195912

195912 195912

User Manual: 195912

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DECEMBER

1959

•

VOL

.• 8 - NO. 12

1959

PICTORIAL

REPORT

ON

THE

COMPUTER

FIELD

Maintenance

Methods

for

Digital

Computers

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~

-

~

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COMPUTER PROGRAMMERS

~

~

~

~

~

I

Contribute

to

the

f"

ormulation

~

~

~

~

of

Ootally

New

Oechniques

:J{pplicable

I

~

to

..carge-Scale

Systems

at

~

~

~

~

THE

~

~

MITRE

~

~

~

~

~

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~

MIT~E,

formed under the sponsorship of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology,

~

~

has as a primary responsibility the design

and

development

of

computer-based air defense

~

~

systems. An important part

01

this effort

is

the lonnulation

01

totally new programming

~

~

techniques.

~

~

Supported

by

such computer equipment as

an

IBM 704

and

an

experimental SAGE

~

i

AN/FSQ-7

(soon to be augmented by an

IBM

7090 and a solid state SAGE computer)

~

~

MITRE engineers

and

scientists are involved in broad applied

and

creative programming

~

~

areas. A significant part of this effort involves the development

of

computer programs to:

~

~

~

~

• Provide simulation vehicles for testing missiles,

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~

interceptors, guidance systems .and tracking procedures

~

~

• Carry

out

data reduction

and

analyses

~

~

• Assist in

the

study

of

man-machine relations

~

~

• Assist

in

the

design

and

evaluatiou

of

new systems

~

~

• Check

out

equipment and subsystems

~

~

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~

Additionally, MITRE has undertaken a number of challenging projects in the study of

~

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machine design and programming research; programming systems are being developed

~

~

to provide more efficient techniques

that

will

facilitate the writing, testing, operation

and

~

~

modification of large programming systems such as SAGE.

~

~

There are career openings for systems-oriented programmers

at

MITRE's modern facilities

~

~

in suburban Boston, Massachusetts; Fort Walton Beach, Florida & Montgomery, Alabama.

~

~

~

~

~

~

~

~

To

arrange

an

immediate and confidential interview please forward your

~

~

inquiries to

Dana

N.

Burdette, Personnel Director

~

~

~

~

THE

MIT

R E

COR

P

O·

RAT

I O·N

~

~

~

~

244

WOOD

STREET

-LEXINGTON

73,

MASSACHUSETTS

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~

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-,

-~

"~

a,\"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""

2 COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for December, 1959

COMPUTERS

and

AUTOMATION

DATA

PROCESSING

•

CYBERNETICS

•

ROBOTS

Volume 8

Number

12

4

DECEMBER,

1959

Established

September 1951

1959 PICTORIAL REPORT

ON

THE

COMPUTER

FIELD

8

FRONT

COVER

Seeking Utmost Reliability Under Extreme Conditions

-Sylvania's Mobidic

1,

17

ARTICLE

Maintenance Methods for Digital Computers,

FRED

LIGUORI

, 20

READERS'

AND

EDITOR'S

FORUM

Greetings

to

Computers

Controversy and "Computers and Automation"

Mathematics Laboratories .

Calendar of Coming Events

Computer Accessory

REFERENCE

INFORMATION

6

6

6

24

24

Survey of Recent Articles,

M.

M.

BERLIN

26

Who's

Who

in the Computer Field (Supplement)

31

New

Patents, R.

R.

SKOLNICK.

32

INDEX

OF

NOTICES

Advertising Index

Back Copies .

34

see Oct., page 39

see Oct., page 39

1959

Bulk Subscriptions

Computer Directory and Buyers' Guide,

Manuscripts

Reference and Survey Information .

Who's

Who

Entry Form .

see Nov., page

31

see August, page 28

see August, page

29

see August, page

32

COMPUTERS

and

AUTOMATION

is f>ublished monthly at 160

Warren

St., Roxbury 19, Mass.,

by Berkeley Enterprises, Inc. Printed in U.S.A.

SUBSCRIPTION RATES: (United States) $5.50 for 1 year, $10.50 for 2 years; (Canada) $6.00

for 1 year, $11.50

for

2 years; (Foreign) $6.50 for 1 year, $12.50 for 2 years.

Address all Editorial and Subscription Mail to Berkeley Enterprises, Inc., 815

Washington

St.,

Newtonville 60, Mass.

ENTERED

AS

SECOND CLASS MATTER

at

the Post Office

at

Boston 19, Mass.

POSTMASTER: Please send all Forms 3579 to Berkeley Enterprises, Inc., 160

Warren

St.,

Roxbury 19, Mass.

Copyright, 1959, by Berkeley Enterprises, Inc.

CHANGE

OF

ADDRESS:

If

your address changes, please send us both your new address and

your old address (as it appears on the magazine address imprint), and allow three weeks for the

change to be made.

COMPUTERS

and

AUTOMATION for December, 1959

AMPEX

PRECISION

NOW

'LOCKED

'IN"

Lose the precise alignment

of

tape guiding and driving

components in an instrumentation recorder

al1d

you lose

the fine edge

of

designed·in performance. As alignment is

fast.

flutter

and skew set in.

In the new Ampex FR-IOOB analog recorder, the pos·

sibility

of

misalignment-even

under conditions

of

shock

and 'vibration incidental

to

shipment

or

installation -is

now eliminated by a framework

of

three precision castings

with machined 'V' mating surfaces

that

lock all critical

parts into a single rigid unit. The result: an instrumenta-

tion recorder with buUt- in performance and reliability

that

stays

built

in.

Other advanced features= 1. A unique electrical hold-

back system keeps tape tension constant within narrow

'limits, reducing

flutter

and eliminating mechanical

feed~

back

of

speed variations. 2. Modular plug-in amplifiers

and power supplies give quick versatility

for

direct.

FM

carrier,

PDM,

and

NRZ

digital recording.

3.

Front,,'panel.

four-speed switching over a six-speed range from 1 'l's

to

60

ips allows flexibility in selecting upper frequency

limit

for

maximum tape economy.

These and other features

of

the new Ampex FR·IOOB

add up

to

unmatched performance and refiabiJity. The fun

story

is

available in the new Ampex

FR·I00

brochure.

,AMPEX

INSTRUMENTATION.

934

Charter Street. Redwood City. Calif.

Readers'

and

Editor's

Forum

GREETINGS

TO

COMPUTERS

FOR

CHRISTMAS,

WE

wish

our

subscribers, our

readers, and all computer people:

MERRY

X

MAS

and a

ATAWWY

EYBSST

S N

E'S

A S

=

NY

B

MM

B W

Y,

+SASNARTEYSB

=SANENEWYEAR,

24619 59956 65743 85219 60145 65743 2453000. (Solve

for the digits; each letter stands for just one digit 0 to 9,

although one digit may be represented by more than

one letter.)

This

is

a Numble, a number puzzle for nimble minds.

For

hints for solution

if

needed, write us.

The

solution

will appear in January.

We

repeat

our

annual challenge to automatic com-

puters -to solve this

kind

of problem by an automatic

program.

The

challenge, offered now for the sixth

December, remains unanswered

so

far

as

we know.

CONTROVERSY

AND

"COMPUTERS

AND

AUTOMATION"

I.

From:

E.

J. Teagle

Maracaibo, Venezuela

This

is

my

last subscription unless you cut out that

c - - p about social responsibility and devote more

space

to,

applications.

II.

From:

George A. Hall, Jr.

Asst. Editor, ISA

Journal

Pittsburgh, Pa.

We

here are particularly interested in your continued

support and promotion

of

the social responsibility of

computer scientists -and by

impli~ation

automatic con-

trol engineers -in the columns of your magazine. This

is

fine work: please keep it up.

III.

From

the Editor's Notes, Computers

and

Automation,

April

1954 (Vol. 3,

No.4),

p. 4 ff:

We

believe in the value

of

controversy, in the field

of computers and automation

as

well

as

in all other

fields. A controversial subject is an interesting sub-

ject, an

important

one to argue about and seek the

truth

about,

through

discussion, investigation, and the

clash of different views.

It

is

not necessary to lose one's

temper in discussion,

but

it

is necessary that each party

in

the

discussion have his fair chance to express his

views, without being called names or having his in-

tegrity or loyalty to anyoody

or

anything attacked.

6

In

the pages

of

this magazine we shall do our best

to promote controversy, honorable controversy, which

truthfully and honestly expfores ideas,

ao.d

which tries

to make sure

that

each side

of

a questioh is expressed

fairly -without calling names, attacking reputations,

or

hugging

orthodoxy.

IV.

From

the

Editor:

This

is

still exactly what· we believe' in -and the

subject of the social responsibility

of

computer scientists

is

worth

quantities of discussion and argument.

MATHEMATICS

LABORATORIES

I.

From: J. F. Clark

21054 Clark Ave., RR3

Langley, British Columbia

Canada

I am teaching mathematics in one of two Junior-

Senior

High

Schools

in

this district.

Our

total enrol-

ment in Grades 7 - 13 is approximately 1600.

Our

School Board is at present

planning

to spend about

$30,000

on

a music-band room in one school to satisfy

the demands

of

a Music Specialist

..

Full band equip-

ment, music scores, piano, record-player, etc., are already

provided.

As a mathematics specialist I am

gre~n

with

envy.

The

total appropriation for mathematics equipment in

the last 10 years would scarcely buy the piano.

In

order

to rectify this sitaution I am contacting the major

American suppliers

of

mathematics laboratory equip-

ment.

Your

address has been obtained from a publica-

tion

of

the

National

Council

of

Teachers of Mathe-

matics.

I therefore request your serious consideration in sup-

plying me with catalogues, descriptive literature,

and

material which can be

of

use

in

approaching the School

Board and selling them

on

the necessity of mathematics

laboratories.

Our

local Board

is

one of the best

an~

I can assure

you they will respond to reasonable demands.

II.

From

the

Editor

to

Mr.

Clark:

Thank

you for your recent letter.

We

are happy to

enclose

our

announcements

of

the things we publish

and

our

Brainiac kit.

Good

luck to you in

what

you

are trying to do, and

if

we can be

of

any further help

to you,

write

us again.

III.

From

the

Editor

to

the

readers

of

Computers

and

Automation:

If

you have any information

or

announcements which

relate to school mathematics laboratories which

might

be

of

interest to Mr. Clark, will you please send them

to

him?

COMPUTERS and

AUTOMATION

for December, 1959

Dramatic improvement over present standard

cores

offers

greater design flexibility, top performance

in

high-speed coincident current memory applications

New

l-fL

sec

memory

cores

226Ml

(XF-4028)

and

228Ml

(XF-4257)

developed

at

RCA's

Ma-

terials

Lab

in

Needham

Heights,

Mass.,

repre-

sent

an

important

step

forward

in

ferrite

core

design for

military

and

commercial

computers.

See

chart

for

the

significant

improvements

in

power

requirements

and

operating

margin

now

possible

in

l-fL

sec

operation.

Call

your

local

RCA

Field

Representative

and

learn

how

the

new

226Ml

and

228Ml

can

fit

into

your

new

computer

designs.

He

can

also

give

you

information

on

the

entire

line

of

RCA

Fer-

rite

Memory

Cores,

Planes

and

Stacks

available

to

meet

your

specific

design

requirements.

For

technical

data,

write

RCA

Commercial

Engi-

neering,

Section

L-90-NN,

Somerville,

N.

J.

NOMINAL

OPERATING

CHARACTERISTICS

AT

25°C

RCA

FIELD

OFFICES:

East:

Full Driving Partial·Write Pulse Rise

Type

Size

Current

(1m)

Current (Ipw) Time (T,)

{mal (mal (llseC)

228Ml

080"

x

050"

x .025" 620 310 0.2

(XF-4257)

226Ml

.050" x .030" x .015" 380 190 0.2

(XF·4028)

COMPUTERS

and

AUTOMATION for December, 1959

Response

SWitching "Undisturbed

I"

"Disturbed

0"

Time

(Ts)

blsec) (IlVI)

(dV

z)

(mv) (mv)

1 160

18

1

75

10

744

Broad

Street,

Newark,

N.

J.

HUmboldt

5·3900

Northeast:

64

"A"

Street

Needham Heights

94,

Mass.

