Aironet Wireless Communications 102037 PCMCIA Card Transmitter. User Manual 8

Aironet Wireless Communications Inc PCMCIA Card Transmitter. 8

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Date Submitted1999-02-17 00:00:00
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Document Title8

FCC/MELLGN JAN 0 3 1999 Aironet"
User’s Guide and Technical
Reference Manual
Aironet 3500 Series TM
LM3100 l/V/reless LAN Adapter
uoommuow Rn A0
Aimncl Wimlss Communicm'uu, lnc. ~ 367 Guam Rand, Suite 3“
PD. am in: - F-idawn, cm: “334—0291
Test report 1309800168
FCC B for Model LM3100
FCC ID: LOZlOZO37
EXHIBIT 8
User’s Guide & Technical Reference
Total Page: : 58
i-v;i-iv;0-48
Alronet Wireless communications, Inc.
No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, for any purpose, without the
expms wrirun permission of Aimnel Wireless Communications
Information in this document is subject to change withnul notice. Aimnet
Wireless Communicariuns makes no representations or warranties with
respecl to the wnrcms or use of this manual and specifically disclaims
any express or implied warranties cf merchantability or fitness for any
particular purpose.
0 1997 Aironel Wireless Communicalions. All rights reserved.
AircnetG‘r, LMJIOOTM are trademarks quironet Wireless
Communications. Inc,
Other trademarks used are properties of their respective owners.
Primed in USA
DOC-710004020 Rev. A0
Manufacturzrs Fedzml Cnmmanimtilm Commirslan
Declaration of Can/0mm): Statement
Modeli: LMJmo
Manufacturer:
Aimnfl erdul Communiulionl. [M4
3375 Ernimry rnrlrmrv
Almm on «333
330-664-7900
This dzvice oomplics with Pull IS rules. Operation is subjecl lo lll: following two
conditions:
I) uris device my not cause hmful interfemwe, Ind 2) ilris devise musl accept
any inrerferenee received including interference um rnny cause undesimd
opemfion.
This equipmflll has been usrerl and faund m comply wim the lim'nr ol- Clns B
digital device, pulsuanl ID Pm I5 oldie FCC Rulfi. These limit: In designed I0
provide reasnnsble pmieclion ngninn harmful interference when me equipmem is
opcrmd in u rcsidenlill environmene This cquipmml gencnlei, user, Ind
radiates miie frequency energy, and ifnru insulleii lld usnl in Inward-nu wiui
rue lnsuuctions. may cause harmful inwlemwei However uvere is no glumllu
mmme Nnc: will nuluccur, Innis equipment dues cm: imafcmncnn indie
or rel rm reeeplion, which can be rieienuined by (liming Ihe equipmern mind
on, the user is emu-gnu in correct rile inwrfumloe by ml: nflue following
nunsum:
Reorlenl or relucau me receiving mum
- lnucls: scpamlion betwem lire equipmenr incl reeeiver.
Connect me nquipmcnt inln an under. on I circuil different flom which
the receiver is connected
0 Consul! ms dealer or an experienced mdio \ TV wchnician
ii
szaflmt a/‘Camlmnlnadons - Canada
Canadian Camila“! Statement
This else a Diginl uppinlus meets all the requirements offllc c-nidiun
lmerfemiee - Causing Equipmem Regulnionsl
Cei nppauil numeriquc de la classe B mpeole lee exigcnoes du negleinem sin le
inuienal hmillcur du Canada.
This device wmnlics with RSS-210 of Industry life-midi. own is subjcct in
die following ewe enndiiiuns: 1) this device my enue lunnfnl inlcrfimrwe, and
2) due device mus! wept uny inierfeienne reeeived, including inieifeienee am
may cause undesired operaIinn.
European Telecanumniwlon Standards lnrll'lute
Slammer" ofCampllancz
lnfwmalian ta User
This equipmenl has been mud end found in comply widi the European
Telecomunicniofls Sundard ETS 300.328. This Sundlld Duvets Widebnnd DNA
“mission Systems lefemd in CE” Neommendlticn T/R 10,01.
This iype acceplad equipmeni is designed in provide ieusnneile protection Against
harmful inlerfemnue wficn Ille equipment is npem'zd in 1 commercial
environment, This equipment genemlcs, uses. nnl cm ndiuie radio frequency
energy, and ifnu! insulled end used in momma with die insiniedon manual,
inuy cause harmful inlcrfcmnoe lo mdin oommunimions.
iii
Declaration of Conformity
Almnzl Made! Number:
LM3100
Application ofCouncil Directive: 89/336/EEC
Application ofCuuncil Directive: nus/EEC
CE Type Examination Cenificm: HDTP/RDRII 67694122
sand-ms to which Conformiw is Duel-mi:
EN 55022 (B)
EN 55011 (5)
EN sow-1
EN 60950
Manufacturer.
Airmw: Wireless Communications. Inc.
3375 Embassy Parkway
Akron Ohio, «333
71» undernmd henby declare: [hm the equipmenl wemfied above
con/arm: la flu duedrves and standard: cited harm.
Michael Smcdlcy
Director, Manufacmring Engineering
Aironcl Wireless Communications. Inc,
iv
Safety Information
The FCC with its action in General Docket 93-62, 1997, has
adopted a safety standard for human exposure to radio frequency
(RF) electromagnetic energy emitted by FCC regulated equipment.
Aironet subscribes to the same safety standard for the use of its
products. Proper operation of this radio according to the
instructions in this manual will result in user exposure substantially
below the FCC recommended limits.
Do not move the LM3 100’5 antenna(s) while the unit is
receiving or transmitting.
Do not hold any component containing a radio such that
the antenna(s) is (are) very close to, or touching, exposed
parts of the body, especially the face or eyes, while
transmitting. Hold such a component 15 centimeters (6
inches) or more from your face.
Do not allow children to play with any radio equipment
containing a transmitter.
Do not operate a portable transmitter near unshielded
electrical blasting caps or in an explosive atmosphere
unless it is a type especially qualified for such use.
Do not turn on the LM3100 or attempt to transmit data
unless the antenna(s) is(are) attached; if the antenna(s)
is(are) not attached, the radio module may be damaged
Statement of Compliance
The LM3100 is compliant with ANSI C95.l.9l safety Standards.
