Alvarion Technologies VL-54C Wireless Bridge User Manual Manual 070528 DRAFT3

Alvarion Technologies Ltd. Wireless Bridge Manual 070528 DRAFT3

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Operation Verification
Table 3-4: SU-ODU LEDs
Name
W-LINK
Description
Wireless Link
Indictor
Functionality
Green – Unit is associated with an AU,
no wireless link activity
Blinking Green – Data received or
transmitted on the wireless link.
Blinking rate is proportional to wireless
traffic rate
Off – Wireless link is disabled
Status
Self-test and power
indication
Green – Power is available and
self-test passed.
Blinking Amber – Testing (not ready for
operation)
Red – Self-test failed – fatal error
ETH
Ethernet activity/
connectivity
indication
Green – Ethernet link between the
indoor and outdoor units is detected,
no activity
Blinking Green – Ethernet connectivity
is OK, with traffic on the port. Blinking
rate proportional to traffic rate.
Red – No Ethernet connectivity
between the indoor and outdoor units.
SNR BAR
Received signal
(SU-RA)
strength Indication
Red LED: Signal is too low
(SNR<4 dB)
8 green LEDs: Quality of the received
signal
Orange LED: Signal is too high
(SNR > 50 dB)
Commissioning
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Chapter 3 - Commissioning
Table 3-5: SU-ODU SNR Bar LED Functionality
SNR Bar LEDs
76
SNR (typical)
LED 1 (red) is On
Signal is too low (SNR < 4 dB)
LED 2 (green) is On
SNR > 4 dB
LEDs 2 to 3 (green) are On
SNR > 8 dB
LEDs 2 to 4 (green) are On
SNR > 13 dB
LEDs 2 to 5 (green) are On
SNR > 19 dB
LEDs 2 to 6 (green) are On
SNR > 26 dB
LEDs 2 to 7 (green) are On
SNR > 31 dB
LEDs 2 to 8 (green) are On
SNR > 38 dB
LEDs 2 to 9 (green) are On
SNR > 44 dB
LEDs 2 to 9 (green) and 10 (orange) are On
Signal is too high (SNR > 50 dB)
BreezeACCESS VL System Manual
Operation Verification
3.5.2
Indoor Unit Verification
To verify the correct operation of the indoor equipment, examine the LED
indicators located on the top panel of the SU IDU and AU IDU units, or on the
front panel of the BS-AU module.
Table 3-6 provides information for the BS-AU IDU LEDs. Table 3-7 lists the LEDs
of the PS1073 IDU.
Table 3-6: BS-AU LEDs
Name
W-LINK
Description
Wireless link activity
Functionality
Green - At least one SU is associated.
Blinking Red - No SU is associated.
Off - Wireless link is disabled.
ODU CURRENT
Current Consumption of
CONSUMPTION
the Outdoor Unit
Red - over current.
Blinking Red - open circuit or below
anticipated current consumption.
Green - within tolerance.
ODU STATUS
Outdoor Unit Self-test
Green - Self test passed and ODU
ready for operation.
Blinking Amber - Testing (not ready
for operation)
Red - fatal failure.
IDU PWR
Power indication for the
Indoor Unit
ALARM
Indoor Unit Alarm
Indication
Green - IDU power is OK.
Off - no power is supplied to the IDU.
Red - a fatal failure indication.
Off - IDU is functioning properly.
Table 3-7: PS1073 SU IDU / AU-SA IDU LEDs
Name
POWER
Description
Power Indication
Functionality
Green – IDU power is OK
Off – No power or power failure
ETH
Self test and end-toend Ethernet
connectivity
Off – No Ethernet connectivity has
been detected between the outdoor
unit and the device connected to the
indoor unit.
Commissioning
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Chapter 3 - Commissioning
Table 3-7: PS1073 SU IDU / AU-SA IDU LEDs
Name
Description
Functionality
Green – Self-test passed and Ethernet
connection confirmed by the outdoor
unit (Ethernet integrity check passed).
3.5.3
SU-I Unit Verification
To verify the correct operation of the SU-I unit, examine the LED indicators
located on the front panel of the SU-I unit.
The following tables list the provided LEDs and their associated indications.
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BreezeACCESS VL System Manual
Operation Verification
Table 3-8: SU-I LEDs
Name
Description
Functionality
Self-test and power
Green: Power is available and self-test
indication
passed.
Status
Blinking Amber: Testing (not ready for
operation)
Red: Self-test failed. Fatal error
Ethernet activity/
Green: Ethernet link between the SU-I and
connectivity indication
the data equipment is detected, no activity
Blinking Green: Ethernet connectivity is
Ethernet
OK, with traffic on the port. Blinking rate
proportional to traffic rate.
Red: No Ethernet connectivity between
the SU-I and the data equipment.
W-Link
Wireless Link traffic
Green: Unit is associated with an AU, no
Indication
wireless link activity
Blinking Green: Data received or
transmitted on the wireless link. Blinking
rate is proportional to traffic rate.
Off: Wireless link disabled
Commissioning
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Chapter 3 - Commissioning
Table 3-9: SU-I SNR Bar LED Functionality
SNR Bar LEDs
3.5.4
SNR (typical)
LED 1 (red) is On
Signal is too low (SNR < 4 dB)
LED 2 (green) is On
SNR > 4 dB
LEDs 2 to 3 (green) are On
SNR > 8 dB
LEDs 2 to 4 (green) are On
SNR > 13 dB
LEDs 2 to 5 (green) are On
SNR > 19 dB
LEDs 2 to 6 (green) are On
SNR > 26 dB
LEDs 2 to 7 (green) are On
SNR > 31 dB
LEDs 2 to 8 (green) are On
SNR > 38 dB
LEDs 2 to 9 (green) are On
SNR > 44 dB
LEDs 2 to 9 (green) and 10 (orange) are On
Signal is too high (SNR > 50 dB)
Verifying the Ethernet Connection (Modular
Base station)
After connecting the unit to an Ethernet outlet, verify that the Ethernet Integrity
Indicator, which is the yellow LED embedded in the 10/100 BaseT connector, is
on. This indicates that the unit is connected to an Ethernet segment. The
Ethernet Activity Indicator, which is the green embedded LED, should blink
whenever the unit receives or transmits traffic on the 10/100 BaseT port.
3.5.5
Verifying the Indoor-to-Outdoor Connection
(Modular Base Station)
After connecting the unit to an Ethernet outlet, verify that the Ethernet Integrity
Indicator, which is the yellow LED embedded in the RADIO connector, is on. This
indicates that the unit has detected an Ethernet link connection. The Ethernet
Activity Indicator, which is the green embedded LED, should blink whenever the
unit receives or transmits traffic on the RADIO port.
3.5.6
Verifying Data Connectivity
To verify data connectivity, from the end-user’s PC or from a portable PC
connected to the unit, ping the Access Unit, or try to connect to the Internet.
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4
Chapter 4 - Oper ation and
Administration
In This Chapter:
Working with the Monitor Program, page 82
Menus and Parameters, page 85
Chapter 4 - Operation and Administration
4.1
Working with the Monitor Program
4.1.1
Accessing the Monitor Program Using Telnet
Connect a PC to the Ethernet port, using a crossed cable.
Configure the PC's IP parameters to enable connectivity with the unit. The
default IP address is 10.0.0.1.
Run the Telnet program. The Select Access Level menu is displayed.
Select the required access level, depending on your specific access rights. A
password entry request is displayed. Table 4-1 lists the default passwords for
each of the access levels.
Table 4-1: Default Passwords
Access Rights
Password
Read-Only
public
Installer
user
Administrator
private
NOTE
Following three unsuccessful login attempts (using incorrect passwords), the monitor program is
blocked for several minutes. To enable access to the monitor program during that time, the unit
must be reset via SNMP or by disconnecting/reconnecting power.
If you forgot the password, type "h" at the Access Level selection prompt. Type “Recover” at the
prompt to get a challenge string consisting of 8 characters. Contact Alvarion's Customer Service
and give them the challenge string (after user identification) to receive a one-time password.
Aftering entering this password at the prompt, the unit will reboot with the default Administrator
password (private). Three consecutive errors in entering the one-time password will invalidate it
and block the monitor program. A new challenge string should be used to receive a new one-time
password.
Enter your password and press Enter. The Main Menu is displayed as shown
in Figure 4-1. The unit type, SW version number and SW release date
displayed in the Main Menu vary according to the selected unit and SW
version.
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Working with the Monitor Program
BreezeACCESS VL/AU
Official Release Version – 4.0.27
Release Date: Feb 13 2007, 12:59:23
Main Menu
==========
1 – Info Screens
2 – Unit Control
3 - Basic Configuration
4 – Site Survey
5 - Advanced Configuration
x - Exit
>>>
Figure 4-1: Main Menu (Administrator Level)
NOTE
If the Telnet session is not terminated properly; for example, if you simply close the window, the
monitor program is blocked for several minutes. To enable access to the monitor program during
that time, the unit must be reset via SNMP or by disconnecting/reconnecting power.
The display of the Main Menu varies depending on the user's access level, as
follows.
For users with read only access rights, only the Info Screens option is
displayed. Users with this access level are not able to access the Unit Control,
Basic Configuration, Site Survey and Advanced Configuration menus.
For users with Installer access rights, the first four menu items, Info Screens,
Unit Control, Basic Configuration and Site Survey, are displayed. Users with
this access level are not able to access the Advanced Configuration menu.
For users with Administrator access rights, the full Main Menu is displayed.
These users can access all menu items.
4.1.2
Common Operations
The following describes the standard operations used when working with the
Monitor program.
Type an option number to open or activate the option. In certain cases you
may need to click Enter.
Click Esc to exit a menu or option.
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Chapter 4 - Operation and Administration
NOTE
The program is automatically terminated following a determined period of inactivity. The default
time out is 5 minutes and is configured with the Log Out Timer parameter.
In some cases, to activate any configuration changes, you must reset the unit.
Certain settings are automatically activated without having to reset the unit.
Refer to Appendix F for information on which parameters are run time
configurable, which means that the unit need not be reset for the parameter to
take effect, and which parameters do require that the unit be reset.
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Menus and Parameters
4.2
Menus and Parameters
The following sections describe the menus and parameters provided by the
Monitor program.
4.2.1
Main Menu
The Main Menu enables to access the following menus, depending on your access
level, as described in section 4.1.
Info Screens: Provides a read only display of current parameter values.
Available at all access levels.
Unit Control: Enables to access general operations, such as resetting the
unit, reverting to factory default parameters, changing passwords and
switching between software versions. Available at the Installer and
Administrator access levels.
Basic Configuration: Enables to access the set of parameters that are
configured during the installation process. These parameters are also
available in the Advanced Configuration menu. Available at the Installer and
Administrator access levels.
Site Survey: Enables to activate certain tests and view various system
counters. Available at the Installer and Administrator access levels.
Advanced Configuration: Enables to access all system parameters, including
the Basic Configuration parameters. Available only at the Administrator access
level.
4.2.2
Info Screens Menu
The Info Screens menu enables you to view the current values of various
parameter sets. The parameter sets are identical to the main parameter groups in
the configuration menus. You can view a specific parameter set or choose to view
all parameters at once. While this menu is available at all access levels, some
security related parameters including the encryption Keys, ESSID and Operator
ESSID are only displayed to users with Administrator access rights.
The Info Screens menu includes the following options:
Show Unit Status
Show Basic Configuration
Operation and Administration
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Chapter 4 - Operation and Administration
Show Advanced Configuration
Show Country Dependent Parameters
Show All Parameters
4.2.2.1
Show Unit Status
The Show Unit Status menu is a read only menu that displays the current values
of the following parameters:
Unit Name: As defined in the Unit Control menu.
Unit Type: Identifies the unit's function: AU-BS, AU-SA, AUS-BS, AUS-SA,
SU-3-1D, SU-6-1D, SU-6-BD, SU-54-BD, SU-I.
Unit MAC Address: The unit's unique IEEE MAC address.
Current Number of Associations (AU only): The total number of SUs
associated with this AU. This number may include units that are not
currently active as there is no aging algorithm for associated SUs.
NOTE
An SU is only removed from the list of associated SUs under the following conditions:
A SNAP frame is received from another AU indicating that the SU is now associated with the
other AU.
The SU failed to respond to a certain number of consecutive frames transmitted by the AU and
is considered to have "aged out".
Number of Associations Since Last Reset: For SUs - displays the total
number of associations with any AU since the last reset, including duplicate
associations with the same AU. For AUs - displays the number of SUs that
have associated with the AU since the last reset, including duplicate
associations with the same SU.
Unit Status (SU only): The current status of the SU. There are two status
options:
SCANNING: The SU is searching for an AU with which to associate. If the
DFS Option is enabled and the SU is currently looking for its previous AU,
the AU’s MAC Address will be displayed.
ASSOCIATED: The SU is associated with an AU.
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Menus and Parameters
AU MAC Address (SU only): The MAC address of the AU with which the unit
is currently associated. If the unit is not associated with any AU, the address
defaults to the IEEE broadcast address, which is FF-FF-FF-FF-FF-FF.
Unit Hardware Version: The version of the outdoor unit hardware.
Unit BOOT Version: The version of the BOOT SW.
Time Since Last Reset
Flash Versions:
Running from: Shows whether the unit is running from the Main or from
the Shadow Version.
Main Version File Name: The name of the compressed file (with a “.bz”
extension) of the version currently defined as the main version.
Main Version Number: The software version currently defined as the
main version.
Shadow Version File Name: The name of the compressed file (with a “.bz”
extension) of the version currently defined as the shadow (backup) version.
Shadow Version Number: The software version currently defined as the
shadow (backup) version.
Radio Band: The radio band of the unit.
Log Out Timer: The value of the Log Out Timer as defined in the Unit Control
menu.
Ethernet Port Negotiation Mode: The Ethernet port negotiation mode as
defined in the Unit Control menu.
Ethernet Port State: The actual state of the Ethernet port.
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Chapter 4 - Operation and Administration
FTP Parameters: General FTP parameters (common to SW Version Download,
Configuration File Upload/Download and Event File Upload using FTP):
FTP Server IP Address
FTP Gateway IP Address
FTP User Name
FTP Password
FTP Software Download Parameters: The parameters for SW download
using FTP, as defined in Unit Control menu.
FTP Source Directory
FTP SW Version File Name
Configuration File Download/Upload Parameters: The parameters for
Configuration file upload/download using FTP, as defined in the Unit Control
menu.
Configuration File Name
Configuration File Source Directory
Operator Defaults File Name
FTP Log File Upload Parameters: The parameters for Event Log file upload
using FTP, as defined in the Unit Control menu.
FTP Log File Name
FTP Log File Destination Directory
Event Log Policy
4.2.2.2
Show Basic Configuration
The Show Basic Configuration menu is a read only menu that displays the
current values of the parameters included in the Basic Configuration menu.
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Menus and Parameters
4.2.2.3
Show Advanced Configuration
The Show Advanced Configuration menu enables to access the read only sub
menus that display the current values of the parameters included in the
applicable sub menus of the Advanced Configuration menu.
4.2.2.4
Show Country Dependent Parameters
Each country has its radio regulation regarding transmissions in the applicable
bands that affect parameters such as available frequencies, bandwidth, transmit
power, etc. Some other parameters and options may also vary among countries.
For each country, one or more sets of parameters are pre-configured in the
factory. If more than one set is available, the set to be used can be selected. The
Show Country Dependent Parameters displays the available set(s) of these
parameters, and includes the following:
Country Code: The up to 3 digits country code according to ISO 3166 and
the country name. Some regulatory requirements apply to more than one
country. In these cases the Country Code includes a 4 digits proprietary
group code and the Country Group name (for example FCC).
Data Encryption Support: Indicates whether data encryption is supported
for the applicable country.
AES Encryption Support: Indicates whether encryption using AES is
supported for the applicable country.
Authentication Encryption Support: Indicates whether authentication
encryption is supported for the applicable country.
For each of the available sets (Sub-Bands), the following information is provided:
Sub-Band ID and Frequencies
Allowed Bandwidth: If more than one bandwidth is allowed, then each
bandwidth is associated with a different sub-band, as the bandwidth may
affect the available frequencies.
Regulation Max Tx Power at Antenna Port: The maximum transmit power
allowed at the antenna port of the unit.
Regulation Max EIRP: The maximum allowed EIRP (Effective Isotropic
Radiated Power) in dBm, or No Limit.
Min Modulation Level: The lowest allowed modulation level.
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Chapter 4 - Operation and Administration
Max Modulation Level: The highest allowed modulation level.
Burst Mode: Indicates whether Burst Mode operation is allowed.
Maximum Burst Duration: If Burst Mode is allowed, this parameter displays
the upper limit for the Maximum Burst Duration.
DFS Option: Indicates whether the DFS (Dynamic Frequency Selection)
mechanism for identification and avoidance of channels with radar activity is
supported.
Minimum HW Revision Support: The minimum HW revision required to
support the Sub-Band.
New Country Code files can be uploaded remotely using TFTP (see Appendix B).
4.2.2.5
Show All Parameters
The Show All Parameters menu is a read only menu that displays the current
values of all status and configuration parameters.
NOTE
The values of some security related parameters, including the encryption Keys, ESSID and
Operator ESSID, are available only with Administrator access rights.
4.2.3
Unit Control Menu
The Unit Control menu enables configuring control parameters for the unit. The
Unit Control menu includes the following options:
Reset Unit
Default Settings
Change Unit Name
Change Password
Flash Memory Control
SW Version Download
Configuration File Upload/Download
Log Out Timer
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Menus and Parameters
Ethernet Port Negotiation Mode
Change System Location
Event Log Menu
Feature Upgrade
4.2.3.1
Reset Unit
The Reset Unit option enables resetting the unit. After reset, any modifications
made to the system parameters are applied.
4.2.3.2
Default Settings
The Set defaults submenu enables resetting the system parameters to a
predefined set of defaults or saving the current configuration as the set of
Operator Defaults.
The Default Setting options are available only to users with Administrator access
rights.
The available options are:
Set Defaults
Save Current Configuration As Operator Defaults
4.2.3.2.1
Set Defaults
The Set Defaults submenu enables reverting the system parameters to a
predefined set of defaults. There are two sets of default configurations:
A Factory Defaults: This is the standard default configuration.
