Billion Electric BIL-7412GLR4 ADSL2+ (802.11g)(VPN) Firewall Router User Manual BiPAC 7404V G OX
Billion Electric Co., Ltd. ADSL2+ (802.11g)(VPN) Firewall Router BiPAC 7404V G OX
user manual
BiPAC 7402GL R4
Wireless ADSL Firewall Router
User Manual
Version release 5.53.s5.wk
Last Revised Date 27-05-2009
Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction ..................................................................... 6
Introduction to your Router .................................................................. 6
Features ............................................................................................ 6
Chapter 2: Installing the Router ..................................................... 10
Important note for using this router .................................................. 10
Package Contents ............................................................................... 10
The Front LEDs. .............................................................................. 11
The Rear Ports ................................................................................. 12
Cabling.............................................................................................. 13
Chapter 3: Basic Installation ......................................................... 14
Connecting Your Router ..................................................................... 15
Network Configuration ........................................................................ 16
Factory Default Settings.................................................................. 22
Information from your ISP ............................................................ 23
Configuring with your Web Browser................................................. 24
Chapter 4: Configuration ............................................................... 25
Status ..................................................................................................... 26
ADSL Status...................................................................................... 26
ARP Table ......................................................................................... 27
DHCP Table ..................................................................................... 28
Routing Table .................................................................................... 29
NAT Sessions.................................................................................... 30
UPnP Portmap .................................................................................. 30
Email Status ...................................................................................... 31
Event Log .......................................................................................... 31
Error Log ........................................................................................... 32
Diagnostic ......................................................................................... 32
Quick Start ............................................................................................ 33
Configuration ........................................................................................ 37
LAN - Local Area Network ................................................................. 38
Ethernet .......................................................................................... 39
IP Alias ........................................................................................... 39
Ethernet Client Filter .......................................................................... 40
Wireless .......................................................................................... 41
Wireless Security .............................................................................. 43
Wireless Client / MAC Address Filter .................................................... 45
WPS ............................................................................................... 46
Port Setting .................................................................................... 47
DHCP Server .................................................................................. 48
WAN - Wide Area Network ................................................................ 49
WAN Profile ..................................................................................... 49
ADSL Mode ..................................................................................... 60
System .............................................................................................. 61
Time Zone ....................................................................................... 61
Remote Access................................................................................. 62
Firmware Upgrade ............................................................................ 62
Backup / Restore .............................................................................. 63
Restart Router .................................................................................. 64
User Management............................................................................. 65
Firewall and Access Control .............................................................. 67
General Settings ............................................................................... 68
Packet Filter ..................................................................................... 69
Intrusion Detection ............................................................................ 76
URL Filter ........................................................................................ 79
IM / P2P Blocking.............................................................................. 81
Firewall Log ..................................................................................... 82
QoS - Quality of Service.................................................................... 83
Prioritization .................................................................................... 83
Outbound IP Throttling (LAN to WAN) ................................................... 85
Inbound IP Throttling (WAN to LAN) ..................................................... 86
Virtual Server (known as Port Forwarding) ....................................... 92
Add Virtual Server ............................................................................. 93
Edit DMZ Host .................................................................................. 95
Edit One-to-One NAT (Network Address Translation) ............................... 96
Wake on LAN .................................................................................... 99
Time Schedule ................................................................................ 100
Advanced ........................................................................................ 103
Static Route .................................................................................. 103
Static ARP .................................................................................... 104
Dynamic DNS................................................................................. 105
Check Email................................................................................... 106
Device Management ....................................................................... 107
IGMP ............................................................................................ 110
Logout .................................................................................................. 111
Chapter 5: Troubleshooting .......................................................... 112
Appendix: Product Support & Contact ........................................ 114
5
Chapter 1: Introduction
Introduction to your Router
Welcome to the wireless ADSL Firewall Router. The router is an “all-in-one” ADSL router,
combining an ADSL modem, ADSL router and Ethernet network switch functionalities, providing
everything you need to get the machines on your network connected to the Internet over your
ADSL broadband connection. With features such as an ADSL Quick-Start wizard and DHCP
Server, you can be online in no time at all and with a minimum of fuss and configuration, catering
for first-time users to the guru requiring advanced features and control over their Internet
connection and network.
Features
Express Internet Access
The router complies with ADSL worldwide standards. It supports downstream rate up to 12/24 Mbps
with ADSL2/2+, 8Mbps with ADSL. Users enjoy not only high-speed ADSL services but also
broadband multimedia applications such as interactive gaming, video streaming and real-time audio
much easier and faster than ever. It is compliant with Multi-Mode standard (ANSI T1.413, Issue 2;
G.dmt (ITU G.992.1); G.lite (ITU G.992.2); G.hs (ITU G994.1); G.dmt.bis (ITU G.992.3);
G.dmt.bis.plus (ITU G.992.5)).
802.11g Wireless AP with WPA Support
With integrated 802.11g Wireless Access Point in the router, the device offers a quick and easy
access among wired network, wireless network and broadband connection with single device
simplicity, and as a result, mobility to the users. In addition to 54 Mbps 802.11g data rate, it also
interoperates backward with existing 802.11b equipment. The Wireless Protected Access
(WPA-PSK and WPA2-PSK) and Wireless Encryption Protocol (WEP) supported features enhance
the security level of data protection and access control via Wireless LAN.
Fast Ethernet Switch
A 4-port 10/100Mbps fast Ethernet switch is built in with automatic switching between MDI and
MDI-X for 10Base-T and 100Base-TX ports. An Ethernet straight or crossover cable can be used
directly for auto detection.
Multi-Protocol to Establish a Connection
It supports PPPoA (RFC 2364 - PPP over ATM Adaptation Layer 5), RFC 1483 encapsulation
overATM (bridged or routed), PPP over Ethernet (RFC 2516), and IPoA (RFC1577) to establish a
connection with the ISP. The product also supports VC-based and LLC-based multiplexing.
6
Quick Installation Wizard
It supports a WEB GUI page to install this device quickly. With this wizard, end users can enter the
information easily which they get from their ISP, then surf the Internet immediately.
Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) and UPnP NAT Traversal
This protocol is used to enable simple and robust connectivity among stand-alone devices and
PCs from many different vendors. It makes network simple and affordable for users. UPnP
architecture leverages TCP/IP and the Web to enable seamless proximity networking in addition
to control and data transfer among networked devices. With this feature enabled, users can now
connect to Net meeting or MSN Messenger seamlessly.
Network Address Translation (NAT)
Allows multi-users to access outside resources such as the Internet simultaneously with one IP
address/one Internet access account. Many application layer gateway (ALG) are supported such
as web browser, ICQ, FTP, Telnet, E-mail, News, Net2phone, Ping, NetMeeting, IP phone and
others.
SOHO Firewall Security with DoS and SPI
Along with the built-in NAT natural firewall feature, the router also provides advanced hacker
pattern-filtering protection. It can automatically detect and block Denial of Service (DoS) attacks.
The router is built with Stateful Packet Inspection (SPI) to determine if a data packet is allowed
through the firewall to the private LAN.
Domain Name System (DNS) Relay
It provides an easy way to map the domain name (a friendly name for users such as www.yahoo.
com) and IP address. When a local machine sets its DNS server with this router’s IP address,
every DNS conversion request packet from the PC to this router will be forwarded to the real DNS
in the outside network.
Dynamic Domain Name System (DDNS)
The Dynamic DNS service allows you to alias a dynamic IP address to a static hostname. This
dynamic IP address is the WAN IP address. For example, to use the service, you must first apply
for an account from a DDNS service like http://www.dyndns.org/. More than 5 DDNS servers are
supported.
Quality of Service (QoS)
QoS gives you full control over which types of outgoing data traffic should be given priority by
the router, ensuring important data like gaming packets, customer information, or management
information move through the router ay lightning speed, even under heavy load. The QoS features
are configurable by source IP address, destination IP address, protocol, and port. You can throttle
7
the speed at which different types of outgoing data pass through the router, to ensure P2P users
don’t saturate upload bandwidth, or office browsing doesn’t bring client web serving to a halt. In
addition, or alternatively, you can simply change the priority of different types of upload data and
let the router sort out the actual speeds.
Virtual Server (“port forwarding”)
Users can specify some services to be visible from outside users. The router can detect incoming
service requests and forward either a single port or a range of ports to the specific local computer
to handle it. For example, a user can assign a PC in the LAN acting as a WEB server inside and
expose it to the outside network. Outside users can browse inside web servers directly while it is
protected by NAT. A DMZ host setting is also provided to a local computer exposed to the outside
network, Internet.
Rich Packet Filtering
Not only filters the packet based on IP address, but also based on Port numbers. It will filter
packets from and to the Internet, and also provides a higher level of security control.
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) Client and Server
In the WAN site, the DHCP client can get an IP address from the Internet Service Provider (ISP)
automatically. In the LAN site, the DHCP server can allocate a range of client IP addresses and
distribute them including IP address, subnet mask as well as DNS IP address to local computers.
It provides an easy way to manage the local IP network.
Static and RIP1/2 Routing
It has routing capability and supports easy static routing table or RIP1/2 routing protocol.
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)
It is an easy way to remotely manage the router via SNMP.
Web based GUI
It supports web based GUI for configuration and management. It is user-friendly and comes with
on-line help. It also supports remote management capability for remote users to configure and
manage this product.
Firmware Upgradeable
Device can be upgraded to the latest firmware through the WEB based GUI.
8
Rich Management Interfaces
It supports flexible management interfaces with LAN port, and WAN port. Users can use terminal
applications through Telnet, WEB GUI, and SNMP through LAN or WAN ports to configure and
manage the device.
9
Chapter 2: Installing the Router
Important note for using this router
Package Contents
BiPAC 7402GL R4 Wireless ADSL Firewall Router
CD-ROM containing the online manual
RJ-11 ADSL/telephone Cable
Ethernet (CAT-5) Cable
Power adapter
A detachable antenna
Quick Start Guide
10
Device Description
The Front LEDs.
LED Meaning
1 Power
Both red and green LEDs lit together when power is ON.
Lit green when the device is ready.
Lit red means system failure.
Restart the device or contact Billion for support.
2 Ethernet
Port Lit green when Ethernet connection established
Blink when data is being Transmitted / Received.
3 Wireless Lit green when the wireless connection is established.
Flashes when sending/receiving data.
4 ADSL Lit Green when the device is successfully connected to an
ADSL DSLAM.(“line synch”).
5 Internet
Lit red when WAN port fails to get IP address.
Lit green when WAN port gets IP address successfully.
Lit off when device in bridged mode or WAN connection not
present.
11
The Rear Ports
Port Meaning
1 Antenna Connect the detachable antenna to this port.
2 Power Connect it with the supplied power adapter.
3 Power
Switch Power ON/OFF switch.
4 Ethernet Connect a UTP Ethernet cable (Cat-5 or Cat-5e) to one of
the LAN ports when connecting to a PC or an office/home
network of 10Mbps or 100Mbps.
5 RESET
To be sure the device is being turned on press RESET button
for:
1-3 seconds: quick reset the device.
6 seconds and above, power off, power on the device: restore
to factory default settings. (Cannot login to the router or forgot
your Username/Password. Press the button for more than 6
seconds).
Caution: After pressing the RESET button for more than
6 seconds, to be sure you power cycle the device again.
6 WPS Push WPS button to trigger Wi-Fi Protected Setup function.
7 DSL Connect the supplied RJ-11 (“telephone”) cable on this port
when connecting to the ADSL/telephone network.
12
Cabling
One of the most common causes of problems is the bad cabling or ADSL line(s). Make sure that all
connected devices are turned on. On the front of the product is a bank of LEDs. Verify that the LAN
Link and ADSL line LEDs are lit. If they are not, verify that you are using the proper cables.