Table of Contents
Section 1
About the Users Guide.
Typographical Conventions.
Welcome to the LM3100.
Frequency Hopping Radio ea 0 ogy,
Data Transparency and Protocols
Protocols Supported.
Radio Characteristics
Radio Ranges.....
Indoor Envirorunen
Outdoor Environment
Radio Antenna
Security Features
Terminology
System Configurations .
Coverage Options .....
Section 2
Installing the LM3100 Hardware.
Before You Stan.“
Antenna Connector
Standard Antennas.
Attaching the Antenn
Demehing an Antenna
Installing the LM3IOO into the (PC Card) 510
Section 3
Installing the LM3100 Sofiware .....
Driver Overview...
Windows 95 ND153 Installatlo
Windows NT NDIS3 Installation
Windows for Workgroups NDISZ Insrallation
DOS Packet Driver Installatio
Driver Keywords and Settings
Section 4
Performing Diagnostic Tool
Using the Diagnostic Tools .
Loading New Firmware Version
Section 5
Error Messages and Trouble Shooting
Indicator LED
If Yom’ Radio ar 5 to sta IS
Appendix A
LM3 lOO Specifications.
LAN Drivers Supported
Radio Specifications.
Power Requirements
Physical Specificauons.
Mechanical Description
Operating Modes and Interface
Appendix B
LM3100 PC Card CIS Description...
Technical Support .....
List of Figures
Figure 1.1 - Viewing lhe Infrastructure
Figure 1.2 - 2.4 GHz Ad Hoc Wireless LAN
Figure 1.3 - 2,4 GHz Wireless infrastructure .....
Figure 1.4 - 2.4 GHz Wireless infrastructure with Workslanons
Accessing an Efllemet LAN .....
Figure 1.5 - Extended 2.4 GHz Wireless Infrastructure Using
Repeaters...”
Figure 1.6 - Minimal Overlap Coverage Optlo
Figure 1.7 - Heavy Overlap Coverage Option.
Figure 1.8 - Multiple Overlapping Systems Coverage Opt‘io
Figure 2.1 - Overview oflhe LMSIOO
Figure A.l - Mechanical Outline...
Figure A] - FCC Label Appearance.
iii
List of Tables
Table 1.1- Typical Ranges...
Table 3.1 - Driver Disk Structur
Table 3. - Minimum NDlSZ Driver Settings.
Table 3. - Minimum PKT Driver Settings.
Table 3. ~ General Network Parameters.
Table 3. - Advanced Network Parameters.
Table 3. - Fragmentation Parameters .....
Table 3.7 - Power Management Parameters
Table 3.8 - Scanning Parameters
Table 3.9- Infrastructure Parameters.
Table 3.10 - Ad Hoc Parameters
Table 3.ll - PC Card Parameter
Table 5.1 - Green LED Operating Message
Table 5.2 - Amber LED Operating Messages.
Table 5.3 - LED Error Codes.
Table A] » Supported Drive
Table A2 - Radio Specification
Table A.3 - Pewer Requirement
Table A4 - Physical Characteristics
Table A.S - Operational Medes
Table 3.1 . CIS Information,
iv
Section 1
About the User's Guide
This guide covers the installation, configuration, control and
maintenance of your AironetLM3100 PC Card Wireless LAN
Adapter,
Please read Sections 2 and 3 before attempting to install or use the
hardware and software described in this guide.
This Guide is arranged as follows:
Section I — Welcome to the LM3100- provides you with a
general introduction to the LM3 mo, fi'cquenoy hopping radio
technology, and the various configurations you can use when
operating the LM3100 in your infrastructure,
Section 2 — Installing the LM3 I 00 Hardware — describes the
physical installation ofthe LM3100 and the standard anterura.
Section 3 — Installing the LMJIUD Software — describes
installation and configuration of the various network drivers.
Section 4 — Per/arming Diqgnostt’cs — provides you with detailed
procedures for restarting your LM3 100, returning to your default
configuration, and loading new fumware versions,
Section 5 7 Error Messages and Troublahoalr’ng— provides you
with detailed descriptions of the LED messages and error codes,
as well as general procedures for correcting common problems
Appendix A — LM3100 Specifications — provides LM3100 radio
and physical specifications,
Appendix B — LM3100 PC Card CIS Description — explains the
PC Card configuration required by the LM3l00.
Typographical Conventions
When reading the User’s Guide and Technical Reference Manual,
it is important to understand the symbol and formatting
conventions used in the documentation. The following symbols
are used in this guide.
Convention Type of Information
i indicates a note which contains important
information.
A caution message that appears before
procedures which if not observed could result
in loss of data or damage to the equipment.
Bold type An action you must perform such as type or
select
Monospaced font: Information and menus that are visible on the
Configuration Software screens.
Welcome to the Aironet LM3100
The Aironet LM3100 is a PC Card radio module that provides
transparent wireless data communications between fixed,
portable or mobile devices and other wireless devices or a
wired network infrastructure (Ethernet or Token Ring). Host
devices can be any device equipped with a PC Card Type II or
Type Ill slot, These devices include:
0 Desktop systems
Portable laptops
Notebook computers
Personal digital assistants
Pen based computers
Other data collection devices
The LM3100 is fully compatible when used in a device
supporting Plug-and-Play technology.
The LM3100 can also be built into peripheral devices such as
printers to provide them with a transparent wireless connection
to a wired network. The LM3100 can be installed to opemte as
either a PC Card device, a serial communications (UART)
device, or an lSA device, (For more information on how to
embed the LM3100 in DEM devices, refer to the Aironet
LM3500 Developer’s Guide document number 710-xxxxxx.)
Frequency Hopping Radio Technology
The LM3100 uses Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum
transmission (FHSS) previously developed for military “auti-
jamming" and "low probability of intercept” radio systems.
Interference is reduced because the radio signal is constantly
moving (changing frequency) during the transmission ofdata
If a particular frequency encounters a level of noise and/or
interference, the LM3100 will rebroadcast part of the
transmission where interference occurred on another frequency
channel. The amount of time the radio is transmitting is
measured in millaseconds, making the signal very difficult to
blockrjam. or clone,
Data Transparency and Protocols
The LM3100 transports data packets transparently as they move
through the wireless infrastructure. The LM3100 operates
similarly to a standard network product except the wire is
replaced with a radio connection. All existing applications,
which operate over a network, will operate using the LM3100
without any special wireless networking functions.
