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August, 1967

CD
Computer Art Contest: First Prize

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-and he ordered it yesterday, ~
an American Hospital Supply Cc
ration warehouse 300 miles a
He gets same-day service on 25
different supply items, because
System Data-Phone* service
his hospital to the warehouse
regular telephone lines. Prepuni
cards containing order inform,
are fed into card readers conne
to Data-Phone sets which tran
the information from the hOSI
*Service mark

=-or more information, call your
III Telephone Business Office and
k for a talk with one of our Com.Jnications Consultants. And don't
sitate to call us early-because
:3t way we can serve you best.
Nhen you work with data commu:ations, work with the Bell System.

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The DATA/620-1 integrated circuit computer is the newest
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DATA/620-1 fills the gap between general purpose and special
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problems previously considered too difficult or expensive
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Designed for faster problem solution the DATA/620-1 has a
bigger instruction set, integrated circuit reliability, is smaller,
has one-half the components, and costs less than any
computer in its class.
DATA/620-1 comes complete with software, field-proven and
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Extremely compact, the DATA/620-1
requires only 10" of 19" rack space.
It's available with memory modUles
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Price: $13,900 with 4096 words of
16 bit memory, including
ASR 33 teletype. Please write.

~varian data machines
~a varian subsidiary
Formerly Decision Control, Inc.
Designate No. 9 on Reader Service Card

1590 Monrovia Ave., Newport Beach, Calif. (714) 646-9371

Like to
get rid of
data goof-ups
caused by those spots
before your eyes?

You can with a
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THE LITTLE HOLES IN PUNCHmost data processing up to now.
CARDS NEEDNrT HIDE MISTAKES
A 915 system immediately imANY LONGER. OUR 915 CHARAC- proves the accuracy of input fed to
TER-RECOGNITION SYSTEM USES
your computer. And your business
forms can easily be adapted for
THE ~YPEFACE YOU ARE NOW
READING ••• AND READS IT
direct input. Just type them on the
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electric typewriter you equip with
This means you can get rid of
error-prone key punching. You can
eliminate the tedious, slow, expensive method that has dominated

this font. The change is that simple.
915 reads alphabet characters A
to Z; numeric characters 0 through
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tions. Takes documents 4 to 12
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Ask for a demonstration. Or write
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CONTROL DATA
CORPORATION

8100 34th AVE. SOUTH, MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA 55440

The front cover shows the first prize
in the 1967 Computer Art Contest.
For more information and additional
computer art, see page 8.

AUGUST, 1967 Vol. 16, No.8

c&a problem corner
by Walter Penney, C.D.P.

across the editor's desk
Computing and Data Processing Newsletter

new contracts

new installations

computer census

books and other publications

new patents
by Raymond R. Skolnick

. 58
58

calendar of coming events
advertising index
editor and publisher
Edmund C. Berkeley

assistant editors
Moses M. Berlin, Charlene J. Hofer, Linda
Ladd Lovett, Neil D. MacDonald

SPECIAL FEATURE:
)1
ANNUAL COMPUTER ART CONTEST
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THE FIFTH ANNUAL COMPUTER ART CONTEST OF "COMPUTERS AND AUTOMATION'"
Sine Curve Man, 1967
Charles Csuri and James Shaffer
Girl - and Girl Shook Up
L. Mezei
Picture of an Old Woman
Charles Csuri and James Shaffer
Seeing Stars
Petar Milojevic
Boxes
Darel Eschbach
Man and His World
Stanley Vanderbeek and Kenneth Knowlton
Chaos to Order
Charles Csuri and James Shaffer
Verifying Star
Donald K. Robbins
Angels. and Devils
Charles Csuri and James Shaffer
Faces in Random Light and Shadow
Charles Csuri and James Shaffer
Cylinders
Adage Inc.
Bird in a Circle
Charles C,uri and James Shaffer
Snowflakes
Lloyd Sumner
Friendly Flowers of Space and Time
Lloyd Sumner
Labyrinth
Frieder Nake
Random War, 1967
Charles Csuri and James Shaffer
Power Oscillation Perspective
D. J. DiLeonardo
Flies Transformed
Charles Csuri and James Shaffer
Infinity
M. S. Mason
Shattered Glass
Petar Milojevic
The Artichoke
Craig Sullivan

BUSINESS SYSTEMS ANALYSIS - AN ORDERLY APPROACH, by John J. Mason
An introduction to a systematic procedure for collecting, organizing and evaluating information
within a business organization, to improve control and reduce cost.

DIGITAL PLOTTER INDUSTRY GROWING MARKEDLY, by Michel Feuche
In the digital plotter market, the products available, the competition in the industry, unexploited applications, and predicted market growth.

COMPUTERIZED INTELLIGENCE NETWORK IN SOUTH VIETNAM, by Frederick Taylor
How computerized methods are being used in military intelligence in Vietnam, and some of
the conclusions.

contributing editors
John Bennett, Andrew D. Booth, Dick H.
Brandon, John W. Carr, III, Ned Chapin,
Alston S. Householder, Peter Kugel, Rod E.
Packer

advisory committee
T. E. Cheatham, Jr., James J. Cryan, Richard
W. Hamming, Alston S. Householder, Victor

editorial,

by Edmund C. Berkeley

Computer Art: Turning Point

Paschkis

art director

fulfilment manager'

Great Britain,

by Ted Schoeters

English Electric and Elliott-Automation merge; Univac continues to influence computer market
with multi-processor 1108 systems; problems arise in General Post Office plans for data
processing.

Ray W. Hass

William J. McMillan, 815 Washington St.,
Newtonville, Mass. 02160, 617 DE 2·5453

world report -

market report,

by Michel Feuche

Digital Plotter Industry Growing Markedly

multi-access forum
advertising representatives

The National Data Center Controversy: Computer Professionals' Evaluations Should Be Based on
Knowledge, by George Sadowsky

23
23

International Symposium on Automatic Control to Be Held in Jerusalem As Scheduled
Marketing of Electronic Data Processing Services by National Banks Brings legal Action by the
Association of Data Processing Service Organizations

LOS ANGELES 90005, Wentworth F. Green,
300 S. Kenmore Ave., 213·DUnkirk 7-8135

NOVATO, CALIF. 94947, Richard C. Alcorn
P.O. Box 734, 415-897-1620

24
24
25
25

National Bureau of Standards Surveys Information Retrieval and Data Management Soft""are
Systems
New System Announced
NElIAC Bulletin to be Established
PL/I Forum to Be Held
Components and Devices in System Applications Seminar - Call for Papers

Monthly Computer Census for July -

NEW YORK 10018, Bernard Lane,
37 West 39 St., 212·BRyant 9·7281
CHICAGO 60611, Cole, Mason and Deming,
737 N. Michigan Ave., 312-SU 7-6558

ELSEWHERE, The Publisher,
815 Washington St., 617-DEcatur 2-5453
Newtonville, Mass. 02160

Totals

:~8~'\

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FOR THE CHANGE TO BE MADE.

COMPUTERS AND AUTOMATION, FOR AUGUST, 1967

Skull practice for
creative prograDlnterS
This CalComp/Computer portrait of a growing boy is extremely helpful to anthropologists.
Drawn from X-rays, it graphically reveals changes in bone structure in a normal child over
a period of years.
It's also a handy example of the kind of challenging assignments which creative programmers face week after week at CalComp.
If you are a talented programmer with a large innovational "bump" (we just can't get away
from the phrenological), CalComp would like to show you what's ahead (oops) in computer
graphics.
Challenges are coming out of our ears.
Telephone, wire or write in confidence to Dept. A-8, California Computer Products, Inc.,
305 Muller, Anaheim, California 92803. (714) 774-9141.

• • • 8(i) • •
Standard of the Plotting Industry
Designate No. 11 on Reader Service Card

c&a
EDITORIAL

Computer Art: Turning Point

This is the fifth year in which Computers and Automation
has held a computer art contest, and the fifth August issue
in which we have published examples of computer art.
This year we have had far more entries from far more
people than ever before; and we think they show wider and
more interesting variations. Recently, in fact, there have
been a number of meetings and exhibits dealing with computer art. For example, in Montreal at the end of last
autumn, an exhibit of computer art was held, under the
auspices of the Computer Club of McGill University. What
was remarkable was that more than 12,000 persons visited
the exhibit; and it drew so much interest, comment, and
newspaper notice, that another exhibit of computer art has
been planned in Montreal for this autumn. We think a
turning point in computer art has been reached.
We think there may be enough evidence now for making a
good case for the following proposition:
• Art in the future will be as profoundly influenced by
the computer as by any other medium for expression.
Take for example the medium of photography. Many
magazines and many museums nowadays are devoted to art
and exhibits through the medium of photography - black
and white, and color. Just as many of the results of photography by good photographer artists are astonishingly beautiful, so many of the results of the computer applied to art
will in the future be astonishingly beautiful.
There are several reasons why the computer will in the
future have a profound influence on the production of art.
One reason is this:
• If the artist wants to make a small change in some
detail of his picture, he will be able to do it by means
of the computer.

He may say to himself, "That eye is not turned quite right;
I would like to turn it a little bit"; and the computer (on
suitably programmed request) will turn it for him. Or he
can say, "I wonder if that color would be better if it were
a grayer purple"; and the computer will change the color
for him. In general, instead of being largely limited to his
first choice of color and his first choice of line, the artist will
have, from the computer, 10,000 choices of color and line,
displaying each revised picture on the "color TV" screen of
the future, controlled by computer.
A second reason is this:

• If the artist wants to represent some visual concept
in some part of his picture, he will be able to, referring to the computer's memory.

The artist will be aided in his representation of visual ideas
by the resources of an immense computerized library of
visual information.
A third reason is this:
• The artist will be able to change the location (both
relative and absolute) of any of the elements in his
picture.
One of the pictures which we show in this issue of Computers
and Automation demonstrates exactly this power: the lines
that make up a face are distorted, stretched, and inclined, in
many gradual successive stages. In the future the artist will
have extraordinary power from the computer to move the
elements of his picture as he wishes - as if he were drawing
on a magic rubber sheet that could stretch or shrink in any
way that he desired.
This kind of power is not limited to the visual field. It will
apply in music for the musician - giving him variations
of tones and melodies as he asks for them. It will apply in
sculpture for the sculptor - giving him views of surfaces and
forms that he wishes to chisel or mould. The power of the
computer to supplement the artist will apply probably to
almost every field of art.
Will the human being be superseded? No, for the same
reason that the portrait photographer has not superseded the
portrait painter. What will happen is that new powers will
be given to the human artist, but the selections, the choices,
will still be largely in his hands. The computer will provide
one more extraordinary motorized instrument and medium
for the human being as artist - but the decision about what
is beautiful will continue to vary from one human being to
another, from one society to another, from one culture to
another.

Editor

He may say to himself, "I wonder what were costumes in
France in the late 1400's"; and the computer (on suitable
request) will show' him. And he can say, "1. should like a
suitable costume fora soldier of medium rank in the army
of the Duke of Burgundy," and the computer will show him.
COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for August, 1967

ANNUAL COMPUTER ART CONTEST

SINE CURVE MAN, 1967
Charles Csuri
James Shaffer

The first prize in our 1967 Computer Art Contest
has been awarded to Charl~s Csuri, Professor in the
School of Art, and James Shaffer, Programmer, Ohio
State University, Columbus, Ohio.
Their winning
entry (which appears on the front cover of this issue) is entitled "Sine Curve Man, 1967".
According to the artists, this drawing was made
in the following manner:
"A picture of a man was placed in the memory
of an IBM 7094. Mathematical strategies were
then applied to the original data. The X value remained constant, and a sine curve function was placed upon the Y value.
Given the
X and Y coordinates for each point, the figure was plotted from X' = X, Y' = Y + C * SIN
(X) where C is increased for each successive
image."
Mr. Csuri and Mr. Shaffer submitted several more
entries in the contest which are shown on the following pages.

The other computer art shown in this issue receives honorable mention. For some of the drawings,
the explanation is obvious or can be inferred easily; for others, explanations are given.
We regret that there was not mqre space in this
issue to publish more of the entries; we hope that
some more can be published shortly.
In a number of cases, the computer and the peripheral equipment which produced the computer art
have not been specified as we would like, because
the information did not reach us by the close of
the contest, July 2.
We would, of course, like to
publish the identification of the equipment that
produced the art. Supplementary information of this
kind should be sent to us for publication in a future issue of "Computers and Automation".
The responses to our Fifth Annual Computer Art
Contest this year have been very great, and give
evidence to the growing importance of the role of
computers in the arts. 'For 1968 we plan our Sixth
Annual Computer Art Contest, and 'we cordially invi te
contributions of computer art from our readers.

COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for August, 1967

GIRL -

AND GIRL SHOOK UP

A package of subroutines for manipulating arbitrary line drawings was used in preparing
these drawings. They were plotted by a CalComp 565 plotter, offline from an IBM 7094/11.
"Girl" was programmed as 700 points by Gordon Deecker. In "Girl Shook Up", each of the
700 points making up the picture was randomly displaced in the vertical direction.
The
displacement is normally distributed with mean of 0 inches, standard deviation of .3 inch,
maximum displacement .3 inch up or down. Programmed by Michael Wharton.
- L. Mezei, Associate Professor of Computer Science
University of Toronto
Toronto, Ontario, Canada

PICTURE OF AN OLD WOMAN

A picture of an old woman
was placed in the memory of an
IBM 7094. Mathematical strategies
were then applied to the original data
and in progressive steps, the image of the
old woman was stretched in the Y direction and
compressed in the X direction.
- Charles Csuri, Professor, School of Art
James Shaffer, Programmer
The Ohio State University
Columbus, Ohio 43210
COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for August, 1967

SEEING STARS

"The most important element in this drawing is direction. Positioning is
only predetermined with maximum and minimum sizes." Stars grow from the
three-pointed star in the lower righthand corner to the nine-pointed star
in the center of the picture.
- Petar Milojevic
McGill University
Montreal, Quebec, Canada

COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for August, 1967

= =
c

=
i i

BOXES

The corner of each rectangle was generated by random numbers. The X dimension of the box was determined as 1.09
times the X coordinate. The Y demension
is 1.09 times the Y coordinate.
This
resul ted in a random spacing of the reotangles with a random pattern to their
size.
The design was made on an IBM 1620
with a 1627 plotter, and was programmed
in FORTRAN
- Darel Eschbach, Jr.
The University of Toledo
Toledo, Ohio 43606

MAN AND HIS WORLD

Shown here are frames from a 16mm
film entitled "Man and His World"
made in connection with Expo 67.
The film was produced by programming in a special macro-extended
version of the BELFIX language
(which in turn is written in macro
FAP). The output in each instance
is a 252-by-184 array of Charactron characters produced by the
Stromberg-Carlson 4020.
The resulting black-and-white film was
subsequently printed through sequences and combinations of colored filters and a sound track
added by traditional methods.
- Stanley Vanderbeek
Kenneth Knowlton
Bell Telephone Laboratories
Murray Hill, N.J. 07971

COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for August, 1967

CHAOS TO ORDER

Each line of the bird was distributed at random. The
computer drew ~he chaotic version first, and in progressive stages brought the bird back together.
- Charles Csuri, Professor, School of Art
James Shaffer, Programmer
The Ohio State University
Columbus, Ohio 43210

VERIFYING STAR

'This five-pointed star is a threepointed star, used to check out the
incremental step on an incremental
plotter, superimposed upon itself.
The design has many straight lines
at many different angles.
It was
produced on a large Gerber flatbed
plotter.
- Donald K. Robbins
Organization 9424
Sandia Corporation
Albuquerque, N.M. 87115

COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for August, 1967

ANGELS AND DEVILS

One angel and one devil were multiplied into several thousand by the
computer. The random number generator determined the size, position, and orientation of each angel
and devil. In the original, angels
are blue, and devils are red.
- Charles Csuri, Professor
School of Art
James Shaffer, Programmer
The Ohio State University
Columbus, Ohio 43210

COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for August, 1967

FACES IN RANDOM LIGHT AND SHADOW
A line drawing was transformed mathematically
into a shaded image. Then a spiral, rectangle, triangle, and star were used as character symbols through each
line segment. A random number generator determined the intensity; size of each symbol is a function of its distance from a reference point outside the picture.
- Charles Csuri,
James Shaffer,
The Ohio State
Columbus, Ohio

Professor, School of Art
Programmer
University
43210

COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for August, 1967

CYLINDERS

Picture of an image being displayed on a cathode
ray tube. In the Ambilog 200 computer memory
is a description in three-dimensional
coordinates of the image. The image
is similar to two intersecting
cylinders. The image is
drawn line-by-line at an
overall frame rate of
40 frames per second.
- Adage Inc.
Boston, Mass. 02215

BIRD IN A CIRCLE

The drawing of a humming
bird was placed on a polar
coordinate system. The program calls for 22 birds to be
placed in a circle.
Charles Csuri, Professor
School of Art
James Shaffer, Programmer
The Ohio State University
Columbus, Ohio 43210

COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for August, 1967

SNOWFLAKES

*
*

"Snowflakes" and "Friendly Flowers of Space and Time" were programmed in extended ALGOL, read into a Burroughs B5500, and plotted on a CalComp 565 plotter.
The snowflake crystal as it appears in nature is hexagonal, delicate, and has twelve degrees of symmetry.
By calculating the coordinates of the points for one-half of one branch of the snowflake and making the proper
reflections and rotations, intricate snowflake designs were approximated, and randomly placed.

FRIENDLY FLOWERS OF SPACE AND TIME

Lloyd Sumner
Artist in Residence
University of Virginia
Charlottesville, Va. 22903

COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for August, 1967

LABYRINTH

- Fri eder Nake
Herdweg 57
Stuttgart, Germany

COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for August, 1967

RANDOM WAR, 1967

A computer program which generates random numbers is called a pseudo-random number generator. Such a program
determined the distribution and the position of soldiers on the battlefield. The program places each soldier
into perspective. Names were assigned to each soldier. A random number generator also decided who is to die
and who is to be wounded. A picture 30" x 100" (a portion shown here) in color of the battle was produced by
the computer and gave the following information: (1) Total number of dead on each side; (2) Total number of
wounded on each side; (3) Number of dead and wounded in each of 40 sectors of the battlefield; and (4) Identi fication of the dead and wounded in alphabetical order.
- Charles Csuri, Professor, School of Art
James Shaffer, Programmer
The Ohio State University
Columbus, Ohio 43210

POWER OSCILLATION PERSPECTIVE

A perspective view of
the power oscillation at a
particular location in a nuclear reactor during a xenon transient. Drawn on a CalComp plotter by
a FORTRAN program on the Philco 2000 computer.
- D. J. DiLeonardo
Westinghouse Electric Corp.
West Mifflin, Pa. 15122

COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for August, 1967

FLIES TRANSFORMED

"The distribution was based upon a combination of random numbers placed inside a
region such as a triangle and then a transformation was made to another region
such as a half circle. This was a problem in conformal mapping."
- Charles Csuri, Professor, School of Art
James Shaffer, Programmer
The Ohio State University
Columbus, Ohio 43210

COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for August, 1967

INFINITY

The sign of infinity, drawn bY_C~~p~~e~a~~~S man.
4008 Dobbs Drive S.E.
Huntsville, Ala. 35802

SHATTERED GLASS

Selected symbols drawn at ra~do~ . .
- Petar MlloJevlc
McGill University
Montreal, Quebec, Canada

COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for August, 1967

THE ARTICHOKE

A hexagon is rotated clockwise and counter-clockwise while being reduced in size.
- Craig Sullivan
California Computer Products Inc.
Anaheim, Calif. 92803
COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for August, 1967

c&a

MULTI-ACCESS FORUM

THE NATIONAL DATA CENTER CONTROVERSY: COMPUTER PROFESSIONALS1
EVALUATIONS SHOULD BE BASED ON KNOWLEDGE

George Sadowsky, Director
The Brookings Institution
Washington, D.C. 20036
The May, 1967, issue of Computers and Automation contains a "Resolution on the National Data Center and Personal Privacy" proposed by the Washington, D.C. Chapter of
the Association for Computing Machinery.
Lest it be assumed that this resolution represents the considered opinion of the chapter membership, I would like to
point out that the resolution, although approved by a 90%
majority, was voted upon by only 25% of the chapter. In
formulating the resolution, the Special Interest Group on
Social Implications did not refer to the Kaysen Committee
Report or supporting material, nor were they familiar with
its contents.
The Kaysen Report, "Report of the Task Force on the
Storage of and Access to Government Statistics," (GPO 915095, October 1966) is a 3D-page, double spaced typewritten
document. It discusses the history, growth and problems inherent in the present organization of the Federal Statistical
System, and proposes changes in organization in response to
existing needs for formulating government social and economic
policy. Supporting documents, such as the "Dunn Report,"
(Statistical Evaluation Report No.6, Bureau of the Budget,
Executive Office of the President) attempt to assess the merit
of the proposal both conceptually and technically. For computer professionals interested in understanding the issues of
the controversy, these documents provide an essential and
basic introduction. Criticism of the National Data Center
proposal without an awareness of this information is hardly
worthy of professional consideration, and is a disservice to
the computing community.
In contrast to the impression conveyed by recent publicity,
the establishment of a National Data Center is not motivated
by the desires of zealous bureaucrats for a mechanism allowing potential totalitarian control over individuals. The proposers are keenly aware of the potential problems concerning
possible invasion of privacy inherent in the centralization of
data files and automation of retrieval. The problem of constructing and enforcing safeguards to be applied to files of
personal information is important. Computer people are
correct in assuming responsibility for its solution.