Ensure that all other devices connected to the same telephone line as your router (e.g. telephones,
fax machines, analogue modems) have a line filter connected between them and the wall socket
(unless you are using a Central Splitter or Central Filter installed by a qualified and licensed
electrician), and ensure that all line filters are correctly installed and the right way around. Missing
line filters or line filters installed the wrong way around can cause problems with your ADSL
connection, including causing frequent disconnections.
13
Chapter 3: Basic Installation
The router can be configured through your web browser. A web browser is included as a standard
application in the following operating systems: Linux, Mac OS, Windows 98/NT/2000/XP/Me/Vista,
etc. The product provides an easy and user-friendly interface for configuration.
Please check your PC network components. The TCP/IP protocol stack and Ethernet network
adapter must be installed. If not, please refer to your Windows-related or other operating system
manuals.
There are ways to connect the router, either through an external repeater hub or connect directly
to your PCs. However, make sure that your PCs have an Ethernet interface installed properly prior
to connecting the router device. You ought to configure your PCs to obtain an IP address through
a DHCP server or a fixed IP address that must be in the same subnet as the router. The default IP
address of the router is 192.168.1.254 and the subnet mask is 255.255.255.0 (i.e. any attached PC
must be in the same subnet, and have an IP address in the range of 192.168.1.1 to 192.168.1.253).
The best and easiest way is to configure the PC to get an IP address automatically from the router
using DHCP. If you encounter any problem accessing the router web interface it is advisable to
uninstall your firewall program on your PCs, as they can cause problems accessing the IP address
of the router. Users should make their own decisions on what is best to protect their network.
Please follow the following steps to configure your PC network environment.
14
Connecting Your Router
1. Connect this router to a LAN (Local Area Network) and the ADSL/telephone (ADSL) network.
2. Power on the device.
3. Make sure the Power LED lit steadily and that the LAN LED is lit.
4. Connect your router to the telephone jack on the wall with RJ-11 cable.
15
Network Configuration
Configuring PC in Windows Vista
1. Go to Start. Click on Network.
2. Then click on Network and Sharing
Center at the top bar.
3. When the Network and Sharing
Center window pops up, select and
click on Manage network connec-
tions on the left window column.
4. Select the Local Area Connection,
and right click the icon to select
Properties.
16
5. Select Internet Protocol Version 4
(TCP/IPv4) then click Properties.
6. In the TCP/IPv4 properties window,
select the Obtain an IP address au-
tomatically and Obtain DNS Server
address automatically radio but-
tons. Then click OK to exit the set-
ting.
7. Click OK again in the Local Area
Connection Properties window to
apply the new configuration.
17
Configuring PC in Windows XP
1. Go to Start > Control Panel (in Classic
View). In the Control Panel, double-click
on Network Connections
2. Double-click Local Area Connection.
3. In the Local Area Connection Status
window, click Properties.
4. Select Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) and
click Properties.
5. Select the Obtain an IP address auto-
matically and the Obtain DNS server
address automatically radio buttons.
6. Click OK to finish the configuration.
18
Configuring PC in Windows 2000
1. Go to Start > Settings > Control Panel.
In the Control Panel, double-click on
Network and Dial-up Connections.
2. Double-click Local Area Connection.
3. In the Local Area Connection Status
window click Properties.
4. Select Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) and
click Properties.
5. Select the Obtain an IP address auto-
matically and the Obtain DNS server
address automatically radio buttons.
6. Click OK to finish the configuration.
19
Configuring PC in Windows 95/98/Me
1. Go to Start > Settings > Control Panel.
In the Control Panel, double-click on
Network and choose the Configuration
tab.
2. Select TCP/IP > NE2000 Compatible,
or the name of your Network Interface
Card (NIC) in your PC.
3. Select the Obtain an IP address auto-
matically radio button.
4. Then select the DNS Configurationtab.
5. Select the Disable DNS radio button
and click OK to finish the configuration.
20
Configuring PC in Windows NT4.0
1. Go to Start > Settings > Control Panel.
In the Control Panel, double-click on
Network and choose the Protocols tab.
2. Select TCP/IP Protocol and click Prop-
erties.
3. Select the Obtain an IP address from
a DHCP server radio button and click
OK.
21
Factory Default Settings
Before configuring your router, you need to know the following default settings.
Web Interface (Username and Password)
Username: admin
Password: admin
The default username and password are “admin” and “admin” respectively.
Device LAN IP settings
IP Address: 192.168.1.254
Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0
ISP setting in WAN site
PPPoE
DHCP server
DHCP server is enabled.
Start IP Address: 192.168.1.100
IP pool counts: 100
LAN and WAN Port Addresses
The parameters of LAN and WAN ports are pre-set in the factory. The default values are shown in
the tale.
LAN Port WAN Port
IP address 192.168.1.254
Subnet Mask 255.255.255.0
DHCP server function Enabled in ports 1, 2, 3 and
4
IP addresses for distribution
to PCs 100 IP addresses continuing
from 192.168.1.100 through
192.168.1.199
The PPPoE function is
enabled to automatically get
the WAN port configuration
from the ISP, but you have
to set the username and
password first.
22
Information from your ISP
Before configuring this device, you have to check with your ISP (Internet Service Provider) to find
out what kind of service is provided such as DHCP (Obtain an IP Address Automatically, Static IP
(Fixed IP Address) or PPPoE.
Gather the information as illustrated in the following table and keep it for reference.
PPPoE(RFC2516)
VPI/VCI, VC / LLC-based multiplexing, Username, Password, Service Name,
and Domain Name System (DNS) IP address (it can be automatically
assigned by your ISP when you connect or be set manually).
PPPoA(RFC2684)
VPI/VCI, VC / LLC-based multiplexing, Username, Password and Domain
Name System (DNS) IP address (it can be automatically assigned by your
ISP when you connect or be set manually).
MPoA(RFC1483/RF
C2684)
VPI/VCI, VC / LLC-based multiplexing, IP address, Subnet mask, Gateway
address, and Domain Name System (DNS) IP address (it is a fixed IP
address).
IPoA(RFC1577) VPI/VCI, VC / LLC-based multiplexing, IP address, Subnet mask, Gateway
address, and Domain Name System (DNS) IP address (it is a fixed IP
address).
Pure Bridge VPI/VCI, VC / LLC-based multiplexing to use Bridged Mode.
Multiple Session VPI/VCI, VC / LLC-based multiplexing, Username, Password and Domain
Name System (DNS) IP address (it can be automatically assigned by your
ISP when you connect or be set manually).
23
Configuring with your Web Browser
Open your web browser, enter the IP address of your router, which by default is 192.168.1.254,
and click “Go”, a user name and password window prompt will appear. The default username and
password are “admin” and “admin” respectively. (See Figure 3.14)
Figure 3.14: User name & Password Prompt Window
Congratulations! You are now successfully logon to the Router!
24
Chapter 4: Configuration
At the configuration homepage, the left navigation column provides you the link to each configuration
page. The category of each configuration page is listed as below.
Status
ADSL Status
ARP Table
DHCP Table
Routing Table
NAT Sessions
UPnP Portmap
Email Status
Event Log
Error Log
Diagnostic
Quick Start
LAN
WAN
Configuration
System
Firewall
QoS
Virtual Server
Wake on LAN
Time Schedule
Advanced
Language (provides user interface in English and French languages)
25
Status
ADSL Status
This section displays the overall status of ADSL, such as DSP firmware version, Operational
mode, Upstream/downstream rate, SNR margin, Line Attenuation, CRC Errors and Latency rate.
26
ARP Table
This section displays the router ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) Table which shows the mapping
of Internet (IP) addresses to Ethernet (MAC) addresses. This is a quick way of determining the MAC
address of the network interface of your PCs that use the Firewall – MAC Address Filter function.
See the Firewall section of this manual for more information on this feature.
IP Address: Shows a list of IP addresses of devices on your LAN (Local Area Network).
MAC Address: Shows the MAC (Media Access Control) addresses of each device on your LAN.
Interface: Shows the interface name (on the router) that this IP Address connects to.
Static: Static status of the ARP table entry:
“no” for dynamically-generated ARP table entries.
“yes” for static ARP table entries added by the user.
27
DHCP Table
Leased: Shows the information of the DHCP assigned IP addresses.
Expired: Shows the information of all expired IP addresses.
Permanent: Shows the fixed host mapping information.
Leased Table
IP Address: Shows the IP address that is assigned to each client.
MAC Address: Shows the MAC address of each client.
Client Host Name: Shows the Host Name (Computer Name) of the client.
Expiry: Shows the current lease time of each client.
28
Routing Table
Routing Table
Valid: A check mark indicates a successful routing status.
Destination: Shows the IP address of the destination network.
Netmask: Shows the destination Netmask address.
Gateway/Interface: Shows the IP address of the gateway or the existing interface that this route
will use.
Cost: The number of hops counted as the cost of the route.
RIP Routing Table
Destination: Shows the IP address of the destination network.
Netmask: Shows the destination Netmask address.
Gateway: Shows the IP address of the gateway that this route will use.
Cost: The number of hops counted as the cost of the route.
29
NAT Sessions
This section lists all the current NAT sessions between external (WAN) and internal (LAN)
interface.
UPnP Portmap
This section lists all the established port-mapping using UPnP (Universal Plug and Play). See
the Advanced section of this manual for more details on UPnP and the router UPnP configuration
options.
30
Email Status
Details and status for the Email Account you have configured the router to check. Please see the
Advanced section of this manual for details on this function.
Event Log
This page displays all the event Log entries of the router such as when gets disconnected and
during Firewall triggered events like Intrusion or Blocking Logging. Please see the Firewall
section of this manual for more details on how to enable Firewall logging.
31
Error Log
Any errors encountered by the router (e.g. invalid names given to entries) are logged to this
window.
Diagnostic
It tests the connection to computer(s) which is connected to the LAN ports and also the WAN Internet
connection. If PING www.google.com is shown FAIL and the rest is PASS, you ought to check your
PC’s DNS setting is correct.
32
Quick Start
1. Click Quick Start.
2. If your ADSL line is not ready, you need to check your ADSL line has been set or not.
3. If your ADSL line is ready, the screen appears ADSL Line is Ready. Choose Auto radio button
and click Apply. It will automatically scan the recommended mode for you. Manually mode makes
you to set the ADSL line by manual.
4. Please enter “Username” and “Password” as supplied by your ISP(Internet Service Provider)
and click Apply to continue.
33
Profile Port: Select the connection mode. There is ADSL.
Protocol: Select the protocol;. The default is PPPoE.
VPI/VCI: Enter the VPI and VCI information provided by your ISP.
Username: Enter the username provided by your ISP.
Password: Enter the password provided by your ISP.
Service Name: This item is for identification purposes. If it is required, your ISP provides you the
information.
Auth Protocol: Default is Auto. Your ISP advises on using Chap or Pap.
MTU: Maximum Transmission Unit. The size of the largest datagram (excluding media-specific
headers) that IP will attempt to send through the interface.
IP Address: Your WAN IP address. Leave this at 0.0.0.0 to obtain automatically an IP address from
your ISP.
34
5. Configure the Wireless LAN setting
WLAN Service: Default setting is set to Enable. If you want to use wireless, both 802.11g and
802.11b device in your network, you can select Enable.
ESSID: The ESSID is the unique name of a wireless access point (AP) to be distinguished from
another. For security propose, change to a unique ID name to the AP which is already built-in to the
router’s wireless interface. It is case sensitive and must not excess 32 characters. Make sure your
wireless clients have exactly the ESSID as the device, in order to get connected to your network.
ESSID Broadcast: It is function in which transmits its ESSID to the air so that when wireless client
searches for a network, router can then be discovered and recognized. Default setting is Enable.
