Tranzeo Wireless Technologies 49PSS-CM9 Wireless Networking Device User Manual TR 49 rev 2 0 pub

Tranzeo Wireless Technologies, Inc Wireless Networking Device TR 49 rev 2 0 pub

users manual

QUICK START GUIDE FOR THE TRANZEO WIRELESS TR-49 REVISION 2.0a JANUARY 2ND, 2006
FCC Information This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a Residential environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communication. Operation in the 4940-4990 MHz band is restricted to the U.S. Operation in this range is restricted to the Public safety bands. Use of these bands is restricted to entities that meet the requirements listed the FCC Part 90.20 Public Safety Pool and are properly licensed to operate a transmitter in the Public Safety band in accordance with Part 90Y of the technical rules can operate in the 4940-4990 MHz band. FCC regulations state in Part 90, operation in the 4.9-GHz band requires frequency coordination before the system can be operated. Operation of this equipment in residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his or her own expense. The user should not modify or change this equipment without written approval from Tranzeo Wireless. Modification could void authority to use this equipment. For the safety reasons, people should not work in a situation which RF Exposure limits be exceeded. To prevent the situation happening, people who work with the antenna should be aware of the following rules 1. Install the antenna in a location where a distance of 65 cm from the antenna may be maintained. 2. While installing the antenna, do not turn on power to the unit. 3. Do not connect the antenna while the device is in operation. 4. The antenna used for this transmitter must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter. Safety Notices Safety Precautions: YOU MUST READ AND UNDERSTAND THE FOLLOWING SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS BEFORE INSTALLING THE DEVICE: • This antenna’s grounding system must be installed according to Article 810-15, 810-20, 810-21 of the National Electric Code, ANSI/NFPA No. 70-1993. If you have any questions or doubts about your antenna grounding system, contact a local licensed electrician. • Never attach the Grounding Wire while the device is powered. • If the ground is to be attached to an existing electrical circuit, turn off the circuit before attaching the wire. • Use the Tranzeo POE only with approved Tranzeo models. • Never install Radio Equipment, surge suppressors, or lightning protection during a storm. A BRIEF WORD ON LIGHTNING PROTECTION The key to a Lightning Protection is providing a harmless route for lightning to reach ground. The system should not be designed to attract lightning, nor can it repel lightning. National, State and local codes are designed to protect life, limb and property, and must always be obeyed. When in doubt, consult contact an electrician or professional trained in the design of grounding systems.
Introduction This next-generation wireless LAN device – the TRANZEO TR-49, brings Ethernet-like performance to the wireless realm. The TRANZEO TR-49 also provides powerful features such as the Internet-based configuration utility as well as WEP and WPA security. Maximize network efficiency while minimizing your network investment and maintenance costs. TR-AP Quick Start Guide Hardware Installation Product Kit Before installation, make sure that you have the following items: • The TR-49 x 1 • DC Power Adapter x 1 • Power over Ethernet Adapter x 1 • Ethernet Boot x 1 • Mounting Bracket x 1 • Kept Nuts (With Washer Attached) x 8 • U-Bolt w/ 2 Nuts x 1 • RJ-45 Patch Cable x 1 • Ethernet Boot Gasket x 1 • Ethernet Cable Lock x 1 If any of the above items is not included or damaged, please contact your local dealer for support. In this Manual, the symbol  will be used to indicate changes that were introduced in Version 2.0.
Mechanical Description LED panel of the Wireless LAN Smart Access Point The following table provides an overview of each LED activity: LED Definition Activity Description In AP mode the signal lights indicate the following: Power Supply ONLY use the power adapter supplied with the TR-49. Otherwise, the product may be damaged. Label Color Indicators POWER Red On: Powered On Off: No Power LAN Green On: Ethernet Link Flashing : Ethernet Traffic Off: No Ethernet Link Radio Amber On: Radio Link Flashing Radio Activity Off: No Radio Link Signal Red/Amber/Green In CPE mode, light up in sequence to indicate signal strength Color Indicators Red On: WEP/128 Enabled Flashing: WEP/64 Enabled Off: WEP Off Amber On: WPA/AES Enabled Flashing : WPA/TKIP Enabled Off: WPA Off Amber No Function in 4.9 Green On: ACL Enabled Off: ACL Off Green On: WDS Enabled Off: WDS Off
Hardware Installation Take the following steps to set up your TR-49. Site Selection: Before installation, determine the TR-49 unit’s location. Proper placement of the unit is critical to ensure optimum radio range and performance. You should perform a Site Survey to determine the optimal location. Ensure the CPE is within line-of-sight of the Access Point. Obstructions may impede performance of the unit. Tools Required to Install • One 3/8 wrench • One 3/4 wrench • One RJ-45 crimper • A suitable length of Cat 5 cable to bring the signal from the unit to the Power over Ethernet Adaptor • 2 RJ-45 Jacks Before installing, you must determine if the unit will be in the horizontal or vertical orientation. The TR-49 model can be mounted in either orientation. The Ethernet boot should always be placed so that the cable runs toward the ground for maximum environmental protection.
