ADC Telecommunications UNS-CELL-2 Cellular In-building Distributed Antenna Systems User Manual accel

ADC Telecommunications Inc. Cellular In-building Distributed Antenna Systems accel

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User Manual 2 of 2

PN 9000-10 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 5-31620021-0 Rev. AThermal Noise This is the noise level in the signal bandwidth (BW). Thermal noise power = –174 dBm/Hz + 10Log(BW).Required C/I ratio For each wireless standard a certain C/I (carrier to interference) ratio is needed to obtain acceptable demodulation performance. For narrowband systems, (TDMA, GSM, EDGE, iDEN, AMPS) this level varies from about 9 dB to 20 dB.Mobile Transmit PowerThe maximum power the mobile can transmit (power transmitted at highest power level setting).Multipath Fade MarginThis margin allows for a certain level of fading due to multipath interference. Inside buildings there is often one or more fairly strong signals and many weaker signals arriving from reflections and dif-fraction. Signals arriving from multiple paths add constructively or destructively. This margin accounts for the possibility of destructive multipath interference. In RF site surveys this margin will not appear because it will be averaged out over power level samples taken over many locations.Log-normal Fade MarginThis margin adds an allowance for RF shadowing due to objects obstructing the direct path between the mobile equipment and the RAU. In RF site surveys, this shadowing will not appear because it will be averaged out over power level samples taken over many locations.Body Loss This accounts for RF attenuation caused by the user’s head and body.Minimum Received Signal LevelThis is also referred to as the “design goal”. The link budget says that you can achieve adequate cov-erage if the signal level is, on average, above this level over 95% of the area covered, for example.Table 5-30 Link Budget Considerations for Narrowband Systems (continued)Consideration DescriptionProtocol Signal Bandwidth Thermal NoiseTDMA 30 kHz –129 dBmGSM 200 kHz –121 dBmiDEN 25 kHz –130 dBm
5-32 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10620021-0 Rev. A5.4.2 Narrowband Link Budget Analysis for a Microcell ApplicationNarrowband Link Budget Analysis: Downlink• c = a + b• f = c + d + e• j = g + h + i• n = k + l + m• k: in this example, k represents the thermal noise for a TDMA signal, which has a bandwidth of 30 kHz•p = f – j – nLine DownlinkTransmittera. BTS transmit power per carrier (dBm) 33b. Attenuation between BTS and Unison (dB) –23c. Power into Unison (dBm) 10d. Unison gain (dB) 0e. Antenna gain (dBi) 3f. Radiated power per carrier (dBm) 13Airlinkg. Multipath fade margin (dB) 6h. Log-normal fade margin with 8 dB std. deviation, edge reliability 90% (dB)11i. Body loss (dB) 3j. Airlink losses (not including facility path loss) 20Receiverk. Thermal noise (dBm/30 kHz) –129l. Mobile noise figure (dB) 7m. Required C/I ratio (dB) 17n. Minimum received signal (dBm) –105p. Maximum path loss (dB) –98
PN 9000-10 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 5-33620021-0 Rev. ANarrowband Link Budget Analysis: Uplink• e: enter the noise figure and gain of each system component (a, b, c, and d) into the standard cascaded noise figure formula• i = f + e + g – h• m = j + k + l• p = n – m – iTherefore, the system is downlink limited but the downlink and uplink are almost balanced, which is a desirable condition.Line UplinkReceivera. BTS noise figure (dB) 4b. Attenuation between BTS and Unison (dB) –10c. Unison gain (dB) 0d. Unison noise figure (dB) 1-4-32 22e. System noise figure (dB) 22.6f. Thermal noise (dBm/30 kHz) –129g. Required C/I ratio (dB) 12h. Antenna gain (dBi) 3i. Receive sensitivity (dBm) –97.4Airlinkj. Multipath fade margin (dB) 6k. Log-normal fade margin with 8 dB std. deviation, edge reliability 90% (dB)10l. Body loss (dB) 3m. Airlink losses (not including facility path loss) 19Transmittern. Mobile transmit power (dBm) 28p. Maximum path loss (dB) 106.4Fsys = F1 + + + ....F2 – 1G1F3 – 1G1G2whereF = 10(See Rappaport, Theodore S. Wireless Communications, Principles, and Practice. Prentice Hall PTR, 1996.)(Noise Figure/10)G = 10(Gain/10)
5-34 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10620021-0 Rev. A5.4.3 Elements of a Link Budget for CDMA StandardsA CDMA link budget is slightly more complicated because the spread spectrum nature of CDMA must be considered. Unlike narrowband standards such as TDMA and GSM, CDMA signals are spread over a relatively wide frequency band. Upon reception, the CDMA signal is de-spread. In the de-spreading process the power in the received signal becomes concentrated into a narrow band, whereas the noise level remains unchanged. Hence, the signal-to-noise ratio of the de-spread signal is higher than that of the CDMA signal before de-spreading. This increase is called processing gain. For IS-95 and J-STD-008, the processing gain is 21 dB or 19 dB depending on the user data rate (9.6 Kbps for rate set 1 and 14.4 Kbps for rate set 2, respectively). Because of the processing gain, a CDMA signal (comprising one Walsh code channel within the composite CDMA signal) can be received at a lower level than that required for narrowband signals. A reasonable level is –95 dBm, which results in about –85 dBm composite as shown below.An important issue to keep in mind is that the downlink CDMA signal is composed of many orthogonal channels: pilot, paging, sync, and traffic. The composite power level is the sum of the powers from the individual channels. An example is given in the following table.This table assumes that there are 15 active traffic channels operating with 50% voice activity (so that the total power adds up to 100%). Notice that the pilot and sync chan-nels together contribute about 25% of the power. When measuring the power in a CDMA signal you must be aware that if only the pilot and sync channels are active, the power level will be about 6 to 7 dB lower than the maximum power level you can expect when all voice channels are active. The implication is that if only the pilot and sync channels are active, and the maximum power per carrier table says that you should not exceed 10 dBm for a CDMA signal, for example, then you should set the attenuation between the base station and the Main Hub so that the Main Hub receives 3 dBm (assuming 0 dB system gain).An additional consideration for CDMA systems is that the uplink and downlink paths should be gain and noise balanced. This is required for proper operation of soft-hand-off to the outdoor network as well as preventing excess interference that is caused by mobiles on the indoor system transmitting at power levels that are not coordinated with the outdoor mobiles. This balance is achieved if the power level transmitted by the mobiles under close-loop power control is similar to the power level transmitted under open-loop power control. The open-loop power control equation isPTX + PRX = –73 dBm (for Cellular, IS-95)Table 5-31 Distribution of Power within a CDMA SignalChannel Walsh Code Number Relative Power LevelPilot 0 20% –7.0 dBSync 32 5% –13.3 dBPrimary Paging 1 19% –7.3 dBTraffic 8–31, 33–63 9% (per traffic channel) –10.3 dB
PN 9000-10 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 5-35620021-0 Rev. APTX + PRX = –76 dBm (for PCS, J-STD-008)where PTX is the mobile’s transmitted power and PRX is the power received by the mobile.The power level transmitted under closed-loop power control is adjusted by the base station to achieve a certain Eb/N0 (explained in Table 5-32 on page 5-35). The differ-ence between these power levels, ∆P, can be estimated by comparing the power radi-ated from the RAU, Pdownink, to the minimum received signal, Puplink, at the RAU:∆P = Pdownink + Puplink + 73 dBm (for Cellular)∆P = Pdownink + Puplink + 76 dBm (for PCS)It’s a good idea to keep –12 dB < ∆P < 12 dB.Table 5-32 provides link budget considerations for CDMA systems.Table 5-32 Additional Link Budget Considerations for CDMAConsideration DescriptionPower per car-rier, downlinkThis depends on how many channels are active. For example, the signal will be about 7 dB lower if only the pilot, sync, and paging channels are active compared to a fully-loaded CDMA signal. Furthermore, in the CDMA forward link, voice channels are turned off when the user is not speaking. On average this is assumed to be about 50% of the time. So, in the spreadsheet, both the power per Walsh code channel (rep-resenting how much signal a mobile will receive on the Walsh code that it is de-spreading) and the total power are used.The channel power is needed to determine the maximum path loss, and the total power is needed to deter-mine how hard the Unison system is being driven.The total power for a fully-loaded CDMA signal is given by (approximately):total power = voice channel power + 13 dB + 10log10 (50%)= voice channel power + 10 dBInformation Rate This is simply 10log10(9.6 Kbps) = 40 dB for rate set 110log10(14.4 Kbps) = 42 dB for rate set 2Process Gain The process of de-spreading the desired signal boosts that signal relative to the noise and interference. This gain needs to be included in the link budget. In the following formulas, PG = process gain:PG = 10log10(1.25 MHz / 9.6 Kbps) = 21 dB rate set 1PG = 10log10(1.25 MHz / 14.4 Kbps) = 19 dB rate set 2Note that the process gain can also be expressed as 10log10 (CDMA bandwidth) minus the information rate.
5-36 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10620021-0 Rev. AOther CDMA Issues• Never combine multiple sectors (more than one CDMA signal at the same fre-quency) into a Unison system. The combined CDMA signals will interfere with each other.• Try to minimize overlap between in-building coverage areas that utilize different sectors, as well as in-building coverage and outdoor coverage areas. This is impor-tant because any area in which more than one dominant pilot signal (at the same frequency) is measured by the mobile will result in soft-handoff. Soft-handoff decreases the overall network capacity by allocating multiple channel resources to a single mobile phone.Eb/No This is the energy-per-bit divided by the received noise and interference. It’s the CDMA equivalent of sig-nal-to-noise ratio (SNR). This figure depends on the mobile’s receiver and the multipath environment. For example, the multipath delays inside a building are usually too small for a rake receiver in the mobile (or base station) to resolve and coherently combine multipath components. However, if artificial delay can be introduced by, for instance, using different lengths of cable, then the required Eb/No will be lower and the multipath fade margin in the link budget can be reduced in some cases.If the receiver noise figure is NF (dB), then the receive sensitivity (dBm) is given by:Psensitivity = NF + Eb/No + thermal noise in a 1.25 MHz band – PG= NF + Eb/No – 113 (dBm/1.25 MHz) – PGNoise Rise On the uplink, the noise floor is determined not only by the Unison system, but also by the number of mobiles that are transmitting. This is because when the base station attempts to de-spread a particular mobile’s signal, all other mobile signals appear to be noise. Because the noise floor rises as more mobiles try to communicate with a base station, the more mobiles there are, the more power they have to transmit. Hence, the noise floor rises rapidly:noise rise = 10log10(1 / (1 – loading))where loading is the number of users as a percentage of the theoretical maximum number of users.Typically, a base station is set to limit the loading to 75%. This noise ratio must be included in the link budget as a worst-case condition for uplink sensitivity. If there are less users than 75% of the maximum, then the uplink coverage will be better than predicted.Hand-off Gain CDMA supports soft hand-off, a process by which the mobile communicates simultaneously with more than one base station or more than one sector of a base station. Soft hand-off provides improved receive sensitivity because there are two or more receivers or transmitters involved. A line for hand-off gain is included in the CDMA link budgets worksheet although the gain is set to 0 dB because the in-building system will probably be designed to limit soft-handoff.Table 5-32 Additional Link Budget Considerations for CDMA (continued)Consideration Description
PN 9000-10 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 5-37620021-0 Rev. A5.4.4 Spread Spectrum Link Budget Analysis for a Microcell ApplicationSpread Spectrum Link Budget Analysis: DownlinkLine DownlinkTransmittera. BTS transmit power per traffic channel (dBm) 30.0b. Voice activity factor 50%c. Composite power (dBm) 40.0d. Attenuation between BTS and Unison (dB) –24e. Power per channel into Unison (dBm) 9.0f. Composite power into Unison (dBm) 16.0g. Unison gain (dB) 0.0h. Antenna gain (dBi) 3.0i. Radiated power per channel (dBm) 12.0j. Composite radiated power (dBm) 19.0Airlinkk. Handoff gain (dB) 0.0l. Multipath fade margin (dB) 6.0m. Log-normal fade margin with 8 dB std. deviation, edge reliability 90% (dB)10.0n. Additional loss (dB) 0.0o. Body loss (dB) 3.0p. Airlink losses (not including facility path loss) 19.0Receiverq. Mobile noise figure (dB) 7.0r. Thermal noise (dBm/Hz) –174.0s. Receiver interference density (dBm/Hz) –167.0t. Information ratio (dB/Hz) 41.6u. Required Eb/(No+lo)7.0v. Receive Sensitivity (dBm) –118.4w. Minimum received signal (dBm) –99.4x. Maximum path loss (dB) –99.4
5-38 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10620021-0 Rev. A• b and c: see notes in Table 5-32 regarding power per carrier, downlink• e = a + d• f = c + d• i = e + g + h• j = f + g + h• p = –k + l + m + n + o• s = q + r• v = s + t + u• w = p + v•x = j – w• y = j (downlink) + m (uplink) + PwhereP = Ptx + Prx = –73 dB for Cellular–76 dB for PCS
PN 9000-10 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 5-39620021-0 Rev. ASpread Spectrum Link Budget Analysis: UplinkLine UplinkReceivera. BTS noise figure (dB) 3.0b. Attenuation between BTS and Unison (dB) –30.0c. Unison gain (dB) 0.0d. Unison noise figure (dB) 22.0e. System noise figure (dB) 33.3f. Thermal noise (dBm/Hz) –174.0g. Noise rise 75% loading (dB) 6.0h. Receiver interference density (dBm/Hz) –134.6i. Information rate (dB/Hz) 41.6j. Required Eb/(No+lo)5.0k. Handoff gain (dB) 0.0l. Antenna gain (dBi) 3.0m. Minimum received signal (dBm) –91.1Airlinkn. Multipath fade margin (dB) 6.0o. Log-normal fade margin with 8 dB std. deviation, edge reliability 90% (dB)10.0p. Additional loss (dB) 0.0q. Body loss (dB) 3.0r. Airlink losses (not including facility path loss) 19.0Transmitters. Mobile transmit power (dBm) 28.0t. Maximum path loss (dB) 100.1
5-40 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10620021-0 Rev. A• e: enter the noise figure and gain of each system component (a, b, c, and d) into the standard cascaded noise figure formula• h = e + f + g• m = h + i + j –k – l• r = n + o + p + q• t = s – r – mFsys = F1 + + + ....F2 – 1G1F3 – 1G1G2whereF = 10(See Rappaport, Theodore S. Wireless Communications, Principles, and Practice. Prentice Hall PTR, 1996.)(Noise Figure/10)G = 10(Gain/10)
PN 9000-10 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 5-41620021-0 Rev. A5.4.5 Considerations for Re-Radiation (over-the-air) SystemsUnison can be used to extend the coverage of the outdoor network by connecting to a roof-top donor antenna that is pointed toward an outdoor base station. Additional considerations for such an application of Unison are: • Sizing the gain and output power requirements for a bi-directional amplifier (repeater).• Ensuring that noise radiated on the uplink from the in-building system does not cause the outdoor base station to become desensitized to wireless handsets in the outdoor network.• Filtering out signals that lie in adjacent frequency bands. For instance, if you are providing coverage for Cellular B-band operation it may be necessary to filter out the A, A’ and A” bands which may contain strong signals from other outdoor base stations.Further information on these issues can be found in LGC Wireless’ application notes for re-radiation applications.
