Applied Concepts 31XXXXXX Notebook With Wireless LAN Module Document ID

Averatec Inc., Notebook With Wireless LAN Module Document ID

Users Manual

S®PATROLMoving Police Radar Operator 's Manual PROPRIETARY – COPYING AND REPRODUCING RESTRICTED applied concepts, inc. 2609 Technology Drive Plano, TX 75074 Phone (972) 398-3780 Fax (972) 398-3781 Toll Free Sales 1-800-STALKERToll Free Service 1-877-STALKERsales@a-concepts.comwww.stalkerradar.com011-0114-00 Rev A
Regulatory Statement This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: 1. This device may not cause harmful interference, and 2. This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation. Changes or modifications not expressly approved by Applied Concepts, Inc. could void the user's authority to operate the equipment.
Dear Valued Radar Customer: Thank you for choosing the S PATROL Radar System. We sincerely appreciate you purchasing the S PATROL and giving us the opportunity of serving you and your department. You will find the S PATROL to be an invaluable tool in controlling speed violators and making your streets and highways safer. Most importantly, we care about you, our customer, and want you to be completely satisfied. Our success as a company depends upon your satisfaction and experience with the S PATROL Radar. Applied Concepts, Inc. believes that the S PATROL offers more than superior performance and versatility. S PATROL is backed 100% with reliable, professional, and experienced sales and service support, ready to assist you at your request. We also offer the strongest warranty in the industry, with nationwide factory authorized repair centers to assure you of fast and efficient service. We wish you the greatest success in your speed enforcement program. Please do not hesitate to let us know if there is anything we may do to add to your product satisfaction. Thanks again! Sincerely, Applied Concepts, Inc. S PATROL is covered by one or more of the following United States Patents: 5,525,996 5,528,245 5,563,603 5,565,871 5,570,093 5,691,724 6,501,418 B1 7,411,544 In addition, other United States Patents are pending. ©2010-2011 Applied Concepts, Inc. STALKER is a registered trademark of Applied Concepts, Inc. Notice of Trade Secret. This Operator’s Manual contains trade secret and protected information that is exempted from public and/or unauthorized disclosure under various state laws, federal laws, and the definition of trade secret under the Restatement of Torts. Unauthorized or public disclosure of this Operator’s Manual may cause substantial competitive injury or harm to Applied Concepts, Inc. APPLIED CONCEPTS, INC. SPECIFICALLY ASSERTS ALL OF ITS APPLICABLE PRIVILEGES AND EXCEPTIONS TO PROTECT ITS TRADE SECRETS AND PREVENT UNAUTHORIZED PUBLICATION AND DISCLOSURE OF THE OPERATOR’S MANUAL. Standard of Care. You agree not to use this Operator’s Manual for any purpose other than in connection with police radar enforcement. You agree that the standard of care which you shall use in preventing disclosure of the Operator’s Manual to third parties shall be at least the same care that you would take in preserving the confidentiality of your own sensitive information and classified documents. You also agree to exercise reasonable care in overseeing those with access to the Operator’s Manual, and shall limit such access to only those of who have a need to know.
TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................................................. 1INSTALLATION ............................................................................................................................................................... 1THEORY OF OPERATION .............................................................................................................................................. 1DISPLAY OPERATION.................................................................................................................................................... 3Display Front Panel ........................................................................................................................................................ 3Display Unit Functions ................................................................................................................................................... 3Audible Indicators .......................................................................................................................................................... 4ERGONOMIC REMOTE CONTROL FUNCTIONS ....................................................................................................... 5OPERATING THE STALKER PATROL ......................................................................................................................... 8Stationary Mode Speed Measurement ............................................................................................................................ 8Opposite Lane Moving Mode Speed Measurement ........................................................................................................ 8Same Lane Moving Mode Speed Measurement ............................................................................................................. 9Patrol Speed Shadowing Effect ...................................................................................................................................... 9Low-End Patrol Speed Selection .................................................................................................................................. 10Range (Sensitivity) Adjustment .................................................................................................................................... 10Doppler Audio .............................................................................................................................................................. 11Beep Tones ................................................................................................................................................................... 11Display Lighting ........................................................................................................................................................... 11Patrol Speed Blanking .................................................................................................................................................. 12Software Version .......................................................................................................................................................... 12Transmitter Frequency .................................................................................................................................................. 12FASTER SPEED TRACKING THEORY ....................................................................................................................... 13SAME LANE THEORY .................................................................................................................................................. 14Same Lane Operation.................................................................................................................................................... 14Doppler Signal Processing ............................................................................................................................................ 14Same Lane Examples .................................................................................................................................................... 15INTERFERENCE SOURCES AND REMEDIES ........................................................................................................... 17Terrain .......................................................................................................................................................................... 17Rain ............................................................................................................................................................................... 17Electrical Noise ............................................................................................................................................................. 17Vehicle Ignition Noise .................................................................................................................................................. 17Fan Noise ...................................................................................................................................................................... 17Interference From Other Transmitters .......................................................................................................................... 18Power Supply ................................................................................................................................................................ 18No Power ...................................................................................................................................................................... 18TESTING ......................................................................................................................................................................... 18Periodic Calibration ...................................................................................................................................................... 18Power-On Self-Test ...................................................................................................................................................... 18Internal Circuit-Test ...................................................................................................................................................... 19Automatic Self-Test ...................................................................................................................................................... 19Stationary Mode Tuning Fork Test ............................................................................................................................... 20Opposite Lane Moving Mode Tuning Fork Test ......................................................................................................... 20Same Lane Moving Mode Tuning Fork Test ................................................................................................................ 20Moving-Vehicle Test .................................................................................................................................................... 21VEHICLE SPEED SENSOR (VSS) OPERATION ......................................................................................................... 21Traffic Radar Patrol Speed Measurement ..................................................................................................................... 21The VSS Speedometer Signal ....................................................................................................................................... 21The Result is PERFECT Patrol Speed .......................................................................................................................... 21VSS Cable Installation .................................................................................................................................................. 21Automatic VSS Calibration .......................................................................................................................................... 22First Time Calibration (or Installing the Radar in a New Vehicle) .............................................................................. 22Automatic Moving / Stationary Selection .................................................................................................................... 22
