Alvarion Technologies EAP-11AMP Roof Mounted Spread Spectrum Transmission System User Manual BRZN11

Alvarion Ltd. Roof Mounted Spread Spectrum Transmission System BRZN11

Manual

Download:
Mirror Download [FCC.gov]
Document ID	119910
Application ID	FK6BkQ6Xh8/1J45v60OfRw==
Document Description	Manual
Short Term Confidential	No
Permanent Confidential	No
Supercede	No
Document Type	User Manual
Display Format	Adobe Acrobat PDF - pdf
Filesize	28.33kB (354140 bits)
Date Submitted	2000-10-05 00:00:00
Date Available	2000-10-05 00:00:00
Creation Date	2000-10-03 17:55:54
Producing Software	Acrobat PDFWriter 4.05 for Windows
Document Lastmod	2000-10-04 15:04:20
Document Title	BRZN11
Document Creator	BRZNETA1.DOC - Microsoft Word

BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
Outdoor Bridge
User’s Guide
(for models using AMP2400S-250/500)
October, 2000
Cat. No. 213034
Revision
Disclaimer: The diagrams in this manual are for illustrative purposes only. They should not be
confused with the transceiver operating in a standalone mode. When these diagrams are in use, the
transceiver will be installed in conjunction with amp model AMP-2400S-250/500 and the antennas
listed in Table 1.
© 2000 by BreezeCOM Ltd. All rights reserved.
No part of this publication may be reproduced in any material form without the
written permission of the copyright owner.
Trade Names
BreezeNET and BreezeLINK are trade names of
BreezeCOM Ltd. Other brand and product names are registered trademarks or
trademarks of their respective companies.
Statement of Conditions
The information contained in this manual is subject to change without notice. BreezeCOM Ltd. shall not be
liable for errors contained herein or for incidental or consequential damages in connection with the
furnishing, performance, or use of this manual or equipment supplied with it.
Warranty
In the following warranty text, “the Company” shall mean:
- BreezeCOM Inc., for products located in the USA.
- BreezeCOM Ltd., for products located outside the USA.
This BreezeNET product is warranted against defects in material and workmanship for a period of one year.
During this warranty period the Company will, at its option, either repair or replace products that prove to be
defective.
For warranty service or repair, the product must be returned to a service facility designated by the Company.
Authorization to return products must be obtained prior to shipment. The buyer shall pay all shipping charges
to the Company and the Company shall pay shipping charges to return the product to the buyer.
The Company warrants that the firmware designed by it for use with the unit will execute its programming
instructions when properly installed on the unit. The Company does not warrant that the operation of the unit
or firmware will be uninterrupted or error-free.
Limitation of Warranty
The foregoing warranty shall not apply to defects resulting from improper or inadequate maintenance by the
buyer, buyer supplied interfacing, unauthorized modification or misuse, operation outside of the
environmental specifications for the product, or improper site preparation or maintenance. No other warranty
is expressed or implied. The Company specifically disclaims the implied warranties of merchantability and
fitness for any particular purpose.
Electronic Emission Notices
This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC rules, ETSI 300-328, UL, UL/C, TUV/GS,
and CE.
Operation is subject to the following two conditions:
1. This device may not cause harmful interference.
2. This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may
cause undesired operation.
"Professional Installers Only :
Detached antennas should be installed ONLY by
experienced antenna installation professionals who arefamiliar with local building and safety codes
and, wherever applicable, are licensed by the appropriate government regulatory authorities.
Failure to do so may void the BreezeNET product warranty and may expose the end user to
excessive Radio Frequency hazard that may bring legal and financial liabilities."
"Regulations regarding maximum antenna gains, amplifier power gain, and maximum permissible
expose vary from country to country. It is the responsibility of the end user to operate within the
limits of these regulations and to ensure that only professional installers install this device that are
aware of these regulations and trained or recommended by Breezecom, as well. "
FCC Radiation Exposure Statement
i)
This equipment complies with FCC radiation exposure limits set forth for an
uncontrolled environment when installed as directed. This equipment should be
installed and operated with fix-mounted antennas that are installed with a
minimum of 2 meters of separation distance between the antenna and all persons
body during normal operation and the antennas as shown below:
Antenna
Type
Gain
(dBi)
EIRP
(mW)
Amp Peak output
Power (mW)
Minimum RF
Exposure Separation
Distance (m)
Uni Grid 24
Uni Patch 16
Uni Patch 16
Uni Patch 11
Uni Patch 11
Uni Patch 9
Uni Patch 9
Omni 8
Omni 8
24
16
16
11
11
831.8
446.7
955.0
309.0
660.7
263.0
562.3
1318.3
2818.4
208.9
208.9
446.7
208.9
446.7
208.9
446.7
208.9
446.7
WARNING: It is the responsibility of the professional installer to
ensure that when using the outdoor antenna kits in the United States
(or where FCC rules apply), only these antenna configurations shown
in the table in section 1.4 are used. The use of any antenna other
than those listed is expressly forbidden in accordance to FCC rules
CFR47 part 15.204.Information to User
Any changes or modifications of equipment not expressly approved by the manufacturer could void the user’s
authority to operate the equipment and the company’s warranty.
CONTACTING BREEZECOM TECHNICAL SUPPORT
Should you need assistance beyond the scope of this guide, please contact
your local BreezeCOM reseller or distributor. If they cannot solve your
problem, feel free to contact the BreezeCOM Technical Support
Department. The support representatives can assist you in solving any
problems that cannot be solved by your reseller.
When requesting support, please have the following items available:
•
Configuration of the system, including models of the BreezeCOM
equipment used.
•
Antenna type and cable lengths.
•
Site information such as, possible radio path problems (trees, machines,
and buildings).
•
Distance between devices.
•
Configuration, statistic counters, and error messages, as seen on the
monitor.
•
Description of problems encountered.
To contact BreezeCOM Technical Support, refer to the Technical Support
page of the BreezeCOM website: www.breezecom.com
Introduction To The BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Introduction To The BreezeNET PRO.11 Series ....................................... 1-4
1.1. How to Use This Guide ............................................................................ 1-4
1.2. BreezeNET PRO.11 Series Features ........................................................ 1-5
1.2.1. Access Point ................................................................................. 1-6
1.2.2. Workgroup Bridge ........................................................................ 1-7
1.3. Extending Range with the AMP2400S .................................................... 1-8
Antenna Selection............................................................................................ 1-9
1.5. BreezeNET PRO.11 Functional Description.......................................... 1-10
2. Basic Installation ........................................................................................... 2-1
2.1. Basic Installation Checklist...................................................................... 2-1
2.2. Check the Package List ............................................................................ 2-1
2.3. Position the Unit....................................................................................... 2-2
2.3.1. Additional Considerations When Positioning the Access Point... 2-3
2.4. Connect the Unit to the Power Supply ..................................................... 2-3
2.5. Connect the Unit to the Ethernet Port ...................................................... 2-4
2.6. Check Unit Functionality using LED indicators ...................................... 2-5
2.6.1. Station (SA-10, SA-40) and Bridge (WB-10) LEDs .................... 2-5
2.6.2. Access Point LEDs ....................................................................... 2-6
2.6.3. Verifying the Ethernet Connection............................................... 2-6
3. Device Setup and Management .................................................................... 3-1
3.1. Accessing and Using Local Terminal Management................................. 3-1
3.2. Configuration Screens ............................................................................. 3-2
3.3. Main Menu ............................................................................................. 3-45
3.4. System Configuration Menu .................................................................. 3-56
3.4.1. Station Status .............................................................................. 3-57
3.4.2. IP and SNMP Parameters ........................................................... 3-68
3.4.3. Wireless LAN (WLAN) Parameters........................................... 3-78
3.4.4. Bridging.................................................................................... 3-911
3.4.5. Station Control........................................................................ 3-1012
3.4.6. Security.................................................................................. 3-1112
3.5. Advanced Settings Menu.................................................................... 3-1213
3.5.1. Translation Mode (read-only)................................................. 3-1314
3.5.2. Roaming (read-only)............................................................... 3-1314
3.5.3. Performance............................................................................ 3-1315
3.5.4. Radio....................................................................................... 3-1517
3.5.5. Rate ......................................................................................... 3-1617
3.5.6. AP Redundancy Support (read-only) ..................................... 3-1618
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
1-1
User’s Guide
Introduction To The BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
3.5.7. Maintenance............................................................................ 3-1618
3.6. Site Survey Menu ............................................................................... 3-1719
3.6.1. System Counters.................................................................... 3-1819
3.6.2. Survey Software .................................................................... 3-2223
3.6.3. Event Log .............................................................................. 3-2224
3.6.4. Display Neighboring AP’s..................................................... 3-2224
3.6.5. Using the Site Survey Software.............................................. 3-2325
3.6.6. Using the Rx Packets per Frequency Histogram.................... 3-2628
3.7. Access Control Menu ......................................................................... 3-2729
4. Planning and Installing Wireless LANs ...................................................... 5-2
4.1. System Configurations ............................................................................. 5-2
4.1.1. Single Cell Configuration............................................................. 5-3
4.1.2. Overlapping Cell Configuration ................................................... 5-7
4.1.3. Multicell Configuration ................................................................ 5-9
4.1.4. Multi-hop Configuration (Relay)................................................ 5-11
4.2. Outdoor Installation Considerations....................................................... 5-13
4.2.1. Site Selection Factors ................................................................. 5-13
4.2.2. Rooftop Installation .................................................................... 5-14
4.2.3. Antennas for Outdoor Applications............................................ 5-14
4.2.4. Antenna Seal............................................................................... 5-16
4.2.5. Cell Size...................................................................................... 5-16
4.2.6. Link Distance.............................................................................. 5-17
4.2.7. Using Outdoor Range Tables ..................................................... 5-17
4.3. Precautions ............................................................................................. 5-18
4.3.1. Professional Installers Only........................................................ 5-18
4.3.2. Transmit Antenna Gain .............................................................. 5-18
4.3.3. Spurious Radio Frequency Emissions ...........Error! Bookmark not
defined.-Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.3.4. Lightning Protection................................................................... 5-18
4.3.5. Rain Proofing.............................................................................. 5-19
5. Accessory Installation ................................................................................... 6-1
5.2 AL 1 Lightning Arrestor........................................................................... 6-1
