Casio Fx 570EX_fx991EX 570_991EX 570 991EX EN

User Manual: Casio fx-570_991EX fx-570EX, fx-991EX | Calculators | Manuals | CASIO

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EN

fx-991EX

fx-570EX

http://edu.casio.com

User’s Guide

RJA532432-001V01

CASIO Worldwide Education Website

Be sure to keep all user documentation handy for future

reference.

CONTENTS

About this Manual......................................................................................2

Initializing the Calculator........................................................................... 2

Precautions................................................................................................2

Getting Started.......................................................................................... 3

Calculation Mode.......................................................................................4

Input and Output Formats......................................................................... 5

Configuring the Calculator Setup.............................................................. 6

Inputting Expressions and Values............................................................. 8

Toggling Calculation Results................................................................... 10

Basic Calculations...................................................................................10

Calculation History and Replay............................................................... 12

Using Memory Functions.........................................................................13

Function Calculations.............................................................................. 14

QR Code Function...................................................................................17

Complex Number Calculations................................................................18

Using CALC.............................................................................................18

Using SOLVE........................................................................................... 19

Statistical Calculations.............................................................................20

Base-n Calculations.................................................................................23

Equation Calculations..............................................................................24

Matrix Calculations.................................................................................. 25

Creating a Number Table........................................................................ 27

Vector Calculations..................................................................................28

Inequality Calculations............................................................................ 29

Ratio Calculations....................................................................................30

Distribution Calculations..........................................................................31

Using Spreadsheet..................................................................................33

Scientific Constants.................................................................................37

Metric Conversion....................................................................................37

Errors....................................................................................................... 37

Before Assuming Malfunction of the Calculator.......................................39

Replacing the Battery..............................................................................39

Technical Information...............................................................................40

■■ Frequently Asked Questions ■■.........................................................42

Reference Sheet......................................................................................44

• In no event shall CASIO Computer Co., Ltd. be liable to anyone for

special, collateral, incidental, or consequential damages in connection

with or arising out of the purchase or use of this product and items that

come with it.

• Moreover, CASIO Computer Co., Ltd. shall not be liable for any claim of

any kind whatsoever by any other party arising out of the use of this

product and the items that come with it.

1

About this Manual

• Unless specifically stated, all sample operations in this manual assume

that the calculator is in its initial default setup. Use the procedure under

“Initializing the Calculator” to return the calculator to its initial default

setup.

• The contents of this manual are subject to change without notice.

• The displays and illustrations (such as key markings) shown in this User’s

Guide are for illustrative purposes only, and may differ somewhat from

the actual items they represent.

• Company and product names used in this manual may be registered

trademarks or trademarks of their respective owners.

Initializing the Calculator

Perform the following procedure when you want to initialize the calculator

and return the calculation mode and setup (except for the Contrast setting)

to their initial default settings. Note that this operation also clears all data

currently in calculator memory.

(RESET)(Initialize All)(Yes)

Precautions

Safety Precautions

Battery

• Keep batteries out of the reach of small children.

• Use only the type of battery specified for this calculator in this manual.

Handling Precautions

• Even if the calculator is operating normally, replace the battery at least

once every three years (LR44) or two years (R03 (UM-4)). A dead battery

can leak, causing damage to and malfunction of the calculator. Never

leave a dead battery in the calculator. Do not try using the calculator

while the battery is completely dead (fx-991EX).

• The battery that comes with the calculator discharges slightly during

shipment and storage. Because of this, it may require replacement

sooner than the normal expected battery life.

• Avoid use and storage of the calculator in areas subjected to

temperature extremes, and large amounts of humidity and dust.

• Do not subject the calculator to excessive impact, pressure, or bending.

• Never try to take the calculator apart.

• Use a soft, dry cloth to clean the exterior of the calculator.

• Whenever discarding the calculator or batteries, be sure to do so in

accordance with the laws and regulations in your particular area.

2

Getting Started

Before using the calculator, slide its hard case

downwards to remove it, and then affix the hard

case to the back of the calculator as shown in the

illustration nearby.

Turning Power On and Off

Press  to turn on the calculator. Press

(OFF) to turn off the calculator.

Note: The calculator also will turn off automatically after approximately 10

minutes of non-use. Press the  key to turn the calculator back on.

Adjusting Display Contrast

Display the Contrast screen by performing the key operation below:

(SETUP)(Contrast). Next, use  and  to adjust contrast.

After the setting is the way you want, press .

Important: If adjusting display contrast does not improve display

readability, it probably means that battery power is low. Replace the battery.

Key Markings

Pressing the  or  key followed by a second key

performs the alternate function of the second key. The alternate

function is indicated by the text printed above the key.

(1) Keycap function (2) Alternate function

This color: Means this:

Yellow Press  and then the key to access the

applicable function.

Red

Press  and then the key to input the

applicable variable, constant, function, or

symbol.

Purple (or enclosed in

purple  brackets) Enter the Complex Mode to access the function.

Blue (or enclosed in

blue  brackets) Enter the Base-N Mode to access the function.

Reading the Display

• If a  or  indicator appears on the right side of either the input

expression line or calculation result line, it means the displayed line

continues to the right. Use  and  to scroll the line display. Note that

if you want to scroll the input expression while both the  and 

indicators are displayed, you will need to press  first and then use 

and  to scroll.

3

• The table below describes some of the typical indicators that appear at

the top of the screen.

The keypad has been shifted by pressing the  key. The

keypad will unshift and this indicator will disappear when you

press a key.

The alpha input mode has been entered by pressing the 

key. The alpha input mode will be exited and this indicator

will disappear when you press a key.

//Indicates the current setting of Angle Unit (: Degree, :

Radian, or : Gradian) on the setup menu.

FIX A fixed number of decimal places is in effect.

SCI A fixed number of significant digits is in effect.

MThere is a value stored in independent memory.



The calculator is standing by for input of a variable name to

assign a value to the variable. This indicator appears after

you press .

Indicates that MathI/MathO or MathI/DecimalO is selected for

Input/Output on the setup menu.

The display currently shows an intermediate result of a multi-

statement calculation.



This indicator is displayed while the calculator is being

powered directly by its solar cells, either entirely or in some

combination with the battery. (fx-991EX only)

Using Menus

Some of the operations of this calculator are performed using menus.

Menus are displayed by pressing  or  and then (SETUP).

General menu operation operations are described below.

• You can select a menu item by pressing the number key that

corresponds to the number to its left on the menu screen.

• A vertical scroll bar (1) indicates that the menu runs off the screen. In this

case, you can use  and  to scroll the menu up and down. A left

arrow (2) indicates that the currently displayed menu is a sub-menu. To

return from a sub-menu to its parent menu, press .

• To close a menu without selecting anything, press .

Calculation Mode

Specify the calculation mode that is suitable for the type of calculation you

want to perform.

1. Press  to display the Main Menu.

2. Use the cursor keys to move the

highlighting to the icon you want.

4

For this: Select this icon:

General calculations (Calculate)

Complex number calculations (Complex)

Calculations involving specific number

systems (binary, octal, decimal,

hexadecimal)

(Base-N)

Matrix calculations (Matrix)

Vector calculations (Vector)

Statistical and regression calculations (Statistics)

Distribution calculations (Distribution)

Spreadsheet calculations (Spreadsheet)

Generate a number table based on one

or two functions (Table)

Equation and function calculations (Equation/Func)

Inequality calculations (Inequality)

Ratio calculations (Ratio)

3. Press  to display the initial screen of the mode whose icon you

selected.

Note: The initial default calculation mode is the Calculate Mode.

Input and Output Formats

Before starting a calculation on the calculator, you should first use the

operations in the table below to specify the formats that should be applied

for calculation formula input and calculation result output.

To specify this type of input and output:

Press (SETUP)

(Input/Output) and then

press:

Input: Natural Textbook; Output: Format that

includes a fraction, √, or π*1(MathI/MathO)

Input: Natural Textbook; Output: Converted

to decimal value (MathI/DecimalO)

Input: Linear*2; Output: Decimal or fraction (LineI/LineO)

5

Input: Linear*2; Output: Converted to

decimal value (LineI/DecimalO)

*1 Decimal output is applied when these formats cannot be output for

some reason.

*2 All calculations, including fractions and functions are input in a single

line. Same output format as that for models without Natural Textbook

Display (S-V.P.A.M. models, etc.)

Input/Output Format Display Examples

MathI/MathO

MathI/DecimalO

LineI/LineO

LineI/DecimalO

Note: The initial default input/output format setting is MathI/MathO.

Configuring the Calculator Setup

To change the calculator setup

1. Press (SETUP) to display the setup menu.

2. Use  and  to scroll the setup menu, and then input the number

displayed to the left of the item whose setting you want to change.

Items and Available Setting Options

“◆” indicates the initial default setting.

Input/Output MathI/MathO◆; MathI/DecimalO; LineI/LineO;

LineI/DecimalO Specifies the format to be used by the calculator for

formula input and calculation result output.

Angle Unit Degree◆; Radian; Gradian Specifies degree,

radian or gradian as the angle unit for value input and calculation result

display.

Number Format Specifies the number of digits for display of a calculation

result.

Fix: The value you specify (from 0 to 9) controls the number of decimal

places for displayed calculation results. Calculation results are rounded off

to the specified digit before being displayed.

Example: 1007(≈)* 14.286 (Fix 3)

Sci: The value you specify (from 0 to 9) controls the number of

significant digits for displayed calculation results. Calculation results are

rounded off to the specified digit before being displayed.

6

Example: 17(≈)* 1.4286 × 10-1 (Sci 5)

Norm: Displays calculation results in exponential format when they fall

within the ranges below.

Norm 1◆: 10-2 > |x|, |x| ≧ 1010, Norm 2: 10-9 > |x|, |x| ≧ 1010

Example: 1200(≈)* 5 × 10-3 (Norm 1), 0.005 (Norm 2)

* Pressing (≈) instead of  after inputting a calculation will display

the calculation result in decimal form.

Engineer Symbol On; Off◆ Specifies whether or not to display

calculation results using engineering symbols.

Note: An indicator (E) is displayed at the top of the screen while On is

selected for this setting.