Low Speed Speedometer Problems .............................................................................................................................. 22LEGAL REQUIREMENTS ............................................................................................................................................. 23FCC Requirements ........................................................................................................................................................ 23Case Law ...................................................................................................................................................................... 23MICROWAVE RADIATION .......................................................................................................................................... 24STALKER PATROL EMISSIONS ................................................................................................................................. 25REQUIRED MAINTENANCE ........................................................................................................................................ 25TROUBLESHOOTING ................................................................................................................................................... 25STALKER PATROL MOUNTING OPTIONS ............................................................................................................... 26STALKER PATROL OPTIONS ...................................................................................................................................... 28WARRANTY ................................................................................................................................................................... 29
1 INTRODUCTION S PATROL is a K-Band speed-measuring radar that can be mounted in a variety of ways, and is operational with one or two antennas. Utilizing a state-of-the-art Digital Signal Processor (DSP), S PATROL provides a level of performance, convenience, and accuracy previously unavailable. The DSP performs the critical filtering and timing functions required for speed measurement in its software, as opposed to its hardware. This provides less unit-to-unit variation, more reliable performance, and easier maintenance. The unique feature of the S PATROL is that it can be upgraded in the future by simply reprogramming the flash memory chip, preventing obsolescence! S PATROL operates in K-Band (24.15 GHz) and provides a hold mode. Both K-Band operation and the hold feature reduce the possibility of detection by radar detectors. Target-speed locking, Track-thru-Lock speed, Faster Speed Tracking, and the Doppler audio capability assist the operator in positive target identification and provide operating convenience. INSTALLATION S PATROL consists of a counting unit with integrated display; one or two antenna units; and a wireless/wired remote control unit. S PATROL is powered from the 12-volt vehicle power system using a Power Cable from the counting unit. Each system component should be installed in a location that provides good operator visibility and convenience, but does not obscure the road or interfere with air bag operation. The K-Band antenna units are fully waterproof and can be installed outside the vehicle, if desired. The counting unit with display, and remotes are not waterproof and must be installed in a location sheltered from the weather. Longer cables are available from the factory for specific installations, if needed. Display/Counting Unit - To mount the counting unit, connect the Power Cable to the power jack on the back of the counting unit. Plug the front and/or rear antenna cables into the back of the counting unit. If using only one antenna, plug it into the front jack. After attaching the mounting bracket to the selected mounting surface with Velcro or screws, insert the combined display/counting unit into the mount and secure with thumbscrews (provided) into the threaded holes located on each side of the counting unit. Antenna Unit - The radar can consist of either one or two K-Band antennas. Before proceeding with the final installation, check the intended mounting locations for fan interference on both antennas. See the section on fan interference, page 17. Find a suitable location and attach the antenna mounting bracket to the selected mounting surface. Attach the antenna unit to the bracket. Connect the antenna cable to the antenna. Repeat these steps for the second antenna, if desired. Cordless Ergonomic Remote Control - The only installation required for the ergonomic remote control is to install the 3V Lithium battery (type 123). Remove the battery compartment cover by pressing down on the battery cover latch and rotating the battery cover away from the case. Install the battery, paying attention to the polarity markings. Replace the battery cover until it snaps in place. Velcro may be applied to the back of the remote control unit to attach it to the dash or other locations. Also, a microphone lug (supplied) can be attached to the back of the ergonomic remote control to allow installation into a microphone holder. An optional lanyard is also available. This remote control can be used in a wired mode. The Remote Control can be operated in wired mode by connecting a standard RJ-11 modular telephone handset cord (P.N. 155-2213-00 or Radio Shack #279-312). The cord is connected to the remote and radar unit, and battery removed for wired operation. THEORY OF OPERATION Stationary Mode - S PATROL uses the Doppler frequency shift technique to measure the speed of moving vehicles. This technique is based on the Doppler Theory, which states that a radar signal reflected from a moving target will experience a frequency shift that is proportional to the speed of the target relative to the radar. Circuitry in S PATROL processes the reflected signal to obtain the frequency shift. The Digital Signal Processor (DSP) then measures the frequency shift to obtain the target speed. In stationary mode, the transmitted signal strikes a moving target and is reflected back to the antenna. S PATROL processes the signal to obtain the target speed. Targets, both approaching and receding, generate the same Doppler frequency shift; therefore, targets traveling both directions can be measured. Opposite Lane Moving Mode - In opposite lane moving mode, two (2) signals must be processed to determine target speed. The first signal, patrol speed, results from the radar signal reflecting from passing stationary objects. Since the
2 Doppler shift is proportional to the relative velocity between the radar and the passing reflecting objects, the Doppler shift of this signal will be proportional to the speed of the patrol vehicle. The second signal, closing speed, results from the radar signal reflecting from an approaching or retreating opposite lane moving target and then returning to the patrol vehicle. The Doppler shift of this signal will be proportional to the sum of the patrol speed and target speed, or closing speed. To determine the target speed, S PATROL subtracts the patrol speed from the closing speed. Same Lane Moving Mode - In same lane moving mode, two (2) signals must be processed to determine target speed. The first signal, patrol speed, results from the radar signal reflecting from passing stationary objects. Since the Doppler shift is proportional to the relative velocity between the radar and the passing reflecting objects, the Doppler shift of this signal will be proportional to the speed of the patrol vehicle. The second signal, difference speed, results from the radar signal reflecting from an approaching or retreating same lane moving target and then returning to the patrol vehicle. The Doppler shift of this signal will be proportional to the difference speed between the patrol and target vehicles. If the target vehicle is moving faster than the patrol vehicle and the faster mode is selected (default), the difference speed will be added to patrol speed to obtain target speed. If the target vehicle is moving slower than the patrol vehicle, SLOWER option should be selected. In this case, the difference speed will be subtracted from the patrol speed to obtain target speed. For more detailed information, see the section on SAME LANE THEORY, page 14. Faster Mode - S PATROL offers Faster Speed Tracking. Fast Speed Tracking is a field selectable feature and can be easily disabled, if desired. The addition of the faster mode allows the ability to track small high speed targets that normally could not be tracked because a stronger target shields the weaker target from normal speed measurement. The classic example is where a speeding sports car passes a slower moving eighteen wheeler: The faster sports car, although clearly speeding, previously could not be measured because the strongest truck target captures the target display window. S PATROL, in this example, will display the speed of the strongest truck in the target window, while the speed of the faster sports car will appear in the middle faster window. Tracking of both targets may be performed simultaneously. (See page 13.)
DISPLAY OPERATION Display Front Panel SXMIT FRONT REAR SAME SLOWFAST LOCKTARGET PATROL Fig 1 Display Unit Functions PWR: The PWR switch is the main On/Off power switch. TARGET WINDOW: The left, three-digit LCD window is the target window. This window displays the speed of targets entering the radar beam. While in stationary mode, the target window will show the speed of the strongest approaching or the strongest receding target relative to the radar. In opposite lane moving mode, the target window will show the speed of the strongest opposite lane approaching target or the strongest opposite lane receding target. In same lane moving mode, the target window will show the speed of the strongest same lane faster (front or rear) target or the strongest same lane slower (front or rear) target. See SAME LANE THEORY, page 14. MIDDLE WINDOW: The middle, three-digit LED window is a dual purpose window. First, it is used for locking the strongest target shown in the left window. In addition, the middle window is used to display the faster target in the radar beam. The LOCK and FAST icons are used to indicate the current use of the window. The middle window is used to store target speeds that the operator chooses to "lock" using the LOCK/REL key. The presence of the LOCK icon indicates that the middle window contains a "locked" target speed. When the faster mode is selected and when no LOCK target is present, the middle window is used to track the faster target in the radar beam. Faster mode is turned on and off by using the menu button. The presence of the FAST icon indicates that the faster mode is selected. PATROL WINDOW: The right, three-digit LCD window is the patrol window. In moving mode, the operator should always verify that the patrol window is tracking the patrol vehicle's speedometer. After locking a target speed, the patrol window may be "blanked" by pressing the PS BLANK key. Restore the patrol speed by pressing the PS BLANK key a second time. XMIT: The XMIT icon indicates that S PATROL is transmitting on the currently selected antenna. FRONT: The FRONT icon indicates the front antenna is selected for use. The icon will light with a steady indication if the antenna is operational or a blinking indication if the antenna is missing or inoperative. 3
4 REAR: The REAR icon indicates the rear antenna is selected for use. The icon will light with a steady indication if the antenna is operational or a blinking indication if the antenna is missing or inoperative. SLOW: The SLOW icon indicates that the radar is in slow target same lane mode. Conversely, fast target same lane mode is indicated by the absence of the SLOW icon. See SAME LANE THEORY, page 14. SAME: The SAME icon indicates that the radar is in same lane mode. Conversely, opposite lane mode is indicated by the absence of the SAME icon. See SAME LANE THEORY, page 14. LOCK: The LOCK icon indicates that the operator has locked a target speed in the center window. Audible Indicators Antenna tones - Different audio tones are used when switching between the front and the rear antenna. A 1-beep tone corresponds to the front antenna, while a 2-beep tone corresponds to the rear antenna. Faster tone - Different audio tones are used when turning the faster mode on and off. A high-pitched beep tone (for fast) indicates that faster mode is selected. A normal beep tone indicates that faster mode is turned off. Self-Test tones - A 4-beep “happy” tone indicates the successful completion of a self-test operation. A 15-beep tone indicates a failed self-test. Automatic Self-Test - An automatic self-test (indicated by a 4-beep “happy” tone) is performed every 15 minutes while S PATROL is transmitting. NOTE: If for any reason “FAIL” comes up on your S PATROL Radar, the unit must be turned OFF and then back ON to reset the FAIL mode. As an example, if you did not properly attach the antenna cable and the word “FAIL” appeared, it would be necessary to correct this problem, to properly connect the cable, then turn the power OFF and then back ON. The word FAIL should not reappear.
