Digital Control B2DIG1 DR2 User Manual Operating Instructions

Digital Control Inc DR2 Operating Instructions

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B2DIG1 User Manual

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DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED 19625 62nd Ave S, Suite B103 Kent Washington 98032, USA 425.251.0559 / 800.288.3610 dci@digital-control.com, www.DigiTrak.com Australia – China – Germany – India – Russia F5 Directional Drilling Locating System Operator’s Manual ®

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual iii Dear Customer, Thank you for choosing the DigiTrak F5 Locating System. We are extremely proud of the equipment we have been designing and building in Washington State since 1990. We believe in providing a unique, high-quality product and standing behind it with superior customer service and training. Please take the time to read this entire manual, especially the section on safety. Also, please fill in the product registration card provided with this equipment and either mail it to DCI headquarters, fax it to us at 253-395-2800, or complete and submit the form online at our website. We will put you on the Digital Control mailing list and send you product upgrade information and our FasTrak newsletter. Feel free to contact us if you have any problems or questions. Our Customer Service department is available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. As the horizontal directional drilling industry grows, we’re keeping our eye on the future to develop equipment that will make your job faster and easier. Visit our website any time to see what we’re up to. We welcome your questions, comments, and ideas. Digital Control Incorporated Kent, Washington 2013 See our DigiTrak Training Videos on YouTube at www.youtube.com/dcikent.

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED iv DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual Table of Contents Safety Precautions and Warnings vii Introduction ix Receiver xi General Description ......................................................................................... xi Toggle and Trigger Switches .......................................................................... xii Audible Tones ................................................................................................. xii Installing and Removing the Battery Pack ...................................................... xii Power On ...................................................................................................... xiii Using the Keypad .......................................................................................... xiv Main Menu .................................................................................................... xiv Locate Mode ........................................................................................... xv Power Off .............................................................................................. xvi Calibration Menu .................................................................................... xvi Height-Above-Ground (HAG) Menu ........................................................... xvi Settings Menu ........................................................................................ xvi Transmitter Selection Menu ...................................................................... xx Drill DataLog Menu .................................................................................. xx Diagnostics Menu ................................................................................... xxi System Info Menu ................................................................................. xxv Pressure-Tension DataLog Menu ............................................................. xxv Locating Screens ........................................................................................ xxvii Locate Mode Screen ............................................................................ xxviii Depth Mode Screen .............................................................................. xxix Predicted Depth Screen .......................................................................... xxx Depth Display Screen, No Data ............................................................... xxx Transmitters xxxiii Types of F5 Transmitters ............................................................................ xxxiii Batteries and Power On/Off ........................................................................ xxxv Installing Batteries / Power On ............................................................... xxxv Transmitter Battery Status .................................................................. xxxvii Sleep Mode (Automatic Shutdown) / Power Off ...................................... xxxvii Transmitter Housing Requirements ........................................................... xxxvii Transmitter Selection ................................................................................. xxxix Changing the Frequency of a “19/12” Dual-Frequency Transmitter ................ xli Pitch Method ........................................................................................... xli Roll Method ............................................................................................ xli Temperature Status and Overheat Indicator .................................................. xlii Transmitter Temperature Warning Tones .................................................. xlii Transmitter Overheat Indicator (Temp Dot) .............................................. xliii Remote Display xliv General Description ...................................................................................... xliv

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual v Power Options .............................................................................................. xliv Installing and Removing the Battery Pack or Brace Insert........................... xliv Connecting the DC Power Cable ............................................................... xlv Keypad .......................................................................................................... xlv Power On ..................................................................................................... xlvi Audible Tones ............................................................................................... xlvi Adjusting the Viewing Angle ......................................................................... xlvi Attaching / Removing Visor ......................................................................... xlvii Main Menu .................................................................................................. xlviii Remote Mode .............................................................................................. xlviii Power Off .................................................................................................... xlviii Settings ........................................................................................................ xlix Adjust Contrast ..................................................................................................l Display Screens ............................................................................................... li Main Screen ............................................................................................. li Depth Screen ............................................................................................ li Predicted Depth Screen ............................................................................ liii Battery Charger liv General Description ........................................................................................ liv Checking Battery Status ................................................................................. liv AC/DC Power Setup ........................................................................................ lv Charging a Battery Pack ................................................................................. lv Battery Charger Status Indicators ................................................................... lv Warnings and Precautions ............................................................................. lvi Getting Started 3 Power on Receiver, Remote Display, and Transmitter .................................... 3 Receiver .................................................................................................. 3 Remote Display ........................................................................................ 3 Transmitter ............................................................................................. 4 Conduct Interference Check ............................................................................ 4 What Interference Is and How to Check for It .............................................. 4 Background Noise Check ........................................................................... 4 Roll/Pitch Check ....................................................................................... 5 Suggestions for Dealing with Interference ................................................... 6 Calibrate Receiver to Transmitter .................................................................... 6 1-Point Calibration (Above Ground) ............................................................ 7 2-Point Calibration (In Ground) .................................................................. 9 View Calibration ...................................................................................... 11 Set Roll Offset ................................................................................................ 11 Enable Roll Offset .................................................................................... 12 Disable Roll Offset ................................................................................... 13 Set Height-Above-Ground (HAG) Distance ................................................... 13 Locating 15 Locating Basics ............................................................................................. 16 Locate Points (FLP & RLP) and Locate Line (LL) ........................................... 16 Effects of Depth, Pitch, and Topography on Distance Between FLP and RLP .... 17 Marking Locate Points .............................................................................. 18

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED vi DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual Standard Method for Locating the Transmitter .............................................. 19 Finding the Front Locate Point (FLP) .......................................................... 19 Finding the Locate Line (LL) ...................................................................... 22 Finding the RLP to Confirm Transmitter Heading and Position ....................... 24 Tracking “On-the-Fly” .................................................................................... 26 Off-Track Locating ......................................................................................... 27 Target Steering 30 Feasible Target Depth and Positioning the Receiver as a Target .................. 30 Programming the Receiver for Target Steering ............................................. 31 Steering to the Target .................................................................................... 32 Target Steering in Interference Areas ............................................................ 33 Turn Off Target Steering ................................................................................ 34 Appendix A: System Specifications and Maintenance Requirements 35 Power Requirements ..................................................................................... 35 Environmental Requirements ........................................................................ 35 General Transmitter Care Instructions ........................................................... 36 Battery Pack Storage .................................................................................... 36 Appendix B: Projected Depth Versus Actual Depth and the Fore/Aft Offset 37 What Happens When the Transmitter Is Steep and Deep ............................. 37 Appendix C: Calculating Depth Based on Distance Between FLP and RLP 43 Appendix D: Reference Tables 45 Depth Increase in Inches (Centimeters) per 10-foot (3-meter) Rod............... 45 Depth Increase in Inches (Centimeters) per 15-foot (4.6-meter) Rod ............ 46 LIMITED WARRANTY 47

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual vii Safety Precautions and Warnings Warning All operators must read and understand the following safety precautions and warnings and must review this operator’s manual before using the DigiTrak F5 Locating System. Serious injury and death can result if underground drilling equipment makes contact with an underground utility such as a high-voltage electrical cable or a natural gas line. Substantial property damage and liability can result if underground drilling equipment makes contact with an underground utility such as a telephone, cable TV, fiber-optic, water, or sewer line. Work slowdowns and cost overruns can occur if drilling operators do not use the drilling or locating equipment correctly to obtain proper performance. DCI equipment is not explosion-proof and should never be used near flammable or explosive substances. In the event of electrostatic shock, the display screen may go blank. No data loss will occur. Click the trigger to reset the receiver, or toggle down to reset the remote display. Hot surfaces can occur on cable transmitters if housing requirements are not met. Always ensure the transmitter is installed properly in the housing during use. Directional drilling operators MUST at all times:  Understand the safe and proper operation of drilling and locating equipment, including the use of ground mats and proper grounding procedures.  Ensure that all underground utilities have been located, exposed, and accurately marked prior to drilling.  Wear protective safety clothing such as dielectric boots, gloves, hard hats, high-visibility vests, and safety glasses.  Locate and track the transmitter in the drill head accurately and correctly during drilling.  Maintain a minimum distance of 8 in. (20 cm) from the front of the receiver to the user’s torso to ensure compliance with FCC requirements.  Comply with federal, state, and local governmental regulations (such as OSHA).  Follow all other safety procedures. DigiTrak locating systems cannot be used to locate utilities. Continued exposure of the transmitter to heat due to frictional heating of the drill head can cause inaccurate information to be displayed and may permanently damage the transmitter. Remove the batteries from all system components during shipping and prolonged storage; damage caused by leakage may occur.

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED viii DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual EQUIPMENT AND BATTERY DISPOSAL. This symbol on equipment indicates that the equipment must not be disposed of with your other household waste. Instead, it is your responsibility to dispose of such equipment at a designated collection point for the recycling of batteries or electrical and electronic equipment. If the equipment contains a banned substance, the label will show the pollutant (Cd = Cadmium; Hg = Mercury; Pb = Lead) near this symbol. Before recycling, ensure batteries are discharged or the terminals are covered with adhesive tape to prevent shorting. The separate collection and recycling of your waste equipment at the time of disposal will help conserve natural resources and ensure it is recycled in a manner that protects human health and the environment. For more information about where you can drop off your waste equipment for recycling, please contact your local city office, your household waste disposal service, or the shop where you purchased the equipment. The battery charger provided with your DigiTrak locating system is designed with adequate safeguards to protect you from shock and other hazards when used as specified within this document. If you use the battery charger in a manner not specified by this document, the protection provided may be impaired. Do not attempt to disassemble the battery charger, it contains no user-serviceable parts. The battery charger shall not be installed into caravans, recreational vehicles, or similar vehicles. Before each drilling run, test your DigiTrak locating system with the transmitter inside the drill head to confirm it is operating properly and providing accurate drill head location and heading information. During drilling, the depth will not be accurate unless:  The receiver has been properly calibrated and the calibration has been checked for accuracy so the receiver shows the correct depth.  The transmitter has been located correctly and accurately and the receiver is directly above the transmitter in the drill head underground or at the front locate point.  The receiver is placed on the ground or held at the correct height-above-ground distance, which has been set correctly. Always test calibration after you have stopped drilling for any length of time. Interference can cause inaccuracies in the measurement of depth and loss of the transmitter’s pitch, roll, or heading. Always perform a background noise check prior to drilling.  Sources of interference include, but are not limited to, traffic signal loops, invisible dog fences, cable TV, power lines, fiber-trace lines, metal structures, cathodic protection, telephone lines, cell phones, transmission towers, conductive earth, salt, salt water, rebar, and radio frequencies.  Interference at the remote display may also occur from other sources operating nearby on the same frequency, such as car rental agencies using their remote check-in modules or other directional drilling locating equipment.  Background noise must be minimal and signal strength must be at least 150 points above the background noise during all locating operations. Carefully review this manual and be sure you always operate your DigiTrak locating system properly to obtain accurate depth, pitch, roll, and locate points. If you have any questions about the operation of the system, please call DCI Customer Service for assistance.

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual ix Introduction DigiTrak F5 Locating System The DigiTrak F5 Locating System is used during horizontal directional drilling operations to locate and track a transmitter installed in the drill head. A complete F5 system consists of a handheld receiver, a transmitter, a remote display with battery and cable power options, a battery charger system, and three rechargeable lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery packs for powering the receiver and remote. There are several transmitter options available for use with the F5 system. These include five frequency options (1.3 kHz, 8.4 kHz, 12 kHz, 18.5 kHz, and 19.2 kHz), dual-frequency transmitters, and a cable transmitter. The options also include fluid pressure transmitters (FPTs) that monitor the pilot hole annular mud pressure, the TensiTrak transmitter that monitors the pullback force between the reamer and the product being pulled, and the Steering Tool (SST) transmitter for drilling where walkover tracking is not possible. The F5 system also has a DataLog function that allows you to record data points along the bore path. The drill data can then be uploaded to a computer with DigiTrak LWD (Log-While-Drilling) software installed, which allows you to format, analyze, view, and print DataLog files. See the DigiTrak LWD DataLog System Operator’s Manual for complete information. Brace insert Battery packs Receiver FSD remote display Transmitters Battery charger Adapter and power cords for Battery charger

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED x DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual The following sections describe each F5 system component—the receiver, transmitters, remote display, battery charger, and cable transmitter.

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual xi Receiver F5 Receiver – Side and Back Views General Description The F5 receiver is a handheld unit used for locating, tracking, and mapping the path of an F5 or F Series transmitter. The receiver converts signals from the transmitter and displays depth, pitch, roll, temperature, battery level, and fluid pressure if applicable. The F5 receiver sends this same information to the remote display at the drill rig. To meet regional requirements and for proper communication, the telemetry frequency designation for the receiver must match that for the remote display. The telemetry frequency designation is identified on the receiver’s serial number label, which is located inside the battery compartment. It must match one of those listed on the remote display’s serial number label located on the back of the unit (see Remote Display on page xliv). The receiver and transmitter must also meet specific operational requirements for different global regions. A regional designation number is provided in the receiver’s software (see figure titled Receiver Startup Screen on page xiii). This number must match the one stamped on the transmitter for proper communication. In addition, the receiver must be set to detect the transmitter being used and be calibrated for use with that transmitter (see Calibrate Receiver to Transmitter on page 6). Trigger switch Front panel Boot Battery tab Display screen Grip Battery compartment Toggle (thumb switch) Telemetry frequency designation Serial number Handle

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED xii DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual Toggle and Trigger Switches The F5 receiver has two switches for operating the system: a toggle (thumb switch) located on the top of the unit and a trigger located under the handle. Toggle Switch Used to access and navigate menus. Moves in four directions: left, right, up (toward the display), and down (toward the handle). Trigger Switch Used to turn on the receiver (hold), to select menu options, and to change the screen view for depth readings. Click once or hold, depending on the desired action. Audible Tones The F5 receiver beeps to signal power on/off, to confirm menu changes, and to acknowledge the pass/fail status of actions, as summarized below. The receiver also beeps with transmitter temperature increases (see Transmitter Temperature Warning Tones on page xlii ). Power On A series of short beeps. Power Off Four short beeps. Confirmation Signal Four short beeps confirm menu selection has been successfully executed. Failure Signal Two long beeps indicate a problem with the menu option selected and a failure screen appears until you click the trigger or remove the battery (in the case of a critical failure). Verify your setup and try the operation again or call DCI Customer Service for assistance. Installing and Removing the Battery Pack Insert a fully charged DigiTrak F Series battery pack so it is flush with the back of the receiver and the tab is securely latched. To remove the battery pack, push down on the battery tab and lift the battery pack from the battery compartment. Battery Pack Fully Inserted Removing Battery Pack Battery tab

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED xiv DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual Note If an item of the self-test fails, a warning displays and a failure message appears in place of the system name. For example, a new or reset receiver may display a message indicating a 10-ft calibration is required (see Calibrate Receiver to Transmitter on page 6). If the error is not addressed in this manual, please contact DCI Customer Service. Using the Keypad A keypad is provided in several menus for entering values at the receiver. It is used for setting the height-above-ground value in the HAG function, setting a target depth in the Target Steering function, and programming rod lengths and a survey point in the DataLog function. A variation of the keypad is used to set the date and time when using the DataLog function, as discussed in Settings Menu on page xvi. Standard Keypad To input a value, toggle to and click the desired number. Do this for each digit from left to right. When a decimal value is required (such as for feet only or meters), then the last two digits entered will be to the right of the decimal point. If a whole value is desired in this case, then enter two zeros at the end of the value. To delete the last digit entered, select the backspace key. Once the desired number is in the display window, toggle to highlight the return arrow and click the trigger to lock in the value and turn on the function. Main Menu To access the main menu from the startup screen, click the trigger. When locating, you can access the main menu by pulling the toggle switch down (toward the handle). Use the toggle to highlight different menu options and click the trigger to select a menu option. The main menu spans two screens, as shown below. A down arrow in the lower right corner indicates more menu options below (on the next screen); an up arrow indicates more options above (on the previous screen). Return arrow (shown highlighted for selection) Display window Exit (returns to main menu) Backspace

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual xv Receiver Main Menu, First Screen Receiver Main Menu, Second Screen The main menu screen displays the receiver battery status (in the top right corner), the transmitter type and frequency setting (to the left of the battery status), and the current telemetry channel selection (channel 1 is shown in the preceding example) on all receiver menu screens. The options available on the main menu are described in the following sections. Locate Mode Receiver battery status (shown fully charged) Calibration Menu Settings Menu Transmitter Selection Menu Locate Mode (blue background indicates option is highlighted for selection) Power Off Height-Above-Ground (HAG) Menu Down arrow indicates more options below (toggle down to view) Telemetry channel Description of highlighted option Drill DataLog Menu Diagnostics Menu Up arrow indicates more options above (toggle up to view) System Info Menu Transmitter Selection type and frequency Pressure-Tension DataLog Menu