Hillcrest

4·7200

East Central:

714

New Center Bldg., Detroit

2,

Mich.

TRinity

5·5600

Central:

Suite

1154,

Merchandise Mart

Plaza

Chicago,

III.,

WHitehall

4·2900

West:

6355

E.

Washington

Blvd.

los

Angeles,

Calif.,

RAymond

3·8361

Gov't:

224

N. Wilkinson

St.,

Dayton,

Ohio

BAldwin

6·2366

1625

··K"

Street,

N.W.

Walhington,

D.C.,

District

7·1260

7

1959

Pictorial

Report

on

the

Computer

Field

This

is

a pictorial repon for 1959

on

the

computer

fiel{

including computers,

dat

a processors, c

ompon

ents,

etc.

To

pu.t together this report, we sent

out

a letter

to ma

ny

organizations in the com purer field, asking for :

"

int

eresting,

str

iking, and

dram

a

ti

c pictures related to

the c

omputer

field in 1959 -

picture

s

that

answer

qu

es

tions' :

What

does a .

....

look like?

Wh

at goes into a . . . . .

How

is

a . . . . . made?

How

does a

.....

op

erate ?

and simi lar questions."

We

sa

id

we wanted to avoid pictur

es

that

showed only

"smooth and featureless ourside coverings."

A

numb

er

of

good pictures have b

ee

n sent to us, and

we are

gratef

ul for the

m.

Many

of

these have b

ee

n

pri

nt

ed

as

a part

of

this report, which includ

es

the

front cover al

so;

but

there

is

n

ot

room

for

all

of

them

to be

pub

li

shed in this issue, and so we shall plan to

publish more

of

them in later issues. .

Th

e present report

is

a c

ontinu

a

tion

of

our

previous

pictorial re

port

s : "A Pictorial

Manua

l

on

Comp

uters,"

fi

rs

t pri nted in two parts, one

in

December 1957, the

ot

her in

Janu

ary 1958, subsequently

reprint

ed

as

a

special issue

of

Computers

and

Automation,

vol.

6,

no.

12B; a

nd

"1958 Pictorial

Repon

on

th

e Compurer

Field,"

printed

in

the December 19

58

issue

of

Com-

puters a

nd

Automation,

vo

l.

7,

no. 12.

I.

Computers

This

is

an

automatic digital

computer

being

used

for

control

purposes

in

a

cement-munng

company.

It

directs the

blending

and storage

of

raw

materials,

and

will

evenrually exercise closed-loop

control

over

the kilns.

The

machine

is an

RW

300 made by

Thompson-Ramo-Wooldridge

Products Co., Beverly Hills, Calif.,

and

is

in

use

at

the

River-

side Cement, Co.,

Oro

Grande,

Calif.

(Figure

1)

COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for D

ece

mb

er, 1959

COMPUTERS and

AUTOMATION

for December, 1959

One

of

the lowest-

priced

(under

$20,000)

complete

automatic

digital computers is

the

DE

60

of

Clary

Corporation

, San Ga-

briel, Calif.

(Figure

2).

Part

of

the pro-

gramming

is accom-

plished by a

plugbo

a

rd

,

and

more

by sequen-

tial

instruction

s from

the

keyboard.

The

arithmetic unit (Fig-

ure

3)

is

contained in

the

box

under

th

e type·

writer,

and

is

shown

opened

in

Figure

3.

N o tubes are used

in

the logical operations

of

the

computer;

the

thyrarrons are

power

tubes.

9

This

is a

general

pur-

pose analog

computer

~

....

_

constructed by and

in

use at

Boeing

Air-

pl

a

ne

Co

.,

Seattl

e,

Wash.,

for

so

l

ving

heat-transfer

problem

s

in

th

e des

ign

of man-

n ed s

upersonic

air-

craft.

It

is a

bout

1/ 8

the size a

nd

1/ 10

the

cost

of

comparable

models.

It

is

assem-

bled

from

11

kinds

of

s

tandard

boxed

unit

s,

which are connected

from

in

front.

In

a

steady-state heat-trans-

fer

problem,

where

s

kin

temperatures are

assumed

to

be constant,

in

te

r i

or

temperatur

es

can be

found

simul-

taneo

ll

sly at 400 dif-

fe

rent

loca

tion

s.

The

computer

h

as

been

nam

ed Reasta

n.

(Fig

-

ur

e 4 )

This

is a new general-

purp

ose analog com-

put

er

with

30 ampli-

fiers

and

35

to

55

po-

t

en

tiometer

s,

desk size,

expandable,

able to

solve linear a

nd

non-

linear differential equa-

tions, etc.

The

mach-

ine is the

Model

3100

anal

og

computer

made

by

Donner

Scientific

Co.,

Conc

o

rd,

Calif.

(Figure

5)

10 COMPUTERS and

AUTOMAT

ION for Dece

mb

er, 1

95

9

This

machine is

sorting

checks

at

the rate

of

25 a second, by means

of

magnetic ink characters

printed

or

entered

on

each check. The

characters record account number,

amount,

and

other

information.

The

sorter

is an

element

of

the

Burroughs

B 251 Visible Record

Computer

made by

Burroughs

Corp.,

Detroit,

Mich.

(Figure

7)

Here

is

shown

a

band

of

Mylar

plastic tape con-

taining

about

200 instructions

for

the

operation

of

the

Burroughs

B 251 Visible Rec

ord

Computer.

Up

to

12

tape readers may be installed, so

that

th

e

computer

may

refer

to

more

than

2500 pro-

gramming

instructions. Also

shown

is

one

of

the

sma

ll

tr

ansistorized

printed

circuit bo

ar

ds. (Fig-

ure

8)

COMPUTERS a

nd

AUTOMATI

ON

for D

ece

mb

er, 1959

This

shows the console

of

the

central

computing

unit

of

the

very large-scale

and

powerful

computer, the

Transac

S 2000

made

by

Philco Corp., Philadel-

phia

, Pa.

The

plug-in

circuit

boards appear

through

the

glass

windows

of

the

front

of

the

con-

sole.

(Figure

6)

11

..

y

Here

is

a small general-purpose digital computer, with: electric typewriter

input

and

output;

paper

tape reader and

punch;

and

at

the

right,

the

main

computing

unit

(Figure

9).

This

is the Recomp

II

made

by Autonetics division

of

North

American Aviation,

Downey

, Calif. Below is

the

computer

unit

opened up.

(Figure

10).

12

COMPUTERS alld AUTOMATION for Decembe

r,

195

9

Here

is

part

of

the magnetic

drum

memory

of

the

Recomp

II

being

assembled

and

wired.

The

capacity

of

the

memo

ory

is 4096 words

of

40

binary digits each.

(Figure

11)

The

purpose

of

this mach-

ine

is to convert informa-

ti

on

from

magnetic tape to

paper

tape. It is

made

by

Telemeter

Magnetics, Los

Angeles, Calif., and contains

among

other

components a

magnetic tape reader made

by

Ampex

Instrumentation,

Redwood, City, Calif.

(Fig

.

ure

12)

COMPUTERS a

ud

AU

TOMATION

for December, 1959

13

2.

Input

This

is

an

automatic electronic reader

of

typewritten

or

printed

characters

in

correspondents' addresses

on

ordinary

mailed envelope

s.

The

model

is

being developed further,

under

a contract

with

the

U.S.

Post

Office

Department,

by

Intelligent

Machines Research Corp., a subsidiary

of

Fa

rrington

Manufacturing

Co.,

Needham

Heights,

Mass.

(Figure

13)

14

Pictorial

information

can be converted into digital data

for

computer

input.

The

machine

shown

takes

stereophotographs

and

with

the aid

of

an

operator

converts highway cross·section measurements

into

dig

-

ital

form

punched

on

punch

cards

or

punch

tape.

The

machine is

the

Terrain

Data

Translator

made

by

the

Benson Lehner Corp., Los Angeles 64, Calif.

(Figure

14)

COMPUTERS

a/l

ei

AUTOMAT

IO

N for December, 1959

3.

Output

Here

is

a tape

punch

which

punches

120

characters

per

second.

It

is

part

of

FLAC,

the

Florida

A

ut

omatic

Computer.

This

mach-

ine was designed a

nd

is operated by

the

RCA

Service Co.,

Missile

Test

Project,

Patrick

Air

Force Base, Flor-

ida.

(Figure

15)

The

machine shown above

puts

out

digital and

other

symbolic dis

pla

ys

(eight

number

s

or

symbols

printed

in

par-

allel)

at

speeds

of

up

to one display

per

second.

The

machine also draws lines.

In

fact,

it

can draw any picture

consisting

of

a series

of

straight

lines;

for

the

mapm

a

ker

it

dr

aws maps;

for

the

high

way engineer

it

draws ter-

rain

cross sections

an

d profiles;

for

the

petroleum

geophysicist

it

prints

subsurface contours; and for the petroleum

production

man

it

presents oil well

production

inform

ation.

This

machine

is

the Electroplotter

Model

S made

by

Ben

son

Lehner Corp., Los A

ng

el

es

64, Calif.

(Figure

16)

COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for December, 1959

15

16

4. Components

This

is

a high-speed paper-tape-

imprinting

output

device.

While

the

paper

tape runs continuously,

the typewheels

make

up

to

30

revolutions a second, each wheel

bearing 64 characters.

Hammers

actuated by precisely timed solen-

oids strike

the

pressure-sensitive

paper, and character face

in

50

miIlionths

of

a second, so

there

is

no smearing

of

the

impression.

Another

model can type

up

to

190

characters

per

line

at

rates

up

to

15

lines

per

second.

The

machine

is made by Shepa

rd

Laboratories,

Summit, N .J.

(Figure

17)

This

is a magnetostnCtlOn delay line, a memory which stores

information

based

on

the

change

of

physical

dimensions

of

a material

when

it

is magnetized as compared

with

when

it

is

not

magnetized.

The

manufac-

turer

is

Ferranti

Electric Co., Hempstead,

N.Y.

(Figure

18)

COMPUTERS

an

d

AUTOMATION

for December, 1959

The

utmost

reliability

under

very rigorous conditions has been

sought

in

the

components

of

the

mobile digital

computer, Mobidic

(Figures

19

and

20,

and

the

Front

Cover).

It

is

being

built

by

Sylvania Electronic Systems,

Needham,

Mass.

for

the

U.S.

Armed

Forces.

The

components have been constructed

in

three

levels

of

packaging:

(1)

small

printed

circuit plaques

with

components

mounted

and

soldered;

(2)

larger

printed

circuit

boards

with

the

plaques

mounted

upon

them;

and

(3)

frames

in

which

the

larger

boards

may

slide

in

and

out.

For

other

pur-

poses

than

Mobidic, the frames also have

been

made removable

and

insertable. (See

Front

Cover)

IN

SERTION

AND

RE

LEASE

B un ON 2

INDICATOR

LAMPS

(MAX.)

COMPUTERS alld AUTOMATION for December, 1959

lEST

B~OCK

f

ELCO

C6NT

ACT

CARD

FRAME

~-.

-

17

18

Above the magnetic oxide coating

for

a magnetic

drum

is being

in

spected

for

concentnclty

with

a

micro-probe amplifier.

The

concentricity tolerance on this

particular

drum

was

70 millionths

of

an

inch.

The

manufacturer

is Bryant

Computer

Products Division, Springfield,

Vermont.

(Figure

21).

Below

holes are

being

machined

into

the

drum

housing

in

order

to f

as

ten the

magnetic read/record heads.

(Figure

22)

~.

..---

'"

.....--

-

~

.

.....

r:tO---

"!

-----

"

"

~

.

.~

~

*

~

'"'"

•

•

~

• )

•

..

..

; l

•

II

'"

* »

• "

..

: •

1\

..

'"

'"

)

1\

"

..

• )

1\

..

..

t "

1\

..

,.

~

.

1\

.. ..

:j

#

•

..

..

~

1\

•

..

:

• •

..

~

'"

• •

..

.

-:

•

'"

..

..

..

• •

~

• : ,

•

..

•

• •

,

COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION f

or

D

ece

mb

er, 1959

This

picture high-lights a

current

computer

application to a U.S.

Army

war-game problem.

The

game (called

SYNTAC)

is used to evaluate

the

feasibility

of

operational and organizational con-

cepts;

it

is

played manually by two

opposing

teams maneuvering

on

a map.

