Avaya Configuring X 25 Services Users Manual V13.00, X.25

2015-06-01

: Avaya Avaya-Configuring-X-25-Services-Users-Manual-734650 avaya-configuring-x-25-services-users-manual-734650 avaya pdf

Open the PDF directly: View PDF .
Page Count: 272

Download
Open PDF In Browser	View PDF

Configuring
X.25 Services

BayRS Version 13.00
Site Manager Software Version 7.00

Part No. 303547-A Rev 00
October 1998

4401 Great America Parkway
Santa Clara, CA 95054

8 Federal Street
Billerica, MA 01821

Copyright © 1998 Bay Networks, Inc.
All rights reserved. Printed in the USA. October 1998.
The information in this document is subject to change without notice. The statements, configurations, technical data,
and recommendations in this document are believed to be accurate and reliable, but are presented without express or
implied warranty. Users must take full responsibility for their applications of any products specified in this document.
The information in this document is proprietary to Bay Networks, Inc.
The software described in this document is furnished under a license agreement and may only be used in accordance
with the terms of that license. A summary of the Software License is included in this document.

Trademarks
ACE, AFN, AN, BCN, BLN, BN, BNX, CN, FRE, LN, Optivity, PPX, Quick2Config, and Bay Networks are
registered trademarks and Advanced Remote Node, ANH, ARN, ASN, BayRS, BaySecure, BayStack, BayStream,
BCC, BCNX, BLNX, EZ Install, EZ Internetwork, EZ LAN, FN, IP AutoLearn, PathMan, RouterMan, SN, SPEX,
Switch Node, System 5000, and the Bay Networks logo are trademarks of Bay Networks, Inc.
Microsoft, MS, MS-DOS, Win32, Windows, and Windows NT are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.
All other trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners.

Restricted Rights Legend
Use, duplication, or disclosure by the United States Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph
(c)(1)(ii) of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS 252.227-7013.
Notwithstanding any other license agreement that may pertain to, or accompany the delivery of, this computer
software, the rights of the United States Government regarding its use, reproduction, and disclosure are as set forth in
the Commercial Computer Software-Restricted Rights clause at FAR 52.227-19.

Statement of Conditions
In the interest of improving internal design, operational function, and/or reliability, Bay Networks, Inc. reserves the
right to make changes to the products described in this document without notice.
Bay Networks, Inc. does not assume any liability that may occur due to the use or application of the product(s) or
circuit layout(s) described herein.
Portions of the code in this software product may be Copyright © 1988, Regents of the University of California. All
rights reserved. Redistribution and use in source and binary forms of such portions are permitted, provided that the
above copyright notice and this paragraph are duplicated in all such forms and that any documentation, advertising
materials, and other materials related to such distribution and use acknowledge that such portions of the software were
developed by the University of California, Berkeley. The name of the University may not be used to endorse or
promote products derived from such portions of the software without specific prior written permission.
SUCH PORTIONS OF THE SOFTWARE ARE PROVIDED “AS IS” AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
In addition, the program and information contained herein are licensed only pursuant to a license agreement that
contains restrictions on use and disclosure (that may incorporate by reference certain limitations and notices imposed
by third parties).

303547-A Rev 00

Bay Networks, Inc. Software License Agreement
NOTICE: Please carefully read this license agreement before copying or using the accompanying software or
installing the hardware unit with pre-enabled software (each of which is referred to as “Software” in this Agreement).
BY COPYING OR USING THE SOFTWARE, YOU ACCEPT ALL OF THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF
THIS LICENSE AGREEMENT. THE TERMS EXPRESSED IN THIS AGREEMENT ARE THE ONLY TERMS
UNDER WHICH BAY NETWORKS WILL PERMIT YOU TO USE THE SOFTWARE. If you do not accept these
terms and conditions, return the product, unused and in the original shipping container, within 30 days of purchase to
obtain a credit for the full purchase price.
1. License Grant. Bay Networks, Inc. (“Bay Networks”) grants the end user of the Software (“Licensee”) a personal,
nonexclusive, nontransferable license: a) to use the Software either on a single computer or, if applicable, on a single
authorized device identified by host ID, for which it was originally acquired; b) to copy the Software solely for backup
purposes in support of authorized use of the Software; and c) to use and copy the associated user manual solely in
support of authorized use of the Software by Licensee. This license applies to the Software only and does not extend
to Bay Networks Agent software or other Bay Networks software products. Bay Networks Agent software or other
Bay Networks software products are licensed for use under the terms of the applicable Bay Networks, Inc. Software
License Agreement that accompanies such software and upon payment by the end user of the applicable license fees
for such software.
2. Restrictions on use; reservation of rights. The Software and user manuals are protected under copyright laws.
Bay Networks and/or its licensors retain all title and ownership in both the Software and user manuals, including any
revisions made by Bay Networks or its licensors. The copyright notice must be reproduced and included with any
copy of any portion of the Software or user manuals. Licensee may not modify, translate, decompile, disassemble, use
for any competitive analysis, reverse engineer, distribute, or create derivative works from the Software or user manuals
or any copy, in whole or in part. Except as expressly provided in this Agreement, Licensee may not copy or transfer
the Software or user manuals, in whole or in part. The Software and user manuals embody Bay Networks’ and its
licensors’ confidential and proprietary intellectual property. Licensee shall not sublicense, assign, or otherwise
disclose to any third party the Software, or any information about the operation, design, performance, or
implementation of the Software and user manuals that is confidential to Bay Networks and its licensors; however,
Licensee may grant permission to its consultants, subcontractors, and agents to use the Software at Licensee’s facility,
provided they have agreed to use the Software only in accordance with the terms of this license.
3. Limited warranty. Bay Networks warrants each item of Software, as delivered by Bay Networks and properly
installed and operated on Bay Networks hardware or other equipment it is originally licensed for, to function
substantially as described in its accompanying user manual during its warranty period, which begins on the date
Software is first shipped to Licensee. If any item of Software fails to so function during its warranty period, as the sole
remedy Bay Networks will at its discretion provide a suitable fix, patch, or workaround for the problem that may be
included in a future Software release. Bay Networks further warrants to Licensee that the media on which the
Software is provided will be free from defects in materials and workmanship under normal use for a period of 90 days
from the date Software is first shipped to Licensee. Bay Networks will replace defective media at no charge if it is
returned to Bay Networks during the warranty period along with proof of the date of shipment. This warranty does not
apply if the media has been damaged as a result of accident, misuse, or abuse. The Licensee assumes all responsibility
for selection of the Software to achieve Licensee’s intended results and for the installation, use, and results obtained
from the Software. Bay Networks does not warrant a) that the functions contained in the software will meet the
Licensee’s requirements, b) that the Software will operate in the hardware or software combinations that the Licensee
may select, c) that the operation of the Software will be uninterrupted or error free, or d) that all defects in the
operation of the Software will be corrected. Bay Networks is not obligated to remedy any Software defect that cannot
be reproduced with the latest Software release. These warranties do not apply to the Software if it has been (i) altered,
except by Bay Networks or in accordance with its instructions; (ii) used in conjunction with another vendor’s product,
resulting in the defect; or (iii) damaged by improper environment, abuse, misuse, accident, or negligence. THE
FOREGOING WARRANTIES AND LIMITATIONS ARE EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES AND ARE IN LIEU OF ALL
OTHER WARRANTIES EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION ANY WARRANTY OF
MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Licensee is responsible for the security of

303547-A Rev 00

iii

its own data and information and for maintaining adequate procedures apart from the Software to reconstruct lost or
altered files, data, or programs.
4. Limitation of liability. IN NO EVENT WILL BAY NETWORKS OR ITS LICENSORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY
COST OF SUBSTITUTE PROCUREMENT; SPECIAL, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
DAMAGES; OR ANY DAMAGES RESULTING FROM INACCURATE OR LOST DATA OR LOSS OF USE OR
PROFITS ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE PERFORMANCE OF THE SOFTWARE, EVEN
IF BAY NETWORKS HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. IN NO EVENT
SHALL THE LIABILITY OF BAY NETWORKS RELATING TO THE SOFTWARE OR THIS AGREEMENT
EXCEED THE PRICE PAID TO BAY NETWORKS FOR THE SOFTWARE LICENSE.
5. Government Licensees. This provision applies to all Software and documentation acquired directly or indirectly
by or on behalf of the United States Government. The Software and documentation are commercial products, licensed
on the open market at market prices, and were developed entirely at private expense and without the use of any U.S.
Government funds. The license to the U.S. Government is granted only with restricted rights, and use, duplication, or
disclosure by the U.S. Government is subject to the restrictions set forth in subparagraph (c)(1) of the Commercial
Computer Software––Restricted Rights clause of FAR 52.227-19 and the limitations set out in this license for civilian
agencies, and subparagraph (c)(1)(ii) of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause of DFARS
252.227-7013, for agencies of the Department of Defense or their successors, whichever is applicable.
6. Use of Software in the European Community. This provision applies to all Software acquired for use within the
European Community. If Licensee uses the Software within a country in the European Community, the Software
Directive enacted by the Council of European Communities Directive dated 14 May, 1991, will apply to the
examination of the Software to facilitate interoperability. Licensee agrees to notify Bay Networks of any such
intended examination of the Software and may procure support and assistance from Bay Networks.
7. Term and termination. This license is effective until terminated; however, all of the restrictions with respect to
Bay Networks’ copyright in the Software and user manuals will cease being effective at the date of expiration of the
Bay Networks copyright; those restrictions relating to use and disclosure of Bay Networks’ confidential information
shall continue in effect. Licensee may terminate this license at any time. The license will automatically terminate if
Licensee fails to comply with any of the terms and conditions of the license. Upon termination for any reason,
Licensee will immediately destroy or return to Bay Networks the Software, user manuals, and all copies. Bay
Networks is not liable to Licensee for damages in any form solely by reason of the termination of this license.
8. Export and Re-export. Licensee agrees not to export, directly or indirectly, the Software or related technical data
or information without first obtaining any required export licenses or other governmental approvals. Without limiting
the foregoing, Licensee, on behalf of itself and its subsidiaries and affiliates, agrees that it will not, without first
obtaining all export licenses and approvals required by the U.S. Government: (i) export, re-export, transfer, or divert
any such Software or technical data, or any direct product thereof, to any country to which such exports or re-exports
are restricted or embargoed under United States export control laws and regulations, or to any national or resident of
such restricted or embargoed countries; or (ii) provide the Software or related technical data or information to any
military end user or for any military end use, including the design, development, or production of any chemical,
nuclear, or biological weapons.
9. General. If any provision of this Agreement is held to be invalid or unenforceable by a court of competent
jurisdiction, the remainder of the provisions of this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect. This Agreement
will be governed by the laws of the state of California.
Should you have any questions concerning this Agreement, contact Bay Networks, Inc., 4401 Great America
Parkway, P.O. Box 58185, Santa Clara, California 95054-8185.
LICENSEE ACKNOWLEDGES THAT LICENSEE HAS READ THIS AGREEMENT, UNDERSTANDS IT, AND
AGREES TO BE BOUND BY ITS TERMS AND CONDITIONS. LICENSEE FURTHER AGREES THAT THIS
AGREEMENT IS THE ENTIRE AND EXCLUSIVE AGREEMENT BETWEEN BAY NETWORKS AND
LICENSEE, WHICH SUPERSEDES ALL PRIOR ORAL AND WRITTEN AGREEMENTS AND
COMMUNICATIONS BETWEEN THE PARTIES PERTAINING TO THE SUBJECT MATTER OF THIS
AGREEMENT. NO DIFFERENT OR ADDITIONAL TERMS WILL BE ENFORCEABLE AGAINST BAY
NETWORKS UNLESS BAY NETWORKS GIVES ITS EXPRESS WRITTEN CONSENT, INCLUDING AN
EXPRESS WAIVER OF THE TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT.

303547-A Rev 00

Contents

Preface
Before You Begin ............................................................................................................. xv
Text Conventions .............................................................................................................xvi
Acronyms ........................................................................................................................xvii
Bay Networks Technical Publications ..............................................................................xix
How to Get Help .............................................................................................................. xx
Chapter 1
X.25 Overview
Introduction .....................................................................................................................1-2
X.25 Interface .................................................................................................................1-2
X.25 and the OSI Model .................................................................................................1-3
Physical Layer ..........................................................................................................1-4
Data Link Layer ........................................................................................................1-4
Link Access Procedure Balanced Protocol ........................................................1-5
LAPB Implementation on Bay Networks Routers ..............................................1-6
Network Layer ..........................................................................................................1-6
X.25 Service Types .........................................................................................................1-6
PVCs and SVCs .............................................................................................................1-8
How X.25 Services Work ................................................................................................1-8
PVC Services ...........................................................................................................1-8
Configuring X.25 PVCs for IP, IPX, and DECnet ...............................................1-8
Configuring X.25 PVCs for OSI .........................................................................1-9
SVC Services ...........................................................................................................1-9
Determining the X.121 Destination ..................................................................1-10
Establishing an SVC ........................................................................................1-11
Transmitting Data .............................................................................................1-13

303547-A Rev 00

IPEX .............................................................................................................................1-14
How IPEX Works ..........................................................................................................1-14
Levels of Tunneling .................................................................................................1-15
IPEX Network Interfaces ..............................................................................................1-15
X.25 PLP Interface .................................................................................................1-16
TCP Interface .........................................................................................................1-16
IPEX Facility Support ....................................................................................................1-17
Sequence of Connections with IPEX ............................................................................1-17
IPEX Mapping ...............................................................................................................1-19
Mapping Types .......................................................................................................1-19
IPEX Connection Summary ..........................................................................................1-19
IPEX Handling of Large Data Messages (M-Bit) ..........................................................1-20
How X.25 Handles Large Data Messages .............................................................1-21
How TCP Handles Large Data Messages .............................................................1-21
Q-Bit Support .........................................................................................................1-21
X.25 PAD ......................................................................................................................1-21
QLLC ............................................................................................................................1-22
QLLC and DLSw or APPN .....................................................................................1-22
NPSI .......................................................................................................................1-22
How QLLC Works .........................................................................................................1-23
Sequence of Connections with QLLC ....................................................................1-23
QLLC Address Mapping ...............................................................................................1-23
QLLC Adjacent and Partner Devices ............................................................................1-23
Wildcard Mapping, Simply Configured .........................................................................1-24
Configuring Wildcard Mapping for LLC Endstations to a QLLC Host .....................1-24
Configuring Wildcard Mapping for QLLC Endstations to LLC Hosts ......................1-25
Wildcard Mapping and Backward Compatibility ............................................................1-25
Coordinating X.25 and DLSw Parameters for QLLC ....................................................1-25
Chapter 2
Implementation Notes
Data Compression ..........................................................................................................2-2
Load Sharing ..................................................................................................................2-2
Clocking Sources for Routers Set Back-to-Back ............................................................2-2
Packet-Level Parameters:
Max Window Size and Max Packet Length .....................................................................2-3
vi

303547-A Rev 00

Flow-Control Negotiation ................................................................................................2-3
Configuring LAPB for an AN or ASN ..............................................................................2-4
Configuring Synchronous Lines with X.25 ......................................................................2-5
DDN Default Service Record ..........................................................................................2-5
RFC 1356 Multiplexing ...................................................................................................2-6
PtoP Encapsulation ........................................................................................................2-8
X.25 over ISDN D Channel .............................................................................................2-8
IPEX Local Switching and X.25 over the D Channel ......................................................2-8
Requirements and Limitations ..................................................................................2-8
Using Regular ISDN and X.25 over the ISDN D Channel ........................................2-9
For More Information ................................................................................................2-9
Chapter 3
Enabling X.25 Service
Preparing a Configuration File ........................................................................................3-1
Enabling X.25 on an Interface ........................................................................................3-2
Selecting a Connector ....................................................................................................3-2
Configuring X.25 Packet-Level Parameters ....................................................................3-3
Adding X.25 Network Service Records ..........................................................................3-4
Adding X.25 Network Service Records to a
Previously Configured Interface ......................................................................................3-5
Chapter 4
Editing X.25 Parameters
Editing the X.25 Global Parameter .................................................................................4-2
Editing X.25 Packet-Level Parameters ...........................................................................4-2
Editing X.25 Network Service Records ..........................................................................4-3
Deleting X.25 Network Service Records ........................................................................4-4
Deleting X.25 from the Router ........................................................................................4-4
Chapter 5
Configuring LAPB
Properties of the LAPB Protocol .....................................................................................5-1
Editing LAPB Parameters ...............................................................................................5-2

303547-A Rev 00

vii

Chapter 6
Configuring IPEX
Accessing IPEX Global Parameters ...............................................................................6-2
Configuring IPEX Mapping Entries .................................................................................6-2
Adding an IPEX Mapping Table Entry ............................................................................6-2
Setting the Type Parameter ......................................................................................6-3
Choosing a Source Connection Type .......................................................................6-4
Choosing a Mapping Type ........................................................................................6-4
Mapping Source and Destination Addresses ...........................................................6-5
Editing IPEX Mapping Table Entries ...............................................................................6-6
Deleting IPEX Mapping Table Entries .............................................................................6-6
Deleting IPEX from the Router .......................................................................................6-7
Chapter 7
Enabling and Configuring X.25 PAD Services
Enabling X.25 PAD Services ..........................................................................................7-2
Configuring X.25 PAD Ports ...........................................................................................7-3
Choosing an X.25 Service Type .....................................................................................7-3
Editing X.25 PAD Global Parameters .............................................................................7-4
Configuring X.25 PAD Port Parameters ..........................................................................7-5
Configuring Intelligent Serial Daughter Board (ISDB) Parameters .................................7-6
Disabling X.25 PAD Services on the ISDB ...............................................................7-7
Editing the ISDB Port Parameters ............................................................................7-7
Configuring Port-to-Port Communication on the Same
X.25 PAD ........................................................................................................................7-8
Initiating X.25 PAD Calls .................................................................................................7-8
Changing Between Command Mode and Data Transfer Mode ................................7-9
X.25 PAD Commands .....................................................................................................7-9
Managing the ISDB with Subcommands ......................................................................7-10
Subcommand Definitions .......................................................................................7-11
Using isdb Subcommands: An Example ................................................................7-13

viii

303547-A Rev 00

Chapter 8
Configuring QLLC
Configuring QLLC Mapping Entries ................................................................................8-2
Adding a QLLC Mapping Table Entry .............................................................................8-2
Setting Service Record Parameters for QLLC .........................................................8-2
Adding a Mapping Entry ...........................................................................................8-3
Editing a QLLC Mapping Table Entry .............................................................................8-4
Deleting a QLLC Mapping Table Entry ...........................................................................8-5
Deleting QLLC from the Router ......................................................................................8-6
Appendix A
Site Manager Parameters
X.25 Global Parameter .................................................................................................. A-2
X.25 Packet-Level Parameters ...................................................................................... A-3
X.25 Network Service Record Parameters .................................................................. A-27
LAPB Parameters ........................................................................................................ A-42
IPEX Global Parameters ............................................................................................. A-49
IPEX Mapping Parameters .......................................................................................... A-51
IPEX Parameters for PVC and SVC Connections ................................................. A-52
IPEX Parameters for TCP Connections ................................................................ A-55
Additional IPEX Mapping Parameters ................................................................... A-56
X.25 PAD Global Parameters ...................................................................................... A-61
X.25 PAD Port Parameters .......................................................................................... A-63
ISDB Global Parameter .............................................................................................. A-78
ISDB Port Parameters ................................................................................................. A-79
QLLC Parameters ........................................................................................................ A-84
Appendix B
X.25 Default Parameter Settings
Appendix C
Sample IPEX Configurations
IPEX Mapping Example ................................................................................................. C-1
IPEX Single-Node Switching ......................................................................................... C-4
Configuring IPEX Local X.25 Switching .................................................................. C-4
Configuring the PVC or SVC Connection ......................................................... C-5
Configuring the TCP Connection ...................................................................... C-7

303547-A Rev 00

Appendix D
QLLC Technical Supplement
QLLC Configuration Examples ...................................................................................... D-1
Sample Network Topologies .................................................................................... D-1
Upstream QLLC Network ................................................................................. D-1
Downstream QLLC Network ............................................................................. D-4
Endpoint QLLC Network ................................................................................... D-6
Backbone QLLC Network ................................................................................. D-8
Wildcard Mapping for Complicated Networks .............................................................. D-10
Making Wildcards .................................................................................................. D-10
Concatenating Wildcards ...................................................................................... D-11
Wildcard Configuration Rules ................................................................................ D-13
Wildcard Overlaps ................................................................................................. D-15
Searching the Maps ........................................................................................ D-15
Individual Station-to-Host Mapping .............................................................................. D-15
Appendix E
X.25 PAD Technical Supplement
The isdb Subcommands ................................................................................................ E-1
Using the isdb help Command ................................................................................ E-1
Using isdb Subcommands ...................................................................................... E-1
X.25 PAD Cause Codes .............................................................................................. E-25
Appendix F
IPEX Cause and Diagnostic Codes
IPEX Originated Cause Code in Disconnect Request Packet ........................................F-1
IPEX Originated Diagnostic Codes in Clear Request Packet .........................................F-1
IPEX Originated Diagnostic Codes Due to TCP Error ....................................................F-1
X.25 Originated Cause and Diagnostic Codes Associated with Clear Request Packets F-3
X.25 Originated Cause and Diagnostic Codes Associated with Restart Packets ...........F-7
X.25 Originated Cause and Diagnostic Codes Associated with Diagnostic Packets ......F-8
X.25 Originated Cause and Diagnostic Codes Associated with Reset Packets .............F-9
Appendix G
ASCII Character Set
Index

303547-A Rev 00

Figures

Figure 1-1.

X.25 Network ...........................................................................................1-2

Figure 1-2.

OSI/X.25 Correspondence .......................................................................1-4

Figure 1-3.

LAPB Frame .............................................................................................1-5

Figure 1-4.

Sample X.25 Configuration ......................................................................1-9

Figure 1-5.

Virtual Circuit Connecting Bay Networks Routers .................................1-10

Figure 1-6.

X.25 Call Request Packet Format ..........................................................1-11

Figure 1-7.

Setting Up an X.25 Call Connection ......................................................1-12

Figure 1-8.

Routing IP Traffic Across the X.25 Network ...........................................1-13

Figure 1-9.

Sample Network Topology with TCP/IP Tunneling and IPEX .................1-14

Figure 1-10. Levels of Tunneling with IPEX ................................................................1-15
Figure 1-11. How IPEX Establishes Connections ......................................................1-18
Figure 1-12. Role of the X.25 and TCP Protocol Stacks in IPEX ...............................1-20
Figure 2-1.

RFC 1356 Null Encapsulation ..................................................................2-7

Figure 2-2.

RFC 1356 Normal Encapsulation ............................................................2-7

Figure C-1.

Sample Configuration for Mapping Parameters ...................................... C-1

Figure C-2.

IPEX Mapping Parameters for Local SVC Connection Type ................... C-2

Figure C-3.

IPEX Mapping Parameters for Local TCP Connection Type ................... C-2

Figure C-4.

IPEX Mapping Parameters for Remote SVC Connection Type ............... C-3

Figure C-5.

IPEX Mapping Parameters for Remote TCP Connection Type ............... C-3

Figure C-6.

IPEX Single-Node Switching ................................................................... C-4

Figure D-1.

Upstream QLLC Network ........................................................................ D-3

Figure D-2.

Downstream QLLC Network ................................................................... D-5

Figure D-3.

Endpoint QLLC Network ......................................................................... D-7

Figure D-4.

X.25 Backbone QLLC Network ............................................................... D-9

303547-A Rev 00

Tables

Table 2-1.

X.25 Packet-Level Parameters .................................................................2-4

Table 2-2.

X.25 Service Record Parameters ............................................................2-4

Table 2-3.

Synchronous Line Parameter Defaults for X.25 .......................................2-5

Table 7-1.

X.25 PAD Commands .............................................................................7-9

Table A-1.

Parameter Settings for Flow-Control Negotiation ................................. A-14

Table A-2.

User Facilities and Codes ..................................................................... A-39

Table A-3.

XID Forwarding Options ........................................................................ A-89

Table A-4.

Trace Options ........................................................................................ A-90

Table B-1.

X.25 Global Parameter ........................................................................... B-1

Table B-2.

X.25 Packet-Level Parameters ............................................................... B-1

Table B-3.

X.25 Network Service Record Parameters ............................................ B-4

Table B-4.

LAPB Parameters ................................................................................... B-5

Table B-5.

IPEX Global Parameters ......................................................................... B-6

Table B-6.

IPEX Mapping Parameters ...................................................................... B-6

Table B-7.

X.25 PAD Global Parameters .................................................................. B-7

Table B-8.

X.25 PAD Port Parameters ..................................................................... B-8

Table B-9.

ISDB Global Parameter ........................................................................... B-9

Table B-10.

ISDB Port Parameters ............................................................................. B-9

Table B-11.

QLLC Parameters ................................................................................. B-10

Table D-1.

Characters in Wildcard Addresses ....................................................... D-10

Table D-2.

Concatenation Rules and Operators for Wildcards .............................. D-11

Table D-3.

Multi-Character Concatenation Operators for Wildcards ...................... D-13

Table D-4.

Wildcard Configuration Rules .............................................................. D-13

Table E-1.

ISDB Subcommands .............................................................................. E-2

303547-A Rev 00

xiii

Preface

This guide describes the X.25 protocol and what you do to start and customize
X.25 services on a Bay Networks® router.

Before You Begin
Before using this guide, you must complete the following procedures. For a new
router:
•

Install the router (refer to the installation guide that came with your router).

•

Connect the router to the network and create a pilot configuration file (see
Quick-Starting Routers, Configuring BayStack Remote Access, or Connecting
ASN Routers to a Network).

Make sure that you are running the latest version of Bay Networks Site Manager
and router software. For instructions, refer to the upgrade guide.

303547-A Rev 00

Configuring X.25 Services

Text Conventions
This guide uses the following text conventions:
angle brackets (< >)

Indicate that you choose the text to enter based on the
description inside the brackets. Do not type the
brackets when entering the command.
Example: If the command syntax is:
ping , you enter:
ping 192.32.10.12

bold text

Indicates text that you need to enter and command
names and options.
Example: Enter show ip {alerts | routes}
Example: Use the dinfo command.

italic text

Indicates file and directory names, new terms, book
titles, and variables in command syntax descriptions.
Where a variable is two or more words, the words are
connected by an underscore.
Example: If the command syntax is:
show at
valid_route is one variable and you substitute one value

for it.
screen text

Indicates system output, for example, prompts and
system messages.
Example: Set Bay Networks Trap Monitor Filters

separator ( > )

Shows menu paths.
Example: Protocols > IP identifies the IP option on the
Protocols menu.

vertical line ( | )

Separates choices for command keywords and
arguments. Enter only one of the choices. Do not type
the vertical line when entering the command.
Example: If the command syntax is:
show ip {alerts | routes}, you enter either:
show ip alerts or show ip routes, but not both.

xvi

303547-A Rev 00

Preface

Acronyms

303547-A Rev 00

ATM

Asynchronous Transfer Mode

APPN

Advanced Peer-to-Peer Networking

BFE

Blacker front-end encryption

BofL

Breath of Life (message)

CUG

closed user group

CUGOA

closed user group with outgoing access

DCE

data circuit-terminating equipment

DDN

Defense Data Network

DLSw

Data Link Switching

DNIC

data network identification code

DTE

data terminal equipment

FEP

front-end processor

FDDI

Fiber Distributed Data Interface

FTP

File Transfer Protocol

HDLC

High-level Data Link Control

IEEE

Institute of Electrical Engineers

Internet Protocol

IPEX

IP Encapsulation of X.25

ISDN

Integrated Services Digital Network

ISO

International Organization for Standardization

ITU-T

International Telecommunication UnionTelecommunication Standardization Sector (formerly
CCITT)

LAN

local area network

LAP

Link Access Procedure

LAPB

Link Access Procedure Balanced

LAPD

Link Access Procedure on the D Channel
xvii

Configuring X.25 Services

xviii

LCN

logical channel number

LLC

Logical Link Control

M-bit

More bit

MAC

media access control

MCT1

Multichannel T1

MIB

management information base

MTU

maximum transmission unit

NCP

Network Control Program

NPSI

NCP Packet Switching Interface

NUI

Network User Identification

OSI

Open Systems Interconnection

OSPF

Open Shortest Path First

PAD

packet assembler/disassembler

PDN

Public Data Network

PDU

protocol data unit

PLP

Packet Layer Protocol

PPP

Point-to-Point Protocol

PSN

packet-switching network

PtoP

Point-to-Point

PVC

permanent virtual circuit

Q-bit

Qualified data bit

QLLC

Qualified Logical Link Control

RPOA

recognized private operating agencies

SAP

service access point

SDLC

Synchronous Data Link Control

SNA

Systems Network Architecture

SNMP

Simple Network Management Protocol

SNPA

Subnetwork Point of Attachment

SVC

switched virtual circuit
303547-A Rev 00

Preface

TCP

Transmission Control Protocol

TCP/IP

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol

TE1

Terminal Equipment Type 1

virtual circuit

WAN

wide area network

XID

exchange identification

Bay Networks Technical Publications
You can now print Bay Networks technical manuals and release notes free,
directly from the Internet. Go to support.baynetworks.com/library/tpubs/. Find the
Bay Networks product for which you need documentation. Then locate the
specific category and model or version for your hardware or software product.
Using Adobe Acrobat Reader, you can open the manuals and release notes, search
for the sections you need, and print them on most standard printers. You can
download Acrobat Reader free from the Adobe Systems Web site,
www.adobe.com.
You can purchase Bay Networks documentation sets, CDs, and selected technical
publications through the Bay Networks Collateral Catalog. The catalog is located
on the World Wide Web at support.baynetworks.com/catalog.html and is divided
into sections arranged alphabetically:
•

The “CD ROMs” section lists available CDs.

•

The “Guides/Books” section lists books on technical topics.

•

The “Technical Manuals” section lists available printed documentation sets.

Make a note of the part numbers and prices of the items that you want to order.
Use the “Marketing Collateral Catalog description” link to place an order and to
print the order form.

303547-A Rev 00

xix

Configuring X.25 Services

How to Get Help
For product assistance, support contracts, or information about educational
services, go to the following URL:
http://www.baynetworks.com/corporate/contacts/
Or telephone the Bay Networks Technical Solutions Center at:
800-2LANWAN

303547-A Rev 00

Chapter 1
X.25 Overview

The following sections present an overview of X.25.

303547-A Rev 00

Topic

Page

Introduction

1-2

X.25 Interface

1-2

X.25 and the OSI Model

1-3

X.25 Service Types

1-6

PVCs and SVCs

1-8

How X.25 Services Work

1-8

IPEX

1-14

How IPEX Works

1-14

IPEX Network Interfaces

1-15

IPEX Facility Support

1-17

Sequence of Connections with IPEX

1-17

IPEX Mapping

1-19

IPEX Connection Summary

1-19

IPEX Handling of Large Data Messages (M-Bit)

1-20

X.25 PAD

1-21

QLLC

1-22

How QLLC Works

1-23

QLLC Address Mapping

1-23

QLLC Adjacent and Partner Devices

1-23

Wildcard Mapping, Simply Configured

1-24

Wildcard Mapping and Backward Compatibility

1-25

Coordinating X.25 and DLSw Parameters for QLLC

1-25

1-1

Configuring X.25 Services

Introduction
The X.25 Protocol transports LAN traffic to packet-switching networks (PSNs).
X.25 allows many different kinds of equipment to communicate across networks
at a relatively low cost.
Common carriers, mainly the telephone companies, designed X.25. An agency of
the United Nations, the International Telecommunication
Union-Telecommunications sector (ITU-T, formerly CCITT), administers the
X.25 Protocol. X.25 is a global standard, and is the dominant communications
protocol in use around the world today.

X.25 Interface
X.25 defines the interaction across PSNs between data terminal equipment (DTE)
and data circuit-terminating equipment (DCE). DTEs include devices such as
terminals, hosts, and routers; DCEs include devices such as modems, packet
switches, and other ports.
Figure 1-1 shows an X.25 network. A DTE (in this case, Router A) connects to a
DCE in the PSN. The PSN connects to another DCE and, finally, to another DTE
(Router B).

PSN
Virtual circuit

Virtual circuit
DCE

Router A (DTE)

DCE
Router B (DTE)
X250001A

Figure 1-1.

1-2

X.25 Network

303547-A Rev 00

X.25 Overview

To begin communication, one DTE device (for example, a router) calls another
DTE to request a data exchange session. The called DTE can accept or refuse the
connection. If the called DTE accepts the connection, the two systems begin
full-duplex data transfer. Either side can terminate the connection at any time.
Because Public Data Networks (PDNs), the most commonly used type of PSN,
typically use error-prone analog lines, the X.25 Protocol provides extensive error
checking, recovery, and packet sequencing.
A DTE can be a device that does not itself implement X.25. In this case, the DTE
connects to a DCE through a packet assembler/disassembler (PAD), which is a
device that translates data into packet form.

X.25 and the OSI Model
The Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Basic Reference Model combines a
nonproprietary structured computer system architecture with a set of common
communication protocols. It comprises seven layers. Each layer provides specific
functions or services and follows the corresponding OSI communications
protocols to perform those services.
The X.25 Protocol focuses on three of the seven layers in the OSI model: the
physical layer, the data link layer, and the network, or packet, layer. As you read
the following sections, refer to Figure 1-2, which illustrates the correspondence
between X.25 and the OSI model. Figure 1-2 conforms to the typical rendering of
the OSI model, which depicts the physical layer at the bottom of the protocol
stack, and refers to succeeding layers as representing higher-level protocols.

303547-A Rev 00

1-3

Configuring X.25 Services

OSI model

Network layer

Data link layer

Physical layer

X.25 protocol

X.25 packet layer

LAPB

X.21, X.21bis/RS232C,
RS449/422, and V.35

X250003A

Figure 1-2.

OSI/X.25 Correspondence

Physical Layer
The physical layer transmits bits across the physical connection or modem
interface. Bay Networks supports all of the standard media for X.25 transmission:
X.21, X.21bis/RS232C, RS449/422, and V.35.

Data Link Layer
The data link layer defines the link access procedures for transferring frames of
data accurately and reliably across the access lines between the DTE and the
DCE.

1-4

303547-A Rev 00

X.25 Overview

Link Access Procedure Balanced Protocol
X.25 uses the Link Access Procedure Balanced (LAPB) protocol at the data link
layer to:
•

Initialize the link between the DTE and the local DCE device

•

Frame X.25 data packets before transmitting them to the DCE

LAPB is a version of high-level data link control (HDLC), which is an OSI
standard.
Figure 1-3 shows the LAPB frame. The LAPB Information field contains the X.25
data packet. When an X.25 packet reaches the destination router, the LAPB
protocol strips away the LAPB frame and delivers the packet to the network layer
for further processing.

X.25 packet

Flag

Control

Address

Information

Frame
check
sequence

Flag

X250004A

Figure 1-3.

303547-A Rev 00

LAPB Frame

1-5

Configuring X.25 Services

LAPB Implementation on Bay Networks Routers
The implementation of the LAPB protocol on the AN® and ASN™ routers, and on
BN ® and LN® routers with an Octal Sync link module, differs from that on other
Bay Networks routers. On the AN and ASN routers and BN and LN routers with
Octal Sync, LAPB is implemented in software in routers that use the QUICC
68360 driver. You can configure LAPB line parameters for these routers. For all
other link modules, LAPB is implemented in the hardware using the MK5025
chip, and you cannot configure LAPB line parameters.
Note: The different LAPB implementations result in two different LAPB
management information bases (MIBs). This means that if you copy an
existing configuration from a Bay Networks router that uses the MK5025 chip
to the AN or ASN, or the BN or LN with Octal Sync, the configuration may
not work because the location of the LAPB MIB is different.

When you configure X.25, you automatically set up LAPB. For information about
editing LAPB parameters, refer to Chapter 5, “Configuring LAPB.”

Network Layer
The network, or packet, layer establishes the virtual circuit (VC) and provides
procedures for call establishment, data transfer, flow control, error recovery, and
call clearing. The router uses the network layer to determine destination X.121
addresses and to specify which user-configurable X.25 facilities the network layer
supports. (For more information about X.121 addresses, see “Determining the
X.121 Destination” on page 1-10.) The X.25 Protocol defines how the DTE and
its respective DCE communicate and exchange data.
The X.25 network transmits data over virtual circuits between each source and
destination on the network. Because as many as 128 VCs can exist on the same
physical link at the same time, multiple devices can share the bandwidth of the
transmission line, sending data in multiple packets from the source to the
destination.

X.25 Service Types
The Bay Networks router transmits data across these types of X.25 network
services.

1-6

303547-A Rev 00

X.25 Overview

•

Public Data Network (PDN)
The X.25 PDN service provides end-to-end connectivity between the router
and a remote DTE that supports Internet RFC 1356 X.25 services. The Bay
Networks router supports Internet RFC 1356 for IP, OSI, DECnet, IPX, and
XNS.

•

Defense Data Network (DDN)
The X.25 DDN service provides end-to-end connectivity between a router and
a remote DTE that supports X.25 DDN Standard Service. IP uses DDN
service to transmit IP datagrams. OSI uses DDN service to send OSI protocol
data units (PDUs) over the X.25 network. No other protocols use DDN
services.
You can implement an X.25 DDN network as a Blacker front-end encryption
(BFE) network. BFE is an external, standalone encryption device that you
connect to your router to establish X.25 DDN networks.

