Cambium Networks XS3900A XS-3900 Wireless LAN Array User Manual xirrus array userguide2

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User’s Guide
XS
3900
Wireless
LAN Array
March 17th, 2006
3700
3500
Wireless LAN Array
XS-3900, XS-3700, XS-3500
All rights reserved. This document may not be reproduced or
disclosed in whole or in part by any means without the written
consent of Xirrus, Inc.
Part Number: 800-0006-001
(Revision E)
Trademarks
is a trademark of Xirrus, Inc. All other trademarks and brand names
are marks of their respective holders.
Notices
FCC Notice
This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules, with operation subject to the
following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and
(2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that
may cause unwanted operation.
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A
digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC rules. These limits are designed to
provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential
installation. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate RF energy and, if not
installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful
interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that
interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does
cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be
determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to
correct the interference by one or more of the following safety measures:
Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
Increase the separation between the equipment and the receiver.
Consult the dealer or an experienced wireless technician for help.
Use of a shielded twisted pair (STP) cable must be used for all Ethernet
connections in order to comply with EMC requirements.
RF Radiation Hazard Warning
To ensure compliance with FCC RF exposure requirements, this device must be
installed in a location where the antennas of the device will have a minimum
distance of at least 25 cm (9.84 inches) from all persons. Using higher gain
antennas and types of antennas not certified for use with this product is not
allowed. The device shall not be co-located with another transmitter.
Non-Modification Statement
Unauthorized changes or modifications to the device are not permitted. Use only
the supplied internal antenna, or external antennas supplied by the manufacturer.
Modifications to the device will void the warranty and may violate FCC
regulations. Please go to the Xirrus Web site for a list of all approved antennas.
Indoor Use
This product has been designed for indoor use. Operation of channels in the
5150MHz to 5250MHz band is permitted indoors only to reduce the potential for
harmful interference to co-channel mobile satellite systems.
Maximum Antenna Gain
Currently, the maximum antenna gain for external antennas is limited to 5.2dBi
for operation in the 2400MHz to 2483.5MHz, 5150MHz to 5250MHz and
5725MHz to 5825MHz bands. The antenna gains must not exceed maximum EIRP
limits set by the FCC / Industry Canada.
High Power Radars
High power radars are allocated as primary users (meaning they have priority) in
the 5150MHz to 5250MHz and 5650MHz to 5850MHz bands. These radars could
cause interference and/or damage to LELAN devices used in Canada.
Industry Canada Notice and Marking
This Class A digital apparatus complies with Canadian ICES-003.
Cet appareil numérique de la classe A est conforme à la norme NMB-003 du Canada.
The term “IC:” before the radio certification number only signifies that Industry
Canada technical specifications were met.
To reduce potential radio interference to other users, the antenna type and its gain
should be so chosen that the equivalent isotropically radiated power (EIRP) is not
more than that required for successful communication.
EU Directive 1999/5/EC Compliance Information
This section contains compliance information for the Xirrus Wireless LAN Array
family of products, which includes the XS-3900, XS-3700 and XS-3500. The
compliance information contained in this section is relevant to the European
Union and other countries that have implemented the EU Directive 1999/5/EC.
Declaration of Conformity
Cesky [Czech] Toto zahzeni je v souladu se základnimi požadavky a
ostatnimi odpovidajcimi ustano veni mi SmČ rnice
1999/5/EC.
Dansk [Danish] Dette udstyr er i overensstemmelse med de
væsentlige krav og andre relevante bestemmelser i
Direktiv 1999/5/EF.
Deutsch [German] Dieses Gerat entspricht den grundlegenden
Anforderungen und den weiteren entsprechenden
Vorgaben der Richtinie 1999/5/EU.
Eesti [Estonian] See seande vastab direktiivi 1999/5/EU olulistele
nöuetele ja teistele as jakohastele sätetele.
English This equipment is in compliance with the essential
requirements and other relevant provisions of
Directive 1999/5/EC.
Español [Spain] Este equipo cump le con los requisitos esenciales asi
como con otras disposiciones de la Directiva 1999/5/
CE.
ǼȜȜȘȞȣțȘ [Greek] ǹȣIJȩȗ Ƞ İȟȠʌȜIJıµȩȗ İȓȞĮȚ ıİ ıȣµµȩȡijȦıȘ µİ IJȚȗ
ȠȣıȚȫįİȚȗ ĮʌĮȚIJȒıİȚȗ țĮȚ ȪȜȜİȗ ıȤİIJȚțȑȗ įȚĮIJȐȟİȚȗ IJȘȗ
ȅįȘȖȚĮȗ 1999/5/EC.
Français [French] Cet appareil est conforme aux exigences essentielles
et aux autres dispositions pertinentes de la Directive
1999/5/EC.
Ď slenska [Icelandic] Þetta tæki er samkvæmt grunnkröfum og öðrum
viðeigandi ákvæðum Tilskipunar 1999/5/EC.
Italiano [Italian] Questo apparato é conforme ai requisiti essenziali ed
agli altri principi sanciti dalla Direttiva 1999/5/CE.
Latviski [Latvian] ŠƯ iekƗrta atbilst DirektƯvas 1999/5/EK bnjtiskajƗ
prasƯbƗm un citiem ar to saistƯtajiem noteikumiem.
Lietuviǐ [Lithuanian] Šis Ƴrenginys tenkina 1995/5/EB Direktyvos
esminius reikalavimus ir kitas šios direktyvos
nuostatas.
Nederlands [Dutch] Dit apparant voldoet aan de essentiele eisen en
andere van toepassing zijnde bepalingen van de
Richtlijn 1995/5/EC.
Malti [Maltese] Dan l-apparant huwa konformi mal-htigiet essenzjali
u l-provedimenti l-ohra rilevanti tad-Direttiva 1999/
5/EC.
Margyar [Hungarian] Ez a készülék teljesiti az alapvetö követelményeket
és más 1999/5/EK irányelvben meghatározott
vonatkozó rendelkezéseket.
Norsk [Norwegian] Dette utstyret er i samsvar med de grunnleggende
krav og andre relevante bestemmelser i EU-direktiv
1999/5/EF.
Polski [Polish] Urządzenie jest zgodne z ogólnymi wymaganiami
oraz sczególnymi mi warunkami okreĞlony mi
Dyrektywą. UE:1999/5/EC.
Portuguès [Portugese] Este equipamento está em conformidade com os
requisitos essenciais e outras provisões relevantes da
Directiva 1999/5/EC.
Slovensko [Slovenian] Ta naprava je skladna z bistvenimi zahtevami in
ostalimi relevantnimi popoji Direktive 1999/5/EC.
Slovensky [Slovak] Toto zariadenie je v zhode so základnými
požadavkami a inými prislušnými nariadeniami
direktiv: 1999/5/EC.
Suomi [Finnish] Tämä laite täyttää direktiivin 1999/5//EY olennaiset
vaatimukset ja on siinä asetettujen muiden laitetta
koskevien määräysten mukainen.
Svenska [Swedish] Denna utrustning är i överensstämmelse med de
väsentliga kraven och andra relevanta bestämmelser
i Direktiv 1999/5/EC.
Assessment Criteria
The following standards were applied during the assessment of the product
against the requirements of the Directive 1999/5/EC:
Radio: EN 301 893 and EN 300 328 (if applicable)
EMC: EN 301 489-1 AND en 301 489-17
Safety: EN 50371 to EN 50385
CE Marking
For the Xirrus Wireless LAN Array (XS-3900, XS-3700 and XS-3500), the CE mark
and Class-2 identifier opposite are affixed to the equipment and its packaging:
WEEE Compliance
Natural resources were used in the production of
this equipment.
This equipment may contain hazardous substances
that could impact the health of the environment.
In order to avoid harm to the environment and
consumption of natural resources, we encourage
you to use appropriate take-back systems when
disposing of this equipment.
The appropriate take-back systems will reuse or
recycle most of the materials of this equipment in a
way that will not harm the environment.
The crossed-out wheeled bin symbol (in
accordance with European Standard EN 50419)
invites you to use those take-back systems and
advises you not to combine the material with
refuse destined for a land fill.
If you need more information on collection, re-use
and recycling systems, please contact your local or
regional waste administration.
Please contact Xirrus for specific information on the
environmental performance of our products.
National Restrictions
In the majority of the EU and other European countries, the 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz
bands have been made available for the use of Wireless LANs. The following table
provides an overview of the regulatory requirements in general that are
applicable for the 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands.
Frequency Band
(MHz)
Max Power Level
(EIRP) (mW)
Indoor
ONLY
Outdoor
ONLY
2400–2483.5
100
X**
5150–5350*
200
N/A
5470–5725*
1000
*Dynamic frequency selection and Transmit Power Control is required in these
frequency bands.
**France is indoor use only in the upper end of the band.
The requirements for any country may change at any time. Xirrus recommends
that you check with local authorities for the current status of their national
regulations for both 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz wireless LANs.
The following countries have additional requirements or restrictions than those
listed in the above table:
Belgium
The Belgian Institute for Postal Services and Telecommunications (BIPT) must
be notified of any outdoor wireless link having a range exceeding 300 meters.
Xirrus recommends checking at www.bipt.be for more details.
Draadloze verbindingen voor buitengebruik en met een reikwijdte van meer dan 300
meter dienen aangemeld te worden bij het Belgisch Instituut voor postdiensten en
telecommunicatie (BIPT). Zie www.bipt.be voor meer gegevens.
Les liasons sans fil pour une utilisation en extérieur d’une distance supérieure à 300
mèters doivent être notifiées à l’Institut Belge des services Postaux et des
Télécommunications (IBPT). Visitez www.bipt.be pour de plus amples détails.
France
The use of the band from 5470 MHz to 5725 MHz is not allowed in France.
The band from 5150 MHz to 5350 MHz can only be used indoors. If the
product is used outdoors, the use of any 5 GHz frequency is not allowed, and
power output is restricted in some portions of the 2.4 GHz band. Refer to the
following table or go to www.art-telecom.fr for more details.
L’utilisation de la bande 5470 MHz à 5725 MHz n’est pas autorisée en France. La
bande de 5150 MHz à 5350 MHz ne peut être utilisée qu’ à l’intérieur d’un bâtiment.
Dans le cas d’une utilisation en extérieur aucune fréquence dans le bandes des 5 GHz
n’est permise, tandis que la puissance est limitée dans certaines parties de la bande
des 2.4 GHz. Reportez-vous à la suivre table ou visitez www.art-telecom.fr pour de
plus amples détails.
The following table shows the applicable power levels for 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz
in France (Puissances utilisables dans les bandes 2.4 GHz et 5 GHz en France).
Frequency Range
(MHz)
Power (EIRP)
Indoor
(Intérieur)
2400–2483.5
5150–5350
5470–5725
100 mW (20 dBm)
200 mW (23 dBm)
Not allowed (Interdit)
Outdoor
(Extérieur)
2400–2454
2454–2483.5
5150–5350
5470–5725
100 mW (20 dBm)
10 mW (10 dBm)
Not allowed (Interdit)
Not allowed (Interdit)
Location
Greece
A license from EETT is required for the outdoor operation in the 5470 MHz to
5725 MHz band. Xirrus recommends checking www.eett.gr for more details.
Ç äç éïõñãȕȐéêô ùíåîùôåñéêï ñïõóôç æ íçóõ íïô ôùí 5470–5725 ÌÇz å éôñ åôȐéùíï
åôÜȐ üÜäåéȐ ôçò ÅÅÔÔ, ïõ ïñçãåȕôȐé óôåñȐ Ȑ ü ó öùíç ãí ç ôïõ ÃÅÅÈÁ.
åñéóóüôåñåò ëå ôïì ñåéåùóôï www.eett.gr
Italy
This product meets the National Radio Interface and the requirements
specified in the National Frequency Allocation Table for Italy. Unless this
wireless LAN product is operating within the boundaries of the owner’s
property, its use requires a “general authorization.” please check with
www.communicazioni.it/it/ for more details.
Questo prodotto é conforme alla specifiche di Interfaccia Radio Nazionali e rispetta il
Piano Nazionale di ripartizione delle frequenze in Italia. Se non viene installato
all’interno del proprio fondo, l’utilizzo di prodotti wireless LAN richiede una
“autorizzazione Generale.” Consultare www.communicazioni.it/it/ per maggiori
dettagli.
Noway, Switzerland and Liechtenstein
Although Norway, Switzerland and Liechtenstein are not EU member states,
the EU Directive 1999/5/EC has also been implemented in those countries.
Calculating the Maximum Output Power
The regulatory limits for maximum output power are specified in EIRP (radiated
power). The EIRP level of a device can be calculated by adding the gain of the
antenna used (specified in dBi) to the output power available at the connector
(specified in dBm).
Antennas
The Xirrus Wireless LAN Array family of products employs integrated antennas
that cannot be removed and which are not user accessible. Nevertheless, as
regulatory limits are not the same throughout the EU, users may need to adjust
the conducted power setting for the radio to meet the EIRP limits applicable in
their country or region. Adjustments can be made from the product’s
management interface—either Web Management Interface (WMI) or Command
Line Interface (CLI).
Operating Frequency
The operating frequency in a wireless LAN is determined by the access point. As
such, it is important that the access point is correctly configured to meet the local
regulations. See National Restrictions in this section for more information.
If you still have questions regarding the compliance of Xirrus products or you
cannot find the information you are looking for, please contact us at:
Xirrus, Inc.
370 North Westlake Blvd, Suite 200
Westlake Village, CA 91362
USA
Tel: 1.805.497.0955
Fax: 1.805.449.1180
www.xirrus.com
Safety Warnings
Safety Warnings
Explosive Device Proximity Warning
Lightning Activity Warning
Circuit Breaker Warning
Read all user documentation before powering this device. All Xirrus
interconnected equipment should be contained indoors. This product is
not suitable for outdoor operation. Please verify the integrity of the
system ground prior to installing Xirrus equipment. Additionally,
verify that the ambient operating temperature does not exceed 50°C.
Do not operate the XS-3900/XS-3700/XS-3500 unit near unshielded
blasting caps or in an explosive environment unless the device has been
modified to be especially qualified for such use.
Do not work on the XS-3900/XS-3700/XS-3500 or connect or disconnect
cables during periods of lightning activity.
The XS-3900/XS-3700/XS-3500 relies on the building’s installation for
over current protection. Ensure that a fuse or circuit breaker no larger
than 120 VAC, 15A (U.S.) or 240 VAC, 10A (International) is used on all
current-carrying conductors.
Translated safety warnings appear on the following page.
Translated Safety Warnings
Avertissements de Sécurité
Sécurité
Proximité d'appareils explosifs
Foudre
Disjoncteur
Lisez l'ensemble de la documentation utilisateur avant de mettre cet
appareil sous tension. Tous les équipements Xirrus interconnectés
doivent être installés en intérieur. Ce produit n'est pas conçu pour être
utilisé en extérieur. Veuillez vérifier l'intégrité de la terre du système
avant d'installer des équipements Xirrus. Vérifiez également que la
température de fonctionnement ambiante n'excède pas 50°C.
N'utilisez pas l'unité XS-3900/XS-3700/XS-3500 à proximité d'amorces
non blindées ou dans un environnement explosif, à moins que
l'appareil n'ait été spécifiquement modifié pour un tel usage.
N'utilisez pas l'unité XS-3900/XS-3700/XS-3500 et ne branchez pas ou
ne débranchez pas de câbles en cas de foudre.
L'unité XS-3900/XS-3700/XS-3500 dépend de l'installation du bâtiment
pour ce qui est de la protection contre les surintensités. Assurez-vous
qu'un fusible ou qu'un disjoncteur de 120 Vca, 15 A (États-Unis) ou de
240 Vca, 10 A (International) maximum est utilisé sur tous les
conducteurs de courant.
Software Warranty and License Agreement
THIS SOFTWARE LICENSE AGREEMENT (THE “AGREEMENT”) IS A LEGAL
AGREEMENT BETWEEN YOU (“CUSTOMER”) AND LICENSOR (AS DEFINED
BELOW) AND GOVERNS THE USE OF THE SOFTWARE INSTALLED ON THE
PRODUCT (AS DEFINED BELOW). IF YOU ARE AN EMPLOYEE OR AGENT
OF CUSTOMER, YOU HEREBY REPRESENT AND WARRANT TO LICENSOR
THAT YOU HAVE THE POWER AND AUTHORITY TO ACCEPT AND TO
BIND CUSTOMER TO THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THIS AGREEMENT
(INCLUDING ANY THIRD PARTY TERMS SET FORTH HEREIN). IF YOU DO
NOT AGREE TO ALL OF THE TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT RETURN THE
PRODUCT AND ALL ACCOMPANYING MATERIALS (INCLUDING ALL
DOCUMENTATION) TO THE RELEVANT VENDOR FOR A FULL REFUND OF
THE PURCHASE PRICE THEREFOR.