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED xvi DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual screen is the default screen for locating and where transmitter data is displayed. When the receiver is detecting a signal from a transmitter, the Locate Mode screen provides real-time data about the transmitter’s location, temperature, pitch, roll, fluid pressure (when a fluid pressure transmitter is used), and signal strength. See Locate Mode Screen on page xxviii for more information. Power Off Select Power Off to turn the receiver off. Four short beeps will sound as the unit powers off. Automatic Shutdown The receiver automatically shuts down after 15 minutes of inactivity or 30 minutes when in Target Steering mode. Calibration Menu Use this menu to calibrate the receiver to a transmitter with the transmitter above ground (1-point calibration) or below ground (2-point calibration). When you select this option, the calibration method previously used is highlighted for selection. Calibration is necessary prior to first-time use and before using a different transmitter, receiver, or drill head. See Calibrate Receiver to Transmitter on page 6 for more information. Height-Above-Ground (HAG) Menu The height-above-ground (HAG) function lets you program a height measurement into the receiver so you do not have to set the receiver on the ground for a depth reading. The HAG menu has three options: enable, disable, and set. The set option allows you to change, enable, or disable the HAG setting. See Set Height-Above-Ground (HAG) Distance on page 13 for more information. The F5 always powers up with the HAG function off (disabled). Until you enable HAG, the receiver must be placed on the ground for accurate depth readings. HAG also automatically shuts off during calibration and must be re-enabled. Settings Menu Use this menu to set the following options:

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual xvii Receiver Settings Menu, First Screen Receiver Settings Menu, Second Screen Any changes made to settings will be saved when the receiver is turned off. DCI recommends that you program the receiver settings and the remote display settings to match each other. Depth Units Menu The depth units menu has four options:  xx" represents the use of inches only  x'xx" represents the use of both feet and inches  x.xx' represents the use of feet only  x.xx m represents the use of metric units (meters and centimeters) Toggle to and click your preference. The confirmation signal will sound as the screen returns to the settings menu. Depth Units Menu (shown highlighted) Pressure Units Menu Pitch Units Menu Roll Offset Menu Telemetry Channel Menu Current setting of highlighted option Set Time and Calendar Exit Force Units Menu Temperature Units Menu Current setting of highlighted option Language Selection Menu

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED xviii DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual Note The temperature units are determined by the depth units selected. Celsius (°C) temperature units will display for metric, and Fahrenheit (°F) temperature units will display for English (feet only, inches only, or feet and inches). Pitch Units Menu Use this menu to choose between two options: percent (x%) and degrees (x°).Toggle to and click your preference. The confirmation signal will sound as the screen returns to the settings menu. Set Time and Calendar Menu Use this menu to set the time and date on your receiver. This is necessary when you are using the DataLog function. Time and Calendar Keypad Setting the Time The time function runs on a 24-hour clock. To set the time: 1. Use the toggle to highlight the time icon so it is the active function, as shown above, and click the trigger. 2. Enter the time one digit at a time from left to right. For example, to set the clock to 13:39 (1:39 pm), toggle to highlight the “1”, click the trigger to select it, then do the same for 3, 3, and 9. 3. Toggle to the blue return arrow and click the trigger. The confirmation signal will sound as the screen returns to the Settings menu. Setting the Calendar The calendar function displays the date by month/day/year. To set the date: 1. Use the toggle to highlight the calendar icon and click the trigger. The display window on the keypad will change to show a date format. Return arrow (shown highlighted) Time value (date displays here when calendar is the active function) Time (shown active) Calendar (shown inactive) Exit

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual xix 2. Enter the date one digit at a time from left to right. The date format is two digits for the month, two digits for the day, and four digits for the year (MM/DD/YYYY). For example, to set the date to January 2, 2013 (01/02/2013), toggle to highlight the “0”, click the trigger to select it, then do the same for 1, 0, 2, 2, 0, 1, and 3. 3. Toggle to the blue return arrow and click the trigger. The confirmation signal will sound as the screen returns to the Settings menu. Telemetry Channel Menu This menu has five telemetry settings (1, 2, 3, 4, and 0). For communication to occur between the receiver and remote display, both devices must be set to the same telemetry channel. The current telemetry setting is highlighted when this menu opens. To change the telemetry channel on the receiver, toggle to and click your preference. The receiver will sound four confirmation beeps as the screen returns to the Settings menu. Select Exit to return to the Settings menu with no change to the telemetry channel setting. Select “0” to turn the telemetry function off, which conserves receiver battery life. Roll Offset Menu When the 12 o’clock position of the transmitter cannot be indexed to that of the drill head, roll offset allows you to program the receiver to display the roll of the drill head rather than that of the transmitter. This menu has options to set and enable roll offset or to disable roll offset, as shown below. See Set Roll Offset on page 11 for detailed instructions on using this setting. Pressure Units Menu This menu has two options: pounds per square inch (psi) and kilopascals (kPa).Toggle to and click your preference. The receiver will sound four confirmation beeps as the screen returns to the Settings menu. Temperature Units Menu This menu has two options: Fahrenheit (F) and Celsius (C).Toggle to and click your preference. The receiver will sound four confirmation beeps as the screen returns to the Settings menu. Force Units Menu This menu has two options: pounds (lb) and newtons (N). Toggle to and click your preference. The receiver will sound four confirmation beeps as the screen returns to the Settings menu. This setting is only used with the optional TensiTrak for measuring pullback pressure and tension. Language Selection Menu This menu has three options: English, Chinese, and German. Toggle to and click your preference. The receiver will sound four confirmation beeps and restart.

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED xx DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual Transmitter Selection Menu This menu allows you to specify the transmitter type, model, and frequency, when applicable. Transmitter Selection Menu If the selected transmitter type has more than one model option, as in the case of F5, F Series, Cable, and FPT transmitters, another screen appears to select the specific transmitter model. If a dual-frequency transmitter is selected, an additional screen appears to select the desired frequency. After a transmitter selection, the display returns to the main menu with the new transmitter selection showing at the top of the screen. Select Exit during transmitter selection returns the display to the previous screen with no changes. See Transmitter on page xxxiii for more information on F5 transmitter options. Note If you purchased a TensiTrak for monitoring and recording pullback pressure and tension, a TensiTrak icon will appear on a second screen for the above menu. Consult your TensiTrak owner’s manual (available online) for additional information, as selecting TensiTrak will significantly change the appearance of the Locate Mode display screen. Drill DataLog Menu This menu allows you to enable or disable the drill DataLog function to record pilot hole drill data electronically, set up new drill jobs, view and delete drill jobs from the receiver, and upload drill jobs via Bluetooth to a computer with LWD software installed. The menu options span two screens: Description of highlighted option Current transmitter selection Down arrow indicates more options below (toggle down) F5 transmitters (shown highlighted) Exit

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual xxi Drill DataLog Menu, First Screen Drill DataLog Menu, Second Screen The LWD software has a variety of options for analyzing, editing, displaying, printing, storing, and emailing the drill data. Complete instructions for using the DataLog function and the accompanying LWD software are provided in the separate DigiTrak LWD DataLog System Operator’s Manual. Diagnostics Menu Perform Level Check This check confirms that the internal accelerometers that measure the inclination of the receiver are working correctly. An inaccurate accelerometer would cause erroneous depth and location readings. Will read “Disabled, click to enable” if logging is disabled Exit Description of highlighted option Delete drill DataLog job or jobs Add survey point View drill DataLog jobs Set up drill DataLog job (shown highlighted) Upload drill DataLog job to a computer Enable/disable drill DataLog function (green if enabled, red if disabled)

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED xxii DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual Place the receiver on generally level ground and click the trigger on the green icon. The ground does not have to be perfectly level. To cancel the level check and return to the main menu at any time, click Exit. Level Test Screen 1 Rotate the receiver 180 degrees so it faces the opposite direction as illustrated by the icon on the screen and click the trigger on the green icon again. Level Test Screen 2 The receiver beeps four times, flashes a confirmation message, and returns to the main menu. Exit Continue Exit Continue

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual xxiii If the level check fails, the receiver beeps twice and displays an error screen: Level Test Failed Screen Click Retry and repeat the test as described above. If the check fails again, contact DCI Customer Service. Perform System Self-Test Select this option to perform a system self-test. The receiver will perform tests on microcontroller communication, DSP communication, DSP FPGA communication, supply voltage, EEPROM, real-time clock module, system memory, and the accelerometer. The receiver will beep four times after a successful system self-test and display the Receiver Startup Screen shown on page xiii. Click the trigger to return to the Diagnostics menu. If the receiver returns any other results, contact DCI Customer Service. Perform Signal Self-Test This option tests the signal between the receiver and a transmitter. Perform this test only in a low-noise environment with minimal interference. The transmitter signal strength as displayed in the Locate Mode Screen (see page xxviii) must be less than 55 counts. This test will indicate if the signal levels on the selected frequency’s channels are below a reasonable level. Perform the following steps with each transmitter frequency used: 1.3 kHz, 8.4 kHz, 12 kHz, 18.5 kHz, and/or 19.2 kHz. 1. Turn on a transmitter and set the receiver to the correct frequency. Set the transmitter approximately ten feet away in a low noise environment of 55 counts or less. 2. On the receiver, click the Signal Self-Test icon. 3. The locate screen displays a message indicating the test is in progress. Exit Retry

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED xxiv DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual Test Progress Screen 4. At the conclusion of a successful test, the receiver beeps four times and the locate screen displays with no errors. Successful Signal Self-Test Screen Potential test failures Background noise If the test begins in an area with too much background noise, the test stops and the receiver displays a warning similar to Background signal is too high. Find a lower-noise area and try the test again. Transmitter If there is a problem with the depth antenna in the receiver, the receiver displays the error message Fault: Depth Antenna Failure on the locate screen and locks the receiver. Contact DCI Customer Service.

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual xxv DSP channel failure In the event of a Digital Signal Processor (DSP) channel failure, the receiver displays the error message Critical: DSP channels on the locate screen and locks the receiver. Contact DCI Customer Service. System Info Menu Displays technical system information such as ID, region, and firmware version. Use the toggle or trigger to exit to the main menu. System Info Screen Pressure-Tension DataLog Menu

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED xxvi DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual The pressure-tension (P-T) DataLog menu is used with fluid pressure transmitters and the TensiTrak transmitter. It appears as shown below when the P-T DataLog function is disabled, which is the default setting. To enable the function, select the red enable/disable P-T DataLog function icon shown below; the icon will change to green. Pressure-Tension DataLog Menu Note Enabling the P-T DataLog function allows you to record a P-T DataLog job. The P-T data will display on the Locate Mode screen, however, whether the function is enabled or disabled. To start recording, with the function enabled (icon green), select Exit to return to the main menu, then select Locate Mode to display the following menu. Pressure-Tension DataLog Start Recording Menu Select either the option to create a new job or the option to append to an existing job and the display returns to the Locate Mode screen with data being recorded under the specified job number. When P-T data is being recorded, the recording icon appears at the lower right of the transmitter roll indicator. Select Exit from the P-T Start Recording menu and the Description of highlighted option Exit (opens locate mode screen; no data recording occurs) Description of highlighted option Delete P-T DataLog job or jobs Enable/disable P-T DataLog function (green if enabled, red if disabled) Exit Upload P-T DataLog job to a computer (shown highlighted) Append to an existing job (opens an existing job to continue recording data) Create a new job (opens locate mode screen and begins recording data under new job number)

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual xxvii display returns to the Locate Mode screen with data recording turned off. When the system is not recording but still has the P-T DataLog function enabled, toggling right from the Locate Mode screen will re-open the P-T Start Recording menu With a P-T job recording, toggling right from the Locate Mode screen will open the flag recording menu: DataLog Flag Recording Menu Flags may be recorded at fixed intervals and at critical points along the bore path, such as before and after crossing under a roadway or stream, for future reference when editing and analyzing the data. Complete instructions for using the pressure-tension DataLog function and the accompanying LWD software are provided in the DigiTrak LWD DataLog System Operator’s Manual. Locating Screens The screens associated with locating include the Locate Mode screen, the depth mode screen, and the predicted depth screen, each of which is described briefly below. For detailed information, see Locating on page 15. Exit (returns to locate mode screen without recording a new flag) Set a flag (records flag number indicated on locate mode screen)

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED xxviii DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual Locate Mode Screen The first option in the main menu is Locate Mode, which displays the Locate Mode screen. When the receiver is detecting a signal from a transmitter, the Locate Mode screen provides real-time data about the transmitter’s location, temperature, pitch, roll, and signal strength. Locate Mode Screen with Transmitter in Range (Trigger Released) The roll/pitch update meter displays the quality of roll/pitch data being received from the transmitter. When the meter is empty, no roll/pitch data is being received, and none will appear on either the receiver or the remote display. Depth and predicted depth readings may still be taken, but the receiver will assume the transmitter has a pitch of zero, as indicated by the image to the right appearing on the depth or predicted depth mode screen. When the roll offset function (an electronic compensation to match the transmitter’s 12 o’clock position to the drill head’s 12 o’clock position) is enabled, the roll indicator will change to a circle as shown at right. For more information on using roll offset, see Set Roll Offset on page 11. When the receiver is set to detect an F5 12 kHz transmitter and a “12/1.3” dual-frequency transmitter (part number F5D 12/1.3 or F5Dp 12/1.3) is being used in dual mode, the dual transmitter symbol will appear to the upper left of the roll indicator as shown at right. The letters “DL” or “DH” will accompany this symbol when the receiver is set to detect the dual low (1.3 kHz) or dual high (12 kHz) frequency, respectively. For proper communication, set the receiver to detect the dual mode transmitter as described in Transmitter Selection on page xxxix. Locating target (FLP or RLP) Transmitter signal strength Roll/pitch update meter Roll indicator Transmitter temperature Transmitter pitch Receiver Pitch Assumed Zero Roll Offset Activated Dual Transmitter Detected

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual xxix When using a fluid pressure (P-T) transmitter, the Locate Mode screen has an additional data field and recording symbol: Locate Mode Screen with Fluid Pressure Data (Trigger Released) When using a TensiTrak monitoring system during the pullback process, the Locate Mode screen displays the annular mud pressure, pullback force, and number of data points recorded. See the DigiTrak F5 TensiTrak Pullback and Pressure Monitoring System Operator’s Manual for complete instructions on using the TensiTrak system. Depth Mode Screen The depth mode screen displays when the trigger is held in with the receiver at the locate line (LL). There are three different depth mode screens, depending on the position of the receiver relative to the transmitter. Locating on page 15 describes how to position the receiver at the locate line. Depth Mode Screen at LL with HAG On (Trigger In) When the HAG setting is disabled, the receiver is shown on the ground and must be placed on the ground during depth readings. Height-above-ground (HAG) setting Locate line (LL) Transmitter depth Transmitter pitch Bird's-eye view Transmitter battery status and approximate orientation (will point up with positive pitch or be level with 0 pitch) Fluid pressure on transmitter (displays in kPa when using metric units) Recording symbol indicates that P-T data is being recorded Reference Lock indicator

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED xxx DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual Predicted Depth Screen The predicted depth screen displays when the receiver is positioned at the front or rear locate point (FLP or RLP) and the trigger is held in. The predicted depth is the depth the transmitter is calculated to be at when it reaches the front locate point if it continues on its current trajectory. The predicted depth is only valid at the FLP. See Locating on page 15 for more information. Predicted Depth Screen at FLP with HAG On (Trigger in) Depth Display Screen, No Data The depth screen can be accessed at any time during locating by holding in the trigger. However, the depth screen will not display any depth or predicted depth when the receiver is not positioned at the locate line or at the front or rear locate point. Receiver Depth Mode Screen with HAG Disabled (when not at FLP, RLP, or LL) When the HAG setting is enabled, the receiver will be shown elevated above the ground with the HAG value displayed below the receiver. Target-in-the-box at FLP Predicted depth of transmitter HAG setting Transmitter pitch Reference Lock indicator Slanted line indicates receiver is not at FLP, RLP, or LL Horizontal distance between transmitter and FLP

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual xxxi Standard Receiver Screen Symbols Transmitter Roll – Shows the transmitter’s roll position. A line points to the roll position, and the roll value appears in the center of the clock. The number of roll positions is a function of the transmitter (12 or 24). When roll offset is used, the letters “RO” appear at the bottom left. Warning – Appears when there has been a failure in the self-test. Globe Icon – Identifies the regional designation number that appears on the receiver startup screen; must match the region number on the transmitter battery compartment. Roll/Pitch Update Meter – Shows the quality of data reception from the transmitter (specifically, data rate). This feature lets you know if you are in an area of interference or are reaching the range limit of the transmitter. Transmitter Pitch Angle – The number next to this icon on the Locate Mode screen indicates the transmitter pitch. It is also the menu selection icon for changing the pitch angle units between percent and degrees. Transmitter Signal Strength – The number next to this icon on the Locate Mode screen indicates the transmitter signal strength. or Transmitter Temperature – The number next to either of these icons shows the temperature of the transmitter. An up or down arrow will accompany a change in temperature. The icon on the right represents dangerous drilling temperatures. Receiver Icon – Indicates the position of the receiver relative to the ground for the height-above-ground (HAG) function, depth readings, the two-point calibration procedure, and the Target Steering function. Ground Level – Represents the ground for the HAG function, depth readings, and the two-point calibration procedure. Locating Icon – Represents a bird’s-eye view of the receiver. The square at the top of this icon is referred to as the “box” in the terms target-in-the-box and line-in-the-box locating. Locate Target – Represents the front and rear locate points (FLP and RLP). See Locating on page 15. Locate Line – Represents the locate line (LL), which is perpendicular to the transmitter. The LL is found at some location between the front and rear locate points only after a reference point has been obtained. See Locating on page 15. R Reference Lock – Indicates that a reference signal has been obtained for locating the transmitter. See Locating on page 15. Transmitter Battery/Drill Head – Depicts the remaining battery life of the transmitter when alkaline batteries are used (full battery shown here). Also used to represent the position of the drill head relative to the receiver in the depth screen.

