3Com SRWL-306 WLAN Access Point User Manual AP8UG

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11 Mbps
bps Wireless LAN
Acce
ccess Point 8000
U se r G u i d e
Version 1.0
http://www.3com.com/
http://support.3com.com/registration/frontpg.pl/
Published January, 2002
Version 1.0
3Com Corporation
Copyright © 2002 3Com Corporation. All rights reserved. No part of this documentation may be reproduced
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adaptation) without written permission from 3Com Corporation.
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to time without obligation on the part of 3Com Corporation to provide notification of such revision or change.
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UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT LEGEND
If you are a United States government agency, then this documentation and the software described herein
are provided to you subject to the following:
All technical data and computer software are commercial in nature and developed solely at private expense.
Software is delivered as “Commercial Computer Software” as defined in DFARS 252.227-7014 (June 1995)
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Unless otherwise indicated, 3Com registered trademarks are registered in the United States and may or may
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CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
Setting up a Wireless Network 1
Wireless and Wired Networks 1
Network Security and RADIUS Support
AP8000 Feature Summary 2
Installation Overview 3
Software Utilities 4
INSTALLING THE ACCESS POINT
Before You Begin
Deciding Where to Place Equipment
Connecting the Standard Antenna
Placing the Access Point
Mounting on a Wall
Mounting on a Ceiling
Connecting Power
Connecting to an Ethernet Network
Checking the LEDs
Antenna Options
10
10
11
Omnidirectional Antenna
11
Ceiling Mount Omnidirectional Antenna
Ceiling Mount Hallway Antenna
Directional Panel Antenna
12
Connecting an Optional Antenna
13
ACCESS POINT SECURITY
Security Configuration Options
15
Using the Wireless 802.1X Agent
Authentication and Login
802.1x Client Properties
11
12
16
16
17
MANAGING THE WIRELESS LAN
Overview
19
Starting the Device Manager
Selecting a Device
19
19
The Pre-IP Configuration Wizard
20
Installing the Management Device on a Computer
21
Using the Configuration Management System
System Configuration
Access Point Properties
Network Properties
22
22
Data Transmission Properties
Security
23
24
AP Encryption
24
User Access List
25
RADIUS Authentication and Accounting
Management
TFTP Setup
26
26
System Log Setup
26
27
Upgrade System
27
Downloading Upgrade Files
Installing an Upgrade
27
27
Change Administration Password
Configuration Backups
Statistics
27
28
28
System Status
29
Restoring an Access Point to Factory Defaults
Interoperating with Third-Party Equipment
26
26
SNMP Management
Tools
21
21
29
CONDUCTING A SITE SURVEY
Choosing Trial Locations
31
Environmental Requirements
Electrical Requirements
31
32
Summary of the Survey Procedure
Using the Site Survey Tool
Launching the Tool
33
33
Configuring the Site Survey
Running the Tests
33
33
Interpreting Test Results
Site Survey Menus
32
32
Setting up Equipment
35
36
TROUBLESHOOTING
TECHNICAL SUPPORT
Online Technical Services
39
World Wide Web Site
39
3Com Knowledgebase Web Services
3Com FTP Site
Support from 3Com
39
39
Support from Your Network Supplier
40
40
29
INDEX
REGULATORY COMPLIANCE INFORMATION
1
INTRODUCTION
The 3Com wireless product family lets you set up a local area network (LAN)
without the restraints of network cabling. If your office already has an Ethernet
LAN, the 3Com 11 Mbps Wireless LAN Access Point 8000 can extend the network
without additional cabling. The access point security features will also extend the
security of installed wired networks to include all wireless components.
Setting up a Wireless
Network
The type of network you configure depends on the size of your office and whether
you require a connection to a wired LAN. A simple configuration consists of an
access point and several clients. The clients can associate with the wireless
network anywhere within the coverage area of the access point.
For more complex requirements, you can configure several access points as
separate networks at the same site. The access points use different network
identifiers called wireless LAN service areas (WLAN service areas) or Extended
Service Set Identities (ESSID). Client computers can roam within the coverage areas
of access points that have the same WLAN service areas.
Wireless and Wired
Networks
An access point can be connected to a wired LAN by an Ethernet cable acting as a
bridge between the wired and wireless networks. In this configuration, the access
point provides the link between the wired network and wireless clients. Clients can
move freely throughout the service area of the access point and remain associated
with the larger network, allowing client access to the full range of network
services.
For complete wireless coverage, several access points can be connected to an
existing LAN. Wireless clients can roam freely between different access points with
the same WLAN service areas and remain associated with the larger network.
Network Security and
RADIUS Support
The Access Point 8000 provides a multiple-layer security solution, supporting the
IEEE 802.1x, Remote Access Dial-In User Service (RADIUS) Authentication, and the
Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP). If you do not have a centralized RADIUS
server, the access point’s Dynamic Security Link manages network login. The
access point’s internal data base supports up to 1000 users.
2
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
The security configuration options include:
Authentication
Encryption
Description
802.11 standard
No encryption
Basic area network name with no encryption.
40-bit shared key
Standard WiFi Requirement to insure
Open
802.11 standard
40-bit shared key
802.11 standard
interoperability.
128-bit shared key
128-bit shared key
Strong encryption. Compatible with other
vendors' 128-bit shared key scheme including
AirConnect, Agere, and Cisco.
Dynamic Security Link
128-bit dynamic key
128-bit dynamic key
3Com proprietary scheme to enable user-level
authentication with 128-bit dynamic per user,
per session key.
802.1x/RADIUS
No encryption
RADIUS authentication using the MD5
Authentication
40-bit shared key
authentication method (username- and
(EAP-MD5)
128-bit shared key
password-based) and access point encryption.
802.1x/RADIUS
40-bit dynamic key
Certificate-based mutual RADIUS
Authentication
128-bit dynamic key
authentication with 40 and128-bit Dynamic
(EAP-TLS)
encryption key.
802.1x/RADIUS
40-bit dynamic key
Mutual RADIUS authentication
Serial Authentication
128-bit dynamic key
implementation base on proposed IEEE draft.
(EAP-TLS, EAP-MD5)
Uses 3Com Universal Client Certificate to
allow client and RADIUS to mutually
authenticate (EAP-TLS) and perform User
authentication (EAP-MD5).
AP8000 Feature
Summary
Clear channel select
When initializing, automatically scans the frequency spectrum and
selects the channel with the least interference.
Power over Ethernet
Powered over the Ethernet cable to reduce the number of cables.
Access point discovery
Clients and network administrators can discover access points and
ESSIDs within the same network segment. The network
administrator can also discover, manage, and upgrade access
points across routers by means of the 3Com Network Supervisor
(3NS).
Rate control
Rate Control options available in the access point to select
Optional, Required, or Not Used.
Transmit power control
Adjustable power level from minimum to maximum to extend
transmission range.
Roaming within segments
Allows client to roam between access points within the same
segment.
User support
Supports up to 256 simultaneous users, regardless of mode of
operation.
DHCP support
Uses DHCP to obtain a leased IP address and network
configuration information from a server. If the network has no
DHCP server, the access point’s internal DHCP server assigns IP
addresses to clients in a stand-alone wireless network.
SNMP and MIB interfaces
SNMP, HP OpenView, and 3Com Network Supervisor (3NS).
Support for multiple
Simultaneous setup and configuration of multiple access points, as
access points
well as simultaneous upgrades.
Bulk configuration and profile download capability.
Authentication features
Supports RADIUS authentication between the wireless client and
the RADIUS servers, in conjunction with the IEEE 802.1x.
Installation Overview
802.1x Support
Port-based network access control utilizes the physical
characteristics of the switched LAN infrastructures to authenticate
devices attached to a LAN port, and prevent access to that port in
cases where the authentication process fails.
Encryption
Supports 40-bit and 128-bit shared encryption, and 128-bit
dynamic encryption key. Compatible with Cisco and Agere/Lucent
Access Points and Clients, Microsoft
Management tools
Web server in the access point supports device configuration and
management through your web browser. Access point software
tools run under Windows 95, 98, 98se, Me, WinNT 4.0 SP4 or
above, Windows 2000, and Windows XP. The 3Com Network
Supervisor discovers and displays a map of all Wireless Clients
within a segment. Built-in Web server simplifies firmware
upgrades. Web-based interface requires Java script support and so
is compatible with Internet Explorer 5.0 or greater and Netscape
Communicator 6.0 or greater.
Installation Overview
Choose the best place for the installation (flat surface, wall, or acoustical ceiling).
Look for a location away from equipment that might cause radio interference. The
site should be elevated and centrally located relative to the users on your wireless
network.
Make sure that you are familiar with the following items and have them available
where required for your installation:
■
Access point
■
3Com Integrated Power-over-Ethernet power supply and power cord
■
Standard category 5 straight (8-wire) Ethernet cable
■
Mounting hardware (for wall- or ceiling-mount installations)
It may be useful for you to conduct a site survey before permanently installing the
access point. See “Conducting a Site Survey” on page 31.
Install the access point following the steps outlined in “Installing the Access Point”
on page 5.
Connect the access point to the power supply and connect the power supply to a
power source. (If you use your own power-over-Ethernet hub or switch, ensure
that your equipment also complies with the IEEE 802.3af standard.)