6. Upgrade Procedure ....................................................................................... 7-1
7. System Troubleshooting................................................................................ 8-1
8.1. Troubleshooting Guide............................................................................. 8-1
8.2. Checking Counters ................................................................................... 8-3
8.2.1. WLAN Counters.......................................................................... 8-3
8.2.2. Ethernet Counters ........................................................................ 8-3
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
1-2
User’s Guide
Introduction To The BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
8. Appendix 9-1
8.1. Supported MIBs and Traps....................................................................... 9-1
8.1.1. Supported MIBs............................................................................ 9-1
8.1.2. Supported Traps............................................................................ 9-2
8.2. Technical Specifications........................................................................... 9-3
8.2.1. Specifications for BreezeNET PRO.11 Units............................... 9-3
8.2.2. Specifications for AL 1 Lightning Arrestor ................................. 9-5
8.3. Wireless LAN Concepts ........................................................................... 9-6
8.4. Radio Signal Propagation....................................................................... 9-12
8.4.1. Introduction ................................................................................ 9-12
8.4.2. RF Terms and Definitions .......................................................... 9-13
8.5. IEEE 802.11 Technical Tutorial............................................................. 9-20
8.5.1. Architecture Components ........................................................... 9-20
8.5.2. IEEE 802.11 Layers Description................................................ 9-21
8.5.3. The MAC Layer.......................................................................... 9-22
8.5.4. How Does a Station Join an Existing Cell (BSS)?..................... 9-28
8.5.5. Roaming...................................................................................... 9-28
8.5.6. Keeping Synchronization ........................................................... 9-29
8.5.7. Security....................................................................................... 9-29
8.5.8. Power Saving.............................................................................. 9-30
8.5.9. Frame Types ............................................................................... 9-31
8.5.10. Frame Formats ............................................................................ 9-31
8.5.11. Most Common Frame Formats ................................................... 9-36
8.5.12. Point Coordination Function (PCF)............................................ 9-38
8.5.13. Ad-hoc Networks........................................................................ 9-38
General Product Description ............................................................................ 9-1
Cable Length vs. Output Power ...................................................................... 9-1
Installation and Mounting ............................................................................... 9-2
Amplifier Connections and Indicators ............................................................ 9-2
DC Power Injector Connections and Indicators .............................................. 9-3
Power Supply .................................................................................................. 9-3
Operation ......................................................................................................... 9-3
Specifications .................................................................................................. 9-3
UNI-DIRECTIONAL ANTENNAS VS EUT AMP POWER OUTPUT
SETTING 9-6
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
1-3
User’s Guide
Introduction To The BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
1. INTRODUCTION TO THE BREEZENET
PRO.11 SERIES
This chapter explains how to use this guide, presents the members of the
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series, describes the benefits of BreezeNET PRO.11
Wireless LANs, and lists the product specifications.
1.1. How to Use This Guide
This User’s Guide contains instructions for overall planning and setting up
your wireless LAN, and provides details of how to install each unit, and
how to install antennas and accessories.
This guide contains the following chapters:
•
•
Chapter 1 Introduction – Explains how to use this guide and presents
the members of the BreezeNET PRO.11 Series.
Chapter 2 Basic Installation – Details how to install most BreezeNET
PRO.11 Series units.
•
Chapter 3 Device Setup and Management – Describes how to use the
local terminal to setup, configure, and manage BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
units.
•
Chapter 4 Planning and Installing Wireless LANs – Provides
guidelines and restrictions regarding antenna selection and installation,
and includes outdoor antenna range tables.
•
Chapter 6 Upgrade Procedure – Explains how to perform future
upgrades for BreezeNET PRO.11 Series units using a TFTP application.
•
Chapter 7 System Troubleshooting – Contains a troubleshooting guide
that provides answers to some of the more common problems which may
occur when installing and using BreezeNET PRO.11 Series products.
•
Chapter 8 Appendix – This appendix lists MIBs, and traps supported
by BreezeNET PRO.11 Series products, lists product and attachment
specifications, provides an overview of the concepts related to wireless
LANs, discusses the concepts and applications of radio signal
propagation relevant to wireless LANs, and introduces the new 802.11
standard.
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
1-4
User’s Guide
Introduction To The BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
1.2. BreezeNET PRO.11 Series Features
Following is a partial list of the features in the BreezeNET PRO.11 Series:
•
IEEE 802.11 Compliant – All BreezeNET PRO.11 Series units are fully
compliant with the final IEEE 802.11 specification for wireless LANs,
and thus support interoperability with other 802.11 compliant vendors.
•
Fully integrated product family – One high-performance Access Point
for all products in the series.
•
Increased Throughput – Up to 2 Mbps data throughput; the best figure
in the market!
•
Translation Bridging – Support for both translation and transparent
bridging as defined in the IEEE 802.1.h and RFC 1042 standards.
•
Seamless Roaming – Network connection is maintained while roaming
between overlapping coverage areas. Transmission and reception can be
continued while moving at high speeds with no data packet loss or
duplication.
•
Load Sharing – Traffic is equally distributed among all Access Points
in the area.
•
Redundancy – In co-located cell environments, upon failure of an
Access Point, stations will switch to other available Access Points.
•
LED Display – Power, Network Activity, and WLAN Load or Signal
Quality LEDs indicate the current status of the unit.
•
Upgrading – Simple, quick, and free software upgrades via TFTP.
•
Future-proof Investment – All “infrastructure” items in the PRO.11
Series line offer Flash updates.
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
1-5
User’s Guide
Introduction To The BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
1.2.1.
Access Point
The Access Point is fully compliant with the IEEE 802.11 wireless LAN
standard.
The BreezeNET Access Point is a wireless hub that provides access for
wireless workstations into wired Ethernet LANs. It also contains a wireless
coordinating function which enables workstations equipped with a Station
Adapter (Station Adapter, Bridge) to communicate with one another inside
the cell coverage area (even if they are not in direct line of sight) via the
Access Point. Any two wireless stations in two different cells can
communicate through their Access Points.
Disclaimer: This diagram is for
illustrative purposes only. It should
not be confused with the transceiver
operating in a standalone mode.
When this diagram is in use, the
transceiver will be used in
conjunction with amp model
AMP-2400S-250/500 and the
antennas listed in this manual.
Mobile workstations, such as laptops and hand-held devices, can roam
between Access Points that belong to the same Extended Service Set (ESS).
In an Extended Service Set, all Access Points have the same ESSID. When
the access points are set up so that their coverage areas overlap, users can
roam seamlessly from cell to cell. This means that there is no interruption of
network connection when moving from one coverage area to the other
through the overlap and is completely transparent to the user and the
applications. The Station Adapters decide when a mobile user becomes
disassociated from one access point and associated with another. This
process is fully transparent, requires no user intervention and involves no
loss of data packets.
Position multiple access points in locations where heavy network traffic is
expected to create a multicell and increase the aggregate throughput
capacity in areas where it is needed most. The system implements a Load
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
1-6
User’s Guide
Introduction To The BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
Balancing algorithm to divide the stations equally between the available colocated Access Points.
The BreezeNET Access Point contains an embedded SNMP agent enabling
effective management by BreezeVIEW or any standard SNMP management
station. Software upgrades can be downloaded by TFTP protocol via the
wired LAN or wireless LAN.
1.2.2.
Workgroup Bridge
The BreezeNET Workgroup Bridge is a high-speed, wide-range wireless
LAN bridge that provides connectivity to remote Ethernet networks.
Figure 1.1: WB-10D PRO.11 with Two
External Antenna Connector Ports
Disclaimer: This diagram is for illustrative purposes only. It should not be
confused with the transceiver operating in a standalone mode. When this
diagram is in use, the transceiver will be used in conjunction with amp
model AMP-2400S-250/500 and the antennas listed in this manual.
The Workgroup Bridge communicates with the BreezeNET Access Points of
the remote LANs effectively creating an extended wireless network
spanning sites situated up to 6 miles apart (in Europe this range is limited by
ETSI regulations to 2.5 Km.). In this way a central Ethernet LAN may be
connected with one or more branch office LANs.
In addition, an island consisting of a Workgroup Bridge together with an
Access Point can work as a relay. Transmissions from the central LAN and
from the remote LAN are relayed via the island located between them. This
configuration effectively doubles bridge range.
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
1-7
User’s Guide
Introduction To The BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
orkstations that can be connected to the wireless LAN include PCs, XTerminals, Digital, SUN, HP, IBM, and Apple computers, and any other
device that supports Ethernet. The unit is transparent to the workgroup
devices’ hardware, software, and network operating system.
The BreezeNET Workgroup Bridge contains an embedded SNMP agent and
software downloading capabilities enabling effective management. Software
upgrades are downloaded using TFTP protocol via the Ethernet ports or via
the wireless LAN and Access Point.
1.3. Extending Range with the AMP2400S
To extend the range of the AP10-D or WB-10D, the AMP2400S-250 or
AMP2400S-500 is used. These devices amplify the RF output and receive
power to allow long range connections or connections with longer cable
runs. The diagram below shows a typical installation of the BreezeNet and
AMP2400S. (See the addendum at the end of this manual for instructions
on how to install the AMP2400S).
BREEZECOM AMPLIFIER INSTALLATION DETAILS
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
1-8
User’s Guide
Introduction To The BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
1.4. Antenna Selection
The AMP2400S and the BreezeNET radio modem must be professionally
installed. Table (1) shows the FCC approved configuration of the AMP2400S,
BreezeNET Radio and antenna configurations.
WARNING: It is the responsibility of the installer to ensure that when used in
the United States (or where FCC rules apply), only these configurations are used.
The use of any antenna other than those listed below is expressly forbidden in
accordance to FCC rules CFR47 part 15.204.
1.4.1.1
Table (1) FCC Type Acceptance Configurations
Radio Equipment
BreezeNET PRO.11 with
Amp2400S-250
BreezeNET PRO.11 with
Amp2400S-500
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
UNI-24
24 dBi
Grid
UNI-16
16 dBi
Panel
UNI-11
11 dBi
Panel
UNI-9
9 dBi
Panel
Omni-8
8 dBi
Omni
1-9
User’s Guide
Introduction To The BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
1.5. BreezeNET PRO.11 Functional Description
BreezeNET PRO.11 units add wireless functionality to existing Ethernet
LANs.
1.5.1.
Quick Review of Ethernet
Standard Ethernet LAN stations are wired to a common bus. When one of
the stations sends a message, it assigns a destination address to the message
and sends the message on the bus. All stations on the bus “hear” the
message, but only the station with the proper address processes the message.
1.5.2.
Startup Procedure
When wireless units (other than AP-10) start up, they scan the frequencies