ERGONOMIC REMOTE CONTROL FUNCTIONS Fig 2 The ergonomic remote control shown above is the standard control supplied with the S PATROL radar unit. Other optional remotes with a different cases and key configurations are shown on later pages. LOCK/REL: In Radar Mode, the LOCK/REL key alternates between target lock and release functions. The first time the LOCK/REL key is pressed, with a speed in the target window, that strong target speed is transferred to the middle window and locked along with the present patrol speed. This state is indicated by the illumination of the LOCK icon. Pressing LOCK/REL a second time clears the locked contents of both the lock and the patrol windows. During lock, the LOCK icon will light. The target window and Doppler audio remain active after locking. MOV STA /MENU: This is a dual function key. The normal function is to toggle between MOVING and STATIONARY modes: A speed or a [ ] in the patrol window indicates moving mode, while a blank patrol window indicates stationary mode. SAME/OPP: The SAME/OPPOSITE key is used to alternate between same lane moving mode and opposite lane moving mode. The SAME icon toggles on and off to indicate same lane mode. ANT: The ANT key is used to switch between the front and rear antennas, unless the radar was factory set for only one antenna. The FRONT or REAR icon will light. The display unit can sense the presence or absence of the front or rear antenna. A steady 5
icon indicates an operational antenna and cable, while a blinking icon indicates a missing antenna and/or cable, or a malfunction of the antenna unit. XMIT/HLD: The XMIT/HLD key toggles between XMIT (transmit) and HLD (standby). The XMIT icon will light for transmitting and extinguish for hold. FAST LOCK: FAST LOCK key alternates between faster target lock and release functions. Pressing the FAST LOCK key with a faster speed in the middle window will lock the faster speed along with the present patrol speed. This state is indicated by the illumination of both the FAST and LOCK icons. Pressing FAST LOCK key a second time clears the contents of both the lock and the patrol windows. During fast lock, the target window and Doppler audio remain active. SLOWER (same lane): In same lane mode, the SLOWER key is used to toggle between fast target same lane mode and slow target same lane mode. See SAME LANE THEORY section, page 14. SEn: The SEn key is used to adjust the range up or down at any time. Maximum range (sensitivity) is SEn 4, minimum range (sensitivity) is SEn 1. The range (or sensitivity) must be set separately for same lane moving mode and opposite lane moving mode. While in each mode, (same lane and opposite lane/stationary), indicated by the presence or absence of the SAME icon, set each sensitivity as described above. SQL: The SQL key toggles the squelch override on and off. In the normal position (squelch on), audio will be heard only when a target is being tracked. PS 5/20: The PS 5/10/20 key is used to select one of the three selections for low end patrol speed of either 5, 10 or 20 mph. For example: a patrol window indication of 20 starts tracking patrol speed at 20 mph, while a patrol window indication of 5 starts tracking patrol speed at 5 mph. If the VSS feature is enabled (see section titled “VSS OPTION” on Page 21), the PS 5/10/20 key will only display SP when pressed. SELF TEST: The SELF TEST key performs a diagnostic check on the display/counting unit and antenna. The display/counting unit will complete a display segment test, processor check, and crystal check, followed by the display of speeds of 10, 35, and 65; and ending with a display of the display/counting unit internal operating temperature in degrees Fahrenheit (e.g., 110 °F) (if the unit has been ordered in kilometers, the temperature will be displayed in Celsius (e.g., 35 °C)), and input battery voltage (e.g., bAt 13.8). A comprehensive test is also performed on the selected antenna by the counting unit to ensure the integrity of the antenna cable and antenna electronics. PASS or FAIL is indicated on the display unit after all tests have been completed. (Target Doppler) The key is used to adjust the volume of the Target Doppler audio up or down. Press the ▲ or ▼ key to make the display step from Aud 0 to Aud 9 where Aud 9 is the loudest. (Beep Tones) The key is used to adjust the volume of the beep tones. Press the▲ or ▼ key to make the display step from bEEP 0 to bEEP 9 where bEEP 9 is the loudest. The Patrol Speed window will display the beep volume level. PS BLANK: This is a dual function key. If the patrol window indicates an incorrect patrol speed, the PS BLANK key blanks the patrol speed window and acquires a new patrol speed. The PS BLANK key also blanks the patrol speed after the target speed and patrol speed are locked. Press PS BLANK again to restore the blanked speeds. LIGHT This is a dual-function key. With a single depression, the LIGHT key activates the remote control keyboard back light for six (6) seconds. Two rapid depressions of the LIGHT key activate the display unit’s brightness control. Additional depressions of the LIGHT key toggle the display intensity through six levels of brightness, ranging from bri 1 (low) to bri 6 (high). In the switched display only, an automatic brightness compensation setting of bri A will appear in the sequence of manual brightness settings. Counting Unit - The counting unit is not waterproof, therefore, you should mount the counting unit in an out-of-the-weather location. Plug the front and/or rear antenna cables into the back of the counting unit. If using only one antenna, plug it into the front jack. Plug the power cord from the counting unit into the cigarette-plug receptacle. 6
7 Antenna Unit - Find a suitable location and attach the antenna mounting bracket to the selected mounting surface. Attach the Antenna unit to the bracket. Connect the antenna cable to the antenna. Repeat these steps with the second antenna, if desired. Remote Control - Follow the instructions below for your particular remote: 1. Infrared Remote - the only installation for any of the infrared remote controls is to install either the Lithium battery or 2 AA batteries, depending on model. Remove the battery compartment cover by sliding it away from the case. Install the two batteries, paying attention to the polarity markings. Replace the battery cover by sliding it onto the case until it snaps into place. 2. Corded Remote - attach the corded remote control to the counting unit using the power cord with a serial port
OPERATING THE STALKER PATROL Stationary Mode Speed Measurement Perform the tuning fork test on the radar before using for traffic measurements. See page 20 for instructions on this procedure. Select stationary mode by pressing the MOV/STA key on the remote control, then select the desired antenna by pressing the ANT key. To transmit, press the XMIT/HOLD key. The XMIT icon should appear on the display unit (Fig 3) indicating that a radar signal is being transmitted. SXMIT FRONT REAR SAME SLOWFAST LOCKTARGET PATROLFi 3 g If a target is in range, such as one traveling 54 mph, the speed will appear in the target window of the display unit (Fig 4); and a Doppler audio tone, which is proportional to the target speed, will be heard from the speaker. The target speed is continually measured and displayed, and the Doppler audio tone is heard as long as the target is present. SXMIT FRONT REAR SAME SLOWFAST LOCKTARGET PATROLFi 4 Hold mode can be selected by pressing the XMIT/HOLD key on the perating in VSS mode (see section titled “VSS of g remote control. In hold mode, The XMIT icon will be off (Fig 5) and no signal will be transmitted, preventing detection by radar detectors. NOTE: While oOPTION” on Page 21) the radar uses the presence (or absence)VSS pulses to automatically switch between moving mode and stationary mode. SXMIT FRONT REAR SAME SLOWFAST LOCKTARGET PATROLFig 5 pposite Lane Moving Mode Speed OMeasurement fork test on the radar before using for traffic ote Perform the tuning measurements. See page 20 for instructions on this procedure. Select moving mode by pressing the MOV/STA key on the remcontrol. When S PATROL is in moving mode, the patrol window will contain either the patrol speed or a [ ]. The [ ] (Fig 6) indicates that S PATROL is in moving mode, but has no ground speed. Select opposite lane mode by pressing the SAME/OPP key until the SAME icon is not visible. To transmit, press the XMIT/HOLD key. The XMIT icon should appear on the display unit (Fig 6) indicating that a radar signal is being transmitted. Be sure the patrol speed indicated corresponds to the speedometer of the patrol vehicle. If an approaching target is in the radar beam, its speed will appear in the target window and a Doppler audio tone will be heard from the speaker. Fig 7 is an example in which the patrol speed is 50 and the approaching target speed is 68. The target speed is continually measured and displayed and the Doppler audio tone is heard while the S PATROL is in transmit mode and a target is present. SXMIT FRONT REAR SAME SLOWFAST LOCKTARGET PATROLFig 6 SXMIT FRONT REAR SAME SLOWFAST LOCKTARGET PATROLFig 7 8