If you are linking your wireless network to your wired Ethernet network, run an
Ethernet segment from the To Hub/Switch port on the power brick to a LAN port.
(Be sure you do not connect the Ethernet segment to the port labeled To Access
Point. Doing so may damage network components.)
After hardware installation is complete, install the access point tools, utilities, and
user guide from the installation CD.
To set access point security or configure the wireless network, refer to “Managing
the Wireless LAN” on page19.
To set up a wireless client to authenticate through the access point to your RADIUS
server, refer to “Using the Wireless 802.1X Agent” on page16.
For information on improving the signal between the access point and a wireless
client, see “Antenna Options” on page 11.
4
HAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
Software Utilities
The 3Com Administrator Utilities CD includes tools and utilities to help you set up
and administer the wireless components of your network. Software tools and
utilities are presented as Tools and Utilities options on the main menu of the CD
and include:
■
Install the Utility Software and Documentation.This option installs the
Wireless Infrastructure Device Manager Tool which you can use to monitor
access points and select devices for administrative changes. It also installs the
Site Survey Tool and product documentation in other languages as translations
become available.
■
Install TFTP Server Tool. A TFTP server is required for firmware upgrades and
for backing up and restoring access point configuration files. This option
launches 3CDaemon, which installs a TFTP server for you. You do not have to
select this option if you already have a TFTP server set up.
■
Install 802.1x Client Tool. This option installs the Wireless Authentication
Agent for 802.1x support. If you will be using the access point in conjunction
with a RADIUS authentication server, you must install this agent on each
wireless client PC in the network. On systems running Windows XP this agent
is not required because 802.1x support is built into the operating system.
■
Install the 3Com Network Supervisor. The 3Com Network Supervisor is a
centralized network management software program. It is not required for
managing access points. It is included for sites that require centralized network
management and are not already using an SNMP-based tool.
■
Install the 3Com Network Supervisor Service Pack 2. This is an upgrade
package for the 3Com Network Supervisor. You should install the service pack
only after installing the 3Com Network Supervisor.
■
Install Adobe Acrobat Reader. For users who do not already have Acrobat
Reader for viewing the PDF documentation, a current version is included on the
CD.
■
Install Internet Explorer 5.5. For users who do not already have a browser
that supports the HTML version 4 (required for the Configuration Management
System user interface), a current version of Internet Explorer is included on the
CD. If you need to change or upgrade to a browser that supports the HTML
version 4 interface of the Configuration Management System, you can install
this software.
2
Before You Begin
INSTALLING THE ACCESS POINT
The following items are required for installation:
■
■
3Com Integrated Power-over-Ethernet power supply and power cord.
Standard category 5 straight (8-wire) Ethernet cable for connecting the access
point to the power supply. This length of cable must reach from the access
point to the power supply.
If you plan to connect the access point to a wired network, you will need an
additional length of Ethernet cable.
■
If you plan to mount the access point on a wall:
■
Mounting template
Wall mount hardware kit
If you plan to mount the access point to the T-rail grid of an acoustical ceiling:
■
■
■
Mounting bracket
■
Two #6 panhead screws
For advanced installations, we recommend that you conduct a site survey before
permanently installing the access point. A site survey tool is provided on the
3Com Administrator Utilities CD. To conduct the survey, you must also use the
administrator utilities to set up a wireless client. See “Conducting a Site Survey”
on page 31.
CAUTION: Only professional network personnel should install the access point,
cables, and antennas.
After hardware installation is complete:
■
Install the access point tools, utilities, and user guide from the installation CD.
■
Review the default system settings and ensure they are suitable for your site.
■
If required, use the administrative utilities to change configuration parameters.
See “Using the Configuration Management System” on page21.
For the latest networking information, see the 3Com Corporation World Wide
Web at:
http://www.3com.com/
6
CHAPTER 2: INSTALLING THE ACCESS POINT
Deciding Where to
Place Equipment
Select a clean, dry location that provides good reception. The site should not be
close to transformers, heavy-duty motors, fluorescent lights, microwave ovens,
refrigerators and other equipment.
If you are connecting the access point to a wired network, the location must
provide an Ethernet connection. The power supply also requires an Ethernet
connection, and in addition must be located near a power source. An Ethernet
cable will have to run from the power supply to the access point.
An access point provides coverage at distances of up to 1000 feet. Signal loss can
occur if metal, concrete, brick, walls, or floors block transmission. If your office has
these kinds of obstructions, you may need to add additional access points to
improve coverage.
If you plan to use one the available optional antennas instead of the standard
detachable antennas, review “Antenna Options” on page 11 before selecting the
final location and be sure to allow for routing the antenna cable.
Do not install the access point in wet or dusty areas without protection. Make sure
the temperature ranges between –20° C to 55° C (–4° F to 131° F).
Connecting the
Standard Antenna
The access point is supplied with standard detachable antennas. These should be
attached before the access point is installed.
Carefully unpack the standard detachable antennas.
Screw an antenna into each of the sockets in the access point housing.
Hand-tighten the antennas.
Position the antennas so they turn out and away from the access point at a
45-degree angle.
As a rule, the initial orientation of the antennas should be perpendicular to the
floor. After network startup, you may need to adjust the antennas to fine-tune
coverage in your area.
Depending on the coverage required for your site, you may want to replace the
standard detachable antennas with one of the external antennas available for use
with the access point. See “Antenna Options” on page11 .
The standard detachable antennas do not have an electrical connection between
the mask mount and the coaxial cable shield. However, adding a lightning arrestor
will correct this situation by grounding the outer shield as recommended. Some
arrestor designs provide over-voltage protection for the signal sent down the
cable. If you use such a design, be sure tha t
it can pass signals used in the 2.5GHz
signal range. Many inexpensive units are available with F connectors, but these are
typically designed for cable TV-UHF applications and may degrade the signals in
the band used by the wireless bridge.
Placing the Access Point
Placing the Access
Point
The access point can be placed on a flat surface such as a table or desktop or it
can be mounted on a wall or to theT-rail grid of an acoustical ceiling. If you
choose a flat surface, select one clear of obstructions and provides good
reception. Place the access point and adjust the antenna so that the arms point up
and away from the access point at a 45-degree angle.
Mounting on a Wall
To mount an access point on a wall, follow the instructions on the mounting
template supplied in the box and refer to the following illustration. Preferably,
mount the access point near the ceiling above any obstructions that could block
transmission. Position the antenna so that the arms point out and away from the
access point at a 45-degree angle
CHAPTER 2: INSTALLING THE ACCESS POINT
To mount an access point to theT-rail grid of an acoustical ceiling, you must first
attach the mounting bracket to the access point as shown.
TO
ER
PO
LY
PP
SU
Align the T-rail grips with the ceiling T-rail, adjusting them so they grip the T-rail
snugly. Tighten the screws on the T-rail grip. Position the antenna so that the arms
point down and away from the access point at a 45-degree angle.
SE
RE
TO
PO
ER
SU
LY
PP
Mounting on a Ceiling
SE
RE
PO
IR
ER
ER
ET
EL
ES
ET
NOTE: After installation, there may be some play in the fit of the T-rail grips on the
T-rail. This is likely due to the size of the T-rails but should not prevent a secure
grip.
Connecting Power
Connecting Power
The access point is powered by the 3Com Integrated Power-over-Ethernet power
supply, which provides power over a standard category 5 straight (8-wire) Ethernet
cable. This eliminates the need to run standard power directly to the access point.
The power supply can be located at any point between the access point and the
LAN access port (if you plan to connect to a wired LAN), where a convenient
power outlet exists.
NOTE: The access point is IEEE 802.3af compliant. Before connecting the access
point to your own power-over-Ethernet hub or switch, ensure that your
equipment also complies with the IEEE 802.3af standard.
When you connect the power make sure you connect the cable to the port labeled
To Access Point on the power supply. When the access point receives power, the
LEDs light.
CAUTION
: If you supply your own Ethernet cable for connecting power, be sure
that it is standard cable that has not been altered in any way. Use of
nonstandard cable could damage the access point.
PO
ER
NE
HE
S ET
ES
EL
IR
RE
SE
TO
PO
ER
SU
PP
LY
TO
AC
CE
PO
IN
TO
HU
/S
IT
CH
Connecting to an
Ethernet Network
Use a standard Ethernet cable to connect the access point to an Ethernet network,
as shown below.
CAUTION
: To avoid damaging other components connected to the network,
make sure that the Ethernet cable connected to the LAN port is plugged into the
To Hub/Switch port on the power supply (not the To Access Point port).
PO
ER
ET
RN
HE
S ET
ES
EL
IR
RE
SE
TO
PO
ER
SU
PP
LY
TO
AC
CE
PO
IN
TO
HU
/S
IT
CH
Ethe
rnet
Checking the LEDs
Table 1
LED
Description
Power
■
On—Access point has power.
■
Off—Access point is not receiving power.
■
Blinking—The access point is operating. The blink speed ranges from
Wireless
approximately once every 2.5 seconds to approximately 10 times per
second, depending on the signal strength and transmission speed.
■
Ethernet
■
Off—The access point is not receiving power.
Blinking—Wired LAN traffic is detected. Faster blinking indicates
heavier traffic.
