Crescend Technologies P35XXE AMPLIFIER User Manual P35 VHF H

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Document ID	1810799
Application ID	P8T84Y04fGYnI2qlGlAEFg==
Document Description	USERS MANUAL
Short Term Confidential	No
Permanent Confidential	No
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Document Type	User Manual
Display Format	Adobe Acrobat PDF - pdf
Filesize	5.84kB (73046 bits)
Date Submitted	2012-10-09 00:00:00
Date Available	2012-11-23 00:00:00
Creation Date	2012-10-03 10:26:15
Producing Software	GPL Ghostscript 8.15
Document Lastmod	2012-10-03 10:26:15
Document Title	Microsoft Word - User Manual P35 VHF-H.doc
Document Creator	PScript5.dll Version 5.2.2
Document Author:	mobermann

User Manual
1.
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
1.1.
INTRODUCTION
This manual contains installation and operating information for the Crescend High Power VHF
Power Amplifier. The manual is organized into three sections as follows:
Section 1.
General Description
Section 2.
Installation
Section 3.
Operating Information
1.2.
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
The Crescend Technologies High Power VHF RF power amplifier is designed for paging and
other VHF applications that use a single carrier constant envelope waveform. The amplifier is
designed to be powered from a 48 VDC source, but optionally incorporates an internal AC power
supply. The amplifier covers a 150-174 MHz without retuning. Amplifier specifications are shown
in Table 1-1. There are four input ranges available as shown in Table 1-2. Closed loop power
control is used to maintain a constant output power under varying voltage, signal input level,
frequency and output load conditions. Several design features work to protect the amplifier under
adverse conditions.
The amplifier is designed to fit into 5.25 inches (3RU) of vertical 19 inch rack space. The front
panel includes LED indicators for monitoring status and alarm conditions. This information is also
accessible via a monitor connector on the rear of the amplifier. The fan assembly draws ambient
air in from the front and blows the air across the heat sink fins out the back of the amplifier.
• Notice: The manufacturer’s rated output power of this equipment (see Table 1-1) is specified
for single carrier operation using constant-envelope modulation. This equipment is NOT
designed for multiple-carrier operation, nor is it intended to be used with non-constant envelope
modulation types.
Table 1-1. Amplifier Specifications
Specification
Value
Instantaneous Bandwidth
150-174MHz
Output Power
350W
Input Impedance
50Ω
Output Impedance
50Ω
Table 1-2. Amplifier Input Power Ranges
Input Power Designator Code
Input Power Range
Nominal Gain (350W Output)
5-10 W
18.5dB
10
10-20 W
15.5dB
20
20-50 W
12.4dB
50
50-100 W
8.5dB
Page 1 of 8
User Manual
2.
INSTALLATION
2.1 INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS
The amplifier is designed for installation in a rack that permits access to the rear of the rack for
connection of DC power, RF, and monitor/control cables. The amplifier must have a minimum of
3 inches of open space in front and to the rear of the chassis to allow adequate air flow and
ventilation.
To install the amplifier proceed as follows:
1. Mount the amplifier in equipment rack and secure in place.
2. Connect a properly sized 50 ohm cable and load (antenna) to the RF OUT connector on
rear of amplifier.
3. Connect the transceiver/exciter output to RF IN connector on rear of amplifier.
4. If monitoring of PA is desired, connect alarm cable to MONITOR connector on rear of
amplifier module. See section 3 for more details about monitor pins.
5. Connect ground wire to ground stud on rear of amplifier if desired.
6. If unit is the 48 VDC version, measure primary DC input voltage of power supply. DC
input voltage should be +48 +/- 0.5VDC. Turn off DC voltage.
NOTE:
• Make sure power supply DC is well filtered and well behaved with minimal
voltage overshoot.
• Keep DC wires as short as possible to minimize inductance induced voltage
transients.
• Size DC Wires properly to handle the load current to minimize voltage drop.
WARNING: Turn off external primary DC power before connecting DC power cables.
7. Connect positive primary power wire (+48VDC) to terminal marked +48VDC and negative
primary power wire to GND terminal next to it on rear of amplifier.
8. Check your work before applying DC voltage to the system. Make certain all connections
are tight and the DC wires are going to the correct terminals.
9. If the unit has the optional power supply: Connect unpowered AC cord to AC plug on
rear of amplifier.