Fraction Result ab/c; d/c◆ Specifies either mixed fraction or

improper fraction for display of fractions in calculation results.

Complex a+bi◆; r∠θ Specifies either rectangular coordinates or

polar coordinates for Complex Mode calculation results and Equation/Func

Mode solutions.

Note: An i indicator is displayed at the top of the screen while a+bi is

selected for the Complex setting. ∠ is displayed while r∠θ is selected.

Statistics On; Off◆ Specifies whether or not to display a Freq

(frequency) column in the Statistics Mode Statistics Editor.

Spreadsheet For configuring Spreadsheet Mode settings.

Auto Calc: Specifies whether or not formulas should be re-calculated

automatically.

On◆; Off Enables or disables auto re-calculation.

Show Cell: Specifies whether a formula in the edit box should be

displayed as it is or as its calculation result value.

Formula◆: Displays the formula as it is.

Value: Displays the calculation result value of the formula.

Equation/Func On◆; Off Specifies whether or not to use complex

numbers in solutions output in the Equation/Func Mode.

Table f(x); f(x),g(x)◆ Specifies whether to use function f(x) only or

the two functions f(x) and g(x) in the Table Mode.

Decimal Mark Dot◆; Comma Specifies whether to display a dot or

a comma for the calculation result decimal mark. A dot is always displayed

during input.

Note: When dot is selected as the decimal mark, the separator for multiple

results is a comma (,). When comma is selected, the separator is a

semicolon (;).

Digit Separator On; Off◆ Specifies whether or not a separator

character should be used in calculation results.

MultiLine Font Normal Font◆; Small Font Specifies the display

font size when LineI/LineO or LineI/DecimalO is selected for Input/Output.

Up to four lines can be displayed while Normal Font is selected, and up to

six lines can be displayed with Small Font.

QR Code Specifies the version of the QR code displayed when

(QR) is pressed.

Version 3: Indicates QR code Version 3.

Version 11◆: Indicates QR code Version 11.

To initialize calculator settings (except the Contrast setting)

(RESET)(Setup Data)(Yes)

7

Inputting Expressions and Values

Basic Input Rules

When you press  the priority sequence of the input calculation will be

evaluated automatically and the result will appear on the display.

4 × sin 30 × (30 + 10 × 3) = 120

*1 Input of the closing parenthesis is required for sin and other functions

that include parentheses.

*2 These multiplication symbols (×) can be omitted.

*3 The closing parenthesis immediately before the  operation can be

omitted.

Note

• The cursor will change shape to  when there are 10 bytes or less of

allowed input remaining. If this happens, end calculation input and then

press .

• If you execute a calculation that includes both division and multiplication

operations in which a multiplication sign has been omitted, parentheses

will be inserted automatically as shown in the examples below.

- When a multiplication sign is omitted immediately before an open

parenthesis or after a closed parenthesis.

Example: 6 ÷ 2 1 + 2 6 ÷ 21 + 2

- When a multiplication sign is omitted immediately before a variable, a

constant, etc.

Example: 2÷2 2 2 ÷ 2 2

Calculation Priority Sequence

The priority sequence of input calculations is evaluated in accordance with

the rules below. When the priority of two expressions is the same, the

calculation is performed from left to right.

1 Parenthetical expressions

2

Functions that have parentheses (sin(, log(, etc., functions that take

an argument to the right, functions that require a closing parenthesis

after the argument)

3

Functions that come after the input value (𝑥2, 𝑥3, 𝑥-1, 𝑥!, °’ ”, °, r, g, %,

𝑡), engineering symbols (m, μ, n, p, f, k, M, G, T, P, E), powers (),

roots ()

4 Fractions

5Negative sign ((-)), base-n symbols (d, h, b, o)

6Metric conversion commands (cmin, etc.), Statistics Mode

estimated values (𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑥1, 𝑥2)

7 Multiplication where the multiplication sign is omitted

8Permutation (nPr), combination (nCr), complex number polar

coordinate symbol (∠)

8

9 Dot product (•)

10 Multiplication (×), division (÷)

11 Addition (+), subtraction (−)

12 and (logical operator)

13 or, xor, xnor (logical operators)

Note: When squaring a negative value (such as -2), the value being

squared must be enclosed in parentheses (2). Since x2 has

a higher priority than the negative sign, inputting 2 would result in

the squaring of 2 and then appending a negative sign to the result. Always

keep the priority sequence in mind, and enclose negative values in

parentheses when required.

Inputting an Expression Using Natural Textbook

Format (MathI/MathO or MathI/DecimalO Only)

Formulas and expressions that include fractions and/or special functions

such as √ can be input in natural textbook format by using templates that

appear when certain keys are pressed.

Example: 31

2+53

2

1. Press ().

• This inputs a mixed fraction template.

2. Input values into the integer, numerator, and denominator areas of the

template.

312

3. Do the same to input the remainder of the expression.

() 532

Tip: While the input cursor is located within the input area of a template

(mixed fractions, integration (∫), and sum (Σ)), pressing  jumps to the

position immediately following (to the right) of the template, while pressing

 jumps to the position immediate before (to the left of) it.

Note

• When you press  and obtain a calculation result, part of the

expression you input may be cut off. If you need to view the entire input

expression again, press  and then use  and  to scroll the input

expression.

• Nesting of functions and parentheses is allowed. Further input will

become impossible if you nest too many functions and/or parentheses.

To undo operations (MathI/MathO or MathI/DecimalO only): To undo the

last key operation, press (UNDO). To redo a key operation you have

just undone, press (UNDO) again.

9

Using Values and Expressions as Arguments (MathI/

MathO or MathI/DecimalO only)

Example: To input 1+7

6 and then change it to 1+ 7

6

176(INS)



Pressing (INS) in the above example causes 7

6 to be the argument

of the function input by the next key operation (√).

Overwrite Input Mode (LineI/LineO or LineI/DecimalO

only)

In the overwrite mode, text you input replaces the text at the current cursor

location. You can toggle between the insert and overwrite modes by

performing the operations: (INS). The cursor appears as “” in the

insert mode and as “” in the overwrite mode.

Toggling Calculation Results

While MathI/MathO or MathI/DecimalO is selected for Input/Output on the

setup menu, each press of  will toggle the currently displayed

calculation result between its fraction form and decimal form, its √ form

and decimal form, or its π form and decimal form.

𝜋÷6= 1

6𝜋= 0.5235987756 (MathI/MathO)

(π)61

6π←→0.5235987756

2+2 ×3= 5.913591358 = 6+2 3 (MathI/DecimalO)

2235.913591358 ←→6+2 3

Regardless of what is selected for Input/Output on the setup menu, each

press of  will toggle the currently displayed calculation result between its

decimal form and fraction form.

Important

• With certain calculation results, pressing the  key will not convert the

displayed value.

• You cannot switch from decimal form to mixed fraction form if the total

number of digits used in the mixed fraction (including integer, numerator,

denominator, and separator symbol) is greater than 10.

To obtain a decimal value calculation result while MathI/MathO or LineI/

LineO is selected

Press (≈) instead of  after inputting a calculation.

Basic Calculations

Fraction Calculations

Note that the input method for fractions depends on the current Input/

Output setting on the setup menu.

2

3+11

2=13

6(MathI/MathO) 23()

112

13

6

10

(LineI/LineO) 23112136

Note

• Mixing fractions and decimal values in a calculation while something

other than MathI/MathO is selected will cause the result to be displayed

as a decimal value.

• Fractions in calculation results are displayed after being reduced to their

lowest terms.

• To switch a calculation result between improper fraction and mixed

fraction form, press ().

Percent Calculations

Inputting a value and pressing (%) causes the input value to

become a percent.

150 × 20% = 30 15020(%)30

Calculate what percentage of 880 is 660. (75%)

660880(%)75

Discount 3500 by 25%. (2625)

3500350025(%)2625

Degree, Minute, Second (Sexagesimal) Calculations

The syntax below is for inputting a sexagesimal value: {degrees} 

{minutes}  {seconds} . Note that you must always input something

for the degrees and minutes, even if they are zero.

2°20’30” + 9’30” = 2°30’00”

220300930 2°30’0”

Convert 2°30’0” to its decimal equivalent. 2.5

(Converts decimal to sexagesimal.) 2°30’0”

Multi-Statements

You can use the colon character (:) to connect two or more expressions and

execute them in sequence from left to right when you press .

3 + 3 : 3 × 3 33(:) 336

9

Note: Inputting a colon (:) while LineI/LineO or LineI/DecimalO is selected

for the Input/Output setting on the setup menu causes a newline operation

to be performed.

Using Engineering Notation

Transform the value 1234 to engineering

notation, shifting the decimal mark to the

right, and then to the left.

12341234

1.234×103

1234×100

(←)1.234×103

(←)0.001234×106

Note: The calculation result shown above is what appears when Off is

selected for the Engineer Symbol setting on the setup menu.

Using Engineering Symbols

Your calculator supports the use of 11 engineering symbols (m, μ, n, p, f, k,

M, G, T, P, E) that you can use for input of value or for calculation result

display.

To display calculation results with engineering symbols

On the setup menu, change the Engineer Symbol setting to On.

11

Example Input and Calculations Using Engineering Symbols

To input 500k

500(Engineer Symbol)

(k)500k

To calculate 999k (kilo) + 25k (kilo) = 1.024M (Mega) = 1024k (kilo) =

1024000

999(Engineer Symbol)(k)

25(Engineer Symbol)(k)1.024M

1024k

1024000

(←)1024k

Prime Factorization

In the Calculate Mode, a positive integer no more than 10 digits long can be

factored to prime factors.

To perform prime factorization on 1014

10141014

(FACT) 2×3×132

To re-display the unfactored value, press (FACT) or .

Note: The types of values described below cannot be factored, even if they

have 10 or fewer digits.

• One of the prime factors of the value is 1,018,081 or greater.

• Two or more of the prime factors of the value have more than three digits.

The part that cannot be factored will be enclosed in parentheses on the

display.

Calculation History and Replay

Calculation History

An  and/or  at the top of the display indicates that there is more

calculation history content above and/or below. You can scroll through

calculation history contents using  and .

