Cisco Linksys WMP54GV2 Wireless-G PCI Adapter User Manual WMP54G V2 UG Rev NC

Cisco-Linksys, LLC Wireless-G PCI Adapter WMP54G V2 UG Rev NC

Contents

User Manual 2

Wireless-G Notebook Adapter19Instant Wireless®Series18The Profiles screen (Figure 7-6) lets you save different configuration profilesfor different network setups. You can also import or export profiles. The defaultprofile holds the initial configuration saved when you ran the Setup Wizard.Profile - Name of the connection profile.SSID - The wireless network’s unique name, as set in the connection profile.Profile InformationNetwork Type - The mode of the wireless network currently in use.Transfer Rate - The data transfer rate of the current connection. (In Automode, the Adapter dynamically shifts to the fastest data transfer rate possibleat any given time.)Channel - The channel to which the wireless network devices are set. WEP - The status of the WEP encryption security feature.Connect - To connect to a wireless network using a specific profile, select theprofile,and click the Connect button. Edit - Select a profile, and click the Edit button to change an existing profile. New - Click the New button to create a new profile. See the next section,“Creating a New Profile,” for detailed instructions.Figure 7-6ProfilesSite InformationWireless Mode - The mode of the wireless network currently in use.Channel - The channel to which the wireless network devices are set. WEP - The status of the WEP encryption security feature.MAC - The MAC address of the wireless network’s access point.Surveyed at - The time at which the wireless network was scanned. Refresh - Click the Refresh button to perform a new search for wirelessdevices. Connect - To connect to one of the networks on the list, select the wireless net-work,and click the Connect button. If the wireless network has WEP encryp-tion enabled, you will see the screen shown in Figure 7-5.In the WEP drop-down box, select the type of WEP encryption used by thewireless network: 64-bit, or 128-bit WEP.If the wireless network uses a passphrase, enter the passphrase in thePassphrase field. If the wireless network uses a WEP key, enter the WEP keyin the Key 1 field. Click the OK button to complete the network connection and return to the SiteSurvey screen, or click the Cancel button to cancel the network connection andreturn to the Site Survey screen.On the Site Survey screen, click the X (Close) button in the upper right cornerto exit the WLAN Monitor.Figure 7-5
Wireless-G Notebook Adapter1. On the Profiles screen, shown in Figure 7-6, click the New button to createa new profile.2. When the Create connectionprofile screen appears (Figure7-9), enter a name for the newprofile. Click OK to save theprofile name or click Cancelto return to the previousscreen.3. The Choose a network type screen (Figure 7-10) shows a choice of twowireless modes. Click the Infrastructure Mode radio button if you wantyour wireless computers to communicate with computers on your wirednetwork via a wireless access point. Click the Ad-Hoc Mode radio buttonif you want multiple wireless computers to communicate directly with eachother. Click the Next button to continue or the Back button to return to theprevious screen.Infrastructure Mode - This mode allows wireless and wired networks tocommunicate through an access point.Ad-Hoc Mode - This mode allows wireless-equipped computers to com-municate directly with each other. No access point is used.21Instant Wireless®Series20Figure 7-10Figure 7-9Creating a New ProfileImport - Clickthe Import but-ton to import aprofile that hasbeen saved inanother location.From the screenthat appears(shown in Figure7-7), select theappropriate file,and click theOpen button.Export - To save the profile(s) ina different location, click theExport button. On the screen thatappears (Figure 7-8), directWindows to the appropriate fold-er and click the OK button.Delete - Click the Delete button to delete a profile. Click the X (Close) button in the upper right corner to exit the WLAN Monitor.Figure 7-7Figure 7-8Note: If you have more than one profile, all profiles will be auto-matically selected and exported to the same folder.