Protocols Supported
The LM3100 can be used in a variety of infrastructure
configurations. Aironet Access Points (APBSOO-E, APSSOO-T,
APZOOO-E and APBOOO-T) provide connections to Ethernet or
Tolken Ring Networks. When using the Aironet standard device
drivers, the LM3100 is fully compliant with the following
protocols and wired networks.
Protocols Supported
- TCP/IP based protocol products
0 SNMP Protocol - The resident agent is compliant with the
MlB—l and MlB—ll Standards, TCP/IP based intemets, as
well as a custom MIB for specialized control of the system.
Radio Characteristics
The LM3100 uses a radio modulation technique known as
Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum transmission (FHSS) it
combines high data throughput with excellent immunity to
interference. The LM3100 operates in the 2.4 GHz license-free
Industrial Scientific and Medical (ISM) band. Data is
transmitted over a half-duplex radio channel operating up to
2 Megabits per second (Mbps).
Radio Ranges
The LM3 100 is typically used with indoor wireless networks
and limited distance outdoor applications The following
Section outlines the factors and conditions needed to achieve
maximum radio range for both indoor and outdoor wireless
infrastructure environments.
Indoor Environment
The radio ranges achieved in a given indoor environment
depend on the following factors:
- Data Ram: Better sensitivity and range at lower data bit
rates The maximum radio range is achieved at the lowest
workable data rate. There is a decrease in receiver
threshold as the radio data rate increases,
' Antenna Type and Placement: The key to maximizing
range indoors is to choose the best antenna configniration
for the environment (range increases with anoenna height).
To maximize indoor range. place the unit and antenna close
to the Aironet Access Points,
The LM3100 allows connection of two antennas at the
same time. These antennas can be configured as a single
unit diversity antenna or a two separate remote antennas.
Connecting two antennas (or using the diversity antennas
supplied by Aironet) allows the LM3100 to detect and use
the strongest signal coming from either of the antennas.
This way, the LM3100 provides you with the best
communication range and reliability for your
environment.
For an explanation of antenna types, configuration, and
how to determine the best antenna for a your specific
environment, consult the Aironet Antenna Guide
document number 710003725.
Openness of the Environment: Open areas are better
than closed. The less cluttered the work environment the
greater the range.
Locating the computing device and antenna (particularly
when the small snap-on antenna is used) behind or in
close proximity to an obstruction (shelving, a pillar, items
on the desktop, em), creates a barrier between the sending
and receiving antennas will hinder the performance ofthe
LM3100.
Building Materials: Drywall vs. Concrete. Floor-to-floor
radio penetration depends on the building materials used
between floors. For example, the range will be greater if
the radio signal is passing through drywall rather than
concrete blocks.
Table 1.1 — Typical Indoor Radio Range
snap-m.
lmlunr lunat- ltiwrnt)
Animuu
All antennas at desktop height Open Office 100 feet
30.4 meters
Cluttered 75 feet
Office 228 meters
AP antenna at ceiling height 8 feet Open Office 200 feet
(2.4384 mm) client antenna at 60.9 meters
desktop heigit 3 feet (5144 mm) 125 feet
38.1 meters
Outdoor Environment
The maximum radio range achieved outdoors is primarily
determined by line of sight considerations: antenna elevations
and path clearances.
Line of Sight: A dipole antenna and an omni-directional
antenna will have a range of 470 meters (1550 feet) with both
antennas at an elevation of 1.5 meters (5 feet). A maximum
range of 8.7 kilometers (5.4 miles) with 1041! link margin [up
to a theoretical 27.5 kilometers (17 miles)] can be achieved
using directional Yagi antennas at both ends and appropriate
elevation and maximum path clearance. These range
measurements are derived using packets with a 512 byte data
payload and a retry rate of less than 5 percent in contrast, a
connection using two dipoles (both at 5 foot elevation) can be
maintained up to 2100 feet with a retry rate of 60 percent.
- NOTE: Please contact Aironet Vifireless
Communications for more detailed information on
point-io-point configurations
Radio Antenna
The Snap-On Diversity antenna comes standard with the
LM3100 and provides omnidirectional coverage,
A benefit of diversity system is improved coverage. At the
edges of the RF coverage or fringe areas, there are very often
multiple signals reaching the receiver, all from the same
transmitter. These signals travel in different paths (multipath)
and are caused by reflection and shadows of the RF signals.
when the signals combine, the receiver may have trouble
decoding the data. The Aironet radio‘s ability to switch and
sample between these antennas allows it to select the optimum
antenna for receiving the packet.
Various optional antennas are offered for the LM3I00. Consult
the Aironet Antenna Guide document number 710-003725 for
more information.
Security Features
The Aironet LMSIOO employs Spread Spectrum Technology,
previously developed for military “anti-jamming" and “low
probability of intercept” radio systems.
The Aironet Access Point must be set to the same System
identifier (SID) as all other Aironet devices on the wireless
infrastructure. Units with different SID will not be able to
communicate with other nodes on the network.
Terminology
When configuring your system and your LM3100, keep in mind
the following terminology:
Root Unit — The root unit (Aimnet Access Point) is located at
the top or starting point of a wireless infrastructure. The root
unit provides the physical connection to the wired LAN and
contains configuration infonnation in its association table that
covers all stations in the infrastructure.
Repeater 7 A repeater is an Aironct Access Point that extends
the radio range of the infrastructure. A single Aimnet Access
Point transmits and receives data within an area called a cell.
The size of a single cell depends upon the nature of the wireless
medium within the cell. if your system configuration requires a
wider communication range then allowed by the cell limit, you
will need to add an Access Point configured as a repeater.
Radio Node 7 A PC, file server, notebook computer containing
a radio card, LAN Adapter, or LM3 100 PC Card.
End Node — A radio node that is located at the end of a network
tree.
Parent/Child Station — Refers to the relationships between
nodes on the network tree. For example, the Aironet Access
Point (at the top of the nee) would be the parent of the end
nodes, Conveisely, the end nodes would he the children of the
Aironet Access Point.
