Apple Macintosh Performa 6200Cd Series Users Manual

Power Macintosh 6200 series 0308236APRF626300CDUG

6200CD Series to the manual f901ceff-4240-4667-9a38-54419396e636

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Macintosh Performa

User’s Guide

Includes setup, troubleshooting, and health-related information

for Macintosh Performa 6200CD and 6300CD series computers

K Apple Computer, Inc.

©1995 Apple Computer, Inc. All rights reserved.

Under the copyright laws, this manual may not be copied, in whole or in part, without the

written consent of Apple. Your rights to the software are governed by the accompanying

software license agreement.

The Apple logo is a trademark of Apple Computer, Inc., registered in the U.S. and other

countries. Use of the “keyboard” Apple logo (Option-Shift-K) for commercial purposes without

the prior written consent of Apple may constitute trademark infringement and unfair

competition in violation of federal and state laws.

Every effort has been made to ensure that the information in this manual is accurate. Apple is

not responsible for printing or clerical errors.

Apple Computer, Inc.

1 Infinite Loop

Cupertino, CA 95014-2084

(408) 996-1010

Apple, the Apple logo, AppleScript, AppleTalk, EtherTalk, LaserWriter, LocalTalk, Macintosh,

MacTCP, Performa, and PowerTalk are trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc., registered in the

U.S. and other countries.

AppleCD, Apple Desktop Bus, Apple Extra, Balloon Help, Disk First Aid, Extensions Manager,

Finder, Macintosh PC Exchange, Power Macintosh, and QuickDraw GX are trademarks of

Apple Computer, Inc.

Adobe, Adobe Illustrator, Adobe Photoshop, and PostScript are trademarks of Adobe Systems

Incorporated, which may be registered in certain jurisdictions.

ExposurePro is a registered trademark of Baseline Publishing, Inc.

Helvetica and Times are registered trademarks of Linotype-Hell Company.

IBM is a registered trademark, and PowerPC and the PowerPC logo are trademarks, of

International Business Machines Corporation, used under license therefrom.

Motorola is a registered trademark of Motorola Corporation.

QMS is a registered trademark of QMS, Inc.

QuarkXPress is a registered trademark of Quark, Inc.

SuperPaint is a registered trademark of Aldus Corporation.

Tektronix is a registered trademark of Tektronix, Inc.

Simultaneously published in the United States and Canada.

Mention of third-party products is for informational purposes only and constitutes neither an

endorsement nor a recommendation. Apple assumes no responsibility with regard to the

performance or use of these products.

iii

Contents

Communications regulation information vi

Preface Welcome to Macintosh ix

1 Getting Started 1

Plugging in the computer 1

Installing an expansion card 3

Connecting a monitor 3

Connecting the mouse and keyboard 6

Connecting other equipment 8

Turning the computer on 8

Problems starting up? 10

What’s next? 11

Learning the basics 12

Reviewing the basics 13

Turning the computer off 14

Where to find answers 15

2 Getting Help 17

Getting answers to your questions 18

Identifying objects on the screen 26

Learning useful shortcuts 27

3 Connecting Additional Equipment 29

Where to connect additional equipment 30

Connecting an Apple PlainTalk Microphone 31

Connecting external stereo speakers 32

Expanding memory 33

Connecting to an Ethernet network 33

Installing internal drives 34

4 Using Programs and Backing Up Disks 35

Installing application programs 36

Working with several programs at a time 37

Protecting the information on a disk 38

Using application programs designed for the PowerPC microprocessor 39

Using older Macintosh programs 39

5 Using the CD-ROM Drive 41

Inserting a CD-ROM disc 42

Ejecting a CD-ROM disc 43

Types of compact discs you can use 44

Playing audio CDs 45

Working with Photo CDs 46

Sharing a CD-ROM disc over a network 48

iv Contents

6 Troubleshooting 49

When you have questions 49

If you have trouble 49

Solutions to common problems 53

Solutions to CD-ROM problems 65

If your computer’s performance decreases 70

Repairing a damaged disk 71

Initializing a hard disk 77

Installing or reinstalling system software 79

A Health, Safety, and Maintenance Tips 81

Health-related information about computer use 81

Safety instructions 86

Handling your computer equipment 87

Cleaning your equipment 92

Locking and unlocking the mouse 94

B Installing an Expansion Card 97

Opening the computer 99

Installing an LC-PDS card 101

Installing a communication card 102

Closing the computer 104

C Special Keys on Your Keyboard 107

Typing special characters and symbols 109

Special key combinations 110

Index 111

v

Contents

vi Communications Regulation Information

Communications regulation information

FCC statement

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device

in accordance with the specifications in Part 15 of FCC rules. See instructions if interference to

radio or television reception is suspected.

Radio and television interference

The equipment described in this manual generates, uses, and can radiate radio-frequency

energy. If it is not installed and used properly—that is, in strict accordance with Apple’s

instructions—it may cause interference with radio and television reception.

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device

in accordance with the specifications in Part 15 of FCC rules. These specifications are designed

to provide reasonable protection against such interference in a residential installation. However,

there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation.

You can determine whether your computer system is causing interference by turning it off. If

the interference stops, it was probably caused by the computer or one of the peripheral devices.

If your computer system does cause interference to radio or television reception, try to correct

the interference by using one or more of the following measures:

mTurn the television or radio antenna until the interference stops.

mMove the computer to one side or the other of the television or radio.

mMove the computer farther away from the television or radio.

mPlug the computer into an outlet that is on a different circuit from the television or radio.

(That is, make certain the computer and the television or radio are on circuits controlled by

different circuit breakers or fuses.)

If necessary, consult an Apple-authorized service provider or Apple. See the service and support

information that came with your Apple product. Or, consult an experienced radio/television

technician for additional suggestions. You may find the following booklet helpful: Interference

Handbook (stock number 004-000-00493-1). This booklet, prepared by the Federal

Communications Commission, is available from the U.S. Government Printing Office,

Washington, DC 20402.

IMPORTANT

Changes or modifications to this product not authorized by Apple Computer, Inc.,

could void the FCC Certification and negate your authority to operate the product.

This product was tested for FCC compliance under conditions that included the use of Apple

peripheral devices and Apple shielded cables and connectors between system components. It is

important that you use Apple peripheral devices and shielded cables and connectors between

system components to reduce the possibility of causing interference to radios, television sets,

and other electronic devices. You can obtain Apple peripheral devices and the proper shielded

cables and connectors through an Apple-authorized dealer. For non-Apple peripheral devices,

contact the manufacturer or dealer for assistance.

DOC statement

DOC Class B Compliance This digital apparatus does not exceed the Class B limits for radio

noise emissions from digital apparatus as set out in the interference-causing equipment standard

entitled “Digital Apparatus,” ICES-003 of the Department of Communications.

Observation des normes—Classe B Cet appareil numérique respecte les limites de bruits

radioélectriques applicables aux appareils numériques de Classe B prescrites dans la norme

sur le matériel brouilleur: “Appareils Numériques”, NMB-003 édictée par le ministre des

Communications.

VCCI statement

CD-ROM drive

WARNING

Making adjustments or performing procedures other than those specified in your

equipment’s manual may result in hazardous exposure.

WARNING

Do not attempt to disassemble the cabinet containing the laser. The laser beam used in

this product is harmful to the eyes. The use of optical instruments, such as magnifying lenses,

with this product increases the potential hazard to your eyes. For your safety, have this

equipment serviced only by an Apple-authorized service provider.

If you have an internal Apple CD-ROM drive in your computer, your computer is a Class 1

laser product. The Class 1 label, located either on the computer or on the CD-ROM drive inside

the computer, indicates that the drive meets minimum safety requirements. (Note that the label

on your computer may look slightly different from the label pictured below.) A service warning

label is on the CD-ROM drive inside the computer.

vii

Communications Regulation Information

Congratulations on the purchase of your new Macintosh. Your computer is

designed to give you the highest performance combined with real ease of

use—it’s easy to set up, easy to use, and easy to expand. This book will guide

you through the setup procedure, tell you how to expand your Macintosh, and

provide many tips on using your new system.

Your Macintosh computer is powered by the new †microprocessor

(or “chip”). This microprocessor was designed by Apple Computer, Inc.,

Motorola, Inc., and IBM Corporation. The †microprocessor uses

Reduced Instruction Set Computing (RISC) technology to deliver very high

performance at the lowest possible cost. The †RISC microprocessor

represents the state of the art in microprocessor design.

Your new Power Macintosh will run almost all of your existing Macintosh

software, but for best performance and greatest speed, look for the new

software programs designed especially for computers that contain the

†microprocessor. You’ll find †microprocessor–compatible

programs at any software store that carries products for the Macintosh

computer.

ix

Welcome to Macintosh

Monitor cable

(sometimes built into the monitor)

Monitor power cord

Computer power cord

Keyboard

Microphone (optional)

Macintosh Performa computer

Monitor

(You may have a different monitor than shown.)

Mouse

Keyboard cable

(permanently attached

to the keyboard)

The illustration on the facing page shows all the equipment you will need to

set up your computer and begin using it. Place your equipment on a sturdy,

flat surface near a grounded wall outlet. Before following the setup

instructions in this chapter, you may want to read “Arranging Your Office”

in Appendix A (in the section on health-related information) for tips on

adjusting your work furniture so that you’re comfortable when using

the computer.

If you used the setup poster: The poster included with your Macintosh

Performa computer was designed to help you start using your computer as

quickly as possible. This chapter contains more detailed information than the

poster. If you have already set up your computer using the poster, you may

want to turn to the section “What’s Next?” later in this chapter.

Plugging in the computer

Before you plug your Macintosh into a wall socket, carefully read all the

setup instructions in this chapter. Then, before you connect anything to your

Macintosh, follow the instructions in this section to plug it in. The plug

grounds the computer and protects it from electrical damage while you are

setting up.

1

1Getting Started

Follow the instructions in this

chapter to set up your computer

and learn the basics.

When you are ready to begin, follow these steps:

1 Plug the socket end of the computer’s power cord into the recessed power cord socket

(marked with the symbol

≤

) on the back of the computer.

2 Plug the other end of the power cord into a three-hole grounded outlet or power strip.

Choose a power outlet to which you have easy access.

IMPORTANT

Be sure that at least one end of the power cord is within easy

reach so that you can unplug the computer when you need to.

If the computer starts up: If you hear a tone, the computer has started up and

you need to turn it off before proceeding. Press the power button (also called

the standby power button) located on the back of the computer to turn the

computer off.

WARNING

This equipment is intended to be electrically grounded. Your

Macintosh is equipped with a three-wire grounding plug—a plug that

has a third (grounding) pin. This plug will fit only a grounded AC

outlet. This is a safety feature. If you are unable to insert the plug into

the outlet, contact a licensed electrician to replace the outlet with a

properly grounded outlet. Do not defeat the purpose of the grounding

plug!

Power cord plug Power cord socket Standby power button

2Chapter 1

Installing an expansion card

If you purchased any expansion cards for your Macintosh, you may want to

install them now. (For instructions, see Appendix B, “Installing an Expansion

Card,” as well as the documentation that came with the cards.) If you don’t

have an expansion card, go on to the next section, “Connecting a Monitor.”

Connecting a monitor

You can connect many types of monitors to your Macintosh. To connect a

monitor, refer to the instructions that came with the monitor.

Connecting the monitor power cord

Monitors have two cords to connect—a power cord and a monitor cable.

To connect the monitor power cord, follow these steps:

1 Place the monitor where you will be using it.

You may place it on top of your computer. Keep these considerations in mind:

mAllow a few inches for air circulation around the sides of the computer and

monitor.

mMake sure that the top of the screen is slightly below eye level when you’re

sitting at the keyboard.

mPosition the monitor to minimize glare and reflections on the screen from

overhead lights and windows.

mConsult “Arranging Your Office” in Appendix A for suggestions on

locating your computer equipment.

3

Getting Started

2 Connect the monitor power cord to the monitor.

On some monitors, the cord is already attached.

3 Plug in the monitor power cord.

Be sure to plug the power cord into a three-hole grounded outlet or power

strip.

Monitor power cord

Monitor power socket

4Chapter 1

Connecting the monitor cable

After you plug in the monitor power cord, you connect the monitor cable to

the computer’s monitor port.

To connect the monitor cable, follow these steps:

1 Attach the monitor cable to the monitor.

On some monitors the cable is already attached (as shown below).

2 Attach the monitor cable to the monitor port on the back panel of the computer.

The monitor port is marked with the ™icon (symbol).

If your monitor has a microphone or speakers, you may need to connect

additional cables. See the documentation that came with the monitor.

Monitor cable

™

Monitor port

5

Getting Started

Connecting the mouse and keyboard

1 Plug the mouse cable into the recessed port on the back of the keyboard.

The plug and the port are marked with the ◊icon (symbol). The positions of

the port and icon on your keyboard may be different from those pictured.

By the way: A port marked with the ◊icon is called an Apple Desktop Bus

(ADB) port.

This cable plugs into the Apple Desktop Bus (ADB) port,

marked with the

◊

icon, on the back of the computer.

Plug the mouse into the recessed port on

the keyboard. The flat part of the plug should

be pointing down, as shown here.

6Chapter 1

2 Plug the keyboard cable into the port marked with the

◊

icon on the back of the

computer.

Some monitors have a port to which you can connect the keyboard or mouse.

See the information that came with your monitor.

3 If you want to adjust the keyboard angle, lower the feet on the keyboard.

To adjust the keyboard angle, lower the feet until they snap into position.

V

ADB port

7

Getting Started

Connecting other equipment

If you are new to the Macintosh, it’s a good idea to get some experience using

your computer before you connect other equipment, such as a printer or

scanner. To learn basic Macintosh skills, continue with the instructions in this

chapter.

When you’re ready to connect other equipment to your Macintosh, see the

instructions in Chapter 3.

Turning the computer on

Follow these steps to turn the computer on:

1 Turn on the monitor.

See the information that came with your monitor for the location of the power

button.

2 Turn on your computer by pressing the Power key.

The Power key is at the top of the keyboard. You can recognize this key by the

triangle outline on it (π).

You hear a tone from the computer as it starts up.

8Chapter 1

3 Check to see what’s on your screen.

mYou will see a welcome screen that gives you a choice about what to do

next. If you’re new to the Macintosh or would like to review some of the

basics, you’ll want to go through the Performa Tutorial, a program that

teaches how to use your computer. Press the Return key on your keyboard

to go to the tutorial. If you already know how to use your Macintosh and

you don’t want to use the tutorial, you can leave the welcome screen

(by clicking Go To Desktop) and go to the Macintosh desktop.

mWhen you see the Macintosh desktop, as in the illustration below, your

system software has already been installed, and your computer is ready to

use. Skip now to the section “What’s Next?” later in this chapter.

mIf your screen doesn’t have anything on it, see the next section, “Problems

Starting Up?”

9

Getting Started

Macintosh desktop

Hard disk icon

Your Launcher has

more items in it

than are shown in

this illustration.

Problems starting up?

If you don’t see anything on the screen, check these items to see if you can

identify the problem:

mIs the computer plugged into a power source? If it is plugged into a power

strip, is the power strip plugged in and turned on?

mIs the computer turned on? The power-on light on the front panel should

be on. If it isn’t on, press the standby power button on the computer’s back

panel (marked with the symbol ®).

mAre the keyboard and mouse cables connected correctly? (Don’t disconnect

the keyboard or mouse cable while the computer is on. You could damage

your equipment.)

mIs the monitor power cord plugged in?

mIs the monitor turned on? (Check the power-on light on the front of the

monitor.)

mIs the monitor cable attached firmly to both the monitor and computer?

mIs the brightness control on the monitor adjusted correctly? (On Apple

monitors, the brightness control is marked with the symbol ¤.)

If you see a blinking question mark on the screen, turn to “Solutions to

Common Problems” in Chapter 6.

10 Chapter 1

What’s next?

Congratulations! You’ve finished setting up your computer. Now continue

with one of the following steps:

mIf you are new to the Macintosh, turn to the next section, “Learning the

Basics.”

mIf you are an experienced Macintosh user, turn to Chapter 2, “Getting

Help,” to learn about Macintosh Guide, your main source of information

when you’re working with the Macintosh.

mIf you want to connect other equipment, such as a printer, to your

computer, see Chapter 3, “Connecting Additional Equipment.”

mIf you want to install application software on your computer, see Chapter 4

of this book for information on setting up your programs and managing

memory. You’ll need this information to properly set up software programs

specifically designed for computers with PowerPC microprocessors.

Before you begin working with your computer, be sure to read the important

health and safety information in Appendix A.

IMPORTANT

If you need to turn off your computer at any point, please see

“Turning the Computer Off” later in this chapter. It is very important to use

the correct procedure for shutting down your Macintosh before turning it off.