5-42 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10620021-0 Rev. A5.5 Connecting a Main Hub to a Base StationThe first consideration when connecting Unison Main Hubs to a base station is to ensure there is an equal amount of loss through cables, combiners, etc. from the base station to the Main Hubs. For this example, assume that the base station will have simplex connections, one uplink and one downlink. Each of these connections will need to be divided to equilibrate power for each Main Hub. For example, two Main Hubs will require a 2×1 combiner/divider; four Main Hubs will require a 4×1 com-biner/divider; and so on.Figure 5-2 Connecting Main Hubs to a Simplex Base StationWhen connecting a Unison Main Hub to a base station, also consider the following:1. The downlink power from the base station must be attenuated enough so that the power radiated by the RAU does not exceed the maximum power per carrier listed in Section 5.1, “Maximum Output Power per Carrier at RAU,” on page 5-3.2. The uplink attenuation should be small enough that the sensitivity of the overall system is limited by Unison, not by the attenuator. However, some base stations will trigger alarms if the noise or signal levels are too high. In this case the attenu-ation will have to be large enough to prevent this from happening.If, in an area covered by Unison, a mobile phone indicates good signal strength but consistently has difficulty completing calls, it is possible that the attenuation between Unison and the base station needs to be adjusted. In other words, it is possible that if the uplink is over-attenuated, the downlink power will provide good coverage, but the uplink coverage distance will be small.When there is an excessive amount of loss between the Main Hub uplink and the base station, the uplink system gain can be increased to as much as 15 dB to prevent a reduction in the overall system sensitivity.Base Station2 × 1 combiner/dividerDownlink/ForwardMain Hub 1Main Hub 2Uplink/Reverse
PN 9000-10 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 5-43620021-0 Rev. A5.5.1 AttenuationFigure 5-3 shows a typical setup wherein a duplex base station is connected to a Main Hub. For a simplex base station, eliminate the circulator and connect the simplex ports of the base station to the simplex ports of the Main Hub. Add attenuators to reg-ulate the power appropriately.Figure 5-3 Main Hub to Duplex Base Station or Repeater ConnectionsDuplexBase Station Main HubForwardReverseA3A1A2• A typical circulator has an IP3 of +70dBm. If you drive the circulator too hard it will produce intermods that are bigger than the intermods produced by Unison. The IP3 at the Forward port input of the Main Hub is approximately +38 dBm. The IP3 of the circulator at that same point (i.e., following attenuator A1) is +70dBm – A1. Thus, to keep the system IP3 from being adversely affected by the circulator, attenuator A1 should be no more than approxi-mately +30 dB.• A filter diplexer can be used in place of the circulator. The IP3 of the diplexer can be assumed to be greater than +100 dBm. If a diplexer is used, A3 can be omitted.• A1+A3 should be chosen so that the output power per carrier at the RAU’s output is correct for the number of carriers being transmitted. Suppose the base station transmits 36 dBm per carrier and it is desired that the RAU output be 6 dBm per carrier and the forward port gain is 0 dB. Then A1+A3=30 dB.• A2+A3 should, ideally, be at least 10 dB less than the noise figure plus the gain of the Uni-son system. For example, if the reverse port has a 0 dB gain and if there are 32 RAUs, the noise figure is approximately 22 dB. So A2+A3 should be about 10 dB. If A2+A3 is too large, the uplink coverage can be severely reduced.• Given these three equations: A1 < 30 dBA1+A3 = 30 dB (in this example)A2+A3 < 10 dB (in this example)we could choose A1=20 dB, A2=0 dB, A3=10 dBorRepeater
5-44 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10620021-0 Rev. A5.5.2 Uplink AttenuationThe attenuation between the Main Hub’s uplink port and the base station does two things:1. It attenuates the noise coming out of Unison.2. It attenuates the desired signals coming out of Unison. Setting the attenuation on the uplink is a trade-off between keeping the noise and maximum signal levels transmitted from Unison to the base station receiver low while not reducing the SNR (signal-to-noise ratio) of the path from the RAU inputs to the base station inputs. This SNR can not be better than the SNR of Unison by itself, although it can be significantly worse.For example, suppose we have a GSM Unison system consisting of one Hub and 8 RAUs (1-8) with uplink NF=22 dB. (See Table 5-32 on page 5-35.) If we use 30 dB of attenuation between the Main Hub’s uplink port and the base station (which has its own noise figure of about 4 dB), the overall noise figure will be 34.3 dB (refer to the formula on page 5-33) which is 12.3 dB worse than Unison by itself. That causes a 12.3 dB reduction in the uplink coverage distance. Now, if the attenuation instead is 10 dB, the cascaded noise figure is NF=22.6 dB, which implies that the uplink sensi-tivity is limited by Unison, a desirable condition.Rule of ThumbA good rule of thumb is to set the uplink attenuation, A2+A3 in Figure 5-3 on page 5-43, as follows:A2+A3 ≈ Unison uplink NF + uplink gain (0 dB for reverse port) – BTS NF – 10dBand round A2 down to the nearest convenient attenuation value.
PN 9000-10 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 5-45620021-0 Rev. A5.5.2.1 Uplink Attenuation Exception: CDMAIn CDMA systems, the power transmitted by the mobile is determined by the charac-teristics of both the uplink and downlink paths. The power transmitted by the mobile should be similar in open-loop control (as determined by the downlink path) as dur-ing closed-loop control (as determined by the uplink and downlink paths). In addi-tion, the mobile’s transmit power when it communicates with a base station through Unison should be similar to the power transmitted when it communicates with a base station in the outdoor network (during soft hand-off). Because of these consider-ations, you should not allow the downlink and uplink gains to vary widely.Open-loop power control:PTX = –76 dBm (for PCS) – PRXwhere PTX is the power transmitted and PRX is the power received by the mobile. If PL is the path loss (in dB) between the RAU and the mobile, and PDN is the downlink power radiated by the RAU, then PTX = –76 dBm (for PCS) – PDN + PLClosed-loop power control:PTX = noise floor + uplink NF – process gain + Eb/No + PL= –113 dBm/1.25 Mhz + NF – 19 dB + 7 dB + PLwhere Eb/No = 7 dB is a rough estimate, and NF is the cascaded noise figure of the Unison uplink, the uplink attenuation, and the base station noise figure. Equating PTX for the open-loop and closed-loop we see thatNF = 49 – PDNwhere PDN is determined by the downlink attenuation. Since PDN for Unison is about 10 dBm, we see that the cascaded noise figure is about 39 dB, which is considerably higher than that of Unison itself. This implies that we should use a fairly large attenu-ation on the uplink. This case suggests using as much attenuation on the downlink as on the uplink. The drawback of doing this is that the uplink coverage sensitivity is reduced. A link budget analysis will clarify these issues. Typically, the uplink attenu-ation between the Main Hub and the base station will be the same as, or maybe 10 dB less than, the downlink attenuation.
5-46 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10620021-0 Rev. A5.6 Designing for a Neutral Host SystemDesigning for a neutral host system uses the same design rules previously discussed. Since a neutral host system typically uses multiple systems in parallel with common equipment locations, we find it best to design according to the minimum among the systems’ RAU coverage distances so that there will not be holes in the coverage area, and so that the economies of a single installation can be achieved. For example, as indicated in Section 7.1, the 1900 MHz RF signals do not propagate throughout a building as well as the 800 MHz signals. Therefore, we design using the 1900 MHz radiated distance, calculated with the path loss slope formula.The example neutral host system described below consists of one iDEN, one 800 MHz, and two 1900 MHz systems and can support up to seven separate service pro-viders in the following manner:•1 on iDEN• 2 on 800 MHz, A band and B band• 2 in each of the two 1900 MHz frequency sub-bandsExample Unison Neutral Host SystemThe following example configuration was designed to provide:• Similar coverage per band in an office environment that is 80% cubicles and 20% offices.• Similar capacity.• Support for up to 7 Operators, where equipment has been shared to minimize the number of parallel systems.Example Configuration:• 800 MHz iDEN: 16 channels (3 dBm)• 800 MHz Cellular (3 dBm)TDMA Band: 14 channels (shared)CDMA Band: 3 channels (shared)• 1900 MHz PCS (6 dBm)TDMA Band: 14 channelsCDMA Band: 3 channels (shared)GSM Band: 6 channels (shared)
PN 9000-10 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 5-47620021-0 Rev. ASimilar coverage is achieved by setting the transmit power per carrier of the 800 MHz systems to 3 dBm per carrier and those of the 1900 MHz systems to 6 dBm per car-rier.The numbers of RF carriers were selected in order to match subscriber capacity approximately. Because each protocol in the example supports a different number of voice channels, the RF carrier numbers also differ. As the following table indicates, the 800 MHz Cellular and shared 1900 MHz systems can support additional RF carri-ers without decreasing the power per carrier figures.For logistical reasons, Operators involved in a neutral host system sometimes prefer not to share equipment with other Operators. From technical and economic perspec-tives, too, this can be a prudent practice in medium to high-capacity installations. Though deploying parallel systems appears to increase the amount of equipment needed as well as the system cost, the trade-off between capacity and coverage must be considered because, in short, as capacity increases, coverage area per RAU decreases. Therefore, more RAUs (and perhaps Hubs) are needed to cover a given floor space.
5-48 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10620021-0 Rev. AThe following table shows the capacities of both 800 and 1900 MHz Unison systems used for single and multiple protocol applications. The power per carrier for each sys-tem is based on providing equal coverage areas for both systems when they are used in an office building that is 80% cubicles and 20% offices.Note 1The RF channel capacity limits are based on the Unison data sheets’ “typical” specifications for Cat-5 length and RF performance.Note 2The subscriber capacity limits are based on the Erlang B traffic model with a 2% GOS. Each user has a 50mErlangs, which is higher than the standard 35mErlangs.Table 1 Unison Capacity: Equal Coverage AreasOperator #1 Operator #2Protocol RF Chs Voice Chs Subscribers Protocol RF Chs Voice Chs Subscribers800 MHz Cellular A/B (Unison); 3 dBm power per carrierTDMA only 35 104 1837 N/A —— —CDMA only 12 180–240 3327–4517 N/A —— —TDMA (combining with CDMA: Operator #2)15 44 694 CDMA (combining with TDMA: Operator #1)10 150–200 2736–372320 59 974 7 105–140 1856–254025 74 1259 4 60–80 993–137428 83 1431 2 30–40 439–620800 MHz iDEN (Unison); 3 dBm power per carrieriDEN only 16 47 749 N/A —— —1900 MHz PCS (Unison); 6 dBm power per carrierTDMA only 14 41 638 N/A —— —CDMA only 10 150–200 2736–3723 N/A —— —GSM only 14 111 1973 N/A —— —TDMA(combining with CDMA: Operator #2)617 213 CDMA(combining with TDMA: Operator #1)4 60–80 993–13748 23 315 3 45–60 712–99310 29 421 2 30–40 439–62011 32 474 1 15–20 180–264TDMA(combining with GSM:Operator #2)617 213 GSM(combining with TDMA: Operator #1)755 8998 23 315 5 39 60210 29 421 3 23 31511 32 474 2 15 180CDMA(combining with GSM: Operator #2)2 30–40 439–620 GSM(combining with CDMA: Operator #1)10 79 13554 60–80 993–1374 7 55 8996 90–120 1566–2148 4 31 4578 120–200 2148–2933 1 7 59
PN 9000-10 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual 6-1620021-0 Rev. ASECTION 6 Installing Unison Accel6.1 Installation Requirements6.1.1 Component Location RequirementsUnison Accel components are intended to be installed in indoor locations only.6.1.2 Cable and Connector RequirementsThe Accel equipment operates over Category 5 or 6 (Cat-5/6) screened twisted pair (ScTP) cable with shielded RJ-45 connectors. These cables are widely used industry standards for Local Area Networks (LANs). The regulations and guidelines for Uni-son cable installation are identical to those specified by the TIA/EIA 568-A standard and the TIA/EIA/IS-729 supplement for LANs.LGC Wireless recommends plenum-rated Cat-5/6 ScTP cable and connectors for conformity to building codes and standards. Mohawk/CDT 55986 or Belden 1624P DataTwist® Five ScTP cable, or equivalent is required.NOTE: In order to meet FCC and CE Mark emissions requirements, the Cat-5/6 cable must be screened (ScTP) and it must be grounded using shielded RJ-45 con-nectors at both ends.
