Aerohive Networks HIVEAP320DFS 802.11a/b/g/n access point User Manual

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Aerohive Deployment Guide
For HiveAP and HiveManager Devices
Aerohive Technical Publications
Copyright Notice
Copyright © 2009 Aerohive Networks, Inc. All rights reserved.
Aerohive Networks, the Aerohive Networks logo, HiveOS, HiveAP, and HiveManager are trademarks of Aerohive
Networks, Inc. All other trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective companies.
Information in this document is subject to change without notice. No part of this document may be reproduced or
transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, for any purpose, without receiving written
permission from:
Aerohive Networks, Inc.
3150-C Coronado Drive
Santa Clara, CA 95054
P/N 330002-06, Rev. A
HIVEAP COMPLIANCE INFORMATION
The availability of some specific channels and/or operational
frequency bands are country dependent and are firmware
programmed at the factory to match the intended destination.
The firmware setting is not accessible by the end user.
• The 5 GHz Turbo Mode feature is not allowed for operation in any
European Community country. You can find the current setting for
this feature in two places. In the HiveManager GUI, click
Configuration > Network Objects> Radio Profiles > profile >
Advanced. In the HiveAP CLI, enter this command: show radio
profile profile. By default, Turbo Mode is disabled.
Declaration of Conformity in Languages
of the European Community
English
Hereby, Edgecore, declares that this Radio LAN
device is in compliance with the essential
requirements and other relevant provisions of
Directive 1999/5/EC.
Finnish
Valmistaja Edgecore vakuuttaa täten että Radio LAN
device tyyppinen laite on direktiivin 1999/5/EY
oleellisten vaatimusten ja sitä koskevien direktiivin
muiden ehtojen mukainen.
Dutch
Hierbij verklaart Edgecore dat het toestel Radio
LAN device in overeenstemming is met de
essentiële eisen en de andere relevante bepalingen
van richtlijn 1999/5/EG.
Bij deze Edgecore dat deze Radio LAN device
voldoet aan de essentiële eisen en aan de overige
relevante bepalingen van Richtlijn 1999/5/EC.
French
Swedish
Danish
German
Par la présente Edgecore déclare que cet appareil
Radio LAN est conforme aux exigences essentielles
et aux autres dispositions relatives à la directive
1999/5/CE.
Härmed intygar Edgecore att denna Radio LAN
device står I överensstämmelse med de väsentliga
egenskapskrav och övriga relevanta bestämmelser
som framgår av direktiv 1999/5/EG.
Undertegnede Edgecore erklærer herved, at
følgende udstyr Radio LAN device overholder de
væsentlige krav og øvrige relevante krav i direktiv
1999/5/EF.
Power Cord Safety
Please read the following safety information carefully before installing
a HiveAP.
Warning: Installation and removal of HiveAPs must be carried out by
qualified personnel only.
• HiveAPs must be connected to an earthed (grounded) outlet to
comply with international safety standards.
• Do not connect HiveAPs to an A.C. outlet (power supply) without
an earth (ground) connection.
• The appliance coupler (the connector to the unit and not the wall
plug) must have a configuration for mating with an EN 60320/IEC
320 appliance inlet.
• The socket outlet must be near the HiveAP and easily accessible.
You can only remove power from a HiveAP by disconnecting the
power cord from the outlet.
• HiveAPs operate under SELV (Safety Extra Low Voltage) conditions
according to IEC 60950. The conditions are only maintained if the
equipment to which they are connected also operates under SELV
conditions.
• A HiveAP receiving power through its PoE (Power over Ethernet)
interface must be in the same building as the equipment from
which it receives power.
France and Peru only:
HiveAPs cannot be powered from IT* supplies. If your supplies are of IT
type, then a HiveAP must be powered by 230 V (2P+T) via an isolation
transformer ratio 1:1, with the secondary connection point labelled
Neutral, connected directly to earth (ground).
* Impédance à la terre
Important! Before making connections, make sure you have the correct
cord set. Check it (read the label on the cable) against the description
on the following page.
Power Cord Set
U.S.A.
and Canada
Greek
Con la presente Edgecore dichiara che questo Radio
LAN device è conforme ai requisiti essenziali ed alle
altre disposizioni pertinenti stabilite dalla direttiva
1999/5/CE.
Spanish
Por medio de la presente Manufacturer declara que
el Radio LAN device cumple con los requisitos
esenciales y cualesquiera otras disposiciones
aplicables o exigibles de la Directiva 1999/5/CE.
Portuguese
Manufacturer declara que este Radio LAN device
está conforme com os requisitos essenciais e outras
disposições da Directiva 1999/5/CE.
Deployment Guide
The cord set must be UL-approved and CSA certified.
Minimum specifications for the flexible cord:
- No. 18 AWG not longer than 2 meters, or 16 AWG
- Type SV or SJ
- 3-conductor
Hiermit erklärt Edgecore, dass sich dieser/diese/
dieses Radio LAN device in Übereinstimmung mit
den grundlegenden Anforderungen und den anderen
relevanten Vorschriften der Richtlinie 1999/5/EG
befindet". (BMWi)
Hiermit erklärt Edgecore die Übereinstimmung des
Gerätes Radio LAN device mit den grundlegenden
Anforderungen und den anderen relevanten
Festlegungen der Richtlinie 1999/5/EG. (Wien)
Italian
HiveAP 20 ag Safety Compliance
The cord set must have a rated current capacity of at
least 10 A.
The attachment plug must be an earth-grounding
type with NEMA 5-15P (15 A, 125 V) or NEMA 6-15 (15
A, 250 V) configuration.
Denmark
The supply plug must comply with Section 107-2-D1,
Standard DK2-1a or DK2-5a.
Switzerland
The supply plug must comply with SEV/ASE 1011.
U.K.
The supply plug must comply with BS1363 (3-pin 13 A)
and be fitted with a 5 A fuse that complies with
BS1362.
The mains cord must be  or  marked and
be of type HO3VVF3GO.75 (minimum).
Europe
The supply plug must comply with CEE7/7
("SCHUKO").
The mains cord must be  or  marked and
be of type HO3VVF3GO.75 (minimum).
IEC-320 receptacle.
Veuillez lire attentivement les informations de sécurité relatives à
l'installation d'un point d'accès HiveAP.
HiveAP Compliance Information
Avertissement: L'installation et la dépose de points d'accès HiveAP
doivent être effectuées uniquement par un personnel qualifié.
Warnung: Die Installation und der Ausbau des Geräts darf nur durch
Fachpersonal erfolgen.
• Les points d'accès HiveAP doivent être connectés sur le secteur
par une prise électrique munie de terre (masse) afin de respecter
les standards internationaux de sécurité.
• Das Gerät sollte nicht an eine ungeerdete Wechselstromsteckdose
angeschlossen werden.
• Das Gerät muß an eine geerdete Steckdose angeschlossen werden,
welche die internationalen Sicherheitsnormen erfüllt.
• Der Gerätestecker (der Anschluß an das Gerät, nicht der
Wandsteckdosenstecker) muß einen gemäß EN 60320/IEC 320
konfigurierten Geräteeingang haben.
• Die Netzsteckdose muß in der Nähe des Geräts und leicht
zugänglich sein. Die Stromversorgung des Geräts kann nur durch
Herausziehen des Gerätenetzkabels aus der Netzsteckdose
unterbrochen werden.
• Der Betrieb dieses Geräts erfolgt unter den SELV-Bedingungen
(Sicherheitskleinstspannung) gemäß IEC 60950. Diese Bedingungen
sind nur gegeben, wenn auch die an das Gerät angeschlossenen
Geräte unter SELV-Bedingungen betrieben werden.
• Ne jamais connecter des points d'accès HiveAP à une alimentation
électrique non-pourvue de terre (masse).
• Le boitier d'alimentation (connecté directement au point d'accès)
doit être compatible avec une entrée électrique de type EN
60320/IEC 320.
• La prise secteur doit se trouver à proximité du point d'accès
HiveAP et facilement accessible. Vous ne pouvez mettre hors
tension un point d'accès HiveAP qu'en débranchant son
alimentation électrique au niveau de cette prise.
• Pour des raisons de sécurité, le point d'accès HiveAP fonctionne à
une tension extrêmement basse, conformément à la norme IEC
60950. Les conditions de sécurité sont valables uniquement si
l'équipement auquel le point d'accès HiveAP est raccordé
fonctionne également selon cette norme.
• Un point d'accès HiveAP alimenté par son interface réseau
Ethernet en mode POE (Power over Ethernet) doit être
physiquement dans le même bâtiment que l'équipement réseau
qui lui fournit l'électricité.
Stromkabel. Dies muss von dem Land, in dem es benutzt wird
geprüft werden:
U.S.A.
und
Kanada
Der Cord muß das UL gepruft und war das CSA
beglaubigt.
Das Minimum spezifikation fur der Cord sind:
France et Pérou uniquement:
- Nu. 18 AWG - nicht mehr als 2 meter, oder 16 AWG.
Un point d'accès HiveAP ne peut pas être alimenté par un dispositif à
impédance à la terre. Si vos alimentations sont du type impédance à la
terre, alors le point d'accès HiveAP doit être alimenté par une tension
de 230 V (2P+T) via un transformateur d'isolement à rapport 1:1, avec
le neutre connecté directement à la terre (masse).
- Der typ SV oder SJ
- 3-Leiter
Der Cord muß haben eine strombelastbarkeit aus
wenigstens 10 A.
Dieser Stromstecker muß hat einer erdschluss mit der
typ NEMA 5-15P (15A, 125V) oder NEMA 6-15P (15A,
250V) konfiguration.
Cordon électrique - Il doit être agréé dans le pays d'utilisation
Etats-Unis
et Canada
Le cordon doit avoir reçu l'homologation des UL et un
certificat de la CSA.
Danemark
Dieser Stromstecker muß die ebene 107-2-D1, der
standard DK2-1a oder DK2-5a Bestimmungen
einhalten.
Schweiz
Dieser Stromstecker muß die SEV/ASE
1011Bestimmungen einhalten.
Europe
Europe Das Netzkabel muß vom Typ HO3VVF3GO.75
(Mindestanforderung) sein und die Aufschrift 
oder  tragen.
Les spécifications minimales pour un cable flexible
- AWG No. 18, ou AWG No. 16 pour un cable de
longueur inférieure à 2 mètres.
- Type SV ou SJ
- 3 conducteurs
Le cordon doit être en mesure d'acheminer un
courant nominal d'au moins 10 A.
La prise femelle de branchement doit être du type à
mise à la terre (mise à la masse) et respecter la
configuration NEMA 5-15P (15 A, 125 V) ou NEMA 615P (15 A, 250 V).
Danemark
La prise mâle d'alimentation doit respecter la section
107-2 D1 de la norme DK2 1a ou DK2 5a.
Suisse
La prise mâle d'alimentation doit respecter la norme
SEV/ASE 1011.
Europe
La prise secteur doit être conforme aux normes CEE
7/7 ("SCHUKO").
Der Netzstecker muß die Norm CEE 7/7 erfüllen
("SCHUKO").
LE cordon secteur doit porter la mention  ou
 et doit être de type HO3VVF3GO.75
(minimum).
Bitte unbedingt vor dem Einbauen des HiveAP die folgenden
Sicherheitsanweisungen durchlesen.
Liability Disclaimer
Installation of Aerohive equipment must comply with local and national electrical codes and with other regulations governing this type of installation.
Aerohive Networks, its channel partners, resellers, and distributors assume no liability for personal injury, property damage, or violation of
government regulations that may arise from failing to comply with the instructions in this guide and appropriate electrical codes.
Aerohive
Chapter 2
The HiveAP 20 ag Platform
The Aerohive HiveAP 20 ag is a new generation wireless access point. HiveAPs have the unique ability to
self-organize and coordinate with each other, creating a distributed-control WLAN solution that offers greater
mobility, security, quality of service, and radio control.
This guide combines product information, installation instructions, and configuration examples for both the HiveAP
and HiveManager platforms. This chapter covers the following topics relating to the HiveAP:
•
"HiveAP 20 Product Overview" on page 26
•
"Ethernet and Console Ports" on page 28
•
"Status LEDs" on page 29
•
"Antennas" on page 30
•
"Mounting the HiveAP 20" on page 31
•
"Device, Power, and Environmental Specifications" on page 33
Deployment Guide
25
Chapter 2 The HiveAP 20 ag Platform
HIVEAP 20 PRODUCT OVERVIEW
The HiveAP 20 ag is a multi-channel wireless AP (access point). It is compatible with IEEE 802.11b/g (2.4 GHz) and
IEEE 802.11a (5 GHz) standards and supports a variety of Wi-Fi (wireless fidelity) security protocols, including WPA
(Wi-Fi Protected Access) and WPA2.
You can see the hardware components on the HiveAP in Figure 1. Each component is described in Table 1.
Figure 1 HiveAP 20 Hardware Components
Fixed Dual-Band Antennas
Status LEDs
RP-SMA
Connector for
802.11a
Radio Antenna
Power
Connector
Mounting
Screw
Reset
Button
Console
Port
Device
Lock Slot
RP-SMA
Connector for
802.11b/g
Radio Antenna
10/100 Mbps
Power-overEthernet Port
Connectors for Detachable Single-Band Antennas
Table 1
HiveAP 20 Component Descriptions
Component
Description
Fixed Dual-Band Antennas
The two fixed omnidirectional dipole antennas can operate at two radio
frequencies: 2.4 GHz (for IEEE 802.11b/g) and 5 GHz (for IEEE 802.11a). For
details, see "Antennas" on page 30.
Status LEDs
The status LEDs convey operational states for system power, and the LAN,
Access, and Mesh interfaces. For details, see "Status LEDs" on page 29.
802.11a RP-SMA Connector
You can connect a detachable single-band antenna, such as the Pulse W1028
dipole antenna for the 5 GHz band, to the male 802.11a RP-SMA (reverse
polarity-subminiature version A) connector. Note that doing so disables the
adjacent fixed antenna.
26
Aerohive
HIVEAP 20 PRODUCT OVERVIEW
Component
Description
Power Connector
The 48-volt DC power connector (0.38 amps) is one of two methods through
which you can power the HiveAP 20. To connect it to a 100 – 240-volt AC
power source, use the AC/DC power adaptor that is available as an extra
option. Because the HiveAP does not have an on/off switch, connecting it to a
power source automatically powers on the device.
Mounting Screw
To mount the HiveAP 20 on a surface, attach the mounting plate that ships
with the product to the HiveAP by inserting the two pins on the underside of
the chassis into slots in the plate and tightening the mounting screw. For
details, see "Mounting the HiveAP 20" on page 31.
10/100 Mbps PoE Port
The 10/100-Mbps Ethernet port supports IEEE 802.3af PoE (Power over
Ethernet) and receives RJ-45 connectors. The HiveAP can receive its power
through an Ethernet connection to PSE (power sourcing equipment) that is
802.3af-compatible, such as one of the PoE injectors available as an optional
accessory from Aerohive. (If you connect the HiveAP to a power source
through the power connector and PoE port simultaneously, the device draws
power through the power connector and automatically disables PoE.)
The HiveAP can also connect to the wired network or to a wired device (such
as a security camera) through this port. It is compatible with
10/100Base-T/TX and automatically negotiates half- and full-duplex
connections with the connecting device. It is autosensing and adjusts to
straight-through and cross-over Ethernet cables automatically. It also
automatically adjusts for 802.3af Alternative A and B methods of PoE. For
details, see "Ethernet and Console Ports" on page 28.
Reset Button
The reset button allows you to reboot the device or reset the HiveAP to its
factory default settings. Insert a paper clip, or something similar, into the
Reset pinhole and press the reset button. To reboot the device, hold the
button down between 1 and 5 seconds. To return the configuration to the
factory default settings, hold it down for at least 5 seconds. After releasing
the button, the Power LED goes dark, and then glows steady amber while the
firmware loads and the system performs a self-test. After the software
finishes loading, the Power LED glows steady green.
To disable the reset button from resetting the configuration, enter this
command: no reset-button reset-config-enable Pressing the
button between 1 and 5 seconds will still reboot the HiveAP, but pressing it for
more than 5 seconds will not reset its configuration.
Console Port
A male DB-9 serial port to which you can make a console connection using an
RS-232 (or "null modem") cable. The management station from which you
make a serial connection to the HiveAP must have a VT100 emulation
program, such as Tera Term Pro© (a free terminal emulator) or Hilgraeve
Hyperterminal® (provided with Windows® operating systems). The following
are the serial connection settings: bits per second: 9600, data bits: 8, parity:
none, stop bits: 1, flow control: none.
Device Lock Slot
You can physically secure the HiveAP by attaching a lock and cable (such as a
Kensington® notebook lock) to the device lock slot. After looping the cable
around a secure object, insert the T-bar component of the lock into the slot
on the HiveAP and turn the key to engage the lock mechanism.
802.11b/g RP-SMA Connector
You can connect a detachable single-band antenna, such as the Pulse W1038
dipole antenna for the 2.4 GHz band, to the male 802.11b/g RP-SMA
connector. Note that doing so disables the adjacent fixed antenna.
Deployment Guide
27
Chapter 2 The HiveAP 20 ag Platform
Ethernet and Console Ports
There are two ports on the HiveAP 20: a 10/100Base-T/TX Ethernet port and a male DB-9 console port. Both ports
use standard pin assignments.
The pin assignments in the PoE (Power over Ethernet) Ethernet port follow the TIA/EIA-568-B standard (see
Figure 2). The PoE port accepts standard types of Ethernet cable—cat3, cat5, cat5e, or cat6—and can receive power
over this cable from power sourcing equipment (PSE) that is 802.3af-compatible. Such equipment can be embedded
in a switch or router, or it can come from purpose-built devices that inject power into the Ethernet line en route to
the HiveAP. Because the PoE port has autosensing capabilities, the wiring termination in the Ethernet cable can be
either straight-through or cross-over.
Figure 2 PoE Wire Usage and Pin Assignments
802.3af Alternative A 802.3af Alternative B
(Data and Power on
(Data and Power on
the Same Wires)
Separate Wires)
Pin Numbers
(View of the PoE port
on the HiveAP)
Pin
Data Signal
MDI
MDI-X
MDI or MDI-X
Transmit +
DC+
DC–
–––
Transmit -
DC+
DC–
–––
Receive +
DC–
DC+
–––
(unused)
–––
–––
DC+
(unused)
–––
–––
DC+
Receive -
DC–
DC+
–––
(unused)
–––
–––
DC–
(unused)
–––
–––
DC–
MDI = Medium dependent interface for straight-through connections
MDI-X = Medium dependent interface for cross-over (X) connections
The PoE port is auto-sensing and can automatically adjust to transmit and receive data over straight-through or cross-over Ethernet
connections. Likewise, it can automatically adjust to 802.3af Alternative A and B power delivery methods. Furthermore, when the
Alternative A method is used, the PoE port automatically allows for polarity reversals depending on its role as either MDI or MDI-X.
T568A-Terminated Ethernet Cable
with an RJ-45 Connector
T568B -terminated Ethernet Cable
with an RJ-45 Connector
28
Pin
T568A Wire Color
White/Green
Green
White/Orange
Blue
White/Blue
Orange
White/Brown
Brown
Pin
T568B Wire Color
White/Orange
Orange
White/Green
Blue
White/Blue
Green
White/Brown
Brown
T568A and T568B are two standard
wiring termination schemes. Note that
the only difference between them is
that the white/green + solid green pair
of wires and the white/orange + solid
orange pair are reversed.
For straight-through Ethernet
cables—using either the T568A or
T568B standard—the eight wires
terminate at the same pins on each
end.
For cross-over Ethernet cables, the
wires terminate at one end according
to the T568A standard and at the
other according to T568B.
Aerohive
HIVEAP 20 PRODUCT OVERVIEW
The pin assignments in the male DB-9 console port follow the EIA (Electronic Industries Alliance) RS-232 standard. To
make a serial connection between your management system and the console port on the HiveAP, you can use a null
modem serial cable, use another serial cable that complies with the RS-232 standard, or refer to the pin-to-signal
mapping shown in Figure 3 to make your own serial cable. Connect one end of the cable to the console port on the
HiveAP and the other end to the serial (or COM) port on your management system. The management system must
have a VT100 terminal emulation program, such as Tera Term Pro© (a free terminal emulator) or Hilgraeve
Hyperterminal® (provided with Windows® operating systems).
Figure 3 Console Port Pin Assignments
RS-232 Standard Pin Assignments
Male DB-9 Console Port
Pin
(View of the console
port on the HiveAP)
Signal
Direction
DCD (Data Carrier Detect)
(unused)
RXD (Received Data)
Input
TXD (Transmitted Data)
Output
DTR (Data Terminal Ready)
(unused)
Ground
Ground
DSR (Data Set Ready)
(unused)
RTS (Request to Send)
(unused)
CTS (Clear to Send)
(unused)
RI (Ring Indicator)
(unused)
The above pin assignments show a DTE (data terminal equipment)
configuration for a DB-9 connector complying with the RS-232 standard.
Because this is a console port, only pins 2, 3, and 5 need be used.
Status LEDs
The four status LEDs on the top of the HiveAP 20 indicate various states of activity through their color (dark, green,
amber) and illumination patterns (steady glow or blinking). The meanings of the various color + illumination
patterns for each LED are explained below.
Power
•
•
•
Dark: No power
Steady green: Powered on and the firmware is running normally
Steady amber: Firmware is booting up or is being updated
•
Blinking amber: Alarm indicating firmware failure
LAN
• Dark: Ethernet link is down or disabled
• Steady green: Ethernet link is up but inactive
• Blinking green: Ethernet link is up and active
Access
•
•
•
Mesh
•
•
•
•
Dark: Wireless link is disabled
Steady green: Wireless link is up but inactive
Blinking green: Wireless link is up and active
Dark: Wireless link is disabled
Steady green: Wireless link is up but inactive
Blinking green (fast): Wireless link is up and the HiveAP is searching for other hive members
Blinking green (slowly): Wireless link is up and active
Deployment Guide
29
Chapter 2 The HiveAP 20 ag Platform
Antennas
The HiveAP 20 includes two fixed dual-band antennas with 3-dBi gains. These antennas are omnidirectional,
providing fairly equal coverage in all directions in a toroidal (donut-shaped) pattern around each antenna. When the
antennas are vertically positioned, coverage expands primarily on the horizontal plane, extending horizontally much
more than vertically. See Figure 4, which shows the toroidal pattern emanating from a single vertically positioned
antenna. To change coverage to be more vertical than horizontal, position the antennas horizontally. You can also
resize the area of coverage by increasing or decreasing the signal strength.
