COSMED Srl K4B2T-USA TELEMETRY UNIT User Manual II

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Exercise testing
Recommendations for the exercise testing
The evaluation of the cardiorespiratory function
The physical training requires the interaction of physiological mechanisms that allow
the cardiovascular and respiratory systems to supply the increasing demand of energy
due to the contraction of the muscles.
During the training the systems are both engaged, an adequate answer to the effort is the
measure of theirs health state.
The increase of the metabolic rate, during the exercise, needs an appropriate increase of
oxygen in the muscles. At the same time, the CO2 muscles production must be removed
in order to avoid the lactic acid making.
To satisfy the increase in the gas exchange, necessary to the muscles during the
exercise, is requested the intervention of many physiological mechanisms. This process
involves lungs, the pulmonary circulation, the heart and the peripheral circulation.
Precautions
The physician has the responsibility that the patient subjects to the test is a suitable
person able to execute an effort test.
Laboratory
The room, in which the test is performed, must be big enough to contain the whole
necessary equipment, allowing an easier accessibility to the patient in case of
emergency.
In the room should be placed a thermometer and a hygrometer; the heart frequency and
the perceived values of the effort rise as much as the ambient temperature increases, and
the variability of the cardiovascular response grows for humidity values higher of 60%.
Generally it is considered 22°C the temperature adequate for the test execution, even for
short efforts, values till 26°C can be considered acceptable in presence of an efficient air
ventilation.
Ending the test
The patient should be monitored with ECG for at least 8 minutes, in resting conditions
or until he returns to the pre-exercise conditions.
Preparing the patient
To enhance the value of a diagnostic test it’s very important patient collaboration. In
most cases a well-informed patient will make a better effort (in relation to his
conditions) and will allow a reliable interpretation of the test. For this reason every
ergometric test must be preceded from a precise training of the patient.
Before testing
The physician applying the exam must be provided with a written request including a
brief description of the diagnosis (confirmed or suspected ), the request’s reason and the
patient therapy carried out showing the dose and time of the drug assumption.
To standardise the response to the test and reduce the patient’s anxiety it’s suggested to
provide him either written (before the exam) or oral (at the same time of the test)
information. At the scheduling time detailed instructions should be delivered to the
patient, consisting in smoke and food abstinence three hours before an ergometric test,
or eight hours before a scintigraphic test.
Test are usually executed supporting the therapeutic outline in progress, but sometimes
it could be necessary to stop some drugs, such as b-block or calcium antagonist, which
could impair the effort response reducing the diagnostic accuracy of the exam.
The patient must wear comfortable suit and gymnastic shoes and two hours before test
stop any kind of drugs, eat light and avoid coffee and smoke.
72 - K4 b User Manual
It’s very important acquire information on the patient’s clinical past before performing
the test. Keep attention in particular way to the use of drugs, tobacco, to the physical
fitness and symptoms produced with the exercise.
Patient assent
The patient is informed that he will be submitted to a maximum effort, which could be
stopped at any moment, and of the risks of the test execution.
Ending the test
Test may end when the maximum value of the oxygen consumption has been reached
and the patient’s response established.
Chapter 7 - Exercise Testing - 73
Real time test
Before starting exercise test type a new patient information or choose one from the list
of patient in the file. As soon as a patient has been entered the software is ready to start
a test. The name of the active patient is shown on the status bar of the program window.
Start a test
Start the test as described in the chapter Operating modes. If you use the device in
Holter mode, please skip this until Data management. The following is applicable only
to tests performed with the PC (telemetry or serial mode).
The software environment will change showing a new Menu bar and toolbar while the
first data will be displayed in a table format.
At this point the software starts showing data on the monitor but without saving them,
this in order to monitor the patient before starting the test. To start storing data press F2.
Abort the test without saving data
Choose Abort from the Test menu or press Alt+F3.
End the test saving data
1.
2.
Choose End from the Test menu or press F3.
Choose Yes to end the test or No to continue.
