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MNRAS 000, 1–10 (2015)
Preprint 22 May 2015
Compiled using MNRAS LATEX style file v3.0
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society:
LATEX guide for authors
Keith
T. Smith1? †
1
Royal Astronomical Society, Burlington House, Piccadilly, London W1J 0BQ, UK
Last updated 2015 May 22; in original form 2013 September 5
ABSTRACT
This is a guide for preparing papers for Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
using the mnras LATEX package. It provides instructions for using the additional features in
the document class. This is not a general guide on how to use LATEX, and nor does it replace
the journal’s instructions to authors. See mnras_template.tex for a simple template.
Key words: editorials, notices – miscellaneous
CONTENTS
1
1
2
3
4
5
The journal Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
(MNRAS) encourages authors to prepare their papers using LATEX.
The style file mnras.cls can be used to approximate the final appearance of the journal, and provides numerous features to simplify
the preparation of papers. This document, mnras_guide.tex, provides guidance on using that style file and the features it enables.
This is not a general guide on how to use LATEX, of which
many excellent examples already exist. We particularly recommend
Wikibooks LATEX 1 , a collaborative online textbook which is of use
to both beginners and experts. Alternatively there are several other
online resources, and most academic libraries also hold suitable
beginner’s guides.
For guidance on the contents of papers, journal style, and how
to submit a paper, see the MNRAS Instructions to Authors2 . Only
technical issues with the LATEX class are considered here.
Introduction
Obtaining and installing the MNRAS package
Preparing and submitting a paper
Class options
Title page
5.1 Title
5.2 Authors and institutions
5.3 Abstract and keywords
6 Sections and lists
6.1 Sections
6.2 Lists
7 Mathematics and symbols
7.1 Equations
7.2 Special symbols
7.3 Ions
8 Figures and tables
8.1 Basic examples
8.2 Captions and placement
9 References and citations
9.1 Cross-referencing
9.2 Citations
9.3 The list of references
10 Appendices and online material
11 Packages and custom commands
11.1 Additional packages
11.2 Custom commands
Acknowledgements
A Journal abbreviations
B Advanced formatting examples
C Additional commands for editors only
2
https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/LaTeX
http://www.oxfordjournals.org/our_journals/mnras/for_
authors/
3 http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/
mnras
2
Contact e-mail: mn@ras.org.uk
† Present address: Science magazine, AAAS Science International,
82-88 Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 1LQ, UK
© 2015 The Authors
OBTAINING AND INSTALLING THE MNRAS
PACKAGE
Some LATEX distributions come with the MNRAS package by default. If yours does not, you can either install it using your distribution’s package manager, or download it from the Comprehensive
TEX Archive Network3 (CTAN).
The files can either be installed permanently by placing them
in the appropriate directory (consult the documentation for your
LATEX distribution), or used temporarily by placing them in the
working directory for your paper.
1
?
INTRODUCTION
2
K. T. Smith
To use the MNRAS package, simply specify mnras as the document class at the start of a .tex file:
5
TITLE PAGE
Then compile LATEX (and if necessary BibTEX) in the usual way.
If you are using mnras_template.tex the necessary code for generating the title page, headers and footers is already present. Simply
edit the title, author list, institutions, abstract and keywords as described below.
3
5.1
\documentclass{mnras}
PREPARING AND SUBMITTING A PAPER
We recommend that you start with a copy of the
mnras_template.tex file. Rename the file, update the information on the title page, and then work on the text of your
paper. Guidelines for content, style etc. are given in the instructions
to authors on the journal’s website2 . Note that this document does
not follow all the aspects of MNRAS journal style (e.g. it has a
table of contents).
If a paper is accepted, it is professionally typeset and copyedited by the publishers. It is therefore likely that minor changes
to presentation will occur. For this reason, we ask authors to ignore
minor details such as slightly long lines, extra blank spaces, or misplaced figures, because these details will be dealt with during the
production process.
