Emerson Liebert Dse Precision Cooling System 80 150Kw White Paper

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A Product Brief from the Experts

in Business-Critical Continuity™

Liebert® DSE™ with EconoPhase™:

Highest Efciency DX Cooling with pumped refrigerant economizer

Introducing the Liebert® DSE™ from

Emerson Network Power

In today’s data center, minimizing annual energy usage

while maintaining reliability is increasingly important. While

chilled-water loops operating at elevated temperatures

supported by water-side economizers have helped to

decrease energy usage, new innovations are changing how

the data center industry thinks about direct expansion (DX)

cooling infrastructures with respect to efciency, scalability

and reliability.

One such next generation DX system, the Liebert DSE

from Emerson Network Power, provides the following

key benets:

Industry-leading energy efciency among

DX systems

Hassle-free economization with Liebert EconoPhase™

Precise control and enhanced efciency through

intelligent controls

Uncompromising reliability and 24/7 support

This product brief will provide a thorough overview of

the Liebert DSE system and compare its unique design to

comparable DX and chilled-water cooling solutions you

may be considering for your data center. It also provides a

detailed explanation of the Liebert EconoPhase pumped

refrigerant economizer solution and share specic examples

for how cooling efciency can be maximized intelligently in

accordance with your data center’s ambient climate.

The Liebert DSE direct expansion cooling system comprises

four primary components: the Liebert DSE indoor computer

room air conditioning (CRAC) unit, the Liebert MC™

micro-channel outdoor condenser, the Liebert EconoPhase

pumped refrigerant economizer, and Liebert iCOM™

thermal system controls. The components operate in

harmony to provide the industry’s most energy efcient

operation for a room-based cooling system.

It is important to note that the Liebert DSE is a

complete, integrated system— not a collection

of disparate components.

The Liebert DSE direct expansion cooling system comprises four primary components: the Liebert DSE indoor computer room air

conditioning (CRAC) unit, the Liebert MC micro-channel outdoor condenser, the Liebert EconoPhase pumped refrigerant economizer

and Liebert iCOM control with thermal system manager.

Liebert MC: Intelligent, high

efficiency condensers

Liebert EconoPhase: First ever

pumped refrigerant economizer

Liebert iCOM

Thermal System Controls

Liebert DSE Indoor Unit: Next

generation data center cooling system

2

Indoor CRAC Unit Designed with

State-of-the-art Technologies

The Liebert® DSE™ indoor unit (DA080, DA085, DA125

or DA150) is equipped with several high-technology

components that are designed and controlled to work

together to provide a highly efcient and reliable DX system.

Key technologies serve the following functions to enhance

energy efciency and performance:

Digital scroll compressors match cooling to

IT load

Staged evaporator coil reduces compressor power and

optimizes economizer performance

Electronic expansion valve enables part-load and low

ambient efciency

Electronically commutated (EC) plug fans match

airow to server needs

To maximize efciency and control at full and partial

loads, the Liebert DSE is equipped with variable capacity

digital scroll compressor technology and direct-drive,

variable-speed EC fans, which are modulated to respond

to and match changes in room load. Varying the capacity

of the compressors enables them to run at a more efcient

operating point than at full capacity. A staged evaporator

coil inside of the unit enables each refrigerant circuit to

operate over large coil surface area, increasing system

efciency. Alternative coil lacing designs that circulate

refrigerant through only one coil slab can result in air passing

through dormant coils, resulting in lower circuit efciency and

uneven air distribution across the coils.

The CRAC’s variable-speed, direct-drive EC fans enable

air volume to be precisely adjusted to match the needs

of the server load. The Liebert DSE’s indoor unit also is

equipped with electronic expansion valves, which enable

compressors to modulate to a lower head pressure than

traditional mechanical expansion valves (TXVs), resulting in

lower operating costs during mild temperatures.

Highly efficient Micro-Channel

Condenser Design

The Liebert® MC™ condenser integrated into the Liebert

DSE system enables the system to achieve higher efciency,

reduced sound levels, reduced refrigerant charge and an

overall decreased footprint. As shown in Figure 1, micro-

channel condensers such as those found in the Liebert

DSE system are smaller, lighter (up to 40 percent) and

can require signicantly less refrigerant charge (nearly 73

percent) than a traditional n/tube design. This results in a

greener design, using less refrigerant and providing a more

favorable LEED calculation for refrigerant use.