View data in real-time
The visualisation features and capabilities of the data and graphs are identical to the
ones described in the Data management chapter. Starting the test a small window will
appear on the right corner displaying time, bmp and, if selected before, the ergo
protocol and trainer.
View graphs in real-time
1.
2.
Choose Graph from the View menu.
Follow the instructions described in data management section to edit the graphs.
Parameters to view
While the test is running, it is possible to choose the parameters to view.
1. Select Parameters to view/Test execution… from the Options menu.
2. Select the parameters and confirm.
74 - K4 b User Manual
Manual protocol
If you are using the K4 b2 with a treadmill without serial interface, it is possible to enter
manually from the PC the event, the phase and the marker.
sss
Tip: pressing the Shift key
while choosing the marker
option will allow you to enter
the label for that marker.
Enter Load and Phase
1.
2.
During the test select Load from the Events menu.
Select the phase and/or type the value of the load and press OK to confirm.
Set the markers
Select Marker from the Events menu.
Automatic protocol
The software allows to automatically control the ergometer according to the protocol
previously selected. Anyway it is allowed to change it even after the test is started.
Modify the load during the test
1.
2.
During the test choose Ergometric protocol from the Events menu.
Select the row corresponding to the desired load and press OK to confirm.
Set the BPM alarm
The software allows the user to set the alarm level for the heart rate, in order to monitor
the patient response.
Enter the BPM
1. Choose BPM alarm from the Events menu.
2. Set the alarm by moving the scroll bar and press OK to confirm.
It also allows to enable or disable the acoustic alarm by the option "Acoustic alarm".
Chapter 7 - Exercise Testing - 75
Data management
As soon as the test has been completed or downloaded, all data stored can be retrieved
for a complete management.
Viewing data
Data can be viewed in the following formats:
Table form
numeric values of the various parameters (columns) corresponding to
each step (rows).
Graphic form
graphical presentation on Y1, Y2, X charts.
Summary
results of the test and statistical analysis of the blocks.
Predicted
predicted values, maximum value measured.
View data in table form
1.
2.
Select Data… from the View menu.
Select the test to visualise in the list box and press OK
sss
Note: Double-click in the
window to open the edit test.
Creating graphs
The software is provided with powerful functions for creating charts. You can add
custom graphs to create exactly what you need.
View data in graph form
Choose Graph… from the View menu.
Select the tests to visualise from the list and press OK
Choose the parameters you require on the X, Y1 and eventually for Y2; select if
necessary some of the following options by pressing the more button and press OK
to confirm.
It is possible to access quickly 5 common graphs from the View/Graph… dialog box.
1.
2.
3.
76 - K4 b User Manual
sss
Note: Double-click in the graph
window to open the edit test
Right-clicking, the graph can be exported in bmp file format.
Customise the graphs
1.
2.
With a graph on the screen, choose Customise graph from the View menu.
On the Customise graph dialog box, select options to obtain the wished graph.
Option
Function
Grid on X, Y axes
show the grid lines in correspondence with x or y axes that
make the graph easier for you to analyse data.
maximum and minimum values of the graph will be measured
automatically.
points with 0 value measured won't be shown.
make the graph scattered.
highlight with a symbol all steps of the test in which the marker
button was pressed.
makes the graph a square
exclude from the graph all points of the recovery phase.
marks each point with a symbol
allows to set manually the axes values.
Set the axes' scale step.
Autoscale
Ignore 0
Not interpolated
Marker
Squared
Without recovery
Mark points
Min. Max.
Step
Switch from graph to data and vice versa
When the active window is a graph (or a report in data form), it is possible to view very
quickly the data (or the graph) corresponding to that test.
Choose Current test data (if the active window is a graph) or Current test graph…
(if the active window is a data report) from the View menu.
Chapter 7 - Exercise Testing - 77
Viewing predicted values
For some parameter it is possible to compare the maximum value measured during the
test with its predicted value and the LT value both in percentage and absolute.
View predicted values
Choose Predicted from the View menu.
Anaerobic (Lactate) Threshold detection
The software allows to detect the Lactate Threshold (Anaerobic Threshold) according to
the "Modified V-slope method" reference. The LT can be detected both manually and
automatically.
