14 002111 00_Programming_the_Display_Terminals_s_D217_D413_and_D463_Oct91 00 Programming The Display Terminals S D217 D413 And D463 Oct91
14-002111-00_Programming_the_Display_Terminals_s_D217_D413_and_D463_Oct91 14-002111-00_Programming_the_Display_Terminals_s_D217_D413_and_D463_Oct91
User Manual: 14-002111-00_Programming_the_Display_Terminals_s_D217_D413_and_D463_Oct91
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4.DataGeneraI
Data General Corporation, Westboro, Massachusetts 01580
Customer Documentation
Programming the Display
Terminal: Models D217,
D413,and D463
014-002111-00
Programming the Display
Terminal:
Models D217, D413, and D463
014-002111-00
Ordering No. 014-002111
Copyright © Data General Corporation, 1991
All Rights Reserved
Printed in the United States of America
Rev. 00, October 1991
Notice
DATA GENERAL CORPORATION (DGC) HAS PREPARED THIS DOCUMENT FOR USE BY DGC
PERSONNEL, IJCENSEES, AND CUSTOMERS. THE INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN IS THE
PROPERTY OF DGC, AND THE CONTENTS OF THIS MANUAL SHALL NOT BE REPRODUCED IN
WHOLE OR IN PART NOR USED OTHER THAN AS ALLOWED IN THE DGC IJCENSE
AGREEMENT.
DGC reserves the right to make changes in specifications and other information contained in this
document without prior notice, and the reader should in all cases consult DGC to determine whether any
such changes have been made.
THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS GOVERNING THE SALE OF DGC HARDWARE PRODUCTS AND
THE IJCENSING OF DGC SOFTWARE CONSIST SOLELY OF THOSE SET FORTH IN THE
WRITTEN CONTRACTS BETWEEN DGC AND ITS CUSTOMERS. NO REPRESENTATION OR
OTHER AFFIRMATION OF FACT CONTAINED IN THIS DOCUMENT INCLUDING BUT NOT
LIMITED TO STATEMENTS REGARDING CAPACITY, RESPONSE-TIME PERFORMANCE,
SUITABILITY FOR USE, OR PERFORMANCE OF PRODUCTS DESCRIBED HEREIN SHALL BE
DEEMED TO BE A WARRANTY BY DGC FOR ANY PURPOSE, OR GIVE RISE TO ANY LIABILITY OF
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Programming the Display Terminal:
Models D217, D413, and D463
014-002111-00
Revision History:
Original Release - October 1991
Preface
This manual provides information on the programming environment of the D217, D413, and D463
display terminals. Intended for persons programming host-resident software, this manual was
designed as a reference tool and does not explain basic operating functions of these terminals. Refer
to Installing and Operating D216E+, D217, D413, and D463 Display Terminals (014-001767) for
information on operating one of these terminals.
. This reference manual is organized as described below:
Chapter 1
Characteristics of the programming environment that are common to all operating
modes or emulations; everyone should read this chapter.
Chapter 2
Data General native-mode operations and commands.
Chapter 3
VT320, VT100, and VT52 emulations and control sequences.
Chapter 4
Tektronix® 4010 emulation and commands.
Chapter 5
PCTERM operation and commands. Although PCTERM is actually an operating
mode of the VT320/100 emulation, it is covered within its own chapter to avoid
confusion within Chapter 3.
Appendix A
Tables of all character sets used in any emulation or operating mode.
Appendix B
Keyboard layouts for all national-language keyboards supported on these terminals.
Appendix C
Sample code (in C and FORTRAN 77) that illustrates the programming environment
within several emulations.
Contacting Data General
Data General wants to assist you in any way it can to help you use its products. Please feel free to
contact the company as outlined below.
Manuals
If you require additional manuals, please use the enclosed TIPS order form
(United States only) or contact your local Data General sales representative.
Telephone Assistance
If you are unable to solve a problem using any manual you received with your system, free telephone
assistance is available with your hardware warranty and with most Data General software service
014~02111
iii
options. If you are within the United States or Canada, contact the Data General Service Center by
calling 1-800-DG-HELPS. Lines are open from 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m., your time, Monday through
Friday. The center will put you in touch with a member of Data General's telephone assistance staff
who can answer your questions.
For telephone assistance outside the United States or Canada, ask your Data General sales
representative for the appropriate telephone number.
Joining Our Users Group
Please consider joining the largest independent organization of Data General users, the North
American Data General Users Group (NADGUG). In addition to making valuable contacts, members
receive FOCUS monthly magazine, a conference discount, access to the Software Library and
Electronic Bulletin Board, an annual Member Directory, Regional and Special Interest Groups, and
much more. For more information about membership in the North American Data General Users
Group, call 1-800-877-4787 or 1-512-345-5316.
End of Preface
iv
014-002111
Contents
Chapter 1 - Introduction
Terminal Features ............................................................
Enhancements for the D413.D463 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Supported Emulations and Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Summary of On-Line Operations................................................
Communications Interface ......................................................
Input Buffer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Flow Control .................................................................
The Character Generator ........ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25th Row Support.. . . .. . . . . . . . . . ... . .. . . . ... . ... . . . . . . . .. . . ... . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . .
Term-Server Support. ... . . . . . . . . ... . . .. . . . ... .. . . .. . . . . . . .. .. . . .. . .. . . . . .. . . . .
1-2
1-3
1-3
1-4
1-4
1-4
1-5
1-5
1-6
1-6
Chapter 2 - Data General Native-Mode
Data General Native-Mode -
Summary of O.perations ................... 2-1
Data General Native-Mode Features .............................................
Keyboard Character Generation .................................................
Forming Command Arguments ..................................................
Recovering a Decimal Value for Command Arguments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Forming Location Arguments ...................................................
Recovering a Decimal Value for Location Arguments. . . . . . .. .. . . .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . . .
Character Sets . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hard Character Sets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Soft Character Sets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Graphics. . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . .. . . . .... . . . . .. . . .. . . . . .. .... . . . .. . . .. . . . .
The Graphics Coordinate System .............................................
Graphics Cursor ...........................................................
Windows ....................................................................
Lead-In Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
UNIX Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Host-Programmable Function Keys ..............................................
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2-19
2-20
2-22
"
Debugging Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Dual Emulation Support .......................................................
Data General Native-Mode -
Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2-25
Fonnat of Command Listings in this Section .......................................
Command Syntax and Code Conventions ......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Character Set Commands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Select Character Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Shift Out . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Shift In ..................................................................
Deallocate Character Sets ...................................................
Define Character ..........................................................
Reserve Character .........................................................
Read Characters Remaining .................................................
Character Attribute Commands. ... . ... ... .... . . . . .. .. . .... ... ... .. . . . . .. . . . . . . ..
Change Attributes .........................................................
DimOn..................................................................
Dim Off .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Blink On .................................................................
Blink Off . . . . .. ... . .. . . . . ... . . .... . . .. .. . . . .. .. . . . ... .. . . ... . . . . .. . . . . . . ..
Blink Enable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Blink Disable .............................................................
Underscore On ............................................................
Underscore Off ...... ',' . . . . . . . . ... . . . .. .. . . .. .. .. .. ..... . . . ... . . . .. . . . . ... .
Reverse Video On ..........................................................
Reverse Video Off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Protect On .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Protect Off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . .
Protect Enable ............................................................
Protect Disable ............................................................
Double HighIDouble Wide ...................................................
Field Attributes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Page Attributes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Relative Cursor-Positioning Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cursor Right . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cursor Left ...............................................................
Cursor Up ................................................................
Cursor Down . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
New Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Carriage Return ...........................................................
Margins Commands ...........................................................
Set Margins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Set Alternate Margins ......................................................
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2-28
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2-29
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2-31
2-32
2-32
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2-32
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014-002111
Restore NorIllal Margins ....................................................
Screen Management qommands .................................................
Write Window Address. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Window Home. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Set Windows ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Set 25th Line Mode ........................................................
Push.....................................................................
Pop......................................................................
Write Screen Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Select Compressed Spacing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Select NOrIllal Spacing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Named Save/Restore Cursor .................................................
SaveJRestore Screen Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Screen Home .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Set Row Length. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Scrolling Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Show Columns ............................................................
Set Scroll Rate ......................................................... :..
Scroll Down . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Scroll Up .................................................................
Scroll Left ................................................................
Scroll Right . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Roll Enable ...............................................................
Roll Disable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Horizontal Scroll Disable ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Horizontal Scroll Enable ....................................................
Editing Commands ........................................................ ". . . .
Erase Window. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Erase Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Erase to End of Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Insert Line ...............................................................
Delete Line ...............................................................
Insert Line Between Margins ................................................
Delete Line Between Margins ................................................
Erase Unprotected. ... ... .... . . . ... . . . . .. . .. . . . .. .... .. . .. . . .. ... .. . . . .. .. .
Insert Character . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Delete Character. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Programmable Function Key Commands ..........................................
Host Programmable Function Keys. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Reporting Commands ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Report Screen Size.. .. . .. . ... . . . . . .. ... .. . . . . .... . .... . . .. . . .. . .. . . . . . . . .. .
Read Horizontal Scroll Offset ................................................
Read Window Address . ,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
014-002111
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vii
Read Screen Address .......................................................
Read Window Contents. .. .... . . ..... . .... . . . ... .. .. ..... ..... .. . . . ... . . ....
Read Model ID .....................................................•......
Read New Model ID ................................. ; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Dual-Emulation Support Commands .............................................
Hot Key Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Switch Emulation Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Set Split Screen Mode ......................................................
Set First Row To Display .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Set Device Options .... . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Miscellaneous Commands ......................................................
Set Cursor Type ...........................................................
Set Model ID .......................................................... '....
Set Clock Time ............................................................ '
Bell ........................................................................
Reset... ... .. . . ... .. .. .. . . . . . . .... ... ... ... . ... .. ..... ... .. . ... .... . . ....
Select 7/8 Bit Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . .
Set Keyboard Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
tJNIX Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Drawing Commands .......................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Line .....................................................................
Arc ........... ...........................................................
Bar ............ '" .. ..... .. . ...... .. . .. . . . . . . .. .. . . .. . ... .. . . . . . ... . . ....
Polygon Fill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Set Pattern ...............................................................
Set Foreground Color .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Graphics Cursor Commands ....................................................
Read Cursor Location.. . . ..... . .. . ... . ... . . .. ... .. .. . . . .. ...... . . . . ... . . .. . .
Cursor On ................................................................
Cursor Off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cursor Location ...........................................................
Cursor Track . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cursor Attributes ..........................................................
Cursor Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Printer Commands ............................................................
Print Window .............................................................
Print Form ...............................................................
Form Bit Dump. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Window Bit Dump .........................................................
Print Pass Through On .....................................................
Print Pass Through Off .................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Printer Pass Back To Host . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Simulprint On . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
viii
2-63
2-63
2-64
2-65
2-67
2-67
2-67
2-68
2-68
2-69
2-70
2-70
2-71
2-71
2-71
2-71
2-72
2-72
2-73
2-74
2-74
2-75
2-75
2-76
2-76
2-77
2-78
2-78
2-78
2-78
2-79
2-79
2-80
2-80
2-81
2-81
2-81
2-82
2-83
2-84
2-84
2-85
2-85
014-002111
Simulprint Off. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
VT-Style Autoprint On .....................................................
VT-Style Autoprint Off ....... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Select Printer National Character Set .........................................
Debugging Commands .........................................................
Data Trap Mode ...........................................................
Diagnostic Commands .........................................................
Read Cursor Contents ......................................................
Read Bit Contents .........................................................
Character Loopback ........................................................
Fill Screen With Character ..................................................
Fill Screen With Grid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Display Character Generator Contents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Perform UART Loopback Test. . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Chapter 3 -
VT320/100/52 Emulations
VT320/100 Emulation -
Summary of Operations ................... ..... . 3-3
VT320/100 Emulation Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Control Codes ................................................................
Received Control Codes .....................................................
Transmitted Control Codes ..................................................
Using B-bit Code in 7-bit Environments .......................................
Control Sequences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Escape Sequences. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Device Control Strings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Generated Keyboard Codes .....................................................
Character Sets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hard Character Sets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Soft Character Sets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ANSI Standard Mode Switches ..................................................
ANSI Private Mode Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
User-Defined Keys. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Character Attributes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Line Attributes ...............................................................
014-002111
2-86
2-86
2-86
2-87
2-88
2-88
2-89
2-89
2-90
2-90
2-91
2-91
2-91
2-91
3-4 ,
3-5
3-5
3-8
3-12
3-13
3-13
3-13
3-14
3-17
3-17
3-20
3-23
3-25
3-27
3-27
3-28
ix
VT320/100 Emulation -
Control Sequences ............................ 3-29
Format of Control Sequences in This Section .......................................
A Note on Syntax Conventions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hard Character Set Control Sequences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sequences for Designating Character Sets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Assign User-Preferred Supplemental Set (AUPSS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sequences for Invoking Character Sets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Shift In (SI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Shift Out (SO) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. '. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Shift Lock Two (SL2) .......................................................
Shift Lock Three (SL3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Shift Lock G1 GR ..........................................................