Wireless-G Notebook Adapter23Instant Wireless®Series4. The Wireless Settings screen (Figure 7-11) will appear. If you choseInfrastructure Mode, go to Step 5 now. If you chose Ad-Hoc Mode, selectthe correct operating channel for your network from the Channel drop-down menu. Then, select the Network Mode from the drop-down menu.Click the Next button, and go to Step 5. Click the Back button to changeany settings.Channel - The channel you choose should match the channel set on theother devices in your wireless network. If you are unsure about which chan-nel to use, select the default channel (Channel 6).Network Mode - Select Mixed Mode, and both Wireless-G and Wireless-B computers will be allowed on the network, but the speed will be reduced.Select G-Only Mode for maximum speed, but no Wireless-B users will beallowed on the network. 5. The Network Setting screen (Figure 7-12) will appear.If your network has a DHCP server, click the radio button next to Obtainan IP address automatically (DHCP). Click the Next button to continue,or click the Back button to return to the previous screen.22If your network does not have a DHCP server, click the radio button next toSpecify the IP address. Enter an IP Address, Subnet Mask, DefaultGateway, and DNS appropriate for your network. Enter each address in thisformat: xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx (the x’s represent the numbers that make up eachaddress). You must specify the IP Address and Subnet Mask on this screen.If you are unsure about the Default Gateway and DNS addresses, then leavethese fields alone. IP Address - This IP Address must be unique to your network. Subnet Mask - The Adapter’s Subnet Mask must be the same as your wirednetwork’s Subnet Mask.Default Gateway - Enter the IP address of your network’s Gateway here. DNS - Enter the DNS addresses of your Ethernet (wired) network here. Click the Next button to continue or the Back button to return to the previ-ous screen.6. The Security Settings screen (Figure 7-13) will appear. Enable or disableWired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) encryption for your wireless network. Ifyou enable WEP, enter a Passphrase or WEP key. Click the Next button tocontinue or the Back button to return to the previous screen.Figure 7-12Figure 7-11
Wireless-G Notebook Adapter25Instant Wireless®SeriesWEP (Disabled/64 bits WEP/128 bits WEP) - If you do not want to useWEP encryption, choose Disabled. To use WEP encryption (recommendedto increase network security), select 64 bits or 128 bits WEP from thedrop-down menu, and enter either a Passphrase or WEP key. Passphrase - Instead of manually entering WEP keys, you can enter aPassphrase, so that a WEP key is automatically generated. It is case-sensi-tive and should not be longer than 16 alphanumeric characters. Thispassphrase must match the passphrase of your wireless network and is com-patible with other Linksys wireless products only. (If you have any non-Linksys wireless products, enter the WEP key(s) manually on those prod-ucts.) Key 1 - This WEP key must match the WEP key of your wireless network.If you are using 64-bit WEP encryption, then the key must consist of exact-ly 10 hexadecimal characters. If you are using 128-bit WEP encryption,then the key must consist of exactly 26 hexadecimal characters. Valid hexa-decimal characters are “0” to “9” and “A” to “F”.247. The Confirm NewSettings screen(Figure 7-14) willappear. To save thenew settings, clickthe Ye s button. Tocancel the settingsand return to theProfiles screen,click the No button.To edit the new set-tings, click theBack button.8. The Congratulations screen (Figure 7-15) will appear next. Click Activatenew settings now to implement the new settings immediately and return tothe Link Information screen. Click Activate new settings later to keep thecurrent settings active, and return to the Profiles screen so that you can edityour profile or create another profile. You have successfully created a connection profile. Click the X (Close) but-ton in the upper right corner to exit the WLAN Monitor.Figure 7-14Figure 7-15Figure 7-13
Wireless-G Notebook AdapterCan I play computer games with other members of the wireless network?Yes, as long as the game supports multiple players over a LAN (local area net-work). Refer to the game’s user guide for more information.What is the IEEE 802.11b standard?It is one of the IEEE standards for wireless networks. The 802.11b standardallows wireless networking hardware from different manufacturers to commu-nicate, provided that the hardware complies with the 802.11b standard. The802.11b standard states a maximum data transfer rate of 11Mbps and an oper-ating frequency of 2.4GHz.What IEEE 802.11b features are supported?The product supports the following IEEE 802.11b functions: • CSMA/CA plus Acknowledge protocol • Multi-Channel Roaming • Automatic Rate Selection • RTS/CTS feature • Fragmentation • Power Management What is ad-hoc mode?When a wireless network is set to ad-hoc mode, the wireless-equipped com-puters are configured to communicate directly with each other. The ad-hocwireless network will not communicate with any wired network. What is infrastructure mode?When a wireless network is set to infrastructure mode, the wireless network isconfigured to communicate with a wired network through a wireless accesspoint.What is roaming?Roaming is the ability of a portable computer user to communicate continu-ously while moving freely throughout an area greater than that covered by a sin-gle access point. Before using the roaming function, the workstation must makesure that it is the same channel number with the access point of dedicated cov-erage area. 27Instant Wireless®SeriesAppendix A: TroubleshootingThis chapter provides solutions to problems that may occur during the installa-tion and operation of the Wireless-G PCI Adapter. Read the descriptions belowto solve your problems. If you can’t find an answer here, check the Linksyswebsite at www.linksys.com.1. The Wireless-G PCI Adapter does not work properly.