11

Getting Started

Learning the basics

If you are new to the Macintosh, you should begin by looking at the easy-

to-use program called Performa Tutorial. The tutorial teaches you the basic

skills you’ll need to use your computer. To start the tutorial once you are past

the welcome sequence, follow these steps:

1 Slide your mouse along your mouse pad or desk.

Hold the mouse as shown, with the cable pointing away from you. Don’t press

the mouse button (under your index finger). Notice that the arrow (8) on the

screen moves in the same direction that you move the mouse.

If the arrow doesn’t move, make sure that the cables connecting the mouse

and keyboard are secure and that your mouse is positioned as shown in the

illustration.

2 Move the mouse so that the arrow (

8

) is over the picture labeled “Performa Tutorial.”

12 Chapter 1

If you don’t see the Performa Tutorial picture on your screen, put the arrow

on the word “Learning” and click (press and release) the mouse button.

If you run out of room on your mouse pad or desk while moving the mouse,

pick up the mouse and place it where there’s more room. (The arrow on the

screen moves only when the mouse is in contact with the mouse pad or desk.)

3 Without moving the mouse, click the mouse button.

A window appears welcoming you to the tutorial. You can set this book aside

for now and follow the instructions on the screen. When you have completed

both parts of the tutorial, return to this book.

Reviewing the basics

The following illustration summarizes many of the basic skills and terms you

learned from the tutorial.

13

Getting Started

To throw away an item you

no longer want, drag it to the

Trash and choose Empty

Trash from the Special menu.

This icon represents your

computer’s internal hard disk.

To change the size or shape of

a window, drag the size box.

To bring hidden portions of a

window’s contents into view,

click the scroll arrows.

The strip across the

top of the screen is

called the menu bar.

The symbols and

words in it represent

menus that contain

commands.

Icons are small pictures

that represent disks,

folders, programs, and

documents. To open

an icon, click the

icon twice quickly.

Windows are boxes

that display text,

graphics, or icons. To

bring a partially

covered window to

the front, click

anywhere in the

window. To close a window,

click the close box.

You can have several application

programs open at once. To see which

program is active or to switch from

one program to another, use this

menu (called the Application menu).

To find an answer to

a question, look in the

Guide (

h

) menu.

To move a window,

drag it by the title bar.

Turning the computer off

To turn the computer off:

1 Press the Power key (marked with a triangle) on the keyboard.

You will see a message asking whether you want to shut down or continue

working.

2 Click Shut Down.

The computer is now off. To turn the computer back on, you can simply press

the Power key again.

You can also turn off your computer by choosing Shut Down from the Apple

(K) menu. Detailed instructions follow. (Note: The Shut Down command is

also available in the Special menu.)

1 Move the tip of the arrow to the Apple (

K

) menu at the top left of the screen.

2 With the tip of the arrow on the apple, press and hold down the mouse button.

3 While holding down the mouse button, move the arrow down the list of choices until the

words “Shut Down” are highlighted, then release the mouse button.

14 Chapter 1

Where to find answers

When you have questions about using your Macintosh, there are several

places you can look for answers.

In this book

Use this book to help you set up your computer and learn about it,

or to find solutions to problems with your equipment.

In the Guide menu

The Guide menu (marked with the

h

icon) is your main source

of information about the Macintosh. To learn how to get different

kinds of help from the Guide menu, see Chapter 2 in this book.

In other manuals

For answers to questions about other equipment or about

application programs you have purchased, see the manuals

that came with the equipment or programs.

In documents in the Apple Extras folder

The Apple Extras folder (in your System Folder) on your hard disk

contains documents with important information about some of the

application programs included with your computer.

From Apple’s customer support hotline

If you can’t find an answer in any of the materials provided, call the

customer support hotline. The phone number for the hotline is in the

service and support information that came with your computer.

(

Note:

If you have problems with an application program not

published by Apple, call the program’s publisher. Click the Phone

Numbers button in the Service/Support area of the Launcher to see

phone numbers for software publishers.)

User’s Guide

Macintosh Performa

15

Getting Started

17

The Guide menu is your main source of information when you’re working

with your computer. The menu is identified by a question mark (h) in the

upper-right corner of the screen.

2 Getting Help

Use the instructions in this

chapter to learn about the help

available to you in the Guide menu.

Getting answers to your questions

When you have a question while working with your computer, you can get the

answer by choosing Macintosh Guide from the Guide menu.

1 Pull down the Application menu (in the upper-right corner of the screen) and choose

Finder to make it the active application program.

A checkmark in the menu indicates that the Finder is the active program.

2 Pull down the Guide menu (marked with the

h

icon) and choose Macintosh Guide.

The Macintosh Guide window appears.

Whenever you use Macintosh Guide, its window remains in front of other

windows. If the window gets in your way, you can move it by dragging its

title bar (the gray bar across the top of the window).

18 Chapter 2

3 Notice the three buttons at the top of the window: Topics, Index, and Look For.

Macintosh Guide gives you three ways of finding information:

m

Topics

lets you choose from a list of general subjects; it is like the table of

contents in a book.

m

Index

lets you choose from an alphabetical list of more specific subjects; it

is like the index in a book.

m

Look For

lets you search for information related to a specific word or phrase

that you type.

In the following sections you will practice using each method.

If you have problems while using Macintosh Guide, see “Tips for Using

Macintosh Guide” later in this chapter.

Getting answers with the Topics button

1 In the Macintosh Guide window, click the Topics button.

A list of general topics appears on the left side of the Macintosh Guide

window. (Depending on the hardware and software you have, the list of topics

may look different.)

19

Getting Help

2 Click “Setting Options” in the list of topics.

When you click any topic area, a list of related questions appears on the right

side of the Macintosh Guide window.

3 Click the question “How do I set the time and date?” and then click OK. Or double-click

the question.

A small window appears with instructions for you to follow.

4 Read and follow the instructions in this window.

Macintosh Guide provides step-by-step instructions to answer the question

you selected. When you have completed each step, click the right arrow in the

lower-right corner to see the next step.

5 When you have completed all the steps, click the Topics button in the lower-left corner to

return to the main Macintosh Guide window.

Now continue with the next section.

20 Chapter 2

Click here to see the next

step (if there is one).

To get instructions,

click a question…

…and then click OK.

If you want to

return to the main

Macintosh Guide

window, click here.

Getting answers with the Index button

1 In the Macintosh Guide window, click the Index button.

An alphabetical list of subjects appears on the left side of the window.

2 Scroll through the alphabetical list until the phrase “background pattern” is visible.

You can scroll through the list either by dragging the slider to the letter Bor

by using the scroll bar at the right of the list.

3 Click the phrase “background pattern” in the alphabetical list.

When you click any index entry, a list of related questions appears on the

right side of the Macintosh Guide window.

21

Getting Help

Scroll bar

Slider

To get instructions,

click a question…

…and then click OK.

4 Click the question “How do I change the background pattern?” and then click OK. Or

double-click the question.

A small window appears with instructions for you to follow.

5 Read and follow the instructions in the window.

Macintosh Guide provides step-by-step instructions to answer the question

you selected. When you have completed each step, click the right arrow in the

lower-right corner to see the next step.

6 When you have completed all the steps, click the Topics button in the lower-left corner to

return to the main Macintosh Guide window.

Now continue with the next section.

22 Chapter 2

Click here to see the next

step (if there is one).

If you want to

return to the main

Macintosh Guide

window, click here.

Getting answers with the Look For button

1 In the Macintosh Guide window, click the Look For button.

A small box appears on the left side of the window, where you can type text.

2 Click the arrow button to activate the text box.

3 Type “trash” in the text box and then click Search.

When you click Search, a list of questions related to the word or phrase you

typed appears on the right side of the Macintosh Guide window.

23

Getting Help

To activate the text

box, click here.

Type a word or phrase

in the text box…

…and then click here.

To get instructions,

click a question…

…and then click OK.

4 Click the question “How do I change the beep sound?” and then click OK. Or double-

click the question.

A small window appears with instructions for you to follow.

5 Read and follow the instructions in the window.

Macintosh Guide provides step-by-step instructions to answer the question

you selected. When you have completed each step, click the right arrow in the

lower-right corner to display the next step.

6 When you have completed all the steps, click the close box in the upper-left corner to

close Macintosh Guide.

24 Chapter 2

If you want to close

Macintosh Guide,

click here.

Click here to see the next

step (if there is one).

Tips for using Macintosh Guide

Here are a few tips for using Macintosh Guide effectively:

mMacintosh Guide is available only when you are in the Finder—the

desktop area where you can see the icons of disks, folders, and files.

(Other programs may also have help available in the Guide menu,

however.) If you don’t see Macintosh Guide in the Guide menu, pull

down the Application menu (to the right of the Guide menu) and

choose Finder.

mFollow the steps when you’re instructed to; don’t skip ahead or read

ahead. That way the computer can check to make sure you’ve done a

step correctly.

mUnlike most windows, the Macintosh Guide window stays in front of

other windows on the screen so that your instructions are never

covered. If you need to move the Guide window out of the way, drag

it by the title bar at the top of the window.

You can also move the window out of the way by clicking the zoom

box. Click the box once to shrink the window; click it a second time

to expand the window to its original size.

mIf you need more information about an instruction or a term, click the

button labeled “Huh?” to get further explanation. (The “Huh?” button

is dimmed when no additional information is available.)

mIf you want to return to the main Macintosh Guide window, click the

Topics button in the lower-left corner of the Guide window.

mWhen you’re finished using Macintosh Guide, click the close box in

the upper-left corner of the window.

25

Getting Help

“Huh?” button Right arrow

Title bar

Zoom box

Topics button

Close box

Identifying objects on the screen

Sometimes you’ll see an unfamiliar item on the screen and ask yourself,

“What’s that?” You can get an answer by using a Macintosh feature known as

Balloon Help.

Balloon Help explains the function of icons, menus, commands, and other

items on the Macintosh screen in balloons like those you see in comic strips.

Follow these steps to use Balloon Help:

1 Pull down the Guide menu (marked with the

h

icon) and choose Show Balloons.

2 Point to any object on the screen that you want to identify.

A balloon appears next to the object. In the following illustration, for

example, pointing to the Trash displays a balloon that explains how to use the

Trash to throw items away.

Although balloons appear next to items when you point to them, the way

you work does not change; you can still select icons, choose commands, and

so on.

3 When you’re finished using Balloon Help, choose Hide Balloons from the Guide menu.

26 Chapter 2

Learning useful shortcuts

You can perform many tasks in the Finder more quickly if you use keyboard

or mouse shortcuts. For example, instead of clicking an icon and choosing

Open from the File menu, you can simply double-click the icon to open it.

Follow these steps to learn keyboard and mouse shortcuts:

1 Pull down the Guide menu (marked with the

h

icon) and choose Shortcuts.

The main Macintosh Shortcuts window appears.

2 Click one of the category buttons.

Another window appears, describing shortcuts for that category.

27

Getting Help

If you want to

close the window,

click here.

Click here to see the next

window (if there is one).

Click here to return to

the main Macintosh

Shortcuts window for

more categories.

3 Read about the shortcuts available for the category you selected.

Click the right arrow in the lower-right corner of the window to display the

next window (if there is one).

4 When you finish reading about the shortcuts for your category, click the Topics button in

the lower-left corner to return to the main Macintosh Shortcuts window. Or click the

close box in the upper-left corner to close the window.

28 Chapter 2

29

The illustration below shows a basic Macintosh Performa system. You can

expand your computer system by connecting additional hardware (such as a

printer, a modem, or external stereo speakers).

Mouse

Monitor

(You may have a

different monitor than

the one shown here.)

Computer

Keyboard

Hard disk drive

(internal)

Floppy disk drive

CD-ROM drive

Volume buttons

Use these buttons to

change the volume of the

computer’s sound.

CD-ROM drive

Open/Close button

Power-on light

Microphone (optional)

Headphone jack

Remote control sensor

-

f

3Connecting Additional Equipment

Read this chapter for

information on expanding

your computer system

with additional hardware.

Where to connect additional equipment

The illustration on this page shows where equipment should be connected to

your computer. (These items can be purchased from Apple-authorized dealers.)

For instructions on connecting additional equipment such as a printer or

scanner, see the manual that came with the equipment.

-

Sound output port

W

Modem port

[

Printer port



Connects your Macintosh

to a printer or

LocalTalk network.

V

Apple Desktop

Bus (ADB) portConnects your

Macintosh to input

equipment, such as a

keyboard or a trackball.

≈

Sound input port

g

SCSI portConnects your Macintosh to

SCSI equipment, such as external

hard disk drives and scanners.

*If your computer has an internal modem, this port is covered. Don’t remove the cover or connect anything to this

port if you have an internal modem.

Connects an external

modem to your Macintosh.* Connects your Macintosh to

headphones, externally

powered (amplified)

speakers, or other audio

output equipment.

Connects your Macintosh to a

professional-quality microphone

or other audio input equipment.

F

Security lock

port

Standby power button

≤

Power socket

™

Monitor portConnects your monitor

to your Macintosh.

Internal modem (optional)

You may have an internal

modem or other communication

card installed.

PDS card access cover

Covers port for optional

processor-direct slot (PDS)

expansion card.

Video input card (optional)

Connects your Macintosh to a video camera,

VCR, or other video equipment.

TV tuner card (optional)

Connects your Macintosh

to an external TV antenna

or cable TV service.

®

WARNING

Before you connect any equipment—such as a mouse,

keyboard, or external SCSI device—to your computer, make sure that

your computer is plugged in (in order to ground the computer) and

turned off. If you connect equipment with the computer turned on, you

can damage your computer and your equipment.

30 Chapter 3

Connecting an Apple PlainTalk Microphone

Your computer has a sound input port, which you can use to connect an Apple

PlainTalk Microphone. The Apple PlainTalk Microphone is included with

some computer models. If your computer did not include an Apple PlainTalk

Microphone, you can purchase one at an Apple-authorized dealer.

Use PlainTalk only: You should connect only the Apple PlainTalk

Microphone. Other models of microphone will not work with your

Macintosh.

To connect the microphone, do this:

m

Plug the microphone’s connector into the sound input port (marked with the icon

X

)

on the back of the computer.

Sound

input port Sound

output port

31

Connecting Additional Equipment

Connecting external stereo speakers

You can take advantage of your computer’s stereo sound output by attaching

externally powered (amplified) speakers.

1 Assemble the speakers and the cable you need.

You need a cable with stereo miniplugs at each end to connect one or both

speakers to the computer. (Some speakers require a dual-plug adapter.

Others, like those shown here, accept a single stereo miniplug and are joined

by standard speaker wires.)

The following illustration shows the equipment configuration and the

connections for a computer sound system.

2 Turn off the Macintosh.

3 Plug a stereo miniplug into the sound output port on the Macintosh.

4 Plug a stereo miniplug into the Audio In port on one of the speakers.

If the speakers take a dual-plug cable, connect both plugs to the speakers’

Audio In ports.

Stereo miniplug

Audio In port

-

Sound output port

Externally

powered

speakers

32 Chapter 3

5 Connect the speakers together with speaker wires, if necessary.

6 Turn on the computer.

You hear the computer’s sound through the external speakers.

Note: To control the volume of your external speakers, use the volume button

on the front of the computer. If you are playing an audio compact disc (CD),

you may also need to adjust the volume control in the program you’re using to

play CDs. For more information on sound and playing audio CDs, see the

“Sound” topic of Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu.

Expanding memory

The random-access memory (RAM) in your computer can be expanded.

Installing additional RAM adds more memory chips to your computer and

expands its capabilities. The Technical Information booklet that came with

your computer describes how much additional memory can be installed in

your Macintosh.

Connecting to an Ethernet network

This section contains information for people whose computers are connected

to other computers through a local area network. (Using a modem is not the

same as being connected to a local area network. If you have an internal

modem, you do not need an Ethernet card.)

WARNING

To avoid damage to your computer, Apple recommends that

only an Apple-certified technician install additional RAM. Consult the

service and support information that came with your computer for

instructions on how to contact an Apple-authorized service provider or

Apple for service. If you attempt to install additional RAM yourself, any

damage you may cause to your equipment will not be covered by the

limited warranty on your computer. See an Apple-authorized dealer or

service provider for information about this or any other warranty

question.

33

Connecting Additional Equipment

If you buy and install an Ethernet card, you can connect your Macintosh to

an existing high-speed Ethernet network that uses thin coaxial cables,

10BASE-T twisted pair cables, thick coaxial cables, or other standard cables.

Depending on the type of cables used in the Ethernet network you’re

connected to, you may need to purchase an Apple Ethernet media adapter

or other compatible media adapter to connect your Macintosh. (Consult

the service and support information that came with your computer for

instructions on how to contact an Apple-authorized service provider or

Apple for more information on Apple Ethernet media adapters.)

