Cambium Networks 50450I Fixed Outdoor Point to Multipoint Transceiver User Manual 450 Platform User Guide

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Chapter 7: Configuration
Configuring a RADIUS server
Service selection
Figure 176 Service selection
Adding Trusted CA
Figure 177 Adding Trusted CA
Note that certificate has to be in DER form, so if you have in PEM format convert using openssl.
Openssl.exe x509 -in /cacert_aaasvr.pem -outform DER -out /cacert_aaasvr.der
Installing Server Certificate
After installing trusted CA, you need to add a server certificate which will be used for TLS tunnel.
Generally you have to install same certificate which is installed in your AP, so that AP can trust the
radius server.
Figure 178 Installing Server Certificate
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Chapter 7: Configuration
Configuring a RADIUS server
Monitoring Logs
Figure 179 Monitoring logs
Configuring VSA
Before using VSA , user has to add Cambium Vendor Specific Attribute
Navigate to System Administration > Configuration > Dictionaries > Protocols > RADIUS > RADIUS
VSA > Motorola
If Motorola is not present you can create Vendor with ID 161 and add all the VSA one by one.
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Chapter 7: Configuration
Configuring a RADIUS server
Figure 180 VSA list
Using VSA for users
Navigate to Access Policies > Access Services > Cambium ACS > Authorization
1. Change condition to User name
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Chapter 7: Configuration
Configuring a RADIUS server
2. Next click Create and then click Select see diagram below
3. Click Create from the screen you get following screen
Chose some name and then move to RADIUS Attributes tab
4. Fill attribute which all you want for that particular user
Important: Click Add for each attribute and when done click Submit.
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Chapter 7: Configuration
Configuring a RADIUS server
5. Now you are ready to use this Authorization profile for the use
Select and Press OK
6. Finally press Save Changes and you are ready to use it.
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Chapter 7: Configuration
Configuring Ping Watchdog
Configuring Ping Watchdog
This feature allows administrator to automatically reboot an AP/SM when there is a network issue
to avoid power on reset of radios. This feature is disabled by default.
To enable Ping Watchdog feature, select the menu option Configuration > Ping Watchdog, and
configure the parameters listed in the following table.
Table 188 Ping Watchdog attributes
Attribute
Meaning
Ping Watchdog
This filed enables or disbales Ping Watchdog feature.
IP Address To Ping
This field specifies the IPV4 address of the device which needs to be
pinged.
Ping Interval
This field specifies the time interval at which ping needs to be
initiated. The time interval needs to be specified in seconds.
Ping Failure Count To
Reboot
This field specifies the count of ping failures at which reboot needs
to be initiated.
Page 7-270
Chapter 8: Tools
The AP and SM GUIs provide several tools to analyze the operating environment, system
performance and networking, including:
•
Using Spectrum Analyzer tool on page 8-2
•
Using the Alignment Tool on page 8-15
•
Using the Link Capacity Test tool on page 8-22
•
Using AP Evaluation tool on page 8-32
•
Using BHM Evaluation tool on page 8-36
•
Using the OFDM Frame Calculator tool on page 8-40
•
Using the Subscriber Configuration tool on page 8-45
•
Using the Link Status tool on page 8-46
•
Using BER Results tool on page 8-51
•
Using the Sessions tool on page 8-52
•
Using the Ping Test tool on page 8-53
Page 8-1
Chapter 8: Tools
Using Spectrum Analyzer tool
Using Spectrum Analyzer tool
The integrated spectrum analyzer can be very useful as a tool for troubleshooting and RF planning,
but is not intended to replicate the accuracy and programmability of a high-end spectrum analyzer,
which sometime can be used for other purposes.
The AP/BHM and SM/BHS perform spectrum analysis together in the Sector Spectrum Analyzer
tool.
Caution
On start of the Spectrum Analyzer on a module, it enters a scan mode and drops any
RF connection it may have had. When choosing Start Timed Spectrum Analysis, the
scan is run for the amount of time specified in the Duration configuration parameter.
When choosing Start Continuous Spectrum Analysis, the scan is run continuously for
24 hours, or until stopped manually (using the Stop Spectrum Analysis button).
Any module can be used to see the frequency and power level of any detectable signal that is
within, just above, or just below the frequency band range of the module.
Note
Vary the days and times when you analyze the spectrum in an area. The RF
environment can change throughout the day or throughout the week.
Mapping RF Neighbor Frequencies
The neighbor frequencies can be analyzed using Spectrum Analyzer tool. Following modules allow
user to:
•
Use a BHS or BHM for PTP and SM or AP for PMP as a Spectrum Analyzer.
•
View a graphical display that shows power level in RSSI and dBm at 5 MHz increments
throughout the frequency band range, regardless of limited selections in the Custom Radio
Frequency Scan Selection List parameter of the SM/BHS.
•
Select an AP/BHM channel that minimizes interference from other RF equipment.
Caution
The following procedure causes the SM/BHS to drop any active RF link. If a link is
dropped when the spectrum analysis begins, the link can be re-established when
either a 15 minute interval has elapsed or the spectrum analyzer feature is disabled.
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Chapter 8: Tools
Using Spectrum Analyzer tool
Temporarily deploy a SM/BHS for each frequency band range that need to monitor and access the
Spectrum Analyzer tab in the Tools web page of the module.
•
Using Spectrum Analyzer tool
•
Using the Remote Spectrum Analyzer tool
Spectrum Analyzer tool
Analyzing the spectrum
To use the built-in spectrum analyzer functionality of the AP/SM/BH, proceed as follows:
Procedure 30 Analyzing the spectrum
Predetermine a power source and interface that works for the AP/SM/BH in the
area to be analyzed.
Take the AP/SM/BH, power source and interface device to the area.
Access the Tools web page of the AP/SM/BH.
Enter Duration in Timed Spectrum Analyzer Tab. Default value is 10 Seconds
Click Start Timed Sector Spectrum Analysis
The results are displayed:
Figure 181 Spectrum analysis - Results
Note
AP/SM/BH scans for extra 40 seconds in addition to configured
Duration
Travel to another location in the area to BHS.
Click Start Timed Spectrum Analysis
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Chapter 8: Tools
Using Spectrum Analyzer tool
Repeat Steps 4 and 6 until the area has been adequately scanned and logged.
As with any other data that pertains to your business, a decision today to put the data into a
retrievable database may grow in value to you over time.
Note
Wherever the operator find the measured noise level is greater than the sensitivity of
the radio that is plan to deploy, use the noise level (rather than the link budget) for
your link feasibility calculations.
The AP/SM/BH perform spectrum analysis together in the Sector Spectrum Analyzer
feature.
Graphical spectrum analyzer display
The AP/SM/BH display the graphical spectrum analyzer. An example of the Spectrum Analyzer
page is shown in Figure 181.
The navigation feature includes:
•
Results may be panned left and right through the scanned spectrum by clicking and dragging
the graph left and right
•
Results may be zoomed in and out using mouse
When the mouse is positioned over a bar, the receive power level, frequency, maximum and mean
receive power levels are displayed above the graph
To keep the displayed data current, either set “Auto Refresh” on the module’s Configuration >
General.
Spectrum Analyzer page of AP
The Spectrum Analyzer page of AP is explained in Table 189.
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Chapter 8: Tools
Using Spectrum Analyzer tool
Table 189 Spectrum Analyzer page attributes - AP
Attribute
Meaning
Display Data Path
Both means that the vertical and horizontal paths are displayed or an
individual path may be selected to display only a single-path reading.
Data
For ease of parsing data and to facilitate automation, the spectrum
analyzer results may be saved as an XML file. To save the results in an
XML formatted file, right-click the “SpectrumAnalysis.xml” link and save
the file.
Display
Instantaneous means that each reading (vertical bar) is displayed with
two horizontal lines above it representing the max power level received
(top horizontal line) and the average power level received (lower
horizontal line) at that frequency.
Averaging means that each reading (vertical bar) is displayed with an
associated horizontal line above it representing the max power level
received at that frequency.
Min and Max
Frequencies in KHz
Enter minimum and maximum frequencies to be scanned.
Set Min And Max to
Full Scan
On the button press, it sets mimimum and maximum allowed
frequencies for scanning.
Set Min And Max to
Center Scan +/-40
MHz
On the button press, it sets mimium and maximum frequencies to ± 40
MHz of center frequency for scanning.
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Chapter 8: Tools
Using Spectrum Analyzer tool
Registered SM Count
This field displays the MAC address and Site Name of the registered SM.
Maximum Count of
Registered SMs
This field displays the maximum number of registered SMs.
SM Scanning
Bandwidth
This field allows to select SM’s scanning bandwidth.
Duration
This field allows operators to configure a specified time for which the
spectrum is scanned. If the entire spectrum is scanned prior to the end of
the configured duration, the analyzer will restart at the beginning of the
spectrum.
Continuous
Spectrum Analyzer
Start Continuous Spectrum Analysis button ensures that when the SM is
powered on, it automatically scans the spectrum for 10 seconds. These
results may then be accessed via the Tools > Spectrum Analyzer GUI
page.
Spectrum Analyzer page of SM
The Spectrum Analyzer page of SM is explained in Table 190.
Note
Spectrum Analyzer is not currently supported by 450m.
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Chapter 8: Tools
Using Spectrum Analyzer tool
Table 190 Spectrum Analyzer page attributes - SM
Attribute
Meaning
Display Data Path
Refer Table 189 on page 8-5
Data
Refer Table 189 on page 8-5
Display
Refer Table 189 on page 8-5
Min and Max
Frequencies in KHz
To scan min to max range of frequencies, enter min and max
frequencies in KHz and press Set Min and Max to Full Scan button.
To scan +/- 40 MHz from center frequency, enter center frequency in KHz
and press Set Min And Max To Center Scan +/- 40KHz button.
Registered SM Count
Refer Table 189 on page 8-5
Maximum Count to
Registered SMs
Refer Table 189 on page 8-5
Duration
Refer Table 189 on page 8-5
Page 8-7
Chapter 8: Tools
Using Spectrum Analyzer tool
Spectrum Analyzer page of BHM
The Spectrum Analyzer page of BHM is explained in Table 191.
Table 191 Spectrum Analyzer page attributes - BHM
Attribute
Meaning
Data
Refer Table 189 on page 8-5
Display
Refer Table 189 on page 8-5
Duration
Refer Table 189 on page 8-5
Continuous
Spectrum Analyzer
Refer Table 189 on page 8-5
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Chapter 8: Tools
Using Spectrum Analyzer tool
Spectrum Analyzer page of BHS
The Spectrum Analyzer page of BHS is explained in Table 192.
Table 192 Spectrum Analyzer page attributes - BHS
Attribute
Meaning
Data
Refer Table 189 on page 8-5
Display
Refer Table 189 on page 8-5
Session Status
This field displays current session status and rates. The session states
can be Scanning, Syncing, Registering or Registered.
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Chapter 8: Tools
Using Spectrum Analyzer tool
Registered Backhaul
This field displays MAC address of BHM and PTP model number
Duration
Refer Table 189 on page 8-5
Perform Spectrum
Analysis on Boot Up
for one scan
This field allows to Enable or Disable to start Spectrum Analysis on boot
up of module for one scan.
Continuous
Spectrum Analyzer
Refer Table 189 on page 8-5
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Chapter 8: Tools
Using Spectrum Analyzer tool
Spectrum Analyzer page result of PMP 450 SM
Figure 182 Spectrum Analyzer page result – PMP 450 SM
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Chapter 8: Tools
Using Spectrum Analyzer tool
Remote Spectrum Analyzer tool
The Remote Spectrum Analyzer tool in the AP/BHM provides additional flexibility in the use of the
spectrum analyzer in the SM/BHS. Set the duration of 10 to 1000 seconds, then click the Start
Remote Spectrum Analysis button to launch the analysis from that SM/BHS.
In PMP configuration, a SM has to be selected from the drop-down list before launching Start
Remote Spectrum Analysis.
Analyzing the spectrum remotely
Procedure 31 Remote Spectrum Analyzer procedure
The AP/BHM de-registers the target SM/BHS.
The SM/BHS scans (for the duration set in the AP/BHM tool) to collect data for the
bar graph.
The SM/BHS re-registers to the AP/BHM.
The AP/BHM displays the bar graph.
The bar graph is an HTML file, but can be changed to an XML file, which is then easy to analyze
through the use of scripts that you may write for parsing the data. To transform the file to XML,
click the “SpectrumAnalysis.xml” link below the spectrum results. Although the resulting display
appears mostly unchanged, the bar graph is now coded in XML. You can now right-click on the bar
graph for a Save Target As option to save the Spectrum Analysis.xml file.
Remote Spectrum Analyzer page of AP
The Remote Spectrum Analyzer page of AP is explained in Table 193.
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Chapter 8: Tools
Using Spectrum Analyzer tool
Table 193 Remote Spectrum Analyzer attributes - AP
Attribute
Meaning
Registered SM Count
This field displays the number of SMs that were registered to the AP
before the SA was started. This helps the user know all the SMs reregistered after performing a SA.
Maximum Count of
Registered SMs
This field displays the largest number of SMs that have been
simultaneously registered in the AP since it was last rebooted. This
count can provide some insight into sector history and provide
comparison between current and maximum SM counts at a glance.
Current Subscriber
Module
The SM with which the Link Capacity Test is run.
Duration
This field allows operators to configure a specified time for which the
spectrum is scanned. If the entire spectrum is scanned prior to the end of
the configured duration, the analyzer will restart at the beginning of the
spectrum.
Scanning Bandwidth
This parameter defines the size of the channel scanned when running
the analyzer.
Page 8-13
Chapter 8: Tools
Using Spectrum Analyzer tool
Remote Spectrum Analyzer page of BHM
The Remote Spectrum Analyzer page of BHM is explained in Table 194.
