Airspan Networks AIRSPAN-SPR19 Subscriber Premise Radio User Manual

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The Innovation Behind Broadband Wireless
ASWipLL / AS3010 Systems
Wireless IP-Based Local Loop System
Release 5.2
Hardware
Installation Guide
Leading the World in Wireless DSL
ASWipLL products bear the CE marking. This CE marking demonstrates ASWipLL's full compliance with applicable
European Union (EU) directives:
ASWipLL products bear the Underwriters Laboratories (UL) marking, demonstrating full compliance with UL's
safety requirements:
ASWipLL products bear the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) marking, demonstrating compliance with
FCC Part 15 regulations.
Pub. Rev.
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
11
Revision Record: ASWipLL Hardware Installation Guide
Update Description
First edition and printing. (Marconi)
ASWipLL Release 1.4 (Marconi)
ASWipLL Release 2.0 (Marconi)
ASWipLL Release 2.2 (Marconi)
ASWipLL Release 2.6 (Marconi)
ASWipLL Release 3.0A (Marconi)
ASWipLL Release 4.0. Author: MD. Updates: Airspan template and content
(connector pinouts; cable crimping, and general)
May-03
ASWipLL Release 4.2F. Author: MD. Updates: graphics, deleted BSR with serial
port.
Jul-03
ASWipLL Release 4.2A. Author: MD. Updates: Chapter 1 for Transparent
Bridging; 5.8 GHz; 2.8 GHz.
Aug-03
ASWipLL Release 4.2A. Author: MD. Updates: formatting; graphics; BSDU
LEDs
Oct-03
ASWipLL & AS3010 Rel. 42B. Auth: MD. Updates: RSSI Plug for SPR; IDR
RSSI levels; SDA-4S/Vltag; safety guidelines; Append. D.
Feb-04
ASWipLL & AS3010 Rel. 4.4. Auth: MD. Updates: RSS LED plug photo
Aug-04
Rel. 4.6. Auth: MD. Updates: SDA-1/48V; SDA-1/DC; Link Quality; additional
FCC safety guidelines; Site Planning; miscellaneous.
Feb-05
Rel. 4.8. Auth: MD. Updates: surge protector; ASWipLL 900 ext. ant; removed
SDA-1/48V; added SDA-4S/DC and SDA-E1.
Mar-05
Rel. 4.8. Auth: MD.
Mar-05
Rel. 4.8. Auth: MD. Updates: removed specs.
Aug-05
Rel. 5.2. Auth: MD. Updates: PolyPhaser lightning protector; SDA-1 Type II
Date
Nov-00
Mar-01
Apr-01
Jul-01
Nov-01
Jun-02
Feb-03
Publication No. 02030311-11
 Copyright by Airspan Networks INC., 2003. All rights reserved worldwide.
The information contained in this document is proprietary and is subject to all relevant copyright, patent and other
laws protecting intellectual property, as well as any specific agreement protecting Airspan Networks INC. rights in
the aforesaid information. Neither this document nor the information contained herein may be published,
reproduced or disclosed to third parties, in whole or in part, without the express, prior, written permission of
Airspan Networks INC. In addition, any use of this document or the information contained herein for any purposes
other than those for which it was disclosed is strictly forbidden.
Airspan Networks INC. reserves the right, without prior notice or liability, to make changes in equipment design or
specifications.
Information supplied by Airspan Networks INC. is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility
is assumed by Airspan Networks INC. for the use thereof nor for the rights of third parties which may be effected
in any way by the use thereof.
Any representation(s) in this document concerning performance of Airspan Networks INC. product(s) are for
informational purposes only and are not warranties of future performance, either express or implied. Airspan
Networks INC. standard limited warranty, stated in its sales contract or order confirmation form, is the only
warranty offered by Airspan Networks INC. in relation thereto.
This document may contain flaws, omissions or typesetting errors; no warranty is granted nor liability assumed in
relation thereto unless specifically undertaken in Airspan Networks INC. sales contract or order confirmation.
Information contained herein is periodically updated and changes will be incorporated into subsequent editions. If
you have encountered an error, please notify Airspan Networks INC. All specifications are subject to change
without prior notice.
Main Operations:
Headquarters:
Airspan Communications Ltd.
Airspan Networks Inc.
Cambridge House
777 Yamato Road
Oxford Road
Suite 105
Uxbridge
Boca Raton, FL 33431
Middlesex
USA
UB8 1UN
Tel: (+1) 561 893 8670
United Kingdom
Fax: (+1) 561 893 8671
Tel: (+44) 1895 467 100
Web site: http//www.Airspan.com
Customer Service (TAC): Wipll.tech_support@airspan.com
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Hardware Installation Guide
Contents
Contents
About this Guide ................................................................................................ xiii
1.
Overview ................................................................................................. 1-1
1.1. System Architecture........................................................................... 1-3
1.2. Base Station Site ............................................................................... 1-3
1.2.1. Base Station Radio (BSR) ................................................... 1-4
1.2.2. Point-to-Point Radio (PPR).................................................. 1-4
1.2.3. Base Station Distribution Unit (BSDU)................................. 1-4
1.2.4. Global Positioning System (GPS) - Optional........................ 1-5
1.2.5. Base Station Power Supply (BSPS) - Optional .................... 1-5
1.3. Subscriber Site .................................................................................. 1-6
1.3.1. Outdoor Radio with Indoor Switch/Hub................................ 1-6
1.3.1.1. Subscriber Premises Radio (SPR) ........................ 1-6
1.3.1.2. Subscriber Data Adapter (SDA) ............................ 1-7
1.3.2. Indoor Radio Only ............................................................. 1-10
2.
Safety Guidelines.................................................................................... 2-1
2.1. General.............................................................................................. 2-1
2.2. ASWipLL Radios and Third-Party External Antennas......................... 2-2
2.3. Electrical Safety Guidelines ............................................................... 2-5
2.3.1. Handling Electrostatic Devices ............................................ 2-5
2.3.2. Grounding ........................................................................... 2-6
2.3.3. Lightning Protection............................................................. 2-6
2.4. Cabling .............................................................................................. 2-7
2.4.1. Considerations .................................................................... 2-7
2.4.2. Labeling............................................................................... 2-9
2.4.2.1. Voltage Warning ................................................... 2-9
2.4.2.2. High Earth Leakage Current................................ 2-10
2.4.2.3. Signal Cable Designation.................................... 2-10
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3.
Package Contents................................................................................... 3-1
4.
Required Tools ....................................................................................... 4-1
5.
Radio Site Planning ................................................................................ 5-1
5.1. Minimal Radio Path Obstructions....................................................... 5-2
5.2. Fresnel Zone Clearance .................................................................... 5-2
5.3. Multipath Fading ................................................................................ 5-4
5.4. Spectrum Analysis for Locating Clear Frequencies............................ 5-4
5.5. Adjacent Base Station Radios............................................................ 5-5
5.6. Calculating Link Budget ..................................................................... 5-5
5.7. Radio Antenna Alignment .................................................................. 5-9
5.8. Antenna Polarization Usage............................................................. 5-10
5.9. Considerations when Using External Antennas ............................... 5-11
5.9.1. Cable Loss ........................................................................ 5-11
5.9.2. Omni-Directional Antennas................................................ 5-13
5.9.3. Operating in 900 MHz........................................................ 5-13
5.9.4. Operating in Band-C for FCC Markets............................... 5-14
5.9.5. Dual Antenna Receive Diversity ........................................ 5-15
Part I: Base Station Installation
6.
Basic Design of Devices ........................................................................ 6-1
6.1. BSR ................................................................................................... 6-1
6.1.1. Models ................................................................................ 6-1
6.1.2. Physical Dimensions ........................................................... 6-2
6.1.3. Ports.................................................................................... 6-2
6.2. BSDU ................................................................................................ 6-3
6.2.1. Physical Dimensions ........................................................... 6-3
6.2.2. Ports.................................................................................... 6-4
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Contents
6.2.3. LED Indicators..................................................................... 6-6
6.2.3.1. BSR's LEDs .......................................................... 6-6
6.2.3.2. 100Base-T LEDs................................................... 6-6
6.2.3.3. Status LEDs.......................................................... 6-7
6.3. GPS................................................................................................... 6-8
6.3.1. Physical Dimensions ........................................................... 6-8
6.3.2. Ports.................................................................................... 6-8
6.4. BSPS................................................................................................. 6-8
7.
Mounting the Devices............................................................................. 7-1
7.1. Pole Mounting BSR ........................................................................... 7-1
7.2. Rack Mounting BSDU ........................................................................ 7-9
7.3. Mounting BSPS (Optional) ............................................................... 7-10
8.
Network Cabling ..................................................................................... 8-1
8.1. BSR Connected to BSDU .................................................................. 8-1
8.1.1. Connecting BSR to BSDU ................................................... 8-1
8.1.2. Connecting BSDU to 100BaseT Networks........................... 8-4
8.1.3. Daisy-Chaining BSDUs ....................................................... 8-6
8.1.4. Connecting BSDU Synchronization Ports ............................ 8-8
8.1.5. Connecting BSDU to PC for SNMP Management.............. 8-11
8.2. BSR Connected to SDA................................................................... 8-14
9.
Serial Cabling.......................................................................................... 9-1
9.1. Serial Cabling BSR to PC .................................................................. 9-2
9.2. Serial Cabling BSDU to PC................................................................ 9-4
9.3. Serial Cabling BSPS to BSDU ........................................................... 9-6
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10.
Hardware Installation Guide
Connecting Third-Party External Antennas ........................................ 10-1
10.1. Connecting Radio Antennas to BSR .............................................. 10-1
10.2. Connecting GPS Antenna to BSDU ............................................... 10-4
10.2.1. Mounting the GPS ........................................................... 10-4
10.2.2. Connecting the GPS........................................................ 10-5
11.
Power Cabling....................................................................................... 11-1
11.1. Connecting Power to BSDU........................................................... 11-2
11.1.1. Grounding the BSDU....................................................... 11-2
11.1.2. Connecting Power Source (e.g. BSPS) to BSDU............. 11-3
11.2. Connecting Power to SDA ............................................................. 11-6
Part II: CPE Installation -- Subscriber Premises Radio (SPR)
12.
Basic Design of Devices ...................................................................... 12-1
12.1. SPR ............................................................................................... 12-2
12.1.1. Models............................................................................. 12-2
12.1.2. Physical Dimensions ....................................................... 12-2
12.1.3. Ports................................................................................ 12-3
12.2. SDA ............................................................................................... 12-3
12.2.1. Physical Dimensions ....................................................... 12-3
12.2.2. Ports................................................................................ 12-4
12.2.2.1. SDA-4S............................................................. 12-4
12.2.2.2. SDA-4H............................................................. 12-6
12.2.2.3. SDA-1 ............................................................... 12-7
12.2.2.4. SDA-1/DC ......................................................... 12-7
12.2.2.5. SDA-1 Type II ................................................... 12-8
12.2.3. LED Indicators................................................................. 12-8
12.2.3.1. SDA-4S............................................................. 12-8
12.2.3.2. SDA-4H........................................................... 12-11
12.2.3.3. SDA-1, SDA-1/DC, SDA-1 Type II................... 12-12
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12.3. RSS LED Adapter........................................................................ 12-13
12.3.1. Physical Dimensions ..................................................... 12-13
12.3.2. Ports.............................................................................. 12-14
12.3.3. LEDs ............................................................................. 12-15
13.
Mounting the Devices........................................................................... 13-1
13.1. Wall Mounting the SPR.................................................................. 13-1
13.2. Mounting the SDA.......................................................................... 13-8
13.2.1. Desktop Mounting ........................................................... 13-8
13.2.2. Wall Mounting.................................................................. 13-9
14.
Network Cabling ................................................................................... 14-1
14.1. Connecting SPR to SDA ................................................................ 14-1
14.2. Connecting SDA to Subscriber's Ethernet Network........................ 14-5
14.2.1. Connecting to LAN/PC .................................................... 14-5
14.2.2. Connecting to Hub......................................................... 14-10
14.2.3. Connecting to VoIP Network.......................................... 14-13
15.
Serial Cabling........................................................................................ 15-1
16.
Connecting Third-Party External Antenna .......................................... 16-1
17.
Antenna Alignment using RSS LED Plug Adapter ............................. 17-1
18.
Power Cabling....................................................................................... 18-1
18.1. SPR Connected to DC Power ........................................................ 18-2
18.1.1. Housing the Power Connectors ....................................... 18-3
18.1.2. Connecting Power Connector to SDA.............................. 18-4
18.2. SPR Connected to AC Power ........................................................ 18-5
18.2.1. SDA-4S, SDA-4H and SDA-1 Models.............................. 18-6
18.2.2. SDA-1 Type II.................................................................. 18-8
18.2.2.1. Changing SDA-1 Type II Plug Prongs ............... 18-8
18.2.2.2. Plugging SDA-1 Type II into Wall Outlet.......... 18-10
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Part III: CPE Installation -- Indoor Data Radio (IDR)
19.
Basic Design ......................................................................................... 19-1
19.1. Models ........................................................................................... 19-1
19.2. Physical Dimensions...................................................................... 19-2
19.3. Ports .............................................................................................. 19-3
19.4. LED Indicators ............................................................................... 19-4
20.
Mounting ............................................................................................... 20-1
20.1. Attaching the Front Cover .............................................................. 20-2
20.2. Desktop Mounting.......................................................................... 20-3
20.2.1. Vertical-Desktop Mounting............................................... 20-4
20.2.2. Horizontal-Desktop Mounting .......................................... 20-5
20.3. Wall and Pole Mounting ................................................................. 20-6
20.3.1. Wall Mounting.................................................................. 20-6
20.3.2. Pole Mounting ................................................................. 20-9
21.
Network Cabling ................................................................................... 21-1
22.
Serial Cabling........................................................................................ 22-1
23.
Connecting Third-Party External Antenna .......................................... 23-1
24.
Antenna Alignment Using RSS LEDs.................................................. 24-1
25.
Power Cabling....................................................................................... 25-1
25.1. Connecting the Power Adapters .................................................... 25-3
25.2. AC Power Supply........................................................................... 25-4
25.3. DC Power Supply .......................................................................... 25-6
25.3.1. Housing the Power Connectors ....................................... 25-6
25.3.2. Connecting DC Power to IDR .......................................... 25-7
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Contents
A.
Glossary ..................................................................................................A-1
B.
Installing the BSPS.................................................................................B-1
C.