Enable: When Enable is selected, you can allow anybody with a wireless client to be able to
locate the Access Point (AP) of your router.
Disable: Select Disable if you do not want broadcast your ESSID. When select Disable, no one
will be able to locate the Access Point (AP) of your router.
Channel ID: Select the ID channel that you would like to use.
Security Mode: You can disable or enable with WPA or WEP for protecting wireless network. The
default mode of wireless security is Disable.
35
6. Wait for the configuration.
7. When ADSL is synchronic, it will appear “check”.
36
Configuration
When you click this item, the column will expand to display the sub-items that will allow you to further
configure your router.
LAN, WAN, System, Firewall, QoS, Virtual Server, Wake on LAN, Time Schedule and
Advanced
The function of each configuration sub-item is described in the following sections.
37
LAN - Local Area Network
Here are the items within the LAN section: Ethernet, IP Alias, Ethernet Client Filter, Wireless,
Wireless Security, Wireless Client Filter, WPS, Port Setting and DHCP Server.
Bridge Interface
You can setup member ports for each VLAN group under Bridge Interface section. From the
example, two VLAN groups need to be created.
Ethernet: P1 (Port 1)
Ethernet1: P2, P3 and P4 (Port 2, 3, 4). Uncheck P2, P3, P4 from Ethernet VLAN port first.
Note: You should setup each VLAN group with caution. Each Bridge Interface is arranged in
this order.
Bridge Interface VLAN Port (Always starts with)
ethernet P1 / P2 / P3 / P4
ethernet1 P2 / P3 / P4
ethernet2 P3 / P4
ethernet3 P4
Management Interface: To specify which VLAN group has possibility to do device management,
like doing web management.
Note: NAT/NAPT can be applied to management interface only.
38
Ethernet
The router supports more than one Ethernet IP addresses in the LAN that supports multiple internet
access at the same time. Users usually only have one subnet in their LAN. The default IP address
for the router is 192.168.1.254.
Primary IP Address
IP Address: The default IP on this router.
Subnet Mask: The default subnet mask on this router.
RIP: RIP v1, RIP v2, and RIP v2 Multicast. Check to enable RIP function.
IP Alias
This function enables the creation of multiple virtual IP interfaces for this router. It helps to connect two
or more local networks to the ISP or remote node. In this case, an internal router is not required.
IP Address: Specify an IP address for this virtual interface.
Netmask: Specify a subnet mask for this virtual interface.
Security Interface: Specify the firewall setting for this virtual interface.
Internal: This mean the network is behind NAT. All traffic will do network address translation
when sending out data to the Internet if NAT is enabled.
External: This means there is no NAT on this IP interface and it is connected directly to the
Internet. This function is mostly used when you are provided with multiple public IP addresses
by the ISP. In this case, you can use the public IP address in the local network whose gateway
IP address points to the IP address on this interface.
DMZ: Specify this network to a DMZ area. There is no NAT on this interface.
39
Ethernet Client Filter
The Ethernet Client Filter can support up to 16 Ethernet network computers. It enables you to
accept traffic from specific authorized computers or can restrict unwanted computer(s) to access
your LAN.
There are no pre-defined Ethernet MAC address filter rules, you can add the filter rules to meet your
requirements.
Ethernet Client Filter: Default setting is set Disable.
Allowed: check to enable a specific PC to access your LAN by inserting the MAC Address in
the space provided or click the Candidate button. Make sure your PC’s MAC is listed.
Blocked: check to prevent an unwanted PC from accessing your LAN by inserting the MAC
Address in the space provided or click the Candidate button. Make sure your PC’s MAC is not
listed.
The maximum number of client is 16. The MAC addresses should be 6 bytes long and are presented
only in hexadecimal characters. Only numbers (0 - 9) and letters (a - f) are acceptable.
Note: Follow the MAC Address Format xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx. Semicolon ( : ) must be included.
Candidates: automatically detects devices that are connected to the router through the Ethernet.
Click the Candidate button to access the Active PC in LAN window.
Active PC in LAN: Active PC in LAN window displays a list of IP Address & MAC Address of each
Ethernet device which connects to the router.
You can check the checkbox next to the IP address to block or to allow the PC from accessing the
LAN. Then, click Add to insert the IP to the Ethernet Client Filter table. The maximum number of
supported Ethernet client is 16.
40
Wireless
Parameters
WLAN Service: Default setting is set to Enable. If you do not have any wireless, select Disable.
Mode: The default setting is 802.11b+g (Mixed mode). If you do not know or do not have both
11g and 11b devices on your network, then keep the setting in mixed mode. From the drop-down
menu, you can select 802.11g if you have only 11g card. If you have only 11b card, then select
802.11b.
ESSID: The ESSID is a unique name of a wireless access point (AP) used to distinguish one from
another. For security purpose, change the default wlan-ap to a unique ID name that is already
built into the router wireless interface. It is case sensitive and must not exceed 32 characters.
Make sure your wireless clients have exactly the ESSID as the device in order to connect to your
network.
Note: It is case sensitive and must not exceed 32 characters.
ESSID Broadcast: It is used to broadcast its ESSID on the network so that when a wireless client
searches for a network, the router can be discovered and recognized. Default setting is Enable.
Enable: When enabled, you allow anybody with a wireless client to be able to locate the Ac-
cess Point (AP) of your router.
Disable: When disabled, you do not broadcast your ESSID. Therefore, no one will be able to
locate the Access Point (AP) of your router.
41
Regulation Domain: There are seven Regulation Domains for you to choose from, including
North America (N.America), Europe, France, etc. The Channel ID will be different based on this
setting.
Channel ID: Select the wireless connection ID channel that you would like to use.
Note: Wireless performance may degrade if the selected ID channel is already being
occupied by other AP(s).
TX PowerLevel: It is a function that enhances the wireless transmission signal strength. User
may adjust this power level from minimum 1 up to maximum 100 or 127 depending on the models
used. Please refer to the note table for the appropriate power level range of your model.
Note: The Power Level maybe different in each access network user premises environment
so choose the most suitable level for your network.
Connected: Display either as true or false. That it is the connection status between the system
and the build-in wireless card.
AP MAC Address: It is a unique hardware address of the Access Point.
AP Firmware Version: The Access Point firmware version.
Wireless Distribution System (WDS)
It is a wireless access point mode that enables wireless link and communication with other access
points. It is easy to install simply by defining the peer’s MAC address of the connected AP. WDS
takes advantage of the cost saving and flexibility with no extra wireless client device is required to
bridge between two access points and extending an existing wired or wireless infrastructure network
to create a larger network. It can connect up to 4 wireless APs for extending cover range at the same
time.
In addition, WDS also enhances its link connection security mode. Key encryption and channel must
be the same for both access points.
WDS Service: The default setting is Disabled. Check Enable radio button to activate this
function.
1. Peer WDS MAC Address: It is the associated AP MAC Address. It is important that your
peer’s AP must include your MAC address in order to acknowledge and communicate with
each other.
2. Peer WDS MAC Address: It is the second associated AP MAC Address.
3. Peer WDS MAC Address: It is the third associated AP MAC Address.
4. Peer WDS MAC Address: It is the fourth associated AP MAC Address.
Note: For MAC Address, Semicolon ( : ) must be included.
42
Wireless Security
You can disable or enable the wireless security function using WPA or WEP for wireless network
protection.
The default mode of wireless security is set to disabled.
WPA-PSK / WPA2-PSK
Security Mode: You can disable or enable with WPA or WEP for protecting wireless network. The
default mode of wireless security is Disable.
WPA Shared Key: The key for network authentication. The input format is in character style and
key size should be in the range between 8 and 63 characters.
Group Key Renewal: The period of renewal time for changing the security key automatically
between wireless client and Access Point (AP). Default value is 600 seconds.
43
WEP
WEP Authentication: To prevent unauthorized wireless stations from accessing data transmitted
over the network, the router offers secure data encryption, known as WEP. If you require high
security for transmissions, there are two options to select from: Open System, Share key.
WEP Encryption: To prevent unauthorized wireless stations from accessing data transmitted over
the network, the router offers highly secure data encryption, known as WEP. If you require high
security for transmissions, there are two alternatives to select from: WEP 64 and WEP 128. WEP
128 will offer increased security over WEP 64.
Passphrase: This is used to generate WEP keys automatically based upon the input string and a
pre-defined algorithm in WEP64 or WEP128.
Default Used WEP Key: Select the encryption key ID; please refer to Key (1~4) below.
Key (1-4): Enter the key to encrypt wireless data. To allow encrypted data transmission, the WEP
Encryption Key values on all wireless stations must be the same as the router. There are four keys
for your selection. The input format is in HEX style, 10 and 26 HEX codes are required for WEP64
and WEP128 respectively.
44
Wireless Client / MAC Address Filter
The MAC Address supports up to 16 wireless network PCs and helps you manage your network
control to accept traffic from specific authorized PCs or to restrict unwanted PC(s) to access your
LAN.
There are no pre-defined MAC Address filter rules; you can add the filter rules to meet your
requirements.
Filter Action: Default setting is set to Disable.
Allowed: To authorize specific device to access your LAN by insert the MAC Address in the
space provided or click the Candidate button. Make sure your PC’s MAC is listed.
Blocked: To prevent unwanted device from accessing the LAN by insert the MAC Address in
the space provided or click the Candidate button. Make sure your PC’s MAC is not listed.
The maximum client is 16. The MAC addresses are 6 bytes long; they are presented only in
hexadecimal characters. The number 0 - 9 and letters a - f are acceptable.
Note: Follow the MAC Address Format xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx. Semicolon ( : ) must be included.
Candidates: It automatically detects for devices that are connected to the router through the Wireless
feature.
Click the Candidate button to access the Associated Wireless Client window.
Associate Wireless Client: Displays a list MAC addresses of all wireless devices that are currently
connected to the router.
You can check the checkbox next to the MAC address to block or allow the wireless client to access
the network. Then, Add to insert to the Wireless Client (MAC Address) Filter table. The maximum
Wireless client is 16.
45
WPS
WPS (WiFi Protected Setup) feature is a standard protocol created by Wi-Fi Alliance. This protocol
is used to build a Wi-Fi networks within a home / small office environment in an easy and secured
manner. This feature thus provides a much simplified method to configure WiFi Protected Access
to those who know very little about wireless security.
46
Port Setting
This section allows you to configure the settings for the router’s Ethernet ports to solve some
of the compatibility problems that may be encountered while connecting to the Internet, as well
allowing users to tweak the performance of their network.
Port # Connection Type: There are Six options to choose from: Auto, disable, 10M half-duplex,
10M full-duplex, 100M half-duplex, 100M full-duplex and Disable. Sometimes, there are Ethernet
compatibility problems with legacy Ethernet devices, and you can configure different types to
solve compatibility issues. The default is Auto, which users should keep unless there are specific
problems with PCs not being able to access your LAN.
IPv4 TOS priority Control (Advanced users): TOS, Type of Services, is the 2nd octet of an IP
packet. Bits 6-7 of this octet are reserved and bit 0-5 are used to specify the priority of the packet.
This feature uses bits 0-5 to classify the packet’s priority. If the packet priority is set as high, its
transmission will be given the first priority it will not be constrained by the Rate Limit. Therefore,
when this feature is enabled, the router’s Ethernet switch will first check the 2nd octet of each IP
packet. If the value in the TOS field matches the values checked in the table (0 to 63), this packet
will be treated as high priority.
47
DHCP Server
You can disable or enable the DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) server or enable the
router’s DHCP relay functions. The DHCP protocol allows your router to dynamically assign IP
addresses to the PCs on your network if they are configured to obtain IP addresses automatically.
