2014 FARS/NASS GES Coding And Validation Manual 2015 FARS NASS C&V

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DOT HS 812 296

2015 FARS/NASS GES
Coding and Validation
Manual

July 2016

CRASH vs. ACCIDENT
The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) has adopted the policy to
use the term, Crash. Accordingly the term, Crash, is used throughout this manual.
As used in this coding manual, “Crash” shall always refer to a Motor Vehicle Traffic
Accident as rigorously defined in ANSI Standard, D16.1 – The Manual on Classification
of Motor Vehicle Traffic Accidents. Incidents or scenarios involving collision events,
and those involving non-collision events, as defined in ANSI D16.1, are included.
Collision events include those involving a motor vehicle and fixed objects (poles, walls,
buildings, barriers, bridge supports, etc.) and those involving a motor vehicle and nonfixed objects (pedestrians, animals, pedal cyclists, other motor vehicles, etc).
Besides scenarios involving a collision, a crash also shall include non-collision
scenarios such as the following:
•
•
•
•
•
•

A single motor vehicle on a roadway catches fire
A motor vehicle runs off of a trafficway and is immersed in a body of water
An occupant of a motor vehicle is injured by falling from that vehicle while it is in
motion or on a roadway
An occupant of a motor vehicle is injured by shifting cargo or flying objects within
that vehicle during emergency handling / braking
A vehicle suffers damage from a pavement irregularity (loose plate, high
manhole, pot hole, etc)
And others

Consult ANSI D16.1, Manual on Classification of Motor Vehicle Traffic Accidents (The
ANSI Manual) for a more precise and complete presentation of these concepts. As a
minimum, the following ANSI D16.1 terms should be well understood to properly select
and classify cases for FARS and GES. The paragraph reference numbers from the
ANSI Manual are provided to aid look-up.
2.2.1
2.4.1
2.4.2
2.4.3
2.4.4
2.4.5
2.4.6

Trafficway
Harmful Event
Deliberate Intent
Legal Intervention
Unstabilized Situation
Cataclysm
Accident

2.4.9 Transport Accident
2.4.12 Motor Vehicle Accident
2.4.17 Road Vehicle Accident
2.4.18 Traffic Accident
2.4.22 Motor Vehicle Traffic Accident
2.4.27 Fatal Accident

2015 FARS / NASS GES MANUAL CHANGES SUMMARY
Below is a list of elements that have substantial changes for 2015. These changes, as well as others, are
highlighted throughout the manual by bold/italic type.
IT IS RECOMMENDED THAT YOU REVIEW THE ENTIRE MANUAL FOR ALL CHANGES

ELEMENT #

ELEMENT
NAME

NEW/
REVISED
VALUES

NEW/
REVISED
REMARKS

COMMENTS

Number of
Motor Vehicle
Occupant
Forms
Submitted

 Updated remarks clarifying person level form
submission for Bus and Train occupants.
 Updated remarks regarding coding person
level forms for all occupants of a vehicle.

Crash Time

 Added remarks clarifying the coding of
CRASH TIME.

New C10
Old C13
C11
New C11
Old C12
C12 a/b

Trafficway
Identifier

 Moved Element from C13 to C10.

Roadway
Function Class
Route Signing

 Deleted Element.

Land Use and
Functional
System (FARS
Only)

 Moved Element from C12 to C11.

 Added new element - format - 2 subfields, 1
numeric occurring 1 time and 2 numeric
occurring 1 time.
 Added new attributes for Land Use (a): 1
(Rural), 2 (Urban), 6 (Trafficway Not in
State Inventory), 8 (Not Reported) and 9
(Unknown).
 Added new attributes for Functional System
(b): 01 (Interstate), 02 (Principal Arterial –
Other Freeways and Expressways), 03
(Principal Arterial – Other), 04 (Minor
Arterial), 05 (Major Collector), 06 (Minor
Collector), 07 (Local), 96 (Trafficway Not in
State Inventory), 98 (Not Reported), and 99
(Unknown).

ELEMENT #

New C13

ELEMENT
NAME

Ownership
(FARS Only)

NEW/
REVISED
VALUES

NEW/
REVISED
REMARKS

COMMENTS

 Added new element - format - 2 numeric.
 Added attributes: 01 (State Highway
Agency), 02 (County Highway Agency), 03
(Town or Township Highway Agency), 04
(City or Municipal Highway Agency), 11
(State Park, Forest or Reservation
Agency), 12 (Local Park, Forest or
Reservation Agency), 21 (Other State
Agency), 25 (Other Local Agency), 26
(Private [other than Railroad]), 27
(Railroad), 31 (State Toll Road), 32 (Local
Toll Authority), 40 (Other Public
Instrumentality [i.e., Airport]), 50 (Indian
Tribe Nation), 60 (Other Federal Agency),
62 (Bureau of Indian Affairs), 63 (Bureau of
Fish and Wildlife), 64 (U.S. Forest Service),
66 (National Park Service), 67 (Tennessee
Valley Authority), 68 (Bureau of Land
Management), 69 (Bureau of Reclamation),
70 (Corps of Engineers), 72 (Air Force), 74
(Navy/Marines), 80 (Army), 96 (Trafficway
Not in State Inventory), 98 (Not Reported)
and 99 (Unknown).

New C14
Old C10

National
Highway
System

 Moved Element from C10 to C14.

New C15
Old C16

Special
Jurisdiction

 Moved Element from C16 to C15.

New C16
Old C14

Milepoint

 Moved Element from C14 to C16.

New C17
Old C15

Global Position

 Moved Element from C15 to C17.

New C18
Old C17

Crash Events

 Moved Element from C17 to C18.
 Updated Remarks for attributes: 07 (Other
Non-Collision), 18 (Other Object [Not Fixed]),
34 (Ditch), 35 (Embankment), 42 (Tree
[Standing Only]), 44 (Pavement Surface
Irregularity [ruts, potholes, grates, etc.]), 58
(Ground), 54 (Collision with Motor Vehicle InTransport Strikes or is Struck by Cargo,
Persons or Objects Set-in-Motion from/by
Another Motor Vehicle In-Transport), 60
(Cargo/Equipment Loss or Shift), 72
(Cargo/Equipment Loss or Shift [harmful to
this vehicle]) and 73 (Object Fell From Motor
Vehicle In-Transport).

ELEMENT #

ELEMENT
NAME

NEW/
REVISED
VALUES

NEW/
REVISED
REMARKS

COMMENTS

 Added a remark regarding the coding of nonspecific harmful events.

 Added remarks regarding the coding of
damaged property on the PAR.
New C19
Old C18

First Harmful
Event

 Moved Element from C18 to C19.
 Updated Remarks for attributes: 07 (Other
Non-Collision), 18 (Other Object [Not Fixed]),
34 (Ditch), 35 (Embankment), 42 (Tree
[Standing Only]), 44 (Pavement Surface
Irregularity [ruts, potholes, grates, etc.]), 54
(Collision with Motor Vehicle In-Transport
Strikes or is Struck by Cargo, Persons or
Objects Set-in-Motion from/by Another Motor
Vehicle In-Transport), 58 (Ground) and 73
(Object Fell From Motor Vehicle In-Transport).
 Added a remark regarding the coding of nonspecific harmful events.

 Updated remarks for attribute - 11 (Other).
 Moved Element from C19 to C20.

New C20
Old C19

Manner of
Collision

New C21
Old C20

Relation to
Junction

 Moved Element from C20 to C21.

New C22
Old C21

Type of
Intersection

 Moved Element from C21 to C22.

New C23
Old C22

Relation to
Trafficway

 Moved Element from C22 to C23.

New C24
Old C23

Work Zone

 Moved Element from C23 to C24.

New C25
Old C24

Light Condition

 Updated remarks for attribute - 7 (Other).
 Moved Element from C24 to C25.

New C26
Old C25

Atmospheric
Conditions

 Updated remarks for attribute - 08 (Other).
 Added remarks clarifying the coding of the
attribute "Cloudy" and handling of
"Temperature indication" within the case
materials.
 Moved Element from C25 to C26.

New C27
Old C26

School Bus
Related

 Moved Element from C26 to C27.

New C28
Old C27

Rail Grade
Crossing
Identifier

 Moved Element from C27 to C28.

ELEMENT #

New C29
Old C28

ELEMENT
NAME

Notification
Time EMS

NEW/
REVISED
VALUES

NEW/
REVISED
REMARKS

COMMENTS

 Updated remarks for attribute: 8888 (Not
Applicable [Not Notified]).

 Moved Element from C28 to C29.
New C30
Old C29

Arrival Time
EMS

 Moved Element from C29 to C30.

New C31
Old C30

EMS Time at
Hospital

 Moved Element from C30 to C31.

New C32
Old C31

Related Factors
- Crash Level

 Updated remarks and manual layout for this
element.

 Moved Element from C31 to C32.
New C33
Old C32

Interstate
Highway

 Moved Element from C32 to C33.

New C34
Old C33

Stratum

 Moved Element from C33 to C34.

New C35
Old C34

Police
Jurisdiction

 Moved Element from C34 to C35.

Number of
Occupants

Registration
State

V16

Motor Carrier
Identification
Number

 Added remarks to attribute: 88/8s (None).

V17

Gross Vehicle
Weight Rating

 Updated remarks regarding references of

Vehicle
Configuration

Cargo Body
Type

Special Use

V18
V19
V22

 Updated remarks regarding injured/noninjured information gathered by states.
 Updated remarks regarding bus and railway
vehicle occupants.

 Updated remarks for attribute - 98 (Other
Registration).

PCVINA to reflect MDE change to
VINDecoder.

 Added remarks to attribute: 19 (Truck More
than 10,000lbs, Cannot Classify).

 Added remarks to attribute: 96 (No Cargo
Body Type).

 Updated remarks for definition.

NEW/
REVISED
VALUES

NEW/
REVISED
REMARKS

ELEMENT #

ELEMENT
NAME

V28

Areas of Impact
- Initial Impact /
Most Damaged
Areas

Sequence of
Events

Most Harmful
Event

Related Factors
- Vehicle Level

Driver Presence

V31

V32

V33

COMMENTS

 Updated remarks to attribute: 14
(Undercarriage) (for Initial Impact Only).

 Updated remarks for Damaged Areas
(Subfield 2) definition.

 Updated remarks for attributes: 07 (Other
Non-Collision), 18 (Other Object [Not Fixed]),
34 (Ditch), 35 (Embankment), 42 (Tree
[Standing Only]), 44 (Pavement Surface
Irregularity [ruts, potholes, grates, etc.]), 54
(Collision with Motor Vehicle In-Transport
Strikes or is Struck by Cargo, Persons or
Objects Set-in-Motion from/by Another Motor
Vehicle In-Transport), 58 (Ground), 60
(Cargo/Equipment Loss or Shift), 72,
(Cargo/Equipment Loss or Shift [harmful to
this vehicle]) and 73 (Object Fell From Motor
Vehicle In-Transport).
 Added a remark regarding the coding of nonspecific harmful events.

 Updated remarks for attributes: 07 (Other
Non-Collision), 12 (Collision with a Motor
Vehicle In-Transport), 18 (Other Object [Not
Fixed]), 34 (Ditch), 35 (Embankment), 42
(Tree [Standing Only]), 44 (Pavement
Surface Irregularity [ruts, potholes, grates,
etc.]), 54 (Collision with Motor Vehicle InTransport Strikes or is Struck by Cargo,
Persons or Objects Set-in-Motion from/by
Another Motor Vehicle In-Transport), 58
(Ground) and 73 (Object Fell From Motor
Vehicle In-Transport).
 Added a remark regarding the coding of nonspecific harmful events.
 Updated Remarks for coding hierarchy.
 Added Remarks regarding procedures for
coding Parked and Working Motor Vehicles.

 Updated Remarks and manual layout for this
element.

 Delete Remarks from the beginning of this
element: "If coded 0 (No Driver Present/Not
Applicable) or 9 (Unknown), Related
Factors-Driver Level are coded “00”.

D14

Previous
Recorded
Crashes

 Changed qualifying events time period from
the previous three years to the previous
five years.

ELEMENT #

D15

D16

D17

D18

D19

D20

D21
D24

ELEMENT
NAME

NEW/
REVISED
VALUES

NEW/
REVISED
REMARKS

Previous
Recorded
Suspensions
and
Revocations

Previous DWI
Convictions

Previous
Speeding
Convictions

Change
Previous Other
Harmful MV
Conviction to
Previous Other
Moving
Violation
Convictions

Date of First
Crash,
Suspension,
Conviction

Date of Last
Crash,
Suspension,
Conviction

COMMENTS

 Changed qualifying events time period from
the previous three years to the previous
five years.

 Changed Element Name.
 Changed qualifying events time period from
the previous three years to the previous
five years.
 Added remarks regarding non-traffic related
issues or offenses.

 Changed qualifying events time period from
the previous three years to the previous
five years.
Added remarks regarding non-traffic related
issues or offenses.

 Changed qualifying events time period from
the previous three years to the previous
five years.
 Added remarks regarding non-traffic related
issues or offenses.

Violations
Charged

Related Factors
- Driver Level

 Added new attribute: 10 (Use of
Telecommunications Device).
X

 Updated remarks and manual layout for this
element.
 Updated attributes: 28 (Failure to Keep in
Proper Lane Improper Lane Usage), 33
(Passing Where Prohibited by Posted Signs,
Pavement Markings, Hill or Curve, or School
Bus Displaying Warning Not to Pass), 34
(Passing on Wrong Right Side), 36
(Operating the Vehicle in an Erratic, Reckless
or Negligent Manner Operating at Erratic or
Suddenly Changing Speeds) and 59
(Getting Off/Out of or On/In to a Vehicle).
 Deleted attribute: 57 (Locked Wheel).

ELEMENT #

ELEMENT
NAME

NEW/
REVISED
VALUES

NEW/
REVISED
REMARKS

COMMENTS

 Updated Note at the beginning of the remarks
section regarding the coding of this element.
PC6

PC7

Total Lanes in
Roadway

Speed Limit

 Added remarks regarding counting
channelized lanes.
 Added diagrams for channelized lanes.

 Added new attributes to range: 05-80 95

Actual Speed Limit (in 5 mph increments)
PC8

 Added remarks regarding hierarchy for coding

Roadway
Alignment

PC10

Roadway
Surface Type

 Added remarks to attribute: 7 (Other).

PC11

Roadway
Surface
Conditions
Traffic Control
Device

 Added remarks to attribute: 08 (Other)

 Added examples to attribute: 28 (Other

Pre-Event
Movement
(Prior to
Recognition of
Critical Event)

PC12

PC17

PC19

Critical Event Precrash
(Event)

this element.

Regulatory Signs) and 98 (Other).

 Updated remarks to attributes: 08 (Leaving a
Parking Position), 09 (Entering a Parking
Position), 10 (Turning Right), 11 (Turning
Left), 12 (Making a U-Turn) and 13 (Backing
Up [Other Than for Parking]).

 Modify attribute name: 52 (Traveling in Same
Direction With Lower or Steady Speed).

 Added remarks for attributes: 05 (Poor Road
Conditions [Puddle, Pot Hold, Ice, Etc.]
[Specify:]), 52 (Traveling in Same Direction
While Decelerating) and 80 (Pedestrian in
Road).
 Updated remarks under Pedestrian or
Pedalcyclist or Other Non-Motorist.

PC21

PC23

Pre-Impact
Stability

Crash Type

 Added remarks for attributes: 2 (Skidding
Longitudinally Rotation Less Than 30
degrees), 7 (Other Vehicle Loss-of-Control
[Specify:]) and 9 (Precrash Stability
Unknown).

 Updated remarks for attributes: 02 (Right
Roadside Departure: Control/Traction Loss),
07 (Left Roadside Departure: Control/Traction
Loss) and 13 (Forward Impact: Pedestrian/
Animal).

ELEMENT #

ELEMENT
NAME

NEW/
REVISED
VALUES

Seating
Position

NEW/
REVISED
REMARKS

COMMENTS

 Updated Seating Position Diagram for VanBased Bus.

 Updated remarks for seating position for
motorcycles.

 Updated remarks for attribute: 11 (Front Seat,
Left Side).
P10

Restraint
System /
Helmet Use

 Added remarks to attribute: 97 (Other).

P13

Ejection

 Added remarks explaining ejection.

P14

Ejection Path

 Modify attribute and remarks: 0 (Not

Ejected/Not Applicable) to (Ejection Path
Not Applicable) and 9 (Unknown/Unknown
Path) to (Ejection Path Unknown).
P17

P18

Method of
Alcohol
Determination
by Police
Alcohol Test

 Updated remarks for attribute: 1 (Evidential
Test [breath, blood, urine]).

 Added remarks to attribute: 8 (Other [e.g.,
Saliva Test]).
X

 Format change: From 3 sets, 1 set, 1
numeric, 1 set, 2 numeric to 3 sets, 1 set, 1
numeric, 1 set, 2 numeric, 1 set, 3 numeric.
 Modify attribute name (Subfield 2): 02 (
Breathalyzer [BAC]) to (Breath Test [AC]).
 Modify attribute numbering (Subfield 3) from 2
digit to 3 digit: 000-930 (Actual Value), 940
(.94 or Greater), 996 (Test Not Given), 997
(AC Test Performed, Results Unknown), 998
(Positive Reading with No Actual Value), 995
(Not Reported) and 999 (Unknown if Tested).
 Updated remarks for Alcohol Test Coding
Hierarchy.
 Added remarks to attribute: 08 (Other Test
Type).

P20

P21

Method of Drug
Determination
by Police

Drug Test

 Updated remarks for attribute: 1 (Evidential
Test [blood, urine]).

 Added remarks to attribute: 7 (Other).
 Added remarks to attribute: 8 (Other Test
Type).

P22

Transported to
First Treatment
Facility By

 Updated remarks for attribute: 0 (Not
Transported) and 6 (Other).

 Added clarification for cases when the person
is moved to a safer location.

ELEMENT #

ELEMENT
NAME

P26

Related Factors
- Person MV
Occupant Level

NEW/
REVISED
VALUES

NEW/
REVISED
REMARKS

COMMENTS

 Updated remarks and manual layout for this
element.

 Updated attributes: 28 (Failure to Keep in
Proper Lane Improper Lane Usage), 29
(Intentional Illegal Driving on Road Shoulder,
in Ditch, on Sidewalk or on Median), 33
(Passing Where Prohibited by Posted Signs,
Pavement Markings, Hill or Curve, or School
Bus Displaying Warning Not to Pass Line)
and 82 (Pedestrian, Pedal Cyclists or
Persons on Personal Conveyances Other
Non-Motorist).
 Deleted Attribute: 58 (Locked Wheel).

 Updated remarks for attribute: 2 (Crosswalk

Pedestrian/
Bike Typing Pedestrian
Position

Pedestrian/
Bike Typing Pedestrian
Crash Type

NM10

Non-Motorist
Location at
Time of Crash

 Added remarks to attribute: 28 (Other).

NM13

Non-Motorist
Safety
Equipment

 Updated remarks and attributes: 3 -

NM16

Method of
Alcohol
Determination
by Police

NM17

Alcohol Test

NM9

Area).

 Added diagram for unmarked crosswalk
areas.

 Updated remarks for attributes: 250 (Play
Vehicle-Related), 760 (Pedestrian Failed to
Yield) and 770 (Motorist Failed to Yield) [Not
at Intersection Only].

Reflective Equipment/Clothing (jacket,
backpack, etc) and Protective Pads Used
(elbows, knees, shins, etc.).
 Added remarks to attribute: 1 (None Used), 2
(Helmet), 7 (Other Safety Equipment) and 9
(Unknown if Used).
 Added coding guidance worksheet with
instructions for use.
 Updated remarks for attribute: 1 (Evidential
Test [breath, blood, urine]).
 Added remarks to attribute: 8 (Other [e.g.,
Saliva Test]).

ELEMENT #

ELEMENT
NAME

NEW/
REVISED
VALUES

NEW/
REVISED
REMARKS

NM19

Method of Drug
Determination
by Police

NM20

Drug Test

COMMENTS

(Positive Reading with No Actual Value), 995
(Not Reported) and 999 (Unknown if Tested).
 Updated remarks for Alcohol Test Coding
Hierarchy.
 Added remarks to attribute: 08 (Other Test
Type).
 Updated remarks for attribute: 1 (Evidential
Test [blood, urine]).
 Added remarks to attribute: 7 (Other).

 Added remarks to attribute: 8 (Other Test
Type).

NM21

Transported to
First Treatment
Facility By

 Updated remarks for attribute: 0 (Not
Transported) and 6 (Other).

 Added clarification for cases when the person
is moved to a safer location.

NM25

Related Factors
- Person Not a
MV Occupant
Level

 Updated remarks and manual layout for this
element.

 Updated Attribute: 82 (Pedestrian, Pedal
Cyclists or Persons on Personal
Conveyances Other Non-Motorist).

NEED HELP IN CODING? CONTACT NISR AT: codingquestions@nisrinc.com

2015 FARS/NASS GES Element Definitions
2015
Element
Number

Element Name

FARS, GES,
Case
Structure

Definitions

CRASH LEVEL ELEMENTS
C1

State Number

FARS Only

Consecutive Number

FARS Only

Number of Forms
Submitted for Persons
Not in MV

Case
Structure

Number of Vehicle Forms
Submitted

Case
Structure

Number of Person Forms
Submitted

Case
Structure

County

FARS Only

City

FARS Only

Crash Date

FARS/GES

Crash Time

FARS/GES

C10

Trafficway Identifier

FARS Only

C11

Route Signing

FARS Only

This element identifies the state in
which the crash occurred.
This element identifies the unique
case number assigned by the data
entry system.
This element records the number of
Person Forms (Not a Motor Vehicle
Occupant) that are applicable to this
case.
This element records all contact
motor vehicles which the officer has
reported on the Police Accident
Report (PAR) as a unit involved in
the crash.
This element records the number of
Person Forms (Motor Vehicle
Occupant) that are applicable to this
case.
This element refers to the location of
the unstabilized event with regard to
the County.
This element refers to the location of
the unstabilized event with regard to
the City.
This element identifies the date on
which the crash occurred.
This element identifies the time at
which the crash occurred.
This element captures the identity
(name) of the trafficway on which the
crash occurred.
This element identifies the route
signing of the trafficway on which the
crash occurred.

2015
Element
Number
C12 (a/b)

Element Name

Land Use and
Functional System

FARS, GES,
Case
Structure
FARS Only

C13

Ownership

FARS Only

C14

National Highway System

FARS Only

C15

Special Jurisdiction

FARS Only

C16

Milepoint

FARS Only

C17

Global Position

FARS Only

C18

Crash Events

FARS/GES

C19

First Harmful Event

FARS/GES

Definition

Land Use: The classification of
the segment of the trafficway on
which the crash occurred based
on FHWA-approved adjusted
Census boundaries of small
urban and urbanized areas.
Functional System: This element
identifies the functional
classification of the segment of
the trafficway on which the crash
occurred.
This element identifies the entity
that has legal ownership of the
segment of the trafficway on
which the crash occurred.
This element identifies whether or
not this crash occurred on a
trafficway that is part of the National
Highway System.
This element identifies if the location
on the trafficway where the crash
occurred qualifies as a Special
Jurisdiction even though it may be
patrolled by state, county or local
police (e.g., all State highways
running through Indian reservations
are under the jurisdiction of the
Indian reservation).
This element identifies the milepoint
nearest to the location where the
crash occurred.
This element identifies the location
of the crash using Global Position
coordinates.
The Crash Events table records in
chronological sequence, the set of
events resulting from an unstabilized
situation that constitutes a motor
vehicle traffic crash.
The First Harmful Event is defined
as the first injury or damage
producing event of the crash.

2015
Element
Number
C20

Element Name

Manner of Collision

FARS, GES,
Case
Structure
FARS/GES

C21 (a/b)

Relation to Junction

FARS/GES

C21

Type of Intersection

FARS/GES

C22

Relation to Trafficway

FARS/GES

C23

Work Zone

FARS/GES

C24

Light Condition

FARS/GES

C25

Atmospheric Condition

FARS/GES

C26

School Bus Related

FARS/GES

Definition

This element identifies the
orientation of two motor vehicles intransport when they are involved in
the First Harmful Event of a collision
crash. If the First Harmful Event is
not a collision between two motor
vehicles in-transport it is classified
as such.
The coding of this data element is
done in two subfields and based on
the location of the first harmful event
of the crash. It identifies the crash's
location with respect to presence in
an interchange area and the crash’s
location with respect to presence in
or proximity to components typically
in junction or interchange areas.
This element identifies and allows
separation of various intersection
types.
This element identifies the location
of the crash as it relates to its
position within or outside the
trafficway based on the First Harmful
Event.
This data element captures that this
was a “Work Zone Accident” as
defined in ANSI D16.1, 7th Edition.
If the crash qualifies as a "Work
Zone Accident" then the type of work
activity is identified.
This element records the type/level
of light that existed at the time of the
crash as reported in the case
materials.
This element identifies the prevailing
atmospheric conditions that existed
at the time of the crash as recorded
on the crash report form.
This data element indicates if a
school bus, or motor vehicle
functioning as a school bus, is
related to the crash.

2015
Element
Number
C27

Element Name

Rail Grade Crossing
Identifier

FARS, GES,
Case
Structure
FARS Only

C28

Notification Time EMS

FARS Only

C29

Arrival Time EMS

FARS Only

C30

EMS Time at Hospital

FARS Only

C31

Related Factors - Crash
Level

FARS/GES

C32

Interstate Highway

GES Only

C33

Stratum

GES Only

C34

Police Jurisdiction

GES Only

Definition

This element identifies if the crash
occurred in or near a Rail Grade
Crossing.
Notification Time EMS is the time
Emergency Medical Service was
notified.
Arrival Time Ems is the time
Emergency Medical Service arrived
on the crash scene.
EMS Time At Hospital is the time
Emergency Medical Service arrived
at the treatment facility to which it
was transporting victims of the
crash.
This element identifies factors
related to the crash expressed by
the investigating officer.
This element identifies whether or
not the crash occurred on an
interstate highway. Interstate
highway is a Federal Highway
Administration classification.
The number of the category in which
the PAR was originally listed in GES
PAR Program or Stratification
Record.
The number (range 1 through 120)
of the police jurisdiction from which
the PAR was originally sampled.

VEHICLE LEVEL ELEMENTS
V1

State Number

FARS Only

Consecutive Number

FARS Only

Vehicle Number

Number of Occupants

Case
Structure
FARS/GES
FARS/GES

This element identifies the state in
which the crash occurred.
This element identifies the unique
case number assigned by the data
entry system.
This element identifies the number
assigned to this vehicle in the crash.
This element identifies the number
of occupants in each vehicle.

2015
Element
Number
V5

Element Name

Unit Type

FARS, GES,
Case
Structure
FARS/GES
(handled thru
PV element)

Hit-And-Run

FARS/GES

Registration State

FARS Only

Registered Vehicle
Owner

FARS Only

Vehicle Make

FARS/GES

V10

Vehicle Model

FARS/GES

V11

Body Type

FARS/GES

V12

Vehicle Model Year

FARS/GES

V13

Vehicle Identification
Number

FAR/GES

V14

Vehicle Trailing

FARS/GES

V15

Jackknife

FARS/GES

V16

Motor Carrier
Identification Number

FARS/GES

Definition

This element identifies the type of
unit that applies to this motor vehicle
at the time it became an involved
vehicle in the crash and was
reported as a unit on the Police
Accident Report (PAR).
This element refers to cases where
a vehicle is a contact vehicle in the
crash and does not stop to render
aid (this can include drivers who flee
the scene on foot).
This element identifies the state in
which this vehicle was registered.
This element is used to determine
the type of registered owner of the
vehicle.
This element identifies the make
(manufacturer) of this vehicle.
This element identifies the model of
this vehicle within a given make.
This element identifies a
classification of this vehicle based
on its general body configuration,
size, shape, doors, etc.
This element identifies the
manufacturer's model year of this
vehicle.
This element records the vehicle
identification number (VIN) of this
vehicle.
This element identifies whether or
not this vehicle had any attached
trailing units or was towing another
motor vehicle.
This element identifies if this vehicle
experienced a "jackknife" anytime
during the unstabilized situation.
This element records the issuing
authority and motor carrier
identification number if applicable to
this vehicle.

2015
Element
Number
V17

Element Name

GVWR/GCWR

FARS, GES,
Case
Structure
FARS/GES

V18

Vehicle Configuration

FARS/GES

V19

Cargo Body Type

FARS/GES

V20

Hazardous Material
Involvement/Placard

FARS/GES

Hazardous Material
Involvement/Placard HM1
Hazardous Material
Involvement/Placard HM2

FARS/GES

Hazardous Material
Involvement/Placard HM3
Hazardous Material
Involvement/Placard HM4
Hazardous Material
Involvement/Placard HM5

FARS/GES

V21

Bus Use

FARS/GES

V22

Special Use

FARS/GES

V20 (1)

V20 (2)

V20 (3)

V20 (4)

V20 (5)

FARS/GES

Definition

This element identifies the gross
vehicle weight rating of this vehicle
when applicable.
This element identifies the general
configuration of this vehicle when
applicable.
This element identifies the primary
cargo carrying capability of this
vehicle when applicable.
This element identifies the presence
of hazardous cargo for this vehicle
and records information about the
hazardous cargo when present.
This element indicates whether the
vehicle was carrying hazardous
materials - involvement.
This element indicates the presence
of hazardous materials and whether
the vehicle displayed a hazardous
materials placard.
This element indicates the 4-digit
identification number.
This element indicates the singledigit hazardous material class
number for the vehicle.
This element indicates whether or
not any hazardous cargo was
released from the cargo tank or
compartment.
This data element describes the
common type of bus service this
vehicle was being used for at the
time of the crash or the primary use
for the bus if not in service at the
time of the crash.
This data element identifies if a
special use is applicable to this
vehicle at the time it was involved
in the crash.

2015
Element
Number
V23

Element Name

Emergency Motor
Vehicle Use

FARS, GES,
Case
Structure
FARS/GES

V24

Travel Speed

FARS/GES

V25

Underride/Override

FARS Only

V26

Rollover

FARS/GES

V27

Location of Rollover

FARS/GES

V28

Areas of Impact - Initial
Contact Point

FARS/GES

V28

Areas of Impact Damaged Areas

FARS/GES

V29

Extent of Damage

FARS/GES

V30

Vehicle Removal

FARS/GES

Definition

Emergency Motor Vehicle Use
indicates operation of any motor
vehicle that is legally authorized by a
government authority to respond to
emergencies with or without the use
of emergency warning equipment,
such as a police vehicle, fire truck or
ambulance while actually engaged in
such response.
This element records the speed the
vehicle was traveling prior to the
occurrence of the crash as reported
by the investigating officer.
This element indicates whether an
underride or override occurred
during the crash involving this
vehicle.
This element identifies whether a
rollover or overturn occurred during
the crash involving this vehicle.
This element identifies the location
of the trip point or start of the
vehicle's roll.
This subfield identifies the area on
this vehicle that produced the first
instance of injury to non-motorists or
occupants of this vehicle, or that
resulted in the first instance of
damage to other property or to this
vehicle.
This subfield identifies all the areas
on this vehicle that were damaged in
the crash as reflected in the case
materials.
This element indicates the amount of
damage sustained by this vehicle in
this crash as indicated in the case
materials based on an operational
damage scale.
This data element describes the
mode in which the vehicle left the
scene of the crash.

2015
Element
Number
V31

Element Name

Sequence of Event

FARS, GES,
Case
Structure
FARS/GES

V32

Most Harmful Event

FARS/GES

V33

Related Factors - Vehicle
Level

FARS/GES

V34

Fire Occurrence

FARS/GES

Definition

The events in sequence related to
this motor vehicle, regardless of
injury and/or property damage. Code
each event for this vehicle in the
order in which they occur, time wise,
from the Police Accident Report
(PAR) narrative and diagram.
This element identifies the event that
resulted in the most severe injury or,
if no injury, the greatest property
damage involving this motor vehicle.
This element identifies factors
related to this vehicle expressed by
the investigating officer.
This element identifies whether or
not a fire in any way related to the
crash occurred in this vehicle.

DRIVER LEVEL ELEMENTS
D1

State Number

FARS Only

Consecutive Number

FARS Only

D3
D4

Vehicle Number - Driver
Level
Driver Presence

Case
Structure
FARS/GES

Driver’s License Number

FARS Only

Driver’s Zip Code

FARS/GES

Non-CDL License
Type/Status

FARS Only

This element identifies the state in
which the crash occured.
This element identifies the unique
case number assigned by the data
entry system.
This element identifies the vehicle
number associated with this driver.
This element identifies whether or
not a driver was present in this
vehicle at the onset of the
unstabilized situation.
This element identifies the state of
issue for the license held by this
driver.
This element identifies the zip code
of this driver's area of residence.
This element identifies in two
subfields the type license held by
this driver and the status of the
license at the time of the crash.

2015
Element
Number
D8

Element Name

Commercial Motor
Vehicle License Status

FARS, GES,
Case
Structure
FARS Only

Compliance with License
Endorsements

FARS Only

D10

License Compliance with
Class of Vehicle

FARS Only

D11

Compliance with License
Restrictions

FARS Only

D12

Driver Height

FARS Only

D13

Driver Weight

FARS Only

D14

Previous Recorded
Crashes

FARS Only

D15

Previous Recorded
Suspensions and
Revocations

FARS Only

D16

Previous DWI
Convictions

FARS Only

D17

Previous Speeding
Convictions

FARS Only

D18

Previous Other Moving
Violation Convictions

FARS Only

Definition

This element indicates the status for
a driver’s Commercial Driver’s
License (CDL) if applicable.
This element indicates whether the
vehicle driven at the time of the
crash requires endorsement(s) on a
Commercial Driver’s License (CDL)
and whether this driver is complying
with the CDL endorsements.
This element refers to the type of
license possessed or not possessed
by the driver for the class of vehicle
being driven at the time of the crash.
This element identifies if a driver
was compliant with restrictions on
their license.
This element identifies a driver's
height.
This element identifies a driver's
weight.
This element records any previous
crashes for this driver. Counts only
events occurring within three years
from the crash date.
This element records any previous
license suspensions or revocations
for this driver. Counts only events
occurring within three years from the
crash date.
This element records any previous
DWI convictions for this driver.
Counts only events occurring within
three years from the crash date.
This element records any previous
Speeding convictions for this driver.
Counts only events occurring within
three years from the crash date.
This element records any other
previous moving violations or
convictions for this driver. Counts
only events occurring within three
years from the crash date.

2015
Element
Number
D19

Element Name

Date of FIRST Crash,
Suspension, Conviction

FARS, GES,
Case
Structure
FARS Only

D20

Date of LAST Crash,
Suspension, Conviction

FARS Only

D21

Violations Charged

FARS/GES

D22

Speeding Related

FARS/GES

D23

Condition (Impairment) at
Time of Crash

FARS/GES

D24

Related Factors - Driver
Level

FARS/GES

Definition

This element identifies the date of
the first crash, suspension, or
conviction. Counts only dates of
events occurring within three years
from the crash date.
This element identifies the date of
the last crash, suspension, or
conviction. Counts only dates of
events occurring within three years
from the crash date.
This element identifies all violations
charged to this driver in this crash.
This element identifies if the driver's
speed was related to the crash as
identified by law enforcement.
This element identifies physical
impairments to this driver or nonmotorist which may have contributed
to the cause of the crash as
identified by law enforcement.
This element identifies factors
related to this driver expressed by
the investigating officer.

PRECRASH LEVEL ELEMENTS
PC1

State Number

FARS Only

PC2

Consecutive Number

FARS Only

PC3

Vehicle Number Precrash Level
Contributing
Circumstances, Motor
Vehicle

Case
Structure
FARS/GES

PC4

This element identifies the state in
which the crash occurred.
This element identifies the unique
case number assigned by the data
entry system.
This element identifies the number
assigned to this vehicle in the crash.
This element describes the possible
pre-existing motor vehicle defects or
maintenance conditions that may
have contributed to the crash.

2015
Element
Number
PC5

Element Name

Trafficway Description

FARS, GES,
Case
Structure
FARS/GES

PC6

Total Lanes in Roadway

FARS/GES

PC7

Speed Limit

FARS/GES

PC8

Roadway Alignment

FARS/GES

PC9

Roadway Grade

FARS/GES

PC10

Roadway Surface Type

FARS Only

PC11

Roadway Surface
Conditions

FARS/GES

PC12

Traffic Control Device

FARS/GES

Definition

This element identifies the value
indicated in the case materials which
best describes the trafficway flow
just prior to this vehicle’s critical
precrash event.
This element identifies the value
indicated in the case materials which
best describes the number of travel
lanes just prior to this vehicle’s
critical precrash event.
This element identifies the value
indicated in the case materials which
best represents the speed limit just
prior to this vehicle’s critical precrash
event.
This element identifies the value
indicated in the case materials which
best represents the roadway
alignment prior to this vehicle’s
critical precrash event.
This element identifies the value
indicated in the case materials which
best represents the roadway grade
prior to this vehicle’s critical precrash
event.
This element identifies the value
indicated in the case materials which
best represents the roadway surface
type prior to this vehicle’s critical
precrash event.
This element identifies the value
indicated in the case materials which
best represents the roadway surface
condition prior to this vehicle’s
critical precrash event.
This element identifies the attribute
indicated in the case materials which
best describes the traffic controls in
the vehicle's environment just prior
to this vehicle's critical precrash
event.

2015
Element
Number
PC13

Element Name

Device Functioning

FARS, GES,
Case
Structure
FARS/GES

PC14

Driver’s Vision Obscured
By

FARS/GES

PC15

Driver Maneuvered to
Avoid

FARS/GES

PC16

Driver Distracted By

FARS/GES

PC17

Pre-Event Movement
(Prior to Recognition of
Critical Event)

FARS/GES

Definition

This element identifies the
functionality of the traffic control
device recorded for this vehicle in
the element Traffic Control Device.
This data element records
impediments to a driver’s visual field
that were noted in the case
materials.
This data element identifies the
thing(s) the driver attempted to avoid
while the vehicle was on the road
portion of the trafficway, just prior to
the first harmful event for this
vehicle.
This element identifies the
attribute(s) which best describe this
driver’s attention to driving prior to
the driver’s realization of an
impending critical event or just prior
to impact if realization of an
impending critical event does not
occur. Distraction from the primary
task of driving occurs when drivers
divert their attention from the driving
task to some other activity. Also,
driving while daydreaming or lost in
thought is identified as distracted
driving by NHTSA. Physical
conditions/impairments (fatigue,
alcohol, medical condition, etc.) or
psychological states (anger,
emotional, depressed, etc.) are not
identified as distractions by NHTSA.
This element identifies the attribute
that best describes this vehicle's
activity prior to the driver's
realization of an impending critical
event or just prior to impact if the
driver took no action or had no time
to attempt any evasive maneuvers.

2015
Element
Number
PC18

Element Name

Critical Event - Precrash
(Category)

FARS, GES,
Case
Structure
FARS/GES

PC19

Critical Event - Precrash
(Event)

FARS/GES

PC20

Attempted Avoidance
Maneuver

FARS/GES

PC21

Pre-Impact Stability

FARS/GES

PC22

Pre-Impact Location

FARS/GES

PC23

Crash Type

FARS/GES

Definition

This element identifies the category
of the event that was critical to this
vehicle being involved in the crash.
This element identifies the critical
event which made the crash
imminent (i.e., something occurred
which made the collision possible).
This element identifies movements/
actions taken by the driver, within a
critical crash envelope, in response
to a Critical Precrash Event.
This element assesses the stability
of the vehicle after the critical event,
but before the impact.
This element assesses the location
of the vehicle after the critical event,
but before the impact.
This element describes the type of
crash this in-transport vehicle was
involved in based on the First
Harmful Event and the precrash
circumstances.

Person (MV Occupant) Level Elements
P1

State Number

FARS Only

Consecutive Number

FARS Only

Vehicle Number - Person
Level

Case
Structure

Person Number

Case
Structure

Age

FARS/GES

Sex

FARS/GES

This element identifies the state in
which the crash occurred.
This element identifies the unique
case number assigned by the data
entry system.
This element identifies the vehicle
number associated with this motor
vehicle occupant.
This element identifies a number for
the motor vehicle occupant in
consecutive order for the vehicle
they occupied.
This element identifies the persons
age, in years, with respect to the
person's last birthday.
This element identifies the sex of the
person involved in the crash.

2015
Element
Number
P7

Element Name

Person Type

FARS, GES,
Case
Structure
FARS/GES

Injury Severity

FARS/GES

Seating Position

FARS/GES

P10

Restraint System/Helmet
Use

FARS/GES

P11

FARS/GES

P12

Any Indication of Mis-Use
of Restraint System/
Helmet Use
Air Bag Deployed

P13

Ejection

FARS/GES

P14

Ejection Path

FARS Only

P15

Extrication

FARS Only

P16

Police Reported Alcohol
Involvement

FARS/GES

P17

Method of Alcohol
Determination (By Police)

FARS Only

P18

Alcohol Test Type

FARS/GES

P18

Alcohol Test Status

FARS/GES

P18

Alcohol Test Result

FAR/GES

FARS/GES

Definition

This element describes the role of
this person involved in the crash.
This element describes the severity
of the injury to this person in the
crash.
This element identifies the location
of this person in or on the vehicle.
This element records the restraint
equipment in use by the occupant,
or the helmet in use by a
motorcyclist, at the time of the crash.
This element indicates any mis-use
of the restraint system or helmet
used by this person.
This element is used to record air
bag availability and deployment for
this person as reported in the case
materials.
This element describes the ejection
status and degree of ejection for this
person, excluding motorcycle
occupants.
This element identifies the path by
which this person was ejected from
the vehicle.
This element identifies if equipment
or other force was used to remove
this person from the vehicle.
This data element reflects only the
judgment of law enforcement as to
whether alcohol was involved or not
for this person.
This element describes the method
by which the police made the
determination as to whether alcohol
was involved or not for this person.
This element identifies if an alcohol
test was given to this person.
This element identifies the type of
the alcohol test that was used for
this person.
This element identifies the alcohol
test result for this person.