Association — Each root or repeater in the infrastructure
contains an association table that controls the routing of packets
between the LAN backbone and the wireless infrastructure
These entries contain information for all stations associated
with the Aironet Access Point on the infrastructure,
Power Saving Protocol (PSP) and Non-Power Saving
Protocol 7 The Power Saving Protocol allows computers
(usually portable computers) to power up only part of the time
to conserve energy. if a radio node is using the Power Saving
Protocol to communicate with the infrastructure, the Aimnet
Access Point must be aware of this mode and implement
additional features such as message store and forward.
Infrastructure — The wireless infrastructure is the
communications system that combines Aironet Access Points,
mobile stations and fixed stations. Aironet Access Points
within the infrastructure can be either root units, which are
physically wired to the LAN backbone, or can act as wireless
repeaters. The RF enabled devices serve as fixed stations or
mobile stations (See Figure 1.1).
ll.)
Figure 1.1 -Viswing the Infrastructure
ll
System Configurations
The LM3100 can be used in a variety of network system
configurations. Aimnet Access Points (AP3500~E or
APSSOO-‘D provide connections to your Ethernet or Token Ring
networks or act as repeaters increasing wireless communication
range. The maximum communication range is based on how
you configure your wireless infrastructure.
Examples of some common system configurations are shown
on the pages that follow, along with a description of each.
Figure 1.2
2.4 GHz Ad Hoc Wireless LAN
QIQ
An ad hoc wireless LAN is the simplest wireless LAN
configuration. In a wireless LAN, using an ad hoc network
operating system (such as Windows for Workgroups or
Windows 95), all devices equipped with the LM3100 can be
linked together and communicate directly with each other.
12
Flgure 1.3
2A GHz Wireless Infrastructure
mama
gmlm MMIM
ln a wireless infrastructure, an Aironet Access Point is used as a
stand-alone rout unit. The root unit is not attached to any
backbone LAN (such as an Elhemet or Token Ring LAN), but
functions as a hub linking all stations togetherl This configuration
is similar to the ad hoc network, except the Aironet Access Paint
serves as the focal point fur communications. This increases the
effective communication since both LM3100 stations are not
required to be in direct communication range of each amen
13
Figure 1.4
2A GHz Wireless lnfr-structure wlth Workltations
Accesslng an Ethernet LAN
A Micro-Cellular Network can be created by placing two or
more Aironet Access Points on an Ethernet LAN. The Micro-
Cellular Architecture (T MA) protocols allow remote
workstations to move from of one microcell domain to another.
The process is seamless and transparent. The connection to the
file server or host is maintained without disruption This
configuration is useful with portable or mobile stations allowing
them to be directly connected in the wired network even while
moving about (roaming). When an infrastructure is configured
using multiple Aironet Access Points and/or repeaters, a mobile
station is automatically associated and re-associeted to the
Aironet Access Point which provides the best performance.
This is referred to as seamless roaming
'14
Figure 1.5 - Extended 2.4 GHz Infrastructure
Using Repeaters
An Aironet Access Point can be configured as a standalone
repeater to extend the range of your infi-asu'ucmre, or to
overcome an RF blocking obstacle. The repeater forwards
traffic between the LMSIOO equipped workstations and devices
and the LAN backbone by sending packets to either another
repeater or to another Aironet Access Point attached to the
backbone. The data is sent through whichever route provides
the greatest performance for the LM3100 client. Multiple
repeater hops can be supported in the path to the wired LAN.
15
Coverage Options
The system architecture options of the LM3100 station and
Aironer Access Points provide for a variety of coverage
alternatives and flexibility. The system can be designed to
provide a wide coverage area with minimal overlap (Figure 1.6)
or coverage with heavy overlap (Figure L7). This improves
system performance and protection against downtime in the
event of a component failure.
Figure 1.8 - Mi mal Overlap Coverage Optlon
By armnging the Aironet Access Points so the overlap in
coverage area is minimized, a large area can be covered with
minimal system cost. The total bandwidth available to each
mobile station will depend on the amount of data each mobile
station desires to transfer and the number of stations located in
each cell. Seamless roaming is supported as a mobile station
moves in and out of range of each Aironet Access Point1
thereby maintaining a constant connection to the LAN
backbone. Each Aironet Access Point (and LM3100) must be
configured with the same system identifier (SID) in order to
provide the roaming capability.
16
Figure 1.7 - Heavy Overlap Coverage Option
By arranging the Aironet Access Points so the overlap in
coverage area is nearly maximized, a large number of mobile
stations can be supported in the same wireless infrastructure
without degradation in system performance or connect time
Due to the redundancy in coverage overlap, system
performance is not hampered in the event of an Aironet Access
Point failure, Upon failure nfthe Aironet Access Point, the
station will automatically roam to an operational Aironet
Access Point. With this architecture, all Aironet Access Points
and LM3100 units must be configured with the same system
identifier (SID).
I7
Flgure 1.8 - Multiple Overlapping Systems
Coverage Optlon
Multiple systems can operate in the same vicinity by arranging the
Aironet Access Points so there is overlap in coverage area. The
architecture provides multiple channels, which can exist in the
same area with virtually no interference to each other. In this
mode, each system must be configured with different system
identifiers, which prevent LMSlOD clients from roaming to the
Aironet Access Points ofa different wireless infrastructure.
18
Section 2
Installing the LM3100 Hardware
This Section describes the procedums for installing the Aimnet
LM3100 PC Card Wireless LAN Adapter.
Here's what you'll find in this Section:
- Before You Stan
- Attaching the Antenna
0 Connecting the LMS 100
'l9
Before You Start
For the LM3100 to he used with a computing device (desktop
personal computer, notebook, laptop computer, or puint-of—sale
terminal), the device must be equipped with an intemal or
external PC Card Type ll or Type 111 slot, All drivers and
supporting sofiware (card and socket services) for the PC Card
slot must be loaded and configured. Please follow the
manufacturer's guidelines for installing the sofiware as well as
installing the LM3 100.
After unpacking the LM3100, make sure the following items
are present and in good condition:
- LMSIOO PC Card Wireless LAN Adapter
- Standard Snap-On Anoenna
- Configuration Sofiware Diskette
If any item is damaged or missing, contact your Aironet
supplier. Save all shipping and packing material in order to
repack the unit should service be required
' NOTE: Any remote antenna and its
1 assoelated wiring are ordered and packed
separately,
20
Figure 2.1 - Overview of the LM3100
Antenna Connectors
The LM3100 has two female MicroMate antenna connectors on
one end. All antennas and cables attached to the LM3100 must
be equipped with male MicmMate connectors.
