ADTRAN TRC582TR1 Point to Point Spread Spectrum System User Manual Title page

Adtran Point to Point Spread Spectrum System Title page

Manual

TRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual 61280003L2-1BPreliminaryTRACER®  2xT1User’s Manual
61280003L2-1B TRACER 2xT1 User’s ManualPreliminary
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for an intentional radiator, pursuantto Part 15, Subpart C of the FCC Rules.  This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequencyenergy.  If not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, it may cause interference to radiocommunications.The limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against such interference in a residentialsituation.  However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation.  Ifthis equipment does cause interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined byturning the equipment on and off, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or moreof the following measures:• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna of the affected radio or television.• Increase the separation between the equipment and the affected receiver.• Connect the equipment and the affected receiver to power outlets on separate circuits.• Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.W A R N I N GChanges or modifications not expressly approved by ADTRAN could void the user’s authority tooperate the equipment.Shielded CablesA shielded-type power cord is required in order to meet FCC emission limits and also to preventinterference with nearby radio and television reception when using the AC voltage adapter.  It is essentialthat only the Adtran-provided power cord be used.FCC Output Power RestrictionsThe FCC does not require licensing to implement this device.  However, the FCC has establishedrestrictions regarding maximum output power and the adjustments required when employing directionalgain antennas.  (Refer to “Setting the Transmitter Power” in Section 2 of this manual).  These restrictionsare detailed in FCC Part 15.247 (b)(1), (b)(3)(i), and (3)(iii).  It is the responsibility of the individualsdesigning and implementing the radio system to assure compliance with these and any other pertinentFCC Rules and Regulations.  This device must be professionally installed.Exposure to Radio Frequency FieldsThe TRACER is designed in three versions with the following power options:2.4 GHz @ 100 mw2.4 GHz @ 1 w5.8 GHz @100 mwThese levels of RF energy in are below the Maximum Permissible Exposure (MPE) levels specified inFCC OET 65:97-01.  The installation of high gain antenna equipment in the system configuration maycreate the opportunity for exposure to levels higher than recommended for occupation/controlled personnel adistance less than 8 feet (2.5meters) from the center of the antenna.  The following precautions must be takenduring installation of this equipment:  RADIO FREQUENCY INTERFACE STATEMENTTRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual iPreliminary
TRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual61280003L2-1BRadio Frequency Interference Statementii Preliminary• The installed antenna must not be located in a manner that allows exposure of the generalpopulation to the direct beam path of the antenna at a distance less than 8 feet (2.5 meters).  Installation ontowers, masts, or rooftops not accessible to the general population is recommended; or• Mount the antenna in a manner that prevents any personnel from entering the area within 8 feet (2.5 meters) from the front of the antenna.• It is recommended that the installer place radio frequency hazard warnings signs on the barrier thatprevents access to the antenna.• Prior to installing the antenna to the RFC output, make sure the power is adjusted to the settingsspecified in section 2 of this manual.• During antenna installation, be sure that power to the TRACER equipment is turned off in order toprevent any energy presence on the coaxial connector.• During installation and alignment of the antenna, do not stand in front of the antenna assembly.• During installation and alignment of the antenna, do not handle or touch the front of the antenna.These simple precautions must be taken to prevent occupational and installation personnel fromexposure to RF energy in excess of specified MPE levels.
TRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual61280003L2-1BTable of ContentsiiiPreliminaryPageSection 1 TRACER DescriptionIntroduction ................................................................................................................................. 1ISM Band Spread Spectrum ........................................................................................................1NEBS ........................................................................................................................................... 1Applications ................................................................................................................................. 2Spread Spectrum .......................................................................................................................... 2Direct Sequence ......................................................................................................... 2Coding ....................................................................................................................... 2Channel Selection ........................................................................................................................ 3Forward Error Correction ............................................................................................................ 3T1 Operation .............................................................................................................. 3Framing....................................................................................................... 3Line Code ................................................................................................... 4DS1/DSX-1 Interface ................................................................................. 4Line Buildout or LBO ................................................................................ 4TRACER System Configuration ................................................................................................. 4Baseband Processor or BBP ...................................................................................... 4DS1/DSX-1 Interface ................................................................................................ 5VT-100 RS-232 Interface .......................................................................................... 6Alarm Contacts .......................................................................................................... 6IF Signal .................................................................................................................... 6Power ......................................................................................................................... 6Controls and Indicators.............................................................................................. 6Non-Volatile Memory ............................................................................................... 8Built-In Tests ............................................................................................................. 8Radio Frequency Convertor or RFC.......................................................................... 8Antenna.................................................................................................................... 10
TRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual61280003L2-1BTable of Contentsiv PreliminarySection 2 InstallationRadio Frequency Interference Statement .................................................................................. 11Shielded Cables ......................................................................................................................... 11FCC Output Power Restrictions ................................................................................................ 11Exposure to Radio Frequency Fields ......................................................................................... 11Unpack, Inspect ......................................................................................................................... 12Rackmounted RFC Configuration ........................................................................... 12Mastmounted RFC Configuration ........................................................................... 12Installation ................................................................................................................................. 13Location and Mounting ........................................................................................... 13Power Requirements ................................................................................................ 13Grounding ................................................................................................................ 13DS1/DSX-1 Interface .............................................................................................. 14Link Planning ............................................................................................................................ 15Antenna Feedline Loss ............................................................................................ 15Antenna Gain ........................................................................................................... 15Path Loss ................................................................................................................. 16Path Availability ...................................................................................................... 16Setting the Transmitter Power ...................................................................................................172.4 GHz, 1 Watt Transmitter Option ......................................................................................... 17Setting the RFC Frequency Plan on Non 1 Watt 2.4 GHz Models ........................................... 18Setting the RFC Frequency Plan on 5.8 GHz Models ............................................................... 19Directions for Changing the Frequency Plan on the Rack Mount RFC .................. 20Directions for Changing the Frequency Plan on the Mast Mount RFC .................. 20Connecting the BBP and the RFC ............................................................................................. 20Applying Power ......................................................................................................................... 20Automatic BBP Frequency Plan ................................................................................................ 20Spreading Code ......................................................................................................................... 21
TRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual61280003L2-1BTable of ContentsvPreliminaryCo-Locating Multiple Systems .................................................................................................. 21Antenna Alignment ................................................................................................................... 21RF Low ...................................................................................................................................... 22Remote BERT ........................................................................................................................... 22Alarm Contacts .......................................................................................................................... 22Section 3 OperationVT-100 User Interface ............................................................................................................... 23RS-232 Interface ........................................................................................................................ 23Modem Connection ................................................................................................................... 23Telemetry Byte Oriented Serial Interface .................................................................................. 23RF Down System Status ............................................................................................................ 28Cable Connections ..................................................................................................................... 28Password .................................................................................................................................... 28Main Menu Selections ............................................................................................................... 29System Status Page .................................................................................................. 29Main Menu Page...................................................................................................... 30T1 Status Page ......................................................................................................... 30Link Performance History ....................................................................................... 31Channel A Statistics Page ........................................................................................ 31Channel B Statistics Page ........................................................................................ 32Alarm Page .............................................................................................................. 32Test Menu ................................................................................................................ 33Configuration Menu ................................................................................................ 34Remote Access .......................................................................................................................... 35Section 4 TroubleshootingGeneral....................................................................................................................................... 37Problem Descriptions and Recommended Actions ................................................................... 37
TRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual61280003L2-1BTable of Contentsvi PreliminaryTroubleshooting using the front panel indicators .................................................... 37“Link Error” light is lit, or link is down ................................................... 37“BPV” light on T1-A or B is lit ................................................................ 38RED light on T1-A or B is lit ................................................................... 38“LBK-A” or “LBK-B” is lit...................................................................... 39“AIS/YEL” on T1-A or T1-B is lit ........................................................... 39“AIS/YEL” indicator is flashing............................................................... 40No “Power” light ...................................................................................... 40“Test” light is lit or blinking ..................................................................... 41“TST” light is lit after pressing “Remote Test” button ............................ 41“Fail” light is lit after pressing “Remote Test” button ............................. 42“RF Low” light is on ................................................................................ 42Troubleshooting Using the VT-100 User Interface ................................................. 43RED Alarm ............................................................................................... 43BLV Alarm ............................................................................................... 43YEL/AIS Alarm........................................................................................ 44RF Link Alarm or Code Sync Alarm ....................................................... 44Carrier Sync Alarm or T1 Mux Framer Alarm......................................... 45ES Values in T1 Status Menu ................................................................... 46SES Values in History Menu .................................................................... 46Section 5 SpecificationsTransmitter ................................................................................................................................ 47Receiver ..................................................................................................................................... 47Frequency Plan .......................................................................................................................... 47Spread Spectrum Data Pump ..................................................................................................... 47Interface Specifications ............................................................................................................. 47User Interface ............................................................................................................................ 47VT-100 Terminal Interface ........................................................................................................ 48
TRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual61280003L2-1BTable of ContentsviiPreliminaryMechanical & Environmental .................................................................................................... 48Power ......................................................................................................................................... 48Section 6 Warranty, Ordering and Return InformationWarranty .................................................................................................................................... 49Sales ........................................................................................................................................... 49Repairs and Returns ................................................................................................................... 49Technical Support ...................................................................................................................... 49GlossaryAcronyms Used in This Manual ................................................................................................ 51Appendix A Cable ConnectionsTerminal Connection (DB25) .................................................................................................. A-1Personal Computer Connection (DB9) .................................................................................... A-1Modem Connection (DB25) .................................................................................................... A-2
TRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual61280003L2-1BTable of Contentsviii PreliminaryIllustrations1-1. Typical Application ...................................................................................................... 21-2. Bandwidth Division ...................................................................................................... 31-3. BBP............................................................................................................................... 41-4. BBP Rear Panel ............................................................................................................ 51-5. BBP Block Diagram ..................................................................................................... 51-6. BBP Front Panel (with door closed) ............................................................................. 61-7. BBP Front Panel (with door open) ............................................................................... 71-8. RFC Module ................................................................................................................. 91-9. RFC Function Block Diagram ...................................................................................... 91-10. Mastmount RFC Housing ........................................................................................... 101-11. Rackmount RFC Housing........................................................................................... 102-1. 2.4 GHz Diplexer........................................................................................................ 182-2 5.8 GHz Diplexer........................................................................................................ 193-1. Rear Panel Connectors................................................................................................ 243-2 System Status Page ..................................................................................................... 283-3 System Status Page ..................................................................................................... 293-4 Main Menu Page......................................................................................................... 303-5. T1 Status Page ............................................................................................................ 303-6. Link Performance History Page ................................................................................. 313-7. Channel A Statistics Page ........................................................................................... 313-8. Channel B Statistics Page ........................................................................................... 323-9 Alarm Page ................................................................................................................. 323-10. Test Menu ................................................................................................................... 333-11 T1 Loopback Locations .............................................................................................. 333-12. Configuration Menu ................................................................................................... 343-13. Remote Current System Status ................................................................................... 35
TRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual61280003L2-1BSection 1  TRACER Description1PreliminaryINTRODUCTIONThe TRACER provides dual T1 transport by way of a spread spectrum microwave link for distances upto 30 miles or more depending on path engineering.  System performance is determined, in part, by theengineering of the microwave link.  Each end of a TRACER link is composed of two units -- thebaseband processor (BBP) and the radio frequency converter (RFC).  Two DS1/DSX-1 (T1) interfacesare provided on the rear of the BBP, which can be mounted in a 19-inch rack.  The DS1/DSX-1 interfaceprovides connections up to 6000 feet from T1 equipment.  A single coaxial cable connects the BBP to theRFC and another connects the RFC to the antenna.ISM BAND SPREAD SPECTRUMThe Federal Communications Commission (FCC) has established several portions of the radio frequency(RF) spectrum for use in Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) applications.  Part 15.247 of the FCCrules describes the requirements of systems that operate in these bands.  The three bands set aside,902-928 MHz, 2400-2483.5 MHz, and 5725-5850 MHz, are designated for use by spread spectrumtransmitters, either frequency hopping or direct sequence.  The TRACER operates in the 2400 to 2483.5MHz or 5725-5850 MHz band using direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) transmission.NEBSNetwork Equipment Building Standards (NEBS) defines a rigid and extensive set of performance,quality, environmental and safety requirements developed by Telcordia, the R&D and standardsorganization owned by the seven regional Bell operating companies (RBOCs).  NEBS compliance isoften required by telecommunications service providers such as BOCs (Bell Operating Companies) andInterexchange Carriers (IEC) for equipment installed in their switching offices. NEBS defines everythingfrom fire spread and extinguish ability test to Zone-4 earthquake tests, thermal shock, cyclic temperature,mechanical shock, and electro-static discharge.   TRACER is NEBS Level 3 compliant (see Table 1-1for a list of testing requirements.)Table 1-1.  NEBS Testing RequirementDescriptionR4-6/72 Equip. should withstand exposure to “Table 4-4 Short T”R4-7/73 Equip should withstand exposure to “Table 4-5 Short T”R4-3 - R4-5/69-70 Exposure to tests in Tables 4-2, 4-3R4-41- R4-43/107-109 Packaged and Unpackaged shock criteriaR4-58/124 Transportation vibration criteriaR4-44 - R4-46/110-112 Equipment and Frame Level  testing of Section 5.4.1R4-48/114 Functional requirements testing of Section 5.4.1O4-49/115 Constructed to meet testing of Section 5.4.1R4-51/117 Base mounting to floor without auxiliary supportR4-53/119 Specs for concrete anchorsO4-60/126 Equipment should withstand testing “Table 4-10”R4-61/127 Equipment should withstand testing “Table 4-10” and o.s.airO2-4/4 Perform under tests of IEC 801-2, Clause 5O3-2/9 EMI Emissions (Open Doors)CR3-11/18 Radiated Performance CriteriaR3-10/17 Radiated Immunity CriteriaCR5-2/43 Signaling - test to Table 5-1 (>20 ft)CR5-4/45 C-Message -Signaling-test to test condition (>20 ft)CR5-9/50 Signaling - test to Table 5-3  (>20 ft)CR5-11/52 C-Message weighted metallic noise test (>20 ft)DocumentGR-63  Operational Thermal(Short Term Conditions)Storage Environments and Transportationand HandlingEarthquake (Zone 4 Level)Airborne Contaminants (Outdoor Levels)GR-1089  ESD (Installation and Repair)EMI Emissions (Open Doors)EMI Immunity (Open Doors)Steady State Power InductionConditional RequirementsSECTION 1  TRACER DESCRIPTION
TRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual61280003L2-1BSection 1  TRACER Description2 PreliminaryAPPLICATIONSAny application that would typically use metallic T1 as a transport can use the TRACER instead.  Figure1-1 illustrates a typical application.The TRACER can be used in any application requiring that data be shared at a high rate of speed.  Inaddition to telephony applications, TRACER can be used in data communications such as inter-networking, video conferencing, and telemetry.SPREAD SPECTRUMSpread spectrum is a form of communication in which the bandwidth of a message signal is intentionallyincreased or “spread.”  The FCC rules allow two methods of spreading – frequency hopping and directsequence.  TRACER employs direct sequence spread spectrum.Direct SequenceA direct sequence transmitter spreads the signal by mixing the data with the output of a pseudorandomnumber generator which changes state at a rate higher than the data rate.  This rate is called the“chipping” rate.  The TRACER chipping rate is twelve times the data rate.CodingMany different pseudorandom sequences exist.  The sequences are called pseudorandom because,although they appear noise-like, they are determinant and repeat after a specific number of chips.  Thelonger a code is, the better correlation characteristics it possesses.  These traits allow multiple spreadFigure 1-1. Typical ApplicationTerminalVT-100Switch Cell RadioRS-232Cellular/PCS SiteAntenna AntennaIF CableRF CableMast UnitMast and Rack mount RFCs may be mixed to accommodate individual system requirements.TRACERBaseband Processor2xT1, Rack-mounted RFCTRACERBaseband ProcessorT1T1T1T1MSCT1BDATA AISBDATA AIST1POWTRANSCEITRACER2xT1, Mast-mounted RFCTRACERT1BPDATA AISBDATA AIST1POWTRANSCEITRACERRack-mount RFCRF Cable
TRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual61280003L2-1BSection 1  TRACER Description3Preliminaryspectrum systems to operate in the presence of one another with minimal interference if they areoperating with different sequences.  The TRACER allows the selection of one of ten different 120-bitlong sequences.CHANNEL SELECTIONThe FCC has allocated 83.5 MHz of spectrum in the 2.4 GHz band and 125 MHz in the 5.8 GHz band inwhich TRACER operates.  A TRACER system fully uses the available bandwidth – transmitting in onehalf and receiving in the other.  Figure 1-2 illustrates the bandwidth division.The transmitter at one end (TxA) of a link will transmit in the lower half of the spectrum.  Consequentlythe receiver at the other end will receive in the lower half of the band and transmit in the upper half.Thus, a system will operate in one of two frequency plans – transmit in the upper and receive in thelower or vice versa.  These two plans are called Plan A and Plan B.  One end of a path will be on Plan Aand the other will be on Plan B.  Shipment of a link will consist of an A and a B unless otherwisespecified.FORWARD ERROR CORRECTIONWith the addition of overhead data, error detection and correction capability can be added to a datastream.  Error correction can be accomplished by allowing the receiver to request the re-transmission ofan errored block once detected.  The TRACER, on the other hand, implements forward error correction(FEC) which adds enough overhead data for the receiver to detect and correct errors in the data stream.This capability comes at the cost of bandwidth.  The addition of FEC decreases the required signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio by approximately 5.5 dB to achieve a given bit error rate (BER).T1 OperationFramingThe data in a T1 stream is delimited by framing bits.  The pattern of the framing bits follows one of twoformats -- extended superframe ( ESF) or superframe (SF).  The T1 interface must be prepared for theformat that will be used.Figure 1-2. Bandwidth Division2400 MHz 2441 MHz 2483.5 MHz5725 MHz 5787 MHzor5850 MHz
TRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual61280003L2-1BSection 1  TRACER Description4 PreliminaryLine CodeA mark in the data stream is coded as a pulse on the T1 line.  A space is coded as “no activity” on the T1line.  As a form of error detection, subsequent marks in the data stream are coded as pulses of alternatingpolarity, either positive going or negative going.  This type of line coding is called alternate markinversion (AMI).For the T1 receiver to operate correctly, a minimum number of “1s” must exist on the T1 facility.  If thedata cannot be guaranteed to meet this requirement, then another line coding format is used.  In thebipolar 8 zero substitution (B8ZS) scheme, a string of eight “0s” is replaced by a special sequence ofeight bits that contains a bipolar violation.  The receiver, upon recognizing this sequence, reinserts theeight “0s” and the data is recovered intact.DS1/DSX-1 InterfaceWhen connecting the interface to the public switched network, an ADTRAN-provided cross-over cable(part number 3125M011@A) is required to meet FCC part 68 and IC CS03 requirements.  This cable isrequired to cross-over the Tx and Rx pairs to meet the connecting arrangement of a network interfacedevice.  This cable is included with the BBP and is labelled “T1 Crossover.”Line Buildout or LBOThe DS1/DSX-1 interface provides two different types of line buildouts (LBOs), respectively.  When setfor DS1, LBOs for 0 dB, -7.5 dB, -15 dB, and -22 dB are available.  The DS1 interface can operate online lengths up to 6,000 feet.  When set for DSX-1 interface, LBOs for 0-133 feet, 266-399 feet, 399-533feet, and 533-655 feet are available.TRACER SYSTEM CONFIGURATIONA TRACER system is composed of three major subsystems -- a baseband processor, a radio frequencyconvertor, and an antenna.  The following section describes the system components.Baseband Processor or BBPThe BBP (ADTRAN part number 1280003L2) is a 1-U, 19-inch rackmountable unit that provides thesystem electrical interfaces, user controls and indicators, and performs the spread spectrum processingfor the system.  The rear panel provides all of the electrical interface points -- DS1/DSX-1 interface,DS1/DSX-1 monitor, VT-100 terminal, alarm contacts, IF signal, DC power (from facility), and power(from AC adapter).  The BBP and its rear panel are illustrated in Figure 1-3 and 1-4.Figure 1-3. BBPBPVT1ALBKYEL/AISREDBPVT1BLBKYEL/AISREDFREQPLAN APLAN BTESTPOWERRF LOWLINK DOWNSYSTEM
TRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual61280003L2-1BSection 1  TRACER Description5PreliminaryDS1/DSX-1 InterfaceTwo DS1/DSX-1 interfaces, labelled “T1A” and “T1B,” are provided for connecting to the T1equipment.  Two types of physical interfaces are provided -- RJ-48C and bantam jacks.The interfaces are illustrated in Figure 1-5, BBP Block Diagram.  The functions of the BBP arepartitioned into three printed circuit boards or PCBs, all contained in the same enclosure.The DS1/DSX-1 interfaces provided for each channel are the same.  The upper bantam connectors,labeled “Monitor,” provide isolated monitor points for testing.  The lower bantam jacks provide signalinsertion points.  The insertion of a bantam jack disconnects the RJ-48C connector from the circuit.  TheDS1/DSX-1 interface can operate on line lengths up to 6000 feet.When connecting either T1 interface to the public switched network, an ADTRAN-provided cross-overcable (part number 3125M011@A) is required to meet FCC part 68 and IC CS03 requirements.  Thiscable is included with the BBP and is labelled “T1 Crossover.” This cable is required to cross-over theTX and RX pairs to meet the connecting arrangement of a network interface device.For connections to other CPE-type equipment, such as an ADTRAN TSU-100, a straight-through T1cable is provided by ADTRAN (part number 3127004) and is included with the BBP.Figure 1-5. BBP Block DiagramΣT1T1T1CMultiplexViterbiEncoder/DecoderSpreadSpectrumDataPump9090Baseband Processor BoardIF Interface BoardFc = 70 MHzFc = 140 MHzFilterµCUART DSP-48VdcRS-232T1AT1BIFFigure 1-4. BBP Rear PanelMANAGEMENT
TRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual61280003L2-1BSection 1  TRACER Description6 PreliminaryVT-100 RS-232 InterfaceA serial interface port using RS-232C signal levels is provided for attaching a VT-100-compatibleterminal.  The connection is made via a DB-25 connector on the rear panel.  The data rate is configuredfor 9600 bps, 8 data bits, no parity, and 1 stop bit.A 7-day error history of the T1 interfaces and radio link is also provided. Fifteen-minute histories areprovided for the most recent 24 hours of operation.Alarm ContactsTwo sets of alarm contacts are provided on the rear of the BBP: major alarm and minor alarm.  A majoralarm indicates the radio link is not operational.  A minor alarm indicates that system performance isdegraded or that the T1 interfaces are experiencing errors.  Normally-open and Normally-closed contactsare provided for both alarm types.  Under normal operating conditions there is no continuity between theNormally-open and Common contacts, and, under an alarm condition, continuity between those contactsexists.  The Normally-closed and Common contacts normally have continuity, while under alarmconditions, these contacts are open.IF SignalThe N-type connector on the rear panel provides the interface point between the BBP and the RFC.  Thisconnection provides the data signal, power, and configuration information to the RFC.  A coaxial cable(ADTRAN part number 3125RF027@A) is provided for connecting the BBP to the RFC for therackmount model.  Cable for connecting the BBP to a mastmount RFC must be provided by the customerafter the length of cable has been determined.PowerThe unit receives power via one of two connectors.  Power for the entire system is provided by theseinterfaces.  The three-pin circular DIN connector is provided to connect an optional ADTRAN desktopAC adapter (ADTRAN part number 1360DSK24VL1), providing 24 volts DC.  The three-pin terminalblock allows the connection of any DC power source providing between 21 and 60 volts DC.  The powerconsumption of the entire system is 30 watts.Controls and IndicatorsThe system may be configured via the front panel, which is accessible behind a drop-down panel on theright half of the BBP.  The front panel is illustrated in Figures 1-6 and 1-7.Figure 1-6. BBP Front Panel (with door closed)BPVT1ALBKBPVT1BLBKYEL/AISREDYEL/AISREDFREQPLAN APLAN BTESTPOWERRF LOWLINK DOWNSYSTEM
TRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual61280003L2-1BSection 1  TRACER Description7PreliminaryOptions that are set from the front panel can be overridden via the terminal interface.  As a rule, a greenLED indicates a good situation, a red LED indicates an error situation, and a yellow LED indicates aconfiguration option.  LEDs indicating overall system integrity are listed below.Test ...............................Red indicates that the self-test has completed and failedPWR .............................Green indicates that DC voltage is appliedThe LEDs associated with the DS1/DSX-1 interfaces are listed below.  There are two sections ofidentical indicators -- one for each DS1/DSX-1 interface.BPV ..............................Red if the incoming T1 stream contains bipolarviolationsRED .............................. Red if there is no signal present at the T1 interfaceLPBK............................Yellow if the T1 interface is in loopbackYEL/AIS ...................... Flashes to indicate a T1 Yellow Alarm; remains On(solid) to indicate an AIS alarm (when the DS1/DSX-1is receiving a Blue code)The LEDs indicating error conditions are listed below.RF Low.........................Red indicates the received RF carrier level is too lowLink Down ...................Radio path is downThe front panel controls are listed below.Reset .............................Reset the systemLBKA ...........................Toggles the T1-A between no loopback and lineloopbackLBO .............................. Selects TI line buildout. Template on right edge offaceplate designates switch setting.LBKB ...........................Toggles the T1-B between no loopback and lineloopbackFigure 1-7. BBP Front Panel (with door open)UPDOWN
TRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual61280003L2-1BSection 1  TRACER Description8 PreliminaryTx PWR........................UP increments radio transmit power up.DOWN increments radio transmit power down.VT100 terminal will indicate Tx Power setting.Remote Test .................Initiate a remote test across the RF linkNon-volatile MemoryThe TRACER system contains non-volatile memory to retain certain configuration settings. Thesesettings include:Frequency planChipping code (if set from VT-100)PasswordPassword enablingSite nameT1 line coding (if set from VT-100)T1 framing (if set from VT-100)Built-In TestsThe TRACER has several features to aid in site setup and later debugging. These diagnostics include T1loopbacks and a link test with BERT (Bit Error Rate Test) data. A link test  is performed by pressing thetest button. The remote unit will then send a pseudorandom data pattern and the local end will compute aBER. After the conclusion of the test, the remote end will automatically be instructed to terminate thepattern generation. If any bit errors are introduced, the Remote Test Fail LED will illuminate.The monitor points provided on the front panel of the system are listed on the next page.I......................................Demodulated received baseband outputQ ....................................Demodulated received baseband outputCLK ...............................Recovered clock for observing EYE patternRSSI ..............................DC voltage indicating strength of the received signal atthe antenna+5...................................System 5 volts-5....................................System -5 volts+12.................................System +12 volts-12 .................................System -12 voltsRF PWR ........................Voltage supplying RF powerGND ..............................System groundRadio Frequency Converter or RFCThe radio frequency converter (RFC) provides the radio frequency (RF) interface between the basebandprocessor and the antenna. The RFC is partitioned, functionally, into two major components - thetransmitter and the receiver.The major connections illustrated in Figure 1-8 are transmit signal, receive signal, and the IF signalconnection.The RFC unit is enclosed in a metal enclosure approximately 9.5 inches x 5.5 inches x 1 inch and ismounted in a 1-U, 19-inch rackmountable housing or mastmountable, weatherproof enclosure.
TRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual61280003L2-1BSection 1  TRACER Description9PreliminaryThree SMA connectors, located on the RFC module, provide RF and IF connection points. A test point isprovided for monitoring the received signal strength indicator (RSSI). The voltage (relative to the GNDtest point) present on this test point represents the level of the received signal. This signal is used to alignthe antenna when installing the system and to verify the link is performing as designed. Another testpoint is provided to monitor the transmitter output power during system configuration. The onlyconnections that must be made in the field are a coax connection between the baseband processor and theRFC and a coax connection between the RFC and the antenna. These connections require male, type Ncoax connectors.The IF  connector provides the connection between the baseband processor and the rackmounted ormastmounted RFC. (An 8-inch IF cable [ADTRAN part # 3125RF027@A] is provided for rackmountsystems).  The TO ANTENNA connection provides the connection between the RFC and the antenna. Ablock diagram of the RFC functions is show in Figure 1-9.The RFC module is enclosed in either a 19-inch EIA rackmount housing, or a weather-tight enclosuresuitable for mastmounting near the antenna for enhanced system performance.  The RFC mastmount andrackmount housings are illustrated in Figures 1-10 and 1-11.Figure 1-8. RFC ModuleRXTXIFRSSIGNDTX-PWRFigure 1-9.  RFC Function Block DiagramSAW33323212281AGCSplitterSplitterAGCPALPFRF2IF2018 5344or2058 54245607or 5687TxRx
TRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual61280003L2-1BSection 1  TRACER Description10 PreliminaryFigure 1-10.  Mastmount RFC HousingAntennaTRACER is intended to be coupled with an antenna that is directional and provides signal gain.  Thereare several reasons for this requirement:• TRACER operates in point-to-point applications; therefore, an omnidirectional antenna isnot needed.• The FCC provides no recourse in this band in the event of nearby interference, so a highlydirectional antenna reduces the likelihood of interference in the antenna pattern.• The low power transmitter is intended to be used with a high-gain antenna for long links.The antenna requirements are listed below.Antenna 100 mw  1 wMinimum gain .................... 15 dBi ............. 6 dBiMinimum return loss .......... 15 dB .............. 15 dBConnector ........................... N-type ............. N-typeImpedance .......................... 50Ω................. 50ΩFigure 1-11.  Rackmount RFC Housing
RADIO FREQUENCY INTERFERENCE STATEMENTThis equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for an intentional radiator, pursuantto Part 15, Subpart C of the FCC Rules.  This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequencyenergy.  If not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, it may cause interference to radiocommunications.The limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against such interference in a residentialsituation.  However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation.  Ifthis equipment does cause interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined byturning the equipment on and off, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or moreof the following measures:• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna of the affected radio or television.• Increase the separation between the equipment and the affected receiver.• Connect the equipment and the affected receiver to power outlets on separate circuits.• Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.W A R N I N GChanges or modifications not expressly approved by ADTRAN could void the user’s authority tooperate the equipment.SHIELDED CABLESA shielded-type power cord is required in order to meet FCC emission limits and also to preventinterference with nearby radio and television reception when using the AC voltage adapter.  It is essentialthat only the ADTRAN-provided power cord be used.FCC OUTPUT POWER RESTRICTIONSThe FCC does not require licensing to implement this device.  However, the FCC has establishedrestrictions regarding maximum output power and the adjustments required when employing directionalgain antennas.  (Refer to “Setting the Transmitter Power” in Section 2 of this manual).  These restrictionsare detailed in FCC Part 15.247 (b)(1), (b)(3)(i), and (3)(iii).  It is the responsibility of the individualsdesigning and implementing the radio system to assure compliance with these and any other pertinentFCC Rules and Regulations.  This device must be professionally installed.Exposure to Radio Frequency FieldsThe TRACER is designed in three versions with the following power options:2.4 GHz @ 100 mw2.4 GHz @ 1 w5.8 GHz @100 mwThese levels of RF energy in are below the Maximum Permissible Exposure (MPE) levels specified inFCC OET 65:97-01.  The installation of high gain antenna equipment in the system configuration maycreate the opportunity for exposure to levels higher than recommended for occupation/controlled personnel at adistance less than 8 feet from the center of the antenna.  The following precautions must be takenduring installation of this equipment:SECTION 2  INSTALLATIONTRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual 11Preliminary
TRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual61280003L2-1BSection 2  Installation12 Preliminary• The installed antenna must not be located in a manner that allows exposure of controlledpersonnel to the direct beam path of the antenna at a distance less than 8 feet (2.5 meters).Installation is on towers, masts, or rooftops and is not accessible to the general populationand;• the antenna is mounted such that prevents any personnel from entering the area within 8 feet(2.5 meters) from the front of the antenna.• It is recommended that the installer place radio frequency hazard warnings signs on thebarrier that prevents access to the antenna.• Prior to installing the antenna to the RFC output, make sure the power is adjusted to thesettings specified in section 2 of this manual.• During antenna installation, be sure that power to the TRACER equipment is turned off inorder to prevent any energy presence on the coaxial connector.• During installation and alignment of the antenna, do not stand in front of the antennaassembly.• During installation and alignment of the antenna, do not handle or touch the front of theantenna.These simple precautions must be taken to prevent occupation and installation personnel fromexposure to RF energy in excess of specified MPE levels.UNPACK, INSPECTCarefully inspect the TRACER for any shipping damages.  If damage is suspected, file a claimimmediately with the carrier then contact ADTRAN Customer Service.  If possible, keep the originalshipping container for use in shipping the TRACER back for repair or for verification of damage duringshipment.Before beginning installation, verify that all of the following components are present.Rackmounted RFC configuration:Provided by ADTRAN • Baseband processor• Rackmounted RFC• BBP to RFC IF interconnect cable• DS1/DSX-1 interface cables (RJ-48 to RJ-48)Provided by customer • Antenna feedline cable• Antenna and mounting hardware• VT-100 terminal and RS-232 interface cable (optional)• 21 to 60 volt DC power source (available from ADTRAN),either polarity referenced to groundMastmounted RFC configuration:Provided by ADTRAN • Baseband processor• Mastmounted RFC• DS1/DSX-1 interface cables (RJ-48 to RJ-48)Provided by customer • Antenna feedline cable• Antenna and mounting hardware• BBP to mastmounted RFC IF interconnect cable• VT-100 terminal and RS-232 interface cable (optional)• 21 to 60 volt DC power source (available from ADTRAN),either polarity referenced to ground
TRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual61280003L2-1BSection 2  Installation13PreliminaryINSTALLATIONLocation and MountingInstall the TRACER in a location that requires minimal antenna feedline length (the loss in this cabledirectly affects overall system performance).  The BBP is designed to be mounted in a rack, above theRFC.  Although no space is needed between the units, certain regulations may require at least .75" ofspace above and below the BBP.Power RequirementsThe TRACER can operate from a supply between 21 and 60 volts DC, with either polarity referenced toground, and consumes 30 watts.  Amperage is determined by dividing the wattage (30) by the inputvoltage (i.e., 30 watts/48 volts = .625 amps),GroundingThe following grounding instructions are derived from the Underwriters’ Laboratory UL 1459 Standardfor Safety: Telephone Equipment dated September 20, 1993.An equipment grounding conductor that is no smaller in size than the ungrounded branch-circuit supplyconductors is to be installed as part of the circuit that supplies the product or system.  Bare, covered, orinsulated grounding conductors are acceptable.  Individually covered or insulated equipment groundingconductors shall have a continuous outer finish that is either green, or green with one or more yellowstripes.  The equipment grounding conductor is to be connected to ground at the service equipment.The attachment-plug receptacles in the vicinity of the product or system are all to be of a grounding type,and the equipment grounding conductors serving these receptacles are to be connected to earth groundat the service equipment.A supplementary equipment grounding conductor shall be installed between the product or system andground that is in addition to the equipment grounding conductor in the power supply cord.The supplementary equipment grounding conductor shall not be smaller in size than the undergroundedbranch-circuit supply conductors.  The supplementary equipment grounding conductor shall beconnected to the product at the terminal provided, and shall be connected to ground in a manner thatwill retain the ground connection when the product is unplugged from the receptacle.  The connection toground of the supplementary equipment grounding conductor shall be in compliance with the rules forterminating bonding jumpers at Part K or Article 250 of the National Electrical Code, ANSI/NFPA 70.Termination of the supplementary equipment grounding conductor is permitted to be made to buildingsteel, to a metal electrical raceway system, or to any grounded item that is permanently and reliablyconnected to the electrical service equipment ground.Bare, covered, or insulated grounding conductors are acceptable.  A covered or insulated groundingconductor shall have a continuous outer finish that is either green, or green with one or more yellowstripes.The supplemental equipment grounding terminals are located on the rear of the BBP adjacent to thepower connectors and on the rear of the rackmounted RFC.
TRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual61280003L2-1BSection 2  Installation14 PreliminaryDS1/DSX-1 InterfaceThe rear panel of the TRACER has two sets of jacks labeled T1A and T1B which provide the samefunctionality.  The pin assignments for the eight-position modular jack are listed below.Pin Name Function1 ................R .......................Send data (ring)2 ................T .......................Send data (tip)3 ...........................................Not used4 ................R1 .....................Receive data (ring)5 ................T1 .....................Receive data (tip)6 ...........................................Not used7 ...........................................Not used8 ...........................................Not usedBantam jack connections are provided for test equipment access.  Data is received on the jack labelled“IN” and is transmitted on the jack labelled “OUT.”  Bantam jacks are provided for both inserting andmonitoring the interfaces.  When a plug is placed in the insert jack, the connection between the modularjack and the interface circuitry is broken.  The monitor jacks provide access to monitor the transmittedand received signals without interference.When connecting either T1 interface to the public switched network, an ADTRAN-provided crossovercable (part number 3125M011@A) is required to meet FCC part 68 and IC CS03 requirements.  Thiscable is required to cross-over the Tx and Rx pairs to meet the connecting arrangement of a networkinterface device.  This cable, labelled “T1 Crossover,” is included with the BBP.For connections to other CPE-type equipment, such as an ADTRAN TSU, a straight-through T1 cable(ADTRAN part number 3127004) is included with the BBP.Each DS1/DSX-1 interface must be configured for line code and framing, either from the front-panelrocker switches or via the VT-100 terminal.  The choices for line code are AMI and B8ZS.  The optionsfor framing are SF and ESF.  Each channel can be configured independently of the other and should beconfigured to match the attached T1 equipment.The line build-out (LBO) must be set for each DS1/DSX-1 interface.  The LBO setting allows eachDS1/DSX-1 interface transmitter to drive the interface with the correct signal strength based on the lineattenuation between TRACER and the attached equipment.  The LBO is independently set for eachinterface via rotary switches on the front panel.  Two sets of configurations are provided -- DSX-1 forshort-haul interface (less than 655 feet) and DS1 for long-haul interfaces (greater than 655 feet).  Thesettings are detailed below.Interface Type LBO Switch SettingDSX-1 .......................... 0-133 feet ................... 2, 3DSX-1 ........................ 133-266 feet ................... 4DSX-1 ............................ 266-399 ....................... 5DSX-1 ............................ 399-533 ....................... 6DSX-1 ........................ 533-655 feet ................... 7DS1 ....................................0 dB .......................... 8DS1 ................................. -7.5 dB........................ 9DS1 .................................. -15 dB ....................... 10DS1 ................................ -22.5 dB...................... 11
TRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual61280003L2-1BSection 2  Installation15PreliminaryLINK PLANNINGI M P O R T A N TThe appropriate transmitter power must be calculated as part of the link planning.The factors that must be taken into account when planning a link are optimal received signal level,transmitter power, antenna feedline loss (each end), antenna gain (each end), free space path loss, andrequired fade margin.I M P O R T A N TThe optimal signal level for the receiver is -60 dBm.Antenna Feedline LossFeedline loss is a function of feedline type and length.  Feedline loss per 100 feet for several types ofcoax at IF and RF frequencies is detailed in the table below.  The IF loss applies to BBP/RFCinterconnection, and the RF loss applies to RFC/antenna interconnection.  Antenna manufacturers’specifications may vary.IF Loss/100 feet 2.4 GHz RF Loss/100 feet 5.7 GHz RF Loss/100 feetCable  (in dB)  (in dB)  (in dB)RG58 ..................................................... 5.7 ................................... 80 ............................................N/ARG8 (air) ............................................... 2.7 ...................................20 ............................................N/ARG8 (foam) ............................................ 2 ...................................... 9 .............................................N/A1/4" Coax ............................................... 1.42 ................................ 5.91 ......................................... 11.363/8" Coax ............................................... 1.25 ................................ 5.76 .......................................... 9.651/2" Coax ............................................... 0.81 ................................ 3.83 .......................................... 6.497/8" Coax ............................................... 0.44 ................................. 2.2 ............................................N/A1 1/4" Coax ............................................ 0.33 ................................ 1.62 ...........................................N/A1 5/8" Coax ............................................ 0.27 ................................ 1.41 ...........................................N/A5.8 GHz Elliptical Waveguide............. N/A ................................ N/A .......................................... 1.23Antenna GainBest performance will result from the use of a parabolic dish antenna.  Antenna gain is determined by thesize of the dish, with typical figures detailed below.  Dish manufacturers will be able to supply gains forother types of antenna.Dish Diameter 2.4 GHz Gain 5.8 GHz Gain(in feet) (in dBi) (in dBi)2....................................... 21 ................................... 28.54....................................... 27 ................................... 34.26....................................... 31 ................................... 37.58....................................... 33 ................................... 40.710 ...................................... 35 ................................... 42.512 ...................................... 37 ................................... 44.2
TRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual61280003L2-1BSection 2  Installation16 PreliminaryPath LossThe free space path loss is given byLoss(dB) = 96.6 + 20 log10f + 20log10Dwhere D is distance in milesf is operating frequency in GHzA tabulation of various path loss is given below.Path AvailabilityThe availability of a path can be expressed by:availability = (1 - C x T x 2.5 x 10-6 x f x D3 x 10-F/10) x 100%where C is the climate factorT is the terrain factorf is the frequency in GHzD is the path length in milesF is the fade margin in dBClimate factors are given below.ClimateClimate FactorVery Dry ............................................................ 1/8Temperate .......................................................... 1/4Humid ................................................................ 1/2Terrain factors are listed below.TerrainTerrain FactorSmooth ............................................................... 4Average .............................................................. 1Mountainous ..................................................... 1/42.4 GHzLink Distance Path Loss(in miles) (in dB)1 ................. 1042 ................. 1103 ................. 1144 ................. 1165 ................. 1186 ................. 1207 ................. 1218 ................. 1229 ................. 12310 ................ 12411 ................ 12512 ................ 1265.8 GHzLink Distance  Path Loss(in miles) (in dB)1 ................ 1122 ................ 1183 ................ 1214 ................ 1245 ................ 1266 ................ 1277 ................ 1298 ................ 1309 ................ 13110 ............... 13211 ............... 13312 ............... 1335.8 GHzLink Distance  Path Loss(in miles) (in dB)13 ............... 13414 ............... 13515 ............... 13516 ............... 13617 ............... 13618 ............... 13719 ............... 13720 ............... 13821 ............... 13822 ............... 13923 ............... 13924 ............... 1392.4 GHzLink Distance Path Loss(in miles) (in dB)13 ................ 12614 ................ 12715 ................ 12816 ................ 12817 ................ 12918 ................ 12919 ................ 12920 ................ 13021 ................ 13022 ................ 13123 ................ 13124 ................ 132
TRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual61280003L2-1BSection 2  Installation17PreliminaryThe nominal received signal level is -60 dBm.  For help in link planning, use the path loss calculationworksheet below.-  91 dBm (-90 dBm for 5.8 GHz) ........ Minimum Signal Power+ _______ ............................................. Transmitter Feedline Loss-  _______ ............................................. Transmitter Antenna Gain+  _______ ............................................ Path Loss-  _______ ............................................. Receiver Antenna Gain+  _______ ............................................ Receiver Feedline Loss+  _______ ............................................ Required Fade Margin=  _______ ............................................ (dBm) Transmitter Power SettingSETTING THE TRANSMITTER POWERThe FCC specifies the maximum transmitter power that may be used for antennae of a given gain.  FCCrules Part 15, Subpart 247 allow for a maximum power of 1 watt into antennae of a gain less than orequal to 6 dBi.  For every 3 dB of gain over 6 dBi, the transmitter must be reduced by 1 dB.  Thefollowing table lists the maximum transmitter power for given antennae gains.  For the 5.8 GHz band,there is no reduction in transmitter output power required for antennae gains greater than 6 dBi.Antenna Gain Power6 dBi ......................................... 30 dBm (TRACER & 2.4 GHz 1 watt output option)12 dBi ....................................... 28 dBm (TRACER & 2.4 GHz 1 watt output option)18 dBi ....................................... 26 dBm (TRACER & 2.4 GHz 1 watt output option)24 dBi ....................................... 24 dBm (TRACER & 2.4 GHz 1 watt output option)30 dBi ....................................... 22 dBm (TRACER & 2.4 GHz 1 watt output option)36 dBi ....................................... 20 dBm (TRACER standard output option)The transmitter power is set by way of a potentiometer on the front panel of the BBP or via theconfiguration page of the interface VT-100.  The RFC must be attached by way of the IF cable duringthis operation.  Attach an RF power meter to the N-type antenna connector on the RFC, and adjust thepower by way of  the potentiometer or VT-100 until the desired transmitter power is obtained.  Forconvenience, the transmitter power adjustment should be made before the RFC is installed on the mast.2.4 GHZ, 1 WATT TRANSMITTER OPTIONThe 2.4 GHz Tracer model is offered with a standard +20 dBm power output or optional 1 watt poweroutput option. The 1 watt option provides an add-on amplifier that is installed in the rackmount RFCchassis. This amplifier is connected to the transmit cable of the RFC module and amplifies the +20 dBmoutput power to a maximum level of +30 dBm (1 watt), factory set to +27 dBm.  The output power isproportional to the output level from the RFC module.  The level is adjusted via the Baseband Processorfront panel or VT-100 terminal.Because the 1 watt amplifier is frequency specific, the frequency plans can not be manually changed byswapping the TX and RX cables in the RFC chassis. If a frequency reversal is required, the rackmountRFCs will have to be relocated to the opposite ends of the microwave path. The 1 watt option is onlyavailable for the 2.4 GHz, rackmount Tracer systems.
TRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual61280003L2-1BSection 2  Installation18 PreliminarySETTING THE RFC FREQUENCY PLAN ON NON 1 WATT 2.4 GHZ MODELSThe frequency plan designates on which frequencies the TRACER transmits and receives.  Plan Acorresponds to a transmitting (Tx) frequency of 2422 MHz and a receive (Rx) frequency of 2462 MHz.Plan B corresponds to a Tx frequency of 2462 MHz and a Rx frequency of 2422 MHz.  Shipment of alink consists of one RFC set to Plan A and the other set to Plan B unless specified otherwise.  The RFCplan can, however, be changed in the field if required if the 1 watt amplifier is not present.  Thisprocedure involves configuring the RFC interconnect cables.For rackmounted systems, do the following to reconfigure the RFC interconnect:1. Remove the SIX screws which retain the RFC cover and remove the cover.2. The RF unit may be identified by following the connection from the port labelled “IF” on therear of the RFC.  This connection terminates at the RF unit.  The diplexer may be identifiedby following the connection from the “Antenna” port on the rear of the RFC.  Thisconnection terminates at the diplexer, illustrated in Figure 2-1.3. Unscrew the cable assemblies from the ports labelled “Tx” and “Rx” on the RFC, and theports labelled “J1” and “J2” on the diplexer, depending on the frequency Plan (Plan A orPlan B).4. Unscrew the cable assembly from the port labelled “Antenna” on the diplexer.5. Remove the four screws from the bottom of the RFC that hold the diplexer in place.6. Turn the diplexer over revealing the opposite frequency plan (from Plan A to Plan B, or viceversa).7. Realign the diplexer with the screw holes and replace the four screws that attach it to thebottom of the RFC.8. Reattach the loose cable assembly (from step 4) to the port labelled “Antenna” on thediplexer.Figure 2-1.  2.4 GHz DiplexerANT J2J1
TRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual61280003L2-1BSection 2  Installation19Preliminary9. Reattach the cable assemblies from the ports labelled “Tx” and “Rx” on the RFC, and theports labelled “J1” and “J2” on the diplexer.  Cable connections should be aligned to eachother as follows:Plan A Plan BTx = 2422 Tx = 2462Rx = 2462 Rx = 242210. Replace and secure the RFC cover.For mastmounted systems, do the following to reconfigure the RFC interconnect:1. Remove the lid of the mast RFC.2. Disconnect the three cables attached to the diplexer.  The diplexer may be identified byfollowing the antenna connector to the middle connector of the diplexer.  Leave the cables inthe same positions.3. Remove the two screws securing the diplexer and rotate the diplexer to reveal the oppositefrequency plan label.4. Reinstall the two screws and reattach the cables in the same positions.5. Reinstall the lid of the mast RFC.SETTING THE RFC FREQUENCY PLAN ON 5.8 GHZ MODELSThe 5.8 GHz RFC operates on Plan A, Tx = 5747 MHz, Rx = 5827 MHz or Plan B, Tx = 5827 MHz,Rx = 5747 MHz.  See Figure 2-2 for an illustration of the 5.8 GHz diplexer.Plan A Plan BRFC “Tx” connected to diplexer “CHAN 1” RFC “Tx”  connected to diplexer “CHAN 2”RFC “Rx” connected to diplexer “CHAN 2” RFC “Rx” connected to diplexer “CHAN 1”Figure 2-2.  5.8 GHz DiplexerANTCHAN 2CHAN 1
TRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual61280003L2-1BSection 2  Installation20 PreliminaryDirections for Changing the Frequency Plan on the Rack Mount RFC1. Remove RFC top cover by removing six screws.2. Disconnect the cables at the “Tx” and “Rx” RFC module ports.  Swap and reconnect thesetwo cables to the RFC module ports.  Minimum bend radius on these cables is 3/4 inch.  Usecare in handling and forming bends in these cables.3. Reinstall the RFC top cover with the six screws previously removed.Directions for Changing the Frequency Plan on the Mast Mount RFC1. Remove the lid of the Mast RFC.2. Disconnect the two cables at both ends; at the diplexer and RFC module.3. Swap and reconnect these cables.   Minimum bend radius on these cables is 3/4 inch.  Usecare in handling and forming bends in these cables.4. Reinstall the lid of the Mast RFC.CONNECTING THE BBP AND THE RFCThe BBP and the RFC are connected by an IF cable, either supplied by ADTRAN (for rackmountassembly) or by the customer (for mastmount assembly).  This single connection provides everything theRFC requires.  The cable assembly attaches to the ports labeled “IF” on the BBP and the RFC.APPLYING POWERIf the ADTRAN supplied tabletop power source is used, simply plug it into the circular receptaclelocated in the “DC Power” area on the rear of the BBP.  If a source of 21 to 60 volts DC (30 watts),either polarity referenced to ground, is available, it may be attached to the terminal block located on therear of the BBP.  The positive lead should be attached to the “+” side of the block and the negative leadshould be attached to the “-” side of the block.C A U T I O NPower sources must not be attached to both the circular connector and the terminal blocks atthe same time or damage will occur.AUTOMATIC  BBP FREQUENCY PLANUpon the initial application of power, the BBP will default to the factory-preset Frequency Plan, or to theFrequency Plan determined by the cable configuration of the RFC.  The LED will indicate whichfrequency plan is active.  On subsequent reboots, such as after a loss of power, the BBP will default tothe most recently used Plan setting.
TRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual61280003L2-1BSection 2  Installation21PreliminarySPREADING CODEThe spreading code for each end must be the same. The choice of operating code is selectable by theoperator or the installer.  TRACER is shipped in a matched (default) configuration.WARNINGIt is possible for the spreading code to be changed remotely through the VT-100 interface fromthe other end of the link.  When this is performed, communications will be lost to the far end.The spreading code will change to code “0” and communications will be lost as soon as thischange is made.  If this happens, set the Spreading Code on the local unit to code “0”.  The unitsshould regain communications as soon as the correct code is selected.This equipment is authorizedequipment shall not be co-located with a similar transmitter that transmits identical information. under CFR 47 Part 15.247.  With this authorization by the FCC, thisANTENNA ALIGNMENTAfter the transmitter power for each end has been adjusted and the BBP and RFC have been installed andconnected, the antenna should be connected to the RFC via the feedline.  Verify that both antennas arearranged on the same polarity:  vertical or horizontal. The antennas should be aimed toward one anotheras precisely as possible and the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) voltage measured.  The RSSIvoltage is a function of the signal strength at the receiver and is used to measure the received signalstrength.  RSSI varies approximately from 0 to 4 volts, with 0 volts corresponding to a weaker receivedsignal and 4 volts corresponding to a stronger received signal.Co-Location of Transmitters
TRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual61280003L2-1BSection 2  Installation22 PreliminaryRF LOWThe “RF Low” LED indicates that the received signal is within 10dB of the minimum received signalstrength (~-80 dBm).  If this indicator is on, the link performance may be marginal.  The antennas shouldbe peaked in azimuth and elevation until the desired signal level is achieved.  RSSI may be monitored oneither the RF unit or the front of the BBP.  If the received signal is too strong and RSSI reaches amaximum such that the peak cannot be discerned, then the transmitter on the far end should be turneddown.At this point the radio link should be operational.  Proper operation can be determined by the status ofthe “LINK DOWN” LED.  If this LED is on, the link is not operational.  If this LED is not on, thelink is operating.  Certain types of interference can cause one end of a path to operate and the other endto fail.  In some instances, this may be corrected by swapping the frequency plan at each end, thusavoiding the interference if it is stronger at one end than the other.  Changing the spreading code at eachend may also allow interference to be mitigated.REMOTE BERTThe TRACER includes a Bit Error Rate Tester (BERT) to verify that the installed system is operatingcorrectly.  When the “Remote Test” button is pushed on the local BBP, the remote end will send a BERTpattern for approximately 10 seconds.  The “Remote TST” indicator will turn yellow and remain on forthe duration of the test.  If no bit errors are detected, the “Remote TST” indicator will turn off.  If any biterrors are detected, the “Remote Fail” indicator will turn red.  This test should be run after the radio linkhas been aligned.  If the test fails, refer to Section 4, “Troubleshooting,” for guidance.ALARM CONTACTSTwo sets of alarm contacts are provided on the rear of the BBP: major alarm and minor alarm.  A majoralarm indicates the radio link is not operational.  A minor alarm indicates that system performance isdegraded or that the T1 interfaces are experiencing errors.  Normally-open and Normally-closed contactsare provided for both alarm types.  Under normal operating conditions there is no continuity between theNormally-open and Common contacts and under an alarm condition continuity between those contactsexists.  The Normally-closed and Common contacts normally have continuity, while under alarmconditions, these contacts are open.