Connecting the Ethernet Cable Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Place the Ethernet Boot Cover over the end of your Cat 5 cable. Attach Ethernet Cable Lock on side of the Ethernet Boot. This is easiest to do before you attach the RJ-45 Jack. Tighten using a ¾” wrench or socket. Tighten until the Cable Lock touches the Boot as shown in Step 3.
Step 4 Step 5 Step 7 Repeat steps 2 & 3 to attach the second Ethernet Cable Lock if you purchased the optional dual port boot. Place Sealing Gasket over screws. Insert the Cat 5 Cable and tighten the Boot Cover. Be sure to pull enough cable through to reach the RJ-45 connector with an RJ-45 jack at-tached. The Gasket must be attached to the Boot so that it sits between the radio and the boot. Hand tighten only. DO NOT OVERTIGHTEN as you may damage the environment seal. Remove gasket backing and place boot cover on radio. This will ensure that you attach the sticky side of the gasket to the underside of the Ethernet Boot. Make sure the Gasket is free of gaps. Step 6
Step 8 Attaching the Mounting Bracket Grounding the Antenna Using a #6 Green grounding wire, connect the Grounding Lug on the radio to a proper ground. See APPENDIX A Lighting Information for more information. Place the Ethernet boot over the 4 Screw Posts. Apply 4 Kept nuts to the screw posts and tighten until the gasket makes full contact with the Ethernet boot. The gasket should be at least 50% compressed. As shown below, the U-Bolt is designed to mount around a pole. Tighten bolts sufficiently to prevent any movement. Down or up tilt can be adjusted by swinging the unit before tightening the U-Bolt. Optional dual port boot specific note. If you are not going to be using the second port make sure that it is tightened down to ensure a weather-tight seal.
Connect the Power Cable Dual Ethernet Ports The TR-49 has two Ethernet port available. Port A is used to connect to the radio in the radio in the case. Port B is used to power and provide Ethernet connectivity to additional devices. This allows for the daisy chaining of multiple devices together. Connect the power adapter to the power socket on the Power over Ethernet Adaptor (POE), and plug the other end of the power into an electrical outlet. Plug the RJ-45 Ca-ble from the unit into the POE. The Station Adaptor will be powered on and the power indicator on the top panel will turn on. NOTE: ONLY use the power adapter sup-plied with the Access Point. Otherwise, the product may be damaged. This unit must be grounded. Connect the Green Grounding Cable to a known good earth ground, as outlined in the National Electrical Code.
HTML Interface NOTE: The default IP address is 192.168.1.100 The default User Name is admin The default Password is default Passwords Information When you first enter the Web Interface, you will be required to enter a new recovery password. This password is intended to allow the ISP to change the password of the device if they forget it. This password must be different than the operator password. Neither password can be left at default. These passwords must be changed to access the device. If you do not enter new passwords, you will return to this webpage. In the frame on the left, select the option you wish to configure.
Wireless Settings SSID The SSID is a unique ID given to an Access Point. Wireless clients associating to the Access Point must have the same SSID. The SSID can have up to 32 characters. Visibility Status Makes the AP visible or invisible to clients. Channel Sets the channel that the AP and clients will use TX Rate The rate at which the radio will communicate with the clients. NOTE: Setting this rate below the maximum possible does not limit bandwidth, and often has a negative impact on the operation of your network. RTS Threshold (0-3000) Select RTS that works best in your location. A general rule of thumb is the more clients you have, the lower the value should be set. Fragmentation Threshold Select Fragmentation that works best in your location. The lower the Fragmentation, the smaller the packets. Link Distance Sets the distance of the link for correct ACK timing. ACK Timeout Tuning (µs) For fine tuning the ACK timing if required. Beacon Interval Sets the rate at which the AP will broadcast its beacons. DTIM Interval Sets the DTIM (Delivery Traffic Indication Message) Interval. Helps to keep marginal clients connected by sending wake up frames. Burst Time Sets the Burst Time in ms. which will be used to send data without stopping. Note that other wireless devices in that network will not be able to transmit data for this number of microseconds. 802.11d Enabled Enable 802.11d mode. Not used in operation in the United States or Canada. Block Inter-Client Traffic Select to block wireless communications between clients on the AP. Power Cap (dBm) Sets the output power of the radio. Preamble You can now set the preamble type: Long or Auto. Auto tries Short first, then Long. Long uses Long only. This feature was added to workaround some competitive AP’s that did not support Auto Preamble. PXP How to: To operate the radio in PXP mode, one radio needs to be set to Access Point and the other set to Infrastructure. ♦ Set the SSID to be the same on both radios ♦ Channel is set by the AP ♦ Enter in the opposite radios’ MAC ad-dress into the PxP Mac address field on both radios (no colons) ♦ Check off “PxP Mode Enabled” Note: The LEDS on the radios will operate the same as in Infrastructure mode, with LEDS pro-portional to signal strength.