6-2 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10620021-0 Rev. A6.1.3 Multiple Operator System RecommendationsAs in any Unison Accel system, a multiple operator (neutral host) system requires one Cat-5/6 cable between each Accel Hub and each RAU. In situations where Hubs and/or RAUs will be installed in the future to support the addition of frequency bands and/or wireless Operators, it is advantageous to install the necessary cabling initially. Such deployment typically leads to substantial cost savings over installing parallel cabling at separate times.6.1.4 Distance RequirementsThe following table shows the distances between Unison components and related equipment.Table 6-1 Distance RequirementsEquipment Combination Cable Type Cable Length Additional InformationRepeater to Accel HubCoaxial; N male connectors3–6 m (10–20 ft) typical Limited by loss and noise.Refer to your link budget calculation.10 m (33 ft) maximum Limited by CE Mark require-ments.Base Station to Accel HubCoaxial; N male connectors3–6 m (10–20 ft) typical Limited by loss and noise.Refer to your link budgetcalculation.10 m (33 ft) maximum Limited by CE Mark require-ments.Accel Hub to RAU Cat-5/6 ScTP; shielded RJ-45 male connectors• Minimum: 10 meters (33 ft)• Recommended Max.: 100 meters (328 ft)• Absolute Max.: 150 meters (492 ft)See Section 6.4.4 if using a Cat-5 ExtenderSee “System Gain (Loss) Relative to ScTP Cable Length” on page 5-28.RAU to passive antennaCoaxial; SMA male connectors1–3.5 m (3–12 ft) typical Limited by loss and noise.Refer to your link budgetcalculation.
PN 9000-10 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 6-3620021-0 Rev. A6.2 Safety Precautions6.2.1 Installation GuidelinesUse the following guidelines when installing LGC Wireless equipment:1. Provide sufficient airflow and cooling to the equipment to prevent heat build-up from exceeding the maximum ambient air temperature specification. Do not com-promise the amount of airflow required for safe operation of the equipment.2. If you are removing the system, turn it off and remove the power cord first. There are no user-serviceable parts inside the components.3. The internal power supplies have internal fuses that are not user replaceable. Con-sider the worst-case power consumption shown on the product labels when provi-sioning the equipment’s AC power source and distribution.6.2.2 General Safety PrecautionsThe following precautions apply to LGC Wireless products:• The units have no user-serviceable parts. Faulty or failed units are fully replaceable through LGC Wireless. Please contact us at:1-800-530-9960 (U.S. only)+1-408-952-2400 (International)+44(0) 1223 597812 (Europe)• Although modeled after an Ethernet/LAN architecture and connectivity, the units are not intended to connect to Ethernet data hubs, routers, cards, or other similar data equipment.• When you connect a radiating antenna to an RAU, firmly hand-tighten the SMA female connector – DO NOT over-tighten the connector.WARNING: To reduce the risk of fire or electric shock, do not expose this equipment to rain or moisture. The components are intended for indoor use only. Do not install the RAU outdoors. Do not connect an RAU to an antenna that is located outside where it could be subject to lightning strikes, power crosses, or wind.
6-4 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10620021-0 Rev. A6.3 Preparing for System Installation6.3.1 Pre-Installation InspectionFollow this procedure before installing Unison Accel equipment:1. Verify the number of packages received against the packing list.2. Check all packages for external damage; report any external damage to the ship-ping carrier. If there is damage, a shipping agent should be present before you unpack and inspect the contents because damage caused during transit is the responsibility of the shipping agent.3. Open and check each package against the packing slip. If any items are missing, contact LGC Wireless customer service.4. If damage is discovered at the time of installation, contact the shipping agent.
PN 9000-10 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 6-5620021-0 Rev. A6.3.2 Installation ChecklistTable 6-2 Installation ChecklistInstallation Requirement ConsiderationFloor Plans Installation location of equipment clearly markedSystem Design Used to verify frequency bands after installationPower available:Accel Hub (AC)To RAU (DC)Power cord is 2 m (6.5 ft) long.115/230V, 5.5/3A, 50–60 Hz36V (from the Hub)Rack space available 133.5 mm (5.25 in.) high (3U)Clearance for air circulation:Accel HubRAU76 mm (3 in.) front and rear, 51 mm (2 in.) sides76 mm (3 in.) all aroundSuitable operating environment:Accel HubRAUsIndoor location only0° to +45°C (+32° to +113°F)5% to 95% non-condensing humidity–25° to +45°C (–13° to +113°F)5% to 95% non-condensing humidityDonor Antenna-to-Unison ConfigurationDonor Antenna Installed, inspected; N-male to N-male coaxial cable to lightning arrestor/surge suppressorLightning Arrestor or Surge SuppressorInstalled between roof-top antenna and repeater; N-male to N-male coaxial cableRepeater Installed between lightning arrestor/surge suppressor and Hub; N-male to N-male coaxial cableAttenuator Installed between the circulator and the Hub downlink port to prevent overload. Optionally, it may be installed between the uplink port and the circulatorCirculator or Duplexer Installed between the repeater and the Hub uplink and downlink portsBase Station-to-Unison ConfigurationBase Station Verify RF power (see tables in Section 5.1 on page 5-3); N-male to N-male coaxial cable; installed, inspectedAttenuator Attenuation may be required to achieve the desired RF output at the RAU and the desired uplink noise floor levelCirculator or Duplexer When using a duplex BTS: Installed between the BTS and the Hub uplink and downlink ports. Not used with a simplex BTS
6-6 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10620021-0 Rev. AConnecting LGCell Main Hub(s) to a Unison Main Hub5-port Alarm Daisy-Chain Cable (PN 4024-3)For contact alarm monitoring: connecting 2 to 21 LGCell Main Hubs to a Unison Accel HubIf connecting LGCell to Unison Accel, the Alarm Sense Adapter Cable is required to connect the daisy-chain cable to UnisonDo not combine LGCell Main Hubs with Unison Accel Hubs in the same daisy chainAlarm Sense Adapter Cable(PN 4024-3)Use with 5-port Alarm Daisy-Chain Cable to connect up to 21 LGCell Main Hubs to a Unison Accel HubAlso, use to connect a single LGCell Main Hub to a Unison Accel HubConnecting Multiple Unison Accel Hubs Together5-port Alarm Daisy-Chain Cable (PN 4024-3)For contact alarm monitoring of major and minor alarms. Use to feed the alarms from multiple Unison Accel Hubs into a BTS or MetroReach FocusDo not combine Unison Accel Hubs with LGCell Main Hubs in the same chain.CablingCoaxial: repeater or base station to Accel HubCoax approved; N-type male connectorsCoaxial: RAU to passive antennas Use low-loss cable; SMA male connector; typical 1 m (3.3 ft) using RG142 coaxial cableCat-5/6 ScTP: TIA/EIA 568-A approved; shielded RJ-45 male connectors. ScTP cable must be screened and it must be grounded at both connector endsTie-off cables to avoid damaging the connectors because of cable strainAccel Hub to RAUs • Minimum: 10 meters (33 ft)• Recommended Maximum: 100 meters (328 ft)• Absolute Maximum: 150 meters (492 ft)Accel Hub toCat-5 Extender to RAUConfiguring SystemPC/laptop running AdminManager softwareRefer to the AdminManager User Manual (PN 8810-10)MiscellaneousNull modem cable Female connectors; Accel Hub to a PC/laptop that is running the AdminManager software; local connectionStraight-through cable Female/male connectors; Accel Hub to a modem; remote connectionTable 6-2 Installation Checklist (continued)Installation Requirement ConsiderationMinimum Cat-5/6 Cable Length from Accel Hub to ExtenderMinimum Cat-5/6 Cable Length from Extender to RAUMaximum Total Cat-5/6 Cable Length from Accel Hub to RAU90 meters295 feet20 meters65 feet110 to 170 meters360 to 557 feet
PN 9000-10 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 6-7620021-0 Rev. A6.3.3 Tools and Materials Required6.3.4 Optional AccessoriesCat-5 Extender Used if Cat-5/6 run(s) exceed 100 metersDual-Band Diplexer Used in dual band systems to combine the output of a low-band RAU and a high-band RAU to a single dual band antennaDistancesAccel Hub is within 3–6m (10–20 ft) of connecting repeaterIf longer distance, determine the loss of the cable used for this connection and adjust the RF signal into the Accel Hub accordingly. This can be done by read-justing the power from the base station, or by changing the attenuation value between the base station/repeater and the HubAccel Hub is within 3–6m (10–20 ft) of connecting base stationTable 6-3 Tools and Materials Required for Component InstallationDescriptionCable tiesPhilips screwdriverMounting screws and spring nutsCompressed airScrews, anchors (for mounting RAUs)DrillFusion splicing sleevesTable 6-4 Optional Accessories for Component InstallationDescriptionWall-mount equipment rack(s) (PN 4712)Note that if using this rack with an Accel Hub, the Hub’s mounting bracket must be moved to the center mounting position.Cable management (Cable manager: PN 4759; Tie wrap bar: PN 4757)Teltone Line Sharing Switch (M-394-B-01)When using a single POTS line with multiple Accel Hub/Modems: Connect up to four modems to a line sharing switch; can cascade switches to accommodate up to 16 modems per POTS lineAlarm Cables:5-port Alarm Daisy-Chain Cable (PN 4024-3)Alarm Sense Adapter Cable (PN 4025-1)RAU Dust Cover (PN UNS-1RDP-1)Table 6-2 Installation Checklist (continued)Installation Requirement Consideration
6-8 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10620021-0 Rev. A6.4 Unison Accel Installation ProceduresThe following procedures assume that the system is new from the factory and that it has not been programmed with a band.If you are replacing components in a pre-installed system with either new units or units that may already be programmed (i.e., re-using units from another system), refer to Section 7.• Installing an Accel Hub . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-10• Installing an Accel Hub in a Rack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-10• Installing an Optional Cable Manager in the Rack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-11• Connecting the AdminManager PC to the Accel Hub . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-12• Installing an Accel Hub in a Wall-Mounted Rack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-11• Connecting the ScTP Cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-13• Troubleshooting Accel Hub LEDs During Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-14• Installing RAUs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-15• Installing RAUs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-15• Installing Passive Antennas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-15• Connecting the Antenna to the RAU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-15• Connecting the ScTP Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-16• Troubleshooting RAU LEDs During Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-16• Installing RAUs in a Dual Band System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-17• Connecting the Antenna to the Dual Band Diplexer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-18• Configuring the System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-20• Configuring the Installed System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-20
PN 9000-10 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 6-9620021-0 Rev. AThe following procedures assume that the system is installed and programmed.• Interfacing an Accel Hub to a Base Station or a Roof-top Antenna . . . . . . . . 6-21• Connecting an Accel Hub to an In-Building Base Station . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-21• Connecting an Accel Hub to Multiple Base Stations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-23• Connecting an Accel Hub to a Roof-top Antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-24• Connecting Multiple Accel Hubs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-25• Connecting Multiple Accel Hubs to a Simplex Repeater or Base Station . 6-25• Connecting Multiple Accel Hubs to a Duplex Repeater or Base Station . . 6-27• Connecting Contact Alarms to an Accel System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-29• Alarm Source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-30• Alarm Sense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-33• Alarm Cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-34• Alarm Monitoring Connectivity Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-36• Direct Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-36• Modem Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-37• 232 Port Expander Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-38• POTS Line Sharing Switch Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-39• Ethernet and ENET/232 Serial Hub Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-40
6-10 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10620021-0 Rev. A6.4.1 Installing an Accel HubCAUTION: Install Accel Hubs in indoor locations only.Installing an Accel Hub in a RackThe Accel Hub (3U high) mounts in a standard 19 in. (483 mm) equipment rack. Allow clearance of 76 mm (3 in.) front and rear, and 51 mm (2 in.) on both sides for air circulation. No top and bottom clearance is required.Consideration:• The Accel Hub is shipped with #10-32 mounting screws. Another common rack thread is #12-24. Confirm that the mounting screws match the rack’s threads.To install the hub in a rack:1. Insert spring nuts into rack where needed or use existing threaded holes.2. Place the Hub into the rack from the front.3. Align the flange holes with the spring nuts installed in Step 1.4. Insert the mounting screws in the appropriate positions in the rack.5. Tighten the mounting screws.