10. Refer to Section 2.2 for initial start-up procedures.
2.2 INITIAL STARTUP
To perform the initial start-up, proceed as follows:
1. Check to ensure that all input and output cables are properly connected and tightened.
Note: Use high quality coaxial cable and connectors. Properly install all connectors for reliability.
CAUTION: Before applying power, make sure that the input and output of the amplifier are
properly terminated in 50 ohms. Do not operate the amplifier without a load
attached. Refer to Table 1-1 for input power requirements. Excessive input power
will damage the amplifier.
NOTE:
The output coaxial cable between the amplifier and antenna must be 50 ohm cable
and adequately sized to handle the rated power level with additional stresses from
high VSWR taken into account.
Page 2 of 8
User Manual
2. Apply 48 VDC from your power supply or AC mains power (depending on whether amplifier
has optional power supply) to the amplifier with the supplied line cord. The fans will power on.
Check that all four fans are running.
3. Visually check the indicators on the front of the amplifier and verify the following:
a. The PWR ON indicator (green) is on.
b. All other LED indicators (red and yellow) are off.
4. Set the external exciter power level so that it is within the specified input power range and apply
the RF signal to the amplifier input port. The amplifier will deliver nominally 350W at the output
connector. The green exciter drive status LED will illuminate when the RF drive is detected.
This LED is meant to give the user a general indication that the exciter is active and is
delivering output power when troubleshooting an alarm condition. However, it does not indicate
that the minimum input power level has necessarily been reached.
5. Remove the RF input signal. The output power will drop to zero. Only the Power On indicator
will be illuminated. Amplifier is ready for use.
Page 3 of 8
User Manual
3. OPERATING INFORMATION
3.1 INTRODUCTION
This section contains general amplifier operating information
3.2 STATUS INDICATORS AND MONITOR CONNECTOR
The amplifier status indicators and alarms are described in Tables 3-1 and 3-2.
Table 3-1. High Power VHF Amplifier Status LED Indicators
STATUS LED
PWR ON
FUNCTION
Green LED. Illumination indicates unit is on
EXCITER DRIVE Green LED. Illumination indicates RF input power has been
applied
HIGH TEMP
Red LED. Activates when the amplifier exceeds a safe operating
temperature. Unit shuts down until safe operating temperature
returns
HIGH VSWR
Red LED. Activates when load VSWR > 3:1. Amplifier shuts down.
Alarm active until RF input removed and reapplied
HIGH INPUT
Yellow LED. Illumination indicates RF input power exceeds safe
~125% of rated input power. Alarm active until RF input removed
LOW OUTPUT
Yellow LED. Activates when power drops due to low gain
Page 4 of 8
User Manual
Table 3-2. Monitor Connector Description
PIN NO
10
11
12
13
14
15
NAME
POWER CTL
LOW PWR
HI INPUT
REV PWR
GND
FORM C (NC)
FORM C (COM)
FORM C (NO)
RF DRIVE
HI TEMP
HI VSWR
FWD PWR
GND
GND
N.C.
DESCRIPTION
Output Power Level Control
Alarm - Low Output Power
Alarm - RF Input Power Above Maximum Rating
Reverse Power Voltage
Ground Return
Normally Closed Pin of Form C Relay
Common Pin of Form C Relay
Normally Open Pin of Form C Relay
Minimum RF Input Drive Indicator
Alarm - High Temperature Amplifier Shutdown
Alarm - High VSWR
Forward Power Voltage
Ground Return
NOT FOR EXTERNAL CONNECTION - DO NOT USE
Page 5 of 8
User Manual
3.3 RF ENERGY EXPOSURE AWARENESS, CONTROL INFORMATION, and OPERATIONAL
INSTRUCTIONS for COMPLIANCE with FCC RF EXPOSURE LIMITS
NOTICE: This power amplifier product is intended for use in environments in which
personnel have full knowledge of their exposure and can exercise control over their
exposure to meet FCC limits. This power amplifier is NOT authorized for use by the
general population, consumer, or for use under conditions where unintended or accidental
exposure may occur.
This power amplifier product generates electromagnetic energy in the radio frequency (RF)
spectrum to provide communications between users over a distance. RF energy is one specific
form of electromagnetic energy. Other forms include, but are not
limited to, sunlight and x-rays. RF energy, however, should not be confused with these other
forms of electromagnetic energy, which when used improperly, can cause biological damage.