To use Ethernet, you need to change the network connection in the Network

control panel. (For instructions on how to select a network connection and

other information about using your Macintosh on a network, see the

“Networks & Telecommunications” topic of Macintosh Guide, available in the

Guide [h] menu.)

IMPORTANT

Your Macintosh supports EtherTalk Phase 2 (AppleTalk

Phase 2 Protocols for Ethernet networks) and TCP/IP (via MacTCP software).

Non-Apple products that you can use to communicate over Ethernet using

protocols are also available. Your Macintosh does not support EtherTalk

Phase 1 (AppleTalk Phase 1 protocols for Ethernet networks).

Installing internal drives

Your Macintosh comes with three internal storage devices—a floppy disk

drive, a CD-ROM (compact disc read-only memory) drive, and a hard disk

drive (several capacities are available). If you want to replace an internal

drive, see your Apple-authorized dealer.

CAUTION

The use of an Ethernet card will make your Macintosh a

Class A computing device, according to FCC regulations.

34 Chapter 3

35

Your computer came with several application programs already installed. You

can open these programs by clicking their buttons in the Launcher.

The Apple Extras folder on your hard disk (and on the Macintosh Performa

CD) contains additional programs, including the following:

mQuickDraw GX gives your computer more powerful printing and font

capabilities. You’ll want to install QuickDraw GX only if you purchased

another program that requires it. Your computer needs at least 8 megabytes

of random-access memory (RAM) to use QuickDraw GX. You can install it

by opening the QuickDraw GX folder and double-clicking the Installer

icon.

mPowerTalk provides an open collaboration environment with a universal

mailbox and other electronic mail services. You’ll want to install PowerTalk

only if you use your computer on a local area network (connected to other

computers) and if you purchased another program that requires it. Your

computer needs at least 8 megabytes of RAM to use PowerTalk. You can

install it by opening the PowerTalk folder and double-clicking the Installer

icon.

mApple Video Player lets you watch video or TV on your computer. With

Apple Video Player and a video input card, you can watch video on your

computer. With Apple Video Player, a video input card, and a TV tuner

card, you can watch video and TV. For instructions on using Apple Video

Player, open AppleVideo Player and then choose Apple Video Player Guide

from the Guide (h) menu.

4Using Programs and Backing Up Disks

Read this chapter to learn how to work

with application programs and protect

the information on your disks.

Installing application programs

You may want to buy and install additional application programs. See the

manuals you receive with your programs for instructions on installing and

using them.

In most cases, you’ll install an application program on your internal hard disk

from floppy disks that contain the program. The following illustration shows

how to insert a floppy disk in your computer’s floppy disk drive.

For instructions on how to eject floppy disks, see the “Disks” topic of

Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu.

To use your programs most effectively, follow these guidelines:

mPut only one copy of each program on your hard disk. Having more than

one copy can cause errors.

mWhenever you copy a program disk to your hard disk, be careful not to

copy a System Folder. Always check to see what you’ve copied, and drag

any extra System Folders to the Trash.

mIf you have problems using a program, read the manuals you received with

the program.

mIf a program malfunctions consistently, try installing a fresh copy. If that

doesn’t help, find out from the software manufacturer whether your version

of the program is compatible with your computer model and the system

software you’re using.

To put a program into the Launcher, simply drag the program’s icon (or its

alias) into the Launcher window, or onto the Applications category button in

the Launcher.

Insert the floppy disk, metal

end first, into the floppy disk

drive of your computer.

36 Chapter 4

Working with several programs at a time

You can open as many application programs and desk accessories as your

computer’s memory allows.

All open programs are listed in the Application menu at the right end of the

menu bar. The name of the active program (the one you’re using right now)

has a checkmark next to it, and its icon appears in the menu bar.

Finding out which programs are open

If you have several programs and windows open, you can find out which

program is active and which other programs are open by pulling down the

Application menu.

Switching programs

You can switch to another open program or desk accessory by choosing its

name from the Application menu.

If a program’s icon is dimmed in the menu, that means its windows are

hidden. Choosing the program from the Application menu displays its

windows.

You can also switch to another program by clicking in a window that belongs

to an open program, by double-clicking a program icon, or by double-clicking

the icon of a document that was created with the program.

37

Using Programs and Backing Up Disks

The Finder icon

Commands to hide or

display open windows

Programs that are open

A checkmark

indicates the active

program.

Hiding and showing windows on the desktop

You can hide all windows except those of the active program by choosing

Hide Others from the Application menu.

The other programs remain open even though their windows are hidden.

When you switch to another program, its windows become visible again.

If you want to see all the open windows, choose Show All from the

Application menu.

Protecting the information on a disk

When you have a valuable document like a birth certificate, you probably

make an extra copy of it for safekeeping. Similarly, you should make a copy of

the documents you create on your computer. The extra copy is called a

backup, and the process of making the copy is called backing up.

Once you have a backup, you’re protected from accidentally losing the

information on your hard disk. In the unlikely event that something happens

to your hard disk, you can easily get the information back.

Your computer’s hard disk comes with a lot of valuable information already

stored on it, including system software and some application programs. The

Macintosh Performa CD contains a backup copy of all the system software and

application programs that came with your computer. See the Macintosh

Performa CD booklet for instructions on using the CD to reinstall software.

Making backup copies of the documents you create

mYou can back up files stored on your hard disk by copying them to

floppy disks.

mYou can back up an entire floppy disk by copying it to another floppy disk

of the same capacity or larger, or by copying it to a hard disk.

mYou can use a commercial backup program to copy new and changed files

from a hard disk to another hard disk, to a tape drive, or to a series of

floppy disks.

mIf your computer is on a network, you may be able to back up files by

copying them to a shared disk on the network.

38 Chapter 4

Restoring the information on your hard disk

If information on your hard disk becomes damaged or lost, you can restore it

if you have a backup copy of the information. The Macintosh Performa CD

contains copies of all the system software and application programs that came

with your computer. See the Macintosh Performa CD booklet for instructions

on using the Macintosh Performa CD.

Using application programs designed for the PowerPC microprocessor

Your Macintosh is compatible with most application programs intended for

use with Macintosh computers. But certain programs are designed especially

for use with computers that have the PowerPC microprocessor. (These

programs are sometimes called “native” applications.) You’ll find that these

programs take best advantage of your computer’s speed.

Special memory requirements

Some native applications may be slightly larger than other programs and may

take up more memory. If you find that you are running out of memory when

you use one of these programs, you can use space on your computer’s hard

disk as additional memory. For instructions on how to use hard disk space

as memory, see the “Memory” topic of Macintosh Guide, available in the

Guide (h) menu.

You can also add more memory to your computer, as described in “Expanding

Memory” in Chapter 3.

Using older Macintosh programs

If you experience problems using an older Macintosh program, it may be

incompatible with your Macintosh. You may be able to use your older

program if you change the Modern Memory Manager setting in your

Memory control panel. For detailed instructions on using older programs

with your Macintosh, see the “Working with Programs” topic of Macintosh

Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu.

39

Using Programs and Backing Up Disks

41

5Using the CD-ROM Drive

This chapter provides information on the CD-ROM drive (also called a

CD-ROM player). Refer to Appendix A, “Health, Safety, and Maintenance

Tips” for information on the proper handling of these discs.

Your internal CD-ROM drive for Macintosh computers works with

CD-ROM discs, standard audio compact discs (CDs), and single-session or

multisession Photo CDs. Your CD-ROM drive provides access to large

amounts of information. However, you cannot save information on CD-ROM

discs. ROM stands for read-only memory, meaning that the drive cannot

“write” information onto CD-ROM discs.

A wide selection of CD-ROM discs is available for entertainment, education,

and business. A typical disc can hold over 650 megabytes (MB) of

information—the equivalent of 270,000 pages of text, up to 8 hours

of speech or music (depending on the sound quality), hundreds of high-

resolution images, or any combination of text, sound, and graphics.

Read this chapter for information about

your computer’s built-in CD-ROM drive.

Inserting a CD-ROM disc

Follow these instructions to insert a CD-ROM disc into your CD-ROM drive.

Then follow the instructions provided with your disc, as well as the

instructions in this manual.

1 Start up your Macintosh computer, if it’s not already on.

2 Press the Open/Close button to open the tray of the CD-ROM drive.

The tray opens.

3 Place a CD-ROM disc in the tray, with the disc label facing up.

Make sure the disc is lying flat and centered in the tray. If you are using a

small (8cm) disc, make sure it is centered within the inside ring on the tray.

4 Push the tray in, or press the Open/Close button, to close the tray.

In a few moments, an icon for the CD-ROM disc appears on your screen.

Open/Close button

Chapter 5

42

Using the CD-ROM Drive

Ejecting a CD-ROM disc

Follow these instructions to open the tray and eject a CD-ROM disc from

your computer.

IMPORTANT

You may not be able to eject a disc if it is being shared. To turn

off file sharing, use the Sharing Setup control panel.

1 Open the tray.

There are several ways to open the tray of your CD-ROM drive.

If a CD-ROM disc icon appears on your screen:

mSelect the disc icon on your screen and drag the icon to the Trash.

mClick the disc icon, then choose the Put Away command in the File menu.

mWhile the AppleCD Audio Player window is active, choose Eject CD from

the File menu, or simultaneously press the xand E keys. (AppleCD Audio

Player is a program that allows you to control your CD-ROM player and is

available in the Apple [K] menu.)

If no CD-ROM disc icon appears on your screen:

mPress the Open/Close button for your CD-ROM drive.

2 Take the CD-ROM disc out of the tray.

Store your disc in a safe place, away from heat, dust, and moisture.

3 Push the tray in, or press the Open/Close button, to close the tray.

To avoid possible damage to the tray or the CD-ROM drive, keep the tray

closed when you are not using it.

43

Types of compact discs you can use

Not all CD-ROM discs store information in the same way. A disc stores

and displays information according to a given file format. Your computer’s

system software must understand the file format in order to use the contents

of the disc.

Standard file formats

You can use CD-ROM discs with these standard file formats:

mHFS (Hierarchical File System)—the standard format used by the

Macintosh.

mISO 9660—the International Standards Organization’s file format for

CD-ROM discs. This format has been adopted by many CD manufacturers

to make their discs compatible with a variety of computers. It is also the

format that allows you to use Photo CDs in your CD-ROM drive.

mThe High Sierra format, a predecessor of the ISO 9660 format.

mPhoto CDs

mAudio CDs

The software that lets you use discs with these file formats is already installed

on your computer.

Other CD-ROM formats

Your CD-ROM drive also works with file formats other than the ones listed

above (for example, CD-ROM XA), provided that you install the appropriate

software on your Macintosh. To find out about the availability of Macintosh

software for additional file formats, contact the publisher of a particular disc.

Audio CDs

Your CD-ROM drive can play audio CDs and audio tracks on CD-ROM discs

using your computer’s built-in speaker. You can also attach headphones or

speakers to your computer for stereo sound. For further information, see the

“Disks” topic of Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu.

Chapter 5

44

Using the CD-ROM Drive

Photo CDs

With your CD-ROM drive, you can use QuickTime to open digitized images

stored on Photo CDs.

For further information on Photo CDs, see the “Disks” topic of Macintosh

Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu.

Playing audio CDs

With your CD-ROM drive and your computer’s built-in speaker, you can play

audio compact discs (CDs) or audio tracks on CD-ROM discs. You can also

attach headphones or speakers to the computer to listen to audio CDs and

audio tracks. See Chapter 3 for information on connecting sound equipment

to your computer.

To start, stop, and otherwise control audio discs, use the AppleCD Audio

Player program, available in the Apple () menu, Your audio CD software

will only play tracks that contain audio information. You can listen to an

audio CD or audio tracks in the background while you do other work on your

computer. For more information about playing audio CDs, see the “Disks”

topic of Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu.

You can listen to an audio CD or CD-ROM disc with audio tracks in the

background while you use your computer for other work.

45

Working with Photo CDs

You can use your CD-ROM drive to open Photo CD images stored on Photo

CDs. A Photo CD image is a digitized version of a standard photograph that

you can open and view on your computer screen.

You can do many things with the images on your Photo CDs:

mOpen and view the images individually on your computer screen.

mView the images on your computer screen in a series, as you would view

a slide presentation.

mCopy and save the images, print them, paste them into word-processing

documents or other documents that accept graphics, and edit them with

a graphics application program.

Photo CD images are an excellent source of graphics for desktop

publishing, multimedia presentations, business documents, and

professional-quality graphic design. For more information on working with

Photo CD images, see the “Disks” topic of Macintosh Guide, available in

the Guide (h) menu.

Chapter 5

46

Obtaining Photo CDs

Your own photographs can be recorded as Photo CD images on a Photo CD.

To obtain a Photo CD of your own photographs, take your standard 35-mm

film to a photofinisher who has a Photo CD system. The photofinisher

develops your film, digitizes the photographs, and gives you back a Photo CD

containing your Photo CD images. A single Photo CD can hold approximately

a hundred images.

If your Photo CD isn’t full, you can take it back to the photofinisher and

have more photos added until the disc is full. Such discs are called

multisession discs because they contain images added after the first session.

Your CD-ROM drive can read both single-session and multisession Photo

CDs. (Other CD-ROM drives can read only single-session discs and are

unable to read the additional images placed on a multisession disc.)

Before viewing the contents of a Photo CD

Normally, you open Photo CD images with the SimpleText program that came

with your computer. If you wish, you can use a graphics or image-editing

program instead of SimpleText to open images. For instructions, see the

“Working with Programs” topic of Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide

(h) menu. If you use SimpleText to view high-resolution images, you should

increase the amount of memory that SimpleText uses. For more information

on memory, see the “Memory” topic of Macintosh Guide, available in the

Guide (h) menu.

A note about resolution

When a Photo CD image is created, it’s recorded at five different levels of

resolution. The higher the resolution, the more information is recorded about

the image, and the sharper the image appears when displayed or printed at

larger sizes. However, high-resolution images take up a lot of memory—up to

18 MB of data for one photograph—which affects file size, as well as the

amount of time it takes to display or print an image.

It’s best to work with a resolution appropriate for your monitor or printer.

Some monitors and printers cannot display or print very high-resolution

images.

47

Using the CD-ROM Drive

For most work, a resolution of 768 x 512 pixels or smaller is suitable. For

detailed work or very high-quality reproductions, you may want to use a

higher resolution.

Make sure to open high-resolution images with application programs designed

to handle large image files. SimpleText cannot open very large files.

Sharing a CD-ROM disc over a network

You can share a CD-ROM disc using the file-sharing feature of System 7.5. If

the disc has audio portions, you will be able to hear the audio yourself, but

other people on the network will not. Likewise, you cannot hear the audio

portions of discs you access over a network.

For further information about file sharing in System 7.5, see the “Networks

and Telecommunications” topic of Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide

(h) menu.

48 Chapter 5

49

Consult this chapter if you experience

problems using your computer.

When you have questions

If you want to know how to do a particular task with your computer, refer to

Macintosh Guide in the Guide (h) menu. For instructions on using

Macintosh Guide, see Chapter 2 of this manual.

If you have trouble

While you’re using your computer, you may occasionally see a bomb icon

or an error message, or the pointer (8) may “freeze” on the screen. If you have

trouble with your computer, take a few minutes to read the information in this

chapter. If your problem is related to a particular procedure, you should also

look for information on that procedure in Macintosh Guide, available in the

Guide (h) menu. For additional troubleshooting information and a list of

common questions relating to your system software, see the “Troubleshooting”

topic of Macintosh Guide.

If you are unable to access Macintosh Guide (for example, if your screen

is “frozen”), refer to this chapter to see if you can resolve the problem.

6Troubleshooting

Take your time

When you see an error message, you don’t have to take action immediately.

The message stays on the screen until you click the OK (or Restart) button or

turn off the Macintosh.

To help diagnose and correct the problem, follow the suggestions in this

section. Gather as much information on the situation as you can. Then follow

the instructions in the next section, “Start Over.”

mMake a note of exactly what you were doing when the problem occurred.

Write down the message on the screen. List the programs you were using

and the names of any items you know have been added to the System

Folder since the system software was installed. This information will help

a service person diagnose the problem. (It is helpful to keep a printed copy

of the items in your System Folder. For instructions on printing the

contents of a folder, see the “Printing & Fonts” topic of Macintosh Guide,

available in the Guide [h] menu.)

mCheck the screen for any clues. Is a menu selected? What programs and

document icons are open? Note anything else that seems relevant.

mIf you were typing text and were not able to save it before the problem

occurred, you can write down the parts of the text still visible on the

screen so that some of your work will be easy to replace.

mAsk other Macintosh users about the problem you’re having; they may have

a solution for it.

If you need repair service, consult the service and support information that

came with your computer for instructions on how to contact an Apple-

authorized service provider or Apple for assistance.

50 Chapter 6

Start over

Often you can eliminate a problem simply by clearing the computer’s memory

and starting over.