View the Lactate Threshold
Choose Lactate Threshold from the View menu.
Detect the Lactate Threshold
1.
2.
3.
4.
Choose Calculate LT from the Test menu.
For calculating it automatically on the "Lactate Threshold" dialog box click on the
Auto detect button.
For adjusting manually the point you want to detect, move the scroll bar on the
dialog box by pressing the arrow buttons. Data and graph of the LT will be
automatically redrawn.
Press Ok button to save your choices.
sss
Note: Double-click in the
window to open the
corresponding dialog box.
Customise graphs for the LT viewing
The software allows to customise two of the three graphs for the LT visualisation.
1. Choose Lactate Threshold from the Options menu.
2. Choose the parameters you want to be shown on the LT window and press OK to
confirm your choices.
78 - K4 b User Manual
Fittings
The purpose of the fitting function is to find the function that fits as better as possible
the measured data.
The software allows to fit data according to 3 different functions:
Model
Function
Algorithm
Available for
Linear
Y=A*X+B
Least squares
Any Y vs any X graph
Mono-Exp Y=A+B*exp[(t-t0)/tau] Levemberg Marquardt Any Y vs Time Graph
Mean value
This function is available only if the active window is a single Y graph (i.e. VO2 vs time
or VO2 vs Load).
Fit a graph with a linear regression
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Make active the graph window (any Y vs any X graph).
Right-click and select Fitting.
Choose Linear in the type combo box
Select the first point (X1) moving the mouse on the desired place in the graph
pressing the Left key or using the + and – keys.
Select the second point (X2) moving the mouse on the desired place in the graph
pressing the Right key or using the + and – keys.
Press OK to confirm.
Fit a graph with a Mono-exponential regression
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Make active the graph window (any Y vs any X graph).
Right-click and select Fitting.
Choose Mono-exponential in the type combo box
Select the first point (X1) moving the mouse on the desired place in the graph
pressing the Left key or using the + and – keys.
Select the second point (X2) moving the mouse on the desired place in the graph
pressing the Right key or using the + and – keys.
Enter (if necessary) the initial values of A, B and TAU (these are the values from
which the iterative algorithm starts in order to reach the best values; the closer are
the initial coefficients to the best ones the higher is the possibility to reach the best
fit).
Press OK to confirm.
Chapter 7 - Exercise Testing - 79
Calculate the "Mean Value"
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Make active the graph window (any Y vs any X graph).
Right-click and select Fitting.
Choose Mean value in the type combo box
Select the first point (X1) moving the mouse on the desired place in the graph
pressing the Left key or using the + and – keys.
Select the second point (X2) moving the mouse on the desired place in the graph
pressing the Right key or using the + and – keys.
Press OK to confirm.
Note: The results of the O2 Fittings function are not stored therefore, in order to keep
the information, print the page using File/print Active Window.
Oxygen Kinetic
This function is available only if the active window is a VO2 vs time graph and it has a
sense only with Constant Load Exercise Tests.
The aim of this function is to find the dynamic response of the rising and falling edges
of the VO2 together with the Oxygen Deficit and Oxygen Debt.
Run the O2 Kinetic function
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
80 - K4 b User Manual
Make active a VO2 vs Time graph window.
Press the right key of the mouse and select O2 Kinetic.
Select the beginning of the exercise phase (t1) moving the mouse on the desired
place in the graph pressing the Left key or using the + and - keys.
Select the beginning of the exercise phase (t2) moving the mouse on the desired
place in the graph pressing the Right key or using the + and - keys.
Enter (if necessary) the initial values for A, B and Tau (these are the values from
which the iterative algorithm starts in order to reach the best values; the closer are
the initial coefficients to the best ones the higher is the possibility to reach the best
fit) and press OK. You can lock data checking the relative field
Information about the Test
The Test Information dialog box shows all the information concerning environmental
data, patient data and some data about the test
View the Information
Choose Information from the View menu.