CUSTOMER UNDERSTANDS AND AGREES THAT USE OF THE SOFTWARE
SHALL BE DEEMED AN AGREEMENT TO THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS
GOVERNING SUCH SOFTWARE AND THAT CUSTOMER IS BOUND BY AND
BECOMES A PARTY TO THIS AGREEMENT.
1.
Definitions
1.1 “Documentation” means the user manuals and all other all
documentation, instructions or other similar materials accompanying the
Software covering the installation, application, and use thereof.
1.2 “Licensor” means XIRRUS and its suppliers.
1.3 “Product” means a multi-radio access point containing four or more
distinct radios capable of simultaneous operation on four or more nonoverlapping channels.
1.4 “Software” means, collectively, each of the application and embedded
software programs delivered to Customer in connection with this
Agreement. For purposes of this Agreement, the term Software shall be
deemed to include any and all Documentation and Updates provided
with or for the Software.
1.5 “Updates” means any bug-fix, maintenance or version release to the
Software that may be provided to Customer from Licensor pursuant to
this Agreement or pursuant to any separate maintenance and support
agreement entered into by and between Licensor and Customer.
2.
Grant of Rights
2.1 Software. Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, Licensor
hereby grants to Customer a perpetual, non-exclusive, nonsublicenseable, non-transferable right and license to use the Software
solely as installed on the Product in accordance with the accompanying
Documentation and for no other purpose.
2.2 Ownership. The license granted under Sections 2.1 above with respect to
the Software does not constitute a transfer or sale of Licensor's or its
suppliers' ownership interest in or to the Software, which is solely
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trade secrets, copyrights, patents and other proprietary rights therein or
thereto or (ii) any Marks (as defined in Section 2.3 below) used in
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2.3 Copies. Customer shall not make any copies of the Software but shall be
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protection or other use limiting device, including any device intended to
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3.
Limited Warranty and Limitation of Liability
3.1 Limited Warranty & Exclusions. Licensor warrants that the Software will
perform in substantial accordance with the specifications therefor set
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correct the relevant Software giving rise to such breach of performance or
replace such Software free of charge. THE FOREGOING ARE
CUSTOMER'S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES FOR BREACH OF
THE FOREGOING WARRANTY. THE WARRANTY SET FORTH
ABOVE IS MADE TO AND FOR THE BENEFIT OF CUSTOMER ONLY.
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3.2 DISCLAIMER. EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY STATED IN THIS SECTION 3,
ALL ADDITIONAL CONDITIONS, REPRESENTATIONS, AND
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SUBJECT TO THE LIMITATIONS OF LIABILITY SET FORTH IN THIS
AGREEMENT.
3.3 HAZARDOUS APPLICATIONS. THE SOFTWARE IS NOT DESIGNED
OR INTENDED FOR USE IN HAZARDOUS ENVIRONMENTS
REQUIRING FAIL SAFE PERFORMANCE, SUCH AS IN THE
OPERATION OF A NUCLEAR FACILITY, AIRCRAFT NAVIGATION OR
COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS, AIR TRAFFIC CONTROLS OR OTHER
DEVICES OR SYSTEMS IN WHICH A MALFUNCTION OF THE
SOFTWARE WOULD RESULT IN FORSEEABLE RISK OF INJURY OR
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(US$100), WHICHEVER IS GREATER. THE LIABILITY OF
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Information (including deleting any and all copies contained on any of
Customer's Designated Hardware or the Product) within fifteen (15) days
of the date of termination of this Agreement or (ii) if requested by
Licensor, return, any Confidential Information to Licensor within thirty
(30) days of Licensor's written request.
5.
Term and Termination
5.1 Term. Subject to Section 5.2 below, this Agreement will take effect on the
Effective Date and will remain in force until terminated in accordance
with this Agreement.
5.2 Termination Events. This Agreement may be terminated immediately
upon written notice by either party under any of the following
conditions:
(a) If the other party has failed to cure a breach of any material term or
condition under the Agreement within thirty (30) days after receipt of
notice from the other party; or
(b) Either party ceases to carry on business as a going concern, either
party becomes the object of the institution of voluntary or
involuntary proceedings in bankruptcy or liquidation, which
proceeding is not dismissed within ninety (90) days, or a receiver is
appointed with respect to a substantial part of its assets.
5.3 Effect of Termination.
(a) Upon termination of this Agreement, in whole or in part, Customer
shall pay Licensor for all amounts owed up to the effective date of
termination. Termination of this Agreement shall not constitute a
waiver for any amounts due.
(b) The following Sections shall survive the termination of this
Agreement for any reason: Sections 1, 2.2, 2.4, 3, 4, 5.3, and 6.
(c) No later than thirty (30) days after the date of termination of this
Agreement by Licensor, Customer shall upon Licensor's instructions
either return the Software and all copies thereof; all Documentation
relating thereto in its possession that is in tangible form or destroy the
same (including any copies thereof contained on Customer's
Designated Hardware). Customer shall furnish Licensor with a
certificate signed by an executive officer of Customer verifying that
the same has been done.
6.
Miscellaneous
If Customer is a corporation, partnership or similar entity, then the license to
the Software and Documentation that is granted under this Agreement is
expressly conditioned upon and Customer represents and warrants to
Licensor that the person accepting the terms of this Agreement is authorized
to bind such entity to the terms and conditions herein. If any provision of this
Agreement is held to be invalid or unenforceable, it will be enforced to the
extent permissible and the remainder of this Agreement will remain in full
force and effect. During the course of use of the Software, Licensor may
collect information on your use thereof; you hereby authorize Licensor to use
such information to improve its products and services, and to disclose the
same to third parties provided it does not contain any personally identifiable
information. The express waiver by either party of any provision, condition
or requirement of this Agreement does not constitute a waiver of any future
obligation to comply with such provision, condition or requirement.
Customer and Licensor are independent parties. Customer may not export or
re-export the Software or Documentation (or other materials) without
appropriate United States, European Union and foreign government licenses
or in violation of the United State's Export Administration Act or foreign
equivalents and Customer shall comply with all national and international
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applied to agreements entered into and to be performed entirely within
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parties expressly exclude the application of the United Nations Convention
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Information Transactions Act (as promulgated by any State) to this
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party irrevocably commits to the exclusive jurisdiction of, the state and
federal courts located in Ventura County, California. Customer may not
assign this Agreement by operation of law or otherwise, without the prior
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foregoing shall be null and void. This Agreement cancels and supersedes all
prior agreements between the parties. This Agreement may not be varied
except through a document agreed to and signed by both parties. Any printed
terms and conditions contained in any Customer purchase order or in any
Licensor acknowledgment, invoice or other documentation relating to the
Software shall be deemed deleted and of no force or effect and any additional
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administrative purposes only, i.e. to identify the types and quantities of
Software to be supplied, line item prices and total price, delivery schedule,
and other similar ordering data, all in accordance with the provisions of this
Agreement.
Hardware Warranty Agreement
PLEASE READ THIS AGREEMENT CAREFULLY BEFORE USING THIS
PRODUCT
BY USING THIS PRODUCT, YOU ACKNOWLDEGE THAT YOU HAVE READ
AND UNDERSTOOD ALL THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THIS
AGREEMENT AND THAT YOU ARE CONSENTING TO BE BOUND BY THIS
AGREEMENT. IF YOU DO NOT AGREE TO ALL OF THE TERMS OF THIS
AGREEMENT, RETURN THE UNUSED PRODUCT TO THE PLACE OF
PURCHASE FOR A FULL REFUND.
LIMITED WARRANTY. Xirrus warrants that for a period of one year from the
date of purchase by the original purchaser (“Customer”): (i) the Xirrus Equipment
(“Equipment”) will be free of defects in materials and workmanship under
normal use; and (ii) the Equipment substantially conforms to its published
specifications. Except for the foregoing, the Equipment is provided AS IS. This
limited warranty extends only to Customer as the original purchaser. Customer's
exclusive remedy and the entire liability of Xirrus and its suppliers under this
limited warranty will be, at Xirrus' option, repair, replacement, or refund of the
Equipment if reported (or, upon request, returned) to the party supplying the
Equipment to Customer. In no event does Xirrus warrant that the Equipment is
error free or that Customer will be able to operate the Equipment without
problems or interruptions.
This warranty does not apply if the Equipment (a) has been altered, except by
Xirrus, (b) has not been installed, operated, repaired, or maintained in accordance
with instructions supplied by Xirrus, (c) has been subjected to abnormal physical
or electrical stress, misuse, negligence, or accident, or (d) is used in ultrahazardous activities.
DISCLAIMER. EXCEPT AS SPECIFIED IN THIS WARRANTY, ALL EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED
CONDITIONS,
REPRESENTATIONS,
AND
WARRANTIES
INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF
MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS
FOR
PARTICULAR
PURPOSE,
NONINFRINGEMENT OR ARISING FROM A COURSE OF DEALING, USAGE,
OR TRADE PRACTICE, ARE HEREBY EXCLUDED TO THE EXTENT
ALLOWED BY APPLICABLE LAW.
IN NO EVENT WILL XIRRUS OR ITS SUPPLIERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY LOST
REVENUE, PROFIT, OR DATA, OR FOR SPECIAL, INDIRECT,
CONSEQUENTIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES HOWEVER
CAUSED AND REGARDLESS OF THE THEORY OF LIABILITY ARISING OUT
OF THE USE OF OR INABILITY TO USE THE EQUIPMENT EVEN IF XIRRUS
OR ITS SUPPLIERS HAVE BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
DAMAGES. In no event shall Xirrus' or its suppliers' liability to Customer,
whether in contract, tort (including negligence), or otherwise, exceed the price
paid by Customer.
The foregoing limitations shall apply even if the above-stated warranty fails of its
essential purpose. SOME STATES DO NOT ALLOW LIMITATION OR
EXCLUSION OF LIABILITY FOR CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL
DAMAGES.
The above warranty DOES NOT apply to any evaluation Equipment made
available for testing or demonstration purposes. All such Equipment is provided
AS IS without any warranty whatsoever.
Customer agrees the Equipment and related documentation shall not be used in
life support systems, human implantation, nuclear facilities or systems or any
other application where failure could lead to a loss of life or catastrophic property
damage, or cause or permit any third party to do any of the foregoing.
All information or feedback provided by Customer to Xirrus with respect to the
Product shall be Xirrus' property and deemed confidential information of Xirrus.
Equipment including technical data, is subject to U.S. export control laws,
including the U.S. Export Administration Act and its associated regulations, and
may be subject to export or import regulations in other countries. Customer
agrees to comply strictly with all such regulations and acknowledges that it has
the responsibility to obtain licenses to export, re-export, or import Equipment.
This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws
of the State of California, United States of America, as if performed wholly within
the state and without giving effect to the principles of conflict of law. If any
portion hereof is found to be void or unenforceable, the remaining provisions of
this Warranty shall remain in full force and effect. This Warranty constitutes the
entire agreement between the parties with respect to the use of the Equipment.
Manufacturer is Xirrus, Inc. 370 North Westlake Blvd #200 Westlake Village, CA
91362.
Wireless LAN Array
Table of Contents
All topics listed in this Table of Contents are clickable, which means you can
instantly jump to any selected topic with a click of your mouse button. Items that
do not appear in the TOC list—they are part of the Front Matter, prior to this Table
of Contents—include the following:
Trademarks
Notices
EU Directive 1999/5/EC Compliance Information
Safety Warnings
Translated Safety Warnings
Software Warranty and License Agreement
Hardware Warranty Agreement
List of Figures...................................................................................... ix
Introduction ......................................................................................... 1
The Xirrus Family of Products ............................................................................... 1
Nomenclature .................................................................................................... 2
About this User’s Guide .......................................................................................... 2
Organization ...................................................................................................... 2
Notes and Cautions .......................................................................................... 4
Screen Images .................................................................................................... 4
Your User’s Guide as a PDF Document ........................................................ 4
Hyperlinks ......................................................................................................... 4
Why Choose the Xirrus Wireless LAN Array? .................................................... 5
Product Overview .................................................................................................... 6
Enterprise Class Security ................................................................................. 6
Deployment Flexibility .................................................................................... 7
Remote DC Power System (Optional) .................................................... 8
Enterprise Class Management ........................................................................ 9
Key Features and Benefits ..................................................................................... 10
High Capacity and High Performance ........................................................ 10
Extended Coverage ......................................................................................... 11
Non-Overlapping Channels .......................................................................... 12
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Wireless LAN Array
Secure Wireless Access .................................................................................. 12
Applications Enablement .............................................................................. 12
SDMA Optimization ...................................................................................... 12
Easy Deployment ............................................................................................ 12
Product Specifications (XS-3900 and XS-3700) .................................................. 13
Product Specifications (XS-3500) ......................................................................... 17
Installing the Xirrus Array................................................................ 21
Installation Prerequisites ...................................................................................... 21
Optional Network Components ................................................................... 23
Client Requirements ....................................................................................... 23
Planning Your Installation .................................................................................... 24
General Deployment Considerations .......................................................... 24
Coverage and Capacity Planning ................................................................. 25
Placement .................................................................................................. 25
RF Patterns ................................................................................................ 26
Calculating Areas .................................................................................... 27
Capacity and Cell Sizes ........................................................................... 28
Sample 802.11a Cells ............................................................................... 29
Fine Tuning Cell Sizes ............................................................................. 30
Roaming Considerations ........................................................................ 30
Allocating Channels ................................................................................ 31
Deployment Examples ............................................................................ 32
Failover Planning ............................................................................................ 33
Port Failover Protection .......................................................................... 33
Switch Failover Protection ..................................................................... 34
Power Planning ............................................................................................... 35
AC Power .................................................................................................. 35
Remote Distributed DC Power .............................................................. 35
Security Planning ............................................................................................ 35
Wireless Encryption ................................................................................ 35
Authentication ......................................................................................... 36
Network Management Planning .................................................................. 37
Deployment Summary ................................................................................... 38
Installation Workflow ........................................................................................... 39
Unpacking the Xirrus Array ................................................................................. 40
Installing Your Xirrus Wireless LAN Array ...................................................... 41
ii
Table of Contents
Wireless LAN Array
Choosing a Location ....................................................................................... 41
Wiring Considerations ............................................................................ 42
Mounting the Unit .......................................................................................... 43
Attaching the T-Bar Clips ....................................................................... 44
Installing the Mounting Plate ................................................................ 45
Connecting the Cables ............................................................................ 46
Attaching the Array to the Mounting Plate (XS-3900) ....................... 47
Attaching the Array to the Mounting Plate (XS-3500) ....................... 48
Securing the Array ................................................................................... 49
Dismounting the Array ........................................................................... 50
Powering Up the Xirrus Wireless LAN Array ................................................... 51
Establishing Communication with the Array .................................................... 53
Using the Serial Port ....................................................................................... 53
Using the Ethernet Ports ................................................................................ 53
Logging In ........................................................................................................ 53
Performing the Express Setup Procedure ........................................................... 54
Kit Contents ..................................................................................................... 60
Tools Required ................................................................................................ 60
Mark the Wall Position .................................................................................. 61
Install the SNAPTOGGLE™ Toggle Bolts .................................................. 62
Attach the Mounting Plate to the Wall Mounting Bracket ....................... 63
Attach the Wall Mounting Bracket/Plate Assembly to the Wall ............ 63
Mount the Array ............................................................................................. 64
The Web Management Interface ................................................... 65
An Overview .......................................................................................................... 65
Content ............................................................................................................. 66
Structure ........................................................................................................... 67
Status Bar .................................................................................................. 68
Applying Configuration Changes ................................................................ 68
Character Restrictions .................................................................................... 68
Configuring the Xirrus Array............................................................ 69
Logging In ............................................................................................................... 69
Making Configuration Changes to the Array .................................................... 70
Array Status ..................................................................................................... 70
Express Setup .................................................................................................. 73
Table of Contents
iii
Wireless LAN Array
Network Interfaces ......................................................................................... 79
Network Settings ..................................................................................... 80
Network Statistics .................................................................................... 84
DHCP Settings ......................................................................................... 85
DNS Settings ............................................................................................. 87
IAP Interfaces .................................................................................................. 89
IAP Settings .............................................................................................. 90
Global Settings ......................................................................................... 93
Global Settings .11a ................................................................................. 96
Global Settings .11bg ............................................................................... 99
IAP LED Settings ................................................................................... 103
Statistics ................................................................................................... 104
Statistics (for specific radios) ................................................................ 105
Statistics (for all radios) ........................................................................ 106
SSID ................................................................................................................. 107
Understanding SSIDs ............................................................................ 108
SSID Management ................................................................................. 109
Security ........................................................................................................... 112
Security Management ........................................................................... 113
Radius Server ......................................................................................... 118
Radius User ............................................................................................ 120
MAC Access List .................................................................................... 122
Admin Management ............................................................................. 124
Management Control ............................................................................ 126
Rogue AP List ......................................................................................... 127
Rogue Control List ................................................................................ 128
Stations ........................................................................................................... 130
RSSI ................................................................................................................. 131
Services ........................................................................................................... 132
Time Settings .......................................................................................... 133
System Log ............................................................................................. 135
SNMP ...................................................................................................... 137
Array Info ....................................................................................................... 139
Tools ................................................................................................................ 140
Show Config .................................................................................................. 142
Event Log ....................................................................................................... 143
iv
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Wireless LAN Array
The Command Line Interface ...................................................... 145
Establishing a Secure Shell (SSH) Connection ................................................. 145
Basic Commands .................................................................................................. 146
Help ................................................................................................................ 146
Tab Key ........................................................................................................... 146
? Key ............................................................................................................... 146
Save ................................................................................................................. 146
Show ............................................................................................................... 146
End .................................................................................................................. 146
Exit .................................................................................................................. 146
Quit ................................................................................................................. 146
No .................................................................................................................... 146
Command Modes ................................................................................................. 147
Configure Mode ............................................................................................ 147
Admin Mode .......................................................................................... 147
Contact Info Mode ................................................................................. 147
Date & Time Mode ................................................................................ 148
DHCP Mode ........................................................................................... 148
DNS Mode .............................................................................................. 148
Radius Mode .......................................................................................... 148
Run Test Mode ....................................................................................... 149
Security Mode ........................................................................................ 149
SNMP Mode ........................................................................................... 149
SSID Mode .............................................................................................. 149
Syslog Mode ........................................................................................... 150
Selecting Interfaces .............................................................................................. 150
Commands ............................................................................................................ 151
administrator ................................................................................................. 152
acl .................................................................................................................... 154
console ............................................................................................................ 155
contact-info .................................................................................................... 157
copy ................................................................................................................. 158
date-time ........................................................................................................ 159
dhcp-server .................................................................................................... 160
dir .................................................................................................................... 162
dns ................................................................................................................... 163
erase ................................................................................................................ 164
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Wireless LAN Array
eth0 .................................................................................................................. 165
ftp .................................................................................................................... 167
gig1 .................................................................................................................. 168
gig2 .................................................................................................................. 170
hostname ........................................................................................................ 172
iap .................................................................................................................... 173
iap global_settings ........................................................................................ 175
iap global_a_settings .................................................................................... 178
iap global_bg_settings .................................................................................. 180
location ........................................................................................................... 182
more ................................................................................................................ 183
radius-server .................................................................................................. 183
reboot .............................................................................................................. 185
reset ................................................................................................................. 186
run-script ........................................................................................................ 186
run-tests .......................................................................................................... 187
save ................................................................................................................. 189
security ........................................................................................................... 189
show ................................................................................................................ 192
snmp ............................................................................................................... 194
ssh .................................................................................................................... 195
syslog .............................................................................................................. 196
telnet ............................................................................................................... 197
Appendices..................................................................................... 199
Appendix A: Servicing the Xirrus Array ............................................................201
Removing the Access Panel ................................................................................ 202
Reinstalling the Access Panel ............................................................................. 204
Replacing the FLASH Memory Module ........................................................... 205
Replacing the Main System Memory ................................................................ 206
Replacing the Integrated Access Point Radio Module ................................... 207
Replacing the Power Supply Module ............................................................... 209
Appendix B: Quick Reference Guide ................................................................211
Review of WMI Pages ......................................................................................... 211
Factory Default Settings ...................................................................................... 215
Network Interfaces ....................................................................................... 215
vi
Table of Contents
Wireless LAN Array
Serial ........................................................................................................ 215
Gigabit 1 and Gigabit 2 ......................................................................... 215
Fast Ethernet ........................................................................................... 216
Integrated Access Points (IAPs) .................................................................. 216
Server Settings ............................................................................................... 217
DHCP ...................................................................................................... 217
External RADIUS ................................................................................... 217
Internal RADIUS .................................................................................... 218
NTP .......................................................................................................... 218
Syslog ...................................................................................................... 218
SNMP .............................................................................................................. 218
Default SSID .................................................................................................. 219
Encryption ...................................................................................................... 219
Administrator Account and Password ...................................................... 220
Management .................................................................................................. 220
Keyboard Shortcuts ............................................................................................. 220
Appendix C: Technical Support .........................................................................221
General Hints and Tips ....................................................................................... 221
Frequently Asked Questions .............................................................................. 222
Multiple SSIDs ............................................................................................... 222
Security ........................................................................................................... 224
VLAN Support .............................................................................................. 227
Contact Information ............................................................................................ 228
Glossary of Terms.......................................................................... 229
Index................................................................................................ 241
Table of Contents
vii
Wireless LAN Array
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viii
Table of Contents
Wireless LAN Array
List of Figures
Figure 1.