Very high levels of x-rays, for example, can damage tissues and genetic material.
Experts in science, engineering, medicine, health, and industry work with organizations to
develop standards for safe exposure to RF energy. These standards provide recommended
acceptable levels for personnel who may be exposed to RF energy. The RF exposure levels
described therein include substantial margins of protection.
When properly installed and used, Crescend power amplifier products meet all governmentestablished RF exposure levels. In addition, Crescend recommends specific operating
instructions for users of its power amplifier products. These instructions are important because
they inform users about RF energy exposure and provide simple procedures on how to control it.
Please refer to the following Web sites for more information on the nature of RF energy exposure
and how to control your exposure to assure compliance with established RF exposure limits.
http://www.fcc.gov/oet/rfsafety/rf-faqs.html
http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/radiofrequencyradiation/index.html
Federal Communication Commission Regulations
The FCC rules require manufacturers to comply with the FCC RF energy exposure limits for
communication devices before they can be marketed in the U.S. The FCC further requires users
to be fully aware of and able to control their exposure to meet RF energy exposure limits. This
document includes operating instructions and information required to control your RF exposure
and to satisfy compliance requirements.
RF Exposure Compliance, Control Guidelines and Operating Instructions
To control exposure to yourself and others and to ensure compliance with the RF exposure limits,
always adhere to the following guidelines.
• Crescend power amplifier products are intended for use in fixed communication locations (e.g.
base station sites). The antenna installation must comply with the following requirements to
ensure optimum performance and compliance with the RF energy exposure limits required by the
FCC.
1)
The antenna should be mounted outside the site building on a roof, tower, or other
support structure such that its location is inaccessible to personnel within the Minimum
Permissible Exposure radius (see below).
Page 6 of 8
User Manual
2)
The licensee must undertake the responsibility to manage the site in accordance with the
applicable regulatory requirements. This may include, but is not limited to, providing
advisory notices to all personnel who may be exposed to RF energy in the vicinity of the
antenna, restricting access to areas adjacent to the antenna, or ceasing use of the power
amplifier when RF energy exposure safety cannot be guaranteed.
• When the power amplifier is operating, a front panel LED will be illuminated. The power
amplifier will be generating measureable RF energy exposure when transmitting.
• The maximum permissible exposure (MPE) radius is unique to each base site installation and is
based on several factors such as the transmitter power output level, antenna gain, feed line loss,
etc. It is the responsibility of the licensee to determine the MPE for the base site installation.
1) For operation below 300 MHz, the maximum exposure limit is 0.2 mw/cm .
2) An example calculation of the MPE radius for a 350 Watt VHF transmitter installation
having a 5 dBi gain antenna and 1dB of feedline loss is provided below:
Po = 350000
dBd = 2.85
mWatts
antenna gain in dBd
G1 = dBd + 2.15
gain in dBi
G1 = 5
CL = 1.0
G = G1 - CL
dBi
dB coax loss
effective antenna gain (dB)
f = 150 - 174
S = 0.2
MHz
mW
cm
Gn = 10 10
Gn = 2.512
(Po • Gn)
4π • S
inches =
2.54
inches
feet =
12
R =
gain (numeric)
R = 591.5 distance (cm) required for compliance
inches = 232.9
feet = 19.4
Page 7 of 8
User Manual
3) In instances where the effective antenna gain (antenna gain – feedline loss) differs from
the example above, the MPE radius must be calculated by the licensee. The table below
presents the results of calculations of the MPE radius for a 350 Watt VHF transmitter
having various effective antenna gain values.
Effective Antenna Gain
(dBi)
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
•
Minimum Safe Distance
(meters)
5.27
5.92
6.64
7.45
8.35
9.37
10.52
11.80
Minimum Safe Distance
(feet)
17.29
19.42
21.78
24.44
27.39
30.74
34.51
38.71
Warning
Failure to observe the minimum safe distance radius may result in exposure to RF radiated
energy in excess of the FCC Maximum Permissible Exposure (MPE) limit. The licensee is
responsible for the safe operation of the base site and must ensure that the Maximum
Permissible Exposure limits are observed at all times.
Page 8 of 8

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