Figure 4 Omnidirectional Radiation Pattern
HiveAP
The omnidirectional antennas
radiate equally in all directions,
forming a toroidal pattern.
Note: To show the shape of radiation more clearly,
this illustration depicts the coverage provided by
only one active antenna and is not drawn to scale.
The pair of fixed dual-band antennas operate concurrently in two different frequency ranges: 2.4 GHz (IEEE
802.11b/g) and 5 GHz (IEEE 802.11a). Using two different frequency ranges reduces the probability of interference
that can occur when numerous channels operate within the same range. Conceptually, the relationship of antennas
and radios is shown in Figure 5.
Figure 5 Antennas and Radios
RP-SMA Connectors
Antenna
Switch 1
Antenna
Switch 2
802.11a/b/g
Dual-Band
Fixed
Antenna
802.11a/b/g
Dual-Band
Fixed
Antenna
Radio 1
RF 802.11b/g
2.4 GHz
Radio 2
RF 802.11a
5 GHz
Cut-away view of the HiveAP to show the relationship
of the antennas and the two internal radios.
If you connect an external antenna to an RP-SMA connector, you must enter the following command to move the
appropriate interface from the adjacent fixed antenna to the external antenna:
interface interface radio antenna external
30
Aerohive
MOUNTING THE HIVEAP 20
The wifi0 interface links to radio 1 (frequency range = 2.4 GHz for IEEE 802.11b/g), and the wifi1 interface links to
radio 2 (frequency range = 5 GHz for IEEE 802.11a). These interface-to-radio relationships are permanent. However,
the interface-to-antenna relationships can be shifted. In other words, you can change which antenna—fixed or
external—the wifi0 and wifi1 interfaces use. For example, to link the wifi0 interface to an external antenna
connected to the 802.11b/g RP-SMA connector (for radio 1), enter the following command:
interface wifi0 radio antenna external
If you do not enter this command, the wifi0 interface and all its subinterfaces (wifi0.1, wifi0.2, wifi0.3 … wifi0.7)
continue to use both fixed antennas.
Note: After entering the above command, the radio to which you attached the external antenna uses the
external antenna and the fixed antenna on the opposite side of the HiveAP. Attaching an external antenna
only disconnects the adjacent fixed antenna. Note the two antenna switches shown in Figure 5 on page 30.
To unlink the wifi0 interface from the external antenna and return it to the fixed antennas, enter this command:
interface wifi0 radio antenna internal
MOUNTING THE HIVEAP 20
Using the mounting plate and track clip, you can mount the HiveAP 20 to the tracks of a dropped ceiling grid. Using
just the mounting plate, you can mount the HiveAP to any surface that can support its weight (1.5 lb., 0.68 kg).
Ceiling Mount
To mount the HiveAP 20 to a track in a dropped ceiling, you need the mounting plate, track clip, and two cross-head
screws that ship with the track clip. You also need a cross-head screw driver and—most likely—a ladder.
Attach the track clip to the mounting plate, and then attach the clip-plate combination to the HiveAP 20, as shown
in Figure 6.
Figure 6 Attaching the HiveAP 20 to the Mounting Plate and Track Clip
Align the two projecting posts on the underside of
the track clip with holes in the mounting plate.
Using the two cross-head screws that ship with the
track clip, fasten the mounting plate to the track clip.
Insert the pins on the underside of the HiveAP
into the two slots in the mounting plate.
Use the mounting screw to secure the HiveAP
to the plate.
Deployment Guide
31
Chapter 2 The HiveAP 20 ag Platform
Nudge the ceiling tiles slightly away from the track to clear some space. Then attach the track clip to the ceiling
track as shown in Figure 7. When done, adjust the ceiling tiles back into their former position.
Figure 7 Attaching the HiveAP to a Dropped Ceiling Track
Press the track clip against the ceiling track so
that the the track contacts the two pressure tabs
and pushes them flush with the track clip.
Rotate the HiveAP and the mounting
accessories attached to it until the two
clipping tabs grip the ceiling track.
(bird’s eye view
with ceiling tiles
removed for clarity)
Surface Mount
You can use the mounting plate to attach the HiveAP 20 to any surface that supports its weight, and to which you
can screw or nail the plate. First, mount the plate to the surface, and then attach the device to the plate, as shown
in Figure 8.
Figure 8 Mounting the HiveAP on a Wall
With the two wings at the sides of the plate extending
away from the surface, attach the mounting plate to a
secure object such as a wall, ceiling, post, or beam.
Use the mounting screw
to secure the HiveAP 20
to the plate.
Insert the pins on the underside of
the HiveAP 20 into the two slots.
Note: There are a variety of holes through which you can
screw or nail the plate in place. Choose the two or three
that best suit the object to which you are attaching it.
32
Aerohive
DEVICE, POWER, AND ENVIRONMENTAL SPECIFICATIONS
DEVICE, POWER, AND ENVIRONMENTAL SPECIFICATIONS
Understanding the range of specifications for the HiveAP 20 is necessary for optimal deployment and device
operation. The following specifications describe the physical features and hardware components, the power adapter
and PoE (Power over Ethernet) electrical requirements, and the temperature and humidity ranges in which the
device can operate.
Device Specifications
•
Chassis dimensions: 8 1/4" W x 1" H x 4 15/16" D (21 cm W x 2.5 cm H x 12.5 cm D)
•
Weight: 1.5 lb. (0.68 kg)
•
Antennas: Two fixed dual-band 802.11a/b/g antennas, and two RP-SMA connectors for detachable single-band
802.11a or 802.11b/g antennas
•
Serial port: DB-9 (bits per second: 9600, data bits: 8, parity: none, stop bits: 1, flow control: none)
•
Ethernet port: autosensing 10/100Base-T/TX Mbps, with IEEE 802.3af-compliant PoE (Power over Ethernet)
Power Specifications
•
AC/DC power adapter:
•
Input:100 – 240 VAC
•
Output: 48V/0.38A
•
PoE nominal input voltages: 48 V, 0.35A
•
RJ-45 power input pins: Wires 4, 5, 7, 8 or 1, 2, 3, 6
Environmental Specifications
•
Operating temperature: 32 to 122 degrees F (0 to 50 degrees C)
•
Storage temperature: -4 to 158 degrees F (-20 to 70 degrees C)
•
Relative Humidity: Maximum 95%
Deployment Guide
33
Chapter 2 The HiveAP 20 ag Platform
34
Aerohive
Chapter 3
The HiveAP 28 Outdoor Platform
The Aerohive HiveAP 28 is a new generation wireless access point that is customized for outdoor use. It is mountable
in any direction and on any hard surface, post, or wire strand. It can receive power either through an Ethernet cable
or power cord.
Note: Do not open the HiveAP 28 chassis. There are no serviceable parts inside.
This guide combines product information, installation instructions, and configuration examples for both the HiveAP
and HiveManager platforms. This chapter covers the following topics relating to the HiveAP 28:
•
•
•
"HiveAP 28 Product Overview" on page 36
•
"Ethernet Port" on page 37
•
"Power Connector" on page 38
•
"Antennas" on page 39
"Mounting the HiveAP 28 and Attaching Antennas" on page 40
•
"Pole Mount" on page 41
•
"Strand Mount" on page 42
•
"Surface Mount" on page 43
•
"Attaching Antennas" on page 44
"Device, Power, and Environmental Specifications" on page 46
Deployment Guide
35
Chapter 3 The HiveAP 28 Outdoor Platform
HIVEAP 28 PRODUCT OVERVIEW
The HiveAP 28 is a multi-channel wireless AP (access point) for outdoor use. It is compatible with IEEE 802.11b/g
(2.4 GHz) and IEEE 802.11a (5 GHz) standards and supports a variety of Wi-Fi (wireless fidelity) security protocols,
including WPA (Wi-Fi Protected Access) and WPA2.
You can see the hardware components on the HiveAP 28 in Figure 1. Each component is described in Table 1.
Figure 1 HiveAP 28 Hardware Components
Power
Connector
5 GHz
For the 802.11a
Radio Antenna
Table 1
FCC Compliance Label
(Plus model, serial number, MAC
address, and FCC ID number)
10/100 Mbps
Power-overEthernet Port
2.4 GHz
For the 802.11b/g
Radio Antenna
5 GHz
Type N female connectors for
detachable single-band antennas
For the 802.11a
Radio Antenna
2.4 GHz
For the 802.11b/g
Radio Antenna
802.11a Main Antenna (5 GHz)
802.11b/g Main Antenna (2.4 GHz)
802.11b/g Auxiliary Antenna (2.4 GHz)
802.11a Auxiliary Antenna (5 GHz)
HiveAP 28 Component Descriptions
Component
Description
Detachable Single-Band Antennas
The two pairs of detachable omnidirectional dipole antennas operate at
two radio frequencies: one pair at 2.4 GHz (for IEEE 802.11b/g) and the
other at 5 GHz (for IEEE 802.11a). For details, see "Antennas" on page 39.
Type N Connectors (Female)
Attach antennas to the HiveAP 28 through these connectors. For details,
see "Attaching Antennas" on page 44.
Waterproof Power Connector
Using the power connector is one of two methods through which you can
power the HiveAP 28. To connect it to a 100 – 240-volt AC power source,
use the power cable that ships with the product as an extra option.
Because the HiveAP does not have an on/off switch, connecting it to a
power source automatically powers on the device. The power source
must have a readily accessible service disconnect switch incorporated
into the fixed wiring installation so that you have the ability to turn the
power on and off. (The other method that the HiveAP can obtain power is
through its PoE port.)
36
Aerohive
HIVEAP 28 PRODUCT OVERVIEW
Component
Description
10/100 Mbps PoE Port
The 10/100-Mbps Ethernet port supports IEEE 802.3af PoE (Power over
Ethernet) and receives RJ-45 connectors. The HiveAP can receive its
power through an Ethernet connection to PSE (power sourcing
equipment) that is 802.3af-compatible, such as one of the PoE injectors
available as an optional accessory from Aerohive. (If you connect the
HiveAP to a power source through the power connector and PoE port
simultaneously, the device draws power through the power connector and
automatically disables PoE.)
The HiveAP 28 can also connect to the wired network or to a wired device
(such as a security camera) through this port. It is compatible with
10/100Base-T/TX and automatically negotiates half- and full-duplex
connections with the connecting device. It is autosensing and adjusts to
straight-through and cross-over Ethernet cables automatically
(MDI/MDI-X). It also automatically adjusts for 802.3af Alternative A and B
methods of PoE. For details, see "Ethernet Port".
Ethernet Port
The HiveAP 28 has a 10/100Base-T/TX PoE (Power over Ethernet) port. Its pin assignments follow the TIA/EIA-568-B
standard (see Figure 2 on page 28). The PoE port accepts standard types of Ethernet cable—cat3, cat5, cat5e, or
cat6—and can receive power over this cable from power sourcing equipment (PSE) that is 802.3af-compatible. Such
equipment can be embedded in a switch or router, or it can come from purpose-built devices that inject power into
the Ethernet line en route to the HiveAP. Because the PoE port has autosensing capabilities, the wiring termination
in the Ethernet cable can be either straight-through or cross-over (MDI/MDI-X). For outdoor deployments use
weatherproofed shielded twisted pair (STP) Ethernet cables.
To ensure a waterproof seal for the Ethernet connection, use the RJ-45 connector assembly, which comes in three
parts: a compression nut, end cap, and gasket.
Figure 2 Connecting the Ethernet Cable
Slide the Ethernet cable through the two
halves of the waterproof RJ-45 connector
assembly, screw the halves loosely together,
and then plug the cable into the Ethernet port.
Compression Nut
End Cap
Gasket
(inside)
Tighten the compression nut
into the Ethernet port housing
on the chassis.
Tighten the end cap until
the gasket is squeezed out
the opening and forms a
watertight seal around the
cable.
Gasket
(squeezed out)
1. Insert one end of the Ethernet cable through the waterproof RJ-45 connector assembly and plug the cable into
the Ethernet port.
2. Tighten the compression nut by twisting it clockwise into the Ethernet port housing on the chassis.
3. Tighten the end cap by twisting it clockwise onto the compression nut and tighten until the rubber gasket
emerges and wraps itself around the Ethernet cable.
The Ethernet connection is now sealed and waterproof.
Deployment Guide
37
Chapter 3 The HiveAP 28 Outdoor Platform
4. Connect the other end of the Ethernet cable to PSE (power sourcing equipment) such as a power injector if the
HiveAP 28 receives power through PoE, or directly to a network device such as a switch if it receives power
through a power cord.
Note: To prevent damage to the HiveAP 28 or power injector when using PoE to provide power, connect the
Ethernet cable from the power injector to the HiveAP 28, and connect the injector to a power jack
before applying power.
If the Ethernet cable connects the HiveAP to another device that is indoors, you must install appropriate
lightning protection at the point before it enters the building. Failing to do so might cause damage to the
equipment as well as serious injury or death.
Note: When the HiveAP acts as a mesh point and does not use the Ethernet port, cover the Ethernet port with a
connector cap to prevent water intrusion and possible safety hazards.
Power Connector
The HiveAP 28 can receive power through an Ethernet cable using PoE or through a power cord. Aerohive
recommends using either PoE or wiring the power cord directly to a 100 – 240-volt AC power source. Only plug the
power cord into an electric outlet when configuring the device before deployment or when testing it in the lab.
Note: When the HiveAP receives power through PoE, cover the power connector with a connector cap to prevent
water intrusion and possible safety hazards.
To connect the power cord to the HiveAP 28:
1. Align the slot in the power cord plug with the small tab at the top of the three-pin power connector, and slide
the plug firmly over the pins until it is fully seated in the power connector.
2. Slide the cover over the connector and tighten it by turning the cover clockwise.
3. Install a lightning protector between the HiveAP 28 and its power source.
4. When possible, run the cord through a conduit to protect it from the elements. Where the cord is exposed,
allow enough slack in it to create a drip loop. Leaving some slack in the cord lets water run away from the
connections at each end. Use only a weatherproof power cord, such as the cord that ships with the HiveAP 28.
5. Strip the other end of the power cord and wire it directly to a power source, such as a junction box that has a
service disconnect switch that you can use to turn the power on and off. Also, because the HiveAP 28 does not
have short-circuit (over current) protection built into it, it relies on the protection provided by the power
source to which you connect it. Ensure that the protective device, such as a circuit breaker, is not rated greater
than 15A. Furthermore, if you need to install the HiveAP 28 in a wet or damp location, the AC branch circuit
that is powering it must be provided with ground fault protection (GFCI), as required by Article 210 of the
National Electrical Code (NEC).
Note: The HiveAP 28 must be grounded. Do not operate it unless there is a suitably installed ground
conductor. Contact the appropriate electrical inspection authority or an electrician if you are
uncertain that suitable grounding is available.
38
Aerohive
HIVEAP 28 PRODUCT OVERVIEW
Antennas
The HiveAP 28 includes two detachable single-band antennas with 8dBi gains (802.11b/g) and two detachable
single-band antennas with 10dBi gains (802.11a). These antennas are omnidirectional, providing fairly equal
coverage in all directions in a toroidal (donut-shaped) pattern around each antenna. When the antennas are
vertically positioned, coverage expands primarily on the horizontal plane, extending horizontally much more than
vertically. See Figure 3, which shows the toroidal pattern emanating from a single vertically positioned antenna.
Note that when high gain antennas are added, the torus shape becomes somewhat elongated or compressed. If the
HiveAP 28 is mounted higher than 20 feet the center of the torus curves inward so that the connection quality,
directly underneath the center of the HiveAP 28, becomes compromised.
To change coverage to be more vertical than horizontal, position the HiveAP so that the antennas are on a
horizontal plane. You can also resize the area of coverage by increasing or decreasing the signal strength.
Figure 3 Omnidirectional Radiation Pattern
HiveAP
The omnidirectional antennas
radiate equally in all directions,
forming a toroidal pattern.
Note: To show the shape of radiation more clearly,
this illustration depicts the coverage provided by
only one active antenna and is not drawn to scale.
The pairs of antennas operate concurrently in two different frequency ranges: 2.4 GHz (IEEE 802.11b/g) and 5 GHz
(IEEE 802.11a). Using two different frequency ranges reduces the probability of interference that can occur when
numerous channels operate within the same range. Conceptually, the relationship of antennas and radios is shown in
Figure 4. (For information about attaching the antennas to the HiveAP 28, see "Attaching Antennas" on page 44.)
Figure 4 Antennas and Radios
802.11b/g Main Antenna
802.11a Main Antenna
802.11a Auxiliary Antenna
802.11b/g Auxiliary Antenna
Radio 1
RF 802.11b/g
2.4 GHz
The two 802.11b/g antennas link internally to Radio 1
and broadcast in the 2.4 GHz frequency range.
Radio 2
RF 802.11a
5 GHz
The two 802.11a antennas link internally to Radio 2
and broadcast in the 5 GHz frequency range.
Note: The HiveAP 20 uses the interface interface radio antenna external command to enable an
external antenna attached to it. Entering this command on the HiveAP 28 disables the antenna on the
opposite side of the device from the radio to which the interface is linked and results in a loss of diversity.
Deployment Guide
39
Chapter 3 The HiveAP 28 Outdoor Platform
MOUNTING THE HIVEAP 28 AND ATTACHING ANTENNAS
Using the mounting accessories (available separately) you can mount the HiveAP in various locations:
•
"Pole Mount" on page 41 – Mount the HiveAP 28 on a pole such as a street light.
•
"Strand Mount" on page 42 – Suspend the HiveAP 28 from a cable or phone line.
•
"Surface Mount" on page 43 – Mount the HiveAP 28 on a flat surface such as a wall or beam.
You can mount the HiveAP 28 in any of these locations as long as the object to which you mount it and the attaching
screws can support its weight (9 lbs., 4.08 kg).
After mounting the HiveAP 28, attach the antennas as explained in "Attaching Antennas" on page 44.
Before you mount the HiveAP 28 and attach antennas, read the following warnings and cautions:
40
•
To install the HiveAP 28, you must be a qualified installation professional, licensed or certified in
accordance with local regulations.
•
Use lightning arrestors and ground both the HiveAP 28 and any separately mounted antennas.
•
Do not connect or disconnect antennas or cables from the HiveAP 28 during periods of lightning activity.
•
If you need to place the HiveAP 28 in an explosive environment, such as in an oil refinery, mine, or any
place where there is flammable gas, it must first be encased in an ATEX enclosure.
•
To comply with RF (radio frequency) exposure limits, do not place antennas within 6.56 feet (2 meters) of
people.
•
Do not locate antennas near overhead power lines or other electric light or power circuits, or where they
can come into contact with such circuits. When installing antennas, take extreme care not to come into
contact with these circuits, which might cause serious injury or death. For proper installation and grounding
of the antenna, refer to national and local electrical codes: NFPA (National Fire Protection Association) 70,
National Electrical Code Article 810 (U.S.); Canadian Electrical Code, Part I, CSA 22.1 and Section 54
(Canada); and if local or national electrical codes are not available, refer to IEC (International
Electrotechnical Commission) 364, Part 1 through 7 (other countries).
•
To prevent damage, avoid over-tightening the connectors, nuts, and screws used to mount the HiveAP 28
and antennas.
Aerohive
MOUNTING THE HIVEAP 28 AND ATTACHING ANTENNAS
Pole Mount
To mount the HiveAP 28 to a pole with a 1.5-inch diameter, you need two sets of the L-shaped brackets, two 2"
U-bolts, saddle clamps, and the nuts, bolts, and washers shown in Figure 5. You also need a wrench to tighten the
nuts and bolts securely.
Figure 5 Attaching the HiveAP 28 to a Pole
Bird’s-Eye View
5/16-18 Nuts
Use the 1/4-20 bolts and split
washers to attach the shorter end of
the L-shaped bracket to holes in the
underside of the HiveAP 28.
Split Washers
5 GHz
L-Shaped Bracket
Saddle Clamp
Vertical Pole
(1.5” diameter)
2” U-Bolt
Thread the split washers and
5/16-18 nuts over the ends of the
U-bolt and tighten until the bracket
assembly and device are secured to
the pole.
2.4 GHz
Slip the U-bolt around the pole and
thread its ends through the saddle
clamp and L-shaped bracket.
1/4-20 Bolts
and
Split Washers
Note: For clarity, only one post mounting
set is shown in the illustration. You also
need to use a second set to finish mounting
the HiveAP on a pole.
Side view of the
HiveAP 28
mounted to a
street light
1. Align two of the holes in the shorter end of the bracket with two of the holes in the HiveAP, insert the two bolts
through the washers and bracket, and screw them into the holes in the HiveAP 28 chassis, using a wrench to
tighten the bolts so that the bracket is securely attached.
Note: Repeat this step to attach the other bracket to the HiveAP. However, this time, place the long end of
the bracket in the opposite direction of the first one for better stability. For example, if you attached
the first bracket with its long end positioned toward the outside edge of the device, install this second
bracket with the long end of the bracket toward the middle.
2. Holding a saddle clamp against the inside of the long end of one of the L-shaped brackets, slip a U-bolt around
the pole and thread it through the two holes in the saddle clamp and L-shaped bracket.
Note: One of the holes in the bracket is arc-shaped so that you can adjust the angle of the mounted device if
necessary.
3. Thread a split washer and 5/16-18 nut to each end of the U-bolt, and tighten them with a wrench to secure the
U-bolt firmly to the pole.
Note: Repeat steps 2 and 3 to attach the other U-bolt and saddle clamp to the remaining L-shaped bracket
and secure the HiveAP 28 to the pole.