Cable Crimping .......................................................................................C-1
D.
RSS Led Plug Cabling for SPR with DB9 Port ......................................D-1
E.
RJ-45 to DB15 Adapter for IDU/ODU Connectivity ............................... E-1
F.
Extending IDU/ODU Cable Length......................................................... F-1
G.
Evaluating Link Quality ......................................................................... G-1
H.
Installing SDA-E1 for TDMoP .................................................................H-1
I.
Installing a Lightning Protector .............................................................. I-1
J.
Declaration of FCC Conformity.............................................................. J-1
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About this Guide
This section discusses the purpose, targeted audience, references, organization,
conventions, and technical support.
Purpose
The purpose of this guide is to provide information required to install the ASWipLL
system hardware devices. These devices include the Base Station Radio (BSR),
Point to Point Radio (PPR), Base Station Distribution Unit (BSDU), Base Station
Power Supply (BSPS), Global Positioning System antenna (GPS), Subscriber
Premises Radio (SPR), Subscriber Data Adapter (SDA), and Indoor Data Radio
(IDR).
Targeted Audience
This guide is intended for the certified person who is responsible for installing the
ASWipLL system. This person should be a professional installer who is familiar
with electronic circuitry, wiring, and wireless networking.
Referenced Documentation
For a system description and detailed information on software configuration, refer to
the following documentation:
„ ASWipLL System Description: provides an overview of the entire ASWipLL
system.
„ WipConfig User's Guide: Airspan recommends that you refer to this guide for
performing serial initial configuration.
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„
Hardware Installation Guide
WipManage User's Guide: Airspan recommends that you refer to this guide as a
reference for using the WipManage program for configuring and managing the
ASWipLL devices.
„ ASWipLL Commissioning Manual: Airspan recommends that you refer to this
guide for descriptions on configuring and managing the ASWipLL devices.
Organization of this Guide
This guide is organized into the following chapters and parts:
„ Chapter 1, "Overview": provides a brief overview of the ASWipLL devices.
„ Chapter 2, "Safety Guidelines": lists the safety guidelines for handling cables
and electricity during the installation.
„ Chapter 3, "Package Contents": lists items provided in standard ASWipLL kits.
„ Chapter 4, "Required Tools": lists the tools required for installing the system.
„ Chapter 5, "Radio Site Planning": describes radio issues for planning the site
before installation.
„ Part 1, "Base Station Installation": includes the following chapters concerned
with installing ASWipLL equipment at the Base Station:
xiv
„
Chapter 6, "Basic Design of Devices"
„
Chapter 7, "Mounting the Devices"
„
Chapter 8, "Network Cabling"
„
Chapter 9, "Serial Cabling"
„
Chapter 10, "Connecting Third-Party External Antennas"
„
Chapter 11, "Power Cabling"
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„ Part 2, "CPE Installation - SPR": includes the following chapters concerned
with installing an SPR (interfacing with subscriber's network through an SDA) at
the subscriber's premises:
„
Chapter 12, "Basic Design of Devices"
„
Chapter 13, "Mounting the Devices"
„
Chapter 14, "Network Cabling"
„
Chapter 15, "Serial Cabling"
„
Chapter 16, "Connecting Third-Party External Antennas"
„
Chapter 17, "Antenna Alignment using RSS LED Adapter"
„
Chapter 18, "Power Cabling"
„ Part 3, "CPE Installation - IDR": includes the following chapters concerned
with installing an IDR at the subscriber's premises:
„
Chapter 19, "Basic Design"
„
Chapter 20, "Mounting"
„
Chapter 21, "Network Cabling"
„
Chapter 22, "Serial Cabling"
„
Chapter 23, "Connecting Third-Party External Antenna"
„
Chapter 24, "Antenna Alignment using RSS LEDs"
„
Chapter 25, "Power Cabling"
„ Appendix A, "Glossary": glossary of terms used in this guide
„ Appendix B, "Installing the BSPS": describes the procedures for installing an
optional third-party Base Station Power System.
„ Appendix C, "Cable Crimping": describes the crimping procedure for 15-Pin
D-type, N-type, and GPS connectors.
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„ Appendix D, "RSS Led Plug Cabling for SPR with DB9 Port": describes
connector pinouts for SPR-to-RSS LED Adapter cabling when the old SPR
model that provides a 9-pin D-type port is used.
„ Appendix E, "RJ-45 to DB15 Adapter for IDU/ODU Connectivity": describes
the use of an optional RJ-45 to DB15 adapter for connecting the outdoor radio to
the indoor hub/switch.
„ Appendix F, "Extending IDU/ODU Cable Length": provides step-by-step
procedure for extending the length of the CAT cable connecting the indoor unit
to the outdoor radio.
„ Appendix G, "Evaluating Link Quality": describes the procedures for
evaluating quality of the BSR-SPR link.
„ Appendix H, "Installing SDA-E1 for TDMoP": provides step-by-step
instructions on installing ASWipLL SDA-E1 for TDM over packet applications.
„ Appendix I, "Installing Lightning Protector": provides
instructions on installing third-party lightning protector.
step-by-step
„ Appendix J, "FCC Declaration of Conformity ": provides a declaration of FCC
conformity for the ASWipLL radios.
Conventions
This guide uses the following bulletin conventions:
Warning:
Provides information that can prevent and avoid bodily or
mechanical harm.
Note: Provides useful information.
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Customer Service
For service and support for your ASWipLL system, contact your regional Airspan
representative or Airspan's Technical Assistance Center (TAC) at:
„ Web site (Support Request Form):
http://www.airspan.com/Ultra/ContactForm/airspansupportform.asp
„ Americas: (+1) 561 893 8679
„ International: (+44) 1895 467467
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1
Overview
Airspan's ASWipLL system provides a low-cost, high-performance point-tomultipoint frequency hopping- and IP-based broadband wireless access (BWA)
solution. ASWipLL provides wireless local-loop (last-mile) connectivity designed to
deliver high-speed data, Voice over IP (VoIP), and multimedia services to
residential, SOHO, and small to medium enterprises. Delivering "always-on", highspeed Internet access and traditional voice services, ASWipLL offers service
providers an integrated, scalable access solution providing quick-to-market
deployment and low-market entry cost for broadband services.
Figure 1-1: Typical ASWipLL applications
ASWipLL operates in both the licensed bands and unlicensed bands.
Each ASWipLL Base Station can support thousands of subscribers, providing each
sector with high connectivity speeds of up to 4 Mbps. ASWipLL utilizes air protocol
technology for wireless packet switching using Frequency Hopping technology.
ASWipLL's in-house Preemptive Polling Multiple Access (PPMA) Air MAC
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Hardware Installation Guide
protocol technology, which recognizes transmission type and allocates bandwidth, is
highly efficient—80% throughput (i.e. 80% of 4 Mbps produces 3.2 Mbps net
capacity)—allowing multiple concurrent subscribers to utilize bandwidth over only a
1.33-MHz channel.
ASWipLL enables interconnection with the Public Switched Telephone Network
(PSTN) by using an IP-to-PSTN gateway. ASWipLL supports VoIP by offering
interoperability with a wide range of third-party products such as residential
gateways (RGW), access gateways, gatekeepers, and softswitches.
ASWipLL introduces real-time adaptive modulation (2-, 4-, 8-level FSK) and auto
retransmission request (ARQ); features offering high quality services whilst
maximizing spectrum utilization.
ASWipLL provides bandwidth management by supporting both asymmetric and
aggregated committed information rate (CIR) and maximum information rate (MIR),
guaranteeing bandwidth levels to subscribers.
ASWipLL supports broadband services such as VLANs and VPNs based on IEEE
802.1Q/p. ASWipLL supports IP routing and PPPoE bridging, as well as
transparent bridging.
ASWipLL provides embedded security features such as IP (packet) filtering based
on addresses, protocols, and applications.
The ASWipLL system supports SNMP-based management, allowing remote fault,
configuration, performance, and security management of the entire ASWipLL
system. This includes remote simultaneous software upgrade of multiple ASWipLL
devices.
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1.1. System Architecture
The ASWipLL system offers modular Base Station architecture and highperformance subscriber equipment. The ASWipLL system architecture is composed
of the following:
„ Base Station site: consists of ASWipLL access units that interface between the
provider's backbone and the ASWipLL subscriber sites.
„ Subscriber site: consists of ASWipLL customer premises equipment (CPE) that
interfaces between the Base Station and the subscriber's network.
„ Network operations center (NOC) tools: Windows- and SNMP-based
programs, providing fault, configuration, performance, and security management
for the entire ASWipLL system.
1.2. Base Station Site
The ASWipLL Base Station interfaces between the subscriber sites and the service
provider's backbone, delivering high-speed IP-based multimedia services to
subscribers across the last mile.
The Base Station includes various ASWipLL devices (some optional), as listed
below:
„ Base Station Radio (BSR) / Point-to-Point Radio (PPR) -- outdoor radio
„ Base Station Distribution Unit (BSDU) -- Ethernet switch
„ GPS antenna for synchronization
„ Base Station Power Supply (BSPS) -- provides –48 VDC power supply and
power redundancy
The implementation of these devices depends on the desired network (e.g. point-topoint radio link), number of outdoor radios, and power source at the Base Station,
and required synchronization method (e.g. by GPS).
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1.2.1. Base Station Radio (BSR)
The BSR is an outdoor radio that is mounted outside on a pole or wall. The BSR
provides a wireless link with subscribers and interfaces with the provider's
backbone. Each BSR can serve up to 251 subscribers in a sector.
The BSR is available in various models. These models differ mainly by:
„ Antenna design (providing integral flat-panel antennas, or N-type ports for
attaching third-party external antennas)
„ Antenna gain
„ Frequency band in which they are configured to operate
The BSR connects to the indoor Ethernet hub/switch by a CAT 5 cable, which
carries the Ethernet signal, frequency hopping synchronization signal, and DC
power. For a Base Station consisting of multiple BSRs, the BSRs connect to the
ASWipLL Base Station Distribution Unit (BSDU). For a Base Station consisting of
a single BSR, the BSR typically connects to the ASWipLL Subscriber Data Adapter
(SDA).
1.2.2. Point-to-Point Radio (PPR)
The PPR device is an outdoor radio similar to the BSR, but implemented in a pointto-point radio configuration, providing wireless communication with a single remote
subscriber ASWipLL radio (i.e. SPR or IDR).
1.2.3. Base Station Distribution Unit (BSDU)
The BSDU is an Ethernet switch implemented at Base Stations consisting of
multiple BSRs. The BSDU provides 100BaseT interface between the BSRs and the
provider's backbone. The BSDU is also responsible for providing BSRs with –48
VDC power supply and for synchronizing BSDUs, BSRs, and Base Stations (when a
GPS is implemented).
The BSDU is installed indoors in a standard 19-inch cabinet and connects to the
BSRs by standard CAT 5 cables. Each BSDU can service up to six BSRs. In
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addition, up to four BSDUs can be daisy-chained to support a maximum of 24
BSRs. Therefore, a Base Station at maximum configuration can serve up to 6,096
subscribers.
Note: At a Base Station consisting of a single BSR, the BSR typically
interfaces with the provider's backbone through an SDA instead of a BSDU.
(See Section 1.3.1, "Outdoor Radio with Indoor Switch/Hub").
1.2.4. Global Positioning System (GPS) - Optional
The GPS antenna is a rugged, self-contained GPS receiver and antenna that receives
a universal GPS satellite clock signal. The GPS is an optional unit that connects to
the BSDU. The GPS synchronizes (based on frequency hopping) multiple Base
Stations, ensuring that the entire ASWipLL network operates with the same clock
based on a universal satellite clock signal. This is crucial in eliminating radio
frequency ghosting effects.
1.2.5. Base Station Power Supply (BSPS) - Optional
The BSPS is an optional third-party unit that is implemented at Base Stations to
provide –48 VDC power supply and power redundancy. The BSPS is installed in a
standard 19-inch cabinet. The BSPS connects to the BSDU(s).
The BSPS provides the BSDUs and BSRs with the following:
„ Power supply of –48 VDC.
„ Power redundancy in case of power failure. The BSPS charges a battery bank
that provides power redundancy during mains failure. Thus, the BSPS acts as a
DC-uninterruptible power supply (UPS) with a battery connected to it. The size
of the battery determines the backup and charging time. Since the system is
current limited, the maximum battery size is based on this limit.
„ Remote power management and monitoring (by ASWipLL's WipManage
program).
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1.3. Subscriber Site
The ASWipLL customer premises equipment (CPE) are located at the subscriber's
premises. The ASWipLL subscriber site consists of a radio transceiver that receives
and transmits signals from and to the Base Station. The radio provides the subscriber
with high-speed data access, Internet access, and VoIP at up to 4 Mbps.
The ASWipLL radios interface with the subscriber's Ethernet network either through
a hub or switch, or directly, depending on the ASWipLL radio implemented.
Note: For VoIP support, Airspan can provide a third-party residential gateway
(RGW). The RGW typically provides two POTS ports for telephony, a 10BaseT
LAN port for subscriber PC/network, and a 10BaseT port for connecting to the
SDA or IDR (depending on subscriber site configuration).
The ASWipLL system provides two different subscriber-site configurations:
„ Outdoor radio with indoor Ethernet switch/hub
„ Indoor radio only
1.3.1. Outdoor Radio with Indoor Switch/Hub
The outdoor radio with indoor Ethernet switch/hub configuration consists of the
ASWipLL Subscriber Premises Radio (SPR) and the ASWipLL Subscriber Data
Adapter (SDA), respectively.
1.3.1.1. Subscriber Premises Radio (SPR)
The SPR is an outdoor radio that provides a wireless link with the Base Station (i.e.
BSR or PPR radio). The SPR interfaces with the subscriber's network through the
SDA Ethernet hub/ switch. The SDA provides the SPR with DC power, lightning
protection, and Ethernet (10BaseT and/or 100BaseT) interfaces with the subscriber's
PCs/network (up to four PCs, depending on SDA model).
The SPR is mounted outdoors on a wall or pole. The SPR connects to the SDA by a
standard CAT 5 cable.
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The SPR is available in various models. These models differ mainly by:
„ Antenna design (providing integral flat-panel antennas, or N-type ports for
attaching third-party external antennas)
„ Antenna gain
„ Frequency band in which they are configured to operate
1.3.1.2. Subscriber Data Adapter (SDA)
The SDA is a switch or hub (depending on model), providing the SPR with -48
VDC power supply, lightning protection, and 10/100BaseT interface with the
subscriber's PCs/network.