The National Data Center proposal does not signal the
first appearance of this problem. For several years the growth
of both comprehensive credit information systems and local
government person and property data banks has been evident.
The latter seem to be actively supported by the computing
community, yet implicit in these developments are systems
potentially far more personally intrusive than that proposed
by the Kaysen Report. The growth of credit information systems is, to my knowledge, unregulated, except by members
of the system, and potential abuses of the system have not
been publicly explored.
There is, however, an equally serious issue that has been
submerged by recent publicity. Computer professionals concerned with the pr.ivacy problem should be equally concerned
with the present availability of information to policy makers
and the inadequacies of the present system that prompt the
National Data Center proposal. It would be a declaration of
immaturity by the computing profession and a cruel joke
upon those groups in our society who would benefit substantially by more incisive application of public policy, for
our government to make ineffective use of its very substantial
investment in computer technology in constructing and applying its policies. Those who argue that computers have great
potential for creative social progress within our society should
be alarmed about any marked departure in the efficiency and
creativity of our public information processing mechanisms
from the best performance that can possibly be achieved.
I believe that the majority of computer professionals who
considered the resolution were less informed of the history
and content of the proposal than would be desirable for an
issue of this importance. Whether the position of a group
such as the Association for Computing Machinery is either
essentially moral or technical, the professional stature of the
organization lends authority to the position taken. It would
be an unfortunate departure from professional ethics to speak
in the absence of knowledge of or a particular competence
in the subject being discussed.

COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for August, 1967

INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON AUTOMATIC CONTROL TO BE HELD
IN JERUSALEM AS SCHEDULED
Dr. A. Shani, Chairman
International Federation for Automatic Control
Israel Committee for Automatic Control
Technion City, Haifa, Israel••

Because of the recent crisis here, many people were doubtful whether the International Symposium on Automation of
Population Register Systems would take place as scheduled.
Now, when peace is at our gate and no more precious lives,
we hope, are going to be lost on either side, we are happy to
confirm that the Symposium is going to be held as scheduled,
in Jerusalem, Sept. 25-28, 1967.
We pray that this peace will be a lasting one and that from
now on we will be able to invest all our zeal and resources
in cohstructive work. We hope we shall now be given the
opportunity of sharing the fruits of our experience in all fields
with the countries around us.
For this reason, we feel we should intensify our efforts to
make the Symposium an international contribution to development and progress, especially in this part of the world.
We also feel that, through post symposium tours, participants will have the opportunity to get acquainted with our
country and its people.

This International Symposium on Automation of Population Register Systems has been organized by the Information
Processing Association of Israel, and is being sponsored by
the International Computation Centre and the International
Federation for Information Processing.
The program will include discussions on:
Central Population Register - State Systems
Design Problems of Population Registers
Various Population Register Applications
Statistical Applications
Theoretical Problems
Papers are scheduled to be presented by 65 persons from 1'7
different countries. There will also be a panel on "Integration of Automatic Data Processing Systems -, Its Scope and
Limi ta tions."
Anyone interested in participating should contact the Secretary of the Symposium, P.O. Box 3009, Jerusalem, Israel.

MARKETING OF ELECTRONIC DATA PROCESSING. SERVICES BY NATIONAL BANKS
BRINGS L,EGAL ACTION BY THE ASSOCIATION OF DATA
PROCESSING SERVICE ORGANIZATIONS
W. H. Evans, Exec. Vice Pres.
ADAPSO
947 Old York Road
Abington, Pa. 19001
The Association of Data Processing Service Organizations
(ADAPSO) has commenced legal action to enjoin the Comptroller of the Currency of the United States from permitting
the continued "unlawful" !J1arketing of electronic data processing services by- national banks.
The suit is predicated upon the National Banking Act,
which makes it unlawful for a national bank to engage in
activities which are not related ·to the banking business. Only
recently national banks have been limited from extending
their business into areas such as revenue bond and insurance.

A suit is pending to restrain their activities in the travel
agency business.
ADAPSO believes in free and open competition. We welcome competition, because we believe that through it all of us
and our society must benefit.
However, the independent data processing service organization, almost by definition a small business, is not likely to be
able to compete against banks, who because of their large
financial resources, can s~bsidize profitless operations in data
processing.

NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS SURVEYS INFORMATION RETRIEVAL AND
DATA MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE SYSTEMS
A. Severo
Systems Research and Development Division
Center for Computer Sciences 'and Technology
National Bureau of Standards
Washington, D.C,. 20234
The National Bureau of Standards Center for Computer
Sciences and Technology is conducting a survey of comprehensive software systems for handling information-retrieval
and data-management applications. The purpose of the survey is to obtain information on the state of the art for use
by the Center, and for distribution to the technical community.
The Center was established in 1965 to provide technical
COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for August, 1967

support to all agencies of the Federal Government in the
field of information processing. In addition to providing
consulting and computing services for Federal agencies, the
Center conducts an extensive program of research and standardiza tion.
If your organization has a software system for handling
information retrieval or data management applications, please
send latest descriptive material to me.

NEW SYSTEM ANNOUNCED
The accompanying birth announcement came to the home
of one of C&A's staff the other day. We pass it along as
one more clever use of computers (though we probably won't
add it to our list of applications in the 1968 June Directory).

A followup report indicates the' system is functioning
smoothly and on schedule. The maintenance staff is happy
(if a little sleepy), and though they expect to make frequent
changes, from wet to dry state, the system will, without
question, be accepted as delivered and expanding.

EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE
BBBB BBB BB BBBB BBBBBBBBBB BBBBBBBBBBBBBB BBBBBBBBBB BBBB BBBB BBB BBBe e s's BSBBB
EB
EB
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ANNOUNCING
EB
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THE SECOND
EB
EB
EB
EB
* BRAND NEW *
EB
EB
EB
EB
* COMPLETE *
EB
EB
EB
EB
* FULLY OPERATIONAL *
EB
EB
EB
EB
* SYSTEH *
EB
EB
EB
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*
EB
EB
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A
EB
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GENUINE
EB
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BRIGHT-EYED
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BUSHY-TAILED
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TIGRESS
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*
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HEREAFTER TO BE KNOWN AS
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LISA (FOR ELIZABETH) BUTTNER
EB
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(HIT OEH UMLAUT U)
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SPECIFICATIONS -EB
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DELIVERY DATE - 6/23/67, 1055 HRS EDT
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SHIPPING WEIGHT - 6 LBS, 5 OZ, LESS PACKING AND CRATING
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OVERALL LENGTH 19 IN
E~
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FREQUENCY RESPONSE - OCCASIONAL BUT LOUD
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INTAKE REQUI~EMENTS - HIGH ENERGY LIQUID FUEL
AIR
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BROTHER, PARENTS, GRANDPARENTS - ALL VERY PROUD
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NELIAC BULLETIN TO BE ESTABLISHED
Mr. A. Furman
Orgn. 59-22, Bldg. 102
Lockheed Missiles and Space Co.
P. O. Box 504
Sunnyvale, Calif. 94088
An information bulletin for the NF~ T AC programming
language will be published under the joint auspices of the
NELIAC Implementers Council and Exchange (NICE) and
the Special Interest Committee on Programming Languages
of the Association for Computing Machinery. It will be distributed (along with the ALGOL, PL/I, COBOL, and
JOVIAL bulletins) as an occasional supplement to the
monthly SICPLAN Notices.
NICE are seeking contributions to the NELIAC Bulletin
that may be of interest to NELIAC users and implementers,
as well as to computer programmers in general. Suggested
topics include:

• Applications of NELIAC believed to be new.
• Changes and extensions to the NELIAC language.
• Information about new or improved NELIAC compilers and operating systems, including equipments,
status, restrictions, extensions, new techniques, and
available statistics, particularly self-compiling times.
• Algorithms that can be efficiently stated in NELIAC.
• Philosophy and techniques of programming in the
NELIAC language.
• News about NELIAC user personnel.
Please address all comments and contributions to me at
the above address.
COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for August, 1967

PL/I FORUM TO BE HELD
R. F. Rosin
Special Interest Committee on Programming Languages
of the ACM
Computer Center
Yale University
New Haven, Conn. 06520
A forum on the PL/I language will be held in Washington,
D.C. on Monday, Aug. 28, 1967, immediately before the
Association for Computing Machinery National Conference.
It is being sponsored by the Special Interest Committee on
Programming Languages (SICPLAN) of the ACM.
The purpose of the meeting is to discuss: (1) specifications
and objectives of PL/I dialect; (2) the consistency and completeness of the existing language; and (3) the effectiveness
and potential development of unusual features such as tasking, ON -condition, and array expressions.
Participants in the forum should have an active interest in
PL/I, be familiar with the current language manual (IBM
document C28-65 71-4 ), and be prepared to contribute to
the discussion. Short papers that can be distributed before the
meeting are particularly invited.
Anyone interested in participating should contact me at the
above address. Attendance l);ill be limited by space available
and the qualifications of the applicants. Expenses will be
met by a minimal registration fee.

COMPONENTS AND DEVICES IN
SYSTEM APPLICATIONS SEMINARCALL FOR PAPERS
Prof. Karl Steiner
Seminar Chairman
Purdue University
Calumet Campus
Hammond, Indiana 46323
A Seminar ·on the State of the Art on "Components and
Devices in System Applications" is scheduled on the Purdue
University Campus, April 19 to May 25, 1968. September
15, 1967, is the deadline for the submission of abstracts for
papers. For further information, please write me at the
above address.

MONTHLY COMPUTER CENSUS
FOR JULY - TOTALS
The totals for the "Monthly Computer Census" (page 51)
in the July, 1967, issue of Computers and Automation were
omitted through clerical error. The total number of installations was 47,487; the total numher of unfilled orders was
26,485. Please enter the totals on your copy, if convenient.

c&a
PROBLEM CORNER
Walter Penney, C.D.P.
Problem Editor
Computers and Automation
Problem 678: A Fascinating Flow Chart That
Doesn't Work?

•

"That's a fascinating flow chart," said Bill, looking over
AI's shoulder.
"Yes, but it doesn't work," Al replied.
"It's supposed to solve the problem of finding x and y
from the fact that the 7-digit numbers 1 2 x 3 4 y 5 and 1 x
2 y 3 4 5 are both divisible by 7. Professor Lawthorne wanted
us to program it by trying every pair of values from 0 0 to
9 9, but I don't get any print out."
"Maybe there is no solution," Bill offered.
"Oh, yes, there's a solution, all right. I worked it out
algebraically and I know there's exactly one· solution. I don't
understand why this program doesn't find it."
Why doesn't the program work?

Solution to Problem 677: A Conversion Headache
N

If the number with O's in alternate positions is N, so that
= a 0 b 0 cO. . . , the formula

N - 90

[~J
100

900 [

10QOO~

will eliminate the O's, yielding the number abc . . . .

YES

Stop

COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for August, 1967

Readers are invited to submit problems (and their solutions) for this column to: Problem Editor, Computers and
Automation, 815 Washington St., Newtonville, Mass. 02160

BUSINESS SYSTEMS ANALYSISAN ORDERLY APPROACH

John J. Mason, Vice President
Holland Associates, Inc.
Washington, D. C. 20006

"Business systems -a.nalysis must be counted among the arts rather than
the sciences. People) space) business objectives) available. data) state
of documentation) prejudices) and inbred concepts make zt extremely
difficult for the analyst to relate one case directly to another."

Many business managers and executives fear systems analys~s
- they fear it because many of them have learned from theIr
own experience or from that of others that computers are expensive, programmers are expensive and scarce, and computer
systems are complex things which quickly get out of hand and
result in the creation of a record keeping ogre which they find
difficult to understand and control. They fear systems analysis
also because it often involves a program which devours funds,
upsets personnel and results in automating the same tired old
procedures they've been using for years. Finally, manager,nent
fears being swamped with paper with which they have neIther
the time nor the inclination to deal effectively.
Unfortunately, many of the criticisms are true. Moreover,
the business systems analyst is sometimes so technically oriented that profit-conscious executives find communication with
him difficult. It is our attempt here to allay some of the
misconceptions about systems analysis .and to propose a phased
program for orderly and controllable review which can be
ended, expanded, or contracted at will. That is, it can be
controlled at the will - and this is vital - of the executive
who authorized it in the first place. The current difficulty, in
far too many instances, stems from the fact that such control
is exercised by an uninformed executive not in complete possession of all the facts and acting in sheer desperation or
exasp era tion.

fashion. Very few cannot be improved, and even fewer can
undergo analysis without revealing some area wherein change
would be helpful.

What is Business Systems Analysis?
Business systems analysis is an orderly study of the detailed
procedures for collecting, organizing and evaluating information within an organization, or subdivision of an organization,
with the objective of improving control over its operations or
reducing the cost of exercising this control. More simply
stated, business systems analysis is the act of examining the
way things are done to reveal weaknesses and to discover ways
that the same things can be done better, more cheaply or
more quickly.

Why Study a Business System?
When is it necessary to analyze a business system, and why
should we analyze one that works? Usually, a business system
is analyzed because it gradually or suddenly becomes apparent
that the system has not kept pace with the changes in management problems that have come about from year to year and
even from month to month. A system which was satisfactory
last year or the year before is found to be unresponsive to the
needs of !llanagement in its changing business environment.

What is a Business System?
A business system is the organized use of people, forms,
machines, tools, and communications in such a way as to
permit a particular business or department to perform its
intended function. A business system is all of the methods
and procedures used in a business office to accomplish a certain end. It is also all of the people and the devices used by
them to permit the system to work. It may be efficient or
inefficient, simple or complex, manual or mechanical, wieldy
or unwieldy. A good business system is one which accomplishes its results accurately, economically, and in a timely

John J. Mason is Vice President of Holland Associates,
Inc. His career in data processing began in 1946 at Pan
American World Airways, Inc., where he was Supervisor
of Machine Accounting. In 1951 he became Director of
Data Processing for Capital Airlines, Inc., and later became Director of Methods. In 1961, he was appointed
Assistant Controller of C-E-I-R, Inc.,·and was promoted
to Manager of Business Consulting Services in 1963.

COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for August, 1967

Sometimes sharply rIsmg costs or a weak labor market will
trigger the need for an improved system. Too often the
availability of new equipment or new methods provides the
impetus for systems analysis. Unrelated changes in other departments or changes in company policy frequently cause a
business system to be reviewed. A great many companies
maintain substantial methods staffs specifically for the purpose
of performing a continuing series of systems analyses under
the proposition that the business is continually changing and
the methods it uses must likewise change.

Without direction, the analyst works in an area of uncertainty,
knowing that the system requires change, but having no clearly
established guidelines or objectives to give direction to his
efforts. Not unusually, definition of the objective is left to
the analyst. This is not necessarily bad, depending upon the
analyst, his experience, his position in the organization and,
most important, his empathy with management and its goals.
The analyst is the agent of company management and must
receive clearly defined instructions as to objectives, or be
sufficiently attuned to management thinking to be capable of
formulating these objectives himself with equal clarity.

Obiectives and Automation Plans

The Analyst as an Investigator

The objectives of systems analysis are many and varied.
Stated very briefly, the ultimate objective of analyzing any
system is to improve its value. Ill!provement can take the
form of functional betterment to make the content of the system more meaningful to company management, or structural
betterment to make it work better, easier and more economically. Often the objective of analyzing a particular system is
to fit it into the automation plans which the company has
made in some related area. Automation of the general accounting system, for example, generally requires that the
budgetary system be automated to provide the necessary
budgetary comparisons and analyses and to feed back data
to be used in preparation of the next period's budget.
It is important to recognize that a reason should exist for
performing analysis, and that analysis must have an objective.

Management usually knows, in at least a general way, what
it requires of a business system, but it can rarely be so specific
as to define the details of its objectives. It becomes the
analyst's problem to ferret out these details from information
currently available, the uses to which it is put, and the manner in which it is presented. He then delineates management's
precise needs and restates them in terms of concrete systems
objectives. He must discuss these with management and insure that the restated elements represent, in fact, the real objectives of management, and then obtain management support
in his efforts to achieve them. Without this support, expressed
in a very positive fashion, it will be extremely difficult, if not
impossible, for the analyst to overcome departmental barriers
and enjoy the cooperation he must have in order to do an
effective job. Unwavering management support of a systems

BUSI NESS SYSTEMS ANAL Y SI S

Revi ew Current
System

I
Is It
Satisfactory

Examine
Possible
AI ternatives

r--------

Document
and
Report
Deficiencies

L/~

Prepare

Is Further ~
~eview Indicate

Report

Document
and
Report

Perform
Feasibility
Study

r Is
\

New System' Yes
Feasible

Perform
Application
Studies

Effect Indicated
Revisions

I
Detail
and
Document
New.System

I
Prepare
Final
Report

Establ ish Date
and
Criteria
for Next Review

i
Implement
New System

Lr'
I

COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for August, 1967

study, expressed in clearly understood terms, is vital to a
successful program. Without it, the analyst will be placed
in the position of bargaining with lower levels of management,
and compromising his objectivity by reduction to the status
of a committee member trading points with other committee
members.

Environmental Problems
Business systems analysis must be· counted among the arts
rather than the sciences. It is difficult to define any rules of
procedure other than an unrelated set of general principles.
Specific problems encountered in analyzing business systems
vary widely from case to case. People, space, business objectives, available data, state of documentation, prejudices, and
inbred concepts make it extremely difficult for the analyst
to relate one case to another and to apply directly past experience to the particular project at hand.
In addition to such environmental problems, the fact that
data processing systems have become highly complex in the
last ten to fifteen years further compounds the difficulty.
:Rarely will the analyst be working in an antiseptic environment in which he can consider a single application and direct
his efforts at the development of a system which will serve
only that application. Far more frequently will a given application be intertwined with others, drawing much of its source
data from functions not completely within its control and
providing output information to functions having requirements
not wholly in harmony, and often at complete variance, with
the application under study.

Hardware Selection Problems
When computers and other hardware are to become part of
the system complex, the analyst will usually not be free to
make direct comparisons between hardware systems for the
purpose of selecting the one singularly adapted to the application under review. Most often he must consider two or
more hardware systems, each of which may be ideally suited
to one facet of the problem, and effect the most workable
compromise between these systems, choosing the one providing
optimum results to all.
Another problem, not always recognized, is that the analyst
is frequently doing what amounts to original research in
studying interrelated situations and attempting to define an
optimum solution. This is especially so when more advanced
gear become available from the hardware manufacturers and
new concepts need to be developed and sold to management
to capitalize on these fresh tools.
Since the business of an organization must continue even
during times of original research, the analyst finds himself
working in an operational environment which changes from
hour to hour. He is unable to stop the process at a particular
point in its evolution and subject it to clinical analysis, as is
the more fortunate researcher in many scientific areas. Likewise, his solutions must be tested under operating conditions
at the same time that the system under study continues to
function. This latter part of the problem continues throughout
the study and reaches crisis proportions on the day of implementation.

Problems of Cooperation of People
Perhaps the most disturbing and significant problems are
encountered because a business system invariably involves the
use and cooperation of people, from higher management, supervisors and clerks to customers, suppliers and regulatory
officials. Management is interested in results. If the current
results are poor and recognition is given to the necessity for
improvement, retention of management support is usually not
difficult. Obtaining the cooperation of the supervisors and

clerks who are closely involved with the function under study
and who may, in fact, be contributing to the problem is
another matter. The analyst frequently discovers that dealing
with these people is far more difficult than dealing with management.
Economics, resistance to change, distrust of things mechanical, and fear of empire crumbling are all factors to
be reckoned with. Systems design ofteri encounters problems
involving customer relations, restrictions in union contracts,
declining markets, changing markets, "sacred cows," and what
to do with displaced equipment too expensive to discard and
too obsolete to use or sell. All of these and myriad other
problems will be encountered, must be recognized, and must
be dealt with during the course of the study. The analyst
must be tactful, diplomatic and capable of dealing effectively
with people at all levels in addition to having the required
technical and analytical skills. He must be able to formulate
a plan of action to cover all situations and must stand ready
to modify or defend it as conditions will require. Most important, he must secure the cooperation and active support of
people, because the most comprehensive and efficient system
he is capable of devising will not work unless the people ultimately responsible for its operation want it to work.

How Much Systems Analysis?
How much analysis? This is one of the most difficult
questions the analyst must answer, particularly in an activity
he is reviewing for the first time. He can't really determine
the amount and duration of analysis until he has had an
opportunity to perform at least a casual review. On the other
hand, management insists on knowing how long the job is
going to take, how many people will be involved, and what it
is going to cost.
Since this demand is at the same time reasonable and unreasonable, we offer an approach which gives the analyst
some flexibility and freedom of action and also provides management a hand on the throttle. This can be accomplished
by a three-phase program in which each phase is undertaken
only if the results of the previous phase so indicate. The
analyst is required at the end of each phase to report in
detail the conduct and results of that phase and to make
specific recommendations for further action. He then awaits
management review of his efforts and his report before
proceeding.

Review of Current Systems
Phase one, The Current Systems Review, has as its objective merely the determination of whether or not the current
system satisfactorily performs the functions expected of it. At
the end of this review, the program calls for a detailed report
a'dvising management on the findings of the review. The opportunity exists here to make whatever revisions are indicated
in the current system and then end the effort at that point;
or, if the facts warrant, to proceed to the next phase.
Review of current systems can be accomplished by a very
small team of analysts. For relatively small and restricted
areas, this team may even consist of one person. The primary
reason for reviewing the current system is to determine its
adequacy and to locate those areas, if any, where it falls
short of its purpose or where conditions have so altered its
purpose that change is called for. This type of investigation
can normally be done in very short order without getting too
deeply into the procedures, by examining primarily the results.
Essentially this phase asks questions:
Is the current system adequate?
Does it perform its intended functions?
Does it perform them efficiently, economically, and to the
satisfaction of management?
COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for August, 1967

Is the system output usef~l and valuable?
Has anything occurred in the business which would
change the requirements and demands placed on the
system?
Is anything contemplated in the future which promises to
change these requirements and demands?
Can we obtain more information of value to the company from this system if we make some changes in it?
Have changes taken place in related systems which require change in this system?
Has some new methodology or technology evolved which
can effective I y be put to use in this system?
Specifically, what are the deficiencies of this system?
What are its strong points?
Must the system be totally overhauled or should it be
patched?
If patched, how long wiII the patches last before a total
overhaul becomes necessary?
What are some alternatives to the current system?
Are these alternatives more desirable from an economic
or efficiency point of view?
Finally, what does the system contribute to the profitability of the business and what would its alternatives
contribute?

