Cubic Transportation Systems TR01 Modular Tri-Reader User Manual UM0001 1B 00

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USER MANUAL
for the
Cubic Transportation Systems, Inc.
Tri-Reader TM
UM0001-1
Revision B.00
June 17, 2002
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June 17, 2002
Proprietary Notice
The information disclosed herein contains proprietary rights of Cubic Transportation Systems, Inc.
(CTS). Neither this document nor the information disclosed herein shall be reproduced or transferred to
other documents. Nor shall the information be used or disclosed to others for manufacturing or any
other purposes except as specifically authorized in writing by Cubic Transportation Systems, Inc.
User Manual for the CTS Tri-Reader
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Document Control List
Revision
Date
Description
A.00
June 12, 2002
Initial release.
B.00
June 17, 2002
Added Section 1.7, Notices.
______________________________________________
Author—Approved for release
Greg Sandoval
________________
Date
______________________________________________
Engineering Services Manager—Approved for release
Augie Cammarota
________________
Date
______________________________________________
Program Manager—Approved for release
Greg Sandoval
________________
Date
______________________________________________
Technical Editor—Approved for release
Mike Smith
________________
Date
______________________________________________
Configuration Management—Approved for release
________________
Date
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Table of Contents
Title
Page
Proprietary Notice ............................................................................................................................ iii
Document Control List.......................................................................................................................v
List of Figures.................................................................................................................................. vii
List of Tables................................................................................................................................... vii
Trademarks ..................................................................................................................................... vii
Chapter No.
Title
Page
CHAPTER 1
CTS Tri-Reader®........................................................................................... 1-1
1.1 Introduction..................................................................................................................... 1-1
1.2 TR Antenna Type............................................................................................................ 1-2
1.3 TR Interface to CPU ....................................................................................................... 1-2
1.4 RF Communication.......................................................................................................... 1-2
1.4.1
RF Field Strength............................................................................................. 1-2
1.4.2
Modulation Types............................................................................................ 1-2
1.5 Tri-Reader Printed Circuit Board Size.............................................................................. 1-3
1.6 Tri-Reader Physical Interfaces ......................................................................................... 1-3
List of Figures
Title
Page
Figure 1. 6-way Connector ............................................................................................................ 1-5
Figure 2. J11 Mating Connector..................................................................................................... 1-6
List of Tables
Title
Page
Table 1. External LED Line Resulting States ................................................................................... 1-4
Table 2. J11 Pinouts....................................................................................................................... 1-5
Table 3. J12 Pinouts....................................................................................................................... 1-6
Trademarks
GO CARD® is a registered trademark of Cubic Transportation Systems, Inc.
Tri-ReaderTM is a trademark of Cubic Transportation Systems, Inc.
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CHAPTER 1
1.1
CTS Tri-ReaderTM
Introduction
The Cubic Transportation Systems, Inc. (CTS) Tri-Reader will serve as a front end for a
remote ticketing device used for automatic fare collection (AFC) in public transportation
systems (e.g., bus, rail, subway, etc.). It can be used in ticket validators, ticket vending
machines, gates, and other AFC equipment. This equipment can be onboard vehicles or in
fixed ground locations. The Tri-Reader will be responsible for direct communication with
a Contactless Smart Card (CSC), which is a type of radio frequency (RF) tag. The
naming refers to the fact that the design caters for at least three types of CSC, namely
Type A, Type B, and
GO CARD® .
Interpretation of the information stored on the CSC, as well as the processing of the
revenue collection transaction, will not be done by the Tri-Reader itself, but rather by the
central processing unit (CPU) to which it is a slave. Unsolicited messages will only be
passed from the Tri-Reader to the CPU when the unit is told to search for and report any
CSCs found to be present. Beyond establishing the card's presence and performing
collision detection, the Tri-Reader will be a “dumb” data link between the CPU and the
card.
The firmware on the Tri-Reader is designed to be updated in-system using FLASH-based
technology. It will therefore be possible to cater, within limits, for different CSC types and
configurations — if so required for the future.
In broad terms, the communication task will therefore proceed as follows:
1.
The Tri-Reader will power the CSC through radiation by an induced RF field.
2.
