7849 Manual

2015-10-30

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7849

FIELD STRENGTH METER

USER MANUAL

This product contains one or more programs protected under international and US copyright laws as un-

published works. They are confidential and proprietary to Dolby laboratories. Their reproduction or disclo-

sure, in whole or in part, or the production of derivative works there from without the express permission of

November 2015

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Revision follow-up

Version / Date

Modified chap-

ters

Nature of modification

1.0 / July 2015

All

Creation of the document

2.0 / October 2015

Guarantee

25.3

Information about spare parts added

Modification of technical specifications about storage capaci-

3.0 / November 2015

BNC adaptator suppressed

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Thank you for purchasing this SEFRAM product and therefore trusting our company. Our different teams (research

department, production, sales department, after-sales service…) are aiming at satisfying your wishes by designing

and updating very advanced appliances.

To obtain the best performance from this product please read this manual carefully.

For more information please contact our different services

04 77 59 01 01

E-mail Sales department: sales@sefram.fr

E-mail After-sales: sav@sefram.fr

E-mail Technical support: support@sefram.fr

Fax: +33 (0)4 77 57 23 23

Web: www.sefram.fr

Any total or partial reproduction of this document must be submitted for Sefram written authorisation.

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GUARANTEE

Your instrument is guaranteed for one year for labor and parts against any manufacturing defect and/or functioning hazard.

This guarantee extends from the delivery date and ends 365 calendar days later.

In case of guarantee contract, this will cancel or replace these guarantee conditions hereabove.

The guarantee conditions by SEFRAM are available on the website www.sefram.com. The general guarantee conditions

should prevail on the following conditions that they sum up.

This guarantee does not cover the result of any abnormal use, handling mistake or mistake in the storage conditions outside the

defined range.

In case of application of the guarantee, the user shall return, at its own expenses, the relevant appliance to our factory:

SEFRAM Instruments & Systèmes

Service Après-vente

32, Rue Edouard MARTEL

BP 55

42009 SAINT-ETIENNE CEDEX 2

And add a description of the observed breakdown to the appliance.

The standard supplies provided with the appliance (cables, outlets…), the consumables (batteries …) and the optional supplies

(suitcases…) are guaranteed for 3 months against any manufacturing defect.

Such items as a suitcase, a LCD screen or a touchpad are guaranteed only for a normal use.

The guarantee does not cover wearing, accidental breaks or consecutive to a shock or any abnormal use.

The factory options integrated to the appliance are guaranteed for the same duration as the appliance itself.

In case of replacement or repair of the product, the remaining guarantee duration shall be:

- The remaining duration of the guarantee if the appliance is still under guarantee

- If the guarantee duration is less than 90 days, the replaced part is guaranteed for 90 days

Any replacement part becomes the property of the user and the exchanged parts become the property of SEFRAM.

In case of intervention by an insurance company, the product becomes the property of the insurance company upon its exclu-

sive request. Else, it shall remain property of the user.

The guarantee covers exclusively the materials manufactured and provided by SEFRAM.

Any intervention by the user or any third party without prior authorization by the company voids the guarantee.

The user shall be responsible for the return of its appliance to our site. Hence, it shall provide for a conditioning that shall cor-

rectly protect the appliance while shipping. It shall subscribe, at its own expenses, any insurance required for the transport.

The SEFRAM company reserves the right to refuse any product wrongly conditioned and not to take in charge any break con-

secutive to the transport.

Particular case of the battery: There is a Li-ion battery as a standard equipment of this appliance. It shall not be transported

outside the appliance. In no case shall the user replace it. Its replacement in the factory is necessary to check the charge system

and the protective securities.

What to do in case of malfunction?

In case of malfunction or for any advice for use, please contact the technical support by SEFRAM Instruments & Systèmes:

0825 56 50 50 / 2

A technician shall answer you and give you any information required to solve your problem.

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What to do in case of failure?

In case of failure of your appliance, please contact the technical support: 0825 56 50 50 / 2

Some advice!

Some technical help!

SEFRAM Instruments & Systèmes commits itself to help you on the phone about the use of your appliance.

Please call or Technical Support:

04 77 59 01 01

Or e-mail:

support@sefram.fr

We thank you for your trust.

METROLOGY

The meteorological conditions of your measurement instrument are defined in the specifications of this notice. Climate and

environmental conditions restrict the specifications of your Field Strength Measurer (MDC). SEFRAM checks the characteris-

tics of each appliance one by one on an automatic bench during its manufacture. The adjustment and control are guaranteed

under conditions of the ISO9001 certification by facilities in connection with the COFRAC (or equivalent in the context of

ILAC reciprocity).

The specified characteristics are considered stable for a period of 12 months from the first use under normal conditions of use.

We recommend a check after 12 months and max. 24 months of use, then every 12 months after 24 months.

For any check of the characteristics, the following average climate conditions shall be maintained (23°C+3°C – 50(+20)%RH).

The MDC should have been working for 0,5 hour before check.

We recommend that you have this control made by our after-sales service (Service Après-Vente) for the best service and

preservation of the measuring quality of your instrument.

When a MDC returns to SEFRAM, maximum service is provided with internal updating according to the required adjustments

and software updates. In case of shift in the characteristics, your instrument shall be adjusted to recover its original characteris-

tics.

PACKAGING

The packaging of this product is fully recyclable. Its design allows the transport of your instrument under the best possible

conditions. Please note that the original packaging should be additionally wrapped in case of transport by air, road or postal.

SPARE PARTS

According to the consumption law of March 17, 2014, Article L111-3 and Decree 2014-1482 of 09/12/2014, SEFRAM in-

forms you of the availability of spare parts of products placed on the market as of March 1, 2015:

Spare parts are not available to the consumer. SEFRAM offers the supply of spare parts during repair by its service.

Consumable parts are provided according to the legislation applicable to them (case of batteries).

SEFRAM is committed to providing parts or alternatives for a period of at least 2 years beyond the warranty period.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 Important information .......................................................................................................... 9

1.1 Particular precautions ..................................................................................................................................... 9

1.2 Security instructions ....................................................................................................................................... 9

1.3 Symbols and definitions ................................................................................................................................. 9

1.4 Conformity and restrictions of the appliance ................................................................................................ 10

2 Quick start-up ..................................................................................................................... 11

2.1 Presentation of the appliance ....................................................................................................................... 11

2.2 Signal spotting .............................................................................................................................................. 12

2.2.1 Checking a terrestrial antenna .............................................................................................................. 12

2.2.2 Installation of a terrestrial antenna ........................................................................................................ 14

2.2.2.1 Use of the spectrum ....................................................................................................................... 14

2.2.2.2 Use of the Antenna pointing .......................................................................................................... 16

2.2.3 Installation of a satellite dish ................................................................................................................. 18

3 Presentation ....................................................................................................................... 21

3.1 General ......................................................................................................................................................... 21

3.2 Description of the appliance ......................................................................................................................... 22

4 Power-up ............................................................................................................................. 23

4.1 Battery .......................................................................................................................................................... 23

4.2 Battery charge .............................................................................................................................................. 23

4.3 External power supply .................................................................................................................................. 24

4.4 Turning the appliance on and off .................................................................................................................. 24

5 Man-machine interface ...................................................................................................... 25

5.1 Content of the screen ................................................................................................................................... 25

5.2 Changing name or value .............................................................................................................................. 27

5.2.1 Changing inside a table ........................................................................................................................ 27

5.2.2 Change with selection ........................................................................................................................... 28

5.2.3 Change with virtual keyboard ................................................................................................................ 28

5.3 Lists of measurements and setup library ..................................................................................................... 29

6 AUTOSET mode ................................................................................................................. 31

6.1 Terrestrial mode ........................................................................................................................................... 32

6.2 Satellite mode ............................................................................................................................................... 32

6.3 Cable Mode .................................................................................................................................................. 33

6.4 «START » menu key .................................................................................................................................... 33

7 Measurement lists .............................................................................................................. 35

7.1 The list page ................................................................................................................................................. 35

7.2 Modification of a list ...................................................................................................................................... 36

8 Setup library ....................................................................................................................... 39

8.1 The library page ........................................................................................................................................... 39

8.2 Creation or modification of setups in the library ........................................................................................... 39

9 Check Sat ............................................................................................................................ 42

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9.1 Updating satellites ........................................................................................................................................ 43

9.2 Check Sat function ....................................................................................................................................... 43

9.3 Checking the aligned satellite ...................................................................................................................... 45

9.4 Double Check Sat ........................................................................................................................................ 45

9.4.1 Recall .................................................................................................................................................... 46

10 TERRESTRIAL check ......................................................................................................... 47

11 The Measures-TV-Spectrum page .................................................................................... 50

12 Measures (MEASURES-TV-SPECTRUM) .......................................................................... 51

12.1 Autolock function ...................................................................................................................................... 51

12.2 Modification of parameters ....................................................................................................................... 52

12.3 Level measurements ................................................................................................................................ 52

12.4 Satellite band ............................................................................................................................................ 53

12.5 Terrestrial band ......................................................................................................................................... 54

12.6 Thresholds ................................................................................................................................................ 54

12.7 Digital measurements ............................................................................................................................... 55

12.8 DVB-T/H ................................................................................................................................................... 56

12.9 DVB-T2 /T2 Lite ........................................................................................................................................ 57

12.10 DVB-C ....................................................................................................................................................... 58

12.11 DVB-C2 ..................................................................................................................................................... 59

12.12 DVB-S et DSS .......................................................................................................................................... 60

12.13 DVB-S2 ..................................................................................................................................................... 61

13 Spectrum analyser ............................................................................................................. 62

14 Image and Sound ............................................................................................................... 63

14.1 Digital TV .................................................................................................................................................. 63

14.2 Full screen mode ...................................................................................................................................... 63

14.3 Audio ......................................................................................................................................................... 64

14.4 Table of services ....................................................................................................................................... 64

15 Remote power supply / LNB – DiSEqC ............................................................................ 65

15.1 Terrestrial band ......................................................................................................................................... 65

15.2 Satellite band ............................................................................................................................................ 66

15.2.1 Power ON .............................................................................................................................................. 66

15.2.1 Switches ................................................................................................................................................ 67

15.2.1 Positioner .............................................................................................................................................. 68

15.2.2 DCSS .................................................................................................................................................... 69

15.2.2.1 Influence of the DCSS on the spectrum analyzer.......................................................................... 71

16 Constellation ...................................................................................................................... 72

17 Echo / Guard interval ......................................................................................................... 73

18 Measurement map.............................................................................................................. 75

18.1 Out of tolerance values ............................................................................................................................. 76

19 Configuration ..................................................................................................................... 77

19.1 Language .................................................................................................................................................. 77

19.2 Frequency map ......................................................................................................................................... 77

19.3 Memories .................................................................................................................................................. 78

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19.3.1 View ...................................................................................................................................................... 79

19.3.2 Save ...................................................................................................................................................... 79

19.3.3 Update ................................................................................................................................................... 80

19.4 Factory recovery ....................................................................................................................................... 81

19.5 Configuration import/export ...................................................................................................................... 82

20 Software update ................................................................................................................. 83

21 Save..................................................................................................................................... 84

22 Connection of the appliance to a PC ................................................................................ 85

23 Displayed messages .......................................................................................................... 87

23.1 Alert messages ......................................................................................................................................... 87

23.2 Error messages ........................................................................................................................................ 88

24 Maintenance ....................................................................................................................... 89

25 Technical specifications .................................................................................................... 91

25.1 Technical specifications ............................................................................................................................ 91

25.2 Digital measurements ............................................................................................................................... 92

25.3 Divers ........................................................................................................................................................ 94

25.4 General specifications .............................................................................................................................. 95

25.5 Accessories .............................................................................................................................................. 95

25.6 V, dBµV, dBmV et dBm conversion .......................................................................................................... 96

25.7 Typical values for measurements ............................................................................................................. 96

26 Terminology ....................................................................................................................... 97

27 CE Declaration ................................................................................................................. 103

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1 Important information

Please read carefully the following instructions before using your appliance.

