Chengdu Ebyte Electronic Technology E19 Wireless transceiver module User Manual

SX1276 Wireless Module

E19(915M30S) Series

User Manual

SX1276 Wireless Module User Manual of E19(915M30S) Series Modules

This manual may be modified based on product upgrade, please refer to the latest version.

All rights to interpret and modify this manual belong to Chengdu Ebyte Electronic Technology Co., Ltd.

Version

Date

Description

Issued by

1.00

2018/1/15

Initial version

huaa

Brief Introduction

E19(915M30S) series wireless transceiver modules, operating at 903~927MHz (Default: 915MHz), are based on originally imported

RFIC SX1276 from SEMTECH, with transparent transmission available, TTL level, compatible with 3.3V. The modules adopt LoRa

spread-spectrum technology, which means the transmitting distance is much longer than before. The advantages of the modules are more

concentrated power density and better anti-interference performance. SX1276 is a meaningful milestone in low speed communication

which is favored by insiders. This series are applied in open and clear air, industrial and living areas with a few obstacles. 915MHz is a

North American frequency. Mass production has been conducted to export to North American countries.

Modules with transmitting power at 30dBm have PA and LNA to maintain the stability of communication and extend the distance of

communication. Modules with transmitting power at 20dBm apply industrial crystal oscillator to ensure the stability and consistency. The

accuracy is better than the most popular 10ppm. The series are widely applied in the following fields such as water, gas, electricity meters,

IoT reform and intelligent furniture. The module has the function of data encryption & compression. The data of the module transmitted

over the air feature randomness. With the rigorous encryption & decryption, data interception becomes pointless. The function of data

compression decreases the transmission time & probability of being interfered, while improving the reliability & transmission efficiency.

E19(915M30S) series strictly stick to the appearance design rules home and abroad like FCC, CE, CCC and meet the related RF

certifications and export standards.

SX1276 Wireless Module User Manual of E19(915M30S) Series Modules

CONTENTS

1. Features ............................................................................................................................................................ 4

2. Function Description ....................................................................................................................................... 5

2.1 Fixed Transmission ............................................................................................................................................................. 5

2.2 Broadcast Transmission ...................................................................................................................................................... 5

2.3 Broadcast Address .............................................................................................................................................................. 5

2.4 Monitor Address .................................................................................................................................................................. 5

2.5 Reset.................................................................................................................................................................................. 6

2.6 AUX Description ................................................................................................................................................................. 6

2.6.1 Indication of UART Output ................................................................................................................................................ 6

2.6.2 Indication of Wireless Transmitting .................................................................................................................................. 6

2.6.3 Configuration Procedure of Module ................................................................................................................................ 6

2.6.4 Notes for AUX ..................................................................................................................................................................... 7

3. Operating Mode .............................................................................................................................................. 7

3.1 Mode Switch ....................................................................................................................................................................... 7

3.2 Normal Mode (Mode 0) ....................................................................................................................................................... 8

3.3 Wake-up Mode (Mode 1) ..................................................................................................................................................... 8

3.4 Power-saving Mode (Mode 2) .............................................................................................................................................. 9

3.5 Sleep Mode (Mode 3) .......................................................................................................................................................... 9

4. Instruction Format........................................................................................................................................... 9

4.1 Default Parameter ............................................................................................................................................................... 9

4.2 Reading Operating Parameters ......................................................................................................................................... 10

4.3 Reading Version Number .................................................................................................................................................. 10

4.4 Reset Instruction ............................................................................................................................................................... 10

4.5 Parameter Setting Instruction ............................................................................................................................................ 10

5. Parameter Setting .......................................................................................................................................... 12

6. FAQ .................................................................................................................................................................. 12

6.1 Communication range is too short ..................................................................................................................................... 12

6.2 Module is easy to damage ................................................................................................................................................. 12

7. Important Notes ............................................................................................................................................ 13

8. About Us ......................................................................................................................................................... 13

SX1276 Wireless Module User Manual of E19(915M30S) Series Modules

1. Features

 LoRa: LoRa spread-spectrum means the transmitting distance is much longer than before. Confidentiality is high and the

possibility of being intercepted is extremely low. LoRa features strong ability of anti-interference, strong inhibitory capacity for the

co-channel interference and all kinds of noises, and excellent performance of anti multipath fading.