B Operator Defaults: Operator Defaults configuration can be defined by the
Administrator using the Save Current Configuration As Operator Defaults
option in this menu. It may also be defined at the factory according to specific
operator's definition. The default Operator Defaults configuration is the
Factory Defaults configuration.
The current configuration file and the Operator Defaults configuration file can be
uploaded/downloaded by the unit using FTP. For more information, see section
4.2.3.7 option. These files can also be uploaded/downloaded remotely using TFTP
(see Appendix B).
The available options in the Set Defaults submenu are:
Set Complete Factory Defaults
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Chapter 4 - Operation and Administration
Set Partial Factory Defaults
Set Complete Operator Defaults
Set Partial Operator Defaults
Cancel Current Pending Request
4.2.3.2.1.1 Set Complete Factory Defaults
Select this option to reset the unit to the standard Factory Defaults configuration,
excluding several parameters that are listed in Table 4-2.
Table 4-2: Parameters not reset after Set Complete Factory/Operator Defaults
Parameters Group
Unit Control Parameters
Parameter
All Passwords
FTP Server IP address* (see note below)
FTP Gateway IP address* (see note below)
FTP User Name* (see note below)
FTP Password* (see note below)
Ethernet Port Negotiation Mode
Air Interface Parameters
Selected Sub-Band (AU)
Frequency (AU)
DFS Option (AU)
Frequency Subset (AU)
Antenna Gain (AU)
NOTE
The FTP parameters are not set to their default values after Set Complete Operator Defaults.
However, they are set to their default value after Set Complete Factory Defaults. Note that in this
case they are set to the default values immediately upon selecting the Set Complete Factory
Default option (even before the next reset).
4.2.3.2.1.2 Set Partial Factory Defaults
Select this option to reset the unit to the standard Factory Default configuration,
excluding the parameters that are required to maintain connectivity and
management access. The parameters that do not change after Set Partial Factory
Defaults are listed in Table 4-3.
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Menus and Parameters
Table 4-3: Parameters that are not reset after Set Partial Factory/Operator Defaults
Parameters Group
Unit Control parameters
Parameter
Passwords
Ethernet Port Negotiation Mode
FTP Server IP address
FTP Gateway IP Address
FTP User Name
FTP Password
IP Parameters
IP Address
Subnet Mask
Default Gateway Address
DHCP Option
Access to DHCP
Security Parameters
Authentication Algorithm
Default Key (SU)
Data Encryption Mode
Default Multicast Key (AU)
Security Mode
Key # 1 to Key # 4
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Chapter 4 - Operation and Administration
Table 4-3: Parameters that are not reset after Set Partial Factory/Operator Defaults
Parameters Group
Air Interface Parameters
Parameter
ESSID
Operator ESSID Option (AU)
Operator ESSID (AU)
Cell Distance Mode (AU)
Maximum Cell Distance (AU)
Per SU Distance Learning Option (AU)
Selected Sub-Band (AU)
Frequency (AU)
DFS Option (AU)
SU Waiting Option (AU)
Channel Reuse Option (AU)
Radar Activity Assessment Period (AU)
Maximum Number of Detections in Assessment
Period (AU)
Frequency Subset (AU)
ATPC Option (AU)
Transmit Power
Maximum Tx Power (SU)
Tx Control (AU)
Best AU Support (SU)
Preferred AU MAC Address (SU)
All Noise Immunity Control parameters
Network Management Parameters
AP Client IP Address (SU)
Performance Parameters
Adaptive Modulation Decision Thresholds
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Menus and Parameters
Table 4-3: Parameters that are not reset after Set Partial Factory/Operator Defaults
Parameters Group
Bridge Parameters
Parameter
VLAN ID – Management
Service Provider VLAN ID (SU)
VLAN QinQ Protocol Ethertype
MAC Address List (AU)
MAC Address List Action (AU)
Service Parameters
DRAP Option (AU)
UDP Port (AU)
Max Number of Voice Calls (AU)
DRAP TTL (AU)
Wireless Link Prioritization Option (AU)
Low Priority AIFS (AU)
Number of HW Retries for High Priority Traffic (AU)
Number of HW Retries for Low Priority Traffic (AU)
AU Burst Duration for High Priority Traffic (AU)
AU Burst Duration for Low Priority Traffic (AU)
SU Burst Duration for High Priority Traffic (AU)
SU Burst Duration for Low Priority Traffic (AU)
Low Priority Traffic Minimum Percent
4.2.3.2.1.3 Set Complete Operators Defaults
Select this option to reset the unit to the Operator Defaults configuration,
excluding several parameters that are listed in Table 4-2.
4.2.3.2.1.4 Set Partial Operator Defaults
Select this option to reset the unit to the Operator Defaults configuration,
excluding the parameters that are required to maintain connectivity and
management access. The parameters that do not change after Set Partial
Operator Defaults are listed in Table 4-3.
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4.2.3.2.1.5 Cancel Current Pending Request
After selecting one of the Set defaults options, it will be executed after the next
reset. This option enables to cancel the pending request before execution
(provided the unit has not been reset yet).
4.2.3.2.2
Save Current Configuration As Operator Defaults
The Save Current Configuration As Operator Defaults enables defining the
current configuration of the unit as the Operator Defaults configuration.
4.2.3.3
Change Unit Name
The Change Unit Name option enables changing the name of the unit, which is
also the system's name in the MIB2. The name of the unit is also used as the
prompt at the bottom of each Monitor window.
Valid values: A string of up to 32 printable ASCII characters.
The default unit name is an empty string.
4.2.3.4
Change Password
The Change Password submenu enables changing the access password(s). The
Change Password submenu is available only to users with Administrator access
rights.
Valid values: A string of up to 8 printable ASCII characters.
Refer to section 4.1 for a list of the default passwords for each of the access
levels.
4.2.3.5
Flash Memory Control
The Flash Memory Control submenu enables selecting the active software version
for the unit.
The flash memory can store two software versions. One version is called Main and
the other is called Shadow. New software versions are loaded as the shadow
version. You can select the shadow version as the new active version by selecting
Reset and Boot from Shadow Version. However, after the next reset, the main
version is re-activated. To continue using the currently active version after the
next reset, select Use Running Version After Reset: The previous shadow
version will be the new main version, and vice versa.
The parameters configured in the unit are not changed as a result of loading new
software versions unless the new version includes additional parameters or
additional changes in the list of parameters. New parameters are loaded with
their default values.
Select from the following options:
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Menus and Parameters
Reset and Boot from Shadow Version: Activates the shadow (backup)
software version. The unit is reset automatically. Following the next reset the
unit will switch to the main version.
Use Running Version After Reset: Defines the current running version as
the new main version. This version will also be used following the next reset.
4.2.3.6
SW Version Download
The SW Version Download submenu enables the optional downloading of a SW
Version file from a remote FTP server. The SW Version Download submenu
includes the following options:
Execute FTP GET SW Version: The Execute FTP GET SW Version option
executes the SW Version FTP download according to the parameters defined
below.
FTP SW Source Dir: The FTP SW Source Dir option enables defining the
source directory of the SW version file.
Valid values: A string of up to 80 printable ASCII characters. To clear the field
press "."
The default is an empty string.
FTP SW Version File Name: The FTP SW Version File Name option enables
defining the name of the SW version file in the FTP server.
Valid values: A string of up to 20 printable ASCII characters. An empty string
is not allowed.
The default is VxWorks.bz.
FTP Server IP Address: The FTP Server IP Address option enables defining
the IP address of the FTP server that is hosting the SW Version file.
The default is: 10.0.0.253.
FTP Gateway IP Address: The FTP Gateway IP Address option enables
defining the FTP default gateway address.
The default is: 0.0.0.0.
FTP User Name: The FTP User Name option enables defining the user name
to be used for accessing the FTP server that is hosting the SW Version file.
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Valid values: A string of up to 18 printable ASCII characters.
The default is: vx
FTP Password: The FTP Password option enables defining the password to be
used for accessing the FTP server that is hosting the SW Version file.
Valid values: A string of up to 18 printable ASCII characters.
The default is: vx
Show SW Version Download Parameters and Status: Displays the current
values of the SW Version Download parameters, the current SW version and
the SW versions stored in the Flash memory.
NOTE
There is one set of general FTP parameters (FTP Server IP Address, FTP Gateway IP Address,
FTP User Name and FTP Password). This set (or relevant parts of the set) serves the SW
Download Procedure, the Configuration File Upload/Download procedure and the Event Log File
Upload procedure. Changing any of these parameters in the menu for any procedure will
automatically change its value in the menu for the other procedures.
4.2.3.7
Configuration File Upload/Download
The Configuration File Upload/Download submenu enables the optional
uploading or downloading of a configuration or an Operator Defaults file from a
remote FTP server. The Configuration File Upload/Download submenu includes
the following options:
Execute FTP GET/PUT Configuration File: The Execute FTP GET/PUT
Configuration File executes the upload/download of a Configuration file or an
Operator Defaults file according to the parameters defined below. The
following options are available:
Execute FTP Get Configuration File (cfg)
Execute FTP Put Configuration File (cfg)
Execute FTP Get Operator Defaults File (cmr)
Execute FTP Put Operator Defaults File (cmr)
FTP Configuration File Source Dir: The FTP Configuration File Source Dir
option enables defining the source directory of the configuration/Operator
Defaults file.
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Valid values: A string of up to 80 printable ASCII characters. To clear the field
press "."
The default is an empty string.
Configuration File FTP File Name: The Configuration File FTP File Name
option enables defining the name of the configuration file to be
uploaded/downloaded.
Valid values: A string of up to 20 printable ASCII characters. An empty string
is not allowed.
The default is config.cfg.
Operator Defaults FTP File Name: The Operator Defaults File Name option
enables defining the name of the Operator Defaults file to be
uploaded/downloaded.
Valid values: A string of up to 20 printable ASCII characters. An empty string
is not allowed.
The default is operator.cmr.
FTP Server IP Address: The FTP Host IP Address option enables defining the
IP address of the FTP server that is hosting the file.
The default is: 10.0.0.253
FTP Gateway IP Address: The FTP Gateway IP Address option enables
defining the FTP default gateway address.
The default is: 0.0.0.0.
FTP User Name: The FTP User Name option enables defining the user name
to be used for accessing the FTP server that is hosting the file.
Valid values: A string of up to 18 printable ASCII characters.
The default is: vx
FTP Password: The FTP Password option enables defining the password to be
used for accessing the FTP server that is hosting the file.
Valid values: A string of up to 18 printable ASCII characters.
The default is: vx
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Show Configuration File Upload/Download Parameters: Displays the
current values of the Configuration File Upload/Download parameters.
NOTE
There is one set of general FTP parameters (FTP Server IP Address, FTP Gateway IP Address,
FTP User Name and FTP Password). This set (or relevant parts of the set) serves the SW
Download procedure, the Configuration File Upload/Download procedure and the Event Log File
Upload procedure. Changing any of these parameters in the menu for either procedure will
automatically change its value in the menu for the other procedures.
4.2.3.8
Log Out Timer
The Log Out Timer parameter determines the amount of inactive time following
which the unit automatically exits the Monitor program.
The time out duration can range from 1 to 999 minutes.
The default value is 5 minutes.
4.2.3.9
Ethernet Port Negotiation Mode
The Ethernet Port Negotiation Mode submenu displays the current Ethernet port
state and enables defining the negotiation mode of the Ethernet port. The
available options are:
Force 10 Mbps and Half-Duplex
Force 10 Mbps and Full-Duplex
Force 100 Mbps and Half-Duplex
Force 100 Mbps and Full-Duplex
Auto Negotiation (10/100 Mbps and Half/Full Duplex)
The default is Auto Negotiation (10/100 Mbps and Half/Full Duplex)
4.2.3.10
Change System Location
The Change System Location option enables changing the system location of the
unit, which is also the sys location in MIB2. The System Location is also
displayed as a part of the Monitor menu’s header.
Valid values: A string of up to 35 printable ASCII characters.
The default system location is an empty string.
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4.2.3.11
Event Log Menu
The Event Log Menu enables controlling the event log feature. The event log is an
important debugging tool and a flash memory sector is dedicated for storing it.
Events are classified according to their severity level: Message (lowest severity),
Warning, Error or Fatal (highest severity).
The severity level of events that should be saved in the Event Log is configurable.
Events from the configured severity and higher are saved and may be displayed
upon request. Log history can be displayed up to the full number of current
active events. In the log, an event is defined as active as long as it has not been
erased (a maximum of 1000 events may be stored). The Event Log may be read
using TFTP, with remote file name .log (the default
SNMP Read Community is “public”). The Event Log may also be uploaded to a
remote FTP server.
The Event Log Menu includes the following options:
Event Log Policy
Display Event Log
Erase Event Log
Event Load Upload
4.2.3.11.1 Even
n t Log Policy
The Event Log Policy determines the minimal severity level. All events whose
severity is equal to or higher than the defined severity are logged.
Valid values are: Message (MSG) Level, Warning (WRN) Level, Error (ERR) Level,
Fatal (FTL) Level, Log None.
The default selection is Warning Level severity.
4.2.3.11.2 Display Event Log
The Display Event Log option enables viewing how many events are logged and
selecting the number of events to be displayed (up to 1000). The display of each
event includes the event time (elapsed time since last reset), the severity level and
a message string. The events are displayed according to the time at which they
were generated, with the most recent event displayed last (first in – first out).
4.2.3.11.3 Erase Event Log
The Erase Event Log option enables clearing the event log.
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4.2.3.11.4 Event Log Upload
The Event Log Upload submenu enables the optional uploading of the event log
file to a remote FTP server. The Event Log Upload submenu includes the following
options:
FTP Event Log Upload Execute: The FTP event Log Upload Execute executes
the upload of the Event Log file according to the parameters defined below.
Event Log Destination Directory: The Event Log Destination Directory
enables defining the destination directory for the Event Log File.
Valid values: A string of up to 80 printable ASCII characters. To clear the field
press "."
The default is an empty string.
Event Log File Name: The Event Log File Name option enables defining the
name of the event log file to be uploaded.
Valid values: A string of up to 20 printable ASCII characters.
The default is logfile.log.
FTP Server IP Address: The FTP Host IP Address option enables defining the
IP address of the FTP server that is hosting the file.
The default is: 10.0.0.253
FTP Gateway IP Address: The FTP Gateway IP Address option enables
defining the FTP default gateway address.
The default is: 0.0.0.0.
FTP User Name: The FTP User Name option enables defining the user name
to be used for accessing the FTP server that is hosting the file.
Valid values: A string of up to 18 printable ASCII characters.
The default is: vx
FTP Password: The FTP Password option enables defining the password to be
used for accessing the FTP server that is hosting the file.
Valid values: A string of up to 18 printable ASCII characters.
The default is: vx
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Show FTP Event Log File Upload Parameters: Displays the current values
of the Event Log Upload parameters.
NOTE
There is one set of general FTP parameters (FTP Server IP Address, FTP Gateway IP Address,
FTP User Name and FTP Password). This set (or relevant parts of the set) serves the SW
Download procedure, the Configuration File Upload/Download procedure and the Event Log File
Upload procedure. Changing any of these parameters in the menu for either procedure will
automatically change its value in the menu for the other procedures.
4.2.3.12
Feature Upgrade
The Feature Upgrade option enables to enter a license string for upgrading the
unit to support new features and/or options. Upon selecting the Manual Feature
Upgrade option the user will be requested to enter the license string. Each license
string is associated with a unique MAC Address and one feature/option. If the
encrypted MAC Address in the license string does not match the unit’s MAC
Address, the string will be rejected. If there is a match, a message notifying of the
new feature/option will be displayed. The unit must be reset for the change to
take effect.
The license string should comprise 32 to 64 hexadecimal digits.
New Feature License files can be uploaded remotely using TFTP (see Appendix B).
4.2.4
Basic Configuration Menu
The Basic Configuration menu includes all parameters required for the initial
installation and operation of the unit. After the unit is properly installed and
operational, additional parameters can be configured either locally or remotely
using Telnet or SNMP management.
NOTE
All parameters in the Basic Configuration menu are also available in the relevant sub menus of the
Advanced Configuration menu.
The Basic Configuration menu enables to access the following parameter sets:
4.2.4.1.1
IP Parameters
IP Address
Subnet Mask
Default Gateway Address
DHCP Client
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DHCP Option
Access to DHCP
Refer to section 4.2.6.1 for a description of these parameters.
4.2.4.1.2
Air Interface Parameters
ESSID
Operator ESSID Parameters (AU)
Operator ESSID Option
Operator ESSID
Frequency Definition
Select Sub-Band (AU, if more than one is available)
Frequency (AU)
User Defined Frequency Subsets (SU)
Best AU Parameters (SU)
Best AU Support
Preferred AU MAC Address
Cell Distance Parameters (AU)
Cell Distance Mode
Maximum Cell Distance
Fairness Factor
Per SU Distance Learning
ATPC Parameters
ATPC Option
Transmit Power
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Maximum Tx Power (SU)
Tx Control (AU)
Antenna Gain
Refer to section 4.2.6.2 for a description of these parameters.
4.2.4.1.3
Performance Parameters
Maximum Modulation Level (SU)
Refer to section 4.2.6.5 for a description of these parameters.
4.2.4.1.4
Bridge Parameters
VLAN Support
VLAN ID – Management
Refer to section 4.2.6.4 for a description of these parameters.
4.2.4.1.5
Security Parameters
Authentication Algorithm
Data Encryption Option
Security Mode
Default Multicast Key (AU)
Default Key (SU)
Key 1 to Key 4
Promiscuous Authentication (AU)
Some or all of the security parameters may not be available in units that do not
support the applicable features. Refer to section 4.2.6.7 for a description of these
parameters.
4.2.5
Site Survey Menu
The Site Survey menu displays the results of various tests and counters for
verifying the quality of the wireless link. These tests can be used to help
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determine where to position the units for optimal coverage, antenna alignment
and troubleshooting. The counters can serve for evaluating performance and
identifying potential problems. In the AU, there is also an extensive database for
all SUs served by it.
The Site Survey menu includes the following options:
Traffic Statistics
Ping Test
Continuous Link Quality display (SU only)
MAC Address Database
Per Modulation Level Counters
Link Capability
4.2.5.1
Traffic Statistics
The traffic statistics are used to monitor, interpret and analyze the performance
of the wired and wireless links. The counters display statistics relating to wireless
link and Ethernet frames. The Traffic Statistics menu includes the following
options:
Display Counters: Select this option to display the current value of the
Ethernet and wireless link (WLAN) counters.