Table 194 Remote Spectrum Analyzer attributes - BHM
Attribute
Meaning
Duration
Refer Table 189 on page 8-5
Page 8-14
Chapter 8: Tools
Using the Alignment Tool
Using the Alignment Tool
The SM’s or BHS’s Alignment Tool may be used to maximize Receive Power Level, Signal Strength
Ratio and Signal to Noise Ratio to ensure a stable link. The Tool provides color coded readings to
facilitate in judging link quality.
Note
To get best performance of the link, the user has to ensure the maximum Receive
Power Level during alignment by pointing correctly. The proper alignment is
important to prevent interference in other cells. The achieving Receive Power Level
green (>- 70 dBm) is not sufficient for the link.
Figure 183 Alignment Tool tab of SM – Receive Power Level > -70 dBm
Figure 184 Alignment Tool tab of SM – Receive Power Level between -70 to -80 dBm
Figure 185 Alignment Tool tab of SM – Receive Power Level < -80 dBm
Page 8-15
Chapter 8: Tools
Using the Alignment Tool
Aiming page and Diagnostic LED – SM/BHS
The SM’s/BHS’s Alignment Tool (located in GUI Tools -> Aiming) may be used to configure the
SM’s/BHS’s LED panel to indicate received signal strength and to display decoded beacon
information/power levels. The SM/BHS LEDs provide different status based on the mode of the
SM/BHS. A SM/BHS in “operating” mode will register and pass traffic normally. A SM/BHS in
“aiming” mode will not register or pass traffic, but will display (via LED panel) the strength of
received radio signals (based on radio channel selected via Tools ->Aiming). See SM/BHS LEDs on
page 2-17.
Note
In order for accurate power level readings to be displayed, traffic must be present on
the radio link.
Refer Table 23 SM/BHS LED descriptions on page 2-18 for SM/BHS LED details.
Aiming page of SM
The Aiming page is similar to Spectrum Analyzer where it scans the spectrum but it does not
establish any session with any APs. It has two modes – Single Frequency Only and Normal
Frequency Scan List.
The Aiming page of SM is explained in Table 195.
Page 8-16
Chapter 8: Tools
Using the Alignment Tool
Table 195 Aiming page attributes – SM
Attribute
Meaning
Aiming Mode
Single Frequency Only: scans only selected single frequency.
Normal Frequency Scan List: scans: scans all frequency of scan list.
Single Frequency
Select a particular frequency from drop down menu for scanning.
Scan Radio
Frequency Only
Mode
Enabled: the radio is configured to “aiming” or “alignment” mode,
wherein the LED panel displays an indication of receive power level. See
Table 23 SM/BHS LED descriptions on page 2-18.
Disabled: the radio is configured to “operating” mode, wherein the SM
registers and passes traffic normally.
Aiming Results
The Aiming Results are displayed in two sections – Current entry and
Other entries.
Frequency: this field indicates the frequency of the AP which is
transmitting the beacon information.
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Chapter 8: Tools
Using the Alignment Tool
Power: This field indicates the current receive power level (vertical
channel) for the frequency configured in parameter Radio Frequency.
Users: This field indicates the number of SMs currently registered to the
AP which is transmitting the beacon information.
ESN: This field indicates the MAC, or hardware address of the AP/BHM
which is transmitting the beacon information.
Color Code: This field displays a value from 0 to 254 indicating the AP’s
configured color code. For registration to occur, the color code of the SM
and the AP must match. Color code is not a security feature. Instead,
color code is a management feature, typically for assigning each sector a
different color code.
Color code allows you to force a SM to register to only a specific AP,
even where the SM can communicate with multiple APs. The default
setting for the color code value is 0. This value matches only the color
code of 0 (not all 255 color codes).
Multipoint or Backhaul: this field indicates type of configuration - pointMultipoint(PMP) or Backhaul (PTP).
Page 8-18
Chapter 8: Tools
Using the Alignment Tool
Aiming page of BHS
The Alignment page of BHS is explained in Table 196.
Table 196 Aiming page attributes - BHS
Attribute
Meaning
Refer Table 161 for Atributes details.
Page 8-19
Chapter 8: Tools
Using the Alignment Tool
Alignment Tone
For coarse alignment of the SM/BHS, use the Alignment Tool located at Tools -> Alignment Tool.
Optionally, connect a headset alignment tone kit to the AUX/SYNC port of the SM/BHS and listen
to the alignment tone, which indicates greater SM/BHS receive signal power by pitch. By adjusting
the SM’s/BHS’s position until the highest frequency pitch is obtained operators and installers can
be confident that the SM/BHS is properly positioned. For information on device GUI tools available
for alignment, see sections Aiming page and Diagnostic LED – SM/BHS on page 8-16, Using the
Link Capacity Test tool on page 8-22 and Using AP Evaluation tool on page 8-32.
Figure 186 PMP/PTP 450i Series link alignment tone
Headphones
450i Alignment
tone adapter
Note
The Alignment Tone cable for a 450i Series uses an RJ-45 to headset cable where as
the 450 Series alignment tone cable uses an RJ-12 to headset cable.
Alignment Tool Headset and alignment tone adapters can be ordered from Cambium and BestTronics (http://btpa.com/Cambium-Products/) respectively using the following part numbers:
Page 8-20
Chapter 8: Tools
Using the Alignment Tool
Table 197 Alignment Tool Headsets and Alignment tone adapter third party product details
Reference
Product description
ACATHS-01A
Alignment tool headset for the PMP/PTP 450 and 450i Series products
BT-1277
Headset alignment cable (RJ-45) for the PMP/PTP 450i Series products
BT-0674
Headset alignment cable (RJ-12) for the PMP/PTP 450 Series products.
Page 8-21
Chapter 8: Tools
Using the Link Capacity Test tool
Using the Link Capacity Test tool
The Link Capacity Test tab allows you to measure the throughput and efficiency of the RF link
between two modules. Many factors, including packet length, affect throughput.
The Link Capacity Test tool has following modes:
•
Link Test with Multiple VCs: Tests radio-to-radio communication across selected or all
registered VCs, but does not bridge traffic (PMP 450m Series AP only).
•
Link Test without Bridging: Tests radio-to-radio communication, but does not bridge traffic.
•
Link Test with Bridging: Bridges traffic to “simulated” Ethernet ports, providing a status of the
bridged link.
•
Link Test with Bridging and MIR: Bridges the traffic during test and also adheres to any MIR
(Maximum Information Rate) settings for the link.
•
Extrapolated Link Test: Estimates the link capacity by sending few packets and measuring link
quality.
The Link Capacity Test tab contains the settable parameter Packet Length with a range of 64 to
1714 bytes. This allows you to compare throughput levels that result from various packet sizes.
The Current Results Status also displayed date and time of last performed Link Capacity Test. If
there is any change in time zone, the date and time will be adjusted accordingly.
Note
The Extrapolated Link Test can be run by Read-Only login also.
Performing Link Test
The link test is a tool that allows the user to test the performance of the RF link. Packets are added
to one or more queues in the AP in order to fill the frame. Throughput and efficiency are then
calculated during the test. The 450 and 450i APs offer link test options to one SM at a time. The
450m AP offers the option of a link test to multiple VCs at the same time. This allows the user to
test throughput in MU-MIMO mode, in which multiple SMs are served at the same time.
This new link test can be found under Tools > Link Capacity Test
Page 8-22
Chapter 8: Tools
Using the Link Capacity Test tool
Link Test with Multiple VCs
Note
The “Link Test with Multiple VCs” Link Capacity Test is supported for PMP 450m
Series AP only.
Figure 187 Link Capacity Test – PMP 450m Series AP
Procedure 32 Performing a Link Capacity Test - Link Test with Multiple VCs
Link Test Configurations parameters
Access the Link Capacity Test tab in the Tools web page of the module.
Select Link Test Mode –
Options are: Link Test with Multiple VCs, Link Test without Bridging, Link Test with
Bridging, Link Test with Bridging and MIR, Extrapolated Link Test
All options except for the Link Test with Multiple VCs are available also for the 450
and 450i APs.
Set the SM Link Test Mode Restriction attribute to enable or disable. Setting this to
enabled, prevents activation of SM initated link tests.
Set Signal to Noise Ratio Calculation during Link Test attribute to enable or disable.
Set Link Test VC Priority attribute to either High and Low Priority VCs or Low Priority
VC only.
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Chapter 8: Tools
Using the Link Capacity Test tool
Select Flood Test Mode –
Options are: Internal and External
Default is Internal. When set to Internal, packets are sent from AP -> SM over
RF. When set to External, packets will all flow out the Ethernet port.
Set MU-MIMO attribute to enable or disable .
Note: The MU-MIMO feature is enabled on the Low Priority VC only
Link Test Settings parameters
Select the subscriber module to test using the Current Subscriber Module parameter.
Note: This parameter is not available in BHM.
Enter VC List (applicable for PMP 450m AP only)
The Current Subscriber Module and VC List are valid only when selecting Link Test
with Multiple VCs.
•
Current Subscriber Module: select the VC to perform the link test with
•
VC list: select a list or range of VCs to include in the link test with multiple VCs
If left blank, all VCs will be included in the link test
Type into the Duration field how long (in seconds) the RF link must be tested.
Select the Direction – Bi-directional, Uplink Only or Downlink Only.
10
Type into the Number of Packets field a value of 0 to flood the link for the duration of
the test.
11
Type into the Packet Length field a value of 1714 to send 1714-byte packets during the
test.
12
Click the Start Test button.
Page 8-24
Chapter 8: Tools
Using the Link Capacity Test tool
Figure 188 Link Test with Multiple VCs (1518-byte packet length)
Link Test without Bridging, Link Test with Bridging or Link Test with
Bridging and MIR
Figure 189 Link Capacity Test – PMP 450/450i Series AP
Page 8-25
Chapter 8: Tools
Using the Link Capacity Test tool
Refer Link Test with Multiple VCs on page 8-23 for Link Test procedure.
Figure 190 Link Test without Bridging (1714-byte packet length)
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Chapter 8: Tools
Using the Link Capacity Test tool
Performing Extrapolated Link Test
The Extrapolated Link Test estimates the link capacity by sending few packets and measuring link
quality. Once the test is initiated, the radio starts session at the lower modulation, 1X, as traffic is
passed successfully across the link, the radio decides to try the next modulation, 2X. This process
repeats until it find best throughput to estimate capacity of link.
Note
It is recommended to run Extrapolated Link Test where the session must have been up
and have traffic present on it in order to get accurate test results. This is essential for
the radio to modulate up to get an accurate measurement.
Running the Extrapolated test just after establishing session will not provide accurate
results.
The procedure for performing Extrapolated Link Test is as follows:
Procedure 33 Performing an Extrapolated Link Test
Access the Link Capacity Test tab in the Tools web page of the module.
Select Link Test Mode Extrapolated Link Test
Click the Start Test button.
In the Current Results Status block of this tab, view the results of the test.
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Chapter 8: Tools
Using the Link Capacity Test tool
Figure 191 Extrapolated Link Test results
Page 8-28
Chapter 8: Tools
Using the Link Capacity Test tool
Link Capacity Test page of AP
The Link Capacity Test page of AP is explained in Table 198.
Table 198 Link Capacity Test page attributes – AP
Attribute
Meaning
Select Link Test Mode from drop down menu :
Link Test Mode
•
Link Test with Multiple VCs (PMP 450m Series AP only)
•
Link Test without Bridging
•
Link Test with Bridging
•
Link Test with Bridging and MIR
•
Extrapolated Link Test
Signal to Noise Ratio
Calculation during
Link Test
Enable this attribute to display Signal-to-Noise information for the
downlink and uplink when running the link test.
Link Test VC Priority
This attribute may be used to enable/disable usage of the high and low
priority virtual channel during the link test.
Flood Test Mode
MU-MIMO
This field determines whether a packet is sent out of the SM’s Ethernet
port (external) or not (internal).
Note: This field is applicable only when the “Link Test Mode” field is set
to “Link Test with Multiple VC’s” option.
This field determines whether the DL flood test packets use MU-MIMO
grouping or not.
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Chapter 8: Tools
Using the Link Capacity Test tool
Note: This field is applicable only when the “Link Test Mode” field is set
to “Link Test with Multiple VC’s” option.
Display results for
untested VCs
If “Link test with multiple VC’s” is run and a subset of registered VC’s
enters into the VC List field, then enabling this field produces a table
that displays results for VC’s with traffic which are in session; but not
tested as part of the link test.
Current Subscriber
Module
The SM with which the Link Capacity Test is run. This field is only
applicable for AP (not SM page).
This field is displayed for PMP 450m Series AP. It is only applicable for
“Link Test with Multiple VCs” Test mode.
VC List
Enter VC List (e.g. 18 or above for low priority VCs and 255 or above for
high priority VCs or 0 for all registered VCs) which needs to be used for
link test traffic.
Duration
This field allows operators to configure a specified time for which the
spectrum is scanned. If the entire spectrum is scanned prior to the end of
the configured duration, the analyzer will restart at the beginning of the
spectrum.
Direction
Configure the direction of the link test. Specify Downlink or Uplink to run
the test only in the corresponding direction only. Specific Bi-Directional
to run the test in both directions.
Number of Packets
The total number of packets to send during the Link Capacity Test. When
Link Test Mode is set to RF Link Test this field is not configurable.
Packet Length
The size of the packets in Bytes to send during the Link Capacity Test
Link Capacity Test page of BHM/BHS/SM
The Link Capacity Test page of BHM/BHS is explained in Table 199.
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Chapter 8: Tools
Using the Link Capacity Test tool
Table 199 Link Capacity Test page attributes – BHM/BHS
Attribute
Meaning
Link Test Mode
See Table 198 on page 8-29
Signal to Noise Ratio Calculation
during Link Test
See Table 198 on page 8-29
Link Test VC Priority
See Table 198 on page 8-29
Duration
See Table 198 on page 8-29
Direction
See Table 198 on page 8-29
Number of Packets
See Table 198 on page 8-29
Packet Length
See Table 198 on page 8-29
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Chapter 8: Tools
Using AP Evaluation tool
Using AP Evaluation tool
The AP Evaluation tab on Tools web page of the SM provides information about the AP that the
SM sees.