The two antenna connectors allow a Diversity Antenna or two
separate antennas to be attached to the LM3100l When two
antennas are connected, the LM3100 will automatically select
and use alternate transmit antennas in order to provide the
strongest signal for receive operations This feature improves
packet delivery and system throughput by avoiding reception
and transmission instances which are hampered by RF blocking
structures in the environment,
21
Standard Antennas
The Snap—On Diversity antenna comes with the LM3100.
The Snap-On Diversity antenna is attached directly to the
LMSlOO. Its small size allows mobile communication in a
small area where a larger antenna would be awkward or
interfere with the use of the PC or terminal. For example,
laptop computers connected together in an ad hoe network or
mobile point-of-sale terminals connected to an Ethemet
network via a fixed Aironet Access Point,
The design of the Snap-On and Remote Diversity antennas take
full advantage of the LM3100's ability to detect and use the
strongest signal,
The LM3100 can also be used with a variety of optional
external antennas. Consult the Aironet Antenna Guide
(document
number 710-003725) for antenna descriptions and configuration
information,
‘ NOTE: Only use antennas and cables supplied
1 by Aironet VWreIess Communications
22
Attaching the Antenna
___’——
CAUTION: The Snap—On Antenna should
never be placed in contact with metal surlaces,
n—o
To attach the Snap-On antenna:
______.___
' NOTE: LM3100 Adapter Card comes with the
1 antenna attached. If you need tn change the
antenna. the LM3100 Adapter should be
removed from the PC Card slot before removing
or attaching an antenna.
1. Hold the antenna so the connector and guide pin leads
line up with the connector and slots on the LM3100.
2. Slide the leads on the antenna into the connectors until
they snap into place.
To attach a remote antenna:
1. Line up the antenna cable leads with the connectors on
the LM3100.
2. Slide the leads cable into the connectors until they snap
into place.
'23
Detaching the Antenna
To detach the Snap-On Antenna:
Remove the LM3100 from the PC Card slot,
Grasp the center of the antenna with the thumb and
forefinger.
3. Gently pull the antenna away from the LM3I00 until it
comes free.
“T‘
' CAUTION: Do Not bend or twist the antenna
away from the PC Card body, Do not pry or
use tools to remove the antenna.
To detach a remote antenna:
Remove the LM} 100 from the PC Card slot.
Grasp the end of the antenna cable lead by the connecmn
Gently pull the connector away from the LM3100 until it
comes free.
fan»
’24
Installing the LM3100 into the PC Card Slot
Before you begin, examine the LM3100A One end is a dual row
GS-pin PC Card connector. This side will be inserted into the PC
Card slot with the Aironet logo facing up. The LM3100 cam is
keyed so it can be inserted only one way into the PC Card slot,
The LM3100 can be connected to a PC Card Type II slot This
includes slots that support both Type 11 and Type III cards.
__—————
' CAUTION: Do not force the LM3100 into the PC
. Card slot. Forcing it will damage both the
LM3100 and the slot. If the LM3100 does notgo
in easily, remove the card and re-insert.
To connect the LMHOO:
l. Hold the LM3100 so the Aironet logo is facing up.
2. Slide the LM3 l00 female end into the slot until its
connector is firmly seated and the 5101’s eject button pops
out.
To remove the LM3100:
Make sure the LM3100 is not tmnsmitting or receiving,
2. Press the PC Card slot’s eject button until the LM3100 is
free.
3A Grasp the LM3100 and pull it out ofthe slot.
25
Section 3
Installing the LM3100 Software
The LMSlOO card is supplied with PACKET, NDISZ, NDISS
and NDISSJ drivers allowing operation under DOS. Windows
for Workgroups 3.1x, Windows 95, and Windows NT. The
LM3100 is fully IEEE 8011 l compliant with the Ethemet
standard for frame types and addressing allowing it to flinction
as a standard network interface card.
Driver Overview
The LM3100 is shipped with a utility disk containing drivers
and diagnostic tools. The diagnostic tools are discussed in
Section 4.
The DOS and Windows for Workgroups based drivers require a
configmation file be created (or edited) with an ASCII text
editor. Installation of each driver is discussed in the following
Tables.
'26
The driver disk shipped with the LM3100 is organized as follows:
Table 3.1 - Driver Disk Structure
READMETXT contains latest information about the disk
contents
DlAG directory containing utilities
LOADBAT batch file for executing lest routines using direct
_ communication with the 32365 socket controller
LOADBATBAT batch file for executing test routines using card
and socket services
utility file for TARG when using card and socket
services
3KV77’??.HEX latest firmware release
NDISZ directory containing NDlSZ drivers
AWCZNBKDOS LM3100 NDISZJ driver
AWC2N3KJNF ND152.1 install file
OBMSETUPJNF NDISZJ compatible install file for Microsofi
Windows for Workgmups
mode.
PROTOCOL AHC sample configuration file for ad hoc mode
PKT directory containing DOS packet drivers
AWCP3K COM LM3 IOO DOS based packet driver
AWCP3KJ'NI Sample configuration file for infrastmenu'e mode
LM3KCS.COM
'27
Windows 95 NDI83 Installation
To complete the installation of the LM3100 under Windows 95,
ensure that the Windows 95 PC Card driver is installed and PC
Card 32-bit support is enabled.
$9
NOTE: To find out more about PC Card and PC
Card 32-bit support follow the instructions found
in the Section labeled “Enabling 32-bit PC card
support”, under "PCMCIA" from the Vlfindows 95
Help menu.
Power on your computer and boot Windows 95.
Insert the adapter in one ofthe PC Card slots.
Windows 95 will display the “New Hardware Found“
dialog box.
Select the “Driver from disk provided by hardware
manufacturer” option and select the “OK“ button.
Insert the floppy disk provided with the adapter into the
appropriate drive and press “Enter".
Select the LM3100 LAN Adapter and press “Enter”.
Select the appropriate Infrastructure Mode and enter the
System ID.
Press “Enter”.