2 + 2 = 4 224

3 + 3 = 6 336

(Scrolls back.) 4

Note: Calculation history data is all cleared whenever you press , when

you change to a different calculation mode, when you change the Input/

Output setting, or whenever you perform a RESET operation (“Initialize All”

or “Setup Data”).

Replay

While a calculation result is on the display, you can press  or  to edit

the expression you used for the previous calculation.

4 × 3 + 2 = 14 43214

4 × 3 − 7 = 5 (Continuing) 75

12

Using Memory Functions

Answer Memory (Ans)

The last calculation result obtained is stored in Ans (answer) memory.

To divide the result of 14 × 13 by 7

1413182

(Continuing) 7

123 + 456 = 579

789 − 579 = 210

123456

(Continuing) 789

579

210

Variables (A, B, C, D, E, F, M, x, y)

You can assign values to variables and use the variables in calculations.

To assign the result of 3 + 5 to variable A

35(A) 8

To multiply the contents of variable A by 10

(Continuing) (A)10*180

To recall the contents of variable A

(Continuing) (RECALL)*2

(A)8

To clear the contents of variable A

0(A) 0

*1 Input a variable as shown here: press  and then press the key that

corresponds to the desired variable name. To input x as the variable

name, you can press (x) or .

*2 Pressing (RECALL) displays a screen that shows the values

currently assigned to variables A, B, C, D, E, F, M, x, and y. On this

screen, values are always displayed using the “Norm 1” Number

Format. To close the screen without recalling a variable value, press

.

Independent Memory (M)

You can add calculation results to or subtract results from independent

memory. The “M” appears on the display when there is any value other than

zero stored in independent memory.

To clear the contents of M

0(M) 0

To add the result of 10 × 5 to M

(Continuing) 10550

To subtract the result of 10 + 5 from M

(Continuing) 105(M−) 15

To recall the contents of M

(Continuing) (RECALL)(M)35

Note: Variable M is used for independent memory. You also can call M and

use it in a calculation you are inputting.

13

Clearing the Contents of All Memories

Ans memory, independent memory, and variable contents are retained even

if you press , change the calculation mode, or turn off the calculator.

Perform the procedure below when you want to clear the contents of all

memories.

(RESET)(Memory)(Yes)

Function Calculations

Note: To interrupt an ongoing calculation before its result appears, press

.

Pi π: π is displayed as 3.141592654, but π = 3.14159265358980 is used for

internal calculations.

Natural Logarithm Base e: e is displayed as 2.718281828, but e =

2.71828182845904 is used for internal calculations.

sin, cos, tan, sin-1, cos-1, tan-1: Specify the angle unit before performing

calculations.

sin 30° = 1

2(Angle Unit: Degree) 30 1

2

sinh, cosh, tanh, sinh-1, cosh-1, tanh-1: Input a function from the menu that

appears when you press (Hyperbolic Func)*1. The angle unit setting

does not affect calculations.

*1 Depending on the calculation mode, you should press .

∘, r, g : These functions specify the angle unit. ° specifies degree, r radian,

and g gradian. Input a function from the menu that appears when you

perform the following key operation: (Angle Unit)*2.

π/2 radians = 90° (Angle Unit: Degree)

(π)2(Angle Unit)(r)90

*2 Depending on the calculation mode, you should press .

, : Exponential functions.

e5 × 2 = 296.8263182

(MathI/MathO) () 52296.8263182

(LineI/LineO) () 52296.8263182

log: Logarithmic function. Use (log) to input logab as log (a, b).

Base 10 is the default setting if you do not input anything for a.

log101000 = log 1000 = 3 (log) 1000 3

log216 = 4 (log) 2(,) 16 4

The  key also can be used for input, but only while MathI/MathO or

MathI/DecimalO is selected for Input/Output on the setup menu. In this

case, you must input a value for the base.

log216 = 4 2164

ln: Natural logarithm to base e.

ln 90 (= loge 90) = 4.49980967 90 4.49980967

x2, x3, , , , , x-1: Powers, power roots, and reciprocals.

(1 + 1)2+2 = 16 112216

(52)3 = 15625 5(x3)15625

32

5 = 2

(MathI/MathO) () 5322

14

(LineI/LineO) 5() 32 2

2×3 =3 2= 4.242640687...

(MathI/MathO) 2332

(LineI/LineO) 234.242640687

, , : These functions use Gauss-Kronrod methods to perform

numerical integration, approximation of the derivative based on central

difference method, and calculation of the sum of a specific range of f(x).

Input Syntax

(1) When MathI/MathO or MathI/DecimalO is selected

(2) When LineI/LineO or LineI/DecimalO is selected

*1*2*3

(1) ∫

𝑎

𝑏

𝑓 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑

𝑑𝑥 𝑓 𝑥 𝑥=𝑎 ∑

𝑥=𝑎

𝑏

𝑓 𝑥

(2) ∫𝑓 𝑥 , 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑡𝑜𝑙 𝑑

𝑑𝑥 𝑓 𝑥 , 𝑎, 𝑡𝑜𝑙 ∑𝑓 𝑥 ,𝑎,𝑏

*1 tol specifies tolerance, which becomes 1 × 10-5 when nothing is input

for tol.

*2 tol specifies tolerance, which becomes 1 × 10-10 when nothing is input

for tol.

*3 a and b are integers that can be specified within the range of -1 × 1010

< a ≦ b < 1 × 1010.

Integration and Differential Calculation Precautions

• When using a trigonometric function in f(x), specify “Radian” as the angle

unit.

• A smaller tol value increases precision, but it also increases calculation

time. When specifying tol, use value that is 1 × 10-14 or greater.

• Integration normally requires considerable time to perform.

• Depending on the content of f(x), positive and negative values within the

region of integration, or the region of integration, calculation error that

exceeds the allowable range may be generated, causing the calculator

to display an error message.

• With derivative calculations, non-consecutive points, abrupt fluctuation,

extremely large or small points, inflection points, and the inclusion of

points that cannot be differentiated, or a differential point or a differential

calculation result that approaches zero can cause poor precision or

error.

∫

1

𝑒

ln 𝑥𝑑𝑥

(MathI/MathO) (x)1(e)1

(LineI/LineO) (x)(,)

1(,)(e) 1

To obtain the derivative at point x = π/2 for the function y = sin(x) (Angle

Unit: Radian)

()(x) …(1)

(MathI/MathO)

(Continued following (1)) (π)20

(LineI/LineO)

(Continued following (1)) (,)(π)2 0

∑

𝑥=1

5

𝑥+1 = 20

15

(MathI/MathO) ()(x)11520

(LineI/LineO) ()(x)1

(,) 1(,) 5 20

Pol, Rec: Pol converts rectangular coordinates to polar coordinates, while

Rec converts polar coordinates to rectangular coordinates.

• Specify the angle unit before

performing calculations.

• The calculation result for r and θ

and for x and y are each

assigned respectively to

variables x and y.

• Calculation result θ is displayed

in the range of -180° < θ ≦ 180°.

To convert rectangular coordinates 2, 2 to polar coordinates (Angle

Unit: Degree)

(MathI/MathO) (Pol)2(,)2 r=2, θ=45

To convert polar coordinates 2, 45° to rectangular coordinates (Angle

Unit: Degree)

(MathI/MathO) (Rec)2(,) 45 x=1, y=1

x!: Factorial function.

(5 + 3) ! = 40320 53(x!)40320

Abs: Absolute value function.

|2 − 7| × 2 = 10

(MathI/MathO) (Abs) 27210

(LineI/LineO) (Abs) 27210

Ran#: Function that generates a pseudo random number in the range of

0.000 to 0.999. The result is displayed as a fraction when MathI/MathO is

selected for Input/Output on the setup menu.

To obtain random three-digit integers

1000(Ran#)459

(The result differs with each execution.)

RanInt#: Function that generates a pseudo random integer between a

specified start value and end value.

To generate random integers in the range of 1 to 6

(RanInt)1(,) 6 2

(The result differs with each execution.)

nPr, nCr: Permutation (nPr) and combination (nCr) functions.

To determine the number of permutations and combinations possible when

selecting four people from a group of 10

Permutations: 10(nPr) 45040

Combinations: 10(nCr) 4210

Rnd: Using the Rnd function causes decimal fraction values of the

argument to be rounded in accordance with the current Number Format

setting. For example, the internal and displayed result of Rnd(10 ÷ 3) is

3.333 when the Number Format setting is Fix 3. Using the Norm 1 or Norm

2 setting cause the argument to be rounded off at the 11th digit of the

mantissa part.

To perform the following calculations when Fix 3 is selected for the number

of display digits: 10 ÷ 3 × 3 and Rnd(10 ÷ 3) × 3 (MathI/DecimalO)

(SETUP)(Number Format)(Fix)

16

1033

(Rnd) 1033

10.000

9.999

QR Code Function

Your calculator can display QR codes* that can be read by a smart device.

* QR Code is a registered trademark of DENSO WAVE INCORPORATED in

Japan and in other countries.

Important

• The operations in this section assume that the smart device being used

has a QR code reader that can read multiple QR codes installed, and it

can connect to the Internet.

• Reading a QR code displayed by this calculator with a smart device will

cause the smart device to access the CASIO website.

Note: A QR code can be displayed by pressing (QR) while the

setup screen, a menu screen, an error screen, a calculation result screen in

any calculation mode, or a table screen is displayed. For details, visit the

CASIO website (wes.casio.com).

Displaying a QR Code

Example: To display the QR code for a calculation result in the calculator’s

Calculate Mode and read it with a smart device

1. In the Calculate Mode, execute some calculation.

2. Press (QR) to display the QR code.

• The numbers in the lower right corner of the

display shows the current QR code number

and the total number of QR codes. To

display the next QR code, press  or .

Note

•A  indicator is displayed at the top of the screen while the

calculator is generating a QR code.

• To return to a previous QR code, press  or  as many times as

required to scroll forward until it appears.

3. Use a smart device to read the QR code on the calculator display.

• For information about how to read a QR code, refer to the user

documentation of the QR code reader you are using.

If you experience difficulty reading a QR code: While the QR code is

displayed use  and  to adjust the display contrast of the QR code.

This contrast adjustment affects QR code displays only.

Important

• Depending on the smart device and/or QR reader app being used, you

may experience problems reading the QR codes produced by this

calculator.