Hold mode can be selected by pressing the XMIT/HOLD key on the remote control. In hold mode, the XMIT icon will be off (Fig 8) and no signal will be transmitted. This prevents detection by radar detectors. When in hold, S PATROL remembers the last patrol speed and looks for that speed first when changing from hold back to transmit. NOTE: While operating in VSS mode (see section titled “VSS OPTION” on Page 21) the radar uses the presence (or absence) of VSS pulses to automatically switch between moving mode and stationary mode. SXMIT FRONT REAR SAME SLOWFAST LOCKTARGET PATROLFi 8 g Same Lane Moving Mode Speed Measurement Perform the tuning fork test on the radar before using for traffic measurements. See page 20 for instructions on this procedure. Patrol speed is especially important while operating in the same lane moving mode. The patrol vehicle should be traveling slower or faster than all targets in the radar beam. Normally, traveling slower than all same lane targets is recommended. To transmit, press the XMIT/HOLD key. Select same lane moving mode by pressing the MOV/STA key, then select same lane mode by pressing the SAME/OPP key. Same lane mode is selected when the SAME icon is visible (Fig 9). Note: When Same Lane is selected, the sensitivity is automatically reduced internally by software. A sensitivity setting of 4 is recommended in Same Lane. If a same lane target is in the radar beam, its speed will appear in the target window and the difference speed audio will be heard from the speaker. The target speed is obtained by adding the difference speed to the patrol speed. Fig 10 is an example of a patrol speed of 50 and a faster same lane target in front of the patrol vehicle traveling at 68. The target speed is continually measured and displayed and the Doppler audio tone is heard while the S PATROL is in transmit mode and a target is present. SXMIT FRONT REAR SAME SLOWFAST LOCKTARGET PATROL Fig 9 SXMIT FRONT REAR SAME SLOWFAST LOCKTARGET PATROL Fig 10 For targets in the radar beam that are traveling slower than the patrol vehicle, it is necessary to press the SLOWER key. Fig 11 is an example of a patrol speed of 50 and a slower same lane target in front of the patrol vehicle traveling at 48. NOTE: To verify that the SLOWER key is in the right position, change the speed of the patrol vehicle by 2 - 3 mph, observing that the displayed target speed does not change. SXMIT FRONT REAR SAME SLOWFAST LOCKTARGET PATROL Fig 11 Patrol Speed Shadowing Effect Traditional radar units exclude patrol speed lock-on and tracking below 20 mph. One of the unique features of S PATROL is that it allows patrol speed lock-on and tracking below 5 mph, when the low-end patrol speed is set to 5. This feature is very popular and is excellent for enforcing school zones. However, with this setting, S PATROL is more prone to "shadowing." Shadowing occurs when a strong same lane target in the radar beam captures the patrol speed, instead of the weaker passing ground reflection. The following is an example of the shadowing effect: A patrol vehicle traveling 30 mph is following a pickup traveling 42 mph. The pickup is pulling away from the patrol vehicle at 12 mph. The radar, in error, thinks this 12 mph speed is the correct ground speed and displays 12 mph in the patrol window, instead of the correct value of 30 mph. S PATROL has three options for eliminating the shadowing effect: (1) make the unit re-acquire the correct patrol speed by pressing the PS BLANK key, (2) change the low-end patrol speed from 5 mph to 20 mph (see following paragraph for instructions), and (3) operate the radar using the optional VSS mode. To eliminate the shadowing effect in the city, option (1) is recommended. Option (2) is recommended for highway radar use. Option 3 eliminates all shadowing and is achieved by installation of VSS cabling in the patrol vehicle. 9
Low-End Patrol Speed Selection The PS 5/20 key is used to set the low-end patrol speed. The right two digits of the patrol window refer to the current low-end patrol speed of either 5 mph, 10mph, or 20 mph. For example, sensitivity 1 with 5 mph low-end patrol speed would be indicated by: SEn 1 5 (Fig 12). Sensitivity 1 with 20 mph low-end patrol speed would be: SEn 1 20 (Fig 13). During VSS operation this function is not required and thus is not available. During VSS operation, when the PS 5/20 key is pressed, SP will be momentarily displayed. SXMIT FRONT REAR SAME SLOWFAST LOCKTARGET PATROLFig 12 SXMIT FRONT REAR SAME SLOWFAST LOCKTARGET PATROLFig 13 Range (Sensitivity) Adjustment The range (or sensitivity) of S PATROL is adjusted by pressing the SEn key. This key cycles through the four (4) sensitivity levels; SEn 1, SEn 2, SEn 3, and SEn 4 (Fig 14 - Fig 17, respectively). In each case, the center display refers to the current sensitivity setting. The shortest range is SEn 1 (Fig 14), and the longest range is SEn 4 (Fig 17). The range (or sensitivity) must be set for same lane moving mode and opposite lane moving/stationary mode separately. While in each mode, (same lane and opposite lane), indicated by the presence or absence of the SAME icon, set each sensitivity as described above. SXMIT FRONT REAR SAME SLOWFAST LOCKTARGET PATROLFig 14 SXMIT FRONT REAR SAME SLOWFAST LOCKTARGET PATROLFig 15 SXMIT FRONT REAR SAME SLOWFAST LOCKTARGET PATROLFig 16 SXMIT FRONT REAR SAME SLOWFAST LOCKTARGET PATROLFig 17 10
Doppler Audio When a target is being tracked, a Doppler audio tone can be heard from the speaker. The pitch of this tone is a precise indication of target speed. The tone quality is useful for judging possible interfering or multiple targets. In opposite lane moving mode, S PATROL compensates for patrol speed variations when generating the Doppler audio. Since the audio tones do not vary with patrol speed, the operator soon learns to correlate the Doppler audio with the target speed. This eliminates the need of constantly watching the display to determine target speed. In same lane moving mode, S PATROL generates difference audio instead of the true audio described above. The difference audio gives a direct indication of the difference in speed between the patrol vehicle and the target vehicle. SXMIT FRONT REAR SAME SLOWFAST LOCKTARGET PATROLFig 18 The speaker volume can be adjusted through 10 levels by pressing the key and ▲ or ▼ on the remote control. Maximum audio volume is indicated by Aud 9 (Fig 18), and audio off (an optional factory setting) is indicated by Aud 0 (Fig 19). SXMIT FRONT REAR SAME SLOWFAST LOCKTARGET PATROL Fig 19 Beep Tones Pressing the key twice enables the beep volume menu. The beep volume can be adjusted through 10 levels by pressing UP/DOWN buttons on the remote control. Maximum beep volume is indicated by bEEP 9 (Fig 20). SXMIT FRONT REAR SAME SLOWFAST LOCKTARGET PATROL Fig 20 Display Lighting The display unit can be adjusted for brightness by using th e key. A single depression of the key activates the keyboard backlight for 6 seconds. Two rapid depressions of the key activate the display unit's brightness control, and additional depressions of the key toggle the display intensity through six levels of brightness, ranging from low (bri 1) to high (bri 6) (Fig 21). The switched display has an automatic brightness setting (bri A). SXMIT FRONT REAR SAME SLOWFAST LOCKTARGET PATROLFig 21 11
Patrol Speed Blanking After locking a target and patrol speed (Fig 22), the patrol speed window may be "blanked" by pressing the PS BLANK key (Fig 23). The patrol speed can be restored by pressing the PS BLANK key a second time. When the lock window is not occupied by a “locked” target speed, the PS BLANK key is used to blank the patrol window and re-acquire patrol speed. SXMIT FRONT REAR SAME SLOWFAST LOCKTARGET PATROLFig 22 SXMIT FRONT REAR SAME SLOWFAST LOCKTARGET PATROLFig 23 Software Version minated following power up press the ay the installed software version. Figure 24 While all segments are illuSELF TEST key to displindicates that software version 04.2 is installed. SXMIT FRONT REAR SAME SLOWFAST LOCKTARGET PATROL Fig 24 Transmitter Frequency ersion is shown, the transmitter indicates a transmitter frequency of Immediately after the software vfrequency is displayed. Figure 2524.15 GHz. K-Band. Figure 26 indicates a transmitter frequency of 0, meaning no antenna is connected. SXMIT FRONT REAR SAME SLOWFAST LOCKTARGET PATROL Fig 25 SXMIT FRONT REAR SAME SLOWFAST LOCKTARGET PATROL Fig 26 12
FASTER SPEED TRACKING THEORY The following examples are Faster targets under various conditions. The Faster mode has to be toggled "ON" by pressing the FASTEST key. The key does not have to be held or depressed. In addition to the speeds displayed in each window, carefully note the icons illuminated. The addition of the Faster mode allows S PATROL to track a smaller high-speed target that was previously undetectable because a stronger target shielded the weaker (smaller) target from normal speed measurement. The classic example is where a speeding sports car passes a slower moving eighteen wheeler. The Faster sports car, although clearly speeding, could not be measured because the strongest truck target captured the target display window. S PATROL with Faster capability, however, will display the speed of the strongest target (the truck) in the target window, while the speed of the Faster target (the sports car) will appear in the middle Faster window. S PATROL simultaneously tracks both targets: however, the target window is always reserved for the strongest target and the Faster window is reserved for the Faster target. When the Faster target becomes the strongest target, the Faster target’s speed will transfer to the strongest target window. The Faster target’s speed can be locked only when it becomes the strongest target. The result is better tracking for better court testimony! See the examples on the next page: Moving Mode Example: LOPETATSSAXETECIPOLICE → 55 mph ← 72 mph ← 60 mph A Patrol vehicle is cruising at 55 mph. Two opposite lane targets are approaching from the front - a 60 mph truck and a 72 mph sports car behind the truck. The 60 mph strongest out-front target (the truck) appears in the target window and the 72 mph Faster target (the sports car) appears in the middle window (Fig 27). The Faster target cannot be locked unless it becomes the strongest target and appears in the left window. SXMIT FRONT REAR SAME SLOWFAST LOCKTARGET PATROL Fig 27 The 60 mph strongest target can be locked, by pressing the LOCK key (Fig 28). Note how the middle window changes from a Faster window to a Lock window. The FAST icon has been replaced by the LOCK icon. The middle window is therefore defined by the icon that is associated with it. SXMIT FRONT REAR SAME SLOWFAST LOCKTARGET PATROL Fig 28 Stationary Mode Example: LOPETATSSAXETECIPOLICE ←72 mph ← 60 mph ← 65 mph 13