Because the Liebert MC condenser is equipped with a coil

that is only about one 1 inch thick, the condenser is able

to achieve lower pressure drop on the air side, resulting in

reduced fan power. Micro-channel condenser coils allow

for the same heat transfer within a smaller footprint,

providing efciency gains as much as 52 percent compared

to traditional n/tube condensers. Even higher efciency

levels can be realized during low load or lower ambient

temperatures, when the fan speed can be reduced, utilizing

the condensers’ variable speed fans controlled by Liebert

iCOM™ controls.

Digital scroll compressors (a) and EC plug fans (b) optimize

the energy efciency of the Liebert DSE by matching cooling

and airow to the demands of the environment.

a.

b.

3

The Liebert® MC™ condenser offers other benets beyond

the intrinsic efciency gains.The micro-channel coil design

eliminates the need for copper/aluminum junctions,

improving the condenser’s resistance to corrosion and

extending the life of key internal components. And the

condenser’s optimized fan blade design signicantly

reduces fan noise at full load - lower operating speeds can

result in even lower sound levels.

Hassle-free Economization with

Liebert EconoPhase™ Pumped

Refrigerant Economizer

In addition to the aforementioned components, the

integrated Liebert EconoPhase pumped refrigerant

economizer – the industry’s rst – is a key component to

maximizing the Liebert DSE™ system’s efciency during

lower outdoor ambient conditions. The Liebert EconoPhase

economizer is unique from other systems particularly

because it is designed to operate without consuming

water, eliminating the need for expensive water treatment

systems and removing the risk of water leaks by not

introducing water into the data center environment. The

Liebert EconoPhase also eliminates the risk of outside

air contamination and does not require maintenance

associated with air-economizers such as damper and

louver maintenance.

Changeover between compressor mode and refrigerant

economizer mode is almost instantaneous, whereas

traditional economizer systems typically operate in

economizer mode only when the economizer season is

stable—not changing back-and-forth during the night, for

example. The Liebert EconoPhase solution is equipped

with variable speed pumps controlled to run at the most

efcient levels according to heat loads and ambient

outdoor temperatures, providing maximum economization

with minimum pump power consumption.

The Liebert EconoPhase is also unique in that it is designed

with reliability in mind. The Liebert iCOM™ control

monitors pump operation to ensure that the pumps do

not cavitate - improving system reliability and service life.

If free-cooling mode is temporarily disrupted, reliability

is maintained by switching to DX operation without

interruption. If a Liebert EconoPhase pump needs to be

serviced, it can be isolated from the system and replaced

without loss of mechanical cooling.

Fin/Tube Liebert MC +/-

Efficiency (COP) 31 47 +52%

Sound Power (dBA) 77.3 73 -4.3 dBA

Refrigerant Charge (lb) 22 6 -73%

Footprint (ft2) 39.8 33.6 -15%

Weight (lb) 670 400 -40%

Figure 1: Breakdown of typical benets offered by the Liebert MC’s micro-channel condenser design, compared to a traditional

n/tube design found in most DX cooling systems.

4

Liebert® iCOM™ Controls: The Industry’s

Most Advanced Control System

The Liebert DSE™ is managed by the latest Liebert

iCOM intelligent controls, which enable the system to

continuously adapt to the data center IT load and outdoor

conditions to take full advantage of economization while

providing consistent cooling to IT equipment. The controls

monitor all cooling system components as well as inlet rack

temperatures throughout the data center.

Monitoring inlet temperatures provides two primary

benets: rst, it enables the Liebert DSE system to adjust

cooling capacity to the exact amount of cooling needed.

Second, the inlet rack temperature may be reported back

to a building management system and recorded to ensure

service level agreements are met.

The Liebert iCOM controls scale the operation of the CRAC

to variably modulate the air volume and compressor

capacity to precisely match the data center’s IT load,

enabling the CRAC unit to deliver the right amount of air at

the right temperature. Liebert iCOM also monitors the load

and outdoor conditions to control the outdoor Liebert MC™

micro-channel condenser, and during cooler temperatures,

automatically activates the Liebert EconoPhase pumped

refrigerant economizer to provide economization when

conditions are optimal to do so.

