ARRIS VT2542 Wireless Broadband Voice Gateway User Manual 521569 001

ARRIS Group, Inc. Wireless Broadband Voice Gateway 521569 001

Contents

Manual Part 2

VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 72Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless Users > USERS — configUse this page to configure new users.Users > USERS — config page fieldsField DescriptionUSER SETUPUser Name Type the user name as it will be entered by the user to log on to the network.Password Type at least four characters for the user’s password.Password (retype) Retype the user’s password.User Group Select a user group from the list. The user is given all the privileges assigned to that group. See Users > USER GROUPS for more information about user groups.Add (button) Click Add when you finish entering user setup information. The user name is added to the USERS list on the Firewall > FIREWALL — advanced page.
VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 73Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless Users > USER GROUPSUse this page to configure user groups to which users belong..NOTE: page 25 of spec says the product supports VPN pass through for IPSEC, PPTP, and L2TP. Users > USER GROUPS page fieldsField DescriptionUSER GROUPS Will this page include a way to create user groups?User Group Help screens not providedAdministration LoginVPN Client AccessPolicy AuthenticationContent Filtering Bypass
VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 74Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless Users > LOGUse this page to view a log of user activity:.Users > LOG page fieldsField DescriptionUSER LOGClear Log (button) Clears all entries in the log.Time The time frame that a user accessed a particular destination address.Description The URL or Web page accessed.Source Address The source IP address of the inbound or outbound message.Destination Address The destination IP address of the inbound or outbound message.Rule Number The firewall profile rule applicable to this user. Refer to Firewall > FIREWALL — advanced for more information about firewall rules.
VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 75Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless Wireless > STATUSThis page provides wireless status information.Refer to “Setting Up Your Wireless LAN (WLAN)” for a description of each field, or mouse-over the underlined field name and right-click to view a general description in a Help window.
VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 76Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless Wireless > NETWORKThis page allows you to configure wireless network settings. The default configuration parameters are set to permit IEEE 802.11 wireless network operation without additional changes. Any 802.11 conforming device may operate on the network.Refer to “Setting Up Your Wireless LAN (WLAN)” for a description of each field, or mouse-over the underlined field name and right-click to view a general description in a Help window.
VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 77Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless Wireless > SECURITY – basic This page allows you to configure basic wireless security settings for WEP or WPA. Refer to “Configuring WPA on the VT2500” or “Configuring WEP on the VT2500” under “Setting Up Your Wireless LAN (WLAN)” for a description of each field. Or, mouse-over the underlined field name and right-click to view a general description in a Help window.
VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 78Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless Wireless > SECURITY – advancedThis page allows you to configure advanced wireless security settings.Refer to “Setting Up Your Wireless LAN (WLAN)” for a description of each field, or mouse-over the underlined field name and right-click to view a general description in a Help window.
VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 79Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless Wireless > STATISTICSThis page provides information about wireless statistics.Refer to “Setting Up Your Wireless LAN (WLAN)” for a description of each field, or mouse-over the underlined field name and right-click to view a general description in a Help window.
VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 80Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless Configuring TCP/IPYou must be sure all client computers are configured for TCP/IP (a protocol for communication between computers). Perform one of these:•Configuring TCP/IP in Windows 95, Windows 98, or Windows Me•Configuring TCP/IP in Windows 2000•Configuring TCP/IP in Windows XP•Follow the instructions in your Macintosh or UNIX user manualAfter configuring TCP/IP, perform one of the following to verify the IP address:•Verifying the IP Address in Windows 95, Windows 98, or Windows Me•Verifying the IP Address in Windows 2000 or Windows XP•Follow the instructions in your Macintosh or UNIX user manualConfiguring TCP/IP in Windows 95, Windows 98, or Windows Me1On the Windows Desktop, click Start.2Select Settings and then Control Panel from the pop-up menus to display the Control Panel window:
VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 81Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless 3Double-click the Network icon to display the Network window:4Select the Configuration tab.5Verify that TCP/IP is installed for the adapter used to connect to the VT2500. If TCP/IP is installed, skip to step 10. If TCP/IP is not installed for the adapter, continue with step 6.6Select the adapter to use for the VT2500 connection and click Add. The Select Network Component Type window is displayed:Although your VT model number may be different than in the images in this guide, the procedure is the same.
VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 82Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless 7Click Protocol and click Add. The Select Network Protocol window is displayed:8Click Microsoft in the Manufacturers section and click TCP/IP in the Network Protocols section. 9Click OK.10 Click TCP/IP on the Network window. If there is more than one TCP/IP entry, choose the one for the Ethernet card or USB port connected to the VT2500.11 Click Properties. The TCP/IP Properties window is displayed:12 Click the IP Address tab.13 Click Obtain an IP address automatically.14 Click OK to accept the TCP/IP settings.15 Click OK to close the Network window.16 Click OK when prompted to restart the computer and click OK again.When you complete TCP/IP configuration, go to “Verifying the IP Address in Windows 95, Windows 98, or Windows Me”.
VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 83Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless Configuring TCP/IP in Windows 20001On the Windows Desktop, click Start.2Select Settings and then Control Panel from the pop-up menus to display the Control Panel window:3Double-click the Network and Dial-up Connections icon to display the Network and Dial-up Connections window:In the steps that follow, a connection number like 1, 2, 3, etc., is a reference that is displayed on computers with multiple network interfaces. Computers with only one network interface may only see the label: Local Area Connection.
VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 84Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless 4Click Local Area Connection number. The value of number varies from system to system. The Local Area Connection number Status window is displayed:5Click Properties. Information similar to the following window is displayed:6If Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) is in the list of components, TCP/IP is installed. You can skip to step 10. If Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) is not in the list, click Install. The Select Network Component Type window is displayed:
VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 85Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless 7Click Protocol on the Select Network Component Type window and click Add. The Select Network Protocol window is displayed:8Click Internet Protocol (TCP/IP).9Click OK. The Local Area Connection number Properties window is re-displayed.10 Be sure the box next to Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) is selected.
VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 86Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless 11 Click Properties. The Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties window is displayed: 12 Be sure Obtain IP address automatically and Obtain DNS server address automatically are selected.13 Click OK to accept the TCP/IP settings.14 Click Close to close the Local Area Connection number Properties window.15 Click OK when prompted to restart the computer and click OK again.When you complete the TCP/IP configuration, go to “Verifying the IP Address in Windows 2000 or Windows XP”.
VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 87Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless Configuring TCP/IP in Windows XP1On the Windows desktop, click Start to display the Start window:2Click Control Panel to display the Control Panel window. The display varies, depending on the Windows XP view options. If the display is a Category view as shown below, continue with step 3. Otherwise, skip to step 5.
VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 88Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless 3Click Network and Internet Connections to display the Network and Internet Connections window:4Click Network Connections to display the LAN or High-speed Internet connections. Skip to step 7. 5If a classic view similar to below is displayed:6Double-click Network Connections to display the LAN or High-speed Internet connections.
VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 89Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless 7Right-click on the network connection. If more than one connection is displayed, be sure to select the one for your network interface:8Select Properties from the pop-up menu to display the Local Area Connection Properties window:9On the Local Area Connection Properties window, select Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) if it is not selected.
VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 90Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless 10 Click Properties to display the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties window:11 Verify that the settings are correct, as shown above.12 Click OK to close the TCP/IP Properties window.13 Click OK to close the Local Area Connection Properties window.When you complete the TCP/IP configuration, go to “Verifying the IP Address in Windows 2000 or Windows XP”.
VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 91Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless Verifying the IP Address in Windows 95, Windows 98, or Windows Me To check the IP address:1On the Windows Desktop, click Start. 2Select Run. The Run window is displayed.3Type winipcfg.exe and click OK. The IP Configuration window is displayed. The Ethernet Adapter Information field will vary depending on the system, as shown in the following examples:The values for Adapter Address, IP Address, Subnet Mask, and Default Gateway on the PC will be different than in the images.In Windows 98, if “Autoconfiguration” is displayed before the IP Address as in the following image, call your service provider.4Select the adapter name — the Ethernet card or USB device.5Click Renew.6Click OK after the system displays an IP address.If after performing this procedure the computer cannot access the Internet, call your cable provider for help.
VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 92Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless Verifying the IP Address in Windows 2000 or Windows XP To check the IP address:1On the Windows Desktop, click Start. 2Select Run. The Run window is displayed.3Type cmd and click OK to display a command prompt window.4Type ipconfig and press ENTER to display the IP configuration. A display similar to the following indicates a normal configuration:If an Autoconfiguration IP Address is displayed as in the following window, there is an incorrect connection between the PC and the VT2500 or there are cable network problems. Check the cable connections and determine if you can view cable-TV channels on your television:After verifying the cable connections and proper cable-TV operation, renew the IP address.
VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 93Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless To renew the IP address:1Type ipconfig /renew and press ENTER. If a valid IP address is displayed as shown, Internet access should be available.2Type exit and press ENTER to return to Windows. If after performing this procedure the computer cannot access the Internet, call your cable provider for help.
VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 94Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless Setting Up Your Wireless LAN (WLAN)You can use the VT2500 as an access point for a wireless LAN (WLAN) without changing its default settings.To enable security for your WLAN, you can do the following on the VT2500:Connect at least one computer to the VT2500 Ethernet port to perform configuration. Do not attempt to configure the VT2500 over a wireless connection.You need to configure each wireless client (station) to access the VT2500 LAN as described in “Configuring the Wireless Clients”.For descriptions of all wireless configuration fields, see “Wireless Pages in the VT2500 Setup Program”.Another step to improve wireless security is to place wireless components away from windows. This decreases the signal strength outside the intended area.Caution!To prevent unauthorized eavesdropping or access to WLAN data, you must enable wireless security. The default VT2500 settings provide no wireless security. After your WLAN is operational, be sure to enable wireless security.To Perform Use in Setup ProgramEncrypt wireless transmissions and restrict WLAN access Encrypting Wireless LAN Transmissions Wireless > SECURITY — basic pageFurther prevent unauthorized WLAN intrusions Restricting Wireless LAN Access Wireless > SECURITY — advanced pageCaution!Never provide your ESSID, WPA or WEP passphrase, or WEP key to anyone who is not authorized to use your WLAN.
VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 95Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless Encrypting Wireless LAN Transmissions To prevent unauthorized viewing of data transmitted over your WLAN, you must encrypt your wireless transmissions. Use the Wireless > SECURITY — basic to encrypt your transmitted data. Choose one of:If all of your wireless clients support WPA encryption, we recommend using WPA instead of WEP because WPA:•Provides much stronger encryption and is more secure•Provides authentication to ensure that only authorized users can log on to your WLAN•Is much easier to configure•Uses a standard algorithm on all compliant products to generate a key from a textual passphrase•Will be incorporated into the new IEEE 802.11i wireless networking standardFor new wireless LANs, we recommend purchasing client adapters that support WPA, such as the Motorola Wireless Notebook Adapter WN825G, Wireless PCI Adapter WPCI810G, and Wireless USB Adapter WU830G. For more information about the benefits of WPA, see the Wi-Fi Protected Access Web page: http://www.wifialliance.org/OpenSection/protected_access.asp.Configure on the VT2500 Required On Each Wireless ClientIf all of your wireless clients support Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA), we recommend you follow Configuring WPA on the VT2500If you use a local pre-shared key (WPA-PSK) passphrase, you must configure the identical passphrase to the VT2500 on each wireless client. Home and small-office settings typically use a local passphrase.Configuring a RADIUS server requires specialized knowledge that is beyond the scope of this guide. For more information, contact your network administrator.Otherwise, perform If you need to restore the wireless defaults, click Reset Security Defaults. You must configure each wireless client with the VT2500’s WEP key (must be identical)
VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 96Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless Configuring WPA on the VT2500After you enable and configure WPA on the VT2500, you must configure each WLAN client as described in the subsections under “Configuring the Wireless Clients”.To enable WPA and set the key on the VT2500:1On the VT2500 Setup Program menu, click Wireless.2Click the SECURITY tab to display the Wireless > SECURITY — basic page:3In the Security Mode field, select WPA and click Apply.4Under WPA CONFIGURATION, choose one WPA Encryption type. Because performance may be slow with TKIP, we recommend choosing AES if your clients support AES:TKIP Temporal Key Integrity Protocol provides data encryption including a per-packet key mixing function, message integrity check (MIC), initialization vector (IV), and re-keying mechanism.AES The Advanced Encryption Standard algorithm implements symmetric key cryptography as a block cipher using 128-bit keys. We recommend this setting if all of your wireless clients support AES. The Motorola client adapters shown in “Optional Accessories” support AES.Group Rekey Interval Set the WPA Group Rekey Interval in seconds. Set to zero to disable periodic rekeying. The value should be from 0 - (2^32 -1).
VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 97Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless 5Choose the WPA Authentication type:6For Remote (Radius) authentication only, set:7For Local (WPA-PSK) authentication only, set:8Click Save Changes.If you need to restore the wireless defaults, click Reset Security Defaults.Remote (Radius) If a Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service (RADIUS) server is available, you can select this option and go to step 6. A RADIUS server is typically used in a large corporate location.Local (WPA-PSK) If you choose Pre-Shared Key (PSK) local authentication, if the passphrase on any client supporting WPA matches the PSK Passphrase set on the VT2500, the client can access the VT2500 WLAN. To set the PSK Passphrase, go to step 7. A local key is typically used in a home or small office.Radius Port The port used for remote authentication through a RADIUS server. It can be from 0 to 65535. Radius Key The key for remote authentication. It can be from 0 to 255 ASCII characters.Radius Server Type Currently IPv4 only.Radius Server The RADIUS server IP address in dotted-decimal format (example: 192.168.102.155).PSK Passphrase The PSK password containing from 8 to 63 ASCII characters. You must set the identical passphrase on each WLAN client (see “Configuring a Wireless Client for WPA”).
VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 98Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless Configuring WEP on the VT2500After you enable and configure WEP on the VT2500, you must configure each WLAN client as described in the subsections under “Configuring the Wireless Clients”.Use Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) only if you have wireless clients that do not support WPA.To enable WEP and set the key on the VT2500:1On the VT2500 Setup Program menu, click Wireless.2Click the SECURITY tab to display the Wireless > SECURITY — basic page:3In the Security Mode field, select WEP and click Apply.4In the WEP Passphrase field, type a passphrase containing from 8 to 31 ASCII characters. For privacy, your passphrase displays as dots.5Click Generate WEP Keys. The following window is displayed:Caution!If you use WEP encryption, you must configure the same WEP key on the VT2500 access point and all wireless clients (stations). Never provide your WEP key or passphrase to anyone who is not authorized to use your WLAN.
VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 99Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless 6Click OK. The WEP CONFIGURATION fields now appear something like this:Before performing step 7, consider the following:•If all of your wireless adapters support 128-bit encryption, you can select Enable 128 Bit. Otherwise, you must select Enable 64 Bit.•For a WLAN client equipped with a Motorola wireless adapter, you can enter the WEP Passphrase when you perform “Configuring a Wireless Client for WEP”. For all other wireless adapters, you will probably need to enter the generated WEP key that you designate in step 7.7Under WEP CONFIGURATION, set:8Click Save Changes to save your changes.If you need to restore the wireless defaults, click Reset Security Defaults.WEP Authentication Sets whether shared key authentication is enabled to provide data privacy on the WLAN:•Open System — Any WLAN client can transmit data to any other client without authentication. It is the default, if the Security Mode is set to WEP.•Shared Key — The VT2500 authenticates and transfers data to and from all clients having shared key authentication enabled. We recommend this setting.Encryption Use a WEP key length that is compatible with your wireless client adapters. Choose one of:•Enable 64-Bit — Use only if you have wireless clients that do not support 128-bit encryption•Enable 128-Bit — We recommend this setting for stronger encryption; it is supported by the Motorola WN825G and WPCI810G wireless adapters and most current wireless adaptersKey Type(Key 1 to Key 4)Select the active key (1 to 4). Only one key can be active. You can generate WEP keys from a passphrase as described in steps 4 to 6 or type non-case-sensitive hexadecimal characters 0 to 9 and A to F to define up to:•Four 10-character long key 64-bit WEP keys•Four 26-character long 128-bit WEP keysWe recommend changing the WEP keys frequently. Never provide the WEP key to anyone who is not authorized to use your WLAN.
VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 100Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless Restricting Wireless LAN AccessThe default VT2500 wireless settings enable any computer having a compatible wireless adapter to access your WLAN. To protect your network from unauthorized intrusions, you can restrict access to your WLAN to a limited number of computers on the Wireless > SECURITY — advanced page. You can configure one or both of:Configure on the VT2500 Required On Each Wireless ClientPerform Configuring the Wireless Network Name on the VT2500 to disable Extended Service Set Identifier (ESSID) broadcasting to enable closed network operationYou must configure each wireless client with the VT2500’s ESSID network name (must be identical).Perform Configuring a MAC Access Control List on the VT2500 to restrict access to wireless clients with known MAC addressesNo configuration is required on the client.
VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 101Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless Configuring the Wireless Network Name on the VT2500If you disable ESSID broadcasting on the VT2500, it does not transmit the network name (ESSID). This provides additional protection because:•Only wireless clients configured with your network name can communicate with the VT2500•It is more difficult for unauthorized individuals who scan for unsecured WLANs to access your WLANClosed network operation is an enhancement of the IEEE 802.11b and IEEE 802.11g standards.If you select Disable ESSID Broadcast, you must also perform Configuring a Wireless Client with the Network Name (ESSID) on all WLAN clients (stations). Never provide your ESSID to anyone who is not authorized to use your WLAN.To configure the ESSID on the VT2500:1Start the VT2500 Setup Program as described in “Starting the VT2400/VT2500 Voice Gateway Setup Program”.2On the Setup Program menu, click Wireless.3Click the NETWORK tab to display the Wireless > NETWORK page:4In the ESSID field, type a unique name. It can be any alphanumeric, case-sensitive string up to 32 characters. The default is “Motorola.” Do not use the default ESSID. 5Click Save Changes to save your changes.
VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 102Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless 6To restrict WLAN access to clients configured with the same Network Name (ESSID) as the VT2500, click the SECURITY tab.7Click advanced to display the Wireless > SECURITY — advanced page:8Select ESSID Broadcast to restrict WLAN access to clients configured with the same Network Name (ESSID) as the VT2500.9Click Apply to save your changes.
VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 103Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless Configuring a MAC Access Control List on the VT2500You can restrict wireless access to one to 32 wireless clients, based on the client MAC address.To configure a MAC access control list:1On the VT2500 Setup Program menu, click Wireless.2Click the SECURITY tab.3Click advanced to display the Wireless > SECURITY — advanced page:4To restrict wireless access to systems in the MAC access control list, select Allow Only Listed Stations Access and click Apply.5To add a wireless client, type its MAC address in the format xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx in the New Station field and click Add Station.You can add up to 32 wireless clients to the MAC access control list.
VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 104Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless Configuring the Wireless ClientsFor each wireless client computer (station), install the wireless adapter — such as a Motorola WN825G, WPCI810G, or WU830G — following the instructions supplied with the adapter. Be sure to:1Insert the CD-ROM for the adapter in the CD-ROM drive on the client.2Install the device software from the CD.3Insert the adapter in the PCMCIA or PCI slot or connect it to the USB port.Configure the adapter to obtain an IP address automatically. The Motorola wireless adapters are supplied with a client configuration program called Wireless Client Manager, which is installed in the Windows Startup group. On a PC with Wireless Client Manager installed, the icon is displayed on the Windows task bar. Double-click the icon to launch the utility.You may need to do the following to use a wireless client computer to surf the Internet:If You Performed: On Each Client, You Need to Review:Configuring WPA on the VT2500 “Configuring a Wireless Client for WPA”If you need to restore the wireless defaults, click Reset Security Defaults. “Configuring a Wireless Client for WEP”Configuring the Wireless Network Name on the VT2500 “Configuring a Wireless Client with the Network Name (ESSID)”Configuring a MAC Access Control List on the VT2500 No configuration on client requiredStep 1Step 1Step 2Step 2Step 3Step 3
VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 105Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless Configuring a Wireless Client for WPAIf you enabled WPA and set a PSK Passphrase by “Configuring WPA on the VT2500”, you must configure the same passphrase (key) on each wireless client. The VT2500 cannot authenticate a client if:•WPA is enabled on the VT2500 but not on the client•The client passphrase does not match the VT2500 PSK PassphraseFor information about the WPA support in Windows XP, visit:You can download the Microsoft Windows XP Support Patch for WPA from http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyId=009D8425-CE2B-47A4-ABEC-274845DC9E91&displaylang=en.Configuring a Wireless Client for WEPIf you enabled WEP and set a key by If you need to restore the wireless defaults, click Reset Security Defaults., you must configure the same WEP key on each wireless client. The VT2500 cannot authenticate a client if:•Shared Key Authentication is enabled on the VT2500 but not on the client•The client WEP key does not match the VT2500 WEP keyOn a WLAN client equipped with a Motorola wireless adapter, you can enter the WEP Passphrase you set when you configured the VT2500. For all other wireless adapters, you must enter the 64-bit or 128-bit WEP key generated by the VT2500.Configuring a Wireless Client with the Network Name (ESSID)To distinguish it from other nearby WLANs, you should identify your WLAN with a unique network name (also known as a network identifier or ESSID). As you configure a wireless client, you will be prompted for the network identifier, network name, or ESSID; type the same name that appears in the ESSID field on the Wireless > NETWORK page in the VT2500 Setup Program (see Wireless > NETWORK for details). If the network name is not configured yet, see “Configuring the Wireless Network Name on the VT2500” to configure it.After you specify the network name, many wireless cards or adapters automatically scan for an access point such as the VT2500 and the proper channel and data rate. If your card requires you to manually start scanning for an access point, do so following the instructions in the documentation supplied with the card. WPA Wireless Security for Home Networks http://www.microsoft.com/WindowsXP/expertzone/columns/ bowman/03july28.aspOverview of the WPA Wireless Security Update in Windows XP http://support.microsoft.com/?kbid=815485Caution!Never provide the PSK Passphrase to anyone who is not authorized to use your WLAN.Caution!Never provide the WEP key to anyone who is not authorized to use your WLAN.
VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 106Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless Wireless Pages in the VT2500 Setup ProgramUse the Wireless pages to control and monitor the wireless interface:•Wireless > STATUS page•Wireless > NETWORK page•Wireless > SECURITY — basic page•Wireless > SECURITY — advanced page•Wireless > STATISTICS page After you edit some fields and click Apply, you are required to reboot your voice gateway for your changes to take effect. Rebooting takes 10 to 15 seconds. After rebooting, you must log in again.
VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 107Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless Wireless > STATUSYou can use this read-only page to:•View the wireless interface status•Help perform Troubleshooting for wireless network problemsWireless > STATUS Page FieldsRegulatory Domain Indicates the country for which the VT2500 is manufactured. The list of channels depends on the country’s standards for operation of wireless devices. Depending on the domain set at the factory, USA FCC, Europe, Spain, France, Japan, or some other country name is displayed. The equipment version marketed in the United States is restricted to usage of channels 1 through 11 only.ESSID Displays the ESSID set on the Wireless > NETWORK page. For more information, see “Configuring the Wireless Network Name on the VT2500”. Never provide the ESSID to anyone who is not authorized to use your WLAN.Channel Displays the radio channel for the access point. If you encounter interference, you can set a different channel on the Wireless > NETWORK page. RTS Threshold Displays the Request to Send Threshold set on the Wireless > NETWORK page.Frag Threshold Displays the Fragmentation Threshold set on the Wireless > NETWORK page.MAC Address Displays the VT2500 MAC address.Security Mode Displays the enabled wireless encryption type. For more information, see “Configuring WPA on the VT2500” or “Configuring WEP on the VT2500”.MAC Access Control Displays the MAC Access Control setting (see “Configuring a MAC Access Control List on the VT2500”):•Allow Listed — Only clients in the MAC access control list can access the WLAN.•Allow Any Station Access — Any wireless client can access the WLAN.
VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 108Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless MAC Access Control List Displays the MAC addresses of wireless clients having access (see “Configuring a MAC Access Control List on the VT2500”).ESSID Broadcast If you disable ESSID broadcast, the network name (ESSID) will not be transmitted in the 802.11 beacon frame. This provides some additional protection for your network because only 802.11 stations that know your network name can be configured to associate with the SBG. Note: Disable ESSID broadcast operation is not part of the IEEE 802.11 standard. Wireless > STATUS Page Fields (continued)
VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 109Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless Wireless > NETWORK Use this page for:•Enabling the wireless interface•Configuring the wireless network name (also see Configuring the Wireless Network Name on the VT2500)•Configuring other WLAN settingsYou can use the VT2500 to operate a WLAN without changing its default settings. Wireless > NETWORK page fieldsField DescriptionWIRELESS
VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 110Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless Enable Wireless Interface Select this box to enable the wireless interface.ESSID Sets a unique network name for the VT2500 WLAN to distinguish between multiple WLANs in the vicinity. If you select Disable ESSID Broadcast on the Wireless > SECURITY — advanced page, all clients on the WLAN must have the same ESSID (network name) as the VT2500. It can be any alphanumeric, case-sensitive string up to 32 characters. The default is “Motorola.” We strongly recommend not using the default. Never provide the ESSID to anyone who is not authorized to use your WLAN.Channel Sets the wireless radio channel. You can change the channel if you encounter interference on the default channel. The default is 1 (one), except in countries where the first channel permitted for wireless operation is not one.Operating Mode Sets how the VT2500 communicates with wireless clients (stations):•11b/11g Standard — Enables all IEEE 802.11b and IEEE 802.11g clients to work with the VT2500. We recommend using this default setting in most cases because it is more flexible. •11g Enhanced — Choose this option only if all IEEE 802.11g client adapters on the network support the performance-enhancing features of the IEEE 11g Enhanced mode. It is not supported by all IEEE 802.11g adapters.ADVANCED SETUPTransmit Power Sets the VT2500 wireless transmission power — 3, 6, 12, 25, 50, 75, or 100%. The default is 100%. You can lower the Transmit Power to:•Decrease “leakage” into outside areas, such as the street•Improve performance if you usually position your computer or laptop close to your VT2500Transmission power control is an optional IEEE 802.11 feature.RTS Threshold The Request To Send Threshold sets the minimum packet size for which the VT2500 issues an RTS before sending a packet. A low RTS threshold can help when many clients are associated with the VT2500, or the clients are far apart and can detect the VT2500 but not each other. It can be 0 to 2347 bytes. The default is 2347. Fragmentation Threshold Sets the size at which packets are fragmented (sent as several packets instead of as one packet). A low fragmentation threshold can help when communication is poor or there is a significant interference. It can be 256 to 2346 bytes. The default is 2346. Beacon Period Sets the time between beacon frames sent by the VT2500 for wireless network synchronization. It can be from 1 to 999 ms. The default is 100 ms. SECOND PAGE ONLYDTIM Period The delivery traffic indication message (DTIM) period is the number of beacon periods that elapse before a wireless client operating in power save mode “listens” for buffered broadcast or multicast messages from the VT2500. It can be from 1 to 99999. The default is 3. Save Changes (button)Reset Wireless Defaults (button)Wireless > NETWORK page fields (continued)Field Description
VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 111Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless Wireless > SECURITY — basic Use this page to configure how your VT2500 encrypts wireless transmissions. For information about using this page, review “Encrypting Wireless LAN Transmissions” in this section of the manual. After you enable and configure WEP or WPA on the VT2500 by performing “Configuring WPA on the VT2500” or “Configuring WEP on the VT2500” (all options on the Wireless > SECURITY — basic page are described in these procedures), you must configure each WLAN client as described in the subsections under “Configuring the Wireless Clients”.Caution!The default Security Mode setting None provides no security for transmitted data.
VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 112Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless Wireless > SECURITY — advanced Use this page to configure advanced wireless security settings.Wireless > Security — ADVANCED page fieldsField or Button Description ESSID Broadcast If selected, only wireless clients (stations) having the same Network Name (ESSID) as the VT2500 can communicate with the VT2500. Closed network operation is a VT2500 enhancement to IEEE 802.11b. The default is not selected (off).MAC ACCESS CONTROL LIST You can restrict wireless access to one to 32 wireless clients, based on the client MAC address.Allow Any Station Access If selected, any wireless client can access the VT2500 WLAN.Allow Only Listed Stations Access If selected, only wireless clients in the MAC access control list can access the VT2500 WLAN. Apply (button) Click to apply your change.Station #Listed Stations Lists the wireless clients in the MAC access control list having access if Allow Only Listed Stations Access is selected.
VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 113Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless Delete (button) To delete a wireless client from the MAC access control list, select its Delete check box and click the Delete button.ADD NEW STATIONSNew Station (now Station #?)Type the MAC address of the wireless client to add to the MAC access control list. Use the format xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx. The MAC access control list can contain one to 32 clients.Add Station (button) Click to add the New Station to the MAC access control list.Wireless > Security — ADVANCED page fields (continued)Field or Button Description
VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 114Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless Wireless > STATISTICS Use this page to display wireless statistics.Wireless > STATISTICS page fieldsField or Button DescriptionWIRELESS STATISTICSTransmitted Fragment Count The number of acknowledged MAC protocol data units (MPDUs) with an address in the address 1 field or an MPDU with a multicast address in the address 1 field of type data or management.Multicast Transmitted Fragment CountThe number of transmitted fragments when the multicast bit is set in the destination MAC address of a successfully transmitted MAC service data unit (MSDU). When operating as a STA in an ESS, where these frames are directed to the AP, this implies having received an acknowledgment to all associated MPDUs.Failed Count The number of MSDUs not transmitted successfully because the number of transmit attempts exceeded the IEEE 802.11b short or long retry limit.Retry Count The number of successfully transmitted MSDUs after one or more retransmissions.
VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 115Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless Multiple Retry Count The number of successfully transmitted MSDUs after more than one retransmission.Frame Duplicate Count The number of frames received where the Sequence Control field indicated the frame was a duplicate.Request To Send Success Count The number of CTS messages received in response to RTS messages.Request To Send Failure Count The number of CTS messages not received in response to RTS messages.Acknowledge Failed Count The number of acknowledgment messages not received when expected from a data message transmission.Received Fragment Count The number of successfully received MPDUs of type Data or Management.Multicast Received Fragment Count The number of MSDUs received when the multicast bit was set in the destination MAC address.Frame Check Sequence Error CountThe number of FCS errors detected in a received MPDU.Transmitted Frame Count The number of successfully transmitted MSDUs.WEP Undecryptable Count This number of frames received with the WEP subfield of the Frame Control field set to one and the WEP On key value mapped to the client MAC address. This indicates that the frame should not have been encrypted or was discarded due to the receiving client not having WEP enabled.Refresh (button)?? Click to collect new data.Wireless > STATISTICS page fields (continued)Field or Button Description
Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 116TroubleshootingIf the solutions listed here do not solve your problem, contact your cable provider. Before calling your cable provider, try pressing the reset button on the rear panel. Resetting the VT2500 may take 5 to 30 minutes. Your service provider may ask for the status of the lights as described in “Front-Panel Lights and Error Conditions”.Problem Possible SolutionsGreen POWER light is off Check that the AC power adapter is properly plugged into the electrical outlet and the VT2400/VT2500.Check that the electrical outlet is working.Cannot send or receive data or phone callsor No dial toneBe sure the telephone line cord is connected to the VT2400/VT2500.Check all other cabling between the modem, the VT2400/VT2500, and the computer. Be sure you used the cables provided with the VT2400/VT2500. All Ethernet cables must be straight-through cables. Check the lights on the modem front panel. For information, see your broadband modem user guide.Check the POWER light (see “Front Panel” on page 5).A wireless client(s) cannot send or receive data (VT2500 only)•Be sure that your wireless adapter (PCI card, Notebook or Ethernet adapter) on the PC is installed correctly and is active. •Be sure that your wireless adapter’s radio signal is enabled. Review your adapter’s documentation for further instructions.•Be sure that your wireless adapter for your PC and the wireless router security settings are the same so that it will allow your computer to access the wireless network. Also, verify that the list of Restricted Wireless MAC Addresses (on the WIRELESS Page of the Web-based Configuration Utility is not configured to block your PC. For details on adjusting your security settings, please refer to the descriptions of the WIRELESS and SECURITY Pages in Section 3: Configuration.•Be sure that your wireless adapter is within range of the voice gateway and is not behind an obstruction. For example, metal structures will interfere with the signal, as will 2.4 GHz cordless phones and microwaves.•Be sure that the PC’s wireless adapter antenna is properly connected.A wired client cannot send or receive data (VT2400/VT2500)•If you have cable TV, check that the TV is working and the picture is clear. If you cannot receive regular TV channels, the data service will not function.•Check the coaxial cable at the SBG900 and wall outlet. Hand-tighten if necessary.•Check the IP address. Follow the steps for verifying the IP address for your system. See “Configuring TCP/IP”. Call your cable provider if you need an IP address.•Check that the Ethernet cable is properly connected to the SBG900 and the computer.Slow wireless transmission speed with SPA enabled•On the Wireless > SECURITY — basic page, check whether the WPA Encryption type is TKIP. If all of your wireless clients support AES, change the WPA Encryption to AES as described in step 4 in “Configuring WPA on the VT2500” on page 96.”
Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 117Front-Panel Lights: Status and Error ConditionsLight Color DescriptionPower Green Indicates if the product has power.Status Green Indicates the state the product is in:One blink (every two seconds) - performing initial boot sequenceTwo blinks - obtaining network IP addressThree blinks - Downloading its configuration profile from your VoIP providerWLAN Green Indicates activity on the wireless interfaceWAN Green and Amber Indicates acitivity on the WAN and link speedGreen = 100baseT, Amber = 10baseTLAN1 Green or Amber Indicates activity on the LAN port and link speedGreen = 100baseT, Amber = 10baseTLAN2 Green or Amber Indicates activity on the LAN port and link speedGreen = 100baseT, Amber = 10baseTLAN3 Green or Amber Indicates activity on the LAN port and link speedGreen = 100baseT, Amber = 10baseTLAN4 Green or Amber Indicates activity on the LAN port and link speedGreen = 100baseT, Amber = 10baseTLine 1 and Line 2 Green Indicates status of line 1:Off- service is not present on the lineOne blink - The line is off the hookContinuous blink - Attempting to reregister with your VoIP provider after an interruption in service (see PSTN failover in “Rear Panel” on page 7)Solid - Successfully registered with your VoIP provider
Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 118Contact Us If you need assistance while working with the VT2400/VT2500, contact your cable provider. For more information about customer service, technical support, or warranty claims, see the Regulatory, Safety, Software License, and Warranty Information card provided with the VT2400/VT2500.For answers to typical questions, see “Frequently Asked Questions” on page 119.For more information about Motorola consumer cable products, education, and support, visit http://broadband.motorola.com/consumers.
Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 119Frequently Asked QuestionsIf you do not understand a term or acronym, check the Glossary.Q What does the Motorola voice terminal do?A The VT2400/VT2500 Voice Gateway is part stand-alone media terminal adapter (S-MTA) and part home broadband router:•As an S-MTA, it converts analog voice signals to and from a standard telephone to digital data that can be transmitted through a broadband connection across the Internet. It provides an alternate means to make voice calls. •It provides basic routing to enable simultaneous voice and data communication. Q Will the VT2400/VT2500 Voice Gateway work with a cable modem or DSL modem?A Yes. The VT2400/VT2500 Voice Gateway supports DHCP, which is specified for DOCSIS cable modems, and PPPoE, which is used by most DSL providers.Q Can end users operate a virtual private network (VPN) application behind the VT2400/VT2500?A Yes. The VT2400/VT2500 Voice Gateway supports IPSEC and PPTP, the most common VPN protocols. Q Can the end user play online games through their VT2400/VT2500?A By default, the VT2400/VT2500 Voice Gateway blocks all unsolicited messages to the computer or end-user network as a standard security measure. However, for online games that require some unsolicited messages to be transmitted through the VT2400/VT2500, the end user can specify ports and IP addresses on which to allow unsolicited messages. The VT2400/VT2500 Voice Gateway enables the end user to set up virtual servers or a DMZ. Q How does the end user configure the VT2400/VT2500?A Most end users who perform the appropriate installation procedure in “Connecting the VT2400/VT2500 to a Network” can send and receive calls immediately! Configuring your home or office network is done through a GUI where configuration options are selected using a connected PC configured to use DHCP to obtain its network IP address (see “Gateway > WAN — DHCP Client” on page 34). Or, the user can configure the computer statically to 192.169.102.xxx (xxx is from 2 to 254), subnet 255.255.255.0, and default gateway 192.168.102.1 (see “Gateway > WAN — Static” on page 36). Or, the user can configure a DSL connection by using the PPPoE Client configuration method (see “Gateway > WAN — PPPoE Client” on page 35). Q What is included with the built-in Ethernet router and wireless access point?A The VT2400/VT2500 Voice Gateway supports a firewall, RIP, parental control, port triggers, advanced ALGs such as RSVP, POP3, SNMP, and streaming media. No separate routers or wireless access points are needed.Q Is any Quality of Service (QoS) implemented on the VT2400/VT2500 Voice Gateway?A Although VoIP service is typically best-effort, the VT2400/VT2500 provides upstream voice prioritization to ensure that upstream voice data has priority over other Web data. This ensures good voice quality even during heavy upstream data transfers, such as e-mail synchronization or file sharing.
Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 120Q What voice protocols and CODECs does the VT2400/VT2500 Voice Gateway support?A Refer to “Supported VoIP Protocols, Codecs, and Calling Features” on page 1.
Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 120SpecificationsGeneralWAN and PC interfaces 1 WAN 10/100BASE-T 4 PC/LAN 10/100BASE-TData protocol TCP/IPDimensions 1.6” inch (H) x 5.5” inch (W) x 6.5” (L)Input power 12 VDCTelephonyPhone lines Two RJ-11 ports for one or two analog telephonesFax support T.38 fax and g.711 fax send-and-receiveAdaptive jitter bufferOptional PSTN failoverServices Call waiting, caller ID, call blocking, 3-way conference calling, call forwarding, etc.Codecs supported g.711 (A-law and X-law), g.726, g.726 (reverse nibble), g.729ab, g.729e, g.723.1, g.728Maximum line length (one-way) 1000 ft. (maximum)Wireless (VT2500)CPE wireless interface 802.11b/g; WiFi certifiedQuality of service 802.11e WMM/WME for wireless QOSRoutingCPE network interface Ethernet 10/100Base-TNAPT, DMZ, port forwarding, VPN pass-throughSecurity Firewall with stateful packet inspection, Dynamic port triggers, parental controlsSession initiation protocolSIP RFC 2543/3261 compatibility; extensive support for SIP methods and extensionsSTUN, TURN, and outbound proxy support for NAT traversalIP addressing DHCP, static IP, or PPPoEElectricalInput voltage range 100 – 240 VAC, 50 – 60 HzPower consumption 9 watts (nominal)EnvironmentalOperating temperature 32° to 113° F (0° to 40° C) Storage temperature –40° to 149° F (–40° to 65° C)Operating humidity 5% to 95% R.H. (non-condensing) 32° to 95° F (0° to 35° C)
Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 121Storage humidity 95% R.H.AntennasLED IndicatorsPhysical Dimensionswidthheight
Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 122Wall Mounting TemplatePrint out the template below to perform the wall mounting procedure in section 2.
Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 124GlossaryThis glossary defines terms and lists acronyms used with the VT2400/VT2500 Voice Gateway. To return to your previous page, click the Acrobat Go to Previous View button. Aaccess point A device that provides WLAN connectivity to wireless clients (stations). The VT2500 acts as a wireless access point.adapter A device or card that connects a computer, printer, or other peripheral device to the network or to some other device. A wireless adapter connects a computer to the WLAN.address translation See NAT.ALG Application level gateway triggers are required by some file transfer (for example, FTP), game, and video conferencing applications to open one or more ports to enable the application to operate properly.American Wire Gauge (AWG) A standard system used to designate the size of electrical conductors; gauge numbers are inverse to size.ANSI The American National Standards Institute is a non-profit, independent organization supported by trade organizations, industry, and professional societies for standards development in the United States. This organization defined ASCII and represents the United States to the International Organization for Standardization.ANX Automotive Network ExchangeARP Address Resolution Protocol broadcasts a datagram to obtain a response containing a MAC address corresponding to the host IP address. When it is first connected to the network, a client sends an ARP message. The VT2500 responds with a message containing its MAC address. Subsequently, data sent by the computer uses the VT2500 MAC address as its destination. ASCII The American Standard Code for Information Interchange refers to alphanumeric data for processing and communication compatibility among various devices; normally used for asynchronous transmission.asynchronous timing The VT2500 uses synchronous timing for upstream data transmissions. The CMTS broadcasts messages that bandwidth is available. The VT2500 reserves data bytes requiring x-number of mini-slots. The CMTS replies that it can receive data at a specified time (synchronized). At the specified time, the VT2500 transmits the x-number of data bytes.attenuation The difference between transmitted and received power resulting from loss through equipment, transmission lines, or other devices; usually expressed in decibels.authentication A process where the CMTS verifies that access is authorized, using a password, trusted IP address, or serial number.authorization Part of the process between a CMTS and the cable modem or gateway to enable Baseline Privacy. auto-MDIX Automatic medium-dependent interface crossover detects and corrects cabling errors by automatically reversing the send and receive pins on any port. It enables the use of straight-through wiring between the VT2500 Ethernet port and any computer, printer, or hub.
Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 125B To return to your previous page, click the Acrobat Go to Previous View button.bandwidth The transmission capacity of a medium in terms of a range of frequencies. Greater bandwidth indicates the ability to transmit more data over a given period of time.Baseline Privacy An optional feature that encrypts data between the CMTS and the cable modem or gateway. Protection of service is provided by ensuring that a cable modem or gateway, uniquely identified by its MAC address, can only obtain keys for services it is authorized to access.baud The analog signaling rate. For complex modulation modes, the digital bit rate is encoded in multiple bits per baud; for example, 64 QAM encodes 6 bits per baud and 16 QAM encodes 4 bits per baud.BCP Binary Communication ProtocolBER The bit error rate is the ratio of the number of erroneous bits or characters received from some fixed number of bits transmitted.binary A numbering system that uses two digits, 0 and 1.bit rate The number of bits (digital 0s and 1s) transmitted per second in a communications channel. It is usually measured in bits per second bps.BPKM Baseline Protocol Key Management encrypts data flows between a cable modem or gateway and the CMTS. The encryption occurs after the cable modem or gateway registers to ensure data privacy across the RF network.bps bits per secondbridge An OSI layer 2 networking device that connects two LANs using similar protocols. It filters frames based on the MAC address to reduce the amount of traffic. A bridge can be placed between two groups of hosts that communicate a lot together, but not so much with the hosts in the other group. The bridge examines the destination of each packet to determine whether to transmit it to the other side. See also switch.broadband High bandwidth network technology that multiplexes multiple, independent carriers to carry voice, video, data, and other interactive services over a single cable. A communications medium that can transmit a relatively large amount of data in a given time period. A frequently used synonym for cable TV that can describe any technology capable of delivering multiple channels and services.broadband Internet providerA company that provides high-speed cable data or DSL service.BTI Broadband telephony interface. See MTA and S-MTA.broadcast Simultaneous transmission to multiple network devices; a protocol mechanism supporting group and universal addressing. See also multicast and unicast.
Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 126C To return to your previous page, click the Acrobat Go to Previous View button.CableHome A project of CableLabs and technology suppliers to develop interface specifications for extending high-quality cable-based services to home network devices. It addresses issues such as device interoperability, QoS, and network management. CableHome will enable cable service providers to offer more services over HFC. It will improve consumer convenience by providing cable-delivered services throughout the home. CableLabs A research consortium that defines the interface requirements for cable modems and acknowledges that tested equipment complies with DOCSIS.cable modem A device installed at a subscriber location to provide data communications over an HFC network. Unless otherwise specified, all references to “cable modem” in this documentation refers to DOCSIS or Euro-DOCSIS cable modems only.cable modem configuration fileFile containing operational parameters that a cable modem or gateway downloads from the cable provider’s TFTP server during registration.circuit-switched Network-connection scheme used in the traditional PSTN telephone network where each connection requires a dedicated path for its duration. An alternative is packet-switched.CLASS Customer Local Area Signaling Service. One of an identified group of network-provided enhanced services. A CLASS group for a given network usually includes several enhanced service offerings, such as incoming-call identification, call trace, call blocking, automatic return of the most recent incoming call, call redial, and selective forwarding and programming to permit distinctive ringing for incoming calls.Class C network An IP network containing up to 253 hosts. Class C IP addresses are in the form “network.network.network.host.”client In a client/server architecture, a client is a computer that requests files or services such as file transfer, remote login, or printing from the server. Also called a CPE. On a WLAN, a client is any host that can communicate with the access point. A wireless client is also called a “station.”CMTS A cable modem termination system is a device in the cable system headend that interfaces the HFC network to local or remote IP networks to connecting IP hosts, cable modems or gateways, and subscribers. It manages all cable modem bandwidth. It is sometimes called an edge router.CNR carrier to noise ratiocoaxial cable (coax) A type of cable consisting of a center wire surrounded by insulation and a grounded shield of braided wire. The shield minimizes electrical and radio frequency interference. Coaxial cable has high bandwidth and can support transmission over long distances. CODEC COmpression/DECompression. A software-only or a hardware-assisted scheme that is used to process digital video or audio files. The amount of data required to represent moving pictures with sound is reduced by a CODEC, which normally discards redundant data on compression.CoS Class of service traffic management or scheduling functions are performed when transferring data upstream or downstream on HFC.CPE Customer premise equipment, typically computers, printers, etc., are connected to the cable modem or gateway at the subscriber location. CPE can be provided by the subscriber or the cable provider. Also called a client.crosstalk Undesired signal interfering with the desired signal.CSMA/CD carrier sense multiple access with collision detection
Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 127D To return to your previous page, click the Acrobat Go to Previous View button.datagram In RFC 1594, a datagram is defined as “a self-contained, independent entity of data carrying sufficient information to be routed from the source to the destination computer without reliance on earlier exchanges between this source and destination computer and the transporting network.” For the most part, it has been replaced by the term packet.default route The route by which packets are forwarded when other routes in the routing table do not apply. dB decibeldBc Signal level expressed in dB relative to the unmodulated carrier level desired.DBm A unit of measurement referenced to one milliwatt across specified impedance. 0dBm = 1 milliwatt across 75 ohms.dBmV Signal level expressed in dB as the ratio of the signal power in a 75-ohm system to a reference power when 1 mV is across 75 ohms. demodulation An operation to restore a previously modulated wave and separate the multiple signals that were combined and modulated on a subcarrier.DHCP A Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server dynamically assigns IP addresses to client hosts on an IP network. DHCP eliminates the need to manually assign static IP addresses by “leasing” an IP address and subnet mask to each client. It enables the automatic reuse of unused IP addresses.The VT2500 is simultaneously a DHCP client and a DHCP server. •A DHCP server at the cable system headend assigns a public IP address to the VT2500 and optionally to clients on the VT2500 LAN.•The VT2500 contains a built-in DHCP server that assigns private IP addresses to clients.distortion An undesired change in signal waveform within a transmission medium. A nonlinear reproduction of the input waveform.DMZ A “de-militarized zone” is one or more hosts logically located between a private LAN and the Internet. A DMZ prevents direct access by outside users to private data. (The term comes from the geographic buffers located between some conflicting countries, such as North and South Korea.) In a typical small DMZ configuration, the DMZ host receives requests from private LAN users to access external web sites and initiates sessions for these requests. The DMZ host cannot initiate a session back to the private LAN. Internet users outside the private LAN can access only the DMZ host. You can use a DMZ to set up a web server or for gaming without exposing confidential data.DNS The Domain Name System is the Internet system for converting domain names to IP addresses. A DNS server contains a table matching domain names such as Internetname.com to IP addresses such as 192.169.9.1. When you access the world-wide web, a DNS server translates the URL displayed on the browser to the destination website IP address. The DNS lookup table is a distributed Internet database; no one DNS server lists all domain name to IP address matches.DOCSIS The CableLabs Data-Over-Cable Service Interface Specification defines interface standards for cable modems, gateways, and supporting equipment to deliver data between an HFC network and computer systems or television sets. To emphasize its use as a cable modem standard, DOCSIS is now called CableLabs Certified Cable Modems. Euro-DOCSIS is DOCSIS adapted for use in Europe.domain name A unique name, such as motorola.com, that maps to an IP address. Domain names are typically much easier to remember than are IP addresses.dotted-decimal format Method of representing an IP address or subnet mask using four decimal numbers called octets. Each octet represents eight bits. In a class CIP address, the octets are “network.network.network.host.” The first three octets together represent the network address and the final octet is the host address. In the VT2500 LAN default configuration, 192.168.100 represents the network address. In the final octet, the host address can be from 2 to 254.
Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 128E To return to your previous page, click the Acrobat Go to Previous View button.download To copy a file from one computer to another. You can use the Internet to download files from a server to a computer. A DOCSIS or Euro-DOCSIS cable modem or gateway downloads its configuration file from a TFTP server during start-up.downstream In a cable data network, the direction of data received by the computer from the Internet.driver Software that enables a computer to interact with a network or other device. For example, there are drivers for printers, monitors, graphics adapters, modems, Ethernet, USB, HPNA, and many others.DSL Digital Subscriber LineDSSS Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum is an IEEE 802.11b RF modulation protocol.dynamic IP address An IP address that is temporarily leased to a host by a DHCP server. The opposite of static IP address.encapsulate To include data into some other data unit to hide the format of the included data. encode To alter an electronic signal so that only an authorized user can unscramble it to view the information.encrypt To encode data.endpoint A VPN endpoint terminates the VPN at the router so that computers on the VT2500 LAN do not need VPN client software to tunnel through the Internet to the VPN server.ESSID The Extended Service Set Identifier or network name is a unique identifier that wireless clients use to associate with an access point to distinguish between multiple WLANs in the same area. All clients on a WLAN must have the same ESSID as the access point. On the VT2500, you can set the ESSID on the Wireless > NETWORK page.Ethernet The most widely used LAN type, also known as IEEE 802.3. The most common Ethernet networks are 10Base-T, which provide transmission speeds up to 10 Mbps, usually over unshielded, twisted-pair wire terminated with RJ-45 connectors. Fast Ethernet (100Base-T) provides speeds up to 100 Mbps. “Base” means “baseband technology” and “T” means “twisted pair cable.”’Each Ethernet port has a physical address called the MAC address.Euro-DOCSIS A tComLabs standard that is DOCSIS adapted for use in Europeevent A message generated by a device to inform an operator or the network management system that something has occurred. expansion slot A connection point in a computer where a circuit board can be inserted to add new capabilities. EAP Extensible Authentication Protocol
Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 129F To return to your previous page, click the Acrobat Go to Previous View button.G To return to your previous page, click the Acrobat Go to Previous View button.FCS frame check sequenceF-type connector A type of connector used to connect coaxial cable to equipment such as the VT2500.firewall A security software system on the VT2500 that enforces an access control policy between the Internet and the VT2500 LAN.flash To press the flash button on the telephone, which allows you to retrieve or go between two calls.flow A data path moving in one direction.FEC Forward error correction is a technique to correct transmission errors without requiring the transmitter to resend any data.FDMA Frequency Division Multiple Access is a method to allow multiple users to share a specific radio spectrum. Each active user is assigned an individual RF channel (or carrier) with the carrier frequency of each channel offset from its adjacent channels by an amount equal to the channel spacing, which allows the required bandwidth per channel. FQDN(Fully Qualified Domain Name)A fully qualified domain name consists of a host and domain name, including top-level domain. For example, www.motorola.com is a fully qualified domain name. www is the host, motorola is the second-level domain, and .com is the top level domain.frame A unit of data transmitted between network nodes that contains addressing and protocol control data. Some control frames contain no data.frequency Number of times an electromagnetic signal repeats an identical cycle in a unit of time, usually one second, measured in Hz, kHz, MHz, or GHz.FTP File Transfer Protocol is a standard Internet protocol for exchanging files between computers. FTP is commonly used to download programs and other files to a computer from web pages on Internet servers.full-duplex The ability to simultaneously transmit and receive data. See also half-duplex.gain The extent to which a signal is boosted. A high gain antenna increases the wireless signal level to increase the distance the signal can travel and remain usable.gateway A device that enables communication between networks using different protocols. See also router.The VT2500 enables up to 253 computers supporting IEEE 802.11b, Ethernet, or USB to share a single broadband Internet connection. gateway IP address The address of the default gateway router on the Internet. Also known as the “giaddr.”GHz Gigahertz — one billion cycles per second.GUI graphical user interface
Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 130H To return to your previous page, click the Acrobat Go to Previous View button.I To return to your previous page, click the Acrobat Go to Previous View button.H.323 A suite of protocols created by the ITU for interactive video-conferencing, data sharing, and audio applications such as VoIP.half-duplex Network where only one device at a time can transmit data. See also full-duplex.headend A location that receives TV programming, radio programming, data, and telephone calls that it modulates onto the HFC network. It also sends return data and telephone transmissions. Headend equipment includes transmitters, preamplifiers, frequency terminals, demodulators, modulators, and other devices that amplify, filter, and convert incoming broadcast TV signals to wireless and cable channels.header The data at the beginning of a packet that identifies what is in the packet.hexadecimal A base-sixteen numbering system that uses sixteen sequential numbers (0 to 9 and the letters A to F) as base units before adding a new position. On computers, hexadecimal is a convenient way to express binary numbers. HFC A hybrid fiber/coaxial cable network uses fiber-optic cable as the trunk and coaxial cable to the subscriber premises.hop The interval between two routers on an IP network. The number of hops a packet traverses toward its destination (called the hop count) is saved in the packet header. For example, a hop count of six means the packet has traversed six routers. The packet hop count increases as the time-to-live (TTL) value decreases.host In IP, a host is any computer supporting end-user applications or services with full two-way network access. Each host has a unique host number that combined with the network number forms its IP address. Host also can mean:•A computer running a web server that serves pages for one or more web sites belonging to organization(s) or individuals•A company that provides this service•In IBM environments, a mainframe computerHTML Hyper Text Markup LanguageHTTP HyperText Transfer Protocol. The client-server TCP/IP used for exchanging HTML documents on the World Wide Web.hub On a LAN, a hub is a device that connects multiple hosts to the LAN. A hub performs no data filtering. See also bridge and router. An IP hub is typically a unit on a rack or desktop.On an HFC network, a hub is a scaled-down headend that performs some or all headend functions for part of the system.Hz Hertz — one cycle per second. The unit to measure the frequency that an alternating electromagnetic signal cycles through its highest and lowest states. Used to define the bands of the electromagnetic spectrum used in voice and data communications, or to define the bandwidth of a transmission medium.IANA The Internet Numbering Address Authority (IANA) is an organization under the Internet Architecture Board (IAB) of the Internet Society that oversees IP address allocation. It is under a contract from the U.S. government.ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol is a protocol used for error, problem, and informational messages sent between IP hosts and gateways. ICMP messages are processed by the IP software and are not usually apparent to the end-user.
Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 131ICSA The International Computer Security Association is the security industry’s main source of research, intelligence, and product certification.IEEE The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (http://www.ieee.org) is an organization that produces standards, technical papers, and symposiums for the electrical and electronic industries and is accredited by ANSI.IEEE 802.11b IEEE 802.11g IEEE wireless network standards.IEEE 802.3 See Ethernet.IETF The Internet Engineering Task Force (http://www.ietf.org) is an open international community of network designers, operators, vendors, and researchers to develop and maintain Internet architecture. Technical working groups issue working documents called Internet-Drafts. The IETF publishes review versions of the drafts called requests for comments (RFCs). IGMP Internet Group Membership Protocol — the Internet multicasting standard. IGMP establishes and maintains a database of group multicast addresses and interfaces to which a multicast router forwards multicast packets. IGMP runs between multicast hosts and their immediately-neighboring multicast routers.IGMP spoofing A process where a router acts as an IGMP querier for multicast hosts and an IGMP host to a multicast router.impedance The total opposition to AC electron current flow within a device. Impedance is typically 75 ohms for coax cable and other CATV components.impulse noise Noise of very short duration, typically of the order of 10 microseconds. It is caused by electrical transients such as voltage spikes, electric motors turning on, and lightning or switching equipment that bleed over to the cable.ingress noise Noise typically caused by discrete frequencies picked up by the cable plant from radio broadcasts or an improperly grounded or shielded home appliance such as a hair dryer. Ingress is the major source of cable system noise. Internet A worldwide collection of interconnected networks using TCP/IP. Internetwork A collection of interconnected networks allowing communication between all devices connected to any network in the collection.IP Internet Protocol is a set of standards that enable different types of computers to communicate with one another and exchange data through the Internet. IP provides the appearance of a single, seamless communication system and makes the Internet a virtual network. To return to your previous page, click the Acrobat Go to Previous View button.IP address A unique 32-bit value that identifies each host on a TCP/IP network. TCP/IP networks route messages based on the destination IP address. An IP address has two parts: •The network address is assigned by IANA.•The VT2500 network administrator assigns a host address to each host connected to the VT2500, automatically using its DHCP server as a static IP address.For a Class C network, the first 24 bits are the network address and the final 8 bits are the host address; in dotted-decimal format, it appears “network.network.network.host.”If you enable the VT2500 DHCP client on the WAN page, the cable provider automatically assigns the network address, subnet mask, domain name, and DNS server to provide a continuous Internet connection.IPSec The Internet Protocol Security protocols are IETF authentication and encryption standards for secure packet exchange over the Internet. IPSec works at OSI layer 3 and secures everything on the network.
Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 132KTo return to your previous page, click the Acrobat Go to Previous View button.IKE Internet Key ExchangeISAKMP Internet Security Association and Key Management ProtocolISDN Integrated Services Digital NetworkISO The International Organization for Standardization (http://www.iso.ch) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies from approximately 140 countries. ISO is a non-governmental organization established in 1947 to promote the development of standardization and related activities in the world with a view to facilitating the international exchange of goods and services, and to developing cooperation in the spheres of intellectual, scientific, technological, and economic activity.ISP Internet Service ProviderITSP Internet Telephony Service Provider. A company that provides VoIP telephone service. It may be the same as or different from the end-user broadband Internet provider. Also referred to as a “VoIP provider” or “voice provider.”ITU International Telecommunications UnionkHz kilohertz — one thousand cycles per second
Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 133L To return to your previous page, click the Acrobat Go to Previous View button.L2F Layer 2 Forwarding is an OSI layer 2 protocol that establishes a secure tunnel across the Internet to create a virtual PPP connection between the user and the enterprise network. L2F is the most established and stable layer 2 tunneling protocol.L2TP Layer 2 Tunnel Protocol is a PPP extension that enables ISPs to operate VPNs. L2TP merges the best features of the PPTP and L2F. L2TP is the emerging IETF standard.LAC An L2TP access concentrator is a device to which the client directly connects through which PPP frames are tunneled to the LNS. The LAC need only implement the media over which L2TP operates to transmit traffic to one or more LNSs. The LAC may tunnel any protocol carried within PPP. The LAC initiates incoming calls and receives outgoing calls. A LAC is analogous to an L2F NAS. LAN A local area network provides a full-time, high-bandwidth connection over a limited area, such as a building or campus. Ethernet is the most widely used LAN standard.layer In networks, layers are software protocol levels. Each layer performs functions for the layers above it. OSI is a reference model having seven functional layers.LCP Link Control Protocol establishes, configures, and tests data link connections used by PPP.latency The time required for a signal to pass through a device. It is often expressed in a quantity of symbols.LED light-emitting diodeLNS An L2TP network server is a termination point for L2TP tunnels where PPP frames are processed and passed to higher layer protocols. An LNS can operate on any platform that terminates PPP. The LNS handles the server side of the L2TP protocol. L2TP relies only on the single media over which L2TP tunnels arrive. The LNS can have a single LAN or WAN interface but can terminate calls arriving at any of the LACs full range of PPP interfaces (asynchronous, synchronous, ISDN, V.120, etc.). The LNS initiates outgoing calls and receives incoming calls. An LNS is analogous to a home gateway in L2F technology.loopback A test that loops the transmit signal to the receive signal. Usually the loopback test is initiated on a network device. The test is used to verify a path or to measure the quality of a signal on that path.
Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 134M To return to your previous page, click the Acrobat Go to Previous View button.N To return to your previous page, click the Acrobat Go to Previous View button.MAC address The Media Access Control address is a unique, 48-bit value permanently saved in ROM at the factory to identify each Ethernet network device. It is expressed as a sequence of 12 hexadecimal digits printed on a the bottom of the VT2400 or VT2500. You need to provide the HFC MAC address to the cable provider. Also called an Ethernet address, physical address, hardware address, or NIC address.MB One megabyte; equals 1,024 x 1,024 bytes, 1,024 kilobytes, or about 8 million bits.Mbps Million bits per second (megabits per second). A rate of data transfer.media The various physical environments through which signals pass; for example, coaxial, unshielded twisted-pair (UTP), or fiber-optic cable.MIB A management information base is a unique hierarchical structure of software objects used by the SNMP manager and agent to configure, monitor, or test a device. MHz Megahertz — one million cycles per second. A measure of radio frequency.MPDU MAC protocol data unit (PDU)MSDU MAC service data unitMSO Multiple Systems Operator. A company that owns and operates more than one cable system. Also called a group operator.MTA Multimedia Terminal Adapter. See S-MTA.MTU The Maximum Transmission Unit is the largest amount of data that can be transmitted in one discrete message on a given physical network. The MTU places an upper bound on the size of a message that can be transferred by the network in a single frame. Messages exceeding the MTU must be fragmented before transmission, and reassembled at the destination.multicast A data transmission sent from one sender to multiple receivers. See also broadcast and unicast.mW milliwattsNAS network access serverNAT Network Address Translation is an Internet standard for a LAN to use one set of IP addresses for internal traffic and a second set of IP addresses for external traffic. NAT provides some security because the IP addresses of VT2500 LAN computers are invisible on the Internet.If NAT is enabled on the Gateway page, there is a one-to-one mapping between each public IP address and client IP address.NAPT Network Address Port Translation is the most common form of address translation between public and private IP addresses. NAPT is a mapping of one public IP address to many private IP addresses. If NAPT is enabled on the Gateway page, one public IP address is mapped to an individual private IP address for up to 245 LAN clients.NEC National Electrical Code (in the United States) are the regulations for construction and installation of electrical wiring and apparatus, suitable for mandatory application by a wide range of state and local authorities.network Two or more computers connected to communicate with each other. Networks have traditionally been connected using some kind of wiring.network driver Software packaged with a NIC that enables the computer to communicate with the NIC.
Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 135O To return to your previous page, click the Acrobat Go to Previous View button.network layer Layer 3 in the OSI architecture that provides services to establish a path between open systems. The network layer knows the address of the neighboring nodes, packages output with the correct network address data, selects routes, and recognizes and forwards to the transport layer incoming messages for local host domains. NIC A network interface card converts computer data to serial data in a packet format that it sends over the LAN. A NIC is installed in an expansion slot or can be built-in. Every Ethernet NIC has a MAC address permanently saved in its ROM.node On a LAN, a generic term for any network device.On an HFC network, the interface between the fiber-optic trunk and coaxial cable feeders to subscriber locations. A node is typically located in the subscriber neighborhood.noise Random spurts of electrical energy or interface. May produce a salt-and-pepper pattern on a television picture.ohm A unit of electrical resistance.OOB DTMF Out-of-band dual tone multi-frequency signals are generated when you press the keys of an ordinary telephone. In the United States, it is referred to as a "touch-tone" phone (formerly a registered trademark of AT&T).OSI The Open Systems Interconnection reference model is an illustrative model describing how data moves from an application on the source host through a network to an application on the destination host. It is a conceptual framework developed by ISO that is now the primary model for intercomputer communications. OSI is a model only; it does not define a specific networking interface.
Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 136P To return to your previous page, click the Acrobat Go to Previous View button.packet The unit of data that is routed between the sender and destination on the Internet or other packet-switched network. When data such as an e-mail message or other file is sent over the Internet, IP on the sender divides the data into uniquely-numbered packets. The packet header contains the source and destination IP addresses. The individual packets may travel different routes. When all packets arrive at the destination, IP at that end reassembles the packets. The header and the data can vary in length. Packet and datagram are similar in meaning. packet- switched A scheme to handle transmissions on a connectionless network such as the Internet. An alternative is circuit-switched.PacketCable A CableLabs-led project to define a common platform to deliver advanced real-time multimedia services over two-way HFC cable plant. Built on DOCSIS 1.1, PacketCable networks use IP technology as the basis for a highly-capable multimedia architecture.pass-through A pass-through client on the VT2500 LAN obtains its public IP address from the cable provider DHCP server.PAT Port Address TranslationPCIPCMCIA The Personal Computer Memory Card International Association sets international standards for connecting peripherals to portable computers. Laptop computers typically have a PCMCIA slot that can hold one or two PC Cards to provide features such as Ethernet connectivity.PDA personal desktop assistantPDU A protocol data unit is a message containing operational instructions used for SNMP. The basic SNMP V2 PDU types are get-request, get-next-request, get-bulk-request, response, set-request, inform-request, and trap.Peer-to-peer network A network in which each computer is independent and can serve the others or act as a workstation. Peripherals connected to any computer networked in this fashion are available to any of the other peer computers connected.periodic ranging Ranging that is performed on an on-going basis after initial ranging has taken place.physical layer Layer 1 in the OSI architecture. It provides services to transmit bits or groups of bits over a transmission link between open systems. It entails the electrical, mechanical, and handshaking procedures. piggybacking A process that occurs when a cable modem simultaneously transmits data and requests additional bandwidth. PING A network utility that tests host reachability by sending a small packet to the host and waiting for a reply. If you PING a computer IP address and receive a reply, you know the computer is reachable over the network. It also stands for “Packet InterNet Groper.”PMD The physical media-dependent sublayer of the physical layer which transmits bits or groups of bits over particular types of transmission links between open systems. It entails the electrical, mechanical, and handshaking procedures. point-to-point Physical connection made from one point to another. POTS The “plain old telephone service” offered through the PSTN; basic analog telephone service. POTS uses the lowest 4 kHz of bandwidth on twisted pair wiring.port On a computer or other electronic device, a port is a socket or plug used to physically connect it to the network or to other devices.in TCP/IP, a port is a number from 0 to 65536 used logically by a client program to specify a server program. Ports 0 to 1024 are reserved.
Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 137Q To return to your previous page, click the Acrobat Go to Previous View button.port mirroring A feature that enables one port (source) on the VT2500 to be copied to another port (destination) to be studied. The destination mirrors the transmitted (from) or received (to) data on the source port to enable the person managing the network to monitor activity.port triggering A mechanism that allows incoming communication with specified applications. Primarily used for gaming applications.PPP Point-to-Point Protocol is used to transport other protocols, typically for simple links over serial lines. It is most commonly used to access the Internet with a dial-up modem.PPPoE Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet. A specification for connecting to the Internet with DSL modems.PPTP Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol encapsulates other protocols. It is a new technology to create VPNs developed jointly by several vendors.private IP address An IP address assigned to a computer on the VT2500 LAN by the DHCP server on the VT2500 for a specified lease time. Private IP addresses are used by the VT2500 LAN only; they are invisible to devices on the Internet. See also public IP address.protocol A formal set of rules and conventions for exchanging data. Different computer types (for example PC, UNIX, or mainframe) can communicate if they support common protocols.provisioning The process of autodiscovery or manually configuring a cable modem on the CMTS. PSTN The public switched telephone network is the traditional circuit-switched, voice-oriented telephone network. See also POTS.public IP address The IP address assigned to the VT2500 by the cable provider. A public IP address is visible to devices on the Internet. See also private IP address.QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation uses amplitude and phase modulation to encode multiple bits of data in one signaling element. QAM achieves faster data transfer than amplitude or phase modulation alone, but the signal is more prone to errors caused by noise. QAM requires a transmission circuit with a higher CNR than alternate modulation formats such as QPSK. Two types of QAM are:•16 QAM encodes four bits per symbol as one of 16 possible amplitude and phase combinations. •64 QAM encodes six bits per symbol as one of 64 possible amplitude and phase combinations.QPSK Quadrature Phase Shift Key (QPSK) modulation sends two bits of information per symbol period with one symbol 90 degrees out of phase with other symbols. The four constellation points represented by the coordinates (0,0 - 0,1 - 1,0 - 1,1) represent the four possible combinations. QoS Quality of service describes the priority, delay, throughput, and bandwidth of a connection.
Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 138R To return to your previous page, click the Acrobat Go to Previous View button.RADIUS Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service server typically used in large corporate settings.RAS Remote Access Serverregistration How a cable modem makes itself known to the CMTS. The cable modem configuration file and authorization are verified and the CoS is negotiated. return loss A measurement of the quality of the match of the device to the cable system. Return loss is the ratio of the amount of power reflected by the device. A return loss of 20 dB or greater is preferred.RF Radio Frequency — signals used by the CMTS transmitter and receiver to send data over HFC. The carrier is modulated to encode the digital data stream for transmission across the cable network. RFC Request for Comments published on the IETF or other websites. Many RFCs become international standards.RJ-11 The most common type of connector for household or office phones.RJ-45 An 8-pin modular connector; the most common connector type for 10Base-T or 100Base-T Ethernet networks. ROM read-only memoryrouter On IP networks, a device connecting at least two networks, which may or may not be similar. A router is typically located at a gateway between networks. A router operates on OSI network layer 3. It filters packets based on the IP address, examining the source and destination IP addresses to determine the best route on which to forward them. A router is often included as part of a network switch. A router can also be implemented as software on a computer.routing table A table listing available routes that is used by a router to determine the best route for a packet. RTP A protocol that enables real-time data, such as voice traffic, to be carried in packets over the Internet.RTCP A protocol for monitoring RTP performance.RTS request to send
Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 139S To return to your previous page, click the Acrobat Go to Previous View button.server In a client/server architecture, a dedicated computer that supplies files or services such as file transfer, remote login, or printing to clients.scope The set of IP addresses that a DHCP server can lease to clients.service provider A company providing cable data services to subscribers.SDP A protocol that describes multimedia sessions for the purpose of session announcement, session invitation, and other forms of multimedia initiation.SDU service data unitSID A service ID is a unique 14-bit identifier the CMTS assigns to a cable modem or gateway that identifies the traffic type it carries (for example, data or voice). The SID provides the basis for the CMTS to allocate bandwidth to the cable modem and implement CoS.SIP Session Initiation Protocol. SIP is a text-based protocol, similar to HTTP and SMTP, for initiating interactive communication sessions between users. Such sessions include voice, video, chat, interactive games, and virtual reality.SME small and medium enterpriseS-MTA Stand-Alone Multiservice Terminal Adapter. A device that converts analog voice signals to and from a standard telephone to digital data that can be transmitted through a broadband connection over the Internet. An SMTA is typically connected through Ethernet.SMTP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol is a standard Internet protocol for transferring e-mail.SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol is a standard to monitor and manage networks and network devices. Data is exchanged using PDU messages.SOHO small office home officespectrum A specified range of frequencies used for transmission of electromagnetic signals.spectrum allocation An allocation of portions of the available electromagnetic spectrum for specific services, such as AM, FM, or personal communications.splitter A device that divides the signal from an input cable between two or more cables. stateful inspection A type of firewall that tracks each connection traversing all firewall interfaces to ensure validity. In addition to examining the source and destination in the packet header based on static rules, a stateful inspection firewall:•Examines packet headers on context established by previous packets that traversed the firewall•Monitors the connection state and saves it in a table•Closes ports until a connection to a specific port is requested•May examine the packet contents up through the application layer to determine more than just the source and destinationA stateful-inspection firewall is more advanced than a static filter firewall.static filter A type of firewall that examines the source and destination in the packet header based on administrator-defined rules only.static IP address An IP address that is permanently assigned to a host. Normally, a static IP address must be assigned manually. The opposite of dynamic IP address.static route A manually-defined route.station IEEE 802.11b term for wireless client.STUN Simple Traversal of UDP through NAT - an intrusion detection system which inspects all inbound and outbound network activity.
Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 140subscriber A home or office user who accesses television, data, or other services from a cable provider. subnet mask A bit mask that is logically ANDed with the destination IP address of a packet to determine the network address. A router routes packets using the network address.subnetwork A part of a network; commonly abbreviated “subnet.” When subnetting is used, the host portion of the IP address is divided into a subnet and host number. Hosts and routers use the subnet mask to identify the bits used for the network and subnet number.switch On an Ethernet network, a switch filters frames based on the MAC address, in a manner similar to a bridge. A switch is more advanced because it can connect more than two segments. symbol rate Also known as baud rate, is a measure of the number of times per second a signal in a communications channel varies, or makes a transition between states (states being frequencies, voltage levels or phase angles). Usually measured in symbols per second (sps).SYSLOG A de-facto UNIX standard for logging system events.
Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 141T To return to your previous page, click the Acrobat Go to Previous View button.TBCP Tagged Binary Communication ProtocolTCP Transmission Control Protocol on OSI transport layer four, provides reliable transport over the network for data transmitted using IP (network layer three). It is an end-to-end protocol defining rules and procedures for data exchange between hosts on top of connectionless IP. TCP uses a timer to track outstanding packets, checks error in incoming packets, and retransmits packets if requested.TCP/IP The Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol suite provides standards and rules for data communication between networks on the Internet. It is the worldwide internetworking standard and the basic communications protocol of the Internet.Telnet The Internet standard protocol for remote terminal connection service. Telnet allows a user at one site to interact with a system at another site as if the user’s terminal were directly connected to the host computer.TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol is a very simple protocol used to transfer files. THDD Telephony Hardware Device Driver.TKIP Temporal Key Integrity Protocoltransparent bridging A method to enable all hosts on the wired Ethernet LAN, WLAN, and USB connection to communicate as if they were all connected to the same physical network.transport layer Layer of the OSI concerned with protocols for error recognition and recovery. This layer also regulates information flow.trunk Electronic path over which date is transmitted.TTL The time to live is the number of routers (or hops) a packet can traverse before being discarded. When a router processes a packet, it decreases the TTL by 1. When the TTL reaches zero, the packet is discarded. tunnel To place packets inside other packets to send over a network. The protocol of the enclosing packet is understood by each endpoint, or tunnel interface, where the packet enters and exits the network. VPNs rely on tunneling to create a secure network.Tunneling requires the following protocol types: •A carrier protocol, such as TCP, used by the network over which the data travels•An encapsulating protocol, such as IPSec, L2F, L2TP, or PPTP, that is wrapped around the original data •A passenger protocol, such as IP, for the original data two-way A cable system that can transmit signals in both directions to and from the headend and the subscriber.
Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 142U-Z To return to your previous page, click the Acrobat Go to Previous View button.UDP User Datagram Protocolunicast A point-to-point data transmission sent from one sender to one receiver. This the normal way you access websites. See also broadcast and multicast.upstream In a cable data network, upstream describes the direction of data sent from the subscriber computer through the cable modem to the CMTS and the Internet. USB Universal Serial Bus is a computer interface for add-on devices such as printers, scanners, mice, modems, or keyboards. USB supports data transfer rates of 12 Mbps and plug-and-play installation. You can connect up to 127 devices to a single USB port.UTP unshielded twisted pair (wire)VCM In a telecommunications connection, the segment of the bandwidth allocated to transmitting voice messages.VLAN A virtual local area network is group of devices on different LAN segments that are logically configured to communicate as if they are connected to the same wire.VoIP Voice over Internet Protocol is a method to exchange voice, fax, and other information over the Internet. Voice and fax have traditionally been carried over traditional telephone lines of the PSTN using a dedicated circuit for each line. VoIP enables calls to travel as discrete data packets on shared lines. VoIP is an important part of the convergence of computers, telephones, and television into a single integrated information network.VoIP Provider A company that provides voice-over internet protocol telephone service.VPN A virtual private network is a private network that uses “virtual” connections (tunnels) routed over a public network (usually the Internet) to provide a secure and fast connection; usually to users working remotely at home or in small branch offices. A VPN connection provides security and performance similar to a dedicated link (for example, a leased line), but at much lower cost.WAN A wide-area network provides a connection over a large geographic area, such as a country or the whole world. The bandwidth depends on need and cost, but is usually much lower than for a LAN.WAP Wireless access point or Wireless Access Protocol. See also access point.WECA The Wireless Ethernet Compatibility Alliance is a trade organization that works to ensure that all wireless devices — computer cards, laptops, air routers, PDAs, etc — can communicate with each other. WEP Wired Equivalent Privacy encryption protects the privacy of data transmitted over a WLAN. WEP uses keys to encrypt and decrypt transmitted data. The access point must authenticate a client before it can transfer data to another client. WEP is part of IEEE 802.11b. Because WEP can be difficult to use and does not provide very strong encryption, we recommend using WPA if possible.WiFi Wireless fidelity (pronounced y-phi) brand name applied to products supporting IEEE 802.11b.Wireless Access Point (WAP)A device that provides network connectivity to one or more client computers using radio signals over a wireless connection.Wireless Cable Modem GatewayA single device, such as the SBG9000, that combines a cable modem, router, Ethernet switch, wireless access point, and DHCP server for SOHO or SME use.Wireless Voice Gateway A single device, such as the VT2500, that rovides two telephone lines for voice-over-data, a built-in wireless access point and router, and connection to a modem.WLAN wireless LAN
Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Advanced TCP/IP Wireless VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 143world wide web An interface to the Internet that you use to navigate and hyperlink to information. WPA Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) encryption, as described on the Wi-Fi Alliance Wi-Fi Protected Access web page http://www.wifialliance.org/OpenSection/protected_access.asp). It is a far more robust form of encryption than WEP. We recommend using WPA if all of your client hardware supports WPA.
Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Gateway TCP/IP Wireless VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 144Software LicenseSOFTWARE LICENSEMotorola, Inc., Connected Home Solutions (“Motorola”) 101 Tournament Drive, Horsham, PA 19044IMPORTANT: PLEASE READ THIS SOFTWARE LICENSE (“LICENSE”) CAREFULLY BEFORE YOU INSTALL, DOWNLOAD OR USE ANY APPLICATION SOFTWARE, USB DRIVER SOFTWARE, FIRMWARE AND RELATED DOCUMENTATION (“SOFTWARE”) PROVIDED WITH MOTOROLA’S VOICE GATEWAY PRODUCT (THE “VOICE GATEWAY PRODUCT”). BY USING THE VOICE GATEWAY PRODUCT AND/OR INSTALLING, DOWNLOADING OR USING ANY OF THE SOFTWARE, YOU INDICATE YOUR ACCEPTANCE OF EACH OF THE TERMS OF THIS LICENSE. UPON ACCEPTANCE, THIS LICENSE WILL BE A LEGALLY BINDING AGREEMENT BETWEEN YOU AND MOTOROLA. THE TERMS OF THIS LICENSE APPLY TO YOU AND TO ANY SUBSEQUENT USER OF THIS SOFTWARE.IF YOU DO NOT AGREE TO ALL OF THE TERMS OF THIS LICENSE (I) DO NOT INSTALL OR USE THE SOFTWARE AND (II) RETURN THE VOICE GATEWAY PRODUCT AND THE SOFTWARE (COLLECTIVELY, “PRODUCT”), INCLUDING ALL COMPONENTS, DOCUMENTATION AND ANY OTHER MATERIALS PROVIDED WITH THE PRODUCT, TO YOUR POINT OF PURCHASE OR SERVICE PROVIDER, AS THE CASE MAY BE, FOR A FULL REFUND.The Software includes associated media, any printed materials, and any “online” or electronic documentation, as well as any updates, revisions, bug fixes, or drivers obtained by you from Motorola or your service provider. Software provided by 3rd parties may be subject to separate end-user license agreements from the manufacturers of such Software.The Software is never sold. Motorola licenses the Software to the original customer and to any subsequent licensee for personal use only on the terms of this License. Motorola and its 3rd party licensors retain the ownership of the Software. You may:USE the Software only in connection with the operation of the Product.TRANSFER the Software (including all component parts and printed materials) permanently to another person, but only if the person agrees to accept all of the terms of this License. If you transfer the Software, you must at the same time transfer the Product and all copies of the Software (if applicable) to the same person or destroy any copies not transferred.TERMINATE this License by destroying the original and all copies of the Software (if applicable) in whatever form.You may not:(1) Loan, distribute, rent, lease, give, sublicense or otherwise transfer the Software, in whole or in part, to any other person, except as permitted under the TRANSFER paragraph above. (2) Copy or translate the User Guide included with the Software, other than for personal use. (3) Copy, alter, translate, decompile, disassemble or reverse engineer the Software, including but not limited to, modifying the Software to make it operate on non-compatible hardware. (4) Remove, alter or cause not to be displayed, any copyright notices or startup message contained in the Software programs or documentation. (5) Export the Software or the Product components in violation of any United States export laws.The Product is not designed or intended for use in on-line control of aircraft, air traffic, aircraft navigation or aircraft communications; or in design, construction, operation or maintenance of any nuclear facility. MOTOROLA AND ITS 3rd PARTY LICENSORS DISCLAIM ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY OF FITNESS FOR SUCH USES. YOU REPRESENT AND WARRANT THAT YOU SHALL NOT USE THE PRODUCT FOR SUCH PURPOSES.Title to this Software, including the ownership of all copyrights, mask work rights, patents, trademarks and all other intellectual property rights subsisting in the foregoing, and all adaptations to and modifications of the foregoing shall at all times remain with Motorola and its 3rd party licensors. Motorola retains all rights not expressly licensed under this License. The Software, including any images, graphics, photographs, animation, video, audio, music and text incorporated therein is owned by Motorola or its 3rd party licensors and is protected by United States copyright laws and international treaty provisions. Except as otherwise expressly provided in this License, the copying, reproduction, distribution or preparation of derivative works of the Software, any portion of the Product or the documentation is strictly prohibited by such laws and treaty provisions. Nothing in this License constitutes a waiver of Motorola’s rights under United States copyright law.
Overview Installation Troubleshooting Contact FAQ Specifications Glossary LicenseConfiguration: Basic Gateway TCP/IP Wireless VT2400/VT2500 Series Voice Gateway User Guide 145This License and your rights regarding any matter it addresses are governed by the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, without reference to conflict of laws principles. THIS LICENSE SHALL TERMINATE AUTOMATICALLY if you fail to comply with the terms of this License.Motorola is not responsible for any 3rd party software provided as a bundled application, or otherwise, with the Software.U.S. GOVERNMENT RESTRICTED RIGHTSThe Product and documentation is provided with RESTRICTED RIGHTS. The use, duplication or disclosure by the Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subdivision (c)(1)(ii) of The Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at 52.227-7013. The contractor/manufacturer is Motorola, Inc., Connected Home Solutions, 101 Tournament Drive, Horsham, PA 19044.
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