for an AP-10. If an active AP-10 is in range, the units synchronize with it.
The addresses associated with the units are registered in the AP-10 (the
registration process is different for each unit type). From then on, the units
can send and receive messages to and from the wired LAN.
1.5.3.
AP-10 Access Point
The AP-10 Access Point is connected to a wired Ethernet LAN, and it keeps
a list of known stations on its wireless side. When an AP-10 “hears” a
message that is destined for a wireless station, the AP-10 forwards the
message wirelessly to the station. If the message has a destination address
that the AP-10 does not recognize, the AP-10 ignores the message.
The AP-10 is constantly “listening” for wireless messages as well. When the
AP-10 “hears” a wireless message destined for another wireless unit, it
relays the message directly to the wireless unit without forwarding the
message to the wired LAN. When the AP-10 “hears” a wireless message
whose destination it does not recognize (since it does not keep a list of
known stations on its wired side), it forwards the message to the wired
LAN. Messages cannot be sent directly between wireless stations without an
AP-10 to relay the message.
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
1-10
User’s Guide
Introduction To The BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
1.5.4.
SA-10 Station Adapter
The SA-10 station adapter is connected to a station’s network card. When
the station sends a message, the SA-10 wirelessly forwards it to the AP-10.
And when the AP-10 receives a message destined for the station, it
wirelessly forwards the message to the SA-10.
The first time the station sends a message, the station’s address is registered
in the AP-10. The AP-10 keeps only the first address for each SA-10, so the
SA-10 will not work properly if connected to more than one station.
1.5.5.
SA-40 Station Adapter
The SA-40 station adapter has four connectors for up to four stations and
works just like the SA-10. As each station connected to the SA-40 sends its
first message, each address is registered in the AP-10. The AP-10 keeps
only up to four addresses for each SA-40, so the SA-40 will not work
properly if connected to more than four stations.
1.5.6.
WB-10 Wireless Bridge
As opposed to the SA-10 and SA-40 that connect directly to stations, the
WB-10 wireless bridge connects to a wired Ethernet LAN (Hub). When a
station on the WB-10’s LAN sends a message that is not destined for a local
station, the WB-10 wirelessly forwards the message to the AP-10. And
when the AP-10 receives a message destined for a station on the WB-10s
LAN, the AP-10 wirelessly forwards it to the WB-10. In this way, the
WB-10 and AP-10 work together like a standard network bridge.
The first time each station on the WB-10’s LAN sends a message, the
station’s address is registered in the WB-10 and the AP-10. The WB-10 and
AP-10 can hold all the addresses necessary to support an entire LAN
connected to a WB-10.
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
1-11
User’s Guide
Basic Installation
2. BASIC INSTALLATION
The BreezeNET PRO.11 Series is a plug-and-play solution, and the units
begin to function when the following basic installation is complete.
However, you can adapt the system to your particular needs using the local
terminal (see Chapter 3).
For a description of various overall system configurations, refer to
Chapter 4.
2.1. Basic Installation Checklist
Standard installation involves the following steps:
•
Check the Package List.
•
Position the unit and the antenna in the best location.
•
Connect the power supply to the unit.
•
Connect the Ethernet port to the unit.
•
Check unit functionality using the LED indicators.
2.2. Check the Package List
When you first open the package, verify that the unit is complete with the
following components:
•
The unit, complete with two RF connectors for use with external
antennas (“D” models).
•
Quick Installation Guide/Card.
•
5V DC power supply transformer.
•
Mounting bracket for wall or ceiling installations and torque key for
antenna connectors (supplied with "D" models).
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
2-1
User’s Guide
Basic Installation
The AP-10 PRO.11 Access Point comes with the following additional
components:
•
The BreezeNET PRO.11 Series User’s Guide.
•
A monitor connector cable for connecting the units to a monitor in order
to perform Local Terminal Management functions (see section 3.1).
•
Proprietary MIB disk for performing remote unit configuration and
monitoring via SNMP (see section 8.1.1).
Open the packaging carefully and make sure that none of the items listed
above are missing. Do not discard packaging materials. If, for any reason,
the unit is returned, it must be shipped in its original package.
2.3. Position the Unit
BreezeNET PRO.11 wireless LAN products are robust, trouble-free units,
designed to operate efficiently under a wide range of conditions. The
following guidelines are provided to help you position the units to ensure
optimum coverage and operation of the wireless LAN.
Metal Furniture
Position the units clear of metal furniture and away from moving objects
such as metal fans or doors.
Microwave Ovens
For best performance, position the units clear of radiation sources that emit
in the 2.4 GHz frequency band, such as microwave ovens.
Antennas
For models with integrated antennas, make sure the antennas are extended
upward vertically in relation to the floor. For models with external antennas,
connect the external antennas and RF cable. For information about external
antenna installation, refer to section 4.2
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
2-2
User’s Guide
Basic Installation
Outdoor Installation Considerations.
Heat Sources
Keep the units well away from sources of heat, such as radiators, airconditioners, etc.
2.3.1.
Additional Considerations When Positioning the
Access Point
When positioning the AP-10 PRO.11 and AP-10DE Access Points, take into
account the following additional considerations.
Height
Install the Access Point at least 1.5m above the floor, clear of any high
office partitions or tall pieces of furniture in the coverage area. The Access
Point can be placed on a high shelf, or can be attached to the ceiling or a
wall using a mounting bracket.
Central Location
Install the Access Point in a central location in the intended coverage area.
Good positions are:
•
In the center of a large room.
•
In the center of a corridor.
•
At the intersection of two corridors.
Many modern buildings have partitions constructed of metal or containing
metal components. We recommend that you install the Access Points on the
corridor ceilings. The radio waves propagated by the BreezeNET PRO.11
LAN are reflected along the metal partitions and enter the offices through
the doors or glass sections.
2.4. Connect the Unit to the Power Supply
The unit operates on a power input of 5V DC, (1200mA , 1500mA peak)
supplied by the power transformer included with the unit.
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
2-3
User’s Guide
Basic Installation
•
Plug the output jack of the power transformer into the DC input socket
on the unit. This socket may be located on the rear or side panel of the
unit.
•
Connect the supplied power transformer to a power outlet 110/ 220VAC.
2.5. Connect the Unit to the Ethernet Port
•
Connect one end of a an Ethernet 10BaseT cable (not supplied) to the
RJ-45 port on the rear panel of the unit (marked UTP).
•
Connect the other end of the connector cable to the Ethernet outlet:
•
When connecting an SA-10 or SA-40 to a PC, use a straight cable.
•
When connecting an AP-10 or WB-10 to a LAN, use a straight
cable.
•
When connecting an AP-10 or WB-10 to a PC, use a crossed cable.
•
When connecting an AP-10 to a WB-10, use a crossed cable.
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
2-4
User’s Guide
Basic Installation
2.6. Check Unit Functionality using LED indicators
Check the unit functionality by using the LEDs on the front panel. The
following tables describe the front panel LEDs for Stations (SA-10, SA-40)
and Bridges (WB-10), and for Access Points.
2.6.1.
Station (SA-10, SA-40) and Bridge (WB-10) LEDs
Name
Description
Functionality
PWR
power supply
On – After successful power up
WLNK
WLAN Link
ETHR
Ethernet activity
Off – Power off
On – Unit is synchronized or associated with an AP
Off – Unit is not synchronized or associated with an AP
On – Reception on Ethernet port
Off – No reception on Ethernet port
QLT
Quality of reception
very low quality reception or
not synchronized with Access Point
less than -81 dBm
low quality reception
(usually enabling 1 Mbps traffic)
from -81 to -77 dBm
medium quality reception
(usually enabling 2 Mbps traffic)
from -77 to -65 dBm
high quality reception
(usually enabling 3 Mbps traffic)
greater than -65 dBm
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
2-5
User’s Guide
Basic Installation
2.6.2.
Access Point LEDs
Name
Description
Functionality
PWR
power supply
On – After successful power up
Off – Power off
INFR
radio interference
Off – No interference
Blinking – Interference Present
ETHR
Ethernet activity
LOAD
WLAN load
Number of associated stations
On – Reception of data from Ethernet LAN that is forwarded to
WLAN (in reject unknown mode)
Off – No reception of data from Ethernet LAN that is forwarded
to WLAN
no stations
1-8 stations
9-16 stations
17 or more stations
2.6.3.
Verifying the Ethernet Connection
Once you have connected the unit to an Ethernet outlet, verify that the
ETHR LED on the front panel is blinking. The ETHR LED should blink
whenever the unit receives LAN traffic.
At the other end of the Ethernet link, verify that the LINK indicator is ON.
For APs the LINK indicator is located on the attached hub port, and for
Station Adapters the LINK indicator is located on the NIC.
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
2-6
User’s Guide
Device Setup and Management
3. DEVICE SETUP AND MANAGEMENT
This chapter explains how to access the local terminal program, and how to
use the terminal program to setup, configure, and manage most BreezeNET
PRO.11 Series units.
The BreezeNET PRO.11 Series is a plug-and-play solution and operates
immediately after physical installation without any user intervention.
However, you can adapt the system to your particular needs using the local
terminal. In addition, all products in the series contain an SNMP agent and
are configurable remotely via the network.
Note: Reset the unit after making configuration changes so that the changes will
take effect.
3.1. Accessing and Using Local Terminal
Management
Þ
To access Local Terminal Management:
1. Use the Monitor cable (supplied with the Access Point) to connect
the MON jack on the rear panel of the unit to the COM port of your
ASCII ANSI terminal or PC.
2. Run a terminal emulation program (such as HyperTerminal™).
3. Set up communication parameters to the following:
•
Baud Rate: 9600
•
Data Bits: 8
•
Stop Bits: 1
•
Parity: None
•
Flow Control: NONE
•
Connector: Connected COM port.
4. Press Enter. The main menu appears.
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
3-1
User’s Guide
Device Setup and Management
Þ
To use Local Terminal Management:
1. Press an option number to open/activate the option. You may need
to press Enter in some cases.
2. Press Esc to exit a menu or option.
3. Reset the unit after making configuration changes.
3.2.
Configuration Screens
Listed below are the menus, sub-menus, and parameters/options in the
terminal program. Default values are listed where applicable. Numbers in
the table below indicate how to reach each option. For example, to reach the
1.2.1 IP Address option, start at the main menu, press 1, then 2, and then 1.
Menu
Sub-Menu
Parameter/Option
1. System
Configuration
1.1 Station
Status
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Default Values
Unit’s Mode
Unit’s H/W Address
Unit’s WLAN Addr (SA-10/40,WB-10)
Station Status (SA-10-40, WB -10 Only)
Total Number of Associations since
last reset (SA-10-40, WB -10 Only)
Current Number of Associations (AP)
Maximum Number of Associations
since last reset (AP)
Current Number of Authentications
(AP)
Maximum Number of Authentications
since last reset (AP)
1.2 IP and
SNMP
Parameters
1.2.1 IP Address
1.2.2 Subnet Mask
1.2.3 Default Gateway Address
1.2.4 SNMP Traps
1.2.5 Display Current Values
Not set
Not set
Not set
Enabled
1.3 Wireless
LAN (WLAN)
Parameters
1.3.1 Hopping Sequence (AP Only)
1.3.2 Hopping Set (AP Only)
1.3.3 ESSID
1.3.4 Maximum Data Rate
1.3.5 Transmit Antenna
1.3.6 Mobility
1.3.7 Load Sharing
1.3.8 Preferred AP (SA-10/40, WB -10 Only)
1.3.A Display Current Values
1 (FCC standard)
1 (FCC standard)
ESSID1
3Mbps
Use 2 Antennas*
Low
Disabled**
Not set
1.4 Bridging
1.4.1 LAN-WLAN Bridge Mode (AP Only)
1.4.2 Intelligent Bridging Period (AP Only)
1.4.3 IP Filtering
1.4.4 Tunneling
1.4.5 Broadcast Relaying
1.4.6 Unicast Relaying
Reject Unknown
15 sec
Disabled
Both
Enabled
Enabled
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
3-2
User’s Guide
Device Setup and Management
Menu
Sub-Menu
Parameter/Option
1.5 Station
Control
1.5.1 Reset Unit
1.5.2 Load Factory Defaults
1.6.Security
1.6.1 Authentication Algorithm
1.6.2 Default Key ID
1.6.3 Preauthentication
A. WEP Default Key #1
B WEP Default Key #2
C. WEP Default Key #3
D. WEP Default Key #4
(Not activated)
2. Advanced
Settings
2.1 Translation
Mode
Open System Key
#1
Disabled
User defined User
defined User
defined User
defined
Enabled
2.2.1 Max Number of Scanning
2.2.2 Roaming Decision Window
2.2.3 Roaming Decision Numerator
2.2.4 Roaming Decision RSSI Threshold
2.2.5 Jogging Decision RSSI Threshold
2.2.6 Number of Beacons for Disconnect
Decision
