ADTRAN TRC3202 Tracer 3202 5.8 GHz Mastmount RFC User Manual 61280012L1 1A

Adtran Tracer 3202 5.8 GHz Mastmount RFC 61280012L1 1A

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TRACER 2210/3202

System Manual

1280012L1 TRACER 2210/3202 System

61280012L1-1A

February 2002

Trademarks

Any brand names and product names included in this manual are trademarks, registered trademarks, or

trade names of their respective holders.

To the Holder of the Manual

The contents of this manual are current as of the date of publication. ADTRAN reserves the right to change

the contents without prior notice.

In no event will ADTRAN be liable for any special, incidental, or consequential damages or for

commercial losses even if ADTRAN has been advised thereof as a result of issue of this publication.

901 Explorer Boulevard

P.O. Box 140000

Huntsville, AL 35814-4000

Phone: (256) 963-8000

Printed in U.S.A.

About this Manual

This manual provides a complete description of the TRACER 2210/3202 system and system software.

The purpose of this manual is to provide the technician, system administrator, and manager with

general and specific information related to the planning, installation, operation, and maintenance of the

TRACER 2210/3202. This manual is arranged so that needed information can be quickly and easily found.

The following is an overview of the contents.

Section 1 System Description

Provides managers with an overview of the TRACER 2210/3202 system.

Section 2 Microwave Path Engineering Basics

Explains the basics of analyzing a wireless microwave link, or path. The significant

parameters are defined, and several recommendations are offered.

Section 3 Engineering Guidelines

Provides information to assist network designers with incorporating the

TRACER 2210/3202 system into their networks.

Section 4 Network Turnup Procedure

Provides step-by-step instructions on how to install the TRACER 2210/3202 unit,

determine the parameters for the system, install the network and option modules, and

power up the system.

Section 5 User Interface Guide

Explains the terminal interface and provides a description for each of the menus available

for the TRACER 2210/3202 system.

Section 6 Trouble Shooting Guide

Provides helpful information for troubleshooting common configuration problems for the

TRACER 2210/3202 system.

Section 7 Menu Trees

Provides a detailed listing of all available menus for the TRACER 2210/3202 system.

Revision History

This is the 1st issue of this manual.

Safety Instructions

When using your telephone equipment, please follow these basic safety precautions to reduce the risk of

fire, electrical shock, or personal injury:

1. Do not use this product near water, such as a bathtub, wash bowl, kitchen sink, laundry tub, in a

wet basement, or near a swimming pool.

2. Avoid using a telephone (other than a cordless-type) during an electrical storm. There is a remote

risk of shock from lightning.

3. Do not use the telephone to report a gas leak in the vicinity of the leak.

4. Use only the power cord, power supply, and/or batteries indicated in the manual. Do not dispose of

batteries in a fire. They may explode. Check with local codes for special disposal instructions.

Save These Important Safety Instructions

Notes provide additional useful information.

Cautions signify information that could prevent service interruption.

Warnings provide information that could prevent damage to the equipment or

endangerment to human life.

Federal Communications Commission Radio Frequency Interference Statement

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant

to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful

interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates,

uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the

instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio frequencies. Operation of this equipment in a

residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be required to correct the

interference at his own expense.

Shielded cables must be used with this unit to ensure compliance with Class A FCC limits.

Changes or modifications to this unit not expressly approved by the party

responsible for compliance could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment.

Warranty and Customer Service

ADTRAN will replace or repair this product within five years from the date of shipment if it does not meet

its published specifications or fails while in service. For detailed warranty, repair, and return information

refer to the ADTRAN Equipment Warranty and Repair and Return Policy Procedure.

Return Material Authorization (RMA) is required prior to returning equipment to ADTRAN.

For service, RMA requests, or further information, contact one of the numbers listed at the end of this

section.

LIMITED PRODUCT WARRANTY

ADTRAN warrants that for five (5) years from the date of shipment to Customer, all products

manufactured by ADTRAN will be free from defects in materials and workmanship. ADTRAN also

warrants that products will conform to the applicable specifications and drawings for such products, as

contained in the Product Manual or in ADTRAN's internal specifications and drawings for such products

(which may or may not be reflected in the Product Manual). This warranty only applies if Customer gives

ADTRAN written notice of defects during the warranty period. Upon such notice, ADTRAN will, at its

option, either repair or replace the defective item. If ADTRAN is unable, in a reasonable time, to repair or

replace any equipment to a condition as warranted, Customer is entitled to a full refund of the purchase

price upon return of the equipment to ADTRAN. This warranty applies only to the original purchaser and

is not transferable without ADTRAN's express written permission. This warranty becomes null and void if

Customer modifies or alters the equipment in any way, other than as specifically authorized by ADTRAN.

EXCEPT FOR THE LIMITED WARRANTY DESCRIBED ABOVE, THE FOREGOING

CONSTITUTES THE SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDY OF THE CUSTOMER AND THE

EXCLUSIVE LIABILITY OF ADTRAN AND IS IN LIEU OF ANY AND ALL OTHER WARRANTIES

(EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED). ADTRAN SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ALL OTHER WARRANTIES,

INCLUDING (WITHOUT LIMITATION), ALL WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND

FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. SOME STATES DO NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION

OF IMPLIED WARRANTIES, SO THIS EXCLUSION MAY NOT APPLY TO CUSTOMER.

In no event will ADTRAN or its suppliers be liable to Customer for any incidental, special, punitive,

exemplary or consequential damages experienced by either Customer or a third party (including, but not

limited to, loss of data or information, loss of profits, or loss of use). ADTRAN is not liable for damages

for any cause whatsoever (whether based in contract, tort, or otherwise) in excess of the amount paid for

the item. Some states do not allow the limitation or exclusion of liability for incidental or consequential

damages, so the above limitation or exclusion may not apply to Customer.

Customer Service, Product Support Information, and Training

ADTRAN will replace or repair this product within five years from the date of shipment if the product does

not meet its published specification, or if it fails while in service.

A return material authorization (RMA) is required prior to returning equipment to ADTRAN. For service,

RMA requests, training, or more information, see the toll-free contact numbers given below.

Presales Inquiries and Applications Support

Please contact your local distributor, ADTRAN Applications Engineering, or ADTRAN Sales:

Post-Sale Support

Please contact your local distributor first. If your local distributor cannot help, please contact ADTRAN

Technical Support and have the unit serial number available.

The Custom Extended Services (ACES) program offers multiple types and levels of service plans which

allow you to choose the kind of assistance you need. For questions, call the ACES Help Desk.

Repair and Return

If ADTRAN Technical Support determines that a repair is needed, Technical Support will coordinate with

the Custom and Product Service (CAPS) department to issue an RMA number. For information regarding

equipment currently in house or possible fees associated with repair, contact CAPS directly at the

following number:

Identify the RMA number clearly on the package (below address), and return to the following address:

ADTRAN Customer and Product Service

901 Explorer Blvd.

Huntsville, Alabama 35806

RMA # _____________

Applications Engineering (800) 615-1176

Sales (800) 827-0807

Technical Support (888) 4ADTRAN

ACES Help Desk (888) 874-2237

CAPS Department (256) 963-8722

Training

The Enterprise Network (EN) Technical Training offers training on our most popular products. These

courses include overviews on product features and functions while covering applications of ADTRAN's

product lines. ADTRAN provides a variety of training options, including customized training and courses

taught at our facilities or at your site. For more information about training, please contact your Territory

Manager or the Enterprise Training Coordinator.

Radio Frequency Interface Statement

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for an intentional radiator, pursuant to

Part 15, Subpart C of the FCC Rules. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency

energy. If not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, it may cause interference to radio

communications.

The limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against such interference in a residential situation.

However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment

does cause interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment

on and off, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following

measures:

• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna of the affected radio or television.

• Increase the separation between the equipment and the affected receiver.

• Connect the equipment and the affected receiver to power outlets on separate circuits.

• Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.

Training Phone (800) 615-1176, ext. 7500

Training Fax (256) 963-6700

Training Email training@adtran.com

Changes or modifications not expressly approved by ADTRAN could void the user’s

authority to operate the equipment.

FCC Output Power Restrictions

The FCC does not require licensing to implement this device. However, the FCC has established

restrictions regarding maximum output power and the adjustments required when employing directional

gain antennas. (Refer to “Setting the Transmitter Power” in Section 2 of this manual). These restrictions

are detailed in FCC Part 15.247 (b)(1), (b)(3)(i), and (3)(iii). It is the responsibility of the individuals

designing and implementing the radio system to assure compliance with these and any other pertinent FCC

Rules and Regulations. This device must be professionally installed.

Exposure to Radio Frequency Fields

The TRACER 2210/3202 is designed to operate at 5.8 GHz with 100 mW maximum transmit power.

This level of RF energy is below the Maximum Permissible Exposure (MPE) levels specified in FCC OET

65:97-01. The installation of high gain antenna equipment in the system configuration may create the

opportunity for exposure to levels higher than recommended for the general population at a distance less

than 15 feet (4.6 meter) from the center of the antenna. The following precautions must be taken during

installation of this equipment:

• The installed antenna must not be located in a manner that allows exposure of the general population to

the direct beam path of the antenna at a distance less than 15 feet (4.6 meters). Installation on towers,

masts, or rooftops not accessible to the general population is recommended; or

• Mount the antenna in a manner that prevents any personnel from entering the area within 15 feet (4.6

meter) from the front of the antenna.