Evaluation of the Current System

If the replies to these and similar questions establish system
inadequacy, it is obvious that further study in greater depth is
necessary. It is the analyst's responsibility, if he reaches this
conclusion, to report it to management. He must support this
contention by describing his review and its findings in his
report, carefully tracing the logic by which he reached this
conclusion and documenting his reasons for recommending
further study. He must then describe the study he proposes, its
scope, cost, and the time period over which it wiII be
conducted.
Likewise, if the analyst concludes that the Cll!"fent system is
satisfactory, perhaps with minor changes, he must so report.
Again, he must describe his activities, document his logic, and
support his recommendation with facts about the current system and the manner in which it fulfills its objectives. He
should also select a time for a fresh review of the system and
establish the criteria under which the next review will become
necessary and desirable. In this way, he establishes a review
cycle for keeping the system under periodic surveillance and
preventing it from deviating too far from its intended purpose. Good documentation of the current review will facilitate future reviews.
Feasibility of a Proposed System
Phase II, the Feasibility Study, wiII be undertaken only
if the Current Systems Review so indicates and'management
concurs with the analyst's conclusions as expressed in his report. The Feasibility Study might be defined as a study in
which a projection is made of how a proposed system might
operate in a particular organization or environment to provide the basis for a decision to replace or not to replace
the existing system. In the context of the approach presented
here, the fact that we have passed the first review stage
indicates the high probability that the existing system wiII be
changed. By this we do not mean to imply that the feasibility of a proposed new system is a foregone conclusion, but
we do mean to state that there is an excellent chance that
the feasibility of a new system can be established.
In a sense, the Feasibility Study is an extension of the
Current Systems Review in that its principal objective is to
define an alternative system and establish its practical and
economic feasibility. As a guiding principle, we might say
that the amount and depth of analysis performed during the
COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for August, 1967

Feasibility Study will depend to a large degree on the prospects for improving the situation. It is obvious that possible
alternatives must be defined and examined in order to assess
these prospects. The study can and should be ended when
and if a point is reached where the value of potential improvements is determined to be less than the cost of completing the study.

A Management Information System
Very frequently, a Feasibility Study will be undertaken
not as a result of any single system review, but following
review of many systems. Currently available computer equipment is capable of integrating a number of different systems
into a single one, often called a management information
system. Although it is common practice to reserve this term
to describe certain integrated automated systems, every combination of clerical, accounting, record-keeping and reporting
processes in the business world is truly a management information system. Once each process has performed its primary function, it feeds data into a central collection point
where information is accumulated, organized, analyzed and
displayed for management use in making decisions calculated
to maintain and improve the company's profitability. The
Feasibility Study, then, should deal with an entire process
rather than isolated elements of that process, because its aim
is to explore the use of some very expensive and high-powered
equipment to perform a series of tasks formerly accomplished
by relatively isolated groups of people or unsophisticated bits
of hardware.
The Feasibility Study can be a costly process involving a
large number of people over a long period of time. It must,
therefore, be carefully planned and executed. The objectives
must be fully defined and made clear to all participants. Information gained concerning the deficiencies of the current
system wiII help to establish and detail the specific aims of
the study. The analyst must be particularly cautious about
defining these sub-goals within the broad structure of his
charge from management. He must be coldly objective and
realistic in rejecting those which fit into the "nice to have"
category in favor of staying with the essentials. If some of
the objectives are impossible of attainment, or should not be
striven for because of their cost, this must be made known
as soon as possible. Otherwise management is likely to be
misled into believing it is going to get something highly desirable, when in fact the system could prove unrealistic unwieldy or uneconomical.
'
Once defined, the objectives become working guides, not
only for the Feasibility Study, but also for the Application
Studies to follow.

The Key Man
The key man on the study staff is, of course, the project
If at all possible, the project manager of the
Feasibility Study should be the same person who directed
the preliminary Systems Review. He must be an extremely
well qualified individual. His abilities to plan properly, give
direction to the efforts of his subordinates, and communicate
convincingly and tactfully with other people are vital. Project
direction of a feasibility study is not a part-time task and
should never be assigned to a committee whose members
have other responsibilities in the organization. A policy committee of executives to guide the project director, assist him
to open doors otherwise closed to him, and receive his reports
performs a very useful function; but actual on-site project
direction must be the full time responsibility of a competent
administrator.
The size and complexion of the working staff will depend
upon the scope of the study, the areas of study and the length
of time allotted to its completion. All working members of
manag~.

the group should be professional analysts or supervisory personnel. Also included should be persons acquainted with
electronic data processing techniques and devices. It is useful,
if the objectives and scope warrant, to include some programmers in the group in order to facilitate communications
when the applications studies are performed and implementation begins. The Feasibility Study staff must be expected to
provide the nucleus for the Applications Study groups and
should be chosen with this in mind.

Study of the Applications of Automatic Equipment
Phase III, the Applications Study, consists of the detailed
process of designing a system or set of procedures for using
data processors for a selected function, and establishes the
specifications for equipment suitable to the needs. In this
context, the Applications Study refers primarily to those systems which involve the use of computers and other automatic equipment, although similar techniques are involved
in the detailed design and description of any business system,
automated or manual.
The Feasibility Study normally deals with a large scale
information or data processing system. It applies the "total
system concept" to a major area of the business. The Applications Study deals independently with each of the integrated elements or subsystems of the major activity. The
Feasibility Study has defined the areas in which the application studies are to take place, and has served to integrate
these elemental areas into a total activity area. During the
Feasibility Study, each application area was defined with the
others in mind so that the work flow and forms will proceed
naturally from one to the next. The Feasibility Study report
provides a take-off point for the applications studies, and
defines the guiding principles for the detailed design of each
system element.
The various alternatives which were considered in the
Feasibility Study have now been reduced, and the applications studies will deal only with the surviving alternative. The
dimensions of each application study will be narrowed and
clearly defined to avoid areas of duplication and to provide
analytical coverage for each element. The scope of the applications studies will be restricted to the system as defined
in' the Feasibility Study. This is not to imply that the
analysts should be blinded to new elements which might
arise as a result of closer investigation; rather it is for the
purpose of controlling the objectives and direction of each
applications study team.

Even Flow of Data
The total systems concept requires that data which passes
between subsystems be developed in such a way as to cause
it to flow evenly and without disruption betweert activities.
The input documents must be created and translated into
mechanically sensible form as close as possible to their point
of origin so that the data on them can be conducted in
automated fashion through the various activities. The procedures for data handling should likewise be established to
ease the flow of data between elements of the system.
Normally, different teams of analysts will be assigned to the
various applications making up the total study. It is essential
that a co-ordinating body be formed to deal with and define
those items that belong to more than one application area.
This group should comprise the project director and the
leader of each application study team.

Manpower for the Applications Study
The Applications Study normally requires considerably
more manpower over a longer pe~iod of time than the
Feasibility Study. In fact, it is usually possible to juggle

manpower against time, particularly when a large number
of individual applications are involved. It is the responsibility
of the project director to select, organize and train his Applications Study group. He should determine those application areas that are to be covered in the first part of the
study and appoint a group leader for each. Working with
each group leader, the project director can assign to each
application the number and kind of personnel required. Each
group may consist of one or more systems analysts and one
or more programmers. In addition, there may be representatives from some. of the operating departments concerned and,
in some instances, specialized personnel. These latter may
include outside consultants or technicians who can be borrowed from other parts of the business. Any or all of these
persons may be shifted from one team to another as need
for their skills rise and fall or as exigencies of the time schedule require.
The proj ect director will normally be the same person who
conducted the Feasibility Study and his principal applications
team leaders will normally be the analysts who assisted him.
Other personnel may be drawn from the staff of the Methods
and Procedures Department or from the staff of the operating department under study. The important thing is that
each team include the number and kind of people required
to carry out the tasks assigned. The project director, department heads, and other technicians in the company should be
available for consultation when necessary.

The Coordinating Group
The project director, with the assistance of his coordinating
group, must delineate precisely the responsibilities of each
application study team. He must also define in very explicit
terms those functions and decisions which, because of their
homogeneous nature, are to be reserved to the coordinating
group. The coordinating group must provide the basic system concepts which the analytical teams will use. All system
inputs, common files, records, coding schemes and outputs
should be specified by the coordinators and the study teams
required to adhere to the standards established.
The coordinating group must specify the kind and amount
of documentation required, and even designate the symbols
to be used in flow charting and the terminology to be used
in file and field descriptions. They should outline in careful
detail the content and manner of presentation of procedures
manuals and operating manuals. Each application study
team leader should be required to make periodic reports in
such a way that they can be readily compiled into project
progress reports to management.

Time Schedule of the Proiect
Perhaps most important, the coordinating group must provide a realistic time schedule for completion of the project,
balancing the effort required against the staff available. Such
a schedule is very difficult to plan and may, at the outset,
be little more than an educated guess based on previous
experience and estimates of the team leaders. As the work
progresses, however, and as feedback begins to come ·in from
actual performance, the schedule can be revised and more
realistically attainable goals established.
As a rule, such a schedule will prove more reliable in the
gross sense than in any of its elements. Nevertheless, each
element must be scheduled to the extent practicable in order
'to provide convenient check points to test progress. Each
application leader should be required to report frequently
to the project director on progress and adherence to schedule.
Any significant variations from schedule should be recognized
and investigated as early as possible to determine their effect
on other activities and to take remedial action.
COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for August, 1967

If scheduling is not carefully managed, there may develop
a tendency for some phases to drag while other interesting
possibilities are explored, or for one team to strive for perfection at the expense of another's time schedule. If unforeseen difficulties occur, the project director can make revisions in the schedule or he can take other steps to provide
for this problem without revisions. He could, for example,
assign more staff to a iagging application or transfer responsibilities from one team to another.
Documentation

The finest and most comprehensive application studies can
be completely obviated if they are poorly documented. The
Applications Study groups are composed primarily of technicians and specialists of one kind or another, and in the
conduct of their affairs they communicate with each other
in a technical jargon which is not always intelligible or understandable to the uninitiated. It is the task of each study
team leader to document thoroughly all of the activities of
his team. It is the task of the project director to insure that
the documentation is consistent and in a form that is completely understandable and comprehensible to management
and operating personnel.
Costs

A section of the Applications Study report must deal with
costs. At the conclusion of the Applications Study, the project
director should have a much firmer grasp on probable implementation and operating costs than he had at the end
of the Feasibility Study. The cost section of the report
should contain time schedules for implementation and testing
and should make provision for the time, staff and cost of conversion from one system to the other, including the cost of
files conversion. If a period of dual operation is contemplated, this cost must be calculated as part of the changeover
costs. In addition, all costs of phasing out the old system,
such as the disposition of obsolete equipment, must be determined and made a part of the conversion costs.

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Implementation Phase

The final report of the Applications Study completes the
analysis phase of the proj ect and signals the commencement
of the implementation phase, which may become the responsibility of a totally different group of people or may
remain the responsibility of the same team that began the
Systems Review. Normally, implementation requires an array
of technical skills not present in any abundance in the Systems staff, and therefore new teams of programmers, coders,
and hardware specialists take over the effort with guidance
from the programmer-analysts who took part in the applications studies. Since we are primarily concerned here with
describing an orderly approach to business systems analysis,
we shall not dwell on implementation and the problems
incident to it.
Review of System Performance after Changeover

The systems analysts, however, have not completed their
responsibilities until they have reviewed the system after a
reasonable period of operation. Their final report to management concerns itself with the system performance under
operating conditions and compares this performance with
the original objectives. The last step in the process is the
selection of a date and criteria for the next system review.
In this fashion, an orderly review cycle is begun which has
as its objective the maintenance of the system as a viable
tool, continuingly responsive to the needs of management in
a constantly changing business environment.
COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for August, 1967

I' :r: .;rusT fED IT THE woRLD CONDITIONS

AND NOlD IT lVANTs

TO BE MoVED To A BoMB SMELTER."

DIGITAL PLOTTER INDUSTRY GROWING MARKEDLY

Michel Feuche
Editor J MoodyJ s Computer Industry Survey
Brandon Applied Systems
New YorkJ N.Y.

((Incremental plotters, being both the least expensive machines and
those with the best long-term growth potential, represent the area in
which competition is likely to be most active. This competition is a
new feature in the industry. Previously, most products available had
been sufficiently different to avoid direct price competition."

The digital plotter industry, heretofore one of the quietest
EDP equipment fields, may by the mid-1970's turn in one of
EDP's most spectacular records of growth and expansion.
This is the claim implied in a forecast by Lester L. Kilpatrick, president of California Computer Products, Inc., that
by 1975 the digital plotter population should soar from today's less than 3,000 units of all types to a level of over
25,000. Not all of the estimates by Kilpatrick's competitors
are quite so bullish. Nevertheless, all agree that, on the basis
of new applications, technical developments, and reduced
equipment costs, the plotter indus,try faces a rapidly expanding market. This new activity will be reflected not only in
company balance sheets but also in the industry's marketing
pattern. This pattern is changing from one in which few
manufacturers' product lines overlapped to one in which competitiveness may match prospects for future growth.
For an EDP growth industry, the plotter industry is a
surprisingly old one. The first effective machine is believed
to be the free-stanaing digital-to-analog unit introduced by
Benson-Lehner Corp. in 1951, several years before the largescale development of practical general purpose computers.
Similarly, Electronic Associates, Inc., which ranks both as a
major plotter maker and as the largest U.S. analog computer
manufacturer, began making plotters before computers.
The modern plotter industry dates back to the late 1950's,
thus predating the existence of many major computer firms.
Since plotters depend on computer input, however, their use
did not spread widely until a sufficient number of computer

users developed the necessary sophistication and applications
to create a demand for plotters.
Maior Equipment Types
Three major types of plotting units exist today. The two
most common ones are incremental and digital-to-analog
plotters. Incremental plotters operate under computer instructions, each of which calls for the printing of a tiny segment of a line. Incremental machines usually feature a
compact continuous roll feed and can achieve a high degree
of speed and accuracy. They are also the most economically
priced. However, they are less economical of computer time,
for as many as several hundred computer instructions may be
required for the drawing of a single line. The slower but
highly accurate digital-to-analog plotters, also called drafting
systems, are relatively slow, but they can draw entire lines
at a time through conversion of digital data into analog representations. These relatively expensive devices are often flatbeds particularly adapted to automatic drafting applications.
The fastest unit, the cathode ray tube plotting system, is
also the most expensive, costing from $100,000 to $300,000.
This machine "draws" on microfilm photographically at
speeds up to several hundred times faster than standard plotters. Its accuracy is, however, not as great as that of slower
equipment.
The total market for all three types of plotters is estimated
at about $36 million for 1967 by industry sources. Of this, the
largest share, $15 million, is for incremental plotters. CRT
systems follow with an estimated $11 million share of the
COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for August, 1967

market. This figure reflects the systems' high cost rather than
the number installed. Drafting system business this year is
estimated at $10 million.

Competition in the Plotter Industry
There are only five major firms competing actively for the
plotter market. These companies and their estimated share of
the market are:
California Computer Products, Inc. (CalComp)
Stromberg-Carlson Div. of General Dynamics
Benson-Lehner Corp.
Gerber Scientific Instrument Co.
Electronic Associates, Inc. ( EAI)

40%
35%
10%
10%
5%

These figures, based on dollar sales, do not reflect machine
volume. Thus, CalC amp, which specializes in small, inexpensive equipment, claims to have delivered 80% of plotters now
in use. The reverse holds true for Stromberg-Carlson, which,
since the introduction of its 4020 model in 1959, has led the
field in costly CRT systems. Two other firms, not shown in
the table, Milgo Electronics and the Universal Drafting Co.
make specialized plotting equipment.
Among the plotter manufacturers, only Benson-Lehner
manufactures all three types of plotters. The others tend to
limit their production to one or two types as shown in the
accompanying table.

division. University is active in oil industry data processing,
a major area of plotter application, and together with its
subsidiaries and service centers, the parent company should
provide a ready market for Benson-Lehner equipment. University plans to acquire other EDP manufacturing firms and
these could bring substantial benefits in terms of increased
equipment capabilities.

How Fast Will the Market Grow?
CalComp, the largest of the plotter manufacturers is also
the one whose business has expanded most rapidly to date.
President Kilpatrick claims that since 1962 the average yearly
percentage sales increase of plotter products by CalComp has
been 50% per year. He believes that the increase of the
plotter population will far outstrip that oi Lumputers. Thus,
by 1975 when there might be over 100,000 computers installed by U.S. manufacturers, the ratio of computers to plotters will, he foresees, have declined from the present 15-1 to
less than 4-1. This growth rate would imply that by 1975
the annual plotter market would be worth over $125 million.
The estimate has not met with universal agreement. Dallas
Talley, former Benson-Lehner marketing manager and now
Systems Engineering Laboratories, Inc. sales manager, predicts
slower growth of the market to about $75 million by 1975.
But even this would imply a doubling of the plotter market
within the next eight years.

Unexploited Applications Company

Incremental

Benson-Lehner

CalComp

Digital to
Analog
X

Gerber

X
X

Stromberg-Carlson
Universal Drafting

X
X

EAI

Milgo

CRT

X
X

The growth rates of these ma~kets are uneven. That for
drafting systems, for instance, is the highest, presently averaging about 30% per year. It may, however, decline in this
decade and be overtaken by that for incremental plotters,
whose market is registering a 25% annual growth rate which
it is thought will be maintained. Incremental plotters, being
both the least expensive machines and those with the best
long-term growth potential, represent the area in which competition is likely to be most active. This competition is a new
feature in the industry. Previously, most products available
had been sufficiently different to avoid direct price competition. This is no longer true and the two chief contestants
appear to be CalComp and Benson-Lehner. The latter, whose
competition was previously chiefly with EAI in the digitalto-analog area, has now moved to compete directly with CalComp through the introduction of a line of incremental drum
plotters.
In the contest between CalComp and Benson-Lehner, the
latter may have gained new aggressiveness through its recent
takeover by University Computing Co. Previously wholly
owned by UCG Instruments, Inc., itself a subsidiary of United
Gas Corp., Benson-Lehner now forms the nucleus of the
University Computing Company's new computer industries
COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for August, 1967

Lower Costs

Market growth will largely come through development of
new plotter applications fostered by lower equipment costs.
For the latter, manufacturers look to the use of Large Scale
Integration (LSI) circuitry components. Hardware represents a larger share of plotter costs than in the case of computers where it accounts for at most 35% of total expense.
New applications will be largely for business and will
mainly involve the use of small, inexpensive drum plotters.
These will be used for the many marketing, financial and administrative applications where computer output in graphic
form is more useful and readily comprehensible than bulky
computer print-outs. This market is still largely unexploited.
In addition, new plotter applications are being developed for
production applications. A system has thus been developed
by CalComp to generate garment patterns of various sizes
from the designer's original pattern. The proprietary program
for the system, developed in conjunction with Catalina, Inc.,
a major bathing suit manufacturer, and a subsidiary of Kayser
Roth. Inc., has received response from other apparel manufacturers. Such firms as Pendleton; Hart, Shaffner & Marx;
Genesco; Warner Bros.; and Angelical Uniform have sent in
patterns to be graded experimentally. The possibility of setting up a pilot service bureau to grade patterns commercially
is now being considered by CalComp. Pattern-making can
obviously be extended to the aerospace, metalworking and any
other industries where initial layout of parts forms is required.
Similar work is being done in England by Compugraphics
International, Ltd. This service bureau operation offers an
automatic pattern grading service, permitting production of
a complete range of sizes using one set of dimensions. Future
applications include the production of aircraft and motor contour drawings. Compugraphics uses German-made Zuse equipment, which is not presently available in the U.S.
The trend to plotter service bureau operations has just
begun to spread. Plotter services are now provided on a contract basis only by plotter manufacturers and a handful
of organizations on the East Coast. In addition, under an
agreement between CalComp and 'General Electric, the GE
commercial timesharing services have been expanded to support remote plotting operations by GE customers.

COMPUTERIZE,D IN'TELLIGENCE NETWORK
IN SOUTH VIETNAM
Frederick Taylor, Staff Reporter
The Wall Street lournal
New York, N.Y.

According to computerized intelligence.' The insurgents can keep on
fiRhtinR at the present pace indefinitely . .. 14)000 men a month are
added to their forces ... and increasingly sophisticated weapons find
their way into an increasing number of insurgent hands . ... "!t)s not a
pretty picture) but we think it is a realistic one.))