 Ultra-low power consumption: It supports WOR to reduce overall power consumption. In power-saving mode (Mode 2), it can

regulate overall power consumption by setting receiving response delay. The maximum receiving response delay can be configured

as 2000ms, and the average current is about 30uA.

 Fixed transmission: Module can communicate with other modules which work in different channels and addresses. It makes

networking and repeater easy. For example: module A transmits AA BB CC to module B (address: 0x00 01, channel: 0x80). The HEX

format is 00 01 80 AA BB CC (00 01 refers to the address of module B, and 80 refers to the channel of module B). Then module B

receives AA BB CC (only module B).

 Broadcast transmission: To set the module address as 0xFFFF, then the module can communicate with other modules in the

same channel.

 FEC: Forward Error Correction has high coding efficiency & good correction performance. In case of sudden interference, it can

correct the interfered data packets proactively, so that the reliability & transmission range are improved correspondingly. Without

FEC, those data packets can only be dropped.

 Sleep mode: When the module works in sleep mode (mode 3), it is available for configuration, not for transmitting & receiving.

The typical current is 6.0uA in this mode.

 Watchdog: With a built-in watchdog, the module runs precise layout and time. Once an exception occurs, the module will restart

in 0.107 second, and continue to work according to the previous parameters.

 Parameter saving: The parameters will be saved after setting and will not be reset when powered off. Once powered on, it will

work according to the previous parameters.

 Application: 915M is a North American frequency. Compared with 2.4G, it is better in penetration and diffraction but with less

speed rate.

SX1276 Wireless Module User Manual of E19(915M30S) Series Modules

2. Function Description

2.1 Fixed Transmission

2.2 Broadcast Transmission

2.3 Broadcast Address

 For example: Set the address of module A as 0xFFFF or 0 x0000, and channel as 0x04;

 When module is the transmitter (transparent transmission), all modules under channel 0x04 will receive the data, the purpose of

broadcast is realized.

2.4 Monitor Address

 For example: Set the address of module A as 0xFFFF or 0x0000, and channel as 0x04;

 When module A is the receiver, it can receive the data sent from all modules under channel 0x04. The purpose of monitor is realized.

SX1276 Wireless Module User Manual of E19(915M30S) Series Modules

2.5 Reset

When the module is powered, AUX outputs low level immediately, conducts hardware self-check and sets the operating mode on the basis of the

user parameters. During the process, the AUX keeps low level. After the process completed, AUX outputs high level and starts to work as per the

operating mode combined by M1 and M0. Therefore, the user needs to wait the AUX rising edge as the starting point of module’s normal work.

2.6 AUX Description

AUX Pin can be used as indication for wireless send & receive buffer and self-check. It can indicate whether there are data that are not sent yet via

wireless way, or whether all wireless data has been sent through UART, or whether the module is still in the process of self-check initialization.

2.6.1 Indication of UART Output

To wake up external MCU:

2.6.2 Indication of Wireless Transmitting

 Buffer (empty): the internal 512 bytes data in the buffer are written to the RFIC (Auto sub-packaging).

 When AUX=1, the user can input data less than 512 bytes continuously without overflow. Buffer (not empty): when AUX=0, the

internal 512 bytes data in the buffer have not been written to the RFIC completely. If the user starts to transmit data at this

circumstance, it may cause overtime when the module is waiting for the user data, or transmitting wireless sub package.

 Notes: When AUX = 1, it does not mean that all the UART data of the module have been transmitted already, perhaps the last packet

of data is still in transmission.

2.6.3 Configuration Procedure of Module

Only happened when power-on resetting or exiting sleep mode.

SX1276 Wireless Module User Manual of E19(915M30S) Series Modules

2.6.4 Notes for AUX

 For function 1 & function 2 mentioned above, the priority should be given to the one with low level output, which means if it meets

each of any low level output condition, AUX outputs low level, if none of the low level condition is met, AUX outputs high level.