PN 9000-10 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 6-11620021-0 Rev. AInstalling an Accel Hub in a Wall-Mounted RackConsiderations:• The rack and the Accel Hub are both 305 mm (12 in.) deep. The rack mounting brackets on the Accel Hub must be moved to the center mounting position to allow for the 76 mm (3 in.) rear clearance that is required.• The maximum weight the rack can hold is 22.5 kg (50 lbs).To install the Hub in a wall-mounted rack:1. Attach the equipment rack to the wall using the screws that are provided.The rack must be positioned so that the Hub will be in a horizontal position when it is installed.2. Remove both of the rack mounting brackets from the Hub.3. Reattach each of the rack mounting brackets to the opposite side of the Hub from which it came.Refer to the following figure for bracket placement.4. Attach the Hub to the rack.Installing an Optional Cable Manager in the Rack• Using the screws provided, fasten the cable manager to the rack, immediately above or below the Accel Hub.Right Rack Mounting Bracket as installed from the factory.Left Rack Mounting Bracket installed onthe right side of the hub.3''3.5''3''3.5''Need new photos
6-12 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10620021-0 Rev. AConnecting the AdminManager PC to the Accel HubConsiderations:• The AdminManager software, described in the AdminManager User Manual (PN 8810-10), must be running on a PC/laptop that is connected to the Accel Hub’s front panel RS-232 port.• Null modem cable with female connectors is required.To connect the PC/laptop, start AdminManager, and power on the Hub:1. Connect the null modem cable to the PC/laptop and then to the RS-232 port on the Hub’s front panel.2. Turn on the PC and start AdminManager.The AdminManager main window is displayed with the Installation Wizard option selected.3. Connect the AC power cord to the Hub.4. Plug the power cord into an AC power outlet.Verify that all cables are properly connected on the Hub.5. Turn on the power to the Hub.Upon initial power-up, the Main Hub LEDs should blink continuously to indicate that there is no frequency band programmed into the Hub.On subsequent power ups, after a band is programmed, the LEDs will blink for five seconds as a visual check that they are functioning.6. Click NEXT if the message displayed indicates a successful test.The Finish window is displayed.7. Click FINISH.The AdminManager session is ended and the window is closed.NOTE: Refer to Section 8 for troubleshooting.6.4.1.1 Installing Accel Hubs in a Multiple Operator SystemInstalling Accel Hubs in a multiple operator system is the same as described in Section 6.4.1 on page 6-10.We recommend mounting all multiple operator system Accel Hubs in the same rack(s), grouped by frequency or wireless carrier. For example, group the Hubs for the 800 MHz cellular bands together, and so on.Connecting to base stations and repeaters is the same as described in Section 6.5 on page 6-21 and Section 6.5.1 on page 6-25.
PN 9000-10 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 6-13620021-0 Rev. AConnecting the ScTP CablesConsideration:• Verify that the cable has been tested and the test results are recorded.To test and connect the ScTP cable:1. Perform cable testing.Test results are required for the final As-Built Document.Cable length:– Minimum: 10 m (33 ft)– Recommended Maximum: 100 m (328 ft)– Absolute Maximum: 150 m (492 ft)2. Label both ends of each cable with which RJ-45 port you’re using.3. Connect the ScTP cables to any available RJ-45 port on the Accel Hub.The LINK and RAU LEDs should be off because the RAU is not connected.4. Record which cable you are connecting to which port.This information is required for the As-Built Document.5. Tie-off cables or use the optional cable manager to avoid damaging the connec-tors because of cable strain.
6-14 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10620021-0 Rev. A6.4.1.2 Troubleshooting Accel Hub LEDs During Installation• All Accel Hub LINK and RAU LEDs with RAUs connected should indicate Green/Red, which indicates that the RAU is powered on and communication has been established.• The Accel Hub STATUS LED should be Green.Table 6-5 Troubleshooting Accel Hub LEDs During InstallationDuringInstallation LED State Action Impact1. Accel Hub power is On and no RAUs are connectedPOWER Off Check AC power; check that the Hub power-on switch is on; replace the Hub. Hub is not powering on.LINK LEDs on but didn’t blink through all statesReplace the Hub. Microcontroller not reset-ting properly; flash memory corrupted.RAULINK Red Port unusable; replace the Hub when possible.Current sensor fault; do not use the port.RAU OffSTATUS Red, after power-up blinkSTATUS Red from green after 90 seconds of power-up blink, cable was connected within 90 seconds of power upSTATUS Red2. Accel Hub power is On and RAUs are con-nectedLINK Off Check the Cat-5/6 cable. Power is not getting to the RAU.RAU OffLINK Red Test the Cat-5/6 cable. If the cable tests OK, try another port. If the second port’s LEDs are Red/Off, replace the RAU. If the second RAU doesn’t work; replace the Accel Hub.Power levels to RAU are not correct; communications are not established.If the second port works, flag the first port as unusable; replace Hub when possible.RAU OffLINK Green Use AdminManager to determine the problem.RAU is off-line.RAU Red
PN 9000-10 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 6-15620021-0 Rev. A6.4.2 Installing RAUsCAUTION: Install RAUs in indoor locations only. Do not connect an antenna that is installed in an outdoor location to an RAU.Installing RAUsMount all RAUs in the locations marked on the floor plans.Considerations:• Install iDEN and 800 MHz cellular RAUs so that their antennas will be at least 6 to 8 meters (20 to 26 feet) apart. Separation is required to reduce signal interference between the two frequency bands.• Attach the RAU securely to a stationary object (i.e., wall, pole, ceiling tile).• For proper ventilation:• Keep at least 76 mm (3 in.) clearance around the RAU to ensure proper venting. Do not stack RAUs on top of each other.• Always mount the RAU with the unpainted face against the mounting surface.Installing Passive AntennasRefer to the manufacturer’s installation instructions to install passive antennas.Passive antennas are usually installed below the ceiling. If they are installed above the ceiling, the additional loss due to the ceiling material must be considered when estimating the antenna coverage area.Considerations:• Install iDEN and 800 MHz cellular RAUs so that their antennas will be at least 6 to 8 meters (20 to 26 feet) apart. Separation is required to reduce signal interference between the two frequency bands.Connecting the Antenna to the RAUConnect a passive antenna to the SMA male connector on the RAU using coaxial cable with the least amount of loss possible.CAUTION: Firmly hand-tighten the SMA female connector – DO NOT over-tighten the connector.
6-16 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10620021-0 Rev. AConnecting the ScTP CableConsideration:• Verify that the cable has been tested and the test results are recorded.To connect the ScTP cable:• Connect the cable to the RJ-45 female port on the RAU.Power is supplied by the Accel Hub. Upon power up, the LEDs will blink for two seconds as a visual check that they are functioning. After the two-second test:•The LINK LED should be green indicating that it is receiving power and com-munications from the Accel Hub.•The ALARM LED should be red until the Accel Hub issues the band command, within about 20 seconds, then it should be green.6.4.2.1 Troubleshooting RAU LEDs During Installation•The LINK and ALARM LEDs should be green.6.4.2.2 Installing RAUs in a Multiple Operator SystemWhen installing both iDEN and Cellular systems in parallel, either as dual-band or multiple operator systems, special provision must be taken to assure that the individ-ual RAUs do not interfere with each other.The 800 MHz Cellular and iDEN RAU’s antennas must be separated by 6 to 8 meters (20 to 26 feet) to assure that the iDEN downlink signals do not interfere with the Cellular uplink signals.Table 6-6 Troubleshooting RAU LEDs During InstallationDuringInstallation LED State Action Impact1. RAU is connected to Accel Hub, which is powered onLINK Off Check Cat-5/6 cable. No power to RAU.ALARM OffLINK Green • Check Cat-5/6 cable• Check Hub LEDsSee page 6-14, item 2 in Table 6-5.• Use AdminManager to determine the problem.RAU is off-line.ALARM RedLINK Red from green, after cables are connected for 60 seconds• Check Cat-5/6 cable• Check Hub LEDs• Use AdminManager to determine the problem.No communications between the RAU and the Hub.ALARM Red
PN 9000-10 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 6-17620021-0 Rev. A6.4.3 Installing Dual Band RAU ConfigurationCAUTION: Install RAUs and diplexers in indoor locations only. Do not connect an antenna that is installed in an outdoor location.Dual band RAU configuration consists of:• 1 higher band RAU•1 lower band RAU• 1 Dual-Band Diplexer (PN #DIPX1-1)• 2 coaxial cables, 3 ft. long (PN #4005-3)Installing RAUs in a Dual Band SystemA Dual-Band Diplexer is used to combine the output of a low-band RAU and a high-band RAU to a single dual band antenna. Considerations:• The Diplexer will have a high loss if it is connected incorrectly. When using it with the Unison system, incorrect connections may trigger the Antenna Disconnect alarm.• When using the Dual-Band Diplexer, the Unison system Antenna Disconnect alarm can detect if the cable is disconnected or cut between the RAU and the Diplexer. This alarm, however, cannot detect if the cable is disconnected or cut between the Diplexer and the antenna.Figure 6-1 shows the RAU configuration in a dual band system. It consists of two RAUs, one for upper band and one for lower band, a diplexer and two 3 ft. coaxial cables.Figure 6-1 Dual Band RAU ConfigurationUnisonRAUUnisonRAUDual BandDiplexerCat-5/6 from Accel HubCat-5/6 from Accel HubAntenna3 ft. coaxial cable3 ft. coaxial cable
6-18 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10620021-0 Rev. ATo connect the RAUs and Dual Band Diplexer for a dual band system:Connecting the Antenna to the Dual Band DiplexerConnect a single passive antenna to the Dual Band Diplexer’s “Antenna” SMA con-nector using coaxial cable with the least amount of loss possible.CAUTION:Firmly hand-tighten the SMA female connector – DO NOT over-tighten the connector.1. Attach the Diplexer to a stable surface (i.e., wall, ceiling tile, pole).Do not mount the Diplexer on top of an RAU.2. Attach the two Unison RAUs to a stable sur-face within 2.5 ft. of the Diplexer (do not stack the RAUs on top of each other).3. Verify that the Unison system is powered on.4. The green LED on both of the RAUs should be lit.5. Connect a coaxial cable to the antenna ports on each of the Unison RAUs.6. The recommended coaxial cable (PN 4005-3) is 3 ft. long.7. Connect the coaxial cable coming from the Unison lower band system (i.e., sys-tem band below 1 GHZ) into the Diplexer port labeled “LOWER BAND.”8. Connect the coaxial cable coming from the Unison upper band system (i.e., sys-tem band above 1 GHZ) into the Diplexer port labeled “UPPER BAND.”9. Connect a coaxial cable from the dual band antenna into the Diplexer port labeled “ANTENNA.”
PN 9000-10 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 6-19620021-0 Rev. A6.4.4 Installing Cat-5 ExtenderThe Cat-5 Extender (PN #UNS-EX170-1) increases the maximum length of the Cat-5/6 ScTP cable run that connects the Accel Hub to the RAU from 100 meters to 170 meters. The minimum cable length between the Hub and Extender is 90 meters and the minimum length between the Extender and RAU is 20 meters. Beyond the minimum lengths, an additional 60 meters of cable, maximum of 170 meters total, can be inserted before or after the Extender.Considerations:• Ensure that the following minimum and maximum cable lenghs are met:To install a Cat-5 Extender:Min. Cat-5/6 Cable Length from Accel Hub to ExtenderMin. Cat-5/6 Cable Length from Extender to RAUMax. Cat-5/6 Cable Length from Accel Hub to RAU90 meters295 feet20 meters65 feet110 to 170 meters360 to 557 feetAccelHubUnisonCat-5/6 ScTP Cable90 meters minimumUnison Cat-5ExtenderCat-5/6 ScTP Cable20 meters minimum170 meters maximumRAU295 feet minimum 65 feet minimum557 feet maximum1. Attach the Cat-5 Extender securely to a stationary object (i.e., wall, pole, ceiling tile).2. Attach the Cat-5/6 cable that is coming from the Accel Hub to the TO UNISON SYSTEM con-nector on the Extender.If the green LED lights on the Extender, then you have correctly connected the Cat 5/6 cable that is connected to the Accel Hub.If the LED does not light, then you may not have connected the cable at the Accel Hub. If the cable is connected and the LED still does not light, then the Unison system may not be powered on, the Cat-5 cable may be cut/broken, or there is a problem with the Extender. Verify that the Accel Hub is connected to AC power and the power switch is in the ON position.3. Attach the Cat-5/6 cable that is coming from the RAU to the TO UNISON RAU connector on the Extender.CAUTION: Do not insert the RAU cable into the Extender until the green LED on the Extender lights. Otherwise, you may damage the RAU.
6-20 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10620021-0 Rev. A6.4.5 Configuring the SystemConfiguring the Installed SystemConsiderations:• The AdminManager PC/laptop is connected to the Main Hub.• The AdminManager software is started.• All system components are installed and powered on.To configure an installed system:1. Select the Installation Wizard (Local) radio button from the AdminManager main window and click RUN.The Step 1, Verify Hardware window is displayed.2. Verify that all system devices are displayed in the System Status box and click NEXT.The Step 2, Set Operation Band window is displayed.3. Click NEXT.The Step 3, Configure System Parameters window is displayed. 4. Enter the desired parameters and click APPLY.5. Click NEXT if the message that is displayed indicates that the parameter setting is successful.The Step 4, Final System Test window is displayed.6. Click APPLY to initiate the final system test.During testing the system is off-line and a center band tone is being transmitted.7. Click NEXT if the message that is displayed indicates that the testing is successful.The Finish window is displayed.8. Click FINISH.The AdminManager session is ended and the window closes.All of the Main Hub’s LEDs should be green.