•

Point-to-Point Service
Point-to-Point service is proprietary to Bay Networks, so Bay Networks
routers must be at both ends of the connection. AppleTalk, transparent and
spanning tree bridging, DECnet, IP, VINES, XNS, IPX, and OSI can use
Point-to-Point X.25 service to transmit datagrams over the X.25 network.

•

IP Encapsulation of X.25 (IPEX)
IPEX allows two X.25 systems to exchange data by tunneling over a TCP/IP
network.

•

X.25 Gateway
X.25 Gateway allows an X.25 system to exchange data with TCP/IP hosts.
For more information, refer to Configuring X.25 Gateway Services.

•

Qualified Logical Link Control (QLLC)
QLLC transfers IBM Systems Network Architecture (SNA) traffic over an
X.25 network.

The type of traffic that the router forwards depends upon the type of network layer
service enabled on each of the router’s network interfaces. For example, if you
configure an interface for DDN services, you cannot configure any other type of
service. You can, however, configure an interface to run PDN IPEX, QLLC, and
Point-to-Point services together.

303547-A Rev 00

1-7

Configuring X.25 Services

PVCs and SVCs
Bay Networks X.25 services enable you to configure both permanent virtual
circuits (PVCs) and switched virtual circuits (SVCs).
A PVC is a permanent logical path that you configure between two DTEs. It uses
a fixed logical channel to maintain a fixed point-to-point connection between two
end stations on a network. A PVC requires no setup operation before or
disconnect operation after data travels between these end stations.
An SVC is a connection across a network that exists only as long as data travels
across that circuit. An SVC is established on an as-needed basis, and can connect
any two end stations in the network. SVCs have three separate phases: call setup,
data transfer and call disconnection.
You can configure a combination of PVCs and SVCs on the same interface.
For instructions on configuring X.25 PVCs and SVCs, refer to Chapter 3,
“Enabling X.25 Service.”

How X.25 Services Work
End users on a LAN use the services of the Bay Networks router to access X.25
networks. The router acts as a DTE device; it encapsulates user data in X.25
format and transmits it across the network.

PVC Services
PVCs work the same way as SVCs, except that you configure permanent
mappings for PVCs, while SVCs create mappings each time a call occurs.
You create permanent mappings by assigning the appropriate PVC LCN in the
adjacent host record for the specified protocol. The PVC LCN value cannot be
numerically equal to any SVC remote X.121 address that is configured in an
adjacent host record for the same protocol and on the same next-hop interface.
Configuring X.25 PVCs for IP, IPX, and DECnet
Enter a PVC LCN value in the Adjacent Host Address parameter.

1-8

303547-A Rev 00

X.25 Overview

Configuring X.25 PVCs for OSI
Enter a PVC LCN value in the SNPA parameter.

Note: X.25 PVCs do not work with XNS.

SVC Services
To demonstrate how Bay Networks X.25 services work for SVCs, the following
sections explain how Router A, which is configured for X.25 PDN services, routes
data from IP end station 1.1.1.2 over the X.25 network to IP end station 3.1.1.2.
Refer to Figure 1-4 as you read the next sections.

X.25 PDN

10000
2.1.1.1

1.1.1.1

20000
2.1.1.2

DCE
Router A

1.1.1.2

3.1.1.1

DCE
Router B

3.1.1.2

IP network

Key
DCE = Data circuit-terminating equipment
10000, 20000 = X.121 addresses
X250005A

Figure 1-4.

303547-A Rev 00

Sample X.25 Configuration

1-9

Configuring X.25 Services

Determining the X.121 Destination
Each interface connecting to the X.25 network has an X.121 address, which
consists of 1 to 15 decimal digits. For example, in Figure 1-4 the X.121 network
addresses for Routers A and B are 10000 and 20000, respectively. Router A
communicates with Router B over the X.25 network by setting up virtual circuits
that connect the two X.25 interfaces.
Data transmission begins when:
1.

Router A receives an IP datagram from IP end station 1.1.1.2 that is destined
for end station 3.1.1.2.

Router A checks its IP routing table to determine the next hop on the
datagram’s path (in this example, IP address 2.1.1.2).

When Router A determines that the next hop is located across the X.25
network, it checks to see which destination X.121 address maps to the next
hop’s IP address via the IP adjacent host table (in this example, X.121 address
20000).

To transmit the datagram across the network, the router now establishes a
virtual connection between itself and destination X.121 address 20000.
Router A begins by selecting an unused virtual circuit. The router assigns the
circuit a 12-bit virtual circuit number (Figure 1-5), which it chooses from a
user-specified range of virtual circuit numbers. The virtual circuit number
identifies the logical channel portion of the circuit that connects the router and
its DCE.

Virtual circuit number = 000000000001

10000

Logical
channel

X.25 PDN
DCE

Router A

20000

DCE
Router B

X250006A

Figure 1-5.

1-10

Virtual Circuit Connecting Bay Networks Routers

303547-A Rev 00

X.25 Overview

The logical channel consists of a 4-bit logical channel group number
concatenated with an 8-bit logical channel number. The logical channel
number identifies this circuit as the one that will carry all data transmitted
between the router and the destination DTE, when the connection to the
destination X.121 address is established.
Establishing an SVC
After Router A determines the destination X.121 address, the two routers establish
an SVC as follows:
Router A uses the services of the packet layer protocol to generate a call
request packet that it sends to Router B.

Along with various optional X.25 facilities, the call request packet specifies
the outgoing logical channel number, Router A’s X.121 address, and Router
B’s X.121 address (Figure 1-6).

Logical channel group number

Logical channel number

Call request

Source
X.121 length

Destination
X.121 length

Destination X.121

address

Source X.121 address
Facilities length
Facilities
Data
X250007A

Figure 1-6.

303547-A Rev 00

X.25 Call Request Packet Format

When the local DCE receives Router A’s call request, the DCE forwards it
across the X.25 network, where it is eventually routed to Router B.

Router B checks the called address for a match to its configured X.121
address. It also checks the calling address for a match to the remote X.121
address configured in the service record.
1-11

Configuring X.25 Services
4.

If it finds both matches, it accepts the call, and responds with a call accept
packet that establishes the virtual connection between the two routers.

When the SVC is established, the router can transmit and receive data
(Figure 1-7).

1. Send request
X.25 PDN
Call request

DCE

Incoming call

Router A

Router B

2. Establish connection
X.25 PDN
Call confirm

DCE

Call accept

Router A

Router B

3. Encapsulate and transmit data
X.25 PDN
User data

DCE

Router A

User data
Router B
X250008A

Figure 1-7.

1-12

Setting Up an X.25 Call Connection

303547-A Rev 00

X.25 Overview

Transmitting Data
After Router B establishes the circuit, data travels between end stations 1.1.1.2
and 3.1.1.2 as follows:
1.

Router A begins processing the packets it receives from IP end station 1.1.1.2
across the X.25 network to Router B.

Router B removes the X.25 packet headers and trailers and forwards only the
IP data to IP end station 3.1.1.2 (Figure 1-8).

IP end station 3.1.1.2 transmits data to end station 1.1.1.2.
Note that other IP end stations (for example, 1.1.1.3) can use the virtual circuit
to transmit data in the direction of end station 3.1.1.2 until the call is cleared.
The call request and call accept packets specify the logical channel numbers
(LCNs) assigned to the virtual connections between each router and its
corresponding DCE. As a result, subsequent X.25 data packets contain only
the logical channel numbers, rather than the complete X.121 destination
addresses.

X.25 PDN

10000
2.1.1.1

1.1.1.1

20000
2.1.1.2

DCE

3.1.1.1

DCE

Router A

1.1.1.2

Router B

3.1.1.2
IP network

1.1.1.3
IP network
X250009A

Figure 1-8.

303547-A Rev 00

Routing IP Traffic Across the X.25 Network

1-13

Configuring X.25 Services

IPEX
Bay Networks X.25 services include IP Encapsulation of X.25 (IPEX). IPEX lets
you send and receive messages between two X.25 systems via a TCP/IP network.
The tunneling maps TCP sockets to X.25 virtual circuits.
IPEX works with X.25 virtual circuits, both PVCs and SVCs, as well as with
TCP/IP protocols over all interface types that Bay Networks routers support.
Note: In this document, the acronym IPEX refers to both the Bay Networks
router when configured to provide X.25 tunneling service, and to the software
that implements the tunneling, depending on the context.

IPEX supports:
•

TCP/IP over Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI), Ethernet, and Token
Ring LAN media

•

X.25 over synchronous interfaces (6 MB/s maximum)

How IPEX Works
Tunneling support attaches an X.25 DTE or DCE to the IPEX router, which
converts X.25 data to TCP and uses TCP/IP to carry the X.25 data to another,
remote IPEX router, which converts it back to X.25. Figure 1-9 illustrates this
conversion.

TCP
connections

X.25 Level 3
connections

TCP

X.25 Level 3
connections

TCP

TCP/IP
X.25
DTEs or DCEs

"local"
IPEX
(router)

X.25
DTEs or DCEs
X250010A

Figure 1-9.

1-14

Sample Network Topology with TCP/IP Tunneling and IPEX

303547-A Rev 00

X.25 Overview

The sample configuration shows X.25 DTEs or DCEs connected to Bay Networks
routers by standard X.25 lines, interfaces, and software, and a network of routers
interconnected by standard TCP/IP lines and interfaces. You can connect the
DTEs or DCEs to the router using any synchronous or Multichannel T1 (MCT1)
port type.

Levels of Tunneling

IPEX
(router)

X.25 interface

X.25
TCP

TCP/IP

TCP interface

X.25
TCP

X.25

X.25 interface

Figure 1-10 shows the levels of tunneling within the IPEX router.

X.25

IPEX
(router)
X250011A

Figure 1-10. Levels of Tunneling with IPEX

When communicating with an X.25 DTE, the Bay Networks IPEX router acts as
an X.25 DCE. Conversely, when communicating with an X.25 DCE, the Bay
Networks IPEX router acts as an X.25 DTE. The IPEX router provides X.25 VC
support. You define the connection between two X.25 systems during
configuration. When either a DCE or DTE initiates a call, the router establishes a
TCP connection. VCs must have an X.121 address for the router to make the TCP
connection.

IPEX Network Interfaces
Bay Networks routers that support IPEX services use the following protocols:

303547-A Rev 00

•

X.25 Packet Layer Protocol (PLP)

•

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)

•

Internet Protocol (IP)

1-15

Configuring X.25 Services

X.25 PLP Interface
The X.25 PLP interface corresponds to OSI layer 3. On an X.25 PLP interface,
you can create and configure multiple VCs.
On an X.25 interface, you can configure IPEX service and another type of X.25
service: PDN, Point-to-Point, or QLLC. IPEX uses the X.25 flow-control
mechanisms to detect any congestion in the X.25 connection.
IPEX uses the X.25 PLP client interface to:
•

Open and close X.25 connections.

•

Send data to the X.25 module for transmission.

•

Process received data delivered from the X.25 module.

•

Control the flow of data across the client interface.

•

Ensure data integrity.

TCP Interface
IPEX appears to TCP as a client. As such, IPEX specifies the socket for the local
TCP interface (consisting of its IP address and TCP port number) and another
socket for the remote TCP interface to establish a connection.
For VCs using IPEX, when the local X.25 DCE or DTE requests an X.25
end-to-end switched connection, the local router contacts the remote IPEX router
to establish a unique TCP connection for that X.25 connection.
Because a large number of TCP connections may be active concurrently to
support many tunneling sessions, IPEX service uses a large range of TCP port
numbers to create separate sockets for the individual tunneling sessions. However,
IPEX service does not use any port numbers that are reserved for the standard
TCP/IP protocols, UNIX system services, or other TCP client services provided in
the software. The port numbers reserved for IPEX service range from 12,304
through 16,399.
IPEX uses the TCP client interface to:

1-16

•

Open, close, and check the status of TCP connections.

•

Send data to the TCP module for transmission.

•

Process received data delivered from the TCP module.

•

Control the flow of data across the client interface.

•

Ensure data integrity across the IP network.
303547-A Rev 00

X.25 Overview

IPEX Facility Support
IPEX handles only the following X.25 PLP facilities:
•

Default Packet Size and Default Window Size: The IPEX router examines
the packet and window size in the X.25 call from the client terminal. When
the router has validated and accepted these parameters, it sets up the optimal
flow control queues at the X.25 client interface, as well as the optimal receive
and transmit windows at the TCP client interface.

•

Flow Control Parameter Negotiation: The IPEX router can support the
largest packet size defined in the X.25 standard. Therefore, it always accepts
the proposed window and packet size parameters in the X.25 call packet from
the client terminal after they are validated, without negotiating a smaller
window or packet size.

Sequence of Connections with IPEX
Figure 1-11 illustrates the sequence of calls and connections in X.25 TCP/IP
tunneling, as follows:

303547-A Rev 00

The local IPEX router receives an incoming X.25 call request from a client
X.25 terminal.

The local IPEX router sends a TCP connection request to the IPEX router
serving the remote X.25 terminal.

The remote IPEX router then sends a call request to the remote X.25 terminal.

That terminal then responds with an X.25 call accepted packet.

The remote IPEX router accepts the TCP connection.

The local IPEX router accepts the local X.25 connection.

1-17

Configuring X.25 Services

X.25
call request
Step 1

TCP/IP
X.25
terminal

"local"
IPEX
(router)

X.25
call pending

"distant"
IPEX
(router)

X.25
terminal

TCP connection
request

Step 2

X.25
call request
Step 3

X.25
call accepted
Step 4

TCP
connection established

X.25
connection established

Step 5

X.25
call accepted
Step 6

X250012A

Figure 1-11.
1-18

How IPEX Establishes Connections
303547-A Rev 00

X.25 Overview

IPEX Mapping
For each established VC connection that contains a specified X.25 called address
(X.121 address), IPEX establishes a TCP connection from IPEX to a TCP/IP
server. This connection consists of the IP address and the TCP port number of a
remote TCP/IP peer that correspond to the X.25 called address. To enable
X.25-to-TCP conversion, you must configure the following information:
•

The point of attachment (that is, the circuit interface) on the IPEX system at
which the VC establishes the connection.

•

The VC LCN range at the packet level.

•

The X.25 called address of the incoming call request from the X.25
DTE/DCE to IPEX.

•

The associated remote TCP socket (IP address and TCP port number) that
identifies the destination of the TCP connection.

This mapping sets a path for forwarding data received on an X.25 virtual circuit to
a specific remote TCP/IP peer.

Mapping Types
To configure IPEX, you must select either local or end-to-end mapping, which
determines whether facilities, call user data, M-bit and Q-bit support terminate
locally or are passed across the TCP/IP connection.
If you set the mapping type to local, IPEX ports can support different packet sizes
at each end, but message size can be no longer than 4 KB.
If you configure end-to-end mapping, all IPEX ports must have the same packet
and window size, or the M-bit support will not function properly. End-to-end
mapping allows unlimited message size.

IPEX Connection Summary
To set up a reliable tunneling session, each side must successfully establish a
connection. When one side receives a call request, the other side attempts to
connect. If the connection attempt fails on the remote side, the local side will
reject the call request it received because the tunneling session cannot be set up.

303547-A Rev 00

1-19

Configuring X.25 Services

Figure 1-12 shows how IPEX mediates the interaction between the two protocol
stacks as the data flows between the X.25 client terminals and the TCP-based
hosts.

Information
from/to other
X.25 terminals

Information
from/to other
IPEX routers

X.25 level 2

FDDI

V.35

MCT1/E1

X.25 level 2

SYNC

X.25 level 3

IEEE 802.3

IEEE 802.2

SNMP

TCP

IEEE 802.5

X.25 level 3

SNMP

IPEX module

TCP
IP
IEEE 802.2
IEEE 802.3

X250013A

Figure 1-12.

Role of the X.25 and TCP Protocol Stacks in IPEX

The TCP and X.25 communication stacks share the responsibility for maintaining
a reliable and efficient data flow. That is, if data loss occurs because of a lack of
software resources or intermittent transmission errors, the communication stack
on that side must retransmit the lost data. In addition, both sides must
independently maintain protocol flow control.
Data loss may also occur due to hardware or other catastrophic failures. You must
implement redundancy in the network topology design and provide manual or
automated intervention to handle these types of data communication failures.

IPEX Handling of Large Data Messages (M-Bit)
X.25 is a message-based protocol, and TCP is an unstructured stream protocol.
They differ in the way they send outgoing traffic from their clients and deliver
incoming traffic to their clients.
1-20

303547-A Rev 00

X.25 Overview

How X.25 Handles Large Data Messages
When the X.25 client submits an X.25 message that is larger than an X.25 packet
size, the X.25 protocol fragments the message. X.25 then transmits the sequence
of packets containing these fragments. Within each packet, X.25 includes a flag
(M-bit) that indicates the fragmentation and helps the receiver reassemble the
message.

How TCP Handles Large Data Messages
TCP, on the other hand, does not have a flag to mark fragmentation of messages
that are bigger than the TCP maximum transmission unit (MTU) size. The portion
of a message that does not fit into one TCP data segment is sent in a subsequent
data segment. Without a flag or any indication of the size of the message, the TCP
client has no way of determining the boundary of a message; that is, whether the
complete message is contained within one or in several data segments. Hence,
once IPEX receives the X.25 user data and translates it to a TCP data segment, the
message boundary is lost.
To minimize changes in the existing host applications, IPEX maintains the X.25
message boundary. IPEX structures the application information into message
blocks before encapsulating it in TCP data segments.

Q-Bit Support
IPEX service includes support for the Qualified data bit (Q-bit), which is
transported generically through the network. A Q-bit value of 1 indicates that the
frame is a control frame, and a value of 0 indicates that it is a data frame.

X.25 PAD
An X.25 PAD (packet assembler/disassembler) provides access to an X.25
network for devices, often character terminals, that are not capable of sending and
receiving traffic across the X.25 interface. The PAD establishes and maintains the
link with the packet-switched network, assembles and disassembles packets,
communicates with the character terminal, and handles special control processes
for the character terminal. Bay Networks X.25 PAD services comply with the
CCITT so-called Triple X Standards, Recommendations X.3, X.28, and X.29.

303547-A Rev 00

1-21

Configuring X.25 Services

Bay Networks X.25 PAD services work only with X.25 SVCs for the current
software release, and only with the ARN router.
For instructions on installing an X.25 PAD, see Installing the X.25 PAD. For
instructions on using Site Manager to configure X.25 PAD Services, see
Chapter 7, “Enabling and Configuring X.25 PAD Services.”

QLLC
Bay Networks X.25 services include Qualified Logical Link Control (QLLC), a
protocol that transfers IBM SNA data over an X.25 network. QLLC carries both
Logical Link Control (LLC) information and SNA data across an X.25 network.
For example, with QLLC support, a Bay Networks router can send and receive
X.25 packets from an IBM host running IBM’s X.25 NCP Packet Switching
Interface (NPSI) and downstream QLLC compatible SNA endstations. It can also
work with other topologies, several of which are illustrated in Appendix D,
“QLLC Technical Supplement.”

QLLC and DLSw or APPN
You must run DLSw or APPN when you use QLLC. The router transmits the SNA
data contained within QLLC packets over SDLC or LLC (token ring, Ethernet,
frame relay) data links that use DLSw services.
QLLC works with all media that X.25 supports. You can establish as many as 128
simultaneous QLLC virtual circuits on a physical link.
To configure DLSw, see Configuring DLSw Services. To configure APPN, see
Configuring APPN Services.

NPSI
IBM’s NCP Packet Switching Interface (NPSI) software allows SNA hosts to
attach to X.25 networks, and to support virtual circuits for both incoming and
outgoing calls. NPSI makes X.25 virtual circuits appear to SNA hosts as
point-to-point (SDLC) links.

1-22

303547-A Rev 00

X.25 Overview

How QLLC Works
The interfaces that you configure for QLLC conversion are the serial interfaces of
the X.25 network that connect to the remote devices with which you want your
local SNA devices to communicate.

Sequence of Connections with QLLC
When an X.25 attached device (for example, an IBM 3174 control unit) wants to
send data to an IBM host, the 3174 sends an X.25 call request packet. The IBM
host running NPSI receives the call request, and establishes a QLLC session with
the 3174.

QLLC Address Mapping
The QLLC software maps or matches the MAC address that DLSw recognizes to
an X.121 address that X.25 recognizes. It also translates the data into a format the
receiving device can comprehend. There are two different ways to create the
mappings that QLLC requires: mappings that use wildcards, and individual
mappings between each endstation and a host.
See Appendix D, “QLLC Technical Supplement,” for examples that illustrate
these types of networks and the ways you can configure QLLC mapping for them.

QLLC Adjacent and Partner Devices
Bay Networks QLLC uses the terms adjacent and partner to describe the X.121
and MAC addresses that map to each other. These terms are relative to the
interface that runs the QLLC/X.25 software.
The Adjacent X.121 DTE/DCE device connects to the interface that is running the
QLLC/X.25 software, either directly or indirectly. It maps to that device’s
Adjacent MAC address.
The Partner X.121 DTE/DCE device connects through the DLSw network. It
maps to that device’s Partner MAC Address.

303547-A Rev 00

1-23

Configuring X.25 Services

In Figure D-1 on page D-3, for example, Router A connects to the SNA
mainframe through the X.25 network, so the mainframe is an adjacent device. The
PC, the 3174 control unit, and the AS400 are partner devices because they connect
through the DLSw network, and not through the X.25 network.
In Figure D-4 on page D-9, Router A connects to the SNA mainframe through a
token ring network, so it is a partner device. Router A connects to the PC through
the X.25 network, so the PC is an adjacent device. The mainframe is an adjacent
device for Router B, because they connect through the X.25 network. The PC is a
partner device for Router B.

Wildcard Mapping, Simply Configured
Wildcards work for LLC endstations that initiate connections to QLLC hosts, and
for QLLC endstations that initiate connections to LLC hosts. Wildcard mapping
minimizes configuration requirements. You can configure a single
endstation-to-host map and apply it to any number of QLLC connections,
depending on the wildcard you specify. Wildcard mapping is especially useful for
networks that have a large number of endstations that transmit data to one host. It
also allows you to add or delete endstations on your network without
reconfiguring QLLC.
To use wildcard mapping, you identify the host by mapping its MAC address to a
virtual X.121 Address. Wildcard mapping works only in networks where the host
never originates the connection, and therefores does not need to know the MAC
addresses of the endstations.
For instructions on using Site Manager to configure wildcard mappings, see
Chapter 8, “Configuring QLLC.” For a detailed description of wildcard mapping
in complex networks, see page D-10.

Configuring Wildcard Mapping for LLC Endstations to a QLLC Host
To use the simplest form of wildcard mapping for LLC endstations to a QLLC
host, you assign a wildcard value of “.*”, which means “Don’t Care”, for the
endstation MAC address, which can apply to any number of endstations. You then
map the “Don’t Care” wildcard to the X.121 address of the router through which
traffic must pass to reach the host.

1-24

303547-A Rev 00

X.25 Overview

Configuring Wildcard Mapping for QLLC Endstations to LLC Hosts
To use the simplest form of wildcard mapping for QLLC endstations to an LLC
host, you assign a wildcard value of “.*”, which means “Don’t Care”, for the
endstation Adjacent X.121 Address, which can apply to any number of
endstations. You then map the “Don’t Care” wildcard to the X.121 address of the
adjacent QLLC/X.25 device.

Wildcard Mapping and Backward Compatibility
Earlier versions of Bay RS allow only one QLLC mapping per unique X.121
address pair. The wildcard feature in Bay RS 12.10 allows multiple QLLC
sessions and VCs for a unique X.121 address pair. However, if you have a
backbone node topology with QLLC between a 12.10 router and a router running
an earlier version of software, and the call originates from the 12.10 router, you
cannot use wildcard mappings at all.

Coordinating X.25 and DLSw Parameters for QLLC
In addition to setting QLLC parameters, you must coordinate X.25 packet size
parameters with the SNA frame size to ensure that they are compatible.

303547-A Rev 00

1-25

Chapter 2
Implementation Notes

This chapter describes special features of the Bay Networks X.25 implementation,
including:

303547-A Rev 00

Topic

Page

Data Compression

2-2

Load Sharing

2-2

Clocking Sources for Routers Set Back-to-Back

2-2

Packet-Level Parameters: Max Window Size and Max Packet Length

2-3

Flow-Control Negotiation

2-3

Configuring LAPB for an AN or ASN

2-4

Configuring Synchronous Lines with X.25

2-5

DDN Default Service Record

2-5

RFC 1356 Multiplexing

2-6

PtoP Encapsulation

2-8

X.25 over ISDN D Channel

2-8

IPEX Local Switching and X.25 over the D Channel

2-8

2-1

Configuring X.25 Services

Data Compression
Bay Networks data compression software enables you to reduce line costs and
improve response times over X.25 networks.
Data compression eliminates redundancies in data streams. When you use
compression on your network, bandwidth efficiency improves, enabling you to
transmit more data over a given amount of network bandwidth.
To use data compression with X.25, you must set the X.25 service record
parameter, Enable Compression, to Enable. For information about how to access
this parameter, see Chapter 4, “Editing X.25 Parameters.”
For a complete discussion of data compression, descriptions of compression
parameters, and instructions for configuring compression for an X.25 interface,
see Configuring Data Compression Services.

Load Sharing
The Bay Networks implementation of X.25 on PDN networks includes load
sharing across as many as four VCs, using a round-robin algorithm to distribute
traffic. This feature improves performance by increasing the effective window
size, that is, the number of packets that a DTE can transmit before it receives an
acknowledgment.
To take advantage of multiple virtual connections and load sharing across them,
you must set the Max Connections network service record parameter to a value
greater than 1 (see page 4-2).
IPEX and QLLC do not support load sharing.

Clocking Sources for Routers Set Back-to-Back
If two Bay Networks routers are operating back-to-back without a clocking
source, you must configure internal clocking on both routers. Use a crossover
cable to connect the ports.

2-2

303547-A Rev 00

Implementation Notes

The default clocking source for X.25 is external. When you configure X.25 and
LAPB on an existing network, external clocking can cause unpredictable results
on any internally clocked line. Clocking sources must be the same for each router
that you connect back-to-back.

Packet-Level Parameters:
Max Window Size and Max Packet Length
When you configure X.25 packet-level parameters, make certain to set the Max
Window Size and Max Packet Length parameters for peer routers to the same
value if you also enable flow control. If you do not, the routers cannot perform
network service-level negotiations.
For QLLC and IPEX, set Max Window Size and Max Packet Length parameters
according to the values in the attached X.25 devices. For example, if you set the
Max Window Size for Router A to 7, set the Max Window Size for peer Router B
to 7. Similarly, if you set the Max Packet Length for Router A to 512, set the Max
Packet Length for peer Router B to 512.
Window size and packet length can affect packet throughput across the X.25
network. Setting either the Max Window Size or Max Packet Length parameter
too low can cause the router to drop packets. You may want to configure these
parameters at higher values than the default settings. For information about how to
access these parameters, see Chapter 4, “Editing X.25 Parameters.”

Flow-Control Negotiation
The Bay Networks implementation of X.25 enables the router to negotiate flow
control, which regulates the rate of data transfer among elements of a network to
prevent congestion and overload. For flow-control negotiation to work properly,
you must set the parameters in Tables 2-1 and 2-2 as shown.

303547-A Rev 00

2-3

Configuring X.25 Services

Table 2-1.

X.25 Packet-Level Parameters

Parameter

Value

Flow Control Negotiation

Max Window Size

For an explanation of value options, see Help or
page A-14.

Max Packet Length

For an explanation of value options, see Help or
page A-15.

Acceptance Format

DEFEXT (specifies default Basic format)

Release Format

DEFEXT (specifies default Basic format)

Table 2-2.

X.25 Service Record Parameters

Parameter

Value

Flow Facility

Negot (negotiate flow facility)

Window Size

For an explanation of value options, see Help or
page A-35.

Packet Size

For an explanation of value options, see Help or
page A-35.

Configuring LAPB for an AN or ASN
When you create a new X.25 line on a Bay Networks AN or ASN router, Site
Manager automatically uses default values to configure LAPB. If you want to edit
the LAPB parameters, you can access them through the Edit Line Parameters
window after you have created the new X.25 line. For further information, see
Configuring Line Services.

2-4

303547-A Rev 00

Implementation Notes

Configuring Synchronous Lines with X.25
Table 2-3 shows the default synchronous line configurations for an AN/ASN and a
BN/VME router.
Table 2-3.

Synchronous Line Parameter Defaults for X.25

Synchronous Line Parameter

AN/ASN X.25

BN/VME X.25

BOFL

Disable

MTU*

512

1600

Service

Transparent

LAPB

Transmit Window Size

Min Frame Spacing*

Local Addr

1†

Promiscuous

Enable

Disable

Remote Addr

3†

WAN Protocol

LAPB

X.25

Sync Polling†

Enable

Disable

* Set this parameter to the same value on both sides of the X.25 connection. The default is calculated
to be 2 times the packet size times the window size. For nonsegmenting protocols (AppleTalk,
DECnet), you may need to increase the MTU to a larger value.
† Set this parameter to Disable if the physical interface is not V.35.

If you want to edit the synchronous line parameters, you can access them through
the Edit Line Parameters window after you have created the new X.25 line. For
more information on these parameters, see Configuring Line Services.

DDN Default Service Record
When you configure the Service Type as DDN, you can automatically configure
service records that use default parameter values for every DDN SVC on your
network. This means that you do not have to individually configure DDN service
records. To use the default DDN service record feature, set the Use Default
Service Configuration packet-level parameter to ON.

303547-A Rev 00

2-5

Configuring X.25 Services

You can also change the default values that apply when you set the Use Default
Service Configuration parameter to ON. For instructions, see Chapter 4, “Editing
X.25 Parameters.”
If you want to configure specific DDN SVCs with nondefault values, you can
configure them individually. If you set the Default DDN parameter to ON, the
default values apply to all SVCs, but if you then edit an individual SVC, values
that you assign to that SVC apply.

RFC 1356 Multiplexing
Bay Networks supports RFC 1356 multiplexing. RFC 1356 defines a standard for
multiprotocol encapsulation over X.25 networks. Bay Networks implements RFC
1356 for IP, OSI, IPX, DECnet, and XNS. This means you can use Bay Networks
routers at one end of a connection, and equipment from another vendor (that also
supports RFC 1356 for these protocols) at the other end of the connection.
Multiplexing enables you to send multiple protocols over a single virtual circuit.
Bay Networks advises multiplexing when you configure multiple routing
protocols on a PDN type of service.
You enable multiplexing by setting the Enable 1356 Multiplexing parameter. If
you set this parameter to Enable, the router can use RFC 1356 Null Encapsulation
to send multiple protocols over a single virtual circuit. If you set the value to
Disable, the router uses RFC 1356 Normal Encapsulation for IP and OSI, and
RFC 1356 SNAP Encapsulation for IPX DECnet and XNS, opening a separate
virtual circuit for each protocol. The default setting is Disable. See Figures 2-1
and 2-2 for illustrations of Null and Normal Encapsulation.

2-6

303547-A Rev 00

Implementation Notes

1010001

LAN

LCN 1:
IP, IPX, DECnet

1010002

LAN

X.25

Port: S21
WAN protocol: X25
Bi-directional VC:16
LCN start: 1
PDN service record 1:
Remote X.121: 1010002
Protocols: IP, IPX, DEC
Enable 1356 multiplexing: enable
X250015A

Figure 2-1.

RFC 1356 Null Encapsulation

1010001

LCN 1: IP

1010002

LCN 2: IPX

LAN

X.25

LAN

LCN 3: DEC

Port: S21
WAN Protocol: X25
Bi-directional VC:16
LCN start: 1
PDN service record 1:
Remote X.121: 1010002
Protocols: IP, IPX, DEC
Enable 1356 multiplexing: disable
X250016A

Figure 2-2.

303547-A Rev 00

RFC 1356 Normal Encapsulation

2-7

Configuring X.25 Services

PtoP Encapsulation
Bay Networks also has Point-to-Point (PtoP), a proprietary encapsulation method
for LAN protocols. PtoP requires a Bay Networks router at both ends of a
connection. You must use PtoP to encapsulate AppleTalk, Banyan VINES and
Bridge traffic.

X.25 over ISDN D Channel
X.25 over the ISDN D channel allows the router to transport X.25 packets without
incurring the expense of a leased line. You can use the ISDN line for normal
switched service applications as well as for X.25 traffic.
Bay Networks implementation of X.25 over the ISDN D channel is based on
ITU-T (formerly CCITT) recommendation X.31.

IPEX Local Switching and X.25 over the D Channel
The most common implementation of X.25 over the D channel uses IP
encapsulation of X.25 (IPEX) single-node switching. You configure IPEX on the
backplane of a single router. A normal IPEX configuration performs local X.25
switching, and a circuitless IP network simulates an IP cloud. For instructions on
configuring IPEX single-node switching, see page C-4.

Requirements and Limitations
Be aware of the following X.25 requirements and limitations:

2-8

•

X.25 over the ISDN D channel works with AN, ASN, and ARN routers, and
with single or quad ISDN/BRI modules only.

•

A slot configured with X.25 over ISDN D channel must have both X.25 PLP
and ISDN subsystems loaded.

•

The maximum number of logical channels per slot is 64.

•

Maximum packet size is 256 octets (result of the I-field length limitation of
the LAPD information frame.)

•

Throughput maximum is 9600 b/s.

303547-A Rev 00

Implementation Notes

•

This feature does not support ISDN leased lines where the D channel does not
exist.

•

The router does not prioritize ISDN signaling traffic and the X.25 traffic on
the D channel.

•

Bay Networks implementation of X.25 over the ISDN D channel complies
with standards in effect in France, Spain, and Germany.

Using Regular ISDN and X.25 over the ISDN D Channel
Any slot on the router that you configure with X.25 over ISDN using the
D channel can also use regular ISDN. However, dynamically enabling or disabling
X.25 over ISDN using D channel affects the active calls of the normal ISDN.
Similarly, dynamically changing the ISDN switch-related MIBs (global rate
adaption or incoming call filter attributes) affects X.25 over ISDN using D
channel.

For More Information
For more information and instructions on configuring X.25 over the D channel,
see Configuring Dial Services.

303547-A Rev 00

2-9

Chapter 3
Enabling X.25 Service

The sections that follow describe how to enable X.25 services. When you enable
X.25 service, you must configure a subset of X.25 parameters. The Configuration
Manager supplies default values for the remaining parameters. If you want to edit
these default values, see Chapter 4, “Editing X.25 Parameters.” Before you edit
any default values, you should consult Configuring and Managing Routers with
Site Manager.
Topic

Page

Preparing a Configuration File

3-1

Enabling X.25 on an Interface

3-2

Selecting a Connector

3-2

Configuring X.25 Packet-Level Parameters

3-3

Adding X.25 Network Service Records

3-4

Adding X.25 Network Service Records to a Previously Configured Interface

3-5

Preparing a Configuration File
To prepare a configuration file:

303547-A Rev 00

Create and save a configuration file that has at least one WAN interface.

Retrieve the configuration file in local, remote, or dynamic mode.

3-1

Configuring X.25 Services

Enabling X.25 on an Interface
To enable X.25 service, you must perform the following steps, each of which is
explained in more detail in the next sections.
1.

Select the link or net module connector on which you are enabling X.25.

Select the X.25 Protocol.

Configure X.25 packet-level parameters.

Add X.25 network service records.

Selecting a Connector
To select a connector:
Site Manager Procedure

3-2

You do this

System responds

1. In the main Configuration Manager
window, choose a link or net module.

The Add Circuit window opens and the
circuit you chose is highlighted.

2. Click on OK.

The WAN Protocols window opens.

3. Choose X.25 and click on OK.

The X.25 Packet Config window opens.

303547-A Rev 00

Enabling X.25 Service

Configuring X.25 Packet-Level Parameters
To configure X.25 packet-level parameters:
Site Manager Procedure
You do this

System responds

1. In the X.25 Packet Config window, set the
following X.25 packet-level parameters,
using Help or the descriptions that begin
on page A-3:
• Link Address Type
• Network Address Type
• PDN X.121/E.164 Address
• DDN IP Address
• Number of PVC Channels
• PVC LCN Start
• Number of Incoming SVC Channels
• Incoming SVC LCN Start
• Number of Bidirectional SVC
Channels
• Bidirectional SVC LCN Start
• Number of Outgoing SVC Channels
• Outgoing SVC LCN Start
• Use Default Service Configuration
2. When you are done, click on OK.

The X. 25 Service Configuration window
opens.

3. Go to “Adding X.25 Network Service
Records” on page 3-4.

303547-A Rev 00

3-3

Configuring X.25 Services

Adding X.25 Network Service Records
To add X.25 network service records:
Site Manager Procedure
You do this

System responds

1. From the X.25 Service Configuration
window, click on Add.

The X.25 Service window opens.

2. Set the following X.25 network service
parameters using Help or the descriptions
that begin on page A-27:
• Type
• Remote IP Address
• Remote X.121/E.164 Address
• Connection ID (for PtoP only)
• Enable 1356 Multiplexing
• Service VC Type
• First PVC LCN
• Number of PVC LCN
• Window Size
• Packet Size
3. When you are done, click on OK.