2.2.7 Number of Probe Responses
Neighboring Beacon Rate
70
10
60
65
2.3 Performance
2.3.1 Dwell Time (AP Only)
2.3.2 RTS Threshold
2.3.3 Max Number of Re-Transmissions
2.3.4 Number of Dwells to Re-Transmit
2.3.5 Max Multicast Rate
2.3.6 Power Saving (Not activated)
2.3.7 DTIM Period (Not activated)
2.3.8 IP Stack
2.3.9 Acknowledge Delay
128 millisecs
120 bytes
1 Mbps
Disabled
Enabled
Regular
2.4 Radio
2.4.1 Hopping Standard
2.4.2 Display Site Proprietary Sequences
2.4.3 Power Level
2.4.4 Carrier Semse Level
2.4.5 Carrier Sense Difference Level
US FCC
User defined
High
50
14
2.5 Rate
2.5.1 Multi – Rate Support
2.5.2 Multi – Rate Decision window Size
Enabled
2.6 AP
Redundancy
Support
Enter New AP Redundancy Support
Decision Period (in seconds)
Disabled
2.7 Maintenance
2.7.1 Auto Calibration
2.7.2 Wait for association Address
2.7.3 Japan Call sign
Enabled
Wait for update
3.1 System
Counters
3.1.1 Display Ethernet and WLAN
Counters
3.1.2 Display Rate Counters
3.1.3 Display Rx Packets per Frequency
3.1.4 Reset All Counters
3.1.5 Power Saving Counters
3.2 Survey
Software
3.2.1 Operation Mode (Rx/Tx)
3.2.2 Start Statistics
2.2 Roaming
3. Site Survey
Default Values
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
3-3
Sent every 40
dwell times
Rx
User’s Guide
Device Setup and Management
Menu
Sub-Menu
Parameter/Option
3.2.3 Stop Statistics
Default Values
3.3 Event Log
3.3.1 Display Event Log
3.3.2 Erase Event Log
3.3.3 Event Storage Policy
From level
warning up
3.4 Display
Neighboring
AP’s
4. Access
Control
4.1 Change Access Rights
4.2 Change Installer Password
4.3 Show Current Access Right
* Option 1.3.5 Transmit Antenna has the default value Use #2 for the SA-40
unit only.
** Option 1.3.7 Load Sharing has the default value Enabled for the AP-10
unit only.
3.3. Main Menu
PRO.11 Series
Unit Model (SA-10, SA-40, WB-10, AP-10)
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series (SA-10)
Version :
4.3.10
Date: 15 Feb 1999 23:49:56
Software
Version
BreezeNET Monitor
==================
1 – System Configuration
2 – Advanced Settings
3 – Site Survey
4 – Access Control
Select option >
Figure 3.1: Main Menu
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
3-4
User’s Guide
Device Setup and Management
3.4. System Configuration Menu
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series (SA-10)
Version :
4.3.10
Date: 15 Feb 1999 23:49:56
System Configuration menu
=========================
1 - Station Status
2 - IP and SNMP Parameters
3 - Wireless LAN Parameters
4 – Bridging
5 - Station Control
6 – Security
Select option >
Figure 3.2: System Configuration Menu
3.4.1.
Station Status
Station Status is a read-only sub-menu that displays the current values of the
following parameters:
•
Unit Mode – Identifies the unit’s function. For example, if the unit is an
Access Point, “AP” appears in this field. If the unit is a Station Adapter
(SA-10, SA-40) or a WB-10, "SA" appears in this field.
•
Unit H/W Address – Displays the unit’s unique IEEE MAC address.
•
Unit WLAN Address (SA or WB) – The address by which the unit
associates. For the SA-10, this is the address of the PC. For the SA-40
and WB-10, this is the address of the hardware. This field does not
appear when the unit is an AP.
•
Station Status (SA or WB) – Current status of the station. There are
three options:
•
Scanning - The station is searching for an AP with which to
associate.
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
3-5
User’s Guide
Device Setup and Management
•
Sync Waiting for Address - (this option is relevant only to the SA10). The station is synchronized with an AP but has not yet learned
its WLAN MAC address. The AP does not forward packets to the
station when it is in this mode.
•
Associated - The station is associated with an AP and has adopted
the attached PC MAC address (for SA-10) or uses the unit’s H/W
address (SA-40 and WB-10), and is receiving packets from the LAN.
•
AP Address (Station Only) – MAC Address of the AP with which the
unit is currently associated.
•
Total Number of Associations since last reset – Total number of
stations currently associated with an AP.
•
Current Number of Associations (AP Only) – Total number of
stations currently associated with an AP.
•
Maximum Number of Associations since last reset (AP Only – For
stations, this indicates the total number of associations and
disassociations with various AP’s. This is usually an indication of
roaming. When the unit is an AP, this field indicates how many stations
are currently associated with this particular AP.
•
Current Number of Authentications (AP Only) – The current number
of stations that are authenticated to this AP, including stations that are
“pre-authenticated” and not associated to this AP.
•
Maximum Number of Authentications since last reset (AP Only) –
The number of authentications (and “preauthentications”) to this AP;
since it was last reset. This number includes stations that were
disauthenticated for different reasons.
3.4.2.
IP and SNMP Parameters
All BreezeNET PRO.11 units contain IP Host software. This software is
used for testing the unit for SNMP management functions and for
downloading software upgrades using the TFTP protocol.
•
IP Address – IP address of the unit.
•
Subnet Mask – Subnet mask of the unit.
•
Default Gateway Address – Gateway address of the unit.
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
3-6
User’s Guide
Device Setup and Management
•
SNMP Traps – Whether this unit sends SNMP traps. If enabled, when
an event occurs, a trap is sent to the defined host address (see section
8.1.2 for a list of traps). You can configure the host address to which the
traps are sent through SNMP management.
•
Display Current Values – Displays information concerning the current
status of all IP-related items.
3.4.3.
Wireless LAN (WLAN) Parameters
The WLAN Parameters Menu contains the following options:
•
Hopping Sequence (AP Only) – Hopping sequence of the unit.
A hopping sequence is a pre-defined series of channels (frequencies) that
are used in a specific, pseudo-random order as defined in the sequence.
The unit “hops” from frequency to frequency according to the selected
sequence. When more than one AP is co-located in the same area (even
if they are not part of the same network) it is recommended to assign a
different hopping sequence to each AP.
Hopping sequences are grouped in three hopping sets. The hopping set
selected in the Hopping Set screen (see next parameter) determines
which hopping sequences are available in this screen. When setting up
multiple APs in the same site, always choose hopping sequences from
the same hopping set. This reduces the possibility of collisions on the
WLAN.
This parameter is set only in AP-10 PRO.11 Access Point. It is not
accessible from any other BreezeNET PRO.11 unit. All other stations
learn it from the Access Point during the association process. Different
co-located WLAN segments should use different hopping sequences.
•
Hopping Set (AP Only) – Hopping set (between 1 and 3) of the unit.
Hopping sequences are grouped in several hopping sets. The hopping set
selected in this screen determines which hopping sequences are available
in the Hopping Sequence screen (see previous parameter). Always use
the same hopping set per site.
Following is the list of hopping sequences and sets for each country.
The default value for all countries is:
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
3-7
User’s Guide
Device Setup and Management
Hopping Sequence=1, Hopping Set=1.
•
ESSID – ESSID of the unit (up to 32 printable ASCII characters). The
ESSID is a string used to identify a WLAN. This ID prevents the
unintentional merging of two co-located WLANs. A station can only
associate with an AP that has the same ESSID. Use different ESSIDs to
segment the WLAN network and add security.
Note: The ESSID is case-sensitive.
•
Maximum Data Rate – Maximum data rate of the unit. BreezeNET
PRO.11 units operate at 1 Mbps, 2 Mbps or 3 Mbps. The unit adaptively
selects the highest possible rate for transmission. Under certain
conditions (compatibility reasons or for range/speed trade-off) you may
decide to limit the use of higher rates.
•
Transmit Antenna – Which antennas are used for transmission. During
reception, a BreezeNET PRO.11 unit dynamically selects the antenna
where reception is optimal. In contrast, before transmission the unit
selects the antenna from which it will transmit. It usually uses the
antenna last used for successful transmission. In models with external
antennas, sometimes only a single antenna is used. In this case, Transmit
Antenna should be configured to transmit only from that single antenna.
Similarly, models using a booster or an LNA use only a single antenna
for transmission. There are three possibilities for configuration:
•
Use Two Antennas
Use Antenna No. 1 only
Use Antenna No. 2 only
Mobility – BreezeNET PRO.11 stations optimize their roaming
algorithms according to the mobility mode parameter. For example, a
stationary station is more tolerant of bad propagation conditions. It
assumes that this is a temporary situation and is not caused by the station
changing position. Initiating a roaming procedure in such a case would
be counter-productive. In general, Wireless stations can be used in one
of three mobility modes:
•
High – For stations that may move at speeds of over 30 km per hour.
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
3-8
User’s Guide
Device Setup and Management
•
Medium – For stations that may move at speeds of over 10 km per
hour, but not over 30 km per hour.
•
Low – For stations that will not move at speeds of over 10 km per
hour. Low is the default value. In most cases this is the best choice.
•
Load Sharing – When installing a Wireless LAN network in a hightraffic environment; you can increase the aggregate throughput by
installing multiple APs to create co-located cells. When load sharing is
enabled, the wireless stations distribute themselves evenly among the
APs to best divide the traffic between the APs.
•
Preferred AP – AP MAC (Ethernet) address of the preferred AP. You
can configure a station to prefer a specific AP unit. When the station
powers up, it will associate with the preferred AP even if the signal from
that AP is lower than the signal from other APs. The station will roam to
another AP only if it stops receiving beacons from the preferred AP.
•
Display Current Values – This read-only status screen displays current
WLAN parameters. Press any key to return to the WLAN Parameters
Menu.
3.4.4.
Bridging
The Bridging Menu contains the following options:
•
•
LAN to WLAN Bridging Mode (AP Only) – The options are:
•
Reject Unknown – Type 0 to allow transmission of packets only to
stations that the AP knows to exist in the Wireless LAN (behind the
Wireless Bridge).
•
Forward Unknown – Type 1 to allow transmission of all packets
except those sent to stations that the AP recognizes as being on its
wired Ethernet side. When connecting very large networks; it is
recommended to set this parameter to forward unknown.
Intelligent Bridging Period (AP Only) – Intelligent bridging enables
smooth roaming of WB-10 units. When intelligent bridging is enabled,
the AP goes into a special bridging mode for a fixed amount of time
whenever a wireless bridge (WB) roams into its area. This mode causes
the AP to forward packets destined for the stations behind the WB-10.
Even though, they are known or were learned from the wired side
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
3-9
User’s Guide
Device Setup and Management
(except that no learning of the wired LAN will take place). Afterwards,
the AP will switch back to Reject Unknown bridging mode.
This procedure prevents packets destined for stations behind the bridge
from getting lost. The value of this parameter is the length of time in
seconds that the AP will remain in special mode.
•
IP Filtering – Whether IP filtering is enabled for the unit. Enable IP
Filtering to filter out any other protocol (such as IPX) if you want that
only IP traffic will pass through the WLAN.
•
Tunneling – Whether the unit performs Apletalk or IPX tunneling.
•
Disable Appletalk Tunneling. This parameter allows to disable or
enable (default) Appletalk tunneling; if the network contains a mix of
Ethertalk1 (ET1) and Ethertalk2 (ET2) stations to ensure smooth
communications. Be sure to set all units to the same tunneling
setting.
•
Disable IPX Tunneling. This parameter allows to disable or enable
(default) IPX tunneling; if the IPX protocol is running over your
network. Be sure to set all units to the same tunneling setting.
•
Broadcast Relaying (AP Only) – When Broadcast Relaying is enabled,
Broadcast packets originated in WLAN devices are transmitted by the
AP back to the WLAN devices, as well as to the LAN. If it is disabled,
these packets are sent only to the local wired LAN and are not sent back
to the WLAN. Disable Broadcast Relaying only if you know that all
Broadcast messages from the WLAN will be destined to the wired LAN.
•
Unicast Relaying – When Unicast Relaying is enabled, Unicast packets
originated in WLAN devices can be transmitted back to the WLAN
devices. If this parameter is disabled, these packets are not sent to the
WLAN even if they are intended for devices on the WLAN. Disable
Unicast Relaying only if you know that all Unicast messages from the
WLAN will be destined to the local wired LAN.
Note:
Notice that some of the most common internet applications use peer-to-peer traffic, such
as “chat”, ICQ and even internet browsing between a client and a server which are connected
wirelessly on the same subnet. Disabling Broadcast or Unicast relaying will cause such applications
to become unavailable.
3.4.5.