If you can, save any open documents before restarting the Macintosh. If your

system is frozen and does not respond to anything you do, or if you have a

“bomb” message on the screen, saving may not be possible. You can try

pressing x-Option-Esc to quit the program in use when the problem

occurred; if this works, you can then save the documents open in other

programs before restarting. (Note: Use this key combination to force a

program to quit only when you can’t choose Quit from the File menu.)

To restart your Macintosh, try the following steps:

1 If you can, choose Restart from the Special menu or from the dialog box that’s on

screen.

Dialog boxes contain messages from the computer. If something goes wrong,

a message may appear on the screen, asking you to restart the computer.

2 If you can’t choose Restart, hold down the

x

and Control keys while you press the

Power key (marked with a triangle).

This key combination restarts the computer. (Use this key combination only

when you can’t choose Restart from the Special menu.)

3 If nothing happens, turn off your computer with the standby power button, wait at least

10 seconds, and then turn it on again.

4 If the standby power button doesn’t turn off the computer, unplug your Macintosh.

If you suspect that the problem is with other equipment, such as a printer or

an external hard disk that’s attached to your computer, turn that equipment off

for 10 seconds or longer, then turn it on again and restart the Macintosh.

51

Troubleshooting

Rebuild your desktop regularly

A process known as “rebuilding the desktop” helps your Macintosh keep

track of data on your disks. It’s a good idea to rebuild the desktop of your

disks once a month or so, especially your startup disks. (Although you usually

use the hard disk in your computer as a startup disk, you can also start up

from any other disk that has system software installed.)

To rebuild the desktop of your internal hard disk disk, follow these steps:

1 Hold down the Option and

x

keys while you start up your computer.

Do not release the keys until you see a message asking whether you want to

rebuild the desktop.

2 Click OK.

You can also use this procedure to rebuild the desktop of an external hard disk

or a floppy disk. Simply turn on the external hard disk or insert the floppy

disk into a floppy disk drive before you turn on the computer.

If icons do not appear correctly after you rebuild the desktop, restart your

computer while pressing the Shift key to temporarily turn off system

extensions. When you see the “Welcome to Macintosh—extensions off”

message, release the Shift key and press the Option and xkeys until you see

a message asking if you want to rebuild the desktop.

52 Chapter 6

Solutions to common problems

This section contains descriptions of problems you could experience with

your computer. Some problems may be caused by your CD-ROM drive, so if

you don’t find your problem here, be sure to check the section “Solutions to

CD-ROM Problems,” later in this chapter.

The computer is turned on but the screen is dark.

One of the following is probably the cause:

mYou have a screen saver program that darkens the screen when the

computer has not been used for a certain period.

Press a key or move the mouse to turn off the screen saver.

mThe brightness (¤) and contrast (O) buttons are not adjusted properly.

Adjust the brightness and contrast of your monitor.

mThe Macintosh or the monitor is not getting power.

Check that the monitor is plugged in and turned on, and that the monitor

cable is firmly connected to both the computer and the monitor.

Check that the computer’s power cord is firmly connected to the computer

and plugged into a grounded electrical outlet, and that the outlet has power.

If you have more than one monitor and only one is dark, check that it is set

up correctly in the Monitors control panel. For information on using more

than one monitor, see the “Monitors” topic of Macintosh Guide, available

in the Guide (h) menu.

The computer’s clock keeps time inaccurately.

Your computer has a clock that runs continuously. When the computer is

turned off, a battery keeps the clock running. If your clock begins to keep

time inaccurately, have your Apple-authorized service provider replace the

battery.

53

Troubleshooting

When you start up, a disk icon with a blinking question mark appears in the middle

of the screen.

This icon indicates that your Macintosh cannot find the system software it

needs to start up. One of the following is probably the cause:

mYour computer may be having a problem recognizing external SCSI

equipment, such as hard disks, CD-ROM drives, and scanners. (SCSI

stands for Small Computer System Interface.)

Turn off all external SCSI equipment and disconnect the first SCSI device

in the chain from your computer’s SCSI port. Then restart the computer.

If the computer starts up after you disconnect your SCSI equipment, refer

to the manuals that came with the equipment for information on the proper

way to connect SCSI equipment and assign SCSI ID numbers.

If you have a printer connected to your computer’s SCSI port, make sure

your printer is connected properly. Most printers connect to the printer

port, not the SCSI port. Check the manuals that came with your printer for

information on how to connect it properly.

mSystem software is not installed on the startup hard disk, the system

software is damaged, or the hard disk is not working properly.

Insert the Macintosh Performa CD. Then follow the instructions in

“Repairing a Damaged Disk” to test your startup hard disk and repair

any damage.

If repairing the disk doesn’t help, follow the instructions in the Macintosh

Performa CD booklet to reinstall system software on your startup hard disk.

54 Chapter 6

A disk icon with an X appears in the middle of the screen and a floppy disk is ejected

from the disk drive.

This icon indicates that the floppy disk you tried to start up from is not a

startup disk. When you turn on your computer, it looks first in the floppy disk

drive for a disk containing system software. If the disk in the drive does not

contain system software, the computer ejects the disk and looks on its internal

hard disk for system software.

Wait a few seconds. The computer should start up from its internal hard

disk. Make sure you insert floppy disks only after the computer has begun

starting up.

A “sad Macintosh” icon appears and the computer won’t start up.

This icon indicates that your Macintosh cannot start up because of a problem

with the system software or the computer hardware.

Eject any floppy disks by turning off the computer and then holding down the

mouse button while you turn the computer on again. Try starting up with the

Macintosh Performa CD. (For instructions on how to start up your computer

from the CD-ROM disc, see the Macintosh Performa CD booklet, which came

with your computer.) If the “sad Macintosh” icon appears again, consult the

service and support information that came with your computer for

information on contacting an Apple-authorized service provider or Apple

for assistance.

55

Troubleshooting

The hard disk icon does not appear on the desktop.

If you don’t see a hard disk icon on the desktop, try the following:

mUse the Drive Setup program to make the disk available. Drive Setup is

located in the Apple Extras folder. For instructions, start Drive Setup, then

choose Drive Setup Guide from the Guide (h) menu.

mIf the hard disk is internal, shut down your computer, wait at least 10

seconds, and then turn it on again.

mIf the hard disk is external, make sure that it is turned on and that its cable

is connected firmly; then restart the Macintosh.

mCheck the ID numbers of all SCSI equipment connected to your computer.

See the manuals that came with your SCSI equipment for information on

setting SCSI ID numbers.

mIf the hard disk is your startup disk, start your computer with the Macintosh

Performa CD. (For instructions on how to start up your computer from the

CD-ROM disc, see the Macintosh Performa CD booklet.) Then follow the

rest of the instructions on repairing a disk to test your startup hard disk and

repair any damage.

If repairing the disk doesn’t help, follow the instructions in “Installing or

Reinstalling System Software” later in this chapter to reinstall system

software on your startup hard disk.

Icons do not appear correctly on your screen.

You need to rebuild the desktop—a process that helps your Macintosh keep

track of files and folders on your hard disks. For instructions, see “Rebuild

Your Desktop Regularly” in the section “If You Have Trouble” earlier in this

chapter.

If icons do not appear correctly after you rebuild the desktop, restart your

computer while pressing the Shift key to temporarily turn off system

extensions. When you see the “Welcome to Macintosh—extensions off”

message, release the Shift key and press the Option and xkeys until you see

a message asking if you want to rebuild the desktop.

56 Chapter 6

Your Macintosh can’t read a floppy disk.

If you see a message that a floppy disk is unreadable, try one of the following:

mIf the disk has never been used, you may simply need to initialize it. For

instructions, see the “Disks” topic of Macintosh Guide, available in the

Guide (h) menu.

mThe disk may be damaged. See “Repairing a Damaged Disk” later in this

chapter for information on testing and repairing disks.

mIf the disk is a high-density disk previously used on another computer, the

disk may have been formatted incorrectly as an 800K disk rather than as a

1440K (high-density) disk. If so, use the other computer to copy the disk’s

contents onto a properly formatted disk.

mThe disk may have been formatted for use on another kind of computer.

You may be able to use a program that lets you work with such disks on

your Macintosh.

If you are trying unsuccessfully to use a DOS floppy disk, consider the

following:

mWhen formatting floppy disks on a DOS computer for use in a Macintosh,

you need to format standard double-sided disks as 720K disks and high-

density disks as 1440K disks. Double-sided disks formatted in 1440K

format and high-density disks formatted in 720K format may not work in a

Macintosh.

If you think your DOS floppy disk might have a format that doesn’t work

in a Macintosh, use a DOS computer to copy the contents of the disk onto

a properly formatted disk.

57

Troubleshooting

You can’t start an application program or it quits unexpectedly. Or, when you try to open

a program, you see a message that not enough memory is available.

One of the following is probably the cause:

mThe Macintosh ran out of memory.

Quit the programs that you have open and then open the program you want

to use, or restart your Macintosh.

Use the Memory control panel to turn on virtual memory. For more

information on virtual memory, see the “Memory” topic of Macintosh

Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu.

mThe program needs more memory.

Use the program’s Info window to give it more memory. For more

information on increasing a program’s memory, see the “Memory” topic of

Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu.

mThe program is incompatible with your Macintosh.

Contact the program’s publisher to see if there is an upgrade available for

the program.

You see a message that you need to have an FPU installed.

Your computer has a floating-point unit (FPU) installed. If you see this

message, the program is probably incompatible with your Macintosh. Contact

the program’s publisher to see if there is an upgrade available for the program.

58 Chapter 6

A dialog box with a bomb appears.

There is a software problem.

mWrite down what you were doing when the message appeared, and write

down the text of the message.

mRestart your Macintosh. (See “Start Over” in the section “If You Have

Trouble” earlier in this chapter for instructions.) Most software problems

are temporary, and restarting usually corrects the problem.

mIf the problem recurs, check the startup disk and application program you

were using when the dialog box appeared. Make sure that all programs,

desk accessories, and system extensions you’re using are compatible with

the system software. Reinstalling the system software may correct the

problem.

mSometimes incompatible system extensions or control panels can cause

system software problems. Restart while holding down the Shift key; this

temporarily turns off all system extensions. If your computer works

normally after you do this, use the Extensions Manager control panel to

turn on extensions and control panels one at a time. Restart after you turn

on each extension. This procedure should identify incompatible extensions

and control panels.

For information on using the Extensions Manager control panel to manage

system extensions, see the “Setting Options” topic of Macintosh Guide,

available in the Guide (h) menu.

mIf the problem recurs, you may need to reinstall system software. See the

Macintosh Performa CD booklet for instructions.

59

Troubleshooting

The pointer (

8

) doesn’t move when you move the mouse.

One of the following situations is probably the cause.

mThere is a software problem. Try the following:

Press x-Option-Esc to quit the application program in use when the

problem occurred. If this works, you can save the documents open in other

programs before restarting.

Restart your Macintosh. See “Start Over” in the section “If You Have

Trouble” earlier in this chapter for instructions.

mFollow the suggestions in the previous section, “A Dialog Box With a Bomb

Appears.”

mThe mouse is not connected properly.

Turn the computer off using the standby power button, check that the

mouse and keyboard cables are connected properly, and then restart the

computer.

IMPORTANT

Do not connect or disconnect the mouse while the computer is

turned on. You may damage your computer.

mSignals from the mouse are not reaching the computer, either because the

mouse needs cleaning or because there is something wrong with the

mouse.

Clean the mouse according to the instructions in Appendix A of this book.

If you have another mouse or pointing device, try connecting and using it.

(Turn the computer off before connecting it.) If the new device works, there

is probably something wrong with the mouse you replaced.

If none of these procedures solves the problem, consult the service and

support information that came with your computer for instructions on how to

contact an Apple-authorized service provider or Apple for assistance.

60 Chapter 6

Typing on the keyboard produces nothing on the screen.

One of the following is probably the cause:

mSome system software features are turned on that affect the way the

keyboard works.

Use the Easy Access control panel to turn off Sticky Keys, Slow Keys, and

Mouse Keys.

mThere is a software problem.

Restart your Macintosh. For instructions, see “Start Over” in the section

“If You Have Trouble” earlier in this chapter.

Check the startup disk and application program you were using when the

problem occurred. Make sure that all programs, desk accessories, and

system extensions you’re using are compatible with the system software.

If the problem recurs, you may need to reinstall system software. See the

Macintosh Performa CD booklet for instructions.

mYou haven’t selected any text or set the insertion point (i).

Make sure the program you want to type in is the active program. Then

place the pointer (8)in the active window and click to set an insertion

point (i) or drag to select text (if you want to replace the text with your

typing).

mThe keyboard is not connected properly.

Turn off the computer using the standby power button, then check that the

keyboard cable is connected properly at both ends.

If you have a keyboard with an ADB port (marked with the ◊icon) on

each end, turn off the Macintosh using the standby power button and plug

the keyboard cable into the other ADB port on the keyboard. (You may

have to unplug the mouse to do this.) Then restart the computer.

Some monitors have one or two ADB ports. Turn off the Macintosh using

the standby power button and connect your keyboard cable to a different

ADB port on the computer or monitor. Then restart the computer.

61

Troubleshooting

mThe keyboard is damaged.

If you have access to another keyboard, try using it instead. (Turn the

computer off before connecting it.) If the new keyboard works, there is

probably something wrong with the one you replaced.

If none of these procedures solves the problem, consult the service and

support information that came with your computer for instructions on how to

contact an Apple-authorized service provider or Apple for assistance.

You can’t open a document, or you see a message that an application program can’t

be found.

mSome documents can be opened by more than one application program.

Try starting a program that you think might be able to open the document,

then choose Open from the program’s File menu to try to open the

document.

mPurchase and install the correct software to use the document, or find out

if the creator of the document can convert it to a form that one of your

programs can use.

mDon’t try to open the files in your System Folder. Most of the files in your

System Folder are used by your computer for internal purposes and are not

intended to be opened.

mRebuild your desktop by holding down the Option and xkeys while

starting up your computer. Keep holding down the keys until you see a

message asking whether you want to rebuild the desktop. Click OK.

mIf the document is from a DOS computer, use the PC Exchange control

panel to specify which Macintosh program will open the document. For

information about working with DOS documents on your Macintosh, see

the “Using DOS Files & Disks” topic of Macintosh Guide, available in the

Guide (h) menu.

62 Chapter 6

You experience problems using a document from a DOS computer.

If you can’t open a DOS document using a Macintosh program, try the

following:

mOpen the document from within the program by choosing Open in the

program’s File menu.

mUse the PC Exchange control panel to specify which Macintosh program

will open the document.

If a DOS document is displayed incorrectly, or you see strange codes or

characters in the document, try one of the following:

mYour application program may have special procedures for opening and

saving documents with different file formats. See the information that

came with your program, or call the program’s publisher.

mTry opening the document in another program.

Note: Some characters that can be displayed on the Macintosh are not

accurately displayed on DOS computers.

For more information about working with DOS documents on your

Macintosh, see the “Using DOS Files & Disks” topic of Macintosh Guide,

available in the Guide (h) menu.

63

Troubleshooting

You see a message that your application program can’t be opened because a file can’t

be found.

Macintosh programs designed specifically for the PowerPC microprocessor

(also called “native” applications) use special files called shared libraries. Any

necessary shared libraries should be installed automatically when you install

these special Macintosh programs.

Follow the directions that came with your program to reinstall the program. If

the shared library is still missing, contact the software program’s manufacturer

for assistance.

You experience problems using an older Macintosh program.

Some older Macintosh programs are not completely compatible with

Macintosh computers that have the PowerPC microprocessor.

mContact the program’s publisher to see if an upgrade is available.

mOpen the Memory control panel and turn off Modern Memory Manager.

For more detailed instructions, see the “Working with Programs” topic of

Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu.

64 Chapter 6

Solutions to CD-ROM problems

Problems using the CD-ROM drive

The CD-ROM disc icon does not appear on screen.

mIf you have other SCSI devices attached to your computer, make sure that

each device has a unique SCSI ID number (your CD-ROM drive has SCSI

ID 3). Refer to the documentation that came with your SCSI devices if you

need to reset SCSI ID numbers.

Your computer starts up and you see large folder-shaped areas, containing labeled

pictorial buttons, instead of the usual Macintosh desktop.

mYour computer may have started up from a CD-ROM disc containing At

Ease, an alternative to the Macintosh desktop. You need to have the

Macintosh desktop on your screen before you can use any of the

installation instructions in this manual.

To return to the Macintosh desktop, choose Shut Down from the Special

menu. When your computer is off, press the Open/Close button of your

CD-ROM drive to open the tray, then remove the CD-ROM disc. Close the

tray. Then start up your computer again.

To avoid having the computer start up from a CD-ROM disc, remember to

remove any disc in the drive before you shut down your computer.