SAIGON. - In a nondescript white concrete-block building on the outskirts of this capital city, an International
Business Machines Corp. Model 1430 computer runs 24 hours
a day grinding out one of this war-torn country's most valuable products: Military intelligence.
The building houses one of four intelligence centers scattered around Saigon. Using automatic data processing equipment, this intelligence setup - the biggest operated by the
United States outside Washington and the biggest ever used
against a single enemy - is now handling a massive assortment of facts and figures aimed at winning the Vietnam war.
More than 100,000 separate items are being added to the
system's computerized files each month; a 60-ton haul of
enemy documents seized last January is still yielding valuable
information. Tens of thousands of IBM punch cards help
keep tabs on the foe; they bear detailed identification of
captured Communists and Vietcong suspects.
To man the operation, intelligence officers have built an
organization that includes 1,100 Americans and Vietnamese
in Saigon alone. Hundreds of them are trained in computer
operations. One of the centers here manages to interrogate
as many as 60 Communist prisoners or suspects at one time.

base camps, arms caches and tunnel complexes, the location
and condition of bridges and the location of dozens of other
militarily important points. In one recent operation, more
than 80% of the items plotted in advance on a map were
found within a few meters of their map location.
Sometimes, though, even the best intelligence goes for
naught - ignored by field commanders. In early May, the
Marines were warned that the North Vietnamese were going
to try to infiltrate and attack a Hawk antiaircraft missile
dte overlooking Danang in northern South Vietnam. Convinced their security was inpenetrable, the Marines apparently
ignored the warning. In mid-May, North Vietnamese raiders
slipped through, blew up 12 Hawk missiles, damaged three
missile-launchers and wounded nine Americans.
If anything, accurate, comprehensive intelligence is considered even more essential in this war than in others. U.S.
forces must operate constantly over territory infested with
enemy agents and sympathizers. Military men naturally want
constant collection, processing and evaluation of every shred
of data about the country and the populace that might contribute to U.S. goals.
The More Paper, the Better

Tunnels and Arms Caches
Today, when a U.S. or South Vietnamese unit is going to
mov~ into unfamiliar territory, intelligence personnel can, by
feeding data into a computer plotting system, show on a
map what intelligence reports indicate are the sites of enemy

(Reprinted with permission from The Wall Street Journal, June 15, 1967.)

"Pieces of paper are to the intelligence officer what nickels
and dimes are to the banker; the more you have, the better
off you are," says soft-spoken Major Gen. Joseph A. McChristian, who has just finished a hitch as Gen. William C,
Westmoreland's assistant chief of staff for intelligence. During the past two years, Gen. McChristian has built from
next-to-nothing a skilled intelligence organization that employs thousands of people throughout South Vietnam.
COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for August, 1967

The volume of material handled by the intelligence system
is staggering. It comes from a variety of sources: Captured
documents, interrogation of prisoners, tips from villagers, reports from province and district officials, aerial photographs,
scouting patrols, secret agents and informers and questioning
of defectors from the Communist camp.
The punch-card data on each captured Vietcong guerrilla
or North Vietnamese regular includes his physical characteristics, military training and past movements and assignments - or at least as much of this information as can be
obtained. Every Vietnamese suspected of belonging to the
Vietcong is listed by name and aliases (which may number a
half-dozen or more) and physical description. Intelligence
people want to build a complete file on all known or suspected Vietcong members in South Vietnam and then track
their movements. "That's the only way we can ever hope to
discover them and smash the infrastructure," says one officer.
Further, by analyzing data and piecing together thousands
of details, the intelligence men hope to detect patterns in the
enemy's behavior that make it possible to locate his bases
and thus defeat him in battle.

Field Intelligence
Intelligence work begins, of course, with fact-finding in
the field. Each U.S. division or independent brigade has a
75-man intelligence detachment. In ,each combat operation,
hundreds, sometimes thousands, of Vietnamese are rounded
up: Innocent civilians, Vietcong, North Vietnamese regulars.
It is the detachment's job to attempt to winnow out the
innocent from the enemy, the civilians from the military.
Some 20 men interrogate suspects, captured foes and deserters,
seeking answers to such questions as whether the enemy plans
an attack or where its headquarters are - answers of immediate import to U.S. and South Vietnamese forces.
Once the immediate tactical picttire has been probed,
prisoners who are ready to talk more fully or who appear to
have considerable knowledge of enemy activities are sent to
Saigon for further interrogation. The questioning of anyone
person may last only a few hours, or it may go on for months.
Lt. Col. Le Xuan Chuey, the former operations officer of the
5th Vietcong Division, who turned himself in last August,
still is questioned regularly, though he now has a full-time
government job as director of a Saigon office that tries to
encourage Communist desertions.
Enemy documents and other papers picked up by U.S. or
South Vietnamese forces are sent to a special Saigon center
where they are translated and studied, after which about 10%
of the information is filed for future reference. Just the other
day, investigation of last January's 60-ron haul turned up 25
pages of a speech in which Major Gen. Tran Do, a deputy
commander of the Vietcong, asserted Hanoi's "right" to infiltrate 5,000 to 6,000 men each month into South Vietnam.
He also made clear that Hanoi rather than the Vietcong's
political arm, the National Liberation Front of South Vietnam, would be responsible for any peace negotiations that
take place.
Sometimes captured documents yield material that supports
the U.S. position in the propaganda war with the North.
Recent translation of a paper captured last February bears
out American contentions that the North Vietnamese and
Vietcong have deliberately used various truce periods to resupply their troops. The paper, picked up in the Mekong
Delta, was dated Dec. 31 and sa.id in part: "To take advantage of the New Year truce, the rear section is organized
to transport goods across the river on the night of 31 December." It went on to make assignments for the task.
By choice, all U.S. intelligence work in Vietnam is done
on a joint basis with the South Vietnamese. "Our basic concept was that we ought to do our intelligence together," says
COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for August, 1967

Gen. McChristian. "The VietnalJ1ese had the continuity, and
we had the experience."

Security Breaches
He concedes, though, that such joint operations can permit security breaches. "In insurgency war, there's always a
security problem," he says carefully, "and we've got to assume there are some leaks. But we think if there are leaks,
they are about our estimates of the enemy's capabilities, which
he already knows, and not about our plans." Nonetheless,
U.S. field commanders frequently cOI!lplain that enemy agents
in the South Vietnamese ranks do tip off the Vietcong to
forthcoming U.S. operations, enabling the foe to escape attack.
Gen. McChristian, who was Gen. George Patton's intelligence officer in Germany late in World War II, took over
the job under Gen. Westmoreland in 1965, just after U.S.
ground forces had been committed to battle. There was little
information on hand and little organization. The South Vietnamese government's intelligence files were not only disorganized but many were missing as the result of the series of
government upheavals that followed the death of Ngo Dinh
Diem in 1963.
The general started building up an intelligence system that
combined American and Vietnamese organiz~tions with a
group from the U.S. Military Advisory Command and the
Vietnamese joint general staff. Military intelligence units
from each country were attached to the other's military units.
Military advisory groups were converted into intelligence detachments to interrogate prisoners and suspects, interpret
photos and learn the enemy's battle organization.
Then Gen. McChristian set up his Saigon intelligence centers to exploit the material turned up in the field, training
hundreds of Vietnamese and Americans to run the computer
operations. ("When. we started out, 'we had people who
thought IBM stood for intercontinental ballistic missile," says
an intelligence officer who struggled through the training
period.)

Estimates of Intentions and Capabilities
Out of this effort, the "intelligence community" here has
been able to come up with estimates of the enemy's intentions
and capabilities. They are not encouraging to those looking
for an early end of the war. Here's the picture seen:
The North Vietnamese high command no longer has hopes
of an outright military victory, as it did in 1965 before the
U.S. committed troops to battle. But Hanoi does not intend
to scale down the fighting to a guerrilla-warfare stage. Instead, the Communists are prepared to fight a protracted war
of attrition. They aim to wear down and dishearten the
U.S., causing it eventually to withdraw and deliver South
Vietnam into the Communists' hands. Some captured documents suggest Hanoi thinks this might happen by 1970, others
that it won't happen for 20 years; in any case, Hanoi expects
to fight for years at about the present level.
The enemy can keep on fighting at the present pace indefinitely. Despite high casualties 190,000 killed since
1961, according to U.S. and South Vietnamese estimates the North Vietnamese and Vietcong forces in South Vietnam
today total 292,000 men, compared with 280,000 a year ago
and 230,000 in 1965 when the U.S. entered the ground war.
Infiltration of men from North Vietnam continues to run at
7,000 a month despite all U.S. efforts to cut it and may have
increased in recent months. Another 7,000 men a month are
recruited one way or another in the South. Increasingly
sophisticated weapons continue to find their way into an increasing number of enemy hands.
"It's not a pretty picture," says an intelligence expert, "but
we think it's a realistic one."

c&a
WORLD REPORT - GREAT BRITAIN
English Electric and Elliott-Automa.tion Merge
The $400 million a year English Electric organization has
been combined with the Elliott-Automation group. English
Electric builds everything from nuclear power stations to
giant turbines, infra-red controls, and fast military computers.
Elliott-Automation (with over 100 subsidiaries) makes 4,000
different instruments in addition to their complete mechanical
handling plants, chemical process plants, and other industrial
systems, many based on a central control computer. Its turnover is above the $100 million mark.
The merger was something of a shotgun wedding celebrated
under the auspices of the new Government organisation called
the Industrial Reorganisation Corporation. The Corporation
has been given $800 million - and instructions to go out and
preach the wisdom of hanging together or hanging separately
in this naughty modern world of vicious comnetition. The
Corporation has blessed the merger with a medium-term loan
of $42 million to help both companies expand still further.
While this move is not aimed solely at computers, its first
major effects will be on the British computer market, and
more particularly on the process automation side.
Elliott has a range of first-class process computers and is
the major supplier of Eastern Europe, including Russia.
English Electric has had its hands full with developing System-4 and making both hardware and software work.
It has not had the time to bring up to date its own small
machines; and Marconi's advanced solid-state military Myriad
is not the type of machine to usc for heavy industrial applications. (Marconi is a fully-owned subsidiary).
At the same time, both companies have ideas for multiprocessor super number-crunchers, while Elliott's 4100 series
has had a good reception for sci~ntific work throughout the
universities.
The two groups complement each other well. Elliott, with
its 920M microminiature computer, is the only UK group
to have penetrated the American market, mainly with navigational and head-up display machines for Corsair, C-5A, and
a number of other advanced craft. Both groups have advanced transistor and microcircuit plants of their own and
a big in-house market.
Where does this leave the rest of the market? International
Computers and Tabulators still leads the computer market
in Britain with a share of about 40 percent, followed closely
by IBM. The new organisation probably has a 15 percent
share.

Univac Inroads
Estimates of the market are difficult to make at the moment
because of the inroads of Univac with multi-processor 1108
systems. The most recent Univac vi <'tory, and a considerable
triumph for what is described by discomfited rivals as a
"staid and elderly design," is the displacement of a 360/67
at C-E-I-R UK for their planned 400 terminal time-sharing
service.
Only a few days before, ShellMex and British Petroleum
announced planned installations of the Univac 1108's to the
tune of at least $6 million. This was not surprising, since
Shell International has already installed the Univac 1108, and
British Petroleum fully owns C-E-I-R of Britain.

I met a leading member of Univac's software staff recently,
and she explained that while many of the newer machines
have circuits between three and five times faster than those
of the Univac, they are not only too delicate but also rather
badly served by their software, while their paging systems
sometimes produce ludicrous situations in which the central
processor has hardly any time to get down to work. She
thought the British Government would be wrong to go for
a super number-cruncher of highly advanced design - so
many of these have fallen by the wayside. It would be far
better to secure a comparatively small technical advance,
but support it with superlative soft,vare.

Embargo Rules Bent

It is believed that hard words are still flying between the
U.S. State Department and Britain's Ministry of Technology
over the two 1905 computers worth $l.4M which ICT
sold to Peking. Coming almost simultaneously with the sale
by English Electric of third generation System-4 machines
to two East European countries, it looks as if the COCOM
strategic embargo rules are definitely bent. At the same time,
recent American exports of computers seem to be limited to
GE 400's built in France.
Problems in the Post Office Plan
The bill to give Britain's General Post Office the major
data processing role in the country is having a slow and
painful ride through Committee. This is not surprising because it would give the GPO a network of 20 large computers, and power to compete not only with the banks but
also all the service bureaus. These 20 machines, each in the
$1 ~ M class, will be linked by powerful transmission systems,
and are the heart of the National Data Processing Service.
Any subscriber to the service would have a simple console
which would hook in to this huge network for virtually any
problem.
The biggest question mark over the whole of this ambitious
scheme is personnel. Just as in the United States, good
analysts and programmers here are at a premium and can
command fantastic salaries compared with the rest of the
business or scientific world. The change in Post Office status
from a government organisation to a free enterprise one
may help, but not much.
Another problem the Post Office faces is that while it is
already providing some data transmission links, it has not yet
established what system it will ultimately use in its own network. Users who might want to put their own co~puters on
line to the Post Office would also face compatibility problems.
This problem has been put squarely in the manufacturers'
laps by the Post Office, which considers that the problem will
provide a powerful argument for standardization.

Ted Schoeters
Stanmore
Middlesex
England
COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for August, 1967

720 hours in an ivory tower.
IBM Systems Engineers prepare for tomorrow.

IBM's Systems Research Institute is a grueling, 12-week
graduate-level school dealing with the complexities of
new and future uses of computer systems.
We call it SRI. And here's why you should be
interested in it.
IBM Systems Engineers who graduate from SRI return to the field to work with customers again-armed
with new knowledge and experience to apply to your
systems problems.
While attending, they take courses covering systems
analysis, design and implementation, systems architecture and programming systems. And they're tested,
tested and tested.
Lectures by prominent experts provide them with
new knowledge from outside IBM. They spend their

evenings and weekends buried in books and reports.
Somehow, they manage to find time for faculty-student
discussions, research projects in SRI's extensive library,
and problem-solving on the Institute's computing
facilities.
They also have a chance to contribute original thinking to systems analysis and design. For the past two
years, students in each class have worked with SRI
economists and mathematicians on a simulation model
for corporate capital planning. When it's finished, the
results will be yours for the asking.
Most IBM Systems Engineers agree that SRI is a grind.
But they admit it's worth it.
The Systems Research Institute is just another example of IBM's dedication to customer service~
And that's what makes IBM, IBM.

The responsive computers
from Burroughs and their impact
on people
1. If you are an executive,
you'll receive fast answers to
your information needs because your Burroughs computer won't be tied to an inflexible schedule.
2. If you are a depart men t
manager, you'll get the reports you need on schedule
because of the computer's
ability to multi process many
jobs at once.
3. If you are a systems
analyst, you'll find a remarkable degree of freedom from
hardware limitations, and a
flexibility that allows you to
employ advanced ideas in the
design of information processing systems.

4. If you are a computer
programmer, you can do a
more effective job using higher
level languages. You'll be freed
of tedious housekeeping and
input/ output programing.
And, because the computer
multiprocesses compilations
and assemblies along with production work, you can have
access to the machine when
you're ready-not three days
later at 3:00 a.m.
5. If you are a data processing manager, you'll have
the a bili ty to respond to sudden demands because of the
computer's dynamic multiprocessing ability. You'll
achieve full system utilization

and high throughput, automatically scheduled and controlled by the computer itself.
You'll have more time to manage people, and explore ways
to serve your company's information processing needs.
In short, a Burroughs 500 System can help any. company
make a faster, better prepared
response to customer needs,
competitive moves, and a
changing business environment.
For more information, see
your Burroughs representative. Or write us at Detroit,
Michigan 48232.
The ~ponsive computers
come from ...

Burroughs
Designate No. 14 on Reader Service Card

•

ACROSS THE EDITOR'S DESK
•

Computing and Data Processing Newsletter

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Applications • . • . .
Organization News
Computing Centers .•
Education News .
Computer Related Services.
New Products
Digital . . . . . . • • .

. 39
42
43
44
45
. • 45

Analog .
Memories
Software •
Data Transmission and
AID Converters . . .
Input/Output . . . . .
Data Processing Accessories.

46
46
47
47
48
49

APPLICATIONS

17-point questionnaire to 170,000
postal patrons. Some 13,000 responses were returned, 50% more
than any previous survey made.
The Congressman was impressed by
the notable increase in interest
and in the quali ty of the responses.
He said he was "surprised at the
completeness of the answers -- and
at the many additional comments
that were added to the survey."

CONNECTICUT CONGRESSMAN
USES COMPUTERS TO KEEP
IN TOUCH WITH CONSTITUENTS

When consti tuents of Rep. Donald J. Irwin (Conn.) had something
to say recently about the way he
represents them, they told it to
an IBM computer. That was fine
with the Congressman, who thinks
modern data processing techniques
are an excellent means for public
servants to keep attuned to opinions back home.
When first elected to Congress
in 1958, Irwin promised his first
objective would be to keep his constituents informed of his activities through a newsletter which
grew from an initial circulation
of 2000 to a still growing 40,000.
Response to items in the newsletters brought him many answers, but
he felt the need for a more accurate appraisal of the thinking and
feelings of the more than 500,000
he represents. Increasi ng the number of surveys, however, would
make record-keeping in the standard manual way almost impossible.
With the help of the Computing Sciences Division of The Service Bureau Corporation, Irwin designed a questionnaire that covered virtually every current problem -- from Vietnam to personal
and corporate taxes; from expanded
foreign trade wi th Communi st countries to water and air pollution.

And with computers, the complete report on the returns was
ready in a matter of days, not
weeks, and was more fully analyzed
than any previous survey conducted
by the Congressman.
Rep. Irwin
said that getting the complete reports in record time "gave me a
closer tie with my constituents
and helped me to plan my legislative program."

REMOTE COMPUTER WRITES
SPECIFICATIONS FOR
NEW BUILDINGS

Dalton-Dalton Associates,
Cleveland, Ohio, has devised a
system whereby they are using a
remotely located computer to wri te
specifications for buildings they
design. (Specifications are instructions to the contractor detailing such things as the materials to be used and the method of
installation.) This is believed
to be a first in the architectengineer field.

Computerized assistance alleviated the problem of sending a
COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for August, 1967

The new technique uses a master set of specifications that took

Dalton-Dalton one year to complete.
The master set has been stored in a
computer. Through an IBM system
called DATATEXT, it is used to wri te
specifications for new buildings.
Calvin B. Dalton, president, said,
"Using a master set of specifications and a computer, we have been
able to cut writing time by onethird and clerical costs in half."
The master set of specifications includes most of the materials and instructions that might be
needed to construct any building.
It is updated monthly to reflect
new developments in the building
industry and currently contains 85
separate sections. It uses the 16
division format of the Construction
Specifications Institute.
DATATEXT is an IBM time-sharing system that enables a typist to
communicate with a computer through
a typewriter-like terminal.
With
DATATEXT, she can store all kinds
of written information, change it
at will and have it automatically
'printed at her command.
To prepare the specifications
for a new building, an archi tect
merely pencil edits a printed copy
of the master set. Materials and
instructions not needed aredeleted.
In this manner, more than 80% of a
specification can be prepared. The
balance is provided with original
writing.
To prepare the final document,
a secretary simply indicates the
architect's changes on Dalton's IBM

Newsletter
2741 terminal, which transmits them
to the computer. The computer accepts the changes and automatically
assembles a tailor-made set of specifications for the new building.
Reproduction masters can be printed
out by the computer at the rate of
five pages per minute.

COMPUTERIZED FLIGHT
SIMULATION CONTROL

Shortly after the advent of
the integrated circuit, Link's
Digital Group began designing and
constructing the world's fi rst largescale, all integrated circuit computer for flight simulation. In
addition, this specially designed
large-scale computer would be capable of running two simulator
cockpits simultaneously, even if
the two cockpits were of different
ai rcraft.
The computer is called the
GP-4 general-purpose digital computer, and it possesses a highspeed, sequential-access Bryant
magnetic drum memory capable of
storing permanently, 131,072 words
of information. The GP-4 is the
first operational, commercial computer where computing logic is entirely made up of monolithic microcircuitry.

cockpit 707-321B flight simulation.
The two replicas of the Boeing 707
flight deck will operate from the
single digital computing source,
the Link GP-4. Both cockpits can
be "flown" simultaneously wi th
crews simulating different problems in each unit.
The GP-4 Computer used in this
application is slightly smaller in
size than the first digital computer used for flight simulation. However, it is three times faster and
has more than twice the memory capacity. For this particular application, the GP-4 Computer utilizes
a three million bit Bryant Computer Products Drum memory for all of
its program storage. The GP-4 can
perform 491,520 add-type operations
per second.
Among the many flight characteristics that can be simulated in
this training unit are: sink, rise,
pitch up or down, and roll left or
right. Indications of pre-stall,
and rough air are also experienced.
The flight crews are even subjected
to the sensations of taxiing on a
rough runway.
Engine sounds, Slip-stream
noise, air-conditioning and pressurization effects, as well as the
noise that accompanies engine compressor stall, are audibly repro-

Flight crews can also automatically tune in anyone of 500 radio
navigation facilities that have
been pre-programmed into the Bryant
drum memory used with the GP-4
Computer.
A Bryant Computer Products,
three million bit Auto-Lift Drum
Memory is used with all GP-4 flight
simulator computers. The Auto-Lift
Drum is used primarily to store all
flight characteristic patterns and
for all computer program storage.
The Link Group is a division
of General Precision Inc., and is
headquartered in Binghamton, N.Y.
The GP-4 was developed at Link's
Western Development Laboratory in
Palo Alto, Calif. At present, over
22 GP-4 Computer flight simulator
installations are in use throughout all parts of the world.

ELECTRONIC "CAPTAIN"
MANS BRIDGE OF MARINER V

A 12-pound electronic "captain"
manufactured by TRW, Redondo Beach,
Calif., mans the bridge of the Mariner V spacecraft as it loops to
within 2000 miles of Venus. The
Central Computer and Sequencer (designed by Jet Propulsion Laboratories and built by TRW Systems
Group) functions on board the spacecraft in the same way that the captain gives orders to the helmsman,
engine room and radio shack. The
electronic equipment selects spacecraft operations, keeps time, and
computes.
The CCGS commands operations in
three important sequences of the
212.5 million-mile Venus mis~ion:
launch, midcourse, and cruise/encounter. Like an earth-born ship's
captain, it also receives orders
from its home port via radio.
During launch sequence it programs events from launch until the
cruise mode is established, a maximum of 16 2/3 hours after lift-off.
Electronic orders are passed to the
spacecraft to unfold and extend the
solar panels, to put the altitude
control or stabilization system into operation, and to sight the star
Canopus as a navigational aide.