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED xxxii DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual Standard Receiver Screen Symbols Receiver Battery – Depicts the remaining battery life of the receiver (shown 80% full here). When empty, the icon will flash in the Locate Mode screen , signifying that it is critical to change the battery immediately. Dual Transmitter Symbol – Appears to the upper left of the transmitter roll icon when the receiver is set for an F5 12 kHz or dual transmitter and a transmitter in dual mode is detected. The letters “DL” or “DH” will accompany this symbol to show whether the receiver is set to detect the dual low (1.3 kHz) or dual high (12 kHz) frequency, respectively. Recording Symbol – Indicates that pressure-tension data is being recorded. Appears to the lower right of the transmitter roll indicator when P-T data recording is enabled. Pressure Symbol – When using a fluid pressure transmitter, the number next to this icon on the Locate Mode screen indicates the pressure reading. If the pressure reaches an overlimit condition (from 100–250 psi or 690–1760 kPa), the value will appear red. When the pressure reaches the overload condition (over 250 psi or 1760 kPa), the value will display as “+OL”.

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual xxxiii Transmitters A transmitter fits inside the drill housing and generates a magnetic field that the F5 receiver detects. The F5 receiver must be set to match the frequency of the transmitter. The receiver must also be calibrated to the transmitter before drilling and the calibration must be verified (see on page 3). The transmitter and receiver must have matching regional designation numbers to communicate with each other and comply with local operating requirements. The transmitter’s regional designation number is located inside the globe icon ( ) near the serial number on long-range and extended long-range transmitters and on the front end cap of short-range transmitters. Types of F5 Transmitters DCI manufactures several different transmitters in five frequency options: 1.3 kHz, 8.4 kHz, 12 kHz, 18.5 kHz, and 19.2 kHz. F Series and F5 transmitters provide pitch readings in 0.1% or 0.1° increments (from 0% to 100% or 0° to 45°). F5 transmitters display roll in 24 clock positions and F Series transmitters display roll in 12 clock positions. Long-range F5 and F Series transmitters measure 15 in. (38.1 cm) long and 1.25 in. (3.175 cm) in diameter and have a depth range of approximately 65 ft (19.8 m). Several options are available, including dual frequencies and fluid pressure monitoring. Long-Range F5 Transmitter Extended long-range transmitters all measure 19 in. (48.26 cm) long and 1.25 in. (3.175 cm) in diameter and have a depth range of approximately 85 ft (25.9 m). They are available in 12 kHz (gray) or 19.2 kHz (black) frequencies. Extended Long-Range F5 Transmitter Transmitter serial number Regional designation number (must match that of receiver) Battery compartment Front end cap with temp dot and index slot

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED xxxiv DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual The short-range FS transmitter has a depth range of approximately 15 ft (4.6 m). It measures 8 in. (20.32 cm) long and 1.00 in. (2.54 cm) in diameter and broadcasts at 12 kHz. Short-Range FS Transmitter The High Interference Immunity Transmitter (PulseTrak) for F5 measures 15 in. (38.1 cm) long and 1.25 in. (3.175 cm) in diameter and has a depth range of approximately ____ ft (____ m). It broadcasts in dual frequencies and is specially designed for use in areas of high interference. Long-Range F5 Transmitter The FC cable transmitter has a depth range of approximately 90 ft (27.4 m). It measures 19 in. (48.26 cm) long and 1.25 in. (3.175 cm) in diameter and broadcasts in 12 kHz. This transmitter requires a housing that will accommodate the wire and also provide a good ground connection to the base of the transmitter. For information on using the FC cable transmitter and necessary Multi-Function Cable Box (MFCB), see the MFCB operator’s manual available on our website. FC Cable Transmitter The long-range fluid pressure transmitters (FPT) provides down-hole fluid pressure readings (from 0–250 psi or 0–1725 kPa) in addition to the standard transmitter data provided by other F5 transmitters. The pressure sensors are located on the front end cap, with two sensor ports situated on each side of the index slot. FPTs are available with two dual-frequency options: 19 kHz and 12 kHz (part number F5Dp 19/12) or 12 kHz and 1.3 kHz (part number F5Dp 12/1.3). Like the other long-range F5 transmitters, the FPTs are 15 in. (38.1 cm) long and 1.25 in. (3.175 cm) in diameter and have a depth range of approximately 65 ft (19.8 m). Regional designation number Index slot Temp dot Transmitter serial number Regional designation number (must match that of receiver) Battery compartment Front end cap with temp dot and index slot

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual xxxv Long-Range Fluid Pressure Transmitter (FPT) For complete instructions on using the DataLog system for recording pressure-tension data, please see the DigiTrak LWD DataLog System Operator’s Manual. For a list of all current DigiTrak Transmitters, see Transmitter Selection on page xxxix. Batteries and Power On/Off DCI long-range transmitters require two C-cell alkaline batteries or one DCI SuperCell lithium battery. DCI extended long-range transmitters require one DCI SuperCell lithium battery. It is not practical to use alkaline batteries in extended long-range transmitters because they would only last a few hours. The short-range FS transmitter requires one AA alkaline battery or one 1.5 V AA lithium battery. Installing Batteries / Power On DCI transmitters power on as soon as batteries are properly installed. To install the batteries: 1. Use a large slotted screwdriver to remove the battery cap from the transmitter by rotating it counterclockwise. On an FPT or FS transmitter, grasp and rotate the knurled cap counterclockwise. 2. Insert the battery or batteries into the transmitter with the positive terminals first. When using two C-cell batteries, include the battery contact spring that came with the transmitter as shown below. Alkaline Batteries Installed with Battery Contact Spring 1.5 V 1.5 VFluid pressure sensor ports (clean after use) Battery cap Front end cap Battery contact spring Battery cap Battery Battery Housing

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED xxxvi DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual Note Do NOT use the battery contact spring at either end of a single SuperCell™ battery. Select the frequency of a dual-frequency transmitter by installing the batteries with the transmitter pointing either up or down: Load batteries with transmitter pointing up To operate F5D 12/1.3 or F5Dp 12/1.3 transmitter in single high (SH) mode (12 kHz) or To operate F5D 19/12 or F5Dp 19/12 transmitter in high-frequency mode (19.2 kHz) 1.5 V 1.5 VSuperCell 1.5 V 1.5 VSuperCell Load batteries with transmitter pointing down To operate F5D 12/1.3 or F5Dp 12/1.3 transmitter in dual high (DH) mode (12 kHz) or dual low (DL) mode (1.3 kHz) or To operate F5D 19/12 or F5Dp 19/12 transmitter in low-frequency mode (12 kHz) Setting the Frequency of Dual-Frequency Transmitters Note The pressure sensor in an FPT (F5Dp 19/12 or F5Dp 12/1.3) will be set to zero when the transmitter powers up. 3. After installing the batteries, replace the battery cap. Be sure to keep a dual-frequency transmitter in the correct orientation while replacing the battery cap. When using a “19/12” dual-frequency transmitter (F5D 19/12 or F5Dp 19/12), you can change the frequency after batteries are installed (see Changing the Frequency of a “19/12” Dual-Frequency Transmitter on page xli). The “12/1.3” dual-frequency transmitters (F5D 12/1.3 and F5Dp 12/1.3) must be set to single (12 kHz) or dual mode (12/1.3 kHz) when batteries are installed. 3.6 V

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual xxxvii Transmitter Battery Status The battery status symbol at the bottom of the receiver’s depth mode screen indicates the battery life remaining for alkaline batteries. Because the battery status for a SuperCell battery will appear full until just before it is fully depleted, you must track its hours of use. Sleep Mode (Automatic Shutdown) / Power Off All battery-powered DigiTrak transmitters go into sleep mode and stop transmitting to conserve battery power if they are stationary for longer than 15 minutes. To awaken the transmitter, rotate the drill string. If you are using an FPT, rotate the drill string approximately a half rotation; an FPT will not awaken if it lands on the same roll position at which it went to sleep. A small amount of charge will continue to drain from the batteries while the transmitter is in sleep mode. To conserve battery life, do not leave batteries in the transmitter when they can easily be removed, and always remove batteries when the transmitter is not being used. Note An FPT will continue to transmit for up to 20 seconds after the batteries are removed. If you have removed the batteries and intend to restart the transmitter in another frequency, wait until data has stopped displaying on the receiver before reinstalling the batteries. Transmitter Housing Requirements For maximum transmitter range and battery life, the slots in the drill housing must meet minimum length and width requirements and be correctly positioned. DCI recommends at least three slots, each at least 1/16 or 0.0625 in. (1.6 mm) wide and equally spaced around the circumference of the housing. For accuracy, slot measurements must be taken from the inside of the housing. Slots for long-range transmitters (15 in./38.1 cm long) must be at least 8.5 in. (21.6 cm) long and begin at least 2 in. (5.1 cm) but not more than 3 in. (7.6 cm) from the front of the transmitter: Long-Range Transmitter Housing Slot Requirements Long-range FPTs have the same slot requirements but additional housing requirements; please contact DCI Customer Service for more information. Slot position 2 in. (5.1 cm) Slot length 8.5 in. (21.6 cm) Front end Battery compartment

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED xxxviii DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual Slots for extended long-range transmitters (19 in./48.26 cm long) must be at least 13 in. (33 cm) long and begin at least 2 in. (5.1 cm) but not more than 3 in. (7.6 cm) from the front of the transmitter: Extended Long-Range Transmitter Housing Slot Requirements Slots for the short-range FS transmitter (8 in./20.32 cm long) must be at least 3.75 in. (9.5 cm) long and begin at least 1.25 in. (3.2 cm) from the front or index cap end of the transmitter: FS Transmitter Housing Slot Requirements Slots for the FC cable transmitter (19 in./48.26 cm long) must be at least 9 in. (22.9 cm) long and begin at least 2.5 in. (6.4 cm) from the front or index cap end of the transmitter: FC Transmitter Housing Slot Requirements The FC transmitter requires the use of the MFCB (multi-function cable box) system to operate. For more information and complete instructions, see the MFCB operator’s manual available on our website. A transmitter must fit snugly in its housing. It may be necessary to wrap the transmitter with tape or O-rings and/or to use a housing adapter for larger drill housings. Contact DCI Customer Service for more information. The index slot in the front end cap of the transmitter should fit onto the anti-roll pin (key) in the housing for proper alignment. If you cannot get the transmitter and housing to align Slot position 2 in. (5.1 cm) Slot length 13 in. (33 cm) Front end Battery compartment Slot position 1.25 in. (3.2 cm) Slot length 3.75 in. (9.5 cm) Front end Battery compartment Slot position 2.5 in. (6.4 cm) Slot length 9 in. (22.9 cm) Front end Wireline end

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual xxxix properly when you install the transmitter in the drill housing, you will need to Set Roll Offset (see page 11). Transmitter Selection For the receiver to detect the signal from the transmitter, the receiver and transmitter must have matching regional designation numbers (see Receiver Startup Screen image on page xiii). The receiver must also be set to match the transmitter and frequency being used (discussed below) and calibrated to that transmitter (see Calibrate Receiver to Transmitter on page 6). The transmitter selection icon on the main menu opens a window with options for each type of transmitter available for use with the F5 system. If there is more than one option for a selection, a secondary menu will appear. Your receiver may display more transmitters than are shown on the following screen depending on its configuration and your region. Transmitter Selection Menu The available menu options for each type of transmitter are listed in the table below. For dual-frequency transmitters, the menu option icon shows the required orientation of the transmitter (pointing up or down) during battery insertion to power up the transmitter in the correct mode (see Installing Batteries / Power On on page xxxv). DucTrak transmitter Fluid pressure monitoring transmitters Description of highlighted option Currently-selected transmitter F5 transmitters (shown highlighted) F Series transmitters Cable transmitter Exit

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED xl DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual Transmitter Selection Menu Options Menu Option PN/Model Frequency Menu Option PN/Model Frequency PN: F5D 19/12 HDT 19.2 kHz PN: FC FC 12 kHz (cable) PN: F5D 19/12 HDT 12 kHz PN: F5Dp 19/12 FPT 19.2 kHz PN: F5D 12/1.3 HDT Single High (SH) at 12 kHz PN: F5Dp 19/12 FPT 12 kHz PN: F5D 12/1.3 HDT Dual High (DH) at 12 kHz PN: F5Dp 12/1.3 FPT Single High (SH) at 12 kHz PN: F5D 12/1.3 HDT Dual Low (DL) at 1.3 kHz PN: F5Dp 12/1.3 FPT Dual High (DH) at 12 kHz PN: F5X 18 HDT 18.5 kHz PN: F5Dp 12/1.3 FPT Dual Low (DL) at 1.3 kHz PN: F5X 8 HDT 8.4 kHz PN: DDS 12 DDS 12 PN: DDT 12 DDT 12 12 kHz PN: FX 19 HDT PN: FXL 19 FXL 19.2 kHz PN: SST* SST 12 kHz PN: FX 12 HDT PN: FXL 12 FXL 12 kHz PN: TT5* TT5 12 kHz PN: FS FS 12 kHz PulseTrak 19 PN: ___ 19/12 ___ 19.2 kHz PulseTrak 12 PN: ___ 19/12 ___ 12 kHz *Steering Tool (SST) and TensiTrak only appear if enabled on the receiver. Contact DCI Customer Service for more information.

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual xli Once an option is selected, the screen will return to the main menu with the type and frequency of the selected transmitter displayed at the top of the screen. If a new transmitter option is selected, calibration will be required. Calibration is not required, however, when switching between transmitters that were previously calibrated. Calibration is required every time a new transmitter, receiver, or different housing is used. Note When using a “12/1.3” dual-frequency transmitter (F5D 12/1.3 or F5Dp 12/1.3), you only need to calibrate under one of the dual options, DH or DL, for both dual frequencies, 12 kHz and 1.3 kHz, to be calibrated. Verify the depth reading at two distances in both frequencies before drilling. If using single high (SH) mode, you must calibrate separately. Changing the Frequency of a “19/12” Dual-Frequency Transmitter The “19/12” dual-frequency transmitters (F5D 19/12 and F5Dp 19/12) can be used at either frequency (19.2 kHz or 12 kHz). After the transmitter has been powered on, the frequency setting of the transmitter can be changed two different ways: the pitch method is done with the transmitter above ground, while the roll method is done with the transmitter installed in the drill head and below ground. Pitch Method 1. Place the transmitter on an approximately level surface (±6.75° or ±15%) and ensure the receiver is in locate mode and transmitter data is being displayed. 2. Tilt the transmitter up so that it has a pitch value of greater than 50° (over 100% or nearly vertical). 3. Once the receiver displays the new pitch value of greater than 50° or 100%, carefully roll the transmitter at least one clock position while holding it at the tilted angle. 4. Once the change in roll displays on the receiver, hold the transmitter steady for 10–18 seconds. 5. Without rolling the transmitter, slowly return it to the level surface. 6. Watch the receiver display to observe when all transmitter data disappears, which indicates that the transmitter frequency has changed (this will take approximately 10–18 seconds). 7. Go to the transmitter selection menu on the receiver and select the new frequency, which will then display at the top of the menu screen. Open the Locate Mode screen to verify that transmitter data appears on the display. Roll Method 1. Ensure that the roll offset function is disabled and transmitter roll data is displayed on the receiver. 2. Position the transmitter at 10 o’clock (± one-half clock position) for 10–18 seconds.