2015
Element
Number
P19

Element Name

Police Reported Drug
Involvement

FARS, GES,
Case
Structure
FARS/GES

P20

Method of Drug
Determination (By Police)

FARS Only

P21

Drug Test Type

FARS/GES

P21

Drug Test Status

FARS/GES

P21

Drug Test Result

FARS/GES

P22

Transported to First
Medical Facility By

FARS/GES

P23

Died at Scene/Enroute

FARS Only

P24

Death Date

FARS Only

P25

Death Time

FARS Only

P26

Related Factors - Person
(MV Occupant) Level

FARS/GES

SP1

Death Certificate Number

FARS Only

Definition

This data element reflects only the
judgment of law enforcement as to
whether drugs were involved or not
for this person.
This element identifies the method
by which the police made the
determination as to whether drugs
were involved or not for this person.
This element identifies if a chemical
test for the presence of drugs was
given to this person.
This element identifies the type of
chemical test for the presence of
drugs that was used for this person.
This element identifies the result of a
chemical test for the presence of
drugs for this person.
This element identifies the method of
transportation this person was
provided to receive treatment at the
first hospital or medical facility.
This element identifies if this person
died at the scene of the crash or en
route to a hospital or treatment
facility.
This element records the month, day
and year of this person’s death.
This element identifies factors
related to motor vehicle occupants
other than driver's expressed by the
investigating officer.
This element identifies factors
related to motor vehicle occupants
other than driver's expressed by the
investigating officer.
This element identifies the four-digit
GSA code for the City where the
death occurred, the two-digit state
number and the six-digit sequence
number from the death certificate as
assigned by the State Vital Statistics
or Vital Records Department.

2015
Element
Number
SP2

SP3

Element Name

Fatal Injury at Work

Race/Hispanic Origin

FARS, GES,
Case
Structure
FARS Only

FARS Only

Definition

This element indicates if the death
certificate identified this person as
being "at work" at the time of the
crash.
This element indicates the race and
Hispanic origin of this person from
the death certificate.

Person (Not A MV Occupant) Level Elements
NM1

State Number

FARS Only

NM2

Consecutive Number

FARS Only

NM3

Person Number

NM4

FARS/GES

NM5

Number of Motor
Vehicles Striking NonMotorist
Age

NM6

Sex

FARS/GES

NM7

Person Type

FARS/GES

NM8

Injury Severity

FARS/GES

NM9

Pedestrian/Bike Typing

FARS/GES

NM9 PB27

Marked Crosswalk
Present - Pedestrian

FARS/GES

NM9 PB27

Marked Crosswalk
Present - Bicyclist

FARS/GES

Case
Structure

FARS/GES

This element identifies the state in
which the crash occurred.
This element identifies the unique
case number assigned by the data
entry system.
This element identifies a number for
persons that are not in a motor
vehicle in consecutive order.
This data element captures the intransport vehicle that made contact
with this non-motorist.
This element identifies the persons
age, in years, with respect to the
person's last birthday.
This element identifies the sex of the
person involved in the crash
This element describes the role of
this person involved in the crash.
This element describes the severity
of the injury to this person in the
crash.
This element describes, through a
series of on-screen prompts, the
sequence of events and precipitating
actions leading to crashes between
motor vehicles and pedestrians or
bicyclists.
This element identifies if a marked
crosswalk was present at the crash
site.
This element identifies if a marked
crosswalk was present at the crash
site.

2015
Element
Number
NM9 PB28
NM9 PB28
NM9 PB29
NM9 PB29
NM9 PB30

Element Name

Sidewalk Present Pedestrian
Side Walk Present Bicyclist
School Zone - Pedestrian

FARS, GES,
Case
Structure
FARS/GES
FARS/GES
FARS/GES

School Zone - Bicyclist

FARS/GES

Crash Type - Pedestrian

FARS/GES

NM9 PB30B

Crash Type - Bicyclist

FARS/GES

NM9 PB31

Crash Location Pedestrian

FARS/GES

NM9 PB31B

Crash Location - Bicyclist

FARS/GES

NM9 PB32

Pedestrian Position

FARS/GES

NM9 PB32B

Bicyclist Position

FARS/GES

NM9 PB33

Pedestrian Initial
Direction

FARS/GES

NM9 PB33B

Bicyclist Direction

FARS/GES

NM9 PB34

Motorist Initial Direction

FARS/GES

NM9 PB35

Motorist Maneuver

FARS/GES

NM9 PB36

Intersection Leg

FARS/GES

Definition

This element identifies if a sidewalk
was present at the crash site.
This element identifies if a sidewalk
was present at the crash site.
This element identifies if the crash
occurred in a school zone.
This element identifies if the crash
occurred in a school zone.
This element summarizes the
circumstances of the crash for this
pedestrian.
This element summarizes the
circumstances of the crash for this
bicyclist.
This element summarizes the
circumstances of the crash for this
pedestrian.
This element identifies if the crash
location with respect to an
intersection.
This element identifies the location
of the pedestrian with respect to the
trafficway when contacted.
This element identifies the location
of the bicyclist with respect to the
trafficway when contacted.
This element identifies the compass
direction of travel of the pedestrian
prior to being contacted.
This element identifies the travel
direction of the bicyclist with respect
to the flow of traffic prior to being
contacted.
This element identifies the compass
direction of travel of the motorist
prior to being involved in the crash.
This element identifies if the motorist
was engaged in a turning maneuver
at an intersection prior to being
involved in the crash.
This element identifies on which leg
of an intersection the crash
occurred.

2015
Element
Number
NM9 PB37

Element Name

Pedestrian Scenario

FARS, GES,
Case
Structure
FARS/GES

NM9 PB38

Crash Group - Pedestrian

FARS/GES

NM9 PB38B

Crash Group - Bicyclist

FARS/GES

NM10

Non-Motorist Location At
Time of Crash

FARS/GES

NM11

Non-Motorist Action/
Circumstances

FARS/GES

NM12

Non-Motorist Contributing
Circumstances

FARS/GES

NM13

Non-Motorist Safety
Equipment

FARS/GES

NM14

Condition (Impairment) at
Time of Crash

FARS/GES

NM15

Police Reported Alcohol
Involvement

FARS/GES

NM16

Method of Alcohol
Determination (By Police)

FARS Only

NM17

Alcohol Test Type

FARS/GES

NM17

Alcohol Test Status

FARS/GES

NM17

Alcohol Test Result

FAR/GES

Definition

This element summarizes the
movements of the pedestrian and
motorist in an intersection area.
This element provides general
groupings of the more specific
individual Crash Types - Pedestrian.
This element provides general
groupings of the more specific
individual Crash Types - Bicyclist.
This element identifies the location
of the non-motorist with respect to
the roadway at the time of the crash.
This element describes the action(s)
of the non-motorist immediately prior
to their involvement in the crash.
This element identifies the location
of the non-motorist with respect to
the roadway at the time of the crash.
This element indicates the safety
equipment that was used by the
non-motorist involved in the crash.
This element attempts to identify any
physical impairment to this nonmotorist which may have contributed
to the cause of the crash.
This data element reflects only the
judgment of law enforcement as to
whether alcohol was involved or not
for this person.
This element describes the method
by which the police made the
determination as to whether alcohol
was involved or not for this person.
This element identifies if an alcohol
test was given to this person.
This element identifies the type of
the alcohol test that was used for
this person.
This element identifies the alcohol
test result for this person.

2015
Element
Number
NM18

Element Name

Police Reported Drug
Involvement

FARS, GES,
Case
Structure
FARS/GES

NM19

Method of Drug
Determination (By Police)

FARS Only

NM20

Drug Test Type

FARS/GES

NM20

Drug Test Status

FARS/GES

NM20

Drug Test Result

FARS/GES

NM21

Transported to First
Medical Facility By

FARS/GES

NM22

Died at Scene/Enroute

FARS Only

NM23

Death Date

FARS Only

NM24

Death Time

FARS Only

NM25

Related Factors - Person
(Not a MV Occupant)
Level

FARS/GES

SP1

Death Certificate Number

FARS Only

Definition

This data element reflects only the
judgment of law enforcement as to
whether drugs were involved or not
for this person.
This element identifies the method
by which the police made the
determination as to whether drugs
were involved or not for this person.
This element identifies if a drug test
was given to this person.
This element identifies the type of
drug test that was used for this
person.
This element identifies the drug test
result for this person.
This element identifies the method of
transportation this person was
provided to receive treatment at the
first hospital or medical facility.
This element identifies if this person
died at the scene of the crash or en
route to a hospital or treatment
facility.
This element records the month, day
and year of this person’s death.
This element identifies factors
related to motor vehicle occupants
other than driver's expressed by the
investigating officer.
This element identifies factors
related to motor vehicle occupants
other than driver's expressed by the
investigating officer.
This element identifies the four-digit
GSA code for the City where the
death occurred, the two-digit state
number and the six-digit sequence
number from the death certificate as
assigned by the State Vital Statistics
or Vital Records Department.

2015
Element
Number
SP2

SP3

Element Name

Fatal Injury at Work

Race/Hispanic Origin

FARS, GES,
Case
Structure
FARS Only

FARS Only

Definition

LIST OF ELEMENTS AND LOCATION CODES
ALL LEVELS

Page

Submission Instructions
Crash Level Form
Vehicle Level Form
Driver Level Form
Precrash Level (Vehicle/Driver) Form

Element
C1
V1
D1
PC1
P1
NM1

*State Number

CRASH LEVEL
C3
C4
C5
C6
C7
C8
C9
C10
C11
C12
C13
C14
C15
C16
C17
C18

Element

Number of Forms Submitted
For Persons Not In Motor
Vehicles
Number of Vehicle Forms
Submitted
Number of Motor Vehicle
Occupant Forms Submitted
*County
*City
Crash Date
Crash Time
*Trafficway Identifier
*Route Signing
*Land Use and Functional
System
*Ownership
*National Highway System
*Special Jurisdiction
*Milepoint
Global Position
Crash Events

* FARS ONLY Elements
2015

5
7
8
9
10

Page
Person Level (MV Occupant) Form
Person Level (Not a MV Occupant)
Form
Form Coding Instructions
Data Element Coding Instructions

Page
19

Element
C2
V2
D2
PC2
P2
NM2

Page
25
27
31
33
33
35
37
41
45
49
55
59
61
63
65
69

11
12
13
17

Page

*Consecutive Numbers

Element
C19
C20
C21
C22
C23
C24
C25
C26
C27
C28
C29
C30
C31
C32
C33
C34
C35

Page

First Harmful Event
Manner of Collision
Relation to Junction
Type of Intersection
Relation to Trafficway
Work Zone
Light Condition
Atmospheric Conditions
School Bus Related
*Rail Grade Crossing
Identifier
*Notification Time EMS
*Arrival Time EMS
*EMS Time at Hospital
Related Factors – Crash
Level
**Interstate Highway
**Stratum
**Police Jurisdiction
Additional State Information

99
119
125
139
143
153
155
159
163
167
169
173
177
181
191
193
199
201

** GES ONLY Elements
1

VEHICLE LEVEL
V3
V4
V5
V6
V7
V8
V9
V10
V11
V12
V13
V14
V15
V16
V17

V18
V19

Element
Vehicle Number
Number of Occupants
Unit Type
Hit-and-Run
Registration State
*Registered Vehicle Owner
Vehicle Make Model Overview
Vehicle Make
Vehicle Model
Body Type
Vehicle Model Year
Vehicle Identification Number
Vehicle Trailing
Jackknife
Motor Carrier Identification
Number
Gross Vehicle Weight Rating
/Gross Combination Weight
Rating
Vehicle Configuration
Cargo Body Type

Page
203
205
207
219
221
225
229
233
237
341
365
367
371
379
381

V20
V21
V22
V23
V24
V25
V26
V27
V28
V29
V30
V31
V32
V33

387
V34

Element
Hazardous Material
Involvement/Placard
Bus Use
Special Use
Emergency Motor Vehicle
Use
Travel Speed
*Underride/Override
Rollover
Location of Rollover
Areas of Impact
Extent of Damage
Vehicle Removal
Sequence of Events
Most Harmful Event
Related Factors – Vehicle
Level
Fire Occurrence

Page
403
411
415
419
423
425
429
431
435
447
451
455
477
493
499

391
397

DRIVER LEVEL
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
D8
D9
D10
D11
D12
D13
D14

Element
Vehicle Number
Driver Presence
Driver’s License State
Driver’s Zip Code
*Non-CDL License Type
Status
*Commercial Motor Vehicle
License Status
*Compliance with CDL
Endorsements
*License Compliance with
Class of Vehicle
*Compliance with License
Restrictions
*Driver Height
*Driver Weight
*Previous Recorded Crashes

* FARS ONLY Elements

Page
503
505
509
513
515

D15
D16
D17
D18

525
D19
529
D20
533
537

D21
D22
D23

541
543
545

D24

Element
*Previous Recorded Suspensions and Revocations
*Previous DWI Convictions
*Previous Speeding
Convictions
*Previous Other Moving
Violation Convictions
*Date of FIRST Crash,
Suspension, Conviction
*Date of LAST Crash,
Suspension, Conviction
Violations Charged
Speeding Related
Condition (Impairment)
at Time of Crash
Related Factors – Driver
Level

** GES ONLY Elements

2015

Page
545
545
545
545
551
551
555
561
563
567

PRECRASH LEVEL
PC3
PC4
PC5
PC6
PC7
PC8
PC9
PC10
PC11
PC12
PC13
PC14

Element
Precrash Overview
Vehicle Number
Contributing Circumstance,
Motor Vehicle
Trafficway Description
Total Lanes in Roadway
Speed Limit
Roadway Alignment
Roadway Grade
*Roadway Surface Type
Roadway Surface Conditions
Traffic Control Device
Device Functioning
Driver’s Vision Obscured
By

Page
585
603
605
609
613
617
621
623
625
627
631
639
641

PC15
PC16
PC17
PC18
PC19
PC20
PC21
PC22
PC23

Element
Driver Maneuvered to
Avoid
Driver Distracted By
Pre-Event Movement
(Prior to Recognition
of Critical Event)
Critical Event – Precrash
(Category)
Critical Event – Precrash
(Event)
Attempted Avoidance
Maneuver
Pre-Impact Stability
Pre-Impact Location
Crash Type

PERSON (MOTOR VEHICLE OCCUPANT) LEVEL
P3
P4
P5
P6
P7
P8
P9
P10
P11
P12
P13
P14
P15
P16

Element
Vehicle Number
Person Number
Age
Sex
Person Type
Injury Severity
Seating Position
Restraint System/Helmet Use
Any Indication of Mis-Use
of Restraint System/Helmet
Use
Air Bag Deployed
Ejection
*Ejection Path
*Extrication
Police Reported Alcohol
Involvement

* FARS ONLY Elements
2015

Page
721
723
725
729
731
735
741
747
753
755
759
761
763
765

P17
P18
P19
P20
P21
P22
P23
P24
P25
P26
SP1
SP2
SP3

Element
*Method of Alcohol
Determination By Police
Alcohol Test
Police Reported Drug
Involvement
*Method of Drug Determination By Police
Drug Test
Transported to First Medical
Facility By
*Died at Scene/En Route
*Death Date
*Death Time
Related Factors – Person
(MV Occupant) Level

Page
645
649
655
663
665
679
683
685
689

Page
769
773
781
785
789
809
813
815
817
819

*Death Certificate Number
*Fatal Injury at Work
*Race/Hispanic Origin

925
927
929

Appendix

949

** GES ONLY Elements
3

PERSON (NOT A MOTOR VEHICLE OCCUPANT) LEVEL
NM3
NM4
NM5
NM6
NM7
NM8
NM9
NM10
NM11
NM12
NM13
NM14

Element
Person Number
Number of Motor Vehicle
Striking Non-Occupant
Age
Sex
Person Type
Injury Severity
Pedestrian/Bike Typing
Non-Motorist Location at
Time of Crash
Non-Motorist Action/
Circumstances
Non-Motorist Contributing
Circumstances
Non-Motorist Safety
Equipment
Condition (Impairment)
at Time of Crash

Page
831
833
839
841
843
851
855
865
875
881
887
891

NM15
NM16
NM17
NM18
NM19
NM20
NM21
NM22
NM23
NM24
NM25

SP1
SP2
SP3

* FARS ONLY Elements

Element
Police Reported Alcohol
Involvement
*Method of Alcohol Determination By Police
Alcohol Test
Police Reported Drug
Involvement
*Method of Drug Determination By Police
Drug Test
Transported to First Medical
Facility By
*Died at Scene/En Route
*Death Date
*Death Time
Related Factors – Person
(Not a MV Occupant)
Level

Page
893
895
897
899
901
903
907
909
911
913
915

*Death Certificate Number
*Fatal Injury at Work
*Race/Hispanic Origin

925
927
929

Appendix

949

** GES ONLY Elements

2015

100. SUBMISSION INSTRUCTIONS
101. HOW TO SUBMIT
Each case must have at least one person level form with INJURY SEVERITY
attribute Fatal Injury.
2015 Data
Enter data directly from coded FARS forms, using procedures described in the
FARS MICROCOMPUTER DATA ENTRY MANUAL.
2016 Data
Enter data directly from coded FARS forms (Exhibit 100-A), using procedures
described in the FARS Microcomputer Data Entry Manual (MDE Manual).
102. WHEN TO SUBMIT
Make submissions at anytime during the week via the Microcomputer.
103. DATA SOURCES

2015

Use the ANSI D16.1 Manual on Classification of Motor Vehicle Traffic
Accident for definitions in coding the FARS forms.

Obtain information from death certificates for persons who die as a result
of injuries sustained in a motor vehicle crash.

Use the State Driver Licensing Files, Vehicle Registration Files, Highway
Department Files, Crash Reports and Vital Statistics Reports.

See the FARS MDE manual for instructions on obtaining data and
responding to requests for data on vehicles and drivers not registered or
licensed in your state.

The message system should be used to obtain data on involved Out-ofState drivers and vehicles.

Hierarchy for Case Materials:
a. An Early Notification Report can get corrected/replaced/ clarified by
b. A Police Accident Report (PAR) can get corrected/replaced/
clarified by
c. A Supplemental Police Accident Report (PAR) can get corrected/
replaced/clarified by
d. A Reconstruction Report

2015

CRASH LEVEL FORM

2015

VEHICLE LEVEL FORM

2015

DRIVER LEVEL FORM

2015

PRECRASH LEVEL (VEHICLE/DRIVER) FORM

2015

PERSON LEVEL (MV OCCUPANT) FORM

2015

PERSON LEVEL (NOT A MV OCCUPANT) FORM

2015

200. FORM CODING INSTRUCTIONS
201. GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS

2015

Codes

.11

All codes are numeric except TRAFFICWAY IDENTIFIER,
ADDITIONAL STATE INFORMATION, RAIL GRADE CROSSING
IDENTIFIER, VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER and MOTOR
CARRIER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER.

.12

All codes are on the forms except: OWNERSHIP, GLOBAL POSITION,
CRASH EVENTS, FIRST HARMFUL EVENT, RAIL GRADE
CROSSING IDENTIFIER, RELATED FACTORS, VEHICLE MAKE,
VEHICLE MODEL, BODY TYPE, MOTOR CARRIER IDENTIFICATION
NUMBER, SEQUENCE OF EVENTS, MOST HARMFUL EVENT,
VIOLATIONS CHARGED, TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE, CRITICAL
EVENT – PRECRASH (EVENT), CRASH TYPE, NON-MOTORIST
LOCATION AT TIME OF CRASH, PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING,
DEATH CERTIFICATE NUMBER, FATAL INJURY AT WORK and
RACE/HISPANIC ORIGIN. See the appropriate data element pages for
these codes.

.13

The code for attribute Unknown is always nine. Unknown should only
be used when all sources for obtaining information on an element have
been searched and the information is missing or stated unknown. In an
element that includes the attribute Not Reported, Unknown is only
used for stated unknowns.

.14

The code for attribute Not Applicable or its equivalent is always
zero(s), except for data elements C29-C31 where Not Applicable (Not
Notified) is 8888, P13 where Not Applicable is 8, P24/NM23 where
Not Applicable (non-fatal) is 88888888 and P25/NM24 where Not
Applicable (non-fatal) is 8888, SP2 where Not Applicable (not a
fatality) is 8.

.15

The code for attribute None is always zero except for Alcohol Test
Result.

Coding Forms

.21

Blanks are used only in fields to be later updated with four exceptions:

.211

If DRIVER PRESENCE is coded “0” or “9” all other driver information
except RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER LEVEL must be blank.
If VIN is less than seventeen characters, do not zero-fill, leave
remaining characters blank. If a State is not allowed to code the entire
VIN, code the partial VIN and zero-fill the characters that cannot be
completed.

.212

.213

If TRAFFICWAY IDENTIFIER is less than 30 characters, do not zero-fill
or 9-fill. Leave remaining characters blank. The second TRAFFICWAY
IDENTIFIER field is also left blank for non-junction crashes.

.214

If MOTOR CARRIER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER is less than 9
characters, do not zero-fill or 9-fill. Leave remaining characters blank.

.22

All codes are right-justified except VIN, TRAFFICWAY IDENTIFIER
and MOTOR CARRIER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER.

Vehicle, Driver, Precrash and both Person Level Forms. These forms
are automatically numbered by the system.

.31

Vehicles are numbered consecutively beginning with “001.”

.32

For each vehicle, persons are numbered consecutively beginning with
“001.” Order is not important. The driver does not have to be “001.”

.33

Persons not in motor vehicles are numbered consecutively beginning
with “01.” Order is not important.

Miscellaneous

.41

The number of changes per case is not limited.

.42

Request of other States for information should always follow the format
of the MDE systems Out-Of-State Data Request whether the MDE
System itself or the mail is used.

.43

Refer all coding questions through the CODING ASSISTANCE
PROGRAM.

.44

Copies of all cases or other actions submitted must be retained for 3
years after the data collection year.

.45

If a State will not allow transmittal of complete VIN, send a
memorandum to the COTR informing him of this fact.
2015

Special Case - Coding Fatal Traffic Crashes for which there is only a
death certificate.

.51

Be sure the death occurred within thirty (30) days of the crash. If you
don’t know, do not submit the case. If it occurred after 30 days, do not
submit.

.52

For the cases you do submit, you must complete Forms HS-214,
HS-214A, HS-214B, HS-214C, HS-214D, HS-214E unless you have
been granted an exemption.

Code the required elements as follows:
The following elements must be coded. If any of these elements are
left blank or if an edit check is violated which involves the coding of one
of these elements, you will not have a usable FARS case.

Crash Level (Form HS-214)
Crash Date Crash Time Number of Forms
Submitted for Persons
Not In Motor Vehicles Number of Vehicle Forms
Submitted Number of Motor
Vehicle Occupant
Forms Submitted Crash Events First Harmful Event -

Appropriate Day, Month and Year
Appropriate hour and minute if known,
9999 if not known
00-99
001-999
000-999
Table completed in MDE
Appropriate attribute derived from table,
99 if not known

Vehicle Level (Form HS-214A)
Vehicle Number Number of Occupants Unit Type -

001-999
01-96 if known,
99 if unknown
1-4

Driver Level (Forms HS-214B)
Vehicle Number Driver Presence 2015

001-999
Appropriate attribute if known,
9 if unknown
15

Precrash Form (Form HS-214C)
Vehicle Number Crash Type -

001-999 if occupant
01-99

Person Level (Motor Vehicle Occupant) (Form HS-214D)
Vehicle Number Person Number Person Type -

001-999 if occupant
001-999
01-03, 09 for occupants

Person Level (Not a Motor Vehicle Occupant) (Form HS-214E)
Person Number Number of Motor Vehicle
Striking Non-Motorist Person Type .61

001-999
001-999
04-08, 10, 19 for non-occupants

Code all other elements with the proper attribute if information is
known. If no information is known, code the items Unknown or Not
Reported. There are three exceptions to this, Rollover, Emergency
Motor Vehicle Use and Fire Occurrence should all use the attribute “0”
(No Rollover, Not Applicable and No or Not Reported, respectively).

202. DELETION INSTRUCTIONS
See FARS Microcomputer Data Entry Manual for instructions on how to delete a
case.
203. REQUEST FOR CASE LISTING INSTRUCTIONS
See FARS Microcomputer Data Entry Manual for instructions on how to list a
case.

2015

300. DATA ELEMENT CODING INSTRUCTIONS
301. SECTION ORGANIZATION
.1

For each element on the FARS forms, an instruction page follows in
the order of the elements on the forms. In an element that is
duplicated on more the one form, the instructions are provided in the
first occurrence of the element with reference to the second
occurrence.

.11

The letters in the upper right hand corner refer to the forms:
‘C’ – Crash Level Form
‘V’ – Vehicle Level Form
‘D’ – Driver Level Form
PC’ – Precrash Level (Vehicle/Driver) Form
‘P’ – Person Level (MV Occupant) Form
‘NM’ – Person Level (Not a MV Occupant) Form

2015

.12

The Format section gives the type element and whether it must be
coded for an original case or whether it can be changed.

.13

The Element Value section lists the attributes for the element and their
associated codes.

.14

The Remarks section contains coding instructions, special instructions,
etc., for the element.

THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

2015

C1, V1, D1
PC1, P1, NM1

STATE NUMBER
(FARS Only)

FORMAT: 2 numeric
SAS NAME: Accident.STATE
ELEMENT VALUES:
01
02
04
05
06
08
09
10
11
12
13
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30

Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana

31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56

Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Virgin Islands
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming

Definition: This element identifies the state in which the crash occurred.
Remarks: None.

2015

C1, V1, D1
PC1, P1, NM1
Consistency Checks:
IF
(200P)

(A940)

CITY is greater than 0000 and less
than 9997, and COUNTY is greater
than 000 and less than 997,
LIGHT CONDITION equals 4, and
STATE is not equal to 02,
LIGHT CONDITION equals 5, and
STATE is not equal to 02,
STATE equals 02, and LIGHT
CONDITION equals 4,
STATE equals 02, and LIGHT
CONDITION equals 5,
STATE NUMBER equals 02, 11, 52,

(A945)

STATE NUMBER equals 15,

(A950)

STATE NUMBER equals 09, 10, 25,
34, 36, 41, 43, 44, 50, 55,
STATE NUMBER equals 01, 05, 06,
12, 13, 17, 18, 19, 21, 24, 26, 27, 28,
29, 33, 37, 39, 42, 45, 47, 51, 53, 54,
STATE NUMBER equals 04, 08, 16,
20, 22, 23, 31, 35, 38, 40, 48, 49, 56,
STATE NUMBER equals 30, 32, 46,

(220P)
(2300)
(A010)
(A020)

(A955)

(A960)
(A961)

(G01P) STATE is ____, and GLOBAL
POSITION - LATITUDE (degrees) is
not equal to 77, 88, 99,
(G02P) STATE is ____, and GLOBAL
POSITION - LATITUDE (degrees)
equals ( 1d ),
(G03P) STATE is ____, and GLOBAL
POSITION - LATITUDE (degrees)
equals ( 2d ),
(G04P) STATE is ____, and GLOBAL
POSITION - LONGITUDE (degrees) is
not equal to 777, 888, 999,
(G05P) STATE is ____, and GLOBAL
POSITION - LONGITUDE (degrees)
equals ( 3d ),

THEN
COUNTY and CITY must be valid codes
for the STATE.
CRASH TIME must equal 0300-0900,
9999.
CRASH TIME must equal 1600-2200,
9999.
CRASH TIME should equal 0300-1000,
9999.
CRASH TIME should equal 1500-2359,
9999.
maximum SPEED LIMIT (not including
98 or 99) should equal 55.
maximum SPEED LIMIT (not including
98 or 99) should equal 60.
maximum SPEED LIMIT (not including
98 or 99) should equal 65.
maximum SPEED LIMIT (not including
98 or 99) should equal 70.
maximum SPEED LIMIT (not including
98 or 99) should equal 75.
maximum SPEED LIMIT (not including
98 or 99) should equal 80.
LATITUDE (degrees) must be equal to,
or greater than ( 1d ), and LATITUDE
(degrees) must not be greater than
( 2d ).
LATITUDE (minutes) must be equal to,
or greater than ( 1s ).
LATITUDE (minutes) must not be
greater than ( 2s ).
LONGITUDE (degrees) must be equal
to, or greater than, ( 3d ), and
LONGITUDE (degrees) must not be
greater than ( 4d ).
LONGITUDE (minutes) must be equal
to, or greater than ( 3s ).

2015

C1, V1, D1
PC1, P1, NM1
IF
(G06P) STATE is ____, and GLOBAL
POSITION - LONGITUDE (degrees)
equals ( 4d ),
(V983) VEHICLE TRAILING equals 3,
(V984)

STATE does not equal 04, 08, 16, 18,
20, 30-32, 38-41, 46, 49,

THEN
LONGITUDE (minutes) must not be
greater than ( 4s ).
STATE should equal 04, 08, 16, 18, 20,
30-32, 38-41, 46, 49.
VEHICLE TRAILING should not equal 3.

Consistency Check (FARS ONLY):
(U370)

2015

UNLIKELY: EXTENT OF DAMAGE equals 8 if STATE NUMBER does not
equal 34, 48, 49 or 53.

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2015

C2, V2, D2
PC2, P2, NM2

CONSECUTIVE NUMBER
(FARS Only)

FORMAT: 4 numeric
SAS NAME: Accident.ST_CASE
ELEMENT VALUES:
0001-9999 Assigned Number
Definition: This element identifies the unique case number assigned by the data entry
system.
Remarks:
Please complete FARS forms with the MDE assigned case number.

2015

THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

2015

NUMBER OF FORMS SUBMITTED FOR PERSONS
NOT IN MOTOR VEHICLES
FORMAT: 2 numeric
SAS NAME: Accident.PEDS
ELEMENT VALUES:
00-99

Actual Number

Definition: This element records the number of Person Forms (Not a Motor Vehicle Occupant)
that are applicable to this case.
Remarks:
This count will match exactly the persons counted in the case structure field “Number of
Persons Not in Motor Vehicles” (formerly called “Number of Non-Motorist Forms Submitted”).
Occupants of any motor vehicle in-transport, parked/stopped off roadway motor vehicles,
working motor vehicles, or motor vehicles in motion outside the trafficway will not be counted in
this field.
The count for this field includes:
1. Occupants of a Non-Motor Vehicle Transport Device (persons riding in an animal-drawn
conveyance, on an animal, injured occupants of railway trains) - Person Type (NM7)
attribute 04 (Occupant of a Non-Motor Vehicle Transport Device).
2. Pedestrians, Bicyclists and Other Cyclists - Person Type (NM7) attributes: “05, 06 and
07.”
3. Other Persons on Personal Conveyances (i.e., skaters, wheel chair occupants) – Person
(Not a Motor Vehicle Occupant) form Person Type attribute 08 (Person on Personal
Conveyances).
4. Any injured persons outside the trafficway that are not in a motor vehicle (in buildings) Person (Not a Motor Vehicle Occupant) form Person Type attribute 10 (Persons In/On
Buildings).
Consistency Checks:
IF
(5Y0F)
(CSI4)

2015

THEN

FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
08, 09, 15,

NUMBER OF FORMS SUBMITTED
FOR PERSONS NOT IN MOTOR
VEHICLES must not equal 00.
NUMBER OF FORMS SUBMITTED FOR PERSONS NOT IN MOTOR
VEHICLES must equal the actual number of persons not in motor vehicles in this
case.
25

C3
IF
(PB34)

(PB35)

THEN
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING -CRASH
TYPE - PEDESTRIAN must not equal
320, 330, 360, 680, 830, 890, 900 or
910.
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING -CRASH
LOCATION - PEDESTRIAN must equal
1.

2015

NUMBER OF VEHICLE FORMS SUBMITTED
FORMAT: 3 numeric
SAS NAME: Accident.VE_TOTAL
ELEMENT VALUES:
001-999
Definition: This element records all contact motor vehicles which the officer has reported on
the Police Accident Report (PAR) as a unit involved in the crash.
Remarks:
Included are: in-transport vehicles, not in-transport vehicles (parked/stopped off
roadway/working motor vehicles) or vehicles located outside the trafficway boundaries.
When identifying contact vehicles for this count:
1. Remember all vehicles that are part of the unstabilized situation are part of the crash.
Therefore, when recording the number of vehicles involved, the vehicles need not make
contact with one another. They need only have a harmful event as part of the
unstabilized situation. For example, two vehicles are traveling through an intersection
when a pedestrian steps into the roadway. The first vehicle strikes the pedestrian and
the second vehicle swerves to avoid the first, loses control and overturns. Both vehicles
in this situation are “contact” vehicles; therefore, this is a two-vehicle crash.
2. Even though there are no injuries in the vehicle or the amount of damage sustained is
below the state threshold, if the vehicle is involved in a harmful event it is still a contact
vehicle within the entire crash and should be included in this count even if the vehicle
information section is not completed on the PAR.
IMPORTANT:
Remember, you must have at least one motor vehicle “In-Transport” involved in the crash for
this to be a reportable case.
GES SPECIAL INSTRUCTION:
When one motor vehicle is towing another, the number of motor vehicles entered depends on
the type of linkage between the vehicles. A fixed linkage is defined as one which has the
property of keeping the towed unit separated from the power unit by a distance which is
essentially constant. Included within this definition are cradle linkages where the towed unit
has two or more wheels off the ground. A non-fixed linkage (such as a rope or a chain)
requires the towed unit to be manually controlled.

2015

C4
If the PAR indicates (probably in the narrative section) the linkage between the units is fixed,
consider the towed unit as cargo throughout the entire crash sequence, regardless of
subsequent events/impacts sustained by the towed unit. In other words, a vehicle towed by a
fixed linkage: (1) is never considered as an in-transport vehicle, and (2) will be considered as
cargo associated with the power unit.
If the linkage between the units is non-fixed, each vehicle is considered to be in-transport, and
only the vehicle(s) involved in the crash sequence can be counted. If no information is
available regarding type of linkage, assume fixed linkage.
Consistency Checks:

(050P)
(1A0P)
(2Z0F)
(428P)
(429P)
(42AP)

(431P)

(432P)
(670F)
(A080)

(A090)

THEN

PERSON TYPE equals 04-08, 19,
and NUMBER OF VEHICLE FORMS
SUBMITTED equals 001,
RELATED FACTORS-CRASH LEVEL
equals 14,
any SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals
12, 14, 45, 54, 55,
CRASH TYPE equals 20-91,

NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE
STRIKING NON-MOTORIST must equal
001.
NUMBER OF VEHICLE FORMS
SUBMITTED must be greater than 001.
NUMBER OF VEHICLE FORMS
SUBMITTED must be greater than 001.
NUMBER OF VEHICLE FORMS
SUBMITTED must be greater than 001.
CRASH TYPE must equal 00, 01-16, 92,
98, 99.
CRITICAL EVENT – PRECRASH
(EVENT) should equal 01-06, 08-14 or
19.

NUMBER OF VEHICLE FORMS
SUBMITTED equals 001,
NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLES
FORMS SUBMITTED equals 001,
and RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY
equals 02, 04, 06-08, and
ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE
MANEUVER equals 00 or 01,
NUMBER OF VEHICLE FORMS
SUBMITTED equals 002, and
UNDERRIDE/OVERRIDE equals 1-8,
9 for one vehicle,
NUMBER OF VEHICLE FORMS
SUBMITTED equals 001,
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
12, 14, 45, 54, 55,
DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, and
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 12,
and NUMBER OF VEHICLE FORMS
SUBMITTED equals 002,
NUMBER OF VEHICLE FORMS
SUBMITTED is greater than 001,

UNDERRIDE/OVERRIDE for the other
vehicle must equal 0.

UNDERRIDE/OVERRIDE must equal
0.
NUMBER OF VEHICLE FORMS
SUBMITTED must be greater than 001.
one RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER
LEVEL should equal 20.
there should be at least one vehicle with
TRAVEL SPEED of 001-151, 997-999,
or blanks.

2015

C4
IF

THEN

(AZDQ) DRIVER MANEUVERED TO AVOID
NUMBER OF VEHICLE FORMS
equals 04,
SUBMITTED must be greater than 001.
(CSI1) NUMBER OF VEHICLE FORMS must equal the actual number of Vehicle Level
forms for this case.
(CSI2) There must be exactly one Driver Level form corresponding to each Vehicle
Level form.

2015

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2015

NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE OCCUPANT
FORMS SUBMITTED
FORMAT: 3 numeric
SAS NAME: Accident.PERSONS
ELEMENT VALUES:
000-999
Definition: This element records the number of Person Forms (Motor Vehicle
Occupant) that are applicable to this case.
Remarks:
A Person Level form must be submitted for all persons involved in the crash, having
any information provided on the PAR, such as injury severity, seating position,
gender, restraint usage, ejection, and airbag deployment status, except for:
1) Bus passengers with INJURY SEVERITY equal to 9 (Unknown) or 0 (No
Apparent Injury). (excluding van-based bus passengers); and
2) Railway train occupants with INJURY SEVERITY equal to 9 (Unknown) or 0 (No
Apparent Injury).
Always submit a Person Level (MV Occupant) form for the bus driver regardless
of injury and any injured bus passengers. Injured railway train occupants are
submitted on a Person Level (Not a MV Occupant) form. Persons ejected or who fall
from a motor vehicle in-transport are still considered occupants of that vehicle for the
duration of the unstabilized situation.
Submit a Person Level form for persons in a hit-and-run vehicle. If no information is
known, code all elements as Unknown.
FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION:
Before 2003, the policy was not to submit a Person Level form for uninjured occupants
of van-based buses. This policy has changed beginning in 2003. Always submit a
Person Level form for all occupants of van-based vehicles, including van-based buses.
Consistency Check:
(CSI3)

2015

NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE OCCUPANT FORMS SUBMITTED must equal
the actual number of Person Level (Motor Vehicle Occupant) forms for this case.

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2015

C6/C7

COUNTY/CITY
(FARS Only)

FORMAT: one set 3 numeric, one set 4 numeric
SAS NAME: Accident.COUNTY, Person.COUNTY, Accident.CITY
ELEMENT VALUES:
County:
000
Not Applicable
001-996
GSA Codes
997
Other
998
Not Reported
999
Unknown

City:
0000
Not Applicable
0001-9996 GSA Codes
9997
Other
9898
Not Reported
9999
Unknown

Definition: This element refers to the location of the unstabilized event.
Remarks:
COUNTY and CITY are considered one field. Both must be submitted at the same time.
If COUNTY only is known, CITY may be 9999 (Unknown).
Code CITY as 0000 (Not Applicable) if the crash does not occur within city limits.
Code CITY as 9997 (Other) if CITY is other than those given by the GSA Codes.
Code CITY as 9999 (Unknown) if crash location is unknown.
Code COUNTY as 997 (Other) if COUNTY is other than those given by the GSA Codes.
Code COUNTY as 999 (Unknown) if location is unknown.
In general, Not Applicable should be used when there is no GSA code for the crash location.
Other should be used when the Analyst knows there is a GSA code for the location, but the
attribute does not appear on the master GSA code list provided by Headquarters. Both
situations should be reported to Headquarters.
Not Reported
If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable,
then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”.

2015

C6/C7
Code Not Reported in these two situations:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the information to
code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials)
2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case materials).
Consistency Checks:
IF
(200P)
(210P)

CITY is greater than 0000 and less
than 9997, and COUNTY is greater
than 000 and less than 997,
CITY is greater than 0000 and less
than 9997,

THEN
COUNTY and CITY must be valid codes
for the STATE.
COUNTY must not equal 999.

2015

CRASH DATE
FORMAT: 2 sets of 2 numeric and 1 set of 4 numeric
SAS NAME: Accident.DAY, Vehicle.DAY, Person.DAY, parkwork.PDAY, Accident.MONTH,
Accident.DAY_WEEK, Accident.YEAR; Vehicle.MONTH; Person.MONTH;
parkwork.PMONTH
ELEMENT VALUES:
01-12
01-31
Current (pre-printed)

Month
Day )$562QO\
Year

Definition: This element identifies the date on which the crash occurred.
Remarks:
If the PAR indicates that the crash (usually a hit-and-run) occurred between some PM and AM
time (e.g., 8:00 PM and 6:00 AM) on either a preceding or following day, code the crash as
occurring on the following day. If a range of days is indicated (e.g., between Sunday and
Friday), code the last date of the range (e.g., Friday).
FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION:
In cases where the crash date is reported as Unknown on the PAR, refer to the death
certificate for the death date to establish the crash date.
GES SPECIAL INSTRUCTION:
The date of the crash is rolled up from NASS sampling program.
If the date of the crash is unknown, use the date the crash was reported. If the time of the
crash is unknown, record the time as 9999.
If the month cannot be determined from the PAR, enter the month of the Ending Contact Date
from the Inventory Record.
If the crash date on the PAR does not match the crash date shown on the data entry screen
and it is determined that the crash date on the PAR is correct, the crash date is corrected.

2015

C8
Consistency Checks:
IF
(1C0P)
(3K0P)
(3U0P)
(4V1F)
(4V2F)
(4V3F)
(4V4F)
(4V5F)
(5K0P)
(6V0P)
(7V0F)
(921P)
(A030)
(A040)
(FP4F)
(V620)

THEN

the MODEL YEAR is not equal to
the vehicle MODEL YEAR must not be
9998 or 9999,
greater than CRASH YEAR plus ONE.
DATE OF LAST CRASH, SUSPENSION, CONVICTION must be less than or equal
to CRASH DATE.
DEATH DATE equals CRASH DATE, DEATH TIME must not be less than CRASH
and CRASH TIME is not equal to
TIME.
9999,
INJURY SEVERITY equals 4,
DEATH DATE and DEATH TIME for this
person must be within 720 hours of the
CRASH DATE and CRASH TIME.
CRASH MONTH equals 12, and
DEATH YEAR must equal CRASH YEAR
DEATH MONTH equals 01,
plus 1.
CRASH MONTH equals 12,
DEATH MONTH must equal 01, 12, 88, 99.
CRASH MONTH equals 02-11, and
DEATH MONTH must equal CRASH
DEATH MONTH is not equal to 88 or
MONTH or CRASH MONTH plus 1.
99,
CRASH MONTH equals 01, and
DEATH MONTH must equal CRASH
DEATH MONTH is not equal to 88 or
MONTH or CRASH MONTH plus 1 or
99,
CRASH MONTH plus 2.
The Year of DATE OF FIRST CRASH, SUSPENSION, CONVICTION must be within
five years of the Year of CRASH DATE.
DEATH DATE must not be less than CRASH DATE.
DEATH YEAR equals 9999,
CRASH MONTH must not be 01-11.
MAKE is not 97, 98, 99, and equals
MODEL YEAR must equal ___, or CRASH
___, and MODEL equals ___,
YEAR plus 1.
CRASH MONTH equals 05-09,
ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS should not
equal 03, 04, 11, 12.
CRASH MONTH equals 05-09,
ROADWAY SURFACE CONDITIONS
should not equal 03, 04, 10.
CRASH DATE is blank, case status is flawed.
CRASH MONTH is between January
the VEHICLE MODEL YEAR should NOT
and March,
be greater than the CRASH YEAR unless it
equals 9998 or 9999 (contact Coding
Assistance).