Deployment Guide
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Chapter 3 The HiveAP 28 Outdoor Platform
Strand Mount
The HiveAP 28 outdoor platform can also be mounted on a cable or strand of wire as shown in Figure 6. When
mounted on a wire strand, use 90-degree N type adapters (not included) to orient the antennas vertically. If you do
not use the adapters and orient the antennas horizontally, the area covered will be far less.
Figure 6 Clamping the HiveAP 28 to a Wire Strand
End View
1/4-20 Bolt
Side View
Split Washer
Strand Clamp
Strand
90-Degree
Type N Adapter
5 GHz
90-Degree
Type N Adapter
2.4 GHz
Position the HiveAP 28 so that
its long side is directly beneath
a cable or wire strand.
2.4 GHz Antennas
Place the strand clamps over the
wire, and bolt the clamps tightly to
the chassis around the strand.
Attach 90-degree type N adapters to the
2.4 GHz antenna connectors so that the
adapters face downward, and then
attach the antennas to the adapters
Note: For clarity, only one bolt, washer,
and strand clamp are shown in the
illustration on the left. You also need to use
a second set of these items to finish
clamping the HiveAP to a wire strand.
Side view of the
HiveAP 28 mounted
on a cable strand
To mount the HiveAP 28 on a wire or strand, you need a wrench and two 1/4-20 bolts, split washers, strand clamps,
and 90-degree type N adapters. In the following instructions, you use only the 2.4 GHz antennas.
1. Position the HiveAP 28 so that its long side (with three holes at each end) is underneath a cable or wire strand
running lengthwise along the upper side of the chassis (for the proper orientation, see the inset in Figure 6).
2. Place the strand clamp over the wire and use the 1/4-20 bolt and split washer to secure the strand between the
clamp and chassis.
Note: Repeat the preceding steps to fasten the other end of the HiveAP 28 to the cable or wire strand.
3. Attach the 90-degree type N adapters to the two 2.4 GHz antenna connectors and then attach the antennas to
the adapters so that the antennas face downward. For details, see "Attaching Antennas" on page 44.
42
Aerohive
MOUNTING THE HIVEAP 28 AND ATTACHING ANTENNAS
Surface Mount
You can use the mounting plate to attach the HiveAP 28 to any surface that supports its weight (9 lbs., 4.08 kg), and
to which you can screw or nail the plate. First, mount the plate to the HiveAP 28, and then attach the plate to the
surface, as shown in Figure 7. Note that the screw heads that you attach to the wall or surface must be small
enough for the keyholes on the mounting plate to slip over them.
Note: Because the metal in a wall can degrade the radio signal pattern, Aerohive recommends using sector
antennas instead of omnidirectional antennas when mounting the device on a wall.
Figure 7 Mounting the HiveAP 28 on a Wall
With the ridged edge of the holes on the
mounting plates facing the HiveAP 28, use
1/4-20 x 1/2 inch screws to secure the two
mounting plates to its underside.
Attach four screws to a secure object
such as a wall or beam. Space them
8 1/8" (206 mm) apart vertically and
7 7/8" (200 mm) apart horizontally.
Guide the screws fastened to
the wall through the keyholes
in the mounting plates.
Bird’s-Eye View
5 GHz
2.4 GHz
5 GHz
2.4 GHz
Mounting Plate
1/4-20 x 1/2”
Flat Head Screws
Top of Wall
7 7/8”
200 mm
Side view of the
HiveAP 28 mounted
on an exterior wall
Note: For clarity, only one mounting plate is shown in the illustration.
You also need a second plate with another set of screws.
To mount the HiveAP 28 to a surface like a wall, you need two mounting plates, four 1/4-20 x 1/2" flat head screws,
four screws (no bigger than 5/16"), and a screw driver:
1. Align the ridged edge of one of the mounting plates with two of the holes located on the underside of the
HiveAP 28, and use two 1/4-20 x 1/2" flat head screws to secure the plate against the HiveAP 28. Then attach
the other mounting plate to the HiveAP 28 in the same way.
2. Attach four 5/16" screws to a wall or beam. They must be 8 1/8" (206 mm) apart vertically and 7 7/8" (200 mm)
apart horizontally to accommodate the keyholes on the mounting plates.
3. Guide the keyholes over the screws fastened to the wall and push downward after the screw heads have cleared
the keyholes.
Deployment Guide
43
Chapter 3 The HiveAP 28 Outdoor Platform
Attaching Antennas
You can connect the antennas directly to the HiveAP 28 or mount them separately. Although connecting the
antennas directly to the device typically provides better performance, in some cases the location of the HiveAP
might not be a good location for the antennas; for example, if the HiveAP 28 is mounted on a reinforced concrete
wall that interferes with radio coverage. In such cases, mounting the antennas separately in a more open location
can improve coverage; however, bear in mind that cables introduce loss into the overall signal strength and that the
longer the cable connecting the antennas to the HiveAP 28, the greater the loss will be.
Note: Cover any unused antenna connectors with a connector cap to prevent water intrusion and possible safety
hazards.
Connecting Antennas Directly to the HiveAP 28
The two 2.4 GHz and two 5 GHz antennas that ship with the HiveAP 28 have male Type N connectors that you can
connect directly to the female Type N antenna connectors on the HiveAP 28. You can also use self-amalgamating
PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) tape, which is available separately from Aerohive, to create a waterproof seal at the
points of attachment.
To attach the antennas:
1. Remove the antenna connector covers from the HiveAP 28 (leave the covers on any connectors that you do not
plan to use), and make sure that the surface of the connectors on the HiveAP 28 and the connectors on the
antennas are clean.
2. If you are using PTFE tape, wrap the tape around the threads on the HiveAP 28 antenna connectors as follows:
2.1. Starting at one end of the threads on one of the connectors, stretch the tape and wrap it in half-lap
layers until you cover the threads completely.
2.2. Wrap the tape in the opposite direction to bring it back onto itself for one full wrap.
2.3. Place one thumb on the tape at the point of termination and stretch the tape until it breaks.
2.4. Repeat the preceding steps to cover all the connectors to which you will attach antennas.
3. Connect the 2.4 GHz antennas to the 2.4 GHz antenna connectors. (To tighten an antenna, turn the antenna
base cap—the textured metal band that encloses the connector—clockwise over the tape-covered threads of the
HiveAP antenna connector.)
Their connections are now sealed and waterproof.
4. Repeat the preceding steps to connect the 5 GHz antennas.
Mounting Antennas Separately
In addition to connecting antennas directly to the HiveAP 28, you can also mount them separately and run a cable
between the antennas and the device. Use either male-to-female cables with Type N connectors or use
male-to-male or female-to-female cables with cable gender changers. (The antennas have male Type N connectors
and the HiveAP 28 has female Type N connectors.)
Note: Using cables to mount antennas separately causes some signal loss and using a cable gender changer can
cause even more. The amount of loss varies from product to product, so refer to the documentation
accompanying the cables and gender changer you use for information. To minimize loss, Aerohive
recommends using LMR400 cables and using the shortest cables possible.
44
Aerohive
MOUNTING THE HIVEAP 28 AND ATTACHING ANTENNAS
You can mount antennas at the top of a pole as shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9, or to a flat surface. If you must
mount the antenna lower on a pole, the pole must be nonmetallic—such as one made from a hard plastic like PVC
(polyvinyl chloride)—so that it does not distort the signal. Aerohive recommends that antennas be installed away
from power lines and obstructions that can interfere with radio coverage.
For each antenna that you mount, you need an attachment clamp, a 1 3/8" bolt and nut, a V-bolt, two washers and
two nuts, a hose clamp, and two wrenches.
Figure 8 Securing an Antenna to an Attachment Clamp
Antenna
1 3/8”
Bolt
Nut
Base Cap
Attachment Clamp
Insert the bolt through the attachment
clamp and hold it in place with the nut.
Do not tighten it yet.
Insert the antenna into the clamp
until it grips the base cap.
Use one wrench to hold the nut
in place and the other to tighten
the bolt.
1. Insert the 1 3/8" bolt through the attachment clamp and screw a nut loosely onto its end.
2. Place the antenna base cap inside the attachment clamp.
3. Using a pair of wrenches, tighten the nut to the bolt until the clamp grips the base cap firmly.
Figure 9 Mounting an Antenna to a Pole
With the attachment clamp against one side of the pole,
insert the V-bolt through the two holes in the clamp from
the other side. Then thread washers and nuts over the two
ends of the bolt and tighten them in place with a wrench.
Side View
Bird’s-Eye View
Antenna
Nuts
Washers
Hose Clamp
Attachment Clamp
Nonmetallic Pole
(2” diameter)
V-Bolt
Note: Aerohive recommends attaching the antenna near
the top of the pole. If you need to improve the stability of
the mounted antenna, fasten it to the pole with a hose
clamp (included) as shown on the far right.
or
4. To mount the antenna on a nonmetallic pole, place the attachment clamp against the pole, thread the V-bolt
through the holes on the attachment, the washers, and nuts, and use the wrenches to tighten the nuts to the
bolt. (Optional) For added stability, fasten the top of the antenna to the pole with the hose clamp.
To mount the antenna directly to a flat surface, run bolts or screws (not included) through the two holes in the
attachment clamp, and fasten them firmly to the surface.
Deployment Guide
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Chapter 3 The HiveAP 28 Outdoor Platform
Note: Radio coverage might be limited if the surface acts as an obstruction.
5. Make sure that all the antenna and cable connectors are clean. If you are using PTFE tape, wrap the tape around
the threads on the HiveAP 28 antenna connectors as explained in "Connecting Antennas Directly to the HiveAP
28" on page 44.
6. Assuming that you are using male-to-female cables, connect the female Type N connector on the cables to the
male connectors on the antennas.
7. Connect the male Type N connectors on the cables to the female antenna connectors on the HiveAP 28.
DEVICE, POWER, AND ENVIRONMENTAL SPECIFICATIONS
Understanding the range of specifications for the HiveAP is necessary for optimal deployment and device operation.
The following specifications describe the physical features and hardware components, the power adapter and PoE
(Power over Ethernet) electrical requirements, and the temperature and humidity ranges in which the device can
operate.
Device Specifications
•
Chassis dimensions: 13 13/16" W x 4 3/8" H x 8 3/8" D (35 cm W x 11 cm H x 21 cm D)
•
Weight: (9 lbs., 4.08 kg)
•
Antennas: Two detachable single-band 8dBi 802.11b/g antennas and two detachable single-band 10dBi 802.11a
antennas
•
Maximum Transmission Power: 20 dBm
•
Ethernet port: autosensing 10/100Base-T/TX Mbps, with IEEE 802.3af-compliant PoE (Power over Ethernet)
Power Specifications
•
AC/DC power adapter:
•
Input:100 – 240 VAC
•
Output: 17 watts
•
PoE nominal input voltages: 48 V, 0.35A
•
RJ-45 power input pins: Wires 4, 5, 7, 8 or 1, 2, 3, 6
•
RF power output:
802.11b RF (8-dBi Omnidirectional Antenna, Model S2406BFNM)
Frequency
2412 MHz
2437 MHz
2462 MHz
Peak Power Output (dBm)
14.20
14.00
14.20
802.11g RF (8-dBi Omnidirectional Antenna, Model S2406BFNM)
Frequency
Peak Power Output (dBm)
2412 MHz
2437 MHz
2462 MHz
16.20
16.80
15.00
802.11a RF (10-dBi Omnidirectional Antenna, Model S4908WBF)
Frequency
5745 MHz
5785 MHz
5825 MHz
Peak Power Output (dBm)
17.80
17.40
17.60
Environmental Specifications
•
Operating temperature: -40 to 140 degrees F (-40 to 60 degrees C)
•
Storage temperature: -40 to 194 degrees F (-40 to 90 degrees C)
•
Relative Humidity: Maximum 100%
46
Aerohive
Chapter 4
The HiveAP 340 Platform
The Aerohive HiveAP 340 is a high-performance and highly reliable 802.11n wireless access point. The HiveAP 340
provides dual concurrent 802.11b/g/n and 802.11a/n radios for 3x3 MIMO (Multiple In, Multiple Out) and dual
10/100/1000 Ethernet ports for link aggregation or link redundancy. Its power management system uses a concept
called smart PoE (Power over Ethernet) to adjust its power consumption automatically in response the available
power in different environments. Smart PoE supports the IEEE 802.3af standard and the 802.3at pre-standard.
This chapter covers the following topics relating to the HiveAP 340:
•
•
•
"HiveAP 340 Product Overview" on page 48
•
"Ethernet and Console Ports" on page 50
•
"Status LEDs" on page 54
•
"Antennas" on page 54
"Mounting the HiveAP 340" on page 58
•
"Ceiling Mount" on page 58
•
"Surface Mount" on page 60
"Device, Power, and Environmental Specifications" on page 61
Deployment Guide
47
Chapter 4 The HiveAP 340 Platform
HIVEAP 340 PRODUCT OVERVIEW
The HiveAP 340 is a multi-channel wireless access point. It is compatible with IEEE 802.11b/g/n (2.4 GHz) and IEEE
802.11a/n (5 GHz) standards and supports a variety of Wi-Fi (wireless fidelity) security protocols, including WPA
(Wi-Fi Protected Access) and WPA2.
You can see the hardware components on the HiveAP in Figure 1. Each component is described in Table 1.
Figure 1 HiveAP 340 Hardware Components
Status LEDs
5 GHz (C)
5 GHz (B)
5 GHz (A)
Device
Lock Slot
802.11a/n RP-SMA Connectors for Detachable Single-Band Antennas
802.11b/g/n RP-SMA Connectors for Detachable Single-Band Antennas
2.4 GHz (A)
ETH0
ETH1
48V DC
2.4 GHz (B)
CONSOLE
RESET
2.4 GHz (C)
(.625A)
10/100 /1000
Power
Mbps PoE Ports Connector
Table 1
Console Reset
Port Button
HiveAP 340 Component Descriptions
Component
Description
Status LEDs
The status LEDs convey operational states for system power, firmware,
Ethernet interfaces, and radios. For details, see "Status LEDs" on page 54.
Device Lock Slot
You can physically secure the HiveAP by attaching a lock and cable (such
as a Kensington® notebook lock) to the device lock slot or by using the
lock adapter that is included in the mounting kit and a padlock. For more
information, see "Locking the HiveAP 340" on page 59.
802.11a/b/g/n RP-SMA Connectors
You can connect up to six detachable single-band antennas to the male
802.11a/b/g/n RP-SMA (reverse polarity-subminiature version A)
connectors. Connect the longer antennas, which support 2.4 GHz
frequencies (for IEEE 802.11b/g/n), to the connectors on the side panel
with the Ethernet ports. Connect the shorter antennas, which support 5
GHz frequencies (for IEEE 802.11a/n), to the connectors on the side panel
with the device lock slot. For details, see "Antennas" on page 54.
48
Aerohive
HIVEAP 340 PRODUCT OVERVIEW
Component
Description
10/100/1000 Mbps PoE Ports
The two 10/100/1000-Mbps Ethernet ports—ETH0 and ETH1—support IEEE
802.3af and 802.3at PoE (Power over Ethernet) and receive RJ-45
connectors. The HiveAP can receive power through one or both Ethernet
connections from PSE (power sourcing equipment) that is compatible with
the 802.3af standard and the forthcoming 802.at standard, such as one of
the PoE injectors available as an optional accessory from Aerohive. (If you
connect the HiveAP to a power source through the power connector and
PoE ports simultaneously, the device draws power through the power
connector and automatically disables PoE.)
You can configure ETH0 and ETH1 as two individual Ethernet interfaces,
combine them into an aggregate interface to increase throughput, or
combine them into a redundant interface to increase reliability. You can
connect the HiveAP 340 to a wired network or to a wired device (such as
a security camera) through these ports using bridging. They are
compatible with 10/100/1000Base-T/TX and automatically negotiate
half- and full-duplex connections with the connecting device. They are
autosensing and adjust to straight-through and cross-over Ethernet cables
automatically. For details, see "Ethernet and Console Ports" on page 50.
Power Connector
The 48-volt DC power connector (0.625 amps) is one of two methods
through which you can power the HiveAP 340. To connect it to a 100 –
240-volt AC power source, use the AC/DC power adaptor that is available
as an extra option. Because the HiveAP does not have an on/off switch,
connecting it to a power source automatically powers on the device.
Console Port
You can access the CLI by making a serial connection to the RJ-45 console
port. The management station from which you make a serial connection
to the HiveAP must have a VT100 emulation program, such as Tera Term
Pro© (a free terminal emulator) or Hilgraeve Hyperterminal® (provided
with Windows® operating systems). The following are the serial
connection settings: bits per second: 9600, data bits: 8, parity: none,
stop bits: 1, flow control: none. For details, see "Ethernet and Console
Ports" on page 50.
Reset Button
The reset button allows you to reboot the device or reset the HiveAP to
its factory default settings. Insert a paper clip, or something similar, into
the Reset pinhole and press the reset button. To reboot the device, hold
the button down between 1 and 5 seconds. To return the configuration to
the factory default settings, hold it down for at least 5 seconds. After
releasing the button, the Power LED goes dark as the system reboots.
Then it pulses green while the firmware loads and the system performs a
self-test. After the software finishes loading, the Power LED glows steady
green.
To disable the reset button from resetting the configuration, enter this
command: no reset-button reset-config-enable Pressing the
button between 1 and 5 seconds will still reboot the HiveAP, but pressing
it for more than 5 seconds will not reset its configuration.
Note: The rear surface of the HiveAP 340 is used for heat dissipation to reduce the internal temperature.
Consequently, it can become hot, so use caution when handling it.
Deployment Guide
49
Chapter 4 The HiveAP 340 Platform
Ethernet and Console Ports
There are three ports on the HiveAP 340: two RJ-45 10/100/1000Base-T/TX Ethernet ports and an RJ-45 console port.
The pin assignments in the PoE (Power over Ethernet) Ethernet ports follow the TIA/EIA-568-B standard (see
Figure 2). The ports accept standard types of Ethernet cable—cat3, cat5, cat5e, or cat6—and can receive power
over this cable from power sourcing equipment (PSE) that is 802.3af-compatible. If you use cat5, cat5e, or cat6
cables, the HiveAP 340 can also support 802.3at-compliant PSE. Such equipment can be embedded in a switch or
router, or it can come from purpose-built devices that inject power into the Ethernet line en route to the HiveAP.
Because the PoE ports have autosensing capabilities, the wiring termination in the Ethernet cable can be either
straight-through or cross-over.
Figure 2 PoE Wire Usage and Pin Assignments
802.3af Alternative A 802.3af Alternative B
(Data and Power on
(Data and Power on
the Same Wires)
Separate Wires)
Pin Numbers
ETH0
(View of the ETH0 PoE
Port on the HiveAP 340)
Pin
802.3at Wiring Options
Data Signal
MDI
MDI-X
MDI or MDI-X
Transmit +
DC+
DC–
–––
Transmit -
DC+
DC–
–––
DC1+ DC1– DC1+ DC1–
Receive +
DC–
DC+
–––
DC1– DC1+ DC1– DC1+
(unused)
–––
–––
DC+
DC2+ DC2+ DC2– DC2–
(unused)
–––
–––
DC+
DC2+ DC2+ DC2– DC2–
Receive -
DC–
DC+
–––
DC1– DC1+ DC1– DC1+
(unused)
–––
–––
DC–
DC2– DC2– DC2+ DC2+
(unused)
–––
–––
DC–
DC2– DC2– DC2+ DC2+
DC1+ DC1– DC1+ DC1–
MDI = Medium dependent interface for straight-through connections
MDI-X = Medium dependent interface for cross-over (X) connections
The PoE ports are auto-sensing and can automatically adjust to transmit and receive data over straight-through or cross-over Etherne
connections. L kewise, they can automatically adjust to 802.3af Alternative A and B power delivery methods. Furthermore, when the
Alternative A method is used, the ports automatically allow for polarity reversals depending on their role as either MDI or MDI-X. In
802.3at, the 1/2 and 3/6 wire pairs connect to DC source 1 and 4/5 and 7/8 pairs to DC source 2 in PSE. Although the exact polarity
depends on the PSE design, the HiveAP 340 Ethernet ports can support all possible options.
T568A-Terminated Ethernet Cable
with an RJ-45 Connector
T568B -terminated Ethernet Cable
with an RJ-45 Connector
50
Pin
T568A Wire Color
White/Green
Green
White/Orange
Blue
White/Blue
Orange
White/Brown
Brown
Pin
T568B Wire Color
White/Orange
Orange
White/Green
Blue
White/Blue
Green
White/Brown
Brown
T568A and T568B are two standard
wiring termination schemes. Note that
the only difference between them is
that the white/green + solid green pair
of wires and the white/orange + solid
orange pair are reversed.
For straight-through Ethernet
cables—using either the T568A or
T568B standard—the eight wires
terminate at the same pins on each
end.
For cross-over Ethernet cables, the
wires terminate at one end according
to the T568A standard and at the
other according to T568B.
Aerohive
HIVEAP 340 PRODUCT OVERVIEW
Smart PoE
The HiveAP 340 applies the Aerohive concept of smart PoE to adjust power consumption as necessitated by varying
levels of available power. No adjustments are needed when the power level is 17.5 W (watts) or higher. If the
available power drops to a range between 16 and 17.5 W, the HiveAP disables the ETH1 interface. If the level drops
to the 14.4 – 16 W range, it then switches from 3x3 MIMO (Multiple In, Multiple Out) to 2x3 (see "MIMO" on page 55).
In rare cases when the power drops between 12 and 14.4 W and further power conservation is necessary, the HiveAP
reduces the speed on ETH0 from 10/100/1000 Mbps to 10/100 Mbps. Finally, in the event that there is a problem
with the PoE switch or Ethernet cable and the power falls between 0 and 12 W, the HiveAP disables its wireless
interfaces and returns its ETH0 and ETH1 interfaces to 10/100/1000 Mbps speeds. Through the application of smart
PoE, the HiveAP 340 can make power usage adjustments so that it can continue functioning even when the available
power level drops.
