Carlson Wireless Technologies I-WLL Wireless Local Loop Extender (Digital Remote Phone User Manual i WLL Manual

Carlson Wireless Technologies Inc Wireless Local Loop Extender (Digital Remote Phone i WLL Manual

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Carlson Wireless USA revision 1.05 Page 20

CARLSON WIRELESS TELEPHONE, Inc.

CARLSON WIRELESS USA

USA Headquarters:

1150 Evergreen Road

P.O. Box 2400

Redway, CA 95560 USA

Tel: +1 707 923 9593

Fax: +1 707 923 1913

Email sales@wireless-telephone.com

DISTRIBUTED BY:

Publication date – Oct 99

About Carlson Wireless Telephone Inc.

Carlson Wireless Telephone, Inc. was formed in March 1999 as

a privately held corporation based in Redway, California. Carlson

Wireless Telephone (CWT) is dedicated to designing, manufac-

turing and marketing state-of-the-art digital WLL (wireless local

loop) telephone systems that provide high-quality voice and data

for rural and remote telephone users worldwide.

CWT was founded by James Carlson following a 15-month prod-

uct development by a team of engineers at Carlson Engineering

Services (CES), a private engineering design firm. In 1999 CWT

purchased the rights to the digital wireless telephone system de-

signed by CES. CWT will market and manufacture the product,

which has been named "The i-WLL Internet-Ready, All-Digital

Wireless Remote Telephone Link."

CWT is marketing the i-WLL product through established tele-

com and wireless equipment distributors. Please contact our

sales department +1 707 923 9593, or sales@wireless-

telephone.com for more information.

Carlson Wireless USA revision 1.05 Page 1

INSTALLATION & OPERATING MANUAL

MODEL NO. i-WLL-15

Caution! - Please read the sections on Un-

packing, Planning, and Installation before

installing this equipment

Carlson Wireless USA revision 1.05 Page 2

i-WLL, the i-WLL logo , Carlson Wireless USA, and the Carlson Wire-

less logo are registered trademarks of Carlson Wireless Telephone Inc.

Any trademarks, trade names, service marks, or service names owned

or registered by any other company and used in this manual are the

The employees and shareholders of Carlson Wireless Telephone Inc.

wish to thank you for your purchase of the i-WLL product. For more in-

formation about the company, see our web site at http://www.wireless-

telephone.com

Carlson Wireless USA revision 1.05 Page 19

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Carlson Wireless USA revision 1.05 Page 18

Carlson Wireless USA Limited Warranty

Carlson Wireless Telephone (CWT) or Carlson Wireless USA, Collectively

referred to as "Carlson“) will repair this product with new or rebuilt parts,

free of charge, in the USA or Puerto Rico for two (2) years from the date of

original purchase in the event of a defect in material or workmanship. Mail-

in service in the USA can be obtained during the warranty period from a

Carlson Factory Service center by calling +1-707-923 9593, for a RMA

(Return Materials Authorization) number and mail your product adequately

packed, postage paid and insured to the address provided. This warranty is

extended only to the original purchaser. A purchase receipt or other proof of

date of original purchase will be required before warranty performance is

rendered. This warranty only covers failures due to defects in materials or

workmanship which occur during normal use. It does not cover damage

which occurs in shipment or failures which are caused by products not sup-

plied by Carlson or failures which result from accident, misuse, abuse, ne-

glect, mishandling, misapplication, alteration. modification, lightning, line

power surge, introduction of sand, dust, humidity and liquids or commercial

use of the product, or service by anyone other than a Carlson Factory Serv-

ice center or authorized Carlson Service center, or damage that is attribut-

able to acts of God.

Limits and Exclusions

There are no express warranties except as listed above.

CARLSON SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUEN-

TIAL DAMAGES RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THIS PRODUCT, OR

ARISING OUT OF ANY BREACH OF THIS WARRANTY. ALL EXPRESS

AND IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING THE WARRANTIES OF MER-

CHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, ARE

LIMITED TO THE APPLICABLE WARRANTY PERIOD SET FORTH

ABOVE.