Modify the information
1. Press the Modify button on the Information dialog box.
2. Change the values you want to modify and press OK to confirm.
The software allows to assess the energy expenditure and metabolism substratum. In
order to measure FAT and CHO, type the UN (Ureic Nitrogen) value into the field. All
the nutritional parameter will be recalculate considering the UN value.
Summary
The summary feature allows to summarise test results according to the workload and
phase during the test.
View the summary
1.
2.
Choose Summary from the View menu.
The summary of the current test (active window) will be displayed.
sss
Tip: double-clicking on the
Summary window the
function Options/Summary
is activated by which you
may configure the structure
of the data.
Print the data
It is possible to print graphs and data by means of two functions: Print report and
Print current window. The last one is active only if the active window is a graph or a
data report.
Chapter 7 - Exercise Testing - 81
Print the current window
1.
2.
3.
Be sure that the current active window is the graph or the report you desire to print.
Select Print current window from File menu.
Press OK to print, or Setup to customise the print.
Print the report
1.
2.
3.
Select the report to be printed from File menu.
Press OK to print, or Setup to customise the print.
To only view the report, without printing it, press Shift during the selection.
View the report
This function allows to show a preview of a selected report.
1. Select Report from the View menu.
2. Select the test and the report to visualise and press OK to confirm.
82 - K4 b User Manual
Data Editing
The software allows the user to edit the data acquired during the test in the following
ways:
sss
Nota: In Data view, doubleclick in the window to enter
in “Data Editing”.
•
deleting one or more steps
•
editing row data
•
input new parameters
•
data filtering (averaging or smoothing)
• advanced data elaboration
After data elaboration it is always possible to restore the original data file by pressing
the Restore button .
If you want to save permanently all the changes, press Overwrite; being aware this
function replaces the original test definitely.
Editing values and input numerical values
Choose Edit test from the Test menu.
Select the cell containing the value you want to replace with others values and press
OK to confirm the editing.
The software will recompute all the parameters. Both the tables and the graphs will be
automatically updated.
1.
2.
Data filtering
1.
2.
3.
4.
Choose Edit test from the Test menu.
Press the button Filtering and choose the option Discard invalid steps to
automatically eliminate all the invalid steps
Press the button Filtering and choose the option Averaging and type the desired
value for points Ave/smooth to perform an averaging of the all acquired steps. This
feature reduces the size of the original test.
Press the button Filtering, select the option Smoothing and type the desired value
for points. This feature doesn't reduce the size of the original test, although it
smoothes the fluctuation of data.
Chapter 7 - Exercise Testing - 83
Using the User fields
The software is provided with three free fields in which the user may enter values
coming from others devices such as lactate, blood pressure etc.
To define the user fields:
1. Choose User Fields from the Options menu
2. Type the desired text in the input fields and press OK.
To enter values in the user fields:
1. Choose Edit test from the Test menu.
2. Scroll horizontally until the fields USER 1, 2 and 3.
3. Enter the desired values and press OK to confirm.
Deleting steps
This feature is useful whenever some steps acquired during the test are to be discarded
(steps acquired before the start of the test, patient disconnected from the face mask....).
1. Choose Edit tests from the Test menu.
2. Position the cursor on the step you want to delete and press the button Delete step.
Advanced Editing
This feature allows to perform some advanced editing of the data stored in the software.
1. Choose Edit test from the Test menu.
2. Press the Advanced button and select from the following options:
Option
Function
Delete steps
Smoothing
Edit parameter
deletes the steps meeting the selection criteria
applies a moving average to the selected parameter
edits a parameter according to the selected criteria
Edit parameter
Specifications
Value
Correction %
replaces the value of the selected parameter with a new one.
applies a percentage correction to the value of the selected
parameter.
adds an offset to the value of the selected parameter.
replaces the value of the selected parameter with a
mathematical function.
Offset
Formula...
84 - K4 b User Manual
Time range
Specifications
From, To
All steps
specifies the time range.
applies the editing from the beginning to the end of the test.