Aggregate and Redundant Interfaces
By default ETH0 and ETH1 act as two individual Ethernet interfaces. When both interfaces are connected to the
network and are in backhaul mode, the HiveAP transmits broadcast traffic only through ETH0. The HiveAP transmits
broadcast traffic through ETH1 only when ETH0 does not have network connectivity. When both Ethernet interfaces
are connected to the network and are in access mode, then the HiveAP transmits broadcast traffic through all the
access interfaces: ETH0, ETH1, and all wireless subinterfaces in access mode.
In addition to using ETH0 and ETH1 as individual interfaces, you can combine them into an aggregate interface
(agg0) to increase throughput, or combine them into a redundant interface (red0) to increase reliability. The logical
red0 and agg0 interfaces support all the settings that you can configure for Ethernet interfaces except those
pertaining to physical link characteristics such as link speed. See the sections below for configuration information.
Aggregate Interface
You can increase throughput onto the wired network by combining ETH0 and ETH1 into a single logically aggregated
interface called "agg0". The aggregate interface effectively doubles the bandwidth that each physical interface has
when used individually. In this configuration, both Ethernet ports actively forward traffic, the HiveAP applying an
internal scheduling mechanism based on the source MAC address of each packet to send traffic through the
aggregate member interfaces. To configure an aggregate interface, enter the following commands:
interface eth0 bind agg0
interface eth1 bind agg0
In addition to configuring the HiveAP, you must also configure the connecting switch to support EtherChannel. For
example, the following commands bind two physical Ethernet ports—0/1 and 0/2—to the logical interface
port-channel group 1 on a Cisco Catalyst 2900 switch running Cisco IOS 12.2:
Switch#conf t
Switch(config)#interface port-channel 1
Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access
Switch(config-if)#spanning-tree portfast
Switch(config-if)#exit
Switch(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1
Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access
Switch(config-if)#channel-group 1 mode on
Switch(config-if)#spanning-tree portfast
Switch(config-if)#exit
Deployment Guide
51
Chapter 4 The HiveAP 340 Platform
Switch(config)#int fastEthernet 0/2
Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access
Switch(config-if)#channel-group 1 mode on
Switch(config-if)#spanning-tree portfast
Switch(config-if)#exit
Switch(config)#exit
Switch#wr mem
Finally, you must cable the Cisco switch and the HiveAP together: Cisco 0/1 to HiveAP eth0, and Cisco 0/2 to HiveAP
eth1.
Redundant Interface
If a single Ethernet link provides sufficient bandwidth and speed, such as a 1000 Mbps link, but you want to ensure
link redundancy, you can connect the two Ethernet ports to the same switch—or to two different switches—and
configure them to act as a redundant interface called "red0". In this mode, only one Ethernet interface is actively
forwarding traffic at any one time. If eth0 is active and eth1 is passive and eth0 loses its connection, the HiveAP
switches over to eth1. To configure a redundant interface, enter the following commands:
interface eth0 bind red0 primary
interface eth1 bind red0
The interface that you specify as primary is the one that the HiveAP uses when both interfaces have network
connectivity. Because the HiveAP uses eth0 as the primary interface by default, it is unnecessary to specify
"primary" in the first command above. However, it is included to make the role of eth0 as the primary interface
obvious.
Note: No extra configuration is necessary on the connecting switch or switches to support a redundant interface.
Interface Selection for the Default Route
In cases where there are multiple active interfaces in backhaul mode, the HiveAP uses the following logic to choose
which interface to use in its default route:
•
If there is an Ethernet interface and a wireless interface in backhaul mode, the HiveAP uses the Ethernet
interface in its default route.
•
If there are multiple Ethernet interfaces in backhaul mode, the HiveAP chooses which one to use in its default
route in the following order:
52
•
It uses red0 or agg0 if one of them has at least one member interface bound to it and its link state is UP.
•
It uses ETH0 if neither red0 nor agg0 has any member interfaces and the link state for ETH0 is UP.
•
It uses ETH1 if neither red0 nor agg0 has any member interfaces, the link state for ETH0 is DOWN, and the
link state for ETH1 is UP.
Aerohive
HIVEAP 340 PRODUCT OVERVIEW
Console Port
The pin-to-signal mapping in the RJ-45 console port is shown shown in Figure 3.
Figure 3 Console Port Pin Assignments
RJ-45 Console Port
8 7
Console Port Pin Assignments
Pin
2 1
CONSOLE
(View of the console
port on the HiveAP)
Signal
Direction
RTS (Request to Send)
Output, unused
DTR (Data Terminal Ready)
Output, unused
TXD (Transmitted Data)
Output
Ground
Ground
Ground
Ground
RXD (Received Data)
Input
DSR (Data Set Ready)
Input, unused
CTS (Clear to Send)
Input, unused
Because this is a console port, only pins 3, 4, 5, and 6 are currently in use.
To make a serial connection between your management system and the HiveAP, you can use the console cable that
is available as an extra option. Insert the RJ-45 connector into the HiveAP 340 console port, and attach the DB-9
connector to the serial (or COM) port on your management system. The management system must have a VT100
terminal emulation program, such as Tera Term Pro© (a free terminal emulator) or Hilgraeve Hyperterminal®
(provided with Windows® operating systems). If you want to make your own serial cable and adapter, refer to
Figure 3.
Figure 4 Wiring Details for Making a Serial Cable with an RJ-45-to-Female DB-9 Adapter
HiveAP 340
CONSOLE
Console Port
COM Port
(on Back Panel)
Rollover Cable with
RJ-45 Connectors
Management System
RJ-45-to-Female DB-9 Adapter
Console Port
(HiveAP 340)
Signal
RJ-45-to-RJ-45
Rollover Cable
RJ-45-to-Female
DB-9 Adapter
Management
System
RJ-45 Pin RJ-45 Pin RJ-45 Pin DB-9 Pin Signal
RTS (Request to Send)
CTS (unused)
DTR (Data Terminal Ready)
DSR (unused)
TXD (Transmitted Data)
RXD
Ground
Ground
Ground
Ground
RXD (Received Data)
TXD
DSR (Data Set Ready)
DTR (unused)
CTS (Clear to Send)
RTS (unused)
RI (Ring Indicator, unused)
Deployment Guide
53
Chapter 4 The HiveAP 340 Platform
Status LEDs
The five status LEDs on the top of the HiveAP 340 indicate various states of activity through their color (dark, green,
amber, and red) and illumination patterns (steady glow or pulsing). The meanings of the various color + illumination
patterns for each LED are explained below.
Power
•
•
•
Dark: No power
Steady green: Powered on and the firmware is running normally
Pulsing green: Firmware is booting up
•
Steady amber: Firmware is being updated
•
Pulsing amber: Alarm indicating a firmware issue has occurred
•
Steady red: Alarm indicating a hardware issue has occurred
ETH0 and ETH1
•
Dark: Ethernet link is down or disabled
•
Steady green: 1000 Mbps Ethernet link is up but inactive
•
•
Pulsing green: 1000 Mbps Ethernet link is up and active
Steady amber: 10/100 Mbps Ethernet link is up but inactive
•
Pulsing amber: 10/100 Mbps Ethernet link is up and active
WIFI0 and WIFI1
•
•
•
•
•
Dark: Wireless interface is disabled
Steady green: Wireless interface is in access mode but inactive
Pulsing green: Wireless interface is in access mode and active
Steady amber: Wireless interface is in backhaul mode but inactive
Pulsing amber: Wireless interface is in backhaul mode and is connected with other hive members
•
Alternating green and amber: Wireless interface is in backhaul mode and is searching for other hive
members
Antennas
The HiveAP 340 can accept up to six detachable dipole antennas. The three shorter antennas are designed for the 5
GHz band and have a 2-dBi gain. The three longer antennas are designed for the 2.4 GHz band and have a 4.9-dBi
gain. These antennas are omnidirectional, providing fairly equal coverage in all directions in a toroidal
(donut-shaped) pattern around each antenna (see Figure 4 on page 30). For greater coverage on a horizontal plane,
it is best to orient the antennas vertically. So that you can easily do that whether the HiveAP chassis is mounted
horizontally or vertically, the antennas hinge and swivel (see Figure 5 on page 55.)
Although hive members automatically adjust their signal strength according to their environments, you can resize
the area of coverage by increasing or decreasing the signal strength manually by entering the interface {
wifi0 | wifi1 } radio power  command, where  can be from 1 to 20 and represents
a value in dBm.
54
Aerohive
HIVEAP 340 PRODUCT OVERVIEW
Figure 5 HiveAP 340 Antennas
Generally, orient the antennas vertically for
improved radio coverage, as shown here:
When mounting the HiveAP
340 on a ceiling, orient its
antennas downward.
2.4 GHz Antenna for
IEEE 802.11b/g/n
5 GHz Antenna for IEEE
802.11a/n
Length when fully
extended: 7 7/8” (20 cm)
Length when fully
extended: 5 15/16” (15 cm)
The base of the antennas hinge up to 90 degrees so that you
can orient the antennas independently of the orientation of
the HiveAP chassis. The antennas also rotate in a full circle.
When mounting the HiveAP
on a wall or post, fully extend
its antennas upward and
downward.
When mounting the HiveAP
above a ceiling or on a
horizontal beam, orient its
antennas upward.
MIMO
MIMO (Multiple In, Multiple Out) is a major WLAN advancement introduced in the IEEE 802.11n standard in which
multiple RF links are formed on the same channel between the transmitter and receiver simultaneously. To
accomplish this, the transmitter separates a single data stream into multiple spatial streams, one for each RF chain
(an antenna + various digital signal processing modules linked to the antenna). The transmit antennas at the end of
each RF chain then transmit their spatial streams. The recipient’s receive antennas obtain streams from all the
transmit antennas. In fact, due to multipath, they receive multiple streams from each transmit antenna. The
receive antennas pass the spatial streams to the digital signal processors in their RF chains, which take the best data
from all the spatial streams and reassemble them into a single data stream once again (see Figure 6).
Figure 6 2x2 MIMO (2 Transmit Antennas x 2 Receive Antennas)
802.11n wireless client
with two antennas
RF Chains
HiveAP 340 using
two antennas
RF Signals (Multipath)
RF Chains
Object
Digital Signal Transmit
Processors Antennas
Data
Deployment Guide
Receive Digital Signal
Antennas Processors
Reassembled
Data
55
Chapter 4 The HiveAP 340 Platform
In previous 802.11 standards, access points and clients each employed a single set of components, or RF chain, for
transmitting or receiving. Although two antennas are often used for diversity, only the one with the best
signal-to-noise ratio is used at any given moment, and that antenna makes use of the single RF chain while the other
antenna remains inactive. A significant improvement that MIMO introduces is to permit each antenna to have its
own RF chain and for all antennas to function simultaneously. For the HiveAP 340, you can connect up to three
antennas per radio and configure the radio to use two or three transmit chains and two or three receive chains.1
Using two or three transmit and receive chains simultaneously increases the amount of data that can flow across the
WLAN and accelerates the processing of that data at each end of the wireless link.
Another major aspect of MIMO is how it turns multipath signals from a curse to a boon. As a radio signal moves
through space, some objects reflect it, others interfere with it, and still others absorb it. The receiver can end up
receiving multiple copies of the original signal, all kind of muddled together. However, the digital signal processors
in the multiple receive chains are able to combine their processing efforts to sort through all the received data and
reconstruct the original message. Furthermore, because the transmitter makes use of multiple RF chains, there is
an even richer supply of signals for the receive chains to use in their processing. To set the transmit and receive RF
chains for a radio profile, enter the following commands:
radio profile  transmit-chain { 2 | 3 }
radio profile  receive-chain { 2 | 3 }
There are two sets of antennas—three antennas per set—that operate concurrently in two different frequency
ranges: 2.4 GHz (IEEE 802.11b/g/n) and 5 GHz (IEEE 802.11a/n). Using two different frequency ranges reduces the
probability of interference that can occur when numerous channels operate within the same range. Conceptually,
the relationship of antennas and radios is shown in Figure 7.
Figure 7 Antennas and Radios
PWR
ETH0
2.4 GHz (C)
Radio 1
RF 802.11b/g/n
2.4 GHz
ETH1
2.4 GHz (B)
WIFI0
RP-SMA
Connectors
WIFI1
2.4 GHz (A)
Radio 2
RF 802.11a/n
5 GHz
5 GHz (A)
5 GHz (B)
RP-SMA
Connectors
5 GHz (C)
Cut-away view of the HiveAP 340 to show the relationship of the antennas and the two internal radios
The wifi0 interface links to radio 1 (frequency range = 2.4 GHz for IEEE 802.11b/g), and the wifi1 interface links to
radio 2 (frequency range = 5 GHz for IEEE 802.11a). These interface-to-radio relationships are permanent.
When deciding how many antennas to use, consider the types of wireless clients—802.11n only, 802.11g/n,
802.11b/g/n, or 802.11a/n—the area needing coverage, and the RF environment.
1. The convention for presenting the configuration of transmitting and receiving MIMO RF chains is TxR. For
example, a HiveAP 340 radio functioning in access mode might be configured to use two RF chains for
transmitting and three for receiving. In that case, its configuration can be presented as "2x3". In general, the
number of receive antennas is equal to or greater than the number of transmit antennas.
56
Aerohive
HIVEAP 340 PRODUCT OVERVIEW
Using MIMO with Legacy Clients
In addition to supporting up to 300-Mbps throughput per radio for 802.11n clients, MIMO (Multiple In, Multiple Out)
can improve the reliability and speed of legacy 802.11a/b/g client traffic. When an 802.11a/b/g access point does
not receive acknowledgement that a frame it sent was received, it resends that frame, possibly at a somewhat
lower transmission rate. If the access point must continue resending frames, it will continue lowering its
transmission rate. As a result, clients that could get 54-Mbps throughput in an interference-free environment might
have to drop to 48- or 36-Mbps speeds due to multipath interface. However, because MIMO technology makes better
use of multipath, an access point using MIMO can continue transmitting at 54 Mbps, or at least at a better rate than
it would in a pure 802.11a/b/g environment, thus improving the reliability and speed of 802.11a/b/g client traffic.
Although 802.11a/b/g client traffic can benefit somewhat from an 802.11n access point using MIMO, supporting such
legacy clients along with 802.11n clients can have a negative impact on 802.11n client traffic. Legacy clients take
longer to send the same amount of data as 802.11n clients. Consequently, legacy clients consume more airtime than
802.11n clients do, causing greater congestion in the WLAN and reducing 802.11n performance.
By default, the HiveAP 340 supports 802.11a/b/g clients. You can restrict access only to clients using the IEEE
802.11n standard. By only allowing traffic from clients using 802.11n, you can increase the overall bandwidth
capacity of the access point so that there will not be an impact on 802.11n clients during times of network
congestion. To do that, enter the following command:
radio profile  11n-clients-only
You can also deny access just to clients using the IEEE 802.11b standard, which has the slowest data rates of the
three legacy standards, while continuing to support 802.11a and 802.11g clients. To do that, enter the following
command:
no radio profile  allow-11b-clients
By blocking access to 802.11b clients, their slower data rates cannot clog the WLAN when the amount of wireless
traffic increases.
Deployment Guide
57
Chapter 4 The HiveAP 340 Platform
MOUNTING THE HIVEAP 340
Using the mounting plate and track clips, you can mount the HiveAP 340 to the tracks of a dropped ceiling grid.
Using just the mounting plate, you can mount the HiveAP to any surface that can support its weight (3.3 lb., 1.5 kg).
Ceiling Mount
To mount the HiveAP 340 to a track in a dropped ceiling, you need the mounting plate, two track clips, and two Keps
nuts, all of which ship as an option with the HiveAP 340. You also need a drill and—most likely—a ladder.
Nudge the ceiling tiles slightly away from the track to clear some space. Attach the track clips to the ceiling track,
and then fasten the mounting plate to the clips, as shown in Figure 8. When you have the mounting plate in the
correct location, cut or drill a hole in the ceiling through which you can then pass the Ethernet and power cables.
Figure 8 Attaching the Track Clips and Mounting Plate to the Ceiling Track
(worms’s eye view with ceiling
tiles removed for clarity)
Ceiling Track
Press the track clips against the
ceiling track and swivel them until
they snap into place, gripping the
edges of the track.
If necessary, slide one or both of
the clips along the track to position
them at the proper distance (2 1/4”
or 7 cm) to fit through the holes in
the mounting plate.
Track Clip
Insert the mounting track over the
screws attached to the track clips,
and use the Keps nuts to fasten
the plate firmly to the screws on
the clips.
2 1/4 “ (7 cm)
Drill a hole in the ceiling tile
and feed cables through here.
Use a wrench to tighten the nuts
firmly to the bolts and secure the
plate to the track.
Through the oblong opening in the
plate, drill a hole in the ceiling tile (not
shown). Then pass one or both
Ethernet cables through the hole, and
if you plan to supply power from an
AC power source rather than through
PoE, pass the power cable through
as well.
Mounting Plate
Attach the HiveAP 340 to the mounting plate and connect the cables, as shown in Figure 9 on page 59.
Note: You can tie the cables to the tie points (small arched strips) on the mounting plate to prevent them from
being pulled out of their connections accidentally.
58
Aerohive
MOUNTING THE HIVEAP 340
Figure 9 Attaching the HiveAP 340 to the Mounting Plate and Connecting Cables
Mounting Plate
HiveAP 340 (shown as transparent for clairty)
(side view)
With the HiveAP 340 upside
down, align its port side with
the bottom end of the plate.
Tab
Slot
Push the HiveAP 340 upward,
inserting the four tabs on the
plate into the four slots on the
HiveAP 340.
Slide the HiveAP 340 toward the
bottom end of the plate, locking
the tabs inside the slots.
Attach the antennas and connect the
cables to complete the installation.
Tab
inside
slot.
Tab
locked in
place.
Cables pass through the hole in
the mounting plate and ceiling
Ceiling
Mounting Plate
HiveAP 340
When done, adjust the ceiling tiles back into their former position.
Locking the HiveAP 340
To lock the HiveAP 340 to the mounting plate, use either a Kensington lock or the lock adapter that is included with
the mounting kit and a small padlock (not included).
To use a Kensington lock, loop the cable attached to the lock around a secure object, insert the T-bar component of
the lock into the device lock slot on the HiveAP, and then turn the key to engage the lock mechanism.
To use the lock adapter :
1. Insert the T-shaped extension on the adapter into the device lock slot, and rotate it clockwise so that the
curved section extends through the slot in the mounting plate (see Figure 10).
Figure 10 Locking the HiveAP 340 to the Mounting Plate
5 GHz (C)
Insert a lock
through the
opening.
Rotate the
lock adapter
clockwise.
HiveAP 340
5 GHz (B)
5 GHz (A)
Mounting Plate
2. Link a padlock through the opening in the adapter and engage the lock to secure the HiveAP 340 to the
mounting plate. The opening is 1/8" (0.3 cm) in diameter at its narrowest.
Deployment Guide
59
Chapter 4 The HiveAP 340 Platform
Surface Mount
You can use the mounting plate to attach the HiveAP 340 to any surface that supports its weight, and to which you
can screw or nail the plate. First, mount the plate to the surface. Then, through one of the two large openings in
the plate, make a hole in the wall so that you can pass the cables through to the HiveAP.
Note: You can tie the cables to the tie points on the mounting plate to prevent them from being pulled out of
their connections accidentally.
Finally, attach the device to the plate, and connect the cables, as shown in Figure 11.
Figure 11 Mounting the HiveAP on a Wall
(side view)
With the two wings at the sides of the plate
extending away from the surface, attach the
mounting plate to a secure object such as a
wall, ceiling, post, or beam.
Cut or drill a hole through one of the
openings in the mounting plate to
pass the cables through to the
HiveAP 340.
Insert the tabs on the mounting plate
into the slots on the underside of the
HiveAP 340. Then push the HiveAP
340 downward to lock it in place.
HiveAP 340
Mounting Plate
Wall
HiveAP 340
Connect the cables to the HiveAP 340.
Depending on the deployment, you might
connect one or two Ethernet cables and a
power cable.
Note: There are a variety of holes through which you can
screw or nail the plate in place. Choose the two or three
that best suit the object to which you are attaching it.
60
Aerohive
DEVICE, POWER, AND ENVIRONMENTAL SPECIFICATIONS
DEVICE, POWER, AND ENVIRONMENTAL SPECIFICATIONS
Understanding the range of specifications for the HiveAP 340 is necessary for optimal deployment and device
operation. The following specifications describe the physical features and hardware components, the power adapter
and PoE (Power over Ethernet) electrical requirements, and the temperature and humidity ranges in which the
device can operate.
Device Specifications
•
Chassis dimensions: 8 1/2" W x 1 1/4" H x 8" D (21.5 cm W x 3.2 cm H x 20.3 cm D)
•
Weight: 3 lb. (1.36 kg)
•
Antennas: Three omnidirectional 802.11b/g/n antennas, and three omnidirectional 802.11a/n antennas
•
Serial port: RJ-45 (bits per second: 9600, data bits: 8, parity: none, stop bits: 1, flow control: none)
•
Ethernet ports: autosensing 10/100/1000 Base-T/TX Mbps; both ports are compliant with the IEEE 802.3af
standard and the forthcoming 802.at standard for PoE (Power over Ethernet)
Power Specifications
•
•
•
AC/DC power adapter:
•
Input:100 – 240 VAC
•
Output: 48V/0.38A
PoE nominal input voltages:
•
802.3af: 48 V/0.35A
•
Pre-802.3at: 48 V/0.625A
RJ-45 power input pins: Wires 4, 5, 7, 8 or 1, 2, 3, 6
Environmental Specifications
•
Operating temperature: -4 to 131 degrees F (-20 to 55 degrees C)
•
Storage temperature: -40 to 176 degrees F (-40 to 80 degrees C)
•
Relative Humidity: Maximum 95%
Deployment Guide
61
Chapter 4 The HiveAP 340 Platform
62
Aerohive
Chapter 5
The HiveAP 320 Platform
The Aerohive HiveAP 320 is a high-performance and highly reliable 802.11n wireless access point. The HiveAP 320
provides dual concurrent 802.11b/g/n and 802.11a/n radios for 3x3 MIMO (Multiple In, Multiple Out) and dual
10/100/1000 Ethernet ports for link aggregation or link redundancy. Its power management system uses a concept
called smart PoE (Power over Ethernet) to adjust its power consumption automatically in response the available
power in different environments. Smart PoE supports the IEEE 802.3af standard and the 802.3at pre-standard.