Reset Counters: Select this option to reset the counters.
4.2.5.1.1
Ethernet Counters
The unit receives Ethernet frames from its Ethernet port and forwards the frames
to its internal bridge, which determines whether each frame should be
transmitted to the wireless medium. Frames discarded by the unit's hardware
filter are not counted by the Ethernet counters. For units with HW revision B and
lower, the maximum length of a regular IEEE 802.1 Ethernet packet that can be
accepted from or transmitted to the Ethernet port is 1514 bytes, excluding CRC
and VLAN(s). For units with HW revision C and higher, the maximum length of an
Ethernet packet that can be accepted from or transmitted to the Ethernet port
(excluding CRC) is 1600 bytes, including VLAN(s) for single or double-tagged
packets.
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The unit transmits valid data frames received from the wireless medium to the
Ethernet port, as well as internally generated frames, such as responses to
management queries and pings received via the Ethernet port.
The Ethernet Counters include the following statistics:
Total received frames via Ethernet: The total number of frames received
from the Ethernet port. This counter includes both invalid frames (with errors)
and valid frames (without errors).
Transmitted wireless to Ethernet: The number of frames transmitted by the
unit to the Ethernet port. These are generally frames received from the
wireless side, but also include frames generated by the unit itself.
4.2.5.1.2
WLAN Counters
The unit submits data frames received from the Ethernet port to the internal
bridge, as well as self generated control and wireless management frames. After a
unicast data frame is transmitted, the unit waits for an acknowledgement (ACK)
message from the receiving unit. Some control and wireless management frames,
as well as broadcast and multicast frames sent to more than one unit, are not
acknowledged. If an ACK is not received after a predefined time, which is
determined by the Maximum Cell distance parameter, the unit retransmits the
frame until an ACK is received. If an ACK is not received before the number of
retransmissions has reached a maximum predefined number, which is
determined by the Number of HW Retries parameter, the frame is dropped.
Each packet to be transmitted to the wireless link is transferred to one of three
queues: Low, Medium and High. Packets in the High queue have the highest
priority for transmission, and those in the Low queue have the lowest priority.
The packets in the High queue will be transmitted first. When this queue is
emptied, the packets in the Medium queue will be sent. Finally, when both the
High and Medium queues are empty, the packets in the Low queue will be sent.
Data packets are routed to either the High or Low queue, according to the queue
selected for them before the MIR/CIR mechanism (for more information see
section 4.2.6.6.3).
Broadcasts/multicasts are routed to the Medium queue (applicable only for AU).
Control and wireless management frames generated in the unit are routed to the
High queue.
Any frame coming from the Ethernet port, which is meant to reach another
BreezeACCESS VL unit via the wireless port (as opposed to messages intended for
stations behind other BreezeACCESS VL units), is sent to the High queue,
regardless of the priority configuration.
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The Wireless Link Counters include the following statistics:
Total transmitted frames to wireless: The number of frames transmitted to
the wireless medium. The total includes one count for each successfully
transmitted unicast frame (excluding retransmissions), and the number of
transmitted multicast and broadcast frames, including control and wireless
management frames. In the AU, there are also separate counters for the
following:
Beacons (AU only)
Management and Other Data frames, including successfully transmitted
unicast frames and multicast/broadcast data frames (excluding
retransmissions, excluding Beacons in AU)
Total Transmitted Unicasts (AU only): The number of unicast frames
successfully transmitted to the wireless medium, excluding retransmissions.
This count is useful for calculating the rates of retransmissions or dropped
frames, as only unicast frames are retransmitted if not acknowledged.
Total submitted frames (bridge): The total number of data frames submitted
to the internal bridge for transmission to the wireless medium. The count
does not include control and wireless management frames, or
retransmissions. There are also separate counts for each priority queue
through which the frames were routed (High, Mid and Low).
Frames dropped (too many retries): The number of dropped frames, which
are unsuccessfully retransmitted without being acknowledged until the
maximum permitted number of retransmissions. This count includes dropped
data frames as well as dropped control and wireless management frames.
Total retransmitted frames: The total number of retransmissions, including
all unsuccessful transmissions and retransmissions.
Total transmitted concatenated frames: The total number of concatenated
frames transmitted successfully to the wireless medium, excluding
retransmissions. There are also separate counts for concatenated frames that
include one frame (Single), two frames (Double) or more than two frames
(More). For more details refer to section 4.2.6.5.10.
Total Tx events: The total number of transmit events. Typically,
transmission events include cases where transmission of a frame was delayed
or was aborted before completion. The following additional counters are
displayed to indicate the reason for and the nature of the event:
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Dropped: The number of dropped frames, which are unsuccessfully
retransmitted without being acknowledged until the maximum permitted
number of retransmissions.
Underrun: The number of times that transmission of a frame was aborted
because the rate of submitting frames for transmission exceeds the
available transmission capability.
Others: The number of frames whose transmission was not completed or
delayed due to a problem other than those represented by the other
counters.
Total received frames from wireless: The total number of frames received
from the wireless medium. The count includes data frames as well as control
and wireless management frames. The count does not include bad frames and
duplicate frames. For a description of these frames, refer to Bad frames
received and Duplicate frames discarded below.
Total received data frames: The total number of data frames received from
the wireless medium, including duplicate frames. Refer to Duplicate frames
discarded below.
Total Rx events: The total number of frames that were not received properly.
The following additional counters are displayed to indicate the reason for the
failure:
Phy: The number of Phy errors (unidentified signals).
CRC: The number of frames received from the wireless medium containing
CRC errors.
Overrun: The number of frames that were discarded because the receive
rate exceeded the processing capability or the capacity of the Ethernet
port.
Decrypt: The number of frames that were not received properly due to a
problem in the data decryption mechanism.
Total received concatenated frames: The total number of concatenated
frames received from the wireless medium, including duplicate frames. There
are also separate counts for concatenated frames that include one frame
(Single), two frames (Double) or more than two frames (More). For more details
refer to section 4.2.6.5.10.
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Bad fragments received: The number of fragments received from the wireless
medium containing CRC errors.
Duplicate frames discarded: The number of data frames discarded because
multiple copies were received. If an acknowledgement message is not received
by the originating unit, the same data frame can be received more than once.
Although duplicate frames are included in all counters that include data
frames, only the first copy is forwarded to the Ethernet port.
Internally discarded MIR\CIR: The number of data frames received from the
Ethernet port that were discarded by the MIR/CIR mechanism to avoid
exceeding the maximum permitted information rate.
4.2.5.2
Ping Test
The Ping Test submenu is used to control pinging from the unit and includes the
following options:
Destination IP Address: The destination IP address of the device being
pinged. The default IP address is 192.0.0.1.
Number of Pings to Send: The number of ping attempts per session. The
available range is from 0 to 9999. The default value is 1. Select 0 for
continuous pinging.
Ping Frame Length: The ping packet size. The available range is from 60 to
1472 bytes. The default value is 64 bytes.
Ping Frame Timeout: The ping frame timeout, which is the amount of time
(in ms) between ping attempts. The available range is from 100 to 60,000 ms.
The default value is 200 ms.
Start Sending: Starts the transmission of ping frames.
Stop Sending: Stops the transmission of ping frames. The test is
automatically ended when the number of pings has reached the value
specified in the No. of Pings parameter, described above. The Stop Sending
option can be used to end the test before completing the specified number of
pings, or if continuous pinging is selected.
Show Ping Test Values: Displays the current values of the ping test
parameters, the transmission status, which means whether it is currently
sending or not sending pings, the number of pings sent, and the number of
pings received, which means the number of acknowledged frames.
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4.2.5.3
Link Quality (SU only)
The Link Quality submenu enables viewing continuously updated information on
the quality of the wireless link. The Link quality submenu includes the following
options:
4.2.5.3.1
Continuous Average SNR Display
The Continuous Average SNR Display option displays continuously updated
information regarding the average quality of the received signal, using Signal to
Noise Ratio (SNR) measurements.
Click the Esc key to abort the test.
4.2.5.3.2
Continuous UpLink Quality Indicator Display
The Continuous UpLink Quality Indicator Display option displays continuously
updated information regarding the average quality of the wireless link to the AU,
using the dynamically updated average modulation level measurements. The Link
Quality Indicator (LQI) calculation is performed using the formula:
LQI = (0.9 x ”Previous LQI”) + (0.1 x ”Last Successful Modulation Level”).
Each successful transmit will be included in this average, by using the
modulation level in which the frame was successfully transmitted as the “Last
Successful Modulation Level”.
In order to receive quick and reliable LQI measurements, there should be
sufficient traffic between the SU and the AU. It is recommended to have traffic of
at least 100 packets per second. The traffic can be generated either by an
external utility (FTP session, ping generator, etc.) or by the Ping Test option in the
Site Survey menu with the appropriate settings (see section 4.2.5.2).
NOTE
If Limited Test is indicated next to the LQI results, it means that the results may not indicate the true
quality, as not all modulation levels from 1 to 8 are available. The limitation may be due to the HW
of the unit (HW Revision A), or the applicable parameters in the country code, or the configurable
Maximum Modulation Level parameter.
Click the Esc key to abort the test.
4.2.5.4
MAC Address Database
4.2.5.4.1
MAC Address Database in AU
The MAC Address Database option in the AU displays information regarding the
Subscriber Units associated with the AU, as well as bridging (forwarding)
information. When DRAP is supported, it enables viewing details on the active
Gateways in the sector. The following options are available:
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Display Bridging and Association Info: The Display Bridging and
Association Info option displays a list of all the Subscriber Units and stations
in the AU's Forwarding Database. For stations behind an SU, the SU's MAC
address is also displayed (SU Address).
Each MAC address entry is followed by a description, which may include the
following:
Et (Ethernet): An address learned from the Ethernet port.
Vp (Virtual port): An address of a node behind an associated SU. For
these addresses, learned from the wireless port, the address of the
applicable SU is also displayed (in parenthesis).
St (Static): An associated SU. For these entries, the following details are
also displayed: SU Unit Name, SU SW version, SU Unit Type and SU’s
Distance from the AU.
X: An SU that is included in the Deny List.
Sp (Special): 7 addresses that are always present, including:
The MAC address of the AU, which appears twice as it is learned from
both the Ethernet and wireless ports.
The MAC address of the internal Operating System stack, which also
appears twice.
Alvarion's Multicast address (01-20-D6-00-00-01, which also appears
twice. The system treats this address as a Broadcast address.
The Ethernet Broadcast address (FF-FF-FF-FF-FF-FF).
In addition, a summary table displays information about the Forwarding
Database (Bridging Info) and the Associated Subscriber Units Database
(Association Info). Each database includes the following information:
The current number of entries. For Bridging Info this includes the Et
(Ethernet) and the Vp (Virtual ports) entries. For Association Info this is
the number of the currently associated SUs.
NOTE
There is no aging algorithm for associated SUs. An SU is only removed from the list of associated
SUs under the following conditions:
A SNAP frame is received from another AU indicating that the SU is now associated with the
other AU.
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The SU failed to respond to 50 consecutive frames transmitted by the AU and is considered to
have "aged out".
The aging time specified for entries in these tables. The aging time for
Bridging Info is as specified by the Bridge Aging Time parameter. The
default is 300 seconds. There is no aging time for Association Info entries.
The maximum number of entries permitted for these tables, which are
1017 (1024 minus the number of special Sp addresses as defined above)
for Bridging Info and as specified by the Maximum Number of
Associations parameter for Association Info. The default value of the
Maximum Number of Associations parameter is 512.
NOTE
When Data Encryption is enabled, the actual maximum number of associations is limited to 124.
The displayed number is the value configured for the Maximum Number of Associations parameter,
which might be higher than the actual limit.
Display Association Info: Displays information regarding the Subscriber
Units associated with the AU. Each list entry includes the following
information:
The MAC Address of the associated Subscriber Unit
Age in seconds, indicating the elapsed time since receiving the last packet
from the Subscriber Unit.
The value configured for the Maximum Modulation Level parameter of the
Subscriber Unit
The Status of the Subscriber Unit. There are three options:
Associated
Authenticated
Not Authenticated (a temporary status)
The various status states are described below (this is a simplified
description of the association process without the effects of the Best AU
algorithm).
Table 4-4: Authentication and Association Process
Message
Direction
Status in AU
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Table 4-4: Authentication and Association Process
Message
Direction
Status in AU
SU Status: Scanning
A Beacon with correct ESSID
AU SU
Authentication Request
SU AU
Not authenticated
Authentication Successful
AU SU
Authenticated
Association Request
SU AU
Authenticated
Association Successful
AU SU
Associated
ACK
SU AU
Associated
Data Traffic
SU AU
Associated
SU Status: Synchronized
SU Status: Authenticated
SU Status: Associated
The SNR measured at the SU
The Unit Name of the SU.
The SW version of the SU.
The Unit Type of the SU.
Distance.
In addition, a summary table displays information about the Forwarding
Database (Bridging Info). The database includes the following information:
The current number of entries. This is the number of currently associated
SUs.
NOTE
There is no aging algorithm for associated SUs. An SU is only removed from the list of associated
SUs under the following conditions:
A SNAP frame is received from another AU indicating that the SU is now associated with the
other AU.
The SU failed to respond to 50 consecutive frames transmitted by the AU and is considered to
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have "aged out".
The aging time specified for entries in these table. There is no aging time
for Association Info entries.
The maximum number of entries permitted for this table, which is
specified by the Maximum Number of Associations parameter. The
default value of the Maximum Number of Associations parameter is 512.
Show MIR/CIR Database: Displays information on the MIR/CIR support for
associated Subscriber Units.
Each entry includes the following information:
The MAC address of the associated Subscriber Unit
The values of the MIR and CIR parameters configured in the applicable SU
for the downlink (AU to SU) and for the uplink (SU to AU).
The value configured in the applicable SU for the Maximum Delay
parameter.
The maximum data rate of the Subscriber Unit
Display MAC Pinpoint Table: The MAC Pinpoint table provides for each of
the Ethernet stations (identified by the MAC Address) connected to either the
AU or to any of the SUs served by it, the identity (MAC Address) of the
wireless device to which they are connected.
Gateways Table: When the DRAP option is supported, the Gateways Table
provides details on the active Gateways connected to any of the SUs served by
the AU. For each Gateway, the displayed information includes:
Gateway Type (VG-1D1V, VG-1D2V, NG-4D1W)
IP Address
Number of Voice Calls (applicable only to Voice Gateways)
4.2.5.4.2
MAC Address Database in SU
The MAC Address Database option in the SU displays information regarding the
Subscriber Units bridging (forwarding) information. The following option is
available:
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Display Bridging Info: The Display Bridging Info option displays a list of all
the stations in the SU's Forwarding Database.
Each MAC address entry is followed by a description, which may include the
following:
Et (Ethernet): An address learned from the Ethernet port.
Wl (Wireless): An address of a node behind the associated AU, learned via
the wireless port.
Sp (Special): 8 addresses that are always present, including:
The MAC address of the SU, which appears twice as it is learned from
both the Ethernet and wireless ports.
The MAC address if the internal Operating System’s stack, which also
appears twice.
Alvarion's Multicast address (01-20-D6-00-00-01), which also appears
twice. The system treats this address as a Broadcast address.
Alvarion's special Multicast address (01-20-D6-00-00-05), reserved for
future use.
The Ethernet Broadcast address (FF-FF-FF-FF-FF-FF).
In addition, a summary table displays information about the Forwarding
Database (Bridging Info). The summary table includes the current number of
entries, the aging time specified by the Bridge Aging Time parameter and the
maximum number of entries permitted for this table, which is 1016.
4.2.5.5
Per Modulation Level Counters
The Per Modulation Level Counters display statistics relating to wireless link
performance at different radio modulation levels. The Per Modulation Level
Counters menu includes the following options:
Display Counters: Select this option to display the current values of the Per
Modulation Level Counters.
Reset Counters: Select this option to reset the Per Modulation Level
Counters.
The statistics show the number of frames accumulated in different categories
since the last reset.
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For SUs, the Per Modulation Level Counters display the following information for
each modulation level supported by the unit:
SUCCESS: The total number of successfully transmitted unicasts at the
applicable modulation level.
FAILED: The total number of failures to successfully transmit unicast frame
during a HW Retry cycle at the applicable modulation level.
In addition, the Average Modulation Level (AML) is also displayed. This is the
average modulation level (rounded to the nearest integer) since the last time the
Per Modulation Level counters were reset. The average is calculated using the
SUCCESS count at each modulation level as weights.
For AUs, the SUCCESS and FAILED counts are provided for each of the
associated SUs, which are identified by their MAC address.
4.2.5.6
Link Capability
The Link Capability option provides information on HW and SW capabilities of
relevant units. In an AU, the information provided in the Link Capability reports
is for all associated SUs. In an SU, the Link Capability reports include
information on all AUs in the neighboring AUs table (all AUs with whom the SU
can communicate).
The Link Capability feature enables to adapt the configuration of the unit
according to the capabilities of other relevant unit(s) to ensure optimal operation.
The Link Capability submenu includes the following options:
4.2.5.6.1
Show Link Capability-General
Select this option to view information on general parameters of relevant units. For
each relevant unit, identified by its MAC address, the following details are
displayed:
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HwVer: the hardware version of the unit.
CpldVer: The version of the Complex Programmable Logic Device (CPLD) used
in the unit. This parameter is available only in AUs, displaying the CPLD
version in the relevant SU.
Country: The 3 or 4 digits country code supported by the unit.
SwVer: The SW version used by the unit. This parameter is available only in
SUs, displaying the SW version in the relevant AU.
BootVer: The Boot Version of the unit. This parameter is available only in
AUs, displaying the Boot version in the relevant SU.
4.2.5.6.2
Show Link Capability-Wireless Link Configuration
Select this option to view information on current wireless link parameters of
relevant units. For each relevant unit, identified by its MAC address, the following
details are displayed:
ATPC Option: Enable or Disable.
Adaptive Modulation Option: Enable or Disable.
Burst Mode Option: Enable or Disable.
DFS Option: Enable or Disable. This parameter is available only in SUs,
displaying the current option in the relevant AU.
Concatenation Option: Enable or Disable.
Country Code Learning by SU: Enable or Disable. This parameter is
available only in SUs, displaying the current option in the relevant AU.
Per SU Distance Learning: Enable or Disable. This parameter is available
only in SUs, displaying the current option in the relevant AU.