■
Off—There is no wired LAN connection or the access point is not
receiving power.
Antenna Options
Antenna Options
11
The standard detachable portable antenna supplied with the access point is a
multi-purpose antenna suitable for a variety of environments, including office
LANs, physical plants, and factory floors. If your site has special requirements that
might be served by different types of antenna, four optional antenna models are
available, as shown below:
Model number
3CWE490
3CWE492
3CWE497
3CWE498
Design and type
Omnidirectional
Ceiling-mount
Ceiling-mount
Directional Panel
(fiberglass)
omnidirectional
hallway
(indoor/outdoor)
Frequency Range
2.400-2.4835 GHz
2300-2500 Mhz
2300-2500 Mhz
2300-2500 Mhz
Gain
4 dBi
2.5 dBi
4 dBi
8 dBi
VSWR across band
< 1.5:1
< 1.35:1
< 1.5:1
< 1.5:1
50 Watts
10 Watts
20 Watts
Max. power input
°
°
°
°
°
°
°
°
Temperature range
-40 C to +80 C
-40 C to +80 C
-40 C to +71 C
-40 C to +80 C
Dimensions (inches)
10” (height)
4.25 (diameter)
2.6 x 1.8 x 0.2
5.1 x 4.7 x 1.5
Weight
5.34 oz.
8 oz.
2 oz.
8 oz.
12” RG58/U
12” LMR100
12” RG58/U
Cable
Omnidirectional Antenna
The fiberglass omnidirectional
antenna (model number 3CWE490)
is designed for use in harsh indoor
environments. It can be centrally
located on the ceiling to provide
uniform coverage over a wide area.
This antenna features a built-in
matching network that eliminates
the need for a ground plane.
This antenna can be mounted on
the ceiling by means of a standard
ceiling-mount bracket. Before
installing, ensure that access is
available for cable routing.
Ceiling Mount Omnidirectional Antenna
The ceiling-mount omnidirectional
antenna (model number 3CWE492)
is designed to cover large, open
areas. It should be located at or near
the center of the ceiling of a large,
open area (such as an open office
space divided into cubicles) to
provide uniform coverage in all
directions.
It is mounted by means of a single-hole stud mount, and so can be fixed easily to
drop ceiling tiles or to a solid ceiling surface where cable routing access is
available.
Ceiling Mount Hallway Antenna
The ceiling-mount hallway antenna
(model number 3CWE497) has a
bidirectional design that makes it
ideal for use in long corridors. Its
small size means it can provide
extended WLAN coverage with
minimum visibility.
This model includes a bracket for
quick installation on standard
one-inch ceiling rails. In addition,
mounting holes allow for installation
to any flat surface with screws.
Directional Panel Antenna
The ceiling, wall, and corner-mount
flat-panel directional antenna
(model 3CWE498) provides stable
coverage both indoors and
outdoors.
The panel can be mounted virtually
anywhere and in any orientation.
The flat-panel antenna directional
operates with a gain of 8 dBi.
Depending on the country where
the access point is being installed,
there may be transmit power
restrictions:
■
When using this antenna in the United States, Canada, Mexico, Argentina,
Brazil, Taiwan, Malaysia, New Zealand, Colombia, India, and Peru, no
transmission power restrictions apply.
■
In all other countries , transmit power is limited to 100 MW. You must manually
select Low or Medium power from the Data Transmission Properties page of
the configuration management system. See “Data Transmission Properties” on
page 23 for information on manually selecting transmission levels.
By default, the access point automatically selects the optimal channel for network
broadcasts. If you are using this antenna in France or Singapore, you must
manually select from channels 10–13. See “Data Transmission Properties” on
page 23 for information on manually selecting radio channel settings.
Antenna Options
Connecting an Optional
Antenna
13
To ensure the physical safety of anyone near the antenna and to prevent damage
to the access point, follow the building codes for antenna installations in your
area. Also, keep the following considerations in mind:
■
When connecting the optional antenna to the access point, remember to use
only the A-side connector on the access point.
■
While aligning the antenna, you may want to use the Site Survey tool
(preferably installed on a mobile PC that can be used at the antenna site) to
adjust the antenna to achieve the maximum possible received signal strength.
See “Using the Site Survey Tool” on page 32 for more information.
Position the antenna so that there are minimal
"A" side
obstacles between it and any client with which
it will communicate. While maintaining a direct
line of sight between the antenna and a client
is not strictly necessary, such an arrangement
helps to ensure a strong signal. Ensure that
access is available for routing the antenna cable
from the antenna to the access point.
If they are installed, remove both arms of the
the standard detachable antenna.
Connect one end of the optional antenna cable
to the antenna.
Secure the antenna in place and rout the
antenna cable to the access point.
Connect the free end of the antenna cable to
the A side connection on the access point.
Make certain that antennas and antenna masts
are appropriately grounded to prevent injury or damage from lightning strikes.
3
ACCESS POINT SECURITY
The access point multiple-layer security solution supports IEEE 802.1x, Remote
Access Dial-In User Service (RADIUS) Authentication, and Extensible
Authentication Protocol (EAP). If you do not have a centralized RADIUS server, the
access point’s Dynamic Security Link manages network login.
The access point supports any RADIUS implementation compliant with RFC 2865
and following standard EAP, RFC 2284, 2716, 2548 protocols. However, while
supporting 802.1x / RADIUS authentication, 3Com does not supply RADIUS
software or configuration instructions other than what is applicable for access
point configuration. Refer to your system administrator for RADIUS software or
configuration parameters for your site.
Before you can authenticate a PC-based wireless client through your RADIUS
server, you must install and run the Wireless Authentication Agent. See “Using
the Wireless 802.1X Agent” on pag e16.
Security Configuration
Options
Open Network. The open-network option assumes that neither authentication
nor encryption are required. Network security is achieved by means of the wireless
network area name or SubSystemID (SSID).
40-bit Shared Encryption Key (Wi-Fi) Settings. For this option, the network
administrator sets up encryption keys for the wireless network and supplies users
with an encryption string or hexadecimal keys. You must set up encryption keys on
both the client and access point. This option can be used with local access point
authentication or with EAP-MD5 RADIUS authentication.
128-bit Shared Encryption Key Settings. This option is compatible with 128-bit
shared key from other vendors, including 3Com AirConnect, Agere, and Cisco.
The network administrator sets up encryption keys for the wireless network and
supplies users with an encryption string or hexadecimal keys. You must set up
encryption keys on both the client and access point. This option can be used with
local access point authentication or with EAP-MD5 RADIUS authentication.
3Com 128-bit Dynamic Security Link Encryption Settings. 3Com’s proprietary
128-bit Dynamic Security Link is built into the access point and permits user-level
authentication. Users must log in with username and password.
Once
authenticated, the access point dynamically creates a unique 128-encryption key
for the user for that session. Since the access point has a built-in username and
password database that support up to 1000 names, encryption keys do not have
to be supplied. This option can be used only with local access point
authentication.
16
CHAPTER 3: ACCESS POINT SECURITY
802.1x RADIUS. The IEEE 802.1X standard specifies a general method for the
provision of port-based network access control. It provides an architecture
framework for User-RADIUS authentication through an authenticator such as a
wireless access point or a switch.
Based on the IEEE 802.1x standard for port-based network access control,
standard security protocols such as EAP and RADIUS provide centralized user
identification, authentication, dynamic key management and accounting.
The access point supports several authentication methods, including EAP-MD5,
EAP-TLS, and serial authentication, each of which enables different levels of
authentication and encryption based on the requirements of your site. In addition,
it supports RADIUS Accounting per RFC2866: Username, Start time, Stop time,
and Packet input/output. When a client is successfully authenticated to a RADIUS
authentication server and RADIUS accounting service is enabled, the RADIUS client
sends information to the RADIUS accounting server that can generate accounting
information and reports.
3Com does not supply RADIUS software or configuration instructions other than
what is applicable for access point configuration. Refer to your system
administrator for additional third-party software and configuration information.
The access point supports any RADIUS server that complies with RFC 2865 and
follow the standard EAP, RFC 2284, 2716, 2548.
Using the Wireless
The Wireless Authentication Agent lets wireless clients associate with the access
802.1X Agent
point and authenticate with the RADIUS server that resides on the wired network.
Before you can authenticate a PC-based wireless client through your RADIUS
server, you must install and run the Wireless Authentication Agent, you will need a
copy of the agent on each client computer with a RADIUS server account. Clients
that run Windows 95, 98, ME, NT, or 2000 require the 802.1x client tool in order
to authenticate to the server.
The Wireless Authentication Agent can be installed from the 3Com Administrator
Utilities CD. Clients running under Windows XP have 802.1x support enabled
through the operating system and do not require the agent. Although it is not
required on Windows XP systems, you may still install and use it. This might be
preferred if you want all PC wireless clients at your site to use the same procedures
and interface for authentication to your RADIUS server.
Authentication and
Login
Once installed, authentication becomes part of the client computer’s startup
process.At login, it prompts for user name and password. The user name and
password must match the user name and password kept by the RADIUS server for
that user. The status icon in the system tray monitors the authentication process.
The user can access the authentication agent software from the agent icon in the
system tray to log off or log on manually. When a computer is logged off
manually, the agent suspends the authentication process until the next login and
connection to an access point.