To disable the router DHCP Server, check Disabled and click Next, then click Apply. When the
DHCP Server is disabled you will need to manually assign a fixed IP address to each PC on your
network, and set the default gateway for each PC to the IP address of the router (by default this is
192.168.1.254).
To configure the router DHCP Server, check DHCP Server and click Next. You can then configure
parameters of the DHCP Server including the IP pool (starting IP address and ending IP address to
be allocated to PCs on your network), lease time for each assigned IP address (the period of time
the IP address assigned will be valid), DNS IP address and the gateway IP address. These details
are sent to the DHCP client (i.e. your PC) when it requests an IP address from the DHCP server.
Click Apply to enable this function. If you check Use Router as a DNS Server”, the Router will
perform the domain name lookup, find the IP address from the outside network automatically and
forward it back to the requesting PC in the LAN (your Local Area Network).
If you check DHCP Relay Agent and click Next, then you will have to enter the IP address of the
DHCP server which will assign an IP address back to the DHCP client in the LAN. Use this function
only if advised to do so by your network administrator or ISP.
Click Apply to enable this function.
48
WAN - Wide Area Network
WAN refers to your Wide Area Network connection, i.e. your router’s connection to your ISP and
the Internet. Here is the item within the WAN section: WAN Profile.
WAN Profile
PPPoE Connection
PPPoE (PPP over Ethernet) provides access control in a manner which is similar to dial-up services
using PPP.
Profile Port: Select the profile port as ADSL.
Protocol: The ATM protocol will be used in the device.
Description: A given name for the connection.
VPI/VCI: Enter the information provided by your ISP.
ATM Class: The Quality of Service for ATM layer.
Username: Enter the username provided by your ISP. You can input up to 128 alpha-numeric
characters (case sensitive). This is the format of username “username@ispname” instead of
“username”.
Password: Enter the password provided by your ISP. You can input up to 128 alpha-numeric
characters (case sensitive).
Service Name: This item is for identification purpose. If it is required, your ISP will provide you the
information. Maximum input is 15 alpha-numeric characters.
NAT: The NAT (Network Address Translation) feature allows multiple users to access the Internet
49
through a single IP account, sharing the single IP address. If users on your LAN have public IP
addresses and can access the Internet directly, the NAT function can be disabled.
IP (0.0.0.0:Auto): Your WAN IP address. Leave this at 0.0.0.0 to obtain automatically an IP
address from your ISP.
Auth. Protocol: Default is Auto. Your ISP should advise you on whether to use Chap or Pap.
Connection:
Always on: If you want the router to establish a PPPoA session when starting up and to au-
tomatically re-establish the PPPoA session when disconnected by the ISP.
Connect on Demand: If you want to establish a PPPoA session only when there is a packet
requesting access to the Internet (i.e. when a program on your computer attempts to access
the Internet).
Idle Timeout: Auto-disconnect the router when there is no activity on the line for a
predetermined period of time.
Detail: You can define the destination port and packet type (TCP/UDP) without checking by
timer. It allows you to set which outgoing traffic will not trigger and reset the idle timer.
MTU: Maximum Transmission Unit. The size of the largest datagram (excluding media-specific
headers) that IP will attempt to send through the interface.
RIP: RIP v1, RIP v2, and RIP v2 Multicast. Check to enable RIP function.
TCP MSS Clamp: This option helps to discover the optimal MTU size automatically. Default is
enabled.
MAC Spoofing: Some service providers require the configuring of this option. You must fill in the
MAC address that is specified by the service provider when it is required. Default is disabled.
Obtain DNS: A Domain Name System (DNS) contains a mapping table for domain name and IP
addresses. DNS helps to find the IP address of a specific domain name. Check the checkbox to
obtain DNS automatically.
Primary DNS: Enter the primary DNS.
Secondary DNS: Enter the secondary DNS.
.
50
PPPoA Connection
Profile Port: Select the profile port as ADSL.
Protocol: The ATM protocol will be used in the device..
Description: A given name for the connection.
VPI/VCI: Enter the information provided by your ISP.
ATM Class: The Quality of Service for ATM layer.
Username: Enter the username provided by your ISP. You can input up to 128 alpha-numeric
characters (case sensitive). This is the format of username “username@ispname” instead of
“username”.
Password: Enter the password provided by your ISP. You can input up to 128 alpha-numeric
characters (case sensitive).
NAT: The NAT (Network Address Translation) feature allows multiple users to access the Internet
through a single IP account, sharing the single IP address. If users on your LAN have public IP
addresses and can access the Internet directly, the NAT function can be disabled.
IP (0.0.0.0:Auto): Your WAN IP address. Leave this at 0.0.0.0 to obtain automatically an IP
address from your ISP.
Auth. Protocol: Default is Auto. Your ISP should advises you on whether to use Chap or Pap.
Connection:
Always on: If you want the router to establish a PPPoA session when starting up and to au-
tomatically re-establish the PPPoA session when disconnected by the ISP.
Connect on Demand: If you want to establish a PPPoA session only when there is a packet
51
requesting access to the Internet (i.e. when a program on your computer attempts to access
the Internet).
Idle Timeout: Auto-disconnect the broadband firewall gateway when there is no activity on the line
for a predetermined period of time.
Detail: You can define the destination port and packet type (TCP/UDP) without checking by
timer. It allows you to set which outgoing traffic will not trigger and reset the idle timer.
MTU: Maximum Transmission Unit. The size of the largest datagram (excluding media-specific
headers) that IP will attempt to send through the interface.
RIP: RIP v1, RIP v2, and RIP v2 Multicast. Check to enable RIP function.
TCP MSS Clamp: This option helps to discover the optimal MTU size automatically. Default is
enabled.
Obtain DNS: A Domain Name System (DNS) contains a mapping table for domain name and IP
addresses. DNS helps to find the IP address of a specific domain name. Check the checkbox to
obtain DNS automatically.
Primary DNS: Enter the primary DNS.
Secondary DNS: Enter the secondary DNS.
52
MPoA Connection
PPPoE (PPP over Ethernet) provides access control in a manner similar to dial-up services using
PPP.
Profile Port: Select the profile port as ADSL.
Protocol: The ATM protocol will be used in the device.
Description: A given name for the connection.
VPI/VCI: Enter the information provided by your ISP.
ATM Class: The Quality of Service for ATM layer.
NAT: The NAT (Network Address Translation) feature allows multiple users to access the Internet
through a single IP account, sharing a single IP address. If users on your LAN have public IP
addresses and can access the Internet directly, the NAT function can be disabled.
Encap. method: Choose whether you want the packets in WAN interface as bridged packet or
routed packet.
MTU: Maximum Transmission Unit. The size of the largest datagram (excluding media-specific
headers) that IP will attempt to send through the interface.
IP (0.0.0.0:Auto): Specify an IP address allowed to logon and access the router’s web server.
Note: IP 0.0.0.0 indicates that all users who are connected to this router are allowed to logon
the device and to modify data.
Netmask: The default is 255.255.255.0. User can change it to other such as 255.255.255.128.
Type the subnet mask assigned to you by your ISP (if given).
Gateway: Enter the IP address of the default gateway (if given).
53
RIP: RIP v1, RIP v2, and RIP v2 Multicast. Check to enable RIP function.
TCP MSS Clamp: This option helps to discover the optimal MTU size automatically. Default is
enabled.
MAC Spoofing: Some service providers require the configuring of this option. You must fill in the
MAC address that specify by service provider when it is required. Default is disabled.
Obtain DNS: A Domain Name System (DNS) contains a mapping table for domain name and IP
addresses. DNS helps to find the IP address of a specific domain name. Check the checkbox to
obtain DNS automatically.
Primary DNS: Enter the primary DNS.
Secondary DNS: Enter the secondary DNS.
54
IPoA Routed Connection
Profile Port: Select the profile port as ADSL.
Protocol: The ATM protocol will be used in the device.
Description: A given name for the connection.
VPI/VCI: Enter the information provided by your ISP.
ATM Class: The Quality of Service for ATM layer.
NAT: The NAT (Network Address Translation) feature allows multiple users to access the Internet
through a single IP account, sharing a single IP address. If users on your LAN have public IP
addresses and can access the Internet directly, the NAT function can be disabled.
MTU: Maximum Transmission Unit. The size of the largest datagram (excluding media-specific
headers) that IP will attempt to send through the interface.
IP (0.0.0.0:Auto): Specify an IP address allowed to logon and access the router’s web server.
Note: IP 0.0.0.0 indicates all users who are connected to this router are allowed to logon the
device and modify data.
Netmask: The default is 255.255.255.0. User can change it to other such as 255.255.255.128.
Type the subnet mask assigned to you by your ISP (if given).
Gateway: Enter the IP address of the default gateway (if given).
RIP: RIP v1, RIP v2, and RIP v2 Multicast. Check to enable RIP function.
TCP MSS Clamp: This option helps to discover the optimal MTU size automatically. Default is
enabled.
55
Obtain DNS: A Domain Name System (DNS) contains a mapping table for domain name and IP
addresses. DNS helps to find the IP address of a specific domain name. Check the checkbox to
obtain DNS automatically.
Primary DNS: Enter the primary DNS.
Secondary DNS: Enter the secondary DNS
56
Pure Bridge
Profile Port: Select the profile port as ADSL.
Protocol: The ATM protocol will be used in the device.
Description: A given name for this connection.
VPI/VCI: Enter the information provided by your ISP.
ATM Class: The Quality of Service for ATM layer.
Encap. method: Choose whether you want the packets in WAN interface as bridged packet or
routed packet.
Acceptable Frame Type: Specify which kind of traffic goes through this connection, all traffic or
only VLAN tagged.
Filter Type: Specify the type of ethernet filtering performed by the named bridge interface.
All Allows all types of ethernet packets through the port.
IP Allows only IP/ARP types of ethernet packets through the port.
PPPoE Allows only PPPoE types of ethernet packets through the port.
57
Multiple Session
It allows user to have multiple PPPoE sessions on the same PVC. The device supports up to 4
sessions created at the same time. Also the user can still dial the PPPoE from the PC at the LAN
network and no limitation of sessions.
Note: The maximum PPP session number is limited by ISP. And the device will use the first PPPoE
sessions as default route, the user must create routing rules for other sessions manually.
Profile Port: Select the profile port as ADSL.
Protocol: The ATM protocol will be used in the device.
Description: A given name for the connection.
VPI/VCI: Enter the information provided by your ISP.
ATM Class: The Quality of Service for ATM layer.
Username: Enter the username provided by your ISP. You can input up to 128 alphanumeric
characters (case sensitive). This is in the format of “username@ispname” instead of simply
“username”.
Password: Enter the password provided by your ISP. You can input up to 128 alphanumeric
characters (case sensitive).
NAT: The NAT (Network Address Translation) feature allows multiple users to access the Internet
through a single IP account, sharing the single IP address. If users on your LAN have public IP
addresses and can access the Internet directly, the NAT function can be disabled.
58
IP (0.0.0.0:Auto): Your WAN IP address. Leave this at 0.0.0.0 to obtain automatically an IP
address from your ISP.
Auth. Protocol: Default is Auto. Your ISP should advise you on whether to use Chap or Pap.
Connection:
Always on: If you want the router to establish a multiple session when starting up and to
automatically re-establish the multiple session when disconnected by the ISP.
Connect on Demand: If you want to establish a multiple session only when there is a packet
requesting access to the Internet (i.e. when a program on your computer attempts to access
the Internet).
Idle Timeout: Auto-disconnect the broadband firewall gateway when there is no activity on the line
for a predetermined period of time.
Detail: You can define the destination port and packet type (TCP/UDP) without checking by
timer. It allows you to set which outgoing traffic will not trigger and reset the idle timer.
MTU: Maximum Transmission Unit. The size of the largest datagram (excluding media-specific
headers) that IP will attempt to send through the interface.