Choosing the adapter from the Network loan and selecting
Properties will allow the setting of additional parameters, Refer
to the section on Driver Keywords and Settings in this section for
information on these settings.
'ZE
Windows NT NDIS$ Installation
§>E*'!".-‘
P'
10.
ll.
12.
13.
14.
Shutdown the Windows NT workstation.
Insert the LM3 l00 adapter in one of the PC Card slots.
Power up the Windows NT workstation
From the control panel, select the Network iconr
For Windows NT 4.xx For Windows NT 3.51
Select “Adapters". Select “Add Adapters",
Select “Add”. Select “ Require disk from
manufacturer" from the list of
adapters.
Select “Have Disk“ Select “Continue”.
insert the floppy disk provided with adapter in the
appropriate drive and select “0K".
Select “OK” when the dialog box shows “Aironet
LM3 l00 PC Card LAN Adapter".
Select the appropriate parameters. Verify that the
Interrupt and 10 Base Address do not conflict with other
devices' resources.
Select “OK”.
Select “Close”,
Add all other related network information if applicable
(IP address, DCHP, DNS, GATEWAY),
Select “Yes" to shutting down the workstation.
29
Windows for Workgroups NDlSZ Installation
The installation of this driver includes creating or editing a
conflgumtion file (PROTOCOLJ'NI). It is required that this file
contain the following lines:
Table 3.2 - Minimum NDIS2 Drlver Settings
AD HOC MODE
DRIVERNAMEFAWCZNSKS DRIVERNAMFFAWCZNSKS
‘YES" INFRASTRUCTURE = “NO”
SSI ‘your_SSlD_here”
Additional variables defined in the following section may also be
used.
1 Power on your computer and start Windows for Workgroups.
2. Go to the Main program group and click on Windows Set-Up.
3. Choose “Change Network Settings" under the Options Menu.
Under Network Settings choose “Network .
Under Networks choose “Install Miemsofi mdows Network“.
Select “0K".
6. Under Network Setup choose “Drivers...".
. Under Network Drivers choose “Add Adapters".
8. If the drivers were already copied to the hard disk, they will be
displayed in the list.
9. Under Add Adapter choose “Airouet LM3500 Adapter” If it is
not on the menu list, choose “Unlisted“ or “Updated Network
Driver”. The Install Driver pop up window will ask you for the
Aironet driver disk.
10, Plaoe Lan_Drv_3500 Vl XX in drive A:. Direct the path to
A:\ndis2 and click on OK.
1 1. Choose the correct Aimnet Adapter and click “OK".
12. If the chosen adapter is displayed in the “Network Drivers",
click on “Setup".
13. Make changes to match the Aironet system.
'30
DOS Packet Driver Installation
The installation of this driver includes creating or editing a
configuration file (AWCPJKTNI). It is required that this file
contain the following lines:
Table 3.3 - Minimum PKT Drlver Settin z s
INFRASTRUCTURE MODE AD HOC MODE
[AWCPZK] [AWCPSK]
INFRASTRUCTURE = “YES" INFRASTRUCTURE = “N0"
SSID = “your_SSID_here" SSlD = “your_SSID_here"
Additional variables defined in the following section may also
be used
‘31
Driver Keywords and Settings
The default LM3 100 configuration:
Non power save infrastructure mode allowing association
with any Aimnet Access Point matching the SSID supplied
by the user
The Factory supplied network address will be used
Receive directed packets to this address as well as
multicasts and broadcasts
Retry data packets up to [6 times before discarding the
frame
Retry RTS sequence up to 16 times before discarding the
frame
RTS exchange will be used on all frames greater than 300
bytes
Frames longer than 700 bytes will be fragmented
Fragmented transmit packets will be killed if not delivered
in 5 seconds
Fragmented receive frames will be killed if not complete
after
10 seconds
Active scanning with 3 msee energy detect time and
20 msec probe response wait timeout
Four consecutively missed beaeons will cause a re-scan
LM3100 will send an Aironet Access Point keep-alive
message every 10 seconds
'32
The following tables contain keywords and parameter settings
common to both lhe NDIS2 PROTOCOLINI and the PKT
AWCP3KJNI configuration files.
Basic system operation can be adjusted Willi the following
paramemrs.
Table 3.4 - General Network Parameurs
Parameters
Description
Oplional - specifies wh . ersyshem
openlion uses as infrulrucmre
(Airmm Acms Poi-n) 0nd hm:
(default is ON/YES).
SSID 0 L0 32 character smug
Oplirmal » this parameter lvlusl
mulch the SSH) for pluper
innssuucmre opemion.
NETADDRESS llly IEEE MAC
address except
hmldmi and
multiusl
Ni lRMAL
NOMULTlCAST
Optimal - nus selling allows for
Iocflly adminislcred MAC
addresses by warming use unique
MAC ID on the LMJ 100.
Option-I A nus selling Mumlnes
whether or nmmultiust filmes In
delivered to me driver from the
LM]100(dstquls NORMAL).
PRECONFIG ON/Y ES
33
Oylimul - mis parameter is used
me: A vs] id configuration has been
saved in the flush
in specifiu nu saved configurnlinn
should be uscd (default is
OFF/NO).
u plwnd - specifies whether
um configuration will be saved in
flush memory on me LMJ 100
(default is OFF/N0).
Network performance can be optimized with the following
variables,
Table 3.5 - Advanced Network Parameters
Parameters
Description
Optional - spec! res . e
number ommes u parka! will
be varied heft”: the puke! is
dmypzd uud a Innsmit error
is repoued 10 driver
(defuuu is 16).
RTSREI KYLIMIT
RTSTHRESHOLD
ommuul - specifier are
number oflinm dun
RTS/CTS will be retried (0
gain mess before u packcl is
dropped and a "msmil emu is
repomd m rhe driver
(def-rm is 16).
Opumiul - speclfig the
minimum frame size. in bylzs.
for which RTS/crs delivery
will be used. Packers longer
mun mi: vulue will be
delivered using RTS/CI'S
nuudsnbkiug (deruulr is 300).
(Tpuonal - speclfi'e‘s the
maximum vim: m anempr
puckel delivery (defaulr is
5000000 user: [5 recondsl).
071mm - speclfia the
maximum lime far reaching l
Frugmcnwd packet (damn is
10000000 usec [IO seconds».