4.2.5.6.3
Show Link Capability-Security Configuration
Select this option to view information on current security related parameters of
relevant units. For each relevant unit, identified by its MAC address, the following
details are displayed:
Security Mode: WEP, AES OCB or FIPS 197.
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Authentication Algorithm: Shared Key or Open System.
Data Encryption Option: Enable or Disable.
4.2.5.6.4
Show Link Capability by AU (SU only)
Select this option to view all capabilities information (General, wireless Link
Configuration, Security Configuration) of a selected AU (by its MAC address).
4.2.5.6.5
Show Link Capability by SU (AU only)
Select this option to view all capabilities information (General, Wireless Link
Configuration, Security Configuration) of a selected SU (by its MAC address).
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4.2.6
Advanced Configuration Menu
The Advanced Configuration menu provides access to all parameters, including
the parameters available through the Basic Configuration menu.
The Advanced Configuration menu enables accessing the following menus:
IP Parameters
Air Interface Parameters
Network Management Parameters
Bridge Parameters
Performance Parameters
Service Parameters
Security Parameters
4.2.6.1
IP Parameters
The IP Parameters menu enables defining IP parameters for the selected unit and
determining its method of IP parameter acquisition.
The IP Parameters menu includes the following options:
IP Address
Subnet Mask
Default Gateway Address
DHCP Client
4.2.6.1.1
IP Address
The IP Address parameter defines the IP address of the unit.
The default IP address is 10.0.0.1.
4.2.6.1.2
Subnet Mask
The Subnet Mask parameter defines the subnet mask for the IP address of the
unit.
The default mask is 255.0.0.0.
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4.2.6.1.3
Default Gateway Address
The Default Gateway Address parameter defines the IP address of the unit's
default gateway.
The default value for the default gateway address is 0.0.0.0.
4.2.6.1.4
DHCP Client
The DHCP Client submenu includes parameters that define the method of IP
parameters acquisition.
The DHCP Client submenu includes the following options:
DHCP Option
Access to DHCP
4.2.6.1.4.1 DHCP Option
The DHCP Option displays the current status of the DHCP support, and allows
selecting a new operation mode. Select from the following options:
Select Disable to configure the IP parameters manually. If this option is
selected, configure the static IP parameters as described above.
Select DHCP Only to cause the unit to search for and acquire its IP
parameters, including the IP address, subnet mask and default gateway, from
a DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) server only. If this option is
selected, you must select the port(s) through which the unit searches for and
communicates with the DHCP server, as described in section 4.2.6.1.4.2. You
do not have to configure static IP parameters for the unit. DHCP messages are
handled by the units as management frames.
Select Automatic to cause the unit to search for a DHCP server and acquire
its IP parameters from the server. If a DCHP server is not located within
approximately 40 seconds, the currently configured parameters are used. If
this option is selected, you must configure the static IP parameters as
described above. In addition, you must select the port(s) through which the
unit searches for and communicates with the DHCP server, as described in
section 4.2.6.1.4.2.
The default is Disable.
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4.2.6.1.4.2 Access to DHCP
The Access to DHCP option enables defining the port through which the unit
searches for and communicates with a DHCP server. Select from the following
options:
From Wireless Link Only
From Ethernet Only
From Both Ethernet and Wireless Link
The default for Access Units is From Ethernet Only. The default for Subscriber
Units is From Wireless Link Only.
4.2.6.1.5
Show IP Parameters
The Show IP Parameters option displays the current values of the IP parameters,
including the Run Time IP Address, Run Time Subnet Mask and Run Time
Default Gateway Address.
4.2.6.2
Air Interface Parameters
The Air Interface Parameters menu enables viewing the current Air Interface
parameters defined for the unit and configuring new values for each of the
relevant parameters.
4.2.6.2.1
Country Code and Sub-Bands
Each country has its own regulations regarding operation modes and parameters
such as allowable frequencies and bandwidth, the need to employ an automatic
mechanism for detection and avoidance of frequencies used by radar systems,
maximum transmit power at each of the supported modulation levels and the
ability to use burst transmissions. To efficiently manage these country dependent
parameters, each unit has a ‘Country Code’ parameter and a set of accompanying
parameters, which depend on this country code. Where more than one set of
parameters can be used, the available sets are defined as Sub-Bands, selectable
through the Frequency configuration menu.
4.2.6.2.2
ESSID Parameters
The ESSID (Extended Service Set ID) is a string used to identify a wireless
network and to prevent the unintentional merging of two wireless networks or two
sectors in the same network. Typically, a different ESSID is defined for each AU.
To facilitate easy addition of SUs to an existing network without a prior
knowledge of which specific AU will serve it, and to support the Best AU feature,
a secondary "global" ESSID, namely "Operator ESSID", can be configured in the
AU. If the Operator ESSID Option is enabled at the AU, the Beacon frames
transmitted by it will include both the ESSID and Operator ESSID. The SU shall
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regard such frames if either the ESSID or the Operator ESSID matches it own
ESSID. The ESSID of the AU with which the SU is eventually associated is
defined as the Run-Time ESSID of the SU. Typically, the initial ESSID of the SU
is configured to the value of the Operator ESSID. When the SU has become
associated with a specific AU, its ESSID can be reconfigured to the value of the
ESSID of the AU.
4.2.6.2.2.1 ESSID
The ESSID parameter defines the ESSID of the unit.
Valid values: A string of up to 31 printable ASCII characters.
The default value is ESSID1.
NOTE
The ESSID string is case sensitive.
4.2.6.2.2.2 Operator ESSID Parameters (AU only)
The Operator ESSID Parameters submenu includes the following parameters:
4.2.6.2.2.2.1 Operator ESSID Option
The Operator ESSID Option enables or disables the use of Operator ESSID for
establishing association with SUs.
The default is Enable.
4.2.6.2.2.2.2 Operator ESSID
The Operator ESSID parameter defines the Operator ESSID.
Valid values: A string of up to 31 printable ASCII characters.
The default value is ESSID1.
NOTE
The Operator ESSID string is case sensitive.
4.2.6.2.3
Frequency Definition Parameters
4.2.6.2.3.1 Sub-Bands and Frequency Selection
Each unit is delivered with one or more pre-configured Sub-Bands, according to
the country code. These sets of parameters include also the frequencies that can
be used and the bandwidth.
The parameters that determine the frequency to be used are set in the AU. If
more than one Sub-Band is available, the sub-band to be used can be selected. If
only one Sub-Band is supported, then the sub-band selection option is not
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available. The SU should be configured with a minimal set of parameters to
ensure that it will be able to automatically detect and use the
frequency/bandwidth used by the AU, including possible changes in this
frequency (Automatic Sub Band Select feature).
To simplify the installation process the SU scans a definable frequencies subset
after power-up. The defined frequencies subsets may include frequencies from
more than one Sub-Band, enabling automatic detection of both frequency and
bandwidth. If the Best AU feature is enabled, the SU will scan the defined subset
and the operating frequency/bandwidth will be determined by the Best AU
mechanism (including the optional use of the Preferred AU feature). Otherwise
the SU will try to associate with the first AU it finds. If no AU is found, the SU will
start another scanning cycle.
4.2.6.2.3.2 Avoiding Frequencies with Radar Activity
In some regions, it is important to ensure that wireless access equipment does
not interfere with certain radar systems in the 5 GHz band. If radar is being
detected, the wireless access network should move automatically to a frequency
that does not interfere with the radar system.
The country dependent set of parameters includes also an indication whether
DFS (Dynamic Frequency Selection) should be used. The DFS algorithm is
designed to detect and avoid operation in channels with radar activity. If the
current sub-band does not support DFS, then the DFS parameters configuration
submenu is not available.
When the DFS Option is enabled, the AU monitors the spectrum continuously,
searching for signals with a specific pattern indication radar activity. Upon
detecting radar activity, the AU immediately stops transmitting on this frequency
and starts looking for another radar-free frequency. The subset of viable
frequencies is configurable.
The AU maintains a continuously updated database of all applicable frequencies,
where each frequency is marked as Radar Free, Radar Detected or Adjacent to
Radar. The AU attempts to check a new frequency only if it is marked as Radar
Free. If a radar activity was detected on a certain frequency, it will be marked in
the database as a Radar Detected frequency. The AU will not attempt to check for
radar activity in frequencies marked as Radar Detected. A certain time after
detecting radar activity on a frequency, it will be removed from the list of Radar
Detected frequencies and will be marked as Radar Free. If radar activity was
detected on a certain frequency, adjacent channels should not be used as well,
according to the bandwidth. For instance, if the bandwidth is 20 MHz, then if
radar activity was detected in 5800 MHz, frequencies 5790 MHz and 5810 MHz
should not be used as well. These frequencies are marked in the database as
Adjacent to Radar, and will be treated the same as Radar Detected frequencies.
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Before ceasing transmission on the frequency where radar signals had been
detected, the AU sends a special disassociation message to its associated SUs.
This message includes an indication whether the SUs should wait for this AU. If
the SUs should wait, the message includes also the waiting time. During this
time each SU searches for the AU in the defined frequencies subset. If the AU was
not found within the waiting time, or if a waiting request was not included in the
message, the SU starts searching for any AU, using the Best AU mechanism if
applicable.
Typically, operators prefer to preserve the original frequency planning and to
avoid moving to a new channel unless they are sure that there is a continuous
radar activity in the original channel. It should be noted that detection of radar
activity does not necessarily indicate a continuous radar activity in the channel.
A channel reuse algorithm enables returning to the original channel under
certain conditions that indicates low radar activity on the channel.
4.2.6.2.4
Frequency Definition Submenu in AU
The Frequency Definition submenu in AU includes the following parameters:
4.2.6.2.4.1 Sub-Band Select
This parameter is available only if the country code supports two or more SubBands. For information on how to view the Sub-Bands supported by the unit and
the supported parameters’ values and options, refer to section 4.2.2.4.
The range depends on the number of Sub-Bands supported by the country code.
The default selection is Sub-Band 1.
4.2.6.2.4.2 Frequency
The Frequency parameter defines the transmit/receive frequency when the DFS
Option is not enabled. If the DFS Option is enabled, it sets the initial operational
frequency upon starting the DFS mechanism for the first time.
The range depends on the selected Sub-Band.
The default is the lowest frequency in the Sub-Band.
CAUTION
a. In units using Country Code 1023 (FCC 5.3 GHz), for full compliance with FCC regulations the
Transmit Power parameter in the AU when operating at 5270 MHz with a 20 MHz bandwidth, and
the Maximum Tx Power parameter in the SUs connected to this AU, should not be set to a value
above “17-Antenna Gain” (The maximum allowed EIRP for 5270 MHz is 17 dBm).
b. In units using Country Code 392 (4.9 GHz Japan, regular - not B&B point-to-point) with a 10 MHz
bandwidth, the following rules must be met for full compliance with regulations:
When operating at 4945 MHz, the Transmit Power parameter in the AU should not be set to a
value above 11 dBm. The Maximum Transmit Power of the SU should not be set to a value
above 10 dBm.
When operating at 5055 MHz, the Transmit Power parameter in the AU should not be set to a
value above 13 dBm. The Maximum Transmit power of the SU should not be set to a value
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above 10 dBm.
This requirement, although not indicated in the certification document, is needed following the tests
performed in the certification lab.
4.2.6.2.4.3 DFS Parameters
The DFS Parameters submenu is available only if DFS is supported by the
current Sub-Band. The DFS Parameters submenu includes the following
parameters:
4.2.6.2.4.3.1 DFS Option
The DFS Option enables or disables the radar detection and dynamic frequency
selection mechanism.
The default is Enable.
4.2.6.2.4.3.2 Frequency Subset Definition
The Frequency Subset Definition parameter defines the frequencies that will be
used in the DFS mechanism. The available frequencies according to the SubBand are displayed, and each of the frequencies in the list is associated with an
index. The frequencies subset can be defined by entering the indexes of the
required frequencies, or “A” to select all available frequencies.
The default is the complete list of frequencies available in the Sub-Band.
4.2.6.2.4.3.3 Channel Check Time
The Channel Check Time defines the time allocated for checking whether there is
a radar activity on a new frequency after power up or after attempting to move to
a new frequency upon detecting radar activity on the previously used frequency.
During this time the AU does not transmit.
The range is 1 to 3600 seconds.
The default is 60 seconds.
4.2.6.2.4.3.4 Channel Avoidance Period
The Channel Avoidance Period defines the time that the frequency will remain
marked in the database as Radar Detected or Adjacent to Radar after detecting
radar activity. These frequencies will not be used when searching for a new
frequency. When this time has elapsed, the unit frequency’s marking will change
to Radar Free.
The range is 1 to 60 minutes.
The default is 30 minutes.
4.2.6.2.4.3.5 SU Waiting Option
The SU Waiting Option defines whether the disassociation message sent by the
AU, after detecting radar activity on the current frequency, will include a message
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instructing the SU to search only for the AU before attempting to search for
another AU. The message includes also the time period during which the SU
should not search for any other AU. The waiting time is the Channel Check Time
plus 5 seconds.
The default is Enable.
4.2.6.2.4.3.6 Minimum Pulses to Detect
The Minimum Pulses to Detect parameter defines the minimum number of radar
pulses that should be detected before reaching a decision that radar is active on
the channel.
The range is from 1 to 100 pulses.
The default is 6 pulses.
4.2.6.2.4.3.7 Clear Radar Detected Channels After Reset
When the Clear Radar Detected Channels After Reset is enabled, after the next
reset all viable frequencies will be marked in the database as Radar Free,
including frequencies previously marked as either Radar Detected or Adjacent to
Radar. In addition, the AU will start operation using its default frequency.
The default is Disable.
4.2.6.2.4.4 Channel Reuse Parameters (DFS+)
The Channel Reuse algorithm enables returning to the original channel under
certain conditions that indicate low radar activity on the original channel. The
conditions are that radar was detected in this channel not more than N times
(Maximum Number of Detections in Assessment Period) during the last T hours
(Radar Activity Assessment Period). When the Channel Reuse Option is enabled,
then by the end of the Channel Avoidance Period the unit will attempt returning
to the original frequency, provided these conditions are met.
The Channel Reuse Parameters submenu includes the following options:
Channel Reuse Option: Enabling/disabling the Channel Reuse algorithm.
The default is Disable.
Radar Activity Assessment Period: The period in hours used for assessment
of radar activity in the original channel.
The range is 1 to 12 hours.
The default is 5 hours.
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Maximum Number of Detections in Assessment Period: The maximum
number of radar detections in the original channel during the Radar Activity
Assessment Period that is required for reaching a decision to try again the
original channel.
The range is 1 to 10 radar detections.
The default is 5 radar detections.
4.2.6.2.4.4.1 Show DFS Settings And Data
Upon selecting the Show DFS Settings and Data, the values of all DFS
parameters and the current operating frequency will be displayed. The current
defined frequency subset as well as the defined subset (to be used after the next
reset) are also displayed. In addition, all the applicable frequencies will be
displayed together with their status in the database (Radar Free, Radar Detected
or Adjacent to Radar).
4.2.6.2.4.5 Country Code Learning by SU
This feature support simplified installation and updates processes by enabling
the SU to adapt the Country Code used by the AU.
The AU advertises its country code in every beacon and association response
message. Upon synchronization the SU will check if its country code and the
country code received from the AU are the same. If they are not the same and the
Country Code Learning by SU is enabled, the SU will use the AU’s country code:
the country code derived limitations will be forced and the following parameters
will be set according to new country definitions:
Maximum TX Power will be set to the maximum defined by the country code.
TX Power will be set to the maximum defined by the country code.
The Modulation Level will be set to the maximum modulation level defined by
the country code.
The Multicast Modulation Level will be set to the minimum modulation level
defined by the country code.
The Burst Mode will be set to enable if the country code supports burst mode,
and the burst duration will be set to default.
After country code learning (adaptation) the unit is automatically reset. Before
this automatic reset, if the unit is running from the shadow version, the versions
must be swapped and the running version must be set as main. This is done to
avoid returning to the previous version, which occurs automatically after the
reset.
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The default is Enable.
NOTE
The Country Code Learning by SU feature does not function with the default ESSID (ESSID1).
4.2.6.2.4.6 Show Frequency definitions
Upon selecting Show Frequency Definitions, the selected Sub-Band and
Frequency are displayed. In addition, all the parameters displayed upon selecting
Show DFS Settings and Data are also displayed.
4.2.6.2.5
Frequency Definition Submenu in SU
4.2.6.2.5.1 User Defined Frequency Subsets
The User Defined Frequency Subsets menu enables defining for each of the
available Sub-Bands the frequencies that will be used by the SU when scanning
for an AU. For each available Sub-Band, the available frequencies are displayed,
and an index is associated with each frequency. Enter either the desired
frequency indexes, ‘A’ (All) for using all frequencies in the subset or ‘N’ (None) for
not scanning that sub-band.
The default is all frequencies in all available sub-bands.
4.2.6.2.5.2 Show Frequency Definitions
Upon selecting the Show Frequency Definitions, the selected frequencies in the
available Sub-Bands and the current operating frequency are displayed.
4.2.6.2.6
Best AU Parameters (SU)
An SU that can communicate with more than one AU using the same ESSID may
become associated with the first AU it "finds", not necessarily the best choice in
terms of quality of communication. The same limitation also exists if only one AU
in the neighborhood has an ESSID identical to the one used by the SU, as it is
not always necessarily the best choice.
The topology of a fixed access network is constantly changing. Changes in base
station deployment and subscriber density can accumulate to create substantial
changes in SU performance. The quest for load sharing together with the desire to
create best throughput conditions for the SU created the need for the Best AU
feature, to enable an SU to connect to the best AU in its neighborhood.
When the Best AU feature is used, each of the AUs is given a quality mark based
on the level at which it is received by the SU. The SU scans for a configured
number of cycles, gathering information from all the AUs with which it can
communicate. At the end of the scanning period, the SU reaches a Best AU
decision according to the information gathered. The AU with the highest quality
mark is selected as the Best AU, and the SU will immediately try to associate with
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it. The quality mark given to each AU depends on the level at which it is received
by the SU.
The Best AU selection mechanism can be overridden by defining a specific AU as
the preferred AU.
NOTE
Although the SU selects the Best AU based on long-term conditions prior to the decision time, it
may not always be connected to the instantaneous Best AU at any given time. Note also that the
decision is made only once during the scanning interval. The decision may not remain the optimal
one for ever. If there are significant changes in deployment of neighboring AUs and the SUs served
by them, overall performance may be improved if the applicable SUs are reset intentionally so as to
re-initiate the Best AU decision process.