Some states do not allow the exclusion or limitation of incidental or conse-

quential damages, or limitations on how long an implied warranty lasts, so

the above exclusions or limitations may not apply to you. This warranty

gives you specific legal rights and you may also have other rights which

vary from state to state. If a problem with this product develops during or

after the warranty period you may contact your dealer or Service center. If

the problem is not handled to your satisfaction, fax, phone, or write the

company at the address indicated in the service section of this manual.

Carlson Wireless USA revision 1.05 Page 3

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SCOPE OF MANUAL 4

UNPACKING 4

PRODUCT OVERVIEW 4

SYSTEM PLANNING 6

INSTALLATION 8

TROUBLESHOOTING 11

SPECIFICATIONS 12

PARTS LIST 14

CUSTOMER INFORMATION 16

WARRANTY 18

Carlson Wireless USA revision 1.05 Page 4

UNPACKING

The i-WLL-15 system will arrive in one box approximately 32 x 16x 9 inches

(80 x 40 x 23 cm). Small amounts of feed cable and power supplies may also

be included in this box if ordered.

Caution!

1. There are 2 large U-bolts holding the outer housing to the mounting plate of

each system. The fasteners on these are self locking nuts. DO NOT TURN

OR ROTATE THESE NUTS. They are set to a specific torque and if over-

torqued the housing will distort potentially damaging the electronic modules

inside.

2. DO NOT REMOVE THE FRONT END CAP. The seal is not lubricated for

removal and reinstallation. All of the electronics and antenna assembly are

serviced though the rear (mount-side) end cap.

SCOPE OF MANUAL

This manual is designed to support the installation, operation and mainte-

nance of the i-WLL–15 All-Digital Remote Wireless Telephone Link. To avoid

harm to persons or damage to the product please ensure that you have read

through the unpacking and installation sections before proceeding.

PRODUCT OVERVIEW

The i-WLL All-Digital, Internet-Ready, Remote Phone Link is a dual line,

point-to-point, spread spectrum telephone system that delivers v.34 data

rates, providing email and the Internet to your remote PC - as well as high-

quality voice! And both lines are fully independent and will transmit either

voice or data.

Carlson Wireless USA revision 1.05 Page 17

Radio interference

Carlson Wireless USA Model: i-WLL-15

This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to

the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interfer-

ence, and (2) This device must accept any interference received, including

interference that may cause undesired operation. Changes of modification not

expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the

user’s authority to operate the equipment.

Notification to the telephone company cont’d

The REN is useful to determine the quantity of devices you may connect to

your telephone line and still have all of those devices ring when you telephone

number is called. In most, but not all, areas, the sum of the REN’s of all de-

vices connected to one line should not exceed five (5.0).

To be certain of the number of devices you may connect to your telephone

line , as determined by the REN, you should call your local telephone com-

pany to determine the maximum REN for your calling area.

Jack Types Needed

Connection to the telephone network should be made by using standard

modular telephone jack types (USOC) RJ11C or RJ11W.

Incidence of Harm

If your telephone equipment cause harm to the telephone network, the tele-

phone company may disconnect your service temporarily. If possible, they

will notify you in advance. But if advance notice is not practical, you will be

notified as soon as possible. You will be informed of your right to file a com-

pliant with the FCC.

Rights of the Telephone Company

Your telephone company may make change in it’s facilities, equipment, op-

erations or procedures that could affect the proper functioning of your equip-

ment. If they do, you will be notified in advance to give you an opportunity to

maintain uninterrupted telephone service.

Coin Service or Party Use Line

This equipment may not be used on the coin service provided by the tele-

phone company. Connection to party lines is subject to state tariffs.