A Patrol vehicle is parked at the top of a hill monitoring approaching traffic with his rear antenna. The first target, a 60 mph truck, is the strongest out-front target and appears in the target window (Fig 29). The third target, the 72 mph Faster sports car, is tracked in the middle Faster window. The Faster target can be locked by pressing the LOCK key when it becomes the strongest target. SXMIT FRONT REAR SAME SLOWFAST LOCKTARGET PATROL Fig 29 SAME LANE THEORY Same Lane Operation 1. To transmit, press the XMIT/HOLD key. The XMIT icon should appear on the display indicating a radar signal is being transmitted. 2. Select moving mode by pressing the MOV/STA key on the remote control. When S PATROL is in moving mode, the patrol window will contain either the patrol speed or a [ ]. The [ ] indicates that S PATROL is in moving mode, but has no ground speed. Be sure the patrol speed indicated corresponds to the speedometer of the patrol vehicle. 3. Then select same lane mode by pressing the SAME/OPP key. Same lane mode is selected when the SAME icon is visible. 4. If a target is in the radar beam, its speed will appear in the target window and a Doppler audio tone will be heard from the speaker. 5. Patrol speed is especially important while operating in the same lane moving mode. The patrol vehicle should be traveling slower or faster than all targets in the radar beam. Normally, traveling slower than all same lane targets is recommended. After visually estimating the speed of the targets in the radar beam, press the SLOWER key to correspond to whether the observed targets are traveling faster or slower than the patrol vehicle. The SLOW icon indicates that the target is traveling slower. 6. To verify that the SLOWER key is in the right position, change the speed of the patrol vehicle by 2-3 mph, observing that the displayed target speed does not change. ExampleDoppler Signal Processing Two signals must be processed to determine target speed. The first signal, patrol speed, results from the radar signal reflecting from passing stationary objects. The Doppler shift of this signal will be proportional to the speed of the patrol vehicle, since Doppler shift is proportional to the relative velocity between the radar and the passing reflecting objects. Patrol Speed = 55 mph The second signal, difference speed, results from the radar beam reflecting from a slower or faster same lane moving target and then returning to the patrol vehicle. The Doppler shift of this signal will be proportional to the difference speed between the patrol and target vehicles. The audio tones heard while in same lane mode are directly related to this difference speed. Difference Speed = 10 mph The radar is unable to distinguish between a difference speed resulting from a faster or slower target. The operator must tell the radar how to process this signal by pressing the SLOWER key. If the target vehicle is moving faster than the patrol vehicle, the difference speed must be added to patrol speed to obtain target speed. If the target vehicle is moving slower than the patrol vehicle, the difference speed must be subtracted from the patrol speed to obtain target speed. For faster target: Target = 55+10 = 65 For slower target: Target = 55-10 = 45 14
The operator selects either addition or subtraction by pressing the SLOWER key on the remote control while observing the SLOW icon on the display. When the SLOW icon is off, the counting unit adds the difference speed to the patrol speed to obtain target speed. When the SLOW icon is on, the counting unit subtracts the difference speed from the patrol speed to obtain target speed. NOTE: To verify that the SLOWER key is in the right position, change the speed of the patrol vehicle by 2 - 3 mph, observing that the displayed target speed does not change. For faster target: SLOW icon is OFF For slower target: SLOW icon is ON Same Lane Examples The following examples are same lane targets under various conditions. In addition to speeds displayed in each window, carefully note the icons illuminated. LOPETATSSAXETECIPOLICE ← 60 mph (5 diff) ← 2 mph (17 diff) 7← 55 mph A Patrol vehicle is cruising at 55 mph. Two faster same lane targets are approaching from behind. A 60 mph (55+5=60) truck and a 72 mph (55+17=72) sports car behind the truck. The strongest out-front target (the truck) appears in the target window (Fig 30). SXMIT FRONT REAR SAME SLOWFAST LOCKTARGET PATROL Fig 30 The 60 mph strongest target can be locked, by pressing the LOCK/REL key (Fig 31). SXMIT FRONT REAR SAME SLOWFAST LOCKTARGET PATROL Fig 31 LOPETATSSAXETECIPOLICE ← 70 mph ← 40 mph (30 diff) ← 55 mph (15 diff)← 66 mph (4 diff)This is an example of pacing slower targets in same lane mode. Notice that the SLOW icon is visible in Fig 32. The 70 mph patrol vehicle is following the 66 mph (70-4=66) sports car. The 66 mph target (sports car) appears in the target window. SXMIT FRONT REAR SAME SLOWFAST LOCKTARGET PATROL Fig 32 15
LOPETATSSAXETECIPOLICE ← 70 mph ← 55 mph (15 diff) ← 40 mph (30 diff) ← 66 mph (4 diff) Once the 66 mph sports car passes the other two targets, it will be blocked out by them. The strongest 55 mph target is now in the target window as shown in Fig 33. SXMIT FRONT REAR SAME SLOWFAST LOCKTARGET PATROL Fig 33 16
17 INTERFERENCE SOURCES AND REMEDIES A variety of sources, both natural and man-made, can cause misleading indications or poor performance. The operator should note the symptoms described below, and take steps to avoid the problem, or ignore the misleading indications. Terrain Radar signals will not pass through most solid objects, including tree foliage. Make certain the path between the radar and target vehicle is unobstructed. A glass window is a partial reflector of radar; therefore, some reduction in range will be experienced when aiming through patrol vehicle windows. Rain Rain absorbs and scatters the radar signal. This reduces the range and increases the possibility of obtaining readings from the speed of the raindrops. Electrical Noise Electrical noise sources include neon signs, radio transmitters, power lines, and transformers. These influences may cause reduced range or intermittent readings. When these interferences are present, the RFI indicator should come on and suppress all readings. Vehicle Ignition Noise An extremely noisy vehicle electrical system may cause erratic operation. If this condition occurs, it is recommended that a two conductor shielded cable be run directly from the vehicle battery to the cigarette lighter plug on the dash. This should eliminate any problems from vehicle electrical noise. Fan Noise As you will discover, the S PATROL that you have purchased is extremely sensitive resulting in longer range. This extra sensitivity may allow you to pick up fan noise when operating the radar from inside the patrol vehicle. Fan noise is a common Doppler radar problem when aiming the antenna through a window from inside the patrol vehicle. A small amount of the radar beam is reflected off the glass back into the vehicle. This may allow the radar to pick up fan noise from within the patrol vehicle. The problem is not a problem with the radar, but with the location of the radar's antenna. Doppler radar is designed to detect moving or vibrating objects; therefore, it may detect any moving or vibrating surfaces inside the patrol vehicle, such as the fan or a dashboard that is vibrating from the fan. Fan interference can be verified by turning off or changing the speed of the fan. Most fans generate speeds of 30 mph or less. As a result, fan noise is normally only a problem when operating in stationary mode or when operating in moving mode with patrol speeds less than 30 mph. To eliminate fan noise, try the following steps in numerical order: 1. Find a location (by moving the antenna) inside the vehicle that is free of fan noise; such as a corner of the dash away from the fan. The lower left side of the dash is a recommended location. 2. Insure that the antenna beam is not deflected back into the vehicle by anything in its path such as wipers, window trim, or anything mounted on the dash. Do not mount the counting/display unit or antenna/power cables in front of the antenna on the dash. 3. Locate the antenna as close to the inside glass as possible (preferably less than 1/2 inch). 4. Turn the fan off while operating the radar in stationary mode or moving mode with patrol speed under 30 mph. 5. Install an optional Antenna Port on the glass surfaces directly in front of the antenna. The specially designed Antenna Port consists of two white discs, 3 1/2 inches in diameter, with double-sided tape on one side. Attach one disc on the inside glass surface, and the other disc on the outside glass surface. Due to interference with windshield wipers, the Antenna Port can only be installed on the rear window. 6. If the above suggestions fail, mount the antenna completely outside the vehicle.