The

teams are mem-

bers

of

the

Combat Research Operations

Group

(CORG)

of

Technical Operations Inc., Burlington,

Mass., associated wi

th

Combat

Development

System, U.S.

Continental

Army

Command,

Fort

Mon-

roe, Va.

The

umpire

is a

Control

Group

assisted by

an

LGP-30 computer, made by Royal McBee

Corp.,

Port

Chester,

N.Y.;

the

computer

is

essential

for

quickly

and

accurately

judging

the moves.

(Figure

23)

Checking and maintain-

ing

the

operation

of

com-

puters is

perhaps

the

most

fundamental

of

all com-

puter

requirements.

This

picture shows a techni-

cian checking a logic

chassis

in

the

RCA-SOl

electronic

data

processing

system,

in

the

RCA

plant,

Camden,

N.J.

The

most

recently delivered RCA

501 was installed

in

Den

-

ver

in

October

for

super-

vision

and

control

over

records

of

air reservists.

(Figure

24)

COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION

for

December, 1959

19

MAINTENANCE

METHODS

FOR

DIGITAL

COMPUTERS

Fred

Liguori

Sperry Gyroscope Co., Marine Div.

Syosset, L.I., N.Y.

Supplying an adequate maintenance manual concur-

rently with or shortly after the delivery of

an

elaborate

equipment is never a simple task. The problem of an-

ticipating actual operating conditions and the reliability

of the equipment has no simple solution.

In

the case of

digital computers, however, two additional factors further

complicate the problem:

(

1)

Almost unlimited flexibility of operation based on

an easily changed, stored program makes the computer's

ultimate use unpredictable.

(2)

The dependence of computer operation

on

stored

data requires tests other than the usual tests on physical

hardware.

The

usual solution to the checkout and maintenance

problem

is

to utilize the computer itself to isolate

or

at

least localize the trouble area. This requires a well de-

veloped test program that checks memory data

as

well

as

the system electronics.

The

use of test programs, however,

present problems of their own.

The

main purpose of this article

is

to

consider various

methods

of

attacking

the

maintenance problem

and

to

discuss the merits and disadvantages

of

the methods con-

sidered.

Maintenance based

on

Permanently Stored

Test

Programs

The desirable features of a well designed test procedure

based on programs permanently stored in the computer

memory are:

(

1)

Thoroughness of checkout

(

2)

Minimum of time required

(

3)

Minimum possibility of human error

(

4)

Actual operating conditions can be simulated

(5)

Minimum knowledge required by technician

(6) Minimum

of

test devices and maintenance litera-

ture required

Items

(1)

and (

2)

are closely interrelated since

it

is

the rapid action of programmed tests that enables all cir-

cuitry and each memory cell to be checked

Out

within

a

reasonable time.

For

the average computer

the

time

re-

quired for such tests is about fifteen minutes

if

no faults

are encountered. A similar test by manual procedures

would require hours

or

even days

for

larger computers.

Human error is obviously minimized by semi-automatic

testing that requires only the use of a selector switch and

actuating button.

The

inherent computational speed of the computer

enables the system to be checked out while operating at

20

normal speed. Thus the programmed test gives the truest

indication of operability. Such a test would

be

impossible

by means other than automatic.

Programmed tests can be performed by the operator

since a minimum knowledge of computer theory

is

re-

quired. The results obtained are compared to predicted re-

sults to determine faulty areas. Such tests serve

as

an

excellent checkout procedure before putting the computer

"on line."

A minimum of technical literature

is

required to ex-

plain the operation of tests because of their simplicity.

1£

the computer

is

well-designed, no auxiliary test devices

are required

for

the first stage

of

checkout and trouble-

shooting. For detailed trouble isolation, a minimum of

equipment is required. Usually a fast-sweep oscilloscope

and a vacuum tube volt meter are sufficient. '

With

these powerful advantages, it is difficult

to

be-

little the stored program troubleshooting approach.

Yet

there are a few items that must be considered since it may

be impossible to depend on stored program troubleshooting.

(

1)

There may be failures

in

the test program.

(2)

Space may not be available for storing the re-

quired test programs.

(

3)

Reliance on test programs hinders the develop-

ment of the maintenance man.

There is always the possibility that the test program

itself will fail. Such a failure can be due

to

a damaged

portion of the memory or to an electronic failure

in

the

computer hardware. A well-designed memory

is

almost

indestructible

in

normal operation,

or

at least its life ex-

pectancy can be fairly well determined beforehand. False

failures can

be

eliminated by accepted verification rou-

tines.

An

electronic failure hindering the test program will

in

all probability result in an operational failure

as

well.

Thus such a failure

is

the very reason for which the test

program exists.

By

analyzing the point of failure, a good

insight to the difficulty

is

obtained. Here, however, the

burden

is

placed on the test program designer

to

avoid

false indications when displaying test program results.

The

space problem in programmed testing

is

of no con-

cern where an adequate storage facility

is

incorporated

in

the

computer memory. But it is

important

enough

to

be prohibitive

where

storage space is

not

available.

The

solution to this

problem

is

not

nearly so simple

as

"pro-

viding an adequate storage" may sound.

The

problem

of

anticipating the storage space required for operational

programs is one of the most difficult problems

in

computer

design.

The

cost of the memory

unit

is

too great

to

em-

ploy a large safety factor

in

estimating its storage require-

COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for December, 1959

·

The

new

Ramo-Wooldridge Laboratories

in

Canoga

Park, California, will provide an excellent environment

for scientists

and

engineers engaged in technological

research

and

development. Because of the high degree

of

scientific

and

engineering effort involved

in

Ramo-

Wooldridge programs, technically trained people are

assigned a more dominant role

in

the management of

the organization than is customary.

The

ninety-acre landscaped site, with modem build-

ings grouped around a central mall, contributes to the

academic environment necessary for creative work.

The

new Laboratories will be the West Coast headquarters

of Thompson Ramo Wooldridge Inc.

as

well as house

the Ramo-Wooldridge division of TRW.

The Ramo-Wooldridge Laboratories are engaged

in

the broad fields of electronic systems technology, com-

puters,

and

data processing. Outstanding opportunities

exist for scientists and engineers.

For specific information on current openings write

to

Mr.

D.

L.

Pyke.

il

THE

RAMO·WOOLDRIDGE

LABORATORIES

U

8433

FALLBROOK AVENUE. CANOGA PARK. CALIFORNIA

COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for December, 1959

21

ments. Modular design of storage is possible so space could

be added after the completed design. This, however, still

requires some costly provisioning in the original design

that may never be utilized. Also, most modular memory

units with a reasonable capacity are not fast-access mem-

ories; therefore they would slow down the testing opera-

tion. Thus after painstaking design of a suitable test

routine,

it

may not fit into the computer together with the

operational program without a costly compromise of one

or both programs.

Finally, the maintenance man must be considered. If,

as

is the case with armed forces installations, there

is

a

rapid turnover of personnel, simple test procedures are a

must. But undue reliance on simplified routines gives the

maintenance man little occasion to become really familiar

with computer theory.

He

is

subsequently hampered in

dealing with problems not isolated by the routines. This

is

a more severe problem in experimental or constantly

changing computer applications where analytical ability

is

required of the maintenance man in addition

to

general

experience and know-how.

Maintenance based

on

Programs

in

Temporary Storage

Besides the permanent storage space, computers also

have temporary storage space in varying proportions to

permanent storage. The storage

is

temporary in that this

space

is

required for intermediate or "scratch-pad" com-

putations during normal computer operation. Thus its

contents are automatically destroyed, by re-writing in

these cells under the direction of the program.

The advantages of utilizing temporary storage space

for test programs are

as

follows:

22

SCAN YOUR FUTURE IN THE

~OMPUTER

FIELD

The

design

of

a

new

static state

digital

computer

has created several openings

in

real-time

control

of

industrial

processes especially

in

the

power,

petroleum

and

chemical fields.

The

computer

is used as a direct

tool

for

process

control

as

well

as scienHfic computing.

LOGICAL DESIGNER

Work

with

customer

requirements

and translate them

into

circuit design to

meet

varied

application

prob-

lems.

Computer

design experience

preferred

or

re-

lated experience such

as

transistor and switching cir-

cuits,

high

gain

linear

amplifiers and selection matrices.

PROGRAMMER

Experienced

in

time shared

programming

techniques.

Analytical experience

on

scientific

problems

required.

Emphasis

on

coding

techniques, system

programming,

real time simulation,

information

storage

and

re-

trieval.

The

growth

of

our

organization

and

the success

of

our

computer

endeavors has created these openings.

For

a confidential

interview

or

for

more

particulars

forward

a complete resume to

Mr.

W.

A.

Wecker,

Personnel

Director,

INFORMATION SYSTEMS, INC.

7350

N.

Ridgeway

Skokie, Illinois

(

1)

The use of valuable permanent storage space re-

quired

is

minimized, or unnecessary.

(

2)

Substantially all advantages of permanent storage

test routines can be realized.

Item

(1)

is

an advantage only

if

the temporary storage

is

adequate for test programs or

if

sufficient additional

space is available in permanent storage. For a thorough

checkout procedure, however, temporary storage facilities

are usually inadequate.

Utilizing temporary storage space reduces the speed of

testing inherent in permanently stored test programs be-

cause the routine must be loaded into memory before each

use.

Where temporary storage space

is

inadequate,

it

is

possi-

ble

to

use permanent storage space

in

the same manner

as

temporary storage,

but

this is further complicated by the

need to re-Ioad the operational program when the test

program operation

is

completed. Such an operation allows

some human error into the picture,

but

this can be mini-

mized

as

follows:

(

a)

Have the temporary program automatically stop

itself when the test program is fully loaded.

(b)

Have the same input device (tape, etc.) also con-

tain that portion of the operational program to be restored.

(

c)

Make part of the procedure for the test, a ' simple

switch action that continues the loading operation through

the operating data reload cycle upon completion of the

test operation.

Verification of the re-loaded program

is

still a must, but

there are well established techniques for that.

The

disadvantages of relying on temporary test pro-

grams are:

(1)

Items

(1)

and

(3)

of those discussed for perman-

ently stored tests. '

(2)

Speed of operation

is

greatly reduced by the need

for loading and possibly reloading and verification.

(3)

There

is

at least a partial increase in potential hu-

man error.

Maintenance based

on

Manual

Testing

Procedures

Even with the best programmed test procedures, there

comes a time when the final analysis of the trouble de-

pends on conventional troubleshooting techniques with

auxiliary test devices.

If

the computer has a well-designed

test program, however, this

is

only the last step in the re-

pair procedure. The computer will normally have been

put

back into operation by replacing a modular unit be-

fore detailed testing of circuits begins.

The

modular unit

itself

is

tested by the auxiliary devices without the pres-

sure of having to get the computer back "on line."

There are certain advantages to a complete manual

troubleshooting technique despite its $eemingly old-

fashioned approach. Most of these advantages, however,

diminish in relative importance

as

the computing system

increases in

size

and complexity. Among the paramount

advantages are:

(

1)

There

is

little or no need for storage space.

(

2)

There

is

no

drain

on

programming time

in

setting

up procedures.

(

3)

The testing approach

is

more independent of the

computer itself.

(

4)

The technician must learn more of the system.

(

5)

With

intelligent modular design this may

be

at

least

as

fast

as

using temporary storage programs.

COMPUTERS

and

AUTOMATION

for December, 1959

I

I

,

\

,

I

\ ,

'"

,

,

"

'"

"

Explorer

VI

isa

...

-----

...

--

;';'

, "space laboratory

orbiting

around

the

'-"',

earth

,

....

....

....

---

with

paddles

capturing

sunlight

for

power

---

The

scientific

data

that

will some

day

enable

us

to

probe

successfully to

the

very

fringes of

the

universe is being recorded

and

transmitted

at

this

moment

by

the

space laboratory

Explorer

VI, a satellite now in

orbit

around

the

earth.

This project,

carried

out

by

Space

Technology Laboratories for

the

National

Aeronautics

and

Space Administration

under

the

direction of

the

Air

Force

Ballistic Missile

Division, will advance

man's

knowledge of:

The

earth

and

the

solar

system

.

..

The

magnetic

field

strengths

in

space .