Carlson Wireless USA revision 1.05 Page 16

Consumer and US Regulatory Information

Connection to the telephone network

1. The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) has established rules

which permits this device to be directly connected to the telephone network.

2. If this device is malfunctioning, it may also be causing harm to the tele-

phone network; this device should be disconnected until the source of the

problem can be determined and until repair has been made. If this is not

done, the telephone company may temporarily disconnect service.

3. The telephone company may make changes in its technical operations

and procedures; if such changes affect the compatibility or use of this device,

the telephone company is required to give adequate notice of the changes.

4. If the telephone company requests information on what equipment is con-

nected to their lines, inform them of:

(a) The telephone number that the unit is connected to

(b) The ringer equivalence number

(d) The FCC Registration number

Item (b) and (c) are indicated on the label.

5. In the event of equipment malfunction, all repairs should be performed by

our company or an authorized agent. It is the responsibility of users requiring

services to report the need for service to our company or to one of our author-

ized agents.

Service can be obtained at: Carlson Wireless Telephone Inc.,

1150 Evergreen Road

P.O. Box 2400,

Redway, CA 95560 USA,

Tel: +1 707 923 9593

FCC Reg No., Part 68 BMD USA – 27773-PT-E

Notification to the telephone company

The equipment complies with Part 68 of the FCC rules. You will find the label

located on the device. This label contains the FCC Registration Number and

the Ringer Equivalence Number ((REN) for this equipment. You must, upon

request, provide this information to your telephone company.

Carlson Wireless USA revision 1.05 Page 5

The i-WLL breakthrough offers many advantages not found in the market to-

day:

•Never needs tuning because i-WLL is a 100% digital, self-configuring,

eight channel system. This simplifies installation and greatly reduces the

need for maintenance and service over time.

•Complete privacy is assured by the fully encrypted, spread-spectrum

modulation scheme.

•Highly efficient spectrum use from a unique combination of FDMA and

CDMA.

•Seamless integration with the global telephone network assured by i-

WLL’s worldwide ISDN system architecture with full 144 kbps bandwidth.

•No individual license needed for operation - i-WLL uses the globally li-

cense-free 2.4 GHz ISM frequency band.

•Flexible voltage – low power usage - just 3 to 6 Watts at any DC voltage

between 12 and 55V.

•Small, lightweight, self-contained units make i-WLL easy to install - no

special expertise needed. i-WLL FXO (central office) and FXS

(subscriber) units - which include all electronics, antenna and RF ca-

bling - are housed in a weatherproof enclosure 4.5" in diameter by 30"

long (11.5 x 76.2 cm) .

Carlson Wireless USA revision 1.05 Page 6

SYSTEM PLANNING

Certain requirements are necessary for the i-WLL-15 system to function.

(1) A radio path with losses fitting within the capacity of the system.

We have a chart showing various antenna and distance combinations.

What’s an acceptable “Link Margin“? An accepted theory is that 10 dB of

fade margin will deliver a 90% reliability and 20 dB will deliver a 99% reliability

etc.. There are other factors that affect this including vertical or horizontal po-

larization. At 2.4 GHz there is only a small ground wave component involved

in the radio propagation. This means that the above numbers are presuming

clear LOS (line of sight). Multi-path occurs when a reflector such as earth’s

terrain or man made structures cause additional delayed signals to be re-

ceived. If a signal was delayed 180 degrees out of phase with the line of sight

signal, and the magnitudes are the same, they will cancel out completely! In

the real world, if you do have line of sight path, multi-path degradation is the

reason why you need a minimum of 6 to 10 dB of margin. If you don’t have

line of sight, multi-path could easily cause 20 dB of degradation.