This chapter covers the following topics relating to the HiveAP 320:
•
•
•
"HiveAP 320 Product Overview" on page 64
•
"Ethernet and Console Ports" on page 66
•
"Status LEDs" on page 66
•
"Antennas" on page 67
"Mounting the HiveAP 320" on page 68
•
"Ceiling Mount" on page 68
•
"Surface Mount" on page 70
"Device, Power, and Environmental Specifications" on page 71
Note: The HiveAP 320 supports all same 802.11n features as the HiveAP 340. Of particular interest is its support
of MIMO (Multiple Input, Multiple Output). For more information, see "MIMO" on page 55 and "Using MIMO
with Legacy Clients" on page 57.
Deployment Guide
63
Chapter 5 The HiveAP 320 Platform
HIVEAP 320 PRODUCT OVERVIEW
The HiveAP 320 is a multi-channel wireless access point. It is compatible with IEEE 802.11b/g/n (2.4 GHz) and IEEE
802.11a/n (5 GHz) standards and supports a variety of Wi-Fi (wireless fidelity) security protocols, including WPA
(Wi-Fi Protected Access) and WPA2.
You can see the hardware components on the HiveAP in Figure 1. Each component is described in Table 1.
Figure 1 HiveAP 320 Hardware Components
ETH0 ETH1
48VDC
CONSOLE
Status LEDs
POWER
WLAN 0
WLAN 1
ETH 0
ETH 1
Mounting
Plate
Device
Lock Slot
Table 1
Reset
Button
HiveAP 320 Component Descriptions
Component
Description
Status LEDs
The status LEDs convey operational states for system power, firmware,
Ethernet interfaces, and radios. For details, see "Status LEDs" on page 66.
ETH0 10/100/1000 Mbps PoE Port
and ETH1 10/100/1000 Mbps Port
The two 10/100/1000-Mbps Ethernet ports—ETH0 and ETH1—receive
RJ-45 connectors. The HiveAP can receive power through an Ethernet
connection to the ETH0 port from PSE (power sourcing equipment) that is
compatible with the 802.3af standard and the forthcoming 802.at
standard. Aerohive provides suitable PoE injectors as an optional
accessory. (If you connect the HiveAP to a power source through the
power connector and the ETH0 PoE port simultaneously, the device draws
power through the power connector and automatically disables PoE.)
64
Aerohive
HIVEAP 320 PRODUCT OVERVIEW
Component
Description
You can configure ETH0 and ETH1 as two individual Ethernet interfaces,
combine them into an aggregate interface to increase throughput, or
combine them into a redundant interface to increase reliability. You can
connect the HiveAP 320 to a wired network or to a wired device (such as
a security camera) through these ports using bridging. They are
compatible with 10/100/1000Base-T/TX and automatically negotiate
half- and full-duplex connections with the connecting device. They are
autosensing and adjust to straight-through and cross-over Ethernet cables
automatically. For details, see "Ethernet and Console Ports" on page 66.
48VDC
Power Connector
The 48-volt DC power connector (0.625 amps) is one of two methods
through which you can power the HiveAP 320. To connect it to a 100 –
240-volt AC power source, use the AC/DC power adaptor that is available
as an extra option. Because the HiveAP does not have an on/off switch,
connecting it to a power source automatically powers on the device.
Console Port
You can access the CLI by making a serial connection to the RJ-45 console
port. The management station from which you make a serial connection
to the HiveAP must have a VT100 emulation program, such as Tera Term
Pro© (a free terminal emulator) or Hilgraeve Hyperterminal® (provided
with Windows® operating systems). The following are the serial
connection settings: bits per second: 9600, data bits: 8, parity: none,
stop bits: 1, flow control: none. For details, see "Ethernet and Console
Ports" on page 66.
Device Lock Slot
You can physically secure the HiveAP by attaching it to a mounting plate
that is clipped to a ceiling track and then using a screw with a unique
head design to fasten the HiveAP to the mounting plate through the
device lock slot. The screw and special screw driver that fits the slot on
the screw head are included in the mounting kit. For more information,
see "Locking the HiveAP 320" on page 69.
Reset Button
The reset button allows you to reboot the device or reset the HiveAP to
its factory default settings. Insert a paper clip, or something similar, into
the Reset pinhole and press the reset button. To reboot the device, hold
the button down between 1 and 5 seconds. To return the configuration to
the factory default settings, hold it down for at least 5 seconds. After
releasing the button, the Power LED goes dark as the system reboots.
Then it pulses green while the firmware loads and the system performs a
self-test. After the software finishes loading, the Power LED glows steady
green.
To disable the reset button from resetting the configuration, enter this
command: no reset-button reset-config-enable Pressing the
button between 1 and 5 seconds will still reboot the HiveAP, but pressing
it for more than 5 seconds will not reset its configuration.
Note: The rear surface of the HiveAP 320 is used for heat dissipation to reduce the internal temperature.
Consequently, it can become hot, so use caution when handling it.
Deployment Guide
65
Chapter 5 The HiveAP 320 Platform
Ethernet and Console Ports
There are three ports on the HiveAP 320: two RJ-45 10/100/1000Base-T/TX Ethernet ports and an RJ-45 console port.
The pin assignments in the PoE (Power over Ethernet) Ethernet ports follow the TIA/EIA-568-B standard (see
Figure 2 on page 50). The ports accept standard types of Ethernet cable—cat3, cat5, cat5e, or cat6. The ETH0 port
can receive power over the Ethernet cable from power sourcing equipment (PSE) that is 802.3af-compatible. If you
use cat5, cat5e, or cat6 cables, the ETH0 port can also support 802.3at-compliant PSE. Such equipment can be
embedded in a switch or router, or it can come from purpose-built devices that inject power into the Ethernet line
en route to the HiveAP. Because the PoE ports have autosensing capabilities, the wiring termination in the Ethernet
cable can be either straight-through or cross-over.
The HiveAP 320 supports the following features on its Ethernet ports:
•
The HiveAP 320 supports smart PoE on its ETH0 port to adapt its power consumption to changes in the
amount of power available to it over Ethernet from PSE (power sourcing equipment). For more information,
see "Smart PoE" on page 51.
• The two Ethernet interfaces can be configured as aggregate interfaces for increased throughput and
redundant interfaces for increased reliability. For more information, see "Aggregate and Redundant
Interfaces" on page 51.
Through the RJ-45 console port, you can make a serial connection between your management system and the
HiveAP. The pin-to-signal mapping of the RJ-45 console port is the same as that for the HiveAP 340, which is shown
shown in Figure 3 on page 53. Similarly, cabling and connection details for the HiveAP 320 are same as those for the
HiveAP 340 (see Figure 4 on page 53).
Status LEDs
The five status LEDs on the top of the HiveAP 320 indicate various states of activity through their color (dark, green,
amber, and red) and illumination patterns (steady glow or pulsing). The meanings of the various color + illumination
patterns for each LED are explained below.
Power
•
•
•
Dark: No power
Steady green: Powered on and the firmware is running normally
Pulsing green: Firmware is booting up
•
Steady amber: Firmware is being updated
•
Pulsing amber: Alarm indicating a firmware issue has occurred
•
Steady red: Alarm indicating a hardware issue has occurred
ETH0 and ETH1
•
Dark: Ethernet link is down or disabled
•
Steady green: 1000 Mbps Ethernet link is up but inactive
•
•
Pulsing green: 1000 Mbps Ethernet link is up and active
Steady amber: 10/100 Mbps Ethernet link is up but inactive
•
Pulsing amber: 10/100 Mbps Ethernet link is up and active
WIFI0 and WIFI1
66
•
•
•
•
•
Dark: Wireless interface is disabled
Steady green: Wireless interface is in access mode but inactive
Pulsing green: Wireless interface is in access mode and active
Steady amber: Wireless interface is in backhaul mode but inactive
Pulsing amber: Wireless interface is in backhaul mode and is connected with other hive members
•
Alternating green and amber: Wireless interface is in backhaul mode and is searching for other hive
members
Aerohive
HIVEAP 320 PRODUCT OVERVIEW
Antennas
The HiveAP 320 has six internal single-band antennas. Three of the antennas operate in the 2.4-GHz band (IEEE
802.11b/g/n) and have a 2-dBi gain. The other three antennas operate in the 5-GHz band (IEEE 802.11a/n) and have
a 3-dBi gain. All antennas are omnidirectional, providing fairly equal coverage in all directions in a toroidal
(donut-shaped) pattern around each antenna (see Figure 4 on page 30).
The three three 2.4-GHz antennas link to radio 1, and the three 5-GHz antennas link to radio 2. Conceptually, the
relationship of antennas and radios is shown in Figure 2.
Figure 2 Antennas and Radios
2.4 GHz
Antennas
Radio
o1
11b/g/n
RF 802.11b/g/n
2.4
.4 GHz
Radio 2
802.11a/n
RF 8
GHz
5 GH
5 GHz
Antennas
Cut-away view of the HiveAP 320 to show the relationship of the antennas and the two internal radios
The wifi0 interface links to radio 1 (frequency range = 2.4 GHz for IEEE 802.11b/g), and the wifi1 interface links to
radio 2 (frequency range = 5 GHz for IEEE 802.11a). These interface-to-radio relationships are permanent.
Although hive members automatically adjust their signal strength according to their environments, you can resize
the area of coverage by increasing or decreasing the signal strength manually by entering the interface {
wifi0 | wifi1 } radio power  command, where  can be from 1 to 20 and represents
a value in dBm.
Deployment Guide
67
Chapter 5 The HiveAP 320 Platform
MOUNTING THE HIVEAP 320
Using the mounting plate and track clips, you can mount the HiveAP 320 to the tracks of a dropped ceiling grid.
Using just the mounting plate, you can mount the HiveAP to any surface that can support its weight (2 lb., 0.68 kg).
Note: In addition to these methods, you can also mount the HiveAP 320 on a table using the set of four rubber
feet that ship with the product. Simply peel the rubber feet off the adhesive sheet and press them against
the underside of the HiveAP in its four corners.
Ceiling Mount
To mount the HiveAP 320 to a track in a dropped ceiling, you need the mounting plate, two track clips, and two Keps
nuts. all of which ship as an option with the HiveAP 320. You also need a drill and—most likely—a ladder.
Nudge the ceiling tiles slightly away from the track to clear some space. Fasten the track clips to the mounting
plate, and then attach them to the ceiling track, as shown in Figure 3.
Figure 3 Attaching the Track Clips and Mounting Plate to the Ceiling Track
Track Clips
Ceiling Track
Mounting Plate
Insert the screws through the
mounting plate and thread them
into the track clips, fastening
the clips firmly to the plate.
Adjust the track clips so that
their tabs can pass on either
side of a ceiling track.
Press the clips against the ceiling
track and swivel them until they
snap into place, gripping the edges
of the track.
If necessary, slide the clips and
mounting plate along the track until
they are in the spot you want.
When you have the mounting plate in the correct location, cut or drill a hole in the ceiling through which you can
then pass the Ethernet and power cables. Pass the cables through the hole and attach them to the HiveAP 320,
leaving some slack so that you can easily maneuver the HiveAP into place, attaching it to the mounting plate as
shown in Figure 4 on page 69.
Note: For clarity, the power and Ethernet cables are not shown in the illustrations.
68
Aerohive
MOUNTING THE HIVEAP 320
Figure 4 Attaching the HiveAP 320 to the Mounting Plate
With the HiveAP 320 upside down, align the round tab and security screw
hole extnesion on the mounting plate with the keyhole opening and security
screw cavity on the HiveAP 320, and press the HiveAP upward.
Push HiveAP
Pushing from the LED end of the HiveAP, slide it toward the bottom
end of the plate until the two rippled tabs on the mounting plate
snap over the nubs on the undersdie of the HiveAP.
When done, adjust the ceiling tiles back into their former position.
Locking the HiveAP 320
To lock the HiveAP 320 to the mounting plate, use the security screw and bit that are included with the mounting
kit. You will also need a screw driver or an electric drill that will accept the bit.
1. Insert the security screw through the hole in the HiveAP 320 and begin to thread it into the hole in the mounting
plate (see Figure 5).
Figure 5 Locking the HiveAP 320 to the Mounting Plate
Ceiling Track
Note: The ceiling tiles are removed for clarity.
Mounting Plate
HiveAP 320
Security Screw
2. With the security screw bit in a screw driver or electric drill, tighten the screw into place, securing the HiveAP
to the mounting plate.
Deployment Guide
69
Chapter 5 The HiveAP 320 Platform
Surface Mount
You can use the mounting plate to attach the HiveAP 320 to any surface that supports its weight, and to which you
can screw or nail the plate. First, mount the plate to the surface. Then, through the large opening in the lower part
of the plate, make a hole in the wall so that you can pass the cables through to the HiveAP.
Finally, attach the device to the plate, and connect the cables, as shown in Figure 6.
Figure 6 Mounting the HiveAP 320 on a Wall
wall
(side view)
HiveAP 320
Orient the mounting plate as shown and attach
it to a secure object such as a wall, ceiling,
post, or beam.
Cut or drill a hole through the large space
near the bottom of the mounting plate to
pass the cables through to the HiveAP 320.
Insert the tabs on the mounting plate into the
slots on the underside of the HiveAP 320.
Then push the HiveAP 320 downward to
lock it in place.
Connect the cables to the HiveAP 320.
Depending on the deployment, you might connect
one or two Ethernet cables and a power cable.
Mounting
Plate
Note: There are a variety of holes through which you can screw or nail the plate in
place. Choose the two or three that best suit the object to which you are attaching it.
Note: You can use the locking screw to secure the HiveAP 320 to the mounting plate. For information, see
"Locking the HiveAP 320" on page 69.
70
Aerohive
DEVICE, POWER, AND ENVIRONMENTAL SPECIFICATIONS
DEVICE, POWER, AND ENVIRONMENTAL SPECIFICATIONS
Understanding the range of specifications for the HiveAP 320 is necessary for optimal deployment and device
operation. The following specifications describe the physical features and hardware components, the power adapter
and PoE (Power over Ethernet) electrical requirements, and the temperature and humidity ranges in which the
device can operate.
Device Specifications
•
Chassis dimensions: 7 7/8" W x 1 1/2" H x 7 7/8" D (20 cm W x 3.8 cm H x 20 cm D)
•
Weight: 2 lb. (0.68 kg)
•
Antennas: Three omnidirectional 802.11b/g/n antennas, and three omnidirectional 802.11a/n antennas
•
Serial port: RJ-45 (bits per second: 9600, data bits: 8, parity: none, stop bits: 1, flow control: none)
•
Ethernet ports: two autosensing 10/100/1000 Base-T/TX Mbps ports; the ETH0 port is compliant with the IEEE
802.3af standard and the forthcoming 802.at standard for PoE (Power over Ethernet)
Power Specifications
•
•
•
AC/DC power adapter:
•
Input:100 – 240 VAC
•
Output: 48V/0.38A
PoE nominal input voltages:
•
802.3af: 48 V/0.35A
•
Pre-802.3at: 48 V/0.625A
RJ-45 power input pins: Wires 4, 5, 7, 8 or 1, 2, 3, 6
Environmental Specifications
•
Operating temperature: 32 to 104 degrees F (0 to 40 degrees C)
•
Storage temperature: -4 to 158 degrees F (-20 to 70 degrees C)
•
Relative Humidity: Maximum 95%
Deployment Guide
71
Chapter 5 The HiveAP 320 Platform
72
Aerohive
Chapter 10 HiveOS
You can deploy a single HiveAP and it will provide wireless access as an autonomous AP (access point). However, if
you deploy two or more HiveAPs in a hive, you can provide superior wireless access with many benefits. A hive is a
set of HiveAPs that exchange information with each other to form a collaborative whole (see Figure 1). Through
coordinated actions based on shared information, hive members can provide the following services that autonomous
APs cannot:
•
Consistent QoS (quality of service) policy enforcement across all hive members
•
Coordinated and predictive wireless access control that provides fast roaming to clients moving from one hive
member to another
•
Best-path routing for optimized data forwarding
•
Automatic radio frequency and power selection
Figure 1 HiveAPs in a Hive
Wired or Wireless Hive Communications (Backhaul)
Wireless Network Access Connections
Not shown: Switches for wired backhaul
connections and the portal link to the wired network.
Wired Ethernet Network Connections
Hive
Wireless Clients
Wireless Clients
Hive Members
Wireless Clients
Deployment Guide
153
Chapter 10 HiveOS
COMMON DEFAULT SETTINGS AND COMMANDS
Many major components of HiveOS are automated and typically require no further configuration. For example, radio
power and frequency selection occurs automatically, as does route learning. Also, after defining a hive and its
security protocol suite, all HiveAPs belonging to that hive automatically initiate and maintain communications with
each other.
Additionally, there are many default settings that simplify the setup of a HiveAP because these are the typical
settings for many of the most common deployments. The following are some important default settings and the
commands necessary to change them if you need to do so:
mgt0 interface
Default Settings
Commands
DHCP client = enabled
To disable the DHCP client:
no interface mgt0 dhcp client
To set an IP address:
interface mgt0 ip ip_addr netmask
wifi0 and wifi1
interfaces
Default QoS policy
User profile
154
VLAN ID = 1
To set a different VLAN ID:
interface mgt0 vlan number
wifi0 mode = access
wifi1 mode = backhaul
To change the mode of the wifi0 or wifi1 interface:
interface { wifi0 | wifi1 } mode { access
| backhaul }
wifi0 radio profile = radio_g0
wifi1 radio profile = radio_a0
To change the radio profile of the wifi0 or wifi1
interface to a different, previously defined profile:
interface { wifi0 | wifi1 } radio profile
string
antenna = internal
To have the wifi0 interface use an external antenna:
interface { wifi0 | wifi1 } radio antenna
external
channel = automatic selection
To set a specific radio channel:
interface { wifi0 | wifi1 } radio channel
number
power = automatic selection
To set a specific transmission power level (in dBms):
interface { wifi0 | wifi1 } radio power
number
def-user-qos policy:
user profile rate = 54,000 Kbps
user profile weight = 10
user rate limit = 54,000 Kbps
mode = weighted round robin for
Aerohive classes 0 - 5; strict
forwarding for classes 6 - 7
classes 0 - 4 rate limit = 54,000 Kbps
class 5 rate limit = 10,000 Kbps
classes 6 - 7 rate limit = 512 Kbps
To change the default QoS policy:
default-profile:
group ID = 0
policy name = def-user-qos
VLAN ID = 1
You cannot change the group ID or QoS policy name
for the default user profile. To change its VLAN ID:
qos policy def-user-qos qos ah_class
{ strict rate_limit 0 | wrr
rate_limit weight }
qos policy def-user-policy user-profile
rate_limit weight
qos policy def-user-policy user
rate_limit
user-profile default-profile vlan-id
number
Aerohive
CONFIGURATION OVERVIEW
CONFIGURATION OVERVIEW
The amount of configuration depends on the complexity of your deployment. As you can see in "Deployment
Examples (CLI)" on page 161, you can enter a minimum of three commands to deploy a single HiveAP, and just a few
more to deploy a hive.
However, for cases when you need to fine tune access control for more complex environments, HiveOS offers a rich
set of CLI commands. The configuration of HiveAPs falls into two main areas: "Device-Level Configurations" and
"Policy-Level Configurations" on page 156. Consider your deployment plans and then refer to the following sections
for guidance on the commands you need to configure them.
Note: To find all commands using a particular character or string of characters, you can do a search using the
following command: show cmds | { include | exclude } string
Device-Level Configurations
Device-level configurations refer to the management of a HiveAP and its connectivity to wireless clients, the wired
network, and other hive members. The following list contains some key areas of device-level configurations and
relevant commands.
•
Management
•
Administrators, admin authentication method, login parameters, and admin privileges
admin { auth | manager-ip | min-password-length | read-only | read-write |
root-admin } …
•
Logging settings
log { buffered | console | debug | facility | flash | server | trap } …
•
Connectivity settings
•
Interfaces
interface { eth0 | wifi0 | wifi1 } …
•
Layer 2 and layer 3 forwarding routes
route mac_addr …
ip route { default | host | net } ip_addr …
•
VLAN assignments
For users:
user-profile string qos-policy string vlan-id number attribute number
For hive communications:
hive string native-vlan number
For the mgt0 interface:
interface mgt0 vlan number
•
Radio settings
radio profile string …
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Chapter 10 HiveOS
Policy-Level Configurations
Policies control how wireless clients access the network. The following list contains some key areas of policy-level
configurations and relevant commands.
•
QoS settings
qos { classifier-map | classifier-profile | marker-map | marker-profile |
policy } …
•
User profiles
user-profile string …
•
SSIDs
ssid string …
•
AAA (authentication, authorization, and accounting) settings for IEEE 802.1X authentication
aaa radius-server …
While the configuration of most HiveOS features involves one or more related commands, to define and apply a QoS
policy to a group of users, you must configure several different but related features: a QoS policy, a user profile,
and—if you do not authenticate users with a RADIUS server—an SSID that references the user profile, and a
subinterface to which you assign the SSID. The configuration steps are shown in Figure 2.
Figure 2 Steps for Configuring and Applying QoS
First, configure a QoS policy that you want to apply
to wireless traffic from a group of users.
qos policy string ...
Second, configure a user profile that references the
QoS policy you just configured.
user-profile string qos-policy string
vlan-id number attribute number
The next step depends on whether you use
a RADIUS server to authenticate users.
Yes
If you use a RADIUS server, configure
it to return attributes for the realm to
which the wireless users belong. After
authenticating a user, the server
returns these attributes with the
Access-Accept message. The
attributes indicate which
user profile to apply to the
user, and the profile in turn
indicates the QoS policy to
apply.