Figure 2.
Figure 3.
Figure 4.
Figure 5.
Figure 6.
Figure 7.
Figure 8.
Figure 9.
Figure 10.
Figure 11.
Figure 12.
Figure 13.
Figure 14.
Figure 15.
Figure 16.
Figure 17.
Figure 18.
Figure 19.
Figure 20.
Figure 21.
Figure 22.
Figure 23.
Figure 24.
Figure 25.
Figure 26.
Figure 27.
Figure 28.
Figure 29.
Figure 30.
Figure 31.
Figure 32.
Figure 33.
Figure 34.
Adobe Acrobat (Version 6 and above) .................................................... 4
Wireless LAN Array (XS-3900)................................................................. 6
Wireless Coverage Patterns ...................................................................... 7
Remote DC Power Distribution................................................................ 8
WMI: Array Status Page ............................................................................ 9
Layout of IAPs (XS-3900)......................................................................... 10
Antenna Patterns ...................................................................................... 11
Wall Thickness Considerations .............................................................. 24
Unit Placement.......................................................................................... 25
Full (Normal) Coverage........................................................................... 26
Adjusting RF Patterns .............................................................................. 26
Custom Coverage ..................................................................................... 27
Calculating the Area of a Circle.............................................................. 27
Sample 802.11a Cells ................................................................................ 29
Transmit Power......................................................................................... 30
Overlapping Cells..................................................................................... 30
Allocating Channels Manually ............................................................... 31
Deployment Scenario (54 Mbps)—Per Sector ...................................... 32
Deployment Scenario (36 Mbps)—Per Sector ...................................... 32
Deployment Scenario (18 Mbps)—Per Sector ...................................... 33
Port Failover Protection ........................................................................... 33
Switch Failover Protection ...................................................................... 34
Installation Workflow .............................................................................. 39
Array Placement ....................................................................................... 41
Attaching the T-Bar Clips ........................................................................ 44
Installing the Mounting Plate (XS-3900 shown)................................... 45
Connecting the Cables ............................................................................. 46
Attaching the Unit (XS-3900) .................................................................. 47
Attaching the Unit (XS-3500) .................................................................. 48
Securing the Array.................................................................................... 49
IAP Positions (XS-3900) ........................................................................... 50
LED Locations (XS-3900) ......................................................................... 51
WMI: IAP LED Settings Page ................................................................. 52
Network Interface Ports........................................................................... 53
List of Figures
ix
Wireless LAN Array
Figure 35.
Figure 36.
Figure 37.
Figure 38.
Figure 39.
Figure 40.
Figure 41.
Figure 42.
Figure 43.
Figure 44.
Figure 45.
Figure 46.
Figure 47.
Figure 48.
Figure 49.
Figure 50.
Figure 51.
Figure 52.
Figure 53.
Figure 54.
Figure 55.
Figure 56.
Figure 57.
Figure 58.
Figure 59.
Figure 60.
Figure 61.
Figure 62.
Figure 63.
Figure 64.
Figure 65.
Figure 66.
Figure 67.
Figure 68.
Figure 69.
Figure 70.
Figure 71.
WMI: Express Setup Page (Part 1) ......................................................... 54
WMI: Express Setup Page (Part 2) ......................................................... 55
WMI: Time Zones ..................................................................................... 58
Enabling the NTP Feature ....................................................................... 59
Wall Mount—Marking the Holes........................................................... 61
Installing the Toggle Bolts....................................................................... 62
Attaching the Wall Mounting Plate ....................................................... 63
Mounting the Array on a Wall ............................................................... 64
Web Management Interface .................................................................... 65
WMI: Frames ............................................................................................. 67
WMI: Status Bar ........................................................................................ 68
WMI: Logging In to the Wireless LAN Array ...................................... 69
WMI: Array Status Page .......................................................................... 70
Linked Items.............................................................................................. 71
WMI: Disabled Device (Partial View).................................................... 71
IAP Cells .................................................................................................... 72
WMI: Express Setup Page (Part 1) ......................................................... 73
WMI: Express Setup Page (Part 2) ......................................................... 74
WMI: Time Zones ..................................................................................... 77
Enabling the NTP Feature ....................................................................... 78
WMI: Network Interfaces Page .............................................................. 79
WMI: Network Settings Page (Part 1).................................................... 80
WMI: Network Settings Page (Part 2).................................................... 81
Network Interface Ports........................................................................... 81
WMI: Network Statistics Page ................................................................ 84
WMI: DHCP Settings Page...................................................................... 85
WMI: DNS Settings Page......................................................................... 87
WMI: IAP Interfaces Page ....................................................................... 89
WMI: IAP Settings Page .......................................................................... 90
Entering a Description ............................................................................. 92
WMI: Global Settings Page...................................................................... 93
WMI: Global Settings .11a Page.............................................................. 96
Specifying 802.11a Data Rates ................................................................ 97
WMI: Global Settings .11bg Page ........................................................... 99
Specifying 802.11g Data Rates .............................................................. 100
Specifying 802.11b Data Rates .............................................................. 100
WMI: IAP LED Settings Page ............................................................... 103
List of Figures
Wireless LAN Array
Figure 72.
Figure 73.
Figure 74.
Figure 75.
Figure 76.
Figure 77.
Figure 78.
Figure 79.
Figure 80.
Figure 81.
Figure 82.
Figure 83.
Figure 84.
Figure 85.
Figure 86.
Figure 87.
Figure 88.
Figure 89.
Figure 90.
Figure 91.
Figure 92.
Figure 93.
Figure 94.
Figure 95.
Figure 96.
Figure 97.
Figure 98.
Figure 99.
Figure 100.
Figure 101.
Figure 102.
Figure 103.
Figure 104.
Figure 105.
Figure 106.
Figure 107.
Figure 108.
WMI: Statistics Page............................................................................... 104
WMI: Statistics for IAP a4 Page (XS-3700) .......................................... 105
WMI: Statistics for All IAPs Page (XS-3700) ....................................... 106
WMI: SSID Page...................................................................................... 107
WMI: SSID Management Page ............................................................. 109
WMI: Security Page ................................................................................ 112
WMI: Security Management Page........................................................ 113
WMI: Radius Server Page...................................................................... 118
WMI: Radius User Page......................................................................... 120
WMI: MAC Access List Page ................................................................ 122
WMI: Admin Management Page ......................................................... 124
Management Control ............................................................................. 126
WMI: Rogue AP List Page..................................................................... 127
WMI: Rogue Control List Page............................................................. 128
WMI: Stations Page ................................................................................ 130
RSSI Page ................................................................................................. 131
WMI: Services Page ................................................................................ 132
WMI: Time Settings Page ...................................................................... 133
WMI: System Log Page.......................................................................... 135
WMI: SNMP Page................................................................................... 137
WMI: Array Info Page............................................................................ 139
WMI: Tools Page..................................................................................... 140
WMI: Show Config Page ....................................................................... 142
WMI: Event Log Page ............................................................................ 143
Command Line Interface....................................................................... 145
CLI: Adding a New Administrator Account...................................... 153
CLI: Default Serial Port Settings........................................................... 155
CLI: Setting the IP Address for the Serial Port................................... 156
CLI: Adding a New Administrator Account...................................... 157
CLI: Disabling Daylight Savings .......................................................... 160
CLI: Setting the IP Address for the Fast Ethernet Interface ............. 166
CLI: Setting the IP Address for the Gigabit 1 Interface..................... 169
CLI: Setting the IP Address for the Gigabit 2 Interface..................... 171
CLI: Setting the Host Name of the Array............................................ 172
CLI: Setting the Cell Size of an IAP...................................................... 174
CLI: Enabling All Radio Interfaces ...................................................... 177
CLI: Enabling All 802.11a Radio Interfaces ........................................ 179
List of Figures
xi
Wireless LAN Array
Figure 109.
Figure 110.
Figure 111.
Figure 112.
Figure 113.
Figure 114.
Figure 115.
Figure 116.
Figure 117.
Figure 118.
Figure 119.
Figure 120.
Figure 121.
Figure 122.
Figure 123.
Figure 124.
Figure 125.
xii
CLI: Testing Client Connectivity.......................................................... 188
CLI: Viewing the Routing to a Client .................................................. 188
CLI: Disabling WEP Encryption........................................................... 191
CLI: Displaying the Current Security Settings ................................... 193
Disconnecting Power from the Array.................................................. 201
Removing the Access Panel Screws ..................................................... 202
Removing the Access Panel .................................................................. 203
Disconnecting the Power Supply and Fan.......................................... 203
Reconnecting the Fan and Power Supply ........................................... 204
Reinstalling the Access Panel................................................................ 204
Removing the FLASH Memory Module ............................................. 205
Removing the DIMM Memory Module .............................................. 206
Removing the Chassis Cover Nylon Screws ...................................... 207
Removing the Chassis Cover ................................................................ 207
Lifting the Integrated Access Point Module ....................................... 208
Disconnect the Integrated Access Point Module ............................... 208
Installing a New Access Panel (with Power Supply) ........................ 209
List of Figures
Wireless LAN Array
Introduction
This chapter introduces the Wireless LAN Array, including an overview of its key
features and benefits, and a detailed listing of the product’s physical,
environmental, technology and regulatory specifications. Section headings for
this chapter include:
“The Xirrus Family of Products” on page 1
“About this User’s Guide” on page 2
“Why Choose the Xirrus Wireless LAN Array?” on page 5
“Product Overview” on page 6
“Key Features and Benefits” on page 10
“Product Specifications (XS-3900 and XS-3700)” on page 13
“Product Specifications (XS-3500)” on page 17
The Xirrus Family of Products
The Xirrus family of products includes the following items:
Xirrus Wireless LAN Array (XS-3900 / XS-3700 / XS-3500)
The Wireless WLAN Array is specifically designed for the Enterprise
market. There are three versions of this product, each with a different
wireless capacity—16 IAPs (Integrated Access Points—radios) with the
XS-3900, 8 IAPs with the XS-3700, and 4 IAPs with the XS-3500.
Xirrus Wireless Management System (XM-3300)
The XM-3300 is used for managing large Wireless WLAN Array
deployments from a centralized Web-based interface. If you need detailed
information about this product, refer to the XM-3300 User’s Guide, part
number 800-0007-001.
Xirrus Remote DC Power System (XP-3100)
The XP-3100 provides distributed DC power to multiple Wireless WLAN
Arrays, eliminating the need to run dedicated AC power to each unit and
facilitating backup power when connected via a UPS.
Introduction
Wireless LAN Array
Nomenclature
Throughout this User’s Guide, the Wireless LAN Array is also referred to as the
Xirrus Array, or simply the Array. In some instances, the terms product and unit
are also used. When discussing specific products from the Xirrus family, the
product name is used (for example, XS-3900, XS-3700 or XS-3500).
The Xirrus Wireless Management System (XM-3300) and the Xirrus Remote DC
Power System (XP-3100) are referred to as the XM-3300 and XP-3100, or XM and
XP respectively.
About this User’s Guide
This User’s Guide provides detailed information and procedures that will enable
wireless network administrators to install, configure and manage the Xirrus
Array so that end users can take full advantage of the product’s features and
functionality without technical assistance.
Organization
Topics and procedures are organized by function under the following chapter
headings:
Introduction
Provides a brief introduction to wireless technology, an overview of the
product, including its key features and benefits, and presents the product
specifications.
Installing the Xirrus Array
Defines the prerequisites for deploying and installing the Array and
provides instructions to help you plan and complete a successful
installation.
The Web Management Interface
Offers an overview of the product’s embedded Web Management
Interface, including its content and structure. It also emphasizes what you
need to do to ensure that any configuration changes you make are
applied, and provides a list of restricted characters.
Introduction
Wireless LAN Array
Configuring the Xirrus Array
Contains procedures for configuring the Array using its embedded Web
Management Interface. It also includes instructions for logging in to the
Array with your Web browser, and procedures for upgrading the system
firmware and resetting the Array to its factory defaults.
The Command Line Interface
Provides instructions for configuring the Array using keywords and
commands via its embedded Command Line Interface—with examples
and syntax conventions—and includes a procedure for establishing a
Secure Shell (SSH) connection to the product.
Appendix A: Servicing the Xirrus Array
Contains procedures for servicing the Array, including the removal and
reinstallation of major hardware components.
Appendix B: Quick Reference Guide
Contains product reference information, including a review of the Web
Management Interface pages and their content, an alphabetical listing of
keywords available with the Command Line Interface, the product’s
factory default settings, a sample event log, and some useful keyboard
shortcuts.
Appendix C: Technical Support
Offers guidance to resolve technical issues, including some general hints
and tips to enhance your product experience, and a procedure for
isolating problems within an Array-enabled wireless network. Also
includes Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs), a table of error messages
generated by the product, and Xirrus contact information.