Apply to
Specifications
Parameter
>, >=, =, <, <=, <>
specifies the reference parameter
higher than, higher or equal, equal to, lower than, lower or
equal, different
specifies the value (mathematical expression) compared
with the value of the specified parameter.
do not use any selection criteria.
Value/Formula…
All steps
Restore the original test
To cancel all the editing, in the "Edit Test" dialog box press the Restore button, confirm
your choice by pressing yes.
Overwrite the original test
To save all the editing, replacing the original test with the modified one, in the "Edit
Test" dialog box press the Overwrite button, confirm your choice by pressing yes.
Customise the desktop
Customise the display colours
1.
2.
3.
Select Colors from Options menu.
Select the item to be modified.
Press Change and select the desired colour.
Smart edit
This function is useful to correct data from artefacts; the noise affecting the measured
data can be reduced in 2 different ways:
Graphical noise suppression
using the mouse
Threshold noise suppression
applying a filter to the measured data
Apply the graphical noise suppression
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Make active a graph or a data window corresponding to the test that you want to
modify.
Press the right key of the mouse and select Smart Edit.
Select the parameter that you want to modify.
Point the mouse on the position where the graph presents the artefacts, click the
Right key and, keeping pressed the key, drag the point on the desired place.
If you want to cancel the edit press the Left key of the mouse.
Repeat the above mentioned procedure for the all parameters and press OK.
Apply the threshold noise suppression
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Make active a graph or data window corresponding to the test that you want to
modify.
Press the Right key of the mouse and select Smart Edit.
Select the parameter that you want to modify.
Set a Noise(%) Threshold (as a percentage of the parameter value) above which
any peak will be considered an artefact.
Press Execute and eventually Undo if you are not satisfied.
Press OK to confirm.
Chapter 7 - Exercise Testing - 85
Customise the parameters
The software allows the user to create customised parameters and predicted values,
derived from the standard parameters (the ones that are calculated by default) through
any mathematical formula.
All the customised parameters can be used freely for viewing and printing purposes.
Create a new parameter
1.
2.
3.
4.
Choose Customise parameters from the Options menu.
Press the New button if you want to create a new parameter or Modify if you want
to modify an existing one
Type the desired value in the fields "Name", "unit of meas", "integers", "decimals"
and "summary" (to present the parameter in the summary) and press the Formula
button.
Insert the mathematical formula by using the appropriate tools and press OK twice
to confirm.
Create a new predicted parameter
1. Choose Customise predicted from the Options menu
2. Press the New button if you want to create a new parameter or Modify if you
intend to modify an existing one
3. Type the desired value in the fields "Name", "unit of meas", "integers", "decimals".
4. Select the group of the predicted values from the options boxes.
5. Select the reference parameter in the "Compared to" list box.
6. Press the buttons in the calculation group and insert the mathematical formulas for
men and women, adults and paediatrics. Press OK twice to confirm.
Once you create the new predicted you can see it in the predicted window.
86 - K4 b User Manual
Exporting data
With this function you can export the tests data and parameters in different file formats:
•
*.xpo (Cosmed proprietary file format)
•
*.txt (ASCII)
•
*.xls (Microsoft Excel)
•
*.wk1 (Lotus 123)
Export a test
1.
2.
3.
4.
Choose Export Tests from the Test menu.
Select the test to export from the list box and press OK to confirm.
Select the file output format from the list box, click on *.xpo, *.txt, *.xls or *. wk1.
If you selected ASCII format, by clicking on Text button you can then select the
Thousands sep. and Column sep. according to the program you want to use. With
the xpo Cosmed format you can import/export the tests performed on another K4
b2 equipment.
Select the folder, type the file name and press OK to confirm.
sss
Note: The DDE function is
available only if the user PC
DDE with Excel
has Microsoft Excel
installed.
If Microsoft Excel
is installed on your PC, you can export a test simply pressing a
button on the toolbar.
To send a test to Excel, select Send to Excel from the Test menu.
The program will show a status bar indicating the data transmission to Excel. At the end
of the process a new sheet with all test data will be opened ready to be edited with the
powerful functions of Microsoft Excel.