 When AUX outputs low level, it means the module is busy & cannot conduct operating mode checking. Within 1ms since AUX

outputs high level, the mode switch will be completed.

 After switching to new operating mode, it will not work in the new mode immediately until AUX rising edge lasts for 2ms. If AUX

stays on the high level, the operating mode can be switched immediately.

 When the user switches to other operating modes from mode 3 (sleep mode) or it’s still in reset process, the module will reset user

parameters. During it, AUX outputs low level.

3. Operating Mode

The table below shows the status of M1 & M0 and the corresponding modes: •

Mode（0-3）

M1

M0

Mode introduction

Remark

Mode 0

Normal

0

UART and wireless channel are open. Transparent transmission is on

The receiver must work in

mode 0 or mode 1

Mode 1

Wake-up

1

0

UART and wireless channel are open. The difference between

normal mode and wake-up mode is that it will add preamble code

automatically before data packet transmission so that it can awaken

the receiver works in mode 2

The receiver can work in

mode 0, mode 1 or mode 2

Mode 2

Power-saving

0

1

UART is disabled. Wireless module works at WOR mode (wake on

radio). It will open the UART and transmit data after receiving the

wireless data

1. The transmitter must

work in mode 1

2. Transmitting is not

allowed in this mode

Mode 3

Sleep

1

Parameter setting

More in working parameter

3.1 Mode Switch

 The user can decide the operating mode by the combination of M1 and M0. The two GPIOs of MCU can be used to switch mode.

After modifying M1 or M0, it will start to work in new mode 1ms later if the module is free. If there are any serial data that are yet to

finish wireless transmitting, it will start to work in new mode after the UART transmitting finished. After the module receives the

wireless data & transmits the data through serial port, it will start to work in new mode after the transmitting finished. Therefore,

SX1276 Wireless Module User Manual of E19(915M30S) Series Modules

the mode-switch is only valid when AUX outputs 1, otherwise it will delay.

 For example, in mode 0 or mode 1, if the user inputs massive data consecutively and switches operating mode at the same time, the

mode-switch operation is invalid. New mode checking can only be started after all the user’s data process completed. It is

recommended to check AUX pin out status and wait 2ms after AUX outputs high level before switching the mode.

 If the module switches from other modes to stand-by mode, it will work in stand-by mode only after all the remained data process

completed. The feature can be used to save power consumption. For example, when the transmitter works in mode 0, after the

external MCU transmits data “12345”, it can switch to sleep mode immediately without waiting the rising edge of the AUX pin, also

the user’s main MCU will go dormancy immediately. Then the module will transmit all the data through wireless transmission & go

dormancy 1ms later automatically, which reduces MCU working time & save power.

 Likewise, this feature can be used in any mode-switch. The module will start to work in new mode within 1ms after completing

present mode task, which enables the user to omit the procedure of AUX inquiry and switch mode swiftly. For example, when

switching from transmitting mode to receiving mode, the user MCU can go dormancy before mode-switch, using external interrupt

function to get AUX change so that the mode-switch can be realized.

 This operation is very flexible and efficient. It is totally designed on the basis of the user MCU’s convenience, at the same time the

work load and power consumption of the whole system has been reduced and the efficiency of whole system is largely improved.

3.2 Normal Mode (Mode 0)

When M1 = 0 & M0 = 0, module works in mode 0

Transmitting

The module can receive the user data via serial port, and transmit wireless data package of 58 bytes. When the data

inputted by user is up to 58 byte, the module will start wireless transmission. During which the user can input data

continuously for transmission.

When the required transmission bytes are less than 58 bytes, the module will wait 3-byte time and treat it as data

termination unless continuous data inputted by user. Then the module will transmit all the data through wireless

channel.

When the module receives the first data packet from user, the AUX outputs low level.

After all the data are transmitted into RF chip and transmission start , AUX outputs high level.

At this time, it means that the last wireless data package transmission is started, which enables the user to input another

512 bytes continuously. The data package transmitted from the module working in mode 0 can only be received by the

module working in mode 0 or 1.