..

The

cosmic

ray

intensities

away

from

earth

.

..

and,

The

micrometeorite

density

encountered

in

inter-planetary

travel

•

Explorer

VI is

the

most sensitive

and

unique

achievement

ever

launched

into space.

The

29" payload,

STL designed

and

instrumented

by

STL in

cooperation

with

the

universities, will

remain

"vocal" for its anticipated one

year

life.

Space Technology

COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for December, 1959

------

--

...

....

....

....

,

....

....

....

"

"

,

/

\.

\ \ \

i

I

I

I

How?

Because

Explorer

VI's 132

pounds

of

electronic components

are

powered

by

storage

batteries

kept

charged

by

the

impingement

of solar

radiation

on

8,000 cells in

the

four

sails

or

paddles equivalent to 12.2

square

feet

in

area

• Many

more

of

the

scientific

and

technological miracles of

Explorer

VI will

be

reported

to

the

world

as

it

continues its epic

flight.

The

STL

technical staff brings to this

space

research

the

same

talents which

have

provided systems engineering

and

over-all

direction since 1954 to

the

Air

Force

Missile

Programs

including Atlas, Thor, Titan,

Minuteman,

and

the

Pioneer

I space probe.

Important

staff

positions

in

connection

with

these

activities

are

now

available

for

scientists

and

engineers

with

outstanding

capabilities

in

propulsion,

electronics,

thermodynamics,

aerodynamics,

structures,

astrophysics,

computer

technology,

and

other

related

fields

and

disciplines.

Inquiries

and

resumes

Laboratories, Inc. are

invited.

P.

O.

Box

95004

Los

Angeles

45, California

23

Since many computer routines require the use of storage

a valid test must also utilize storage space.

The

temporary

storage

is

adequate for such simple storage problems, how-

ever. All instructions

in

this approach are entered manu-

ally so the often lengthy loading operation

is

not required.

An important advantage in the early stages of computer

development

is

the independence of this technique. The

programming time

is

often preoccupied with evaluation

CALENDAR

OF

COMING EVENTS

Dee. 1-2, 1959:

4th

Midwest Symposium

on

Circuit

Theory, Marquette Univ., Milwaukee, Wisc.

Dec. 1-3, 1959: Eastern

Joint

Computer Conference,

Statler Hotel, Boston, Mass.

Dee. 7-9, 1959: Cooperating Users Exchange (CUE)

'Meeting, (users

of

Burroughs 220), Statler Hotel, St.

Louis, Mo.

Feb. 25-26, 1960: Univac Users Association Semi-An-

nual Meeting, Greenbrier Hotel,

White

Sulphur

Springs,

W.

Va.

March 21-24, 1960: IRE

National

Convention, Coli-

seum and

Waldorf

Astoria Hotel,

New

York,

N.Y.

April

18-19, 1960:

Third

Annual Conference on Auto-

matic Techniques, Cleveland-Sheraton Hotel, Cleve-

land, Ohio.

May 2-6, 1960:

Western

Joint

Computer Conference,

San Francisco, Calif.

August 23-25, 1960: Annual Meeting

of

the Associa-

tion for

Computing

Machinery, Marquette Univ.,

Milwaukee, Wise.

24

COMPUTER

PROGRAMMERS·ANAL

YSTS

Broadview Research

Corporation

is

seeking

computer

programmers

and

applications analysts to

work

in

the

areas

of

scientific calculations, systems

programming,

and

commercial data processing.

Company experience

includes:

satellite

orbit

computa-

tions, numerical

solution

of differential equations, simu-

lation

of

communication

systems, application

of

data

processing techniques

in

the areas

of

logistics, personnel,

and

administration.

Qua1i'fications:

programming

experience

with

medium-

large scale

computer

systems.

Openings exist

at

Burlingame, California,

Alamogordo,

New

Mexico,

and

Fort

Huachuca, Arizona.

Contact: Mr.

William

J. Petersen

Broadview

Research

Corporation

1811

Trousdale

Drive

Burlingame,

California

and operational programs so that a period might exist

where no test programs are available even if it

is

intended

to develop them.

In

programmed tests there

is

always some dependence

on basic computer operations which may not be available

due to the malfunction that exists.

The

failure indication

when the test program cannot be completed cannot always

be anticipated by the procedure. This complication

is

avoided in a manual testing procedure.

Advantage

(4)

might sound like a disadvantage but

there

is

merit

to

making the technician work at trouble-

shooting.

In

difficult troubles where programmed tests fail,

the technician's reservoir of experience and familiarity with

theory are valuable assets. These assets are acquired only

through working with the circuitry.

The speed with which the computer

is

returned to

operation

is

of utmost importance

in

large scale computers

where operating time

is

in hundreds of dollars per hour.

There, this serious disadvantage

to

manual techniques ex-

ists. Indeed it

is

often prohibitive. Yet with modular de-

sign in vogue, large sections of the computer can be re-

placed by simply exchanging pluggable packages without

even shutting off power. A good technician need not

make too many calculated guesses to replace the faulty cir-

cuit. Then the testers do the rest when the computer has

been returned to operation. A good maintenance manual

is a valuable aid in this "mental" troubleshooting process.

Troubleshooting charts of the

"yes

-no" variety that are

well thought out can do a lot of the thinking and eliminate

much of the pressure when first attempting the repair.

The major disadvantages of the completely manual ap-

proach

to

testing are:

(1)

The

enormity

of

the

system may make

it

virtually

impossible to use this method exclusively.

(2)

Where

useable, the method will almost always be

slower.

(3)

It

requires a high-calibre technician and close

familiarity with the system.

(

4)

It

requires a better-than-average maintenance man-

ual.

(

5)

The

storage system must be almost infallible if

it

is very large, since manual checking of stored data

is

impractical.

COMPUTER

ACCESSORY

"Really,

H;nshaw,

I

don't

feel that's necessary!"

COMPUTERS

and

AUTOMATION

for December, 1959

new

improved

n

Memo.Scope~'

ill

cope

For

complete information on the new improved Hughes"Memo-Scope"

oscilloscope (ModeI104E), detailed data sheets and application analysis

of

your transient measurement problems, write or wire: HUGHES PRODUCTS

Industrial Systems Division, International Airport Station,

Los

Angeles

45,

California

r-------------------------------,

Still

using "old-fashioned"

methods for measuring non-recurring

transients?

If

so,

now

is

the time to

investigate the

easy

way to solve your

most difficult transient measurement

problems with the latest model Hughes

"Memo-Scope" oscilloscope.

Why?

Because

new

features,

new

advanced circuitry,

new

panel layout

and

new

mechanical design now

assure maximum accuracy in all your

transient

measurements-plus

higher

performance, greater dependability

and easier operation I

1--------------------------------

I

The

Hughes "Memo-Scope" oscilloscope

(Model

104E)

stores nonrepetitive events

for an indefinite

period-hours,

or

days-

keeping them available for thorough study

until

intentionally erased.

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

-I

new

improved features

• Simplified panel layout: redesigned

trigger circuit

...

assure easier

operation,

• Advanced mechanical design gives:

• Better cooling for longer

component life,

•

Far

greater accessibility for

maintenance,

• Increased ruggedness; resistance

to vibration,

• Built-in single-sweep circuit ("1-shot"

trigger) at

no

extra cost,

• Available for either

110

v.

or

220

v.

operation.

applications

• Data reduction equipment trouble-

shooting

• Physical testing: shock, stress, strain

• Ultrasonic flaw detection

• Semiconductor testing

• Ballistics and explosives research

... and many others.

I

I

1-

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

--I

INDUSTRIAL SYSTEMS DIVISION

I

I

I

j-

-------------------------.. - - -

--I

I I

I

HUGHES

PRODUCTS

I

I

I

~

_______________________________

J

@1959,

HUGHES AIRCRAFT COMPANY

SEMICONDUCTOR

DEVICES'

STORAGE TUBES AND

DEVICES.

MICROWAVE

TUBES'

VACUUM TUBES AND

COMPONENTS·

CRYSTAL

FILTERS·

MEMO·SCOPE@OSCILLOSCOPES· INDUSTRIAL CONTROL SYSTEM'>

COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for December, 1959 25

SURVEY

OF

RECENT

ARTICLES

We

publish

here

a survey

of

arti-

cles related to computers

and

data

processors, and their applications and

implications, occurring

in

certain

magazines.

We

seek to cover at least

the following magazines:

Automatic Control

Automation

Automation and Automatic

Equipment News (British)

Business

Week

Control Engineering

Datamation

Electronic Design

Electronics

Harvard

Business Review

Industrial Research

Instruments and Control

Systems

ISA Journal

Proceedings

of

the IRE

Management Science

ill

SOUTH BEND

•

needs

immediately

ANALOG

COMPUTER

ENGINEER

B S

Mechanical

Engineer,

Aero

En-

gineer,

Physics

M S

preferred.

At

least

three

years

of

experience

in

the

use

of

analog

computers

for

studying

dynamic

problems.

Applica-

tions

are

in

the

field

of

aircraft

and

missile

propulsion

control

systems,

dy-

namics

of

landing

gear

systems,

hy-

draulic

and

pneumatic

devices

and

heat

transfer.

The

computer

facilities

include

a

repetitive

analog,

a

precision

real

time

analog

and

digital

computers.

Salary

commensurate

with

experi-

ence.

Comprehensive

benefit

program

is

offered

including;

moving

and

transportation

allowances,

group

in-

surance,

vacations,

and

tuition

as-

sistance

for

advanced

degrees

at

the

University

of

Notre

Dame.

Call

or

write

immediately

to:

26

John

M.

Evans

Administra

tive

Engineering

Bendix

Products

Division

401

North

Bendix

Drive

South

Bend,

Indiana

Moses

M.

Berlin

Cambridge, Mass.

The

Office

Scientific American

The

purpose

of

this type

of

refer-

ence information

is

to

help

anybody

interested

in

computers find articles

of

particular relation to this field

in

these magazines.

For

each article, we shall publish:

the title

of

the article /

the

name

of

the

author(s)

/ the magazine and

issue where

it

appears /

the

pub-

lisher's name

and

address / two

or

three sentences telling

what

the

article is about.

Building-Block Circuits

for

Transistor-

ized I?igital

Computers

/ C.

J.

Crevel-

ing

and

others, (Staff

Group

of

the

Electronics

Div.),

U.S.

Naval

Res. Lab.,

Washington,

D.C. / Electronic Design,

vol. 7, no. 18, Sept. 2, 1959, P

18

/

Hayden

Pub. Co., Inc., 830

Third

Ave.,

New

York

22,

N.Y.

This

article offers an

aid

to the compu-

ter

design engineer, by

presenting

several

key building-block circuits.

The

circuits

were

originally designed

for

a

unit

com-

puting

at

a 500 kc

rate

with

logic per-

formed

in one micro-second

wide

syn-

chronized pulse

positions;

but

it

can

serve

as

a

guide

for

the design

of

other

computer

systems .

Data

Storage

and

Display

with

Polarized

Phosphors

/

H.

P.

Kallman

and

J.

Ren-

nert,

Physics

Dept.,

Institute

of

Mathe-

matical Sciences,

New

York

University,

New

York

/ Electronics, vol. 32, no.

35, Aug. 28, 1959, P 39 /

McGraw-Hill

Pub.

Co., Inc., 330

West

42 St.,

New

York

36,

N.Y.

Used

in

computers as

well

as

photo-

graphy, a system

known

as

"persistent

internal

polarization"

stores

data

on

a

phosphor.

The

process produces a sep-

aration

of

charges

with

doc

fields

and

ra-

diation, and provides

longer

storage

life

in

the

memory

of

the computer.

Automatic

Programming

in

the

Soviet

Union

/ A.

P.

Ershov, Chief,

Theoreti-

cal

Programming

Dept.,

Computing

Center, Academy

of

Sciences

of

the

USSR; as related

to

E.

J.

Guerin,

Euro-

pean

Editor,

Datamation

/

Datamation,

vol. 5, no. 4, July-August, 1959, P 14

/

Datamation,

10373

W.

Pico

Blvd., Los

Angeles 64, Calif.

This article describes early coding meth-

ods developed

in

Russia

and

applied

to

Soviet computers.

Various

schemes

are

given, and arithmetic, logical readdressing,

restoring

and

double-counting

operators

are included.