Shift Lock G2 GR ................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Shift Lock G3 GR ..........................................................
Single Shift Two (SS2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Single Shift Three (SS3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Soft Character Set Control Sequences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sequences for Downloading Soft Characters (VT320) .............................
Sequences for Clearing Downloaded Soft Character Sets ..........................
Attribute Control Sequences ....................................................
Line Attribute Sequences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Character Attribute Sequences ........ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Select Graphic Rendition (SGR) ..............................................
Select Character Attributes (SCA) ............................................
Cursor Positioning Control Sequences. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cursor Up (CUD) ..........................................................
Cursor Down (CUD) ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cursor Forward (CUF) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cursor Backward (CUB) ....................................................
Cursor Position (CUP) ......................................................
Horizontal and Vertical Position (HVP) ........................................
Index (IND) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Reverse Index (RI) .........................................................
Next Line (NEL) .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Save Cursor (SC) ..........................................................
Restore Cursor (RC) ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tabulation Control Sequences ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Set Horizontal Tab (HTS) ...................................................
Clear Tab Stops (TBC) ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
x
3-30
3-30
3-31
3-31
3-32
3-32
3-32
3-32
3-33
3-33
3-33
3-33
3-33
3-34
3-34
3-35
3-35
3-36
3-37
3-37
3-38
3-38
3-38
3-39
3-39
3-39
3-40
3-40
3-40
3. 41
3-41
3-41
3-42
3-42
3-42
3-43
3-43
3-43
014-002111
Screen Editing Control Sequences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Delete Character (DCH) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Insert Character (ICH) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Insert Line (IL) ......... :-. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Delete Line (DL) ...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Erase Character (ECH) .....................................................
Erase In Line (EL) .........................................................
Erase In Display (ED) ......................................................
Selective Erase In Line (DECSEL) ............................................
Selective Erase In Display (DECSED) .........................................
Scroll Down (SD)T320 ......................................................
Scroll Up (SU) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . .
ANSI Standard Mode Control Sequences ..........................................
Set Mode (SM) ............................................................
Reset Mode (RM) ..........................................................
ANSI Standard Mode Parameters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Keyboard Action Mode (KAM) ...............................................
InsertlReplace Mode (IRM) ..................................................
SendlReceive Mode (SRM) ..................................................
Line FeedlNew Line Mode (LNM) ............................................
ANSI Private Mode Control Sequences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private Set Mode (EXSM) ...................................................
Private Reset Mode (EXRM) .................................................
ANSI Private Operating Mode Parameters .....................................
Application/ANSI Cursor Keys Mode (ACKM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Column Mode (CaLM) .....................................................
Scrolling Mode (SCRLM) ....................................................
Screen Mode (SCRNM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cursor Origin Mode (COM) ..................................................
Set to VT52 Mode ................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Set Limited Transmit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Auto Wrap Mode (AWM) ....................................................
Auto Repeat Mode (ARM) ...................................................
Print Form Feed Mode (PFF) ................................................
Print Extent Mode (PEXM) ..................................................
Text Cursor Enable Mode (TCEM) ............................................
MultilNational Character Set Mode (MNCSM) ..................................
Numeric Keypad Mode (NKl\1) ...............................................
Backarrow Key Mode (BKM) ................................................
TypewriterlData Processing Keys Mode (KBUM) ................•...............
PCTERM Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
01~2111
3-44
3-44
3-44
3-45
3-45
3-45
3-46
3-46
3-47
3-47
3-48
3-48
3-49
3-49
3-49
3-50
3-50
3-50
3-51
3-51
3-52
3-52
3-53
3-54
3-54
3-54
3-55
3-55
3-55
3-56
3-56
3-56
3-57
3-57
3-58
3-58
3-58
3-59
3-59
3-59
3-60
xi
· Transmission Control Sequences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transmit 7-bit Controls. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transmit 8-bit Controls. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
User-Defined Key Control Sequences ........... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
User Defined Keys (UDK) ...................................................
Miscellaneous Control Sequences ................................................
Soft Terminal Reset ........................................................
Hard Terminal Reset.. .. .. ... . .. ... . . . ... . .. ... .. ...... . .... .. .. . . .. . . . . .. .
Alignment.. .. .. . . . .. ... ... . . . ..... . . ... . ... . . .. ..... . . .... .. .. . . .. . . . . . . .
Display Character Generator Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Set/Report Language .......................................................
Set Clock Time ............................................................
Hot Key Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Set Top and Bottom Margins (STBM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Bit Dump Screen ...........................................................
Force Display .............................................................
Data Trap Mode ...........................................................
Select Active Status Display (SASD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Select Status Line Type (SSDT) ..............................................
Set Conformance Level (SCL) ................................................
Set Device Options ....................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Split Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Reporting Control Sequences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Terminal Identification (DECID) .................................................
Device Status Report (DSR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Primary Device Attribute Request (DA) ........................................
Secondary Device Attribute Request (SDA) .....................................
Cursor Position Report (CPR) ................................................
User Defined Key Status ....................................................
Keyboard Language.......... ..............................................
Answerback. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Printer Port Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Request Terminal State Report (RQTSR) . . .. . . . .. . . .. . .. . . . . . .. .. . . .. .. . . . . . . ..
Restore Terminal State (RSTS) . . .. . .. . .. . .. . . . .. . .. .. .. . . . . . .. . . .. . .. . . . . . . . .
Request Presentation State Report (RQPSR) .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Restore Presentation State (RSPS) ..... . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Request Mode (RQM) ......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Request User-Preferred Supplemental Set (RQUPSS) ...................... . . . . . .
Read Cursor Content .......................................................
Request Selection or Setting (RQSS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
xii
3-61
3-61
3-61
3-62
3-62
3-63
3-61
3-61
3-61
3-63
3-64
3-64
3-64
3-65
3':'65
3-65
3-66
3-66
3-67
3-67
3-68
3-69
3-70
3-70
3-70
3-71
3-72
3-72
3-73
3-74
3-75
3-75
3-76
3-76
3-77
3-79
3-79
3-81
3-81
3-82
014-002111
Printing Control Sequences .................................................... .3-84
Auto Print Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-84
Print Screen ..............................................................
3-84
Print Cursor Line ....... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-84
Print Controller Mode ......................................................
3-85
VT52 Emulation Operations and Escape Sequences ...................... 3·85
Character Sets and Graphics ............ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Keyboard Generated Codes .....................................................
VT52 Escape Sequences ........................................................
3-86
3-87
3-89
Chapter 4 - Tektronix 4010 Emulation
Emulation Features ...........................................................
Overview of Operational Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Alphanumeric Mode ...........................................................
Margins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
View and Hold Submodes ...................................................
Graphic Plot Mode ............................................................
Using Graphic Plot Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Graphics Input Mode ..........................................................
Alphanumeric Cursor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Graphics Cursor ...........................................................
Hard Copy Command ............................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hot-Key Switch. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
User Selectable Options .............. :.........................................
Graphic Input Terminators ..................................................
Line/Local Operation .......................................................
Data Communication Baud Rates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Control Codes ................................................................
. 014-002111
4-2
4-2
4-3
4-3
4-3
4-4
4-4
4-7
4-7
4-8
4-8
4-9
4-9
4-9
4-9
4-9
4-10
xiii
Chapter 5 - PCTERM Operations
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Inbound (Terminal to Host) Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Flow Control ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Keyboard G-enerated Codes ..................................................
Outbound (Host to Tenninal) Codes ..............................................
Cursor Addressing .........................................................
Character Sets ............................................................
VP/ix getty Setup ..............................................................
Sample terminfo File ...........................................................
Sample VP/ix term File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-1
5-2
5-2
5-2
5-6
5-6
5-6
5-7
5-7
5-8
Appendix A - Character Sets
United States ASCII Character Set. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
NRC United Kingdom Character Set. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .
NRC French Character Set .....................................................
NRC German Character Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
NRC SwedishlFinnish Character Set .............................................
NRC Spanish Character Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
NRC Danish/Norwegian Character Set. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
NRC Swiss Character Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
NRC Katakana (GO) Character Set ..............................................
Katakana (Gl) Character Set .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DG International Character Set .................................................
Word-Processing, Greek, and Math Character Set ..................................
DG Line Drawing Character Set .... " ....... " . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .
DG Special Graphics Character Set (PC Characters) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
VT Multinational Character Set .................................................
VT Special Graphics Character Set (VT Line Drawing) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ISO 8859/1.2 Character Set .....................................................
PCTERM Low Character Set (0 hex through 7F hex) ................................
PCTERM High Character Set (80 hex through FF hex) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
xiv
A-2
A-3
A-4
A-5
A-6
A-7
A-8
A-9
A-I0
A-ll
A-12
A-13
A-14
A-15
A-16
A-17
A-18
A-19
A-20
014-002111
Appendix B - National Language Keyboards
Canadian/English l07-key Keyboard .............................................
CanadianlFrench l07-key Keyboard. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Danish l07-key Keyboard ...............................•.......................
French l07-key Keyboard ......................................................
German 107-key Keyboard .....................................................
Italian 107-key Keyboard .................................. " . .. . . . . .... .. .... ..
Katakana l07-keyKeyboard .......................... ..........................
Norwegian l07-key Keyboard .......... :. .. ... . . . . ... . .. . . . .. . .. . . . .. ... .. ... . ..
Spanish 107-key Keyboard .....................................................
SwedishlFinnish 107-key Keyboard... . .. . .. .. . . .. .... . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . .... . . .. . . . .
SwisslFrench 107-key Keyboard. . . . .. . .. .. . . . . . . .... . . .. . .. .. . .. . . . . .. .... .... . .
Swiss/German l07-key Keyboard ........................... :....................
United Kingdom l07-key Keyboard..............................................
United States 107-key Keyboard. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CanadianlFrench 102-key Keyboard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Danish lO2-key Keyboard ......................................................
French l02-key Keyboard ......................................................
German lO2-key Keyboard .....................................................
Italian l02-key Keyboard. . . ... . .. .. . . . .. .. . .. . . . .... . . . . . . .. . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . .
. Norwegian 102-key Keyboard ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Spanish lO2-key Keyboard .....................................................
SwedishlFinnish 102-key Keyboard ..... ,. .. ... . ...... . .. .. . . .. . . . . . ... . . . . . . . ...
Swiss lO2-key Keyboard .................................. ~ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
United Kingdom 102-key Keyboard ..............................................
United States 102-key Keyboard. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
B-2
B-2
B-3
B-3
B-4
B-4
B-5
B-5
B-6
B-6
B-7
B-7
B-8
B-8
B-9
B-9
B-10
B-10
B-1l
B-1!
B-12
B-12
B-13
B-13
B-14
Appendix C - Sample Programs
Notice............................................. ..........................
Data General Native-Mode "C" .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Data General Native-Mode ''Fortran 77" ..........................................
'VT320 Emulation "C" ................ '...........................................
'VT320 Emulation "Fortran 77" ..................................................
'VT52 Emulation "C" ...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
'VT52 Emulation "Fortran 77" ...................................................
Tektronix 4010 Emulation "C" .... . . .. . . . . . . . .. . .. .... . . .. . ... . .. . . . . . .. . . . . . . . ..
Tektronix 4010 Emulation "Fortran 77" ...........................................
014-002111
C-2
C-3
C-10
C-20
C-27
C-37
C-44
C-52
C-59
XV
Figures
Figure
2-1
2-2
2-3
2-4
2-5
2-6
3-1
3-2
4-1
Combining LSBs to Create Decimal Values for Command Arguments ........... .
Combining LSBs to Create Decimal Values for Location Arguments ............. .
Designating Character Sets as GL and GR (Data General Native-Mode) ......... .
Defining a Soft Character Cell Row ....................................... .
Combining
Pairs to Specify a Soft Character ........................... .
The Graphics Coordinate System at Power Up or Reset ....................... .
Invoking Character Sets into GL and GR (VT320/100) ........................ .
Examples of Double-Height and Double-Width Lines ........................ .
The Coordinate System of the Tektronix 4010 Emulation ..................... .
2-9
2-12
2-14
2-16
2-16
2-18
3-19
3-28
4-4
Tables
Table
2-1
2-2
2-3
2-4
2-5
2-6
2-7
2-8
2-9
2-10
2-11
3-1
3-2
3-3
3-4
3-5
3-6
3-7
3-8
xvi
Keyboard Generated Codes - Function Keys (Data General Native-Mode) .......
Keyboard Generated Codes - Editing Keypad (Data General Native-Mode) ......
Keyboard Generated Codes - Cursor Keypad (Data General Native-Mode) ......
Keyboard Generated Codes - Numeric Keypad (Data General Native-Mode) . . . . ..
Command Argument Translation (Decimal to DG-Hex) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
Location Argument Translation (Decimal into ASCII Characters) ................
Character Sets Available In Data General Native-Mode .......................
Remapped Key Codes for UNIX Support ....................................
Altered Outbound Codes for UNIX Support. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
Altered Data General Native-Mode Commands for UNIX Support ...............
Control Codes Altered for UNIX Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
All CO and Cl Control Codes ..............................................