PN 9000-10 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 6-21620021-0 Rev. A6.5 Interfacing an Accel Hub to a Base Station or a Roof-top AntennaWARNING: Exceeding the maximum input power could cause failure of the Accel Hub (refer to Section 5.1 on page 5-3 for maximum power specifications). If the maximum composite power is too high, attenua-tion is required.Connecting an Accel Hub to an In-Building Base StationConnecting a Simplex Base Station to an Accel Hub:1. Connect an N-male to N-male coaxial cable to the transmit simplex connector on the base station.2. Connect the other end of the N-male to N-male coaxial cable to the DOWNLINK connector on the Hub.3. Connect an N-male to N-male coaxial cable to the receive simplex connector on the base station.4. Connect the other end of the N-male to N-male coaxial cable to the UPLINK con-nector on the Hub.Figure 6-2 Simplex Base Station to an Accel HubN-male to N-maleCoaxial CableBase StationSimplex T1/E1 toMobileSwitchingCenterInsert attenuator, if needed
6-22 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10620021-0 Rev. AConnecting a Duplex Base Station to an Accel Hub:When connecting to a duplex base station, use a circulator between it and the Accel Hub.You can insert attenuators between the circulator and Hub as needed; refer to Section 5.5.1 on page 5-43 for more information.1. Connect an N-male to N-male coaxial cable to the duplex connector on the base station.2. Connect the other N-male connector to a circulator.3. Connect an N-male to N-male coaxial cable to the DOWNLINK connector on the Hub.4. Connect the other end of the N-male coaxial cable to the transmit connector on the circulator.5. Connect an N-male to N-male coaxial cable to the UPLINK connector on the Hub.6. Connect the other end of the N-male coaxial cable to the receive connector on the circulator.Figure 6-3 Duplex Base Station to an Accel HubN-male to N-maleCoaxial CableBase StationDuplex T1/E1 toMobileSwitchingCenterInsert attenuator, if needed N-male to N-maleCoaxial CableCirculator
PN 9000-10 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 6-23620021-0 Rev. AConnecting an Accel Hub to Multiple Base StationsYou can use power combiner/splitters to connect an Accel Hub to multiple base sta-tions, as shown in the following figure.Figure 6-4 Connecting an Accel Hub to Multiple Base StationsN-male to N-maleCoaxial Jumper CablesN-male to N-maleCoaxial Jumper Cableto Repeater orBase Stationbetween Combiner/Splitter andN-male to N-maleCoaxial Jumper Cablesbetween Combiner/Splitter andAccel Hub’s Uplink Port Accel Hub’s Downlink Port2 x 1 PowerCombiner/Splitter 2 x 1 PowerCombiner/SplitterBTS 1UL DLBTS 2UL DLInsert attenuators, if needed
6-24 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10620021-0 Rev. AConnecting an Accel Hub to a Roof-top AntennaIt is recommended that you use a lightning arrestor or surge protector in a roof-top antenna configuration. Insert the lightning arrestor or surge protector between the roof-top antenna and the repeater that is connected to the Accel Hub.1. Connect an N-male to N-male coaxial cable to the roof-top antenna.2. Connect the other end of the N-male to N-male coaxial cable to the grounded surge suppressor.3. Connect an N-male to N-male coaxial cable to the grounded surge suppressor.4. Connect the other end of the N-male to N-male coaxial cable to the repeater.5. Connect an N-male to N-male coaxial cable to the repeater.6. Connect the other end of the N-male to N-male coaxial cable to the circulator 1connector.7. Connect an N-male to N-male coaxial cable to the circulator 2connector.8. Connect the other end of the N-male to N-male coaxial cable to the DOWNLINK connector on the Hub.Attenuation may be required to achieve the desired RF output at the RAU.9. Connect an N-male to N-male coaxial cable to the circulator 3connector.10. Connect the other end of the N-male to N-male coaxial cable to the UPLINK con-nector on the Hub.Roof-topAntennaGroundedSurge Suppressor RepeaterN-male to N-maleCoaxial CablesN-male to N-maleCoaxial CableN-male to N-maleCoaxial Cable CirculatorAttenuator(optional)
PN 9000-10 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 6-25620021-0 Rev. A6.5.1 Connecting Multiple Accel HubsYou can use power combiner/splitters as splitters to connect multiple Accel Hubs in order to increase the total number of RAUs in a system. You can also use power com-biner/splitters to combine base station channels in order to increase the number of RF carriers the system transports.Connecting Multiple Accel Hubs to a Simplex Repeater or Base StationConsiderations:• 2 hybrid power combiner/splitters; one for uplink and one for downlink (2x1 for two Accel Hubs, 3x1 for three, 4x1 for four, etc.)• 1 N-male to N-male coaxial jumper cable between each power combiner/splitter and the base station• 2 N-male to N-male coaxial jumper cables between each power combiner/splitter and each Accel HubProcedure:1. Connect the power combiner/splitters to the repeater or base station using N-male to N-male coaxial jumper cables:b. From the first power combiner/splitter to the repeater or base stationc. From the second power combiner/splitter to the repeater or base station2. Connect the power combiner/splitters to the Hubs:a. From the first Hub’s UPLINK port to the first power combiner/splitterb. From the first Hub’s DOWNLINK port to the second power combiner/splitterc. From the second Hub’s UPLINK port to the first power combiner/splitterd. From the second Hub’s DOWNLINK port to the second power combiner/splitter3. Check Hub LEDs.After connecting and powering on the Hub, check all LEDs to ensure that the sys-tem is operating properly.NOTE: Use a 50 ohm terminator on any unused power combiner/splitter ports.The following figure shows connecting two Hubs to a simplex repeater or base sta-tion. Connecting two Hubs increases the total number of supportable RAUs from 8 to 16.
6-26 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10620021-0 Rev. AFigure 6-5 Connecting Two Accel Hubs to a Simplex Repeater or Base StationN-male to N-maleCoaxial Jumper CablesN-male to N-maleCoaxial Jumper Cableto Repeater orBase Station2 x 1 PowerCombiner/SplitterN-male to N-maleCoaxial Jumper Cableto Repeater orBase Stationbetween Combiner/Splitter andN-male to N-maleCoaxial Jumper Cablesbetween Combiner/Splitter andAccel Hub’s Downlink Port Accel Hub’s Uplink Port2 x 1 PowerCombiner/Splitter
PN 9000-10 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 6-27620021-0 Rev. AConnecting Multiple Accel Hubs to a Duplex Repeater or Base StationConsiderations:• 2 hybrid power combiner/splitters; one for uplink and one for downlink (2x1 for two Accel Hubs, 3x1 for three, 4x1 for four, etc.)• 2 N-male to N-male coaxial jumper cables to connect each Accel Hub to the power combiner/splitters• 1 circulator• 1 N-male to N-male coaxial jumper cable between each circulator and the repeater or base station• 1 N-male to N-male coaxial jumper cable1 between each circulator and power combiner/splitterProcedure:1. Connect the Circulator to the power combiner/splitters and to the repeater or base station using one N-male to N-male coaxial jumper cable.2. Connect each power combiner/splitter to the circulator using one N-male to N-male coaxial jumper cable.3. Connect the power combiner/splitter to the Hubs:a. From the first Hub’s UPLINK port to the first power combiner/splitterb. From the first Hub’s DOWNLINK port to the second power combiner/splitterc. From the second Hub’s UPLINK port to the first power combiner/splitterd. From the second Hub’s DOWNLINK port to the second power combiner/splitter4. Check Hub LEDs.After connecting and powering on the Hub, check all LEDs to ensure that the sys-tem is operating properly.NOTE: Use a 50 ohm terminator on any unused power combiner/splitter ports.
6-28 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10620021-0 Rev. ATo connect two Hubs to a duplex repeater or base station, you need to use one circu-lator and one more coaxial jumper cable, as shown in the following figure.Figure 6-6 Connecting Two Accel Hubs to a Duplex Repeater or Base StationN-male to N-maleCoaxial Jumper Cables2 x 1 PowerCombiner/Splitterbetween Combiner/Splitter andN-male to N-maleCoaxial Jumper Cablesbetween Combiner/Splitter andAccel Hub’s Downlink Port Accel Hub’s Uplink Port2 x 1 PowerCombiner/SplitterN-male to N-maleCoaxial Jumper CableN-male to N-maleCoaxial Jumper CableCirculatorN-male to N-maleCoaxial Jumper Cableto Repeater orBase StationInsert attenuator, if needed
PN 9000-10 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 6-29620021-0 Rev. A6.6 Connecting Contact Alarms to an Accel SystemThe Accel Hub can generate (source) two contact alarms as well as sense an external contact alarm.• Alarm Source (see Section 6.6.1 on page 6-30)The Accel Hub has two alarm contacts, fault (major) and warning (minor). These contact are normally-closed (NC) and will open when an internal alarm is detected.• Fault is activated when any faults or disconnects are detected.• Warning is activated when any warning conditions are detected except lockout or when the end-to-end system test is not valid.• Alarm Sense (see Section 6.6.2 on page 6-33)The Accel Hub can monitor an external alarm contact. The port can be configured for normally-open (NO) or normally-closed (NC) contacts. The interface expects a set of floating contacts, and an external voltage source is not required for this inter-face. AdminManager is used to monitor the port status.The following table lists the alarm types, equipment that Accel is connected to, cable(s) used, and the errors (major and/or minor) that are detected.Note that LGCell and MetroReach Focus support only faults (major errors).Do not mix LGCell and Unison Accel Hubs in the same daisy-chain. You can daisy-chain multiple LGCell Main Hubs together and use the Alarm Sense Adapter Cable to connect the chain to a Unison Accel Hub, which will act as an alarm sensor.Alarm Type Unison connected to Cable(s) Used Errors DetectedSource MetroReach 5-port Alarm Daisy-Chain Cable FaultsSource BTS 5-port Alarm Daisy-Chain Cable Faults and WarningsIn addition, a custom daisy-chain cable-to-BTS interface cable is required. Make this interface cable to the desired length and with the appropriate pin placement.Sense LGCell 5-port Alarm Daisy-Chain Cable and the Alarm Sense Adapter CableFaults
6-30 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10620021-0 Rev. A6.6.1 Alarm SourceUnison always acts an alarm source, no matter what type of equipment you are con-necting to. Refer to Section 6.6.2 on page 6-33 if you want Unison Accel to sense LGCell contact closures or other external alarms.Using MetroReach Focus to Monitor Unison AccelWhen you connect MetroReach Focus to Unison Accel, the Unison Accel Hub is the output of the alarms (alarm source) and Focus is the input (alarm sense), as shown in the following figure. Focus supports only faults (major errors).Figure 6-7 Connecting MetroReach to Unison AccelRF OUTDOWNLINK RF INUPLINKFIBERUPLINKDOWNLINKALARMRS-232CMetroReachFocusRFMAlarmSenseAlarmSourceAlarmSource5-port Alarm Daisy-Chain CableMay need9-pin Adapter,which shipswith the cableUnison Accel Hub
PN 9000-10 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 6-31620021-0 Rev. AUsing a Base Station to Monitor Unison AccelWhen you connect a BTS to Unison Accel, the Unison Accel Hub is the output of the alarms (alarm source) and the BTS is the input (alarm sense), as shown in the follow-ing figure. An interface cable is required between the daisy-chain cable and the BTS. Because BTS alarm interface pinouts and Accel-to-BTS distances vary, this cable often is custom and wired on-site.Figure 6-8 Using a BTS to Monitor Unison AccelBTSInterfaceCableAlarmSenseAlarmSourceAlarmSource5-port Alarm Daisy-Chain CableUnison Accel Hub
6-32 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10620021-0 Rev. AUsing a Base Station and AdminManager to Monitor Unison AccelIn order to take full advantage of Unison Accel’s OA&M capabilities you can use LGC Wireless’ AdminManager software in addition to a BTS to monitor the system, as shown in Figure 6-9.Figure 6-9 Using a BTS and AdminManager to Monitor Unison AccelModemStraight-through modem cable connectedto Accel Hub’s front panel serial portPSTN ModemPC runningAdminManagerSoftwareBTSInterfaceCableAlarmSenseAlarmSourceAlarmSource5-port Alarm Daisy-Chain CableUnison Accel Hub
PN 9000-10 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 6-33620021-0 Rev. A6.6.2 Alarm SenseUse AdminManager to enable the Unison Accel system for “alarm sense” when con-necting to the contact closure of LGCell Main Hubs or other external alarms (see Set Contact Sense Properties in the AdminManager User Manual).Using Unison Accel to Monitor LGCellsWhen you connect LGCell to Unison Accel, the Unison Accel Hub is the input of the alarms (alarm sense) and the LGCell is the output (alarm source), as shown in the fol-lowing figure.Figure 6-10 Connecting LGCell to Unison AccelLGCell supports only faults (major errors). You must use the Alarm Sense Adapter Cable (see page 6-35) to interface the daisy-chain cable to Unison Accel. The adapter cable is required because it translates the LGCell fault pinout to the sense input pins on the Unison Accel Hub.Up to 5 LGCell Main HubsUnison Accel HubAlarmSense AlarmSourceAlarmSourceAlarm SenseAdapter Cable5-port Alarm Daisy-Chain Cable