• Reinsert the Wireless-G PCI Adapter into your PC’s PCI slot.• Right click on My Computer and select Properties. Select the devicemanager and click on the Network Adapter. You will find the Wireless-GPCI Adapter if it is installed successfully. If you see the yellow exclama-tion mark, the resources are conflicting. You will see the status of theWireless-G PCI Adapter. If there is a yellow question mark, please checkthe following:• Make sure that your PC has a free IRQ (Interrupt ReQuest, a hardware interrupt on a PC.) • Make sure that you have inserted the right adapter and installed the prop-er driver.If the Wireless-G PCI Adapter does not function after attempting the abovesteps, remove the adapter and do the following:• Uninstall the driver software from your PC.• Restart your PC and repeat the hardware and software installation asspecified in this User Guide.2. I cannot communicate with the other computers linked via Ethernet in theInfrastructure configuration.• Make sure that the PC to which the Wireless-G PCI Adapter is associatedis powered on.• Make sure that your Wireless-G PCI Adapter is configured on the samechannel and with the same security options as with the other computers inthe Infrastructure configuration.Can I run an application from a remote computer over the wireless network?This will depend on whether or not the application is designed to be used overa network. Consult the application’s user guide to determine if it supports oper-ation over a network.26Common Problems and SolutionsFrequently Asked Questions
Wireless-G Notebook Adapter29Instant Wireless®Series28an unintended receiver, FHSS appears to be short-duration impulse noise.Direct-Sequence Spread-Spectrum (DSSS) generates a redundant bit patternfor each bit to be transmitted. This bit pattern is called a chip (or chippingcode). The longer the chip, the greater the probability that the original data canbe recovered. Even if one or more bits in the chip are damaged during trans-mission, statistical techniques embedded in the radio can recover the originaldata without the need for retransmission. To an unintended receiver, DSSSappears as low power wideband noise and is rejected (ignored) by most nar-rowband receivers. Would the information be intercepted while transmitting on air?WLAN features two-fold protection in security. On the hardware side, as withDirect Sequence Spread Spectrum technology, it has the inherent security fea-ture of scrambling. On the software side, WLAN offers the encryption function(WEP) to enhance security and access control.What is WEP?WEP is Wired Equivalent Privacy, a data privacy mechanism based on a 64-bitor 128-bit shared key algorithm, as described in the IEEE 802.11 standard.To achieve true seamless connectivity, the wireless LAN must incorporate anumber of different functions. Each node and access point, for example, mustalways acknowledge receipt of each message. Each node must maintain contactwith the wireless network even when not actually transmitting data. Achievingthese functions simultaneously requires a dynamic RF networking technologythat links access points and nodes. In such a system, the user’s end node under-takes a search for the best possible access to the system. First, it evaluates suchfactors as signal strength and quality, as well as the message load currentlybeing carried by each access point and the distance of each access point to thewired backbone. Based on that information, the node next selects the rightaccess point and registers its address. Communications between end node andhost computer can then be transmitted up and down the backbone.As the user moves on, the end node’s RF transmitter regularly checks the sys-tem to determine whether it is in touch with the original access point or whetherit should seek a new one. When a node no longer receives acknowledgmentfrom its original access point, it undertakes a new search. Upon finding a newaccess point, it then re-registers, and the communication process continues.What is ISM band?The FCC and their counterparts outside of the U.S. have set aside bandwidthfor unlicensed use in the ISM (Industrial, Scientific and Medical) band.Spectrum in the vicinity of 2.4 GHz, in particular, is being made availableworldwide. This presents a truly revolutionary opportunity to place convenienthigh-speed wireless capabilities in the hands of users around the globe. What is Spread Spectrum?Spread Spectrum technology is a wideband radio frequency technique devel-oped by the military for use in reliable, secure, mission-critical communica-tions systems. It is designed to trade