The X.25 Service Configuration window
opens. It now displays the service record
you just added.

4. Add more service records by repeating
steps 1 through 3.
5. Enable bridging and routing services on
the X.25 circuit. You must choose SVC as
the Service Type to enable bridging. For
further information about bridging and
routing services, see Configuring Bridging
Services or Configuring and Managing
Routers with Site Manager.

3-4

6. When you are done, click on OK.

You return to the X.25 Service
Configuration window.

7. Click on Done.

You return to the main Configuration
Manager window.

303547-A Rev 00

Enabling X.25 Service

Note: If you selected IPEX as a value for the Type parameter, the IPEX
Mapping Table Configuration window appears when you click on OK in step
3. For instructions on configuring IPEX mapping parameters, see Chapter 6,
“Configuring IPEX.” If you selected QLLC, the QLLC Mapping Table
Configuration window appears. For instructions on configuring QLLC
mapping parameters, see Chapter 8, “Configuring QLLC.”

Adding X.25 Network Service Records to a
Previously Configured Interface
To add a new network service record to an existing X.25 interface:
Site Manager Procedure
You do this

System responds

1. In the main Configuration Manager,
choose Circuits > Edit Circuits.

The Circuit List window opens.

2. Choose the X.25 interface to which you
want to add network service records.
3. Click on Edit.

The Circuit Definition window opens.

4. Choose X25 Protocol > Service.

The X.25 Service Configuration window
opens. It lists all network service records
currently defined for the interface.

5. Follow the instructions in the previous
section, “Adding X.25 Network Service
Records.” on page 3-4.

303547-A Rev 00

3-5

Chapter 4
Editing X.25 Parameters

After you enable X.25, you can edit all X.25 parameters from the Configuration
Manager window. For instructions on using Site Manager to access the
Configuration Manager, see Configuring and Managing Routers with Site
Manager.
To edit parameters for or delete X.25, see the following topics.
Topic

Page

Editing the X.25 Global Parameter

4-2

Editing X.25 Packet-Level Parameters

4-2

Editing X.25 Network Service Records

4-3

Deleting X.25 Network Service Records

4-4

Deleting X.25 from the Router

4-4

The Technician Interface allows you to modify parameters by executing set and
commit commands with the MIB object ID. This process is equivalent to
modifying parameters using Site Manager. For more information about using the
Technician Interface to access the MIB, refer to Using Technician Interface
Software.
Caution: The Technician Interface does not verify the validity of the value
you enter for a parameter. Entering an invalid value can corrupt your
configuration.

303547-A Rev 00

4-1

Configuring X.25 Services

Editing the X.25 Global Parameter
The X.25 Global parameter enables X.25 services for the entire router without
deleting X.25. To edit the X.25 Global parameter:
Site Manager Procedure
You do this

System responds

1. In the main Configuration Manager
window, choose Protocols > X25 >
Global.

The Edit X.25 Global Parameters window
opens.

2. Enable or disable X.25 services, using
Help or the Enable parameter description
on page A-2.
3. Click on OK.

You return to the main Configuration
Manager window.

Editing X.25 Packet-Level Parameters
The X.25 packet-level parameters are specific to individual X.25 interfaces. To
edit packet-level parameters for an existing interface:
Site Manager Procedure
You do this

System responds

1. In the main Configuration Manager
window, choose Circuits > Edit Circuits.

The Circuit List window opens.

2. Choose the X.25 interface that you want to
edit.
3. Click on Edit.

The Circuit Definition window opens.

4. Choose X25 Protocol > Packet.

The X.25 Packet Level Edit window
opens.

5. Edit the packet-level parameters that you
want to change, using Help or the
parameter descriptions that begin on page
page A-3.
6. When you are done, click on OK.

4-2

You return to the main Configuration
Manager window.

303547-A Rev 00

Editing X.25 Parameters

Note: When you reconfigure an interface in dynamic configuration mode,
X.25 packet-level and LAPB service restart on that interface.

Editing X.25 Network Service Records
To edit the parameters for an existing X.25 network service record:
Site Manager Procedure
You do this

System responds

1. In the main Configuration Manager
window, choose Circuits > Edit Circuits.

The Circuit List window opens.

2. Choose the X.25 interface that you want to
edit.
3. Click on Edit.

The Circuit Definition window opens.

4. Choose X25 Protocol > Service.

The X.25 Service Configuration window
opens. It lists all currently defined
network service records.

5. Choose the service record you want to
edit.
6. Edit the network service parameters that
you want to change, using Help or the
parameter descriptions that begin on page
page A-27.
7. If you are configuring DDN Service
Records and you want to change the
default values for service record
parameters, click on Default DDN.

The DDN Service window opens.

8. Edit DDN parameters.
9. Click on Apply.
10. Click on Done.

You return to the X.25 Service
Configuration window.

11. When you are done editing all parameters, You return to the main Configuration
click on OK.
Manager window.

303547-A Rev 00

4-3

Configuring X.25 Services

Deleting X.25 Network Service Records
To delete a network service record:
Site Manager Procedure
You do this

System responds

1. In the main Configuration Manager
window, choose Circuits > Edit Circuits.

The Circuit List window opens.

2. Choose the X.25 interface that you want to
edit.
3. Click on Edit.

The Circuit Definition window opens.

4. Choose X25 Protocol > Service.

The X.25 Service Configuration window
opens. It lists all currently defined
network service records.

5. Choose the service record you want to
delete.
6. Click on Delete.

The X.25 Service Configuration window
no longer lists the network service record
you deleted.

7. Click on Done.

You return to the main Configuration
Manager window.

Deleting X.25 from the Router
To delete X.25 from the router globally:
Site Manager Procedure

4-4

You do this

System responds

1. In the main Configuration Manager
window, choose Protocols > X25 >
Delete X25.

A window opens and prompts:
Do you REALLY want to delete
X.25?

2. Click on OK.

You return to the main Configuration
Manager window. X.25 is no longer
configured on the router.

303547-A Rev 00

Chapter 5
Configuring LAPB

The Link Access Procedure Balanced (LAPB) protocol is a subset of the
High-Level Data Link Control (HDLC) protocol, which is an OSI link layer
standard. This chapter includes:
Topic

Page

Properties of the LAPB Protocol

5-1

Editing LAPB Parameters

5-2

Properties of the LAPB Protocol
The implementation of the LAPB protocol differs among Bay Networks routers.
On the AN, ANH, ARN, and ASN routers, and BN and LN routers with the Octal
Sync link module, LAPB is implemented in the software. For all other link
modules, LAPB is implemented in the hardware, and you cannot configure LAPB
line parameters.
Bay Networks routers use the services of LAPB to initialize the link between the
router and the local DCE device, and to frame X.25 data packets before
transmitting them to the DCE. X.25 uses the LAPB protocol at the data link
layer to:
•

Initialize the link between the DTE and the local DCE device.

•

Frame X.25 data packets before transmitting them to the DCE.

The LAPB information field contains the X.25 packets. When an X.25 packet
reaches the destination router, the LAPB protocol strips away the LAPB frame
and delivers the packet to the network layer for further processing.

303547-A Rev 00

5-1

Configuring X.25 Services

Editing LAPB Parameters
When you configure a circuit for the X.25 protocol on an Octal Sync link module,
or any synchronous line on Bay Networks AN, ANH, ARN, or ASN routers, the
router automatically configures the LAPB protocol. The Edit SYNC Parameters
window includes an additional LAPB button.
To edit LAPB parameters:
Site Manager Procedure
You do this

System responds

1. In the main Configuration Manager
window, choose Circuits > Edit Circuit.

The Circuit Definition window opens.

2. Choose the X.25 interface that you want to
edit.
3. Click on Edit.

The Circuit Definition window opens.

4. Click on X25 Protocol > Lapb params.

The Edit LAPB Parameters window
opens.

5. Edit the LAPB parameters, using Help or
the LAPB parameter descriptions that
begin on page A-42. When you are
finished, click on OK.

5-2

6. When you are finished, click on OK.

You return to theCircuit Definition window.

7. Click on OK.

You return to the main Configuration
Manager window.

303547-A Rev 00

Chapter 6
Configuring IPEX

This chapter provides instruction on the following:
Topic

Page

Accessing IPEX Global Parameters

6-2

Configuring IPEX Mapping Entries

6-2

Adding an IPEX Mapping Table Entry

6-2

Editing IPEX Mapping Table Entries

6-6

Deleting IPEX Mapping Table Entries

6-6

Deleting IPEX from the Router

6-7

The Technician Interface allows you to modify parameters by executing set and
commit commands with the MIB object ID. This process is equivalent to
modifying parameters using Site Manager. For more information about using the
Technician Interface to access the MIB, see Using Technician Interface Software.
Caution: The Technician Interface does not verify the validity of the
parameter values you enter. Entering an invalid value can corrupt your
configuration.

303547-A Rev 00

6-1

Configuring X.25 Services

Accessing IPEX Global Parameters
After you have configured a network interface circuit for X.25 IPEX, you can edit
the IPEX global parameters. To edit IPEX global parameters:
Site Manager Procedure
You do this

System responds

1. In the main Configuration Manager
window, choose Protocols > IPEX >
Global.

The Edit IPEX Global Parameters window
opens.

2. Edit the following parameters, using Help
or the IPEX global parameter descriptions
that begin on page A-49.
• Enable
• Max Message Size
• Insert Called DTE Address
• Insert Calling DTE Address
3. Click on OK.

You return to the main Configuration
Manager window.

Configuring IPEX Mapping Entries
To set up the mapping between the X.25 and TCP interfaces, follow these steps,
which are explained in more detail in the next sections:
1.

Add an entry to the IPEX mapping table.

Configure the IPEX mapping parameters, using Help or the parameter
descriptions beginning on page A-51.

Adding an IPEX Mapping Table Entry
To add an entry to the IPEX mapping table:

6-2

Choose IPEX as the service type for the service record you are
configuring.

Choose a source connection type (SVC, PVC, or TCP).

Choose a mapping type (Local, End-to-End, or Gateway).

Map source and destination addresses.
303547-A Rev 00

Configuring IPEX

Setting the Type Parameter
The Type parameter determines the service this X.25 connection provides. To set
the Type parameter:
Site Manager Procedure
You do this

System responds

1. In the main Configuration Manager
window, choose Circuits > Edit Circuits.

The Circuit List window opens.

2. Choose an X.25 interface, and click on
Edit.

The Circuit Definition window opens.

3. Choose Protocols > Service.

The X.25 Service Configuration window
opens.

4. Click on Add.

The X.25 Service window opens.

5. Set the Type parameter to IPEX, using
Help or the parameter description on page
A-27.
6. Click on OK.

You return to the X.25 Service window,
which now lists IPEX as the Type
parameter entry.

7. If the Service VC type is PVC, set the
following parameters, using Help or the
parameter descriptions that begin on page
A-28:
• PVC LCN
• First PVC LCN
8. When you are done, click on OK.

303547-A Rev 00

The IPEX Mapping Table Configuration
window opens.

6-3

Configuring X.25 Services

Choosing a Source Connection Type
Each IPEX connection has a source connection type of PVC, SVC, or TCP. Either
the source or destination connection type (but not both) must be TCP. To choose a
source connection type:
Site Manager Procedure
You do this

System responds

1. In the IPEX Mapping Table Configuration
window, click on Add.

The IPEX Mapping Add window opens.

2. Set the Source Connection Type
parameter, using Help or the parameter
description on page A-51.
3. Click on OK.

You return to the IPEX Mapping Add
window. It displays the connection type
you chose.

Choosing a Mapping Type
The mapping type specifies whether facilities, call user data, M-bit, and Q-bit
support terminate locally or are passed end-to-end. To choose a mapping type:
Site Manager Procedure

6-4

You do this

System responds

1. In the IPEX Mapping Add window, set the
Mapping Type parameter, using Help or
the parameter description on page A-52.

The Values Selection window opens.

2. Click on OK.

The IPEX Mapping Parameters window
opens. The parameters in the window
vary depending on what mapping type
you chose.

303547-A Rev 00

Configuring IPEX

Mapping Source and Destination Addresses
Your task is to configure source and destination addresses, the format of which
varies according to connection type. To configure IPEX mappings:
Site Manager Procedure
You do this

System responds

1. In the IPEX Mapping Parameters window,
set mapping parameters appropriate to
the connection type, using Help or the
parameter descriptions that begin on
page A-52:
If you are configuring a PVC, enter values in
these parameters:
• Source PVC LCN
• Remote IP Address
• Remote Backup IP Address
• Remote TCP Port Number
If you are configuring an SVC, enter values in
these parameters:
• X.121 Called Address
• Remote IP Address
• Remote TCP Port Number
If you are configuring TCP, enter values in
these parameters:
• Local TCP Port
• Destination Connection Type
• Destination PVC LCN (only if the
source connection type is PVC)

303547-A Rev 00

2. When you are done, click on OK.

You return to the IPEX Mapping Add
window.

3. Add as many IPEX mappings as your
network requires. When you are finished,
click on OK.

You return to the IPEX Mapping
Configuration window.

4. Edit other IPEX Mapping parameters as
your network requires. When you are
finished, click on Done.

You return to the X.25 Service window.

5. Click on OK.

You return to the X.25 Service
Configuration window.

6. Click on Done.

You return to the main Configuration
Manager window.

6-5

Configuring X.25 Services

Editing IPEX Mapping Table Entries
To edit an IPEX mapping table:
Site Manager Procedure
You do this

System responds

The IPEX Mapping Table Configuration
1. In the main Configuration Manager
window, choose Protocols > IPEX > IPEX window opens.
Mapping Table.
2. Choose the entry you want to edit.
3. Edit parameter values, using Help or the
descriptions that begin on page A-51.
4. Click on Apply to save the new
configuration.
5. Click on Done.

You return to the main Configuration
Manager window.

Deleting IPEX Mapping Table Entries
To delete an entry from the IPEX Mapping Table:
Site Manager Procedure
You do this

System responds

The IPEX Mapping Table Configuration
1. In the main Configuration Manager
window, choose Protocols > IPEX > IPEX window opens.
Mapping Table.
2. Choose the entry you want to delete.

6-6

3. Click on Delete.

The system software deletes the entry
you chose, and it no longer appears in
the list of IPEX Mapping Table entries.

4. Click on Done

You return to the main Configuration
Manager window.

303547-A Rev 00

Configuring IPEX

Deleting IPEX from the Router
To delete IPEX globally:
Site Manager Procedure

303547-A Rev 00

You do this

System responds

1. In the main Configuration Manager
window, choose Protocols > IPEX >
Global > Delete IPEX.

A window opens and prompts:
Do you REALLY want to delete
IPEX?

2. Click on OK.

You return to the main Configuration
Manager window. IPEX is no longer
configured on the router.

6-7

Chapter 7
Enabling and Configuring X.25 PAD Services

This chapter describes how you can configure and use X.25 PAD services.
Topic

Page

Enabling X.25 PAD Services

7-2

Configuring X.25 PAD Ports

7-3

Choosing an X.25 Service Type

7-3

Editing X.25 PAD Global Parameters

7-4

Configuring X.25 PAD Port Parameters

7-5

Configuring Intelligent Serial Daughter Board (ISDB) Parameters

7-6

Configuring Port-to-Port Communication on the Same X.25 PAD

7-8

Initiating X.25 PAD Calls

7-8

Managing the ISDB with Subcommands

7-10

To configure X.25 PAD, you enable X.25 services, configure packet-level
parameters and add at least one X.25 service record with IPEX as the service type.
For further information about enabling X.25, see Chapter 3.

303547-A Rev 00

7-1

Configuring X.25 Services

Enabling X.25 PAD Services
To enable X.25 PAD services:
Site Manager Procedure
You do this

System responds

1. In the main Configuration Manager
window, choose the adapter module on
which you are enabling X.25.

The Module List window opens.

2. Choose ISDB from the list of adapter
modules.
3. Click on OK.

You return to the Configuration Manager.

4. Click on the COM port.

The Add Circuit window opens.

5. Click on OK.

The WAN Protocols menu opens. X.25/
X.25 PAD is the only option.

6. Click on OK.

The X.25 Packet Configuration window
opens.

7. Enter values for the following parameters,
using Help or the parameter descriptions
in this guide.
• PDN X.121/E.164 Address (page A-4)
• Prepend DNIC (page A-62)
• Subaddress Length (page A-62)
• Number of Bidirectional SVC
Channels (page A-9)
• Bidirectional SVC LCN Start
(page A-9)
The Link Address Type is always DCE, and
the Network Address Type is always PDN.
8. Click on OK.

The Select X.25 PAD Ports window
opens.

9. See the next section, “Configuring X.25
PAD Ports” on page 7-5.

7-2

303547-A Rev 00

Enabling and Configuring X.25 PAD Services

Configuring X.25 PAD Ports
The Select X.25 PAD Ports window displays the eight X.25 PAD ports, each of
which defaults to Enable. You can disable one or more of these ports by
completing the tasks in the following table.
Site Manager Procedure
You do this

System responds

1. In the X.25 PAD Ports, window, choose the
port that you want to disable.
1. Click on Values and choose Disable.

X.25 PAD services are disabled for the
port.

2. Click on OK to exit the window.

The X.25 Service Configuration window
opens.

Choosing an X.25 Service Type
Your only task is to choose IPEX as the X.25 Service type. You can also edit other
IPEX parameters (for information, see Chapter 6, “Configuring IPEX”). To
choose an X.25 service type:
Site Manager Procedure
You do this

System responds

1. In the X.25 Service Configuration window, The X.25 Service window opens.
click on Add.
2. Choose IPEX as the value in the Type
parameter.
3. Click on OK.
4.

Click on Add.

The IPEX Mapping Table Configuration
window opens.
The IPEX Mapping Type window opens.

5. Choose a Source Connection Type, SVC
or TCP.
6. Click on OK.

The IPEX Mapping Parameters window
opens.

(continued)

303547-A Rev 00

7-3

Configuring X.25 Services

Site Manager Procedure (continued)
You do this

System responds

7. Configure other IPEX parameters as your
network requires.
8. When you are done, click on OK.

You return to the IPEX Mapping Table
Configuration window.

9. Click on Done.

You return to the X.25 Service
Configuration window.

10. Click on Done.

You return to the main Configuration
Manager window.

Editing X.25 PAD Global Parameters
To edit X.25 PAD global parameters:
Site Manager Procedure
You do this

System responds

1. In the main Configuration Manager
window, choose the X.25 PAD port.
2. Choose Edit Circuit.

The Circuit Definition window opens.

3. Choose X25/ISDB > X25 PAD Global.

The X.25 PAD Global Parameters window
opens.

4. Edit the following X.25 PAD Global
parameters, using Help or the parameter
descriptions beginning on page A-61 as a
guide:
• Enable
• X.121 Address
• Prepend DNIC
• Subaddress Length
5. When you are finished, click on OK.

7-4

You return to the main Configuration
Manager window.

303547-A Rev 00

Enabling and Configuring X.25 PAD Services

Configuring X.25 PAD Port Parameters
You configure X.25 PAD port parameters, which determine the action that a PAD
takes when it receives data from a DTE. You must configure the X.121 subaddress
for each port. The remaining parameters have default values, which you can edit
according to the requirements of your network. These are the X.25 PAD port
parameters.

303547-A Rev 00

•

Enable

•

Edit

•

X.121 Subaddress

•

Character Delete

•

Escape character

•

Line Delete

•

Echo

•

Line Display

•

Data Forwarding Character

•

Edit PAD Service Signals

•

Idle Timer

•

Echo Mask

•

Ancillary Device Control

•

Parity

•

Service Signals

•

Page Wait

•

Break

•

User Data

•

Discard Output

•

Raw Facilities Data

•

Carriage Return Pad

•

Reverse Charge

•

Line Folding

•

Throughput Class Negotiation

•

Flow Control

•

Packet Size Negotiation

•

Linefeed Insert

•

Window Size Negotiation

•

Linefeed PAD

•

Interval Timer

7-5

Configuring X.25 Services

To edit X.25 PAD Port parameters:
Site Manager Procedure
You do this

System responds

1. In the main Configuration Manager
window, choose the X.25 PAD port.
2. Choose Edit Circuit.

The Circuit Definition window opens.

3. Choose X25/ISDB > X25 PAD Port.

The X.25 PAD Port Parameters window
opens.

4. Edit the X.25 PAD Port parameters, using
Help or the parameter descriptions
beginning on page A-63.
5. When you are finished, click on OK.

You return to the main Configuration
Manager window.

Configuring Intelligent Serial Daughter Board (ISDB)
Parameters
When you enable X.25 PAD services, default values are in effect for all ISDB
parameters. You can change these values, depending on your network
requirements. Using Site Manager, you can edit the following ISDB parameters.

7-6

•

Enable (Global)

•

Dcd (Data Carrier Detect)

•

Enable (Port)

•

Prompt

•

Baud Rate

•

Inactivity Timeout

•

Data Bits

•

Async Port Flow Control

•

Parity

•

Remote Terminal Flow Control

•

Stop Bits

•

Dtr Action

•

Cts (Clear to Send)

•

Flow Control Action

•

Dsr (Data Set Ready)

303547-A Rev 00

Enabling and Configuring X.25 PAD Services

Disabling X.25 PAD Services on the ISDB
To disable X.25 PAD services on the ISDB:
Site Manager Procedure
You do this

System responds

1. If you want to disable X.25 PAD services
for a port, in the main Configuration
Manager window, choose the ISDB port.
2. Choose Edit Circuit.

The Circuit Definition window opens.

3. Choose X25/ISDB > ISDB Global.

The ISDB Global Parameter window
opens. The only global parameter is the
Enable parameter.

4. Click on the Values button, and choose
Disable.

X.25 PAD services are disabled on the
ISDB.

Editing the ISDB Port Parameters
To edit ISDB port parameters:
Site Manager Procedure
You do this

System responds

1. In the main Configuration Manager
window, choose the X.25 PAD port.
2. Choose Edit Circuit.

The Circuit Definition window opens.

3. Choose X25/ISDB > ISDB Port
Parameters.

The ISDB Port Parameters window
opens.

4. Edit the parameters, using Help or the
parameter descriptions that begin on
page A-79.
5. When you are done, click on OK.

303547-A Rev 00

You return to the Configuration Manager.

7-7

Configuring X.25 Services

Configuring Port-to-Port Communication on the Same
X.25 PAD
To configure port to port communication on the same X.25 PAD:
1.

Set the X.121 address for the packet-level PDN X.121/E.164 Address
parameter to a different value than the X.25 PAD Global X.121 Address
parameter. The new value must also be unique on your network.
These two addresses are normally the same when the the X.25 PAD connects
to a remote device. When you configure port-to-port communication on the
same PAD, they must be different so that the router can distinguish between
them.

Configure an SVC-to-TCP IPEX mapping.
The called X.121 address should be the same value as the X.25 PAD Global
X.121 Address parameter. Append the subaddress to that identifies the port
for this connection to the X.121 portion of the called address (see the topic,
“Configuring X.25 PAD Ports,” on page 7-5). The Remote IP address is an IP
address that has configured been configured on the router. The Remote TCP
Port Number is the TCP port that the router will use to make this connection.

Initiating X.25 PAD Calls
To use an X.25 PAD, you connect a terminal server to the console port of the
breakout box, and initiate a call at the PAD prompt (here represented by $) using
one or a combination of the following rules:
•

Enter the address you are calling, often referred to as the called address, and
press Return.
Example: $31105080033301

•

Enter the call or c command followed by the called address, and press Return.
Examples: $call31105080033301 or $c31105080033301

•

If you set the Prepend DNIC parameter to YES, omit the first 4 digits of the
called address.
Examples: For X.121 address 31105080033301 the DNIC is the first 4 digits,
3110, and the subaddress is the last two digits, 01. Place the call as follows:
$5080033301

7-8

or $call5080033301 or $c5080033301
303547-A Rev 00

Enabling and Configuring X.25 PAD Services

•

You can override a Prepend DNIC parameter that is set to YES by putting a
colon (:) in front of the called address.
Examples: $:31105080033301 or $call:31105080033301 or
$c:31105080033301

•

You can separate the X.121 address and the subaddress.
$31150800333.01

or $call31150800333.01 or $c31150800333.01

Changing Between Command Mode and Data Transfer Mode
The X.25 PAD operates in two modes: command mode and data transfer mode.
After you initiate a call, you are in command mode. To change modes:
Mode Change

Keystrokes

Command Mode to Data Transfer Mode

Carriage Return + ^P (Escape character) +
a second Carriage Return

Data Transfer Mode to Command Mode

CO (Continue) + Carriage Return

X.25 PAD Commands
You can issue commands at the X.25 PAD command line to make changes
dynamically. Be aware that these changes do not alter the MIB, and are not saved.
To make permanent changes to your configuration, use Site Manager. You can
issue the following commands at the X.25 PAD command line. You can issue
these commands in either upper or lower case, or with initial capital letters.
Table 7-1.

X.25 PAD Commands

Command

Description

c or call

Places a call.

continue or co

Returns the PAD to data mode.

clr

Clears the current call.

iclr

Sends a clear request packet, but the PAD continues to send data
until it receives a clear confirm packet from the router.

par?

Requests the current values of all the local PAD parameters.
(continued)

303547-A Rev 00

7-9

Configuring X.25 Services
Table 7-1.

X.25 PAD Commands (continued)

Command

Description

rpar?

Requests the current values of all the remote PAD parameters.

set :

Changes the current values of specified local PAD parameters.

set? :

Changes the current values of specified local PAD parameters, and
displays the changed values.

rset :

Changes the current values of specified remote PAD parameters.

rset? : Changes the current values of specified remote parameters, and
displays the changed values.
stat

Requests the local PAD call status.

prof 1/2

Assigns the current values of the local PAD to a predefined profile.

int

Transmits an interrupt packet.

break

Transmits a break packet.

reset

Transmits a reset packet.

fcty

Adds user defined facilities to outgoing calls. If you issue this
command with no arguments, the result is that the PAD includes no
facilities.

udat

Adds user defined user data to outgoing calls. If you issue this
command with no arguments, the result is that the PAD includes no
user data.

For further information about X.25 PAD commands, including parameter
numbers, see the CCITT X.3 Recommendation.

Managing the ISDB with Subcommands
The following isdb subcommands allow you to manage the ISDB from the
Technician Interface. There are other subcommands that allow you to monitor
your network. Appendix E, “X.25 PAD Technical Supplement,” defines these
commands.
Use the following syntax for the isdb command and subcommands.

7-10

303547-A Rev 00

Enabling and Configuring X.25 PAD Services
isdb [-s ] [-c ] [-p ]

[:]
isdb

The command that allows you to view data from the
ISDB

Subcommand (listed in the next section)

Slot number

Connector number

Serial port number

Volume number

ISDB image name

Subcommand Definitions
isdb start

Enables the image to run on the ISDB. The ISDB image starts automatically when
the hardware and the ISDB subsystem initialize (after power up, cold start, or
initial dyamic configuration). You must manually start the ISDB by issuing the
start command after issuing a download, upload, or stop command.
isdb stop

Halts the operation of the image running on the ISDB. You should issue the stop
command before you download a new image, upload a memory dump, or
troubleshoot.
isdb reset

Resets ISDB hardware. After you issue the reset command, the ISDB
re-initializes itself and then continues normal operation. When the hardware
appears not to be operating, the reset command lets you reset the ISDB without
resetting the router.

303547-A Rev 00

7-11

Configuring X.25 Services
isdb download

Downloads the ISDB executable. Lets you download an ISDB image from the
flash to the ISDB. You must first issue the stop command to stop the operation of
the image currently running on the ISDB. Then issue the download command.
Finally, after the download has completed, you must issue the start command.
isdb upload

Uploads the DRAM of the ISDB hardware for troubleshooting. The upload file
requires 2 MB of flash space, and takes about three minutes to complete. You
must first issue the stop command to stop the operation of the image currently
running on the ISDB. Then issue the upload command. Finally, after the upload
has completed, you must issue the start command.

7-12

303547-A Rev 00

Enabling and Configuring X.25 PAD Services

Using isdb Subcommands: An Example
Here is an example that uses the stop, download, and start commands. Note the
sequence and syntax.
isdb stop -c 1

where 1 is the connector

isdb download -c 1 1:isdb.img

where 1 is the connector
and 1:isdb.img is the
volume number and the
name of the ISDB image
file

The download operation takes about two minutes to complete. To check on the
process, you can view the router log:
log -fftwid -eISDB
#3: 12/15/97 11:33:16.699

INFO

SLOT

ISDB Code:

INFO

SLOT

ISDB Code:

INFO

SLOT

ISDB Code:

SLOT

ISDB Code:

SLOT

ISDB Code:

Isdb Hardware Stop Connector 1
#4: 12/15/97 11:33:50.450
Download Started
#5: 12/15/97 11:34:18.406

Download/Upload operation complete
#6: 12/15/97 11:34:18.808

INFO

Isdb Hardware Flash Burn Starting
#7: 12/15/97 11:35:45.626

INFO

Isdb Hardware Flash Burn Complete

After you have downloaded the new isdb image, issue the isdb start command to
resume operation of the isdb.
isdb start -c 1

where 1 is the connector

You follow the same sequence to use the upload subcommand.

303547-A Rev 00

7-13

Chapter 8
Configuring QLLC

This chapter describes how to configure QLLC, including:
Topic

Page

Configuring QLLC Mapping Entries

8-2

Adding a QLLC Mapping Table Entry

8-2

Editing a QLLC Mapping Table Entry

8-4

Deleting a QLLC Mapping Table Entry

8-5

Deleting QLLC from the Router

8-6

The Technician Interface allows you to modify parameters by executing set and
commit commands with the MIB object ID. This process is equivalent to
modifying parameters using Site Manager. For more information about using the
Technician Interface to access the MIB, refer to Using Technician Interface
Software.
Caution: The Technician Interface does not verify the validity of the
parameter values you enter. Entering an invalid value can corrupt your
configuration.

303547-A Rev 00

8-1

Configuring X.25 Services

Configuring QLLC Mapping Entries
To configure an X.25 network interface circuit for QLLC:
1.

Add an entry to the QLLC mapping table (only for DLSw support).

Configure the QLLC mapping parameters (only for DLSw support.)

Configure DLSw or APPN over X.25 circuits.
Refer to Configuring DLSw Services or Configuring APPN Services.

Adding a QLLC Mapping Table Entry
To add an entry to the QLLC mapping table:
1.

Choose QLLC as the service type for the service record you are
configuring.

Set the Remote X.121/E.164 Address parameter.

Set the Pool Start and MAC Pool Size parameters if you use wildcards.

Create a mapping entry.

Setting Service Record Parameters for QLLC
To set the Type, the Remote X.121/E.164 Address, the MAC Pool Start, and MAC
Pool Size parameters:
Site Manager Procedure
You do this

System responds

1. In the main Configuration Manager
window, choose Circuits > Edit Circuits.

The Circuit List window opens.

2. Choose an X.25 interface, and click on
Edit.

The Circuit Definition window opens.

3. Choose Protocols > Service.

The X.25 Service Configuration window
opens.

4. Click on Add.

The X.25 Service window opens.

(continued)

8-2

303547-A Rev 00

Configuring QLLC

Site Manager Procedure (continued)
You do this

System responds

5. Set the Type parameter to QLLC, using
Help or the parameter description on page
A-27.
6. Enter the appropriate address in the
Remote X.121/E.164 parameter, using
Help or the parameter description on page
A-30.
7. Scroll through the parameter list and set
the MAC Pool Start and MAC Pool Size
parameters, using Help or the parameter
descriptions beginning on page A-41.
8. Click on OK.

The QLLC Mapping Table Configuration
window opens.

Adding a Mapping Entry
You define either a wildcard or station-to-host mapping entry by supplying a Map
Entry Name, Adjacent and Partner X.121 addresses, and Adjacent and Partner
MAC addresses.
In defining these mapping entries, the difference is that when you configure
station-to-host mappings, you must supply addresses for each individual station.
When you use a wildcard, the wildcard replaces at least one, and usually more
than one station address, and you can use a null value.

303547-A Rev 00

8-3

Configuring X.25 Services

The major conceptual difference is that when you use wildcards, you focus on the
router that connects to the host, rather than on individual endstations.
Site Manager Procedure
You do this

System responds

1. In the QLLC Mapping Table Configuration
window, click on Add.

The QLLC Mapping Parameters window
opens.

2. Enter values for the following parameters,
using Help or the parameter descriptions
beginning on page A-84:
• Map Entry Name
• Adjacent DTE/DCE X.121 Address
• Adjacent MAC Address
• Partner DTE/DCE X.121 Address
• Partner MAC Address
3. When you are finished, click on OK.

You return to the QLLC Mapping Table
Configuration window.

4. Create more mappings as your network
requires. When you are finished, click on
Done.

You return to the main Configuration
Manager window.

Note: Each mapping entry must have a unique combination of adjacent X.121
address, partner X.121 address, and protocol ID.

Editing a QLLC Mapping Table Entry
To edit a QLLC mapping table entry:
Site Manager Procedure
You do this

System responds

1. In the main Configuration Manager
window, choose Circuits > Edit Circuits.

The Circuit List window opens.

2. Choose the circuit you want to edit.

(continued)

8-4

303547-A Rev 00

Configuring QLLC

Site Manager Procedure (continued)
You do this

System responds

3. Click on Edit.

The Circuit Definition window opens.

4. Choose X.25 Protocol > Service

The X.25 Service Configuration window
opens.

5. Choose QLLC.

The QLLC Mapping Table Configuration
window opens.

6. Choose a mapping table entry and edit the
parameters, using Help or the parameter
descriptions that begin on page A-84.
7. Click on Apply to save the new
configuration.
8. Click on Done.

You return to the main Configuration
Manager window.

Deleting a QLLC Mapping Table Entry
To delete a QLLC mapping table entry.
Site Manager Procedure
You do this

System responds

1. In the main Configuration Manager
window, choose Circuits > Edit Circuits.

The Circuit List window opens.

2. Choose the circuit you want to edit.
3. Click on Edit.

The Circuit Definition window opens.

4. Choose X.25 Protocol > Service

The X.25 Service Configuration window
opens.

5. Choose QLLC.

The QLLC Mapping Table Configuration
window opens.

6. Choose a mapping table entry.

303547-A Rev 00

7. Click on Delete.

The entry is deleted and no longer
appears in the mapping table.

8. Click on Done.

You return to the main Configuration
Manager window.

8-5

Configuring X.25 Services

Deleting QLLC from the Router
To delete QLLC globally:
Site Manager Procedure

8-6

You do this

System responds

1. In the main Configuration Manager
window, choose Protocols > QLLC >
Global > Delete QLLC.

A window opens and prompts:
Do you REALLY want to delete
QLLC?

2. Click on OK.

You return to the main Configuration
Manager window. QLLC is no longer
configured on the router.

303547-A Rev 00

Appendix A
Site Manager Parameters

This appendix provides information on all X.25 parameters. You can display the
same information using Site Manager online Help.
This appendix contains the following information:

303547-A Rev 00

Topic

Page

For each parameter, this appendix provides the following information:

A-2

X.25 Packet-Level Parameters

A-3

X.25 Network Service Record Parameters

A-27

LAPB Parameters

A-42

IPEX Global Parameters

A-49

IPEX Mapping Parameters

A-51

X.25 PAD Global Parameters

A-61

X.25 PAD Port Parameters

A-63

ISDB Global Parameter

A-78

ISDB Port Parameters

A-79

QLLC Parameters

A-84

A-1

Configuring X.25 Services

For each parameter, this appendix provides the following information:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•

Parameter name
Configuration Manager menu path
Default setting
Valid parameter options
Parameter function
Instructions for setting the parameter
Management information base (MIB) object ID

The Technician Interface allows you to modify parameters by issuing set and
commit commands with the MIB object ID. This process is equivalent to
modifying parameters using Site Manager. For more information about using the
Technician Interface to access the MIB, see Using Technician Interface Software.
Caution: The Technician Interface does not verify the validity of your
parameter values. Entering an invalid value can corrupt your configuration.

X.25 Global Parameter
Use the following parameter description to edit the
parameters:X.25:global;X.25:parameters:global X.25 global parameter.
Parameter: Enable
Path:
Default:
Options:
Function:
Instructions:

Configuration Manager > Protocols > X.25 > Global
Enable
Enable | Disable
Globally enables or disables X.25 services.
Set to Disable if you want to disable X.25 on this interface without deleting it.
Set to Enable to reenable X.25 service, if you previously disabled it.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.9.1.1.2

A-2

303547-A Rev 00

Site Manager Parameters

X.25 Packet-Level Parameters
Use the following descriptions to set or edit packet-level parameters.
Caution: Line speed, packet size, and window size all affect packet
throughput across the X.25 network. Setting any of these variables too low can
cause the router to drop packets. Therefore, use caution when changing the
default settings for the following X.25 parameters:

•
•
•
•

Max Window Size
Max Packet Length
Window Size
Packet Size

Parameter: Enable
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Packet
Default: Enable
Options: Enable | Disable
Function: Enables or disables packet-level services for the interface.
Instructions: Set to Disable to disable packet-level services.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.5.1.2

Parameter: Link Address Type
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Packet
Default: DCE
Options: DCE | DTE
Function: Specifies whether this interface provides logical DCE or DTE services.
Instructions: Specify the service type as DCE or DTE. You must set one end of the link as a
DCE and the other end as a DTE.

