04 April 1964

User Manual: 04-April-1964

Open the PDF directly: View PDF .
Page Count: 100

Download
Open PDF In Browser	View PDF

VOX & Push-To-Talk Circuitry.

measure
the
performance ...

Output Power - Two-tone SS B and
CW - 50 watt s at 10 meters t o
65 watts at 80 mete rs for
conserva t ively rat ed input of
90 watts DC, 130 watts P.E.P.
AM is 25 % of SSB/CW values .

3 element Pi network
variable output circuit (40 10 .80 ohms).

5 positi on swi tc h f or internal
or external VFO plu s three
crys t al cent ro! frequen cies sut tabte
f or Novic e, MAR S, CAP., etc.

Built-in antenna changeover,
VOX and break -in keyin g.

Amat eur Bands Covered - 80, 40, 20,
15 and 10 met ers . 160 meter band
positi on provid ed for use
w ith optional kit.

Complete passband coupler design
used throughout low- level st ages
provides minimum 1 MC bandwidth at
the follow ing frequen cy range s:
3.2 10 4.2 MC ; 6.9 t o 7.9 MC ;
13.8 .~0 14.8 MC ; 20.8 to 21.8 MC;
27 .0 t o 31.0 MC.

HAMMARLUND'S HX·5.:::.--::0~
••. and we are sure t hat you will agree t hat despite
the new price t ag we have had to put on t he
FABULOUS HX·50, it st ill gives you more
dolla r-for-dolla r value th an any other t ransmitter
AMATEUR NET
in t he market today! The '50 is crammed f ull of
out sta nding fea t ures to deliver th e performance you have always
wa nted -but have never been able to get in t his price range.

Now Available! 160 Met er Band Kit for only $11.00. Or, if you prefer, this plus feature can

be wired ri ght into th e unit on special order for an additiona l charge.
NOTE: The Hammarlund HX-50 is the only commercially manufactu red
Amateu r transmitter that presently provides 160 meter band capabili ty.
Don't wait. See the FABULOUS '50 at your authorized Hammarlund
Distributor-or send for complete technical data on the transmitter that is
still "THE BEST BUY IN ITS CLASS."

HAMMARlUND Manufacturing Company
A Giannini Scientific Company

53 West 23rd Street, N. Y. 10, N. Y.

AMATEUR RADi O EQUIPMENT · COMM ERCIAL COMMUNICATIO NS EQUIPM ENT . THE OUTE RCOM 2·WAY RA DIO
VARIABLE AIR CAPACITORS . SU PERVISORY REMOTE CON TROL SYSTEMS

l o s Ang e les S ix Meter Repeater

73

. . . .

. K6VWM ...

6

1ll0V .

14

1296 me RF Pre-amp .

Magazine
Wayne G reen W2NSD/ I
Editor, etcetera

Our Man

•
In

Wash ington

. .... W 2DUD

Und er the Noise ..

18

. ... W2NSD /I

20

W 8GTT

24

The Hallierafter' s SR-160

.... W2EMF .

An Armstrong Sweeper

26

Ap r il , 19 64
The Man-key

Va l. X V I I I, N o . )

..... WA60HD

.. . W5WGF . . . ..

IF Spotte r

•• • •
O
s ••

IDOO OO Nl;O ln

.. .,"" '00> anN ~

N

~
~

28

34

Th e Naughty Pi-Net

K5JKX . . . . . .

38

60 Watts on 75 ...

VE l IC .

42

Pushbutton Control

K5JIC

48

. . . K5JKX

52

•
°

~

o

~

•o

Waveguide Simplified

o

°
.. K5FU P. . .

New O ne s from Old Ones

. .. K5JKX

60

What Every Amateur Should Know ..... W2DUD

72

Th e Vertica l J . . .

82

Voltage Regulotion .....
m

....

73 .M a ga z ine is published monthly
by 73, Inc., Peterboroug h, N . H .
T he phone nu mber is 603·924·38 73.
S ub scri ption rates h ave just been
h ik ed ( after considerable warn ing) to
$4.00 per yea r, $ 7.00 for t wo years.
$10 fo r three years world wid e.
Second class postage is paid a t
P eterborough, New H a mp shire a nd
a t additional mailin g offices. Printed
in the U .S. A. Entire cont ents copyright 1964 by 73, I n c. Postmaster :
please send fo rm 3579 to 73 Maga.
zinc, P et erborough, N ew Hampshire.
A PRI L 1964

•

58

K5JKX .

Propagation Forecast

L ett ers

..... Ne lson

96

..... 16, 80, 8 "

Tra cer

.

23

X ew Pro d uc ts ...... ...... _ _3 1
A rmed Forces D a y

,

51

I

-

de
W2NSD!1
never say di e

My editorial last month nudged enough
skeletons so that I knew we'd have to have al l
an swer of some sort from the AHHL. Sure
eno ugh. Affili at ed clubs received a letter from
Huntoon claiming that the Geneva ad ministrative conference positively will not be held
in 1965. Though this is contrary to th e reports
I've had on a confident ial note from Stat e
alerting other agen cies to b e prepared for th e
possibility that an ad ministrative conference
might be added to the pl enipotentiary conference in 1965 since all of th e delegat es will
be on hand anyway. T he lat er the administrative conference the better for us . . . I hope
they turn out to be right. I, frankl y, feel that
we should expect th e worst and work hard to
be as ready as possible. If we have more time
then we are just th at much ah ead.
Hunty reassured us a ll th at Hoover will
remain president of the League. I think I can
speak for all ARRL members in commending
Herb for sticking to the ship in time of storm.
\Ve were all dismayed to read in th e March
issue of QST that membership in the ARRL
d ropped off last year . . . possibly for the
first time in history except for war time. W e'll
all be watching very carefully to see if things
are straightened out enough this year so the
thousands who h ave threaten ed to drop ou t
of the ARRL cha nge their minds.
The letter also claimed that it would be
months before th e F CC would give any answer
on RM-499. \ Vell, one way to handle a hot
potato is to let it cool off first . I hope that we
will see something soon , before ham radio is
furt her pulled apart by this ill-considered
action. I thi nk th at the Leagu e should exert
their influ ence to help speed up th is action,
not slow it down.
T he revolu tion brough t on b y the incentive
licensi ng hassle was felt in some areas of the
country during the last ARRL elections when
Tom Moss W4HYW and Phil Spencer W 5LDII

z

won the elections in the Southwestern nnd
Delta Divisions, I'd like to see some more
fellows on th e AHHL Board of Directors with
some gump tion . . . it is just possible that
some d ynamic lead ership could get the
League going again and eventually have it
resume representation of the amateurs.
This fall the League will hold elections in the
Central, Hudson, New England, Northwestern,
Roanoke, Rocky Mountain, Southwestern and
\Vest Gulf Divisions. If you meet the qualifica tions to run for Director and you are willing
to put up a fight to get ham radio back in
shape why not seriously consider running. I
hope th at this year we will be able to devote
considerable space in 73 to the qualifications
of the aspirants to D irectorship so members
won't have to make their decision on the
basis of a short and perh aps hopelessly b iased
biography which comes with the ballot.
T o qualify under the p resent ru les you mu st
have been a League member continuously for
at least four years (with not even a one day
lapse in membership ) and you must not be in
the radio industry. All yo u have to d o to ru n
is get the signatures of ten League members on
your petition and then visit as many clubs in
your d ivision as you can to round up vo tes .
I h ave a few other h int s which some of the
past directors claim are sure fire for election,
As far as I kn ow none of them th at kn ew the
formula ever lost an election.
The petitions for nomination don't have to
be in until September, so you have lots of time
to t alk th is over on the air and at club
meetings and get some fellows interested w ho
can get in the re and straighten things out.
I'm interested ill hearin g from an yon e who
wants to give this a try.
Catalogs A re Free
Though I haven't mentioned it recently,
advertising is still the life-blood of magazines.
73 MACAZINE

SINGLE
SIDEBAND
FILTERS
•
•

9 me c enter frequ enc y
Bandpass 6 db 3 kc (approxi mate )
ACF-2 Two-cryst al f ilter c i rc ui t
u sin g low impedan ce l ink i npu t
and 2K resistive ou t pu t load .
Unwanted si de b a n d r e j ecti on
greater than 30 db.
$9.95
ACF-4 Four-cryst al f ilt er ci rcui t u sing nom inal 600 ohm
i npu t and outpu t. Unwanted
si deb an d rejection greater than

40 db.

$18.95

ACF ~6

Si x-c ryst al f ilte r c ircui t u si ng nomina l 600
ohm input and output. Unwant ed side ban d reject ion
grea ter than 55 db.
$27.95
MATCHING OSCILLATOR CRYSTALS for t he ACF
fil t er ser ies. Rec om m ended f or u se i n 0 5 -4 osci llator.

CY·6·9LO $4.40
CY·6·9HI $4.40
0 $ ·4

Crystal Oscillator

$6.95

SE-6F Mount in g Case
Spec ial Aoe c ase for mount ing f i lter pla tes.

$5.50
• Ad d-On-Ci rcui t

Internat io nal Cryst al Mfg. Co., Inc.
18 North Lee, Ok lahoma Ci t y, Oklahoma
Please rush 1964 cata lo g.
Name

Address
City

APRI L 1964

-::;"""""=
"""'= = cP L E AS E PR INT

_
_

Zone.Lc.State

3

,

-

STRENGTH
THREE REASONS WHY
YOUR BEST BUY IS•••

E-Z WAY

Sot,MttI;'60
E-Z

WAY

11

AERO-DYNAMIC

des ign dec rease s w i d l o a d
an d . provi d es
t e le s c o p i n g
a cti on th o t perm its ta is lng
a nd lo w e rin g of tow e r sec tions.

CRANK UP TO 60 FEET.
DOWN TO 25 FEET an d
TIL T5 OVER FO R ACC E55
TO ROTOR DR BE AM.
TRENGTH
s
built-in to
e "e ry E-Z Way T ower ••• Heov y
w a l l st eel
bing legs , conti n!l'o us d i9 9 0 n o ] bracing o f

so lfd stee f rod ond e le e tr te ,
call)'! weJ~ e d thr ou g h o ut. . . . no

loose bo lts or nuts here.

E-Z

Way
e ig n a nd s t re ng th ore
yo u r assu rance o f DEPEND.

ABIL IT Y thot you can co un t
on year a fter y ec r , See y ou r
nearest dis t ri bu tor toda y or
w rite f or free literature .

The SATEllITE
Model RBX·60-3P ( Pa inted)
$ 335.00
Model RBX-60- 3G (Galva nized) $4 10.00
MOUNTING KITS:
GP K X60· 3 (Ground Post)
BAK X (Wa ll Brocket)

$ 125.00
$ 17.00

fre llM Prepaid anywhere In (48) U. S. A.

Other Towers from $99.50 to $1995.00

/ '

:;,-.......:..
'

P. O. BOX 5767

•

This means that whenever you write to au
advertiser and mention that his ad in 73
brought you to him that we will be ab le to
run just that many more pages in future issues
of 73.
Though advertiser after advertiser tells me
that 73 is the best pulling magazine of all for
direct sales and for the sale of new equipment,
we seem to lose out every now and then on
cata log distri bution . F ellows, how can yon
get along without some of the basic catalogs?
I have several that I keep right at hand all
the tim e . . . I wouldn't be without 'em. If
you'll just send for a few ca talogs and p erhaps
get a few fellows you talk to on th e air to send
in too , we will he in good shape.
How can you be without the Allied catalog?
It's the largest in the business. \Vrite Allied
Radio, Department 73, 100 x , Western .
Chicago 80, lIIinois. Just a QSL card will d o
it fellows.
Next you'll want to get the Lafayette
ca ta log. Lafayette not only has a whole line
of ham gear, but they import terrific little
gadgets from Japan th at you can't get elsewhere. I order stuff from them every d ay.
Lafayette Badin, Departm ent 73e l, Syossett ,
L. I. N. Y.
\ Vhile you're cataloging drop a card to
Heath, Dept. 11-1-1, Benton Harbor, Michlgan . Heath has so mu ch new stuff th at it is
hard to keep up. I'm still kicking mystcIf for
letti ng some of their past equipment be discontinued before I latched onto it.
Anoth er dandy catalog is the one from
Interna tional Crystal, Dept. 73, 18 North Lee,
Oklahoma City. Oklahoma.
Leo, out th ere in Iowa, has a fin e ham
catalog. \ Vrite \Vorld Radio Labs, 3415 W est
Broadway, Counc il Bluffs, Iowa. Tell Leo that
73 sent you .
T exas Crystals will be upset if you don't
get one of their new catalogs ... you will be
too, wh en you fin d what you've missed. w ell
worth the effort. Texas Crystals, Dept. 73-4,
1000 Crystal D rive, F ort Mver, Florid a.
Not only will this mak e all these companies
happy, but you will get just th at much more
mail.

More Help
Be tween the extra work brou ght on by the
Institute of Amateu r Radio and th e loss of
fou r staffers due to d raft board handiwork we
are still looking for fellows to come up here
and work with LI S. \Ve d on't need experience
as much as intelligence and versa tility. Fel-

TAMPA 5. FLORIDA

I T um to page 881
73 MACAZ I NE

SSE powerful, peak

er ormance pair
SB·33 /SBl·LA •. . diminutive duo . . . tour-band (80-40·20·15) SSB
transceiver / exciter and hi gh power linear amp lifier. Bright, stateof-the-art version of a full thumping kil owatt ... entirely self

contained, including all power supplies ... in two tiny cabinets!

5B·33
TRANSCEIVER

389.50
SBHA LINEAR
AM PLI FI ER

279.50
Please send full informati on on SBI-LA
linear and SB·33 Transceiver .

See th ese best buys at you r SBE distributor-compare them fully
with anyth ing else ava ilable, f eature-wise, price-wi se. (Re membering that S8-33 has 4-ban ds- pa nel selectable si debandsCollins Mechanica l Fltter-c-hu ilt-ln 117V AC power supply and
lou dspeak er, is 5","H, In, "W, 10;<"0, wei ghs 15 pounds.

NAME

NUMBER

STREE T
ZONE

CITY

{S S

STATE

E / SIDEBAND ENGINEERS

3 17 Roeblin( Rd. So. San Franci sco, Calif.
An operati on of Webster Manufa cturing
Export sales:

APRIL 1964

The only "extras" needed are microphone . . . antenna ... two
lineal feet of moun ting space . . . and a strong desire for a cleancut big signal. And when you look at the photograph above, (the
664 dynamic do es look bi g in comparison to the linear amp lifier
beh ind it) consider that the 58-33 transceiver on the right also
includes an outstan ding rece iver capable of so lid-copy reception
of the OX that is bound to be stirred up by the KW signal from
yo ur powerful pai r.
Aside from the use 01 advanced solid-state circui try and techniques, there are at least 37 other goo d reason s why 5B-33 can
be so small and stil l deliver in such a convincing manner18 transistors, 18 diode s and 1 zener diode! (The heavy-duty
work is done by two rugged PL·500 beam tetrodes and a 120Q7
driver). The SBI ·LA linear uses 6-6JE6's10r 1000 watts·P.E.P.
on 80-40-20 and 750 watts P.E.P. on 15, ach ieves its small size
in part by careful de sign and by the use of an all-solid-state
vol tage-multip lying power supply.

NEW

Model SB2·0CP
OC to AC INVERTER
for SB·33 (oni y)
Quiet . . _entirely
solid-state.

Rayth eon Company. Int ernati onal Sa les & Services. lex ington 73, Massachusetts , U.S.A.

5

The
Los Angeles

Repeater

Six Meter
The author and the re peater. Panels, top to
bottom : I ) PreseJective LC tuned filt er 2)
Six meter receiver 3) Aud io panel 4 1 Tope
deck 5) Modul ator 6) 220 me cont rol rece iver 7) Con trol pone l 8 ) Six m eter T ra nsmitter

Dougl as Sherman K6VWM
5438 4 th Avenue
Los Ange les 4 3, Cal ifornia

In D ecember of 19,59, within the confi ning
walls of Los Angeles C ity College, a momentous
d ecision was reached, a decision that was d estined to shake the very foundations of amateur radio. A brilliant young physicist ( me )
and an aspiring you ng engineer ( the other
guy) decid ed to provide a service for the
amateurs in Southern Californ ia that was heretofore unheard of, and indeed unthought of,
throughout the history of mankind! And all this
with no ulterior motive, ( much ) !!
Actuall y, upon closer examination, it wasn't
really unheard of, or even unthought of, and
it didn't shake th e foundations of amateur
radio, but it is a service, and it is offered ( toll
free ) to all amateurs on the six-meter b and in
Southern Californ ia. It's called "T he Los
Angeles Six-Meter Repeater."
One of the fundamental differences between
radio waves of high frequency ( H F ) and
those of very higli frequency (V II I') is that
the very high frequency waves are not su fficiently affected by the earth's atmosp here to
cau se them to display the property known as
"skip ." Both HF and VHF radio waves emanate from the antenna in straight lines, but
where the HF waves are return ed from the ion-

•

osphere, the VHF waves continue on out into
the blue. Therefore, tli e only VIII' waves tli at
are useful for communication are the ones
that travel along the ground .
Unfortunately, we now run into a very bad
design error: The earth is round! To a VHF
man, this is very sad news ind eed , but nevertheless it is tru e. Now, the earth being round
wouldn't he so bad if VHF rad io waves either

I

r

"
F IGU RE

I

R = Radius of co mm uncia tion = 300 to
500 miles
r = Radius of comm un ica t ion = 30 to 50
m iles
73 MAGAZINE

t raveled in circles or would always corne back
from the ionosphere. but al as, they don't. As
a result of the straight VHF waves a nd th e
round , round world, one can talk, und er normal cond itions, only a distance of 30 to 50
miles. A nasty trick of nature indeed, and one
that had to be reckoned with.
Now it is common knowledge that VHF
amateurs are a minority group and a s such
a re discriminated agains t because hilltop housing is not available to them. H owever. consider
the possibility of a VHF amateur on the top of
a tall mountain. Not only h e, but his transmitter can see much farther than any of hi s
ground-bound counterparts. See Fig. 1. Unfortunately, not all am ateurs can live on the
tops of mountain s. Therefore they must be
satisfied with the meager range that they call
cover from their location s.
Being firm beli evers in the eq uality of man ,
and th at ground-bound amateurs are just a
little more equal than the rest a nd deserve
something extra , we placed a six-meter receiver, a six-meter transmitter. a tape deck
fo r id entification, and other circuits that a re
p eculiar to repeater operation, on the top of a
mountain. And presto, we had a repeater!
Actually that "presto" is quite mi sleading. W ell
over 4000 combined m an-hours of concentrated work during the m onths of june, july,
An gust, and September of 1960 w ere spent
designing, building, redesigning, and rebuilding until «it" w orked .
A repeater is essent ially an instrument that
sits on the top of a moun tain , listens on some
freq uency in an amateur band and simultaneously transmits, on a d ifferent frequency,
everything that it h ears. It effect ively puts
every amateur using it on top of the mountain.
T he Los Angeles Six-M eter Repeater receives
on a freq uency of 50.55 megacycles. transmits
a 25 watt signal on a frequency of 51. 10 m egacycles and is controlled on the 220 megacycle band. The repeater has excellent coverage
over most of Southern California. It has b een
copied by an aeronautical m obile over Phoenix,
Arizona. T he signal there was S9 at heights
over 100 feet and even tually dropped into the
noise at abou t 50 feet above the ground . The
signal has been reported as 59 + along the
beach in San Diego, Califor nia, and it is e asily
copyable mobile in d owntown San Diego. The
repeater provides excellen t coverage of the
San F ern ando Valley b ut u nfortunately it does
no t p rovide coverage north of the range of
mountains separating the San Joaqu in Valley
from Southern Californ ia. \Ve also have trouble
getting into the resort town of Palm Springs,
C alifornia. The repeater is copyable there ,
APRIL 1964

but it is only about S 1. Apparently some of the
signal is bounced off the side of 11t. San Corgonio and down into Palm Springs behind M t.
San Jacinto. W e have never been able to successfully ropy the only six-meter stat ion in
Palm Sprin gs. All in all though, th e repea ter
solid ly covers an area in excess of 250.000
sq ua re miles.
The repeater is built around a modified
Motorola SOD receiver and transmitter. This
Motorola mobile unit was once p art of the
Montana Highwa y Patrol and was purchased
indirectly from the Motorola \Varehouse in
Burlingame, California . The 220 megacycle
control receiver is a modified Motorola 5 V,
which used to be mounted on a police motorcycle. The 220 megacycle transmitter is homeb rew and can be found in the ARRL Radio
Amateu r s Handbook. The tape d eck is homebrew, but utilizes Concertone hardware and
8 IBM recording heads. The tape deck accommod ates one inch w ide tape, upon wh ich there
are 8 possible recording tracks m at ching the
8 IB~I recording heads. On one of the tracks
one finds voice identification; ,M e ' \' id entification is on a nother track. There a re 6 t racks left

IlHH

7

Six meter cOmmunica tor

for experimentation, special seasonal messages,
etc. The tape is in th e fonn of a loop and is
automatical ly cycled once every fi ve minutes
w hen the repeater is in operation. It has been
found that ~I C\V iden tification is far superior
to the voice method. \ \'it h M e\\' identification,
the weakest stat ions can h e copied but the
voice identification blanks out even the strongest stations. T he iden tification was made very
strong because it was found that the F CC is
very sensitive about weak identification in repeat er applications.
III repeater operation, th e tran smitter remains on the air whether or not anyone is on
the input channel. (There is one exception to
this th at will be d iscussed later.} It is sometimes d ifficult to tell w hen an ama teur removes
his ca rrier from the input cha nnel because the
noise level at the repeater is always very low.
To facilitate the realization of this and provide
a guarantee of break-in capability, a 2 second
delayed beep tone circuit was built uud in stalled. This circuit wa its for two seconds afte r
a carrier has been removed from the input
channel, and then puts a 600 cycle sawtooth
wave on the ou tput of the repeater transmitter.
This serves as a signal th at a carrier h as just
left the input channel and that th e repeater is
clear for another transmission. The two seconds
of silence enables any break-in stations to
identify
, and make their desires known. AU
stations using the repeater are requested to
wa it for the beep tone before each of their
tran smissions. The break-in stations do not
wait for the beep tone bu t corne in before it
comes on . Because of this break-in capability.
many emergencies have been given immediate
att ention and several lives have undoubtedly
been saved.

•

The repea ter was fi rst put into service at
about 8: 00 pm 011 December 25, 1960. That
was a night that will long be rem embered .
For two weeks previous to that date, the repeater sat in a garage and rail 2-1 hours a day
loaded int o a llghtbulh witho ut any failu res.
Then it was installed ill th e Bald win Hills and
manually p ut into operation. It was functioning
perfect ly. \\'e came back down the hill to the
control point and decided to put it through the
acid test of remote control. T he necessary 220
megacycle information was sent nnd it obeyed
perfectly; or so it seemed, at least it wen t oil'
the air. Next the information to tu m it hack
on was sent and . .. noth ing! Again, and .
nothing! T hus the first of many hundreds of
service trips b egan . The repeater had had its
first d ramatic conv ulsion. Half of th e repeater
was off. the other was on, the identification
tape was going round and round and there
were blown fuses all over the place. Nothing
serious, just dramatic. Understandable, bein g
its first night away from home and all th at.
I nitiall y, due to the need of minor adjustrncnts and minor failures, we were making
two and three t rips a d ay up to see the thin g.
After ap proximately six months of very tender
loving care, the depend ability was up to the
point where "it" was demand ing visits once
everv
, two or three weeks. The reason for the
excessive care during the early months of its
life is th at each repeate r is a prototype and

I

220mc a ntenna
73 M AGAZINE

•
1111

" "'''1. "llt
l Ut

:I'l l(,
U .

c·
Ii " '"

.,

' W lltl

11'111

,,

'" 1':

.'"

•

I . ' 11 '

(>

.-.,.

Iftl I II

m ltTOt

II

' " Ul

r;

C. 1< 1

The Clegg Venus is 0 high qua lity, compoct, a tt ractively st yled SSB rec eive r and trans mitter t hat puts you on 50 me single
s id cbo nd witho ut all t he fu ss, bother a nd e xpense associated with adopt ing low frequ ency SSB excite". c rysta l con t rolled
converters, rc lo yl" lin car amplifiers, e tc.
Employing all th e latest circuit t echniqu es, th e Venus, in one sma ll package, prov ides 0 combination of advanced ope ra ting
features and conveni ences heretofore unavailable in rigs at ony price . Some of th e outstanding features of the VENUS
incl ude a nuvistorized high sensit ivity , low . noise front end ; crystal lattice filt er in both receive and tronsmit positions; == l.5kc
rece iver offset tuning ; braad band circuits throughout providing maximum simplici t y and eas e of tune-up; and a se pa ra te
front panel co ntrol for smoa t h injection of carrier for excelle nt q ua lity AM and ad justable CW output.
ELECTRICAL SPEC IFICATIONS
TRANSMIT: Freq uency Range: 49,975 to 50,475 KC, sta ndard l ot he r ranges avai lable on specia l order) . Power
Ratings: 8S watts PEP input-o ll mod es l AM, SSB, and CW I. SSB Perfo rma nce : 19 MC lattice fllt ert . Unwo nted
sideband down more than SO db at 1000 cycles. Carrier suppression g reater t ha n 56 db . Distortion products
down more than 30 db at full rati ngs. Freque ncy Stability : Less t han SOO cycl e warmup dri ft after first five
minutes. Less t ho n 100 cycles/ hour drift after wa rmup .
RECEIVE : Freq uen cy Ra ng e : Some as TRANSM IT. Freq uency Stability; Sa me as TRANSMIT. Sens it ivity: .2S p. V for
6 db SI N on AM. •1 /J. V tor 6 db SIN on SS B. Selectivi ty : 2.' KC at 6 db, less t ha n 6 KC at 50 db . Spu rious Re·
soonses: Images and IF leok t hrough do wn more t hon 60 db . Ove rload Charac terist ics: Less than 5% cross mcd ula tion results from a ny two sig na ls se pa ra ted by more than 20 KC if stronge r sig na l is less than 2 MV across
SO ohm input. AVC chcrccrensrtcs: Less t han 10 , db cha nge in AF out put for input c ha nge from I p.V t o 400 /J. V
452 d bl. Fast attock, pan el se lec ta ble release times of . 15 or 1.2 se::onds . AF Power Ou tpu t to Speaker : More
t han 2 watts at 3.2 ohms. Physical : I S" wide x T" high x 10 lh " deep. Weight a pproxima te ly 22 Ibs.
Interested In HF ? See t he Squ ires. San ders SS-I R a t your nea rest dis tributo r.
VE NUS 6 TRANSC EIVER -Amateu r Ne t Pr ice

. . .. . . • . . . ....... . . . . . . . . ....... . . . . . . . . . . . • . $495.00

11 5 V, A.C 60 CPS Pow e r Supp ly -Amat eur Net Pr ice .• . . . . .. .. . .... . . . . . . .. .... ...... .. . $ 1 10 .0 0

See your Distributor or write for in format ion.

LABORATOR I ES
DlvlsioIl of SQ uirf"s ·HnnclerH, In c .

I

222 RT. 53, MT. TABOR, N. J.
TELEPHONE B27-6800

•

/

Author's home and cont rol sta t ion, I to r :
I ) Automat ic Combinat ion and Peri odic
Informat ion Un it 2) 2 2 0mc transmitter 3)
Six m eter transmitting a n tenna

the one im portant thing that cannot be designed into it is rel iabilit y. This was th e rea son
for the Baldwin Hills location, all of 400 tremendous feet above sea level. As a repeater
location it was worthless but as a service locatio n it was excellent, bein g only a co uple of
miles away fr om home.
Initially, there was a lot of trouble with the
six-meter receiver. It was b adly d esensitized
when operated in the presence of the transmitter. \Vhen the transmitter was modulat ed
over 30% the receiver would literally go out of
its mind. Such noises you have never heard;
it was unnervin g. To solve the problem, selectivity was needed before the signal ever got
to th e front end of the receiver. For selectivity,
a tuned cavity, or tuned LC filter was needed.
The commercial Motorola tuned cavity for the
8 00 receiver costs app roximately $500.00.
Conseq uently, an L C tuned filter was d esigned
and built. It didn't completely solve the problem, but things are must better. At least the
hideous howls that p roceeded from the mouth
of the repeater are now foreve r sq uelched. 'Ve
arc currently mod ulat ing 120% with negative
peak clipping.
T he repeater, in operation, fu nctions in the
following manner: when there is a carrier on
50 .55 megacycles, the repeater \\;11 simultaneously transmit on 5 l. 10 megacycles any and
all information that it hears. \Vhen the carrier
leaves the input channel, there is approximately a two second period of silence follo wed by a
beep tone. This silence enables break-in station s to be heard easily and also acts as insurance that, in the event of an emergency, the
station in distress will be heard and will not be
covered up by the next transmission. Also, if
the repeater is not used for a p eriod of two
minutes, the tran smitter is put in a sta nd by
position . It can be put back on the air b y merely placing a signal on the input freq uency,
5 0.55 megacycl es.
T he repeater will soon be performing an ad'0

ditional service. A unit is now being design ed
which I am calling a " D. C. Digital Voltmeter
with Audio Readout: ' A more revealing name
might be a "Signal Report Generator." When
completed, th is unit will enable any amateur on
th e input freq uency to ask the repea ter what
his signal strength is, h is presence on the repeater co nstituting the asking of the question,
and when he goes off the air, he will get a
series of audio frequency beeps different in
frequency from the beep which follows th e two
second delay after every transmi ssion . E ach
beep will indicate 3 db of signal above th e noise
level at the repeater location. Every two b eeps
then will indi cate 1 S unit. The repeater is most
useful in mobile work because it is st rong
enough to blank out all ignition noise and make
mobile armcha ir copy possible over previou sly
unheard of distances.
The outward operation of all repeaters is, in
general, quit e similar. It is the method of co ntrol that varies from one repeater to another. It
is felt that the con trol described below is no t
only un ique, but absolutely unbreakable! As
vou will see, it is a totallv new and unique
~ethcx:l of remotely controlling a tran smitter.
Before we could decide on what was w anted
in terms of control, we had to find out how
other repeaters were b eing controlled. The only
other repeater in Southem California providing
a similar service at that time was the twometer repeater, K6MYK . It is remotely controlled by a series of tones, kept on the air by
means of continuous carrier on the 420 m egacycle b and , and there are beams at both ends
of the link. Although there is nothing really
wrong with this type of co ntrol, it em bodied
everything that w e w anted to get away from.
We wanted to see if we could n't a rrive at
something th at was completely breakproof and

"V

"-

....... " ,,,.

'f

no N<. R"".

c""'....,,_

now<.

T<.....

I

I
I

""'"0....

:" ",
l~""

.. 11'·...

I

'.n~m

,;."",.,Comh
,,'

,~,. :, I
,...
""l""~"'"
"U'oo Or _ !nI'
L """..

........

"'",
.;,."",

.-c_>

C"~

h '.. rn.>.I

".~

F IGUR E

2
73 MAGAZINE

yet un comp licated.
\ Vha t was wanted was a method th at would
meet the followin g requirements: ( I) omn idirectional a ntenna systems at both ends of
th e link, ( 2) no tones or modulation of any
kind on the control ca rrier, (3) control information constantly changi ng in a n observationally unp redictable mann er, ( 4) no id enti fication of control carrier, (5) absolute frequency
secrecy, (6) no cont inuous carr ier control
(ident ification would be necessa ry ) . Fulfilling
all the above req uirements wou ld constitute an
absolute, unbreakable control th at is in fact
quite versa tile. Impossible to do? Almost! To
help solve th e problem, we called upon one of
our good friends and former instructors , Mr.
F red C ruenberger, a computer expert at the
HA:\' D Corp , in Santa Monica, Califom ia. \Vith
his help , the sys tem of control that is in use
tod ay was d eveloped and found to meet every
requirement!
In order to keep the control breakp roof, the
actual specifics of the control operat ion will be
very lightly covered, but the general principle
of operation will be covered in detail. A brief
d escription of each block on the d iagram in
F ig. 2 will be followed by a more comprehensive description of the cont rol opera tion .
( I ) 220 Megacycle Receiver: Freque ncy- crysta l controlled and ultra top secret, app roxim at ely 2 Kc bandwidth, 24 hour operat ion . ( 2)
Ran dom Combination Generator : Every time
the repeate r is turned on or off, this unit gencrates a new set of infonnati on needed to tum it
off or on th e next time, and stores th is information in Internal Memory.
(3) Internal Memory . A memory un it for th e
purpose of storing the information given it b y
the Random Comb ina t ion Genera tor. This
memory cannot b e affected in any way by the
con trol information th at comes over the 220
megacycle channel. The sale d etermin ate of its
contents is the Random Combi na tion Generator.
( 4) External Memory: A memory unit for
the pU Jl>ose of storing the information given
it by' the 220 megacycle receiver. T his memory can he parti ally filled , Fully filled, or
cleared by pulses of 220 megacycle carrier
of varying duration.
(5 ) Continue Service Memory: T his is a sm all
memory un it that serves as a control ch annel
failure indicator. If there is a con trol cha nnel
failu re either at the repeater or at the 220
megacycle transmitter, this memory unit
ca uses th e repeater to h e shu t d own , a nd also
activates the Rand om Comb ina tion Generator
unit so th at a new "set" of information will be
required to turn th e repeater back on after the
APRIL 1964

VERY
HIGH
PER

FOR

MANCE

COMMUNICATION ANTENNAS
BEAMS

Hivll Forwud G. in
1"9~. lio_.'oht
d ,_I ~,lot ....... - . IN
_ ; nu'"
t\N ..ko<>", S·. . . .

'.1$
9 .9S
7.7$

1.",."'.

6 METER 'U. M~, f ull. i•• , "'id• • p.. c.d. b<><>",. 1 'I," ....d , y, " di a",.'., . •
14" d''''''.'.' " Iu",i" u'" ' ubin, . Reddi M" 'd.1 SO.3--5
,. 6 "'.'.', b<><>", 6'
$ 13.9 5
M<>d.' ...

COL I N EAR S I fo .d lend
Ideal ......_
VHf ....'
baIc>M • • IM, h _ . ~

,i",_

Iea...

~

( 01t "9~

I'oh,...;, h'. . .."""'cal
SWI. _

. _

_

..

Of . ad ............ d "", . <.. ptvo . " . _ .
""","I 0..1 16--2 _ _ , 16 . Ie_". <0'000<0<. ••••.••••• . • • • • • .. • •• $ 16 .00
_
Cl-2 16--1 V. Met , 16 . ._
<_
12.1S
Model Cl·~ I 6--" _
16
_
<0'000<0<. • • • . . • • . . . . . . . • . . . . .
91S
Madel n ·MS UN """"
.tub
300 ....... 16 ........,
_ _ '" 200. 52. Of n
1_
- . ••••. . .... . . . . .... ..••
. .7$

_< ,

TWIST

Anot her (usll("lt

_<"".
tio" pai.., ,a poin ' 0' b" •• ,a flicol ..obil. ,,"t
I . ddi
Motch d" ••n .I. ...en l. la' d i,..1 S2 .. ~ ... Iu d . Cut '" ' , . q...."c y "'it~ i" 130 10 150
Mc. ,a"g•.
M<>. "' I H- 20 T 5i..gl. 20 .I.",enl TWiST •••. .•••• . . .. .. . . . .. $2 ~ .9S

BIG WHEELS &. HALOS

q?

w"", i ft

The o_.~ a;,
bond. ....... id i...'ianoI
.... '" <_. iol fH
W·U~ 5.iwg1e 2 _100 - .t
$10.1$
MovIoo 'lli . _
Wheel
_
' .1$
2 Joy _kin<;ll(;o.""";lable
3.95
~ Joy
l(ik .......... bIe •• ••••••••• ••••••• . .•• ••• •••• •••••

_ k""

11.7'

/flOIllf H LOS , ............'" <..... t........; """,lINd .....d_. ; ledd; _ h
Of 72
d;,ect Red. 2 _
. DuoI _
0-0 botod. _
' 2 ...... lHd _ .
_ _ .2_
2 _
, ",ith __' .•••••••• ....••••••.• . •... .. .•
- . . _ .22_2
.,d ed C~ • • • . . . . . . • . . • . . . . . . . . . . . .
- . . _ .6#4--6 ,••• ""th _II. . . . . • • • • • . • . . . . . . . . • • • • • • ... .
Model _ -26---6 """ 2 d....l l>olo. "'ittl ......, .••.••••..... ...•••••••

.... 52
$1 .70
14 ,9'
U .S(!