Papers must be submitted electronically via the online submission system; paper submissions are not permitted. For full guidance
on how to submit a paper, see the instructions to authors.
4
CLASS OPTIONS
There are several options which can be added to the document class
line like this:
\documentclass[option1,option2]{mnras}
The available options are:
• letters – used for papers in the journal’s Letters section.
• onecolumn – single column, instead of the default two
columns. This should be used only if necessary for the display of
numerous very long equations.
• doublespacing – text has double line spacing. Please don’t
submit papers in this format.
• referee – (deprecated) single column, double spaced, larger
text, bigger margins. Please don’t submit papers in this format.
• galley – (deprecated) no running headers, no attempt to align
the bottom of columns.
• landscape – (deprecated) sets the whole document on landscape paper.
• usenatbib – (all papers should use this) this uses Patrick
Daly’s natbib.sty package for citations.
• usegraphicx – (most papers will need this) includes the
graphicx package, for inclusion of figures and images.
• useAMS – adds support for upright Greek characters \upi,
\umu and \upartial (π, µ and ∂). Only these three are included,
if you require other symbols you will need to include the amsmath
or amsymb packages (see section 11).
• usedcolumn – includes the package dcolumn, which includes
two new types of column alignment for use in tables.
Some of these options are deprecated and retained for backwards compatibility only. Others are used in almost all papers, but
again are retained as options to ensure that papers written decades
ago will continue to compile without problems. If you want to include any other packages, see section 11.
Title
There are two forms of the title: the full version used on the
first page, and a short version which is used in the header of
other odd-numbered pages (the ‘running head’). Enter them with
\title[]{} like this:
\title[Running head]{Full title of the paper}
The full title can be multiple lines (use \\ to start a new line) and
may be as long as necessary, although we encourage authors to use
concise titles. The running head must be 6 45 characters on a
single line.
See appendix B for more complicated examples.
5.2
Authors and institutions
Like the title, there are two forms of author list: the full version
which appears on the title page, and a short form which appears
in the header of the even-numbered pages. Enter them using the
\author[]{} command.
If the author list is more than one line long, start a new line
using \newauthor. Use \\ to start the institution list. Affiliations
for each author should be indicated with a superscript number, and
correspond to the list of institutions below the author list.
For example, if I were to write a paper with two coauthors at
another institution, one of whom also works at a third location:
\author[K. T. Smith et al.]{
Keith T. Smith,$^{1}$
A. N. Other,$^{2}$
and Third Author$^{2,3}$
\\
$^{1}$Affiliation 1\\
$^{2}$Affiliation 2\\
$^{3}$Affiliation 3}
Affiliations should be in the format ‘Department, Institution, Street
Address, City and Postal Code, Country’.
Email addresses can be inserted with the \thanks{} command which adds a title page footnote. If you want to list more
than one email, put them all in the same \thanks and use
\footnotemark[] to refer to the same footnote multiple times.
Present addresses (if different to those where the work was performed) can also be added with a \thanks command.
5.3
Abstract and keywords
The abstract is entered in an abstract environment:
\begin{abstract}
The abstract of the paper.
\end{abstract}
Note that there is a word limit on the length of abstracts. For the
current word limit, see the journal instructions to authors2 .
Immediately following the abstract, a set of keywords is entered in a keywords environment:
MNRAS 000, 1–10 (2015)
MNRAS LATEX guide for authors
\begin{keywords}
keyword 1 -- keyword 2 -- keyword 3
\end{keywords}
Table 1. Additional commands for special symbols commonly used in astronomy. These can be used anywhere.
There is a list of permitted keywords, which is agreed between all
the major astronomy journals and revised every few years. Do not
make up new keywords! For the current list of allowed keywords,
see the journal’s instructions to authors2 .
6
SECTIONS AND LISTS
Sections and lists are generally the same as in the standard LATEX
classes.