Distance Distance Model Path Loss ERP Link Margin

in Miles in km in dB in dBm

1.5 2.4 I-WLL-15 108 27 27

2.0 3.2 I-WLL-15 110 27 25

5.0 8.0 I-WLL-15 118 27 17

7.0 11.3 I-WLL-15 121 27 14

8.0 12.9 I-WLL-15 122 27 13

8.0 12.9 I-WLL-25 122 29 17

10.0 16.1 I-WLL-15 124 27 11

10.0 16.1 I-WLL-25 124 29 15

12.0 19.3 I-WLL-25 126 29 13

15.0 24.1 I-WLL-25 128 29 11

20.0 32.2 I-WLL-35 130 36 24

25.0 40.2 I-WLL-35 132 36 22

50.0 80.5 I-WLL-35 138 36 16

Fade Margin Chart

Carlson Wireless USA revision 1.05 Page 15

PARTS LIST i-WLL-15

PART-REV # DESCRIPTION

19 – L PCB, LINE INTERFACE & POWER REGULATOR

18 – S PCB, DIGITAL TOP

17 – B MOUNT, FRONT ANTENNA

16 – (RESERVED)

15 – (RESERVED)

14 – G U-BOLT, 2-3/4 INCH

13 – E CLAMP BASE, 2 3/4 INCH

12 – B U-BOLT, 4-1/2 INCH

11 – C END CAP, FRONT

10 – (RESERVED)

09 – A RING, RETAINING

08 – G BRACKET, SADDLE

07 – G PLATE, MOUNTING

06 – B GRIP, CABLE & SEALING GLAND

05 – C O-RING 1/8 x 3.50 x 3.75

04 – B ANTENNA, 16 ELEMENT 13.5 dB GAIN

03 – D SHIELD, INNER SS

02 – D HOUSING, OUTER

01 – E END CAP, REAR

Carlson Wireless USA revision 1.05 Page 14 Carlson Wireless USA revision 1.05 Page 7

(2) Other users of the 2.400 to 2.483 GHz ISM band.

The ISM or Industrial, Scientific, and Medical band, is shared with many other

type of services. Fortunately most of the users are located in urban areas,

leaving sharing concerns down to consumer microwave ovens and other

spread spectrum rural telephone users. The I-WLL-15 system has divided the

ISM band into 8 sub-bands or channels. One channel is used for system ad-

ministration with the system then randomly selecting 1 of the 7 remaining

channels for operation. The functionality of the i-WLL–15 system de-

pends on the existing and forecasted spectrum usage in the radio

path. Due to the characteristics of the spread spectrum radio, the ITU

(International Telecommunication Union) was able to coordinate this band

globally for unlicensed use. This means that any user has to accept all other

users in this band, interfering or not.

(3) Availability of telephone service and power.

The I-WLL-15 system consists of two units. One is designed to connect to

the standard phone lines provided by a local telephone company office (FXO

side) and the other connects to the telephone instruments such as; DTMF

(touch tone) telephones, fax machines, and computer modems (FXS side) via

individually twisted pair phone/data cable. The system is very flexible about

voltage requirements. 12 to 55 Volts DC with the current being inversely pro-

portional to the voltage, the power use being approximately 3 Watts for the

FXO side, in any state, and 3 to 6 Watts for the FXS side depending on us-

age state. We recommend over-sizing the supply by 1.5 to 2 times. Depend-

ing on the length, most installations can use 4 twisted pair, #22 AWG feed

cable. This will drop about 1 volt per 100 feet of length. To allow for most any

voltage drop situation we recommend 24 volt, 500 mA power supplies. Using

non-twisted IW or Quad phone wiring will result in cross-talk between

lines.

(4) Mounting structure.

Warning! Use extreme caution to avoid contact with any high voltage

power lines when constructing antenna structures!

The enclosure is designed to mount on a steel vertical pipe, commonly known

in North America as 1 to 2 inch pipe ( 2.5 to 5 cm ), with an actual outside

diameter of 1.3 to 2.5 inches ( 3 to 6 cm ). This mast must not move signifi-

cantly in any anticipated wind and must be connected with a short copper #8

AWG wire to a copper clad ground rod driven at least 6 feet (2m) into moist

earth.