Consistency Checks (FARS Only):

(P520)

THEN

CRASH DATE and DEATH DATE are
the same, and CRASH TIME and
DEATH TIME are the same,

TRANSPORTED TO FIRST MEDICAL
FACILITY BY should equal 0, and DIED
AT SCENE/EN ROUTE should equal 7.

2015

CRASH TIME
FORMAT: 4 numeric
SAS NAME: Accident.Hour, Accident.Minute; Vehicle.HOUR, Vehicle.MINUTE,
Person.HOUR, Person.MINUTE, parkwork.PHOUR, parkwork.PMINUTE
ELEMENT VALUES:
0000-2359 Valid military time (Code midnight as “0000”)
9999
Unknown
Definition: This element identifies the time at which the crash occurred.
Remarks:
Enter the time at which the crash occurred as shown on the PAR. This is the preferred
time in all cases. If the crash time is not reported, unknown or known to be in error,
then all available information in the case materials should be used to determine Crash Time. If
the hour cannot be determined, then enter 9999 (Unknown).
If the PAR indicates the crash occurred during some time interval of greater than one hour
(e.g., 8:00 PM to 6:00 AM, or 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM), enter 9999 (Unknown). However, if the
interval is one hour or less, code the midpoint of the interval.
Examples:




8:00 PM to 9:00 PM, enter 2030
8:30 PM to 9:30 PM, enter 2100
8:50 PM to 9:30 PM, enter 2110

When the time is available but AM versus PM is not shown on the PAR, base the time on
LIGHT CONDITION (e.g., time is 10:00, LIGHT CONDITION is 2 (Dark - Not Lighted); code
as 2200).
Midnight or 12 AM is coded as 0000 in military time and is the start of a new day. One minute
after midnight is 12:01 and is coded as 0001.
AM - Starts at 00:00 Midnight
PM - Starts at 12:00 Noon
If the case materials state the crash occurred at the beginning or early moments of the day,
midnight is coded as 0000.

2015

C9
FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION:
If the day of the crash and the day of EMS Notification do not have the same date, then be
sure to use attribute 18 (Date of Accident and Date of EMS Notification Were Not the
Same Day) in RELATED FACTORS - CRASH LEVEL.
How to Code Midnight:
In general, code midnight as 0000. However, there may be confusion over which day midnight
falls into. CRASH TIME is recorded between 00:00-23:59. Midnight is coded as 0000 to
represent the beginning of a new day. This may not be the practice followed in your sources.
Therefore, you have to determine which part of the day is being considered in your sources.
End of Day:
If your data sources give you a CRASH DATE and are consistent in talking about the end of
that day, when they give the time of the crash as midnight, 12:00-midnight, 24:00 or 00:00,
then you should code Crash Time as 2359.
Beginning of Day:
If your sources give a CRASH DATE and are consistent in referring to the beginning or early
moments of that day when they give a crash time, code midnight as 0000.
See remarks-NOTIFICATION/ARRIVAL TIME EMS, EMS ARRIVAL AT HOSPITAL.
GES SPECIAL INSTRUCTION:
The time of the crash is rolled up from NASS sampling program. If the time of the crash is
unknown, record the time as 9999 (Unknown).
If the time of the crash on the PAR does not match the crash time shown on the data entry
screen and it is determined that the crash time on the PAR is correct, then the crash time
should be changed to reflect the time listed on the PAR.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(220P)
(2300)
(3U0P)

LIGHT CONDITION equals 4, and
STATE is not equal to 02,
LIGHT CONDITION equals 5, and
STATE is not equal to 02,
DEATH DATE equals CRASH DATE,
and CRASH TIME is not equal to
9999,

THEN
CRASH TIME must equal 0300-0900,
9999.
CRASH TIME must equal 1600-2200,
9999.
DEATH TIME must not be less than
CRASH TIME.

2015

C9
IF
(4V1F)
(A010)
(A020)
(A041)
(A050)
(A060)
(A070)
(FP5F)
(P56P)

THEN

INJURY SEVERITY equals 4,

DEATH DATE and DEATH TIME for this
person must be within 720 hours of the
CRASH DATE and CRASH TIME.
STATE equals 02, and LIGHT
CRASH TIME should equal 0300-1000,
CONDITION equals 4,
9999.
STATE equals 02, and LIGHT
CRASH TIME should equal 1500-2359,
CONDITION equals 5,
9999.
CRASH MONTH equals 05-09,
SEQUENCE OF EVENTS, FIRST
HARMFUL EVENT, MOST HARMFUL
EVENT should not equal 48.
CRASH TIME equals 0900-1600,
LIGHT CONDITION should not equal
2-6.
CRASH TIME equals 2300-0400,
LIGHT CONDITION should not equal 1,
4, 5, 9.
NOTIFICATION TIME EMS should not
NOTIFICATION TIME EMS is not
8888, 9998 or 9999,
be more than 120 minutes later than
CRASH TIME.
CRASH TIME is blank, case status is flawed.
DEATH TIME should be within 30
DIED AT SCENE/EN ROUTE equals
minutes of the CRASH TIME.
7,

Consistency Checks (FARS Only):

(P520)

2015

THEN

CRASH DATE and DEATH DATE are
the same, and CRASH TIME and
DEATH TIME are the same,

TRANSPORTED TO FIRST MEDICAL
FACILITY BY should equal 0, and DIED
AT SCENE/EN ROUTE should equal 7.

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2015

C10

TRAFFICWAY IDENTIFIER
(FARS Only)

FORMAT: 2 sets, 30 alphanumeric
SAS NAME: Accident.TWAY_ID; Accident.TWAY_ID2
ELEMENT VALUES:

Actual Posted Number, Assigned Number, or Common Name (if no posted or
assigned number) except:
Unknown

Definition: This element captures the identity (name) of the trafficway on which the crash
occurred.
Remarks:
Beginning in 2004, a second trafficway identifier was added to accommodate intersection and
intersection-related crashes where the officer provides the identifier for the second trafficway.
(See diagram below.)

For Non-Junction Crashes:
Code the trafficway identifier from the police report or highway department in the top row.
Leave the bottom row blank.
For Intersection Crashes (Not Within an Interchange Area):
Code the trafficway identifier for the trafficway with the highest function class in the top row.
Code the second trafficway identifier at the intersection, if provided by the police, in the bottom
row. If the vehicles are traveling on different roadways of equal class, assign the crash to the
roadway on which the motor vehicle precipitating the crash is traveling and record this roadway
in the top row.
For Intersection-Related Crashes (Not Within an Interchange Area):
Code the trafficway identifier for the trafficway provided by the police in the top row. This does
not necessarily have to be the highest functional class. In all cases, this will be the trafficway

2015

C10
where the first harmful event occurred or the Unstabilized Situation began. Code the second
trafficway identifier at the intersection, if provided by the police, in the bottom row.
For Intersection Crashes Within an Interchange Area:
If the first harmful event occurs within the intersection of a ramp and the surface roadway:





Code the trafficway identifier provided on the police report or highway log in the top row
(this does not necessarily have to be the highest function class).
Code Route Signing for the trafficway in the top row.
It is important to code the Land Use and Functional System, Ownership and National
Highway System for the highest class of trafficway at this intersection.
Use the bottom row to record the second trafficway identifier provided by the police for
this intersection.

For Intersection-Related Crashes Within an Interchange Area:
Code the trafficway identifier for the trafficway provided by the police in the top row. In many
cases, this will be the trafficway where the first harmful event occurred or the Unstabilized
Situation began. Code the second trafficway identifier at the intersection, if provided by the
police, in the bottom row.
For Ramp Crashes:
If the crash occurs on the ramp or is related to the ramp, include the word “RAMP” and/or the
ramp ID number after the trafficway’s identifier (e.g., I-10 RAMP).
General Guidelines for Coding Trafficway Identifier:
This data is obtained from the State Highway Department, or if same as that used by the State
Highway Department, from the police accident report. Enter all alphabetic characters with
CAPITAL LETTERS. If less than 30 characters, left-justify and do not zero-fill.







Use standard abbreviations for the street name suffix (ex. AVE, BLVD, CT, FWY) (see
FARShelf for full list of USPS street abbreviations).
Do not enter the street address where the crash occurred. For example, 245 Elm St.
would be entered as ELM ST.
Do not enter milepoints here following the trafficway even if provided on the report.
Milepoints are entered in the element Milepoint.
Do not enter a cross street referenced by the investigating officer for a non-junction
crash. For example if the report states, “the crash occurred on Main Street, 0.6 miles
south of Girard Avenue”, Girard Avenue does not go in Trafficway Identifier 2.
Trafficway Identifier 2 is reserved for intersection and intersection-related crashes.
If a trafficway is known to have both a route identifier and a common name record the
route identifier first followed by the common name (Example: State Route 3 is also
Indian Head Highway would be coded as SR-3 Indian Head Hwy).

2015

C10
Obtained from the State Highway Department, or if same as that used by the State Highway
Department, from the police accident report.





If Route Signing is 1 (Interstate), you must enter “I-” in the first two spaces of Trafficway
Identifier.
If Route Signing is 2 (US Highway), you must enter “US-” in the first three spaces of
Trafficway Identifier.
If Route Signing is 3 (State Highway), you must enter “SR-” in the first three spaces of
Trafficway Identifier.
If Route Signing is 4 (County Road), you must enter “CR-” in the first three spaces of
Trafficway Identifier followed by the route number OR name if there is no number.

Immediately after the route designation (I-, US- or SR-), you should enter the corresponding
highway number. For example, Interstate 70 should be coded as “I-70” and US 66 should be
coded as “US-66.” You must use a dash in the highway designation between the capital
letters and the number.
If one trafficway is both, a State Highway and an Interstate Highway, Route Signing must
always be coded “1-Interstate.” You should always try to obtain the route number and
milepoint that correspond to the Route Signing (Interstate).
(a) If the Trafficway Identifier and Milepoint are available for only the State Highway
then code Route Signing as 1 (Interstate), enter “I-” in the first two spaces of Trafficway
Identifier followed by the full State Highway Identifier as normal (including any letters.)
Code the State Highway Milepoint under the element Milepoint.
E.g.; If California business loop (CA215) is also Interstate 15, then code
“I-SR215” or “I-CA215.”
(b) If the Trafficway Identifier and Milepoint are available for both the State Highway and
the Interstate Highway, enter “I-” in the first two spaces of Trafficway Identifier followed
by the Interstate number. You may then also enter the State Highway Identifier
anywhere after the Interstate route number. Code the Interstate Milepoint under the
element Milepoint.
E.g.; “I-15” (SR215) or “I-15” (CA215)
Similarly, if a State Highway is also a US Highway, Route Signing must always be coded “2US Highway.” You should always try to obtain the route number and milepoint that correspond
to the Route Signing (US Highway).
(a) If the Trafficway Identifier and Milepoint are available only for the State Highway,
then code Route Signing as 2 (US Highway), enter “US-” in the first three spaces of
Trafficway Identifier followed by the full State Highway Identifier as normal (including
any letters). Code the State Highway Milepoint under the element Milepoint.
E.g.; If Florida Route 25 is also US Route 27, then code “US-SR25” or “US-FL25.”

2015

C10
(b) If the Trafficway Identifier and Milepoint are available for both the US Highway and
the State Highway, enter “US-” in the first three spaces of Trafficway Identifier followed
by the US route number. You may then also enter the State Highway Identifier
anywhere after the US route number. Code the US Route Milepoint under the element
Milepoint.
E.g.; “US-27” (SR25) or “US-27” (FL25).
Overlapping Roadways of Equal Function Class
For situations where you are presented with a roadway with two equal functional class
identifiers for the same roadway, such as a stretch of roadway that is both US-10 and US-25,
record both trafficways in Trafficway Identifier #1 using the “slash” format. The lower number
trafficway should appear before the slash (e.g., “US-10/25”). This would also apply to
Interstates, State and County roadways with two designations of equal class.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(1F1P)
(340P)
(341P)
(350P)
(351P)
(360P)
(361P)
(362P)
(781P)

RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) does
not equal 02, 03,
ROUTE SIGNING equals 1,
the first position of TRAFFICWAY
IDENTIFIER #1 equals “I” and the
second position equals “-”,
ROUTE SIGNING equals 2,
the first two positions of
TRAFFICWAY IDENTIFIER #1 equals
“US” and third position equals “-”,
ROUTE SIGNING equals 3,
the first two positions of
TRAFFICWAY IDENTIFIER #1 equals
“SR” and third position equals “-”,
ROUTE SIGNING equals 4,

TYPE OF INTERSECTION equals
02-07, 10,
(AC0A) RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals
02, 03,

THEN
the second TRAFFICWAY IDENTIFIER
should be blank.
the first position of TRAFFICWAY
IDENTIFIER #1 must be “I” and the
second position must be “-”.
ROUTE SIGNING must equal 1 or 7.
the first two positions of TRAFFICWAY
IDENTIFIER #1 must be “US” and the
third position must be “-”.
ROUTE SIGNING must equal 2 or 7.
the first two positions of TRAFFICWAY
IDENTIFIER #1 must be “SR” and the
third position must be “-”.
ROUTE SIGNING must equal 3 or 7.
the first two positions of TRAFFIC-WAY
IDENTIFIER #1 must be “CR” and the
third position must be “-”.
TRAFFICWAY IDENTIFIER (b) should
not be blank.
the second TRAFFICWAY IDENTIFIER
should not be all blank.

2015

C11

ROUTE SIGNING
(FARS Only)

FORMAT: 1 numeric
SAS NAME: Accident.ROUTE
ELEMENT VALUES:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Interstate
U.S. Highway
State Highway
County Road
Local Street - Township
Local Street - Municipality
Local Street - Frontage Road
Other
Unknown

Definition: This element identifies the route signing of the trafficway on which the crash
occurred.
Remarks:
Before coding this element, be certain of which trafficway is to be coded. This element is
coded with respect to the trafficway in the top row of Trafficway Identifier. If there is any
question, refer to the remarks section of Trafficway Identifier for a hierarchy for selecting the
appropriate trafficway to be coded.
CODING FRONTAGE ROADS
If the crash occurs on a frontage road which is part of a larger, higher order trafficway (such as
Interstate, U.S. Highway or State Route), use the following guideline to code the highway
elements:



Code Trafficway Identifier and Land Use and Functional System (b) for the 01
(Interstate), 02 (Principal Arterial - Other Freeways and Expressways) or 04 (Minor
Arterial)
Code Route Signing 7 (Local Street - Frontage Road)

Make sure to include the highway designation in Trafficway Identifier when using 7 (Local
Street - Frontage Road). See Trafficway Identifier.
If the Frontage Road is a separate trafficway, code all highway elements for that trafficway.
Frontage Road is not used.

2015

C11
8 (Other) includes ‘Other Limited Access’ and ‘Other Major Artery.’
Federal Highway Administration classification obtainable from the State Highway
Department must be used. No other classification source is acceptable. Refer problems in
obtaining the F.H.W.A. classification to Regional State Assignee.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(260P)

ROUTE SIGNING equals 1,

(320P)

LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
SYSTEM (b) equals 01, and ROUTE
SIGNING does not equal 7,
NATIONAL HIGHWAY SYSTEM
equals 0, 9,
ROUTE SIGNING equals 1,

(330P)
(340P)
(341P)
(350P)
(351P)
(360P)
(361P)

the first position of TRAFFICWAY
IDENTIFIER #1 equals “I” and the
second position equals “-”,
ROUTE SIGNING equals 2,
the first two positions of
TRAFFICWAY IDENTIFIER #1 equals
“US” and third position equals “-”,
ROUTE SIGNING equals 3,

(362P)

the first two positions of
TRAFFICWAY IDENTIFIER #1 equals
“SR” and third position equals “-”,
ROUTE SIGNING equals 4,

(A280)

ROUTE SIGNING equals 1,

(A290)

ROUTE SIGNING equals 1, and
RELATION TO JUNCTION (a) equals
0,
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals
07,

(A291)

THEN
NATIONAL HIGHWAY SYSTEM must
equal 1.
NATIONAL HIGHWAY SYSTEM must
equal 1.
ROUTE SIGNING must not equal 1.
the first position of TRAFFICWAY
IDENTIFIER #1 must be “I” and the
second position must be “-”.
ROUTE SIGNING must equal 1 or 7.
the first two positions of TRAFFICWAY
IDENTIFIER #1 must be “US” and the
third position must be “-”.
ROUTE SIGNING must equal 2 or 7.
the first two positions of TRAFFICWAY
IDENTIFIER #1 must be “SR” and the
third position must be “-”.
ROUTE SIGNING must equal 3 or 7.
the first two positions of TRAFFIC-WAY
IDENTIFIER #1 must be “CR” and the
third position must be “-”.
SPECIAL JURISDICTION should not
equal 1-5, 8, 9.
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) should
not equal 02-04, 06, 08, 16.
ROUTE SIGNING should not equal 5, 6.

2015

C11
IF
(A300)

ROUTE SIGNING equals 1,

(A310)

(A330)

ROUTE SIGNING equals 1, and
RELATION TO JUNCTION (a) equals
0,
ROUTE SIGNING equals 1, and
RELATION TO JUNCTION (a) equals
0,
ROUTE SIGNING equals 1, 2,

(A350)

ROUTE SIGNING equals 1,

(A360)

RELATION TO JUNCTION(b) equals
07,
SPEED LIMIT is greater than 65 for
every vehicle,
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 46,
and RELATION TO JUNCTION (a)
equals 1, and RELATION TO
JUNCTION (b) does not equal 02, 03,
05,
ROUTE SIGNING equals 7,

(A320)

(A700)
(A820)

(A840)
(A850)
(A882)
(A920)

2015

LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
SYSTEM (b) equals 02, and ROUTE
SIGNING equals 2,
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals
07,
NATIONAL HIGHWAY SYSTEM
equals 0, 9,

THEN
TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION should
equal 2, 3, 6 for at least one vehicle.
TOTAL LANES IN ROADWAY should
not equal 1 for any vehicle.
SPEED LIMIT should not equal 05-40 for
any vehicle.
ROADWAY SURFACE TYPE should
equal 1, 2, 8 for at least one vehicle.
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT should not
equal 10.
ROUTE SIGNING should not equal 4.
ROUTE SIGNING should equal 1-4.
ROUTE SIGNING should not equal 1.

LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
SYSTEM (b) should equal 01-03.
NATIONAL HIGHWAY SYSTEM should
equal 1.
ROUTE SIGNING should not equal 1.
LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
SYSTEM (b) should not equal 02, and
ROUTE SIGNING should not equal 2.

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2015

C12

LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM
(FARS Only)

FORMAT: 1 numeric occurring 1 time, 2 numeric occurring 1 time
SAS NAME: RUR_URB; FUNC_SYS
ELEMENT VALUES:
1
2
6
8
9

C12a: Land Use
Rural
Urban
Trafficway Not in State Inventory
Not Reported
Unknown

01
02
03
04
05
06
07
96
98
99

C12b: Functional System
Interstate
Principal Arterial – Other Freeways and Expressways
Principal Arterial – Other
Minor Arterial
Major Collector
Minor Collector
Local
Trafficway Not in State Inventory
Not Reported
Unknown

Definition (Land Use): The classification of the segment of the trafficway on which the
crash occurred based on FHWA-approved adjusted Census boundaries of small urban
and urbanized areas.
Definition (Functional System): This element identifies the functional classification of
the segment of the trafficway on which the crash occurred.
Remarks:
Before coding this element, be certain of which trafficway is to be coded. This element
is coded with respect to the trafficway selected in NATIONAL HIGHWAY SYSTEM,
OWNERSHIP, ROUTE SIGNING and in the top row of TRAFFICWAY IDENTIFIER. The
exception would be an intersection accident in an interchange. Please see the remarks
below and in TRAFFICWAY IDENTIFIER for a hierarchy for selecting the appropriate
trafficway to be coded.

2015

C12
Code the value that represents the FHWA approved Land Use and Functional System.
Federal Highway Administration classification obtainable from the State Highway
Department must be used.
No other classification source is acceptable. Refer problems in obtaining the F.H.W.A.
classification to the state DOT planning office.
Land Use:
6 (Trafficway Not in State Inventory) is used when a qualifying motor vehicle traffic
accident occurs on a trafficway that is not included in the state higway inventory.
Examples include accidents that occur on parking lot ways or other privately owned
landways open to the public for transportation.
8 (Not Reported) is used when the crash occurred on a reportable trafficway but the
information to record LAND USE is missing or unavailable.
9 (Unknown) is used when the crash occurred on a reportable trafficway, but it is
unknown if the crash location is within the boundaries of an urban area. If LAND USE is
unknown, FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM, OWNERSHIP and NATIONAL HIGHWAY SYSTEM can
still be coded with known values. For example, it may be known that the crash occurred
somewhere along on an interstate. Thus the trafficway is owned by the state and is part
of the NHS. However, it may not be known if the location was within urban boundaries
or not.
Functional System:
96 (Trafficway Not in State Inventory) is used when a qualifying motor vehicle traffic
accident occurs on a trafficway that is not included in the state higway inventory.
Examples include accidents that occur on parking lot ways or other privately owned
landways open to the public for transportation.
98 (Not Reported) is used when the crash occurred on a reportable trafficway but the
information to record FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM is missing or unavailable.
99 (Unknown) is used when the crash occurred on a reportable trafficway, but the
functional classification of the segment of the trafficway on which the crash occurred
can’t be determined or the applicable segment can’t be determined. If FUNCTIONAL
SYSTEM is unknown, LAND USE, OWNERSHIP and NATIONAL HIGHWAY SYSTEM can
still be coded with a known value. For example, it may be known that the crash
occurred within or outside urban boundaries (LAND USE). However, the trafficway may
change classification along its length and the segment of the trafficway on which the
crash occurred may not be known.

2015

C12
NON-JUNCTION CRASHES
Assign the crash to the trafficway on which the first harmful event occurred. If the first
harmful event occurred on private property, assign the crash to the trafficway on which
the vehicle was traveling when the Unstabilized Situation began.
INTERSECTION CRASHES (Not Within an Interchange)
In an at-intersection crash, assign the crash to the highest function class of trafficway
at the intersection.
If the vehicles are traveling on different roadways of equal class, assign the crash to the
roadway on which the motor vehicle precipitating the crash is traveling.
INTERSECTION CRASHES (Within an Interchange)
Interchange crashes that occur in an intersection of a ramp that connects a higher and
a lower class trafficway should be assigned to the highest-class trafficway. For
example: vehicle #1 strikes vehicle #2 in the intersection of the I-270 ramp and US-10.
Code FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM as 01 (Interstate).
Ramps are part of the highest class of trafficway to which they connect. Therefore, if a
crash occurs on a ramp, including in the merge/diverge lanes, and it is not an
Intersection crash, it is assigned to the highest class of trafficway to which the ramp
connects. Example: vehicle #1 overturns on the ramp of I-270 and US-10. Code
FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM 01 (Interstate). This includes intersection-related and
entrance/exit ramp related crashes for RELATION TO JUNCTION.
OTHER CRASHES (Within an Interchange)
For other crashes that occur within an interchange, other than intersection crashes,
code Functional System for the trafficway on which the vehicles were traveling.
Example, vehicle #1 strikes vehicle #2 on US-10 bridge within the I-270 interchange (not
in the intersection of any ramp, or on any ramp). Code FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM for US-10
and not I-270.
QUESTIONABLE CASES
In any questionable case, the higher function class takes precedence.

2015

C12
Consistency Checks:
IF
(1T0P)

(300P)
(320P)
(A110)
(A11A)
(A12A)
(A13A)
(A14A)
(A15A)

(A150)

(A160)
(A170)
(A180)
(A190)
(A200)

THEN

SPEED LIMIT for every vehicle is
LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
greater than 55, and not equal to 98 or SYSTEM (a) should not equal 2 or 6,
99,
and LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
SYSTEM (b) should not equal 06, 07,
or 96.
NATIONAL HIGHWAY SYSTEM
LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
equals 0, 9,
SYSTEM (b) must not equal 01.
NATIONAL HIGHWAY SYSTEM must
LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
SYSTEM (b) equals 01, and ROUTE
equal 1.
SIGNING does not equal 7,
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 10, LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
SYSTEM (b) should not equal 01-03.
FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM (b) equals
OWNERSHIP must equal 01 or 31.
01,
either FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM (b) or both must equal 96.
OWNERSHIP equals 96,
LAND USE (a) equals 6,
FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM (b) must equal
96.
FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM (b) equals
LAND USE a must equal 6.
96,
FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM (b) equals
LAND USE (a) should equal 9,
99,
OWNERSHIP should equal 99, and
NATIONAL HIGHWAY SYSTEM
should equal 9.
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) should
LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
SYSTEM (b) equals 01, 02, and
not equal 02-04, 06, 08.
RELATION TO JUNCTION (a) equals
0,
ROADWAY SURFACE TYPE should
LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
equal 1, 2, 8 or 9 for at least one vehicle.
SYSTEM (b) equals 01-06,
ROADWAY SURFACE TYPE equals
LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
3-5 for every vehicle,
SYSTEM (b) should not equal 01-06.
SPECIAL JURISDICTION should not
LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
equal 1-5, 8, 9.
SYSTEM (b) equals 01,
SPECIAL JURISDICTION should not
LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
equal 4.
SYSTEM (b) equals 02,
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
07,
SYSTEM (b) should not equal 06, 07
or 96.

2015

C12
IF
(A210)

(A220)

(A230)
(A240)

(A250)

(A720)
(A810)

(A840)
(A850)
(A860)
(A883)
(A900)
(A910)
(A920)

2015

LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
SYSTEM (b) equals 01, 02, and
RELATION TO JUNCTION (a) equals
0,
LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
SYSTEM (b) equals 01, 02, and
RELATION TO JUNCTION (a) equals
0,
SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals 10,
LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
SYSTEM (b) equals 01, and
RELATION TO JUNCTION (a) equals
0,
LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
SYSTEM (b) equals 01-03, and
RELATION TO JUNCTION (a) equals
1, and RELATION TO JUNCTION (b)
does not equal 03, 05, 20,
LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
SYSTEM (b) equals 01, 02,
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 46,
and RELATION TO JUNCTION (a)
equals 1, and RELATION TO
JUNCTION (b) does not equal 02, 03,
05,
ROUTE SIGNING equals 7,
LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
SYSTEM (b) equals 02, and ROUTE
SIGNING equals 2,
NATIONAL HIGHWAY SYSTEM
equals 1,
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals
07,
SPEED LIMIT equals 60, 65 for every
vehicle,
LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
SYSTEM (b) equals 04-07 or 96,
NATIONAL HIGHWAY SYSTEM
equals 0, 9,

THEN
TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE should
not equal 01-04, 07, 20, 23, 40, 50, 65.
SPEED LIMIT should not equal 05-40 for
any vehicle.
LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
SYSTEM (b) should not equal 01-03.
TRAVEL SPEED should not equal
005-040 for any vehicle.
TOTAL LANES IN ROADWAY should
not equal 1 for the vehicles involved in
the first harmful event.
TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION should
equal 2, 3, 6 for at least one vehicle.
LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
SYSTEM (b) should not equal 01.

LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
SYSTEM (b) should equal 01-03.
NATIONAL HIGHWAY SYSTEM should
equal 1.
LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
SYSTEM (b) should equal 01-03.
LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
SYSTEM (b) should not equal 01.
LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
SYSTEM (b) should not equal 04-07 or
96 .
NATIONAL HIGHWAY SYSTEM should
equal 0, 9.
LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
SYSTEM (b) should not equal 02, and
ROUTE SIGNING should not equal 2.

C12
IF
(U684)
(U685)
(U686)

THEN

UNLIKELY LAND USE (a) equals 8.
UNLIKELY FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM (b) equals 98.
UNLIKELY LAND USE and FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM (a/b) equals 9, 99.

2015

C13

OWNERSHIP
(FARS Only)

FORMAT: 2 numeric
SAS NAME: RD_OWNER
ELEMENT VALUES:
01
02
03
04
11
12
21
25
26
27
31
32
40
50
60
62
63
64
66
67
68
69
70
72
74
80
96
98
99

State Highway Agency
County Highway Agency
Town or Township Highway Agency
City or Municipal Highway Agency
State Park, Forest or Reservation Agency
Local Park, Forest or Reservation Agency
Other State Agency
Other Local Agency
Private (other than Railroad)
Railroad
State Toll Road
Local Toll Authority
Other Public Instrumentality (i.e., Airport)
Indian Tribe Nation
Other Federal Agency
Bureau of Indian Affairs
Bureau of Fish and Wildlife
U.S. Forest Service
National Park Service
Tennessee Valley Authority
Bureau of Land Management
Bureau of Reclamation
Corps of Engineers
Air Force
Navy/Marines
Army
Trafficway Not in State Inventory
Not Reported
Unknown

Definition: This element identifies the entity that has legal ownership of the segment of
the trafficway on which the crash occurred.

2015

C13
Remarks:
Before coding this element, be certain of which trafficway is to be coded. This element
is coded with respect to the trafficway selected in NATIONAL HIGHWAY SYSTEM,
LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM, ROUTE SIGNING and in the top row of
TRAFFICWAY IDENTIFIER. The exception would be an intersection accident in an
interchange. Please see the remarks section of TRAFFICWAY IDENTIFIER for a
hierarchy for selecting the appropriate trafficway to be coded.
Code the level of government that best represents the highway owner irrespective of
whether agreements exist for maintenance or other purposes.






"State" means owned by one of the 50 States, the District of Columbia, or the
Commonwealth of Puerto Rico including quasi-official State commissions or
organizations;
"County, local, municipal, town, or township" means owned by one of the
officially recognized governments established under State authority;
"Federal" means owned by one of the branches of the U.S. Government or
independent establishments, government corporations, quasi-official agencies,
organizations, or instrumentalities;
"Other" means any other group not already described above or nongovernmental
organizations with the authority to build, operate, or maintain toll or free highway
facilities.
Only private roads that are open to public travel (e.g., toll bridges) are to be
reported in HPMS.

96 (Trafficway Not in State Inventory) is used when a qualifying motor vehicle traffic
accident occurs on a trafficway that is not included in the state higway inventory.
Examples include accidents that occur on parking lot ways or other privately owned
landways open to the public for transportation.
98 (Not Reported) is used when the crash occurred on a reportable trafficway but the
information to record Ownership is missing or unavailable.
99 (Unknown) is used when the crash occurred on a reportable trafficway, but it can’t be
determined which entity has legal ownership of the segment of the trafficway on which
the crash occurred or the applicable segment can’t be determined. If OWNERSHIP is
unknown, LAND USE and FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM and NATIONAL HIGHWAY SYSTEM
can still be coded with known values. For example, it may be known that the crash
occurred in an urban area on a minor collector that is not part of the NHS. However, the
location detail may not be sufficient to determine ownership (e.g., 03 (Town or
Township Highway Agency) or 04 (City or Municipal Highway Agency)).
Federal Highway Administration classification obtainable from the State Highway
Department must be used.

2015

C13
No other classification source is acceptable. Refer problems in obtaining the F.H.W.A.
classification to the state DOT planning office.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(A11A) FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM (b) equals
01,
(A12A) either FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM (b) or
OWNERSHIP equals 96,
(A15A) FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM (b) equals
99,

2015

THEN
OWNERSHIP must equal 01 or 31.
both must equal 96.
LAND USE (a) should equal 9,
OWNERSHIP should equal 99, and
NATIONAL HIGHWAY SYSTEM
should equal 9.

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2015

C14

NATIONAL HIGHWAY SYSTEM
(FARS Only)

FORMAT: 1 numeric
SAS NAME: Accident.NHS
ELEMENT VALUES:
0
1
9

This section IS NOT on the NHS
This section IS ON the NHS
Unknown if this section is on the NHS

Definition: This element identifies whether or not this crash occurred on a trafficway that is
part of the National Highway System.
Remarks:
The National Highway System includes the Interstate System, and consists of principal arterial
system routes and some Strategic Highway Network connectors functionally classified below
principal arterial.
Federal Highway Administration classification obtainable from the State Highway Department
must be used. No other classification source is acceptable. Refer problems in obtaining the
F.H.W.A. classification to Regional State Assignee.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(260P)
(300P)

ROUTE SIGNING equals 1,

NATIONAL HIGHWAY SYSTEM
equals 0, 9,
(320P) LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
SYSTEM (b) equals 01, and ROUTE
SIGNING does not equal 7,
(330P) NATIONAL HIGHWAY SYSTEM
equals 0, 9,
(A15A) FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM (b) equals
99,

2015

THEN
NATIONAL HIGHWAY SYSTEM must
equal 1.
LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
SYSTEM (b) must not equal 01.
NATIONAL HIGHWAY SYSTEM must
equal 1.
ROUTE SIGNING must not equal 1.
LAND USE (a) should equal 9,
OWNERSHIP should equal 99, and
NATIONAL HIGHWAY SYSTEM
should equal 9.

C14
IF
(A850)
(A860)
(A910)
(A920)

THEN

LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
SYSTEM (b) equals 02, and ROUTE
SIGNING equals 2,
NATIONAL HIGHWAY SYSTEM
equals 1,

NATIONAL HIGHWAY SYSTEM should
equal 1.

LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
SYSTEM (b) equals 04-07 or 96,
NATIONAL HIGHWAY SYSTEM
equals 0, 9,

NATIONAL HIGHWAY SYSTEM should
equal 0, 9.
LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
SYSTEM (b) should not equal 02, and
ROUTE SIGNING should not equal 2.

LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
SYSTEM (b) should equal 01-03.

2015

C15

SPECIAL JURISDICTION
(FARS Only)

FORMAT: 1 numeric
SAS NAME: Accident.SP_JUR
ELEMENT VALUES:
0
1
2
3
4
5
8
9

No Special Jurisdiction
National Park Service
Military
Indian Reservation
College/University Campus*
Other Federal Properties*
Other
Unknown

Definition: This element identifies if the location on the trafficway where the crash occurred
qualifies as a Special Jurisdiction even though it may be patrolled by state, county or local
police (e.g., all State highways running through Indian reservations are under the jurisdiction of
the Indian reservation).
Remarks:
Road must be under the regulation of Special Jurisdiction, although it may be patrolled by
state, county or local police forces.
There is a difference between a National Park and National Forest. Only areas described as
National Parks should be 1 (National Park Service). State parks should be coded as 8
(Other) and National Forests should be coded as 0 (No Special Jurisdiction).
State highways running through Indian Reservations must be coded as 3 (Indian
Reservation).
* These values are unlikely occurrences and will raise an error flag.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(A180)
(A190)

2015

LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
SYSTEM (b) equals 01,
LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
SYSTEM (b) equals 02,

THEN
SPECIAL JURISDICTION should not
equal 1-5, 8, 9.
SPECIAL JURISDICTION should not
equal 4.
61

C15
IF
(A280)
(U010)

THEN

ROUTE SIGNING equals 1,

SPECIAL JURISDICTION should not
equal 1-5, 8, 9.
UNLIKELY: SPECIAL JURISDICTION equals 4, 5.

2015

C16

MILEPOINT
(FARS Only)

FORMAT: 5 numeric
SAS NAME: Accident.MILEPT
ELEMENT VALUES:
0000.0 None
Actual to Nearest Tenth Mile
9999.8 Not Reported
9999.9 Unknown
Definition: This element identifies the milepoint nearest to the location where the crash
occurred.
Remarks:
Refer to the remarks section under LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM for the hierarchy
of selecting the trafficway to be coded.
Code the MILEPOINT for the respective TRAFFICWAY IDENTIFIER.
Obtained from the Police Accident Report (PAR) or from the State Highway Department. Code
the actual Milepoint to the nearest .1 mile with decimal. Right justify if less than 5 digits. For
example, if Milepoint is 10, you must code “0010.0.”
9999.8 (Not Reported)
If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable,
then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”.
Code 9999.8 (Not Reported) in these two situations:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the information
to code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials)
2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case
materials).

2015

THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

2015

C17

GLOBAL POSITION
(FARS ONLY)
FORMAT: 8 numeric, 9 numeric
SAS NAME: Accident.Latitude/Accident.Longitud
ELEMENT VALUES:

7s
8s
9s

Latitude (dd.mm.ss.ss) (degrees/minutes/seconds)
Longitude (ddd.mm.ss.ss) (degrees/minutes/seconds)
Not Reported
Not Available
Unknown

Definition: This element identifies the location of the crash using Global Position coordinates.
Remarks:
“Global Position” refers to the geographic location of the crash. It is expressed in Degrees,
Minutes and Seconds of Latitude; and Degrees, Minutes and Seconds of Longitude:
Latitude: dd mm ss.ss (Degrees/Minutes/Seconds)
Longitude: ddd mm ss.ss (Degrees/Minutes/Seconds)
In some instances your source documents may display Longitude as a negative (-) number.
You may disregard the minus (-) sign.
Right-Justify Degrees and Minutes:
Note that Longitude Degrees can be up to three digits. Code Degrees less than three digits in
the right-most positions and “0’s” to the left. Code Latitude or Longitude Minutes less than
two digits in the right-most position with “0’s” to the left. Examples: Longitude “77 degrees – 7
minutes - no seconds” is coded 077 07 00.00; Longitude “80 degrees - no minutes - no
seconds” is coded 080 00 00.00; Latitude “30 degrees - one minute - 30 seconds” is coded 30
01 30.00.
Latitude and Longitude Seconds:
Code the value of Latitude or Longitude Seconds to two significant places after the decimal.
If the Latitude or Longitude Seconds precision is less than two decimal positions, enter “0’s”
in the right-most positions of Seconds. Always right-justify any data before the decimal point
with added “0’s” to the left (e.g., 5.1 seconds is 05.10 with no spaces before the decimal point).
7s (Not Reported)
If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable,
then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”.
2015

C17
Code 7s (Not Reported) in these two situations:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the information
to code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials)
2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case
materials).
9s (Unknown) is selected if the investigating officer reported that the global position of the
crash was not known.
FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION:
The state Police Accident Report (PAR) may include the geographic location in a format
compatible with this element, or the State Highway Department may be able to provide it from
a state Geographic Information System (GIS) or Global Positioning System (GPS).
A Geo-locator tool is available on the FARS microcomputer to assist generating latitude and
longitude when they are not available through state sources.
If data is unknown, code all “9’s.” For example, if you are in a state that does record
geographic location coordinates, but you don’t have those coordinates, and the Geo-locator
tool cannot provide the coordinates, the data is unknown.
Code the complete valid Latitude and Longitude, if available, if not blank and if not unknown.
You must code valid Latitude or Longitude minutes and seconds when coding a valid value
for Latitude or Longitude degrees. (For example: Latitude - 38 99 99.99 is invalid.)
GES SPECIAL INSTRUCTION:
This data element is only coded if it is present on the PAR and in Lat/Long format, otherwise
code as Not Reported.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(G01P)

STATE is ____ and GLOBAL
POSITION - LATITUDE (degrees) is
not equal to 77, 88, 99,

(G02P)

STATE is ____, and GLOBAL
POSITION - LATITUDE (degrees)
equals ( 1d ),

THEN
LATITUDE (degrees) must be equal to,
or greater than ( 1d ), and LATITUDE
(degrees) must not be greater than
( 2d ).
LATITUDE (minutes) must be equal to,
or greater than ( 1s ).

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IF
(G03P)
(G04P)

STATE is ____, and GLOBAL
POSITION - LATITUDE (degrees)
equals ( 2d ),
STATE is ____ and GLOBAL
POSITION - LONGITUDE (degrees) is
not equal to 777, 888, 999,

STATE is ____, and GLOBAL
POSITION - LONGITUDE
(degrees) equals ( 3d ),
(G06P) STATE is ____, and GLOBAL
POSITION - LONGITUDE (degrees)
equals ( 4d ),
(G07P) any part of GLOBAL POSITION LATITUDE (degrees, minutes or
seconds) is all 8’s,
(G08P) any part of GLOBAL POSITION LONGITUDE (degrees, minutes or
seconds) is all 8’s,
(G09P) any part of GLOBAL POSITION LATITUDE (degrees, minutes or
seconds) is all 9’s,
(G10P) any part of GLOBAL POSITION LONGITUDE (degrees, minutes or
seconds) is all 9’s,
(G11P) any part of GLOBAL POSITION LATITUDE (degrees, minutes or
seconds) is blank,
(G12P) any part of GLOBAL POSITION LONGITUDE (degrees, minutes or
seconds) is blank,
(G0AP) any part of GLOBAL POSITION LONGITUDE (degrees, minutes or
seconds) is all 7’s,
(G0BP) any part of GLOBAL POSITION LATITUDE (degrees, minutes or
seconds) is all 7’s,
(G05P)

2015

THEN
LATITUDE (minutes) must not be
greater than ( 2s ).
LONGITUDE (degrees) must be equal
to, or greater than ( 3d ), and
LONGITUDE (degrees) must not be
greater than ( 4d ).
LONGITUDE (minutes) must be equal
to, or greater than ( 3s ).
LONGITUDE (minutes) must not be
greater than ( 4s ).
all parts of LATITUDE must be all 8’s.
all parts of LONGITUDE must be all 8’s.
all parts of LATITUDE must be all 9’s.
all parts of LONGITUDE must be all 9’s.
all parts of LATITUDE must be blank.
all parts of LONGITUDE must be blank.
all parts of LONGITUDE must be all 7’s.
all parts of LATITUDE must be all
7’s.

THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

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CRASH EVENTS
FORMAT: (Completed in MDE)
SAS NAME: (See Below)
Remarks:
The Crash Events table records in chronological sequence, the set of events resulting from an
unstabilized situation that constitutes a motor vehicle traffic crash. The “crash” is concluded in
time when all events which originate from the unstabilized situation are stabilized. The Crash
Events table is designed to provide a coded description of all qualifying events which occurred
in the crash.
With this coded chronological sequence of qualified crash events, traffic safety analysts can
review the entire series of events involving in-transport motor vehicles. Various areas of
concern to the highway safety community can be easily assessed using this data. For
instance, the injury severity in crashes can be assessed relative to the number and type of
impacts involved. Likewise, certain collision configurations that may create a greater
hazardous condition for the occupants can be identified. Other possible areas of analysis
would be the mix of vehicles sizes or the types of objects the different classes of vehicles
impact.
To complete the Crash Events table, each event for each vehicle is recorded in the order in
which they occur, time-wise, based on the description of the crash from the crash report
narrative, diagram or other relevant case materials. Crash Events includes both harmful and
non-harmful events that occur in the crash. Recording of Crash Events ends at the last
harmful event of the entire crash. Therefore, a non-harmful event (e.g., Crossing the
Centerline) that occurs following the last harmful event of the crash will not be included.
The Crash Events table is completed based on the actions of the in-transport motor vehicle(s)
in the case. Consequently, other involved traffic units (parked motor vehicle, pedestrian, etc.)
are only identified in the events for the in-transport motor vehicle that contacted it. If the crash
report includes an event that involves only not in-transport motor vehicles and/or nonmotorists, that specific event is not entered as an event in the coded crash sequence.
Examples Include:
 Not in-transport vehicle impacts pedestrian, other not in-transport vehicle, or fixed object
 Pedestrian or pedalcyclist impacts an object, a not in-transport vehicle, other nonmotorist
*Note: Data recorded in the Crash Events table is used to derive the following data
elements:
1. First Harmful Event (FHE) – the first injury or damage producing event in each crash.
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2. Areas of Impact / Initial (AOI/Initial) – the first Areas of Impact value for each vehicle
3. Sequence of Events (SOE) – all events (harmful and non-harmful) associated with each
in-transport motor vehicle in the table.
For items identified in a “damaged property” section on the report, include all items
listed associated with the applicable vehicle in the best order that can be determined. If
the actual order cannot be determined, use the listed order of items. In a multi-vehicle
crash, if it cannot be determined which vehicle is associated with the damaged property
listed; assign these items to the vehicle most likely to be associated with this property.
If this cannot be established, omit these events.
C18 Table Columns
Vehicle
Number
(This Vehicle)

Areas of
Impact
(This Vehicle)

Sequence of
Events (SOE)

Vehicle
Areas of
Number (Other Impact (Other
Vehicle)
Vehicle)

EVENT NUMBER
FORMAT: (Completed in MDE)
SAS NAME: Cevent.EVENTNUM; Vevent.EVENTNUM
ELEMENT VALUES:
001-999

Actual Number

Remarks:
This is a computer assigned number beginning with ‘001.’ The event number(s) show the
chronological sequence of the qualifying harmful and non-harmful events in the crash.
Qualifying events are those which involve an in-transport motor vehicle or an object set-inmotion by an in-transport motor vehicle.
In the MDE system this will be the row position and not displayed as a column in the entry
table.

VEHICLE NUMBER (THIS VEHICLE)
FORMAT: (Completed in MDE)
SAS NAME: Cevent.VNUMBER1; Vevent.VNUMBER1

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ELEMENT VALUES:
001-999

Actual Number

Remarks:
Enter the number of the in-transport motor vehicle associated with the event in the Sequence
of Events column of the Crash Events Table. Vehicles are assigned the PAR’s vehicle number
unless a vehicle number from the PAR is not used in the case (e.g., non-contact vehicle).

AREAS OF IMPACT (THIS VEHICLE)
FORMAT: (Completed in MDE)
SAS NAME: Cevent.AOI1; Vevent.AOI1
ELEMENT VALUES:*
00
01-12
13
14
61
62
63
81
82
83
18
19
98
99

Non-Collision
Clock Points
Top
Undercarriage
Left
Left-Front Side
Left-Back Side
Right
Right-Front Side
Right-Back Side
Cargo/Vehicle Parts Set-In-Motion
Other Objects Set-In-Motion
Not Reported
Unknown

Remarks:
Identifies the contact point (if applicable) for the vehicle coded in Vehicle Number (This
Vehicle) associated with this event. If the event is a Collision event, code the value that
identifies the impact area or indicates this vehicle set an object in motion. If the event is a
Non-Collision event, use the attribute Non-Collision. If the event is a Non-Harmful event, then
skip entry of an Areas of Impact (This Vehicle) value for that event.
This field uses the same values as the Vehicle Level data element Areas of Impact – Initial
Contact Point. The Vehicle Level data element Areas of Impact - Initial Contact Point is derived
from the Crash Events Table and will always be the first recorded areas of impact value for
each vehicle in the table.
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Areas of Impact-Initial Contact Point Element Values Diagram

00 (Non Collision [Initial Contact Point])
If the first harmful event involving this vehicle in the Crash Events Table is a non-collision
event then Initial Contact Point will be 00 (Non-Collision).
“01-12” refer to the points on a clock. The sides of the vehicle are divided into 5 equal
segments, 01 through 05 for the right side and 07 through 11 for the left side. The front (12),
back (06), top (13) and undercarriage (14) complete the outside surfaces of the vehicle. Use
the diagrams at the end of the element for examples of how the 5 equal side segments are
created on several vehicle types.
As procedure, start by looking for one of the “clock” values 01-12 or specific situation values
00, 13, 14, 18. If sufficient detail is not available to choose one of these values, move out to
the next set of values to try to identify the appropriate codes (i.e., 62-63, 82-83, then 61, 81).
Lastly, for missing information pertaining to known harmful events, a 98 (Not Reported)
attribute is available.
61-63 and 81-83:
Codes, 62-63 and 82-83 are used when there is not sufficient detail available in the case
materials to identify a more specific area of impact , 01-05 and 07-11, but one of the quadrants
can be identified (i.e., 62 (Left-Front Side) , 63 (Left-Back Side), 82 (Right-Front Side) or 83
(Right-Back Side)). Also use these attributes if the case materials indicate that the damage
area is “between” or overlapping two known clock points. (e.g., if the damage area is midway
between or overlapping clock points 10 and 11, use 62 (Left-Front Side)).

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Codes 61 and 81 are used when there is not sufficient detail available in the case materials to
identify a more specific area of impact, 62-63 or 82-83, but one of the sides can be identified
(i.e., 61 (Left) or 81 (Right)).
Guideline for Resolving Ambiguous Information
If the language in the narrative is ambiguous AND the diagram or other case information don’t
provide resolution, use the area indicated first in the narrative wording to select the Area of
Impact to code. See examples table below.
Description
Front, left
Left, front
Front, corner
Right, rear
Back, right side

Coding
12
62
12
83
06

It is important to note that area of impact refers mainly to the area of the vehicle that sustained
the damage and does not depend upon the attitude of the vehicle (e.g., damage to a grille is
still damage at 12 o-clock even if it was caused by sliding sideways past a utility pole).
However, 13 (Top) may raise questions. The front and rear windows of some vehicles may
also be viewed from the top. It may also be difficult to code impacts to the hood and rear deck
of a vehicle.
With 13 (Top) the direction of force sometimes has to be considered. The following are
guidelines for using 13 (Top).
1. If the area was damaged by an impact that was received horizontally to an upright
vehicle, use one of the codes “01 to 12, 61-63, 81-83.”
2. If the area was damaged by an impact that was received from a vertical direction above
the upright vehicle, use 13 (Top).
3. If the impact was received or direction of force was at an angle of less than 15 degrees
above the horizontal, it is considered horizontal.
4. With a vehicle in other than upright attitudes, remember, it is the area of the vehicle
which was damaged that is important.
14 (Undercarriage) refers to non-horizontal impacts to the undercarriage or swiping or
snagging of undercarriage components (axles, exhaust system, etc.). Tire/Wheel
impacts are coded to the AREA OF IMPACT (01-12, 61-63, 81-83).
Special Instructions Involving Motorcycles:
For cases involving a motorcycle where the area of initial contact is described as “front
tire/wheel” or “front end” code as 12 (Front) or “rear tire/wheel” or “rear end” code as 06
(Back) if the impact was received on a horizontal plane.
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If the only event for a vehicle is a non-collision event, the Area of Impact - Initial is coded 00
(Non-Collision). If following a non-collision event, a vehicle has a collision event; Area of
Impact, Initial Contact Point is still coded 00 (Non-Collision).
Hitting the ground during a non-collision crash is not considered an “impact” for this subfield.
Set-In-Motion Attributes:
“Loads” of a vehicle includes persons or property upon or set-in-motion by the vehicle, persons
boarding or alighting from the vehicle, and persons or property attached to and in position to
move with the vehicle. A vehicle that propels part of its load or has set something in motion;
striking another vehicle, person or property causing injury or damage; may not have a normal
impact point; only the load has made contact with the person or other property. However, a
value must be coded. A load or object should not receive a Sequence of Events 63 (Ran Off
Roadway-Right ), 64 (Ran Off Roadway-Left), 65 (Cross Median), 68 (Cross Centerline)
or 69 (Re-entering Roadway) because these events apply to the vehicle itself and not to the
load or object that was propelled.
18 (Cargo/Vehicle Parts Set-In-Motion) is selected when the harmful event involves an
impact between a fixed/non-fixed object or vehicle and cargo or parts from an in-transport
motor vehicle which are set-in-motion. That is, use this code when the object set-in-motion is
cargo (e.g., mattress, logs, tools, unsecured objects on the in-transport motor vehicle) or a part
of an in-transport motor vehicle (e.g., hubcap or mirror).
Examples:




Vehicle 1 (log truck) swerves to avoid a braking vehicle (Vehicle 2). A log becomes
dislodged from Vehicle 1 and lands on Vehicle 2’s top.
Vehicle 1 Area of Impact, Initial Contact Point would be coded as 18 (Cargo/Vehicle
Parts Set-In-Motion).
Vehicle 2 Area of Impact, Initial Contact Point would be coded as 13 (Top).

19 (Other Objects Set-In-Motion) is used when the harmful event involves an object
set-in-motion by an in-transport motor vehicle which is NOT cargo or part of the in-transport
motor vehicle (e.g., kicked-up stone, motorcycle rider, parked vehicle, stop sign) or it is
UNKNOWN whether the object was the cargo or a part of an in-transport motor vehicle.
Examples:




Vehicle 1 kicks up a stone which impacts Vehicle 2's windshield.
Vehicle 1 Area of Impact, Initial Contact Point would be coded as 19 (Other Objects
Set-In-Motion).
Vehicle 2 Area of Impact, Initial Contact Point would be coded as 12 (Front).

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98 (Not Reported)
If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable,
then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”.
Code 98 (Not Reported) in these two situations:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the information to
code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials)
2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case materials).
Areas of Impact - Initial Contact Point Examples of Not Reported:



The case materials lack the detail to identify the initial contact point at all (e.g., narrative
only states the vehicle departed the roadway and impacted a tree).
The case materials lack the detail to identify the initial contact point among a number of
possible choices for the first harmful event for the vehicle (e.g., crash report field
indicates front and right side damage from separate impacts and does not clarify which
area is associated with the initial impact).

99 (Unknown) is used if the investigating officer reported that the Initial Contact Point was
unknown.

SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
FORMAT: (Completed in MDE)
SAS NAME: Cevent.SOE; Vevent.SOE
ELEMENT VALUES:
Non-Harmful Events:
61
Equipment Failure (blown tire, brake failure, etc.)
62
Separation of Units
63
Ran Off Roadway-Right
64
Ran Off Roadway-Left
79
Ran off Roadway - Direction Unknown
71
End Departure
65
Cross Median
68
Cross Centerline
66
Downhill Runaway
67
Vehicle Went Airborne
69
Re-entering Roadway
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70
60

Non-harmful, Swaying Trailer/Jackknife
Cargo/Equipment Loss or Shift (non-harmful)

Non-Collision Harmful Events:
01
Rollover/Overturn
02
Fire/Explosion
03
Immersion or Partial Immersion
04
Gas Inhalation
51
Jackknife (harmful to this vehicle)
06
Injured in Vehicle (Non-Collision)
44
Pavement Surface Irregularity (Ruts, Potholes, Grates, etc.)
07
Other Non-Collision
72
Cargo/Equipment Loss or Shift (harmful to this vehicle)
16
Thrown or Falling Object
05
Fell/Jumped from Vehicle
Collision with Motor Vehicle In-Transport:
12
Motor Vehicle In-Transport
54
Motor Vehicle In-Transport Strikes or is Struck by Cargo, Persons or Objects Set-inMotion from/by Another Motor Vehicle In-Transport
55
Motor Vehicle In Motion Outside the Trafficway
Collision with Object Not Fixed:
08
Pedestrian
09
Pedalcyclist
10
Railway Vehicle
11
Live Animal
49
Ridden Animal or Animal-Drawn Conveyance
18
Other Object (Not Fixed)
15
Non-Motorist on Personal Conveyance
14
Parked Motor Vehicle
45
Working Motor Vehicle
73
Object Fell From Motor Vehicle In-Transport
Collision with Fixed Object:
17
Boulder
19
Building
58
Ground
20
Impact Attenuator/Crash Cushion
50
Bridge Overhead Structure
21
Bridge Pier or Support
23
Bridge Rail (Includes Parapet)
24
Guardrail Face
52
Guardrail End
25
Concrete Traffic Barrier
57
Cable Barrier

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26
59
46
30
31
32
33
34
35
38
39
40
41
42
48
53
43
99

Other Traffic Barrier
Traffic Sign Support
Traffic Signal Support
Utility Pole/Light Support
Other Post, Other Pole or Other Supports
Culvert
Curb
Ditch
Embankment
Fence
Wall
Fire Hydrant
Shrubbery
Tree (Standing Only)
Snow Bank
Mail Box
Other Fixed Object
Unknown

Remarks:
This data element is derived from the Crash Events Table. Recording of Crash Events ends at
the last harmful event of the entire crash. Therefore, a non-harmful event (e.g., Crossing the
Centerline) that occurs following the last harmful event of the crash will not be included.
Correction to the Sequence Events order must be made by revision to the Crash Events Table.
Non-Harmful Event:
61 (Equipment Failure) (blown tire, brake, etc.) Examples of equipment failure include blown
tires, brake failures, etc.
62 (Separation of Unit) is used when a trailing unit separates from its power unit or another
trailing unit(s). This applies to truck tractors with trailer(s), single-unit trucks with a trailer and
other vehicles pulling a trailer (e.g., car pulling a boat or motor home).
63 (Ran Off Roadway-Right) is used if the vehicle runs off the right side of the roadway.
Identification of running off roadway can be determined from the case materials. This attribute
can be used anytime in the event sequence before or after any harmful events. This attribute
does not apply to the "load" in cases involving Areas of Impact 18 (Cargo/Vehicle Parts SetIn-Motion) or 19 (Other Objects Set-In-Motion).
64 (Ran Off Roadway-Left) is used if the vehicle runs off the left side of the roadway.
Identification of running off roadway can be determined from the case materials. This attribute
can be used anytime in the event sequence before or after any harmful events. This attribute
does not apply to the "load" in cases involving Areas of Impact 18 (Cargo/Vehicle Parts SetIn-Motion) or 19 (Other Objects Set-In-Motion).
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63 Ran Off Roadway, Right

64 Ran Off Roadway, Left

79 (Ran off Roadway-Direction Unknown) is used when it cannot be determined from the
case materials and there are no witness statements available to determine whether a vehicle
ran off the roadway right or left.
Coding Guidelines for Running Off Roadway (Right or Left)
For Divided Highways:
On a divided highway, a vehicle can run off the roadway by leaving the roadway and entering
the median. When this occurs involving a vehicle on the correct side of a divided highway, the
proper “Ran Off Roadway” attribute is always 64 (Ran Off Roadway - Left). 64 (Ran Off
Roadway - Left) will also apply in situations where the vehicle traverses the median and
continues across the opposing roadway.
For vehicles turning at “T-intersections”:
For “T-intersections” when the vehicle loses control when in a turn, choose right or left based
upon the direction of travel for the vehicle’s proper travel lane for their intended travel path.
For vehicles traveling straight through “T-Intersections” use 71 (End Departure). See
diagrams below.
71 (End Departure) is used if the vehicle leaves the roadway by traveling straight through the
top of a “T-intersection” of a two-way trafficway or top of an intersecting one-way roadway.
This code should also apply to vehicles traveling off the end of dead end roadways or into the
barrier of a closed trafficway. See diagrams on the following page.

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71 – End Departure

65 (Cross Median) is used when a vehicle departs its roadway and traverses the median and
enters the shoulder or travel lanes on the opposite side of a divided highway. This attribute
does not apply to the "load" in cases involving Areas of Impact 18 (Cargo/Vehicle Parts SetIn-Motion) or 19 (Other Objects Set-In-Motion).
68 (Cross Centerline) is used when a vehicle crosses over the centerline of a two-way,
undivided highway. The centerline must be delineated with paint or raised markers. This is
also used for unstabilized situations involving vehicles that depart from their initial travel
lane(s) and enter the continuous left-turn lane, having a harmful event that is located within the
marked boundaries of the continuous left-turn lane. This attribute also applies to vehicles that
traverse the continuous left-turn lane area, having a harmful event that is located in the
opposing travel lane(s). This attribute does not apply to the "load" in cases involving Areas of
Impact 18 (Cargo/Vehicle Parts Set-In-Motion) or 19 (Other Objects Set-In-Motion).
66 (Downhill Runaway) refers to any vehicle that cannot decelerate on a downhill grade.
67 (Vehicle Went Airborne) must only be used if the officer indicates by narrative or diagram
that the vehicle left the ground (excludes vehicles going airborne during a rollover event).
Examples: the vehicle drove off a cliff, the vehicle was launched into the air after striking
another vehicle or after traversing a berm.
69 (Re-entering Roadway) is used when a vehicle that departed the roadway portion of the
trafficway returns to the same roadway (e.g., a motor vehicle in transport runs off the roadway
right, strikes the guardrail face, then re-enters the roadway and collides with another motor
vehicle in transport). This attribute does not apply to the "load" in cases involving Areas of
Impact 18 (Cargo/Vehicle Parts Set-In-Motion) or 19 (Other Objects Set-In-Motion).
70 (Non-harmful, Swaying Trailer/Jackknife) applies to a condition that occurs to an
articulated vehicle, (any vehicle with a trailing unit(s) connected by a hitch; e.g., truck tractor or
single-unit truck with one or more trailers, articulated bus, car pulling a boat on a trailer, etc.)
while in motion. The condition reflects a loss of control of the vehicle by the driver in which the
trailer(s) yaws from its normal straight-line path behind the power unit.
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60 (Cargo/Equipment Loss or Shift [non-harmful]) refers specifically to the loss or shift of
items carried on or in a motor vehicle or its trailing unit, and not to the vehicle, it's parts or
trailing unit, itself. This attribute should never be used:
1. to refer to a “collision” event (see 54 (Motor Vehicle In-Transport Strikes or is Struck
by Cargo, Persons or Objects Set-in-Motion from/by Another Motor Vehicle InTransport))
2. to a harmful event related to the loss or shift of cargo in/on a vehicle causing damage to
that vehicle, its cargo, or injury to its occupants (see 72 (Cargo/Equipment Loss or
Shift [harmful to this vehicle])).
Examples:





A load of logs on a tractor semi-trailer shifts as the truck rounds a curve resulting in an
overturn. The shift of the load of logs would be a 60 (Cargo/Equipment Loss or
Shift [non-harmful])
A spare tire falls from a vehicle. The loss of the spare tire would be a 60 (Cargo/
Equipment Loss or Shift [non-harmful])
An axle on a vehicle breaks and the wheel then separates from the vehicle would
be a 61 (Equipment Failure).

Non-Collision events involving motorcycles and vehicles with a “load”:
Non-Collision events may occur before or after a collision event. They should not be coded as
a separate event if they occur as part of a collision event.
Examples:




A motorcycle strikes a deer, overturns and the rider becomes separated from the
vehicle. Code the collision event, not the non-collision “Rollover/Overturn” and “Vehicle
Occupant Fell from Vehicle” that occur as part of the collision event.
One tractor/trailer rear-ends another tractor/trailer. The impact pushes the lead
vehicle’s load into the back of the tractor cab with part falling onto the roadway. Code
the collision event, not the non-collision “cargo-loss or shift” that occurred as part of the
collision event.

Non-Collision Harmful Events:
01 (Rollover/Overturn) is used when a motor vehicle rotates (rollover) at least one quarter
turn onto its side or end.

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NOTES regarding 01 (Rollover/Overturn):








For motorcycles, laying the motorcycle down on its side is sufficient to use attribute 01
(Rollover/Overturn) as a harmful event if damage or injury is produced, even though
the data element Rollover is not applicable to motorcycles.
58 (Ground) is not to be entered when the harmful event is 01 (Rollover/Overturn).
A vehicle rolls over 3 quarter turns. This is one rollover event involving 3 quarter turns.
If there is a 01 (Rollover/Overturn) that begins in another location but involves a ditch
or embankment in the case (e.g., “rolled through the ditch”, “rolled down the embankment”, “came to rest against the embankment”), then the rule applies where if there is
no damage associated with an impact with the fixed object during the rollover, it is not
included in the Crash Events. If there is indication that damage resulted from an impact
with the fixed object, it is included in the Crash Events. This follows the same logic as
striking a tree or another vehicle during an overturn.
For a vehicle that rolls over, impacts a fence and continues to rollover. Only two events
would be coded for that circumstance. The first event would be the rollover followed by
an impact with the fence. In order for more than one rollover event to appear in a
vehicles sequence of events, the vehicle must return to its wheels, and track for a
period of time before experiencing a separate rollover event. This would be a rare
occurrence and must be clearly identified in the case materials.

Note: For medium/heavy trucks with attached trailers by fixed linkage, when either the power
unit or the trailer rolls over, the entire vehicle will be considered a rollover.
GES SPECIAL INSTRUCTION:
For articulated light vehicles, that are not commercial do not code a Rollover/Overturn
if only the trailer portion of the combination overturns.
02 (Fire/Explosion) is used for a vehicle fire or explosion that occurs during the crash
sequence or as a result of the crash.
As it pertains to the occurrence of 02 (Fire/Explosion), the crash circumstances are not
considered stabilized until the threat of damage to this vehicle, or injury consequences to this
vehicle's occupants, has ceased. Therefore, the crash sequence is not considered stabilized
until all occupants have exited the vehicle and the scene has been declared safe by police or
other authority. Fires that occur at a later time to vehicles abandoned at the scene (e.g., in
open fields, on hillsides, etc.) or to vehicles removed from the scene to another location (tow
yard, curbside, etc.) are not considered part of the crash sequence.
03 (Immersion or Partial Immersion) is used when an in-transport motor vehicle enters a
body of water and results in injury or damage. This code would also be used if the vehicle
came to rest in water and the depth cannot be ascertained from case materials. NOTE: In
immersion fatalities the injury to the person may be noted as “drowning”.
04 (Gas Inhalation) includes injury or death as a result of toxic fumes, such as carbon
monoxide fumes leaking from a motor vehicle in-transport.
2015

C18
51 (Jackknife [harmful to this vehicle]) applies to a condition that occurs to an articulated
vehicle, (any vehicle with a trailing unit(s) connected by a hitch; e.g., truck tractor or single-unit
truck with one or more trailers, articulated bus, car pulling a boat on a trailer, etc.) while in
motion. The condition reflects a loss of control of the vehicle by the driver in which the
trailer(s) yaws from its normal straight-line path behind the power unit, striking the power unit,
causing damage to the power unit or trailer. Jackknife should only be coded as a harmful
event if there is clear indication of damage to the jackknifed vehicle or injury to its occupants
caused by the jackknife.
06 (Injured in Vehicle [Non-Collision]) is used when an occupant is injured during an
unstabilized situation without a collision, excluding cargo/equipment loss or shift. Examples:
Driver slams on brake, causing an unrestrained passenger to be injured. Driver makes a
sharp turn causing driver to strike head on side window, knocking driver unconscious.
44 (Pavement Surface Irregularity [ruts, potholes, grates, etc.]) is used when the
pavement surface irregularity is on a roadway. Other examples include indication of
contact with a dip, depression, low spot, trough, etc.) If the impact is with a surface
irregularity (e.g. ruts, potholes) not on a roadway use the 58 (Ground). For a vehicle that
"bottoms out" on the roadway (causing damage) due to speed but not because of a
pavement surface irregularity, use attribute 07 (Other Non-Collision).
07 (Other Non-Collision). Non-collision not captured in the listed non-collision attributes.
Examples:



Damage to the vehicle produced by its own dislodged vehicle parts (including hood
flying up and contacting the windshield).
A vehicle “bottoms out” on the roadway (causing damage) due to speed but not
because of a pavement surface irregularity. For impacts on the roadway due to
pavement surface irregularities should be coded 44 (Pavement Surface
Irregularity [ruts, potholes, grates, etc.]).

2015

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event (see 54 (Motor Vehicle In-Transport Strikes or is Struck by Cargo, Persons or
Objects Set-in-Motion from/by Another Motor Vehicle In-Transport))
Example:
A pickup truck brakes rapidly to avoid a collision. This causes a piece of lumber in the pickup
bed to smash through the rear window.
05 (Fell/Jumped from Vehicle) is used when an occupant of this vehicle falls or jumps (not
suicide) from the vehicle causing injury. For example, an occupant of a motor vehicle intransport leans against the car door, it opens and the occupant falls out; or a person riding on
a vehicle’s exterior (hood, roof, running board, etc.) falls or jumps, and is injured by the fall. If
an occupant falls or jumps from a vehicle and is struck by that vehicle, use this attribute.
Collision with Motor Vehicle In-Transport:
12 (Motor Vehicle In-Transport) is used when the injury- or damage-producing event is two
motor vehicles in-transport making contact within the trafficway boundaries. In-transport
means that the motor vehicle is in-motion or on the roadway portion of a trafficway.
54 (Motor Vehicle In-Transport Strikes or is Struck by Cargo, Persons or Objects Set-inMotion from/by Another Motor Vehicle In-Transport) is used when the injury- or damageproducing event is two motor vehicles in-transport making contact by something set-in-motion
by one of the vehicles. In these circumstances, both vehicles will have this attribute
extracted and included in their SEQUENCE OF EVENTS.
In crashes involving harmful events caused by objects set-in-motion by a motor vehicle intransport, remember that a vehicle’s load is considered to be part of the vehicle.
Examples:




2015

If cargo falls from a truck (in-transport) and strikes another motor vehicle in-transport,
this is treated as a two-vehicle crash. Therefore, the proper code for both vehicles is 54
(Motor Vehicle In-Transport Strikes or is Struck by Cargo, Persons or Objects Setin-Motion from/by Another Motor Vehicle In-Transport) and the AREA OF IMPACT
(THIS VEHICLE) column is coded 18 (Cargo/Vehicle Parts Set-In-Motion).
If an in-transport vehicle strikes an at-rest object in the roadway that was
previously cargo or part of another motor vehicle in-transport, the SEQUENCE OF
EVENTS for that event is 73 (Object Fell From Motor Vehicle In-Transport). If that
object is then propelled into another motor vehicle in-transport, the proper
SEQUENCE OF EVENTS attribute for this next event is 54 (Motor Vehicle InTransport Strikes or is Struck by Cargo, Persons or Objects Set-in-Motion
from/by Another Motor Vehicle In-Transport) and the AREA OF IMPACT (THIS
VEHICLE) column is coded 19 (Other Objects Set-In-Motion).

C18


If an in-transport vehicle strikes an at-rest object in the roadway that was not
cargo or part of another motor vehicle in-transport, the SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
for that event is 18 (Other Object [Not Fixed]). If that object is then propelled into
another motor vehicle in-transport, the proper SEQUENCE OF EVENTS code for
this next event is 54 (Motor Vehicle In-Transport Strikes or is Struck by Cargo,
Persons or Objects Set-in-Motion from/by Another Motor Vehicle In-Transport)
and the AREA OF IMPACT (This Vehicle) column is coded 19 (Other Objects SetIn-Motion).

This attribute does not apply when the cargo, persons or objects set-in-motion by an intransport motor vehicle strikes something other than another in-transport motor
vehicle. In this case, use the applicable "collision with non-fixed object", or "collision
with fixed object" code for the object struck by the cargo, person or object set-inmotion.
Examples:


If cargo falls from a truck (in-transport) and strikes another vehicle that is not intransport, the proper SEQUENCE OF EVENTS attribute is 14 (Parked Motor
Vehicle) or 45 (Working Motor Vehicle) depending on which type of not in-transport
vehicle was contacted by the load and the AREA OF IMPACT (THIS VEHICLE)
column is coded 18 (Cargo/Vehicle Parts Set-In-Motion).



If cargo falls from a truck (in-transport) and strikes a pedestrian, the proper SEQUENCE
OF EVENTS attribute would be 08 (Pedestrian) and the AREA OF IMPACT (THIS
VEHICLE) column is coded 18 (Cargo/Vehicle Parts Set-In-Motion).



If a pedestrian is struck by an at-rest object propelled by an in-transport vehicle
(e.g., parked motor vehicle, stop sign, etc.), the proper SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
attribute for this harmful event is 08 (Pedestrian) and the AREA OF IMPACT (THIS
VEHICLE) column is coded 19 (Other Objects Set-In-Motion).

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09 (Pedalcyclist) is used for any person on a non-motorized other road vehicle propelled by
pedaling. Examples include a bicycle, tricycle, unicycle or pedal car.
10 (Railway Vehicle) is any land vehicle that is (1) designed primarily for, or in use for, moving
persons or property from one place to another on rails and (2) not in use on a land way other
than a railway.
Inclusions:
— Street car on private way

Exclusions:
— Street car operating on trafficway

11 (Live Animal) is used for collisions with live animals (domesticated or wild) that are not
themselves being used as transportation or to draw a wagon, cart or other transport device
(see ANSI D16.1). Default to 11 (Live Animal) if it cannot be determined if the struck animal
is alive, dead or if it was being ridden or drawing a transport device.
Use 49 (Ridden Animal or Animal-Drawn Conveyance) for ridden animals and animals
drawing transport devices. See 18 (Other Object [Not Fixed]) for an animal carcass lying in
the roadway.
18 (Other Object [Not Fixed]) is used when a motor vehicle in-transport strikes a non-fixed
object that is known NOT to have been the cargo or part of another motor vehicle in-transport
or when it is UNKNOWN whether the object was the cargo or part of another motor vehicle intransport (i.e., refers to objects such as a dead body, animal carcass, construction cones or
barrels, an unattached trailer, a bicycle without a rider or downed tree limbs or power lines,
debris from a prior crash). For objects that have become separated from a motor vehicle intransport not as a result of a prior crash, use attribute 73 (Object Fell from Motor Vehicle
In-Transport).
15 (Non-Motorist on Personal Conveyance) is used for pedestrians using personal
conveyances. A personal conveyance is a device, other than a transport device, used by a
pedestrian for personal mobility assistance or recreation. These devices can be motorized or
human powered, but not propelled by pedaling.
Inclusions:
1) Rideable toys
- Roller Skates, in-line skates
- Skateboards
- Skates
- Baby carriage
- Scooters
- Toy Wagons
2) Motorized rideable toys
- Motorized skateboard
- Motorized toy car

2015

3) Devices for personal mobility assistance
- Segway-style devices
- Motorized and non-motorized wheelchair
- Handicapped scooters
Exclusions:
- Golf cart
- Low Speed Vehicles (LSVs)
- Go-carts
- Minibike
- “Pocket” motorcycles
- Motor scooters
- Moped
85

C18
14 (Parked Motor Vehicle) is used when the impact occurred between a motor vehicle intransport and a motor vehicle neither on a roadway nor in motion. A vehicle stopped off the
roadway, its door open over a roadway, is not in-transport.
45 (Working Motor Vehicle) is used to indicate the motor vehicle contacted was in the act of
performing construction, maintenance or utility work related to the trafficway when it became
an involved unit. This “work” may be located within open or closed portions of the trafficway
and motor vehicles performing these activities can be within or outside the trafficway
boundaries. This code does not include private construction/maintenance vehicles, or vehicles
such as garbage trucks, delivery trucks, taxis, emergency vehicles, tow trucks, etc.
Examples:
1. Asphalt/steam roller working in a highway construction zone paving the roadway or

flattening dirt.

2. State highway maintenance crew painting lane lines on the road, mowing grass on the
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

roadside or median, repairing potholes, removing debris from the roadway, etc.
Utility truck or a “cherry picker”, performing maintenance on power lines along the roadway
or maintaining a traffic signal.
A private excavating company contracted by the State digging the foundation for a new
overpass.
A state, county, or privately owned snow plow, plowing ice/snow as part of a highway
maintenance activity.
Street sweeper sweeping the street.
A vehicle in a mobile work convoy displaying arrow boards or other signaling devices
warning motorists of the work activity.
A law enforcement vehicle which is participating strictly in a stationary construction or
mobile maintenance activity as a traffic slowing, control, signaling or calming influence.
FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION:
NOTE: Before 2004, this code was called Transport Device Used as Equipment. It
included other working activities in addition to construction, maintenance and utility work on
trafficways. From 2004 forward, code “45” excludes working activities other than highway
construction, maintenance or utility vehicles (e.g., garbage truck picking up trash,
mail/delivery trucks while making deliveries, personal vehicles plowing snow, etc. These
are considered motor vehicles In-transport). Use Related Factors-Vehicle Level code 42
(Other Working Vehicle [Not Construction, Maintenance, Utility, Police, Fire, or EMS
Vehicle]) to identify these vehicles.

A question may arise when a police, fire or emergency medical vehicle is struck on the
roadway while at the scene of a crash, at a traffic stop, or as traffic control. The question
becomes, “has its function changed from being a motor vehicle in-transport to a working
vehicle?” The answer is “no.” Treat these situations as a motor vehicle in-transport striking
another motor vehicle in-transport. Use Related Factors-Vehicle Level code 41 (Police, Fire,
or EMS Vehicle Working at the Scene of an Emergency or Performing Other Traffic

2015

C18
Control Activities) to identify that this vehicle was struck while performing these work
activities.
73 (Object Fell From Motor Vehicle In-Transport) is used when a motor vehicle in- transport
impacts a non-fixed object at rest that is known to have been the cargo or part of another
motor vehicle in-transport. Do not use this attribute for debris from a prior crash.
For example if cargo that fell from a vehicle and was at rest in the roadway is struck this
attribute would apply. If the cargo was at rest in the roadway as a result of a prior
accident, use attribute 18 (Other Object [Not Fixed]).
Collision with Fixed Object:
The attributes 58 (Ground), 33 (Curb), 34 (Ditch) and 35 (Embankment) are grouped under
the Collision with Fixed Object subset because they are intended to be harmful events in the
crash (i.e. – they are associated with an impact that produces injury or damage).
When coding these events there must be fields on the PAR or verbiage in the narrative such
as "struck", "hit", "impacted", etc. that identify these as harmful.
For cases where the indication of the harmful event came from the narrative, there may not be
a corresponding indication of damage in any PAR field. In these instances code the harmful
event as stated in the narrative and include the corresponding attribute under Areas of Impact.
If there is no indication of damage from contact with the fixed object in fields on the PAR and
the narrative language does not identify it as a harmful event (e.g., “came to rest on the
embankment" or "drove through" or "drove across" the ditch and/or the embankment, or "drove
over" the curb do not code 33 (Curb), 34 (Ditch) or 35 (Embankment) in the Sequence of
Events.
Guidelines for PAR Combination Attributes:
If there is no clarification in the case materials, default to the first attribute listed in the
combination. For example, if a PAR attribute identifies "Earth Embankment/Rockcut /Ditch",
code "Embankment" unless the narrative clearly indicates one of the other attributes (e.g.
"rockcut" or "ditch").
17 (Boulder) is a rock of sufficient mass that when struck by a motor vehicle moves very little
and remains basically intact.
19 (Building) is used when the vehicle impacts a roofed and walled structure built for
permanent use. The type of construction material used is not of interest, nor is the use of the
building.
58 (Ground) is used when the impact is with an earthen or paved surface off of the roadway.
58 (Ground) is not to be entered when the harmful event is 01 (Rollover/Overturn).
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C18

Indication of furrowing, gouging, or digging in of the tires/wheels is not sufficient to
code the collision event 58 (Ground). For example, if the PAR narrative states; “the
trucks tires dug into the turf causing the vehicle to rollover” the harmful event should
be 01 (Rollover/Overturn).
20 (Impact Attenuator/Crash Cushion) is a device for controlling the absorption of energy
released during vehicle collision (crash cushion). Its most common application involves the
protection of fixed roadside objects such as bridge piers, elevated gores at exit ramps, etc.
Examples include barrels filled with water or sand, and plastic collapsible structures.

23 – Bridge Rail (Includes Parapet)

50 – Bridge
Overhead Structure
(when struck
from below)

21 – Bridge Pier or Support

21 – Bridge Pier
or Support

50 (Bridge Overhead Structure) is used when striking the bottom of a bridge while traveling
on a trafficway underneath it.
21 (Bridge Pier or Support) is a square or round column of stone, concrete, brick, steel or
wood for supporting a bridge between abutments. This attribute includes the bridge abutments
which are supporting the ends of a bridge. Abutments are generally designed for retaining or
supporting the embankment under bridge ends and composed of stone, concrete, brick or
wood (includes the wing-walls).

2015

C18
23 (Bridge Rail [Includes Parapet]) is a wooden, brick, stone, concrete or metal fence-like
structure which runs along the outermost edge of the roadway or sidewalk on the bridge or a
rail constructed along the top of a parapet. Balustrade is often used synonymously with
parapet.


Bridges do not need to support another roadway. It may be an overpass for a train or
even for a viaduct (water conduit).

24 (Guardrail Face) is a low barrier that has the primary longitudinal structure composed of
metal (plates, mesh, box beam, etc.). A guardrail is differentiated from 25 (Concrete Traffic
Barrier) by the material making up the greatest part of the longitudinal portion of the structure.
In the case of guardrails, this is metal whereas in concrete barriers this is concrete (including
concrete rails). If the crash report does not differentiate between guardrail face and end,
default to guardrail face.
Guardrails, which serve as bridge rails, should be coded as 23 (Bridge Rail [Includes
Parapet]).
52 (Guardrail End) is coded if a vehicle strikes the end of a guardrail. Guardrails can have a
separate flat or rounded piece of metal attached to the end of an expanse of guardrail face.
25 (Concrete Traffic Barrier) refers to the longitudinal traffic barriers constructed of concrete.
This includes all temporary concrete barriers regardless of location (i.e., temporary Jersey
Barrier on a bridge being used to control traffic during bridge repair/construction). Concrete
walls (vertical side surfaces) do not apply here; see 39 (Wall).
57 (Cable Barrier) refers to a flexible barrier system which uses several cables typically
supported by steel posts. These barriers are designed to help lessen impact or keep vehicles
within the confines of the road.
26 (Other Traffic Barrier) is used for all other longitudinal barriers such as wood or rock and
unknown barrier composition type.
59 (Traffic Sign Support) is used when the post supporting a traffic sign, or the sign itself, is
hit by a motor vehicle in-transport. This includes mile marker posts and signs above the
trafficway.
46 (Traffic Signal Support) is used when the post supporting a traffic signal, or the signal
itself, is hit by a motor vehicle in-transport.
30 (Utility Pole/Light Support) refers to supports for highway lighting systems, not including
other private lighting systems (e.g., parking lot lights). 30 (Utility Pole/Light Support) is used
for electrical, telephone, cable & other utility pole-type supports.

2015

C18
31 (Other Post, Other Pole or Other Supports) is used for posts other than highway signs.
(e.g., reflectors on poles along side of roadway, parking meters, flag poles, etc.). For mail box
posts, use 53 (Mail Box).
32 (Culvert) is a man-made drain or channel crossing under a road, sidewalk, etc.
33 (Curb) is a concrete or asphalt structure that borders the roadway. It provides drainage
control and pavement edge delineation. The face of the curb may be sloped or vertical.
Ensure that the PAR provides some indication that damage has occurred when a vehicle
strikes a curb. This attribute includes collisions with curbing that forms raised islands, medians,
or separators. For example, if the report identifies the vehicle struck/collided with a traffic
island, channelizing island, raised median or separator use 33 (Curb) not 43 (Other Fixed
Object).
34 (Ditch) includes any man-made structure for drainage purposes. A ditch ends where a
culvert begins and resumes on the opposite side of the culvert. Reference to a “ditchbank”,
“embankment of the ditch”, or “ditch embankment” should be coded under 34 (Ditch).
35 (Embankment) is a raised structure to hold back water, to carry a roadway or the result of
excavation or washout (including erosion) which may be faced with earth (or rock, stone or
concrete). A 35 (Embankment) can usually be differentiated from a 39 (Wall) by its incline
whereas a wall is usually vertical. However, there are exceptions to this; such as a retaining
wall that may be inclined or a vertical embankment that is caused by a natural event such as a
washout.
In crashes involving a field approach or driveway crossing, use attribute 35
(Embankment) when no specific components (e.g., culverts or ditches) are identified.
38 (Fence) includes the fence posts. A Fence can be made of wood, chain link, stone, etc
39 (Wall) is a primarily vertical structure composed of concrete, metal, timber or stone which is
not part of a building or a fence but typically is used for retaining earth, abating noise, and
separating areas (but not for containment as in the primary function of a fence). Also included
as a 39 (Wall) are headwalls (or endwalls) that are sometimes provided on culvert ends
principally to protect the sides of the embankment around the culvert opening against erosion.
This does not include wing-walls, which are attached to ends of bridge abutments and extend
back at an angle from the roadway. Wingwalls should be coded as 21 (Bridge Pier or
Support).
40 (Fire Hydrant) refers to the roadside device used by fire departments to provide water for
fighting fires. Usually made of steel, these devices are also referred to as fire plugs or fire
stand pipes in some areas.
41 (Shrubbery) refers to vegetation which is usually of a woody multi-stemmed variety and in
most instances is low growing rather than tall. May also be called bushes. Some common
examples are boxwood, hawthorn and mountain laurel.

2015

C18

42 (Tree [Standing Only]) is used when a vehicle strikes a standing tree. This includes
impacts from overhanging branches, tree stumps or large cactus (Saguaro). If a vehicle
strikes a tree lying in the roadway, use 18 (Other Object [Not Fixed]). If a tree falls on a
vehicle as it is passing by, use 16 (Thrown or Falling Object).
48 (Snow Bank) is used when snowfall and/or road plowing creates essentially fixed barriers
of snow/ice which are not snow-covered earth or rock embankments.
53 (Mail Box) refers to a private residence mail/newspaper box including the post. A cluster of
private mailboxes is included in this attribute. This element does not include U.S. Mailbox,
which are typically blue and are for general public use. Code a U.S. Mailbox as 43 (Other
Fixed Object).
43 (Other Fixed Object) is used when the object is fixed (considered a permanent structure)
and is not described by any of the other fixed object attributes. This attribute excludes
collisions with curbing that forms raised islands, medians, or separators (See also 33 (Curb).)
Examples:




Bus shelters
Pedestrian walkways
Toll booths




Guy wires supporting utility poles
U. S. Mailbox for public use



"Fixed Object", then use 43 (Other Fixed Object)
"Sign", then use 59 (Traffic Sign Support)
"Post", then use 31 (Other Post, Other Pole or Other Supports)
"Sign Post", then use 59 (Traffic Sign Support)
"Bridge", then use 23 (Bridge Rail [Includes Parapet]) when the vehicle is on top
of the bridge, when the vehicle is going under the bridge, then use 21 (Bridge Pier
or Support)
"Barrier", then use 26 (Other Traffic Barrier)

99 (Unknown) is used when police indicate unknown.