RIP: RIP v1, RIP v2, and RIP v2 Multicast. Check to enable RIP function.
TCP MSS Clamp: This option helps to discover the optimal MTU size automatically. Default is
enabled.
Obtain DNS: A Domain Name System (DNS) contains a mapping table for domain name and IP
addresses. DNS helps to find the IP address for the specific domain name. Check the checkbox
to obtain DNS automatically.
Primary DNS: Enter the primary DNS.
Secondary DNS: Enter the secondary DNS.
59
ADSL Mode
Connect Mode: This mode will automatically detect your ADSL line code, ADSL2+, ADSL2,
AnnexM2 and AnnexM2+, ADSL, All. Please keep the factory setting unless ADSL is detected as
the symptom of synchronization problem.
Modulation: It will automatically detect capability of your ADSL line mode. Please keep the
factory setting unless ADSL is detected as the symptom of synchronization problem.
Profile Type: Please keep the factory settings unless ADSL is detected as the symptom of low
link rate or unstable problems. You may need to change the profile setting to reach the best ADSL
line rate, it depends on the different DSLAM and location.
Activate Line: Aborting (false) your ADSL line and making it active (true) again for taking effect
with setting of Connect Mode.
Coding Gain: It reduces router’s transmit power which will effect to router’s downstream
performance. Higher the gain will increase the downstream rate but it sometimes causes unstable
ADSL line. The configurable ADSL coding gain is from 0 dB to 7dB, or automatic.
Tx Attenuation: It is the amount of power that modem (upstream) or DSLAM (downstream) is
using. The lower the power the better the performance will be in modem upstream.
60
System
Here are the items within the System section: Time Zone, Remote Access, Firmware Upgrade,
Backup/Restore, Restart and User Management.
Time Zone
The router does not have a real time clock on board; instead, it uses the Simple Network Time
Protocol (SNTP) to get the current time from an SNTP server outside your network. Choose your
local time zone, click Enable and click the Apply button. After a successful connection to the Internet,
the router will retrieve the correct local time from the SNTP server you have specified. If you prefer
to specify an SNTP server other than those in the list, simply enter its IP address as shown above.
Your ISP may provide an SNTP server for you to use.
Daylight Saving is also known as Summer Time Period. Many places in the world adapt it during
summer time to move one hour of daylight from morning to the evening in local standard time. Check
Enable checkbox to set your local time.
Resync Period (in minutes) is the periodic interval the router will wait before it re-synchronizes the
router’s time with that of the specified SNTP server. In order to avoid unnecessarily increasing the
load on your specified SNTP server you should keep the poll interval as high as possible – at the
absolute minimum every few hours or even days.
61
Remote Access
This feature enables system administrator to set the time interval where the router can be accessed
for administration purpose from a remote site (i.e. from outside your LAN).
If you wish to permanently enable remote access, set the time period to 0 minute.
Firmware Upgrade
Your router firmware is the software that enables it to operate and provides all its functionality. Think
of your router as a dedicated computer, and the firmware as the software it runs. Over time this
software may be improved and revised, and your router allows you to upgrade the software it runs
to take advantage of these changes.
Clicking on Browse will allow you to select the new firmware image file you have downloaded to
your PC. Once the correct file is selected, click Upgrade to update the firmware in your router.
62
Backup / Restore
This function allows you to save a backup of the current configuration of your router to a file on your
PC, or to restore a previously saved configuration. This is very useful if you wish to customize the
setting of the router, knowing in advance that you can always restore the setting if any mistakes do
occur. Therefore, It is advisable that you create a backup of the configuration of your router before
customizing its configuration.
Create a Router Configuration Backup
To create a backup of the setting, simply press the Backup button and specify the location on where
to save your configuration file. You may also change the name of the file if you wish to keep multiple
backups.
Restoring the Router Configuration
To restore the configuration of the router, press Browse to locate the configuration file from your PC.
Once the file has been located, click on the file then click on the Restore button to load the setting.
Note: You should only restore the setting with the files that have been created using the
Backup function with the most current firmware version. Settings files saved to your PC
should not be manually edited in any way.
63
Restart Router
Click Restart with option Current Settings to reboot your router (and restore your last saved
configuration).
If you wish to restart the router using the factory default settings (for example, after a firmware
upgrade or if you have saved an incorrect configuration), select Factory Default Settings to reset to
factory default settings.
You may also reset your router to factory settings by holding the small Reset pinhole button more
than 6 seconds on the back of your router.
Caution: After pressing the RESET button for more than 6 seconds, to be sure you power
cycle the device again.
64
User Management
In order to prevent unauthorized access to your router’s configuration interface, it requires that all
users are to login the GUI with a password. You can set up multiple user accounts, each with their
own password. You can Edit any existing user accounts and Add new user account to grant access
to the device configuration interface.
Edit Account Information
You can change the informations of any account whether the account is active or valid.
1. To edit an account, select the Edit radio button of the account to be edited. Once selected, all
information of that account will be displayed.
2. Delete the information to be edited and replace it with the new one.
3. When it is done, simply click on the Edit/ Delete button to save your changes.
Note: It is recommended that you change the password immediately to prevent security
breach to your GUI.
65
To Add an Account
1. Check the Valid checkbox, fill in all the information: User name, Comment (optional), Password,
Confirm Password.
2. When it is done, click the Add button.
To delete a user account:
1. Click on the Delete radio button of the account you want to delete.
2. Then click the Edit/Delete to confirm the deletion.
Note: You can delete any user account except for the default admin account. Thus there is
no delete radio button available for this account.
66
Firewall and Access Control
Your router includes a full SPI (Stateful Packet Inspection) firewall for Internet access controlling
from your LAN. This feature also protects your system from being attacked by hackers. When
using NAT, the router acts as a “natural” Internet firewall, as all PCs on your LAN will have their
own private IP addresses which is not directly accessible from the Internet. The router provides
three levels of security support.
NAT natural firewall: This masks LAN users’ IP addresses which are invisible to users on the
Internet, thus making it more difficult for a hacker to target a machine on your network. This natural
firewall is turned on when NAT function is enabled.
Firewall Security and Policy (General Settings): Inbound direction of Packet Filter rules to
prevent unauthorized computers or applications to access your local network from the Internet.
Intrusion Detection: Enable Intrusion Detection to detect, prevent and log malicious attacks.
Access Control: Prevent access from PCs on your local network:
Firewall Security and Policy (General Settings): Outbound direction of Packet Filter rules to
prevent unauthorized computers or applications from accessing the Internet.
URL Filter: To block PCs on your local network from unwanted websites.
Listed are the items under the Firewall section: General Settings, Packet Filter, Intrusion Detection,
URL Filter, IM/P2P Blocking and Firewall Log.
67
General Settings
You can choose to disable Firewall and still be able to access the URL Filter and IM/P2P Blocking
or enable the Firewall using the preset filter rules and modify the port filter rules as required. The
Packet Filter is used to filter packets based on Applications (Port) or IP addresses.
There are four policy options to choose from:
All blocked/User-defined: no predefined port or address filter rules by default, meaning that
all inbound (Internet to LAN) and outbound (LAN to Internet) packets will be blocked. Users
have to add their own filter rules to access the Internet.
High/Medium/Low security level: the predefined port filter rules for High, Medium and Low
security are displayed in the Port Filters of the Packet Filter.
Select either High, Medium or Low security level to enable Firewall protection. The only difference
between these three is the preset port filter rules in the Packet Filter. Firewall function is the same
for all levels; it is only the list of preset port filters that changes between each setting. For more detail
on level of preset port filter information, please refer to Table 1: Predefined Port Filter.
If you choose the preset security levels and add custom filters, the level of filter rules will be saved
and you do not need to re-configure the rules again if you disable or switch to the other security
level.
The “Block WAN Request” is a standalone function that is not affected by whether the security is
enabled or disabled. This is used to prevent any scan tools that might be from hackers.
68
Packet Filter
This function is only available when Firewall is enabled with one of the four security levels selected
(All blocked, High, Medium and Low). The preset port filter rules in the Packet Filter must be
modified accordingly to the level of security selected. See Table1: Predefined Port Filter for more
detail information.
69
Example: Predefined Port Filters Rules
The predefined port filter rules for High, Medium and Low security levels are listed. See Table 1.
Note: Firewall – All Blocked/User-defined, you must define and create the port filter rules
yourself. No predefined rule is being preconfigured.
Table 1: Predefined Port Filter
Application
Protocol Port
Number Firewall -
Low Firewall -
Medium Firewall –
High
HTTP(80) TCP(6) 80 80 NO YES NO YES NO YES
DNS(53) UDP 53 53 NO YES NO YES NO YES
DNS(53) TCP(6) 53 53 NO YES NO YES NO YES
FTP(21) TCP(6) 21 21 NO YES NO YES NO NO
Telnet(23) TCP(6) 23 23 NO YES NO YES NO NO
SMPT(25) TCP(6) 25 25 NO YES NO YES NO YES
POP3(110) TCP(6) 110 110 NO YES NO YES NO YES
NEWS(NNTP) TCP(6) 119 119 NO YES NO YES NO NO
PING ICMP(1) N/A N/A NO YES NO YES NO YES
H.323(1720) TCP(6) 1720 1720 YES YES NO YES NO NO
T.120(1503) TCP(6) 1503 1503 YES YES NO YES NO NO
SSH(22) TCP(6) 22 22 NO YES NO YES NO NO
NTP/SNTP UDP(17) 123 123 NO YES NO YES NO YES
HTTP/HTTP
Proxy(8080) TCP(6) 8080 8080 NO YES NO NO NO NO
HTTPS(443) TCP(6) 443 443 NO YES NO YES N/A N/A
ICQ(5190) TCP(6) 5190 5190 YES YES N/A N/A N/A N/A
MSN(1863) TCP(6) 1863 1863 YES YES N/A N/A N/A N/A
MSN(7001) UDP(17) 7001 7001 YES YES N/A N/A N/A N/A
MSN VEDIO TCP(6) 9000 9000 NO YES N/A N/A N/A N/A
Inbound: Internet to LAN
Outbound: LAN to Internet
YES: Allowed
NO: Blocked
N/A: Not Applicable
70
Packet Filter – Add TCP/UDP Filter
Rule Name Helper: User defined description for entry identification. You may also choose from
the Select drop-down menu for an existing predefined rule. The maximum name length is 32
characters.
Time Schedule: A self defined time period. You may specify a time schedule for your prioritization
policy. For setup and detail, refer to Time Schedule section.
Source IP Address(es) / Destination IP Address(es): This is the Address-Filter used to allow or
block traffic to/from particular IP address(es). Select the Subnet Mask of the IP address range you
wish to allow/block the traffic to or form. Set the IP address and Subnet Mask to 0.0.0.0 to inactive
the Address-Filter rule.
Tip: To block access, to/from a single IP address, enter that IP address as the Host IP
Address and use a Host Subnet Mask of “255.255.255.255”.
Type: It is the packet protocol type used by the application, select TCP, UDP or both TCP/UDP.
Protocol Number: Insert the port number.
Source Port: This Port or Port Ranges defines the port allowed to be used by the Remote/WAN to
connect to the application. Default is set from range 0 ~ 65535. It is recommended that this option
be configured by an advanced user.
Destination Port: This is the Port or Port Ranges that defines the application.
Inbound / Outbound: Select Allow or Block the access to the Internet (“Outbound”) or from the
Internet (“Inbound”).
When all changes is made, click Add button to apply your changes.
71
Packet Filter – Add Raw IP Filter
Go to “Type” drop-down menu, select “Use Protocol Number”.
Rule Name Helper: User defined description for entry identification. You may also choose from
the Select drop-down menu for an existing predefined rule.
Time Schedule: A self defined time period. You may specify a time schedule for your
prioritization policy. For setup and detail, refer to Time Schedule section.