• It is recommended that the installer place radio frequency hazard warnings signs on the barrier that

prevents access to the antenna.

• Prior to installing the antenna to the RIU output, make sure the power is adjusted to the settings specified

in section 2 of this manual.

• During antenna installation, be sure that power to the TRACER equipment is turned off in order to

prevent any energy presence on the coaxial connector.

• During installation and alignment of the antenna, do not stand in front of the antenna assembly.

• During installation and alignment of the antenna, do not handle or touch the front of the antenna.

These simple precautions must be taken to prevent general population and installation personnel from

exposure to RF energy in excess of specified MPE levels.

SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

This section of ADTRAN’s TRACER 2210/3202 System Manual is designed for use by network engi-

neers, planners, and designers for overview information about the TRACER 2210/3202.

It contains general information and describes physical and operational concepts, network relationships,

provisioning, testing, alarm status, and system monitoring. This section should be used in conjunction with

Section 2, Engineering Guidelines, of the system manual.

CONTENTS

System Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Features and Benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Configuration and Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Data Interface Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Radio Interface Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Section 1, System Description TRACER 2210/3202 System Manual

1. SYSTEM OVERVIEW

The ADTRAN TRACER® 2210/3202 wireless data system provides low-cost point-to-point connectivity

between the end user’s Data Terminal Equipment (DTE) for applications such as LAN to LAN bridging

and Videoconferencing. TRACER 2210/3202 is capable of achieving distances up to 30 miles. As autho-

rized under Part 15.247 of the FCC Rules, the TRACER 2210/3202 operates license-free in the 5.725 to

5.850 GHz industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) band.

The TRACER 2210/3202 system is composed of two primary hardware elements: The 2210 Data Interface

Unit (DIU) and The 3202 Radio Interface Unit (RIU). The 2210 DIU is contained in a compact plastic

housing and supports synchronous data rates from 56 kbps to 1.536 Mbps in 56 or 64 kbps increments. A

single V.35 physical interface provides a connection to the end user’s DTE equipment. The weatherproof

RIU may be mast mounted up to 700 ft. from the DIU using 24 AWG twisted pair wires. All signaling and

power functions between the DIU and RIU are provided over this simple four-wire connection. The

TRACER 2210/3202 design locates the radio at the antenna to maximize signal efficiency, while eliminat-

ing the requirement of expensive coax to link the DIU and RIU.

For configuration and testing, the TRACER 2210/3202 provides the capability to control the remote

TRACER 2210/3202 through a separate maintenance channel. The TRACER 2210/3202 has several

built-in test capabilities including remote loopback and 511 BERT test patterns. Complete configuration

and performance data is available from the front panel keypad and from the two-line by 16-character LCD

display on the 2210 data interface. For additional configuration and monitoring options, the TRACER

2210/3202 supports a VT-100 terminal configuration and control mode, which is available through the

control port.

2. FEATURES AND BENEFITS

The following is a brief list of TRACER 2210/3202 features and benefits:

Configuration and Management

• Easy to use front-panel keypad for configuration and monitoring

• Remote configuration

Data Interface Unit

• Tabletop or wall-mounted housing

• Single V.35 DTE interface

• Nx56 or Nx64 operation for data rates to 1.536 Mbps

• Local and remote loopback capability

Radio Interface Unit

• Digital microwave radio

• No license required per FCC Rules Part 15.247

• Direct-sequence spread spectrum

• Frequency: 5.725 to 5.850 GHz

TRACER 2210/3202 System Manual Section 1, System Description

• Point-to-point, up to 30 miles

• Mast mounted RIU for maximum signal efficiency

• 700 feet of 22AWG or 600 feet of 24 AWG wire between DIU and RIU

Section 1, System Description TRACER 2210/3202 System Manual

MICROWAVE PATH ENGINEERING BASICS

CONTENTS

Line-of-site . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Decibels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Receiver Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Path Loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Antenna Alignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Antenna Beam Patterns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Fresnel Zones, Earth Curvature, & Antenna Heights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Coaxial Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Receiver Sensitivity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Fade Margin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Path Availability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

ADTRAN Link Analyzer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

FIGURES

Figure 1. Example Microwave Path with Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Figure 2. Typical Antenna Beam Pattern . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Section 2, Microwave Path Engineering Basics TRACER 2210/3202 System Manual

1. LINE-OF-SITE

The TRACER 2210/3202 system is designed for operation in the 5725 MHz to 5850 MHz unlicensed

Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) frequency band, which is near the middle of what is traditionally

referred to as the C-band portion of X-band. Radio wave propagation in this band exhibits microwave

characteristics, which are ideally suited for point-to-point, line-of-sight communications. Line-of-sight

essentially requires that the transmitting antenna and receiving antenna are able to “see” each other, and

that the straight-line path between the two antennas is free of any obstructions, such as buildings, trees,

mountains, and, in longer paths, even the curvature of the earth.

2. DECIBELS

The received signal power equation is often expressed in a decibel (dB) format, which turns the power

multiplication and division operations into addition and subtraction operations. In general, any quantity

can be expressed in decibels. If the quantity (x) is a power level, the decibel equivalent is defined as

If the quantity x is referenced to a milliwatt (mW), then the decibel-milliwatt (dBm) is used instead of a

generic decibel.

Point-to-Point Wireless communication from a single site to another

individual site. Contrast with point-to-multipoint

Line-of-Sight An unobstructed, direct path exists between the

transmitting and the receiving antennas.

xdB 10 log10 x()⋅=(dB)

xdBm 10 log10

1mW

-------------





⋅=(dBm)

TRACER 2210/3202 System Manual Section 2, Microwave Path Engineering Basics

3. RECEIVER POWER

The radio frequency (RF) signal power that is available at the input to the receiving TRACER 2210/3202

system is the next parameter of interest in analyzing a wireless path. Per FCC 15.247 rules, the TRACER

3202 RIU is allowed to output a maximum power level of 100 mW, which is equivalent to 20 dBm. This

output signal will be attenuated and distorted by various factors, all of which will degrade the original

signal and affect the signal strength and quality as sensed by the receiving unit. A simplified power budget

analysis is beneficial to perform after verifying a suitable line-of-sight path to determine if the microwave

path is suitable, even for ideal, non-distorted signals.

The equation relating received signal power to the other microwave parameters is

where the variables in the equation are defined as

PRreceived power (Watts)

PTtransmitted power (100 mW for TRACER 2210/3202)

GTtransmit antenna gain

GRreceive antenna gain

λcarrier wavelength ( c / ƒ ) (meters)

dpath distance (meters)

Lother losses (RF coaxial cable, etc.)

As previously mentioned, the transmitted power is limited for the 5.8 GHz ISM band to a maximum of

20 dBm. The actual transmit and receive antenna gain values are strictly dependent upon the physical

characteristics of the antennas installed for each link. Typical gains are between 20 and 30 dB. For

example, a 4 foot diameter, flat panel C-band antenna from a popular antenna manufacturer advertises a

gain of 23.5 dB. The carrier wavelength is the physical wavelength of the main RF carrier being used for

communication, and is usually approximated at the center frequency of the band, which is 5787.5 MHz.

This gives a wavelength of 5.18 cm.

The path distance is simply the physical distance between the transmit and receive antennas. For the

TRACER 2210/3202 these distances can range up to 30 miles. The final parameter L incorporates all other

signal power losses in the microwave link, most of which are caused by antenna feed, or coaxial cables

used to connect the TRACER 3202 N-type connector to the antenna connector. Since the TRACER 3202

is a mast-mounted device, the antenna feed losses are minimized by requiring only short runs of coaxial

cable.

PTGTGRλ2

4π()

2d2L

---------------------------=(watts, W)

Section 2, Microwave Path Engineering Basics TRACER 2210/3202 System Manual

4. PATH LOSS

The expression

where

fcarrier frequency (Hz)

λcarrier wavelength ( c / f ) (meters)

dpath distance (meters)

cspeed of light, free-space (meters)

is called the path loss, and increases rapidly as either path length increases or carrier wavelength decreases

(which happens as the carrier frequency increases). So, longer microwave paths will naturally experience

more path loss than shorter paths. Likewise, higher frequency microwave communication will experience

more path loss than lower frequency microwave communication.

Table 1 tabulates path loss values for various path lengths for the TRACER 2210/3202 system. Values not

listed in the table can be interpolated from those listed.

Table 1. Path Loss for Given Path Lengths

Path Length

(miles)

Path Loss

(dB)

1112

2118

3121

4124

5126

10 132

15 135

20 138

25 140

30 141

35 143

4πd

----------





24πdf

------------





== (watts, W)

TRACER 2210/3202 System Manual Section 2, Microwave Path Engineering Basics

When using decibel notation, the received power equation becomes

Where, in the second equation the path loss has been lumped into a single quantity, LP

, as discussed

previously. When using decibel notation, it is necessary that all quantities are individually converted to

decibels prior to performing addition and subtraction.