The SDA is installed indoors and can be mounted on a wall or simply placed on a
desktop. The SDA connects to the SPR by a standard CAT 5 cable.
The SDA is available in the following models:
„ SDA-1: hub providing one 10BaseT interface with the subscriber's computer (or
LAN network if connected to another hub or a switch).
„ SDA-1/DC: adapter that provides Ethernet (one 10BaseT) and regulated
–48 VDC power to the SPR. This model can be powered from a power source of
10 to 52 VDC (e.g. from a solar panel or car lighter, which typically provide 12
VDC). This model is typically implemented in mobile wireless applications, e.g.
in a car or truck.
„ SDA-1 Type II: compact adapter that provides 10/100BaseT interface and –48
VDC power to the SPR. This model provides interchangeable plug prongs and
can be plugged into a standard 110/240 VAC wall outlet or into a 10 to 52 VDC
power supply (e.g. solar panel)
„ SDA-4H: hub providing four 10BaseT interfaces with the subscriber's
computers and/or networks. One of the 10BaseT ports provides crossover
cabling for interfacing with another hub or LAN switch. Alternatively, it may be
connected to another PC via a crossed Ethernet cable.
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„ SDA-4S: integrated LAN switch, providing four 10/100BaseT interfaces with
the subscriber's PCs/network. The ports of the SDA-4S models support Auto
Negotiation, allowing automatic configuration for the highest possible speed
link: 10BaseT or 100BaseT, and Full Duplex or Half Duplex mode. In other
words, the speed of the connected device (e.g. a PC) determines the speed at
which packets are transmitted through the SDA-4S port. For example, if the
device to which the port is connected is running at 100 Mbps, the port
connection will transmit packets at 100 Mbps. If the device to which the port is
connected is running at 10 Mbps, the port connection will transmit packets at 10
Mbps.
The SDA-4S ports also support automatic MDI/MDI-X crossover detection,
allowing connection of straight-through or crossover CAT 5 cables to any port.
The SDA-4S is available in the following models:
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„
SDA-4S (standard): standard integrated LAN switch, providing four
10/100BaseT interfaces with the subscriber's computers. This model is ideal
for SOHO implementation.
„
SDA-4S/DC: integrated LAN switch, providing four 10/100BaseT interfaces
and especially designed for implementation where available power supply is
DC (10 to 52 VDC), e.g. from a solar panel or car lighter, which typically
provide 12 VDC. This model provides regulated –48 VDC power to the SPR.
„
SDA-4S/VL: provides VLANs between ports and the SPR, ensuring privacy
between LAN users of the different ports. For example, all users connected
to Port 1 do not "see" users connected to Port 2. This model is ideal for
multi-tenant (VLAN security) implementation.
„
SDA-4S/VLtag: ideal for multi-tenant applications where traffic engineering
and privacy is required. SDA-4S/VLtag assigns a specific VLAN ID to
traffic, based on the SDA-4S/Vltag port at which the traffic arrives. The
VLAN IDs are fixed (since SDA-4S/VLtag is not user configurable). SPR
converts the four VLAN IDs tagged by SDA-4S/VLtag to four VLAN IDs
configured through ASWipLL's network management system (WipManage).
The tag conversion is performed by SPR before sending the traffic to the air
(i.e. to the BSR) and vice versa when coming from the air.
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„
SDA-4S/1H3L: provides a high-priority port (left-most port) for VoIP
traffic.
„
SDA-4S/VL/1H3L: combines the functionality of the SDA-4S/VL and
SDA-4S/1H3L models (i.e. VLAN for each port and a high-priority port for
VoIP).
„
SDA-E1: integrated TDMoP fE1/Ethernet converter with standard SDA
features.
The figure below displays a typical subscriber site setup implementing an SPR and
SDA.
Figure 1-2: Subscriber site with SPR and SDA units (optional RGW)
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1.3.2. Indoor Radio Only
The indoor radio unit configuration consists solely of the ASWipLL Indoor Data
Radio (IDR). The IDR combines the functionality of the SPR and SDA, functioning
both as a transceiver and a hub. The IDR provides one 10BaseT Ethernet interface
with the subscriber's network. The IDR receives its power from a separate power
supply adapter (AC/DC or DC/DC power adapter).
The IDR is available in various models. These models differ mainly by:
„ Antenna design (providing integral flat-panel antennas, or TNC-type ports for
attaching third-party external antennas)
„ Antenna gain
„ Frequency band in which they are configured to operate
The IDR model with an integral flat-panel antenna is typically mounted on an
interior wall or on a desktop, ensuring line-of-sight with the Base Station. The IDR
model with a third-party external antenna is also mounted indoors, but the external
antenna is typically mounted outdoors to provide line-of-sight with the Base Station.
The IDR can be used for data and voice transmissions. In the case of voice, the IDR
uses a third-party RGW to interface with the subscriber's IP phone. Figure 1-3
displays a typical setup for data and voice at a subscriber site implementing the IDR.
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Figure 1-3: Subscriber site with IDR (optional third-party external antenna and RGW)
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Safety Guidelines
This chapter outlines safety guidelines that must be adhered to when installing the
ASWipLL system.
2.1. General
Warning: The user and the installer should be aware that changes and
modifications not expressly approved by Airspan Networks could void the
user's authority to operate the equipment.
Warning: Never install equipment that is damaged.
Warning: Only qualified personnel should be allowed to install, replace, and
service the ASWipLL equipment.
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2.2. ASWipLL Radios and Third-Party External
Antennas
Warning: Do not connect and disconnect antennas while the power is on. This
can cause irreversible damage to the device.
Warning: The digital portion of the transceiver has been tested and found to
comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the
FCC rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against
harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates,
uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in
accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio
communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not
occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful
interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by
turning the equipment on and off, the user is encouraged to try correct the
interference by performing one or more of the following measures:
- Reorientate or relocate the receiving antenna
- Increase separation between the equipment and receiver
- Connect the equipment to an outlet on a circuit different from that to which
the receiver is connected
- Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help
Warnings:
1) The device cannot be sold retail, to the general public or by mail order. It
must be sold to dealers.
2) Installation must be controlled.
3) Installation must be performed by licensed professionals.
4) Installation requires special training.
Warning: The ASWipLL radios and antennas should be installed ONLY by
experienced installation professionals who are familiar with local building and
safety codes and, wherever applicable, are licensed by the appropriate
government regulatory authorities. Failure to do so may void Airspan's
ASWipLL product warranty and may expose the end user or the service
provider to legal and financial liabilities. Airspan and its resellers or distributors
are not liable for injury, damage or violation of regulations associated with the
installation of outdoor units or antennas.
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Warning: For unlicensed bands, it is the responsibility of the person installing
the ASWipLL system to ensure that when using the outdoor antenna kits in the
United States (or where FCC rules apply), that only those antennas certified
with the product are used. The use of any antenna other than those certified
with the product is expressly forbidden in accordance with FCC rules CFR47
part 15.204. The installer should configure the output power level of antennas
according to country regulations and per antenna type.
Warning: For unlicensed bands, in accordance with FCC regulations, ensure
that the external antennas provide an EIRP of less than or equal to 36 dBm to
prevent interference with other radios operating in the unlicensed band. The
EIRP is defined by the following formula:
Max. Power Output + Antenna Gain - Cable Loss ≤ 36 dBm (EIRP)
Airspan does not supply cables for connecting external antennas. It is the
responsibility of the installer to provide the cable and ensure the cable
characteristics (i.e. cable loss) enables adherence to FCC's regulations
concerning maximum EIRP. When calculating output power based on cable
loss, always assume the ASWipLL radio is configured for maximum rate mode
(i.e. 1.33/4 Mbps), which provides greater Tx power than low rate modes.
The table below lists examples of cable loss per cable (not supplied by
Airspan) for maximum antenna gains, based on the formula above. Note that
the EIRP is either equal to or less than 36 dBm.
Warning: The ASWipLL radios emit microwave radiation. Therefore, a
minimum distance of 200 mm must be maintained from the front of the
ASWipLL radios, except when operating in the following frequency bands:
- 700 MHz (i.e. ASWipLL 700) = 800 mm
- 2.5 GHz (i.e. ASWipLL 2.5) = 500 mm
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Warning: To avoid RF interference between BSRs, ensure a minimum
1-meter horizontal separation between co-located BSRs.
Warning: To avoid RF interference between BSRs operating in the 700 MHz
where four BSRs are installed at a Base Station, in addition to 1-meter
horizontal separation, a minimum 1-meter vertical separation must be provided
between the two pairs of BSR antennas: one pair operating in the lower
frequencies (i.e. 711.5 and 714.5 for 1 Msps mode; 712 and 714 for 1.33 Msps
mode) and the other pair operating in the upper frequencies
(i.e. 741.5 and 744.5 for 1 Msps mode; 742 and 744 for 1.33 Msps mode).
Warning: When using external antennas, the external antennas must not be
co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter.
Warning: Inherent risks exist in operating equipment in unlicensed bands (e.g.
900 MHz). Airspan recommends that you do not purchase or deploy any
equipment that operates in unlicensed bands without first analyzing the
interference environment at each of your proposed deployment locations.
Please contact your Authorized Airspan System Integrator or Distributor if you
have any questions or require assistance regarding interference analysis.
Airspan Networks will not be held responsible for product performance issues
related to interference.
Warning: In environments that produce disturbances such as paging systems,
Airspan recommends using a narrow-band cavity filter and implementing the
appropriate frequency bands (within the filter's capabilities), i.e. building an
NVRAM frequency table using only these frequencies.
Warning: Mount outdoor radios so that their front panel ports face down to
prevent water from settling on the ports. This avoids damage to the units such
as corrosion and electrical short-circuiting.
Warning: Do not mount outdoor radios and external antennas in weather that
may increase risk of electrocution such as rain or lightning.
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2.3. Electrical Safety Guidelines
Warning:
Connect power only after all network and antenna cable
connections are performed. Powering the device before connecting, for
example, the external antenna, can lead to irreversible device damage.
Warning: To prevent short-circuiting and electrical shocks, cables with
exposed ends (i.e. not yet crimped) should be covered with protective
polythene bags during external cable installation processes.
2.3.1. Handling Electrostatic Devices
Warning: To prevent ESD damage to ASWipLL devices, always wear an ESD
wrist strap when handling these devices or coming into contact with internal
components.
Electrostatic devices are those devices that may be damaged by the inadvertent
discharge of static electricity from a charged body. The risk of damage, due to
electrostatic discharge (ESD) to a device, may cause the device to fail suddenly, or it
may induce a partial defect within the device, which will cause subsequent
premature failure. Static electricity can result from operators walking on floors,
moving around on chairs, from the movement of operator's clothing or even casual
brushing against racks, benches or walls.
Airspan recommends the following guidelines to be adopted to minimize the risk of
component failure due to electrostatic discharge to the device:
„ ASWipLL devices are provided typically in see-through anti-static bags.
Wherever possible, checking and inspection of a unit should occur without
removing it from the bag.
„ Where operators come into direct contact with any piece of electronic hardware,
operators must wear an ESD-preventive wrist strap. All straps and cords
should be tested using a Wrist Strap Tester prior to use. The wrist strap cords
shall have a 2 Meg Ohm resistor fitted at either end. Wrist straps should be worn
in direct contact with bare skin and not over clothing.
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2.3.2. Grounding
Only certain ASWipLL devices require additional grounding. ASWipLL devices
that do not require additional grounding provide grounding at the main electrical
outlet. The following table lists the ASWipLL devices' grounding requirements.
Table 2-1: ASWipLL grounding requirements
Site
Base Station
CPE
ASWipLL device
Grounding
BSR/PPR
Through the mains (via BSDU), i.e. no additional
grounding required
BSDU
Additional grounding required (grounding lug at rear
end of chassis)
BSPS (third-party)
Additional grounding required (grounding lug at rear
end of chassis)
SPR
Through the mains (via SDA), i.e. no additional
grounding required
IDR
Through the mains, i.e. no additional grounding
required
2.3.3. Lightning Protection
Warning: Never install the equipment during stormy weather or lightning.
ASWipLL devices comply with the Surge Immunity standard: EN 61000-4-5.
ASWipLL devices are protected from lightning surges as the outdoor devices (BSRs
and SPRs) are encased in a plastic covering. Therefore, if lightning strikes the
device, an electrical circuit cannot be completed, and hence, no electrical surge can
occur.
In addition, ASWipLL outdoor and indoor (i.e. SDA) devices provide high-speed
data line protection against direct and induced transient over-voltage surges on the
cables. This capability is provided by the fact that all ASWipLL devices are
designed with transient voltage suppressor (TVS) components that maintain
potential differences.
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However, in geographical areas that have above normal lightning activity, Airspan
can supply an optional DC surge protector adapter (see Part II, Chapter 18, "Power
Cabling").
2.4. Cabling
Warning: Cables with exposed ends (i.e. not yet crimped) should be covered
with protective polythene bags during external cable installation processes.
Warning: Disturbance of cables on an In-Service exchange can cause loss of
service. Extreme care must be taken when installing cables at any customer or
subscriber premises.
Warning: The standard maximum cable length between the outdoor radios and
indoor switch/hubs (IDU/ODU) is 100 meters using the standard CAT 5 cable.
However, you can extend this cable to up to 300 meters. See Appendix F,
"Extending IDU/ODU Cable Length".
2.4.1. Considerations
The following issues should be considered during cabling at the ASWipLL Base
Station and customer premises:
„ Cable routes are to be defined in a site-specific documentation.
Note: A minimum separation of 200 mm should exist between power and data
cables. However, it is permissible to allow these cables to cross each other at
right angles.
„ Observe recommended minimum bend radii when installing copper cables.
Wherever a cable changes direction, ensure that it does so in a smooth curve
with a radius of at least 50 mm to prevent damage.
„ Plastic ties and wraps are to be used to secure cables at regular intervals to trays,
guides, and mounting pole/bracket. Ensure all trimmed ends are disposed of
safely and at regular intervals.
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„ Data cables of less than 20 pairs shall be mixed in bundles not exceeding 50 mm
in diameter.
„ Ensure cables are not trapped in cabinet doors, by slide-in equipment or support
metalwork.
„ Excessive stress on cable terminations caused by taught cables should be
avoided. Connector strain relief, if not built into the connector used, shall be
provided by means of a strategically located cable tie. A maintenance loop or a
generous amount of cable slack shall be provided just before the cable reaches
the ASWipLL device to allow for equipment removal without disturbance to
adjacent cables.