303547-A Rev 00

A-3

Configuring X.25 Services

Parameter: Network Address Type
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Packet
Default: PDN_Network
Options: PDN_Network | DDN_Network | BFE_Network
Function: Specifies the type of X.25 network to which the interface connects. The value of
this parameter determines the format of the local X.121 address.
Instructions: Specify PDN_Network for a Public Data Network or a Point-to-Point
connection. Specify DDN_Network for a Defense Data Network. Specify
BFE_Network for a DDN that uses BFE encryption.
If you specify PDN_Network you must enter the local address in X.121 address
format: that is, you must specify a value for the PDN X.121/E.164 Address
parameter.
If you specify DDN_Network or BFE_Network, you must enter the local
address in IP address format: that is, you must specify a value for the DDN IP
Address parameter. The router will translate the address into X.121 format.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.5.1.50

Parameter: PDN X.121/E.164 Address
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Packet
Default: None
Options: Any valid X.121 or E.164 address
Function: Specifies the X.121 or E.164 address assigned to this interface. The X.25
network service provider supplies the X.121 or E.164 address.
Set this parameter only if you set the Network Address Type parameter to
PDN_Network.
Instructions: Enter the appropriate X.121 or E.164 address (up to 15 decimal digits).
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.5.1.52

A-4

303547-A Rev 00

Site Manager Parameters

Parameter: DDN IP Address
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Packet
Default: None
Options: Any valid IP address
Function: Specifies the IP address assigned to this interface. The router translates the
address into X.121 format and uses it as the local address.
Set this parameter only if you set the Network Address Type parameter to
DDN_Network or BFE_Network.
Instructions: Enter the appropriate IP address.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.5.1.51

Parameter: Sequence Size
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Packet
Default: MOD8
Options: MOD8 | MOD128
Function: Specifies the modulo of sequence numbering.
Instructions: Set to the appropriate sequence size.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.5.1.10

303547-A Rev 00

A-5

Configuring X.25 Services

Parameter: Restart Procedure Type
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Packet
Default: DTE_Restart (for DTE) or DCE_Restart (for DCE)
Options: DTE_Restart | DTE_Norestart | DTE_DXE | DCE_Restart
Function: For each X.25 interface, this parameter specifies the device type (DTE or DCE)
at the X.25 packet level. It also enables you to turn on restart procedures, which
clear all virtual circuits and let you initialize a link. You can also use the restart
procedures to recover from a network failure.
Instructions: Select the value that matches your device type and determine whether you want
to enable restart procedures. Select DTE_Restart if your interface is a DTE.
Select DCE_Restart if your interface is a DCE. Select DTE_Norestart if you
have a DTE interface but do not want to enable restart procedures. DTE_DXE is
for a DTE/DTE environment, and it leaves the DTE unassigned, while still
providing restart procedures.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.5.1.45

Parameter: Default Tx/Rx Window Size
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Packet
Default: 2
Options: 1 to 7 (for MOD8) or 1 to 127 (for MOD128)
Function: Specifies a default window size for this packet layer.
The value in this parameter applies only if the Flow Control Negotiation
parameter is set to OFF in both the packet level and service record parameters.
Instructions: To specify a window size other than 2, enter a value within the specified range.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.5.1.42

A-6

303547-A Rev 00

Site Manager Parameters

Parameter: Default Tx/Rx Pkt Length
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Packet
Default: 128
Options: 16 | 32 | 64 | 128 | 256 | 512 | 1024 | 2048 | 4096
Function: Specifies a default packet size for this packet layer.
The value in this parameter applies only if the Flow Control Negotiation
parameter is set to OFF.
Instructions: To specify a nonstandard default packet size, set to one of the available options.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.5.1.43
Note: The following parameters for configuring virtual channels require that
you specify logical channel number (LCN) value ranges. Use the following
guidelines when specifying LCN ranges for PVCs and SVCs:

• Each VC channel you configure on the router must have a unique LCN.
• There is one type of PVC.
• There are three types of SVC channels: incoming, bidirectional, and
outgoing.
• You must configure at least one VC channel for X.25 to establish calls.
• Configure PVCs before you configure SVCs.
• The total number of channels you configure cannot exceed 512.

Parameter: Number of PVC Channels
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Packet
Default: None
Options: 0 to 512
Function: Specifies the number of permanent logical channels for this interface.
Instructions: Enter the number of permanent logical channels that you assign to this interface.
Configure PVC channels before you configure SVC channels.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.5.1.55

303547-A Rev 00

A-7

Configuring X.25 Services

Parameter: PVC LCN Start
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Packet
Default: None
Options: 0 to 4095
Function: Specifies the lowest logical channel number for the PVCs on this interface.
Instructions: Enter a number in the range allowed. Remember that PVC and SVC channel
numbers cannot overlap. Choose a small enough value for this parameter so that
the last channel number will be less than 4095.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.5.1.56

Parameter: Number of Incoming SVC Channels
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Packet
Default: 0
Options: 0 to 512
Function: Specifies the number of switched logical channels that accept incoming calls
only.
Instructions: Enter the number of channels that you assign to incoming calls only on this
interface.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.5.1.36

Parameter: Incoming SVC LCN Start
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Packet
Default: 0
Options: 0 to 4095
Function: Specifies the lowest logical channel number that the router can assign to logical
channels that accept incoming call requests only.
Instructions: Enter a number greater than the highest number reserved for PVC channels, but
small enough that the last SVC channel number will be less than 4095.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.5.1.37

A-8

303547-A Rev 00

Site Manager Parameters

Parameter: Number of Bidirectional SVC Channels
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Packet
Default: 0
Options: 0 to 512; only 16 are available for X.25 PAD
Function: Specifies the number of switched logical channels that both accept incoming
calls and transmit outgoing calls.
Instructions: Enter the number of logical channels that you assign to both accept and transmit
calls on this interface.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.5.1.38

Parameter: Bidirectional SVC LCN Start
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Packet
Default: 0
Options: 0 to 4095
Function: Specifies the lowest logical channel number that the router can assign to
bidirectional logical channels.
Instructions: Enter a number greater than the highest number reserved for incoming SVC
channels, but small enough that the last SVC channel number will be less than
4095.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.5.1.39

Parameter: Number of Outgoing SVC Channels
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Packet
Default: 0
Options: 0 to 512
Function: Specifies the number of switched logical channels that transmit outgoing calls
only.
Instructions: Enter the number of channels that you assign to outgoing calls only.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.5.1.40
303547-A Rev 00

A-9

Configuring X.25 Services

Parameter: Outgoing SVC LCN Start
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Packet
Default: 0
Options: 0 to 4095
Function: Specifies the lowest logical channel number that the router can assign to logical
channels that transmit outgoing call requests only.
Instructions: Enter a number greater than the highest number reserved for bidirectional SVC
channels, but small enough that the last SVC channel number will be less than
4095.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.5.1.41

Parameter: Use Default Service Configuration
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Packet
Default: OFF
Options: ON | OFF
Function: Creates default DDN service records for every DDN SVC on your network.
Instructions: Select ON if you want to use default values for your DDN SVCs. If you want to
set this parameter to ON and still individually configure some of your DDN
SVCs, see “Editing X.25 Network Service Records,” on page 4-3.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.5.1.54

A-10

303547-A Rev 00

Site Manager Parameters

Parameter: T1 Timer
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Packet
Default: 60
Options: 1 to 999 seconds
Function: Specifies how long the router waits to receive an acknowledgment of a
transmitted command frame. Specifically, the T1 timer sets, in seconds, the
timeout values for Restart, Reset, and Clear commands. The router uses this
timer to set up data links.
Instructions: You should accept the default value, 60, for most configurations.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.5.1.32
Caution: We recommend that you accept the default T1 Timer, T2 Timer,
T3 Timer, and T4 Timer values. Reset these parameters with caution.

Parameter:

T2 Timer

Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Packet
Default: 180
Options: 1 to 999 seconds
Function: Specifies the call-confirmation timeout value in seconds. The value for this
timer is the amount of time the router has to respond to a call-confirmation
condition. This timer represents the ITU-T (formerly CCITT) T11 timer for the
DCE and the T21 timer for the DTE.
Instructions: You should accept the default value, 180, for most configurations.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.5.1.33

303547-A Rev 00

A-11

Configuring X.25 Services

Parameter: T3 Timer
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Packet
Default: 200
Options: 200 to 2000 milliseconds
Function: Specifies the congestion or busy condition watchdog timeout value in
milliseconds. The value for this timer is the length of time the router has to
respond to a congestion or busy condition.
Instructions: You should accept the default value, 200, for most configurations.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.5.1.34

Parameter:

T4 Timer

Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Packet
Default: 200
Options: 200 to 2000 milliseconds
Function: Specifies the data packet transmission watchdog timeout value in milliseconds.
The value for this timer is the length of time that the router has to respond to an
acknowledgment frame. This is a Bay Networks proprietary internal timer.
Instructions: You should accept the default value, 200, for most configurations.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.5.1.35

A-12

303547-A Rev 00

Site Manager Parameters

Parameter: Flow Control Negotiation
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Packet
Default: OFF
Options: ON | OFF
Function: Enables the flow-control negotiation facility on this interface.
When you enable flow-control negotiation, the router can negotiate the
maximum window size and packet length for virtual circuits on this interface on
a per-call basis. It uses the Max Window Size and Max Packet Length parameter
settings as a boundary check during negotiations. The receiving DTE may
accept these values or reply with a counterproposal.
When you disable flow-control negotiation, the router uses the values specified
by these parameters:
Default Tx/Rx Window Size
Default Tx/Rx Pkt Length
Configure the remote peer router to match these default values.
Instructions: To enable flow-control negotiation, set this parameter to ON. Then be sure to set
the following parameters as shown in Table A-1, or flow-control negotiation
will not work
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.5.1.14

303547-A Rev 00

A-13

Configuring X.25 Services
Table A-1.

Parameter Settings for Flow-Control Negotiation

Parameter

Value

X. 25 Packet-Level parameters
Max Window Size/Max Packet Length

See parameter descriptions

Acceptance Format

DEFEXT

Release Format

DEFEXT

X. 25 Service Record parameters
Flow Facility

Negot

Window Size/Packet Size

See parameter descriptions

Parameter: Max Window Size
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Packet
Default: 2
Options: 1 to 7 (for MOD8) or 1 to 127 (for MOD128)
Function: Specifies the maximum window size allowed in the facilities field of outgoing
and incoming call request packets generated by the router and transmitted on
this interface.
Instructions: If you set the Sequence Size parameter to MOD8, accept the default, 2, or enter
a value between 1 and 7. If you set the Sequence Size parameter to MOD128,
enter a value between 1 and 127.
On peer routers, the values of Max Window Size and Max Packet Length
parameters must be the same.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.5.1.11
Caution: Window size and packet length can affect packet throughput across
the X.25 network. Setting either the Max Window Size or Max Packet Length
parameter too low can cause the router to drop packets.

A-14

303547-A Rev 00

Site Manager Parameters

Parameter: Max Packet Length
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Packet
Default: 128
Options: 16 | 32 | 64 | 128 | 256 | 512 | 1024 | 2048 | 4096
Function: Specifies the maximum length, in bytes, of the information field of outgoing
X.25 packets generated by the router and transmitted on this interface.
Instructions: Accept the default, 128, or set to one of the available options.
On peer routers, the values of Max Window Size and Max Packet Length
parameters must be the same.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.5.1.12
Caution: Window size and packet length can affect packet throughput across
the X.25 network. Setting either the Max Window Size or Max Packet Length
parameter too low can cause the router to drop packets.

Parameter: Tx/Rx Throughput Class
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Packet
Default: THRCLASS19200
Options: THRCLASS75 | 150 | 300 | 600 | 1200 | 2400 | 4800 |
9600 | 19200 | 48000 | 64000
Function: Specifies the default data throughput rate (amount of data in bits per second) for
packets transmitted and received on this X.25 interface. This is the throughput
value that the router first uses when bringing up the line.
If the router receives an incoming call requesting to negotiate a throughput rate
different from this value, the router checks the Max Throughput Class parameter
value to determine whether it can support the requested rate.
Instructions: To specify a nonstandard default data throughput rate, select one of the available
options.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.5.1.44

303547-A Rev 00

A-15

Configuring X.25 Services

Parameter: Throughput Class Negotiation
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Packet
Default: OFF
Options: ON | OFF
Function: Permits the negotiation of throughput classes, allowing you to determine the
amount of throughput you want to go through the switch.
When you enable this parameter, the router can negotiate the throughput rate for
virtual circuits on this interface on a per-call basis. The receiving DTE may
accept the proposed rate or reply with a counterproposal.
Instructions: If you want the router to accept calls with throughput negotiation, set this
parameter to ON.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.5.1.15

Parameter: Max Throughput Class
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Packet
Default: 19200
Options: 75 | 150 | 300 | 600 | 1200 | 2400 | 4800 | 9600 | 19200 | 48000 | 64000
Function: Specifies the maximum throughput rate (amount of data in bits per second) that
this VC can send across the X.25 network.
If the Throughput Class Negotiation parameter is set to ON, the default value
(19200) is the maximum value allowed by this parameter.
Instructions: Accept the default, 19200, or select one of the available options.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.5.1.13

A-16

303547-A Rev 00

Site Manager Parameters

Parameter: Network User Identification
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Packet
Default: OFF
Options: ON | OFF
Function: Specifies whether this interface supports the Network User Identification (NUI)
service facility.
When you enable this parameter, the router can provide administrative and
management information to the DCE on a per-call basis.
Instructions: To enable NUI support, set this parameter to ON.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.5.1.16

Parameter: Incoming Calls Accept
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Packet
Default: ON
Options: ON | OFF
Function: Specifies whether this interface accepts incoming calls.
When you enable this parameter, the router can accept incoming call requests on
this interface.
Instructions: To disable incoming calls, set this parameter to OFF.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.5.1.17

303547-A Rev 00

A-17

Configuring X.25 Services

Parameter: Outgoing Calls Accept
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Packet
Default: ON
Options: ON | OFF
Function: Specifies whether this interface generates outgoing call requests.
When you enable this parameter, the router can initiate outgoing call requests on
this interface.
Instructions: To disable outgoing calls, set this parameter to OFF.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.5.1.18

Parameter: Fast Select Accept
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Packet
Default: OFF
Options: ON | OFF
Function: Enables the fast select accept facility on this interface.
When you enable this parameter, the router can accept incoming call requests
with fast select facility on this interface.
Instructions: To enable the fast select accept facility, set this parameter to ON.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.5.1.19

A-18

303547-A Rev 00

Site Manager Parameters

Parameter: Reverse Charge Accept
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Packet
Default: OFF
Options: ON | OFF
Function: Enables or disables the reverse charge accept facility on this interface.
When you enable this parameter, the router can accept calls with the reverse
charge facility.
Instructions: To enable the reverse charge accept facility, set this parameter to ON.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.5.1.20
Note: When this parameter is set to ON, the router accepts calls with the
reverse charge facility, but it does not maintain a record of the charges.

Parameter: Fast Select
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Packet
Default: OFF
Options: ON | OFF
Function: Enables the fast select accept request facility on this interface.
When you enable this parameter, call request packets the router generates and
transmits on this interface can contain up to 128 bytes of user data.
Instructions: To enable the fast select request facility, set this parameter to ON.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.5.1.21

303547-A Rev 00

A-19

Configuring X.25 Services

Parameter: Reverse Charging
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Packet
Default: OFF
Options: ON | OFF
Function: Enables or disables the reverse charge request facility on this interface.
Packet network charges accrue whenever the router generates an outgoing call
request packet. When you enable this parameter, these packet network charges
are charged to the receiving DTE.
Instructions: To enable the reverse charge request facility, set this parameter to ON.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.5.1.22

Parameter: CUG Selection
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Packet
Default: Null
Options: Null | Basic (16) | Extended (32)
Function: Specifies the type of closed user group (CUG) facility that the interface
supports.
Instructions: If you accept the default value, Null, no closed user groups are supported; if you
set this parameter to Basic, the Basic facility is supported; if you set this
parameter to Extended, the Extended facility is supported. Ensure that the value
of this parameter matches the value of the network service record parameter
CUG Facility Format.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.5.1.23

A-20

303547-A Rev 00

Site Manager Parameters

Parameter: CUG Outgoing Access
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Packet
Default: Null
Options: Null | CUGOA
Function: Specifies whether or not this interface supports a closed user group (CUG) with
outgoing access.
Instructions: To enable CUG with outgoing access, set this parameter to CUGOA. If you
enable this option, set the CUG Selection parameter to Extended. In addition,
set the network service record parameter CUG Facility Type to OA.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.5.1.24

Parameter: CUG Bilateral Selection
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Packet
Default: Null
Options: Null | Bilateral
Function: Specifies whether or not this interface supports a bilateral closed user group
(CUG).
Instructions: To enable CUG with bilateral facility support, set this parameter to Bilateral. If
you enable this option, set the CUG Selection parameter to Extended. In
addition, set the network service record parameter CUG Facility Type to
Bilateral.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.5.1.25

303547-A Rev 00

A-21

Configuring X.25 Services

Parameter: RPOA Selection
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Packet
Default: OFF
Options: ON | OFF
Function: Enables the recognized private operating agencies (RPOA) selection facility on
this interface. When you enable this parameter, the router can accept incoming
calls with this facility; the router accepts both RPOA Basic format and Extended
format.
Instructions: To enable the RPOA facility, set this parameter to ON.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.5.1.26
Note: When this parameter is set to ON, the router accepts calls with the
RPOA facility, but it does not validate them.

Parameter: Charging Information
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Packet
Default: OFF
Options: ON | OFF
Function: Specifies whether this packet layer accepts incoming calls with charging
information; however, the packet layer does not collect any charging
information.
Instructions: To enable the charging information facility, set this parameter to ON.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.5.1.27

A-22

303547-A Rev 00

Site Manager Parameters

Parameter: Transit Delay
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Packet
Default: OFF
Options: ON | OFF
Function: Specifies whether this packet layer accepts incoming calls with transit delay.
Note that the router does not send outgoing calls with transit delay.
Instructions: To enable transit delay, set this parameter to ON.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.5.1.28

Parameter: Full Addressing
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Packet
Default: ON
Options: ON | OFF
Function: Specifies whether the router includes a full local DTE address in all outgoing
call requests transmitted on this interface.
Instructions: To enable full addressing, set this parameter to ON.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.5.1.29

Parameter: Acceptance Format
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Packet
Default: Basic (2)
Options: Basic (2) | Allext (255) | Defext (128)
Function: Specifies the call accept packet format as follows:
• Basic is Basic call accept packet format.
• Allext is Extended call accept packet format.
• Defext specifies that when an incoming call does not include facilities, a
default Basic call accept packet format is used.
Instructions: Select the appropriate call accept packet format.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.5.1.30
303547-A Rev 00

A-23

Configuring X.25 Services

Parameter: Release Format
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Packet
Default: Basic (2)
Options: Basic (2) | Allext (255) | Defext (128)
Function: Specifies the call accept packet format as follows:
• Basic is Basic call accept packet format.
• Allext is Extended call accept packet format.
• Defext specifies that when an incoming call does not include facilities, a
default Basic call accept packet format is used.
Instructions: Select the appropriate call clear packet format.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.5.1.31

Parameter: CCITT Conformance
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Packet
Default: DXE1988
Options: DXE1980 | DXE1984 | DXE1988 | FDSEL1980 | FDSEL1984 | FDSEL1988
Function: Specifies the CCITT (now ITU-T) specification to which the router’s operation
conforms.
Instructions: Select a CCITT conformance year that matches your network requirements. For
example, if you are connecting to a DXE1980-compliant network, select
DXE1980
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.5.1.46

A-24

303547-A Rev 00

Site Manager Parameters

Parameter: Network Standard
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Packet
Default: None
Options: None | ISO | DOD
Function: Specifies the network standard with which your router complies. The value of
this parameter is in addition to the ITU-T (formerly CCITT) specification with
which your network conforms.
Instructions: Select the appropriate network standard. Choose None if you want to use only
the CCITT Conformance value. Select ISO if you are connecting to a network
that complies with the International Organization for Standardization. Select
DOD if you are connecting to a network that complies with Department of
Defense specifications (DDN networks).
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.5.1.47

Parameter: Statistics Computation
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Packet
Default: Disable
Options: Enable | Disable
Function: Specifies whether the router computes statistics and X.25 debug logging for the
packet level and all the virtual circuits associated with this line instance. If you
set this parameter to Disable, the router computes no statistics, which
maximizes data throughput. If you set this parameter to Enable, the router
computes statistics.
Instructions: Set this parameter to Enable or Disable.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.5.1.49

303547-A Rev 00

A-25

Configuring X.25 Services

Parameter: Client Response Timer
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Packet
Default: 120
Options: 1 to 999 seconds
Function: Specifies the client application response timeout period in seconds to allow for
extended delays that can occur negotiating with remote clients. This timer must
have a value greater than that for the T3 Timer parameter, and less than the
value for the T2 Timer parameter.
Instructions: You should accept the default value for most configurations.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.5.1.57

Parameter: Client PDU Size
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Packet
Default: 1600
Options: 1600 to 4096 bytes
Function: This value represents the largest message size X.25 will handle on a given
logical channel.
Instructions: Accept the default, or enter another value.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.5.1.58

A-26

303547-A Rev 00

Site Manager Parameters

X.25 Network Service Record Parameters
Use the following descriptions to set or edit network service record parameters.
Parameter: Enable
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Service
Default: Enable
Options: Enable | Disable
Function: Enables or disables the network service record.
Instructions: Set this parameter to Disable only if you want to disable this service record.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.2.1.2

Parameter: Type
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Service
Default: None
Options: PDN | DDN | PtoP | IPEX | QLLC
Function: Specifies the type of X.25 service that this interface supplies.
• PDN for Public Data Network service
• DDN for Defense Data Network service
• PtoP for Point-to-Point network service
• IPEX for TCP/IP Tunneling over X.25
• QLLC for Qualified Logical Link Control service
Instructions: Choose one of these network service types. If you specify IPEX or QLLC you
must configure several IPEX or QLLC specific parameters. For parameters
specific to IPEX, see page A-49. For QLLC parameters, see page A-84.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.2.1.9

303547-A Rev 00

A-27

Configuring X.25 Services

Parameter: Service VC Type
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Service
Default: SVC
Options: SVC | PVC
Function: Specifies whether this service record applies to an SVC or a PVC.
Instructions: Select the VC type that describes this circuit.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.2.1.36
Note: You can enable bridging only with SVC Service VC Type. Bridging
does not work with PVCs.

Parameter: PVC LCN
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Service
Default: None
Options: 1 to 4095
Function: Specifies the logical channel number of the PVC for this service record.
Instructions: Enter the LCN for this PVC.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.2.1.37

Parameter: First PVC LCN
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Service
Default: 1
Options: 0 to 4095
Function: Identifies the lowest PVC logical channel number for the interface. Note that
each PVC requires its own service record.
Instructions: Enter the lowest PVC logical channel number.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.2.1.37

A-28

303547-A Rev 00

Site Manager Parameters

Parameter: Number of PVC LCN
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Service
Default: 1
Options: 1 to 512
Function: Specifies the total number of PVC logical channel numbers for the interface.
You must enter a value in this parameter if you want to use the Copy function to
replicate your X.25 Gateway configurations (see Configuring X.25 Gateway
Services).
Instructions: Enter the number of PVC LCNs on this interface.

Parameter: Connection ID
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Service
Default: 1
Options: 1 to 255
Function: Identifies each circuit to its remote destination. You can have multiple
Point-to-Point circuits configured to the same X.121 destination. Each of them
requires a unique Connection ID. Assign the same connection ID to both the
local and remote configurations for each circuit. You use the Type parameter
with PTOP service only.
Instructions: Assign a unique connection ID for each X.121 connection.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.2.1.11

303547-A Rev 00

A-29

Configuring X.25 Services

Parameter: Remote IP Address
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Service
Default: 0.0.0.0
Options: Any valid IP address
Function: Specifies a destination IP address that is reachable over this X.25 interface. This
parameter is not used with Point-to-Point service.
You must specify a remote IP address if you plan to enable IP on this interface.
For DDN services, the router translates the remote IP address you specify into
an X.121 address so that it can route IP traffic over the network. For PDN
services, the router uses the remote IP address you specify to define an adjacent
host for the IP interface.
Instructions: Enter a destination 32-bit destination IP address in dotted-decimal notation.
If you run OSI over DDN, you must also enter this IP in the subnetwork point of
attachment (SNPA) field of the OSI External Address Adjacency Configuration
window. To enter this value in the SNPA field, you must first convert the IP
address into X.121 format. For more information, see Configuring OSI Services.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.2.1.12

Parameter: Remote X.121/E.164 Address
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Service
Default: None
Options: Any valid X.121 or E.164 address
Function: Specifies a destination X.121 or E.164 address. You must specify a destination
X.121 or E.164 address if you are configuring PDN, QLLC, or Point-to-Point
services. If you are configuring DDN services, the router derives this address
from the remote IP address.
Instructions: Enter a destination X.121or E.164 address (up to 15 decimal digits) that is
reachable over this X.25 interface.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.2.1.12

A-30

303547-A Rev 00

Site Manager Parameters

Parameter: Enable 1356 Multiplexing
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Service
Default: Disable
Options: Enable | Disable
Function: If you set this parameter to Enable, the router can use RFC 1356 Null
Encapsulation to send multiple protocols over a single virtual circuit. If you set
the value to Disable, the router uses RFC 1356 Normal Encapsulation for IP and
OSI, and RFC 1356 SNAP Encapsulation for any of the other protocols,
opening a separate virtual circuit for each protocol.
You should use multiplexing only when you configure multiple routing
protocols on a PDN type of service.
Instructions: Select Enable if you want to multiplex traffic over a single virtual circuit.
Otherwise, select Disable.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.2.1.34

Parameter: Enable Compression
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Service
Default: Disable
Options: Enable | Disable
Function: Enables data compression.
Instructions: Set this parameter to Enable if you want the X.25 service to use compression for
this connection. Otherwise, accept the default, Disable.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.2.1.33

303547-A Rev 00

A-31

Configuring X.25 Services

Parameter: Broadcast
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Service
Default: OFF
Options: ON | OFF
Function: Indicates whether you want the X.25 service to send IP, IPX, or DECnet
broadcast messages to the remote IP address.
Instructions: Set this parameter to ON if you want the X.25 service to send broadcast
messages to the IP address. Otherwise, accept the default, OFF.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.2.1.14

Parameter: Max Connections
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Service
Default: 2
Options: 1 to 4
Function: Specifies the maximum number of virtual circuits that the router can establish
with the remote device specified in this record. Increasing the number of
connections to the same destination may improve the rate of data throughput
To take advantage of multiple virtual connections and load sharing across them,
set this parameter to a value greater than 1. This parameter has meaning only for
PDN services.
Instructions: Accept the default, 2, or enter a value within the specified range.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.2.1.15

A-32

303547-A Rev 00

Site Manager Parameters

Parameter: Precedence
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Service
Default: OFF
Options: ON | OFF
Function: Specifies the priority of IP packets that this X.25 interface transmits and that
traverse the X.25 network. This parameter has meaning only for DDN services.
Instructions: To enable IP packet prioritization, set Precedence to ON.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.2.1.16

Parameter: Max Idle (min)
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Service
Default: 2, except QLLC default is 0
Options: 0 to 999 minutes
Function: Specifies the maximum number of minutes that a virtual circuit can remain idle.
Once the Max Idle timer expires, X.25 clears the circuit. Point-to-Point
connections do not use this parameter. QLLC has a default of 0 for this
parameter, which disables the parameter. When this parameter is disabled, the
circuit can remain up but idle indefinitely.
Use this parameter to minimize CPU and network overhead during periods of
low datagram traffic.
PVCs do not use this parameter.
Instructions: Accept the default value, 2, or enter a timeout value within the specified range.
To disable this parameter, enter a value of 0.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.2.1.17

303547-A Rev 00

A-33

Configuring X.25 Services

Parameter: Call Retry
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Service
Default: 60
Options: 10 to 999
Function: Specifies the interval in seconds between call request packets the router sends to
a specific destination. If a call attempt fails, the router waits the number of
seconds this parameter specifies before sending another call request packet to
the destination. If the router receives any IP datagrams for this destination, it
drops them during this period.
Instructions: Accept the default 60, or enter a call retry interval within the specified range.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.2.1.18

Parameter: Flow Facility
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Service
Default: Default
Options: Negot | Default
Function: Enables or disables the X.25 flow-control facility on each virtual circuit. If you
enable this parameter, calls the router transmits to the remote X.121 address in
this service record will contain flow control. You must also enable the
flow-control facility at the packet layer.
Instructions: To enable flow-control facility negotiations, set this parameter to Negot.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.2.1.19

A-34

303547-A Rev 00

Site Manager Parameters

Parameter: Window Size
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Service
Default: 2
Options: 1 through 7 (for MOD8) or 1 through 127 (for MOD128)
Function: Specifies the window size that appears in the facilities field of outgoing call
request packets to the X.121 or E.164 address in this service record
Instructions: Accept the default, 2, or enter a window size within the specified range.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.2.1.20
Caution: Window size and packet size can affect packet throughput across the
X.25 network. Setting the Window Size or Packet Size parameter too low
could cause the router to drop packets

Parameter: Packet Size
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Service
Default: 128
Options: 16 | 32 | 64 | 128 | 256 | 512 | 1024 | 2048 | 4096
Function: Specifies the packet size that appears in the facilities field of outgoing call
request packets to the remote X.121 or E.164 address in this service record.
Instructions: Accept the default, 128, or enter a packet size within the specified range. Do not
set this parameter to a value greater than you specify for the packet-level
parameter Max Packet Length.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.2.1.21
Caution: Window size and packet size can affect packet throughput across the
X.25 network. Setting the Window Size or Packet Size parameter too low
could cause the router to drop packets

303547-A Rev 00

A-35

Configuring X.25 Services

Parameter: Fast Select Request
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Service
Default: OFF
Options: ON| OFF
Function: Enables the fast select request facility on each virtual circuit.
When you enable this parameter, call request packets this router generates and
sends to the remote X.121 address in this service record contain the fast select
request facility.
Instructions: To enable the fast select request facility, set this parameter to ON.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.2.1.22

Parameter: Fast Select Accept
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Service
Default: OFF
Options: ON | OFF
Function: Enables the fast select accept facility.
When you enable the fast select accept facility, the router can accept incoming
fast select call requests from the remote X.121 address in this service record.
Instructions: To enable the fast select accept facility, set this parameter to ON.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.2.1.23

A-36

303547-A Rev 00

Site Manager Parameters

Parameter: Reverse Charge Request
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Service
Default: OFF
Options: ON | OFF
Function: Enables or disables the reverse charge request facility.
Packet network charges accrue whenever the router generates an outgoing call
request packet. When you enable Reverse Charge Request, these packet network
charges accrue to the receiving DTE.
Instructions: To enable the Packet network charges accrue whenever the router generates an
outgoing call request packet. When you enable Reverse Charge Request, these
packet network charges accrue to the receiving DTE.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.2.1.24

Parameter: Reverse Charge Accept
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Service
Default: OFF
Options: ON | OFF
Function: Enables or disables the reverse charge accept facility.
When you enable this parameter, the router accepts network packet charges
from incoming call request packets.
Instructions: To enable this parameter, the router accepts network packet charges from
incoming call request packets.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.2.1.25

303547-A Rev 00

A-37

Configuring X.25 Services

Parameter: DDN BFE
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface > Edit
> X25 Protocol > Service >Default DDN
Default: Disable
Options: Disable | Enable
Function: Enables or disables DDN Blacker front-end encryption (BFE) support.
Instructions: To enable DDN BFE support, set this parameter to Enable.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.2.1.31

A-38

303547-A Rev 00

Site Manager Parameters

Parameter: User Facility (hex)
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Service
Default: None
Options: Any facility that needs to be included in the call request packet
Function: Allows transmission to the facilities listed in Table A-2. To generate a call with
such a facility, you must also set the associated parameter at the packet level to
ON. The facility names in Table A-2 are also the names of the packet-level
parameters.
Instructions: Enter a hexadecimal facility code (Table A-2) to specify a facility.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.2.1.29
Table A-2.

User Facilities and Codes

Facility/Packet-Level Parameter

Code

Throughput Class Negotiation

Network User Identification

RPOA Selection

Transit Delay

Note: To set the parameter back to null after you have configured it:

1. Select User Facility from the appropriate network service record.
2. Overwrite the erroneous value by typing all spaces where you
previously entered a hexadecimal value.
3. Click on Apply to implement your changes.
4. Click on Done to exit the X.25 Service Configuration window.

303547-A Rev 00

A-39

Configuring X.25 Services

Parameter: CUG Facility Format
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Service
Default: None
Options: None | Basic | Extended
Function: Specifies the closed user group (CUG) facility format that the interface can
accept. The value of this parameter should match that of the X.25 packet-level
parameter CUG Selection.
Instructions: If you are not configuring a CUG for this interface, select None. To configure
the Basic format, select Basic. To configure the extended format, select
Extended.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.2.1.26

Parameter: CUG Facility Type
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Service
Default: Normal
Options: Normal | OA | Bilateral
Function: Defines the type of CUG facility that the interface will accept. This parameter
works with the X.25 packet-level parameters CUG Outgoing Access and CUG
Bilateral Selection.
Instructions: Select Normal to enable routing between CUGs.
Select OA to allow communication between CUGs with outgoing access. If you
select OA, make sure that you set the packet-level parameter CUG Outgoing
Access to CUGOA.
Select Bilateral to allow communication between bilateral CUGs. If you select
this option, make sure that you set the packet-level parameter CUG Bilateral
Selection to Bilateral.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.2.1.27

A-40

303547-A Rev 00

Site Manager Parameters

Parameter: CUG Number
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Service
Default: 0
Options: 0 to 9999
Function: Identifies each CUG with a number so that information is routed to the correct
CUG.
Instructions: Enter a number for the closed user group.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.2.1.28

Parameter: MAC Pool Start
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Service
Default: None
Options: A MAC address that is unique on the DLSw network.
Function: Identifies the first address in the MAC address pool. The QLLC software
dynamically assigns addresses from this pool to each QLLC/X.25 endstation
that originates a QLLC session if the Adjacent MAC address field of the QLLC
address mapping is null.
You must enter a value in this field if you use a QLLC wildcard, and if the
connection type is QLLC endstation to LLC host.
Instructions: Enter the MAC address that you want the software to use as the first MAC
address in the pool. It must be unique on the DLSw network, and must use the
standard, 6-byte MAC address format.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.2.1.38

303547-A Rev 00

A-41

Configuring X.25 Services

Parameter: MAC Pool Size
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Service
Default: 0
Options: 0 to 2147483647
Function: Sets the size of the MAC address pool for a QLLC network that uses wildcards.
You must enter a value in this field if you use a QLLC wildcard.
Instructions: Choose a value appropriate to the size of your QLLC network.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.2.1.39

LAPB Parameters
Parameter: Enable
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Lapb params
Default: Enable
Options: Enable | Disable
Function: Globally enables or disables LAPB services. The router enables LAPB line
services when you configure the X.25 protocol. You can disable and reenable
LAPB services on the interface without moving any physical cabling.
Instructions: Select Disable to disable LAPB services.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.1.8.1.2

A-42

303547-A Rev 00

Site Manager Parameters

Parameter: Station Type
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Lapb params
Default: DTE
Options: DTE | DCE | DXE
Function: Identifies the station type, that is, whether the device is a DTE or DCE for this
interface.
Instructions: If your device is data terminal equipment, select DTE. If your device is data
communications equipment, select DCE. If you do not want to assign a specific
station type, and instead want the network to determine the station type, choose
DXE. This value indicates that the router is in unassigned mode; it is neither a
DTE nor a DCE. If you select DXE, the router will send an exchange
identification (XID), but negotiation will not take place until the network
assigns a station type.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.1.8.1.7

Parameter: Control Field
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Lapb params
Default: Modulo 8
Options: Modulo 8 | Modulo 128
Function: Specifies the window size, or modulo, of the sequence numbering that the router
uses to number frames.
Instructions: Select the appropriate window size for your configuration.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.1.8.1.8

303547-A Rev 00

A-43

Configuring X.25 Services

Parameter: Max N1 Frame Size (octets)
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Lapb params
Default: 256
Options: 3 to 4500 bytes
Function: Specifies the frame size, in bytes, for a frame that the router or network
transmits. This number excludes flags and 0 bits inserted for transparency.
Instructions: Select the frame size that suits your network configuration.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.1.8.1.9

Parameter: Window Size
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Lapb params
Default: 7
Options: 1 to 127
Function: Specifies the default transmit and receive window size for the interface. This
value is the maximum number of unacknowledged sequence frames that may be
outstanding from the router or the network at any one time.
Instructions: Enter the appropriate window size for your configuration.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.1.8.1.10

Parameter: Max N2 Retries
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Lapb params
Default: 10
Options: 1 to 64
Function: Determines the value of the N2 retry count, which is the number of
retransmission attempts that the router makes, per frame, before it considers the
line to be down. The retry count is the maximum number of attempts following
the expiration of the T1 timer.
Instructions: Specify the number of times you want the router to try to retransmit.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.1.8.1.11
A-44

303547-A Rev 00

Site Manager Parameters

Parameter: Max T1 Acknowledge Timer (seconds)
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Lapb params
Default: 30
Options: 1 to 9999 seconds
Function: Specifies the maximum time, in seconds, that the router waits for an
acknowledgment of a frame that it has sent to the network.
Instructions: Enter the maximum time, in seconds, that you would like the router to wait for a
frame acknowledgment from the network.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.1.8.1.12

Parameter: Max T2 Acknowledge Timer (seconds)
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Lapb params
Default: 1
Options: 1 to 9999 seconds
Function: Specifies the time, in seconds, that the router waits before sending an
acknowledgment for a sequenced frame. A value of 1 means that the router does
not delay before generating an acknowledgment.
Instructions: Enter the amount of time that you want the router to wait before acknowledging
a frame.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.1.8.1.13

303547-A Rev 00

A-45

Configuring X.25 Services

Parameter: Max T3 Disconnect Timer (seconds)
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Lapb params
Default: 60
Options: 1 to 9999 seconds
Function: Specifies the time, in seconds, that the router waits before determining that the
link is disconnected. A value of 1 indicates that once the router completes the
frame exchange to bring down the link, it considers the link disconnected.
Instructions: Enter the amount of time that you want the router to wait before the router
considers the link disconnected.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.1.8.1.12

Parameter: Initiate Link Setup Action
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Lapb params
Default: Active
Options: Active | Passive
Function: Identifies whether or not the router initiates link setup or waits for the network
to initiate.
Instructions: Enter Active if you want the router to initiate link setup; or enter Passive if you
want the network to initiate link setup.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.1.8.1.16

A-46

303547-A Rev 00

Site Manager Parameters

Parameter: Enable Rx/Tx of XID Frames
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Lapb params
Default: Disable
Options: Enable | Disable
Function: Enables or disables the transmission and reception of test XID frames by the
router.
Instructions: Select Enable to allow the router to send XID frames. Select Disable to prevent
the router from sending XID frames.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.1.8.1.17

Parameter: Idle RR Frames
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Lapb params
Default: Off
Options: On | Off
Function: Enables or disables the transmission and reception of RR frames during periods
when there are no information frame exchanges. When this parameter is set to
On, an RR is transmitted when no traffic is present on the physical media.
Instructions: Select On or Off.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.1.8.1.40

Parameter: Command/Response Address
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Lapb params
Default: DTE
Options: DTE | DCE
Function: Specifies the local command or response address, which is the DTE or DCE
value expressed as a single octet.
Instructions: Enter DTE for the DTE address; or enter DCE for the DCE address.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.1.8.1.18

303547-A Rev 00

A-47

Configuring X.25 Services

Parameter: WAN Protocol
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Lapb params
Default: Standard
Options: Standard | X.25
Function: Specifies the WAN protocol you want on this interface.
Instructions: Do not change this value. Use the Circuit List window to change the protocol.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.1.8.1.20

Parameter: Network Link Type
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Choose an Interface >
Edit > X25 Protocol > Lapb params
Default: NET2
Options: GOSIP | NET2
Function: Sets the link type used with the X.25 network hardware.
Instructions: Select NET2 or GOSIP.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.1.8.1.39

A-48

303547-A Rev 00

Site Manager Parameters

IPEX Global Parameters
This section describes the IPEX global parameters you can modify
from the Edit IPEX Global Parameters window.