Image File Name Enter the location of the Firmware update file, or use Browse to locate the file in your PC, and then press “Upgrade Soft-ware” Defaults Returns all settings to factory defaults. Device Name The network name of the device. User Name The access user name. Password/Confirm Password Enter the password for accessing the device Ext. Info Enabled Enable extended information. Extended information is only displayed with Tranzeo Wireless Technologies Access Points. Signal / Status LEDs Un-select to turn off the LEDs on the unit. SMNP Parameters Here you set the Read Community string and Contact / Location data. It is highly recommended that you change the SNMP Read Community string immediately to prevent unauthorized scanning of your network. Version 2.0 supports MIB-II and the 80211 mib. Note: The in and out values are in 64 bit values to accommodate the high amount of traffic that could pass through a backhaul link. This should not impact any monitoring program. Administrative Settings
WDS (Wireless Distribution System) is a modification to the 802.11 spec that allows AP to communicate directly with each other. WDS allows users to spread out coverage to a larger area without the need for a backhaul link. The tradeoff is that overall throughput is greatly affected for all users of the AP’s linked. WDS is not recommended for use with large numbers of clients, or in cases where throughput needs to be maximized. In cases were large numbers of users are involved, or maximum throughput is need a dedicated PxP link should be used. However, in areas of low density WDS can allow an ISP to extend coverage into an area at very low cost. Enabled Select this box to enable WDS HOW TO SET UP WDS ♦ Default the Unit to factory settings. ♦ Check the Wireless Settings of the APs. ♦ SSIDs can be different but the Channels MUST be the same ♦ Under the WDS settings add in the MAC address of the PEER. Unit A gets Unit B's ad-dress, Unit B gets Unit A's address. Do not insert colons or commas. ♦ Click 'Apply' ♦ Ping a station connected to the opposite end. It should reply. Considerations for the Use of WDS 1) WDS Links do not appear in the station list or the performance tab. If you need to be able to monitor the link’s strength and performance you should use PxP mode. 2) Throughput is cut by 50% per link. 3) WDS does not support WPA encryption. 4) All links need to be on the same channel. WDS
Security Settings—Basic Security Settings—Advanced Enabled Turn On WEP Authentication Select Open or Shared Key Authentication Key Length Level of Encryption. NOTE: 64 bit is referred to as 40 bit on some systems Default Key Choose the default WEP key Activate Keys Enter your WEP keys. NOTE: Keys must be entered in HEX only. Enabled Turn On WPA Cipher Type Select the Level of Encryption. TKIP or AES PSK Enter your password Update Interval Enter the update interval Enabled Turn on 802.1x RADIUS Server Au-thentication RADIUS Server IP Address Enter the server IP Timeout (min) Enter the timeout period RADIUS Server Shared Secret Enter the name of the server Server Port Enter the port of the server
This document is intended for Public Distribution 19473 Fraser Way Access Control Enable Access Control Select this box to enable access control. Associated Wireless Devices Click any devices to disassociate them Wireless Devices Available Click any wireless device that should be associated with the AP Associate With This Station Manually Enter the MAC address of a client and then click “add” to associate with it. Changes to Access Control NOTE: If you are working via a radio link, the first MAC you should add is the address of the station you are connecting from. Otherwise, you will lock yourself out of the radio. 1. The Manually Authorize Stations section allows you to enter a long list of MAC address. 2. You can also select specific station that are already authorized and copy them to the Manually Authorize Stations box. 3. Data in the Manually Authorize Stations box can be copied to the clipboard to be pasted into another unit or a text file. 4. The Move button moves the MAC Address from Manually Authorize Stations to the Unauthorized list and vice versa.