„ When installing network cables, ensure they are not damaged by friction or sharp
edges.
„ Data cables providing connection to the customer's network shall be run in
protective conduits. Cable conduits should be secured to the wall in accordance
with manufacturers instructions.
„ External data cables are to be protected in metal conduits, which are to be
secured to the building structure in accordance with manufacturer's
recommendations.
„ Wiring conduits must be placed in areas to prevent a trip hazard (e.g. don't install
on roof walkways)
„ Cables should be carefully fed through conduits and not pulled by means of any
attached connector.
„ Sufficient space should be provided in cable conduits, trunking or trays (where
possible) to allow for future cabling growth.
„ Data cables threaded into holes drilled in walls are to be covered by a waterproof
sheath to prevent water penetration.
„ Silicone sealant should be used to plug any holes on both internal and external
wall surfaces once cables are in place.
„ Cables not housed in conduits must be placed in a manner to avoid a trip hazard.
(Avoid trailing wires across passageways.)
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2.4.2. Labeling
The following labels are required to be fitted to ASWipLL equipment:
„ Voltage Warning
„ High Earth Leakage Current
„ Signal Cable Designation
2.4.2.1. Voltage Warning
Warning: Voltages over 30 Volts AC and 50 Volts DC are categorized as
hazardous. Hazard warning labels should be fitted where required. Certain
countries require equipment warning and instruction labels to appear in the
local language. When installing ASWipLL equipment ensure that local
requirements regarding labels are given consideration.
„ Where mains power is fed from separate phases, appropriate warning labels must
be fitted to warn of the increased danger.
„ The AC equipment used in the BSPS cabinet must carry a relevant voltage
warning label specific to the country in which it is being installed. The label will
be fitted to the cabinet doors displaying an electrical hazard symbol, the local
operating voltage and the letters 'AC'.
„ A power feed identification label (e.g. PWR 'A') shall be applied in the following
locations:
„
On the rear of the main power rack adjacent to the terminal block
„
Attached to BSPS AC mains power plug or lead
„
Attached to the customer mains power socket or distribution rail
„
On the BSPS power circuit connection at the fuse board
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2.4.2.2. High Earth Leakage Current
If equipment earth leakage current exceeds 3.5 mA, a warning label as shown in
Figure 2-1 must be fitted to the rear of the main power rack alongside the AC inlet
terminal block.
WARNING
HIGH LEAKAGE CURRENT
Earth connection essential
Before connecting supply
Figure 2-1: Warning label if earth leakage current exceeds 3.5 mA
2.4.2.3. Signal Cable Designation
All data cables should be labeled with both the source and destination at each end. A
wrap around identification label is to be fitted to both ends of ASWipLL data cables.
Care should be taken to ensure that the cable identification information is clearly
visible. Fit the label 100 mm from the cable end. Wrap the label ensuring good
adhesion to cable and itself.
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Package Contents
Warning: Examine the ASWipLL shipping container. If you notice any
damage, or missing items as listed in the Packing List, immediately notify the
carrier that delivered the unit and contact an Airspan representative.
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Required Tools
The following tools are required for installing the ASWipLL system:
„ Crimping tools (CAT-5 cables for 15-Pin D-type, N-type connectors, and for
GPS connectors)
„ Cable stripping tool
„ Philips-head screwdriver
„ Flat-blade screwdriver
„ Torque wrench for N-type connectors
„ 10-, 13-, and 17-mm A/F open ended spanner
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Radio Site Planning
Proper site selection and planning before installing your ASWipLL devices will
ensure a successful deployment of your ASWipLL system. Site planning includes
the following main considerations:
„ Minimum obstructions (e.g. buildings) in the radio path between Base Station
radio (i.e. BSR) and subscriber radios (i.e. SPR/IDR).
„ Mount radios as high as possible to avoid obstructions in the wireless path.
„ Check possibility of future obstructions such as plans to erect buildings and trees
that may grow tall enough to obstruct the wireless path.
„ Minimum incursions on Fresnel Zone (recommended minimum of 60%
clearance of first Fresnel Zone).
„ Align antennas for maximizing received signal strength (RSS)
„ Consider nearby sources of interference that could degrade performance of radio.
Mount radios as far from sources of interference as possible.
„ Ensure Base Station radio and subscriber premise's radios are within maximum
coverage range of reception.
„ Maximum standard CAT-5 cable length connecting the outdoor radio to the
indoor terminating equipment (i.e. switch/hub) is 100 meters (this can be
extended to up to 300 m).
„ Ensure that you have sufficient wiring conduit and cable ties to channel and
protect the CAT 5 cable connecting the outdoor radio to the indoor hub/switch.
„ Ensure required power mains outlet is available at the site.
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5.1. Minimal Radio Path Obstructions
ASWipLL radios communicate by propagation of waves. Thus, ensure minimum
obstructions (from, e.g. buildings and trees) in the radio path between Base Station
radio (i.e. BSR) and subscriber radios (i.e. SPR/IDR). It is essential that the
ASWipLL radios or antennas be installed in such a way that their radio paths have a
clear path with each other.
5.2. Fresnel Zone Clearance
There must be sufficient open space around the radio path to minimize interference
with the radio beam. A minimum of 60% of the first Fresnel Zone of the path
should be clear of obstructions. Despite a clear line-of-sight, objects close enough to
the transmission path may cause attenuation in signal strength and an increase in
signal interference. Objects with reflective surfaces that seem relatively far away,
but yet still encroaching on Fresnel Zone, may cause these interferences.
Figure 5-1: At least 60% of first Fresznel Zone should be clear
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Fresnel Zones define the amount of clearance required from obstacles. These zones
are composed of concentric ellipsoid areas surrounding the straight-line path
between two antennas. Thus, the zone affects objects to the side of the path and
those directly in the path. The first Fresnel Zone is the surface containing every
point for which the distance from the transmitter to any reflection point on the
surface point and then onto the receiver is one-half wavelength longer than the direct
signal path.
One method for clearing the Fresnel Zone (to use the free space model to calculate
link budget – see Section 5.6, "Calculating Link Budget") is by increasing the
antenna height.
The first Fresnel Zone radius is calculated by the following equation:
Where f is the frequency (in MHz) and d is the distance (in meters).
For example, using the formula above, a link of 4 km at 700 MHz produces a first
Fresnel Zone radius clearance of about 20 meters. This implies that to ensure the
ground does not enter into the first Fresnel Zone, both antennas (i.e. at Base Station
and subscriber) must be mounted at least 20 meters above ground level (or clutter
level). Typically, at least 60% clearance of the first Fresnel Zone is considered as
LOS. Therefore, in the above example, a height of at least 12 meters (i.e. 60% of 20
meters) above ground level is sufficient for LOS.
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5.3. Multipath Fading
Some of the transmitted signals may be reflected from a nearby building, by water
under the signal path, or from any other reflectors. This reflected ("bounced") signal
can then be received by the radio receiving the signal and superimposed on the main
received signal, thereby degrading the signal strength.
To avoid multipath fading, for example, from nearby buildings, Airspan
recommends installing the outdoor radios at the rear end of the buildings instead of
at the front. In this installation setup, the front-end of the building blocks incoming
signals from multipath reflections.
Figure 5-2: Radios mounted at rear, blocking multipath reflection
5.4. Spectrum Analysis for Locating Clear
Frequencies
Before setting up your wireless link between Base Station and subscribers, Airspan
recommends (especially in unlicensed bands), analyzing the RF spectrum at the
Base Station to select only clear frequency channels (i.e. without interferences) for
building a frequency table for wireless communication between Base Station and
subscriber.
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Prior to performing this test, you need to mount the radio/antenna in the desired
installation spot. In general, you will be looking for frequencies with signal strengths
of –85 dBm or greater.
For using Airspan's spectrum analyzer tool, refer to the WipConfig User's Guide. For
evaluating link quality using the Spectrum Analyzer, see Appendix G, "Evaluating
Link Quality".
5.5. Adjacent Base Station Radios
For installations involving co-location of BSRs, it is important to assign frequencies
of maximum spacing. This is to reduce possible radio interference between
adjacently installed BSRs. In addition, a 1-meter separation must exist between
adjacent BSRs.
5.6. Calculating Link Budget
Link budget is the computation of the maximal achievable reception level for the
communication link between the Base Station and the subscriber site. This level is
the minimum required received signal level (RSS) at the antenna port for the radio to
close the communication link at a given data rate and under the worst-case fading
channel. The weakest signal a receiver can successfully pick up and demodulate at
an acceptable bit-error rate is called receiver sensitivity. This level must be greater
or equal to the radio's receiver sensitivity, which is the minimum RF signal power
level required at the input of a receiver for certain performance (e.g. > BER).
This takes into account the following parameters:
„ Transmit (dBm) EIRP:
Tx transmitter power (dBm) - cable loss (dB) + Tx antenna gain (dBi)
„ Propagation (dB):
Fade Margin + Free space loss (dB) = [fade margin] + 32.44 + 20logd(km) +
20logf(MHz), where f is the frequency in MHz, and d is the distance between
transmitting and receiving radios in km.
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Note: Free space propagation loss is valid only when the first Fresnel Zone is
clear.
„ Receive (dBm): Rx antenna gain (dBi) - cable loss (dB)
The formula to calculate receive signal strength:
RSS = Tx EIRP – Path Loss + Receive (i.e. Tx gain – Tx cable loss)
The RSS value must be greater than radio's receiver sensitivity for communication
link to succeed.
Example:
„ Given: frequency is 2.4 GHz; Tx power output is 27 dBm; Tx and Rx cable loss
is 0 dB; Tx antenna gain is 11 dBi; Rx antenna gain is 15 dBi; distance between
sites is 6 km; receiver sensitivity at 8-level FSK is -75 dBm.
„ Calculation: RSS = Tx + Tx gain – cable loss – path loss (fade margin + 32.44
+ 20logf + 20logf) + Rx gain – cable loss
Therefore, RSS = 27 + 11 – 116 + 15 = -63 dBi
„ Conclusion: calculated link budget received signal strength (-63) is above the
device's receive sensitivity threshold (-75); thus a communication link should
succeed.
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Notes:
1) ASWipLL radios can operate in 2-, 4-, and 8-level FSK with signal strengths
(i.e. receiver sensitivity) greater than -90, -83, and -75 dBm, respectively.
2) As the number of CPEs operating in low modulations (i.e. 2 and 4 FSK)
increases, a decrease in cell bandwidth efficiency is expected. Therefore, to
enable the highest bandwidth efficiency, it's recommended to ensure (e.g. by
RF planning) that all CPEs operate in the highest modulation (i.e. 8 FSK).
3) These link budget rules are theoretical. It represents the maximum
achievable for a system. In reality we have interferences (other WLAN
networks, bluetooth), industrial noise (microwave ovens), atmospheric losses
(air moisture, scattering, refraction), badly pointed antenna, reflexions that will
affect performances. Thus, It is necessary to take a sufficient security margin
on large distances.
4) Normally, a higher margin is desirable due to fluctuation in received power
as a result of signal fading.
5) The maximum transmit power output of ASWipLL radios (regardless of
regulatory domain), depends on the operating frequency:
- 31 dBm: 700 MHz; 1.9 GHz (for BSR)
- 30 dBm: 900 MHz, 925 MHz, 1.5 GHz, 1.9 GHz (for SPR)
- 27 dBm: 2.3, 2.4, 2.5 (MMDS), 2.8, 3.x, and 5.8 GHz
For maximum transmit power according to FCC standards, see Appendix I,
"Declaration of FCC Conformity".
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To Calculate Minimum Received Signal Strength
Transmit
Propagation
Transmit output power
dBm
Cable loss (negative value)
dB
Antenna gain
dBi
Free space loss (negative value)
dB
Distance
32.44 + 20log
Frequency
(km) + 20log
Fade margin:
Receive
(MHz)
dB
Antenna gain
dBi
Cable loss (negative value)
dB
Received Signal Strength
dBm
To Calculate Maximum Operating Range (Km)
Enter one of the following RSS values according to FSK levels:
8-level FSK = -75 dBm
4-level FSK = -83 dBm
2-level FSK = -90 dBm
dBi
Transmit output power
dBm
Cable loss (negative value)
dB
Antenna gain
dBi
Frequency
Operating Frequency in MHz
MHz
Propagation
Fade Margin
dB
Receive
Antenna gain
dBi
Cable loss (negative value)
dB
Received
Signal
Strength
Transmit
Operating range
km
Note: The maximum operating range depends on the antenna configuration and FSK level.
The range can be increased to a maximum of 38 km by implementing a third-party external
antenna.
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5.7. Radio Antenna Alignment
Once the subscriber unit (i.e. SPR/IDR) is installed and aimed in the general
direction of the BSR, it is recommended to measure the received signal strength
(RSS) to determine the signal strength received from the BSR, and to precisely align
the SPR/IDR for maximum signal strength.
You need to orientate (up/down, left/right) the SPR/IDR until the maximum RSSI
levels are achieved, and then secure the SPR/IDR. For short links you can expect an
RSSI of –60 dBm or better. For longer links, an RSSI of –75 dBm is acceptable.
Any RSSI of less than –80 dBm may be too weak for the radios to reliably
communicate.
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Airspan offers various tools for measuring RSS (check with your Airspan
representative regarding cost and supply):
„ SPR:
„
RSS LED adapter (see Part II, Chapter 17, "Antenna Alignment using RSS
LED Adapter")
„
WipConfig program (see Appendix G, "Evaluating Link Quality")
„ IDR: built-in RSSI LEDs (see Part III, Chapter 24, " Antenna Alignment Using
RSS LEDs")
5.8. Antenna Polarization Usage
The ASWipLL radios provide integral antennas or optional third-party external
antennas. Depending on radio model, these antennas provide horizontal wave
polarization (H-pol), vertical wave polarization (V-pol), or both. The usage of these
polarization options depend on the environment in which the radio is operating.
Horizontal polarized waves reflect better from horizontal surfaces (e.g. ground),
while V-pol waves reflect better from vertical surfaces (e.g. building walls).
This explains why broadcast television uses H-pol waves while cellular technologies
use V-pol waves. Therefore, it is expected that in rural areas H-pol will propagate
better than V-pol, and vice versa in urban areas.