1.1 Particular precautions

 Do not use the product for any other use than specified.

 Use the provided charger unit to prevent any deterioration of the appliance and guarantee its measurement

characteristics.

 Do not use in a wet environment.

 Do not use in an explosive environment.

 In case of failure or for the maintenance of the appliance, only a qualified personal shall be entitled to work on

it. In such a case, it is required to use Sefram spare parts.

 Do not open the appliance: risk of electric shock.

 You should use the F/F adaptor provided with your measuring instrument. Any other adaptor could damage

your appliance and jeopardizes the guarantee.

 Do not use gloves, stylus or any other object on to the touchscreen. Handle the screen carefully.

1.2 Security instructions

For a correct use of the appliance, it is necessary that users abide by the security and use instructions de-

scribed in this manual.

Specific warnings appear all along this manual.

In case of need, warning symbols are displayed on the appliance:

1.3 Symbols and definitions

Symbols in this manual:

Remark: Shows important information

Key or press zone

Window or display zone showing up after the operation achieved

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Symbols on the appliance:

Attention: Refer to the manual. Shows a risk of damage for the material connected to the in-

strument or to the instrument itself.

Ground: Grounded accessible parts.

Product for recycling.

1.4 Conformity and restrictions of the appliance

See chapter EC Declaration of conformity.

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2 Quick start-up

2.1 Presentation of the appliance

Important keys:

7849 is an appliance with a capacitive touchscreen. This requires a soft handling. No glove and no stylus

should be used, so that the triggering should be taken into account.

You will recognize the « keys » by their dark grey color (example: the home key: )

You may also access tables by pressing lines (on white or yellow)

Welcoming page:

button ON/OFF

HOME

Access to the main menu

SAVE

Access to the current page Save

RF connector for use with the

F/F adaptor provided with the

appliance.

Pour brancher le signal à analyser

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Attention : To exit a window like in this example below, press the key:

2.2 Signal spotting

The 7849 allows spotting signals in terrestrial or in satellite mode.

In the following chapter, we will see how to spot a signal on three types of installation:

 Checking of a terrestrial antenna (the installation has already been made).

 Installation of a terrestrial antenna.

 Installation of a satellite dish.

2.2.1 Checking a terrestrial antenna

In this case, the Autoset function allows a scan of the channels that the antenna detects.

Plug the cable of your antenna to the 7849 (take care to use an adequate adaptor)

Turn your appliance on. Press the Home key

The Home page appears on screen. Press Autoset

On this page, press Mode, Terrestrial, then select DVB-T and 8MHz (as here below)

The scan should range from the E21 to the E69 channels, frequency range Europe (you may reduce the

number of channels to scan if you know the range of the emitter where the antenna points at: the scan will

be faster)

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Press START. The appliance searches until the end of the scan and turns directly to the Measurement plan

mode. If channels were found, the appliance makes measurements continuously (C/N-level, then BER/MER)

on the detected channels. If no channel has been found, see the next chapter.

To finish, press the home measurement key then on , On this new page,

press Prog, select the channel that you want to display.

Check the level, the BER/MER, the TV detection and the spectrum of the signal on this page…

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2.2.2 Installation of a terrestrial antenna

You have two methods to install a terrestrial antenna :

 Use of the spectrum

 Use of the satellite dish

2.2.2.1 Use of the spectrum

Plug the cable of your antenna to the 7849 (take care to use an adequate adaptor)

Turn your appliance on. Press the Measures-TV-Spectrum key

Press the Spectrum zone, access to terrestrial mode if needed

Access to full SPAN mode

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Adjust the antenna to get the most powerful signal possible

Press directly the signal you want in the spectrum (the cursor moves to where you press)

Press the NIT key , the device find automatically all the parameters of the signal.

Once the search ended, the device display the “Network Name” and the “Network ID”.

Press the Measures-TV-Spectrum key. You can now display the level, the BER/MER of the signal selected

on the same page…

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2.2.2.2 Use of the Antenna pointing

The appliance gets an “Antenna pointing” mode in order to align quickly and easily your terrestrial antenna.

To access to the “Antenna pointing” mode from the HOME page, press

The following page appears :

Set your emitter name :

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Enter 4 frequencies of the emitter you want to check.

You can find many different French transmitters in an Excel file available on the website of

SEFRAM (download section, then database transmitters TNT) or by clicking under the

following link:

http://www.sefram.com/Maj_soft/Canaux_TNT_France_2015.xls

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Slowly orientate the antenna until hearing the locking melody and getting the best quality

No transmitter found, bad reception quality → red smiley

Average reception quality (< 50%) → orange smiley

Good reception quality (> 50%) → green smiley

2.2.3 Installation of a satellite dish

Connect the satellite dish to the appliance.

Activate the remote power supply

To access to the Remote power supply page, press

To switch on the remote power supply, press then select ON in the page to launch the remote

power supply:

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A green check appears in front of what you validated

Press then and access the Check Sat mode.

(the appliance already includes a list of satellites).

Select a satellite like in the example below (here Astra1):

Slowly orientate the satellite dish until hearing the locking melody and getting the best quality

No found transponder → red smiley

Average reception quality (< 50%) → orange smiley

Good reception quality (> 50%) → green smiley

Reminder : transponder = satellite channel

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To check if the aimed satellite is the right one : press the NIT key

The appliance searches the MPEG NIT table on one of the 4 transponders and displays the name of the sat-

ellite:

Attention:

To identify a satellite, you must be locked on all 4 transponders. (Quality > 0)

However, some transponders are regularly modified. See the frequency range of the

satellite when a transponder does not seem to work.

Some switches or LNB work only with DiSEqC commands. In this case, position the

band (OL) and the polarization on DiSEqC at the Configuration page LNB-DiSEqC.

(Attention: the Check Sat is slower when using the DISEqC command).

Attention: The displayed name depends on the content of the MPEG NIT table.

Some distributors provide no (or poor) such table.

The displayed information may be wrong.

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3 Presentation

3.1 General

- The field strength meter 7849 is an appliance designed for the installation and maintenance of any broad-

casting and reception installations of analogical and digital terrestrial television channels, satellites or cable

networks.

-The band ranges between 5 MHz and 2200 MHz; this allows accurate measurements on all analogical tele-

vision standards, FM carrier waves and the various digital standards DVB-C/C2, DVB-T/T2/T2Lite, DVB-

S/S2 and DSS.

-He does Level measurements in average, peak and power according to the selected standard

-In Measurement Plan mode, they scan up to 50 setups at the same time and compare them to decision

levels (min / max).

- Equipped with an efficient Bit Error Rate measurement (various BER, MER), they allow the full validation

of digital transmissions DVB-T/T2/T2Lite, DVB-C/C2, DVB-S/S2 and DSS.

- Providing a Constellation diagram for digital standards, the detection and display of Echoes and pre-

echoes permit to complete this analysis.

- You can display the digital terrestrial or satellite TV (free programs) under SD or HD.

- You can hear digital sound through integrated loudspeakers.

-Designed for use on field, it is compact (less than 2 kg battery included), autonomous (battery pack and

quick charger), equipped with a LCD 7’’ touchscreen (capacitive).

- The high memory content allows the storage of many configurations, measurements and spectrum curves.

-The appliance fully remote-controlled through USB and ETHERNET connections via a computer.

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3.2 Description of the appliance

Interface carte d’abonné

(programmes cryptés)

Entrée BNC (RF)

Sortie ASI

Fas-

tening for

straps

7’’ capacitive

touchscreen

high resolu-

tion

ON/OFF switch

RF socket with F/F adapt-

Remote supply light

USB A socket

Ethernet socket

External power socket

15 V 5 A max

Charging indicator light

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4 Power-up

All the material is checked before shipment and delivered in an adapted packaging. There is no particular

unpacking instruction.

The appliance is equipped with a Lithium-Ion (Li-ion) battery. It is shipped with the battery loaded.

However, if the appliance has remained idle more than one month long, check its charge state and reload

if required.

4.1 Battery

Attention: Any intervention on the battery requires the disassembly of the appliance and

should be made by a SEFRAM technician.

Use only batteries provided by SEFRAM.

Security advice:

 Do not throw into the fire or heat up the battery pack

 Do not shunt the parts of the battery: risk of explosion!

 Do not drill

 Do not disassemble the battery pack

 Do not reverse the polarities of the battery

 This battery pack includes a protective item that should not be damaged or removed

 Protect the pack from the heat while storing

 Do not damage the protective sheath of the pack

 Do not store the appliance in a vehicle under sunlight

 Used batteries are not for domestic waste; lithium batteries should be recycled.

The battery has a 200-charge-discharge cycle life or 2 years.

Advice to extend the life of your battery:

 Avoid deep discharges

 Do not store the batteries too long without using them

 Store the battery around 40% loading

 Do not fully charge or fully discharge the battery before storage.

When the battery is almost fully discharged, the appliance will warn “Low battery”, and then will shut

off after a few minutes.