off bandwidth efficiency for reliability,integrity, and security. In other words, more bandwidth is consumed than in thecase of narrowband transmission, but the trade-off produces a signal that is, ineffect, louder and thus easier to detect, provided that the receiver knows theparameters of the spread-spectrum signal being broadcast. If a receiver is nottuned to the right frequency, a spread-spectrum signal looks like backgroundnoise. There are two main alternatives, Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum(DSSS) and Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS).What is DSSS? What is FHSS? And what are their differences?Frequency-Hopping Spread-Spectrum (FHSS) uses a narrowband carrier thatchanges frequency in a pattern that is known to both transmitter and receiver.Properly synchronized, the net effect is to maintain a single logical channel. To
Wireless-G Notebook Adapter31Instant Wireless®Series30CSMA/CA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Avoidance) - In localarea networking, this is the CSMA technique that combines slotted time-divi-sion multiplexing with carrier sense multiple access/collision detection(CSMA/CD) to avoid having collisions occur a second time. This works best ifthe time allocated is short compared to packet length and if the number of sit-uations is small.CTS (Clear To Send) - An RS-232 signal sent from the receiving station to thetransmitting station that indicates it is ready to accept data.Default Gateway - The routing device used to forward all traffic that is notaddressed to a station within the local subnet.DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) - A protocol that lets networkadministrators manage centrally and automate the assignment of InternetProtocol (IP) addresses in an organization's network. Using the Internet's set ofprotocol (TCP/IP), each machine that can connect to the Internet needs aunique IP address. When an organization sets up its computer users with a con-nection to the Internet, an IP address must be assigned to each machine.Without DHCP, the IP address must be entered manually at each computer and,if computers move to another location in another part of the network, a new IPaddress must be entered. DHCP lets a network administrator supervise and dis-tribute IP addresses from a central point and automatically sends a new IPaddress when a computer is plugged into a different place in the network. DHCP uses the concept of a "lease" or amount of time that a given IP addresswill be valid for a computer. The lease time can vary depending on how long auser is likely to require the Internet connection at a particular location. It's espe-cially useful in education and other environments where users change fre-quently. Using very short leases, DHCP can dynamically reconfigure networksin which there are more computers than there are available IP addresses. DHCP supports static addresses for computers containing Web servers thatneed a permanent IP address. DNS - The domain name system (DNS) is the way that Internet domain nameare located and translated into Internet Protocol (IP) addresses. A domain nameis a meaningful and easy-to-remember "handle" for an Internet address. Domain - A subnetwork comprised of a group of clients and servers under thecontrol of one security database. Dividing LANs into domains improves per-formance and security.Appendix B: Glossary802.11b - One of the IEEE standards for wireless networking hardware.Products that adhere to a specific IEEE standard will work with each other,even if they are manufactured by different companies. The 802.11b standardspecifies a maximum data transfer rate of 11Mbps, an operating frequency of2.4GHz, and WEP encryption for security. 802.11b networks are also referredto as Wi-Fi networks.802.11g - A proposed, but as yet unratified extension of the IEEE 802.11 stan-dard for wireless networking hardware. The draft 802.11g specifications usedby Linksys specify a maximum data transfer rate of 54Mbps using OFDMmodulation, an operating frequency of 2.4GHz, backward compatibility withIEEE 802.11b devices, and WEP encryption for security.Adapter - Printed circuit board that plugs into a PC to add to capabilities orconnectivity to a PC. In a networked environment, a network interface card isthe typical adapter that allows the PC or server to connect to the intranet and/orInternet.Ad-hoc Network - An ad-hoc network is a group of computers, each with awireless adapter, connected as an independent 802.11 wireless LAN. Ad-hocwireless computers operate on a peer-to-peer basis, communicating directlywith each other without the use of an access point. Ad-hoc mode is alsoreferred to as an Independent Basic Service Set (IBSS) or as peer-to-peermode, and is useful at a departmental scale or SOHO operation.Backbone - The part of a network that connects most of the systems and net-works together and handles the most data.Bandwidth - The transmission capacity of a given facility, in terms of howmuch data the facility can transmit in a fixed amount of time; expressed in bitsper second (bps).Bit - A binary digit. The value - 0 or 1-used in the binary numbering system.Also, the smallest form of data.BSS (Basic Service Set) - An infrastructure network connecting wirelessdevices to a wired network using a single access point.