Parameter: Enable
Path:
Default:
Options:
Function:
Instructions:

Configuration Manager > Protocols > IPEX > Global
Enable
Enable | Disable
Globally enables or disables IPEX.
Select Enable (the default) to activate IPEX on all interfaces.

Select Disable to deactivate IPEX on all interfaces. Selecting this option when
the Configuration Manager is in dynamic mode terminates all active IPEX
sessions.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.15.1.2
Note: When you create X.25 interfaces that use IPEX service, the service is
globally enabled automatically.

Parameter: Max Message Size
Path:
Default:
Options:
Function:

Configuration Manager > Protocols > IPEX > Global
1600
16 through 4096 bytes
The maximum client message size that IPEX transports. The value for this
parameter cannot be larger than that for the Client Queue Size parameter, and
the software prevents you from assigning a value that is too large.
Instructions: Accept the default, or assign a value equal or less than that for the client queue
size.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.15.1.4

303547-A Rev 00

A-49

Configuring X.25 Services

Parameter: Insert Called DTE Address
Path:
Default:
Options:
Function:

Configuration Manager > Protocols > IPEX > Global
Disable
Enable | Disable
Many DTE devices cannot provide the called DTE X.121 address that IPEX
requires. When you enable this parameter, and an IPEX device receives an
incoming call request packet that does not include a called DTE X.121 address,
the IPEX software searches all the mapping records associated with its circuit
interface until it locates a mapping record that is a source type SVC record and
has an X.121 called address. IPEX then copies the X.121 called address from
the mapping record to the call request packet that lacks an X.121 address, and
sends the packet to the remote IPEX router to establish the IPEX session.
Instructions: Choose Enable to enable address insertion.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.15.1.5

Parameter: Insert Calling DTE Address
Path:
Default:
Options:
Function:

Configuration Manager > Protocols > IPEX > Global
Disable
Enable | Disable
Many DTE devices cannot provide the calling DTE X.121 address that IPEX
requires. When you enable this parameter, and an IPEX device receives an
outgoing call request packet that does not include a calling DTE X.121 address,
the IPEX software searches all the mapping records associated with its circuit
interface until it locates a mapping record that is a source type SVC record and
has an X.121 calling address. IPEX then copies the X.121 calling address from
the mapping record to the call request packet that lacks an X.121 address, and
sends the packet to the remote IPEX router to establish the IPEX session.
Instructions: Choose Enable to enable address insertion.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.15.16

A-50

303547-A Rev 00

Site Manager Parameters

IPEX Mapping Parameters
Parameter: Source Connection Type
Path:
Default:
Options:
Function:

Configuration Manager > Protocols > IPEX > IPEX Mapping Table
None
PVC | SVC | TCP
Specifies the type of connection at the sending end of the original message.
PVC and SVC specify an X.25 Level 3 connection, either a permanent virtual
circuit or a switched virtual circuit. TCP is a Transmission Control Protocol
connection.

Source connection types PVC and SVC send to destination connection type
TCP. Source connection type TCP sends to destination connection type PVC or
SVC.
Instructions: Select PVC to specify an X.25 connection to a permanent virtual circuit. Select
SVC to specify an X.25 connection to a switched virtual circuit. Select TCP to
specify a Transmission Control Protocol connection.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.18.3.5.15.2.1.4
Note: Either the source or the destination connection type (but not both)
must be TCP.

303547-A Rev 00

A-51

Configuring X.25 Services

Parameter: Mapping Type
Path:
Default:
Options:
Function:

Configuration Manager > Protocols > IPEX > IPEX Mapping Table
End_to_End
Local | End_to_End | Gateway
Specifies whether facilities, call user data, M-bit, and Q-bit support terminate
locally or are passed end-to-end. X.25 parameters that you configure at the
packet and service-record level determine which facilities are supported. The
last option is to configure X.25 Gateway services.
If you set this parameter to Local, IPEX ports can support different packet sizes
at each end. You must also configure the Source X.121 Address parameter for
an SVC source connection type, and both Source and Destination X.121
Address parameters for a TCP source connection type.
If you configure End-to-End mapping, assign to all IPEX ports the same packet
and window size, because different packet sizes impede M-bit support.

For information about X.25 Gateway services, see Configuring X.25 Gateway
Services.
Instructions: Select Local or End_to_End.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.15.2.1.16

IPEX Parameters for PVC and SVC Connections
You configure the following parameters when the source connection type is PVC
or SVC.

Parameter: Source PVC LCN
Path:
Default:
Options:
Function:

Configuration Manager > Protocols > IPEX > IPEX Mapping Table
None
1 to 4095
Specifies the inbound PVC LCN that you map to the TCP connection. The port
monitors the X.25 calls for this LCN to initiate the connection.
Instructions: This window appears only if you chose PVC as your source connection type.
Enter the LCN of the PVC for this IPEX connection.

A-52

303547-A Rev 00

Site Manager Parameters

Parameter: X.121 Called Address
Path:
Default:
Options:
Function:

Configuration Manager > Protocols > IPEX > IPEX Mapping Table
None
Any valid X.121 address
Specifies the inbound X.121 called address that you map to the TCP connection.
The port monitors the X.25 calls for this X.121 called address to initiate the
connection.
Instructions: inbound X.121 called address that you map to the TCP connection. The port
monitors the X.25 calls for this X.121 called address to initiate the connection.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.18.3.5.15.2.1.6

Parameter: Remote IP Address
Path:
Default:
Options:
Function:

Configuration Manager > Protocols > IPEX > IPEX Mapping Table
None
Any valid IP address
Specifies the remote IP address used to establish a TCP connection to the
destination. You configure this parameter only when the source connection type
is SVC.
Instructions: Enter the IP address of the remote connection using dotted-decimal notation (for
example, 1.1.1.1). Consult your network administrator for the correct value.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.15.2.1.12

303547-A Rev 00

A-53

Configuring X.25 Services

Parameter: Remote Backup IP Address
Path:
Default:
Options:
Function:

Configuration Manager > Protocols > IPEX > IPEX Mapping Table
0.0.0.0
Any valid IP address
Allows you to configure a backup IP address for IPEX TCP connections. If you
enter an IP address in this field, when IPEX attempts to open a TCP connection
and detects that the remote IP interface is down, it will use this backup remote
IP address and try again to establish the connection. If both the primary and
secondary remote IP interfaces are down, IPEX rejects the call. If the value of
the parameter is the default, 0.0.0.0, IPEX detects that there is no backup and
does not try to establish the connection a second time.

For IPEX to detect that the remote IP interface is down and retry the TCP
connection, set the X.25 Keep Alive timer to a value shorter than the X.25 Idle
Session timer; otherwise the VC will be cleared before IPEX has time to retry
the call.
Instructions: Enter the appropriate IP address, and set the Insert Calling DTE Address
parameter to Enable.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.15.2.1.23

Parameter: Remote TCP Port Number
Path: Configuration Manager > Protocols > IPEX > IPEX Mapping Table
Default: None
Options: The TCP port number at the remote connection, a value between 12304 and
16399.
Function: Specifies the remote TCP port number used to establish a TCP connection to the
destination. The remote TCP port originates connections to the local TCP port.
You configure this parameter only when the source connection type is SVC.
Instructions: Enter the TCP port number for the remote connection.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.15.2.1.13

A-54

303547-A Rev 00

Site Manager Parameters

IPEX Parameters for TCP Connections
You configure the following parameters when the source connection type is TCP.
Parameter: Local TCP Port
Path:
Default:
Options:
Function:

Configuration Manager > Protocols > IPEX > IPEX Mapping Table
None
The local TCP port number, a value between 12304 and 16399.
Specifies the TCP port in the local IPEX connection. This port accepts inbound
TCP connections from the remote TCP port. You configure this parameter when
the Source Connection Type is TCP.
Instructions: Enter the TCP port number.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.18.3.5.15.2.1.5

Parameter: Destination Connection Type
Path:
Default:
Options:
Function:

Configuration Manager > Protocols > IPEX > IPEX Mapping Table
None
SVC | PVC
Specifies either SVC or PVC as the destination connection for this TCP source
connection.
Instructions: Choose the value that applies to your network.
Note: Either the source or the destination connection type (but not both)
must be TCP.

Parameter: Destination PVC LCN
Path:
Default:
Options:
Function:

Configuration Manager > Protocols > IPEX > IPEX Mapping Table
None
1 to 4095
Specifies the PVC LCN that you map to the TCP connection. The port monitors
the X.25 calls for this LCN to initiate the connection.
Instructions: This window appears only if you chose PVC as your source connection type.
Enter the LCN of the PVC for this IPEX connection.
303547-A Rev 00

A-55

Configuring X.25 Services

Additional IPEX Mapping Parameters
These parameters have default values that you can edit, or are used in only very
specific situations.
Parameter: Enable
Path:
Default:
Options:
Function:
Instructions:

Configuration Manager > Protocols > IPEX > IPEX Mapping Table
Enable
Enable | Disable
Enables or disables a particular IPEX mapping entry on this interface.
Select Enable (the default) to activate this IPEX mapping entry.

Select Disable only if you want to deactivate this mapping entry. When you
select Disable, you eliminate all active IPEX sessions established with this
mapping entry.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.15.2.1.2

Parameter: Source X.121 Address
Path:
Default:
Options:
Function:

Configuration Manager > Protocols > IPEX > IPEX Mapping Table
None
Any valid X.121 address
Specifies the calling X.121 address that will be inserted in the outbound X.25
call packet. You configure this parameter only when the source connection is
type TCP, the destination connection is type SVC, and only when you set the
Mapping Type parameter to Local.
Instructions: Enter the calling X.121 address (up to 15 decimal digits). The source address is
based on where the call originated. Consult your network administrator for the
correct value.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.15.2.1.9

A-56

303547-A Rev 00

Site Manager Parameters

Parameter: Destination X.121 Address
Path:
Default:
Options:
Function:

Configuration Manager > Protocols > IPEX > IPEX Mapping Table
None
Any valid X.121 address
Specifies the called X.121 address that will be inserted in the outbound X.25
call packet. You configure this parameter only when the source connection is
type TCP, the destination connection is type SVC, and only when you set the
Mapping Type parameter to Local.
Instructions: Enter the called X.121 address (up to 15 decimal digits). The destination
address depends on the network device to which this circuit is connected.
Consult your network administrator for the correct value.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.15.2.1.10

Parameter: Client Queue Size
Path:
Default:
Options:
Function:

Configuration Manager > Protocols > IPEX > IPEX Mapping Table
The larger of TCP Max Window Size or IPEX Max Message Size, usually 4096
16 to 8192 bytes
Specifies the size (in bytes) of the IPEX queues used for buffering data between
TCP and X.25. The value of this parameter must be at least as large as that of the
Maximum Message Size parameter, and the software prevents you from
assigning a lower value.
Instructions: Accept the default, or select a client queue size at least as large as the maximum
message size.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.15.2.1.14

303547-A Rev 00

A-57

Configuring X.25 Services

Parameter: X.25 Call User Data
Path:
Default:
Options:
Function:

Configuration Manager > Protocols > IPEX > IPEX Mapping Table
None
Any valid call user data up to 128 bytes
Specifies the X.25 call user data field content inserted in the X.25 Call Request
packet. You configure this parameter only when the source connection type is
TCP, the destination connection is type SVC, and the mapping type is Local.
Instructions: Enter the appropriate data in ASCII format.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.15.2.1.10

Parameter: Idle Session Timer
Path:
Default:
Options:
Function:

Configuration Manager > Protocols > IPEX > IPEX Mapping Table
120
0 to 86,400 seconds
Specifies the timeout period, in seconds, that an established TCP connection can
be inactive before the router sends messages to the peer to verify that the peer is
alive.

If you set this parameter to zero, you disable the keepalive feature.
Instructions: Accept the default, or adjust the timer if your network requires a shorter or
longer idle time.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.15.2.1.18

A-58

303547-A Rev 00

Site Manager Parameters

Parameter: Keep Alive Retransmit Timer
Path:
Default:
Options:
Function:

Configuration Manager > Protocols > IPEX > IPEX Mapping Table
3
0 to 600 seconds
Specifies the interval, in seconds, at which the router will retransmit
unacknowledged keepalive messages. If you set the Idle Session Timer
to 0, this timer’s value has no impact. If you set the Idle Session Timer to a value
other than 0, and this timer is 0, the router does not send keepalive messages,
and the TCP session terminates when the idle session timer expires.

The time you set should be larger than the round-trip network delay, or
retransmits will occur unnecessarily.
Instructions: Accept the default, or adjust to be longer than the round-trip network delay.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.15.2.1.19

Parameter: Keep Alive Retransmit Count
Path:
Default:
Options:
Function:

Configuration Manager > Protocols > IPEX > IPEX Mapping Table
5
0 to 99
Specifies the number of unacknowledged keepalive messages that the router
retransmits before the TCP session terminates. If you set this parameter to 0, the
router will send only one keepalive message
Instructions: Accept the default or adjust to meet requirements for the total time the router
needs to detect that the peer connection has terminated. The total time is the
sum of the Idle Session Timer and the Keep Alive Retransmit Timer times the
Keep Alive Retransmit Count.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.15.2.1.20

303547-A Rev 00

A-59

Configuring X.25 Services

Parameter: Translate Calling X.121 Address
Path:
Default:
Options:
Function:

Configuration Manager > Protocols > IPEX > IPEX Mapping Table
None
Any valid X.121 address
Allows the router to overwrite the value that the network supplies, and use this
address as the calling address. To use this feature, you must also set the Insert
Calling DTE Address parameter to Enable.
Instructions: Enter the appropriate X.121 address, and set the Insert Calling DTE Address
parameter to Enable.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.15.2.1.24

A-60

303547-A Rev 00

Site Manager Parameters

X.25 PAD Global Parameters
Parameter: Enable
Path: Configuration Manager > X.25 PAD port > Edit Circuit > X25/ISDB > X25PAD
Global
Default: Enable
Options: Enable | Disable
Function: Enables or disables X.25 PAD service on this interface.
Instructions: To use X.25 PAD services, accept the default, Enable.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.12.1.1.2

Parameter: X.121 Address
Path: Configuration Manager > X.25 PAD port > Edit Circuit > X25/ISDB > X25PAD
Global
Default: The X.121 Address that you provided for the X.25 packet-level PDN X.121
Address parameter
Options: Any valid X.121 address; for X.25 PAD, the length of the X.121 address plus
the subaddress must be less than or equal to 14 digits.
Function: Specifies the X.121 address assigned to this interface. The X.25 network service
provider supplies the X.121 address.
Instructions: Confirm that Site Manager displays the appropriate X.121 address.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.12.1.1.7
Note: Whenever the X.121 Address changes, you must execute an isdb start
command for the change to take effect. For information on ISDB
subcommands, see Appendix E, “X.25 PAD Technical Supplement.”

303547-A Rev 00

A-61

Configuring X.25 Services

Parameter: Prepend DNIC
Path: Configuration Manager > X.25 PAD port > Edit Circuit > X25/ISDB > X25PAD
Global
Default: No
Options: Yes | No
Function: A Data Network Identification Code (DNIC) is an address the router uses to
reach a host residing on a different packet-switched network. It is the data
equivalent of a telephone number with country code and area code, typically a
4-digit number; the first 3 digits specify a country, and the fourth specifies a
PDN within that country.
Enabling this parameter allows you to omit the first 4 letters of the called
address when you are initiating a call at the X.25 PAD prompt. The software
will automatically prepend the first 4 digits of the configured X.121 address to
the called address you enter at the PAD prompt.
Instructions: To enable this parameter, set it to Yes. Otherwise, accept the default, No.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.12.1.1.8

Parameter: Subaddress Length
Path: Configuration Manager > X.25 PAD port > Edit Circuit > X25/ISDB > X25PAD
Global
Default: 2
Options: 0 to 8 bytes
Function: The length of the subaddress, which is the address for a particular application or
program on the network.
Instructions: Enter a value that indicates the length in bytes of subaddresses on your network.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.12.1.1.9

A-62

303547-A Rev 00

Site Manager Parameters

X.25 PAD Port Parameters
Parameter: Enable
Path: Configuration Manager > X.25 PAD port > Edit Circuit > X25/ISDB >
X25PAD Port
Default: Enable
Options: Enable | Disable
Function: Enables or Disables X.25 PAD services on this port.
Instructions: Accept the default, enable, to use X.25 PAD services on this port.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.12.4.1.2

Parameter: X.121 Subaddress
Path: Configuration Manager > X.25 PAD port > Edit Circuit > X25/ISDB >
X25PAD Port
Default: None
Options: Any valid X.121 subaddress, 1 to 8 bytes long
Function: The subaddress portion of an X.121 address is used by an application, and is
transparent to the network. The subaddress length must be less than or equal to
the value you set for the Global X.25 PAD Subaddress Length parameter.
Instructions: Enter the X.121 subaddress.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.12.4.1.7
Note: Whenever the X.121 Subaddress changes, you must execute an isdb
start command for the change to take effect. For information on ISDB
subcommands, see Appendix E, “X.25 PAD Technical Supplement.”

303547-A Rev 00

A-63

Configuring X.25 Services

Parameter: Escape Character
Path: Configuration Manager > X.25 PAD port > Edit Circuit > X25/ISDB >
X25PAD Port
Default: 1
Options: 0, 1, 32 to 126
A value of 0 disables the feature. There is no Escape character.
A value of 1 designates DLE to be the Escape character.
Values of 32 to 126 are user-defined characters. These are binary representation
of decimal values in accordance with Recommendation 7.50.
Function: When the PAD receives this character, it changes from receiving and
transmitting data to command state. In command state the PAD awaits
commands from the character terminal.
Instructions: Enter 0 if you do not want to use command mode. Enter 1 to make the DLE key
the Escape character. Consult Recommendation 7.50 to define another key as
the Escape character.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.12.4.1.9

Parameter: Echo
Path: Configuration Manager > X.25 PAD port > Edit Circuit > X25/ISDB >
X25PAD Port
Default: Echo
Options: No Echo | Echo | Only Echo in Command Mode
Function: Determines whether the DTE has its output sent back to it from the PAD, where
it would appear on either the terminal screen or as output to a printer. An echo
can be generated from the PAD or from the host.
Instructions: Accept the default, Echo, to have the DTE display output it sends to the PAD.
This achieves a fast response (the echo does not travel across the network).
Choose No Echo when the host application echoes. Otherwise double characters
will appear on your screen or printer (e.g., LLiikkee tthheessee).
Choose Only Echo in Command Mode to have the PAD generate an Echo only
for commands.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.12.4.1.10

A-64

303547-A Rev 00

Site Manager Parameters

Parameter: Data Forwarding Character
Path: Configuration Manager > X.25 PAD port > Edit Circuit > X25/ISDB >
X25PAD Port
Default: 2
Options: The keyboard characters next to the numerals that follow. The last two options
combine values from those that precede them.
0 NO DATA FORWARDING CHAR
1 ALPHANUMERIC CHAR
2 CR
4 ESC BELL ENQ ACK
8 DEL CAN DC2
16 ETX EOT
18 CR EOT ETX
32 HT LF VT FF
64 COL 0 & 1 EXCEPT 2 4 8 16 32
126 2 + 4 + 8 + 16 + 32 + 64
Function: Specifies a keyboard character that instructs the PAD to transmit data. The PAD
buffers data it receives from the character terminal until it receives a data
forwarding character, or until the buffer is full, or until either the idle timer or
interval timer expires. Then it assembles the data in X.25 format and transmits
it.
Instructions: Enter one of the options listed.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.12.4.1.11

303547-A Rev 00

A-65

Configuring X.25 Services

Parameter: Idle Timer
Path: Configuration Manager > X.25 PAD port > Edit Circuit > X25/ISDB >
X25PAD Port
Default: 0
Options: 0 to 255, in units of 0.05 seconds (a value of 10 is half a second).
Function: The amount of time that the X.25 PAD can be idle before it sends any data that
is in its character buffer. A value of 0 disables this parameter, and the PAD sends
data based on the value in the Data Forwarding Character parameter.
Instructions: If you want to use the idle timer, set a value within the range given.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.12.4.1.12

Parameter: Ancillary Device Control
Path: Configuration Manager > X.25 PAD port > Edit Circuit > X25/ISDB >
X25PAD Port
Default: XON/XOFF in Command Mode and Data Transfer
Options: No XON/XOFF | XON/XOFF in Data Transfer | XON/XOFF in Command
Mode and Data Transfer
Function: If the PAD has an intelligent terminal attached (such as a PC transmitting data
directly from its hard disk), the PAD may receive data faster than it can process
and forward it. This parameter enables the use of flow control that sends a
character to the intelligent terminal indicating that it should stop sending data
(XON), or that it can resume sending data when the congestion has cleared
(XOFF). You can use flow control in both command mode and data transfer, or
just in data transfer.
Instructions: Accept the default or choose another option.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.1.13

A-66

303547-A Rev 00

Site Manager Parameters

Parameter: Service Signals
Path: Configuration Manager > X.25 PAD port > Edit Circuit > X25/ISDB >
X25PAD Port
Default: 5 - Service Signals and Prompt Sent Standard Form
Options: 0, 1, 4, 5
0 instructs the PAD to send no service signals.
1 sends service signals other than the prompt in standard form.
4 sends prompt only in standard form.
5 sends service signals and prompt in standard form.
Function: Service signals are messages the PAD sends to the DTE in response to external
events such as the X.25 call being either cleared or reset. This parameter
determines the format of PAD service signals.
Instructions: Accept the default or choose one of the other options.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.12.4.1.14

303547-A Rev 00

A-67

Configuring X.25 Services

Parameter: Break
Path: Configuration Manager > X.25 PAD port > Edit Circuit > X25/ISDB >
X25PAD Port
Default: 4
Options: 0, 1, 2, 4, 5, 8, 16, 21
0 indicates no action on receipt of a break message.
1 instructs the PAD to send an interrupt message to the host.
2 instructs the PAD to send a reset message to the host
4 instructs the PAD to send an indication of the break message to the DTE.
5 enables both options 1 and 4.
8 instructs the PAD to escape from data transfer state. The PAD awaits a
command.
16 instructs the PAD to discard output to the DTE.
21 enables options 1, 4, and 16.
Function: Defines how the host to which the PAD connects indicates a problem. An
example of a problem is receipt of a long, continuing data stream that may
indicate that the terminal is stuck in a loop, or constant transmit mode.
Instructions: Accept the default or choose one of the other options.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.12.4.1.15

Parameter: Discard Output
Path: Configuration Manager > X.25 PAD port > Edit Circuit > X25/ISDB >
X25PAD Port
Default: 0
Options: 0, 1
0 delivers data in the normal manner.
1 discards data.
Function: Determines whether data will be delivered to the DTE in the normal manner or
be discarded.
Instructions: Accept the default to deliver data, or choose discard.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.12.4.1.16

A-68

303547-A Rev 00

Site Manager Parameters

Parameter: Carriage Return Pad
Path: Configuration Manager > X.25 PAD port > Edit Circuit > X25/ISDB >
X25PAD Port
Default: 0
Options: 0 to 255
Function: Specifies the number of padding characters to be inserted in a data stream to the
DTE after a carriage return. A value of 0 in this parameter turns this feature off.
Instructions: Accept the default or enter another value within the range specified.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.12.1.1.8

Parameter: Line Folding
Path: Configuration Manager > X.25 PAD port > Edit Circuit > X25/ISDB >
X25PAD Port
Default: 80
Options: 0 to 255
Function: Specifies the number of characters per line that the PAD transmits without
inserting form effectors (carriage return, form feed, or line feed).
Instructions: Accept the default, or choose another value within the range specified.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.12.4.1.18

Parameter: Flow Control
Path: Configuration Manager > X.25 PAD port > Edit Circuit > X25/ISDB >
X25PAD Port
Default: XON/OFF
Options: NO XON/XOFF disables flow control.
XON/XOFF enables flow control.
Function: Allows the DTE rather than the PAD to control the rate at which it sends data by
using XON and XOFF characters.
Instructions: Accept the default to enable flow control. Choose No XON/XOFF to disable
this feature.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.12.4.1.20

303547-A Rev 00

A-69

Configuring X.25 Services

Parameter: Linefeed Insert
Path: Configuration Manager > X.25 PAD port > Edit Circuit > X25/ISDB >
X25PAD Port
Default: 4
Options: 0 to 7, except for 3
0 disables the feature.
1 inserts a linefeed after a carriage return in the data stream to the DTE.
2 inserts a linefeed after a carriage return in the data stream from the DTE.
4 inserts a linefeed after a carriage return in the echo stream to the DTE.
5 enables options 1 and 4.
6 enables options 2 and 4.
7 enables options 1, 2, and 4.
Function: Allows you to control the insertion of a linefeed.
Instructions: Accept the default or enter one of the other options.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.12.4.1.21

Parameter: Linefeed PAD
Path: Configuration Manager > X.25 PAD port > Edit Circuit > X25/ISDB >
X25PAD Port
Default: 0
Options: 0 to 255
Function: Specifies the number of padding characters to be inserted in a data stream to the
DTE after a linefeed. A value of 0 in this parameter turns this feature off.
Instructions: Accept the default, or choose another value within the range specified.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.12.4.1.22

A-70

303547-A Rev 00

Site Manager Parameters

Parameter: Edit
Path: Configuration Manager > X.25 PAD port > Edit Circuit > X25/ISDB >
X25PAD Port
Default: Edit in Data Transfer
Options: No Edit in Data Transfer | Edit in Data Transfer
Function: Allows the character terminal to edit characters that are in a buffer of the PAD
awaiting transmission.
Instructions: Accept the default, Edit, or choose No Edit.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.12.4.1.23

Parameter: Character Delete
Path: Configuration Manager > X.25 PAD port > Edit Circuit > X25/ISDB >
X25PAD Port
Default: 127
Options: 0 to 127
Function: When the PAD detects the ASCII value you specify in this parameter, it deletes
the immediately preceding character. The default value, 127, is the [DEL]
character.
The Edit parameter must be set to Edit in Data Transfer for this parameter to
have meaning.
Instructions: Accept the default or enter the ASCII value for the keyboard character that you
want to instruct the PAD to delete a character.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.12.4.1.24

303547-A Rev 00

A-71

Configuring X.25 Services

Parameter: Line Delete
Path: Configuration Manager > X.25 PAD port > Edit Circuit > X25/ISDB >
X25PAD Port
Default: 24
Options: 0 to 127
Function: When the PAD detects the ASCII value you specify in this parameter, it deletes
the immediately preceding line, which is the entire contents of the buffer if you
use a carriage return for the line forwarding character. The default value of 24 is
the [Cancel] character, which you generate by typing [Control + X] at the DTE
keyboard.
The Edit parameter must be set to Edit in Data Transfer for this parameter to
have meaning.
Instructions: Accept the default or enter the ASCII value for the keyboard character that you
want to instruct the PAD to delete a line.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.12.4.1.25

Parameter: Line Display
Path: Configuration Manager > X.25 PAD port > Edit Circuit > X25/ISDB >
X25PAD Port
Default: 18
Options: 0 to 127
Function: Allows the complete contents of the PAD buffer to be displayed on a new line
on the character terminal. You generate the default value, 18, by typing [Control
+ R] at the DTE keyboard.
The Edit parameter must be set to Edit in Data Transfer for this parameter to
have meaning.
Instructions: Accept the default or enter the ASCII value for the keyboard character that you
want to instruct the PAD to display the contents of the PAD buffer.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.12.4.1.26

A-72

303547-A Rev 00

Site Manager Parameters

Parameter: Edit PAD Service Signals
Path: Configuration Manager > X.25 PAD port > Edit Circuit > X25/ISDB >
X25PAD Port
Default: 2
Options: 0, 1, 2, 8, 32 to 126 ASCII
0 disables the feature.
1 edits PAD service signals for printing terminals.
2 edits PAD service signals for display terminals.
8 and 32 to 1126 edit PAD service signals using the character that you specify in
this range.
Function: Specifies whether the buffer you edit using the Character Delete and Buffer
Delete functions will be visible on a screen or a printer.
The Service Signals parameter must be set to one of the transmit options for this
parameter to have meaning.
Instructions: Accept the default or enter another value.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.12.4.1.27

303547-A Rev 00

A-73

Configuring X.25 Services

Parameter: Echo Mask
Path: Configuration Manager > X.25 PAD port > Edit Circuit > X25/ISDB >
X25PAD Port
Default: NO ECHO MASK
Options: NO ECHO MASK means that all characters are echoed.
NO ECHO OF CR means that carriage returns are not echoed.
NO ECHO OF LF means that linefeeds are not echoed.
NO ECHO OF VT HT FF means that those keys are not echoed.
NO ECHO OF BEL BS means that those keys are not echoed.
NO ECHO OF ESC ENQ means that those keys are not echoed.
NO ECHO OF ACK NAK STX SOH EOT ETB ETX means that those keys are
not echoed.
NO ECHO OF EDIT CHARACTERS means that the characters set in the
Character Delete, Line Delete and Line Display parameters are not echoed.
NO ECHO DEL, COL 0&1 NOT LISTED means that other characters in
columns 0 and 1 of IA5 and DEL are not echoed.
Function: When the Echo parameter is on, this parameter allows you to limit the kinds of
characters to be echoed.
Instructions: Accept the default or choose one of the other options.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.12.4.1.28

A-74

303547-A Rev 00

Site Manager Parameters

Parameter: Parity
Path: Configuration Manager > X.25 PAD port > Edit Circuit > X25/ISDB >
X25PAD Port
Default: Parity Check Generation
Options: No Parity Check Generation disables parity check, disables parity generation,
and the eighth bit is not used.
Parity Check enables parity check.
Parity Generation enables parity generation.
Parity Check Generation enables parity check and parity generation.
No Parity/Transparent bit 8 disables parity, and the eighth bit is used to generate
the extended character set.
Function: Determines how the PAD treats parity.
Instructions: Accept the default or choose another option.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.12.4.1.29

Parameter: Page Wait
Path: Configuration Manager > X.25 PAD port > Edit Circuit > X25/ISDB >
X25PAD Port
Default: 0
Options: 0 to 255 lines of data
Function: Allows the PAD to send from 0 to 255 lines of data (a page) at a time to the
terminal. The PAD then stops transmission until it receives any character from
the terminal, at which point it sends another page of data.
Instructions: If you want to display a page of data at a time, enter the number of lines that
your terminal can display.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.12.4.1.30

303547-A Rev 00

A-75

Configuring X.25 Services

Parameter: User Data
Path: Configuration Manager > X.25 PAD port > Edit Circuit > X25/ISDB >
X25PAD Port
Default: None
Options: Any valid call user data up to 16 bytes
Function: Specifies the user data field content inserted in the X.25 call packet.
Instructions: Enter the appropriate data in hexadecimal format.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.12.4.1.32

Parameter: Raw Facilities Data
Path: Configuration Manager > X.25 PAD port > Edit Circuit > X25/ISDB >
X25PAD Port
Default: None
Options: Any valid raw facilities data up to 63 bytes that needs to be included in the call
request packet.
Function: Allows you to add support for facilities. To generate a call with support for a
facility, you must enter the appropriate facility code in this parameter. You must
also set the associated parameter at the X.25 packet level to ON.
Instructions: Enter the appropriate data in hexadecimal format.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.12.4.1.34

Parameter: Reverse Charge
Path: Configuration Manager > X.25 PAD port > Edit Circuit > X25/ISDB >
X25PAD Port
Default: None
Options: None - No reverse charging facility is in the call request packet.
ON - The reverse charging facility is requested.
OFF - The reverse charging facility is not requested.
Function: When you set this parameter to ON you authorize the DCE to transmit to the
DTE incoming calls that request reverse charging.
Instructions: If you want to use reverse charging, set this parameter to ON.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.12.4.1.35

A-76

303547-A Rev 00

Site Manager Parameters

Parameter: Throughput Class Negotiation
Path: Configuration Manager > X.25 PAD port > Edit Circuit > X25/ISDB >
X25PAD Port
Default: None
Options: THRCLASS75 | 150 | 300 | 600 | 1200 | 2400 | 4800 | 9600 | 19200 | 48,000 |
64,000
Function: Permits the PAD to negotiate the throughput rate for virtual circuits on this
interface on a per-call basis. The receiving DTE may accept the proposed rate or
reply with a counterproposal.
Instructions: Enter the appropriate value.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.12.4.1.36

Parameter: Packet Size Negotiation
Path: Configuration Manager > X.25 PAD port > Edit Circuit > X25/ISDB >
X25PAD Port
Default: None
Options: None | 16 | 32 | 64 | 128 | 256
Function: Permits the PAD to negotiate the packet size for virtual circuits on this interface
on a per-call basis. The receiving DTE may accept the proposed size or reply
with a counterproposal.
Instructions: Enter the appropriate value.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.12.4.1.37

Parameter: Window Size Negotiation
Path: Configuration Manager > X.25 PAD port > Edit Circuit > X25/ISDB >
X25PAD Port
Default: None
Options: None 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7
Function: Permits the negotiation of window size. When you enable this parameter, the
router can negotiate the window size on a per-call basis. The receiving DTE
may accept the proposed size or reply with a counterproposal.
Instructions: Enter the appropriate value.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.12.4.1.38
303547-A Rev 00

A-77

Configuring X.25 Services

Parameter: Interval Timer
Path: Configuration Manager > X.25 PAD port > Edit Circuit > X25/ISDB >
X25PAD Port
Default: 0
Options: 0 to 999, in units where 1 equals 10 milliseconds
Function: The amount of time that the X.25 PAD waits before forwarding the current
contents of its character buffer.
Instructions: Enter a value in the range given.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.12.4.1.39

ISDB Global Parameter
Parameter: Enable
Path:
Default:
Options:
Function:
Instructions:

Configuration Manager > Protocols > ISDB Global
Enable
Enable | Disable
Enables or disables X.25 PAD service on this interface.
Set to Disable if you want to disable X.25 PAD service on this interface without
deleting it. Set to Enable to re-enable X.25 PAD service, if you previously
disabled it.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.4.33.3.1.2