4.2 Battery charge

To charge the battery inside the appliance:

 Connect the external power supply provided through the jack plug of the appliance (above)

 Connect the power supply on the mains

 The internal charger starts loading the battery; the green lamp lights up.

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Charge the device only when the device is off.

Charge the device only with the provided power supply block.

The battery is 80%-loaded after 1 hour 50 minutes. The total charge is reached after 2 hours 30 minutes.

The autonomy is defined in terrestrial mode with the lighting of the screen decreased, without remote

supply, interfaces not connected and sound at 10%

4.3 External power supply

The appliance works under 15V (1 A) power supply. The power supply block provided is an external pow-

er supply too. Only use the power supply block provided with the appliance. Use of another mains block

could damage your appliance and would not valid the guarantee.

4.4 Turning the appliance on and off

Press the button on the right side of the appliance:

The entry page appears on screen.

The message “Autotest: running” is shortly displayed, and then disappears.

Pressing this button turns the appliance off.

The ON/OFF button lights up when the appliance is working.

Pressing the ON/OFF button for a long time forces the shut-off of the appliance; pro-

ceed this way only in case of necessity.

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5 Man-machine interface

5.1 Content of the screen

7849 is an appliance with a capacitive touchscreen. No glove should be used. If you don’t want to damage

your screen, do not use any stylus or object.

You can recognize the« keys » by their dark grey frame, example the Home key:

You can also select lines of tables.

The Home page allows the navigation through all functions of the appliance. You will also find there the LNB

– DiSEqC and Measures-TV-Spectrum functions, the AUTOSET, Lists ,Library, Check Sat, Configuration,

Constellation , Echo Guard Interval, Measurement map.

Home

Access to the main

menu page

Save

Access to the save of

the current page

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On all pages is displayed the following information:

Attention: To exit a window like this one below, you have to press the key

Indication of the values

Tension and Current of

the remote power sup-

ply

Indication of

the state of

the battery

Page title

Indication of the position of the

switch or of the SatCR (position

of the slot)

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To navigate through a table inside a page or a window, a vertical slide appears with arrows to move up and

down the table.

To move faster, you can slide a cursor with your fingers.

5.2 Changing name or value

5.2.1 Changing inside a table

You can select a setup in the table. In this case, you can validate a setup by pressing the line you want to

display.

In this example, you change from the TNT-R1 setup to the TNT-R4 in the Measure page:

Cursor to navigate up

or down

Move up through

the table

Move down

through the table

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5.2.2 Change with selection

When pressing a key, you may have a window with multiple choices. You only have to press the value you

want to validate it, the key allows you to cancel and exit this window, like in the example below:

In this example, the bandwidth changes from 8 to 6 MHz:

5.2.3 Change with virtual keyboard

If you want to enter a name of a number, a window appears with a numeric keypad and a virtual AZERTY

keypad:

In this keyboard appear keys to erase, to valid the selected value and the key to cancel

and exit from this window.

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5.3 Lists of measurements and setup library

In order to make easier the recall of data on field, the appliance uses 20 measurement lists of each 50 lines

and 1000 setups.

A setup corresponds to a terrestrial, cable or satellite emission.

A list of measurements corresponds to a particular installation: presence of several satellite dishes, of vari-

ous switches…

The same setup may be used in several measurement lists.

The same installation may use two satellite dishes

ASTRA 19.2 in DiSEqC position A

HOT BIRD 13 in DiSEqC position B

Another one may use three satellite dishes

ATLANTIC BIRD 3 in DiSEqC position A

ASTRA 1 in DiSEqC position B

HOT BIRD in DiSEqC position C

The same setup may be used several times in the same measurement list.

ZDF SatCR slot 0

ZDF SatCR slot 1

ZDF SatCR slot 2

ZDF SatCR slot 3…

If a parameter of a setup changes, for example a modification of rate or change from DVB-S to DVB-S2, only

the setup inside the library should be updated.

Exemple of list (the background of the table is

white)

Example of library (the background of the table is yellow)

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A list of measurements is made of:

 a list name in 10 characters

 the lowest frequency of the LNB (OL1)

 the highest frequency of the LNB (OL2)

 the selection mode low band / high band of the LNB

 the selection mode of the polarization

 the presence of the position number of the positioner (motorized satellite dish)

 50 lines including each:

 a setup number corresponding to the setup list

 the presence and the functioning mode of the switch, committed type

 the position of the switch, committed type

 the presence and the functioning mode of the switch, uncommitted type

 the position of the switch, uncommitted type

 the presence of SatCR equipment

 the SatCR slot number

 the position of the SatCR switch

A few of these parameters are specific to the waveband of the satellite and have no influence in terrestrial

and cable modes.

A setup is made of:

 a setup name in 8 characters

 a place name in 10 characters

 a frequency

 a channel number in terrestrial or cable mode

 a frequency map in terrestrial or cable mode

 a vertical or horizontal polarization in satellite mode

 a low or high LNB band in satellite mode

 a standard

 an analogical mono stereo or NICAM mode in terrestrial or cable mode

 a constellation type 64QAM 256QAM under DVB-C

 a bandwidth 5, 6, 7 or 8 MHz under DVB-T and DVB-T2

 a symbol rate under DVB-C, DVB-S, DVB-S2 or DSS

According to the terrestrial, cable or satellite band mode and to the standard, some parameters have no in-

fluence.

The place name may distinguish two distinct emitters, example TF1 Fourvière and TF1 Chambéry.

Frequency and channel number are equivalent: a valid channel number has priority over a frequency.

The frequency map parameter associated with the setup allows frontiersmen to keep on using channel num-

bers.

Selecting a list in the Lists page automatically recalls all information associated with this

list.

Selecting a Setup on a measurement page automatically recalls all information associated

with this setup.

– 7849 –

p. 31

6 AUTOSET mode

Attention: The Autoset channel research is only possible when at least one list is empty

with enough place in the library

This mode allows an automatic research of setups and to provide information about the current place.

You can access it through the key on page Home.

The displayed lines on this page depend on the selected Frequency band. The key before the Mode line

allows you to select between terrestrial, cable or satellite mode:

Terrestrial Mode Satellite Mode

Cable Mode

Once the mode selected, the keys of the various parameters activate or deactivate each option.

– 7849 –

p. 32

A green check shows that the parameter is included in the research. If there is no green check, the parameter will

not be taken into account for the research.

Active research parameter

Inactive research parameter

Attention: The more you select options, the longer is the research.

6.1 Terrestrial mode

This mode allows automatic research on the terrestrial frequency band.

The table allows the selection of:

 Standards

 Channel widths

 The channel range of the research

(i.e. 21 to 60).

The goal is to make researches

shorter by defining at best the set-

tings (example: in France, no DVB-

T2, band width DDT 8MHz first

channel 21, last channel 60)

6.2 Satellite mode

This mode allows automatic research on the satellite frequency band.

The table allows the selection of:

 LNB bands

 LNB polarisations.

The goal is to make researches shorter again

– 7849 –

p. 33

6.3 Cable Mode

This mode allows automatic research on the cable frequency band.

The table allows the selection of:

 Standards

 Channel widths

 The search range of channels

6.4 «START » menu key

No matter which mode is selected, press the “START” key when the table is filled to launch the research.

Pressing “Stop” will abort the research.

When the research is done or if the user aborted it, the appliance turns automatically to the Measure-

ment map function.

– 7849 –

p. 34

Any detected channel will be registered into the first empty list (automatically renamed AUTOSET) and

into the fist available setups of the library, starting from the end of the table.

The new list is created in the first

available list

The default name of the new list is

AUTOSET

New found channels are added one

by one into the new list

New found channels are added one

by one into the first available setups

of the library, starting from the end

of the table

– 7849 –

p. 35

7 Measurement lists

7.1 The list page

In this page, you can select the list where you will work on measurements.

Pressing Home then Lists-Library gives you access to the Lists function:

Lists are ranked from 0 to 19. To select the one you want, press the following key. Lists are displayed. Press

the one you want:

In this example, we selected ST ETIENNE.

– 7849 –

p. 36

7.2 Modification of a list

To change the name of the list of ST ETIENNE, you must push on its name, then on the symbol of the key-

pad. A virtual keypad shows up. Type the new name (SEFRAM in our example).

To add a setup to the list, select the line. A window shows up:

By pressing the key before Setup, you disclose the available setups from the library (you cannot create a

setup from a list; to create a setup, see Setup creation or modification in the library):

Scroll the list up or down to find the setup you want to add to your list. Press the line you want:

Attention: A list may contain a Satellite and a Terrestrial setup.

Attention: If the line contains a setup, it shall be erased. To cancel, press:

– 7849 –

p. 37

The setup is now in the list:

You may erase the setup from the list by pressing the check to the left of the setup or to the setups you have

to delete. Then click the basket and select the deletion of the selected setup:

– 7849 –

p. 38

You can also delete the totality of a list by pressing directly on the basket then by select-

ing .

In a satellite setup, you can change the switch, the Uncommitted Port and the DCSS by activating any of

these keys (this change will affect only the setup in this list, not in the library):

– 7849 –

p. 39

8 Setup library

8.1 The library page

By pressing Home then Lists-Library , you can access the Lists function.

From there, you can access the Library by pressing the key .

8.2 Creation or modification of setups in the library

To create or change a setup in the library, you have to select a line in the table. A window pops up:

Attention: If the line contains a setup, it will be erased. To cancel, press:

– 7849 –

p. 40

You may erase the setup from the list by pressing the check to the left of the setup or to the setups you have

to delete. Then click the basket and select the deletion of the selected setup:

From this window, you can create a terrestrial, satellite KU, L or C setup.

To proceed, see chapter 5 Man-machine interface

 Terrestrial setup:

Under standard DVB-T/H DVB-T2

Under standard DVB-C / DVB-C2

In terrestrial analogical standard (L, BG, DK, I and MN)

To enter the frequen-

cy band you want for

the setup

To enter the Emit-

ter/Satellite name

you want for the

setup

To enter the name you

want for the setup

To enter the frequency

you want for the setup

To enter the

channel you

want for the

setup

To enter the standard

you want for the setup

(DVB-T/H in this case)

To enter the symbol rate

you want for the setup

To enter the type of audio

configuration you want for

the setup (mono, stereo or

NICAM)

– 7849 –

p. 41

 Setup Satellite KU, L or C:

Ku L or C corresponds to the selected band

To enter the type of polarity

you want for the setup (high

or low, vertical or horizontal)

To enter the symbol rate you

want for the setup

– 7849 –

p. 42

9 Check Sat

Press and to access the Check Sat mode.