When d is expressed in miles and f in GHz, the path loss expression in decibels becomes

Figure 1 illustrates a wireless link containing all of the parameters previously discussed.

Figure 1. Example Microwave Path with Parameters

5. ANTENNA ALIGNMENT

With line-of-sight microwave communications, optimum system performance requires that the

transmitting and receiving antennas are properly aligned. This will ensure maximum received signal

power at each receiver. Antenna alignment must be achieved in both azimuth (along a horizontal plane)

and elevation (along a vertical plane). A received signal strength indicator (RSSI) is used to aid the

equipment installer in determining when alignment is maximized, by simply ensuring maximum RSSI.

The RSSI indicator for the TRACER 2210/3202 system is provided on the LCD display of the 2210 unit,

and is presented as a series of asterisks. More asterisks means more RSSI, which ensures more received

signal strength and better link performance.

PRPTGTGRL–20 · log10

–++ 4πdf

------------





(dB)

LPPTGTGRL–LP

–++=(dB)

LP96.6 20 log10 d() 20·log+10 f()⋅+= (dB)

GTGR

d, LP

TPR

Section 2, Microwave Path Engineering Basics TRACER 2210/3202 System Manual

Using the 2210 keypad, look at the menu option

STATUS ⇒ RADIO STATUS ⇒ RSSI

to examine the RSSI value of the local TRACER 2210/3202 system.

If the remote system has acquired a useful signal from the remote system, then the remote TRACER

2210/3202 RSSI can also be viewed from the local 2210 unit menu, via the keypad menu sequence:

STATUS ⇒ FAR RADIO STATUS ⇒ RSSI

Antenna Beam Patterns

Directly related to the subject of antenna alignment is the topic of antenna beam patterns. Antennas being

used with the TRACER 2210/3202 system will have a particular beam shape determined in part by the

physical construction and geometry of the antenna. The antenna beam patterns are characterized by a

dominant main lobe, which is the preferred lobe to use for point-to-point communications, and several side

lobes, as shown in Figure 2. The antenna alignment step to setting up a microwave link is in fact steering

the main lobes of both antennas until the main lobe of one transmitter is centered on the receiving element

of the receiving antenna.

Figure 2. Typical Antenna Beam Pattern

Antennas are also designed to radiate RF energy efficiently for a specific range of frequencies. Please

consult the data sheet for your particular antenna make and model to ensure that it is specified to operate in

the 5725 MHz to 5850 MHz frequency band.

RSSI

[********* ____]

FAR RSSI

[********* ____]

main lobe

side lobes

TRACER 2210/3202 System Manual Section 2, Microwave Path Engineering Basics

Fresnel Zones, Earth Curvature, & Antenna Heights

The Fresnel zones correspond to regions in the microwave path where reflections of the intended signal

occur and combine in both constructive and destructive manners with the main signal, thereby either

enhancing or reducing the net power at the receiver.

In general, the odd numbered Fresnel zones (1, 3, 5, ...) add constructively at the receiver, while the even

numbered Fresnel zones (2, 4, 6, ...) add destructively at the receiver.

The first Fresnel zone corresponds to the main lobe, and must be at least 60% free of physical obstructions for

the path calculations to be valid. Since the main lobe contains the vast majority of the microwave energy, this

zone is typically used to determine proper antenna heights when placing antennas on towers or buildings.

The curvature of the Earth becomes a legitimate obstruction for path lengths of 7 miles or greater, and must

also be accounted for when determining minimum antenna heights.

The aggregate expression for minimum antenna height that incorporates both the 60% first Fresnel zone

and the Earth curvature is given by

where f is in GHz and d is in miles.

Table 2 tabulates minimum antenna heights for given path lengths.

Table 2. Minimum Antenna Height for Given Path Lengths

Path Length

(miles)

Min. Antenna Height

(ft)

222

432

641

850

10 60

12 70

14 81

16 92

18 104

20 117

22 131

24 145

26 161

28 177

30 194

32 213

34 232

36 252

h72.1 d

----- 0.125d2

+= (feet)

Section 2, Microwave Path Engineering Basics TRACER 2210/3202 System Manual

6. COAXIAL CABLE

Coaxial cable will be required to attach the TRACER 3202 mast unit to the antenna. The length of the

cable will vary from a few feet to several feet, depending upon your application and the proximity of the

TRACER 3202 to the antenna. Since the data/power cable attaching the TRACER 2210 indoor unit to the

TRACER 3202 mast unit can operate at lengths of up to 700 feet, it is recommended that this cable absorb

as much of the length between the 2210 unit and the antenna as possible. This will also decrease coaxial

cable losses in the overall power budget for the link, which was described previously.

Various grades of coaxial cable will work sufficiently well for connecting the TRACER 3202 unit to the

antenna. A low-loss coaxial cable is suggested to minimize cable losses. One end of the cable will require

an N-type male connector (plug) to mate with the TRACER 3202 unit. The other end of the coax will

require a connector compatible with the antenna chosen for the installation, which is usually also an N-type

male connector (plug). Additionally, it is recommended that both connectors on the coaxial cable be

weatherproofed from the elements to prevent corrosion and electrical shorting.

Table 3 gives typical loss figures for some of the more common coaxial cable types, per foot

In certain areas where lightning strikes are frequent, a lightning arrestor can be installed directly on the

antenna. This will help protect the RF electronics in the downstream path from damaging voltages and

currents, including the TRACER 3202 unit.

7. RECEIVER SENSITIVITY

Receiver sensitivity is a value expressed in decibels referenced to one milliwatt (dBm) that corresponds to

the minimum amount of signal power needed at the receiver to achieve a given bit error rate (BER).

Receiver sensitivity is usually a negative number of decibels, and as such smaller receiver sensitivity is

better for a given BER. Several factors affect receiver sensitivity, including the data bandwidth of the

wireless link, and the amount of additional signal degradation introduced in the receiver electronics. The

receiver sensitivity of the TRACER 3202 is -86 dBm at 10-6 BER.

8. FADE MARGIN

Fade margin is a value indicating the amount of extra signal power available to the receiver to operate at a

maximum bit error rate (BER). Higher levels of fade margin are better, and will protect the viability of the

microwave link against signal fading. Fade margin is simply the difference between the available signal

power at the receiver and the receiver sensitivity, discussed previously:

Table 3. Typical Coaxial Loss for Common Cable Types, per Foot

Cable Type Cable Loss (dB/ft)

RG-213, RG-214, RG-393 0.2

RG-142 0.3

RG-58, RG-223 0.4

RG-174, RG-316 0.7

RPsens

–PRGTGRL–LP

–Psens

–++== (dB)

TRACER 2210/3202 System Manual Section 2, Microwave Path Engineering Basics

9. PATH AVAILABILITY

The path availability of a wireless link is a metric that expresses the fractional amount of time a link is

available over some fixed amount of time, and depends on several factors. Path availability is expressed as

where the parameters are

aterrain factor

bclimate factor

fcarrier frequency (GHz)

dpath length (miles)

Ffade margin (dB)

The terrain factor is a quantity that compensates the link availability for different types of terrain.

Generally speaking, the more smooth an area's terrain is, the less availability a wireless link running over

that terrain will have, primarily due to multipath reflections. In contrast, secondary microwave signals will

be randomly dispersed over rough terrain, and will not interfere with the main signal lobe as badly as in the

smooth terrain case. The terrain factor values normally used are listed below:

The climate factor is a quantity that compensates the link availability for different types of climates

(weather). In general, microwave links operating in areas with high humidity will have less availability

than those in arid areas, primarily because water is a dispersive mechanism to microwave energy, and

causes the main signal lobe to refract and disperse away from the receiver location. The climate factor

values normally used are listed below.

Terrain Terrain Factor Description

Smooth 4 water, flat desert

Average 1 moderate roughness

Mountainous 1/4 very rough, mountainous

Climate Climate Factor Description

Very Dry 1/8 desert regions

Temperate 1/4 mainland, interior region

Humid 1/2 humid and coastal regions

A1 2.5 10 6–

×()abfd310 F10⁄–

()–[]100%×=(dB)

Section 2, Microwave Path Engineering Basics TRACER 2210/3202 System Manual

10. ADTRAN LINK ANALYZER

A very useful program is available on the Internet that can be used as a simple power budget calculator to

determine if a link is suitable for use with the TRACER 2210/3202 system. The program is a JAVA applet

that runs in an Internet browser window, and can be accessed at http://www.adtranwireless.com by

clicking on the Link Analyzer icon.

To accurately model system parameters with regard to the TRACER 2210/3202 system, the following Link

Analyzer options should be set as follows:

5.8 GHz Band (select this button)

RF Mounting Options Rack Mounted (both ends)

RF to Antenna Cable Type ¼ in (15.5 dB/100 ft)

RF to Antenna Cable Length (change to actual length, e.g. 10 ft)

Refer to the Link Analyzer help file for more information on how to use the program.

More comprehensive microwave path analysis software packages exist, and can be used to gain a very

detailed feasibility study for physical locations.