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED xlii DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual 3. Slowly roll the transmitter clockwise to its 2 o’clock position (± one-half clock position) and allow it to remain there for 10–18 seconds. 4. Slowly roll the transmitter clockwise to its 7 o’clock position (± one-half clock position). 5. When transmitter data disappears from the receiver, the transmitter frequency has changed (this will take approximately 10–18 seconds). 6. Go to the transmitter selection menu on the receiver and select the new frequency, which will then display at the top of the menu screen. Open the Locate Mode screen to verify that transmitter data appears on the display. Note If you must disable the roll offset function before changing frequencies, be sure to note the transmitter’s uncompensated roll position when the drill head is at its 12 o’clock position. After a successful frequency change, you must rotate the drill head so the roll position of the transmitter shows the noted value and re-enable the roll offset. Temperature Status and Overheat Indicator All DigiTrak transmitters are equipped with an internal digital thermometer. The temperature is displayed on the bottom right of the receiver and remote display screens next to the transmitter temperature symbol . Normal drilling temperatures range from 64° F (16° C) to 104° F (40° C). You should suspend drilling when temperatures exceed 95° F (35° C) to permit cooling. Note Because the digital thermometer is inside the transmitter, temperature increases due to external drilling conditions will take time to transfer to the transmitter. Any increase in temperature should be dealt with quickly to avoid irreversible damage. If the temperature reaches 118° F (48° C), the transmitter is becoming dangerously hot. The thermometer icon will change to show that the transmitter is reaching a dangerous temperature, . The transmitter must be cooled immediately or it will be damaged. To cool the transmitter, stop drilling and retract the drill bit a few feet and/or add more drilling fluid. Transmitter Temperature Warning Tones The F5 receiver and remote display emit the following audible tones to indicate increases in the transmitter temperature: Temperature Warning Tones Below 61° F (16° C) None 61–97° F (16–36° C) Double-beep sequence (beep-beep) for every 4° C increase in temperature. 104–111° F (40–44° C) Two double-beep sequences (beep-beep, beep-beep) for every 4° C increase in temperature. Action is required to cool the transmitter.

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual xliii Temperature Warning Tones 118–133° F (48–56° C) Three double-beep sequences (beep-beep, beep-beep, beep-beep) for every 4° C increase in temperature. Cooling is critical to avoid irreversible damage. Above 140° F (60° C) Three double-beep sequences every 5 seconds on the remote display, and every 20 seconds on the receiver.THis warning signifies dangerous drilling conditions; irreversible damage may have already been done. Above 176° F (80° C) None: transmitter shuts down. 180° F (82° C) None: FS and FC transmitter overheat indicator (temp dot) turns black (see next section). 220° F (104° C) None: Long-range and extended long-range transmitter overheat indicator (temp dot) turns black (see next section). Transmitter Overheat Indicator (Temp Dot) Each transmitter has a temperature overheat indicator (temp dot) on the front end cap. The temp dot has an outer yellow ring with a 1/8 in. (3 mm) white dot in the center. The white dot will change color if the transmitter is exposed to excessive heat. Front End Cap of Transmitter Showing Temp Dot and Index Slot If the temp dot changes to silver or gray, the transmitter has been exposed to heat but not in excess of specifications. If the temp dot is black, the transmitter has been exposed to temperatures in excess of 220° F (104° C) for long-range and extended long-range transmitters and 180° F (82° C) for an FS or FC transmitter and can no longer be used. The DCI warranty is void for any transmitter that has been overheated (black dot) or had its temp dot removed. Avoid transmitter overheating by practicing proper drilling techniques. Abrasive soils, clogged jets, inadequate mud flow, and poorly mixed mud all contribute significantly to the overheating of a transmitter. Temp dot Index slot at 6 o’clock position Black temp dot voids warranty

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED xliv DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual Remote Display DigiTrak F Series Display (FSD) Front and Back General Description The DigiTrak F Series Display (FSD) is a multifunction remote used with a variety of DigiTrak receivers. It provides the drill rig operator with information from the receiver about the depth, orientation, and status of the transmitter. The FSD remote can be powered through either a DC cable source or an F Series battery pack. An external 13 in. (33 cm) telemetry antenna is supplied with your multifunction remote to enhance signal reception up to 1800 ft (550 m) with line of sight to the receiver. To meet regional requirements and for proper communication, one of the telemetry frequency designations shown on the remote’s serial number label must match the one shown on the F5 receiver. The receiver’s telemetry frequency designation is located on the serial number label inside the battery compartment (see Receiver on page xi). Power Options The FSD remote can be powered by either an F Series battery pack or DC power. Installing and Removing the Battery Pack or Brace Insert To install, hold the battery pack with the tab facing up and away from the FSD remote, then insert it into the battery compartment and push in until the tab latches in place. To remove the battery pack , push down on the battery tab and pull it away from the remote until the tab is released. Execute button Removable visor Display screen Magnetic base Serial number Telemetry frequency designations Keypad Antenna Battery pack or brace insert Direction buttons

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual xlv Connecting the DC Power Cable The DC power port and DC power cable connector are keyed for proper alignment. To connect the power cable, remove the protective cap from the power port on the back of the remote, align the key marks in the connector with the key slots in the power port, and push in and rotate the connector clockwise until the connector locks into place. Connect the other end of the DC cable to a DC power source. DC Power Cable (right) and Brace Insert Installed in FSD Remote When powering the FSD with DC power, install the brace insert in the battery compartment. The brace insert provides structural integrity and preserves battery power. Install and remove it in the same manner as the battery discussed previously. Note If both a battery pack and the DC cable are connected at the same time, the remote will draw power from the battery until its voltage is below the DC source voltage. Keypad Use the keypad to the right of the display window to operate the FSD remote. DC power port Brace insert Protective cap Battery tab Keyed connector

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED xlvi DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual Execute Button Use to turn on the FSD unit, select a highlighted menu option, adjust contrast, and execute menu options. Functions like the trigger switch on the receiver. Direction Buttons Use to navigate through menu options. Use the down button to access the main menu from the remote mode. The direction buttons function like the toggle switch on the receiver. Power On Once you have provided power to the FSD remote using either the battery pack or a DC power source, turn it on by pressing the execute button for about two seconds. A tone will sound and the main display screen will appear (see Remote Mode on page xlviii). Audible Tones The FSD remote has an internal speaker that beeps at startup and emits warning tones when the transmitter temperature increases. See Transmitter Temperature Warning Tones on page xlii for a complete listing of the warning tones and what they signify. Adjusting the Viewing Angle The FSD remote allows a viewing angle of 180° left/right, 90° up/down, and 270° about the display’s center. Up/Down Loosen and squeeze the two knobs on the back of the remote display, then adjust the screen as desired and tighten the knobs. If the knobs are loose, the display will hold its vertical position only until the knobs are squeezed together or the display is vibrated. Thus, DCI recommends tightening the knobs before drilling.

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual xlvii Caution Adjusting the up/down orientation of the display without loosening the knobs can damage the unit. Loosen Display Knobs Adjust Viewing Angle Tighten Display Knobs Left/Right When the FSD remote’s magnetic base is secure, you can adjust the left-right viewing angle by rotating the display about the base. Center With the magnetic base secure, take hold of the display and rotate it to the desired orientation. Attaching / Removing Visor The removable visor on the FSD remote shields the screen from environmental conditions such as rain and sun. The visor is held in place by a ridge on the top and channels on the sides of the display. To install the visor, slide the pegs on the visor along the peg channels on the sides of the display until the visor locks over the ridge. To remove the visor, push the visor back over the ridge and along the channels. Squeeze knobs Rotating for Left/Right and Center Viewing Adjustments Ridge Peg channel Rotation for left/right viewing adjustment Rotation for center viewing adjustment

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED xlviii DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual Main Menu Access the main menu by pushing the down arrow button. The Remote Mode option is automatically highlighted. FSD Main Menu Screen Use the arrow buttons to highlight an option, then press the execute button to select it. The options available on the main menu are described below and in the following sections. Cable Mode enables use of the FC cable or SST transmitter. This option is not available unless you have contacted DCI to have it activated for use with a cable transmitter. Information displays FSD system information such as the software version, serial number, telemetry configuration, and current settings. Remote Mode Remote Mode opens the FSD main display screen, which is the default screen displayed on startup. It shows the transmitter pitch, roll, battery status, depth, predicted depth, and temperature. The main screen also shows the FSD battery status, receiver type, telemetry channel, telemetry update meter, and Target Steering data (if active). To exit this screen at any time, press the down arrow button to return to the main menu. For detailed information about the FSD main display screen and the FSD depth display screens, see Display Screens on page li. Power Off Select Power Off, then hold the execute button until the FSD remote turns off. Remote Mode (shown highlighted) Adjust Contrast Power Off Information Settings Description of highlighted option Cable Mode

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual xlix Settings Settings lets you change the settings shown below: FSD Settings Menu Changes made to these settings won’t be saved until the FSD remote is turned off. DCI recommends that you set the FSD remote settings to match those on your receiver. Telemetry Channel Lets you select between telemetry channel options 1, 2, 3, and 4. The remote and the receiver must be set to the same channel and must have the same telemetry frequency designation. Receiver Model Lets you set the FSD unit to work with different DigiTrak receivers. Operator’s manuals for other receivers are available on Digital Control’s website at www.digitrak.com. Telemetry Frequency Designation Opens the telemetry region options. If you must change this setting, call DCI to determine which setting is required in your area and to verify that it matches the receiver’s telemetry frequency designation. Depth Units Lets you set depth units as either English (Fahrenheit, psi, and lbs.) or metric (Celsius, kPa, and kN). Telemetry channel (shown highlighted) Depth units Receiver model Exit Telemetry frequency designation Description of highlighted option Pitch units

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED l DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual Pitch Units Lets you set pitch angle units as either percent (%) or degree (°). Exit Exits the Settings menu and returns to the main menu. If a setting was changed, the exit option is automatically highlighted. Adjust Contrast To adjust contrast, use the left or right arrow button on the remote to select either decrease contrast (left “down” arrow) or increase contrast (right “up” arrow), then press the execute button on the keypad repeatedly to change the contrast incrementally. To save the settings, use the left/right arrow buttons on the remote to highlight the curved arrow on the screen, then press the execute button to save and return to the main menu. A shortcut for adjusting contrast is to hold the execute button while pushing the right or left arrows to lighten or darken the display, respectively. Adjust Screen Contrast Decrease contrast arrow (darkens screen) Increase contrast arrow (lightens screen) Curved arrow saves contrast setting and returns to main menu (shown highlighted)

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual li Display Screens Main Screen The main screen is the default screen displayed on startup. It shows the transmitter pitch, roll, battery status, depth, predicted depth, and temperature. The main screen also shows the FSD battery status, receiver type, telemetry channel, telemetry update meter, and Target Steering data (if active). To exit this screen, press the down arrow button to return to the main menu. FSD Main Display Screen The telemetry update meter displays the amount of signal being received. If less data is being received, then fewer bars are shown on the meter. If the meter is decreasing or low, you should pause before making steering decisions to ensure you have correct data. When the meter is empty, no telemetry data is being received and all transmitter information will disappear. If the roll offset function is set on the receiver (an electronic compensation to match the transmitter’s 12 o’clock position to the tool’s 12 o’clock position), RO displays at the bottom right of the transmitter roll indicator. For more information, see Roll Offset Menu for the receiver on page xix and Set Roll Offset on page 11. If a fluid pressure transmitter is used, the instantaneous fluid pressure will show in place of the transmitter battery status on the screen above. The transmitter battery status will still show on the depth display screen (see next section). When using a fluid pressure transmitter, if the pressure reaches the overload condition (above 250 psi or 1725 kPa), then the pressure will display as 255 psi (1760 kPa). Depth Screen The depth or predicted depth of the transmitter can be viewed on the remote display, but only when the receiver is positioned at the locate line (LL) or at the front locate point (FLP) with its trigger held in. See Locate Points (FLP & RLP) and Locate Line (LL) on page 16 for information on correctly positioning the receiver. Transmitter temperature (displays in Celsius if metric units are selected) Transmitter battery status (alkaline only) Transmitter pitch Receiver type with telemetry channel FSD battery status Transmitter roll Telemetry update meter Thermometer for transmitter temperature Roll offset indicator (displays if roll offset is set on receiver)

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED lii DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual When the receiver is positioned at the LL with the trigger held in, the FSD display will change to show the depth reading, with arrows pointing to the ground and drill head. When the height-above-ground function (HAG) is turned on, the receiver icon is shown elevated above the ground with the HAG setting displayed. The following figure shows the HAG setting at 2' 03", indicating the receiver is being held that distance above the ground. For more information on the HAG settings, see Set Height-Above-Ground (HAG) Distance on page 13. FSD Depth Display at Locate Line with HAG On The depth will display for 10 seconds after the trigger on the receiver is released, and then the display will return to the main display screen. When a roll offset is set at the receiver, the letters RO will display at the bottom right of the transmitter roll indicator on the depth display and on the predicted depth display. For more information, see Roll Offset Menu on page xix and Set Roll Offset on page 11. HAG setting Depth reading Roll offset indicator appears here if it has been enabled on the receiver

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual liii Predicted Depth Screen The predicted depth screen appears when the receiver is positioned at the front or rear locate point (FLP or RLP) and the trigger is held in. However, the predicted depth is only valid at the FLP. The predicted depth display will show arrows pointing to the receiver and the predicted depth point ahead of the transmitter. For more information about predicted depth, see Locating on page 15. FSD Predicted Depth Display with HAG On As on the depth display, when a roll offset is set at the receiver, the letters RO will display at the bottom right of the clock circle on the FSD predicted depth display. The example shown above does not have the RO, which indicates that a roll offset has not been set. When the transmitter pitch information cannot be obtained at the receiver due to range restrictions or interference, the remote will assume the transmitter has a pitch of zero for depth and predicted depth readings. In this case, the remote will show the transmitter pitch as . Horizontal distance between transmitter and FLP Predicted depth

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED liv DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual Battery Charger F Series Battery Charger System General Description The DigiTrak F Series Battery Charger (FBC) system includes AC and DC power cords, an AC adapter, and three rechargeable F Series battery packs. The battery packs power both the F5 receiver and the FSD remote. The FBC battery charger can operate from AC (100–240 V, 50–60 Hz, 1.5 A max.) or DC (10–28 V, 5 A max.) power sources. The AC power cord provided with your system is standard to your global area of operation. A fully charged F Series lithium-ion battery pack (FBP) will power an F5 receiver for approximately 10 hours or an FSD remote for approximately 14 hours before recharging is necessary. A battery pack can be recharged about 400 times before the battery life is substantially reduced. Checking Battery Status To check the charge status of a battery pack, press the battery status button below the five LEDs. The LEDs indicate the charge level, with each representing 20% of the charge. The battery charge status can be checked at any time, even when the battery is installed in a unit. F Series Battery Pack Tab LEDs indicate charge level (shown 80% full) Battery status button AC adapter AC power cord F Series battery charger F Series battery packs DC power cord

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual lv AC/DC Power Setup Install either the AC adapter or the DC power cord by inserting the charger plug into the power port of the battery charger and then rotating it a quarter turn in either direction to lock it in place. If using AC power, connect the AC power cord to the AC adapter, then plug the adapter into an AC power receptacle. If using DC power, plug the DC power cord directly into the DC power source. Once powered, the LEDs on the battery charger will begin to flash in succession and the charger will emit a series of beeps. Charging a Battery Pack With the charger connected to a power source and the orange LED flashing, insert a battery pack. The battery pack will be flush with the battery charger when it is properly inserted. The charger will emit a long tone followed by four short beeps indicating an F Series battery pack has been detected. During normal charging, the orange and red LEDs will illuminate to indicate the battery pack is undergoing a fast charge cycle. The battery pack is fully charged when the orange and green LEDs flash alternately. The Battery Charger Status Indicators table below provides more information. Note F Series battery charger systems labeled for use with DCI Li-ion or NiMH battery packs will also charge SE NiMH battery packs (SBP), although the charging times, battery voltages, and estimated battery lifetimes will be different from F Series Li-ion battery packs. Battery Charger Status Indicators The battery charger has red, orange, and green LEDs that are on, off, or flashing depending on the charging status. A series of beeps will also sound to indicate a major battery pack or charger fault. The following table describes the charger or battery status indicated by the various LEDs and audible signals. Inserting Charger Plug into Power Port Green LED Orange LED Red LED Charger plug Power port

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED lvi DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual LEDs and Audible Signals Charger or Battery Pack Status Status Description Action Flashing Orange No Battery Pack Detected No battery pack or unknown battery type detected. Insert viable battery pack. Solid Green & Solid Orange Slow Charge / Voltage Restoration Battery pack voltage is less than 11.0 V, or Battery pack temperature is above 104° F (40° C). None. Charger will slowly restore battery pack to full voltage. Flashing Green & Solid Orange Minor Charger Fault Fault detected within charger temperature sensor circuitry. Charger is safe to use temporarily with charge current limited to less than 1.0 A, but it should be sent in for repair as soon as convenient. Solid Orange & Solid Red Fast Charge Normal operation; charge duration is approximately 4 hours. None. Alternately Flashing Green & Orange Full Charge Battery pack is charged to 100% capacity. Remove fully charged battery pack. Alternately Flashing Green & Red Charge Terminated Over-discharged battery pack could not be revived within a reasonable amount of time, or battery pack is in an over-charged condition. Battery pack is damaged or near the end of its useable life. If battery pack is fairly new and in good physical condition, contact DCI Customer Service. Otherwise, battery pack is unrecoverable and should be properly recycled. Alternately Flashing Orange & Red with Series of Beeps Battery Pack Temperature Fault Battery pack temperature is above 122° F (50° C), or battery pack temperature is below 32° F (0° C). If battery pack is hot, try to cool it down; if cold, try to warm it up. Then recharge battery pack. Flashing Red with Series of Beeps Permanent Battery Pack Fault Battery pack voltage is less than 5.0 V. Battery pack is unrecoverable and should be properly recycled. Flashing Green, Orange & Red with Series of Beeps Major Charger Fault Unrecoverable hardware failure of charger electronics detected. Stop using charger and send it in for repair immediately; please contact DCI Customer Service. Warnings and Precautions DCI assumes no liability for problems that occur when you do not follow these warnings and precautions, as well as the general precautions outlined in Safety Precautions and Warnings on page vii. Warning The charger is designed with adequate safeguards to protect you from shock and other hazards when used as specified within this manual. If you use the charger in a manner not specified by this document, the protection provided by the charger may be impaired. Please read this manual before using the charger.