Glossary of Terms
Provides an explanation of terms directly related to Xirrus product
technology, organized alphabetically.
Index
The index is a valuable information search tool. Use the index to locate
specific topics discussed in this User’s Guide. Simply click on any page
number in the index to jump to the referenced topic.
Introduction
Wireless LAN Array
Notes and Cautions
The following symbols are used throughout this User’s Guide:
This symbol is used for general notes that provide useful supplemental
information.
This symbol is used for cautions. Cautions provide critical information that
may adversely affect the performance of the product.
Screen Images
Some screen images of the Web Management Interface have been modified for
clarity. For example, an image may have been cropped to highlight a specific area
of the screen, and/or sample data may be included in some fields.
Your User’s Guide as a PDF Document
This User’s Guide is also made available as a secure PDF (Portable Document
Format) file and can be viewed using the Adobe® Acrobat Reader® product. It
cannot be edited or modified. If you don’t have Acrobat Reader, you can
downloaded it free-of-charge from: http://www.adobe.com.
Hyperlinks
If you click on body text that appears in the color TEAL (with the exception of
headings or notes) the embedded hyperlink within the text will immediately take
you to the referenced destination. All internal and external cross-references,
including page numbers within the List of Figures and the Index, have associated
hyperlinks. After “jumping” to a referenced topic, if you want to return to the
previous page (reference source), simply click on Acrobat’s previous page button.
Previous page button
Figure 1. Adobe Acrobat (Version 6 and above)
Introduction
Wireless LAN Array
Why Choose the Xirrus Wireless LAN Array?
In 2003 there were approximately 30,000 Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs)
operating in the public domain. Research suggests that the number will more
than quadruple by 2006. Enterprise WLANs in the private sector are also
becoming increasingly common as businesses strive for greater flexibility in the
workplace and the need for employee mobility rises. The only requirements for
an effective wireless deployment are a power source, a couple of screws, and an
imagination.
Wireless LAN is also fully compatible with standard Ethernet protocols, so
connectivity with existing wired infrastructures is transparent to users—they can
still access and use the same applications and network services that they use
when plugged into the company’s wired LAN infrastructure (it’s only the plug
that no longer exists).
Wireless LAN has come a long way in the past few years and now offers the
performance, reliability and security that Enterprise customers have come to
expect from their networks. The technology is being driven by three major IEEE
standards:
802.11a
Operates in the 5 GHz range with a maximum speed of 54 Mbps.
802.11b
Operates in the 2.4 GHz range with a maximum speed of 11 Mbps. It has
a range of about 100 meters indoors and 300 meters outdoors.
802.11g
Supports a higher transmission speed of 54 Mbps in the 2.4 GHz range
and is backwards compatible with 802.11b.
Whether you’re a small company with just a handful of employees, or a large
corporation with thousands, wireless has the scalability and flexibility to serve
your needs.
Introduction
Wireless LAN Array
Product Overview
Part of the family of Xirrus products, the Wireless LAN Array is a high capacity,
multi-mode device designed for the Enterprise market, with twice the range and
up to sixteen times the capacity of competitive wireless products.
Figure 2. Wireless LAN Array (XS-3900)
The Xirrus Array (regardless of the product model) is Wi-Fi® compliant and
simultaneously supports 802.11a, 802.11b and 802.11g clients. Enterprise class
features such as VLAN support and multiple SSID capability enable robust
network compatibility and a high level of scalability and system control. The
optional Xirrus Wireless Management System (XM-3300) allows global
management of hundreds of Arrays from a central location.
The XS-3700 and XS-3500 versions of the Wireless LAN Array deliver a
correspondingly lower capacity than the XS-3900.
Enterprise Class Security
The latest and most effective wireless encryption security standards, including
WPA (Wi-Fi Protected Access) with 802.11i AES (Advanced Encryption Standard)
are provided with the Xirrus Array. In addition, the use of an embedded RADIUS
server (or 802.1x with an external RADIUS server) ensures user authentication—
multiple Arrays can authenticate to the optional XM-3300 ensuring only
authorized Xirrus Wireless LAN Arrays become part of the wireless network.
Rogue AP detection and site monitoring is performed in the background by the
Array automatically.
Introduction
Wireless LAN Array
Deployment Flexibility
Xirrus’ unique multi-radio architecture generates 360 degrees of sectored highgain 802.11a/b/g coverage that provides extended range and the highest possible
data rates for a large volume of clients. Each sector can be controlled
automatically or manually, creating a pattern of wireless coverage perfectly
tailored to individual customer needs. For example:
outside wall
Figure 3. Wireless Coverage Patterns
Figure 2 depicts the following two scenarios:
Full pattern coverage
All radios are activated with coverage spanning 360 degrees. If within
range, clients will always receive coverage regardless of their geographic
position relative to the Array.
Partial pattern coverage
If desired, the Xirrus Array can be deployed close to an exterior wall. In
this case, half of all available radios have been deactivated to prevent
redundant signals from “bleeding” beyond the site’s perimeter wall. This
configuration may also be used in those cases where you want to restrict
wireless coverage to selected areas of the building’s interior.
Introduction
Wireless LAN Array
Remote DC Power System (Optional)
The Xirrus Remote DC Power System (XP-3100) provides distributed DC power
to your Array (DC version) deployments, eliminating the need to provide an AC
power outlet in close proximity to the unit(s).
In the following example, DC power is supplied to four Xirrus Arrays while
utilizing only one AC power outlet.
AC Input to XP-3100
XP-3100
DC Output to Xirrus Arrays
Figure 4. Remote DC Power Distribution
Introduction
Wireless LAN Array
Enterprise Class Management
The Xirrus Array can be configured with its default RF settings, or the RF settings
can be customized using the Array’s embedded Web Management Interface
(WMI). The WMI enables easy configuration and control from a graphical
console, along with a full compliment of troubleshooting tools, reports and
statistics.
Figure 5. WMI: Array Status Page
In addition, a fully featured Command Line Interface (CLI) offers IT professionals
a familiar management and control environment. SNMP (Simple Network
Management Protocol) is also supported to allow management from an SNMP
compliant management tool, such as the optional Xirrus Wireless Management
System.
For deployments of more than two Arrays, we recommend that you use the
Xirrus Wireless Management System (XM-3300). The XM-3300 offers a rich
set of features for fine control over large deployments.
Introduction
Wireless LAN Array
Key Features and Benefits
This section describes some of the key product features and the benefits you can
expect when deploying the Xirrus Array (the XS-3900 product is highlighted in
this section).
High Capacity and High Performance
The XS-3900 easily handles time-sensitive traffic, such as voice, and can enable
wireless connectivity for 1,024 users. The unit includes two Gigabit uplink ports
for connection to the wired network. A total of sixteen IAPs provides a maximum
wireless capacity of 864 Mbps, which offers ample reserves for the high demands
of current and future applications. Of the sixteen IAPs, twelve operate in the
802.11a mode and four operate in any combination of 802.11a, 802.11b and
802.11g.
If desired, IAP (radio) abg2 can also be configured in RF monitoring and rogue
AP detection mode.
a12
a11
a1
abg4
abg1
a10
a2
a3
a9
a8
a4
abg3
abg2 (RF monitoring)
a7
a5
a6
Mode(s)
IAP number
Figure 6. Layout of IAPs (XS-3900)
10
Introduction
Wireless LAN Array
Extended Coverage
One XS-3900 solution enables you to replace up to sixteen access points (includes
one omnidirectional IAP for monitoring the network). Fifteen IAP radios with
integrated directional antennas provide increased wireless range and enhanced
data rates in all directions. With a Xirrus Array deployed, far fewer access points
are needed for your wireless network. Radio abg2 (see Figure 6) can be switched
to use an integrated omnidirectional antenna—for listening only—and can be
dedicated to the tasks of site monitoring and rogue AP detection.
Array
Array
802.11a (directional)
802.11a/b/g (directional)
Array
802.11a/b/g (omnidirectional)
Figure 7. Antenna Patterns
Introduction
11
Wireless LAN Array
Non-Overlapping Channels
Complete use of non-overlapping channels limits interference and delivers
maximum capacity. On the XS-3900, all 16 non-overlapping channels are fully
utilized across the 5GHz and 2.4GHz spectrums (up to 12 across the 5GHz
spectrum and up to 3 across the 2.4GHz spectrum—typically, one radio is used as
a dedicated RF monitor).
Secure Wireless Access
Multiple layers of authentication and encryption ensure secure data
transmissions. The Xirrus Array is 802.11i compliant with encryption support for
64 bit and 128 bit WEP, and WPA with TKIP and AES encryption.
Authentication support is provided via 802.1x, including PEAP, EAP-TLS, and
EAP-TTLS.
Applications Enablement
QoS (Quality of Service) functionality combined with true switch capabilities
enable high density Voice over Wireless LAN deployments. Compliant with
802.1p and 802.1q standards.
SDMA Optimization
SDMA (Spatial Division Multiple Access) technology provides full 360° coverage
while allowing independent channel and power output customization. Also
supports fast inter-zone handoffs for time-sensitive applications and roaming
support.
Easy Deployment
The Xirrus Wireless Management System (XM-3300) offers real time monitoring
and management capabilities of the wireless network—ideal for the Enterprise
market. It also allows you to import floor plans to help you plan your
deployment. The Xirrus Wireless LAN Array chassis has a plenum rated, lockable
and tamper resistant case.
12
Introduction
Wireless LAN Array
Product Specifications (XS-3900 and XS-3700)
Element
Specifications
Number of Users
Maximum of 64 associated users per radio
1024 users per Array (XS-3900)
512 users per Array (XS-3700)
Physical
Diameter: 18.65 inches (47.37 cm)
Height: 3.87 inches (9.83 cm)
Weight: 8lbs (3.63 kg)
Environmental
Operating Temperature:
-10°C to 50°C
0% to 90% relative humidity (non-condensing)
Storage Temperature:
-20°C to 60°C
5% to 95% relative humidity (non-condensing)
Maximum Operating Altitude:
2000 meters (6561 feet)
System
825 MHz CPU
128MB RAM, expandable
512MB system flash, expandable
Expansion slot for future options
Electrical
Input Power (AC version): 90VAC to 265VAC
at 47Hz to 63Hz
Input Power (DC version): 48VDC
Interfaces
Serial:
1 x RS232 – RJ45 connector
Ethernet Interfaces:
2 x Gigabit 10/100/1000 Mbps w/failover
1 x Fast Ethernet 10/100 Mbps
Status LEDs:
System status, Ethernet, Radio
Introduction
13
Wireless LAN Array
Element
Specifications
Management
Web-based HTTPS
SNMP v3
CLI via SSHv2 or Telnet
FTP
TFTP
Serial
Proprietary
Xirrus Wireless Management System
Syslog reporting for alerts/alarms
Networking
DHCP client, DHCP server, NTP client
RFC
VLAN Support
802.1Q, P VLAN
Supports up to 16 VLANs
Multiple SSID
Support
Allows up to 16 separate SSIDs to be defined
with map security, VLAN and QoS settings for
each SSID
Performance
Client Load Balancing
Automatic load balancing between system
radios
Quality of Service:
802.1P wired traffic prioritization
Wireless packet prioritization
MAP CoS to TCID
Fair queuing of downstream traffic
14
Introduction
Wireless LAN Array
Element
Security
Specifications
Wireless Security:
WEP 40bit/128bit encryption
WPA with TKIP and AES encryption
Misappropriated APs automatically reset to
factory defaults (requires the Xirrus Wireless
Management System)
Rogue AP detection, with alerts and
classification
User and System Authentication:
WPA Pre-Shared Key authentication
Embedded RADIUS Server
802.1x EAP-TLS
802.1x EAP-TTLS
802.1x PEAP
External RADIUS servers
Authentication of Xirrus Arrays to the Xirrus
Management System (XM-3300)
Introduction
15
Wireless LAN Array
Element
Wireless
Specifications
Number of Radios:
XS-3900: 12 x 802.11a radios
4 x 802.11a/b/g radios
XS-3700: 4 x 802.11a radios
4 x 802.11a/b/g radios
Wireless Standards:
802.11a/b/g and g-only mode
802.11e (draft), 802.11i
Channel Selection:
Manual
Automatic
Frequency Bands:
11a: 5.15-5.25 GHz (UNII 1)
11a: 5.15-5.25 GHz (TELEC)
11a: 5.25-5.35 GHz (UNII 2)
11a: 5.470-5.725 (ETSI)
11a: 5.725-5825 GHz (UNII 3)
11b/g: 2.412-2.462 GHz (FCC)
11b/g: 2.412-2.472 GHz (ETSI)
11b/g: 2.412-2.484 GHz (TELEC)
Antenna:
Internal 6 dBi sectorized antenna
External RP-TNC connector
Radio Approvals:
FCC (United States)
EN 301.893 (Europe)
16
Compliance
UL / cUL 60950 and EN 60950
FCC Part 15.107 and 15109, Class A
EN 301.489 (Europe)
Warranty
One year (hardware), 90 day (software)
Introduction
Wireless LAN Array
Product Specifications (XS-3500)
Element
Specifications
Number of Users
Maximum of 64 associated users per radio (256
users per Array). Recommended number of
typical users per Array is 20.
Physical
Diameter: 12.58 inches (31.95 cm)
Height: 2.58 inches (6.55 cm)
Weight: 4lbs (1.81 kg)
Environmental
Operating Temperature:
-10°C to 50°C
0% to 90% relative humidity (non-condensing)
Storage Temperature:
-20°C to 60°C
5% to 95% relative humidity (non-condensing)
Maximum Operating Altitude:
2000 meters (6561 feet)
System
825 MHz CPU
128MB RAM, expandable
512MB system flash, expandable
Expansion slot for future options
Electrical
Input Power (AC version): 90VAC to 265VAC
at 47Hz to 63Hz
Input Power (DC version): 48VDC
Interfaces
Serial:
1 x RS232 – RJ45 connector
Ethernet Interfaces:
1 x Gigabit 10/100/1000 Mbps w/failover
Status LEDs:
System status, Ethernet, Radio
Introduction
17
Wireless LAN Array
Element
Specifications
Management
Web-based HTTPS
SNMP v3
CLI via SSHv2 or Telnet
FTP
TFTP
Serial
Proprietary
Xirrus Wireless Management System
Syslog reporting for alerts/alarms
Networking
DHCP client, DHCP server, NTP client
RFC
VLAN Support
802.1Q, P VLAN
Supports up to 16 VLANs
Multiple SSID
Support
Allows up to 16 separate SSIDs to be defined
with map security, VLAN and QoS settings for
each SSID
Performance
Client Load Balancing
Automatic load balancing between system
radios
Quality of Service:
802.1P wired traffic prioritization
Wireless packet prioritization
MAP CoS to TCID
Fair queuing of downstream traffic
18
Introduction
Wireless LAN Array
Element
Security
Specifications
Wireless Security:
WEP 40bit/128bit encryption
WPA with TKIP and AES encryption
Misappropriated APs automatically reset to
factory defaults (requires the Xirrus Wireless
Management System)
Rogue AP detection, with alerts and
classification
User and System Authentication:
WPA Pre-Shared Key authentication
Embedded RADIUS Server
802.1x EAP-TLS
802.1x EAP-TTLS
802.1x PEAP
External RADIUS servers
Authentication of Xirrus Arrays to the Xirrus
Management System (XM-3300)
Introduction
19
Wireless LAN Array
Element
Wireless
Specifications
Number of Radios:
4 x 802.11a/b/g radios
Wireless Standards:
802.11a/b/g and g-only mode
802.11e (draft), 802.11i
Channel Selection:
Manual
Automatic
Frequency Bands:
11a: 5.15-5.25 GHz (UNII 1)
11a: 5.15-5.25 GHz (TELEC)
11a: 5.25-5.35 GHz (UNII 2)
11a: 5.470-5.725 (ETSI)
11a: 5.725-5825 GHz (UNII 3)
11b/g: 2.412-2.462 GHz (FCC)
11b/g: 2.412-2.472 GHz (ETSI)
11b/g: 2.412-2.484 GHz (TELEC)
Antenna:
4 internal 3 dBi 180° 802.11b/g sectorized
antennas
1 internal 2 dBi 360° omni-directional antenna
External RP-TNC connector
Radio Approvals:
FCC (United States)
EN 301.893 (Europe)
20
Compliance
UL / cUL 60950 and EN 60950
FCC Part 15.107 and 15109, Class A
EN 301.489 (Europe)
Warranty
One year (hardware), 90 day (software)
Introduction
Wireless LAN Array
Installing the Xirrus Array
This chapter defines the prerequisites for installing the Xirrus Array and provides
instructions to help you complete a successful installation. Section headings for
this chapter include:
“Installation Prerequisites” on page 21
“Planning Your Installation” on page 24
“Installation Workflow” on page 39
“Unpacking the Xirrus Array” on page 40
“Installing Your Xirrus Wireless LAN Array” on page 41
“Powering Up the Xirrus Wireless LAN Array” on page 51
“Establishing Communication with the Array” on page 53
“Performing the Express Setup Procedure” on page 54
Installation Prerequisites
Your Xirrus Array deployment requires the presence of hardware and services in
the host wired/wireless network, including:
Dedicated AC power outlet
Unless you are using the Xirrus Remote DC Power System (XP-3100) with
the DC version of the Xirrus Array, you need a dedicated power outlet to
supply AC power to each unit deployed at the site. If you are using the
optional XP-3100, then DC power is supplied to all units and only one AC
outlet is required for the XP-3100.