Note
The data for this page may be suppressed by the SM Display of AP Evaluation Data
setting in the Configuration > Security tab of the AP.
The AP Eval results can be accessed via SNMP and config file.
AP Evaluation page
The AP Evaluation page of AP is explained in Table 200.
Table 200 AP Evaluation tab attributes - AP
Attribute
Meaning
Index
This field displays the index value that the system assigns (for only this
page) to the AP where this SM is registered.
Frequency
This field displays the frequency that the AP transmits.
Channel Bandwidth
The channel size used by the radio for RF transmission. The setting for
the channel bandwidth must match between the AP and the SM.
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Chapter 8: Tools
Using AP Evaluation tool
Cyclic Prefix
OFDM technology uses a cyclic prefix, where a portion of the end of a
symbol (slot) is repeated at the beginning of the symbol to allow multipathing to settle before receiving the desired data. A 1/16 cyclic prefixes
mean that for every 16 bits of throughput data transmitted, an additional
bit is used. The Cyclic Prefix 1/16 only can be selected at this time.
ESN
This field displays the MAC address (electronic serial number) of the AP.
For operator convenience during SM aiming, this tab retains each
detected ESN for up to 15 minutes. If the broadcast frequency of a
detected AP changes during a 15-minute interval in the aiming
operation, then a multiple instance of the same ESN is possible in the
list. Eventually, the earlier instance expires and disappears and the later
instance remains to the end of its interval, but you can ignore the early
instance(s) whenever two or more are present.
Region
This field displays the AP’s configured Country Code setting.
Power Level
This field displays the SM’s combined received power level from the
AP’s transmission.
Beacon Count
A count of the beacons seen in a given time period.
FECEn
This field contains the SNMP value from the AP that indicates whether
the Forward Error Correction feature is enabled.
0: FEC is disabled
1: FEC is enabled
Type
Multipoint indicates that the listing is for an AP.
Age
This is a counter for the number of minutes that the AP has been
inactive. At 15 minutes of inactivity for the AP, this field is removed from
the AP Evaluation tab in the SM.
Lockout
This field displays how many times the SM has been temporarily locked
out of making registration attempts.
RegFail
This field displays how many registration attempts by this SM failed.
Range
This field displays the distance in feet for this link. To derive the distance
in meters, multiply the value of this parameter by 0.3048.
MaxRange
This field indicates the configured value for the AP’s Max Range
parameter.
TxBER
A 1 in this field indicates the AP is sending Radio BER.
Ebcast
A 1 in this field indicates the AP or BHM is encrypting broadcast packets.
A 0 indicates it is not.
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Chapter 8: Tools
Session Count
Using AP Evaluation tool
This field displays how many sessions the SM (or BHS) has had with the
AP (or BHM). Typically, this is the sum of Reg Count and Re-Reg Count.
However, the result of internal calculation may display here as a value
that slightly differs from the sum.
In the case of a multipoint link, if the number of sessions is significantly
greater than the number for other SMs, then this may indicate a link
problem or an interference problem.
NoLUIDs
This field indicates how many times the AP has needed to reject a
registration request from a SM because its capacity to make LUID
assignments is full. This then locks the SM out of making any valid
attempt for the next 15 minutes. It is extremely unlikely that a non-zero
number would be displayed here.
OutOfRange
This field indicates how many times the AP has rejected a registration
request from a SM because the SM is a further distance away than the
range that is currently configured in the AP. This then locks the SM out
of making any valid attempt for the next 15 minutes.
AuthFail
This field displays how many times authentication attempts from this
SM have failed in the AP.
EncryptFail
This field displays how many times an encryption mismatch has
occurred between the SM and the AP.
Rescan Req
This field displays how many times a re-range request has occurred for
the BHM that is being evaluated in the AP Eval page of a BHS.
SMLimitReached
This field displays 0 if additional SMs may be registered to the AP. If a 1
is displayed, the AP will not accept additional SM registrations.
NoVC’s
This counter is incremented when the SM is registering to an AP which
determines that no VC resources are available for allocation. This could
be a primary data VC or a high priority data VC.
VCRsvFail
This counter is incremented when the SM is registering to an AP which
has a VC resource available for allocation but cannot reserve the
resource for allocation.
VCActFail
This counter is incremented when the SM is registering to an AP which
has a VC resource available for allocation and has reserved the VC, but
cannot activate the resource for allocation.
AP Gain
This field displays the total external gain (antenna) used by the AP.
RcvT
This field displays the AP’s configured receive target for receiving SM
transmissions (this field affects automatic SM power adjust).
Sector ID
This field displays the value of the Sector ID field that is provisioned for
the AP.
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Color Code
Using AP Evaluation tool
This field displays a value from 0 to 254 indicating the AP’s configured
color code. For registration to occur, the color code of the SM and the AP
must match. Color code is not a security feature. Instead, color code is a
management feature, typically for assigning each sector a different color
code.
Color code allows you to force a SM to register to only a specific AP,
even where the SM can communicate with multiple APs. The default
setting for the color code value is 0. This value matches only the color
code of 0 (not all 255 color codes).
BeaconVersion
This field indicates that the beacon is OFDM (value of 1).
Sector User Count
This field displays how many SMs are registered on the AP.
NumULHalfSlots
This is the number of uplink slots in the frame for this AP.
NumDLHalfSlots
This is the number of downlink slots in the frame for this.
NumULContSlots
This field displays how many Contention Slots are being used in the
uplink portion of the frame.
WhiteSched
Flag to display if schedule whitening is supported via FPGA
ICC
This field lists the SMs that have registered to the AP with their
Installation Color Code (ICC), Primary CC, Secondary CC or Tertiary CC.
SM PPPoE
This filed provides information to the user whether the SM is supporting
PPPoE or not.
Frame Period
This field displays the configured Frame Period of the radio.
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Chapter 8: Tools
Using BHM Evaluation tool
Using BHM Evaluation tool
The BHM Evaluation tab on Tools web page of the BHS provides information about the BHM that
the BHS sees.
BHM Evaluation page of BHS
The BHM Evaluation page of BHS is explained in Table 201.
Table 201 BHM Evaluation tab attributes - BHS
Attribute
Meaning
Index
This field displays the index value that the system assigns (for only this
page) to the BHM where this BHS is registered.
Frequency
This field displays the frequency that the BHM transmits.
Channel Bandwidth
The channel size used by the radio for RF transmission. The setting for
the channel bandwidth must match between the BHM and the BHS.
Cyclic Prefix
OFDM technology uses a cyclic prefix, where a portion of the end of a
symbol (slot) is repeated at the beginning of the symbol to allow multipathing to settle before receiving the desired data. A 1/16 cyclic prefixes
mean that for every 16 bits of throughput data transmitted, an additional
bit is used.
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Using BHM Evaluation tool
ESN
This field displays the MAC address (electronic serial number) of the
BHM. For operator convenience during BHS aiming, this tab retains each
detected ESN for up to 15 minutes. If the broadcast frequency of a
detected BHM changes during a 15-minute interval in the aiming
operation, then a multiple instance of the same ESN is possible in the
list. Eventually, the earlier instance expires and disappears and the later
instance remains to the end of its interval, but you can ignore the early
instance(s) whenever two or more are present.
Region
This field displays the BHM’s configured Country Code setting.
Power Level
This field displays the BHS’s combined received power level from the
BHM’s transmission.
Beacon Count
A count of the beacons seen in a given time period.
FECEn
This field contains the SNMP value from the BHM that indicates whether
the Forward Error Correction feature is enabled.
0: FEC is disabled
1: FEC is enabled
Type
Multipoint indicates that the listing is for a BHM.
Age
This is a counter for the number of minutes that the BHM has been
inactive. At 15 minutes of inactivity for the BHS, this field is removed
from the BHM Evaluation tab in the BHS.
Lockout
This field displays how many times the BHS has been temporarily locked
out of making registration attempts.
RegFail
This field displays how many registration attempts by this BHS failed.
Range
This field displays the distance in feet for this link. To derive the distance
in meters, multiply the value of this parameter by 0.3048.
MaxRange
This field indicates the configured value for the AP’s Max Range
parameter.
TxBER
A 1 in this field indicates the BHM is sending Radio BER.
Ebcast
A 1 in this field indicates the BHM is encrypting broadcast packets. A 0
indicates it is not.
Session Count
This field displays how many sessions the BHS has had with the BHM.
Typically, this is the sum of Reg Count and Re-Reg Count. However, the
result of internal calculation may display here as a value that slightly
differs from the sum.
In the case of a multipoint link, if the number of sessions is significantly
greater than the number for other BHS’s, then this may indicate a link
problem or an interference problem.
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Using BHM Evaluation tool
NoLUIDs
This field indicates how many times the BHM has needed to reject a
registration request from a BHS because its capacity to make LUID
assignments is full. This then locks the BHS out of making any valid
attempt for the next 15 minutes. It is extremely unlikely that a non-zero
number would be displayed here.
OutOfRange
This field indicates how many times the BHM has rejected a registration
request from a BHS because the BHS is a further distance away than the
range that is currently configured in the BHM. This then locks the BHS
out of making any valid attempt for the next 15 minutes.
AuthFail
This field displays how many times authentication attempts from this
SM have failed in the BHM.
EncryptFail
This field displays how many times an encryption mismatch has
occurred between the BHS and the BHM.
Rescan Req
This field displays how many times a re-range request has occurred for
the BHM that is being evaluated in the BHM Eval page of a BHM.
SMLimitReached
This field displays 0 if additional BHSs may be registered to the BHM. If a
1 is displayed, the BHM will not accept additional BHS registrations.
NoVC’s
This counter is incremented when the BHS is registering to a BHM which
determines that no VC resources are available for allocation. This could
be a primary data VC or a high priority data VC.
VCRsvFail
This counter is incremented when the BHS is registering to a BHM which
has a VC resource available for allocation but cannot reserve the
resource for allocation.
VCActFail
This counter is incremented when the BHS is registering to a BHM which
has a VC resource available for allocation and has reserved the VC, but
cannot activate the resource for allocation.
AP Gain
This field displays the total external gain (antenna) used by the BHM.
RcvT
This field displays the AP’s configured receive target for receiving BHS
transmissions (this field affects automatic BHS power adjust).
Sector ID
This field displays the value of the Sector ID field that is provisioned for
the BHM.
Color Code
This field displays a value from 0 to 254 indicating the BHM’s configured
color code. For registration to occur, the color code of the BHS and the
BHM must match. Color code is not a security feature. Instead, color
code is a management feature, typically for assigning each sector a
different color code.
Color code allows you to force a BHS to register to only a specific BHM,
even where the BHS can communicate with multiple BHMs. The default
setting for the color code value is 0. This value matches only the color
code of 0 (not all 255 color codes).
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Using BHM Evaluation tool
BeaconVersion
This field indicates that the beacon is OFDM (value of 1).
Sector User Count
This field displays how many BHS’s are registered on the BHM.
NumULHalfSlots
This is the number of uplink slots in the frame for this BHM.
NumDLHalfSlots
This is the number of downlink slots in the frame for this.
NumULContSlots
This field displays how many Contention Slots are being used in the
uplink portion of the frame.
WhiteSched
Flag to display if schedule whitening is supported via FPGA
ICC
This field lists the BHSs that have registered to the BHM with their
Installation Color Code (ICC), Primary CC, Secondary CC or Tertiary CC.
SM PPPoE
This filed provides information to the user whether the BHS is
supporting PPPoE or not.
Frame Period
This field displays the configured Frame Period of the radio.
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Chapter 8: Tools
Using the OFDM Frame Calculator tool
Using the OFDM Frame Calculator tool
The first step to avoid interference in wireless systems is to set all APs/BHMs to receive timing
from a synchronization source (Cluster Management Module, or Universal Global Positioning
System). This ensures that the modules are in sync and start transmitting at the same time each
frame.
The second step to avoid interference is to configure parameters on all APs/BHMs of the same
frequency band in proximity such that they have compatible transmit/receive ratios (all stop
transmitting each frame before any start receiving). This avoids the problem of one AP/BHM
attempting to receive the signal from a distant SM/BHS while a nearby AP transmits, which could
overpower that signal.
The following parameters on the AP determine the transmit/receive ratio:
•
Max Range
•
Frame Period
•
Downlink Data percentage
•
(reserved) Contention Slots
If OFDM (PMP 430, PMP 450, PTP 230) and FSK (PMP 1x0) APs/BHMs of the same frequency band
are in proximity, or if APs/BHMs set to different parameters (differing in their Max Range values,
for example), then operator must use the Frame Calculator to identify compatible settings.
The frame calculator is available on the Frame Calculator tab of the Tools web page. To use the
Frame Calculator, type various configurable parameter values into the calculator for each proximal
AP and then record the resulting AP/BHM Receive Start value. Next vary the Downlink Data
percentage in each calculation and iterate until the calculated AP/BHM Receive Start for all
collocated AP/BHMs where the transmit end does not come before the receive start.
The calculator does not use values in the module or populate its parameters. It is merely a
convenience application that runs on a module. For this reason, you can use any FSK module (AP,
SM, BHM, BHS) to perform FSK frame calculations for setting the parameters on an FSK AP and
any OFDM module (AP, SM, BHM, BHS) to perform OFDM frame calculations for setting the
parameters on an OFDM AP/BHM.
For more information on PMP/PTP 450 Platform co-location, see
http://www.cambiumnetworks.com/solution-papers
The co-location is also supported for 900 MHz PMP 450i APs (OFDM) and PMP 100 APs (FSK).
Please refer Co-location of PMP 450 and PMP 100 systems in the 900 MHz band and migration
recommendations document for details.
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Chapter 8: Tools
Using the OFDM Frame Calculator tool
Caution
APs/BHMs that have slightly mismatched transmit-to-receive ratios and low levels of
data traffic may see little effect on throughput. A system that was not tuned for colocation may work fine at low traffic levels, but encounter problems at higher traffic
levels. The conservative practice is to tune for co-location before traffic ultimately
increases. This prevents problems that occur as sectors are built.