By sequencing through the communication protocols for the different cards, it
will detect the card type by checking for the associated response.
3.
Once the card type and therefore its communication mechanism is known, the
Tri-Reader will communicate the card type to the CPU.
4.
The Tri-Reader will pass data to and from the CSC by using the appropriate
protocol for modulation and demodulation of the signal.
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1.2
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Tri-Reader Antenna Type
The Tri-Reader is a loop antenna with a diameter of 75 mm.
1.3
Tri-Reader Interface to Central Processing Unit
There will be a one-to-one (RS422) link between the Tri-Reader and the CPU. They will
operate as a single Remote Ticketing Device.
A shielded RJ45 connector connects the Tri-Reader to the CPU. This link is for the serial
data.
1.4
RF Communication
All RF communication between the Tri-Reader and the CSC will be accomplished at a
carrier frequency of 13.56 MHz according to modulation/demodulation schemes for ISO
14443 Type A, ISO 14443 Type B, and/or GO CARD requirements. At a minimum, the
RF field will be able to power three CSCs in close proximity. The transmitter antenna will
be self-tunable via software resident in the local control processor. The
modulation/demodulation scheme will also be automatically selected by the local
controller.
1.4.1
RF Field Strength
The magnetic field strength is 10 A/m in the center of the antenna and falls off by the third
power of the distance. The electric field strength is determined by the voltage applied to
the coil as well as the efficiency of the antenna as a radiator. The effective applied voltage
is 6 Vrms.
1.4.2
Modulation Types
The signals for communication between the Tri-Reader and the CSC will differ between
card types. In some cases, data will be modulated onto a carrier only, while in others a
subcarrier will also be present. The modulation schemes used for communication also
differ from one card type to another as described below.
1-2
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1.5
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CSC Type A:
Reader-to-card, ASK 100% modified miller, 106 kbit/s. Card-toreader, ASK - Manchester, load modulation - subcarrier fc/16,
847.5 kHz,106 kbit/s.
CSC Type B:
Reader-to-card, ASK 10% modulation index NRZ, 106 kbit/s.
Card-to-reader, BPSK-NRZ load modulation subcarrier fc/16,
847.5 kHz, 106 kbit/s.
Type GO CARD:
Reader-to-card, ASK 8% modulation index NRZ, 115.2 kbit/s.
Card-to-reader, ASK-NRZ load modulation, 115.2 kbit/s.
Tri-Reader Printed Circuit Board Size
The Tri-Reader is a 86.5 CPU x 86.5 CPU circular board. Thickness, including
components and antenna, is 18 mm, except for the RJ45 connector which extends 10 mm
above the components on the back of the board, giving a maximum thickness of 28 mm.
1.6
Tri-Reader Physical Interfaces
The following physical interfaces apply to the Tri-Reader:
1.
The Tri-Reader is powered from 8 to 28 Vdc. It can draw a maximum current
of 1.5A (at startup) and dissipates up to 5 Watts. This can be supplied either
via an external power connector (J11) or it can be tapped from the CPU, in
which case it will come in on the RJ45 serial comms connector (see the pinouts
below).
2.
The Tri-Reader comms can be set to be either RS232 or RS422/485 levels.
RS232 mode is selected by soldering a 0 ohm resistor into the R35 location.
Leaving R35 unpopulated selects RS422/485.
3.
The 3-bit multi-drop unit ID (Unit_ID) of a Tri-Reader needs to be set if more
than one Tri-Reader is to be multi-dropped to a single host computer. If it is
unconnected, the unit ID defaults to 001b. Multi-dropping is only possible if
RS485 is used. There are pull-up resistors on the Unit_ID lines, so only zeroes
have to be driven/tied to a CMOS logic low level.
4.
If the user desires to operate the Tri-Reader interface at 115,200 bps, the
Unit_ID currently has to be set to 000b. Otherwise, the baud rate will be fixed
at 921,600 bps.
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5.
If RS232 is used, only two of the four comms lines on the RJ45 connector are
required. Pin 2 on the RJ45 connector is the Tri-Reader receive line (232Rx)
and should be connected to the host computer Tx output (pin 3 on a normal
DB9). Pin 6 on the RJ45 connector is the Tri-Reader transmit (232Tx) line and
should be connected to the host computer Rx input (pin 2 on a normal DB9).