Carlson Wireless USA revision 1.05 Page 8

INSTALLATION

Note that the installation of the FXO and FSO units are similar

(1) Connecting the feed cable to the outside unit. On the mounting end of

the tube there is an end cap with a weather sealing clamp. This allows the

feed cable the penetrate the housing and remain sealed to outside weather.

Begin with the removal of the rear end cap by using a coin as a wedge and

working your way around the tube until the end cap pops off. Inside the end is

the electronics assembly consisting of the printed circuit boards and inte-

grated antenna. There are two screw down terminal blocks on the exposed

end. One block has 2 connections and it is where the DC power supply con-

nects. The other block has 4 connections, for telephone lines 1 and 2. The

following diagram shows how to wire the connectors. Make sure to hand

tighten only the weather sealing cord grip.

Note: Make sure that the antenna elements are vertical or perpen-

TIMESAVER TIP! By installing the FXO unit first, you can test the sys-

tem locally by temporarily connecting the FXS unit up at the FXO site and

proving your connections. This can greatly simplify any trouble shooting you

may have later.

Carlson Wireless USA revision 1.05 Page 13

POWER REQUIREMENTS & CONSUMPTION

Filtered DC 12 to 48 volts

Absolute Maximum / Minimum 10 to 55 volts

Sub End, On-Hook 3 Watts max

Sub End, 2 Lines Off-Hook 6 Watts max

Base End - On or Off-Hook 3 Watts max

RF PERFORMANCE

Frequency Range 2400 to 2483.5 MHz

RF Channels 7+1 (admin)

Spreading Method Direct Sequence

Modulation BPSK

PN Bit Length 16

Processing Gain 12.04 dB

ERP (Effective Radiated Power) +28.5 dBm

Receive Sensitivity -93 dBm @10-6 BER

System Range 10 miles (16.1 km)

PHYSICAL & ENVIRONMENTAL SPECIFICATIONS

Enclosure Material ABS weather sealed plastic

Dimensions ( inches) 4 1/2 diameter x 30 in length

Dimensions (cm) 11 diameter x 76 in length

Shipping Weight (system complete) 24 lbs (11 kg)

Operating Temp -30 to +65 degrees C

Humidity 10 to 95% non-condensing

Shock and Vibration Mil standard 810 D

Exposure to the Elements Nema 4X, all except submerged

WARRANTY 2 years parts and labor - see detail

CERTIFICATIONS AND REGULATORY

FCC Reg No., Part 68 BMD USA – 27773-PT-E

FCC Reg No., Part 15 OPA-I-WLL, Pending Final

Industry Canada CS-03 3448-10241A

Industry Canada RSS-210 Pending Final

Carlson Wireless USA revision 1.05 Page 12

SPECIFICATIONS

BASEBAND PERFORMANCE

Voice Coding Uncompressed 64 kb/s PCM

Signaling DTMF is passed through

Modem Support up to V.34-1996, (33.6 kb/s)

Fax Support up to G4, unrestricted

Digital Interface Asynchronous, RS-232, DCE

Idle Channel Noise -68 dBm max (20 dBrnCo)

End-to-End System Latency 5 ms typical

NETWORK INTERFACE SPECIFICATIONS - FXO or Central Office

Line Impedance 900 Ohm +2.16 uF, loop start

Maximum Loop Length 1500 Ohms

Ring Equivalent Number 0.5B

Ring Detect 40-110 Vrms, 17-34 Hz

2 Wire Return Loss (ERL) Greater than 20 dB

NETWORK INTERFACE SPECIFICATIONS - FXS or Subscriber

Line Impedance 600 Ohm, loop start

Loop Current 27 mA fixed

Maximum Loop Length 600 Ohms

Ringing Voltage 86 Vrms Modified Square Wave

Ringing Frequency 20 Hz standard., 16, 25 Hz opt

Ringing Load 5 REN-B max (5 Watts)