The appliance has 32 possible orbital positions for satellites. It is provided with near of 10 satellites regis-

tered.

4 transponders are appended to each satellite.

You can select the satellite by pressing « Name and position of the satellite ».

To modify a transponder, you must press the corresponding key:

Name and position

of the satellite

Global quality indi-

cation

Frequency,

polarization,

band, level

and quality

Frequency

Polarity

Symbol rate

Active or Inactive

Transponder

Standard

– 7849 –

p. 43

9.1 Updating satellites

You can update frequencies of the checks sat by consulting the file PDF posted on-line on the site web of

SEFRAM. .

You have to modify frequencies, following the previous paragraph and using the file updated monthly on the

web site of SEFRAM. http://www.sefram.fr/www/PDF_FR/Sat_PDF.pdf

We advise you to check and to update your frequencies every three months. We advise you to check and to

update your frequencies every three months

9.2 Check Sat function

Procedure:

1/ Connect the satellite dish to the appliance and start it up.

2/ Validate the remote power supply:

- VDC lights up.

- Check the power supply current of the LNB (IDC at the top right corner of the screen should be

between 50 and 200 mA).

See chapter Remote power supply / LNB – DiSEqC

3/ On the Home page, go to the Check Sat mode.

Select the satellite to aim at in the list (example ASTRA1)

4/ Slowly orientate the satellite dish until hearing the locking melody and getting the best quality.

5/ Slightly turn the LNB to get the best quality (counter-polarization).

You will hear a melody as soon as a first transponder is detected; then, you will hear beeps. These beeps

are closer and closer as the quality increases.

– 7849 –

p. 44

If the appliance is not synchronized on all four transponders, the quality indication is red.

If the appliance is synchronized on all four transponders but the reception quality is aver-

age, the quality indication is orange.

Good reception quality (> 50%) → green smiley

Attention:

To identify a satellite, it must be synchronized on all 4 transponders.

However, some transponders are regularly modified.

See the frequency map of the satellite if a transponder does not seem to work.

Some switches or LNB work only with DiSEqC commands. In this case, position the OL

and the polarization on DiSEqC in the Configuration page LNB-DiSEqC.

(Attention: the Check Sat is slower with DiSEqC commands).

– 7849 –

p. 45

9.3 Checking the aligned satellite

To check if you have aimed the right satellite, press the NIT key.

The appliance searches the MPEG NIT table on one of the 4 transponders and displays the name of the

satellite:

9.4 Double Check Sat

This mode allows you to orientate a double LNB by checking 4 transponders on 2 selected satellites. This

mode is identical to the simple Check Sat mode.

To access the double Check Sat mode, you have to trigger the Double key.

Attention: The displayed name depends on the content of the MPEG NIT table.

Some distributors provide no (or poor) such table.

The displayed information may be wrong.

Sat. A

Sat. B

To return to the

simple mode

– 7849 –

p. 46

9.4.1 Recall

Azimut

Position of the satellite dish on the horizontal plane with reference to the north. Measured in degrees.

Elevation

Tilt angle under which the beam from the satellite reaches your antenna. Measured in degrees using what

is specified on the stand of the satellite dish.

Polarization

Rotation required for the LNB from a vertical line. Measured in degrees.

– 7849 –

p. 47

10 TERRESTRIAL check

To access to the menu terrestrial check from Home page, press

The following page appears:

Set up your check:

– 7849 –

p. 48

Enter 4 frequencies or channels of the transmitter you try to check.

You can find the numbers of transponders of different French transmitters in an Excel file

available on the website of SEFRAM (download section, then database transmitters DDT)

or by clicking under the following link:

http://www.sefram.com/Maj_soft/Canaux_TNT_France_2015.xls

Once you informed the 4 transponders, slowly orientate the satellite dish until hearing the locking melody

and getting the best quality.

– 7849 –

p. 49

No found transponder → red smiley

Average reception quality (< 50%) → orange smiley

Good reception quality (> 50%) → green smiley

Press key permits to list the services distributed on the multiplex:

– 7849 –

p. 50

11 The Measures-TV-Spectrum page

mode

SPECTRUM

mode full

screen

Autolock :

Automatic search of setup

– 7849 –

p. 51

12 Measures (MEASURES-TV-SPECTRUM)

Pressing the MEASURE zone gives access to the MEASURES function.

In this page, you can either perform measurements on a memorized program in the current list (see chapter

« Measurement list »), or change parameters manually, or use the AutoLock function

12.1 Autolock function

This function is design to lock on a digital signal (terrestrial, cable or satellite)

You just have to enter the frequency or the channel (for terrestrial), then press AutoLock, The instrument will

find automatically in few seconds the digital standard, the modulation type and all other parameters of the

signal.

Example for terrestrial, channel 38 (frequency 610MHz):

Example for satellite low vertical polarization, frequency 12109 MHz :

– 7849 –

p. 52

12.2 Modification of parameters

The various parameters are:

 The name of the setup (selection on the active list)

 The frequency of the emitter or transponder (and the true frequency of satellite)

 The standard and bandwidth for DVB-T/H and DVB-T2

 The corresponding channel number for terrestrial and cable mode

 The symbol rate for the satellite

 The polarization and the band for the satellite

 The audio mode for the analogical TV

12.3 Level measurements

You can measure levels at a specific frequency with a detection matching the standard.

In terrestrial band, for an user socket, the level should be:

- between 50 and 66 dBµV under FM

- between 35 and 70 dBµV under DVB-T/H, DVB-T2

- between 57 and 74 dBµV in any other case

In satellite band, for an user socket, the level should be:

- between 47 and 77 dBµV.

You can shift from terrestrial to satellite mode by:

- Changing the setup frequency

- Changing of standard

- Changing of setup (from a terrestrial to a satellite setup)

– 7849 –

p. 53

Example in terrestrial mode:

The appliance makes different measurements according to the current standard.

The other possible measurements are:

 Average measurement

 Peak measurement

 Power measurement.

12.4 Satellite band

The following table sums up the measurement types and the frequencies of the audio carrier waves for each

standard:

Standard

porteuse vidéo

mesure

PAL

Peak

SECAM

Peak

NTSC

Peak

DVB-S

Digital

Power

DSS

Digital

Power

DVB-S2

Digital

Power

The best is to be the closest possible of the green bar without exceeding it.

For the MER measure, the value must be superior to the mini threshold.

Signal/noise ratio of

the signal

Signal level

Reduced spectrum of the

Span signal, ca. 10MHz

– 7849 –

p. 54

12.5 Terrestrial band

The appliance automatically makes level measurements on the Video carrier wave.

The following table sums up the measurement types and the frequencies of the audio carrier waves for each

standard:

Standard

Video carrier

Measure

Sound carrier

Mono

stéréo

NICAM

negative, AM

peak

DQPSK

5.5 MHz

5.74 MHz

5.85 MHz

negative, AM

peak

DQPSK

6.5 MHz

6.258 MHz

5.85 MHz

positive, AM

peak

DQPSK

6.0 MHz

6.552 MHz

positive, AM

peak

DQPSK

6.5 MHz

5.85 MHz

negative, AM

peak

4.5 MHz

4.72 MHz

DVB-C

digital

power

DVB-T/H

digital

power

DVB-T2

digital

power

DAB/DAB+

numérique

power

average

Carrier

not modulated

average

The appliance displays the level of the Video carrier wave and the C/N ratio.

12.6 Thresholds

Predefined thresholds are used to assess if the measurement is pertinent.

Standard

Min

Max

Terrestrial analog TV

DVB-C/C2

DVB-T/T2

DAB-DAB+

FM, Carrier

Satellite analog TV

DVB-S, DSS

DVB-S2

– 7849 –

p. 55

min threshold max threshold

12.7 Digital measurements

In digital measurement mode, in addition to the RF level and to the C/N here above, the appliance also dis-

plays the various BER (Bit Error Rate), the PER (Packet Error Rate) and the MER (Modulation Error Ratio)

under DVB-T/T2/T2Lite, DVB-C/C2, DVB-S/S2 or DSS.

You also get the LKM:x.xdB (Link Margin) specification.

This expression in dB is the difference between the measured MER and the limit MER before disconnection

of the image: it’s the security available before disconnection.

“Sync ?” displayed on screen means that the signal is absent or unlocked; check its

presence, the modulation parameters, the presence of remote power supply and the LNB

and DiSEqC parameters under satellite band.

The sign < before a value or error rate shows that there is no error but that 10-X bits have

been tested (i.e. <10-8 means that 108 bits have been tested).

You can shift from terrestrial to satellite mode by:

- Changing the setup frequency

- Changing of standard

- Changing of setup (from a terrestrial to a satellite setup)

– 7849 –

p. 56

12.8 DVB-T/H

Display of the measures of:

 BERi: error rate before Viterbi

 BERo: error rate after Viterbi

 PER: error rate after Reed Solomon (error rate packet)

 MER: modulation error rate

 LKM: noise margin (Link Margin)

BERx: ‘bits’ error rate

Ratio between the number of false bits / number of transmitted bits during the measurement time

PER: ‘paquets’ error rate

Ratio between the number of false packets / number of transmitted packets during the measurement time

Recall: Under DVB-T/H, a packet is made of 204 octets; a packet is "false" if it includes more than 8 wrong

octets (correction by Reed Solomon coding).

Display of the value of Cell ID from the diffuser and specific to the emitter.

TUNER

DEMODULATEUR

VITERBI

REED

SOLOMON

DECODAGE

MPEG

PER

BERi

BERo

– 7849 –

p. 57

12.9 DVB-T2 /T2 Lite

Display of the measures of:

 BERi: error rate before LDPC

 BERo: error rate after LDPC

 PER: error rate after BCH (lost packets)

 MER: modulation error rate

 LKM: noise margin (Link Margin)

Recall:

LDPC: Low Density Parity Check

BCH: Bose Chauhuri Houquenohem

The concatenation Viterbi + Reed Solomon of the correction of DVB-T/H has been replaced by the concate-

nation LDPC + BCH under DVB-T2.

Display of the values of Cell_ID from the diffuser and specific to the emitter.

TUNER

DEMODULATEUR

BCH

DECODAGE

MPEG

BERi

PER

LDPC

BERo

– 7849 –

p. 58

12.10 DVB-C

Display of the measures of:

 BERo: error rate before Reed Solomon

 PER: error rate after Reed Solomon (error rate packet)

 MER: modulation error rate

 LKM: Noise margin (Link Margin)

BERo: error rate ‘bits’

Ratio between the number of false bits / number of transmitted bits during the measurement time

PER: error rate ‘packets’

Ratio between the number of false packets / number of transmitted packets during the measure-

ment time

Recall: Under DVB-C, a packet is made of 204 bites; a packet is "false" if it includes more than 8 wrong oc-

tets (correction by Reed Solomon coding).