17 .45

NEW ZIPPER PORTABLE BEAMS
" ith

W
,",

M~I~u
ftut <..".',I>

- /
•

I't ji
Your k ey to future success in electronics is a F irst-Class
F C C License. I t will permit you to operate and maintain
tra nsmitting equ ipment used in a viation, broadcasting,
mari ne. microwave. mobile com mu nicat ions, or C itizensBand . C leveland I nst it ute home study is t he ideal way
to get y our F C C License. Here' s why :
O ur t raining programs will quickly prepare y ou for
a F irst-Cl ass Commercial Rad io Telephone Lice nse
with a Radar E ndorsement. S hould you fai l to pass
the F C C examination after completing your course,
you will get a [ull refund of all tuition payments. You
get a n F C C L icense ... or your money back!
Y ou owe it to yourself, your family , you r futu re to get
the complete details on ou r " proven effec t ive" C leveland I nst it u te h ome st udy. Just send the co upon below
TODAY. There's no obligat ion .

Tracer
Cheap and hand y adjuncts to preliminarv
signal tracing are the two-transistor-one-dioclc
rr flex broad cast receivers available for as low
:l ) S3.95.
The reflex circuit responds to bo th aud io and
radio frequencies, and to convert to signal
tracing all you n eed do is remove the antenna
loopstick and substitute for its secondary an
r.f. choke with sufficient inductan ce to be
effective at the intermediate frequency of your
receiver. Connect a shielded probe in series
with a blocking capacitor to the transistor base
end of the r.f. choke. These receivers have
surprising gain and in measu ring at substantial levels, tracin g aud io, or to avoid load ing
a circu it it would he advisable to ad d a series
res istor t o the probe. I expected the front
transistor to perish from careless exposure to
voltage peaks, but a year later it's still able
and w illing.

, , \V7IDF
APRIL 1964

r

MAIL COUPON TODAY F=OR F=REE CATALOG

Cl evel and Institut e of Electron ic s

H

17.6 E . inn St .• O"Pt. 8T-1i
Cleveland 14. Oh io

to SUcceed
in Electronics
OW

I,' H E~:

PI.." ""
nn
C" ......r I n fo rm a _
l ion p pared to h..Jp me 11:"1 a h...ad in
E lectmnictt, wi t hou tfurt heruhli,;ation.
C HEC K AR t :A O F !'>fO S T
I ~ T E R EST -

,

0
0
0

EI""trnn a T ....h nolOl:y
Ind u8Uia J .:l.... t ronictt
IJroadcut

~: nlli.,....riRIt

0
0
0

L J ~"' l.A J J '~
V"'Y'\I ' . yO' V'vVfX:(

F

F ,rst ·C la .

F C C L IC'@" -

E I"" tmn;" Commu nicatio ...

o,h.,

Yo"," p'e'@nlo20 1(

~

N~51

..

125 ·0· 125

-

~

220

, ~ v g.c

-

-!-~Oml
250 \l

T

T

'

.W

20m!
50".

-

3 .2 K

2' OK

OB2
-

"
•

63VA C, 01 5 A. TO

6 AK6

' , 4, r

6.0. 1< 6 FIUME NT

",

'00 '

'1 .005

I~OOK

HE -2

l-T~ )

*"

f'
~

",

•

.

rl
'0,

'8

'0' IH -

• --- •
------.
,
,

1

II

~

' 00 -

o

T O TRA NSW T TER

KEY JACK

5 0 0 .....

"='

",
V

'"

SPE A KER

T

hllCROPHOI'IE
J AC K

-

73 MAGAZ INE

GUARANTEED!

.•

\
o

.............~

C
o to""
I

.

..

THE BARKER & WILLIAMSON MODEL 6100 TRANSMITIER
IS SO FAR AHEAD OF OUR TIME IN DESIGN, PRINCIPLES
AND ENGINEERING, THAT WE CAN OFFER A GUARAN·
TEED LIST OF FEATURES • .•

Barker & W illiamson Guarantees that 1:K) other
Amateur Transmitter on the Market today offers
ALL these f eatures:
• Crystal controlled synthesizer, frequency continuously veriable· No Iree-runnlnq oscillators • Direct frequency read-out

(no interpolation) • Frequency resetability approaches a frequency meter· Crystal stability on all frequencies of every band
• Sideband selection by crystal filter· MARS frequency coverage· Sideband and carrier suppression down 50 DB • Distortion products down 40 DB • 180 watts PEP input· SSB, CW,
AM • Pi-network loading control· Dual ALC, and many others
YOU CAN OWN AND OPERATE
TOMORROWS TRANSMITTER TODAY!
for only $875.00

Barker & Williamson, Trio,
BRISTOL PENNSYLVANIA •
OCTOBER 19&3

,APRIL 1964

Telepho,e 21 5·7BB-55B I

S.. your local IIW Didrlbutor or writ. for colorful brochure.

29

•
INCOMPARABLE IN
REGULATOR DESIGN

shift. The tone from the speaker will not sound
real crisp due to the absence of harmonics.
Although the audio doesn't sound too crisp
through the speaker, it will sound real clear on
the air. Aft er everything is wired in, adjust
1\5 and H6 for the proper tone and audio level.
Then with the mon-key connected to the modu lator, adjust R8 until you get 100 or near 100
per cent mod ulation. Do not adjust R6 after
you adjust R8 or you will h ave to readjust 1\8
all over again .

l

.
This new t ransistorized alte rnato r regu lator is suited to all types of mobil e use.
Seatronic regu lator s have no points to carbon ize; no fi ltering required; no effect on
other elect ronic inst ruments; consta nt voltage output; reduces maintenance and calibration considerably.
The Seatronic solid sta te regu lat or has
posit ive voltage regulat ion of + 0 .2 volt s
at any speed. Gives maxim um output at
idli ng speed . Nomi nal vol tage 14.2 volts
and may be varied at no additional cha rge .
No adjustments ever needed and can be
mounted anywhere.
LIST PRICE

We have had great success with the monkey. We have been able to poke a hole through
severe QH~1 and still maintain intclligent communications. The mon-key g ives a more C\ V
type of effect and wou ld be beneficial for the
tech or novice that can't go on C\V, due to the
lack of receiving provisions, but wants to go
on C\V to get more practice.
\\'A60 HD

Parts Ki t A vailable

AMATEUR NET

~CJ.~\

51 8. 00

Com plete

ki t

w ith

power

WA60 H D- ]

supply

and

specke r.

.. ... ........... $19.95

I N QUI RI ES I NVITED

DOW-KEY CONNECTORS

SEND FOR FREE BROCHURE TODAY !

"ANfl MOUNT

SEATRONICS

INC.

Cockeysville , M a r yla nd

"A LEADING NAME IN QUALITY"

Dt..'.ot>~.

. il",.,

pl.'f'd. p'lP<;i $OQn
.....x. Only ~ . "
hole i$ ~d.

DOUBLE MALE
f."o'i',. every .
........,,. . P',p( ••iot\

.....x.

, un ed

lor;kine: Iype .

no sc'_•.

S,I"e. p l..'ed

u . . . . . • 70

u, . . . •

95

DOW-KEY COMPANY. Thief River Falls, Minn .

'0

73 MAGA Z IN E

•

(-

- , (9". )

II

1KVA STANDBY POWER SYSTEM

,

by TOPAZ

An all transistorized AC to AC power changer
whi ch delivers CONSTANT, NOISE FREE POWER
whether the main power line is ON o r OFf.

INPUT: 115j230V, 50 to 500 cps.
MODElIOOOSR

OUTPUT; 1 17V RMS Sine Wave

:f:

5 % , 1 KVA.

TYPICAL OPERATION

R(SUlTS

s.o, wnt
Ae Po wer Line
115V, 50-500 tpS
V l t ;~ b le

Wave

Shape Ind
FleQuen ty

4;r/\
irQA

DC Isolated trim DC t• .I.e Inverlll
Chlnttl DC
.I.e to DC Pow er
Pow er l ine and
Suppl, with l opn f lu from Ca mmon Vallat l II
Ullf l -lso ll lion

Mode Noise

h Ul le WIW, At

Output ,I StUd,.
Unl" l tHU pl d

frequenc ,

V. tlll' Conlra ller

Controlled

u d Filtl,i" ,

Sqnre WI _'

eire"lr,

1 KY. Power lit
11 J .o lt$, 60 t pl
:!: .03 tp $

A

•

trit ~ lf

Noise Sit"ils
h Int pithd

Bitltf in

up br the

,rd'III', Plwe.

p. wer hoe

" Pl t und, ti...

charlt udcr

,..t'"

'ull p• • er

In ,"If'lt""

sludb, mlde

crn r h lnil ilft
pic luru ""il !llul
jitt er Ir turinl

V"

nee Irtm
Trllnl;l ntl .
N" ..u;t
O,u.r1,u lind

c

U

WI 'U S'lull

Accur' lt,

rtl;,~I.

dliU Ir.",

Cl mpulat'u s
. hid Ire nit
dl i li ded b, • • iu

.r po... r IadUfts

TOPAZ INCORPORATED. 3802 HOUSTON STREET . SAN OIEGO, CALIF. 92 110 • PHONE, (71 4) 297-4815
Myers, Florida h ave a new 12 p age crystal
d irectory for Citizens Band crystals. You can
find what crystal to use for any channel for
any m ake equipment, transm itting and receiving.

New
Products
Hal a X far mer

Hi-Par now has a new matching transformer
for the Saturn 6 antenna. It improves the
b and -width, simplifies the feeding system ,
lowers the SWR and costs $4.9.5.
C ryst a l C a t a lag
Texas Crystals, 1000 Crystal D rive, F ort
APRI L 1964

Ga lax y III

\ VHL has changed their name to Galaxy
Electroni cs and their newest p roduct is the
Galaxy 111, successor to the Galaxy 300, a
300 watt ( P E P) / SSB/CW transceiver for 80,
40 and 20 meters. The hybrid transistorized
circuit permits the small size of 6 v 10 ~ x ll ~
which is fine for both home and mobile u se
and a weight of only 14 pound s. 11 has a full
500 kc coverage on all three bands, upper or
lower sideband. Price is only $349.95 . Availa ble accessories are ac an d d e supp lies, remote
VFO, speaker console and a D eLuxe Accessory
Console complete with 24 hour clock, speaker,
SW R brid ge and hybrid phone p atch. Write
Galaxy Electronics, 10 South 34th Stree t, Counell Bluffs, Iowa for more info.
31

New Products
brated fro m 50 -5~ ~I C ( 6 ~ l) and 14~ -1 ~ 8
~I C ( 2M). Output voltage is 10-20 V rms .
Tubes 6BA6, OB2 plus low heart half-wave
silicon rectifier. Complete 24" low loss coaxi al
cable. Operates on 117 volt s 50/60 cycles AC .
Dimensions, mnv x 4)211 x 4" deep.
lOW!IIS

Telrex' s

New Catalog

_.::;;r~:

__-_ _

.. ... .., .• . ..
•

Telrex has one of the most complete selections of beams going . . . well constru ctecJ,
reasonably p riced. You should have their catalog at hand . D rop not e to Tel rex, Asbury Park,
X. J.

6

and

2

Miniature Antennas
Mini-Products has a new ca talog available
which gives dat a on 13 different mini ature
antennas . These are designed for restricted
area and mobile applications. Mobile antennas
are available for 6 & 10, 6 & 15, 6 & 20, etc.
The most ambit ious model is a two element
beam with elements on ly 11 feet lon g th at will
work on 6-10- 15-20 meters. The catalog indudes an engineering report on the pri nciple
used and gives full info on all models. MiniProducts, 1001 \Vest 18th Street, Erie, Pennsylvan ia .

EZ -Etc h

Meter YFO

Lafayette Badia Electron ics Corporation,
III Jericho Turnpike, Syosset , L. L, :-I. Y.
announces a new self-powered Vari able F req uency Oscillator for the 6 and 2 Meter
Amateur Bands. Model HE-89. Price 29.95
A high quality variable Frequency oscillator
designed to operate with modem tran smitters
using crystal ocsillators in the 8-9 ~I C region .
High electrical stability is achieved by a seriesregulator tube protects unit from lin e voltage
variations. Illuminat ed plexiglass di al is cali32

One of the best ideas we've seen yet for
printed circuits. F rankly you have lost your
spirit of adventure if you do n't scu d for one of
these kits. EZ has taken the m isery out of circuit boards by coming up with a scheme
which eliminates the drawing and photography. \ Vrite Ami-Tron Associat es, 12033
Otsego Street, No rth Hollywood , California.
Kit is only $5.95!
73 MACAZINE

200 KILOWATTS

This is a complete general purpose
transm itter provid ing SS8. IS 8 . AM.
compatible AM. CW, FSK and FAX modes
of operat ion. Accuracy and resetability is 1 part in 10'
per day with tu ning in 100 cps steps from 2-28 mcs.
Conservative rat ings provide reserve power fo r
maintaining peak power under condit ions of complex
waveform t ransmission. such as 64 tone voice frequency modulation. while adheri ng to signal t o disto rtion ratio of at least 35 db. The fin al amplifier in
t he GPT·200 K is air cooled. Thi s tran smitter is ca pable of 20 kc bandpass at t he 3 db points.

(AN/FRT-&2)

For complete detailed specificatio ns.
requ est TB l 014A .

THE TECHNICAL MATERIEL CORPORATION
MAMARONECK , NEW YORK

OTTAWA , CANAD A

•

ALEXANDRIA. VIRGINIA

SAN l UI S OBISPO, CALI FORN IA

•

•

GA RLAN D. TE XAS

LU ZERN , SWI TZ ERLAN D

•

•

LA MESA, CALI FORNIA

POM PAN O BE ACH , flORIDA

,

An IF Spotter

Howard Burg ess W SWGF
180 1 Dorothy St. N.E.
Albuquerque, N. M .

If you have ever tried to find the if freq uencies of unfamiliar and inoperative pieces
of surplus gear with no schematic, it is a waste
of time to tell you how rough it can be. Even
a single if tran sformer from the junk box can
be a p roblem if it has no p art number or
identification .
Of course in some cases a grid dip meter
ca n be used to find the operating frequency.
However, few grid dippers cover the important
if frequ encies below 2 me. To complicate
things, if a dipper is used on a shielded transformer above 2 me, the resonant frequency of
the transformer may be shifted if the shield is

removed.
If these problems sound familiar to you , we
wo uld like to su ggest a little gadget that can
help solve them. \Vith just two resistors, tw o
capacitors, and a tube, don't expect it to give
a digital read-out to all your qu estions, but it
can put you in the ball park.

-

r

The if spotte r. The switch for ch angi ng the
coupli ng ca pacitor is a t the upper left
marked " H I" a nd " LO ." The posts on the
end a re X 1 a nd X2 .
H

The p rinciple of operation is as sim ple as the
construction . The tuned circuit in question is
merely m ade to oscillate at its resonate frequency. The frequency can then be determ ined
by tuning in its radiated signal on the h am
receiver. T o set the unknown coil into oscillation requires the u se of a sim ple "two terminal"
oscillator. Such an oscillator is shown in the
schem atic of Fig. 1. \Vhen any tuned circu it is
connected to the two points marked X, the circuit will oscillate at it s resonant fr equency.
In this oscillator the twin triod e is a tube
suc h as the 12AT7. The section V2 furnishes
the necessary feedback and eliminates the
need for extra coils or feedback connections.
The construction is simple. The unit could
have been built in a larger case with its own
power supply and would have become a nice
piece of bench eq uipment. However, due to the
few parts requi red and the small amount of
plate power used (3 mils at 90 volts ) it was
built as an overgrown p robe. T he p ower is
robbed from another piece of test equipment
or the receiver.
As a probe it can be used on the work b ench
to test individual coils and transformers or it
can b e held in contact with the variou s transFormers in a receiver.
There is only one point of cautio n that
should b e observed in construction. The lead
from the grid contact of VI to the XI post
should be kept as short and direct as possible
with the least capacity to ground. This lead
becames part of the oscillating tuned circuit
and limits the upper frequ ency to which the
unit will operate.
The coupling capacitor from the grid of VI
to the plate of V2 furnishes the feedback required to main tain oscillation. T o reduce the
loading on the tuned circuit, this capacitor
73 MACAZ INE

should be held to the sma llest value that will
sustain oscillation. Because of the wide range
over which th is in strument operates , a switch
is provided to change values. \ Vith the capacitors sho wn, operation is possible from about
60 mc down to well below 50 kc. The lar ger
value is used at the lower frequencies and is
switched in only when required . \ Vith coils
of m edium Q the switching p oint is around
3to5 mc.
The connectors Xl and X2 can be almost
any kind of p osts. The ones shown on th e unit
here are banan a plugs. These can be u sed as
test points, or alligator clips can b e slid over
them for u se in clipping to coil lead s.
The m eter shown is a th ree mil meter and is
used to read the total plate current of b oth
halves of th e tube. This will ind icate when the
circui t is oscillating. When th e tester is not
oscillating th e m eter will ind icate a cu rrent of
about 1 mil (with 90 plate volts ) . Under oscillat ing conditi ons the meter will rise to as much
as 3 mils with a hi gh Q coil. T he actual amount
of current is not so important as the fact that
the upward shift indicates th at the coil is not
open and is oscillating. A 5 or 10 mil meter will
serve the purpose just as well.
As the pictures show, this unit was built In

METER BEAM

• One Inch Elements for Low Q
ond Wider Frequency Ronge
• 12 Foot Boom for Wide Spocing
• Dipole Driven Element, 52
Ohm Feed
• Forword DB Goin 9 .2
Front-To-Bock 28 DB
• All Tempered Aluminum-Dr iven
Element A ssembled.
Shpg. wt. 20 Ibs.

HIGH VOLTAGE

'"

TIO mm!

12 AT 7

0-

..L

,
r

e

,
X 20

li«»

•

0'

X,

L...-.o>.-~_t_·_ .....

•

(6) METER BEAM

-

•
••
•
•
•

l
22 ,

M

-

"

VA .C.

F IG URE

Circ uit diag ram 01 t he ;1 spotte r
.0 1 Cerami c capacitor
SO pf Mica capaci tor
10 pf Ceramic
6 8 K Vl watt ca rbon res isto r
22 K Vl watt carbon res isto r
Milliammeter in ra nge of3 to lO ma
Slide action Double Po le- Singl e T h row
switc h (5 1)
2 Bano na plug s (x I an d x2 )
12AT7 t ube
Minibox (s ize depends on type of meter
use d )
9 pin m iniature t ube soc ket
A PRI L 1964

Gamma Match for 52 Ohm Feed
Resonate Frequency 50.4 Meg.
Forward Gain 11.2 DB
Front-To-Back Ratio 25 DB
Boom Length: 15 Ft.,
11f4 Inch Dia.
1" Dia. Elem ents for Low " 0",
Wide Range
Temp ered Preassembled Alumin um El ements, Easy Installation. Shpg. wt. 20 lbs.

MONEY BACK GUARANTEE
- -

-

-

-

SEN O CASH OR MONEY ORDER TO :-

-

-

-

-

SUPER "Q" PRODUCTS
3363 VernAr, Kent. Ohio

8NAME'~

Meter Beam @
Meter Beam @

$29.95
$27.95

I

Shpd. Exp. Colle ct On ly
Ohio Res. Add 3% Tax

_

AODRESS
CITY'

_
lONE_

STATE

_

35

,

a small 5" x 3" x 2" box . The un it w ill w ork just
as well if it is built on a small piece of peg
board with a couple of leads run out to th e
multimeter. This is for the m an in a hurry.
\ Vhen th e unit is fi nished , apply power w ith
the "X" points open (no coil across them) . Because of the open grid of V I, th e meter will
d rift about. After the tube h as had tim e to
warm up, short th e X posts with a heavy piece
of bus or copper. The meter will now come to
rest somewhere around 1 mil. This is the "no
oscill ation" current and sho uld be kep t in mind
as a referen ce point for fu ture u se. Now remove the short and connect almost any kind of
an LC circui t across th e posts. T he meter reading w ill now rise from the "no oscillation"
value indicati ng that the coil is oscillating. D o
not use the large coupling capacitor unless
the circ uit refuses to oscillate with the smaller
valu e .
To check a single if transformer, all that
is n ecessary is to hook one of the tun ed coils
to the in put terminals of the tester. Be sure
that the coil used is not tun ed. Some transfor mers have a number of terminals wh ich m ay
not go directly to the tuned circuit inside. T o
obtain oscillation there must be both a d e and
an rf path between the two p osts.
If the transformer is one w hose frequency
falls in the range b elow the broadcast band it
is quite convenient to h ave one of the surplus
receivers that covers the range down to 200 kc.
H ow ever the check can still be mad e with a
regular broadcast receiver. All that is necessary is to find the ha rmon ics of the tester as
they fall in the broadcast b and . They will be
separated by a value eq ual to the freq uency of
th e coil b eing t ested . As an examp le, if a
sig nal is spotted at 900 kc and the next one
higher is found at 135 kc, it is a pretty good
bet that the tran sformer is operating on 450 kc

C hecki ng a ten me ter ta nk circui t

Chec k ing o n if transfo rmer
l

Inside v iew showi ng ext reme simplicity of

the "Spotter." T he tube is mounted at a n
angle to keep the g rid lead to the " u nknown" as short a s possible.

( 1350 - 900 = 450) .

1

.1::

Close u p of
p lacement .
35

tube

soc ke t

showing

parts

T o find the operatin g freq uency of an if
st age it is not necessary to have th e amplifier
in operating cond ition or the tubes hot. Just
connect the tw o contacts across the primary or
seco ndary of th e tran sformer in q uestion and
watch for signs of oscillation 011 the meter.
Some tran sformers h ave a portion of the bias
system inside of the can. T h is can usually b e
overcome by connecting the tester from grid
to ground of the tube in the stage being tested.
In addition t o checking transformers it can
also be useful in test ing the ra nge over w hich
a transmitter tank w ill tu nc. Ju st make sure
th at the hi gh voltage is turned off and connect
the p robe across the tank to be tested. Now
you can tun e th e tank and follow its entire
73 MACAZINE

APRI L 1964

37

usable range with the receiver. If the tank
being checked happens to be the final, the
meter on the probe will indicate when the
antenna is brought into resonan ce.
This little tester was buil t to do just one
thing- sort out some old ifs in the junk box.

After we tried it we found that it would do a
lot of useful chores around th e ham shack.
With proper care and feeding, it can probably
learn to do tricks that we haven't even thought
of.
. .. W5WGF

Ji m Kyle K5JKX

1236 N.E. 44t h St.
Okla homa City, Ok lo.

The Case of the Naughty Pi - Net
(Why it misbehaves)
One of the most popular fin al-amplifier tank
circuits around th ese d ays, at all p ower levels,
is the "pi-net"; in th e nearly 30 years since it
was first introduced to h amdom , it has put almost all other circuits out of the runnin g. One
of the main reasons for this is its reputed
ability to "match anyth ing," and within limits
it fulfills this p romise to an amazing degree.
But from time to time one turns naughty,
a nd refuses to behave as billed. In stead of
following the book, which says that with the
output capacitor (C2 in Fig. 1 ) set for maximum the loadin g should b e lightest, increasing
as the capacitance of C2 decreases, the naughty
pi-net either refuses to dip at all, or does so
at much too high a plate-current level.
In his excellent roundup of pi-net design
data ( February, 1962, 73- and required reading for this course) W6JAT h ad this to say
about such a nau ghty pi-net: "The trouble is
probably that the Q is too low . It may be corrected by takin g off a turn or two of coil and
increasing th e input condenser."
But this isn't always the trouble; as often as
not- p articularly in the case of commerciallybuilt rigs wh ich misbeh ave-the trouble isn't
in the pi-net at all. It's in the antenna l With
a brief byp ass into some supposedly exotic
areas of an tenna measurement, let's see how it
works:
Before gett ing to the antenna itself, let's
take a fast glance at th e p i-net and how it
works. The handy little circuit is actually an
impedance-tran sforming d evice, which m akes
38

the (hopefully) 50 ohm impedance of your
coax look like a high impedance to the fin alamplifier tube. \Vhen the impedan ce transform ation is what you want it to b e, the plate
current is automatically what you want also.
This is why most of u s never meet up with
the impedan ce idea at all- the plate current or
"load ing level" takes care of it for us.
But for the impedan ce t ransformation to
take place properly, the pi-net must be terminated by pure resis tance on each end. No reactance at all is permissible. In practice, any
reactance which does show up is tuned out by
adjustment of C l and C2. For instan ce, if your
feedline h appens to look like 50 ohms re sistance together with a capacative component
equal to 10 mmfd at opera ting frequency, you
just set the loading cap acitor (C2) to 10 mmfd
less than you normally would. The 10 mmfd
contributed by the line makes up th e difference. Again, it happ ens automatically when you
adjust controls for proper dip an d plate current.
That last paragraph is important, b ecause it
conta ins the full key to why some pi-nets tum
naughty. When you h ave the idea d own p at,
proceed into the mud of antenna measurements.
Most of us h ave made the acquaint ance of
SWR before, but maybe not all of us have
seen "Smith charts." These charts are rather
complicated-looking graphs used by antenna
engineers to simplify some of their measurement techniques, and Fig. 2 is a part of a
73 MACAZINE

TRANSISTOR

0,

F I G U RE

RADIO

Basic p i- net ci rc uit, identify ing pa rts desig -

nations used in exa mp les throughout text.
For doto on p i-net desig n, see W 6JAT a rtic le, Fe bru ary, 19 62, issue of 7 3 , o r standa rd rad io han dboo ks.

•

HANDBOOK

0

m

0 5 ,

zs
~

>
z

m

m

o.e

m

0. '

,:1.
~

'"

'"

0'
'.0

FIGURE

'"

2

Portion of Smit h Ch art showing resistive
a nd reacti ve com po ne nts of coax impedance
a t transm itter e nd of lin e, for all possi ble
line lengths. Fi gures ot edges of g ra ph
re present wa velengths of lin e ; all even wa velengths may be ign ored since impeda nce
repeats itse lf eve ry full wa ve length a nd thus
on ly fra ctions of th e last wa velength ore
importa nt. See text for detail s of rema inde r
of c ha rt a nd how to read it.

Smith chart drawn for SW R values of 1.2, 1.5,
and 2.0. All these SWR readings are within
the limits usually considered acceptable for
h am work.
Here's what this Smith chart shows : T he
concentric circles represent all the p ossible
values of impedan ce which the coax can p resent to the transmitter regardless of its length .
The scale labelled "resist ance compone nt"
shows th e resistan ce p resented b y th e coax
(after you multiply by 50, which is th e resistance for an SWR of 1.0 ) . The other scales
composed of arcs coming in from the sides
shows the reactive comp onents of the coax
input impedan ce; those to the right of the resistance scale are capacative reactan ce while
those to the left are inductive; ag ain, th e
APRIL 1964

- simplified circuit theory, plus
practical construction projects
Handbook covers a wide range of
communication uses for both amateur radio and com m er cia l applications.
Includes audio a n d speech amplifiers,
V.H.F. transmitting and r eceiving
equipment, sing le sideba nd exciters
(both filter and phasing types), and
also a complete S.S.B. t r a nsceiver .
BOOK
#044
Order from rour

$500 ea. (foreig. n $5 .50)
h~orite

electronic parts distributor.

If h e CQn Il O! supply, sCll d us h is nrun e and your
rem ittance, and we will suppl y.

j

@
•..,

-

S,mm'''''d 8, c,mO'''' 93067

Dealers: Electronic distributors, order from us.
Bcckstores . libraries , newsdea lers order from Baker &
Tar lor, Hillsi de. N. J. Expert Ieee. Cana da). order
from H. J. Snr der Co., 440 Park A~e . So.. N.Y. 16.

39

as the antenna resista nce varies : we'll igno re
all other adjustments for now, and we won't
think about tun ing out any reactance either.
F ig. 3 shows the results of some rathe r
lengthy calcula tions which we won't go into
here in detail; the procedure for obtaining
these values is spelled out step-by-step in the
1957 ABEL handbook but has been omitted
in la ter editions; \V6JAT's article also gives
the equation for thi s calcula tion.
The values shown in F ig . 3 were calcula ted
Reactance of C2 in ohms requ ired to ma tc h
for a single 6146 operating with 600 volts on
va riaus antenna res ista nce val ues betwee n
the pl ate and 120 rn a plate current, which is
20 and 100 ohms; an tenna is assumed to be
equal to a 25 00 ohm load impedance. They'll
pure resistance .
hold tru e for a ny tube and set of operating
vnlucs on the chart must be multiplied by 50 conditions which amou nts to a 2500 ohm load
to come lip with th e true applicable values impedance, as well-but the importa nt thing
here is not the exact figu res, but what happ en s
in this casco
T o make it simpler, here's all example. If to the m as the antenna resistance cha nges.
For instance, with an anten na resistan ce of
t he S\VR is 2, the coax can look like 25 ohms
(0.5 t imes 50) pure resistance at a voltage 50 ohms (design value) the reactance of C2
n ull, or like 100 ohms ( 2.0 tim es 50) at a should be 26.5 ohms. This comes out to be
voltage peak. In between, it can be 40 ohms 860 mmfd at 7 me. \ Vhen antenna resistance
resistance plus 30 ohms capacative reactan ce d rops to 25 ohms, C2's required reactance
(read at the intersection of th e horizont al line d rop s to 22.2 ohms, or 1040 mmfd at 7 me.
a nd the 2.0 S\VR circle) or 40 oh ms resistan ce With antenna resistance of 100 ohms, C2
plus 30 ohms inductive reacta nce. It can also must show 35.3 ohms, which is 642 mmfd at
be 30 ohms resistive plus 1.5 ohms cnpncative 7 me. All of these values are within the ran ge
(at t he point marked X), or anything else on of a 3-section 365 mmfd BC capacitor, the
kind so widely u sed for loadin g control, but
the 2.0 SWB circle.
One complete trip around the circle repre- the 1040 mmfd requirement m eans that th e
sen ts one full wavelength of coax b etween load ing will be n early at zero when proper
transmitter and anten na. If th e nntcnua is loading is actually achieved!
Now let's go b ack to the Smith chart in
taken to be the start ing p oint, and we start at
the top (the 2.3 ohm point on th e 2.0 SWB F ig. 2 and see what the coax looks like when
c ircle) then the intersect ion of the circle and there's some S\VR on the line. If we t ried
the right-hand horizontal line will mark !~ to make a tabl e showing every possible length
wavelength, the intersection with the lowcr of coax we would run out of space in a hurry,
vertical lin e will ma rk ~~ wavele ngth, and that so we'll show only the quarter-wavelen gthw ith the left-hand horizontal lin e will mark % aparts points. And since all the even wavewavelength. As we keep on going, we find that lengths can b e subtracted without changi ng
the values are the same at !4 and Vi wave- things, th is means we need only show the 0,
'i, ,~, and % wavele ngth positions along the
l ength , etc.
All of which may seem as clear as the in- line. The table appears in Fig. 4 .
I Tl Fig. 4, th e first figur e in each of the imside of a st rawberry pie but not very relevant
to the case of the naugh ty pi-net. How ever, pedance entries is pu re resistance, while the
things are abo ut to b egin falling into place . second is reactan ce (wh ich must be tun ed out
Let's go back to the pi-net itself and find by our pi-net ) . F ollowing the normal conven{JUt what hap pens to the ad justments of C2 tion, capacative reactance is shown as negaLI1-i E LE1-iG TH
SWR Value
1.0
1.2
1.5

2.0

1/4

0

5 0'"
fl O.;.
'; 5 10 0'"

0
0
0
0

50 + 0
49 + 9
42 +19
40 +30

3 /4

1/2
50 +
41+
33 +
25+

0
0
0
0

50+ 0
48 - 9
42-19
40-:W

FIGURE 4 . Input impedance of coax as func tion of line
length and SWR on fced llne , See text for det ai le .

40

LINE LE NGT H
SWR Va lue
1. 0

1.2
1.5
2. 0

0

1/4

1 /2

3/4

-26.5
- 2 8. 4
-31.1
-35.3

-26 .5
-35.2
- 4 4. 0
-54 .7

- 26 . 5
-24 . 8
-23.7
- 2 2. 2

-26. 5
-1 7 .2
- 6. 0
5. :~

,

FIGURE 5. Reactance in ohms of C2 for example cited
in text wit h variations in SWR and in le ngth of feed line;
reactive component of coax input impedance is ignored.
H MACAZINE

tive while inductive becomes positive.
You ca n see that with a n SW R of l.0, the
impedance looking into th e coax is 50 + 0
regardless of lin e length . You knew this an ywav.
But with an S\VR of just 1.2, th e impedance varies from 60 + 0 a t th e O-waveleugth
position through 48 - 9 a t ~ wavelength back
to 41J2 + 0 at ~ wevelen gth, then through
48 + 9 at the ~-wavelengt h point before returning to 60 + O.
This, of course, mean s th at n ow our pi-net
has to ca ncel out the reactance as well as
matching th e resistances. To find ou t where
C2 should be set to accomplish this, let's su btract the reactance values in F ig. 4 from those
given in Fig. 3 fo r th e co rrespond ing resistance
values. Reactance values in Fig. 3 are all
negative numbers, by the way. The result of all
this arithmetic appears in Fig. 5, which gives
the capacative reactance required in C2 to
match the line at the various line lengths and
S\VR values we've been talking about.
All looks pretty cozy in Fig. 5, with one exce p tion. Rem ember that negative reactance
values are cap acative, while p ositive values
are inductive. Now look again at the reactance
of C2 for a ~ -wave lcngth line with 2.0 S\VR.
I10w are we ever going to make C2 look like
5.3 oh ms of inductance???
LINE LENGT H

SWR Value
1. 0
1. 2
1. 5
2.0

0

1/ 4

1/2

860
800
730
64 2

860
645

860
91 5

516

958

415

1040

CRAFTSMANSHIP, RELIABILITY,
UNEQUALLED PERFORMANCE
•

•
•

•

240 WATTS Peak-Envelope-Power

sse

in put.
200 watts CW input. 60 watts AM input.
6005 P.A. TUSE. This rugged, reliable tube is
one of the reasons why Swan Transceivers
ccnststently show more talk-power than others.
AUDIO RESPON SE. Flat within 3 db over the
entire speech range from 300 10 3300 cycles.
I fus is why Swan Transceivers are so well
known for their excellent, natural sounding
audio quality.
FREQUENCY RANGE : Full coverage of 20 and

40 meters. 13,990-14,380 kc, 6900-7340 kc.
80 meier coverage : 3640-4030 kc. (Fil II 80
meter coverage available With accessory kitJ

3/4
860
1320
3790

...

F IGURE 6 . Value of C2 in m icromicrofarads
at 7 m ega cy cle s for exa mple in t ext ; *** notes
t hat no value of capac it ance w ill satis fy the r oquirements -O.1225 microhenr ie s of induc t ance
.are necessary in this case .