Station Control
The Station Control Menu contains the following options:
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
3-10
User’s Guide
Device Setup and Management
•
Reset Unit – Resets the BreezeNET PRO.11 unit and applies any
changes made to the system parameters.
•
Set Factory Defaults –When this option is implemented, system
parameters revert back to the original factory default settings. There are
two options:
•
Full – All parameters revert to defaults except for the Hopping
Standard and Japan Call Sign (if applicable).
•
Partial – All parameters revert except for the Hopping Standard and
Japan Call Sign (if applicable), IP Address, SubNet Mask, Default
Gateway, Hopping Sequence, Hopping Set, ESSID, Transmit
Antenna, Acknowledge Delay, Preferred AP, IP Filtering, Hopping
Standard, Power Level, Auto Calibration.
3.4.6.
Security
Security options are not activated yet.
The security mechanism involves configuring four different modules:
•
Authentication Algorithm – This module operates in two modes:
•
Open System (Default). There is no privacy implemented by authentication. After
synchronization, a station will send a request for authentication and immediately receive a
“successful authentication” message from the AP.(2 frames)
•
Shared Key authentication (for users with access keys). This option will
activate the WEP cryptographic authentication. After synchronization, a
station will send a request for authentication, the AP will answer with a
“challenge text” (ASCII characters), the station will encrypt this text using
RC4 (not yet implemented) with the encryption key in use and send this text
back to the AP, the AP will decrypt the received message and if it matches the
original text it will send a “successful authentication” message. (4 frames).
The association process will begin only after a successful
authentication (in either system).
•
Default Key ID – In order to authenticate, the value of the key used
by the station and the AP must be identical. During the
authentication process a station must notify the AP which key it
used to encrypt the challenge text. The station will do this by
passing the number of the current default key it uses. The AP and
station must have the same keys (values).
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
3-11
User’s Guide
Device Setup and Management
•
•
Preauthentication – During the authentication process the AP is
notifying the other AP’s connected to the Ethernet backbone to
preauthenticate the station that has been authenticated to this AP. It
is recommended to use this feature when there is plenty of roaming
between the AP’s. Preauthentication must be activated on both the
AP’s and the Station.
WEP Key#1-4 – These 4 Access Keys must be configured before they
can be used. In this screen you may enter the encryption key. The key
is made of 10 Hex (0-9,A-F) characters. In order to change the unit to
work in shared key authentication all four keys must be entered.
Entering zeros (0000000000) which is the default for this parameter
will cause the unit to work in open system authentication.
3.5. Advanced Settings Menu
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series (SA-10)
Version :
4.3.10
Date: 15 Feb 1999 23:49:56
Advanced menu
================
1 – Translation Mode
2 – Roaming
3 – Performance
4 – Radio
5 – Rate
6 - AP Redundancy Support
7 – Maintenance
Select option >
Figure 3.3: Advanced Settings Menu
The following sections describe the important parameters and relevant
information in the Advanced Settings Menu. All menu options can be
viewed by the Installer; However, the modification of certain parameters
from this menu, require the Technician access rights level.
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
3-12
User’s Guide
Device Setup and Management
3.5.1.
Translation Mode (read-only)
The translation of Ethernet packets can be enabled (default) or disable.
3.5.2.
Roaming (read-only)
The Roaming menu contains parameters related to when and how the unit roams from
one AP to another. The following windows can be accessed from the Roaming menu:
•
•
•
·
·
•
•
•
•
3.5.3.
Max. Number of Scanning
Roaming Decision Window
Roaming Decision Numerator
Roaming Decision RSSI Threshold – At what signal strength the unit
roams to another AP
Joining Decision RSSI Threshold – At what signal strength the unit
associates with an AP
Number of Beacons for Disconnect Decision
Number of Probe Responses
Neighboring Beacon Rate
Neighboring AP‘s – Currently known number of AP‘s
Performance
The Performance menu contains parameters regarding unit performance:
•
Dwell Time (AP Only) – The time spent on a radio channel before
hopping to the next channel in the sequence. The default value is 128ms.
•
RTS Threshold (read-only) – Minimum packet size to require an RTS.
For packets smaller than this threshold, an RTS packet is not sent and
the packet is transmitted directly to the WLAN. The threshold is 120
bytes. A station wanting to transmit a packet, first transmits a short
control packet called RTS (Request To Send), which includes the
source, destination, and the duration of the following transaction (i.e. the
packet and the respective ACK). The destination station responds (if the
medium is free) with a response control Packet called CTS (Clear to
Send), which includes the same duration information.
•
Max. Number of Re-Transmissions (read-only) – If a packet was
received with errors or not received at all, the station will not transmit an
ACK (acknowledgement) packet. The station that initiated the first
transmission will try to re-transmit the packet. The number of times the
unit will try to re-transmit this packet is determined by two parameters in
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
3-13
User’s Guide
Device Setup and Management
this menu, Max. Number of Re-Transmissions and Number of Dwells to
Re-Transmit. This parameter can be presented as a counter. This counter
is decreased each time a re-transmission occurs. It will be the minimum
number of times a packet will be re-transmitted.
•
Number of Dwells to Re-Transmit (read-only) – A re-transmission will
be performed after a set number of Dwells. This parameter works in
conjunction with the Max Number of Re-Transmissions parameter.
•
Max Multicast Rate (read-only) – Multicast and Broadcast transmissions
are not yet acknowledged, the chance of error increases. Therefore by
default, the unit will always transmit broadcasts, multicasts and control
frames in the minimum possible rate, 1Mbps.
•
Power Saving – This option is not activated yet.
There are three modes:
•
Disable (Active Mode): The station is Active all the time, uses full
power.
•
Enable (Power Save Mode): In this mode the station has two states:
Awake state, uses full power. Doze (sleep) state, uses
approximately 5% power.
•
Enable and test PM bit. In this mode the station will test every frame
and check if the power management bit is enabled.
Power Management Mechanism:
Stations inform AP about their Power Management Mode (Active or
Power Save). Stations in Power Save Mode are usually in sleep state. A
station will enter awake state in order to transmit data and also from
time to time in known intervals (DTIM period). AP’s maintain a table
indicating the Power Save mode of each associated station. Data
destined for Active Mode stations is sent immediately by AP. Data
destined for Power Save Mode stations is buffered by AP. Every
Beacon includes TIM (Traffic Identification Map). TIM identifies the
stations (by SID) of data buffered in the AP, waiting to be retrieved. If
a station recognizes its address in the TIM, the station will send a PSPOLL (Power Save Poll) to the AP. In response to this, the AP will
forward a data frame buffered for that station.
Aging: If a data frame is buffered in the AP more than 50 seconds, it
will be deleted along with all other frames buffered for that station.
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
3-14
User’s Guide
Device Setup and Management
This process is done every 2 seconds.
Notice that although power save mode is set in the AP it will not effect
the APs’ power consumption, but only the handling and management.
•
DTIM Period (read-only) – This is the number of dwells between
broadcast transmissions of messages for stations in power saving mode.
Note: This option is not activated yet.
•
IP Stack – By default this parameter is enabled. If it is disabled, it will
improve performance, but IP support will not be available.
•
Acknowledge Delay – Acknowledge delay is designed to increase the
performance in links LONGER THAN 20 KM. This parameter increases
the ACK timeout in the units, and therefore allows a more efficient
operation. When a BreezeNET unit transmits a certain packet, it waits
for a pre defined time interval (ACK Timeout) for an ACK packet to be
received. If the ACK is not received during that interval, the unit will
assume the transmission has failed, and will retransmit the packet. In
links longer than 20 km, that ACK timeout is not long enough for the
ACK to arrive to the other side on time, and therefore unnecessary
retransmissions are made, causing the performance to drop. This
parameter increases the ACK timeout and allows the ACK to arrive to
the other side on time, in links longer than 20 km.
Note: Acknowledge delay must be enabled on both sides of the link, when the distance is greater than
20 km. If used in links shorter than 20 km, a significant performance drop may occur.
3.5.4.
Radio
The Radio menu contains the following major parameters:
•
Hopping Standard (read-only) – The Hopping Standard is a set of rules
regarding the radio transmission standard allowed in each country. Units
will work together only if set to the same hopping standard.
•
Power level – Output power level at which the unit is transmitting.
There are two possibilities, Low (4dBm) or High (17 dBm) at the
antenna connector.
•
Carrier Sense Level (read-only) – Before transmission a station will
check if the media is free of other transmissions. This parameter is a
threshold in RSSI units that determines the sensitivity of the Carrier
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
3-15
User’s Guide
Device Setup and Management
Sense mechanism. Signals with a lower RSSI are considered “noise” and
are disregarded by the unit.
•
3.5.5.
Carrier Sense Difference Level (read-only) - Carrier Sense Difference
Level refers to a sudden rise of the signal level. This parameter is the
minimum rise in RSSI units to be considered a Carrier Sense postitive
result, in which case the unit will not attempt to transmit. It is
recommended not to change this parameter
Rate
The Rate me nu contains the following relevant parameters:
•
Multi-Rate Support (read-only) – When this parameter is enabled, the
unit will automatically switch to the best transmission rate at any given
time.
•
Multi-Rate Decision Window Size (read-only) – This parameter indicates
the number of packets to be used for multi-rate decisions. It is
recommended not to change the value of this parameter.
3.5.6.
AP Redundancy Support (read-only)
When the AP identifies the Ethernet wire connection has been disconnected
over a defined time period; it stops transmitting. The default mode is
disabled (the AP continues transmitting even when the link is discontinued).
3.5.7.
Maintenance
The Maintenance menu contains the following major parameters and
information:
•
Auto Calibration – When the unit is started, it performs an internal
self-test. Part of this test is automatic calibration of the DC Offset and
deviation pattern. Auto Calibration is not supported in the “DE” models,
and it therefore must be disabled for “DE” units.
•
Wait for Association Address (SA only) – For the SA-10, the
Association address is the MAC address of the NIC (Network interface
Card) card that the station is connected to through the Ethernet UTP port
(usually the Ethernet card of the PC). The station uses the Association
Address as its identification in the Wireless Cell (WLAN address).
When a station is first connected to an ethernet port, it waits for the
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
3-16
User’s Guide
Device Setup and Management
Association Address update over the Ethernet. You can also have the
device use its own MAC address (Use Mine) for testing purposes, in
which case there will not be a proper network connection.
3.6. Site Survey Menu
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series (SA-10)
Version :
4.3.10
Date: 15 Feb 1999 23:49:56
Site Survey menu
================
1 - System Counters
2 - Survey Software
3 – Event Log
4 – Display Neighboring AP’s
Select option >
Figure 3.4: Site Survey Menu
The Site Survey Menu gives access to the sub-menus necessary to perform a
Site Survey that helps you position your units and align their antennas, as
well as perform troubleshooting.
The following sections first describe the sub-menus in the Site Survey
menu, and then explain step-by-step how to perform a Site Survey. The Site
Survey menu contains four sub-menus:
•
System Counters
•
Survey Software
•
Event Log
•
Display Neighboring AP’s
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
3-17
User’s Guide
Device Setup and Management
3.6.1.
System Counters
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series (AP-10)
Version :
4.3.10
Date: 15 Feb 1999 23:49:56
System Counters menu
====================
1 - Display Ethernet and WLAN Counters
2 - Display Rate Counters
3 - Display Rx packets per frequency
4 - Reset All Counters
5 - Power Saving Counters
Select option >
Figure 3.4b: Systems Counters Menu
The System counters are a simple yet very efficient tool to monitor, interpret
and analyze the Wireless LAN performance. The counters contain statistics