Source IP Address(es) / Destination IP Address(es): This is the Address-Filter used to allow or
block traffic to/from particular IP address(es). Select the Subnet Mask of the IP address range you
wish to allow/block the traffic to or form; set IP address and Subnet Mask to 0.0.0.0 to inactive the
Address-Filter rule.
Tip: To block access to/from a single IP address, enter that IP address as the Host IP
Address and use a Host Subnet Mask of “255.255.255.255”.
Type: It is the packet protocol type used by the application, select TCP, UDP or both TCP/UDP.
Protocol Number: Insert the port number, i.e. GRE 47.
Source Port: This Port or Port Ranges defines the port allowed to be used by the Remote/WAN to
connect to the application. Default is set from range 0 ~ 65535. It is recommended that this option
be configured by an advanced user.
Destination Port: This is the Port or Port Ranges that defines the application.
Inbound / Outbound: Select Allow or Block the access to the Internet (“Outbound”) or from the
Internet (“Inbound”).
When all changes is made, click Add button to apply your changes.
72
Example: Configuring your firewall to allow a publicly accessible web server on your LAN
The predefined port filter rule for HTTP (TCP port 80) is the same whether the firewall is set to a
high, medium or low security level. To setup a web server located on the local network when the
firewall is enabled, you have to configure the Port Filters setting for HTTP.
As you can see from the diagram below, when the firewall is enabled with one of the three presets
(Low/Medium/High) security level selected, an inbound HTTP access is not allowed which means
remote access through HTTP to your router is not allowed.
Note: Inbound indicates accessing from the Internet to LAN and Outbound is from LAN to
the Internet.
73
Configuring Packet Filter:
1. Click Packet Filters. You will then be presented with the predefined port filter rules screen (in
this case for the low security level), shown below:
Note: You may click Edit the predefined rule instead of Delete it. This is an example to show
to how you add a filter on your own.
2. If you want to delete a filter rule, select the delete radio button of the HTTP rule you want to
delete. Then click the Edit/Delete button to delete the rule.
74
3. To add a new rule, Input the Rule Name, Time Schedule, Source/Destination IP, Type, Source/
Destination Port, Inbound and Outbound. Then click the Add button.
75
Intrusion Detection
The router Intrusion Detection System (IDS) is used to detect hacker’s attack and intrusion
attempts from the Internet. If the IDS function of the firewall is enabled, inbound packets are
filtered and blocked depending on whether they are detected as possible hacker attacks, intrusion
attempts or other connections that the router determines to be suspicious.
Blacklist: If the router detects a possible attack, the source IP or destination IP address will be
added to the Blacklist. Any further attempts using this IP address will be blocked for the time
period specified in the Block Duration. The default setting for this function is false (disabled). Some
types of attack are denied immediately without using the Blacklist function, such as Land attack
and Echo/CharGen scan.
Intrusion Detection: If enabled, IDS will block Smurf attack attempts. Default is false.
Block Duration:
Victim Protection Block Duration: This is the duration for blocking Smurf attacks. Default
value is 600 seconds.
Scan Attack Block Duration: This is the duration for blocking hosts that attempt a possible
Scan attack. Scan attack types include X’mas scan, IMAP SYN/FIN scan and similar at-
tempts. Default value is 86400 seconds.
DoS Attack Block Duration: This is the duration for blocking hosts that attempt a possible
Denial of Service (DoS) attack. Possible DoS attacks this attempts to block include Ascend
Kill and WinNuke. Default value is 1800 seconds.
Max TCP Open Handshaking Count: This is a threshold value to decide whether a SYN Flood
attempt is occurring or not. Default value is 100 TCP SYN per seconds.
Max PING Count: This is a threshold value to decide whether an ICMP Echo Storm is occurring or
not. Default value is 15 ICMP Echo Requests (PING) per second.
Max ICMP Count: This is a threshold to decide whether an ICMP flood is occurring or not. Default
value is 100 ICMP packets per seconds except ICMP Echo Requests (PING).
76
For SYN Flood, ICMP Echo Storm and ICMP flood, IDS will just warn the user in the Event Log. It
cannot protect against such attacks.
Table 2: Hacker attack types recognized by the IDS
Intrusion Name Detect Parameter Blacklist Type of Block
Duration Drop Packet Show Log
Ascend Kill Ascend Kill data Src IP DoS Yes Yes
WinNuke TCP
Port 135, 137~139,
Flag: URG Src IP DoS Yes Yes
Smurf ICMP type 8
Des IP is broadcast Dst IP Victim
Protection Yes Yes
Land attack SrcIP = DstIP Yes Yes
Echo/CharGen Scan UDP Echo Port and
CharGen Port Yes Yes
Echo Scan UDP Dst Port =
Echo(7) Src IP Scan Yes Yes
CharGen Scan UDP Dst Port =
CharGen(19) Src IP Scan Yes Yes
X’mas Tree Scan TCP Flag: X’mas Src IP Scan Yes Yes
IMAP
SYN/FIN Scan
TCP Flag: SYN/FIN
DstPort: IMAP(143)
SrcPort: 0 or 65535 Src IP Scan Yes Yes
SYN/FIN/RST/ACK
Scan
TCP,
No Existing session
A
nd Scan Hosts
more than five.
Src IP Scan Yes Yes
Net Bus Scan
TCP
No Existing session
DstPort = Net Bus
12345,12346, 3456
SrcIP Scan Yes Yes
Back Orifice Scan UDP, DstPort =
Orifice Port (31337) SrcIP Scan Yes Yes
SYN Flood
Max TCP Open
Handshaking
Count (Default 100
c/sec)
Yes
ICMP Flood Max ICMP Count
(Default 100 c/sec) Yes
ICMP Echo Max PING Count
(Default 15 c/sec) Yes
Src IP: Source IP
Src Port: Source Port
Dst Port: Destination Port
Dst IP: Destination IP
77
URL Filter
URL (Uniform Resource Locator) (e.g. an address in the form of http://www.abcde.com or http://
www.example.com) filter rule allows you to prevent users on your network from accessing specific
websites defined by their URL. There are no predefined URL filter rules, therefore you can add filter
rules to meet your requirements.
Enable/Disable: Select to enable or disable URL Filter feature.
Block Mode: A list of the modes that you can choose from to check the URL filter rules. The default
is set to Always On.
Disabled: No action will be performed by the Block Mode.
Always On: Action is enabled. URL filter rules will be monitoring and checking at all hours of
the day.
TimeSlot1 ~ TimeSlot16: It is a self defined time period. You may specify the time period
to check the URL filter rules, i.e. during working hours. For setup and detail, refer to Time
Schedule section.
Keywords Filtering: Allow blocking against specific keywords within a particular URL rather than
having to specify a complete URL (e.g. to block any image called “advertisement.gif”). When enabled,
your specified keywords list will be checked to see if any keywords are present in URLs accessed
to determine if the connection attempt should be blocked. Please note that the URL filter blocks web
browser (HTTP) connection attempts using port 80 only.
78
For example, if the URL is http://www.abc.com/abcde.html, the connection will be dropped if
the keyword “abcde” occurs in the URL.
Domains Filtering: This function checks the whole URL address but not the IP address against
your list of domains to block or allow. If it is matched, the URL request will either be sent (Trusted)
or dropped (Forbidden). For this function to be activated, both enable and disable checkboxes of
Domain Filtering must be checked. Here is the checking procedure:
1. Check the domain in the URL to determine if it is in the trusted list. If yes, the connection attempt
is sent to the remote web server.
2. If not, check if it is listed in the forbidden list. If yes, then the connection attempt will be
dropped.
3. If the packet does not match either of the above two conditions, it is sent to the remote web
server.
4. Please be noted that the completed URL, “www” + domain name should be specific. e.g.: In
order to block traffic to www.google.com.au, enter “www.google” or “www.google.com”
In the example below, the URL request for www.abc.com will be sent to the remote web server
because it is listed in the trusted list, whilst the URL request for www.google or www.google.com
will be dropped, because www.google is in the forbidden list.
79
Example:
Andy wishes to disable all WEB traffic except for the ones listed in the trusted domain, which would
prevent Bobby from accessing other websites. Andy selects both conditions in the Domain Filtering
thinking that this will stop Bobby. But Bobby knows this function, Domain Filtering, ONLY disables
all WEB traffic except for Trusted Domain, BUT not its IP address. If this is the situation, Block
surfing by IP address function can become helpful. Now, Andy can successfully prevent Bobby from
accessing other websites.
Restrict URL Features: This function enhances the restriction to your URL rules.
Block Java Applet: This function can block Web content that includes Java Applets. It is to
prevent someone who wants to damage your system via standard HTTP protocol.
Block surfing by IP address: A further restriction against someone who uses IP address
as URL to cheat around the Domains Filtering rule. Activates only if Domain Filtering is en-
abled.
80
IM / P2P Blocking
IM, short for Instant Message, is a client software that allows users to communicate & exchange
text messages with other IM users in real time over the Internet. A P2P application, known as Peer-
to-peer, is group of users who share their files with each other within the network over the Internet
across the globe. Both Instant Message and Peer-to-peer applications make communication faster
and easier but your network can become increasingly insecure at the same time. Billion’s IM and
P2P blocking helps users to restrict LAN PCs to access the commonly used IM, Yahoo and MSN,
and P2P, BitTorrent and eDonkey, applications over the Internet.
Instant Message Blocking: The default is set to Disabled.
Disabled: Instant Message blocking is not triggered. No action will be performed.
Always On: Action is enabled.
TimeSlot1 ~ TimeSlot16: This is the self defined time period. You may specify the time
period to trigger the blocking, i.e. during working hours. For setup and detail, refer to Time
Schedule section.
Yahoo/MSN Messenger: Check the checkbox to block either or both Yahoo or/and MSN Messenger.
To be sure you enabled the Instant Message Blocking first.
Peer to Peer Blocking: The default is set to Disabled.
Disabled: Instant Message blocking is not triggered. No action will be performed.
Always On: Action is enabled.
TimeSlot1 ~ TimeSlot16: This is the self defined time period. You may specify the time period
to trigger the blocking, i.e. during working hours. For setup and detail, refer to Time Schedule
section.
BitTorrent / eDonkey: Check the checkbox to block either or both Bit Torrent or/and eDonkey. To
be sure you enabled the Peer to Peer Blocking first.
81
Firewall Log
Firewall Log displays a log that contains information of any unexpected actions that occur to your
firewall settings.
Check the Enable checkbox to activate event logging.
Log information can be seen in the Status – Event Log after the feature is enabled.
82
QoS - Quality of Service
QoS function helps you to control the network traffic of each application from LAN (Ethernet and/
or Wireless) to WAN (Internet). It facilitates you the features to control the quality and speed of
throughput for each application when the system is running with full upstream load.
These are the items within the QoS section: Prioritization, Outbound IP Throttling & Inbound
IP Throttling (bandwidth management).
Prioritization
There are three priority settings to be provided in the Router:
High
Normal (The default is normal priority for all of traffic without setting)
Low
The utilization percentage of each priority settings are High (60%), Normal (30%) and Low (10%).
To delete an application, you can click on the Delete radio button of the application and then click
the Edit/Delete button.
Name: User defined description to identify the new policy/application created.
Time Schedule: Schedule your prioritization policy.
Priority: The priority given to each policy/application. Its default setting is set to High. You may
adjust this setting to fit your policy / application.
Protocol: The name of the supported protocol.
Source IP Address Range: The source IP address or the range of the packets to be monitored.
Source Port: The source port of the packets to be monitored.
83
Destination IP address Range: The destination IP address or range of packets to be
monitored.
Destination Port: The destination port of the packets to be monitored.