Receiving

The wireless receiving function of the module is on, the data packet transmitted from the module working in mode 0 &

mode 1 can be received.

After the data packet is received, the AUX outputs low level, 5ms later the module starts to transmit wireless data

through serial port TXD pin.

After all the wireless data have been transmitted via serial port, the AUX outputs high level.

3.3 Wake-up Mode (Mode 1)

When M1 = 0 & M0 = 1, module works in mode 1

Transmitting

The condition of data packet transmission & AUX function is the same as mode 0. The only difference is that the

module will add preamble code before each data packet automatically. The preamble code length depends on the

wake-up time set in the user parameters. The purpose of the preamble code is waking up the receiving module works in

mode 2. Therefore, the data package transmitted from mode 1 can be received by mode 0, mode1 and mode 2.

Receiving

The same as that in mode 0.

SX1276 Wireless Module User Manual of E19(915M30S) Series Modules

3.4 Power-saving Mode (Mode 2)

When M1 = 1 & M0 = 0, module works in mode 2

Transmitting

UART is closed, the module cannot receive any serial port data from outside MCU.

Hence the function of wireless transmission is not available for the module working in this mode.

Receiving

In mode 2, it is required the data transmitter works in mode 1.

The wireless module monitors the preamble code at regular time.

Once it gets the preamble code, it will remain as receiving status and waiting for the completion of receiving the entire

valid data package.

Then the AUX outputs low level, 5ms later the serial port is open to transmit received wireless data through TXD. Finally,

AUX outputs high level after process completed.

The wireless module stays in “power-saving – monitoring” working status (polling).

By setting different wake-up time, the module will have different receiving response delay (2s in maximum) and average

power consumption (30uA in minimum).

The user needs to achieve a balance between communication delay time & average power consumption.

3.5 Sleep Mode (Mode 3)

When M1=1, M0=1, module works in mode 3

Transmitting

N/A

Receiving

N/A

Parameter

setting

This mode can be used for parameter setting. It uses serial port 9600 & 8N1 to set module working parameters through

specific instruction format. (please refer to parameters setting for details)

Notes

When the mode changes from sleep mode to others, the module will reset its parameters, during which the AUX keeps low

level and then outputs high level after reset completed. User is recommended to check the AUX rising edge.

4. Instruction Format

In sleep mode（mode 3：M1=1, M0=1）, it supports instructions in the table below.

(Only support 9600 and 8N1 format when setting)

No.

Instruction format

Illustration

1

C0 + working parameters

C0 + 5 bytes working parameters are sent in hexadecimal format. 6 bytes in total and must

be sent in succession.

( Save the parameters when power-down )

2

C1+C1+C1

Three C1 are sent in hexadecimal format. The module returns the saved parameters and

must be sent in succession.

3

C2 + working parameters

C2 + 5 bytes working parameters are sent in hexadecimal format. 6 bytes in total and must

be sent in succession. ( Do not save the parameters when power-down )

4

C3+C3+C3

Three C3 are sent in hexadecimal format. The module returns the version information and

they must be sent in succession.

5

C4+C4+C4

Three C4 are sent in hexadecimal format. The module will reset one time and they must be

sent in succession.

4.1 Default Parameter

Default parameter values：C0 00 00 1A 17 44

Model

Frequency

Address

Channel

Air data rate

Baud rate

Parity

Transmitting power

E44-TTL-100

915MHz

0x0000

0x0F

2.4kbps

9600

8N1

100mW

SX1276 Wireless Module User Manual of E19(915M30S) Series Modules

Default parameter values：C0 00 00 1A 17 44

Model

Frequency

Address

Channel

Air data rate

Baud rate

Parity

Transmitting power

E19(915M30S)

915MHz

0x0000

0x0F

2.4kbps

9600

8N1

1W

4.2 Reading Operating Parameters

Instruction format

Description

C1+C1+C1

In sleep mode（M0=1，M1=1），

User gives the module instruction (HEX format): C1 C1 C1,

Module returns the present configuration parameters.