The answer, of course, is th at we can't. The
p i-net is being naughty. But as you have seen
it's not the pi-net's fault at all.
And we're not through ye t. Let's move on
t o Fig. 6, which presents the same thin g as
F ig. 5 excep t th at now instead of ohms of reactance we're talking in terms of mmfd of
capacitance, figured at 7 me.
W ith a 1-to-1 SWR, a ll is well, an d th e pinet will behave as billed. Ignoring the ;!I-wavelength p oint, the pi-net w 'Il still load more or
less with higher values of S\VR, but the load ing controls will be fa r from the b ook-stated
positions. At ~ wavelength with 2.0 S\VR ,
particularly, p roper load ing w ill happen at
nearly full capacitance of C2..
APRIL 1964

THE SWAN SW·240 THREE BA~D
SINGLE SIDEBAND TRANSCEIVER!

SEE THE NEW

SWAN TCU
TRANSCEIVER CONTROL UNIT
COMPANION FOR YOUR SW-240

EXTERNAL VFO-PROVIDES FOR SEPARATE
TRAN SMIT·RECEIVE FREQU ENCY CONTROL.
• Complete coverage of 20, 40, 75, and 80 meters.
• 100 kc Calibrator• • 15 mc Reception of WWV.
• VOX. Voice Controlled Operati on - inclUd ing
Anti·t rip.
• Built-in Speaker.• Phone Jack.
• Plugs into ALL SW·240 Transceivers. (rn stana•
t ion Kit included .)
• Operates directl y from Transceiver supply. No
additional power supply Is req uired. Those
who now own an SW·240 and AC supply need
t o buy only the swan-rcu.
• The new SW·1l7B AC supply may be installed
inside the TCU cabinet if desired, thus making
a complete home station in two matching un it s.
• SW·240 Transceiver may st ill be used in mob ile
opera tio n by simply disconnecting the l CU,
and inserti ng a Jumper plug.
• complete with connectors
and installation kit for
use with all SW·240s.

$11 5

ACCESSORIES
SW·l17AC POWER SUPPLY • .• .•. .• $ 9S
SW-12DC POWER SUPPLY ..•.•... $ 1 15
SIDEBAND SELECTOR KIT . . . . . . . • . . $ 18
MOBILE MOUNTING KIT . • •. •. .. $ 19. 50
SW117B POWER SUPPLY • . •. •. •.. . $ 75

•
ELECTR ONICS CORP.

Oceanside, Calif.

SEE OR
WRITE YOUR
DEALER
TODA Y I

7

L INE

0

1/4

1 /2

3/ 4

79

79
59
47
38

79
84
88
95

79

SIVR
1.0
1.2

1.5
2 .0

73
67

G9

(1)

(2)
(3)

Notes : (1 ) Maxi m u m C not enough
(2) Max C not nc ar en ough

(3) Impos sible with Cap.
F IGURE 7 . Setling of loading control
in percentage of rotation, for example
d iscussed in text. Note wide deviations .

T o drive it horne still more, move on to
Fig. 7 ( the last of our little charts). This
shows approximate p ercentage of rotation of
the load ing capacitor, w ith 100 p ercent eq ual
to maximum capacitance. It's figured for our
2500 ohm pi-net, the same as everyth ing else
we've ta lked about, and for 7 me operation
using a 3-gang Be variable for C2.
Now we find that if the coax happens to be
,. wavelength long, the pi-net won't behave
with any appreciable S\VR at all. Even a
"tiny" 1.2 SWR value will put the setting of
C2 out of range of the variable.
And as we've said all th e way through , it's
not the fault of the pi-net. T he trouble is in
the ante nna and the S\ VR.

So w hat can we do? At lower freq uencies
particularly it's almost impossible to keep S\V n.
down to 1-to-l over an entire band. In addition,
the S\\'H may not be causing any other troubles
at al l.
One of the q uickest ways to do something
about it is to prune the line. T his sounds horribly old-fashioned ill view of all that's been
publish ed in th e past few years to th e effect
that line pruning w ill nut change S\ VR. It
won't change the S\VR, true, but it will change
what the S\ VR does, most drastically.
Look back at Fig. 7 to see just how much difference a half-wave of line length can make.
W ith SWR of 2.0, it's impossible to load the
pi-net at a line length of ~ wave: the same antenna loads more easily than with a 1.0 S\VR
at a line length of ~ wave!
1f your coax is too short to prune, get all
extra half-wavelen gth and add it in ; thi s will
have the same effect.
If yo u want to he more scientific abo ut it
all you can add an antenna tuner between the
transm itter and the feed line to make the SW R
seen by your pi-net exactly 1.0. This will not
only bring the loading control back to instruct ion-b ook settings but will guarantee you additional reduction of harmonics, always a good
thing.
But either way, don' t always blame the pinet. Even if it appears at fi rst gla nce to be
nau ghty, frenquentl y it's no t the culp rit.
Case d ism issed .
. .. K5JKX

60 Watts on 75
Don Mathon VEl lC
Box 516
Middleton, N. 5., Canada

For a long time I had planned building a
transmitter which would include as many
modem features as possible and which would
have an appearance comparable to that of
commerical equipment.
The first step in obtaining a commercial appearance was to choose a modem streamlined
cabinet for the finished product. Searching
through my catalogues, I d iscovered the Dud
"Shadow Cabi net" line w hich seemed to fill
the bill very nicely, so, nu mber SD2 14D was
ordered along with a chass is number AC424
42

to match.
Now that the cabinet and chassis had been
decided upon , the circuit and accompanying
features had to be designed. The idea of
commercial quality was kept in mind throughthis design phase and for the sake of compactness and modern functional features, the
modulator and power supply, both transistorized, were built-in. T he schematic diagram
seen ill fi gur e two is the result of much head
scratching, slide ru le heating and paper wasting.
73 MACA ZIN E

sen d fo r N EW FREE
CR YSTAL CA TA LOG
wit h NEW TR A NS ISTOR
OSCILLATOR CI RCU ITS

/-li- - -- - -

APRIL 1964

- - -

-----'l..-'J

HERMETICALLY SEALED
PRECISION GROUND
CUSTOM-MADE
NON·OVEN CRYSTALS

Circuit Description
A few words of wisdom, explaining the theoretical opera tion of the transmitter. is a must
in a ny article, so, here goes.
The rf section, consisting of a n oscillato r, it
buffer/driver, an output tube and a PI network antenna coupling, wiII b e discussed fi rst.
The oscillator is a crystal controlled, modi fied Pierce type . This particular circuit was
chosen and voltage regu lation introduced with
a view that, jf it ever becam e d esirable to
operate thi s stage as a VFO, th e ch angeover
would be fa irly simple a nd would not necessitate major changes in wiring. The crystal
selector switc h allows any on e of fi ve channels
to he selected ( more crystals may be used by
having more contacts on the switch}. The
plate of the 6 BA6 is broadly tun ed to the
center of th e mast used p ortion of the 75
meter band. The oscillator is capacitively
coupled to th e buffer/driver stage.
The rf choke in th e grid circuit of the 5 763
provides for a more efficient operation. The
screen of this stage is co nnected to the B plus
through a 5D K 5 \V potentiometer which allows
its voltage to be varied, thu s allowing control
on the grid current of the 6 146. Again the
pl ate of this stage is broadly tuned; the b road
tun ing in th is and the last stage, elim inates
two co ntrols wh ich would otherwise be on the
front pan el. Capacitive co upling is used again
between this st age and the 6 146.
An rf choke is also found in the grid circuit
of th e output stage a nd its purpose is the same
as exp lained above. Extensive by-passing is
used around the 6 146 socket b y connecting
capacitors fro m p ins I , 2, 4, 6, and 7 to
ground . T his heavy by-passing p revents parasit ic oscillation and the radiation of h igh
freq uency harmonics wh ich would in terfere
with television. A certai n amount of fixed bi as
is u sed on the g rid in addition to th e excitation bi as as a safety measure to protect th e
6146 in case of drive failure . T his fixed bias
also ass ures better linearity of modulation. The
modulation is applied to b oth th e plate and

-

Top pE'r(o rmanc E' assu red with q ualjt y c o n r rotfed t h roug hout man u f a c t u r e . Gold or sttvee
pla ti nK act I as ele c trod e s . C r)'stals a re III.rinK
m o u nted and s ealed u nde r vacuum o r fillE'tl
wit h ln eet KRS. Ver y h fg h (rE'q ue n c y s tabili ty.
Ma x. c u eren t c a pac ity is 10 m ill iwa t ts- 5 t o r
overtone t YllE'. Con fo r m i t y t o milita r y s pecifi c a t ions eu r a nteed.
I OOO K C t o 16 0 0KC (Fu nd . Freq .) •.
~ . _ .....
_
P ri ce s on R e,q u e s t
t 60lK C t o 2000KC (Fu nd . Freq.) _... _$5,00 ea.
200 1KC t o 2500KC (Fu nd . Freq.) . __. __ 4 .00 ea.
2 50 1 K C to 5000 KC (F u nd. Freq .) .... __ 3 .50 ea.
500 l KC to 7 0 0 0KC (F und. Freq .) _.. ~ _ 3 .90 ea .
700 1KC to IO.oooKC (Fund. Freq .)
. 3 .25 ea.
to.OOIKC to 15.000KC ( Fund. Freq. ) 3 .75 ea.
15 MC t o 20MC (Fu nd . Freq .)
5 .00 ea.

OVERTONE CRYSTALS
15MC
30MC
4(\ MC
65MC

to 30MC T hird Overtone ._._ . $3 .85
to 4 0M C T hird Over to ne ...._. _. _. 4 .10
t o 65MC Third or Fif th Overtone 4 .50
to 100MC F i lt h Overtone ...
6 .00

DRA KE 2· B Receive r Crystal s
(All Chann els-Order by Freq.)

ea.
ea .
ea.
ea .

$4.00

OVEN·TYPE CRYSTALS
For Motoro la, GE, Gonset, Be ndix , e tc .
Add $2.00 per cryst al to a bove prices
SU B-MINIATUR E PRICE S .I;gh tly h;g her
C IT I Z E N BAND Class " 0 " Crystals , ... . $2.95
O VN 50 .000 C H cry stal s in s toc k for all sets
and c h a n ne ls. both H C 6 / U and miniature tvpes ,
To ineu re p rope r cor relation a n d cor-re c r (retl .
operation . order by manufacturer model numLE' r and r-he nnel .

NOW ••. 48 HOUR SHIPMENT
ALL TEXAS C R YS T A L S are m a de to exa ctinc
specificat ions. q u a lit )" checked, and u n con di ,tio nally e ua ra nreed !

NEW TWX SERVICE
Fort Myers - 813 -3 34 -2830
Los Angeles - 213-737-1315

ORDER FROM CLOSER PLANT

~ TEXAS

CRVST

DEPT. 73-4
1000 C r ys t a l Drive
FORT MYERS. FLOROA
P hone 8 13 WE 6 ·2109
T W X 8 13·334-2830

AND

4 117 W . Jefferso n Blvd .
LOS A N G E L E S . CA LIF.
P hone 2 13-731.2258
T W X 213-737-13 15

ALS~

D ivision o(

I

t

~ CRyS TALS

5763

SBA6

•

- ~_I

-

• f---.
v
II I~V 800M o
OUT I'>U T, T HORDARSOr 0 T
.12 va c

n

,.o<:
,.
"z

, I

'-:i

2·2N I73's

,7.-/ 2 1'1

' \ PUSM TO TALK
SWITC H

~
~

~

REL AY

C,T. 35!E1/ !6 ..... 10 1'1
re TAP NOT USED)
T i"lORO AFlSON fR -5S, tiA M"' OND 147 0

2 - 2N256 's

,

::r

__.1::'\ 7" A"TE t,1

100 ..... 100 .... C T. 500 Ill ..
TI1QROAFlS ON TR _14
MAIol MO,,"O 14 f [
"\

•

,pi

1:\ Mh

c.

"
Ie

...l.2.0 1

T--. '

,

"' 1( ROPIiONE

,./

I," :::::::::'

FI Fe

•

100\1

I TO T AL)

1Q0 ...L

MIKE JACK,

___ , I

____ ' 6

--til to

0,," 4 1.... I W AESISTOR

"

-

. 10-oT; 10 · T ) 1

'·1

~

,.
"

•

6BA6

I

,

•

wou,"o

I"

,.
'"

'.

.L

'\I S '"

C,ll. Ft 80 tO

".
'" 'T'.

I''"'"'0'h _QA2
100

-l!£O

-11 f----J

__ 20 TU" "S _ 22 [ NA ME LED w IR E

•

I~~.

Ir-J

.-

6146

'"

+ 12 V FROM
BATTERY

r-<> ,

screen of the 61-46 also to obtain better quality
of audio. The plate of the output stage is
coupled to th e PI network. This type of output ne twork is used to p rovide better efficiency
a nd eliminate TVI problems.
T he front p an el m eter serves a twofold
purpose; it is used first as an amme ter to
measure th e plate and grid current of the 6 146
and , second, as a voltmeter to measure the
output of the power supp ly (600V., 300V.
an d - 120V ). T he shu nt and multiplier valu es
were chosen so th at, when aU voltages and
currents are correct. the p ointer will rest within
a red portion painted at m id-scale on the face
of the meter.
T he mike gain potentio meter controls the
voltage applied on the carbon microphone,
thus effectively co ntrolling the amount of aud io
applied to th e bases of the 2N2,56s. Their
collectors d rive the bases of th e 2N 173 modulators a nd. in tum. the modu lators apply the
a udio to the 6146. Both stages of the modula tor use tran sistors in push-pull biased by
resistor ne tworks in such a way that only a
very slight amount of current will flow throu gh
the transistors when no audio is being applied.
This small bias will prevent cross-over distortion from being produced in the audio system.
T he .1 ohm resistor prevents curren t run-away
of th e modulators wh ile the .001 condenser
effectively limits the high fre quency response
of th e uud lo system as well as absorb ing an y
high voltage transien ts wh ich might be harm fnl to the modulat or transistors.
The power supply is the ordinary run-of-themill mu ltivi brator type with feed back being
provided by a winding on the transformer.
The high voltage secondary makes use of a
voltage doub ler rectifier circuit so that a 300
vult winding may provide both 600 and 300
volt de. The - 120 volt bias is p rovided by a
separate 150 volt winding which is rectified
by a I N462 silicon di ode and fi ltered. Resistors
provide a bias on the base of the power supply
trans 'stors which assures instant start when
power is app lied.
The control circuits are a little unorthodox
in their designs; they will prevent operation
of any part of the transmitter when the ignition switch of the car is off and they will

WE
ASKED

YOU
WHAT YOU WANTED

THEN

we designed it, tested it, cyc led
it for 2000 hours ; now we are
produc ing it in large quantities.

and 2

• 40 watts outpu t on 6

•

sing le knob bandswitch ing

• no mechan ical linkages
• fu ll me te ring of all st ages
• hi leve l plate modulation

•

cl ean CW ope ra t ion

•

so li d st ate po wer supply

• 220 mc adapter available
• push-t o-talk
RE ALISTICALLY
PRICED AT

• 229.50

and vfo contro l

AVA ILABL E
IMM EDIAT ELY

T WO YEAR
GUARANTEE

ORDER TODAY DIR ECT OR
SEE YOUR LOC AL DISTR I BUTOR

We st i ll make th e f i n es t CO NV ERT ERS and

PREA MPS far

50, 14 4. 220, an d 4 3 2 mc .

MPL/DYNE LABS
KI NGS

PA R K

LI

NY

Wr it e fo r you r copy af

THE AMPLtDYNE VHF LINE

Coil Data, Fig . 1
L, L1 , L2 : 4 6 turns #27 ena m wi re on V4" d tc .
slug tu ned coil form . Two layers o f 2 3 t urns closewound .
L 3 : 35 t urns #18 enam on bakel ite 1% " form,
I V2" long close wound.
AP RI L 1964

Distributor inq ui ri es in vit ed

45

•

I

Construction

Top view. Power tra nsform e r lower right,
transistors on front panel. Modulation tra nsforme r upper left. T he t wo 6X4 rectif ie rs
h ove been replocd with silicons. Modulator
transistors o re mounted on rear apron .

allow spo tting to be carried out without putling a signal on the air. Plus 12 volts is b rought
in from the accessory terminal on the ignition
switch to p in 4 of the power plug, from there,
th rough the on/off switch , it is used to feed
the filam ents, the power relay and, throu gh
the relay, the transistorized convertor used here
in conjunct ion with the tran smitter. An other
12 volt line is brought directly from th e car
battery to pin 1 of th e power connector and
from there goes to the contacts of the power
relay through a fuse. I t can be seen from th e
diagram that when this relay is energized, it
provides power to the other two relays, to the
modulator and to th e p ower supply. If the
spot/operate switch is in th e spo t position
only the power supply receives 12 vo lts from
the power relay. the modulator is off, th e
600V does not reach th e 6 146 a nd the antenna
and 1'" volts de is still connected to the converter. The oscillator and buller/driver stages
are both on at the same time as the converter,
thus allowing spott in g.
For those who may want to build the
oscillator stage as a " FO rather than crystal
controlled, a d iagram is incl uded giving all
the necessary information and parts values.

\\'hen all holes have been punch ed on the
chassis and all components have been mounted
in position , the ac tual wiring is started.
The first part to b e wired is the modulator
sub -assembly. All components are mounted on
the shield/bracket and all connections soldered. \ Vhen all wiring is done and rechecked
O il the sh ield / brac ket , it should be mounted
in position and the final connect ions made to
the modulator tran sistors and to th e aud io
gain control.
The filaments and control circu its are w ired
next. This wiring should be routed along the
edges of the chassis and around the modulator
shield or, directly in the center of the chassis
from front to back.
The power supply section wi ring comes next.
Care should be taken when connecting the

feedback winding of the transformer and the
color code of the leads should b e observed as
per the instructi on s which come w ith the tran sfor mer. If the feedback winding is reversed
the p ower supply will no t operate and it may
damage the transistors.
The rf section is the last to be w ired. All
wires in this sect ion sho uld be kept as short
and as direct as p ossible and, to thi s effect,
exte nsive use is m ade of terminal strips and

ground lugs. The bracket holding the crystal
sockets is the last compo nen t t o be mounted
and for easier access, all wires from the crystal
sw itch to the crystal sockets are soldered before the bracket is mou nted to the chassis.
T he heat sink for th e two mod ulator t ransistors is made from a small p iece of 16 gauge
copper. The base of the sink is bent in a U
shape. The fi ns. which are also b ent in a U
shape. are soldered in p osition and then the
holes for mounting th e transistors are drilled .
The heat si nks for the power supply tran sistors
are purchased commercially becau se they have
to di ssipate considerably more hcnt and also
look better on the front panel. T il e shie ld /
bracket for the modulator is made from IG
gauge aluminum bent in J shape wi th %" lips
bent outward ly from the shield at th e bottom
and at both ends. This sh ield measures 5~ "
long by 2J.£ " w ide by 2 ~" high. T ra nsistors
Q 1 and Q2 are mounted on a small piece of
16 gauge aluminum fa stened to the center of

th e shield / bracket.

Test ing ond Alignment
Bottom view. Gain control at mid-top,
modu lato r a t top right, drive cont rol mid right .

<.

Conned rig to 12 volts and check filaments.
\ Vith the spot/operate switch in the spot position when the microphon e push-to-talk sw itch
73 MAGAZINE

•

in MOBILE POWER SUPPLIES

400 W sse
300 W AM

THE REVOLUTIONARY

I

o
COMPLETELY TRANSISTORIZED DC-DC CONVERTER

O ver 2 lh W <'lth Per C u bi c Inch

•

CO M PACT -

•

CI RCU IT BREAKER PR OTE CTED Re q uir ed
EF FI CIE NT Ove r 90 %

•
•
•
•
•
•
•

•

SPECI FICATIONS
IN P U T
1 2 - 1 5 V.DC
OU TPUT. 850 ('J} 4 0 0 MA
75 0 (II) 4 5 0 M A
6 50 I!.( 500 MA

N o Fu se

325

~

J

HI GH
V O LTAGE

}

LO W
V O L T AG E

CO O L - O nly 25 ° C Rise
Q UIET - N o H,uh o r Aud ib le No ise Ge ne rated
TO TA LLY EN C LOSE D N o Vent ilatio n Req uir ed
REl iA BLE Indestru ct ib le in N o rm a l Ap p lic a t io ns
REV ER SE PO LAR ITY PR O OF
PATENTED CI RCUI TRY - Pat ents App li ed f or on a
Com pl e tel y N ew, Impr o ved Te chn ique

BI AS · 0- 1 20 NEG A TIVE (1/ 20 M A
R EGUL AT ION . BETTER T H A N 8 ',;
NO LO AD T O F U LL L OA D

FA ST STARTI NG -

OR W RITE F OR F U RTHE R

In Col d est Cli mates

2 85

(fl

200 MA

250

C"n rinll i,,1o: in Prod uct ion A re The
I'or>u br :J'Hl. 12 and ,J')O. A C M "d ~1 5
A VAILABL E THR O U GH Y O U R D EALER

6 05

I N F O R M A TI O N

UN IVERSI TY

A VEN U E

LOS GATOS . CA LI FOR N I A

is dep ressed the power supp ly should start
operatin g immediately and a h igh pitch hum
should b e heard.
Xl ake a voltage check with a VTV~ I or
VO ~ [ at the output of the power sup ply (600V,
300V and - P OV) . The voltages should also
check on the front panel meter.
Adjust the slug of coil L l for maximum grid
bias on th e 5763. The slug of coil L2 is then
adjusted also for maximum bi as on th e 6 146
a nd the drive control is advanced slowly u nt il
the grid current of the 6146 reaches 3 ma as
indicated on the front panel meter. A \'TV~I
is necessary for the measurements of grid bias
to p rovid e an accu ra te ad justment of LI and
L2.
Place the spot!opera te switch to the opera te
position , co nnect a dumm y load (60 wa tt s
light bulb ) to the antenna jack. Depress the
PTT switch and proceed loading the 6 146 in
the usual man ner. T he light bulb should glow
near normal brilliance wh en the plate current
reaches approximately 100 rna on the front
pan el meter. The drive control is then read justed for a read ing of 3 rna.
Press the PIT switch and . while speaking
into the microphone, advance the gain control
slowly until the brillian ce of tbe light bulb in
APRI L 1964

the output varies with audio peaks. T he mod ulation q uali ty may th en b e checked by listening to th e shuck receiver with a pair of ea rphones.
Conclusions
The results obtained with this little jewel
are amazing. On the night it was compl eted .
lIsing a p iece of wi re some ] 5 feet long (most
of it was lyin g a ll th e basement floor ) as all
an ten na, I got a 5 by 7 report from a sta tion
150 miles away when all I was looking fo r was
a report from a loca l station on my audio.
when connected in the car to the whip an tenna, the results were also excellent and lived
up to my m ost exact ing expectations.

. . . VEli e

•

47

•

Push Button
Control
Dale Cackle K5J IC/ I
50 Ba rre tt Street
Needham 9 2, Mass.

H ow would you like your transmitter control
circui try to be controlled by a single pushbutton? Push the but ton and. p resto, B plus, plus
it again, and back to sta ndby. How would yo u
like your tran sm itter control circuitry to au tomatically prevent reappli cati on of B plus
through those cold m ercury vapo r rectifier
tubes upon resumption of power after a power
failure or blown fuse? H ow would you like this
same circuitry to mute the receiver and switch
the antenna relay automatically just before the
B plus is applied to the transmitter. and to reactivate the receiver and release the antenna
relay after the B plus is removed from the
transmit ter? I reitera te, all con trolled b y a single pushbutton ; push it once to go from receive
condi tion to transmit cond itio n, and push it
again to return to receive condi tion. All this is
just one of many applications of the sequen tial
switching circuit whose discussion follows.
First, let's completely discuss the circuit and
its output options in general terms in order to
give the experimenters the whole story to enable them to dream up their own applications,
and for genera l edification.
F ig. l ao is a functional d iagram of the circu it.
T he capacitor looking d ouble p arallel lines indicat e normally open contacts, and th e single
lines are no rmally closed contacts. The Idcnti-

•

,,2•

I-

",

Ry~

"

-

,,2

s

•

•

•
..L

c

b

FIGU RE

48

I

fying letters indicate on which switch or relay
the contacts are "built" (the p rime no ta tion on
an identifying letter also indicates no rmally
closed contacts). I n this circu it the Sand S'
indicate cont acts on the pushbutton, th e HI
and R I ' indicate contacts on RyI , and R2 indicates contacts on By 2. Fig. lb. is th e schematic representation of the same circuit. Fig.
1 ind icates no contacts associated with controlling the load 's power loop . These contacts merit special mention which is made further along in the article.
A study of chart 1 tens us what happens in
Fig. 1 as we operate and release S. Each condition has been assigned a step number to
which future references will be made.
CHART I

"•a.

-

on

-•

'0

•,a

a.

0

I

'0

••a
••
cc

-••

'0

,a
a.

0

X

2
3

X

4

X

5

Ry I

5

X

X

X

X

Ry 2

'0

••a
•
•

'"

X
X

X

-••

'0

,a
a.
0

X
X

'0

••
•
•
0

'"X

X

X

Step 1 is the off cond ition (and the initial
cond ition taken upon availab ility of p ower to
operate the circuit ) .
Step 2 occurs when S is depressed during a
step 1 period. Ry 2 becomes activa ted during
step 2.
Step 3 occurs when S is released during a
step 2 period. Ry 1 operates during step 3.
Step 4 occurs when S is depressed during a
step 3 period. Ry 2 releases during step 4 .
Step 5 occurs when S is released d uring a
step 4 period. Ry 1 releases d uri ng step 5.
Actually steps 1 and 5 are identical if we say
that step one is the condition achieved upon
availability of p ower to operate the circuit or
condition achieved upon release of S during a
step 4 period.
73 MAGAZINE

THE DAYTON AMATEUR RADIO ASSOCIATION
Cordially Invites You To Attend
THE 13th ANNUAL

SATURDAY, APRIL 25, 1964
WAMPLER'S BALLARENA
Dayton , Ohio

• Exhibits

• Technical Sessions

• Forums-OX, VHF, SSB,
RTIY, ARRL, MARS

• Awards

• FCC Exams

• Women's Activities

Send name and address to:
DAYTON HAMVENTION
P.O. BOX 426
DAYTON, OHIO

45401

for attractive brochure, map, and list of accomodations.
APRIL 1964

4.

•

,L..
Ry 2 Fe,
Ry I For

,

L..

Sl.~
Ste~

,

2 8"3 0111
3 So 4 ON

2 So ;, ON
Ry I For Slep 3 So 4 ON
Ry 2 Fo r S lep

b

FIGURE

2

Xow we call talk abo ut controlling power to
a load . T here are seven possibilities with respect to 0:-\ periods assuming that steps 1 and
;3 are OFF periods. The seven possibilities are:
1) Steps 2 and 3
2 ) Steps 3 and 4
3 ) Steps 2, 3 and 4
4 ) Step 3
5) Step 2
6 ) Step 4
7 ) Steps 2 and 4
Below is discussed each of the seven possibi lities in order of simp licity. Although some of the
possibilit ies may not seem important to most of
us, th ey merit mention at least to mention the
versatihtv of such circuits and to furnish more
food for thought to the homebrewers and
tinkerers who follow thi s publication for new
ideas.
The simples t outputs to achieve occur during
ste ps 2 and 3 an d during steps 3 and 4 . Ch art
1 tells us that By 2 is operated during steps
2 and 3, and Ry 1 is operated during steps 3
1Il-J 4. Simply b y using a set of normally open
c .ntr.cts on Ry 2 or Ry 1 in series with the
lo:-. ~. :> power 10 ~p, the load can be turn ed on
during steps 2 and 3 or during steps 3 and -t
respectively (see F ig. 2a ) . As an alte rnative, if
the switchi ng circuit's switch, relay contacts,
an d associated wiring ca n handle th e load 's
power requirem ents, power for the load may be
taken from across th e relay wind ing (5 ) (see
Fig. 2b .) .
To atta in outputs d uring steps 2, 3 and 4 we
mu st, as th e logic circuit engineers would say.
"O R" Ry 1 and Ry 2. This means tha t we attain
an output if Ry 1 and/or Ry 2 is operated. T o
accomplish this we need a set of normally open
contacts on Ry 1 and Ry 2 connected in p ara llel. This contact arrangement, in series with
the load 's p ower loop, wil! tum the load 0:":
during steps 2, 3 and 4 (see F ig. 3 ) .
If we d esire an output only during step 3 we
must, as th e logic term "AND" implies, place
a set of normally open contacts on By 1 and
By :) in series, T his combina tion of contacts, in
series with the :...ad's power loop will result in
50

tb e load being 0 :'\ only during step 3 (see FIg.
4).
For output only during step :) . or only during
step 4, requires a norm any closed set of contacts on one relay in series with a .ormally
open set of cont;cts on the other relay, this
combina tion in series with the load's power
loop. To attain outp ut only du rin g step 2, th e
no rmall y open contacts cre on Hy 2 and the
normall y closed con tacts are on By 1. The con verse hold s for output only durin g step 4 (sec
Fig. 5 ) .
To attain output only during steps 2 a nd 4
is the most complex of the seven possibilities.
A tran sfer set, commonly called double throw
contac ts, is required on each relay. The norma ll y OFF sides of each are connected to
th e normally O:N sides of the other. T he corn mon contacts of each are the two t erminals
used in putting th is contact comb in ation in
seri es with the load 's power loop (see F ig. 6 ).
Xaturnlly, more than one of th e seven possib ilities can be "b uil t up" on th e two rela ys.
The transmitter control examp le at the b eginning of this art icle is a case where we want
the B pl us O :\' during step 3, and the antenna
relay operated and receiver muted during steps
2, 3 and 4.
If vou cannot come up with a pus hbutton
from vonr juukhox with th e necessary contact
arrangement, you may lise a relay with th e
ncccssurv contacts ill lieu of th e pushbutton
(S) and lise a simple doorbell type pushbutton
to opera te th e relay. This conflgurntion also
permits control fro m more than one location
by putti ng add itiona l pushhuttons in parallel

,

•

•

•

,L..

,L..

L..

L..

•

•

,j}
.!T

.!T

f or S l" pt 2,:564 ON

FIGU RE

,

For S I. p :5 ON

FIGURE

3

,

,

,L..

,L..

RJ}

Rj}

''=-

4

•

•

,L..

L..

•

L

t,

T

Fo' S l. p 2 ON

For SI.pl 2 8 " ON

(RUI' ". Ry 2. A" d R11 Contoc ts
In Lood Loop For St"p 4 ON)

F IGU R E

5

F I G UR E

6

73 MAGAZINE

with the first ( or the push-to-talk control all
the transmitter mike that wouldn't have to b e
held U O\\'I1 during the transmission ) .
At this point yo u may be asking yourself ,
"Why d oesn't th at guy go out and bu y a multiposition relay?" ' Ve il, I do the most with what's
in my [uukbox before spend ing a cent.
A word of caution : make su re that the contacts on th e switch and relay contacts can
ca rry the current and h ave necessary insulation
from adjacent contacts in yo ur application 01
any sequen tial switch ing circuit.
There it is fellows, a seq uential switching
ci rcuit th at has many uses around th e shack.
Have fu n with it and let our honorable editor
or me know if you wan t some more info on
more complex ( and more versa tile ) sequential
switching circuits . One I'd like to do for this
publicati on is "Dial-Ac'Tenn n": using a telephone dial mechani sm to select an a ntenna.
How about it?
Armed Forces Day : May 16
Here's yo ur once a year opportunity to get a
QSL from a non -ham station and to get a certifica te for copyi ng a message at 25 w pm . An
RITY message will be sent too for the RITY
gang. General contacts will be mad e fro m
WAII/ I\SS/AIR in D . C . from 161 400 to
1702-4.5 C ~ I T . N rC in San F rancisco from
161800 to 1.0800 G ~ I T . W AR : 400 1.5 CW ,
4020 A~I, 6992.,5 CW, .325 CW to phon e,
1440,5 SSB . l\'SS: 3365 C W ( working 3.5·3.65
me) , 401.5 CW ( working 3. 65-3.8 me ) , 697D
CW ( working 7.D·7.1 me ) , 7301 CW (work.
ing 7.1-7 .2 me ) , 4040 AM ( working 75 &
40~ 1 ) , 14385 SSB, 40 12.5 RTTY, 738 D RTTY ,
14480 RTTY. :\ PG : 3357 CW (working 3.5·
3.65 me ) , 400., C W ( working 3.6.5-3.8 me ) ,
6835 CW ( working ' .D-' .I me ), 73D1.5 CW
( working 7.1·• .2 me), 1392D CW, 4045 A~I ,
13975 .5 SSB, 4001.5 RITY , 73.5 liTTY, AIR:
339• .5 CW, 6997.5 CW , 1399,5 CW , 2099·1
CW , n O,5 SSB, 1439. SSB , 7332 RTTY.
The C' V receiving contest is at 170300
G ~ [ T. WAII / 0:SS /A Il\ on 3:347, 3,38.5, 401.5,
.52DD, 697D, 6mJ2 ,5 , vaoi, 768D, 13mJ,5 , 144D.5.
A6 USA San Francisco on 6997 ..~. ;'I\PG San
Fran cisco on 400,3, 7301.5 , 13920. A G6:\A
Californ ia on 7832.5 .
The HTTY receiving con test is at 1703 3.~
G ~ I T.
WAR/NSS/AIR on 14480, 3347,
401 2.5, 6992.5, 7305, 7380, 14405. A5 USA
in Texas on 4025 . AC4AA in T exas on 4455.
A6 USA in Calif. on 6997..5. A6GAA in Ca li f.
on 7832.5 NrC in Calif. 0 11 4001.5, 7455,
1389.5.
Send all logs as received to : Room 5B960,
Pen tagon , W ash ., D . C . Inclu de time, frequen cy, call sign of station copied, your name,
call, and address on page cont aining text.
APRIL 196 4

GET YOUR NEW

SWAN
SW-240

NOW!

Te rry Ste rma n,
W9DIA

low Month ly Pa yme nts

ONLY $11.47

3 YEARS TO PAY-ONLY $5 DOWN
Terrific Trades on Sing le
Band Swans - O r ANY GEAR!
Here's all you pay each month afte r $5 Down Payment
3 Years
Ham Net
$11. 57
. .. $320.00
SW 240
3 .97
SW 12 DC Powe r Supply
.. 115.00
3.25
SW 117 AC Power Sup ply
95.00

GOOD NEWS FOR SERVI CEMEN
18, 19, 20 years o ld
Norm a lly we can oHer financ ing only to person s 21 yea rs
of age o r older. Ho....eve r, if you are 18, 19. or 20 years
o ld and in the se rvice . have g ood cred it relations and
c a n pay 20% do....n. .... e can a ft e r you our financing p lan .

AMATEUR
ELECTRONIC
SUPPLY
3832 We st li sb on Avenue
MILWAUKEE S, WISCONSIN · WEst 3·3262
VISIT OR PH ONE-do not write- our bra nc h st ores
(t hey have no mai l orde r fa ci lities)
CH ICAGO 31 . ILL.
64 :;0 Mi lwJ lIku Ave .
ROdn ey 3 · \ 030

I

OR LANDO. FLORIDA
19 Azal n P a r k Sh. Cente r
Ph one 221·823 1

- - - - !-Be- s lire- -t o n- "d- " II- mail
- -or ders
- - - _.I
•I'" - - - IMPORTANT
ari d Inouirl" t o MILWAUKEE STORE. Dept. 1
I
I 3832 WEST LISBON AVENUE. MilWAUKEE 8. WI S C. I
I ~hltl me
I
I I eoercse f. . .
; I will pa,. t he balance I
I
0 c.o.n
0 ) Yl'~ r
0 ~ )'t' an
0 3 )'ea n
I
I I want to b uy
and wan t to tra lle
I
I
' ..
What' g )'lJllr d ~ . 1T
I
I x ame .. .. . . .. . . ....... ....... .. .. .. .... . . . • . . . . . . .. . .• • I
Address

I
I

C it y

0

•.•••.• .....•• . • . . . • . . . . .. , ;0;0 110:>

.
..• . Stat<·

:-;"IU! r ",,"\, lll lolH',1 "" u lpllw lll a nd ~a l e h ulletl n

. •.