The Best AU Parameters menu includes the following options:
4.2.6.2.6.1 Best AU Support
The Best AU Support option enables or disables the Best AU selection feature.
The default is Disable.
NOTE
If the Best AU feature is not used, the SU associates with the first AU it finds whose ESSID or
Operator ESSID is identical to its own ESSID.
4.2.6.2.6.2 Number Of Scanning Attempts
When the Best AU option is enabled, the SU gathers information on neighboring
AUs for approximately 2 seconds on each of the scanned frequencies. The
Number of Scanning Attempts parameter defines the number of times that the
process will be repeated for all relevant frequencies. A higher number may result
in a better decision at the cost of an increased scanning time during which the
SU is not operational.
Valid values: 1 - 255.
Default value: 4.
4.2.6.2.6.3 Preferred AU MAC Address
The Preferred AU MAC Address parameter defines a specific AU with which the
SU should associate. Gaining control of the SUs association is a powerful tool in
network management. The Preferred AU MAC Address parameter is intended for
applications where there is a need to dictate the preferred AU with which the SU
should associate. To prevent the SU from associating with the first viable AU it
finds, the Best AU Support mechanism should be enabled. Once the SU has
identified the preferred AU based on its MAC address, it will associate with it and
terminate the scanning process. If the preferred AU is not found, the SU will
associate with an AU according to the decision reached using the best AU
algorithm.
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Valid values: A MAC address string.
The default value for the Preferred AU MAC Address is 00-00-00-00-00-00 (12
zeros), meaning that there is no preferred AU.
4.2.6.2.6.4 Show Best AU Parameters and Data
The Show Best AU Parameters and Data option displays the applicable
information:
The Neighboring AU Data table displays the following details for each AU with
which the unit can communicate:
MAC Address
SNR of the received signal
Mark - The computed quality mark for the AU.
Full - The association load status of the AU. It is defined as full if the number
of SUs associated with the AU has reached the maximum allowed according to
the value of the Maximum Number of Associations parameter. An AU whose
associations load status is full cannot be selected as the Best AU, even if its
computed mark is the highest.
ESSID - The ESSID of the AU.
In addition to the neighboring AU data table, the following information is
displayed:
Best AU Support
Preferred AU MAC Address
Number of Scanning Attempts
Associated AU MAC Address (the MAC address of the selected AU)
4.2.6.2.7
Scanning Mode (SU only)
The Scanning Mode parameter defines whether the SU will use Passive or Active
scanning when searching for an AU.
In passive scanning, the SU “listens” to the wireless medium for approximately
two seconds at each frequency, searching for beacons. The disassociation period,
which is the time from the moment the link was lost until the SU decides that it
should start searching for another AU, is approximately seven seconds.
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In some situations when there is a high probability that SUs might need to roam
among different AUs, the use of active scanning enables to significantly reduce
the link establishment time. This is achieved by using shorter dwell periods,
transmitting a Probe Request at each frequency. This reduces the time spent at
each frequency as well as the disassociation period.
When DFS Option is enabled, Scanning Mode is forced to Passive.
The default selection is Passive.
4.2.6.2.8
Power Control Parameters
The Automatic Transmit Power Control (ATPC) algorithm simplifies the
installation process and ensures optimal performance while minimizing
interference to other units. This is achieved by automatically adjusting the power
level transmitted by each SU according to the actual level at which it is received
by the AU. To support proper operation of the system with optimal performance
and minimum interference between neighboring sectors, the ATPC algorithm
should be enabled in all units.
The algorithm is controlled by the AU that calculates for each received frame the
average SNR at which it receives transmissions from the specific SU. The average
calculation takes into account the previous calculated average, thus reducing the
effect of short temporary changes in link conditions. The weight of history (the
previous value) in the formula used for calculating the average SNR is determined
by a configurable parameter. In addition, the higher the time that has passed
since the last calculation, the lower the impact of history on the calculated
average. If the average SNR is not in the configured target range, the AU
transmits to the SU a power-up or a power-down message. The target is that each
SU will be received at an optimal level, or as high (or low) as possible if the
optimal range cannot be reached because of specific link conditions.
Each time that the SU tries to associate with the AU (following either a reset or
loss of synchronization), it will initiate transmissions using its Transmit Power
parameters. If after a certain time the SU does not succeed to synchronize with
the AU, it will start increasing the transmit power level.
In an AU the maximum supported transmit power is typically used to provide
maximum coverage. However, there may be a need to decrease the transmitted
power level in order to support relatively small cells and to minimize the
interference with the operation of neighboring cells, or for compliance with local
regulatory requirements.
In some cases the maximum transmit power of the SU should be limited to
ensure compliance with applicable regulations or for other reasons.
Different power levels may be used for different modulation levels by taking into
account possible HW limitations or regulatory restrictions.
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4.2.6.2.8.1 Transmit Power
The Transmit Power submenu includes the following options:
Transmit Power
Show Transmit Power Parameters
4.2.6.2.8.1.1 Transmit Power
In the AU, the Transmit Power parameter defines the fixed transmit power level
and is not part of the ATPC algorithm.
In the SU, the Transmit Power parameter defines the fixed transmit power level
when the ATPC algorithm is disabled. If the ATPC Option is enabled, the value
configured for this parameter serves for setting the initial value to be used by the
ATPC algorithm after either power up or losing synchronization with the AU.
The minimum value for the Transmit Power Parameter is -10 dBm (the ATPC may
reduce the actual transmit power of the SU to lower values). The maximum value
of the Transmit Power Parameter depends on several unit properties and
parameters:
The HW revision of the unit
The Maximum Allowed Tx Power as defined for the applicable Sub-Band.
The Maximum EIRP as defined for the applicable Sub-Band, together with the
value of the Antenna Gain. In certain countries the Maximum EIRP of some
equipment types cannot exceed a certain value. In these cases the Transmit
Power cannot exceed the value of (Maximum EIRP – Antenna Gain).
Maximum Tx Power parameter (in SU only)
For information on how to view the Sub-Bands supported by the unit and the
supported parameters’ values and options, refer to section 4.2.2.4.
The unit calculates the maximum allowed Transmit Power according to the unit
properties and parameters listed above, and displays the allowed range when a
Transmit Power parameter is selected.
For each modulation level, the unit will use as transmit power the minimum
between this parameter and the maximum Tx power allowed by the HW and the
Country Code for the specific modulation level.
The default Transmit Power is the highest allowed value.
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4.2.6.2.8.1.2 Show Transmit Power Parameters
This option displays the Transmit Power parameter and the current transmit
power for the different modulation levels.
4.2.6.2.8.2 Maximum Transmit Power (SU only)
The Maximum Transmit Power submenu includes the following options:
Maximum Tx Power
Show Maximum Tx Power Parameters
4.2.6.2.8.2.1 Maximum Tx Power
The Maximum Tx Power parameter limits the maximum transmit power that can
be reached by the ATPC algorithm. It also sets the upper limits for the Transmit
Power parameters.
The minimum value for the Maximum Tx Power is -10 dBm. The maximum value
depends on several unit properties and parameters:
The HW revision of the unit
The Maximum Allowed Tx Power as defined for the applicable Sub-Band.
The Maximum EIRP as defined for the applicable Sub-Band, together with the
value of the Antenna Gain. In certain countries the Maximum EIRP of some
equipment types cannot exceed a certain value. In these cases the Transmit
Power cannot exceed the value of (Maximum EIRP – Antenna Gain).
For information on how to view the Sub-Bands supported by the unit and the
supported parameters’ values and options, refer to section 4.2.2.4.
The unit calculates the maximum allowed Maximum Tx Power according to the
unit properties and parameters listed above, and displays the allowed range when
the Maximum Tx Power parameter is selected.
For each modulation level, the unit will use as maximum transmit power the
minimum between this parameter and the maximum Tx power allowed by the HW
and the Country Code for the specific modulation level.
The default Maximum Tx Power is the highest allowed value.
4.2.6.2.8.2.2 Show Maximum Tx Power Parameters
This option displays the Maximum Tx Power parameter and the current
maximum Tx power for the different modulation levels.
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4.2.6.2.8.3 ATPC Parameters in AU
4.2.6.2.8.3.1 ATPC Option
The ATPC Option enables or disables the Automatic Transmit Power Control
(ATPC) algorithm.
The default is Enable.
4.2.6.2.8.3.2 ATPC Minimum SNR Level
The Minimum SNR Level defines the lowest SNR at which you want each SU to be
received at the AU (the lower limit of the optimal reception level range).
Available values: 4 to 60 (dB).
Default value: 28 (dB).
4.2.6.2.8.3.3 ATPC Delta from Minimum SNR Level
The Delta from Minimum SNR Level is used to define the highest SNR at which
you want each SU to be received at the AU (the higher limit of the optimal
reception level range):
Max. Level=Minimum SNR Level + Delta from Minimum SNR Level.
Available values: 4 to 20 (dB).
Default value: 5 (dB) for units operating in the 5.4 and 5.8 GHz bands. 8 (dB) for
units operating in the 4.9, 5.2 and 5.3 GHz bands.
4.2.6.2.8.3.4 Minimum Interval Between ATPC Messages
The Minimum Interval Between ATPC Messages parameter sets the minimal time
between consecutive power-up/power-down messages to a specific SU. Setting a
low value for this parameter may lead to higher overhead and to an excessive rate
of power level changes at the SUs. High values for this parameter increase the
time it will take the SUs to reach optimal transmit power level.
Available values: 1 to 3600 seconds.
Default value: 30 seconds.
4.2.6.2.8.3.5 ATPC Power Level Step
The ATPC Power Level Step parameter defines the step size to be used by the SUs
for incrementing/decrementing the Current Transmit Power after receiving a
power-up/power-down message. If the distance between the value of the Current
Transmit Power and the desired range is smaller than the step size, the powerup/power-down message will include the specific step value required for this
condition.
Valid range: 1-20 (dB)
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Default value: 5 (dB)
4.2.6.2.8.4 ATPC Parameters in SU
4.2.6.2.8.4.1 ATPC Option
The ATPC Option enables or disables the Automatic Transmit Power Control
(ATPC) algorithm. The parameter takes effect immediately. However, when
changed from Enable to Disable, the transmit power level will remain at the last
Current Transmit Power determined by the ATPC algorithm before it was
disabled. It will change to the value configured for the Initial Transmit Power
parameter only after the next reset or following loss of synchronization.
The default is Enable.
NOTE
The accuracy of the Transmit Power level is typically +/- 1 dB. However, at levels that are 15 dB or
more below the maximum supported by the hardware, the accuracy is +/- 3 dB (for information on
hardware limitations refer to the Country Codes document). At these levels the use of ATPC may
cause significant fluctuations in the power level of the transmitted signal. When operating at such
low levels, it is recommended to disable the ATPC Option and to set the Transmit Power parameter
to the average Tx Power level before the ATPC was disabled.
4.2.6.2.8.5 Tx Control (AU only)
The Tx Control option enables turning Off/On the AU’s transmitter, or having the
AU Tx status controlled by the status of the Ethernet port/link.
If the selected option is Ethernet Status Control, then:
If the Ethernet link is down, the AU transmitter will be switched to Off
If the Ethernet link is up, the AU transmitter will be switched to On.
This feature can be used during maintenance or testing to avoid transmissions
using undesired parameters.
The parameter is available only when managing the unit from its Ethernet port.
The default is On.
4.2.6.2.9
Antenna Gain
The Antenna Gain parameter enables to define the net gain of a detached
antenna. The configured gain should take into account the attenuation of the
cable connecting the antenna to the unit. The Antenna Gain is important
especially in countries where there is a limit on the EIRP allowed for the unit; the
maximum allowed value for the Transmit Power parameters cannot exceed the
value of (EIRP - Antenna Gain), where the EIRP is defined in the selected SubBand.
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In certain units with an integral antenna the Antenna Gain is not available as a
configurable parameter. However, it is available as a read-only parameter in the
applicable “Show” menus.
The range is 0 – 50 (dB). A value of “Don’t Care” means that the actual value is
not important. A value of “Not Set Yet” means that the unit will not transmit until
the actual value (in the range 0 to 50) is configured. The unit can be configured to
“Don’t Care” or “Not Set Yet” only in factory (when upgraded to SW version 2.0
from a lower version it will be set automatically to one of these options). Once a
value is configured, it is not possible to reconfigure the unit to either “Don’t Care”
or “Not Set Yet”.
The default value depends on unit type. In SUs with integral antenna it is set to
21 (read only). The default value for AUs that are supplied with a detached
antenna is in accordance with the antenna’s gain. In units supplied without an
antenna the default is typically “Not Set Yet”.
4.2.6.2.10 Cell Distance Parameters (AU only)
The higher the distance of an SU from the AU that is serving it, the higher the
time it takes for messages sent by one of them to reach the other. To ensure
appropriate services to all SUs regardless of their distance from the AU while
maintaining a high overall performance level, two parameters should be adapted
to the distances of SUs from the serving AU:
The time that a unit waits for a response message before retransmission (ACK
timeout) should take into account the round trip propagation delay between
the AU and the SU (The one-way propagation delay at 5 GHz is 3.3
microseconds per km/5 microseconds per mile.). The higher the distance from
the AU of the SU served by it, the higher the ACK timeout should be.
The ACK timeout in microseconds is: 20+Distance (km)*2*3.3 or
20+Distance (miles)*2*5.
To ensure fairness in the contention back-off algorithm between SUs located
at different distances from the AU, the size of the time slot should also take
into account the one-way propagation delay. The size of the time slot of all
units in the cell should be proportional to the distance from the AU of the
farthest SU served by it.
The Cell Distance Mode parameter in the AU defines the method of computing
distances. When set to Manual, the Maximum Cell Distance parameter should be
configured with the estimated distance of the farthest SU served by the AU. When
set to Automatic, the AU uses a special algorithm to estimate its distance from
each of the SUs it serves, determine which SU is located the farthest and use the
estimated distance of the farthest SU as the maximum cell distance. The value of
the maximum cell distance parameter (either computed or configured manually)
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is transmitted in the beacon messages to all SUs served by the AU, and is used
by all units to calculate the size of the time slot, that must be the same for all
units in the same sector. When the Per SU Distance Learning option is enabled,
the AU uses the re-association message to send to each SU its estimated distance
from the AU. The per-SU distance is used to calculate the ACK timeout to be used
by the SU. When the Per SU Distance Learning option is disabled (or if it cannot
be used because the SU uses a previous SW version that does not support this
feature), the SU will use the maximum cell distance to calculate the ACK timeout.
The AU always uses the maximum cell distance to calculate the ACK timeout.
It should be noted that if the size of the time slot used by all units is adapted to
the distance of the farthest unit, then no unit will have an advantage when
competing for services. However, this reduces the overall achievable throughput
of the cell. In certain situations, the operator may decide to improve the overall
throughput by reducing the slot size below the value required for full fairness.
This means that when there is competition for bandwidth, the back-off algorithm
will give an advantage to SUs that are located closer to the AU.
The Cell Distance Parameters menu includes the following parameters:
4.2.6.2.10.1 Cell Distance Mode
The Cell Distance Mode option defines whether the maximum distance of the AU
from any of the SUs it serves will be determined manually (using the Maximum
Cell Distance parameter) or automatically. In addition, the Per SU Distance
Learning feature is supported only when the Cell Distance Mode is set to
Automatic.
The Options are Automatic or Manual.
The default is Automatic.
4.2.6.2.10.2 Maximum Cell Distance
The Maximum Cell Distance parameter allows configuring the maximum distance
when the Cell Distance Mode option is Manual.
The range is 0 to 54 (Km). The value of 0 has a special meaning for No
Compensation: Acknowledge Time Out is set to a value representing the
maximum distance of 54 km. The time slot size is set to its minimal value of 9
microseconds.
The default is 0 (No Compensation).
4.2.6.2.10.3 Fairness Factor
The Fairness Factor enables to define the level of fairness in providing services to
different SUs. When set to 100%, all SUs have the same probability of getting
services when competing for bandwidth. If set to X%, then SUs located up to X%
of the maximum distance from the AU will have an advantage in getting services
over SUs located farther than this distance.
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The range is 0 to 100 (%)
The default is 100 (%).
4.2.6.2.10.4 Per SU Distance Learning
The Per SU Distance Learning option defines the mode in which SUs calculate the
ACK timeout: based on the maximum cell distance or on the actual distance from
the AU.
When this feature is disabled, all SUs in the cell use for the calculation of the
ACK timeout the maximum cell distance; when enabled, each SU uses instead its
actual distance from the AU.
The options are Disable or Enable.
The default is Disable.
4.2.6.2.10.5 Show Cell Distance Parameters
Select Show Cell Distance Parameters to view the Cell Distance parameters. In
addition, the Measured Maximum Cell Distance and the MAC address of the unit
that the mechanism found to be the farthest from the AU are displayed. A
distance of 1 km means any distance below 2 km.
4.2.6.2.11 Arbitration Inter-Frame Spacing (AIFS)
The time interval between two consecutive transmissions of frames is called InterFrame Spacing (IFS). This is the time during which the unit determines whether
the medium is idle using the carrier sense mechanism. The IFS depends on the
type of the next frame to be transmitted, as follows:
SIFS (Short Inter-Frame Spacing) is used for certain frames that should be
transmitted immediately, such as ACK and CTS frames. The value of SIFS is
16 microseconds.
DIFS (Distributed coordination function Inter-Frame Spacing) is typically
used for other frame types when the medium is free. If the unit decides that
the medium is not free, it will defer transmission by DIFS plus a number of
time slots as determined by the Contention Window back-off algorithm (see
section 4.2.6.5.2) after reaching a decision that the medium has become free.
DIFS equal SIFS plus AIFS, where AIFS can be configured to one or two time
slots. Typically, AIFS should be configured to two time slots. A value of 1 should
only be used in one of the two units in a point-to-point link, where in the other
unit the AIFS remains configured to two time slots. This ensures that the unit
with AIFS configured to one has an advantage over the other unit, provided that
the Minimum Contention Window (section 4.2.6.5.2) parameter in both units is
configured to 0 to disable the contention window back-off algorithm.
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NOTE
The AIFS parameter is not applicable when the Wireless Link Prioritization Option is enabled.
The available options are 1 or 2 (time slots).