concerning Wireless and Ethernet frames.
The submenu contains the following options:
•
Display Ethernet and WLAN Counters – Choose this option to
display the current value of the Ethernet and Wireless counters.
Ethernet Counters
Ethernet counters display statistics about the unit’s Ethernet port activity.
The unit receives Ethernet frames from its UTP port and forwards them to
its internal bridge, which decides whether or not to transmit them to the
Wireless LAN. The units have a smart hardware filter mechanism which
filters most of the frames on the LAN, and hardware filtered frames are not
counted.
On the other side, frames which where received from the wireless LAN and
some frames generated by the unit (answers to SNMP queries and pings
which reached to the unit via the UTP port), will be transmitted to the UTP
port.
Available Counters:
•
Total Received frames – The total number of frames received from the
UTP port. This counter includes both bad and good frames.
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
3-18
User’s Guide
Device Setup and Management
•
Received Bad Frames – The number of frames with errors received
from the UTP port. High values (more than just a few) indicate a
problem in the UTP connection such as a bad UTP cable or hub port.
•
Received good frames – The number of good frames (i.e. frames with
no errors) received from the UTP port.
•
Forwarded to the bridge – The number of received frames that were
forwarded to the unit’s internal bridge. This counter should be equal to
the number of good frames unless the internal bridge is overloaded.
•
Missed Frames – Frames that the unit recognized but failed to read due
to internal bridge overload. This counter should equal zero unless the
internal bridge is overloaded.
•
Transmitted to Ethernet – The number of frames transmitted by the
unit to the UTP port. These mainly include frames that have been
received from the Wireless side, but also includes frames generated by
the unit itself.
Wireless LAN Counters
Wireless counters display statistics about the unit’s Wireless LAN activity.
Transmission to the wireless media includes data frames received from the
UTP ports, as well as self generated control and management frames. When
a data frame is transmitted, the unit will wait for an acknowledge from the
receiving side. If an acknowledge is not received, the unit will retransmit the
frame until it gets an acknowledge (there are no retransmissions for control
frames). If the unit has retransmitted a frame for the maximum number of
retransmissions (refer to section 3.5.3) it will stop re-transmitting the frame
and drop this frame.
Available Counters:
•
Total Transmitted Frames – The number of frames transmitted to the
wireless media. The count includes the first transmission of data
frames (without retransmissions), and the number of control and
management frames.
Notice that an AP continuously transmits a control frame called
beacon in every frequency to which it hops, in order to publish its
existence and keep its associated stations synchronized. Thus, the total
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
3-19
User’s Guide
Device Setup and Management
transmitted frames counter will get high values even if the AP-10 is
not connected to an active LAN.
•
Total Transmitted Frames (Bridge) - The total number of data
frames transmitted to the wireless media (i.e. frames that were received
form the UTP port and forwarded to the internal bridge which decided
to transmit them to the wireless media).
•
Total Transmitted Data Frames – This counter is similar to the
above but counts only data frames. In most BreezeNET PRO.11 units,
the number of total transmitted frames and total transmitted frames
(bridge) are identical. In the case of the AP, due to the inclusion of
beacon frames, this number will be higher than that for Total
transmitted frames.
•
Frames Dropped (too many retries) – The number of frames which
were dropped since they were retransmitted for the maximum number
of allowed retransmissions and weren’t acknowledged.
•
Total Transmitted Fragments – The total number of transmitted
frames. The count includes data, control and management frames, and
the number of retransmissions of data frames (for example, if the same
data frame is retransmitted ten times, the count will increase ten times).
•
Total Retransmitted Fragments – The total number of
retransmissions of data frames (for example, if the same data frame is
retransmitted ten times then the count will increase ten times). In a
point-to-point application, this counter should relatively correspond to
the number of bad fragments received on the other side.
•
Total Tx Errors – The number of transmit errors that have occurred.
Currently this counter also includes normal situations where a
fragment has not been transmitted because the dwell time has elapsed.
•
Internally Discarded – The number of frames that the AP discarded
due to a buffer overflow. Frame discard will occur mainly when the
wireless conditions are bad and the unit is busy re-transmitting frames
and doesn’t have time for handling new frames.
•
Power Saving Aged – The AP buffers frames for stations in a power
saving sleep mode. This counter counts the number of frames dropped
by the AP because a station did not wake up for a long time.
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
3-20
User’s Guide
Device Setup and Management
•
Power Saving Free Entries – Number of free buffers (one frame
each) available for power save management. These buffers hold
messages for stations that only periodically make contact with the AP
due to power considerations.
•
Total Received Frames - The number of frames received from the
wireless media. The count includes data and control frames (including
beacons received from AP’s).
•
Total Received Data Frames – The number of data frames received
from the wireless media.
•
Total Received Fragments – The total number of frames received,
including data, control and duplicate data frames (see duplicates and
dwell timeouts parameter below).
•
Bad Fragments Received – The number of frames received from the
WLAN with errors. In a point-to-point application, this counter should
relatively correspond to the number of retransmitted fragments on the
other side.
•
Duplicates and Dwell timeouts – When a unit receives a frame; it
sends an acknowledgement for it. If the acknowledge is lost, than it
receives a second copy of the same frame, since the other side thinks
this frame was not received. Although duplicate frames are count, only
the first copy of the frame is forward to the UTP port.
•
Display Rate Counters – Displays contents of packets at each rate. The
AP displays counters per station.
•
Display Rx Packets per Frequency - Histogram of the number of
frames received on each channel. This graph is explained fully in section
3.6.6 , Using the Rx Packets per Frequency Histogram.
•
Reset Counters - Choose this option to reset all the counters. After
choosing this option, you will be requested to type 1 for confirmation or
0 to cancel the reset.
•
Power Saving Counters – Displays the power saving per station, the
number of transmitted frames and the number of discarded frames. This
applies only to AP’s.
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
3-21
User’s Guide
Device Setup and Management
3.6.2.
Survey Software
The Survey Software sub-menu enables you to align antennas and to assess
the radio signal quality of a point-to-point link. The sub-menu includes the
following options:
•
Operation Mode – When running a Site Survey, set the units on either
side of the link to either receive (option 1) or transmit (option 2) packets
(one unit should be set to transmit and the other to receive). Option 0
(Idle mode) is not active at present.
•
Start Statistics – Press 2 and then press any digit to start Site Survey.
•
Stop Statistics – Press 3 and then press any key to stop update of Site
Survey statistics.
3.6.3.
Event Log
•
Display Event Log - The last four error messages that the unit displayed
since the last Factory Defaults reset. The Event log stores events in four
levels of error notifications: Message, Warning, Error, and Fatal.
•
Erase Event Log – Erase a specific event log.
•
Event Storage Policy – Defines storage level for the event log.
The following are the levels which events are stored in log:
0 - Store all events (beginning at message level)
1 - Store all events from warning level up
2 - Store all events from error level up
3 - Store fatal events only
3.6.4.
Display Neighboring AP’s
Displays neighboring AP’s on the same ESS. The information displayed in
this option refers to the CURRENT or NEIGHBOR AP that the station can
hear. The following information is displayed.
•
The MAC Address of the AP described.
•
Good or bad frames: The number of frames, out of the total number of
frames received from the current AP, that are considered “good or bad”.
A frame is considered good or bad; if it was received in an RSSI level
higher or lower than the value set at the “Roaming Decision RSSI
Threshold” parameter (see “Roaming” on section 3.5.2).
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
3-22
User’s Guide
Device Setup and Management
•
Total: The number of frames set as the “Roaming Decision Window” 10 in the example shown above (see “Roaming” on section 3.5.2).
•
avr RSSI: The average RSSI level of the total number of frames (only
includes the frames received without errors).
•
bcn cnt: (Beacon Count) - How many dwells have passed since the last
beacon has been received.
•
Load: The number of stations currently associated with the descried AP.
This parameter will be displayed only when “Load Sharing’” (page 24)
is Enabled.
3.6.5.
Þ
Using the Site Survey Software
To use the Site Survey Software:
1. Roughly, align the antennas on either side of the link before
starting the Site Survey procedure.
2. Verify that the Ethernet cables are disconnected from both units.
3. Press 1 to go to the Operation mode screen. Set the units on either
side of the link to either receive (option 1) or transmit (option 2)
packets (one unit should be set to transmit and the other to receive).
4. Start the survey by selecting option (2) in the Survey Software
menu in both units. When performing a site survey from a station
to an AP (transmitting from the station to the AP), always begin
with the station (select option (2) on the station).
5. On the transmit side, a screen appears displaying a table with the
number of packets and the frequency at which each packet was
transmitted (refer to Figure 3.5). This list is updated continuously.
Select option (3) to stop sending packets.
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
3-23
User’s Guide
Device Setup and Management
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series (AP-10)
Version :
4.3.10
Date: 15 Feb 1999 23:49:56
# Tx Packets Channel
37
10
30
28
44
35
12
48
76
10
42
Figure 3.5: Transmit Statistics
6. On the receive side of the link, the screen displays a table showing
the packet number received, the antenna port that was selected for
the reception, the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) for
each antenna, the bit error rate, the frequency at which each packet
was transmitted, the data rate at which the packet was transmitted,
and the quality of the signal (refer to Figure 3.6). Use only the
RSSI reading from the selected antenna.
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series (AP-10)
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
3-24
User’s Guide
Device Setup and Management
Version :
4.3.10
Date: 15 Feb 1999
23:49:56
#Pack Ant RSSI1 RSSI2 Bit_Err Freq Rate Quality
58
108
91
19
3 ###########
59
110
112
42
3 ###########
60
86
88
14
3 ########...
61
109
112
46
3 ###########
62
109
107
24
3 ###########
63
108
106
22
3 ###########
64
112
108
33
3 ###########
65
111
107
25
3 ###########
66
111
111
41
3 ###########
67
111
110
79
3 ###########
68
115
111
64
3 ###########
69
115
111
65
3 ###########
70
111
111
56
3 ###########
71
110
111
55
3 ###########
Figure 3.6: Receive Statistics
7. The RSSI is given in arbitrary units. Use the following graph
(Figure 3.7) to correlate RSSI to dBm.
RSSI Vs. dBm
130
120
110
RSSI Value
100
90
80
70
60
50
-30
-40
-45
-50
-55
-60
-65
-70
-75
-78
-81
-83
-85
RF Level [dbm]
Figure 3.7: RSSI to dBm Graph
8. Re-align the antennas until the maximum received signal strength
is obtained. As you align the antennas, you will see that the RSSI
(received signal strength indicator) continually increases until it
reaches a certain level after which the RSSI begins to decrease.
This is the maximum attainable RSSI level indicating optimum
receive antenna alignment.
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
3-25
User’s Guide
Device Setup and Management
9. Switch the functions of either side of the link (set the transmit unit
to receive and the receive unit to transmit) and repeat the procedure
to check the link from the opposite direction.
3.6.6.
Using the Rx Packets per Frequency Histogram
Use the Display Rx Packets per Frequency option to see a histogram of the
number of frames received on each channel.
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series (AP-10)
Version :
4.3.10
Date:
15 Feb 1999
23:49:56
Max = 187
Min = 112
## ##
####
###
## ######## ######
# # #
# ##
## # #
##
# ######## # ### ##
## # #
## # ##
####### ## ######################################################### ########
#############################################################################
+10
+20
+30
+40
+50
+60
+70
Hit any key to return >
Figure 3.8: Display Rx Packets per Frequency
Each point of the histogram line corresponds to a frequency. The base