DSCP Marking: Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP), it is the first 6 bits in the
ToS byte. DSCP Marking allows users to classify the traffic of the application to be
executed according to the DSCP value. See Table 4 for DSCP Mapping Table.
Note: Make sure that the router(s) in the network backbone are capable to execute
and check the DSCP throughout the QoS network.
Table 4: DSCP Mapping Table
DSCP Mapping Table
(Wireless) ADSL Router Standard DSCP
Disabled None
Best Effort Best Effort (000000)
Premium Express Forwarding (101110)
Gold service (L) Class 1, Gold (001010)
Gold service (M) Class 1, Silver (001100)
Gold service (H) Class 1, Bronze (001110)
Silver service (L) Class 2, Gold (010010)
Silver service (M) Class 2, Silver (010100)
Silver service (H) Class 2, Bronze (010110)
Bronze service (L) Class 3, Gold (011010)
Bronze service (M) Class 3, Silver (011100)
Bronze service (H) Class 3, Bronze (011110)
84
Outbound IP Throttling (LAN to WAN)
IP Throttling allows you to limit the speed of the IP traffic. The value entered in the Rate
Limit blank will set the speed limitation of the application.
Name: User defined description to identify the new policy/name created.
Time Schedule: Schedule your prioritization policy. Refer to Time Schedule for more
information.
Protocol: The name of the supported protocol.
Rate Limit: To limit the speed of the outbound traffic.
Source IP Address Range: The source IP address or the range of packets to be
monitored.
Source Port(s): The source port of the packets to be monitored.
Destination IP Address Range: The destination IP address or the range of packets to be
monitored.
Destination Port(s): The destination port of the packets to be monitored.
85
Inbound IP Throttling (WAN to LAN)
IP Throttling allows you to limit the speed of the IP traffic. The value entered in the Rate Limit blank
will set the speed limitation of the application.
Name: User defined description to identify the new policy/application created.
Time Schedule: Schedule your prioritization policy. Refer to Time Schedule for more
information.
Protocol: The name of the supported protocol.
Rate Limit: To limit the speed of the inbound traffic.
Source IP Address Range: The source IP address or the range of the packets to be monitored.
Source Port(s): The source port of the packets to be monitored.
Destination IP Address Range: The destination IP address or the range of the packets to be
monitored.
Destination Port(s): The destination port of the packets to be monitored.
86
Example: QoS for your Network
Connection Diagram
VoIP
Normal PCs
Restricted PC
87
Information and Settings
Upstream: 928 kbps
Downstream: 8 Mbps
VoIP User : 192.168.1.1
Normal Users : 192.168.1.2~192.168.1.5
Restricted User: 192.168.1.100
88
Mission-critical application
Mostly the VPN connection is mission-critical application for doing data exchange between head
and branch office.
The mission-critical application must be sent out smoothly without any drop out. Set the level of
priority as high to prevent other applications from saturating the bandwidth.
Voice application
Voice is latency-sensitive application. Most VoIP devices are use SIP protocol and the port
number will be assigned by SIP module automatically. Better to use fixed IP address for catching
VoIP packets as high priority.
The setting above will help to improve the quality of your VoIP service when the the traffic is fully
loaded.
89
Restricted Application
Some companies will setup their FTP servers for data download while others may use FTP for file
sharing.
The setting above helps to limit the utilization of the FTP upstream rate. Time schedule also helps
to limit its utilization only during daytime.
Advanced setting by using IP throttling
IP throttling enables you to set parameters for bandwidth allocation, although the applications
maybe located on the same level.
Upstream: 928kbps (29*32kbps)
Mission-critical Application: 192kbps (6*32kbps)
Voice Application: 128kbps (4*32kbps)
Restricted Application: 160kbps (5*32kbps)
Other Applications: 448kbps (14*32kbps)
6+4+14+5=29, 29*32kbps=928kbps
90
Sometime your customers or friends may upload their files to your FTP server and that will
saturate your downstream bandwidth. The settings below help you to limit bandwidth for the
restricted application.
91
Virtual Server (known as Port Forwarding)
In TCP/IP and UDP networks, a port is a 16-bit number used to identify which application program
(usually a server) incoming connections should be delivered to. Some ports have numbers that
are pre-assigned to them by the IANA (the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority), and these are
referred to as “well-known ports”. Servers follow the well-known port assignments so clients can
locate them.
If you wish to run a server on your network that can be accessed from the WAN (i.e. from other
machines on the Internet that are outside your local network), or any application that can accept
incoming connections (e.g. Peer-to-peer/P2P software such as instant messaging applications
and P2P file-sharing applications) and are using NAT (Network Address Translation), then you will
usually need to configure your router to forward these incoming connection attempts using specific
ports to the PC on your network running the application. You will also need to use port forwarding
if you want to host an online game server.
The reason for this is that when using NAT, your publicly accessible IP address will be used by
and point to your router, which then needs to deliver all traffic to the private IP addresses used by
your PCs. Please see the WAN configuration section of this manual for more information on NAT.
The device can be configured as a virtual server so that remote users accessing services such
as Web or FTP services via the public (WAN) IP address can be automatically redirected to local
servers in the LAN network. Depending on the requested service (TCP/UDP port number), the
device redirects the external service request to the appropriate server within the LAN network.
92
Add Virtual Server
Because NAT can act as a “natural” Internet firewall, your router protects your network from being
accessed by outside users when using NAT, as all incoming connection attempts will point to your
router unless you specifically create Virtual Server entries to forward those ports to a PC on your
network.
When your router needs to allow an outside user to access the internal server, e.g. a web server,
FTP server, Email server or game server, the router can act as a virtual server. You can set up a
local server with a specific port number for this service, e.g. web/HTTP (port 80), FTP (port 21),
Telnet (port 23), SMTP (port 25), or POP3 (port 110). When an incoming access request to the
router for a specified port is received, it will be forwarded to the corresponding internal server.
Application: User defined description to identify this entry or click the Application drop-down
menu to select an existing predefined rules.
: 20 predefined rules are available. Application, Protocol and External/Redirect
Ports will be filled after the selection.
Protocol: It is the supported protocol for the virtual server. In addition to specifying the port
number to be used, you will also need to specify the protocol used. The protocol used is
determined by a particular application. Most applications will use TCP or UDP.
Time Schedule: User defined time period to enable your virtual server. You may specify a time
schedule or select “Always on” for this Virtual Server Entry. For setup and detail, refer to Time
Schedule section.
External Port: The Port number on the Remote/WAN side used when accessing the virtual
server.
Redirect Port: The Port number used by the Local server in the LAN network.
Internal IP Address: The private IP in the LAN network, which will be providing the virtual server
application. List all existing PCs connecting to the network. You may assign a PC
with IP address and MAC from this list.
93
Example:
If you like to remotely access your Router through the Web/HTTP all the time, you will need to
enable port number 80 (Web/HTTP) and map to the Router’s IP Address. Then all incoming
HTTP requests from you (Remote side) will be forwarded to the Router with an IP address of
192.168.1.254. Since port number 80 has already been predefined, next to the Application click
Helper. A window with a list of predefined rules will pop, you can then select HTTP_Sever.
Application: HTTP_Sever
Time Schedule: Always On
Protocol: tcp
External Port: 80-80
Redirect Port: 80-80
IP Address: 192.168.1.254
Add: Click it to apply your settings.
Edit/Delete: Click it to edit or delete this virtual server application.
94
Edit DMZ Host
DMZ Host is a local computer that is exposed to the Internet. When setting a particular internal IP
address as the DMZ Host, all incoming packets especially those that do not use the port number
that is being used by any other Virtual Server entries will be checked by the Firewall and NAT
algorithms before being passed to the DMZ host.
Cautious: The local computer that is exposed to the Internet may face various security
risks.
Go to Configuration > Virtual Server > Edit DMZ Host
Enabled: It activates your DMZ function.
Disabled: As set in default setting, it disables the DMZ function.
Internal IP Address: Give a static IP address to the DMZ Host when Enabled radio button is
checked. Be aware that this IP will be exposed to the WAN/Internet.
List all the existing PCs connected to the network. You may assign a PC with an IP address
from this list.
Select the Apply button to apply your changes.
95
Edit One-to-One NAT (Network Address Translation)
One-to-One NAT maps a specific private / local IP address to a global / public IP address.
If you have multiple public / WAN IP addresses from your ISP, you are eligible to use these IP
addresses in One-to-One NAT .
Go to Configuration > Virtual Server > Edit One-to-one NAT
NAT Type: Select the desired NAT type. One-to-One NAT function is set to Disabled by default.
Global IP Address:
Subnet: The subnet of the public/WAN IP address given by your ISP. If your ISP has pro-
vided this information, you may insert it here. Otherwise, use IP Range method.
IP Range: The IP address range of your public/WAN IP addresses. For example, IP:
1.1.1.1, end IP: 1.1.1.10
Select the Apply button to apply your changes.
Check to create a new One-to-One NAT rule:
96
Application: User defined description to identify this entry or click the drop-down menu
to select an existing predefined rule.
:20 predefined rules are available. Application, Protocol and External/Redirect Ports
will be filled after the selection.
Protocol: It is the supported protocol for the virtual server. In addition to specifying the port
number to be used, you will also need to specify the protocol used. The protocol used is
determined by the particular application. Most applications will use TCP or UDP.
Time Schedule: User defined time period to enable your virtual server. You may specify a time
schedule or select “Always on” for this Virtual Server Entry. For setup and detail, refer to Time
Schedule section.
Global IP: Define a public / WAN IP address for this Application. This Global IP address must be
defined in the Global IP Address blank.
External Port: The Port number on the Remote / WAN side used when accessing the virtual
server.
Redirect Port: The Port number used by the Local server in the LAN network.
Internal IP Address: The private IP in the LAN network which provides the virtual server
application. List all the existing PCs connecting to the network. You may assign a
PC with an IP address from this list.
Select the Add button to apply your changes.
97
Example: List of some well-known and registered port numbers.
The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is the central coordinator for the assignment
of unique parameter values for Internet protocols. Port numbers range from 0 to 65535, but only
ports numbers 0 to 1023 are reserved for privileged services and are designated as “well-known
ports” (Please refer to Table 5). The registered ports are numbered from 1024 through 49151. The
remaining ports, referred to as dynamic or private ports, are numbered from 49152 through 65535.
For further information, please see IANA’s website at http://www.iana.org/assignments/port-
numbers
For help on determining which private port numbers are used by common applications on this list,
please see the FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions) at http://www.billion.com
Table 5: Well-known and registered Ports
Port Number Protocol Description
20 TCP FTP Data
21 TCP FTP Contro
22 TCP & UDP SSH Remote Login Protocol
23 TCP Telnet
25 TCP SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)
53 TCP & UDP DNS (Domain Name Server)
69 UDP TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol)
80 TCP World Wide Web HTTP
110 TCP POP3 (Post Office Protocol Version 3)
119 TCP NEWS (Network News Transfer Protocol)
123 UDP NTP (Network Time Protocol) / SNTP (Simple
Network Time Protocol)
161 TCP SNMP
443 TCP & UDP HTTPS
1503 TCP T.120
1720 TCP H.323
4000 TCP ICQ
7070 UDP RealAudio
98
Wake on LAN
This feature provides greater flexibility for users to turn on / boot the computer of the network from
a remotely site.
MAC Address: Enter the MAC address of the target computer or you can select the MAC address
directly from the Select drop down menu on the right.
: You can select the MAC from this list.
99
Time Schedule
The Time Schedule supports up to 16 time slots which helps you to manage your Internet
connection. In each time profile, you may schedule specific day(s) i.e. Monday through Sunday to
restrict or allow the use of the Internet by users or applications.