. ..•

. _-------------------~

I
I
51

Waveguide Simplified
Jim Kyle K5JKX
1236 N.E. 44th St.
Oklahoma City, Ok la .

\Vith the present emphasis on U H F, the
region of the future, many of us are scra tch ing ou r head s in wonder at the strange types
of circuit components we'll have to deal with.
Xot the least perplexing by any means is waveguide, the U HF man's answer to cable losses.
How the di ckens can a hollow p ipe carry rf
anyw here?
Few of the available reference books prove
to be of any help , either, unless you happen
to be an electrical engineer well versed in th e
solution of partial differential equations and
highly familiar with Maxwell' 5 equations-and
in th at case, you wouldn't have been asking
anyway. \ Vhich leaves the rest of us in the
dark.
At the risk of insulting the engineers among
us, and quite possibly of oversimplifying th ings
a bit here and there (although we'll try not
to ). we're taking this stab at explaining accurately just how waveguide works. Along the
way, we'll examine the p osibilities of making
our own.
To start, though, we must point out a couple of ideas which are pretty well entrenched
but are not how waveguide works. One of

F I G U RE

I

FIGU R E

2

Relationsh ips of E a nd M fields
X-ray view inside coa x sho wing field rela t ionships
52

them starts out wi th the idea that rf reflects
from a smooth cond ucting su rface, and builds
this up to the p icture of myri ad s of reflections
as the U H F wave bounces its way down the
guid e, reeling from side to side like a Satu rday
night celebrant. I t's a credible enough visualization, with only one major flaw. It's fa lse .
O n the other hand, you may have imagined
the evolution of waveguide a s a sort of u lti mat e extension of the shorted quarter-wave
line. You know of course that a shorted line
reflects an open circuit at the unshorted end if
h appens to be a quarte r wave lon g; it's a simple step from that to stackin g millions of th ese
shorted lin es one on top of the other to form
a Ll-shaped channel, then inverting an identical
channel over the top to come up with a waveguide.
Th is one is closer to the truth but is still
oversimplified to the point that it makes actual
comprehension of waveguide mechanics difficult. Let's wipe both of these pictures out and
start with a different tack. Let's go h ack to
ordinary SO-meter antennas.
If you've read up any on the way an antenna works you may remember that any electrom agn etic energy go ing anywhere, whether
in a coax cable or in free space, is made up of
two interl ocked fields which are always at
right angles to each other. One of these is
called the electric or E field, while the other
is the magnetic or M field. Like love and marriage ( in the song at least) "you can't have
one wi thout the othe r."
The E field corresponds to a voltage p otential, while the :M field is th e result of current flow. Now let's take a detailed look at the
way these fields sho w up in ordinary ac, keeping in mind that while we'll talk abou t only
one at a time, both are always present.
73 MACAZINE

,

1

•

I: I I I

1II I I I l i lll1 1

SERVICE TESTED
from
EQUIPMENT

HERE IS A PARTIAL LIST OF OUR QUALITY RECONDITIONED HAM GEAR, FULLY GUARANTEED,
AND SHIPPED PREPAID WITHIN THE CONTINENTAL U. S. WITH CASH ORDERS.
$ 29.00
Ame co Nuvist or 6Mt r Conv. 7-11Mc If ..
279.00
B & W 5100 W/ 5I SB SSB Generator . .
75.00
CDR Ham-M Rot or ..... . .... - - ... - .
.... ..
119.00
Central Electr onics 20A SSB excite r & QT·I
38.00
Central Elect ronics GC-1 compression ampl . .
129 .00
Collins 32VI Tra nsmitter .. .. .. .
159 .00
Collins 32V2 Transmitter
. .
79.00
Collins 310C VfO
. .
359.00
.
Colli ns 7551 Receiver
579.00
Collins 7553 Re ceiv er
. . . . . . .. ..
459.00
Coll ins 32 S1 Transmitter
.
849.50
Collins KWM2 Transceiver (near new)
695.00
Coll ins 62S1 6 & 2 Converter .. .. . ..
149.00
Collins 312B4 Spkr. Console
.
199 .00
Drake 2-A Re ceiver .... . .. . .
219.00
Drake 2-B Receiver
. . .. .
.
29.00
Drake 2-BO O·Mul t ·Spkr
-.
59 .00
Elmac Af-6 7 Transmitt er
,.. .
.
139 .00
Hmac AF·68 Tran smitter
,
39.50
Elmac PMR-6A Receiver & DC Supply
.
69.00
.
.
Elmac PMR-7 Receiver ..
49 .00
,. ,
Elmac M· I070 Power supply
79 .00
Gonset G66 Rece iver W/3 -way supply .. . . .
89.00
Gonset G-66B Receiver W/3-way supply ..
99.50
Gonset G-77A Transmitter W/ P.5./Mod.
109.00
Gonset Commu nicator II 6 Meters
.....
159.00
Gonset Communi cator ti l 6 Mete rs ..
Gonset Communicator IV 6 Mete rs . . .. .
. 199.00
Gonset Commu ni cat or IV 2 Meters
. 239.00
69.00
. .
Gonset G·76 DC Power Supply
Gonset G-76 Transceiver
. ..
. - .. .. . - 219.00
239.00
Gonset GSB-I OO Transmitter
.
39 .00
Hallicrafters HA-4 Electronic Keyer
. . . . . ."
Hallicraft ers HT·32A 5SB Transmitter ..
.
. 399.00
Halllcrafter s HT·32B (near new)
.
- . 529.00
325. 00
uarucratters HT-33 l inear Ampl ifier
.
329 .00
.
Hallicrafter s HT·37 SSB Transmitter
79.00
Hall icrafters HT-40K Transmitter (Brand new)
89.00
Hallicraft er s SX·71 Receiver ..
.
.

'"THE STORE OPERATED BY HAMS FOR HAMS'"
K6l0S, K6GCD, K6D XD, K6EF, Kl SFQ, K6HAA

MISSION HAM
SUPPLIES
3316 Main Street
Riverside 3, California 925Dl
Phone 683-D523 (area code 714)

-

Hallicrafters
Hall icrafters
Hallicrafters
Hallicrafters
Hammarlund

SX-99 Receiver _. . . .
.
SX·I0IA Rece iver
SX· 111 Rece iver .. _. . .
SX-1l7 Receiver
_
HQ·lOOC Receive r
. .. - . . ..
Hammarlund HQ-llOe Receiver .. .. .. . ..

.

.
.

.
.

Hammarlund HQ· 170C Rec eiver ..
.
.
..
. .
Hammarlund HQ-18OC Rece iv er
Hammarlund HX-50 SSB Transmitter (Demo)
.
Heath VF-1 fVO
.. ........
. . .. .
Heat h DX-20 Transmitter
.
.
.
Heat h DX·35 Transmitter
Heath DX-40 Transmitter
.
Heath DX-l(XJ Transmitter .
.
.
.
Heat h Marauder SSB Tran smitter . .
Heath Warrior 1 KW Linear (like new)
..
Johnson Adventurer Transmitt er . .
.
.
Johnson Challenger Transmitter
.
Johnson 275W Mat chbox
.
.
'.
.
.
Johnson Ranger
Joh nson Invader "2000" (near new)
.
Johnson Vali ant Transmitter . ,..
.
.
Johnson Viki ng I I Transmitter
, .. ,
Johnson Vik ing 500 Transmitt er
,
, ..
Johnson Mobile
.... .
.
.
Johnson 6 N 2 Thu nderbolt (near new)
Joh nson 6 N 2 Transmi tt er
.,
.. .
.
Joh nson Pacemaker SSB Transmitter
.
National HRO-60 W/5 Coils. (Xlnt. Cond.) - _. . ..
Nat ional NC·173 Recei ver . .
_
.
National NC·98 Receiver . .
.
.
National NC-270 Rece iver (Brand new)
.
RM E 6900 Receiver
RME DB-23 Preselect or
-.
. .. .
Swan SW·I-40 -4D-Mtr Transceiver
Swan SW- 17S 75-Mtr Transceiver
. . . ...
Topaz DC supply
.....
..
Swan Heath AC supply
..
.
.

r---------------I Mission Ham Supplies

59.00
79.00
229.00
159.00

295.00

1 19.00
139.00
21 9.00
319.00
299.0 0

12.00
24.00

34.00
39.00
99 .00
319.00
209.00
29.00
59.00
32.00
119.00
795.00
219.0 0
9UlO
375.00
39.00
475.00
99.00
199 .00
279.00
89.00
79.00
179 .00
219.00
2 7.00
159.00
169.00
49.00
39.00

I

13316 Main Street, Riverside 3, Calif. 92501

I
1

I Attn :

I

1

Bill Hul1qui st , K6l0S Ship me th e f ollowing :

1

I
I
I $ _.. . enclosed. Cash orders prepaid within
I States.
I Name
PLEASE PRINT
I
I Address
I City
zone
10 Put me on your mai l ing list.
1

A PRI L 1964

Hallicralters S-85 Receiver

cont inental

St at e

I
I
United I
I
I
I
I
I

~

-----------------

53

•

to the conductor at all times. If we represent
the E field's direction of action by a solid arrow and the :\1 field's direction by a dotted
arrow, then Fig. I is a pictorial representation
of the situation in free space while Fig. 2
shows us what goes on in side a coaxial cable,
for in stance.

And any time that both the fields are at
righ t angles to the cond uctor while they're at

right angles to each other as well (l ike the

FIG URE
3
TM Wove in waveguide

By the d efinition of the animal,

a ll alt er-

uat ing current is one whi ch flow s in one direction for a while. then reverses itself and
flows back the other way. Quite naturally, the
coltage connected w ith thi s current rises to a
peak, drops b ack th rough zero. and reaches
an opposite-polarity peak , follow ing the same
cycle.
And it's alm ost insulting to remind you th at
this doesn't happen si m ulta neously at every
point along a wire-when the voltage, for example, is at a positive p eak at p oint A, then
a half-wavelength down the w ire it's at a negative peak, and halfway between ( or a q uarterwave away ) it's at a value of zero.
All thi s, of course, is the b asis of m ost of
our presen t-day antenna theory. If we make
a wire exactly half a wave lon g, we force the
curren t to be nearly zero at each end. This ill
tum mak es the voltage low and the cur re nt
high near the cen ter, and so we can fe ed the
•
wife.
Let's refer to the zero points as null s; then
we can say accurately that in an ord inary w ire
ca rrying an alternating cu rren t we find a succession of peaks and nulls of both voltage and
current, and that these nulls in particular are
se para ted b y a d efinite amoun t of space at an y
given in stant.
Now let's go back and pick lip the statement that an E field corresp onds to a voltage
potential while an M field. results from current flow ( it would be every bit as accurate
to reverse cause and effect in this statemen t
and say th at an E field causes a voltage potential while an :\1 fi eld caus es a current flow
- isn't this precisely what happen s in a receiving antenna? ) .
In an ord inary wire-line or two-wire svs tem
such as we're fam iliar with at lower fre~luen­
des, both the E and M fields associated with
o ur electromagnetic energy are at right angles
54

com er of a cu be ), the conve ntional concep ts
of voltage and cu rren t apply nicely.
H owever, let's assume that we lau nch our
pa ir of fields into some space which is not
quite free. T o be specific, let's laun ch them
into a confined sp ace which exten d s ind efi nitely
in one d irection but which is su rrou nd ed in
a ll other directions by a conducting su rface.
T he inside of an infinitely long pipe would
be one such example; to make things easier,
though, let's visualize it as a rectangular pipe.
Xow if the frequen cy of our wave happens
to be such that any two nulls in eit her of the
two fields can touch the conducting w all at
the same instant. the wave will "Jay over" so
that the nulls involved do just that and will
remain in that position. Fig. 3 shows what
hap pens if a pai r of the ~ I-field nu lls happen
to coincide with the walls of the tube. T he
Ecfield now points down th e direct ion of the
axis of the tube, while the Xl-field is transve rse ( eng ineeringese for cross-wise ), and the
resulting config uration is know n as a Transverse-M or simply TM wave.
A bit of simple arithmetic will show that
the lowest frequency at which thi s can happen
in a pipe of given size will be the one at
which the two widest-spaced sides are just a
half-wave apart, since nulls occu r only once
every half w av elen gth. However, there will be

no upper limit! The second. third, fourth, fifth,
etc., all the way
to infinit ieth harmonics of
,
thi s frequen cy will also find the sa me happy
circumstance that two of their nulls coincid e

with the walls of th e guide. Th is is what the
hooks mean wh en they say that a waveguide
has an infinite number of modes. They do not
m ean that it will always su p por t all of these
modes at once.
We h ave just exam ined the T~I wave ; in
exactly sim ilar fa shion , the nulls in the Efield
can coincide w ith the walls, giving us a TE
wave with the magneti c field projecting d own
the axis of the guide . This is diagrammed in

Fig. 4.
The choice of whether you have a TE wave
or a T:\I wave in a guide depends p rimarily
upon how you feed the energy into the guid e
73 MACAZIN E

F I G URE 4
TE Wave in waveg uide

in the fi rst place, since it is obvious by the
nature of th e beast that any guide capable of
sup porting a TM m od e will a lso sup port the
corresponding T E mod e .
If you couple in ind uctively, with a loop,
after the fashion of a low-fr equency cou pling
link, you will p robably get TE w aves. On the
other hand, capacitive coupling with a probe
is more likely to gi ve you TM m odes in the
guide. Cavity coup ling can give you either.
depending on the position in both the cavity
and gu ide where the coup ling is m ade-but
that's something a bit deep to get into right at
this point.
One more point before w e get into the question of d o-it-you rself waveguide-and that's the
effect of "discont inu ities" in the guide.
Since the effective propagation of energy
down a wavegu ide dep ends critically on the
distance between tw o parallel w alls of a rectangul ar guide ( we'll get into circular guide
later ). it should be obvious that any variation
in th is distance w ill ha ve some effect. Carried
to extremes, this w ould indicate that variations
in spacing of 0.00000 I inch might b e h armful
-and if the frequency is high enough, they
certain ly wou ld, since that distance m ight
represent a qu arter-w avelength!
F or professional use , the dim ension s are
usually controlled to 0.001 inch. Larger variation s \ViII certa inly introdu ce some reflections
and subseq uent losses, but it's d iffi cul t to say
just where the line should be drawn for amateur use .
An important thin g to remember, though,
is that a g radual change of dim en sion is not
nearl y so harmful as a n abrupt change. The
abru p t change usuall y sets u p a local stand ing-wave pattern ( in microwave tenninoIogy,
it «excites a number of higher-order modes" )
which results in b ad S'VR a nd excessive power
56

loss throughou t th e system . Any dent, for instance, w hich yo u can see is probably too big !
Now to some practical material on our subject. As you have seen, a w aveg uide ha s no
upper-frequency limit. H owever , bv
. careful
cho ice of guide dimensions, you make it ensv
to excite in only one mode and d ifficult to
feed in any other-and this is the normal wav
the p roblem is handl ed .
.
If a rectangular gu ide is made wider than
a h alf-w ave, but less than a full wave in
wid th , th en only the d ominant mode ( the case
where only tw o null s exist in the transverse
field , and both coincid e wi th the guid e wall )
can be carried.
T o avoid simu lta neous exci ta tion of another
mode involving th e top and bottom of the
guide , the inside height of the guide is usuall y
made approxim ately one half th e w id th . This
prevents any vertical mode from being sup ported.
The restrictions on width automatically mean
that a guide of given size is no rmally used
w ithin only a 2-to- l frequency range even
though it ca n ca rry energy up to mu ch higher
frequencies. Additi onal considerations of attenuation and the possibility of accidental excitation of unw anted modes, with resulting
undesired coupling out of the g uid e, make the
actual restriction even narrower: maxim um
operating wavelength is usu ally taken a s l.65
times the inside w id th of the guide, while
minimum wavelength is about l.05 times inside width.
To put it into megacycles, a 1.338 inch high
by 2. 833 inch w ide ( inside d imensions of l ~x3
guide w ith 0.081 inch thick walls ) is recommended for the frequency range 2 ,540 to
3,950 me . For the next skip , from 2,540 to
6,000 me, dimensions are 0.838 high by 1.838
wide ( l x2 o.d. ). The sometimes-ob tainable
%x l ~ inch gu ide is used fro m 5, 250 to 8,150
me, while Mxl inch gu ide covers 8, 100 to
12,500 me.
The fi G-numbe rs for the guid es described
in the preceding paragraphs are, respectively,
RG 48/U or 75/ U; no 49 /U; RG 50/U; and
RG 52/ U or 67/ U. RG 48 and 5 2 are b rass,
wh ile 75 and 67 are aluminum.
So how about circular wavegu ide, as p romised?
The exact d escription of how it works requires pages of complicated mathematics a nd
so it will be skipped; in essence it amou nts to
the same thing.
In p ractice, rectangular gu ide is easier to
work w ith . H ow ever, cop per and b rass pipe
and tubing are somew hat more available to
73 MAGAZINE

MAKE NEWARK YOUR HEADQUARTERS FOR ALL HALLICRAFTERS' GEAR

HALLICRAFTER SR-l50

Mobile Transceiver

$650.00

HALLICRAFTER SX-111

Receiver

$295.00

-

HALLICRAFTER HT-44

Transmitter

$395.00

Write-Call orvisit our Ham Shack I
NEWARK ELECTRONICS CORPORATION
DEPT. 732
for personal friendly service.
223 W. MADISON ST.
•
CHICAGO, ILLINOIS 60606

• Complete Stocks
• Best trade-in Allowances
• Lowest Prices

, UEWARK
L E CTRONI C S
CO R PO R A T IO N

APR I L 1964

our

o Send FREE 628 page 1964 Catalog
o Send Current Used Equipment Listings
Name

_

Address,

_

43rd
year

Cily

State

ceee

_

----------------------------------------55

Yes, OM: Don't you agree that " IT'S AM AZING" the
way we at Burghardt's turn up one good
deal after another-month in and month
out. Our Ham Business was never better.
We are far from being the biggest but we
are sure mighty proud to be the best all
around ham supplier in the business today.
This month we've really put the prices
through the meat grinder again. Just look
for yourself and you'll see what we mean.
If you haven't already done so, why not
give us a try today?

73
Stan Burghardt W0BJV

T HES E PRICES ARE CASH -- NO TRADE
B&W 5100B/51SB AM/CW/SSB tran smitter . .
Colli ns KWS/1 KW transmitter, SSB 80·10
meters
.
..
Collins 35102 KWM·2 mobile mount . .. . .

Drake IA receiver . . . .

.....

$219
595
49

139

Drake 2A recei ver
. . . .. ..
Drake 2AC Crystal calibrator . .
..
Eico ?60W factory wired CB transceiver,
11 7 vac, NEW
... . . . . . . .... . .
Elmac AF67 tran smitter
..,........
Globe 755 VFO . .
. . . . . . . .. . .
Gonset G·66 receiver & 12v supply
..
Gonset G·66B receive r & 3 way supply .. ..
Gonset G·77 AM/CW tran sceive r & 3350 de
supply
.
. . . . . ..
Gonset GSB-1 00 SSB exciter . . ..
Gonset GSB-101 KW linear ...
.
Hallicrafte rs HA-2 2 meter transverter
w/ P·26 p.s. ..
. .. .. .... .
....
Hall icrafters HA-8 splatter guard
Hallicrafters HT·32A SSB transm itter
Hallicrafters HT·37 transm itter ..
.

275
15
329
299

Hallicrafters $--76 receiver
. . . .. _.
Halflcratters 5-102 2 mete r receiver .. ..

69
22

PACKAGE I
Gonset
Gonset
Gonset
Gonset

Mobi le /fixe d Stat ion
G-66 B receiver
G· 77A t ransm itter
3 way su pply

$179 cash

169
10
49
69
29
59
69
229
225
179

Hall ierafters S·11 9 re ceiver, NEW ..... . .

29

Halli crafters SR·150 tran sceiver w/ P-I50 ac,
P· ISO de supplies and mobile mount

599

Hallicra fters SX·25 receive r w/speaker
Hallierafters SX·IOI Mark 3A recei ver .
Ha Jlicrafters SX·l11 receiver .. ,. . . .. ..
Hallierafters SX·1 4o-K receiver kit, NEW . ..
Heath Hp·lO de power supply ..
.. .
Johnson Valiant transmitter .. ..
..
Johnson Va liant II, tran smitter, factory wi red,
exc unit
.. ..
Johnson Ranger I transmitter .
Johnson Viking I transmitter . . .
Johnson Viking /I transmitter . .
Johnson Viking Invader 2000
Johnson 250·38/ 250·39 SWR equipment ..
.. .. ..
Johnson 250·39 TR switch
National NC·300 recei ver wyspeeker ...
National NC·300 converter cabinet w/ 6 &
2 meter converters
." .. .
P & H LA-400-C linear amplifier . .. . . . .
Swan SW-120 tran sce iver ..
..
Swan SW·1 75 transcei ver . . . . . . . . . . ... ..

PACKAGE II

49
189
149
69
25

189
350
135
59
99
695
19
19
179

59
11 9

139
159

PACKAGE III

Elmae Mobile l f ixed Station
El mae PMR-8 receive r
El mae Af-68 transmitte r
Elmac M-I 070 3 way supply

Nat ional sse Stat ion
NCX·3 transceiver
NCX-A ae su pply and speaker
NCX-D 12v de and mount ing
rack
Or iginally $598.50

$199 cash

$449.00 cash

Prices are cash. All subject to price sale.
LOOKING FOR NEW GEAR? We feature all the really goad ones. For
insta nce CLEGG, COLLINS, DRAKE, HALLICRAFTERS, HAMMARLUND,
HYGAIN , NATIONAL, SSE and SWAN. TRADES and TIME PAYMENTS?
SURE BOTH ! ASK for brochures, prices quotes an any of them . Also request our latest bulletin of top quality, fully reconditioned and guaranteed
used gea r.

AMERICA'S MOST RELIABLE DEALER
PHONE

BOX 37A. WATERTOWN . SOUTH DAKOTA

Area Code 6 0S
886- 5749

APRIL 1964

57

eager UHF experimenters than is surplus rectan gular waveguide.
One major differen ce between circular and
recta ngu lar waveguide is that circular guide
is recommended Dilly for a narrow frequency
range as compared to th e rectan gul ar ve rsion. The followin g cha rt lists th e di ameters
of circular guide recommend ed for various
freq uencies:
Outside Diameter

3 in .
2 5/ 8
2 V4
2
1%
1 V2
13/8
1 Va
1
jiB

Wa ll

0.065
.0 6 5
.06 5
.065
.065
.04 2
.065
.032
.0 32
.0 35

Freq ue ncy Ra nge
(Mel
In .

2750-3 130
3130-36 10
3710-4230
4170 -4840
484 0 -5500
5550-6380
6250-7230
7230- 8330
8330-9680
9680 -1 1, 100

. .. K5JKX

New Ones
from

Old Ones
William Eng li sh W5 FU P
114 Littl e John Rd .
EI Pa so 24 , T exa s

In this age of the 22 tube super-sniffer receiver offe ring the near-ult imate in selectivity
and sensitivity, man y of our cohorts are ove rlooking th e possibilities of some of the least expensive and most satisfactory communica tions
receivers available today. These units are the
older receivers currently available on the used
equipment ma rket for a nom inal price. After
all, it hasn't been too many years since the SX25 was considered a prime piece of used gear
and the HQ-129X and S-40 were the latest
things out. Do you remember th e Howard receivers? Man y of these old ones still have much
to offer.
Don't expect to be able to p ick up an old ie
but goodie, plug it in and be in competition
with a new Brand X. It just ain't so. BUT, with
a reasonable amount of effo rt and common
sense, coupled with a few small parts, most
58

of these old inhalers can be made to turn in a
very credit able p erformance on 160 thru 10
as well as the general coverage bands, They
also make excellent tuneable if's for converters.
The best procedure for utilizing these rep
cc-ivers is to put them in the best p ossible cond ition and then modify them to obtain the d esired performan ce. There are advantages to
this approach other than saving money. One
of the most painless ways to learn the inner
secrets of receivers is to work with them. T his
also provides a good outlet for those of us wh o
like to build but don't have th e time (or ambition ) to start from scra tch .
Also, don't overlook some of the choice surplus items still available. The same basic nil es
will apply except that m ost of the surplus units
will require the construction of a p ower supp ly an d a b it more work.
Now th at you are p roperly inspired, choose
your weapon. Remember, you can modify as
little or as much as you wish. The newe r the
receiver, th e less the work. Select a used receiver according to your pocketbook and how
much work you are willing to do. You can
usuall y purchase just abou t any post war
model by mail You must visit the store for older m odels. You may be able to get a bargain
from an individual or fro m Joe's Junk Shop.
Equipment advertised as recondit ioned will
usually be working reasonab ly well, but never
is in the very best of condition . The stores are
honest but they just can't afford to invest
$30.00 worth of time in recond itioning an old
receiver in order to sell it for $69.50 . By visiting the store, you can frequentl y have you r
choice of severa l similar units on display. If
possible, make sure the one you buy is work ing
on all band s. How well it works is unimportant. Also d o your hest to obtain a schematic or
instruction manu al. If thi s is not available, the
manufacturer can frequently supply one for a
nominal fee.
Now the fun begins. First, clean up the
beast. Blow out the dust with the XYL's
vacuum clear and clean the chassis. Careful!
Don't bend th e tuning capacitor pl ates or
cause any shorts. Make any repairs necessary
to get things working so that you at least
know where you are starting. Cheek all of the
bypass and paper coupling capacitors and replace any leaky ones. It is a good idea to replace all of the paper capacitors in any receiver
over about 10 years old. As little as 10 megohms leakage can cause a reduction in receiver
perform an ce. This job is easier than it sounds.
The newer disc ceramics are mu ch smaller th an
the old paper units, and quit e inexpen si ve.
73 MAGAZINE

C lean and lubricate the gain con trols, bandswitch and other moving parts with one of the
special solvents sold for this purpose. Check
the bearing tension and the rotor wiping contacts on the tuning capacitors and replace
any resistors which show signs of heating . Now
check all of the tubes and replace any weak
ones.
T his is the time to rep lace some of the older type rf and if tubes with more mod ern
equivalents. For examp le, a 6SG7 mak es a
good direct replacement for a 6SK7, giving
more gain with a better noise figure. Other
substitutions may be determined from magazine articles, handbooks etc. Remember that
it is frequently necessary to change cathode
and screen resistors when making tube substitutions. Also keep in m ind that the rf amplifier noise figure is as important as gain at frequencies above about 14 me.
Now you are ready to completely align the
receiver. If you have the instruction m anual,
go by it. Otherwise refe r to one of the good
amateur handbooks for general p rocedures.
Don't worry if you don't know the exact if
frequency. If the receiver has a crystal filter,
you will have to measure the crystal fre quency with a signal generator anyway. Be
as precise as possible when align ing the fil ter.
Crystal filters will usually work beautifully
when carefully aligned, b ut are next to useless
otherwise. If the receiver does not have a crystal filter, it really doesn't matter if you are off
a couple of kilocycles as long as everything is
aligned at the same frequency.
\ Vhen aligning the rf stages of a general
coverage recei ver, the band spread capacitor
should be fully meshed if the bandset marks
on the main tuning dial appear at the low
frequency end of the amateur ba nds. T he
capacitor should b e fuJl y open if the m arks
appear at th e high frequency end of th e bands.
After the alignment, if you have had any
luck at all, the old inhaler should be working
somewhat b etter than when it was new. Connect it to a good an tenna an d listen. Use the
receiver for several days and b ecome thoroughly familiar with its operation. Find the good
p oints as well as the bad . Determin e what you
think is needed and carefully plan the d esired
modifications. The handbooks, old magazines
and other literature will he very useful at this
point. The ea rly issues of 73 are an excellent
source of modification information . \ Vhen
plan ni ng changes, sketch out the original circuit in a notebook for futu re reference.
You need not be too worried about retaining the original receiver appearance. After all,
it was a klunke r when you first got it. Is th e
APRI L 1964

STANDA RD PHO NE PLU GS
BAKELITE BARREL, 2· CONDU CTOR , W ITH
SC REW TERMINALS, BLAC K ONLY.
(EQ UIV A LENT TO SWITCH CRA FT NO . 40)

STOCK NO . 4032

O N LY

32~

EACH

IN LOTS OF 5 O R MO RE
FOR PREPA ID SHIPM EN T IN U. S. A .
ORDE R BY STOCK NUMBER

" Use d Equipment April Specia l"
Hammarlund HQ-llOC
174.95
Ha m mo rl und HQ -1 6 0
239.95
WRITE FOR LATEST COMPLETE LIST

&U41e4 RADIO
P.O. 80X 312

603!2~~~S'

COHCORD1 N. H.

SERIES
COAXIAL
RELAYS
4 St. nd. rd Models, AC or DC,
UHF, H , BNC, TNC or C Conn.

~

..

H'd~. 1

%
L... tto_ , ••.
DK60.CIC

Outstanding favorite fo r amateurs . . . Versatile combinllUo n s fo r ind us t ri als: Low \' SWR
le ss than 1.1 5 :1
fr o m 0 t o 500 m e. LOW LOSSES . . . High Con t act
Pressures. LOW CROSS · TALK th rough use o f paten ted
"isolated co n nec to r" a rra ng ement. HIGH POWER RAT ING. All coils encapsuled in epoxy re sin l or quie te r
o pe r ati on and r esis t a n ce t o mois tu re .
All R ela ys available in
• UNCONDITIONAL
weatherproof boxes (or
GUARANTEE for
expericr installation.
o ne yeer. ( We
will r epair If
Ganied. multi ple posi tion
faulty within I
.wltch ar ra nr ement aV;llIa l:le
year. )
for re mote con t r ol selec tion
.. See one of our
o f antennas.
700 dealers end
d istributors In U. STANDARD RELAYS : DK60. DK60 ·G.
S. and Ca nada lor DK6 0-2C a n d DK60 -G2C cat a lol s herts o r
write :
$ 12.45
PRICED FRQ\t

*
*

DOW-KEY CO.. Thief River Falls, Minn.
5'

•

thermal stability poor? More ventilation u sually helps. You can add a small light bulb near
the oscillator to keep things warm while the
receiver is turn ed off. (The bulb should be off
when the receiver is on. ) Add a product detector for SSD. Vernier mechanisms are readil y
availab le which can b e easly attached to the
tuning shaft for finer tuning. Make a new
b and sp rcad d ial scale for 15 meters. Add a Q

mu ltiplier or even a m echanical fil ter for the
desired selectiv ity. How about an S-meter or
crystal calibra tor? If the front panel is too
beat up, it can be repainted with a sp ray can
and labeled with d ecals.
'York carefully bu t use your imagina t ion and
don't be afraid to try new tricks. You will be
pleasantly surprised.
.. W5F UP

Voltage Regulation
Staff

For p roper operation , many electronic circuits requi re excellent regulation of their supply voltages. Oscillators, linear amplifiers, and
may other devices must have regu lated voltages for b est results. And as a result, there's
a lot of talk about voltage regulation. But what
is it, and how can it be d one? Put these
questions to any number of hams picked at
random, and the replies will und oubtedly
am aze you.
Let's find out a little more about th is regulation h it, so that if anyone asks us those
q uestions we can give them accurate answers.
AmI a long the way, we may find a few ways
to regulate voltages that tum out to be new to
most of us.
As a starting poin t, let's find out just what
"voltage regulation" means. \Ve all know it's
a measure of th e change of voltage from a
p ower source as more and more current is
drawn from it, or as its input p ower variesbut just what arc we measuring?
Surprisingly enough, th e definiti on differs
d epending upon where we happen to live. By
one definition, a hi gh regula tion figure indicates a "rock solid" supply, but hy another
equally accepted version the reverse is true:
the "solid" supply has a regulation figure of
zero, and the figu re increases as th e volt age
variation gets larger!
Both definit ions call regulat ion "the percentage ch ange of output voltage with change in
load or input," but one takes th e percentage
with respect to the no-load voltage wh ile th e
other t akes it with respect to the fu ll-load
figure. Let's plug in some figures and see wha t
happens.
•0

Assum e we have a supply which delivers
150 volts at no load ( not even a bleeder ) and
drops to 100 volts at 100 rna drain. The
change in voltage is 50; regulation by the
firs t defin ition is 50/ 150 or 33.3%, while by the
second it is 50/ 100 or 50%. Let's increase current d rain on the same supply to 150 rna and
assume that this drops the output voltage to
75. Now regulation by the first definition is
50%, while by th e seco nd it is 100 percent.
You can see how confusing all th is can get.
There's a simple way to avoid all the confusion, but few hams use it. Circuit design
engineers are used to d rawing "eq uivalent circu its" for analyzing what goes on in a complex network. In these circuits, power supplies
are assumed to have perfect regulation , and the
actual physical loss of regulation with load is
rep resented by a resistor in series with the
supply.
T his resistor, which doesn't physically exist
in the circuit, is called the "source resistance"
of the supply. Since R = E /I , it is a direct
measure of the relationship between voltage
at the output and curren t being drawn . And
though it may surprise you, most power supplies b ehave exactly as if this situat ion actually
existed .
For instance, in our example above the
voltage dropped 50 volts with 100 rna of current being drawn. Using Ohm's Law, and
dividing 50 volts by 0.1 amp, we get a "source
resistance" of 500 ohms for it.
\Vhen current increased to 150 rna , the d rop
across th e "source resistance" increased to
0. 15 tim es 500, or 75 volts, leaving 75 volts at
the output.
73 MACAZINE

LAFAYETTE [RW'\[ID~@ ELECTRONICS
THE CHOICE OF VALUE-CONSCIOUS AMATEURS THE WORLD OVER
DELUXE 8·TU8E COMMUNICATIONS RECEIVER
MODEL HE·30

rmo crr eu

7995

12950

$5 MONTHLY

$7 MONTHLY

on Easy Pay Plan

On Easy Pay Plat'

• runes 550 KCS to '0 MCS In Four Bands _ Built-In
Q·Multiplier for Crowded Phon e Operation • Calibrated
Electrical Bandspread _ Suoerheterodyne Circuit • Stable

Oscillator and BFO for Clear CW and SSB Reception _ auut-rn
Edgewise S·Meter
Sensitivity is 1.0 microvolt for 10 db. SI,n31 to Noise reno.

Selectivity is ~ 0.8 KCS at - 65d b wi t h Q·MULTlPlIER,
Ava ilabl e in a semi-kit version with all major components

premounted. Model KT·320 - only 64.95 Complete

-

LAFAYETTE MAIL DRDER
& L. I. SALES CENTER
111 Jericho Turnpike,
Syosset, L.I ., N. Y.
- DTNER LOCATIONS - -

Jamaica, N. Y.
Scarsdale, N. Y.
New York. N. Y.
Bronx, N. Y.
Natick,

Newark, N. J.
Plainfield, N. J.
Paramus. N. J.
Boston , Mass.
Mass.

• Dual Conversion on 6 Meters •

5·8ands: 550KC·54MC

• Product Detector Circuit for Improved SSB Reception

• Seoarate BFO and Q·Multiplier Circu its (can be used
simUltaneously) • crystal Calibrator • Efficient sueerheterodyne Circuit • Effective Automatic Noise Limiter
• Voltage Regulated Power Supply
Features outs ta ndi ng sensitivi ty, a·Mu lt ip l ier selectivity
ana electrical bandspread, makes a handsome addition to
your ham shack. Calibrat ion crystal is sol d optionally.