For example, C0 00 00 1A 17 44.

4.3 Reading Version Number

Instruction format

Description

C3+C3+C3

In sleep mode（M0=1，M1=1）,

User gives the module instruction (HEX format): C3 C3 C3,

Module returns its present version number, for example C3 44 xx yy.

44 here means the module model (E44 series); xx is the version number and yy refers to the other module

features.

4.4 Reset Instruction

Instruction format

Description

C4+C4+C4

In sleep mode（M0=1，M1=1）,

User gives the module instruction (HEX format): C4 C4 C4, the module resets for one time. During the reset

process, the module will conduct self-check, AUX outputs low level. After reset completing, the AUX outputs

high level, then the module starts to work regularly which the working mode can be switched or be given

another instruction.

4.5 Parameter Setting Instruction

No.

Item

Description

Remark

0

HEAD

Fix 0xC0 or 0xC2, it means this frame data is control command

Must be 0xC0 or 0xC2

C0: Save the parameters when power-down

C2: Do not save the parameters when

power-down

1

ADDH

High address byte of module

（the default 00H）

00H-FFH

2

ADDL

Low address byte of module

（the default 00H）

00H-FFH

3

SPED

7

6

UART parity bit

 UART mode can be different between

communication parties

0

8N1（default ）

0

1

8O1

1

0

8E1

1

8N1（equal to 00）

5

4

3

TTL UART baud rate（bps）

 UART baud rate can be different between

communication parties

 The UART baud rate has nothing to do

with wireless transmission parameters &

won’t affect the wireless transmit /

receive features.

0

1200bps

0

1

2400bps

0

1

0

4800bps

0

1

9600bps（default）

1

0

19200bps

1

0

1

38400bps

SX1276 Wireless Module User Manual of E19(915M30S) Series Modules

1

0

57600bps

1

115200bps

2

1

0

Air data rate（bps）

 The lower the air data rate, the longer the

transmitting distance, better

anti-interference performance and longer

transmitting time

 The air data rate must keep the same for

both communication parties.

0

0.3kbps

0

1

1.2kbps

0

1

0

2.4kbps（Default）

0

1

4.8kbps

1

0

9.6kbps

1

0

1

19.2kbps

1

0

19.2kbps（equal to 101）

1

19.2kbps（equal to 101）

4

CHAN

7

6

5

N/A

 0

Communication channel

 00H-1FH，for 900 ~ 931MHz

4-0：Communication channel, default 06H（915MHz）

5

OPTION

7

Fixed transmission（similar to MODBUS）

 In fixed transmission mode, the first

three bytes of each user's data frame can

be used as high/low address and

channel. The module changes its address

and channel when transmit. And it will

revert to original setting after complete

the process.

0

Transparent transmission mode（default）

1

Fixed transmission mode

6

IO drive mode(the default 1)

 This bit is used to the module internal

pull-up resistor. It also increases the

level’s adaptability in case of open

drain. But in some cases, it may need

external pull-up resistor.

1

TXD and AUX push-pull outputs, RXD pull-up inputs

0

TXD、AUX open-collector outputs, RXD open-collector inputs

5

4

3

wireless wake-up time

 The transmit & receive module work in

mode 0, whose delay time is invalid & can

be arbitrary value.

 The transmitter works in mode 1 can

transmit the preamble code of the

corresponding time continuously.

 When the receiver works in mode 2, the

time means the monitor interval time

(wireless wake-up). Only the data from

transmitter that works in mode 1 can be

received.

0

250ms（default）

0

1

500ms

0

1

0

750ms

0

1

1000ms

1

0

1250ms

1

0

1

1500ms

1

0

1750ms

1

2000ms

2

FEC switch

 After turn off FEC, the actual data

transmission rate increases while

anti-interference ability decreases. Also

the transmission distance is relatively

short.

 Both communication parties must keep

on the same pages about turn-on or

turn-off FEC.