The OFDM Frame Calculator page is explained in Table 202.
Table 202 OFDM Frame Calculator page attributes
Attribute
Meaning
Link Mode
For AP to SM frame calculations, select Multipoint Link
For BHM to BHS frame calculations, select Point-To-Point Link
Platform Type
AP/BHM
Use the drop-down list to select the hardware series (board type) of the
AP/BHM.
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Chapter 8: Tools
Using the OFDM Frame Calculator tool
Platform Type
SM/BHS
Use the drop-down list to select the hardware series (board type) of the
SM/BHS.
Channel Bandwidth
Set this to the channel bandwidth used in the AP/BHM.
Cyclic Prefix
Set this to the cyclic prefix used in the AP/BHM.
Max Range
Set to the same value as the Max Range parameter is set in the AP(s) or
BHM(s).
Frame Period
Set to the same value as the Frame Period parameter is set in the AP(s)
or BHM(s).
Downlink Data
Initially set this parameter to the same value that the AP/BHM has for its
Downlink Data parameter (percentage). Then, use the Frame Calculator
tool procedure as described in Using the Frame Calculator on page 8-43,
you will vary the value in this parameter to find the proper value to write
into the Downlink Data parameter of all APs or BHMs in the cluster.
PMP 450 Platform Family APs or BHMs offer a range of 15% to 85% and
default to 75%. The value that you set in this parameter has the
following interaction with the value of the Max Range parameter
(above):
The default Max Range value is 5 miles and, at that distance, the
maximum Downlink Data value (85% in PMP 450 Platform) is functional.
Contention Slots
This field indicates the number of (reserved) Contention Slots configured
by the operator. Set this parameter to the value of the Contention Slot
parameter is set in the APs or BHMs.
SM/BHS One Way
Air Delay
This field displays the time in ns (nano seconds), that a SM/BHS is away
from the AP/BHM.
The Calculated Frame Results display several items of interest:
Table 203 OFDM Calculated Frame Results attributes
Attribute
Meaning
Modulation
The type of radio modulation used in the calculation (OFDM for 450
Platform Family)
Total Frame Bits
The total number of bits used in the calculated frames
Data Slots
(Down/Up)
This field is based on the Downlink Data setting. For example, a result
within the typical range for a Downlink Data setting of 75% is 61/21,
meaning 61 data slots down and 21 data slots up.
Contention Slots
This field indicates the number of (reserved) Contention Slots configured
by the operator.
Air Delay for Max
Range
This is the roundtrip air delay in bit times for the Max Range value set in
the calculator
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Chapter 8: Tools
Using the OFDM Frame Calculator tool
Approximate
distance for Max
Range
The Max Range value used for frame calculation
AP Transmit End
In bit times, this is the frame position at which the AP/BHM ceases
transmission.
AP Receive Start
In bit times, this is the frame position at which the AP/BHM is ready to
receive transmission from the SM/BHS.
AP Receive End
In bit times, this is the frame position at which the AP/BHM will cease
receiving transmission from the SM/BHS.
SM Receive End
In bit times, this is the frame position at which the SM/BHS will cease
receiving transmission from the AP/BHM.
SM Transmit Start
In bit times, this is the frame position at which the SM/BHS starts the
transmission.
SM One Way Air
Delay
This filed displays the time in ns, that SM/BHS is away from the AP/BHM.
SM Approximate
distance
This field displays an approximate distance in miles (feet) that the
SM/BHS is away from the AP/BHM.
To use the Frame Calculator to ensure that all APs or BHMs are configured to transmit and receive
at the same time, follow the procedure below:
Procedure 34 Using the Frame Calculator
Populate the OFDM Frame Calculator parameters with appropriate values as
described above.
Click the Calculate button.
Scroll down the tab to the Calculated Frame Results section
Record the value of the AP Receive Start field
Enter a parameter set from another AP in the system – for example, an AP in the same
cluster that has a higher Max Range value configured.
Click the Calculate button.
Scroll down the tab to the Calculated Frame Results section
If the recorded values of the AP Receive Start fields are within 150 bit times of each
other, skip to step 10.
If the recorded values of the AP Receive Start fields are not within 150 bit times of
each other, modify the Downlink Data parameter until the calculated results for AP
Receive Start are within 300 bit time of each other, if possible, 150 bit time.
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Chapter 8: Tools
10
Using the OFDM Frame Calculator tool
Access the Radio tab in the Configuration web page of each AP in the cluster and
change its Downlink Data parameter (percentage) to the last value that was used in
the Frame Calculator.
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Chapter 8: Tools
Using the Subscriber Configuration tool
Using the Subscriber Configuration tool
The Subscriber Configuration page in the Tools page of the AP displays:
•
The current values whose control may be subject to the setting in the Configuration Source
parameter.
•
An indicator of the source for each value.
This page may be referenced for information on how the link is behaving based on where the SM
is retrieving certain QoS and VLAN parameters.
Figure 192 SM Configuration page of AP
The AP displays one of the following for the configuration source:
•
(SM) – QoS/VLAN parameters are derived from the SM’s settings
•
(APCAP) – QoS/VLAN parameters are derived from the AP’s settings, including any keyed
capping (for radios capped at 4 Mbps, 10 Mbps, or 20 Mbps)
•
(D) – QoS/VLAN parameters are retrieved from the device, due to failed retrieval from the AAA
or WM server.
•
(AAA) – QoS/VLAN parameters are retrieved from the RADIUS server
•
(BAM) – QoS/VLAN parameters are retrieved from a WM BAM server
Page 8-45
Chapter 8: Tools
Using the Link Status tool
Using the Link Status tool
The Link Status Tool displays information about the most-recent Link Test initiated on the SM or
BHS. Link Tests initiated from the AP or BHM are not included in the Link Status table. This table is
useful for monitoring link test results for all SMs or BHS in the system.
The Link Status table is color coded to display health of link between AP/BHM and SM/BHS. The
current Modulation Level Uplink/Downlink is chosen to determine link health and color coded
accordingly.
Uplink/Downlink Rate Column will be color coded using current Rate as per the table below:
Table 204 Color code versus uplink/downlink rate column
Actual Rate
1x
2x
3x
4x
6x
8x
SISO
RED
ORANGE
GREEN
BLUE
NA
NA
MIMO-A
RED
ORANGE
GREEN
BLUE
NA
NA
MIMO B
NA
RED
NA
ORANGE
GREEN
BLUE
Link Status – AP/BHM
The current Uplink Rate (both low and high VC) for each SM or BHS in Session in now available on
AP or BHM Link Status Page.
The Link Status tool results include values for the following fields for AP/BHM.
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Chapter 8: Tools
Using the Link Status tool
Table 205 Link Status page attributes – AP/BHM
Attribute
Meaning
Subscriber
This field displays the LUID (logical unit ID), MAC address and Site Name
of the SM. As each SM registers to the AP, the system assigns an LUID
of 2 or a higher unique number to the SM. If a SM loses registration with
the AP and then regains registration, the SM will retain the same LUID.
Note
The LUID associated is lost when a power cycle of the AP
occurs.
Both the LUID and the MAC are hot links to open the
interface to the SM. In some instances, depending on
network activity and network design, this route to the
interface yields a blank web page. If this occurs, refresh
your browser view.
Site Name indicates the name of the SM. You can assign or
change this name on the Configuration web page of the
SM. This information is also set into the sysName SNMP
MIB-II object and can be polled by an SNMP management
server.
Uplink Statistics Power Level: Signal
Strength Ratio
This field represents the combined received power level at the AP/BHM
as well as the ratio of horizontal path signal strength to vertical path
signal strength.
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Using the Link Status tool
Uplink Statistics –
Fragments
Modulation
This field represents the percentage of fragments received at each
modulation state, per path (polarization).
Uplink Statistics –
Signal to Noise Ratio
This field represents the signal to noise ratio for the uplink (displayed
when parameter Signal to Noise Ratio Calculation during Link Test is
enabled) expressed for both the horizontal and vertical channels.
Uplink Statistics –
Link Test Efficiency
This field displays the efficiency of the radio link, expressed as a
percentage, for the radio uplink.
Downlink Statistics –
Beacon % Received
Curr/Min/Max/Avg
This field displays a count of beacons received by the SM in percentage.
This value must be between 99-100%. If it is lower than 99%, it indicates
a problematic link. This statistic is updated every 16 seconds.
Downlink Statistics –
Power Level: Signal
Strength Ratio
This field represents the received power level at the SM/BHS as well as
the ratio of horizontal path signal strength to vertical path signal
strength at the SM/BHS.
Downlink Statistics –
Signal to Noise Ratio
This field represents the signal to noise ratio for the downlink (displayed
when parameter Signal to Noise Ratio Calculation during Link Test is
enabled) expressed for both the horizontal and vertical channels.
Downlink Statistics –
Link Test Efficiency
This field displays the efficiency of the radio link, expressed as a
percentage, for the radio downlink.
Downlink Statistics –
SU-MIMO Rate
The SU-MIMO rate applies to all AP platforms.
For 450m, this field indicates the rate being used for symbols where this
particular VC is not being MU-MIMO grouped with other SMs.
For 450 and 450i platforms, there is no grouping and this field indicates
the modulation rate for all symbols.
Downlink Statistics –
MU-MIMO Rate
The MU-MIMO rate applies only to the 450m AP. This field indicates the
modulation rate used for symbols where this particular low priority VC is
MU-MIMO scheduled by grouping it in the same slot with other low
priority VC’s.
BER Results
This field displays the over-the-air Bit Error Rates for each downlink.
(The ARQ [Automatic Resend 8-48equest] ensures that the transport BER
[the BER seen end-to-end through a network] is essentially zero.) The
level of acceptable over-the-air BER varies, based on operating
requirements, but a reasonable value for a good link is a BER of 1e-4 (1 x
10-4) or better, approximately a packet resend rate of 5%.
BER is generated using unused bits in the downlink. During periods of
peak load, BER data is not updated as often, because the system puts
priority on transport rather than on BER calculation.
Reg Requests
A Reg Requests count is the number of times the SM/BHS registered
after the AP/BHM determined that the link had been down.
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Using the Link Status tool
If the number of sessions is significantly greater than the number for
other SMs/BHS, then this may indicate a link problem (check mounting,
alignment, receive power levels) or an interference problem (conduct a
spectrum scan).
ReReg Requests
A ReReg Requests count is the number of times the AP/BHM received a
SM/BHS registration request while the AP/BHM considered the link to be
still up (and therefore did not expect registration requests).
If the number of sessions is significantly greater than the number for
other SMs/BHS, then this may indicate a link problem (check mounting,
alignment, receive power levels) or an interference problem (conduct a
spectrum scan).
Link Status – SM/BHS
The Link Status tool of SM/BHS displays Downlink Status and Uplink Status information.
Table 206 Link Status page attributes – SM/BHS
Attribute
Meaning
Downlink Status
Receive Power
This field lists the current combined receive power level, in dBm.
Signal Strength
Ratio
This field displays the difference of the Vertical path received signal
power to the Horizontal path received signal power for downlink.
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Using the Link Status tool
Signal to Noise Ratio
This field lists the current signal-to-noise level, an indication of the
separation of the received power level vs. noise floor for downlink.
Beacons
Displays a count of beacons received by the SM in percentage. This
value must be typically between 99-100%. If lower than 99%, it indicates
a problematic link. This statistic is updated every 16 seconds.
Received Fragments
Modulation
This field represents the percentage of fragments received at each
modulation state, per path (polarization)
Latest Remote Link
Test Efficiency
Percentage
This field is not applicable.
BER Total Avg
Results
This field displays the over-the-air average Bit Error Rates (BER) for
downlink.
Beacons Received
Last 15 minutes
The beacon count on the SM can be used to estimate the interference in
the channel. The min/avg/max beacon percentage displayed based on
this value for the last 15 mins.
Uplink Status
Transmit Power
This field displays the current combined transmit power level, in dBm.
Max Transmit Power
This field displays the maximum transmit power of SM.
Power Level
This field indicates the combined power level at which the SM is set to
transmit, based on the Country Code and Antenna Gain settings.
Signal Strength
Ratio
This field displays the difference of the Vertical path received signal
power to the Horizontal path received signal power for uplink.
Signal to Noise Ratio
This field lists the current signal-to-noise level, an indication of the
separation of the received power level vs. noise floor for uplink.
Latest Remote Link
Test Efficiency
Percentage
This field is not applicable.
Session Status
This field displays the current state, Virtual channel, high-priority/ low
priority channel rate adaptation and MIMO-A/MIMO-B/SISO status of
SM.
Spatial Frequency
This filed displays the spatial frequency value of the VC or SM.
Run Link Test
See Exploratory Test section of Performing Extrapolated Link Test on
page 8-27
Page 8-50
Chapter 8: Tools
Using BER Results tool
Using BER Results tool
Radio BER data represents bit errors at the RF link level. Due to CRC checks on fragments and
packets and ARQ (Automatic Repeat 8-51equest), the BER of customer data is essentially zero.
Radio BER gives one indication of link quality. Other important indications to consider includes the
received power level, signal to noise ratio and link tests.
BER is only instrumented on the downlink and is displayed on the BER Results tab of the Tools
page in any SM. Each time the tab is clicked, the current results are read and counters are reset to
zero.
The BER Results tab can be helpful in troubleshooting poor link performance.
The link is acceptable if the value of this field is less than 10−4. If the BER is greater than 10−4, reevaluate the installation of both modules in the link.
The BER test signal is broadcast by the AP/BHM (and compared to the expected test signal by the
SM/BHS) only when capacity in the sector allows it. This signal is the lowest priority for AP/BHM
transmissions.
Figure 193 BER Results tab of the SM
Page 8-51
Chapter 8: Tools
Using the Sessions tool
Using the Sessions tool
The PMP 450 Platform Family AP has a tab Sessions under the Tools category which allows
operators to drop one or all selected SM sessions and force a SM re-registration. This operation is
useful to force QoS changes for SMs without losing AP logs or statistics. This operation may take 5
minutes to regain all SM registrations.