Send for
Bi~ New
422 page
1964 Catalog

In add ition to eliminat ing all the confusion
brought about b y the various d efinitions of
"reg ulation," the source resistan ce concept lets
us estimate quite closely wh at the output
voltage of a supply will be if we know the
amo un t of current it is furnishing.
For instance, in a capacitor-in p ut pow er
supp ly-or in a cho ke-input either, for th at
matter- with not even a bleeder load the voltage a t the output will be very nearly equal to
the peak val ue of the nc app lied to the
rectifi ers. All we need d o is measure th e nc
rm s volt age, multip ly by l.·U ·i to get peak,
and this is our zero-load vol tage. Now any
kind of load can be a pp lied to d raw exactly
100 rna of current from the supply, a nd th e
output vol tage under this load measured. Subtracting thi s voltage from the zero-load value
gives us the amount of volta ge change for 100
rna load, and multiplying this voltage change by
10 (eq ual to dividing by 1/10 ) gives us the
source resistan ce of the supply.
\Vith the source resist an ce known , all we
have to do is multipl y the source resista nce in
ohms by the current in amperes to find out
how much th e voltage w ill d rop fro m the noload value; sub tract ing this d rop from the noload va lue gives us th e actual output.
In using this method to dete rmine S01 l1'CC
APRI L 1964

PROFESSIONAL·QUALITY 14·TUBE COMMUNICATIONS
RECEIVER MODEL HE·80

------------I
I
LAFAYmE RADIO ELECTRONICS
Oepl. 730-4 P.O. BOX 10
SYOSSET L. I., N. Y. 11791

I 0 Please send me new 1964 Cat alog 640
I 0 Shi p Stock No.
$
enclosed .
I NAME
.
I ADDRESS
.

I

I
I
I
I
I
I
I

--------------.
CITY

ZONE

STATE

resistance of a choke-inp ut supp ly, it's better to
measure outp ut vo ltage at two values of load
curren t di£Ierin g by 100 rna th an to lise the
no -load voltage, since the source resistan ce of
this type of supply has a sha rp break near
zero load . Th is sharp b reak is the rea son for
the bleeder-cu rrent requiremen t , to keep the
break out of th e workin g range.
As we said before, thi s approach to regulation is uncom mon in ham usage, an d can't
even be termed common p ractice in engineering laboratorics! T herefore d ata on typical
source resistance figures for common power
sup plies isn't readily available.
T o get an idea of typical figures , the cap acitor-input power-supply desig ns on page
228 of the 1962 ARRL hand book were
evaluated for source resistance. All of these,
incidentally, are typical good designs, so the
fig ures should DC representative of most sup plies.
Source resistance of th e supply was found to
be d etermined largely b y the rectifie r used,
and also by the transformer and choke resistances. The small supplies ra ted at less than
50 rna outp ut ra nged from 1.500 to 2500 ohms
in sou rce resistance, due to high -resistance
choke wi ndings. Larger su pplies ranged from
735 to 13,50 ohms . Those sup plies using type
61

003 /VR15 0

•

•

OC3/VRI 05

•

003 /VR I50

-

OC3 /VRI05

,
,

-~

OC3/VRI05

••

,

r --;

~D3/VRI5O_

'"
.'
003IVRI 50
+150

--;

OD3/VRI 50

~

FIGURE

I

VR tube hooku ps

5 Y3 rect ifiers averaged 1200 ohm s; 5U4GB
rectifiers averaged about 1000 ohms; and the
5V4 cathode-type rectifier circuits averaged
800 ohms. No data was taken for silicon-d iode
rect ifiers but source impedance should be
lower, probably about 80 percent of the 5V4
figure,
None of these source resistances, of course,
are low enough to satisfy "regula ted-voltage"
requireme nts for oscillators, etc. Even a 500ohm source resistan ce d rop s output voltages
h y ,5 volts for every 10 rna increase of load
curren t. In a SSB lin ear, screen current can
swing as much as 50 to 60 rna, so a 500-ohm
su pply would allow screen voltage to vary by
30 volts or 50 . T his wou ld not be acceptable.
Because of this, additional means must be
taken to lower source resista nce of a powe r
suppl y. If the source resistance could be
redu ced to zero, the output voltage would
remain constant regardless of load . At even I
ohm, it would take a fu ll amp of drain to
change the voltage by a single volt. For many
purposes, a 100-ohm source resistance is
adequate; thi s lets voltage change by 0 ,1 volt
per milliampere. I n the line ar example of the
p reced ing paragraph , screen voltage would rema in within 6 volts of d esign figure, which
would be accep table.
T hree basic mean s exist to reduce the source
resistance; all involve add ing some circuit
element. A gas-discharge tube maintains a
constant voltage across itself, varying its own
resistance to accomodate changes in current.
Adding a tube of this sort holds the voltage
more constant, which as we have seen is the
same thing as lowering source res istance.
A battery, bv chemical action , holds voltage
62

constant also. If voltage becomes lower th an
that of the b attery, the battery mak es u p the
d ifference. w hile if it is higher the battery
simply charges up to hold the excess energy.
Finally, certain semiconductor junctions
have the same constant-voltage effect as the
gas-discharge tube, and can be used in the
same manner.
Five types of devices are ava ilable for putting into use these basic mean s of regulati on:
They are the VII tube, the neon bulb , the b attery, the Zener d iode , and (for small voltages )
the silicon p ower diode, Let's look at them in
order.
The familia r VR tube is the commercial
version of the gas discharge tube. It's designed
to hold voltage consta nt at its d esign th rou gh
a range of load current variations w hich depend UpOIl tube type. The larger "VR" series
handle current swings between 5 and 40 rna,
and come in 75, 90, 105, and 150-\'0It models,
The smaller "OA" series had a current range
of 5 to 30 rn a, in 105 and 150 volt ratings.
If the voltage you need comes out to anything which can be made up of these various
values, and the current swing is within ratings.
the VR tube is the simple answer. To get a
255-volt regulated source, for instan ce , you
would use a lOS-volt and a 150-volt tube in
series.
You can also get some unusual values by
subtracting one V R tube from ano ther; to have
4,5 volts regul ated , use a 150-volt tube, then
pl ace a 105-volt tube in series wi th the load .
Output will be 150 minus 105 , or 45 volts.
All VR t ubes require a source voltage considerably h igher than the operating voltage,
since they take some extra voltage before they
will "fire" and begin operation. This, in turn ,
requires a current-lim iting resistor. Fig. 1
shows the various hookups using VB tubes.
To calculate the value of resistor needed.
subt ract the operating voltage from that of
the supply and divide by maximu m load current p lus 5 rna for the tube. T he results will
be the resistance ; power rating of th e resistor
sho uld be voltage d rop tim es current flow,
times two for a safety facto r.
T he conventional VR regul at or is widely
used, and m any of us tend to believe it holds
"perfect" regulation. Actually, however, voltage across the tube depends t o some degree on
the current through it. T he source resistance
of a single VB tube works out to be approximately 80 ohms; u sing two or more tubes in
series won't appreciably change this figure, but
the "subtraction" hookup may increase the
resistance to 150 ohms or so.
73 MAGAZIN E

•

Often we have need for a regu lated voltage
where little sp ace is available for a VR tube,
and the curren t sw ing is re lat ively small. A
handy substitute for the VR tube, still in th e
gas-discharging fam ily, is the ever-ready N E-2
neo n bulb.
Like the VB tube , the ~E - 2 maintains re asonab ly cons tant voltage across its terminals.
It is rated to handle only 2 rna, however, and
therefo re should n't be used w here cu rrent
swing will be high. O ne hand y sp ot for a N E-2
or two is in regu lating the screen voltage of
a n oscilla tor; current va riat ions here are usually tin y and th e object is to keep cha nges
in input voltage from affecting the tube.
The exact value at which any given n eon
tube regulates can be d etermined only by experi ment, which may be a d rawback. The
ra nge will usu ally be between 50 and 130
volts; most of them tested here seem to average about 70 volts but thi s reading is in C OIlflict with most published d ata, which claims
an average regulating voltage of 55. T o be
sure, measure it!
The 1'IE -2 hookup is identical w ith that of a
VR rube, and a ll the same tricks C<'1n be used
so long as we remember that the cu rrent rating is extremely sm all. But d on't let that small
current rating knock the neon com pletely out
of the p icture ; a b it later we'll see how to
increase it.
About the only place that a battery is usefu l as a voltage regulator is in grid-bias suppli es, where the battery is still sometimes employed to prevent having to build a separate
supply. Another use for the battery as a regulator is as the reference element in an active
regulator, hut that's getting ahead of ourselves.
Which brings us around to the world of
sem ico nd uctors, and the Zener di ode as a
start.
The exact happenings inside the Zener diode
whi ch make it work as it docs are rather complicated, and anyon e interested is hereby
referred to a paper b y Dr. C . A. Escoffery of
International Rectifier Corporation, which
forms the fi rst chapter of IRC's "Zener Diode
H andbook." But this kn owledge isn 't necessary to make good use of the Zener.
All we real ly need to know about the Zen er
diod e to use it is that. when connected in the
"forw ard" direction it's a conventional rectifier.
\ Vhen connected in "reverse," however, it ( like
a conventiona l rectifier ) is the equivalent of
an open circ uit until a particular voltage is
reached . At th at point, it «avalanches" and
prevents any add it ional rise in voltage. So
lon g as the current th rou gh it is held to a safe
APRil 1964

INSTITUTE OF AMATEUR RADIO
The Institute needs YOllr help to achieve its
ohjectives : the promotion of amateu r radi o
among our own govern ment agencies and Congress to assu re us that the services we p erform
a nd th e ben efits to our coun try are know n
w here they w ill do us the most good . This
cannot but help us also when delegates from
our government agencies are with u s in C eneva, when w e will need every fri end we can
get. The Institute will a lso start an in ternation al lobby to acquain t foreign govern ments
and offi cia ls with the value of having a strong
amateur radio service. Your help is needed as
a Founding Member ( $10) and as a source of
infonnation. L et liS kn ow of any public serv ice
that amateu rs have d on e so we can use th is
to help our hobby.
Membership Application
C all

Name .
Add ress
Ci ty .. .

Stat e

Zip . .

-$ 10 enclosed for Founding Membership.
Institute of Amateur Hadio,
Peterborough, New H ampshire

MAKE YOUR
HEATH SIXER OR TWOER
A SELECTIVE SUPERHET
No power supply changes
No cable changes
All circuits inside

original case

SIXER MOO. KIT
TWOER MOO. KIT

$34.85
$29.50

lincl. illustrated manual)

LAWRENCE
ENGINEERING CO.
36 LAWRENCE RD., HAMDEN, CONN. 06518

OT c5'R'DRIVEN
»> Ml,-CHING SYSTEMS
6V

R £I-fOT£ :

I
UNITY

ANTENNA

B D :JM
WATCHING

sw.

1,10""11 METER SINGLE
10.11,15-20 SINGLE
TRI BAND ( WIT/J CONSOLE)
... II.,Y£ ,-01'1 • • oc.. u.~

~

~ £ l ceT"ON'C $

_

-•

40 16 , •.,., ,,
l("ft 0-- - -.-- --,

~--i===~o
3.9V

+ 0 4 V

43 '1

F I GU R E

3

_-----0>

73 MACAZ IN E

Hallicrafters
SR-160
SSB Tranceiver
$349.95 ! !
Order with confidence
from Henry, get best
terms and trades and
our FAMOUS

Personal
Service!
se e page 24

for orticle
on th is rig .

including cascaded basic regulators, th e ultimate of ze ro sou rce resista nce can he obta ined
- or source resistance can even be mad e negative, so that th e ou tpu t voltage of the supply
rises wit h increasing current. This, however,
is usually undesirable.
Before gett ing into such com plex arrangements, though, let's examine a couple of
elementa ry active regulators which do not
include basic regulators in their designs.
Neither of these will reach the low source resistances of a basic regu lator, but both arc
ad jus ta ble and their source resistan ces are
low enough to meet man y practical needs.
The fi rst of these regulators, shown in Fig. 6,
is a de cathode follower. It acts as an imp edance transformer, just as th e more conventional ca thode-follower amplifier, to transform
a high source resistance down to a lower figure; the result is improved regulation .
Operation of this circuit ( not a generall y
known one, by the way ) can be made a b it
more clear with an examp le. Let's asum e that
the tube is half of a 12A U7, supp lied from a
150-volt source a nd d elivering 100 volts at a
maximum current of 10 rn a.
The 12A U7 will then have a plate-tocathod e voltage of 50, and a current of 10 rna .
Consulting the tube curves shows that these
APRIL 1964

cond itions require a grid bias of + 2 volts with
respect to cathode, so th at grid voltage must
b e + 102 from ground.
The voltage d ivider in the grid circuit is
proportioned to deliver this voltage; at d esign
values, the circuit d elivers its 100 volts at 10
rna. If current drain drops to 5 rna, the required grid bias drops to 0 volts; since grid
voltage is fixed, the cathode voltage rises to
this value, or 102 volts. Since output voltage
varies 2 volts for a ,5-ma change in curren t. the

- +----

F IGU R E

5

Powe r d iode regu la to rs
65

-

+ 150

!l+IOOV

v. -~~---jH

AT 10M a.

G8K

lOOK
_L

FI G URE
6
Elementary se ries reg ula tor

source resistance of this regulator is 400 ohms.
If input voltage goes up to 200, the grid
bias will rise to 134. Assuming that the load
remains constant. the cathode voltage will
again rise until the bias is just right to allow
proper current flow. This happens with a
output voltage of 134 and a load current of
13.4 rna.
Which does n't sound too good until we
stop to notice that a 50·volt rise in input
voltage, from 150 to 200, resulted in only a
34-volt rise in output voltage. This is a reduction of 32 percent in input voltage variation.
The other of the elementary active regulator
circuits is shown in Fig . 7, and is known as
a degenerative regulator. It is similar to the
circuit of Fig. 6 excep t that the grid bias is
now taken from a divider across the output
rather than from across the input. This allows
better regulation against changes in input
voltage.
However. this circuit cannot be used when
the regulator tube requires p ositive bias as in
the previous example. Let's see what happens
when we use the Fig. 7 circuit to drop a 250volt input d own to 150 volts at 6 rna, with half
of a 12AU7.
To find out wha t happens, let's just d esign
the circuit. The first step we must take is to
d etermine the resistance of the potentiometer.
It carries almost no current, since its only load
is the grid of the 12A U7 which is always
negative, so its resistance can be high . Let's
+ 250 V

'- ~

---

'""..I
-+- 150 V. AT 6 MQ.
250K

F IGURE

7

Degenerative regulator
66

arbitraril y pick a resistance which allows 1/10
of the load current to pass through the pot.
With a specified load current of 6 rna , this
means 6/10 rna through the pot; output voltage is specified as 150 volts, so the pot's resistance must be 150 divided by 0.6, or 250K
ohms.
Since we're dropping 250 volts to 150, 100
volts must appear across the tube. The tube
must also pass load curren t of 6 rna and
b leeder current of 0.6 rna, for a total of 6 .6
rna. Checking the tube charts for the 12AU7
we find that with a plate to cathode voltage
of 100, 6.6 rna will flow through if grid voltage is -2.
This grid voltage is with respect to cathode
rather than to ground. and since the cathode
is at + 150 then the grid must be at + 148.
The potentiometer arm is set for this voltage,
and we get 150 volts out.
-+- 150 V

25K

"

---N E-2H
(I

oo vi

•

-L
FIGURE 8
Regulated su pp ly

Now let's see what happens if input voltage
rises from 250 to 400. Since feedback is involved, we ca n't do a step-by-step analysis,
but we can say that as the outp ut voltage
rises. the grid-to-cathode negative bias also
increases, reducing current flow and thus holding output voltage d own. For the exact values
given in OU f exampl e, the output voltage rise
wou ld be 87.6 volts (comp ared to an input
voltage rise of 150 volts) . Only about half
the increase wou ld be passed on to the output.
When it comes to changes in load, the circuit
of Fig. 7 is to be avoided. The source resistance of the example is higher than 7600
ohms; th e supply is virtu ally unregulated for
changes in load.
Either of the two elementary ci rcuits , however, can be vastly improved by adding one
of the basic regulators to them. To start the
simplest way, let's convert th e circuit of Fig. 6
into a truly regulated circu it, as drawn in
Fig. 8 .
Taking the left-hand half of the circuit first ,
we h ave a simple VR regulator except that
we're using a NE-2 H selected for 100-volt
regulating point. The 25K resistor allows 2
73 MAGAZINE

"BEAMED-POWER" ANTENNAS
and ANTENNA SYSTEMS

You too - can enjoy w orld renowned Telrcx
performance and va lue!
Send for PL64 co ndensed data and pricing ca talog, D escribing the w orld 's most popular a nten n as from $6.95 to $999,00. Expan ded d ata sh eets
- Your favorite hand , also ava ilable.

"- with a
MATERIAL DIFFERENCE!"

C o m m u nic ation and TV A nt ennas

rex LABORATORIES

SINC E
1921

ASnll RY

VISIT BOOTH 1316-IEEE SHOW

rna to flow through the bulb.
T he right-hand part of the circuit is the
cathode-follower regulator of Fig. 6. If as in
ou r p revious examples we use half a 12AU7
here, let's see what happens with various load s
and input voltages.
With no load at all taken from the supply,
the grid b ias from grid to cathode will be
about -3 volts. Since grid voltage is clamped
by the N E-2H at 100, this means cathode
voltage will be about 103.
With 5 rna being taken by the load, a plateto-cathode voltage of 50 and a grid bias of
a volts will allow the current flow. This
means cathode voltage will drop to 100 volts.
Taking 10 rna in the load , plate-to-cathode
voltage must still remain in the neighborhood
of 50 volts; for 10 rna to flow at this p late
voltage, the grid must be abou t 2 volts positive
to cathode. This, in tum, means cathode voltage mu st fall to 98 volts.
O ur 5-volt change in outp ut was brought
about by a 10-rna change in load cu rrent, so
the source resistance of the circuit is approx imately the same as that of th e Fig. 6
circuit. But let's see wha t happens when input voltage changes.
If th e input voltage goes up to 200. the grid
voltage of the tube will remain the same be
cause of the regulating action of the N E-·")I I.
If load curren t is zero when th is h ap pens. the
ou tp ut will climb to approximately 107 volts.
Seven volts is cut-off bi as for a l 2A U7 with
100 volts between p late and cathode, and
with 100 volts on the grid the cathode must
be seven volts more positive in order to cu t
A PRI L 1964

PARK

40.

NEW JERSEY. U .S.A.

CONVERTER SALE
~ "'

model , n le, 300 IIfU h 3 YHF t rambtors. er"nal. and
more tha n 30 hi.h q ua UU Daru . Cardu ll1' assembled and
test ed . )(enu re, onl1' 3" :Ii 2"''' :Ii 2". Low noise and better
tha n I microvolt .elltlthlty. !lfa de In VSA a nd . uarant&ed.
A",lIab le In the followln. mode l. for 12 volt. DC :
Mode l
300·10
300-B
300- C
300- D
300- 1!:
300- F
300-G
300-H

I np ut me.
26.965- 21.255
50 -51
50- 54
IH-148
144- 145
144- 146
14.0 ·14 .35
5.0 ( WWYJ

Choice of 1 InDut
.6 &. 160 mc
..

JOO- X

Output me.

P rice
18.15 ppd.
8.15 ppd.
8.15 ppd
S10.15 DIId.
S10. 15 p pd,
SIO.lS ppd.
$8.15 p pd.
S8.' 5 p pd.

1.0 - 1.255
.6 · 1. 6
14·18
50 -54
.n · 1. 6
28- 30
1. 0 - 1.35

1.'
fuQ.

&.

one out put f reQ. between
S14.'5 PPs. O rig. carton $24.95
ARC - 1 TRANSCEIVER CAM I. 10
x tal controlled channels & gua rd
cha n n el. Freq. ra nge : 100· 156 Me.
P o wer r eq 'd : 28 v D C @ 10 A m ps
or b uild yo ur o wn A C supply.
Complete with tu bes & d y na mo tor ,
less xtals. Good Condi tion $29.95
ARC- 3 8 xtal con trolled channels.
F req . range : 100·1 56 M e. S epnrate
t ra n smitt er and
receiver .
B uild your o wn power suppl y.
M a n y xlent conversrons have been
printed. Complete with t u b es , les s
x t nls . Excellent Condition.
RECEIVER
$ 19.95
TRANSMITT ER
$19 .95
SCR-22
4 xtal controlled chan nels.
F req. ra nge : 100· 156 Me. Can be
used as a s ing le unit or separa te
t ra ns mitter & r eceiver. An old
stand-by t hat has been well wr itte n u p. M a n y conve rsions available. Good co ndit ion .
RECEIVER
$1 2.95
TRANSMITTER
9 .95
COMPLETE W / RELAY
$24.50
RACK
EE-8 9 PHONE PATCH . \ Ve can now
supply t he E E ·8 9 chassis whic h
contains a hy b rid coil & ma kes a
beautiful phone patch. Complete
instr uctions furnished. New Con.
dition
$1. 75
COAX CONNECTORS
$.39
P L ·259A M ale
.39
5 0-239
Female
.59
11 -359
A n g le
10 for $3 ma y be assor ted

s

ARC - 5 TRANSM ITTERS
F or you r SS B Rig, complete with
tubes. U sed, exc. c ondition.
'R,OU'''CY
PRIC, 'ACH
500 !'
__ L..L"'" ~
AUTOMATIC l l" IT 0#' IIIOTATION
,p..
. ~,o.<.-'I IIIOOEl TS" l~ OIlS ' '' '~ ''
I)UIGNE O FOR 2- 0 I) '''' ST ING
"'';~ .~~ -~:ri.-:'-~i'r '~l~"
" .LlEAIIU C.ST " . S TI"' G Ct...... P~EO \ . '
M~ .e·
"".l1l.....
OUTPUT S PEEI) .PPRO~ , I RPM
~ .~
• .".. "' ........0"""" ......... "
"" l l FIT INTO OIl ONTO . e- SIOEO TOWER _
TELREX LABS.
"'~ IT £ ~OR nIH rl -<)', DtSCR,BIN(; 1lHt OS MOST f'OPU lAH ANfEN"A S
~ 5 8lJ R V PA "~ .. J

APR I L 1964

_

/'

._

13

•

1885-Berlin Administrative Conference.
First IT U provisions for international
telephony.
1903-Berlin. Preliminary Radio Conference
of nine States.
1906-Berlin, First International Radio
Conference with 29 States. Convention and Radio Regulations drawn
up. Adoption of SOS Signal.
191 2-London Rad io Conference. Improved
Radio Regulat ions.
I924-Paris. Creation of CCIF (International T elephone Consultative Committee ) .
1925- Creation of CCIT ( International T elegrap h Consultative Committee ).
1927-\Vashington Badin Conference with
eigh ty States. Establishment of CCIH
(International Rad io Consultative
Committee ) . First allocation of rad io
frequencies to the various radio
se rv ices .
0...• .

t>HOV I~ I ON "'L

ORIGINAL

ron

L1 C E ~ SE

.r
-·
·".-.u,·,
'.~ I"'IH""e...
,.... ,
oM ......,.b.. lor .._ '" 1000. ...
ti&o>ol

,

tho I • ......o...l
. . - .. bo _
..,

-

"

,.-uad...,

ood

.-.1..,

....... _

.

k

h
_

_

I n.._'__ .. 0II .... ........

1~ .~ .

,..-, 01 ('0 """""'", I

h

---"_oI"_
lOo_' !\''
•. n.. _ or oI'''
_ .Hf.p(.;.1J
N~
_ J
...... tho ... orioo
tho 1·

~)

.., . " _

1..._ '0 _ .. 01'''. '' .pp ' " I", Iv.
tho,...,.,. 01 ll.....,;T
pri
rod_
thoj....t....... 01 'bo ".." .. T.m""" .. ~ ~

.......

..
"looulf ..

,_" ..l

n ,..,,,,,,
_

I

••· ,

" ••:.""'. ""

" " . "'9"

_oJ J . C»o~I~.

..,,'"

...

to,,,, '" U'." .. n.... Rt

' _ ,. ,1><"'''' '1",''0" ""
01

,II< _ '...nf' oo

,_

• . • •, ,,.' e "T

•

ATEU
. R RA DIO ST ....TI O:"J

:... .

!'

"

•

I

'"

... . -.1.... _
-~ - ,

......

'_

"" • _

_ _ ..:"
_ , -..... ..,.,.........- . - - - Iooi;tO...-Ioo; _ _
__
__
. _
...... ~ oIC
.... _ . _ ............. - . .
_oItho_
_ _ .. 
~-,

S.- 01." .... JI>ih'",-

T,

_

f'PO'I" ol 01 • _

,,_._...

Thio

P

...

II.

1 _d;

"~

oI "'y ol .... ,....-.. _

_

eo......" ..

. , ".. , T""",,,,,,,.. "'''"',
~Q
U..,hI.
"9'
,
w, , s",
,..rl ~ . 1 _ .
I
Tho

01 . . . _

• or _

'

""" . . . . - _

I . .....
01 tho

.,.t_.J w,,". , ,,"",...1 ..... . _.N. ... .

.1 """" "''''''' . _ '""' .C. '· .

. ...
_ . _ .•..

_

,"' "

,

"""'''',1 L . S

on "'lI'

.

" . ""00 T, I'" {T. 1. ""',l _ . ..In" S .~,
• !><~i~,., o1
' b _ }O
.
.. , ;' _ '01 _ , ,.. A ..

h 01>011 "

."" ,_ .11
'.. ....,,_
,_ !''''''M
_ "'-.. &0",
,
"

_,,~ ~

u.- .. p;r... .. ,.

c...."U r",

,.Z9. _

'-

~ ....

_.. _ , .• for C....1 "'" ._t'" ..

- - - - - - - _
~

~T ~

__. ,•.

Z~.

1~U·t l..~ ,. \",. lUf_ 4IOJB:Vli: n ,
< "r.:'~ ~~<~OV .. I~ \ •• o~,~,o"or ' lie ~.~... .. ' _.

c.__A;~: ' .'~_.,...~on""''''' ' I . u. o
n

1"',_ ', _

. __

...r. ·

._--_...- ...-,-_. ._--------"
...
_

"...,'

~ d l ~AO C , I t L .

-~- ,

.. -

.... . }(I .

.:.-.:--::.:..-=~";--...:.':"'"'...:._='_-==:=. .o:=.._::__~~=-

Fig. 2
H

• ,,16.

- -~:-..-:= ---

--

Fig. 3

1 9 3 2-~l a dri d

Conferences. Organi zation's
title cha nge to International Telecommunication Conven tion. New Rad io, T elegraph an d Telephone Regulat ions.
1938- Cairo Administrative Radio and Telegraph and Telephone Conferences.
1947-Atlantic City Plen ipotentiary and
Rad io Conferences. Creation of Interna tional Frequency Registration Board
( IF RB) . New International Freq uency List. Creation of th e Adm inistrative Council. Agreement with the
United Nations approved ,
1948-Seat of the Union transferred to
Geneva.
19,52-Buen os Aires Plenipotentiary Conference.
1956- Geneva. CCIF and CC1T merged into
new CC nT ( International Telegraph
and Telephone Consultat ive Committee ) .
1958-Geneva Telegraph and Telephone
Conference.
1959-Geneva Plenipotentian and Radio
Conferences.
Rad io in the United States was not officiallv
regulated in the early days and it was not
until 19 10 that the U.S. approved and req uired certain ships to carry radio. July 1,
1911 saw a Rudie Division formed under the
Department of Commerce to e nforce th e act
of 1910. It was not until 1912 that an Act
was passed licensing radio wireless operators.
On F ebruary 23, 1826 President Coolidge
signed the D ill-Whitebill that created the Fed eral Radio Commission ( F RC) and brou ght
order to a chaotic radio situation.. Vacuum
tubes h ad just taken hold and had a good
foothold. O ne of the early licenses of this period is shown in Figure 2. The extra First Class
license fo r hams apeared in this period and
73 MACAZINE

Figure 3 shows a license of th is category
along with a Radio Operator F irst Grade. Also
note-the UV200 rube shown was used in thi s
time period. The Extra First Class license had
its incentive in that it let the holder use addi tional phone space. The FBC quickly developed rules and regulations and opera ted until
July 11, 1934 at which time th e Radio Act
of 1934 was signed creating the Federal Communications commission ( F CC ) which we are
operating under today. Figure #4 shows the
books that contain th e information th at means
life or d eath to ham radio.
Figure 5 shows tod ays rules and regulations
with the Amateur Section Volume 6 Part 12
held in the hand . Figure 6 lists the complete
set. You will note the FCC regulates a good
deal more than Amateur Radio. These regulation s a re available from the government printing office and a post card w ill bri ng you the
price list.
The intern ational aspect of radi o has developed to such an extent that almost no major
frequency allocation can be made without considering world -wide usage. In conseq uence.
the primary a llocat ion of frequency bands is
now determined by international treaty and
other agreem en t ,and assignment of individual
channe ls within those bands is mad e by th e
member nations accordingl y. This now in
elud es freq uencies for space communication.
Therefore, it behoves us as users of th is
spectru m and having a real inte rest to retain
our position -that we understand all the
aspects. The ( lTV ) International Telecommunication Union is a most important p art
of our life or death story- though we amateurs
have a dual job of selling ou r ow n government
and people of our worth to th em . So-lets take
a look at th e whole aspect. See F igu re 7 chart.
This chart is specificall y shown to indicate
that this spect ru m allocation p roblem is a
i

.....

Cf)'sta l
Chan-

,

Quene:r

(KC)

MI

I

2

a
4
s
6

,
1

9
10

"12

"

14

"

16
11
18
19

20
21
22

aa
24
as
20
21
20
29

su

O utp ut

Fn·

Quenc:r

370.370
372.222
374.074
375.926
377.778
379.630
381 .48 1
383.333
385.185
387.037
388.889
390.741
392.593
394.'«4
396.296
398.148
400.000
401.852
403.704
405.556
407.407
409.259
411.111
41 2. 963
4f4 .81 5
416.667
418. 51 9
420.310
422.222
424.074
425.926
421. 778

"
QUAKER

O le )

20.0
20. 1
20.2
20.3
20.4
20.5
20.6
20.7
20.8
20.9
2 1.0
2 1.1
21.2
21.3
2 1.4
21.5
2 1.6
21.7
21. 8
2 1.9
22.0
22.1
22. 2
22.3
22.4
22. 5
22.6
22.7
22.8
22.9
23.0
23.1

32

sa

34

as

""as
38

""
"sa
"51
54
55

"ss

"sa"
62

64

"
6.

61

ea
69
11
12

za

14

15

16
71
18

19

429.630
431 .481
433.333
435.185
437.037
438. 889
440.741
'«2. 593
462.963
464.81 5
466.667
468.5 19
470.370
472.222
474. 074
475.926
477.778
479.630
481.48 1
483.333
485.1 B5
487.037
488.889
490.741
492.593
494.444
496.296
498.148
50 1.852
503.704
505.556
507.407
509. 259
5 11 . 11 1
5 12.963
514.815
516.667

23.2
23.3
23.4
23.5
23.6
23.7
23.8
23.9
25.0
25. 1
25.2
25.3
25.4
25.5
25.6
25.7
25.8
25.9
26.0
26.1
26.2
26.3
26.4
26. 5
26.6
26. 7
26.8
26.9
27. 1
27.2
27.3
27.4
21.5
21.6
21.7
27.8
27.9

ELECTRONICS, Mt. Top, Pa.

LOW
FREQUENCY
CRYSTALS IN
FT·24I A
HOLDER S
Cha nne l t o Freq
Con vers io n
Chart
370 thr u
540 Kc s

FOR
Si ng le Si deban d

LAniCE
NETWORKS
Markers

LOW
FREQUENCY
OSCILLATORS
ALS O
Ideal Fo r

CARRIER
CURRENT
Radio Sta tio n
Fre q ue nc ie s

3/ $1.00 pp

OX-IOO OWNERS
teceeese p o w e r by 50 %.
Run 240 watts A ::\I ·300 watts C W or SSG. Complete
kit and in struct ion s for adding ano ther 6146 to fina l
only $ 19.95. Similar kit for T X ·1. O rde r OT ..... rite.
W 4KUV·W4 N ZS .
BEST RA D IO S ERV I CE
6 10 N. Ma d is on
Goldsbo r o, N . C .

• •

DK2-60B
NEW COAXIAL
TRANSFER SWITCH
A OPOl unit in ter na ll y t onnected In
the de ·ener,ind position. idlal to r
, ...itthin, in a nd out I po...er amplifi er
bet-un an eeette r a nd a n a nte nna .
I k"" power r al in, to 500 mc : VSWR
1.15 :1 to 500 mc : 1 ~ l at l on 60 db @
I mc : All da nda rd AC and DC eoll
voltages availabl e.

See your dea ler
write :

for

cata log sllu t

or

o K2-60B

""itll
Conn ee.
$19.00
o K2· 60B . 2C
..it h UHF Con ·
n eet or a n d
OPOl a u_ill ·

U HF
101"5

a r )"

to n ta~ t

$20_95

( B NC. TN C. N

and C sli ght ly
lIigher)

DOW KEY CO., Thief River Falls, Minn.

I

;

f

.

GAIN Inc.

•

1//1/'1

','

'

YOUR
VHF-UHF
HEADQUARTERS

NORTH AMER ICAN IMPORTER
OF THE FAMOUS J BEAM
WE HAVE EXPANDED OUR FACILITIE S AND NOW OFFER :
ANT ENNAS
r etrer - Mos le y · Andre ws a nd Comm un icat io ns
Products t o s uppleme nt o ur Famous J Bea m s.
T O WERS
Ro hn •
EZ Way· We will inst all to
150 m iles from Chicag o.
C O NV ERTERS Parks a nd Ame co Conve rte rs - Com ai re
AN D FILTERS re entrant filt ers and tuners.
Wheth er you want Pl259 o r 50239 Co-ax co nnec to rs at $.45
e ach- 3 fo r $1.25 o r a 27 DB, 432 MC ante nna o n a 200 ft.
tower, we ca n furnish it.
Ex trem el y f ine prices o n co mb in a t ion d eals .
NO W ! One s top s ho p pi n g.

rnex .

i

B~ R~~bEert~dW1~~v
Fig. 4
APRI L 1964

how he ca n he lp you.

1209. Wes t 7 4 th .St r.e e t
Chicag o 36, illinOIS

75

intri cate tie-ins an d d elicate interrelations to
cons ider. Our own nat ional problem as show n
is complex hut when you add the int ern ational
as shown on th e right you complicate th e
problem to a cons idera ble degree. The practical problems arc real and yon ca n put you r
finger on them but the intangible political and
psvcological problems are extremely complex.
T he sm all box indicating lobb yist is ind eed
a very important box.
Now lets take a look at the l'I'Uc-what is it
and what does it d o? Quoting from a Department of state d ocument se rial Xo. 384-4th
re vrsron :
International T el ecommunication Un ion

/

•

-

Fig . 5

lI TU I

ga me for knowledgeable experts. Oue fina llv
grasp s the fact that th e re are a great m any
groups inte rested in spect ru m . T his is a sim plified chart-for iust unce : un d er the various
committees the interclepnrtment advisory comm ittee has 13 + member groups, the telecommun ication planning 20 + and the telecommun ication ad visory hoard 13 . There are man y

The Convent ion referred to herein is th e
Int ern ational Telecommunication convention,
C:clleva 19759, which on •[anun rv• I , 1961 rcplaced the Buenos Aires Convention , 19,32 .
T he instrument of ratifi cat ion by the Uni ted
States of the Geneva Convention was deposited
with the Secretary General of the lT V on
October 23, 196 1.