Supported CO Control Codes .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
Supported Cl Control Codes ..............................................
Control Codes Generated from the Editing Keys (VT320/100) ............. . . . . ..
Control Codes Generated from the Cursor Control Keys (VT320/100) . . . . . . . . . . . ..
Control Codes Generated from the Auxiliary Keypad (VT320/100) ...............
Control Codes Generated from the Function Keys (VT320/100) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
CO Control Codes Generated from the Main Keypad (VT320/100) ................
2-5
2-6
2-6
2-7
2-8
2-11
2-13
2-20
2-21
2-21
2-22
3-5
3-6
3-7
3-8
3-8
3-9
3-10
3-11
014-002111
3-9
3-10
3-11
3-12
3-13
3-14
3-15
3-16
3-17
3-18
3-19
4-1
4-2
4-3
5-1
5-2
5-3
5-4
5-5
Keyboard Generated Codes - Function Keys (VT320) .........................
Keyboard Generated Codes - Function Keys (VT100) .........................
Keyboard Generated Codes - Editing Keypad (VT320) ........................
Keyboard Generated Codes - Cursor Keypad (VT320 and VT100) . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
Keyboard Generated Codes-Numeric Keypad (VT320 and VT100) .............
Default ANSI Standard Mode Parameters ...................................
Default ANSI Private Mode Parameters ....................................
Keyboard Generated Codes - Function Keys (VT52) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
Keyboard Generated Codes - Cursor Keys (VT52) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
Keyboard Generated Codes - Numeric Keypad (VT52) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
VT52 Escape Sequences. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
Format of the Alphanumeric Cursor Status Byte .............................
Single Control Codes ....................................................
Double Control Codes (Escape Sequences) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
Keyboard Generated Codes - Function Keys (PCTERM) ......................
Keyboard Generated Codes - Numeric Keypad (PCTERM) ....................
Keyboard Generated Codes - Editing Keypad with Num Lock Off (PCTERM) . . . ..
Keyboard Generated Codes - Editing Keypad with Num Lock On (PCTERM) .. . ..
Keyboard Generated Codes - Main Keypad (PCTERM) .......................
3-15
3-16
3-16
3-16
3-17
3-23
3-25
3-86
3-86
3-87
3-88
4-7
4-10
4-10
5-3
5-3
5-4
5-4
5-5
End of Contents
014-002111
xvii
Chapter 1
Introduction
This chapter provides a brief introduction to the programming environment of the D217/ D4131D463
line of Data General terminals. This chapter has, the major sections listed below.
Terminal Features
Enhancements for the D4131D463
Supported Emulations and Modes
Summary of On-Line Operations
Communications Interface
Input Buffer
Flow Control
The Character Generator
25th Row Support
Term-Server Support
Information on operating one of these terminals is contained within Installing and Operating Your
D216E+, D217, D413, and D463 Display Terminal (014-001767).
)
014-002111
1-1
Terminal Features
The 02171D413fD463 terminals provides maximum compatibility with both the OASHERJD200 and
the expanded set of 0460 primitives for the interactive applications programmer. Listed below are
some of the main programming features:
• 25 lines of 80 characters displayed in a 10 x12 dot matrix on the 0217
• 25 lines of 81 characters displayed in a 10 x 12 dot matrix in normal mode on the 04131D463, and
25 lines of 135 characters displayed in a 6 x 12 dot matrix in compressed mode on the 0413/D463
• Bidirectional vertical scrolling on all models
• 0200 upward compatibility on all models
• UNIX®-friendly protocol mode that simplifies terminfo file specifications on all models
• OEC® VT320, VT100, and VT52 emulations on the 04131D463
• PCTERM operating mode of VT100 emulation on all models
• Full-screen configuration set-up menus on all models
• Smooth vertical scrolling on the 04131D463
• Horizontal scrolling across 207 columns on the D4131D463
• Up to 25 scroll areas, or windows on the D4131D463
• Advanced editing features on the D4131D463
• Protected text on the D4131D463
• Tektronix® 4010 emulation on the 0463
• Extended graphics with the Line, Are, Bar, and Polygon Fill commands on the 0463
• Graphics cursor for graphics input, controllable by keyboard or mouse on the 0463
• Page and field attributes
• Double high and dQuble wide rows selectable on all models.
1-2
014-002111
Enhancements for the 0413/0463
The D2171D4131D463 has significant improvements over the previous generation Data General
terminals. These improvements allow wider system support and enhanced features:
• New diacritical (Spcl) key sequences allow access (using the ALT key) of new characters in the
Data General International (DGI) character set on all models
• ISO 8859/1.2 Latin-l compliant character set available in both Data General native-mode and
VT emulations on all models
• Added bell to IBM PC AT style (101 key) keyboard
• No downloadable character sets on the D413
• Cmd-Cursor UparrowlDownarrow enables/disables split screen on the D4131D463 and moves the
split point up and down
• Cmd-Shift-Cursor UparrowlDownarrow moves the active emulation viewing region up and down
Supported Emulations and Modes
The terminals support the following emulation or operational modes:
• Data General native-mode on all models
• VT100/VT52 on all models
• PCTERM (an operational mode of the VT320/100 emulation, PCTERM is treated as a separate
emulation in this manual to avoid confusion within the VT3201100 sections) on all models
• VT320 on the D4131D463
• Tektronix 4010 on the D463
014-002111
1-3
Summary of On-Line Operations
The terminal consists of two major units: the keyboard and the display unit. The keyboard is an
input device that generates ASCII characters that are interpreted by the host computer. The display
unit is an output device. It interprets commands from the host to control the screen image. The
display unit also serves as a link between the host and any printer attached to the terminal.
Input from the keyboard consists of commands and characters. Characters entered at the keyboard
for display must be forwarded to the display unit by the host (in full duplex mode only). Commands
are either forwarded to the host or are used to invoke special functions in the host software.
The display unit, responding to the ASCII display and control characters, is primarily an output
device for the host. A few of the ASCII character sequences or commands request status or
configuration information from the display unit. In these cases, the display unit also functions as an
input device.
Communications Interface
The terminal uses an asynchronous serial communication interface. The host computer and optional
printer are connected to the display unit via serial interfaces. You can select the terminal transmit
and receive baud rates, and other serial characteristics, through the Configuration Menu (accessed
by simultaneously pressing the Cmd and N/C keys on the 107-key, Data General Proprietary
keyboard or rightmost Ctrl and Scroll Lock keys on the 1OI-key IBM PC AT-style keyboard). Even
though the bit transmission rate is set with the baud-rate settings, compatibility with Data General
operating systems requires that the terminal transmit characters to the host at a maximum rate of
60 characters per second (paced transmissions). The actual transmission rate falls below this when
baud rates below 600 are selected. The character transfer rate is menu-selectable so that other
systems, such as UNIX, can take advantage of unpaced transmissions.
Input Buffer
The terminals process all display characters and most commands within the time it takes to receive
them (within 2 ms) when the baud rate is 4800 or less. The terminal uses a 256-byte input buffer to
accumulate characters the display unit is unable to interpret immediately. The characters are held
in the buffer until the terminal is ready to accept them. This commonly occurs when the
transmission rate is 9600 baud or higher, or when the tenninal performs smooth-scrolling
operations.
1-4
014-002111
Flow Control
As the input buffer approaches its capacity, the terminal can automatically issue a Ctrl-S (DC3) to
signal the host to stop transmitting characters. A Ctrl-S is sent automatically when the number of
characters in the buffer reaches a menu-selected value of 64, 128, or 192. You can also choose in
menus not to send any Ctrl-S, regardless of the state of the buffer. If the host does not immediately
respond to the Ctrl-S by ceasing the flow of characters, the terminal sends another Ctrl-S after
eight more characters have been received, and continues to send a Ctrl-S after each eight characters
until either the host responds or the buffer fills. If the buffer fills before the host responds, the
terminal sends a Ctrl-S back to the host for every character received. When the input buffer falls to
32 enqueued characters, the terminal sends a Ctrl-Q (DCI) to the host, signaling it to resume
transmission. The host should respond before the input buffer empties, to avoid a stuttering effect on
the display screen.
The Character Generator
All terminals are equipped with a 512~haracter Character Generator (CGEN), which resides in
terminal ROM. All hard (ROM-resident) character sets in any mode or emulation are composed of a
subset of the characters in the CGEN. Listed below are the sets of predefined characters that
comprise the CGEN:
• U.S. ASCII characters
• Foreign language characters (National Replacement Characters)
• Word Processing with math, Greek, forms, superscripts and subscripts
• PC characters
• DEC VT characters
• ISO (international) characters
• Data General international characters
• Japanese Katakana (phonetic) characters
• Line drawing characters
014-002111
1-5
25th Row Support
All terminals and emulations, except the Tektronix 4010, support a redefineable status line. This
means that the status line can be treated as the 25th line on the screen. Thus, when this mode is
enabled the screen rows run from 0 through 24, instead of the 0 through 23 range that was standard
on previous terminals. Refer to the emulation chapters for additional information on the particular
usage of this mode within that emulation.
Term-Server Support
The Cmd-C3 keystroke combination on 107-key proprietary Data General keyboards (or rightmost
Ctrl and End keys on WI-key IBM PC AT-style keyboards) generates a special code (IC hex, 034
octal) that we provided for persons using term-servers. This code can be used to initiate a macro
inside the term-server that switches to a new host computer and sends a code to the terminal to
change to the appropriate emulation. Allowing the term-server to handle this process keeps the host
computer and the emulation mode synchronized. The alternative is having the user manually tell the
term-server to change to a new host and then manually change the emulation mode on the terminal.
Full details on switching emulations is included within the appropriate emulation chapters.
End of Chapter
1-6
014-002111
Chapter 2
Data General Native-Mode
This chapter provides the programming information for Data General native-mode operations on the
D2171D4131D463 terminals. This chapter has two major sections:
Data General Native-Mode Summary of Operations
Data General Native-Mode Commands
Information regarding functions and operations of the terminal that apply to all modes or emulations
is covered in Chapter 1. Additional information on keyboard layouts and various Data General
native-mode reference material are covered in appendices, located at the rear of this manual.
014-002111
2-1
Command Syntax and Code Conventions
Throughout this manual, there are certain conventions used whenever Data General nativemode commands are explained or referenced. These conventions are:
•
Any value enclosed within angle brackets ( < > ) is in octal, except command or location
arguments.
•
Values in the form of <0>, <00>, and are location arguments. These values are always
(except in UNIX mode, see Table 2-8) expressed in DG-hex. For more information on conunand
arguments (and DG-hex), see "Forming Command Arguments."
• Values in the form of are location arguments. These values are always (except in
UNIX mode) expressed with ASOI characters from "~' through "_". For more information on
location arguments, see ''Forming Location Arguments."
•
2-2
Spaces are often included within a command to separate characters for clarity. When entering a
conunand, do not enter these spaces. If a space is part of a conunand, it will be written as
.
014-002111
Data General Native-Mode
Summary of Operations
This section summarizes the operations information specific to Data General native-mode. This
section does not cover format or usage of Data General native-mode commands, which are covered in
"Data General Native-Mode Commands," later in this chapter.
This section covers the information listed below:
Data General Native-Mode Features
Command Syntax and Code Conventions
Keyboard Character Generation
Fonning Command Arguments
Fonning Location Arguments
Character Sets
Graphics
Windows
Lead-In Codes
UNIX Support
Host-Programmable Function Keys
Debugging Support
Dual Emulation Support
Information regarding functions of the terminal that apply to all modes or emulations is covered in
Chapter 1. Additional information on keyboard layouts and various Data General native-mode
reference material are contained within appendices, which are located at the rear ofthis manual.
01~02111
2-3
.
....
.'
.
.
."
' ~ i:l ~
,.
::»..;.:
,
.
...
Data General Native-Mode Features
All terminals provide maximum compatibility with the D200 and the expanded set of D400
. primitives for the interactive applications programmer. Listed below are some of the main
programming features of these terminals in Data General native-mode:
• 25 lines of 81 characters displayed in a 10 x 12 dot matrix in normal mode
• 25 lines of 135 characters displayed in a 6 x 12 dot matrix in compressed mode on the D413iD463
• 25 lines of 80 characters displayed in a 10 x 12 dot matrix on the D217
• D200 upwardly compatible with all models
• UNIX-friendly protocol mode that simplifies terminfo file specifications on all models
• 25th row can be configured as a status line, an extra screen line, a blank row, or as a host
programmable row on all models
• Supports both IBM PC AT-style (101 key) and Data General proprietary (107-key) keyboards on
all models
• IBM PC printer supported in character and graphics modes on all models
• IBM PC compatible character set available on all models
• ISO 8859/1.2 Latin-1 compliant character set available on all models
• Bidirectional vertical smooth scrolling on the D4131D463
• Horizontal scrolling across 207 columns on the D4131D463
• Up to 25 scroll areas, windows, on the D4131D463
• Enhanced editing commands on the D4131D463
• Protected text on the D4131D463
• Split-screen, dual-host mode on the D4131D463
• Hot-key switch between hosts, or between emulations on a single host, on the D4131D463
• Up to 37 sets of up to 94 characters on the D463, for a total of up to 3504 user-defined characters
• Extended graphics with the Line, Are, Bar, and Polygon Fill commands on the D463
• Graphics cursor for graphics input, controllable by the keyboard or a mouse, on the D463
• Page and field attributes
• Double high and wide rows
2-4
014-002111
Keyboard Character Generation
Each time you press a key, data is sent to the tenninal. The tenninal interprets this data as either a
local key (such as a Shift key) or as a code generating key (such as the character "A"). If a character
code is generated, it is either sent on to the host computer, if in on-line mode, or is taken as direct
input by the tenninal, ifin off-line mode.