Furthermore, in an area saturated with interference generated from V-pol
transmitters, the use of H-pol antenna may substantially improve the C/I (Carrier to
Interference) ratio, thus improving system performance
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5.9. Considerations when Using External
Antennas
Notes:
1) To avoid unnecessary RF cable loss, use short-length cables and with low
attenuation.
2) Antennas should have a VSWR of less than 1:1.5.
3) Ensure BSR and SPR/IDR use the same antenna polarity (i.e. vertical or
horizontal).
4) When using an omni-directional antenna, choose a type providing a wide
vertical beam width (of at least 8°) to allow connection of closer CPEs.
5) Antenna must be DC grounded.
5.9.1. Cable Loss
Airspan's ASWipLL radios provide transmit power compensation for power
attenuation caused by cable loss (in cable connecting to external antenna). Cable loss
is the loss of radio transmit (Tx) power as heat, and directly proportional to cable
length and quality, and operating frequency.
To adhere to Effective Isotropic Radiated Power (EIRP) limitations in the regulatory
domain (country) in which you are operating your ASWipLL system, when
purchasing antenna cables, take into consideration cable loss per cable length. EIRP
is calculated using cable loss:
EIRP = max. transmitter power output + antenna gain - cable loss
For example, FCC regulations state that when operating in unlicensed bands, the
external antennas must provide an EIRP of less than or equal to 36 dBm to prevent
interference with other radios. Thus, knowing this EIRP parameter, you can choose
the cable that ensures adherence to this parameter value.
The table below lists examples of cable loss per cable length.
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Table 5-1: Examples of cable loss per cable length
Note: Airspan does not supply external antenna cables. It is the responsibility
of the installer to provide the cable and ensure the cable characteristics (e.g.
length and cable loss) enables adherence to EIRP regulations (e.g. FCC) of the
country or area in which the ASWipLL system is operating.
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5.9.2. Omni-Directional Antennas
In some scenarios, where capacity demand is relatively low, external omnidirectional antenna use at the Base Station may seem attractive. However, it is
recommended to avoid using omni-directional antennas (if possible), due to the
following disadvantages that these antennas pose compared to directional antennas:
„ Higher sensitivity to external interferences.
„ Higher sensitivity to multipath, resulting in the following:
„
The root mean square (RMS) delay spread at the Base Station is substantially
higher.
„
Multipath interference at the CPE side (when using omni-directional antenna
at the Base Station) is substantially higher. In fact, when using an omnidirectional antenna, the existence of clear Fresnel zone between BSR and
SPR/IDR is insufficient to eliminate multipath interference, since multipath,
in this case, can be caused by reflections originating from obstacles outside
the Fresnel zone.
„ Higher sensitivity to alignment. Since the omni-directional antenna gain is
achieved by narrowing the vertical beam width, a relatively low deviation in the
antenna alignment will result in severe signal attenuation.
5.9.3. Operating in 900 MHz
The performance of ASWipLL 900 operating in the 900 MHz band may vary
dramatically depending on the polarization of antennas, i.e. vertical or horizontal.
Therefore, it is recommended that the operator, during installation, compare the
performance between horizontal and vertical polarization of external antennas, and
implement the polarization providing the best performance. Some third-party
antennas that can be optionally supplied by Airspan for the 900 MHz band support
both horizontal and vertical polarization.
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5.9.4. Operating in Band-C for FCC Markets
Some operators (e.g. in the USA) have licenses for Band-C (710 to 716 MHz and
740 to 746 MHz). ASWipLL 700 provides an external antenna, allowing coverage in
the entire 700 MHz band (698 to 746 MHz), including the licensed A and B bands
used in USA.
A maximum of four BSRs operating in Band-C are allowed at a Base Station (in
accordance with FCC regulations). This regulation ensures minimum RF
interference with other radio devices that may be operating in nearby frequencies.
In the 1 Megasymbols per second (Msps) mode, the center frequencies are 711.5,
712.5, 713.5, 714.5, 741.5, 742.5, 743.5, and 744.5. Thus, the frequency allocation
for four BSRs is 711.5, 741.5, 714.5, and 744.5.
In the 1.33 Msps mode, the center frequencies are 712, 713, 714, 742, 743, and 744.
Thus, the frequency allocation for four BSRs is 712, 742, 714, and 744.
Figure 5-3: Frequency allocation in a four-sector Base Station
Radio interference may occur between the BSRs operating in the upper frequency
range (i.e. 742 MHz and 744 MHz) and the lower frequency range (i.e. 712 MHz
and 714 MHz). To overcome this interference, a 1-meter vertical separation (in
addition to the general 1-meter horizontal separation) is recommended between the
BSRs operating in the upper frequency and the BSRs operating in the lower
frequency.
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5.9.5. Dual Antenna Receive Diversity
For specific BSR models (refer to the ASWipLL System Description book), two
antennas (integrated or external) are provided for antenna receive diversity at the
ASWipLL Base Station. This allows the BSR to select the antenna providing the
best RF reception to receive the signal.
For BSR models without integrated antennas, dual diversity is provided by the
existence of two N-type connectors for attaching two external antennas.
Notes:
1) The BSR with two antennas transmits using only one of the antennas
(factory selected).
2) Antennas must be orientated to cover the same area/cell (i.e. subscriber
sites), from only a slightly different location.
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Part I
Base Station Installation
Part I describes the procedures for installing the ASWipLL devices located at the
Base Station, and includes the following chapters:
„ Chapter 6, “Basic Design of Devices”
„ Chapter 7, “Mounting the Devices”
„ Chapter 8, “Network Cabling”
„ Chapter 9, “Serial Cabling”
„ Chapter 10, “Connecting Third-Party External Antennas”
„ Chapter 11, “Power Cabling”
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6
Basic Design of Devices
This chapter describes the basic design of the ASWipLL devices that can be
installed at a Base Station:
„ BSR
„ BSDU
„ GPS
„ BSPS
6.1. BSR
The BSR is an encased outdoor radio providing access to the BSR's communication
ports on its front panel. The BSR's bottom panel provides holes for mounting.
6.1.1. Models
The BSR is available in the following basic physical designs:
„ BSR with a built-in (integral), internal antenna
„ BSR with an N-type port for connecting an optional third-party external antenna
„ BSR with two N-type ports for connecting two optional third-party external
antennas for dual antenna diversity
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Notes:
1) BSR device with an N-type port(s) for attaching a third-party external
antenna(s) do not provide a built-in antenna.
2) The BSR installation procedures described in this guide apply to all BSR
models, except the procedures for attaching third-party external antennas
(which apply only to BSR models providing N-type ports).
6.1.2. Physical Dimensions
The BSR's physical dimensions are described in the table below.
Table 6-1: BSR physical dimensions
Parameter
Value
Height
400 mm (15.74 inches)
Width
317 mm (12.48 inches)
Depth
65.5 mm (2.58 inches)
Weight
4.7 kg
Comment
The BSR's physical dimensions
exclude the mounting kit
6.1.3. Ports
The BSR provides ports on its front panel, as displayed below:
9-pin D-type port
15-pin D-type port
Figure 6-1: BSR front panel (built-in antenna model)
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Note: BSR models that use third-party external antennas provide an N-type
female receptacle for attaching an external antenna. In addition, specific BSR
models (refer to the ASWipLL System Description book) provide two N-type
receptacles for dual antenna receive diversity.
The table below describes the BSR ports.
Table 6-2: BSR ports
Port
15-pin D-type
Interface
• Ethernet (10BaseT): with the BSDU (or SDA)
• Synchronization (controlled by BSDU)
• -48 VDC power: supplied by BSDU (or SDA)
9-pin D-type
Serial (RS-232): for local initial configuration (using WipConfig tool)
N-type
(Depends on model). For attaching third-party external antennas. Specific BSR
models (refer to the ASWipLL System Description book) provide two N-type
receptacles for dual antenna receive diversity. BSR models with built-in
antennas do not provide N-type ports.
6.2. BSDU
The BSDU is an Ethernet switch encased in a chassis providing access to the
BSDU's communication ports on the front and rear panels. The BSDU is installed in
a standard 19-inch rack.
6.2.1. Physical Dimensions
The BSDU's physical dimensions are described in the table below.
Table 6-3: BSDU physical dimensions
Parameter
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Value
Height
43.2 mm (1.7 inches)
Width
482.6 mm (19 inches)
Depth
228.6 mm (9 inches)
Weight
2.9 kg
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6.2.2. Ports
The BSDU provides ports on the front and rear panels, as displayed below.
Power receptacle
BSPS power
management port
Status LEDs
100Base-T LEDs
BSR's LEDs
100BaseT ports
10BaseT ports
Synchronization ports
Serial port
Figure 6-2: BSDU front panel
15-pin D-type ports for BSRs
15-pin D-type for GPS
Grounding lug
Figure 6-3: BSDU rear panel
The table below describes the BSDU's ports on the front and rear panels.
Table 6-4: Description of BSDU ports
Panel
Front
6-4
Label
Port
Interface
100Base-T
RJ-45 (two)
100BaseT interface with provider's backbone
(WAN), and for BSDU and BSRs management
interface (if 10Base-T ports are looped)
SYNC
RJ-45 (two)
Synchronization between BSDUs
Monitor
9-pin D-type female
BSDU serial interface
10Base-T
RJ-45 (two)
BSDU management (port #2) and management
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Panel
Label
Basic Design of Devices
Port
Interface
to BSRs connected to BSDU (port #1)
Rear
Management
9-pin D-type male
Base Station Power System (BSPS) remote
management interface using WipManage
48 VDC
Power receptacle
Connecting DC power supply from, e.g. BSPS
GPS
15-pin D-type
Global Positioning System (GPS)-based
synchronization
BSR
15-pin D-type (six)
DC power, Ethernet, and synchronization
interfaces with BSRs
Note: A 5-mm diameter-grounding lug is present on the rear panel for grounding the
BSDU.
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6.2.3. LED Indicators
The BSDU provides various LED indicators located on the BSDU's front panel (see
Figure 6-2). These LEDs are grouped under the following labels:
„ BSR's
„ 100Base-T
„ Status
6.2.3.1. BSR's LEDs
The BSR's LED indicators provide three LEDs for each of the six BSR ports. These
LEDs are described in Table 6-5.
Table 6-5: BSR's LED description
LED
Act
Link
PWR
Color
Yellow
Yellow
Yellow
Status
Meaning
On
Ethernet activity is detected on the BSR port
Off
No Ethernet activity detected on the BSR port
On
Physical link exists between the BSDU and BSR
Off
No physical link exists between the BSDU and BSR
On
Power is supplied to the BSDU's BSR port
Off
No power is available, or the BSDU's BSR port is disabled by
software, or port failure has occurred
6.2.3.2. 100Base-T LEDs
The 100Base-T LED indicators provide three LEDs for each of the two 100Base-T
ports. These LEDs are described in Table 6-6.
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Table 6-6: 100Base-T LED Description
LED
Color
Rx
Yellow
Link
Yellow
10/100
Yellow
Status
Meaning
On
Data is received through the 100Base-T port
Off
No data is received through the 100Base-T port
On
Viable physical link between the 100Base-T port and the
external device to which this port connects
Off
No physical link between the 100Base-T port and the external
device to which this port connects
On
Power is supplied to the 100Base-T port
Off
No power at the 100Base-T port
6.2.3.3. Status LEDs
The Status LEDs indicate various synchronization and GPS functioning, as
described in the table below.
Table 6-7: Status LED Description
LED
Color
Status
Meaning
HSP (Hop
Synchronization
Process)
Green
On
BSDU synchronization process is
active
State (two LEDs)
Green
Only right LED is on
Synchronization process is starting
Both LEDs are on
BSDU is the master unit
Only left LED is on
BSDU is a slave unit
Both LEDs are off
BSDU synchronization pulse lost
(i.e. no synchronization)
On
GPS antenna is connected to the
BSDU
Blinking
Receiving a satellite signal via GPS
On
Change state for the HSP pulse
GPS
HSP P (Hop
Synchronization
Process Pulse)
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6.3. GPS
The third-party GPS antenna is a rugged, self-contained GPS receiver and antenna.
The GPS connects to the BSDU, providing satellite clock signals for synchronizing
between multiple BSDUs and between multiple Base Stations that implement
frequency hopping for wireless communication.
6.3.1. Physical Dimensions
The GPS physical dimensions are described in the following table.
Table 6-8: GPS physical dimensions
Parameter
Description
Diameter
4.5" (115 mm)
Height
3.6" (90 mm)
Weight
0.454 kg (2 lb)
6.3.2. Ports
The GPS provides a 12-pin male contacts for connecting a cable between it and the
BSDU.
Figure 6-4: GPS antenna – side view
6.4. BSPS
For a detailed description of the BSPS, see Appendix B, "Installing the BSPS".
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Mounting the Devices
This chapter describes the mounting procedures for the following devices:
„ BSR
„ BSDU
„ BSPS
7.1. Pole Mounting BSR
The BSR is typically mounted outside on a pole, but it can also be mounted outside
on a wall. Pole mounting allows the BSR to be easily adjusted in the horizontal
(azimuth) and vertical (elevation) planes for antenna alignment.
Warning: The BSR device is an outdoor radio unit, and therefore, must only be
mounted outside.
Note: In the standard BSR kit, Airspan does not supply wall-mounting
brackets. To order wall-mounting brackets, contact your Airspan
representative. BSR wall mounting is identical to SPR wall mounting (see Part
II, Chapter 13, "Mounting the Devices").
The BSR is mounted using the mounting holes located on the BSR's bottom panel
(see Figure 7-1) and the supplied pole-mounting brackets. The pole-mounting
bracket is designed to support the BSR on a round pole of 45 mm in diameter.
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Mounting holes
Figure 7-1: Mounting holes on BSR bottom panel
To prevent radio interference, each BSR requires a minimum of 1-metre horizontal
separation between adjacent BSRs (see Figure 7-2).
1 Metre min.
Figure 7-2: Minimum separation between mounted BSRs
Warning: To avoid RF interference between BSRs operating in the 700 MHz
where four BSRs are installed at a Base Station (and in addition to 1-meter
horizontal separation), a minimum 1-meter vertical separation must be
provided between the two pairs of BSR antennas: one pair operating in the
lower frequencies (i.e. 711.5 and 714.5 for 1 Msps mode; 712 and 714 for 1.33
Msps mode) and the other pair operating in the upper frequencies
(i.e. 741.5 and 744.5 for 1 Msps mode; 742 and 744 for 1.33 Msps mode).