Analog-Digital

Converters,

Part

III

/

Electromechanical Design, vol. 3, no. 8,

Aug., 1959,

pp

27-33 / BenwiIl Pub-

lishing

Corp., 1357

Washington

St.,

West

Newton

65, Mass.

The

performance characteristics

of

the

converters are described. Tables

are

giv-

en, which list

the

commercially available

types; however, as is stated

at

the

outset,

the scope

of

the

report

is limited strictly

to converters, excluding digital voltmet-

ers

which

constitute a

particular

class

of

converter

with

visual read-out.

Progress

in

Computers

and

Office Auto-

mation

/

V.

J.

Ford,

Regional

Mgr.,

Electrodata Div.,

Burroughs

Corp., De-

troit

/

Journal

of

Machine

Accounting,

vol. 10, no. 8, Aug., 1959, P

14

/

Na-

tional

Machine

Accountants Assn., 720

Kensington Rd.,

Arlington

Heights,

Ill.

From

the Eniac to today's massive,

high-speed computers,

great

strides have

been

made

in

twelve

years

of

automatic

data processing.

This

article reports on

product

development

An

unusual

opportunity

for

a

man

with

a B.S.

degree

in

Physics

or

Electrical

Engineering

plus

practical experience

in

the

business

machine industry.

An

advanced

degree

in

business

administration

or

industrial

management

is

especially desirable.

Assignments

will

include

determination

of

research

requirements

and

the

evaluation

of

research

programs

in

areas

associated

with

our

present

and

future

products,

encompassing

business machines, systems,

and

EDP

applications.

Summation

and

critical evaluations

of

findings

are

to be

made

for

research

management.

For

further

information

on

this

excellent

opening,

contact

Technical Placement, Section D-5.

The

National

Cash

Register

Company

Dayton

9,

Ohio

COMPUTERS

and

AUTOMATION

for December, 1959

Radar Tracking Computers

MC·5900

Process

Master

Analog

Computer

Some

people

can

prove

man

and

mouse

are

identical

MC·3302

TranSistorIZed

Data

Plotting

Board

It's

all according to

the

points of similarity you choose.

Differences

are

what

really

prove

the

superiority of

man

over mouse.

Computers

have differences, too.

In

fact,

it's

in these diiIercnccs

that

the CSI-

designed MC-S80J obsoletes every

other

Analog Computer.

The

best

proof lies in cold

hard

Specifications

• Exclu!>ive dynamic memory makes automatic iterative solution of

statistical

or

optimization problems a reality.

•

Stable

amplifier

operation

over

the

entire

feed-back

range

from

zero to infinity.

MC·5800

Precision

Master

Analog

Computer

MC·70t

Electronic

Multiplier

Linear

Programming

Computer

• Lowest amplifier

grid-current

<10-[) ampere. •

• Amplifiers provide lowest noise level

output-less

than

one milli-

~

rl\l

'5

X-

~

OlTSc

volt

at

unity

gain.

1'1\.

'""

• Amplifier frequency

response-flat

to 10,000 cps

and

only 3

db

down

at

28 kc.

g Real-time precision @ speeds to 60 solutions/sec.

• Exclusive electronic

generators

of

the

function

of

two-or-more

variables may

be

programmed

at

patch-board in same time

required

for

setup

of single-variable generators.

• Will

program

134 amplifiers, 30 electronic multipliers, 18

diode

function generators, 2 time-delay generators, 8 relay amplifiers,

and

6 servos from one 2128-hole

patchboard.

•

Highest

performance electronic

multiplier-flat

to 10,000 cps

and

only 3 db down

at

20 kc.

• Dynamic memory + high-speed quick-reset rep-op provide

practi.

cal

approach

to solution of simultaneous

partial

differential equations.

• Dynamic memory

with

time-base accuracy of ± 10

}.tsec

provides

automatic

parameter

searching

by

iteration-an

exclusive capability.

• Solution

of

problems

with

up

to 15 amplifiers

in

closed loops.

• Plug-in dynamic components ease maintenance.

• Lowest

computer

cross-talk-rejection

greater

than

2,000 to

l.

• Selection of real-time, expanded-time

or

high-speed compressed-

time

without reprogramming.

• Passive networks stabilized

at

<

laC

above room

ambient

-no

oven

required.

• EVERY

SPECIFICATION

IS

GUARANTEED

TO

BE

TRUE

PEHFOR:\lANCE

STANDARD-IN

SUSTAINED

OPERATION.

• Only diode function

generators

utilizing resistors, potentiometers,

and

diodes of

equal

quality

to those in computing networks.

• Only diode function

generators

with

individual hi-Io

gain

po!>itions

for

each

segment.

• Lowest function

generator

drift

< 5

mv/8

hrs.

• Lowest servo step-function

overshoot-less

than

1%.

• DC

tachometcr

feedback

on

all

servos.

• Complete control

of

all amplifiers, multipliers, dividers,

and

non-

linear

equipment

at

patchboard.

.......,

• Exclusive equipment-door

packaging

for free access an:!

quick

maintenance

without shutdown.

Ell

Insulated

patchboard

prevents costly shorting accidents.

• Power supplies eliminated from

console-lowest,

most

stable

operating

temperatures-rise

<

3°C.

•

Field

expandable

without

mechanical

rework

or

rewiring.

There

are

many

more differences (over a

hundred,

in

fact).

Before

you

buy

or

lease

your

next

analog

computer, compare

them

all

..•

and

we

think

you'll

agree

with

us when we say:

The

MC-5800 obso·

letes every

other

analog

computer

made.

Computer

Systems,

Inc.-designers

and

manufacturers

of

the

high.

e8t precision analog

computers

and

computer

accessories.

--'

~

COMPUTER

SYSTEMS,

INC.,

611

BROADWAY,

NEW

YORK

12..

N.

V

••

SP

7-4018

A

Schlumberger

Subsidiary

•

formerly

Mid-Century

Instrumatic

Corp.

COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for December, 1959 27

28

RCA

...

world leader in electronics

...

is currently

expanding its electronic

data

processing operations

as a result of one of the most significant breakthroughs

in modern

electronics-the

all-transistor RCA 501

system. Already

the

RCA

501

is being talked

about

as

the

world's most efficient electronic

data

processing

system;

its

sales curve is slanting sharply upwards.

If

you have experience in

EDP

sales or technical

services,

and

are ready to step

up

to

more challenging

and

rewarding assignments, investigate

today

the

many

new career openings

at

RCA.

Current

positions,

dealing with medium and large-scale systems, in-

clude

the

following:

EDP

SALES

REPRESENT

ATIVE-

background should

include a thorough systems knowledge and

at

least

one year of field experience with either government

or commercial clients.

EDP

PROGRAMMERS

AND

METHODS

ANAL

YSTS-

local openings for qualified men

to

work closely with

both

customer and sales personnel

in

the

develop-

ment of specific applications, related procedures,

and

programs.

For

a strictly confidential interview with

RCA

man-

agement,

please

send

a

detailed

n3sU'me

of your

back-

ground and personal qualifications

to:

Mr.

E.

C.

Baggett

Professional

&

Administrative

Employment

RCA, Dept.

l-8L

Bldg. 10-1

Camden

2,

N.

J.

(e.

RADIO

CORPORATION

0'

AMERICA

~®

ELECTRONIC

DATA PROCESSING DIVISION

progress

in

the industry

and

reveals some

interesting applications

of

computers.

The

Use of

Univac

in

Processing

and

Analyzing

Origin-Destination

Data

for

the

Washington,

D.C.,

Metropolitan

Area

/

Dr.

E.

E. Blanche,

Chief

Res.

Scientist,

E. E.

Blanche & Associates,

Inc. /

Journal

of Machine Accounting.

vol. 10, no. 8, Aug.,

195/,

P 26 /

NMAA,

720 Kensington Rd., Arling-

ton Hts., Ill.

The

use

of

high-speed computers

hav(;'

made possible the design of systems which

save time and accurately process origin-

destination data.

The

article describes the

operation

of

the

system, giving examples

of actual data processed

by

computer.

Showcase

Your

Computer!

/

E.

Whit-

more

/

Management

and

Business Au-

tomation, vol.

2,

no.

1,

July,

1959,

P

18

/

The

Office Appliance Co., 600

W.

Jackson Blvd., Chicago 6, Ill.

This

article questions the

wisdom

of

executives

who

seem to "soft-pedal" their

company's use of automation,

and

points

to a

large

stock advising firm,

which

at-

tempts to publicize

their

computer

in-

stallation, and informs their customers

and

employees of the benefits to be de-

rived from electronic

data

processing.

Machine

Translation

of

Russian / C.

H.

Johnson,

Editor,

Journal

of

Machine

Accounting /

Journal

of

Machine

Ac-

counting, vol. 10, no. 8, Aug., 1959,

P 100 /

NMAA,

720

Kensington

Rd.,

Arlington

Hts.,

Ill.

The

National

Bureau

of

Standards has

been studying the

problem

of

translating

languages by computer.

This

article de-

scribes a process

which

resulted from

experiments in translation.

The

process

goes beyond

word-to-word

translation,

taking into account grammatical, syn-

tactical and lexicological properties of the

words.

English Abstracts

of

Russian Technical

Journals

/ Publications,

and

Public

In-

formation

Div., Office

of

Technical

Services, U.S.

Dept.

of

Commerce,

Washington

25, D.C. / 1959,

printed,

(5"

by

8"

card

form

on

card

stock),

cost:

see

below

A listing

of

the

numerous

abstracts

available, has been issued by the OTS.

Listed according to subject -aeronautics,

astronomy and mathematics, chemistry

and

chemical engineering, civil engineer-

ing, electrical engineering, fuel and

power, geography and geology, mechani-

cal engineering,

mining

and metallurgy,

physics, science and

technology-general-

single issue

pw

cs

and subscription rates

are given.

Governor's

Island

File

Computer

/ L.

Feidt

/

Computing

News,

vol. 7, no.

16, Aug. 15, 1959,

pp

155-3 / Comput-

ing

News,

P.O.

Box

90424,

Airport

Station, Los Angeles 45, Calif.

Statistical

and

qualification data on

more

than

60,000

people

in the active

First

Army

are

processed by a

computer

located

at

the

New

York

Army

base.

This

COMPUTERS

and

AUTOMATION

for December, 1959

18 K •

~I.W

3301'P

I

I'

IK

; ; .

ELECT.RONIC

ENG:INEERS

•••

PHYSICISTS

•

••

CHEMISTS:

[J[J

fjJ

II

[]

@

[J[J

fjJ

[1

@

f}

f}

/1

ill

3'

CS

[J{f

bJ

[1

[1/1 IXl@[]ixJ@

@[JJ[JJ@f]J

JJ@fXlOJJ

[f11

~

odj

W@@[fl

[}Ol1f1§

The

National Cash Register

Company-a

leader in the application

of

automation

to

business

machines-has

organized its Research

and Development Division to provide ideal

working environments for technically trained

men

and women

of

the

highest calibre. Proj-

ects in progress are

of

an exciting, stimulating

nature . . . for instance, considerable work

is

being done on Encapsulation and thin film

memory and switching components.

Your

training and experience

may

qualify

you

for

a position

in

one

of

these areas:

DATA

PROCESSING

RESEARCH

AND

DEVELOPMENT

Computer

Theory

Computer

Component

Development

Machine

Organization

Studies

High-Speed

Non-Mechanical

Printing

and

Multi-Copy

Methods

Direct

Character

Recognition

Systems Design

ELECTRONIC

ENGINEERING

DEVELOPMENT

High-Speed

Switching

Circuit

Techniques

Random Access

Memory

Systems

Circuit

and

Logical

Design

Advanced

Storage

Concepts

Utilizing

Electron Beams

Microminiaturization

of

Components

and

Circuitry

SOLID

STATE

PHYSICS

Electrodeposited

Magnetic

Films

Vacuum Deposited Thin

Magnetic

Films

Ferrites

and

Ferromagnetics

Electroluminescence-

Photoconductor

Investigations

Advanced

Magnetic

Tape

Studies

NATIONAL'S

NEW

RESEARCH

AND

DEVELOPMENT

Centar

is

located

in

Dayton,

Ohio,

one

of

the

midwest's

most

progressive

cities.