The terminal supports two keyboards, a WI-key keyboard, similar to an IBM-PC AT-style
keyboard, and a 107-key Data General standard keyboard. Table 2-1, Table 2-2, Table 2-3, and
Table 2-4 show the code generated by each key and recognized keystroke combination on 100-key
. and 107-key keyboards. We did not include the code generated by the main keypad because the
generated code is simply the code of the character on the face of the key.
NOTE: The lO7-key keyboard has a Cmd key that does not appear on the WI-key keyboard. To
simulate the Cmd key, use the rightmost Ctrl key on WI-key keyboards.
Table 2·1 Keyboard Generated Codes - Function Keys (Data General Native-Mode)
107~ey
014-002111
Keyboard
101-key
Keyboard
Normal
Shift
Ctrl
Ctrl-Shift
F1
F2
F3
F4
F5
FS
F7
F8
F9
F10
F11
F12
F13
F14
F15
Print
N/C
Hold
F1
F2
F3
F4
F5
FS
F7
F8
F9
F10
F11 or AIt-F1
F12 or Alt-F2
Alt-F3
Alt-F4
Alt-F5
Print Screen
Scroll Lock
Pause/Break
<03S> q
<03S> r
<03S> s
<03S> t
<03S> u
<03S> v
<03S> w
<03S> x
<03S> y
<03S> z
<03S> {
<03S> I
<03S> }
<03S> <03S> p
Local function
Local function
Local function
<03S> a
<03S> b
<03S> c
<03S> d
<036> e
<036> f
<036> 9
<036> h
<036> i
<036> j
<03S> k
<03S> I
<036> m
<036> n
<036> '
none
none
none
<03S> 1
<03S> 2
<03S> 3
<03S> 4
<03S> 5
<03S> S
<03S> 7
<03S> 8
<03S> 9
<03S> :
<03S> ;
<03S> <
<03S> =
<03S> >
<03S> 0
none
none
none
<03S> !
<03S> ..
<03S> #
<03S> $
<03S> %
<03S> &
<03S> '
<03S> (
<03S> )
<03S> *
<03S> +
<03S> ,
<03S><03S> .
<03S>
none
none
none
2-5
Table 2·2 Keyboard Generated Codes 107-tey
Keyboard
101-tey
Keyboard
Normal
Shift
Erase Page
C1
C2
Erase EOl
C3
C4
Print
Cmd-Print
Insert
Home
Page Up
Delete
End
Page Down
Print Screen
R.Ctrl-Print Screen
<014>
<036> \
<036> 1
<013>
<036> A
<036> none
<036><021>
<014>
<036> X
<036> Y
<013>
<036> Z
<036> [
none
<036><001>
Table 2·3 Keyboard Generated Codes 107-tey
Keyboard
Uparrow
Rightarrow
leftarrow
Downarrow
Home
2-6
Editing Keypad (Data General Native-Mode)
101-tey
Keyboard
Uparrow
Rightarrow
leftarrow
Downarrow
nla
UNIX Mode
Normal
Shift
<036> PH
<036> \
<036> 1
<036> PE
<036> A
<036> none
<036>PO
<036> PH
<036> X
<036> Y
<036> PE
<036> Z
<036> [
none
<036>P1
Cursor Keypad (Data General Native-Mode)
Normal
<027>
<030>
<031>
<032>
<010>
Shift
<036><027>
<036><030>
<036><031>
<036><032>
<036><010>
UNIX Mode
Normal
Shift
<036>PA
<036>PC
<036>PD
<036>PB
<036>PF
<036>Pa
<036>Pc
<036>Pd
<036>Pb
<036>Pf
014-002111
Table 2·4 Keyboard Generated Codes - Numeric Keypad (Data General Native-Mode)
107-key
Keyboard1
101-key Keyboard
Mapping with
Num Lock On
On
Numlock
On
I
*
/
*
/
*
- (minus)
, (comma)
. (period)
-+
,
1
2
3
4
.IDelete
Ollnsert
1/End
21Downarrow
3/Pg On
4/leftarrow
1
2
3
4
5
5
5
0
6
7
a
9
New Line
1
2
101-key
Keyboard
6/Rightarrow
7/Home
a/Uparrow
9/Pg Up
Enter
0
6
7
a
9
New Line
101-key Keyboard
Mapping with
Num Lock 002
Off
/
*
,
Erase EOl
Erase Page
C3
Downarrow
C4
leftarrow
Home
Rightarrow
C1
Uparrow
C2
New Line
107-keyboard numeric keypads have no Num Lock OnIOff mode.
Editing keys on the 107-key keyboard are mapped onto the numeric keypad on 101-key
keyboards when Num Lock is Off. See Table 2-2 and Table 2-3 and for generated codes.
Forming Command Arguments
Command arguments, are ASCII characters. The majority of arguments in Data General
native-mode commands are composed of either one, two, or three bytes. Each of these arguments are
represented respectively by "n", "nn", or "nnn". In command listings, the arguments are always
enclosed by angle brackets ( < > ). However, these brackets simply separate the command argument
from the surrounding characters. The brackets do not mean that the command arguments are in
octal.
Command arguments are expressed as a version (known hereafter as DO-hex) of standard hex that
replaces"N' with ":","B" with ";", "C" with "<", "D" with "=", "E" with ">", and replaces"F' with "?".
For example, in standard hex, the deci~al value "15" is expressed as "F'. However, in DO-hex, the
decimal value "15" is expressed as "1".
CAUTION: UNIX mode does not use DG-hex to express command arguments. For the format of
command arguments in UNIX mode, see the section "UNIX Support," later in this
chapter.
01~02111
2-7
..
~
...
"
~
:;:..,.
"
When command arguments are received by the terminal, the four least significant bits of each byte
are concatenated. Thus, an value has four bits; an value has eight bits; and an
value has twelve bits. The next section "Recovering a Decimal Value from DO-Hex," has more
details on this concatenation process.
Actually forming command arguments is a simple matter of expressing a decimal value in DO-hex.
Table 2-5 shows how to change decimal values into DO-hex.
Table 2-5 Command Argument Translation (Decimal to DG-Hex)
Argument Forms
and Decimal Values
ASCII
Characters
Oto?
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
,
<
=
>
?
n>
0
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Examples
For = 12
1st n = "<" from table
= < (OG-hex)
For = 135 = 128 + 7
1st n = 128 = "8"
2ndn = 7 ="7"
= 87 (OG-hex)
For = 3888 =3840 + 48
1st n =3840 ="?"
2nd n =48 ="3"
3rd n =0 = "0"
=?30 (OG-hex)
The largest possible decimal value for is 4095. Every value from 0 to 4095 can be expressed
as the sum of values that occur in the table, specifically, one value from each of the three columns.
However, the decimal value does not determine the form of the argument. Rather, the form of the
argument (n, nn, or nnn) determines the range. For example, is always a single byte; is
always two bytes; and is always three bytes.
To express a decimal value in DO-hex, follow these steps.
1. Express the decimal value as the sum of up to three values, one from each column, in the table.
An uses only the rightmost column. An uses that column and the center one. An
uses all three columns. Locate the value in the table that is closest to, but not greater
than, the decimal value you want to translate. Subtract the closest value from the original value.
Take that difference and find the closest value, but not greater, to it in the table. Continue until
you have expressed the original decimal value as the sum of three values from the table.
2-8
014-002111
2. Locate each of the values found in the table and determine what ASCII character represents that
value. Once you have determined the appropriate ASCII character for each column, string them
together as shown in Table 2-5. The resulting code is in DG-hex.
Recovering a Decimal Value from DG-hex
Some commands return parameter data to the host. In most cases, this data is in DG-hex form and
will ned to be converted back. to decimal for application use. For the , , and
argument forms, only the lower four bits of each argument byte are used. The lower four bits, known
as Least Significant Bits or LSBs, of each argument byte are concatenated together to form a 4-bit
value for , an 8-bit value for , and a 12-bit value for . Figure 2-1 shows how the
argument bytes ( 8--bit ASCII characters) are evaluated.
to interpret "n" format
take the LSBs from one ASCII character to form a
4-bit value which can range from 0 to 15 (Decimal)
AAAA=n
to interpret "nn" format
AAAAAAAA
BBBBBBBB
'----~~---.
take the LSBs from two ASCII characters to form an
&-bIt value which can range from 0 to 255 (Decimal)
AAAABBBB = nn
to Interpret "nnn" format
AAAAAAAA
BBBBBBBB
CCCCCCCC
take the LSBs from three ASCII characters to form a
12-bit value which can range from 0 to 4095 (Decimal)
'--"-___3._~___3._~___
AAAABBBBCCCC = nnn
Figure 2-1 Combining LSBs to Create Decimal Values from DG-hex
014-002111
2-9
Forming Location Arguments
Location arguments are used to specifY x- and y-ordinates for graphics commands in Data General
native-mode (not, however, in UNIX mode). They are always in the form of , where NNN is
three ASCII characters from "@"through "_". In commands, the NNN values are enclosed within
angle brackets. These brackets are only used in this manual to clearly separate the location
argument from the surrounding codes; the brackets do not mean that location arguments are in
octal. Forming location arguments is similar to forming command arguments. In both cases, you
must express a decimal value as a value containing ASCII characters.
CAUTION: Location arguments in UNIX mode have a different format. Refer to the "UNIX
Support" section later in this chapter for details on how UNIX mode uses location
arguments.
Location arguments, which always have three bytes, are treated differently than command
arguments by the terminal when they are transmitted. Each byte (8-bits) of the argument is
truncated by the terminal into a 5-bit quantity by removing the three most significant bits of each
byte. Then the remaining three 5-bit quantities are concatenated into a 15-bit value (rather than
the 12-bit value in command arguments). For more information on how this concatenation occurs,
see the next section "Generating a Decimal Value From Location Arguments."
Forming location arguments is similar to forming command arguments. In both cases, you must
express a decimal value (ranging from 0 through 3071) as a value containing one or more ASCII
characters. Table 2-6 helps you transform decimal values into a form containing ASCII characters.
2-10
014-002111
Table 2·6 Location Argument Translation Table (Decimal into ASCII Characters)
Argument Forms
and Decimal Values
ASCII
Characters
@to_
@
A
B
N
0
1024
2048
C
0
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
0
p
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
[
\
]
A
-
not
used
N
0
32
64
96
128
160
192
224
256
288
320
352
384
416
448
480
512
544
576
608
640
672
704
736
768
800
832
864
896
928
960
992
N
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
Examples
For = 455
=0+448+7
=@NG
For
= 1420
=
1024 + 384 + 12
= ALL
The largest possible decimal value for is 3071. Every value from 0 through 3071 can be
expressed as the sum of values that occur in the table, specifically, one value from each of the three
columns. Remember, location arguments always have three bytes.
014-002111
2-11
.
.
'
";:;:.
.
§
~
To express a location argument decimal value into a form containing ASCII characters, follow these
steps:
1. Express the decimal value as the sum of three values, one from each column, in the table. Locate
the value in the table that is closest to, but not greater than, the decimal value you want to
translate. Then subtract the closest value from the original value. Now take that difference and
find the closest value, but not greater, to it in the table. Continue until you have expressed the
original decimal value as the sum of three values from the table.
2. Locate each of the values found in the table and determine what ASCII character represents that
value. Once you have determined the appropriate ASCII character for each column, string them
together as shown in Table 2-6.
Recovering a Decimal Value From Location Arguments
. For location arguments, the terminal sends 15-bits to the host. This 15-bit quantity is interpreted
by concatenating the five least significant bits from each of the three bytes that comprise the
argument. Figure 2-1 shows how the argument bytes ( B-bit ASCII characters) are evaluated.
location arguments are always in the format
C___s:.~_~\.____..
AAAAAAM
BBBBBBBB
CCCCCCCC
take the 5 LSBs from three ASCII
characters to form a 15-bit value
AAMABBBBBCCCCC =NNN
Figure 2-2 Combining LSBs to Create Decimal Values for Location Arguments
As is the case with command arguments, location arguments are also translated into a form
containing only ASCII characters. Location arguments use the ASCII characters from "@" to "_" to
express the I5-bit decimal value that results from concatenating the five LSBs of three bytes.
Table 2-6 shows the translation values for location arguments.