• When the setup “QR Code” setting is “Version 3”, the calculator modes

that can display QR codes are limited. If you try to display a QR code in

a mode that does not support QR code display, the message “Not

Supported (Version 3)” will appear. However, the QR code produced by

this setting is easier to read with a smart device.

• For more information, visit the CASIO website (wes.casio.com).

To exit the QR code display: Press  or (QR).

17

Complex Number Calculations

To perform complex number calculations, first enter the Complex Mode. You

can use either rectangular coordinates (a+bi) or polar coordinates (r∠θ) to

input complex numbers. Complex number calculation results are displayed

in accordance with the Complex setting on the setup menu.

(1 + i)4 + (1 − i)2 = -4 − 2i (Complex: a+bi)*

1(i)41(i) -4 − 2i

2∠45 = 2+ 2𝒊 (Angle Unit: Degree, Complex: a+bi)

2(∠) 452+ 2𝒊

2+ 2𝒊 = 2∠45 (Angle Unit: Degree, Complex: r∠θ)

22(i)2∠45

* When raising a complex number to an integer power using the syntax (a

+bi)n, the power value can be within the following range: -1 × 1010 < n < 1

× 1010.

Note

• If you are planning to perform input and display of the calculation result

in polar coordinate format, specify the angle unit before starting the

calculation.

• The θ value of the calculation result is displayed in the range of -180°< θ

≦ 180°.

• Display of the calculation result while LineI/LineO or LineI/DecimalO is

selected will show a and bi (or r and θ) on separate lines.

Complex Mode Calculation Examples

To obtain the conjugate complex number of 2 + 3i (Complex: a+bi)

(Conjugate) 23(i) 2−3i

To obtain the absolute value and argument of 1 + i (Angle Unit: Degree)

(Abs) 1(i)

(Argument) 1(i)

2

45

To extract the real part and imaginary part of 2 + 3i

(Real Part) 23(i)

(Imaginary Part) 23(i)

2

3

Using a Command to Specify the Calculation Output

Format

2+ 2𝒊 = 2∠45, 2∠45 = 2+ 2𝒊 (Angle Unit: Degree)

22(i)(r∠θ)

2(∠) 45(a+bi)

2∠45

2+ 2𝒊

Using CALC

CALC lets you input calculation expressions that include one or more

variable, assign values to the variables, and calculate the result. CALC can

be used in the Calculate Mode and Complex Mode.

You can use CALC to save the types of expressions below.

•2x + 3y, 2Ax + 3By + C, A + Bi, etc.

•x + y : x (x + y), etc.

•y = x2 + x + 3, etc.

Note: During the time from when you press  until you exit CALC by

pressing , you should use Linear input procedures for input.

18

To store 3A + B and then substitute the following values to perform the

calculation: A = 5, B = 10

3(A)(B)

510 →

Using SOLVE

SOLVE uses Newton’s method to approximate the solution of equations.

Note that SOLVE can be used in the Calculate Mode only. SOLVE supports

input of equations of the following formats.

Examples: y = x + 5, x = sin(M), xy + C (Treated as xy + C = 0)

Note

• If an equation contains input functions that include an open parenthesis

(such as sin and log), do not omit the closing parenthesis.

• During the time from when you press (SOLVE) until you exit

SOLVE by pressing , you should use Linear input procedures for

input.

To solve x2 + b = 0 for x when b = -2

(x)(B)(=) 0

(SOLVE)

Input an initial value for x (Here,

input 1): 1

Assign -2 to B: 2

Specify the variable you want to solve for

(Here we want to solve for x, so move the

highlighting to x.):



Solve the equation:



(1) Variable solved for

(2) Solution

(3) (Left Side) − (Right Side) result

• Solutions are always displayed in decimal form.

• The closer the (Left Side) − (Right Side) result is to zero, the higher the

accuracy of the solution.

Important

• SOLVE performs convergence a preset number of times. If it cannot find

a solution, it displays a confirmation screen that shows “Continue:[=]”,

asking if you want to continue. Press  to continue or  to cancel the

SOLVE operation.

• Depending on what you input for the initial value for x (solution variable),

SOLVE may not be able to obtain solutions. If this happens, try changing

the initial value so they are closer to the solution.

• SOLVE may not be able to determine the correct solution, even when one

exists.

19

• SOLVE uses Newton’s method, so even if there are multiple solutions,

only one of them will be returned.

• Due to limitations in Newton’s method, solutions tend to be difficult to

obtain for equations like the following:

y

= sin x, 𝑦 = 𝑒𝑥, 𝑦= 𝑥.

Statistical Calculations

Perform the steps below to start a statistical calculation.

1. Press , select the Statistics Mode icon, and then press .

2. On the Select Type screen that appears, select a statistical calculation

type.

To select this type of statistical calculation: Press this key:

Single-variable (x)(1-Variable)

Paired-variable (x, y), linear regression (y=a+bx)

Paired-variable (x, y), quadratic regression (y=a+bx+cx2)

Paired-variable (x, y), logarithmic regression (y=a+b･ln(x))

Paired-variable (x, y), e exponential regression (y=a･e^(bx))

Paired-variable (x, y), ab exponential regression (y=a･b^x)

Paired-variable (x, y), power regression (y=a･x^b)

Paired-variable (x, y), inverse regression (y=a+b/x)

• Performing any of the above key operations displays the Statistics

Editor.

Note: When you want to change the calculation type after entering the

Statistics Mode, perform the key operation (Select Type) to display

the calculation type selection screen.

Inputting Data with Statistics Editor

Statistics Editor displays one, two, or three columns: single-variable (x),

single variable and frequency (x, Freq), paired-variable (x, y), paired-

variable and frequency (x, y, Freq). The number of data rows that can be

input depends on the number of columns: 160 rows for one column, 80

rows for two columns, 53 rows for three columns.

Note

• Use the Freq (frequency) column to input the quantity (frequency) of

identical data items. Display of the Freq column can be turned on

(displayed) or off (not displayed) using the Statistics setting on the setup

menu.

• Pressing the  key while the Statistics Editor is on the screen will

display a statistical calculation screen for performing calculations based

on the input data. What you need to do to return to the Statistics Editor

from the statistical calculation screen depends on the calculation type

you selected. Press (Data) if you selected single-variable or

(Data) if you selected paired-variable.

Ex 1: To select logarithmic regression and input the following data: (170,

66), (173, 68), (179, 75)

(Select Type)(y=a+b･ln(x))

20

170173179

666875

Important: All data currently input in the Statistics Editor is deleted

whenever you exit the Statistics Mode, switch between the single-variable

and a paired-variable statistical calculation type, or change the Statistics

setting on the setup menu.

To delete a line: In the Statistics Editor, move the cursor to the line that you

want to delete and then press .

To insert a line: In the Statistics Editor, move the cursor to the location

where you want to insert the line and then perform the following key

operation: (Editor)(Insert Row).

To delete all Statistics Editor contents: In the Statistics Editor, perform

the following key operation: (Editor)(Delete All).

Displaying Statistical Values Based On Input Data

From the Statistics Editor:

(1-Variable Calc or 2-Variable Calc)

From the statistical calculation screen:

(1-Variable Calc or 2-Variable Calc)

Displaying Regression Calculation Results Based On

Input Data (Paired-Variable Data Only)

From the Statistics Editor:

(Regression Calc)

From the statistical calculation screen:

(Regression Calc)

Obtaining Statistical Values from Input Data

You can use the operations in this section to recall statistical values

assigned to variables (σx, Σx2, etc.) based on the data you input with the

Statistics Editor. You can also use the variables in calculations. The

operations in this section are performed on the statistical calculation screen

that appears when you press  while the Statistics Editor is displayed.

Supported statistical variables and the keys you should press to recall them

are shown below. For single-variable statistical calculations, the variables

marked with an asterisk (*) are available.

Summation: Σx*, Σx2*, Σy, Σy2, Σxy, Σx3, Σx2y, Σx4

(Summation)  to 

Number of Items: n* / Mean: 𝑥

−*, 𝑦

− / Population Variance: σ2x*, σ2y /

Population Standard Deviation: σx*, σy / Sample Variance: s2x*, s2y /

Sample Standard Deviation: sx*, sy

(Variable)  to ,  to 

Minimum Value: min(x)*, min(y) / Maximum Value: max(x)*, max(y)

When the single-variable statistical calculation is selected:

(Min/Max) , 

When a paired-variable statistical calculation is selected:

(Min/Max)  to 

First Quartile: Q1* / Median: Med* / Third Quartile: Q3* (For single-variable

statistical calculations only)

(Min/Max)  to 

21

Regression Coefficients: a, b / Correlation Coefficient: r / Estimated

Values: 𝑥, 𝑦

(Regression)  to 

Regression Coefficients for Quadratic Regression: a, b, c / Estimated

Values: 𝑥1, 𝑥2, 𝑦

(Regression)  to 

•𝑥, 𝑥1, 𝑥2 and 𝑦 are commands of the type that take an argument

immediately before them.

Ex 2: To input the single-variable data x = {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 5}, using the

Freq column to specify the number of repeats for each items {xn; freqn} =

{1;1, 2;2, 3;3, 4;2, 5;1}, and calculate the mean.

(SETUP)(Statistics)(On)

(Select Type)(1-Variable)

12345

1232

(Variable)(𝑥

−)3

Ex 3: To calculate the logarithmic regression correlation coefficients for the

following paired-variable data and determine the regression formula: (x, y) =

(20, 3150), (110, 7310), (200, 8800), (290, 9310). Specify Fix 3 (three

decimal places) for results.

(SETUP)(Statistics)(Off)

(SETUP)(Number Format)(Fix)

(Select Type)(y=a+b･ln(x))

20110200290

3150731088009310

(Regression)(r)0.998

(Regression)(a)-3857.984

(Regression)(b)2357.532

Calculating Estimated Values

Based on the regression formula obtained by paired-variable statistical

calculation, the estimated value of y can be calculated for a given x-value.

The corresponding x-value (two values, x1 and x2, in the case of quadratic

regression) also can be calculated for a value of y in the regression formula.