DEFAULT
ON
RIGHT
LEI-T
'34
Opriumu - specifies me
mmmil diversity «method m
In used by me um um
(definll is ON).
Additional system performance adjuslments can be made with the
following you]: of variables.
Table 3.6 Fra-msntallon Parameters
Optwn ~ speci us
fi'lgmmminn size in byws
Frames lnngcr mm lilis
value will be tun-mined
using multiple pm
(default is 700).
THRESHOLD
35
LM3100 puwer management can be adjusted with the following
group of variables.
Table 3.7 Power Management Parameters
Parameters Descrlpt 1:
POWER ll - specific
SAVEMDDE particular opemiuml mode
(dAfmll is CAM)
CAM = Censunl Awnk:
Mud:
P5? = Power Slvc Pall
Mod:
Note: For ad has made,
ATIMDURATION must
also be an
ATIM Ad has only - specifies iii:
DURATION Icnglh chime in Ruse: for
ATM: following n bemoan
(this “ins mun be non-um
for PS? nd hoe operatinnv 0
is nonl’SP mods (dd-uh is
OxMOO).
This value musl I7: 3
muiiipis ofOxwo wilh a
minimum 0“)le
(SKusec) suggested.
This valix is only used
when sunlng a new
network. Whmjnining a
network, the value enmuy
in use will be alumni
TIMWAKE Infrastructure only -
FRACTION dflclmins how align m
awaken for beacons, Not:
that Lhc LMJIOO will always
awaken n: receive DTlMs.
36
Scanning performance adjustments can be made with the
following group ofvariables.
Parameters
Description
optlfllw] - pas-mew n)
PASSIVE determine ins cumin
scanning mode in be used by
(h: LMJIOO (Minn is
ACTIVE).
BEACON Optional - determines file
LISTENTO number nfconsmiiveiy
missm beams, which will
emu m—scsn (default is u).
mom? Winn]! - duermlnfi lh=
ENERGYTO ammmt chime in listen for
RF may following . web:
(or win sunning mode
(dcfanll is exam [3ms])
PROBE Optwnfl - dmnninu the
RESPONSETO amnunl nflime m wail fur a
pious usponss ans: anagy
is deuce-m on . channel (in
active sunning mod:
(default is 0mm [zonis]).
Table 3.8 - Scannin -
37
Aironel Access Point alwmatives can be made with the following
palamelcrs.
Table 3.9 - Infrastructure Parameters
REFRESH Opium . dew-mm: the
INTERVAL mm chime, in seconds.
“mm refmsll pukeu to
me Aime! Access Poinl
(deflnh is |0).
- [Fl v » 9 my lEEE MA Optional - owes “summon
address except in specified Aimllel Anus
bmadcasl md Point
mullicasl
38
Ad hoc system operation is accomplished with the following
group of variables.
Table 3.10 - Ad Hoc Parameters
Parameters
Value
Optimal mm lies 1h; amouni chime
um an a 1m Minn will scan before
swung is awn net (defaull is 10000000
[Mm];
BEACONPERIOD
401mm -
390Kusec
Optional - specifies die beau-mug lntervll
in Kyuc. This value must be : mnlfiplc of
M400 (defiull is 008500 [96kusec]).
CURRENTSET
11,3
Oplionul - specifies 15mm: 1555
1102.11 lwp at All minus in live Id Mc
network must match in order to
mnununicm («mu is 1)
CURRENT
PATTERN
Opuonal » specifies the cum-u
1555 1102.1 1 Mp mm m be used. All
smiuns in me ad hoc network musl mulch
in order 10 wmmunluml
ATIMDURATKON
40mm; -
400ms=c
2000
39
bplmnil - specifies an cmm 11m:
5mm hops and M11 period in
mimsflxmds. This value mm be a
multiple of0x401) (defwll is 0x30000
[mkumn
Ad hnc only - specifies the length offime
for ATlMs following - beacon (mis value
muslbe non-urn for PSP Id hoe
ope-Linn),
This value is un1y used wlwn surfing 1 new
network. when joining a neiwork, 01:
value cunenuy in use will be mum
When not using card and socket services, the following variables
must be initialized and direct communication with an 82365
PCMCIA socket controller chip be used.
Table 3.11 - PC Card Parameters
Parameters
Value
15 in ports
(laugh a hyms)
Description
Optimal ~ specifies an lO hm n
this location Thls par-meme: mnsl
be specified when and lllfl sockcl
services are mi “Rd.
SOCKET
Gpimnn - specifiemc mowed
PC Card socket. This pmmuer
mini be specified when card and
socket xrvius Ire nol “std
(Mann is I).
mo
Optimal , specnfies me 1m)
number. This pamneuimusibe
specified when and and socket
services are not used.
MEMORY
40
Optiolul - spfimfia me 015
minim data window. This
par-mm muslbe used when and
and socket service: In no! used.
Section 4
Performing Diagnostic Tools
This section details procedures for mnning diagnostics and
updating firmware.
Here’s what you’ll find in this section:
- Using the Diagnostic Tools
- Loading New Firmware Versions
Using the Diagnostic Tools
To ensure the quality of your wireless infrastrueoure, Aironet
provides link quality and site survey tools, A description of the
tools and their use is outlined below,
Link Quality Tool
When using infrastructure mode, Aironet Access Points provide
several methods for testing the transmission quality of the RF
link and its performance between the LM3 100 and the Aironet
Access Point, The linktest option provides an easy method for
testing the performance. To perform the linktest:
l. Configure the LM3100 so it associates to the Aironet
Access Point (same SSID).
2. From the Aironet Access Point console, select
Configuration from the Main Menu then select Radio
from the Configuration Menu, Select the Instlll option to
reach the Configuration Radio Install Menut Choose
Linklest.
3, Set parameters (Length) to approximate typical network
data.
41
4, Execute Multicast Test from the Configuration Radio
Install Linktest Menu to determine avenge first time
packet delivery success.
5. Execute Unicast Test from the Configuration Radio Install
Linktest Menu to determine statistics about packet delivery
success utilizing the Aironet RF protocol.
This will provide average one-way and round-trip response times,
average collision/packet error rate, average signal strength, and
signal quality,
Additional data can be gleaned from the Statistics-Radio and
Statistic-fluoughput Menu options
For more information on the Aironet Access Point testing
procedures, consult the AP3500 Technical Guide.