A-78

303547-A Rev 00

Site Manager Parameters

ISDB Port Parameters

Parameter: Enable
Path: Configuration Manager > X.25 PAD Port > Edit Circuit > X25/ISDB >
ISDB Port
Default: Enable
Options: Enable | Disable
Function: Enables or disables X.25 PAD service on this port.
Instructions: Set to Disable if you want to disable X.25 PAD service on this port without
deleting it. Set to Enable to reenable X.25 PAD service, if you previously
disabled it.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.4.33.3.1.2

Parameter: Baud Rate
Path: Configuration Manager > X.25 PAD Port > Edit Circuit > X25/ISDB >
ISDB Port
Default: 9600b
Options: 300 | 1200 | 2400 | 4800 | 9600 | 19200
Function: Specifies the baud rate for the asynchronous port
Instructions: Accept the default or choose one of the other options.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.4.33.3.1.7

Parameter: Data Bits
Path: Configuration Manager > X.25 PAD Port > Edit Circuit > X25/ISDB >
ISDB Port
Default: 8
Options: 5 to 8
Function: Determines the number of data bits on this asynchronous port.
Instructions: Accept the default or choose one of the other options.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.4.33.3.1.8

303547-A Rev 00

A-79

Configuring X.25 Services

Parameter: Parity
Path: Configuration Manager > X.25 PAD Port > Edit Circuit > X25/ISDB >
ISDB Port
Default: None
Options: None | Odd | Even
Function: Determines the type of parity for this asynchronous port.
Instructions: Accept the default or choose one of the other options.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.4.33.3.1.9

Parameter: Stop Bits
Path: Configuration Manager > X.25 PAD Port > Edit Circuit > X25/ISDB >
ISDB Port
Default: S1 bit
Options: S1 | S15 | S2
Function: Indicates the bit that will indicate the end of a data segment for this port.
Instructions: Accept the default or choose one of the other options.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.4.33.3.1.10

Parameter: Cts (Clear to Send)
Path: Configuration Manager > X.25 PAD Port > Edit Circuit > X25/ISDB >
ISDB Port
Default: Always On
Options: Always On | Always Off | Follow Flow Control | Follow RTS
Function: DCE configuration of the Clear to Send signal for this ISDB port.
Instructions: Accept the default or choose one of the other options.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.4.33.3.1.11

A-80

303547-A Rev 00

Site Manager Parameters

Parameter: Dsr (Data Set Ready)
Path: Configuration Manager > X.25 PAD Port > Edit Circuit > X25/ISDB >
ISDB Port
Default: Always On
Options: Always On | Always Off | Follow DTR | Toggle on Disconnect
Function: DCE configuration of the Data Set Ready signal, which indicates that the port is
ready to send data.
Instructions: Accept the default or choose one of the other options.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.4.33.3.1.12

Parameter: Dcd (Data Carrier Detect)
Path: Configuration Manager > X.25 PAD Port > Edit Circuit > X25/ISDB >
ISDB Port
Default: Always On
Options: Always On | Always Off | Follow DTR | Follow VC
Function: The DCD is a signal from the DCE to the DTE indicating that it is receiving a
carrier signal from the DCE at the remote end of the connection.
Instructions: Accept the default or choose one of the other options.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.4.33.3.1.13

Parameter: Prompt
Path: Configuration Manager > X.25 PAD Port > Edit Circuit > X25/ISDB >
ISDB Port
Default: None
Options: Any text string up to 15 characters.
Function: Specifies the character string to be used for the port prompt.
Instructions: Enter the text string that you want to become the prompt.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.4.33.3.1.14

303547-A Rev 00

A-81

Configuring X.25 Services

Parameter: Inactivity Timeout
Path: Configuration Manager > X.25 PAD Port > Edit Circuit > X25/ISDB >
ISDB Port
Default: 0
Options: 0 to 255
Function: Specifies the amount of time in seconds of inactivity, after which the port will
reset.
Instructions: Enter a value in the specified range.
MIB Object ID:. 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.4.33.3.16

Parameter: Async Port Flow Control
Path: Configuration Manager > X.25 PAD Port > Edit Circuit > X25/ISDB >
ISDB Port
Default: Enable
Options: Enable | Disable
Function: Enables or disables flow control from the DTE to the ISDB asynchronous port.
Instructions: Accept the default to enable flow control, or choose Disable to disable this
feature.
MIB Object ID:. 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.4.33.3.1.19

Parameter: Remote Terminal Flow Control
Path: Configuration Manager > X.25 PAD Port > Edit Circuit > X25/ISDB >
ISDB Port
Default: Disable
Options: Enable | Disable
Function: Enables or disables flow control from the ISDB to the terminal on the ISDB
asynchronous port.
Instructions: Choose Enable to use flow control, or accept the default, Disable, to disable this
feature.
MIB Object ID:. 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.4.33.3.1.20

A-82

303547-A Rev 00

Site Manager Parameters

Parameter: Dtr (Data Terminal Ready) Action
Path: Configuration Manager > X.25 PAD Port > Edit Circuit > X25/ISDB >
ISDB Port
Default: Enable
Options: Enable | Disable
Function: Determines whether an action is taken when the DTR signal changes. A loss of
the DTR signal results in the loss of communication between the ISDB and the
terminal.
Instructions: Accept the default to enable the DTR action for this ISDB port, or set this
parameter to Disable make the DTR action inactive.
MIB Object ID:. 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.4.33.3.1.21

Parameter: Flow Control Action
Path: Configuration Manager > X.25 PAD Port > Edit Circuit > X25/ISDB >
ISDB Port
Default: Enable
Options: Enable | Disable
Function: Determines whether the PAD notifies the ISDB when a flow control change
occurs.
Instructions: Accept the default to enable the PAD to notify the ISDB when a change occurs,
or choose Disable to disable this feature.
MIB Object ID:. 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.4.33.3.1.22

303547-A Rev 00

A-83

Configuring X.25 Services

QLLC Parameters
This section describes the QLLC mapping parameters that you can configure in
the QLLC Mapping Parameters window. It also describes additional parameters
that you can modify in the QLLC Mapping Table Configuration window.

Parameter: Map Entry Name
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Edit > X.25 Protocol >
Service > QLLC
Default: None
Options: Any text string
Function: Provides a name for the QLLC mapping entry.
Instructions: Enter a text string that describes this mapping entry.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.8.1.18

Parameter: Adjacent DTE/DCE X.121 Address
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Edit > X.25 Protocol >
Service > QLLC
Default: None
Options: Any valid X.121 address
Function: Specifies the X.121 device that connects to the interface running the QLLC/
X.25 software, either directly or indirectly. QLLC software maps the adjacent
X.121 address to the adjacent MAC address.
Instructions: Accept the value that the software automatically carries forward from the X.25
service record, or enter the appropriate X.121 address (up to 15 decimal digits).
Consult your network administrator for the correct value.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.8.1.7

A-84

303547-A Rev 00

Site Manager Parameters

Parameter: Protocol ID (PID) (hex)
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Edit > X.25 Protocol >
Service > QLLC
Default: 0xC3
Options: A hexadecimal value from 0x01 through 0xFE
Function: Specifies the protocol ID used in the first byte of the Call User Data of the X.25
Call Request packet.
Instructions: Accept the default, or select another value within the range given. The PID must
be set to the value of the adjacent X.25/QLLC device.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.8.1.8

Parameter: Adjacent MAC Address
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Edit > X.25 Protocol >
Service > QLLC
Default: None
Options: The MAC address assigned to this QLLC device. It must be unique within your
DLSw network.
Function: Specifies the MAC address assigned to the device that connects to the interface
running the QLLC/X.25 software. QLLC software maps the adjacent MAC
Address to the adjacent X.121 address.
If you are using wildcards, and you want to set this parameter to null, enter
nothing. If you do set this parameter to null, the QLLC software dynamically
assigns a MAC address from the address pool defined in the X.25 service
record.
Instructions: Enter the adjacent MAC address. Consult your network administrator for the
correct value.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.8.1.11

303547-A Rev 00

A-85

Configuring X.25 Services

Parameter: Partner DTE/DCE X.121 Address
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Edit > X.25 Protocol >
Service > QLLC
Default: None
Options: Any valid X.121 address
Function: Specifies the X.121 address of the device that connects through the DLSw
network. QLLC software maps the partner X.121 address to the partner MAC
address.
Instructions: Enter the partner X.121 address (up to 15 decimal digits). Consult your network
administrator for the correct value.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.8.1.6

Parameter: Partner MAC Address
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Edit > X.25 Protocol >
Service > QLLC
Default: None
Options: The MAC address assigned to this SNA device. It must be unique within your
network.
Function: Specifies the MAC address assigned to the device that connects through the
DLSw network. The QLLC software maps the partner MAC address to the
partner X.121 address.
Instructions: Enter the MAC address. Consult your network administrator for the correct
value.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.8.1.9

A-86

303547-A Rev 00

Site Manager Parameters

Parameter: Generate XID
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Edit > X.25 Protocol >
Service > QLLC
Default: Disable
Options: Enable | Disable
Function: Allows a non-NPSI host to establish a session with a QLLC endstation.
Instructions: Set to Enable when a PU 2.0 QLLC device connects through DLSw to a
non-X.25 host.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.8.1.16

Parameter: Enable
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Edit > X.25 Protocol >
Service > QLLC
Default: Enable
Options: Enable | Disable
Function: Enables or disables a particular QLLC mapping entry on this interface.
Instructions: Accept the default, Enable, to activate this QLLC mapping entry.
Select Disable only if you want to deactivate this mapping entry. When you
select Disable, you eliminate all active QLLC sessions established with this
mapping entry.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.8.1.2

303547-A Rev 00

A-87

Configuring X.25 Services

Parameter: Adjacent SAP Address
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Edit > X.25 Protocol >
Service > QLLC
Default: 0x04
Options: A hexadecimal value from 0x01 through FE.
Function: Specifies the SAP address associated with a communication subsystem on an
adjacent device. If you have two data streams running between the same two
end points, you must assign different SAP numbers to each of these streams.
Instructions: Accept the default, or specify the SAP address associated with a specific
communication subsystem. For example, the SAP associated with SNA is 0x04.
You must include the 0x prefix.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.8.1.12

Parameter: Partner SAP Address
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Edit > X.25 Protocol >
Service > QLLC
Default: 0x04
Options: A hexadecimal value from 0x01 through FE.
Function: Specifies the SAP address associated with a communication subsystem on an
partner device.
If you have two data streams running between the same two end points, you
must assign different SAP numbers to each of these streams.
Instructions: Accept the default, or specify the SAP address associated with a specific
communication subsystem. For example, the SAP associated with SNA is 0x04.
You must include the 0x prefix.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.8.1.10

A-88

303547-A Rev 00

Site Manager Parameters

Parameter: Options
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Edit > X.25 Protocol >
Service > QLLC
Default: 0x0
Options: See Table A-3.
Function: Specifies when to forward an XID to the adjacent device.
Instructions: Accept the default, 0x0, if you are connecting to a device running PU 2.0
traffic.
Choose 0x001 if you are connecting to a host running PU 2.1 traffic.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.8.1.13
Table A-3.
Hexadecimal
Value

303547-A Rev 00

XID Forwarding Options
Decimal Value

Message/Event

0x0

Wait for Adjacent DTE/DCE to send an
QXID before forwarding an QXID to it.

0x0001

Do not wait; send an QXID without receiving
an QXID first.

0x0002

Enable when SDLC endstations connect to
QLLC hosts that do not support receipt of
XID polls and do not retransmit XIDs.

0X0004

The software sets the parameter to this field
automatically when the Partner MAC
Address contains a wildcard. Do not change
this value.

A-89

Configuring X.25 Services

Parameter: Trace
Path: Configuration Manager > Circuits > Edit Circuits > Edit > X.25 Protocol >
Service > QLLC
Default: Disable (0x0)
Options: See Table A-4.
Function: This object is a bit mask used to enable logging of internal QLLC messages and
events. You can add values and enter the sum to enable multiple message
groups.
Enabling this parameter has a small impact on router performance. You may
want to disable this parameter after you are sure that the configuration works.
Instructions: Accept the default, Disable, or enable the type of debugging that you want on
your network.
MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.9.4.8.1.14

Table A-4.
Hexadecimal
Value

A-90

Trace Options
Decimal Value

Message/Event

0x0

Disable

0x0001

Enable QLLC logging

0x0002

Data frames/packets

0x0004

Flow control messages

0x0008

Client registration messages

0x0010

X.25 session establishment messages

0x0020

Test frames/packets

0x0040

XID frames/packets

0x0080

128

Set Mode frames/packets

0x0100

256

Disconnect frames/packets

0x0200

512

Configuration changes

0x0400

1024

Death of client (DLSw)

0x0800

2048

Data Path (DP) messages

303547-A Rev 00

Appendix B
X.25 Default Parameter Settings

Tables B-1 through B-11 list X.25, LAPB, IPEX, X.25 PAD, and QLLC
parameters and their default values.

Table B-1.

X.25 Global Parameter

Parameter

Default

Enable

Table B-2.

X.25 Packet-Level Parameters

Parameter

Default

Enable

Link Address Type

DCE

Network Address Type

PDN_Network

PDN X.121/E.164 Address

None

DDN IP Address

None

Sequence Size

MOD8

Restart Procedure Type

DTE_Restart (for DTE)
DCE_Restart (for DCE)

(continued)

303547-A Rev 00

B-1

Configuring X.25 Services

Table B-2.

X.25 Packet-Level Parameters (continued)

Parameter

Default

Default Tx/Rx Window Size

Default Tx/Rx Pkt Length

128

Number of PVC Channels

PVC LCN Start

Number of Incoming SVC
Channels

Incoming SVC LCN Start

Number of Bidirectional SVC
Channels

Bidirectional SVC LCN Start

Number of Outgoing SVC
Channels

Outgoing SVC LCN Start

Use Default Service Configuration

OFF

T1 Timer

60 s

T2 Timer

180 s

T3 Timer

200 ms

T4 Timer

200 ms

Flow Control Negotiation

Off

Max Window Size

Max Packet Length

128

Tx/Rx Throughput Class

THRCLASS19200

Throughput Class Negotiation

Off

Max Throughput Class

19200

(continued)

B-2

303547-A Rev 00

X.25 Default Parameter Settings

Table B-2.

303547-A Rev 00

X.25 Packet-Level Parameters (continued)

Parameter

Default

Network User Identification

Off

Incoming Calls Accept

Outgoing Calls Accept

Fast Select Accept

Off

Reverse Charge Accept

Off

Fast Select

Off

Reverse Charging

Off

CUG Selection

Null

CUG Outgoing Access

Null

CUG Bilateral Selection

Null

RPOA Selection

Off

Charging Information

Off

Transit Delay

Off

Full Addressing

Acceptance Format

Basic (2)

Release Format

Basic (2)

CCITT Conformance

DXE1988

Network Standard

None

Statistics Computation

Disable

Client Response Timer

120

Client PDU Size

1600

B-3

Configuring X.25 Services

Table B-3.

X.25 Network Service Record Parameters

Parameter

Default

Enable

Type

None

Service VC Type

SVC

PVC LCN

None

Number of PVC LCN

Connection ID

Remote IP Address

0.0.0.0

Remote X.121/E.164 Address

None

Enable 1356 Multiplexing

Disable

Enable Compression

Disable

Broadcast

Off

Max Connections

Precedence

Off

Max Idle (Mins)

Call Retry

Flow Facility

Default

Window Size

Packet Size

128

Fast Select Request

Off

Fast Select Accept

Off

Reverse Charge Request

Off

Reverse Charge Accept

Off

DDN BFE

Disable

(continued)

B-4

303547-A Rev 00

X.25 Default Parameter Settings

Table B-3.
Parameter

Default

User Facility (hex)

None

CUG Facility Format

None

CUG Facility Type

Normal

CUG Number

MAC Pool Start

None

MAC Pool Size

Table B-4.

303547-A Rev 00

X.25 Network Service Record Parameters (continued)

LAPB Parameters

Parameter

Default

Enable

Station Type

DTE

Control Field

Modulo 8

Max N1 Frame Size (octets)

256 bytes

Window Size

Max N2 Retries

Max T1 Acknowledge Timer
(seconds)

30 seconds

Max T2 Acknowledge Timer
(seconds)

1 seconds

Max T3 Disconnect Timer
(seconds)

60 seconds

Initiate Link Setup Action

Active

Enable Rx/Tx/of XID Frames

Disable

Command/Response Address

DTE

WAN Protocol

Standard

Network Link Type

NET2

Idle RR Frames

Off

B-5

Configuring X.25 Services

Table B-5.

IPEX Global Parameters

Parameter

Default

Enable

Max Message Size

1600

Insert Called DTE Address

Disable

Insert Calling DTE Address

Disable

Table B-6.

IPEX Mapping Parameters

IPEX Mapping Parameter

Default

Source Connection Type

None

Mapping Type

None

TCP Circuit Name

None

TCP Header Type

None; used only with X.25
Gateway

Parameters for PVC and SVC
Connections

Default

Source PVC LCN

None; used only with PVC
connections

X.121 Called Address

None; used only with SVC
connections

Mapping Type

End_to_End

Remote IP Address

None

Remote Backup IP Address

0.0.0.0

Remote TCP Port Number

None

Parameters for TCP Connections Default
Local TCP Port

None

Destination Connection Type

None

Destination PVC LCN

None

(continued)

B-6

303547-A Rev 00

X.25 Default Parameter Settings

Table B-6.

IPEX Mapping Parameter

Default

Additional Mapping Parameters

Default

Enable

Source X.121 Address

None

Destination X.121 Address

None

Client Queue Size

Set to the larger of TCP Max
Window Size or IPEX Max
Message Size, usually 4096

X.25 Call User Data

None

Idle Session Timer

120 seconds

Keep Alive Retransmit Timer

3 seconds

Keep Alive Retransmit Count

Translate Calling X.121 Address

None

Table B-7.

303547-A Rev 00

IPEX Mapping Parameters

X.25 PAD Global Parameters

Parameter

Default

Enable

X.121 Address

The address that you provided for
the X.25 packet-level PDN X.121
Address parameter

DNIC

None

Subaddress Length

2 bytes

Translate Calling X.121 Address

None

B-7

Configuring X.25 Services

Table B-8.

X.25 PAD Port Parameters

Parameter

Default

Enable

X.121 Subaddress

None

Escape Character

Echo

Data Forwarding Character

Idle Timer

Ancillary Device Control

XON/XOFF in Command Mode
and Data Transfer

Service Signals

5 Service Signals and Prompt
Sent Standard Form

Break

4 Sends an indication of the break
message to the DTE.

Discard Output

0 Delivers data in normal manner.

Carriage Return Pad

Line Folding

Flow Control

XON/OFF

Linefeed Insert

Linefeed PAD

Edit

Edit in Data Transfer

Character Delete

127

Line Delete

Line Display

Edit PAD Service Signals

Echo Mask

No Echo Mask

Parity

Parity Check Generation

Page Wait

User Data

None

Raw Facilities Data

None

Reverse Charge

None

(continued)

B-8

303547-A Rev 00

X.25 Default Parameter Settings
Table B-8.
Parameter

Default

Throughput Class Negotiation

None

Packet Size Negotiation

None

Window Size Negotiation

None

Interval Timer

Table B-9.

ISDB Global Parameter

Parameter

Default

Enable

Table B-10.

303547-A Rev 00

X.25 PAD Port Parameters (continued)

ISDB Port Parameters

Parameter

s sDefault

Enable

Baud Rate

9600b

Data Bits

Parity

None

Stop Bits

S1 bit

Cts (Clear to Send)

Always On

Dsr (Data Set Ready)

Always On

Dcd (Data Carrier Detect)

Always On

Prompt

None

Inactivity Timeout

Async Port Flow Control

Enable

Remote Terminal Flow Control

Disable

Dtr (Data Terminal Ready) Action

Enable

Flow Control Action

Enable

B-9

Configuring X.25 Services
Table B-11.

B-10

QLLC Parameters

QLLC Mapping Parameters

Default

Map Entry Name

None

Adjacent DTE/DCE X.121 Address

None

Protocol ID (PID)

0xC3

Adjacent MAC Address

None

Partner DTE/DCE X.121 Address

None

Partner MAC Address

None

Generate XID

Disable

Additional Parameters

Default

Enable

Adjacent SAP Address

0x04

Partner SAP Address

0x04

Options

Wait

Trace

Disable (0x0)

303547-A Rev 00

Appendix C
Sample IPEX Configurations

IPEX Mapping Example
This sample configuration for IPEX mapping parameters (Figure C-1) illustrates
two X.25 terminals that use X.25 TCP/IP Tunneling.

X.25 level 3
connections

TCP
connections
TCP
port 15000

TCP
port 15000

X.25 level 3
connections

TCP/IP
X.25 DTE
X.121 address is 987

"local"
IPEX
(router)
IP address
192.168.134.222

"remote"
IPEX
X.25 DCE
(router)
X.121 address is 123
IP address
192.168.134.111
X250014A

Figure C-1.

Sample Configuration for Mapping Parameters

In this example, the calling X.25 terminal on the left (987) sends the called
address (123) to the first IPEX router, establishing an SVC source connection with
a TCP destination connection. The call is tunneled through the TCP/IP network to
the second IPEX router, which establishes a source TCP connection with an SVC
destination connection to the X.25 terminal on the right.
Figures A-2 through A-5 show the parameter settings for full-duplex calls for this
configuration. Figures C-2 and C-5 show the settings for 987 calling 123, and
Figures C-4 and C-3 show the settings for 123 calling 987.

303547-A Rev 00

C-1

Configuring X.25 Services

Figure C-2.

IPEX Mapping Parameters for Local SVC Connection Type

Figure C-3.

IPEX Mapping Parameters for Local TCP Connection Type

C-2

303547-A Rev 00

Sample IPEX Configurations

Figure C-4.

IPEX Mapping Parameters for Remote SVC Connection Type

Figure C-5.

IPEX Mapping Parameters for Remote TCP Connection Type

303547-A Rev 00

C-3

Configuring X.25 Services

IPEX Single-Node Switching
IPEX single-node switching is IPEX configured on the backplane of a single
router. A normal IPEX configuration performs local X.25 switching, and a
circuitless IP network simulates an IP cloud. Figure C-6 illustrates single-node
switching.

X.25 level 3 with IPEX
Router's circuitless
IPaddress:192.32.50.1

S11
S12
X.25 DTE

X.25 host
E.164 called address:12345678
X250022A

Figure C-6.

IPEX Single-Node Switching

If the router receives an X.121 called address for a VC, with the call request
coming from the X.25 port, it sends the packet to a TCP destination port and IP
address that you choose. For this example, the router sends the packet to the
circuitless IP address, or any other IP address on the local router.
If the router receives an incoming TCP/IPEX packet from the configured TCP
port number, it sends the IPEX packet out on the X.25 port.

Configuring IPEX Local X.25 Switching
This example assumes that you have already configured a circuitless IP address.
For information about configuring IP, refer to Configuring IP Services. For
information about configuring X.25, refer to Configuring X.25 Services.

C-4

303547-A Rev 00

Sample IPEX Configurations

Configuring the PVC or SVC Connection
Use these instructions to configure the PVC or SVC connection. For parameter
descriptions, see Appendix A.
Site Manager Procedure
You do this

System responds

1. Choose a port, and click on OK.

The WAN Protocols window opens.

2. Choose X.25 from the protocols window.
3. Click on OK.

The X.25 Packet Configuration window
opens.

4. Set the following parameters according to
the requirements of your network, using
Help or the parameter descriptions that
begin on page A-3:
• Link Address Type
• PDN X.121/E.164 Address
• Number of PVC Channels
• PVC LCN Start
• Number of Incoming SVC Channels
• Incoming SVC LCN Start
• Number of Bidirectional SVC
Channels
• Bidirectional SVC LCN Start
• Number of Outgoing SVC Channels
• Outgoing SVC LCN Start
5. Click on OK.

The X.25 Service Configuration window
opens.

6. Click on Add.

The X.25 Service window opens.

7. Set the following parameters, using Help
or the parameter descriptions that begin on
page A-27:
• Type (set this parameter to IPEX)
• Service VC Type
8. If you chose PVC as the Service VC
Type, set the following parameters, using
Help or the parameter descriptions that
begin on page A-28:
• PVC LCN
• First PVC LCN
• Number of PVC LCN

303547-A Rev 00

C-5

Configuring X.25 Services

Site Manager Procedure
You do this

System responds

9. Click on OK.

The IPEX Mapping Table Configuration
window opens.

10. Click on Add.

The IPEX Mapping Add window opens.

11. Set the Source Connection Type
parameter to PVC or SVC, using Help or the
parameter description on page A-51.
12. Set the Mapping Type parameter to
End_to_End, unless you must perform
X.121 address translation, which is only
possible in local mode.

C-6

13. Click on OK.

The IPEX Mapping parameters window
for PVC or SVC opens.

14. Enter a Source PVC LCN or an X.121
Called Address, as appropriate. Use Help
or the parameter descriptions that begin on
page A-52.

In this example, the X.121 address is
12345678.

15. Enter the Remote IP Address.

In this example the address is
192.32.50.1.

16. Enter the Remote TCP Port Number.

This is the destination TCP port number
that receives the IPEX packets. For this
example, enter 13000 for COM1.

17. Click on OK.

You return to the IPEX Mapping Table
Configuration window.

18. Click on Done.

You return to the X.25 Service
Configuraiton window.

19. Click on Done.

You return to the Main Configuration
Manager window.

303547-A Rev 00

Sample IPEX Configurations

Configuring the TCP Connection
To configure the TCP connection:
Site Manager Procedure
You do this

System responds

1. Follow steps 1 to 10 in the previous
section, “Configuring the PVC or SVC
Connection” on page C-5, but choose a
different COM port.
2. Set the Source Connection Type
parameter to TCP, using Help or the
parameter description on page A-51.
3. Set the Mapping Type parameter to
End_to_End, unless you must perform
X.121 address translation, which is only
possible in local mode.
4. Click on OK.

The IPEX Mapping parameters window
for TCP opens.

5. Enter the Local TCP Port number. Use
Help or the parameter description on
page A-55.

In this example, the number is 13000.

6. Set the Destination Connection Type to
either PVC or SVC. If you choose PVC, set
the Destination PVC LCN parameter also.
Use Help or the parameter descriptions on
page A-55.

303547-A Rev 00

7. Click on OK.

You return to the IPEX Mapping Table
Configuration window.

8. Click on Done.

You return to the X.25 Service
Configuraiton window.

9. Click on Done.

You have completed the IPEX
configuration. You return to the Main
Configuration Manager window.

C-7

Configuring X.25 Services

Note: This example allows calls from the X.25 DTE to the X.25 host. After
the initial call, traffic can flow in both directions. To allow either side of the
connection to make call requests, you must make the same configuration
again, but in the opposite direction. That is, create an SVC mapping type on
the X.25 host, and a TCP mapping type on the X.25 DTE. For the second
configuration, use a different TCP port. Both mapping types can exist on the
same interface.

C-8

303547-A Rev 00

Appendix D
QLLC Technical Supplement

This appendix contains examples of networks that use QLLC and also provides
complete information on using QLLC wildcards in mapping addresses.

QLLC Configuration Examples
The sections that follow illustrate typical QLLC network topologies when used
with DLSw.

Sample Network Topologies
QLLC conversion supports the following network topologies:
•

Upstream QLLC

•

Downstream QLLC

•

Endpoint QLLC

•

Backbone QLLC

Upstream QLLC Network
Figure D-1 shows support for upstream X.25 networks. The DLSw network
connects to an upstream QLLC host through an X.25 network, and to SDLC- and
LLC-attached SNA end stations. The end stations can be PU2.0 devices, such as
the AS 400, IBM 3174, PS/2, and IBM 5394. A QLLC host might be an AS 400
or an IBM mainframe running NPSI software.

303547-A Rev 00

D-1

Configuring X.25 Services

Mapping Tables
Figure D-1 also shows wildcard and station-to-station mapping tables between
endstations and the SNA mainframe. The wildcard maps focus on Router A rather
than on individual endstations; the partner MAC address is therefore irrelevant,
which allows the “Don’t Care” wildcard.

D-2

303547-A Rev 00

QLLC Technical Supplement

SNA mainframe
X.121 address = 12345678
MAC address = 4000004410

PC
X.121 address = 45678912
MAC address = 4000004560
X.25
Token Ring

DLSw
Router A

3174
control unit

Station address = C1
SDLC X.21 address = 70012345
Router B
MAC address = 40000000EACO

X.121 address = 400444
MAC address = 400000FE40
AS 400
Router B SDLC local device table
Address = C1
MAC address = 4000000EAC0

Router A mapping table
SNA mainframe
parameters map to

PC parameters

AS 400 parameters

3174 control unit
parameters

Adjacent DTE/DCE X.121
address =12345678

Partner DTE/DCE X.121
address = 45678912

Partner DTE/DCE X.121
address = 400444

Partner DTE/DCE X.121
address = 70012345

Adjacent MAC
address = 4000004410

Partner MAC
address = 4000004560

Partner MAC
address = 400000FE40

Partner MAC
address = 4000000EACO

Figure D-1.

303547-A Rev 00

Upstream QLLC Network

D-3

Configuring X.25 Services

Downstream QLLC Network
Figure D-2 shows support for downstream QLLC devices. The DLSw network
connects to upstream SDLC- or LLC-attached SNA hosts, and downstream
QLLC-compatible attached SNA end stations. The end station can be a PU2.0
device, such as an AS 400, IBM 3174, PS/2, or IBM 5394. The SNA host might
be an AS 400 or an IBM mainframe.

Mapping Tables
Figure B-3 shows examples of how station-to-station and wildcard mapping tables
can work for this network.
The 3174 Map, the PC1 Map, and the AS 400 (1) Map are examples of
station-to-station maps that enable endstations to connect to a host.
The SNA Mainframe map and the AS 400 (2) map both use wildcards. The
wildcard maps focus on Router A, rather than on individual endstations. Note that
the SNA Mainframe map enbles the same connections as the station-to-station
maps.
The SNA Mainframe and AS 400 (2) maps also show how you can create multiple
mappings on a network.

Setting the Generate XID Parameter
Set the Generate XID parameter to Enable when you configure a secondary
X.25 device to communicate with a non-X.25/QLLC primary device. This means
that for the FEP, the AS 400, and the IBM 3745 in Figure D-2, you should set this
parameter to Enable.

D-4

303547-A Rev 00

QLLC Technical Supplement

SNA mainframe
3174
control unit
X.121 address =
77772
MAC address =
4000000 000002

PC1

X.121 address = 77771
MAC address =
4000000 000001

PC2

X.121 address =
7773
MAC address =
4000000 000003

X.25
X.121 address = 66661
MAC address =
4000000 000006

X.121 address = 4444
MAC address = 4000000 000004
Token Ring
AS 400 (2)

AS 400 (1)

DLSw

SDLC
Router B

Router A

Station address = C1
X.21 address = 2222
MAC address =
4000000 000005

Router B SDLC local device table
Address = C1
MAC Address = 4000000EAC0
Router A station-to-staion mapping table (enables 3174, PC1, and AS 400 (1) to reach SNA mainframe)
Map Name

Adjacent X.121
Address

Partner X.121
Address

Adjacent MAC
Address

Partner MAC
Address

3174

77772

4444

400000 000002

400000 000004

PC1 Map

77771

4444

400000 000001

400000 000004

AS 400 (1) Map

77773

4444

400000 000003

400000 000004

Adjacent X.121
Address

Partner X.121
Address

Adjacent MAC
Address

Partner MAC
Address

SNA Mainframe
7777.
8888
(enables 3174, PC1 and AS 400 (1) to reach SNA mainframe)

(leave blank)

400000 000004

SNA mainframe
6666.
AS 400 (2)
(enables PC2 to reach AS400 (2))

(leave blank)

400000 000004

Router A using . wildcard
Map Name

Figure D-2.
303547-A Rev 00

8888

Downstream QLLC Network
D-5

Configuring X.25 Services

Endpoint QLLC Network
Figure D-3 shows support for a network that connects an upstream X.25-attached
SNA end station, and a downstream X.25-attached SNA end station. The end
stations can be an AS 400 and a PC supporting a hierarchical protocol such as
SNA or a peer-to-peer protocol such as APPN.

Setting the Options Parameter
When both end stations are X.25/QLLC devices, set the Options parameter to
Don’t Wait.

D-6

303547-A Rev 00

QLLC Technical Supplement

AS 400
PC
X.121 address = 12345678
MAC address = 4000004410

X.121 address = 45678912
MAC address = 4000005670

X.25

DLSw
Router B

Router A

Router A mapping table
AS 400 parameters map to

Adjacent DTE/DCE X.121
address = 12345678

Partner DTE/DCE X.121
address = 45678912

Adjacent MAC
address = 4000004410

Partner MAC
address = 4000005670

Router B mapping table
PC parameters map to

AS 400

Adjacent DTE/DCE X.121
address = 45678912

Partner DTE/DCE X.121
address = 12345678
Partner MAC
address = 4000004410

Adjacent MAC
address = 4000005670

X250020A

Figure D-3.

303547-A Rev 00

Endpoint QLLC Network

D-7

Configuring X.25 Services

Backbone QLLC Network
Figure D-4 shows support for an X.25 backbone. This X.25 network connects to
an upstream SNA mainframe, and a downstream PC through an X.25 backbone
network. See “QLLC Adjacent and Partner Devices,” on page 1-23 for definitions
of adjacent and partner devices.

D-8

303547-A Rev 00

QLLC Technical Supplement

SNA mainframe
X.121 address = 12345678
MAC address = 4000004410
PC
X.121 address = 45678912
MAC address = 4000005670

Token Ring

X.25
Router B

Router A

Router A mapping table
SNA mainframe parameters
map to

Adjacent DTE/DCE X.121
address = 45678912
Adjacent MAC
address = 4000005670

Partner DTE/DCE X.121
address =12345678
Partner MAC
address = 4000004410

Router B mapping table
PC parameters map to

SNA mainframe

Adjacent DTE/DCE X.121
address =12345678
Adjacent MAC
address = 4000004410

Partner DTE/DCE X.121
address = 45678912
Partner MAC
address = 4000005670
X250021A

Figure D-4.

303547-A Rev 00

X.25 Backbone QLLC Network

D-9

Configuring X.25 Services

Wildcard Mapping for Complicated Networks
The following sections fully explain how to use QLLC mapping.

Making Wildcards
You define wildcards as regular expressions, using the characters defined in
Table D-1.
Table D-1.

Characters in Wildcard Addresses

Wildcard Character

Function

Matches any character except those listed below. An ordinary
character (for example, a, b, 7, or 5) matches only itself.

. (dot or period)

Matches a single character.

(. = 0x 2E)

Example: 7777.
Matches: 77771, 77773, and 77772
Does not match: 777712 or 7777123

^ (caret or circumflex)

The caret has special meaning only when it is the leftmost
character in the wildcard expression.

(^ = 0x 5E)
$ (currency symbol)

($ = 0x 24)

The currency symbol has special meaning only when it is the
rightmost character in a wildcard expression. As such, it
constrains the expression to match the rightmost portion of a line.
A match of this type is an anchored match because it is anchored
to a specific place in the line.

[c...]

As the rightmost element in a string, this element tells the
wildcard to match any one of the characters enclosed in the
brackets.

([ = 0x 5B)
(] = 0x 5D)

Example: 40000000000[123]
Matches: 400000000001, 400000000002, or 400000000003

(continued)

D-10

303547-A Rev 00

QLLC Technical Supplement
Table D-1.

Characters in Wildcard Addresses (continued)

Wildcard Character

Function

[^c...]

When a caret is the first character of the bracketed string, the
wildcard expression matches any character except those in the
remainder of the string.
Example: [^45678]
Matches: any character except 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8

(^ = 0x 5E)
[l-r]

The minus sign between two characters indicates a range of
consecutive ASCII characters to match. This bracketed string of
characters is known as a character class.
Example: [0-9]
Matches: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9

(- = 0x 2D)

Concatenating Wildcards
You can construct longer wildcards by combining single-character regular
expressions, using the rules and operators in Table D-2. A wildcard that you make
from a concatenation of regular expressions matches a concatenation of address
digits, each of which is a match for a successive regular expression in the search
pattern.
Table D-2.

Concatenation Rules and Operators for Wildcards

Rule/Operator

Interpretation

? (question mark)

A single-character regular expression followed by a question mark
matches zero or exactly one occurrence of that single-character
regular expression.

(? = 0x 3F)
* (asterisk)

(* = 0x 2A)

Example: [0-9]?
Matches: any string of zero or exactly one digit.
A single-character regular expression followed by an asterisk
matches zero or more occurrences of that single-character regular
expression.
Example: [0-9]*
Matches: any string of zero or more digits

(continued)

303547-A Rev 00

D-11

Configuring X.25 Services
Table D-2.

Concatenation Rules and Operators for Wildcards (continued)

Rule/Operator

Interpretation

+ (plus sign)

A single-character regular expression followed by a plus sign
matches one or more occurrences of that single-character regular
expression.

(+ = 0x 2B)

Example: [0-9]+
Matches: any string with one or more digits.