Using the Wireless 802.1X Agent
802.1x Client Properties
17
The Properties window (right-click the agent icon in the system tray) opens the
Properties window where you can configure the agent for the type of
authentication the client should use.
The checkbox at the top enables access control using 802.1x. This function must
be enabled for the authentication to work. If this box is unchecked, the remainder
of the window is grayed out.
Use the Network Adapter field to select the network adapter to use for
connections requiring authentication. The list box lists all the network adapters
found in the computer.
Use the Authentication Method field to specify the authentication method used
for this connection. The Wireless Authentication Agent supports two types of
authentication:
■
EAP MD5
■
EAP Serial Authentication
This option is used for connections using 3Com wireless LAN PC cards. If the
user selects EAP Serial Authentication, the agent checks whether a suitable
card is used for the network connection. If not, it reports an error.
4
Overview
MANAGING THE WIRELESS LAN
If your 3Com wireless lan has only one access point, a few clients, and no special
security requirements, you can use the 3Com 11 Mbps Wireless LAN Access Point
8000 just as it was shipped from the factory. If your network is more complex, you
will want to organize access points so that you can maintain a secure network and
manage the wireless LAN easily.
These tools help you manage the wireless LAN:
■
3Com Wireless Infrastructure Device Manager—The Device Manager starts
up with a display of the 3Com infrastructure devices on the same network
segment as your workstation. You can use this map to locate 3Com wireless
LAN devices on the network, select a device, view its properties, and launch the
configuration management system.
The Wireless Infrastructure Device Manager can also be installed on a third
party wireless client or on a desktop computer connected to the network. See
“Installing the Management Device on a Computer” on p a g e22.
■
3Com 11 Mbps Wireless LAN Access Point 8000 Configuration
Management System—The Configuration Management System resides on
the access point and lets you configure that access point through your Web
browser. For instructions on accessing this tool, see “Selecting a Device”
below.
Starting the Device
Manager
Make sure that the 3Com Wireless Infrastructure Device Manager is installed. The
device to be configured must be either connected directly to the computer or
associating with the wireless network, and it must be connected to power. If you
have more than one device connected, make a note of the MAC address of the
device you want to select so that you can identify it in the device manager.
To launch the devicema n a g e r, select
Start / Programs / 3Com Wireless
Infrastructure Device Manager / 3Com Wireless Infrastructure Device Manager .
If you have more than one network adapter installed on your computer, you may
be prompted to choose a network adapter. Choose the appropriate adapter and
click OK.
Selecting a Device
The Wireless Network Tree appears in the 3Com Wireless Infrastructure Device
Manager window. The tree lists all WLAN service areas on the network and
expands to show the 3Com wireless LAN devices that are associated to each
service area. Devices in a different subnet than your computer are identified with
20
CHAPTER 4: MANAGING THE WIRELESS LAN
exclamation points (!). You can refresh this display by clicking
Refresh . You should
refresh the display, for example, after you change a device IP address.
In the Wireless Network Tree, select the device you want to configure.
If more than one wireless LAN device appears in the tree and you are not sure that
you have selected the right one, click
Properties and check the MAC address to
verify that it is the one you want.
Click
Configure.
If the selected device is on the same subnet as your computer, the Configuration
Management System main page appears in your Web browser. If your workstation
and the device are on different subnets, it launches the Pre-IP Configuration
Wizard described below.
The following table describes the functions of the buttons in the 3Com Wireless
Infrastructure Device Manager window.
Button
Description
Properties
Displays the following properties of the selected device: Device Name, Device
Type, wireless LAN service area ID (ESSID), IP Address, Subnet Mask, and MAC
Address.
Configure
Launches the Configuration Management System for the selected device. If
the selected device is on a different subnet, you are prompted to assign an
address on the same subnet as your computer.
Refresh
Scans the network and displays the connected 3Com 11 Mbps Wireless
LAN devices.
Choose NIC
If your computer has more than one network interface card installed, allows
you to choose which card you want to use.
The Pre-IP Configuration
Wizard
Close
Closes the device manager window and ends the session.
Help
Launches the device manager help page in your browser.
The Pre-IP Configuration Wizard lets you specify the IP settings that will be
configured on the selected wireless device. It will propose IP address and subnet
mask settings derived from the computer to match its subnet. You can accept the
suggested settings or change them as required.
If the selected device is on a different subnet, the device manager helps you to
assign an IP address on the same subnet as your computer. You may accept the
address offered or enter an address and click
Next . The next window prompts for
an administrative password to allow the new IP address to be set. If this is the first
time the device is being configured, leave the password field blank and click
Next .
The Configuration Management System main page appears in your Web browser.
The password screen prompts for the administration password for the selected
device. When the units are shipped from the factory, there is no administration
password and you should leave the password field blank. If an administration
password has been set for the device, enter the password and click Finish.
Using the Configuration Management System
Installing the
Management Device on
a Computer
21
The device manager can be installed on a third party wireless client or on a
desktop computer wired to the LAN.
Turn on the computer.
Put the 3Com Administrator Utilities CD in the CD-ROM drive.
In the main screen, click Tools and Utilities.
In the next screen, click Install the Administration Tool .
Follow the instructions on the screens to complete the installation.
After you install it, you can launch the tool by double-clicking the 3Com access
point Management icon on your computer desktop, or, from the Windows Start
menu select Start/Programs/3Com 11 Mbps Wireless LAN Administrator
Utilities/3Com access point Management .
The Wireless Network Tree appears in the Wireless Infrastructure Device Manager
window.
Using the
Configuration
Management System
The Configuration Management System lets you view and modify the
configuration settings on individual access points one device at a time.
The software is viewed on your browser (Internet Explorer 5 or higher or Netscape
Communicator 6 or higher) as a hierarchical structure of web pages. The left-hand
frame contains a navigation tree. You may select which page to view by clicking
on the page names in the navigation tree. The corresponding pages are displayed
in the right frame of the window.
The Configuration Management System is password protected. If you are starting
it for the first time, it asks you to enter and confirm an administrative password.
Otherwise, it prompts for the current administration password. You can change
the administrative password from the Change Administrative Password page
under Tools (see “Change Administration Password” on page 27).
NOTE: Any changes you make on any of the configuration pages must be saved
before you leave the page. Otherwise, the settings will revert back to the current
settings. New settings are applied to the device as each save operation is
completed.
Each page has a question mark icon in the upper right corner that you can use to
find help on the contents of that page.
System Configuration
The system configuration parameters are concerned with high-level network
management, including:
■
Access point properties
■
Network properties
■
Data transmission properties
22
CHAPTER 4: MANAGING THE WIRELESS LAN
Access Point Properties
The Access Point Properties screen displays the properties of the selected access
point. You can change properties by entering values in the fields and clicking the
radio buttons (see the following table). When you are finished, click
Submit.
The following table describes the properties.
Property
Description
Default Value
Device Name
This name appears in the Known Access Points
3ComAccessPoint_
List window. You can change the default name
(where
to one of your choice.
four hex digits of the
xxxx
xxxx is the last
MAC address)
Device Location
Optionally, you can enter the location of the
None
access point.
WLAN Service Area
To enable clients to roam among multiple
3Com Wireless Network
access points, the access points must have
identical WLAN service areas. To maintain
wireless association, the WLAN service area on
the client and the access point with which it is
associated must mat c hexactly. Therefore, if
you are associated with the access point that
you are configuring and you change the access
point WLAN service area, make sure to change
the client WLAN service area also.
Help File Location
■
Web Server: Help files are located on the
Local Drive
network at the specified Help File Path.
■
Local Drive: Help files are located on your
computer at the specified Help File Path.
Help File Path
The location of the Configuration
D:WLAN?APHELP
Management System help files on the web
server or on the local drive.
Network Properties
The
Network Properties screen appears, where you can change the settings shown
in the table below.
Setting
Description
Access Point Network
This setting lets you change the IP address of the access point.
To let the access point get an IP address automatically from a DHCP
Obtain an IP address automatically and click Save.
To specify an IP address, click Specify an IP address, enter the IP address
parameters in the spaces provided, and click Save.
server, click
If you change the IP address, you cannot continue to configure the
access point using the old IP address. Therefore, if you want to
continue configuring this access point after you save this change, you
must do the following:
Close your browser.
Return to the device manager Wireless Network Tree and click
Refresh.
Select the access point and click
Configure to start a new
configuration session.
When you specify an IP address, the access point cannot act as a DHCP
server. Make sure that clients are using IP addresses on the
same network.
System Configuration
23
Setting
Description
Wireless DHCP Server
If your wired network has a DHCP server, it is recommended that you
use it. However, the access point provides a DHCP server so that
operating systems that do not support automatic IP addressing can
communicate with it.
The access point’s default IP address is 169.254.xxx.1, where xxx is the
last two bytes of the access point’s MAC address. When it is acting as a
DHCP server, the access point can assign up to 253 IP addresses to
currently associated wireless clients. The IP addresses range from
169.254.xxx.2 to 169.254.xxx.254.
If the access point detects that another DHCP server is available, all
wireless clients get IP addresses from that DHCP server.