frequency appears at the far left, and gradations are marked in steps of ten
along the line. A hash represents each packet received on a given frequency
(#). The Max and Min values indicate the highest and lowest number of
frames received across all frequencies. This graph is very useful for tracking
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
3-26
User’s Guide
Device Setup and Management
interference. Frequencies with low numbers of packets received probably
have more interference than other frequencies.
3.7. Access Control Menu
Access Control functions enable the System Administrator or Installer to
limit the access to the Local Terminal Maintenance setup and configuration
menus.
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series (AP-10)
Version :
4.3.10
Date: 15 Feb 1999 23:49:56
Access Control menu
===================
1 - Change Access Rights
2 - Change Installer Password
S - Show Current Access Right
Select option >
Figure 3.9: Access Control Menu
The Access Control menu includes the following options:
•
Change Access Rights – This screen determines the level of access
rights to the BreezeNET PRO.11 unit’s setup and configuration menus.
When the unit is first installed, the default setting is option (1), Installer
and the default password is “user”:
•
User – The Local Terminal Management menus are read-only for a
user who does not possess the correct password. The ESSID and
security parameters are hidden by asterisks (*) at this level.
•
Installer – The installer has access to configure all required
parameters in the system configuration menu, as well as some of the
advanced settings. Access is password-protected. After
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
3-27
User’s Guide
configuration, the installer should change access rights to option (0),
User. The installer can also change the installer password (see next
parameter).
•
Technician – Only a Certified BreezeCOM Engineer possessing the
correct password can select this option to configure all the
parameters and settings.
•
Change Installer Password – Type in the new password according to
the directions on screen. This screen changes the installer password to
prevent unauthorized persons from making any changes in system
configuration and setup. The password is limited to eight printable
ASCII characters. This option is not available at User level.
•
Show Current Access Right – This read-only screen presents the
current access right configuration.
Important: If you change the Installer password do not forget it, or you will be
unable to change the unit's access rights.
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
3-28
User’s Guide
Planning and Installing Wireless LANs
4. PLANNING AND INSTALLING
WIRELESS LANS
This chapter describes various possible system configurations, lists points to
consider when performing indoor and outdoor installations, presents
guidelines and restrictions regarding external antenna installation. It also
describes some antennas that work well with BreezeNET PRO.11 units.
4.1. System Configurations
This chapter describes various wireless LAN configurations, and how to set
them up:
•
Single Cell Configuration – The wireless LAN consists of an Access
Point and the wireless workstations associated with it.
•
Overlapping Cell Configuration – The wireless LAN consists of two
or more adjacent Access Points whose coverage slightly overlaps.
•
Multicell Configuration – The wireless LAN consists of several Access
Points installed in the same location. This creates a common coverage
area that increases aggregate throughput.
•
Multi-Hop Configuration – The wireless LAN contains AP-WB pairs
that extend the range of the wireless LAN.
Many wireless LANs contain several of these configurations at different
points in system. The Single Cell configuration is the most basic, and the
other configurations build upon it.
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
4-2
User’s Guide
Planning and Installing Wireless LANs
4.1.1.
Single Cell Configuration
A basic BreezeNET cell consists of an Access Point and the wireless
workstations associated with it. You can convert most workstations (PCs,
X-Terminals, Apple, Digital, SUN, HP, IBM and others) that are equipped
with an Ethernet network interface card (NIC) to wireless workstations
simply by connecting a BreezeNET SA-10 PRO.11 Station Adapter.
There are three types of Single Cell Configuration:
•
Point-to-Point
•
Point-to-Multipoint
•
Mobile Applications
Each type is explained in the following sections.
4.1.1.1
Point-to-Point
Point-to-Point installations (refer to Figure 5.1) require directional antennas
at either end of the link. To select the best antenna for a specific application,
consider the following factors:
•
Distance between sites
•
Required throughput
•
Clearance between sites
•
Cable length.
Refer to the range tables (section 4.2.7) to determine the best combination of
antennas for your application.
4.1.1.2
Point-to-Multipoint
Point-to-Multipoint applications consist of one or more APs at the central
site and several remote stations and bridges (SA-10, SA-40, WB-10). In this
case, use an Omni antenna with the Access Point because of its 360 °
radiated pattern. Ι n the United States, the Omni-8 antenna (which also has a
360 ° radiated pattern but has a wider range) can also be used. The Omni-8
antenna comes with 20ft. of low loss cable and a mast mount bracket for
rooftop installations.
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
4-3
User’s Guide
Planning and Installing Wireless LANs
The remote units should use directional antennas aimed in the direction of
the AP’s antenna(s).
4.1.1.3
Mobile Applications
In mobile applications, station orientation changes continuously. In order to
maintain connectivity throughout the entire coverage area, most mobile
applications require omni-directional antennas for both Access Points and
wireless stations. In a motor vehicle, for example, you can install an SA-10
in the cabin, and mount the antennas on the roof.
4.1.1.4
Extending the LAN with WLAN Bridging
The figures below demonstrate how the WB-10 can be used to extend a
regular network with a wireless link.
Disclaimer: This diagram is for illustrative purposes only. It should not be
confused with the transceiver operating in a standalone mode. When this
diagram is in use, the transceiver will be used in conjunction with amp
model
AMP-2400S-250/500 and the antennas listed in this manual.
Figure 5.1: Connecting Remote Offices to Main Office Network
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
4-4
User’s Guide
Planning and Installing Wireless LANs
The WB-10 PRO.11 also enables connectivity between a wireless LAN and
individual workstations or workgroups located outside the LAN. The
WB-10 PRO.11 enables these wireless stations in its coverage area to
communicate with the wireless LAN and gain access to all of the network
resources such as file servers, printers and shared databases.
Figure 5.2: Wireless Bridging Between Two or More Wireless LAN Segments
4.1.1.5
Þ
Setting Up a Single BreezeNET Cell
To set up a single BreezeNET cell:
1. Install the Access Point (refer to section 2, Basic Installation). Be
sure to position the Access Point as high as possible.
Note: It is not necessary at this point to connect the Access Point to an Ethernet
backbone, since Access Points continuously transmit signals (beacon
frames) whether they are connected to an Ethernet backbone or not.
2. Install a Station Adapter (refer to section 2, Basic Installation).
3. Check the LED indicators of the front panel of the Station Adapter,
to check signal strength.
4. Make any necessary adjustments, for example:
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
4-5
User’s Guide
Planning and Installing Wireless LANs
•
Adjust the antennas
•
Adjust the location of the Station Adapter
•
Adjust the location of the Access Point
5. Proceed to setup the other workstations.
Figure 5.3: Single Cell Configuration
Disclaimer: This diagram is for illustrative purposes only. It should not be
confused with the transceiver operating in a standalone mode. When this diagram
is in use, the transceiver will be used in conjunction with amp model
AMP-2400S-250/500 and the antennas listed in this manual.
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
4-6
User’s Guide
Planning and Installing Wireless LANs
4.1.2.
Overlapping Cell Configuration
When two adjacent Access Points are positioned close enough to each other,
a part of the coverage area of Access Point #1 overlaps that of Access Point
#2. This overlapping area has two very important attributes:
•
Any workstation situated in the overlapping area can associate and
communicate with either Access Point #1 or Access Point #2.
•
Any workstation can move seamlessly through the overlapping coverage
areas without losing its network connection. This attribute is called,
Seamless Roaming.
Figure 5.4: Three Overlapping Cells
Þ
To set up overlapping BreezeNET cells:
1. Install an Access Point (refer to section 2, Basic Installation). Be
sure to position the Access Point as high as possible.
2. Install the second Access Point so that the two are positioned closer
together than the prescribed distance (refer to section Error!
Reference source not found.).
3. To allow roaming, configure all Access Points and stations adapters
to the same ESSID.
4. To improve collocation and performance, configure all Access
Points to different hopping sequences of the same hopping set.
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
4-7
User’s Guide
Planning and Installing Wireless LANs
5. Install a Station Adapter or SA-PCR Card on a workstation.
6. Position the wireless workstation approximately the same distance
from the two Access Points.
7. Temporarily disconnect the first Access Point from the power
supply. Verify radio signal reception from the first Access Point.
View the LED indicators of the front panel of the Station Adapter,
or the Site Survey application of the SA-PCR Card, to check signal
strength of the first Access Point.
8. Disconnect the second Access Point from the power supply and reconnect the first Access Point. View the LED indicators of the front
panel of the Station Adapter, or the Site Survey application of the
SA-PCR Card, to check signal strength of the second Access Point.
7. If necessary, adjust the distance between the Access Points so the
coverage areas overlap.
8. Continue setting up overlapping cells until the required area is
covered.
Note: It is not necessary at this point to connect the Access Points to an Ethernet
backbone, since Access Points continuously transmit signals (beacon
frames) whether they are connected to an Ethernet backbone or not.
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
4-8
User’s Guide
Planning and Installing Wireless LANs
4.1.3.
Multicell Configuration
Areas congested by many users and a heavy traffic load may require a
multicell structure. In a multicell structure, several Access Points are
installed in the same location. Each Access Point has the same coverage
area, thereby creating a common coverage area that increases aggregate
throughput. Any workstation in the overlapping area can associate and
communicate with any Access Point covering that area.
Þ
To set up a BreezeNET multicell:
1. Calculate the number of Access Points needed as follows: Multiply
the number of active users by the required throughput per user, and
divide the result by 1.5Mbps (net throughput supported by
collocated Access Points). Consider the example of 5 active
stations, each requiring 0.5 Mbps throughput. The calculation is
(5*.5)/1.5=1.6. Two Access Points should be used. This method is
accurate only for the first few Access Points.
The aggregate throughput of the common coverage area is equal to
the number of co-located Access Points, multiplied by the
throughput of each individual Access Point, minus a certain amount
of degradation caused by the interference among the different
Access Points.
2. Install several Access Points in the same location a few meters
from each other so they cover the same area. Be sure to position the
Access Points as high as possible.
3. To allow roaming and redundancy, configure all Access Points and
stations adapters to the same ESSID.
4. To improve collocation and performance, configure all Access
Points to different hopping sequences of the same hopping set.
5. Install Station Adapters or SA-PCR Cards on workstations.
6. Make sure that the Load Sharing option is activated. Stations will
automatically associate with an Access Point that is less loaded and
provides better signal quality.
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
4-9
User’s Guide
Planning and Installing Wireless LANs
Note: It is not necessary at this point to connect the Access Points to an Ethernet
backbone, since Access Points continuously transmit signals (beacon
frames) whether they are connected to an Ethernet backbone or not.
Figure 5.5: Multicell Configuration
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
4-10
User’s Guide
Planning and Installing Wireless LANs
4.1.4.
Multi-hop Configuration (Relay)
When you want to connect two sites between which a line-of-sight does not
exist, an AP-WB pair can be positioned at a third location where line-ofsight exists with each of the original locations. This third location then acts
as a relay point.
In areas where a wired LAN backbone is not available, another AP can be
added to the AP-WB relay to distribute a wireless backbone. In this way, the
range of a wireless system can be extended.
System configuration is as follows:
Þ
To set up a BreezeNET multi-hop cell:
1. Install an AP at the main office (refer to section 2, Basic
Installation).