The tray of your CD-ROM drive won’t open.

If a CD-ROM disc icon appears on your screen:

mDrag the disc icon to the Trash, or select it and choose Put Away from the

File menu. If the AppleCD Audio Player is active, choose Eject CD from

the File menu.

If you see a message that a disc can’t be put away because it is being

shared, turn off file sharing, then try again to put away the disc.

If no CD-ROM disc icon appears on your screen:

mPress the Open/Close button for your CD-ROM drive.

65

Troubleshooting

mThe signal to open the tray may not be reaching the computer. Turn off

your computer and locate the small pinhole to the lower right of the

CD-ROM tray opening. Insert the end of a large straightened paper clip

firmly and horizontally into the pinhole. Push gently until the tray is

released, then carefully pull the tray open. Do not force the tray open; wait

until the paper clip has dislodged it or you may break the front of the tray.

If neither of these suggestions works, your CD-ROM drive may be damaged.

Contact an Apple-authorized service provider or Apple for further assistance.

Your computer won’t restart, and a CD-ROM disc is in the CD-ROM drive.

mYour computer may be trying to start up from the CD-ROM disc. Press the

Open/Close button of your CD-ROM drive to open the tray, and remove

the CD-ROM disc. Close the tray, then restart your computer.

Problems with CD-ROM discs

You insert a CD-ROM disc, but its icon doesn’t appear on the Macintosh desktop.

mMake sure that the disc label is facing up and the disc is centered in the

tray. If you’re using a small (8 cm) disc, make sure it is within the tray’s

inner ring.

mMake sure the tray is closed all the way.

mTry restarting your computer.

WARNING

Turn off your computer before you attempt to eject the tray

using a paper clip. If you don’t, you may damage the CD-ROM drive.

66 Chapter 6

Your computer displays the message “This is not a Macintosh disk: Do you want to

initialize it?” when you insert a CD-ROM disc in the CD-ROM drive.

mThe disc may use a format that the Macintosh cannot recognize.

Your computer ejects a CD-ROM disc without giving you any error message.

mMake sure the disc is flat in the tray and the disc label is facing up. If

you’re using a small (8 cm) disc, make sure it’s centered within the tray’s

inner ring.

mThe disc may need to be cleaned. (See “Handling CD-ROM Discs” in

Appendix A.) If there are visible scratches on the shiny side of the disc,

you may be able to remove them with a CD polishing kit (available from

your audio CD dealer). If the scratches can’t be removed, you’ll need to

replace the disc.

mThe disc may be damaged. Try another disc in the drive, and try the

original disc in another drive. If the original drive reads other discs or if

the original disc also doesn’t work in another drive, the disc is probably

damaged. You’ll need to replace the disc.

You can’t open a document on a CD-ROM disc.

mTry opening the application program first; then open the document.

mRead the manual that came with your CD-ROM disc. Some discs come

with software that you need to install on your computer before using

the disc.

You can’t save changes you make to information on a CD-ROM disc.

mCD-ROM is a read-only medium. This means that information can be read

(retrieved) from it, but not written (stored) on it. You can save the changed

information on a hard disk or floppy disk.

Problems using ISO 9660 or High Sierra discs

You cannot access files on a CD-ROM disc that uses the ISO 9660 or High Sierra format.

mDiscs in the ISO 9660 and High Sierra disc formats have version numbers

attached to file names. Some application programs need these version

numbers in order to work with files. To make the version numbers

available to programs on your computer, follow these instructions.

67

Troubleshooting

Drag the CD icon to the Trash. When the tray opens, hold down the Option

key and push the tray back in. Continue to hold down the Option key until

the disc is in the drive. The program you are using should now be able to

locate file names on that CD-ROM disc.

Problems playing audio CDs

You don’t hear any sound when you play an audio CD or an audio track on a CD-ROM

disc using the AppleCD Audio Player.

mIf you have headphones or speakers connected to the computer, adjust the

connector to make sure they are firmly connected. Make sure the column

control on your headphones or speakers is not turned down too low.

mIf you do not have headphones or speakers connected to the computer,

make sure that nothing else is plugged into the sound output port on your

computer.

mSome programs change the sound options to suit their needs. You may need

to reset the sound options in the Sound control panel. Refer to the “Sound”

topic of Macintosh Guide available in the Guide (h) menu.

mIf you are using a CD-ROM disc over a network, you won’t be able to hear

the audio portion.

mMake sure the volume is turned up in the AppleCD Audio Player. With the

Audio Player open, drag the volume control slider up or press the Up

Arrow key on your keyboard.

mThe CD may have been paused. Click the Play/Pause button in the

AppleCD Audio Player once or twice.

While playing an audio track on a CD-ROM disc that combines audio tracks and data,

you double-click the disc icon and the audio track stops playing.

mYou can’t open data files on a CD-ROM disc and listen to audio tracks on

that disc at the same time.

You are unable to record sound from an audio CD.

mCheck your computer’s sound input port to see if a microphone or other

device is connected.

mYou may need to reset the sound options in the Sound control panel. Refer

to the “Sound” topic of Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide (h)

menu.

68 Chapter 6

Problems using Photo CDs

Your CD-ROM drive will not open Photo CDs.

mReinstall the CD-ROM and QuickTime software (available through the

“MultiMedia Software” option in Custom Install).

Your computer does not display color icons for individual images on a Photo CD.

mYour computer may be low on memory. To view color icons, restart your

computer and then reopen the Photos folder. See the “Memory” topic of

Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu for more information

on managing memory.

After you open an image on a Photo CD, the image is scrambled, colors are displayed

incorrectly, or no image appears in the window.

mThe program you are using may not be designed to work with large (high-

resolution) image files. You can open the image with another program or

you can assign more memory to the program. (See the “Memory” topic of

Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu for more information

on managing memory.)

After you open an image on a Photo CD, your system is “frozen” and does not respond

to any input, or you have a “bomb” message on your screen.

mRestart your Macintosh. The program you are using may not be designed

to work with large (high-resolution) image files. You can open the image

with another program or you can assign more memory to the program

(see the “Memory” topic of Macintosh Guide available in the Guide (h)

menu, for more information on managing memory.)

69

Troubleshooting

If your computer’s performance decreases

If you notice a decrease in your computer’s speed and general performance

after you add special software (a control panel, system extension, or custom

utility), it may be because the software does not work well with Macintosh

computers built with the PowerPC microprocessor.

mTo find out if the new software is the problem, hold down the Shift key

while you restart the computer. This temporarily turns off control panels

and extensions. If the computer performs better without this software, one

of these items is likely to be the problem.

mUse the Extensions Manager control panel to turn off a system extension or

set of extensions. For detailed instructions, see the “Setting Options” topic

of Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu. If the computer

performs better when an extension is turned off, contact the extension’s

manufacturer for information or an upgrade.

mUse the Memory control panel to turn off virtual memory. For more

information on virtual memory, see the “Memory” topic of Macintosh

Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu.

mIf you use several application programs at the same time, your computer’s

performance will increase if you install more RAM (random-access

memory). See “Expanding Memory” in Chapter 3.

If you still do not notice an improvement, you may want to reinstall system

software on your startup hard disk. See the Macintosh Performa CD booklet for

instructions.

70 Chapter 6

Repairing a damaged disk

If you see a message reporting that a disk is damaged or unreadable, you may

need to repair the disk.

Try these suggestions first

If you can’t start up from a hard disk or you don’t see the hard disk icon on the

desktop, try the following:

mIf the hard disk is internal, shut down your Macintosh, wait at least 10

seconds, and then turn it on again.

mIf the hard disk is external, make sure that it is turned on and that its cable

is connected firmly; then restart the Macintosh.

mIf the hard disk is your startup disk, start up with a different startup disk.

(See the following section, “Starting Up From a CD-ROM Disc.”)

If, after you start up from a different disk, your hard disk’s icon appears on

your desktop, reinstall system software on the hard disk. (See “Installing or

Reinstalling System Software” later in this chapter).

mCheck the ID numbers of all SCSI equipment connected to your computer.

Each device must have a unique ID number. The computer itself has the

ID number 7 and the internal CD-ROM drive has the ID number 3. The ID

numbers 0, 1, 2, 4, 5, and 6 are available for additional SCSI devices.

Also check that the chain of devices is terminated properly. For

information on setting SCSI ID numbers and terminating a SCSI chain,

see the manuals that came with your SCSI equipment.

mIf none of these suggestions solves the problem, test the disk by following

the instructions given later in this section.

71

Troubleshooting

Starting up from a CD-ROM disc

To test, repair, or initialize a hard disk, or to install system software on a hard

disk, you need to start up your computer from another disk. You can start up

your computer using the Macintosh Performa CD that came with your

computer.

The procedure for starting up from the CD varies depending on the condition

of the system software on your hard disk. To find out which procedure to use,

you must turn on your Macintosh.

The steps that follow tell how to start up from a CD-ROM disc, depending on

what you see on your screen.

If you see a blinking question mark on your screen

The blinking question mark means that your Macintosh is unable to find

usable system software on your hard disk.

1 Press the Open/Close button of your CD-ROM drive to open the CD-ROM tray.

2 Place the

Macintosh Performa CD

disc in the tray with the disc label facing up.

Make sure the disc is lying flat in the tray.

3 Push the tray in, or press the Open/Close button, to close the tray.

Your Macintosh recognizes the CD as a startup disk, and in a few seconds the

Macintosh desktop with a Launcher appears.

72 Chapter 6

If you see the Macintosh desktop

1 Press the Open/Close button of your CD-ROM drive to open the CD-ROM tray.

2 Place the

Macintosh Performa CD

disc in the tray with the disc label facing up.

Make sure the disc is lying flat in the tray.

3 Push the tray in, or press the Open/Close button, to close the tray.

If the Macintosh Performa CD icon does not appear on your screen, follow

the steps in the next section, “Problems Starting Up From the CD?”

If the Macintosh Performa CD icon appears on the right side of your screen,

continue with these steps.

4 Choose Control Panels from the Apple (

K

) menu.

5 Double-click the Startup Disk icon.

The Startup Disk control panel window appears.

6 Click the CD icon to select it as your startup disk.

7 Choose Restart from the Special menu.

Your computer recognizes the CD as its startup disk, and in a few seconds the

Macintosh desktop with a Launcher appears.

73

Troubleshooting

Problems starting up from the CD?

If you’ve followed the steps in the previous sections and the Macintosh

Performa CD icon does not appear on your screen, follow these steps:

1 Insert the CD into the tray.

2 Choose Restart from the Special menu.

3 Immediately press and hold down the Command (

x

), Shift, Option, and Delete keys.

The computer bypasses the internal hard disk, and the Macintosh Performa

CD icon appears on the desktop.

If the Macintosh Performa CD icon still does not appear on the desktop,

continue with these steps:

4 Choose Control Panels from the Apple (

K

) menu.

5 Double-click the Startup Disk icon.

The Startup Disk control panel appears.

6 Click the CD icon to select it as your startup disk.

7 Close the Startup Disk control panel.

8 Choose Restart from the Special menu (or the Apple menu).

The computer starts up using the CD, and in a few moments the Macintosh

desktop with a Launcher appears.

74 Chapter 6

Checking for damage on your hard disk

You can test a hard disk for damage with the Drive Setup program, which is

on the Macintosh Performa CD that came with your computer.

1 Start up your computer from the

Macintosh Performa CD

.

See “Starting Up From a CD-ROM Disc” earlier in this section.

2 Open the Drive Setup program.

You may need to look in a folder called Utilities to find Drive Setup.

3 In the list of drives, click the disk you want to test.

4 Choose Test Disk from the Functions menu.

5 When a message tells you that the testing is complete, click Quit.

If the test reveals a problem, you may be able to correct it by using Disk First

Aid or another disk repair program (see the instructions in the next section),

or you may need to reinitialize the disk (see “Initializing a Hard Disk” later in

this chapter). Consult an Apple-authorized service provider for assistance if

necessary. If you had a hard disk from another manufacturer installed after

you bought your computer, use the software that came with the disk or contact

the disk vendor to get the latest version of software.

75

Troubleshooting

How to repair a hard disk or floppy disk

You can repair some types of disk damage by using the Disk First Aid

program, which is on the Macintosh Performa CD that came with your

computer.

1 Start up your computer from the

Macintosh Performa CD

.

See “Starting Up From a CD-ROM Disc” earlier in this section.

2 Open the Disk First Aid icon.

3 Click the icon of the disk you want to test.

Disk icons appear in a box at the top of the Disk First Aid window.

76 Chapter 6

4 Click Repair to begin testing and repairing the disk.

If you want to test and repair another disk, click its icon and then click Repair.

5 When testing and repair are done, choose Quit from the File menu.

If Disk First Aid cannot correct the problem

mTry repairing the disk again. Sometimes repeating the process corrects the

problem.

mUse another disk repair or recovery program. Some disk repair programs

let you recover information from a damaged disk.

mConsult an Apple-authorized service provider for help.

mIf you can’t repair the disk, you’ll need to reinitialize it, which erases all the

information on it. Before you reinitialize, be sure you recover all the

information you can and back it up. Then erase (reinitialize) the disk. For

instructions on reinitializing a floppy disk, see the “Disks” topic of

Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu. For instructions on

reinitializing a hard disk, see the next section, “Initializing a Hard Disk.”

If initialization doesn’t work, discard the damaged disk (if it’s a floppy

disk), or take it to your Apple-authorized service provider for repair (if it’s

a hard disk). Bring the Macintosh Performa CD (which you received with

your computer) with you to the service provider.

Initializing a hard disk

The hard disk inside your computer was initialized (formatted for use) at the

factory, so you shouldn’t need to initialize it. You need to initialize a hard disk

only if

myou purchase an uninitialized hard disk from another manufacturer

myour hard disk is damaged

If a hard disk needs to be initialized, the disk’s icon does not appear on the

desktop when you start up the computer using another disk.

You initialize your internal hard disk using a program called Drive Setup,

which is on the Macintosh Performa CD that came with your computer.

77

Troubleshooting

1 Start up your computer from the

Macintosh Performa CD.

See “Starting Up From a CD-ROM Disc” in the section “Repairing a

Damaged Disk,” earlier in this chapter.

2 Open the Drive Setup program.

You may need to look in a folder called Utilities to find Drive Setup.

3 In the list of drives, click the disk you want to initialize.

4 Click Initialize to initialize the hard disk.

5 When you see a message reporting that initialization was successful, click Quit.

If a message reports that initialization failed, try again. If initialization fails a

second time, take the disk to your Apple-authorized service provider for repair.

WARNING

Initializing a disk erases any information that may be on it.

Before you initialize a damaged disk, try to repair it as described in

“Repairing a Damaged Disk” earlier in this chapter.

78 Chapter 6

Click the drive you

want to initialize...

...then click Initialize.

Installing or reinstalling system software

System software is the set of programs and other files that your computer uses

to start itself up, keep track of your files, and run the application programs

you use. System software is kept in the System Folder. When you turn on your

computer, it looks for a startup disk, which is a disk that contains the system

software. The startup disk is usually the hard disk that’s inside your computer,

though another hard disk or a floppy disk can also be a startup disk.

When should you install or reinstall system software?

Your Macintosh came with all the necessary system software installed on its

internal hard disk, so you don’t need to install system software on that disk

unless you encounter software problems.

If you have a new hard disk or a newly initialized hard disk that doesn’t

contain system software, or if you want to upgrade to a more recent version of

system software on a hard disk, you’ll need to install system software. You can

install or reinstall system software by following the instructions in the

Macintosh Performa CD booklet that came with your computer.

If your hard disk already has system software installed on it but there is a

problem with the disk or the software, you may see this icon in the middle of

the screen:

If this icon appears, first try testing your startup hard disk and repairing any

damage. To do this, follow the instructions in “Repairing a Damaged Disk”

earlier in this chapter. If repairing the disk doesn’t help, you may need to

reinstall system software. You can install or reinstall system software by

following the instructions in the Macintosh Performa CD booklet that came

with your computer.

If you’ve used Apple Backup to back up the contents of your hard disk, you

can use Apple Restore to reinstall system software. See “Restoring the

Information on Your Hard Disk” in the section “Protecting the Information on

a Disk” in Chapter 4.

79

Troubleshooting

81

For your own safety and that of your equipment, follow all the instructions in

this chapter. Keep these instructions available for reference by you and others.

Health-related information about computer use

Muscle soreness, eye fatigue, and other discomforts and injuries sometimes

associated with using computers can occur from performing any number of

activities. In fact, misuse of the same muscles during multiple activities can

create a problem that might not otherwise exist. For example, if you engage in

nonwork activities that involve repetitive stress on the wrist—such as

bicycling—and also use your computer’s keyboard improperly, you may

increase your likelihood of developing wrist problems. Some individuals are

at greater risk of developing these problems because of their health,

physiology, lifestyle, and general exposure to stress. Work organization and

conditions, such as workstation setup and lighting, also play a part in your

overall health and comfort. Preventing health problems is a multifaceted task

that requires careful attention to the way you use your body every hour of

every day.