A one-character regular expression followed by {m}, {m,}, or {m,n} is
a regular expression that matches a range of occurrences of the
one-character regular expression. The values m and n must be
non-negative integers less than 255. The symbols in braces mean
where m and n are the following:
integers
{m} matches exactly m occurrences
{m,} matches at least m occurrences
{m, n} matches any number of occurrences between m and n.
({ = 0x 7B)
(} = 0x 7D)
Whenever a choice exists, the regular expression matches as many
(, = 0x 2C)
occurrences as possible.
{m}
{m,}
{m, n}

D-12

303547-A Rev 00

QLLC Technical Supplement

Table D-3 lists the operators that you can use to construct regular expressions
from more-than-single-character regular expressions.
Table D-3.

Multi-Character Concatenation Operators for Wildcards

Operator

Interpretation

(...)

A regular expression enclosed within parentheses matches whatever
the unadorned regular expression matches. You use parentheses to
group a series of regular expressions that you want the software to
treat as a single-character regular expression.

(regular
expressions
enclosed in
parentheses)
((=0x 28)
() = 0x 29)

Example: 0[Xx]?
Matches: 0 0X or 0x
Example: (0[Xx])?
Matches nothing, 0x, or 0x
You can have up to 9 such substrings in a regular expression, and
you can nest parentheses.

| (vertical bar)

(| = 0x 7c)

Two regular expressions separated by a vertical bar match either a
match for the first or a match for the second.
Example: 7777(12|16)
Matches 777712 or 777716

[]
(square brackets

Matches any single character in the bracketed set.

([=0x 5B)
(] = 0x 5D)

Example: 40000000000[123]
Matches: 400000000001, 400000000002, or 400000000003

Wildcard Configuration Rules
Table D-4 specifies the rules that govern how you make wildcards for QLLC
address mapping parameters.
Table D-4.

Wildcard Configuration Rules

Adjacent X.121 Address
•

Can only contain decimal digits and wildcard characters.

•

If only decimal digits, string length must be 1 to 15 digits long.

•

If wildcard characters, string length must be 1 to 40 characters long.

(continued)

303547-A Rev 00

D-13

Configuring X.25 Services
Table D-4.

Wildcard Configuration Rules (continued)

•

Wildcard characters are not allowed if partner MAC address contains wildcard
characters.

•

If only “.*” wildcard characters are used, then Site Manager displays the address as
“Don’t Care”

•

If a (, [, or { wildcard is used, there must be a matching ), ], or } wildcard.

Partner X.121 Address
•

Can only contain decimal digits.

•

String length must be 1 to 15 digits long.

Partner MAC Address
•

Can only contain hexadecimal digits and wildcard characters.

•

If only hexadecimal digits, string length must be 12 digits long.

•

If wildcard characters, string length must be 2 to 40 characters long.

•

Wildcard characters are not allowed if adjacent X.121 address contains wildcard
characters.

•

If only “.*” wildcard characters are used, then Site Manager displays the address as
“Don’t Care”

•

If a (, [, or { wildcard character is used, there must be a matching ), ], or } wildcard.

Adjacent MAC Address
•

Can only contain hexadecimal digits or nothing.

•

String length must be 12 digits or zero.

•

String length of zero not allowed if partner MAC address contains wildcard characters.

•

If string length is zero, then Site Manager displays the address as “Pool Address.”

Options bitmask
•

D-14

If partner MAC address contains wildcard characters, then Option 0x0004 must be
enabled.

303547-A Rev 00

QLLC Technical Supplement

Wildcard Overlaps
When you use wildcards to create QLLC maps for service records with multiple
mappings, you may inadvertently define maps that overlap, For example, if you
have more than one map with the same adjacent MAC address, and you use the
“.*” (“Don’t Care”) wildcard for one of the maps, by definition the maps overlap.
In this situation, the router software searches the maps according to the rules in
the next section, and forwards the data according to the first applicable map.
Searching the Maps
The software searches the maps in reverse ASCII order as follows:
•

Lowercase alpha characters, f to a

•

Uppercase alpha characters, F to A

•

9 to 0

•

Special characters in reverse order to how they appear in the ASCII character
set

For more information, see Appendix G, “ASCII Character Set.”

Individual Station-to-Host Mapping
To map each endstation to a host, you assign a virtual MAC address to the X.25
device, and map that MAC address to the device’s X.121 address. You also assign
a virtual X.121 address to the DLSw device, and map that address to the DLSw
device’s MAC address. These mappings set a path for forwarding data between an
X.25 VC and a specific remote DLSw device. You must configure one mapping
entry for each VC.
You can use mappings of this sort for either traffic that originates from
endstations, or for traffic that originates from hosts. For instructions on using Site
Manager to configure station-to-host mappings, see Chapter 8, “Configuring
QLLC.”

303547-A Rev 00

D-15

Appendix E
X.25 PAD Technical Supplement

This appendix provides information about:
Topic

Page

The isdb Subcommands

E-1

X.25 PAD Cause Codes

E-25

The isdb Subcommands
You can manage the ISDB and view ISDB data for your network by issuing the command
isdb with subcommands.

Using the isdb help Command
You can list and review all isdb subcommands by entering the following command line at
either the Technician Interface or BCC (Bay Command Console) prompt:
help isdb

This command also displays the correct syntax and available parameters for the command
isdb.

Using isdb Subcommands
Table E-1 lists and describes all ISDB subcommands. Directions for using the start, stop,
reset , download, and upload commands are in Chapter 7, Configuring X.25 PAD.
Expanded definitions for the remaining subcommands, which display statistics about the
state of the ISDB, follow Table E-1.

303547-A Rev 00

E-1

Configuring X.25 Services

Use the following syntax for the isdb command and subcommands.
isdb [-s ] [-c ] [-p ] [:]
isdb

Refers to the isdb command, which allows you to view
data from the ISDB.

Is the subcommand.

Is the number of the slot.

Is the number of the connector.

Is the number of the serial port.

Is the volume number.

Is the name of the ISDB image.

Table E-1.

ISDB Subcommands

Subcommand

Description

start

Starts the ISDB executable file. Whenever the X.121 address or
subaddress changes, you must execute the start command for the
changes to take effect.

stop

Stops the ISDB executable file.

reset

Resets ISDB hardware.

download

Downloads the ISDB executable file.

upload

Uploads the ISDB executable.

status

Describes the state of the ISDB subsystem. Execute this command to
quickly determine whether the IDSB has started, stopped, or is
recovering. You can also verify the state of a download or upload
operation.

padcfg

Displays X.25 PAD global configuration information

padportcfg

Displays X.25 PAD port configuration information.

pad

Displays X.25 PAD global statistics.

padport

Displays X.25 PAD port statistics.

padports

Displays X.25 PAD port statistics for all ports.

portcfg

Displays ISDB port configuration information.
(continued)

E-2

303547-A Rev 00

X.25 PAD Technical Supplement
Table E-1.

ISDB Subcommands (continued)

Subcommand

Description

port

Displays ISDB port statistics.

ports

Displays ISDB port statistics for all ports.

scc

Displays ISDB channel statistics.

info

Displays ISDB resource information.

isdb status
Describes the state of the ISDB subsystem, and includes the following statistics. Execute this
command to quickly determine whether the IDSB has started, stopped, or is recovering. You can
also verify the state of a download or upload operation.
Connector

Connector 1
Connector 2

ISDB resides in the top slot of the ARN.
ISDB resides in the bottom slot of the ARN.

Connector State

started

The GAME subsystem is initialized, or either the isdb
start or isdb reset command is issued.

stopped

The isdb start, isdb stop, or isdb reset command is
issued.

recover

Connector State changes from started to recover when
any of the following occurs:
• The ISDB does not answer polls for one minute.
• The ISDB performs a warm start and communicates
this to the GAME ISDB subsystem.
• The ISDB faults and is able to communicate the fault to
the GAME ISDB subsystem.

303547-A Rev 00

E-3

Configuring X.25 Services
Poll Gate State

Transfer in Progress

The Connector State is started, and the ISDB
successfully answers polls.

down

The connector state is stopped or recover, or the ISDB
was reset when the GAME ISDB subsystem initialized.

init

The connector state is started or recover, and an ISDB
whoami message is received. A connector up message is
then sent to the ISDB. If the ISDB acknowledges this
message, the Poll Gate State changes to up, and polls are
sent to the ISDB.

none

Neither a file transfer nor a flash burn is occurring.

transfer

A download or upload is occurring.

burn

A successful download has occurred, and the flash is
being updated with this new image.

Transfer Bytes

Transfer Direction

none

No download or upload in progress.

Upload in progress.

down

Download in progress.

Burn Time

The number of seconds into a flash burn. Valid only when
Transfer in Progress is burn.

Recover Time

The number of seconds that Connector State has been
recover.

Sequence

The sequence number of the current poll message that is
sent to the ISDB image to see if it is alive. Polls are sent
only when Connector State is started.

Limit

The last acknowledged Sequence + the Poll Increment 1. If the Sequence is greater than this number, the
Connector State changes from started to recover.

Auto Restart

E-4

If Transfer in Progress shows transfer, then this value is
the number of bytes of the file transfer that has been
completed.

The ISDB subsystem restarts the ISDB when it
determines that the ISDB has failed.

off

The ISDB subsystem does not restart the ISDB when it
determines that the ISDB has failed.
303547-A Rev 00

X.25 PAD Technical Supplement
Auto ULD

HW Command Trace

DownUP Trace

The ISDB subsystem uploads the ISDB DRAM contents
when it detects an ISDB failure.

off

The ISDB subsystem does not upload the ISDB DRAM
contents when it detects an ISDB failure.

Debug information is logged during when certain
hardware commands are issued to the ISDB.

off

Debug information is not logged.

Debug information is logged during download or upload
operations.

off

Debug information is not logged.

Seconds Per Poll

The interval between polls sent to the ISDB.

Poll Increment

Equals 60 divided by the value for Seconds Per Poll.

Ctrl GH
MIB GH
TI GH
DownUP GH
Driver GH
Poll GH

These are gate handles or task IDs of the GAME ISDB
subsystem. The non-zero values of these parameters are
meaningful only to Bay Networks Engineering. If any of
these parameters remains equal to zero after the ISDB
initializes, an error has occurred.

Sample Display - isdb status
Connector
Ctrl GH
MIB GH
TI GH
DownUp GH
Driver GH
Poll GH
Sequence

303547-A Rev 00

1
c00001aa
c000209b
c0002099
c000209a
c0002093
c00020aa
15

Connector State
Poll Gate State
Transfer In Progress
Transfer Bytes
Transfer Direction
Burn Time
Recover Time
Limit

started
up
none
0
none
0
0
26

Auto Restart
on
Auto Uld
off
HW Command Trace off
Downup Trace
off
Poll Increment
12
Seconds Per Poll

E-5

Configuring X.25 Services

isdb padcfg
Displays the following X.25 PAD global configuration information:
State

Displays whether X.25 PAD services are enabled, disabled or not
used on this interface.

Slot

Slot number that X.25 PAD services are running on.

Connector

Connector is 1: ISDB resides in the top slot of the ARN.
Connector is 2:ISDB resides in the bottom slot of the ARN.

Local X.121

Specifies the X.121 address assigned to this interface. The X.25
network service provider supplies the X.121 address.

DNIC

A Data Network Identification Code (DNIC) is an address the
router uses to reach a host residing on a different packet-switched
network. It is the data equivalent of a telephone number with
country code and area code, typically a 4 digit number; the first 3
digits specify a country, and the fourth specifies a PDN within that
country.

LCN Low

Specifies the lowest logical channel number that the router has
assigned for bidirectional logical channels.

LCN High

Specifies the highest logical channel number that the router has
assigned for bidirectional logical channels.

Subaddress Length

The length of the subaddress from 0 to 8. A subaddress is the
address for a particular application or program on the network.

Sample Display - isdb padcfg

State
Connector
Local X.121
LCN Low
SubAddress Length

E-6

enabled Slot
1
31105080044 DNIC
4
1 LCN High
2

303547-A Rev 00

X.25 PAD Technical Supplement

isdb padportcfg
Displays the following X.25 PAD port configuration information:
State

Displays whether X.25 PAD services are enabled, disabled or not
used on this interface.

Slot

Slot number that X.25 PAD services are running on.

Connector

Connector is 1: ISDB resides in the top slot of the ARN.
Connector is 2:ISDB resides in the bottom slot of the ARN.

Subaddress

The subaddress portion of an X.121 address that is used by an
application, and is transparent to the network. The subaddress
length must be less than or equal to the value that was set for the
Global X.25 PAD Subaddress Length parameter.

Subaddress Length

Length of the port subaddress ranging from 1 to 8.

Escape

When the PAD receives this character, it changes from receiving
and transmitting data to its command state. In its command state
the PAD awaits commands from the character terminal.
Options: 0 | 1 | 32 to 126
0 to disables the feature. There is no Escape character.
1 designates DLE to be the Escape character.
32 to 126 are user-defined characters.

Echo

Determines whether the DTE has its output sent back to it from the
PAD, where it would appear on either the terminal screen or as
output to a printer. An echo may be generated from the PAD or
from the host.
Options:
0 No Echo | 1 Echo | 2 Only Echo in Command Mode

Forward

Specifies keyboard characters that instruct the PAD to transmit
data. The PAD buffers data it receives from the character terminal
until it receives a data forwarding character. Then it assembles the
data in X.25 format and transmits it.
Options are:
0 No Data Forwarding Characters
1 Alphanumeric Characters
2 CR
4 ESC BELL ENQ ACK
8 DEL CAN DC2
16 ETX EOT
18 CR EOT ETX
64 Col 0 and 1 of IA5 except 2, 4, 8,16, 32
126 Options 2 + 4 + 8 + 16 + 32 + 64

303547-A Rev 00

E-7

Configuring X.25 Services

E-8

Idle

The amount of time that the X.25 PAD can be idle before it sends
any data that is in its character buffer. A value of 0 disables this
parameter, and the PAD sends data based on the value in the Data
Forwarding Character parameter above. The Idle parameter ranges
from 0 to 255, in units of 0.05 seconds (a value of 10 is half a
second).

Device

If the PAD has an intelligent terminal attached (such as a PC
transmitting data directly from its hard disk), the PAD may receive
data faster than it can process and forward. This parameter enables
the use of flow control that sends a character to the intelligent
terminal indicating that it should stop sending data (XON), or that
it can resume sending data when the congestion has cleared
(XOFF). You can use flow control in both command mode and data
transfer, or just in data transfer.
Options: 0 No XON/XOFF | 1 XON/XOFF | 2 XON/XOFF in
Command and Data Transfer

Signals

Service signals are messages sent from the PAD to the DTE in
response to external events such as the X.25 call being either
cleared or reset. This parameter determines the format of PAD
service signals.
Options are 0, 1, 4, 5
0 instructs the PAD to send no service signals.
1 sends service signals other than the prompt in standard form.
4 sends prompt only in standard form.
5 sends service signals and prompt in standard form.

Break

Defines how the host to which the PAD connects indicates a
problem. An example of a problem is receipt of a long, continuing
data stream that may indicate that the terminal is stuck in a loop, or
in constant transmit mode.
Options are 0, 1, 2, 4, 5, 8, 16, 21
0 indicates no action on receipt of a break message.
1 instructs the PAD to send an interrupt message to the host.
2 instructs the PAD to send a reset message to the host.
4 instructs the PAD to send an indication of the break message to
the DTE.
8 instructs the PAD to escape from data transfer state; The PAD
awaits a command.
16 instructs the PAD to discard output to the DTE.
21 enables options 1, 4, and 16.

303547-A Rev 00

X.25 PAD Technical Supplement
Discard

Determines whether data will be delivered to the DTE in the
normal manner or be discarded.
0 delivers data in the normal manner.
1 discards data.

CRpad

Specifies the number of padding characters to be inserted in a data
stream to the DTE after a carriage return. A value of 0 in this
parameter turns this feature off.
Options: 0 to 255

Folding

Specifies the number of characters per line that the PAD transmits
without inserting form effectors (carriage return, form feed, or line
feed).
Options: 0 to 255

Speed

Binary speed of the start-stop mode DTE. This is a read only
parameter.

Flow

Allows the DTE rather than the PAD to control the rate at which it
sends data by using XON and XOFF characters.
Options: 0 NO XON/XOFF disables flow control.
1 XON/XOFF enables flow control

LFinsert

Allows you to control the insertion of a linefeed.
Options: 0 to 7, except 3
0 disables the feature.
1 inserts a linefeed after a carriage return in the data stream to the
DTE.
inserts a linefeed after a carriage return in the data stream from the
DTE.
4 inserts a linefeed after a carriage return in the echo stream to the
DTE.
5 enables options 1 and 4.
6 enables options 2 and 4.
7 enables options 1, 2, and 4.

LFpad

Specifies the number of padding characters to be inserted in a data
stream to the DTE after a linefeed. A value of 0 in this parameter
turns this feature off.
Options: 0 to 255

Edit

Allows the character terminal to edit characters that are in a buffer
of the PAD awaiting transmission.
Options:
0 = No Edit in Data Transfer
1 = Edit in Data Transfer

303547-A Rev 00

E-9

Configuring X.25 Services

E-10

Cdelete

When the PAD detects the ASCII value you specify in this
parameter, it deletes the immediately preceding character. The
default value, 127, is the [DEL] character.
Options: 0 to 127

Ldelete

When the PAD detects the ASCII value you specify in this
parameter, it deletes the immediately preceding line, which is the
entire contents of the buffer if you use a carriage return for the line
forwarding character. The default value of 24 is the [Cancel]
character, which you generate by typing [Control + X] at the DTE
keyboard.
Options: 0 to 127

Ldisplay

This parameter allows the complete contents of the PAD buffer to
be displayed on a new line on the character terminal. You generate
the default value, 18, by typing [Control + R] at the DTE keyboard.
Options: 0 to 127

Esignals

Specifies how the PAD edits service signals. The Service Signals
parameter must be set to one of the transmit options for this
parameter to have meaning.
Options: 0, 1, 2, 8, 32 to 126
0 disables the feature.
1 edits PAD service signals for printing terminals.
2 edits PAD service signals for display terminals.
8 and 32 to 126 edit PAD service signals using the
character
that you specify in this range.

Mask

When the Echo parameter is on, this parameter allows you to limit
the kinds of characters to be echoed.
Options: 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128
0 NO ECHO MASK means that all characters are echoed.
1 NO ECHO OF CR means that carriage returns are not echoed.
2 NO ECHO OF LF means that linefeeds are not echoed.
4 NO ECHO OF VT HT FF means that those keys are not echoed.
8 NO ECHO OF BEL BS means that those keys are not echoed.
16 NO ECHO OF ESC ENQ means that those keys are not echoed.
32 NO ECHO OF ACK NAK STX SOH EOT ETB ETX means
that those keys are not echoed.
64 NO ECHO OF EDIT CHARACTERS means that the characters
set in the Character Delete, Line Delete and Line Display parameters are not echoed.
128 NO ECHO DEL, COL 0&1 NOT LISTED means that other
characters in columns 0 and 1 of IA5 and DEL are not echoed.

303547-A Rev 00

X.25 PAD Technical Supplement
Parity

Determines how the PAD treats parity.
Options: 0, 1, 2, 3
0 No Parity Check Generation disables parity check, and the eighth
bit is not used.
1 Parity Generation enables parity check
2 Parity Check Generation enables parity check and parity
generation.
3 No Parity/Transparent bit disable parity, and the eighth bit is
used to generate the extended character set

Page

Allows the PAD to send from 0 to 255 lines of data (a page) at a
time to the terminal. The PAD then stops transmission until it
receives any character from the terminal, at which point it sends
another page of data.
Options: 0 to 255 lines of data

User Data Length

Length of the User Data field which ranges from 0 to 16 bytes.

User Data

Specifies the user data field content inserted in the X.25 call
packet.

Raw Facilities Length

Length of the Raw Facilities field which ranges from 0 to 63 bytes.

Raw Facilities

Allows you to add support for facilities. To generate a call with
support for a facility, you must enter the appropriate facility code in
this parameter. You must also set the associated parameter at the
X.25 packet level to ON.

Reverse Charge

When you enable this parameter you authorize the DCE to transmit
to the DTE incoming calls that request reverse charging.

Throughput Class Neg

Permits the PAD to negotiate the throughput rate for virtual circuits
on this interface on a per-call basis. The receiving DTE may accept
the proposed rate or reply with a counterproposal.

Packet Size Neg

Permits the PAD to negotiate the packet size for virtual circuits on
this interface on a per-call basis. The receiving DTE may accept the
proposed size or reply with a counterproposal.

Window Size Neg

Permits the negotiation of window size. When you enable this
parameter, the router can negotiate the window size on a per-call
basis. The receiving DTE may accept the proposed size or reply
with a counterproposal.

Interval Timer

The amount of time that the X.25 PAD waits before forwarding the
current contents of its character buffer. The interval timer ranges
from 0 to 999, in units where 1 equals 10 milliseconds.

303547-A Rev 00

E-11

Configuring X.25 Services
Sample Display - isdb padportcfg
State
enabled
Slot
1
Connector
1
Port
1
Sub Address 01
Sub Address Length
2
Escape
1 Echo
1 Forward
2 Idle
0
Device
2 Signals
5 Break
4 Discard
0
CRpad
0 Folding
80 Speed
14 Flow
1
LFinsert
4 LFpad
0 Edit
1 Cdelete
127
Ldelete
24 Ldisplay
18 Esignals
2 Mask
0
Parity
3 Page
0
User Data Length
0
UserData 00000000000000000000000000000000
Raw Facilities Length 0
Raw Facilities
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
Reverse Charge
0000 Thoughput Class Neg
0000
Packet Size Neg
42070700 Window Size Neg
43020200
Interval Timer
0

isdb pad
Displays the following X.25 PAD global statistics:

E-12

State

Displays whether X.25 PAD services are enabled, disabled or not
used on this interface.

Slot

Slot number that X.25 PAD services are running on.

Connector

Connector is 1: ISDB resides in the top slot of the ARN.
Connector is 2:ISDB resides in the bottom slot of the ARN.

Total Connection Count

Total number of connections made to the X.25 Pad

Received RR Count

Number of receiver ready packets received by the PAD.

Transmitted RR Count

Number of receiver ready packets transmitted by the PAD.

Received RNR Count

Number of receiver not ready packets received by the PAD.

Transmitted RNR Count

Number of receiver not ready packets transmitted by the PAD.

Received Restart Count

Number of restart packets received by the PAD.

Transmitted Restart Cnt

Number of restart packets transmitted by the PAD.

303547-A Rev 00

X.25 PAD Technical Supplement
Sample Display - isdb pad
State
Connector
Received RR Count
Received RNR Count
Received Restart Count

enabled
1
0
0
1

Slot
Total Connection Count
Transmitted RR Count
Transmitted RNR Count
Transmitted Restart Cnt

1
0
0
0
1

isdb padport
Displays X.25 PAD port statistics, including the following:
State

Displays whether X.25 PAD services are enabled, disabled or not
used on this interface.

Slot

Slot number that X.25 PAD services are running on.

Connector

Connector is 1: ISDB resides in the top slot of the ARN.
Connector is 2: ISDB resides in the bottom slot of the ARN.

Port

Displays the port number, which ranges from 1 to 8.

Remote X.121

X.121 address of the remote X.25 Pad that is currently connected.
If there is no connection, remote X.121 will not be set.

LCN

Logical channel number for the current connection.

Call Duration

The duration of the call in seconds.

Receive Octets

Number of octets received on this PAD port.

Transmit Octets

Number of octets transmitted on this PAD port.

Receive Packets

Number of packets received on this PAD port.

Transmit Packets

Number of packets transmitted on this PAD port.

Receive RRs

Number of receiver ready packets received on this PAD port.

Transmit RRs

Number of receiver ready packets transmitted on this PAD port.

Receive RNRs

Number of receiver not ready packets received on this PAD port.

Transmit RNRs

Number of receiver not ready packets transmitted on this PAD port.

Receive Clears

Number of call clear packets received on this PAD port.

Transmit Clears

Number of call clear packets transmitted on this PAD port.

Receive Resets

Number of reset packets received on this PAD port.

Transmit Resets

Number of reset packets transmitted on this PAD port.

303547-A Rev 00

E-13

Configuring X.25 Services
Receive Calls

Number of call request packets received on this PAD port.

Transmit Calls

Number of call request packets transmitted on this PAD port.

Connects

Number of connections made to this PAD port.

Disconnects

Number of disconnects made to this PAD port.

Last Cause

Last cause code on this PAD port.

Last Diagnostic

Last diagnostic code on this PAD port.

Transmit RRs

Number of receiver ready packets transmitted on this PAD port.

Sample Display - isdb padport

State
Connector
Remote X.121
Call Duration
Receive Octets
Receive Packets
Receive RRs
Receive RNRs
Receive Clears
Receive Calls
Connects
Last Cause

enabled Slot
1 Port
LCN
0
0 Transmit Octets
0 Transmit Packets
0 Transmit RRs
0 Transmit RNRs
0 Transmit Clears
0 Transmit Calls
0 Disconnects
0 Last Diagnostic

1
1
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

isdb padports
Displays the following X.25 statistics for all ports:

E-14

Port

Number of the port that this display represents.

State

The state of the port. The port can be enabled, disabled, connected,
down, or unused.

Receive Packets

Number of packets received on this port.

Transmit Packets

Number of packets transmitted on this port.

Remote X.121

X.121 address of the remote X.25 PAD that is presently connected.

LCN

Logical channel number for the current connection.
303547-A Rev 00

X.25 PAD Technical Supplement
Sample Display - isdb padports
Port
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

State
enabled
down
down
down
down
down
down
down

Receive Packets Transmit Packets
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

Remote X.121 LCN
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

isdb portcfg
Displays the following ISDB port configuration information:

State

Displays whether X.25 PAD services are enabled, disabled or not
used on this interface.

Slot

Slot number that X.25 PAD services are running on.

Connector

Connector is 1: ISDB resides in the top slot of the ARN.
Connector is 2:ISDB resides in the bottom slot of the ARN.

Port

Displays the port number, which ranges from 1 to 8.

Baud Rate

Determines the baud rate configured on this port.
Options: 300 | 1200 | 2400 | 4800 | 9600 | 19200

Parity

Determines the type of parity configured on this port.
Options: None | Odd | Even

Data Bits

Determines the number of data bits per unit of data for this port.
Options: Five | Six | Seven | Eight

Stop Bits

Displays the bit that will indicate the end of a data segment for this
port.
Options: S1Bit | S15Bit | S2Bit

Receive Xoff

Enables or disables flow control from the terminal to the ISDB
asynchronous port.
Options: Enable | Disable

Transmit Xoff

Enables or disables flow control from the ISDB to the terminal on
the ISDB asynchronous port.
Options: Enable | Disable

303547-A Rev 00

E-15

Configuring X.25 Services

E-16

Cts

DCE configuration of the clear to send signal for this ISDB port.
Options:
Always On | Always Off | Follow Flow Control | Follow RTS

Dsr

DCE configuration of the data set ready signal, which indicates that
the port is ready to send data.
Options:
Always On | Always Off | Follow DTR | Toggle on Disconnect

Dcd

The DCD is a signal from the DCE to the DTE indicating that it is
receiving a carrier signal from the DCE at the other remote end of
the connection.
Options: Always On | Always Off | Follow DTR | Follow VC

Dtr Notify

Determines whether an action is taken when the DTR signal
changes. A loss of the DTR signal results in the loss of
communication between the ISDB and the terminal.
Options: Enable | Disable

Receive Xoff Notify

Determines whether the PAD notifies the ISDB when a flow control change occurs.
Options: Enable | Disable

Inactivity Timeout

Async port is reset after the inactivity period. Inactivity period is
measured in seconds. Range of inactivity timer is 0 to 255.

Receive Queue

Size of the asynchronous port receive queue. Range is 8 to 8192.
This parameter should only be modified for debug purposes.

Transmit Queue

Size of the asynchronous port transmit queue. Range is 8 to 8192.
This parameter should only be modified for debug purposes.

Prompt

Character string to be used for asynchronous port prompt.

Parser

Default command parser for asynchronous port.
Options: Menu 1 | Test 2 | X25Pad 3

State

Current state of the asynchronous port on the ISDB. The ISDB port
can be enabled, disabled or unused.

Slot

Slot that the ISDB resides on.

303547-A Rev 00

X.25 PAD Technical Supplement
Sample Display - isdb portcfg

State
Connector
Baud Rate
Parity
Data Bits
Stop Bits
Receive Xoff
Transmit Xoff
Receive Queue
Prompt

[

enabled
1
9600
none
8
1
enabled
disabled
8192
]

Slot
Port
Cts
Dsr
Dcd
Dtr Notify
Receive Xoff Notify
Inactivity Timeout
Transmit Queue
Parser

1
1
always on
always on
always on
enabled
enabled
0
8192
x25pad

isdb port
Displays the following ISDB port statistics:

State

Displays whether X.25 PAD services are enabled, disabled or not
used on this interface.

Slot

Slot number that X.25 PAD services are running on.

Connector

Connector is 1: ISDB resides in the top slot of the ARN.
Connector is 2: ISDB resides in the bottom slot of the ARN.

Port

Displays the port number, which ranges from 1 to 8.

Receive Octets

Number of octets received on this asynchronous port.

Transmit Octets

Number of octets transmitted on this asynchronous port.

Receive Lacks

Number of lack of resources encountered while receiving on this
asynchronous port. A receive lack of resources occurs when the
ISDB receive queue is full.

Transmit Lacks

Number of lack of resources encountered when transmitting on this
asynchronous port. A transmit lack of resource occurs when the
ISDB transmit queue is full.

Receive Waits

Number of times a wait condition happened while trying to send
data between the ISDB receive queue and its application the X.25
PAD. The receive queue is ready to send data, but the application
may not be ready to receive it.

303547-A Rev 00

E-17

Configuring X.25 Services

E-18

Transmit Waits

Number of times a wait condition happened while sending data
between the application, X.25 PAD, and the ISDB transmit queue.
Instead of generating a lack of resource condition while sending to
a full transmit queue, the application decides to “wait” for conditions to change.

Breaks Detected

Number of breaks detected on this asynchronous port.

Parity Errors

Number of parity errors detected on this asynchronous port.

Framing Errors

Number of framing errors detected on this asynchronous port.

Overrun Errors

Number of overrun errors detected on this asynchronous port. An
overrun error occurs when we try to receive data and the ISDB
driver FIFO queue is already full.

Cts State

Current state of clear to send signal. Signal is on or off.

Cts Transitions

Number of times the clear to send signal has changed state.

Rts State

Current state of request to send signal. Signal is on or off.

Rts Transitions

Number of times the request to send signal has changed state.

Dsr State

Current state of data set ready. Signal is on or off.

Dsr Transitions

Number of times the data set ready signal has changed state.

Dcd State

Current state of data carrier detect. Signal is on or off.

Dcd Transitions

Number of times the clear to send signal has changed state.

Dtr State

Current state of data terminal ready. Signal is on or off.

Dtr Transitions

Number of times the data terminal ready signal has changed state.

Receive Interrupts

Number of receive interrupts on this asynchronous port.

Transmit Interrupts

Number of transmit interrupts on this port.

Modem Interrupts

Number of modem interrupts on this port.

Special Characters

Number of times XON/XOFF changes are detected.

Receive State

Hardware chip is enabled or disabled for receiving.

Transmit State

Hardware chip is enabled or disabled for transmitting.

Receive Flow State

ISDB either suspends or resumes output to the remote terminal.

Transmit Flow State

Remote terminal either suspends or resumes output to the ISDB.

303547-A Rev 00

X.25 PAD Technical Supplement
Sample Display - isdb port

State
Connector
Receive Octets
Receive Lacks
Receive Waits
Breaks Detected
Framing Errors
Cts State
Rts State
Dsr State
Dcd State
Dtr State
Receive Interrupts
Modem Interrupts
Receive State
Transmit State

enabled
1
0
0
0
0
0
on
on
on
on
on
0
0
enabled
enabled

Slot
Port
Transmit Octets
Transmit Lacks
Transmit Waits
Parity Errors
Overrun Errors
Cts Transitions
Rts Transitions
Dsr Transitions
Dcd Transitions
Dtr Transitions
Transmit Interrupts
Special Characters
Receive Flow State
Transmit Flow State

1
1
3
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
6
0
normal
normal

isdb ports
Displays the following ISDB port statistics for all ISDB asynchronous ports:

Port

Displays the port number, ranging from 1 to 8.

State

Current state of the asynchronous port on the ISDB. The
asynchronous port can be in the following states: up, down, or init.

Receive Octets

Number of octets received on this asynchronous port

Transmit Octets

Number of octets transmitted on this asynchronous port.

Signal States

Displays the current state of the following five signals: clear to
send, request to send, data set ready, data carrier detect, and data
terminal ready. The signal is enabled if it is in capital letters and is
disabled if it is in lowercase letters.

303547-A Rev 00

E-19

Configuring X.25 Services
Sample Display - isdb ports
Port
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

State
enabled
enabled
enabled
enabled
enabled
enabled
enabled
enabled

Receive Octets Transmit Octets Signal States
0
3
CTS RTS DSR DCD
0
0
CTS rts DSR DCD
0
0
CTS rts DSR DCD
0
0
CTS rts DSR DCD
0
0
CTS rts DSR DCD
0
0
CTS rts DSR DCD
0
0
CTS rts DSR DCD
0
0
CTS rts DSR DCD

DTR
dtr
dtr
dtr
dtr
dtr
dtr
dtr

idsb scc
Displays the following ISDB channel statistics. These statistics correspond to the traffic
that is taking place between the ISDB and the router across the router backplane.

E-20

State

Displays whether X.25 PAD services are enabled, disabled or not
used on this interface.

Slot

Slot number that X.25 PAD services are running on.

Connector

Connector is 1: ISDB resides in the top slot of the ARN.
Connector is 2: ISDB resides in the bottom slot of the ARN.

Rx Frames

Number of frames received by the ISDB across the backplane.

Tx Frames

Number of frames transmitted by the ISDB to the router across the
backplane.

Rx Octets

Number of octets received by the ISDB across the backplane.

Tx Octets

Number of octets transmitted by the ISDB to the router across the
backplane.

Rx Lacks

Number of receive frames dropped due to a lack of resources.

Tx Lacks

Number of transmit frames dropped due to a lack of resources.

Rx Datalink Msg Lacks

Number of receive datalink messages dropped due to a lack of
resources. A datalink message is a message that uses LAPB as its
datalink header.

Rx Management Msg Lacks

Number of receive management messages dropped due to a lack of
resources. A management message is a message that is used for
MIB queries.
303547-A Rev 00

X.25 PAD Technical Supplement
Tx Messages

Number of messages originated by the ISDB and sent to the driver
for transmission.

Rx Interrupts

Number of interrupts that have been triggered on the ISDB due to
receiving frames.

Tx Interrupts

Number of interrupts that have been triggered on the ISDB due to
transmitting frames.

Rx Datalink Frames

Number of frames that have been received by the ISDB that used
LAPB as their datalink header.

Tx Datalink Frames

Number of frames that have been transmitted by the ISDB that
used LAPB as their datalink header.

Rx Datalink Discards

Number of receive datalink frames that have been discarded
because LAPB on the ISDB has not been started.

Rx Management Frames

Number of management frames that have been received by the
ISDB. Management frames are sent between the router and the
ISDB to resolve mib queries.

Tx Management Frames

Number of management frames that have been transmitted by the
ISDB. Management frames are sent between the router and the
ISDB to resolve mib queries.

Rx Unknown Frames

Number of frames received by the ISDB that are neither datalink
frames nor management frames.

Tx Unknown Frames

Number of frames transmitted by the ISDB that are neither datalink
frames nor management frames.

Rx Large Frames

Number of frames received by the ISDB that are larger than 261
bytes.

Rx Small Frames

Number of frames received by the ISDB that are smaller than 2
bytes.

Tx Large Messages

Number of messages that the ISDB tries to send to the driver but
cannot because the composed message is larger than 261 bytes.

Tx Small Messages

Number of messages that the ISDB tries to send to the driver but
cannot because the composed message is smaller than 2 bytes.

Rx Incomplete Frames

Number of frames received by the ISDB that have not been chained
together correctly. Upon receipt of frames the driver does not find
the first in frame and last in frame flags to be set correctly.

Tx Aborted Frames

Number of frames that have been transmitted during which the
clear to send signal has been lost.

Rx Overflows

Number of times the ISDB driver FIFO (first-in-first-out) queue
was full while it was trying to receive a frame.

303547-A Rev 00

E-21

Configuring X.25 Services
Tx Underflows

Number of times the ISDB driver FIFO queue was empty while it
was trying to transmit a frame.

Rx Bad Frames

Number of frames that the ISDB received that have the following
errors. First the ISDB received a frame that contained a number of
bits not exactly divisible by eight. Second the ISDB received a
frame with a minimum of seven consecutive ones or third the ISDB
received a frame that contained a CRC error.

Rx Runts

Number of frames that the ISDB received where the
carrier detect signal was negated during frame reception.

Sample Display - isdb scc

State
Connector
Rx Frames
Rx Octets
Rx lacks
Rx Datalink Msg Lacks
Rx Management Msg Lacks
Rx Interrupts
Rx Datalink Frames
Rx Datalink Discards
Rx Management Frames
Rx Unknown Frames
Rx Large Frames
Rx Small Frames
Rx Incomplete Frames
Rx Overflows
Rx Bad Frames
Rx Runts

E-22

up
1
932
20125
0
0
0
931
304
0
628
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

Slot
Tx Frames
Tx Octets
Tx Lacks

1
933
20273
0

Tx Messages
Tx Interrupts
Tx Datalink Frames

93
933
303

Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx

630
0
0
0
0
0

Management Frames
Unknown Frames
Large Messages
Small Messages
Aborted Frames
Underflows

303547-A Rev 00

X.25 PAD Technical Supplement

isdb info
Displays ISDB resource information, including the following:

State

State of the ISDB. The ISDB can be in the following states: up or
down.