There

are

also

attractive

positions

available

at

our

Electronics Division in

Hawthorne,

California.

.

~OR

COMPLETE

'INFORMATION, simply

send

your

resume

to

Mr.

T.

F.

Wade,

Technical

Placement,

F-3A, The

National

Cash

Register

Company,

Dayton

9,

Ohio.

All

couespondence

will

be

kept

strictly

confidential.

THE!NATIONAL

CASH

REGISTER

COMPANY,

Dayton

9,

Ohio

ONE

OF

THE

WORLD'S

MOST

SUCCESSFUL

CORPORATIONS

1039

OFFICES

IN

121

COUNTRIES. 75

YEARS

OF

HELPING

BUSINESS

SAVE

MONEY

COMPUTERS

and

AUTOMATION for December, 1959

CHEMISTRY

Plastics

and

Polymers

Encapsulation

(A

process for

producing

microscopic capsules

containing

liquids or

reactive

solids)

Photochromic

Materials

(Studies

of

Nationa/-

developed

compounds

which

are

photosensitive

to

specific

wave

lengths

of

light, for

application

to

memory,

printing

and

photocopy

devices)

Magnetic

Coatings

*TRADEMARK

REG.

U.

S.

PAT.

OFF.

VEISATIIE

DATA

PIOCESSING

ADDING

MACHINES

•

CASH

IEGISTEIS

ACCOUNTING

MACHINES

•

NCI

PAPEI

DIVEISlflED

CHEMICAL

PIODUCTS

29

30

wanted:

WAR

GAME

PLAYERS

Very

large-scale

air-battle

digital

computer simulations

are

now going on

at

the

Washington Research

Office

of

tech/ops.

Present

operations

call

for

top-flight

mathematicians,

mathematical

statisticians,

senior

programmers,

operations

research

analysts.

These computer

air

battles

are

stochastic

models which involve design

and

evaluation,

and

development

of

unusual

techniques

for

studying

sensitivity

of

these models

to

input

changes.

Associated

activity

involves design

of

advanced

programming

systems

and

of

common language

carriers

which

are

expected

to

be independent

of

the

first computer

used-the

computer

itself

augmenting

and

improving

the

language

for

use on

later

and

more

sophisticated computers.

If

challenging work,

stimulating

atmosphere,

and

an

opportunity

to

participate

in

an

unusual

company/employee investment

program

interest

you

...

write

or

wire

collect:

Kingsley

S.

An

dersson

..

Technical

Operations,

-'ncorporated

3520

PROSPECT

STREET,

NORTHWEST.

WASHINGTON

7.

D.

C.

*Final

position

in

the

famed

simultaneous

exhibition

at

Pernau,

1910:

Nimzovich

(white)

vs

Ryckhoff

(black).

article describes the functions to be con-

trolled by the computer, and illustrates

the

economy and efficiency of the system.

The

Real

Pushbutton

War

/

M.

Carasso

/

Journal

of

Machine Accounting, vol.

10, no. 7, July, 1959,

pp

7-12 /

Na-

tional Machine Accountants Assn., 720

Kensington Rd.,

Arlington

Hts., Ill.

Computers which have decision-making

ability, will be used to control

the

mobil-

ization

of

the U.S.,

if

the

"cold"

war

be-

comes

"hot."

Electronic data prf'':essing

will

perform

a mass of calculations' to di-

rect industry

in

the mobilization. This

article describes a number of computer

systems which are performing fun'ctions

similar to the wartime operation. A hy-

pothetical control system is

discussed-

"MADCAP",

or, Mobilization

An~lyzer

for Determination and Control

of

Alloca-

tions and Priorities.

GE's 704-709 Provides a Dynamic Com-

puter

Approach to Business Measure-

ments / A. Keller, Mgr., Operations

Research

and

Synthesis,

General

Elec-

trk

/

Journal

of

Machine Accounting,

vol. 10, no. 7, July, 1959, p' -17 /

NMAA,

720 Kensington Rd.,

Ading-

ton Hts., Ill.

This article discusses a 704/709 com-

puter

program

aimed at an integrated

solution to the total business numbers

Problem

in

General Electric's Medium

Steam Turbine, Generator, and

Gear

Dept.

The

system

will

be

used

for

sched-

uling, ordering, accounting, engineering

design calculations, and payrolls, among

other

applications.

The

article inCludes

examples

of

information which

the

com-

puter

furnishes.

Developing

Mathematical Models

for

Computer

Control/Dr.

D.

B. Bran-

don,

Thompson

-

RamO'

-

Wooldridge

Prods. Co., Los Angeles, Calif. / ISA

Journal,

'VQoI.

6,

nO'.

7, July, 1959,

P,

70

/

Instrument

Society

of

Americi;- _ 313

Sixth Ave.,

Pittsburgh

22, Pa. "

ThIS

paper

describes a method which

has been successfully used

in

designing

mathematical models used

in

the

develop-

ment

of

computer control systems

for

pro-

cesses.

The

paper emphasizes the inter-

esting fact

that

the required equations

can be written for many incompletely un-

derstood processes. -

"Fortransit," A Universal Automatic Cod-

ing

System for the

IBM

650 / B. C.

Borden, Applied Science Representative,

IBM

/

Journal

of

Machine Accounting,

vol. 10, no. 7, P 44 /

NMAA,

720 Kens-

ington

Rd.,

Arlington

Hts., Ill.

This

paper

deals

with

automatic pro-

gramming

in

general, defining a

number

of terms which are used

in

the

"Fortran-

sit" system.

It

includes

as

well, a review

of

"Fortran,"

and an introduction to

"Fortransit," the automatic coding sys-

tem for the

IBM

650.

It

is

hoped

that

the new system

will

eliminate many de-

lays

that

present

programming

methods

cause.

COMPUTERS and

AUTOMATION

for December, 1959

WHO'S

WHO

IN

THE

COMPUTER

FIELD

(Supplement)

A full entry

in

the "Who's

Who

in

the Computer Field" consists

of:

name / title, organization, address

/ interests

(the

capital letters of the

abbreviations are the initial letters

of

Applications, Business, Construc-

tion, Design,

Electronics,

Logic,

Mathematics, Programming, Sales) /

year

of

birth, college or last school

(background), year

of

entering the

computer field, occupation / other

information such

as

distinctions,

publications, etc. An absence

of

in-

formation

is

indicated by -(hy-

phen).

Other

abbreviations are used

which may be easily guessed like

those

in

the telephone book.

Every now and then a group

of

completed

Who's

Who

entry forms

come

in

to us together from a single

organization. This

is

a considerable

help to a compiler, and we thank the

people

who

are

kind

enough to ar-

range this.

In

such cases, the organ-

ization and the address are repre-

sented by . . . (three dots).

Following are several sets

of

such

Who's

Who

entries.

Burroughs

Corp.,

ElectroData

Div.,

460

Sierra

Madre

Villa,

Pasadena, Calif.

Brown, Leland W / Electronic Engr,

...

/ A, punched card

perif

equip / '22,

Univ

of

Ark,

'50,

engr

Canova, G M / Assoc Engr,

...

/

ADEL

/

'3D,

CIT,

'54, electronic

engr

/ Re-

search Asst, E E

Dept,

Caltech '58-59

Lindley, P L /

Mgr,

Spec Products

Engrg

Sec,

...

/

ACDEL

/ '22,

Ohio

Wes-

leyan Univ,

Purdue

Univ, '47, elec-

tronic

engr

/ M.S. Thesis "Magnetic

Recording

for

Digital

Compr

Memory,"

Member

Sigma

Xi,

RESA

Reaction

Motors

Div.,

Thiokol

Chemical

Corp.,

Ford

Rd., Denville,

N.J.

Behar,

Joseph

/ Sr

Prgmr,

...

/

ALMP

/ '32,

CCNY,

NY

Univ, '57,

apld

mathn

Morrill,

Duncan

E / Supv,

Compr

Aplns

Unit,

...

/

AMP

/ '28,

Univ

of

Miss,

'54,

mathn

Robinson, Richard /

Jr

Prgmr,

...

/

AMP

/ '34,

Farleigh

Dickinson Univ,

'58,

mathn

Shell

Oil

Co.,

Midland

Area,

PO

Box

1509,

Midland,

Texas

Anstine,

1.

Paul

/

prgmr,

...

/

ABP

/

'25, Hastings ColI, '57, data

procg

accnt

Bailey,

Joe

A /

prgmr,

...

/ ALMP /

-,

Texas Univ, - , systems analyst

Fragapane, Lou C /

prgmr,

...

/

ABMP

/

'3~,

Pitt,

Penn

State, '56, mathn

Gant,

William

T / Chief,

Data

Processor,

. . . /

ABDELMP

/ '27,

Okla

State,

'51, data

procg

Hutto,

J.

Merrell

/ Supt

of

Machines,

·

..

/

ABP

/ '20,

Hardin

Simmons, '58,

machine

operator

Romberg, F.

Arnold

/ prgmr,

...

/

ABDLMP

/ '34, Rice, Harvard, '57,

mathn

Shaner,

Douthea

E /

prgmr,

...

/ ALP

/ '34, Texas Christian Univ, '57,

prgmr

Thompson,

Warren

L / prgmr, . . . /

AMP

/ '19, L S U, '54, analyst

Tool,

Myrtle

A /

prgmr,

...

/

AIMP

/

'29, Central State,

Okla

Univ, '57,

mathn

Wagner,

Harry

H /

prgmr,

...

/ ABP /

'24,

Univ

of

Nebr,

'53, data

proc

accnt

Rechenzentrum

der

Rhein, Westf. Techni-

schen Hochschule, Kramerstrasse 20-34,

Aachen, Germany

Haupt,

Dieter

/ Diplom-Mathematiker,

•

..

/

ACLMP

/ '28, Rheinisch-West-

falische Technische Hochschule Aachen,

'56,

math

prgmg

Moeskes,

Max

/ Diplom-Ingenieur,

...

/

ACDELMP

/

'3~,

Rheinisch-Westf1il-

ische Technische Hochschule Aachen,

'57, devt, prgmg, math

Bryant

Computer

Products

Division, P.O.

Box

620,

Springfield, V t.

Ashbridge,

Jr,

G

Harry

/ Mgr,

Prod

Plan-

ning,

...

/ ABES / '29, III

lnst

of

Tech, '55, electronics engr-bus

mgr

/

Triangle,

RESA

Casey, James P / Asst Sales

Mgr,

...

/

S / '28,

Brown

Univ, '58, sales

engr

Cheney,

George

D / design engr, . . . I

D /

'3D,

MIT,

mech

engr

Foley,

Tim

/

Western

Sales Mgr,

...

/

S / '28, Seton

Hall

Univ, '50, sales

engr

Forand,

Joseph

/ Sales Engr,

...

/

BS

/

'29,

Norwich

Univ, '58, sales

engr

Foster,

Theodore

C / Electronic Compon-

ents

Dept

Foreman,

...

/ A,

mfg

/ '33,

Northeastern

Univ, '56,

ind

engr

Francois, Alex C / Circuit Designer,

...

/

DEL

/

'26,

Fairleigh Dickinson Univ,

-,

electronic

engr

Karpin,

Jay

H /

Devt

Engr,

...

/ D /

'24, I.C.S., '58, tool

engr

Lohan,

Frank

J / Sr

Devt

Engr, . . . /

ELM / '29,

Drexel

Inst

of

Techn, '50,

devt

engr

Mitchell,

Darrell

L / Supv

of

Engrg

Stds & Design,

...

/ D /

'22,

Univ

of

N.H.,

'55, mech

engr

Pozner, W S /

Prodn

Mgr,

...

/ C / '18,

Pratt

Inst, '55,

mfg

engr

Q~ick,

Lloyd S / Supv of Assy & Test,

· . . / Assy & testing of memory sys-

tems / '32, Cornell Univ, '57, mechl

engr

Ripley,

Merton

L / Chief Designer,

...

/ D / '29,

Dunwoody

Inst, '56, designer

Ramon, Ray J /

Midwest

Sales Mgr, . . .

/ ADELS / '24,

Northwestern

Univ,

, 47, component design; sales

Smith,

Joseph

E /

Genl

Mgr,

...