The most common health effects associated with using a computer are

musculoskeletal discomfort and eye fatigue. We’ll discuss each area of

concern below.

Appendix A

Health, Safety, and Maintenance Tips

Read this appendix for important

health and safety instructions,

as well as tips on keeping your

computer in good working order.

Musculoskeletal discomfort

As with any activity that involves sitting for long periods of time, using a

computer can make your muscles sore and stiff. To minimize these effects, set

up your work environment carefully, using the guidelines that follow, and take

frequent breaks to rest tired muscles. To make working with your computer

more comfortable, allow enough space in your work area so that you can

change position frequently and maintain a relaxed posture.

Another type of musculoskeletal concern is repetitive stress injuries (RSIs),

also known as cumulative trauma disorders (CTDs). These problems can

occur when a certain muscle or tendon is repeatedly overused and forced into

an unnatural position. The exact causes of RSIs are not totally understood, but

in addition to awkward posture, such factors as the amount of repetition, the

force used in the activity, the individual’s physiology, workplace stress level,

and lifestyle may affect the likelihood of experiencing an RSI.

RSIs did not suddenly arise when computers were invented; tennis elbow and

writer’s cramp, for example, are two RSIs that have been with us for a long

time. Although less common than other RSIs, one serious RSI discussed more

often today is a wrist problem called carpal tunnel syndrome, which may be

aggravated by improper use of computer keyboards. This nerve disorder

results from excessive pressure on the median nerve as it passes through the

wrist to the hand.

This section offers advice on setting up your work area to enhance your

comfort while you use your computer. Since the effects of repetitive

movements associated with using a computer can be compounded by those of

other work and leisure activities to produce or aggravate physical problems,

proper use of your computer system must be considered as just one element

of a healthy lifestyle.

No one, of course, can guarantee that you won’t have problems even when you

follow the most expert advice on using computer equipment. You should

always check with a qualified health specialist if muscle, joint, or eye

problems occur.

82 Appendix A

Eye fatigue

Eye fatigue can occur whenever the eyes are focused on a nearby object for a

long time. This problem occurs because the eye muscles must work harder to

view an object that’s closer than about 20 feet (6 meters). Improper lighting

can hasten the development of eye fatigue. Although eye fatigue is annoying,

there’s no evidence that it leads to permanent damage.

Whenever you’re engaged in an activity that involves close-up work—such as

reading a magazine, doing craft work, or using a computer—be sure to have

sufficient glare-free lighting and give your eyes frequent rest breaks by

looking up and focusing on distant objects. Remember to have your eyes

examined regularly.

To prevent discomfort and eye fatigue:

mArrange your workspace so that the furniture is properly adjusted for you

and doesn’t contribute to an awkward working posture.

mTake frequent short breaks to give your muscles and eyes a chance to rest.

Arranging your office

Here are some guidelines for adjusting the furniture in your office to

accommodate your physical size and shape.

mAn adjustable chair that provides firm, comfortable support is best. Adjust

the height of the chair so your thighs are horizontal and your feet flat on

the floor.

The back of the chair should support your lower back (lumbar region).

Follow the manufacturer’s instructions for adjusting the backrest to fit your

body properly.

mWhen you use the computer keyboard, your shoulders should be relaxed.

Your upper arm and forearm should form an approximate right angle, with

your wrist and hand in roughly a straight line.

83

Health, Safety, and Maintenance Tips

You may have to raise your chair so your forearms and hands are at the

proper angle to the keyboard. If this makes it impossible to rest your feet

flat on the floor, you can use a footrest with adjustable height and tilt to

make up for any gap between the floor and your feet. Or you may lower

the desktop to eliminate the need for a footrest. Another option is to use a

desk with a keyboard tray that’s lower than the regular work surface.

mPosition the mouse at the same height as your keyboard. Allow adequate

space to use the mouse comfortably.

mArrange the monitor so the top of the screen is slightly below your eye

level when you’re sitting at the keyboard. The best distance from your eyes

to the screen is up to you, although most people seem to prefer 18 to 28

inches (45 to 70 cm).

mPosition the monitor to minimize glare and reflections on the screen from

overhead lights and windows. You may want to use a tiltable monitor

stand. The stand lets you set the monitor at the best angle for viewing,

helping to reduce or eliminate glare from lighting sources you can’t move.

Thighs horizontal

Shoulders relaxed

Screen positioned to avoid

reflected glare

Forearms and hands

in a straight line

Forearms level

or tilted up slightly

Lower back supported

Feet flat on the floor

Top of the screen at or slightly

below eye level (You may need

to adjust the height of your

monitor by placing something

under it or by raising your

work surface.)

Clearance under work surface

45–70 cm (18–28 in.)



84 Appendix A

Avoiding fatigue

mChange your seated position, stand up, or stretch whenever you start to feel

tired. Frequent short breaks are helpful in reducing fatigue.

mUse a light touch when typing or using a mouse and keep your hands and

fingers relaxed.

mSome computer users may develop discomfort in their hands, wrists, or

arms after intensive work without breaks. If you begin to develop chronic

pain or discomfort in your hands, wrists, or arms, consult a qualified

health specialist.

mAllow adequate work space so that you can use your keyboard and mouse

comfortably. Place papers or other items so you can view them easily while

using your computer. A document stand may make reading papers more

comfortable.

mEye muscles must work harder to focus on nearby objects. Occasionally

focus your eyes on a distant object, and blink often while you work.

mClean your screen regularly. Keeping the screen clean helps reduce

unwanted reflections.

What about electromagnetic emissions?

There has been recent public discussion of the possible health effects of

prolonged exposure to extremely low frequency (ELF) and very low

frequency (VLF) electromagnetic fields. Such fields are associated with

electromagnetic sources such as television sets, electrical wiring, and some

household appliances—as well as computer monitors.

Apple has reviewed scientific reports and sought the counsel of government

regulatory agencies and respected health organizations. Based on the

prevailing evidence and opinions, Apple believes that the electric and

magnetic fields produced by computer monitors do not pose a health risk.

In response to those customers who wish to reduce their exposure to

electromagnetic fields, Apple has lowered the emission levels of our products.

We are also actively encouraging further scientific research so we can

continue to promote the health and safety of our customers and employees.

85

Health, Safety, and Maintenance Tips

Safety instructions

For your own safety and that of your equipment, always take the following

precautions.

Turn off the computer completely and disconnect the power plug (by pulling

the plug, not the cord) if any of the following conditions exists:

mthe power cord or plug becomes frayed or otherwise damaged

myou spill something into the case

myour Macintosh is exposed to rain or any other excess moisture

myour Macintosh has been dropped or the case has been otherwise damaged

myou suspect that your Macintosh needs service or repair

myou want to clean the case (use only the recommended procedure

described later in this chapter)

Be sure that you always do the following:

mKeep your Macintosh away from sources of liquids, such as wash basins,

bathtubs, shower stalls, and so on.

mProtect your Macintosh from dampness or wet weather, such as rain, snow,

and so on.

mRead all the installation instructions carefully before you plug your

Macintosh into a wall socket.

mKeep these instructions handy for reference by you and others.

mFollow all instructions and warnings dealing with your system.

WARNING

Electrical equipment may be hazardous if misused. Operation

of this product, or similar products, must always be supervised by an

adult. Do not allow children access to the interior of any electrical

product and do not permit them to handle any cables.

86 Appendix A

Handling your computer equipment

Follow these guidelines for handling your computer and its components:

mWhen setting up your computer, place components on a sturdy, flat surface,

and carefully follow all setup instructions.

mWhen connecting or disconnecting a cable, always hold the cable by its

connector (the plug, not the cord).

mTurn off your computer and all its components before connecting or

disconnecting any cables to add or remove any component. Failure to do so

could seriously damage your equipment.

mNever force a connector into a port. If the connector and port do not join

with reasonable ease, they probably don’t match. Make sure that the

connector matches the port and that you have positioned the connector

correctly in relation to the port.

mTake care not to spill any food or liquid on the computer, keyboard, mouse,

or other components. If you do, turn your computer off immediately and

unplug it before cleaning up the spill. Depending on what you spilled and

how much of it got into your equipment, you may have to bring your

equipment to an Apple-authorized service provider.

mProtect the computer and its components from direct sunlight and rain or

other moisture.

mKeep all ventilation openings clear and unobstructed. Without proper air

circulation, components can overheat, causing damage or unreliable

operation.

WARNING

This equipment is intended to be electrically grounded. Your

Macintosh is equipped with a three-wire grounding plug—a plug that

has a third (grounding) pin. This plug will fit only a grounded AC

outlet. This is a safety feature. If you are unable to insert the plug into

the outlet, contact a licensed electrician to replace the outlet with a

properly grounded outlet. Do not defeat the purpose of the grounding

plug!

87

Health, Safety, and Maintenance Tips

Handling the monitor

Follow these procedures for handling a monitor:

mTurn down the screen brightness control if you leave the computer turned

on for extended periods. If the brightness is not turned down, the image on

the screen could “burn in” and damage the screen.

You can also use a “screen saver” program, which dims or varies the image

on the screen when the computer has been idle for a specified period of

time. These programs are available from independent suppliers and user

groups.

mMake sure that the ventilation openings on the computer and the monitor

are clear and unobstructed.

mSome large monitors cannot safely be placed on top of the computer.

Check the instructions that came with the monitor for setup information.

mIf there is interference on the monitor’s screen or on a television or radio

near your computer, move the affected equipment farther away.

Handling the keyboard

Take care not to spill any liquid on the keyboard. If you do, turn off your

computer immediately.

mIf you spill liquid that is thin and clear, unplug the keyboard, turn it upside

down to let the liquid drain out, and let it dry for 24 hours at room

temperature. If, after you take these steps, the keyboard doesn’t work, take

it to an Apple-authorized service provider for repair.

mIf you spill liquid that is greasy, sweet, or sticky, unplug the keyboard and

take it to an Apple-authorized service provider for repair.

88 Appendix A

Handling floppy disks

Handling CD-ROM discs

Keep these important safety instructions in mind as you use CD-ROM discs:

mHold a disc by the edges or by one edge and the center hole. Do not touch

the disc surface.

mTo clean discs, wipe the shiny surface with a soft damp cloth, working in

straight lines from center to edge. Do not use any form of cleaning agent.

125

°

F (52

°

C)

50

°

F (10

°

C)



Keep disks dry.

Do not use a

pencil or an 

eraser on a disk

or disk label.



Store disks at

temperatures

between 50

°

F

and 125

°

F.

Do not touch the

exposed part of the

disk behind the 

metal shutter.

Keep disks away 

from magnets. Avoid exposing

disks to extremely

hot temperatures.

89

Health, Safety, and Maintenance Tips

mTo avoid damage to your discs, keep these points in mind:

Other important safety instructions to keep in mind as you use your

CD-ROM player:

mPosition your computer so that when the tray opens, it doesn’t bump

into anything.

mDo not leave the disc tray open. If dust gets on the lens of the CD-ROM

drive, the drive may have problems reading your compact discs.

mDo not put anything (for instance, a cup) on top of the tray when it is open.

mDo not force the tray open by hand.

mDo not wipe the lens with a paper towel or other abrasive surface. If you

need to clean the lens, see an Apple-authorized service provider for a lens

cleaner.

mNever transport your computer with a disc inside the CD-ROM drive.

mKeep your computer equipment away from any source of liquid (such as

wash basins, bathtubs, and shower stalls). If you drink coffee or other

beverages while you’re at your computer, take care not to spill.

mAvoid exposing your equipment to damp or wet weather. If your system is

near a window, be sure the window is closed in rainy weather.

Do not put tape

on discs.

Do not scratch

discs.

Do not write on

discs.

Do not spill liquids

on discs.

Do not get

dust on discs.

Do not expose discs

to direct sunlight.

90 Appendix A

The tray on your CD-ROM drive automatically closes when you shut down

your computer. You may want to open the tray and take out your CD-ROM

disc before shutting down.

Ejecting a disk

For instructions on ejecting a floppy disk, a CD-ROM disc, or a removable

media disk, see the “Disks” topic of Macintosh Guide, available in the

Guide (h) menu.

If you can’t eject a floppy disk

If you can’t eject a floppy disk in the usual way, try the following in order:

mHold down the xand Shift keys and press the number 1 key on your

keyboard to eject a disk in the internal disk drive.

mTurn off the computer. If the disk isn’t ejected, then hold down the button

on your mouse or other pointing device while you turn the computer on

again.

mLocate the small hole near the disk drive’s opening, and carefully insert the

end of a large straightened paper clip into it. Push gently until the disk is

ejected. Do not use excessive force.

If nothing works, take the computer or disk drive to your Apple-authorized

service provider to have the disk removed.

91

Health, Safety, and Maintenance Tips

Power supply

The power supply in your computer is a high-voltage component and should

not be opened for any reason, even when the computer is off. If the power

supply needs service, contact your Apple-authorized dealer or service

provider.

Cleaning your equipment

Follow these general rules when cleaning the outside of your computer and

its components:

mUse a damp, soft, lint-free cloth to clean the computer’s exterior. Avoid

getting moisture in any openings.

mDon’t use aerosol sprays, solvents, or abrasives.

Cleaning the computer case

To clean the case, do the following:

1 Turn off the computer completely and then disconnect the power plug. (Pull the plug, not

the cord.)

2 Wipe the surfaces lightly with a clean, soft cloth dampened with water.

Cleaning the monitor

To clean the screen, put household glass cleaner on a soft cloth and wipe the

screen. Don’t spray the cleaner directly on the screen, because the liquid

might drip into the monitor or computer.

Cleaning the mouse

The mouse contains a small ball that must roll smoothly for the mouse to

work properly. You can keep this ball free of dirt and grease by using the

mouse on a clean, lint-free surface and cleaning it occasionally.

You need a few cotton swabs and a clean, soft, lint-free cloth.

1 Turn off your computer.

92 Appendix A

2 Turn the mouse upside-down and turn the plastic ring on the bottom counterclockwise

to disengage it.

On some mouse devices, you may need to press the plastic ring (rather than

turn it) to disengage it.

If you cannot disengage the ring, the mouse may be locked. See the next

section, “Locking and Unlocking the Mouse.”

3 Turn the mouse right-side up with one hand and catch the ring and the ball with your

other hand.

4 Clean the three small rollers inside the mouse with a cotton swab moistened with water.

Rotate the rollers to clean all around them.

5 Wipe the mouse ball with a clean, soft, dry, and lint-free cloth.

6 If necessary, wash the mouse ball with warm soapy water (use a mild soap such as a

dishwashing liquid) and then dry the mouse ball thoroughly.

7 Gently blow into the mouse case to remove any dust that has collected there.

8 Put the ball and the ring back in place.

Your mouse should roll smoothly across your mouse pad or desk. If it doesn’t,

repeat these instructions carefully.

93

Health, Safety, and Maintenance Tips

Locking and unlocking the mouse

Some mouse devices can be locked so that the ball can’t be removed. A

locking mouse has a small hole on the plastic ring.

To lock the mouse, follow these steps:

1 Insert a straightened paper clip into the hole on the plastic ring.

2 Press down on the paper clip while you turn the ring clockwise.

Turn the ring a very short distance, until it stops. When the recessed area on

the ring is not lined up with the recessed area surrounding the ring, the mouse

is locked.

The mouse ring is locked when the recessed area on the ring

does not line up with the recessed area surrounding the ring.

Recessed area on ring

Recessed area surrounding ring

Insert a straightened paper clip into this hole.

(The hole may be located here on your mouse.)

94 Appendix A

To unlock the mouse, follow these steps:

1 Insert a straightened paper clip into the hole on the plastic ring.

2 Press down on the paper clip while you turn the ring counterclockwise.

Turn the ring a very short distance. When the recessed area on the ring is

lined up with the recessed area surrounding the ring, the mouse is unlocked.

The mouse ring is unlocked when the recessed area on the

ring lines up with the recessed area surrounding the ring.

Recessed area on ring

Recessed area surrounding ring

Insert a straightened paper clip into this hole.

(The hole may be located here on your mouse.)

95

Health, Safety, and Maintenance Tips

Expansion cards are printed circuit boards that can be installed in your

computer to give it special features, such as enhanced video capabilities,

networking and communications, and additional processing power. Your

Macintosh has three slots available for the following kinds of expansion

cards:

man LC-PDS (processor-direct) slot for most cards

ma communications slot for an internal modem or Ethernet card

ma video-in slot for a card that brings signals into the computer from a

videocassette recorder (VCR), laserdisc player, video camera, or similar

device

You can also install a TV tuner card that allows you to watch TV on your

Macintosh.