Ex 4: To determine the estimate value for y when x = 160 in the regression

formula produced by logarithmic regression of the data in Ex 3. Specify Fix

3 for the result. (Perform the following operation after completing the

operations in Ex 3.)

160(Regression)(𝑦)8106.898

Important: Regression coefficient, correlation coefficient, and estimated

value calculations can take considerable time when there are a large

number of data items.

Performing Normal Distribution Calculations

While single-variable statistical calculation is selected, you can perform

normal distribution calculation using the functions shown below from the

menu that appears when you perform the following key operation:

(Norm Dist).

22

P, Q, R: These functions take the

argument t and determine a probability

of standard normal distribution as

illustrated nearby.

t: This function is preceded by the argument x. It calculates the standard

variate for data value x using the mean value (𝑥

−) and population standard

deviation (σx) of data input with Statistics Editor.

x t =𝑥−𝑥

−

𝜎𝑥

Ex 5: For the single variable data in Ex 2, to determine the normalized

variate when x = 2, and P(t) at that point.

2(Norm Dist)(t)

(Norm Dist)(P()

Base-n Calculations

When you want to perform calculations using decimal, hexadecimal, binary,

and/or octal values, enter the Base-N Mode. After entering the Base-N

Mode, press one of the following keys to switch number modes: (DEC)

for decimal, (HEX) for hexadecimal, (BIN) for binary, or (OCT) for

octal.

To calculate 112 + 12

(BIN)111

Note

• Use the following keys to input the letters A through F for hexadecimal

values: (A), (B), (C), (D), (E), (F).

• In the Base-N Mode, input of fractional (decimal) values and exponents

is not supported. If a calculation result has a fractional part, it is cut off.

• Details about input and output ranges (32 bits) are shown below.

Binary

Positive: 00000000000000000000000000000000 ≦ x ≦

01111111111111111111111111111111

Negative: 10000000000000000000000000000000 ≦ x ≦

11111111111111111111111111111111

Octal Positive:

Negative:

00000000000 ≦ x ≦ 17777777777

20000000000 ≦ x ≦ 37777777777

Decimal -2147483648 ≦ x ≦ 2147483647

Hexadecimal Positive:

Negative:

00000000 ≦ x ≦ 7FFFFFFF

80000000 ≦ x ≦ FFFFFFFF

Specifying the Number Mode of a Particular Input

Value

You can input a special command immediately following a value to specify

the number mode of that value. The special commands are: d (decimal), h

(hexadecimal), b (binary), and o (octal).

To calculate 1010 + 1016 + 102 + 108 and display the result as a decimal

value

(DEC)(d) 10(h) 10

23

 (b) 10(o) 1036

Converting a Calculation Result to another Type of

Value

You can use any one of the following key operations to convert the currently

displayed calculation result to another type of value: (DEC), (HEX),

(BIN), (OCT).

To calculate 1510 × 3710 in the decimal mode, and then convert the result to

hexadecimal

(DEC) 1537

(HEX)

555

0000022B

Logical and Negation Operations

Logical and negation operations are performed by pressing  and then

selecting the desired command (and, or, xor, xnor, Not, Neg) from the menu

that appears. All of the examples below are performed in the binary mode

((BIN)).

To determine the logical AND of 10102 and 11002 (10102 and 11002)

1010(and) 11000000 0000 0000 0000

0000 0000 0000 1000

To determine the bitwise complement of 10102 (Not(10102))

(Not) 1010 1111 1111 1111 1111

1111 1111 1111 0101

Note: In the case of a negative binary, octal or hexadecimal value, the

calculator converts the value to binary, takes the two’s complement, and

then converts back to the original number base. For decimal values, the

calculator merely adds a minus sign.

Equation Calculations

Perform the steps below to solve an equation in the Equation/Func Mode.

1. Press , select the Equation/Func Mode icon, and then press .

2. Select the type of calculation you want to perform.

To select this calculation

type: Do this:

Simultaneous linear equations

with two, three, or four

unknowns

Press (Simul Equation), and then

use a number key ( to ) to

specify the number of unknowns.

Quadratic equations, cubic

equations, or quartic equations

Press (Polynomial), and then use

a number key ( to ) to specify

the polynomial degree.

3. Use the Coefficient Editor that appears to input coefficient values.

• To solve 2x2 + x − 3 = 0, for example, press (Polynomial) in

step 2. Use the Coefficient Editor that appears to input

213.

• Pressing  will clear all of the coefficients to zero.

4. After all the values are the way you want, press .

24

• This will display a solution. Each press of  will display another

solution. Pressing  while the final solution is displayed will return to

the Coefficient Editor.

• A message appears to let you know when there is no solution or when

there are infinite solutions. Pressing  or  will return to the

Coefficient Editor.

• You can assign the currently displayed solution to a variable. While

the solution is displayed, press  and then the key that

corresponds to the name of the variable to which you want to assign

it.

• To return to the Coefficient Editor while any solution is displayed,

press .

Note: Solutions that include √ are displayed only when the selected

calculation type is Polynomial.

To change the current equation type setting: Press (Simul

Equation) or (Polynomial), and then press , , or . Changing

the equation type causes the values of all Coefficient Editor coefficients to

change to zero.

Equation/Func Mode Calculation Examples

x + 2y = 3, 2x + 3y = 4

(Simul Equation)

123234





(x=)

(y=)

-1

2

x2 + 2x − 2 = 0

(Polynomial)

122



(x1=)

(x2=)

-1 + 3

-1 − 3

(Displays x-coordinate of local minimum of y = x2 + 2x − 2.*)

(x=) -1

(Displays y-coordinate of local minimum of y = x2 + 2x − 2.*)

(y=) -3

* The x- and y-coordinates of the local minimum (or local maximum) of the

function y = ax2 + bx + c are also displayed, but only when a quadratic

equation is selected for the calculation type.

Matrix Calculations

Use the Matrix Mode to perform calculations involving matrices of up to 4

rows by 4 columns. To perform a matrix calculation, use the special matrix

variables (MatA, MatB, MatC, MatD) as shown in the example below.

Example: 21

11 × 2-1

-1 2

1. Press , select the Matrix Mode icon, and then press .

2. Press (MatA)(2 rows)(2 columns).

• This will display the Matrix Editor for

input of the elements of the 2 × 2

matrix you specified for MatA.

3. Input the elements of MatA: 2111.

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4. Perform the following key operation: (Define

Matrix)(MatB)(2 rows)(2 columns).

5. Input the elements of MatB: 2112.

6. Press  to advance to the calculation screen, and perform the

calculation (MatA × MatB): (MatA)(MatB).

• This will display the MatAns (Matrix

Answer Memory) screen with the

calculation results.

Matrix Answer Memory (MatAns)

Whenever the result of a calculation executed in the Matrix Mode is a

matrix, the MatAns screen will appear with the result. The result also will be

assigned to a variable named “MatAns”.

The MatAns variable can be used in calculations as described below.

• To insert the MatAns variable into a calculation, perform the following key

operation: (MatAns).

• Pressing any one of the following keys while the MatAns screen is

displayed will switch automatically to the calculation screen: , ,

, , , , (x3).

Assigning and Editing Matrix Variable Data

To assign new data to a matrix variable

1. Press (Define Matrix), and then, on the menu that appears,

select the matrix variable to which you want to assign data.

2. On the dialog box that appears, use a number key ( to ) to

specify the number of rows.

3. On the next dialog box that appears, use a number key ( to ) to

specify the number of columns.

4. Use the Matrix Editor that appears to input the elements of the matrix.

To edit the elements of a matrix variable

Press (Edit Matrix), and then, on the menu that appears, select the

matrix variable you want to edit.

To copy matrix variable (or MatAns) contents

1. Use the Matrix Editor to display the matrix you want to copy.

• If you want to copy MatAns contents, perform the following to display

the MatAns screen: (MatAns).

2. Press , and then perform one of the following key operations to

specify the copy destination: (MatA), (MatB), (MatC), or

(MatD).

• This will display the Matrix Editor with the contents of the copy

destination.

Matrix Calculation Examples

The following examples use MatA = 21

11, MatB = 10-1

0-1 1.

To obtain the determinant of MatA (Det(MatA))

(Determinant) MatA  1

To create a 2 × 2 identity matrix and add it to MatA (Identity(2) + MatA)

(Identity) MatA 

Note: You can specify a value from 1 to 4 as the Identity command

argument (number of dimensions).

To obtain the transposition of MatB (Trn(MatB))

26

(Transposition) MatB 

To invert, square, and cube MatA (MatA-1, MatA2, MatA3)

Note: You cannot use  for this input. Use  to input “-1”,  to specify

squaring, and (x3) to specify cubing.

 MatA 

 MatA 

 MatA (x3)

To obtain the absolute value of each element of MatB (Abs(MatB))

(Abs) MatB 

Creating a Number Table

The Table Mode generates a number table based on one or two functions.

Example: To generate a number table for the functions 𝑓𝑥=𝑥

2+1

2 and

g𝑥=𝑥

2−1

2 for the range -1 ≦ 𝑥 ≦ 1, incremented in steps of 0.5

1. Press , select the Table Mode icon, and then press .

2. Configure settings to generate a number table from two functions.

(SETUP)(Table)(f(x),g(x))

3. Input 𝑥2+1

2 .

(x)12

4. Input 𝑥2−1

2 .

(x)12

5. Press . On the Table Range dialog box that appears, input values for

Start (Default: 1), End (Default: 5), and Step (Default: 1).

110.5

6. Press  to generate the number table.

• Press  to return to the screen in

step 3.

Tip

• In the number table shown in step 6, you can change the value in the

currently highlighted x cell. Changing the x value causes the f(x) and g(x)

values in the same line to be updated accordingly.

• If there is value in the x cell above the currently highlighted x cell,

pressing  or  automatically inputs into the highlighted cell the

value equal to the value of the cell above it plus the step value. So also,

27

pressing  automatically inputs the value equal to the value of the cell

above less the step value. The f(x) and g(x) values in the same line are

also updated accordingly.

Note

• After pressing  in step 4 above, proceeding from step 5 onwards

without inputting anything for g(x) will generate a number table for f(x)

only.

• The maximum number of rows in the generated number table depends

on the setup menu table setting. Up to 45 rows are supported for the

“f(x)” setting, while 30 rows are supported for the “f(x),g(x)” setting.