This page displays a list of the stations associated with the AP and their connection statistics. The first column is simply the order in which the stations are stored in the Station Table. The second column is the name field. If the device is a Tranzeo 49, and it has the Extended Info option turned on in the Administrative Settings Window, then the device name will appear here. Otherwise, the field will be blank. You can enter a name into the field by left clicking onto the field and typing the name in. This name will be retained. However, if the Extended Info is turned on at the client, the name will be overwritten with the name on the client. The third column is the IP address. As with the name, if the client supplies it via the Extended Info option, it will appear. Otherwise you can manually enter it. The fourth column in is the Status field. The fifth column is the RF power in dBm as detected at the AP. This is one element of a strong link, the signal of the client end being another. Links should also be at least 10 dB higher than the receive sensitivity of the weakest element or the noise floor, whichever is higher, on both sides. The sixth columns shows the radio speed of the link. Speed is based on both signal strength and the quality of the link. If the link is losing a lot of packets due to poor Fresnel zones or interference, the speed will be lower than the strength can support. Stations List (AP Mode Only)
ARP Table  This feature was added as a troubleshooting screen. It shows the devices which have sent either a broadcast or directly tried to communicate with the device. Under normal circumstances, there should be a limited number of entries in this table, especially if you have interstation blocking turned on at the AP.
Network Configuration – Bridge Mode This page allows you to control the network configuration of the device. You can choose Static or DHCP Client IP configuration for the device. Note: If you select DHCP, and a DHCP server is not pre-sent, the device will try to get an IP for up to 5 minutes. At the end on 5 minutes, it will fall back to a static IP. You can then locate it using the Locator Program and change it back to static. You can also set the Ethernet Speed on this page. Note: Many Ethernet devices do not auto-negotiate prop-erly. If you see large numbers of dropped pings, you may be have collisions. Try locking the device at 10 / Half as a troubleshooting step. If the packet losses stop, step up to 100 / Half. If the device the radio is connecting can not support 100 / Half, you should replace the device or place a switch in line. Network Configuration – Router Mode You can choose Static, DHCP or PPPoE Client IP configuration for the device. Each of these options are explained on the following pages. Note: If you select DHCP, and a DHCP server is not present, the device will try to get an IP for up to 5 minutes. At the end on 5 minutes, it will fall back to a static IP. You can then locate it using the Locator Program and change it back to static. If you select a PPPoE client, and no PPPoE server can be found, you may be not be able to access the device from the WAN side. You will still be able to access it from the non-PPPoE interface. You can also set the Ethernet Speed on this page. Note: Many Ethernet devices do not auto-negotiate properly. If you see large numbers of dropped pings, you may be have collisions. Try locking the device at 10 / Half as a troubleshooting step. If the packet losses stop, step up to 100 / Half. If the device the radio is connecting can not support 100 / Half, you should replace the device or place a switch in line.
This document is intended for Public Distribution 19473 Fraser Way DHCP Server Configuration Subnet Mask Subnet mask for the DHCP pool. Address Range Starting Address The starting address of the DHCP pool. The addresses are sequential starting with the Starting Address. Number of Addresses The number of addresses you want to have in the DHCP pool Gateway Select This Unit to use the gate-way set on the WAN interface of the radio or select Other to set a different gateway address. DNS WAN-Assigned Select to use the DNS server addresses as assigned on the WAN side. Static Select to set DNS servers if different than those on the WAN side. Note: If you select this option but leave the field blank or set to 0.0.0.0 the client will not get a DNS server value of 0.0.0.0. You must enter a value into this field to use a static DNS. Domain Name and WINS operate the same as DNS.