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Mounting the Devices
A summary of the BSR pole-mounting procedure is displayed below.
Locking Holes
BSR mounting
Bracket
Clamping Bracket
Pivot Hole
‘U’ Bolt
Figure 7-3: Attaching BSR pole-mounting brackets
To pole mount the BSR:
1. Attach the mounting bracket to the BSR:
a. Align the mounting bracket with the BSR's mounting holes so that the
mounting bracket's side with the built-in nut is aligned with the BSR's
mounting holes furthest from the BSR's front panel, as shown in the
figure below.
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b. Slide an M10-flat washer and M10-spring lock washer onto an M10-hex
head screw (ensure spring lock washer is closest to the bolt's head). From
the external side, insert the M10-hex head screw through the mounting
bracket and BSR's mounting holes. Fasten the M10-hex head screw (one
is provided with a built-in nut while the other requires you to insert an
M10-hex nut into the BSR's mounting hole).
Mounting bracket
with built-in nut
BSR's mounting
hole with built-in
nut holder
Mounting
bracket
Figure 7-4: Mounting bracket connected to BSR
2. Attach the clamping bracket to the mounting bracket:
a. Slide an M6-spring lock washer onto an M6-hex head screw. Align the
mounting bracket's and clamping bracket's pivot holes, such that the
clamping bracket is aligned to the inside of the mounting bracket. From
the external side of the mounting bracket, insert the M6-hex head screw
into the pivot holes and then fasten, but not tightly. (The clamping
bracket provides a built-in nut.)
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Mounting the Devices
b. Choose an elevation hole on the mounting bracket and then align it with
the corresponding hole on the clamping bracket. Slide an M6-spring lock
washer onto an M6-hex head screw, and then from the external side of
the mounting bracket, insert the M6-hex head screw through the
elevation hole on the mounting bracket and into the clamping bracket's
corresponding hole. Fasten but not tightly the M6-hex head screw (the
clamping bracket provides built-in nut). The elevation hole can later be
changed according to desired antenna orientation in the elevation plane.
Selected
elevation hole
Pivot hole
Clamping
bracket
Figure 7-5: Clamping bracket attached to mounting bracket
3. Attach the U-bolt to the pole:
a. Place one U-bolt around the pole, and then insert the U-bolt screw side
through the two corresponding holes (horizontally parallel) on the
clamping bracket. Slide an M8-flat washer and M8-spring lock washer
onto each U-bolt screw side (ensure that the flat washer is adjacent to the
clamping bracket). Fasten each U-bolt side with the two M8-hex nuts.
b. Attach the second U-bolt as described above.
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Pole
Fastened by
screws and
washers
U-bolt
U-bolt
Figure 7-6: Attaching BSR to pole using U-bolts
4. Perform final BSR orientation:
a. Adjust the vertical position of the BSR by choosing a final elevation
hole as described in Step 2. Lock the BSR at the desired position by
inserting the locking bolt in the desired position and fastening it tightly.
Fasten tightly the bolt in the pivot hole. See Figure 7-8 for a description
of the angles (in degrees) of each elevation hole.
b. Adjust the horizontal position of the BSR by rotating the BSR about the
pole, and then tightening the nuts of the U-bolts.
BSR positioning is obtained in two planes by adjustment of the mounting
bracket assembly a shown in Figure 7-7.
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Figure 7-7: BSR orientation in vertical (top figure) and horizontal plane (lower figure)
Note: A thread-locking compound is to be used to prevent the bolts working
loose.
The figure below displays the possible angles of elevation. As shown, the BSR polemounting bracket allows elevation between -18.5° and 26.3°.
Figure 7-8: Orientating BSR in the elevation plane (side view of BSR)
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Note: It is important to provide strain relief and drip loop for Cat-5 cables. Create
a drip loop and strain relief using cable tie, to tie cable to pole, as displayed in the
figure below.
Drip loop and
strain relief
Cable tie
Figure 7-9: Pole-mounted BSR with cable drip loop and strain relief
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7.2. Rack Mounting BSDU
The BSDU is designed for mounting in a standard 19-inch (48.3 cm) equipment rack
or telco rack with 1-rack unit (1-U) of vertical rack space. The sides of the BSDU
chassis provide integrated front-rail mounting brackets. Therefore, all that is
required for mounting the BSDU is to attach the BSDU front-rail mounting brackets
to the rack's mounting rails using the supplied four M5-mounting screws and plastic
cup washers.
To rack-mount the BSDU:
1. Determine the rack rail holes (left and right side) that will be used for
attaching the chassis.
2. Insert four nuts into the rack's rail holes you designated in Step 1. These nuts
are housed in Tinnerman clips, which allow you to fasten them into the rail
holes. To insert the Tinnerman clips, hold the clips, squeeze them, and then
insert them into the rail hole.
3. Carefully insert the BSDU into the rack, aligning the BSDU's mounting
bracket holes with the rack rail holes.
4. Insert the M5-mounting screws, with plastic washers, into the BSDU
mounting bracket holes, on each side, as shown in Figure 7-10. In this way,
the chassis is supported until you tighten the chassis screws.
5. Tighten the M5-mounting screws to fasten the chassis to the cabinet.
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Figure 7-10: BSDU rack mounting
Note: When mounting multiple BSDUs in a cabinet, vertical spacing (above
and below) is required for feeding cables to the rear.
1U-chassis
Space for cable management
Figure 7-11: BSDU and vertical space for cables
7.3. Mounting BSPS (Optional)
The BSPS is supplied pre-mounted in a standard 19" x 11U rack, providing available
space for additional equipment (i.e. BSDUs, which require 1U each). Thus, no
mounting procedures are required.
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10
Connecting ThirdThird - Party
External Antennas
This chapter describes the procedures for connecting third-party external radio and
Global Positioning System (GPS) antennas to the BSR and BSDU, respectively. The
implementation of these antennas depends on the BSR model (with respect to radio
antennas) and the need for synchronization of the ASWipLL system (with respect to
GPS antennas).
10.1. Connecting Radio Antennas to BSR
The BSR model without an integrated antenna provides an N-type port(s) for
connecting a third-party external antenna(s). Specific BSR models (refer to the
ASWipLL System Description) provide two N-type connectors for connecting two
third-party external antennas. Two antennas provide dual-antenna diversity, whereby
data is transmitted using only the main antenna, while data is received by the
antenna (main or secondary) with the best radio frequency (RF) reception.
Notes:
1) BSR models that provide N-type connectors for attaching a third-party
external antenna do not contain an internal, built-in antenna.
2) Refer to the ASWipLL System Description for a list of BSR models
implementing third-party external antennas.
The following lists the BSR-to-third party external antenna cable setup:
„ Cable (third party): RF coaxial
„ Connector (third party): N-type male
The usage of N-type ports for BSR models with two N-type ports:
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„
If you are using only one antenna, connect the antenna to the N-type port
labeled Primary.
„
If you are using two antennas, connect the secondary antenna to the N-type
port labeled Secondary.
Warnings:
1) Before connecting the external antenna, ensure that the BSR is not
connected to the power source.
2) Before powering on the BSR, ensure that some type of equipment such as
an antenna or an RF attenuator is connected to the N-type port. This eliminates
the risk of damaging the BSR device.
Warning: It is the responsibility of the person installing the ASWipLL system to
ensure that when using the outdoor antenna kits in the United States (or where
FCC rules apply), that only those antennas certified with the product are used.
The use of any antenna other than those certified with the product is expressly
forbidden in accordance with FCC rules CFR47 part 15.204. The installer
should configure the output power level of antennas according to country
regulations and per antenna type.
Warning: For ASWipLL 700 (i.e. 700 MHz band), where four BSRs are
installed at a Base Station, a 1-meter separation must be provided between the
antennas of the BSRs operating in the lower frequencies (i.e. 711.5 and 714.5
for 1 Msps mode; and 712 and 714 for 1.33 Msps mode) and the antennas of
the BSRs operating in the upper frequencies (i.e. 741.5 and 744.5 for 1 Msps
mode; and 742 and 744 for 1.33 Msps mode).
Warning: In accordance with FCC regulations, ensure that when operating in
unlicensed bands, the external antennas provide a maximum EIRP of 36 dBm
to prevent interference with other radios operating in the unlicensed band. The
EIRP is defined as:
Max. Power Output + Antenna Gain + Cable Loss ≤ 36 dBm (EIRP)
Note: It is recommended that the same antenna polarization (i.e.
horizontal/vertical) exists at both ends of the link (i.e. Base Station and
subscriber site).
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Connecting Third-Party External Antennas
To connect the BSR to a third-party external antenna:
„ Connect the third-party N-type male connector, at the end of the RF cable, to the
N-type port located on the BSR's front panel, as displayed in Figure 10-1.
Figure 10-1: Attaching third-party external antenna
Notes:
1) For crimping RF coaxial cables to N-type connectors, see Appendix C,
"Cable Crimping".
2) Ensure that the third-party antenna cable is of sufficient quality to reduce or
eliminate loss when operating in the required frequency band. (Airspan does
not supply cables for external antennas.).
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10.2. Connecting GPS Antenna to BSDU
The following subsections describe connecting the GPS to a BSDU.
Note: A GPS is required for synchronizing between multiple Base Stations that
implement frequency hopping for wireless communication.
10.2.1. Mounting the GPS
Depending on individual customer requirements and environmental influences there
are several available options for mounting the GPS:
„ Pole Mounting:
The GPS may be mounted to a pole similar to that used to mount the BSR (See
Chapter 7, "Mounting the Devices").
„ Mounting Plate:
The GPS may be mounted to a wall or roof top structure using a purpose-made
mounting plate supplied with the unit.
„ Direct Mounting:
The unit may be mounted directly to a suitable structure that has been provided
with holes suited to the GPS mounting details.
„ Magnetic Mounting:
An optional magnetic mounting device is available to allow GPS mounting to a
suitable surface, e.g. vehicle roof or steel building structure. This device is
attached by means of the threaded holes provided in the base of the GPS.
Note: When mounting the GPS on a metal pole that is in physical contact with
the ground, the GPS will not synchronize. To enable synchronization, you need
to isolate the GPS from the pole using isolation material.
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Connecting Third-Party External Antennas
10.2.2. Connecting the GPS
The GPS antenna connects to the BSDU's 15-pin D-type port, labeled GPS, located
on the BSDU's rear panel, as shown below.
15-pin D-type port for GPS
Figure 10-2: BSDU rear panel showing GPS port
Warning: To avoid electrical or fire hazard, ensure that the connection to the
GPS is made prior to connecting the BSDU to the power supply.
Note: Airspan supplies unterminated cables for connecting the GPS to the
BSDU. For an explanation on cable crimping, see Appendix C, "Cable
Crimping".
The GPS-to-BSDU cable setup is as follows:
„ Cable: multipair overall shielded (22 AWG)
„ Connectors:
„
GPS side: 12-pin female (Deutsch MMP26C-2212S1)
„
BSDU side: 15-pin D-type male
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„ Connector pinouts: The GPS connector receptacle contains 12 male contacts, as
displayed in Figure 10-3.
Figure 10-3: GPS connector pinouts
The connector pinouts for the GPS-to-BSDU cabling are described in the table
below.
Table 10-1: Connector pinouts for BSDU-to-GPS cabling
Multipair overall shielded (22 AWG) cable
Pin
10-6
GPS
BSDU
12-pin female
15-pin D-type male
Pin name
Cable color
Pin
Lead
POWER
Red
RX_DATA_1-
Blue
TD+ (after R5)
RX_DATA_1+
Black
TD-
TX_DATA_1-
Yellow
RD-
TX_DATA_1+
Black
RD+ (after R3)
RX_DATA_2-
Brown
RX_DATA_2+
Black
GND
Black
10
11
1PPS+
Green
1PPS-
12
1PPS-
Black
1PPS+ (After R7)
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Connecting Third-Party External Antennas
To connect the GPS antenna to the BSDU (see Figure 10-4):
1. Connect the 12-pin female connector, at one end of the cable, to the 12-pin
receptacle located on the underside of the GPS.
2. Connect the 15-pin D-type male connector, at the other end of the cable, to
the 15-pin D-type port labeled GPS located on the rear panel of the BSDU.
Figure 10-4: GPS-to-BSDU cable connections
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Notes:
1) When installing the cable, secure the cable to the mounting pole or bracket
with a cable tie to hold the weight of the cable (i.e. cable strain relief).
2) A loop should be left in the dressed cable for maintenance purposes and to
prevent the cable weight being taken directly on the connector itself.
3) Ensure that the connector is waterproof.
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12
Basic Design of Devi
Devices
ces
This chapter describes the basic design of the ASWipLL devices installed at a
subscriber site when an SPR is implemented:
„ SPR
„ SDA
„ RSS LED Adapter
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12.1. SPR
The SPR is an encased outdoor radio providing access to the SPR's communication
ports on its front panel. The SPR's bottom panel provides holes for mounting.
12.1.1. Models
The SPR is available in the following basic physical designs:
„ SPR with built-in antenna:
„ SPR with an N-type port for attaching a third-party external antenna.
Notes:
1) SPR devices with N-type ports for attaching third-party external antennas do
not provide built-in antennas.
2) The SPR installation procedures described in this guide apply to all SPR
models, except the procedures for attaching third-party external antennas
(which apply only to SPR models providing an N-type port).
12.1.2. Physical Dimensions
The SPR's physical dimensions are described in the following table.
Table 12-1: SPR physical dimensions
SPR model
Parameter
Standard-Gain /
External Antenna
Height
311 mm (12.24 inches)
400 mm (15.74 inches)
Width
224 mm (8.82 inches)
317 mm (12.48 inches)
Depth
65.5 mm (2.58 inches)
65.5 mm (2.58 inches)
Weight
2.5 kg
4.7 kg
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Comment
The SPR's physical
dimensions exclude the
mounting kit.
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12.1.3. Ports
The SPR provides a communication port (15-pin D-type) on the front panel (see
figure below).
15-pin D-type port
Figure 12-1: SPR (with built-in antennal)
Notes:
1) SPR models without built-in antennas provide an N-type port for connecting
a third-party external antenna.
2) Previous SPR models provide a 9-pin D-type port for serial interface.
12.2. SDA
The SDA is an encased device that interfaces with the SPR.
12.2.1. Physical Dimensions
The SDA's physical dimensions are described in the table below.