6.
If RS422 or RS485 is used, a one-to-one RJ45 cable to the CPU board can
be used. Otherwise, 485RxL must be taken to the host transmit low, 485RxH
must be taken to the host transmit high, 485TxL must be taken to the host
receive low, and 485TxH must be taken to the host receive high.
7.
The Tri-Reader has an onboard tri-color LED indicator, so the external buzzer
and LED outputs are optional. The two external LED outputs are buffered
copies of the lines that drive the onboard LED and can drive 100 mA and
withstand 60V, so they can be used to drive relays if required.
8.
The buzzer line is an unbuffered 5V CMOS level port pin of the onboard
Micro. Both buzzer and LED operation is controlled by commands from the
CPU board.
9.
Resulting states for the external LED lines are listed in Table 1.
Table 1. External LED Line Resulting States
1-4
EXT_LED
EXT_LED1
LED Color
LO
LO
Off
LO
HI
Red
HI
LO
Green
HI
HI
Yellow
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10. J11 is a Molex Micro-fit 10-way SMT top entry connector, 43045-1016
(available from Hamilton-Avnet). A 6-way connector is illustrated in Figure 1
to indicate the location of pin 1. Pin numbers alternate, so pin 2 will be on the
opposite side of the connector to pin 1. Table 2 provides the J11 pinouts.
Six station
version
Figure 1. 6-way Connector
Table 2. J11 Pinouts
Pin Number
Name
Description
GND
Unit_ID0
Multi-drop Unit ID bit 0
Unit_ID1
Multi-drop Unit ID bit 1
Unit_ID2
Multi-drop Unit ID bit 2
8_TO_28V
GND
Ground (for Unit_ID)
Buzzer
Output for driving external buzzer
Ext_LED0
+5V*
10
Ext_LED1
Power Supply Ground
Power Supply Input (8 to 28 Volts DC)
External LED drive bit 0
5 volts output for external LED or buzzer
External LED drive bit 1
* This can also be an alternate power supply input.
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11. The mating connector for J11 is a Molex Micro-fit 10-way cable plug, 430251000 (available from Hamilton-Avnet). An 8-way plug is illustrated in Figure 2.
The cable crimp terminals for AWG20-24 wire have part number 43030-0008
if ordered in a bag and 43030-0002 if ordered on a reel.
Eight station version
shown.
Figure 2. J11 Mating Connector
12. The RJ45 communications connector is a shielded type that is mounted in the
J12 position. It mates to any standard RJ45 cable connector. Table 3 provides
the J12 pinouts.
Table 3. J12 Pinouts
1-6
Pin
Number
Name
485RxL
232Rx_485RxH
485TxL
Tri-Reader RS422/RS485 Transmit low
8_TO_28V
Power Supply Input (8 to 28 Volts DC)
GND
232Tx_485TxH
8_TO_28V
GND
Description
Tri-Reader RS422/RS485 Receive low
Tri-Reader RS232 Receive or RS422/RS485
Receive high
Power Supply Ground
Tri-Reader RS232 Transmit or RS422/RS485
Transmit high
Power Supply Input (8 to 28 Volts DC)
Power Supply Ground
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1.7
Notices
1.7.1
Federal Communications Commission Notices
The following Federal Communications Commission (FCC) notices apply:
1.7.2
1.
The user is cautioned that changes or modifications to the Tri-Reader that are
not expressly approved by CTS could void the user's authority to operate this
equipment.
2.
NOTE: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for
a Class A digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are
designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when
the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment
generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and
used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference
to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is
likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be required to
correct the interference at his own expense."
Industry Canada Notices
The following Industry Canada notices apply:
This Class A digital apparatus complies with Canadian ICES-003.
Cet appareil numérique de la classe A est conforme à la norme NMB-003 du Canada.
Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) this device may not cause
interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference, including interference that
may cause undesired operation of the device."
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Creator                         : UM0001-1B.00.doc - Microsoft Word
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Title                           : UM0001-1B.00.doc
Author                          : jevans
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