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED 2 DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual Warning If you transport the charger in checked baggage, be sure to remove the batteries from the charger before packing it. Temperature The temperature of the air around the battery charger should be between +32° to +95° F (0° to +35° C). Charging the battery outside this range may increase charge time, harm battery performance, or reduce battery life. It is important to maintain free airflow around the charger, especially near the top and bottom vents. If the FBP battery’s internal temperature is below +32° F (0° C) or above 122° F (50° C), the charger will not deliver charge current and will indicate a temperature fault. Power Input Use the supplied AC adapter and power cord or DC power cord to power the charger with DC power in the specified voltage range. Failure to do so could damage the charger, void the warranty, and cause a safety hazard. User Serviceability Do not disassemble the charger. It contains no user-serviceable parts. Liquids Avoid spilling liquids on the charger, which could cause a short circuit it. If liquids are accidentally spilled on the charger, send it to DCI for repair. Battery Disposal All DCI lithium-ion batteries are classified by the United States federal government as non-hazardous waste and are safe for disposal in the normal municipal waste stream. These batteries, however, do contain recyclable materials and are accepted for recycling by the Rechargeable Battery Recycling Corporation’s (RBRC) Battery Recycling Program. Please call 1-800-8-BATTERY or go to the RBRC website at www.rbrc.org or information on recycling your used battery.

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual 3 Getting Started This section details the basic steps required to set up the F5 locating system and prepare for locating. These steps include:  Power on the receiver, remote display, and transmitter (next section)  Conduct interference check (page 4)  Calibrate receiver to transmitter and/or verify calibration (page 6)  Set roll offset, if required (page 11)  Set height-above-ground (HAG) distance (page 13) Additional steps are required when using the drill DataLog or pressure-tension DataLog function (Log-While-Drilling, LWD), the F5 TensiTrak system pullback and pressure monitoring system, or a cable transmitter. Manuals for LWD, TensiTrak, and the Multi-Function Cable Box (MFCB) used with cable transmitters are available on our website. Power on Receiver, Remote Display, and Transmitter Receiver 1. Before loading a battery pack, note the telemetry frequency designations listed on the serial number label inside the battery compartment. 2. Install a fully charged battery pack. 3. Turn on the receiver by holding in the trigger switch for about two seconds. 4. Note the regional designation number on the receiver startup screen. This number must match that of the transmitter. 5. Click the trigger to display the main menu. 6. From the main menu, select the Settings menu. 7. Use the Settings menu to set the depth units, pitch units, time and calendar, telemetry channel, pressure units, temperature units, and force units, as needed. Remote Display 1. Compare the telemetry frequency designations listed on the back of the remote display with the numbers from the receiver’s serial number label. If they don’t match, contact DCI Customer Service. 2. Install a fully charged battery pack or connect the DC power cable and install the brace insert in the battery compartment. 3. Press the execute button to turn on the remote. You will see the main screen. 4. Press the down arrow button to display the main menu.

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED 4 DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual 5. From the main menu, select the Settings menu to set the depth units, pitch units, and telemetry channel. Ensure you use the same settings here as you are on the receiver. You should also use the same system of units (English or metric) on both devices. Transmitter 1. Compare the regional designation number on the transmitter with the number on the receiver’s serial number label. If they don’t match, contact DCI Customer Service. 2. Install batteries to power it on in the correct frequency (see Installing Batteries / Power On on page xxxv). 3. Using the transmitter selection menu, set the receiver to detect the type and frequency of the transmitter (Transmitter Selection on page xxxix). Conduct Interference Check What Interference Is and How to Check for It Before drilling (preferably before bidding on a project), evaluate the interference potential at the job site. Interference can reduce the transmitter’s range or cause variable readings and possibly result in job slowdowns. Interference is classified as either active and passive. Active interference, also known as electrical interference or background noise, can have varying effects upon the F5 locating equipment. Most electrical devices emit signals that can affect your ability to locate the transmitter accurately or get good pitch/roll readings. Some examples of active interference are traffic signal loops, buried dog fences, cathodic protection, radio communications, microwave towers, cable TV, fiber-trace lines, utility data transmissions, security systems, power lines, and phone lines. You can conduct a test for the presence of active interference with the F5receiver; see the following section. Passive interference can reduce the amount of signal received from the transmitter, which results in deeper-than-expected depth readings or a completely blocked signal. Examples of passive interference include metal objects such as pipes, rebar, trench plate, chain-link fence, and vehicles. Two other examples of passive interference are saltwater/salt domes and conductive earth, such as iron ore. You cannot conduct a test for the presence of passive interference with your F5 system. Conducting a thorough site investigation prior to drilling is the best method of identifying passive interference sources. To familiarize yourself with the interference potential along your intended bore path, first conduct a background noise check, then verify the speed and accuracy of the roll and pitch information. Background Noise Check With the transmitter off, walk the bore path with the receiver while monitoring the signal strength on the screen, noting any locations where it changes. The background noise should generally be at least 150 points less than the transmitter’s signal strength when measured at the maximum depth for that bore. In the following figure, the red flag area denotes an increase in background noise.

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual 5 One-Person Background Signal Strength Check (No Transmitter) Roll/Pitch Check At the end of the bore path, turn the receiver to face toward the launch end, and install batteries in the transmitter to turn it on. Have a coworker hold the transmitter and stand beside you approximately 1.5 times the maximum depth of your intended bore. Walk together in parallel back toward the launch end, keeping the separation distance constant. Periodically stop and have your coworker change the transmitter’s pitch and roll orientation so you can verify the speed and accuracy of these readings on the receiver. Note any locations where the display information becomes erratic or disappears. Two-Person Roll/Pitch Test with Transmitter Note Electrical interference is determined by observing the signal strength with the transmitter turned on and then with the transmitter turned off. If the difference between these numbers is less than 150, the electrical interference is excessive. LLLLIntended bore path Background noise Intended bore path 1.5X depth Red flag area Red flag area

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED 6 DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual Suggestions for Dealing with Interference If pitch/roll information becomes erratic or is lost, move the receiver away from the interference source while staying within range of the transmitter. Separation (use of the HAG function; see page 13) of the receiver from both passive and active interference is known to reduce or eliminate interference-related problems. Another option is to use a transmitter with a different frequency or greater depth range. A transmitter with greater depth range has more power to overcome interference. A different frequency transmitter may have less interference potential on a given jobsite. To determine which transmitter is the best option, perform a background check using different transmitters and frequencies to see which provides the best signal for overcoming interference. Calibrate Receiver to Transmitter The receiver must be calibrated to the transmitter prior to first-time use and each time a different transmitter, receiver, or drill head is used. The transmitter must be installed in a drill housing during the calibration procedure. For information on how to first select the transmitter, see Transmitter Selection Menu on page xx. There are two calibration options: 1-point calibration (with the transmitter above ground) and 2-point calibration (with the transmitter below ground). The preferred method is 1-point calibration. The 2-point method is rarely needed and should only be used with caution. Both methods are described below, and both require a tape measure. Select Calibration from the main menu.The calibration option previously used is automatically highlighted. Receiver Calibration Menu To cancel the calibration procedure, toggle to and click Exit. The display will return to the main menu with no change to the calibration. Note DCI does not recommend calibrating every day, but you should verify the receiver’s depth reading daily at different distances using a tape measure. Exit 1-point calibration (shown highlighted) 2-point calibration View calibration

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual 7 Do not calibrate if:  You are within 10 ft (3 m) of metal structures, such as steel pipe, chain-link fence, metal siding, construction equipment, automobiles, etc.  The receiver is over rebar or underground utilities.  The receiver is in the vicinity of excessive electrical interference.  The signal strength from the transmitter is less than 300 points (too low) or greater than 950 points (too high). If the signal is not within the specified range during calibration, a calibration failure screen will display indicating low or high signal strength, as shown below. Too Low Too High Calibration Failure Screen – Signal Strength Click the trigger to retry the calibration or toggle right to select exit and return to the main menu. If the calibration failure screen appears, verify your setup and try again or call DCI Customer Service. Note The transmitter must be installed in a drill housing during the calibration procedure. 1-Point Calibration (Above Ground) 1. Place the receiver and the transmitter (in a housing) on level ground, with both devices powered up. They must be parallel to each other and spaced 10 ft (3 m) apart. Use a tape measure to ensure the distance is 10 ft (3 m) from the center of the transmitter to the inside edge of the receiver, as shown below on the calibration screen. 2. With the receiver in locate mode, verify that roll and pitch values are being displayed and that a steady signal is being received from the transmitter. Record the transmit-ter’s signal strength at the calibration distance (10 ft or 3 m) so it can be compared to future signal strength values. A change in signal strength can indicate you are currently in an interference environment or there is a problem with your equipment. Retry Exit

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED 8 DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual 3. From the main menu, select Calibration, then the 1-point calibration option. 1-Point Calibration Screen 4. Click the trigger on Continue to initiate calibration. The screen will show that the receiver is calibrating. Do not move the receiver. Calibration-In-Progress Screen 5. When calibration is complete, the confirmation signal will sound and a checkmark will display on the screen, indicating a successful calibration. The screen will then return to the Locate Mode screen. If calibration fails, two long beeps will sound and the calibration failure screen will display. Verify the setup and try again or call DCI Customer Service. After successfully completing the 1-point calibration procedure, take a depth measurement with the transmitter and receiver in the same orientation as during calibration. The depth should be 10 ft ± 5 in. (or 3 m ± 15 cm). Take another depth reading at some other measured distance and verify that the depth reading on the display remains accurate. If necessary, turn Height Above Ground (HAG) back on. See Set Height-Above-Ground (HAG) Distance on page 13 for more information. Continue 1-point calibration (shown highlighted) Exit (returns to main menu) 10′ (or 3 m)

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual 9 Note If depth data does not display, you will need to obtain a reference lock (“R”). See discussion under Finding the Front Locate Point (FLP) on page 19. 2-Point Calibration (In Ground) The 2-point calibration procedure is rarely needed. It requires you to obtain two calibration points, one with the receiver placed on the ground and one with the receiver raised 3 ft (or 1 m) above the ground. If you must calibrate with the transmitter in the ground, use this procedure with caution. 1. With the receiver in locate mode, position the receiver directly above an approximately level transmitter (see Locating on page 15 for instructions on aligning the receiver directly above the transmitter and ensuring the transmitter is level). 2. Verify that the signal strength readings with the receiver on the ground and raised 3 ft (or 1 m) above the ground are both between 300 and 950 points. If the signal strength is too high with the receiver on the ground, lift the receiver until the signal is within an acceptable range. The second point should then be measured 3 ft (or 1 m) above that point. If the signal is too low, pull back to calibrate. 3. Verify that roll and pitch values are displaying on the receiver and that the transmitter is sending a steady signal. 4. From the main menu, select Calibration, then the 2-point calibration option. 2-Point Calibration, Obtain 1st Point 5. Click the trigger to obtain the first calibration point. The calibration-in-progress screen displays. Do not move the receiver. 6. Once the first calibration point is obtained, the second calibration point screen appears.

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED 10 DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual 2-Point Calibration, Obtain 2nd Point 7. Lift the receiver 3 ft (or 1 m) directly up and click the trigger to initiate calibration of the second calibration point. The calibration-in-progress screen displays again. Do not move the receiver. 8. Once the second point is obtained, the confirmation signal will sound and a checkmark will display on the screen, indicating a successful calibration. The screen will then return to the Locate Mode screen. If calibration fails, two long beeps will sound and a failure screen displays. Verify the setup and try again or call DCI Customer Service. 2-Point Calibration Failure Screen After successfully completing the 2-point calibration procedure, verify the distance between the two calibration points by taking depth measurements at each point and then determining the difference between the two values. The difference should be 3 ft ±2 in. (or 1 m ±5 cm). Repeat these measurements several times as you continue drilling to verify that the depth remains valid as the pitch of the transmitter changes. This is called a two-point check. If necessary, turn Height Above Ground (HAG) back on. See Set Height-Above-Ground (HAG) Distance on page 13 for more information. (or 1 m)

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual 11 View Calibration Use this option to check the most recent calibrations for your transmitter(s). The data will include the model of transmitter, type of calibration (1-point or 2-point), signal strength, and a timestamp. Though this window lists all transmitters compatible with the F5 receiver, only transmitters calibrated to your receiver will display data in the Signal and Timestamp columns. View Calibration Window Toggle down to view additional pages. Click the trigger to return to the Calibration menu. Set Roll Offset

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED 12 DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual If you cannot align the 12 o’clock position of the transmitter to that of the drill head, you will need to set and enable the roll offset function. The roll offset function electronically compensates to match the transmitter’s 12 o’clock position to that of the drill head. To set roll offset, at the receiver main menu, select Settings, then Roll Offset . Enable Roll Offset 1. Select Set and enable roll offset from the Roll Offset menu. Roll Offset Menu 2. Ensure the drill head is at its 12 o’clock position and that the transmitter is on. Note the roll value showing on the screen. Set Roll Offset Menu 3. With the Set roll offset option highlighted as shown, click the trigger to set the roll offset. The receiver will beep four times as the screen returns to the settings menu with roll offset enabled. Disable roll offset Exit Set and enable roll offset (shown highlighted) Set roll offset (shown highlighted) Roll indicator showing transmitter’s uncompensated roll position

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual 13 If the receiver does not detect a roll signal from the transmitter, the roll offset operation fails: Roll Offset Failure Screen Click the trigger to retry setting the roll offset or toggle right to select exit and return to the settings menu. If the roll offset failure screen appears, verify the setup and try again or contact DCI Customer Service. Disable Roll Offset To turn off the roll offset function, select the disable roll offset option from the roll offset menu. The confirmation signal will sound as the screen returns to the settings menu. The value that displays for roll on the Locate Mode screen will be that of the transmitter. Set Height-Above-Ground (HAG) Distance The height-above-ground (HAG) function allows you to program a height measure-ment into the receiver so that you do not have to set the receiver on the ground for a depth reading. Raising the receiver above the ground provides separation from underground interference, which can reduce the transmitter’s range or cause variable readings. 1. Before accessing the HAG menu to turn on or set the HAG, you should measure your desired HAG distance. To do so, hold the receiver comfortably at your side and measure the distance from the bottom of the receiver to the ground. The available values range from 12–100 in. when English units are used, or 0.30–2.54 m when metric units are used.