/

ABCDS, electro-mech & magnetic

mem-'

ory systems, electro-mechl

peripheral

eqpm / '21, Lehigh Univ; '55,

mngt

/

several patents

on

electro-mechl file

Smith, Prentiss L / Sales

Mgr,

...

/

ABDES / '22,

Norwich

Univ, '56, sales

Spahr, J.

Alan

/ Sales Engr,

...

/

AS

/

'34,

MIT,

'57, sales

engr

Stover, Richard A / Chief Engr,

...

/

comp design / '29, Utiiv of Maine, '56,

mechl

engr

COMPUTERS

and

AUTOMATION

for December, 1959

and

at

tech/Ops'

Monterey

Research

Office,

in

California, equally

interesting

and

challenging work

developing computer

applications

for

planning, feasibility

testing,

and

real'

time

control of operational

and

logistical problems

(for

the

Navy

and

industry)

...

Here, too,

tech/ops

needs

scientists who habitually

seek original

thought

patterns,

and

who

respond

to

challenge. -

The

over-all Company

policies

in

the

areas

of

fringe

benefits

and

profit-sharing plans

are

unique.

If

challenge and

reward

appeal to you

...

write

or

wire

collect:

Harold

E.

Kren

Technical

Operations,

Incorporate:........

~

305

WEBSTER

STREET

MONTEREY,

CALIFORNIA

31

.,,'1

32

_.~(W~.~'"

TIID·

~

~

(ffi

~

"',

,;

,"I

:t".

I 'I

'~;,

I

~,

,',

,

~~

A rush. project to imple-

ment a high speed digital

data

handling

or

comput-

int

system.

~~

Standard T-PAC digital

modules by Computer

Con-

trol. .

~.

Transistorized -compact

-plug-in modules -etched .

. circuits -taper· pin solder-

lesa

connee.tors

-

one

~egacy~le

. rep.etition rate'

-

standard

waveform

throUghout -reliable -no

external-to -

the

-package

coupling

components -

fully guaranteed -

Write

for

product

catalop

SCHIDUU

"MfSAVfftS:

With T·PACs you

go

directly from

your

logical

design

to

system

wiring.

Wiring is

rapid,

reliable,

and

permanent,

yet,

is

easy

to

modify

at

any

time.

System

debugging

is routine,

thanks

to

standard

logical

elements

and

standard

waveforms.

~

~

~

Il:ft:a,

813

C::ON.C;:ORD

STREET

--..

FRAMINGILUI

.•.

)"~~

waTERN

DIVISION

2251

IMftRY

AVENUE.

•

LOS

ANGELES

..

• MASSACHUSETTs

•

CALIFORNIA

NEW

PATENTS

RAYMOND

R. SKOLNICK

I)

Reg.

Patent

Agent .

tl~;

Ford

Inst. Co.,

Div.

of

Sperry

Rand

Corp.

Long

Island City 1,

New

York

THE

fol1owin~

i~

a compilation

of

patents pertalrung to computers

and associated equipment

from

the

"Official Gazette

of

the United

States

Patent

Office," dates

of

issue

as

indicated. Each entry consists

of:

patent number / inventor (s) /

as-

signee / invention. Printed copies

of

patents may be obtained

from

the

U.S. Commissioner

of

Patents, Wash-

ington

25, D.C., at a cost

of

25

cents each.

June

2, 1959

(cont'd):

2,889,543 / Erich Block, Poughkeepsie,

N.Y.

and RDbert

C.

Paulsen, Boonton,

N.J.

/

International

Business Machines

Corp.,

New

York,

N.Y.

/ A magnetic

not

or

circuit.

June

9, 1959: 2,890,439 / Raymond Bird,

Letchworth, and Brian Taylor,

Wilt-

shire, Eng. /

The

British

Tabulating

Machine Co., Lim., London, Eng. / A

data storage apparatus made

up

of

a

matrix

of

storage devices.

2,890,441 / Simon

Duinker,

Eindhoven,

Netherlands

/

North

American Philips

Co., Inc.,

New

York,

N.Y.

/ A mag-

netic memory Device.

June

16,

1959:

2,890,829 /

J.

R. Logan,

Norristown,

Pa. / Sperry Rand Corp.,

a corp.

of

Del.

/ A logical binary Pow-

ering circuit.

2,890,830 /

W.

Letchworth, Eng. /

The

British

Tabulating

Machine Co., Lim.,

London, Eng. /

An

electronic

adder

ap-

paratus

with

sum radix correction

means.

2,890,831 /

Ralph

Townsend, Letchworth,

Eng. /

The

British

Tabulating

Ma-

chine Co., Lim., London, Eng. / A

serial

adder

with

radix correction.

2,891,237 / Robert L. Sink, Altadena,

and Glyn A. Neff, Pasadena, Calif. /

A data processing apparatus.

2,891,238 /

David

L. Nettleton, Haddon-

ville,

N.J.

/ Radio Corp. of America, a

corp.

of

Del. / A memory system.

June

23, 1959: 2,891,723 / Edward A.

Newman, Teddington,

Donald

W.

Davies, Southsea,

and

David

O. Clay-

den, Heston, Eng. /

National

Research

Development

Corp., London, Eng. / A

programmed

control means for data

transfer apparatus.

2,891,724/

Otto

P. Fuchs, Haverford, Pa.,

and

Horst

Kottas, Vienna, Austria /

---

/

An

automatic apparatus for

transforming statistical

or

stochastical

functions.

2,891,725 /

Irwin

S.

Blumenthal, Manhat-

tan Beach, Ross

M.

Chiles and Chester

W.

Larsen, Jr., Inglewood, and Ken-

neth

M.

Stevenson, Jr., Palos Verdes,

Calif. /

Northrop

Corp.,

Hawthorne,

Calif. / A reset integrator.

COMPUTERS

and

AUTOMATION

for December, 1959

2,891,726

I Richard O. Decker, Murrys-

ville,

and

Kan

Chen,

Wilkinsburg,

Pa.

I

Westinghouse

Electric Corp., East

Pittsburgh,

Pa. I I A

four

quadrant

analog

multiplier

circuit.

2,891,727

I

Paul

Kaufman, Deal,

N.J.

I

---

I

An

analogue device

for

com-

puting

the

numerical value of the

standard

deviation

of

a

given

set of nu-

merical values.

2,891,728

I

Nick

A. Schuster, Ridgefield,

Conn. I Schlumberger

Well

Surveying

Corp.,

Houston,

Tex. I

An

electronic

computing

apparatus

for

computing

a

root

or

a

power

of

the

ratio

of

two

quantities.

2,892,084

I

Dwight

D.

Wilcox,

Jr., Los

Altos, Calif. I U.S.A. as represented by

the Sec.

of

the

Navy

I A pulse

gating

circuit.

2,892,103

I Alfred

D.

Scarborough, Los

Angeles, Calif. I

Thompson

Ramo

Wooldridge,

Inc., Cleveland,

Ohio

I

Gating

circuits

for

electronic compu-

ters.

2,<892,147 I

Morton

W.

Bell,

Monrovia,

Calif. I Consolidated Electro-dynamics

Corp., Pasadena, Calif. I A digital-to-

analog

converter.

June

30, 1959: 2,892,587 I

John

V.

Blankenbaker, Los Angeles, Calif. I

Hughes

Aircraft

Co., a corp.

of

Del.

I

An

arithmetic

unit

for

performing

an

operation

of

addition

or

subtraction

upon

binary-coded decimal numbers

represented by electrical

input

signals.

2,892,588

I Frederic

C.

Williams,

Tim-

perley,

Tom

Kilburn,

Davyhulme, Man-

chester,

and

Arthur

A. Robinson, Scun-

thorpe, Eng. I

International

Business

Machines Corp.,

New

York,

N.Y.

I A

multiplying

arrangement

for

digital

computing

machines.

2,892,589

I Robert

T.

Blakely,

Pough-

keepsie,

N.Y.

and

Dorval

C. Sprong,

Long

Beach, Calif. I

An

electronic ac-

cumulator.

2,892,590

I

Joseph

R. Esher, Jr., Schen-

ectady,

N.Y.

I General Electric Co., a

corp.

of

N.Y.

I

An

apparatus

for

gen-

erating

a

trigonometric

function

and

multiplying

by a D.C. voltage.

July

7, 1959: 2,893,636 I

Herman

D.

Parks, Schenectady,

N.Y.

I

General

Electric Company, a corp.

of

N.Y.

I

A

network

for

effecting mathematical

multiplication.

2,894,151

I Louis A. Rusell, Poughkeep-

sie,

N.Y.

I

International

Business Ma-

chines Corp.,

New

York,

N.Y.

I A

magnetic core

inverter

circuit.

2,894,253

I Lawrence

R.

Peaslee

and

Mur-

ray Rosenblatt,

Waynesboro,

Va. I

General

Electric Co., a corp.

of

N.Y.

I A selsyn exciter

for

positioning

pro-

gramming

control systems.

2,894,254

I Raymond P. Mock,

Needham

Heights, Mass. I Raytheon Co., a corp.

of

Del.

I A conversion

of

binary

coded

information

to pulse

pattern

form.

July

14, 1959: 2,894,686 I

Thomas

G.

Holmes, Melbourne, Fla. I

---

I A

binary coded decimal to

binary

number

converter.

2,<895,124 I Ben A.

Harris,

Rochester,

N.Y.

I

General

Dynamics Corp., Ro-

chester,

N.Y.

I A magnetic core data

storage

and

readout

device.

There's

no question about

it-if

there

were

a dropout

in

this

inch of

tape

it

could cost you plenty.

That's

why

our

custom-

ers

invariably

demand perfection

from

our

EP

Audiotape

-the

extra precision magnetic recording

tape

for

computers,

automation, telemetry

and

seismography.

Audio Devices'

battery

of

Automatic Certifiers is one

of

the

unique means used

to

make

sure

EP

Audiotape always

meets customers specifications. The Automatic Certifier re-

cords

and

plays back every inch of

the

EP

Audiotape

under

test. These

tests

can be so demanding

that

if

the

tape

fails

to

reproduce

just

one

test

pulse out

of

the

40 million

put

on a

single reel,

the

entire

reel is rejected.

There

are

no if's, and's,

or

but's.

This is

just

one

of

many

special quality-control opera-

tions.

From

raw

material

to

hermetically sealed containers,

every reel

of

EP

Audiotape gets individual attention.

For

more

information

write

for

free

Bulletin

Tl12A.

Write

Dept. TL, Audio Devices, Inc., 444 Madison Avenue,

New

York

22,

N.Y.

TYPE

[§[?

ALIDID

DEVICES,

INC.

444

Madison Ave.,

N.

Y.

22,

N.

Y.

In Hollywood;

840

N.

Fairfax

Ave.

In Chicago:

5428

Milwaukee

Ave.

Export Dept.:

13

East 40th St.,

N.

Y., 16 .

Rectifier Division:

620

E.

Dyer Rd.,

Santa

Ana,

Calif.

COMPUTERS

and

AUTOMATION

for December, 1959

33

July

21, 1959:

~,895,671

/ Andrew St.

Johnston, Buntingford, Eng. / Interna-

tional Business Machines Corp.,

New

York,

N.Y.

/ An electronic digital

computing machine.

2,895,672 /

Arthur

H. Dickinson, Green-

wich, Conn. / International Business

Machines Corp.,

New

York,

N.Y.

/

An electronic multiplying system.

2,895,673 / Frederic

C.

Williams, Romi-

ley, Eng. /

National

Research Develop-

ment Corp., London, Eng. / A transistor

binary adder.

2,895,783 / Samuel G. Cohen, Ossining,

N.Y.

/ General Precision Lab., Inc., a

corp.

of

N.Y. / A data correlator for

correlating

by

serial numbering two

data recorders emitting graphic and

punched card records respectively

of

identical data.

2,896,193 / Richard

C.

Herrmann, Chica-

go, Ill. / Zenith Radio Corp.; a corp.

of

Del. / A magnetic memory storage

apparatus.

2,896,198 / Robert,

R.

Bennett, Los An-

geles, Calif. / Hughes Aircraft Co., a

corp. of Qel. /

An

electrical analog-to-

digital converter.

July

28, 1959: 2,897,355 /

Arnold

Lesti,

Arlington, Va. / International Standard

Electric Corp.,

New

York,

N.Y.