Figure 194 Sessions tab of the AP
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Chapter 8: Tools
Using the Ping Test tool
Using the Ping Test tool
The PMP 450 Platform Family AP has a tab Ping Test under the Tools category which allows users
to check the accessibility of the given IP V4 address or a valid domain name
Figure 195 Ping Test tab of the AP
Note
When a domain name (for example, www.google.com) is used for ping test, make
sure that Preferred DNS Server and Alternate DNS Server parameters are configured
in the Configuration > IP tab of the AP.
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Chapter 9: Operation
This chapter provides instructions for operators of the 450 Platform Family wireless Ethernet
Bridge. The following topics are described in this chapter:
•
System information on page 9-2
•
Viewing Session Status on page 9-20
Viewing Remote Subscribers on page 9-29
Interpreting messages in the Event Log on page 9-29
Viewing the Network Interface on page 9-32
Viewing the Layer 2 Neighbors on page 9-33
System statistics on page 9-34
Viewing the Scheduler statistics on page 9-34
Viewing list of Registration Failures statistics on page 9-36
Interpreting Bridging Table statistics on page 9-38
Interpreting Translation Table statistics on page 9-38
Interpreting Ethernet statistics on page 9-39
Interpreting RF Control Block statistics on page 9-42
Interpreting VLAN statistics on page 9-2
Interpreting Data VC statistics on page 9-3
Interpreting MIR/Burst statistics on page 9-5
Interpreting Overload statistics on page 9-11
Interpreting DHCP Relay statistics on page 9-13
Interpreting Filter statistics on page 9-14
Viewing ARP statistics on page 9-15
Viewing NAT statistics on page 9-15
Viewing NAT DHCP Statistics on page 9-17
Interpreting Sync Status statistics on page 9-18
Interpreting PPPoE Statistics for Customer Activities on page 9-19
Interpreting Bridge Control Block statistics on page 9-21
Interpreting Pass Through Statistics on page 9-24
Interpreting SNMPv3 Statistics on page 9-25
•
Viewing General Status on page 9-2
Interpreting syslog statistics on page 9-27
Interpreting Frame Utilization statistics on page 9-27
Radio Recovery on page 9-39
Page 9-1
Chapter 9: Operation
System information
System information
This section describes how to use the summary and status pages to monitor the status of the
Ethernet ports and wireless link.
•
Viewing General Status on page 9-2
•
Viewing Session Status on page 9-20
•
Viewing Remote Subscribers on page 9-29
•
Interpreting messages in the Event Log on page 9-29
•
Viewing the Network Interface on page 9-32
•
Viewing the Layer 2 Neighbors on page 9-33
Viewing General Status
The General Status tab provides information on the operation of this AP/BHM and SM/BHS. This is
the page that opens by default when you access the GUI of the radio.
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Chapter 9: Operation
System information
General Status page of AP
The General Status page of PMP 450m AP is explained in Table 207
The General Status page of PMP 450/450i AP is explained in Table 208.
Table 207 General Status page attributes – PMP 450m AP
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Chapter 9: Operation
System information
Attribute
Meaning
Device Type
This field indicates the type of the module. Values include the frequency
band of the device, its module type and its MAC address.
Board Type
This field indicates the series of hardware.
Software Version
This field indicates the system release, the time and date of the release
and whether communications involving the module are secured by DES
or AES encryption. If you request technical support, provide the
information from this field.
Bootloader Version
This field indicates the version of Uboot running on the 450m AP
platform.
Product Type
The field indicates model number of 450m device. The 450m Series has
two model variants.
•
PMP 450m: This model works in SU-MIMO mode which is default
“limited” mode. The MU-MIMO license can be purchased from
Cambium Networks and applied.
•
MU-MIMO: This model works in MU-MIMO mode.
Board MSN
This field indicates the Manufacture’s Serial number. A unique serial
number assigned to each radio at the factory for inventory and quality
control.
FPGA Version
This field indicates the version of the field-programmable gate array
(FPGA) on the module. If you request technical support, provide the
value of this field.
Uptime
This field indicates how long the module has operated since power was
applied.
System Time
This field provides the current time. If the AP is connected to a CMM4,
then this field provides GMT (Greenwich Mean Time). Any SM that
registers to the AP inherits the system time.
Last NTP Time
Update
This field displays when the AP last used time sent from an NTP server.
If the AP has not been configured in the Time tab of the Configuration
page to request time from an NTP server, then this field is populated by
00:00:00 00/00/00.
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Chapter 9: Operation
System information
Main Ethernet
Interface
This field indicates the speed and duplex state of the Ethernet interface
to the AP.
Aux Ethernet
Interface
This field displays Aux Ethernet Data and PoE-out interface
enable/disable status. It is not supported in current release of PMP 450m
Seriea AP.
Region Code
A parameter that offers multiple fixed selections, each of which
automatically implements frequency band range for the selected region.
Units shipped to regions other than restrictions the United States must
be configured with the corresponding Region Code to comply with local
regulatory requirements.
Regulatory
This field indicates whether the configured Country Code and radio
frequency are compliant with respect to their compatibility. 450 Platform
Family products shipped to the United States is locked to a Country
Code setting of “United States”. Units shipped to regions other than the
United States must be configured with the corresponding Country Code
to comply with local regulatory requirements.
Channel Frequency
This field indicates the current operating center frequency, in MHz.
Channel Bandwidth
This field indicates the current size of the channel band used for radio
transmission.
Cyclic Prefix
OFDM technology uses a cyclic prefix, where a portion of the end of a
symbol (slot) is repeated at the beginning of the symbol to allow multipathing to settle before receiving the desired data. A 1/16 cyclic prefix
means that for every 16 bits of throughput data transmitted, an
additional bit is used.
Frame Period
This field indicates the current Frame Period setting of the radio in ms.
Color Code
This field displays a value from 0 to 254 indicating the AP’s configured
color code. For registration to occur, the color code of the SM and the AP
must match. Color code is not a security feature. Instead, color code is a
management feature, typically for assigning each sector a different color
code.
Color code allows you to force a SM to register to only a specific AP,
even where the SM can communicate with multiple APs. The default
setting for the color code value is 0. This value matches only the color
code of 0 (not all 255 color codes).
Max Range
This field indicates the setting of the Max Range parameter, which
contributes to the way the radio transmits. Verify that the Max Range
parameter is set to a distance slightly greater than the distance between
the AP and the furthest SM that must register to this AP.
EIRP
This field indicates the combined power level at which the AP will
transmit, based on the Country Code.
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Chapter 9: Operation
System information
Temperature
This field indicates the current operating temperature of the device
board.
Registered SM Count
This field indicates how many SMs are registered to the AP.
Sync Pulse Status
This field indicates the status of synchronization as follows:
Generating Sync indicates that the module is set to generate the sync
pulse.
Receiving Sync indicates that the module is set to receive a sync pulse
from an outside source and is receiving the pulse.
No Sync Since Boot up / ERROR: No Sync Pulse indicates that the
module is set to receive a sync pulse from an outside source and is not
receiving the pulse.
Note
When this message is displayed, the AP transmitter is
turned off to avoid self-interference within the system.
Sync Pulse Source
This field indicates the status of the synchronization source:
Searching indicates that the unit is searching for a GPS fix
Timing Port/UGPS indicates that the module is receiving sync via the
timing AUX/SYNC timing port
Power Port indicates that the module is receiving sync via the power
port (Ethernet port).
On-board GPS indicates that the module is receiving sync via the unit’s
internal GPS module
Maximum Count of
Registered SMs
This field displays the largest number of SMs that have been
simultaneously registered in the AP since it was last rebooted. This
count can provide some insight into sector history and provide
comparison between current and maximum SM counts at a glance.
Data Slots Down
This field indicates the number of frame slots that are designated for use
by data traffic in the downlink (sent from the AP to the SM). The AP
calculates the number of data slots based on the Max Range, Downlink
Data and (reserved) Contention Slots configured by the operator.
Data Slots Up
This field indicates the number of frame slots that are designated for use
by data traffic in the uplink (sent from the SM to the AP). The AP
calculates the number of data slots based on the Max Range, Downlink
Data and (reserved) Contention Slots configured by the operator.
Contention Slots
This field indicates the number of (reserved) Contention Slots configured
by the operator. See Contention slots on page7-178.
Connection Status
This field indicates the device connectivity to cnMaestro (Cambium’s
cloud-based network management system).
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Chapter 9: Operation
System information
Account ID
This field shows Account ID which is registered with Cambium Networks
and it allows operator to manage devices using cnMaestro.
Site Name
This field indicates the name of the physical module. You can assign or
change this name in the SNMP tab of the AP Configuration page. This
information is also set into the sysName SNMP MIB-II object and can be
polled by an SNMP management server.
Site Contact
This field indicates contact information for the physical module. You can
provide or change this information in the SNMP tab of the AP
Configuration page. This information is also set into the sysName SNMP
MIB-II object and can be polled by an SNMP management server.
Site Location
This field indicates site information for the physical module. You can
provide or change this information in the SNMP tab of the AP
Configuration page.
MU-MIMO Mode
This field displays information about MU-MIMO mode. If AP is keyed as
MU-MIMO, it will display “MU-MIMO”(Multi User - MIMO) otherwise it
will display “SU-MIMO”(Single User - MIMO).
Time Updated and
Location Code
This field displays information about the keying of the radio.
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Chapter 9: Operation
System information
Table 208 General Status page attributes – PMP 450/450i AP
Attribute
Meaning
Device Type
See Table 207 General Status page attributes – PMP 450m AP on page 93 for details
Software Version
Board Type
See Table 207 General Status page attributes – PMP 450m AP on page 93 for details
Page 9-8
Chapter 9: Operation
System information
Product Type
This indicates model of the device.
FPGA Version
See Table 207 General Status page attributes – PMP 450m AP on page 93 for details
PLD Version
Uptime
System Time
Main Ethernet
Interface
Aux Ethernet
Interface
It is not supported for PMP 450 Series devices. See Table 207 General
Status page attributes – PMP 450m AP on page 9-3 for details
Region Code
See Table 207 General Status page attributes – PMP 450m AP on page 93 for details
Regulatory
Antenna Type
Channel Center
Frequency
Channel Bandwidth
Cyclic Prefix
Frame Period
Color Code
Max Range
Transmitter Output
Power
This field indicates the combined power level at which the AP is set to
transmit, based on the Country Code and Antenna Gain settings.
Temperature
See Table 207 General Status page attributes – PMP 450m AP on page 93 for details
802.3at Type 2 PoE
Status
The field displays whether PoE Classification functionality is enabled or
disabled. It is only applicable for 450i Series devices.
Registered SM Count
See Table 207 General Status page attributes – PMP 450m AP on page 93 for details
Sync Pulse Status
Sync Pulse Source
Maximum Count of
Registered SMs
Data Slots Down
Data Slots Up
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Chapter 9: Operation
System information
Contention Slots
Connection Status
Account ID
Site Name
See Table 207 General Status page attributes – PMP 450m AP on page 93 for details
Site Contact
Site Location
Time Updated and
Location Code
Page 9-10
Chapter 9: Operation
System information
General Status page - SM
The SM’s General Status page is explained in Table 209.
Note
In order for accurate power level readings to be displayed, traffic must be present on
the radio link.
Table 209 General Status page attributes - SM
Attribute
Meaning
Device Type
This field indicates the type of the module. Values include the frequency
band of the SM, its module type and its MAC address.
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Chapter 9: Operation
System information
Board Type
This field indicates the series of hardware.
Product Type
This indicates model of the device.
Software Version
This field indicates the system release, the time and date of the release.
If you request technical support, provide the information from this field.
FPGA Version
This field indicates the version of the field-programmable gate array
(FPGA) on the module. When you request technical support, provide the
information from this field.
PLD Version
This field indicates the version of the programmable logic device (PLD)
on the module. If you request technical support, provide the value of this
field.
Uptime
This field indicates how long the module has operated since power was
applied.
System Time
This field provides the current time. Any SM that registers to an AP
inherits the system time, which is displayed in this field as GMT
(Greenwich Mean Time).
Ethernet Interface
This field indicates the speed and duplex state of Ethernet interface to
the SM.
Regional Code
A parameter that offers multiple fixed selections, each of which
automatically implements frequency band range restrictions for the
selected region. Units shipped to regions other than the United States
must be configured with the corresponding Country Code to comply
with local regulatory requirements.
DFS
This field indicates that DFS operation is enabled based on the
configured region code, if applicable.
Antenna Type
The current antenna type that has been selected.
Frame Period
This field indicates the current Frame Period setting of the radio in ms.
Temperature
The current operating temperature of the board.
Session Status
This field displays the following information about the current session:
Scanning indicates that this SM currently cycles through the radio
frequencies that are selected in the Radio tab of the Configuration page.
Syncing indicates that this SM currently attempts to receive sync.
Registering indicates that this SM has sent a registration request
message to the AP and has not yet received a response.
Registered indicates that this SM is both:
Session Uptime
•
registered to an AP.
•
ready to transmit and receive data packets.
This field displays the duration of the current link. The syntax of the
displayed time is hh:mm:ss.
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System information
Registered AP
Displays the MAC address and site name of the AP to which the SM is
registered to. This parameter provides click-through proxy access to the
AP’s management interface.
Color Code
This field displays a value from 0 to 254 indicating the SM’s configured
color code. For registration to occur, the color code of the SM and the AP
must match. Color code is not a security feature. Instead, color code is a
management feature, typically for assigning each sector a different color
code.
Color code allows you to force a SM to register to only a specific AP,
even where the SM can communicate with multiple APs. The default
setting for the color code value is 0. This value matches only the color
code of 0 (not all 255 color codes).
Channel Frequency
This field lists the current operating frequency of the radio.
Channel Bandwidth
The size in MHz of the operating channel.