• The number table generation operation causes the contents of variable x

to be changed.

Important: Functions input in this mode are deleted whenever the Input/

Output settings are changed in the Table Mode.

Vector Calculations

Use the Vector Mode to perform 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional vector

calculations. To perform a vector calculation, use the special vector

variables (VctA, VctB, VctC, VctD) as shown in the example below.

Example: (1, 2) + (3, 4)

1. Press , select the Vector Mode icon, and then press .

2. Press (VctA)(2 dimensions).

• This will display the Vector Editor for

input of the 2-dimensional vector for

VctA.

3. Input the elements of VctA: 12.

4. Perform the following key operation: (Define

Vector)(VctB)(2 dimensions).

5. Input the elements of VctB: 34.

6. Press  to advance to the calculation screen, and perform the

calculation (VctA + VctB): (VctA)(VctB).

• This will display the VctAns (Vector

Answer Memory) screen with the

calculation results.

Vector Answer Memory

Whenever the result of a calculation executed in the Vector Mode is a

vector, the VctAns screen will appear with the result. The result also will be

assigned to a variable named “VctAns”.

The VctAns variable can be used in calculations as described below.

• To insert the VctAns variable into a calculation, perform the following key

operation: (VctAns).

• Pressing any one of the following keys while the VctAns screen is

displayed will switch automatically to the calculation screen: , ,

, .

Assigning and Editing Vector Variable Data

To assign new data to a vector variable

1. Press (Define Vector), and then, on the menu that appears,

select the vector variable to which you want to assign data.

2. On the dialog box that appears, press  or  to specify the vector

dimension.

28

3. Use the Vector Editor that appears to input the elements of the vector.

To edit the elements of a vector variable

Press (Edit Vector), and then, on the menu that appears, select the

vector variable you want to edit.

To copy vector variable (or VctAns) contents

1. Use the Vector Editor to display the vector you want to copy.

• If you want to copy VctAns contents, perform the following to display

the VctAns screen: (VctAns).

2. Press , and then perform one of the following key operations to

specify the copy destination: (VctA), (VctB), (VctC), or

(VctD).

• This will display the Vector Editor with the contents of the copy

destination.

Vector Calculation Examples

The examples below use VctA = (1, 2) and VctB = (3, 4), and VctC = (2, -1,

2).

VctA • VctB (Vector dot product)

 VctA (Dot Product) VctB 

VctA × VctB (Vector cross product)

 VctA  VctB 

To obtain the absolute values of VctC

(Abs) VctC 

To determine the angle formed by VctA and VctB to three decimal places

(Fix 3). (Angle Unit: Degree)

(SETUP)(Number Format)(Fix)

(Angle) VctA (,)

VctB 

To normalize VctB

(Unit Vector) VctB 

Inequality Calculations

You can use the procedure below to solve a 2nd, 3rd, or 4th degree

inequality.

1. Press , select the Inequality Mode icon, and then press .

2. On the dialog box that appears, use a number key ( to ) to

specify the degree of the inequality.

3. On the menu that appears, use keys  through  to select the

inequality symbol type and orientation.

4. Use the Coefficient Editor that appears to input coefficient values.

• To solve x2 + 2x − 3 < 0, for example, input the following for the

coefficients (a = 1, b = 2, c = -3): 123.

• Pressing  will clear all of the coefficients to zero.

5. After all the values are the way you want, press .

• This will display the solutions.

29

• To return to the Coefficient Editor while the solutions are displayed,

press .

To change the Inequality Type: Pressing (Polynomial) displays a

dialog box that you can use to select an inequality degree. Changing the

degree of an inequality causes the values of all Coefficient Editor

coefficients to become zero.

Inequality Mode Calculation Examples

3x3 + 3x2 − x > 0

 (Polynomial)(3rd degree inequality)(ax3+bx2+cx+d>0)

331





Note

• Solutions are displayed as shown in the

screen shot nearby when something

other than MathI/MathO is selected for

the Input/Output setting on the setup

menu.

• “All Real Numbers” appears on the solution screen when the solution of

an inequality is all numbers (such as x2 ≧ 0).

• “No Solution” appears on the solution screen when no solution exists for

an inequality (such as x2 < 0).

Ratio Calculations

The Ratio Mode lets you determine the value of X in the ratio expression A :

B = X : D (or A : B = C : X) when the values of A, B, C and D are known. The

following shows the general procedure for using Ratio.

1. Press , select the Ratio Mode icon, and then press .

2. On the menu that appears, select (A:B=X:D) or (A:B=C:X).

3. On the Coefficient Editor screen that appears, input up to 10 digits for

each of the required values (A, B, C, D).

• To solve 3 : 8 = X : 12 for X, for example, press  in step 1, and

then input the following for the coefficients (A = 3, B = 8, D = 12):

3812.

• Pressing  will reset all of the coefficients to one.

4. After all the values are the way you want, press .

• This displays the solution (value of X). Pressing  again will return

to the Coefficient Editor.

Important: A Math ERROR will occur if you perform a calculation while 0 is

input for a coefficient.

To calculate X in the ratio 1 : 2 = X : 10

(Select Type)(A:B=X:D)

1210

(X=) 5

Changing the Ratio Expression Type

Press (Select Type) and then select the ratio expression type you

want from the menu that appears.

30

Distribution Calculations

You can use the procedures below to perform seven different types of

distribution calculations.

1. Press , select the Distribution Mode icon, and then press .

2. On the menu that appears, select a distribution calculation type.

To select this calculation type: Press this key:

Normal probability density (Normal PD)

Normal cumulative distribution (Normal CD)

Inverse normal cumulative distribution (Inverse Normal)

Binomial probability (Binomial PD)

Binomial cumulative distribution (Binomial CD)

Poisson probability (Poisson PD)

Poisson cumulative distribution (Poisson CD)

• If you selected Normal PD, Normal CD, or Inverse Normal as the

calculation type, go to step 4 of this procedure. For any other

calculation type, go to step 3.

3. On the dialog box that appears, select a data (x) input method.

• To input multiple x data items at the same time, press (List). To

input a single data item, press (Variable).

• If you selected (List) above, a list screen will appear at this time so

you can input the x data items.

4. Input values for the variables.

• The variables that require data input depend on the calculation type

you selected in step 2 of this procedure.

5. After inputting values for all of the variables, press .

• This displays the calculation results.

• Pressing  while a calculation result is displayed will return to the

variable input screen.

Note

• If you selected something other than “List” in step 3 of this procedure the

calculation result will be stored in Ans memory.

• Distribution calculation accuracy is up to six significant digits.

To change the distribution calculation type: Press (Select Type)

and then select the distribution type you want.

Variables that Accept Input

Distribution calculation variables that accept input values are those below.

Normal PD: x, σ, μ

Normal CD: Lower, Upper, σ, μ

Inverse Normal: Area, σ, μ (Tail setting always left.)

Binomial PD, Binomial CD: x, N, p

Poisson PD, Poisson CD: x, λ

x: data, σ: standard deviation (σ > 0), μ, λ: mean, Lower: lower boundary,

Upper: upper boundary, Area: probability value (0 ≦ Area ≦ 1), N: number

of trials, p: success probability (0 ≦ p ≦ 1)

31

List Screen

You can input up to 45 data samples for each variable. Calculation results

are also displayed on the List Screen.

(1) Distribution calculation type

(2) Value at current cursor position

(3) Data (x)

(4) Calculation results (P)

To edit data: Move the cursor to the cell that contains the data you want to

edit, input the new data, and then press .

To delete data: Move the cursor to the data you want to delete and then

press .

To insert data: Move the cursor to the position where you want to insert the

data, press (Editor)(Insert Row), and then input the data.

To delete all data: Press (Editor)(Delete All).

Distribution Mode Calculation Examples

To calculate the normal probability density when x = 36, σ = 2, μ = 35

1. Perform the key operation below to select Normal PD.

(Select Type)(Normal PD)

• This displays the variable input

screen.

2. Input values for x, σ, and μ. 36235

3. Press .

• This displays the calculation results. (p=) 0.1760326634

• Pressing  again or pressing  returns to the variable input

screen in step 1 of this procedure.

Note: You can assign the currently displayed solution to a variable. While

the solution is displayed, press  and then the key that corresponds to

the name of the variable to which you want to assign it.

To calculate binomial probability for the data {10, 11, 12, 13} when N = 15

and p = 0.6

1. Perform the key operation below to select Binomial PD.

(Select Type)(Binomial PD)

2. Because you want to input four data (x) values, press (List) here.

• This displays the List Screen.

3. Input a value for x. 10111213

4. After inputting all of the values, press .

• This displays the variable input screen.

5. Input values for N and p. 150.6

6. Press .

• This returns to the List Screen, with

the calculation result for each x value

shown in the P column.

Pressing  returns to the variable input screen in step 4 of this procedure.

Note

• Changing any x value in step 6 of the above procedure will clear all

calculation results and return to step 2. In this case, all of the other x

values (except for the one you changed), and the values assigned to

32

variables N and p remain the same. This means you can repeat a

calculation changing only one specific value.

• On the List Screen, you can assign the value in a cell to a variable. Move

the cell cursor to cell that contains the value you want to assign, press

, and then press the key that corresponds to the desired variable

name.

• An error message appears if the input value is outside the allowable

range. “ERROR” will appear in the P column of the Result Screen when

the value input for the corresponding data is outside the allowable range.

Using Spreadsheet

To perform the operations in this section, first enter the Spreadsheet Mode.

The Spreadsheet Mode makes it possible to

perform calculations using a 45-row × 5-

column (cell A1 to E45) spreadsheet.

(1) Row numbers (1 to 45)

(2) Column letters (A to E)

(3) Cell cursor: Indicates the currently

selected cell.

(4) Edit box: Shows the contents of the cell

where the cell cursor is currently located.

Important: Any time you exit the Spreadsheet Mode, turn off the calculator

or press the  key, every input into the spreadsheet is cleared.

Inputting and Editing Cell Contents

You can input a constant or a formula into each cell.

Constants: A constant is something whose value is fixed as soon as you

finalize its input. A constant can be either a numeric value, or a calculation

formula (such as 7+3, sin30, A1×2, etc.) that does not have an equal sign

(=) in front of it.