ENGINEERING GUIDELINES

CONTENTS

Equipment Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

TRACER 2210 DIU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

TRACER 3202 RFU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Power Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Cable Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Reviewing the Front Panel Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Front Panel LEDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Reviewing the TRACER 2210 Rear Panel Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

RADIO Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

RS-232 Connection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

V.35 Nx56/64 Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Reviewing the TRACER 3202 Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

FIGURES

Figure 1. TRACER 2210/3202 Front Panel Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Figure 2. TRACER 2210/3202 Rear Panel Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Figure 3. Tracer 3202 Base. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

TABLES

Table 1. TRACER 2210/3202 Front Panel Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Table 2. TRACER 2210/3202 LEDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Table 3. RADIO Connector Pinout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Table 4. RS-232 Connection Pinout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Table 5. V.35 Connector Pinout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Section 3, Engineering Guidelines TRACER 2210/3202 System Manual

1. EQUIPMENT DIMENSIONS

TRACER 2210 DIU

The TRACER 2210 unit is 9.0” W, 6.25” D, and 1.5” H, weighs 2 pounds, and can be used in tabletop or

wall-mount configurations.

TRACER 3202 RIU

The TRACER 3202 RIU is a cylinder 6.0”D and 12.0”H, weighs 10 pounds, and is intended for mast

mount configuration only.

2. POWER REQUIREMENTS

The TRACER 2210/3202 system has a maximum power consumption of 14W and a maximum current

draw of 0.5A.

3. CABLE REQUIREMENTS

The cable used to connect the TRACER 2210 to the TRACER 3202 unit should be a 4 conductor, 22 or 24

AWG, UV-resistant cable, maximum length 700 ft or 600 ft, respectively.

4. REVIEWING THE FRONT PANEL DESIGN

The front panel contains the display LCD, the scroll selection buttons, the enter and cancel buttons and sta-

tus LEDs. The LEDs provide visual information about the TRACER 2210/3202 system. Figure 1 identifies

the LCD, the various buttons, and the LEDs.

Figure 1. TRACER 2210/3202 Front Panel Layout

Front Panel LEDs

With the TRACER 2210/3202 powered-on, the front panel LEDs provide visual information about the

status of the TRACER 2210/3202 system. Table 1 provides a brief description of the front panel features,

TRACER 2210

PLAN B

PLAN A CHAN RF DWN TEST

V.35 RF LOW CABLE

Display LCD Scroll Buttons Status LEDs

Enter Button

Cancel Button

TRACER 2210/3202 System Manual Section 3, Engineering Guidelines

and Table 2 on page 27 provides detailed information about the LEDs.

Table 1. TRACER 2210/3202 Front Panel Description

Feature Description

Display LCD Displays all menu operations and data

Scroll Buttons Use the Up and Down arrows to traverse through menu items

Enter Button Use the Enter button to select the highlighted menu

Cancel Button Use the Cancel button to escape to the previous menu

Status LEDs Provides status information about the system

Table 2. TRACER 2210/3202 LEDs

For these LEDs... This color light... Indicates that...

PLAN A Green (solid) the TRACER 3202 RIU is transmitting on Frequency Plan A.

Off the TRACER 3202 RIU is not transmitting on Frequency

Plan A.

PLAN B Green (solid) the TRACER 3202 RIU is transmitting on Frequency Plan B.

Off the TRACER 3202 RIU is not transmitting on Frequency

Plan B.

CHAN Green (solid) the TRACER 3202 RIU is transmitting on Frequency

Channel 1.

Amber (solid) the TRACER 3202 RIU is transmitting on Frequency

Channel 2.

V.35 Green (blinking) there is activity on the V.35 data port.

RF DWN Red (solid) there is a communication problem between the local and

remote 2210 and 3202 systems.

RF LOW Red (solid) the RSSI level is below suggested minimum threshold.

TEST Amber (solid) there is an active test being performed by the system or there

is an active loopback.

CABLE Green (solid) the cable between the TRACER 2210 and 3202 units is good.

Off there is a problem with the cable connecting the TRACER

2210 and 3202 units.

Section 3, Engineering Guidelines TRACER 2210/3202 System Manual

5. REVIEWING THE TRACER 2210 REAR PANEL DESIGN

The TRACER 2210 rear panel contains a terminal block labeled, RADIO, for connecting to the TRACER

3202 unit, an RS-232 port for accessing the unit via a terminal menu, a V.35 interface for connecting DTE

equipment, and a four pin power connector.

Figure 2. TRACER 2210/3202 Rear Panel Layout

RADIO Connector

The RADIO connector (terminal block) connects to the TRACER 3202 RIU using the custom cable

assembly (see Figure 1 on page 33). The RADIO connection follows, and Table 3 shows the pinout.

Connector type Terminal Block

Table 3. RADIO Connector Pinout

PIN NAME DESCRIPTION

1 RX + RECEIVE DATA - POSITIVE POLARITY

2 RX – RECEIVE DATA - NEGATIVE POLARITY

3 TX + TRANSMIT DATA - POSITIVE POLARITY

4 TX – TRANSMIT DATA - NEGATIVE POLARITY

1 2 3 4

DIO

232

V.35 N

56/6 4

26V

60HZ, 5

TRACER 2210/3202 System Manual Section 3, Engineering Guidelines

RS-232 Connection

The RS-232 connector provides a female DB-25 terminal connection, which is used for terminal access to

the TRACER 2210/3202 system. The RS-232 port provides the following functions:

• Accepts EIA-232 input from a PC or terminal for controlling the TRACER 2210/3202 system.

• Operates at 9600 bps

Table 4 on page 29 shows the pinout.

V.35 Nx56/64 Connection

The V.35 Nx56/64 connector provides a female V.35 connection, which is used when connecting DTE

equipment to the TRACER 2210/3202 system. The V.35 port provides the following functions:

• Operates at data rates from 56 kbps (1, 56k DS0) to 1.536 Mbps (24, 64k DS0s).

Table 5 on page 29 shows the pinout.

Connector type (USOC) DB-25

Table 4. RS-232 Connection Pinout

PIN NAME DESCRIPTION

1, 7 GND GROUND

2 TX TRANSMIT

3 RX RECEIVE

4 RTS REQUEST TO SEND

5 CTS CLEAR TO SEND

6 — UNUSED

8 CD CARRIER DETECT

9-19 — UNUSED

20 DTR DATA TERMINAL READY

21 — UNUSED

22 RI RING INDICATOR

23-25 — UNUSED

Connector type V.35 Winchester

Table 5. V.35 Connector Pinout

Pin CCITT Signal Description Pin CCITT Signal Description

A 101 Shield (Ground) T 104 Transmit Clock (B)

B 102 Transmit Data (A) V 115 Clear to Send (B)

C 105 Received Data (A) X 115 Transmit Data (B)

Section 3, Engineering Guidelines TRACER 2210/3202 System Manual

6. REVIEWING THE TRACER 3202 DESIGN

The TRACER 3202 RIU is a mast mount, cylindrical unit which serves as an environmentally controlled

housing for the RF receiver and RF transmitter. Figure 3 shows the TRACER 3202 base.

Figure 3. TRACER 3202 Base

D 106 Request to Send (A) P 103 Transmit Clock (A)

E 107 Clear to Send (A) S 103 Received Data (B)

F 109 DCE Ready (A) Y 114 Receive Clock (A)

H — Signal Ground AA 114 Local Loopback

J — Carrier Detect (A) U 113 Request to Send (B)

L — Received Clock (B) W 113 DTE Ready (A)

N — Carrier Detect (B) NN & K — Remote Loopback

R 104 Ext. Transmit Clock (B)

Table 5. V.35 Connector Pinout (Continued)

Pin CCITT Signal Description Pin CCITT Signal Description

PLAN B

Power/Data

Connector

Ground

Terminals

N - Type

RF Connector

NETWORK TURNUP PROCEDURE

CONTENTS

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Tools Required . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Unpack and Inspect the System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Contents of ADTRAN Shipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Customer Provides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

Cable Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

Channel Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Grounding Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Supplying Power to the Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

TRACER 2210 DIU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

TRACER 3202 RFU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

Mounting Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

TRACER 2210 DIU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

TRACER 3202 RFU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

FIGURES

Figure 1. Cable Assembly Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

Figure 2. Bandwidth Division. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Figure 3. Connecting the TRACER 3202 Rope Tethers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

Section 4, Network Turnup Procedure TRACER 2210/3202 System Manual

1. INTRODUCTION

This section discusses the installation process of the TRACER 2210/3202 system.

2. TOOLS REQUIRED

The tools required for the installation of the TRACER 2210/3202 are:

• Wire stripper (for cable assembly)

• Wire cutter (for cable assembly)

• Crimping tool (for cable assembly)

• #2 Phillips screwdriver (for cable assembly)

3. UNPACK AND INSPECT THE SYSTEM

Each TRACER 2210/3202 is shipped in its own cardboard shipping carton. Open each carton carefully and

avoid deep penetration into the carton with sharp objects.

After unpacking the unit, inspect it for possible shipping damage. If the equipment has been damaged in

transit, immediately file a claim with the carrier, then contact ADTRAN Customer Service (see Warranty

and Customer Service information in the front of this manual).