2-12
014-002111
Character Sets
All terminals are equipped with a 512-character Character Generator (CGEN), which is located
within terminal ROM. All hard (ROM-resident) character sets are composed of characters contained
within the CGEN. In addition to the predefmed hard character sets, the 0463 supports up to 37 soft
character sets (each containing up to 94 characters), which reside in volatile RAM, that are composed
of custom characters. Soft character sets store characters within the Dynamically Reconfigurable
Character Buffer (DRCB), which contains up to 3504 soft characters.
Hard Character Sets
Hard character sets are composed of characters located within the CGEN. Two character sets may be
selected for use at one time. They are designated as GO (primary) and G1 (secondary). Table 2-7
shows all of the 7-bit and 8-bit character sets available in Data General native-mode.
Table 2-7 Character Sets Available In Data General Native-Mode
Keyboard language
VT Multinational (supplemental set)
U.S. ASCII
VT Special Graphics (line drawing)
NRC United Kingdom
Low PC Term (0 hex - 7F hex)
NRC French
High PC Term (80 hex - FF hex)
NRC German
ISO 8859/1.2 characters
NRC Swedish/Finnish
DRCB Character Set 1
NRC Spanish
NRC o ani shINorwegian
NRC Swiss
NRC Kata Kana (GO)
-
•
•
D463
•
DRCB Character Set 38
-
Data General International
Kata Kana (G 1)
Word Processing, Greek, Math
Line drawing
Data General Special Graphics (PC
characters)
014-{)02111
2-13
GL is used for 7-bit characters (20 hex through 7E hex). The GL character set is generally used with
7-bit sets such as U.S. ASCII or an appropriate National Replacement Character (NRC) set. The
NRC sets are language-specific character sets that remap the least used characters from the ASCII
set with those characters frequently used within each language. GL can point to GO or Gl.
The GR set is used for 8-bit character codes, which are characters AO hex through FF hex. GR
generally contains special graphics sets such as Data General International. GR is hard-wired to
G1.
Powerup Character Sets
During powerup or reset, the terminal initializes the character sets with the default primary (GO)
and secondary (Gl) character sets. If the terminal is operating in 7-bit mode, the GO set is the NRC
set and the G 1 set is the word processing set. If the terminal is operating in 8-bit mode, the GO set is
the U.S. ASCII set and the G 1 set is the Data General International Set.
Designating Character Sets
Any two of the character sets listed in Table 2-7 may be designated as GO and G1. The two sets
chosen are then designated as either GL or GR. GR is always G1. GL can be either GO or Gl. When
operating in 7-bit mode, you must send a Shift Out command to the terminal in order to switch GL
from GO to G1. All subsequent characters in GL are selected from G1. In order to return to GO, you
must send a Shift In command to the terminal.
When operating in 8-bit mode, G1 is accessed directly by characters in the range AO hex through FF
hex. The Shift. In and Shift Out commands select which character set is to be designated GL (used
for characters in the range 20 hex through 7E). Figure 2-3 illustrates which sets can be designated
GLorGR.
Sets currently in use
Active
character. sets
GL
GR
7-bit characters
(20 to 7E hex)
GO
'-----.,..----1
8-bit characters
(AO to FF hex)
G1
Figure 2-3 Designating Character Sets as GL and GR (Data General Native-Mode)
2-14
014-002111
Soft Character Sets (0463 only)
CAUTION: Soft character bit patterns in UNIX mode have adiffemet format. Refer to the Unix
Support section for a description of how UNIX mode uses bit patterns.
Soft character sets, which contain custom characters, must be defined by the user before they can be
used. Creating custom characters and generating character graphics are both functions of the
Dynamically Reconfigurable Character Buffer (DRCB). This buffer, which contains up to 3504
characters, is the industry-standard term for the Down Line Loadable buffer (DLL) used in Data
General terminals, such as the D450 and D460.
The D463 terminal has up to 37 soft character sets, each of 94 characters. The characters are in the
range from 21 hex through 7E hex.
Custom character definitions are valid until the terminal is turned off or reset, or until the
characters are redefined or deallocated. Save your custom character definitions on your host system
so they can be easily transferred to the terminal, as needed.
The first step in defining one or more custom characters is to select a DRCB set number using the
Select Character Set command. The DRCB set number identifies the character set to contain the
custom characters. DRCB sets defined in this way can be designated as the GO or G1 set, or as both.
The D463 uses DRCB set numbers from 20 hex through. 45 hex. Although this range of values is 38
decimal character sets, there is only enough RAM for 37 sets to be in use at one time.
Once you have selected the character set number, you must define the dot patterns for the characters
with the Derme Character command. Each character defined fits within a character cell that
measures 10 by 12. The cell has 12 scan rows, each of which has 10 dots (columns) per row. Each
character cell is a matrix of 120 dots, arranged in 12 horizontal rows by 10 vertical columns (under
normal, noncompressed, spacing only). The Define Character command encodes the dot pattern of
only one character cell. You must repeat the command for each character defined.
014-{)02111
2-15
Defining Soft Characters
. CAUTION: Soft character bit patterns in Unix mode have a different format. Refer to the "Unix
Support" section later in this chapter for details on how Unix mode uses bit patterns.
Soft characters are defined by the Define Character command. This command contains up to twelve
pairs, each representing the bit pattern of a character cell row. Each pair, which is a
10-bit quantity, is formed by concatenating the five least significant bits from each of two ASCII
bytes. If you are defining a compressed character (character cell size of 6 by 12), only the six most
significant bits of the 10-bit quantity are used. Figure 2-4 shows how the pair is created.
First ASCII
character
76543210
"
76543210
Second ASCII
character
9 8 7 6 5 432 1 0
pair (10 bit) formed by concatenating
the five LSBs of two ASCII characters
Figure 2-4 Defining a Soft Character Cell Row
Each pair specifies the bit pattern of each character cell row. In each row, the "1's" in the
pair turns screen pixels on and the "O's" turn screen pixels off. For example, the 1O-bit
value «dd> pair) 0100000001 turns on the second and last pixel in a character cell row.
Figure 2-5 shows how the twelve pairs defme a DRCB character, where each "d" value is a
5-bit binary quantity.
pair (10 bit) formed by concatenating
the five LSBs of two ASCII characters
9 876 5 4 3 2 1 0
Row 0
Row 1
Row 2
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Row 11
Figure 2-5 Combining Pairs to Specify a Soft Character
The pairs are sent to the host in a stream in the order: "dO, d1, ... , d23." Remember, before
a DRCB character may be defined, a DRCB character set must be selected as the current (active)
character set.
2-16
014-002111
Graphics
The DRCB provides the D463 user with character-graphics commands. In this case, the firmware
defines DRCB characters to form the graphic image specified by a given graphics command. The
D463 terminal creates graphics displays by combining line segments, arcs, filled polygons, and bars
(filled in rectangles) into a composite screen image. The screen image is formed using DRCB
characters defined by drawing algorithms within the terminal.When graphics images are no longer
needed on the screen, the DRCB characters used to create them are automatically released and made
available for custom characters (described in the previous section).
Character graphics commands supported by the D463 are listed below:
• Deallocate Character Sets - Lets the user free allocated DRCB character sets that were reserved
by the Define Character command.
• Bar - Draws solid rectangles of any size, provided they fit entirely within the current window.
• Line - Draws lines from point to point within the current window.
• Arc - Draws arc with a specified radius, start angle, and end angle.
• Polygon Fill- Draws a filled polygon within the current window.
• Set Pattern - Defines the line style used in generating lines.
• Read Characters Remaining - Queries the terminal for a count of the DRCB characters
remaining (but reports a maximum of only 1023 characters, even though more may remain).
The Graphics Coordinate System
The Line, Bar, Arc, and Polygon Fill commands are based upon an (x,y) coordinate system, where
each point within the graphics coordinate system can be uniquely described by the combination of a
horizontal component (the x ordinate) and a vertical component (the y ordinate).
The x-axis is defined by the bottom of the current window. The y-axis is defined by the left margin
of the current window. The drawing origin (where x=O and y=O) is, therefore, defined by the
intersection of the left margin and the bottom of the last row in the current window.
Along the x-axis there are 10 x-ordinate units for each of the 81 columns, for a total of 810 units (or
2070 units for 207 columns). Along the y-axis, there are 24 y-ordinate units for each of the 24 rows,
for a total of 576 units. Ifhowever, you define the status line as the 25th screen row, then there are a
total of 600 units. These dimensions are derived from the 10 by 12 dot matrix in each character cell;
one unit in the x-direction for each dot column (10), and two units in the y-direction for each scan
row (12).
Figure 2-6 shows the margins and boundary values for the graphics coordinate system at power up
or after reset. The margins and boundaries of the current window limit the available drawing area
for character graphics commands.
014-002111
2-17
(799,575)
Yaxis
(24 rows)
(0,0)
drawing
origin
X axis (80 columns)
(799,0)
Figure 2-6 The Graphics Coordinate System at Power Up or Reset
The largest possible drawing area consists of the entire display-screen memory, with 24 rows and
207 columns. In this case, the x-ordinate can range from 0 to 2,069; the y-ordinate can range from 0
to 575. The smallest possible drawing area is one character cell (one row by one column). In this case,
the x-ordinate can range from 0 to 9 and the y-ordinate can range from 0 to 23.
NOTE:· If the arguments to the Line or Bar commands specify a location or dimension that extends
out of the current drawing area, the command immediately aborts.
Graphics Cursor
The graphics cursor, which is available only on the D463, is used to indicate specific points
(coordinates) on the screen by controlling the specified input device. This lets the user identify screen
locations easily. The graphics cursor commands are similar to the G300 graphics cursor commands.
The D463 does not support a blinking cursor (unlike the G300) and only supports a long crosshair
cursor-type. Also, the format of data returned in response to a cursor command is different from the
G300.
NOTE: The graphics cursor disappears during both vertical and horizontal scrolling. After the
scrolling operation is complete, the cursor will reappear in the same location.
The Read Graphics Cursor command gives you the coordinates of the graphics cursor. Graphics
Cursor On and Graphics Cursor Off cause the cursor to appear and disappear from the screen
respectively. The Cursor Location command lets you move the graphics cursor to any position on the
screen. Cursor Track lets you select what input device will control the graphics cursor. The Cursor
Reset command sets the graphics cursor attributes to "off" and "no" tracking.
2-18
014-002111
Windows·
The D4131D463 tenninals provide for up to 24 (25 if 25th Line Mode is set) scroll areas, called
windows. Windows may have from 1 to a maximum of25 screen rows. No overlap is permitted. A
window does not provide extended or oft'-screen memory in the vertical direction. That is, as text in a
window is vertically scrolled up or down, lines at the top or bottom of the window are lost. A window
row, however, can contain more than the usual 81 visible columns; a window can be horizontally
scrolled over 207 columns. The additional columns are stored within terminal memory.
A new feature of these terminals is an addressable status line. The 25th line of the screen can be
blanked, used as an extra screen row, or reserved for the status line. The Set 25th Line Mode
command controls the functions of the 25th line on the screen.
Each window is essentially a miniature DASHER D2ID200 screen. D2 commands work within and
relative to the current window. This terminal, however, can display up to 81 columns on a screen
row.
NOTE: To provide DASHER D2ID200 display compatibility, this terminal initializes the screen to
consist of one window with 24 rows of 80 columns. Since all D2ID200 commands work
relative to the current window, full compatibility is retained.
Lead-In Codes
Command sequences in Data General native-mode are composed of one or more ASCII characters.
Commands composed of at least two characters always begin with 036 octal (IE hex), which is the
2-character command lead-in code. The remaining characters in the command are always printable
ASCII characters from 041 octal (21 hex) through 176 octal (7E hex).
Invalid command sequences are ignored. For example, function-key sequences (all of which also
begin with 036 octal) are not valid command sequences and are ignored if they are received by the
terminal.
014-002111
2-19
UNIX Support
All terminals have a UNIX. mode which remaps troublesome Data General native-mode commands
and keyboard codes to allow easier creation of UNIX. terminfo files. This mode is entered and exited
via the UNIX. Mode command or the Configuration Menu. For information on using the
Configuration Menu, refer to the manual Installing and Operating D216E+, D217, D413, and D463
Display Terminals.
Remapped keys that transmit inbound (terminal to host) codes are shown in Table 2-8.
Table 2·8 Remapped Key Codes for UNIX Support
Key
DG Native-mode (octal)
UNIX Mode (octal)
UNIX Mode (ASCII)
Erase Page
<014>
<036><120><110>
<036>PH
Cmd-Print
<036><021>
<036><120><060>
<036>PO
Shift Cmd-Print
<036><001>
<036><120><061>
<036>P1
EraseEOL
<013>
<036><120><105>
<036>PE
Uparrow
<027>
<036><120><101>
<036>PA
Rightarrow
<030>
<036><120><103>
<036>PC
Leftarrow
<031>
<036><120><104>
<036>PD
Downarrow
<032>
<036><120><102>
<036>PB
Home
<010>
<036><120><106>
<036>PF
Another change to support UNIX systems involves altered outbound (host to terminal) as well as
inbound codes. In UNIX Mode, all Data General native-mode commands accept ASCII coded hex
parameters ("0" through "9", "A" through "F', and "a" through "f'), instead of the Data General
standard ASCII coded binary parameters and commands that return date will send hex data in
upper case. These parameters are encoded as shown in Table 2-9.