6-34 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10620021-0 Rev. A6.6.3 Alarm Cables5-port Alarm Daisy-Chain CableFigure 6-11 shows the 5-port Alarm Daisy-Chain Cable (PN 4024-3), which supports fault and warning conditions (i.e., major and minor errors).Figure 6-11 5-port Alarm Daisy-Chain CableDB-9 female toBase Station,MetroReach Focus,ARM2000-RU, orJ1Female J2MaleJ3MaleJ4MaleJ5MaleJ6MaleJ7FemaleTerminatorSpliceSpliceSpliceSpliceSpliceSpliceSpliceSplice79457945794579457945741.2 meters (4 feet).5 meter(1.5 feet)DB-9 male toUnison, MetroReachFocus, or LGCellAlarm PortDB-9 male toUnison, MetroReachFocus, or LGCellAlarm PortDB-9 male toUnison, MetroReachFocus, or LGCellAlarm PortDB-9 male toUnison, MetroReachFocus, or LGCellAlarm PortOption 1: DB-9 toUnison, MetroReachFocus, or LGCellAlarm Port.J7 not usedOption 2: Use J2-J5for alarm ports. J6 is usedto connect to an additionalAlarm Daisy-Chain Cable.J7 is not used.Option 3: Connectfewer than 5 ports andterminate the daisy chainby connecting J7 to thelowest unused port.ConnectorHood.5 meter(1.5 feet).5 meter(1.5 feet).5 meter(1.5 feet).25 meter(.75 feet)the Alarm SenseAdapter Cable whenconnecting LGCellNOTE: Do not daisy-chain Unison Accel Hubs with LGCell or MetroReach if you want both faults and warnings from Unison. Only faults are reported if you combine Unison Accel with LGCell or MetroReach in the same daisy chain.to Unison7945
PN 9000-10 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 6-35620021-0 Rev. AAlarm Sense Adapter CableThe alarm sense adapter cable (PN 4025-1) translates the LGCell fault pinout to the sense input pins on the Unison Accel Hub. You must use this adapter cable, as illus-trated in Figure 6-12, with the 5-port Alarm Daisy-Chain Cable when connecting LGCell to Unison.Figure 6-12 Alarm Sense Adapter CableJ818J979To Unison Accel To Daisy-Chain Cable3 feet
6-36 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10620021-0 Rev. A6.7 Alarm Monitoring Connectivity OptionsThe following connectivity options are described here:• Section 6.7.1 Direct Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-36• Section 6.7.2 Modem Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-37• Section 6.7.3 232 Port Expander Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-38• Section 6.7.4 POTS Line Sharing Switch Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-39• Section 6.7.5 Ethernet and ENET/232 Serial Hub Connection . . . . . . . . . . . 6-40Note that the only accessory that is available through LGC Wireless is the DB-9 to DB-9 null modem cable, which is provided with AdminManager.6.7.1 Direct ConnectionIn this configuration, the AdminManager PC connects directly to the RS-232 serial port on the Accel Hub’s front panel using a null modem cable.Figure 6-13 OA&M Direct ConnectionNOTE: The null modem cable must support full hardware handshaking. See Appendix A.4 on page A-4 for cable wiring information.PC runningSoftwareNull Modem CableAdminManagerLINKRAUPORT 1LINKRAUPORT 2LINKRAUPORT 3LINKRAUPORT 4LINKRAUPORT 5LINKRAUPORT 6LINKRAUPORT 7LINKRAUPORT 8POWERSTATUSPOWERInterReachUnison AccelRS-232
PN 9000-10 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 6-37620021-0 Rev. A6.7.2 Modem ConnectionIn this configuration, the PC and the Accel Hub connect to modems and communicate via a standard dial-up telephone connection.Figure 6-14 OA&M Modem ConnectionNOTE: See Appendix A.3 on page A-3 for the modem cable wiring information.Straight-throughmodem cablePC runningSoftwareAdminManagerLINKRAUPORT 1LINKRAUPORT 2LINKRAUPORT 3LINKRAUPORT 4LINKRAUPORT 5LINKRAUPORT 6LINKRAUPORT 7LINKRAUPORT 8POWERSTATUSPOWERInterReachUnison AccelRS-232ModemStraight-through modem cablePSTN Modem
6-38 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10620021-0 Rev. A6.7.3 232 Port Expander ConnectionIn this configuration a port expander is used to allow the connection of multiple devices to a single PC serial port. Testing was performed with an Equinox SST-16P Multiport Board. A DB-25 male to DB-9 female modem cable must be made to con-nect the connector panel to the Accel Hub (refer to Appendix A.5 on page A-5). Or, you can use a DB-25 male/DB-9 male adapter with a DB-9 female to DB-9 female null modem cable.Figure 6-15 OA&M Connection using a 232 Port ExpanderNOTE: See Appendix A.5 on page A-5 for the modem cable wiring information.232 Port ExpanderHost CableSerial Expansion Card to Connector PanelConnector PanelDB-25 male to DB-9 femaleModem CablePC runningSoftwareAdminManagerLINKRAUPORT 1LINKRAUPORT 2LINKRAUPORT 3LINKRAUPORT 4LINKRAUPORT 5LINKRAUPORT 6LINKRAUPORT 7LINKRAUPORT 8POWERSTATUSPOWERInterReachUnison AccelRS-232
PN 9000-10 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 6-39620021-0 Rev. A6.7.4 POTS Line Sharing Switch ConnectionUsing a line sharing switch you can connect up to four modems to a single telephone line. Testing was performed with a Teltone Line Sharing Switch, model number M-394-B-01.Figure 6-16 OA&M Connection using a POTS Line Sharing SwitchUp to 16 modems can be monitored using a single telephone line by cascading line sharing switches, as shown in Figure 6-17.Figure 6-17 Cascading Line Sharing SwitchesLINKRAUPORT 1LINKRAUPORT 2LINKRAUPORT 3LINKRAUPORT 4LINKRAUPORT 5LINKRAUPORT 6LINKRAUPORT 7LINKRAUPORT 8POWERSTATUS InterReachUnison AccelModemPSTNLine Sharing SwitchUp to 4 modemsper SwitchModemModemStraight-throughmodem cableStraight-throughmodem cablePC runningSoftwareAdminManagerModemPSTNLine Sharing SwitchLine Sharing Switch Line Sharing Switch Line Sharing Switch Line Sharing SwitchModemModemModemModemModemModemModemModemModemModemModemModemModemModemModemModemStraight-throughmodem cableStraight-throughmodemcablesPC runningSoftwareAdminManager
6-40 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10620021-0 Rev. A6.7.5 Ethernet and ENET/232 Serial Hub ConnectionAn Ethernet-to-RS-232 serial hub or converter box can be used to communicate between the PC and Unison Accel. Testing was performed with an Equinox SST Ethernet Serial Provider.Figure 6-18 OA&M Connection using Ethernet and ENET/232 Serial HubENET/232Serial HubTCP/IPEthernet Modem CableRJ-45 to DB-9 femaleCat-5PC runningSoftwareAdminManagerLINKRAUPORT 1LINKRAUPORT 2LINKRAUPORT 3LINKRAUPORT 4LINKRAUPORT 5LINKRAUPORT 6LINKRAUPORT 7LINKRAUPORT 8POWERSTATUSPOWERInterReachUnison AccelRS-232
PN 9000-10 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual 7-1620021-0 Rev. ASECTION 7 Replacing Unison Accel Components in an Operational System7.1 Replacing an RAUBe aware that the new RAU must be the same band as the one you are replacing. If you replace an RAU with one that is of the wrong band, it will not work.The Accel Hub automatically checks the band of a replaced RAU. There is no need to issue commands directly from the Hub. Therefore, as long as the RAU is of the cor-rect band, the system will operate properly.Replacing an RAU1. Use AdminManager or refer to the As-Built Document to review the current RAU’s configuration. To use AdminManager:a. Select Get Unit Info command from the Configuration and Maintenance Panel.The Options dialog box is displayed (see Get Unit Info in the AdminManager User Manual, PN 8810-10).b. Select Remote Access Unit radio button.c. Enter the hierarchy of the RAU in the text box.For example, for RAU number 4 that is connected to Expan-sion Hub number 1, enter 1-4.d. Click OK.Information for the RAU is displayed in the Configuration and Maintenance Panel window.5. Disconnect the Cat-5/6 cable and antenna from the unit to be replaced.6. Install the new RAU.7. Connect the antenna and then the Cat-5/6 cable to the new RAU.8. Repeat Step 1 to verify that the new RAU is of the same frequency band as the one replaced.
7-2 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10620021-0 Rev. AAdminManager Tasks• Use the Advanced RAU Settings option on the Configuration & Maintenance panel to set the RAU’s 10 dB attenuation and UL ALC settings.• When convenient, perform System Test to optimize performance.During System Test, the entire system is temporarily off-line and no RF is being transmitted. Checking the RAU’s LEDs1. The RAU’s LINK and ALARM LEDs should blink (green/red) on power up.• If the LEDs do not blink on power up, replace the RAU.2. After several seconds both LEDs should change to green, which indicates that the unit has been successfully replaced, there is communication with the Hub, and the RAU band is correct.a. If the LINK LED remains green and the ALARM LED remains red, verify that the RAU model is correct for the intended frequency band.– Disconnect the cable and then reconnect it once; doing this more than once will not change the result.b. If both LEDs still don’t change to green, use the AdminManager to determine the exact nature of the fault and see a recommendation of how to correct it.c. If both LEDs turn red (after 45 seconds), the Hub has terminated communica-tions.
PN 9000-10 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 7-3620021-0 Rev. A7.2 Replacing an Accel HubYou must record the system configuration settings from the old Accel Hub’s memory before replacing the unit (see Get System Configuration Settings below). You will program the new Hub with this information. If the Hub is programmed incorrectly, the system will not work. If the Hub is not functioning, get the configuration settings from the As-Built Document that was created as part of the original installation.Get System Configuration Settings1. Connect the null modem cable to the PC/laptop and the Accel Hub.2. Start the AdminManager software.3. Select the Configuration & Maintenance Panel option from the AdminManager main window.4. Click the SAVE CONFIG button.The Save Configuration Notes dialog box is displayed.5. Type any notes you want to save with the configuration settings into the dialog box and click OK.The configuration settings are saved in a text file, for example:Begin Notes *******************************************LGC HQ05/23/01 MH configuration L010MH11System configurationEnd Notes *********************************************Frequency Band is DCS Low.SystemGain:UL=12dB,DL=4dB.Callback Number is 1234567.System label is LGC.Main Hub Information:Serial Number: L010BMH1Part Number: 7405101Revision Number: 03Firmware Revision: 010526Expansion Hub LGC-1 Information:Serial Number: L010BEH9Part Number: 7405101Revision Number: 03Firmware Revision: 010513RAU LGC-1-5 Information:Serial Number: L010BRU1Part Number: 7405101Revision Number: 03Firmware Revision: 010021Changes for Accel
7-4 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10620021-0 Rev. AReplacing an Accel Hub1. Turn off the power to the Accel Hub.2. Disconnect all cables and the AC power cord.3. Replace the Hub with a new one.4. Connect the AC power cord and all cables – remembering to clean and correctly connect the uplink and downlink cables.5. Connect the null modem cable to the PC and then to the Hub’s front panel DB-9 serial connector.6. Start the AdminManager software.7. Select the Installation Wizard option from the AdminManager main window.8. Turn on the power to the Hub.9. Observe the LEDs after turning on the power.If there is no band programmed in the Hub, the LEDs will blink continuously and there is no communication with connected Expansion Hubs or their RAUs.If there is a band programmed, the LEDs blink for a 5-second test. The programmed band is then issued to all Expansion Hubs and their RAUs, and a system test is performed. It can take up to 1.5 minutes to complete the test. During System Test, the entire system is temporarily off-line and no RF is being transmitted.AdminManager Tasks• Use the Installation Wizard to:• Set the Operation Band• Use the Configuration & Maintenance panel to:• Set Callback Number• Set Contact Sense Properties• Set System Parameters• Perform System TestDuring System Test, the entire system is temporarily off-line and no RF is being transmitted. Always perform the system test if the band was changed.
PN 9000-10 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 7-5620021-0 Rev. AChecking the Accel Hub’s LEDs• The LEDs should blink through a 5-second test on power up.• If the LEDs do not blink on power up, replace the Hub.• If the LEDs do not illuminate at all, make sure the AC power cable is con-nected.• If the LEDs blink continuously, there is no band programmed in the Hub and there is no communication with connected RAUs.• For each Cat-5/6 port that has a connected RAU:•The LINK LED should be green.•The RAU LED should be green indicating the RAU is functioning• Refer to Section 8.3, “Troubleshooting,” on page 8-2 for more LED states.NOTE: Use the AdminManager software’s Configuration & Maintenance panel to isolate system problems.
7-6 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10620021-0 Rev. A
PN 9000-10 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual 8-1620021-0 Rev. ASECTION 8 Maintenance, Troubleshooting, and Technical AssistanceThere are no user-serviceable parts in any of the Unison components. Faulty or failed components are fully replaceable through LGC Wireless.Address 2540 Junction AvenueSan Jose, California95134-1902 USAPhone 1-408-952-2400Fax 1-408-952-2410Help Hot Line 1-800-530-9960 (U.S. only)+1-408-952-2400 (International)Web Address http://www.lgcwireless.come-mail service@lgcwireless.com8.1 ServiceThere are no user-serviceable parts in the Unison Accel system. All units should be replaced and returned to the factory for service if needed.8.2 MaintenanceNo periodic maintenance of the Unison Accel equipment is required.