Slot

Slot that the ISDB resides on.

Connector

Connector is 1: ISDB resides in the top slot of the ARN.
Connector is 2: ISDB resides in the bottom slot of the ARN.

Version

Version of the ISDB image.

Start Count

Number of times the isdb start command has been issued to the
ISDB.

Author Unknown

If this statistic is non-zero, the ISDB has detected a non-fatal event
that is unusual to the operation of the ISDB. This statistic may be
used in conjunction with debug efforts to detect if a condition has
occured on the ISDB.

Current Connections

Number of presently connected X.25 PAD sessions.

Total Connections

Number of connections made to the X.25 PAD during the time that
the ISDB has been running. The isdb reset command will
re-initialize the total connection count to zero.

Current CPU Idle

Number of cycles that have been run on the ISDB since the last
isdb info command has been run. This statistic will be zero and
will not be applicable when the ISDB is running in X.25 PAD
mode.

Total CPU Idle

Total number of cycles that have been run on the ISDB since it has
been booted up. This statistic will be zero and will not be applicable when the ISDB is running in X.25 PAD mode.

Free Memory

Current free memory that resides on the ISDB.

Largest Memory Block

Current largest memory block that resides on the ISDB.

Msg Queue Lacks

Number of times a lack of resources happened while trying write
data into the message queue.

Hardware Timeouts

Number of times that a fatal error occurred on the ISDB that caused
the ISDB to timeout.

Alarm Count

Number of times that a fatal error occurred on the ISDB that caused
the ISDB to register an alarm.

303547-A Rev 00

E-23

Configuring X.25 Services

E-24

Autovector 1 Interrupts

An autovector 1 interrupt indicates that a fatal error has happened
on the ISDB.

Autovector 2 Interrupts

Number of asynchronous data transmit interrupts that have
occurred on all eight ports of the ISDB.

Autovector 3 Interrupts

Number of modem interrupts that have occurred on all eight ports
of the ISDB. A modem interrupt happens when DTR or RTS
signals change.

Autovector 4 Interrupts

An autovector 4 interrupt indicates that a fatal error has happened
on the ISDB.

Autovector 5 Interrupts

Number of data receive interrupts that have occurred on all eight
ports on the ISDB.

Autovector 6 Interrupts

An autovector 6 interrupt indicates that a fatal error has happened
on the ISDB.

Autovector 7 Interrupts

An autovector 7 interrupt indicates that a fatal error has happened
on the ISDB.

Scc Interrupts

Number of interrupts that have occurred while the ISDB has
been transmitting and receiving data on all eights of its ports.

Error Interrupts

Number of error interrupts that have occurred on the ISDB. An
error interrupt indicates that a fatal error has occurred.

Bus Errors

Number of fatal bus errors that have occurred on the ISDB.

Timer 1 Interrupts

System clock interrupts. One timer 1 interrupt equals 10 ms.

Timer 2 Interrupts

Interrupt used internally for debug.

Timer 3 Interrupts

Interrupt used internally for debug.

Timer 4 Interrupts

Interrupt used internally for debug.

303547-A Rev 00

X.25 PAD Technical Supplement
Sample Display - isdb info
isdb info -c1
State
Connector
Start Count
Current Connections
Current CPU Idle
Free Memory
Task Count
Hardware Timeouts
Autovector 1 Interrupts
Autovector 3 Interrupts
Autovector 5 Interrupts
Autovector 7 Interrupts
Error Interrupts
Timer 1 Interrupts
Timer 3 Interrupts

up
1
0
0
0
332568
13
0
0
0
0
0
0
304975
0

Slot
Version
Author Unknown
Total Connections
Total CPU Idle
Largest Memory Block
Msg Queue Lacks
Alarm Count
Autovector 2 Interrupts
Autovector 4 Interrupts
Autovector 6 Interrupts
Scc Interrupts
Bus Errors
Timer 2 Interrupts
Timer 4 Interrupts

1
122
0
0
0
332480
0
0
6
0
0
1879
0
304872
0

X.25 PAD Cause Codes
If an X.25 PAD receives a Clear, Reset, or Restart request, it forwards the packet
with cause and diagnostic code transparently. If the PAD detects an error, it
generates a packet with the X.25 PAD specific cause and diagnostic code, and
displays the error message on the X.25 PAD command line.
Error Condition

Cause Code

Clear Cause Codes
DTE originated

0xx00

Number busy

0x01

Invalid facility request

0x03

Network congestion

0x05

Out of order

0x09

Code access barred

0x0B

Not obtainable

0x0D

RPE

0x11

LPE

0x13

RCA not subscribed

0x19

(continued)
303547-A Rev 00

E-25

Configuring X.25 Services

Error Condition

Cause Code (continued)

Incompatible destination

0x21

FSA not subscribed

0x29

PAD originated

0x3F

Private network originated

0x80

RPOA out of order

0x15

Reset Cause Codes
DTE originated

0x00

Out of order

0x01

RPE

0x03

LPE

0x05

Network congestion

0x07

Remote DTE operational

0x09

Network operational

0x0F

Incompatible destination

0x11

Network out of order

0x1D

PAD resetting

0x3F

Restart Cause Codes
LPE

0x00

Network congestion

0x03

Network operational

0x07

Diagnostic Codes
No additional information

0x00

Facility not allowed

0x40

Facility code not allowed

0x41

Facility parameter not allowed 0x42
Invalid called address

0x43

Invalid calling address

0x44

Invalid facility length

0x45

Packet too long

0x27

Packet type not compatible
with facility

0x2A

(continued)

E-26

303547-A Rev 00

X.25 PAD Technical Supplement

Error Condition

Cause Code (continued)

Invalid PS

0x01

Invalid PR

0x02

Invalid packet type

0x10

Invalid pkt RST_EXT state

0x11

Invalid Pkt RST_INT state

0x12

Invalid packet for XP0

0x14

Invalid packet for P2

0x15

Invalid packet for XP1

0x16

Invalid packet for XP2

0x17

Invalid packet for P5

0x18

Invalid packet for XP3

0x19

Invalid packet for d1

0x1B

Invalid packet for XP7

0x1D

Packet not allowed

0x20

Unidentifiable packet

0x21

Call on one way LCN

0x22

Invalid packet for PVC

0x23

LCN not assigned

0x24

Reject not subscribed

0x25

Packet too short

0x26

Invalid GFI

0x28

Non zero LCN

0x29

Invalid facility

0x2A

Unauthorized INTC

0x2B

Unauthorized INT

0x2C

Unauthorized REJ

0x2D

Time expired

0x30

Time expired for CAR

0x31

Time expired for CLR

0x32

Time expired for RES

0x33

(continued)

303547-A Rev 00

E-27

Configuring X.25 Services

Error Condition

Cause Code (continued)

Time expired for RST

0x34

Incoming call barred

0x46

No LCN available

0x47

Call collision

0x48

Duplicate facility request

0x49

Non zero address length

0x4A

Non zero facility length

0x4B

Facility not provided

0x4C

Improper cause from DTE

0x51

Inconsistent Q-bit setting

0x53

Network-Specific Diag Info

0x80

Inacitivity timer expired

0x81

M-bit violation

0x6F

Remote network problem

0x71

Internetwork protocol problem 0x72

E-28

Internetwork link out of order

0x73

Internetwork link busy

0x74

Internetwork routing problem

0x77

Unknown called DNIC

0x7A

Unknown calling DNIC

0x61

Invalid utility length

0x65

303547-A Rev 00

Appendix F
IPEX Cause and Diagnostic Codes

If IPEX receives a Disconnect Request from TCP or a Disconnect Indication from
Packet Layer Protocol (PLP), IPEX forwards the packet with cause and diagnostic
code transparently.
If IPEX detects an error, a Clear Request packet with IPEX specific cause and
diagnostic code is generated and sent to PLP. The lists of IPEX cause and
diagnostic codes follows.

IPEX Originated Cause Code in Disconnect Request Packet
IPEX_X25_CAUSE_OPERATIONAL

0x09

IPEX Originated Diagnostic Codes in Clear Request Packet
IPEX Cause/Diagnostic Code

Error Condition

(0x09, 0x60)

TCP gate failed.

(0x09, 0x61)

IPEX session failed.

(0x09, 0x62)

IPEX mapping is disabled.

(0x09, 0x63)

IPEX cct is not up.

IPEX Originated Diagnostic Codes Due to TCP Error
When IPEX detects a TCP error, it maps the TCP error status code into X.25
diagnostic code by adding 0x20 to TCP error status code.

303547-A Rev 00

F-1

Configuring X.25 Services

The mapping table follows:

F-2

IPEX Cause/Diagnostic
Code

TCP Error

Error Condition

(0x09, 0x84)

0x64

Disconnect is per user request.

(0x09, 0x85)

0x65

Disconnect reason is unknown to TCP.

(0x09, 0x86)

0x66

Network management deleted/disabled all of
TCP connection.

(0x09, 0x87)

0x67

The remote TCP disconnected.

(0x09, 0x88)

0x68

TCP panicked somewhere.

(0x09, 0x89)

0x69

IP registration failed.

(0x09, 0x8a)

0x6a

Buffer could not be allocated.

(0x09, 0x8b)

0x6b

GAME RPC call timeout with no response.

(0x09, 0x8c)

0x6c

Another connection exists with the same socket
definitions.

(0x09, 0x8d)

0x6d

An unexpected disconnect of the timer gate for
this connection occurred.

(0x09, 0x8e)

0x6e

TCP quit because a maximum number of
retries was reached on a (re)transmit without
acknowledgment from the remote TCP system.

(0x09, 0x8f)

0x6f

An unexpected disconnect of the client transmit
gate for this connection occurred.

(0x09, 0x90)

0x70

An unexpected disconnect of the client receive
gate for this connection occurred.

(0x09, 0x91)

0x71

The IP reassembly gate for the given interface
disconnected.

(0x09, 0x92)

0x72

TCP protocol error occurred.

(0x09, 0x93)

0x73

Connection was idle for too long.

(0x09, 0x94)

0x74

Client was idle for too long.

(0x09, 0x95)

0x75

Out of Sequence SYN received.

(0x09, 0x96)

0x76

TCP function called from wrong gate.

(0x09, 0x97

0x77

Normal close.

(0x09, 0x98)

0x78

Client (Interface) Error.

(0x09, 0x99)

0x79

No response to keep alive.

303547-A Rev 00

IPEX Cause and Diagnostic Codes

X.25 Originated Cause and Diagnostic Codes
Associated with Clear Request Packets
Cause Code

0x09

Diagnostic Code

Error Condition

Maintenance action.

Self-clearing of virtual circuits
out of order.

0x7a
P4_frozen state, T2 expired.
P4_wakeup.

DTE originated

Maintenance action.

Deregistration of PLP service
user.

0x00

0x7a

Local procedure error

Call setup or call clearing Local_calling state receives
problem.
call request (DCE).

0x13
0x40
Local procedure error

Not applicable packet in
state p1 (DTE).

Logical_channel_ready state
receives CCALL, CCLR.

0x13
0x14
Local procedure error

Not applicable packet in
state p2 (DCE).

Logical_channel_ready state
receives CCALL, CCLR.

0x13
0x15
Local procedure error

Not applicable packet in
state p3 (DTE).

0x13

P2_remote_calling state
receives CALL, CCALL,
CCLR, Invalid packet.

0x16
Local procedure error

Not applicable packet in
state p3 (DCE).

0x13

P2_local_calling state
receives CCLR, Invalid
packet.

0x16
Local procedure error

Not applicable packet in
state p2 (DCE).

Local_calling state receives
CCLR, Invalid packet.

0x13
0x15
Local procedure error

Not applicable packet in
state p4.

P4 state receives CALL,
CCALL, CCLR.

0x13
0x17

(continued)

303547-A Rev 00

F-3

Configuring X.25 Services

Cause Code

Diagnostic Code

Error Condition

Local procedure error

Not applicable packet in
state p5.

P2_collision state receives
CALL, CCLR, invalid.

0x13
0x18
Local procedure error

Not applicable packet in
state p6 (DCE).

0x13

P2_remote_clearing state
receives CALL, CCALL,
CCLR, invalid

0x19
Local procedure error

Not applicable packet in
state p7 (DTE).

0x13

P2_remote_clearing state
receives CALL, CCLR,
CCALL invalid

0x20
Local procedure error

Call connected
dog timer expired.

P2_local_calling state watch
T2 expired.

0x13
0x31
Local procedure error

Clear confirm watch
dog timer 1st expired.

0x13

P2_local_clearing state
T1 expired.

0x32
Local procedure error

Reset confirm watch
dog timer 2nd expired.

0x13

P2_SVC_setup state
T1 expired.

0x33
Local procedure error

Unidentifiable packet.

0x13

0x21 (33)

Local procedure error

Too short packet.

0x13

0x26 (38)

Local procedure error

Too long packet.

0x13

0x27 (39)

Local procedure error

Nonzero LCN.

0x13

0x29 (41)

Local procedure error

Not applicable packet in
state px.

Error in PLP2

0x13
0x13 + px

(continued)

F-4

303547-A Rev 00

IPEX Cause and Diagnostic Codes

Cause Code

Diagnostic Code

Error Condition

Local procedure error

Improper cause code
from DTE.

Error in PLP2

0x13
0x51 (82)
Local procedure error
0x13

Not acceptable
intermediate packet
length.

Error in PLP2

OX40 (64)
Local procedure error

Packet not conformant
with requested facility.

Error in PLP2

0x13
0x2a
Local procedure error

Nonzero address length
field.

Error in PLP2

0x13
0x4a
Unknown called address

Null

0x0d

0x00

Local procedure error

Invalid called DTE
address.

Error in PLP2

0x13
0x43
Local procedure error

Invalid calling DTE
address.

Error in PLP2

0x13
0x44
Invalid facility request

Unknown facility code.

0x03

0x41

Local procedure error

Duplicated facility code.

0x13

0x49

Invalid facility request

Facility parameter not
allowed.

Error in PLP2

0x03
0x42

(continued)

303547-A Rev 00

F-5

Configuring X.25 Services

Cause Code

Diagnostic Code

Error Condition

Local procedure error

Exceeding facility length.

Error in PLP2

0x13

0x45

Access barred

Not both way or one way
incoming LC.

Error in PLP2

0x0b
0x46
Access barred

Null

0x0b

0x00

Invalid facility

Not available facility
service.

Error in PLP2

Error in p1_local_restart.

0x03
0x4d
Local procedure error

Facility parameter not
allowed.

Negotiation Error in call
request packet in p1 state.

0x13
0x42
Out of order

Call setup or clearing
problem.

p2_remote_calling state timer
expired.

0x09
0x40
Local procedure error

Call setup or clearing
problem.

p2_local_calling state zt4
expired.

0x13
0x40

F-6

303547-A Rev 00

IPEX Cause and Diagnostic Codes

X.25 Originated Cause and Diagnostic Codes
Associated with Restart Packets
Cause Code

Diagnostic Code

Error Condition

Local procedure error

Packet type invalid for r1. Invalid event in state r1.

0x01

0x11 (17)

Local procedure error

Not applicable packet in
state r2 (DCE).

Invalid event in state r2.

0x01
0x12 (18)
Local procedure error

Not applicable packet in
state r3 (DTE).

Invalid event in state r3.

0x01
0x13 (19)
Local procedure error

Confirmation watchdog
timer first expiration.

Local Restart state, watchdog
timer expiration.

0x01
0x34 (52)
Local procedure error

Reject supported but not
subscribed to.

Error in p1_local_restart.

0x01
(0x21 (33)
Local procedure error

Unidentifiable packet.

0x01

0x26 (38)

Local procedure error

Too short packet.

0x01

0x26 (38)

Local procedure error

Too long packet.

0x01

0x27 (39)

Local procedure error

Nonzero LCN.

0x01

0x29 (41)

Local procedure error

Not applicable packet in
state r2.

Error in p1_local_restart.

Invalid packet.

0x01
0x12 (18)

(continued)

303547-A Rev 00

F-7

Configuring X.25 Services

Cause Code

Diagnostic Code

Error Condition

Network Operational
0x07

No additional information. In P1 restart local/remote
state receives Reset Ind.
0x00

DTE originated
0x00

No additional information. In P1 DTE_DXE_wait state
receives error packet or T4
expired.
0x00

X.25 Originated Cause and Diagnostic Codes
Associated with Diagnostic Packets
Cause Code

Diagnostic Code

Error Condition

DTE originated

Confirmation watchdog
timer second expiration.

Local restart state, watchdog
timer second expiration.

0x00
0x34 (52)
DTE originated

Unidentifiable packet.

0x00

0x21 (40)

DTE originated

Too short packet.

0x00

0x26 (38)

DTE originated

Invalid bits 5-8 (GFI).

0x00

0x28 (40)

DTE originated

Invalid LCN.

0x00

0x24 (40)

DTE originated

Too long packet.

0x00

0x27 (39)

DTE originated

Clear confirm watchdog
timer second expired.

0x00

Invalid packet in p1.

P2_local_clearing state. Clear
confirm watchdog timer
second expired.

0x32

F-8

303547-A Rev 00

IPEX Cause and Diagnostic Codes

X.25 Originated Cause and Diagnostic Codes
Associated with Reset Packets
Cause Code

Diagnostic Code

Error Condition

User defined

Local Restart state.

0xxx

Local procedure error

Confirmation watchdog
timer first expiration.

1. P3_local_reset state T1
expired.

0x33 (51)

2. P4_disabled-T1 expired.

Not applicable packet in
state d1.

P3_flow_control_ready state
received Reset Confirm.

0x05
Local procedure error
0x05
0x1b (27)
Local procedure error

Not applicable packet in
state d2 (DCE).

0x05

P3 _remote_reset state
received Reset Confirm or
invalid packet.

0x1c (28)
Local procedure error

Not applicable packet in
state d3 (DTE).

P3_local reset state received
Reset Confirm.

0x05
0x1d (29)
Local procedure error

Unidentifiable packet.

1. Error in p3_local_reset.

0x05

0x21 (33)

2. Error in P4_disabled.

Local procedure error
0x05

Reject but not subscribed 1. Error in p3_local_reset.
to.
0x25 (37)
2. Error in p4_disabled.

Local procedure error

Too short packet.

1. Error in p3_local_reset.

0x05

0x26 (38)

2. Error in p4_disabled.

Local procedure error

Too long packet.

1. Error in p3_local_reset.

0x05

0x27 (39)

2. Error in p4_disabled.

Local procedure error

Nonzero LCN.

1. Error in p3_local_reset.

0x05

0x29 (41)

2. Error in p4_disabled.

(continued)

303547-A Rev 00

F-9

Configuring X.25 Services

Cause Code

Diagnostic Code

Error Condition

Local procedure error

Not applicable packet in
state dx (DCE).

Error in p3_local_reset.

0x05
0x1b +dx
Local procedure error

Not applicable packet in
state dx (DCE).

Error in p3_local_reset.

0x05
0x1b +d?
Local procedure error

Forbidden packet on
PVC.

0x05

1.Error in p3_local_reset.
2. Error in p4_disabled.

0x23
Local procedure error

Bad PS.

Error in p3_local_reset.

0x05

0x01

Local procedure error

Bad PR.

0x05

0x02

Local procedure error

Bad Q bit.

0x05

0x53

Local procedure error

Improper case code from Error in p3_local_reset.
DTE.

Error in p3_local_reset.

0x05
0x51
Local procedure error

Not applicable interrupt
packet in this state.

INTR in p5_remote_interrup
state.

0x05
0x2c
Local procedure error
0x05

Not applicable interrupt
confirm packet in this
state.

CINTR in p5_remote_interrup
state.

0x2b
Not usable PVC

Not used.

0x1d

0x00

CINTR in p5_remote_interrup
state.

(continued)

F-10

303547-A Rev 00

IPEX Cause and Diagnostic Codes

Cause Code

Diagnostic Code

Error Condition

Network disorder

Not used.

Error in p4_disabled bad ps,
pr, q bit, cause.

0x00
Not used

Reset confirm. Watch
dog second expired.

0x00

Error in p4_disabled timer.
Reset confirm. Watch dog
timer second expired.

0x33

303547-A Rev 00

F-11

Appendix G
ASCII Character Set

This is the ASCII character set and equivalent values in decimal, octal, and hexadecimal.

303547-A Rev 00

G-1

Configuring X.25 Services

G-2

303547-A Rev 00

ASCII Character Set

303547-A Rev 00

G-3

Configuring X.25 Services

G-4

303547-A Rev 00

Index

A
Acceptance Format parameter, 2-4, A-23
acronyms, xvii
adjacent devices (QLLC), 1-24
Adjacent DTE/DCE X.121 Address parameter, A-84
Adjacent MAC Address parameter, A-85
Adjacent SAP Address parameter, A-88
AN/ASN routers
configuring LAPB, 1-6, 2-4
defaults for synchronous line parameters, 2-5

C
call processing
determining X.121 destination, 1-10
generating call requests, 1-11
transmitting data, 1-13
call request packet format, 1-11
call requests for X.25, 1-11
Call Retry parameter, A-34
Carriage Return Pad parameter, A-69

Ancillary Device Control parameter, A-66

CCITT Conformance parameter, A-24

APPN, using with QLLC, 8-2

Character Delete parameter, A-71

Async Port Flow Control parameter, A-82

Charging Information parameter, A-22

Client PDU Size parameter, A-26
Client Queue Size parameter, A-57

Baud Rate parameter, A-79

Client Response Timer parameter, A-26

Bidirectional SVC LCN Start parameter, A-9

clocking sources for X.25, 2-2

Blacker front-end (BFE) network
address type, A-4
description of, 1-7
enabling and disabling, A-38

Command/Response Address parameter, A-47

BN routers with Octal Sync, configuring LAPB, 1-6
BN/VME routers, defaults for synchronous line
parameters, 2-5
BofL parameter, default setting, 2-5
boundary, message, 1-21
Break parameter, A-68
Broadcast parameter, A-32

compression. See data compression
congestion, 1-16
Connection ID parameter, A-29
Control Field parameter, A-43
conventions, text, xvi
Cts (Clear to Send) parameter, A-80
CUG Bilateral Selection parameter, A-21
CUG Facility Format parameter, A-40
CUG Facility Type parameter, A-40
CUG Number parameter, A-41
CUG Outgoing Access parameter, A-21
CUG Selection parameter, A-20

303547-A Rev 00

Index-1

DTE, description of, 1-2
Dtr (Data Terminal Ready) Action parameter, A-83

Data Bits parameter, A-79
data circuit-terminating equipment. See DCE

data compression, enabling, 2-2, A-31
Data Forwarding Character parameter, A-65
data terminal equipment. See DTE
data transmission (X.25), 1-13
Dcd (Data Carrier Detect) parameter, A-81
DCE, description of, 1-2
DDN (Defense Data Network)
BFE network, enabling and disabling, A-38
description of, 1-7
enabling and disabling, A-4
service type, 2-5

Echo Mask parameter, A-74
Echo parameter, A-64
Edit PAD Service Signals parameter, A-73
Edit parameter, A-71
editing
global parameter, 4-2
network service record parameters, 4-3
packet-level parameters, 4-2
educational services, xx
Enable 1356 Multiplexing parameter, A-31

DDN BFE parameter, A-38

Enable Compression parameter, A-31

DDN IP Address parameter, A-5

Enable parameter
IPEX
global, A-49
mapping, A-56
ISDB global, 7-7
LAPB, A-42
packet-level, A-3
QLLC mapping, A-87
service record, A-27
X.25
global, A-2
X.25 PAD
global, A-61
ISDB global, A-78
ISDB port, A-79
port, A-63

Default Tx/Rx Pkt Length parameter, A-7
Default Tx/Rx Window Size parameter, A-6
defaults
IPEX global parameters, B-6
IPEX mapping parameters, B-6
ISDB global parameter, B-9
ISDB port parameters, B-9
LAPB parameters, B-5
QLLC parameters, B-10
X.25 global parameter, B-1
X.25 network service record parameters, B-4
X.25 packet-level parameters, B-1
X.25 PAD global parameters, B-7
X.25 PAD port parameters, B-8
deleting
IPEX from the router, 6-7
IPEX mapping table entries, 6-6

Enable Rx/Tx of XID Frames parameter, A-47

deleting X.25, 4-4

enabling
data compression, A-31
X.25 services, 3-1

Destination Connection Type parameter, A-55

Escape Character parameter, A-64

Destination PVC LCN parameter, A-55

Ethernet, 1-14

Destination X.121 Address parameter, A-57
Discard Output parameter, A-68
DLSw, 1-22

DLSw, using with QLLC, 8-2

Fast Select Accept parameter, A-18
service record, A-36

Dsr (Data Set Ready) parameter, A-81

Fast Select parameter, A-19

Index-2

303547-A Rev 00

mapping table, 6-2
mapping types, 1-19
mapping, configuring, 6-2
network interfaces, 1-15
overview, 1-14
PLP facilities supported, 1-17
PVC and SVC connection parameters, A-52
roles of X.25 and TCP protocol stacks, 1-20
sample network topology, 1-14
single-node switching, C-4
TCP connection parameters, A-55
troubleshooting, F-1
tunneling levels, 1-15

Fast Select Request parameter, A-36
FDDI, 1-14
First PVC LCN parameter, A-28
flow control, 1-16, 2-3, A-13, A-66, A-69, A-82
Flow Control Action parameter, A-83
Flow Control Negotiation parameter, 2-4, A-13
Flow Control parameter, A-69
Flow Facility parameter, 2-4, A-34
Full Addressing parameter, A-23

G
Generate XID parameter, A-87
global parameter, editing, 4-2

H
HDLC (High-level Data Link Control), 1-5

ISDB
configuring parameters, 7-6
Enable parameter, A-78
global Enable parameter, 7-7
isdb subcommands
syntax, 7-10
using, 7-13
port parameters, A-79
ISDB port parameters, 7-7
ISDN D channel, 2-8

Idle RR Frames parameter, A-47
Idle Session Timer parameter, A-58
Idle Timer parameter, A-66

K
Keep Alive Retransmit Count parameter, A-59

IDSB
isdb subcommands, definitions, 7-11

Keep Alive Retransmit Timer parameter, A-59

Inactivity Timeout parameter, A-82

Incoming Calls Accept parameter, A-17
Incoming SVC LCN Start parameter, A-8

LAN media, 1-14

Initiate Link Setup Action parameter, A-46

LAPB
description of, 1-5, 5-1
for AN or ASN routers, 2-4
parameters, editing, 5-2, A-42

Insert Called DTE Address parameter, A-50, A-54,
A-60
Interval Timer parameter, A-78
IP (Internet Protocol), 1-15
IP Encapsulation of X.25. See IPEX
IPEX (IP Encapsulation of X.25)
connection sequence, 1-17
connection summary, 1-19
description of, 1-7
global parameters, A-49
mapping example, C-1
mapping parameters, 6-2, A-51, A-56
303547-A Rev 00

layer 3 (PLP) interface, 1-16
LCNs, 1-13
Line Delete parameter, A-72
Line Display parameter, A-72
Line Folding parameter, A-69
Linefeed Insert parameter, A-70
Linefeed PAD parameter, A-70
Link Access Procedure Balanced protocol. See LAPB

Index-3

Link Address Type parameter, A-3

M-bit support, 1-21

list command, E-1

message boundary, 1-21

LN routers with Octal Sync, configuring LAPB, 1-6

message-based protocol, 1-20

load sharing, 2-2

Min Frame Spacing parameter, default setting, 2-5

Local Addr parameter, default setting, 2-5

MTU (maximum transmission unit), 1-21

local switching, C-4

MTU parameter, default setting, 2-5

Local TCP Port parameter, A-55

multiplexing, RFC 1356, 2-6, A-31

logical channel numbers. See LCNs

N
M
MAC Pool Size parameter, A-42

Network Address Type parameter, A-4

MAC Pool Start parameter, A-41

Network Control Program Packet Switching Interface.
See NPSI

Map Entry Name parameter, A-84

network layer protocols, 1-6

mapping
IPEX, 1-19, 6-2
parameters
IPEX, 6-2
table
adding an IPEX entry, 6-3
deleting IPEX entries, 6-6

Network Link Type parameter, A-48

Mapping Type parameter, A-52
mappings (QLLC)
station-to-host, D-15
Max Connections parameter, 2-2, A-32
Max Idle (Mins) parameter, A-33
Max Message Size parameter, A-49
Max N1 Frame Size (octets) parameter, A-44

network service records
adding, 3-4
deleting, 4-4
editing, 4-3
network services
Blacker front-end, 1-7
DDN, 1-7
IPEX, 1-7
QLLC, 1-7
X.25 Gateway, 1-7
Network Standard parameter, A-25
Network User Identification parameter, A-17
NPSI, 1-22

Max N2 Retries parameter, A-44

Number of Bidirectional SVC Channels parameter,
A-9

Max Packet Length parameter, 2-3, 2-4, A-15
and packet throughput, A-3

Number of Incoming SVC Channels parameter, A-8

Max T1 Acknowledge Timer (seconds) parameter,
A-45

Number of PVC Channels parameter, A-7

Max T2 Acknowledge Timer (seconds) parameter,
A-45
Max T3 Disconnect Timer (seconds) parameter, A-46
Max Throughput Class parameter, A-16
Max Window Size parameter, 2-3, 2-4
and packet throughput, A-3
packet-level, A-14
maximum transmission unit. See MTU

Index-4

Number of Outgoing SVC Channels parameter, A-9
Number of PVC LCN parameter, A-29

O
Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Basic Reference
Model, 1-3
Options parameter, A-89
Outgoing Calls Accept parameter, A-18
Outgoing SVC LCN Start parameter, A-10
303547-A Rev 00

PDN X.121/E.164 Address parameter, A-4
permanent virtual circuits. See PVCs

Packet Layer Protocol. See PLP
Packet Size Negotiation parameter, A-77

PLP, 1-15
Point-to-Point X.25 service. See PtoP

Packet Size parameter, 2-4, A-35
and packet throughput, A-3

port, TCP, 1-16, A-54

PAD (packet assembler/disassembler), description of,
1-3

Prepend DNIC parameter, A-62

Precedence parameter, A-33

Page Wait parameter, A-75

product support, xx

parameters
defaults, B-1
editing, 4-1
LAPB, A-42
network service record
Flow Facility, 2-4
Max Connections, 2-2
Packet Size, 2-4
Window Size, 2-4
packet-level
Acceptance Format, 2-4
Flow Control Negotiation, 2-4
Max Packet Length, 2-3, 2-4
Max Window Size, 2-3, 2-4
Release Format, 2-4
QLLC, A-84
synchronous line, 2-5
X.25
global, A-2
packet-level, A-3
service record, A-27
X.25 PAD
global, A-61
ISDB global, A-78
ISDB port, A-79
port, A-63

Promiscuous parameter, default setting, 2-5

Parity parameter
ISDB port, A-80
X.25 PAD port, A-75
partner devices (QLLC), 1-24
Partner DTE/DCE X.121 Address parameter, A-86
Partner MAC Address parameter, A-86
Partner SAP Address parameter, A-88
PDN (Public Data Network)
description of, 1-3, 1-7
enabling and disabling, A-4
303547-A Rev 00

Prompt parameter, A-81
protocol
IP, 1-15
message-based (X.25), 1-20
TCP, 1-20
unstructured stream (TCP), 1-20
X.25, 1-20
X.25 layer 3, 1-15
Protocol ID (PID) parameter, A-85
PtoP (Point-to-Point)
description of, 1-7, 2-8
public data network. See PDN
publications, Bay Networks, xix
PVC LCN parameter, A-28
PVC LCN Start parameter, A-8
PVCs
configuring for LAN services, 1-8
definition of, 1-8

Q
Q-bit (Qualified Data bit), 1-21
QLLC (Qualified Logical Link Control)
adding a mapping table entry, 8-2
adjacent devices, 1-23
and DLSw, 1-22
configuration examples, D-1
configuring, 8-2
deleting a mapping table entry for, 8-5
deleting from a router, 8-6
description of, 1-7, 1-22
mappings, station-to-host, D-15
parameters, coordinating X.25 packet size with
DLSw frame size, 1-25

Index-5

QLLC (Qualified Logical Link Control) (continued)
partner devices, 1-23
sequence of connections, 1-23
setting service record parameters for, 8-3
wildcards defined, 1-24

Source PVC LCN parameter, A-52

QLLC parameters, A-84

Stop Bits parameter, A-80

Source X.121 Address parameter, A-56
Station Type parameter, A-43
Statistics Computation parameter, A-25
stream protocol (TCP), 1-20

Subaddress Length parameter, A-62

Remote Addr parameter, default setting, 2-5

subcommands, isdb
definitions, 7-11
syntax, 7-10
using, 7-13

Remote Backup IP Address parameter, A-54

support, Bay Networks, xx

Remote IP Address parameter, A-30
IPEX, A-53
Remote TCP Port Number parameter, A-54

SVCs (switched virtual circuits)
and IPEX, 1-14
definition of, 1-8

Remote Terminal Flow Control parameter, A-82

switched virtual circuits. See SVCs

Remote X.121/E.164 Address parameter, A-30

switching, single-node, C-4

Restart Procedure Type parameter, A-6

Sync Polling parameter, default setting, 2-5

Reverse Charge Accept parameter, A-19
service record, A-37

synchronous line parameters, default settings, 2-5

Raw Facilities Data parameter, A-76
Release Format parameter, 2-4, A-24

Reverse Charge parameter, A-76

Reverse Charge Request parameter, A-37

T1 Timer parameter, A-11

Reverse Charging parameter, A-20

T2 Timer parameter, A-11

RFC 1356 multiplexing, 2-6, A-31

T3 Timer parameter, A-12

RPOA Selection parameter, A-22

T4 Timer parameter, A-12

S
sending data across X.25 WAN, 1-13
Sequence Size parameter, A-5
Service parameter, default setting, 2-5
service records
adding, 3-4
deleting, 4-4
editing, 4-3

TCP
interface, 1-16
large data messages, 1-21
port number, 1-16, A-54
protocol stack, 1-20
socket, 1-19
unstructured stream protocol, 1-20
technical publications, xix
technical support, xx
Technician Interface, 4-1, 6-1, 8-1

Service Signals parameter, A-67

text conventions, xvi

Service VC Type parameter, A-28
socket, 1-16, 1-19

Throughput Class Negotiation parameter
packet-level, A-16
X.25 PAD, A-77

Source Connection Type parameter, A-51

Token Ring, 1-14

single-node switching, C-4

Index-6

303547-A Rev 00

Trace parameter, A-90

Transit Delay parameter, A-23
Translate Calling X.121 Address parameter, A-60
Transmission Control Protocol. See TCP
transmission unit, maximum, 1-21
Transmit Window Size parameter, default setting, 2-5
transmitting data across X.25 network, 1-13
tunneling (IPEX), 1-15
Tx/Rx Throughput Class parameter, A-15
Type parameter, A-27

X.121 Address parameter, A-61
X.121 Called Address parameter, A-53
X.121 destination addresses, 1-10
X.121 Subaddress parameter, A-63
X.25
large data messages, 1-21
layer 3 (PLP) interface, 1-15
parameters
global, A-2
packet-level, A-3
service record, A-27
protocol stack, 1-20

Use Default Service Configuration parameter, A-10

X.25 Call User Data parameter, A-58

User Data parameter, A-76

X.25 Gateway, description of, 1-7

User Facility (hex) parameter, A-39

X.25 over the ISDN D channel, 2-8

V
VC (virtual circuit)
description of, 1-6
established by router, 1-11
virtual circuit
switched, 1-14

W
WAN Protocol parameter, A-48

X.25 PAD
choosing a service type, 7-3
configuring, 7-1
configuring ISDB port parameters, 7-7
configuring PAD ports, 7-3
enabling, 7-2
global parameters, 7-4, A-61
ISDB global Enable parameter, 7-7
ISDB global parameter, A-78
ISDB parameters, 7-6
ISDB port parameters, A-79
port parameters, 7-5, A-63

WAN Protocol parameter, default setting, 2-5
wildcards (QLLC)
characters to use, D-10
concatenating, D-11
making, D-10
mapping, 1-24
multi-character, D-13
overlapping, D-15
rules for configuring, D-13
Window Size Negotiation parameter, A-77
Window Size parameter, 2-4
and packet throughput, A-3
LAPB, A-44
service record, A-35

303547-A Rev 00

Index-7

Source Exif Data:

File Type                       : PDF
File Type Extension             : pdf
MIME Type                       : application/pdf
PDF Version                     : 1.2
Linearized                      : No
Page Count                      : 272
Page Mode                       : UseOutlines
Create Date                     : 1998:09:17 22:37:10
Producer                        : Acrobat Distiller 3.01 for Windows
Creator                         : PSCRIPT.DRV Version 4.0
Title                           : V13.00, Configuring X.25 Services
Author                          : BayRS Version 13.00
Subject                         : 303547-A Rev 00

EXIF Metadata provided by EXIF.tools

Avaya Configuring X 25 Services Users Manual V13.00, X.25

Navigation menu

Versions of this User Manual:

Views

Navigation