2-20
014-002111
Table 2-9 Altered Outbound Codes for UNIX Support
Data General
Native-Mode
Unix
Mode1
Bits
4
5
8
10
12
15
16
1
Range
othrough 15
othrough 31
o through 255
othrough 1023
othrough 4095
o through 32767
o through 65535
H indicates a hex digit.
Certain Data General native-mode commands have different structures and codes in UNIX Mode.
These changes, shown in Table 2-10, make the remapped keys (see Table 2-8) work in local mode and
make some of the terminal descriptions easier.
Table 2-10 Altered Data General Native-Mode Commands for UNIX Support
UNIX Mode (ASCII)
Command
Native-Mode (octal)
UNIX Mode (octal)
Print Window
<021>
<036><106><077><071>
<036>F?9
Cursor Up
<027>
<036><120><101>
<036>PA
Cursor Down
<032>
<036><120><102>
<036>PB
Cursor Right
<030>
<036><120><103>
<036>PC
Cursor Left
<031>
<036><120><104>
<036>PD
Erase Field
<013>
<036><120><105>
<036>PE
Window Home
<010>
<036><120><106>
<036>PF
Roll Disable
<023>
<036><120><107>
<036>PG
Erase Window
<014>
<036><120><110>
<036>PH
Blink On
<016>
<036><120><111>
<036>PI
Blink Off
<017>
<036><120><112>
<036>PJ
014-002111
2-21
Also, in UNIX Mode the control characters shown in Table 2-11 have altered meanings.
Table 2-11 Control Codes Altered for UNIX Support
Control Code (octal)
Command or Function
<005>
Ignored (Read Cursor Address uses binary codes)
<010>
Backspace (does not wrap on left margin)
<011>
Tab (fixed eight-eolumn tab settings)
<012>
Line Feed (go to next line in same column)
<013>
Ignored
<014>
Ignored
<016>
Shift Out (still available with <036>N)
<017>
Shift In (still available with <036>0)
<021>
XON - restarts terminal transmission
<023>
XOFF - stops terminal transmission
(with limited transmit only)
<027>
Ignored
<030>
Ignored
<031>
Ignored
<032>
Ignored
Host-Programmable Function Keys
Data General native-mode supports host-programmable function keys with the Programmable
Function Keys command and through the Configuration Menu (only on 041310463). For information
on using the Configuration Menu, refer to the manual Installing and Operating D216E+, D217,
D413, and D463 Display Terminals.
The Programmable Function Keys command allows one or more of the 60 predefined function key
codes to be reprogrammed with user~efined sequences. Programmed function keys share 255 bytes
of volatile (RAM) memory space. This memory can be allocated entirely to one key if desired. Keys
that do not have a user definition send the default Data General sequences.
2-22
014-002111
Debugging Support
To aid in debugging operations, all terminals have a command called Data Trap Mode. This
command lets the user view data from the host as a hex data-stream, similar to the AOSNS
X DISPLAY command. This command can be entered either on-line or off-line. Data Trap Mode has
two operating states. One of them displays hex values and the other displays octal values.
Full data on the use of this command is in the section "Debugging Commands," later in this chapter.
Dual Emulation Support
The D413ID463 terminals can freely switch between two emulations. The manual Installing and
Operating the D216E+ / D413 / D463 Display Terminals (014-001767) contains full information on
this feature. Two commands that support dual emulations in Data General native-mode are Set
Split Screen Mode and Hot Key Switch. The Set Split Screen Mode command lets you display
portions of both emulations on the screen at one time. The Hot Key Switch command lets the user
change from one emulation to the other.
End of Section
014-002111
2·23
2-24
014-002111
Data General Native-Mode
Commands
This section describes the format and usage of Data General native-mode commands. This section
does not explain conventions and practices of Data General native-mode operations, which are
covered in the section "Data General Native-Mode Summary of Operations."
The commands within this section are organized into the functional areas listed below:
Character Set Commands
Character Attribute Commands
Relative Cursor-Positioning Commands
Margins Commands
Screen Management Commands
Scrolling Commands
Editing Commands
Programmable Function Key Commands
Reporting Commands
Dual-Emulation Support Commands
Miscellaneous Commands
Drawing Commands
Graphics Cursor Commands
Printer Commands
Diagnostic Commands
Debugging Commands
Information regarding functions and operations of the terminal that apply to all modes or emulations
is covered in Chapter 1. Additional information on keyboard layouts and various Data General
native-mode reference material is covered in appendices.
014-002111
2-25
Format of Command Listings in this Section
Command name ~
Applicable terminals
Scroll Left
Command format
(do not include
spaces.?
0413/0463
~ IE 46 43
<036> <106> <103>
<036> F C
(octal)
(hex)
(ASCII)
where
Description of
command arguments,
if any
~
is an pair that sets the number of columns to move text left, as an incremental
value from the current offset (for !!lore information on pairs, see "Forming Command
Arguments").
Scrolls text in the current window to the left for the number of columns specified. The cursor remains in the same position. If the scroll would exceed physical page boundaries, the window will
Usage, results,
and
constraints of
command
bump the right page limit. Because every D4131D463 page is 207 columns wide, the maximum
column offset is 126 (207-81).
The Scroll Left command is used explicitly to force text to move horizontally within the window.
Normal cursor movement beyond the visible portion of the screen can also cause horizontal
scrolling.
Command Syntax and Code Conventions
Throughout this manual, there are certain conventions used whenever Data General native-mode
commands are explained or referenced. These conventions are:
Any value enclosed within angle brackets ( < > ) is in octal, except command or location
arguments.
Values in the form of , , and are command arguments. These values are expressed in DG-hex (except in UNIX mode). For more information on command arguments (and
DG-hex), see "Forming Command Arguments."
Values in the form of are location arguments. These values are always expressed with
ASCII characters from "@"through "_" (except in UNIX mode). For more information on location arguments, see "Forming Location Arguments."
Spaces are often included within a command to separate characters for clarity. When entering a
command, do not enter these spaces. If a space is part of a command, it will be written as
.
2-26
01~2111
Character Set Commands
Not all ofthese character sets and commands are available on all terminals. Refer to the section
"Character Sets" to get more details on character sets and their usage.
all terminals
Select Character Set
<036> <106> <123>
1E 46 53
<036> F S
(octal)
(hex)
(ASCII)
where
sets the character set that is being selected. The list below shows an possible character
sets, which are in hex. See the "Forming Command Arguments" section for more information on
pairs.
00
~yboardlanguage
01 U.S. ASCII (NRC North American)
02 NRC United Kingdom
03 NRC French
04 NRC German
05 NRC SwedishlFinnish
06 NRC Spanish
07 NRC DanishINorwegian
08 NRC Swiss
09 NRC Kata Kana (GO)
OE DG International character set
OF Kata Kana (Gl)
11 Line drawing
13 DG Special Graphics (PC characters)
14 VT Multinational
15 VT Special Graphics (line drawing)
ID Low PC Term (0-127)
IE High PC Term (128-255)
IF ISO 8859/1.2 characters
20 DLL Character Set 1
21 DLL Character Set 2
22 DLL Character Set 3
23 DLL Character Set 4
through
45 DLL Character Set 38
10 Word Processing, Greek, Math
This command selects the display character set for either the primary or secondary translation
set (GO or Gl). Each character set consists of 94 characters in the range of 041 octal through 176
octal (or 241 octal through 376 octal for the secondary character set in 8 hit mode).
014-002111
2-27
To select a character set as the primary translation set (GO), the terminal must be in the
shift.-out state. Conversely, to select a character set as the secondary translation set (G1), the
terminal must be in the shift-in state.
Shift Out
<036> <116>
1E 4E
<036> N
all terminals
(octal)
(hex)
(ASCII)
Changes to the terminal's alternate character set. This command allows access to the secondary
character set with characters in the range of 041 octal through 176 octal.
Shift In
<036> <117>
1E 4F
<036> 0
all terminals
(octal)
(hex)
(ASCII)
Changes to the terminal's main character set. This command allows access to the primary
character set with characters in the range of 041 octal through 176 octal.
Deallocate Character Sets
<036> <106> <161>
1E 46 71
<036> F q
0463
(octal)
(hex)
(ASCII)
where
the first pair sets the starting point of the range (from 00 hex to 25 hex) of character
sets to deallocate.
the second pair sets the ending point of the range (from 00 hex to 25 hex) of character
sets to deallocate.
See the "Forming Command Arguments" section for more information on pairs.
Lets the host return any or all of the defined character sets to the pool of free characters. This
command scans a range of character set numbers and removes any of the included character sets
from memory. The parameters are the character set hex codes (20 hex to 45 hex) minus
20 hex because you can deallocate only Dynamically Reconfigurable Character Buffer (DRCB)
sets. For example, <036>FqOOO? deallocates any used sets from 20 hex through 2F hex.
2-28
014-002111
Define Character
<036> <106> <122> ..
1E 46 52 ..
<036> F R ..
D463
(octal)
(hex)
(ASCII)
where
is the character to define. It is in the range from 041 octal to 176 octal.
(twelve pairs) are the bit values of the rows of the character cell. Each bit represents
one dot in the row of the cell. Each bit that is set represents a lighted dot on the screen.
Allows you to defme your own characters. The definition consists of a character to redefine and
twelve pairs. Before a Dynamically Reconfigurable Character Buffer (DRCB) or soft
character can be defined, a DRCB character set must be selected as the current (active) character
set. The "Character Sets" section of this chapter has details of the process for defining soft
characters.
Reserve Character
<036> <106> <145>
1E 46 65
<036> F e
D463
(octal)
(hex)
(ASCII)
where
the first denotes the starting Dynamically Reconfigurable Character Buffer (DRCB ) set
(decimal value from 0 to 15). 0 decimal maps to DRCB set 20 hex and 15 decimal maps to
DRCB set 2F hex.
the second denotes the number of contiguous sets (decimal values from 1 to 15).
For more information on values, see the "Forming Command Arguments" section of this
chapter.
Deallocates DRCB character sets that were reserved by the Define Character command. The
Reserve Character command can be issued prior to executing any of the drawing commands. It
is no longer necessary to allocate characters for drawing.
014-002111
2-29
0463
Read Characters Remaining
<036> <106> <144>
IE 46 64
<036> F d
(octal)
(hex)
(ASCII)
In response to this command, the terminal sends back the following five character sequence:
<036> <157> <071>
IE 6F 39
<036> a 9
(octal)
(hex)
(ASCII)
where
is the upper 5 bits of a 10-bit count
is the lower 5 bits of 10-bit count
Both of these parameters, when strung together, are similar to the pair used in the
Define Character command. See the "Defining Soft Characters" section for more information
on pairs.
NOTE: The count is returned to the user in the form of a base 32 numbering system where the
ASCII characters "@", "N' through "0" and "_" represent the 32 digits. Ifmore than 1023
characters remain, the terminal will respond with 1023.
Returns a count of the remaining characters (from the terminal to the host) that can be used to
create a drawing or to allocate to character sets (the free list). If the user runs out of allocated
characters, the terminal will cease processing the drawing commands.
2-30
014-002111
Character Attribute Commands
0413/0463
Change Attributes
<036> <106> <116>
lE 46 4E
<036> F N
(octal)
(hex)
(ASCII)
where
the first group is the number of characters to change, starting at the cursor position.
If you try to change characters past the end of the window, the command executes to the end
of the window and then terminate.
the first value is the attributes-to-set parameter. There are four attributes, each
represented by a single bit:
bit
bit
bit
bit
3
2
1
o
Dim
Reverse video
Underscore
Blink
the last is the attributes-to-reset parameter. If the same attribute is set in both the set
and the reset, the attribute will be toggled. If the same bit in both the set parameter and the
reset parameter is 0, the attribute will be left unchanged.
For more information on and values, see the "Forming Command Arguments"
section of this chapter.
Sets, resets, or toggles visual attributes (dim, reverse video, underscore, and blink) of characters
between the margins. It starts with the character at the cursor position and continues until the
character count supplied is exhausted, wrapping to the next line ifit encounters the right
margin. However, this command executes within only the current window.
NOTE: The display attributes of protected text may be altered by this command since protection
is not associated with a display attribute.
014-002111
2-31
DimOn
all terminals
1C
(octal)
(hex)
Ctrl-\
(ASCII)
<034>
Turns on the dim attribute for each subsequent character received by the terminal.
all terminals
Dim Off
1D
(octal)
(hex)
Ctrl-]
(ASCII)
<035>
Turns off the dim attribute for each subsequent character received by the terminal.
all terminals
Blink On
<016>
OE
(octal)
(hex)
Ctrl-N
(ASCII)
Turns on the blink attribute for each subsequent character received by the terminal. See the
Blink Enable command.
all terminals
Blink Off
<017>
OF
(octal)
(hex)
Ctrl-Q
(ASCII)
Turns off the blink attribute for each subsequent character received by the terminal.
all terminals
Blink Enable
<003>
03
(octal)
(hex)
Ctrl-C
(ASCII)
Allows blinking of characters which have the blink attribute turned on.