Interference From Other Transmitters Strong signals from nearby radio transmitters may interfere with operation of S PATROL. The RFI indicator (Fig 34) signals that an interference source has been detected. Speed readings are inhibited when this occurs to prevent the possibility of false readings. The interference source may be the vehicle’s two-way radio, another nearby transmitter, or an illegal radar-jamming device. SXMIT FRONT REAR SAME SLOWFAST LOCKTARGET PATROLFig 34 Power Supply A low voltage condition from the vehicle's electrical system will cause a Lo V indication (Fig 35), and will inhibit speed readings. An extremely noisy vehicle electrical system may result in false readings or erratic operation. If this condition occurs, a two-conductor, shielded cable should be connected directly from the vehicle battery to the cigarette-plug on the dash. This should eliminate any problems from vehicle electrical noise. SXMIT FRONT REAR SAME SLOWFAST LOCKTARGET PATROLFig 35 No Power If you get no power to the unit, first check the fuse in your radar by unscrewing the silver contact tip at the bottom of the cigar plug and removing the fuse. Check the fuse to see if it has blown. If so, replace with a new fuse and try to locate the cause. If the fuse is okay, check the fuse to the vehicle’s cigar plug. If this fuse is also okay, place the radar in a different vehicle or try a different radar in your vehicle. TESTING In order to ensure continued compliance with FCC rules, meet legal requirements for admissibility of radar speed measurements, and verify full operating performance, the following test procedures are recommended. If the unit fails any of the tests, it should be removed from service until the cause of the problem is corrected. Periodic Calibration We recommend that the following performance characteristics should be verified on a regular basis: 1. Transmitter frequency is within specification on licensed operating frequency. 2. Unit indicates correct speed (± 1 mph) when reading a target of known speed. 3. Unit detects targets of good reflectivity over unobstructed, flat terrain at distances of 1/2 mile, or more, when set for highest sensitivity (SEn 4). Power-On Self-Test Each time the unit is powered on, an automatic self-test is performed to verify that the unit functions. The display indicates 888 888 888 (Fig 36) during the test. A 4-beep “happy” tone indicates the successful completion of this test. If a problem is detected, FAIL will be displayed along with a 15-beep tone. Immediately after power-on, and while all display segments are illuminated, pressing the SELF TEST key will display the software version followed by the transmitter frequency (see page 12). SXMIT FRONT REAR SAME SLOWFAST LOCKTARGET PATROL Fig 36 18
Internal Circuit-Test An internal circuit test can be performed at any time by pressing the SELF TEST key. This performs a diagnostic check on the display/counting unit, the selected antenna, and antenna cable. Since only the selected antenna is tested, it is necessary to perform this test twice -- once with the front antenna selected, and once with the rear antenna selected. The display/counting unit will first complete a processor check, memory check, and crystal accuracy check; followed by the display of speeds of 10, 35, and 65 (Figures 37, 38, and 39); and ending with a display of the display/counting unit internal operating temperature in degrees Fahrenheit (e.g., 110 °F) (if the unit has been ordered in kilometers, the temperature will be displayed in Celsius (e.g., 35 °C)), and input battery voltage (e.g., bAt 13.8) (Fig 40 and Fig 41, respectively). A comprehensive test is also performed on the selected antenna by the display/counting unit to ensure the integrity of the selected antenna cable and antenna electronics. After all the tests are completed, PASS (Fig 42) along with a 4-beep “happy” tone indicate successful test completion. FAIL (Fig 43) along with a 15-beep tone indicates a failed self-test. Note: We recommend that the internal circuit test be performed on each antenna. SXMIT FRONT REAR SAME SLOWFAST LOCKTARGET PATROL Fig 37 SXMIT FRONT REAR SAME SLOWFAST LOCKTARGET PATROL Fig 38 SXMIT FRONT REAR SAME SLOWFAST LOCKTARGET PATROL Fig 39 SXMIT FRONT REAR SAME SLOWFAST LOCKTARGET PATROL Fig 40 SXMIT FRONT REAR SAME SLOWFAST LOCKTARGET PATROL Fig 41 SXMIT FRONT REAR SAME SLOWFAST LOCKTARGET PATROL Fig 42 SXMIT FRONT REAR SAME SLOWFAST LOCKTARGET PATROL Fig 43 Automatic Self-Test An automatic self-test (indicated by a 4-beep “happy” tone) is performed every 10 minutes while S PATROL is transmitting. Switching antenna will reset the 10 minute timer. 19
Stationary Mode Tuning Fork Test Two (2) tuning forks are supplied for S PATROL. The tuning forks are calibrated for 25 mph and 40 mph (40 and 64 kph). To perform the tuning fork test, power the unit ON (press PWR switch), select stationary mode (press MOV/STA key), select the front antenna (press ANT key), and place the unit in transmit mode (press XMIT key). Strike the 25 mph tuning fork against a hard nonmetallic surface, such as the heel of a shoe. Quickly hold the tuning fork approximately two (2) inches in front of the antenna, with the narrow edge of the fork facing the antenna. The target window should indicate 25 ± 1 mph (40 kph) (Fig 44). Repeat the above test with the 40 mph (64 kph) tuning fork. Select the rear antenna, if purchased, and repeat both tuning fork tests. Note: We recommend that the tuning fork test be performed on each antenna. Some departments perform this test both before and after each citation. Check your department policy. SXMIT FRONT REAR SAME SLOWFAST LOCKTARGET PATROLFig 44 Opposite Lane Moving Mode Tuning Fork Test Two (2) tuning forks are supplied for S PATROL. The tuning forks are calibrated for 25 mph and 40 mph (40 and 64 kph). To perform the tuning fork test, power the unit ON (press PWR switch), select moving mode (press MOV/STA key), select the front antenna (press ANT key), and place the unit in transmit mode (press XMIT key). Strike both tuning forks against a hard nonmetallic surface, such as the heel of a shoe. Quickly hold the lower speed fork approximately two (2) inches in front of the antenna, with the narrow edge of the fork facing the antenna. The patrol window should indicate 25 ± 1 mph (40 kph) (Fig 45). Now move the higher speed fork in front of the antenna with the narrow edge facing the antenna. The target window should register 15 mph ± 2 (24 kph) (Fig 46), which is the difference in speed of the two forks. Repeat the above test with the rear antenna selected, if installed. Note: We recommend that the tuning fork test be performed on each antenna. Some departments perform this test both before and after each citation. Check your department policy. SXMIT FRONT REAR SAME SLOWFAST LOCKTARGET PATROL Fig 45 SXMIT FRONT REAR SAME SLOWFAST LOCKTARGET PATROLFig 46 Same Lane Moving Mode Tuning Fork Test Two (2) tuning forks are supplied for S PATROL. The tuning forks are calibrated for 25 mph and 40 mph (40 and 64 kph). To perform the tuning fork test, power the unit ON, select moving mode, and same lane mode. If the SLOW icon is present, press the FASTEST key to remove it. Select the front antenna, and place the unit in transmit mode. Strike both tuning forks against a hard nonmetallic surface, such as the heel of a shoe. Quickly hold the higher speed fork approximately two (2) inches in front of the antenna, with the narrow edge of the fork facing the antenna. The patrol window should indicate 40 ± 1 mph (64 kph) (Fig 47). Move the lower speed fork in front of the antenna with the narrow edge facing the antenna. The target window should register 65 mph ± 2 (104 kph) (Fig 48), which is the sum of the speed of the two forks. Repeat the above test with the rear antenna selected, if installed. Note: We recommend that the tuning fork test be performed on each antenna. Some departments perform this test both before and after each citation. Check your department policy. SXMIT FRONT REAR SAME SLOWFAST LOCKTARGET PATROL Fig 47 SXMIT FRONT REAR SAME SLOWFAST LOCKTARGET PATROLFig 48 20
Moving-Vehicle Test A moving-vehicle test can be performed as an additional check of performance and accuracy. While driving a patrol vehicle, with an accurately calibrated speedometer, aim the antenna down an empty highway directly in front of the vehicle. The speed indicated by S PATROL should match the speedometer indication to within a small error (depending on speedometer accuracy). This test is optional and is not a substitute for the tuning fork test, but is a good overall indication of proper operation of the unit. VEHICLE SPEED SENSOR (VSS) OPERATION Traffic Radar Patrol Speed Measurement Moving traffic radar systems normally obtain patrol speed by measuring the speed of the radar return from the moving roadway in front of the vehicle. Patrol speed tracking sometimes suffers from anomalies known as “batching” and “shadowing”. These anomalies occur during moments when the roadway is obstructed from the radar beam by road conditions or other vehicles. The solution is to allow the traffic radar to monitor vehicle tire rotation and to use this information to perform “patrol speed steering.” The simplest way to monitor tire rotation is to attach to the Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS) signal in the patrol vehicle. The VSS Speedometer Signal All modern vehicles have a VSS sensor (Vehicle Speed Sensor) attached to the transmission or an axle that generates a speed signal. The speedometer and other electronics in the vehicle use the VSS speed signal. By tapping into this signal, the Stalker PATROL can monitor the actual patrol car speed and use the VSS speed information to help the radar pick the correct ground speed. The radar’s patrol car speed is still always measured by radar. The VSS simply helps steer the radar into making the right choice. The Result is PERFECT Patrol Speed • The radar will never shadow. • It tracks and acquires patrol speeds from 1-200 mph. • Moving / Stationary selection becomes automatic. VSS Cable Installation To take advantage of VSS patrol speed steering, requires two cables that are provided with the VSS Option. The vehicle VSS cable (PN 155-2179-00), should be permanently installed by an automobile service shop using the included installation instructions. On the right is how the vehicle VSS cable is normally attached (with 3 screws) to the bottom of the dash with a metal L-bracket for convenience. The radar VSS cable (PN 155-2178-00) replaces the conventional cigarette power cable and can be removed from the vehicle with the radar. IMPORTANT NOTE: Observe the black polarity marks on the two white 6-pin VSS connectors that plug together. The two white 6-pin VSS connectors can be plugged together with the marks in alignment or the marks opposed. Because of vehicle VSS signal level variations, one of these plug-in positions may not provide a working VSS signal to the radar. If you observe the symptom of the speedometer not functioning or the symptom of the radar not “seeing” the VSS signal, rotate the marks 180° and try again. 21
22 Automatic VSS Calibration Once the VSS cables are properly installed, the radar is ready to synchronize the vehicle’s VSS signal with the radar’s ground speed readings. The calibration sequence will determine the proper ratio between the VSS signal speed and the radar ground speed. The numeric result is stored in the radar’s memory (called a calibration factor). Every time the radar is turned on and then operated, the auto-calibration routine is triggered. The very first time the radar is installed and operated, the auto-calibration sequence may take a few minutes (since there is not a previously stored calibration factor to verify). During successive operations, in the same vehicle, the auto-calibration routine will seem instant. First Time Calibration (or Installing the Radar in a New Vehicle) To auto-calibrate you will need to operate (with the radar transmitting) in the moving mode for a few city blocks. The radar can complete the calibration sequence much faster if the speed of the vehicle is varied above 20 mph (don’t merely drive at a steady speed at first). When you see the patrol speed window consistently showing an accurate speed, then the auto-calibration sequence has been successful. Automatic Moving / Stationary Selection When the radar is receiving VSS signals, and it has been calibrated, the unit should automatically switch between moving and stationary operation modes when the patrol vehicle moves and stops. While moving, the MOV/STA key will not override the moving / stationary mode selected by the VSS steered radar. Low Speed Speedometer Problems In some vehicles, the VSS signal is non-existent at speeds below 5-10 mph so you may see no change in the car’s speedometer reading until the car exceeds 10 mph. In these cases, the Stalker PATROL radar will also not be switched into moving mode until the patrol car exceeds 10 mph.