If your wired LAN DHCP server goes down, the access point assigns IP
addresses after the lease periods on the previous IP addresses expire.
To let the access point act as a DHCP server when there is no other
DHCP server available, click
Enable
and click
Save
To turn off the access point DHCP server capability regardless of
whether or not another DHCP server is available, click
click
Gateways
Save
Disable
and
You can specify up to three additional gateway IP addresses. These
settings are optional. (Only the default gateway is required).
Data Transmission
Properties
The Data Transmission Properties screen lets you select radio channel settings and
performance settings.
■
Auto Channel Select
—To allow the access point to find a channel
automatically, click the Automatically select the best channel radio button.
When this option is enabled, the access point scans the primary channels to
determine the traffic on those channels and chooses the channel with the least
number of packets.
■
If you are using a high-gain antenna such as the optional flat-panel
directional antenna (model 3CWE498) in France or Singapore, you must
manually select from channels 10–13. See “Data Transmission Properties”
on page 24 for information on manually selecting radio channel settings.
■
The access point will select between channels 1–13. If your network
supports clients that do not acknowledge 13 channels, you will have to
manually select a channel within the reach of those clients. For example, if
you have clients that only support channels 1–11
To select a specific channel, click the Specify the channel check box and choose
a channel from the Channel list.
■
Network Traffic Accelerator
—To increase performance, click On (Enhanced
performance) . If you experience problems when equipment other than 3Com
11 Mbps Wireless LAN equipment is being used, click Off.
■
Data Preamble
—To increase performance, click Short (Enhanced
performance) . When equipment that does not support short preamble is also
being used, click Long.
■
Data Rate
—These settings configure the data rates used for wireless
transmissions. By default, the access point selects the best data rate for the
current connection.
■
If “Automatically set the best data rate” is selected, the Data Rate cannot
be selected manually.
24
HAPTER 4: MANAGING THE WIRELESS LAN
■
If “Manually set the data rate” is selected, the 5.5Mbps and 11Mpbs
options become active. You may not alter the settings for the 1Mbps and
2Mbps rates since these rates must always be available to transmit certain
types of wireless traffic.
The data rates may either be Required or Optional. When the data rate is set to
Optional, the AP determines if it is appropriate to use that data rate or if the
signal strength requires a lower data rate to be used. If the data rate is set to
Required, the AP does not have the option to modulate to a lower data rate,
and may lose connection with signals that cannot support the higher data rate.
■
Beacon Period
—The beacon period sets the amount of time between
beacons sent out from the AP.
■
Radio Antenna
—These settings determine whether the radio will use one or
two antennas. If the user attaches an external antenna, this parameter should
be set to Diversity Off. Generally, if the radio is using the built-in antennas, this
parameter should be set to Diversity On to maximize the transmission and
reception qualities of using both antennas.
Transmit Power
—You can adjust the transmit power between High, Medium,
and Low. These settings may need to be adjusted for compatibility with
different types of external antennas that have different gains. These
adjustments may be required to be legally compliant with the communications
regulations in certain countries. For example, if you are using a high-gain
antenna such as the optional flat-panel directional antenna (model 3CWE498)
in the United States, Canada, Mexico, Argentina, Brazil, Taiwan, Malaysia, New
Zealand, Colombia, India, and Peru, no transmit power restrictions apply. If you
are using it in any other country, however, you must manually select Low or
Medium power.
Security
In addition to providing wireless encryption, access point security can be
integrated with upper layer authentication provided by a RADIUS server on the
wired LAN using IEEE 802.1X support. (For a description of security settings, see
the chapter on Access Point Security.) The Security screens let you manage these
features for each access point.
AP Encryption
The Security Setup page lets you select the type of security to be used on the
access point. The access point can be configured to support one type of security at
a time. You can change the settings by entering values in the fields and clicking
the radio buttons. If you use shared keys, you must enter all the keys, then click a
radio button to specify which key to use.
Security
25
The following table describes the settings. To maintain wireless association, the
settings on clients and all the access points they associate with must
match exactly.
Setting
No Security (Open System)
Description
No encryption is used. The network communications could be
intercepted by unintended recipients.
40-bit Shared Key (Wi-Fi)
This option encrypts the wireless transmissions to protect
data, but still permits communication among compatible
wireless LAN clients and access points from third-party
manufacturers.
This type of security requires you to set up encryption in one
of the following ways:
■
An encryption string is a string of characters between 6
and 30 characters long. The string can be any combination
of letters and numbers and is case sensitive. The
encryption string can be used only with other
3Com 11 Mbps wireless PC Cards and AccessPo ints.
■
Hexadecimal keys are sequences of hexadecimal digits
arranged into four keys. A hexadecimal digit may be a
letter from A to F or a number from 0 to 9. This type of
encryption is compatible with equipment from other
manufacturers that use Wi-Fi certified 40-bit encryption.
128-bit Shared Encryption Key
This option is compatible with 128-bit shared key including
Settings.
from other vendors, including AirConnect, Agere, and Cisco.
The network administrator sets up encryption keys for the
wireless network and supplies users with an encryption string
or hexadecimal keys. You must set up encryption keys on
both the client and access point.
128-bit Dynamic Security Link
This is the highest level of security, requiring a user name and
password to access the wireless LAN. The user name and
password set up on the access point must match those set up
on the client. Each network session creates a unique,
one-time encryption code. If you choose this type of security,
you must also set up access control as described in “User
Access List” on page25.
If you check the
Require Windows user authentication check
box, clients will be required to enter a user name and
password every time they associate with the network. If you
leave this box unchecked, the system will authenticate clients
based on the access control list and the saved passwords on
the clients.
User Access List
If you configure an access point for 128-bit Dynamic Security Link, there must be
at least one entry in the User Access List. The User access List determines which
users are allowed access to the access point. You can define up to 1000 users.
Change User Password . Select the user name and click
Change user password . In the next page, change the password in the spaces
provided and click OK. If you click Reset , the radio button is cleared and you can
To modify a password, click
choose another user name.
26
HAPTER 4: MANAGING THE WIRELESS LAN
RADIUS Authentication
and Accounting
The RADIUS Authentication/Accounting screen lets you define the servers to be
used for RADIUS authentication and accounting functions. You must set up
authentication and accounting parameters if you plan to enable any type of
RADIUS authentication as configured on the Encryption page. These include
primary authentication and dynamic key exchange servers, along with primary and
secondary accounting servers as required. If you enter an invalid IP address for any
of the servers, an error message is displayed.
Once an accounting server is set up, you can turn accounting on or off from this
screen. If the servers are set up and accounting is turned off, the settings remain
saved.
Management
The Management pages let you configure the access point for use with third-party
SNMP management programs and specify the TFTP server you will use for various
administrative functions, including backing up and restoring access point settings
and setting up the access point system log.
SNMP Management
The SNMP Management screen lets you set up the configuration for using the
access point in conjunction with third-party SNMP management programs. From
this page, you can:
■
Modify the Read Only or Read Write community names. Activation of either
Modify button displays the corresponding page where the community names
can be set.
TFTP Setup
■
Identify one or two host machines to receive SNMP traps.
■
Identify which traps to send to the trap host or hosts.
A TFTP server must be set up in order to perform firmware updates, backups, and
restores. The TFTP Setup screen identifies the TFTP server that will be used. If you
do not have a TFTP server, you can install the one shipped with the access point.
Use the 3Com Administrator Utilities CD (Tools and Utilities options) to start the
3CDAEMON and install the TFTP Server Tool.
You must supply the IP address of the TFTP server computer. The default TFTP client
port number is 69, the TCP/UDP port number that is most commonly used for
TFTP, although you can change this to a different port number if required.
System Log Setup
The System Log screen lets you set up one or two computers for saving log files
and to enable or disable logging. Log files are not viewable through the
Configuration Management System or the access point, and so must be accessed
from the host computer.
By default, logging is off. If you turn on logging, you must specify at least one
host. You must also enter the TCP/UDP port number that will be used for sending
the log information from the access point to the host systems using syslog. By
default, the port is set to 514, the TCP/UDP port number that is most commonly
used for syslog, although you can change this to a different port number if
required.
When logging is enabled, log information is saved until the function is turned off.
Tools
Tools
27
Use the Tools options to upgrade access point firmware and change the
administration password.
Upgrade System
You can download firmware updates or updates of the Web server file system (the
files that make up the Configuration Management System) from the 3Com Web
site at http://www.3com.com and install those updates on the access point. To
perform a firmware upgrade, you must have user “Anonymous” defined with no
password.
To avoid problems that could occur if a wireless association were interrupted
during the upgrade, it is recommended that you perform the upgrade from a
computer that is wired to the LAN.
If you upgrade both the firmware and the Web server file system, be sure to
upgrade the Web server file system first.
Downloading Upgrade Files
To locate upgrade files and download them to your computer:
Log on to the 3Com Web site at http://www.3com.com.
Navigate to the product support page.
Navigate to the software download page and locate the files you want to
download.
Follow the instructions to download the files into a directory on your computer.
Copy or move the files to the TFTP server upload/download directory.
Installing an Upgrade
In the Configuration Management System navigation tree underTools, click
Upgrade System .
Select the items to upgrade:
To upgrade the Web server file system, click the Web Server File System check box.