Ethernet port (read notes)
You need at least one 10/100/1000 BaseT port to establish wired Gigabit
Ethernet connectivity (via the product’s Gigabit 1 or Gigabit 2 port) and
one 10/100 BaseT port (if desired) for product management.
The Array’s Ethernet ports should be plugged into an Ethernet switch, not
an Ethernet hub—if a hub is used, we recommend that you connect only
one Ethernet port.
Installing the Xirrus Array
21
Wireless LAN Array
The Gigabit1 Ethernet interface is the primary port for both data and
management traffic. If a single Ethernet connection is used, it must be
connected to the Gigabit1 Ethernet interface.
The 10/100 Ethernet Port can be used for managing the Array, and will
only bridge management traffic. See also, “Port Failover Protection” on
page 33.
Secure Shell (SSH) utility
To establish secure remote command line access to the Array, you need a
Secure Shell (SSH) utility, such as PuTTY.
Secure Web browser
Either Internet Explorer (version 6.0 or higher), Netscape Navigator
(version 7.0 or higher), or Mozilla Firefox (version 1.01 or higher) and it
must be available on the same subnet as the Array. A secure Web browser
is required for Web-based management of the Array.
Serial connection capability
To connect directly to the console port on the Array, your computer must
be equipped with a male 9-pin serial port and terminal emulation
software (for example, HyperTerminal).
Use the following settings when establishing a serial connection:
Bits per second
Data bits
Parity
Stop bits
Flow control
22
115,200
None
None
Installing the Xirrus Array
Wireless LAN Array
Optional Network Components
The following network components are optional.
DHCP server
To distribute IP addresses and ancillary information to your Xirrus Array.
Xirrus Wireless Management System (XM-3300)
The optional XM-3300 offers powerful management features for small or
large Xirrus Array deployments.
Xirrus Remote DC Power System (XP-3100)
The optional XP-3100 provides distributed DC power to multiple Arrays,
eliminating the need to run dedicated AC power to each unit and
facilitating backup power when connected via a UPS.
External RADIUS server
Although your Array comes with an embedded RADIUS server, for
802.1x authentication in large deployments you may want to add an
external RADIUS server.
Client Requirements
The Xirrus Array should only be used with Wi-Fi certified client devices.
Installing the Xirrus Array
23
Wireless LAN Array
Planning Your Installation
This section provides guidelines and examples to help you plan your Xirrus
Array deployment to achieve the best overall coverage and performance. We
recommend you conduct a site survey to determine the best location and settings
for each Array you install.
General Deployment Considerations
The Xirrus Array’s unique multi-radio architecture generates 360 degrees of
sectored high-gain 802.11a/b/g coverage that provides extended range. However,
the number, thickness and location of walls, ceilings or other objects that the
wireless signals must pass through may affect the range. Typical ranges vary
depending on the types of materials and background RF (radio frequency) noise
at your location. To maximize wireless range, follow these basic guidelines:
1.
Keep the number of walls and ceilings between the Array and your
receiving devices to a minimum—each wall or ceiling can reduce the
wireless range from between 3 and 90 feet (1 to 30 meters). Position your
devices so that the number of walls or ceilings is minimized.
2.
Be aware of the direct line between each device. For example, a wall that
is 1.5 feet thick (half a meter) at 90° is actually almost 3 feet thick (or 1
meter) when viewed at a 45° angle. At an acute 2° degree angle the same
wall is over 42 feet (or 14 meters) thick! For best reception, try to ensure
that your wireless devices are positioned so that signals will travel
straight through a wall or ceiling.
90°
45°
2°
> 42 feet
< 3 feet
1.5 feet
Figure 8. Wall Thickness Considerations
24
Installing the Xirrus Array
Wireless LAN Array
3.
Building materials can make all the difference. For example, solid metal
doors or aluminum wall studs may adversely effect wireless signals. Try
to position wireless client devices so that the signal passes through
drywall (between studs) or open doorways and not other materials.
Coverage and Capacity Planning
This section considers coverage and capacity for your deployment(s), including
placement options, RF patterns and cell sizes, area calculations, roaming
considerations, and channel allocations.
Placement
Use the following guidelines when considering placement options:
1.
The best placement option for the Array is ceiling-mounted within an
open plan environment (cubicles rather than fixed walls).
2.
Keep the Array away from electrical devices or appliances that generate
RF noise. Because the Array is generally mounted on ceilings, be aware of
its position relative to lighting (especially fluorescent lighting)—we
recommend maintaining a distance of at least 3 to 6 feet (or 1 to 2 meters).
3.
If using multiple Arrays at the same location, we recommend
maintaining a distance of at least 100 feet between units.
t100 ft
t100 ft
t100 ft
Figure 9. Unit Placement
Installing the Xirrus Array
25
Wireless LAN Array
RF Patterns
The Xirrus Array allows you to control—automatically or manually—the pattern
of wireless coverage that best suits your deployment needs. You can choose to
operate with full coverage, half coverage, or custom coverage (by enabling or
disabling individual sectors).
Full (Normal) Coverage
In normal operation, the Array provides a full 360 degrees of coverage.
Figure 10. Full (Normal) Coverage
Half Coverage
If installing a unit close to an exterior wall, you can deactivate half of the radios to
prevent redundant signals from “bleeding” beyond the wall and extending
service into public areas. The same principle applies if you want to restrict service
to an adjacent room within the site.
outside wall
Figure 11. Adjusting RF Patterns
26
Installing the Xirrus Array
Wireless LAN Array
Custom Coverage
Where there are highly reflective objects in close proximity to the Array, you can
turn off specific radios to avoid interference and feedback.
reflective
object
Figure 12. Custom Coverage
Calculating Areas
Before we discuss cell sizes, it is useful to know how to calculate the area of a
circle (because the Array radiates a full 360 degrees). The area of a circle is equal
to pi (S) times the square of the radius, where pi is equal to 3.14. The following
graphic calculates the area of a circle with a radius of 20 feet.
3.14 x 202 = 1,256 sq ft
20 ft
Figure 13. Calculating the Area of a Circle
Installing the Xirrus Array
27
Wireless LAN Array
Capacity and Cell Sizes
Cell sizes should be calculated based on the number of users, the applications
being used (for example, data/video/voice), and the number of Arrays available
at the location. The capacity of a cell is defined as the minimum data rate desired
for each sector multiplied by the total number of sectors being used.
The following chart shows the maximum recommended cell sizes for each data
rate.
Desired
Data Rate
(Mbps)
28
11a Cell Size
11b/g Cell Size
Radius
(feet)
Area
(sq. feet)
Radius
(feet)
Area
(sq. feet)
54
100
31,400
104
33,962
48
185
107,466
183
105,155
36
247
191,568
260
212,264
24
278
242,672
283
251,479
18
309
299,810
338
358,726
12
339
360,852
364
416,037
371
432,193
374
439,211
402
507,437
390
477,594
11
416
543,396
5.5
437
649,295
458
658,659
468
687,735
Installing the Xirrus Array
Wireless LAN Array
Sample 802.11a Cells
The following 802.11a sample cells illustrate the coverage area and minimum
throughput you can expect (per sector) based on the size of each cell. Notice how
the throughput increases as the cell size decreases, and vice versa.
68 ft
14,520 sq ft
54 Mbps per sector
98 ft
30,157 sq ft
36 Mbps per sector
165 ft
85,487 sq ft
18 Mbps per sector
Figure 14. Sample 802.11a Cells
Installing the Xirrus Array
29
Wireless LAN Array
Fine Tuning Cell Sizes
Adjusting the transmit power allows you to fine tune cell sizes. There are three
settings—Large, Medium, or Small (the default is Large). If you are installing
many units in close proximity to each other, reduce the transmit power to avoid
excessive interference with other Arrays or installed APs. See also, “IAP Settings”
on page 90.
Small
Medium
Large
Figure 15. Transmit Power
Roaming Considerations
Cells should overlap approximately 10 - 15% to accommodate client roaming.
ROAMING
10 - 15% overlap
Figure 16. Overlapping Cells
30
Installing the Xirrus Array
Wireless LAN Array
Allocating Channels
Because the Xirrus Array is a multi-channel device, allocating the best channels to
radios is important if peak performance is to be maintained.
Automatic Channel Selection
We recommend that you allow the Array to make intelligent channel allocation
decisions automatically. In the automatic mode, channels are allocated
dynamically, driven by changes in the environment.
Manual Channel Selection
You can manually assign channels on a per radio basis, though manual selection
is not recommended (and not necessary).
To avoid co-channel interference, do not select adjacent channels for radios that
are physically next to each other.
Maintain channel separation
Figure 17. Allocating Channels Manually
Installing the Xirrus Array
31
Wireless LAN Array
Deployment Examples
The following examples employ 802.11a cells, each offering minimum
throughputs of 54 Mbps, 36 Mbps, and 18 Mbps per sector respectively, and
assume a floor plan covering a total area of about 60,000 square feet.
Figure 18. Deployment Scenario (54 Mbps)—Per Sector
Figure 19. Deployment Scenario (36 Mbps)—Per Sector
32
Installing the Xirrus Array
Wireless LAN Array
Figure 20. Deployment Scenario (18 Mbps)—Per Sector
Failover Planning
This section discusses failover protection at the unit and port levels.
Port Failover Protection
To ensure that service is continued in the event of a port failure, you can utilize
the Gigabit 1 and Gigabit 2 ports simultaneously.
Multiple port connections
Ethernet switch
Figure 21. Port Failover Protection
Installing the Xirrus Array
33
Wireless LAN Array
In addition, the Array has full failover protection between the Gigabit 1 and
Gigabit 2 Ethernet ports (see following table).
Interface
Bridges
Data?
Bridges
Management
Traffic?
Fails Over To:
IP address
Fast Ethernet
No
Yes
None
DHCP or
static
Gigabit 1
Yes
Yes
Gigabit 2
DHCP or
static
Gigabit 2
Yes
Yes
Gigabit 1
Assumes the
IP address of
Gigabit 1
Switch Failover Protection
To ensure that service is continued in the event of a switch failure, you can
connect Arrays to more than one Ethernet switch (not a hub).
Ethernet connections
Backup switch
Ethernet switch
Figure 22. Switch Failover Protection
34
Gigabit Ethernet connections must be on the same subnet.
Installing the Xirrus Array
Wireless LAN Array
Power Planning
This section discusses the AC and DC power options.
AC Power
The AC power option requires a direct connection between the Array and a
dedicated AC power outlet. The power cord is provided with the unit.
Remote Distributed DC Power
To deliver DC power to the Array, you must have the optional Xirrus Remote DC
Power System (XP-3100) and a Xirrus Array that supports DC power—see
Figure 4 on page 8 . The XP-3100 provides DC power to multiple Arrays from a
single source, and requires only one AC power outlet.
Depending on the type of cable used, Arrays can be located up to 1,000 feet from
the XP-3100. In addition, the XP-3100 can be plugged into a UPS to prevent power
failure to all Arrays in the network.
When using CAT5 cable, DC power can be provided up to a distance of 300
feet.
Security Planning
This section offers some useful guidelines for defining your preferred encryption
and authentication method. For additional information, go to the Security section
of “Frequently Asked Questions” on page 222.
Wireless Encryption
Encryption ensures that no user can decipher another user’s data transmitted
over the airwaves. There are three encryption options available to you, including:
WEP-40bit or WEP-128bit
Because WEP is vulnerable to cracks, we recommend that you only use
this for legacy devices that cannot support a stronger encryption type.
Wi-Fi Protected Access
This is much more secure than WEP and uses TKIP for encryption.
Installing the Xirrus Array
35
Wireless LAN Array
Wi-Fi Protected Access with AES
This is government-grade encryption—available on most new client
adapters—and uses the AES–CCM encryption mode (Advanced
Encryption Standard–Counter Mode).
Authentication
Authentication ensures users are who they say they are, and occurs when users
attempt to join the wireless network and periodically there after. The following
authentication methods are available with the XS-3900:
36
RADIUS 802.1x
802.1x uses a remote RADIUS server to authenticate large numbers of
clients, and can handle different authentication methods (EAP-TLS, EAPTTLS EAP-PEAP).
Xirrus internal RADIUS server
Includes all the core functionality of a full RADIUS server built into the
Xirrus Array. Recommended for smaller numbers of users (about 100 or
less).
Pre-Shared Key
Uses a pass-phrase or key that is manually distributed to all authorized
users. The same passphrase is given to client devices and entered into
each Array.
MAC Access Control Lists (ACLs)
MAC access control lists provide a list of client adapter MAC addresses
that are allowed or denied access to the wireless network, and can be
used in addition to any of the above authentication methods. ACLs are
good for embedded devices, like printers and bar-code scanners (though
MAC addresses can be spoofed). The Xirrus Array supports 512 ACL
entries.
Installing the Xirrus Array
Wireless LAN Array
Network Management Planning
Network management can be performed using any of the following methods:
Command Line Interface, using an SSH (Secure Shell) utility, like PuTTY.
Web-based management, using the Array’s embedded Web Management
Interface (WMI). This method provides configuration and basic
monitoring tools, and is good for small deployments (one or two units).
Web-based management, using the optional Xirrus Wireless Management
System (XM-3300). The XM-3300 is used for managing large Array
deployments from a centralized Web-based interface and offers the
following features:
Š Layer 3 appliance
Š
Globally manage large numbers of Arrays
Š
Seamless view of the entire wireless network
Š
Easily configure large numbers of Arrays
Š
Rogue AP monitoring
Š
Easily manage system-wide firmware updates
Š
Monitor performance and trends
Š Aggregation of alerts and alarms
Installing the Xirrus Array
37
Wireless LAN Array
Deployment Summary
The following table summarizes your deployment options for small and large
deployments.
Number of Xirrus Arrays
Function
Power
One or Two
Three or More
AC
AC
DC (with XP-3100)
DC (with XP-3100)
UPS backup
(recommended)
Failover
Recommended
Highly recommended
VLANs
Optional
Optional use,
Can be used to put all
APs on one VLAN or
map to existing VLAN
scheme
Encryption
Authentication
WPA with TKIP
(recommended)
WPA with AES
(recommended)
PSK or 802.1x
802.1x keying
Internal RADIUS server
External RADIUS server
Pre-Shared Key
Management
Internal WMI
XM-3300
Internal CLI
XM-3300
38
Installing the Xirrus Array
Wireless LAN Array
Installation Workflow
This workflow illustrates the steps that are required to install and configure your
Xirrus Array successfully. Review this flowchart before attempting to install the
unit on a customer’s network.
Determine the number of Arrays needed
Choose the location(s) for your Xirrus Arrays
AC
AC or DC
power?
Run AC power and Ethernet cables
DC
Run DC power and Ethernet cables
Install the mounting plate
Connect the cables and turn on the power
Verify that the Ethernet link and radio LEDs are functioning correctly
Perform the Express Setup procedure
Figure 23. Installation Workflow
Installing the Xirrus Array
39
Wireless LAN Array
Unpacking the Xirrus Array
When you unpack your Xirrus Array, you will find the following items in the
carton:
Item
40
Quantity
Xirrus Wireless LAN Array
AC power cord
Console cable
Mounting plate
Mounting screws
Tile grid mounting clamps
Clamp nuts
Mounting template
CD-ROM containing:
This User’s Guide in PDF format
End User License Agreement (EULA)
README file
Quick Install Guide
Registration Card
Installing the Xirrus Array
Wireless LAN Array
Installing Your Xirrus Wireless LAN Array
This section provides instructions for installing your Xirrus Wireless LAN Array.
Choosing a Location
Based on coverage, capacity and deployment examples discussed earlier in this
chapter, choose a location for the Array that will provide the best results for your
needs. The Xirrus Array was designed to be mounted on a ceiling where the unit
is unobtrusive and wireless transmissions can travel unimpeded throughout open
plan areas. Choose a location that is central to your users (see the following
diagram for correct placement.
WRONG
RON
RO
ON
WRONG
RON
RO
O G
ON
CORRECT
ORRE
ORREC
Figure 24. Array Placement
Installing the Xirrus Array
41
Wireless LAN Array
Wiring Considerations
Unless you are using the Xirrus Remote DC Power System (XP-3100) with the DC
version of the Array, an AC power outlet must be available to the Array (an AC
power cord is provided with each unit). If you are using the XP-3100 to distribute
DC power to multiple Arrays, go to “Remote DC Power System (Optional)” on
page 8.