Chapter 7 - Exercise Testing - 87
Creating Test Protocols
The software allows to create different exercise protocols to use during the test. The
load of the ergometer is automatically controlled by the software that change it
according to the defined protocol.
Create a new protocol
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
88 - K4 b User Manual
Choose Real Time > Ergom. Tests Protocols from the Options menu.
Press New and enter a name for the protocol.
In the field "Message Time" type a number that means to get a message to advise
when switching to the next load.
Enable the "Drive Ergometer" check box to let the software control the ergometer.
Select the "Initial Command" if the ergometer need it.
Enabling the option "Relative Increments", the loads refer to the previous step.
Press Generate and enter the values to generate a protocol from only one load (i.e.
30 Watt each minute for a total of 20 steps) and press OK to confirm.
Press Add if you want to add a new step.
To edit a step, select it from the list and change the relative values in the Edit boxes
below the list. Press the Tab button to save changes.
To delete a step, highlight the step and press Delete.
Software configuration
The software can be customised as you wish. Most of the feature are easily editable to
be tailored according to different purposes.
Data viewing
The software allows to calculate a huge number of parameters; it is advisable, in order
to simplify the analysis of the results, view in the data window the only desired
parameters.
Select the parameters to view
1.
2.
3.
Choose Parameters to view/Test visualisation… from the Options menu.
Select the parameters you require to view.
Press OK to confirm the selected configuration.
Select the parameters to view during the test
1.
2.
3.
Choose Parameters to view/Test execution… from the Options menu.
Select the parameters you require to view.
Press OK to confirm the selected configuration.
Sort the parameters
It is possible to sort the parameters (both for viewing and printing purposes) according
to the desired order.
1. Select Sorting parameters from the Options menu.
2. Move the parameters in the order you want by pressing and holding the left mouse
button.
3. Press OK to maintain the current configuration.
Steady State
The program has an algorithm to tag sets of steps as Steady State.
The algorithm considers belonging to the Steady State the only consecutive steps that
meet the following conditions:
•
The value of VO2, VE and R do not vary from their mean values more than
Threshold (%);
•
The number of consecutive steps that met the preceding criteria are at least
Minimum number of steps.
Customise the Steady State detection criteria
Choose Steady State from the Options menu
Type the desired values for Minimum number of steps, VO2 threshold (%), VE
threshold (%) and R threshold.
The steps which satisfy these conditions will be highlighted with a yellow bar.
1.
2.
Chapter 7 - Exercise Testing - 89
Printout reports
The software allows the user to printout data and graphics according to 4 customisable
reports. Further it allows the user to customise a printout header that will be printed in
each page.
Set up the printout
1.
2.
3.
Choose Reports from the Options menu.
Define the desired features of the report and confirm. Enabling the option "Graphs
in one page" all the graphs selected in the report will be printed in one page.
Type the name you want apply to the report and press OK to save changes.
Select parameters to be printed
K4 b2 allows to print a large number of parameters; it is advisable, in order to simplify
the analysis of the results, to printout desired parameters only.
1. In the report configuration window select Parameters.
2. Select the parameters you require to be printed in the data printout. The number of
parameters which can be printed depends upon the size of the paper in use (see
Printer Layout) and from the orientation of the sheet.
3. Press OK to confirm the selected configuration.
Customise the printout header
1.
2.
3.
4.
90 - K4 b User Manual
Choose Printout header from the Options menu.
On the "Report Header" dialog box type the text of the header.
To insert an image click the Logo button. An image editor will be opened, draw the
own logo and close the image editor to save changes.
Press OK to save the Printout header.
Electronic reports (*.pdf)
If an Adobe PDF writer “Printer Driver” is installed and set as the default printer, it is
possible to store the printout report automatically in any location of the HD or
eventually LAN paths according to a customizable filename format.
It is possible to define the created filename format selecting Options/Printout
header..., and then Name format…
Print the current window
The print current window function is enabled when the active window is a graph or a
data report.