6.1
Sections
Sections are entered in the usual way, using \section{} and its
variants. It is possible to nest up to four section levels:
\section{Main section}
\subsection{Subsection}
\subsubsection{Subsubsection}
\paragraph{Lowest level section}
The other LATEX sectioning commands \part, \chapter and
\subparagraph{} are deprecated and should not be used.
Some sections are not numbered as part of journal style (e.g.
the Acknowledgements). To insert an unnumbered section use the
‘starred’ version of the command: \section*{}.
See appendix B for more complicated examples.
Command
Output
Meaning
\sun
\earth
\micron
\degr
⊕
µm
Sun, solar
Earth, terrestrial
microns
degrees
Lists
Two forms of lists can be used in MNRAS – numbered and unnumbered.
For a numbered list, use the enumerate environment:
\begin{enumerate}
\item First item
\item Second item
\item etc.
\end{enumerate}
\arcmin
\arcsec
\fdg
\farcm
\farcs
00
.
arcminutes
arcseconds
fraction of a degree
fraction of an arcminute
fraction of an arcsecond
\fd
d.
fraction of a day
\fh
\fm
\fs
\fp
h.
.
fraction of an hour
fraction of a minute
fraction of a second
fraction of a period
\diameter
\sq
/
u
t
diameter
square, Q.E.D.
(i) First item
(ii) Second item
(iii) etc.
Note that the list uses lowercase Roman numerals, rather than the
LATEX default Arabic numerals.
For an unnumbered list, use the description environment
without the optional argument:
\begin{description}
\item First item
\item Second item
\item etc.
\end{description}
which produces
First item
Second item
etc.
MNRAS 000, 1–10 (2015)
00
◦.
.0
m
.
s.
p
Bulleted lists using the itemize environment should not be
used in MNRAS; it is retained for backwards compatibility only.
MATHEMATICS AND SYMBOLS
The MNRAS class mostly adopts standard LATEX handling of mathematics, which is briefly summarised here. See also section 11 for
packages that support more advanced mathematics.
Mathematics can be inserted into the running text using the
syntax $1+1=2$, which produces 1 + 1 = 2. Use this only for short
expressions or when referring to mathematical quantities; equations
should be entered as described below.
7.1
which produces
◦
0
7
6.2
3
Equations
Equations should be entered using the equation environment,
which automatically numbers them:
\begin{equation}
a^2=b^2+c^2
\end{equation}
which produces
a2 = b2 + c2
(1)
By default, the equations are numbered sequentially throughout the whole paper. If a paper has a large number of equations, it
may be better to number them by section (2.1, 2.2 etc.). To do this,
add the command \numberwithin{equation}{section} to the
preamble.
It is also possible to produce un-numbered equations by using
the LATEX built-in \[. . . \] and $$. . . $$ commands; however MNRAS requires that all equations are numbered, so these commands
should be avoided.
4
K. T. Smith
Table 2. Additional commands for mathematical symbols. These can only
be used in maths mode.
Command
Output
Meaning
\upi
\umu
\upartial
π
µ
∂
<
=
>
=
.
&
<
≈
>
≈
upright pi
upright mu
upright partial derivative
\lid
\gid
\la
\ga
\loa
\goa
\cor
\sol
\sog
\lse
\gse
\getsto
\grole
\leogr
7.2
D
=
∼
<
∼
>
<
'
>
'
←
→
>
<
<
>
less than or equal to
greater than or equal to
less than of order
greater than of order
less than approximately
greater than approximately
corresponds to
similar to or less than
similar to or greater than
less than or homotopic to
greater than or homotopic to
from over to
greater over less
less over greater
Special symbols
Some additional symbols of common use in astronomy have been
added in the MNRAS class. These are shown in tables 1–2. The
command names are – as far as possible – the same as those used
in other major astronomy journals.
Many other mathematical symbols are also available, either
built into LATEX or via additional packages. If you want to insert
a specific symbol but don’t know the LATEX command, we recommend using the Detexify website4 .