Wireless-G Notebook Adapter33Instant Wireless®Series32Hop - The link between two network nodes.IEEE (The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) - The IEEEdescribes itself as "the world's largest technical professional society, promotingthe development and application of electrotechnology and allied sciences forthe benefit of humanity, the advancement of the profession, and the well-beingof our members." The IEEE fosters the development of standards that often become national andinternational standards. The organization publishes a number of journals, hasmany local chapters, and several large societies in special areas, such as theIEEE Computer Society.Infrastructure Network - An infrastructure network is a group of computersor other devices, each with a wireless adapter, connected as an 802.11 wirelessLAN. In infrastructure mode, the wireless devices communicate with eachother and to a wired network by first going through an access point. An infra-structure wireless network connected to a wired network is referred to as aBasic Service Set (BSS). A set of two or more BSS in a single network isreferred to as an Extended Service Set (ESS). Infrastructure mode is useful ata corporation scale, or when it is necessary to connect the wired and wirelessnetworks.IP (Internet Protocol) - The method or protocol by which data is sent from onecomputer to another on the Internet. It is a standard set of rules, procedures, orconventions relating to the format and timing of data transmission between twocomputers that they must accept and use to be able to understand each other.IP Address - In the most widely installed level of the Internet Protocol (IP)today, an IP address is a 32-binary digit number that identifies each sender orreceiver of information that is sent in packet across the Internet. When yourequest an HTML page or send e-mail, the Internet Protocol part of TCP/IPincludes your IP address in the message (actually, in each of the packets if morethan one is required) and sends it to the IP address that is obtained by lookingup the domain name in the Uniform Resource Locator you requested or in thee-mail address you're sending a note to. At the other end, the recipient can seethe IP address of the Web page requestor or the e-mail sender and can respondby sending another message using the IP address it received. IRQ (Interrupt ReQuest) - A hardware interrupt on a PC. There are 16 IRQlines used to signal the CPU that a peripheral event has started or terminated.Except for PCI devices, two devices cannot use the same line. Driver - A workstation or server software module that provides an interfacebetween a network interface card and the upper-layer protocol software runningin the computer; it is designed for a specific card, and is installed during theinitial installation of a network-compatible client or server operating system.DSSS (Direct-Sequence Spread Spectrum) - DSSS generates a redundant bitpattern for all data transmitted. This bit pattern is called a chip (or chippingcode). Even if one or more bits in the chip are damaged during transmission,statistical techniques embedded in the receiver can recover the original datawithout the need for retransmission. To an unintended receiver, DSSS appearsas low power wideband noise and is rejected (ignored) by most narrowbandreceivers. However, to an intended receiver (i.e. another wireless LAN end-point), the DSSS signal is recognized as the only valid signal, and interferenceis inherently rejected (ignored).Encryption - A security method that applies a specific algorithm to data inorder to alter the data's appearance and prevent other devices from reading theinformation. Ethernet - IEEE standard network protocol that specifies how data is placedon and retrieved from a common transmission medium. Has a transfer rate of10 Mbps. Forms the underlying transport vehicle used by several upper-levelprotocols, including TCP/IP and XNS.FHSS (Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum) - FHSS continuously changes(hops) the carrier frequency of a conventional carrier several times per secondaccording to a pseudo-random set of channels. Because a fixed frequency is notused, and only the transmitter and receiver know the hop patterns, interceptionof FHSS is extremely difficult.Fragmentation - Breaking a packet into smaller units when transmitting overa network medium that cannot support the original size of the packet. Gateway - A device that interconnects networks with different, incompatiblecommunications protocols. Hardware - Hardware is the physical aspect of computers, telecommunica-tions, and other information technology devices. The term arose as a way to dis-tinguish the "box" and the electronic circuitry and components of a computerfrom the program you put in it to make it do things. The program came to beknown as the software.