VT-100 USER INTERFACEThe TRACER may be accessed with a VT-100 compatible terminal set to 9600 bits per second, 8 databits, and no parity,  connected to the RS-232 port on the back of the unit.  Once a terminal is connected,pressing the ESC key will present the System Status  screen.  If password access has been enabled, thenpress “Enter” or “Return” in order to see the “Enter Password:” message.  TRACER is shipped withpassword protection disabled.RS-232 INTERFACEThe TRACER has an RS-232 interface for system management via an attached VT-100 terminal,personal computer, or modem.  The RS-232 port is configured as a DCE with the following pinassignments:Signal PinName Number DirectionTXD 2 To TRACERRXD 3 From TRACERRTS 4 To TRACERCTS 5 From TRACERDSR 6 From TRACERGround 7DCD 8 To TRACERDTR 20 To TRACERMODEM CONNECTIONOption 16, discussed in the Configuration Menu page of this section, will enable or disable modemcontrol. When this option is enabled from a standard terminal connection, all RS-232 communicationswill cease until a modem is attached with a Null-Modem adapter between the TRACER and data modem.The data modem will need to be configured for AUTO ANSWER and 9600 BPS. When the userconnects via modem to the TRACER unit, communications via the RS-232 port will resume. If a useraccidentally enables modem control from a terminal and disrupts the RS-232 communication, pressing[CTRL Z] three times, will temporarily disable the modem control option. This will allow the user toaccess the configuration menu to disable modem control.When modem control is enabled, the RS-232 port is inactive until DTR and DCD are active. Thisprohibits data being sent to the modem or received from the modem while idle. The required Null-Modem adapter may be obtained at any computer hardware supplier. A straight-through serial cableshould be used between the adapter and the modem or TRACER unit. To ensure that the far-end modemdisconnects when desired, option 17 of the CONFIGURATION MENU will disconnect the modem.  Themodem must be configured to drop the connection on loss of DTR in order to disconnect.TELEMETRY BYTE ORIENTED SERIAL (TBOS) INTERFACEE-telemetry systems were developed by the pre-divestiture AT&T organization as a method to monitorand control diverse network elements from a remote, centralized location. Status and command remote(SAC) units were employed in the central office to convert discrete (contact closure) alarms frommonitored equipment into E-telemetry for efficient transfer of data to and from the operations center.SECTION 3  OPERATIONTRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual 23Preliminary
TRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual61280003L2-1BSection 3  Operation24 PreliminaryWith the advent of microprocessor technology, the alarm processing remote (APR, alarm remote orsimply Remote) was developed, allowing discrete alarm links with network elements to be supplanted bya more efficient serial link. TBOS is the communications protocol defined for this link.The TRACER rear panel designates the TBOS ports as “MANAGEMENT IN” (on the bottom) and“MANAGEMENT OUT” (on the top).  The TBOS polling station is connected to the MANAGEMENTIN port.  If several devices or TRACER systems are daisy-chained together, plug the TBOS manager intothe first units MANAGEMENT IN port (that physical unit does not have to be assigned TBOS address#1), and then connect that units MANAGEMENT OUT to the next units MANAGEMENT IN port.Follow that routine down the line, up to 8 units.TBOS operates via RS422, therefore the inputs and outputs are differential pairs.  The pinout for theMANAGEMENT IN port is:pin 1 - Transmit- (out of TRACER)pin 3 - Transmit+ (out of TRACER)pin 5 - Receive- (in to TRACER)pin 7 - Receive+ (in to TRACER)The pinout for the MANAGEMENT OUT port is:pin 1 - Receive- (in to TRACER)pin 3 - Receive+ (in to TRACER)pin 5 - Transmit- (out of TRACER)pin 7 - Transmit+ (out of TRACER)The rear panel connectors are on a double-stack RJ45, so the pin numbers are opposite of each other:A TBOS monitoring system will need to define the following bitmaps to indicate status and alarmconditions.Figure 3-1.  Rear Panel Connectors            _______            |     |      ______|     |______      |                 |      |                 | MANAGEMENT OUT      |                 |      |                 | (TOP CONNECTOR)      |                 |PIN 8  |_|_|_|_|_|_|_|_|_| PIN 1      ___________________PIN 1  |_|_|_|_|_|_|_|_|_| PIN 8      |                 |      |                 | MANAGEMENT IN      |                 |      |                 | (BOTTOM CONNECTOR)      |_____      ______|            |    |            |____|
TRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual61280003L2-1BSection 3  Operation25PreliminaryChar. / Point      Type Scan Point Definition Description       1 / 1      Status Frequency Plan 0 = Plan A, 1 = Plan B       1 / 2      Status 10 Second BERT Test 0 = Normal, 1 = In Test       1 / 3      Status Local T1A Line Loopback 0 = Normal, 1 = Loop       1 / 4      Status Local T1B Line Loopback 0 = Normal, 1 = Loop       1 / 5      Status Local T1A Link Loopback 0 = Normal, 1 = Loop       1 / 6      Status Local T1B Link Loopback 0 = Normal, 1 = Loop       1 / 7      Status Remote T1A Link Loopback 0 = Normal, 1 = Loop       1 / 8      Status Remote T1B Link Loopback 0 = Normal, 1 = Loop       2 / 1      Alarm RFC Link Fail 0 = Normal, 1 = Alarm       2 / 2      Alarm Code Sync Fail 0 = Normal, 1 = Alarm       2 / 3      Alarm Carrier Sync Fail 0 = Normal, 1 = Alarm       2 / 4      Alarm T1 Mux Sync Fail (Link Err) 0 = Normal, 1 = Alarm       2 / 5      Alarm Remote RF Link Down 0 = Normal, 1 = Alarm       2 / 6      Alarm RF Low 0 = Normal, 1 = Alarm       2 / 7      Alarm Remote Test Fail 0 = Normal, 1 = Alarm       2 / 8 Unused       3 / 1      Alarm T1A BPV 0 = Normal, 1 = Alarm       3 / 2      Alarm T1A Red Alarm 0 = Normal, 1 = Alarm       3 / 3      Alarm T1A Yellow Alarm 0 = Normal, 1 = Alarm       3 / 4      Alarm T1A AIS (Blue Alarm) 0 = Normal, 1 = Alarm       3 / 5      Alarm T1A Transmit AIS 0 = Normal, 1 = Alarm       3 / 6 Unused       3 / 7 Unused       3 / 8 Unused       4 / 1      Alarm T1B BPV 0 = Normal, 1 = Alarm       4 / 2      Alarm T1B Red Alarm 0 = Normal, 1 = Alarm       4 / 3      Alarm T1B Yellow Alarm 0 = Normal, 1 = Alarm       4 / 4      Alarm T1B AIS (Blue Alarm) 0 = Normal, 1 = Alarm       4 / 5      Alarm T1B Transmit AIS 0 = Normal, 1 = Alarm       4 / 6 Unused       4 / 7 Unused       4 / 8 UnusedTable 3-1.  TRACER TBOS Alarm and Status MapA TBOS monitoring system will need to define the following bitmaps to indicate status and alarmconditions.
TRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual61280003L2-1BSection 3  Operation26 PreliminaryItem DescriptionFrequency Plan A = 2422 MHz TX, 2462 MHz RX or 5747 MHz Tx, 5827 MHz RxB = 2462 MHz TX, 2422 MHz Rx or 5827 MHz Tx, 5747 MHz Rx10 Second BERT Test Remote end sends BERT pattern for 10 secondsLocal T1A Line Loopback Loops local T1A interface towards local CPELocal T1B Line Loopback Loops local T1B interface towards local CPELocal T1A Link Loopback Loops local T1A interface towards remote CPE over the RF linkLocal T1B Link Loopback Loops local T1B interface towards remote CPE over the RF linkRemote T1A Link Loopback Loops remote T1A interface towards local CPE over the RF linkRemote T1B Link Loopback Loops remote T1B interface towards local CPE over the RF linkRFC Link Fail Active if the command link between the baseband processor and the RFconverter is downCode Sync Fail Active if the link fails to achieve code syncCarrier Sync Fail Active if the link fails to achieve carrier syncT1 Mux Sync Fail (Link Error) Active if the T1C Mux fails to achieve syncRemote RF Link Down Active if the remote Tracer unit is not receiving dataRF Low Active if receive power is below –80 dBmRemote Test Fail Active if  the 10 second BERT has failed over the RF link to the far endT1A  BPV Active when the T1A incoming data stream presents bipolar violationsT1A Red Alarm Active when there is no signal present at the T1A interfaceT1A Yellow Alarm Active when the far end T1A equipment is in red alarmT1A AIS (Blue Alarm) Active when the T1A DS1/DSX-1 is receiving a blue alarm code (all ones)T1A Transmit AIS Active when T1A is transmitting a blue alarm code (all ones)T1B  BPV Active when the T1B incoming data stream presents bipolar violationsT1B Red Alarm Active when there is no signal present at the T1B interfaceT1B Yellow Alarm Active when the far end T1B equipment is in red alarmT1B AIS (Blue Alarm) Active when the T1B DS1/DSX-1 is receiving a blue code (all ones)T1B Transmit AIS Active when the T1B DS1/DSX-1 is transmitting a blue code (all ones)Table 3-3.  Alarm, Status and Command OverviewCommand # Command Type Command Definition         1 Latch 10 Second Remote Test         2 Latch or Unlatch Local T1A Line Loopback         3 Latch or Unlatch Local T1B Line Loopback         4 Latch or Unlatch Local T1A Link Loopback         5 Latch or Unlatch Local T1B Link Loopback         6 Latch or Unlatch Remote T1A Link Loopback         7 Latch or Unlatch Remote T1B Link LoopbackTable 3-2.  TRACER TBOS Command Map
TRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual61280003L2-1BSection 3  Operation27PreliminaryAlarm Type Interface DescriptionMajor RF T1 Mux Sync Fail (Link Error)Minor RF RF LowMinor T1A Yellow AlarmMinor T1A Bipolar ViolationsMinor T1A Received AIS (Blue Alarm)Minor T1A Carrier LossMinor T1A Sync LossMinor T1A Data LossMinor T1B Yellow AlarmMinor T1B Bipolar ViolationsMinor T1B Received AIS (Blue Alarm)Minor T1B Carrier LossMinor T1B Sync LossMinor T1B Data LossMajor and minor alarm contacts are provided on the rear of the baseband processor.  A major alarmindicates the radio link is not operational.  A minor alarm indicates that system performance isdegraded or that the T1 interfaces are experiencing errors.Table 3-4.  Discreet Alarm Summary
TRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual61280003L2-1BSection 3  Operation28 PreliminaryRF DOWN SYSTEM STATUSIf there is an error condition on the RF link, the [RF UP] labels on the link map will be replaced by [RFDOWN] or [?????] labels.  During a RF error condition, it is not possible to receive status informationfrom the remote site.  However, when the RF link is intact, error conditions on any of the T1 interfacesare reported by the “T1A” and / or “T1B” labels becoming highlighted in reverse video.  If the error is onthe local TRACER, the T1 status menu can be accessed for complete alarm information.  If the error ison the remote unit, remote access can be utilized (via another menu option) to check the status of the T1interfaces at the remote end.CABLE CONNECTIONSThe cable connections required for various configurations are detailed in Appendix A of this manual.PASSWORDTRACER provides optional password protection of the terminal interface.  If enabled, a passwordprompt is presented at power-up, reboot, or after thirty minutes of inactivity on the terminal.  The defaultconfiguration is “No password.”  Password protection is enabled via the configuration menu.  Thepassword is also set via the configuration menu.If the password is forgotten, physical access to TRACER is required to access the terminal interface.The password may be bypassed by holding in the LPBK A button while the system is rebooted. This willbring up the terminal interface and allow the password to be changed or disabled via the configurationscreen.CAUTIONThis procedure is service-affecting.Figure 3-2.  System Status PageCurrent System StatusElapsed Time 00:01:09  -——-       Adtran Technical Support - 800/726-8663         --——T1AT1A ===|  |  / ->>--——>>—--—>>—--[??????]—--—>>—--—>>—--—>>-> \   |  |=== T1A          |  |#(-                                                -)# |  |T1BT1B ===|  |  \ -<<—--—<<—--—<<—--[RF DOWN]—--—<<—--—<<—--—<<- /   |  |=== T1B          ——--                                                       -—-—   Local  Tracer                                             Remote Tracer    Freq Plan A                                               Freq Plan ?         Tx Pwr  Rx Pwr                                Tx Pwr  Rx Pwr      Max [X]     [ ] Nominal                       Max [?]     [?] Nominal          [X]     [ ]                                   [?]     [?]          [X]     [ ]        Site: ADTRAN               [?]     [?]          [X]     [ ]                                   [?]     [?]          [X]     [ ]     RFC Link Up:   Yes            [?]     [?]          [X]     [ ]     Code Sync:     No             [?]     [?]          [X]     [ ]     Carrier Sync:  NoNo           [?]     [?]          [X]     [ ]     T1 Mux Sync:   Noo            [?]     [?]          [X]     [ ]     Chipping Code: 0              [?]     [?]          [X]     [ ]                                   [?]     [?]      Min [X]     [ ] Min                           Min [?]     [?] Min===========================================================================Press ‘m’ - Main menu:
TRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual61280003L2-1BSection 3  Operation29PreliminaryMAIN MENU SELECTIONSSystem Status PageThis page displays the status of major system components.  This is a status screen only; noconfigurations can be performed.  More detailed information can be obtained by way of the Main Menu.The upper portion of the screen indicates how long the system has been running since the last resetoperation.  The “T1A” and “T1B” labels will be highlighted if any error conditions exist on that T1interface.The status of the radio link is indicated as Up or Down.  The left portion of the screen reports the statusof the local system (the system to which the terminal is attached); the right portion reports the status ofthe remote system.  The approximate transmitter and receiver signal levels are shown via the “fuelgauges.”  If the link is down and remote end data is unavailable, the fuel gauges will show “-” instead of“x.” The Code Sync, Carrier Sync, and T1 Mux Sync will all be “yes” for an operational link.  Chippingcode indicates the code to which the system is set.  At any point in the VT-100 menu structure, pressingthe Escape key will bring the operator back to this screen.Figure 3-3. System Status PageCurrent System StatusElapsed Time 00:03:22Adtran Technical Support- 800/726-8663       ---——         -----T1A ===| C |  / --—>>—--—>>—--—>>-—[RF UP]->>—--—>>—--—>>—--—> \  | C |=== T1A       | S |#(-                                                -)#| S |T1B ===| U |  \ <—--—<<—--—<<—--—<<[RF UP]—--<<—--—<<—--—<<—-- /  | U |=== T1B       ---——                                                      ——---   Local  Tracer                                              Remote Tracer    Freq Plan A                                                  Freq Plan B         Tx Pwr  Rx Pwr                                 Tx Pwr  Rx Pwr      Max [X]     [X] Nominal                        Max [X]     [X] Nominal          [X]     [X]                                    [X]     [X]          [X]     [X]           Site: ADTRAN             [X]     [X]          [X]     [X]                                    [X]     [X]          [X]     [X]        RFC Link Up:   Yes          [X]     [X]          [X]     [X]        Code Sync:     Yes          [X]     [X]          [X]     [X]        Carrier Sync:  Yes          [X]     [X]          [X]     [X]        T1 Mux Sync:   Yes          [X]     [X]          [X]     [X]        Chipping Code: 0            [X]     [X]          [X]     [X]                                    [X]     [X]      Min [X]     [X] Min                           Min [X]     [X] Min===============================================================================Press ‘m’ - Main menu:
TRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual61280003L2-1BSection 3  Operation30 PreliminaryMain Menu PagePressing “M” on any screen will take the user to the Main Menu, from which the subsequent screens canbe accessed.T1 Status PageThe status of the two T1 interfaces is displayed on this screen.  Information such as alarm status, T1receive levels, line coding, and framing type are shown.  This is a status screen only.Figure 3-5. T1 Status PageTRACER T1 Status MenuSite: Adtran                        T1A                         T1BLoop/Normal State       Normal                      NormalReceived Signl Lvl      +2dB to -7.5dB              Less than -22.5dBRX LOS (Red) Alarm      No                          YesRX AIS (Blue) Alarm     No                          NoRX Yellow Alarm         No                          NoTX AIS (Blue) Alarm     No                          YesFraming                 ESF (*)                     ESF (*)Line Code               B8ZS (*)                    B8ZS (*)Line Build Out          DS1 0dB (*)                 DS1 0dB (*)(*) Indicates last set by front panel. Otherwise last set by terminal.===============================================================================Press ‘m’ - Main menuFigure 3-4. Main Menu PageTRACER Main Menu, Rev: A, 12/13/99 16:04:00Site: Adtran1) T1 Status Page2) Link Performance History3) T1A Performance History4) T1B Performance History5) Alarm Page6) Test Menu7) Configuration Menu8) Remote Access===============================================================================Press ESC for System Status:
TRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual61280003L2-1BSection 3  Operation31PreliminaryLink Performance HistoryThis screen presents detailed error statistics for the RF link.  The data is presented as RFCL (RadioFrequency Converter Link) and LINK (RF Link) representing seconds out of service for each.  TheRFCL represents the communications channel between the BBP and RFC via the IF interconnect cable.The counts for the most recent 24 hours are recorded in 15-minute increments.  Twenty-four-hour totalsare recorded for the most recent days.Channel A Statistics PageThis screen presents detailed error statistics for T1A.  The data is presented as Errored Seconds andSeverely Errored Seconds.  The counts for the most recent 24 hours are recorded in 15-minuteincrements.  Twenty-four-hour totals are recorded for the most recent days.Figure 3-6. Link Performance History PageTRACER Link Performance HistorySite: Adtran     24 Hour Registers                           15 Minute Registers       -RFCL-LINK--                         -RFCL-LINK------RFCL-LINK-        00000 00000     <—- Current -—>        000 000    -1: ----- -----                       - 1: --- ---    -17: --- ---    -2: ----- -----                       - 2: --- ---    -18: --- ---    -3: ----- -----                       - 3: --- ---    -19: --- ---    -4: ----- -----                       - 4: --- ---    -20: --- ---    -5: ----- -----                       - 5: --- ---    -21: --- ---    -6: ----- -----                       - 6: --- ---    -22: --- ---    -7: ----- -----                       - 7: --- ---    -23: --- ---                                          - 8: --- ---    -24: --- ---                                          - 9: --- ---    -25: --- ---                                          -10: --- ---    -26: --- ---                                          -11: --- ---    -27: --- ---                                          -12: --- ---    -28: --- ---                                          -13: --- ---    -29: --- ---                                          -14: --- ---    -30: --- ---                                          -15: --- ---    -31: --- ---                                          -16: --- ---    -32: --- ---===============================================================================Press ‘m’ - Main menu, ‘p’ - Prev pg, ‘n’ - Next pg:Figure 3-7. Channel A Statistics PageTRACER T1A Performance HistorySite: Adtran     24 Hour Registers                           15 Minute Registers       --ES---SES--                          --ES-SES----------ES-SES-        00000 00000     <—- Current -—>        000 000    -1: ----- -----                       - 1: --- ---    -17: --- ---    -2: ----- -----                       - 2: --- ---    -18: --- ---    -3: ----- -----                       - 3: --- ---    -19: --- ---    -4: ----- -----                       - 4: --- ---    -20: --- ---    -5: ----- -----                       - 5: --- ---    -21: --- ---    -6: ----- -----                       - 6: --- ---    -22: --- ---    -7: ----- -----                       - 7: --- ---    -23: --- ---                                          - 8: --- ---    -24: --- ---                                          - 9: --- ---    -25: --- ---                                          -10: --- ---    -26: --- ---                                          -11: --- ---    -27: --- ---                                          -12: --- ---    -28: --- ---                                          -13: --- ---    -29: --- ---                                          -14: --- ---    -30: --- ---                                          -15: --- ---    -31: --- ---                                          -16: --- ---    -32: --- ---===============================================================================Press ‘m’ - Main menu, ‘p’ - Prev pg, ‘n’ - Next pg:
TRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual61280003L2-1BSection 3  Operation32 Preliminary         TRACER Alarm PageSite: AdtranCode Sync Alarm         OffCarrier Sync Alarm      OffT1Mux Framer Alarm      Off                        T1A                       T1BRX LOS (Red) Alarm      Off                       OffRX AIS (Blue) Alarm     Off                       OffRX Yellow Alarm         Off                       OffBPV Alarm               Off                       OffTX AIS (Blue) Alarm     Off                       Off=====================================================================Press ‘m’ for Main Menu:Figure 3-9. Alarm PageChannel B Statistics PageThis screen presents detailed error statistics for T1B.  The data is presented as Errored Seconds andSeverely Errored Seconds.  The counts for the most recent 24 hours are recorded in 15-minuteincrements.  Twenty-four-hour totals are recorded for the most recent days.Alarm PageThis screen presents alarm information for the system.  The T1A or T1B alarms are described in thechapter entitled “Troubleshooting.” If any of the T1A or T1B alarms are active, a minor alarm will beindicated at the alarm contacts.  The RF link alarm will be activated when communication between theBBP and the RFC has failed.  Code Sync, Carrier Sync, and T1 Mux Framer alarms indicate that variousportions of the spread spectrum data pump are not operating.  Any of these alarms will cause a majoralarm to be activated at the alarm contacts.Figure 3-8. Channel B Statistics PageTRACER T1B Performance HistorySite: Adtran     24 Hour Registers                           15 Minute Registers       ---ES---SES--                           --ES-SES----------ES-SES-        00000 00000     <-- Current -->         000 000    -1: ----- -----                        - 1: --- ---    -17: --- ---    -2: ----- -----                        - 2: --- ---    -18: --- ---    -3: ----- -----                        - 3: --- ---    -19: --- ---    -4: ----- -----                        - 4: --- ---    -20: --- ---    -5: ----- -----                        - 5: --- ---    -21: --- ---    -6: ----- -----                        - 6: --- ---    -22: --- ---    -7: ----- -----                        - 7: --- ---    -23: --- ---                                           - 8: --- ---    -24: --- ---                                           - 9: --- ---    -25: --- ---                                          - 10: --- ---    -26: --- ---                                          - 11: --- ---    -27: --- ---                                          - 12: --- ---    -28: --- ---                                          - 13: --- ---    -29: --- ---                                          - 14: --- ---    -30: --- ---                                          - 15: --- ---    -31: --- ---                                          - 16: --- ---    -32: --- ---===============================================================================Press ‘m’ - Main menu, ‘p’ - Prev pg, ‘n’ - Next pg:
TRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual61280003L2-1BSection 3  Operation33PreliminaryTest MenuThis screen allows each T1 to be put into loopback mode.Each menu selection is described below:1. Loops the local T1-A Interface towards the local customer equipment.2. Loops the local T1-B Interface towards the local customer equipment.3. Loops the local T1-A interface towards the remote customer equipment, over the RF Link.4. Loops the local T1-B interface towards the remote customer equipment, over the RF Link.5. Loops the remote T1-A Interface towards the local customer equipment, over the RF Link.6. Loops the remote T1-B Interface towards the local customer equipment, over the RF Link.Figure 3-10. Test MenuTRACER Test MenuSite: Adtran1) Local T1A Line Loopback2) Local T1B Line Loopback3) Local T1A Link Loopback4) Local T1B Link Loopback5) Remote T1A Link Loopback6) Remote T1B Link Loopback===============================================================================Press ‘m’ - Main menu:Figure 3-11. T1 Loopback LocationsLocalT1-AT1-BRemoteT1-AT1-BRF Link346125
TRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual61280003L2-1BSection 3  Operation34 PreliminaryConfiguration MenuThis screen allows all system configurations to be performed.The menu selections are described below.T1A and T1B Framing allow each T1 to be configured for SF or ESF framing.T1A and T1B Line Code allow each T1 to be configured for AMI or B8ZS.T1A and T1B Line Buildout allow each T1 to be configured for the appropriate line buildout, based onthe distance to the T1 equipment.W A R N I N GIt is possible for the spreading code to be changed remotely through the VT-100 interface from theother end of the link.  When this is performed, communications will be lost to the far end.  Thespreading code will change to code “0” and communications will be lost as soon as this change ismade.  If this happens, set the Spreading Code on the local unit to code “0.”  The units should regaincommunications as soon as the correct code is selected.Set Chipping Code allows the chipping code to be selected.  Each end of the link must be configured forthe same chipping code.Set Tx Power allows the transmitter power to be adjusted.Set Freq Plan manually allows the frequency plan to be set to A or B.  One end of a link must be set toA and the other set to B. This function is automatically set when the BBP is attached to thecorresponding RFC.Reset All Statistics resets all the error counters.Enable/Disable Password allows password protection to be enabled or disabled.  The default setting isDisabled.Change Password allows the password to be set.Figure 3-12. Configuration MenuTRACER Configuration MenuSite: Adtran1) T1A Framing                          14) Enable/Disable T1 B2) T1A Line Code                        15) Change TBOS Display Number3) T1A Line Build Out                   16) Enable/Disable Modem Control4) T1B Framing                          17) Hangup Modem5) T1B Line Code6) T1B Line Build Out7) Set Chipping Code8) Set TX Power9) Set Freq Plan10) Reset all statistics11) Enable/Disable Password12) Change Password13) Change Site ID===============================================================================Press ‘m’ - Main menu:
TRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual61280003L2-1BSection 3  Operation35PreliminaryRemote Current System StatusElapsed Time 00:21:13       -----       ADTRAN Technical Support - 256/963-8716        -----       | C |  / ->>---->>---->>--->[RF UP]>---->>---->>---->>- \  | C | T1 ===| S |#(-                                                -)#| S |=== T1       | U |  \ -<<----<<----<<----[RF UP]<----<<----<<----<<- /  | U |       -----                                                      -----   Local  Tracer                                              Remote Tracer    Freq Plan B                                                Freq Plan A         Tx Pwr  Rx Pwr                                 Tx Pwr  Rx Pwr      Max [ ]     [X] Nominal                        Max [ ]     [X] Nominal          [ ]     [X]                                    [ ]     [X]          [ ]     [X]           Site: Adtran             [ ]     [X]          [ ]     [X]                                    [ ]     [X]          [X]     [X]        RFC Link Up:   Yes          [X]     [X]          [X]     [X]        Code Sync:     Yes          [X]     [X]          [X]     [X]        Carrier Sync:  Yes          [X]     [X]          [X]     [X]        E1 Link Sync:  Yes          [X]     [X]          [X]     [X]        Chipping Code: 9            [X]     [X]          [X]     [X]                                    [X]     [X]      Min [X]     [X] Min                            Min [X]     [X] Min==============================================================================Press 'm' - Main menu, '~' to exit remote mode:Figure 3-13.  Remote Current System StatusSite ID allows a string of up to 32 characters to be entered as a site identifier.Enable T1 B disables Alarm and LEDs related to T1-B, but will pass T1 data.TBOS # changes the TBOS Equipment ID.Enable Modem Control enables modem control leads on RS 232 port. See Modem Connection underOperation Section.Hangup Modem lowers the DSR signal, which becomes DTR after passing through the null modemadapter. When modem is configured to disconnect on loss of DTR, the connection will drop.REMOTE ACCESSThis allows access to the remote radio via the RF communications link.  When accessed, the user will beable to identify remote mode by each screen titled "Remote."  The remote menus are accessed via a 2400bps link causing screen refresh to be slower than local mode.  All pages are displayed as if the user wereconnected to the VT-100 terminal at the remote end of the link.  Every screen that can be accessed at thelocal radio can be accessed at the remote radio via this option.
TRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual61280003L2-1BSection 3  Operation36 Preliminary
GENERALIf you experience a problem with the TRACER system, check to ensure that all connectors, coaxialcables, antennae and T1s are all properly connected; and that the system configuration ensures propertransmit and receive levels for the RF equipment.  Then, if the problem persists, follow the actionsrecommended in this section. For further assistance, call ADTRAN Technical Support at(800) 726-8663.N O T EEach TRACER is completely system-tested and all specifications verified prior to shipment.  Mostproblems on a new link tend to have installation-related solutions.PROBLEM DESCRIPTIONS AND RECOMMENDED ACTIONSEach problem described below is followed by a list of Possible Causes, each of which is followed by anumber (or numbers) corresponding to a Recommended Action (or Actions).I M P O R T A N TIf problems persist after you have followed the Recommended Actions, contact ADTRAN TechnicalSupport at (800) 726-8663.Troubleshooting using the front panel indicators“Link Error” light is lit, or Link is DownThis alarm will activate when the RF link is not operational.Recommended ActionPossible Cause (see list below)•The RF link is down. ..............................................................................1-10•The RX power is below the -91 dBm threshold (-90 dBm 5.8 GHz)..1-4,7-10•The far-end transmitter is off, or is transmitting low power ........... 1-4,7-10•The RF path is not aligned...................................................................1,2,10•Water is in the antenna feedhorn or connectors ....................................... 1,4•Both units are set to the same frequency ................................................ 5,10•Both units are not set to the same PN code ................................................. 6•The connection between the BBP and the RFC is faulty. .................. 1,7-10•The connection between the RFC and the antenna is faulty. ............. 1,7-10•The BBP or RFC is faulty.......................................................................... 10TRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual 37SECTION 4  TROUBLESHOOTINGPreliminary
TRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual61280003L2-1BSection 4  Troubleshooting38 PreliminaryRecommended Actions:1. Check the RX power using the VT-100 user interface or RSSI voltage.2. Check the far-end transmitter for operation and proper transmit power.3. Check the RF path using a spectrum analyzer or RSSI voltages for proper alignment.  Havepath professionally re-aligned and check system path engineering.4. Check the antenna feedhorn and all outdoor connections for water.5. Verify same antenna polarity is used at both ends.6. Change the frequency of one radio through the VT-100 user interface or front panel button.7. Set both units to the same PN code.8. Check all connections between the BBP, the RFC, and the antenna.9. Check the IF and RF cables for shorts.10. Check the connections inside the mastmount or rackmount RFC.11. Replace the RFC.“BPV” light on T1-A or B is litThis alarm will activate when the incoming T1 stream presents BPVs.Recommended ActionPossible Cause (see list below)•The incoming T1 contains BPVs or errors. ................................................. 1•The line codes between DS1/DSX-1 equipment and theTRACER are incompatible.......................................................................... 2Recommended Actions:1. Check the incoming DS1/DSX-1 signal for BPVs using a T1 test set.2. Correct the line code on the TRACER or DS1/DSX-1 equipment.RED light on T1-A or B is litThis alarm (Loss of Signal) will activate when there is no signal present at the T1 interface.Recommended ActionPossible Cause (see list below)•No DS1/DSX-1 signal or a degraded DS1/DSX-1 signal is presentat the DS1/DSX-1 input............................................................................ 1,2•The connection at the T1 input or DS1/DSX-1 equipment is faulty........... 2I M P O R T A N TIf problems persist after you have followed the Recommended Actions, contact ADTRAN TechnicalSupport at (800) 726-8663.
TRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual61280003L2-1BSection 4  Troubleshooting39PreliminaryRecommended Actions:1. Verify the presence of a DS1/DSX-1 signal at the T1 monitor jack using a T1 test set.2. Verify that all cables and connectors are correctly wired.“LBK-A” or “LBK-B” is litThis alarm will activate when a software or manual T1 loopback has been established.Recommended ActionPossible Cause (see list below)•A loopback has been commanded from the VT-100 user interface. ........ 1,2•The “LBK-A” or “LBK-B” button has been pressed. .............................. 1,2Recommended Actions:1. Through the VT-100 user interface, deactivate the loopback in the Loopback Menu.2. Press the “LBK-A” or “LBK-B” button to deactivate the loopback.“AIS/YEL” on T1-A or T1-B is litThe AIS/YEL light will flash for AIS when the DS1/DSX-1 input receives a “blue code” (a string of2316 1s with no more than one zero). The indicator will remain on (solid) if a YEL signal is present onthe T1.Recommended ActionPossible Cause (see list below)•For AIS, the DS1/DSX-1 equipment is sending a “blue code”(all 1s) to the T1 input. ............................................................................. 1,2•For YEL, the received T1 is receiving a yellow signal from thefar-end T1, indicating the far-end T1 is RED. .........................................3-5Recommended Actions:1. Reset the T1 equipment and verify normal operation.2. Verify the presence of a DS1/DSX-1 signal at the T1 monitor jack using a T1 test set.3. Check the far-end equipment for alarms or a red condition.4. Check the T1 connections at the far-end equipment.5. Reset the far-end equipment.I M P O R T A N TIf problems persist after you have followed the Recommended Actions, contact ADTRAN TechnicalSupport at (800) 726-8663.
TRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual61280003L2-1BSection 4  Troubleshooting40 Preliminary“AIS/YEL” indicator is flashingThis alarm is activated when the T1 interface at the remote end is not receiving a T1 signal (it is in Redalarm). In this circumstance the interface with the flashing AIS/YEL indicator is transmitting an AIS(keep alive) signal.Recommended ActionPossible Cause (see list below)• No DS1/DSX-1 signal or a degraded DS1/DSX-1 signal is presentat  the DS1/DSX-1 input........................................................................... 1,2• The connection at the T1 input or DS1/DSX-1 equipment is faulty........... 2Recommended Actions:1. Verify the presence of a DS1/DSX-1 signal at the T1 monitor jack using a T1 test set.2. Verify that all cables and connectors are properly wired.No “Power” LightRecommended ActionPossible Cause (see list below)• DC voltage is not applied. .....................................................................1,2,4• The polarity of the power connection is reversed. ...................................... 2• The AC transformer is not functioning properly...................................... 3,4• The AC transformer is not connected to the DC jack on the BBP,or not connected to AC outlet................................................................... 3,4Recommended Actions:1. Verify that the DC voltage is between 21-60 VDC (±).2. Verify that negative voltage is applied to the negative terminal, and positive voltage appliedto the positive terminal.3. Verify that the “Power” light is lit on the AC transformer.4. Verify that the AC transformer is connected to an AC power cord on the transformer, andconnected to the DC jack on the BBP.  Verify that the AC power cord is connected to an ACoutlet. Verify that the AC outlet has proper AC voltage present.I M P O R T A N TIf problems persist after you have followed the Recommended Actions, contact ADTRAN TechnicalSupport at (800) 726-8663.
TRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual61280003L2-1BSection 4  Troubleshooting41Preliminary“Test” light is lit or blinkingThe test alarm will remain on (solid) during power-up, indicating a self-test is in progress. The light willflash or remain on (solid) if the self-test fails.Recommended ActionPossible Cause (see list below)• One-flash interval indicates a RAM test failure. ......................................... 1• Two-flash interval indicates the T1-C mux failed internal test................... 1• Three-flash interval indicates the T1-A framer failed................................. 1• Four-flash interval indicates the T1-B framer failed................................... 1• Five-flash interval indicates a DSP failure. ................................................. 1• On (solid) indicates a faulty internal component. ....................................... 1Recommended Actions:1. Replace the BBP or the RFC.“TST” light is lit after pressing “Remote Test” buttonThe Remote Test light will activate during a remote test in progress. The Remote Test performs a10-second bit error rate test (BERT) over the RF link to the far-end.Recommended ActionPossible Cause (see list below)• A Remote Test has been activated from the front panel “Remote Test”button or the VT-100 user interface. ........................................................... 1Recommended Actions:1. Allow the remote test to complete. If the Remote Test Fail light does not activate, the remotetest passed. If the Remote Test Fail light activates, see section on FAIL light is lit afterpressing Remote Test button.I M P O R T A N TIf problems persist after you have followed the Recommended Actions, contact ADTRAN TechnicalSupport at (800) 726-8663.
TRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual61280003L2-1BSection 4  Troubleshooting42 PreliminaryI M P O R T A N TIf problems persist after you have followed the Recommended Actions, contact ADTRAN TechnicalSupport at (800) 726-8663.“Fail” light is lit after pressing “Remote Test” buttonThe Remote Fail light will activate after a Remote Test has failed.Recommended ActionPossible Cause (see list below)•The 10-second BERT has failed over the RF link to the far-end. ............... 1•The RX power may be below or near the -91 dbm threshold(-90 dBm 5.8 GHz) ....................................................................................... 1Recommended Actions:1. Check the RX power level using the VT-100 user interface or the RSSI DC voltage testpoints. Verify the RX power is between -55 and -91 dBm (-90 dBm 5.8 GHz).“RF Low” light is onThis alarm will activate if the RX power is below -80 dbm.Recommended ActionPossible Cause (see list below)•The RX power is below -80 dBm. ..................................................... 1-5,7,8•The far-end transmitter is off, or is transmitting low power. ............ 2-5,7,8•The RF path is not aligned........................................................................ 3,8•Water is in the antenna feedhorn or connectors. ...................................... 4,8Recommended Actions:1. Verify the RX power is between -55 and -91 dBm (-90 dBm 5.8 GHz) using the VT-100 userinterface or RSSI DC voltage test points.2. Check the far-end transmitter for operation and proper transmit power.3. Check the RF path using a spectrum analyzer or RSSI voltages for proper alignment. Havepath professionally re-aligned and check system path engineering.4. Check the antenna feedhorn and all outdoor connections for water.5. Check all connections between the BBP, the RFC, and the antenna.6. Check the IF and RF cables for shorts.7. Check the connections inside the mastmount or rackmount RFC.8. Replace the RFC.
TRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual61280003L2-1BSection 4  Troubleshooting43PreliminaryI M P O R T A N TIf problems persist after you have followed the Recommended Actions, contact ADTRAN TechnicalSupport at (800) 726-8663.Troubleshooting Using the VT-100 User InterfaceThis section provides information for troubleshooting the Alarm Menu on the VT-100 user interface. Theconditions present in the Alarm Menu are software indications and should match the front panel LEDindications.RED AlarmThis alarm will activate when there is no signal present at the T1 interface.  This alarm is the same as aRED alarm on the front panel.Recommended ActionPossible Cause (see list below)•No DS1/DSX-1 signal or a degraded DS1/DSX-1 signal is presentat the DS1/DSX-1 input............................................................................ 1,2•The connection at the T1 input or DS1/DSX-1 equipment is faulty........... 2Recommended Actions:1. Verify the presence of a DS1/DSX-1 signal at the T1 monitor jack using a T1 test set.2. Verify that all cables and connectors are correctly wired.BPV AlarmThe BPV alarm will activate whenever the incoming T1 stream presents BPVs.Recommended ActionPossible Cause (see list below)•The incoming T1 contains BPVs or errors. ................................................. 1•The line codes between the DS1/DSX-1 equipment and theTRACER are incompatible.......................................................................... 2Recommended Actions:1. Check the incoming DS1/DSX-1 signal for BPVs using a T1 test set.2. Correct the line code on the TRACER or DS1/DSX-1 equipment.
TRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual61280003L2-1BSection 4  Troubleshooting44 PreliminaryYEL/AIS AlarmThis alarm indicator will flash  when a T1 Yellow alarm occurs. The indicator will remain on (solid) toindicator an AIS alarm when the DS1/DSX-1 is receiving a blue code (a string of 2316 1’s with no morethan 1 zero).Recommended ActionPossible Cause (see list below)•The DS1/DSX-1 equipment is sending a “blue code” (all 1’s)to the T1 input........................................................................................... 1,2•The far-end equipment is in a red condition andtransmitting a yellow alarm. .....................................................................3-5Recommended Actions:1. Reset the upstream equipment and verify normal operation.2. Verify the presence of a DS1/DSX-1 signal at the T1 monitor jack using a T1 test set.3. Check the far-end equipment for alarms or a red condition.4. Check the T1 connections at the far-end equipment.5. Reset the far-end equipment.RF Link Alarm or Code Sync AlarmThe RF Link Alarm will activate when the link is down or not operational.  The Code Sync Alarm willactivate when data synchronization has not been achieved between the RF link.Recommended ActionPossible Cause (see list below)•The RF link is down. ..............................................................................1-10•The RX power is below the -91 dbm threshold............................... 1-4,7-10•The far-end transmitter is off, or is transmitting low power. .......... 1-4,7-10•The RF path is not aligned...................................................................1,3,10•Water is in the antenna feedhorn or connectors. ...................................... 1,4•Both units are set to the same frequency. ............................................... 5,10•Both units are not set to the same PN code. ................................................ 6•The connection between the BBP and the RFC is faulty. .................. 1,7-10•The connection between the RFC and the antenna is faulty. ............. 1,7-10•The BBP or RFC is faulty.......................................................................... 10I M P O R T A N TIf problems persist after you have followed the Recommended Actions, contact ADTRAN TechnicalSupport at (800) 726-8663.
TRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual61280003L2-1BSection 4  Troubleshooting45PreliminaryRecommended Actions:1. Check the RX power using the VT-100 user interface or RSSI voltage.2. Check the far-end transmitter for operation and proper transmit power.3. Check the RF path using a spectrum analyzer or RSSI voltages for proper alignment. Havepath professionally re-aligned and check system path engineering.4. Check the antenna feedhorn and all outdoor connections for water.5. Verify both ends have same antenna polarization.6. Change the frequency of one radio through the VT-100 user interface or front panel button.7. Set both units to the same PN code.8. Check all connections between the BBP, the RFC, and the antenna.9. Check the IF and RF cables for shorts.10. Check connections inside the mastmount or rackmount RFC.11. Replace the RFC.Carrier Sync Alarm or T1 Mux Framer AlarmThe Carrier Sync alarm will activate when frequency synchronization has not been achieved between theRF link.  The T1 Mux Framer alarm will activate when synchronization between the T1 mux on eachradio has not been achieved.Recommended ActionPossible Cause (see list below)•The RF link is down. ..............................................................................1-10•The RX power is below the -91 dBm threshold (-90 dBm 5.8 GHz)..1-4,7-10•The far-end transmitter is off, or is transmitting low power. .......... 1-4,7-10•The RF path is not aligned...................................................................1,3,10•Water is in the antenna feedhorn or connectors. ...................................... 1,4•Both units are set to the same frequency. ............................................... 5,10•Both units are not set to the same PN code. ................................................ 6•The connection between the BBP and the RFC is faulty. .................. 1,7-10•The connection between the RFC and the antenna is faulty. ............. 1,7-10•The BBP or RFC is faulty.......................................................................... 10I M P O R T A N TIf problems persist after you have followed the Recommended Actions, contact ADTRAN TechnicalSupport at (800) 726-8663.
TRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual61280003L2-1BSection 4  Troubleshooting46 PreliminaryRecommended Actions:1. Check the RX power using the VT-100 user interface or RSSI voltage.2. Check the far-end transmitter for operation and proper transmit power.3. Check the RF path using a spectrum analyzer or RSSI voltages for proper alignment. Havepath professionally re-aligned and check system path engineering.4. Check the antenna feedhorn and all outdoor connections for water.5. Verify both ends have same antenna polarization.6. Change the frequency of one radio through the VT-100 user interface or front panel button.7. Set both units to the same PN code.8. Check all connections between the BBP, the RFC, and the antenna.9. Check the IF and RF cables for shorts.10. Check connections inside the mastmount or rackmount RFC.11. Replace the RFC.ES Values in T1 Status MenuThis value indicates the number of Errored Seconds in the T1 data stream.Recommended ActionPossible Cause (see list below)•In an AMI-coded T1, a BPV or frame bit error has occurred. .................... 1•In an ESF-coded T1, a BPV or CRC error has occurred............................. 1Recommended Actions:1. Check the T1 signal with a BERT test set to determine origin of error.SES Values in History MenuThis value indicates the number of Severely Errored Seconds in the T1 data stream.Recommended ActionPossible Cause (see list below)•In an AMI-coded T1, 1544 BPVs or 8 frame bit errors have occurred. ..... 1•In an ESF-coded T1, 1544 BPVs or 320 CRC errors have occurred. ......... 1Recommended Action:1. Check the T1 signal with a BERT test set to determine origin of error.I M P O R T A N TIf problems persist after you have followed the Recommended Actions, contact ADTRAN TechnicalSupport at (800) 726-8663.
This section lists the specifications for the TRACER system.TransmitterOutput Power......+20 dBm, max, for 1 watt 2.4 GHz, factory setting is +27 dBmFrequency Range............................... 2400 to 2483.5 MHz, or 5725 to 5850 MHzChannel Bandwidth ......40 MHz (2.4 GHz) (two channels) or 62 MHz (5.7 GHz)I/F ........................................................................................................... 140 MHzReceiverReceive Level, range ... -30 to -91 dBm (-90 dBm, 5.8 GHz) (10-6 BER minimum)Receive Level, maximum.......................................................................... -30 dBmReceive Level, nominal............................................................................. -60 dBmIF ............................................................................................................. 70 MHzFrequency PlanPlan A  2.4 GHz ......................................................Tx 2.422 GHz, Rx 2.462 GHzPlan B  2.4 GHz.......................................................Tx 2.462 GHz, Rx 2.422 GHzPlan A  5.8 GHz ........................................................Tx 5747 GHz, Rx 5827 GHzPlan B  5.8 GHz.........................................................Tx 5827 GHz, Rx 5747 GHzSpread Spectrum Data PumpModulation .................................................................................................... QPSKSpreading Method ......................................................................... Direct sequenceCode Length ............................................................................................... 120 bitsProcessing Gain ........................................................................................... >12 dBNumber of Codes ................................................................................................ 10Chipping Rate............................................................................................ 12 timesInterface SpecificationsCapacity .........................................................................................................2 x T1Connection .................................................................................... RJ-48C, bantamLine Code ............................................................................................. AMI, B8ZSFraming ...................................................................................................... SF, ESFAlarms ............................................................................. AIS, Red, Yellow, BPVsLoopbacks ......................................................... Local and remote, per T1 channelUser InterfaceFront Panel ........................ Alarm LEDs, Configuration Switches, Monitor JacksDiagnostics .................................. T1 Loopback, Remote Test with built-in BERTTest Points .......................................RSSI, System Voltages, QPSK ConstellationVT-100 Terminal.........Menu-Driven User Interface, Control of the Remote End,Password Protected (Optional), Event HistoryTRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual 47SECTION 5  SPECIFICATIONSPreliminary
TRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual61280003L2-1BSection 5  Specifications48 PreliminaryVT-100 Terminal InterfaceData Rate ............................................................................................... 9600 bpsData Bits ............................................................................................................. 8Parity ........................................................................................................... NoneStop Bits ............................................................................................................. 1Terminal Emulation................................................................................. VT-100Mechanical & EnvironmentalBaseband ProcessorOperating Temperature .................................................................-25°C to 65°CSize ........................................................................................19" x 1.75" x 10.5"Humidity........................................................................... 95%, Non-condensingWeight ......................................................................................................... 6 lbs.Rack RFCOperating Temperature .................................................................-40°C to 65°CSize ........................................................................................19" x 1.75" x 11.5"Humidity........................................................................... 95%, Non-condensingWeight ......................................................................................................... 6 lbs.Mast UnitOperating Temperature .................................................................-40°C to 65°CSize .................................................................................. 21" high x 9" diameterHumidity......................................................................................................100%Weight ....................................................................................................... 18 lbs.PowerInput Voltage ................ 21 to 60 volts DC, either polarity referenced to groundPower Consumption ............................................................................... 30 wattsConnector ..... 3 pin DIN (AC adapter), 3 pin screw clamp terminal block (DC)
WARRANTYADTRAN will replace or repair this product within five years from the date of shipment if it does notmeet its published specifications or fails due to defects in materials and workmanship.For detailed warranty, repair, and return information, refer to the ADTRAN Equipment Warranty,Repair, and Return Policy and Procedure located on the ADTRAN web site at http://www.adtran.com.SALESFor TRACER sales information, contact Adtran Sales at:(888) 3ADTRAN or http://www.adtran.com/wirelessTECHNICAL SUPPORTStandard support hours are 7 a.m. to 7 p.m. CST, Monday through Friday.  Emergency technical supportis available 24 hours a day, seven days a week.For technical support at any time, contact ADTRAN at:(800) 726-8663REPAIRS AND RETURNSReturn Material Authorization (RMA) is required prior to returning equipment to ADTRAN.For RMA information, contact ADTRAN at:(800) 726-8663or    ADTRAN, Inc.Customer Service DepartmentP.O. Box 140000  /  901 Explorer BoulevardHuntsville, Alabama 35814-4000When returning faulty equipment, please include the RMA number on the shipping label.TRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual 49SECTION 6  WARRANTY, ORDERING AND RETURNPreliminary
TRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual61280003L2-1BSection 6  Warranty, Ordering and Return Information50 Preliminary
ACRONYMS USED IN THIS MANUALAMI ........................................................ Alternate Mark InversionB8ZS.......................................................Bipolar 8 zero substitutionBER ........................................................ Bit error rateBBP ........................................................Baseband ProcessorCRC ........................................................Cyclic Redundancy CheckDCE ........................................................Data Communications EquipmentDTE ........................................................ Data Terminal EquipmentESF .........................................................Extended superframeFCC ........................................................Federal Communications CommissionFEC.........................................................Forward error correctionIF .........................................................Intermediate FrequencyISM .........................................................Industrial, Scientific, and MedicalLBK ........................................................LoopbackQPSK ......................................................Quadrature Phase Shift KeyingRF .........................................................Radio frequencyRFC ........................................................Radio frequency converterRSSI........................................................Received signal strength indicatorRx .........................................................ReceiveSF .........................................................SuperframeTx .........................................................TransmitTRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual 51 GLOSSARYPreliminary
TRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual61280003L2-1BGlossary52 Preliminary
The cable connections required for various configurations are detailed below.Terminal Connection  (DB25)TRACER (DCE) Terminal (DTE)Number Name Number Name2 .............. TXD 2............. TXD3 ..............RXD 3 ............. RXD4 .............. RTS 4..............RTS5 .............. CTS 5..............CTS6 .............. DSR 6............. DSR7 ............ Ground 7 ........... GroundPersonal Computer Connection (DB9)   TRACER (DCE) Computer (DTE)Number Name Number Name2 .............. TXD 3 ............. TXD3 ..............RXD 2 ............. RXD4 .............. RTS 7..............RTS5 .............. CTS 8..............CTS6 .............. DSR 6............. DSR7 ............ Ground 5 ........... GroundModem Connection (DB25)  TRACER (DCE) Modem (DCE)Number Name Number Name2 .............. TXD 3............. RXD3 ..............RXD 2 ............. TXD4 .............. RTS 5..............CTS5 .............. CTS 4..............RTS6 .............. DSR 20 ............ DTR7 ............ Ground 7 ........... GroundTRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual IAPPENDIX A  CABLE CONNECTIONSPreliminary
TRACER 2xT1 User’s Manual61280003L2-1BAppendix A  Cable ConnectionsII PreliminaryTELEMETRY BYTE ORIENTED SERIAL (TBOS) MANAGEMENT CONNECTIONS(RJ48)TBOS operates via RS422, therefore the inputs and outputs are differential pairs.  The pinout for theMANAGEMENT IN port is:pin 1 - Transmit- (out of TRACER)pin 3 - Transmit+ (out of TRACER)pin 5 - Receive- (in to TRACER)pin 7 - Receive+ (in to TRACER)The pinout for the MANAGEMENT OUT port is:pin 1 - Receive- (in to TRACER)pin 3 - Receive+ (in to TRACER)pin 5 - Transmit- (out of TRACER)pin 7 - Transmit+ (out of TRACER)The rear panel connectors are on a double-stack RJ45, so the pin numbers are opposite of each other:A TBOS monitoring system will need to define the following bitmaps to indicate status and alarmconditions.Figure 3-1.  Rear Panel Connectors            _______            |     |      ______|     |______      |                 |      |                 | MANAGEMENT OUT      |                 |      |                 | (TOP CONNECTOR)      |                 |PIN 8  |_|_|_|_|_|_|_|_|_| PIN 1      ___________________PIN 1  |_|_|_|_|_|_|_|_|_| PIN 8      |                 |      |                 | MANAGEMENT IN      |                 |      |                 | (BOTTOM CONNECTOR)      |_____      ______|            |    |            |____|

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