Once you have determined the best location for your Xirrus Array, you must run
cables to the location for the following services:
Power
Dedicated AC power
DC power (if using the XP-3100)
Network
42
Gigabit 1
Gigabit 2 (optional, not available on the XS-3500)
Fast Ethernet (optional, not available on the XS-3500)
Serial cable
Installing the Xirrus Array
Wireless LAN Array
Important Notes About Network Connections
Read the following notes before making any network connections.
The Array’s Ethernet ports should be plugged into an Ethernet switch, not an
Ethernet hub—if a hub is used, we recommend that you connect only one
Ethernet port.
The Gigabit1 Ethernet interface is the primary port for both data and
management traffic. If a single Ethernet connection is used, it must be
connected to the Gigabit1 Ethernet interface.
The 10/100 Ethernet Port can be used for managing the Array, and will only
bridge management traffic. See also, “Port Failover Protection” on page 33.
When the unit’s IP address is unknown or a network connection has not been
established, the serial cable is used for connecting directly with the Command
Line Interface (CLI) via HyperTerminal. When a network connection is
established, the Array can be managed from any of the available network
connections, either Fast Ethernet, Gigabit 1 or Gigabit 2.
Mounting the Unit
Most offices have drop-down acoustical ceiling tiles set into a standard grid. The
Xirrus Array has been designed to enable mounting to a tiled ceiling via a
mounting plate and clamps that attach to the grid. Once the mounting plate is
attached, the Array simply rotates onto the plate (similar to a smoke detector).
Once the unit is mounted it can be removed and re-attached easily, without the
need for tools or modifications to the original installation.
This section assumes that you are mounting the Array to a tiled ceiling. If your
ceiling is not tiled, the mounting plate can be attached directly to the ceiling with
the screws and anchors provided (without using the tile grid mounting clamps).
Installing the Xirrus Array
43
Wireless LAN Array
Attaching the T-Bar Clips
The T-bar clips are used to create four mounting points on the ceiling tile grid for
the Array mounting plate. Use the mounting template (provided) to find the
correct location for all four clamps. To attach the clamps, simply twist the clamps
onto the grid and tighten the screw post with a screwdriver.
Ceiling tile grid
Template
T-bar clips (4 places)
Tighten the screw post
Figure 25. Attaching the T-Bar Clips
44
Installing the Xirrus Array
Wireless LAN Array
Installing the Mounting Plate
If necessary, orient the mounting plate (see “Attaching the T-Bar Clips” on
page 44) and locate the plate on the four screw posts. Secure the mounting plate to
the four clamps using the nuts provided. Once the mounting plate is secured, cut
an access hole in the ceiling tile for the cables.
Tile grid
Mounting Plate
Cut an access hole here
Figure 26. Installing the Mounting Plate (XS-3900 shown)
Installing the Xirrus Array
45
Wireless LAN Array
Connecting the Cables
Feed the power and Ethernet cables through the access hole in the tile and the
mounting plate (XS-3900), then connect the cables to the unit. See also, “Wiring
Considerations” on page 42.
Figure 27. Connecting the Cables
When the cables are connected, turn on the power switch—before attaching the
unit to the mounting plate (next step). Verify that the Ethernet link LED lights and
the LED boot sequence begins. The radio LEDs on the front of the unit will
illuminate in rotation, indicating that the Xirrus Array software is loading and the
unit is functioning correctly.
46
Installing the Xirrus Array
Wireless LAN Array
Attaching the Array to the Mounting Plate (XS-3900)
Align the port recess on the Array with the access hole in the mounting plate, then
connect the Array with the lugs on the mounting plate (4 places) and turn the
Array clockwise to lock the unit into place (similar to a smoke detector).
Figure 28. Attaching the Unit (XS-3900)
Installing the Xirrus Array
47
Wireless LAN Array
Attaching the Array to the Mounting Plate (XS-3500)
Align the XS-3500 Wireless LAN Array with the key post on the mounting plate,
then turn the Array to the right to lock the unit into place at the 4 lugs—similar to
a smoke detector.
Key post
Lug
Alignment hole
Figure 29. Attaching the Unit (XS-3500)
48
Installing the Xirrus Array
Wireless LAN Array
Securing the Array
For added security, there is a locking bracket incorporated into the mounting
plate, which will accept a small luggage-style padlock (if desired). There is also a
Kensington lock slot located near the Ethernet ports. In addition, the mounting
plate incorporates a positive locking tab that prevents the unit from being
inadvertently released.
Locking bracket
Figure 30. Securing the Array
Now that the Array is physically installed, you must run the Express Setup
procedure from the unit’s Web Management Interface to enable the radios and
establish initial system configuration settings. Go to “Powering Up the Xirrus
Wireless LAN Array” on page 51.
Installing the Xirrus Array
49
Wireless LAN Array
Dismounting the Array
To dismount the Array, place your fingers so as to increase the space between the
Array and the mounting plate at the positions indicated by the decals on the
mounting plate—these are aligned with IAPs (radios) abg1 and abg3, as indicated
on the clock-face of the Array.
a12
a11
a1
abg4
abg1
a10
a2
a3
a9
a8
a4
abg3
abg2
a7
a5
a6
Figure 31. IAP Positions (XS-3900)
50
Installing the Xirrus Array
Wireless LAN Array
Powering Up the Xirrus Wireless LAN Array
When powering up, the Array follows a specific sequence of LED patterns
showing the boot progress, and following a successful boot will provide extensive
status information. The normal boot sequence is as follows:
1.
The green status LED will light first, showing a steady flashing while the
unit boots. In the event of a boot failure, this LED will change to flashing
red.
2.
The Ethernet Link/Activity LEDs on the underside of the Array will light
for those ports connected to the network.
3.
All IAP radio LEDs will light simultaneously.
4.
While the Array is booting, a sequential LED pattern will cycle through
all the radio LEDs.
5.
When the Array completes boot, the status LED will show a steady green,
and all radio lights will show the current state of those radios.
Ethernet
Activity LEDs
Status LED
IAP LEDs (x16)
Figure 32. LED Locations (XS-3900)
Installing the Xirrus Array
51
Wireless LAN Array
Once the unit is fully booted the default IAP LED display will be as follows:
IAP radio LEDs that are enabled will show a steady orange for 802.11a
radios, or green for 802.11b/g radios.
Once a client associates with an individual IAP, that LED will show a
slow flash (heartbeat) pattern.
When data is transmitted or received by an IAP, that IAP’s LED will flash.
The rate of flashing changes with the number of packets sent or received
per second—the LED will flash more quickly with a greater number of
packets per second and more slowly with lower numbers of packets per
second.
These settings may be altered or disabled entirely for diagnostic purposes or for
personal preference. Changes are made via the Array’s Command Line Interface
or the Web Management Interface—refer to “IAP LED Settings” on page 103.
Figure 33. WMI: IAP LED Settings Page
52
Installing the Xirrus Array
Wireless LAN Array
Establishing Communication with the Array
The Array can be configured through the Command Line Interface (CLI) or the
graphical Web Management Interface (WMI). You can use the CLI via the serial
management port, the Fast Ethernet port, or either of the Gigabit Ethernet ports.
You can use the WMI via any of the Array’s Ethernet ports.
Serial
Fast Ethernet
Gigabit 1
Gigabit 2
Figure 34. Network Interface Ports
Using the Serial Port
If using the serial port to make your connection, use serial settings of 8 bits, no
parity, 1 stop bit (8N1) and a speed setting of 115200 baud. Use the
communication package of your choice.
Using the Ethernet Ports
If the Array is booted and does not receive DHCP addresses on either the Fast
Ethernet or Gigabit Ethernet ports, the Fast Ethernet port will default to an IP
address of 10.0.0.1 and both Gigabit Ethernet ports will default to 10.0.1.1 and
10.0.2.1 respectively. If the Array is connected to a network that provides DHCP
addresses, the IP address can be determined by the following two methods:
1.
Examine the DHCP tables on the server and find the addresses assigned
to the Array (Xirrus MAC addresses begin with 000F7D).
2.
Query the Array using the CLI via the serial port. Use the show ethernet
command to view the IP addresses assigned to each port.
Logging In
When logging in to the Array, use the default user name and password—the
default user name is admin, and the default password is admin.
Installing the Xirrus Array
53
Wireless LAN Array
Performing the Express Setup Procedure
The Express Setup procedure allows you to establish global configuration settings
that will enable basic Array functionality. Any changes you make on this page
will affect all radios. When finished, click on the Apply button to apply the new
settings to this session, then click on the Save button to save your changes.
more ...
Figure 35. WMI: Express Setup Page (Part 1)
54
Installing the Xirrus Array
Wireless LAN Array
... continued
Figure 36. WMI: Express Setup Page (Part 2)
Procedure for Performing an Express Setup
1.
Host Name: Specify a unique host name for this Array. The host name is
used to identify the Array on the network. Use a name that will be
meaningful within your network environment, up to 64 alphanumeric
characters.
2.
Location Information: Enter a brief but meaningful description that
accurately defines the physical location of the Array. In an environment
where multiple units are installed, clear definitions for their locations are
important if you want to identify a specific unit.
3.
Admin Contact: Enter the name and contact information of the person
who is responsible for administering the Array at the designated location.
4.
Admin Email: Enter the email address of the admin contact you entered
in Step 3.
5.
Admin Phone: Enter the telephone number of the admin contact you
entered in Step 3.
6.
Enable/Configure All IAPs: Click on the Execute button to enable and
auto configure all IAPs (a message displays the countdown time—in
seconds—to complete the auto-configuration task).
Installing the Xirrus Array
55
Wireless LAN Array
7.
Configure the Fast Ethernet (10/100 Megabit), Gigabit 1 and Gigabit 2
network interfaces. The fields for each of these interfaces are the same,
and include:
a.
Enable Interface: Choose Yes to enable this network interface, or
choose No to disable the interface.
b. Allow Management on Interface: Choose Yes to allow management
of the Array via this network interface, or choose No to deny all
management privileges for this interface.
c.
8.
Configuration Server Protocol: Choose DHCP to instruct the Array
to use DHCP to assign IP addresses to the Array’s Ethernet interfaces,
or choose Static IP if you intend to enter IP addresses manually. If
you choose the Static IP option, you must enter the following
information:
IP Address: Enter a valid IP address for this Array. To use
any of the remote connections (Web, SNMP, or SSH), a valid
IP address must be used.
IP Subnet Mask: Enter a valid IP address for the subnet
mask (the default is 255.255.255.0). The subnet mask defines
the number of IP addresses that are available on the routed
subnet where the Array is located.
Default Gateway: Enter a valid IP address for the default
gateway. This is the IP address of the router that the Array
uses to forward data to other networks.
SSID (Wireless Network Name): The SSID (Service Set Identifier) is a
unique name that identifies a wireless network. All devices attempting to
connect to a specific WLAN must use the same SSID. The default for this
field is “xirrus.”
For additional information about SSIDs, go to the Multiple SSIDs section
of “Frequently Asked Questions” on page 222.
9.
56
Wireless Security: Select the desired wireless security scheme (Open,
WEP or WPA). Make your selection from the choices available in the pulldown list.
Installing the Xirrus Array
Wireless LAN Array
Open
This option offers no data encryption and is not recommended,
though you might choose this option if clients are required to use a
VPN connection through a secure SSH utility, like PuTTy.
WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy)
An optional IEEE 802.11 function that offers frame transmission
privacy similar to a wired network. WEP generates secret shared
encryption keys that both source and destination stations can use to
alter frame bits to avoid disclosure to eavesdroppers.
WPA (Wi-Fi Protected Access)
A Wi-Fi Alliance standard that contains a subset of the IEEE 802.11i
standard, using TKIP or AES as an encryption method and 802.1X for
authentication. WPA is the stronger of the two wireless security
schemes.
For more information about security, including a full review of all
security options and settings, go to “Security Management” on page 113.
Security settings will only take effect if they are assigned to a specific
SSID. Refer to “SSID” on page 107.
10. Wireless Key/Passphrase: Depending on the wireless security scheme
you selected, enter a unique WEP key or WPA passphrase.
a.
Confirm Key/Passphrase: If you entered a WEP key or WPA
passphrase, confirm it here.
11. New Admin Password: If desired, enter a new administration password
for managing this Array. Choose a password that is not obvious, and one
that you can remember. If you forget your password, you must reset the
Array to its factory defaults so that the password is reset to admin (its
default setting).
a.
Confirm Admin Password: If you entered a new administration
password, confirm the new password here.
Installing the Xirrus Array
57
Wireless LAN Array
12. Adjust Time (hrs:min:sec): Check this box if you want to adjust the
current system time. When the box is checked, the time fields become
active. Enter the revised time (hours, minutes, seconds, am/pm) in the
corresponding fields. If you don’t want to adjust the current time, this box
should be left unchecked (default).
13. Adjust Date (day/month/year): Check this box if you want to adjust the
current system date. When the box is checked, the date fields become
active. Enter the revised date (day, month, year) in the corresponding
fields. If you don’t want to adjust the current date, this box should be left
unchecked (default).
14. Auto Adjust Daylight Savings: Check this box if you want the system to
adjust for daylight savings automatically, otherwise leave this box
unchecked (default).
15. Time Zone: Select a time zone
from the choices available in the
pull-down list.
Figure 37. WMI: Time Zones
58
Installing the Xirrus Array
Wireless LAN Array
16. Use NTP (IP Address): Check this box if you want to use an NTP
(Network Time Protocol) server to synchronize the Array’s clock. This
ensures that syslog time-stamping is maintained across all units. Without
an NTP server assigned (no universal clock), each Array will use its own
internal clock and stamp times accordingly, which may result in
discrepancies. When this box is checked, the NTP and NTP 2 IP address
fields become active. If you don’t want to use an NTP server, leave this
box unchecked (default), otherwise enter the IP address or DNS name of
the NTP server.
NTP enabled
Figure 38. Enabling the NTP Feature
a.
NTP 2 (IP Address): If you enabled the NTP option and the site is
using a secondary NTP server, enter the IP address or DNS name of
the secondary NTP server.
17. Click on the Apply button to apply the new settings to this session
18. Click on the Save button to save your changes (otherwise your new
settings will not take effect).
This ends the Express Setup procedure.
Installing the Xirrus Array
59
Wireless LAN Array
Installing the XS-3900 Wall Mount Assembly
The wall mounting assembly is used to mount the XS-3900 Wireless LAN Array
on a wall, instead of the traditional ceiling mount—where mounting the Array on
the ceiling may be impractical at your location.
Kit Contents
The Wall Mounting Assembly kit includes the following items:
8 x SNAPTOGGLE™ toggle bolts (for attaching the wall bracket to the
wall)
4 x 1/4 inch bolt assemblies (for attaching the mounting plate to the wall
bracket)
Wall Mounting Bracket
Tools Required
60
Power drill
1/2 inch (13mm) drill bit
Cross head screwdriver
1/4 inch nut wrench
Pencil
Level
Installing the Xirrus Array
Wireless LAN Array
Mark the Wall Position
1.
Use the Wall Mounting Bracket as a template and mark the locations on
the wall for the mounting holes.
Mark holes (at least 5 places)
Figure 39. Wall Mount—Marking the Holes
When marking the holes, ensure that the mounting plate is level—you
may need assistance.
The bracket must be secured to the wall in at least 5 places, using a minimum
of the top 3 holes and the 2 outside holes at the bottom. For maximum strength,
use all 8 mounting points (8 toggle bolts are provided).
Installing the Xirrus Array
61
Wireless LAN Array
Install the SNAPTOGGLE™ Toggle Bolts
2.
At the locations you marked in Step 1, drill a 1/2 inch (13mm) hole (there
must be a minimum clearance behind the wall of 1 7/8 inches (48mm).
3.
(Refer to graphic A) Hold the metal channel flat alongside the plastic
straps and slide the channel through the hole.
Figure 40. Installing the Toggle Bolts
4.
(Refer to graphic B) Hold the strap handle between your thumb and
forefinger and pull towards you until the metal channel rests flush
behind the wall.
To achieve the maximum shear holding capability for the toggle bolt, orient the
metal channel so that the channel is vertical to the floor.
Using your other hand, now slide the plastic cap along the straps until the
flange of the cap is flush with wall.
The straps provide a one-way ratcheting mechanism (similar to a cable tie).
Ensure that the toggle bolt assembly is oriented correctly (vertical to the floor)
before sliding the plastic cap along the straps.
5.
62
(Refer to graphic C) Break the straps at the wall, flush with the flange of
the cap. The straps can be broken by pushing them from side-to-side and
simply snapping them off.
Installing the Xirrus Array
Wireless LAN Array
Graphic D shows a cutaway example of how the toggle bolt is used to
secure an item to the wall (in our case, the item is the Wall Mounting
Bracket—secured to the wall with a minimum of 5 toggle bolts.
Do not attach the Wall Mounting Bracket to the wall at this time.
Attach the Mounting Plate to the Wall Mounting Bracket
Secure the Wireless LAN Array’s mounting plate to the Wall Mounting
Bracket (4 places)—tighten the 4 bolt assemblies to a torque of 10–12 lbf.ft
(1.38–1.66 kgf.m). Do not overtighten the bolts.