Contents of ADTRAN Shipment

Your ADTRAN shipment includes the following items:

• (1) TRACER 2210 Data Interface Unit (DIU)

• (1) 6’ Wallmount power supply (for DIU)

• (1) TRACER 3202 RF Mast Unit (RIU)

• (1) Pre-threaded mast unit bracket

• (2) Bracket clamps

• (4) CPC crimping pins

• (1) Terminal block for custom cable assembly - inside TRACER 2210 box

• (1) The TRACER 2210/3202 System CD including the User Manual and Quick Start Guide - inside

TRACER 2210 box

Changes or modifications not expressly approved by ADTRAN could void the user’s

authority to operate the equipment.

To prevent electrical shock, do not install equipment in a wet location or during a

lightning storm.

TRACER 2210/3202 System Manual Section 4, Network Turnup Procedure

Customer Provides

The following items are necessary for the installation of the TRACER 2210/3202 system and are not

provided by ADTRAN:

• 4 Conductor, 22 or 24 AWG, UV-resistant cable (maximum length 700 ft or 600 ft, respectively)

4. CABLE ASSEMBLY

The following provides pictorial instructions for assembling the cable between the TRACER 2210 and

3202 units. The cable length and material should be customized to suit the needs of the application. All of

the necessary connector pieces are supplied by ADTRAN in your TRACER 2210/3202 shipment.

Figure 1. Cable Assembly Instructions

P1 P2

Schematic

1234

1 & 2

3 & 4

1 & 2

3 & 4

1 & 2

3 & 4

Tracer 3202 base (Version 1) Tracer 3202 base (Version 2)

1. Crimp each crimp tube and wrap

individually with electrical tape to

prevent shorting

2. Wrap the complete bundle with

electrical tape to protect from

outside elementsmosture.

Warning: When connecting the

supplied cable to your in house

wiring, do not attach the block

assembly to the TRACER 2210

base unit until cable assembly is

complete.

Section 4, Network Turnup Procedure TRACER 2210/3202 System Manual

5. CHANNEL SELECTION

The FCC has allocated 125 MHz of spectrum in the band in which the TRACER 2210/3202 operates.

Figure 2 illustrates the bandwidth division.

Figure 2. Bandwidth Division

To designate the utilization of the ISM bandwidth, there are four different channel plans, labeled A1, B1,

A2 and B2. The letter of each channel plan setting is preset by the factory and refers to the physical

configuration of the diplexer filter inside the environmental housing. The second portion or letter of the

channel plan refers to the receive and transmit oscillator frequencies in the radio. Numbering the lobes in

Figure 2 from left to right, a channel plan of A1 or B1 refers to transmitting and receiving on the first and

third lobes. Likewise a channel plan of A2 or B2 refers to the transmitting and receiving of the second and

fourth lobes of Figure 2. There are two rules for successful 3202 configuration.

1. The letter of the channel plan must be different on both ends.

2. The frequency number must match.

An A1 Radio must have a B1 Radio on the other end and a B2 Radio must have an A2 Radio on the other

end.

6. GROUNDING INSTRUCTIONS

The following provides grounding instruction information from the Underwriters’ Laboratory UL 1950

Standard for Safety of Information Technology Equipment Including Electrical Business Equipment, of

July 28, 1995.

An equipment grounding conductor that is not smaller in size than the ungrounded branch-circuit supply

conductors is to be installed as part of the circuit that supplies the product or system. Bare, covered, or

insulated grounding conductors are acceptable. Individually covered or insulated equipment grounding

conductors shall have a continuous outer finish that is either green, or green with one or more yellow

stripes. The equipment grounding conductor is to be connected to ground at the service equipment.

The attachment-plug receptacles in the vicinity of the product or system are all to be of a grounding type,

5736 MHz

5748 MHz

5824 MHz

5836 MHz

Channel Plan describes which lobe is transmitted upon.

Example: A1 will transmit at A1 lobe and receive at B1.

TRACER 2210/3202 System Manual Section 4, Network Turnup Procedure

and the equipment grounding conductors serving these receptacles are to be connected to earth ground at

the service equipment.

A supplementary equipment grounding conductor shall be installed between the product or system and

ground that is in addition to the equipment grounding conductor in the power supply cord.

The supplementary equipment grounding conductor shall not be smaller in size than the ungrounded

branch-circuit supply conductors. The supplementary equipment grounding conductor shall be connected

to the product at the terminal provided, and shall be connected to ground in a manner that will retain the

ground connection when the product is unplugged from the receptacle. The connection to ground of the

supplementary equipment grounding conductor shall be in compliance with the rules for terminating

bonding jumpers at Part K or Article 250 of the National Electrical Code, ANSI/NFPA 70. Termination of

the supplementary equipment grounding conductor is permitted to be made to building steel, to a metal

electrical raceway system, or to any grounded item that is permanently and reliably connected to the

electrical service equipment ground.

The supplemental grounding conductor shall be connected to the equipment using a number 8 ring terminal

and should be fastened to the grounding lug provided on the rear panel of the equipment. The ring terminal

should be installed using the appropriate crimping tool (AMP P/N 59250 T-EAD Crimping Tool or

equivalent.)

7. SUPPLYING POWER TO THE UNIT

TRACER 2210 DIU

The TRACER 2210 comes equipped with an AC/AC adapter with a 2 prong plug for connecting to a

properly grounded power receptacle. As shipped, the TRACER 2210 is set to factory default settings. To

power-up the unit, ensure that the TRACER 2210 is connected to an appropriate power source. There is no

On/Off switch on the TRACER 2210 unit.

Grounding terminals for the TRACER 2210/3202 are located on the bottom of the

TRACER 3202 mast unit.

• This unit shall be installed in accordance with Article 400 and 364.8 of the NEC NFPA

70 when installed outside of a Restricted Access Location (i.e., central office, behind a

locked door, service personnel only area).

• Power to the TRACER 2210 AC system must be from a grounded 90-130 VAC, 50/60

Hz source.

• The power receptacle uses double-pole, neutral fusing.

• Maximum recommended ambient operating temperature is 50 ºC.

Section 4, Network Turnup Procedure TRACER 2210/3202 System Manual

TRACER 3202 RIU

Power for the TRACER 3202 RIU is provided by the TRACER 2210 DIU over a twisted pair. To power-up

the TRACER 3202, properly connect the RIU to the DIU using the custom cable assembly (see Cable

Assembly on page 33).

8. MOUNTING OPTIONS

TRACER 2210 DIU

The TRACER 2210 DIU may be installed for tabletop or wall-mount configuration. Use the 4 mounting

slots on the base of the TRACER 2210 housing for wall-mount configurations.

TRACER 3202 RIU

The TRACER 3202 RIU is provided for mast mount installation. Use the provided mounting bracket when

installing the unit on the external pole or tower.

Figure 3. Connecting the TRACER 3202 Rope Tethers

Disconnect power from the TRACER 2210 before connecting to the TRACER 3202

RIU. Power-up the TRACER 2210 after the cable assembly has been properly

created and connected to both units.

Connect the provided wire rope tethers around the L-shaped cutout on the mounting

bracket to protect the housing clamp and housing cover from falling during installation

and maintenance (see Figure 3).

Housing Clamp Tether

Housing Cover Tether

Mounting Bracket

USER INTERFACE GUIDE

CONTENTS

Navigating the Terminal Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

Terminal Menu Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

Navigating using the Keyboard Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

Terminal Menu and System Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39

Selecting the Appropriate Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Menu Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

>Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

>Config . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

>Util. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

>Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

FIGURES

Figure 1. Top-Level Terminal Menu Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

Section 5, User Interface Guide TRACER 2210/3202 System Manual

1. NAVIGATING THE TERMINAL MENU

The TRACER 2210/3202 menu system can be accessed via the front panel or through terminal menus

when connected to the DB-25 terminal interface located on the rear panel of the TRACER 2210 unit. The

menu listings and descriptions found in this section refer to the menus as listed when connected through

the terminal interface.

Terminal Menu Window

The TRACER 2210/3202 uses hierarchical menus to access its many features. The main menu level (see

Figure 1) leads to submenus. All menu operations can be displayed in either a terminal window or in the

LCD window on the front panel of the TRACER 2210 unit.

Figure 1. Top-Level Terminal Menu Window

Navigating using the Keyboard Keys

You can use various keystrokes to move through the terminal menu, to manage a terminal menu session,

and to configure the system.

Minor differences in the menu listings will occur when viewing the menus through the

front panel.

After connecting a VT100 terminal to the 2210, press the spacebar to redraw the current

screen. VT 100 access will not be possible until this step is performed.

TRACER 2210/3202 System Manual Section 5, User Interface Guide

Moving through the Menus

Session Management Keystrokes

2. TERMINAL MENU AND SYSTEM CONTROL

Selecting the Appropriate Menu

The terminal menu is the access point to all other operations. Each terminal menu item has several

functions and submenus that identify and provide access to specific operations and parameters. Use the

chart below to help select the appropriate terminal menu.

3. MENU DESCRIPTIONS

The remainder of this section describes the TRACER 2210/3202 menus and submenus. Menu trees for the

TRACER 2210/3202 can be found on the documentation CD.

To do this.. Press this key...

Move up to select items U

Move down to select items D

Edit a selected menu item Enter

Cancel an edit Escape

Ascend one menu level Escape

To do this.. Press this key...

Log into a session Spacebar

Refresh the screen

To save time, only the portion of the screen that has changed is refreshed. This

option should only be necessary if the display picks up incorrect characters

Spacebar

To do this.. Go to this menu...