-- The two replicas of the Boeing 707 flight deck will operate
from the single digital computing source, the Link GP-4 and a
three-million bit Bryant Computer Products Drum memory.
The most recent shipment of
the GP-4 Computer was to the Pan
American World Airway's new automated cargo terminal at John F.
Kennedy International Airport.
This GP-4 Co:nputer is used for dual
40

duced in the simulator through programming of the GP-4 Computer. In
addition, sounds associated with
nose wheel steering and the thump
made by the main landing gear as
the airplane leaves the runway are
provided.

Three commands are radioed from
earth and "memorized" by the device
for the midcourse maneuver sequence.
These are necessary to alter the
course of the spacecraft midway on
its long voyage to Venus. During
the cruising portion of the flight
and planet encounter, the CCGS issues orders and then clocks the time

COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for August, 1967

•

Newsletter
required to execute them in a series of actions similar to a ship
approaching port. Commands during
this sequence switch the telemetry
transmissions to a slower rate and
the transmitter to an antenna capable of radiating a stronger radio
signal through the heavy Venusian
atmosphere
o

Nearing Venus, a "pilot" takes
over in the form of the data automation system which begins the encounter sequence. Finally, telemetry is switched to a different
mode for the transmission of recorded scientific data to Earth
from the payload experiments carried aboard the spacecraft.
TRW duplicated the CCGS for
the Mariner V after successfully
building identical units with the
same command functions for the Mariner IV. Also supplied by TRW were
light-weight louver assemblies
which control the temperature on
six of the eight electronic compartments aboard the spacecraft.

COMPUTER "BROWSES" THROUGH
NEW TECHNICAL LITERATURE

A computer system that "browses"
through the new technical literature, and tells each scientist the
latest developments in his particular field, recently began operating at Fort Monmouth, N.J., the
U.S. Army Electronics Command announced. The purpose of the new
automated system, called Selective
Dissemination of Information (SDI),
is to ensure that each scientist is
continuously aware of the latest
technical publications in his field,
without having to spend hours each
week in the library.
Twice monthly, a Burroughs
5500 computer sifts through thousands of newly published technical
reports, articles, and translations.
It then prepares for each scientist
an individualized listing of new
publications in any of 7144 areas
of interest he selects. The listing, in the form of a booklet, is
different for each subscriber, depending upon his technical interests. The computer-printed booklet gives the title, authors,
source, data, and a descriptive
abstract for each pertinent document discovered by the computer.
Full copies of any document cited
are sent to the subscriber by
mail, on request.
The average subscriber selects
about 20 subjects for·his interest
profile, and his semi-monthly bookCOMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for August, 1967

let contains, on the average, about
25 citations. At Fort Monmouth,
there are over 3000 potential users
of 501.
The SDI service is achieved
by special arrangement with the
Defense Documentation Center (DOC),
which collects and indexes technical documents for Defense Department use. Is is one of the
world's largest collection points
for reports in science and technology. DDC sends Fort Monmouth
a special computer tape twice a
month containing a description of
each new document it collects.
The tape includes for each citation a "document profile" that describes the specific subjects covered in that document. These subjects are selected from the same
7144 descriptors used to prepare
the Electronics Command (ECOM) user
"interest profile".

As the parts are received at
the Fisher Body Euclid warehouse,
they are inventoried and loaded onto special wheeled racks. The racks
are then hooked to an automatic
driverless tractor which follows a
cable buried in the floor to a programmed "stop" location in front of
the storage cranes.
After the wheeled racks have
been unhooked from the tractors, an
operator positions the rack for crane
pickup. A punched cRrn accompanies
each card, identifying the rack and
its contents. When the operator inserts the card in a reader, the computer chooses a storage location most
convenient for that particular load
and directs the crane to insert it
there. The storage information is
then put on a memory tape by the
computer for inventory purposes.

About 20 oiher SDI systems,
most of them with relatively small
subscribership, are in operation
in other Government agencies and
in industry. The ECOM system,
which is expected to serve as a
model for an Army-wide 501 service, features low cost, simple
ordering of documents, easy selfprofiling, and use of the immense
document resources of DOC by computer tape exchange. The ECOM
Computation Agency prepared the
computer programs and directs opation of the computer run.

MULTI-UNIT
COMPUTER CONTROLLED
PARTS WAREHOUSE FOR GM

Westinghouse Electric Corp.,
Pittsburgh, Pa., has supplied an
automatic, computer-controlled
storage system for one of the
world's largest warehouses. The
system was installed for the Fisher Body Division of General Motors
Corporation in Euclid, Ohio. The
warehouse will be a key link in
supplying warehoused standard parts
to General Motors assembly plants
across the country.

-- Driverless tractor follows a cable buried in the
floor to a programmed "stop"
location
To retrieve a load, a card
made from the memory tape is inserted in the card reader and the
input process is reversed.

TELESCOPE AIMING SIMULATOR

The mammoth warehouse -- larger than two football fields and
more than five stories high -- contains 7830 storage locations for
more than 4000 different automobile parts.

Lockheed Missiles & Space Co.,
Sunnyvale, Calif., has announced
the completion of a system that simulates telescope aiming tasks astronuats will be called on to perform
on space missions of the future.
NASA is currently studying several
programs which would involve orbiting telescopes, including the Apollo
Applications Program in which the
Apollo Telescope Mount (ATM) will
investigate solar phenomena.

A Westinghouse Prodac 50 computer directs the systems' 15
stacker cranes, each capable of
"pigeon-holing" loads weighing up
to three tons.

The Lockheed simulation device
is a computer-driven astronaut control station with a television display system which shows where and
how well the telescopes, or cameras
41

Newsletter
in the case of the ATM, are aimed
at various celestial bodies, sun
spots, or other solar activity.
In simulating the ATM aiming,
a Lockheed technician (shown in
photo) in the control station moves
the controls, and a computer adjusts the sun's image on the dis-

time it is introduced in the legislative chambers until it is either passed or vetoed by the Governor, is entered into the computer through RCA Video Data Interrogators (VDI). Information is typed
on the VDI by an operator and is
recorded by a stenographer. Only
seconds after this information is
fed into the computer, it can be
retrieved by lawmakers and their
staffs, the Governor, the Cabinet,
the press, lobbyists and visitors.

Decision Control, becomes the new
president of Varian Data Machines.
"The merger with Varian", said
Mr. Herman, "will allow the new subsidiary to grow at a much faster rate
than previously possible."
Varian Data Machines' most rapidly growing product area is the
DATA/620-1 line of small to medium
size general-purpose scientific computers. They also will market the
VersaSTORE line of computer memory
systems and the micro VersaLOGIC
line of integrated circuit digital
modules.

In addition to providing inquiry capability, the RCA computer
each night prints a reference book
on the status of all bills. This
book, delivered to officers and
key legislators each morning, contains bill status up to the end of
the previous day's session, an index to all bills, a daily report
on the previous day's activity,
alphabetical listing of legislators, the bills which they sponsored and other pertinent informati on.

play screen to show how the ATM
would react in space to those control movements.
Dr. Robert L. Martindale, who
supervised construction of the system, explained that many points will
be considered in building real aiming systems, including the necessity for astronauts to point telescope can camera mounts quickly
and accurately.

COMPUTER TO SPEED LAW-MAKING
FOR FLORIDA LEGISLATURE

An RCA Spectra 70/45, assigned
a "front-row seat" in both the House
and the Senate of the Florida Legislature, has the task of keeping
track of all actions taken on more
than 5000 bills scheduled to be introduced during the session. The
computer has the capability of
answering -- within seconds -- each
of more than 4000 questions daily
concerning pending legislation.
Secretary of the Senate Edwin G.
Fraser said the computer system
electronically records every action
on each bill and immediately distributes the information, upon request, to any or all of 27 inquiry
terminals. (These terminals are
located throughout the 130-yearold Capitol Building and its annex,
the Holland Building, both located
in downtown Tallahassee.)
Mr. Fraser explained that every
action taken on a bill, from the

C&S ACQUIRES CCC

Computing and Software, Inc.
(C&S) , Panorama City, Calif., has
announced the acquisition of Consumer Credit Clearance, Inc. (CCC)
of Los Angeles, Calif. Norman E.
Friedmann, President of C&S, said
the acquisition of CCC will add, at
its current sales level, approsimately $1.4 million in profitable
commercial sales to C&S' annual
revenues and provide the company
with further penetration into nongovernment markets. Financial details of the acquisition were not
disclosed.

Technically described as an
on-line, communications computer
system, the RCA network is the
first real-time computer system
used for bill status referral.
More significantly to the computer
industry, it is the first on-line,
communications computer system
with third generation software and
mUlti-programming capabilities in
operation in the U.S.

Friedmann said the newly acquired company will operate as a
wholly-owned subsidiary and will be
a major segment of the company's
Western Computing Operations headed
by Donald L. Drukey, Vice President
of C&S. The current CCC management
will be maintained.

Commenting on future plans,
Secretary Fraser said the Florida
Legislature eventually will store
the entire text of every bill in
the computer. "Thi s will provide
us with computerized printing of
the Senate and House Journals and
will greatly improve legislators'
efficiency in writing and amending bills," he said.

SYSTRON-DONNER ACQUIRES
DATAPULSE, INC.

At a special meeting in midJune, stockholders of Systron-Donner
Corp. (AMEX, PCSE) voted to acquire
Datapulse, Inc., Culver City, Calif.,
it was announced by G. H. Bruns, Jr.,
Systron-Donner president.

ORGANIZATION NEWS

VARIAN DATA MACHINES,
NEW VARIAN SUBSIDIARY

Varian Associates of Palo Alto, Calif., has announced that negotiations between Decision Control, Inc. and Varian Associates
have been completed. Effective
immediately, both Decision Control
and Data Machines will operate as
a subsidiary of Varian Associates,
under the name Varian Data Machines.
They will remain headquartered in
Newport Beach, Calif. Robert W.
Herman, Founder and President of

James S. Johnson, president of
Datapulse, also announced approval
of the acquisition at a simultaneous meeting of Datapulse shareholders.
The transaction, based on the
exchange of one share of SystronDonner for 4~ shares of Datapulse,
may involve up to 172,282 Systron
shares, based on future performance
of Datapulse. Initially 111,505
shares will be issued.
Datapulse will be operated as
a wholly-owned subsidiary of Systron

COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for August, 1967

Newsletter

with the Datapulse top management
_ James S. Johnson, president, and
Stanley S. Keller, financial vicepresident and treasurer - continuing in their present positions,
Mr. Bruns said.

The new organization, to be
known as the Doxiadis System Development Center, will be based in
WaShington, D.C. Chairman is Dr.
Doxiadis, president of Doxiadis
Associates International, Athens,
Greece. Vice chairman is Dr. Thomas C. Rowan, vice president ofSDC.

dustries Division, which is expected to seek other acquisitions," Mr.
Wyly continued. "Manufacture of
computer-related equipment is an
important new field for UCC, which
is currently developing terminal
systems for remote users of UCC
computer utilities."

CONTROL DATA CORPORATION
ANNOUNCES FORMATION OF
CONTROL DATA KOREA

Principal objective of the new
Center, spokesmen said, is to contribute to improved operation of
the contemporary American city and
to better development of future
ci ties. The Center wi 11 pursue
a long-range, continuing study of
the operational problems of the
American city and will create a
training facility for officials
and others concerned with the operation of a city as well as the
direction of its future.

Robert G. Dee has been named
president of Computer Industries
Division, which will be headquartered in Los Angeles. Andrew S.
Huson, president of Benson-Lehner
Corporation, will continue as chief
officer of that company and Arthur
F. Appleton will continue his responsibility as managing director
of Benson-Lehner Ltd.

Staffing the Center will be
leading scientists from the two
firms. They include specialists
in town planning, transportation,
engineering, computer sciences,
economics, mathematics, geography,
sociology, statistics and psychology.

COMPUTING CENTERS

Mr. William C. Norris, President of Control Data Corporation,
Minneapolis, Minn., has announced
the formation of Control Data Korea,
a wholly owned subsidiary of Control Data Corporation.
Control Data Korea, which will
be located in Seoul, will be engaged
in the marketing and servicing of
Control Data computers in Korea as
well as the manufacturing of computer components.
Mr. Ken Wallis will be in
charge of the new manufacturing
operation in addition to his p~es
ent responsibility as Managing Director of Waltek, Limited of Hong
Kong, another wholly owned Control
Data subsidiary engaged in similar
work.

LAWRENCE SYSTEMS MERGES
WITH C.G.s. SCIENTIFIC CORP.

C.G.S. Scientific Corporation,
Southampton, Pa., has announced that
on June 30th Lawrence Systems Corporation, Willow Grove, Pa., merged
with C.G.S.
Lawrence Systems, which manufactures computer controls for materials testing and industrial processes will be operated as a division of C.G.S., which also is active in this field. In addition,
C.G.S. Scientific manufactures
chambers and instrumentation for
the biomedical and aerospace industries.

NEW CENTER ANNOUNCED BY
DR. DOXIADls AND sDC

Creati on of a maj or center for
applied research and training in
operational prOblem-solving for the
American city was announced jointly
in Athens, Greece, by Dr. Constantinos Doxiadis, international urban
authority, and in Washington by the
System Development Corporation (SOC),
a U.S.-based research and development firm.

The Center will work with government agencies, universities and
other educational institutions,
public utilities, business and industry, in attacking economic, social, administrative, technological and cultural problems of urban
areas. Special emphasis will be
placed on conservation of human
and natural resources, safety and
security, and satisfactory operation of the city's services.

UCC PURCHASES BENSON-LEHNER

University Computing Company,
an international computer services
organization headquartered in Dallas, Texas, has purchased the Benson-Lehner Corporation,Los Angeles
manufacturer of peripheral equipment for computer systems, and
Benson-Lehner Ltd. of Southampton,
England, it has been announced by
Sam Wyly, president of University
Computing.

GE ADDS REMOTE PLOTTING
TO TIME-SHARING SERVICE

The General Electric Co. has
expanded the "conversational" features of its nationwide computer
time-sharing service to accomodate
remote digital plotting equipment
manufactured by California Computer
Products, Inc., of Anaheim, Calif.
The first remote plotting to
be available through commercial
time-Sharing computer centers, it
enables engineers, scientists, businessmen, and students to obtain
immediate solutions to computational problems in both graphic and
typewritten form without having to
leave their offices.
Pictured here is the Model 33
teletypewriter (left) and the CalComp Model 565 plotter. Housed in

Benson-Lehner, a 16-year old
specialist in input and output devices for use with computers, and
Benson-Lehner Ltd. were formerly
subsidiaries of UGC Instruments,
Inc., a subsidiary of United Gas
Corporation. Terms of the purchase were $3.3 million cash, Mr.
Wyly said.
"With the acquisition of the
Benson-Lehner companies, University
Computing has formed a Computer In-

COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for August, 1967

the stand under the plotter is a
CalComp Model 210 controller which
monitors all incoming data from the
43

Newsletter
GE computer center and directs it
to either the teletypewriter or
plotter.
According to E. L. McCleary,
manager of marketing for GE's Information Service Department, the
combined time-sharing service with
plotting is locally available in
most metropolitan areas throughout the country.
The CalComp system consists
of a Model 2l~ Remote Plotter Controller and a standard CalComp
500-series plotter. The software
needed to operate remote plotters
was developed by CalComp and now
is available from all GE TimeSharing computer centers. The
leased or purchased equipment operates with the same leased teletypewriter terminal used by subscribers of GE~S time-sharing
service to "talk" with a distant
computer.

SAVINGS & LOAN ASSOCIATIONS
IN FOUR-STATE AREA LINKED
TO NEW $3.6 MILLION CENTER

Savings and loan associations
in a four-state area are being
linked to a $3.6-million computer
center opened in Cleveland, Ohio,
by Champion Services Corporation.
John Hall, Champion Services president, noted that tellers at more
than 40 financial institutions representing $2 2-billion in assets
will use the center to handle all
transactions of their savings and
mortgage loan customers.
0

Terminals, equipped with keyboards, are installed at teller
windows and linked via telephone
lines to two IBM System/360 Model
30s at Champion's co~puter center.
Two additional computers, Mode140s,
are being added this summer.
Mr. Hall said, "some 300 IBM
1062 remote teller terminals will
be in use by our customers in Illinois, Indiana, Ohio and Pennsylvania by the end of the year.
Champion Services will open additional computer centers in Chicago,
Indianapolis and Pittsburgh," he
said. "Until then, customers in
those cities will be serviced by
the Cleveland center."
Whi Ie the maj ori ty of the fi rm' s
customers are savings and loan associations, they also do payroll accounting and inventory control for
a number of manufacturers. In addition, they prepare the student
report cards for Lake County as
well as their class scheduling and
school registration lists.

had no previous experience in computer programming. Norris said he
expects that these courses will be
of especially high interest to many
individuals who are seeking opportunities to change their present
careers, as well as those who wish
to begin their careers in the computer industry.

EDUCATION NEWS

GRADUATION CEREMONIES FOR
ELEVEN VISUALLY HANDICAPPED
COMPUTER PROGRAMMER TRAINEES

Eleven visually handicapped
computer programmer trainees received diplomas last June at graduation ceremonies marking the successfu 1 completi on of nearly 3 year
of intensive study. The course,
first of its kind on the West
Coast, was conducted by System
Development Corporation (SDC) for
the California Department of Rehabili tation.

Courses in Advanced Programming and Analysis will be offered
to persons who have an education
beyond high school or who have had
previous experience or training in
computer programming. These courses
will train students to perform
problem-solving analyses and to
write the programs required to run
these problems on the computer.

The nine-month course invol ved
approximately 120 classroom hours
per month at. a rate of six hours
per day. The curriculum developed
for the course contains significant portions of SDC's standard
employee training program and is
designed to prepare the legally
blind student for a programming
career in either a scientific or
commercial environment.

Control Data Institute students
in Boston will use a full complemerit of Control Data computing equipment in their course work. Enrollment will begin immediately with
classes scheduled to begin this
fall.
(For more information, designate
#41 on the Readers Service Card.)

The graduates are qualified
to enter the field as computer programmers, and with a minimum of
on-the-job training, will be able
to design, test and implement programs to solve problems given them
by a customer or employer.

UNIV. OF PENN'S SIXTH
ANNUAL COMPUTER-MATHEMATICS
SCIENCE PROJECT

Ni nety-two high school students
and 14 teachers from Delaware Valley schools now are learning about
computers at the University of
Pennsylvania's sixth annual computer-mathematics science project.
The 106 participants, selected from
over 1500 applicants, are spending
eight weeks studying mathematics
and computer techniques. They are
divided into basic and advanced
groups.

SDC has conducted computer
programmer t rai ni ng programs since
the late 1950s, and conducts ongoing programs for employees, members of the Armed Forces, and offices of state and local governments.

CONTROL DATA INSTITUTE
ESTABLISHED IN BOSTON

William C. Norris, Chairman
of the Board and President of Control Data Corporation, Minneapolis,
Minn., has announced that the Company has established a Control
Data Institute in Boston, Mass.,
to serve that ci ty' s greater metropolitan area and northeastern
United States.
The new Institute is devoted
exclusively to training computer
programmers. Courses are offered
to the public in both day and evening classes on a tuition-paying
basis.
Programming Technology Courses
are designed for individuals having a high school education, or
equivalent thereof, and who have

The project, a cooperative
venture of the University's Moore
School of Electrical Engineering,
Graduate School of Education, and
Computer Center, is being supported
by a $44,885 grant from the National Science Foundation and by IBM
Corporation, which donated two IBM
1130 computers. The non-credit
summer program is directed by Dr.
S. Reid Warren, Jr., assis~ant vicepresident for undergraduate engineering affairs and by Da~iel AshIer, assistant director for user
services at the University Computer
Center. Charles Dur of the Moore
School staff is assistant director.
The basic course which includes
fi ve hours of classes and "hands-on"
lab work each weekday, covers number theory, abstract algebra, swi tching algebra, linear algebra, formal
logic, as well as computer programming and information processing.

COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for August, 1907

Newsletter
Sixty-six students and 13 teachers
are enrolled in the basic course.

The 27 participants in the advanced course will study computer
applications, including game theory, probability, and the design
and implementation of computer
languages. In their work wi th computing systems they will study
current technology as well as various theoretical problems.
A special f~ature of this
year's program is the use of a new
computer program and language de~
vi sed by a student from last year's
basic course. Eighteen-year-old
Norman Wattenberger, a former Radnor High School student, spent two
months working out SIM30, a program
which he says is "easier to learn
and more logical" for beginnin~ ,
students. Like many graduates of
the basic course, Wattenberger has
returned to the project this year
as a member of the advanced group.

COMPUTER RELATED SERVICES

also will print the ticket in one
second as he watches, thus eliminating the pre-printing and storage
of tickets for public attractions.
Under the plan, theatres,
stadia, arenas and concert halls
will have their seating inventories programmed directly into a central computer at the company's
headquarters. Hundreds of "satell i te" or remote manned Ticketron
entertainment centers, as well as
conventional box offices, will perform the function of distributing
tickets and filling the seats of
places of entertainment.
With the new system, the public will have the convenience of
buying tickets at regular box office prices, plus a nominal service charge, at the Ticketron centers. Orders from customers could
be taken up to one year in advance,
whether placed by individuals, subscription purchasers, theatre party
groups or ticket brokers.