8-2 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10620021-0 Rev. A8.3 TroubleshootingNOTE: Unison has no user-serviceable parts. Faulty or failed units are fully replaceable through LGC Wireless.Sources of potential problems include:• Faulty cabling/connector• Malfunction of one or more Unison Accel components• Antenna, base station, or repeater problem• External RF interface• Tripped circuit breaker• Using a Null modem cable that does not support full hardware handshaking when using AdminManagerNOTE: Faulty cabling is the cause of a vast majority of problems. All Cat-5/6 cable should be tested to TIA/EIA 568-A specifications.You must use AdminManager for troubleshooting the system, only use the LEDs as backup or for confirmation. However, if there are communication problems within the system, the LEDs may provide additional information that is not available using AdminManager. The only problem that is indicated solely by the LEDs is when a band is not programed in the Accel Hub. In that case, the LEDs flash continuously, beyond the normal system check flashing upon power up.If you cannot determine the cause of a problem after following the recommended pro-cedures, call LGC Wireless customer help hot line:1-800-530-9960 (U.S. only)+1-408-952-2400 (International)
PN 9000-10 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 8-3620021-0 Rev. A8.3.1 Troubleshooting using AdminManagerTo begin troubleshooting, use AdminManager software to determine the current faults and warnings for all of the units in the system. To troubleshoot, start with the Accel Hub’s faults and warnings, then proceed to each of the RAUs.8.3.1.1 Fault IndicationsOnce all of the units are powered on and the cable connections are made, the faults from each unit can be requested using AdminManager. Start with the Accel Hub and work downstream.Resolve all faults first and then check the warnings. Take appropriate action to resolve the faults, as indicated in the following tables. In cases where there is more than one possible cause, they are listed from the “most likely” to the “least likely” cause. Actions are listed in the order that they should be performed; not all actions may need to be done.NOTE: If you have a red STATUS LED without a fault message, it probably indicates that the unit is locked out.Faults Reported by the Accel HubTable 8-1 Faults Reported by the Accel HubFault Message & Icon LED State Possible Causes Action ImpactAccel Hub FaultsHardware failureSTATUS Red Internal hard-ware failure.Replace the Hub. System off-line.Frequency band not programmedAll LEDs(except POWER)Continuous blinkingFactory default. Program the frequency band using AdminManager’s Installation Wiz-ard.System off-line.Failed to per-form system testSTATUS Red Internal failure. Replace the Hub when possible. Degraded performance.
8-4 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10620021-0 Rev. AAccel is over temperatureSTATUS Red Fan failure Use AdminManager to check Hub status.Check the Hub fan for rotation, air flow blockage, dust.If fan is not operating, replace the Hub.Hub and con-nected RAUs off-line.RAUn uplink AGC failureLINK Green Cat-5/6 cable length.Check Cat-5/6 cable length. Degraded performance.RAU Green Cat-5/6 cable failure.Check Cat-5/6 cable for shorts or opens.STATUS RedHub uplink port failure or RAU failure.Move RAU to another port. If fault persists, replace the RAU. If no fault, flag previous port as unusable and replace the Hub when possible.Hub internal fail-ure.If more than one RAU connected to the same Hub reports this failure, replace the Hub.RAUn downlink port failureSTATUS Red Hub internal fail-ure.Move the RAU to another port. If fault persists, replace the Hub. If no fault, flag previous port as unusable and replace the Hub when possible.Degraded performance.RAU FaultsRAUn discon-nected and LINK Red RAU was con-nected and is now discon-nected.If RAUn is disconnected, reconnect it or use AdminManager’s “Clear All Disconnect Status” command to clear the disconnect fault.RAUn is off-line.RAU OffCat-5/6 cable failure.Check Cat-5/6 cable for shorts or opens.RAU internal failure or Accel Hub port bad.Move the RAU to another port. If fault persists, replace the RAU. If no fault, flag previous port as unusable and replace the Hub when possible.No communica-tion with RAUn and LINK Red Cat-5/6 cable failure.Verify that the Cat-5/6 cable has no shorts or opens.Degraded performance or RAUn is off-line.RAU OffRAU internal failure.orAccel Hub port failure.Move the RAU cables to another port. If fault persists, replace the RAU; otherwise, the Hub port is bad, mark the port as unusable and replace the Hub when possible.Table 8-1 Faults Reported by the Accel Hub (continued)Fault Message & Icon LED State Possible Causes Action Impact
PN 9000-10 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 8-5620021-0 Rev. ARAUn over current and LINK Green Cat-5/6 cable failure.Verify Cat-5/6 cable has no shorts or opens.RAUn is off-line.RAU RedRAU internal failure.Move RAU to another port. If fault persists, replace the RAU. If no fault reported, remove the RAU, power cycle the Hub, connect known good RAU to port. If fault reported, replace the Hub.Table 8-1 Faults Reported by the Accel Hub (continued)Fault Message & Icon LED State Possible Causes Action Impact
8-6 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10620021-0 Rev. ARemote Access Unit FaultsTable 8-2 Remote Access Unit FaultsFault Message LED State Possible Causes Action ImpactHardware failure ALARM Red Internal hardware failure. Replace the RAU. RAU is off-line.Frequency band not programmedALARM Red Wrong version of RAU for frequency band desired.Replace the RAU if not valid for desired frequency band.RAU is off-line.RAU is over temperatureALARM Red Ambient temperature above maximum.Check environmental controls; move the RAU to cooler envi-ronment.RAU is off-line.Power supplied by Accel Hub is too lowALARM Red Cat-5/6 cable failure. Verify Cat-5/6 cable has no shorts or opens.RAU is off-line.RAU internal failure.or Accel Hub port failure.Move the RAU cable to another Hub port. If fault persists, replace the RAU; otherwise, the Hub port is bad, mark the port as unusable and replace the Hub when possible.Accel Hub internal failure. If more than one RAU con-nected to the same Hub reports this failure, replace the Hub.Downlink pilot failureALARM Red Cat-5/6 cable failure. Verify that the Cat-5/6 cable has no shorts or opens.Verify maximum Cat-5/6 cable length of 150 meters.Verify minimum Cat-5/6 cable length of 10 meters.Degraded perfor-mance or RAU is off-line.RAU internal failure.or Accel Hub port failure.Move the RAU cable to another Hub port. If fault persists, replace the RAU; otherwise, the Hub port is bad, mark the port as unusable and replace the Hub when possible.Accel Hub internal failure. If more than one RAU con-nected to the same Hub reports this failure, replace the Hub.
PN 9000-10 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 8-7620021-0 Rev. A8.3.1.2 Warning IndicationsWarnings alert you to conditions that indicate potential system failure. Warnings are displayed in the Messages pane in red lettering.Before addressing warnings, ensure that all faults are resolved. Take appropriate action to resolve the warnings, as indicated in the following tables.Accel Hub WarningsRemote Access Unit WarningsTable 8-3 Accel Hub WarningsWarning Message Action ImpactTemperature is high Check room environmental controls. Potential Hub failure.Input signal above lim-iterReduce input signal strength. Can only occur for DCS, GSM, or UMTS configurationsTable 8-4 Remote Access Unit WarningsWarning Message Action ImpactTemperature is high Move the RAU to cooler environment. Potential RAU failure.Power amplifier is fail-ingReplace the RAU when possible. Potential RAU failure.
8-8 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10620021-0 Rev. A8.3.1.3 Status MessagesStatus messages alert you to conditions that may impact system performance. Status messages are displayed in the Messages pane in blue lettering.NOTE: The icons displayed in the system status tree assume that there are no other faults, warnings, or status present.Accel Hub Status MessagesTable 8-5 Accel Hub Status MessagesMessage Icon Action ImpactCommanded out of ser-viceCommand unit into service using Admin-Manager.System is off-line.Unable to perform sys-tem test on power upCheck Hubs and RAUs for faults and warnings.Degraded system performance.RAU reports a warning statusCheck RAUs for warnings. Degraded system performance.Unable to perform sys-tem end-to-end testReplace Hub when possible. Degraded system performance.Fann failure Check the Hub fans for rotation, air flow blockage, dustUse AdminManager to check Hub status.If fans are not operating, replace the Hub.Temperature may rise to fault level result-ing in the Hub and connected RAUs being off-line.Cat-5/6 cable is longer than recommended maxi-mumCheck that the Cat-5/6 cable does not exceed the recommended maximum length.Degraded system performance.Commanded Fault Lock-outUse AdminManager to check Hub faults and replace Hub as required.Perform system test.Connected RAUs are off-line.
PN 9000-10 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 8-9620021-0 Rev. ARemote Access Unit Status MessagesTable 8-6 Remote Access Unit Status MessagesMessage Icon Action ImpactDC voltage is low Check the Cat-5/6 cable for shorts and opens.Replace the RAU when possible.Unreliable operation.Cat-5/6 cable is longer than recommended maxi-mumCheck that the Cat-5/6 cable does not exceed the recommended maximum length.Degraded system performance.Unit not system tested Use AdminManager to command System Test. Note that the system will be off-line for 30 seconds during test.System not operating at optimum perfor-mance.Antenna disconnected Check that the antenna is connected to the RAU; check coax cable between RAU and antenna.Antenna may be disconnected. If it is con-nected, then the antenna/cable measure higher return loss than optimum configu-ration.RAU Commanded Out-of-ServiceCommand unit into service using Admin-Manager.RAU is off-line.Commanded Fault Lock-outUse AdminManager to check Hub faults and and replace Hub as required.RAU is off-line.Power supplied by Accel Hub is too highCheck the Cat-5/6 cable for opens and shorts.Move RAU cable to another Hub port.Replace RAU when possible.Unreliable operation.System test uplink failure Unable to complete system test. Degraded system performance.Can’t calibrate downlink Unable to complete system test. Degraded system performance.
8-10 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10620021-0 Rev. A8.3.2 Troubleshooting using LEDsThe following troubleshooting guide is from the perspective that all Unison Accel equipment is installed, their cables are connected, and they are powered on; it is assumed that the system was operating normally before the problem to be diagnosed occurred. (Refer to Section 6 for information on troubleshooting during initial instal-lation of the system.)Always use AdminManager, if possible, to troubleshoot the system. The Hub LEDs are for backup troubleshooting. The RAU LEDs probably will not provide additional information for troubleshooting.
PN 9000-10 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 8-11620021-0 Rev. A8.3.2.1 Troubleshooting Accel Hub LEDs During Normal Operation• All of the Accel Hub’s LINK and RAU LEDs that have RAUs connected should be Green/Green, indicating that the RAU is powered on, communication is estab-lished, and operation is normal.•The POWER and STATUS LEDs should all be Green.Table 8-7 Troubleshooting Accel Hub Port LEDs During Normal OperationDuringNormal Operation Accel Hub Port LEDs State Action ImpactRAU is not connectedLINK Red If the RAU was disconnected acci-dentally, re-connect the Cat-5/6 cable. The Hub’s port LEDs should change to Green/Red (then Green/Green, after 20 seconds, if the Hub is connected and has band pro-grammed).Use AdminManager to calibrate sys-tem when possible to achieve the best performance.Use AdminManager’s “Clear All Disconnect Status” command if you are permanently removing the RAU from service. The Hub’s port LEDs should change to Off/Off.RAU was previously connected, but it is not currently connected; RAU cable is disconnected.RAU OffRAU isconnectedLINK Red Disconnect/reconnect the Cat-5/6 cable to force power-on reset to the RAU. If the port LEDs remain Red/Off, check for the exact cause of Hub faults using AdminManager.Lost communications with the RAU. The RAU could have powered down due to over current; cable could have been damaged.RAU OffLINK Green RAU reports a fault condition; check for the exact cause of Hub and RAU faults using AdminManager.Depends on the fault condition.RAU Red
8-12 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10620021-0 Rev. ATable 8-8 Troubleshooting Accel Hub Status LEDs During Normal OperationDuringNormal OperationAccel Hub Status LEDs State Action ImpactAt Any Time STATUS Red Use AdminManager to determine the exact cause of the fault.Power cycle one time. If fault remains, replace the Hub.Internal Hub fault.Use AdminManager to check if the Hub is commanded Out-of-Service (every Hub PORT LED will be red as well). A power cycle will not clear a com-manded Out-of-Serivce, you must use AdminManager to clear this state.Main Hub and all downstream units are off-line.STATUS Alternating Red/GreenReduce input signal power; reduce system gain.Signal compression.