2-32
014-002111
Blink Disable
all terminals
(octal)
<004>
04
(hex)
Ctrl-D
(ASCII)
Disables character blinking regardless of the state of the blink attributes assigned to displayed
characters.
Underscore On
all terminals
(octal)
<024>
14
(hex)
Ctrl-T
(ASCII)
Turns on the underscore attribute for each subsequent character received by the terminal.
Underscore Off
all terminals
<025>
(octal)
15
Ctrl-U
(hex)
(ASCII)
Turns off the underscore attribute for each subsequent character received by the terminal.
Reverse Video On
<036> <104> or
1E 44
or
<036> D
or
all terminals
<026>
(octal)
16
Ctrl-V
(hex)
(ASCII)
Turns on the reverse video attribute for each subsequent character received by the terminal.
Reverse Video Off
<036> <105> or
1E 45
<036> E
or
or
all terminals
<002>
02
Ctrl-B
(octal)
(hex)
(ASCII)
Turns off the reverse video attribute for each subsequent character received by the terminal.
)
014-002111
2-33
0413/0463
Protect On
<036> <106> <114>
1E 46 4C
<036> F L
(octal)
(hex)
(ASCII)
Sets the protect attribute for all subsequent characters that are received by the terminal. If
protect mode is disabled, the characters will have the attribute set, but will not be protected until
protect is enabled.
0413/0463
Protect Off
<036> <106> <115>
1E 46 4D
<036> F M
(octal)
(hex)
(ASCII)
Resets the protect attribute for each subsequent character that is received by the terminal.
0413/0463
Protect Enable
<036> <106> <126>
1E 46 56
<036> F v
(octal)
(hex)
(ASCII)
Enables all protected text so that the protected text cannot be changed with normal
cursor-related commands. Protected text can be deleted only with an Erase Screen or Erase
Window command.
0413/0463
Protect Oisable
<036> <106> <127>
1E 46 57
<036> F W
(octal)
(hex)
(ASCII)
Allows the modification of protected text that is on the screen. Once the protect attribute is
disabled, any command can modify the text.
2-34
014-002111
0413/0463
Oouble High/Oouble Wide
<036> <122> <105>
1E 52 45
<036> R E
(octal)
(hex)
(ASCII)
Where the value is one of the following row attributes parameters:
o
1
2
3
4
5
NonnalRow
Double Wide
Double High Top
Double High Bottom
Double High ToplDouble Wide
Double High BottomIDouble Wide
Selects double high and double wide screen row attributes. Double High Top selects one
character row as the top half of the line. Double High Bottom is used to select the next lower
character row as the bottom half of the line. Both rows should contain the same characters to
fonn a complete display.
0413/0463
Field Attributes
<036> <122> <103>
IE 52 43
<036> R C
(octal)
(hex)
(ASCII)
Where:
The value is a pair that represents the field attribute to set and the value is a
pair that represents the field attribute to reset. There are four attributes, each
represented by a single bit:
bit
bit
bit
bit
bit
4
3
2
1
0
Blank (invisible)
Dim
Reverse video
Underscore
Blink
For more information on pairs, see the "Forming Command Arguments" section of this
chapter.
NOTE: lfthe same bit is set in both and , then that bit will toggle. lfthe same bit in
and is set to 0 that bit will not change.
Replaces the character at the cursor location with a field attribute marker. To remove a marker,
position the cursor on the marker and type any character. The Field Attribute setting changes
014-Q02111
2-35
when the next Field Attribute, End of Line, or Page is encountered in the display screen. The
character, field, and page attribute settings determine the displayed attribute by exclusive OR as
shown in the example below.
Character
BURD
0101
0111
Field
BURD
Page
BURD
Display
BURD
1111
1000
0000
1111
1010
0000
D413/D463
Page Attributes
<036> <122> <104> <5>
1E 52 44 <5>
<036> R D <5>
(octal)
(hex)
(ASCII)
Where:
The value is a pair that sets page attributes and the value is an pair that
resets page attributes. There are four attributes, each represented by a single bit:
bit
bit
bit
bit
3
2
1
o
Dim
Reverse video
Underscore
Blink
For more information on pairs, see the "Forming Command Arguments" section of this
chapter.
The Field Attribute Extend bit determines whether the Field Attributes effect terminates at the
end of the row or wraps until the next Field Attributes or end of the screen is encountered. Since
the Field Attribute Extend and Blank bits are shared in dual emulations, changing these bits
may affect the other emulation in split screen mode.
NOTE: If the same bit is set in both and , then that bit will toggle. If the same bit in
and is set to 0, then that bit will not change.
2-36
014-002111
Relative Cursor-Positioning Commands
Cursor Right
<030>
18
Ctrl-X
all terminals
(octal)
(hex)
(ASCII)
Moves the cursor one column to the right. If the cursor is at the right margin, the screen
executes a New Line. If the command causes the cursor to move onto a protected character and
protect mode is enabled, the command is repeated until the first unprotected character is
encountered. If all character positions in the window are protected, the entire window is scanned
for an unprotected character, beginning at the current cursor position. Upon reaching the
character at which the Cursor Right was initiated, the screen executes a Cursor Right as if no
characters were protected. However, no data is altered.
Cursor Left
<031>
19
Ctrl-Y
all terminals
(octal)
(hex)
(ASCII)
Moves the cursor one column position to the left. If the cursor is at the left margin of a line, it
moves to the right margin and the screen executes a Cursor Up. If the command causes the
cursor to move onto a protected character and protect mode is enabled, the command is repeated
until the first unprotected character is encountered. If all character positions in the window are
protected, the entire window is scanned for an unprotected character, beginning at the current
cursor position. Upon reaching the character at which the Cursor Left was initiated, the screen
executes a Cursor Left as if no characters were protected. However, no data is altered.
Cursor Up
<027>
17
Ctrl-W
all terminals
(octal)
(hex)
(ASCII)
Moves the cursor up one line while remaining in the same column. If the cursor is on the top row
of a window, it moves to the bottom row of the window. If the cursor moves onto a protected
character and protect mode is enabled, the screen executes a Cursor Left.
014-002111
2-37
;.:."
.. »,
'.
,
lA
Ctrl-Z
.
~
~
'"
"
all terminals
Cursor Down
<032>
,
"
,:JX-,
.."
(octal)
(hex)
(ASCII)
Moves the cursor down one line while remaining in the same column position. If the cursor is on
the bottom row of the window, it moves to the top row of the same window. If the cursor moves
onto a protected character and protect mode is enabled, the screen executes a Cursor Right.
all terminals
New Line
<012>
OA
Ctrl-J
(octal)
(hex)
(ASCII)
Moves the cursor to the left margin of the next row. If the cursor is on the last row of a window
and Roll Mode is enabled, a Scroll Up is performed. If the cursor is on the last row of a window
and Roll Mode is not enabled, a Home command is performed. If the command causes the cursor
to move onto a protected character and protect mode is enabled, the screen executes a Cursor
Right.
all terminals
Carriage Return
<015>
OD
Ctrl-M
(octal)
(hex)
(ASCII)
Moves the cursor to the left margin of the same line. If the characters at the left margin are
protected and protect mode is enabled, the screen executes a Cursor Right.
'2-38
014-002111
Margins Commands
Set Margins
<036> <106> <130>
1E 46 58
<036> F X
D413/D463
(octal)
(hex)
(ASCII)
where
the first pair is the desired left margin. The left margin must be less than or equal to
the right margin and in the range 0 to 206 decimal or the command is ignored.
the second pair is the desired right margin. The right margin must be greater than or
equal to the left margin and less than or equal to 206 decimal. If out of this range, the
command is ignored.
For more information on pairs, see the "Forming Command Arguments" section of this
chapter.
Resets the margins to the new values specified. The cursor is moved to the left margin.
Set Alternate Margins
<036> <106> <131>
lE 46 59
<036> F Y
D413/D463
(octal)
(hex)
(ASCII)
where
the first pair is the row to place the cursor on, and must be in the range of decimal
values from 0 to 24 decimal (for 25 line screens), or 255 decimal which means no row
movement. If the row is out of range, the last row of the window is used.
the second pair is the column of the new left margin. This margin is relative to the
previously set left margin. If the column is the decimal value 255, then the last value for the
left margin is used. If the new left margin is out of range, the command is aborted.
the third pair is the column of the right margin, which must adhere to the rules
defined by the Set Margins command. If the new right margin is greater than the previously
set right margin, the previously set right marginis used.
For more information on pairs, see the "Forming Command Arguments" section of this
chapter.
014-002111
2-39
Temporarily reassigns the margins to new margins while saving the previously set margins. The
terminal then positions the cursor to the relative row and the relative left margin. If the row
specified equals 255, the current window row is used (current row position of the cursor). Normal
margins are saved and new margins are set to the left and right values specified.
NOTE: If Set Alternate Margins has already been issued, the previous alternate margins are not
saved - only the original margins are saved. The previous alternate margins are lost in
this case.
The alternate left and right margins are relative to the left margin set by the Set Margins
command. Automatic horizontal scrolling of the view-port is disabled until the next Restore
Normal Margins .or Horizontal Scroll On command is encountered.
Restore Normal Margins
<036> <106> <132>
1E 46 SA
<036> F Z
0413/0463
(octal)
(hex)
(ASCII)
Restores the margins saved when the Set Alternate Margins command was executed. If
horizontal scrolling is off as a result of a Set Alternate Margins command, it will be turned back
on.
2-40
014-002111
Screen Management Commands
Write Window Address
all terminals
(octal)
(hex)
<020>
10
Ctrl-P
(ASCII)
where
sets the new column position of the cursor, relative to the left margin. If the parameter
is equal to 177 octal, then the current value for the column is used.
sets the new row position of the cursor, relative to the top of the window. If the
parameter is equal to 177 octal, then the current value for row is used.
Both values are entered in octal (raw, unencoded binary). Also, if the destination is in a
protected area, the cursor is positioned to the specified position and the screen executes a
Cursor Right. The cursor will be positioned at the address specified in the command after the
Cursor Right sequence is completed.
Positions the cursor to the requested row and column of the window. Window address
coordinates are relative to the left margin and the top ofthe window. The left margin is position
0, with the maximum value being the right margin minus the left margin. The top row of the
window is row O. The last row of the window is equal to the length of the window minus one. If
you try to move to a position past the last row of a window, the cursor pegs at the end of the
window. If you try to move to a position beyond the right margin, the cursor pegs at the right
margin.
If the command would place the cursor beyond the last column of the displayed area, the
terminal horizontally scrolls to accommodate the cursor unless horizontal scrolling is disabled. If
the value of an argument is 177 octal, the terminal interprets this to mean the current value.
In the following example, begin with an initial screen configuration as shown below.
Column 40
I
Rowo~++++++++&.m[-------------1Mrnmrnmmrrrnm
24-row
height
80-c0lumn display
t------- 207-column total width - - - - - - " " ' "
014-002111
2-41
When using the Write Window Address command, the ordinates are relative to the current left
margin. For example, in the illustration above (initial configuration), the left margin is 40 and
the right margin is 120. The cursor is at Row 0, Column 40. A Write Window Address to Row 3,
Column 30 is issued, and the resulting position of the cursor is Row 3, Column 70, as shown
below.
Column 70
Row 3
24-row
height
1------ 207-column total width
Window Home
<010>
08
Ctrl-H
-------1
all terminals
(octal)
(hex)
(ASCII)
Moves the cursor to the left margin of row 0 ofthe window. The command is automatically
executed each time an Erase Window is issued. If the home position is protected and protect
mode is enabled, the screen executes a Cursor Right.
2-42
014-{)02111
Set Windows
<036> <106> <102> . . .
IE 46 42 . . .
<036> F B . . .
D413/D463
(octal)
(hex)
(ASCII)
where
sets the length of the window and is in the range of decimal values from 0 to 24.
sets the spacing type:
o normal (81 columns) character spacing
1 compressed (135 columns) character spacing.
For more information on pairs and codes, see the "Forming Command Arguments"
section of this chapter.
Lets the user specify the number of windows and number of rows associated with each window
on the D4131D463 screen. It is possible to specify up to 24 windows or screen breaks with this
command (or 25 windows if 25th Line Mode enabled).
Windows are specified by setting the number of rows associated with each window. For example,
the sequence <036>FBO>0080020 designates three windows with lengths of 14, 8, and 2 rows
respectively, each with 81 characters per row. The command can be terminated early by 000,
which allocates the remaining rows to the last window. For example, the sequence 0:0080000
designates three windows with row lengths of 10, 8 and 6; the last window is created by default
to hold the remaining rows of the screen (24 - 10 - 8 =6). If the sum of the rows specified
exceeds 24 (25 if the status line is configured as a screen row), the last window will contain the
remaining portion of the screen. For example, the sequence <036>FBO:00:00:0 specifies three
windows with row lengths of 10, 10 and 4.
When defining or redefining windows, current text on the screen is not lost. It is therefore
possible to split an existing group of rows into multiple windows. Conversely, it is possible to join
the text from two or more adjoining windows into one.