Volumes of FCC Rules and Regulations by Categori es
Volume
Part
Part
Pa rt
Po rt
Vol ume
Port
Port
Port
Part
Vo lume
Port
Part
Volum e
Pa rt
Port
Part
Vo lu me
Port
Port
Port
Port
Vo lume
Port
Pa rt
Pa rt
Vo lu me
Port

I -

(Aug . 19621
0, Commi ssion Organ iza tion
1, Pract ice and Procedure
13, Com mercia l Rad io Ope rators
17, Const ruction, Ma rk ing and Li gh t ing of
An tenna St ruc tu res
II I Dec . 19 6 1)
2, Frequency Al location s a nd Rad io
T reaty Matters : Ge ne ra l Rul es and
Regu lati ons
5, Ex perimental Rad io Services (o t her
than Broadcast )
15, Radio Frequency Devices
18, Indust rial , Scientif ic, and Medi cal
Services
111 ISe pt. 196 11
3, Rad io Broadcast Services
4 , Expe rim en ta l, Auxiliary and Spec ial
Broadca st Services
IV Fe b . 19 6 2 1
'7 , Stations on Land in Maritime Services
8, Sta tions on Shipboa rd in Marit ime
Se rvices
14, Pub lic Fixed Stat ion s & Stations of the
Maritime Services in Ala ska
V ( Fe b. 1961 )
9 , Aviat ion Services
10 , Public Safety Radio Services
11 , Industrial Rad io Services
16, Land Transporta tion Radio Services
VI ( Fe b. 1962 )
12, Amateur Radio Service
19, Cit izens Radi o Service
20 , Disa ste r Communications Service
VI I (Jan . 19 63 )
6, Inte rna tiona l Fi xed Publi c Rad io Com municati on Services

Part 2 1, Domest ic Pu bl ic Rad io Services (Othe r
than Mar it ime Mobile )
Pa rt 25, Sa tell ite Commu nicat ions
Volume VII I (Jan . 196 1)
Pa rt 3 1, Uni form System of Accounts for Cla ss
A and B Te lephon e Compan ies
Part 33, Uni form System of Accounts for Class
C T e le phone Com pani es
Vol ume IX *
Part 34, Un ifo rm System o f Accounts for Rad iotelegraph Carr iers
Part 35 , Uni fo rm Syste m o f a ccounts for W ire Telegraph and Ocean Coble Carri ers
Vo lume 10 (J o n. 196 1)
Po rt 41 , Telegraph and Tel ephone Franks
Po rt 4 2 , Preservation of Records o f Communication s Common Ca rriers
Pa rt 4 3, Report s of Co mmunicat ion Common
Carrie rs an d Ce rtai n Affi liates
Part 5 1, Occupati onal Cla ssificat ion and Compen sation o f Empl oyees of Class A
and Class B Tel ephone Companies
Part 52, Classifi cat ion o f Wire Tel egraph Employees
Port 6 1, T crlffs
Port 6 2, Applicat ions to Ho ld In terloc ki ng Di rectorates
Part 6 3, Extens ion of Li nes a nd Disconti nua nce
of Ser vice by Ca rr ier s
Part 6 4, M isce llaneous Rules Relat ing to Com mon Carrie rs
Part 66, Applica tion s Rela t ing to Con sol ida t ion ,
Acqu is iti on , or Control of T e le ph one
Companies

Fig. 6
76

73 MAG AZ I N E

HILLTOPPERS
New 6 a nd 2 meter portable beam s. For
' Ma u nta in Goa ts' t hat li ke BIG SIGNALS
fr om little rigs .
) ICHleI 6 ) I II T 6 me ter J clements

Xet 13.95

) Iooel II T Z)[ 2 mete r 8 elemen ts ( w id e
sp a ced)
X et 16.95

HI·PAR PRODUCTS CO.,
FITCH BURG, MASS.

T he International Telecommunica tion Un ion
(lTU ) is a n internat ional organiza tion established for th e purpose of coordi na ting international telecommunications of a ll kinds.
It operates principally th rou gh conferences,
meetings, an Administrat ive Council a nd a
secreta riat and by correspo ndence. Its sea t is
located in Geneva, Switzerland . It is the
spec ialized agency of the United Nations
concerned with telecommunica tions. As of this
dat e, it has 122 members and 2 Associat e
members. The membership is increasing
steadily and rapidly as the new countries of
Africa join the Union.
T he Pleni potentiary Conference IS th e
sup reme organ of the Union. It d eals with
the basic principles underl ying telecommunica tions, and with ad ministra tive, budgeta ry and
p erson ne l q uestion s, as ou tlined in Article 6
of the Conven tion . It s decisions are embodied
in a convention or treaty. It can amend, revise,
set aside or change the decisions of the Ad mi nistrative Council, other organs of the lT U
ami any of the other confere nces or meetings,
or of the Secre tary General. It meets normall y
at a p lace and d a te d ecided on by th e previous
Plenipot entiary Conference and the d elegates
have full powers to sign a treaty or convention,
which, in the case of th e Un ited States , must
be app roved by th e Senate and ratified by th e
Presiden t.
The 1962 report published in 1963 lists
328 persons emp loyed-cexclud tng staff enga ged
on short term contracts. Of th e above 16 were
elected officia ls, 242 perma nent office holders
with contracts a nd 70 holders of fixed term
contracts.
APR IL 1964

Reyco Multibond Antenno Co ils
Traps for d ip oles •• • high st rength . . . moisture

proof guarantud t o handle 0 full KW.
Model KW _40 co ils wHl, WIth 0 108 to ot on tenno .
pro...ide ope rotion on 10_1 5 · 20_ 40 _80 .
$ 12. S0 ,e l .
For informa tion on othe r models write:
f.ED L• • EYNOLDS W2VS, 492 .a ....nswood A••••
.orhest.r 19. New York

Semi-Conductor Speed Control
For 1/4" Electric Drills or AC·DC 5 Amp Motors
NO LOSS OF POWER $ 12.9 5 Wired & Tested
'12" Drill Control $ 15.9 5 Wired & Tested

BELL ELECTRONICS
1 No. Acodemy A...e.

2 & 6 meters

F M

F M

Used Good F M Gea r for HAMS Be nd ix Du mont
- GE - Moto rola - RCA - 6 o r 12 vo lt II? vo lt W rite for li st ing

F M HAM SALES
P.O. Box 1574

Fort W or t h. Texas

NewDK72

SINCLE POLE THREE
THROW COAXIAL SWITCH
W eath~prool

toadal relay for remote Iwlte hlng 01

r.t. sources. Desig ned lor moun ting en malt a nd

re mote Iwltching up tel 9 a ntennu. Nelt a rotati ng
or ste Plllng I wlt ch. Si mpli fy Inltellatleln . save melney
by runn ing one cab le Instead elt several to yeur
antenna a rray.
See n ur deal e r telr
eat alol sheet and comp lete I pecifleatJ enl . e r
wr it. :

MODEL DK72 wit h
UHF Co nnedo" ..
With ty pe N. B Ne.
THC or C celn npcto"

DOW KEY CO.• Thief River

$22.95
$26.95

Follis. Minn• .
77

•

~;-~R

TO AREAS WHERE

NECESSARY

"

ca;(;RESS

S ATIO'NATING

IN TE R IOR

CO "~,

PI..

1ft,. . ......"" .......... .-n,
1n...... " ••1 ""-'llUQII

i r"m
a"

r~. ~

,......""", !>Iu ll i ",. ..,

DE PT
Of'
STATE

lnt.,.OI, r.lo<-omm C

S"r1h Am. " . ,. R.~;on. '
In' . .na'- SIlI..V at!;<,lI
A r".('~. m pn ,"

5","0;"

R.d'" S.""'•• C".1.

1.. ________ ..

T..nop"r1 "Com o.

,

' 0
IlAOrO

TU.[{'O" M

Tt: L ';("()"~l

AOHSOflY
C O\'~' ITT

PU'INNG

ADVISOIlV

CO" "lTTU

"

I

...,u,,""

_;~l

-i

To .. l,o".1 " [ " .. II:"
....1"" I of rru
R__
l TTII
T[

-1

~"O

C~

acs

LECO"".

'aI

OIlI''N'A TN<:;

II••''''' 3 ITII
...bow.

COY\llTTE E

CCI'l.'.

Abb"."U"""

[cosec. lAo It' AD

011". NCO tIT. ""PIlA

I.', "Pl.. tl;C. T I;£ .....

AR loIY

S A" Y
~

"0'< n:
oov rs

--i

1'5.

!"ED.

f'ORE)GS

CSEmo

i\lI!F.

I
STATE "

=u

'AA

• OC AGR C IA COMM.
KC
JUSTIC E U~ "~.
00
"~
OCOM POST OyncE ST "' T E TREU.

m

"'"

CUP'"

The chart Figure 8 shows the 1965 plenipotentiary conference that will affect ham
radio.
There are several types of conferences convened by the ITU. Articles 6 and 7 of the
Convention describe them and set forth the
procedures for calling them. Briefly, depending on the type of conference, they m ay be
convened by the p receding conference of the
same type, or when at least twenty Members
and Associate Members of the IT U have ad,
dressed individual requests to the Secretary
General, or on a proposal of the Administrative Council of the ITU.
PLESIPQTESTIARY
CO!l OI. Y
C.C. I.T.T. '

,

I

Pl.t: ~"'RY

l' I. L "' '''RY
A..<:5 BlIlI.Y
c e .!. ... • •

e.C I.R.
11'< ....- . . ,

I
I
I

8

liE "-TIn
O~

THUST

TEIIII.

v• .

FIGURE

SUp.... "",

I·... ~ ...M...

fl'< ...........

~M'
.~

To""

7

A United States Delegation for a conference
is made up prior to the holding of the conference and, in general, is composed of persons from Covemment and industry who are
familiar with the subject matter of the conference and have participated in the preparatory work.
\ Ve now have three excellent Amateur
Radio Magazines to express our views.
T hrough these mediums we can express our
views and have some amount of control over
the problems, They, in tum, realizing the
power of the printed word will lise only those
things that benefit ham radio. \Ve have too
many pesudo experts who rant and rave on
the ham bands (with the world listening )
about a sub ject that is unbelicvaeahly complex wh ile our competition for spectrum allocation has a group of Washingto n attorneys
carefully studying every move and this in tum
is coldly calculated and released for publicity.
Othe r groups have taken to poison pen writing
and promiscuous mailing, Still other groups,
especially clubs have some very fine magazmes.
We need lobbying help but there is a way to
do it. \Ve have many hams in important places
-Senators, Congressmen, sons of ex presidents,
high military officers and many others. By
proper action the group who is presen ting our
case can use help-so- know your ARRL
Director an d see th at he rep resents you read
CQ and keep in tune with the times. So let's
cooperate and preserve our bands-it is time
for everyone to accept what the best minds in
73 MAGAZ I N E

radio can d o for us. The d ie is cast for 1965
I'I'Li--ler's be sure we don't lose bands-let's
gain some-with your letters and ideas to the
magazines-we will h ave the strength of
250,000 minds welded in to a single master
plan to see that ou r wonderful, u sefu l necessary amateu r radio g rows and p rospers.
This is th e time for QST , CQ, and 73 to do
a yeoman job in p resenting the b est sid e of
amateur radio.
. . . W 2D UD

-

HUNDREDS OF TOP OUALITY
ITEMS-Recf'I1"en. Transmitters,

AIlcroJ)honl!ll. J n vel'ten, Power S uppll!!lI. Meters. Phones. Antennas, Indlcawrs. Io"tlte rs. T ransformers. Am vUfle n, rteedsets. Converters. COntrol
Boxes, nme metcre, T ('St Equ ipment•
!olaton.
Blowers,
Cable.
K eyers.
Cbokes. Handsets. Swltcbes. etc. . e tc,
S",nd lor lo'roo Catalog-D ept, 13.

Club Announcements
W in A Trip t o Bermuda !
Tired of con tests wh ere the on ly a wa rd is a
fancy p iece of wallpaper? The Be rmu da A mateu r
Ra d io Contest off e rs f irst prize of o n airlin e ro und
t rip to Bermuda for tw o pl us a week at Carl ton
Bea ch, Be rmuda' s ne west hotel. In addi tion, h igh
score r in ea ch U. S. and Ca na d ia n ca ll d istrict will
receive a ha ndsom e certif ica te s igned by t he Governo r of Bermuda . T he contest will be he ld the
wee kends of May 2, and May 16, and is for
singl e ope ra tor phone or CW sta tions on 80
throug h 10 m e te rs. Log sheets a nd com p let e ru les
ca n be obta ined from the Con test Com mi ttee, Ra dio Soc iety o f Be rmuda , P.O. Box 27 5, Ha m ilton ,
Bermuda .
Birmingham Hamfest
Th e 1 I th consecut ive sess ion of the
Birm ingham Amate ur Rad io Club will hold
fo rt h in Birmingham on th e week e nd of
May 2 - 3, 1964 . Th e locati on is the State
Fa ir Grounds.
Th e Southern T ier Radio Clubs o f Broome Cou nty
a re ho lding their Fifth Annua l Di nne r on April 4 ,
1964, a t St . John' s Ukra nia n Hall, Virgi ni a Aven ue, Johnson City, New Yo rk . Doo rs ope n a t 5 :00
p .m.; d inner will be served p rompt ly at 7 :00 p .m.
T ickets are $3 .50 per adult a nd $ 1.75 pe r c hil d
u nde r 12 yea rs of a ge; rese rva tions m ust be m ade
by April I. Fo r t ickets writ e Harry Spencer, 1 16 5
Vestal Avenu e, Binghamton. Ne w York.

It. d ucel
Int .rt.r,nu
and
", , 1.. . n All .hku SIl.rt
W I . . Reuin". Mlkn W.rhl
Wid'
Rec.ptlln
Stnn,er.
CI.."r I n All Band.1

F,r A LL A.,tlur Trani .
Mitten. GuarantHd , ,,
&00 Wath Pow.r 'ar Pi ·
'ht .r Link Dlnct FI".
LIIIlt. N.at. W.atller"r..'

COmplf'lf' IS s hown total 1l'rll'lh 102 ft . wjth 96 ft . of a oh m
ba lance.! reec u ne. HI- Impart ....ulded ~I.lt tral.'~ . I \\~. II uL
I- I ~- 10nl'l. You Jult tune l.O de.lred band fur beamlUt. re ~ u lta.
Y.,Il:e U..nt for AL.L world ·wlde .bort -ttl" reeel " " .nd
I m ll ~ u r lrl n~ m ltt.n. I"or :SOVJl: F. AXD ALL CU S S "M.A T E lIltS I !IOO EXTRA T eX EnS OR GADGETS NEEDED I
F:: lI ml natea 5 ~f' pa rst. anlr ..n.. with e:ll'f'II..nl performa"'"
I'uara nl l'ed.
IneOnSD icuous for s noot)' neilhborh oods l .sO
UA YWmE HU U~E A..PPEAltAN CEI EASY J.NtlTAI LATJUN I
80 - 40-20- 15- 10 me te r ba ndl. Complele
SI4.15
40·20·1 5-10 me ter ba nd•. 5..-t t. tn t. (b t for Iwl'l )
15.15
SEND ONLY ".00 (e.l h. cll:.• 010) an ,l pa1 poltma. b, IIDee
CO D plu l post a le on a rrhat or aend lull price for pwtpald
de U" rJ'. Complete In,tallition <\ t~h nlrll' tnnruetl onl furn lshed. Ft<'e Info rma tton on ma ll)' ot her all band antenna s.
",rdhlDle only Irom :
WE STER N RAD IO De pt . A7 .4 Kearn ey, Neb ra Ska

TV CAMERA
ot

We hue the lowest prlcel and comple te l tock
111 eomPOnenu
lor maUnl' your o.... n H a m TV or clOied erreun T V etlmrn
plul esclull...e VA!IOGU AR D prt nted circuit.. and In('red lbl,.
low pr l('f!1 on Fl.9 1f'n11 with t owl ln&, maunte. COmvlete rU d:Jte -cpeeete cametn abo "allable at the loweat vr leel you'lI
en r find .
For 010"' Intormatl on, price lilt. and photOI,
sf'nII. I made it dear that what I was opposed
to was simply the downrig ht degradation a nd not to
incent ive itself. Furrherrnore, I p roposed a simple and
r ea sona ble solution which has been the basis of u pgj-ading
ev er-y license p rivilege s ince K ing d om Come. A copy of
my lett er is at tnch ed. As you will note it was mailed a few
weeks before t he fa t ef ul "unanimo us " dec is io n. F or a ll m y
t r ou ble, I received a r epfy from one \ Ve st Coast director
who said it was a fi ne idea. M y o wu d irector or vice
d irector did not show t he courtesy o f eve n a post card
reply, nor did I get a peep out of t he p resi d t nt or the
li t t le people at headq ua rters, nor was my letter published
or men tioned anywhere. As fa r as I could see the only
negat ive lett ers published we re bitter and uncompromising
in natu re , presumably to make sure that most of t he membership would feel t ha t these objectors were rabid reactionaries who probably didn' t deserve a genera l ticket
in t he firs t place,
I have to admit, \ \"a )'n e, I used t o think you were a
screw-bal! for t ak in g perhaps somewhat violen t stands on
va r-ious cont rove rsial subjects. ~ I a ybe you still are, but I
have been fo llowing you closely on t h is li cen sing question
and you a re right ill t he ir pit ch ing for everyone of us
a nd YOU are r ig ht in t here pitching for ever-yo ne of us
whether we like it or not- and I lik e it .
So, before t he little men a t Xe wington d ecid e t o disclose
any o f t he ir othe r n ine poin ts o f p ro gress, here is my t en
d oll ars for t he I ns t itute o f A ma teu r Ra d io and letts ge t
with it a n d a sou nd and sane r ep r esen t a t ion o f all o f u s
wh o wan t t o p r ot ect ou r beloved avoca t ion fro m w it ho ut
and within.
G ood luck , \ Va yn..., a nd ma y th e or grr nizntion r ise t o t he
occa sto n under yo ur leadership.
73
Sincerely Yours ,
Everett M , H awley, Jr.
K8JTT
Dear M r. Green :
I wish t o take t h is t ime to compliment both you and
your devoted staff fo r your excellent con tributions t o the
field of amateur radio, D u ri n g t h is ti me of d ivided feelings
something is needed to stand fast and defend t he t rue
radio ama teur, This is w hat you are doing, P lea se conrin ue t o hold your ground. There are many of your fello w
hams standing behind you.
I have one suJotgestion in regard to the I ns t itute of
A ma t eur Radio, There are many college students like
myself who find it very d iffi cult t o find the ten dollars
to invest in tl-e verv worth while organizat ion. ~I a y T
suggest a fund for dona tions where hams like myself can
do na te whatever amou n t of money we can spare to support the loA R ?
73,
K8LPD /9
c lo R ose P oly tech n ic I n st itu te
Terre H aut e, I nd ia n a
Dear W a y ne :
Be ing a ncwspapcrmnn a s well as a n "old-timr-r" (first
tic ket 191 6 ) I am n ot too av id in this " Letters T o T h e
Editor" bit. B n t as I had occasion to wri te your Eirculat ion D epa r-t men t anyway, t houg ht I'd toss a bouquet a t
the same t ime,
You A RE doing a ve ry fi ne job now, and have a lways
done so, even when hamst rung by t he Cowan group,
B eing' more or less inactive (ham- wise) t he past couple of
year-a, I wond ered what ever hap pened to "Never Say
Vie, " and it was only wit h in t he past year I not iced "73"
on the newsstands and have consequently been taking the

73 MACAZINE

publication sin c e. F or yuu r over-ell information : I am
( a nd ha ve been fo r yea r s I a member of th e A RRL ; r
disapprove o i the me thods beinJ:' u sed h y th e Hoar d o f
Dir ectors and o r t he "Executive Commitl ~ ": and I am
opposed t o proposal a s set forth by the A RR L . I am of
t he o p in io n that t h ere should be and will 1; 1" some changes
made in th e licen se s t r u c t u re. b u t t h e " P r oposa l " isn 't it !
. \s a ne w spaperman. I lik e y our a p p roach to t h e entire
qu es tio n . b y not J:'oinl{ otT half-cocked, but ra t h er reviewingthc prus an d COil S of a ll t h e fac ts t h a t can b e a s sociat ed,
o r a tT.·.~ t th e propositiun in jud gment .
R. A. Peder sen, W 7FBL
Fallo n, Nevada
(fo r m erly : 9N X 9 C D N
\\'9 FHL K (jZF\V

ARE YOU LUCKY!
We fell in agai n, passing th e sayi ngs to yo u.
I P.274/ Al A. 10, PAN AR AMIC AOAPTER, for 2 meter. 30 MC
in , 10 MC width ; 1l0v 400 cycle
power supply. Quick, easy conversion, t o 60 cycle , sol id . state s
power supply ; also convers ion t o
14 MC input. if desire d. With con,
vers ion schemat ic and inst ructions.
Ex. used , complete w ith 3B p·1 and
17 ot he r t ubes. 7314" w, 5" h, 19" d.
Sh ipp ing weig ht 25 pounds. $ 40 .00
RT18 /ARC,l 100 to 156 MC Tra nsceiver
10 c ha n ~e l, cryst al cont rolled, w ith
se parat e guard (monit oring channel) ,
9.1 MC IF. Complete with 2 832A , and
all ot her tubes. 71/2" h, 101/2" w,
191/2" d. Very excel. used, less 24v
dynamoto r,
$25.00

\\' 7FH L. )

D ear O .M . :
I am enclos jng a COP}' of a leiter t o t h e A R R L . w hich
you will see by t h e da t e wa s sen t t o t h e m at t h e b eg-in n in go i t h eir Guerilla \\'a r fa r e. T OOa)·. F ebruary 29. marks
t h e 1"11<1 of m y membership in t h e ARRL. I d o n ot in t en d
t o rene...... fo r I feel t h a t t h ey do n o t r e present t he .....ish e s
o f t h e H am fra t e r n ity. And . I k no w o f m a n )' mo r e H a m s
t hat are l/;o illJ{ to take the same a c t ion . m a ny hnve alread y
done so.
It is m y o p in ion t h a t the who le llWS S is w it h ou t r ea son .
\V h )" ? a t t h is la t e d at c mus t the H a m s snddcnly be upg- r a rle. l ? All th e p a st yea r s shou ld have been u sed t o
upg-rade th e d ig nit y a n d .·f) lIs id erat io n fo r t h e II a m s a rou n d
t he wo r ld . t hi s ha s n ot been d on e. A ll th r oul{h his t ory a n d
in a ll endeavo rs, some b r ig-h t boys have a lwa y s m oved in
wi t h schemes t o d ivide a nd con q uer . always w it h t h e th eme
t hat the}" a re doing it fo r t h e good of t h e people. who are
being- d ep r-i ved of t h ei r r ilCh ts. Cou ld it he t hat some bright
boys have mo ved in to head q u a r ters and arc st ir r in l{ up
t h is mess so that in t h e ilI..lee, the H a m s w ill he so badfy
disorlCallizeo:l , t ha t some specia l int er-e st s can pira t e some
of ou r b a nds? Anyone with an o unce of J{re }' matt er ca n
see tha t the whole mews is out r ag eous.
I was a H a m hack in 1908 , I have a g s-andfnthe r- ts right
t o a n E x tr a Licen se .hnt haven't felt that I should g-o t o
th e t rouhle to act it at Illy age.

Thank t h e L or d tha t a ll th r ough history when a CTl S1 S
d evelops som eone s t a nds o ut above a ll t o ca r ryon t h e
figh t . it looks like yo u a re t h e one t h is t ime.
I wa s a c ha r t er rncrnber o f th t old ~atiollal Amate ur
\\' ir el e ss A ssociatio n. This grou p a n d H u g o G ern sback,
:'I l a jor Arll1stroRg. D e Forea t a n d m an y o t he r s sa v ed a ma t eu r r ad io wh en we w ere su p posedly sen t do wn t o below
200 :'Il e t er s . in t h e r at h ol e . T he amateu rs dug- t h eir wa y
o ut with s ta r tl in g r esult s .
Later, :'I lr. ~f a :<:i m came up w it h t h e id ea o f H a m s
rela )' ilIK messa g es fro m p o int t o point . th is caught on lik e
wildfir e and w a s the hi rth of the L ea g-u e. Xatu r al ly ),f r .
~ [a:<: i lll wa nted to con trol h is c h ild . a nd h e did a good job .
but before he pass ed over t he t orch. he sh o u ld have r e org au ixe d, which is t h e th inl{ h e -« ou ld h a v e d one t o a
person al fortune.
T h e m embers are t he s t ock holde r s , th e y sho u ld el ect
t h e I'rc s".; V . P .• a n d t he b oar d of d ir ec t ors . A fin an cial
s t atemen t sho u ld he p ublished yea rl y. t he same as a
corpora tion h as t o d o. A su rnm a r y o f sala r ies paid and
t r a vefiu g ex p enses sho u ld a lso b e availa ble t o an}" mem ber
who asks for it. A com p lete r eorgan iz ation is de fi rrit ely in
order . bu t ho w can it be done?
I predict t ha t th e F C C w ill turn do wn th is propo sal
wit h a Hang : They have rlone a 1{00t1 job in t he p a st,
and I can n ot bring mpelf t o believe t h at th e y will g o
hack a ll th e g r-eat \\' isd o m t hat t he y u sed in 1952.
I .....o uld think t h at th e eq u ip men t manufa c tu re r s would
r a il }' beh ind you in a b ig wa y, a ft er a ll th ey will be t he
big lo sers if t h is is put o ver. T he lea g ue is n ot "Sa crosa nc t."
I hope that I have n ot bored you wti h my P er so n al
Opin ion s. I am jus t a n o ld t imer. who .....a nted t o g et it
off h is ch es t.
P a u l r, R a smussen K 7E M L
APRI L 196-1

~;;;;;;~ RTB2/APX.6, 1296 MC Transponder (t ransceiver)

t

ru nes the 1296 MC ham, or " moonbounce"
ba nd . Com plet e wi t h al l t ubes. Very excellent used.
$ 11 .00

SCOOP
HEAT DISSIPATING TUBE SHiElD S
SCOOP
See page 24 to 27 . Feb. 1964 i ssue of 73. For miniat ure

\~~,s'h~~~efO~Y 7C ~~~H.

high , f or 7 pin
2"
I V2" high, f or 9 pin
CHOICE
CHOICE 4 f or $ 1. 10
Shield base Miniature Tube Sockets .
Clean .goed «t ake-cut s."
___
7 pin ceramic
7 t or $ 1.00
9 pi n, mica filled, t an
7 t or $ 1,00
•
9 pin ceramic
6 f or $ 1.1 0
9 Pin tu be Stra ight eners. BRAND NEW. by STAR. All metal.
3'5c each, 3 f or $ 1.00
Save y Ollr [OC' t- I'lI ho v e n load o f GOt:?0 I E~
T ipto n , Ind . CB EYE BALL QSO on April 12
De Ko lb , Ill. SW A P FEST on Apr . 26
All orden U l'Cpt In eme ese ncr or I' m a t a ham fen. ahl poed
carne d ay 'recel n d . For free " GOO D I E " s heet, l e nd u lf ad·
d ressed sta moed e ll,eloo&-P L E AS E. PLEAl'l.F.-inciude lu ffl clent tea pouae e &. m suranee. Any exce.. ret ur ned with or der.

B C Electronics
Telephone CAlumet 5- 2235
23 33 S. M ich igc n
Ch ica go 16, lIIino;s

A.,..

VHF
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•

OPE RATO RS II

Greater Signal
Reduced TVI
Max. Pwr. to An, Antenna
Match COal to Balanced Line
Match Coax to COal Lines
Built i n SWR Bridge
6 and 2 meter swi tchi ng

ANTENNA MATCHBOX
lM-6N2-C $64.50
Gray w/white panel
TVI ON 6 AND 2 1 1 1
Superior to low Pass type filt ers.
Hi,Q Reson ant Cavity Filter ing
Removes both Harmonic and Sub-Harmonic energy .
50 DB or great er attenuation of energ, out side 6 or 2.
CF.2 $ 15.7 5
CF·6 $ 19.7 5

W HIT E (or l Dl'eI on the se and othe r ten quality CO"t AJ ItE
\'In' proo:.lUI.'"II. All o. l ubS("fl be to the \ YHFER , the VHF
t", l h1en monthly Journal . ~a mple eopy on request .

COMAIRE ELECTRONIC, Box 126, Ellsworth, M ich igon

Correction
Through a typographical error RG8/U was priced at
81 f eet f or 69c (a fantast ic bargain if true!). The correct
pri ce is 69c, 4 f or $ 2. 50 for 6 f eet with UG·59A/U
at each end (st ill a bargain , but t hi s way we don't go
broke) .
B C Electron ics
2 33 3 S. M ichig on A.,e ., Ch icogo 16 , Ill in o is

8.

•

The
Vertica I

J
a sim ple, ill e.rpellsive
six meter antenna
Jim Ky le K5JKX

12 36 N.E. 44 th St .
Oklahoma City, Okla .

Ilaving trouble working 6-meter mobiles
w ho're using whips, with your home-station

beam?
Or m ayb e you're interested in an omnid irectional antenna for C D net use w hich you
can put up or take down in a h eck of a hurry?
O r maybe yo u just wa nt a sim ple and inexpensive skywire for Six, which you can put
together in a very few minutes and which will
perlonn excellently ( although admittedly, it's
not in the same leagu e w ith a d-elemeut or
bigger beam ) .
If any of these situa tions fit you , you mi ght
cons ider using a vertical J. That's what we
call it in the Midwest, although th e lellows

out in 6-1and know th e same antenna as "the
grounded J," This is a simple, fast-to-build antenna which meets all the needs ou tlined
ahove.
This is not a radical new an tenna. Its b asic
principle has been included in the VHF antenna portion of every ARRL handbook I have
ever seen, all the way b ack to the 1943 ed ition. Bu t this is a case of something bein g so
old it's new again!
Around Oklahoma C ity, the first vertica l )
went up something like four years ago ( naturall y, I mean the "fi rst" of the new gen eration ) . It took quite a wh il e to catch on-but
today marc stations arc equipped with Js than
are not.
Which isn't saying that Okla . City is a vertical area, for it's not. M any if not most of the
j -equipped stations are a lso equipped w ith
beams. The J is used for local net work and
ragchew ing with mobiles; the beams come into
play when DX is availab le or w hen extended
groundwave is the ohject.
82

So what is this device? Fig. 1 shows wha t it
looks like ; the long element is ~ wave long
w hile the shorter one is ~ wave. I n essence,
this is an end-fed h alf-wave , using a shorted
q uarter-wave section of parallel transmission
line ( the lower sections) as an impedance
transform er. \ Vhile it's possible to feed it directly w ith 50 ohm coax by connecting the
shield to th e grounded stra p across the bottom
and tappin g th e inner cond uctor several inches
up either elemen t, the preferred feed method is
shown in Fig. 2- a half-w ave "trombone" b alun
to provide 208 ohm b alan ced feed , which is
then tapped up h ath elemen ts at the proper
point.
W here is th is "proper poin t?" It will depend
to a large d egree on just how you put the
antenna together; best practice is to d etermine
it w ith the aid 01 an SWR bridge as will b e
explained later, b ut it's usu ally w ithin 6 inches
01 the bottom.
Before w e look at some more-or-less detailed
cons truction d ata , let's examine th e advantages
a nd disadvantages of this antenna. O n the advantage side you have omnidirectional pattern
resulting from the vertical polarization ; lack
of cross-polarization loss when working to
whip-eq u ipped mobiles; ease of co nstru ct ion;
and p ositive ground ing if recommended co nstructiou practice is followed. On the disadvantage part of the ledger you find the introd uction of cross-polarization when working
horizontal stations, and lack of any antenna
gain ( althou gh this ante nna is usually credited
with 3 db gain over a ground plane, for no
tenable theoretical reason that I have been
able to locate ).
If you want one of these, at this writing,
you'll have to build it yourse lf since no one I
know of makes a commercial model. T his, however, is not hard to do. Start ou t with a long
20S .....

I~

L

'-~ ./
6A LA'O CED F[[O ~

LOt«> ./'
1110" AT W ~ USI'O G
RG- S l

f i GU R E

,,-

V 2 .... 4..,[

FIG URE

CRG- S. [Ie )

2
73 MACAZINE

,-

A~PRO XI MATEL Y

I"

'I
01
'~

ST~P

0

C GROU"lD
lSEE TE KTl

oj

0

(

0

"

•JO

HOLES f DA

______ S HAPE TO Ct A", P

BOLTS

POLE S

==A:::=====A ==
F IGURE

3

SUpporting mast. Telescoping TV poles will
do. Extend the top end of the mast the required ;!:l wave distance above the upper guying point. This will be approximately 15 feet ,
requiring a 5-foot extension if you u se a telescoping stick.
Shape two straps sim ilar to Fig. 3 from
J~ inch aluminum ( a Hs inch relay rack panel
comes in handy as a source of raw material at
this stage) and bracket the quarter-wave element to the pole just above the guy point as
shown in F ig. 4. Scrape all metal surfaces
clean and tighten screws fully, since this is a
high-curre nt p oint and any resistance will cause
power loss.
Form a sim ila r set of st raps from % inch
Plexiglass or Lucite. Most cities of any size
at all now have pl astic-sign shops wh ich p ro vid e a source of this m at erial from their scrap
piles. To bend the plast ic , soak it in boiling
wate r until it softens and then be nd rapidly,
holding in place until cool. Att ach thi s insulating bracket near the top of the quarter-

2· METER STATION
in one neat package

AR C-t Navy Surp lus T ransmitter R ece iver X m tr. uses
8J2A in fi nal, 20 watts input , with A~l push -putl pla te
mod ulat ion . T en crystal con t rolled chan nels. Freq
rang e 100·1 56 M e. R eceiver has ex t ra. separa te guard
chan nel wh ich can be tun ed for ~'ou r net freq uency.
Complete with tu bes. schema t ic d iag ra m. and convers ion instruction s for A C power su p ply and tunable
o sc illa to r. Shi p pi n~ wt. 60 pound s. Used g ood. $ 29 .9 5

POWER SUPPLY KIT for ARC-!
115 volt s. 60 cycles input. I nclud in g- trans former,
s ilicon rectifi e rs, xunched c hassis. and a ll n ecessar y
part s. Fit s iuaide R e -! case. Shipping- wI. 20 pounds.
$ 2 2.9 5. A vailable abo ut April 5. AR C- I & P o wer
s upply orde red togethe r. $ 5 0 .0 0
\Ve eXl!ect to have a k it a va ilab le for the oscillator
r-onver sto n , a nd a new. labeled front panel. A lso.
com plet ely co n vert ed r ead y-t o -o pera te sets. \V rite for
info a nd prices.

l

I

JEFF·TRONICS

~"

>

-"

AP X -6 I F F Set. Tran sceiver fo r 1296 M e. W ilh
.11 t ubes . Used , good . S hip p in g W t . 50 pou nds.
$ 1 8.5 0

"
•">

w

>

"
•">
w

x

0

~

Selenium Rectifi l.'rs. 3· phase. 14 volts. 60 A m p's.
Leece.Xeville ;;3060 5. for use with L eece -N e vill e
Al ternat or s. Shpg. W t. 6 n». $ 7.7 3

•••

x

0

<

•••

•o

,

_

•

BRACK E T

Selenium R ect ifi ers. sin j;l"le-phase. full- wave brjdee 55
vol ts. 3 amps. 3 ~" x 4 ~" x 8 ~". Usefu l for powering surplus relays. motor s , esc . 3 Ibs. Only $ 1.0 0
General Radio 9 1J· C beat -frequency audio oscillator.
L ow distortion. for audio amplifier testing, U sed •
e xcellen t. Shpg. W t . 60 Ibs. $ 9 5.0 0

Please e nclose sufficient money with
your orele r to cover shipping costs.
Send for our latest flyer.

B ALU N /
COAX

JEFF. TRONICS
4 7 9 1 Memphl l Ave .