Wireless-G Notebook AdapterPassphrase - Used much like a password, a passphrase simplifies the WEPencryption process by automatically generating the WEP encryption keys forLinksys products.PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) - A peripheral bus commonly usedin PCs, Macintoshes and workstations. It was designed primarily by Intel andfirst appeared on PCs in late 1993. PCI provides a high-speed data pathbetween the CPU and peripheral devices (video, disk, network, etc.). There aretypically three or four PCI slots on the motherboard. In a Pentium PC, there isgenerally a mix of PCI and ISA slots or PCI and EISA slots. Early on, the PCIbus was known as a "local bus."PCI provides "plug and play" capability, automatically configuring the PCIcards at startup. When PCI is used with the ISA bus, the only thing that is gen-erally required is to indicate in the CMOS memory which IRQs are already inuse by ISA cards. PCI takes care of the rest.PCI allows IRQs to be shared, which helps to solve the problem of limited IRQsavailable on a PC. For example, if there were only one IRQ left over after ISAdevices were given their required IRQs, all PCI devices could share it. In a PCI-only machine, there cannot be insufficient IRQs, as all can be shared.Plug-and-Play - The ability of a computer system to configure expansionboards and other devices automatically without requiring the user to turn offthe system during installation.Port - A pathway into and out of the computer or a network device such as aswitch or router. For example, the serial and parallel ports on a personal com-puter are external sockets for plugging in communications lines, modems andprinters. Roaming - In an infrastructure mode wireless network, this refers to the abili-ty to move out of one access point's range and into another and transparentlyreassociate and reauthenticate to the new access point. This reassociation andreauthentication should occur without user intervention and ideally withoutinterruption to network connectivity. A typical scenario would be a locationwith multiple access points, where users can physically relocate from one areato another and easily maintain connectivity.RTS (Request To Send) - An RS-232 signal sent from the transmitting stationto the receiving station requesting permission to transmit. 35Instant Wireless®Series34ISM band - The FCC and their counterparts outside of the U.S. have set asidebandwidth for unlicensed use in the ISM (Industrial, Scientific and Medical)band. Spectrum in the vicinity of 2.4 GHz, in particular, is being made avail-able worldwide. This presents a truly revolutionary opportunity to place con-venient high-speed wireless capabilities in the hands of users around the globe.LAN (Local Area Network) - A group of computers and associated devices thatshare a common communications line and typically share the resources of asingle processor or server within a small geographic area (for example, withinan office building). MAC (Media Access Control) Address - A unique number assigned by themanufacturer to any Ethernet networking device, such as a network adapter,that allows the network to identify it at the hardware level.Mbps (Megabits per second) - One million bits per second; unit of measure-ment for data transmission.Motherboard - A motherboard is the physical arrangement in a computer thatcontains the computer's basic circuitry and components. Network - A system that transmits any combination of voice, video and/or databetween users. Node - A network junction or connection point, typically a computer or workstation.OFDM - Developed for wireless applications, Orthogonal Frequency DivisionMultiplexing (OFDM) technology offers superior performance-increased datarates and more reliable transmissions-than previous technologies, such asDSSS. OFDM is a scheme in which numerous signals of different frequenciesare combined to form a single signal for transmission on the medium. OFDM works by breaking one high-speed data stream into a number of lower-speed data streams, which are then transmitted in parallel. Each lower speedstream is used to modulate a subcarrier. Essentially, this creates a multi-carriertransmission by dividing a wide frequency band or channel into a number ofnarrower frequency bands or sub-channels. OFDM is also used for other appli-cations, including powerline networking.Packet - A unit of data routed between an origin and a destination in a network.
Wireless-G Notebook AdapterTCP (Transmission Control Protocol) - A method (protocol) used along withthe IP (Internet Protocol) to send data in the form of message units (datagram)between network devices over a LAN or WAN. While IP takes care of handlingthe actual delivery of the data (routing), TCP takes care of keeping track of theindividual units of data (called packets) that a message is divided into for effi-cient delivery over the network. TCP is known as a "connection oriented" pro-tocol due to requiring the receiver of a packet to return an acknowledgment ofreceipt to the sender of the packet resulting in transmission control.TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) - The basic com-munication language or set of protocols for communications over a network(developed specifically for the Internet). TCP/IP defines a suite or group ofprotocols and not only TCP and IP.Throughput - The amount of data moved successfully from one place toanother in a given time period.Topology - A network's topology is a logical characterization of how thedevices on the network are connected and the distances between them. Themost common network devices include hubs, switches, routers, and gateways.Most large networks contain several levels of interconnection, the most impor-tant of which include edge connections, backbone connections, and wide-areaconnections.WA N (Wide Area Network)- A communications network that covers a rela-tively large geographic area, consisting of two or more LANs. Broadband com-munication over the WAN is often through public networks such as the tele-phone (DSL) or cable systems, or through leased lines or satellites. In its mostbasic definition, the Internet could be considered a WAN.WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) - A data privacy mechanism based on a 64-bit or 128-bit shared key algorithm, as described in the IEEE 802.11 standard. WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) - A group of computers and associat-ed devices that communicate with each other wirelessly.37Instant Wireless®SeriesServer - Any computer whose function in a network is to provide user accessto files, printing, communications, and other services. Software - Instructions for the computer. A series of instructions that performsa particular task is called a "program." The two major categories of software are"system software" and "application software." System software is made up ofcontrol programs such as the operating system and database management sys-tem (DBMS). Application software is any program that processes data for theuser.A common misconception is that software is data. It is not. Software tells thehardware how to process the data.SOHO (Small Office/Home Office) - Market segment of professionals whowork at home or in small offices.Spread Spectrum - Spread Spectrum technology is a wideband radio frequen-cy technique developed by the military for use in reliable, secure, mission-crit-ical communications systems. It is designed to trade off bandwidth efficiencyfor reliability, integrity, and security. In other words, more bandwidth is con-sumed than in the case of narrowband transmission, but the trade off producesa signal that is, in effect, louder and thus easier to detect, provided that thereceiver knows the parameters of the spread-spectrum signal being broadcast.If a receiver is not tuned to the right frequency, a spread-spectrum signal lookslike background noise. There are two main alternatives, Direct SequenceSpread Spectrum (DSSS) and Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS).SSID (Service Set IDentifier) - A unique name shared among all points in awireless network. The SSID must be identical for each point in the wireless net-work and is case-sensitive. Storage - The semi-permanent or permanent holding place for digital data. Subnet Mask - The method used for splitting IP networks into a series of sub-groups, or subnets. The mask is a binary pattern that is matched up with the IPaddress to turn part of the host ID address field into a field for subnets. Switch - 1. A data switch connects computing devices to host computers,allowing a large number of devices to share a limited number of ports. 2. Adevice for making, breaking, or changing the connections in an electrical cir-cuit.36
Wireless-G Notebook AdapterDimensions: 4.8" x 8.66" x 0.91" (122 mm x 220 mm x 23 mm)Unit Weight: 4.5 oz. (0.13 kg)Power: 3.3VCertifications: FCCOperating Temp.: 32ºF to 150ºF (0ºC to 65ºC) Storage Temp.: -40ºF to 185ºF (-40ºC to 85ºC) Operating Humidity: 0% to 95%, Non-CondensingStorage Humidity: 0% to 95%, Non-Condensing 39Instant Wireless®Series38EnvironmentalAppendix C: SpecificationsStandards: Draft 802.11g, 802.11bModulation: 802.11b: CCK (11 Mbps), DQPSK (2 Mbps),DBPSK (1 Mbps); 802.11g: OFDMChannels:802.11b, 11 Channels (USA)draft 802.11g 13 Channels (Europe)14 Channels (Japan) Network Protocol: TCP/IP, IPX, NDIS 4, NDIS 5, NDIS 5.1, NetBEUIInterface: PCITransmit Power: 15 dBmSensitivity: -80 dBmLED: ACTWEP Key Bits: 64-Bit and 128-Bit
Wireless-G Notebook Adapter41Instant Wireless®Series40Appendix E: Contact InformationFor help with the installation or operation of the Wireless-G PCI Adapter, con-tact Linksys Technical Support at one of the phone numbers or Internetaddresses below.Sales Information 800-546-5797 (LINKSYS)Technical Support 800-326-7114RMA (Return MerchandiseAuthorization) Issues www.linksys.com (or call 949-271-5461)Fax 949-265-6655E-mail support@linksys.comWeb http://www.linksys.comFTP Site ftp.linksys.comAppendix D: Warranty InformationBE SURE TO HAVE YOUR PROOF OF PURCHASE AND A BARCODEFROM THE PRODUCT’S PACKAGING ON HAND WHEN CALLING.RETURN REQUESTS CANNOT BE PROCESSED WITHOUT PROOF OFPURCHASE. IN NO EVENT SHALL LINKSYS’ LIABILITY EXCEED THE PRICE PAIDFOR THE PRODUCT FROM DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDEN-TAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES RESULTING FROM THE USEOF THE PRODUCT, ITS ACCOMPANYING SOFTWARE, OR ITS DOCU-MENTATION. LINKSYS DOES NOT OFFER REFUNDS FOR ANY PROD-UCT. LINKSYS OFFERS CROSS SHIPMENTS, A FASTER PROCESS FOR PRO-CESSING AND RECEIVING YOUR REPLACEMENT. LINKSYS PAYSFOR UPS GROUND ONLY. ALL CUSTOMERS LOCATED OUTSIDE OFTHE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND CANADA SHALL BE HELDRESPONSIBLE FOR SHIPPING AND HANDLING CHARGES. PLEASECALL LINKSYS FOR MORE DETAILS.
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