TUNER

DEMODULATEUR

REED

SOLOMON

DECODAGE

MPEG

BERo

PER

– 7849 –

p. 59

12.11 DVB-C2

Display of the measures of:

 BERi: error rate before LDPC

 BERo: error rate after LDPC

 PER: error rate after BCH (lost packets)

 MER: modulation error rate

 LKM: noise margin (Link Margin)

Recall:

LDPC: Low Density Parity Check

BCH: Bose Chauhuri Houquenohem

 Active PLP and Data slice

TUNER

DEMODULATEUR

BCH

DECODAGE

MPEG

BERi

PER

LDPC

BERo

– 7849 –

p. 60

12.12 DVB-S et DSS

Display of the measures of:

 BERi : error rate before Viterbi

 BERo : error rate after Viterbi

 PER : error rate after Reed Solomon (error rate paquet)

 MER : modulation error rate

 LKM : Noise margin (Link Margin)

BERx : error rate ‘bits’

Ratio between the number of false bits / number of transmitted bits during the measurement time

PER : error rate ‘paquets’

Ratio between the number of false packets / number of transmitted packets during the measure-

ment time

Recall: Under QPSK (DVB-S) a packet is made of 204 octets; a packet is "false" if it includes more than 8

wrong octets (correction by Reed Solomon coding). Under DSS, a packet is made of 146 octets.

TUNER

DEMODULATEUR

VITERBI

REED

SOLOMON

DECODAGE

MPEG

BERi

BERo

PER

– 7849 –

p. 61

12.13 DVB-S2

Display of the measures of:

 BERi : error rate before LDPC

 BERo : error rate after LDPC

 PER : error rate after BCH (lost packets)

 MER : modulation error rate

 LKM : Noise margin (Link Margin)

Recall:

LDPC: Low Density Parity Check

BCH: Bose Chauhuri Houquenohem

The concatenation Viterbi + Reed Solomon of the correction of DVB-S has been replaced by the concatena-

tion LDPC + BCH under DVB-S2.

TUNER

DEMODULATEUR

BCH

DECODAGE

MPEG

BERi

PER

LDPC

BERo

– 7849 –

p. 62

13 Spectrum analyser

Pressing SPECTRUM gives access to the SPECTRUM ANALYSER function. (graphical representation

frequency / amplitude of the present signals in the input of the device)

Satellite Terrestrial

2 predefined bandwidths are available: terrestrial and satellite. To swap from satellite to terrestrial, press

the key, as shown on the bottom side of the screen.

The input attenuator is automatically tuned according to the level of the signals measured.

Filters are automatically selected according to the « Span ».

The filter used is displayed on the upper left corner.

Parameters of the spectrum are:

Channel: use a chan-

nel for the spectrum

(in terrestrial mode).

Cursor: simply press the area

where you want to move or set the

cursor

Span : frequency span around the

center frequency

Reference level: can

be modified with up-

down arrows

List: you can select a Pro-

gram (in the current list)

Frequency range: can

be changed using the

arrows

Frequency: value of the fre-

quency where the cursor is,

user can enter a frequency

value, or increase – decrease

the frequency with <> keys

– 7849 –

p. 63

14 Image and Sound

Pressing the TV zone gives access to the TV function.

14.1 Digital TV

The name of the service and its main characteristics are displayed on top left of the screen.

 720x576i: picture resolution 720 pixels / line, 576 lines, interlace

 25 Hz: frame frequency

 MPEG-2: picture compression

 Video Rate 4.106 Mbits/s : instantaneous binary rate of the service

 Audio MPEG Layer II: sound compression

On this page, there are 3 keys at the bottom of the screen; they will be described in the next chapters

14.2 Full screen mode

Pressing the key displays the image in full screen; only remain the battery level and the intensity +

voltage of the remote power supply:

To exit, you only have to touch the screen anywhere.

– 7849 –

p. 64

14.3 Audio

To set the volume, press an adjustment bar shows up:

The instrument can decode the following digital sound formats:

MPEG-1 L1/L2

AAC Advanced Audio Coding License Via Licensing

HE-AAC High Efficiency AAC License Via Licensing

Dolby Digital License Dolby®

Dolby Digital Plus License Dolby®

Made under licence by Dolby laboratories.

Dolby and the double-D symbol are trademarks of Dolby Laboratories

14.4 Table of services

Pressing gives access to the list of services:

This function allows selecting the channel you want to display. You only have to press the line you want.

– 7849 –

p. 65

15 Remote power supply / LNB – DiSEqC

The key gives you access to the remote power supply / LNB-DiSEqC.

To start the remote power supply, press the key after Remote supply:

15.1 Terrestrial band

In terrestrial mode, you can select:

A green check shows which voltage is selected.

OFF to turn off the

remote power supply

in terrestrial measure

5V-13V-18V-24V

to send 5, 13, 18

or 24 V to the RF

according to your

requirements

– 7849 –

p. 66

15.2 Satellite band

15.2.1 Power ON

Setting the remote power supply to satellite:

Configuration lines:

See chapter Man-machine interface for any change.

-DCSS: Digital Channel Stacking (2

modes SATCR and SCD2 single

cable distribution)

- LO1 and LO2 Frequency:

LO frequencies low and high

band of LNB

- LO selection: band commutation

on the LNB (22kHz, ToneBurst or

DiSEqC)

- Selection polar : polarization

commutation on the LNB (13/18V

or DiSEqC)

- Switch: switch type and position

(No, ToneBurst, 22kHz, DiSEqC,

Pos A, B, C or D)

-Uncommitted: "Uncommitted" switch type

and position (No, DiSEqC, Pos 1 to 16)

-Positioner: presence of a positioner

(Yes / No)

ON to turn on the

remote power

supply under satel-

lite measure

OFF to turn off the

remote power supply

under satellite measure

AUTO to launch au-

tomatically the re-

mote power supply in

satellite measure

mode even after

shutting off

– 7849 –

p. 67

15.2.1 Switches

2-satellite switch 4-satellite switch

* 22 kHz * DiSEqC Committed or Uncommitted

* ToneBurst (MiniDiSEqC)

*DiSEqC Committed or Uncommitted

16-satellites switch

* DiSEqC Committed + Uncommitted

Sat A

Sat B

Com

Sat A

Sat B

Sat D

Sat C

Com

Sat A

Sat B

Sat D

Sat C

Com

Sat A

Sat B

Sat D

Sat C

Com

Sat A

Sat B

Sat D

Sat C

Com

Sat A

Sat B

Sat D

Sat C

Com

21 4 3 14 13 16 15

658 7 10 912 11

Uncommitted

– 7849 –

p. 68

Switch line

Uncommitted line

Satellite

Position

Commande DiSEqC

Position

Commande DiSEqC

Pos A

Option A + Position A

Pos 1

Input 1

Pos B

Option A + Position B

Pos 1

Input 1

Pos C

Option B + Position A

Pos 1

Input 1

Pos D

Option B + Position B

Pos 1

Input 1

Pos A

Option A + Position A

Pos 2

Input 2

Pos B

Option A + Position B

Pos 2

Input 2

Pos C

Option B + Position A

Pos 2

Input 2

Pos D

Option B + Position B

Pos 2

Input 2

Pos A

Option A + Position A

Pos 3

Input 3

Pos B

Option A + Position B

Pos 3

Input 3

Pos C

Option B + Position A

Pos 3

Input 3

Pos D

Option B + Position B

Pos 3

Input 3

Pos A

Option A + Position A

Pos 4

Input 4

Pos B

Option A + Position B

Pos 4

Input 4

Pos C

Option B + Position A

Pos 4

Input 4

Pos D

Option B + Position B

Pos 4

Input 4

15.2.1 Positioner

The appliance sends a DiSEqC command that triggers the rotation of a motorized satellite dish.

In this example, the position is 2 (1 to 127 pre-loaded positions in the positioner)

If the positioner is on No, it is deactivated

See chapter Man-machine interface for any change.

– 7849 –

p. 69

15.2.2 DCSS

Description:

DCSS Digital Channel Stacking system: signal distribution system using frequency transposition.

Used in satellite distribution for multiple or single dwelling, with several set top boxes.

To give several receptors access to the whole spectrum and all polarizations, you need one coaxial cable

per receptor and a suitable installation (multiple LNB, Quattro and multi-switches).

The DCSS system allow to feed dwellings with one or more satellites using only one coaxial cable

(SCD=SINGLE CABLE DISTRIBUTION).

The DCSS is an extension of the DiSEqC protocol that allows the connection of several receptors on only

one coaxial cable, no matter the band (H/L) and the polarization (H/V).

Functioning:

Each satellite receptor uses a fix frequency band (Slot or Port), whose width is (more or less) equal to the

width of the transponder.

The receptor requires a specific transponder frequency (frequency Ku) via a DiSEqC command.

Some equipment on the satellite dish (LNB or switch) moves the requested signal to the center of the select-

ed band (Slot). Then, the mixing equipment adds each user band (Slot) to only one output (up to 32 user

bands).

(

)

– 7849 –

p. 70

2 Modes :

SATCR : Satellite Channel Router, standard EN50494 (or SCD, Unicable, …)

Distribution of the satellite signal with only one coaxial cable to 2, 4 or 8 different receptors.

SCD2 : Single Cable Distribution v2, standard EN50607 (or SCD2, Unicable II, JESS)

Distribution of the satellite signal with only one coaxial cable to a maximum of 32 different receptors.

Using Diseqc 2.0 bi-directionnal possibility to ask current online devices and speed up installation.

Mode choice: press DCSS

SATCR (EN50494) :

 SLOT x: active Slot choice

 CONFIG: access to each slot configuration

Slots list, frequencies and switch PosA/PosB

 INITIALISATIONS: 8 predefined slots

 ITALY: 4 predefined slots for Italy

 DETECT: automatic detection of slots (spectrum

detect based)

The DCSS mode has priority on all other modes: selection polarization, selection

OL, switches committed and uncommitted and positionner.