The default is 2 time slots.
CAUTION
An AIFS value of 1 should only be used in point-to-point applications (when the Wireless Link
Prioritization Option is enabled). Otherwise the default value of 2 must always be used. In a pointto-point link, only one unit should be configured to an AIFS value of 1. When both units need to
transmit, the unit with an AIFS value of 1 will have an advantage over the unit with AIFS of 2. In this
case, the Minimum Contention Window parameter in both units must be configured to 0 to disable
the contention window back-off algorithm.
4.2.6.2.12 Maximum Number of Associations (AU only)
The Maximum Number of Associations parameter defines the maximum number
of Subscriber Units that can be associated with the selected AU, while still
guaranteeing the required quality of service to customers.
Available values for AU-BS and AU-SA range from 0 to 512. For AUS-BS and
AUS-SA the range is from 0 to 8.
Default value for AU-BS and AU-SA is 512. For AUS-BS and AUS-SA the default
is 8.
NOTE
When the Data Encryption Option is enabled, the actual maximum number of SUs that can
associate with the AU-BS or AU-SA is limited to 124. The number displayed for the Maximum
Number of Associations is the value configured for this parameter, which might be higher than the
actual limit. The Maximum Number of Associations Limit (512 when Data Encryption is disabled,
124 when Data Encryption is enabled) is indicated in the Show Air Interface Parameters display.
NOTE
There is no aging time for SUs. An SU is only removed from the list of associated SUs under the
following conditions:
A SNAP frame is received from another AU indicating that the SU is now associated with the
other AU.
The SU failed to respond to a certain number of consecutive frames transmitted by the AU and
is considered to have "aged out".
Therefore, the database of associated SUs may include units no longer associated with the AU. If
the number of associated SUs has reached the value of the Maximum Number of Associations
parameter, the selected AU cannot serve additional SUs. To view the current number of associated
SUs, use the Display Association Info option in the MAC Address Database menu. To delete
inactive SUs from the database you must reset the AU.
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4.2.6.2.13 Wireless Link Trap Threshold (AU only)
The Wireless Link Trap Threshold parameter defines the threshold for the
wireless quality trap, indicating that the quality of the wireless link has dropped
below (on trap) or has increased above (off trap) the specified threshold.
The Wireless Link Trap Threshold is in percentage of retransmissions, and the
allowed range is from 1 to 100 (%).
The default is 30 (%).
4.2.6.2.14 Country Code Learning by SU (AU only)
This feature supports simplified installation and updates processes by enabling
the SU to adapt the Country Code used by the AU.
The AU advertises its country code in every beacon and association response
message. Upon synchronization the SU shall check if its country code and the
country code received from the AU are the same. If they are not the same and the
Country Code Learning by the SU is enabled, the SU will use the AU’s country
code: the country code derived limitations will be forced and the following
parameters will be set according to the new country definitions:
Maximum TX Power (per modulation level) will be set to the maximum defined
by the country code.
TX Power (per modulation level) will be set to the maximum defined by the
country code.
The Modulation Level will be set to the maximum modulation level defined by
the country code.
The Multicast Modulation Level will be set to the minimum modulation level
defined by the country code.
The Burst Mode will be set to enable if the country code supports burst mode,
and the burst duration will be set to default.
After country code learning (adaptation) the unit is automatically reset. Before
this automatic reset, if the unit is running from the shadow version, the versions
must be swapped and the running version must be set as main. This is done to
avoid returning to the previous version, which occurs automatically after the
reset.
The default is Enable.
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4.2.6.2.15 Spectrum Analysis
Gaining knowledge of the noise characteristics per channel enables construction
of a relatively noise free working environment. In order to gain information
regarding noise characteristics in the location of the unit, the unit will enter
passive scanning mode for a definite period, during which information will be
gathered. The scanned channels will be the channels comprising the selected sub
set.
Upon activating the spectrum analysis the unit will automatically reset. During
the information-gathering period the unit will not receive nor transmit data. It
also will not be able to synchronize/associate, meaning that it cannot be
managed via the wireless link. During the spectrum analysis period the unit
security mode is changed to promiscuous to enable gathering information
regarding all legal frames received by the unit. At the end of the period the unit
will reset automatically regaining normal operability upon start up.
The Spectrum Analysis submenu includes the following options:
4.2.6.2.15.1 Spectrum Analysis Channel Scan Period
The Spectrum Analysis Channel Scan Period is the period of staying on each
channel during each cycle for information gathering when performing spectrum
analysis.
Range: 2-30 seconds.
Default value: 5 seconds.
4.2.6.2.15.2 Spectrum Analysis Scan Cycles
The Spectrum Analysis Scan Cycle is the number of scanning cycles when
performing Spectrum Analysis.
Range: 1-100 cycles.
Default value: 2 cycles.
4.2.6.2.15.3 Automatic Channel Selection (AU only)
The Automatic Channel selection option defines weather the AU will choose the
best noise free channel upon startup after completion of the spectrum analysis
process. The selection is per analysis: when the analysis is completed it will be
disabled automatically.
The default is Disable.
4.2.6.2.15.4 Spectrum Analysis Activation
The Spectrum analysis Activation option enables activation of the spectrum
analysis process. Upon activation, the unit will reset automatically and start-up
in spectrum analysis mode.
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4.2.6.2.15.5 Reset Spectrum Analysis Information
The Reset Spectrum Analysis Information option enables resetting the spectrum
analysis counters.
4.2.6.2.15.6 Spectrum Analysis Information Display
The Spectrum Analysis Information Display option enables viewing the results of
the last analysis process. The displayed information includes the following details
for each channel:
Frequency in MHz
Signal Count: The number of signals (excluding OFDM frames with the
correct bandwidth) in the channel.
Signal SNR: The approximate SNR of signals (excluding OFDM frames with
the correct bandwidth) in the channel.
Signal Width: The average width in microseconds of signals (excluding OFDM
frames with the correct bandwidth) in the channel.
OFDM Frames: The number of OFDM frames with the correct bandwidth
detected in the channel.
4.2.6.2.15.7 Spectrum Analysis Information Display - Continuous
The Spectrum Analysis Information Display - Continuous option is available only
when the analysis process is active. It enables viewing the continuously updated
results of the current analysis process. The displayed information includes the
same details available for a regular Spectrum Analysis Information Display
option.
4.2.6.2.16 Lost Beacons Transmission Watchdog Threshold
When it is unable to send beacon frames for a predetermined period of time, such
as in the case of interferences, the AU resets itself. The Lost Beacons
Transmission Threshold parameter represents the number of consecutive lost
beacons after which the unit will reset itself.
The range for this parameter is 100 – 1000 or 0. When the parameter is set to 0,
this feature is disabled, i.e. internal refresh will never be performed.
The default value is 218.
4.2.6.2.17 Disassociate (AU only)
The Disassociate feature enables disassociating all SUs associated with the AU or
a selected SU. This feature is useful during configuration changes, enabling to
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force the SU(s) to re-initiate the association process, including the search for the
best AU (or a preferred AU) using the Best AU process, without performing a full
reset.
The Disassociate submenu includes two options:
Disassociate All SUs
Disassociate SU By MAC Address: to disassociate a selected SU
4.2.6.2.18 Noise Immunity Control
The Adaptive Noise Immunity (ANI) mechanism is designed to reduce the wireless
physical layer errors and by that enhance the AU processing power of the unit,
delivering higher packet processing efficiency.
This ANI mechanism is triggered by the rate of detected Physical Errors and it is
modifying different thresholds affecting the immunity to specific interference
types.
This feature, active by default, exists in all units with HW revision C and higher
running SW version 3.0 and higher. Starting in SW version 4.0, the processing
power of the system has been increased dramatically. When using version 4.0 the
units are capable to process more packets per seconds, including physical error
packets. As a result, the ANI mechanism (triggered by the number of received
error packets) may not function properly in certain scenarios, resulting in link
performances that are far below the expectations. The option of manually
controlling the various parameters used by the ANI mechanism enables to
achieve optimal performance in certain deployments where the automatic ANI
mechanism may not function properly.
It is strongly recommended to consult with Alvarion experts before switching to
manual mode and modifying any of the parameters.
The general rules for using the Noise Immunity Control parameters are:
In the SU, if performance (Modulation Level) is lower than expected based on the
SNR, try switching to Manual mode without changing any of the parameters.
CAUTION
Do not change any of the SU’s Noise Immunity Control parameters (except the Noise Immunity
State Control) from remote, as it may result in loss of connectivity to the unit.
In the AU, try switching to Manual mode if overall throughput is too low or if SUs
are lost although communication conditions are sufficient for good connectivity.
In many deployments the transition to Manual mode is sufficient. If not, you may
try changing the Noise Immunity Level and/or Spur Immunity Level parameters.
The target is to reduce the amount of Phy Error rate reported by the unit (see
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Total Rx events on page 109). To ensure that sensitivity is not reduced too much
and SUs are not lost, verify that the Age (see Display Association Info on page
113) of all SUs is below 20 seconds.
Do not activate the OFDM Weak Signal parameter if the SNR is below 36 dBm.
Under normal conditions, the OFDM Weak Signal should never be activated in
the AU, since the SNR of all SUs will be below 36 dBm when ATPC is enabled.
The Noise Immunity Control submenu includes the following options:
4.2.6.2.18.1 Noise Immunity State Control
The Noise Immunity State Control defines the activation mode of the Adaptive
Noise Immunity mechanism: Automatic or Manual. The following parameters of
the Noise Immunity Control mechanism are applicable only for Manual mode.
The default is Automatic.
4.2.6.2.18.2 Noise Immunity Level
The Noise Immunity Level parameter sets the threshold for immunity against
broadband interfering signals. A higher value may reduce the number of errors at
the expense of reduced sensitivity.
The range is from 0 to 4. In the current version only 0 and 4 should be used.
The default is 0.
4.2.6.2.18.3 Spur Immunity Level
The Spur Immunity Level parameter sets the threshold for immunity against
narrow band interfering signals such as spurious from signals at other
frequencies. A higher value may reduce the number of errors at the expense of
reduced sensitivity.
The range is from 0 to 7.
The default is 0.
4.2.6.2.18.4 OFDM Weak Signal
The OFDM Week Signal parameter sets the threshold for immunity against
interfering OFDM signals.
The available options are 0 or 1. A value of 1 means that the unit will immediately
reject OFDM packets with a relatively SNR.
The default is 0.
4.2.6.2.18.5 Pulse Detection Sensitivity
The Pulse Detection Sensitivity parameter affects the Phy error count: If it is set
to Low, than all Phy errors will be reported as regular Phy errors, regardless of
the signal level. If it is set to High, all Phy errors with levels bellow a certain
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threshold (not accessible to the user) will be reported as regular Phy errors, while
those with levels higher than the threshold will be reported as detected radar
pulses.
When DFS (radar detection) is used, the Pulse Detection Sensitivity cannot be set
to Low (forced to high). When Spectrum Analyzer is running, the Pulse Detection
Sensitivity is automatically forced to high for the duration of the test.
The default is High.
4.2.6.2.18.6 Show Noise Immunity
Select this option to view the current values of the Noise Immunity Control
parameters, and some additional parameters of the ANI mechanism.
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4.2.6.3
Network Management Parameters
The Network Management Parameters menu enables protecting the Unit from
unauthorized access by defining a set of discrete IP addresses as well as IP
address ranges from which the unit can be managed using protocols such as
Telnet, FTP, TFTP, SNMP, DHCP and ICMP. This excludes management messages
generated in the unit, such as Traps or Ping Test frames, which are not filtered.
The direction from which management access is permitted can also be
configured, which means that management access may be permitted from the
wireless medium only, from the wired Ethernet only, or from both.
The Network Management Menu also enables managing transmission of traps,
including definition of up to 10 traps destination IP addresses and the associated
community strings. In addition, the menu enables specifying the IP address of a
connected AP client device to facilitate remote management of a BreezeACCESS
WI2 system.
The Network Management Parameters menu includes the following options:
Access to Network Management
Network Management Filtering
Set Network Management IP address
Delete a Network Management IP Address
Delete All Network Management IP Addresses
Set/Change Network Management IP Address Ranges
SNMP Traps
AP Client IP Address (SU only)
4.2.6.3.1
Access to Network Management
The Access to Network Management option defines the port through which the
unit can be managed. The following options are available:
From Wireless Link Only
From Ethernet Only
From Both Ethernet and Wireless Link
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The default selection is From Both Ethernet and Wireless Link.
CAUTION
Be careful not to block your access to the unit. For example, if you manage an SU via the wireless
link, setting the Access to Network Management parameter to From Ethernet Only completely
blocks your management access to the unit. In this case, a technician may be required to change
the settings at the user's site.
4.2.6.3.2
Network Management Filtering
The Network Management Filtering option enables or disables the IP address
based management filtering. If management filtering is enabled, the unit can only
be managed by stations with IP addresses matching one of the entries in either
the Network Management IP Addresses list or in the Network Management IP
Address Ranges list, described below, and that are connected to the unit via the
defined port(s). The following options are available:
Disable: No IP address based filtering is configured.
Activate IP Filter on Ethernet Port: Applicable only if the Access to Network
Management parameter is configured to either From Ethernet Only or From
Both Ethernet and Wireless Link. The unit can be managed from the Ethernet
port only by stations with IP addresses matching one of the entries in the Set
Network Management IP Addresses parameter. If the Access to Network
Management parameter is configured to From Both Ethernet and Wireless
Link then no IP address based filtering is configured for the wireless port.
Activate IP Filter on Wireless Link Port: Applicable only if the Access to
Network Management parameter is configured to either From Wireless Link
Only or From Both Ethernet and Wireless Link. The unit can be managed
from the wireless port only by stations with IP addresses matching one of the
entries in the Set Network Management IP Addresses parameter. If the Access
to Network Management parameter is configured to From Both Ethernet and
Wireless Link then no IP address based filtering is configured for the Ethernet
port.
Activate IP filter on Both Ethernet and Wireless Link Ports: Applicable to
all options of the Access to Network Management parameter. The unit can be
managed from the port(s) defined by the Access to Network Management
parameter only by stations with IP addresses matching one of the entries in
the Set Network Management IP Addresses parameter.
The default selection is Disable.
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4.2.6.3.3
Set Network Management IP Address
The Set Network Management IP Address option enables defining up to 10 IP
addresses of devices that can manage the unit if the Network Management
Filtering option is enabled.
The default Network Management IP Address is 0.0.0.0 (all 10 addresses).
4.2.6.3.4
Delete a Network Management IP Address
The Delete Network Management IP Address option enables deleting IP address
entries from the Network Management IP Addresses list.
4.2.6.3.5
Delete All Network Management IP Addresses
The Delete All Network Management IP Addresses option enables deleting all
entries from the Network Management IP Addresses list.
4.2.6.3.6
Set/Change Network Management IP Address Ranges
The Set/Change Network Management IP address Ranges menu enables defining,
updating or deleting IP address ranges from which the unit can be managed if the
Network Management Filtering option is enabled. This is in addition to the
previous options in the Network Management menu that enable defining,
updating and deleting discrete IP addresses.
The menu includes the following options:
4.2.6.3.6.1 Set/Change Network Management IP Address Ranges
The Set/Change Network Management IP Address Ranges option enables
defining/updating up to 10 IP address ranges from which the unit can be
managed if the Network Management Filtering option is enabled.
The default Network Management IP Address Range is 0.0.0.0 TO 0.0.0.0 (all 10
ranges).
A range can be defined using a string that includes either a start and end
address, in the format “ to ” (example: 192.168.1.1
to 192.168.1.255), or a base address and a mask, in the format “
mask ” (example: 192.168.1.1 mask 255.255.255.0).
4.2.6.3.6.2 Delete Network Management IP Address Range
The Delete Network Management IP Address Range option enables deleting IP
address range entries from the Network Management IP Address Ranges list.
4.2.6.3.6.3 Delete All Network Management IP Address Ranges
The Delete All Network Management IP Address Ranges option enables deleting
all entries from the Network Management IP Address Ranges list.
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4.2.6.3.7
SNMP Traps
The SNMP submenu enables or disables the transmission of SNMP Traps. If this
option is enabled, up to 10 IP addresses of stations to which SNMP traps are sent
can be defined.
4.2.6.3.7.1 Send SNMP Traps
The Send SNMP Traps option enables or disables the sending of SNMP traps.
The default selection is Disable.
4.2.6.3.7.2 SNMP Traps Destination IP Addresses
The SNMP Traps Destination IP Addresses submenu enables defining up to 10 IP
addresses of devices to which the SNMP Traps are to be sent.
The default of all 10 SNMP Traps IP destinations is 0.0.0.0.
4.2.6.3.7.3 SNMP Traps Community
The SNMP Traps Community option enables defining the Community name for
each IP address to which SNMP Trap messages are to be sent.
Valid strings: Up to 8 ASCII characters.
The default for all 10 addresses is “public”, which is the default Read community.
4.2.6.3.7.4 Delete One Trap Address
The Delete One Trap Address option enables deleting Trap address entries from
the SNMP Traps Addresses list.
4.2.6.3.7.5 Delete All Trap Addresses
The Delete All Trap Addresses option enables deleting all entries from the SNMP
Traps Addresses list.
4.2.6.3.8
AP Client IP Address (SU Only)
The BreezeACCESS WI2 system comprises a self-contained combination of an
advanced WiFi Access Point and a BreezeACCESS SU-ODU that provides
backhaul connectivity. The AP Client IP Address parameter enables the installer
to configure in the SU the IP address of the WiFi AP connected to it, providing
availability of the IP address information for remote management of the AP.
The default AP Client IP Address is 0.0.0.0 (meaning none).
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4.2.6.4
Bridge Parameters
The Bridge Parameters menu provides a series of parameter sets that enables
configuring parameters such as control and filtering options for broadcast
transmissions, VLAN support, and Type of Service prioritization.
The Bridge Parameters menu includes the following options:
VLAN Support
Ethernet Broadcast Filtering (SU only)
Ethernet Broadcast/Multicast Limiter
Bridge Aging Time
Roaming Option (SU only)
Broadcast Relaying (AU only)
Unicast Relaying (AU only)
MAC Address List (AU only)
4.2.6.4.1
VLAN Support
The VLAN Support menu enables defining the parameters related to the IEEE
802.1Q compliant VLAN aware (Virtual LAN aware) feature of the units. Each
VLAN includes stations that can communicate with each other, but cannot
communicate with stations belonging to different VLANs. The VLAN feature also
provides the ability to set traffic priorities for transmission of certain frames. The
information related to the VLAN is included in the VLAN Tag Header, which is
inserted in each frame between the MAC header and the data. VLAN
implementation in BreezeACCESS VL units supports frame routing by port
information, whereby each port is connected to only one VLAN.