PN 9000-10 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 8-13620021-0 Rev. A8.4 Troublshooting Cat-5/6Refer to Table A-1 on page A-1 for a description of the Cat-5/6 wire assignments. The following table summarizes Cat-5/6 problems if a wire is cut or miswired.Table 8-9 Summary of Cat-5/6 Cable Wiring ProblemsType of problem Message Icon ImpactWire 1 or 2 cut None High phase noise, degraded signal on both Downlink and Uplink (high bit error rate)Wire 3 or 6 cut • No communication with RAUn RAU unable to communicate with Hub, degraded performance or RAU off-lineWire 4 or 5 cut • RAUn uplink AGC failure Increased ripple in the uplink path, decreased UL gain, or no UL gain• Cat-5/6 cable between RAUn and Hub is longer than recommended Wire 7 or 8 cut • Downlink pilot failure Increased ripple in the downlink path, RAU off-line• Cat-5/6 cable between RAUn and Hub is longer than recommended Wire 1 to RJ-45 pin 3 or 6• No communication with RAUn RAU unable to communicate with Hub, RAU’s RS-485 port damaged, degraded performance or RAU off-lineWire 1 to RJ-45 pin 4, 5, 7 or 8•RAUn over current RAU will not power on.Wire 2 to RJ-45 pin 3 or 6• No communication with RAUnRAU unable to communicate with Hub, RAU’s RS-485 port damaged, degraded performance or RAU off-lineWire 2 to RJ-45 pin 4, 5, 7 or 8•RAUn over current RAU will not power onWire 3 to RJ-45 pin 4, 5, 7 or 8• No communication with RAUnRAU unable to communicate with Hub, degraded performance or RAU off-lineWire 6 to RJ-45 pin 4, 5, 7 or 8• No communication with RAUnRAU unable to communicate with Hub, degraded performance or RAU off-lineWire 4 to RJ-45 pin 7 or 8•RAUn uplink AGC failure Increased ripple in the downlink and uplink path, degraded performance or RAU off-line• Downlink pilot failure • Cat-5/6 cable between RAUn and Hub is longer than recommended
8-14 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10620021-0 Rev. AWire 5 to RJ-45 pin 7 or 8 •RAUn uplink AGC failure Increased ripple in the downlink and uplink path, degraded performance or RAU off-line• Cat-5/6 cable between RAUn and Hub is longer than recommended • Downlink pilot failure • Cat-5/6 cable between RAUn and Hub is longer than recommended Table 8-9 Summary of Cat-5/6 Cable Wiring Problems (continued)Type of problem Message Icon Impact
PN 9000-10 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 8-15620021-0 Rev. A8.5 Technical AssistanceCall our help hot line for technical assistance:1-800-530-9960 (U.S. only)+1-408-952-2400 (International)Leave your name and phone number and an LGC Wireless customer service repre-sentative will return your call within an hour. Be prepared to provide the following information when you receive the return call:• Company name• End user name• Type of system, model number, frequency• Approximate time in service (warranty), sales order number• Description of problem• LED status• AdminManager faults, warnings, and status messages
8-16 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10620021-0 Rev. A
PN 9000-10 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual A-1620021-0 Rev. AAPPENDIX A Cables and ConnectorsA.1 Cat-5/6 Cable (ScTP)• Connects the Accel Hub to the RAU(s)• Transmits (downlink) and receives (uplink) IF signals• Delivers DC electrical power to the RAUs. The Accel Hub’s DC voltage output is 36V DC nominal. A current limiting circuit is used to protect the Hub if it reaches its current limit• Carries configuration and status information• Use shielded RJ-45 connectors• Distances:• Minimum: 10 meters (33 ft)• Recommended Maximum: 100 meters (328 ft)• Absolute Maximum: 150 meters (492 ft)There are four separate twisted pairs in one Cat-5/6 screened twisted pair (ScTP) cable. The ScTP cable loss described in this document is for Cat-5 Mohawk/CDT 55986 or Belden 1624P DataTwist Five cable, or equivalent. The following table lists the functional assignment of the pairs:Table A-1 Cat-5/6 Twisted Pair AssignmentPair (wire number) Function1 & 2 Clock and Input Voltage3 & 6 RS-4854 & 5 Uplink IF, UL Pilot and Ground7 & 8 Downlink IF, DL Pilot and Ground
A-2 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10620021-0 Rev. AAll Cat-5/6 cable must be terminated according to the TIA/EIA 568-A standard. The following diagram shows the top view of the wiring map for the cable and how the four pairs should be terminated.Figure A-1 Wiring Map for Cat-5/6 CableThe nominal DC impedance of the Cat-5/6 cable is 0.08 ohm/meter and the nominal RF impedance is 100 ohm.NOTE: Be sure to test cable termination before installing the cable.NOTE: Mohawk/CDT 55986 or Belden 1624P DataTwist® Five ScTP cable, or equivalent is required. In order to meet FCC and CE Mark emissions requirements, the Cat-5/6 cable must be screened (ScTP) and it must be grounded to the units at both ends using shielded RJ-45 connectors.A.2 Coaxial Cable• Connects an Accel Hub to a repeater or base station (N-type connectors)• Connects an RAU to a passive antenna (SMA connectors)12 3 45 6 78BrownBrown/WhiteBlue Blue/WhiteGreen/WhiteGreen OrangeOrange/WhiteRJ-45 Port12345678W-GGW-OBLW-BLOW-BRBR
PN 9000-10 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 A-3620021-0 Rev. AA.3 Standard Modem Cable• Connects a modem to the Accel Hub’s front panel serial portFigure A-2 Standard Modem Cable PinoutDB-9 Connector PinDB-25 Connector Pin12345678983220764522
A-4 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10620021-0 Rev. AA.4 DB-9 to DB-9 Null Modem CableA DB-9 female to DB-9 female null modem cable is used to connect the AdminMan-ager PC to an Accel Hub. A cable is included with AdminManager. Table A-2 lists the cable pinout and Figure A-3 shows a diagram of its wiring.Figure A-3 DB-9 Female to DB-9 Female Null Modem Cable DiagramTable A-2 DB-9 Female to DB-9 Female Null Modem Cable PinoutFrom Signal To SignalP1-4 DTR P2-6, P2-1 DSR, DCD P1-6 DSR P1-1, P2-4 DCD, DTR P1-3 TXD P2-2 RXD P1-2 RXD P2-3 TXD P1-5 GND P2-5 GND P1-7 RTS P2-8 CTS P1-8 CTS P2-7 RTSP1-9 N/C N/C N/CNote that for each DB-9 connector, pins 1 and 6 are tied together and sent to pin 4 of the opposite connector; thus, providing the required handshake signals.DB-9 Connector PinDB-9 Connector Pin123456789123456789
PN 9000-10 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 A-5620021-0 Rev. AA.5 DB-25 to DB-9 Null Modem CableA DB-25 male to DB-9 female Null modem cable is used to connect a 232 Port Expander to an Accel Hub. Table A-3 lists the pinout of the cable and Figure A-4 shows a diagram of its wiring.Figure A-4 DB-25 Male to DB-9 Female Null Modem Modem Cable DiagramTable A-3 DB-25 Male to DB-9 Female Null Modem Cable Pinout25-Pin Signal 9-Pin Signal20236,8754DTRTXRXDSR, DCDGNDCTSRTS1, 6234578DSR, DCDRXTXDTRGNDRTSCTSDB-25 Male Connector PinDB-9 Female Connector Pin1234567820123456789
A-6 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10620021-0 Rev. A
PN 9000-10 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual B-1620021-0 Rev. AAPPENDIX B InterReach Unison Accel Property SheetUse the InterReach Unison Accel Property Sheet, which is provided on the following page, to document a system configuration. The completed form can be used for future reference when the system is being maintained or components are added or exchanged. An example of a completed form is shown below.InterReach Unison Accel Property SheetInstaller:J. Smith Date:10/10/02 Accel Hub Serial Number:L010BMH1System Label: System Gain: Alarm Sense: System Band:DCS 2AB UL: DL:  Yes No Normally-Closed  Normally-OpenUnitHUB - RAURAU Attenuation?Yes/NoRAUSerial No. RAU Installation LocationAB-1-n — L010BEH9 2nd floor Telecom closetAB-1 (RAU 1) no L010BRU1 Hallway, outside BoardroomAB-2 (RAU 2) no L120BRU1 Hallway, outside #230AB-3 (RAU 3) yes L007BRU1 Hallway, atrium north sideAB-4 (RAU 4) no L111BRU6 Hallway, outside #2071-5 (RAU 5)1-6 (RAU 6)1-7 (RAU 7)1-8 (RAU 8)2-n —2-1 (RAU 1)2-2 (RAU 2)2-3 (RAU 3)2-4 (RAU 4)2-5 (RAU 5)2-6 (RAU 6)1-2-7 (RAU 7)1-2-8 (RAU 8)1-3-n (EH 3) —1-3-1 (RAU 1)1-3-2 (RAU 2)1-3-3 (RAU 3)1-3-4 (RAU 4)1-3-5 (RAU 5)1-3-6 (RAU 6)1-3-7 (RAU 7)1-3-8 (RAU 8)1-4-n (EH 4) —1-4-1 (RAU 1)1-4-2 (RAU 2)1-4-3(RAU3)
B-2 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10620021-0 Rev. AInterReach Unison Accel Property SheetInstaller: Date: Accel Hub Serial Number:System Label: System Gain: Alarm Sense: System Band:UL: DL:  Yes No Normally-Closed  Normally-OpenUnitHUB - RAURAU Attenuation?Yes/NoRAUSerial No. RAU Installation Location1-n1-1 (RAU 1)1-2 (RAU 2)1-3 (RAU 3)1-4 (RAU 4)1-5 (RAU 5)1-6 (RAU 6)1-7 (RAU 7)1-8 (RAU 8)2-n 2-1 (RAU 1)2-2 (RAU 2)2-3 (RAU 3)2-4 (RAU 4)2-5 (RAU 5)2-6 (RAU 6)2-7 (RAU 7)2-8 (RAU 8)3-n3-1 (RAU 1)3-2 (RAU 2)3-3 (RAU 3)3-4 (RAU 4)3-5 (RAU 5)3-6 (RAU 6)3-7 (RAU 7)3-8 (RAU 8)4-n4-1 (RAU 1)4-2 (RAU 2)4-3 (RAU 3)4-4 (RAU 4)4-5 (RAU 5)4-6 (RAU 6)4-7 (RAU 7)4-8 (RAU 8)
PN 9000-10 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual C-1620021-0 Rev. AAPPENDIX C ComplianceC.1 Unison System Approval Status900 Paging/SMR• Safety: UL 60950 3rd Edition• EMC: FCC part 15 class A• Radio: FCC Part 90Cellular Products• Safety: UL 60950 3rd Edition• EMC: FCC part 15 class A• Radio: FCC Part 22DCS Products• Safety: CB scheme evaluation to IEC 950, 3rd Edition with all national deviations• EMC: EN 301 489-8 V.1.1.1 (2000-09), CISPR 24: 1998• Radio: ETS 300 609-4 V.8.0.2 (2000-10)GSM/EGSM Products• Safety: CB scheme evaluation to IEC 950, 3rd Edition with all national deviations• Radio: EN 301 502 V.7.0.1 (2000-08)• EMC: EN 301 489-8 V.1.1.1 (2000-09), CISPR 24: 1998
C-2 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10620021-0 Rev. AiDEN Products• Safety: UL 60950, 3rd Edition• EMC: FCC part 15 class A•Radio: FCC part 90PCS Products• Safety: UL 60950 3rd Edition• EMC: FCC part 15 class A•Radio: FCC part 24UMTS Products• Safety: CB scheme evaluation to IEC 950, 3rd Edition with all national deviations• EMC: ETSI TS 125 113 V.4.1.0 (2001-06)• Radio: ETSI TS 125 143 V.4.0.0 (2001-03)Note for Canadian customers: The Manufacturer’s rated output power1 of this equip-ment is for single carrier operation. For situations when multiple carrier signals are present, the rating would have to be reduced by 3.5 dB, especially where the output signal is re-radiated and can cause interference to adjacent band users. This power reduction is to be by means of input power or gain reduction and not by an attenuator at the output of the device.1. “Manufacturer’s rated output power” refers to Unison’s downlink P1dB. The power per carrier tables take into account this power reduction for multiple carriers.
PN 9000-10 Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 C-3620021-0 Rev. AC.2 Human Exposure to RFThe U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) has adopted limits of human exposure to radio frequency (RF) emissions from portable or fixed RF systems that are regulated by the FCC. The exposure limits on the incident electric and magnetic fields and power densities are based on ANSI/IEEE and NCRP RF Safety Guidelines. The limits are also prescribed in terms of the mass-normalized rates of internal energy absorption by tissues (specific absorption rates or SARs) which should not exceed 0.08 W/kg as averaged over the whole body and 1.6 W/kg for any 1-g of tissue.Similarly, the U.K. National Radiological Protection Board (NRPB) and the Interna-tional Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) have both estab-lished guidelines for maximum RF exposure levels that are likely to not pose health risks. For the general public, ICNIRP recommends maximum exposure levels of 2.0 W/kg for any 10-g of tissue. This recommendation is 5 times lower than that of NRPB.The specific absorption rate (SAR) was measured for a radiated power of 20 dBm (100 mW) which is the maximum radiated for both of the antennas. The highest SAR regions for each of the antennas for separation distances of 0, 1, 2, and 3 cm to the tis-sue-simulant model were determined in the first instance by using a coarser sampling with a step size of 8.0 mm over three overlapping scan areas for a total scan area of 8.0 × 9.6 cm. After identifying the regions of the highest SAR for each of the cases, the SAR distributions were measured with a resolution of 2 mm in order to obtain the peak 1 cm 3 or 1-g SAR.Antenna gain is restricted to 1.5 W ERP (2.49 W EIRP) in order to satisfy RF expo-sure compliance requirements. If higher than 1.5 W ERP, routine MPE evaulation is needed. The antennas should be installed to provide at least 20 cm from all persons to satisfy MPE requirements of FCC Part 2, 2.1091.
C-4 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10620021-0 Rev. A
PN 9000-10 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual D-1620021-0 Rev. AAPPENDIX D Release NotesD.1 Unison Accel Release 5This document is for the Unison Accel products listed in the following table.Table D-1 Unison Accel Release 5 Line-upUnison Accel Component PartNumber EPN* Hardware Revision**Firmware (FW) or Software (SW) Release*Accel Hub UNS-ACCEL-1 740510-2 C 010559 (FW)RAU:PCS UNS-PCS-2 740552-2 C 01053C (FW)DCS UNS-DCS-1 740553-1 D 01053C (FW)GSM UNS-GSM-1 740554-1 E 01052B (FW)Cellular UNS-CELL-1 740550-1 B 01052B (FW)iDEN UNS-IDEN-1 740551-0 A 01052B (FW)UMTS UNS-UMTS-1 740560-1 B 01052B (FW)AdminManager SW-ADM-V2 750001-0 N/A v2.0 (SW)* Use the Get Unit Info command in the AdminManager’s Configuration & Maintenance Panel to verify the EPN and Firmware/Software Version of the component** The hardware revision number is on a label on the back panel of the component
D-2 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10620021-0 Rev. A

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