Sometimes font or coding limitations mean a symbol may not
get smaller when used in sub- or superscripts, and will therefore be
displayed at the wrong size. There is no need to worry about this as
it will be corrected by the typesetter during production.
To produce bold symbols in mathematics, use \bmath for simple variables, and the bm package for more complex symbols (see
section 11). Vectors are set in bold italic, using \mathbfit{}.
For matrices, use \mathbfss{} to produce a bold sans-serif
font e.g. H; this works even outside maths mode, but not all symbols
are available (e.g. Greek). For ∇ (del, used in gradients, divergence
etc.) use $\nabla$.
7.3
Ions
A new \ion{}{} command has been added to the class file, for
the correct typesetting of ionisation states. For example, to typeset
singly ionised calcium use \ion{Ca}{ii}, which produces Ca ii.
8
FIGURES AND TABLES
Figures and tables (collectively called ‘floats’) are mostly the same
as built into LATEX.
4
http://detexify.kirelabs.org
Figure 1. An example figure.
Table 3. An example table.
Star
Mass
M
Luminosity
L
Sun
α Cen A
Eri
1.00
1.10
0.82
1.00
1.52
0.34
8.1
Basic examples
Figures are inserted in the usual way using a figure environment
and \includegraphics. The example Figure 1 was generated using the code:
\begin{figure}
\includegraphics[width=\columnwidth]{example}
\caption{An example figure.}
\label{fig:example}
\end{figure}
The example Table 3 was generated using the code:
\begin{table}
\caption{An example table.}
\label{tab:example}
\begin{tabular}{lcc}
\hline
Star & Mass & Luminosity\\
& $M_{\sun}$ & $L_{\sun}$\\
\hline
Sun & 1.00 & 1.00\\
$\alpha$~Cen~A & 1.10 & 1.52\\
$\epsilon$~Eri & 0.82 & 0.34\\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{table}
8.2
Captions and placement
Captions go above tables but below figures, as in the examples
above.
MNRAS 000, 1–10 (2015)
MNRAS LATEX guide for authors
Table 3 – continued A table continued from the previous one.
Star
Mass
M
Luminosity
L
τ Cet
δ Pav
σ Dra
0.78
0.99
0.87
0.52
1.22
0.43
The LATEX float placement commands [htbp] are intentionally disabled. Layout of figures and tables will be adjusted by
the publisher during the production process, so authors should not
concern themselves with placement to avoid disappointment and
wasted effort. Simply place the LATEX code close to where the figure or table is first mentioned in the text and leave exact placement
to the publishers.
By default a figure or table will occupy one column of the
page. To produce a wider version which covers both columns, use
the figure* or table* environment.
If a figure or table is too long to fit on a single page it can be
split it into several parts. Create an additional figure or table which
uses \contcaption{} instead of \caption{}. This will automatically correct the numbering and add ‘continued’ at the start of the
caption. Table 8.2 was generated using the code:
\begin{table}
\contcaption{A table continued from the previous one.}
\label{tab:continued}
\begin{tabular}{lcc}
\hline
Star & Mass & Luminosity\\
& $M_{\sun}$ & $L_{\sun}$\\
\hline
$\tau$~Cet & 0.78 & 0.52\\
$\delta$~Pav & 0.99 & 1.22\\
$\sigma$~Dra & 0.87 & 0.43\\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{table}
To produce a landscape figure or table, use the pdflscape
package and the landscape environment. The landscape Table 4
was produced using the code:
\begin{landscape}
\begin{table}
\caption{An example landscape table.}
\label{tab:landscape}
\begin{tabular}{cccccccccc}
\hline
Header & Header & ...\\
Unit & Unit & ...\\
\hline
Data & Data & ...\\
Data & Data & ...\\
...\\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{table}
\end{landscape}
Unfortunately this method will force a page break before the table appears. More complicated solutions are possible, but authors
shouldn’t worry about this.
MNRAS 000, 1–10 (2015)
5
6
Table 4. An example landscape table.