NEW PRODUCTS

TICKETRON CORP.
COMPUTERIZED TICKETSELLING
NATIONWIDE NEXT YEAR

since experience has shown that this
number of communications lines normally can serve more than 100 remote
terminals and each terminal usually
can serve the needs of three or
four individuals. A password technique incorporated into the new system allows confidential data to be
protected against unauthorized or
accidental disclosure.
The GE-420 uses an extended
form of the BASIC computer language,
fi rst developed by Dartmou th college
and used on the GE-265 system.
Present time-sharing users can move
up to the medium-scale GE-420 easi ly
and without retraining. For the
scientific/engineering user, FORTRAN will be available for the
GE-420 during the first quarter of
1968, Mr. Cooper said.
Hardware requirements for the
GE-420 include a 32K GE-415 central
processor, a 16K DATANET-3dID communications processor and a DSU-204
disc storage unit. First deliveries of the GE-420 will be made in
the last quarter of 1967.
(For more information, designate
#42 on the Readers Service Card.)

D igital

James R. Sarver, formerly
project officer, launch instrumentation, for the Apollo program of
the National Aeronautics & Space
Administration, has been elected
executive vice president and chief
technical officer of Ticketron Corporation, Fort Lee, N.J., it was
announced by Charles W. Kallman,
chairman and chief executive
officer.
The company is installing a
system whereby tickets to cultural,
theatrical and sports events will
sold by computer on a nationwide .
basis, whichis expected tobe fully
operational bylate 1968. The firm
has sales offices in New York, Los
Angeles and other major cities.

Mr. Sarver, whose responsibility at NASA was the design, development and operation of groundbased instrumentation and communications systems for the Apollo prQ~
gram, has designed the new ticket'
distribution system, which will be
dependent upon a bank of central
processing equipment, nationwide
communication facilities and a family of ticket-selling terminals.
The system will not only reserve a seat for a customer, but

GE-420 TIME-SHARING SYSTEM

The first in a new "family"
of General Electric time-sharing
computers has been announced by
Vern S. Cooper, manager of the
General Electric Information Systems Marketing Operation. The
GE-420 time-sharing system has many
of the features of GE' s GE-265 timesharing sys tem plus many improvements. Thenew system, for example,
has the ability to permit two programs to reside in core, providing
multi-programming in a time-sharing
environment.
The medium-scale GE-420can be
used as a powerful batch processing system for business data processing and SCientific/engineering
applications when not being utilized for time-sharing, Mr. Cooper
said. This means that the system,
when not dedicated to time-sharing,
can handle overloads from other
data processing systems.
The GE-420 time-sharing system will handle 30 communications
lines concurrently. As many as
300 people can use the GE-420 in
normal time-sharing operations,

COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for August, 1967

Newsletter
MUL TI-PURPOSE COMPUTER FOR
SPACECRAFT, AIRCRAFT

A new mUlti-purpose computer
compact enough to serve as a selfsufficient data processing center
aboard aircraft or spacecraft has
been developed by RCA for the U.S.
Air Force. The computer occupies
3.1 cubic feet of space and weighs
only 120 pounds, yet is capable of
performing a wide range of data processing operations that previously
required computer complexes many
times its size.
Designated VIC, for Variable
Instruction Computer, it has been
under development since 1965 at
RCA's Aerospace Systems Division,
Burlington, Mass., under contract
to the Air Force's Avionics Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force
Base, Ohio.
A key feature of the VIC computer, explained Edwin H. Miller,
Manager, RCA Aerospace Computer Applications, is the RCA-conceived
variable instruction tec-hnique.
Mr. Miller said variable instruction enables the computer to electrically alter its instruction repertoire to perform a multitude of
data processing functions.
This
allows a programmer to vary the source
of information fed into the computer, the function performed on the
information and the destination of
the results.
Among the VIC's design features is the extensive use of integrated circuits to reduce the
number of components and interconnections with a resulting increase
in reliability. The computer also
employs redundancy and a type of
modular construction in which each
maj or functional uni t has bren made
as nearly independent of other
units as possible. The VIC also
can check itself and pinpoint
trouble areas.
The VIC also offers a method
called "graceful degradation" to
prevent catastrophic fai lure. Wi th
this technique, made possi ble by the
computer's flexibility, assurance
is high that the machine will continue to operate even with a malfunction in one of its integral
units or subsystems.
Although the VIC in its basic
unextended version has an 8000-word
memory, the computer can be expanded to a 32,OOO-word memory. Inthis
configuration, it would occupy 4.4
cubic feet and weigh 175 pounds.
(For more information, designate
~43 on the Readers Service card.)

Analog

Memories

GPS 200T ANALOG COMPUTER

PLUG-IN MEMORY PLANES
SPEED SYSTEM ASSEMBLY

GPS Instrument Co., Inc 0, Newton, Mass., has introduced the new
GPS 200T General Prupose Analog
Computer with all solid state construction and unequalled bandwidth
capability. Based on a fullscale
amplifier bandwidth from d.c. to
over one megacycle per second, the
new computer operates from real
time (slow speed) to frequencies
higher than has previously been
possible.

A new core memory storage
plane developed by Ferroxcube Corporation, Saugerties, N.Y.~ features both low cost and substantial
saving of assembly time. Called
"Platrices", they are expected to
find wide application in memory
systems for desk-top business machines, digital instrumentation
and many types of control equipment.

The computer also has all
electronic mode control, individual integrator timescale and mode
selection, push button address,
and the incorporation of digital
logic modules for iterative and
hybrid operation. A master clocking system with precise thumbwheel
timing selectors permits operation
at repetition rates from 10 microseconds to 100 seconds display
time. Two different repetition
rates may be used simultaneously.
A stack of "Platrices" is
mounted on a printed circuit board
as simply as a transistor or other
component. Connection pins at the
bottom of the stack are pushed
through the board and these leads
are then soldered in the usual manner.

The GPS 200T is claimed to
differ from other compact computers in that it is designed for
greater expansion and for highest
possible performance in real time
and repetitive modes. Although
furnished in a compact, desk top
size cabinet, the GPS 200T is expandable to a complement of approximately eighty computing elements.
Because of its speed, entire
output cruves may be displayed on
scopes at eye persistence frequencies. This is a particular boon
in research and exploratory projects because of the ease of observing behaviors while changing
parameters. The firm expects especial interest will be shown in
the educational, research, and
bio-medical fields.
(For more information, designate
~44 on the Readers Service Cards.)

Low cost of the" Platrix" i tself is achieved by special construction utilizing frames of glassepoxy laminate instead of the expensive cut frames of conventional
planes. For high resistance to
shock and vibration, the cores are
fixed to a base plate of the same
material by a special lacquer.
Stacks of up to four "Platrices"
can be furnished with series connected drive lines terminated in
the plug-in connections at the bottom of the stack. Low drive currents (190 rna) allow use of simple
drive and selection circuits. The
planes are wired in 4-wire coincident current scheme.
"Platrices" are available in
8 standard configurations with bit
capacities from 256 to 1024. Nonstandard sizes can be supplied on
special order.
(For more information, desigpate
~46 on the Readers Service Card.)

COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for August, 1967

Newsletter
HONEYWELL ADDS ICM-42
TO CORE MEMORY LINE

Honeywell's Computer Control
Division in Framingham, Mass., has
i nt roduced a low-cos t fast core memory for use in communications,display, telemetry, code conversion,
machine tool control and digital
buffer applications. The new ICM-42
is designed for systems with moderate-to-high data rates requiring
buffering of 1024 to 2048 words.

Software

COMPUTER PROGRAM DEVELOPED
FOR MEDICARE REIMBURSEMENT

Full cycle time is 1.5 microseconds and access time is 700
nanoseconds. The self-contained
system, available in capacities of
2048 words and 1024 words of 12
bits per word, includes address
and information registers, internal timing and control, sense amplifiers, selection switches and
a cooling unit. Operating tempe~
ature range is 0 to 50 0 C.
All circuitry and the core
stack are packaged on removable
printed circuit logic modules for
easy access and maintenance. Both
mechanically and electrically compatible with Honeywell logic modules, the ICM-42 uses integrated
circuits for logic, addressing,
decoding, control, line driving
and sensing functions.
The compact memory is available in two mechanical packages.
The system may be packaged in a
set of six small connector planes
(shown front in photo) for use in
a dr{}weru.l digital logic circuitry,

The National Cash Register Company, Dayton, Ohio, has announced
a "CARES" program for its 315 series of computers which will enable
hospita~s and other medical institutions to choose the best costfinding and reimbursement method
for federal Medicare reimbursement.
CARES is a packaged program available to all NCR 315 users or to
medical ins\itutions through NCR
data processing centers. It is
believed to be the first program
of its kind to be developed in the
computer industry.
Medicare reimbursements are
based on the cost of services rendered. The NCR program provides
for allocation of non-revenue departments against revenue departments in order to reflect reasonable costs in the revenue-producing departments. The differing
reimbursable amounts are then calculated by the program according
to the methods available.
According to law, institutions
must submit a report of cost-finding to the authorized federal agency before settlement can be made,
using one of several allocation
methods to arrive at final cost
figures. In the final analysis,
there are six possible answers
from which to choose on reports
to the federal agencies.
CARES program service will be
available at NCR data centers for
a flat fee per processing, NCR
said, with no limit to the number
of processings per year. The final figures for all methods are returned to the hospital within five
days after receipt of the input form.
(For more information, designate
#45 on the Readers Service Card.)

Data Transmitters
and AID Converters

or as a separately-housed, selfcontained memory unit designed
for rack mounting (rear of photo).
The pluggable core stack and other
circuitry are accessible from the
front of both units.
(For more information, designate
#45 on the Readers Service Card.)

COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for August, 1967

NEW TELETYPE PRINTER
OPERATES AT 150 WPM

The ability to operate at 150
words per minute (15 characters per
second) and print 128 graphics are
key features of the new Model 37
KSR (Keyboard Send-Receive) Set

introduced by Teletype Corporation,
Skokie, Ill. The device is the
first in a full line of data communications equipment and is designed to use the complete U.S.A.
Standard Code for Information Interchange (USASCII). It also can
be used as a computer input/output
deivce, and has applications in
such office routine as the preparation of sales orders and other business forms.
The machine can print in both
upper and lower case letters. The
letters, numbers, and symbols on
the keyboard are arranged similar
to those on a standard typewriter.
To repeat a character, the key is
simply depressed and held below the
normal "down" position.
Designed to utilize an 8-level
code that includes "even" parity,
the Model 37 KSR also can be arranged to operate On 5, 6, or 7level code. The keyboard provides
parallel output and, like the printing mechanism, can be arranged to
meet most code requirements up to
eight levels. The output is serialized by an electronic distributor.
(For more information, designate
#48 on the Readers Service Card.)

UNISCOPE 300, A VISUAL
COMMUNICATIONS TERMINAL

A visual communication terminal, the UNISCOPE 300, designed for
instantaneous viewing of computerstored information, has been developed by Sperry Rand Corporation's
UNIVAC Division, Philadelphia, Pa
Typical applications for the device
include provision of up-to-the-minute information for businessmen on
all facets of their operations, expediting of travel reservations,
and faster customer service at teller's windows in banks.
o

Basically the equipment consists of a keyboard with 61 keys,
a cathode ray tube display screen
and an associated control unit.
The screen has a 10" x 5" fl ickerfree viewing area. Sixteen lines
of information with up to 64 useful characters in each line, totali ng 1024 characters, can be presented
at anyone time. Clear definition
of the characters is aided by a 1.8
microsecond core memory and computertype digital logic circuits.
In operation, an input or inquiry message for the computer is
typed on the keyboard. Each character is immediately displayed on
the screen so that the message can
be visually verified before being

Newsletter
transmitted to the computer. Editing capabilities enable an operator
to insert or delete any Ii ne on the
screen. To each query, an immediate answer will be received from
the computer. Many diggerent queries and replies can be shown concurrently. For purposes of compari son and analysi s the screen can
be split in half or into other
segments.
The device is suitable fonise
as a self-contained unit or in a
multi-station version providing up
to 48 keyboard displays directed
by one control uni 1. Each UNISCOPE
keyboard operates independently of
any other keyboard.
(For more information, designate
~49 on the Readers Service Card.)

Input-Output

TWO HIGH SPEED
PHOTOTYPESETTERS BY
FAIRCHILD GRAPHIC EQUIPMENT

Two high speed phototypesetters
that automatically set quali ty type
for newspaper, commercial and book
printers have been announced by
Fairchild Camera and Instrument
Corporation, Plainview, L.I., N.Y.
The new equiEment, designated PhotOTextSetterW Models "2000" and
"8000" are the first in a new family of phototYResetting machines.
PhotoTextSetter "2000" sets
up to 10 newspaper lines of type
per minute and is capable of producing 10 sizes ranging from five
to 14 point from one type font.
Each font contains two styles of a
type face, such as roman and italic
or roman and bold.

Type is produced by PTS "2000"
with an hourglass-shaped font
(shown above) that contains 216
48

characters; numbers and punctuation symbols. The computer sends
positioning instructions to the
font and optical system for the
selection of characters during
exposure.
An entirely new principle of
non-sequential font scanning is
used by PhotoTextSetter "8000" to
produce up to 80 lines of type per
minute for line measures up to 15
picas. It is capable of setting
six sizes ranging from five to 14
point and can mix two sizes of two
type faces in a single line.
Rectangular font segments
mounted on the surface of a font
carrier are used to set type on
the "8000". Each segment contains
six sizes of a character, number
or punctuation symbol. There are
288 characters, number~ and punctuation symbols of each size, giving the machine 5608 character
positions. This enables the machine to hold two complete type
fonts.
A variety of type faces for
newspaper, commercial and book
printing will be available for
both PTS models. Delivery of PhotoTextSetter "2000" and "8000" wi 11
begin in the third and fourth quarters of this year, respectively.
(For more information, designate
~50 on the Readers Service Card.)

SANDERS 720
DATA DISPLAY SYSTEM

A high-speed electronic system which eliminates the need for
reams of paper and time-consuming
record keeping has been demonstrated by engineers of Sanders Associates, Inc., Nashua, N.H. During
the "paperless" transaction, an
employment application form was
transmitted over telephone lines
from Nashua, N.H. to Boston, Mass.,
displayed on a television-like
screen, filled in electronically
and the new data transmitted back
to Nashua for computer storage, all
in a matter of seconds.
Instead of paper, the Sanders
system employs an 8~ by 11 inch
television-like screen which displays computer-stored data as well
as information being entered into
the computer by the display operator. Unlike typed or written
copy, the electronic "page" requires no erasures. The display
operator can add, correct or delete data at will merely by typing
on a keyboard. An editing feature
enables words, sentences or even

paragraphs to be inserted in the
middle of displayed information and
the text automatically opens up to
make room.
The displax terminal, called
the Sanders 72~ Data Display System, can be located near a computer
or thousands of miles away. When
the displays are employed at remote
locations, they are linked by the
DATA-PHONE which transmits highspeed, bit coded data over regular
telephone lines.
(For more information, designate
~55 on the Readers Service Card.)

MAUCHLY-DATAPORT
PORTABLE TERMINAL

The Mauchly-DATAPORt®, from
Time Sharing Associates, Inc Hartsdale, N.Y., is designed for principal use as input/output equipment
interfaced with a remote computer
system via a standard voice-grade
telephone line. Data are transmitted from a keyboard at transmission rates up to 10 characters per
second; data are received via the
telephone equipment at the same rate
and printed on a paper form. Transmission and reception may be performed in either full- or half-dUplex mode.
q

DATAPORT is a completely integrated package. It is not simply
a teletype machine connected to a
coupler; rather it interfaces
acoustically to any standard telephone to provide, in two lightweight
luggage-like cases, all of the features normally associated with a
teletypewriter, with the added advantage of complete portability.
The PT-l teleprinter is contained in one of the two KydeXD
luggage-like containers; the other
contains the PC-I electronic control circuitry and the Tl-l audio
coupler. A separate, detachable

cable for each module connects the
PT-l and the Tl-l to the PC-I control module. A third cable -- a
standard power cord -- plugs into
any domestic l20v 60cps power
outlet.
COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for August, 1967

Newsletter
DATAPORT serves two distinct
areas of the data-processing community: as an end-user tool, it
is used by scientists and students
for office and home use; as a sales
tool, it serves as a demonstration
device for marketing a time-sharing
service.
(For more information, designate
#54 on the Readers Service Card.)

DATA PROCESSING ACCESSORIES

MODEL 318 DATA TRANSMISSION
INTERFERENCE ANALYZER

Quan-Tech Laboratori es of Whi ppany, N.J., has announced the development of its new Model 318 Data
Transmission Interference Analyzer.
The purpose of thi s device is to
check transmission lines for suitability to relay coded data, and
determine the probability of errors
at the receiving end if data is
transmitted over the line.

POTTER INSTRUMENT MARKETS
FACIY TAPE PUNCH

Faci t 's PE 1500 Tape Punch now
is being offered in this country
by Potter Instrument Company, Inc.,
Plainview, N.Y. Potter has ajoint
marketing agreement with Facit AB
of Sweden, whereby paper tape equi pment will be sold in the U.S.A.,
Canada and Mexico through Potter's
marketing organization.

Problems associated with coded
data transmissions are mainly cross
modulation in the form of interference pulses being imposed on the
data pulse train. These extraneous
pul ses are recei ved at the repeater
units, converted, treated as data
information and restored to the
same transmission proportions as
the data pulse train. Therefore
at the final receiving station the
information can be appreciably different from that originally transmitted. Model 318 will analyze
from one to four data transmission
channels for interference which
could be erroneously interpreted
as data.

Facit's PE 1500 Tape Punch is
recommended for increased computer
output, data transmis~ion, recording of laboratory data and industrial measurements, and duplication
of tapes.

The fully transistorized,electronically synchronized PE 1500 has
electronic control, is convertible
for 5, 6, 7 or 8-track tape, and
punches up to 150 characters-persecond. An automatic motor shutoff contributes to long motor life
and allows for cintinuous operation
5 seconds after the last character
is punched. With a possible choice
of 256 mark combinations, mUltiple
data blocks can be marked off.
The device is not limited to a
single grade and thickness of paper
tape, but can handle various materialS, including plainand metallized
Mylar.
Fad t 's PE 1500 Tape Punch requires only 180 watts of power for
a full-load operation, and is easy
to connect -- input regiater and
wide voltage range for input signals simplify installation.
(For more information, designate
#53 on the Readers Service Card.)

Basically the instrument measures the amplitude and width of impulses occurring in a channel and
counts the number of times that they
fall within certain amplitude and/or
width limits. The data is stored
in memory banks and presented on a
four digit visual readout or to a
printer.

Four separate 8mpli tude threshold channels and four adjustable
pulse width channels may be swi tched
in various combinations to measure
ei ther ampli tude alone, width alone,
or both together. Frequency response
is DC to 15 MHz, threshold sensitivity is 1 to 100 millivolts, and
channel widths are adjustable from
0.1 to 99.9 microseconds.
(For more information, designate
#57 on the Readers Service Card.)

COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for August, 1967

DU PONT ANNOUNCES NEW
MAGNETIC RECORDING TAPES

The Du Pont Company, Wilmington, Del., has announced it will
manufacture and market new, highperformance magnetic recording
tapes incorporating chromium dioxide as the magnetic medium. Trademarked "Crolyn", the new magnetic
tapes have significant advantages
over conventional iron oxide tapes
in computer, instrumentation and
videO recording applications, Dr.
Maurice L. Ward, magnetic tape
manager of the Du Pont Photo Products Department, reports.
"Stated simply, chromium dioxides offer two principal advantages:
higher signal output at the same
degree of resolution, and better
resolution at any given signal output level," Dr. Ward said. "These
advantages accrue from the greater
magnetic strength of chromium dioxides and from precise control of
particle size and shape."
"Crolyn" magnetic tapes have
been tested extensively at Du Pont
and in cooperative programs with
manufacturers of equipment in the
areas of potential use.
Results
indicate that the new tapes will
accept more information per inch
and will record and reproduce high
frequency signals with greater fidelity than present gamma iron oxide tapes. In addition, reduction
of tape speed for longer playing
time or economy appears possible
with "Crolyn" magnetic tapes in a
number of applications.
Chromium dioxides were developed as part of an extensive research program in magnetic materials and magnetism. Patents have
been issued to Du Pont that cover
the chromium diosides, the processes by which they are made, and
the magnetic recording products
containing them.
Only limited quantities of
the tapes are available at present,
but Dr. Ward pointed out that the
manufacturing facility at Newport,
Del, has the potential capacity to
meet marketing needs for the near
future.
(For more information, designate
#56 on the Readers Service Card.)

NEW CONTRACTS
FROM
Burroughs Corporation, Detroit, Mich.

Medi-Data, Inc., Charlotte,
N.C.

EGGG, Inc.

Air Force Systems Command's
Electronic Systems Division
(ESD) , HanscomField, Bedford,
Mass.
Department of Defense, Advanced Research Project Agency
Department of Defense

System Development Corp. (SOC),
Santa Monica. Calif.
General Electric Co., Special
Information Products Dept.,
Syracuse. N.Y.
General Electric Co.

North American Aviation's
Autonetic Division, Anaheim,
Calif •
REDCOR Corporation. Canoga
Park, Cali f •

Hughes Aircraft Co.

Naval Ships Systems Command
Lockheed Missiles and Space
Company. Sunnyvale, Calif.

Purdue University, Lafayette,
Ind.

The National Science Foundation

Hawker Siddeley Dynamics, Hatfield, England

The Boeing Company

California Computer Products,
Inc., Anaheim. Calif.

U. S. Army's Frankford Arsenal

Lockheed Electronics Co.,
Los Angeles. Calif.
Bryant Computer PrOducts,
Walled Lake, Mich.

Bell Telephone Laboratories
Scientific Control Corp.,
Dallas, Texas

Lockheed Missi les & Space Co.,
Sunnyvale. Calif.

The State of Alaska

University of Pennsylvania,
Philadelphia, Pa.

National Science Foundation,
Washington, D.C.

Autonetics. a Division of
North American Aviation. Inc.,
Anaheim, Calif.

Federal Bureau of Investigation

ITT Research Institute,
Chicago, Ill.

National Science Foundation

EVCO, Albuquerque, N.M.