Time Schedule correlates closely with router time. Since router does not have a real time clock
on board, it uses the Simple Network Time Protocol (SNTP) to get the current time from an SNTP
server. Refer to Time Zone for details. Your router time should correspond with your local time. If
the time is not set correctly, your Time Schedule will not function properly.
100
Configuration of Time Schedule
Edit a Time Slot
1. Choose any Time Slot (ID 1 to ID 16) to edit, click Edit radio button.
Note: Watch it carefully, the days you have selected will present in capital letter. Lower case
letter shows the day(s) is not selected, and no rule will apply on this day(s).
2. A detailed setting of this Time Slot will be shown.
ID: This is the index of the time slot.
Name: A user defined description to identify this time portfolio.
Day in a week: The default is set from Monday through Friday. You may also specify the days for
the schedule to be applied to.
Start Time: The default is set at 8:00 AM. You may specify the start time of the schedule.
End Time: The default is set at 18:00 (6:00PM). You may specify the end time of the schedule.
Choose Edit radio button and click Edit/Delete button to apply your changes.
101
Delete a Time Slot
Click on the Delete radio button of the Time Slot you wish to delete under the Time Slot section, and
then click the Edit/Delete button to confirm the deletion of the selected Time profile, i.e. erase the
Day and back to default setting of Start Time / End Time.
102
Advanced
Configuration options within the Advanced section are for users who wish to take advantage of
the more advanced features of the router. Users who do not understand the features should not
attempt to reconfigure their router, unless advised to do so by support staff.
These are the items within the Advanced section: Static Route, Static ARP, Dynamic DNS,
Check Email, Device Management and IGMP.
Static Route
Go to Configuration > Advanced > Static Route.
Destination: This is the destination subnet IP address.
Netmask: Subnet mask of the destination IP addresses based on the above destination subnet IP.
Gateway: This is the gateway IP address to which packets are to be forwarded.
Interface: Select the interface through which packets are to be forwarded.
Cost: This is the same meaning as Hop. This should usually be left at 1.
103
Static ARP
IP Address: Fill in the IP address of the host computer that is sending the data packet.
MAC Address: Fill in the MAC address of the computer that the incoming data packets are to be
forwarded.
104
Dynamic DNS
The Dynamic DNS function allows you to alias a dynamic IP address to a static hostname,
allowing users whose ISP does not assign them a static IP address to use a domain name. This is
especially useful for hosting servers via your connection, so that anyone wishing to connect to you
may use your domain name, rather than having to use your dynamic IP address, which changes
from time to time. This dynamic IP address is the WAN IP address of the router, which is assigned
to you by your ISP.
You will first need to register and establish an account with the Dynamic DNS provider using their
website, for example http://www.dyndns.org/
There are more than 5 DDNS services supported.
Dynamic DNS:
Disable: Check to disable the Dynamic DNS function.
Enable: Check to enable the Dynamic DNS function. The following fields will be activated and
required.
Dynamic DNS Server: Select the DDNS service you have established an account with.
Domain Name, Username and Password: Enter your registered domain name and your username
and password for this service.
Period: Set the time period between updates, for the Router to exchange information with the DDNS
server. In addition to updating periodically as per your settings, the router will perform an update
when your dynamic IP address changes.
105
Check Email
This function allows you to have the router check your POP3 mailbox for new Email messages. The
Mail LED on your router will light when it detects new messages waiting for download. You may
also view the status of this function using the Status – Email Checking section of the web interface,
which also provides details on the number of new messages waiting. See the Status section of this
manual for more information.
Check Email:
Disable: Check to disable the Email checking function.
Enable: Check to enable the Email checking function. The following fields will be activated
and required.
Account Name: Enter the name (login) of the POP3 account you wish to check. Normally, it is the
text in your email address before the "@" symbol. If you have trouble with it, please contact your
ISP.
Password: Enter the account’s password.
POP3 Mail Server: Enter your (POP) mail server name. You Internet Service Provider (ISP) or
network administrator will be able to supply you with this.
Period: Enter the value in minutes between periodic mail checks.
Dial-out for checking Emails: When the function is enabled, your ADSL router will connect to your
ISP automatically to check emails if your Internet connection dropped. Please be careful when
using this feature if your ADSL service is charged by time online.
106
Device Management
The Device Management advanced configuration setting allows you to control your router security
option and device monitoring features.
Device Host Name
Host Name: Assign it a name.
Note: The Host Name must have more than a word. These two words should be connected
with a ‘.’ period inbetween.
Example:
Host Name: homegateway ==> Incorrect
Host Name: home.gateway or my.home.gateway ==> Correct)
107
Embedded Web Server ( 2 Management IP Accounts)
HTTP Port: This is the port number that the router embedded web server (for web-based
configuration) will use. The default value is the standard HTTP port 80. Users may specify an
alternative if, for example, they are running a web server on a PC within their LAN.
Management IP Address: You may specify an IP address for logon and access the router web
server. Setting the IP address to 0.0.0.0 will disable IP address restrictions, allowing users to login
from any IP address.
Expire to auto-logout: Specify a duration for the system to log the user out of the configuration
session automatically.
For Example:
User A changes the HTTP port number to 100, specifies their own IP address as 192.168.1.55
and sets the logout time as 100 seconds. The router will only allow User A to access the Web
GUI from the IP address 192.168.1.55 by typing http://192.168.1.254:100 in their web browser.
Nevertheless, after 100 seconds the device will automatically log User A out of the system.
Universal Plug and Play (UPnP)
UPnP offers peer-to-peer network connectivity for PCs and other network devices, along with
control and data transfer featuers between devices. UPnP offers many advantages for users that
run NAT routers through UPnP NAT Traversal and on supported systems. This makes tasks such
as port forwarding become easier by letting the application control the required settings & remove
the need for the user to control the advanced configuration of their device.
Both operating system and the relevant application must support UPnP in addition to the router.
Windows XP and Windows ME natively support UPnP (when the component is installed) while
Windows 98 users may install the Internet Connection Sharing client from Windows XP in order to
gain support for UPnP. Nevertheless Windows 2000 does not support UPnP.
Disable: Check to disable the router’s UPnP functionality.
Enable: Check to enable the router’s UPnP functionality.
UPnP Port: Its default setting is 2800. It is highly recommended for users to use this port value. If
this value conflicts with other ports already being used, you may wish to change the port.
SNMP Access Control (Software on a PC within the LAN is required in order to utilize this
function) – Simple Network Management Protocol.
SNMP V1 and V2:
Read Community: Specify a name to be identified as the Read Community and an IP address.
This community string will be checked against the string entered in the configuration file. Once the
string name is matched, user with this IP address will be able to view the data.
Write Community: Specify a name to be identified as the Write Community and an IP address.
This community string will be checked against the string entered in the configuration file. Once the
string name is matched, users with this IP address will be able to view and modify the data.
Trap Community: Specify a name to be identified as the Trap Community and an IP address.
This community string will be checked against the string entered in the configuration file. Once the
string name is matched, users with this IP address will be sent SNMP Traps.
SNMP V3:
Specify a name and password for authentication and define the access right from an identified IP
address. Once the authentication has succeeded, users with this IP address will be able to view
and modify the data.
108
SNMP Version: SNMPv2c and SNMPv3
SNMPv2c is the combination of the enhanced protocol features of SNMPv2 without the SNMPv2
security. The “c” comes from the fact that SNMPv2c uses the SNMPv1 community string paradigm
for “security”, but is widely accepted as the SNMPv2 standard.
SNMPv3 is a strong authentication mechanism, authorization with fine granularity for remote
monitoring.
Traps supported: Cold Start, Authentication Failure.
The following MIBs are supported:
From RFC 1213 (MIB-II)System group
System group
Interface group
Address Translation group
IP group
ICMP Group
TCP group
UDP group
EGP (not applicable)
Transmission
SNMP group
From RFC 1650 (EtherLike-MIB)
dot3stats
From RFC 1493 (Bridge MIB)
dot1 dBase group
dot1 dTp group
dot1 dStp group (if configured as span-
ning tree)
From RFC 1472 (PPP/Security MIB)
PPP security group
From RFC 1473 (PPP/IP MIB)
PPP IP group
From RFC 1474 (PPP/Bridge MIB)
PPP Bridge group
From RFC 1573 (IfMIB)
ifMIBObjects group
From RFC 1695 (atmMIB)
atmMIBObjects
From RFC 1907 (SNMPv2)
only snmpSetSerialNo OID
From RFC 1471 (PPP/LCP MIB)
pppLink group
pppLgr group (not applicable)
109
IGMP
IGMP, known as Internet Group Management Protocol, is used to manage hosts from multicast
group.
IGMP Forwarding: Accepting multicast packet. Default is set to Enable.
IGMP Snooping: Allowing switched Ethernet to check and make correct forwarding decisions.
Default is set to Disable.
VLAN Bridge
This section allows you to create VLAN group and specify the members of each group.
Edit: Edit your member ports in selected VLAN group.
Create VLAN: To create another VLAN group.
110
Logout
To exit the router web interface, choose Logout. Please save your configuration setting before
logging out of the system.
Be aware that the router configuration interface can only be accessed by one PC at a time.
Therefore when a PC has logged into the system interface, the other users cannot access the
system interface until the current user has logged out of the system. If the previous user forgets to
logout, the second PC can only access the router web interface after a user-defined auto logout
period which is by default 3 minutes. You can however modify the value of the auto logout period
using the Advanced > Device Management section of the router web interface. Please see the
Advanced section of this manual for more information.
111
Chapter 5: Troubleshooting
If your router is not functioning properly, please refer to the suggested solutions provided in this
chapter. If your problems persist or the suggested solutions do not meet your needs, please kindly
contact your service provider or Billion for support.
Problems with the router
Problem Suggested Action
None of the LEDs lit when the router is
turned on.
You have forgotten your login username
or password
Check the connection between the router and the
adapter. If the problem persists, most likely it is due
to the malfunction of your hardware. Please contact
your service provider or Billion for technical support.
Try the default username & password (Please refer
to Chapter 3). If this fails, restore your router to its
default setting by pressing the reset button for more
than 6 seconds.
Problems with WAN interface
Problem Suggested Action
Initialization of PVC connection (line-
sync)fail
Frequent loss of ADSL linesync
(disconnection)
Make sure that the telephone cable is properly con-
nected between the ADSL port and the wall jack. The
ADSL LED on the front panel should lit. Check that
your VPI, VCI, encapsulation type and type of multi-
plexing settings are the same as those provided by
your ISP. Reboot the router GE. If you still have prob-
lem, you may need to verify these settings with your
ISP.
Make sure that all devices (e.g telephone, fax ma-
chine, analogue modems) that are connected to the
telephone line as your router have a line filter con-
nected between them and the wall outlet (unless your
are using a Central Splitter or Central Filter installed by
a qualified and licensed electrician). Make sure that alll
line filters are correctly installed as missing line filters
or incorrect installation of line filters can cause ADSL
connection problem, including frequent disconnec-
tions.
112
Problem with LAN interface
Problem Suggested Action
Cannot PING any PC on LAN Check the Ethernet LEDs on the front panel. The LED
should be on for the port that has a PC connected. If it does
not lit, check to see if the cable between your router and the
PC is properly connected. Make sure you have first unin-
stalled your firewall program before troubleshooting.
Verify that the IP address and the subnet mask are consis-
tent for both the router and the workstations.
113
Appendix: Product Support & Contact
Following the suggestions listed in the Troubleshooting section of the user manual can help you
solve most of your problems. However if your problems persist or you come across other technical
issues that are not listed in the Troubleshooting section, please contact the dealer from where you
purchased your product.
Contact Billion
Worldwide:
http://www.billion.com
MAC OS is a registered Trademark of Apple Computer, Inc.
Windows 98, Windows NT, Windows 2000, Windows Me, Windows XP and Windows Vista are registered
Trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.