Table 12-2: SDA physical dimensions
SDA
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D)
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SDA-4S, SDA-4H,
SDA-1, SDA-1/DC
200 mm (7.87 inches) x
150 mm (5.9 inches) x 40
mm (1.57 inches)
0.53 kg
SDA-1 Type II
72 x 42.5 x 26 mm (2.83 x
1.67 x 1.02 inches)
0.159 kg
12.2.2. Ports
The SDA provides access to communication ports on the front panel. The type and
number of subscriber network ports depend on the SDA model, as described in the
following table.
Table 12-3: Subscriber network ports per SDA model
SDA model
RJ-45 ports
Speed
SDA-4S models
(SDA-4S; SDA-4S/DC;
SDA-4S/VL; SDA-4S/Vltag;
SDA-4S/1H3L;
SDA-4S/VL/1H3L)
10/100BaseT (support Autonegotiation,
and MDI/MDI-X automatic crossover,
allowing connection of straight-through
or crossover cables
SDA-4H
10BaseT
SDA-1
10BaseT
SDA-1/DC
10BaseT
SDA-1 Type II
10/100BaseT
12.2.2.1. SDA-4S
The SDA-4S model and ports are shown in the figure below:
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Power port
15-pin
D-type
10/100BaseT ports
Figure 12-2: Ports of SDA-4S models
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12.2.2.2. SDA-4H
The SDA-4H model and ports are shown in the figure below:
Power port
15-pin
D-type
RJ-45 (J5) crossover
RJ-45 (J4)
RJ-45 (J3)
RJ-45 (J2)
Figure 12-3: Ports of SDA-4H models
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12.2.2.3. SDA-1
The SDA-1 model and ports are shown in the figure below:
Power port
RJ-45 (10BaseT) port
15-pin D-type port
Figure 12-4: Ports of SDA-1 model
12.2.2.4. SDA-1/DC
The SDA-1/DC model and ports are shown in the figure below:
15-pin D-type
port
DC Anderson
Powerpole
receptacles
RJ-45 port
Figure 12-5: SDA-1/DC model
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12.2.2.5. SDA-1 Type II
The SDA-1 Type II model and ports are shown in the figure below:
Figure 12-6: Ports and LED of SDA-1 Type II model
12.2.3. LED Indicators
The SDA models provide various LED indicators. These LEDs are located on the
top panel of the SDA module.
12.2.3.1. SDA-4S
The figure below displays the location of the SDA-4S LED indicators.
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Ethernet LEDs
Uplink (SPR to BSR) LED
Power LED
Figure 12-7: SDA-4S LED indicators
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The table below describes the SDA-4S LED indicators.
Table 12-4: Description of the SDA-4S model's LED indicators
LED
2, 3, 4, and 5
Color
Orange
Green
Orange
POWER
12-10
Green
Status
Meaning
On
Physical link (10BaseT) between SDA-4S and SPR
Blinking
Traffic flow between SDA-4S and SPR
Off
No link between SDA-4S and SPR
On
100BaseT physical link between SDA-4H and Ethernet
network
Blinking
100BaseT traffic flow between SDA-4H and Ethernet
network
Off
No traffic flow between SDA-4S and Ethernet network
On
10BaseT physical link between SDA-4H and Ethernet
network
Blinking
10BaseT traffic flow between SDA-4H and Ethernet
network
Off
No traffic flow between SDA-4S and Ethernet network
On
Power received by the SDA-4S model
Off
No power received by SDA-4S model
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12.2.3.2. SDA-4H
The figure below displays the location of the SDA-4H LED indicators.
Power LED
Crossover Ethernet
LED (port 5)
Uplink (SPR to BSR)
LED
Ethernet straight-through LEDs (ports 2, 3, and 4)
Figure 12-8: SDA-4H LED indicators
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The table below describes the SDA-4H LED indicators.
Table 12-5: Description of the SDA-4H LED Indicators
LED
Color
1 (UPLINK)
Yellow
2, 3, and 4
5 (CROSS)
POWER
Yellow
Yellow
Green
Status
Meaning
On
Physical link between SDA-4H and SPR
Blinking
Traffic flow between SDA-4H and SPR
Off
No link between SDA-4H and SPR
On
Physical link between SDA-4H and Ethernet network
Blinking
Traffic flow between SDA-4H and Ethernet network
Off
No link between SDA-4H and Ethernet network
On
Physical link between SDA-4H and crossover Ethernet
port connection
Blinking
Traffic flow between SDA-4H and crossover Ethernet
port network
Off
No link between SDA-4H and crossover Ethernet port
connection
On
Power received by the SDA-4H
Off
No power received by SDA-4H
12.2.3.3. SDA-1, SDA-1/DC, SDA-1 Type II
The SDA-1, SDA-1/DC, and SDA-1 Type II models provide a single LED that
indicates whether power is being received. The LED for the SDA-1 Type II also
indicates correct port assignments for cabling.
Table 12-6: LED description for SDA-1, SDA-1/DC and SDA-1 Type II models
LED
POWER
12-12
Color
Green
Status
Meaning
On
Power received
Off
No power received
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12.3. RSS LED Adapter
The RSS LED adapter is an optional ASWipLL unit that measures received signal
strength at the SPR.
12.3.1. Physical Dimensions
The following table lists the RSS LED Plug adapter dimensions:
Table 12-7: RSS LED adapter dimensions
Parameter
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Dimensions
Height
123 mm (4.84 inches)
Width
68 mm (2.68 inches)
Depth
30 mm (1.18 inches)
Weight
85g
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12.3.2. Ports
The RSS LED adapter provides two 15-pin D-type ports: male port for connecting to
the SPR side; female port for connecting to the SDA side.
15-pin D-type male
(connects to SPR side)
RSSI LED 8
RSSI LED 1
Power LED
15-pin D-type female
(connects to SDA side)
Figure 12-9: RSS LED adapter
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12.3.3. LEDs
The table below describes the LEDs on the RSS LED adapter.
Table 12-8: LED description of the RSS LED adapter
LED
Power
Color
Red
RSS LEDs (where 1
is the lowest bar)
Green
Status
Description
On
SPR receives power
from the SDA
Off
No power supplied
to the SPR by the
SDA
Blinking
Data transmission is
occurring on the
Ethernet LAN
All LEDs on
RSS ≥ -65
LEDs on: 1, 2, 3, 4,
5, 6, 7
-69 ≤ RSS ≤ -66
LEDs on:
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
-73 ≤ RSS ≤ -70
LEDs on:
1, 2, 3, 4, 5
-77 ≤ RSS ≤ -74
LEDs on:
1, 2, 3, 4
-81 ≤ RSS ≤ -78
LEDs on:
1, 2, 3
-85 ≤ RSS ≤ -82
LEDs on: 1, 2
-89 ≤ RSS ≤ -86
LED on: 1
-93 ≤ RSS ≤ -90
LED blinking: 1
RSS ≤ -94
Note: A smaller RSS number indicates a stronger signal because the RSS level
is given as a negative value (e.g. –66 is better than –70).
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13
Mounting the Devices
This chapter describes the procedures for mounting the following devices:
„ SPR
„ SDA
13.1. Wall Mounting the SPR
The SPR is mounted outside on an exterior wall. However, the SPR can also be
pole-mounted.
Warning: The SPR device is an outdoor radio unit, and therefore, must only be
mounted outside.
Warning: Mount outdoor radios so that their front panel ports face down to
prevent water from settling on the ports. This avoids damage to the units such
as corrosion and electrical short-circuiting.
Note: The standard SPR kit includes wall-mounting brackets. For ordering
pole-mounting brackets (supply and costs), please contact your Airspan
representative. SPR pole mounting procedure is identical to BSR pole
mounting, thus, for a detailed description on pole mounting, see Part I, Chapter
7, "Mounting Devices".
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The SPR is mounted using the mounting holes located on the SPR's bottom panel
(see figure below), and the wall-mounting brackets (provided).
Mounting holes
Figure 13-1: SPR bottom panel providing holes for mounting
A minimum of 3-meter separation is required between mounted SPRs and existing
customer radio equipment when not transmitting on the same sector (see Figure
13-2).
3.0 metres
Figure 13-2: SPR separation when not transmitting on the same sector
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Mounting the Devices
A 1-meter separation is required between SPRs when on the same sector and
transmitting to the same BSR without requiring shielding (see Figure 13-3).
1.0 metre
Figure 13-3: SPR separation when transmitting on the same sector to the same BSR
SPR wall mounting is performed in two stages:
„ Attaching the mounting bracket to the SPR's mounting holes.
„ Attaching the mounting bracket (attached to the SPR) to the wall.
To wall mount the SPR:
1. Position the mounting bracket on the mounting surface (e.g. wall), and then
use a pencil to mark the position of the four mounting holes. Figure 13-4
displays the fixing dimensions. Ensure that the distance between the hole
centers are 120 mm (height) and 60 mm (width).
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Figure 13-4: SPR mounting bracket dimensions for the four fixing holes
2. Drill holes for each hole that you marked in the step above.
3. Insert wall anchors (not supplied) into each of the drilled holes.
4. Align the mounting bracket's four holes with the wall anchors, and then
insert a screw (not supplied) through the mounting bracket holes into each
wall anchor, and tighten.
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Mounting the Devices
Note: Airspan does not provide screws for attaching the mounting bracket to
the wall. The screw size depends on the structure of the building to which the
bracket is to be attached. When selecting screw sizes, consideration must be
given to the weight of the SPR and load that may be induced in windy
conditions.
Figure 13-5: Attaching mounting bracket to wall
5. Attach the SPR to the mounting bracket by performing the following:
a. Slide an M10-spring lock washer and then an M10-plain washer onto
each M10-hex head screw (ensure lock washer is nearest to head of screw
bolt).
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b. Align the mounting bracket's holes with the SPR's mounting holes as
displayed below. (The mounting bracket side that provides a groove for
inserting a nut must be aligned with the SPR's mounting hole that is
nearest to the SPR's rear panel.)
c. From the external sides, insert the M10-hex head screws through the
mounting bracket's holes and SPR's mounting holes. Loosely fasten with
the M10-hex nuts.
Figure 13-6: Attaching SPR to mounting bracket
6. Adjust the horizontal positioning of the SPR, and then tighten the two M10hex head screws with the M10 hex nuts.
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Rotation is restricted in the horizontal plane only. The permissible rotation is
shown in Figure 13-7.
Figure 13-7: Horizontal rotation of the SPR (top view)
Note: A third-party thread-locking compound must be applied to the M10-hex
head screws to prevent the bolts working loose.
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13.2. Mounting the SDA
The SDA can be mounted in the following ways:
„ Desktop mounted
„ Wall mounted
Note: Mounting is the same for all SDA models.
13.2.1. Desktop Mounting
The SDA can simply be placed horizontally on a table. The SDA's bottom panel
provides four rubber feet (pads) on each corner to provide cushioning and insulation
from static electricity.
Rubber feet
Rubber feet
Figure 13-8: Rubber feet on rear panel for SDA desktop mounting
Warning: To prevent a fire hazard caused by overheating, do not place the
SDA on a carpeted surface where airflow is restricted.
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Mounting the Devices
13.2.2. Wall Mounting
The SDA provides two mounting hooks molded into the SDA's bottom panel, as
displayed below.
Mounting
hook
Entrance to
mounting
hole
Figure 13-9: Mounting hooks on SDA rear panel
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Mounting the Devices
Hardware Installation Guide
To wall mount the SDA:
1. On the wall, mark the position of the two SDA mounting hooks. The
dimensions of the SDA's wall-mounting hooks are displayed in the template
below.
5 mm
59
100
2. Drill holes for each hole that you marked in the step above.
3. Insert wall anchors (supplied) into each of the drilled holes.
4. Insert the 9-inch screws (supplied) into the wall anchors. Ensure at least 2
mm of the screw is exposed to allow insertion into the SDA mounting holes.
5. Hold the SDA with both hands, and align the entrance to the two mounting
hooks with the screws. Slide the screws into the mounting hooks, by
lowering the SDA.
Notes:
1) For safety, both fixing points must be utilized when mounting the unit.
2) The SDA is supplied with a 1-metre AC power lead assembly. Therefore,
ensure the unit is mounted within reachable distance to the customer's mains
power outlet.
3) The cable must be dressed tidily and not be taught or pose a trip hazard
when connected.
4) The maximum cable run between SDA and SPR is 100 meters. However,
this can be extended to up to 300 meters (see Appendix F, "Extending
IDU/ODU Cable Length").
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Network Cabling
14
This chapter describes the procedures for network cabling at the subscribe site, and
includes the following:
„ Connecting SPR to SDA
„ Connecting SDA to Subscriber's Ethernet Network
„
Connecting to a LAN/PC
„
Connecting to a Hub
„
Connecting to a Voice-over-IP (VoIP) Network (RGW)
Warning: To avoid electrical or fire hazard, ensure that the network
connections described in this chapter are made prior to connecting power.
14.1. Connecting SPR to SDA
SPR interfaces with the subscriber's Ethernet network through the SDA. To connect
the SPR to the SDA, you need to connect the SPR's 15-pin D-type port to the SDA's
Ethernet radio port (15-pin D-type for all SDAs except SDA-1 Type II, which
provides an RJ-45 port) using a standard CAT-5 cable.
The SPR-to-SDA cable setup is as follows:
„ Cable: straight-through 10BaseT Ethernet UTP 4 Pair CAT-5e 24 AWG
outdoor type (100 meters)
„ Connectors:
„
SPR side: 15-pin D-type male (only 6 pins are used)
„
SDA side: 15-pin D-type male (only 6 pins are used) for all SDAs except
SDA-1 Type II (RJ-45 port)
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Network Cabling
Hardware Installation Guide
„ Connector pinouts:
Table 14-1: SPR-to-SDA connector pinouts
Straight-through cable
15-pin
D-type
male
SPR
Pin
Wire color
Function
+48 VDC
Blue / White
48 RTN
Blue
Tx+
Orange /
White
Tx-
Orange
Rx+
Green /
White
Rx-
Green
Wire
pair
SDA
Pin
Function
+48 VDC
48 RTN
15-pin
D-type
male
/RJ-45
Rx+
RxTx+
Tx-
Notes:
• The connector pinouts are the same for all SDA models.
• Only pins 1 through 6 are used.
• The wire color-coding is ASWipLL's standard for wire color-coding (for a detailed description of
ASWipLL's wire color-coding standard, see Appendix C, "Cable Crimping"). However, if you
implement your company's wire color-coding scheme, ensure that the wires are paired and twisted
according to the pin functions (e.g. Rx+ with Rx-) listed in the table above.