Since the text within windows may be horizontally scrolled independently of each other, the Set
Windows command will align all text on the screen in accordance with the Left Margin. If
horizontal scrolling is off, it is turned back on before the windows are set. For example, suppose
two windows were currently defined on the D4131D463 screen, each with 12 rows. The top
window is aligned in normal fashion (for example, window column 0 is aligned with screen
column 0 and the left margin is zero). Text in the bottom window, however, has been horizontally
scrolled to the left. Issuing a ne~ Set Windows command causes the bottom 12 lines of the screen
to align with the top window before the new screen breaks are enforced. A Screen Home
command is executed as the last function of the Set Windows command.
014-002111
2-43
Set 25th line Mode
<036> <106> <172>
1E 46 7A
<036> F z
all terminals
(octal)
(hex)
(ASCII)
where
<11> sets the mode:
o
1
2
3
25th line displays a status line
displays a message on the status line. To enter the message, simply append an
pair to the command (which specifies the number of characters to display) and string
the specified number of characters together after the pair.
For example: <036>Fzl04Text
25th line is used as an extra screen row. The last window will be lengthened by
one to include this line (the 25th row of the screen).
25th line is blanked.
See the "Forming Command Arguments" section of this chapter for more information on <11>
codes and pairs.
This command sets the usage of the status line.
0413/0463
Push
<036> <106> <150>
1E 46 68
<036> F h
(octal)
(hex)
(ASCII)
Saves only the character attributes, terminal modes, and screen boundaries described below:
Character attributes
Blink (on or oft)
Underscore (on or oft)
Reverse video (on or oft)
Dim (on or oft),
Protection (on or oft).
Terminal modes
Blink mode (enabled or disabled)
Protect mode (enabled or disabled)
Scroll rate (jump, slow, fast)
7/8 bit mode (7 or 8 bit)
Cursor type (none, underscore, blinking underscore, reverse, or blinking reverse)
Roll mode (enabled or disabled).
2-44
014-002111
~~.·~X.
x .~" .'
.~
."
~
.;. ":-:-x
Screen boundaries
Left margin
Right margin
Window definitions including the horizontal offset and current window.
After a Push-Pop sequence, the screen remains stationary unless a Horizontal Scroll Enable or
margin control command follows a Push command.
D413/D463
Pop
1E 46 69
(octal)
(hex)
<036> F i
(ASCII)
<036> <106> <151>
Saves only the character attributes, terminal modes, and screen boundaries described below:
Character attributes
Blink (on or oft)
Underscore (on or oft)
Reverse video (on or oft)
Dim (on or oft)
Protection (on or oft).
Tennlnal modes
Blink mode (enabled or disabled)
Protect mode (enabled or disabled)
Scroll rate Gump, slow, fast)
7/8 bit mode (7 or 8 bit)
Cursor type (none, underscore, blinking underscore, reverse, or blinking reverse)
Roll mode (enabled or disabled).
Screen boundaries
Left margin
Right margin
Window definitions including the horizontal offset and current window.
After a Push-Pop sequence, the screen remains stationary unless a Horizontal Scroll Enable or
margin control command follows a Push command. After a Pop command, the terminal executes
a Window Home command.
01~02111
2-45
Write Screen Address
all terminals
<036> <106> <120>
1E 46 50
<036> F P
(octal)
(hex)
(ASCII)
where
the first pair sets the absolute screen column within which to place the cursor. It must
be in the range 0 to 206, or 255 decimal. If 255 is used, the terminal interprets the parameter
to mean the current cursor column.
the second pair sets the absolute row within which to place the cursor. It must be in
the range 0 to 23 decimal (0 to 24 if 25th Line Mode is set), or 255 decimal. If the 255 is used,
the terminal interprets the parameter to mean the current cursor row.
Also, if either argument is out of range, the cursor pegs at the boundary encountered (at the
margin if the column argument is outside the current margin and at the screen boundary if
the row argument is out of range).
For more information on pairs, see the "Forming Command Arguments" section of
this chapter.
The write screen address command positions the cursor anywhere on .the screen relative to the
(0,0) position, not screen home (left margin,O). If the positioning of the cursor moves the cursor
oft'the screen, the screen scrolls horizontally (unless horizontal scrolling is turned oft). If the
command causes the cursor to move onto a protected character and protect mode is enabled, the
screen executes a Cursor Right. The cursor will be positioned at the address specified after the
Cursor Right is completed. This may require a long time if the entire screen is filled with
protected characters. When using Write Screen Address, the vertical range is 0 to 23 decimal (24
if 25th Line Mode is set) and the horizontal range is 0 to 206 decimal. If the range of the
arguments takes the cursor outside the margins, the cursor pegs at the margin.
In the following example, begin with an initial screen configuration as shown below.
Column 40
I
Row 0
24-row
height.
1-------
80-<:0lumn display
207-column total width
-------4
With the above configuration, a Write Screen Address to Column 20, Row 2 scrolls the window
text twenty columns to the left (to Column 20) and places the cursor on the third row (Row 2) of
2-46
014-002111
the screen, as shown in the next illustration. Remember that the first row of the screen is Row 0,
so the third row of the screen is Row 2.
Column 20
I
Row 2
24-row
height
BO-column display
1------
207-column total width -----~
NOTE: This command may select a new window. If the new destination of the cursor is within a
new window, the new window boundaries take effect immediately. Scrolling and cursor
movement are restricted to the new window.
Select Compressed Spacing
<036> <106> <113>
lE 46 48
<036> F K
D413/D463
(octal)
(hex)
(ASCII)
Compresses character spacing for the current window to allow you to view all columns of a wide
form (up to 135 columns) at one time. When you select compressed spacing, the columns
displayed depend on the absolute column number of the leftmost column displayed with normal
spacing. For example, when the leftmost absolute column number ranges from 0 to 72,
compressed spacing displays the leftmost 135 columns. When the leftmost column number
ranges from 72 to 126, compressed spacing displays the rightmost 135 columns. Margin settings
are unchanged.
014-002111
2-47
Select Normal Spacing
<036> <106> <112>
1E 46 4A
<036> F J
0413/0463
(octal)
(hex)
(ASCII)
Sets character spacing for the current window to allow you to view up to 81 columns at a time. If
you select normal spacing and horizonal scrolling is disabled, 81 columns are displayed to the
. right of and including the leftmost column displayed with compressed spacing.
If you select normal spacing and horizontal scrolling is enabled, the columns displayed depend
on the location of the cursor. The 81 columns will be displayed if the cursor is located in the
leftmost 81 columns of the screen. If the cursor is not located in the first 81 columns of the
screen, the column containing the cursor and the 80 columns to the immediate left of that
column are displayed. The column containing the cursor becomes the rightmost column on the
screen.
Margin settings are unchanged.
Named Save/Restore Cursor
<036> <106> <175>
1E 46 7D
<036> F }
0413/0463
(octal)
(hex)
(ASCII)
where
the first sets the memory number to be used (0 through 15 decimal).
the second has one of the following values:
saves the current position
1 restores the position from memory
°
See the "Forming Command Arguments" of this chapter for more information on
quantities.
Provides 16 absolute cursor position save areas that may be individually accessed. If a memory
that has not yet been saved into is restored, the cursor is sent to location (0,0). Any location can
be restored multiple times.
2-48
014-002111
Save/Restore Screen Contents
<036> <106> <163>
1E 46 73
<036> F s
0413/0463
(octal)
(hex)
(ASCII)
where
<11> sets which command to enact:
o command specified is Save Screen Contents
1 command specified is Restore Screen Contents
For more information on <11> values, see the "Forming Command Arguments" section of
this chapter.
Saves the contents of the screen to a secondary save area or restores an old copy of the screen.
The Save Screen Contents and Restore Screen Contents commands are only valid when they are
enabled in the Terminal Configuration Menu. If the terminal is not in dual host mode (the
emulation is set to "Device" in the Configuration Menu), then all of the display will be saved
(using the inactive emulation's memory). Otherwise, if another emulation is defined, the
physical row length is cut in half (to 103 columns) and the screen is saved on undisplayed rows.
For information on using the Configuration Menu, refer to the manual Installing and Operating
D216E+. D217. D413, and D463 Display Terminals.
When you issue a Save Screen Contents or Restore Screen Contents command, window
definitions are pushed; then popped without interference with the operation of the PushIPop
command. Currently, the Save/Restore Screen Contents command does not support protected
characters or graphics.
NOTE: Only the last save of the screen contents can be restored, and multiple restores can occur
for each save. Graphics and Dynamically Reconfigurable Character Buffers (DRCB) are
not saved.
Screen Home
<036> <106> <107>
lE 46 47
<036> F G
0413/0463
(octal)
(hex)
(ASCII)
Returns the cursor to the absolute 0 row, left margin of the screen. The current window is
changed to th~ first window of the screen, and that window is scrolled to the left margin a~
necessary. If the home position is protected and protect mode is enabled, the screen executes a
Cursor Right.
014-002111
2-49
Set Row Length
<036> <122> <100>
1E 52 40
<036> R @
D413/D463
(octal)
(hex)
(ASCII)
where
sets the row length. For more infonnation on pairs, see the "Fonning Command
Arguments" section of this chapter.
Alters the physical row length used for partitioning screen RAM. The number of available rows is
recalculated based on the new row length and the data on the screen is preserved as much as
possible (if the lines are lengthened, then rows will be removed and blanks added to remaining
rows; if the lines are shortened, then blank rows will be added after the end of the screen and
data in columns past the new maximum right margin are lost). If the row length is set to fewer
than 135 columns, then compressed mode is disabled. This command is not currently useful since
the Set Windows command cannot take advantage of these added lines.
2-50
01 <106> <137>
1E 46 SF
<036> F
(octal)
(hex)
(ASCII)
where
the first pair sets the left most column of the area to display, specified in absolute
ordinates (0 to 206 decimal).
the second pair sets the right most column of the area to display, specified in absolute
ordinates (0 to 206 decimal).
For more information on pairs, see the "Forming Command Arguments" section of
this chapter.
Scrolls text in the window horizontally the minimum amount necessary so that the columns in
the specified range are visible. If these columns are visible in the viewing area, the window is not
moved. If the distance between the left and right columns is greater than the width of the
window (81 columns) the command performs a minimal horizontal scroll so the left column is on
the left side of the screen.
D413/D463
Set Scroll Rate
<036> <106> <124>
lE 46 54
<036> F T
(octal)
(hex)
(ASCII)
where
sets the scroll rate:
o disables smooth scroll; makes all scrolling operations jump in the same fashion as the
1
2
DASHERlD2 display.
enables smooth scroll at a maximum rate of 5 character rows per second. This rate
permits easy reading of text as it is continuously displayed.
enables smooth scroll at a maximum rate of 10 character rows per second. This rate
is useful for scanning of long documents.
Lets the host select one of three scroll rate options. If the argument specified does not fall within
the inclusive range 0 to 2 (060 to 062 octal), the terminal defaults to jump scroll.
014-002111
2-51
0413/0463
Scroll Down
<036> <111>
1E 49
<036> I
(octal)
(hex)
(ASCII)
Moves text in the window down one line and inserts a blank line at the top of the window. The
cursor remains fixed on the screen. The line at the bottom of the window is lost. If a protected
field is encountered, the screen executes a Cursor Right command. Ifhorizontal scrolling is
enabled and the cursor is off the screen and encounters a protected character, then the screen
scrolls horizontally. Ifno such character is encountered, then no horizontal scrolling occurs. The
command is valid even if the terminal is currently in Roll Disable Mode.
0413/0463
Scroll Up
<036> <110>
1E 48
<036> H
(octal)
(hex)
(ASCII)
Moves text in the window up one line and inserts a blank line at the bottom of the window. The
cursor remains fixed on the screen. The line at the top of the window is lost. If a protected field is
encountered, the screen executes a Cursor Right command. Ifhorizontal scrolling is enabled and
the cursor is off the screen and encounters a protected character, then the screen scrolls
horizontally. If no such character is encountered, then no horizontal scrolling occurs. The
command is valid even if the terminal is currently in Roll Disable Mode. New Line and Cursor
Right commands do not scroll in Roll Disable Mode; however, a Scroll Up command always
results in scrolling.
0413/0463
Scroll Left
<036> <106> <103>
1E 46 43
<036> F C
(octal)
(hex)
(ASCII)
where
sets the number of columns to move text left, as an incremental value from the current
offset. For more information on pairs, see the "Forming Command Arguments" section
of this chapter.
Scrolls text in the current window to the left for the number of columns specified. The cursor
remains in the same position. If the scroll exceeds physical page boundaries, the window bumps
the right page limit. Because every D4131D463 page is 207 columns wide, the maximum column
offset is 126 (207 - 81). Ifhorizontal scrolling is disabled, then this command is ignored.
2-52
014-002111
The Scroll Left command is used explicitly to force text to move horizontally within the window.
N onnal cursor movement beyond the visible portion of the screen can also cause horizontal
scrolling.
Scroll Right
<036> <106> <104>
1E 46 44