– 7849 –

p. 71

SCD2 (EN50607) :

 SLOT x: active Slot choice

 CONFIG: access to each slot configuration

Slots lists, frequencies, switches, PIN codes

 INITIALISATIONS : 32 predefined slots

 ALLOCATION : states of the 32 possible slots

 DETECT : automatic detection of slots (DISEQC2.0

based)

15.2.2.1 Influence of the DCSS on the spectrum analyzer

Landmarks of the user

band (slot)

SatCR mode and active slot

Current polarization and

band in the active slot

Frequency of the tran-

sponder visible at the

center of the active slot

– 7849 –

p. 72

16 Constellation

The key gives you access to the CONSTELLATION function.

These measures are available if one of these standards is running in the LEVEL MEASUREMENT page.

 DVB-T/H

 DVB-T2

 DVB-C

 DVB-C2

 DVB-S, DSS, DVB-S2

The appliance displays the Constellation of the current signal.

The information displayed on the right of the Constellation diagram is:

 current frequency

 modulation

 constellation

 symbol rate

 error rate and MER

– 7849 –

p. 73

17 Echo / Guard interval

Available only for DVBT/H, DVB-T2 or DVB-C2 standards.

Pressing allows you to access to Echo Guard interval measurement.

Pressing changes the horizontal scale (distance).

Horizontal scale can be set in µs, km or miles by pressing

Moving measurement arrow can be done by screen touch, or by automatic search keys

and .

The end of the guard interval is displayed with a yellow line.

Reminder :

Remember: In terrestrial TV broadcasting, the received signal on the antenna comes from several possible

ways: the echoes.

In digital TV DVB-T/H and DVB-T2, these echoes may help or degrade the image according to the time de-

lay between the various signals that reach the antenna.

Signal without echo

Signal with echoes and pre-

echoes

– 7849 –

p. 74

The broadcasting norms DVB-T and DVB-T2 define a modulation parameter called "guard interval" where

echoes won't disturb the reception.

The transmission of digital data (Symbol) is interrupted during the guard interval.

A delayed (or advanced) symbol of any shorter duration than the guard interval will not disturb the reception.

A delayed (or advanced) symbol of any longer duration than the guard interval will disturb the reception.

You have to reduce the level of reception of the echoes by orienting the antenna or by selecting a more di-

rective antenna.

The Echo function of the appliance enables you to display possible echoes that disturb the received signal.

Relative amplitude in dB and delay in µs (distance in km) from the main signal (0 pulse) can be measured.

The yellow line represents the end of the guard interval.

Echoes and pre-echoes (pulses) above the yellow line disturb the signal and must be reduced as much as

possible.

The echoes (pulses) beyond this line disturb the reception and must be as weak as possible.

Attention: a high amplitude echo pulse within the guard interval will also disturb the signal

quality.

Yellow line,

Guard interval

limit

Main signal

Pre-echo

Echos out of interval

Measurements

form arrow position

– 7849 –

p. 75

18 Measurement map

To access the MEASUREMENT MAP function, press Home then Measurement map:

It is an automatic level and error rate measurement of the setups in the measurement list with labeling of the

levels beyond tolerance.

Measurement

result for chan-

nel 38 under

DVB-T/H

– 7849 –

p. 76

BERi, BERo and PER are generic terms (frequently used)

BERi = BER in = inner BER

first BER treated by the demodulator (BER channel, CBER, LDPC)

BERo = BER out = outer BER

last BER treated by the demodulator (BER Viterbi, VBER, BCH)

PER = packet error rate

non-proofread packet, lost packet, wrong packet (UNC, PER)

Important:

A bargraph above the Measurement map allows you to track the evolution of the scan.

The background color of this bargraph shows you that a complete scan has been made

(for a save, for example):

- red: the measurement map has not been totally scanned yet

green: the measurement map has been totally scanned

In case of mixed measurement map (terrestrial+satellite), the satellite remote power

supply has priority (the terrestrial remote power supply is ignored).

18.1 Out of tolerance values

The digital values are colored according to the Thresholds before decision

 red for values less than Threshold min

 orange for values more than Threshold max

– 7849 –

p. 77

19 Configuration

For configuration, go to the Home page, then Configuration

19.1 Language

You can select your language by pressing the « flag » (below). Press the flag corresponding to your language:

19.2 Frequency map

This key allows you to select the terrestrial frequency map of the appliance:

– 7849 –

p. 78

19.3 Memories

To save a picture or any other feature, see chapter Save

The number of saved file and their memory size are displayed.

When pressing this key, a pull-down menu lists the previously saved files.

The first column contains the order number of the file; the second column contains the name of the file; the

last column contains the type of file: Measure, Spectrum, Measurement map…

By pressing a line of the table, you open a window:

– 7849 –

p. 79

19.3.1 View

This key allows the display of the content of the file:

19.3.2 Save

- Save (BMP -> USB) allows you to export the file to the USB stick under BMP format (non-compressed

graph); it is useful to transfer graphs to a report in a PC computer.

Here is the BMP file of the previously displayed DVB-T/H channel, edited on PC to have the spectrum full

screen.

– 7849 –

p. 80

- Save (CSV -> USB) allows you to export the file to the USB stick under CSV format (text file by columns

separated with semicolons); it is useful to analyze values in a spreadsheet.

Here is the spectrum here above with a curve under EXCEL™.

- - Save all (BMP -> USB) records all files from the appliance under BMP format into separated registers:

 LEVEL for the level measurements

 MAP for the measurement maps

 SPECTRUM for the spectrum measurements

 BER-MER for the error rate measurements

 CONST for the constellations

 ECHO for the echoes.

- Save all (CSV -> USB) also records all files from the appliance into separated registers, but under CSV

format.

19.3.3 Update

See chapter Software update for more details.

– 7849 –

p. 81

19.4 Factory recovery

A complete set-up of the appliance under its FACTORY configuration, with confirmation

Attention: In case of factory recovery, you lose:

- the setup library

- the measurement lists

– 7849 –

p. 82

19.5 Configuration import/export

You can make a backup on a USB stick of your setups/lists of your appliance by pushing « « Configuration

Export ».

And you can import from a USB stick this configuration with the touch “Configuration import”. You can also

update checksat/antenna pointing configuration available on SEFRAM’s website:

http://www.sefram.com/Maj_soft/Sat.csv

– 7849 –

p. 83

20 Software update

You can easily update the software to get new functionalities.

The update requires an USB stick.

To achieve the update:

- Download the update file 784X_VX.X fichier zip on our website (www.sefram.fr)

- Insert a USB stick on your PC

- Unzip the file onto the root of the memory stick

- Pull the USB stick off from your computer

- Turn your appliance on

- Go to the Home page, press configuration .

- Insert the USB stick into the connector of the appliance.

- Select Update:

Attention: Do not turn the appliance off while updating

The updating process lasts ca. 10 minutes. At the end of the update, the appliance asks you to restart the

appliance. The software is then loaded into your appliance.

Error messages may show up: Do not take them into account.

Attention: Take care that the remaining battery life is sufficient (> 30%), else plug the

appliance on the mains with the provided adapter.

– 7849 –

p. 84

21 Save

Pressing opens a window (here, on the Measurement page):

In this window, you can save the current measurement parameters from the active list, make a screen shot

to a USB stick under BMP format or make a save into internal memory.

You can rename the save file (see chapter Man-machine interface).

The default name of the save is MEM(X+1) (X is the number of saves in the appliance).

You will be suggested a save into internal memory only in the Spectrum, Measurements, Constellation,

Guard interval and Measurement map pages.

After transfer, you will be able to use the saved measures to create measurement re-

ports on your computer (see paragraph Saves for more details).

When you stop the appliance, it may need a few seconds to stop completely because

the save on flash memory is carried out during the extinction.

– 7849 –

p. 85

22 Connection of the appliance to a PC

The appliance has an ETHERNET interface that makes it possible to connect directly to a PC.

For this type of connection, no driver is necessary.

Connect your appliance to your PC by using a crossed ETHERNET cable (available in option with the num-

ber 298504246 asking SEFRAM).

- Configuration of the connection:

Ethernet connection of your appliance to the PC.

To change the IP address of your appliance, press and:

The PC software in communication with the appliance must have the same IP address as the appliance,

just like in the example below:

With the virtual digital

keypad, type the IP

address you want, then

validate with ENTER

784X

Ethernet

network

PC software, settle the

address at

192.168.0.170

– 7849 –

p. 86

1) Contact your network adminis-

trator to get a free IP address

and the subnet mask

2) Type the IP address and

the subnet mask in the ap-

pliance

3) Type the same IP address and

subnet mask in the PC software

you’re using

Attention: If the PC has already been connected to Ethernet (network, modem…), it is

necessary to reboot the PC before connecting your appliance.

For the Ethernet connection of your appliance to a computer network, see the following scheme:

– 7849 –

p. 87

23 Displayed messages

The appliance may display messages while working.

23.1 Alert messages

Low battery: the appliance is about to shut off in a few minutes.

Confirmation request for an important action.

Remote power supply issue: voltage already present or maximum current exceeded.

– 7849 –

p. 88

Messages of the same kind may show up; the pop up window is an alert; the corresponding message ex-

plains the issue.

23.2 Error messages

A message may show up at the bottom of the screen immediately after updating the software. Do not take it

into account as far as it does not show up at a second start-up.

Else, or for any other problem, contact the SEFRAM technical support:

 e-mail : support@sefram.fr

 Téléphone : 04 77 59 01 01

– 7849 –

p. 89

24 Maintenance

This appliance requires some maintenance to meet its requirements and maintain its general characteristics.

Consequences

Recommended periodicity of con-

trols

Recommended

use limit

BATTERY

Reduction of the bat-

tery life

200 charge / dis-

charge cycles

or 2 years

STRAPS

Breakdown

At each use

Check the holding of the straps

Back Light SCREEN

Reduction of visibility

1 year

Measurement setting

/ check

Erroneous measures

Once a year

12 months

CONNECTIONS

Erroneous measures

At any measurement

This "advice" does not engage the responsibility of SEFRAM I.S.

It guarantees the best possible use of the characteristics and the preservation of the product.

Routine maintenance:

The basic maintenance is simply cleaning the outside of the appliance. Any other operation requires a

trained personal.

Unplug the appliance before any intervention.

Do not let water flow inside the appliance: risk of electric shock.

Regularly clean the appliance under the following conditions:

- use soapy water

- never use any product containing petrol, benzene, alcohols that would attack silkscreen printings

- wipe out with a soft lint-free cloth

- use a solvent-free antistatic product to clean the screen.

RF socket :

- Make sure there are no specks of copper between the weight and the mass.

- Replace periodically the adapter F/F, an adapter in poor condition distorts all the measures.