The system’s integrated Liebert iCOM controls also monitor

several parameters within each sub-system and coordinate

operation to provide efcient and reliable cooling. The

Liebert iCOM control system provides hassle-free operation

by automatically transferring between mechanical cooling

and economizer operation modes. Built-in diagnostics

ensure that system reliability is maintained, and information

about system operation is reported.

Comparing Economizer Designs and

Efficiency Implications

Traditional direct expansion systems packaged with water-

side economizers utilize a direct expansion cooling coil

overlaid by a closed loop of water/glycol refrigerant solution.

When ambient temperatures are low enough, the system’s

pump moves the water/glycol solution from an outdoor uid

cooler (or drycooler) to the system’s indoor economizer coil.

While this type of system can provide economization and

reduce compressor operation, its efciency is hampered by

the energy required for the pump to move a highly viscous

water/glycol solution. In addition, the glycol solution itself—

especially a propylene glycol solution—signicantly reduces

heat transfer of the economizer coil, resulting in very low

ambient temperatures required to provide full cooling.

The Liebert EconoPhase requires much less power to pump

refrigerant than alternative systems that pump glycol.

The Liebert EconoPhase maintains full cooling capacity by

taking advantage of the two-phase properties of refrigerant.

Alternative glycol-based economizers can experience

capacity reduction as much as 40 percent compared to

full-DX operation resulting in a need to oversize the

economizer to reach system rated capacity. Water-side

economizers require extra fan power year-round, due to

the additional heat exchange that overlays the DX coil. The

Liebert DSE system requires no additional economizer coils,

keeping air-side pressure drop lower, resulting in lower

indoor fan energy consumption1.

Another option is to use chilled water air handlers

(CRAHs) in conjunction with a chiller plant and an air-side

economizer. In this conguration, the chiller plant produces

cold water during warmer times of the year, and outdoor

air is brought into the data center when conditions are

right. However, some end-users do not wish to change

1 According to ASHRAE 90.1-2010, data centers are now required to meet mandatory requirements for minimum SCOP (full-load,

design day) to achieve a satisfactory efciency rating per ASHRAE rating Standard 127. The ASHRAE 90.1 requirements also mandate

the utilization of economizers in many regions of the United States. This minimum efciency target for direct expansion cooling systems

ranges from 1.8 to 2.6, depending on the cooling capacity, condensing type, and airow conguration.

5

between mechanical cooling and economizer cooling several

times during the year. Instead, they may elect to change

to economizer mode only when the system will stay in this

conguration for a long period of time (only when the dew

point of the outside air is within a certain window: 40°F

to 59°F, for example). This can result in missing many partial

economizer hours during nighttime or mild “shoulder”

months. As such, the efciency of this particular option

is largely dependent of the outdoor ambient climate,

and can vary widely depending on geography and

environmental conditions.

In addition, air economizer energy savings can be negatively

impacted due to the need for powered exhaust fans and

the resultant added fan energy to overcome outside air

ltration. In addition, some end users are not comfortable

introducing outside air into the data center due to

contamination concerns.

Other economizer systems involve chilled water air

handlers (CRAHs) connected to a water-cooled chiller plant,

with cooling towers providing water-side economization

during cooler outdoor temperatures. In this case, water is

consumed year-round, even during economizer operation,

adding additional operating costs. Regular water treatment

is required for the open cooling tower system. Many end-

users do not operate these systems during ‘shoulder seasons’

when the system could changeover during nighttime and

daytime. Instead, they prefer to changeover to economizer

operation only when the system will stay in that operating

mode for an extended period of time. This results in a

reduction in economizer use, compared to the Liebert DSE

system that automatically changes between economizer

mode and DX mode in a matter of a few seconds.

The Liebert DSE system’s combination of DX mode operation

during warmer temperatures and refrigerant economizer

mode during cooler temperatures results in a mechanical

power usage effectiveness (PUE) between 1.05 and 1.3.

However, in some climates, economization is not always

necessary to meet ASHRAE 90.1 efciency standards, nor

is a fast payback always attainable to justify investment in

economizer systems. As such, it is important to note that the

Liebert DSE, even when used solely in the standard direct

expansion operating mode, is still capable of exceeding

minimum efficiency standards by up to 53 percent1.