Cyclic Prefix
OFDM technology uses a cyclic prefix, where a portion of the end of a
symbol (slot) is repeated at the beginning of the symbol to allow multipathing to settle before receiving the desired data. A 1/16 cyclic prefix
means that for every 16 bits of throughput data transmitted, an
additional bit is used.
Air Delay
This field displays the distance in feet between this SM and the AP. To
derive the distance in meters, multiply the value of this parameter by
0.3048. Distances reported as less than 200 feet (61 meters) are
unreliable.
Receive Power
This field lists the current combined receive power level, in dBm.
Signal Strength
Ratio
This field displays the difference of the Vertical path received signal
power to the Horizontal path received signal power.
Signal to Noise Ratio
This field lists the current signal-to-noise level, an indication of the
separation of the received power level vs. noise floor.
Beacons
Displays a count of beacons received by the SM in percentage. This
value must be typically between 99-100%. If lower than 99%, it indicates
a problematic link. This statistic is updated every 16 seconds.
Transmit Power
This field lists the current combined transmit power level, in dBm.
Note
The red SM message “target power exceeded maximum”
does not necessarily indicate a problem.
Page 9-13
Chapter 9: Operation
System information
In this case, the AP is requesting the SM to transmit at a
higher power level, but the SM is restricted due to EIRP
limits or hardware capabilities. This message can be an
indication that the SM is deployed further from the AP
than optimal, causing the AP to adjust the SM to
maximum transmit power.
Data Slots Down
This field lists the number of slots used for downlink data transmission.
Data Slots Up
This field lists the number of slots used for uplink data transmission.
Contention Slots
This field indicates the number of (reserved) Contention Slots configured
by the operator. See Contention slots on page7-178.
Site Name
This field indicates the name of the physical module. You can assign or
change this name in the SNMP tab of the SM Configuration page. This
information is also set into the sysName SNMP MIB-II object and can be
polled by an SNMP management server.
Site Contact
This field indicates contact information for the physical module. You can
provide or change this information in the SNMP tab of the SM
Configuration page. This information is also set into the sysName SNMP
MIB-II object and can be polled by an SNMP management server.
Site Location
This field indicates site information for the physical module. You can
provide or change this information in the SNMP tab of the SM
Configuration page.
Maximum
Throughput
This field indicates the limit of aggregate throughput for the SM and is
based on the default (factory) limit of the SM and any floating license
that is currently assigned to it.
Time Updated and
Location Code
This field displays information about the keying of the radio.
Note
For PMP 450 SM 900 MHz, there is additional parameter Path Info (under Subscriber
Module Stats) which displays polarization path(A & B) information.
Page 9-14
Chapter 9: Operation
System information
General Status page of BHM
The BHM’s General Status page is explained in Table 210.
Table 210 General Status page attributes - BHM
Attribute
Meaning
Device Type
This field indicates the type of the module. Values include the frequency
band of the BHM, its module type and its MAC address.
Board Type
This field indicates the series of hardware.
Product Type
This indicates model of the device.
Page 9-15
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System information
Software Version
This field indicates the system release, the time and date of the release.
If you request technical support, provide the information from this field.
Board MSN
This field indicates the Manufacture’s Serial number. A unique serial
number assigned to each radio at the factory for inventory and quality
control.
FPGA Version
This field indicates the version of the field-programmable gate array
(FPGA) on the module. When you request technical support, provide the
information from this field.
Uptime
This field indicates how long the module has operated since power was
applied.
System Time
This field provides the current time. Any BHS that registers to a BHM
inherits the system time, which is displayed in this field as GMT
(Greenwich Mean Time).
Ethernet Interface
This field indicates the speed and duplex state of Ethernet interface to
the BHM.
Antenna Type
The current antenna type that has been selected.
Temperature
The current operating temperature of the board.
Session Status
This field displays the following information about the current session:
Scanning indicates that this BHS currently cycles through the radio
frequencies that are selected in the Radio tab of the Configuration page.
Syncing indicates that this BHM currently attempts to receive sync.
Registering indicates that this BHM has sent a registration request
message to the BHM and has not yet received a response.
Registered indicates that this BHM is both:
•
Registered to a BHM.
•
Ready to transmit and receive data packets.
Session Uptime
This field displays the duration of the current link. The syntax of the
displayed time is hh:mm:ss.
Registered Backhaul
Displays the MAC address and site name of the BHM to which the BHS is
registered to. This parameter provides click-through proxy access to the
BHM’s management interface.
Channel Frequency
This field lists the current operating frequency of the radio.
Receive Power
This field lists the current combined receive power level, in dBm.
Signal Strength
Ratio
This field displays the difference of the Vertical path received signal
power to the Horizontal path received signal power.
Transmit Power
This field lists the current combined transmit power level, in dBm.
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System information
Signal to Noise Ratio
This field lists the current signal-to-noise level, an indication of the
separation of the received power level vs. noise floor.
Beacons
Displays a count of beacons received by the BHM in percentage. This
value must be typically between 99-100%. If lower than 99%, it indicates
a problematic link. This statistic is updated every 16 seconds.
Air Delay
This field displays the distance in feet between this BHS and the BHM.
To derive the distance in meters, multiply the value of this parameter by
0.3048. Distances reported as less than 200 feet (61 meters) are
unreliable.
Data Slots Down
This field lists the number of slots used for downlink data transmission.
Data Slots Up
This field lists the number of slots used for uplink data transmission.
Regional Code
A parameter that offers multiple fixed selections, each of which
automatically implements frequency band range restrictions for the
selected region. Units shipped to regions other than the United States
must be configured with the corresponding Country Code to comply
with local regulatory requirements.
Site Name
This field indicates the name of the physical module. Assign or change
this name in the Configuration > SNMP page. This information is also set
into the sysName SNMP MIB-II object and can be polled by an SNMP
management server.
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Chapter 9: Operation
System information
General Status page of BHS
The BHS’s General Status page is explained in Table 211.
Table 211 General Status page attributes - BHS
Page 9-18
Chapter 9: Operation
Attribute
System information
Meaning
Device Type
Board Type
Software Version
See Table 211 on page 9-18
Board MSN
FPGA Version
Uptime
System Time
Ethernet Interface
Antenna Type
Temperature
Session Status
Session Uptime
Registered Backhaul
Channel Frequency
Receive Power
Signal Strength
Ratio
Transmit Power
See Table 211 on page 9-18
Signal to Noise Ratio
Beacons
Air Delay
Data Slots Down
Data Slots Up
Regional Code
Site Name
Site Contact
Site Location
Time Updated and
Location Code
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Chapter 9: Operation
System information
Viewing Session Status
The Session Status page in the Home page provides information about each SM or BHS that has
registered to the AP or BHM. This information is useful for managing and troubleshooting a
system. This page also includes the current active values on each SM or BHS for MIR and VLAN, as
well as the source of these values, representing the SM/BHS itself, Authentication Server, or the
Authentication Server and SM/BHS.
Note
In order for accurate power level readings to be displayed, traffic must be present on
the radio link.
The Session Status List has four tab: Device, Session, Power and Configuration.
The SessionStatus.xml hyper link allows user to export session status page from web
management interface of AP or BHM. The session status page will be exported in xml file.
Device tab
The Device tab provides information on the Subscriber’s LUID and MAC, Hardware, Software,
FPGA versions and the state of the SM/BHS (Registered and/or encrypted).
Table 212 Device tab attributes
Attribute
Meaning
Subscriber
This field displays the LUID (logical unit ID), MAC address and Site Name
of the SM/BHS. As each SM or BHS registers to the AP/BHM, the system
assigns an LUID of 2 or a higher unique number to the SM/BHS. If a
SM/BHS loses registration with the AP/BHS and then regains
registration, the SM/BHS will retain the same LUID.
Note
The LUID associated is lost when a power cycle of the
AP/BHM occurs.
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System information
Both the LUID and the MAC are hot links to open the
interface to the SM/BHS. In some instances, depending on
network activity and network design, this route to the
interface yields a blank web page. If this occurs, refresh
your browser view.
Site Name indicates the name of the SM/BHS. Change this name on the
Configuration web page of the SM/BHS. This information is also set into
the sysName SNMP MIB-II object and can be polled by an SNMP
management server.
Hardware
This field displays the SMs or BHS hardware type.
Software Version
This field displays the software release that operates on the SM/BHS, the
release date and time of the software.
FPGA Version
This field displays the version of FPGA that runs on the SM/BHS
State
This field displays the current status of the SM/BHS as either
•
IN SESSION to indicate that the SM/BHS is currently registered to
the AP/BHM.
•
IDLE to indicate that the SM/BHS was registered to the AP/BHM at
one time, but now is not.
This field also indicates whether the encryption scheme in the module is
enabled.
Session tab
The Session tab provides information on the SMs or BHS Session Count, Reg Count, Re-Reg
Count, Uptime, Air delay, PPPoE State and Timeouts.
Table 213 Session tab attributes
Attribute
Meaning
Subscriber
See Table 212 on page 9-20.
Count
This field displays how many sessions the SM/BHS has had with the
AP/BHM. Typically, this is the sum of Reg Count and Re-Reg Count.
However, the result of internal calculation may display here as a value
that slightly differs from the sum.
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If the number of sessions is significantly greater than the number for
other SMs or BHS, then this may indicate a link problem or an
interference problem.
Reg Count
When a SM/BHS makes a Registration Request, the AP/BHM checks its
local session database to see whether it was registered earlier. If the
AP/BHM concludes that the SM/BHS is not currently in session database
and it is valid Registration Request, then the request increments the
value of this field.
In ideal situation, the Reg Count indicates total number of connected
SMs to an AP.
Note
The user can clear Reg Count by dropping all current
sessions of SM (or BHS) from Configuration > Tools >
Sessions menu.
Re-Reg Count
When a SM/BHS makes a Registration Request, the AP/BHM checks its
local session database to see whether it was registered earlier. If the
AP/BHM concludes that the SM/BHS is currently in session database,
then the request increments the value of this field.
Typically, a Re-Reg is the case where both:
•
SM/BHS attempts to reregister for having lost communication with
the AP/BHM.
•
AP/BHM has not yet observed the link to the SM/BHS as being down.
It is possible for a small period of time if there is no downlink traffic and
AP/BHM still assumes the session is up, but the SM/BHS, loses session
and quickly re-connects before the AP/BHM knew the session had
dropped. This is how a re-registration happens.
If the number of sessions is significantly greater than the number for
other SMs or BHS, then this may indicate a link problem (check
mounting, alignment, receive power levels) or an interference problem
(conduct a spectrum scan).
Uptime
Once a SM/BHS successfully registers to an AP/BHM, this timer is
started. If a session drops or is interrupted, this timer is reactivated once
re-registration is complete.
CC Priority
The field displays Color Code Priority (ICC, Primary, Secondary or
Tertiary) of all connected SM.
AirDelay
This field displays the distance of the SM/BHS from the AP/BHM in
meters, nanoseconds and bits. At close distances, the value in this field
is unreliable.
PPPoE state
This field displays the current PPPoE state (whether configured) of the
SM/BHS.
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Chapter 9: Operation
Timeout
System information
This field displays the timeout in seconds for management sessions via
HTTP, ftp access to the SM/BHS. 0 indicates that no limit is imposed.
Power tab
Table 214 Power tab attributes
Attribute
Meaning
Subscriber
See Table 212 on page 9-20.
Hardware
This field displays the SMs or BHS hardware type.
Downlink Rate SUMIMO
This field displays whether the high-priority channel is enabled in the
SM/BHS and the status of rate adapt. For example, if “8X/4X” is listed,
the radio is capable of operating at 8X but is currently operating at 4X,
due to RF conditions.
This field also states whether it is MIMO-A or MIMO-B radio e.g. “8X/8X
MIMO-B” indicates MIMO-B and “8X/4X MIMO-A” indicates MIMO-A.
A VC starts at its lowest modulation and slowly rate adapts up, as traffic
is successfully transmitted over the VC. It is normal for one VC to have a
different modulation rate than another VC, if only one VC has traffic on
it. For example if High Priority VC is enabled, but only low priority VC
has traffic the reading will show:
REGISTERED VC 18 Rate 8X/8X MIMO-B VC 255 Rate 8X/1X MIMO-B
Note: The SU-MIMO rate applies to all AP platforms. For 450m, this field
indicates the rate being used for symbols where this particular VC is not
being MU-MIMO grouped with other SM’s.
Downlink Rate MUMIMO
The MU-MIMO rate applies only to the 450m AP. This rate indicates the
modulation used for symbols where this particular low priority VC is
MU-MIMO scheduled, by grouping it in the same slot with other low
priority VC’s
AP Rx Power (dBm)
This field indicates the AP’s or BHM’s combined receive power level for
the listed SM/BHS.
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Chapter 9: Operation
System information
Signal Strength
Ratio (dB)
This field displays the ratio of the Vertical path received signal power to
the Horizontal path received signal power. This ratio can be useful for
determining multipathing conditions (high vertical to horizontal ratio) for
Uplink.
Signal to Noise Ratio
(dB)
This field lists the current signal-to-noise level, an indication of the
separation of the received power level vs. noise floor. In other words, it
indicates signal to noise ratio for Uplink.
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Chapter 9: Operation
System information
Configuration tab
The Configuration tab provides information on the SMs or BHS Uplink or Downlink (UL/DL)
Sustained Data Rate, UL/DL Burst Allocation, UL/DL Burst Rate, UL/DL Low Priority CIR, UL/DL High
CIR, UL/DL High Priority Queue Information and the UL/DL Broadcast or Multicast Allocation. This
data is refreshed based on the Web Page Auto Update setting on the AP’s or BHS’s General
Configuration page.
Table 215 Configuration tab attributes
Attribute
Meaning
Subscriber
See Table 212 on page 9-20.
Sustained Data Rate
Cap (kbps)
This field specifies the maximum sustained data rate between SM/BHS
and AP/BHM. If this field displays “Uncapped”, then there is no limit set
for data rate. If this field displays 4000, then the maximum sustained
data rate between SM/BHS and AP/BHM is limited to 4000 kbps.