Header
Unit
Header
Unit
Header
Unit
Header
Unit
Header
Unit
Header
Unit
Header
Unit
Header
Unit
Header
Unit
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
K. T. Smith
Header
Unit
MNRAS 000, 1–10 (2015)
MNRAS LATEX guide for authors
9
REFERENCES AND CITATIONS
9.1
Cross-referencing
The usual LATEX commands \label{} and \ref{} can be used for
cross-referencing within the same paper. We recommend that you
use these whenever relevant, rather than writing out the section or
figure numbers explicitly. This ensures that cross-references are updated whenever the numbering changes (e.g. during revision) and
provides clickable links (if available in your compiler).
It is best to give each section, figure and table a logical
label. For example, Table 2 has the label tab:mathssymbols,
whilst section 11 has the label sec:packages. Add the label after the section or caption command, as in the examples in sections 6.1 and 8. Enter the cross-reference with a non-breaking
space between the type of object and the number, like this:
see Figure~\ref{fig:example}.
The \autoref{} command can be used to automatically fill
out the type of object, saving on typing. It also causes the link
to cover the whole phrase rather than just the number, but for
that reason is only suitable for single cross-references rather than
ranges. For example, \autoref{tab:journal_abbr} produces
Table A1.
9.2
reference details. An MNRAS BibTEX style file, mnras.bst, is distributed as part of this package. The rest of this section will assume
you are using BibTEX.
References are entered into a separate .bib file in standard
BibTEX formatting. This can be done manually, or there are several
software packages which make editing the .bib file much easier.
We particularly recommend JabRef6 , which works on all major operating systems. BibTEX entries can be obtained from the NASA
Astrophysics Data System7 (ADS) by clicking on ‘Bibtex entry for
this abstract’ on any entry. Simply copy this into your .bib file or
into the ‘BibTeX source’ tab in JabRef.
Each entry in the .bib file must specify a unique ‘key’ to identify the paper, the format of which is up to the author. Simply cite
it in the usual way, as described in section 9.2, using the specified
key. Compile the paper as usual, but add an extra step to run the
bibtex command. Consult the documentation for your compiler
or latex distribution.
Correct formatting of the reference list will be handled by
BibTEX in almost all cases, provided that the correct information
was entered into the .bib file. Note that ADS entries are not always
correct, particularly for older papers and conference proceedings,
so may need to be edited. If in doubt, or if you are producing the
reference list manually, see the MNRAS instructions to authors2
for the current guidelines on how to format the list of references.
Citations
MNRAS uses the Harvard – author (year) – citation style, e.g. Author (2013). This is implemented in LATEX via the natbib package,
which in turn is included via the usenatbib package option (see
section 4), which should be used in all papers.
Each entry in the reference list has a ‘key’ (see section 9.3)
which is used to generate citations. There are two basic natbib
commands:
\citet{key} produces an in-text citation: Author (2013)
\citep{key} produces a bracketed (parenthetical) citation:
(Author 2013)
Citations will include clickable links to the relevant entry in the
reference list, if supported by your LATEX compiler.
There are a number of other natbib commands which can
be used for more complicated citations. The most commonly used
ones are listed in Table 5. For full guidance on their use, consult the
natbib documentation5 .
If a reference has several authors, natbib will automatically
use ‘et al.’ if there are more than two authors. However, if a paper has exactly three authors, MNRAS style is to list all three
on the first citation and use ‘et al.’ thereafter. If you are using
BibTEX (see section 9.3) then this is handled automatically. If not,
the \citet*{} and \citep*{} commands can be used at the first
citation to include all of the authors.
9.3
The list of references
It is possible to enter references manually using the usual LATEX
commands, but we strongly encourage authors to use BibTEX instead. BibTEX ensures that the reference list is updated automatically as references are added or removed from the paper, puts them
in the correct format, saves on typing, and the same reference file
can be used for many different papers – saving time hunting down
10
http://www.ctan.org/pkg/natbib
MNRAS 000, 1–10 (2015)
APPENDICES AND ONLINE MATERIAL
To start an appendix, simply place the \appendix command before
the next \section{}. This will automatically adjust the section
headings, figures, tables, and equations to reflect the fact that they
are part of an appendix. It is only necessary to enter the \appendix
command once – everything after that command is in an appendix.