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Consistency Checks:
THEN

IF
(A042)

CRASH EVENTS-SEQUENCE OF
EVENTS equals 17, 19-21, 23-26,
30-35, 38-43, 52, 53, 57 for a vehicle,
(A612) PERSON TYPE equals 04, and
NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE
STRIKING NON-MOTORIST equals
____,
(A619) the total count of PERSON TYPES
is equal to 05 for the vehicle in
NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE
STRIKING NON-MOTORIST is ____,
(A61A) the total count of PERSON TYPES
is equal to 08 for the vehicle in
NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE
STRIKING NON-MOTORIST is ____,
(A61B) the total count of PERSON TYPES
is equal to 10 for the vehicle in
NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE
STRIKING NON-MOTORIST is ____,

at least one previous CRASH EVENTSSEQUENCE OF EVENTS should equal
63, 64, 71 or 79 for that vehicle.
at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
must equal 10 or 49 for that vehicle
number in the CRASH EVENTS table.
the number of events equal to 08 in
the CRASH EVENTS table should
equal ____ for that vehicle.
the number of events equal to 15 in
the CRASH EVENTS table should
equal ____ for that vehicle.
the number of events equal to 08 in
the CRASH EVENTS table should
equal ____ for that vehicle.

VEHICLE NUMBER (OTHER VEHICLE)
FORMAT: (Completed in MDE)
SAS NAME: Cevent.VNUMBER2; Vevent.VNUMBER2
ELEMENT VALUES:
001-999 Actual Number
Remarks:
This identifies the vehicle number of the vehicle contacted by the motor vehicle in-transport
recorded in “Vehicle Number (This Vehicle).” This field is applicable only when the event is a
collision between two motor vehicles (i.e., Sequence of Events codes 12, 54, 55, 14 or 45). If
the event is not a collision between two motor vehicles, then Vehicle Number (Other Vehicle)
is not applicable and left blank.

2015

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AREAS OF IMPACT (OTHER VEHICLE)
FORMAT: (Completed in MDE)
SAS NAME: Cevent.AOI2; Vevent.AOI2
ELEMENT VALUES:
00
01-12
13
14
61
62
63
81
82
83
18
19
98
99

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C18
Areas of Impact-Initial Contact Point Element Values Diagram

2015

Coding
12
62
12
83
06

C18
If the only event for a vehicle is a non-collision event, the Area of Impact - Initial is coded 00
(Non-Collision). If following a non-collision event, a vehicle has a collision event; Area of
Impact, Initial Contact Point is still coded 00 (Non-Collision).
Hitting the ground during a non-collision crash is not considered an “impact” for this subfield.
Set-In-Motion Attributes:
“Loads” of a vehicle includes persons or property upon or set-in-motion by the vehicle, persons
boarding or alighting from the vehicle, and persons or property attached to and in position to
move with the vehicle. A vehicle that propels part of its load or has set something in motion;
striking another vehicle, person or property causing injury or damage; may not have a normal
impact point; only the load has made contact with the person or other property. However, a
value must be coded. A load or object should not receive a Sequence of Events 63 (Ran Off
Roadway-Right), 64 (Ran Off Roadway-Left), 65 (Cross Median), 68 (Cross Centerline) or
69 (Re-entering Roadway) because these events apply to the vehicle itself and not to the
load or object that was propelled.
18 (Cargo/Vehicle Parts Set-In-Motion) is selected when the harmful event involves an
impact between a fixed/non-fixed object or vehicle and cargo or parts from an in-transport
motor vehicle which are set-in-motion. That is, use this code when the object set-in-motion is
cargo (e.g., mattress, logs, tools, unsecured objects on the in-transport motor vehicle) or a part
of an in-transport motor vehicle (e.g., hubcap or mirror).
Examples:




2015

code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials)
2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case materials).
Areas of Impact - Initial Contact Point Examples of Not Reported:



99 (Unknown) is used if the investigating officer reported that the Initial Contact Point was
unknown.

2015

THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

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FIRST HARMFUL EVENT
FORMAT: 2 numeric
SAS NAME: Accident.HARM_EV; Vehicle.HARM_EV; Person.HARM_EV;
parkwork.PHARM_EV
ELEMENT VALUES:
Non-Collision Harmful Events:
01
Rollover/Overturn
02
Fire/Explosion
03
Immersion or Partial Immersion
04
Gas Inhalation
51
Jackknife (harmful to this vehicle)
06
Injured in Vehicle (Non-Collision)
44
Pavement Surface Irregularity (Ruts, Potholes, Grates, etc.)
07
Other Non-Collision
16
Thrown or Falling Object
72
Cargo/Equipment Loss or Shift (harmful to this vehicle)
05
Fell/Jumped from Vehicle
Collision with Motor Vehicle In-Transport:
12
Motor Vehicle In-Transport
54
Motor Vehicle In-Transport Strikes or is Struck by Cargo, Persons or Objects Set-inMotion from/by Another Motor Vehicle In-Transport
55
Motor Vehicle In Motion Outside the Trafficway
Collision with Object Not Fixed:
08
Pedestrian
09
Pedalcyclist
10
Railway Vehicle
11
Live Animal
49
Ridden Animal or Animal Drawn Conveyance
18
Other Object (Not Fixed)
15
Non-Motorist on Personal Conveyance
14
Parked Motor Vehicle
45
Working Motor Vehicle
73
Object Fell From Motor Vehicle In-Transport
Collision with Fixed Object:
17
Boulder
19
Building
58
Ground
20
Impact Attenuator/Crash Cushion
2015

C19
50
21
23
24
52
25
57
26
59
46
30
31
32
33
34
35
38
39
40
41
42
48
53
43
99

Bridge Overhead Structure
Bridge Pier or Support
Bridge Rail (Includes Parapet)
Guardrail Face
Guardrail End
Concrete Traffic Barrier
Cable Barrier
Other Traffic Barrier
Traffic Sign Support
Traffic Signal Support
Utility Pole/Light Support
Other Post, Other Pole or Other Supports
Culvert
Curb
Ditch
Embankment
Fence
Wall
Fire Hydrant
Shrubbery
Tree (Standing Only)
Snow Bank
Mail Box
Other Fixed Object
Unknown

Definition: The First Harmful Event is defined as the first injury- or damage-producing event
of the crash.
Remarks:
Non-Collision events involving motorcycles and vehicles with a “load”:
Non-Collision events may occur before or after a collision event. They should not be coded as
a separate event if they occur as part of a collision event.
Examples:




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01 (Rollover/Overturn) is used when a motor vehicle rotates (rollover) at least one quarter
turn onto its side or end. For motorcycles, laying the motorcycle down on its side is sufficient
to code 01 (Rollover/Overturn) as a harmful event if damage or injury is produced, even
though the data element Rollover is not applicable to motorcycles. 58 (Ground) is not to be
entered when the harmful event is 01 (Rollover/Overturn).
If there is a 01 (Rollover/Overturn) that begins in another location but involves a ditch or
embankment in the case (e.g., “rolled through the ditch”, “rolled down the embankment”, “came
to rest against the embankment”), then the rule applies where if there is no damage associated
with an impact with the fixed object during the rollover, it is not included in the Crash Events. If
there is indication that damage resulted from an impact with the fixed object, it is included in
the Crash Events. This follows the same logic as striking a tree or another vehicle during an
overturn.
Note: For medium/heavy trucks with attached trailers by fixed linkage, when either the power
unit or the trailer rolls over, the entire vehicle will be considered a rollover.
GES SPECIAL INSTRUCTION:
For articulated light vehicles, that are not commercial do not code a 01
(Rollover/Overturn) if only the trailer portion of the combination overturns.
02 (Fire/Explosion) is used for a vehicle fire or explosion that occurs during the crash
sequence or as a result of the crash.
As it pertains to the occurrence of 02 (Fire/Explosion), the crash circumstances are not
considered stabilized until the threat of damage to this vehicle, or injury consequences to this
vehicle's occupants, has ceased. Therefore, the crash sequence is not considered stabilized
until all occupants have exited the vehicle and the scene has been declared safe by police or
other authority. Fires that occur at a later time to vehicles abandoned at the scene (e.g., in
open fields, on hillsides, etc.) or to vehicles removed from the scene to another location (tow
yard, curbside, etc.) are not considered part of the crash sequence.
03 (Immersion or Partial Immersion) is used when an in-transport motor vehicle enters a
body of water and results in injury or damage. This code would also be used if the vehicle
came to rest in water and the depth cannot be ascertained from case materials. NOTE: In
immersion fatalities the injury to the person may be noted as “drowning”.
04 (Gas Inhalation) includes injury or death as a result of toxic fumes, such as carbon
monoxide fumes leaking from a motor vehicle in-transport.
51 (Jackknife [harmful to this vehicle]) applies to a condition that occurs to an articulated
vehicle, (any vehicle with a trailing unit(s) connected by a hitch; e.g., truck tractor or single-unit
truck with one or more trailers, articulated bus, car pulling a boat on a trailer, etc.) while in
motion. The condition reflects a loss of control of the vehicle by the driver in which the
trailer(s) yaws from its normal straight-line path behind the power unit, striking the power unit,
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causing damage to the power unit or trailer. Jackknife should only be coded as a harmful
event if there is clear indication of damage to the jackknifed vehicle or injury to its occupants
caused by the jackknife.
06 (Injured in Vehicle [non-collision]) is used when an occupant is injured during an
unstabilized situation without a collision, excluding cargo/equipment loss or shift. Examples:
Driver slams on brake, causing an unrestrained passenger to be injured. Driver makes a
sharp turn causing driver to strike head on side window, knocking driver unconscious.
44 (Pavement Surface Irregularity [ruts, potholes, grates, etc.]) is used when the
pavement surface irregularity is on a roadway. Other examples include indication of
contact with a dip, depression, low spot, trough, etc.) If the impact is with a surface
irregularity (e.g. ruts, potholes) not on a roadway use the 58 (Ground). For a vehicle that
"bottoms out" on the roadway (causing damage) due to speed but not because of a
pavement surface irregularity, use attribute 07 (Other Non-Collision).
07 (Other Non-Collision). Non-collision not captured in the listed non-collision attributes.
Examples:



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Example:
A pickup truck brakes rapidly to avoid a collision. This causes a piece of lumber in the pickup
bed to smash through the rear window.
05 (Fell/Jumped from Vehicle) is used when an occupant of this vehicle falls or jumps (not
suicide) from the vehicle causing injury. For example, an occupant of a motor vehicle intransport leans against the car door, it opens and the occupant falls out; or a person riding on
a vehicle’s exterior (hood, roof, running board, etc.) falls or jumps, and is injured by the fall. If
an occupant falls or jumps from a vehicle and is struck by that vehicle, use this attribute.
Collision with a Motor Vehicle In-Transport
12 (Motor Vehicle In-Transport) is used when the injury- or damage-producing event is two
motor vehicles in-transport making contact within the trafficway boundaries. In-transport
means that the motor vehicle is in-motion or on the roadway portion of a trafficway.
54 (Motor Vehicle In-Transport Strikes or is Struck by Cargo, Persons or Objects Set-inMotion from/by Another Motor Vehicle In-Transport) is used when the injury- or damageproducing event is two motor vehicles in-transport making contact by something set-in-motion
by one of the vehicles. In these circumstances, both vehicles will have this attribute
extracted and included in their SEQUENCE OF EVENTS.
In crashes involving harmful events caused by objects set-in-motion by a Motor Vehicle intransport, remember that a vehicle’s load is considered part of the vehicle.
Examples:




If an in-transport vehicle strikes an at-rest object in the roadway that was
previously cargo or part of another motor vehicle in-transport, the SEQUENCE OF
EVENTS for that event is 73 (Object Fell From Motor Vehicle In-Transport). If that
object is then propelled into another motor vehicle in-transport, the proper
SEQUENCE OF EVENTS attribute for this next event is 54 (Motor Vehicle InTransport Strikes or is Struck by Cargo, Persons or Objects Set-in-Motion
from/by Another Motor Vehicle In-Transport) and the AREA OF IMPACT (THIS
VEHICLE) column is coded 19 (Other Objects Set-In-Motion).



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this next event is 54 (Motor Vehicle In-Transport Strikes or is Struck by Cargo,
Persons or Objects Set-in-Motion from/by Another Motor Vehicle In-Transport)
and the AREA OF IMPACT (This Vehicle) column is coded 19 (Other Objects SetIn-Motion).
This attribute does not apply when the cargo, persons or objects set-in-motion by an
in-transport motor vehicle strikes something other than another in-transport motor
vehicle. In this case, use the applicable "collision with non-fixed object", or
"collision with fixed object" code for the thing struck by the cargo, person, or object
set-in-motion.
Examples:


If cargo falls from a truck (in-transport) and strikes another vehicle that is not intransport, the proper SEQUENCE OF EVENTS attribute is 14 (Parked Motor
Vehicle) or 45 (Working Motor Vehicle) depending on which type of not intransport vehicle was contacted by the load and the AREA OF IMPACT (THIS
VEHICLE) column is coded 18 (Cargo/Vehicle Parts Set-In-Motion).



If cargo falls from a truck (in-transport) and strikes a pedestrian, the proper
SEQUENCE OF EVENT attribute would be 08 (Pedestrian) and the AREA OF
IMPACT (THIS VEHICLE) column is coded 18 (Cargo/Vehicle Parts Set-InMotion).



If a pedestrian is struck by an at-rest object propelled by an in-transport
vehicle (e.g., parked motor vehicle, stop sign, etc.), the proper SEQUENCE OF
EVENTS attribute for this harmful event is 08 (Pedestrian) and the AREA OF
IMPACT (THIS VEHICLE) column is coded 19 (Other Objects Set-In-Motion).

55 (Motor Vehicle in Motion Outside the Trafficway) is used when the injury- or damageproducing event is two motor vehicles in-transport making contact outside the trafficway
boundaries in a motor vehicle traffic crash.
Example:
A vehicle loses control attempting to turn into a gas station and strikes another vehicle pulling
away from the pump in the station lot.
Collision with Object Not Fixed
08 (Pedestrian) is used for all those not on a personal conveyance. A person pushing a
vehicle should be coded 08 (Pedestrian). A person being carried by another person should
also be considered a 08 (Pedestrian).
09 (Pedalcyclist) is used for any person on a non-motorized other road vehicle propelled by
pedaling. Examples include a bicycle, tricycle, unicycle or pedal car.

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10 (Railway Vehicle) is any land vehicle that is (1) designed primarily for, or in use for, moving
persons or property from one place to another on rails and (2) not in use on a land way other
than a railway.
Inclusions:
- Street car on private way

Exclusions:
- Street car operating on trafficway

11 (Live Animal) is used for collisions with live animals (domesticated or wild) that are not
themselves being used as transportation or to draw a wagon, cart or other transport device
(see ANSI D16.1). Default to 11 (Live Animal) if it cannot be determined if the struck animal
is alive, dead or if it was being ridden or drawing a transport device.
Use 49 (Ridden Animal or Animal-Drawn Conveyance) for ridden animals and animals
drawing transport devices. See 18 (Other Object [Not Fixed]) for an animal carcass lying in
the roadway.
18 (Other Object [Not Fixed]) is used when a motor vehicle in-transport strikes a non-fixed
object that is known NOT to have been the cargo or part of another motor vehicle in-transport
or when it is UNKNOWN whether the object was the cargo or part of another motor vehicle intransport (i.e., refers to objects such as a dead body, animal carcass, construction cones or
barrels, an unattached trailer, a bicycle without a rider or downed tree limbs or power lines,
debris from a prior crash). For objects that have become separated from a motor vehicle intransport not as a result of a prior crash, use attribute 73 (Object Fell from Motor Vehicle
In-Transport).
15 (Non-Motorist on Personal Conveyance) is used for pedestrians using personal
conveyances. A personal conveyance is a device, other than a transport device, used by a
pedestrian for personal mobility assistance or recreation. These devices can be motorized or
human powered, but not propelled by pedaling.
3) Devices for personal mobility assistance
- Segway-style devices
- Motorized and non-motorized
1) Rideable toys
wheelchair
- Roller Skates, in-line skates
- Handicapped scooters
- Skateboards
Exclusions:
- Skates
- Golf cart
- Baby carriage
- Low Speed Vehicles (LSVs)
- Scooters
- Go-carts
- Toy Wagons
- Minibike
2) Motorized rideable toys
- “Pocket” motorcycles
- Motorized skateboard
- Motor scooters
- Motorized toy car
- Moped
14 (Parked Motor Vehicle) is used when the impact occurred between a motor vehicle intransport and a motor vehicle neither on a roadway nor in motion. A vehicle stopped off the
roadway, its door open over a roadway, is not in-transport.
Inclusions:

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45 (Working Motor Vehicle) is used to indicate the motor vehicle contacted was in the act of
performing construction, maintenance or utility work related to the trafficway when it became
an involved unit. This “work” may be located within open or closed portions of the trafficway
and motor vehicles performing these activities can be within or outside the trafficway
boundaries. This code does not include private construction/maintenance vehicles, or vehicles
such as garbage trucks, delivery trucks, taxis, emergency vehicles, tow trucks, etc.
Examples:
1. Asphalt/steam roller working in a highway construction zone paving the roadway or
flattening dirt.
2. State highway maintenance crew painting lane lines on the road, mowing grass on the
roadside or median, repairing potholes, removing debris from the roadway, etc.
3. Utility truck or a “cherry picker”, performing maintenance on power lines along the roadway
or maintaining a traffic signal.
4. A private excavating company contracted by the State digging the foundation for a new
overpass.
5. A state, county or privately owned snow plow, plowing ice/snow as part of a highway
maintenance activity.
6. Street sweeper sweeping the street.
7. A vehicle in a mobile work convoy displaying arrow boards or other signaling devices
warning motorists of the work activity.
8. A law enforcement vehicle which is participating strictly in a stationary construction or
mobile maintenance activity as a traffic slowing, control, signaling or calming influence.
NOTE: Before 2004, this code was called Transport Device Used as Equipment. It
included other working activities in addition to construction, maintenance and utility work on
trafficways. From 2004 forward, code “45” excludes working activities other than highway
construction, maintenance or utility vehicles (e.g., garbage truck picking up trash,
mail/delivery trucks while making deliveries, personal vehicles plowing snow, etc. These
are considered motor vehicles In-transport). Use Related Factors-Vehicle Level 42 (Other
Working Vehicle [Not Construction, Maintenance, Utility, Police, Fire, or EMS
Vehicle]) to identify these vehicles.
A question may arise when a police, fire or emergency medical vehicle is struck on the
roadway while at the scene of a crash, at a traffic stop, or as traffic control. The question
becomes, “has its function changed from being a motor vehicle in-transport to a working
vehicle?” The answer is “no.” Treat these situations as a motor vehicle in-transport striking
another motor vehicle in-transport. Use Related Factors-Vehicle Level 41 (Police, Fire, or
EMS Vehicle Working at the Scene of an Emergency or Performing Other Traffic Control
Activities) to identify that this vehicle was struck while performing these work activities.
73 (Object Fell From Motor Vehicle In-Transport) is used when a motor vehicle in- transport
impacts a non-fixed object at rest that is known to have been the cargo or part of another
motor vehicle in-transport. Do not use this attribute for debris from a prior crash.

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For example if cargo that fell from a vehicle and was at rest in the roadway is struck this
attribute would apply. If the cargo was at rest in the roadway as a result of a prior
accident, use attribute 18 (Other Object [Not Fixed]).
Collision with Fixed Object
The attributes 58 (Ground), 33 (Curb), 34 (Ditch) and 35 (Embankment) are grouped under
the Collision with Fixed Object subset because they are intended to be harmful events in the
crash (i.e. – they are associated with an impact that produces injury or damage).
When coding these events there must be fields on the PAR or verbiage in the narrative such
as "struck", "hit", "impacted", etc. that identify these as harmful.
For cases where the indication of the harmful event came from the narrative, there may not be
a corresponding indication of damage in any PAR field. In these instances code the harmful
event as stated in the narrative and include the corresponding attribute under Areas of Impact.
If there is no indication of damage from contact with the fixed object in fields on the PAR and
the narrative language does not identify it as a harmful event (e.g., “came to rest on the
embankment" or "drove through" or "drove across" the ditch and/or the embankment, or "drove
over" the curb do not code 33 (Curb), 34 (Ditch) or 35 (Embankment) in the Sequence of
Events.
Guidelines for PAR Combination Attributes:
If there is no clarification in the case materials, default to the first attribute listed in the
combination. For example, if a PAR attribute identifies "Earth Embankment/Rockcut /Ditch",
code "Embankment" unless the narrative clearly indicates one of the other attributes (e.g.
"rockcut" or "ditch").
17 (Boulder) is a rock of sufficient mass that when struck by a motor vehicle moves very little
and remains basically intact. It may be considered as a fixed object.
19 (Building) is used when the vehicle impacts a roofed and walled structure built for
permanent use. The type of construction material used is not of interest, nor is the use of the
building.
58 (Ground) is used when the impact is with an earthen or paved surface off of the roadway.
58 (Ground) is not to be entered when the harmful event is 01 (Rollover/Overturn).
Indication of furrowing, gouging, or digging in of the tires/wheels is not sufficient to
code the collision event 58 (Ground). For example, if the PAR narrative states; “the
trucks tires dug into the turf causing the vehicle to roll over” the harmful event should
be 01 (Rollover/Overturn).

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20 (Impact Attenuator/Crash Cushion) is a device for controlling the absorption of energy
released during vehicle collision (crash cushion). Its most common application involves the
protection of fixed roadside objects such as bridge piers, elevated gores at exit ramps, etc.
Examples include barrels filled with water or sand, and plastic collapsible structures.
50 (Bridge Overhead Structure) is used when striking the bottom of a bridge while traveling
on a trafficway underneath it.
21 (Bridge Pier or Support) is a square or round column of stone, concrete, brick, steel or
wood for supporting a bridge between abutments. This attribute includes the bridge abutments
which are supporting the ends of a bridge. Abutments are generally designed for retaining or
supporting the embankment under bridge ends and composed of stone, concrete, brick or
wood (includes the wing-walls).
23 (Bridge Rail [Includes Parapet]) is a wooden, brick, stone, concrete or metal fence-like
structure which runs along the outer]\most edge of the roadway or sidewalk on the bridge or a
rail constructed along the top of a parapet. Balustrade is often used synonymously with
parapet.
 Bridges do not need to support another roadway. It may be an overpass for a train or
even for a viaduct (water conduit).

23 – Bridge Rail (Includes Parapet)

50 – Bridge
Overhead Structure
(when struck
from below)

21 – Bridge Pier or Support

21 – Bridge Pier
or Support

24 (Guardrail Face) is a low barrier that has the primary longitudinal structure composed of
metal (plates, mesh, box beam, etc.). A guardrail is differentiated from 25 (Concrete Traffic

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Barrier) by the material making up the greatest part of the longitudinal portion of the structure.
In the case of guardrails, this is metal whereas in concrete barriers this is concrete (including
concrete rails). If the crash report does not differentiate between guardrail face and end,
default to guardrail face.
Guardrails, which serve as bridge rails, should be coded as 23 (Bridge Rails [includes
Parapet]).
52 (Guardrail End) is used if a vehicle strikes the end of a guardrail. Guardrails can have a
separate flat or rounded piece of metal attached to the end of an expanse of guardrail face.
25 (Concrete Traffic Barrier) refers to the longitudinal traffic barriers constructed of concrete.
This includes all temporary concrete barriers regardless of location (i.e., temporary Jersey
Barrier on a bridge being used to control traffic during bridge repair/construction). Concrete
walls (vertical side surfaces) do not apply here; see 39 (Wall).
57 (Cable Barrier) refers to a flexible barrier system which uses several cables typically
supported by steel posts. These barriers are designed to help lessen impact or keep vehicles
within the confines of the road.
26 (Other Traffic Barrier) is used for all other longitudinal barriers such as wood or rock and
unknown barrier composition type.
59 (Traffic Sign Support) is used when the post supporting a traffic sign, or the sign itself, is
hit by a motor vehicle in-transport. This includes mile marker posts and signs above the
trafficway.
46 (Traffic Signal Support) is used when the post supporting a traffic signal, or the signal
itself, is hit by a motor vehicle in-transport.
30 (Utility Pole/Light Support) refers to supports for highway lighting systems, not including
other private lighting systems (e.g., parking lot lights). 30 (Utility Pole/Light Support) is used
for electrical, telephone, cable & other utility pole-type supports.
31 (Other Post, Other Pole or Other Supports) is used for posts other than highway signs.
(e.g., reflectors on poles along side of roadway, parking meters, flag poles, etc.). For mail box
posts, use 53 (Mail Box).
32 (Culvert) is a man-made drain or channel crossing under a road, sidewalk, etc.
33 (Curb) is a concrete or asphalt structure that borders the roadway. It provides drainage
control and pavement edge delineation. The face of the curb may be sloped or vertical.
Ensure that the PAR provides some indication that damage has occurred when a vehicle
strikes a curb. This attribute includes collisions with curbing that forms raised islands, medians,
or separators. For example, if the report identifies the vehicle struck/collided with a traffic

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island, channelizing island, raised median or separator use 33 (Curb) not 43 (Other Fixed
Object).
34 (Ditch) includes any man-made structure for drainage purposes. A ditch ends where a
culvert begins and resumes on the opposite side of the culvert. Reference to a “ditchbank”,
“embankment of the ditch”, or “ditch embankment” should be coded under 34 (Ditch).
35 (Embankment) is a raised structure to hold back water, to carry a roadway or the result of
excavation or washout (including erosion) which may be faced with earth (or rock, stone or
concrete). A 35 (Embankment) can usually be differentiated from a 39 (Wall) by its incline
whereas a wall is usually vertical. However, there are exceptions to this; such as a retaining
wall that may be inclined or a vertical embankment that is caused by a natural event such as a
washout.
In crashes involving a field approach or driveway crossing, use attribute 35
(Embankment) when no specific components (e.g., culverts or ditches) are identified.
38 (Fence) includes the fence posts. A Fence can be made of wood, chain link, stone, etc.
39 (Wall) is a primarily vertical structure composed of concrete, metal, timber or stone which is
not part of a building or a fence but typically is used for retaining earth, abating noise, and
separating areas (but not for containment as in the primary function of a fence). Also included
as 39 (Wall) is headwalls (or endwalls) that are sometimes provided on culvert ends principally
to protect the sides of the embankment around the culvert opening against erosion. This does
not include wing-walls, which are attached to ends of bridge abutments and extend back at an
angle from the roadway. Wingwalls should be coded as 21 (Bridge Pier or Support).
40 (Fire Hydrant) refers to the roadside device used by fire departments to provide water for
fighting fires. Usually made of steel, these devices are also referred to as fire plugs or fire
stand pipes in some areas.
41 (Shrubbery) refers to vegetation which is usually of a woody multi-stemmed variety and in
most instances is low growing rather than tall. May also be called bushes. Some common
examples are boxwood, hawthorn and mountain laurel.
42 (Tree [Standing Only]) is used when a vehicle strikes a standing tree. This includes
impacts from overhanging branches, tree stumps or large cactus (Saguaro). If a vehicle
strikes a tree lying in the roadway, use 18 (Other Object [Not Fixed]). If a tree falls on a
vehicle as it is passing by, use 16 (Thrown or Falling Object).
48 (Snow Bank) is used when snowfall and/or road plowing creates essentially fixed barriers
of snow/ice which are not snow-covered earth or rock embankments.
53 (Mail Box) refers to a private residence mail/newspaper box including the post. A cluster of
private mailboxes is included in this attribute. This element does not include U.S. Mailbox,

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which are typically blue and are for general public use. Code a U.S. Mailbox as 43 (Other
Fixed Object).
43 (Other Fixed Object) is used when the object is fixed (considered a permanent structure)
and is not described by any of the other fixed object attributes. This attribute excludes
collisions with curbing that forms raised islands, medians, or separators (See also 33 (Curb).)
Examples:




Bus shelters
Pedestrian walkways
Toll booths




Guy wires supporting utility poles
U. S. Mailbox for public use

Other examples would include property damage to standing crops, yards and other vegetation
(excluding: 41 (Shrubbery), 42 (Tree [Standing Only]), and 58 (Ground)) if noted on the
crash report.
When the case materials identify a non-specific object impact, apply the following
guidelines. If the case materials only identifies the harmful event as:
 "Fixed Object", then use 43 (Other Fixed Object)
 "Sign", then use 59 (Traffic Sign Support)
 "Post", then use 31 (Other Post, Other Pole or Other Supports)
 "Sign Post", then use 59 (Traffic Sign Support)
 "Bridge", then use 23 (Bridge Rail [Includes Parapet]) when the vehicle is on top
of the bridge, when the vehicle is going under the bridge, then use 21 (Bridge Pier
or Support)
 "Barrier", then use 26 (Other Traffic Barrier)
99 (Unknown) is used when police indicate unknown.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(42CP)

there are two vehicles involved in the
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT,

(440F)

FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
08, 09, 15, and RELATION TO
TRAFFICWAY equals 01,

(450F)

FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
08, 09, 15, and RELATION TO
TRAFFICWAY equals 07,

2015

THEN
those two vehicles’ CRASH TYPES
must belong to the same CRASH TYPE
Configuration.
there must be at least one Person Level
(Not a MV Occupant) form with NONMOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME OF
CRASH equal to 01-03, 09-11, 13, 16,
23, 98 or 99.
there must be at least one Person Level
(Not a MV Occupant) form with NONMOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME OF
CRASH equal to 14.
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IF
(460F)

FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
08, 09, 15, and RELATION TO
TRAFFICWAY equals 02,

(470F)

FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
08, 09, 15, and RELATION TO
TRAFFICWAY equals 03, 08, 10,

(480F)

FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
08, 09, 15, and RELATION TO
TRAFFICWAY equals 04, 06,

(490F)

FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
08, 09, 15, and RELATION TO
TRAFFICWAY equals 05,

(500F)

FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
01-11, 14-21, 23-26, 30-35, 44-53,
57-59, 72, 73,
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 12,
54, 55,
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 10,

(510F)
(520F)

(530F)

FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
08, 09, 15, and RELATION TO
TRAFFICWAY equals 99,

(531F)

FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
08, 09, 15, and RELATION TO
TRAFFICWAY equals 11,

(540F)

FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 02,

(550F)

FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 08,

(560F)

FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 09,

(570F)

FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
05, 06,

112

THEN
there must be at least one Person Level
(Not a MV Occupant) form with NONMOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME OF
CRASH equal to 02, 20.
there must be at least one Person Level
(Not a MV Occupant) form with NONMOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME OF
CRASH equal to 20, 22, 98, 99.
there must be at least one Person Level
(Not a MV Occupant) form with NONMOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME OF
CRASH equal to 09, 16, 20, 21, 24, 25,
28, 98, 99.
there must be at least one Person Level
(Not a MV Occupant) form with NONMOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME OF
CRASH equal to 24, 25.
MANNER OF COLLISION must not
equal 01, 02, 06-11, 98, 99.
MANNER OF COLLISION must not
equal 00.
TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE must not
equal 01-04, 07-09, 20-50, 98 for the
vehicle involved in the first harmful
event.
there must be at least one Person Level
(Not a MV Occupant) form with NONMOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME OF
CRASH equal to 09, 98, 99.
there must be at least one Person Level
(Not a MV Occupant) form with NONMOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME OF
CRASH equal to 11.
the vehicle involved in the first harmful
event must have FIRE OCCURRENCE
equal to 1.
at least one person must have PERSON
TYPE equal 05, 10.
at least one person must have PERSON
TYPE equal to 06, 07.
at least one PERSON TYPE equal to
01-03, 09 must have INJURY
SEVERITY equal to 1-5 or blank.

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IF
(580F)

(590F)

THEN
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY should
not equal 01.

at least one Person Level form must
have a PERSON TYPE of 08.
NUMBER OF FORMS SUBMITTED
FOR PERSONS NOT IN MOTOR
VEHICLES must not equal 00.
NUMBER OF VEHICLE FORMS
SUBMITTED must be greater than 001.
there must be at least one vehicle with
UNIT TYPE equal to 1.
SEQUENCE OF EVENTS, FIRST
HARMFUL EVENT, MOST HARMFUL
EVENT should not equal 48.
one RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER
LEVEL should equal 20.

(5Y0F)

FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
08, 09, 15,

(670F)
(9C0P)

FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
12, 14, 45, 54, 55,
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 55,

(A041)

CRASH MONTH equals 05-09,

(A080)

DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, and
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 12,
and NUMBER OF VEHICLE FORMS
SUBMITTED equals 002,
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT is not equal there should be one vehicle with
to 02, 04, 05, 10, 16, 18,
TRAVEL SPEED of 001-151, 997-999,
or blanks.
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 10, LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
SYSTEM (b) should not equal 01-03.
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT should not
ROUTE SIGNING equals 1,
equal 10.
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 99, MANNER OF COLLISION should not
equal 00, 01-11.
LOCATION OF ROLLOVER should
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 01
equal _____ respectively.
and this vehicle is involved in the first
harmful event, and BODY TYPE does
not equal 80-89 for this vehicle, and
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals
_____,
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 17, RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY should
19-21, 23-26, 30-35, 38-43, 52, 53,
not equal 01, 02, 07, 11.
57,
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
CRASH TYPE must equal 00 for the
02-07,16, 44, 51, 72,
vehicle involved in the first harmful
event.

(A100)
(A110)
(A350)
(A370)
(A380)

(A390)
(A3C0)

2015

113

C19
IF
(A3D0)
(A3E0)
(A41A)

(A420)
(A421)
(A480)
(A4A0)
(A4BP)
(A4DP)
(A4EP)
(A60F)
(A61F)

(A61G)

114

FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
01-07, 16, 44, 51, 72,
CRASH TYPE equals 13,

THEN
CRASH TYPE must not equal 20-91.

FIRST HARMFUL EVENT must equal
08, 09, 11, 15 or 49.
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 02, CRITICAL EVENT - PRECRASH
04, 07, 16, 44 or 54,
(EVENT) should equal 98 for the
vehicles involved in the FIRST
HARMFUL EVENT.
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 10, RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) should
equal 06.
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 24, RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY should
25, 30, 33, 34, 35, 40, 46, 52, 57, 59,
equal 03, 04, 08 or 10.
CRASH TYPE equals 00,
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT must equal
02-07, 16, 44, 51, 72.
CRASH TYPE equals 01-16,
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT must not
equal 12.
CRASH TYPE must equal 98 for the
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 54
vehicles involved in the first harmful
or 55,
event.
CRASH TYPE equals 20-91,
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT must equal
12.
CRASH TYPE equals 11,
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT must equals
14.
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 14, CRASH TYPE must equal 01-11, 14,
15, 92, 98, 99.
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
CRASH TYPE should equal 13 for the
08, 09, 11, 15, 49, and RELATION TO vehicle involved in the first harmful
TRAFFICWAY equals 01, 02, 07, 11,
event.
and PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT
(PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF
CRITICAL EVENT) is not equal to 00,
13 for the vehicle involved in the first
harmful event,
the FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals CRASH TYPE should not equal 13 for
08, and PERSON TYPE equals 05,
this vehicle.
and NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT
THE TIME OF CRASH equals 21, 22,
24, 25, 28, and the NUMBER OF
MOTOR VEHICLE STRIKING NONMOTORIST is involved in the first
harmful event,

2015

C19
IF
(A61H)

(A61J)

(A61K)

(A62F)
(A63F)
(A65F)

(A66F)

2015

the FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
09, and PERSON TYPE equals 06,
07, and NON-MOTORIST LOCATION
AT THE TIME OF CRASH equals 21,
22, 24, 25, 28, and the NUMBER OF
MOTOR VEHICLE STRIKING NONMOTORIST is involved in the first
harmful event,
the FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
15, and PERSON TYPE equals 08,
and NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT
THE TIME OF CRASH equals 21, 22,
24, 25, 28, and the NUMBER OF
MOTOR VEHICLE STRIKING NONMOTORIST is involved in the first
harmful event,
the FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
49, and PERSON TYPE equals 04,
and NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT
THE TIME OF CRASH equals 21, 22,
24, 25, 28, and the NUMBER OF
MOTOR VEHICLE STRIKING NONMOTORIST is involved in the first
harmful event,
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 18,
43 or 73, and RELATION TO
TRAFFICWAY equals 01 or 11,
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 01,

THEN
CRASH TYPE should not equal 13 for
this vehicle.

CRASH TYPE should not equal 13 for
this vehicle.

115

C19
IF
(A67F)

FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 14,
and CRASH TYPE equals 15,

(A770)

FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 46,

(A780)

FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 46,

(A790)

FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 46,

(A800)

FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 46,

(A801)

FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 12,

(A810)

(A830)

FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 46,
and RELATION TO JUNCTION (a)
equals 1, and RELATION TO
JUNCTION (b) does not equal 02, 03,
05,
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 46,
and RELATION TO JUNCTION (a)
equals 1, and RELATION TO
JUNCTION (b) does not equal 02, 03,
05,
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 46,

(AC1A)

FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 54,

(A820)

(AM1P) FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 54,
(AZ2P)

(FA0F)

116

THEN
RELATED FACTORS - PERSON (MV
OCCUPANT) LEVEL should equal 32
or 89 for an occupant of the parked
vehicle.
TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE should
equal 01-04 for the vehicle involved in
the first harmful event.
TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE should
not equal 00 for the vehicle involved in
the first harmful event.
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) should
not equal 01, 07.
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY should
not equal 01, 02, 05, 07, 11.
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY must
not equal 5.
LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
SYSTEM (b) should not equal 01.

ROUTE SIGNING should not equal 1.

SPEED LIMIT should be less than 55 for
the vehicle involved in the first harmful
event.
MANNER OF COLLISION should equal
11.
one RELATED FACTORS-CRASH
LEVEL must equal 14.
CRASH TYPE must equal 14 for the
vehicle involved in the first harmful
event.

FIRST HARMFUL EVENT does not
equal 02-07, 16, 44, 51, 72, and
CRITICAL EVENT-PRECRASH
(EVENT) equals 14, and
ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE
MANEUVER equals 01,
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals blank, case status is flawed.

2015

C19
IF
(PB34)

(PB35)

(U020)
(U030)
(U640)
(V750)

THEN

NUMBER OF FORMS SUBMITTED
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH
FOR PERSONS NOT IN MOTOR
TYPE - PEDESTRIAN must not equal
VEHICLES equals 01, and FIRST
320, 330, 360, 680, 830, 890, 900, or
HARMFUL EVENT equals 08, and
910.
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals
02,
NUMBER OF FORMS SUBMITTED
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING - CRASH
FOR PERSONS NOT IN MOTOR
LOCATION - PEDESTRIAN must equal
VEHICLES equals 01, and FIRST
1.
HARMFUL EVENT equals 08, and
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals
02,
UNLIKELY: FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 02, 04, 06, 51, 72.
UNLIKELY: FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 12, 55, and MANNER OF
COLLISION equals 10, 11.
UNLIKELY: FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 99
UNDERRIDE/OVERRIDE equals 1-3, FIRST HARMFUL EVENT or at least
one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS (for this
vehicle) should equal 12, 55.

(V760)

UNDERRIDE/OVERRIDE equals 4-6,

(V79P)

ROLLOVER equals 2, and FIRST
HARMFUL EVENT equals 01,

FIRST HARMFUL EVENT or at least
one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS (for this
vehicle) should equal 14, 45.
CRASH TYPE must equal 01-10, 14, 15
or 98 for the vehicle involved in the first
harmful event.

Consistency Check (GES Only):
IF
(A3K0)

2015

FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 10,

THEN
INTERSTATE HIGHWAY should not
equal 1.

117

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118

2015

C20

MANNER OF COLLISION
FORMAT: 2 numeric
SAS NAME: Accident.MAN_COLL; Vehicle.MAN_COLL; Person.MAN_COLL;
parkwork.PMAN_COLL
ELEMENT VALUES:
00
01
02
06
07
08
09
10
11
98
99

Not a Collision with a Motor Vehicle In-Transport
Front-to-Rear
Front-to-Front
Angle
Sideswipe-Same Direction
Sideswipe-Opposite Direction
Rear-to-Side
Rear-to-Rear
Other
Not Reported
Unknown

Definition: This element identifies the orientation of two motor vehicles in-transport when they
are involved in the First Harmful Event of a collision crash. If the First Harmful Event is not a
collision between two motor vehicles in-transport it is classified as such.
Remarks:
00 (Not Collision with a Motor Vehicle In-Transport) is used when the first harmful event is
not an impact between two in-transport motor vehicles.
01 (Front-to-Rear) is used when a collision occurs between the rear of one vehicle and the
front of another vehicle. If this attribute is selected, the points of impact for the vehicles
involved in the first harmful event must be front to back.
02 (Front-to-Front) is used when a collision occurs between the front end of one vehicle and
the front end of another vehicle. If this attribute is selected, the points of impact for the
vehicles involved in the first harmful event must both be front.
06 (Angle) is a crash where two motor vehicles impact at an angle. For example, the front of
one motor vehicle impacts the side of another motor vehicle. If this attribute is selected, the
points of impact for the vehicles involved in the first harmful event must not be front to front,
front to back, back to back or back to side.
07 (Sideswipe - Same Direction) is used when the case materials report that a sideswipe
occurred while the two vehicles were traveling in the same direction.
2015

119

C20
Clarification for coding sideswipe attributes 07 and 08:
Sideswipe codes are used for both vehicles when the initial engagement has no significant
involvement of the front or rear surface areas where the impact swipes along the side surfaces
of the vehicles parallel to their direction of travel. If it is unclear if the collision was an angle or
a sideswipe, then code it 06 (Angle). Endswipes and side-to-side angle impacts are coded as
11 (Other). (See diagram below.)