Sustained Data Rate
(kbps) - Uplink
This field displays the value that is currently in effect for the SM/BHS,
with the source of that value in parentheses. This is the specified rate at
which each SM/BHS registered to this AP/BHM is replenished with
credits for transmission. The configuration source of the value is
indicated in parentheses.
See Maximum Information Rate (MIR) Parameters on page 7-201.
Sustained Data Rate
(kbps) - Downlink
This field displays the value that is currently in effect for the SM/BHS,
with the source of that value in parentheses. This is the specified the rate
at which the AP/BHM should be replenished with credits (tokens) for
transmission to each of the SMs/BHS’s in its sector. The configuration
source of the value is indicated in parentheses.
See Maximum Information Rate (MIR) Parameters on page 7-201.
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Chapter 9: Operation
Burst Allocation
(kbit) - Uplink
System information
This field displays the value that is currently in effect for the SM/BHS,
with the source of that value in parentheses. This is the specified
maximum amount of data that each SM/BHS is allowed to transmit
before being recharged at the Sustained Uplink Data Rate with credits to
transmit more. The configuration source of the value is indicated in
parentheses.
See Interaction of Burst Allocation and Sustained Data Rate Settings on
page 7-203
Burst Allocation
(kbit) - Downlink
This field displays the value that is currently in effect for the SM/BHS,
with the source of that value in parentheses. This is the specified the rate
at which the AP/BHM should be replenished with credits (tokens) for
transmission to each of the SMs/BHS’s in its sector. The configuration
source of the value is indicated in parentheses.
See Interaction of Burst Allocation and Sustained Data Rate Settings on
page 7-203
Max Burst Rate (kbit)
- Uplink
The data rate at which an SM/BHS is allowed to burst (until burst
allocation limit is reached) before being recharged at the Sustained
Uplink Data Rate with credits to transit more. When set to 0 (default), the
burst rate is unlimited.
See Interaction of Burst Allocation and Sustained Data Rate Settings on
page 7-203
Max Burst Rate (kbit)
- Downlink
The data rate at which an SM/BHS is allowed to burst (until burst
allocation limit is reached) before being recharged at the Sustained
Downlink Data Rate with credits to transit more. When set to 0 (default),
the burst rate is unlimited.
See Interaction of Burst Allocation and Sustained Data Rate Settings on
page 7-203
Low Priority CIR
This field indicates the minimum rate at which low priority traffic is sent
over the uplink and downlink (unless CIR is oversubscribed or RF link
quality is degraded).
High CIR
This field indicates the minimum rate at which high priority traffic is sent
over the uplink and downlink (unless CIR is oversubscribed or RF link
quality is degraded).
Broadcast/Multicast
Allocation
This field displays the data rate at which Broadcast and Multicast traffic
is sent via the radio link.
RADIUS
Authentication Reply
This field displays whether RADIUS server is reachable or not.
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Chapter 9: Operation
RADIUS
Authentication
Server
System information
This field displays the associated RADIUS Authentication Server for each
SM where it was authenticated. This information is useful when there
are multiple RADIUS servers (maximum three servers supported by
Cambium). If one server is not reachable, other configured servers are
tried in sequential order as a fall-back. In this scenario, the Session
Status is useful to identify associate RADIUS Authentication Server for
all connected SMs.
Table 216 Session Status > Configuration CIR configuration denotations
Attribute
Meaning
(SM)
QoS/VLAN parameters are derived from the SM’s/BHS’s settings
(APCAP)
QoS/VLAN parameters are derived from the AP’s settings, including any
keyed capping (for radios capped at 4 Mbps, 10 Mbps, or 20 Mbps)
(D)
QoS/VLAN parameters are retrieved from the device, due to failed
retrieval from the AAA or WM server.
(AAA)
QoS/VLAN parameters are retrieved from the RADIUS server
(BAM)
QoS/VLAN parameters are retrieved from a WM BAM server
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Chapter 9: Operation
System information
Link Quality tab
The Link Quality tab provides information on the Subscriber’s UID, Link quality, Downlink, Uplink,
Beacon, ReReg, and the Uptime.
This data is refreshed based on the Link Quality Update Interval parameter configuration under the
Sessions Status page.
The Link Quality tab displays the calculated Link Quality Indicator (LQI) for the configured interval
(Link Quality Update Interval parameter).
Table 217 Link Quality tab attributes
Attribute
Meaning
Subscriber
See Table 212 on page 9-20.
Link Quality Indicator
This field displays quality of the link. It is calculated based on receive
power, modulation rate, re-registrations and beacon percentage.
Downlink - Quality
Index
This field displays the downlink quality in percentage. It is calculated
based on Downlink receiver power, modulation rate, and beacon
percentage.
Downlink -Actual
Average Rate
This field displays the average Downlink modulation rate. For 450m, this
field specifies the SU-MIMO Modulation Rate.
Downlink - Expected
Rate
This field displays the expected modulation rate based on receive power
in Downlink.
Uplink - Quality
Index
This field displays the uplink quality in percentage. It is calculated based
on Uplink receiver power and modulation rate.
Uplink -Actual
Average Rate
This field displays the average Uplink modulation rate.
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Chapter 9: Operation
System information
Uplink - Expected
Rate
This field displays the expected modulation rate based on receive power
in Uplink.
Beacon - Quality
Index
This field displays the beacon quality index. It is calculated based on
beacon percentage.
Beacon - Received
Percent
This field displays the received beacon percentage.
Re-Reg - Quality
Index
This field displays the re-registration quality. It is calculated based on the
re-registration count.
Re-Reg Count
This field displays the number of re-registrations.
Uptime
This field displays the uptime of the device.
Viewing Remote Subscribers
This page allows to view the web pages of registered SMs or BHS over the RF link. To view the
pages for a selected SM/BHS, click its link. The General Status page of the SM opens.
Figure 196 Remote Subscribers page of AP
Interpreting messages in the Event Log
Each line in the Event Log of a module Home page begins with a time and date stamp. However,
some of these lines wrap as a combined result of window width, browser preferences and line
length. You may find this tab easiest to use if you expand the window till all lines are shown
beginning with time and date stamp.
Time and Date Stamp
The time and date stamp reflect one of the following:
•
GPS time and date directly or indirectly received from the CMM4.
•
NTP time and date from a NTP server (CMM4 may serve as an NTP server)
•
The running time and date that you have set in the Time & Date web page.
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Chapter 9: Operation
System information
Note
In the Time & Date web page, if you have left any time field or date field unset and
clicked the Set Time and Date button, then the time and date default to 00:00:00 UT
: 01/01/00.
A reboot causes the preset time to pause or, in some cases, to run in reverse.
Additionally, a power cycle resets the running time and date to the default 00:00:00
UT : 01/01/00. Thus, whenever either a reboot or a power cycle has occurred,
must reset the time and date in the Time & Date web page of any module that is not
set to receive sync.
Event Log Data Collection
The collection of event data continues through reboots and power cycles. When the buffer
allowance for event log data is reached, the system adds new data into the log and discards an
identical amount of the oldest data.
Each line that contains the expression WatchDog flags an event that was both:
•
considered by the system software to have been an exception
•
recorded in the preceding line.
Conversely, a Fatal Error () message flags an event that is recorded in the next line. Some
exceptions and fatal errors may be significant and require either operator action or technical
support.
Figure 197 Event log data
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Chapter 9: Operation
System information
Messages that Flag Abnormal Events
The messages listed below flag abnormal events and, case by case, may signal the need for
corrective action or technical support.
Table 218 Event Log messages for abnormal events
Event Message
Meaning
Expected LUID = 6
Actual LUID = 7
Something is interfering with the control messaging of the module. Also
ensure that you are using shielded cables to minimize interference.
Consider trying different frequency options to eliminate or reduce
interference.
FatalError()
The event recorded on the line immediately beneath this message
triggered the Fatal Error ().
Loss of GPS Sync
Pulse
Module has lost GPS sync signal.
Machine Check
Exception
This is a symptom of a possible hardware failure. If this is a recurring
message, begin the RMA process for the module.
RcvFrmNum =
0x00066d
ExpFrmNum =
0x000799
Something is interfering with the control messaging of the module. Also
ensure that you are using shielded cables to minimize interference.
Consider trying different frequency options to eliminate or reduce
interference.
System Reset
Exception -- External
Hard Reset
The unit lost power or was power cycled.
System Reset
Exception -- External
Hard Reset
WatchDog
The event recorded on the preceding line triggered this WatchDog
message.
Messages that Flag Normal Events
The messages listed below record normal events and typically do not signal a need for any
corrective action or technical support.
Table 219 Event Log messages for normal events
Event Message
Meaning
Acquired GPS Sync
Pulse.
Module has acquired GPS sync signal.
FPGA Features
Type of encryption.
FPGA Version
FPGA (JBC) version in the module.
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Chapter 9: Operation
System information
GPS Date/Time Set
Module is now on GPS time.
Reboot from Webpage
Module was rebooted from management interface.
Software Boot Version
Boot version in the module.
Software Version
The software release and authentication method for the unit.
System Log Cleared
Event log was manually cleared.
Viewing the Network Interface
In any module, the LAN1 Network Interface section of this tab displays the defined Internet
Protocol scheme for the Ethernet interface to the module. In SM/BHS devices, this page also
provides an RF Public Network Interface section, which displays the Internet Protocol scheme
defined for network access through the master device (AP/BHM).
Figure 198 Network Interface tab of the AP
Figure 199 Network Interface tab of the SM
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Chapter 9: Operation
System information
Viewing the Layer 2 Neighbors
In the Layer 2 Neighbors tab, a module reports any device from which it has received a message in
Link Layer Discovery Protocol within the previous two minutes. Given the frequency of LLDP
messaging, this means that the connected device will appear in this tab 30 seconds after it is
booted and remain until two minutes after its shutdown.
Figure 200 Layer 2 Neighbors page
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Chapter 9: Operation
System statistics
System statistics
This section describes how to use the system statistics pages to manage the performance of the
PMP/PTP 450 Platform Family link.
Viewing the Scheduler statistics
The Statistics > Scheduler page is applicable for all modules (AP/SM/BHM/BHS) and the
parameters are displayed as shown below:
Table 220 Scheduler tab attributes
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Chapter 9: Operation
System statistics
Attribute
Meaning
Transmit Unicast
Data Count
Total amount of unicast packets transmitted from the radio
Transmit Broadcast
Data Count
Total amount of broadcast packets transmitted from the radio
Transmit Multicast
Data Count
Total amount of multicast packets transmitted by the radio
Receive Unicast Data
Count
Total amount of unicast packets received by the radio
Receive Broadcast
Data Count
Total amount of broadcast packets received by the radio
Receive Multicast
Data Count
Total amount of multicast packets received by the radio
Transmit Control
Count
Amount of radio control type messages transmitted (registration
requests and grants, etc.)
Receive Control
Count
Amount of radio control type messages received (registration requests
and grants, etc.)
In Sync Count
Number of times the radio has acquired sync. When GPS
synchronization is used it is number of times GPS sync acquired. For the
SM, it is the number of times the SM successfully obtained sync with an
AP.
Out of Sync Count
Number of times the radio lost same sync lock
Overrun Count
Number of times FPGA frame has overrun its TX Frame
Underrun Count
Number of times FPGAs TX Frame aborted prematurely
Receive Corrupt Data
Count
Number of times a corrupt packet has been received at the FPGA.
Receive Corrupt
Control Data Count
Number of times a corrupt control data packet has been received at the
FPGA.
Receive Bad
Broadcast Control
Count
Number of times the radio has received an invalid control message via
broadcast (SM only).
Rcv LT Start
Number of Link Test Start messages received. A remote radio has
requested that this radio start a link test to it.
Rcv LT Start HS
Number of Link Test Start Handshake messages received. This radio
requested that a remote radio start a link test and the remote radio has
sent a handshake back acknowledging the start.
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System statistics
Rcv LT Result
This radio received Link Test results from the remote radio under
test. When this radio initiates a link test, the remote radio will send its
results to this radio for display.
Xmt LT Result
This radio transmitted its link test results to the remote radio under
test. When the remote radio initiates a link test, this radio must send its
results to the remote radio for display there.
Frame Too Big
This statistics indicates the number of packets received and processed
by the radios which were greater than max packet size 1700 bytes.
Bad
Acknowledgment
This statistics indicates the number of packets received as bad
acknowledgment. It is for engineering use only.
Bad Fragment
This statistic indicates number of fragments tagged internally as bad. It
is for engineering use only.
VC Clear Error Count
This statistic indicates number of times VC clear failed.
Rx No Buffer Count
Currently unused
Scheduler Error
This error is incremented when the scheduler cannot send or get
scheduled to send a packet. t is also general called a “VC Error”.
Viewing list of Registration Failures statistics
SM Registration Failures page of AP
The SM Registration Failures tab identifies SMs that have recently attempted and failed to register
to this AP. With its time stamps, these instances may suggest that a new or transient source of
interference exists.
Table 221 SM Registration Failures page attributes - AP
Attribute
Meaning
Status 17 Flag 0
No response was received from the AAA server and hence SM is trying
to send a session request again.
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Chapter 9: Operation
System statistics
BHS Registration Failures page of BHM
Table 222 BHS Registration Failures page attributes - BHM
Attribute
Meaning
Status 17 Flag 0
No response was received from the AAA server and hence SM is trying
to send a session request again.
There is a list of flags from 0 to 20 as shown in Table 223 and the “Flags” can be ignored.
Table 223 Flags status
Flag
Meaning
Flag
Meaning
Normal
11
AP Lite Limit Reached
Out of Range
12
Only Ver 9.5+ Allowed
No Luids
13
Temporary Data VC for AAA
BH ReRange
14
AAA Authentication Failure
Auth Fail
15
Registration Grant Reject
Encrypt Fail
16
Blank
Power Adjust
17
AAA Session Retry
No VCs
18
AAA Reauth Failure
Reserve VC Fail
19
RegReq at zero power
Activate VC Fail
20
RegReq no time ref
10
Hi VC Setup Fail
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Chapter 9: Operation
System statistics
Interpreting Bridging Table statistics
If NAT (network address translation) is not active on the SM/BHS, then the Bridging Table page
provides the MAC address of all devices that are attached to registered SMs/BHS (identified by
LUIDs).