– 7849 –

p. 90

INFORMATION ABOUT THE LCD COLOR SCREEN WITH ACTIVE MATRIX

Your SEFRAM field strength meter is equipped with a LCD color screen with active matrix.

This screen is provided by renowned manufacturers. In the current technical conditions of manufacture, they

cannot guarantee 100% good functioning pixels in the display zone. They specify a number of possible de-

fective pixels at the surface of the screen.

The SEFRAM quality service has preconditioned the mounting of the screen on your instrument to the re-

spect of the acceptance conditions of the manufacturers.

Acceptance criteria:

Zone A (central zone): total less than 5 defective pixels, less than 3 contiguous pixels.

Zone B (total surface of the screen): less than 9 defective pixels on the whole surface of the screen, with re-

spect of the conditions prevailing in zone A.

Is considered as defective any pixel on screen that does not light up or lights up in a different color as ex-

pected.

The contractual guarantee on your field strength measurer can be exerted only if these criteria are not met,

as well at delivery as during the period of guarantee.

B ZONE

A ZONE

(Diagonal 60% B)

– 7849 –

p. 91

25 Technical specifications

25.1 Technical specifications

Technical specifications

Terrestrial band Satellite band

Frequencies

Range

5-900 MHz

900-2200 MHz

Resolution

measure 50 kHz, display 1 kHz

measure 1MHz, display 1MHz

Level measurements

Dynamic range

20-120 dBµV (30-120 dBµV for 5-45MHz)

30-110 dBµV

Noise floor level

10 dBµV typical

20 dBµV typical

Units

dBµV

Accuracy

±2dB +/- 0.05dB/°C

Resolution

0,1dB

Measurement Filters

100KHz - 300 kHz - 1MHz

1MHz - 3MHz - 10MHz

Standards

DVB-C/C2, DVB-T/T2/T2lite

BG, DK, I, L, MN, carrier

DVB-S/S2, DSS

PAL, SECAM, NTSC

Mesures

RF level/power, C/N

Spectrum Analyser

Fast Mode

350 ms typ. (3 times/s)

Filters (according to span)

100kHz, 300kHz, 1 MHz

1MHz - 3MHz - 10MHz

Attenuator

automatic or manual (0 to 55 dB with 5 dB step)

Dynamic range (display)

60 dB (10 dB/div)

Span

5MHz à full span 1, 2, 5 step

Pre-echos /Echos DVBT/T2

Dynamic range

DVB-T : 50 dB, -75km +75km ( 8k)

DVB-T2 : 50 dB, -75km +75km ( 8k)

DVB-C2 : 50 dB, -35km +35km (4k)

Units

µs, km, miles

Constellation display

yes, standards DVB-T/T2, DVB-C/C2, DVB-S/S2, DSS

Measurement Map

Capacity

scanning of 50 setups maximum

Display

Texte table

TV MPEG

Digital Multiplex (not coded)

MPEG2 SD (définition standard)

MPEG4 HD (haute définition H.264)

Service table DVB-SI

SDT, LCN

Sound

MPEG-1, MPEG-2, AAC, HE AAC, Dolby® Digital, Dolby® Digital Plus

– 7849 –

p. 92

25.2 Digital measurements

DVB-T/H

Bit Error Rate (BER)

CBER (before Viterbi BERi)

VBER (after Viterbi BERo)

UNC (lost packets PER)

Noise margin

Modulation Error Rate(MER)

5 - 35dB

Bandwidth

6MHz, 7 MHz, 8 MHz

FFT type

2k, 8k, auto

Constellation

QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, auto

Viterbi rate

1/2, 2/3, 3/4, 5/6, 7/8, auto

Guard interval

auto, manual

Spectrum inversion

auto

HP/LP – PLP – Data Slice

HP/LP

Standards

ETS 300-744

DVB-T2 / T2 Lite

Bit Error Rate (BER)

LDPC (BERi)

BCH (BERo)

FER (frame error PER)

Noise margin

Modulation Error Rate(MER)

5 - 35dB

Bandwidth

1.7MHz, 5MHz, 6MHz, 7 MHz, 8 MHz

Mode

SISO, MISO, PLP single or multiple

FFT type

1k, 2k, 4k, 8k, 16k, 32k + extended bandwidth, auto

Constellation

QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM, auto

Viterbi rate

1/2, 3/5, 2/3, 3/4, 4/5, 5/6, 1/3, 2/5, auto

Guard Interval

auto

Spectrum inversion

auto

HP/LP – PLP – Data Slice

PLP

Standards

ETS 302-755

DVB-C J83A

Bit Error Rate (BER)

BER (before Reed Solomon BERo)

UNC (lost packets PER)

Noise margin

Modulation Error Rate(MER)

20 - 40dB

Symbol Rate

1 to 7.224 Ms/s

Constellation

16QAM, 32QAM, 64QAM, 128QAM, 256QAM

Spectrum inversion

auto

Standards

ETS 300-429

DVB-C2

Bit Error Rate (BER)

LDPC (BERi)

BCH (BERo)

FER (frame error PER)

Noise margin

Modulation Error Rate(MER)

5 - 35dB

Symbole rate

Bandwidth

6MHz, 8 MHz

Mode

PLP and data slice, single or multiple

FFT type

Constellation

16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM, 1024QAM, 4096QAM, auto

Viterbi rate

2/3, 3/4, 4/5, 5/6, 8/9, 9/10

– 7849 –

p. 93

Guard interval

auto

Spectrum inversion

auto

HP/LP – PLP – Data Slice

PLP+Data Slice

Standards

ETS 302-769

DVB-S, DSS

Bit Error Rate (BER)

CBER (before Viterbi BERi)

VBER (after Viterbi BERo)

UNC (lost packets PER)

Link margin

Modulation Error Rate(MER)

0 - 20dB

Symbole rate

1 to 45Ms/s

Constellation

QPSK

Viterbi rate

1/2, 2/3, 3/4, 5/6, 6/7, 7/8, auto

Spectrum inversion

auto

Standards

ETS 300-421

DVB-S2

Bit Error Rate (BER)

LDPC (BERi)

BCH (BERo)

PER

Link margin

Modulation Error Rate(MER)

0 - 20dB

Symbol rate

1 to 45Ms/s

Constellation

QPSK, 8PSK, 16APSK, 32APSK

Modulation

CCM, VCM, ACM

Multistream

stream select ISI 0-99, PL scrambling (Gold code)

Viterbi rate

2/5, 1/2, 3/5, 2/3, 3/4, 5/6, 8/9, 9/10, auto

Spectrum inversion

auto

Standards

ETS 302-307

– 7849 –

p. 94

25.3 Divers

Storage

Memory

Internal on non-volatile memory, or external USB stick (not supplied)

Data saved

measurements (level, BER/MER, Measurement Maps, Spectrum,…)

Capacity

512 Ko (about 150 files)

Inputs / Outputs

RF input

75 Ohms, F (with adaptor)

Max permitted voltage

48V RMS / 50Hz

Interfaces

USB A, USB mini B, Ethernet 10baseT (RJ45)

DC supply input

jack 5.5 mm

15 V max, 5 A max

Remote supply

Terrestrial

Satellite

Voltage

5V/13V/18 V/24V

500 mA max (300mA for 24V)

13/18 V

500 mA max

DiSEqC

DiSEqC 1.2

control of dish motor

switches committed & uncommitted

Mini DiSEqC (22kHz)

22 kHz, ToneBurst

SCD /SATCR EN 50494

Single cable satellite distribution

8 slots max

switch committed

SCD2 EN 50607

Single cable satellite distribution v2

32 slots max

switchs committed & uncommitted

code PIN

– 7849 –

p. 95

25.4 General specifications

Display

LCD TFT 7 inch color 16/9, luminosity backlight 500 cd/m², 800x480 dots

Touch capacitive

External supply

Main adaptator 110/230 VAC, with 5,5mm jack, 15 V 1 A

Battery

Batterie Li-ion 25W

Autonomy

2 hours typical, depending of use

Charging time

1,5 hour for 80% of capacity

Operating temperature

-5°C to 45°C

Storage temperature

-10°C to 60°C

EMC and safety

NF EN 61326-1(2013) et NF EN 61326-2-1(2013) (class B, basic electromagnetic environment) / NF EN

61010

Dimensions

250 x 165 x 65 mm

Weight

1,350 kg

25.5 Accessories

Supplied with: main adaptor, user’s manual (CD-ROM), F/F adaptor, protective pouch (mounted) with belt

and clip, transportation bag.

Optional accessories:

 Car cigar lighter adaptor: ref. 978361000

 Carrying bag 784X/781X: ref. 978481000

 Luxury backpack réf. 978751000

 Sun protector + Rain protector + coat hook ref. 978489000

 Rain protector réf. 978489500

Contact our sales department SEFRAM.

04 77 59 01 01

– 7849 –

p. 96

25.6 V, dBµV, dBmV et dBm conversion

dBμV (dBmV) is a logarithmic ratio between a measured voltage Ud and a reference voltage Ur.

The reference voltage is Ur = 1 μV (1 mV)

N = 20 log (Ud/Ur)

dBm is a logarithmic ratio between a measured power Pd and a reference power Pr.

The reference power is Pr = 1 mW into 75 ohms.

N = 10 log (Pd/Pr) with Pd = Ud2 / 75

Ud = 1 µV N = 0 dBµV N = - 60 dBmV N = -108.75 dBm

Ud = 1 mV N = 60 dBµV N = 0 dBmV N = -48.75 dBm

Ud = 1 V N = 120 dBµV N = 60 dBmV N = 11.25 dBm

25.7 Typical values for measurements

Values given are indicatives, minimum and maximum for good signal quality

Measurements

Level, power (dBµV)

C/N

(dB)

BER

MER

(dB)

modulation

mini

maxi

Terrestrial

Analogue TV

> 45

> 38

DAB/DAB+

BER < 2E-4

DVB-T/H

> 26

VBER < 2E-4

> 26

8K, 64QAM, 1/32, 2/3

DVB-T2

> 22

FER < 2E-7

> 22

32K, 256QAM, 1/8, 2/3

DVB-C

> 31

BER < 2E-4

> 31

64QAM

Satellite

Analogue TV

> 15

DVB-S, DSS

> 11

VBER < 2E-4

> 11

QPSK, 3/4

DVB-S2

> 8

PER < 1E-7

> 8

8PSK, 2/3

– 7849 –

p. 97

26 Terminology

2K/8K : The number of carrier waves of the DTT channel

The 8K mode (6817 carrier waves in the channel, including 6048 carrying useful data)

The 2K mode (1705 carrier waves in the channel, including 1512 carrying useful data)

For the same purpose, the 8K mode allows the selection of a larger guard interval than the 2K mode, thus a

better resistance to echoes

SPECTRAL ANALYSIS : Method used to highlight the characteristics of the signal. The interest of this analysis is

to visualize the troublemakers as well as the shape of the signal. The spectrum analysis highlights the amplitude

frequency characteristic.