View the current status of the V.35, radio, or alarms STATUS

Configure the network parameters including clocking and V.35 data rate CONFIG

View the current software revision of the unit and set the passcode for front panel

access

UTIL

Initiate a V.35 test and review the current status TEST

The hierarchical menu structure of the TRACER 2210/3202 system is depicted below as

follows:

> MAIN MENU

> MAIN MENU > SUBMENU

> MAIN MENU > SUBMENU > SUB-SUBMENU

Section 5, User Interface Guide TRACER 2210/3202 System Manual

>STATUS

Provides status information for the TRACER 3202 RIU as well as performance statistics for the V.35.

STATUS > RSSI

RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator) is an acronym referring to the relative strength of the signal

currently received at the antenna. A high RSSI is desirable for good system performance. RSSI is

displayed on the front panel LCD and the terminal menus as a solid bar extending between two brackets.

When the bar fully covers the space between the brackets, a maximum RSSI level is conveyed. When the

space between the brackets is empty, a minimum RSSI is conveyed. This menu item refers to the near

TRACER 3202.

STATUS > FAR RSSI

RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator) is an acronym referring to the relative strength of the signal

currently received at the antenna. A high RSSI is desirable for good system performance. RSSI is

displayed on the front panel LCD and the terminal menus as a solid bar extending between two brackets.

When the bar fully covers the space between the brackets, a maximum RSSI level is conveyed. When the

space between the brackets is empty, a minimum RSSI is conveyed. This menu refers to the TRACER

3202 on far-end of the system.

STATUS > PERFRM REPORTS

Provides performance data for the 2210 to 3202 connection. The data displayed is data accumulated over

the last 15 minutes and over the last 24 hours of operation.

STATUS > PERFRM REPORTS > SES

Displays the number of severely errored seconds occurring in the last 15 minutes and 24 hours. A severely

errored second is defined as any second that contains more than 2.5 code violations.

STATUS > PERFRM REPORTS > ES

Displays the number of errored seconds occurring in the last 15 minutes and 24 hours. An errored second is

defined as any second that contains a code violation.

STATUS > PERFRM REPORTS > %AV

Displays the percentage of available seconds in the last 15 minutes and 24 hours of operation. An available

second is defined as any second of operation that the unit is not in an alarm condition.

STATUS > PERFRM REPORTS > %EF

Displays the percentage of error free seconds in the last 15 minutes and 24 hours of operation. An error

free second is defined as any available second that does not contain a code violation.

STATUS > PERFRM REPORTS > RESET PERF CNTRS

Resets the display for the performance report counters. Clearing the counter display does not affect the 15

minute or 24 hour counter totals.

TRACER 2210/3202 System Manual Section 5, User Interface Guide

>CONFIG

The Configuration menu is used to set the TRACER 2210/3202 operational configuration, including all of

the network interface parameters, the allocation of the DS0s, and the V.35 port parameters.

CONFIG > DIU

Contains configuration parameters for the TRACER 2210 DIU.

CONFIG > DIU > CLOCK SOURCE

Configures the clock source for transmission toward the network. The TRACER 2210 is operable from

various clock sources permitting it to perform properly in many different applications.

Choices: INTERNAL, FAR END, AUTO, DTE

The clocking option selected always designates the clock source for transmission. Clocking necessary for

receiving data is always recovered from incoming data.

CONFIG > V.35

Contains configuration and operational parameters for the TRACER 2210 DIU V.35 interface.

CONFIG > V.35 > V.35 STEPSIZE 56/64 KPBS

Configures the data rate step size for the TRACER 2210 DIU V.35 interface. The available step sizes for

the V.35 interface are 56 kbps or 64 kbps.

Choices: 56 or 64

CONFIG > V.35 > V.35 RATE NX64

Configures the data rate for the TRACER 2210 DIU V.35 interface. The data rate for the TRACER 2210

DIU V.35 interface is the value of N (1 to 24) multiplied by the step size of the interface (see above). Thus

the available data rates range from 56 kbps (N = 1, step size = 56kps) to 1.536 Mbps (N=24, step size =

64kbps).

Choices: 1 to 24

Section 5, User Interface Guide TRACER 2210/3202 System Manual

CONFIG > V.35 > V.35 TX CLK

Controls the clock used by the TRACER 2210 DIU to accept the transmit (TX) data from the DTE. Most

applications will allow for this to be set to INTERNAL. If the cable between the TRACER 2210 DIU and the

DTE equipment is long (causing a phase shift in the data) the clock can be selected as INT-INV

(Internal/Inverted). This switches the phase of the clock which should compensate for a long cable. The

AUTO setting will allow the TRACER 2210 DIU to automatically detect the delay from the DTE device to

the V.35 interface of the DIU and set the proper phase of the clock. This feature will automatically select

between the INTERNAL and INT-INV settings. If the DTE provides a clock with TX data, the clock selection

should be set to EXTERNAL. When set to EXTERNAL, the TRACER 2210 DIU will require an externally

supplied clock to accept TX data

Choices: AUTO, INT-INV, EXTERNAL, INTERNAL

CONFIG > V.35 > DATA

Used to control the inverting of the DTE data. Inverting data can be useful when operating with an HDLC

protocol (due to excessive zeros). Enabling data inversion helps ensure ones (1s) density.

Choices: NORMAL, INVERT

CONFIG > V.35 > CTS

Used to control the characteristics of the Clear To Send (CTS) signal on the V.35 interface. In normal

operation CTS follows Request To Send (RTS) and is only asserted after RTS. Selecting the FORCE ON

setting configures the TRACER 2210 DIU to permanently assert the CTS signal on the V.35 interface.

Choices: NORMAL, FORCE ON

CONFIG > V.35 > DCD

Used to control the characteristics of the Data Carrier Detect (DCD) signal on the V.35 interface. In normal

operation DCD is turned off when a TRACER 2210 DIU self test is active, when no DS0s are mapped to

the V.35 interface, or when the radio interface is unavailable. Selecting the FORCE ON setting configures

the TRACER 2210 DIU to permanently assert the DCD signal on the V.35 interface

Choices: NORMAL, FORCE ON

CSU/DSU equipment on both ends must be configured for data inversion if it is required.

TRACER 2210/3202 System Manual Section 5, User Interface Guide

CONFIG > V.35 > DSR

Used to control the characteristics of the Data Set Ready (DSR) signal on the V.35 interface. In normal

operation DSR is turned off during all testing and when no DS0s are mapped to the V.35 interface.

Selecting the FORCE ON setting configures the TRACER 2210 DIU to permanently assert the DSR signal

on the V.35 interface.

Choices: NORMAL, FORCE ON

CONFIG > RADIO

Provides operational parameters for the TRACER 3202 RIU.

CONFIG > RADIO > TRANSMIT POWER

Controls the power the TRACER 3202 transmits through the antenna. A solid bar extends between two

brackets in lengths corresponding to the selected transmit power. When the transmit power is set so that the

bar fully covers the space between the brackets, a maximum transmit power level has be selected. When

the transmit power is set so that the space between the brackets is empty, a minimum transmit power. This

menu refers to the near TRACER 3202.

CONFIG > RADIO > CHANNEL PLAN

Displays the far end TRACER 3202 unit channel plan as either A1, A2, B1, or B2. The TRACER 3202

RIU comes pre-configured as either channel plan A or B. Using the terminal menus, select one of the

following frequency plans:

A1: Transmit 5.736 Ghz Receive 5.824 Ghz

A2: Transmit 5.748 Ghz Receive 5.836 Ghz

B1: Transmit 5.824 Ghz Receive 5.736 Ghz

B2: Transmit 5.836 Ghz Receive 5.748 Ghz

CONFIG > RADIO > FAR TRANSMIT PWR

Controls the power the TRACER 3202 transmits through the antenna. A solid bar extends between two

brackets in lengths corresponding to the selected transmit power. When the transmit power is set so that the

bar fully covers the space between the brackets, a maximum transmit power level has be selected. When

the transmit power is set so that the space between the brackets is empty, a minimum transmit power. This

menu refers to the TRACER 3202 on far-end of the system.

CONFIG > RADIO > FAR CHANNEL PLAN

Displays the far end TRACER 3202 unit channel plan as either A1, A2, B1, or B2. The TRACER 3202

RIU comes pre-configured as either channel plan A or B and the exact frequency plan is configured using

the local TRACER 2210 unit. The following frequency plans are available:

A1: Transmit 5.736 Ghz Receive 5.824 Ghz

A2: Transmit 5.748 Ghz Receive 5.836 Ghz

B1: Transmit 5.824 Ghz Receive 5.736 Ghz

B2: Transmit 5.836 Ghz Receive 5.748 Ghz

Section 5, User Interface Guide TRACER 2210/3202 System Manual

>UTIL

The Utility menu contains display information for the TRACER 2210/3202 system as well as

configuration parameters for system settings.

UTIL > SOFTWARE REV

Displays the current software revision level and the software checksum of the TRACER 2210 DIU. This

information will be needed when requesting assistance from ADTRAN Customer service or when updates

are needed.

UTIL > REINIT UNIT

Reinitializes the unit and performs a system self-test. Using the REINIT UNIT setting is the same as power

cycling the unit.