0

Turn off FEC

1

Turn on FEC（Default）

1

0

transmission power (approximation)

 For E44-TTL-100

SX1276 Wireless Module User Manual of E19(915M30S) Series Modules

0

20dBm（Default）

 The external power must make sure the

ability of current output more than

250mA and ensure the power supply

ripple within 100mV.

 Low power transmission is not

recommended due to its low power

supply efficiency.

0

1

17dBm

1

0

14dBm

1

10dBm

1

0

transmission power (approximation)

 E19(915M30S)

 The external power must make sure the

ability of current output more than 1A

and ensure the power supply ripple

within 100mV.

 Low power transmission is not

recommended due to its low power

supply efficiency.

0

30dBm（Default）

0

1

27dBm

1

0

24dBm

1

21dBm

For example: The meaning of No.3 "SPED" byte

The binary bit of the byte

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

The specific value

( configured by user)

0

1

0

1

0

Meaning

UART parity bit 8N1

UART baud rate is 9600

Air data rate is 2.4k

Corresponding hexadecimal

1

A

5. Parameter Setting

When the module is in mode 3 (M1=1 M0=1), the parameter can be set by instruction or software in PC.

Please visit www.cdebyte.com to download the software.

6. FAQ

6.1 Communication range is too short

 The communication distance will be affected when obstacle exists.

 Data lose rate will be affected by temperature, humidity and co-channel interference.

 The ground will absorb and reflect wireless radio wave, so the performance will be poor when testing near ground.

 Sea water has great ability in absorbing wireless radio wave, so performance will be poor when testing near the sea.

 The signal will be affected when the antenna is near metal object or put in a metal case.

 Power register was set incorrectly, air data rate is set as too high (the higher the air data rate, the shorter the distance).

 When the power supply at room temperature is lower than the recommended low voltage, the lower the voltage is, the lower the

transmitting power is.

 Due to antenna quality or poor matching between antenna and module.

6.2 Module is easy to damage

 Please check the power supply and ensure it is within the recommended range. Voltage higher than the peak will lead to a

permanent damage to the module.

 Please check the stability of power supply and ensure the voltage not to fluctuate too much.

SX1276 Wireless Module User Manual of E19(915M30S) Series Modules

 Please make sure anti-static measures are taken when installing and using, high frequency devices have electrostatic susceptibility.

 Please ensure the humidity is within limited range for some parts are sensitive to humidity.

 Please avoid using modules under too high or too low temperature.

7. Important Notes

 All rights to interpret and modify this manual belong to Ebyte.

 This manual will be updated based on the upgrade of firmware and hardware, please refer to the latest version.

 Please refer to our website for new product information.

8. About Us

Technical support: support@cdebyte.com

Documents and RF Setting download link: www.cdebyte.com/en/

Tel：+86-28-61399028

Fax：028-64146160

Web：www.cdebyte.com/en/

Address：Innovation Center D347, 4# XI-XIN Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, China

FCC Statement

This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two

conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any

interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.

Any Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could

void the user's authority to operate the equipment.

The modular can be installed or integrated in mobile or fix devices only. This modular cannot be

installed in any portable device .

FCC Radiation Exposure Statement

This modular complies with FCC RF radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment.

This transmitter must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or

transmitter. This modular must be installed and operated with a minimum distance of 20 cm between

the radiator and user body.

If the FCC identification number is not visible when the module is installed inside another device, then

the outside of the device into which the module is installed must also display a label referring to the

enclosed module. This exterior label can use wording such as the following: “Contains Transmitter

Module FCC ID: 2ALPH-E19 Or Contains FCC ID: 2ALPH-E19”

When the module is installed inside another device, the user manual of the host must contain below

SX1276 Wireless Module User Manual of E19(915M30S) Series Modules

warning statements;

1. This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two

conditions:

(1) This device may not cause harmful interference.

(2) This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired

operation.

2. Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void

the user's authority to operate the equipment.

The devices must be installed and used in strict accordance with the manufacturer's instructions as

described in the user documentation that comes with the product.

Chengdu Ebyte Electronic Technology E19 Wireless transceiver module User Manual

Chengdu Ebyte Electronic Technology Co., Ltd. Wireless transceiver module

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