The SM/BHS management MAC addresses are also added in bridge table upon SMs/BHS
registration. These entries will be remove automically from the table once SMs/BHS is deregistered. This alleviates the arp cache > bridge cache timeout problems.
The bridging table allows data to be sent to the correct module as follows:
•
For the AP/BHM, the uplink is from RF to Ethernet. Thus, when a packet arrives in the RF
interface to the AP/BHM, the AP/BHM reads the MAC address from the inbound packet and
creates a bridging table entry of the source MAC address on the other end of the RF interface.
•
For the SM/BHS, the uplink is from Ethernet to RF. Thus, when a packet arrives in the Ethernet
interface to one of these modules, the module reads the MAC address from the inbound packet
and creates a bridging table entry of the source MAC address on the other end of the Ethernet
interface.
Figure 201 Bridging Table page
The Bridging Table supports up to 4096 entries.
Interpreting Translation Table statistics
When Translation Bridging is enabled in the AP, each SM keeps a table mapping MAC addresses
of devices attached to the AP to IP addresses, as otherwise the mapping of end-user MAC
addresses to IP addresses is lost. (When Translation Bridging is enabled, an AP modifies all uplink
traffic originating from registered SMs such that the source MAC address of every packet is
changed to that of the SM which bridged the packet in the uplink direction.)
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Chapter 9: Operation
System statistics
Figure 202 Translation Table page of SM
Interpreting Ethernet statistics
The Statistics > Ethernet page reports TCP throughput and error information for the Ethernet
connection of the module. This page is applicable for all modules (AP/SM/BHM/BHS).
The Ethernet page displays the following fields.
Table 224 Ethernet tab attributes
Attribute
Meaning
Ethernet Link
Detected
1 indicates that an Ethernet link is established to the radio, 0 indicates
that no Ethernet link is established
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Chapter 9: Operation
System statistics
Ethernet Link Lost
This field indicates a count of how many times the Ethernet link was lost.
Undersized Toss
Count
This field indicates the number of packets that were too small to process
and hence discarded.
inoctets Count
This field displays how many octets were received on the interface,
including those that deliver framing information.
inucastpkts Count
This field displays how many inbound subnetwork-unicast packets were
delivered to a higher-layer protocol.
Innucastpkts Count
This field displays how many inbound non-unicast (subnetworkbroadcast or subnetwork-multicast) packets were delivered to a higherlayer protocol.
indiscards Count
This field displays how many inbound packets were discarded without
errors that would have prevented their delivery to a higher-layer
protocol. (Some of these packets may have been discarded to increase
buffer space.)
inerrors Count
This field displays how many inbound packets contained errors that
prevented their delivery to a higher-layer protocol.
inunknownprotos
Count
This field displays how many inbound packets were discarded because
of an unknown or unsupported protocol.
outoctets Count
This field displays how many octets were transmitted out of the
interface, including those that deliver framing information.
outucastpkts Count
This field displays how many packets for which the higher-level
protocols requested transmission to a subnetwork-unicast address. The
number includes those that were discarded or not sent.
outnucastpkts Count
This field displays how many packets for which the higher-level
protocols requested transmission to a non-unicast (subnetworkbroadcast or subnetwork-multicast) address. The number includes those
that were discarded or not sent.
outdiscards Count
This field displays how many outbound packets were discarded without
errors that would have prevented their transmission. (Some of these
packets may have been discarded to increase buffer space.)
outerrrors Count
This field displays how many outbound packets contained errors that
prevented their transmission.
RxBabErr
This field displays how many receiver babble errors occurred.
TxHbErr
This field displays how many transmit heartbeat errors have occurred.
EthBusErr
This field displays how many Ethernet bus errors occurred on the
Ethernet controller.
CRCError
This field displays how many CRC errors occurred on the Ethernet
controller.
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Chapter 9: Operation
RcvFifoNoBuf
System statistics
This field displays the number of times no FIFO buffer space was able to
be allocated.
Note:
PMP 450 AP running in Gigabit Ethernet Mode displays error
“RcfFifoNoBuf” which indicates packet loss.
For 450 AP platforms, if ethernet auto-negotation is set to
Gigabit, then it is a known limitation that “RcfFifoNoBuf”
error will be seen. This issue is not seen if autonegotation is
set to 100Mbps or lower, and the issue is not seen on 450i or
450m AP's.
RxOverrun
This field displays how many receiver overrun errors occurred on the
Ethernet controller.
Late Collision
This field displays how many late collisions occurred on the Ethernet
controller. A normal collision occurs during the first 512 bits of the frame
transmission. A collision that occurs after the first 512 bits is considered
a late collision.
Caution
A late collision is a serious network problem because the frame
being transmitted is discarded. A late collision is most commonly
caused by a mismatch between duplex configurations at the ends
of a link segment.
RetransLimitExp
This field displays how many times the retransmit limit has expired.
TxUnderrun
This field displays how many transmission-underrun errors occurred on
the Ethernet controller.
CarSenseLost
This field displays how many carrier sense lost errors occurred on the
Ethernet controller.
No Carrier
This field displays how many no carrier errors occurred on the Ethernet
controller.
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Chapter 9: Operation
System statistics
Interpreting RF Control Block statistics
The Statistics > Radio page is applicable for all module (AP/SM/BHM/BHS). The Radio page of the
Statistics page displays the following fields.
Table 225 Radio (Statistics) page attributes – RF Control Block
Attribute
Meaning
inoctets Count
This field displays how many octets were received on the interface,
including those that deliver framing information.
inucastpkts Count
This field displays how many inbound subnetwork-unicast packets were
delivered to a higher-layer protocol.
Innucastpkts Count
This field displays how many inbound non-unicast (subnetworkbroadcast or subnetwork-multicast) packets were delivered to a higherlayer protocol.
indiscards Count
This field displays how many inbound packets were discarded without
errors that would have prevented their delivery to a higher-layer
protocol. This stat is pegged whenever corrupt data is received by
software or whenever the RF Software Bridge queue is full.
Corrupt data is a very unusual event because all packets are CRC
checked by hardware before being passed into software.
The likely case for indiscards is if the RF bridge queue is full. If this is the
case the radio is most likely PPS limited due to excessive small packet
traffic or a problem at the Ethernet interface. If there is a problem at the
Ethernet interface there is likely to be discards at the Ethernet as well.
inerrors Count
This field displays how many inbound packets contained errors that
prevented their delivery to a higher-layer protocol.
inunknownprotos
Count
This field displays how many inbound packets were discarded because
of an unknown or unsupported protocol.
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System statistics
outoctets Count
This field displays how many octets were transmitted out of the
interface, including those that deliver framing information.
outucastpkts Count
This field displays how many packets for which the higher-level
protocols requested transmission to a subnetwork-unicast address. The
number includes those that were discarded or not sent.
outnucastpkts Count
This field displays how many packets for which the higher-level
protocols requested transmission to a non-unicast (subnetworkbroadcast or subnetwork-multicast) address. The number includes those
that were discarded or not sent.
outdiscards Count
This field displays how many outbound packets were discarded without
errors that would have prevented their transmission. (Some of these
packets may have been discarded to increase buffer space.)
outerrrors Count
This field displays how many outbound packets contained errors that
prevented their transmission.
Page 9-43
Interpreting Sounding statistics for AP
In the AP GUI, sounding statistics can be found under Statistics > Radio.
Table 226 Radio (Statistics - AP) page attributes - Sounding
Attribute
Meaning
reference SF
Spatial Frequency of VC. Values 0 to 1023 are valid and value 2048 is considered as invalid.
soundingState
Different types of Sounding states are:
•
UNKNOWN: VC has recently registered to the AP but not registered with the channel manager yet.
•
NEW: VC has been registered with the channel manager and will soon transition to ASSESSING.
•
ASSESSING: AP will instruct SM to take the channel measurements. Channel estimates and spatial
frequencies will be calculated.
•
TRACKING: Valid measurements resulted in good channel estimates and spatial frequency. This VC
can now be used for MU-MIMO.
•
INVALID: Inconsistent measurements resulting in no channel estimate or spatial frequency. This VC
cannot be used for MU-MIMO and it will ultimately be re-assessed.
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Chapter 9: Operation
soundingFault
System statistics
Generally if VC is UNTRUSTED, this means something went wrong. The fault codes can help to describe
what is wrong with this channel (If VC is TRACKING this will generally indicate 0
(SOUNDING_FAULT_NONE)).
Error codes are:
•
SOUNDING_FAULT_VC_CEST: Channel Estimate Error, could be due to issues with the channel..
•
SOUNDING_FAULT_NULLING_SNR: Channel Estimate Error, could be due to issues with the channel.
•
SOUNDING_FAULT_SM_ERROR: SM returned Error code when taking channel measurements.
•
SOUNDING_FAULT_CHANNEL_DISTORTION: Channel Distortion is beyond tolerance, could be due to
issues with the channel.
•
SOUNDING_FAULT_UNSTABLE_SF: Inconsistent Spatial Frequency, could be due to issues with the
channel.
•
SOUNDING_FAULT_SF_DEVIATION: Inconsistent Spatial Frequency, could be due to issues with the
channel.
•
SOUNDING_FAULT_INTERNAL_ERROR: Could be due to incompatible software (AP – SM), or other
catastrophic software issue.
mumimoVetoCount
If excessive channel distortion is observed during condensed nulling (tracking state) this count will
increment and VC will transition back to assessing state.
channelDistortion
Channel distortion readings.
nullingSNR
Signal to noise ratio of condensed nulling error response.
cnResponseCountSM
The SM adds a counter to the CN (Condensed Nulling) response. This indicates how many responses
were sent by that SM.
cnResponseCountAP
The AP increments a count for each CN response received.
Page 9-2
Chapter 9: Operation
missedTagCount
System statistics
This is the number of CN responses transmitted by SM but not received at AP.
Page 9-3
Interpreting Sounding statistics for SM
In the SM GUI, sounding statistics can be found under Statistics > Radio.
The top section, RF Control Block Statistics, is applicable to the SM communicating to any AP (450,
450i, or 450m), and it is always visible. The bottom section, Sounding Statistics, is visible only if
the SM is communicating with a 450m AP.
Table 227 Radio (Statistics - SM) page attributes - Sounding
Attribute
Meaning
Responses
Number of sounding responses (full VC assessments or condensed
nulling) sent from the SM to the AP
Responses
Suppressed
Number of sounding requests suppressed by the SM.
The reason why a sounding response is suppressed is because the error
calculated during the sounding process is lower than the threshold set
by the AP. In this case, the SM does not need to transmit a sounding
response to the AP
Errors
Number of errors in the sounding process at the SM
Examples of events that count as errors:
•
Sounding type is not supported
•
IQ capture not enabled: for example, if sounding requested too soon
after SM boot
•
IQ capture did not complete
•
Sounding processing took too long
Version Mismatch
Number of sounding requests with mismatched version numbers
The Sounding Acquisition Command contains a version number. The
SM checks its own version number and flags any mismatch. Currently,
AP and SMs use V1.
Max Request Interval
Largest time between two sounding requests received from the 450m AP
Avg Request Interval
Average time between two sounding requests received from the 450m
AP
Page 9-1
Chapter 9: Operation
System statistics
Interpreting VLAN statistics
The Statistics > VLAN page provides a list of the most recent packets that were filtered because of
VLAN membership violations. It is applicable for all modules (AP/SM/BHM/BHS).
Table 228 VLAN page attributes
Attribute
Meaning
Unknown
This must not occur. Contact Technical Support.
Only Tagged
The packet was filtered because the configuration is set to accept only
packets that have an 802.1Q header and this packet did not.
Ingress
When the packet entered through the wired Ethernet interface,
the packet was filtered because it indicated an incorrect VLAN
membership.
Local Ingress
When the packet was received from the local TCP/IP stack, the packet
was filtered because it indicated an incorrect VLAN membership.
This must not occur. Contact Technical Support.
Egress
When the packet attempted to leave through the wired Ethernet
interface, the packet was filtered because it indicated an incorrect VLAN
membership.
Local Egress
When the packet attempted to reach the local TCP/IP stack, the packet
was filtered because it indicated an incorrect VLAN membership.
Page 9-2
Chapter 9: Operation
System statistics
Interpreting Data VC statistics
The Statistics > Data VC page displays information about Virtual Channel (VC) used in data
communications. This page is applicable for all modules (AP/SM/BHM/BHS).
The Data VC tab displays the fields as explained in Table 229.
Table 229 Data VC page attributes
Attribute
Meaning
Subscriber
This field displays the LUID (logical unit ID), MAC address and Site Name
of the SM/BHS. As each SM or BHS registers to the AP/BHM, the system
assigns an LUID of 2 or a higher unique number to the SM/BHS. If a
SM/BHS loses registration with the AP/BHM and then regains
registration, the SM/BHS retains the same LUID.
VC
This field displays the virtual channel number. Low priority channels
start at VC18 and count up. High priority channels start at VC255 and
count down. If one VC is displayed, the high-priority channel is disabled.
If two are displayed, the high-priority channel is enabled.
CoS
This field displays the Class of Service for the virtual channel. The low
priority channel is a CoS of 00 and the high priority channel is a CoS of
01. CoS of 02 through 07 are not currently used.
Inbound Statistics,
octets
This field displays how many octets were received on the interface,
including those that deliver framing information.
Inbound Statistics,
ucastpkts
This field displays how many inbound subnetwork-unicast packets were
delivered to a higher-layer protocol.
Inbound Statistics,
nucastpkts
This field displays how many inbound non-unicast (subnetworkbroadcast or subnetwork-multicast) packets were delivered to a higherlayer protocol.
Page 9-3

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