UTIL > SET PASSCODE

Allows the user to add, change, or delete a passcode for the TRACER 2210 DIU front panel.

UTIL > KEY PAD LOCK

Allows the user to lock the front panel keypad access. Locking the keypad will require a terminal session

to access the TRACER 2210 DIU.

Choices: UNLOCKED, LOCKED

UTIL > FACT RESTORE

Restores all unit parameters to the factory default settings.

>TEST

The Test menu is used to initiate different types of tests for the unit and view the results. Test results can be

viewed via the LCD display on the front panel of the unit or the terminal menu.

This menu item is not used to restore the factory default settings for all parameters.

TRACER 2210/3202 System Manual Section 5, User Interface Guide

TEST > LOOPBACKS

Configures the TRACER 2210 DIU to initiate a particular loopback. Selecting a Far 2210 loopback

configures the DIU to loop the far end unit. This will constitute a full system test. Selecting a 2210 To

Radio loopback configures the DIU to loop the data stream at the unit back towards the 3202 RIU. This can

be used to verify the entire system when the pattern is sent from the far end through the local loopback.

Selecting the 2210 To V.35 loopback configures the DIU to loop the data stream from the 2210 back

towards the V.35 interface. This can be used to verify the cable between the DIU and the DTE equipment.

Selecting the Radio Cable loopback provides a loop in the data stream at the data framer in the TRACER

3202 RIU back to the TRACER 2210 radio interface. Sending the pattern from the TRACER 2210 DIU

through the Radio Cable loopback will verify the integrity of the cable connecting the two units.

CHOICES: NO PATTERN, 511 PATTERN, QRSS PATTERN, AND 1:8 PATTERN

TEST > TEST PATTERN

Sets the pattern for the active test and initiates the transmission of the pattern. Selecting the 511 Pattern

will generate the standard DTE 511 data pattern from the TRACER 2210. This will activate the 511 error

counter but not reset the value. Selecting the QRSS pattern will generate a quasi-random signal source data

pattern from the TRACER 2210. The 1:8 pattern will generate a binary one followed by eight binary zeros.

Choices: ALL ONES, ALL ZEROS, 511 PATTER, AND QRSS

TEST > CLR PATTN ERRORS

Displays the count of the pattern errors. This counter is initiated when a pattern is selected in the Test

Pattern field. To clear the pattern error counter press <Enter>.

TEST > INSERT PATTN ERRORS

Inserts an intentional pattern error in the data stream which can be tracked using the pattern error counter.

Press <Enter> to insert the error.

TEST > CLEAR TESTS

Clears all active tests (loopbacks and patterns) in the TRACER 2210/3202 system.

Section 5, User Interface Guide TRACER 2210/3202 System Manual

TROUBLE SHOOTING GUIDE

CONTENTS

Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

2210-to-3202 Cabling Errors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Invalid 2210 Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Timing Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

V.35 Settings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Invalid DTE Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

RF Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

Loopback Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

2210 to DTE (V.35) Loopback. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

2210-to-Radio Loopback. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Radio Cable Loopback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Far 2210 Loopback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Test Patterns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

1-in-8 Pattern . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

511 Pattern . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

QRSS Pattern . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Step-by-Step Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Installing/Troubleshooting the TRACER Hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Installing/Configuring DTE Hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

FIGURES

Figure 1.. TRACER 2210/3202 Loopback Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

Section 4, Trouble Shooting Guide TRACER 2210/3202 System Manual

1. OVERVIEW

In general, system configuration errors fall into 1 of 4 categories:

(1) 2210-to-3202 cabling errors

(2) Invalid 2210 settings

(3) DTE configuration errors

(4) RF errors

2. 2210-TO-3202 CABLING ERRORS

Ensure that the electrical connection between the cable splices and the terminal block plug on the 2210 is

correct, using an ohmmeter. If all 4 conductors are intact, ensure that the pin-out is correct for each

connector, i.e. pin 1 on the terminal block is attached to conductor 1 on the spliced cable, etc.

3. INVALID 2210 SETTINGS

Several V.35 interface options are available for the TRACER 2210 for connecting to DTE equipment (eg.

router, bridge), and its interface with the radio link.

Timing Settings

Timing settings determine how the TRACER 2210 synchronizes itself to external equipment, including the

DTE hardware attached to the V.35 port, and the remote 2210 unit on the opposite end of the radio link. A

fully synchronized and operational TRACER 2210/3202 system requires that one and only one piece of

communications equipment control timing throughout the system. The TRACER 2210 has been flexibly

designed so that either the 2210 or the attached DTE equipment can mandate timing.

Most DTE equipment will expect timing to originate from the 2210 unit. In these common applications the

factory default, or AUTO, settings stored in the 2210 will synchronize the DTE and TRACER 2210/3202

circuits together. For those DTE devices that require self-regulated system timing, the TRACER 2210

timing settings will need to be changed via the 2210 menu.

V.35 Settings

Interface-related errors may also occur if the number of 56/64 kHz sub-channels is incompatible with the

DTE hardware. To remedy this problem, set the 2210 V.35 rate within the limits of the DTE bandwidth.

There are two distinct clock circuits in the 2210. One clock circuit interfaces with the V.35 port, and the

other clock circuit interfaces with the radio channel (network). The V.35 clock setting determines whether

the V.35 port accepts (sinks) or provides (sources) the clock used to synchronize data transmission between

the DTE unit and the 2210. The 2210 internal clock setting determines whether the internal 2210

oscillator, DTE received clock, or radio interface clock is used as the internal clock source for the 2210

unit. In most applications, the default (AUTO) timing settings for these two clocks will be correct.

The TRACER 2210 is factory-configured to network timing, and so acts as standard DCE hardware when

connected via a V.35 cable to DTE hardware. When using the 2210 in non-standard applications, please

consult both the DTE hardware user’s manual and TRACER 2210 user’s manual for proper settings

information.

TRACER 2210/3202 System Manual Section 4, Trouble Shooting Guide

4. INVALID DTE SETTINGS

It may be necessary to change certain options on the DTE hardware. Please consult the user’s manual for

your particular DTE hardware to ensure proper setup.

5. RF ERRORS

RF errors can range anywhere from a non-viable microwave path to loose RF connectors.

Non-viable path conditions could be caused by physical obstructions such as buildings, mountainous

terrain, trees, etc., as well as other physical limitations such as excessive path distances and in-band RF

interference. These types of errors are remedied by performing a detailed line-of-sight microwave path

study to determine whether or not a microwave link is feasible for the terrain and environment under

consideration.

If after performing a microwave path study the system is still not operational, ensure that the antennas are

properly aligned. Note that alignment must be achieved in both elevation and azimuth for optimal link

performance. The TRACER 2210 can be used to aid in antenna alignment by looking at the RSSI

submenu. Optimal antenna alignment will correspond to the maximum number of RSSI asterisks (or bars)

on the 2210 RSSI display.

6. LOOPBACK OPTIONS

The TRACER 2210/3202 has several data path loopback options available to assist in piece-wise

verification of data path integrity throughout the circuit. Each loopback option can be turned on/off from

the keypad menu on the 2210 unit. Enter the following menu selection to access the Loopback submenu.

4) TEST →

→→

→ 1) LOOPBACKS

The available loopback points are RADIO CABLE, 2210 TO DTE, 2210 TO RADIO, and FAR 2210.

(Figure 1 on page 49) shows the loopback locations and directions graphically.

Figure 1. TRACER 2210/3202 Loopback Diagram

Section 4, Trouble Shooting Guide TRACER 2210/3202 System Manual

2210 to DTE (V.35) Loopback

Performs a loopback at the V.35 DTE data interface. All received V.35 data is looped back in the transmit

direction toward the DTE equipment. This loopback is useful for diagnosing DTE device configuration

and setup.

2210-to-Radio Loopback

Performs a loopback at the line interface inside the TRACER 2210 unit directed back toward the host 3202

unit. This loopback is useful for diagnosing problems in the TRACER 3202 radio units.

Radio Cable Loopback

Performs a loopback at the line interface inside the TRACER 3202 radio unit directed back toward the host

2210 unit. This loopback is useful for diagnosing the radio cable connecting the 2210 and 3202 units, in

addition to differentiating between radio link errors on the remote or local ends of the link.

Far 2210 Loopback

Effectively performs a 2210-to-Radio loopback on the remote TRACER 2210 unit. This loopback

exercises the majority of the system circuitry and is useful for verifying end-to-end operation from a single

location.

7. TEST PATTERNS

The TRACER 2210/3202 has several data test patterns available to test bit integrity throughout the system.

Typically these patterns are used in conjunction with a loopback option to determine which system device

is demonstrating faulty behavior. The available patterns are a 511 pattern, a QRSS pattern, and a 1-in-8

pattern (1:8). Additionally, most third party test equipment will recognize and can operate with these three

standard patterns.

1-in-8 Pattern

The 1-in-8 (1:8) pattern is simply a repetition of the binary data sequence 10000000. The 1:8 pattern is

useful when needing to identify a regular data stream through the system.