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED 14 DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual 2. From the receiver main menu, select the HAG menu option. You will see the HAG menu with the enable option highlighted for selection and the current or default (12 in. or 0.30 m) HAG setting shown in the description line at the bottom of the screen. If the HAG had previously been enabled, the disable option would show automatically highlighted for selection. HAG Menu Screen 3. Click the trigger to enable the HAG at the value shown at the bottom of the screen. The confirmation signal will sound as the screen returns to the main menu. Depth readings must be taken with the receiver held at this height. If you want to change the HAG value, select the Enable HAG option to open the keypad and set a new HAG value. Set and enable HAG Disable HAG Enable HAG (shown highlighted) Description of highlighted selection with current HAG setting in inches or meters Exit

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual 15 Locating Locating in High-Interference Area with the F5 Receiver Locating with the F5 system is relatively easy and intuitive, but you must understand some locating basics first. This section explains the front and rear locate points (FLP and RLP) and locate line (LL), the geometry of these elements with respect to the transmitter, and the proper method for marking locate points. It then describes the standard locating procedure, followed by instructions for tracking “on-the-fly” (while the tool is moving) and for tracking the transmitter when you cannot walk over it, called off-track locating. For a detailed explanation of how to track the transmitter when it is steep and deep, please read the information provided in Appendix B: Projected Depth Versus Actual Depth and the Fore/Aft Offset on page 37.

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED 16 DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual Locating Basics Locate Points (FLP & RLP) and Locate Line (LL) The F5 receiver locates the transmitter by detecting three specific places in the transmitter’s magnetic field: the locate points and the locate line. The locate points are indistinguishable from one another by the receiver. They represent similar points in the transmitter’s field in front of and behind the transmitter. The front locate point (FLP) is ahead of the transmitter, and the rear locate point (RLP) is behind the transmitter (see Appendix B on page 37 for more information about the transmitter’s magnetic field). The locate line (LL) extends 90° to the left and right of the transmitter (perpendicular) when the transmitter is at 0% pitch, and represents the location of the transmitter between the FLP and RLP. The most accurate tracking requires the use of all three locations to determine the position, heading, and depth of the transmitter. Aligning the FLP and RLP reveals the heading and left/right position of the transmitter. The LL determines the central position and depth of the transmitter when the receiver is properly aligned between the FLP and RLP. Geometry of FLP, RLP, and LL from Top (Bird’s-Eye) and Side Views Note how the RLP and FLP are equal distances from the LL when the transmitter is level. LLFLPRLPLLFLPRLP70°Bird’s-eye view (looking down) Side view Transmitter Transmitter Drill Axis line Drill Surface of ground

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual 17 Note If the transmitter pitch exceeds ±30% (or ±17°) and/or the transmitter depth exceeds 15 ft (4.6 m), the position of the locate line will be somewhat ahead of or behind the transmitter’s actual position. In these cases, the depth displayed on the receiver is referred to as the projected depth. Appendix B on page 37 provides more information regarding this situation. Effects of Depth, Pitch, and Topography on Distance Between FLP and RLP The deeper the transmitter is, the further apart the FLP and RLP will be. The distance between the FLP and RLP with respect to the location of the LL is also a function of the transmitter pitch and the topography (for more information, see Appendix B on page 37). When the transmitter pitch is negative, the FLP will be further from the LL than the RLP (see following figure). When the transmitter pitch is positive, the RLP will be further from the LL than the FLP. If the ground surface or topography slopes significantly, the locations of the FLP and RLP will also be affected with respect to the LL even if the transmitter itself is level. Effect of Pitch on Distance Between FLP, RLP, and LL It is possible to calculate depth (for comparison to the receiver’s depth reading) using the distance between the locate points and the pitch of the transmitter. For additional information, see Appendix C: Calculating Depth Based on Distance Between FLP and RLP on page 43. LLFLPRLP70°Drill Surface of ground Transmitter (negative or downward pitch)

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED 18 DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual Marking Locate Points The locate points (FLP and RLP) and the locate line (LL) must be found and accurately marked during the locating procedure. To mark a locate point, stand with the receiver level at the locate point. Look down the vertical axis that runs through the center of the display to project a plumb line to the ground (see figure below). Mark where this plumb line hits the ground . Plumb Line for Marking Locate Points Plumb line or vertical axis Center of display Front of receiver Place marker straight down on ground

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual 19 Standard Method for Locating the Transmitter With the F5 system, you can locate the transmitter and its heading while it moves, whether standing in front of it, behind it, or toward the side. You can also locate the transmitter facing either toward or away from the drill rig. The standard method described in this section guides you to the transmitter while standing in front of it, facing the drill rig. This is the recommended method for locating. As you continue to drill or as the bore path curves, you may be facing the last marked locate point rather than the drill rig. Setup for Standard Locating Method Standard Locating Method with a Curved Path Depth readings and data points for the drill DataLog function may be taken at the FLP or at the LL. Hold the trigger in to view the depth or predicted depth, to send the depth reading to the remote display, and to log data points for the drill DataLog function (see the DigiTrak LWD DataLog System Operator’s Manual for complete instructions on logging data points). Finding the Front Locate Point (FLP) The locating procedure described here assumes you are facing the drill with the transmitter below ground and between you and the drill. 1. Start with the receiver on and in locate mode. 2. Stand out in front of the drill head at a distance of approximately one rod length. LLFLPRLPLLFLPRLPMove forward Move forward Drill Drill

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED 20 DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual The FLP will be found further out in front of the drill head as the drill head gets deeper. 3. Observe the position of the locating target ( ) relative to the receiver box on the display. The figures below illustrate what you might see on the display and the actual position of the receiver, transmitter, and locate points. Note that the FLP is ahead of and to the left of the receiver, as shown in the receiver display. Receiver Locate Mode Screen Actual Position of Receiver and Transmitter 4. Walk in the direction indicated by the picture on the screen to center the target in the box, which is forward and to the left in this example. 5. When the target is centered in the box, hold the trigger in for one second so the receiver can get a “lock” on the reference signal. The “R” symbol will appear at the top of the depth screen. The locate line (LL) will not display later without this reference. Locating “target” “Box”

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual 21 Receiver Depth Mode Screen (at FLP with HAG on) Actual Position of Receiver and Transmitter Warning Do not hold the trigger in unless you are precisely at the FLP (target centered in box). If you are ahead of the FLP, you could set an incorrect reference that causes a ghost locate line. In this case, you must reference again at the FLP. The depth value given at the FLP is the predicted depth, which is the depth the transmitter is calculated to be at when it reaches the location beneath the receiver. If the heading of the transmitter changes before it reaches the location under the receiver, the predicted depth reading will no longer be accurate. To verify that the signal is balanced through the receiver’s antenna, carefully rotate the receiver 360° about the center of the display while keeping the receiver level. The locating target should stay centered in the box. If it does not, do not continue to use the receiver and contact DCI Customer Service. 6. With the target centered in the box, mark the ground directly below the receiver’s display screen as the FLP. Target-in-the-box Reference signal set

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED 22 DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual Finding the Locate Line (LL) 7. Continue to walk in the direction of the drill or the last known transmitter location. Keep the locating target on the vertical crosshair and observe that the signal strength is increasing. Receiver Locate Mode Screen (FLP Behind Receiver, Which Is Moving Toward LL) If the signal strength decreases, you may actually have just located the RLP. Position yourself further away from and facing the drill to locate the FLP. 8. When the target reaches the bottom of the screen, the locate line appears and the target turns solid black to indicate your focus should now be on the LL. If the locate line does not appear and the ball flips to the top of the screen, move the receiver in a forward/backward direction over where the ball flips, then hold in the trigger to re-reference the receiver to the transmitter’s signal and bring up the locate line. Signal strength higher than value at FLP Locating target aligned with vertical crosshair

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual 23 Receiver Locate Mode Screen (Approaching LL) Actual Position of Receiver and Transmitter Do not rely on the alignment of the ball with the vertical crosshair to identify the left/right position of the transmitter. Accurately locating the front and rear locate points is required to determine the transmitter’s lateral position (heading) and take accurate depth readings. 9. Position the receiver so the LL aligns with the horizontal crosshair. Receiver Locate Mode Screen (at the LL) Actual Position of Receiver and Transmitter 10. Mark the ground directly below the receiver’s display screen as the LL. You could take a depth reading here by holding in the trigger, but to be certain you are directly above the transmitter and your depth reading is accurate, first find the RLP. Line-in-the-box Locate line (red when not aligned in box for depth reading) Yaw (left/right rotation of transmitter relative to receiver)

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED 24 DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual Finding the RLP to Confirm Transmitter Heading and Position Finding the RLP will allow you to confirm the transmitter’s heading and position. Like the FLP, the RLP is represented as a target ( ) on the receiver display. Continue the locating procedure as follows: 11. From the LL, facing toward the drill or last transmitter location, walk forward while keeping the target aligned on the vertical crosshairs. Receiver Locate Mode Screen (Approaching RLP from LL) Actual Position of Receiver and Transmitter 12. Position the receiver so the locating target is centered in the box. Receiver Locate Mode Screen (at RLP) Actual Position of Receiver and Transmitter 13. Mark the ground directly below the receiver’s display screen as the RLP.

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual 25 14. A line between the RLP and FLP represents the transmitter’s heading. The transmitter is located beneath where this line and the LL cross. 15. Position the receiver at the intersection of these lines with the LL passing through the center of the box on the display and hold the trigger to take a depth reading. Receiver Depth Mode Screen (at LL) Actual Position of Receiver and Transmitter To verify the depth reading, disable the HAG, set the unit on the ground, and take another depth reading. This reading should be within 5% of the depth reading obtained with the HAG on and the receiver lifted. See Appendix B on page 37 and Appendix C on page 43 for more information on depth. With LL aligned in box, receiver may face toward RLP or FLP during depth readings

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED 26 DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual Tracking “On-the-Fly” If you are running at 0% (0°) pitch over level ground, the predicted depth will be the actual depth. In this case, all locating can be done at the FLP while the tool is moving. Once the transmitter has been found and its heading is on line, position yourself the distance of one rod length in front of the FLP on the intended bore path with the receiver facing the drill and sitting level on the ground (see Set Height-Above-Ground (HAG) Distance on page 13 if you need to turn HAG off). Tracking "On-the-Fly" with a Straight Path Tracking "On-the-Fly" with a Curved Path Depth readings and data points for the drill DataLog function may be taken at the FLP or at the LL. Hold the trigger in to view the depth or predicted depth, to send the depth reading to the remote display, and to log data points. See the DigiTrak LWD DataLog System Operator’s Manual for more information on logging data points. Warning Do not hold the trigger in unless you are precisely at the FLP (target centered in box). If you are ahead of the FLP, you could set an incorrect reference that causes a ghost locate line. In this case, you must reference again at the FLP. LLFLPRLPLLFLPRLPOne rod length One rod length Drill Drill

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual 27 Receiver Screen Tracking "On-the-Fly" Actual Position of Receiver and Transmitter As the drill head advances, the FLP should travel along the receiver’s vertical crosshairs, indicating that the tool is still on line. Once the FLP is in the box, hold the trigger in and confirm that the predicted depth reading is as expected. Off-Track Locating The off-track locating technique is useful when it is not possible to walk above the transmitter due to a surface obstruction or interference. Using the locate line’s perpendicular relationship to the transmitter, it is possible to track the transmitter’s heading and also to determine if it is maintaining its intended depth. The off-track locating method is only effective when the pitch of the transmitter is 0% (0°) and traveling under flat ground. To explain how the off-track locating method works, we will use the example of an obstruction that is on the intended bore path, as shown in the figure below. The transmitter is about to go under the obstruction. 1. Stop drilling and find the LL of the transmitter by putting the line in the box. 2. While holding the trigger in and keeping the receiver in the same orientation, step to the side of the tool until you reach a predetermined distance (P1) from it. Move the receiver forward and aft until you can see the ball jump from the bottom of the screen to the top of the screen (or vice versa), then mark this location.

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED 28 DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual Preparing for Off-Track Locating 3. While still holding the trigger in and keeping the receiver in the same orientation, step to the side of the tool another predetermined distance (P2) further away from it. Move the receiver forward and aft until you can see the ball jump from the bottom of the screen to the top of the screen (or vice versa), then mark this location. 4. While still holding the trigger in and keeping the receiver in the same orientation, step to the side of the tool another predetermined distance (P3) further away from it. Move the receiver forward and aft until you can see the ball jump from the bottom of the screen to the top of the screen (or vice versa), then mark this location. Release the trigger. 5. Connect points P1, P2, and P3 with a line. This is the locate line. Because the LL runs perpendicular (at a 90° angle) to the transmitter when the transmitter is level, we can determine the heading of the tool. By comparing the slant distance or signal strength at the predetermined distances of P1, P2, and P3, as the tool progresses, we can verify if the drill head is moving away from or maintaining the intended bore path. It is important to track the pitch of the transmitter (see Locate Mode Screen on page xxviii) to verify that the tool is maintaining the desired path. 6. As drilling continues, steer the tool to maintain a constant slant distance at each of the points P1, P2, and P3. If the slant distance increases, the tool is moving away; if the slant distance decreases, the tool is moving toward the side position. LL P2 P3P1Drill Bore path Obstruction Path around obstruction Predetermined distances

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual 29 Differences in pitch will also affect the signal strength and slant distance as the tool progresses. Off-Track Locating LL P2 P3P1Path around obstruction Drill Bore path Obstruction

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED 30 DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual Target Steering Target Steering allows the F5 receiver to be placed ahead of the drill head and used as a steering target. Position the receiver on level ground so it is facing in the same direction as the drilling. To activate Target Steering, you must program the receiver with the desired target depth. The drill head can then be guided to a point directly below where the receiver has been placed using the Target Steering screen on the remote display. Target Steering with the F5 system requires level topography for the most accurate results. It also assumes a conservative bend radius. Therefore, in situations with significant pitch changes, such as during the launch/exit ends, the up/down steering information on the remote display may not be accurate. In these situations, only the left/right steering information should be considered accurate. Feasible Target Depth and Positioning the Receiver as a Target The maximum distance the receiver can be placed ahead of the drill head for Target Steering is 35 ft (10.7 m). Beyond this distance, the up/down steering information is not accurate. Over the 35-ft (10.7-m) range, starting with the drill head approximately level, the following parameters apply:  The maximum depth change is approximately 4 ft (1.2 m).  The maximum pitch change is approximately 14%. For the most conservative Target Steering operation, we assume that the ideal drill path is a circular arc with a radius that accommodates the bend radius of most drill strings and products being installed. As shown in the diagram below, the feasible steering area is limited to the shaded region bounded by the two circular arcs. Diagram of Feasible Steering Area Maximum depth change is approximately 4 ft (1.2 m) over horizontal distance of 35 ft (10.7 m). Surface of ground Receiver Target Target Feasible Target Steering area Transmitter Current depth Horizontal distance 35 ft (10.7 m) max. Depth change 4 ft (1.2 m) max. Target depth Target depth Depth change 4 ft (1.2 m) max.