Site Survey Tool
In order to perform a meaningful site survey, it is necessary to
conduct a test which will accurately model the intended use of the
system. lt is important to perform a site survey using equipment
which is similar to that implemented. Items to be surveyed are:
- transmit power
antenna(s) type
antenna(s) location
packet (fragment) size
interference
The site survey should be conducted with all variables set to the
operational values. It should be performed during the time the RF
link will generally be functioning with all other systems and noise
sources operationali
The Iinktest tool is generally used to determine if a particular
station can reliably communicate with the Aironet Access Point.
However, linktest is a useful tool for determining the etl'eetive
coverage range of an Aironet Access Point as well as the
communication range of the stations/mobile stations.
42
For efficiency, the site survey application should be executed
entirely from the mobile station. The linktest provides this
capability when executed from a telnet session initiated from the
mobile station. To perform the site survey:
1,
2.
89>"
10.
ll.
12.
Install the drivers.
Configure the drivers for network operation.
Ensure unique I? assignments of mobile/portable
LM3100 device and Aironet Access Point.
Setup an Aironet Access Point for the intended
operation (set fragmentation thresholds, RTS
thresholds, eta).
Stan the operating system on the mobile station.
Configure the adapter.
Check that the mobile station is associated to the
Aironet Access Point
Start a telnet session on the mobile station to the
Aironet Access Point. Depending upon the system in
use, the telnet application may have logging and note
taking capability. It” so, enable these modes.
Navigate through the Aironet Access Point menu to
the linktest option.
Setup the test options to accurately model the system
(packet size, multicast, unicast, etc).
Set the test for continuous operation with a 1 second
delay.
Begin traversing the area around the Aimnet Access
Point to determine its coverage, lf logging and notes
are not possible with the telnet application being used,
a manual log can be maintained. (The logging
capability of the Aironet Access Point can also be
used.)
43
Major Parameters
Packet Size: the shorter the packet sizes (fragment
sizes), the higher the likelihood of successful
delivery. The tradeoff is more overhead is incurred
for the delivery of longer frames.
Unicast: this form of linktest closely resembles the
normal packet delivery mechanisms. Acknowledge-
ments are used and retries are allowed. If successful
delivery before a maximum retry count is reached, it
is considered a success.
Multicast: this form of linktest will more accurately
depict the actual limits of the coverage area. Only
packets delivered on the first attempt are counted as
a SUCCESS,
Issues
a The telnet session packets are interspersed with the
test packets which may have the effect of increasing
the roundtrip time for some frames. The linktest
option will show progress changes as the test is being
conducted.
- The packet first time delivery success rate may not be
as important for u'ansaction based systems and can
result in a slightly larger range.
0 Using longer packets can provide some degree of
safety margin in the range estimate.
- Conducting the test during normal operational times
will reflect the most accurate survey. A survey
performed at night may not accurately reflect
operation during the day when there are many more
people present and equipment in operation.
'44
Interpretation ul‘ Results
It is important w remember that the information being
displayed is from the Aironet Access Point viewpoint.
Therefore, packets sent arefi'am the Aironet Access
Point to the LM3 100 client. Packets received, are from
the LM3 [00 client to the Aironet Access Point.
Roundtrip time will be effected by the telnet session
maintenance and the hopping overhead.
Signal quality is an estimate ofthe signal strength
recorded at the time of packet reception by the radio.
45
Loading New Firmware Versions
The LM3100 firmware is contained in the card’s flash memory.
Flash memory allows for easy updating of the firmware as
necessary.
To Download Firmware using card and socket
services
PPNT‘
S.
6.
7.
LM3 KCS 0x6]
TARG —cs
Enter “L“ at the ‘ prompt to erase the flash memory.
Enter filename when prompted (ie,,
3KV106_8.HEX).
Enter “q” at the ' prompt to exit the utility.
Wait 15 seconds.
Reboot the host system.
To Download Firmware without using card and
socket services
This option requires a host system with an 82365 (or
100% compatible) PC Card socket controller,
1.
2.
3.
$95“
PCMCIA ON {-slutX/ enables power to socket # X,
X=0 or 1
TARG
Enter “L“ at the ’ prompt to erase the flash memory.
Enter filename when prompted (ie.,
3KV106_8.l-IEX).
Enter “q” at the ' prompt to exit the utility
Wait for 15 seaonds.
Reboot the host system.
'46
Test report #09800168
FCC B for Model LM3100
Section 5 FCC ID: L02102037
Error Messages and Trouble Shooting
The LM3100 provides LED messages and error codes, This
section provides the general procedures for correcting common
problems encountered when installing the LM3100 system,
Indicator LEDs
The LM3100 has two indicator LEDs (green and amber)
located on the face of the card.
The green indicator is the Link Integrity/Power LED. It lights
when the card is receiving power and flashes when the LM3100
is linked with the network.
The amber indicator is the Link Activity LED. It flashes when
the LM3100 is receiving or transmitting data, or in a pattern to
indicate an error condition.
See Tables 5.1, 5.2‘ and 5.3 fur explanations ufthe LED
Messages and Error Codes.
47
Table 5.1 - Green LED Operatlng Massages
Green LED Condition
No power or error
Power on, self-test OK, scanning for a
network
Flashing Slowly Associated with an infrastructure
network
Flashing Quickly
Table 5.2 - Amber LED Operating Messages
Amber LED Condition
LM3100 is transmining or
receiving data while
associated with an Aimnet
Access Point
In icam an “lemon
Flashing in a
Pamem
Card is not operating (reset)
Table 5.3 - LED Error Codes
Condition
Blink at 2 secund rate
2 fast blinks / 2 second pause
Flash Boat Block Checksum
failure
Firmware Checksum failure
3 fast blinks / 2 second pause
48
Source Exif Data: 
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File Type Extension             : pdf
MIME Type                       : application/pdf
PDF Version                     : 1.2
Linearized                      : Yes
Create Date                     : 2001:07:04 05:45:57
Producer                        : Acrobat Distiller 4.0 for Windows
Modify Date                     : 2001:07:04 05:45:58-04:00
Page Count                      : 58
EXIF Metadata provided by EXIF.tools
FCC ID Filing: LOZ102037

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