Routing is an incredibility complex topic that is way beyond the scope of a QuickStart or Manual. This screen is intended for those users who have a strong understanding of IP Routing. Misconfiguration on this screen could result in serious network problems or even the loss of functionality. Menu Options Static Routes—Adds a new route to the IP routing table. System Routes—This section shows the current routing table entries. Interface—Specifies whether the entry will be enabled or disabled, and what interface it should use transmit the packet. IP Address—The IP address or network that the packets will be attempting to access Subnet Mask—Used to specify which portion of the Destination IP signifies the network trying to be accessed and which part signifies the host that the packets will be routed to. Note: 255.255.255.255 is used to signify only the host that was entered in the Destination IP field. Gateway—Specifies the next hop to be taken if this route is used. A gateway of 0.0.0.0 implies there is no next hop, and the IP address matched is directly connected to the router on the interface specified: Metric—The number of hops it will take to reach the Destination IP or network. A hop is considered to be traffic passing through a router from one network to another. If there is only one router between your network and the Destination network, then the Metric value would be 1. Default Route—Allows the user to change the default route of the radio. This option should be used with extreme caution. Static Routing Setup Screen
QOS Menu Options Uplink Speed ( Mbps) Sets the maximum total pipe size for this client. The order and traffic size is determined based on this value. Dynamic Fragmentation Reduce delay for high-priority traffic and adaptive fragmentation where the fragmentation is determined by the uplink speed. This feature greatly improves the gaming and VOIP experience. Automatic Classification In vast majority of cases, this is all you need to select for best results. Applications such as VOIP, Gaming, etc are automatically given priority. QOS RULES If you chose to add you own rules, here are the various options: Enabled You must select enabled to turn the rule on Priority The lower the number, the higher it priority. 0 is the highest priority and 255 in lowest. Name The name here is for your reference only. Protocol Enter the IP Protocol Number Common options are: 0 for ANY, 1 for ICMP, 6 for TCP, and 17 for UDP. See Appendix A – IP Protocol numbers. Source IP Range Enter the range of the IP Addresses on the LAN side that the rule should apply to Enter 0.0.0.0 to apply the rule to all LAN IPs, otherwise enter the highest and lowest IP. For a single IP enter the same IP in both boxes Source Port Range Enter the range of the Ports on the LAN side that the rule should apply to. Enter 0 to apply the rule to all Ports. For a single port enter the same port in both boxes Destination IP Range Enter the range of the IP Addresses on the WAN side that the rule should apply to. Destination Port Range Enter the range of the Ports that on the WAN side the rule should apply To.
Cloning MAC This is a new feature. It allows the CPE the clone the MAC of the device behind it. This feature can be useful when dealing wth some PPPoE and Radius Implimentations. When the device is in Cloning MAC mode, it can only be managed from the LAN side of the device. Port Management  Port Forwarding This is a new feature. It allows the radio to forward requests for certain ports to devices behind the router. For example, the customer has a webserver behind the Radio on a Private Ip that they want to have accessable to the world, then you can port forward all requests on Port 80 to 192.168.1.2. Note: In order for this example to work, the management port of the radio would have to changed from port 80 on the Network Configuration screen. 80 80 192.168.1.2
 Port Filtering This is a new feature. It allows the radio to block requests for certain IP’s or ports to and from devices behind the router. For example, if a customer wishes to block access to FTP from this network to the outside world, you would 1. Click Add 2. Select Deny 3. Select Source IP Range. Assuming that the clients are on 192.168.1.0/24, then the source IP would be 192.168.1.1 to 192.168.1.254 4. Select Desintination IP Range. Assuming that the entire outside world was to be blocked, then 0.0.0.0 should entered. 0.0.0.0 indictes all IP’s 5. Select Source Port Range. In this case, enter 0 for all Ports 6. Ignore ICMP type. This field allows you to block certain types of ICMP as a prevention against port scanning and some viruses 7. Select the Protocol. In this case it would be TCP 8. You must click Apply Changes to save the rule
This document is intended for Public Distribution 19473 Fraser Way Select Refresh Rate Each radio button represents a Refresh Rate. Many browsers do not allow infinite refreshes of a page through scripts, so this page may stop updating. If it does, simply change the Refresh rate to another value to restart the process. Associated Access Point Information about the access point is displayed here. Some items will only be displayed if the Access Point is a Tranzeo TR-49 series AP with the Extended Info turned on in the Administrative Settings Window. Receiving This box displays the current signal and the Lowest and Highest values. For the most accurate readings, data must be transmitted through the unit. Transmission This box displays the current signal traffic breakdown. For the most accurate readings, data must be transmitted through the unit. Beacons are always transmitted at the lowest possible rate. This screen only shows the values dur-ing the refresh rate. For more detailed statistics so the Statistics screen System This box displays the current Memory usage. It will fluctuate during normal usage. This data is mainly for the use of Tranzeo Wireless Technical Support. System Performance (CPE and PxP Modes only)
Statistics The Statistics Screen is divided into 3 main areas, UMAC*, LMAC* and Ethernet. For Radio Troubleshooting, the UMAC statistics are likely the most useful. The UMAC breaks down the statistics into Good and Bad Packets, whereas LMAC defines why the packets are bad. The statistics are further divided into TX, RX and INT. TX and RX values are useful to ISPs and other users. The INT (Internal) stats are intended for use by Tranzeo Wireless Technical Support. * Technical Info: UMAC or Upper MAC functions occur in the Unit’s Processor. LMAC or Lower MAC functions occur in the Radio Chipset. You can click onto each speed level and see how the traffic breaks down. In the TX statistics, there should little to no Tries at Series 2, 3 or 4. The radio will try to send a packet 4 times at Series 1, and then tries the next series 4 times. In the RX stats, you should look for Bad CRC’s and Bad Decrypts for signs of RF interference or Fresnel interference links. Bad PHY’s generally are caused when the radio is unable to decode the packets due to noise. Note: Communication between APs and Stations always occurs at the lowest rate. In a normal link you should see a fair number of transactions at the lowest rate.