Remember that appendices should be placed after the list of references.
Unlike other astronomy class files, there are no special commands for online material. If your paper has any online material, it
should be placed in a separate file. See our instructions to authors2
for guidance.
11
11.1
PACKAGES AND CUSTOM COMMANDS
Additional packages
Sometimes authors need to include additional LATEX packages,
which provide extra features. For example, the bm package provides extra bold maths symbols, whilst the pdflscape package
adds support for landscape pages. Packages can be included by
adding the \usepackage{} command to the preamble of the document (not the main body).
Please only include packages which are actually used in the
paper, and include a comment to explain what each one does. This
will assist the typesetters. If you are using mnras_template.tex,
it includes a specific section for this purpose, near the start of the
file with the header ’authors - place your own packages here’.
For example, to include pdflscape, use:
\usepackage{pdflscape} % Landscape pages
6
5
7
7
http://jabref.sourceforge.net/
http://adsabs.harvard.edu
8
K. T. Smith
Table 5. Common citation commands, provided by the natbib package.
Command
Ouput
\citet{key}
\citep{key}
\citep{key,key2}
\citet[table 4]{key}
\citep[see][figure 7]{key}
\citealt{key}
\citeauthor{key}
\defcitealias{key}{Paper~I}
\citetalias{key}
\citepalias{key}
Smith (2014)
(Smith 2014)
(Smith 2014; Jones 2015)
Smith (2014, table 4)
(see Smith 2014, figure 7)
Smith 2014
Smith
Multiple papers
For use with manual brackets
If already cited in close proximity
Define an alias (doesn’t work in floats)
Paper I
(Paper I)
Consult the documentation for that package for instructions on how
to use the additional features.
11.2
Note
REFERENCES
Author A. N., 2013, Journal of Improbable Astronomy, 1, 1
Jones C. D., 2015, Journal of Interesting Stuff, 17, 198
Smith A. B., 2014, The Example Journal, 12, 345 (Paper I)
Custom commands
Authors should avoid duplicating or redefining commands which
are already available in LATEX or mnras.cls. However it may
sometimes be necessary to introduce a custom command e.g. as
a shortcut while writing the paper.
Please only include commands which are actually used in the
paper, and include a comment to explain what each one does. This
will assist the typesetters. Use \newcommand, not \def, as this will
avoid accidentally overwriting existing commands. Place custom
commands in the preamble of the document (not the main body). If
you are using mnras_template.tex, it includes a specific section
for this purpose, near the start of the file with the header ’authors place your own commands here’.
As an example, a shortcut for the unit km s−1 can be defined
like this:
APPENDIX A: JOURNAL ABBREVIATIONS
Abbreviations for cited journals can be accessed using the commands listed in table A1. Although some of these may appear to
be outdated or rarely cited, they have been selected to be compatible with the BibTEX output by the NASA Astrophysics Data
System7 , commands used by other astronomy journals, and with
additional entries for journals with non-standard abbreviations in
MNRAS. For journals which are not on this list, see our instructions to authors2 for guidance on how to abbreviate titles.
\newcommand{\kms}{\,km\,s$^{-1}$}
% kilometres per second
Velocities can then be written as e.g. 2.3\kms which produces
2.3 km s−1 . Similar shortcuts can be used for frequently quoted object designations.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This guide replaces an earlier one originally prepared by Cambridge University Press (CUP) in 1994, and last updated in 2002 by
Blackwell Publishing. Some code segments are reproduced from,
and some examples are based upon, that guide. The authors were:
A. Woollatt, M. Reed, R. Mulvey, K. Matthews, D. Starling, Y. Yu,
A. Richardson (all CUP), and Penny Smith, N. Thompson and
Gregor Hutton (all Blackwell), whose work is gratefully acknowledged.