FREQUENCY BAND : Continued portion of the frequency spectrum having made the object of a particular affecta-

tion (telecommunication, television, internal security…)

Exemple : UHF band → 470 to 860 MHz

BCH : Bose Chauhuri Houquenohem

Algorithm used to correct errors in transmissions of digital satellite DVB-S2 signals.

BER : Bit Error Rate

Calculation of the erroneous bits with regard to the number of transmitted bits. BER demonstrates the degrada-

tion of the digital information.

TV PACKAGE : Set of channels spread and marketed by a same operator (TPS, Cnal Satellite…)

CHANNEL : Assignment of a number to the transmission frequency of an audio video signal. TV channels

receive numbers. Specific to each country.

Example : from 21 to 69 for the UFH band

canal 21 = frequency 471,25 MHz

CELL ID: Cell identification

Identification of the DVB-T emitter with 4 digits in hexadecimal format, which means 65536 possibilities.

C/N : Carrier to Noise ratio

A good C/N ratio helps the quality of the pictures on the TV screen. Ratio in dB.

Caution: You have to take the ratio analysis filter width / channel into account.

COFDM: Coded Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex.

Digital coding used for DTT. Its principle is to transmit information via many carrier waves (2K or 8K

mode).

Carrier wave

C/N

Noise

– 7849 –

p. 98

CONSTELLATION : Control mean for the quality of the signal by a group of points making spots on the

screen of

the field meter. The more circular and distinct the spots of the constellation, the better the quality

of the

signal. In addition, according to the shape of the spots, you can evaluate the kind of error. This function is

available on field meters that enable the display of the constellation for any type of digital signal QAM,

QPSK

and COFDM.

Typically:

-QAM (cable) : 64 spots (16 spots per quarter)

-COFDM (TNT) : 64 spots (16 spots per quarter)

-QPSK (Satellite) : 4 spots (1 spot per quarter)

-8PSK (Satellite) : 8 spots (on a circle)

COUNTER-POLARIZATION: Ratio between the levels received from the desired polarization and the

opposed polarization (it should be as high as possible). To adjust the counter-polarization, you have to

turn the head of

the dish.

DAB: Digital Audio Broadcasting.

The Digital Audio Broadcasting is a standardized audio broadcasting system (coded in COFDM).

It exists on the following bands:

L Band: 1452-1492Mhz

3 Band: 223-230Mhz

DVB-T: Broadcasting norm for the terrestrial digital television, COFDM modulation

DVB-C: Broadcasting norm for the cable digital television, QAM modulation

DVB-C2: Broadcasting norm for the cable digital television by cable (based on DVB-T2)

DVB-S: Broadcasting norm for the satellite digital television, QPSK modulation

DVB-S2: Broadcasting norm for the satellite digital television, QPSK or 8PSK modulation

DISEQC: Digital Satellite Equipement Control.

Control norm for the equipment of reception for satellite signals. Uses a 22kHz signal superimposed to

the

remote supply voltage of the satellite dish.

FREQUENCY: Parameter that characterizes the radio-electrical wave. It is measured in “Hertz“. We

– 7849 –

p. 99

usually use

some multiples of this unit: kilohertz (kHz), megahertz (MHz), gigahertz (GHz).

ex.: At Saint Etienne (Guizay), the TF1 frequency is 583.25 MHz

HP/LP: high/low priority  possibility to transmit 2 multiplexes under the same channel in digit format (

ex.: in COFDM, we have a very robust high priority flow in QPSK; secondary flow in 16QAM)

GUARD INTERVAL: The guard interval is the time when the signal is not emitted: all signals carrying

the same

information but coming from different sources (various emitters or through multiple reflections) won't dis-

turb

each other.

Value for DTT: 1/32 (28µs), that permits echoes lower than 8.4km

I SOFREQUENCY: (or SFN: Single Frequency Network)

A DVB-T emitter network that emits on a whole region or a country at the same frequency.

 risk of echoes outside the guard interval

 moving reception

LNB: Low Noise Block-converter

A LNB (or universal head) is a standard converter for the analogical and digital reception of a satellite.

The reception is made on 2 low/high frequency band and 2 horizontal/vertical polarizations of the received

wave.

The commutation of the band is made by a 13/18Volt voltage. The commutation of the polarization is

made by a 22kHz signal superimposed to this voltage (you can also use the DiSEqC commutation for

some LNB).

LDPC: Low Density Parity Checker

An algorithm used to correct errors in transmissions of digital satellite transmissions DVB-S2 signals.

NOISE MARGIN: Difference between the measured and the theoretical noise level before incorrigible

errors.

Difference in dB between the measured C/N and the minimum C/N for error-free transmission.

MER: Modulation Error Ratio

Ratio in dB measuring the distance between the theoretical dot and the observed dot on a constellation

quarter. You can use it to control the reception: the higher this value, the better the image.

Communication

control

LNA+MIXER

Local Oscillator

10,6 GHz

Local Oscillator

9,75 GHz

22kHz

0kHz

18V

13V

Waves

Exit

BIS

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p. 100

BB B Error vector

RRR Magnitude vector (from the reference dot to the ideal dot)

MODULATION: Once the signal has been coded, it is modulated with a carrier wave for transmission.

AM (Amplitude Modulation): analogical modulation of the amplitude of the carrier wave

FM (Frequency Modulation): analogical modulation of the frequency of the carrier wave

QPSK (Quadrature Phase Shift Keying): phase digital modulation

QAM (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation): phase and amplitude digital modulation

COFDM (Coded Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex): phase and amplitude digital modulation on

multiple carrier waves; for DTT.

MPEG : Motion Picture Expert Group

MPEG is a family of compressed digital coding formats for audio / video. The aim of MPEG coding is to

hugely reduce the amount of transmitted information with as little loss as possible thanks to very complex

compression algorithms.

The MPEG 2 option on the SEFRAM field meters allows you to view and control TV programs (coded

under MPEG) directly on the meters.

ex.: On the Astra satellite, the EURONEWS and SPORT + channels are non-crypted and visible on the

field meters.

MULTIPLEX : Set of channels broadcasted by the same operator (smaller set than a package). In DTT, a

multiplex has a 24.5Mbits/s flow rate. A multiplex enables the diffusion of 6 programs in standard

definition

NIT : Network Information Table – Information about the network/package

Enables the display of a description of the measured transponder. The information is sent non-coded in

the data flow from the QAM, COFDM or QPSK decoder. The information items are:

- Name of the operator

- List of the transponders of the package

- Orbital position of the satellite (in Satellite mode).

OFFSET: The central frequency of a DTT channel may be shifted by ± 166.7 kHz in case of adjacent

analogical channel to prevent disturbances

OL: A local oscillator that converts the frequency received from the satellite, in GHz, into an intermediary

frequency that the demodulator can use, in MHz.

ex.: a 11.778 GHz frequency from the satellite passing through a 10.6 GHz OL LNB becomes a

11.778-10.600=1.178 MHz

See LNB scheme.

AUDIO AND VIDEOPID: Packet Identifier. MPEG service information.

In the digital MPEG flow, the (audio or video) packets all include a PID to get binary data from each ser-

vice.

Frequency plan: There are various Frequency Plans according to places and standards. In the

SEFRAM

field meters, the frequency plans are pre-programmed: they gather the most frequently used frequency

bands.

Measure plan : Allows the simultaneous view of characteristics (frequencu, channel, standard…) of var-

ious programs (TF1, France2…) with location of measures except tolerance. Allows to carry out BER livel

measures, for a list of programs.

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p. 101

PLP : (Physical Layer Pipe) from 1 to 256 channels are available in DVB-T2 to transport inde-

pendent multiplexes.

POLARIZATION: Polarization of a signal from the satellite. It can be either:

linearly polarized, horizontally or vertically:

Circularly polarized to the right or the left

In ground reception, the polarization is generally horizontal (the stalks of antennas are horizon-

tal). Some receptions in band VHF are in vertical polarization (Canal+). In this case, the stalks of

the antenna are vertical.

POSITIONER: A motorized system for the rotation of a satellite dish. Positioners are operated

by DiSEqC commands

QAM : Quadrature Amplitude Modulation.

This kind of modulation is used for digital transmissions (cable networks and DTT).

QPSK: Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (or 4PSK)

A kind of modulation mostly used for satellites.

8PSK : A type of modulation identical to QPSK, but with an 8-possibility (3-bit) coding. This kind

of modulation enables

higher rates than QPSK and is compatible with DVB-S2.

REED-SOLOMON : An algorithm used to correct errors in digital transmissions

STANDARD : Any norm that defines the characteristics of a modulation.

Analogical standards: L, BG, DK, etc.

Digital standards:

QAM for cable television

QPSK, 8PSK for satellite television

COFDM for terrestrial digital television

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T-DMB : A digital broadcasting system based on the DAB.

This very robust broadcasting mode for mobile applications thanks to the modulation used

(DQPSK=differential QPSK). Allows the reception of digital television but also of television pro-

grams on

small-size appliances like mobile telephones or PDA

TOP DE SYNCHRO : Signal carré indiquant le début d’une trame ou d’une ligne.

TVHD : Télévision Haute Définition

En télévision standard, le nombre de lignes composant l’image va de 480(NTSC) à 576 (PAL et

SECAM). Chaque ligne comprend 720 pixels. Pour comparer à l’informatique, un téléviseur cor-

respond à une résolution SVGA 800 x 600. La proportion de l’image est de 4/3 (rapport largeur /

hauteur).

En télévision HD, l’image est constituée de 1080 lignes, chacune constituée de 1920 pixels – soit

un équivalent de 2M pixels.

Les téléviseurs HD ready ont une résolution minimale de 1280 par 720

Les téléviseurs Full HD ont une résolution minimale de 1920 par 1080

UNC : un-corrected packets

VIACCESS - MEDIAGUARD : Decryption systems used in Europe by many operators (TPS, Canal

Satellite…).

With the Viaccess and Mediaguard options in a SEFRAM field meter and your subscription card,

you will be

able to view encrypted programs on the meter.

VITERBI : An algorithm used to correct errors in digital transmissions

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p. 103

27 CE Declaration

7849 Manual

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