The failed packets should be 1% or less in a normal operating environment. In the TX statistics, there should little to no Retransmits at Series 2, 3 or 4. Life Statistics are reset on each reboot. In the Ethernet Statistics screen, excessive collisions are usually a sign that the radio and the device it is linked to are not on the same Duplex options. One is at full while the other is at half. Try locking both to the same values. Collisions do normally occur on an Ethernet network and are generally handled by the Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detect (CSMA/CD) mechanism. Alignment, Length and Excessive FCS errors could the result of a Bad Radio Link, or a bad Ethernet cable.
What is a proper Ground? This antenna must be grounded to a proper Earth Ground. According to the National Electrical Code Sections 810-15s and 810-21, the grounding conductor shall be connected to the NEAREST accessible locations of the following: a) The building / structure grounding electrode b) The grounded interior metal water piping system c) The power service accessible means external to enclosure d) The metallic power service raceway e) The service equipment enclosure f) The grounding electrode conductor The important thing is to connect to ground at the nearest point. Why is coiling the LMR or CAT5 bad? The myth is that lighting follows the path of least resistance. It actually follows the path of least impedance. Coiling cables creates an air-wound transformer, which lowers the impedance. This means you are in fact making your radios a more appealing target for surges. What standard does Tranzeo Wireless equipment meet? This radio exceeds International Standard IEC 61000-4-5 when properly grounded. For a copy of the full testing report, see Report Number TRL090904 - Tranzeo Surge Protection board located on the Tranzeo website. Is lightning damaged covered by the Warranty? No. Lightning is not covered by the warranty. If you follow the instructions, you chances of lightning damage are greatly reduced, but nothing can protect a radio from a direct lightning strike. Where to Ground the device This radio must be grounded at the Pole AND at the POE. This is because the radio is between the Exterior Antenna and the POE ground. See the examples below APPENDIX A: Lightning Information
Ungrounded Radio Grounded Radio Antenna POE Radio Ground An ungrounded radio causes the surge to pass through the radio. In this case the radio most likely will be damaged. POE Antenna Radio Ground A grounded radio causes the surge to pass directly to ground, bypassing the radio.
. Cat 5 Cable POE In this case, the surge will be picked up by the Cat 5 cable, and since the POE is not grounded, the route for the surge is through the radio to the antenna, and out through the building. Mounting Pole Mounting Pole In this case, the surge will be picked up by the Cat 5 cable, and since the POE is grounded, the route for the surge is through the POE to ground. Cat 5 Cable POE Ground
Best Practices 1) Always try to run the Cat5 and LMR inside of the mounting pole wherever possible. This helps to insulate the cable from any air surges. 2) Keep all runs as straight as possible. Never put a loop into the cables. 3) Test all grounds to ensure that you are using a proper Ground. If using a electrical socket for Ground, use a socket tester, such as Radio Shack 22-141 4) Buy a copy of the National Electrical Code Guide and follow it. 5) If you are in doubt about the grounding at the location, drive your own rod and bond it to the house ground. At least you will know that one rod is correct in the system. Cat 5 Cable Building