Video-in slot

LC-processor-direct slot (LC-PDS)

Communication slot

(You may have a communication

card—such as an internal modem—

installed in this slot.)

Vertical plate

97

Appendix B

Installing an Expansion Card

Read this appendix for

instructions on installing an

expansion card in your computer.

This appendix contains instructions for installing an LC-PDS card or a

communication card. To install a video input card or a TV tuner card, follow

the instructions that come with the card.

Installing an expansion card involves three steps:

mopening the computer

minserting the card into a specific slot

mclosing the computer

WARNING

To avoid damaging your computer and expansion card, do not

attempt to install any expansion card without first checking the

documentation for that card. If the documentation specifies that an

Apple-certified technician must install the card (usually because

the installation requires special training or tools), consult the service

and support information that came with your computer for instructions

on how to contact an Apple-authorized service provider or Apple for

assistance. If you attempt to install the card yourself, any damage you

may cause to the computer or card will not be covered by the limited

warranty on your computer. If the card is not an Apple-labeled product,

check with an Apple-authorized dealer or service provider to see if you

can install it yourself.

98 Appendix B

Opening the computer

1 Shut down your computer by choosing Shut Down from the Special menu.

You can also press the Power key on the keyboard.

2 Unplug all the cables except the power cord from your computer.

Leaving the power cord plugged in helps protect the computer from

electrostatic discharge.

IMPORTANT

To avoid generating static electricity that may damage

components, do not walk around the room until you have completed the

installation of the expansion card and closed the computer. Additionally, move

the logic board as little as possible while it is outside the computer case.

3 Place your thumbs on the two tabs at the top of the computer’s back panel, and press

down.

4 Pulling gently, swing the panel down, and slip it out.

Remove the back panel.

99

Installing an Expansion Card

5 If there are security screws on the vertical plate on the back of the computer, remove

them with a screwdriver.

6 Unplug the power cord from your computer.

7 Swing the handle out from its storage position. Then grasp the handle and gently but

firmly pull it toward you.

The vertical plate and the logic board to which it’s attached slide all the way

out of the computer. Carefully support the logic board as it comes out, and

put it on a clean, flat, stable surface.

What you do next depends on the type of expansion card you want to install.

If there are security screws, remove both screws from the vertical plate.

100 Appendix B

Installing an LC-PDS card

1 If your LC-PDS card has ports for connecting equipment, remove the plastic access

cover from the vertical plate.

2 Remove the LC-PDS card from its static-proof bag.

Hold the card by its edges to avoid touching any connectors on the card.

3 Align the card over the LC-PDS slot.

LC-processor-direct slot (LC-PDS)LC-PDS access port

Vertical plate

Squeeze the two plastic tabs together and pull off the

metal retainer so the access cover can come off.

LC-processor-direct slot (LC-PDS)

Vertical plate

Metal retainer

101

Installing an Expansion Card

4 Press down on the card until the connector is solidly in place.

Don’t force the card. If you meet resistance, pull the card out and try again.

To see if the card is properly connected, lift it gently. If it resists and stays in

place, it’s connected.

Installing a communication card

Some Macintosh computers come with a communication card already

installed.

1 If your communication card has ports for connecting equipment, remove the plastic

access cover from the vertical plate.

2 Remove the communication card from its static-proof bag.

Hold the card by its edges to avoid touching any connectors on the card.

Communication slot

Push the two plastic tabs apart and pull off the

metal retainer so the access cover can come off.

Vertical plate

Metal retainer

102 Appendix B

3 Align the card over the communication slot.

The communication slot is the rightmost slot on the logic board.

4 Press down on the card until the connector is solidly in place.

Don’t force the card. If you meet resistance, pull the card out and try again.

To see if the card is properly connected, lift it gently. If it resists and stays in

place, it’s connected.

Communication slot

Vertical plate

Communication

card access hole

103

Installing an Expansion Card

Closing the computer

1 Slip the base of the logic board into the guide rails inside the computer case and swing

the handle back into its storage position.

Make sure the logic board slides

into the guides that are on both

sides of the computer’s interior.

Swing the handle up,

into its storage position.

104 Appendix B

2 Press the reset button on the logic board, and then slide the logic board back into the

computer.

When you press the reset button, some of your computer’s software settings

will change. You may want to open the control panels for the date and time,

keyboard, and mouse to make sure that they are set the way you want them.

For more information about working with control panels, see the “Setting

Options” topic of Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu.

3 If you removed security screws earlier, reinsert them now.

Reinstall security screws here.

1 Press the reset button.

2 Gently but firmly

push on the vertical

plate until the logic board

is solidly back in place.

105

Installing an Expansion Card

4 Slip the three hooks at the base of the back panel into the grooves on the computer

case.

5 Swing the back panel up and snap it into place.

6 Plug the cables back into the computer.

7 Reconnect the power cord.

Your computer is now ready to turn on and use.

WARNING

Never turn on your computer unless all of its internal and

external parts are in place. Operating the computer when it is open or

missing parts can be dangerous, and can damage your computer.

Snap the plastic back panel into place.

Slip the three hooks on the back panel

into the grooves in the computer case.

106 Appendix B

107

Your computer keyboard contains certain special keys that typewriter

keyboards don’t have. Many of these keys allow you to give commands to the

computer without using the mouse. For example, in many application

programs, pressing the x(Command) key at the same time as the Q key lets

you quit a program.

The following table describes what you can do with the special keys on your

keyboard. The special keys on your keyboard depend on the model of

keyboard you have; some keyboards do not have all the keys listed.

Special keys on Apple keyboards

Arrow keys Use to move the insertion point, as an alternative to using the

pointer. In some programs, the arrow keys have other functions.

Caps Lock key Use to capitalize a series of letters (numbers and symbols

aren’t affected).

Clear key Use to delete the current selection (or use the Delete key).

In some programs, Clear has other functions.

x

(Command) key Use in combination with other keys as an alternative to

choosing a menu command.

continued

.

num

lock

clear

caps

lock

Read this appendix to learn

how to use the special

keys on your keyboard.

Appendix C

Special Keys on Your Keyboard

Special keys on Apple keyboards

(continued)

Control key In combination with other keys, this key provides shortcuts or

modifies other actions.

Delete key Use to delete selected material, or the character to the left of the

insertion point.

Enter key In a dialog box, pressing Enter is the same as clicking the

outlined button. In some programs, pressing this key confirms

information you have provided.

Escape key The function of this key depends on the program you’re using.

Function keys Some programs allow you to use the 12 function keys to give

commands. You can assign commands or action sequences to

function keys with special utility programs.

Option key Use in combination with other keys to produce special

characters or modify actions.

Numeric keys Use to produce numbers and mathematical symbols; some

programs use these keys as function keys to initiate actions.

Power key On some models, press to turn on the computer. Also press to

shut down the computer on certain models.

Return key Use to move the insertion point to the beginning of the next line.

In a dialog box, pressing Return is the same as clicking the

outlined button.

Shift key Use to produce capital letters (or the upper character

on the key).

Tab key Use to move the insertion point to the next stopping place

(such as a tab stop or field in a dialog box or program).

Other special keys The function of these keys depends on the operating system

and program you’re using.

homehelp

end

ins

del

page

up

page

down

tab

shift

return

num

lock

clear

=/*

7

4

0

8

5

2

9

6

3

enter

1

.

option

alt

F1

esc

enter

delete

control

108 Appendix C

Typing special characters and symbols

You can type a variety of international and other special symbols and

characters (including characters with diacritical marks, such as accents)

by pressing combinations of keys.

The Key Caps program, which is installed with your system software, shows

you the characters produced when you type certain keys and key

combinations in the fonts available on your computer. Choose Key Caps from

the Apple (K) menu, then choose the font from the Key Caps menu.

To have Key Caps show more options for special characters, press each of

these keys or key combinations: Option, Shift, Shift-Option, Shift-x, and

Option-x.

If you press the Option key, Key Caps outlines lightly the keys that you can

use in combination with letter keys to type letters with accents or other

diacritical marks.

109

Special Keys on Your Keyboard

Characters appear

here when you press

keys on the keyboard

or click them in

the window.

Characters available

in the Chicago font

The highlighted key

represents the key

held down on the

keyboard—in this

case, the Option key.

Characters available in

the Chicago font when

the Option key is pressed

If you see rectangles: If you see rectangles instead of diacritical marks on

some of the pictures of keys in Key Caps, try pressing Option-xto see the

diacritical marks. However, you only need to use the Option key (not

Option-x) in combination with the other keys to type letters with diacritical

marks.

If you press the Option key at the same time as a key for a specific diacritical

mark and then release both keys, Key Caps outlines in bold the keys for

letters that can be typed with that mark. (You’ll see that most key

combinations for diacritical marks can be used with the Space bar as well

as letter keys—producing the mark without a letter.)

The most common diacritical marks and how to create them are summarized

next.

Diacritical mark Key combination

Grave accent ( ` ) Option–`, then type the character

Acute accent ( ´ ) Option–e, then type the character

Circumflex (^) Option–i, then type the character

Tilde (~) Option–n, then type the character

Umlaut ( ¨ ) Option–u, then type the character

The letter “c” with a cedilla (ç) Option–c

m

To type a letter or a space with a specific diacritical mark, press the Option key and

the key for the mark simultaneously. Then type the letter that needs the mark.

If you are having trouble getting a mark and letter to appear together, try

again. Be sure to press the Option key before (or at the same time as) the key

for the mark; then, after you release both keys, type the letter to be marked.

Special key combinations

If difficulties with your mouse or computer don’t allow you to use standard

methods of quitting a program or restarting your computer, you can try using

these special key combinations.

To do this . . . . . . press this key combination

Force a program to quit

x

-Option-Esc

Force the computer to restart

x

-Control–Power

110 Appendix C

A

accent marks, key combinations for

109–110

active program, checkmark indicating 37

acute accent, key combinations for 110

answers. See help

AppleCD Audio Player program 45

ejecting CDs using 43, 65

unable to hear discs played with 68

Apple customer support hotline 15

Apple Desktop Bus (ADB) icon 6

Apple Desktop Bus (ADB) port 6, 7, 30

troubleshooting keyboard problems

and 61

Apple Ethernet media adapter 34

Apple Extras folder

answers to questions in 15

application programs in 35

Apple menu

AppleCD Audio Player program

in 45

Key Caps program in 109–110

Shut Down command in 14

Apple PlainTalk Microphone x, 29

connecting 31

AppleTalk Phase 2 Protocols, for

Ethernet communication 34

Apple Video Player program 35

Application menu 13

active programs listed in 37

Hide Others on 38

Show All on 38

switching among programs using 37

application programs 35–39

active 37

backing up 38–39

crashing. See “bomb” icon/message

forcing to quit 51, 110

hiding and showing windows for 38

incompatible 36, 59, 70

increasing memory for 33

installing 36

“native” 39, 64

older Macintosh, problems working

with 39, 64

open 37

opening DOS documents from 63

for PowerPC microprocessor ix,

39, 64

pre-installed 35

quitting unexpectedly 58

switching among 37

troubleshooting 58

unable to find or open 64

unable to start 58

working with several at a time 37–38

111

Index

arrow keys 107

arrow pointer

“frozen” (not moving) 49, 60

moving with mouse 12–13

arrows, scroll 13

At Ease (alternative desktop), returning

to Macintosh desktop from 65

audio compact discs (CDs) 41, 44

playing 45

troubleshooting problems with 68

Audio In port, on external speaker 32

audio tracks on CD-ROM discs 44,

45, 68

opening data files and 68

unable to hear 68

B

backing up 38

back panel, removing 99

backup copy

making 38

restoring information from 39

Balloon Help 26

basic skills

with mouse 12–13

tutorial for teaching 12–13

blank screen (dark screen) 53

at startup 9, 10

blinking question mark icon 54, 79

when starting up from CD-ROM

disc 72

body position, for computer use 83–84

“bomb” icon/message 51, 59

Photo CD causing 69

booting up. See starting up

brightness control 10, 53

avoiding screen “burn in” and 88

C

cables

for Ethernet network connection 34

handling 87

keyboard x

monitor x

with stereo miniplug 32

Caps Lock key 107

carpal tunnel syndrome, computer use

and 82

CD. See compact disc

CD-ROM disc 41–48. See also compact

disc; Macintosh Performa CD

audio tracks on 44, 45, 68

automatically ejected without error

message 67

avoiding startup from 65, 66

cleaning 67, 89

document on won’t open 67

ejecting 43,

65–66, 91

handling 89–91

inserting 42

not recognized as Macintosh 67

shared 43, 48, 65

software for nonstandard formats

for 44

standard file formats for 44

starting up from 72–74

troubleshooting problems with 66–68

CD-ROM disc icon 42

ejecting disc and 43, 65–66

not appearing on screen 65

not on desktop 43, 66

CD-ROM drive/player 29, 41–48. See

also CD-ROM disc;

compact disc

failure of tray to open and 65–66

Open/Close button for 29, 42, 43

replacing 34

safety warning about vii

troubleshooting problems with 65–66

112 Index

cedilla, key combinations for 110

chair, for maximum comfort 83

chips, memory. See memory

circumflex, key combinations for 110

cleaning computer equipment 92–93

Clear key 107

clock, troubleshooting problems with 53

close box 13

closing the computer 104–106

color icons, for images on Photo CD, not

displayed 69

Command key 107

in Key Caps program 109, 110

Command-Option-Esc, for restarting

computer 51

communication card, installing 102–103

communication slot 97, 102, 103

communications regulation information

vi-vii

compact disc. See also CD-ROM disc

audio 41, 44, 45, 68

cleaning 67, 89

handling 89–91

Photo 41, 45, 46–48

types that can be used 44–45

compact disc read-only memory disc. See

CD-ROM disc

compact disc read-only memory

drive/player. See CD-ROM

drive/player

computer case, cleaning 92

computer/computer system x, 29

arranging components of 1, 3, 7,

83–84

basic 29

cleaning 92–93

closing 104–106

connecting additional hardware to 8,

29–34

disconnecting before attempting repair

30, 60, 66, 87

handling 87–92

health-related information about use

of 81–85

opening 99–100

performance decreases and 70

setting up 1–11

troubleshooting problems with 49–79

turning off 11, 14

turning on 8–9

computer “crash.” See “bomb”

icon/message

computer power cord x

connecting 2

computer power socket 2

connecting. See also installing

additional equipment 8, 29–34

Apple PlainTalk Microphone 31

cables, safety precautions for 87

computer power cord 2

external speakers 32–33

keyboard 7

keyboard cable 7

to local area network 33–34

monitor 3–5

monitor cable 5

monitor power cord 3–4

mouse and keyboard 6–7

contrast control (screen) 53

Control key 108

control panels

Easy Access 61

Extensions Manager, for turning off

extensions 59, 70

incompatible 59, 70

Memory 39, 58, 64, 70

Network, changing for Ethernet

use 34

PC Exchange, for opening DOS

document 62, 63

resetting after installing expansion

card 105

113

Index

copying

for backup 38

System Folder, warning about 36

crash. See “bomb” icon/message

cumulative trauma disorders (CTDs),

computer use and 82

cursor. See pointer

cursor keys. See arrow keys

customer support hotline 15

D

damaged disk, repairing 71–77

checking for damage and 75

with Disk First Aid program 76–77

starting up from CD-ROM disc and

72–74

dark screen (blank screen) 53

at startup 9, 10

data recovery programs 77. See also

Disk First Aid program

date. See clock

Delete key 108

deleting

by dragging item to Trash 13

with Zero Out Data command 78

desktop 9

At Ease (alternative), returning to

Macintosh desktop from 65

hiding and showing windows on 38

pictorial buttons on instead of usual

appearance 65

rebuilding 52, 56, 62

starting up from CD-ROM disc

and 73

diacritical marks, key combinations for

109–110

disconnecting computer 86

before attempting repair 30, 60,

66, 87

disc tray (CD), failure to open 65–66

disk. See floppy disk; hard disk

disk drive. See floppy disk drive; hard

disk drive

Disk First Aid icon 76

Disk First Aid program 76–77

disk icon with “X,” troubleshooting 55

disk repair programs 77. See also Disk

First Aid program

DOC statement vii

documents

backing up 38

on CD-ROM disc, unable to open 67

unable to find or open 62, 63

DOS disk

formatting for use in Macintosh 57

unreadable 57

DOS document

problems using 63

unable to open 62, 63

Drive Setup program

hard disk icon doesn’t appear 56

initializing a hard disk 77–78

testing a hard disk 75

E

Easy Access control panel 61

Eject CD command 43, 65

ejecting

CD-ROM discs 43, 65–66, 67, 91

floppy disks 36, 91

electrical grounding 2, 87

electrical safety 86

electromagnetic emissions 85

electronic mail (e mail), PowerTalk

providing 35

Empty Trash command, in Special

menu 13

Enter key 108

erasing

disks. See initializing

by dragging item to Trash 13

error messages, responding to 50. See

also troubleshooting

Escape key 108

Ethernet card 33, 34

Ethernet network, connecting to 33–34

114 Index

EtherTalk Phase 2 protocols, for Ethernet

communication 34

exiting

forcing, for program with problem

51, 110

quitting unexpectedly and 58

expansion cards, installing 3, 97–106

closing computer after 104–106

a communication card 102–103

an LC-PDS card 101–102

opening computer for 99–100

safety warning about 98

extensions, system

performance decreases and 70

startup problems and 56, 59

Extensions Manager control panel, for

turning off extensions 59, 70

external stereo speakers, connecting

32–33

extremely low frequency (ELF)