To upgrade firmware, click the
Access Point Firmware check box.
Enter the upgrade file names that you downloaded earlier and click OK.
If you choose the wrong file, clickClear Entry. The selected file is cleared and you
can browse again for a differentfile.
Click Upgrade.
The upgrade file is copied from the TFTP server to the access point and the access
point restarts using the new upgrade.
Change Administration
Password
In the Configuration Management System navigation tree underTools, click
Change Administration Password . The Change Administration Password screen
appears, where you can change the password for the access point. Enter the
current password and new password in the spaces provided and clickOK.
28
CHAPTER 4: MANAGING THE WIRELESS LAN
Configuration Backups
Access Point configurations can be saved as data files and later used to restore the
access point configuration. The Backup Configuration screen lets you save access
point settings in an external file. (You must have a TFTP server set up on which to
store the backup file. This is the server specified on the TFTP setup page.
When you back up a configuration, you must supply the name of the file that the
configuration is saved to. This file will be written to the upload/download directory
of the TFTP server. If you need to change the TFTP configuration, click the Change
button to open the TFTP Setup screen.
Use the Restore Configuration screen to restore settings from a previously saved
backup file to the current access point. If you select All Configuration Settings, the
saved configuration is restored completely.
If you select Only Template Settings, only general configuration parameters such
as WLAN service area, data transmission settings, security settings, RADIUS server
settings, and management setup information are restored. Template settings
would be used in common by several access points in a network and provide an
easy way to reconfigure all access points in a network, if required. Template
parameters do not affect nor overwrite settings unique to individual access points,
such as device name, location, IP addresses, and administration passwords.
Statistics
The statistics screens display various categories of operational and performance
statistics associated with the access point. The values do not update dynamically,
but you can update them at any time by refreshing the display.
If you click on the Start Refresh button, the refresh cycle begins and the values on
the screen are updated according to a predefine polling rate.
■
RF Statistics. Displays performance data for the radio transmissions to and
from the access point. The statistics related to transmissions from the access
point are listed in the Transmitted table on the left. Statistics related to radio
signals received by the access point are listed in the Received table on the right.
■
Ethernet Statistics. Displays performance data for the wired Ethernet traffic
to and from the access point. The statistics related to wired transmissions from
the access point are listed in the Transmitted table on the left. Statistics related
to Ethernet traffic received by the access point are listed in the Received table
on the right.
■
Interface Statistics. Displays the interface statistics for the access point. The
top table displays the interface counts, showing the cumulative packets or
frames sent and received and the bytes sent and received over the Ethernet and
wireless interfaces. The bottom table displays the rates per second for each of
these parameters.
■
Channel Retry Statistics. Provides statistics for each of the radio channels
supported by the access point. For each channel, the table indicates the
number of frames sent and received, and the number of retries that have
occurred for that channel.
■
Forwarding Counts. Displays the cumulative number of packets forwarded
between the two types of interfaces. The rows represent the source, and the
columns represent the destination of the forward.
System Status
System Status
29
In the Configuration Management System navigation tree under System Status,
you can view the following information:
■
Click
Currently Associated Clients to see a list of MAC addresses of the wireless
clients currently associating with the access point.
■
Click
System Summary
to see information about the access point.
From the System Summary page, you can also click Go to Wireless Details to
see a one-page display of the current wireless configuration settings for the
access point.
Restoring an Access
You can restore access point settings to the defaults that were set at the factory by
Point to Factory
inserting a pointed object (such as the point of a ball point pen) into the reset hole
Defaults
on the front near the RJ-45 connector and holding for five seconds.
Interoperating with
Because 3Com 11 Mbps Wireless LAN equipment complies with IEEE 802.11
Third-Party Equipment
standards, it can interoperate with third-party equipment that also complies with
the standards. However, some third party equipment may not support
3Com access point enhanced performance features. You may need to turn off the
Network Traffic Accelerator and Data Preamble transmission properties (set to
“Long”) to support this equipment on the network.
CONDUCTING A SITE SURVEY
[This information is currently being revised for another manual. When
that document is reviewed and completed, the new Site Survey section
will replace this chapter.]
To ensure that you have selected the best location for an access point, conduct a
site survey before permanently installing the hardware. The 3Com Site Survey
utility helps you evaluate locations for access points.
You need the following items to conduct a site survey:
■
An access point, power brick, and mounting hardware
■
Wireless client with 3Com Administrator Utilities installed
To set up the tests, temporarily install the access point in several trial locations. To
set up a wireless client computer with 3Com Administrator Utilities, use the 3Com
Administrator Utilities CD when you install the wireless client.
The Site Survey utility is designed to test one access point at a time. The tool
cannot be used with access points from other manufacturers.
Choosing Trial
Locations
Look at your site floor plan and make a list of work areas where clients are likely to
be positioned. For example, list the office cubicles where users will be logging on
to the 3Com Wireless LAN. Then select several trial locations for the access point
and make a list of these locations. For example, you may wish to test the access
point mounted on the ceiling, on a desk, and on a wall.
Look for locations in the center of the room and away from potential transmission
barriers. Consider the following environmental and electrical factors when you
choose locations.
Environmental
Requirements
Look for installation locations away from transformers, heavy-duty motors,
fluorescent lights, microwave ovens, refrigerators, and other industrial equipment.
Avoid areas with excessive moisture, heat, and dust. Signal loss can occur when
metal, concrete, Interfering metal fire breaks, walls, or floors block transmission.
Doorways and passages can also affect the radio signal.
You should also consider the following items:
■
If there any radio frequency (RF) systems already in use at the site, their signals
could interfere with the access point signals.
■
If the access point will be connecting to a wired LAN, the access point must be
installed close enough to connect to the hub with an Ethernet cable.
■
Available AC power. See “Electrical Requirements” below.
32
CHAPTER 5: CONDUCTING A SITE SURVEY
Electrical Requirements
The access point draws power over Category 5 Ethernet cabling using a power
brick. Because erratic electrical power can lead to serious transmission problems
and loss of data, 3Com recommends using one of the following power
alternatives.
Preferred: Isolated ground circuit with online, uninterruptable power supply
(UPS) that also acts as filter and surge suppressor
Good: Isolated ground circuit with surge suppressor
Fair: Dedicated circuit with UPS
Acceptable: Dedicated circuit with surge suppressor
If you must use a nondedicated circuit, avoid using the following types of devices
on that circuit, because they can affect the reliability of the circuit:
Devices with components intended or known to produce heat (such as space
heaters, laser printers, heat guns, or soldering irons)
Single devices drawing more than 20% of the rated value of the circuit
Multiple devices drawing a total of more than 60% of the rated circuit value
■
■
■
■
■
■
■
The access point must be powered 24 hours a day. 3Com recommends that you
avoid providing power to the access point from an energy management system.
Summary of the
Survey Procedure
Following is a summary of the basic procedure for setting up and running the site
survey tests. For details, see the topics indicated in the steps.
■
Set up the access point in the first trial location and set up a client in the first
work area.
See “Setting up Equipment” on page 33.
■
Launch the Site Survey tool, configure the site survey, and run the tests from
the first work area.
See “Launching the Tool” on page 33, “Configuring the Site Survey” on
page 33, and “Running the Tests” on page33.
■
Move the client to the next work area and run the Site Survey tool again.
Repeat this step for each work area.
■
Set up the access point in the next trial location and run the Site Survey tool
again from each of the work areas.
Repeat this step for each trial location.
■
At the end of the testing, use the results from the Site Survey tool to help you
decide on the best location for the access point.
Based on the tests, the Site Survey tool lists the locations in descending order
from best to worst. For more information, see “Interpreting Test Results” on
page 35.
Using the
Site Survey Tool
If you have set up more than one access point, make sure that only the access
point you are testing is powered on, or make sure that each access point has a
unique WLAN Service Area.
Using the Site Survey Tool
Setting up Equipment
33
Place the access point in the first test location and connect it to power.
When the access point receives power, the LEDs light.
Place the wireless client computer in the first test location and turn on the
computer. Make sure the client has 3Com Administrator Utilities installed and that
it is associating with the access point that you want to test.
Launching the Tool
Launch the Site Survey tool as follows:
In the Windows system tray, click the 3Com icon to display the
3Com WLAN Launcher.
If the 3Com WLAN Launcher is not already running, you can start it from the
Windows Start menu. Select Start/Programs/3Com WLAN Launcher .
In the 3Com WLAN Launcher, click the Hammer icon to display the 3Com WLAN
Configuration Utility window.
In the Tools window, double-click the Site Survey icon.
The 3Com 11 Mbps Wireless LAN Site Survey window and the Site Survey dialog
box appear.
Configuring the Site
In the Site Survey Configuration dialog box:
Survey
Verify that the test access point is listed in the Current AP field.
The Current AP field lists the access point MAC address and its WLAN service area.
If you need to change the access point, click the ellipsis (...) to bring up the
Network/Security window, where you can select a different WLAN service area.
Select the tests to perform:
Ping Currently Associated AP —Finds the average round trip value (in
milliseconds) of a ping to the access point.
Throughput (UDP Test) —Finds the value (in kilobytes per second) of a
transmission between the client and the access point. This value is only meaningful
for the test; it does not reflect throughput with a network.