APPENDIX B: QoS QoS Tranzeo Wireless Technologies’ software takes full advantage of technology to ensure a consistently high quality on-line experience through the use of powerful Quality of Service (QoS) mechanisms. The key to making this applicable in a WISP environment is the Intelligent Stream Handling, a patent-pending algorithm which autonomously manages the flow of traffic going to the Internet, without the need for user configuration. As a result, real-time, interactive traffic, such as gaming, VoIP and video teleconferencing, are automatically given the appropriate priority when other users and applications use the connection. In addition, Intelligent Stream Handling minimizes the impact of large packet, lower priority traffic on latency-sensitive traffic and eliminates delays. Tranzeo Wireless Technologies’ software effectively eliminates the lag and breakup problem in online gaming and other voice/video applications. In today's broadband environment the impact of just one data stream running in parallel with a real-time application can be quite dramatic. Using NetIQ's Chariot VoIP test measurement over a connection, it can be demonstrated that introducing a single FTP transfer in the upstream direction will reduce the Mean Opinion Score (MOS) for a G.729 VoIP codec from a very good 4.4 to a completely unacceptable level of 1 immediately. Using the same scenario with Tranzeo Wireless Technologies’ QOS enabled, the voice quality remains consistently high with an MOS of 4.4, and maintains that level even with multiple FTP streams. ♦ Automatic Traffic Classification: Tranzeo Wireless Technologies’ software has the capability of continually monitoring and classifying traffic on the Internet connection, and dynamically adjusting the way individual streams are handled at any point in time. This enables latency-sensitive traffic, such as voice, games or even web page requests, to be given a relatively high priority. As a result, these packets are sent to their destination first, reducing delay and jitter. Less time-sensitive traffic such as email or file transfers are sent at lower priority. Since Intelligent Stream Handling operates automatically without the need for user configuration, it is able to effectively make use of 255 priority levels for fine-grained control of the packet streams. ♦ Rate Matching: A process called "rate matching" determines the bandwidth of the broadband uplink automatically so that it can shape the traffic to smooth the flow between the router and the Internet. This eliminates the potential bottlenecks and delays that can be caused by "bursty" data traffic. ♦ Dynamic and Adaptive Link Fragmentation: Low priority traffic is also fragmented to reduce the latency and jitter that can be introduced by long packets. Intelligent Stream Handling adjusts the fragment size based on the uplink speed and also stops fragmenting long packets when no latency-sensitive traffic is waiting to be sent, to improve the overall efficiency of the broadband link and ensure voice can sustain a high MOS rating.
Packet In Automatic ClassificationNon-latency-sensitive trafficDynamic FragmentationQueueHigh Priority High Priority Rate MatchingLow – Priority or excess TrafficQueueHigh PriorityIntelligent Stream Handling adjusts the fragment size based on the uplink speed and also stops fragmenting long packets when no latency-sensitive traffic is waiting to be sent, to improve the overall efficiency of the broadband link and ensure voice can sustain a high MOS*rating.Tranzeo’s software has the capability of continually monitoring and classifying traffic on the Internet connection, and dynamically adjusting the way individual streams are handled at any point in time. This enables latency-sensitive traffic, such as voice, games or even web page requests, to be given a relatively high priority. As a result, they are sent to their destination first, reducing delay and jitter. Less time-sensitive traffic such as email or file transfers are de-prioritized. A process called "rate matching" determines the bandwidth of the broadband uplink automatically so that it can shape the traffic to smooth the flow between the router and the Internet. This eliminates the potential bottlenecks and delays that can be caused by "bursty" data traffic.InternetQOS Block Diagram 1/13/2006Tranzeo Wireless Technologies*Mean Opinion Score (MOS)