Mounting Plate
Secure (x4 bolt assemblies)
Figure 41. Attaching the Wall Mounting Plate
Attach the Wall Mounting Bracket/Plate Assembly to the Wall
6.
Secure the Wall Mounting Bracket (with attached Mounting Plate) to the
wall at the toggle bolt anchors you created in Steps 2 through 5—a
minimum of 5 places.
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63
Wireless LAN Array
Mount the Array
The image opposite shows the orientation of the Wireless LAN Array when
mounted on a wall. It is not intended to show a fully installed Array.
7.
Mount the Wireless LAN Array to the Wall Mounting Bracket in the same
way that you would mount the Array to a ceiling mount (the procedure is
identical).
Figure 42. Mounting the Array on a Wall
64
Installing the Xirrus Array
Wireless LAN Array
The Web Management Interface
This chapter provides an overview of the XS-3900’s embedded Web Management
Interface (WMI), used for establishing your network’s configuration settings and
wireless operating parameters.
An Overview
The WMI is an easy-to-use graphical interface to your Xirrus Array. It allows you
to configure the product to suit your individual requirements and ensure that the
unit functions efficiently and effectively.
Figure 43. Web Management Interface
The Web Management Interface
65
Wireless LAN Array
Content
The content of the WMI has been organized by function and hierarchy, shown
here in list form. You can click on any item in the list to jump to the referenced
destination.
Array Status
Express Setup
Network Interfaces
Network Settings
Network Statistics
DHCP Settings
DNS Settings
IAP Interfaces
IAP Settings
Global Settings
Global Settings .11a
Global Settings .11bg
IAP LED Settings
Statistics
(Individual IAP Statistics)
SSID
SSID Management
Security
Security Management
Radius Server
Radius User
MAC Access List
Admin Management
Management Control
Rogue AP List
Rogue Control List
Stations
RSSI
Services
Time Settings
System Log
SNMP
Array Info
Tools
Show Config
Event Log
Logout
66
The Web Management Interface
Wireless LAN Array
Structure
The WMI has been designed with simplicity in mind, making navigation quick
and easy. In the following example, you’ll see that pages are divided into left and
right frames. The left frame contains configuration elements organized by
function (for example, radio interfaces, security, etc.), and where these functions
are sub-divided there is an associated pull-down menu. Also included in the left
frame are three counters that provide a running total of messages generated by
the syslog subsystem during your session—organized into Critical, Warning and
General messages.
Left frame
Right frame
Message counters
Pull-down menu
Figure 44. WMI: Frames
The right frame contains the configuration parameters for the Array. This is where
you input data (if you want to make changes) or review the Array’s current status
and activity.
The Web Management Interface
67
Wireless LAN Array
Status Bar
Below the configuration frames you will find a status bar containing information
about this Array, including:
Location—displays the location information assigned to the unit.
Host name—the host name assigned to this unit.
Network interface IP address—the IP address of the network interface
that is currently being used.
Also included in the status bar is a Print button and a Help button. Click on the
Print button to send a print file of the active page to your local printer, or click on
the Help button to go to the Array’s online help system.
Print button
Status information
Help button
Figure 45. WMI: Status Bar
Applying Configuration Changes
When you have defined all your settings on any WMI configuration page, you
must click on the Apply button for the changes to take effect in the current
session. Click on the Save button to write your changes (for future sessions).
Character Restrictions
When inputting strings in the WMI (for example, assigning SSIDs, host name,
password, etc.), use only common alphanumeric characters. Do not use any of the
following characters:
68
“
The Web Management Interface
Wireless LAN Array
Configuring the Xirrus Array
This chapter covers configuration and management tasks using the product’s
embedded Web Management Interface (WMI). It also includes a procedure for
logging in to the XS-3900/XS-3700/XS-3500 with your Web browser.
Section headings for this chapter include:
“Logging In” on page 69
“Making Configuration Changes to the Array” on page 70
Logging In
Use this procedure to log in to the WMI via your Web browser.
1.
Establish a network connection and open your Web browser.
2.
Connect to the Wireless LAN Array via its default IP address (10.0.1.1) or
via a DHCP assigned IP address.
3.
To log in to the Array’s Web Management Interface, enter admin when
prompted for a user name and password.
Figure 46. WMI: Logging In to the Wireless LAN Array
Configuring the Xirrus Array
69
Wireless LAN Array
Making Configuration Changes to the Array
This section has been organized into functional areas that reflect the flow and
content of the WMI. Configuration instructions to the Wireless LAN Array
require you to input data in one or more of the following formats:
Specifying data (for example, IP addresses, descriptions, etc.).
Making selections from pull-down lists.
Choosing an option by clicking on a radio button (for example, on/off).
Clicking on a check box to activate/deactivate a feature.
Clicking on a button to confirm a command or apply your changes.
Array Status
This is a status only page that provides a snapshot of the global configuration
settings for all XS-3900/XS-3700/XS-3500 network interfaces and radios. You
must go to the appropriate configuration page to make changes to any of the
settings displayed here (configuration changes cannot be made from this page).
Figure 47. WMI: Array Status Page
70
Configuring the Xirrus Array
Wireless LAN Array
The Array Status page is sub-divided into the Network Interface and IAP
Interface (radio) sections and provides you with the following information:
All devices: A listing of the available Network Interfaces and IAPs with
each item containing a link to the associated configuration page. Linked
items are shown UNDERLINED. For example:
These items
are linked
Figure 48. Linked Items
All devices: The current status of each device, whether enabled or
disabled. Devices that are disabled are shown in RED. For example:
Disabled devices are shown in RED
Figure 49. WMI: Disabled Device (Partial View)
Network Interface devices:
The Management column indicates whether the network interface
device is enabled or disabled. Network interfaces are enabled or
disabled on the Network Settings page.
The Configuration column shows how each network interface
obtains its IP address—either dynamically via DHCP or entered
manually by you (static configuration) on the Network Settings page.
Configuring the Xirrus Array
71
Wireless LAN Array
The IP Address column shows the current IP address being used by
each network interface device.
IAP Interface devices:
The Channel column shows on which channel each IAP (radio) is
operating. Channel selections are made on the IAP Settings page
from a pull-menu. To avoid co-channel interference, adjacent radios
should not be using adjacent channels.
The Cell Size column indicates which cell size setting is currently
active for each radio—either small, medium, large or manually
defined by you. The cell size of a radio is a function of its transmit
power and determines the radio’s overall coverage. Cell sizes are
defined on the IAP Settings page. For additional information about
cell sizes and the importance of planning for and defining the
optimum sizes for your Array, go to “Coverage and Capacity
Planning” on page 25.
Figure 50. IAP Cells
72
The Associated Users column informs you how many users are
currently associated with each radio. The high-capacity XS-3900 can
handle up to 64 concurrent users per individual IAP radio (1024 or
960 users per Array when the monitor is enabled).
Configuring the Xirrus Array
Wireless LAN Array
Express Setup
This page allows you to establish global configuration settings that will enable
basic Array functionality. Any changes you make on this page will affect all
radios. When finished, click on the Apply button to apply the new settings to this
session, then click on the Save button to save your changes.
more ...
Figure 51. WMI: Express Setup Page (Part 1)
Configuring the Xirrus Array
73
Wireless LAN Array
... continued
Figure 52. WMI: Express Setup Page (Part 2)
Procedure for Performing an Express Setup
74
1.
Host Name: Specify a unique host name for this Array. The host name is
used to identify the Array on the network. Use a name that will be
meaningful within your network environment, up to 64 alphanumeric
characters.
2.
Location Information: Enter a brief but meaningful description that
accurately defines the physical location of the Array. In an environment
where multiple units are installed, clear definitions for their locations are
important if you want to identify a specific unit.
3.
Admin Contact: Enter the name and contact information of the person
who is responsible for administering the Array at the designated location.
4.
Admin Email: Enter the email address of the admin contact you entered
in Step 3.
5.
Admin Phone: Enter the telephone number of the admin contact you
entered in Step 3.
6.
Enable/Configure All IAPs: Click on the Execute button to enable and
auto configure all IAPs (a message displays the countdown time—in
seconds—to complete the auto-configuration task).
Configuring the Xirrus Array
Wireless LAN Array
7.
Configure the Fast Ethernet (10/100 Megabit), Gigabit 1 and Gigabit 2
network interfaces. The fields for each of these interfaces are the same,
and include:
a.
Enable Interface: Choose Yes to enable this network interface, or
choose No to disable the interface.
b. Allow Management on Interface: Choose Yes to allow management
of the Array via this network interface, or choose No to deny all
management privileges for this interface.
c.
8.
Configuration Server Protocol: Choose DHCP to instruct the Array
to use DHCP to assign IP addresses to the Array’s Ethernet interfaces,
or choose Static IP if you intend to enter IP addresses manually. If
you choose the Static IP option, you must enter the following
information:
IP Address: Enter a valid IP address for this Array. To use
any of the remote connections (Web, SNMP, or SSH), a valid
IP address must be used.
IP Subnet Mask: Enter a valid IP address for the subnet
mask (the default is 255.255.255.0). The subnet mask defines
the number of IP addresses that are available on the routed
subnet where the Array is located.
Default Gateway: Enter a valid IP address for the default
gateway. This is the IP address of the router that the Array
uses to forward data to other networks.
SSID (Wireless Network Name): The SSID (Service Set Identifier) is a
unique name that identifies a wireless network. All devices attempting to
connect to a specific WLAN must use the same SSID. The default for this
field is “xirrus.”
For additional information about SSIDs, go to the Multiple SSIDs section
of “Frequently Asked Questions” on page 222.
Configuring the Xirrus Array
75
Wireless LAN Array
9.
Wireless Security: Select the desired wireless security scheme (Open,
WEP or WPA). Make your selection from the choices available in the pulldown list.
Open
This option offers no data encryption and is not recommended,
though you might choose this option if clients are required to use a
VPN connection through a secure SSH utility, like PuTTy.
WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy)
An optional IEEE 802.11 function that offers frame transmission
privacy similar to a wired network. WEP generates secret shared
encryption keys that both source and destination stations can use to
alter frame bits to avoid disclosure to eavesdroppers.
WPA (Wi-Fi Protected Access)
A Wi-Fi Alliance standard that contains a subset of the IEEE 802.11i
standard, using TKIP or AES as an encryption method and 802.1X for
authentication. WPA is the stronger of the two wireless security
schemes.
For more information about security, including a full review of all
security options and settings, go to“Security Management” on page 113.
Security settings will only take effect if they are assigned to a specific
SSID. Refer to “SSID” on page 107.
10. Wireless Key/Passphrase: Depending on the wireless security scheme
you selected, enter a unique WEP key or WPA passphrase.
a.
Confirm Key/Passphrase: If you entered a WEP key or WPA
passphrase, confirm it here.
11. New Admin Password: If desired, enter a new administration password
for managing this Array. Choose a password that is not obvious, and one
that you can remember. If you forget your password, you must reset the
Array to its factory defaults so that the password is reset to admin (its
default setting).
76
Configuring the Xirrus Array
Wireless LAN Array
a.
Confirm Admin Password: If you entered a new administration
password, confirm the new password here.
12. Adjust Time (hrs:min:sec): Check this box if you want to adjust the
current system time. When the box is checked, the time fields become
active. Enter the revised time (hours, minutes, seconds, am/pm) in the
corresponding fields. If you don’t want to adjust the current time, this box
should be left unchecked (default).
13. Adjust Date (day/month/year): Check this box if you want to adjust the
current system date. When the box is checked, the date fields become
active. Enter the revised date (day, month, year) in the corresponding
fields. If you don’t want to adjust the current date, this box should be left
unchecked (default).
14. Auto Adjust Daylight Savings: Check this box if you want the system to
adjust for daylight savings automatically, otherwise leave this box
unchecked (default).
15. Time Zone: Select a time zone
from the choices available in the
pull-down list.
Figure 53. WMI: Time Zones
Configuring the Xirrus Array
77
Wireless LAN Array
16. Use NTP (IP Address): Check this box if you want to use an NTP
(Network Time Protocol) server to synchronize the Array’s clock. This
ensures that syslog time-stamping is maintained across all units. Without
an NTP server assigned (no universal clock), each Array will use its own
internal clock and stamp times accordingly, which may result in
discrepancies. When this box is checked, the NTP and NTP 2 IP address
fields become active. If you don’t want to use an NTP server, leave this
box unchecked (default), otherwise enter the IP address or DNS name of
the NTP server.
NTP enabled
Figure 54. Enabling the NTP Feature
a.
NTP 2 (IP Address): If you enabled the NTP option and the site is
using a secondary NTP server, enter the IP address or DNS name of
the secondary NTP server.
17. Click on the Apply button to apply the new settings to this session
18. Click on the Save button to save your changes (otherwise your new
settings will not take effect).
This ends the Express Setup procedure.
78
Configuring the Xirrus Array
Wireless LAN Array
Network Interfaces
This is a status only page that provides a snapshot of the configuration settings
currently established for the 10/100 Fast Ethernet interface and the 10/100/1000
Gigabit 1 and Gigabit 2 interfaces. You must go to the appropriate configuration
page to make changes to any of the settings displayed here (configuration
changes cannot be made from this page). You can click on any item (underlined)
in the Interface column to “jump” to the associated configuration page.
Figure 55. WMI: Network Interfaces Page
WMI pages that allow you to change or view configuration settings associated
with the network interfaces include:
“Network Settings” on page 80.
“Network Statistics” on page 84.
“DHCP Settings” on page 85.
“DNS Settings” on page 87.
Configuring the Xirrus Array
79
Wireless LAN Array
Network Settings
This page allows you to establish configuration settings for the 10/100 Fast
Ethernet interface and the 10/100/1000 Gigabit 1 and Gigabit 2 interfaces.
Gigabit 2 settings will “mirror” Gigabit 1 settings (except for MAC
addresses) and cannot be configured separately.
When finished, click on the Apply button to apply the new settings to this
session, then click on the Save button to save your changes.
more ...
Figure 56. WMI: Network Settings Page (Part 1)
80
Configuring the Xirrus Array
Wireless LAN Array
... continued
Figure 57. WMI: Network Settings Page (Part 2)
Network Interface Ports
The following diagram shows the location of each network interface port on the
underside of the Array.
Serial
Fast Ethernet
Gigabit 1
Gigabit 2
Figure 58. Network Interface Ports
Configuring the Xirrus Array
81
Wireless LAN Array
Procedure for Configuring the Network Interfaces
1.
Configure the Fast Ethernet, Gigabit 1 and Gigabit 2 network interfaces.
The fields for each of these interfaces are the same, and include:
a.
Enable Interface: Choose Yes to enable this network interface (Fast
Ethernet, Gigabit 1 or Gigabit 2), or choose No to disable the
interface.
b. Allow Management on Interface: Choose Yes to allow management
of this Array via the selected network interface, or choose No to deny
all management privileges for this interface.
c.
Auto Negotiate: This feature allows the Array to negotiate the best
transmission rates automatically. Choose Yes to enable this feature, or
choose No to disable this feature—the default is enabled. If you
disable the Auto Negotiate feature, you must define the Duplex and
Speed options manually (otherwise these options are not available).
Duplex: Full-duplex refers to the transmission of data in two
directions simultaneously (for example, a telephone is a fullduplex device because both parties can talk and be heard at
the same time). In contrast, half-duplex allows data
transmission in one direction at a time only (for example, a
walkie-talkie is a half-duplex device because it allows only
one party to talk at any one time). If the Auto-Negotiate
feature is disabled, you can manually choose Half or Full
duplex for your data transmission preference.
Speed: If the Auto-Negotiate feature is disabled, you can
manually choose the desired data transmission speed from
the pull-down list, either Fast Ethernet or Gigabit.
d. MTU Size: Specify the MTU (Maximum Transmission Unit) size.
When you specify the MTU, you are defining—in bytes—the largest
physical packet size that the network can transmit. Any messages
larger than the MTU that you specify here are divided into smaller
packets before being sent. The default is 1504 bytes.
82
Configuring the Xirrus Array
Wireless LAN Array
e.
Configuration Server Protocol: Choose DHCP to instruct the Array
to use DHCP when assigning IP addresses to the Array, or choose
Static IP if you intend to enter IP addresses manually.
IP Address: If you selected the Static IP option, enter a valid
IP address for the Array. To use any of the remote
connections (Web, SNMP, or SSH), a valid IP address must be
established.
IP Subnet Mask: If you selected the Static IP option, enter a
valid IP address for the subnet mask (the default for Class C
is 255.255.255.0). The subnet mask defines the number of IP
addresses that are available on the routed subnet where the
Array is located.
Default Gateway: If you selected the Static IP option, enter a
valid IP address for the default gateway. This is the IP
address of the router that the Array uses to transmit data to
other networks.
2.
Click on the Apply button to apply the new settings to this session.
3.
Click on the Save button to save your changes (otherwise your new
settings will not take effect).