511 Pattern

The 511 pattern is a pseudo-random data sequence that repeats every 511 bits. It is a relatively short

periodic sequence that can be used to simulate live data. The 511 pattern is generated by a length-9 shift

QRSS Pattern

The QRSS pattern, or quasi-random signal sequence, is a test sequence designed to simulate live data

traffic. It is based on a length-20 shift register with the logical exclusive-or of registers 17 and 20 being

fed back to register 1. The shift register contents are monitored for runs of 14 consecutive zeros, in which

case the QRSS generator will force the output to logic-1 to proceed the run of zeros. The QRSS pattern is

designed to have a 1-to-0 ratio of 1:1.

.... 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 ....

TRACER 2210/3202 System Manual Section 4, Trouble Shooting Guide

8. STEP-BY-STEP TROUBLESHOOTING

The logical troubleshooting flow presented in this section can be used to set up your TRACER 2210/3202

system, and also to diagnose a previously installed system. Please contact Adtran Technical support at any

stage during installation and/or troubleshooting if you require assistance.

9. INSTALLING/TROUBLESHOOTING THE TRACER HARDWARE

1. Perform a detailed path profile for each TRACER 2210/3202 microwave link. A thorough path

study can be used to estimate signal power budgets, fade margins at each receiver, identity

potential line-of-site obstacles, properly size antenna dishes, and determine minimum antenna dish

heights above the earth.

2. Setup all of the TRACER hardware on a work bench. This includes both 2210 units, both 3202

units, and RF attenuators or antennas. It is also recommended that the actual cables to be used in

the permanent installation be used in the work bench setup. A rigorous work bench "simulation"

of the link will help you alleviate and avoid time-consuming errors.

3. After applying power to the 2210 units, examine the CABLE light on the front panel of each 2210.

If this light is illuminated (green), then the 2210 is delivering power and data to the 3202 unit. If

the CABLE light is not illuminated, then the 3202 is not connected properly to the 2210 unit.

Normally this means that there is a physical problem with the cable attaching the 2210 to the 3202.

Any of several cabling errors could be present, including disconnected cable splices, severed wire,

or improper conductor ordering of the 4-wire cable to the back of the 2210 unit.

4. Resolve all 2210/3202 cabling errors using an ohmmeter before proceeding.

5. Command a RADIO CABLE loopback on each individual 2210/3202 pair, and run either a 511 or

QRSS test pattern to verify proper attachment of the 2210/3202 units. You should not see any

pattern errors during the test. Clear all test patterns after verification is finished.

6. Examine the PLAN A, PLAN B, and CHAN lights on the front panel of each 2210 unit. These

LEDs indicate the frequency plan and frequency channel for each 2210/3202 unit. The factory

default setting for the frequency channel is channel 1, while the frequency plan will be prefixed to

plan A for one 3202 unit, and plan B for the other 3202 unit. The color of the frequency channel

(CHAN) LED on both 2210 units should be the same. The frequency plan (PLAN A, PLAN B)

LED should be the opposite on both 2210 units. Unless you have verified that changing the

frequency channel is necessary for a particular link, there is no need to manually change the

channel setting on either unit. Possible conditions that could benefit by changing the frequency

channel include co-channel interference from a third party, or co-location applications.

7. Attach the RF coaxial cables to be used in the permanent installation to the N-type connectors on

the base of the 3202 unit. Attach the other end of the coaxial cable(s) to an RF power meter or

spectrum analyzer if either is available. The power measured by the meter/analyzer will be the RF

power available at the input of the antenna. The 3202 unit is programmed at the factory to output

approximately 100 mW (20 dBm) of 5.8 GHz RF power. The actual power level measured by the

meter/analyzer will be less than 100 mW due to RF losses through the coaxial cable, and is a

function of cable type and length of cable being used. In any event, the power level at the output

of the coaxial cable should be a significant fraction of 100 mW. A power meter/analyzer reading

that is not on the order of at least tens-of-milliwatts could be an indication of any combination of

either unsuitable RF, faulty, or unreasonably long coaxial cable.

Section 4, Trouble Shooting Guide TRACER 2210/3202 System Manual

8. Resolve all RF coaxial cabling errors before proceeding.

9. Attach the RF coaxial cables to a 5.8 GHz attenuator, if possible. If you do not have an attenuator,

attach the coaxial cables to the antennas to be used in the permanent installation. If the installation

antennas are not available, small, inexpensive dipole or patch antennas can be used for verification

purposes. If an adjustable attenuator is being used, dial in the amount of attenuation that

corresponds to the path loss value expected for the microwave link in which the TRACER

hardware will be installed. The path loss value can be calculated from a knowledge of the path

length, or provided by a path study. Remember to subtract both antenna gain values from the

attenuator level if these values have not already be accounted for.

10. After setting up the RF pieces, examine the RFDWN light on the front panel of each 2210 unit. If

the RFDWN light is illuminated (red), the corresponding 2210/3202 is not receiving a suitable RF

signal from the other 2210/3202 pair. In this case, the receiving 2210/3202 is either receiving a

very weak signal, or no signal at all. If the RFDWN light is not illuminated, then the 2210/3202

units are receiving a suitable RF signal. Suitable RF power levels for low error rate

communication will range from -30 dBm to -87 dBm measured at the N-type connector input at

the base of the receiving 3202 unit.

11. Resolve any signal level issues before proceeding.

12. Examine the RFLOW light on the front panel of each 2210 unit. If this light is illuminated, then

the 2210/3202 is receiving a relatively weak signal, however if the RFDWN light is not

illuminated, the received signal is being suitably processed by the TRACER system. If you are

receiving a weak signal (RFLOW is lit), please verify that the weak signal is not being caused by a

faulty cable, an insufficiently tightened cable, or some other installation-related problem. Also,

make sure an unreasonably large attenuation value has not been selected if you are using an

attenuator on a work bench setup.

You can use the table in the Microwave Path Engineering section of this manual to select the

proper free-space attenuation value (in dB) based on the estimated length of the microwave path.

Remember to subtract out both antenna gains (local and remote) from the attenuator setting.

13. Command a FAR 2210 loopback on both 2210 units to verify end-to-end link integrity. Set TEST

PATTERN to 511 or QRSS and verify that no errors are occurring. This step will ensure that the

hardware being used in the TRACER link is adequately passing data and will be a viable wireless

data path for your DTE equipment.

Installing/Configuring DTE Hardware

1. If possible, attach any or all of the intended DTE hardware to the 2210 units using the same work

bench setup. This step offers the perfect opportunity to configure your DTE hardware for proper

functioning with the TRACER hardware.

2. Determine the required data rate for the DTE hardware. Be sure to match this rate in the 2210 unit

using the CONFIG > V.35 menu selections. In nearly all applications, only the V.35 RATE setting

will need to be adjusted to match the DTE data rate, and not the V.35 TX CLK setting, which

should be set to AUTO.

3. Resolve any remaining DTE-to-2210 configuration issues before field installation, if possible.

This will significantly reduce the probability of unsuccessful field installation.

TRACER 2210/3202 System Manual Section 6, Menu Trees

TRACER 2210/3202 Status Menu Tree

TRACER 2210/3202 Config Menu Tree

1) RSSI

1) STATUS

2) CONFIG 2) FAR RSSI

3) UTIL

SES 15 Min/24 Hr

4) TEST ES 15 Min/24 Hr

3) PERFRM REPORTS %AV 15 Min/24 Hr

%EF 15 Min/24 Hr

RESET PERF CNTRS

INTERNAL

FAR END 1

1) 2210 1) CLOCK SOURCE AUTO 2

DTE 3

1) STATUS 1) V.35 STEP SIZE 56 Kbps 4

64 Kbps 5

2) V.35 RATE Nx 56/64 N= 6

2) CONFIG 2) V.35 7

AUTO 8

3) UTIL INT--INV 9

3) V.35 TX CLK EXTERNAL 10

4) TEST INTERNAL 11

NORMAL 13

4) DATA INVERT 14

NORMAL 16

5) CTS FORCE ON 17

NORMAL 19

6) DCD FORCE ON 20

NORMAL 22

7) DSR FORCE ON 23

1) TRANSMIT POWER (×/Ø)

3) RADIO 2) CHANNEL PLAN (A or B) 1

3) FAR TRANSMIT POWER (×/Ø)

4) FAR CHANNEL PLAN (A or B) 1

Section 6, Menu Trees TRACER 2210/3202 System Manual

TRACER 2210/3202 Util Menu Tree

TRACER 2210/3202 Test Menu Tree

REVISION

1) SOFTWARE REV CHECKSUM

1) STATUS 2) REINIT UNIT

2) CONFIG 3) SET PASSCODE (valid range 0000-9999)

3) UTIL 4) KEYPAD LOCK UNLOCKED

LOCKED

4) TEST 5) FACT RESTORE

NO LOOPBACK

FAR 2210

1) LOOPBACKS 2210 TO RADIO

2210 TO DTE

1) STATUS RADIO CABLE

NO PATTERN

2) CONFIG 2) TEST PATTERN QRSS PATTERN

511 PATTERN

3) UTIL 1:8 PATTERN

4) TEST

3) CLR 511 ERRORS

4) INSERT 511 ERR

5) CLEAR TESTS

ADTRAN TRC3202 Tracer 3202 5.8 GHz Mastmount RFC User Manual 61280012L1 1A

Adtran Tracer 3202 5.8 GHz Mastmount RFC 61280012L1 1A

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