Bureau of Indian Affairs

University of Rochester,
Rochester. N.Y.

Esso Education Foundation

Institute of Computer Technology. Inc., Washington.

U. S. Office of Education

D.C.

Informatics Inc., Sherman
Oaks, Calif.
Recognition Equipment GmbH,
German subsidiary of Recognition Equipment Inc,.
Philco-Ford Corporation's
Philco Houston Operations.
Houston. Texas
Ecco Consulting. Inc., Pittsburgh, Pa.

National Civil Defense Computer Facility (NCOCF). Dept.
of the Arm Washin ton D.C.
German Post Office

Jet Propulsion Laboratory
(JPL) , Pasadena, Calif.
City of Pittsburgh

Two time-sharing B5500 computer systems and
over 200 I/O units to provide instant, twoway communication with the computer center
Development and production of weather chart
transmission and recording equipment
Development of a computer-based information processing system
A van-mounted computer system to be used
for data collection and processing in support of war games field experimentation
Additional large-scale GE-635 c~mputer
equipment, which will compliment GE-635
computer complex installed by Hughes 6
months ago, bringing total value to
over $7 million
An auxiliary memory file for large computers, capable of storing two billion
'bits' of information
A-D multiplexing equipment to be used in
the Poseidon missile program for data
gathering and production testing
Acquisition of a time-sharing computer system -- negotiations are under way to acquire a Control DAta 6500 computer
A computer controlled automatic test equipment complex for aircraft production test
facility at Renton. Wash.
Production of test equipment used for field
testing of Army's computerized artillery
fire control systems -- this is a followon contract increasing original order to
$1,900.000
Design and fabrication of five large,
2-1/2D core memory systems
Purhcase of a complete memory storage
system for time sharing computer
applications
First major implementation phase of a statewide information systems project -- system
will link most of Alaska's governmental
agencies for closer coordination and bring
new efficiency to act'ministrative and clerical tasks
Investigating how computers can aid men
in making animated films for education
and research
Development and testing of an engineering
model of a system to prove the feasibility
of rapid and automatic fingerprint reading
at a very low error rate and reasonable cost
Determining the feasibility of developing
a data file which would contain "chemical
signatures" of organic chemicals
Computer-mediated instruction and closed
circuit television to be used in schools
at Isleta Pueblo
A study to determine effective methods of
teachi ng large undergraduate sci ence classes
through computerized assi stance (in collaboration with the State University of New York
COllege at Geneseo)
Curriculum development in data processing,
specifically for the preparation of a curriculum for training computer operators
Programming support for the Control Data
3600 computer and associated peripheral
ear
An Electronic Retin T Computing Reader on
lease contract to be used in the German
Giro banking system to process more than
500.000 "in payment" forms daily
A study of the operation of America's control center for interplanetary flights of
unmanned spacecraft
Programming, systems analysis and development of a city planning oriented management
information system

$12 million
$3.5 million

$2,685,000
$2.6 milli on
$2.3 million

$1.96 million
$1,245,000
$1.2 million
about
$1 million
$750,000

about
$1/2 million
$240,000
$175,000

$161,000
$115.000

$99,680
$86,100
$46,100

$31,159

COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for August, 19I17

NEW INSY ALLAYIONS
OF
ADVANCE 6040 syste'm
ADVANCE 6050 system

Honeywell 120 computer system

British Petroleum Co., Ltd., London,
England
Societe de Prospection Electrique
Schlumberger. Clamant. France
Gulf Oil Corporation, Houston,
Texas
Wang Laboratories, Inc., Tewksbury,
Mass.
Giant Tiger Stores, Inc., Cleveland, Ohio
Ring Power Corp., Jacksonville,
Fla.

Honeywell 200 computer system

Ford Motor Co., Utica, Mich.

Honeywell 1200 computer system
IBM System/360

Leicester Regional College of Technology. London. England
Automation. Inc •• Omaha, Nebr.
J. R. Ahart, Inc., Dayton, Ohio

Girard Trust Bank, Philadelphia, Pa,
IBM System 360 Model 30

Armco Steel Corp., Middleton, Ohio

IBM System/360 Model 40

Suburban Trust Company, Hyattsville, Md.
Applied Data Research, Inc., Washington, D.C.

IBM 1800 system
NCR 315 computer system

Thomas Washington (a Scripps Institution of Oceanography research
vesselL
Tootsie Roll Industries, Inc.,
Hoboken, N.J.

NCR Series 500

Cater Ryder and Company Ltd.,
London, England
(3 systems)

RCA Spectra 70 45 computer system

Florida Power &Light Co., Miami, Fla.
(2 computers)
RCA Electronic Components & Devices,
Harri~on, N.J.
.
The Diners' Club, Inc., New York,
N.Y.
Sunset House, Los Angeles, Calif.

SDS Sigma 2 computer

Elbit Computers Ltd., Haifa, Israel

SDS Sigma 7 computer

University of California, Berkeley,
Calif.

UNIVAC 491 real-lime computer system

Berliner Kraft und Licht AG (BEWAG)
(Berlin Gas and Electricity Corporation), West Berlin, Germany

UNIVAC 492 real-time computer system

Royal Navy Store Depot, Copenacre,
Wiltshire in Southern England; a
second system at Spare Parts Distribution Center, Eaglescliffe,
County Durham in Northern England
Computer Sciences Corp., El Segundo,
Calif.
Jeppesen & Co., Denver, Colo.

UNIVAC 1108 computer
UNIVAC 9200 computer system

Leiman-Scott, Inc., Denver, Colo.

COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for August, 1967

Correction and analysis of seismic records
Well logging operations
Processing seismic data logs
Inventory control, accounts receivable and payroll
functions
Maintaining both a perpetual inventory and a continuing breakdown of sales information; also accounts
payable. payroll and open-to-buy functions
Computing economic order quantities, control parts
receiving, storage and consumption by customer; computing sales of 40,000 different parts and products
in five branches; also customer billing and all general accounting functions
Scheduling production and distribution of seats, interior door panels, other soft trim elements, and
safety items required for all Ford vehicles
Computer-aided instruction programs and general data
processing studies
On-line communication system
Scheduling and assistance on building projects; plots
types of materials needed fora given structure; also
suggests how materials should be employed and when
construction should begin to meet completion dates
Answering telephone calls (about 2000 per day at present) as well as demand-deposit accounting, personal
trust work and man other assi nments
Serving as electronic switchboard for thousands of
messages daily, monitoring communication network for
machine or line failures; logs all message traffic,
provides data on traffic loads and efficent use of
terminals at branch office and plant sites
Audio response system -- system includes IBM 7770
audio response equipment, and over 250 touch-tone
telephones at 38 branch offices
New data processing service center which will function in conjunction with ADR's Washington office
(system valued at over $1 million)
Gathering and acting on information obtained from
the sea without waiting for processing by landbased computers
Inventory control of over 100 items, order entry, invoicing, accounts receivable and shipping arrangements,
and automatically provides customer histories
Firm's main calculating and accounting work each day;
one computer is employed on securi ties department
work; the second, on bill and bond work; and thethird,
is used on general accounts, rebates and partly on
bills and securities and as 'back-u ' ca acit
Cornerstone of a complete management information
system
Customer billing, inventory record-keeping and other
chores for16 warehouses and distribution centers
Incorporation into firm's computer complex to speed
billing of more than 1.5 million credit card holders
Handling firm's customer file, statistical market research analysis, among wide variety of other uses
Design and evaluation of computer systems as well as
for general computational purposes
Helping perfect analytical techniques that could detect and identify molecular fossils in meteorites
and returned lunar samples
Calculation of fuel and utili ty costs, processing over
a million customers' bills eachmonth; various scientific studies re performance of its generating plants
(system valued at about $1 million)
Control of the distribution of naval stores
(systems valued at about $3.5 million)

Heart of CSC's international remote computing
network
General and cost accounting; additionally, it will
process production control data and prepare copy for
the Jeppesen Airline and Airway Manual Services
Handling customer invoices, inventory control,
sales analysis and payroll processing

MONTHLY COMPUTER CENSUS
The number of electronic computers installed or on order at
anyone time has been increasing rapidly during the past several
years. New models have been offered in the computer market, and
familiar machines have gone out-of-production and subsequently
been retired from active use and dismantled. Some new computers
have been received with open arms by users others have been
given the cold shoulder.
To aid our readers in keeping up with this rapidly changing
profile of computer use, COMfUTERS AND AUTOMATION presents this
monthly report on the number of general purpose electr,onic digi tal computers made by U.S.-based companies which are installed
or on order as of the preceding month. These census figures include . installations and orders outside the United States. The
figures are compiled and updated each month by the International

Data Corpo-ration, Newton, Mass., a market research firm specializing in the computer industry. We hope they will serve as a
useful "box-score" of progress fo~readers interested in following the growth of the American Computer Industry and of' the computing power it builds.
In general, manufacturers in the computer field do not officially release installation and on order figures. The figures
in this census are developed through a continuing market survey
conducted by the International Data Corporation. This market
research program compiles and maintains a worldwide computer installation locator file which identifies, by customer, the installation sites of electronic computers. The resulting census
counts are submitted to the individual computer manufacturers for
thei r revi ew and voluntary confi rmati on.

AS OF JUNE 10, 1967
NAME OF
MANUFACTURER
Autonetics
Bunker-Ramo Corp.

Burroughs

Control Data Corporation

Data Machines, Inc.
Digital Equipment Corp.

Electronic Associates
EMR Compu ter Di v •

General Electric

Honeywell

Inc.

NAME OF
COMPUTER
RECOMP II
RECOMP III
BR-130
BR-133
BR-230
BR-300
BR-330
BR-340
205
220
B100
B200 Series
B300 Series
82500
83500
85500
86500
88500
G-15
G-20
LGP-21
LGP-30
RPC-4000
160*/160A/160G
924/924A
1604/1604A
1700
3100/3150
3200
3300
3400
3600
3800
6400/6500
6600
6800
620
6201
PDP-I
PDP-4
PDP-5
PDP-6
PDP-7
PDP-8
PDP-9
PDP-lO
8400
ASI 210
ASI 2100
ADVANCE 6020
ADVANCE 6040
ADVANCE 6050
ADVANCE 6070
ADVANCE 6130
115
205
210
215
225
235
415
425
435
625
635
645
DDP-24
DDP-1I6
DDP-124
DDP-224
DDP-516
H-120
H-200
H-400
H-800
H-1200
H-1400
H-1800

SOLID
STATE?
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
semi
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
y
y
y
y
y
y

Y
Y
y
y
y
y

Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
y
y
y
y
y
y

Y
Y
y
Y
Y

AVERAGE MONTHLY
RENTAL
$2495
1495
$2000
$2400
$2680
$3000
$4000
$7000
$4600
$14,000
$2800
$5400
$9000
$5000
$14,000
$22,000
$33,000
$200.000
$1600
$15,500
$725
$1300
$1875
$2100/$5000/$12,000
$11,000
$45,000
$3500
$10,000
$14,000
$19,500
$18,000
$48,000
$49,300
$52,000
$117,000
$130.000
$900
$500
$3400
$1700
$900
$10,000
$1300
$525
$1000
$7500
12 000
$3850
$4200
$4400
$5600
$9000
$15,000
1000
$1800
$2900
$16,000
$6000
$8000
$10,900
$9600
$18,000
$25,000
$50,000
$56,000
90 000
$2500
$900
$2050
$3300
$700
$3900
$8400
$8500
$28,000
$3800
$14,000
$42,000

DATE OF FIRST
INSTALLATION
11/58
6 61
10 61
5/64
8/63
3/59
12/60
12/63
1/54
10/58
8/64
11/61
7/65
2/67
5/67
3/63
2/68
8/67
7/55
4/61
12/62
9/56
1/61
5/60;7/61 ;3/64
8/61
1/60
5/66
12/64
5/64
9/65
11/64
6/63
2/66
5/66
8/64
6/67
11/65
5/67
11/60
8/62
9/63
10/64
11/64
4/65
12/66
7/67
6 65
4 62
12/63
4/65
7/65
2/66
10/65
2 67
12 65
6/64
7/59
9/63
4/61
4/64
5/64
6/64
9/65
4/65
5/65
7 66
5 63
4/65
3/66
3/65
9/66
1/66
3/64
12/61
12/60

2/66
1/64
1/64

NUMBER OF
INSTALLATIONS
30

6
160
42
15
33
28
20
38
31
194
608
290
7

2
70

o
o

273
25
160
132
63
462
28
58
85
115
66
75
19
45
21
16
26

3
59
55
114

22
165
795
24

18
26
7

, 15
9
11
7

18
380
42
45
54
202
85
275
98
32
25
24
2
86
170
36
52
47
540
1110
99
90
128
12
20

NUMBER OF
UNFILLED ORDERS

x
X
X
26
X
X
X
X
X
X
13
18
150
45
50
20
6
4
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
185
30
X
50
X
X
10

22
17
2
10
44
X
X
X
X

20
130
70
16
9
X
X
12
12
12
8
24
650
X
X
X
X
10
70
46
16
17
16
7
X
42
34

8
155
240
92
X
X
91
X
1

COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for August, 1967

NAME OF
MANUFACTURER
(cont'd)
Honeywell
IBM

National Cash Register Co,

Philco
Radio Corporation of America

Raytheon
Scientific Control Corporation

Scientific Data Systems, Inc,

Systems Engineering Labs

UNIVAC

NAME OF
SOLID
COMPUTER
STATE?
H-2200
Y
H-4200
Y
Y
H-8200
305
N
y
360/20
Y
360/30
Y
360/40
Y
360/44
Y
360/50
y
360/65
y
360/67
y
360/75
Y
360/90 Seri es
650
N
1130
Y
Y
1401
Y
1401-G
Y
1401-H
Y
1410
Y
1440
Y
1460
y
1620 I, I!
1800
Y
N
701
Y
7010
702
N
y
7030
N
704
Y
7040
y
7044
705
N
Y
7070, 2, 4
y
7080
N
709
y
7090
y
7094
y
7094 I!
NCR-304
Y
NCR-310
Y
y
NCR-315
Y
NCR-315-RMC
Y
NCR-390
NCR-500
Y
1000
Y
2000-210, 211
Y
y
2000-212
y
RCA 301
y
RCA 3301
RCA 501
Y
y
RCA 601
y
Spectra 70/15
y
Spectra 70/25
y
Spectra 70/35
y
Spectra 70/45
y
Spectra 7OL55
250
Y
440
Y
y
520
y
650
y
655
y
660
y
670
y
6700
SOS-92
Y
SOS-9l0
Y
y
SDS-920
SOS-925
Y
y
SOS-930
y
SOS-940
y
SDS-9300
y
Sigma 2
y
Sigma 5
y
Sigma 7
y
810
y
810A
y
840
840A
Y
I & I!
N
II!
Y
File Computers
N
Solid-State 801, II,
y
90 I, I! & Step
y
418
490 Series
Y
1004
Y
1005
Y
1050
Y
1100 Series (ex1107
&
1108)
cept
N
1107
Y
1108
Y
y
9200
y
9300
LARC
Y

AVERAGE MONTHLY
RENTAL
$12,000
$20,500
$35,000
$3600
$2000
$7500
$15,000
$10,000
$26,000
$50,000
$75,000
$78,000
$140,000
$4800
$1200
$6600
$2300
$1300
$14,200
$4800
$11,500
$4000
$7600
$5000
$22,600
$6900
$160,000
$32,000
$22,000
$32,000
$38,000
$27,000
$55,000
$40,000
$63,500
$72,500
F8,500
$14,000
$2500
$8500
$12,000
$1850

DATE OF FIRST
INSTALLATION
1/66
6/67
4/68
12/57
12/65
5/65
4/65
7/66
8/65
11/65
10/66
2/66
6/67
11/54
2/66
9/60
5/64
5/67
11/61
4/63
10/63
9/60
1/66
4/53
10/63
2/55
5/61
12/55
6/63
6/63
11/55
3/60
8/61
8/58
11/59
9/62

~1500

lOL65

$7010
$40,000

6/63
10/58

~52,OOO

$7000
$17,000
$14,000
$35,000
$4100
$6700
$10,400
$17,400
$40,500
$1200
$3500
$3200·
$500
$1800
$2000
$2600
$30,000
$1500
$2000
$2900
$3000
$3400
$10,000
$7000
$1000
$6000
$12,000
$1000
$900
$1400
~1400

$25,000
$20,000
$15,000

NUMBER OF
UNFILLED ORDERS
62
12
6

5/66
10/66
10/65
5/66
10/67
4/65
8/62
9/62
12/64
6/64
4/66
11/64
12/66
8/67
12/66
9/65
8/66
11/65

NUMBER OF
INSTALLATIONS
44
0
0
118
3600
4400
2350
70
410
100
10
24
0
148
1700
7650
1610
12
822
3600
1695
1670
220
1
220
7
6
27
122
133
46
313
85
8
37
105
144
24
14
512
52
300
1370
16
16
12
635
75
96
3
120
70
33
67
5
175
20
27
15
1
2
1
0
110
210
170
45
220
21
32
17
0
7
24
26
4

8L66

23
67
13

X
X
X

33
58
40
200
16

4L64
1/60
5/61
5/62
9/65
5/61

1L63
2/61
7/64
6/59
11/62
9/65
9/65
1/67
11/65
11/66
12/60
3/64

lOL65

3/51 & 11/57
8/62
8/56

$8000
$11,000
$35,000
$1900
$2400
$8000

8/58
6/63
12/61
2/63
4/66
9/63

222
118
160
3195
740
285

$35,000
$55,000
$65,000
$1500
$3400

12/50
10/62
9/65
6/67
7/67

~135,OOO

5L60

9
33
58
2
0
2
49,299

6600
4200
1800
190
880
300
51
39
19
X

4800
X
X

85
44
175
X

80
350
X

4
X
X
X

4
8
X
X
X
X
X
X

2
X
X

115
41
12
780
X
X
X
X
X
X
X

120
58
140
105
14
X

0
1
13
2
1
2
1
65
40
30
30
45
30
10
200
28
25
X

17
X

X
X

75
1100
650
X

TOTALS
26,340
X
no longer in production,
• To avoid double counting, note that the Control Oata 160 serves as the central processor of the NCR 310, Also, customers ordering a new
computer model intended to replace a computer model in the same product line may continue to use much of their current peripheral equip-.
ment, which can account for 30-70"~ of the value of the total computer system,

COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for August, 1967

BOOKS AND OTHER PUBLICATIONS
Neil Macdonald
Assistant Editor
Computers and Automation

Lecht, Charles Philip / The Programmer's ALGOL: A Complete Reference
/ McGraw-Hill Book Co., Inc., 330
West 42nd St., New York, N.Y. 10036
/ 1967, hardbound, 252 pp., $8.95
This book provides a technical description of ALGOL, graded from the simplest
to the most complex forms of its elements.
The ten statements and declarations of
ALGOL have been expanded to appear
as if they were composed of many more
instructions. The author's purpose in
doing this was to reduce much of the
inference and deduction commonly required of programmers when they use
the general forms customary in ALGOL
presentations. Appendices present a list
of mathematical functions available in
most ALGOL compilers, a set of representative ALGOL programs, and a glossary of terms.

We publish here citations and brief
reviews of books and other publications
which have a significant relation to computers, data processing, and automation,
and which have come to our attention.
We shall be glad to report other information in future lists if a review copy
is sent to us. The plan of each entry is:
author or editor / title / publisher or
issuer / date, hardbound or softbound,
number of pages, price or its equivalent /
comments. If you write to a publisher
or issuer, we would appreciate your mentioning Computers and Automation.

Reviews

Golde, HeIImut / Fortran II and IV for
Engineers and Scientists / The Macmillan Co., 60 Fifth Ave., New York,
N.Y. 10011 / 1966, paperbound, 224
pp., $
This is a thorough study of the FORTRAN language, independent of any
particular computer. The author is an
Associate Professor of Electrical Engineering at tbe University of Washington,
and the book is based on his experience in
teaching students how to use FORTRAN.

Seligsohn, I. J. / Your Career in Computer Programming / Julian Messner,
One West 39th St., New York, N.Y.
10018 / 1966, hardbound, 222 pp.,
$3.95
This is an interesting book written· in
a popular style, by a person who is well
informed in the computer field. It could
be very useful to a great number of
people.

This announcement is neither an offer to sell nor a solicitation of an offer to buy any of these securities.
The offering is made only by the Prospectus.
NEW ISSUE

$25,000,000

Leasco Data Processing Equipment Corporation
5 3/4% Senior Subordinated Debentures due July 1, 1987
with Warrants for the Purchase of 200.000 Shares of Common Stock

•
Price 100%
plus accrued interest from July 1. 1967

Copies of the Prospectus may be obtained in any State only from such of the several underwriters. including the undersigned. as may lawfully offer the securities in such State.

White, Weld & Co.
Bacon, Whipple & Co.
Glore Forgan, Wm. R. Staats Inc.
Loeb, Rhoades & Co.

Goodbody & CO.