RADIUS
Server?
No
If you do not use a RADIUS server, create
an SSID that specifies the user profile
attr bute as its default user profile.
ssid string
ssid string defaultuser-profile-attr number
interface interface ssid string
User accounts are stored
on the RADIUS Server.
Returned Attributes
• Tunnel Type = GRE (value = 10)
• Tunnel Medium Type = IPv4 (value = 1)
• Tunnel Private Group ID = user_profile_number
The attributes indicate which user profile to apply to the user,
and the profile in turn indicates which QoS policy to apply.
156
Assign the SSID to an interface.
The HiveAP applies the QoS policy to all
wireless clients that associate with the SSID.
Aerohive
HIVEOS CONFIGURATION FILE TYPES
HIVEOS CONFIGURATION FILE TYPES
HiveOS supports several types of configuration files: running, current, backup, bootstrap, default, and failed.
The running configuration (config) is the configuration that is actively running in DRAM. During the bootup process,
a HiveAP loads the running config from one of up to four config files stored in flash memory:
•
current: a flash file containing a combination of default and admin-defined settings. During the bootup process,
this is the first config that the HiveAP attempts to load as the running config. This is also the file to which you
typically save commands from the running config (you can also save them to the bootstrap config). See Figure 3.
•
backup: a flash file that the HiveAP attempts to load during the reboot process if there is a newly uploaded
current config file or if it cannot load the current config file. See Figure 4 on page 158 and Figure 5 on
page 158.
•
bootstrap: a flash file containing a second config composed of a combination of default and admin-defined
settings. The HiveAP fails over to this config when you enter the reset config command or if both the
current and backup config files fail to load. See Figure 6 on page 160.
•
default: a flash file containing only default settings. If there is no bootstrap config, the HiveAP reverts to this
config when you enter the reset config command or if both the current and backup config files fail to load.
See Figure 6 on page 160.
Note: There is also a failed config file, which holds any backup config that fails to load. See Figure 5 on
page 158.
When using the CLI, the two most frequently accessed config types are the running config and current config. When
you enter a command in the running config, the HiveAP performs it immediately. However, because the running
config is stored in volatile memory (DRAM), the commands are not yet permanent and will be lost when the HiveAP
next reboots. For your configuration settings to persist after rebooting, enter the save config command. This
command saves the running config to the current config, which is a file stored in nonvolatile (flash) memory. See
Figure 3.
Figure 3 Relationship between Running and Current Config Files
Running Config
(in DRAM)
Current Config
(in flash memory)
The running config comprises the current config
plus any commands that have not yet been
saved. The running config runs in DRAM.
The current config comprises saved
commands plus default settings. The
current config is stored in flash memory.
(Note: The commands in bold
have not yet been saved,
which is why they do not appear in the current config.)
Running Config
When you enter the save
a e co
config
fig command,
the HiveAP saves the running config from
DRAM to flash memory, where it becomes
the new current config, replacing the one
previously there.
New Current Config
save config
(Note: After entering the save
a e
config
onfig command, the current and
running configs become identical.)
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Previous Current Config
(overwritten)
157
Chapter 10 HiveOS
When you upload a configuration file from HiveManager or from a TFTP or SCP server, the HiveAP stores the
uploaded file in the backup config partition in flash memory, where it remains until the HiveAP reboots. If there is a
backup config file already stored in flash, the newly uploaded file overwrites it. See Figure 4.
Figure 4 Relationship between Current and Backup Config Files during a File Upload
HiveManager
or
TFTP
Server
or
SCP
Server
HiveAP
Current Config
Config File
New Backup Config
(in flash memory)
When you upload a config file from HiveManager or a TFTP or
SCP server, the HiveAP saves the uploaded file as a backup
config. This file replaces any previous backup config file that
might have been there.
Previous Backup Config
(overwritten)
When the HiveAP reboots, it attempts to load the the newly uploaded config file. If the file loads successfully, the
HiveAP makes that file the new current config and makes the previous current config the new backup config. If the
file does not load successfully, the HiveAP reboots again and loads the previous current config file. The HiveAP saves
the file it was unable to load as a failed config for diagnostics. See Figure 5.
Figure 5 Relationship between Current and Backup Config Files while Rebooting a HiveAP
After uploading a new config
file, the following two config
files are stored in flash
memory on the HiveAP:
Reboot the HiveAP
When you reboot the HiveAP, it tries to load the backup
config. Either of the following two results can occur:
If the newly loaded config
file loads successfully, . . .
If the newly loaded config
file fails to load, . . .
Current Config
(existing config)
. . . it becomes the new
current config, and . . .
. . . the HiveAP reboots
again, loads the previous
current config, and . . .
. . . the previous current
config becomes the new
backup config.
. . . the backup config is
saved as a failed config
(for diagnostic analysis).
Backup Config
(newly uploaded config file)
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HIVEOS CONFIGURATION FILE TYPES
Note: To upload and activate a config file from HiveManager , see "Uploading HiveAP Configurations" on
page 150. To upload and activate a config file from a TFTP or SCP server using the CLI, use the following
commands:
save config tftp://ip_addr:filename current { hh:mm:ss | now | offset hh:mm:ss }
save config scp://username@ip_addr:filename current { hh:mm:ss | now | offset
hh:mm:ss }
When a HiveAP ships from the factory, it is loaded with a default config file, which acts initially as the running and
current configs. If you enter and save any commands, the HiveAP then stores a separate config file as the current
config, combining the default settings with the commands you entered and saved. If you want to return to the
default settings, you can press the reset button (see "Reset Button" on page 27) or enter the reset config
command. A HiveAP might also return to the default config if both the current and backup configs fail to load,
which might happen if you update the HiveOS firmware to an image that cannot work with either config.
Note: You can disable the ability of the reset button to reset the configuration by entering this command: no
reset-button reset-config-enable
Reverting to the default config can be very useful, especially in the early stages when you are still learning about
HiveOS and are likely to be experimenting with different settings. However, retaining the ability of a HiveAP to
revert to its default settings after its deployment can present a problem if it is a mesh point in a hive. If the HiveAP
reverts to the default config, it will not be able to rejoin its hive. Consequently, it will not be able to get an IP
address through DHCP nor be able to communicate with HiveManager (assuming that you are managing it through
HiveManager). In this case, you would have to make a serial connection to the console port on the HiveAP and
reconfigure its hive settings through the CLI.
To avoid the above situation, you can use a bootstrap config. A bootstrap config is typically a small config file that
comes last in the boot order (current – backup – bootstrap) and that replaces the default config as the one a HiveAP
loads when you reset the configuration. See Figure 6 on page 160.
Note: Be careful to remember the login name and password defined in the bootstrap config file. If they become
lost or forgotten, you must obtain a one-time login key from Aerohive technical support. To get the key,
you must already have had a support contract in place. The first one-time login key is free. After that,
there is a small handling fee for each additional key.
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Chapter 10 HiveOS
Figure 6 Relationship of Current, Backup, Bootstrap, and Default Config Files
Configuration Failover Behavior
Backup Config
Current Config
Failover
Bootstrap Config
Failover
. . . or if there is no bootstrap config . . .
If the HiveAP cannot load either the current or backup
config files, it deletes them, reboots, and loads the
bootstrap config— if present—or the default config.
Default Config
Resetting the Configuration
Current Config
reset config
Bootstrap Config
. . . or if there is no bootstrap config . . .
When you enter the reset config
fig command or press the
reset button on the front panel of the HiveAP device, the
HiveAP deletes the previous current config, reboots, and
loads the bootstrap config— if present—or the default config.
Default Config
To create and load a bootstrap config, make a text file containing a set of commands that you want the HiveAP to
load as its bootstrap configuration (for an example, see "Loading a Bootstrap Configuration" on page 179). Save the
file locally and then load it with one of the following commands:
save config tftp://ip_addr:filename bootstrap
save config scp://username@ip_addr:filename bootstrap
Note: Similar to the way that a current config consists of the commands you added on top of the default config,
a bootstrap config consists of default definitions and settings plus whatever other settings you configure.
After it is loaded, you can enter the following command to view the bootstrap file: show config bootstrap
If you want to run the bootstrap config, enter the following commands:
load config bootstrap
reboot
When the bootstrap config loads, enter the login parameters you defined for that configuration. To return to your
previous current config file, enter the following commands:
load config backup
reboot
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Chapter 11 Deployment Examples (CLI)
This chapter presents several deployment examples to introduce the primary tasks involved in configuring HiveAPs
through the HiveOS CLI.
In "Deploying a Single HiveAP" on page 162, you deploy one HiveAP as an autonomous access point. This is the
simplest configuration: you only need to enter and save three commands.
In "Deploying a Hive" on page 165, you add two more HiveAPs to the one deployed in the first example to form a hive
with three members. The user authentication method in this and the previous example is very simple: a preshared
key is defined and stored locally on each HiveAP and on each wireless client.
In "Using IEEE 802.1X Authentication" on page 170, you change the user authentication method. Taking advantage of
existing Microsoft AD (Active Directory) user accounts, the HiveAPs use IEEE 802.1X EAP (Extensible Authentication
Protocol) to forward authentication requests to a RADIUS server whose database is linked to that of the AD server.
In "Applying QoS" on page 173, you apply QoS (Quality of Service) filters to user traffic so that delay-sensitive voice
traffic receives higher priority than other more delay-resistant traffic.
Note: To focus attention on the key concepts of an SSID (first example), hive (second example), and IEEE 802.1X
authentication (third example), QoS was intentionally omitted from these examples. However, the QoS
settings you define in the last example can apply equally well to the configurations in the others.
In "Loading a Bootstrap Configuration" on page 179, you load a bootstrap config file on the HiveAPs. When a
bootstrap config is present, it loads instead of the default config whenever HiveOS is reset or if the current and
backup configs do not load. This example shows how using a bootstrap config can help minimize theft and increase
convenience.
Because each example builds on the previous one, it is recommended to read them sequentially. Doing so will help
build an understanding of the fundamentals involved in configuring HiveAPs.
If you want to view just the CLI commands used in the examples, see "CLI Commands for Examples" on page 182.
Having the commands in blocks by themselves makes it easy to copy-and-paste them at the command prompt.
The following are the equipment and network requirements for these examples:
•
Equipment
• Management system (computer) capable of creating a serial connection to the HiveAP
• VT100 emulator on the management system
• Serial cable (also called a "null modem cable") that ships as an option with the HiveAP product. You use this
to connect your management system to the HiveAP.
Note: You can also access the CLI by using Telnet or SSH (Secure Shell). After connecting a HiveAP to the
network, make either a Telnet or SSH connection to the IP address that the DHCP server assigns the
mgt0 interface.
•
Network
• Layer 2 switch through which you connect the HiveAP to the wired network
• Ethernet cable—either straight-through or cross-over
• Network access to a DHCP server
• For the third and fourth examples, network access to an AD (Active Directory) server and RADIUS server
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Chapter 11 Deployment Examples (CLI)
EXAMPLE 1: DEPLOYING A SINGLE HIVEAP
In this example, you deploy one HiveAP (HiveAP-1) to provide network access to a small office with 15 – 20 wireless
clients. You only need to define the following SSID (service set identifier) parameters on the HiveAP and clients:
•
SSID name: employee
•
Security protocol suite: WPA-auto-psk
•
•
WPA – Uses Wi-Fi Protected Access, which provides dynamic key encryption and mutual authentication of
the client and HiveAP
•
Auto – Automatically negotiates WPA or WPA2 and the encryption protocol: AES (Advanced Encryption
Standard) or TKIP (Temporal Key Integrity Protocol)
•
PSK – Derives encryption keys from a preshared key that the client and HiveAP both already have
Preshared key: N38bu7Adr0n3
After defining SSID "employee" on HiveAP-1, you then bind it to the wifi0 interface, which is in access mode by
default. The wifi0 interface operates at 2.4 GHz (in accordance with the IEEE 802.11b, g, and n standards). This
example assumes that the clients also support 802.11b, g, or n.
Note: By default, the wifi1 interface is in backhaul mode and operates at 5 GHz to support IEEE 802.11a. To
put wifi1 in access mode so that both interfaces provide access—the wifi0 interface at 2.4 GHz and the
wifi1 interface at 5 GHz—enter this command: interface wifi1 mode access. Then, in addition
to binding SSID "employee" to wifi0 (as explained in step 2), also bind it to wifi1.
Figure 1 Single HiveAP for a Small Wireless Network
Wireless Network-1
Wired Network
HiveAP-1
Switch
Firewall
Internet
Wireless clients associate
with HiveAP-1 using SSID
"employee" with the security
suite WPA-auto-psk
(PSK = N38bu7Adr0n3).
Step 1
wifi0 interface
SSID "employee"
Access mode
IEEE 802.11b/g/n
The wireless clients and the mgt0
interface on HiveAP-1 receive their
Physical interface: eth0
IP addresses and associated TCP/IP
Logical interface: mgt0
settings from the DHCP server.
Backhaul mode
Network portal
DHCP Server
Log in through the console port
1. Connect the power cable from the DC power connector on the HiveAP to the AC/DC power adaptor that ships
with the device as an option, and connect that to a 100 – 240-volt power source.
Note: If the switch supports PoE (Power over Ethernet), the HiveAP can receive its power that way instead.
The Power LED glows steady amber during the bootup process. After the bootup process completes, it then
glows steady green to indicate that the firmware is loaded and running.
2. Connect one end of an RS-232 serial (or "null modem") cable to the serial port (or Com port) on your
management system.
3. Connect the other end of the cable to the male DB-9 or RJ-45 console port on the HiveAP.
162
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EXAMPLE 1: DEPLOYING A SINGLE HIVEAP
4. On your management system, run a VT100 terminal emulation program, such as Tera Term Pro© (a free terminal
emulator) or Hilgraeve Hyperterminal® (provided with Windows® operating systems). Use the following settings:
•
Bits per second (baud rate): 9600
•
Data bits: 8
•
Parity: none
•
Stop bits: 1
•
Flow control: none
For HiveAPs set with "FCC" as the region code, the Initial CLI Configuration Wizard appears. For HiveAPs set with
"world" as the region code, a prompt appears to set the country code for the location where you intend to
deploy the HiveAP. To set the country code, enter the boot-param country-code number command, in
which number is the appropriate country code number. For a list of country codes, see "Appendix A Country
Codes" on page 189.
5. Because you do not need to configure all the settings presented in the wizard, press N to cancel it.
The login prompt appears.
6. Log in using the default user name admin and password aerohive.
Step 2
Configure the HiveAP
1. Create an SSID and assign it to an interface.
ssid employee
ssid employee security protocol-suite wpa-auto-psk ascii-key N38bu7Adr0n3
You first create an SSID named "employee" and then define its protocol suite and preshared key
(N38bu7Adr0n3) in standard ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) text.
interface wifi0 ssid employee
You assign the SSID to the wifi0 interface, which is in access mode by default. When you make this
assignment, the HiveAP automatically creates subinterface wifi0.1 and uses that for the SSID. (The
HiveAP 20 series supports up to seven subinterfaces per Wi-Fi interface for a possible maximum total of
14 SSIDs when both wifi0 and wifi1 are in access mode. The HiveAP 300 series supports up to eight per
interface for a possible maximum total of 16.) A HiveAP can use one or two Wi-Fi interfaces in access
mode to communicate with wireless clients accessing the network, and a Wi-Fi interface in backhaul
mode to communicate wirelessly with other HiveAPs when in a hive (see subsequent examples).
2. (Optional) Change the name and password of the root admin.
admin root-admin mwebster password 3fF8ha
As a safety precaution, you change the default root admin name and password to mwebster and 3fF8ha.
The next time you log in, use these instead of the default definitions.
Note: By default, the minimum password length is 5 characters. You can change the minimum length by
entering the following command: admin min-password-length  (The minimum
password length can be between 5 and 16 characters.)
3. (Optional) Change the host name of the HiveAP.
hostname HiveAP-1
4. Save your changes to the currently running configuration, and then log out of the serial session.
save config
exit
The HiveAP configuration is complete.
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Step 3
Configure the wireless clients
Define the "employee" SSID on all the wireless clients. Specify WPA-PSK for network authentication, AES or TKIP
for data encryption, and the preshared key N38bu7Adr0n3.
Step 4
Position and power on the HiveAP
1. Place the HiveAP within range of the wireless clients and, optionally, mount it as explained in the mounting
section in the chapter about the HiveAP model that you are using.
2. Connect an Ethernet cable from the PoE In port to the network switch.
3. If you have powered off the HiveAP, power it back on by reconnecting it to a power source.
When you power on the HiveAP, the mgt0 interface, which connects to the wired network through the eth0 port,
automatically receives its IP address through DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol).
Step 5
Check that clients can form associations and access the network
1. To check that a client can associate with the HiveAP and access the network, open a wireless client application
and connect to the "employee" SSID. Then contact a network resource, such as a web server.
2. Log in to the HiveAP CLI, and check that you can see the MAC address of the associated client and an indication
that the correct SSID is in use by entering the following command:
show ssid employee station
Chan=channel number; Pow=Power in dbm;
A-Mode=Authentication mode; Cipher=Encryption mode;
A-Time=Associated time; Auth=Authenticated;
UPID=User profile Identifier; Phymode=Physical mode;
Mac Addr
IP Addr
-------------- ---------
Chan
Rate
Pow
A-Mode
Cipher
A-Time
VLAN
Auth
UPID
Phymode
----
----
----
--------
-------
--------
----
----
----
-------
54M
-38
wpa2-psk
aes ccm
00:00:56
Yes
11g
0016:cf8c:57bc 10.1.1.35 11
Check that the MAC address
in the table matches that of
the wireless client .
Check that the authentication and
encryption modes match those in
the SSID security protocol suite.
Note: You can also enter the following commands to check the association status of a wireless client:
show auth, show roaming cache, and show roaming cache mac .
The setup of a single HiveAP is complete. Wireless clients can now associate with the HiveAP using SSID "employee"
and access the network.
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EXAMPLE 2: DEPLOYING A HIVE
EXAMPLE 2: DEPLOYING A HIVE
Building on "Deploying a Single HiveAP" on page 162, the office network has expanded and requires more HiveAPs to
provide greater coverage. In addition to the basic configuration covered in the previous example, you configure all
three HiveAPs to form a hive within the same layer 2 switched network. The following are the configuration details
for the hive:
•
Hive name: hive1
•
Preshared key for hive1 communications: s1r70ckH07m3s
Note: The security protocol suite for hive communications is WPA-AES-psk.
HiveAP-1 and -2 are cabled to a switch and use the native ("untagged") VLAN for wired backhaul communications.
They communicate with each other over both wired and wireless backhaul links, the wired link taking precedence.
However, HiveAP-3 only communicates with HiveAP-1 and -2 over a wireless link (see Figure 2). Because HiveAP-1
and -2 connect to the wired network, they act as portals. In contrast, HiveAP-3 is a mesh point.
Figure 2 Three HiveAPs in a Hive
Wireless Network-1
Internet
Hive1
HiveAP-1
(Portal)
Firewall
Switch
DHCP
Server
Wireless Network-2
Wireless Network-3
HiveAP-2
(Portal)
Wired Hive Backhaul Communications
Wireless Hive Backhaul Communications
Wireless Network Access Connections
HiveAP-3
(Mesh Point)
HiveAP-1 and HiveAP-2 are portals and use both wired and
wireless backhaul methods to communicate with each other.
HiveAP-3 is a mesh point, using only a wireless connection for
backhaul communications with the other two hive members.
Wired Ethernet Network Connections
Note: If all hive members can communicate over wired backhaul links, you can then use both radios for access.
The wifi0 interface is already in access mode by default. To put wifi1 in access mode, enter this command:
interface wifi1 mode access. In this example, however, a wireless backhaul link is required.
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Chapter 11 Deployment Examples (CLI)
Step 1
Configure HiveAP-1
1. Using the connection settings described in the first example, log in to HiveAP-1.
2. Configure HiveAP-1 as a member of "hive1" and set the security protocol suite.
hive hive1
You create a hive, which is a set of HiveAPs that collectively distribute data and coordinate activities
among themselves, such as client association data for fast roaming, route data for making optimal
data-path forwarding decisions, and policy enforcement for QoS (Quality of Service) and security.
hive hive1 password s1r70ckH07m3s
You define the password that hive members use to derive the preshared key for securing backhaul
communications with each other. The password must be the same on all hive members.
interface mgt0 hive hive1
By setting "hive1" on the mgt0 interface, you join HiveAP-1 to the hive.
save config
3. Before closing the console session, check the radio channel that HiveAP-1 uses on its backhaul interface, which
by default is wifi1:
show interface
State=Operational state; Chan=Channel;
Radio=Radio profile; U=up; D=down;
Name
MAC addr
Mode
State Chan
VLAN
Radio
Hive
SSID
-------
--------------
--------
----- ----
----
--------
-----
--------
Mgt0
0019:7700:0020
hive1
Eth0
0019:7700:0020
backhaul
hive1
Wifi0
0019:7700:0024
access
11
radio_ng0
Wifi0.1
0019:7700:0024
access
11
radio_ng0
hive1
Wifi1
0019:7700:0028
backhaul
149
radio_na0
Wifi1.1
0019:7700:0028
backhaul
149
radio_na0
hive1
employee
The wifi1 interface and the wifi1.1 subinterface are in backhaul mode and
are using channel 149. Both wifi1 and wifi1.1 use the default radio profile
radio_na0. (Depending on the HiveAP model, the default profile might be
radio_a0.) This is a profile for radio2, which operates in the 5 GHz
frequency range as specified in the IEEE 802.11a and n standards.
HiveAP-1 is set to use wireless interface wifi1 and its subinterface wifi1.1 for backhaul communications.