FIG U RE
APRI L 1964

CleY eland, Oh io 4 4 10 9

4

ss

,

•
wave d ement to m aintain spacing and to su p port the element.
Now prepare your b alu n as sh own in Fig. 2 ,
and sold er each center conductor ( the 208
ohm connection points ) to a rad iator-hose
clamp of proper size to slip over th e an tenn a
elemen ts. Slip the clamps over the e lement s
( th is may require partial di sassembl y of the
antenn a or m ay not, d epending on you r damps.
If yo u use the " un iversal" varie ty, no disassembl y should be necessa ry ) and tighten
them just enou gh to hold in position hut not

LOST

on your receiver dial?
H er e is all a ll n ew 100 K e. c r y st al calibra tor with
whleh )"OU may check 100 K c . p oin t s t h roug h 54 M e.
T h e oscilla tor a nd b uffer are lull y tranaistorieed a n d
b u ilt o n a p r inted circuit boar d. P o w er rcq uir emen rs :
9- 12 v D C a t 2 rna. Fully g u ara nteed .
No COD's. Send c hec k or money orde r. Pri ce $9.95 postpa id

ROBERTS ENTERPRISES

RR ::3, Bre n wood

Est.. No perv ille, Ill inois

2 4 vdc Suppl y Tronsform er. 117/60/ 1 p ri .; 31, 32, 35 &:
36. 7 "lie sec. @ b am ps n ew , t h er ma d or
$8. 50 deli vered
24 v ee , 10 omps. Transform er, 11 5/ 60/ 1 pri.
$ 7. 25 del ivered
SCR- 522 Mcd ulation T ronsformer, n ew ,
$2,25 delivered
T C S Modula t ion Transform er, 6 ,000z C.t. to 6 ,OOOz,
$1 .69 delivered
Broadbond Con ica l Anten na for JOO·3300mc. Type
'X' connector A T 49 .\/ AI'R · 4 new
$5 .50 delive red
120 MFD. 3,000 VDC
CAPACITOR. Oil
5 V4 X 131h X 15 lh OV ER TERM .
60 LBS. SH i PP ING W T.
USED, T ESTED [, GUA RA N T EED
$ 38. 50 F.O.B.l.A.

OMPANY
SATISFACTIO N GUARANTEED

1147 Ve..lce ••Yd., Los Aligeles 15. Calif•
PLASTIC GUY LINE! Br a id ed P ol y et h ylene ..... ill meet a ll
your .retluiremen ts. fo r a non con~uct h·~. all- wea t h er gU)' lin e.
Special C~lIls t ru~t lon a llo ws e~slly adj ustable loop s wh ich
a re self ti g htening under rensrou. R epla ce your- r u st y wir e
guys with this material an d n ever ill' bothered wi t h g U}'ing
p r ohlem ngam. Send 2Se fo r sample an d complete det a ils.
1/4" 1000 lb. t est 4e /foo t
C heek or M .O . to
5/ 16" 1400 lb . test 5e/ foo t
BYRON AI RPARK
3/0" 2000 lb . test 8e / foot
l / Z" 3400 lb. test 14e/ foot
R.R. 3 X e nia. O " io

LOOKING? SHOPPING? TRADING?
TRYING TO SAVE MONEY?
Write Bob Graham for Spe cial Deals on New and Recond itioned used lear. Cash or Budlet.

Graham Radia
Dept. C., Read ina:, Mass.

Tel: 944 ·4000.

.
T O N S OF

AMATEUR

EQUIPMENT

--

IN

ST OCK

\V\VIE$lrtEIRU~ I~A\IDIIO
SAN DIEGO
1413 India Street
BE 9-0361
MON • FRI 8,30 to 8,00
SAT 8,30 to 5,00

84

so tight that they cannot be m oved. Using
strap braid or salvage shielding from a short
ch un k of coax, conned the common g round
point of th e balun assembly to the center of
the alu mi num bracket hold in g th e q uarterwave element on. This provides an elect rical
g rou nd at this point.
Now hoist the antenn a to an ap p roxima tely
vertical position and feed in some rf. If you
have a sou rce of about 5 watts or less you
can m ak e ad jus tments with power in the line ;
If you use higher power it's best to turn th e
rig off un less you have a special fondn ess for
rf bu m s. \ Vith an S\Vn. bridge in the coax,
preferably as closely as possible to the balun.
slid e the clamps up and d own on the ant enna
until you get a re adin g of 1.0 ( or as close
to this as yo u ca n ) at youI' favo rite operating:
frequency.
The only remain ing step is to tighten the
d amps d own firmly so th ey won 't slide. and
waterproof an connections hy sp raying wi th
Krylon or sim il ar p last ic. Tape the coax to th e
side of the mast as you raise th e antenna into
position , and prepa re to work the world !
If you have never experimen ted w ith crosspolarizat ion . he prepared for a su rprise . Losses
d ue to this factor alone can be as great as 20
db . This means th at you may find 20 db improvement on w hip -eq uip ped mobiles compared to your past result s w ith a beam -but
it also mean s you may find 20 d h loss on haloeq uip p ed mobiles or beam -equipped fi xed
stations. St rangely enough , on Sporad ic-E
( skip) signals th e cross polarization seems to
mak e little d ifference . Some theories tend to
hold th at polariza tion rotates during reflection , w hil e others hold that m ost in coming
skip signals are vertical. Whatever the rea son,
you'll have add itional enjoym ent on 6 m et ers
if y O ll put lip both a J and a benm, with a
switch to allow inst ant selection. And you'll
almost never suffer cross-polarization loss th at
way. either!

Letters
Dea r W ay n e :
L~'ill g on m)' b a ck in a hos pital b ed for pretty close to
a mon t h gave me a chalice t o really go over t h e s t ill
ra t he r numer o us pieces of ma il wh ic h th e X Y L g racious.ly
hr uu g h t t o me ea ch af ternoon.
\V it h a brenk like t h is, I was able t o sort from among
the various pieces {incl ud jng the usua l "r iff -rn ff" which
we a ll get and resent) the items which r eall y had "mea t"
ill them. I kept coming back time after l im e to the
lXSTl TUTE of A:\IAT E U R RA D I O which )o'OU initialed in 1962. W e ig hin g this against wha t we have had
in t he p a s t eome 50 yea r's in t h e w a y of amateur radio
represen ta t ion , it became in crea s in g l y appa ren t to me that
very definitely a change wa s in d icated. A s I r ea d more
a nd m or e, t h r ou g h your editor-ials ill "73" and t h e occas iona l I oAR lurllctin s, t he mor e th oroughly I b eca me
convinced t h at yo u h all a n e w a n d Is-esh g rasp on t h e reo

73 MAGAZINE

•

COMMUNICATIONS SPECIALS
NEW EQUIPMENT
USED COMMERCIAL AND
MILITARY GEAR

FREQUENCY METERS
---

General Rad io 1110·A II lus·
trated . _.'
100.00
.'
Covers 10-200 MC w ith .001 %
accura cy-wit h P.S.

Motorola FM Mobile Equ ipment

FMTR·4 1V 12 watt 3G-SO Me 12 volt
FMTR·80D 30 watt 3D-50 Me 6 volt
FMrR·80D 30 watt 30-50 Me 12 volt
FMTR-140D 60 watt 30·50 Me 6 volt

fMTR·1400 60 watt 30·50 Me 12 vert
FMTRU-80D 30 watt 150-160 Me 12 volt

. _

39.95
39.95
44.95
44.95

FREQUENCY
METERS

49.95
52.50

Scantlin Model 1315 Selector
Ill ustrate d
42.00

r5-173 Covers 90-450 MC with
power supply
125.00
15-175 Covers 8Q.lOOOMC. Uses
Batteries . . . . ,
100.00
r5-32 3 Covers 20·4 50MC with
power supply
150.00

plications to enab le se lective
calling of one station from a

RTTY

15 inch case fo r 800 and 1400 Units
10 inch case f or 41V
_. _. .. . .

2.50
4.00

This unit is a device used in
radio-t elephone and ot her ap-

group of stations. It is ccmplete ly compat ible w ith existing

AN-fCC-] Repeater Set
34.95
Capable of rece iving t eletypewriter sia-nals in audio or di·
rect current f orm havi ng up to
45 % dist ortion and reseneret ing t he siJnal to have less
t han 5 % dlstortlon.
URA-8A Converte r . . . . 165.00
URA-BA Comparato r
35.00
All
Equi pment
fOB
Boston,
Mass.

Bell System telephone rnstaue-

tions. The selec tor perfo rms
t he fun ctIon of t ranslat ing a
ser ies of 1500 & 600 cycle
coded audio f requency sig nals
in to a switching act ion which operates a sound transducer
and call light.
ROR Re ceiver 200-40 0 MC 12 VDC ... . ,
10 pr e-set channels - cry st al controlled

FM SALES COMPANY

24.50

1100 TREMONT STREET

qu ire ment s , leg a l and o t her w ise , which would serve t o
k eep ham radio alive and active. It has b ecom in cr easjngly
o b vio us that present representation t h roug h what bas bec o me a more or less "n r nn g" organization (A RRL) has
fa llen b y the wayside and contin ues to do so. Rather t ha n
being- represen ta tive of t he amateur body a s a whole, it
has d egene rated ill to " a ma t eu r r ad io for the fe w elite"
who si t in t he lop spots. P erhaps a few in the u pper
b rack et s were beg-in n inK to see the hand-w r it ing on t he
wa ll. . \ 5 the say inK g o e s , " 111.'11 wa s paved with good in teution a." \\'llile I have neve r had a ny pa rt icular admiratiou for B ud lo n g, he did d o a better job t ha n H u n t oon has been a ble t o compe t e wi th. B ein g o f t he "old
school," I st ill d eplore the lack of leaders like H ira m
Percy ~I a xim Jr_, a nd C larence Tusko. I joined t he
L eague which they establ ished, along about 1914 and
found it run honestly a nd with sincerity: t wi sh I could
say so now ! On the con t ra ry, I have found it esse n t ia l
t o send t he ARRL a letter terminatinK my me mber ahip
t herein ( co p )" enclosed for yo u r' information ) . I t hink that
a very great number o f their membership, has done the
same.
At some instig-ation fro m t he P a cifi c Nor thwest area of
radio a mateu rs, I ran s uccessfu lly for V ice-D irector of
this sec tion, and served in th is capacity tor th e full t wo yenr t er m (Jan. I , 1957 t o J an . I, 19 59 ) . \V ha t with
fi nancial reports as well a s admin istrat ive order copies,
I reall y became ap palled. \ Vhen elect ion s for D irec t or
came up, I wa s urg-ed t o put in my oar : ( th is may sound
like " eKO·· lout I d on't mean it that way }. I frankly r eo
fused altho ug h { m aybe " ego" again) I feel that I c ou ld
have pro bably over come the in c u m bent , I wanted no part
o f it; I had seen enoug h o f that kind o f polit ic s during
Ill)" per iod o f s er vice (?) as Vice- D irector ! This divisio n
has jlone a lon g for way t oo man y yea rs with t he sa me
d irec tor wh o ha s ac t unll y accom pl ished not hin g' fo r the
a mateu rs of his d iviston . Granted that perhaps a very
great d eal of t he fa ult li es with t he hams t hemselves , as
t hey very e viden t ly lIi,l nol tell t he d irector what they
t hought ; w ha t t hey wanted , yet it does not excuse the
direct or from p u tting his finKer on the pulse o f h is divis ion, wbich he did not a nd does no t d o , other t ha n
a t tending loc a l, reg-ional a nd d iv isio na l "conven tio ns"
where a lot o f vocal "blow-hard" s u p posedly t a kes t he
place of s inc er e ac tion.
Frankly, I don' t like t o write th is kin d o f a letter a nd
s eldom d o. It seems t o 1,1.' in or d er in this in st a nc e ho..... APRI L 1964

BOSTON 20, MASS.

RT82 / APX 6 1215 -1 2'l6mf." the . : A:'lY .&)'
:SEW
UP M8 TpsU A PX 6.27 'ruees , 10 n lntlt' l ... X ta ls
.G O
Coax Cable . Conn ts APX6 to UP M8 . .
, .;X
RTl 8/ AR C I 1110· 156 mc Transl't'lfe r
, .:X
RT58/ A RC I2 225 · 350 me. W / 4:! IU~s . :! -~ C39.\· s . . . , I-:X
C45 Cont rol nOl ror ARC I & AH C l 2
Jo:X
T496 / A LT7 16H. 3f> :!rnc. W /2· 616 n . 12-2n-IILOWF. R }: X
B O IOO RTT Y S W B O W /1O ·RK 2. A I'ule r It e la n
. :X
BLO WER , AX IV A NE, oc CJo'.M . 12-24\'.\1.;- 11(: LI K}:

24 . t 5
11.50
1.50
37.50

BLOW ER HA S H F I LTER . nc . r'uncr H HO
x ew
B LOW E R H ASH F IL TER, AC - l lC. Mp rallue JX 5n.l

1.00

~9. ' 5

1.25
22 .f>1l
23, .5

x ew 1I.'s

X ~;W
1. 25
l la r ,lwltr e (fi r Blower
l.IK E !'01'; W 1.00
R M53 Use it t o make '· Macy Ph one P att h"
... ':-;-EW 2.00
WE ST ON :;00 M I CR O MfR . 0-60 ~ (·al<· . 2 ~O degree .
.:-;-};W 2.;;0
TSI2 STAND . WAVE ME TER, 9305-9 H 5mc. 60 ...r
. upply
.. ' . , . .
.
. . . . F.X ~3 . 50
TS3 62fASGI O l ·r ~c1 . lon 'r t mer & Y T :\I<·g llt'f
~;X . ;' .110
TS59 're ster for .\I ' :S1 400 -4 000 root ra mie
. _0 00 0 12_00
LAJ· I II cwlN t -I 'ackarcl A udio Osc. 20 - 200000 ...y :S1': W 45. 00
LOCAL IZER · COUPLER . W / a U TU ~I &. Rela r s LlK }:
XEW 4 .r 5
10 59 W 13n P I CRT &. a n T ube •. F.X for P llnatlaplof I-:X U .M
I P 224 /A P S38 SWEEP AMP_ W , 2 · 5933 / 80; " " s . !'OEW 6 .r 5
APXI 1t'so tulloCl -A W art'houst' of I'll " ~
G OO U 3. 25
TN8 Tunln/( l 'nlt for AI'XI wl3 tu bt's
. , GoolJ 1.00
M92U DY NAMI C MIC. EX for Citi zen Ra nders
EX 2.s0
A R N7 R EC VR . IOIl -l<50k e . 4 ha n,I• . ~llpp r hl't .. GOon 12.50
C4 CO NT ROL BOX fo r AR :S7 REf' EIV EIt ... . . , :S EW 2.50
O Y I2 D YNAM OT OR ror ART IS. 21lVil C
. }: X 4.•5
IN VERTER . ::HV IlC·11 5'"AC 400
2.500VA30:!:!sOV AHl
F:X 14. 50
U E_I LO RA N PR EC ISI ON TI MER . 3 ' 1 ~ 9 I bs. w /n ocx.
1.1'/ 4.0.011
LAV O I E IOsS M F RE Q. M ET E R. 3 ' 5· '2~h n c. )[od ula ted
GOOn 9.50
RA 66 B POW E R SU PPLY. 60 "}., 10" & 300 ," HC ot-r
noon 9 .t 5
IC /VRW7 WI R E RECOROER asvnc W lI h wma
~fr", ntl n/(

"'Y.

Go o n

~ , 511

ATl41 /ARC27 ANT . 225- H llmc . Yf;W It Cali hra t ~d X I': W 4 ,'~'
PRS3, 1953 l l Otle1. Locates Pipe & B urted llN al XF.W 3;. 50

BOX 294 Boy So int Lou is
E• C• HAYDEN
M iss issipp i
Sh ipm ent : FOB Bo y Sa int Lou is. Term s : Net, Co sh_

WA NTED
K\V Suppl ies 2.500V + , h igh pow e r m od ul ators,
power supplies, transformers and like th at,
\ Vh a t h a ve yo u got?

George Petrilak
132 5th Ave .,

King s Park, N. Y.
85

-

res

DYNAMOTOR
N EW

$3.95
post
paid !
12 V. DC
input
400 V. DC

output
@ 200

mills

ap prox.
Weight

12 ibs.

We also have the largest stock of parts on the west coast,
Relays,

Meters, Tubes,

Xformers

(60

ton),

Resist ors,

large & small, Power Rheostats , Headphones, Oil
densers, etc. Write your needs. Dow, W6LR

Con-

L. R. ELECTRO NICS CORP.
Pasadena, Ca l ~.
MU·rray·19009
Zip Code 91107

3529 E. Colora do Blvd.
Area Code 213
SYcamore 6-5521

SEMI·CONDUCTOR SALE
FACTORY TESTED ! GU ARANTEED !

~o

o
o
o
0

o
0

0
0

o
o
o
o
o
o
O
o
0

o
o
o
o
0
o

" TEXAS"
150 WATT
Transistors

6 Upr l,ht Ze ner Ol odes, aut w itt $t
l IN 429 Zener RefeAnees, 6 nIts $1
I ! N3S T et rod e 150 M e npn . TOl8 51

I 2 N705
I 2N718
6 reu,
10 PN P

300 MC. 300 MW . sil, npn
npn I i i. " Planar, " 100 me
750 mi l 400v Redifien
S witchin, Tr a M iston

$1
$1

B

$I

$1

10 N PN Swi tc hing T ra nsis t ors

$I
5 Ph lleo 100 Me Mad t Tra nsls ton $I
I-lOW S lIleon Mesa , npn, 2 N l648 $I

FREE FLYER
#771 , , , Full of
Bargains!!!!!
CATALOG SOC
::1 273 ... " How To Build
l ow Cost TV Cameras"
Cata log #1273 plus
LARGE Size schematic $1,50

Phone: 203 -875 -5198

86

2NIQ.46
2NI907
only

$1

ex A RRL M em b er

" TEXAS"
20 WATT
Tran sistors

Dear Wayne:
\Vit h a ll t he fuss a n d bother of m oving in to a new
apartmen t I h aven 't been p a y in g much a tten tion t o t h e
licensing c on t rove r sy latel y, but I am enclosin g $20 for
j-ou r effo rts in beha lf of amateu r r ad io t h r oug ho ut the
w o rld - ..... ith pl ea sur e. I feel it 's only a small fraction o f
.....hat it's w o r th t o m e personall y t o keep ha m radio in tact
as fa r a s frequen cies are concer ned . I app r ov e o f yo u r
st a t ed principles and hope t h ey will brillK our aims a t th e
Con fer ence to fr u it ion .
Y ou will notice that I ha ve a lso enc losed my vo te in
you r poll, h u t it's n ot on o ne o f your blanks, but 0 11 som e
t hat Bill O rr p r inted up for t h e occasion , as you u n -

in TOS ease
with heat l ink

2
for $1
o

Li b 2 NI038

Free Ca ta logl
Add Post a ge I

P. O. BOX 942A
So. Lynnfield, Moss.

YOUR ON E COMptETE SOURCE
for HAM·TV, ATV, CCTV
Equ ipment. , •
Test Monotrons type
1698 only $9.95 pp

N4m, u,i,hhrlJ tI.f ,.e questeJ , R e 0"" lo'ation : if on)'on'
'"m come "p u'iJh • pIa,. wh#!,., u'. Uln get b)' al i".:>:pe"I,,,dy a' ,,'. a,.. I'll lill,.". 1 doubl it , T here . ,., olher
f""on 100 : ou ,. mou"tllin VH F Ihad if I·j,.t"aJly "niq".
, ,, th"t U 'C' , ,, ,, Ihoot " lig",,1 on any VHF band ,.;ght on
Jou n to W "lhi"gton; , hil ;1 011.$ of th e moll beauljful
",eal in th e count , y; big cit;el and pubJi,,,tio'l printers ",e
aU nea, by,

20 Amps
10 Me gn: yd es

15 Germa niu m Diodes, IN34 equal s $ 1
4 Precisi on Ze ner Refere nces, n ia ' $ 1
3 Zener 6 yolt dio des, I watt . . ... , 5 1
z-cune Watt 2 N34 1 npn, su.. T08 $1
1- 8SW " Dr ift" Mesa 2 N I2 12 npn 51
I-8SW S ilicon Mesa 2 N424 npn
$1
3-20W Tra nstr! , 2 NI320 , pn p, T OI O 51
2- Mesa np n Si licon Tra ns islors, 4W 51
IS Raytheon I NoJ3oJ Silicon Oi odu 51
S G. E. 2 NI07 Tra ns il tors, pnll ,., 51
oJ G. E. 2 N170 Tra nl istors, R F, npn $1
2 4Q W Tran str!, 2 NI7.J T0 36 slyle $1
2 SOOme Mesa pnp Tran l is ton .", $I
IS pn p Tran st r! , a n i types &. easel $I
IS npn Tran st n , asst types &. easel $1
10 Fa mous CK722 Tran s isto rs , pn p $1
2 2:1·amp Si li con P ower reets. st Ud $1
4-Texas 2 N I 11, nun, st ttcon, T0 22 $ 1

POLY PAKS

ever, as I th ink that all o f us, a t lea st th e major-ity who
arc dyed-in-the-wool hams, arc mainl y interes ted in p reserving a n d fo stering the g ra nd and g lorious "hobhy" of
ham r adio . In present adm in ist rative ha nds (yes, I m ea n
ARHL), it is b ecoming less an d les s of a "hobby" and
mo re and more of a "pol it ical" issue; t h ere is you r chance
to b r ing it h ack where it belongs , t h r u IoAR.
S ure, I k now, as d oe s every ha m w ith a fe w )l'arS
background, th at com m er oial an d milit a r y in terests, co n t in u in g t he ir light of ma ny yea rs. are c on st a n t ly t r )' in~
to "grab" o u r frequenc ies. It is going to take intelligent
( not political) r epr esentat ion for t h e hams as a wh ol e, to
hold together what we have; again , there is your opportunity.
I could KO on a nd on, \V a yn e, and ac tually !.'3)' little
m ore . I t h in k th e a bove p a r a g r a phs ex p ress m;>' indi vi du al
fee lings. I a m goi n g t o add only a fe w wo rds of "caut io n"
if you want t o call it th at , T h e ARN!. as w e a ll kn ow,
after sol ic it ing funds from a ny m em b er who w ou ld stand
st ill for it , b uilt themselves a most impresaivc new h ead quarters buildin g . T o a m ore m od est e xte n t (3 7 room
house. plu s a recen t ly a cq uired t en rOO11l domicile t o whic h
ca n be add ed a 5 r oom mo untain-top VHF spot) , you
a re d a nger ously a pproaching a p a r allel . ~I a ybe you and
V irKinia haven' t cons idered , and maybe fr o .....n on, a midcont inent location, b u t you migh t keep it in m ind in t he
event of fu t ure expansion! A n a wful lo t of hams w it h
.....hom I h a ve t al k ed (and t h ey've been ma n)' o ver t h e
past half-centur y ), seem t o r e sent t h e idea of a ham
headqu a rt rs being' wa y up in t h e n o rt h ea stern p art of the
Uni t ed Sta tes. M a ybe t h is is a hint whic h will let your
g r o wt h KO b y lea ps and bound s . . . ce r t a in'[y th e Mis si s ·
s ip p i valley fo r e xa m ple, doesn ' t h ave 111 1lch m or e s now,
ice and un fa vo rable wea t he r t h an your pa r t of t he co un tr y ! \Ve d on't even k no w what sno w, snow- shovels ell'.
a re in our little 01' P acific N orthwest, but a ctunlly,
you'd b e better off in mid -U'S , adm inistra t iveh l

l\:
,

-- )~\ ­

,g

.- - ,,, .
III

..

"

,

,

•

,,
,,

- -",
I

---

•

I

••

VI DICONS: $34.50 up
1" eleetroma gnetic or
2" electrostatic, your
choice: Grade C: $34.S0
Grade B: $&0.00
Grade Ham A: $10 0.00
All types Ham-TV
equipment Bought·Sold·
Tra ded
WR ITE!

. ..

DENSON
ELECTRONICS
CORP.
Rockvi lle, Connecticu t

73 MACAZINE

AN /ART·13100·WATT XMTR
11 CHANNElS
Collins Autotune Iransmlt200·1500 Ke
ter, extremely stable and
2 10 18.1 Me

2N389 NPN SILICON POWER
TRANSISTOR

suited lor side band. Wril·
ten up in QST Jan. issue
1964. Used. willi lubes.

TO·53 case, 85 WATT 60 volt Silicon
$1.00 each

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. $50.00
We have parts, what do

you need?

SILICON MESA TRANSISTORS

LAMBDA POWER SUPPLIES
Used , good sbepe.
Model ;;28

#32 _. . .. .. .. . ..
#32M ... .. .. .. ..
;;C·280 .. .. ...

;;C·280M
#C·281M

. . ..

SILIC ON CONTRO L RECTIfiERS
PIV
2 amp
20 amp
so
1.00
2.50
3.00
100
1.60
200
2.00
3.4S
300
2.50
3.75
400
3.00
4.35

2 for $1.00

.. $30.00
.
..

.
.

.. ..
.

50.00
50.00
60.00
70.00
60.00

2N696
2N697
2N711
2N706
2N784

NPN
NPN
PNP
NPN
NPN

2 Watt
80 MC TO·5
2 Watt 100 MC TO·5
150 MW 150 MC TO·18
I Watt 400 MC TO·18
I Watt 200 MC TO·18

28 VOLT DC 40 AMP POWER SUPPLY

MESA TRANSISTOR 500 me

In put of 115 or 220 volts AC 60 9 c1e.
A hu sky power supply useabl e rn a
multitude of ways. A suitable variac
will permit variable voltage from (}.32
volts DC out. Shi ppi ng Wi t. 150 lbs.
$50.00

t c-ra case, sub min.
Germanium PHP. Vee 8 volt ,

tc 50 mil, 150 mw power
#TRANS-5
80 ea.
3/$2.00

ALL MATERIAL FOB LYNN, MASS.

..JOHN MESHNA, ..Jr.
Surplus Electronic Material
19 ALLERTON ST.

LYNN, MASS.

LY 5-2275

d ouhtedly have heard by now. More powe r to him; hope
he helps you get greater results tha n an ticipated.
The last co uple issues of QST, in s mall wa ys, a ppear
to indicat e tha t AR RL realizes o ther me thods hesldes in cent ive lic en sin g will have to be reso rted to ill o rd er to
ins ure o u r well-being at Geneva. I wo uld certainl y suppor t a n j-t hin g- the y come up with, bu t it's a sha me t hat
t here's not mo re of all o pen attempt to scrap all t he old
saws and get with t he 20 t h century .
I see by Tim e maga zine that you 're running fo r VlcePresident! Good lu ck !
Alell:and ria, Vir/il: in ia 223 11
F red Laun, W9SZR /4

"RW" APRIL BARGAINS
B&·221 FREQUENCY METER- 175 KC to 20 MC WITH
CRYSTAL & OR IG. CAL. BOOK IN CY·1 64/AR MOB ILE
METAL CASE (no battery compart ment) WITH VOLT·
AGE REGULATOR & SHOCt< MOUNT USED EXCEL·
LENT . . . .....
......
.. ..... $69.50
MN·26C BEND IX RECEI VER-1 5()..1500 ter cla aa Mull cal e. 40 Ib,. fob
Taroma , wn.. on ly
•
NEW LOW PRICE on ungradl!0 fo r T:"- 19 &. TX - 54 , It:et to 4 sm e.
R·I II / APR · :' RECEIVER ItlUO -a lOU me AM . has 120 .. 60 C3·
A N A1.power l upp ly built on . UI.. for
SPECT RU~I
YS I S , not . I:'ns ll he enouch fo r Communication.
R.I I I /APR - SA as a bove t. 101I1I -1I1111U mc. In r u k ca b i net
wit h an InH' !'a nadllPt er , 30 me and UP t o :) mc
ea ch d d.. . all 120 .. 6fl Cy
...
'
RDP I'a lllldi llt er hy Itself. N UTI-: : AN / AI'n - 4 a nd
_~ and - 5 A Irl" a llllA me I .F. de,·l ces. use w/IlDP
•
P A NO R A M IC RA D iO Mode l 8 A-lia J-'ANADAI'TOH wit h P ower
l'luPllly 1'8 -8 . 30 me (T )·pe T -IO.OOO) with HIGH
It l':Htll. l "rTnS I U P to 5 me each atde of 30 me
•
I\IO IS£
&.
F IE L U
ST RE NG T H
METE R.
S T O DDART
NMA · :.A wit h 1.1<'. an<.l plug - In T un er fo r
~!l - ~ Il ll
mc.
'.,,.,
•
UIIH:.CTlON f i ND I NG PREA MP LIF IE R &. LOOP gives t r ue
hear lnA", no 1110 - ,h'gtl'l' 11 mbhf Uily , whe n used ahead of
any r cvr 20U · 1600 kc In 3 hands . and we tell how
to mod ify 3<1 hand 10 MAltl:""; rreQ. S l"W
f M X MT R. RCV R bale st a t ion , "'u nswo rth A.".; /l<' It(; - IIA , p ut!
50 w Into a nt enn a, 30 - 40 me. v otce. 120 v 60
ry pwr ~ p l y. ~ p('a k H , m~ tP ,. . ere. In rack cab inet
•
LM fREQUENCY METERS 125 ke -l!:O mc. with
( ' a 1. hk , otue . xli , In ~ lru et. . Kllrll:OOUI
•
L M fREQUE NCY METER s a me aI a bove e xce pt ..-rt b lome what ooa -ee r ed ca ll bra ll on book , &uaranteed
100 % r u dah l.. l n n lY
MAKE POW I:.R SU PPLY for LM 'a and/ or TM-lit, by modifYi ng bran<.l nfW Io:A l) 60 0 ' portab le power l upp lll"l with
I n. tr uctl onl a nd amcon Diodes we lup ply.
4; Iho foh l': an Il lu o
•
POWER SUPPLY fOR A R T · I! and othe r I l m lla r T rans mitt era . You m ake the 24 .. dc 10 . m po you need wU h your
d rm r &. eu se rcn reo;Utl era : plenty of room tn t he cabinet.
Thh unll furn ll heli bot h "V 'I you need filtered. 1300 V
at .35 A and 500 V a t . 425 A . Met..r ed , In handsome eabtDtlt
37" h. 21" ",d . Hi" d p., net wt 229 lb•• shp & wt 350 11K
NIo: W I (len . 1o:1ect.. _ t X u)' $1 000.00 1 F OH
T a l'Oma, W n , 'lIth Mia , on p hiA"l
"
Tt.ST SCOPI::. TS· 34 /AP 40 Cy 3 me ;:!:3 d b.
I.l:'n ~ ~ I m ula te . :.. l er "",n , Hu dy to u~e
•
LP SIGNAL GEN ERATOR 9~ ke to 30 me.
l ~ , ca ll b. \ "0 10 1.0... . 'om pl..l e . eer tlfled
STABILINE IE _20060 : a kt"a L i ne Vol t . HeCII I. A dj ust Vo
1l 0- 1:!0 .. 1 ph 50/GO q . holds ;:!:0.15 ~ for line chanCel
95- 130 .. and / or load cllan P I 0- 26 A . E lectronic, a lmost
Inlta nt eor r eet .. no mrc Part•• max . ha rm . 5~ . O n 19"" r a ck
pa ne l 2\ " h. 1 4 ~ " dp , no ca hl ne t. nil soee H S xl'rm l to
chokel . ~&u lar $!HIO. b ut from us . brand new,
330jt' fob l,;tl ea . X , Y .0 n17 .. .
... .
•
(If ca bi lK' t needed . add $3 0. 00 . )

19 95

2 95
6950
179.50

99.50
19950
12500

25000

19950
29.95

99 50
5750

42.50
9 95

7950
4950
250.00

27950

PL ENTY MORE l
SO ASK US fOR
YO U R SPE CifiC NEED S I CHANCES ARE WE CAN HELP
YOU ANO S A V E YOU MONEY I

R. E. GOODHEART CO., INC.
BOI 1220·GC BEVERLY HilLS , CALI F. 90213
Pho nes: Area 21 3, office 212· 5101, messages 215-5342.

89

f

QRP TRANSMITTER. Have fun wi th this l ittle
one half watt ON rig on 40 meters. Uses any
40M surplus crystal. Kit supplies 154 tube
and socket, condensers, resistors, coi l, rf
choke, terminal trip, etc. Runs from fla shlight battery for filament and portable radio
67Y2 volt B-bottery. See March '63 p22
W1MEL
$6.00
CAST IRON BALUN. Eentsy balun using
f eri t e core, covers 6-40 meters, wi ll handle
up to 20 wott~ complete with cabinet, connectors etc. See September 1963 page 8.
W4WKM-I
$3.00
TONE MODULATED CRYSTAL STANDARD.
Uses one tube and one me crystal to generate 1 me mo~ers all the way up through
225 mc. The built in tone generator makes it
possible to easily identify the markers. Including Minibox, tube, vrystal, etc. See Oct .
'62 D 26.
W9DUT-3
$12.95

parts
kits
In the interests of making home construction
simpler for those readers with anemic junk
boxes 73 has gathered together the parts required for building our less complicated pro]ects. These kits are as complete as we can make
them, containin g good quality parts. Except
where the chassis or case is integral to a unit
we do not supply it. We will mention when we
do supply a case or chassis. We do supply
tubes, sockets, condensers; resistors, transformers, connectors; etc. The kits are kept in stock
to the best at our ability, though sometimes
the distributors who supply us delay us a hit .
TWO METER PREAMPLIFIER, Uses two 6CW4
nuvistors in a grounded gr id input ci rcuit
( March '63 pS I and one 6CW4 nuvistor
grounded grid output. Comp lete with power
supp ly. Uses 50 volts on the plates f or extraordinary noise f igure. Full scale dri l ling
templ a te supplied.
W9DUT- l
$ 18.50

TRANSISTORIZED MODULATOR. 40 watt
modulator, excellent for plate modulating
mobile rigs. four transistors, uses 12 verts de,
only drGW5 250 rna while resting with peaks
of 4-5 amperes. Kit includes transistors,
t ransformers, resistors, condensers, etc. See

~f-/Q~2 .~ .2~: . .• . . . . . . •• . . .. . . . . ... . . . ...

$27.50

SHORT WAVE CONVERTER FOR HAM BAND
RECEIVERS. One tube short wave converter
so you coo tune SW broodcast st ations.
Power supply included. See Aug. 62 p 38.
W2LLZ
$13.00
RECEIVER-DECEIVER. Substitute local osculator for your receiver for sideband reception,
complete with power supply. tubes, voltage

WiRI:JJ;r'.~~~'. ~~ .J~~. ~~.~ .~'

,

,$19.95

HAM BAND AUTOMOBILE CONVERTER. li sten to the hcmbcnds instead of that rocky- roll
junk. Transisto r con-verter, complete w ith battery, etc., mini-box, coax cables, crysta l f or
either 20M or 75M. Crystal cont rolled. See
Ion. 64 pg 36.
V E2A UB
$7.95

TRANSiSTOR TRANSCEIVER. One of the most
populor kits we've ever assembled is this six
mete r min iscule transistori zed transceiver .
Really works. Hundreds built. See page 8 in
the May '63 issue. Five transistors.
K3NHI
$25.00
CW MONITOR. Connects right across your
key and gives you a tone for monitoring your
bug. Page 44, June '63.
WA2WFW
$4.25
TWOER MODifiCATION . Increase your selectivity considerab ly by inst a ll ing a new t riode
7587 nuvistor stage. This is our best selling
ki t to dote. Everything you need for the
modification is incl uded. See June ' 63 page 56
$6.50
K6/CN

Individually engraved badges : $1.00 Room
for first name and call, 3 " x
with pin and
safety lock. Specify wh ether you prefer red
with white letters or black with white letters.

SIX METER CONVERTER, DELUXE. 6EW6 low
noise front end, 6U8 cs-tuc t or and mixer .
Outpu t is 10.7 me (easy t o change to suit
your needs ) . Th is is a tunable converter
with fixed frequency output, not the usual
convert er that requires you t o tune the receiver. This helps considerab ly on eli mina t ing
int erference f rom nearby h igh JX1Wer stations.
See page 8, July '63.
mDUT -2
.
$20.00

BADGES FOR CLUB MEETINGS
& HAMFESTS

~~eN~5, ~~~~ .'~::

*",

Club badges 3 " x I " wit h name or initials of
club on one line and first name and call on
second, in groups of five or more: $1.50 each.