1. Select Print current window from File menu.
2. Press OK to print, or Setup to customise the print.
Print the customised report
This function is enabled only after having customised a report.
1. Select the customised report from File menu.
3. Set the sheet format and press OK.
Chapter 7 - Exercise Testing - 91
Events management during exercise testing
By using K4 b2 in serial mode, beside standard measurements, the software allows also
to save some extra "events". They are so called "events" since they are not continuously
stored during the test but they can be saved upon user selection.
Flow Volume loops
This test is useful during exercise to detect abnormalities in the mechanics of ventilation
in patients with pulmonary/ventilatory limitations to exercise.
The test consists in acquiring some flow/volume loops during exercise at different
workloads and overlapping them on the rest maximal flow/volume loop of a Forced
Vital Capacity test.
The majors information that you can get from this manoeuvres are the flow reserve
(flow distance from the peak flow of the F/V loop during exercise to the corresponding
flow on the superimposed F/V loop at rest) and the volume reserve (volume distance
from the maximum volume of the F/V loop during exercise to the corresponding
volume on the superimposed F/V loop at rest).
The manoeuvre consists in the following phases:
•
Acquiring some Flow/Volume loops during the exercise
•
Making the patient inspire completely up to TLC level (this is necessary to place
the loop correctly into the rest F\V loop of the forced Vital Capacity test)
•
Overlapping the F/V loop acquired during exercise and the F/V loop performed at
rest.
Flow Volume loop during the test
1.
2.
3.
Start with normal Exercise test and begin the memorisation of breath values (F2)
During a steady state select F/V loops form Test/Event...
As soon as 2 or 3 complete loops have been acquired ask the patient to inspire
completely up to TLC level and press F3 to stop the acquisition.
O2, CO2 vs Time
The O2, CO2 event is useful to check the real-time readings of the O2 and CO2 signals
during the test.
O2, CO2 vs Time during the test
1.
2.
3.
92 - K4 b User Manual
Start with normal Exercise test and begin the memorisation of breath values (F2)
During a steady state select O2, CO2 vs Time from Test/Event...
As soon as 5 or 6 complete breaths have been acquired press F3 to stop the
acquisition.
O2 Saturation (optional)
The O2 Saturation event is useful to check the quality of SpO2 signal acquired by the onboard Oxymeter (if available) during the test.
O2 Saturation during the test
1.
2.
3.
Start with normal Exercise test and begin the memorisation of breath values (F2).
Select O2 Saturation from Test/Event...
As soon as 5 or 6 complete pulses have been acquired press F3 to stop the
acquisition.
Spirogram
The spirogram event allows to display and store the volume/time plot.
Spirogram during the test
1.
2.
3.
Start with normal Exercise test and begin the memorisation of breath values (F2).
During a steady state select Spirogram form Test/Event...
Acquire volume/time plot until the window is filled and press F3 to stop the
acquisition.
View the events after the test
Select Data... from the View menu
Select the test during which spirogram event has been carried out in the list box and
press OK
3. Select View... from the Events menu, choose the desired event and press OK.
4. Select Print Current Window... from the File menu to print the F/V curve page.
It is possible to edit the F/V loops event in the following way:
5. Select Edit... from the Event menu to change the F/V loop at rest (the list contains
all the FVC test carried out by the same Patient with the Spirometry software) and
press OK.
It is possible to edit the Cardiac Output event in the following way:
5. Select Edit... from the Event menu to change the parameters measured during the
steady state before the rebreathing, the CO2 concentration at the equilibrium and the
calculation method.
1.
2.
Raw data
It's a particular feature with which the user can check and save some parameters (CO2
output, O2 concentration and volumes) in Ascii file format in a archive apart at a
sampling rate of 25 Hz.
Chapter 7 - Exercise Testing - 93
Save Raw data
1.
2.
3.
4.
94 - K4 b User Manual
During the test choose Event from Events menu.
Select Raw Data from the list.
On the save data box give a name to the file and select the destination folder.
To stop saving Raw data press the stop icon or press F3 on the keyboard.

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