electromagnetic fields 85

eye fatigue, computer use and 83

F

fatigue, avoiding 85

FCC statement vi

Ethernet card use and 34

file formats for CD-ROM discs 44

not recognized by Macintosh 67

problems with 67–68

files

backing up 38

on CD-ROM discs 67–68

file-sharing in System 7.5, for sharing

CD-ROM disc 48

Finder

Macintosh Guide in 25

making active program 18, 25

floating-point unit (FPU) 58

floppy disc icon, with an “X,”

troubleshooting 55

floppy disk

backing up 38

ejecting 36, 91

formatting on DOS computer for use

in Macintosh 57

handling 89

inserting 36

rebuilding desktop of 52

reinitializing 77

repairing 76–77

startup problems and 55

unreadable 57

floppy disk drive 29

replacing 34

folders

Apple Extras 15, 35

System, warning about copying from

application program 36

fonts, in QuickDraw GX program 35

foreign characters, Key Caps program for

109–110

formatting. See also initializing

on DOS computer for use in

Macintosh 57

FPU. See floating-point unit

“frozen” pointer 49, 60

“frozen” screen 49

Function keys 108

G

glare, eliminating 84

graphics, Photo CD images as source

of 46

grave accent, key combinations for 110

grounding plug 2, 87

Guide menu 13, 15, 17–25

Drive Setup Guide in 56

icon for 17

Macintosh Guide in 18–25

Shortcuts in 27

Show/Hide Balloons in 26

115

Index

H

hard disk

backing up 38

checking for damage on 75

initializing 77–78

installing application programs on 36

installing/reinstalling system software

on 54, 79

rebuilding desktop of 52, 56, 62

reinitializing 77–78

repairing 71–77

hard disk drive (internal) 29

replacing 34

hard disk icon 13

not on desktop 56, 71

hardware. See also computer/computer

system

for Ethernet connection 34

headphone jack 29

health-related information 81–85

help 17–28. See also Guide menu;

troubleshooting

Balloon 26

from Macintosh Guide 18–25. See

also Macintosh Guide

Shortcuts and 27–28

sources of 15

HFS (Hierarchical File System) format

for CD-ROM discs 44

Hide Balloons command, in Guide

menu 26

Hide Others command, in Application

menu 38

hiding windows 38

Hierarchical File System (HFS) format

for CD-ROM discs 44

High Sierra format for CD-ROM

discs 44

problems using discs with 67–68

hotline, customer support 15

“Huh?” button 25

I

icons 13

Apple Desktop Bus (ADB) 6

blinking question mark 54, 72, 79

“bomb” 51, 59, 69

CD-ROM disc 42, 43, 65–66

CD-ROM player 65

color, for images on Photo CD, not

displayed 69

disk, with an “X” 55

Disk First Aid 76

Drive Setup 75, 78

Guide menu 17

hard disk 13, 56, 71

Macintosh Performa CD 74

not appearing correctly on screen 56

“sad Macintosh” 55

Trash 13

identifying screen objects 26

image “burn in,” avoiding 88

incompatibility, software 36, 59, 70. See

also software compatibility

Index button, in Macintosh Guide

window 19, 21–22

initializing. See also formatting

floppy disk 77

internal hard disk (reinitializing)

77–78

inserting

CD-ROM disc 42

floppy disk 36

installing. See also connecting

additional memory 33

application programs 36

communication card 102–103

expansion cards 3, 97–106

internal drives 34

LC-processor-direct slot (PDS) card

101–102

system software 54, 79

116 Index

insufficient memory 58, 69, 70

performance decreases and 70

for Photo CDs 69

for PowerPC applications 39

interference, on monitor

screen/radio/television 88

internal drives, installing 34

internal hard disk. See hard disk

internal modem 30

international symbols/characters, key

combinations for 109–110

ISO 9660 format for CD-ROM discs 44

problems with discs using 67–68

J

jack, headphone 29

K

keyboard x, 29

adjusting angle of 7

connecting 7

handling 88

liquid spills on 88

no response to typing on 61–62

positioning 7, 83–84

Power key on 8, 14

special keys on 107–108

troubleshooting problems with 61–62

keyboard cable x

connecting 7

keyboard shortcuts 27–28

Key Caps program, in Apple menu

109–110

key combinations, special 110

keys, special 107–108

L

LAN. See local area network

Launcher

opening applications from 35

putting program into 36

Service/Support area of 15

at startup 9

LC-processor-direct slot (LC-PDS)

97, 101

LC-processor-direct slot (PDS) card 30

access cover for 30

installing 101–102

libraries, shared 64

local area network

connecting to 33–34

PowerTalk program for 35

locking mouse 94–95

“lock up,” keyboard (no response to

typing) 61–62

logic board

removing 100

replacing 104–105

Look For button, in Macintosh Guide

window 19, 23–24

M

Macintosh desktop 9

hiding and showing windows on 38

pictorial buttons on instead of usual

appearance 65

rebuilding 52, 56, 62

returning to from At Ease 65

starting up from CD-ROM disc

and 73

Macintosh Guide 18–25

tips for using 25

Macintosh Guide window 18–19

Index button in 19, 21–22

Look For button in 19, 23–24

moving 18, 25

Topics button in 19, 19–20

117

Index

Macintosh Performa system 29. See also

computer/computer system

Macintosh Performa CD 38, 39. See also

CD-ROM disc

backup copies on 39

checking for damaged disk with 75

reinitializing hard disk with 77–78

reinstalling system software from

54, 79

repairing damaged disk with 54,

76–77

starting up from 72–74

startup problems with 74

Macintosh Performa CD icon, not on

screen 74

Macintosh programs. See also application

programs

older, problems working with 39, 64

for PowerPC microprocessor 39

Macintosh Shortcuts 27–28

MacTCP software, for Ethernet

communication 34

mailbox, PowerTalk providing 35

media adapter, Apple Ethernet 34

memory

expanding 33, 70

insufficient 39, 58, 69, 70

requirements for for special

programs 35

virtual 58, 70

Memory control panel

older Macintosh programs and 39, 64

virtual memory and 58, 70

menu bar 13

microphone x, 29

connecting 31

microprocessor, PowerPC ix

application programs designed for 39

miniplug, stereo 32

modem, internal 30

modem port 30

Modern Memory Manager, older

Macintosh programs and 39, 64

monitor x, 29. See also screen display

adjusting angle of 3, 84

cleaning 92

connecting 3–5

electromagnetic emissions and 85

handling 88

positioning 3, 84, 88

troubleshooting problems with 53

turning on 8

monitor brightness control 10, 53

avoiding screen “burn in” and 88

monitor cable x, 5

connecting 5

monitor control buttons

for brightness 10, 53, 88

for contrast 53

monitor port 5, 30

monitor power cord x

connecting 3–4

monitor power socket 4

mouse x, 29

cleaning 92–93

connecting keyboard to ADB port

on 6

locking and unlocking 94–95

positioning of for maximum

comfort 84

troubleshooting problems with 60

using 12–13

mouse cable, connecting 6

mouse shortcuts 27–28

multisession discs 47

musculoskeletal discomfort, computer

use and 82

118 Index

N

“native” applications 39

shared libraries needed for 64

network

backing up and 38

CD-ROM disc shared over 43, 48, 65

connecting to 33–34

PowerTalk program for 35

Network control panel, changing for

Ethernet use 34

numeric keys 108

O

office furniture and equipment, arranging

83–84

on/off switch. See power button

Open/Close button, on CD-ROM drive

29, 42, 43

opening the computer 99–100

open programs, identifying 37

open windows, hiding and showing 38

Option key 108

in Key Caps program 109, 110

P

PC Exchange control panel, for opening

DOS document 62, 63

PDS expansion card. See LC-processor-

direct slot (PDS) card

Performa system x, 29

connecting additional hardware to 8,

29–34

performance decreases 70

Performa Tutorial, for learning basics 9,

12–13

Photo compact discs (CDs) 41, 45

obtaining 47

opening 47

resolution of 47–48

system errors caused by 69

troubleshooting problems with 69

unable to open 69

working with 46–48

photographs, putting on Photo CD 47

pictures, on CD. See Photo compact discs

PlainTalk Microphone x, 29

connecting 31

plugging in computer 1–2

pointer

“frozen” (not moving) 49, 60

moving with mouse 12–13

ports

Apple Desktop Bus (ADB) 6, 7,

30, 61

Audio In, on external speaker 32

modem 30

monitor 5, 30

printer 30

SCSI 30

security lock 30

sound input 30, 31

sound output 30, 31, 32

posture, for maximum comfort while

using computer 83–84

power button (standby power button) 2,

30, 51

power cord

computer x, 2

monitor x, 3–4

Power key 8, 14, 108

power-on light 29

PowerPC microprocessor ix

application programs designed for 39

software affecting performance of 70

power socket

computer 2

monitor 4

power supply, safety precautions and 92

PowerTalk program 35

pre-installed application programs 35

printer port 30

printing, QuickDraw GX program

enhancing 35

programs. See application programs

Put Away command 43

119

Index

Q

question mark, Guide menu identified

by 17

question mark icon, blinking 54, 79

when starting up from CD-ROM

disc 72

questions. See help; troubleshooting

QuickDraw GX program 35

QuickTime 45

quitting application

special key combinations for 51, 110

unexpectedly 58

R

radio interference vi, 88

random-access memory (RAM). See also

memory

expanding 33

requirements for for special

programs 35

rebuilding desktop 52, 56, 62

recording, from audio CD,

troubleshooting problems

with 68

recovery programs 77. See also Disk

First Aid program

rectangles, instead of diacritical marks, in

Key Caps 110

Reduced Instruction Set Computing

(RISC) technology ix

reinitializing disks 77–78

reinstalling system software 54, 79

remote control sensor 29

repairing damaged disk 71–77

checking for damage and 75

with Disk First Aid program 76–77

starting up from CD-ROM disc and

72–74

repetitive stress injuries (RSIs), computer

use and 82

reset button, on logic board 105

resolution, viewing Photo CDs and

47–48

Restart command, in Special menu or

dialog box 51

restarting computer

after “bomb” message 59

eliminating problems by 51

problems with, with CD-ROM disc in

player 66

with special key combination 51, 110

restoring information from backup copy

39

Return key 108

RSIs. (repetitive stress injuries) 82

S

“sad Macintosh” icon 55

safety instructions 86

CD-ROM drive vii

disconnecting computer 30, 60, 66,

86, 87

grounding plug 2, 87

power supply 92

saving changes to information on

CD-ROM disc 67

scanning disk for defects 75

screen control buttons

for brightness 10, 53, 88

for contrast 53

screen display. See also monitor

adjusting light and dark on 10, 53, 88

blank 9, 10, 53

“bomb” on 51, 59, 69

identifying objects on 26

introductory 9

pointer freezing on 49, 60

protecting from “burn in” 88

at startup 9

screen saver 88

causing screen to go dark 53

120 Index

scroll arrows 13

SCSI chain, incorrect termination of, start

up problems caused by 71

SCSI devices, troubleshooting problems

with 54, 71

SCSI ID numbers, incorrect setting of

CD-ROM player problems and 65

missing hard disk icon and 56, 71

SCSI port 30

searching, for help topics, with Look For

button 23–24

security lock port 30

security screws 100, 105

Service/Support area, of Launcher 15

service and support

(customer support) 15

setting up the computer 1–11

connecting additional equipment 8,

29–34

connecting monitor 3–5

connecting mouse and keyboard 6–7

connecting to network 33–34

plugging computer in 1–2

turning computer on 8–9

shared CD-ROM disc 48

ejecting 43, 65

shared libraries 64

Shift key 108

in Key Caps program 109

Shortcuts 27–28

Show All command, in Application

menu 38

Show Balloons command, in Guide

menu 26

showing windows on desktop 38

Shut Down command

in Apple menu 14

in Special menu 14

Shut Down message 14

shutting computer down. See turning

computer off

SimpleText program 47

single-session discs 47

size box 13

Small Computer System Interface. See

SCSI devices

software. See application programs;

system software

software compatibility 36, 59, 70

Extensions Manager control panel and

59, 70

floating-point unit (FPU) message

and 58

older Macintosh programs and 39, 64

performance decreases and 70

sound

adjusting 33

recording from audio CD,

troubleshooting problems

with 68

sound control (volume control) buttons

29, 33

sound input port 30, 31

sound output port 30, 31, 32

space, diacritical mark with, key

combinations for 110

speakers, external, connecting 32–33

special characters, key combinations for

109–110

special key combinations 110

special keys 107–108

Special menu

Empty Trash command in 13

Restart command in 51

Shut Down command in 14

speed, decreases in 70

spills, handling keyboard and 88

standard file formats for CD-ROM

discs 44

standby power button (power button) 2,

30, 51

starting over. See restarting computer

starting up 8–9

from CD-ROM disc 72–74

troubleshooting problems with 10, 54,

55, 71, 79

startup disk. See also starting up

rebuilding desktop of 52, 56

121

Index

static electricity 99

stereo miniplug, for connecting external

speakers 32

stereo speakers, external, connecting

32–33

storage devices, internal, installing 34

support, customer 15

switching among application

programs 37

symbols, key combinations for 109–110

system error. See “bomb” icon/message

system extensions, incompatible

performance decreases and 70

startup problems and 56, 59

System Folder, warning about copying

from application program 36

system software

installing/reinstalling, with Macintosh

Performa CD 54, 79

problems with 54, 55, 71, 79

T

Tab key 108

TCP/IP protocols, for Ethernet

communication 34

television

interference with reception on vi, 88

watching on computer 35

three-wire grounding plug 2, 87

tilde, key combinations for 110

time. See clock

title bar 13

Topics button, in Macintosh Guide

window 19, 19–20

Trash, emptying 13

Trash icon 13

troubleshooting 49–79. See also help

for application program problems

58, 64

for blank screen 53

for blinking question mark icon 54,

72, 79

for “bomb” message 59, 69

for CD-ROM disc ejection problems

43, 65–66

for CD-ROM problems 65–69

for clock problems 53

for disk icon with “X” on startup 55

disk repair and 71–77

for document that can’t be found or

opened 62, 63

for DOS document problems 63

for floating-point unit (FPU) missing

message 59

for floppy disk ejection problems 91

for floppy disk that’s unreadable 57

Guide menu for 17–25

for hard disk damage 75, 76–77

for hard disk icon not on desktop

56, 71

for icons incorrect on screen 56

information sources and 15

initializing/reinitializing hard disk

and 77–78

for keyboard problems 61–62

for mouse problems 60

for older Macintosh programs 39, 64

for performance decreases 70

for pointer “frozen” (not moving)

49, 60

rebuilding desktop and 52, 56, 62

repairing damaged disk and 71–77

for “sad Macintosh” icon 55

for screen dark 53

for screen “frozen” 49

for shared library missing 64

starting over and 51

starting up from CD-ROM disc and

72–74

for startup problems 10, 54, 55

for unreadable DOS disk 57

122 Index

turning computer off 11, 14

before attempting repair 30, 60, 66,

86, 87

before connecting equipment 30

turning computer on 8–9

turning monitor on 8

tutorial program, for learning basics 9,

12–13

TV. See television

TV tuner card 30, 98

Apple Video Player and 35

typing. See also keyboard

nothing produced on screen by 61–62

special characters and symbols

109–110

U

umlaut, key combinations for 110

unlocking mouse 94–95

unreadable DOS disk 57

V

VCCI statement vii

version numbers, for using CD-ROM

discs 67–68

vertical plate 97, 100, 102

very low frequency (VLF)

electromagnetic fields 85

video, watching on computer 35

video input card 30, 98

Apple Video Player and 35

video-in slot 97

virtual memory 58, 70

volume, in AppleCD Audio Player 68

volume buttons 29, 33

W, X, Y, Z

warranty considerations, installing

additional RAM and 33

windows 13. See also specific type

of windows

hiding and showing on desktop 38

work area, arranging 83–84

wrist problems, computer use and 82

123

Index

Apple Computer, Inc.

1 Infinite Loop

Cupertino, California 95014-2084

408.996.1010 030-8236-A

Printed in U.S.A.