Decimal Keyword Protocol ======= ======= ============== 0 HOPOPT IPv6 Hop-by-Hop Option 1 ICMP Internet Control Message 2 IGMP Internet Group Management 3 GGP Gateway-to-Gateway 4 IP IP in IP (encapsulation) 5 ST Stream 6 TCP Transmission Control 7 CBT CBT 8 EGP Exterior Gateway Protocol 9 IGP private interior gateway 10 BRM BBN RCC Monitoring 11 NVP-II Network Voice Protocol 12 PUP PUP 13 ARGUS ARGUS 14 EMCON EMCON 15 XNET Cross Net Debugger 16 CHAOS Chaos 17 UDP User Datagram 18 MUX Multiplexing 19 DCN-MEAS DCN Measurement 20 HMP Host Monitoring 21 PRM Packet Radio Measurement 22 XNS-IDP XEROX NS IDP 23 TRUNK-1 Trunk-1 24 TRUNK-2 Trunk-2 25 LEAF-1 Leaf-1 26 LEAF-2 Leaf-2 27 RDP Reliable Data Protocol 28 IRTP Internet Reliable Transaction 29 ISO-TP4 ISO Transport Class 4 30 NETBLT Bulk Data Transfer 31 MFE-NSP MFE Network Services 32 MERIT-INP MERIT Internodal Protocol 33 SEP Sequential Exchange 34 3PC Third Party Connect 35 IDPR Inter-Domain Policy Routing Protocol 36 XTP XTP 37 DDP Datagram Delivery 38 IDPR-CMTP IDPR Control Message Transport Proto 39 TP++ TP++ Transport Protocol 40 IL IL Transport Protocol 41 IPv6 Ipv6 42 SDRP Source Demand Routing 43 IPv6-Route Routing Header for IPv6 62 IPv6-Frag Fragment Header for IPv6 45 IDRP Inter-Domain Routing 46 RSVP Reservation Protocol 47 GRE General Routing Encapsulation 62 MHRP Mobile Host Routing Protocol 49 BNA BNA 50 ESP Encap Security Payload for IPv6 51 AH Authentication Header for IPv6 52 I-NLSP Integrated Net Layer Security 53 SWIPE IP with Encryption 54 NARP NBMA Address Resolution 55 MOBILE IP Mobility Decimal Keyword Protocol ======= ======= ======== 56 TLSP Transport Layer Security using Kryptonet key management 57 SKIP SKIP 58 IPv6-ICMP ICMP for IPv6 59 IPv6-NoNxt No Next Header for IPv6 60 IPv6-Opts Destination Options for IPv6 61 any host internal protocol 62 CFTP CFTP 63 any local network 64 SAT-EXPAK SATNET and Backroom EXPAK 65 KRYPTOLAN Kryptolan 66 RVD MIT Remote Virtual Disk 67 IPPC Internet Pluribus Packet Core 68 any distributed file system 69 SAT-MON SATNET Monitoring 70 VISA VISA Protocol 71 IPCV Internet Packet Core Utility 72 CPNX Computer Protocol Network Executive 73 CPHB Computer Protocol Heart Beat 74 WSN Wang Span Network 75 PVP Packet Video Protocol 76 BR-SAT-MON Backroom SATNET Monitoring 77 SUN-ND SUN ND PROTOCOL-Temporary 78 WB-MON WIDEBAND Monitoring 79 WB-EXPAK WIDEBAND EXPAK 80 ISO-IP ISO Internet Protocol 81 VMTP VMTP 82 SECURE-VMTP SECURE-VMTP 83 VINES VINES 84 TTP TTPord Protocol 85 NSFNET-IGP NSFNET-IGP 86 DGP Dissimilar Gateway Protocol 87 TCF TCF 88 EIGRP EIGRP 89 OSPFIGP OSPFIGP 90 Sprite-RPC Sprite RPC Protocol 91 LARP Locus Address Resolution 92 MTP Multicast Transport Protocol 93 AX.25 AX.25 Frames 94 IPIP P-within-IP Encapsulation 95 MICP Mobile Internetworking Control 96 SCC-SP Semaphore Communications Sec. 97 ETHERIP Ethernet-within-IP Encapsulation 98 ENCAP Encapsulation Header 99 any private encryption scheme 100 GMTP GMTP 101 IFMP Ipsilon Flow Management 102 PNNI PNNI over IP 103 PIM Protocol Independent Multicast 104 ARIS ARIS 105 SCPS SCPS 106 QNX QNX 107 A/N Active Networks 108 IPComp IP Payload Compression 109 SNP Sitara Networks Protocol
APPENDIX D: Common TCP Ports See http://www.iana.org/assignments/port-numbers for a full list of Well Known Port Numbers. Keyword Port Description ======= ==== =========== ECHO 7 Echo SYSTAT 11 Active Users QOTD 17 Quote of the day MSP 18 Message Send Protocol FTP-DATA 20 File Transfer (Data Channel) FTP 21 File Transfer (Control) TELNET 23 Telnet SMTP 25 Simple Mail Transfer NAME 42 TCP Nameserver BOOTPS 67 Bootstrap Protocol Server BOOTPC 68 Bootstrap Protocol Client TFTP 69 Trivial File Transfer WWW 80 World Wide Web KERBEROS 88 Kerberos POP3 110 TCP post office NNTP 119 USENET NFS 2049 Network File System SIP 5060, 5061 SIP 108 IPComp IP Payload Compression 109 SNP Sitara Networks Protocol 110 Compaq-Peer Compaq Peer Protocol 112 VRRP Virtual Router Redundancy 113 PGM PGM Reliable Transport 114 any 0-hop protocol 115 L2TP Layer Two Tunneling Protocol 116 DDX D-II Data Exchange (DDX) 117 IATP Interactive Agent Transfer 118 STP Schedule Transfer Protocol 119 SRP SpectraLink Radio Protocol 120 UTI UTI 121 SMP Simple Message Protocol 122 SM SM 123 PTP Performance Transparency 124 ISSIS ISIS over IPv4 125 FIRE 126 CRTP Combat Radio Transport 127 CRUDP Combat Radio User Datagram 128 SSCOPMCE 129 IPLT 130 SPS Secure Packet Shield 131 PIPE Private IP Encapsulation within IP 132 SCTP Stream Control Transmission 133 FC Fibre Channel 134-254 Unassigned 255 Reserved

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