The accompanying BibTEX style file was written by John
Sleath, Tim Jenness and Norman Gray, without whom BibTEX support would not have been possible.
Some special symbols in tables 1–2 were taken from the
Springer Verlag Astronomy & Astrophysics LATEX class, with their
permission.
KTS thanks Nelson Beebe (University of Utah) for helpful advice regarding CTAN.
MNRAS 000, 1–10 (2015)
MNRAS LATEX guide for authors
Table A1. Commands for abbreviated journal names, see appendix A.
Command
Output
Journal name
\aap or \astap
A&A
Astronomy and Astrophysicsa
\aapr
A&ARv
The Astronomy and Astrophysics Review
\aaps
A&AS
Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series
\actaa
Acta Astron.
Acta Astronomica
\afz
Afz
Astrofizika
\aj
AJ
The Astronomical Journal
\ao or \applopt Appl. Opt.
Applied Optics
\aplett
Astrophys. Lett.
Astrophysics Letters
\apj
ApJ
The Astrophysical Journal
\apjl or \apjlett ApJ
The Astrophysical Journal Lettersa
\apjs or \apjsupp ApJS
The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series
\apss
Ap&SS
Astrophysics and Space Science
\araa
ARA&A
Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics
\arep
Astron. Rep.
Astronomy Reportsb
\aspc
ASP Conf. Ser.
Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
\azh
Azh
Astronomicheskii Zhurnalc
\baas
BAAS
Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society
\bac
Bull. Astron. Inst. Czechoslovakia
Bulletin of the Astronomical Institutes of Czechoslovakia
\bain
Bull. Astron. Inst. Netherlands
Bull. Astron. Inst. Netherlands
\caa
Chinese Astron. Astrophys.
Chinese Astronomy and Astrophysics
\cjaa
Chinese J. Astron. Astrophys.
Chinese Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics
\fcp
Fundamentals Cosmic Phys.
Fundamentals of Cosmic Physics
\gca
Geochimica Cosmochimica Acta
Geochimica Cosmochimica Acta
\grl
Geophys. Res. Lett.
Geophysics Research Letters
\iaucirc
IAU Circ.
International Astronomical Union Circulars
\icarus
Icarus
Icarus
\japa
J. Astrophys. Astron.
Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy
\jcap
J. Cosmology Astropart. Phys.
Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics
\jcp
J. Chem. Phys.
Journal of Chemical Physics
\jgr
J. Geophys. Res.
Journal of Geophysics Research
\jqsrt
J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiative Transfer Journal of Quantitiative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer
\jrasc
J. R. Astron. Soc. Canada
Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada
\memras
Mem. RAS
Memoirs of the Royal Astronomical Society
\memsai
Mem. Soc. Astron. Italiana
Memoire della Societa Astronomica Italiana
\mnassa
MNASSA
Monthly Notes of the Astronomical Society of Southern Africa
\mnras
MNRAS
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Societya
\na
New Astron.
New Astronomy
\nar
New Astron. Rev.
New Astronomy Review
\nat
Nature
Nature
\nphysa
Nuclear Phys. A
Nuclear Physics A
\pra
Phys. Rev. A
Physical Review A: Atomic, molecular, and optical physics
\prb
Phys. Rev. B
Physical Review B: Condensed matter and materials physics
\prc
Phys. Rev. C
Physical Review C: Nuclear physics
\prd
Phys. Rev. D
Physical Review D: Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology
\pre
Phys. Rev. E
Physical Review E: Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics
\prl
Phys. Rev. Lett.
Physical Review Letters
\pasa
Publ. Astron. Soc. Australia
Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia
\pasp
PASP
Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific
\pasj
PASJ
Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan
\physrep
Phys. Rep.
Physics Reports
\physscr
Phys. Scr.
Physica Scripta
\planss
Planet. Space Sci.