08 (Sideswipe - Opposite Direction) is used when the case materials report that a sideswipe
occurred while the two vehicles were traveling in opposite directions.
09 (Rear-To-Side) is used when a collision occurs between the rear of one vehicle and the
side of another vehicle. If this attribute is selected, the points of impact for the vehicles
involved in the first harmful event must back for one and side for the other.
10 (Rear-To-Rear) is used when a collision occurs between the rear of one vehicle and the
rear of another vehicle. If this attribute is selected, the points of impact for the vehicles involved
in the first harmful event must both be back.
11 (Other) should be used for any collision between two motor vehicles in-transport where the
collision is not described by attributes “01-10,” including set-in-motion situations.
Examples include:
 One vehicle’s “end” swipes (endswipe) another vehicle instead of their “sides” swiping.
 One vehicle slides into another vehicle at an angle such that they impact side-to-side.
 One vehicle is airborne and makes contact with its front or undercarriage to the other
vehicle’s hood or top.
 Cargo or other load on one motor vehicle in-transport shifts and lands or is thrown
into/onto another vehicle.
120

2015

C20



The tire of one motor vehicle in-transport throws a stone through the windshield of
another vehicle.
A vehicle occupant or motorcyclist falls or is thrown from a vehicle striking or is struck
by another vehicle.

If a PAR data element is coded with the attribute “Other” but the officer does not specify
what this refers to:
1. Code 11 (Other) if the PAR attribute choices can be matched to or include all the
attributes in FARS/GES.
2. Code 98 (Not Reported) if the PAR choices cannot be matched to or include all
the attributes in FARS/GES.
98 (Not Reported)
If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable,
then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”.
Code 98 (Not Reported) in these two situations:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the information
to code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials)
2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case
materials).
99 (Unknown) is used when police indicate unknown.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(420P)

MANNER OF COLLISION equals
07,08,

(421P)

MANNER OF COLLISION equals 01,

2015

THEN
there must be at least two vehicle forms
with AREAS OF IMPACT-INITIAL
CONTACT POINT equal to 01-05,
07-11, 61-63, 81-83, 98, 99.
AREAS OF IMPACT-INITIAL CONTACT
POINT for one vehicle in the first harmful
event must equal 12, and AREAS OF
IMPACT-INITIAL CONTACT POINT for
the other vehicle in the first harmful
event must equal 06.

121

C20
IF

THEN

(422P)

MANNER OF COLLISION equals 02,

(423P)

MANNER OF COLLISION equals 06,

(424P)

MANNER OF COLLISION equals 09,

(425P)

MANNER OF COLLISION equals 10,

(426P)

MANNER OF COLLISION equals 02,

(427P)

MANNER OF COLLISION equals 06,

(500F)

FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
01-11, 14-21, 23-26, 30-35, 44-53,
57-59, 72, 73,
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 12,
54, 55,
MANNER OF COLLISION equals 07,
and PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT
(PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF
CRITICAL EVENT) equals 10 or 11
for neither one of the vehicles involved
in the first harmful event,

AREAS OF IMPACT-INITIAL CONTACT
POINT for one vehicle in the first harmful
event must equal 12, and AREAS OF
IMPACT- INITIAL CONTACT POINT for
the other vehicle in the first harmful
event must equal 12.
AREAS OF IMPACT-INITIAL CONTACT
POINT for one vehicle in the first harmful
event must equal 01, 11, 12, 98, 99, and
AREAS OF IMPACT-INITIAL CONTACT
POINT for the other vehicle in the first
harmful event must equal 01-05,
07-11, 61-63, 81-83 98, 99.
AREAS OF IMPACT-INITIAL CONTACT
POINT for one vehicle in the first harmful
event should equal 06, and AREAS OF
IMPACT-INITIAL CONTACT POINT for
the other vehicle in the first harmful
event should equal 01-05, 07-11, 61-63,
81-83, 98, 99.
AREAS OF IMPACT- INITIAL
CONTACT POINT for one vehicle in the
first harmful event should equal 06, and
AREAS OF IMPACT- INITIAL
CONTACT POINT for the other vehicle
in the first harmful event should equal
06, 98, 99.
CRASH TYPE must not equal 64-67 for
the vehicles involved in the first harmful
event.
CRASH TYPE must not equal 20-43 or
50-53 for the vehicles involved in the first
harmful event.
MANNER OF COLLISION must not
equal 01, 02, 06-11, 98, 99.

(510F)
(9BAP)

122

MANNER OF COLLISION must not
equal 00.
CRASH TYPE should equal 44-49,
98, 99 for the vehicles involved in the
first harmful event.

2015

C20
IF
(9BCP) MANNER OF COLLISION equals 08,
and PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT
(PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF
CRITICAL EVENT) equals 10 or 11
for neither one of the vehicles involved
in the first harmful event,
(9BDP) MANNER OF COLLISION equals 01,

THEN
CRASH TYPE should equal 64-67,
98, 99 for the vehicles involved in the
first harmful event.

CRASH TYPE should not equal 44-49
for the vehicles involved in the first
harmful event.
(A370) FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 99, MANNER OF COLLISION should not
equal 00, 01-11.
(AC1A) FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 54, MANNER OF COLLISION should equal
11.
(BZ80) MANNER OF COLLISION equals 00, CRASH TYPE must equal 00, 01-16, 92,
98, 99 for the vehicle in the first harmful
event.
(U030) UNLIKELY: FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 12, 55, and MANNER OF
COLLISION equals 10, 11.

2015

123

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124

2015

C21

RELATION TO JUNCTION
FORMAT: 1 numeric occurring 1 time, 2 numeric occurring 1 time
SAS NAME: Accident.RelJct1, Accident.RelJct2
ELEMENT VALUES:
0
1
8
9

C21a: Within Interchange Area?
No
Yes
Not Reported
Unknown

01
02
03
05
20
06
07
04
08
16
17
18
19
98
99

C21b: Specific Location
Non-Junction
Intersection
Intersection-Related
Entrance/Exit Ramp Related
Entrance/Exit Ramp
Railway Grade Crossing
Crossover-Related
Driveway Access
Driveway Access Related
Shared-Use Path Crossing
Acceleration/Deceleration Lane
Through Roadway
Other location within interchange area
Not Reported
Unknown

Definition: The coding of this data element is done in two subfields and based on the location
of the first harmful event of the crash. It identifies the crash's location with respect to presence
in an interchange area and the crash’s location with respect to presence in or proximity to
components typically in junction or interchange areas.
Remarks:
Subfield 1 (C21a): Within Interchange Area?
Interchange: An interchange is a system of interconnecting roadways in conjunction with one or
more grade separations, providing for the movement of traffic between two or more roadways on
different levels.

2015

125

C21
0 (No) is used if the first harmful event of the crash occurs outside of the boundaries of an
interchange.
1 (Yes) is used if the location of the first harmful event of the crash is within an interchange area.
8 (Not Reported)
If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then
a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”.
Code 8 (Not Reported) in these two situations:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the information to
code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials)
2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case materials).
9 (Unknown) is used when police indicate unknown.
Subfield 2 (C21b): Specific Location
01 (Non-Junction) is used for crashes where the first harmful event occurs outside an
interchange area and does not occur in or related to a junction, ramp, rail grade crossing,
crossover, or shared-use path or trail. This attribute includes crashes that occur on a parking lot
way (access road) at the connection of a parking aisle. (See diagram at the end of the remarks
section for this element.)
02 (Intersection) is used when the first harmful event occurs in an area which: (1) contains a
crossing or connection of two or more roadways not classified as a driveway access, and (2) is
embraced within the prolongation of the lateral curb lines or, if none, the lateral boundary lines of
the roadways. Where the distance along a roadway between two areas meeting these criteria is
less than 10 meters, the two areas and the roadway connecting them are considered to be parts
of a single intersection. See the examples of intersections on the following pages.
FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION:
In an Intersection, within Interchange Area: if the first harmful event occurs within the
intersection of a ramp and the surface roadway: It is important to always code National
Highway System and Land Use and Functional System for the highest class of
trafficway at this intersection.
03 (Intersection-Related) means that the first harmful event: (1) occurs on an approach to or
exit from an intersection and (2) results from an activity, behavior or control related to the
movement of traffic units through the intersection.

126

2015

C21
Note:
 For crashes where the first harmful event occurs in a crosswalk at an intersection area,
use 03 (Intersection-Related).
 For Traffic Circles and Roundabouts, enter 02 (Intersection) when the first harmful event
occurs within the area formed by the prolongation of curb or edge lines of the approach
legs of the intersection, regardless of whether or not the collision was in any way related
to an intersection. Use 03 (Intersection-Related) if the first harmful event occurs in the
central island or any directional island which serves the rotary intersection.
05 (Entrance/Exit Ramp Related) is used when the first harmful event occurs off the
entrance/exit ramp roadway, but is related to the use of or entry onto the ramp.
Note: If the first harmful event occurs on the ramp outside of an intersection of the ramp and the
surface roadway and is related to the movement of traffic through the intersection then use 03
(Intersection-Related).
20 (Entrance/Exit Ramp) is used when the first harmful event occurs on an entrance or exit
ramp roadway and is not the result of an activity, behavior or control related to the movement of
traffic units through an intersection. This would include all the areas between the gore and
entrance/exit ramp intersection.
06 (Railway Grade Crossing) is used when the first harmful event occurred in the area formed
by the at-grade connection of a railroad bed and a roadway. Crashes occurring outside a railway
grade crossing due to traffic congestion associated with a railway grade crossing are considered
non-junction.
07 (Crossover-Related) is used when the first harmful event occurs in a crossover or on
approach to or exit from a crossover and related to the use of the crossover.
Note: A crossover is the area of the median of a divided trafficway where motor vehicles are
permitted to cross the opposing lane or traffic or execute a U-turn.
04 (Driveway Access) is used when the first harmful event occurs:
1. on a driveway access (See ANSI D16.1 Manual 2.5.9)
2. or involves a road vehicle entering or leaving by way of a driveway access where at least
one traffic unit (vehicle, pedalcyclist or pedestrian) is physically on the driveway access
within the trafficway.
This attribute includes crashes occurring on sidewalks within the driveway access.
Examples:
 A car turning into a private residence driveway strikes a bicyclist riding on the sidewalk
that crosses over the driveway access.
 A tractor trailer backing out of a business entrance onto the trafficway, while partially on
the driveway access, is struck by a car on the roadway.
2015

127

C21
08 (Driveway Access Related) is used when the first harmful event:
1. occurs on the trafficway,
2. does not occur on a 04 (Driveway Access), but
3. results from an activity, behavior or control related to the movement of traffic units onto or
out of a driveway (See ANSI D16.1 Manual 2.5.9.1).
Examples:
 A vehicle attempting to turn left into a driveway from the eastbound lanes is struck
broadside by another vehicle traveling in the westbound lanes,
 A vehicle that has just entered the trafficway from a driveway is struck in the rear before it
can gain speed.
Note: When a driveway access junction is within an intersection and the crash would meet the
criteria of driveway access or driveway access related, enter 02 (Intersection) if the first harmful
event was within the boundaries of the intersection or 03 (Intersection-Related) if it was not, but
related to the intersection.
Note: If there is not sufficient detail available to differentiate between driveway access and
driveway access related, but it is known that the vehicle was coming out of (or going into) a
driveway, default to 08 (Driveway Access Related). See diagram below.
16 (Shared-Use Path Crossing) is used when the first harmful event occurs at the crossing of a
roadway and a shared-use path (see below for the definition of a shared use path). At least one
non-motorist has to be physically in the crossing of the roadway and the shared-use path and
the crash has to be related to the use of it. If the crossing of a roadway and a shared-use path
overlaps/coincides with a crosswalk in a non-intersection area (e.g., mid block), then select 16
(Shared-Use Path Crossing).
Note: A shared-use path is a bikeway physically separated from motorized vehicular traffic by an
open space or barrier and either within the highway right of way or an independent right of way.
Shared-use paths will also be used by pedestrians, skaters, wheelchairs, joggers and other nonmotorist users. A shared-use path is not a sidewalk and where a shared-use path crosses
another land way is similar to, but not a crosswalk. A shared-use path crossing may
overlap/coincide with a crosswalk.
17 (Acceleration/Deceleration Lane) is used when the first harmful event occurs on the
roadway in an interchange area on an auxiliary or speed-change lane that allows vehicles to
accelerate to highway speeds before entering the through roadway or decelerate to safe speeds
to negotiate a ramp without interrupting traffic flow on the through roadway exited.
18 (Through Roadway) is used when the first harmful event occurs on the roadway within an
interchange area but does not occur:


128

In an intersection or related to an intersection - 02 (Intersection) or 03 (Intersection Related).

2015

C21



On a 20 (Entrance/Exit Ramp) or related to the use of the ramp - 05 (Entrance/Exit
Ramp Related)
In a 17 (Acceleration/Deceleration Lane)

19 (Other location within interchange area) is used when the first harmful event occurs within
an Interchange, off of the roadway (e.g. median, shoulder, roadside) and is not related to the use
of or the entry onto a ramp.
Examples:
 A vehicle on the 18 (Through Roadway) portion of the interchange departs the roadway
and overturns in the median.
 A vehicle leaves the 18 (Through Roadway) portion of the interchange and strikes a
vehicle parked on the shoulder.
98 (Not Reported)
If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then
a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”.
Code 98 (Not Reported) in these two situations:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the information to
code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials)
2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case materials).
99 (Unknown) is used when police indicate unknown.

2015

129

C21

Valid Combinations for Subfield 1 and Subfield 2

Subfield 1 (C21a): Within Interchange?
Yes
No
Not
Unknown
Reported
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X

X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X

X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X

Subfield 2 (C21b): Specific Location
Code
Attribute
01
02
03
05
06
07
04
08
16
17
18
19
20
98
99

Non-Junction
Intersection
Intersection-Related
Entrance/Exit Ramp Related
Railway Grade Crossing
Crossover Related
Driveway Access
Driveway Access Related
Shared-use Path or Trail
Acceleration/Deceleration Lane
Through Roadway
Other Location, within Interchange Area
Entrance/Exit Ramp
Not Reported
Unknown

The diagram below will help identify Relation to Junction codes 05 (Entrance/Exit Ramp
Related), 17 (Acceleration/Deceleration Lane), 18 (Through Roadway), 19 (Other Location
Within Interchange Area) in an Interchange Area and 20 (Entrance/Exit Ramp).

Figure 5 – Intersection (See 2.5.10)

130

2015

C21
Example Parking Lot Area
(01 – Non-junction, 02 – Intersection)

Figure 4 from ANSI D16 7TH Edition (Driveway Access 2.3.9)

2015

131

C21
The diagram below will help identify if the crash occurred within and Interchange Area for
Relation to Junction (C21a) – Within Interchange Area

INTERCHANGE ACCIDENTS
Accidents which occur within the shaded area
are interchange accidents
From ANSI D16.1 - 2007 (PG. 30)

R
am
p

GORE

p
m
a
R

R
am
p

30 Meters
(100 Feet)

GORE

Ra
m
p

Roadway

(100 feet)
30 Meters

GORE

Boundary Of
Traffic Way

132

2015

C21
Consistency Checks:
IF
(1F1P)

(77AP)

RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) does
not equal 02, 03,
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals
06,
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals
01, 02, 04, 06, 07, 16-19, 98, 99, and
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals
03,
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals
01, and RELATION TO JUNCTION
(b) equals 20,
CRITICAL EVENT – PRECRASH
(EVENT) equals 65-68 or 70-73 for a
vehicle involved in the first harmful
event,
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals
07,
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals
07,
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals
07,
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals
07,
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals
07,
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals
01,
RELATION TO JUNCTION(b) equals
04, 06, 07, or 16,
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals
17 or 18 or 19,
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals
01, 04-08, 16-20,
CRASH TYPE equals 14,

(77BP)

CRASH TYPE equals 68-91,

(77CP)

CRASH TYPE equals 14,

(77DP)

RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals
07, and RELATION TO JUNCTION
(a) equals 1,

(1Y0P)
(250P)

(254P)
(3E00)

(730P)
(740P)
(750P)
(770P)
(772P)
(773P)
(773Q)
(775P)
(778P)

2015

THEN
the second TRAFFICWAY IDENTIFIER
should be blank.
RAIL GRADE CROSSING IDENTIFIER
must not equal 0000000.
TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION should
equal 2, 3 for at least one vehicle
involved in the first harmful event.
TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION must
equal 6 for at least one vehicle involved
in the first harmful event.
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) should
not equal 01 or 18.
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY must not
equal 04-07, 10, 11, 99.
TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION must
equal 2, 3 for at least one vehicle.
RAIL GRADE CROSSING IDENTIFIER
must equal 0000000.
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) must
equal 01, 03, 08, 19, 98, 99.
RELATION TO JUNCTION (a) must not
equal 1.
RELATION TO JUNCTION (a) must
equal 0.
RELATION TO JUNCTION (a) should
not equal 1.
RELATION TO JUNCTION (a) must
equal 1.
TYPE OF INTERSECTION must equal
01.
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) must not
equal 02.
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) should
not equal 01.
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) should
equal 01, 03, 19.
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) should
not equal 03, 08.

133

C21

(780P)
(782P)
(783P)
(784P)
(A131)
(A141)
(A150)

(A1B0)
(A1E0)
(A1E1)
(A200)
(A210)

(A220)

(A240)

(A250)

134

THEN

RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals
10,
TYPE OF INTERSECTION equals
02-07, 10,
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals
98, 99,
TYPE OF INTERSECTION equals 01,

RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) must not
equal 02, 04, 08.
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) must
equal 02, 03.
TYPE OF INTERSECTION should equal
01, 98, 99.
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) must not
equal 02, 03.
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY must
equal 01.
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY must
equal 01 or 11.
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) should
not equal 02-04, 06, 08.

RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals
02, 04, 06, 16, 17, or 20,
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals
18,
LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
SYSTEM (b) equals 01, 02, and
RELATION TO JUNCTION (a) equals
0,
TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE equals
20, 21 for a vehicle involved in the first
harmful event,
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals
19,
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals
20,
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals
07,
LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
SYSTEM (b) equals 01, 02, and
RELATION TO JUNCTION (a) equals
0,
LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
SYSTEM (b) equals 01, 02, and
RELATION TO JUNCTION (a) equals
0,
LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
SYSTEM (b) equals 01, and
RELATION TO JUNCTION (a) equals
0,
LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
SYSTEM (b) equals 01-03, and
RELATION TO JUNCTION (a) equals
1, and RELATION TO JUNCTION (b)
does not equal 03, 05, 20,

RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) should
not equal 01, 18.
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY must not
equal 01, 05, 11, 98, 99.
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY must
equal 01.
LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
SYSTEM (b) should not equal 06, 07
or 96.
TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE should
not equal 01-04, 07, 20, 23, 40, 50, 65.
SPEED LIMIT should not equal 05-40 for
any vehicle.
TRAVEL SPEED should not equal
005-040 for any vehicle.
TOTAL LANES IN ROADWAY should
not equal 1 for the vehicles involved in
the first harmful event.

2015

C21
IF
(A290)
(A291)
(A293)

ROUTE SIGNING equals 1, and
RELATION TO JUNCTION (a) equals
0,
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals
07,
WORK ZONE equals 1-3, and
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals
02, 03,

(A294)

WORK ZONE equals 1-3, and
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals
01, 04, 05, 08, 17-19,

(A310)

ROUTE SIGNING equals 1, and
RELATION TO JUNCTION (a) equals
0,
ROUTE SIGNING equals 1, and
RELATION TO JUNCTION (a) equals
0,
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals
07,
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 10,

(A320)
(A360)
(A420)
(A430)

(A440)
(A481)

(A4C0)

(A610)

2015

PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR
TO RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL
EVENT) equals 10-11 for a vehicle
involved in the first harmful event,
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals
06,
TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION
equals 6, and RELATION TO
JUNCTION (b) does not equal 02,
03,
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals
04,

RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals
01, and RELATION TO JUNCTION
(b) equals 05,

THEN
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) should
not equal 02-04, 06, 08 16.
ROUTE SIGNING should not equal 5, 6.
TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE should
equal 01-03, 20, 40, 97 or 98 for the
vehicle(s) involved in the first harmful
event.
TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE should
equal 00, 21, 28, 40, 50, 97 or 98 for the
vehicle(s) involved in the first harmful
event.
TOTAL LANES IN ROADWAY should
not equal 1 for any vehicle.
SPEED LIMIT should not equal 05-40 for
any vehicle.
ROUTE SIGNING should not equal 4.
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) should
equal 06.
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) should
not equal 01, 18.
TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE should
equal 65 for any vehicle involved in the
first harmful event.
TOTAL LANES IN ROADWAY should
equal 1, 2, 8, 9.
at least one PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT
(PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF
CRITICAL EVENT) for the vehicles
involved in the first harmful event should
equal 10, 11, 13 or 98.
TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION should
equal 6 for at least one vehicle involved
in the first harmful event.

135

C21
IF
(A611)
(A790)
(A810)

(A820)

(A890)

TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION equals
6 for at least one vehicle involved in
the first harmful event,
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 46,
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 46,
and RELATION TO JUNCTION (a)
equals 1, and RELATION TO
JUNCTION (b) does not equal 02, 03,
05,
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 46,
and RELATION TO JUNCTION (a)
equals 1, and RELATION TO
JUNCTION (b) does not equal 02, 03,
05,
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals
01,

(AC0A) RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals
02, 03,
(AZ5P) CRITICAL EVENT-PRECRASH
(EVENT) equals 70-73 for a vehicle
involved in the first harmful event,
(D530) any VIOLATIONS CHARGED equals
36 for a vehicle involved in the first
harmful event,
(PB04) PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN for a
person involved in the first harmful
event equals 211, 212, 461, 465, 680,
830, 890, 900 or 910,
(PB07) PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - BICYCLE for a
person involved in the first harmful
event equals 311, 312, 313, 321, 322
or 323
(PB08) PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - BICYCLE for a
person involved in the first harmful
event equals 141-144, 147, 151-157
or 159,

136

THEN
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) should
equal 02, 03, 05, 17-20.
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) should
not equal 01, 07.
LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
SYSTEM (b) should not equal 01.

ROUTE SIGNING should not equal 1.

TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE should
not equal 01-03 for any vehicle involved
in the first harmful event.
the second TRAFFICWAY IDENTIFIER
should not be all blank.
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) should
equal 04 or 08.
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) should
equal 06.
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) must not
equal 02. Note: this edit is restricted to
vehicles which are involved in only one
event with pedestrian(s).
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) must
equal 04 or 08. Note: this edit is
restricted to vehicles which are involved
in only one event with bicyclist(s)
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) must
equal 02 or 03. Note: this edit is
restricted to vehicles which are involved
in only one event with bicyclist(s).

2015

C21
IF
(PB34)

(PB35)

(PC30)

NUMBER OF FORMS SUBMITTED
FOR PERSONS NOT IN MOTOR
VEHICLES equals 01, and FIRST
HARMFUL EVENT equals 08, and
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals
02,
NUMBER OF FORMS SUBMITTED
FOR PERSONS NOT IN MOTOR
VEHICLES equals 01, and FIRST
HARMFUL EVENT equals 08, and
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals
02,
PRE-IMPACT LOCATION for a
vehicle involved in the first harmful
event equals 4, 5, and RELATION
TO JUNCTION (b) does not equal
04, 05,

THEN
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH
TYPE - PEDESTRIAN must not equal
320, 330, 360, 680, 830, 890, 900, or
910.
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH
LOCATION - PEDESTRIAN must equal
1.

RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY should
not equal 01 or 11.

Consistency Checks (GES Only)
IF
(A3G0) INTERSTATE HIGHWAY equals 1,
and RELATION TO JUNCTION (a)
equals 1, and RELATION TO
JUNCTION (b) is not equal to 03 or 05
or 20,
(A3H0) INTERSTATE HIGHWAY equals 1,
and RELATION TO JUNCTION (a)
equals 1, and RELATION TO
JUNCTION (b) is not equal to 03 or 05
or 20,
(A3I0) INTERSTATE HIGHWAY equals 1,
(A3J0)

(A930)

2015

INTERSTATE HIGHWAY equals 1,
and RELATION TO JUNCTION (a)
equals 1, and RELATION TO
JUNCTION (b) is not equal to 03 or 05
or 20,
INTERSTATE HIGHWAY equals 1,
and RELATION TO JUNCTION (a)
equals 1, and RELATION TO
JUNCTION (b) is not equal to 03 or 05
or 20,

THEN
TOTAL LANES IN ROADWAY should
not equal 1 for at least one vehicle
involved in the first harmful event.
TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION should
not equal 4 for at least one vehicle
involved in the first harmful event.
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) should
not equal 02, 04, 06, 08 or 16.
SPEED LIMIT should not equal 01-40 for
at least one vehicle involved in the first
harmful event.
TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE should
not equal 01-03, 20, 23 or 65 for at least
one vehicle involved in the first harmful
event.

137

THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

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TYPE OF INTERSECTION
FORMAT: 2 numeric
SAS NAME: Accident.Typ_Int
ELEMENT VALUES:
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
10
98
99

Not an Intersection
Four-Way Intersection
T-Intersection
Y-Intersection
Traffic Circle
Roundabout
Five-Point, or More
L-Intersection
Not Reported
Unknown

Definition: This element identifies and allows separation of various intersection types.
Remarks:
The data element value selected should be based on the location of the first harmful event and
is only applicable to intersection or intersection-related crashes. If it is known that a rotary type
of intersection was involved but it is not known if it was a traffic circle or a roundabout, default to
a traffic circle.
Intersection refers to an area which 1) contains a crossing or connection of two or more
roadways not classified as driveway access and 2) is embraced within the prolongation of the
lateral curb lines, or, if none, the lateral boundary lines of the roadways. Where the distance
along a roadway between two areas meeting these criteria is less than 33 feet, the two areas
and the roadway connecting them are considered to be parts of a single intersection. (See ANSI
D.16 - 2.5.10)
01 (Not an Intersection) identifies that this crash was not intersection or intersection-related.
02 (Four-Way Intersection) refers to two roadways which cross or connect.
03 (T-Intersection) refers to an intersection where two roadways connect and one roadway
does not continue across the other roadway. The roadways form a “T”.
04 (Y-Intersection) refers to an intersection where three roadways connect and none of the
roadways continue across the other roadways. The roadways form a “Y”.

2015

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05 (Traffic Circle) refers to an intersection of roads where motor vehicles must travel around a
circle to continue on the same road or leave on any intersecting road.
A 05 (Traffic Circle) must meet the following criteria:
 Entering traffic is controlled by a stop sign, traffic signal or by no traffic control
 Parking is allowed within the circle
 Pedestrians are allowed access to the central island
 Circle traffic can be required to yield to entering traffic
06 (Roundabout) refers to an intersection of roads where motor vehicles must travel around a
circle to continue on the same road or leave on any intersecting road. (See diagram on following
page.)
A 06 (Roundabout) must meet the following criteria:
 Entering traffic is controlled by a yield sign only
 Circulating traffic has the right of way
 Pedestrian access is allowed behind the yield sign line
 No parking is allowed in the circle
07 (Five-Point, or More) refers to an intersection where more than two roadways cross or
connect.
10 (L-Intersection) refers to a two-armed intersection in which one roadway intersects with
another roadway but neither roadway extends beyond the other roadway. (Note: this should be
configured as an intersection where the arms consist of two different named trafficways.)
98 (Not Reported)
If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable, then
a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”.
Code 98 (Not Reported) in these two situations:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the information to
code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials)
2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case materials).
99 (Unknown) is used when police indicate unknown.

140

2015

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Consistency Checks:

(251P)
(778P)
(781P)
(782P)
(783P)
(784P)

2015

THEN

RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals
98, 99,
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals
01, 04-08, 16-20,
TYPE OF INTERSECTION equals
02-07, 10,
TYPE OF INTERSECTION equals
02-07, 10,
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals
98, 99,
TYPE OF INTERSECTION equals 01,

TYPE OF INTERSECTION should equal
98, 99.
TYPE OF INTERSECTION must equal
01.
TRAFFICWAY IDENTIFIER (b) should
not be blank.
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) must
equal 02, 03.
TYPE OF INTERSECTION should equal
01, 98, 99.
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) must not
equal 02, 03.

141

C22

142

2015

C23

RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY
FORMAT: 2 numeric
SAS NAME: Accident.REL_ROAD
ELEMENT VALUES:
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
10
11
98
99

Blanks
On Roadway
On Shoulder
On Median
On Roadside
Outside Trafficway
Off Roadway – Location Unknown
In Parking Lane/Zone
Gore
Separator
Continuous Left-Turn Lane
Not Reported
Unknown

Definition: This element identifies the location of the crash as it relates to its position within or
outside the trafficway based on the First Harmful Event.
Remarks:
01 (On Roadway) - The roadway is that part of a trafficway designed, improved and ordinarily
used for motor vehicle travel or, where various classes of motor vehicles are segregated, that
part of a trafficway used by a particular class. Separate roadways may be provided for
northbound and southbound traffic or for trucks and automobiles. Roadway may be noted as
the “travel lanes” and, if present, includes the area between the painted “fog lines”.
Additionally, a driveway access area is considered part of the roadway of the trafficway to
which it connects. This attribute may also be used for cases involving a parked vehicle
opening a door into moving traffic, extended mirrors into the travel lane.
02 (On Shoulder) (if present) is that part of a trafficway contiguous with the roadway for
emergency use, for accommodation of stopped vehicles, and for lateral support of the roadway
structure. A shoulder should be improved or maintained for these purposes. Not all roadways
have shoulders.
03 (On Median) is defined as that area of a divided trafficway between parallel roads
separating travel in opposite directions. The principal functions of a median are to provide the
desired freedom from interference of opposing traffic, to provide a recovery area for out-ofcontrol vehicles, to provide a stopping area in case of emergencies, and to minimize headlight
2015

143

C23
glare. Medians may be depressed, raised or flush. Flush medians can be as little as 4-feet
wide between roadway edge lines. Painted roadway edge lines four (4) or more feet wide
denote medians. Medians of lesser width must have a barrier to be considered a median.
Continuous Left-turn Lanes are not considered Medians (see 11 (Continuous Left-Turn
Lane)).
04 (On Roadside) refers to a location off the roadway, but inside the right-of-way. It is the
outermost part of the trafficway which lay between the outer property line or other barrier and
the edge of the first road encountered in the trafficway. Bicycle lanes and shared use path or
trails contiguous with the roadway and sidewalks are also included. For cases involving a
vehicle that goes off the roadway into a "tree line", "wood line", "brush line", etc. that is
adjacent to the roadway, code as 04 (On Roadside) unless there is specific information
available in the case materials that identify the First Harmful Event was beyond the boundaries
of the trafficway (e.g., a "tree line" in a homeowners front yard). In addition, use this attribute if
the first harmful event occurs in a raised or painted center island (directional or channeling) of
a traffic circle, roundabout or junction.
05 (Outside Trafficway) is used for areas not open to the public as a matter of right or custom
for moving persons or property. This includes property beyond the roadside outside the
boundaries of the trafficway. Also, a portion of the trafficway closed for construction is not a
trafficway and would be considered 05 (Outside Trafficway).
06 (Off Roadway - Location Unknown) refers to a location off the roadway, but its
relationship to the trafficway boundaries/right-of-way is not known. This should only be used
when no reasonable assessment can be made as to the location of the FHE because the
information in the case is too ambiguous.
07 (In Parking Lane/Zone) refers to an area on the roadway, or next to the roadway, on which
parking is permitted in marked or unmarked spaces. This includes curbside and edge ofroadway parking (for example, legal residential parking, city-street parking, etc.). Sometimes a
strip of roadway can be designated for parking at certain hours of the day (parking lane) and
for regular travel at other hours (travel lane). This code should NOT be used during hours
when parking is NOT permitted (see 01 (On Roadway)).
08 (Gore) is an area of land where two roadways diverge or converge. The area is bounded
on two sides by the edges of the roadway, which join at the point of divergence or
convergence. The direction of traffic must be the same on both of these roadways. The area
includes shoulders or marked pavement if any, between the roadways. The third side is 60
meters (approximately 200 feet) from the point of divergence or convergence or, if any other
road is within 70 meters (230 feet) of that point, a line 10 meters (33 feet) from the nearest
edge of such road.
Gore Inclusions:
 Areas at rest area or exit ramps
 Areas at truck weight station entry or exit ramps
 Areas where two main roadways diverge or converge

144

2015

C23



Areas where a ramp and another roadway or two ramps, diverge or converge
Areas where a frontage road and another roadway or two frontage roads diverge or
converge

Gore Exclusions:
 Islands for channelizing of vehicle movements
 Islands for pedestrian refuge
10 (Separator) is the area of a trafficway between parallel roads separating travel in the same
direction or separating a frontage road from other roads. A 10 (Separator) may be a physical
barrier or a depressed, raised, flush or vegetated area between roads.
11 (Continuous Left-Turn Lane) is a two-way left turn lane positioned between opposing
straight-through travel lanes.
98 (Not Reported)
If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable,
then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”.
Code 98 (Not Reported) in these two situations:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the information
to code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials)
2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case
materials).
99 (Unknown) is used when police indicate unknown.
Additional Guidance for Relation to Trafficway
For collision events when the vehicle is overlapping adjacent areas:


For fixed object collisions (FHE), base “Relation to Trafficway” on the location of the
object struck.



Fixed objects that are associated with the trafficway such as curbs, ditches, guardrails,
sign supports, utility poles, etc. are not located in the travel lanes or on the shoulder.
Therefore, when these fixed objects are contacted in the FHE, Relation to Trafficway
should be coded as 04 (On Roadside), regardless of the location of the entire vehicle.



Non-fixed object collisions (e.g., striking a vehicle on the shoulder or pedestrian on the
sidewalk) when the striking vehicle is overlapping two locations (e.g., roadway and
shoulder) are also coded with respect to the object contacted, not the striking vehicle.

2015

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For Rollover/Overturn crashes when the vehicle is overlapping two locations (e.g., roadway
and shoulder) when the roll begins:


When a vehicle begins an overturn and is overlapping two locations at the onset of
the overturn, use the LAST area the vehicle entered as the location. For example,
Roadside would be correct for a case where the documentation identifies a vehicle
runs off the roadway, partially through the shoulder, and the front wheels enter the
roadside.

Default rules for the location of Ditches, Culverts, Embankments and Fences:


Unless there is clear reason to believe otherwise in the case materials, ditches,
culverts and embankments are design features common to trafficways. Therefore, if
included as the FHE the appropriate Relation to Trafficway is 04 (On Roadside).



Unless there is clear reason to believe otherwise in the case materials (e.g., a snow
fence in the median), a fence either surrounds private property outside the trafficway
or marks the property line boundary ending the trafficway. Therefore, if included as
the FHE the appropriate Relation to Trafficway is 05 (Outside Trafficway).

Consistency Checks:
IF
(250P)

(251P)
(252P)
(253P)
(254P)
(255P)
(256P)

146

RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals
01, 02, 04, 06, 07, 16-19, 98, 99, and
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals
03,
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals
98, 99,
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals
01, 02, 03, 04, 07, 08, 10, 11, 98 or
99,
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals
03,
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals
01, and RELATION TO JUNCTION
(b) equals 20,
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals
01 or 11,
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals
01 or 11,

THEN
TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION should
equal 2, 3 for at least one vehicle
involved in the first harmful event.
TYPE OF INTERSECTION should equal
98, 99.
UNIT TYPE for VEHICLE NUMBER
(OTHER VEHICLE) involved in the first
harmful event must not equal 3.
CRASH TYPE should equal 06-10, 98 or
99 for the in-transport vehicles involved
in the first harmful event.
TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION must
equal 6 for at least one vehicle involved
in the first harmful event.
UNIT TYPE for VEHICLE NUMBER
(THIS VEHICLE) involved in the first
harmful event must equal 1.
UNIT TYPE for VEHICLE NUMBER
(OTHER VEHICLE) involved in the first
harmful event should equal 1 or 4.

2015

C23
IF
(257P)
(42AP)

(440F)

(450F)

(460F)

(470F)

(480F)

(490F)

(530F)

(531F)

2015

THEN

RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals
05,

UNIT TYPE for VEHICLE NUMBER
(OTHER VEHICLE) involved in the first
harmful event must equal 1, 3 or 4.
NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLES
CRITICAL EVENT – PRECRASH
FORMS SUBMITTED equals 001, and (EVENT) should equal 01-06, 08-14 or
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals 19.
02, 04, 06-08, and ATTEMPTED
AVOIDANCE MANEUVER equals 00
or 01,
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
there must be at least one Person Level
08, 09, 15, and RELATION TO
(Not a MV Occupant) form with NONMOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME OF
TRAFFICWAY equals 01,
CRASH equal to 01-03, 09-11, 13, 16,
23, 98 or 99.
there must be at least one Person Level
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
(Not a MV Occupant) form with NON08, 09, 15, and RELATION TO
MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME OF
TRAFFICWAY equals 07,
CRASH equal to 14.
there must be at least one Person Level
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
(Not a MV Occupant) form with NON08, 09, 15, and RELATION TO
MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME OF
TRAFFICWAY equals 02,
CRASH equal to 02, 20.
there must be at least one Person Level
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
(Not a MV Occupant) form with NON08, 09, 15, and RELATION TO
MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME OF
TRAFFICWAY equals 03, 08, 10,
CRASH equal to 20, 22, 98, 99.
there must be at least one Person Level
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
(Not a MV Occupant) form with NON08, 09, 15, and RELATION TO
MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME OF
TRAFFICWAY equals 04, 06,
CRASH equal to 09, 16, 20, 21, 24, 25,
28, 98, 99.
there must be at least one Person Level
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
(Not a MV Occupant) form with NON08, 09, 15, and RELATION TO
MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME OF
TRAFFICWAY equals 05,
CRASH equal to 24, 25.
there must be at least one Person Level
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
(Not a MV Occupant) form with NON08, 09, 15, and RELATION TO
MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME OF
TRAFFICWAY equals 99,
CRASH equal to 09, 98, 99.
there must be at least one Person Level
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
(Not a MV Occupant) form with NON08, 09, 15, and RELATION TO
MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME OF
TRAFFICWAY equals 11,
CRASH equal to 11.

147

C23
IF
(580F)

FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 14,
and RELATED FACTORS - PERSON
(MV OCCUPANT) LEVEL does not
equal 32, 89 for at least one occupant
in the not in-transport motor vehicle
involved in the first harmful event,
(730P) RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals
07,
(770P) RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals
07,
(772P) RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals
07,
(77DP) RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals
07, and RELATION TO JUNCTION
(a) equals 1,
(780P) RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals
10,
(A1E0) RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals
19,
(A1E1) RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals
20,
(A131) RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals
02, 04, 06, 16, 17 or 20,
(A141) RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals
18,
(A380) FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 01
and this vehicle is involved in the first
harmful event, and BODY TYPE does
not equal 80-89 for this vehicle, and
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals
_____,
(A390) FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 17,
19-21, 23-26, 30-35, 38-43, 52, 53,
57,
(A421) FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 24,
25, 30, 33, 34, 35, 40, 46, 52, 57, 59,
(A4B0) CRASH TYPE equals 01-10 or 14

(A4B2) CRASH TYPE equals 11,

148

THEN
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY should
not equal 01.

RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY must not
equal 04-07, 10, 11, 99.
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) must
equal 01, 03, 08, 19, 98, 99.
RELATION TO JUNCTION (a) must not
equal 1.
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) should
not equal 03, 08.
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) must not
equal 02, 04, 08.
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY must not
equal 01, 05, 11, 98, 99.
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY must
equal 01.
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY must
equal 01.
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY must
equal 01 or 11.
LOCATION OF ROLLOVER should
equal _____ respectively.

RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY should
not equal 01, 02, 07, 11.
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY should
equal 03, 04, 08 or 10.
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY must
not equal 01, 02, 07 or 11. If the first
harmful event occurs on a different
road than the road it departed, see 98
(Other Crash Type).
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY must
not equal 01, 03, 04, 05, 08, 10 or 11.

2015

C23
IF
(A4B3) CRASH TYPE equals 12 or 13,
(A4B4) CRASH TYPE equals 12 or 13,
(A610)

(A800)

RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals
01, and RELATION TO JUNCTION
(b) equals 05,
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
08, 09, 11, 15, 49, and RELATION TO
TRAFFICWAY equals 01, 02, 07, 11,
and PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT
(PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF
CRITICAL EVENT) is not equal to 00,
13 for the vehicle involved in the first
harmful event,
CRASH TYPE equals 06-10, and
TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION equals
3,
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 18
43 or 73, and RELATION TO
TRAFFICWAY equals 01 or 11,
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 46,

(A801)

FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 12,

(A881)

RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals
11,
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals
07,
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals
07,
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN for a
person involved in the first harmful
event equals 311, 312 or 313,
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN for a
person involved in the first harmful
event equals 510, 520 or 590,
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals
02-08 or 10,

(A61F)

(A620)
(A62F)

(A882)
(A883)
(PB05)

(PB12)

(PC20)

2015

THEN
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY must
not equal 03, 05, 08 or 10.
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY should
not equal 4 unless the First Harmful
Event occurs in a bicycle lane.
TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION should
equal 6 for at least one vehicle involved
in the first harmful event.
CRASH TYPE should equal 13 for the
vehicle involved in the first harmful
event.

RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY should
equal 03.
CRASH TYPE should equal 12 or 15 for
the vehicle involved in the first harmful
event.
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY should
not equal 01, 02, 05, 07, 11.
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY must
not equal 5.
TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION should
equal 5 for at least one vehicle.
ROUTE SIGNING should not equal 1.
LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
SYSTEM (b) should not equal 01.
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY must
equal 01 or 11. Note: this edit is
restricted to vehicles which are involved
in only one event with pedestrian(s).
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY must not
equal 01 or 11. Note: this edit is
restricted to vehicles which are involved
in only one event with pedestrian(s).
PRE-IMPACT LOCATION of the
vehicle(s) involved in the first harmful
event should equal 0, 4, 5 or 9.

149

C23
IF
(PC30)

(PC40)

150

PRE-IMPACT LOCATION for a
vehicle involved in the first harmful
event equals 4, 5, and RELATION TO
JUNCTION (b) does not equal 04,
05,
PRE-IMPACT LOCATION for a
vehicle involved in the first harmful
event equals 1-3, 6,

THEN
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY should
not equal 01 or 11.

RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY should
equal 01 or 11.