McCarthy, John, and 12 more authors /
Information / W. H. Freeman and Co.,
660 Market St., San Francisco, Calif.
94104 / 1966, hardcover, 218 pp.,
$5.00
This is a reprint of a famous issue of the
Scientific American (September, 1966),
which contained many very important articles by 13 authors related to computers
and information. Interesting, important,
and useful.
Smith, Frank, and George A. Miller, eds.,
and 13 authors / The Genesis of Language: A Psycholinguistic Approach /
The M.I.T. Press, 50 Ames St., Bldg.
E-19, Room 741, Cambridge, Mass.
02142 / 1966, hardbound, 400 pp.,
$10.00
This book consists of 12 papers presented at a conference on "Language Development in Children" sponsored by the
National Institute of Child Health and
Human Development in April, 1965.
Investigations reported range from the
private verbal activity of children to the
syntax-learning ability of. chimpanzees.
An abstract of recent Russian work in
the psychology of language learning is
given in the appendix.
This is a thoughtful book and contains
a summary of current thinking on the
nature of language.
Nyers, Charles A., Editor and 10 authors
/ The Impact of Computers on Management / The M.I.T. Press, 50 Ames
St., Cambridge, Mass. 02142 / 1967,
hardcover, 310 pp., $10.00
The papers on which this book is based
were presented at a research conference
in April 1966 at the Sloan School of
Management at M.I.T. Subjects include:
"The Impact of Information Technology
on Organizational Control"; "Computers
and Organization Structure in Life Insurance Firms"; "The External and Internal Economic Environment"; "Computers
and Profit Centers"; and "Changes in
Management Environment and Their Effect Upon Values." Edited versions of
taped discussions at the conference follow
the presentation of each paper. The appendix presents a case study of the implementation of computerized programs
in an integrated manufacturing company.

Hornblower & Weeks-Hemphill, Noyes
Salomon Brothers & Hutzler

Incorporated

Stone & Webster Securities Corporation
July 7. 1967

The language is illustrated with a number of typical scientific and engine~ing
problems taken from many different disciplines such as: the analysis of a simple
electronic circuit; the numerical integration of a function and the refraction of
light by a prism. About half of these
problems are accompanied by a reproduction of the actual computer output.
Exercises are presented at the end of each
chapter.

Designate No. 12 on Reader Service Card

Seligsohn, I. J. / Your Career in Computer Programming / Julian Messner,
One West 39th St., New York, N.Y.
10018 / 1966, hardbound, 222 pp.,
$3.95

COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for August, 1967

This is an interesting book written in
a popular style, by a person who is well
informed in the computer field. It could
be very useful to a great number of
people.
McCormack, John M., and Mario D.
Salvadori / Numerical Methods in
Fortran / Prentice-Hall Inc., Englewood Cliffs, N.J. / hardbound, 1964,
324 pp., $ ?
This is a book for those who have a
knowledge of elementary calculus and
wish to apply this knowledge to FORTRAN. Chapters in Section I (pp. 1146) include: Computers and Programming; Approximate Computations; Differentiation, Integration, Interpolation,
and Extrapolation; Solution of Algebraic
and Transcental Equations; Simultaneous
Linear Algebraic Equations; Ordinary
Boundary-value Problems; Ordinary Initial-Value Problems; Two-dimensional
Problems. Each chapter presents problems for the student; answers appe"ar
later in the book. Section 2 (pp. 147317) presen ts FORTRAN problems, flow
charts, and beginner's hints and examples,
all associated specifically with the numerical methods to which each program
applies.
Desi~n Quarterly 66/67, including 9 au-

thors of articles / Design and the Computer / Design Quarterly, Walker Art
Center, 1710 Lyndale Ave. South,
Minneapolis, Minn. 55403 / 1966,
paperbound, 71 pp., $2.00
Many illustrations accompany these articles on how and why the computer is
used in design. The articles are "Computer-Aided Design," "Computer Graphics," "Design Augmented by Computers,"
"Problem-Solving Processes in Planning
and Design," "Computer-Augmented Design," "Computers, Printing, and Graphic
Design," "Computer-Generated Movies,
Designs and Diagrams," and "Computers
and the Visual Arts." Also included is a
one-page glossary of computer terms. The
authors include Kenneth Knowlton and
A. Michal Noll.
Sheridan, Thomas B., and Sylvia R.
Mayer / Design and Use of Information Systems for Automated on-the-job
Training I: Conceptual and Experimental Approaches ' - AD 602041 /
Clearinghouse for Fed. Scientific and
Technical Information, Dept. of Commerce, Washington, D.C. / 1963,
paperbound and xeroxed, 97 pp., $ ?
The purpose of this report is the development of automated training subsystems
for information systems; the authors believe that these Systems could also "train
their human components to use and maintain them." Sections include: "Studies on
a Method for Self-Instruction in Task
Logic," "Studies on Information-Solicitation and Problem-Solving Training,"
"The Phylogenic Concept of Program
Order," "The long range objective of
this work is to provide principles upon
which to design into conventional information systems the capacity to train automatically their own users."

Good news
for digital head hunters
If you have a genuine desire to get a
head - the kind that won't shrink from
the most demanding digital task-then
we respectfully suggest that you head
for CEC.
And for these heady reasons:
Only CEC digital heads are designed to
upgrade all present computer systems.
CEC's years of leadership in producing
digital heads for IBM compatible
transports, airborne transports and
incremental transports have provided
the technological experience necessary
to supply a complete line of digital
heads at packing densities of 1600 BPI
with no degradation in output. Furthermore, advanced manufacturing techniques and tight quality control assure
that critical parameters such as selferasure, crosstalk and skew far surpass
the most demanding specifications.
Only CEC digital heads are guaranteed
to 2500 hours, including 9-channel
types. Result: replacement costs have

COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for August, 1967

been dramatically reduced, and digital
recorders can stay "on line" for far
longer periods without time-consuming
repairs or cleaning.
Only CEC has the advantage of Bell &
Howell's advanced Research Center,
which has assisted in the selection of
superior materials that provide outstanding magnetic properties and an
extremely low wear rate.
Is it any wonder that success has gone
to our heads?
For all the facts about this advanced,
complete line of digital magnetic heads,
call your nearest CEC Field Office. Or
write Consolidated Electrodynamics,
Pasadena, California 91109. A subsidiary of Bell & Howell. Bulletin Kit
319-Xl.

CEC
DATATAPE PRODUCTS

BELL EJ HOWELL
Designate No. 13 on Reader Service Card

Computer
Program Design
(Southern California)
HUGHES Guidance and Controls
Division has several openings for
qualified persons who have the
ability to create complex digital
computer programs-and the desire
to do the job thoroughly and efficiently. Satisfaction of current
commitments on such systems as:
PHOENIX. IRAM. VATE and ASG-18
requires experience in the design
of real-time command and control
programs. or of software programs
for execution on an IBM 7094 or
GE 635 computer.

Responsibilities include: specification, design. implementation, checkout and support of computer
programs for a wide variety of
applications including:
• Airborne Navigation & Fire
Control
• Digital Simulation of Airborne
Computer and its environment
• Automatic In-Flight & Depot
System Testing
II Assemblers & Compilers
.. Automation of Electronic
Equipment Design
Requires: an accredited degree in
Engineering or Mathematics, a minimum of three years of professional
experience and U.S. citizenship.
Please airmail your resume to:
Mr. Robert A. Martin
Head of Employment
HUGHES Aerospace Divisions
11940 W. Jefferson Blvd.
Culver City 4.9, California

r------------------,

:L __________________
HUGHES:J
HUGHES AIRCRAFT COMPANY

NEW PATENTS
Raymond R. Skolnick
Patent Manager
Ford Instrument Co.
Div. of Sperry Rand Corp.
Long Island City, N.Y. 11101
The following is a compilation of
patents pertaining to computers and associated equipment' from the "Official
Gazette of the U. S. Patent Office,"
dates of issue as indicated. Each entry consists of: patent number I inventor(s) I assignee I invention. Printed
copies of patents may be obtained from
the .u.S. Commissioner of Patents,
Washmgton, D.C. 20231, at a cost of
50 cents each.
May 16, 1967

June 13, 1967

3,320,592 I John L. Rogers, Hermosa
Beach, and Horace T. Mann, Palos
Verdes Estates, Calif. I by mesne assignments to TRW Inc. I Associative
Memory System.
3,320,594 / Paul M. Davies, Manhattan
Beach, Calif. I TRW Inc. I Associative Computer.
3,320,595 I Gilbert Yanishevsky, Phila.,
Pa. I Burroughs Corp. I Character
Generation and Control Circuits.
3,320,597 / Joseph W. Hart, Audubon,
Pa. I Burroughs Corp. I Magnetic
Data Store with Nondestructive ReadOut.
3,320,598 I Jack Star, San Carlos, Calif.
I Ampex Corp. I Self-Clocking Complementary Redundant Recording System.

May 23, 1967
3,321,611 / Terry A. Jeeves, Penn Hills,
Pa. / Westinghouse Electric Corp. I
Logic Circuitry for Binary Full Adder
Employing M~lti-Element Diode Strips.
3,321,749 I William M. Overn, Egan
Township, Dakota. County, Minn. I
Sperry Rand Corp. I Magnetic Memory Apparatus.

May 30, 1967

AEROSPACE DIVISIONS

3,322,965 I David R. Bennion and William K. English, Menlo Park, and
David Nitzan, Palo Alto, Calif. I AMP,
Inc. / Magnetic Logic Circuit.
3,323,112 / Donald E. Haselwood, Deerfield, and Carl M. Solar, Chicago, III.
I A. C. Nielsen Co. I Data Handling
System.

June 6, 1967

An equal opportunity employer - M & F

3,324,456 / Charles W. Brown, Burbank,
and Grey E. Stone, Covina, Calif. I
General Precision, Inc., a corporation
of Delaware I Binary counter.
3,324,459 I Robert L. Woolfolk, Dallas,
Texas I by mesne assignments, to Sperry Rand Corp., N.Y. I Program changing in data processing.
3,324,460 I Eugene Leonard, Sands
Point, Edward M. Richards, East
Northport, Edgar Wolf, New Hyde
Park, Marvin Shapiro, Huntington,
and Miles Skrivanek, Jr., Glenwood
Landing, N.Y. I Digitronics Corp.,
Albertson, N.V. I Serial information
transfer system.
3,324,462 / Michael Godfrey Hannan,
Stroud Green, London, England / The
National Cash Register Co., Dayton,
Ohio I Magnetic memory elements
and matrices.

3,323,722 I Laurence J. Marhoefer, Jackson Heights, N.Y. I U.S. Army / Pure
fluid shift register.
3,324,307 / Robert N. Mellot, Northridge, and Robert Feuer and Robert H.
Cole, Canoga Park, Calif. / The Bunker-Ramo Corp., Canoga Park, Calif. /
Flip-flop circuit.
3,324,455 I Jean-Jacques G. Mayer,
Paris, France I Societe Nouvelle
d'Electronique & de la Radio-Industrie,
a corporation of' France I Minority
logical operator.

3,325,789 I William E.. Glenn, Jr., Scotia, N.V. / General· Electric Co., N.V.
I Reliability information storage and
readout utilizing a plurality of optical
storage medium locations.
.
3,325,790 / Eli Gloates, Haddonfield,
N.J" and Laszlo L. Rakoczi, Phoenix,
Arizona I Radio Corporation of America, a corporation of Delaware / Logic
circuitry adapted to control the transfer of information to a storage element.
3,325,792 / Kenneth Charles Arthur
Bingham, Chalfont St. Peter, Peter
Mossman, Amersham, Donald Martin
Rushmer, Ickenham, Middlesex, and
Michael Williams, Watford, England I
The General Electric Co., Ltd. London, England / Thin film magnetic
storage device.
.
3,325,793 I Quinton W. Simkins, Poughkeepsie, and Norbert G. Vogl, Jr., Albany, N.Y. / International Business
Machines Corp., N.Y. / Capacitive
noise cancellation in a magnetic memory system.
June 20, 1967
3,327,296 I Arthur J. Radcliffe, Jr., Orlando, Fla. / Radiation, Inc., Melbourne, Fla. I Core memory circuit.
3,327,297 / Ian M. Croll, Pleasantville,
N.Y. / International Business Machines
Corp., N.Y. / Magnetic memory element.

June 27, 1967
3,328,566 I James E. Kinzie, Oceanside,
John W. Pross, Jr., Escondido, Robert
B. Steves, Vista, and Arville T. Trostrud, Encinitas, Calif. I Gimeral Precision, Inc., a corporation of Delaware
I Input-output system for a digital
computer.
3,328,567 I Akira Kamoi and Masakazu
Ejiri, Tokyo-to, Japan / Kabushiki
Kaisha Hitachi Seisakusho, Tokyo-to,
Japan I Digital adding and subtracting device.
3,328,597 / James E. De Witt, Waukesha, and Roy Hyink and Richard P.
Potter, Wauwatosa, Wis. / CutlerHammer, Inc., Milwaukee, Wis. /
Magnetic memory' means an~ systems.

COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for August, 1967

0' THE

~ tlnnutI' edition

COMPUTER DIRECTORY

AND

BUYERS' GUIDE, 1967
the regular June issue of Computers and Automation

Contents
• Roster of Over 960 Organizations In the Computing and Data Processing Field
• Special Geographically Arranged Rosters:
-

Computing, Data Processing, and Consulting Services

Organizations Supplying Entire Equipments for Computing and Data Processing Systems

Organizations Providing Leasing or Financial Services in the Computer Field

Commercial Time-Shared Computing Services

Organizations Supplying Courses, Training or Instruction in Computing, Programming, or Systems

• A Roster of 40 Important Programming Languages, including descriptions

a~d

references

• 30 Characteristics of each of over 200 General Purpose Digital Computers
• Roster of Over 290 College and University Computer Centers

Plus
World Computer Census / A Glossary of 70 Key Ideas in Computing a~d Data Processing /
Ranges of Computer Speeds of Commercial Computers /
Over 1200 Applications of Computers /
and much more!

Price
• for Subscribers to Computers and Automation whose present subscription does not include the "Computer Directory" (your magazine address label is marked *N) ..
$7.50
• for Nonsubscribers .................................................. $12.00

Send prepaid orders to:

Computers and Automation

815 Washington Street

Newtonville, Mass. 02.160

If not satisfactory, returnable in seven days for full refund.

CALENDAR OF COMING EVENTS

Aug. 7-11, 1967: 12th Annual Technical Symposium of the
Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers, International Hotel, Los Angeles, Calif.; contact Dr. John H. Atkinson, Technical Program Chairman, S.P.I.E. Symposium, P.O.
Box 288, Redondo Beach, Calif. 90277
Aug. 7-23,1967: Association for Symbolic Logic summer school
and meeting, The University of Leeds, Leeds, England; contact M. H. Lob, Dept. of Mathematics, The University of
Leeds, Leeds, England
Aug. 13-18, 1967: SHARE Meeting, Carillon/Deauville Hotel,
Miami, Fla.; contact C. M. Kromp, Computing Center, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Fla. 33124
Aug. 22-25, 1967: WESCON (Western Electronic Show and
Convention), Cow Palace, San Francisco, Calif.; contact Don
Larson, 3600 Wilshire Blvd., Los Angeles, Calif. 90005
Aug. 23-25, 1967: International Conference on Computational
Linguistics, Grenoble University Campus, St. Martin-D'Heres,
France; contact Professor Bernard Vauquois, C.E.T.A., B.P.
No.8, 38- St. Martin-D'Heres, France
Aug. 26-28, 1967: ACM Symposium on Interactive Systems
for Experimental Applied Mathematics, Sheraton-Park Hotel,
Washington, D.C.; contact Melvin Klerer, Columbia University, Hudson Laboratories, Dobbs Ferry, N.Y. 10522 or Juris
Reinfelds, Computing Ctre., University of Georgia, Athens,
Ga. 30601
Aug. 28-Sept. 2, 1967: AICA (International Association for
Analogue Computation) Fifth Congress, Lausanne, Switzerland; contact secretary of the Swiss Federation of Automatic
Control, Wasserwerkstrasse 53, Zurich, Switzerland
Aug. 29-31, 1967: 1967 ACM (Association for Computing
Machinery) National Conference, Twentieth Anniversary,
Sheraton Park Hotel, Washington, D.C.; contact Thomas
Willette, P.O. Box 6, Annandale, Va. 22003
Sept. 6-8, 1967: First Annual IEEE Computer Conference,
Edgewater Beach Hotel, Chicago, Ill.; contact Professor S. S.
Yau, Dept. of .Electrical Engineering, The Technological Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, III. 60201
Sept. 11-14, 1967: ISA (Instrument Society of America) Instrumentation-Automation Conference & Exhibit, International
Amphitheatre Exposition Hall, Chicago, Ill.; contact Instrument Society of America, 530 William Penn Place, Pittsburgh, Pa. 15219
Sept. 11-15, 1967: Fifth International Cybernetics Congress,
,Palais des Expositions, Place Andre Rijckmans, Namur, Belgium; contact]. Lemaire, Managing Director, same address
Sept. 11-15, 1967: 1967 International Symposium on Information Theory, Athens, Greece; contact A. V. Balakrishnan,
Dept. of Engineering, U.C.L.A., Los Angeles, Calif. 90024
Sept. 19-22, 1967: Joint Conference of the Univac Users Association and the Univac Scientific Exchange, Hotel Leamington, Minneapolis, Minn.; contact Robert H. Beaton, Neisner
Bros. Inc., 49 East Ave., Rochester, N.Y. 14604
Sept. 25-28, 1967: International Symposium on Automation of
Population Register Systems, Jerusalem, I~eJ; contact D.
Chevion, Chairman of Council, Information Processing Association of Israel, P.O.B. 3009, Jerusalem, Israel
Sept. 25-29, 1967: The British Computer Society, DATAFAIR
67, Southampton University, Southampton, England; contact
Clive Wilkins, The British Computer Society, 23, Dorset
Square, London, N.W.1, England
Oct. 1-4, 1967: 1967 International Systems Meeting, Cobo
Hall, Detroit, Mich.; contact Richard L. Irwin, Systems and
Procedures Association, 24587 Bagley Rd., Cleveland, Ohio
44138
Oct. 16-19, 1967: UAIDE (Users of Automatic Information
Display Equipment), Statler Hilton Hotel, Washington, D.C.;
contact George E. Perez, Box 6749, Fort Davis Station, Washington, D.C. 20020

Oct. 18-20, 1967: Eighth Annuai Symposium on Switching
and Automata Theory, University of Texa~, Austin, Tex.;
contact Prof. C. L. Coates, Room 520, Engineering Sci.
Bldg., Univ. of Tex., Austin, Tex. 79712
Nov. 10, 1967: Annual Symposium on "The Application of
Computers to the Problems of Urban Society," New York
Hilton Hotel, New York, N.Y.; contact Dan M. Bowers, One
Millet St., Deer Park, N.Y. 11729
Nov. 14-16, 1967: Fall Joint Computer Conference, Anaheim
Convention Center, Anaheim, Calif.; contact AFIPS Headquarters, 211 E. 43rd St., New York, N.V. 10017
Apr. 30-May 2, 1968: Spring Joint Computer Conference,
Atlantic City Convention Hall, Atlantic City, N.].; contact
American Federation for Information Processing, 211 East
43rd St., New York, N.Y. 10017
Aug. 5-10, 1968: IFIP (International Federation for Information Processing) Congress 68, Edinburgh, Scotland; contact
John Fowlers & Partners, Ltd., Grand Buildings, Trafalgar
Square, London, W.C.2, England

ADVERTISING INDEX
Following is the index of advertisements. Each item contains: N arne and address of the advertiser / page number
where the advertisement appears / name of agency if any.
American Telephone & Telegraph Co., 195 Broadway,
New York, N. Y. 10007 / Page 2 / N. W. Ayer & Son
Benson-Lehner Corp., 14761 Califa, Van Nuys, Calif.
/ Page 60 / Management Communication Consultants,
Inc.
Bryant Computer Products, (Div. of Ex-Cell-0 Corp.),
850 Ladd Rd., Walled Lake, Mich. 48088 / Page 59 /
Campbell-Ewald Co.
Burroughs Corporation, 6071 Second Blvd., Detroit,
Mich. 48232 / Page 38 / Campbell-Ewald Co.
California Computer Products, 305 Muller Ave., Anaheim,
Calif. / Page 6 / Campbell-Mithun, Inc.
Computers & Automation, 815 Washington St., N~wtonville, Mass. 02160 / Page 57 / -.
Control Data Corp., 8100 34th Ave., So., Minneapolis,
Minn. 55440/ Page 4 /Klau-Van Pietersom-Dttruap,
Inc.
Consolidated Electrodynamics Corp. (Data Tape Div. ),
360 Sierra Madre Villa, Pasadena, Calif. 91109 / Page
55 / Hixson & Jorgensen, Inc.
Hughes Aircraft Co., 11940 W. Jefferson Blvd. ,:Culver
City, Calif. 90230 / Page 56 / Foote, Cone & Belding
International Business Machines Corp., Data Pr~cesBing
Div., White PlainS, N. Y. / Page 37 / Marsteller Inc.
Randolph Computer Corp., 200 Park Ave., New York,
N. Y. 10017 / Page 45 / Albert A. Kohler Co., Inc.
Varian Data Machines. 1590 Monrovia Ave., Newport
Beach, Calif. / Page 3 / Durel Advertising
White Weld & Co., 20 Broad St., New York, N Y. 10005
/ Page 54 / Doremus & Co.

COMPUTERS and AUTOMATION for August, 1967

Desi

Happy talk
A message can start in English, or in German,
or in anyone of 10 other languages used
with the Philco-Ford Communications
Switching System. This system can handle
30,000 messages per hour between various
stateside and overseas communications
centers. It gathers, sorts and sends out
dispatches of all kinds-hot bulletins to cold
statistics. And at the heart of each
Philco-Ford System is a battery of 7-million
character Bryant Auto-Lift Drums which are

used for storage and retrieval of incoming and
outgoing messages. Philco-Ford Corporation
of Willow Grove, Pa., chose Bryant because
our packaging concept fits right in with
their communication switching system.
Just plug it in and you're ready to go. Which
is why Phil co-Ford is all smiles. Write
Bryant Computer Products, 850 Ladd Road,
Walled Lake, Michigan 48088, and we will
send you a copy of "On-Line Application #5."
We'll make a Bryant Believer out of you too.
BRYANT
COMPUTER PRODUCTS

""'XLa
~~

EX·CELL·O CORPORATION

MESSAGE RECEIVED AND HERSTELLUNG BEGONNEN

Designate No. 6 on Reader Service Card

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