2 Wire Return Loss (ERL) Greater than 20 dB

Carlson Wireless USA revision 1.05 Page 9

(3) Lightning protection. Grounding of the drain wire: For feed cable runs of

less than 35 feet (10m) and not located in a highly active lightning area, con-

necting the bare drain wire to a copper clad ground rod driven at least 6 feet

(2m) into moist earth with a short copper #8 AWG wire at the point of the ter-

minal block may suffice. The antenna mast must also be grounded in the

same fashion by a separate grounding rod. However if the run is longer than

35 feet or the location is in a highly active lightning area then a standard 3

way gas tube protector must be added. Connecting information on this device

is provided by it’s manufacturer.

(2) Connecting the feed cable to the inside equipment.

Inside the building the feed cable is brought out to a terminal block consisting

of 4 pairs of screw down connections. The following diagram shows how to

wire the connectors.

Carlson Wireless USA revision 1.05 Page 10

(4) Rough alignment. This is usually easier then it would seem. Since it is a

prerequisite that you have line of sight between the two points, here are sev-

eral ideas that have worked for installers:

(1) If you can see the other unit, simply aim the tubes towards each other. (2)

During midday, use a large mirror to create a bright reflection approximately

towards the other site while someone watches for the flash.

(3) Plot out the path on a topo map and set the antennas using a compass.

How close in alignment do they need to be? +/- 10 degrees will be ade-

quate for most paths using the 13.5 dB gain antenna. Certain paths that have

a low fade margin may require a more accurate setting.

Final alignment. This is usually done by connecting a standard cordless

phone to the FXS or FXO end, and then give a best guess to the direction,

establish a connection and rotating the antennas both right and left noting the

points where the signal disappears, (assuming that it does) and then center-

ing them between those cutoff points.

Remember to leave the antenna elements vertical, or perpendicular to

the ground for best performance

Carlson Wireless USA revision 1.05 Page 11

TROUBLESHOOTING

The outcome of the installation is dependent on the weakest link.

Five things are paramount to his system working well:

(1) An acceptable radio path

(2) Other users of the 2.4 GHz ISM band.

(3) Customer’s wiring of power and telephone circuits

(4) Antenna alignment within +/- 10 degrees for i-WLL-15

(5) Quality of the telephone lines from the telephone company

(6) Quality of the power supplies.

If the system appears dead, with no tones audible on the subscriber phone,

look for a wiring fault. You can test for loop voltage at the FXS end by meas-

uring the voltage on line 1 and line 2. Each should be 30 VDC. Next would be

checking the DC current used by each unit. For example the sub unit with 16

Volts provided should draw (3W / 16V) ~200 mA. at idle and ~400 mA with

both lines off hook. This test is very useful to prove out the wiring.

Next, it will be important to confirm that a local test at the FXO base site was

done. If not, you will need to bring the FXS unit back to the base site and

temporarily connect the FXS unit up and confirm proper local operation.

If the system cuts in and out, or fails to draw dial tone, look for an alignment

problem or path obstruction. Also you should check to see that the antenna

elements are vertical to earth, and if not in a rural area you may have a con-

gested frequency band.

If you are having cross-talk between lines, examine the phone cabling making

sure it is individually twisted pairs, preferably with a Category 5 rating.

Software Updates: Inappropriate operations (bugs) reported by users will be

evaluated by the engineering department. Fixes will be available from our web

site with instructions

If after checking the above, you are still having problems please contact our

sales dept. for technical assistance by phone or email. A note about the

power supplies: The FXO unit will draw 2-3W off hook or idle. The sub will

draw 3W idle and 6W with both lines off hook. We suggest over-sizing the

supplies by 2 times. For example a 12 volt filtered DC wall transformer supply

@ 1.00 Amp (12W) or even better a 24 volt filtered DC @ 500 mA. (12W).

They are much more likely to survive power fluctuations and high tempera-