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual 31 The Target Steering procedure requires correct placement of the receiver. Place the receiver less than 35 ft (10.7 m) in front of the transmitter on the bore path with its back end (where the battery pack is inserted) facing the drill (or the last locate point, if drilling a curved path). Programming the Receiver for Target Steering The receiver must be programmed with the desired target depth using the Target Steering menu. The target depth is the depth at which you want the transmitter when it reaches the location under the receiver. Access the Target Steering menu from the Locate Mode screen by pushing the toggle up, toward the display. Target Steering Menu The screen displays the most recently programmed target depth or the default value (1.5 ft., 18 in., or 0.46 m) . If this depth matches your desired target depth value, click the trigger to program that value as your target depth. The display will return to the Locate Mode screen with Target Steering activated. To program a new target depth, toggle to and select the keypad . Enter the desired target depth and click the Return arrow to return to the Locate Mode screen with Target Steering activated, as shown in the following figure. The horizontal distance between transmitter and receiver is shown at the bottom. Use this number to help you position the receiver a maximum distance of 35 ft (10.7 m) ahead of the tool. Programmed target depth Transmitter in ground pointing toward target below receiver Exit Turn on programmed target depth Program new target depth Receiver

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED 32 DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual Target Steering Locate Mode Screen Pressure data for a fluid pressure sensing transmitter will display in a field between the transmitter pitch and approximate transmitter depth. Steering to the Target Once the target depth has been entered on the receiver and the receiver has been positioned ahead of the tool as the target, select remote mode from the remote’s main menu (see Main Menu on page xlviii) to see the Target Steering screen: Target Steering on Remote Display The steering indicator should be dead center in the display if you are correctly heading to your programmed target depth. The steering indicator in this case shows that the drill head is to the left and too high for the intended path. A steering command of 4 o’clock would bring the drill head toward the target. Note that for quick viewing and interpretation, the pointed end of the steering indicator corresponds to the clock position of the head. The horizontal distance between transmitter (drill head)and receiver is indicated at the bottom left part of the display. The current approximate depth of the drill head is indicated at the bottom right. Horizontal distance between transmitter and receiver Approximate transmitter depth Transmitter roll Transmitter pitch Transmitter temperature Approximate transmitter depth Transmitter pitch Locating target (FLP) Roll/pitch update meter Roll indicator Steering indicator Center of crosshairs Horizontal distance between transmitter and receiver

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual 33 The following image shows the side view of the position of the receiver and the transmitter on the left and an end view of the same setup on the right. Side and End Views Showing Positions of Receiver, Transmitter, and Target Target Steering in Interference Areas In areas of passive and/or active interference, it may be advisable to physically elevate the receiver above the ground. In the example below, the receiver is placed 3 ft (or 1 m) above the ground. To compensate, the target depth value will be set to 8.5 ft. (2.6 m). Side and Back End Views of Transmitter, Target, and Raised Receiver 20 44 6 5 6 5 64 620 44 6 5 6 5 64 633Drill rig Surface of ground Back of receiver Target Transmitter Target Actual position of transmitter Back of receiver This height must be added to target depth Surface of ground Back of receiver Target Transmitter Target Actual position of transmitter

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED 34 DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual Turn Off Target Steering To turn off Target Steering, toggle down from the Target Steering Locate Mode screen to return to the standard locate mode display. The receiver will now no longer act as a steering target.

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual 35 Appendix A: System Specifications and Maintenance Requirements The power requirements, environmental requirements, and equipment maintenance requirements for the DigiTrak F5 Locating System are listed below. Power Requirements Device (Model Number) Operational Voltage Operational Current DigiTrak F5 Receiver (F5R) 14.4 V (nominal) 350 mA max DigiTrak F Series Display (FSD) 14.4 V (nominal) 220 mA max DigiTrak F Series Battery Charger (FBC) Input 10–28 V Output 19.2 V 5.0 A max 1.8 A max DigiTrak F Series Lithium-Ion Battery Pack (FBP) 14.4 V 4.5 Ah max, 65 Wh DigiTrak F Series Short-Range Transmitter (FS) 1.1–1.6 V 400 mA max DigiTrak F Series Extended Long-Range Transmitters (FXL) 2–3.6 V 750 mA max DigiTrak HDT and Fluid Pressure Transmitters (HDT, FPT) 1.7–7.2 V 650 mA max DigiTrak DucTrak Transmitters (DDS 12, DDT 12) 2.4–3 V 130 mA max Environmental Requirements Device Relative Humidity Operating Temperature DigiTrak F5 Receiver <90% -4 to 140° F (-20 to 60° C) DigiTrak F Series Display <90% -4 to 140° F (-20 to 60° C) DigiTrak FS Transmitter <100% -4 to 180° F (-20 to 82° C) DigiTrak HDT and FXL Transmitters <100% -4 to 220° F (-20 to 104° C) DigiTrak Fluid Pressure Transmitters <100% -4 to 220° F (-20 to 104° C) DigiTrak DucTrak Transmitters <100% 22 to 122° F (-5.6 to 50° C) DigiTrak F Series Battery Charger <99% for 32–50° F (0–10° C) <95% for 50–95° F (10–35° C) 32 to 95° F (0 to 35° C) DigiTrak F Series Lithium-Ion Battery Pack <99% for < 50° F (10° C) <95% for 50–95° F (10–35° C) <75% for 95–140° F (35–60° C) -4 to 140° F (-20 to 60° C)

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED 36 DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual General Transmitter Care Instructions Periodically clean the spring and threads inside the battery compartment as well as the spring and threads of the battery end cap to ensure a proper power connection with the batteries. Use an emery cloth or wire brush to remove any oxidation that has built up. Be careful not to damage the battery cap O-ring; remove it while cleaning if necessary. After cleaning, use a conductive lubricant on the battery cap threads to keep it from binding in the battery compartment. Note All DCI battery-powered transmitters are shipped with a nickel-based anti-seize lubricant on the battery end cap, which aids in electrical grounding for better battery performance. Before use, inspect the battery cap O-ring for damage that may allow water to enter the battery compartment. Replace the O-ring if the one installed becomes damaged. Ensure the sensor ports in the fluid pressure transmitter remain open and free of debris. Clean with running water after every use. DO NOT use high-pressure fluid to clean the sensor ports. Placing tape around the fiberglass tube of the transmitter, if space allows, will keep the fiberglass protected from most corrosive environmental wear. HDT and FPT transmitters have a threaded hole (1/4”-20 thread) in the battery cap to allow the use of an insertion/extraction tool for installing and removing the transmitters in end-load housings. Ensure that this hole remains clear of debris. Send in the Product Registration Card for the 90-day Limited Warranty. Battery Pack Storage If you plan to store the battery packs for any period of time, please follow these guidelines.  Do not store the battery pack at temperatures greater than 113° F (45° C).  Do not store the battery pack in a fully discharged state.  Do not store the battery pack in the battery charger.  If the battery pack will be stored for an extended period of time, pre-charge the battery to a charge level of 30% to 50% (two or three LEDs illuminated on the battery pack). Do not store the battery pack for more than one year unless it is periodically recharged to the 30% to 50% level.

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual 37 Appendix B: Projected Depth Versus Actual Depth and the Fore/Aft Offset What Happens When the Transmitter Is Steep and Deep The signal field emitted by the transmitter, as shown in Figure B1, consists of a set of elliptical signals, or “flux lines”. The flux lines indicate the position of the transmitter. When the transmitter is level with respect to the ground, the locate line (LL) is directly over the transmitterthe depth displayed on the receiver is the actual depth, and the locate points (FLP and RLP) are at equal distances from the transmitter. The location of the LL is found at the intersection of the ground and the horizontal component of the flux field; the FLP and RLP are found where the vertical components of the flux field intersect with the ground. Some of the horizontal and vertical components are identified in Figure B1 by short yellow lines. Figure B1. Flux Field and Geometry of FLP, RLP, and LL (Side View) RLP FLPLL

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED 38 DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual Due to the shape of the transmitter’s signal field, when it is at a pitch greater than ±30% (±17°) and/or a depth of 15 ft (4.6 m) or more, the position of the locate line will be some distance ahead of or behind the transmitter’s actual position. In this case, the depth displayed on the receiver becomes what is called the projected depth. The transmitter’s distance ahead of or behind the locate line is called the fore/aft offset. The projected depth and fore/aft offset, shown in Figure B2, must be accounted for when the transmitter is steep and/or deep. See the tables provided later in this appendix (Table B1 and Table B2) to determine the actual depth and fore/aft offset when you know the displayed (projected) depth and pitch of the transmitter. Figure B2. Projected Depth vs. Actual Depth and Fore/Aft Offset When Steep and Deep Figure B2 shows a transmitter positioned in a drill string that is meant to illustrate drilling at either a positive or a negative pitch—the pitch is positive if you are drilling left to right, and it is negative if you are drilling right to left. The transmitter’s signal field is also pitched at the same angle as the transmitter. The locate line (LL), which is where the depth measurement is taken, is the horizontal component of the transmitter’s signal field flux lines. That is, the LL is found where the flux lines are horizontal, as illustrated with short horizontal yellow lines in the figure above. The locate points (FLP and RLP) are also shown in Figure B2. These points are located at the vertical components of the signal field, as illustrated with short vertical yellow lines in the figure above. Note that the locate points are not the same distance from the LL when the transmitter is pitched. Again, this situation requires compensation for the projected depth and the fore/aft offset. LLLPLPFore/aft offset 30% (17°) pitch Projected depth Actual depth

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual 39 Using the tables provided below, you can look up the actual depth (Table B1) and the fore/aft offset (Table B2) based on the receiver’s depth reading (projected depth) and the transmitter pitch. You can also look up the projected depth (Table B3) if you know the required depth (actual depth) of your installation and you want to find the corresponding projected depth reading that you will see on the receiver during drilling. The final table (Table B4) provides conversion factors for determining the projected depth from the actual depth or the actual depth from the projected depth at various transmitter pitches. Table B1 lists the projected or displayed depth values (shown in red) in 5 ft (1.52 m) increments in the first column and provides values for the actual depth (shown in green) at different transmitter pitches. For example, if you have a displayed depth of 25 ft (7.62 m) and your transmitter is at a 40% (22°) pitch, then you can see from Table B1 that the actual depth of the transmitter is 22 ft 8 in. (6.91 m). Table B1. Determining Actual Depth from Displayed (Projected) Depth and Pitch Pitch→ Displayed Depth ↓ ±10% (5.7°) ±20% (11°) ±30% (17°) ±40% (22°) ±50% (27°) ±60% (31°) ±75% (37°) ±90% (42°) ±100% (45°) 5' (1.52 m) 5' (1.52 m) 4' 11" (1.50 m) 4' 9" (1.45 m) 4' 6" (1.37 m) 4' 4" (1.32 m) 4' 2" (1.27 m) 3' 10" (1.17 m) 3' 6" (1.07 m) 2' 6" (0.76 m) 10' (3.05 m) 9' 11" (3.02 m) 9' 9" (2.97 m) 9' 5" (2.87 m) 9' 1" (2.77 m) 8' 8" (2.64 m) 8' 3" (2.51 m) 7' 7" (2.31 m) 7' (2.13 m) 5' (1.52 m) 15' (4.57 m) 14' 11" (4.55 m) 14' 8" (4.47 m) 14' 2" (4.32 m) 13' 7" (4.14 m) 13' (3.96 m) 12' 5" (3.78 m) 11' 5" (3.48 m) 10' 6" (3.20 m) 7' 6" (2.29 m) 20' (6.10 m) 19' 11" (6.07 m) 19' 6" (5.94 m) 18' 10" (5.74 m) 18' 1" (5.51 m) 17' 4" (5.28 m) 16' 6" (5.03 m) 15' 3" (4.65 m) 14' (4.27 m) 10' (3.05 m) 25' (7.62 m) 24' 11" (7.59 m) 24' 5" (7.44 m) 23' 7" (7.19 m) 22' 8" (6.91 m) 21' 8" (6.60 m) 20' 8" (6.30 m) 19' (5.79 m) 17' 6" (5.33 m) 12' 6" (3.81 m) 30' (9.14 m) 29' 10" (9.09 m) 29' 3" (8.92 m) 28' 3" (8.61 m) 27' 2" (8.28 m) 26' (7.92 m) 24' 9" (7.54 m) 22' 10" (6.96 m) 21' (6.40 m) 15' (4.57 m) 35' (10.67 m) 34' 10" (10.62 m) 34' 2" (10.41 m) 33' 1" (10.08 m) 31' 8" (9.65 m) 30' 4" (9.25 m) 28' 11" (8.81 m) 26' 8" (8.13 m) 24' 6" (7.47 m) 17' 6" (5.33 m) 40' (12.19 m) 39' 10" (12.14 m) 39' (11.89 m) 37' 9" (11.51 m) 36' 2" (11.02 m) 34' 8" (10.57 m) 33' (10.06 m) 30' 5" (9.27 m) 28' (8.53 m) 20' (6.10 m) 45' (13.72 m) 44' 9" (13.64 m) 43' 11" (13.39 m) 42' 5" (12.93 m) 40' 9" (12.42 m) 39' (11.89 m) 37' 2" (11.33 m) 34' 3" (10.44 m) 31' 7" (9.63 m) 22' 6" (6.86 m) 50' (15.24 m) 49' 9" (15.16 m) 48' 9" (14.86 m) 47' 2" (14.38 m) 45' 3" (13.79 m) 43' 4" (13.21 m) 41' 3" (12.57 m) 38' 1" (11.61 m) 35' 1" (10.69 m) 25' (7.62 m)

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED 40 DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual Table B2 lists the projected or displayed depth values in 5 ft (1.52 m) increments in the first column and provides values for the fore/aft offset (shown in purple), rounded to the nearest inch (or cm) at different transmitter pitches. Table B2. Determining Fore/Aft Offset from Displayed (Projected) Depth and Pitch Pitch→ Displayed Depth ↓ ±10% (5.7°) ±20% (11°) ±30% (17°) ±40% (22°) ±50% (27°) ±60% (31°) ±75% (37°) ±90% (42°) ±100% (45°) 5' (1.52 m) 4" (0.10 m) 8" (0.20 m) 11" (0.28 m) 1' 3" (0.38 m) 1' 7" (0.48 m) 1' 9" (0.53 m) 2' 1" (0.64 m) 2' 5" (0.74 m) 2' 6" (0.76 m) 10' (3.05 m) 8" (0.20 m) 1' 4" (0.41 m) 1' 11" (0.58 m) 2' 6" (0.76 m) 3' 1" (0.94 m) 3' 6" (1.07 m) 4' 2" (1.27 m) 4' 9" (1.45 m) 5' (1.52 m) 15' (4.57 m) 1' (0.30 m) 2' (0.61 m) 2' 11" (0.89 m) 3' 9" (1.14 m) 4' 7" (1.40 m) 5' 4 " (1.63 m) 6' 3" (1.91 m) 7' 1" (2.16 m) 7' 6" (2.29 m) 20' (6.10 m) 1' 4" (0.41 m) 2' 7" (0.79 m) 3' 10" (1.17 m) 5' (1.52 m) 6' 1" (1.85 m) 7' 1" (2.16 m) 8' 4" (2.54 m) 9' 6" (2.90 m) 10' (3.05 m) 25' (7.62 m) 1' 8" (0.51 m) 3' 3" (0.99 m) 4' 10" (1.47 m) 6' 3" (1.91 m) 7' 7" (2.31 m) 8' 10" (2.69 m) 10' 5" (3.18 m) 11' 10" (3.61 m) 12' 6" (3.81 m) 30' (9.14 m) 2' (0.61 m) 3' 11" (1.19 m) 5' 10" (1.78 m) 7' 6" (2.29 m) 9' 2" (2.79 m) 10' 7" (3.23 m) 12' 6" (3.81 m) 14' 2" (4.32 m) 15' (4.57 m) 35' (10.67 m) 2' 4" (0.71 m) 4' 7" (1.40 m) 6' 9" (2.06 m) 8' 9" (2.67 m) 10' 8" (3.25 m) 12' 5" (3.78 m) 14' 8" (4.47 m) 16' 7" (5.05 m) 17' 6" (5.33 m) 40' (12.19 m) 2' 8" (0.81 m) 5' 3" (0.69 m) 7' 9" (2.36 m) 10' (3.05 m) 12' 2" (3.71 m) 14' 2" (4.32 m) 16' 9" (5.11 m) 18' 11" (5.77 m) 20' (6.10 m) 45' (13.72 m) 3' (0.91 m) 5' 11" (1.80 m) 8' 8" (2.64 m) 11' 4" (3.45 m) 13' 8" (4.17 m) 15' 11" (4.85 m) 18' 10" (5.74 m) 21' 3" (6.48 m) 22' 6" (6.86 m) 50' (15.24 m) 3' 4" (1.02 m) 6' 7" (2.01 m) 9' 4" (2.84 m) 12' 7" (3.84 m) 15' 3" (4.65 m) 17' 8" (5.38 m) 20' 11" (6.38 m) 23' 8" (7.21 m) 25' (7.62 m)