To connect the SPR to the SDA (see Figure 14-1):
1. Connect the 15-pin D-type male connector, at one end of the CAT 5 cable,
to the SPR's 15-pin D-type port labeled DATA POWER SYNC.
2. Connect the other end to the SDA:
„
For SDA except SDA-1 Type II: connect the 15-pin D-type male connector
to the SDA's 15-pin D-type port (see Figure 14-1)
„
For SDA-1 Type II: connect the RJ-45 connector to the SDA's RJ-45 port
labeled RADIO (see Figure 14-2)
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Hardware Installation Guide
Network Cabling
Figure 14-1: SPR-to-SDA (except SDA-1 Type II) cable connections
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Network Cabling
Hardware Installation Guide
Figure 14-2: SPR to SDA-1 Type II cable connections
Warning: When the SDA-1 Type II is implemented at the Base Station (i.e.
with the BSR), an RJ-45 adapter must be used (supplied) to connect the BSR
to the SDA-1 Type II (see Chapter 8, Section 8.2, "BSR Connected to SDA").
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Hardware Installation Guide
Network Cabling
Notes:
1) The standard CAT cable length is up to 100 meters. However, you can
extend the cable length to up to 300 meters using ASWipLL IDU/ODU Extender
(see Appendix F, "Extending IDU/ODU Cable Length").
2) Airspan supplies unterminated CAT cables. For a detailed description on
crimping cables, see Appendix C, "Cable Crimping".
3) Airspan offers an optional RJ45-to-DB15 adapter for attaching to the SDA's
15-pin D-type port. This allows you to crimp an RJ45 connector to one end of
the CAT cable. For a detailed description, see Appendix E, "RJ-45 to DB15
Adapter for IDU/ODU Connectivity".
4) For IDU/ODU connectivity of 40 meters and more, an outdoor lightning and
surge protector must be implemented (see Appendix I, "Installing Lightning
Protector".)
14.2. Connecting SDA to Subscriber's Ethernet
Network
The SDA provides an RJ-45 port(s) for Ethernet connectivity to the subscriber's
PC/network. The number of Ethernet ports and the speed of the Ethernet connection
depend on the SDA model. For a description of the ports of the various SDA
models, see Chapter 12, "Basic Design of Devices".
Note: Only subscriber terminal equipment (e.g. computer modem port) that is
designed for full compliance with TNV-1 telecommunication network
connectivity can be connected to the SDA-1. Warranty of Airspan's equipment
shall be made void if the SDA is connected to a computer that is not compliant
with TNV-1.
14.2.1. Connecting to LAN/PC
The SDA connects to the subscriber's PC(s)/LAN through the SDA's RJ-45 Ethernet
port(s). The number of Ethernet ports depends on the SDA model.
The SDA-to-subscriber PC cable configurations are as follows:
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Network Cabling
Hardware Installation Guide
„ Connector: 8-pin RJ-45
„ Cable: straight-through Ethernet cable
Note: The SDA-4S RJ-45 ports support MDI/MDI-X automatic crossover, i.e.
straight-through or crossover CAT-5 cables can be connected to these ports.
„ Connector Pinouts:
„
SDA-4S, SDA-4H (ports J2, J3, J4), SDA-1, SDA-1/DC, and SDA-1 Type II
models:
8-pin RJ-45 straight-through cable
Pin
Function
+Rx
-Rx
+Tx
-Tx
Note: Pins not mentioned are not used.
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Hardware Installation Guide
„
Network Cabling
SDA-4H model (port J5) :
8-pin RJ-45 crossover cable
Pin
Function
+Tx
-Tx
+Rx
-Rx
Note: Pins not mentioned are not used.
To connect the SDA to the subscriber's PC(s)/network (see Figure 14-3):
1. Connect the 8-pin RJ-45 male connector, at the one end of the Ethernet
cable, to the SDA's RJ-45 Ethernet port.
2. Connect the 8-pin RJ-45 male connector, at the other end of the Ethernet
cable, to the subscriber's PC (or device).
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Network Cabling
Hardware Installation Guide
Figure 14-3: SDA-to-PC/network cable connections (e.g. SDA-1 model)
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Hardware Installation Guide
Network Cabling
Figure 14-4: SDA-1 Type II to PC/network cable connections
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Network Cabling
Hardware Installation Guide
14.2.2. Connecting to Hub
The SDA-4S and SDA-4H models can be connected to a hub (e.g. for daisy
chaining). Generally, connecting hubs/switches to other hubs/switches requires
crossover cabling. The ports of the SDA-4S support MDI/MDI-X automatic
crossover, allowing connection of straight-through or crossover cables to any of the
ports. However, for SDA-4H, only the left-most RJ-45 port (port J5) is a crossover
port and can be connected to a hub.
The SDA-4S and SDA-4H cable configurations are as follows:
„ Connector: 8-Pin RJ-45
„ Cable:
„
SDA-4H: crossover-cable
„
SDA-4S models: straight-through or crossover cables
„ Connector pinouts:
SDA-4H 8-pin RJ-45 (J5)
Pin
Function
+Tx
-Tx
+Rx
-Rx
Note: Pins not mentioned are not used.
To connect SDA-4S or SDA-4H to a hub:
1. Connect the RJ-45 male, at one end of the cable, to any one of the SDA-4S's
RJ-45 ports (see Figure 14-5), or to the SDA-4H's left-most RJ-45 port - J5
(see Figure 14-6).
2. Connect the RJ-45 male, at the other end of the cable, to a hub.
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Hardware Installation Guide
Network Cabling
Figure 14-5: SDA-4S crossover/straight-through cable connections to hub
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Network Cabling
Hardware Installation Guide
Figure 14-6: SDA-4H crossover cable connections to hub
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Hardware Installation Guide
Network Cabling
14.2.3. Connecting to VoIP Network
The SDA-4S/1H3L and SDA-4S/VL/1H3L models' left-most RJ-45 Ethernet ports
are used to interface with the subscriber's VoIP network. This port assigns highest
priority level (compared to the other RJ-45 ports) to VoIP traffic.
The cable connections for connecting the SDA-4S/1H3L and SDA-4S/VL/1H3L
models to the subscriber's VoIP network are as follows:
„ Connector: 8-pin RJ-45 male
„ Cable: straight-through or crossover
„ Connector pinouts:
8-pin RJ-45
(left-most port)
Pin
Function
+Rx
-Rx
+Tx
-Tx
Note: Pins not mentioned are not used.
To connect to the VoIP network (see Figure 14-7):
1. Connect the RJ-45 male connector, at one end of the Ethernet cable, to the
left-most RJ-45 port on the front panel of the SDA-4S/1H3L and SDA4S/VL/1H3L.
2. Connect the RJ-45 male connector, at the other end of the cable, to the VoIP
network, for example, to a Residential Gateway.
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Network Cabling
Hardware Installation Guide
Figure 14-7: Connecting SDA-4S/1H3L and SDA-4S/VL/1H3L to VoIP network
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Network Cabling
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Serial Cabling
15
The SPR's 15-pin D-type port provides serial interface with a PC for configuring the
SPR through an RS-232 communication mode. The 15-pin D-type port uses three
pins for serial interface with a PC, and six pins for interfacing with the SDA (with
which the SPR is connected). A Y-cable (splitter) is used to connect the SPR's 15pin D-type port to both the PC and the SDA.
Notes:
1) SPR initial configuration is performed using Airspan's WipConfig program
(refer to the ASWipLL WipConfig User's Guide).
2) For customers with previous SPR models providing a 9-pin D-type port, the
serial cabling is identical to BSR serial cabling (see Part I, Chapter 9, "Serial
Cabling".
The SPR-to-PC and SDA cable connections for SPR serial configuration are as
follows:
„ Connectors:
„
SPR side: 15-pin D-type male (only 6 pins used)
„
PC side: 9-pin D-type (RS-232)
„
SDA side: 15-pin D-type male
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Serial Cabling
Hardware Installation Guide
„ Cable: straight-through Y-cable (see figure below)
Figure 15-1: Y-cable for serial connection
„ Connector pinouts:
Table 15-1: Y-cable connector pinouts
Straight-through Y-cable
SPR
15-pin D-type
male
Pin
SDA
Function
Pin
Function
+48 VDC
+48 VDC
48 RTN
48 RTN
Ethernet Tx+
Rx+
Ethernet Tx-
Rx-
Ethernet Rx+
Tx+
Ethernet Rx-
Tx-
SPR
Pin
15-2
15-pin D-type
male
PC
Pin
Function
Function
12
GND
GND
14
RS232 Rx
Rx
15
RS232 Tx
Tx
Airspan Networks Inc.
9-pin D-type
female
02030311-10
Hardware Installation Guide
Serial Cabling
To connect the SPR to a PC for serial configuration (see Figure 15-2):
1. Connect the 15-pin D-type male connector, at the one end of the Y-cable, to
the SPR.
2. Connect the 15-pin D-type male connector, at the other end of the Y-cable,
to the SDA.
3. Connect the 9-pin D-type female (RS232) connector, at the other end of the
Y-cable, to the PC's serial port.
Figure 15-2: SPR serial cable connections using a Y-cable
Notes: For SPR serial configuration, the SPR remains connected to the SDA.
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Serial Cabling
Hardware Installation Guide
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16
Connecting ThirdThird - Party
External Antenna
The SPR model without a built-in antenna provides an N-type port for connecting a
third-party external antenna. The addition of an external antenna allows greater RF
sector coverage than the standard SPR built-in antenna models.
Warning: Before connecting the external antenna, ensure that the SPR is
NOT connected to the power source.
Warning: Before powering on the SPR, ensure that some type of equipment
such as an antenna or an RF attenuator is connected to the N-type receptacle.
This eliminates the risk of damaging the SPR device.
Warning: It is the responsibility of the person installing the ASWipLL system to
ensure that when using the outdoor antenna kits in the United States (or where
FCC rules apply), that only those antennas certified with the product are used.
The use of any antenna other than those certified with the product is expressly
forbidden in accordance with FCC rules CFR47 part 15.204. The installer
should configure the output power level of antennas according to country
regulations and per antenna type.
Warning: In accordance with FCC regulations, ensure that for external
antennas, the maximum EIRP is 36 dBm. The EIRP is defined as:
Max. Power Output + Antenna Gain + Cable Loss ≤ 36 dBm (EIRP)
Notes:
1) SPR models that provide N-type connectors for attaching a third-party
external antenna do not contain an internal, built-in antenna.
2) It is recommended that the same antenna polarization (i.e. horizontal/
vertical) exists at both ends of the link (i.e. Base Station and subscriber site).
3) For crimping RF coaxial cables, see Appendix C, "Cable Crimping".
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Connecting Third-Party External Antenna
Hardware Installation Guide
The following lists the SPR-to-third party external antenna cable setup:
„ Cable: RF coaxial
„ Connector: N-type male
To connect the SPR to a third-party external antenna:
„ Connect an N-type male connector of the third-party antenna to the N-type port
located on the SPR's front panel, as displayed below.
Figure 16-1: SPR model with N-type connector for attaching an external antenna
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Declaration of FCC
Conformity
We, Airspan Networks Inc., declare that the ASWipLL radio devices listed in the
table below comply with FCC Rules. We further declare that only the antenna
installation configurations shown in the table below are used in specific installations.
Table J-1: FCC compliancy for ASWipLL radios
ASWipLL device
BSR (outdoor radio)
SPR (outdoor radio)
IDR (indoor radio)
02030311-10
Operating
frequency
Product description
(antenna configuration)
FCC rules
700 MHz
Only external antenna
Part 27
900 MHz
Either external or internal antenna
Part 15
1.9 GHz
Either external or internal antenna
Part 24
2.4 GHz
Only internal antenna
Part 15
2.5 GHz
Only internal antenna
Part 21
5.8 GHz
Only internal antenna
Part 15
700 MHz
Only external antenna
Part 27
900 MHz
Either external or internal antenna
Part 15
1.9 GHz
Either external or internal antenna
Part 24
2.4 GHz
Only internal antenna
Part 15
2.5 GHz
Only internal antenna
Part 21
5.8 GHz
Only internal antenna
Part 15
900 MHz
Either external or internal antenna
Part 15
2.4 GHz
Only internal antenna
Part 15
Airspan Networks Inc.
J-1
Declaration of FCC Conformity
Hardware Installation Guide
The table below lists the ASWipLL radio compliancy to FCC for maximum transmit
power output at the antenna connector.
Table J-2: ASWipLL radio FCC compliancy for Tx power and EIRP
Frequency
Mode
Max. Tx power at
antenna connector
Max. EIRP
System
mode
700 MHz
3 Mbps /
4 Mbps
31.8 dBm
According to
FCC approved
antenna gain
Digital
900 MHz
3 Mbps
17.5 dBm
36 dBm
Hybrid
4 Mbps
23 dBm
36 dBm
Hybrid
1.9 GHz
3 Mbps /
4 Mbps
31 dBm (BSR); 29.8
dBm (SPR)
According to
FCC approved
antenna gain
Digital
2.4 GHz
3 Mbps /
4 Mbps
23 dBm
36 dBm
Hybrid
2.5 GHz
(MMDS)
3 Mbps /
4 Mbps
28.8 dBm
According to
FCC approved
antenna gain
Digital
5.8 GHz
3 Mbps
17.6 dBm
36 dBm
Hybrid
4 Mbps
21 dBm
36 dBm
Hybrid
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Declaration of FCC Conformity
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J-3
How to find out
more
about
Airspan products
and solutions
For more information about
Airspan, its products and
solutions, please visit our
Web site:
www.airspan.com
Or write to us at one of the
addresses below.
We will be delighted to send
you additional
information on any of our
products and their
applications around the
world.
Airspan has offices in the
following countries:
Europe
Czech Republic
Poland
Russia
United Kingdom
Africa
South Africa
Americas
United States
Asia Pacific
Australia
China
Indonesia
Japan
New Zealand
Philippines
Sri Lanka
Worldwide Headquarters:
Airspan Networks Inc.
777 Yamato Road, Suite 105
Boca Raton, Florida 33431-4408
USA
Main Operations:
Airspan Communications Ltd.
Cambridge House, Oxford Road,
Uxbridge, Middlesex UB8 1UN
UK
Tel: +1 561 893 8670
Fax: +1 561 893 8671
Tel: +44 (0) 1895 467 100
Fax: +44 (0) 1895 467 101

---

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