Write down the radio channel for future reference (in this example, it is 149). When configuring
HiveAP-2 and -3, make sure that they also use this channel for backhaul communications.
exit
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EXAMPLE 2: DEPLOYING A HIVE
Step 2
Configure HiveAP-2 and HiveAP-3
1. Power on HiveAP-2 and log in through its console port.
2. Configure HiveAP-2 with the same commands that you used for HiveAP-1:
ssid employee
ssid employee security protocol-suite wpa-auto-psk ascii-key N38bu7Adr0n3
interface wifi0 ssid employee
hive hive1
hive hive1 password s1r70ckH07m3s
interface mgt0 hive hive1
3. (Optional) Change the name and password of the superuser.
admin superuser mwebster password 3fF8ha
4. Check that the channel ID for wifi1 and wifi1.1 is now 149.
show interface
If the channel ID for wifi1 and wifi1.1 is not 149, set it to 149 so that HiveAP-2 uses the same channel as
HiveAP-1 for backhaul communications.
interface wifi1 radio channel 149
Setting the channel for the parent interface (wifi1) sets it for all its subinterfaces. An interface in
backhaul mode only needs one subinterface, which by default is wifi1.1.
save config
exit
5. Repeat the above steps for HiveAP-3.
Step 3
Connect HiveAP-2 and HiveAP-3 to the network
1. Place HiveAP-2 within range of its clients and within range of HiveAP-1. This allows HiveAP-1 and -2 to send
backhaul communications to each other wirelessly as a backup path in case either member loses its wired
connection to the network.
2. Connect an Ethernet cable from the PoE In port on HiveAP-2 to the network switch.
3. Power on HiveAP-2 by connecting it to a power source.
After HiveAP-2 finishes booting up (indicated when the Power LED changes from steady amber to steady green),
it automatically discovers another member of hive1 (HiveAP-1). The two members use a preshared key based on
their shared secret (s1r70ckH07m3s) to authenticate each other and AES to encrypt wired backhaul
communications and AES-CCMP to encrypt wireless backhaul communications between themselves. You can tell
when they have formed a hive because the Mesh LED changes its blinking pattern from a fast to slow.
4. Place HiveAP-3 within range of its wireless clients and one or both of the other hive members.
5. Power on HiveAP-3 by connecting it to a power source.
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After HiveAP-3 boots up, it discovers the two other members of hive1 over a wireless backhaul link. The
members authenticate themselves and establish a security association for encrypting backhaul communications
among themselves. HiveAP-3 then learns its default route to the wired network from the other hive members. If
the other members send routes with equal costs—which is what happens in this example—HiveAP-3 uses the first
route it receives. When it learns this route, it can communicate with the DHCP server to get an IP address for its
mgt0 interface.
6. Check that HiveAP-3 has associated with the other members at the wireless level.
Log in to HiveAP-3 and enter this command to see its neighbors in hive1:
HiveAP-3
show hive hive1 neighbor
Chan=channel number; Pow=Power in dBm;
A-Mode=Authentication mode; Cipher=Encryption mode;
Conn-Time=Connected time; Hstate=Hive State;
Mac Addr
Chan
Tx Rate
Rx Rate
Pow
A-Mode
Cipher
Conn-Time
Hstate
Phymode Hive
-------------- ----
-------
-------
---
------
-------
---------
------
------- ----
0019:7700:0028 149
54M
54M
-16
psk
aes ccm
00:04:15
Auth
11a
hive1
0019:7700:0438 149
54M
54M
-16
psk
aes ccm
00:04:16
Auth
11a
hive1
Neighbors
HiveAP-1
wifi1.1 MAC Address
0019:7700:0028
HiveAP-2
In the output of the show hive hive1 neighbor
command, you can see hive-level and member-level
information. (On HiveAPs supporting 802.11n, the
channel width for hive communications—20 or 40
MHz—is also shown.)
When you see the MAC addresses of the other hive
members, you know that HiveAP-3 learned them over
a wireless backhaul link.
The following are the various hive states that can appear:
Disv (Discover) - Another HiveAP has been discovered, but there is a
mismatch with its hive ID.
Neibor (Neighbor) - Another HiveAP has been discovered whose hive
ID matches, but it has not yet been authenticated.
wifi1.1 MAC Address
0019:7700:0438
CandPr (Candidate Peer) - The hive ID on a discovered HiveAP
matches, and it can accept more neighbors.
AssocPd (Association Pending) - A HiveAP is on the same backhaul
channel, and an assocation process in progress.
Assocd (Associated) - A HiveAP has associated with the local HiveAP
and can now start the authentication process.
Auth (Authenticated) - The HiveAP has been authenticated and can
now exchange data traffic.
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EXAMPLE 2: DEPLOYING A HIVE
7. To check that the hive members have full data connectivity with each other, associate a client in wireless
network-1 with HiveAP-1 (the SSID "employee" is already defined on clients in wireless network-1; see
"Deploying a Single HiveAP"). Then check if HiveAP-1 forwards the client’s MAC address to the others to store in
their roaming caches.
After associating a wireless client with HiveAP-1, log in to
HiveAP-1 and enter this command:
show ssid employee station
HiveAP-1
Chan=channel number; Pow=Power in dBm;
A-Mode=Authentication mode; Cipher=Encryption mode;
A-Time=Associated time; Auth=Authenticated;
UPID=User profile Identifier; Phymode=Physical mode;
Mac Addr
IP Addr
Chan Tx Rate
Rx Rate Pow
A-Mode
--------------
---------- ---- -------
------- ---
-------- ------- -------- ----
---- ---- -------
0016:cf8c:57bc
10.1.1.73
wpa2-psk aes ccm 00:01:46
Yes
54M
54M -40
Cipher
A-Time
VLAN
Auth UPID Phymode
0 11b/g
Note: On HiveAPs supporting IEEE 802.11n, there are
two additional columns for SM-PS (spatial multiplexing
power save) and channel width (20 or 40 MHz). The
SM-PS states can be “static” (use one data stream for
11a/b/g clients), “dynamic” (use multiple spatial streams
for 11n clients when the HiveAP sends an RTS frame),
or “disabled” (always use spatial streams for 11n clients).
Total station count: 1
This MAC address is for the
wireless adapter of the client
(or “supplicant”) associated
with the SSID “employee”.
Then log in to HiveAP-2 and enter this command:
HiveAP-2
show roaming cache
Roaming Cache Table:
UID=User profile group ID; PMK=Pairwise Master Key;
TLC=PMK Time Left in Cache; Life=PMK Life; A=authenticated; L= CWP Logged In
Roaming for this HiveAP: enabled
Maximum Caching Time:
3600 seconds
Caching update interval: 60 seconds
Caching update times:
60
Roaming hops:
SSID employee:
Maximum Caching Time:
3600 seconds
Caching update interval: 60 seconds
Caching update times:
No. Supplicant
60
Authenticator
UID PMK
PMKID Life
--- -------------- -------------- --- ----- ----- ---0
0016:cf8c:57bc 0019:7700:0024 0
This is the same MAC address
for the client (station) that you
saw listed on HiveAP-1.
1349* 1615* -1
Age
TLC
Hop AL
-----
---
--- --
195
46
YN
This MAC address is for the wifi0.1
subinterface of HiveAP-1, the HiveAP
with which the wireless client associated.
When you see the MAC address of the wireless client that is associated with HiveAP-1 in the roaming
cache of HiveAP-2, you know that HiveAP-1 and -2 are successfully sending data over the backhaul link.
Repeat this to confirm that HiveAP-3 also has a backhaul connection with the other members.
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Step 4
Configure wireless clients
Define the "employee" SSID on all the wireless clients in wireless network-2 and -3. Specify WPA-PSK for network
authentication, AES or TKIP for data encryption, and the preshared key N38bu7Adr0n3.
The setup of hive1 is complete. Wireless clients can now associate with the HiveAPs using SSID "employee" and
access the network. The HiveAPs communicate with each other to share client associations (to support fast roaming)
and routing data (to select optimal data paths).
EXAMPLE 3: USING IEEE 802.1X AUTHENTICATION
In this example, you use a Microsoft AD (Active Directory) server and a RADIUS server to authenticate wireless
network users. To accomplish this, you make the following modifications to the hive set up in "Deploying a Hive":
•
Configure settings for the RADIUS server on the HiveAPs
•
Change the SSID parameters on the HiveAPs and wireless clients to use IEEE 802.1X
The basic network design is shown in Figure 3.
Figure 3 Hive and 802.1X Authentication
Internet
Hive1
Wireless Network-1
HiveAP-1
Firewall
Switch
RADIUS Server
10.1.1.10
DHCP
Server
Wireless Network-3
Wireless Network-2
HiveAP-2
Wired Hive Backhaul Communications
Wireless Hive Backhaul Communications
Wireless Network Access Connections
Wired Ethernet Network Connections
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Active Directory
Server
HiveAP-3
The HiveAPs receive PEAP (Protected EAP) authentication requests
from clients and forward them inside RADIUS authentication packets
to the RADIUS server at 10.1.1.10. The RADIUS server is in turn
linked to the database of the Active Directory server on which all the
user accounts have previously been created and stored.
Aerohive
EXAMPLE 3: USING IEEE 802.1X AUTHENTICATION
Note: This example assumes that the RADIUS and AD servers were previously configured and populated with user
accounts that have been in use on a wired network (not shown). The only additional configuration on these
servers is to enable the RADIUS server to accept authentication requests from the HiveAPs.
Step 1
Define the RADIUS server on the HiveAP-1
Configure the settings for the RADIUS server (IP address and shared secret) on HiveAP-1.
aaa radius-server first 10.1.1.10 shared-secret s3cr3741n4bl0X
The IP address of the RADIUS server is 10.1.1.10, and the shared secret that HiveAP-1 and the RADIUS
server use to authenticate each other is "s3cr3741n4b10X". You must also enter the same shared secret
on the RADIUS server when you define the HiveAPs as access devices (see step 5).
Step 2
Change the SSID on HiveAP-1
1. Change the authentication method in the SSID.
ssid employee security protocol-suite wpa-auto-8021x
save config
The protocol suite requires WPA (Wi-Fi Protected Access) or WPA2 security protocol for authentication
and key management, AES or TKIP encryption, and user authentication through IEEE 802.1X.
2. Enter the show interface mgt0 command and note the dynamically assigned IP address of the mgt0
interface. You need to know this address to define HiveAP-1 as an access device on the RADIUS server in step 5.
exit
Step 3
Configure HiveAP-2 and HiveAP-3
1. Log in to HiveAP-2 through its console port.
2. Configure HiveAP-2 with the same commands that you used for HiveAP-1:
aaa radius-server first 10.1.1.10 shared-secret s3cr3741n4bl0X
ssid employee security protocol-suite wpa-auto-8021x
save config
Note: Although all HiveAPs in this example use the same shared secret, they can also use different secrets.
3. Enter the show interface mgt0 command to learn its IP address. You need this address for step 5.
exit
4. Log in to HiveAP-3 and enter the same commands.
Step 4
Modify the SSID on the wireless clients
Modify the "employee" SSID on all the wireless clients in wireless network-2 and -3. Specify WPA or WPA2 for network
authentication, AES or TKIP for data encryption, and PEAP (Protected EAP) for user authentication.
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Step 5
Configure the RADIUS Server to accept authentication requests from the HiveAPs
Log in to the RADIUS server and define the three HiveAPs as access devices. Enter their mgt0 IP addresses (or
fully-qualified domain names) and shared secret.
Step 6
Check that clients can form associations and access the network
1. To check that a client can associate with a HiveAP and access the network, open a wireless client application
and connect to the "employee" SSID. Then contact a network resource, such as a web server.
2. Log in to the HiveAP CLI, and check that you can see the MAC address or the associated client and an indication
that the correct SSID is in use by entering the following command:
show ssid employee station
Chan=channel number; Pow=Power in dBm;
A-Mode=Authentication mode; Cipher=Encryption mode;
A-Time=Associated time; Auth=Authenticated;
UPID=User profile Identifier; Phymode=Physical mode;
Mac Addr
IP Addr
Chan Tx Rate
Rx Rate Pow
A-Mode
--------------
---------- ---- -------
------- ---
-------- ------- -------- ----
---- ---- -------
0016:cf8c:57bc
10.1.1.73
8021x
Yes
54M
54M -40
Cipher
A-Time
aes ccm 00:02:34
VLAN
Auth UPID Phymode
0 11b/g
Total station count: 1
Check that the MAC and IP
addresses in the table match
those of the wireless client .
Check that the authentication and
encryption modes match those in
the SSID security protocol suite.
Note: You can also enter the following commands to check the association status of a wireless client:
show auth, show roaming cache, and show roaming cache mac .
The setup for using IEEE 802.1X is complete. Wireless clients can now associate with the HiveAP using SSID
"employee", authenticate themselves through IEEE 802.1X to a RADIUS server, and access the network.
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EXAMPLE 4: APPLYING QOS
EXAMPLE 4: APPLYING QOS
In this example, you want the hive members to prioritize voice, streaming media, and e-mail traffic. First, you map
distinguishing elements of these traffic types to three Aerohive QoS (Quality of Service) classes:
Class 6: voice traffic from VoIP phones with MAC OUI 00:12:3b (the OUI for all phones in the network)
Voice traffic is very sensitive to delay and cannot tolerate packet loss without loss of voice quality. When
other traffic is competing with voice traffic for bandwidth, it becomes essential to prevent that traffic from
interfering with voice traffic. Because voice traffic for a single call requires very little bandwidth—typically
from 8 to 64 Kbps depending on the voice codec used—a good approach for setting its rate is to calculate
the bandwidth necessary for a voice call plus related telephony traffic from a single user’s computer,
softphone, or handset and then multiply that by the potential number of concurrent VoIP users.
Class 5: streaming media using the MMS (Microsoft Media Server) protocol on TCP port 1755
Although streaming media is also time sensitive, streaming media software for both clients and servers
offers limited buffering to prevent choppy sounds and pixelated video when network congestion occurs.
Because congestion for more than a few seconds can adversely effect streaming media, it is important to
assign this type of traffic a higher priority than other types, but its priority should be lower than that for
voice, which is even more sensitive to delay.
Class 3: data traffic for e-mail using the following protocols:
SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) on TCP port 25
POP3 (Post Office Protocol version 3) on TCP port 110
Then you create classifier profiles that reference these traffic-to-class mappings. You bind the profiles to the
wifi0.1 and eth0 interfaces so that hive members map the traffic matching these profiles that arrives at these
interfaces to the proper Aerohive classes.
You next define a QoS policy that defines how the hive members prioritize and process the traffic mapped to
Aerohive classes 6, 5, and 3. The QoS policy (named "voice") is shown in Figure 4 on page 174 and has these settings:
Class 6 (voice)
Forwarding: strict (Hive members forward traffic mapped to this class immediately without queuing it.)
Maximum rate for all class 6 traffic: 512 Kbps, which supports an 8- to 64-Kbps VoIP call (depending on the
compression that the codec provides) plus other telephony traffic such as DHCP, DNS, HTTP, and TFTP.
Class 5 (streaming media)
Forwarding: WRR (weighted round robin) with a weight of 90
By assigning class 5 a higher weight (90) than class 3 and 2 weights (class 3 = 60, class 2 = 30), you give
streaming media roughly a 3:2 priority over class 3 traffic and a 3:1 priority over class 2 traffic.
Maximum traffic rate for all class 5 traffic: 20,000 Kbps
You change the bandwidth available for streaming media when there is no competition for it (the
default rate for class 5 is 10,000 Kbps on HiveAPs that do not support the IEEE 802.11n standard and
50,000 Kbps on HiveAPs that do. However, you do not set the maximum rate (54,000 or 1,000,000 Kbps,
depending on the HiveAP model that you are configuring) to ensure that streaming media does not
consume all available bandwidth even if it is available.
Class 3 (e-mail)
Forwarding: WRR with a weight of 60
To help ensure that e-mail traffic remains flowing even when other types of data traffic compete with it
for available bandwidth, you elevate its priority by mapping SMTP and POP3 traffic to class 3 and giving
that class a higher weight (60) than the weight for class 2 traffic (30).
Maximum traffic rate for all class 3 traffic: 54,000 or 1,000,000 Kbps (the default, depending on the HiveAP)
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Note: The HiveAP assigns all traffic that you do not specifically map to an Aerohive class to class 2, which by
default uses WRR with a weight of 30 and a rate of 54,000 or 1,000,000 Kbps, depending on the HiveAP.
Figure 4 QoS Policy "voice" for Voice, Streaming Media, and Data
QoS Policy: “voice”
Voice
qos policy voice qos 6 strict 512 0
The policy assigns the highest priority to voice traffic (class 6). For each voice session up to
512 Kbps, hive members provide “strict” forwarding; that is, they forward traffic immediately
without queuing it.
Streaming
Media
qos policy voice qos 5 wrr 20000 90
Because streaming media (class 5) needs more bandwidth than voice does, the policy
defines a higher forwarding rate for it: 20,000 Kbps. It sorts streaming media into forwarding
queues using the WRR (weighted round robin) mechanism. It also prioritizes streaming media
by assigning a higher weight (90) than it assigns data traffic (class 3 = 60, class 2 = 30).
Data
qos policy voice qos 3 wrr { 54000 | 1000000 } 60
qos policy voice qos 2 wrr { 54000 | 1000000 } 30*
* You do not need to enter this command because it just sets the default
values for class 2. It is shown to provide contrast with the previous command.
The policy sorts class 3 and 2 traffic into forwarding queues using WRR and defines the
highest forwarding rate: 54,000 Kbps or 1,000,000 Kbps, depending on the HiveAP model
that you are configuring. It gives class 3 (for e-mail protocols SMTP and POP3) a higher WRR
weight (60) so that the HiveAP queues more e-mail traffic in proportion to other types of traffic
in class 2, which has a weight of 30 by default. As a result, e-mail traffic has a better chance
of being forwarded than other types of traffic when bandwidth is scarce.
Class 2 is for all types of traffic not mapped to an Aerohive class—such as HTTP for example.
Note: This example assumes that the RADIUS and AD servers were previously configured and populated with user
accounts and have been serving a wired network (not shown). The only additional configuration is to
enable the RADIUS server to accept authentication requests from the HiveAPs.
Finally, you create a user profile "employee-net" and apply the QoS policy "voice" to the user profile on each hive
member. You also configure the RADIUS server to return attributes in its authentication responses to indicate the
user group to which the hive members then assign users.
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EXAMPLE 4: APPLYING QOS
Step 1
Map traffic types to Aerohive QoS classes on HiveAP-1
1. Map the MAC OUI (organizational unit identifier) of network users’ VoIP phones to Aerohive class 6.
qos classifier-map oui 00:12:3b qos 6
In this example, all network users use VoIP phones from the same vendor whose OUI (that is, the MAC
address prefix ) is 00:12:3b. When HiveAP-1 receives traffic from a client whose source MAC address
contains this OUI, it assigns it to Aerohive class 6.
2. Define the custom services that you need.
service mms tcp 1755
service smtp tcp 25
service pop3 tcp 110
The MMS (Microsoft Media Server) protocol can use several transports (UDP, TCP, and HTTP). However,
for a HiveAP to be able to map a service to an Aerohive QoS class, it must be able to identify that
service by a unique characteristic such as a static destination port number or a nonstandard protocol
number. Unlike MMS/UDP and MMS/HTTP, both of which use a range of destination ports, MMS/TCP uses
the static destination port 1755, which a HiveAP can use to map the service to an Aerohive class.
Therefore, you define a custom service for MMS using TCP port 1755. You also define custom services for
SMTP and POP3 so that you can map them to Aerohive class 3. By doing so, you can prioritize e-mail
traffic above other types of traffic that the HiveAP assigns to class 2 by default.
3. Map services to Aerohive classes.
qos classifier-map service mms qos 5
qos classifier-map service smtp qos 3
qos classifier-map service pop3 qos 3
Unless you map a specific service to an Aerohive QoS class, a HiveAP maps all traffic to class 2. In this
example, you prioritize voice, media, and e-mail traffic by assigning them to higher QoS classes than
class 2, and then by defining the forwarding and weighting mechanisms for each class (see step 3).
Step 2
Create profiles to check traffic arriving at interfaces on HiveAP-1
1. Define two classifier profiles for the traffic types "mac" and "service".
qos classifier-profile employee-voice mac
qos classifier-profile employee-voice service
qos classifier-profile eth0-voice mac
qos classifier-profile eth0-voice service
Classifier profiles define which components of incoming traffic HiveAP-1 checks. Because you specify
"mac" and "service", it checks the MAC address in the Ethernet frame header and the service type (by
protocol number in the IP packet header and port number in the transport packet header). If it detects
traffic matching a classifier-map, it maps it to the appropriate Aerohive class. However, before this can
happen, you must first associate the profiles with the interfaces that will be receiving the traffic that
you want checked. This you do with the next two commands.
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2. Associate the classifier profiles with the employee SSID and the eth0 interface so that HiveAP-1 can classify
incoming traffic arriving at these two interfaces.
ssid employee qos-classifier employee-voice
interface eth0 qos-classifier eth0-voice
By creating two QoS classifiers and associating them with the employee SSID and eth0 interface,
HiveAP-1 can classify traffic flowing in both directions for subsequent QoS processing; that is, it can
classify traffic flowing from the wireless LAN to the wired LAN, and from the wired LAN to the wireless
LAN.
Note: If the surrounding network employs the IEEE 802.11p QoS classification system (for wired network
traffic) or 802.11e (for wireless network traffic), you can ensure that HiveAP-1 checks for them by
entering these commands:
qos classifier-profile eth0-voice 8021p
qos classifier-profile employee-voice 80211e
Step 3
Apply QoS on HiveAP-1
1. Create a QoS policy.
For HiveAPs supporting IEEE 802.11a/b/g:
qos policy voice qos 5 wrr 20000 90
qos policy voice qos 3 wrr 54000 60
For HiveAPs supporting IEEE 802.11a/b/g/n:
qos policy voice qos 6 strict 512 0
qos policy voice qos 5 wrr 20000 90
qos policy voice qos 3 wrr 1000000 60
By default, a newly created QoS policy attempts to forward traffic mapped to classes 6 and 7
immediately upon receipt. This immediate forwarding of received traffic is called "strict" forwarding. To
assign strict forwarding to VoIP traffic from phones whose MAC OUI is mapped to class 6, you simply
retain the default settings for class 6 traffic on HiveAPs supporting 802.11a/b/g data rates. For HiveAPs
supporting 802.11n data rates, the default user profile rate is 20,000 Kbps for class 6 traffic, so you
change it to 512 Kbps.