/ A

diode coincidence gate.

2,897,380 / Carl Neitzert, Morris County,

N.].

/ General Time Corp.,

New

York,

N.Y. / A magnetic pulse counting and

forming circuit.

2,897,480 /

Tom

T. Kumagai,

West

Los

Angeles, Calif. / Hughes Aircraft Co.,

Culver City, Calif. / An

error

detecting

system.

2,897,482 /

Milton

Rosenberg, Santa Mon-

ica, Calif. / Telemeter Magnetics, Inc.,

a corp. of Calif. / A magnetic core

memory system.

2,897,486 / Matthew A. Alexander and

Raymond Stuart-Williams, Pacific Pali-

sades, Calif. / Telemeter Magnetics,

Inc., a corp. of Calif. / An analog-to-

digital conversion system.

August 4, 1959: 2,898,040 / Floyd G.

Steele, La Jolla, Calif. /

Digital

Con-

trol Systems, Inc., a corp.

of

Calif. /

A computer and indicator system.

2,898,041 /

Hubert

].

Crawley, Becken-

ham, and Christopher Stracheg, London,

Eng. / International Business Machines

Corp.,

New

York, N.Y. /

An

instruc-

tion modifier means for electronic digi-

tal computing machines.

2,898,043 / Robert A. Mathias, Pitts-

burgh, and Leo A. Finzi, Irwin, Pa. /

U.S.A. as represented by

the

Sec.

of

the Navy /

An

electronic circuit

for

performing analytic operations.

2,898,460 / Morris

J.

Taubenslag and Ed-

ward

G. May, Baltimore, Md. / U.S.A.

as

represel,?-ted

by the Sec. of the Navy

/ A D.C. Discriminator

gating

circuit.

2,898,578 / Floyd G. Steele, La Jolla,

Calif. /

Digital

Control Systems, Inc.,

La Jolla, Calif. / A magnetic reading

device for selectively passing an ap-

plied timing signal to either a first

or

second

output

terminal, respectively.

August 11, 1959: 2,899,133 /

John

G.

Tryon, Chatham,

N.J.

/ Bell Telephone

Laboratories, Inc.,

New

York,

N.Y.

/

A serial binary computing circuit for

adding

or

subtracting two binary num-

bers

in

which the digits

of

the

numbers

appear successively spaced by a prede-

termined time period.

2,899,134 / Yves Rocard\ Paris, Fr. I

Compagnie Generale de Telegraphie

DIGITAL

ANALYST

To

logically design,

evaluate and select digital

computers

for

inertial

guidance and surveillance

systems programs. Experience

desired in digital systems

analysis, logical systems

design, Z transform analysis

of

digital servo loops and

digital computer

error

analysis.

To

arrange interview call

collect,

Niagara

Falls

BUtler 5-7851,

or

send

resume to:

Supervisor Engineering

Employment I

BELL

AIRCRAFT

CORPORATION

BUFFALO 5, NEW

YORK

Sans Fil, a corp.

of

Fr. /

An

electrical

analog computing system for solving

ordinary and partial non-linear differ-

ential equations.

A D V E

.R'

TIS

I N G

IN

D E X

Following is the index

of

advertisements. Each

item

contains:

Name

and

address

of

the

advertiser / page

number

where

the

advertisement appears / name

of

agency

if

any.

Ampex Corp., Instrumentation Div., 934 Charter St.,

Redwood City, Calif. / Page

5/

McCarn Erickson, Inc.

Audio Devices, Inc., 444 Madison Ave.,

New

York

22,

N.Y.

/ Page

33

/ Marsteller, Rickard, Gebhardt &

Reed, Inc. '

Bell Aircraft Corp., Buffalo,

N.Y.

/ Page 34 /

The

Rumrill Co., Inc.

Bendix

Aviation'

Corp., Computer Div., 5630 Arbor

Vitae St.,

los

Angeles, Calif. / Page

35

/ Shaw Ad-

vertising Inc.

Bendix Products Div., 401

No.

Bendix Dr.,

So.

Bend.,

Ind. / Page 26 / MacManus,

John

& Adams, Inc.

Broadview Reesarch Corp., 1811 Trousdale Dr., Bur-

lingame, Calif. / Page

24

/

1.

C.

Cole Co., Inc.

Computer Control Co., 983 Concord St., Framingham,

Mass. / Page

32

/ Briant Advertising

Computer Systems, Inc.,

611

Broadway,

New

York

12,

N.Y.

/ Page

27

/ Smith, Winters, Mabuchi, Inc.

Hughes Products, Industrial Systems Div., International

Airport

Station,

los

Angeles 45, Calif. / Page

25

/

Foote, Cone & Belding

34

Information Systems, Inc., 7350

No.

Ridgeway, Skokie,

Ill. / Page

22

/ A.

N.

Baker Advertising Agency, Inc.

The

Mitre

Corp., 244

Wood

St.,

lexington

73, Mass. /

Page 2 / Deutsch & Shea, Inc. '

National Cash Register Co.,

Dayton

9, Ohio / Pages 26,

29 / McCann Erickson, Inc.

Philco Corp., Government & Industrial Div., 4700 Wis-

sahickon Ave., Philadelphia 44, Pa. / Page 3 / Max-

well Associates, Inc.

Radio Corp.

of

America, Semiconductor and Materials

Div., Somerville,

N.J.

/ Pages 7, 36 /

Al

Paul Lefton

Co., Inc.

The

Ramo

Wooldridge

laboratories; 8433 Fallbrook

Ave., Canoga Park, Calif. / Page

21

/

The

McCarty

Co.

Space Technology laboratories, Inc., P.O. Box 95004,

los

Angeles 45, Calif. / Page

23

/ Gaynor &

Ducas, Inc.

Technical Operations, Inc., 3520 Prospect St.,

N.W.,

Washington

7, D.C. / Page 30 / Dawson

Macleod

& Stivers

Technical Operations, Inc.,

305

W.

ebster St., Monterey,

Calif. / Page

31

/ Dawson

Macl~od

& Stivers

COMPUTERS and'

AUTOMATION

for December, 1959

"Our

detailed

analysis

proved

the

Bend'ix

6-15

comp'uter

the

sou

ndest

'

purc;hase.

Here's

'why"

ROBERT

C.

MEISSNER,

"RESIDENT.

MEISSNER

ENGINEERS.

INC.

CHICAGO.

IlliNOIS

Over

200

firms

are

enthusiastic users of the Bendix

G-15

computer. Many, like the consult-

ing

engineering firm of Meissner Engineers, Inc.,

are

involved in the heavy construction

industry. Before purchasing, Meissner meticulously studied all medium- scale computers.

"Only the

G-15

gives'us the speed, expandability, price: and ease

of

operation we require,"

says Mr. Meissner.

Mr. Meissner continues:

II

.,

Speed:

"The

G-15

is

faster

than

other

com-

puters

in

its

price range, and

for

many

problems gives

us

the

answers we need

in

less

than

1 %

of

the

time required

by

manual methods."

Expandability:

"The

variety

of accessories

for

the

G-15 is a

very

important

feature.

As we developed and, expanded

our

ap-

plications, we added magnetic tape units,

punched

card

equipment,

and

other

special acces-

sories."

Ease

of

Operation:

"Our

en-

gineers find

the

G-15

Inter-

com

1000

programming

system

easy

to

master.

It

permits

them

to

write

ver-

satile

programs

which can

handle practically all

of

our

problems."

COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for

Deceq;tber,

1959

The

G-15 is

the

leader

in

its

field

for

many

'I

other

reasons

as

weI!: A price much lower

'than

any

other

medIum-scale computer, a

built -in, magazine -loaded photoelectric

paper

tape

reader, and

tape

punch

as

standard

equipment,

an

active

user's

group

that

shares

hundreds of proven programs,

and

fast,

nationwide service.

G-15's

are

being applied successfully in a

great

many

fields -business

data

pro-

cessing, scientific

and

engineering calcula-

tions.

Write

us

your

specific problems.

",/u,;,;;;f~

,

:'/"<,~'

]

'W'w

o~

',o~,~Qm~Q~e~':l

o:,J

DIVISION

OF

BENDIX

AVIATION

CORPORATION

;',

DEPT.

0-17

LOS

ANGELES

45,

CALIFORNIA

35

Ma

xi

mum

Rat

i

ng

s-

Ab

solu

te

-Maxim um V

alu

es

RCA

T

ransistor

Dis

s

ipotion

Collecto

r-

Col

l

ector-

Emitter-

TYPE

Collector

Mi

lliwatts

to

-Bose

to

-

Emitter

to-Base

Mo.

Vo

lts Va lls

Vo

lts

at

25

ce

at

55

0e

2

N1

3

00

-13 - 12

-1

-100

1

50

75

2N13

01

- 13 -

12

- 4

-100

1

50

75

AF

or

collector

rna

==

-10

and

col

l

ector-ta-emitter

volts = - 3

R

CA

's G

er

m

an

ium

P-

N-

P

Mesa

T

rans

i

stors

2N1300 a

nd

2N1301 c,ombine

l

ow

-cost

and

qu

an

ti

ty

availa

bil

ity

wi

th th

ese

ma

j

or

be

nefits

for

des

i

gne

rs

of

sw

i

tch

i

ng

c

ircuits:

•

high

power

dissipation-150

milliwatts

maximum

at

25

°C,

75

milliwatts

maxi-

mum

at

55

°C

•

fast

switching

times-made

possible

by

high

frequency

response

and

low

tota

l

stored

charge

•

rugged

M

esa

struct

u

re-with

an

ex

-

treme

ly

small

base

width

to

insure

top

performance

at

high

frequencies

•

high

current

transfer

ratio-permits

high

fanout

ratios

(number

of

paralleled

similar

circuits

per

dri

v

er-stage

ou

tpu

t)

•

high

breakdown-voltage

and

punch-

through

voltage

ratings-result

of

the

diffusion

process

•

high

current

ratings-improves

overall

system

speed

•

especially

well

su

ited

for

use

at

pulse

repetition

rates

up

to

10

Mc

•

rugged

overall

design-un

i

ts

have

un-

usual

capabilities

to

withstand

severe

.

drop

tests

and

electrical

overloads

•

electrica

l

uniformity-a

resJlt

of

the

diffused-j

unction

process

US

f.,

r1

1:Jy

RCA

in

the

manufacture

of

Mesa

'

.1

'r

.;

istors

Cha ra c

ter

istics: C

ommon-Em

i

tt

er Circuit,

B

ase

Inp

u

t-

Ambie

nt

Te

mp

e

ratur

e=

2

So

C

Minimum

DC

Current

Gain-

Tr

an

s

fer

Ratio

Bandwidth

Pr

oduct

"

at

(ollector

at

collec

t

or

at

71

0e rna

==

-10 rna

==

-

40

Me

35

35

.'

~.,

.

30

-

40

30

40

60

Contact

yo

ur

RCA

Field

Representa

-

tive

for

prices

and

delivery

.

For

tech-

nical

data

,

see

your

HB-

lO

Semicon-

ductor

Products

Handbook

,

or

write

RCA

Commercial

Engineering

, Sec-

tion L-90-

NN

,

Somerville

, N. J .

aCA

F

IELD

OfF

ICES

Eo." 744 Broad St.. N

ew

ark.

N.

J.

HUmboldt 5·3900

Horth

....

"

64

"

A"

Stree

t.

Ne

edha m H

eights

94. Ma

ss

.

H

illcre

st 4-7200

f o

.tCenlroh

714

New

Cente

r Bldg

.•

De troit

2.

Mich.

TR

inity 5-5600

Central,

Suite

11

54,

Me

rc

han

dise

M

art

Pl

az

a,

Ch i

cago

54

. III .•

WH

it

ehal

l 4-2900

W

••

, . 6355 E.

Was

hin

gto

n Blvd

.•

Los

Angeles

22. C

ali

f.. RAymond 3-8361

Goy',! 224

N.

Wilkinso

n Str

ee

t, Dayt

on,

Ohio

BA

ldw

in

6-2366

1625

"K

"

Stree

t.

N.W

.• Washing ton. D.C.

District 7-1260

ALSO

AVAILA

B

LE

THROUGH

YOUR

LOCA

L

RCA

S

EMICONDUCTOR

DISTRIBUTOR

.