2015

C23

2015

151

C23

152

2015

C24

WORK ZONE
FORMAT: 1 numeric
SAS NAME: Accident.Wrk_Zone
ELEMENT VALUES:
0
1
2
3
4

None
Construction
Maintenance
Utility
Work Zone, Type Unknown

Definition: This data element captures that this was a “Work Zone Accident” as defined in
ANSI D16.1, 7th Edition. If the crash qualifies as a "Work Zone Accident" then the type of
work activity is identified.
Remarks:
If the crash is a work zone crash, work zone type must be clearly distinguished within the case
materials; otherwise 4 (Work Zone, Type Unknown) should be used.
The use of these codes does not imply that the crash was caused by the construction,
maintenance or utility activity.
Work Zone:
A work zone is defined as an area of a trafficway where construction, maintenance or utility
work activities are identified by warning signs/signals/ indicators, including those on transport
devices (e.g., signs, flashing lights, channelizing devices, barriers, pavement markings,
flagmen, warning signs and arrow boards mounted on the vehicles in a mobile maintenance
activity) that mark the beginning and end of a construction, maintenance or utility work activity.
It extends from the first warning sign, signal or flashing lights to the END ROAD WORK sign or
the last traffic control device pertinent for that work activity. Work zones also include roadway
sections where there is ongoing, moving (mobile) work activity such as lane line painting or
roadside mowing only if the beginning of the ongoing, moving (mobile) work activity is
designated by warning signs or signals.
Work Zone Crash:
A work zone crash is a motor vehicle traffic crash in which the first harmful event occurs within
the boundaries of a work zone or on an approach to or exit from a work zone, resulting from an
activity, behavior or control related to the movement of the traffic units through the work zone.

2015

153

C24
See 7th Edition of ANSI D16.1 definitions of “Work Zone” and “Work Zone Accident” for
inclusions and exclusions.
To determine which attribute is appropriate, the duration of the work must be considered. If
the work is short-term (i.e., takes less than one period of daylight and is not performed during
hours of darkness), 2 (Maintenance) or 3 (Utility) are applicable. If the maintenance or utility
work is long-term, 1 (Construction) must be used.
0 (None) is used when there is no indication that the crash is a work zone crash as defined
above.
1 (Construction) is used when the available information indicates that there is long-term
stationary construction such as building a new bridge, adding travel lanes to the roadway,
extending an existing trafficway, etc. Highway construction includes construction of
appurtenances such as guardrails or ditches, surveying activity, installation of utilities within
the right-of-way, etc.
2 (Maintenance) is used when the available information indicates that there are work
activities, including moving work activities, such as striping the roadway, median and roadside
grass mowing/landscaping, pothole repair, snowplowing, etc., where there are warning signs
or signals marking the beginning of the moving work area.
3 (Utility) is used when the available information indicates that there is short-term stationary
work such as repairing/maintaining electric, gas, water lines or traffic signals. The utility
company must perform the work.
4 (Work Zone, Type Unknown) is used when there is insufficient information to distinguish
between 1 (Construction), 2 (Maintenance) or 3 (Utility).
Consistency Checks:
IF

THEN

(A293)

WORK ZONE equals 1-3, and
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals
02, 03,

(A294)

WORK ZONE equals 1-3, and
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals
01, 04, 05, 08, 17-19,

(A470)

WORK ZONE equals 0, and
TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION equals
1-3, 5,
SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals 45,

TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE should
equal 01-03, 20, 40, 97 or 98 for the
vehicle(s) involved in the first harmful
event.
TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE should
equal 00, 21, 28, 40, 50, 97 or 98 for the
vehicle(s) involved in the first harmful
event.
TOTAL LANES IN ROADWAY should
not equal 1.

(AL2P)

154

WORK ZONE should equal 1-4.

2015

C25

LIGHT CONDITION
FORMAT: 1 numeric
SAS NAME: Accident.LGT_COND
ELEMENT VALUES:
1
2
3
6
4
5
7
8
9

Daylight
Dark - Not Lighted
Dark - Lighted
Dark - Unknown Lighting
Dawn
Dusk
Other
Not Reported
Unknown

Definition: This element records the type/level of light that existed at the time of the crash as
reported in the case materials.
Remarks:
2 (Dark - Not Lighted) is used when the available information describes a condition where no
“natural” light exists and no overhead “man-made” lighting is present on the roadway where
the crash occurs.
3 (Dark - Lighted) is used when the available information describes a condition where no
“natural” light exists but there is overhead “man-made” lighting on the roadway where the
crash occurs. Lighted areas will generally include streets within cities or towns and some
interchange areas. This does not include lighting from store fronts, houses, parking lots, etc.
6 (Dark - Unknown Lighting) is used if it cannot be determined if 2 (Dark - Not Lighted) or 3
(Dark - Lighted) applies.
Sometimes the case materials will have conflicting information because more than one light
condition is indicated in the coded boxes and/or the narrative. If necessary, use the crash
time to aid in determing the “best” attribute.
4 (Dawn) describes the transition period going from “dark of night” to a daylight condition. This
is typically the 30-minute period before the sun rises.
5 (Dusk) describes the transition period going from a daylight condition to the “dark of night”.
This is typically the 30 minute period after the sun sets.

2015

155

C25
Rules for determining applicable attribute:
1. If 4 (Dawn) or 5 (Dusk) are marked then use the crash time to select either 4
(Dawn) or 5 (Dusk).
2. If 3 (Dark - Lighted) and 4 (Dawn) are marked then use 4 (Dawn).
3. If 3 (Dark - Lighted) and 5 (Dusk) are marked then use 5 (Dusk).
4. If Dark and 5 (Dusk) are marked then use 5 (Dusk).
5. If Dark and 4 (Dawn) are marked then use 4 (Dawn).
6. If more than 2 attributes are checked then use 9 (Unknown).
7 (Other) is used when the conditions above do not apply.
If a PAR data element is coded with the attribute “Other” but the officer does not specify
what this refers to:
1. Code 7 (Other) if the PAR attribute choices can be matched to or include all the
attributes in FARS/GES.
2. Code 8 (Not Reported) if the PAR choices cannot be matched to or include all the
attributes in FARS/GES.
8 (Not Reported)
If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable,
then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”.
Code 8 (Not Reported) in these two situations:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the information
to code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials)
2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case
materials).
9 (Unknown) is used when the investigating officer indicates that the lighting condition was
unknown.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(220P)
(2300)

156

LIGHT CONDITION equals 4, and
STATE is not equal to 02,
LIGHT CONDITION equals 5, and
STATE is not equal to 02,

THEN
CRASH TIME must equal 0300-0900,
9999.
CRASH TIME must equal 1600-2200,
9999.

2015

C25
IF
(A010)
(A020)
(A050)
(A060)
(U390)

2015

THEN

STATE equals 02, and LIGHT
CONDITION equals 4,
STATE equals 02, and LIGHT
CONDITION equals 5,
CRASH TIME equals 0900-1600,

CRASH TIME should equal 0300-1000,
9999.
CRASH TIME should equal 1500-2359,
9999.
LIGHT CONDITION should not equal
2-6.
CRASH TIME equals 2300-0400,
LIGHT CONDITION should not equal 1,
4, 5, 9.
UNLIKELY: LIGHT CONDITION equals 8.

157

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158

2015

C26

ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS
FORMAT: 2 numeric - occurring 2 times.
SAS NAME: Accident.Weather; Accident.Weather1; Accident.Weather2
ELEMENT VALUES:
00
01
10
02
03
12
04
11
05
06
07
08
98
99

No Additional Atmospheric Conditions
Clear
Cloudy
Rain
Sleet or Hail
Freezing Rain or Drizzle
Snow
Blowing Snow
Fog, Smog, Smoke
Severe Crosswinds
Blowing Sand, Soil, Dirt
Other
Not Reported
Unknown

Definition: This element identifies the prevailing atmospheric conditions that existed at the
time of the crash as recorded on the crash report form.
Remarks:
If the case materials indicate more than two atmospheric conditions, select the two conditions
that most affect visibility. If the case materials record a combination of attributes use two
atmospheric condition attributes to reflect this situation. (e.g. clear/cloudy would be recorded
as 01 (Clear) and 10 (Cloudy).)
Temperature is not an atmospheric condition for the purposes of this element.
When coding this element, do not interpret indication of Rain, Sleet or Snow as also
Cloudy. Cloudy must be explicitly stated in the case materials.
00 (No Additional Atmospheric Conditions) should only be used for the second
Atmospheric Condition subfield, when there is no second Atmospheric Condition listed on your
case materials.
01 (Clear) includes partial cloudiness if sunlight is not diminished. If your case materials
indicate no adverse conditions, use 01 (Clear).

2015

159

C26
10 (Cloudy) usually refers to “overcast” but may include partial cloudiness if light is
diminished.
02 (Rain) refers to precipitation other than snow, hail or sleet. Mist should be coded as 02
(Rain).
03 (Sleet or Hail) would apply to conditions where precipitation is falling as ice (sleet or hail)
12 (Freezing Rain or Drizzle) would apply when precipitation is falling as liquid (rain) and then
freezing on the roadway.
04 (Snow) is used when precipitation is falling as frozen flakes at the time of the crash.
11 (Blowing Snow) applies to snow that is falling and/or to snow that has fallen to the ground
and is set aloft by wind.
05 (Fog, Smog, Smoke) refers to a natural or man-made condition that causes reduced
visibility.
06 (Severe Crosswinds) refers to winds traveling at an angle with respect to the travel lanes
at velocities significant enough to create a risk that vehicles could be diverted from their path
or high profile vehicles could be blown over. These are winds that are strong enough to affect
vehicle stability.
07 (Blowing Sand, Soil, Dirt) refers to particulate matter set aloft by winds creating a
condition of reduced visibility which constitutes a hazard for vehicles operating in the area.
This attribute should be used for “dust storms.” This attribute should not be used in
conjunction with 06 (Severe Crosswinds) unless the winds are affecting vehicle stability in
addition to reducing visibility.
08 (Other) atmospheric conditions not described above.
If a PAR data element is coded with the attribute “Other” but the officer does not specify
what this refers to:
1. Code 08 (Other) if the PAR attribute choices can be matched to or include all the
attributes in FARS/GES.
2. Code 98 (Not Reported) if the PAR choices cannot be matched to or include all
the attributes in FARS/GES.
98 (Not Reported)
If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable,
then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”.

160

2015

C26
Code 98 (Not Reported) in these two situations:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the information

to code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials)
2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case
materials).
99 (Unknown) is used when police indicate unknown.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(A030)

CRASH MONTH equals 05-09,

(A1A0)

ROADWAY SURFACE CONDITIONS
equals 01 for a vehicle involved in the
first harmful event,
any ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS
equals 02-04, 11, 12,

(A510)
(AT00)
(AT10)
(AT20)
(AT30)
(AT40)

2015

THEN
ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS should
not equal 03, 04, 11, 12.
ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS should
not equal 02-04, 11, 12.

ROADWAY SURFACE CONDITIONS
should not equal 01, 07, 08, 99 for any
vehicle.
An ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS 01-08, 10-12, 98, 99 can be used only once
per crash.
the first ATMOSPHERIC
the second ATMOSPHERIC
CONDITIONS equals 99,
CONDITIONS must equal 00.
the first ATMOSPHERIC
the second ATMOSPHERIC
CONDITIONS equals 01-08, 10-12,
CONDITIONS must not equal 99.
99,
First ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS must not equal 00.
the first ATMOSPHERIC
the second ATMOSPHERIC
CONDITIONS equals 01,
CONDITIONS must equal 00 or 10.

161

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162

2015

C27

SCHOOL BUS RELATED
FORMAT: 1 numeric
SAS NAME: Accident.SCH_BUS, Person.SCH_BUS
ELEMENT VALUES:
0
1

No
Yes

Definition: This data element indicates if a school bus, or motor vehicle functioning as a
school bus, is related to the crash.
Remarks:
The “school bus” can be:
 with or without a passenger(s) on board
 involved as a contact motor vehicle, or
 indirectly involved as a non-contact motor vehicle
A school bus is a motor vehicle used for the transportation of any school pupil at or below the
12th-grade level to or from a public or private school or school-related activity. A motor vehicle
is not a school bus while on trips which involve the transportation exclusively of other
passengers or exclusively for other purposes.
A motor vehicle is a school bus only if it is externally identifiable by the following
characteristics:
1.
2.
3.
4.

Its color is yellow
The words “school bus” appear on the front and rear
Flashing red lights are located on the front and rear
Lettering on both sides identifies the school or school district served, or the company
operating the bus

0 (No) is used when there is no indication of a school bus, or motor vehicle functioning as a
school bus, being involved in the crash.
1 (Yes) is used when there is any indication that a school bus, or vehicle functioning as a
school bus, is involved in any component of the crash.
For directly involved or contacted vehicles, 1 (Yes) must be selected if the Special Use data
element equals 02 (Vehicle Used as a School Bus).

2015

163

C27
To capture those instances where the vehicle is involved indirectly (non-contact vehicle) the
following rules apply:


If the case materials indicate “School Bus” the assumption is that the Law Enforcement
agency conformed to the definition of school bus, thus 1 (Yes) School Bus Related.



If there is no indication that a school bus was indirectly involved 0 (No) must be
selected.

Examples of School Bus Related (indirectly):
1. A police reported “school bus” stops on the roadway. Subsequently an approaching
motor vehicle swerves to avoid the stopped bus and contacts another motor vehicle
head-on.
2. A police report indicates that a “child” exited a “school bus” and was crossing in front of
the stopped bus when a vehicle passed the bus on the left side and struck the child.
3. A line of cars is stopped for a school bus which is discharging passengers. A motor
vehicle approaches and is unable to stop in time and strikes the last stopped motor
vehicle in the line.
Examples of NOT School Bus Related:
1. An empty school bus, having completed its route, is parked along side the road. A
motor vehicle approaching from the rear loses control and strikes the bus.
2. A “Bus” is reported as stopped in traffic and a vehicle swerves to avoid the bus and
contacts another vehicle. In this example, there is no positive indication of a “school
bus” being involved.
Consistency Checks:

(3D0P)
(PB22)
(PB23)

164

THEN

SPECIAL USE for any vehicle equals
02,
SCHOOL BUS RELATED equals 1,
and PERSON TYPE equals 05 or 08,
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN equals
342, and PERSON TYPE equals 05 or
08,

SCHOOL BUS RELATED must equal 1.
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH
TYPE - PEDESTRIAN should equal 342.
SCHOOL BUS RELATED should equal
1.

2015

C27
IF
(V330)

SCHOOL BUS RELATED equals 1,

(V440)

BODY TYPE equals 50,

2015

THEN
BODY TYPE of at least one of the
involved vehicles should equal 50
(School Bus), or SPECIAL USE for at
least one involved vehicle should equal
02 - Vehicle Used as School Bus, and
BUS USE for at least one vehicle should
equal 01.
SCHOOL BUS RELATED should equal
1.

165

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166

2015

C28

RAIL GRADE CROSSING IDENTIFIER
(FARS Only)

FORMAT: 6 numeric followed by 1 alphabetic
SAS NAME: Accident.RAIL
ELEMENT VALUES:
0000000 Not Applicable
nnnnnnA Six Numeric, Followed by One Alphabetic Valid F.R.A. Codes
9999999 Unknown
Definition: This element identifies if the crash occurred in or near a Rail Grade Crossing.
Remarks:
Code complete identifier. The format must always be six numbers followed by a letter. (Two
exceptions: 0000000 (Not Applicable) and 9999999 (Unknown).)
Identifiers are obtainable from your Federal Railroad Administration representative.
0000000 (Not Applicable) is used for crashes that do not involve a rail grade crossing.
Code when any part of the crash occurs at a rail grade crossing. Include crashes in which a
vehicle is waiting at a rail grade crossing but does not necessarily travel over the tracks.
Inform your COTR if you have any problems obtaining identifiers.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(1Y0P)
(650P)
(750P)

2015

RELATION TO JUNCTION(b) equals
06,
TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE equals
65 for any vehicle,
RELATION TO JUNCTION(b) equals
07,

THEN
RAIL GRADE CROSSING IDENTIFIER
must not equal 0000000.
RAIL GRADE CROSSING IDENTIFIER
must not equal 0000000.
RAIL GRADE CROSSING IDENTIFIER
must equal 0000000.

167

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168

2015

C29

NOTIFICATION TIME EMS
(FARS Only)

FORMAT: 4 numeric
SAS NAME: Accident.NOT_HOUR; Accident.NOT_MIN
ELEMENT VALUES:
8888
0000-2359
0099-2399
9998
9999

Not Applicable (Not Notified)
Valid Military Times
Known Hours but Unknown Minutes
Unknown if Notified
Unknown EMS Notification Time

Definition: Notification Time EMS is the time Emergency Medical Service was notified.
Remarks:
Every effort should be made to determine the Notification Time EMS, Arrival Time EMS, and
EMS Time At Hospital.
Code the official EMS times as received. Do not alter the times because of discrepancies
with the crash time.
All EMS time formats are in hours and minutes. If you receive an EMS time that includes the
seconds’ position, truncate to the reported minutes. Example: 10:51:35 would be 10:51.
If the day of the crash and the day of EMS Notification have different dates, then be sure to
use the 18 (Date of Crash and Date of EMS Notification Were Not the Same Day) in
Related Factors-Crash Level. Code Notification Time EMS and Arrival Time EMS no matter
how much time has elapsed since the Crash Time.
8888 (Not Applicable [Not Notified])
Enter this code only if EMS was never notified as part of an emergency transport.
 If it is known that EMS transport was called for non-emergency transport
purposes (e.g., to transport a body to the morgue) then use this code.
 DO NOT use this code if the EMS was officially canceled. Cancellation is coded under
Arrival Time EMS and EMS Time At Hospital.
 If the EMS was notified then canceled, code the actual notification time and 9997
(Officially Canceled) under ARRIVAL TIME EMS and EMS TIME AT HOSPITAL.

2015

169

C29
0000 - 2359 (Valid Military Times), 0099 - 2399 (Known Hours but Unknown Minutes)
Code Notification Time of the first EMS unit to arrive on the scene. If unknown minutes, code
the actual hour and “99” for the minutes. Code midnight as “0000.” One minute after midnight
is coded “0001.” See remarks “How to Code Midnight” under Crash Time.
9998 (Unknown if Notified)
Enter this attribute if you cannot determine whether or not any EMS was ever notified.
9999 (Unknown EMS Notification Time)
Enter this attribute if EMS was notified but the time of notification is unknown.
Helicopters that transport victims to treatment facilities are coded as EMS units, but not police
who may be trained to render emergency aid. This guidance is not meant to exclude
helicopters that are used to transport victims for treatment that may be owned by police
departments.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(A070)

NOTIFICATION TIME EMS is not
8888, 9998 or 9999,

(A540)

NOTIFICATION TIME EMS is not
8888, 9998, or 9999, and ARRIVAL
TIME EMS is not 8888, 9997, 9998,
9999,
NOTIFICATION TIME EMS is not
8888, 9998, or 9999, and EMS TIME
AT HOSPITAL is not 8888, 9997,
9998, 9999,
NOTIFICATION TIME EMS equals
9998,

(A560)

(E01P)
(E03P)

ARRIVAL TIME EMS equals 8888,

(E04P)

NOTIFICATION TIME EMS equals
8888,
ARRIVAL TIME EMS equals 9997,

(E07P)
(E08P)

170

NOTIFICATION TIME EMS is not
8888, 9998, and EMS TIME AT
HOSPITAL is not 8888, 9996, 9997,
9998,

THEN
NOTIFICATION TIME EMS should not
be more than 120 minutes later than
CRASH TIME.
ARRIVAL TIME EMS should not be
more than 120 minutes later than
NOTIFICATION TIME EMS.
EMS TIME AT HOSPITAL should not be
more than 180 minutes later than
NOTIFICATION TIME EMS.
ARRIVAL TIME EMS must equal 9998,
and EMS TIME AT HOSPITAL must
equal 8888 or 9998.
NOTIFICATION TIME EMS and EMS
TIME AT HOSPITAL must equal 8888.
ARRIVAL TIME EMS and EMS TIME AT
HOSPITAL must equal 8888.
NOTIFICATION TIME EMS must not
equal 8888, 9998.
ARRIVAL TIME EMS must not equal
9997 or 9998.

2015

C29
IF
(P093)

2015

all persons TRANSPORTED TO
FIRST MEDICAL FACILITY BY
equals 2, 4,

THEN
NOTIFICATION TIME EMS, ARRIVAL
TIME EMS, EMS TIME AT HOSPITAL
must equal 8888.

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172

2015

C30

ARRIVAL TIME EMS
(FARS Only)

FORMAT: 4 numeric
SAS NAME: Accident.ARR_HOUR; Accident.ARR_MIN
ELEMENT VALUES:
8888
0000-2359
0099-2399
9997
9998
9999

Not Applicable (Not Notified)
Valid Military Times
Known Hours but Unknown Minutes
Officially Canceled
Unknown if Arrived
Unknown EMS Scene Arrival Time

Definition: Arrival Time EMS is the time Emergency Medical Service arrived on the crash
scene.
Remarks:
This excludes any transport by anyone other than EMS. (Example: Law Enforcement or
POV).
Every effort should be made to determine the Notification Time EMS, Arrival Time EMS, and
EMS Time At Hospital.
Code the official EMS times as received. Do not alter the times because of discrepancies
with the crash time.
All EMS time formats are in hours and minutes. If you receive an EMS time that includes the
seconds’ position, truncate to the reported minutes. Example: 10:51:35 would be 10:51.
Code Notification Time EMS and Arrival Time EMS no matter how much time has elapsed
since the Crash Time.
8888 Not Applicable [Not Notified])
Enter this attibute only if EMS was never notified. DO NOT use this code if the EMS was
notified then canceled.

2015

173

C30
0000 - 2359 (Valid Military Times), 0099 - 2399 (Known Hours but Unknown Minutes)
Code the arrival time of the first EMS unit to arrive on the scene. If unknown minutes, code the
actual hour and “99” for the minutes. Code midnight as “0000.” One minute after midnight is
coded “0001”. See remarks “How to Code Midnight” under Crash Time.
9997 (Officially Canceled)
Enter this attribute if EMS was officially canceled.
9998 (Unknown if Arrived)
Enter this attribute if there is no indication of official cancellation, but there is uncertainty or
doubt that EMS ever arrived on the scene or not.
9999 (Unknown EMS Scene Arrival Time)
Enter this code if EMS did arrive on scene, but the time of arrival is unknown.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(A540)

(A550)

(E01P)

NOTIFICATION TIME EMS is not
8888, 9998, or 9999, and ARRIVAL
TIME EMS is not 8888, 9997, 9998,
9999,
ARRIVAL TIME EMS is not 8888,
9997, 9998, or 9999, and EMS TIME
AT HOSPITAL is not 8888, 9997,
9998, 9999,
NOTIFICATION TIME EMS equals
9998,

(E02P)

ARRIVAL TIME EMS equals 9998,

(E03P)

ARRIVAL TIME EMS equals 8888,

(E04P)

(E06P)

NOTIFICATION TIME EMS equals
8888,
EMS TIME AT HOSPITAL equals
9997,
ARRIVAL TIME EMS equals 9997,

(E07P)

ARRIVAL TIME EMS equals 9997,

(E05P)

174

THEN
ARRIVAL TIME EMS should not be
more than 120 minutes later than
NOTIFICATION TIME EMS.
EMS TIME AT HOSPITAL should not be
more than 60 minutes later than
ARRIVAL TIME EMS.
ARRIVAL TIME EMS must equal 9998,
and EMS TIME AT HOSPITAL must
equal 8888 or 9998.
EMS TIME AT HOSPITAL must equal
8888 or 9998.
NOTIFICATION TIME EMS and EMS
TIME AT HOSPITAL must equal 8888.
ARRIVAL TIME EMS and EMS TIME AT
HOSPITAL must equal 8888.
ARRIVAL TIME EMS must equal 9997.
EMS TIME AT HOSPITAL must equal
9997.
NOTIFICATION TIME EMS must not
equal 8888, 9998.

2015

C30
IF
(E08P)

(P093)

2015

NOTIFICATION TIME EMS is not
8888, 9998, and EMS TIME AT
HOSPITAL is not 8888, 9996, 9997,
9998,
all persons TRANSPORTED TO
FIRST MEDICAL FACILITY BY
equals 2, 4,

THEN
ARRIVAL TIME EMS must not equal
9997 or 9998.
NOTIFICATION TIME EMS, ARRIVAL
TIME EMS, EMS TIME AT HOSPITAL
must equal 8888.

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176

2015

C31

EMS TIME AT HOSPITAL
(FARS Only)

FORMAT: 4 numeric
SAS NAME: Accident.HOSP_HR; Accident.HOSP_MN
ELEMENT VALUES:
8888
0000-2359
0099-2399
9996
9997
9998
9999

Not Applicable (Not Transported)
Valid Military Times
Known Hours but Unknown Minutes
Terminated Transport
Officially Canceled
Unknown if Transported
Unknown EMS Hospital Arrival Time

Definition: EMS Time At Hospital is the time Emergency Medical Service arrived at the
treatment facility to which it was transporting victims of the crash.
Remarks:
This excludes any transport by anyone other than EMS. (Example: Law Enforcement or
POV).
Every effort should be made to determine the Notification Time EMS, Arrival Time EMS, and
EMS Time At Hospital.
Code the official EMS times as received. Do not alter the times because of discrepancies
with the crash time.
All EMS time formats are in hours and minutes. If you receive an EMS time that includes the
seconds’ position, truncate to the reported minutes. Example: 10:51:35 would be 10:51.
Questions arise when there is more than one EMS unit or when there is more than one injured
person. Code EMS Time At Hospital according to the following guidelines:
8888 (Not Applicable [Not Transported])
Use this attribute if all the injuries are on-scene fatalities (no one is transported for treatment.)
Also use this attribute if there are live victims, but no one is transported to a treatment facility
by EMS.

2015

177

C31
0000 - 2359 (Valid Military Time), 0099 - 2399 (Known Hours but Unknown Minutes)
Code the EMS time at hospital of the unit transporting the most severely injured victim. The
most severely injured victim includes (and usually is) the victim who dies en route to the
treatment facility or later, but not the one who dies on-scene.
If unknown minutes, code the actual hour and “99” for the minutes. Code midnight as “0000.”
One minute after midnight is coded “0001.” See remarks. “How to Code Midnight” under
Crash Time.
9996 (Terminated Transport)
Enter this attribute if there is indication that EMS was notified, arrived at the scene but while in
transit terminated the trip to hospital because the person died en route. This attribute should
not be used when there is a hospital arrival time available for a person dead on arrival at the
hospital.
9997 (Officially Canceled)
Enter this attribute if EMS was officially canceled before on scene.
9998 (Unknown if Transported)
Enter this attribute if there is no indication of official cancellation, but there is un-certainty or
doubt that any victims were transported for treatment or not.
9999 (Unknown EMS Hospital Arrival Time)
Enter this attribute if EMS transported victims for treatment, but the time of arrival at the
hospital or treatment facility is unknown.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(A550)

(A551)
(A560)

178

ARRIVAL TIME EMS is not 8888,
9997, 9998, or 9999, and EMS TIME
AT HOSPITAL is not 8888, 9997,
9998, 9999,
EMS TIME AT HOSPITAL equals
8888, 9997, 9998,
NOTIFICATION TIME EMS is not
8888, 9998, or 9999, and EMS TIME
AT HOSPITAL is not 8888, 9997,
9998, 9999,

THEN
EMS TIME AT HOSPITAL should not be
more than 60 minutes later than
ARRIVAL TIME EMS.
TRANSPORTED TO FIRST MEDICAL
FACILITY BY should not equal 1, 3, 5 for
any PERSON.
EMS TIME AT HOSPITAL should not be
more than 180 minutes later than
NOTIFICATION TIME EMS.

2015

C31
IF
(E01P)

NOTIFICATION TIME EMS equals
9998,

(E02P)

ARRIVAL TIME EMS equals 9998,

(E03P)

ARRIVAL TIME EMS equals 8888,

(E04P)

NOTIFICATION TIME EMS equals
8888,
EMS TIME AT HOSPITAL equals
9997,
ARRIVAL TIME EMS equals 9997,

(E05P)
(E06P)
(E08P)

(P091)
(P093)
(P510)
(P530)
(P54P)

2015

NOTIFICATION TIME EMS is not
8888, 9998, and EMS TIME AT
HOSPITAL is not 8888, 9996, 9997,
9998,
TRANSPORTED TO FIRST
MEDICAL FACILITY BY equals 1, 3,
5,
all persons TRANSPORTED TO
FIRST MEDICAL FACILITY BY
equals 2, 4,
EMS TIME AT HOSPITAL equals
8888, 9997, 9998,
EMS TIME AT HOSPITAL equals
9996,
DIED AT SCENE/EN ROUTE equals
8,

THEN
ARRIVAL TIME EMS must equal 9998,
and EMS TIME AT HOSPITAL must
equal 8888 or 9998.
EMS TIME AT HOSPITAL must equal
8888 or 9998.
NOTIFICATION TIME EMS and EMS
TIME AT HOSPITAL must equal 8888.
ARRIVAL TIME EMS and EMS TIME AT
HOSPITAL must equal 8888.
ARRIVAL TIME EMS must equal 9997.
EMS TIME AT HOSPITAL must equal
9997.
ARRIVAL TIME EMS must not equal
9997 or 9998.
EMS TIME AT HOSPITAL should not
equal 8888, 9997, 9998.
NOTIFICATION TIME EMS, ARRIVAL
TIME EMS, EMS TIME AT HOSPITAL
must equal 8888.
DIED AT SCENE/EN ROUTE should not
equal 8 for any PERSON.
DIED AT SCENE/EN ROUTE must
equal 8 for at least one person.
EMS TIME AT HOSPITAL should not
equal 8888, 9997, 9998.

179

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180

2015

C32

RELATED FACTORS – CRASH LEVEL
FORMAT: 2 numeric occurring 3 times
SAS NAME: Accident.CF1; Accident.CF2; Accident.CF3
ELEMENT VALUES:
00
*01
*02
03
*04
05
*06
07

None
Inadequate Warning of Exits, Lanes Narrowing, Traffic Controls, etc.
Shoulder Design or Condition
Other Maintenance or Construction-Created Condition
No or Obscured Pavement Marking
Surface Under Water
Inadequate Construction or Poor Design of Roadway, Bridge, etc.
Surface Washed Out (caved-in, road slippage)

Special Circumstances:
13
Aggressive Driving / Road Rage by Non-Contact Vehicle Driver
14
Motor Vehicle Struck by Falling Cargo, or Something That Came Loose From, Or
Something That was Set-in-Motion by a Vehicle.
15
Non-Occupant Struck by Falling Cargo, or Something That Came Loose From, or
Something that was Set-in-Motion by a Vehicle
16
Non-Occupant Struck Vehicle
17
Vehicle Set-in-Motion by Non-Driver
*18
Date of Crash and Date of EMS Notification Were Not the Same Day
19
Recent Previous Crash Scene Nearby
20
Police Pursuit Involved
21
Within Designated School Zone
*22
Speed Limit is a Statutory Limit as Recorded or was Determined as This State’s
“Basic Rule”
23
Indication of a Stalled/Disabled Vehicle
24
Unstabilized Situation Began and All Harmful Events Occurred Off of the Roadway
25
Toll Booth / Plaza Related
26
Backup Due to Prior Non-Recurring Incident
27
Backup Due to Prior Crash
28
Backup Due to Regular Congestion
99
Unknown
* FARS ONLY ATTRIBUTES
Definition: This element identifies factors related to the crash expressed by the investigating
officer.

2015

181

C32
Remarks:
Code information provided by the investigating officer in the narrative or contributing
factors/circumstances field on the crash report.
For attributes 01-07, if the officer states ‘the witness said," these should not be coded. Care
must be used in coding these attributes. The Police Accident Report (PAR) should state that
the environmental condition was a factor or existed at this location; cannot be inferred.
Attributes 13-28 - SPECIAL CIRCUMSTANCES, are exceptions to the prior remarks. These
are codes for unusual factors that occurred during the crash. If you can determine that any of
these factors did happen, then these codes should be used.
This element can be coded in conjunction with other elements even if similar information is
identified; for example, if a traffic control is temporarily down, it can be coded under both
DEVICE FUNCTIONING and RELATED FACTORS-CRASH LEVEL 01 (Inadequate Warning
of Exits, Lanes Narrowing, Traffic Controls, etc.).
In the case that more than three factors are identified, you may omit factors that are
coded/identifiable in other elements.
00 (None) is used when no applicable related factors are noted in the case materials.
Zero-fill all fields. Also, use 00 (None) to complete the remaining fields when you will be
recording less than three crash related factors. DO NOT leave any remaining fields blank.
*01 (Inadequate Warning of Exits, Lanes Narrowing, Traffic Controls, etc.) is used when
the case materials identify that there was inadequate warning provided to motorists
associated with the trafficway. In the case of more than three applicable factors, this
attribute takes precedence over 06 (Inadequate Design) and 03 (Other Maintenance or
Construction-Created Condition). Do not use this attribute in situations that would include
construction sites or work areas (see 03 (Other Maintenance or Construction-Created
Condition).
Examples include:




Inadequate warning due to obscured signs
Inadequate warning because signs were temporarily down
Lack of necessary signage (e.g., merge or diverge warning, downhill grade).

*02 (Shoulder Design or Condition) is used when the case materials identify problem
conditions pertaining to the actual design or condition of the shoulder. In the case of more
than three applicable factors, this attribute takes precedence over 06 (Inadequate Design)
and 03 (Other Maintenance or Construction-Created Condition).

182

2015

C32
Examples include:




Soft or collapsing shoulders
Inadequate shoulder width
Shoulder is at a different level from the roadway (e.g., drop-off, lifted, not flat).

03 (Other Maintenance or Construction-Created Condition) is used when the case
materials identify problem conditions pertaining to "inadequate maintenance" of the
roadway (e.g., potholes, ruts in roadway) or conditions cited by the officer that are related to
construction activity (e.g., addition of barricades, change in traffic patterns, merging lanes,
etc.)
*04 (No or Obscured Pavement Marking) is used when the case materials identify
problem conditions pertaining to any pavement marking situations. In the case of more
than three applicable factors, this attribute takes precedence over 06 (Inadequate Design)
and 03 (Other Maintenance or Construction-Created Condition).
Examples include:




New asphalt that has covered old pavement markings
Areas where pavement marking has worn off.
The case materials mention ice/snow/mud was obscuring the pavement markings.

05 (Surface Under Water) is used when the case materials identify that the roadway
surface is under water beyond normal accumulation (i.e., depth of water). Also use this
attribute when the case materials mention situations where the roadway is permanently
under water (i.e., fords). In the case of more than three applicable factors, this attribute
takes precedence over 06 (Inadequate Design or Poor Design of Roadway, Bridge, etc.)
and 03 (Other Maintenance or Construction-Created Condition).
*06 (Inadequate Construction or Poor Design of Roadway, Bridge, etc.) is used when the
case materials identify problems with the roadway design. This attribute does not
include shoulder-related situations, pavement marking situations or situations with inadequate
warnings (See attributes 01 (Inadequate Warning of Exits, Lanes Narrowing, Traffic
Controls, etc.), 02 (Shoulder Design or Condition) and 04 (No or Obscured Pavement
Marking)).
Examples include:




2015

Original design of the trafficway (i.e., roadway bridges, medians, guardrails, traffic
barriers) is poor
Blind intersections due to highway design, not due to visual obstructions (i.e.,
shrubbery) etc.
Improper banking
Lack of a lane for merging
183

C32


Inadequate road surface (dirt, gravel surfaces, etc.); however, this must not be inferred;
must be explicitly stated in police report as a “factor”

07 (Surface Washed Out [caved-in, road slippage]) is used when the case materials
identify the roadway was previously washed out, caved-in, or had slipped due to prior
events associated with the environment (e.g. flooding, earthquakes, etc.)
13 (Aggressive Driving/Road Rage by Non-Contact Vehicle Driver) is only used for
situations where the investigating officer indicates that a non-contact vehicle (“phantom
vehicle”) was being operated aggressively. The officer must use the term “Aggressive” in
describing a driver’s behavior. This can be indicated in the case materials under
related/contributing factors/circumstances or in the narrative. You may encounter the term
“Road Rage” used to describe aggressive driving behavior. Always be cautious with this term
as the two terms are not technically interchangeable. For contact vehicles, see Driver LevelRelated Factor 08 (Aggressive Driving/Road Rage).
14 (Motor Vehicle Struck by Falling Cargo, or Something That Came Loose From, Or
Something that was Set-In-Motion by a Vehicle) is used when the case materials identify
that a vehicle became a contact vehicle in the crash as a result of being struck by cargo
or objects that fell from another vehicle or by something that was set-in-motion by
another vehicle. The term “set-in-motion” generally applies to non-fixed or fixed
objects struck and propelled by a vehicle (including pedestrians or parked vehicles).
This can also include a circumstance where one vehicle overrides another and then
directs or controls the overridden vehicle’s movement.
Examples include:





Cargo falls from a truck (in-transport) and lands on another motor vehicle intransport or a parked vehicle.
A car runs off the roadway at an intersection, hits a stop sign and propels the
stop sign into a vehicle traveling on the intersecting roadway.
A motorcycle rider overturns in a curve, the rider is separated from the vehicle
and the rider slides across the centerline into a vehicle traveling in the opposing
lanes.
A tractor trailer overrides a passenger car and with the car still pinned under the
truck, the combined vehicles continue on to contact other objects.

15 (Non-Occupant Struck by Falling Cargo, or Something That Came Loose From, or
Something that was Set-in-Motion by a Vehicle) is used when the case materials identify
that a non-occupant (e.g. pedestrian, bicyclist, person on personal conveyance) was
struck by cargo or objects that fell from a motor vehicle or by something that was setin-motion by motor vehicle. The term “set-in-motion” generally applies to non-fixed or
fixed objects struck and propelled by a vehicle (including pedestrians or parked
vehicles).

184

2015

C32
Examples include:




Cargo falls from a truck (in-transport) and lands on a bicyclist on the shoulder.
A car runs off the roadway at an intersection, hits a stop sign and propels the
stop sign into skateboarder waiting to cross the intersection.
A car strikes a deer in the roadway and propels the deer into person jogging on
the sidewalk.

16 (Non-Occupant Struck Vehicle) is used when the case materials identify that a nonoccupant (e.g. pedestrian, bicyclist, person on personal conveyance) “struck” or “ran
into” a motor vehicle (usually the side or back of the vehicle). This does not include nonoccupants which are struck in the vehicle's path of travel.
Examples include:



A bicyclist runs into the mirror of a parked car and falls into the path of a motor
vehicle in-transport.
A runner collides with the side of a vehicle that comes to a sudden stop and the
runner is subsequently struck by another vehicle.

17 (Vehicle Set-In-Motion by Non-Driver) is used when the case materials identify the
crash involved a passenger's action.
Examples include:




Passenger shifting gears on the vehicle.
Passenger hitting the accelerator
Passenger turning the ignition key or hitting the ignition button.

NOTE: This attribute is different from Related Factors-Person Level 05 (Interfering With the
Driver).
*18 (Date of Crash and Date of EMS Notification Were Not the Same Day) is used when
the crash victim(s) is not discovered immediately or when the effects of the crash are not
immediately known.
19 (Recent Previous Crash Scene Nearby) is used when the case materials identify that
a previous crash somehow influenced or contributed to the occurrence of this crash.
Examples include:




2015

A change in the traffic patterns
An obstruction on the roadway
A reduction in traffic speed
Occupants and/or vehicles on the roadway
185

C32
20 (Police Pursuit Involved) is used when the case materials identify a police pursuit had
been initiated by the police and was active at the time of the crash. This attribute is also
used when a pursuit had been initiated and terminated, but the pursuit action is still related
to the crash. This applies for both air and ground pursuing vehicles. To identify the
individual(s) involved in the pursuit, please see Related Factors-Driver Level for 37 (Police
Pursuing this Driver or Police Officer in Pursuit).)
Definition of Police Pursuit: A pursuit is an event that is initiated when a law enforcement
officer, operating an authorized emergency vehicle, gives notice to stop (either through the use
of visual or audible emergency signals or a combination of emergency devices) to a motorist
who the officer is attempting to apprehend, and that motorist fails to comply with the signal by
either maintaining his/her speed, increasing speed, or taking other evasive action to elude the
officer’s continued attempts to stop the motorist. A pursuit is terminated when the motorist
stops, or when the attempt to apprehend is discontinued by the officer or at the direction of a
competent authority.
21 (Within Designated School Zone) is used when the case materials identify the crash
occurred in an area signed or marked as a "School Zone". This may or may not be a schoolbus-related. "School Zones" are zones near or at a school which exist during months and
hours when zone signing is in effect.
*22 (Speed Limit is a Statutory Limit as Recorded or was Determined as This State's
"Basic Rule") is used when the case materials identify there is no posted speed limit but
the state law sets the maximum speed limit on a local road or street.
23 (Indication of a Stalled/Disable Vehicle) is used when the case materials identify that
a stalled or mechanically disabled vehicle was somehow related to the crash. It includes
both contact and non-contact vehicles that are stalled/disabled for mechanical reasons not
due to crash-related damage.
Examples include:



A pedestrian is struck when walking from their stalled vehicle.
A vehicle is stalled in the travel lanes causing another vehicle to lose control and crash.

24 (Unstabilized Situation Began and All Harmful Events Occurred Off of the Roadway)
is used when the case materials identify the unstabilized situation began within the
trafficway but off the roadway and all harmful events occurred off the roadway.
Examples include:




186

A vehicle stopped on the roadside begins to accelerate to re-enter the roadway and
runs into a ditch and overturns.
An ATV is driving along the roadside and strikes a tree stump.
A vehicle strikes a pedestrian while driving down the road shoulder.

2015

C32
25 (Toll Booth/Plaza Related) is used when the case materials identify that the crash
occurred at or in the vicinity of a toll booth (manned or unmanned) or a toll plaza. These are
crashes that occur in the upstream approach to the toll booth/plaza area and continues as the
approach area (where the toll road begins to widen) leading up to the toll booths and in the
departure area where the road begins to narrow leading back to the normal number of lanes
comprising the toll road downstream departure area.
26 (Backup Due to Prior Non-Recurring Incident) is used when the case materials
identify that the crash occurred in or related to an area of the trafficway where there was
congestion on the roadway caused by an unusual and unplanned event.
Examples include:




A tractor trailer transporting a trailer designated as a Wide Load
Debris in the roadway causing a backup.
Backup due to traffic going to or coming from a funeral procession, sporting event,
parade or traffic signal outage.