For classes 5 and 3, you limit the rate of traffic and set WRR (weighted round robin) weights so that the
HiveAP can control how to put the rate-limited traffic into forwarding queues. You use the default
settings for class 2 traffic.
When you enter any one of the above commands, the HiveAP automatically sets the maximum
bandwidth for all members of the user group to which you later apply this policy and the bandwidth for
any individual group member. You leave the maximum traffic rate at the default 54,000 Kbps or
1,000,000 Kbps—depending on the HiveAP model that you are configuring—for the user group. You also
leave the maximum bandwidth for a single user at 54,000 or 1,000,000 Kbps, so that if a single user
needs all the bandwidth and there is no competition for it, that user can use it all.
Also by default, the traffic rate for this policy has a weight of 10. At this point, because this is the only
QoS policy, the weight is inconsequential. If there were other QoS policies, then their weights would
help determine how the HiveAP would allocate the available bandwidth.
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Aerohive
EXAMPLE 4: APPLYING QOS
The QoS policy that you define is shown in Figure 5. Although you did not configure settings for Aerohive QoS
classes 0, 1, 2, 4, and 7, the policy applies default settings to them. The HiveAP assigns all traffic that you do
not specifically map to an Aerohive class to class 2, which uses WRR with a weight of 30 and a default rate of
54,000 or 1,000,000 Kbps. Because nothing is mapped to classes 0, 1, 4, and 7, their settings are irrelevant.
Figure 5 QoS Policy "voice"
The user profile rate defines the total amount of bandwidth for all users to
which this policy applies. The user rate defines the maximum amount for any
single user. The user rate can be equal to but not greater than the user profile
rate. (Note: The maximums shown here are for HiveAPs that support 802.11n
data rates. For other HiveAPs, the maximum rates are 54,000 Kbps.)
show qos policy voice
Policy name=voice; user rate limit=1000000kbps;
User profile rate=1000000kbps; user profile weight=10;
Class=0; mode=wrr; weight=10; limit=1000000kbps;
Class=1; mode=wrr; weight=20; limit=1000000kbps;
Class=2; mode=wrr; weight=30; limit=1000000kbps;
Class=3; mode=wrr; weight=60; limit=1000000kbps;
Class=4; mode=wrr; weight=50; limit=1000000kbps;
Class=5; mode=wrr; weight=90; limit=20000kbps;
Class=6; mode=strict; weight=0; limit=512kbps;
Class=7; mode=strict; weight=0; limit=20000kbps;
The forwarding mode for class 6 (voice)
is strict. The HiveAP forwards packets
belonging to this class immediately
without queuing them.
The forwarding mode for class 5 (streaming media) and 2 - 3
(data) is WRR (weighted round robin). The HiveAP forwards
traffic belonging to these classes by putting them into
forwarding queues. The weights determine how many bits per
second go into each queue. For every 30 bits that the HiveAP
queues for class 2, it queues approximately 60 bits for class 3,
and 90 bits for class 5. These amounts are approximations
because the HiveAP also has an internal set weights for traffic
in different classes that skews forwarding in favor of traffic
belonging to higher classes.
2. Create a user profile and apply the QoS policy to it.
user-profile employee-net qos-policy voice attribute 2
You apply the QoS policy "voice" to all users belonging to the user-profile "employee-net" with attribute
2. On the RADIUS server, you must configure attribute 2 as one of the RADIUS attributes that the RADIUS
server returns when authenticating users (see step 5 on page 179).
Note: When HiveAP-1 does not use RADIUS for user authentication, you must assign the user profile to an
SSID. To do that, use the following command: ssid employee default-user-profile-attr 2
save config
exit
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Step 4
Configure HiveAP-2 and HiveAP-3
1. Log in to HiveAP-2 through its console port.
2. Configure HiveAP-2 with the same commands that you used for HiveAP-1:
qos classifier-map oui 00:12:3b qos 6
service mms tcp 1755
service smtp tcp 25
service pop3 tcp 110
qos classifier-map service mms qos 5
qos classifier-map service smtp qos 3
qos classifier-map service pop3 qos 3
qos classifier-profile employee-voice mac
qos classifier-profile employee-voice service
qos classifier-profile eth0-voice mac
qos classifier-profile eth0-voice service
ssid employee qos-classifier employee-voice
interface eth0 qos-classifier eth0-voice
For HiveAPs supporting IEEE 802.11a/b/g:
qos policy voice qos 5 wrr 20000 90
qos policy voice qos 3 wrr 54000 60
For HiveAPs supporting IEEE 802.11a/b/g/n:
qos policy voice qos 6 strict 512 0
qos policy voice qos 5 wrr 20000 90
qos policy voice qos 3 wrr 1000000 60
user-profile employee-net qos-policy voice attribute 2
save config
exit
3. Log in to HiveAP-3 and enter the same commands.
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EXAMPLE 5: LOADING A BOOTSTRAP CONFIGURATION
Step 5
Configure RADIUS server attributes
1. Log in to the RADIUS server and define the three HiveAPs as RADIUS clients.
2. Configure the following attributes for the realm to which the wireless user accounts in network-1, -2, and -3
belong:
•
Tunnel Type = GRE (value = 10)
•
Tunnel Medium Type = IP (value = 1)
•
Tunnel Private Group ID = 2
The RADIUS server returns the above attributes for all wireless users it authenticates from network-1, -2, and -3.
The HiveAP uses the combination of returned RADIUS attributes to assign users to the user group 2 ("employee-net").
It does not use them to create a GRE tunnel, which the tunnel type attribute might lead you to think.
When there is more traffic than available bandwidth, the HiveAP applies the "voice" policy. It performs strict
forwarding for voice and uses a WRR (weighted round robin) scheduling discipline for directing streaming media and
data traffic to queues to await forwarding. The QoS configuration is complete.
EXAMPLE 5: LOADING A BOOTSTRAP CONFIGURATION
As explained in "HiveOS Configuration File Types" on page 157, a bootstrap config file is typically a small set of
commands to which a HiveAP can revert when the configuration is reset or if the HiveAP cannot load its current and
backup configs. If you do not define and load a bootstrap config, the HiveAP reverts to the default config in these
situations, which can lead to two potential problems:
•
If both the current and backup configs fail to load on a HiveAP acting as a mesh point in a hard-to-reach
location—such as a ceiling crawlspace—the HiveAP would revert to the default config. Because a mesh point
needs to join a hive before it can access the network and the default config does not contain the hive settings
that the mesh point needs to join the hive, an administrator would need to crawl to the device to make a
console connection to reconfigure the HiveAP.
•
If the location of a HiveAP is publicly accessible, someone could press the reset button on the front panel of the
device to return the configuration to its default settings, log in using the default login name and password
(admin, aerohive), and thereby gain complete admin access. (Note that you can disable the ability of the reset
button to reset the configuration by entering this command: no reset-button reset-config-enable)
A bootstrap configuration can help in both of these situations. For the first case, a bootstrap config with the
necessary hive membership settings can allow the HiveAP to connect to the network and thereby become accessible
over the network for further configuring. For the second case, a bootstrap config with a number of obstacles such as
a hard-to-guess login name and password and a disabled access subinterface can make the firmware inaccessible
and the device unusable.
HiveAP-1 and -2 are in locations that are not completely secure. HiveAP-3 is a mesh point in a fairly inaccessible
location. To counter theft of the first two HiveAPs and to avoid the nuisance of physically accessing the third HiveAP,
you define a bootstrap config file that addresses both concerns and load it on the HiveAPs.
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Step 1
Define the bootstrap config on HiveAP-1
1. Make a serial connection to the console port on HiveAP-1, log in, and load the default config.
load config default
reboot
You do not want the bootstrap config to contain any of your previously defined settings from the current
config. Therefore, you load the default config, which has only default settings. When you begin with
the default config and enter the commands that define the bootstrap config, the bootstrap config will
have just those commands and the default config settings.
2. Confirm the reboot command, and then, when you are asked if you want to use the Aerohive Initial
Configuration Wizard, enter no.
3. Log in using the default user name admin and password aerohive.
4. Define admin login parameters for the bootstrap config that are difficult to guess.
admin root-admin Cwb12o11siNIm8vhD2hs password 8wDamKC1Lo53Ku71
You use the maximum number of alphanumeric characters for the login name (20 characters) and
password (16 characters). By mixing uppercase and lowercase letters with numbers in strings that do
not spell words or phrases, you make the login much harder to guess.
Note: Be careful to remember the login name and password defined in a bootstrap config file. If they become
lost or forgotten, you must obtain a one-time login key from Aerohive technical support. To get the
key, you must already have had a support contract in place. The first one-time login key is free. After
that, there is a small handling fee for each additional key.
5. Leave the various interfaces in their default up or down states.
By default, the wifi0 and wifi0.1 interfaces are down, but the mgt0, eth0, wifi1, and wifi1.1
subinterfaces are up. The hive members need to use wifi1.1, which is in backhaul mode, so that
HiveAP-3 can rejoin hive1 and, through hive1, access DHCP and DNS servers to regain network
connectivity. (By default, mgt0 is a DHCP client.) You leave the eth0 interface up so that Hive-1 and
Hive-2 can retain an open path to the wired network. However, with the two interfaces in access
mode—wifi0 and wifi0.1— in the down state, none of the HiveAPs will be able provide network access to
any wireless clients. Wireless clients cannot form associations through wifi1.1 nor can a computer
attach through the eth0 interface—because it is also in backhaul mode—and obtain network access
through the mesh.
6. Define the hive settings so that any of the three HiveAPs using the bootstrap config can rejoin the grid.
hive hive1
hive hive1 password s1r70ckH07m3s
interface mgt0 hive hive1
When a HiveAP boots up using the bootstrap config, it can rejoin hive1 because the configuration
includes the hive name and password and binds the mgt0 interface to the hive. This is particularly
useful for HiveAP-3 because it is a mesh point and can only access the wired network after it has joined
the hive. It can then reach the wired network through either of the portals, HiveAP-1 or HiveAP-2.
7. Save the configuration as a bootstrap config.
save config running bootstrap
If anyone resets the current configuration, the HiveAP will load this bootstrap config and thwart any
thief from accessing the configuration and any wireless client from accessing the network.
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EXAMPLE 5: LOADING A BOOTSTRAP CONFIGURATION
Step 2
Save the bootstrap config to a TFTP server
1. Check the configurations to make sure the settings are accurate.
show config bootstrap
Check that the settings are those you entered in the previous step for the bootstrap config.
show config backup
Note that the backup config is the previous current config. This is the configuration that has all your
previously defined settings.
2. Return to the previous current config.
load config backup
reboot
3. When HiveAP-1 finishes rebooting, log back in using the login parameters you set in "Example 1: Deploying a
Single HiveAP" on page 162 (mwebster, 3fF8ha).
4. Check that the current config is the same as your previous current config.
show config current
5. Save the file as bootstrap-hive1.txt to the root directory of your TFTP server running on your management
system at 10.1.1.31, an address received by the same DHCP server and in the same subnet as the HiveAP
addresses.
save config bootstrap tftp://10.1.1.31:bootstrap-hive1.txt
Step 3
Load the bootstrap config file on HiveAP-2 and HiveAP-3
1. Make a serial connection to the console port on HiveAP-2 and log in.
2. Upload the bootstrap-hive1.txt config file from the TFTP server to HiveAP-2 as a bootstrap config.
save config tftp://10.1.1.31:bootstrap-hive1.txt bootstrap
3. Check that the uploaded config file is now the bootstrap config.
show config bootstrap
4. Repeat the procedure to load the bootstrap config on HiveAP-3.
The bootstrap configs are now in place on all three HiveAPs.
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CLI COMMANDS FOR EXAMPLES
This section includes all the CLI commands for configuring the HiveAPs in the previous examples. The CLI
configurations are presented in their entirety (without explanations) as a convenient reference, and—if you are
reading this guide as a PDF—as an easy way to copy and paste the commands. Simply copy the blocks of text for
configuring the HiveAPs in each example and paste them at the command prompt.
Note: The following sections omit optional commands, such as changing the login name and password, and
commands used to check a configuration.
Commands for Example 1
Enter the following commands to configure the SSID "employee" on the single HiveAP in "Deploying a Single HiveAP"
on page 162:
ssid employee
ssid employee security protocol-suite wpa-auto-psk ascii-key N38bu7Adr0n3
interface wifi0.1 ssid employee
save config
Commands for Example 2
Enter the following commands to configure three HiveAPs as members of "hive1" in "Deploying a Hive" on page 165:
HiveAP-1
hive hive1
hive hive1 password s1r70ckH07m3s
interface mgt0 hive hive1
save config
HiveAP-2
ssid employee
ssid employee security protocol-suite wpa-auto-psk ascii-key N38bu7Adr0n3
interface wifi0.1 ssid employee
hive hive1
hive hive1 password s1r70ckH07m3s
interface mgt0 hive hive1
save config
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EXAMPLE 5: CLI COMMANDS FOR EXAMPLES
HiveAP-3
ssid employee
ssid employee security protocol-suite wpa-auto-psk ascii-key N38bu7Adr0n3
interface wifi0.1 ssid employee
hive hive1
hive hive1 password s1r70ckH07m3s
interface mgt0 hive hive1
save config
Commands for Example 3
Enter the following commands to configure the hive members to support IEEE 802.1X authentication in "Using IEEE
802.1X Authentication" on page 170:
HiveAP-1
aaa radius-server first 10.1.1.10 shared-secret s3cr3741n4bl0X
ssid employee security protocol-suite wpa-auto-8021x
save config
HiveAP-2
aaa radius-server first 10.1.1.10 shared-secret s3cr3741n4bl0X
ssid employee security protocol-suite wpa-auto-8021x
save config
HiveAP-3
aaa radius-server 10.1.1.10 shared-secret s3cr3741n4bl0X
ssid employee security protocol-suite wpa-auto-8021x
save config
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Commands for Example 4
Enter the following commands to configure the hive members to apply QoS (Quality of Service) to voice, streaming
media, and data traffic in "Applying QoS" on page 173:
HiveAP-1
qos classifier-map oui 00:12:3b qos 6
service mms tcp 1755
service smtp tcp 25
service pop3 tcp 110
qos classifier-map service mms qos 5
qos classifier-map service smtp qos 3
qos classifier-map service pop3 qos 3
qos classifier-profile employee-voice mac
qos classifier-profile employee-voice service
qos classifier-profile eth0-voice mac
qos classifier-profile eth0-voice service
ssid employee qos-classifier employee-voice
interface eth0 qos-classifier eth0-voice
For HiveAPs supporting IEEE 802.11a/b/g
qos policy voice qos 5 wrr 20000 90
qos policy voice qos 3 wrr 54000 60
For HiveAPs supporting IEEE 802.11a/b/g/n
qos policy voice qos 6 strict 512 0
qos policy voice qos 5 wrr 20000 90
qos policy voice qos 3 wrr 1000000 60
user-profile employee-net qos-policy voice attribute 2
save config
HiveAP-2
qos classifier-map oui 00:12:3b qos 6
service mms tcp 1755
service smtp tcp 25
service pop3 tcp 110
qos classifier-map service mms qos 5
qos classifier-map service smtp qos 3
qos classifier-map service pop3 qos 3
qos classifier-profile employee-voice mac
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EXAMPLE 5: CLI COMMANDS FOR EXAMPLES
qos classifier-profile employee-voice service
qos classifier-profile eth0-voice mac
qos classifier-profile eth0-voice service
ssid employee qos-classifier employee-voice
interface eth0 qos-classifier eth0-voice
For HiveAPs supporting IEEE 802.11a/b/g
qos policy voice qos 5 wrr 20000 90
qos policy voice qos 3 wrr 54000 60
For HiveAPs supporting IEEE 802.11a/b/g/n
qos policy voice qos 6 strict 512 0
qos policy voice qos 5 wrr 20000 90
qos policy voice qos 3 wrr 1000000 60
user-profile employee-net qos-policy voice attribute 2
save config
HiveAP-3
qos classifier-map oui 00:12:3b qos 6
service mms tcp 1755
service smtp tcp 25
service pop3 tcp 110
qos classifier-map service mms qos 5
qos classifier-map service smtp qos 3
qos classifier-map service pop3 qos 3
qos classifier-profile employee-voice mac
qos classifier-profile employee-voice service
qos classifier-profile eth0-voice mac
qos classifier-profile eth0-voice service
ssid employee qos-classifier employee-voice
interface eth0 qos-classifier eth0-voice
For HiveAPs supporting IEEE 802.11a/b/g
qos policy voice qos 5 wrr 20000 90
qos policy voice qos 3 wrr 54000 60
For HiveAPs supporting IEEE 802.11a/b/g/n
qos policy voice qos 6 strict 512 0
qos policy voice qos 5 wrr 20000 90
qos policy voice qos 3 wrr 1000000 60
user-profile employee-net qos-policy voice attribute 2
save config
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Commands for Example 5
Enter the following commands to create bootstrap config files and load them on the hive members in "Loading a
Bootstrap Configuration" on page 179:
bootstrap-security.txt
admin root-admin Cwb12o11siNIm8vhD2hs password 8wDamKC1Lo53Ku71
hive hive1
hive hive1 password s1r70ckH07m3s
interface mgt0 hive hive1
HiveAP-1
save config tftp://10.1.1.31:bootstrap-security.txt bootstrap
show config bootstrap
HiveAP-2
save config tftp://10.1.1.31:bootstrap-security.txt bootstrap
show config bootstrap
HiveAP-3
save config tftp://10.1.1.31:bootstrap-meshpoint.txt bootstrap
show config bootstrap
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Appendix A Country Codes
When the region code on a HiveAP is preset as "world", you must set a country code for the location where you
intend to deploy the HiveAP. This code determines the radio channels and power settings that the HiveAP can use
when deployed in that country. For HiveAPs intended for use in the United States, the region code is preset as
"FCC"—for "Federal Communications Commission"—and the country code is preset for the United States. You can see
the region code in the output of the show boot-param command.
To set a country code when the region is "world", enter the following command, in which number is the
appropriate country code number: boot-param country-code number
Note: Be sure to enter the correct country code. An incorrect entry might result in illegal radio operation and
cause harmful interference to other systems.
To apply radio settings for the updated country code, reboot the HiveAP by entering the reboot command.
To see a list of the available channels available for the country code that you have set on the HiveAP, enter the
following command: show interface { wifi0 | wifi1 } channel. For example, the output for the show
interface wifi0 channel command on a HiveAP whose region code is FCC and country code is 840 (United
States) shows that channels 1 through 11 are available. If a channel does not appear in this list, you cannot
configure the radio to use it.
The following list of country codes is provided for your convenience.
Countries and Country Codes
Albania 8
Brunei Darussalam 96
Algeria 12
Bulgaria 100
Argentina 32
Canada 124
Armenia 51
Chile 152
Australia 36
China (People’s Republic of China) 156
Austria 40
Colombia 170
Azerbaijan 31
Costa Rica 188
Bahrain 48
Croatia 191
Belarus 112
Cyprus 196
Belgium 56
Czech Republic 203
Belize 84
Denmark 208
Bolivia 68
Dominican Republic 214
Bosnia and Herzegovina 70
Ecuador 218
Brazil 76
Egypt 818
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Appenidix A Country Codes
El Salvador 222
Japan14 (J14) 4014
Estonia 233
Japan15 (J15) 4015
Faeroe Islands 234
Japan16 (J16) 4016
Finland 246
Japan17 (J17) 4017
France 250
Japan18 (J18) 4018
France2 255
Japan19 (J19) 4019
Georgia 268
Japan20 (J20) 4020
Germany 276
Japan21 (J21) 4021
Greece 300
Japan22 (J22) 4022
Guatemala 320
Japan23 (J23) 4023
Honduras 340
Japan24 (J24) 4024
Hong Kong (S.A.R., P.R.C) 344
Jordan 400
Hungary 348
Kazakhstan 398
Iceland 352
Kenya 404
India 356
Korea (North Korea) 408
Indonesia 360
Korea (South Korea, ROC) 410
Iran 364
Korea (South Korea, ROC2) 411
Iraq 368
Korea (South Korea, ROC3) 412
Ireland 372
Kuwait 414
Israel 376
Latvia 428
Italy 380
Lebanon 422
Jamaica 388
Libya 434
Japan 392
Liechtenstein 438
Japan1 (JP1) 393
Lithuania 440
Japan2 (JP0) 394
Luxembourg 442
Japan3 (JP1-1) 395
Macau 446
Japan4 (JE1) 396
Japan5 (JE2) 397
Macedonia (The Former Yugoslav Republic of
Macedonia) 807
Japan6 (JP6) 399
Malaysia 458
Japan7 (J7) 4007
Malta 470
Japan8 (J8) 4008
Mexico 484
Japan9 (J9) 4009
Monaco (Principality of Monaco) 492
IJapan10 (J10) 4010
Morocco 504
Japan11 (J11) 4011
Netherlands 528
Japan12 (J12) 4012
New Zealand 554
Japan13 (J13) 4013
Nicaragua 558
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Appenidix A Country Codes
Norway 578
Sweden 752
Oman 512
Switzerland 756
Pakistan (Islamic Republic of Pakistan) 586
Syria 760
Panama 591
Taiwan 158
Paraguay 600
Thailand 764
Peru 604
Philippines (Republic of the Philippines) 608
Poland 616
Portugal 620
Puerto Rico 630
Qatar 634
Romania 642
Russia 643
Saudi Arabia 682
Singapore 702
Trinidad y Tobago 780
Tunisia 788
Turkey 792
U.A.E. 784
Ukraine 804
United Kingdom 826
United States 840
United States (Public Safety; FCC49) 842
Uruguay 858
Slovakia (Slovak Republic) 703
Uzbekistan 860
Slovenia 705
Venezuela 862
South Africa 710
Vietnam 704
Spain 724
Yemen 887
Sri Lanka 144
Zimbabwe 716
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Appenidix A Country Codes
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