2. Install a WB at the remote site (refer to section 2, Basic
Installation).
3. Install an AP-WB pair in a high location that has a clear line of
sight to both the main office and the remote site. Many AP-WB
pairs can form a chain.
4. When an AP and WB communicate over the wireless LAN, set
them both to the same ESSID. For example, set the AP of the main
office and the WB of the first AP-WB relay pair to the same
ESSID. Also, set the AP of the last AP-WB relay and the WB of
the remote site to the same ESSID; this ESSID should be different
from the first ESSID.
Another option is to use one ESSID, and to set the Preferred AP
parameter of each WB to its paired AP (refer to section 3.4.3). This
option allows stations to roam between the sites.
5. As usual, make sure that the hopping sequence of the Access Points
are different.
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
4-11
User’s Guide
Planning and Installing Wireless LANs
Figure 5.6: Multihop Configuration
6. If desired, an additional AP may be added at the main office and
remote site, and between each AP-WB pair to provide wireless
LANs at those points (see illustration).
Figure 5.7: Advanced Multihop Configuration
7. Install Station Adapters or SA-PCR Cards on workstations (refer to
section 2, Basic Installation).
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
4-12
User’s Guide
Planning and Installing Wireless LANs
4.2. Outdoor Installation Considerations
This chapter describes various considerations to take into account when
planning an outdoor installation including site selection, antenna alignment,
antenna diversity, antenna polarization, antenna seal, and cell size.
4.2.1.
Site Selection Factors
When selecting a location for external antennas, remember to take into
consideration the following guidelines:
•
Minimum distance between sites
•
Maximum height above the ground
•
Maximum line of sight clearance
•
Maximum separation between antennas (diversity option)
Path of Clearest Propagation
A propagation path is the path that signals traverse between the antennas of
any two bridges. The “line” between two antenna sites is an imaginary
straight line which may be drawn between the two antennas. Any obstacles
in the path of the “line” degrade the propagation path. The best propagation
path is, therefore, a clear line of sight with good clearance between the
“line” and any physical obstacle.
Physical Obstacles
Any physical object in the path between two bridges can cause signal
attenuation. Common obstructions are buildings and trees. If a bridge’s
antenna is installed indoors, the walls and/or windows between the two sites
are physical obstructions. If the antenna is positioned outdoors, any
buildings or other physical structure such as trees, mountains or other
natural geographic features higher than the antenna and situated in the path
between the two sites can constitute obstructions.
Install indoor antennas as close as possible to a window (or wall if a
window is not accessible) facing the required direction. Avoid metal
obstacles such as metal window frames or metal film anti-glare windows in
the transmission path. Install outdoor antennas high enough to avoid any
obstacles which may block the signal.
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
4-13
User’s Guide
Planning and Installing Wireless LANs
Minimal Path Loss
Path loss is determined mainly by several factors:
•
Distance between sites
Path loss is lower and system performance better when distances
between sites are shorter.
•
Clearance
Path loss is minimized when there exists a clear line of sight. The
number, location, size, and makeup of obstacles determine their
contribution to path loss.
•
Antenna height
Path loss is lower when antennas are positioned higher. Antenna height
is the distance from the imaginary line connecting the antennas at the
two sites to “ground” level. “Ground” level in an open area is the actual
ground. In dense urban areas, “ground” level is the average height of the
buildings between the antenna sites.
4.2.2.
Rooftop Installation
Warning: Rooftop antenna installations are extremely dangerous! Incorrect
installation may result in death, serious injury and/or damage. Such
installations should be performed by professional antenna installers
only!
Rooftop installations offer several advantages:
•
Increased antenna range.
•
Less obstacles in path.
•
Improved performance due to greater height.
•
Reduced multipath problems.
4.2.3.
Antennas for Outdoor Applications
The BreezeNET PRO.11 Series can be used in point-to-point or point-tomultipoint configurations.
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
4-14
User’s Guide
Planning and Installing Wireless LANs
4.2.3.1
Point-to-Point
A point-to-point link is based on the use of one Access Point with external
antennas and one adapter (SA-10/40D, WB-10D). The AP and the WB must
be equipped with one or two directional antennas. The necessary antenna
gain depends on the required range and performance.
4.2.3.2
Point-to-Multipoint
Setting up a point-to-multipoint link requires the use of an AP-10D
equipped with omni-directional antennas and a remote WB-10D (or SA10/40D) equipped with high-gain directional antennas.
4.2.3.3
Antenna Alignment
Low gain antennas do not require alignment due to their very wide radiation
pattern. High gain antennas have a narrow beamwidth necessitating an
alignment procedure in order to optimize the link.
Check antenna alignment by using the LED indicators on the front panel of
whichever adapter is used in the link (WB-10D or SA-10/40D). These LED
indicators provide indication of reception quality.
Þ
To perform antenna alignment:
1. Assemble antennas according to the assembly instructions included
with the antenna set.
2. Mount the antennas as high as possible.
3. Connect the coaxial cable to the AP at the main site.
4. Connect the coaxial cable to the WB (or SA) at the remote site.
5. Power on the AP and the WB (or SA).
6. Synchronize the units by aligning the antennas manually until the
WLNK indicator LED on the front panel of the wireless Bridge
and/or Station Adapter illuminates.
7. Align antennas at the main and remote sites until maximum signal
quality is obtained. (Check QLT LEDs on the front panel of the
Station Adapter and the wireless Bridge.)
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
4-15
User’s Guide
Planning and Installing Wireless LANs
If the received signal quality is lower than expected for this antenna/range
combination, change antenna height and verify RF cables connections.
4.2.3.4
Antenna Diversity
In applications where no multipath propagation is expected, a single antenna
is sufficient to ensure good performance levels. However, in cases where
multipath propagation exists, BreezeCOM recommends that two antennas
be used. This takes advantage of space diversity capabilities. By using two
antennas per unit, the system can select the best antenna on a per-packet
basis (every several milliseconds).
Multipath propagation is to be expected when there are potential reflectors
between the main and remote sites. These reflectors may be buildings or
moving objects such as airplanes and motor vehicles. If this is the case, the
radio signal does not travel in a straight line, but is reflected or deflected off
of the object, creating multiple propagation paths.
When installing a single antenna, modify the transmit antenna option to
either antenna 1 or antenna 2, according to the antenna being used (refer to
section 3.4.3). Note: Only antennas from Table 1 FCC Type Acceptance
Configurations can be used.
4.2.3.5
Antenna Polarization
Antenna polarization must be the same at either end of the link. In most
applications, the preferred orientation is vertical polarization. Above-ground
propagation of the signal is better when it is polarized vertically. To verify
antenna polarization, refer to the assembly instructions supplied with the
antenna set.
4.2.4.
Antenna Seal
When using outdoor antennas, you must seal the antenna connectors against
rain. Otherwise the antennas are not suitable for use in outdoor installations.
4.2.5.
Cell Size
Cell size is determined by the maximum possible distance between the
Access Point and the Station Adapter, usually related to point-to-multipoint
installations using external antennas. For open outdoor areas with an
unobstructed line of sight between the Access Point and the BreezeNET
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
4-16
User’s Guide
Planning and Installing Wireless LANs
PRO.11 workstation, the suggested maximum distance between Access
Point and workstation is:
Standard AP-10 PRO.11 ..........................700m (2000 ft.)
4.2.6.
Link Distance
Link distance is the maximum distance between the AP and the station
adapter, usually related to point-to-point installations using external
antennas. For open outdoor areas with an unobstructed line of sight between
the Access Point and the wireless bridge, the suggested maximum distance
is:
AP-10D PRO.11 with external antennas....... up to 10Km (7 miles) in the USA
Note: The maximum distance of 10Km/7 miles is achieved using 24 dBi antennas.
4.2.7.
Using Outdoor Range Tables
Outdoor installations must have a clear line-of-sight. Solid obstacles such as
buildings or hills prevent the establishment of a link. Partial obstacles such
as trees or traffic can reduce range. Extending coaxial cables can cause an
increase in assembly signal loss and a reduction in range.
The ranges in the following tables are attained under good propagating
conditions when using the standard cables supplied in the antenna set.
Actual ranges may vary due to specific multipath and interference
conditions.
For specific range guidelines and information about extending cables,
consult your local dealer or BreezeCOM central offices.
Ranges are subject to change without notice.
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
4-17
User’s Guide
Planning and Installing Wireless LANs
4.3. Precautions
4.3.1.
Professional Installers Only
Caution: Detached antennas, whether installed indoors or out, should be
installed ONLY by experienced antenna installation professionals who
are familiar with local building and safety codes and, wherever
applicable, are licensed by the appropriate government regulatory
authorities.
Failure to do so may void the BreezeNET Product Warranty and may
expose the end user to legal and financial liabilities. BreezeCOM and
its resellers or distributors are not liable for injury, damage or
violation of government regulations associated with the installation of
detached antennas.
4.3.2.
Transmit Antenna Gain
Regulations regarding maximum antenna gains vary from country to
country. It is the responsibility of the end user to operate within the limits of
these regulations and to ensure that the professional installer is aware of
these regulations, as well. The FCC in the United States and ETSI in Europe
limit effective transit power See the EUT output power table for the
appropriate power levels.
Violation of government regulations exposes the end user to legal and
financial liabilities. BreezeCOM and its resellers and distributors shall not
be liable for expense or damage incurred as a result of installations which
exceed local transmit gain limitations.
4.3.3.
Lightning Protection
Lightning protection is designed to protect people, property and equipment
by providing a path to ground for the lightning’s energy. The lightning
arrestor diverts the strike energy to ground through a deliberate and
controlled path instead of allowing it to choose a random path. Lightning
protection for a building is more forgiving than protection of electronic
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
4-18
User’s Guide
Planning and Installing Wireless LANs
devices. A building can withstand up to 100,000 volts, but electronic
equipment may be damaged by just a few volts.
Lightning protection entails connecting an antenna discharge unit (also
called an arrestor) to each cable as close as possible to the point where it
enters the building. It also entails proper grounding of the arrestors and of
the antenna mast (if the antenna is connected to one).
The lightning arrestor should be installed and grounded at the point where
the cable enters the building. The arrestor is connected to the unit at one end
and to the antenna at the other end.
The professional installer you choose must be knowledgeable about
lightning protection. The installer must install the lightning protector in a
way that maximizes lightning protection. BreezeCOM offers the following
high-quality lightning arrestor assembly:
BreezeNET AL 1 Lightning Arrestor - Part No. 872905 5 ft (1.5m), “N”
Male to “N” Female.
4.3.4.
Rain Proofing
Antennas must be sealed against rain at the point the cable enters the pole
before they are suitable for external use.
BreezeNET PRO.11 Series
4-19
User’s Guide

Source Exif Data:

File Type                       : PDF
File Type Extension             : pdf
MIME Type                       : application/pdf
PDF Version                     : 1.3
Linearized                      : No
Creator                         : BRZNETA1.DOC - Microsoft Word
Create Date                     : 2000:10:03 17:55:54
Title                           : BRZN11
Producer                        : Acrobat PDFWriter 4.05 for Windows
Modify Date                     : 2000:10:04 15:04:20-04:00
Page Count                      : 68

EXIF Metadata provided by EXIF.tools

Alvarion Technologies EAP-11AMP Roof Mounted Spread Spectrum Transmission System User Manual BRZN11

Alvarion Ltd. Roof Mounted Spread Spectrum Transmission System BRZN11

Contents

Manual

FCC ID Filing: LKTEAP-11AMP

Navigation menu

Namespaces

Views

Navigation