23 LEGAL REQUIREMENTS FCC Requirements This device is approved as an intentional radiator under FCC Part 15 with FCC identifier IBQACMI006. No additional licensing is required to operate this device. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation. Case Law Legal precedent has clearly established the accuracy, and admissibility of Doppler speed radar evidence. This section on case law is included so the radar operator can familiarize himself with the more important legal cases involving the use of Doppler speed radar, and be aware of the guidelines concerning admissibility established by these cases. Much of the referenced material may be obtained at your local law library or prosecutor's office. Reference A -- State v. Dantonio (N.J.), 115 A2d 35, 49 ALR 2d 460 The landmark case on the use of traffic radar. This case sets precedent of the following: 1. Judicial notice has been taken of accuracy of radar. 2. A few hours training is sufficient to qualify an operator. 3. The operator need not understand or be able to explain internal workings of the radar. Reference B -- Everight v. Little Rock, ARK., 326 SW2d 796: Establishes that the court may take judicial notice of the reliability of radar. Reference C -- State v. Graham (Mo.), 322 SW2d 188: Establishes that the court may take judicial notice of the ability of radar to measure speed. Reference D -- State v. Tomanelli (Conn.), 216 A2d 625: Reviews the matter of judicial notice; recognizes the ability of Doppler radar to measure the speed of a motor vehicle; and acknowledges that the tuning fork is a reliable accuracy test. Reference E -- Honeycut v. Commonwealth (Ky.), 408 SW2d 421: In this appeal, the court rejects, one by one, the arguments of the appellant that the evidence should not have been admitted; and again establishes the following: (1) A properly constructed, and operated radar device is capable of measuring accurately the speed of a motor vehicle. (2) The tuning fork test is an accurate method of determining accuracy of the radar. (3) It is sufficient to qualify an operator that has such knowledge, and training that enables him to properly set up, test, and read the radar. (4) The operator is not required to understand the scientific principles of radar, nor explain its inner workings; in addition, the operator may be qualified to operate the radar after receiving a few hours of instruction. (5) The officer's estimate of excessive speed, from visual observation, when confirmed by the reading of the radar device and when the offending vehicle is out-front, by itself, nearest the unit, is sufficient to identify the vehicle, if the officer's visual observations support the radar evidence. From the case law above, a successful prosecution may depend on the officer's ability to testify to the following points: 1. The qualifications and training of the officer. 2. The time, place and location of the radar device at the time the offense occurred. 3. The location of the offending vehicle at the time the offense occurred. 4. The identification of the offending person as the operator of the vehicle. 5. The identification of the offending person's vehicle. 6. The visual observation of its apparent, excessive speed. 7. The vehicle was out-front, by itself, nearest the radar when the reading was obtained.
24 MICROWAVE RADIATION The following section has been supplied courtesy of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). UPDATE ON POSSIBLE HAZARDS OF TRAFFIC RADAR DEVICES July 20, 1992 TO: CITY, COUNTY, STATE, AND FEDERAL POLICE OFFICIALS Recent stories in the news media have focused attention on the possibility that the traffic radar devices used by police officers might increase their risk of cancer, particularly testicular cancer. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has prepared the following information to inform police officers about what is known--and what remains unknown--about this question. We urge you to make this Update available to the officers under your jurisdiction. Feel free to photocopy this Update as needed. What kind of radiation is emitted by traffic radar units? These devices emit microwave radiation similar to the type produced inside microwave ovens, but at a power level more than 10,000 times lower. The radiation travels from the front of the radar device in a narrow, cone-shaped beam, although some of it may be reflected back from hard surfaces such as metal and glass. The amount of radiation decreases rapidly with distance from the source, so that the farther the devices are kept from the body, the lower the exposure. Is there any experimental evidence that the levels of microwave radiation from a traffic radar device can be dangerous? Although it is known that very high levels of microwave radiation can be harmful, there is no firm experimental evidence at present that the much lower levels of radiation emitted by traffic radar devices can be hazardous. There are some animal studies that suggest that low levels of radar can cause biological changes, but it is not known whether these results apply to humans. Also, most of these studies were done with a different type of microwave radiation than that produced by traffic radar devices. What about the cancers that have occurred in police officers who used traffic radar devices for long periods of time? It is true that some officers who have used these devices have experienced cancer. But it is important to understand that these types of cancers also occur among people who haven't used radar devices. That's why it is not possible to tell whether any individual officer's cancer arose because of the radar, or whether it would have happened anyway. The key question is whether the risk of getting a particular form of cancer is greater among people who work with the radar devices than among the rest of the population. And the only way to answer that question is to compare the cancer rates among radar- using police officers with people who don't work with radar, or with the cancer rates that would be expected in the general population. FDA has made a preliminary comparison between the number of cancers reported in police officers who use traffic radar devices and cancer rates in the general population. Based on case reports we have so far, the comparison does not appear to show a greater cancer rate among the police, but it is too soon to conclude that there is no risk. What's FDA doing to address the question of cancer risk? FDA will continue to evaluate the research performed by microwave scientists around the world to see if their results apply to traffic radar devices. In addition, FDA will work with police organizations to collect more data about the cancer experience of police officers, to see whether they are developing more than the expected number of cancers. To assist us in this effort, any known cases of cancer in police officers using radar should be reported to FDA by calling 1-800-638-6725. Be sure to provide as much information as possible, including the type of radar unit used, how long the individual worked with radar devices, and the specific type of cancer. In the meantime, what can be done to reduce the risk, if there is one? Although it is not known for sure whether traffic radar devices can produce health problems, police officers can take some simple steps which will sharply reduce their exposure to the low-level microwave radiation which these devices emit. 1. Always point the device away from your body, or your partner's body, while it is turned on. 2. Mount fixed radar antennas so that the beam is not pointed at any occupant of the patrol car. 3. Whenever possible, turn off a hand-held unit when it is not in use. If your unit has a "standby" mode, always use it when not measuring the speed of a vehicle. Never rest the unit against your body when it is turned on. 4. When it is on, try to avoid pointing the device toward metal surfaces inside your car, such as the floor or a door, to avoid microwave reflection. (Measurements have shown that the radiation reflected from nonmetallic surfaces, such as glass in the car's windows, is much less intense than that reflected from metal surfaces.) Again, there is no proof at this point that traffic radar devices can be harmful to the police officers who use them. Future information may reveal that these devices are indeed harmless. But until the question is settled, taking the simple precautions outlined above should reduce any possible risk. In the meantime, FDA will continue to provide updates as more information becomes available.