The system also supports the 802.1 QinQ standard, which defines the way to
have 2 VLAN tags (double-tagged frames). This procedure allows an additional
VLAN tag, called Service Provider VLAN tag, to be inserted into an existing
IEEE 802.1Q tagged Ethernet frame. This is a solution to transport multiple
customers’ VLANs across the service provider’s network without interfering with
each other.
The VLAN Support menu includes the following parameters:
VLAN Link Type
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VLAN ID – Data (SU only)
VLAN ID – Management
Service Provider VLAN ID (SU only)
VLAN Forwarding
VLAN Relaying (AU only)
VLAN Traffic Priority
VLAN QinQ Protocol Ethertype
4.2.6.4.1.1 VLAN ID-Data (SU only)
The VLAN ID-Data is applicable only when the VLAN Link Type parameter is set
to Access Link. It enables defining the VLAN ID for data frames, which identifies
the VLAN to which the unit belongs.
Valid values range from 1 to 4094.
Default value: 1.
The VLAN ID-Data affects frames received from the wireless link port, as follows:
Only tagged frames with a VLAN ID (VID) equal to the VLAN ID-Data defined
in the unit are forwarded to the Ethernet port.
The tag headers are removed from the data frames received from the wireless
link before they are transmitted on the Ethernet port.
The VLAN ID-Data affects frames received from the Ethernet port, as follows:
A VLAN Data Tag is inserted in all untagged frames received from the
Ethernet port before transmission on the wireless link. The tag includes the
values of the VLAN ID-Data and the VLAN Priority-Data parameters.
Tagged frames received on Ethernet port, which are meant to be forwarded to
the wireless link port, are discarded. This includes frames with tagging for
prioritization purposes only.
4.2.6.4.1.2 VLAN ID-Management
The VLAN ID-Management is applicable for all link types. It enables defining the
VLAN ID for management frames, which identifies remote stations for
management purposes. This applies to all management applications using
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protocols such as SNMP, TFTP, ICMP (ping), DHCP and Telnet. All
servers/stations using these protocols must tag the management frames sent to
the unit with the value of the VLAN ID-Management parameter.
Valid values: 1 to 4094 or 65535 (No VLAN).
The default value is 65535.
If the VLAN ID-Management is other than 65535:
Only single-tagged management frames with a matching VLAN ID, or doubletagged management frames with a matching Service Provider VLAN ID
received on either the Ethernet or wireless link ports are forwarded to the
unit.
A VLAN Management Tag is inserted in all management frames generated by
the unit before transmission on either the Ethernet or wireless link port. The
tag includes the values of the VLAN ID-Management and the VLAN PriorityManagement parameters.
If the VLAN ID-Management is 65535 (No VLAN):
For Access, Trunk and Hybrid links: Only untagged management frames
received on either the Ethernet or wireless link ports are forwarded to the
unit.
An AU operating in Service Provider link mode with VLAN ID – Management =
65535 cannot be managed from either the Ethernet or wireless ports.
An SU operating in Service Provider link mode with VLAN ID – Management =
65535 will accept untagged management frames from the Ethernet port. From
the wireless port it will accept only tagged frames with a VLAN ID tag that
matches the defined Service Provider VLAN ID.
Management frames generated by the unit are not tagged.
The following table summarizes the functionality of the internal management port
in accordance with the value of the VLAN ID-Management parameter. The table is
valid for all link types. Refer to the VLAN Link Type - Access Link, Trunk Link
and Service Provider Link options for some restrictions when configuring this
parameter.
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Table 4-5: VLAN Management Port Functionality
Action
Management Port - Internal
Receive from Ethernet when Link Type is
Tagged frames, matching VID-M
Access, Trunk or Hybrid
Untagged frames when VID-M=65535
Receive from Ethernet when Link Type is
Tagged frames, matching VID-M
Service Provider
Receive from Wireless when Link Type is
Tagged frames, matching VID-M
Access, Trunk or Hybrid
Untagged frames when VID-M=65535
Receive from wireless when Link Type is
Tagged frames, matching VID-M
Service Provider
Transmit
Insert VID-M, PID-M
Table Legend:
VID-M: VLAN ID-Management
PID-M: VLAN Priority-Management
4.2.6.4.1.3 VLAN Link Type
The VLAN Link Type parameter enables defining the functionality of the VLAN
aware capability of the unit.
The available options are Hybrid Link, Trunk Link, Access Link and Service
Provider Link (Access Link option is available only in SUs).
The default selection is Hybrid Link.
4.2.6.4.1.3.1 Access Link (SU only)
Access Link transfers frames while tagging/untagging them since all devices
connected to the unit are VLAN unaware. Thus, the unit cannot transfer tagged
frames.
Table 4-6 summarizes the functionality of the data port for an Access link.
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Table 4-6: VLAN Data Port Functionality - Access Link
Action
Data Port - SU
Receive from Ethernet
Untagged frames
Accept from Wireless
Tagged frames, matching VID-D
Tag Insert
VID-D, PID-D (to wireless)
Tag Remove
Yes (to Ethernet)
Table Legend:
VID-D: VLAN ID-Data
PID-D: VLAN Priority-Data
4.2.6.4.1.3.2 Trunk Link
Trunk Link transfers only tagged frames, as all devices connected to the unit are
VLAN aware. Only tagged data frames received on the Ethernet or wireless link
ports are forwarded.
CAUTION
It is not recommended that you configure a unit as a Trunk Link with the VLAN ID-Management
parameter set at 65535, as it does not forward any 'NO VLAN' management frames to its other
port, making it impossible to manage devices connected behind the unit that are also configured
with 'NO VLAN'.
If the VLAN Forwarding option is enabled, a data frame received with a VLAN ID
that is not a member of the unit's VLAN Forwarding List is discarded.
NOTE
If the VLAN Forwarding option is enabled, be sure to include the VLAN ID-Management value of
all units that should be managed via the wireless port of the unit, in the Forwarding List.
If the VLAN Relaying option is enabled in an AU, a data frame relayed with a
VLAN ID that is not a member of the unit's VLAN Relaying List is discarded.
NOTE
If the VLAN Relaying option is enabled and you manage your devices from behind an SU unit, be
sure to include the VLAN ID-Management value of all units to be managed when relaying via the
wireless port of the AU unit, in the Relaying List. If the VLAN Forwarding option is also enabled in
the AU, these VLAN IDs should also be included in the Forwarding List.
Table 4-7 summarizes the functionality of the data port for a Trunk link.
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Table 4-7: VLAN Data Port Functionality - Trunk Link
Action
Data Port – AU and SU
Accept from Ethernet
Tagged frames.
If Forwarding is enabled, only frames with VLAN ID values
which are included in the Forwarding list
Accept from Wireless
Tagged frames
If Forwarding is enabled, only frames with VLAN ID values
which are included in the Forwarding list
Tag Insert
No
Tag Remove
No
4.2.6.4.1.3.3 Hybrid Link
Hybrid Link transfers both tagged and untagged frames, as the devices connected
to the unit can be either VLAN aware or VLAN unaware. This is equivalent to
defining no VLAN support, as the unit is transparent to VLAN.
Table 4-8 summarizes the functionality of the data port for a Hybrid link.
Table 4-8: VLAN Data Port Functionality - Hybrid Link
Action
Data Port – AU and SU
Accept from Ethernet
All
Accept from Wireless
All
Tag Insert
No
Tag Remove
No
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4.2.6.4.1.3.4 Service Provider Link
A Service Provider Link transfers both single tagged frames (Service Provider tag)
and double-tagged frames (Service Provider tag + Customer tag). The Service
Provider tag includes the Service Provider VLAN ID and the VLAN QinQ
Ethertype.
The following tables summarize the functionality of the SU/AU data port for a
Service Provider Link.
Table 4-9: VLAN Data Port Functionality for SU - Service Provider Link
Action
Accept from Ethernet
Data Port –SU
Untagged frames
Single tagged frames:
If Forwarding is disabled
If Forwarding is enabled, only frames with VLAN ID values
which are included in the Forwarding List
Accept from Wireless
Single tagged frames: only frames with a Service Provider tag
whose parameters match the Service Provider parameters
defined in the unit (Service Provider VLAN ID and VLAN QinQ
Ethertype)
Double tagged frames: only frames with a Service Provider tag
whose parameters match the Service Provider parameters
defined in the unit (Service Provider VLAN ID and VLAN QinQ
Ethertype). If Forwarding is enabled, only frames with Customer
VLAN ID values that are included in the Forwarding List
Tag Insert
Service Provider (SP) tag (to wireless)
Tag Remove
Yes (to Ethernet)
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Table 4-10: VLAN Data Port Functionality for AU - Service Provider Link
Action
Accept from Ethernet
Data Port –AU
Single tagged frames:
If Forwarding is disabled
If Forwarding is enabled, only frames with VLAN ID values
which are included in the Forwarding List
Double tagged frames:
If Forwarding is disabled
If Forwarding is enabled, only frames with Service Provider
VLAN ID values which are included in the Forwarding List
Accept from Wireless
Single tagged frames:
If Forwarding is disabled
If Forwarding is enabled, only frames with VLAN ID values
which are included in the Forwarding List
Double tagged frames:
If Forwarding is disabled
If Forwarding is enabled, only frames with Service Provider
VLAN ID values which are included in the Forwarding List
Tag Insert
No
Tag Remove
No
NOTE
The following units management limitations apply when using a Service Provider Link:
The unit can be managed only with tagged frames: VLAN ID – Management must be other than
65535.
To enable proper management, all units in a cell (the AU and all SUs served by it) must use the
VLAN ID - Management.
The VLAN ID – Management must differ from the Customer’s VLAN ID - Data.
4.2.6.4.1.4 VLAN Forwarding (AU and SU)
The VLAN Forwarding feature is applicable only for Trunk Links and Service
Provider Links. It enables defining the VLAN ID values to be included in the VLAN
Forwarding List. If the Link Type is defined as either a Trunk Link or a Service
Provider Link and the VLAN Forwarding option is enabled, a data frame received
with a VLAN ID (or a Service Provider VLAN ID) that is not a member of the unit's
VLAN Forwarding List is discarded.
The VLAN Forwarding submenu provides the following options:
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4.2.6.4.1.4.1 VLAN Forwarding Support
The VLAN Forwarding Support option enables or disables the VLAN Forwarding
feature.
Available selections are Disable and Enable.
The default selection is Disable.
4.2.6.4.1.4.2 Add Forwarding VLAN ID
The Add Forwarding VLAN ID option enables adding a VLAN ID to the VLAN
Forwarding List. One VLAN ID can be entered at a time. The maximum number of
VLAN IDs in the VLAN Forwarding List is 20.
Valid values are 1 to 4094.
4.2.6.4.1.4.3 Remove Forwarding VLAN ID
The Remove Forwarding VLAN ID option enables removing a VLAN ID from the
VLAN ID Forwarding List.
Valid values are VID values (from 1 to 4094) that are included in the VLAN
Forwarding List.
4.2.6.4.1.4.4 Show VLAN ID Forwarding List
The Show VLAN Forwarding List option displays the values of the VLAN IDs
included in the VLAN Forwarding List.
NOTE
If the VLAN ID Forwarding List is empty and the VLAN Forwarding Support is set to Enable, then all
data frames are discarded.
If VLAN Relaying Support and VLAN Forwarding Support are both enabled, then all VLAN IDs
configured in the Relaying List must also be configured in the Forwarding List.
4.2.6.4.1.5 VLAN Relaying (AU only)
The VLAN Relaying feature is applicable only for Trunk Links and Service
Provider Links. It enables defining the VLAN ID values to be included in the VLAN
Relaying List.
If the Link Type is defined as either a Trunk Link or a Service Provider Link and
the VLAN Relaying Support option is enabled, a frame relayed from the wireless
link, which is a frame received from the wireless link that should be transmitted
back through the wireless link, with a VLAN ID (or a Service Provider VLAN ID)
that is not a member of the unit's VLAN Relaying List, is discarded. If VLAN
Forwarding Support is also enabled, it is necessary to configure all the VLAN IDs
in the Relaying List also in the Forwarding List to enable the relaying operation.
The VLAN Relaying menu provides the following options:
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4.2.6.4.1.5.1 VLAN Relaying Support
The VLAN Relaying Support option enables or disables the VLAN Relaying
feature.
Available selections are Disable and Enable.
The default selection is Disable.
4.2.6.4.1.5.2 Add Relaying VLAN ID
The Add Relaying VLAN ID option enables adding a VLAN ID to the VLAN
Relaying List. One VLAN ID can be entered at a time. The maximum number of
VLAN IDs in the VLAN Relaying List is 20.
Valid values are 1 to 4094.
4.2.6.4.1.5.3 Remove Relaying VLAN ID
The Remove Relaying VLAN ID option enables removing a VLAN ID from the VLAN
ID Relaying List. Valid values are VID values (from 1 to 4094)) that are included
in the VLAN Relaying List.
4.2.6.4.1.5.4 Show VLAN ID Relaying List
The Show VLAN Relaying option displays the values of the VLAN IDs included in
the VLAN Relaying List.
NOTE
If the VLAN ID Relaying List is empty and the VLAN Relaying Support is Enabled, then all data
frames relayed from the wireless link are discarded.
If VLAN Relaying Support and VLAN Forwarding Support are both enabled, then all VLAN IDs
configured in the Relaying List must also be configured in the Forwarding List.
4.2.6.4.1.6 Service Provider VLAN ID (SU only)
The Service Provider VLAN ID is applicable only when the VLAN Link Type
parameter is set to Service Provider Link. It enables defining the Service Provider
VLAN ID for data frames, which identifies the Service Provider VLAN to which the
unit belongs.
The range is 1 to 4094.
The default value is 1.
The Service provider VLAN ID affects frames received from the wireless link port,
as follows:
Both single-tagged frames (having Service Provider VLAN ID tag) and doubletagged frames (having Service Provider VLAN ID and customer VLAN ID tags)
with matching VLAN ID are forwarded to the Ethernet Port (provided the
Ethertype of the tag matches the configured VLAN QinQ Ethertype).
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Before transmitting the frames to the Ethernet port, the Service Provider
VLAN ID tag is removed.
The Service Provider VLAN ID affects frames received from the Ethernet link port,
as follows: A Service Provider tag, that includes the configured Service Provider
VLAN ID (and the VLAN QinQ Ethertype) is inserted in all frames, both tagged
and untagged, before transmission to the wireless link.
4.2.6.4.1.7 VLAN Traffic Priority
The VLAN Traffic Priority menu enables configuring the VLAN Priority field in
applicable frames. These parameters only impact the way in which other VLAN
aware devices in the network will handle the packet. All parameters that affect
prioritization within the BreezeACCES VL system, including VLAN-based
prioritization, are located in the Traffic Prioritization menu.
The VLAN Traffic Priority menu includes the following parameters:
VLAN Priority – Data (SU only)
VLAN Priority – Management
4.2.6.4.1.7.1 VLAN Priority - Data (SU only)
The VLAN Priority - Data is applicable for Access Links only. It enables
configuring the value of the VLAN Priority field for data frames transmitted to the
wireless link. All data frames are routed to the Low queue. This parameter only
impacts the way other VLAN aware devices handle the packet.
Valid values range from 0 to 7.
The default value is 0.
4.2.6.4.1.7.2 VLAN Priority - Management
The VLAN Priority - Management enables defining the value of the VLAN Priority
field for management frames in units with VLAN ID-Management that is other
than 65535. All management frames are routed to the High queue. This
parameter only impacts the way other VLAN aware devices handle the packet.
Valid values range from 0 to 7.
The default value is 4 for SUs and 0 for AUs.
4.2.6.4.1.8 VLAN QinQ Protocol Ethertype
The VLAN QinQ Proptocol Ethertype parameter sets the Ethertype of the Service
Provider tag, and is applicable only for Service Provider Links.
The valid values are from 8100 to 9000, 9100 and 9200 (Hex).
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The default value is 8100 (Hex).
4.2.6.4.1.9 Show VLAN Parameters
The Show VLAN Parameters option displays the current values of the VLAN
support parameters.
4.2.6.4.2
Ethernet Broadcast Filtering (SU only)
The Ethernet Broadcast Filtering menu enables defining the layer 2 (Ethernet)
broadcast and multicast filtering capabilities for the selected SU. Filtering the
Ethernet broadcasts enhances the security of the system and saves bandwidth on
the wireless medium by blocking protocols that are typically used in the
customer's LAN but are not relevant for other customers, such as NetBios, which
is used by the Microsoft Network Neighborhood. Enabling this feature blocks
Ethernet broadcasts and multicasts by setting the I/G bit at the destination
address to 1. This feature should not be enabled when there is a router behind
the SU.
The Ethernet Broadcast Filtering menu includes the following parameters:
Filter Options
DHCP Broadcast Override Filter
PPPoE Broadcast Override Filter
ARP Broadcast Override Filter
4.2.6.4.2.1 Filter Options
The Filter Options enables defining the Ethernet Broadcast filtering functionality
of the unit. Select from the following options:
Disable - no Ethernet Broadcast Filtering.
On Ethernet Port Only - filters broadcast messages received from the
Ethernet port.
On Wireless Port Only - filters broadcast messages received from the
wireless link port.
On Both Ethernet and Wireless Ports - filters broadcast messages received
from both the Ethernet and wireless link ports.
The default selection is Disable.
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4.2.6.4.2.2 DHCP Broadcast Override Filter
The DHCP Broadcast Override Filter option enables or disables the broadcasting
of DHCP messages. Even if according to the selected option in the Filter Options
parameter, broadcast messages should be filtered, DHCP broadcasts are
transmitted if this parameter is set to Enable. Select from the following options:
Disable - DHCP Broadcast messages are filtered or transmitted according to
the general filtering criteria in the Filter Options parameter.
Enable - DHCP Broadcast messages are transmitted regardless of the selected
value of the Filter Options parameter.
The default selection is Disable.