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual 41 Table B3 lists the actual depths in 5 ft (1.52 m) increments in the first column and provides projected depth values at different transmitter pitches. Table B3. Determining Projected Depth from Actual Depth and Pitch Pitch→ Actual Depth ↓ ±10% (5.7°) ±20% (11°) ±30% (17°) ±40% (22°) ±50% (27°) ±60% (31°) ±75% (37°) ±90% (42°) ±100% (45°) 5' (1.52 m) 5' (1.52 m) 5' 2" (1.57 m) 5' 3" (1.60 m) 5' 6" (1.68 m) 5' 8" (1.73 m) 5' 11" (1.80 m) 6' 3" (1.91 m) 6' 6" (1.98 m) 7' 6" (2.29 m) 10' (3.05 m) 10' 1" (3.07 m) 10' 3" (3.12 m) 10' 7" (3.23 m) 10' 11" (3.33 m) 11' 4" (3.45 m) 11' 9" (3.58 m) 12' 5" (3.78 m) 13' (3.96 m) 15' (4.57 m) 15' (4.57 m) 15' 1" (4.60 m) 15' 5" (4.70 m) 15' 10" (4.83 m) 16' 5" (5.00 m) 17' (5.18 m) 17' 8" (5.38 m) 18' 7" (5.66 m) 19' 6" (5.94 m) 22' 6" (6.86 m) 20' (6.10 m) 20' 1" (6.12 m) 20' 6" (6.25 m) 21' 2" (6.45 m) 21' 11" (6.68 m) 22' 8" (6.91 m) 23' 6" (7.16 m) 24' 9" (7.54 m) 26' (7.92 m) 30' (9.14 m) 25' (7.62 m) 25' 2" (7.67 m) 25' 8" (7.82 m) 26' 5" (8.05 m) 27' 5" (8.36 m) 28' 4" (8.64 m) 29' 5" (8.97 m) 31' (9.45 m) 32' 6" (9.91 m) 37' 6" (11.43 m) 30' (9.14 m) 30' 2" (9.19 m) 30' 9" (9.37 m) 31' 9" (9.68 m) 32' 10" (10.01 m) 34' (10.36 m) 35' 3" (10.74 m) 37' 2" (11.33 m) 39' (11.89 m) 45' (13.72 m) 35' (10.67 m) 35' 2" (10.72 m) 35' 11" (10.95 m) 37' (11.28 m) 38' 4" (11.68 m) 36' 8" (11.18 m) 41' 2" (12.55 m) 43' 4" (13.21 m) 45' 6" (13.87 m) 52' 6" (16.00 m) 40' (12.19 m) 40' 2" (12.24 m) 41' (12.50 m) 42' 3" (12.88 m) 43' 10" (13.36 m) 45' 4" (13.82 m) 47' (14.33 m) 49' 7" (15.11 m) 52' (15.85 m) 60' (18.29 m) 45' (13.72 m) 45' 3" (13.79 m) 46' 2" (14.07 m) 47' 7" (14.50 m) 49' 3" (15.01 m) 51' (15.54 m) 52' 2" (15.90 m) 55' 9" (16.99 m) 58' 6" (17.83 m) 67' 6" (11.43 m) 50' (15.24 m) 50' 3" (15.32 m) 51' 3" (15.62 m) 52' 10" (16.10 m) 54' 9" (16.69 m) 56' 8" (17.27 m) 58' 9" (17.91 m) 61' 11" (18.87 m) 64' 11" (19.79 m) 75' (22.86 m) Table B4 allows you to calculate the exact projected depth reading as well as the actual depth using a multiplier. Values for the multiplier, or conversion factor, are provided at different transmitter pitches. Table B4. Conversion Factors for Calculating Exact Projected Depth or Actual Depth Pitch → ±10% (5.7°) ±20% (11°) ±30% (17°) ±40% (22°) ±50% (27°) ±60% (31°) ±75% (37°) ±90% (42°) From Actual to Projected Depth 1.005 1.025 1.06 1.105 1.155 1.212 1.314 1.426 From Projected to Actual Depth 0.995 0.975 0.943 0.905 0.866 0.825 0.761 0.701 For example, referring toTable B4, if you have a required (actual) depth of 24 ft (7.32 m), you can determine the receiver’s projected depth reading at a 30% (17°) pitch. You will use the first row of conversion factors (From Actual to Projected Depth) to select the corresponding value for a pitch of 30%, which is 1.06. Multiply this value by the required depth, which is 24,

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED 42 DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual and you will find that your receiver’s projected depth reading at the locate line should display as 25 ft 5 in. (7.75 m). Using the projected depth displayed on your receiver, you can calculate the actual depth of the transmitter using the second row of conversion factors. Select the corresponding conversion factor associated with your pitch value, then multiply that value by the projected depth. For example, if your pitch is 30% and your projected depth reading is 24 ft (7.32 m), then you would multiply 0.943 by 24 to determine that the actual depth of the transmitter is 22.63 ft or 22 ft 8 in. (6.90 m).

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual 43 Appendix C: Calculating Depth Based on Distance Between FLP and RLP It is possible to estimate the transmitter depth should the information displayed on the receiver become unreliable. This is only possible if you know the transmitter pitch and the positions of the front locate point (FLP) and the rear locate point (RLP) and if the ground surface is level. To estimate the transmitter depth, first measure the distance between the FLP and the RLP. The pitch of the transmitter must also be reliably known. Using the Depth Estimation Table below, find the divider that most closely corresponds to the transmitter pitch. Then use the following formula to estimate the depth: DividerRLPandFLPbetweenDistanceDepth  For example, if the transmitter pitch is 34% (or 18.8°) then the corresponding divider value (from the table) is 1.50. In this example, the distance between the FLP and the RLP is 11.5 ft (3.5 m). The depth would be: 7.661.50ft 11.5Depth ft or approximately 7.7 ft (2.35 m) Table C1. Depth Estimation Table Pitch ( % / ° ) Divider Pitch ( % / ° ) Divider Pitch ( % / ° ) Divider 0 / 0.0 1.41 34 / 18.8 1.50 68 / 34.2 1.74 2 / 1.1 1.41 36 / 19.8 1.51 70 / 35.0 1.76 4 / 2.3 1.42 38 / 20.8 1.52 72 / 35.8 1.78 6 / 3.4 1.42 40 / 21.8 1.54 74 / 36.5 1.80 8 / 4.6 1.42 42 / 22.8 1.55 76 / 37.2 1.82 10 / 5.7 1.42 44 / 23.7 1.56 78 / 38.0 1.84 12 / 6.8 1.43 46 / 24.7 1.57 80 / 38.7 1.85 14 / 8.0 1.43 48 / 25.6 1.59 82 / 39.4 1.87 16 / 9.1 1.43 50 / 26.6 1.60 84 / 40.0 1.89 18 / 10.2 1.44 52 / 27.5 1.62 86 / 40.7 1.91 20 / 11.3 1.45 54 / 28.4 1.63 88 / 41.3 1.93 22 / 11.9 1.45 56 / 29.2 1.64 90 / 42.0 1.96 24 / 13.5 1.46 58 / 30.1 1.66 92 / 42.6 1.98 26 / 14.6 1.47 60 / 31.0 1.68 94 / 43.2 2.00 28 / 15.6 1.48 62 / 31.8 1.69 96 / 43.8 2.02 30 / 16.7 1.48 64 / 32.6 1.71 98 / 44.4 2.04

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED 44 DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual Pitch ( % / ° ) Divider Pitch ( % / ° ) Divider Pitch ( % / ° ) Divider 32 / 17.7 1.49 66 / 33.4 1.73 100 / 45.0 2.06

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual 45 Appendix D: Reference Tables Depth Increase in Inches (Centimeters) per 10-foot (3-meter) Rod Percent Depth Increase Percent Depth Increase 1 1 (2) 28 32 (81) 2 2 (5) 29 33 (84) 3 4 (10) 30 34 (86) 4 5 (13) 31 36 (91) 5 6 (15) 32 37 (94) 6 7 (18) 33 38 (97) 7 8 (20) 34 39 (99) 8 10 (25) 35 40 (102) 9 11 (28) 36 41 (104) 10 12 (30) 37 42 (107) 11 13 (33) 38 43 (109) 12 14 (36) 39 44 (112) 13 15 (38) 40 45 (114) 14 17 (43) 41 46 (117) 15 18 (46) 42 46 (117) 16 19 (48) 43 47 (119) 17 20 (51) 44 48 (122) 18 21 (53) 45 49 (124) 19 22 (56) 46 50 (127) 20 24 (61) 47 51 (130) 21 25 (64) 50 54 (137) 22 26 (66) 55 58 (147) 23 27 (69) 60 62 (157) 24 28 (71) 70 69 (175) 25 29 (74) 80 75 (191) 26 30 (76) 90 80 (203) 27 31 (79) 100 85 (216)

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED 46 DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual Depth Increase in Inches (Centimeters) per 15-foot (4.6-meter) Rod Percent Depth Increase Percent Depth Increase 1 2 (5) 28 49 (124) 2 4 (10) 29 50 (127) 3 5 (13) 30 52 (132) 4 7 (18) 31 53 (135) 5 9 (23) 32 55 (140) 6 11 (28) 33 56 (142) 7 13 (33) 34 58 (147) 8 14 (36) 35 59 (150) 9 16 (41) 36 61 (155) 10 18 (46) 37 62 (157) 11 20 (51) 38 64 (163) 12 21 (53) 39 65 (165) 13 23 (58) 40 67 (170) 14 25 (64) 41 68 (173) 15 27 (69) 42 70 (178) 16 28 (71) 43 71 (180) 17 30 (76) 44 72 (183) 18 32 (81) 45 74 (188) 19 34 (86) 46 75 (191) 20 35 (89) 47 77 (196) 21 37 (94) 50 80 (203) 22 39 (99) 55 87 (221) 23 40 (102) 60 93 (236) 24 42 (107) 70 103 (262) 25 44 (112) 80 112 (284) 26 45 (114) 90 120 (305) 27 47 (119) 100 127 (323)

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual 47 LIMITED WARRANTY Digital Control Incorporated ("DCI") warrants that when shipped from DCI each DCI Product will conform to DCI’s current published specifications in existence at the time of shipment and will be free, for the warranty period (“Warranty Period”) described below, from defects in materials and workmanship. The limited warranty described herein (“Limited Warranty”) is not transferable, shall extend only to the first end-user (“User”) purchasing the DCI Product from either DCI or a dealer expressly authorized by DCI to sell DCI Products (“Authorized DCI Dealer”), and is subject to the following terms, conditions and limitations: 1. A Warranty Period of twelve (12) months shall apply to the following new DCI Products: receivers/locators, remote displays, battery chargers and rechargeable batteries, and DataLog® modules and interfaces. A Warranty Period of ninety (90) days shall apply to all other new DCI Products, including transmitters, accessories, and software programs and modules. Unless otherwise stated by DCI, a Warranty Period of ninety (90) days shall apply to: (a) a used DCI Product sold either by DCI or by an Authorized DCI Dealer who has been expressly authorized by DCI to sell such used DCI Product; and (b) services provided by DCI, including testing, servicing, and repairing an out-of-warranty DCI Product. The Warranty Period shall begin from the later of: (i) the date of shipment of the DCI Product from DCI, or (ii) the date of shipment (or other delivery) of the DCI Product from an Authorized DCI Dealer to User. 2. DCI’s sole obligation under this Limited Warranty shall be limited to either repairing, replacing, or adjusting, at DCI’s option, a covered DCI Product that has been determined by DCI, after reasonable inspection, to be defective during the foregoing Warranty Period. All warranty inspections, repairs and adjustments must be performed either by DCI or by a warranty claim service authorized in writing by DCI. All warranty claims must include proof of purchase, including proof of purchase date, identifying the DCI Product by serial number. 3. The Limited Warranty shall only be effective if: (i) within fourteen (14) days of receipt of the DCI Product, User mails a fully completed Product Registration Card to DCI; (ii) User makes a reasonable inspection upon first receipt of the DCI Product and immediately notifies DCI of any apparent defect; and (iii) User complies with all of the Warranty Claim Procedures described below. WHAT IS NOT COVERED This Limited Warranty excludes all damage, including damage to any DCI Product, due to: failure to follow DCI’s operator’s manual and other DCI instructions; abuse; misuse; neglect; accident; fire; flood; Acts of God; improper applications; connection to incorrect line voltages and improper power sources; use of incorrect fuses; overheating; contact with high voltages or injurious substances; use of batteries or other products or components not manufactured or supplied by DCI; or other events beyond the control of DCI. This Limited Warranty does not apply to any equipment not manufactured or supplied by DCI nor, if applicable, to any damage or loss resulting from use of any DCI Product outside the designated country of use. By accepting a DCI Product and not returning it for a refund within thirty (30) days of purchase, User agrees to the terms of this Limited Warranty, including without limitation the Limitation of Remedies and Liability described below, and agrees to carefully evaluate the suitability of the DCI Product for User’s intended use and to thoroughly read and strictly follow all instructions supplied by DCI (including any updated DCI Product information which may be obtained at the above DCI website). In no event shall this Limited Warranty cover any damage arising during shipment of the DCI Product to or from DCI. User agrees that the following will render the above Limited Warranty void: (i) alteration, removal or tampering with any serial number, identification, instructional, or sealing labels on the DCI Product, or (ii) any unauthorized disassembly, repair or modification of the DCI Product. In no event shall DCI be responsible for the cost of or any damage resulting from any changes, modifications, or repairs to the DCI Product not expressly authorized in writing by DCI, and DCI shall not be responsible for the loss of or damage to the DCI Product or any other equipment while in the possession of any service agency not authorized by DCI. DCI reserves the right to make changes in design and improvements upon DCI Products from time to time, and User understands that DCI shall have no obligation to upgrade any previously manufactured DCI Product to include any such changes. THE FOREGOING LIMITED WARRANTY IS DCI’S SOLE WARRANTY AND IS MADE IN PLACE OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY ARISING FROM COURSE OF PERFORMANCE, COURSE OF DEALING, OR USAGE OF TRADE, ALL OF WHICH ARE HEREBY DISCLAIMED AND EXCLUDED. If DCI has substantially complied with the warranty claim procedures described below, such procedures shall constitute User’s sole and exclusive remedy for breach of the Limited Warranty.

DIGITAL CONTROL INCORPORATED 48 DigiTrak F5 Operator’s Manual LIMITATION OF REMEDIES AND LIABILITY In no event shall DCI or anyone else involved in the creation, production, or delivery of the DCI Product be liable for any damages arising out of the use or inability to use the DCI Product, including but not limited to indirect, special, incidental, or consequential damages, or for any cover, loss of information, profit, revenue or use, based upon any claim by User for breach of warranty, breach of contract, negligence, strict liability, or any other legal theory, even if DCI has been advised of the possibility of such damages. In no event shall DCI’s liability exceed the amount User has paid for the DCI Product. To the extent that any applicable law does not allow the exclusion or limitation of incidental, consequential or similar damages, the foregoing limitations regarding such damages shall not apply. This Limited Warranty gives you specific legal rights, and you may also have other rights which vary from state to state. This Limited Warranty shall be governed by the laws of the State of Washington. WARRANTY CLAIM PROCEDURES 1. If you are having problems with your DCI Product, you must first contact the Authorized DCI Dealer where it was purchased. If you are unable to resolve the problem through your Authorized DCI Dealer, contact DCI’s Customer Service Department in Kent, Washington, USA at the above telephone number between 6:00 a.m. and 6:00 p.m. Pacific Time and ask to speak with a customer service representative. (The above “800” number is available for use only in the USA and Canada.) Prior to returning any DCI Product to DCI for service, you must obtain a Return Merchandise Authorization (RMA) number. Failure to obtain an RMA may result in delays or return to you of the DCI Product without repair. 2. After contacting a DCI customer service representative by telephone, the representative will attempt to assist you in troubleshooting while you are using the DCI Product during actual field operations. Please have all related equipment available together with a list of all DCI Product serial numbers. It is important that field troubleshooting be conducted because many problems do not result from a defective DCI Product, but instead are due to either operational errors or adverse conditions occurring in the User’s drilling environment. 3. If a DCI Product problem is confirmed as a result of field troubleshooting discussions with a DCI customer service representative, the representative will issue an RMA number authorizing the return of the DCI Product and will provide shipping directions. You will be responsible for all shipping costs, including any insurance. If, after receiving the DCI Product and performing diagnostic testing, DCI determines the problem is covered by the Limited Warranty, required repairs and/or adjustments will be made, and a properly functioning DCI Product will be promptly shipped to you. If the problem is not covered by the Limited Warranty, you will be informed of the reason and be provided an estimate of repair costs. If you authorize DCI to service or repair the DCI Product, the work will be promptly performed and the DCI Product will be shipped to you. You will be billed for any costs for testing, repairs and adjustments not covered by the Limited Warranty and for shipping costs. In most cases, repairs are accomplished within 1 to 2 weeks. 4. DCI has a limited supply of loaner equipment available. If loaner equipment is required by you and is available, DCI will attempt to ship loaner equipment to you by overnight delivery for your use while your equipment is being serviced by DCI. DCI will make reasonable efforts to minimize your downtime on warranty claims, limited by circumstances not within DCI’s control. If DCI provides you loaner equipment, your equipment must be received by DCI no later than the second business day after your receipt of loaner equipment. You must return the loaner equipment by overnight delivery for receipt by DCI no later than the second business day after your receipt of the repaired DCI Product. Any failure to meet these deadlines will result in a rental charge for use of the loaner equipment for each extra day the return of the loaner equipment to DCI is delayed.

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