Figure 2: Summer

and High Ambient

Temperatures:

DX-Only Operation

For a load of 88

kW, the cooling

system consumes

only 24.1 kW of

power, resulting in a

sensible coefcient

of performance

(SCOP) of 3.65, or a

mechanical PUE

of 1.28.

Refrigerant Pump

Solenoid Valve

circuit 1

circuit 2

Compressor

Check Valve

Electronic

Expansion Valves

Check Valve

Check

Valve

8.5kW

8.5kW

3.9kW

3.2kW

Liebert

MC Condenser

The Liebert® DSE™ system combines DX mode

operation during warmer temperatures and

refrigerant economizer mode during cooler

temperatures, resulting in a mechanical power

usage effectiveness (PUE) between 1.05 and 1.3.

6

Figure 3: Nighttime

and Cooler Ambient

Temperatures:

Mixed-Mode

Operation

The refrigerant

bypasses the CRAC’s

rst compressor,

allowing it to idle.

Pump One of the

Liebert EconoPhase

is activated, using

only 0.6 kW—a net

savings of 6.8kW.

The resulting system

efciency is a lower

cooling PUE of 1.17,

or a system SCOP

of 5.83.

Refrigerant Pump

Solenoid Valve

circuit 2

circuit 1 Compressor

Electronic

Expansion Valves

Check Valve

7.4kW

0.6kW

0kW

3.9kW

3.2kW

Liebert

EconoPhase

Check Valve

Check

Valve

Liebert

MC Condenser

Optimizing Cooling System Operating Modes

to Ambient Conditions

The operation of the Liebert DSE and corresponding Liebert

EconoPhase™ system is adaptable based on the ambient

seasonal temperatures and the overall IT load of the

data center. The following examples model a data center

operating at 88 kW of load on the system (70 percent load

when using a 125kW, DA125 model).

Summer and High Ambient Temperatures: DX-Only Operation

The example in Figure 2 represents a data center operating

at 70 percent load, experiencing ambient outdoor

temperatures of 95°F. During warm summer months, the

Liebert® EconoPhase™ refrigerant pump system is idled,

routing refrigerant instead through the evaporator, dual

compressors and outdoor condenser. To maximize efciency

in this scenario, the variable-speed evaporator fans, variable

speed condenser fans, and the digital scroll compressors

automatically adjust to match the load and optimize

energy usage.

However, even in this highly efcient system (which achieves

SCOP of 3.65, compared to the industry standard 1.9

at 75°F return air), more than 70 percent of the cooling

system’s total energy draw is utilized by the compressors,

emphasizing the overarching importance of compressor

efciency or reduced compressor operation– particularly in

warm climates.

Nighttime and Cooler Ambient Temperatures:

Mixed-Mode Operation

During cooler times, such as mild seasons and at night, the

refrigerant economizer has the ability to provide partial free

cooling, offsetting some of the compressor power usage.

Assuming an 85°F return air temperature to the CRAC unit,

when the outdoor ambient temperature drops to 65°F (as

shown in Figure 3), Liebert EconoPhase can begin to reduce

energy even further by offering partial economization.

Because the Liebert DSE™ is equipped with a staged

evaporator coil, the system’s refrigerant Circuit One is

seeing the highest return air temperatures (85°F in this

case), meaning the return air is warmer inside than the

outdoor ambient air temperature. In this case, the outer

cooling coil acts as the primary economizer circuit by using

one Liebert EconoPhase pump to provide cool refrigerant to

the indoor heat exchanger, essentially pre-cooling the air.

The remainder of cooling required is accomplished by the

compressor on the second circuit.

During cooler parts of the year or at night, the

refrigerant economizer may have the ability to

provide partial free cooling, offsetting some of

the compressor power.

7

Cold-Weather Operation: Pumped Refrigerant Economization

with Compressor Bypass

F

inally, as shown in Figure 4, when outdoor temperatures are

at their lowest (particularly in winter months), the Liebert DSE

can leverage the Liebert EconoPhase system to operate at

full economization. In this scenario (45°F ambient), all of

the Liebert DSE system’s compressors are idled and

bypassed, replaced entirely by the Liebert EconoPhase

system’s refrigerant pumps. Condenser fans also operate

at lower power because colder outdoor air requires less

condenser airow.