Planetary and Space Science
\procspie
Proc. SPIE
Proceedings of the Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers
\rmxaa
Rev. Mex. Astron. Astrofis.
Revista Mexicana de Astronomia y Astrofisica
\qjras
QJRAS
Quarterly Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society
\sci
Science
Science
\skytel
Sky & Telesc.
Sky and Telescope
\solphys
Sol. Phys.
Solar Physics
\sovast
Soviet Ast.
Soviet Astronomyb
\ssr
Space Sci. Rev.
Space Science Reviews
\zap
Z. Astrophys.
Zeitschrift fuer Astrophysik
a
b
c
Letters are designated by an L at the start of the page number, not in the journal name
In 1992 the English translation of this journal changed its name from Soviet Astronomy to Astronomy Reports
Including the English translation Astronomy Letters
MNRAS 000, 1–10 (2015)
9
10
K. T. Smith
APPENDIX B: ADVANCED FORMATTING EXAMPLES
Sometimes formatting doesn’t behave exactly as expected when
used in titles or section headings, and must be modified to obtain
the correct appearance. Generally the publishers can fix these problems during the typesetting process after a paper is accepted, but
authors may wish to adjust these themselves to minimise the possibility of errors and/or for the benefit of the refereeing process.
Below are some examples of output, followed by the LATEX code
which produces them.
Most mathematics and text formatting works as expected, but
some commands might not be the correct size, bold or italic. If
so they can be finessed by hand, as in the bold mathematics here:
Herschel observations of galaxies at δ > 60◦
\maketitle inserts the title, authors and institution list in the
correct formatting.
\nokeywords tidies up the spacing if there are no keywords, but
authors should always enter at least one.
\volume{} sets the volume number (default is 000)
\pagerange{} sets the page range. The standard template generates this automatically, starting from 1.
\bsp adds the ‘This paper has been typeset. . . ’ comment at the
end of the paper. The command name refers to Blackwell Science
Publishing, who were the publishers at the time when MNRAS began accepting LATEX submissions in 1993.
\mniiiauth{} used by the BibTEX style to handle MNRAS
style for citing papers with three authors. It should not be used
manually.
\eprint{} used by the BibTEX style for citing arXiv eprints.
\doi{} used by the BibTEX style for citing Digital Object Identifiers.
\title{\textit{Herschel} observations of galaxies at
$\bm{\delta > 60\degr}$}
Most fonts do not provide bold and italic versions of small
capitals, so the \ion{}{} command doesn’t produce the expected
output in headings. The effect has to be ‘faked’ using font size
commands, remembering that the running head is a different style:
This paper has been typeset from a TEX/LATEX file prepared by the author.
Abundances in H II regions
\title
[Abundances in H\,{\normalsize \textit{II}} regions]
{Abundances in H\,{\Large \textbf{II}} regions}
Complex mathematics can cause problems with links, so
might require adding a less formatted short version of the heading:
2 FINDING Mg II ABSORBERS AT z > 2
\section
[Finding Mg II absorbers at z > 2]
{Finding M\lowercase{g}\,{\sevensize II} absorbers
at $\lowercase{\bm{z > 2}}$}
Using square brackets in headings can cause additional
linking problems, which are solved by wrapping them in {. . . }:
2.1 [C II] 158µm emission
\subsection
[{[C II] 158$\umu$m emission}]
{[C\,{\sevensize II}] 158$\bmath{\umu}$m
emission}
Use \text{} (not \rm) for non-variables in mathematics, which preserves the formatting of the surrounding text.
For the same reasons, use \textit{} for italics (not \it).
3.1 Measuring Teff from Gaia photometry
\subsection{Measuring $\bm{T}_\text{eff}$ from
\textit{Gaia} photometry}
APPENDIX C: ADDITIONAL COMMANDS FOR
EDITORS ONLY
The following commands are available for the use of editors and
production staff only. They should not be used (or modified in the
template) by authors.
MNRAS 000, 1–10 (2015)
Source Exif Data:
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