For the most accurate results, select both tests.
Running the Tests
Click OK.
In the 3Com 11 Mbps Wireless LAN Site Survey window:
In the AP Test Location field, type the location of the access point. For example, if
you are testing the access point located on a desk, type
In the PC Test Location field, type the location of the wireless client. For example, if
you are in office number 1, type
Desk.
Office1.
From the Run menu, select Start Test .
The tests take a few moments to run. When they are finished, the results appear in
the window. For details on the information that is presented, see “Interpreting
Test Results” on page 35.
34
CHAPTER 5: CONDUCTING A SITE SURVEY
Optionally, save the test: From the File menu, select
Save . Name the test and save
it in the location of your choice. The Site Survey tool appends the characters.ssf to
the file name.
Move the client to the next test location and perform the next test:
If you previously saved the test, open it: From the File menu, select
the saved test, and click
OK.
In the PCTest Location field, type the new location of the wireless client. For
example, if you are in office number 2, type
Open. Select
From the Run menu, select
Office2.
Start Test .
The tests take a few moments to run. When they are finished, the results
appear in the window.
Repeat the tests in all of the client test locations. Specify a unique name for each
client test location.
When you are finished testing the first access point location in all of the client test
locations, place the access point in the next location, power it up, and repeat the
tests from the same client test locations. Repeat this process for all access point
locations. Make sure that you specify a new name for each access point location,
and that you use the same set of client test locations for each access point
location.
At any time during the testing, you can save the current set of tests, start a new
set of tests, and print test results. For a description of the commands available in
the utility, see “Site Survey Menus” on page36.
Interpreting Test Results
Interpreting Test
Results
35
As you run the tests, the Site Survey utility keeps track of results and builds a list of
access point locations rated from best to least desirable. In the 3Com 11 Mbps
Wireless LAN Site Survey window you see the following information:
■
Rated AP Test Locations
—This list of access point locations appears in the
left-hand pane of the window, and is sorted from best to least desirable, based
on the test results in the right-hand pane.
■
AP Test Location
—This column lists access point locations associated with
client test locations listed in the PC Test Location column. You can sort this list
in ascending or descending order by clicking the AP Test Location column head.
■
PC Test Location
—This column lists client test locations associated with access
point locations listed in the AP Test Location column. You can sort this list in
ascending or descending order by clicking the PC Test Location column head.
■
Throughput
—This column lists the throughput in kilobytes per second for
each pair of access point and client test locations. Larger numbers indicate
better throughput. You can sort this list in ascending or descending order by
clicking the Throughput column head.
■
Avg Ping RTT
—This column lists the average time it takes for a ping to travel
round trip from the client to the access point, in milliseconds. Smaller numbers
indicate faster ping rates. You can sort this list in ascending or descending
order by clicking the Avg Ping RTT column head.
The Site Survey utility recommends access point locations based purely on the test
numbers. You can use the recommendations to guide your decision about access
point locations. For example, you may decide, based on factors such as where
users will most often be located or your own special knowledge about the test
results, that a location other than the most recommended is the best for your site.
36
CHAPTER 5: CONDUCTING A SITE SURVEY
Site Survey Menus
The following tables describe the command menus in the 3Com 11 Mbps Wireless
LAN Site Survey window.
Table 2
File
New Survey
Start a new set of tests.
Open
Open a set of tests that you saved previously.
Save
Save the current set of tests.
Save As
Save the current set of tests with a new name.
Print
Print the current set of test results.
Print Preview
Show a preview of how the printout will look.
Print Setup
Set up the print page.
Exit
Exit the Site Survey utility.
Table 3
Edit
Delete Selected Items
Deletes the currently selected row from the right hand pane.
Delete All From List
Deletes all test results in the current survey.
Table 4
View
Tool Bar
Make the tool bar visible or invisible.
Status Bar
Make the status bar visible or invisible.
Table 5
Run
Start Tests
Start the tests for the current AP Test Location and PC Test Location.
Table 6
Help
Help
Displays help for the site survey tool.
About Site Survey
Displays information about this version of the site survey tool.
6
TROUBLESHOOTING
If you have difficulty with the access point, try the solutions in the following table.
Symptom
Solutions
Access point does not
Make sure the Ethernet cable is plugged into the port labeled
power up.
To Access Point
on the power brick.
Check for a faulty access point power supply.
Check for a failed AC power supply
No operation.
Verify the access point configuration.
Review access point firmware revisions and update firmware
if necessary.
Make sure that there are no duplicate IP addresses on the
network. Unplug the access point and ping the assigned
address to make sure that no other device responds to that
address.
Access point powers up, but
Make sure that the Ethernet cable is plugged into the port
has no connection to the wired
labeled To Hub/Switch on the power brick.
network.
Verify the network wiring and topology for proper
configuration. Check that the cables used are the proper
type.
Access point powers up, but
Confirm that the WLAN service area on the access point
does not associate with
matches that on the clients.
wireless clients.
Verify that the clients are operating correctly.
Make sure that security settings on the access point match
those on the clients.
Make sure that the access point antennas are positioned
properly.
Check the range and move clients closer if necessary.
Slow or erratic performance.
Try changing the wireless channel on the access point.
Check the access point antennas, connectors, and cabling for
loose connections.
Check the wired network topology and configuration
for malfunctions.
Running on a computer
The access point cannot discover devices across routers.
connected to the wired LAN,
Make sure that the computer is connected to the same
the access point device
network as the access point.
manager cannot find an access
point.
38
HAPTER 6: TROUBLESHOOTING
Symptom
Solutions
While you are configuring the
To maintain wireless association, the WLAN service area on
access point, the Configuration
the client and the access point with which it is associated
Management System stops
must match exactly. Therefore, if you are associated with the
responding.
access point that you are configuring and you change the
access point WLAN service area, make sure to change the
client WLAN service area to match.
If you change the IP address and save the change, you cannot
continue to configure the access point using the old IP
address. Therefore, if you want to continue configuring this
access point after you save this change, you must do the
following:
Close your browser.
Return to the device manager Wireless Network Tree and
click
Refresh
Select the access point and click
Configure
to start a new
configuration session.
Refresh
After you specify an IP address
In the Access Point Management window click the
for an access point, the device
button to refresh the Wireless Network Tree. Then click the
manager continues to point to
access point in the Wireless Network Tree and click
the old IP address when you
Properties
select the access point in the
want to continue configuring the access point, click
. The IP address you specified is now listed. If you
Wireless Network Tree.
Configure
Your wired LAN DHCP server
If the Wireless DHCP Server property on the access point is
malfunctions, but the access
enabled, the access point assigns IP addresses after the lease
point DHCP server fails to
periods on the previous IP addresses expire. If you want to
assign IP addresses.
force the access point to start assigning IP addresses before
the lease periods expire, unplug the access point from the
power source and plug it back in to reboot it.
The access point stops
Set the access point to obtain an IP address automatically. It
assigning IP addresses after you
cannot act as a DHCP server when it has an assigned
assign it an IP address.
IP address.
PC Cards other than 3Com
The cards may not support the access point’s enhanced
11 Mbps Wireless LAN PC
performance features. Try turning the Network Traffic
Cards cannot communicate
Accelerator and Data Preamble transmission properties (set to
with the access point.
“Long”) off.
TECHNICAL SUPPORT
3Com provides easy access to technical support information through a variety of
services. This appendix describes these services.
Information contained in this appendix is correct at time of publication. For the
most recent information, 3Com recommends that you access the 3Com
Corporation World Wide Web site.
Online Technical
Services
World Wide Web Site
3Com offers worldwide product support 24 hours a day, 7days a week, through
the following online systems:
■
World Wide Web site
■
3Com Knowledgebase Web Services
■
3Com FTP site
To access the latest networking information on the 3ComCorporation World
Wide Web site enter thisURL into your Internet browser:
http://www.3com.com/
This service provides access to online support information such as technical
documentation and software library, as well as support options that range from
technical education to maintenance and professional services.
3Com Knowledgebase
Web Services
This interactive tool contains technical product information compiled by 3Com
expert technical engineers around the globe. Located on the World Wide Web at
http://knowledgebase.3com.com,
this service gives all 3Com customers and
partners complementary, round-the-clock access to technical information on most
3Com products.
3Com FTP Site
Download drivers, patches, software, and MIBs across the Internet from the 3Com
public FTP site. This service is available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.
To connect to the 3Com FTP site, enter the following information into your FTP
client:
■
Hostname:
ftp.3com.com
■
Username:
anonymous
■
Password:

You do not need a user name and password with Web browser software such as
Netscape Navigator and Internet Explorer.
40
CHAPTER
ECHNICAL SUPPORT
A: T
Support from Your
Network Supplier
If you require additional assistance, contact your network supplier. Many suppliers
are authorized 3Com service partners who are qualified to provide a variety of
services, including network planning, installation, hardware maintenance,
application training, and support services.
When you contact your network supplier for assistance, have the following
information ready:
■
Product model name, part number, and serial number
■
A list of system hardware and software, including revision levels
■
Diagnostic error messages
■
Details about recent configuration changes, if applicable
If you are unable to contact your network supplier, see the following section on
how to contact 3Com.