4.2.6.4.2.3 PPPoE Broadcast Override Filter
The PPPoE Broadcast Override Filter option enables or disables the broadcasting
of PPPoE (Point to Point Protocol over Ethernet) messages. Even if according to
the selected option in the Filter Options parameter, broadcast messages should
be filtered, PPPoE broadcasts are transmitted if this parameter is set to Enable.
Select from the following options:
Disable - PPPoE Broadcast messages are filtered or transmitted according to
the general filtering criteria in the Filter Options parameter.
Enable - PPPoE Broadcast messages are transmitted regardless of the
selected value of the Filter Options parameter.
The default selection is Disable.
4.2.6.4.2.4 ARP Broadcast Override Filter
The ARP Broadcast Override Filter option enables or disables the broadcasting of
ARP messages. Even if according to the selected option in the Filter Options
parameter, broadcast messages should be filtered, ARP broadcasts are
transmitted if this parameter is set to Enable. Select from the following options:
Disable - ARP messages are filtered or transmitted according to the general
filtering criteria in the Filter Options parameter.
Enable - ARP messages are transmitted regardless of the selected value of the
Filter Options parameter.
The default selection is Enable.
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4.2.6.4.3
Ethernet Broadcast/Multicast Limiter
The Ethernet Broadcast/Multicast Limiter parameters, available in both AU and
SU, enable to limit the number of broadcast and/or multicast packets that can be
transmitted per second, in order to prevent the potential flooding of the wireless
medium by certain ARP attacks.
In SUs, the limiter is placed after the Ethernet Broadcast Filters. For this reason,
the limiter will receive only the packets that pass through these filters. If the
Ethernet filters of the SU are disabled, the limiter will be applied to all relevant
packets received.
When the Ethernet Broadcast/Multicast Limiter is enabled and the specified limit
is reached, the unit will send a trap. The trap will be sent periodically till the
number of broadcast/multicast packets will be less than the maximum. The trap
will inform the user how many packets were discarded in the last period.
The Ethernet Broadcast/Multicast Limiter menu allows viewing and setting the
following parameters:
4.2.6.4.3.1 Ethernet Broadcast/Multicast Limiter Option
The Ethernet Broadcast/Multicast Limiter Option defines the limiter’s
functionality. The available options are:
Disable: No limiter
Limit only Broadcast Packets
Limit Multicast Packets that are not Broadcasts
Limit All Multicast Packets (including broadcast)
The default selection is Disable.
4.2.6.4.3.2 Ethernet Broadcast/Multicast Limiter Threshold
The Ethernet Broadcast/Multicast Limiter Threshold defines the maximum
number of packets per second that will pass the limiter when it is enabled.
The range is from 0 to 204800 (packets/second).
The default is 50 packets.
4.2.6.4.3.3 Ethernet Broadcast/Multicast Limiter Send Trap Interval
The Ethernet Broadcast/Multicast Limiter Send Trap Interval defines the
minimum time in minutes between two consecutive transmissions of the trap
indicating the number of packets that were dropped by the limiter since the
previous trap (or since the time that the limit has been exceeded).
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The range is from 1 to 60 minutes.
The default is 5 minutes.
4.2.6.4.4
Bridge Aging Time
The Bridge Aging Time parameter enables selecting the bridge aging time for
learned addresses of devices on both the wired and wireless sides, not including
BreezeACCESS VL units.
The available range is 20 to 2000 seconds.
The default value is 300 seconds.
4.2.6.4.5
Broadcast Relaying (AU only)
The Broadcast Relaying option enables selecting whether the unit performs
broadcast relaying. When the Broadcast Relaying parameter is enabled,
broadcast packets originating from devices on the wireless link are transmitted by
the AU back to the wireless link devices, as well as to the wired LAN. If disabled,
these packets are sent only to the local wired LAN and are not sent back to the
wireless link. Disable the broadcast relaying only if all broadcast messages from
the wireless link are certain to be directed to the wired LAN.
The default selection is Enable.
4.2.6.4.6
Unicast Relaying (AU only)
The Unicast Relaying option enables selecting whether the unit performs unicast
relaying. When the Unicast Relaying parameter is enabled, unicast packets
originating from devices on the wireless link can be transmitted back to the
wireless link devices. If disabled, these packets are not sent to the wireless link
even if they are intended for devices on the wireless link. Disable the Unicast
Relaying parameter only if all unicast messages from the wireless link are certain
to be directed to the local wired LAN.
The default selection is Enable.
4.2.6.4.7
MAC Address List (AU only)
The MAC Address List submenu enables to define a list of up to 100 MAC
addresses as belonging to devices that are either granted or denied service. When
the list is defined as a Deny List, the AU will not provide services to a unit whose
MAC address is included in the list, enabling to disconnect units in cases such as
when the user had fraudulently succeeded to configure the unit to values
different from the subscription plan. When the list is defined as an Allow List, the
AU will provide services only to units with a MAC address that is included in the
list.
The MAC Address List submenu includes the following:
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4.2.6.4.7.1 Add MAC Address to List
Select Add MAC Address to List to add a MAC Address to the List.
4.2.6.4.7.2 Remove MAC Address from List
Select Remove MAC Address from List to remove a MAC Address from the List.
4.2.6.4.7.3 MAC Address List Action
This parameter defines the working mode of the MAC list:
In the case of an Allowed list, if the MAC address is included in the list, the
SU will be able to associate itself with the AU and receive permission for
generating traffic; if it is not found in the list, it will still be associated but
without the permission to generate traffic.
In the case of a Deny list, if the MAC address is included in the list, the SU
will be able to associate itself with the AU but will not be able to generate
traffic; otherwise (if the address is not found in the list) the SU will be
associated and will be able to generate traffic.
Possible options for this parameter are Deny and Allow.
The default is Deny.
4.2.6.4.7.4 Show MAC Address List
Select Show MAC Address List to display the current list of MAC Addresses
included in the List and the selected List Action.
4.2.6.4.8
Roaming Option (SU only)
The Roaming Option defines the roaming support of the unit. When roaming is
not expected, it is preferable to set this parameter to Disable. This will cause the
unit to start scanning for another AU after losing connectivity with the current
AU only after 7 seconds during which no beacons were received from the current
AU. This will prevent scanning for another AU in cases where no beacons were
received due to a short temporary problem.
When set to Enable, the SU will wait only one second before it starts scanning for
another AU. In addition, when the Roaming Option is enabled, the SU will send
Roaming SNAP messages upon associating with a new AU. This enables fast
distribution of the new location for all clients that are behind the SU. In this case,
the SU will send multicast SNAP messages via the wireless link each time it
associates with a new AU, except for the first association after reset. The SU will
send one SNAP message for each client learned on its Ethernet port, based on its
bridging table. In the SNAP message the clients’ MAC address is used as the
source address. The AU that receives this SNAP message learns from it the new
location of the clients. It forwards the SNAP to other AUs and Layer-2 networking
equipment via its Ethernet port, to facilitate uninterrupted connectivity and
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correct routing of transmissions to these clients. The new AU as well as the
previous AU with which the SU was associated, will forward the SNAP messages
to all other SUs associated with them.
The default is Disable.
4.2.6.4.9
Ports Control (SU only)
The Ports Control sub-menu includes the Ethernet Port Control option:
4.2.6.4.9.1 Ethernet Port Control
The Ethernet Port Control option allows enabling or disabling non-management
traffic to/from the Ethernet port. When changed to Disable, all current data
sessions will be terminated. The unit is still manageable via the Ethernet port
even if it is disabled for data traffic.
The default selection is Enable.
4.2.6.4.10 Show Bridge Parameters
The Show Bridge Parameters option displays the current values of the Bridge
parameters.
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4.2.6.5
Performance Parameters
The Performance Parameters menu enables defining a series of parameters that
control the method by which traffic is transmitted through the wireless access
network.
The Performance Parameters menu includes the following parameters:
RTS Threshold
Minimum Contention Window
Maximum Contention Window
Multicast Modulation Level (AU only)
Maximum Modulation Level
Average SNR Memory Factor
Number of HW Retries
Burst Mode
Adaptive Modulation Algorithm
Concatenation Parameters
4.2.6.5.1
RTS Threshold
The RTS Threshold parameter defines the minimum frame size that requires an
RTS/CTS (Request To Send/Clear To Send) handshake. Frames whose size is
smaller than the RTS Threshold value are transmitted directly to the wireless link
without being preceded with RTS frames. Setting this parameter to a value larger
than the maximum frame size eliminates the RTS/CTS handshake for frames
transmitted by this unit.
The available values range from 20 to 4032 bytes for units with HW revision C,
and 20 to 2200 for units with HW revision A or B.
The default value is 60 bytes for SUs. For AUs with HW revision C the default is
4032, and for AUs with HW revision A or B the default is 2200. It is
recommended that these values be used to ensure that RTS/CTS is never used in
the AU.
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4.2.6.5.2
Minimum Contention Window
The Minimum Contention Window parameter determines the time that a unit
waits from the time it has concluded that there are no detectable transmissions
by other units until it attempts to transmit. The BreezeACCESS VL system uses a
special mechanism based on detecting the presence of a carrier signal and
analyzing the information contained in the transmissions of the AU to estimate
the activity of other SUs served by the AU. The target is to minimize collisions in
the wireless medium resulting from attempts of more than one unit to transmit at
the same time.
The system uses an exponential Back-off algorithm to resolve contention between
several units that want to access the wireless medium. The method requires each
station to choose a random number N between 0 and a given number C each time
it wants to access the medium. The unit will attempt to access the medium only
after a time equal to DIFS (for more details refer to section 4.2.6.2.11) plus N time
slots, always checking if a different unit has accessed the medium before. Each
time the unit tries to transmit and a collision occurs; the maximum number C
used for the random number selection will be increased to the next available
value. The available values are 7, 15, 31, 63, 127, 255, 511 and 1023.
The Minimum Contention Window parameter is the first maximum number C
used in the back-off algorithm. The higher the number of SUs served by the same
AU, the higher the Minimum Contention Window for each SU should be. In
addition, when the Wireless Link Prioritization Option is enabled, the Minimum
and Maximum Contention Window parameters can be configured to provide
certain units with an advantage over other units.
The available values are 0, 7, 15, 31, 63, 127, 255, 511 and 1023. A value of 0
means that the contention window algorithm is not used and that the unit will
attempt to access the medium immediately after a time equal to DIFS.
The default value is 15.
CAUTION
A value of 0 disables the contention window back-off algorithm. It should only be used in point-topoint applications. For more details on configuring units in a point-to-point link refer to section
4.2.6.2.11.
4.2.6.5.3
Maximum Contention Window
The Maximum Contention Window parameter defines the upper limit for the
maximum number C used in the back-off algorithm as described in Minimum
Contention Window above.
The available values are 7, 15, 31, 63, 127, 255, 511 and 1023.
The default value is 1023.
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4.2.6.5.4
Multicast Modulation Level (AU only)
The Multicast Modulation Level parameter defines the modulation level used for
transmitting multicast and broadcast data frames. Multicast and broadcast
transmissions are not acknowledged; therefore if a multicast or broadcast
transmission is not properly received there is no possibility of retransmitting. It is
recommended that you set a lower modulation level for broadcast and multicast
frame transmissions to increase the probability that they are received without
errors.
The Multicast Modulation Level parameter is applicable only to data frames.
Beacons and other wireless management and control frames are always
transmitted at the lowest modulation level according to the Sub-Band.
The minimum value for the Multicast Modulation Level is defined by the SubBand in use.
The maximum value for the Multicast Modulation Level is defined by the SubBand in use and the HW revision of the unit. Units with HW revision A support a
maximum value of 7, while units with HW revision B and higher support a
maximum value of 8.
For information on how to view the Sub-Bands supported by the unit and the
supported parameters’ values and options, refer to section 4.2.2.4.
The default value is the lowest supported modulation level.
4.2.6.5.5
Maximum Modulation Level
When the Adaptive Modulation Algorithm (see section 4.2.6.5.9) is enabled, it
changes the modulation level dynamically according to link conditions. The
purpose is to increase the probability of using the maximum possible modulation
level at any given moment. Although the algorithm will avoid using modulation
levels that are too high for the prevailing link conditions, it might be better under
certain conditions to limit the use of higher modulation levels. If the link quality
is not sufficient, it is recommended that the maximum modulation level be
decreased, as higher modulation levels increase the error rate. In such
conditions, a higher Maximum Modulation Level increases the number or
retransmissions before the modulation level is being reduced by the Adaptive
Modulation Algorithm. A high number of retransmissions reduces the overall
throughput of the applicable SU as well as all other SUs associated with the same
AU.
The link quality can be estimated based on the SNR measurement of the SU at
the AU, which can be viewed in the MAC Address Database option in the Site
Survey menu. If the measured SNR is less than a certain threshold, it is
recommended that the maximum modulation level of the SU be decreased in
accordance with Table 4-11, using the values of typical sensitivity. It is
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Menus and Parameters
recommended to add a 2 dB safety margin to compensate for possible
measurement inaccuracy or variance in the link quality.
NOTE
The SNR measurement at the AU is accurate only when receiving transmissions from the
applicable SU. If necessary, use the Ping Test utility in the Site Survey menu to verify data
transmission.
When the Adaptive Modulation Algorithm is disabled, this parameter will serve to
determine Fixed Modulation Level used for transmissions.
The minimum value for the Maximum Modulation Level is defined by the SubBand in use.
The maximum value for the Maximum Modulation Level is defined by the SubBand in use and the HW revision of the unit. Units with HW revision A support a
maximum value of 7, while units with HW revision B and higher support a
maximum value of 8.
For information on how to view the Sub-Bands supported by the unit and the
supported parameters’ values and options, refer to section 4.2.2.4.
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The default is the highest supported Modulation Level.
Table 4-11: Recommended Maximum Modulation Level*
SNR
Maximum Modulation Level
SNR > 23 dB
21 dB < SNR < 23 dB
16 dB < SNR < 21 dB
13 dB < SNR < 16 dB
10 dB < SNR < 13 dB
8 dB < SNR < 10 dB
7 dB < SNR < 8 dB
6 dB < SNR < 7 dB
* The maximum supported value depends on the unit’s HW revision and on the Max Modulation
Level according to the Sub-Band.
4.2.6.5.6
Average SNR Memory Factor
The Average SNR Memory Factor defines the weight of history (value of last
calculated average SNR) in the formula used for calculating the current average
SNR for received data frames. This average SNR is used by the ATPC algorithm in
the AU and is also included in the Adaptive Modulation Algorithm information
messages transmitted by the AU and the SU. The higher the value of this
parameter, the higher is the weight of history in the formula.
Available values: -1 to 32. -1 is for no weight for history, meaning that average
SNR equals the last measured SNR.
Default value: 5
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4.2.6.5.7
Number of HW Retries
The Number of HW Retries parameter defines the maximum number of times that
an unacknowledged packet is retransmitted. When the Adaptive Modulation
Algorithm is disabled, a frame will be dropped when the number of unsuccessful
retransmissions reaches this value. For details on the effect of this parameter
when the Adaptive Modulation Algorithm is enabled, refer to section 4.2.6.5.9.
NOTE
The Number of HW Retries parameter is not applicable when the Wireless Link Prioritization Option
is enabled.
The available values range is from 1 to 14.
The default value is 10.
4.2.6.5.8
Burst Mode
Burst mode provides an increased throughput by reducing the overhead
associated with transmissions in the wireless medium. In a burst transmission
the inter-frame spacing is reduced and unicast data frames are transmitted
without any contention period (burst mode is not activated on
broadcasts/multicasts).
The Burst Mode is available only if Burst Mode is supported by the Sub-Band in
use. For information on how to view the Sub-Bands supported by the unit and
the supported parameters’ values and options, refer to section 4.2.2.4.
In AUs with HW Revision B or lower, Burst Mode cannot be activated when the
DFS option is used. In AUs with HW Revision B or lower, the Burst Mode option
will be “blocked” upon trying to enable Burst Mode when the DFS Option is
enabled. This limitation does not apply to AUs with HW Revision C.
In SUs and AUs with HW Revision B or lower, Burst Mode cannot be activated
when using WEP for data encryption. In units with HW Revision B or lower, the
Burst Mode option will be “blocked” upon trying to enable it when using WEP for
data encryption. This limitation does not apply to units with HW Revision C.
NOTE
The Burst Mode parameters are not applicable when the Wireless Link Prioritization Option is
enabled.
4.2.6.5.8.1 Burst Mode Option
The Burst Mode Option enables or disables the Burst Mode operation.
The default is Enable.
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4.2.6.5.8.2 Burst Mode Time Interval
The Burst Mode Time Interval defines the burst size, which is the time in which
data frames are sent immediately without contending for the wireless medium.
The range is 1 to the value of the Maximum Burst Duration defined for the SubBand.
The default is 5 milliseconds or the value of Maximum Burst Duration defined for
the Sub-Band (the lower of the two values).
4.2.6.5.9
Adaptive Modulation Algorithm (Multi Rate)
The Adaptive Modulation Algorithm enables adapting the modulation level of
transmitted data to the prevailing conditions of the applicable radio link. The
algorithm provides Access Units with simultaneous, adaptive support for multiple
Subscriber Units at different modulation levels, as transmission’s modulation
level decisions are made separately for each associated SU.
Link quality fluctuates due to various environmental conditions. Dynamically
switching between the possible modulation levels increases the probability of
using the maximum modulation level suitable for the current radio link quality at
any given moment.
The decisions made by the Adaptive Modulation Algorithm for the modulation
level to be used are based on multiple parameters, including information on
received signal quality (SNR) that is received periodically from the destination
unit, the time that has passed since last transmission to the relevant unit, and
the recent history of successful and unsuccessful
transmissions/retransmissions. In the AU the decision algorithm is performed
separately for each SU.
The transmission/retransmission mechanism operates as follows:
Each new frame (first transmission attempt) will be transmitted at a
modulation level selected by the Adaptive Modulation algorithm.
If first transmission trial has failed, the frame will be retransmitted at the
same modulation level up to the maximum number of retransmission
attempts defined by the Number of HW Retries parameter.
The Adaptive Modulation Parameters menu includes the following parameters:
4.2.6.5.9.1 Adaptive Modulation Option
The Adaptive Modulation Option enables or disables the Adaptive Modulation
decision algorithm. When enabled, the algorithm supports decrease/increase of
transmission’s modulation levels between the lowest possible level to the value
configured for the Maximum Modulation Level parameter. If the Maximum
Modulation Level is set at the lowest possible level, the Adaptive Modulation
algorithm has no effect.
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