This translates to SCOP of 10.7, more than 5.5 times the

ASHRAE minimum efciency requirement at 75°F return

air conditions. When operating at full economizatation at

temperatures below 45°F or at lower load, the Liebert DSE

is able to achieve a cooling PUE as low as 1.05 and SCOP

above 20– nearly ten times the required efciency targets

in ASHRAE 90.1. These efciency levels also can be realized

at higher ambient temperatures by increasing the supply air

temperature to the CRAC unit.

Efficiency Profile Based on Outdoor

Ambient Temperatures

As these examples have demonstrated, the Liebert DSE is

designed to adapt its operation to the ambient environment

in order to maximize the efciency and cooling effectiveness

of its DX CRAC unit and pumped-refrigerant economizer. To

better understand and quantify the progression of efciency

gains as outdoor temperatures change, consider the example

illustrated in Figure 5.

As previously discussed, the Liebert DSE is capable of

operating above SCOP of 5.0 during DX operation when

operating with 85°F return air to the cooling unit and 80

percent load (assuming outdoor ambient is less than design

day temperature). As the ambient temperature decreases,

the rst stage of economization is automatically activated

by the Liebert DSE iCOM™ control system, bringing the

SCOP to about 12. Once the ambient temperature reaches

approximately 40°F, full economization is realized and

efciency continues to increase as ambient temperatures

decrease – with SCOP peaking at about 22 kW/kW, or a

cooling PUE of about 1.05.

As this example illustrates, the Liebert DSE transition from

mechanical (compressor) cooling to economizer mode

is seamless and automatic, capable of moving in and out

of economization several times a day, if needed. At these

conditions, signicant economizer hours can be realized. The

system operates as an integrated economizer, meaning it

is capable of operating in partial economizer and partial DX

mode, if needed.

It is important to note that while this particular example

illustrates an 85°F return air application, this scenario scales

for other return air conditions. To further illustrate this point,

consider Figure 6. When operating at 70 percent load with

Figure 4:

Cold-Weather

Operation: Pumped

Refrigerant

Economization with

Compressor Bypass

In essence, a total

of 14.8 kW of

compressor power

has been replaced

by 1.2 kW of pump

power. The result

is a cooling PUE of

only 1.09, or 9 kW

of power for the

cooling system for

every 100 kW of

IT load.

Refrigerant Pump

SolenoidValve

circuit 2

circuit 1 Compressor

Electronic

Expansion Valves

Check Valve

0kW

0.6kW

0.6kW

0kW

3.2kW

Check Valve

Check

Valve

PUE as low as 1.05

Full economizer mode

Liebert

MC Condenser

3.9kW

Liebert

EconoPhase

8

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

110%

100%

120%

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Outdoor Ambient °F

DSE System Load (%)Model DA125

75°F Return

85°F Return

95°F Return

105°F Return

At 70% load and 85°F, full

economization is available

at 50°F outdoor

Figure 6: Liebert EconoPhase efciency progression according to outdoor ambient temperature and system operating load.

0

0

5

10

10

15

20

20 30 40 50 60 70

25

Outdoor Temperature F°

80% Load (100kW), 85°F return air Mixed mode and Liebert EconoPhase Efficiency

Traditional

DX Cooling

Mixed Mode

Full Economization

+600%

Figure 5: Liebert

®

EconoPhase™ efciency progression according to outdoor ambient temperature (operating at 80 percent load).

9

return air temperatures of 85°F, 100 percent economization

is achieved at an outdoor ambient temperature of 50°F.

Increasing the return air to 105°F at 70 percent operating

load results in 100 percent economization at just over

70°F outdoor ambient temperature, enabling even more

economizer hours.

The key takeaway is that, in order to maximize

economization, three factors must be optimized:

return air temperature, operating load and outdoor

ambient temperatures.

Comparing Efficiency and Total Cost

of Ownership

As illustrated by the previous examples, the efciency

of economizer-based cooling systems can vary widely

according to the outdoor ambient temperature. This fact

is what makes the Liebert® DSE™ system’s exible and

intelligent mixed-mode operating capabilities an ideal

choice for maximizing cooling efciency.

As shown in Figure 7, a traditional DX system (red line)

starts at about 1.5 cooling PUE on design day, and then

levels out to about 1.35 as the ambient temperature drops.