Support from 3Com
If you are unable to obtain assistance from the 3Com online technical resources or
from your network supplier, 3Com offers technical telephone support services. To
find out more about your support options, call the 3Com technical telephone
support phone number at the location nearest you.
When you contact 3Com for assistance, have the following information ready:
■
Product model name, part number, and serial number
■
A list of system hardware and software, including revision levels
■
Diagnostic error messages
■
Details about recent configuration changes, if applicable
Here is a list of worldwide technical telephone support numbers. These numbers
are correct at the time of publication. Refer to the 3Com Web site for updated
information.
Country
Asia, Pacific Rim
Telephone Number
1 800 678 515
800 933 486
+61 2 9242 5179 or
000800 6501111
Indonesia
00 531 616 439
Japan
03 5783 1270
Malaysia
1800 801 777
New Zealand
0800 446 398
Pakistan
+61 2 9937 5083
Philippines
1235 61 266 2602
P.R. of China
10800 61 00137 or
021 6350 1590 or
00800 0638 3266
Singapore
800 6161 463
S. Korea
02 3455 6455 or
00798 611 2230
Taiwan, R.O.C.
0080 611 261
Thailand
001 800 611 2000
Or, send a description of the problem by email to: apr_technical_support@3com.com
Australia
Hong Kong
India
Support from 3Com
Country
Europe, Middle East and Africa
From anywhere in these regions, call:
Telephone Number
+44 (0)1442 435529 phone
+44 (0)1442 436722 fax
Europe and South Africa
From the following countries, you may use the toll-f reenumbers:
Austria
0800 297468
Belgium
0800 71429
Denmark
800 17309
Finland
0800 113153
France
0800 917959
Germany
0800 1821502
Hungary
06800 12813
Ireland
1800 553117
Israel
1800 9453794
Italy
800 8 79489
Luxembourg
0800 23625
Netherlands
0800 0227788
Norway
800 11376
Poland
00800 3111206
Portugal
0800 831416
South Africa
0800 995014
Spain
900 983125
Sweden
020 795482
Switzerland
0800 55 3072
U.K.
0800 966197
Latin America
Brazil
Mexico
Puerto Rico
Central and South America
North America
0800 13 3266
01 800 849CARE
800 666 5065
AT&T +800 998 2112
1 800 NET 3Com (1 800 638 3266)
Enterprise Customers:
1 800 876-3266
41
42
CHAPTER A: TECHNICAL SUPPORT
Returning Products
for Repair
Before you send a product directly to 3Com for repair, you must first obtain an
authorization number. Products sent to 3Com without authorization numbers will
be returned to the sender unopened, at the sender’s expense.To obtain an
authorization number, call or fax:
Country
Telephone Number
Fax Number
Asia, Pacific Rim
+65 543 6500
+65 543 6348
Europe, South Africa, and
+31 30 6029900
+31 30 6029999
Middle East
Central and South America
525 201 0075
Argentina
0810 222 3266
Bolivia
511 241 1691
Brazil
0800 133266 or
Caribbean
525 201 0004
Chile
562 240 6200
Colombia
525 201 0004
Ecuador
525 201 0004
Mexico
525 201 0004
Paraguay
525 201 0004
Peru
511 241 1691
Uruguay
525 201 0004
Venezuela
525 201 0004
55 11 5643 2700
From the following countries, you may call the toll-free numbers; select option 2 and
then option 2:
Austria
0800 297468
Belgium
0800 71429
Denmark
800 17309
Finland
0800 113153
France
0800 917959
Germany
0800 1821502
Hungary
06800 12813
Ireland
1800553117
Israel
1800 9453794
Italy
800 879 489
Netherlands
0800 0227788
Norway
800 11376
Poland
00800 3111206
Portugal
0800 831416
South Africa
0800 995014
Spain
900 983125
Sweden
020 795482
Switzerland
0800 55 3072
U.K.
0800 966197
U.S.A. and Canada
1 800 NET 3Com
(1 800 638 3266)
Enterprise Customers:
1 800 876 3266
NDEX
Numbers
128-bit Dynamic Security Link
25
3Com Knowledgebase Web Services
39
3Com Wireless Infrastructure Device
Manager
19
40-bit Shared Key (Wi-Fi) security
Properties button
guidelines, security
25
25
Refresh button
20
restoring access point settings to factory
hexadecimal keys
20
defaults
25
29
returning products for repair
access point
IP address
22
changing
DHCP server
access point
23
troubleshooting
LEDs
installation
22
security
128-bit Dynamic Security Link
firmware
38
access point
10
restoring factory defaults
adapter, choosing
equipment
20
administration password, changing
administration tool
40-bit Shared Key (Wi-Fi)
27
27
server, DHCP
IP address
DHCP server
19
specifying
20
technical support
3Com Knowledgebase Web
launching the device manager
Services
19
administration
access point
user
circuit, nondedicated
32
Configuration Management System
Configure button
20
devices
27
MAC address, use in locating
20
29
37
access point firmware
20
40
42
third-party interoperability
19, 20
troubleshooting
25
choosing a NIC
product repair
10
locating devices
27
39
network suppliers
LED
changing passwords
32
31
38
20
site survey
22
troubleshooting
bridge
25
23
site electrical considerations
23
25
25
no security
29
refreshing after changing
configuring
guidelines
interoperating with third-party
29
42
19, 20
upgrading
access point firmware
device manager
launching
DHCP server
network supplier support
19
NIC, choosing
19
No Security
23, 38
Dynamic Security Link
25
electrical considerations
wireless network tree
25
32
open system
25
25
firmware upgrade
access point
27
27
password
changing administrator
changing user
27
25
PC Card
third party
19
World Wide Web (WWW)
nondedicated circuit,
online technical services 39
encryption
string
32
40
20
recommendations
29
power, 24-hour requirement
27
32
39
25
REGULATORY COMPLIANCE INFORMATION
ADIO-FREQUENCY
XPOSURE NOTICE
FCC R
This device generates and radiates radio-frequency energy. In order to comply with FCC radio-frequency radiation exposure
guidelines for an uncontrolled environment, this equipment has to be installed and operated while maintaining a minimum
body to antenna distance of 20 cm.
This product does not contain any user serviceable components. Any unauthorized product changes or modifications will
invalidate 3Com’s warranty and all applicable regulatory certifications and approvals. This product must be installed by a
professional technician/installer.
ART 15 NOTICE
PPLICABLE TO USE WITHIN
THE USA)
FCC P
(A
This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This device may
not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause
undesired operation.
WARNING: This
equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part
15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential
installation. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance
with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that
interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television
reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the
interference by one or more of the following measures:
■
Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
■
Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.
■
Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from the one which the receiver is connected to.
■
Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.
The user may find the following booklet prepared by the Federal Communications Commission helpful:
The Interference Handbook
This booklet is available from the U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402. Stock No. 004-000-00345-4.
MANUFACTURER’S
DECLARATION OF
CONFORMITY
3Com Corporation
5400 Bayfront Plaza
P.O. Box 58145
Santa Clara, CA 95054-8145
(408) 326-5000
Declares that the product:
Date:
13 November 2001
Brand Name:
3Com Corporation
Model Number:WL-306
Equipment Type: Wireless LAN Access Point
Complies with Part 15 of the FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) this device may not cause
harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired
operation.
3Com Corporation WL-306
Tested to Comply
With FCC Standards
FOR HOME OR OFFICE USE
NDUSTRY CANADA NOTICE
PPLICABLE TO USE WITHIN
CANADA)
This Class B digital apparatus complies with Canadian ICES-003.
(A
To prevent radio interference to the licensed service, this device is intended to be operated indoors and away from windows to
VIS DE CONFORMITÉ À LA
ÉGLEMENTATION
D’INDUSTRIE CANADA
provide maximum shielding. Equipment (or its transmit antenna) that is installed outdoors is subject to licensing.
Cet appareil numérique de la classe B est conform à la norme NMB-003 du Canada.
Pour empêcher que cet appareil cause du brouillage au service faisant l'objet d'une licence, cet appareil doit être utilisé à
l'intérieur seulement et devrait être placé loin des fenêtres afin de fournir un écran de blindage maximal.
UROPEAN COMMUNITY - CE
OTICE
Marking by the symbol:
indicates compliance with the essential requirements of Directive 73/23/EC and the essential requirements of articles 3.1(b), 2
3.
and 3.3 of Directive 1999/5/EC. Such marking is indicative that this equipment meets or exceeds the following
technical standards:
■
EN 300 328-2 - Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Wideband Transmission systems; data
■
ETS 300 826 - Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); ElectroMagnetic Compatibility (EMC)
transmission equipment operating in the 2,4 GHz ISM band and using spread spectrum modulation techniques
standard for 2,4 GHz wideband transmission systems and HIgh PErformance Radio Local Area Network (HIPERLAN)
equipment
■
AFETY COMPLIANCE NOTICE
EN 60950 - Safety of information technology equipment, including electrical business equipment.
This device has been tested and certified according to the following safety standards and is intended for use only in Informatio
Technology Equipment which has been tested and certified to these or other equivalent standards:
■
UL Standard 1950 / CSA C22.2 No. 950
■
IEC 60950
■
EN 60950
Published February, 2002
User Guide Version 1.0.1

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