Formula: A formula that starts out with an equal sign (=), such as =A1×2, is

executed as it is written.

Note: Up to 10 bytes can be input into each cell in the case of a constant.

In the case of a formula, you can input up to 49 bytes into each cell.

Inputting a formula into a cell requires 11 bytes in addition to the number of

bytes for the actual formula data.

To display the remaining input capacity: Press (Free Space).

To input a constant and/or formula into a cell

Ex 1: Into cells A1, A2, and A3, input constants 7×5, 7×6, and A2+7

respectively. And then, input the following formula into cell B1: =A1+7.

1. Move the cell cursor to cell A1.

2. Perform the key operation below.

7576(A)7

3. Move the cell cursor to cell B1, and then perform the key operation

below.

(=)(A)7

Note: You can specify whether a formula in the edit box should be

displayed as it is or as its calculation result value.

33

To edit existing cell data

1. Move the cell cursor to the cell whose contents you want to edit, and

then press (Edit Cell).

• Cell contents in the edit box will change from align right to align left. A

text cursor will appear in the edit box so you can edit its contents.

2. Use  and  to move the cursor around the contents of the cell, and

edit them as required.

3. To finalize and apply your edits, press .

To input a cell reference name using the Grab command

The Grab command can be used in place of manual reference name (such

as A1) input using a key operation to select and input a cell you want to

reference.

Ex 2: Continuing from Ex 1, input the following formula into cell B2: =A2+7.

1. Move the cell cursor to cell B2.

2. Perform the key operation below.

(=)(Grab)

7

Cell Relative and Absolute References

There are two types of cell reference: relative and absolute.

Relative cell reference: The cell reference (A1) in a formula like =A1+7 is a

relative reference, which means that it changes depending on the cell

where the formula is located. If the formula =A1+7 is originally located in

cell B1, for example, copying and then pasting to cell C3 will result in

=B3+7 being input into cell C3. Since the copy and paste operation moves

the formula one column (B to C) and two rows (1 to 3) causes the A1

relative cell reference in the formula to change to B3. If the result of a copy

and paste operation causes a relative cell reference name to change to

something that is outside the range of the spreadsheet cells, the applicable

column letter and/or row number will be replaced by a question mark (?),

and “ERROR” will be displayed as the cell’s data.

Absolute cell reference: If you want the row or the column, or both the row

and the column parts of a cell reference name to remain the same no matter

where you paste them, you need to create an absolute cell reference name.

To create an absolute cell reference put a dollar sign () in front of the

column name and/or row number. You can use one of three different

absolute cell references: absolute column with relative row (A1), relative

column with absolute row (A1), or absolute row and column (A1).

To input the absolute cell reference symbol ()

While inputting a formula into a cell, press ().

To cut and paste spreadsheet data

1. Move the cursor to the cell whose data you want to cut and then press

(Cut & Paste).

• This enters paste standby. To cancel paste standby, press .

2. Move the cursor to the cell into which you want to paste the data you

just cut, and then press .

34

• Pasting data simultaneously deletes the data from the cell where you

performed the cut operation, and automatically cancels paste

standby.

Note: In the case of a cut and paste operation, cell references do not

change when pasted, regardless of whether they are relative or absolute.

To copy and paste spreadsheet data

1. Move the cursor to the cell whose data you want to copy and then press

(Copy & Paste).

• This enters paste standby. To cancel paste standby, press .

2. Move the cursor to the cell into which you want to paste the data you

just copied, and then press .

• Paste standby remains enabled until you press , so you can paste

the copied data to other cells, if you want.

Note: When you copy the contents of a cell that contains a formula with a

relative reference, the relative reference will change in accordance with the

location of the cell where the contents are pasted.

To delete input data from a specic cell

Move the cell cursor to the cell whose contents you want to delete and then

press .

To delete the contents of all the cells in a spreadsheet

Press (Delete All).

Using Variables (A, B, C, D, E, F, M, x, y)

You can use  to assign the value of a cell to a variable. You can also use

(RECALL) to input the value assigned to a variable into a cell.

Using Spreadsheet Mode Special Commands

In the Spreadsheet Mode, the commands below can be used inside

formulas or constants. These command are on the menu that appears when

you press .

Min( Returns the minimum of the values in a specified range of cells.

Syntax: Min(start cell:end cell)

Max( Returns the maximum of the values in a specified range of cells.

Syntax: Max(start cell:end cell)

Mean( Returns the mean of the values in a specified range of cells.

Syntax: Mean(start cell:end cell)

Sum( Returns the sum of the values in a specified range of cells.

Syntax: Sum(start cell:end cell)

Ex 3: Continuing from Ex 1, input the formula =Sum(A1:A3), which

calculates the sum of cells A1, A2, and A3, into cell A4.

1. Move the cell cursor to cell A4.

2. Input =Sum(A1:A3).

(=)(Sum)

(A)(:)(A)

3. Press .

35

Batch Inputting the Same Formula or Constant into

Multiple Cells

You can use the procedures in this section to input the same formula or

constant into a specific series of cells. Use the Fill Formula command to

batch input a formula, or Fill Value to batch input a constant.

Note: If the input formula or constant includes a relative reference, the

relative reference will be input in accordance with the upper left cell of the

specified range. If the input formula or constant includes an absolute

reference, the absolute reference will be input into all of the cells in the

specified range.

To batch input the same formula into a series of cells

Ex 4: Continuing from Ex 1, batch input into cells B1, B2, and B3 a formula

that doubles the value of the cell to the left and then subtracts 3.

1. Move the cell cursor to cell B1.

2. Press (Fill Formula).

• This displays a Fill Formula dialog box.

3. In the “Form” row, input the formula “=2A1–3”: 2(A)3.

• Input of the equals symbol (=) at the beginning is not required.

4. Move the highlighting to the “Range” line and specify B1:B3 as the

range of the batch input.



5. To apply the input, press .

• This inputs =2A1–3 into cell B1,

=2A2–3 into cell B2, and =2A3–3

into cell B3.

To batch input the same constant into a series of cells

Ex 5: Continuing from Ex 4, batch input into cells C1, C2, and C3 the values

that are triple those of the cells to the left.

1. Move the cell cursor to cell C1.

2. Press (Fill Value).

• This displays a Fill Value dialog box.

3. In the “Value” line, input the constant B1×3: (B)3.

4. Move the highlighting to the “Range” line and specify C1:C3 as the

range of the batch input.



5. To apply the input, press .

• This inputs the values of each

calculation result into cells C1, C2,

and C3.

Recalculation

Auto Calc is a setup item. Depending on the content of the spreadsheet,

auto recalculation can take a long time to complete. When Auto Calc is

disabled (Off), you need to execute recalculation manually as required.

To perform recalculation manually: Press (Recalculate).

36

Scientific Constants

Your calculator comes with 47 built-in scientific constants.

Example: To input the scientific constant c0 (speed of light in a vacuum),

and display its value

1. Press (CONST) to display a

menu of scientific constant categories.

2. Press (Universal) to display a menu

of scientific constants in the Universal

category.

3. Press (c0).299792458

• The values are based on CODATA (2010) recommended values.

Metric Conversion

You can use the metric conversion commands to convert from one unit of

measurement to another.

Example: To convert 5 cm into inches (LineI/LineO)

1. Input the value to be converted and display the metric conversion

menu.

5(CONV)

2. On the conversion category menu that appears, select “Length”.

(Length)

3. Select the centimeters-to-inches conversion command and then

perform the conversion.

(cmin)

Note

• Conversion formula data is based on the “NIST Special Publication 811

(2008)”.

• The Jcal command performs conversion for values at a temperature of

15°C.

Errors

The calculator will display an error message whenever an error occurs for

any reason during a calculation. While an error message is displayed, press

 or  to return to the calculation screen. The cursor will be positioned

at the location where the error occurred, ready for input.

To clear the error message: While an error message is displayed, press

 to return to the calculation screen. Note that this also clears the

calculation that contained the error.

37

Error Messages

Math ERROR

• The intermediate or final result of the calculation you are performing

exceeds the allowable calculation range.

• Your input exceeds the allowable input range (particularly when using

functions).

• The calculation you are performing contains an illegal mathematical

operation (such as division by zero).

→Check the input values, reduce the number of digits, and try again.

→When using independent memory or a variable as the argument of a

function, make sure that the memory or variable value is within the

allowable range for the function.

Stack ERROR

• The calculation you are performing has caused the capacity of the

numeric stack or the command stack to be exceeded.

• The calculation you are performing has caused the capacity of the matrix

or vector stack to be exceeded.

→Simplify the calculation expression so it does not exceed the capacity

of the stack.

→Try splitting the calculation into two or more parts.

Syntax ERROR

• There is a problem with the format of the calculation you are performing.

Argument ERROR

• There is a problem with the argument of the calculation you are

performing.

Dimension ERROR (Matrix and Vector Modes only)

• The matrix or vector you are trying to use in a calculation was input

without specifying its dimension.

• You are trying to perform a calculation with matrices or vectors whose

dimensions do not allow that type of calculation.

→Specify the dimension of the matrix or vector and then perform the

calculation again.

→Check the dimensions specified for the matrices or vectors to see if

they are compatible with the calculation.

Variable ERROR (SOLVE feature only)

• An attempt to execute SOLVE for an expression input without any

variable included.

→Input an expression that includes a variable.

Cannot Solve (SOLVE feature only)

• The calculator could not obtain a solution.

→Check for errors in the equation that you input.

→Input a value for the solution variable that is close to the expected

solution and try again.

Range ERROR

• An attempt to generate a number table in the Table Mode whose

conditions cause it to exceed the maximum number of allowable rows.

• During batch input in the Spreadsheet Mode, input for Range is outside

the allowable range or is a cell name that does not exist.

→Narrow the table calculation range by changing the Start, End, and

Step values, and try again.

→For Range, input a cell name within the range of A1 through E45, using

the syntax: “A1:A1”.

Time Out

38

• The current differential or integration calculation ends without the ending

condition being fulfilled.

→Try increasing the tol value. Note that this also decreases solution

precision.