STALKER PATROL EMISSIONS The S PATROL Radar operates with a nominal power output of 15 mw and a maximum of 50 mw of power output and emits low level, non-ionizing radio frequency electromagnetic radiation. The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) has the responsibility for establishing standards with respect to human exposure to radio frequency electromagnetic radiation. The current ANSI C95.1 standard in effect, for frequencies from 1500 MHz to 100,000 MHz, specifies a maximum exposure power density of 5.0 mw/cm² (.005 Watt/cm²) on any part of the body. The S PATROL has a maximum power density of 2.0 mw/cm² that is well below the ANSI standard. REQUIRED MAINTENANCE No user maintenance is required on the S PATROL. However, if any problems are experienced during testing procedures or normal operation, the unit should be taken immediately to your department's radar specialist to determine the extent of the problem. If a malfunction has occurred, the unit will require servicing. Normal care should be taken by the user in handling the S PATROL to preserve the life and usefulness of the equipment. TROUBLESHOOTING PWR key does not function Make sure all cables are mated correctly with their connectors. Check the vehicle cigarette-plug connector for dirty contacts. Check for a blown fuse in the S PATROL cigarette-plug. Low or no speaker volume Press the key on the remote control to adjust the volume. Aud 0 (off) to Aud 4 (highest level). Radar has short range Set range (sensitivity) control to SEn 4 (longest range). Note: Opposite/stationary direction mode and same direction mode sensitivity settings need to be set independently. See page Error! Bookmark not defined.. Radar suffers from patrol speed shadowing If the patrol window indicates an incorrect patrol speed, the PS BLANK key blanks the patrol speed window and acquires a new patrol speed.. See Patrol Speed Shadowing Effect. Press the PS 5/20 key to change the low-end patrol speed from 5 mph to10 or 20 mph, thus preventing a patrol speed lock below 10 or 20 mph. It is not possible to allow patrol speed locking less than 20 mph and to eliminate patrol speed shadowing simultaneously. Shadowing is eliminated when VSS is installed. See Low-End Patrol Speed Selection. Radar will not lock onto patrol speeds below 20 mph Press the PS 5/20 key to change the low-end patrol speed from 20 mph to 10 or 5 mph. See Low-End Patrol Speed Selection. The radar will now be susceptible to patrol speed "shadowing," which can be corrected with the PS BLANK key. Radar has trouble maintaining patrol speed Mount the antenna higher above the dash and/or point antenna slightly down toward the ground. Make sure the wipers are not in the radar beam path. Make sure the windshield does not have paint/mask around the perimeter. Radar picks up vehicle fan and reads 5 to 30 mph in stationary mode Check for proper aiming of antenna. Make sure that the paint/mask or metallic objects are not deflecting the radar beam down into defroster vents. If so, raise antenna above obstruction. See Fan Noise. Radar displays LO V icon Make sure the cigarette-plug is securely installed and the contacts are clean. Radar flashes Hot in display The radar is overheating. Move radar out of direct sun. Do not leave radar operating in a closed vehicle. Radar will not display readings below 10mph Call Customer Service if this is desired. 25
STALKER PATROL MOUNTING OPTIONS The S PATROL radar system can be mounted many ways. As shown in the following drawings, Applied Concepts has designed unique mounting options for the S PATROL. You can count on S PATROL to give you the most flexible mounting options for your radar system! 200-0243-00 - Counting-Unit/Display Unit Dash Mount Mounts Counting/ Display Unit with Velcro (or screws) on top of the dash, radio rack, or any other surface. Also, it can be used to suspend with screws from under the dash. 200-0242-00 - Combination Dash Mount Mounts Counting Unit, Display Unit, or both along with an antenna on top of dash using Velcro (or screws). 200-0502-00 - Antenna Adhesive Glass Mount Attach to windshield or rear window with glass adhesive. A favorite for windshield mounting. 200-0246-00 - Antenna Headliner Mount Attaches front or rear antenna to headliner or window trim/deck with screws. Suspends the antenna from above. Also can be screwed into rear deck and placed upright. 200-0244-00 - Antenna Dash Mount Used to attach an antenna to vehicle dash, rear deck, or lightbar with Velcro or screws. 200-0583-00 - Antenna Swivel Dash Mount Same as the Antenna Dash Mount (left) except this mount has a swiveling base to allow the operator to easily change the angle of the antenna. Attaches to the vehicle with Velcro. SCREWS 26
200-0262-00 - Antenna Mount, Dash w/suction cups Attaches antenna to dash with suction cups and Velcro. Allows 360 degree rotation. 200-0252-00 - Display Hood Kit Attaches to display to shield the LEDs from direct sunlight during daylight operations. Also prevents LED reflections from appearing on the windshield during night operation. Only for non-switch display. 200-0259-00 - Antenna Mirror Clamp Mount Clamps on the existing rear view mirror bracket. 200-0504-00 - Antenna Side Window Mount Slips over top of side window glass and can mount either one or two antennas. 200-0525-00 – Antenna Mount Allows the antenna to be mounted to handlebars or crash bars from ¾” to 1 ½” in diameter. 200-0279-00 – Sealed Remote 200-0524-00 Universal Mounting Bracket For mounting on handlebars from ¾” to 1 ½” in diameter. 27
28 STALKER PATROL OPTIONS The S PATROL offers several performance characteristics which can be formatted from the “menu setup.” Below are some of these features. If your radar does not have a feature listed below and you would like it incorporated, please contact Applied Concepts, Inc. at 1-800-S or your Factory Sales Representative. • S PATROL can be interfaced with most In-Car Video systems, computers, printers, etc. The “menu” offers a variety of pre-programmed baud rates; 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600 and 115200. • Message format can be selected for displaying on video systems, computer, printer, etc. • Minimum Stationary speed display can be selected to start at either 2 mph or 12 mph. Factory setting is 12 mph. • Various “locking” options can be selected. Normal Factory setting is both Target and Patrol. Speeds are locked with the Locked key depressed. Some states have other requirements. The unit is factory set for your state requirements. Choices are Lock only Target Speed; Lock neither Target nor Patrol Speeds, and Automatically Clears Lock within 15 minutes. • The Harmonic Suppression indicator is a decimal point in the Target window. It lights up when double suppression is suppressing the target display. This is turned off in the normal factory setting. • Faster Speed Tracking comes standard with all S PATROLs. This feature can be disabled if not desired. • Audio loudness can be set for High or Low. All switch displays are set on High. All non-switch displays are set on Low. • The S PATROL can be set to be utilized as only a stationary radar. • Selecting speed readings in miles or kilometers per hour is a menu selectable feature. • Either one or two antenna operation can be selected. Factory setting is for two antennae unless specified on the order. This allows for easy upgrade to a dual antenna. • For Michigan customers, there is a special sensitivity (range) setting: the radar allows settings of 0 through 4 instead of the normal 1 through 4 selections. Other menu selections are preset at the factory. We encourage all menu selections to be done by the factory, by factory authorized service centers, or factory sales agents.
29 WARRANTY Manufacturer warrants this traffic speed radar to the original purchaser to be free of defects. At its discretion, the manufacturer agrees to repair or replace all radar components that fail due to defective materials or workmanship for a period of two (2) years from the date of purchase. During the warranty period, there will be no charge for repair labor or parts. Purchaser shall return the failed unit to the factory or authorized service center, freight prepaid. The manufacturer will pay return shipping. This warranty applies only to internal electronic components and circuitry. Warranty excludes normal wear-and-tear such as frayed cords, broken connectors, scratched or broken cases, or physical abuse. Manufacturer reserves the right to charge for defects and/or damages resulting from abuse or extraordinary environmental damage to the unit during the warranty period at rates normally charged for repairing such units not covered under warranty. Seller warrants the radar devices manufactured by Applied Concepts, Inc. are designed to perform the function of determining the speed of motor vehicles. The foregoing warranty is exclusive, in lieu of all other warranties, of quality, fitness, or merchantability, whether written, oral, or implied. As a further limit on warranty, and as an expressed warning, the user should be aware that harmful personal contact may be made with seller's radar devices in the event of violent maneuvers, collisions, or other circumstances, even though said radar devices are installed and used according to instructions. Applied Concepts, Inc. specifically disclaims any liability for injury caused by the radar devices in all such circumstances. Note: We have several Factory Authorized Service Centers located throughout the country. For the Service Center nearest you, call the factory at 1-800-S (1-800-782-5537).
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