By comparison, the Liebert DSE (green line) system starts

with a cooling PUE of just over 1.3, and bottoms out at

about 1.05, thanks to its ability to dynamically optimize

operations according to return air and outdoor ambient

temperatures. A chilled water system with air economizer is

also shown for comparison (blue line). The cooling PUE for

these systems start at about 1.28, and plateau at about 1.2.

However, in theory, if air economizers are working perfectly

and humidity control is not assumed, the minimum cooling

PUE of this system can be as low as 1.13.

While this accurately portrays PUE at a specic outdoor

temperature, the annualized PUE depends largely on how

many hours the system operates at each temperature. As

such, colder climates will log more hours at lower ambient

temperatures, resulting in a lower annualized PUE than a

climate that does not have as many of these low ambient

hours available. However, as previously demonstrated, lower

annualized PUE is attainable for data centers in warmer

climates by deploying the Liebert DSE and raising return air

temperatures.

Figure 7: Comparing cooling system efciency changes based on outdoor ambient temperatures.

Outdoor Ambient (°F)

Efficiency Comparison at 85°F Return Air

1.5

1.4

1.3

1.2

1.1

1.0

020406080100

PUE

Liebert DSE

with EconoPhase

Traditional DX

Liebert DSE at 105°F return air, part

load and Optimized Aisle

Air Economizer Theoretical

Performance

Chilled Water with

Air Economizer

The Liebert DSE can deliver a payback in less

than three years compared to traditional air-

cooled DX systems, but without the hassles

and risks of other types of economizer systems.

10

Regardless of the system used, an intelligent control system

that evaluates room load, room temperature (or supply air

temperature) and outdoor temperature must be employed

to determine the most optimal operation of system.

When considering total cost of ownership, the Liebert®

DSE™ with Liebert EconoPhase™ system also compares

very favorably to alternative cooling systems. In order to

compare systems, a complete picture of system costs must

be known and compared. As shown in Figure 8, the Liebert

DSE can deliver a payback in less than three years compared

to traditional air-cooled DX systems, but without the

hassles and risks of other types of economizer systems.

Conclusion

As this brief has demonstrated, the Liebert DSE cooling

system from Emerson Network Power represents the

industry’s most exible, reliable and efcient DX solution.

The Liebert DSE achieves industry-leading efciency by

offering a modular, end-to-end cooling infrastructure,

complete with a high-efciency indoor CRAC unit, a

hassle-free pumped-refrigerant economizer, micro-channel

outdoor condensers with variable-speed fan technology

and a comprehensive data center intelligence and

management system built-in.

Collectively, these components make up a cooling

infrastructure capable of delivering the lowest possible

total cost of ownership and the highest levels of reliability

compared to competitive solutions – all backed by the

largest and most experienced sales and support team in the

data center industry.

Traditional

Air-Cooled DX Chilled Water Chilled Water

Liebert DSE with

EconoPhase

Economizer None None Air Economizer Pumped Refrigerant

Energy Cost $416,000 $276,000 $251,000 $231,000

Water Cost $0 $32,000 $21,000 $0

Total Utility $416,000 $308,000 $272,000 $231,000

Annual Cooling PUE 1.32 1.21 1.19 1.16

Capital Cost $1,900,000 $2,200,000 $3,100,000 $2,500,000

Payback Base 4.9 years 5.6 years 2.7 years

15-Year PV $5,200,000 $4,900,000 $5,600,000 $4,100,000

Figure 8: Analysis of total cost of ownership across cooling system options, taking into consideration capital expenditure and operating

expenditure for a data center with a 1,500 kW load, $0.10/kWh utility cost and 40 degree dew point limit, based on Columbus, Ohio

weather data. The chilled water systems assume an entering water temperature of 50°F, with a water temperature difference of 12°F.

11

While every precaution has been taken to ensure accuracy and

completeness in this literature, Liebert Corporation assumes no

responsibility, and disclaims all liability for damages resulting

from use of this information or for any errors or omissions.

© 2013 Liebert Corporation. All rights reserved throughout

the world. Specifications subject to change without notice.

All names referred to are trademarks or registered trademarks

of their respective owners.

® Liebert and the Liebert logo are registered trademarks of the

Liebert Corporation. Business-Critical Continuity, Emerson Network

Power and the Emerson Network Power logo are trademarks and

service marks of Emerson Electric Co. ©2013 Emerson Electric Co.

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1050 Dearborn Drive

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