Configuring the Xirrus Array
83
Wireless LAN Array
Network Statistics
This is a status only page that allows you to review statistical data associated with
each network interface and its activity. You can Refresh the data (update the page
with the latest information) or Clear the data (reset all content to zero and begin
counting again) at any time by clicking on the appropriate button. If you are
experiencing problems, you may also want to print this page for your records.
Figure 59. WMI: Network Statistics Page
84
Configuring the Xirrus Array
Wireless LAN Array
DHCP Settings
This page allows you to enable/disable DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration
Protocol) server functionality. DHCP allows the Array to provide wireless clients
with IP addresses and other networking information. The DHCP server will not
provide DHCP services to the wired side of the network.
If you enable the DHCP server, you need to define the DHCP lease time (default
and maximum) and establish the IP address range that the DHCP server can use.
When finished, click on the Apply button to apply the new settings to this
session, then click on the Save button to save your changes.
Figure 60. WMI: DHCP Settings Page
Configuring the Xirrus Array
85
Wireless LAN Array
Procedure for Configuring the DHCP Server
86
1.
Enable DHCP Server: Choose Yes to enable DHCP services, or choose
No to disable DHCP services.
2.
Default Lease (seconds): This field defines the default DHCP lease time
(in seconds). The factory default is 300 seconds, but you can change the
default at any time.
3.
Maximum Lease (seconds): Enter a value (in seconds) to define the
maximum allowable DHCP lease time. The default is 300 seconds.
4.
Starting IP Range: Enter an IP address to define the start of the IP range
that will be used by the DHCP server. The default is 192.168.1.100.
5.
End IP Range: Enter an IP address to define the end of the IP range that
will be used by the DHCP server. The DHCP server will only use IP
addresses that fall between the start and end range that you define on this
page. The default is 192.168.1.200.
6.
Click on the Apply button to apply the new settings to this session.
7.
Click on the Save button to save your changes (otherwise your new
settings will not take effect).
Configuring the Xirrus Array
Wireless LAN Array
DNS Settings
This page allows you to establish your DNS (Domain Name System) settings. At
least one DNS server must be set up if you want to offer clients associating with
the Array the ability to use meaningful host names instead of numerical IP
addresses. When finished, click on the Apply button to apply the new settings to
this session, then click on the Save button to save your changes.
Figure 61. WMI: DNS Settings Page
Configuring the Xirrus Array
87
Wireless LAN Array
Procedure for Configuring DNS Servers
88
1.
DNS Host Name: Enter a valid DNS host name.
2.
DNS Domain: Enter the DNS domain name.
3.
DNS Server 1: Enter the IP address of the primary DNS server.
4.
DNS Server 2: Enter the IP address of the secondary DNS server.
5.
DNS Server 3: Enter the IP address of the tertiary DNS server.
6.
Click on the Apply button to apply the new settings to this session.
7.
Click on the Save button to save your changes (otherwise your new
settings will not take effect).
Configuring the Xirrus Array
Wireless LAN Array
IAP Interfaces
This is a status only page that allows you to review configuration data associated
with each Integrated Access Point (radio). It includes a list of which IAP radios
are enabled, the channel that each radio is currently using, cell sizes, and how
many users are currently associated with each radio. There are no configuration
options available on this page, but if you are experiencing problems or simply
reviewing the radio assignments, you may want to print this page for your
records.
You can click on any item in the IAP column to “jump” to the associated
configuration page.
Figure 62. WMI: IAP Interfaces Page
Configuring the Xirrus Array
89
Wireless LAN Array
IAP Settings
This page allows you to enable/disable Integrated Access Points (radios), define
the wireless mode for each radio, specify the channel to be used and the cell size
for each radio, establish transmit/receive parameters, and select antennas. When
finished, click on the Apply button to apply the new settings to this session, then
click on the Save button to save your changes. To see a diagram of the layout and
naming of radios, go to Figure 6 on page 10.
Figure 63. WMI: IAP Settings Page
90
Configuring the Xirrus Array
Wireless LAN Array
Procedure for Auto Configuring IAPs (Radios)
You can auto-configure radios by clicking on the Auto Configure button on the
relevant WMI page (auto configuration only applies to enabled radios):
For all radios, go to the “Global Settings” on page 93.
For all 802.11a radios, go to the “Global Settings .11a” on page 96.
For all 802.11b/g radios, go to the “Global Settings .11bg” on page 99.
Procedure for Manually Configuring IAPs (Radios)
1.
In the Enabled column, check the box of a corresponding radio to enable
the radio, or uncheck the box if you want to disable the radio.
2.
In the Mode column, select the wireless mode for this
radio from the choices available in the pull-down
menu (either .11a or .11b/g).
3.
In the Channel column, select the channel you want
this radio to use from the channels available in the
pull-down list.
The sample pull-down list shown here is for the abg2
radio with its mode set to .11b/g. Any channels
appearing in this pull-down list that are shown in
RED are not recommended.
4.
In the Cell Size column, choose either Small,
Medium, or Large to define the desired preconfigured cell size, or choose Manual to define the
wireless cell size manually. If you choose Manual,
you must specify the transmit and receive power—in dB—in the Tx
Power dB (transmit) and Rx dB (receive) fields.
The number of users and their applications are major drivers of
bandwidth requirements. The network architect must account for the
number of users within the Array’s cell diameter.
Configuring the Xirrus Array
91
Wireless LAN Array
In a large office, or if multiple Arrays are in use, you should choose Small
cells to achieve a higher data rate, since walls and other objects will not
define the cells naturally.
For additional information about cell sizes, go to “Coverage and Capacity
Planning” on page 25.
5.
In the Antenna Select column, choose the antenna you want this radio to
use from the pull-down list. The list of available antennas will be different
(or no choices will be available), depending on the wireless mode you
selected for the radio.
The sample pull-down list shown here is for
an 11a radio. In cases where the configuration
of the Array limits the antenna choice (for
example, if no external antenna is available),
the Antenna Select column is greyed out.
6.
An optional Description field is provided for each IAP to record specific
notes. To enter a description, double click in the field and enter your text
in the pop-up requestor.
Figure 64. Entering a Description
92
7.
Click on the Apply button to apply the new settings to this session.
8.
Click on the Save button to save your changes (otherwise your new
settings will not take effect at the next reboot).
Configuring the Xirrus Array
Wireless LAN Array
Global Settings
This page allows you to establish global IAP (radio) settings. Global IAP settings
include enabling or disabling all radios (regardless of their operating mode), autoconfiguring channel allocations, enabling or disabling the Beacon World Mode
and EDCF, specifying the short and long retry limits, and defining the beacon
interval and DTIM period. Changes you make on this page are applied to all IAPs
(radios), without exception.
Figure 65. WMI: Global Settings Page
Configuring the Xirrus Array
93
Wireless LAN Array
Procedure for Configuring Global IAP Settings
94
1.
IAP Status: Click on the Enable All IAPs button to enable all radios for
this Array, or click on the Disable All IAPs button to disable all radios.
2.
Channel Configuration: Click on the Auto Configure button to instruct
the Array to determine the best channel allocation settings for each radio
and select the channel automatically, based on changes in the
environment. This is the recommended method for channel allocations.
3.
Auto Channel Configuration Mode: This option allows you to instruct
the Array to auto-configure channel selection for each enabled IAP when
the Array is powered up. Choose On Array PowerUp to enable this
feature, or choose Disabled to disable this feature.
4.
Auto Configure on Time: This option allows you to instruct the Array to
auto-configure channel selection for each enabled IAP at a time you
specify here (in hours and minutes, using the format: hh:mm). Leave this
field blank unless you want to specify a time at which the autoconfiguration utility is initiated.
5.
Short Retry Limit: This attribute indicates the maximum number of
transmission attempts for a frame, the length of which is less than or
equal to the RTS Threshold, before a failure condition is indicated. The
default value is 7. Enter a new value (1 to 128) in the Short Retry Limit
field if you want to increase or decrease this attribute.
6.
Long Retry Limit: This attribute indicates the maximum number of
transmission attempts for a frame, the length of which is greater than the
RTS Threshold, before a failure condition is indicated. The default value
is 4. Enter a new value (1 to 128) in the Long Retry Limit field if you want
to increase or decrease this attribute.
7.
Beacon Interval: When the XS-3900 sends a beacon, it includes with it a
beacon interval, which specifies the period of time before it will send the
beacon again. Enter the desired value in the Beacon Interval field,
between 20 and 1000. The value you enter here is applied to all radios.
Configuring the Xirrus Array
Wireless LAN Array
8.
DTIM Period: A DTIM (Delivery Traffic Indication Message) is a signal
sent as part of a beacon by the Array to a client device in sleep mode,
alerting the device to a packet awaiting delivery. Enter the desired value
in the DTIM Period field, between 1 and 255. The value you enter here is
applied to all radios.
9.
Station Re-Authentication Period: This option allows you to specify a
time (in seconds) for the duration of station reauthentications.
10. Station Timeout Period: Specify a time (in seconds) in this field to define
the timeout period for station associations.
11. Max Station Association per IAP: This option allows you to define how
many station associations are allowed per IAP (up to 64 stations per IAP).
12. Block Intra-Station Traffic: This option allows you to block or allow
traffic between wireless clients that are associated to the Array.
13. Load Balancing: This option enables or disables active load balancing
between the Array IAPs.
14. Click on the Apply button to apply the new settings to this session.
15. Click on the Save button to save your changes (otherwise your new
settings will not take effect).
Configuring the Xirrus Array
95
Wireless LAN Array
Global Settings .11a
This page allows you to establish global 802.11a IAP (radio) settings. These
settings include defining which 802.11a data rates are supported, enabling or
disabling all 802.11a radios, auto-configuration of channel allocations for all
802.11a radios, and specifying the fragmentation and RTS thresholds for all
802.11a radios.
Figure 66. WMI: Global Settings .11a Page
96
Configuring the Xirrus Array
Wireless LAN Array
Procedure for Configuring Global 802.11a IAP Settings
1.
802.11a Data Rates: The Array allows you to define which data rates are
supported for all 802.11a radios.
Figure 67. Specifying 802.11a Data Rates
Select (or deselect) data rates by clicking in the corresponding Supported
and Basic data rate check boxes.
Basic Rate—a wireless station (client) must support this rate in
order to associate.
Supported Rate—the Array will use this data rate for
transmissions to clients.
2.
Optimize Data Rates: The Xirrus Wireless LAN Array can optimize your
802.11a data rates automatically, based on range or throughput. Click on
the Range button to optimize data rates based on range, or click on the
Throughput button to optimize data rates based on throughput. The
Restore Default Rates button will take you back to the factory default
rate settings.
3.
802.11a IAP Status: Click on the Enable 802.11a IAPs button to enable all
802.11a radios for this Array, or click on the Disable 802.11a IAPs button
to disable all 802.11a radios.
Configuring the Xirrus Array
97
Wireless LAN Array
98
4.
Channel Configuration: Click on the Auto Configure button to instruct
the Array to determine the best channel allocation settings for each
802.11a radio and select the channel automatically, based on changes in
the environment. This is the recommended method for 802.11a channel
allocations.
5.
Set Cell Size: The Cell Size may be set globally for all 802.11a IAPs to
Large, Medium, or Small using a drop down menu.
6.
Fragmentation Threshold: This is the maximum size for directed data
packets transmitted over the 802.11a radio. Larger frames fragment into
several packets, their maximum size defined by the value you enter here.
Smaller fragmentation numbers can help to “squeeze” packets through in
noisy environments. Enter the desired Fragmentation Threshold value in
this field, between 256 and 2346).
7.
RTS Threshold: The RTS (Request To Send) Threshold specifies the
packet size. Packets larger than the RTS threshold will use CTS/RTS prior
to transmitting the packet—useful for larger packets to help ensure the
success of their transmission. Enter a value between 1 and 2347.
8.
Click on the Apply button to apply the new settings to this session.
9.
Click on the Save button to save your changes (otherwise your new
settings will not take effect).
Configuring the Xirrus Array
Wireless LAN Array
Global Settings .11bg
This page allows you to establish global 802.11b/g IAP (radio) settings. These
settings include defining which 802.11b and 802.11g data rates are supported,
enabling or disabling all 802.11b/g radios, auto-configuration of channel
allocations for all 802.11b/g radios, and specifying the fragmentation and RTS
thresholds for all 802.11b/g radios.
Figure 68. WMI: Global Settings .11bg Page
Configuring the Xirrus Array
99
Wireless LAN Array
Procedure for Configuring Global 802.11b/g IAP Settings
1.
802.11g Data Rates: The Array allows you to define which data rates are
supported for all 802.11g radios.
Figure 69. Specifying 802.11g Data Rates
Select (or deselect) data rates by clicking in the corresponding Supported
and Basic data rate check boxes.
2.
Basic Rate—a wireless station (client) must support this rate in
order to associate.
Supported Rate—the Array will use this data rate for
transmissions to clients.
802.11b Data Rates: This task is similar to Step 1, but these data rates
apply only to 802.11b radios.
Figure 70. Specifying 802.11b Data Rates
100
Configuring the Xirrus Array
Wireless LAN Array
3.
Optimize Data Rates: The Xirrus Wireless LAN Array can optimize your
802.11b/g data rates automatically, based on range or throughput. Click
on the Range button to optimize data rates based on range, or click on the
Throughput button to optimize data rates based on throughput. The
Restore Default Rates button will take you back to the factory default
rate settings.
4.
802.11bg IAP Status: Click on the Enable 802.11b/g IAPs button to enable
all 802.11b/g radios for this Array, or click on the Disable 802.11b/g IAPs
button to disable all 802.11b/g radios.
5.
Channel Configuration: Click on the Auto Configure button to instruct
the Array to determine the best channel allocation settings for each
802.11b/g radio and select the channel automatically, based on changes in
the environment. This is the recommended method for 802.11b/g channel
allocations.
6.
Set Cell Size: The Cell Size may be set globally for all 802.11a IAPs to
Large, Medium, or Small via a drop down menu.
7.
802.11g Only: Select On if you want to restrict use to 802.11g mode only.
In this mode, no 802.11b rates are transmitted. Also, stations that only
support 802.11b will not be able to associate.
8.
802.11g Protection: Select Auto to provide automatic protection for all
802.11g radios.
9.
802.11g Slot: Select Auto to instruct the Array to manage the 802.11g slot
times automatically, or choose Short Only. Xirrus recommends using
Auto for this settings, especially if 802.11b devices are present.
10. 802.11b Preamble: The preamble contains information that the Array and
client devices need when sending and receiving packets. All compliant
802.11b systems have to support the long preamble (a short preamble
improves the efficiency of a network's throughput when transmitting
special data, such as voice, VoIP (Voice-over IP) and streaming video.
Select Auto to instruct the Array to manage the preamble (long and short)
automatically, or choose Long Only.
Configuring the Xirrus Array
101
Wireless LAN Array
11. Fragmentation Threshold: This is the maximum size for directed data
packets transmitted over the 802.11b/g radio. Larger frames fragment
into several packets, their maximum size defined by the value you enter
here. Enter the desired Fragmentation Threshold value in this field,
between 256 and 2346).
12. RTS Threshold: The RTS (Request To Send) Threshold specifies the
packet size. Packets larger than the RTS threshold will use CTS/RTS prior
to transmitting the packet—useful for larger packets to help ensure the
success of their transmission. Enter a value between 1 and 2347.
13. Click on the Apply button to apply the new settings to this session.
14. Click on the Save button to save your changes (otherwise your new
settings will not take effect).
102
Configuring the Xirrus Array
Wireless LAN Array
IAP LED Settings
This page allows you to set up the Array’s IAP LEDs, including the assignment of
behavior preferences.
Figure 71. WMI: IAP LED Settings Page
Procedure for Configuring the IAP LEDs
1.
LED State: This option determines which event triggers the LEDs, either
when a radio is enabled or when a radio first associates with the network.
Choose On Radio Enabled or On First Association, as desired.
2.
LED Blink Behavior: This option allows you to select when the IAP LEDs
blink, based on the activities you check here. From the choices available,
select one or more activities to trigger when the LEDs blink.
3.
Click on the Apply button to apply the new settings to this session, then
click on the Save button to save your changes.
Configuring the Xirrus Array
103
Wireless LAN Array
Statistics
This is a status only page that provides an overview of the statistical data
associated with individual radios. For more detailed information about a specific
radio, simply click on any radio in the left column, or go to the statistics page for
the desired radio (for example, Statistics IAP abg4). You can Refresh or Clear the
data on this page at any time by clicking on the appropriate button.
Figure 72. WMI: Statistics Page
104
Configuring the Xirrus Array
Wireless LAN Array
Statistics (for specific radios)
These pages provide a detailed statistical summary of each radio’s performance,
displayed either numerically or by percentage (your choice). The following image
shows an example from the XS-3700 product of the Statistics IAP a4 page (for the
a4 radio).
The default Statistics Type is NUMERIC, but you can change this to
PERCENTAGE from the pull-down menu at the top of the page. In addition, you
can Refresh or Clear the data on this page at any time by clicking on the
appropriate button.
Figure 73. WMI: Statistics for IAP a4 Page (XS-3700)
Configuring the Xirrus Array
105

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