Order from

NOISE CENERATOR. Inval uabl e test inst rument for tuning up rf st ages, ccrwerters, etc.,
voltage regulated by a Zener diode. Kit includes even the battery and mini -box. See

90

BADGES $1.00 each.

73 Peterborough, N. H.
$5.00

73 MAGAZINE

OTHER 73 BULLETINS
AND BOOKS
6UP Magazine. Now in its fifth month with

back issues getting rarer and rarer. This VHF
monthly ma gazine is edited by Jim Kyle
K5]KX and presents up to the minute reports
on activities on all VHF and UHF bands, technical articles of interest to VHF'ers, and other
general information not to be found elsewhere.
This is the only strictly VHF m agazin e b eing
published now. If you are a VHF'cr you won't
want to miss a single issue of 6up . . . you
should sup p ort it. Su bscriptions arc only $2 p er
year, b ack issues are available at present for
those who would like a retroactive subscription .

ATV Bulletin. In direct refuta tion to the ARRL
claim that amateurs are lagging technically are
the 2000 readers of the semi-monthly Amateur
Television E xp erimenter Bulletin, ed ited by
\VOKYQ. If you are at all interested in amateur
television you should subscribe to ATV, the
only source of operating and technical info on
this amazing branch of our hobby. Back issues
are virtually all sold out, so don't put off subscribing. $1 a yea r for six issues.
Ham-RTTY. This is the most complete book
on the subject. Written for the beginning 'TT'er
as well as the expert. More com plete and
authoriative tha n books at twice the price. Pictures and descriptions of all p opular machines,
where to get them, how much, etc.
$2.00
Bound Volumes I , 2, 3. Complete library volume conta ining the 1962 issues of 73. $15.00
Binders. Bright red leather binding. Specify
which year you want stamped on them: 60-1,
62, 63, 64. D arbs.
$3.00 each
Care and Feeding of Ham Clubs-K9AMD.
Carole did a thorough research job on over a
hundred ham clubs to find out what aspects
went to make them successful and what
seemed to lead to their demise. This book
tells all and will be invaluable to all club
officers or anyone interested in fanning a
successful ham club . H undreds of grateful
letters have been received from clubs who have
applied the ideas in this book.
$1.00
Simplified Math for the Hamshack_K8LFI.
This is the simplest and easiest to fathem explanation of Ohm's Law, squares roots, powers,
frequency/meters, logs, slide ~es, etc. If our
schools ever got wind of this amazing method
of understanding basic math our kids would
have a lot less trouble.
50¢
Index to Surplus-W4WKM. This is a complete list of every article ever published on the
conversion of surplus equipment. Gives a brief
rundown on the a rticle and source.
$1.50
APRIL 1964

Ham-TV-lV0KYQ. Covers the basics of
ham-TV, complete with how to get on the air
for under $50. Not the usual theory manual ,
but a how-to-do-it book.
$3.00
Surplus TV Schematics. You can save a
lot of building time in TV if you take advantage
of the real bargains available in surplus. This
book gives the circuit diagra ms and info on
the pop ularly available surplus TV gear. $1.00
AN/ARC-2 Conversion. T his tra nsceiver sells
in the surplus market fo r from $40 to $50 and
is easily converted into a fi ne little ham
transceiver. Covers 29 mc ( 160-80-75-40
meters ). This booklet gives you the complete
schema tic and detailed conversion in structions.
$1.00
AN/VRC-2 Conversion. Com pletely differen t
from the ARC-2. Thi s book gives you complete
instructions on converting the inexpensive VRC
surplus gear into a six meter wid e band FM
transceiver. T here are probably over a thousand
sta tions now opera ting on 52.525 me around
the country . Join the crowd. Fun.
$1.00
Coils-K8BYN. Basic book w hich covers the
theory and practical aspects of the many different types of coils found in ham work. Well
illustrated.
50¢
C\V-W6SFM. Anyone can learn the code.
T his book, by an expert, lays in a good foundation for later high speed CW ability.
50¢
3D Map of lVorld. Maybe you've b een eating
your heart out for one of these beautiful relief
maps after seeing one a t a fri end's shack. Comes
complete with one year subscription or extension
to 73.
$9.95
3D Map of U. S. Complete with one year
sub to 73.
$9.95

Mickey Miker-W00PA. Com plete instructions for buildin g a simple precision capacity
tester. Illust rated.
50¢
Frequency Measuring-W0I1KF. Ever want
to set yourself up to measure frequency right
down to the gnat's eyebrow ? An expert lets
you in on aU of the secrets. Join Bob high up on
the list of F requency Measuring T est winners.
$1.00
Impedance Bridge. Full scale construction
prints for the bridge d escribed in the August
1961 issue of 73 . Comes complete with a reprint of the article. Watch out General Radio!
$1.00
SSB Transceiver Schematic-W6BUV. Giant
size schematic of the transceiver that appeared
in the November 1961 issue of 73. Complete
with extra November issue.
$1.00
91

,

37- 101 WAYS TO USE YOUR HAM
TEST EQUIPMENT- Midd leton. Griddip meter s, cn tennc impedance meters,
oscil loscopes, bridges, simple noise gen_
erotors. and refl ected power meters are
covered. Tells how to chase t rouble
ou t of ham gear. 168 pages
$2.50

Radio
Bookshop

26-59 SIGNALs-0rr ( W6$Al1. A
manual of practical de tailed data covering desiQn and const ruc tion of
high ly effici ent, inexpensive an tennas
for t he amateur bonds that you can
build yourself.
$1.00

11 - 16TH EDITION RAD IO HAND BOOK-bv Bill Orr W6SAI. This t oo .
tcst!c book. is loaded with the most
und ersta ndab le
theory
course now
avai lab le In our hobby plus dozens of

27-QUAD ANTENN As-0rr IW6SA11
Theory, design, construc tion, and opera tion of cubical quads. Build - it you r.
self in fo. Feed systems, tuning .
$2.85

great construction projects. This is
the . best ham hondbook in print by

28-T EL E V I SI O N l NTERFER ENCERand I WI DBMI. Th is is t he au thoritat ive book on t he subjec t of getting
TVI ou t of you r rigs and t ile neighbors
sets.
$1.75

a wide margin. Easily worth twice the

$9.50

price.

13-REFER ENCE DATA FO R RADIO
ENCINEE RS. Tables, formulas graphs.
You will find this reference 'book on
the desk of almost every electronic
engineer in the country. Published by
Intemationol Telephone and Tel egraph.
$6.00
21 -V HF HAND BOOK- Johnson 1W6QKI l , Types of VHF propaga tion V HF
cucuitry componen t limita t ions' anten':l0 design and cons truc tion; test
equipment Very tho rough book ond
one tha t should be in every V HF shock
$2.9';:
22-B EA M A NTE N NA HANO BOO KOrr {yv6SAI1. Basics, theory and const ruction of beams, t ransmission lines
matching devices, and test equipmen t:
A lmost a ll hom sta t ions need a beam
of some sort. '.' . here is t he only
sou rce of baSIC mfo t o he lp you decide
what beam t o bu ild or buy t o insta ll
it, how t o t une it.
'
$2.70
23-NOVIC E & TECHN ICIAN HAND BOOK_S t on~r (WGTNS ). Sugar coo ted
theory : receivers, trcnsnlt ters, power
supplies, an tennas; Simp le const ru ct ion
of a complete sta t ion, converti ng surplus equipment. How to ge t a ham
$2.85
l icense and buil t a sta tion.
24-BETTER

SHORT WAVE RECEP_
T ION ~r r (W6SAII. How t o buy a
re<:elver, how to. tune it, al ign it ;
buildinq cccesscnes: bet ter antennas'
QSL's, maps, aurora zones, CW re ~
ceouco. SSB recep t ion, etc. Handbook
for short wove listeners and radio cmo .
tee-s.
$2.85

Car Plates
Sixteen sta tes ha ve only one
plate this yea r . . . t his is a
good t ime to pu t a call letter
license p la te on the front of the
ca r. Spec ify color of background , col or of call , a nd word ing for the bo ttom li ne . $3.00

" -RCA
RADIOIRON
DESIGNERS
HAND800K-1500 pages of desi~n
notes on every possible type of ci rcui t. Fabulous. Every design engineer
needs t his one.
$7.50
6J-C E TRAN SISTOR MAN UAL--6th
edi tion. This IS one of t he best buys
around: 22 chapters, 440 pages, d iagrams by t he grass, data, fact s, charts,
etc . If you don't hove th is one you
just aren' t up t o da te.
only $2.00

SPEC IAL SPECIAL SPECIAL
Rad io Handbook, 15th Edition, w ritten
by Bill Orr W6SAI, over 800 pages.
Covers every phose of ama teur rad io
f rom the very basics right up t hrough
the construct ion of ju st about everyt hing you coul d want in hom gear.
Originally publ ished at $8.50 . Superceded by the new 16th edi ti on which
is t he some except for new construct ion p rojects and selling for $9 .50 (see
number 11 l. Specia l, un til t he las t
few copies are gone, only $5.9 5!

11 2---COMMUNI CATIONS RECEI VERS
--Design considera t ions and a pr act ical design f or radio amateurs. Nicely
wri tten 32 DOge book discusses various
staQes an d presents a fi ne receiver
design f or home building using regu lar
commerci a lly ava i lable ports.
75c
" '-TRANSISTOR RADIO HANDBOOK
_ Simp l if ied t heory and many hom
const ruction projects, including SSB
exci te rs, SSB transceiver, VHF xmtrs
and rcvrs, etc.
$5.00
11 4-RSCB BU LLETlN---Qne yea r subscr ip t ion to t he most popular amateur
rod!o magazine in Eng land. Tap not ch .

55.00

lOO--E LECTRONIC
CONSTRUCTION
HA NDBOOK by W8M QU. Covers all
sort s of info on how to build .
$2.95

l04-SCI ENCE
HOBBIES - Eleven
A merican made semtccodcctcrs with
inst ruc ti ons for maKi ng an automotive
tachometer, a photocell light meter,
a t ransistor preampl ifier, an aud io
oscillator, a tr an sistor r~ ulated power supply, speech c1 ippmg , cathode
biasing and screen biasing circui ts.
A $29 .95 value
$2.98

' O' -THE A MATEUR RA DIO HAND BOOK-Pub lished by RSGB. This is a
thorough and comple te S40 pages ha ndbook wh ich covers every aspect of
amateur rad io : t ubes, trooststors, receivers, t ransmitters, VHF gea r, sideband, FM, cn tenncs, mobi le gear,
noi se, power supplies, and much, much
more. You' lI f illd t his one SUi te in,
teresurc and informative.
$5.50
I 08---RADIO DAT A REF ERENCE BOO K
--Pub l ished by R5GB . Th iS con tains
all of the form ulas t hat you have t o
hun t a round f or when you wont t hem,
all in one p lace and indexed. There
are such items as feedl ine cha r ts, coax
tables, yog i measurements, pi-net
charts, WIre tables, conversion factors,
tees. thread sizes, reactance charts.
f i lte r design cha rt s, etc.
$2.25

92

116-TR IPLE TIMER. Works like regular kitchen timer excep t dings at three
separate times. Fine f or 10 minute
reminders. Set OIlCe and it will dino
every t en minutes for 30 minu tes
Many other uses. Ca n be set t o r ing
a t any t ime interval s up t o f ull hou r.
$4.95
'09-A M ATEUR RADIO TOWE R INSTA LLAT ION
INfOR~4ATIO N-pub­
lished by Rohn. Nea rly 100 pages of
info Ofl select ing, buyIng and setting
up towers f or amateur radio. While
th is book is one of t he most complete
ca talogs of ROOn t owers ever published, it also has all the inst ruc tions
you cou ld possibly wont on installing
your t ower. l ot s of good color pictures.
Well worthwh ile.
$1.25

ARC-PRACT ICAL HAM RADIO PROJ ECT5-W6NIV . Complete const ruct ion
de tails on 12 projects, incl uding a 500
watt a ll band linear, a ll band an t enna
t uner, elec tron ic kever. 6 M mobi le
xmtr, 2M superhet, transist or dipper.
etc.
$2.50

HTF-ELECTRONIC
TA BLES
A ND
FORM ULAS. New revised edition. 192
pages of in fo. Hard bound book. $3.95
SSH 5-TRANSISTOR
SUBST ITUT ION
HANDBOO K, 5th EDITION. W ith over
500) different type numbers of transistors wha t do you do ....-hen one g
west? You look up t he nearest replacement you have on hand in t his book.
It list s foreign transistors too. Very
thorough.
$1.9 5
RSCl-NORTH AM ER ICA N RADIO-TV
STATION GUIDE, 1964 EDITION. All
sta t ions listed by call, freq uency, and
locat ion. Over 5OCX) AM, 1500 FM and
1000 TV sta tions.
$1.9S
CBH2-e I T 1 ZEN S
BA ND
RADI O
HANDBOOK, 2nd EDITION. A ll t he
latest equ ipment , operating t echniques
and requ irements, an t ennas, mcmt e,
nonce, adjustments, etc. Complet e
rules, call area mop.
$2.95

Send check a r M.O. ta:
Rad ia Baakshap
Peterbaraugh
New Ham Shire
73 MAGAZINE

SEMICONDUCTORS
110' , con ver te r. swi tch, aud io. HF & VH F ; P.':P & :-;P:S
all but VHF
'
3/ $1.00
' ·iU· - 2:'1O i ' 9A . 2~O }lC mi n im um " l'h ilco"
@ 51.25 ea.
VIIF · :l:S,05. 3 25 li e m inim um " T unll'so'"
$1 .25
Yllf' · :!.':'II . 324 :'ole mi n i mu m " T ungso]" .. . . .
5 1.25 ea.
I'owe r tTllnsb tors . P"P ..
_ __.
.
_@ $.60 ea.
" Ut'nu l x" 2:S255 , 2N 631, 2X63 8, 2N22 4A, 2;";1227 A, etc.
" CIl S" 2:"01433, 2N 143 4, 2N 1435. etc. Ot hen .
2.': H 2, "Tungs ct" I 00 walt . 15 erup. _, .
. @ $ 1.25 ea.
2;:.;' H3. " Tungso!" 100 wa t t . 13 amjl
$ 1.25 ea .
2:'\" 1358 , " TUOlUo\ " a nd M otorola
.
_S1.25 la.
2:-;'242 " Tu ngso!"
__
,
$ 1.00 ea.
2.':211 " Tungsor '
.. .... .. ., .. ..
$ 1. 25 ea.
2X2;8 " T u II &,so! "
_.
,
$1 .25 ea.
2:"141 T en s I nstru. I . Pr., :" P:"
@ 4 / $ 1.00
l' l. nu Tr. n sistors , :"1',,"
, $.50 e• •
,
, . . $.50 ee.
I» ·n. q u. ds TU ll.'I is tors
~ :'\ I ~O S :"P:" " Tu ns ltr on " Sillcon, 12 :!oIC. ,,~ wat t
2 . mp . ( S t ud) tr. nah tor
.
$2.50 UI.
IX ~ l r " H off m. n" tl llcon reet t n r
5. 20 U1.
IIII! . " Ho ff ma n" Zent'r D i ode
, $.30 ea .
Zehl' r D lod_ S lll con . 1% volt , 1 .mp.
.
51.00 ea.
7.....ner mcce-c-antoen , 1% 1'011 , 10 am p. Tra nsl tron
5 1.SO UI
Zene r Dl od_ SllIcon , I ~ ,ol t , S v337 2 Tr. ni llm n @ 4 /$1. 00
~:'\ ~99 PXP-pmnr minia ture " P hilco" 2~0 ma ,
. . 5 . ~0 ea.
2:'\600 P:,\P- power m iniatu re " I'hllco " 7 ~O m• . 1l:\IC 5. 50 ea.
UE B u lb Xo. 1 ~9 with sOl·ket . nd wi re Iead s . nl'W t ype 5.35 set
Silicon reettrter, 400 P lY , 3 am n . stud
5.50 ea.
lX ~37· IS539 Tophat r ectifi er s ilicon . Rayth",on etc. . 5. 30 ea.
Trans htor sockets , "Cinch Co." . ,. ,... ... . . . . . . .. 10/ SI .00
n ea t dnks. Ext r uded . Ium l num , for transi s tors
and l i licon r...eu tte re .... .
. .. , . , ... $.45 to 5. 75
Tr l nsform e r -1l5 volt . 60 cy. P rf . 8 volt , 3 am p .
. ...1'. mou nted In hl..-k m..ta l Uox ...lt h min i at ur e
fu•• and li ne ro r d . x ew
,
52.00
I £"nl tl on Syst em trans ht or-6 ·12 volt
ne&alhe
e round . F . ctory p. cked , wll h Ins t r uct ion. . . .. @ 522.95
!'ul h· p ull .m plltl ff, 4 tra nabtor. P .C. oomp lNlf ly
wtred .nd r dY to roo 4"'>.:2"'
$5.00
P aru for :! . au ampll fllfr. • udlo. corabtinr or
t hre e t u nsil tors. 1nt'ludlnr 1 powe r tren. h tor .
r etiston. el ectrolyti C'S wit h schematic
.
.......
n .oo
Com pllftelJ' USlf mb led .nd wired I n mod ute
$5.00

.a.

H"

Elect rolyt ics, a:l values, all manufacturers ,
write for cata log list (free)
Write for free additio nal cata log.
Minimum order $3.00 prepa id,
Postage fre e in USA .

TRANSISTORS UNLIMITED COMPANY
POST OFFICE BOX 442
GREAT NECK, L. 1., NEW YORK
Warehouse: 462 Jericho Turn pike, Mineola,
516--Pi 7,7221

New York.

If you like 73 we'd app reci ate your help in
getting more fellows to su bscribe . The big
diffi cu lty is to overcome inerti a and actually
get them to sit d ow n to get it d one. \Ve try to
make it as simple as possihle on our end, The
p rice is a simple ( and low ) $4. OUf add ress is
simple: 73, Peterborough, x . H,

Su bscri ptions
MASTER

I' re. mp llfllfr to match abo..e .mvltfllfr with . d llf·
m. lle a nd romp llf tlf paru _. .
.
.
$ 1.50
ltel1 stors 5% on ly, A.B. , IRC. , St..-kpol lf . e re 20 / 51.00 V, • • •
1I1f. ls ton 5% on ly !:4 & 1/ 3 .... U. u a bore
t~ /51.00
COOl' Oscilla tor lloo ul e ; ecm pt ete tr .uem ble d In
:\lod u le , m at('hhook si ze , ...lt h Inst ru ctions ....
$1.00
" .rls kit for 12 1'0 11, I . mp. , RE GULATED power
58.7 5
l upp l)', with schem.tlc a nd In. t r uctl ons . .
51. 25
24 volt t ra ns for me r liS volt. 60 cy. Pr l. 1 a mp
l' ua l 70 volt 70 volt s ce., 115 volt. 60 ('y Pr l .
$ U IO
Dura - Mica capac itors ( Hll ver ) ( 1):\ ( 1::; ) .,.,. ,..
10/ $ 1.00
Ch a ssI s Ja cks for ea r pho nes , radio et c. . , . , . , . ,
, 8/ 5 1.00
X I ~ hllth , 8 ohm . . . . .
, . $ 1.00
1':\1 s peake r,
1':\1 aoe axer , 2~ X 2~ sq ua re. 8 ohm
$.7 5
$ 1.00
1' :\1 spea ker, l V. " X %.. high . 8 ohm . .
~ k a nd 10 k vo lume eonr r ot with s wltc h, I'C
3/5 1.00
2 K velu m ront ro l ,,'lI h swit ch %;.. d lamet..r
$.4::;
:-, 00 K 1'ol ume ront ro l wit h s wl ~h
,
4 /$1 .00
4 / 51.00
O. clll. tor ecue . 4 ~5 K C, tapped
(hel U. tor 0011. , 455 K e , ti Pped Shlehll'd
3 /5 1.00
IF roll l-%, X %, X "" 455 KC, t.pped li hle lded
3 / $ 1.00
5.SO
U u. 1 IF co lli. 4 5~ R C, ta p ped S hi el ded 2 I t. &e 1
" " hllro · ' HF 1'XI ' tr. ns ilton
6/$1.00
Sy lvan l. II . • r, X I' X T u ns l ' tovs
~ / SI . OO

OR D E R

B LA N K
Call

73 SUbscriptions

Name

I yr $ 4.00

Address

2 yr $ 7.00

City

3 yr $10.00

Parts Kits (page 90) Bookshop (page 921

Zone

LIFE $50.00

Zip

State

One year subscriptions

$6up $2

ATV $2

New sub.

Renewal sub
Start wilhL

_ loAR Membersh ip 1 yr $10_ _
_

73 Prod ucts, (page 891

___

Back issues (50c eachl
Badge. Red.-, BlacL-. (page 901 First name,
APRIL 1964

_
Call

$1.
93

INDEX TO ADVERTISERS
To c'd you in finding ad s which ore not running in this issue we
have li sted th e la st ad run by e ac h compan y in 7 3.
Oct. 63
25, 47
Jan. 64
Oct. 63

Sept. 63
Mar. 64

Oct. 63
July 63

Sept. 63

7.
51
Feb. 63
Nov. 63
July 63
May 63

.5
25
Nov. 63
Apr . 63
June 63

95
Oct. 63
Sept. 63

81
77
75
Oct. 63
Oct. 61

57
29

Aaron
Adeom
Adirondack
A & F Etectromart
Aleo
Alcorn
Alden
Aigeradio
Allied
Atltron ics-Howard
Amateur Elect. Supply
Amateur Radio Exchange
Amber
American Crysta l
Arnperex
Amplidyne
Amrad
Antenna Specialist s
Arrow Electronics
Arrow Sales, Cal.
Arrow Sales , Chi .
Badges
Bald Eagl e
BC Electron ics
Bell
Best

BF
British Radio
Burghardt

B &W

8.
Mar. 64
Au g. 63
June 63
July 63

Byron Airpack
Ca ll book
Candee

C &H

25
21

Charter Oak
Clegg
Cleve land Institute
Collins
Columbia
Columbia Products
Comaire
Cornel l-Dubil ier
Coral Cliffs
Cubex
Cushcraft
Dames
Dayton Hamvention
Delta
Denson
Dow Key
Dow Radio
Drake
Ebco
Editors & Engineers
Ed·U-Cord
Electro-com
Electron ic Servicenter
Emrad
Epsilon Records
Evans
E-Z Etch
E-Z Way
Fair
Fairbrother
Fichter
Finney

85

F·M

77

FM Ham Sales
Foreign Projects
Foreign Subs
Fulton
Gain, Inc.
cam

9
23
July 63
Nov. 63
May 63

81
19
Jan. 64
Jan . 64

11
Jan . 64

.9
Apr. 63

86
30, 59, 75, 77

51
Mar. 64
Mar . 63

31
f eb.
Mar .
June
Oct.

63
63
63
63

71
59
Feb. 64

•

79

July 63

Aug.
Mar.
Dec.
75
Feb.

..

63
64
63
63

Mar. 64
Mar. 64
Nov. 63
Oct. 63

8.
8.
Jan. 64
Nov. 63
Aug. 63
Nov. 63

Cover I I
Nov. 63
Mar. 63

85
Jan. 64

88
65
77

8.
Oct. 63
Aug. 63
Nov. 63
Mar. 64
Jan. 64
May 63

3
Feb. 64
Oct. 63

83
Nov. 63
Jan. 63
Nov. 63
Mar. 64
Sept. 63
June 63
61

63
25,47

86

63
Feb. 64
July 63

27

17

87
95
May 63

71
June 63
July 63

53
Dec. 63
Jan. 63
NOV. 63
Cover IV

July 63
75
55

QTH MAPS
Quaker
Quement

Gonset

.2

Radio Bookshcp

Goodhea rt

69

Graham Radio

Apr. 63
Nov. 63
July 63

Radio Ham Shack
Radio Industries

Gavin Instrumen t s

Gem Electronics
Glass, J. J.

Groth
Grove
Ham Trader
Hall icrafters
Hammarlund
Harrington
Harr i son, Ivan
Hayden
Heath
Hef ron
Henry
Hi-Par
Hi-Way
Hol st ro m
Howard
Hunt er
Hy Gai n

tdentoolate
Instruct ograph
International Crystal
Irving Jlectronics
Jays
Jefftonics
Johnson
Kar-Tenna
Kniper
Knox
KTV Tow ers
Ladd
Lafayette Radio
Lawrence Eng
linear Systems
L R Elect ron ics
Mach
Madison
Maps
Master Mobile
McCoy
Meshna
Metro
Metrodynamics
Midwest
Mi ller
Mini-Prcducts
Mission

M&M

73
Sept. 63
June 63
77
Apr. 63

8.
15
Nov. 63
Dec. 63

Reyco
Ritco
Robe rts
Rohn
Rowe

R&S
Sams

22

Saxton
Schober
Seatronics
Sideband Engineers
S. J. Electronics

feb . 63

30
5
Apr. 63
Mar. 64
Mar. 64

95
feb. 64
Nov. 63
Mar . 64
June 63

93
35

skyrene
Slep
Space
Spitz
Sprague
Squire-Sanders
Star
Subscriptions

super-a
Surplus Spec
Swan

95

.1
June 63
feb. 63

33
June 63
Feb. 64
67, 73
Apr. 63

.3
Feb . 64

31
93
Jan. 64
Nov. 63
Nov. 63
June 63
Aug. 63
f eb. 63
Cover 11
Apr . 63
67, 79, 87
Oct. 63
July 63
Feb. 63
Jan. 64
Jan. 63
Oct. 63

P &H

Apr. 62

B5
86

Pe tri lak
Poly-Paks
Polytronics
Propagat ion Product s

93

Mar . 63
Jan. 64

R"

Sept. 63

26

71

Reed

RW Elect ronics

Jan. 64
Mar. 64

May 63
Aug. 63
July 63
feb. 64
Dec. 62
Aug. 63
Jan. 64
May 63
June 63

Ready Radials
Redl ine

87

Mor·Ga :n
Mosley
Nat ional
Newar k
New Products
Newtronics
North American
Northwest
Nortronics
Ole's
Ontario
Out-O·Door
Palmer
Parks
Pau ls Surplus
Pausan

55

Radio Publicat ions

13
Sept. 63

79
Jan. 64
Cover Ill ,

37

TAB
Techn ical Manual s
Technical Material
Telemarine

re temetncos
rerrex
Tepabco
Texas Crystal
Thermoelectr ic o.
Topaz
Transistors Ult.
Trans Pro
Trice
Tri- Ex
Tri-State
United
US Crystals
U. T. C.
Valley
Vanguard

verna
vereatrontcs

vestc
V&H
Vibroplex
WA6 0UW
Waters
Webster
Western (Cal if .)
Western (Neb.)
Wildcat Press

90

World Radio Labs
Zalytron
73 Subscription s
73 Products
73 Parts Kits

67

6 Up

91

73 M AG AZ INE

TRADE

SELL

HEWLETT PACKARD
205AG Aud io Generator

SCOPES

$325.00 - n OB 'Scope

540B Transfer Oscillator
erator $350.0 0 • 302A

$600.00 .

$350.00 .
ZI2A Pu lse Gen-

Wav e Analyzer $1200.00 •
683C 2 t o 4 KMC Sweep Oscilla tor like new $1800.00

• 650 Test Osci llator

$300.00 . 410B VTVM

$150.00 .

202A Function Generator

$250.0:) . Ad -Yu Precision Phase ,

Angle Voltmeter # 405L

$450.00 . Boonton 2028, AM-FM ."

Signal Generator 54-216 Me

$375.00

Ba llentin e 300 VTVM . , $"9.00 • Hewlett Packard 430B
Power Mtr
$120.00 . T5·3820/ U Audio Ge n. zncps to
ZOOke
$295.00 . T5-2680/ U Extal Rect if ier Test Set
$17.50 • TS·375A/U VTVM
$65 .00

SP-600 JX- 540kc·54mc/ s
$450.00 . R-390 Digi t al Job
$7£0.00 . URR -13 225 to 400mc/s ..
500-32mc/s
$320.00 • CR-lO RCA Fixed Freq.
$75.00 . Wil cox F·3
$65.00
f ixed freq .

FREQUENCY METERS

METERS
Dumont 304AR Scopes
$195.00 . Dumont 2560 Scopes
_. , $90.00 • Dumont 324 Scopes , ... $245.00 • Boonton
212A Glide Scope Test er L/ N
_$375.00

TS-174 /U Freq. Mtr 20mc to zsomc/ s
TS-175A/ U Freq. Mtr 85mc to 1000mc/s

$150.00
$135.00

What bava you got? We ' ll give fa st. high quote. Particularly need AN /APR-9, 13; AN /GRC-3 t hru 8; AN/ARC-27, 34

4178 PARK AVE. BX, N.Y., 10456
TELEPHONE CY 9-0300

RIPPLE FILTER KIT Smooth out your 6 or 12
volt supply for transistor work I 32 Mh Choke
I 25,000 Mfd. Cap. with mount.
Only $3.95
STUD MOUNTED DIODE RECTIFIER 2 Amps @
200 p.i.v. 2 with reversed polarity 4 for $2.00
100 Mfd. @ 450 volts Paper Electrolytic
$1.00 eaeh
100 Assorted Disc. Capacitors (Good Assort100 for .90e
ment)

Surplus Specialties
Pittsfield, Massachuset ts
No C O D Orders please

COMMAND RECEIVER
Low Freq . 190 t o
R23 / ARC5- ( BC4 53 ) $ 14.95
550 KC
Slide- in -M ounting Rock fo r Rece iver
2 .75
Shock Mount f or Ra ck
1.00
Dynom otor aese-Pfeee t o Fit Rea r of Rece iver
.75
12 V olt Dynam otor A da pt a b le to
Base Plate (220v.)
1.95
24 Volt Dynomotor w ith base p late
1.95
COMMAND TRANSMITTER
BC4 58 lT2 1/ARC 5 l -

5.3 t o 7 me. 4.95 used
7. 95 Now
VIB RATOR POWE R SUPPLY

GOT QUESTIONS? ORDERS? CALL COLLECT. EVERYTHING
MONEY BACK GUARANTEED . THiS IS ALL WE COULD LIST
IN THE SPACE. WE HAVE lOTS MORE . TELL US WHAT YOU
NEED.

ELIMINATE
T.V.I. FAST

" Get em at a LOW
PRICE-ONE TME
OFFER"
SEZ
Sy Oenby
" WZBNW"

E. F. Johnson Low Pass FILTER
For use with RG8U Etc52 ohm-75DB Attenuation or
more above 54mc Insertion
loss less than .25DB 4 section
filter, END Sections "M" Derived wil l handle up to ONE
Gal lon of R.F. Terminates in
two S0239 connectors in &
out.
CAT. 250-20 (users net) 14.95.
Your Cost 7.95
Postpaid
in U .S.A.
Brand New!
Full Description Back of ARRL
HANDBOOK

$2.95

ARROW SALES-CHICAGO, INC.

METRO ELECTRONICS

2534 S. M ICHI GAN AVE N UE
CH IC AGO 16, ILLIN OI S

172 Wash St N Y 7, N Y

!'\PRI L 1964

.

BUYING! BUYING!

SPACE
ELECTRONICS

6 V DC to 30 0v @ .90 MA Complete--N ew
Send Addressed Envelope f or Li st ing .

PL·259, S0239, M·359-UG 100A/U New Any 3
$1.00 ·
Colli ns 5IJ3 Receiver
$555.00 . AN /URM-26 S;g Gen
arne t o 408mc
. $295.00 • Hewl ett Packard 20DC D
Aud io Generator
$1 30.00 . Hewlett Packard 400DR
VTVM
$140 .( 0
_

RECEIVERS

SIGNAL GENERATORS

P.o. Box 11 8

BUY

95

,

,

Propagation Chart
April 1964
[AlTERN UNITED STAHl TD.
00
A LASKA

AJllGElIIl_

AUSTA_

,---

~ ,-

........11

02

14
14
14
14
7
14
7

"

I'

ME~ IC O

PHILIPl'101(S
PUERTO RICO
$lOUT" AfRICA

us a.e.

7'
14
14
7'
7
14
7
7'

•

14
14
1
14
7

7
7
7
7

O.

06

7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7

08

7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7

'0

7
7
7
7
7

7
7
7
7
7
~- 7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
14
7
7
7

12

I""

7
14
7
14

7
14

l'7
7
7
7
7
1.
14
7

W;

II

7
7'
21 21
7* ; 7' 7
14 14'
14 14 14
7 14 14
14 14 14

2~

20

14 14
21' 21'
14

14

R- -~14~- 2~l'_
14 l'
14 14

14
7

l'7'

I

I

14
14

14' 14'
14 14

14
7

14

•• •
l'

Good : 8 -9 , 15-16, 19- 20, 2 5, 2 6-2 8

"

7

1

Fo;" 1-2, 10, 13- 14, 17 - 18, 29 - 30

1
14' 14
7
I

Poor : 3-7, 11-12, 21 -24

(ENTiAL UNITED SlAHI TO .

-

00

02

ALASKA

14

1

ARGEN TINA

l4'
l4'

14

21

1t

7
1
7'

7
1
7

14
14
14
14
7

14
14
14
7
7

'"'

AUSTRALIA

C.ol, N.lL ZQtlE

E!.:po rte , l nd a
H
EWing a ball with it! Excellent
heard • . ~.
K9L- -, -...
reports aUdio wise and signal strength .
You have a wonderf Ul ri .
WlH __ • Merrimac , Massachuse tts
;ebll it f or dOUble t h e g In the NCX-3 1 I WOUldn 't
th n ow
on SSB and CW
purchase price ' S
• fines t rig Z.
• COUldn 't be more ha
ur~ works
X 3 just over a men
I' v e had the NC ~ t it does everything
v e ever Owned '
appy w~th the
and 1 must say t a
a nd t h en some.
We'P__ I n d .
y ou r advertisements ~~_ , port land . Ma ine
•
epeodence , Kansas
I get alJlaZin
The
n i c e st piece of equipment I' v e had
.
op , Mos t
g signal repo
rn many a yea r. W8L- -, Lansing , Mi ch i ga n
air! Very run I 've had si;ts on mObile
~~~
eqUipment. excellent Pie ce cZr I got on the
~...
"... ,
W6L_ _
e lec t ronic
~
~
, Mi s s i on S
an Jose C
, ali fo rnia ;
u
NCX-3 is untouchable in its c lass .
'0
""",:
WN5F- _, Vioksburg, Mississipp i ~ /914-1964+\'::

0

.•
••

NATIONAL RADIO
MASSACHU~S 02176COMPANY, INC.~
Export : Ad Auriema Inc.. 85 Broad Street, N.V.C.; Canada: Tri-Tel Associates, 81 Sheppard Avenue, W. Willowdale, Ontario
···~/O 
Source Exif Data: 
File Type                       : PDF
File Type Extension             : pdf
MIME Type                       : application/pdf
PDF Version                     : 1.6
Linearized                      : Yes
XMP Toolkit                     : Adobe XMP Core 4.0-c316 44.253921, Sun Oct 01 2006 17:14:39
Modify Date                     : 2009:06:09 11:17:48-05:00
Create Date                     : 2009:06:09 10:50:05-05:00
Metadata Date                   : 2009:06:09 11:17:48-05:00
Creator Tool                    : Adobe Acrobat 8.0
Format                          : application/pdf
Document ID                     : uuid:81dc947b-d569-42aa-9de4-1fdebfba38ae
Instance ID                     : uuid:794127db-1a1f-4c25-a403-6a69a1b058bb
Producer                        : Adobe Acrobat 8.0 Paper Capture Plug-in
Page Count                      : 100
Creator                         : Adobe Acrobat 8.0

EXIF Metadata provided by EXIF.tools