Circular ERROR (Spreadsheet Mode only)

• There is a circular reference (such as “=A1” in cell A1) in the

spreadsheet.

→Change cell contents to remove the circular references.

Memory ERROR (Spreadsheet Mode only)

• You are attempting to input data that exceeds the allowable input

capacity (1,700 bytes).

• You are attempting to input data that results in a chain of consecutive cell

references (such as cell A2 referenced from cell A1, cell A3 referenced

from cell A2…, etc.) This type of input always causes this error to be

generated, even if memory capacity (1,700 bytes) is not exceeded.

• Memory capacity was exceeded because a formula that includes a

relative cell reference was copied, or because of batch input of formulas

that use relative cell references.

→Delete unneeded data and input data again.

→Minimize input that results in a chain of consecutive cell references.

→Shorten the formula being copied or the formulas being batch input.

Before Assuming Malfunction of the

Calculator...

Note that you should make separate copies of important data before

performing these steps.

1. Check the calculation expression to make sure that it does not contain

any errors.

2. Make sure that you are using the correct mode for the type of

calculation you are trying to perform.

3. If the above steps do not correct your problem, press the  key.

• This will cause the calculator to perform a routine that checks

whether calculation functions are operating correctly. If the calculator

discovers any abnormality, it automatically initializes the calculation

mode and clears memory contents.

4. Return the calculation mode and setup (except for the Contrast setting)

to their initial default settings by performing the following operation:

(RESET)(Setup Data)(Yes).

Replacing the Battery

A low battery is indicated by a dim display, even if contrast is adjusted, or

by failure of figures to appear on the display immediately after you turn on

the calculator. If this happens, replace the battery with a new one.

Important: Removing the battery will cause all of the calculator’s memory

contents to be deleted.

39

1. Press (OFF) to turn off

the calculator.

• To ensure that you do not

accidentally turn on power

while replacing the battery,

slide the hard case onto the

front of the calculator.

2. As shown in the illustration,

remove the cover, remove the

battery, and then load a new

battery with its plus (+) and

minus (−) ends facing

correctly.

3. Replace the cover.

4. Initialize the calculator: (RESET)(Initialize All)(Yes).

• Do not skip the above step!

Technical Information

Calculation Range and Precision

Calculation Range ±1 × 10-99 to ±9.999999999 × 1099 or 0

Number of Digits for

Internal Calculation 15 digits

Precision

In general, ±1 at the 10th digit for a single

calculation. Precision for exponential display is

±1 at the least significant digit. Errors are

cumulative in the case of consecutive

calculations.

Function Calculation Input Ranges and Precision

Functions Input Range

sinx

cosx

Degree 0 ≦ |x| < 9 × 109

Radian 0 ≦ |x| < 157079632.7

Gradian 0 ≦ |x| < 1 × 1010

tanx

Degree Same as sinx, except when |x| = (2n−1) × 90.

Radian Same as sinx, except when |x| = (2n−1) × π/2.

Gradian Same as sinx, except when |x| = (2n−1) × 100.

sin-1x, cos-1x0 ≦ |x| ≦ 1

tan-1x0 ≦ |x| ≦ 9.999999999 × 1099

sinhx, coshx0 ≦ |x| ≦ 230.2585092

sinh-1x0 ≦ |x| ≦ 4.999999999 × 1099

cosh-1x1 ≦ x ≦ 4.999999999 × 1099

40

tanhx0 ≦ |x| ≦ 9.999999999 × 1099

tanh-1x0 ≦ |x| ≦ 9.999999999 × 10-1

logx, lnx0 < x ≦ 9.999999999 × 1099

10x-9.999999999 × 1099 ≦ x ≦ 99.99999999

ex-9.999999999 × 1099 ≦ x ≦ 230.2585092

𝑥0 ≦ x < 1 × 10100

x2|x| < 1 × 1050

x-1 |x| < 1 × 10100 ; x ≠ 0

𝑥

3|x| < 1 × 10100

x!0 ≦ x ≦ 69 (x is an integer)

nPr0 ≦ n < 1 × 1010, 0 ≦ r ≦ n (n, r are integers)

1 ≦ {n!/(n−r)!} < 1 × 10100

nCr0 ≦ n < 1 × 1010, 0 ≦ r ≦ n (n, r are integers)

1 ≦ n!/r! < 1 × 10100 or 1 ≦ n!/(n−r)! < 1 × 10100

Pol(x, y)|x|, |y| ≦ 9.999999999 × 1099

𝑥2+𝑦

2 ≦ 9.999999999 × 1099

Rec(r, θ)0 ≦ r ≦ 9.999999999 × 1099

θ: Same as sinx

°’ ”

|a|, b, c < 1 × 10100 ; 0 ≦ b, c

The display seconds value is subject to an error of ±1 at

the second decimal place.

°’ ”

|x| < 1 × 10100

Decimal ↔ Sexagesimal Conversions

0°0’0” ≦ |x| ≦ 9999999°59’59”

xy

x > 0: -1 × 10100 < ylogx < 100

x = 0: y > 0

x < 0: y = n, 𝑚

2𝑛 + 1 (m, n are integers)

However: -1 × 10100 < ylog |x| < 100

𝑦

𝑥

y > 0: x ≠ 0, -1 × 10100 < 1/x logy < 100

y = 0: x > 0

y < 0: x = 2n+1, 2𝑛 + 1

𝑚 (m ≠ 0; m, n are integers)

However: -1 × 10100 < 1/x log |y| < 100

a b/c

Total of integer, numerator, and denominator must be 10

digits or less (including separator symbol).

RanInt#(a, b)a < b; |a|, |b| < 1 × 1010; b − a < 1 × 1010

41

• Precision is basically the same as that described under “Calculation

Range and Precision”, above.

•xy, 𝑦

𝑥,

3, x!, nPr, nCr type functions require consecutive internal

calculation, which can cause accumulation of errors that occur with each

calculation.

• Error is cumulative and tends to be large in the vicinity of a function’s

singular point and inflection point.

• The range for calculation results that can be displayed in π form when

MathI/MathO is selected for Input/Output on the setup menu is |x| < 106.

Note, however, that internal calculation error can make it impossible to

display some calculation results in π form. It also can cause calculation

results that should be in decimal form to appear in π form.

Specications

Power Requirements:

fx-570EX: AAA-size battery R03 (UM-4) × 1

fx-991EX: Built-in solar cell; button battery LR44 × 1

Approximate Battery Life:

2 years (based on one hour of operation per day)

Power Consumption: 0.0006 W (fx-570EX)

Operating Temperature: 0°C to 40°C (32°F to 104°F)

Dimensions:

fx-570EX: 13.8 (H) × 77 (W) × 165.5 (D) mm

1/2” (H) × 3” (W) × 61/2” (D)

fx-991EX: 11.1 (H) × 77 (W) × 165.5 (D) mm

3/8” (H) × 3” (W) × 61/2” (D)

Approximate Weight:

fx-570EX: 100 g (3.5 oz) including the battery

fx-991EX: 90 g (3.2 oz) including the battery

■■ Frequently Asked Questions ■■

How can I change a fraction form result produced by a division

operation to decimal form?

→While a fraction calculation result is displayed, press . To have

calculation results initially appear as decimal values, change the setup

menu Input/Output setting to MathI/DecimalO.

What is the difference between Ans memory, independent memory, and

variable memory?

→Each of these types of memory acts like “containers” for temporary

storage of a single value.

Ans Memory: Stores the result of the last calculation performed. Use

this memory to carry the result of one calculation on to the next.

Independent Memory: Use this memory to totalize the results of

multiple calculations.

Variables: This memory is helpful when you need to uses the same

value multiple times in one or more calculations.

What is the key operation to take me from the Statistics Mode or Table

Mode to a mode where I can perform arithmetic calculations?

→Press (Calculate).

How can I return the calculator to its initial default settings?

→Perform the following operation to initialize calculator settings (except

the Contrast setting): (RESET)(Setup Data)(Yes).

42

When I execute a function calculation, why do I get a calculation result

that is completely different from older CASIO calculator models?

→With a Natural Textbook Display model, the argument of a function that

uses parentheses must be followed by a closing parenthesis. Failing to

press  after the argument to close the parentheses may cause

unwanted values or expressions to be included as part of the

argument.

Example: (sin 30) + 15 (Angle Unit: Degree)

Older (S-V.P.A.M.) Model: 301515.5

Natural Textbook Display Model:

(LineI/LineO) 3015 15.5

Failure to press  here as shown below will result in calculation of sin

45.

30150.7071067812

43

Reference Sheet

Scientic Constants (CONST)

(Universal) : h :: c0

: ε0: μ0: Z0

: G : lP: tP

(Electromagnetic) : μN: μB: e

:

Φ

0: G0: KJ

: RK

(Atomic&Nuclear) : mp: mn: me

: mμ: a0: α

: re: λC: γp

: λCp : λCn : R∞

: μp: μe: μn

: μμ: mτ

(Physico-Chem) : u : F: NA

: k : Vm: R

: c1: c2: σ

(Adopted Values) : g : atm : RK-90

: KJ-90

(Other) : t

Metric Conversion (CONV)

(Length) : incm : cmin

: ftm: mft

: ydm: myd

: milekm : kmmile

: n milem: mn mile

:pckm : kmpc

(Area) :acrem2: m2acre

(Volume) : gal(US)L: Lgal(US)

: gal(UK)L: Lgal(UK)

(Mass) : ozg: goz

: lbkg : kglb

(Velocity) : km/hm/s : m/skm/h

(Pressure) : atmPa : Paatm

: mmHgPa : PammHg

: kgf/cm2Pa : Pakgf/cm2

: lbf/in2kPa : kPalbf/in2

(Energy) : kgf・mJ: Jkgf・m

: Jcal : calJ

(Power) : hpkW : kWhp

(Temperature) : °F°C : °C°F

44

Manufacturer:

CASIO COMPUTER CO., LTD.

6-2, Hon-machi 1-chome

Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 151-8543, Japan

Responsible within the European Union:

CASIO EUROPE GmbH

Casio-Platz 1

22848 Norderstedt, Germany

This mark applies in EU countries only.

© 2015 CASIO COMPUTER CO., LTD.

Printed in ChinaSA1412-A