27 (Backup Due to Prior Crash) is used when the case materials identify there was an
accumulation of traffic caused by vehicles slowing or stopping due to traffic flow being
impacted by a prior crash. The distance from the prior crash does not matter; only the
relevance to this crash.
28 (Back up Due to Regular Congestion) is used when the case materials identify the
crash occurred in or related to an area of trafficway where there was congestion due to heavy
traffic during rush hour.
99 (Unknown) is used when the circumstances surrounding the crash are unknown and
reported as Unknown by the investigating officer. In these circumstances, nine-fill all fields.
If 99 (Unknown) is used for any field, ALL fields must be Unknown. DO NOT leave any
remaining fields blank.
* FARS ONLY ATTRIBUTES
Consistency Checks:

(1A0P)
(1A1P)
(640F)

2015

THEN

RELATED FACTORS-CRASH LEVEL
equals 14,
RELATED FACTORS-CRASH LEVEL
equals 05,
TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE equals
23 for any vehicle,

NUMBER OF VEHICLE FORMS
SUBMITTED must be greater than 001.
ROADWAY SURFACE CONDITIONS
must equal 06 for at least one vehicle.
RELATED FACTORS-CRASH LEVEL
should equal 21.

187

C32
IF
(641F)

THEN

TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE should
not equal 00 for every vehicle.
(642F)
RELATED FACTORS-CRASH LEVEL
should not equal 21.
(840P)
all RELATED FACTORS-CRASH
LEVEL must equal 99.
(850P)
all RELATED FACTORS-CRASH
LEVEL must be 00. If the second
equals 00, then the third must also.
(860P) any RELATED FACTORS-CRASH
all RELATED FACTORS-CRASH
LEVEL is blank,
LEVEL must be blanks.
(870P) A RELATED FACTORS-CRASH LEVEL 01-07, 13-28 can be used only once per
crash.
(880F) RELATED FACTORS-CRASH LEVEL there must be a Person Level (Not a MV
Occupant) form with PERSON TYPE
equals 16,
equal to 04-08, 19.
(890F) RELATED FACTORS-CRASH LEVEL there must be a Person Level (Not a MV
Occupant) form with PERSON TYPE
equals 15,
equal to 04-08, 10, 19.
(8L8S) AREAS OF IMPACT (THIS VEHICLE) RELATED FACTORS-CRASH LEVEL
must equal 14.
equals 18 or 19 in the CRASH
EVENTS and the corresponding event
in that row equals 14, 45 or 54,
(8L8T) RELATED FACTORS-CRASH LEVEL there must exist at least one event in the
CRASH EVENTS where AREAS OF
equals 14,
IMPACT (THIS VEHICLE or OTHER
VEHICLE) equals 18 or 19 and the
corresponding event in that row equals
14, 45 or 54.
(8L8U) AREAS OF IMPACT (THIS VEHICLE) RELATED FACTORS-CRASH LEVEL
must equal 15.
equals 18 or 19 in the CRASH
EVENTS and the corresponding event
in that row equals 08, 09, 15, 49,
(8L8V) RELATED FACTORS-CRASH LEVEL there must exist at least one event in the
CRASH EVENTS where AREAS OF
equals 15,
IMPACT (THIS VEHICLE) equals 18 or
19, and the corresponding event in that
row equals 08-10, 15, 18 or 49.
one RELATED FACTORS-CRASH
(AM1P) FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 54
LEVEL must equal 14.
or 73, or SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
equals 54, 73 for any vehicle,
at least one RELATED FACTORS(D470) any RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER
CRASH LEVEL should equal 20.
LEVEL equals 37,

188

RELATED FACTORS-CRASH LEVEL
equals 21,
TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE equals
00 for any vehicle,
any RELATED FACTORS-CRASH
LEVEL equals 99,
the first RELATED FACTORSCRASH LEVEL equals 00,

2015

C32
IF
(D500)

VIOLATIONS CHARGED equals 05,

(PB63)

PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN equals
230,

2015

THEN
at least one RELATED FACTORSCRASH LEVEL should equal 20.
at least one RELATED FACTORS CRASH LEVEL should equal 19 or 23.

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2015

C33

INTERSTATE HIGHWAY
(GES Only)

FORMAT: 1 numeric
SAS NAME: Accident.Int_Hwy
ELEMENT VALUES:
0
1
9

No
Yes
Unknown

Definition: This element identifies whether or not the crash occurred on an interstate
highway. Interstate highway is a Federal Highway Administration classification.
Remarks:
The Interstate Highway System includes those trafficways that are within the national system
for interstate transport and defense purposes. Interstates typically have limited access and
multiple lanes of travel.
Crashes which occur on ramps leading to or away from an Interstate should be coded 1 (Yes).
Enter 0 (No) when the PAR indicates that the crash occurred on any of the following: US
Highway, State Highway, County Road, Township Road or Municipal Road.
Enter 1 (Yes) when the PAR indicates the crash occurred on an interstate highway. Some
PARs use a specific block to indicate interstate. Interstate can also be identified by the prefix
“I” used in the roadway name.
Consistency Checks (GES) Only:
IF
(A3G0)

(A3H0)

2015

191

C33
IF

THEN

(A3I0)

INTERSTATE HIGHWAY equals 1

(A3J0)

INTERSTATE HIGHWAY equals 1,
and RELATION TO JUNCTION (a)
equals 1, and RELATION TO
JUNCTION (b) is not equal to 03 or 05
or 20,
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 10, INTERSTATE HIGHWAY should not
equal 1.
TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE should
INTERSTATE HIGHWAY equals 1,
and RELATION TO JUNCTION (a)
not equal 01-03, 20, 23 or 65 for at least
equals 1, and RELATION TO
one vehicle involved in the first harmful
JUNCTION (b) is not equal to 03 or 05 event.
or 20,

(A3K0)
(A930)

192

RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) should
not equal 02, 04, 06, 08 or 16.
SPEED LIMIT should not equal 01-40
for at least one vehicle involved in the
first harmful event.

2015

C34

STRATUM
(GES Only)

FORMAT: 1 numeric
SAS NAME: Accident.Stratum
ELEMENT VALUES:
1
2
3
4
5
6

Category 1-Stratum L
Category 2
Category 3
Category 4
Category 1-Stratum M
Category 1-Stratum N

Definition: The number of the category in which the PAR was originally listed in GES PAR
Program or Stratification Record.
Remarks:
Only NASS crashes are included in the GES. See the current NASS GES Researcher's
Manual, for the definition of a NASS crash.
Categories 1-Stratum L, M and N apply if the NASS crash involves at least one “passenger
vehicle” (i.e., a passenger car, sport utility vehicle, van, or pickup truck) which is “towed” (i.e.,
towed from the crash scene due to damage). Crashes involving medium or heavy trucks are
excluded from these categories.
Category 1-Stratum L is used if an occupant of a towed, passenger vehicle is killed. Stratum
L also applies when the crash involves one passenger vehicle, the passenger vehicle is towed
and one of the occupants receives an A injury and is transported to a medical facility for
treatment or the crash involves two or more passenger vehicles, at least two passenger
vehicles are towed and one of the occupants of the towed passenger vehicles receives an A
injury and is transported to a medical facility for treatment.
Category 1-Stratum M is used if the NASS crash does not qualify for Category 1-Stratum L,
but at least one occupant of a towed passenger vehicle is injured and transported to a medical
facility for treatment.
Category 1-Stratum N is used if the NASS crash does not qualify for Category 1-Stratum L
or Category 1-Stratum M, but a passenger vehicle is towed and no medium or heavy trucks
are involved.

2015

193

C34
Category 2 applies if the NASS crash does not qualify for Category 1-Stratum L, M or N; but
involves at least one medium or heavy truck and either a vehicle which is towed due to
damage or at least one involved person which has a police reported injury of “K”, “A”, “B”, or
“C.”
Category 3 applies if the NASS crash does not qualify for Category 1-Stratum L, M or N or
Category 2; none of the vehicles involved in the crash are medium or heavy trucks and at
least one person involved in the crash has a police reported injury of “K”, “A”, or “B.”
Category 4 applies if the crash does not qualify for Category 1-Stratum L, M or N; Category
2 or Category 3. Further clarification: No one in the crash can receive a “K”, “A” or “B” injury.
A person can receive a C injury only if there are no medium/heavy trucks involved in the crash.
Stabilization:
At times, one police report will contain more than one crash. This will happen when events
constituting a crash have stabilized (ANSI D16.1 1996, Section 2.4.4) and units involved in the
first sequence are subsequently involved in another crash sequence which is recorded on the
same police report. If more than one crash is recorded on a police report, based on the ANSI
definition of stabilized, then use the following protocol to determine which of the crashes to
code.
First, identify all NASS crashes. Exclude from consideration those which are not NASS
crashes.
Second, select the situation (A, B, or C below) which is applicable to the PAR under
consideration and follow the protocol provided.
Situation A
If exactly one crash qualifies for Category 1-Stratum L, M or N; choose this crash to code.
Situation B
If more than one crash qualifies for Categories 1-Stratum L, M and N; follow the 2 steps
below to select the crash to code. Ignore all crashes not applicable to Categories 1-Stratum
L, M and N.
(1) If more than one crash is classified as L, M or N; choose L over M, M over N.
(2) If there are two or more crashes of the same classification (e.g., two crashes are classified
in Category 1-Stratum N), then the criteria below apply:
(a) If injury is involved and the relative degree of injury between crashes can be determined,
the crash with the highest injury severity is chosen.

194

2015

C34
(b) If injury is involved and the relative degree of injury between crashes is approximately
equal, the first of the highest equal injury crashes is chosen.
(c) If injury is involved and the relative degree of injury between crashes cannot be determined,
the first crash is chosen.
(d) If there are no injuries, then the first crash is chosen.
Situation C
If no crash qualifies for Category 1-Stratum L, M or N and there is more than one crash
applicable to Categories 2, 3 or 4; follow the criteria in Situation B, step 2 above to select the
crash to code.
Consistency Check (GES Only):
IF

THEN

(5A2P)

BODY TYPE equals 60-79, and UNIT
TYPE equals 1,
FINAL STRATUM equals 2,

(5A3P)

FINAL STRATUM equals 1, 5 or 6,

FINAL STRATUM should not equal 1, 3,
5 or 6.
there must exist at least one vehicle
where BODY TYPE equals 60-79, and
UNIT TYPE equals 1.
there should exist at least one vehicle
where BODY TYPE equals 01-49, and
UNIT TYPE equals 1, and VEHICLE
REMOVAL equals 2.

(5A1P)

2015

195

C34
IF
(5A4P)

FINAL STRATUM equals 1,

(5A5P)

FINAL STRATUM equals 5,

(5A6P)

FINAL STRATUM equals 2,

(5A7P)

FINAL STRATUM equals 3,

(5A8P)

FINAL STRATUM equals 4,

(5A9P)

FINAL STRATUM equals 4, and
INJURY SEVERITY equals 1,

196

THEN
there should exist:
1) at least one vehicle where BODY
TYPE equals 01-49, and UNIT TYPE
equals 1, and VEHICLE REMOVAL
equals 2, and INJURY SEVERITY
equals 4 for at least one occupant of that
vehicle; or
2) one and only one vehicle where
BODY TYPE equals 01-49, and UNIT
TYPE equals 1, and VEHICLE
REMOVAL equals 2, and INJURY
SEVERITY equals 3 for at least one
occupant of that vehicle; or
3) 2 or more vehicles where BODY
TYPE equals 01-49, and UNIT TYPE
equals 1, and at least 2 vehicles where
BODY TYPE equals 01-49, and UNIT
TYPE equals 1, and VEHICLE
REMOVAL equals 2, and INJURY
SEVERITY equals 3 for at least one
occupant of a vehicle where BODY
TYPE equals 01-49, and UNIT TYPE
equals 1, and VEHICLE REMOVAL
equals 2.
there should exist at least one vehicle
where BODY TYPE equals 01-49, and
UNIT TYPE equals 1, and VEHICLE
REMOVAL equals 2, and INJURY
SEVERITY equals 1, 2, 3 or 5 for at
least one occupant of that vehicle.
there 1) should exist at least one vehicle
where UNIT TYPE equals 1, and
VEHICLE REMOVAL equals 2; or 2)
INJURY SEVERITY should equal
1-5 for at least one person in the crash.
INJURY SEVERITY must equal 2-4 for
at least one person in the crash.
INJURY SEVERITY must not equal 2-4
for any person in the crash.
there should exist no vehicles where
BODY TYPE equals 60-79, and UNIT
TYPE equals 1.

2015

C34
IF
(VH88)
(VH89)
(VH90)
(VH91)

2015

UNIT TYPE equals 1, and VEHICLE
REMOVAL equals 2, and BODY
TYPE equals 01-49 or 60-79,
UNIT TYPE equals 1, and VEHICLE
REMOVAL equals 2, and BODY
TYPE equals 01-49,
UNIT TYPE equals 1, and VEHICLE
REMOVAL equals 2, and BODY
TYPE equals 01-49 or 60-79,
UNIT TYPE equals 1, and VEHICLE
REMOVAL equals 2, and BODY
TYPE equals 01-49,

THEN
STRATUM should not equal 4.
STRATUM should not equal 3.
FINAL STRATUM must not equal 4.
FINAL STRATUM must not equal 3.

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198

2015

C35

POLICE JURISDICTION
(GES Only)

FORMAT: 3 numeric
SAS NAME: Accident.PJ
ELEMENT VALUES:
001-128

Range

Definition: The number (range 1 through 120) of the police jurisdiction from which the PAR
was originally sampled.
Remarks:
This is the police jurisdiction from which the PAR is selected; it is written at the top of the PAR
and is prefaced by the character “PJ”. The police jurisdiction may also be shown as the
second of three numbers separated by -‘s. The first number in the set of three is the primary
sampling unit; the second is the police jurisdiction; and the third is the PAR number. The
jurisdiction number written on the PAR must match the number shown in the “GES Input Form”
PAR/Jurisdiction field.

2015

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200

2015

ADDITIONAL STATE INFORMATION
FORMAT: Alphanumeric
SAS NAME: None
ELEMENT VALUES:
Blanks
Any Alphanumeric Characters
Remarks:
This space is reserved for each individual state’s use.
Suggested uses depend on potential needs of the state.
This space may contain:
1. Police Accident Report number.
2. Additional crash location information.
If HPMS number is available, it may be inserted here.

2015

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202

2015

VEHICLE NUMBER – VEHICLE LEVEL
FORMAT: 3 numeric
SAS NAME: Vehicle.Veh_No; Parkwork.VEH_NO
ELEMENT VALUES:
001-999
Definition: This element identifies the number assigned to this vehicle in the crash.
Remarks:
Each motor vehicle in a crash must be assigned a unique number. The numbers assigned to
vehicles must be consecutive, starting with ‘001’ with no missing numbers.
Motor vehicles are assigned the PAR's vehicle number unless a number is skipped because of
a non-contact vehicle included on the PAR with a vehicle number or a non-motorist included
with a unit number.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(060P)

THEN

the NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE
STRIKING NON-MOTORIST must equal
some VEHICLE NUMBER in the case,
and the UNIT TYPE must equal 1.
(CSI5) VEHICLE NUMBER at the Person
VEHICLE NUMBER at the Person Level
Level is greater than 000,
must equal a VEHICLE NUMBER at the
Vehicle Level.
(CSI6) For each VEHICLE NUMBER, PERSON NUMBERS must be consecutive,
beginning with 001 and with no gaps.
(PBA0) PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
CRASH TYPE - BICYCLE equals 111, RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT)
211, 212, and VEHICLE NUMBER should equal 11.
VEHICLE LEVEL equals NUMBER
OF MOTOR VEHICLE STRIKING
NON-MOTORIST,

2015

NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE
STRIKING NON-MOTORIST is not
equal to 000, 999,

203

V3
IF
(PBA1) PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - BICYCLE equals 112,
151, 213, 214, 217 or 218, and
VEHICLE NUMBER - VEHICLE
LEVEL equals NUMBER OF MOTOR
VEHICLE STRIKING NONMOTORIST,

204

THEN
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT)
should equal 10.

2011

NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS
FORMAT: 2 numeric
SAS NAME: Vehicle.Numoccs; Parkwork.PNUMOCCS
ELEMENT VALUES:
00
01-95
96
99

None
Actual Value* if Total Known except:
Ninety-Six or more
Unknown

Definition: This element identifies the number of occupants in each vehicle.
Remarks:
This data element must be coded for each motor vehicle involved in the crash. Code the total
number of occupants (injured and uninjured) in this motor vehicle.
In bus crashes, the total number of occupants, including the driver, must be entered.
00 (None) is used when this motor vehicle is unoccupied.
99 (Unknown) is used when the number of occupants for the motor vehicle is unknown. This
code may also be used when this motor vehicle is a “hit-and-run” vehicle, unless evidence
clearly establishes the number of occupants present.
Also use 99 (Unknown) when the State reports information only on drivers and INJURED
passengers and the total number of occupants is unknown.
In those states where data are collected ONLY on INJURED persons and drivers, BUT the
actual number of motor vehicle occupants is known, code this element with the number of
motor vehicle occupants and complete Person Level forms for ALL INVOLVED individuals.
Bus and railroad crashes are exceptions. For bus crashes (Body Types 50-52, 55, 58,59), the
total number of occupants, including the driver, should be recorded, but Person Level (MV
Occupant) forms should only be submitted for occupants known to be injured and for the
driver, whether the driver is known to be injured or not.
NOTE: This does NOT apply to small van-based buses (Body Type 21). Always submit a
person level form for all occupants of van-based vehicles, including small van-based buses.
* Values greater than 30 are unlikely and will raise a “U” flag.

2015

205

V4
Consistency Checks:
IF
(2F0F)
(4C1P)

(4C2P)

(4C3P)

(4C4P)

(4C5P)

(4C6P)

(4C7P)

(4C8P)

(4C9P)

(4C0P)

206

NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS equals
00,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 01-05,
07-09, 14, 15, 17, 19, 94, 95, 97, and
VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT equal
0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 06, 11, 16,
and VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT
equal 0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 12, and
VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT equal
0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 80-83, 88,
89, and VEHICLE TRAILING does
NOT equal 0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 42, 73, and
VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT equal
0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 60-65, 71,
72, 79, and VEHICLE TRAILING does
NOT equal 0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 66, and
VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT equal
0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 91, and
VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT equal
0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 90, and
VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT equal
0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 99, and
VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT equal
0,

THEN
DRIVER PRESENCE must equal 0.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be
greater than 20.

NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be
greater than 22.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be
greater than 25.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be
greater than 5.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be
greater than 30.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be
greater than 55.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be
greater than 77.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be
greater than 10.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be
greater than 20.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be
greater than 10.

2015

V4
IF
(4F1P)

(4F2P)

(4F3P)

(4F4P)

(4F5P)

(4F6P)

(4F7P)

(4F8P)

(4F9P)

(4F9Q)

(4F0P)

(5F0F)

(BJ4P)

NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is less
than 97, and BODY TYPE equals
01-05, 07-10, 13, 17, 80-83, 88-90,
91-95, 97, and VEHICLE TRAILING
equals 0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is less
than 97, and BODY TYPE equals 06,
11, and VEHICLE TRAILING equals
0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 12, and
VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 80-83,88,89,
and VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 15, 16, 42,
73, and VEHICLE TRAILING equals
0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 60-65, 71,
72, 79, and VEHICLE TRAILING
equals 0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 66, and
VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 91, and
VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 90, and
VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is less
than 97, and BODY TYPE equals 06,
11, 12, 14-16, 19, and VEHICLE
TRAILING equals 0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 99, and
VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS equals
00-96, and BODY TYPE does not
equal 50-52, 55, 58, 59,
any DRIVER DISTRACTED BY
equals 03,

2015

THEN
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not
be greater than 15.

NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be
greater than 22.

NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be
greater than 25.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be
greater than 5.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be
greater than 30.

NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be
greater than 55.

NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be
greater than 50.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be
greater than 10.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be
greater than 20.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not
be greater than 15.

NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be
greater than 10.
the number of Person Level forms for
that vehicle must be equal to the
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must be
greater than 01.

207

V4
IF
(V170)

(V180)

(V190)
(V200)

(V210)

(V220)

(V230)
(V240)
(V250)
(V260)
(V290)
(V340)

208

NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is less
than 97, and VEHICLE TRAILING
equals 0, and BODY TYPE equals
01-05, 07-09, 14, 15, 17, 19, 94, 95,
97,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is less
than 97, and VEHICLE TRAILING
equals 0, and BODY TYPE equals 06,
11,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0,
and BODY TYPE equals 12,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0,
and BODY TYPE equals 80-83,
88, 89,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0,
and BODY TYPE equals 15, 16, 42,
73,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0,
and BODY TYPE equals 60-65, 71,
72, 79,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0,
and BODY TYPE equals 66,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0,
and BODY TYPE equals 91,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0,
and BODY TYPE equals 90,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is, 01-96,
and VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0,
and BODY TYPE equals 99,
BODY TYPE equals 90,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 01-05,
07-09, 14, 15, 17, 19, 97, and
VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT equal
0,

THEN
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not
be greater than 8.

NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not
be greater than 12.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not
be greater than 15.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not
be greater than 2.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not
be greater than 12.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not
be greater than 12.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not
be greater than 5.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not
be greater than 2.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not
be greater than 8.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not
be greater than 5.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should
equal 01.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not
be greater than 8.

2015

IF
(V350)

(V360)

(V370)

(V380)

(V390)

(V400)

(V410)

(V420)

(V430)

NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 06, 11, 16,
and VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT
equal 0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 12, and
VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT equal
0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 80-83,
88, 89, and VEHICLE TRAILING does
NOT equal 0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 42, 73, and
VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT equal
0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 60-65,
71, 72, 79, and VEHICLE TRAILING
does NOT equal 0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 66, and
VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT equal
0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is less
than 01-96, and BODY TYPE equals
91, and VEHICLE TRAILING does
NOT equal 0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 90, and
VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT equal
0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 98, 99, and
VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT equal
0,

2015

THEN
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not
be greater than 12.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not
be greater than 15.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not
be greater than 2.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not
be greater than 12.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not
be greater than 12.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not
be greater than 5.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not
be greater than 2.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not
be greater than 8.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not
be greater than 5.

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210

2015

UNIT TYPE
FORMAT: 1 numeric
SAS NAME: Vehicle.UNITTYPE; Parkwork.PTYPE
ELEMENT VALUES:
1
2
3
4

Motor Vehicle In-Transport (Inside or Outside the Trafficway)
Motor Vehicle Not In-Transport Within the Trafficway
Motor Vehicle Not In-Transport Outside the Trafficway
Working Motor Vehicle (Highway Construction, Maintenance, Utility only)

Definition: This element identifies the type of unit that applies to this motor vehicle at the time
it became an involved vehicle in the crash and was reported as a unit on the Police Accident
Report (PAR).
Remarks:
IMPORTANT:
Remember, you must have at least one motor vehicle “In-Transport” involved in the crash for
this to be a reportable case.
NOTE: For Unit Type attributes “2-4,” you must only submit selected elements on the Vehicle
Level. V15, V24, and V31 are not coded. Also, all elements on the Driver level must be left
blank, except D4 (DRIVER PRESENCE) and D24 (RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER LEVEL).
Related Factors-Driver Level must be coded all “00.”
1 (Motor Vehicle In-Transport [Inside or Outside the Trafficway]) is used to indicate that
this is a motor vehicle in-transport. “In-Transport” means any part of the vehicle’s primary
outline as defined by the four sides of the vehicle (excluding open doors or mirrors) or load, if
any, is within the roadway (travel lanes) or the vehicle is in motion anywhere within or outside
the trafficway boundaries. If it can't be determined if a not in-transport, non-working motor
vehicle is within or outside the trafficway, default to 3 (Motor Vehicle Not In-Transport
Outside the Trafficway).
Examples:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

2015

Motor vehicle in traffic on the highway.
Motionless motor vehicle abandoned on the roadway travel lanes.
Motor vehicle on roadway stopped at traffic signal.
Motor vehicle driving or in motion on the shoulder, median or roadside.
Motor vehicle driving down a private driveway.

211

V5
6. Motor vehicle in motion, outside the trafficway boundaries (e.g., vehicle pulling up to a
pump in a gas station; not within trafficway; vehicle in motion in a parking lot aisle;
lawn tractor driving in a field adjacent to the trafficway; ATV driving on a dirt track next
to trafficway; etc.).
7. A tractor trailer with its load hanging over the roadway edge line.
8. A pickup truck on the shoulder with lumber extending into the travel lanes.
2 (Motor Vehicle Not In-Transport Within the Trafficway) is used to indicate that this is a
motor vehicle not in-transport located within the trafficway boundaries when it became an
involved unit. The trafficway boundaries are from property line to property line.
Examples:
1. Motor vehicle parked in designated curbside parking lane.
2. Motor vehicle parked in designated curbside parking lane with an open door crossing
into the travel lane.
3. Motor vehicle stopped completely on the shoulder, median or roadside.
3 (Motor Vehicle Not In-Transport Outside the Trafficway) is used to indicate that this is a
motor vehicle not in-transport located outside the trafficway boundaries when it became an
involved unit by being struck by a motor vehicle in-transport. If it can't be determined if a not
in-transport, non-working motor vehicle is within or outside the trafficway, default to 3 (Motor
Vehicle Not In-Transport Outside the Trafficway).
Examples:
1. Motor vehicle parked in a private driveway, parking lot space, or other private property
(outside the trafficway boundaries).
2. Any vehicle (not in motion) used for private construction occurring outside the
trafficway boundaries.
4 (Working Motor Vehicle [Highway Construction, Maintenance, Utility only]) is used to
indicate that this is a motor vehicle that was in the act of performing highway construction,
maintenance or utility work related to the trafficway when it became an involved unit. This
“work” may be located within open or closed portions of the trafficway and motor vehicles
performing these activities can be within or outside the trafficway boundaries. This code does
not include private construction/maintenance vehicles, or vehicles such as garbage trucks,
delivery trucks, taxis, emergency vehicles (except example #8 below), tow trucks, etc.
Examples:
1. Asphalt/steam roller working in a highway construction zone paving the roadway or
flattening dirt.
2. State highway maintenance crew painting lane lines on the road, mowing grass on the
roadside or median, repairing potholes, removing debris from the roadway, etc.

212

2015

V5
3. Utility truck or a “cherry picker”, performing maintenance on power lines along the
roadway or maintaining a traffic signal.
4. A private excavating company contracted by the State digging the foundation for a new
overpass.
5. A state, county, or privately owned snow plow, plowing ice/snow as part of a highway
maintenance activity.
6. Street sweeper sweeping the street.
7. A vehicle in a mobile work convoy displaying arrow boards or other signaling devices
warning motorists of the work activity.
8. A law enforcement vehicle which is participating strictly in a stationary construction or
mobile maintenance activity as a traffic slowing, control, signaling or calming influence.
When not in the act of performing “work” and involved in the crash, these highway
construction, maintenance or utility vehicles can be:
1) In-Transport when traveling from one construction site to the next (Unit Type 1 (Motor
Vehicle In-Transport [Inside or Outside the Trafficway])
2) Not In-Transport Within the Trafficway when stopped on the shoulder or within a
highway work zone (Unit Type 2 (Motor Vehicle Not In-Transport Within the
Trafficway)).
3) Not In-Transport Outside the Trafficway when parked and refueling at a depot (Unit
Type 3 (Motor Vehicle Not In-Transport Outside the Trafficway)).
4) In-Transport Outside the Trafficway when relocating off the trafficway from a work
activity area to another off-trafficway parking location.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(060P)

NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE
STRIKING NON-MOTORIST is not
equal to 000, 999,

(252P)

RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals
01, 02, 03, 04, 07, 08, 10, 11, 98 or
99,
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals
01 or 11,

(255P)
(256P)

RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals
01 or 11,

(257P)

RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals
05,

2015

THEN
the NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE
STRIKING NON-MOTORIST must
equal some VEHICLE NUMBER in
the case, and the UNIT TYPE must
equal 1.
UNIT TYPE for VEHICLE NUMBER
(OTHER VEHICLE) involved in the first
harmful event must not equal 3.
UNIT TYPE for VEHICLE NUMBER
(THIS VEHICLE) involved in the first
harmful event must equal 1.
UNIT TYPE for VEHICLE NUMBER
(OTHER VEHICLE) involved in the first
harmful event should equal 1 or 4.
UNIT TYPE for VEHICLE NUMBER
(OTHER VEHICLE) involved in the first
harmful event must equal 1, 3 or 4.

213

V5
IF
(2H1F)
(3BAP)
(3C0P)
(42BP)

(4Z1P)

UNIT TYPE equals 1, and DRIVER
PRESENCE equals 0 or 9,
UNIT TYPE equals 1, and DRIVER
PRESENCE equals 0,
UNIT TYPE equals 1, and EXTENT
OF DAMAGE equals 6,
there is only one vehicle involved in
the First Harmful Event where UNIT
TYPE equals 1,

(9A2P)

UNIT TYPE equals 1, and FIRE
OCCURRENCE equals 1,
UNIT TYPE equals 1, and BODY
TYPE equals 80, 81, 83, 88, 89, and
any RELATED FACTORS - VEHICLE
LEVEL does not equal 30,
UNIT TYPE equals 2, 3,

(9A3P)
(9A5P)
(9B3P)

UNIT TYPE equals 2-4,
PERSON TYPE equals 03,
UNDERRIDE/OVERRIDE equals 7,

(9B4P)

UNDERRIDE/OVVERIDE equals 8,

(9B5P)
(9B7P)

UNIT TYPE equals 2, 3,
UNIT TYPE equals 2-4,

(9B9P)

(9C0P)

any SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals
55,
UNIT TYPE equals 1, and DRIVER
PRESENCE equals 0 or 9,
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 55,

(9C1P)

UNIT TYPE equals 4,

(AL3P)

UNIT TYPE equals 2-4,

(AL4P)

there is one and only one parked
vehicle (UNIT TYPE equals 2 or 3) in
the crash,

(5A0P)

(9C4P)

214

THEN
DRIVER’S VISION OBSCURED BY
must equal 95.
CRASH TYPE must equal 00, 04, 09,
15, 32, 42, 48, 52, 62, 66, 74, 84, 90,
93 or 98.
VEHICLE REMOVAL should equal 2,
8, 9.
the number of vehicles where CRASH
TYPE is coded 00, 1-16, 92, 93 or 99
(excluding from the vehicles being
counted, those where CRASH TYPE
equals 98) must not equal 0 or be
greater than 1.
at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
must equal 02.
ROLLOVER and LOCATION OF
ROLLOVER must equal 0.
REGISTERED VEHICLE OWNER must
equal 6.
DRIVER PRESENCE must equal 0.
UNIT TYPE must equal 2-4.
there must be at least one vehicle with
UNIT TYPE equal to 1.
there must at least one vehicle with
UNIT TYPE equal 2-4.
UNDERRIDE/OVERRIDE must equal 0.
PERSON TYPE of all occupants of this
vehicle must equal 03.
there must be at least one other vehicle
with UNIT TYPE equal to 1.
DRIVER MANEUVERED TO AVOID
must only equal 95.
there must be at least one vehicle with
UNIT TYPE equal to 1.
RELATED FACTORS-VEHICLE LEVEL
must not equal 39.
MOST HARMFUL EVENT must not
equal 54 for this vehicle.
MOST HARMFUL EVENT for the parked
vehicle must not equal 14.

2015

V5
IF
(AL5P)

UNIT TYPE equals 1,

(AL6P)

MOST HARMFUL EVENT equals __,
and UNIT TYPE equals 1,
UNIT TYPE equals 2-4,

(AL7P)

THEN
at least one event in the SEQUENCE
OF EVENTS must equal the MOST
HARMFUL EVENT.
at least one event in the SEQUENCE
OF EVENTS must equal __.
MOST HARMFUL EVENT should not
equal 04-07, 16, 51, 72.
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT)
must equal 00.
DRIVER DISTRACTED BY must equal
16.
DRIVER DISTRACTED BY must not
equal 16 or blank.
DRIVER PRESENCE must equal 0 or 9.

(AZ20)

UNIT TYPE equals 1, and DRIVER
PRESENCE equals 0 or 9,

(BJ1P)

UNIT TYPE equals 1, and DRIVER
PRESENCE equals 0 or 9,
UNIT TYPE equals 1, and DRIVER
PRESENCE equals 1,
UNIT TYPE equals 1, and DRIVER
DISTRACTED BY equals 16,
UNIT TYPE equals 1, and CRASH TYPE equals blank, case status is flawed.
UNIT TYPE is blank, case status is flawed.
UNIT TYPE equals 1, and CRITICAL EVENT – PRECRASH (CATEGORY)
equals blank, case status is flawed.
UNIT TYPE equals 1, and CRITICAL EVENT – PRECRASH (EVENT) equals
blank, case status is flawed.
UNIT TYPE equals 1, and
at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
ROLLOVER equals 1, 2, 9, or
must equal 01 for this vehicle.
LOCATION OF ROLLOVER equals
1-7, 9,
UNIT TYPE equals 4,
REGISTERED VEHICLE OWNER
should not equal 6, 9.
UNIT TYPE equals 2-4,
elements V15, V24, V31 must all be left
blank.
UNIT TYPE equals 4,
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should not
equal 05, 20, 21, 10.
UNIT TYPE equals 4,
CARGO BODY TYPE should not equal
06, 07, 11, 12, 22.

(BJ2P)
(BJ3P)
(FP2F)
(FP3F)
(FP6F)
(FP7F)
(V74P)

(VH25)
(VH70)
(VH75)
(VH80)

Consistency Checks (GES Only):
IF
(5A1P)
(5A2P)

2015

BODY TYPE equals 60-79, and
UNIT TYPE equals 1,
FINAL STRATUM equals 2,

THEN
FINAL STRATUM should not equal 1, 3,
5 or 6.
there must exist at least one vehicle
where BODY TYPE equals 60-79, and
UNIT TYPE equals 1.

215

V5
IF
(5A3P)

FINAL STRATUM equals 1, 5 or 6,

(5A4P)

FINAL STRATUM equals 1,

(5A5P)

FINAL STRATUM equals 5,

(5A6P)

FINAL STRATUM equals 2,

(5A9P)

FINAL STRATUM equals 4, and
INJURY SEVERITY equals 1,

216

THEN
there should exist at least one vehicle
where BODY TYPE equals 01-49, and
UNIT TYPE equals 1, and VEHICLE
REMOVAL equals 2.
there should exist:
1) at least one vehicle where BODY
TYPE equals 01-49, and UNIT TYPE
equals 1, and VEHICLE REMOVAL
equals 2, and INJURY SEVERITY
equals 4 for at least one occupant of that
vehicle; or
2) one and only one vehicle where
BODY TYPE equals 01-49, and UNIT
TYPE equals 1, and VEHICLE
REMOVAL equals 2, and INJURY
SEVERITY equals 3 for at least one
occupant of that vehicle; or
3) 2 or more vehicles where BODY
TYPE equals 01-49, and UNIT TYPE
equals 1, and at least 2 vehicles where
BODY TYPE equals 01-49, and UNIT
TYPE equals 1, and VEHICLE
REMOVAL equals 2, and INJURY
SEVERITY equals 3 for at least one
occupant of a vehicle where BODY
TYPE equals 01-49, and UNIT TYPE
equals 1, and VEHICLE REMOVAL
equals 2.
there should exist at least one vehicle
where BODY TYPE equals 01-49, and
UNIT TYPE equals 1, and VEHICLE
REMOVAL equals 2, and INJURY
SEVERITY equals 1, 2, 3 or 5 for at
least one occupant of that vehicle.
there 1) should exist at least one vehicle
where UNIT TYPE equals 1, and
VEHICLE REMOVAL equals 2; or 2)
INJURY SEVERITY should equal
1-5 for at least one person in the crash.
there should exist no vehicles where
BODY TYPE equals 60-79, and UNIT
TYPE equals 1.

2015

V5
IF
(VH88)
(VH89)
(VH90)
(VH91)

2015

THEN
STRATUM should not equal 4.
STRATUM should not equal 3.
FINAL STRATUM must not equal 4.
FINAL STRATUM must not equal 3.

217

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218

2015

HIT-AND-RUN
FORMAT: 1 numeric
SAS NAME: Vehicle.Hit_Run, Parkwork.PHit_Run
ELEMENT VALUES:
0
1
9

No
Yes
Unknown

Definition: This element refers to cases where a vehicle is a contact vehicle in the crash and
does not stop to render aid (this can include drivers who flee the scene on foot).
Remarks:
In many states, the investigating officer will note this in the narrative or check the appropriate
box on the PAR. In some cases, the driver can be cited for failing to render assistance.
Review the case materials carefully for references to hit-and-run or failure to render aid.
It does not matter whether the hit-and-run vehicle was striking or struck. The hit-and-run
vehicle(s) is (are) the one(s) that “departed prior to investigation by the police,” or that vehicle
which is “abandoned” at the scene when its occupant(s) fled from the area. If the police report
indicates that the vehicle was involved in a collision which was investigated, but there is no
information on that vehicle or the driver/owner because of departure prior to police arrival onscene, then hit-and-run is indicated.
0 (No) is used if there is no reason to believe a hit-and-run occurred involving this vehicle or its
driver. Example: If a vehicle is involved in a multi-vehicle collision and one of the other
contact vehicles leaves the scene.
Examples include:
1. if occupants of a vehicle are taken or go directly from the scene to a medical treatment
facility or physician. However if doubt exists concerning the departure for treatment,
assume hit-and-run.
2. a driver who leaves the scene but furnishes name, address, vehicle make, model and
model year such that it is recorded in the available information and the available
information does not indicate hit-and-run.
3. vehicles which set an object in motion such that (a) the object is contacted, before it
stabilizes, by another in-transport motor vehicle, and (b) the vehicle which set the object in
motion leaves the scene without providing the pertinent information (compare with
exception two above), and (c) the available information does not indicate hit-and-run.

2015

219

V6
1 (Yes) is used when it has been determined that this vehicle’s driver left the scene with or
without their vehicle.
A hit-and-run occurred when this vehicle’s driver left the scene after:
 striking a pedestrian or other type of non-motorist.
 striking a parked/stopped off roadway motor vehicle (with or without occupants).
 being struck while parked or in-transport.
If Hit-and-Run is 1 (Yes), Driver and Person Level (MV Occupant) forms must be submitted for
the driver and occupants of this vehicle involved in the crash regardless of the fact that it was a
hit-and-run.
When the presence of a hit-and-run vehicle is indicated and the available information does not
provide the number of occupants, the number of occupants coded must equal 1 (the driver). In
cases where the hit-and-run vehicle and its driver are not identified, code all the elements on
the Vehicle, Driver and Person Level as 9 (Unknown). Otherwise, if some information is
known about the vehicle and/or driver, code all the elements for which information exists and
leave the rest as 9 (Unknown).
9 (Unknown) is used when the police indicate “Unknown.”
Consistency Checks:
IF
(8K0P)
(U340)
(U360)
(U070)
(V860)
(V880)
(VH87)

220

THEN

VIOLATIONS CHARGED equals
HIT-AND-RUN must not equal 0.
07, 08,
UNLIKELY: HIT-AND-RUN equals 0 or 9 and SEX equals 9.
UNLIKELY: HIT-AND-RUN equals 0 or 9 and AGE equals 999.
UNLIKELY: More than one vehicle with HIT-AND-RUN equal to 1.
HIT-AND-RUN equals 0, and BODY
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should
TYPE equals 61-64,
equal 01, 02, 04, and CARGO BODY
TYPE should equal 01-10, 12, 96-98
HIT-AND-RUN equals 0, and BODY
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should
TYPE equals 66,
equal 05-08, 19, and CARGO BODY
TYPE should equal 01-04, 06-12, 96-98.
HIT-AND-RUN equals 0, and AREAS
the corresponding code should be
OF IMPACT-INITIAL CONTACT
included in DAMAGED AREAS or
POINT equals 01-14,
DAMAGED AREAS should equal 15.

2015

REGISTRATION STATE
(FARS Only)
FORMAT: 2 numeric
SAS NAME: Vehicle.REG_STAT; Parkwork.PREG_STAT
ELEMENT VALUES:
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
08
09
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34

2015

Not Applicable
Alabama
Alaska
American Samoa
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Guam
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey

35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99

New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Virgin Islands
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Not Reported
No Registration
Multiple State Registration
U.S. Government Tags (includes
military)
Canada
Mexico
Other Foreign Country*
Other Registration (includes
Native American Indian Nations)
Unknown

221

V7
Definition: This element identifies the state in which this vehicle was registered.
Remarks:
For a vehicle with an expired registration code the state where the vehicle was registered at
the time of expiration.
91 (Not Reported)
If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable,
then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”.
Code 91 (Not Reported) in these two situations:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the information
to code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials)
2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case
materials).
For combination vehicles, use the registration state of the power unit only.
00 (Not Applicable) is used for vehicles that are exempt from registration.
Use state codes for all state registered vehicles, including state government vehicles.
However, if your state does not register government-owned vehicles, use 00 (Not Applicable).
92 (No Registration) applies to vehicles that are required by state law to be registered and
are NOT registered.
93 (Multiple State Registration) is used for commercial vehicles that are registered in more
than one state under a valid reciprocal agreement (such as the International Registration Plan
(IRP)).
94 (U.S. Government) is used to indicate the license was issued by the U.S. Government,
such as military or State Department Foreign Service.
If a PAR data element is coded with the attribute “Other” but the officer does not specify
what this refers to:
1. Code 98 (Other Registration) if the PAR attribute choices can be matched to or
include all the attributes in FARS/GES.
2. Code 91 (Not Reported) if the PAR choices cannot be matched to or include all
the attributes in FARS/GES.

222

2015

99 (Unknown) is used when the registration information for a vehicle cannot be identified.
Example unidentified hit-and-run vehicle’s registration reported as “Unknown” by police.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(9K0P)

HM2 equals 2,

THEN
REGISTRATION STATE must not equal
00.
REGISTERED VEHICLE OWNER must
equal 0, 5, 6.
REGISTRATION STATE must not equal
99.
REGISTERED VEHICLE OWNER
should equal 3-6.

(AQ0P) REGISTRATION STATE equals 00,
92,
(AV0P) REGISTERED VEHICLE OWNER
equals 3, 4,
(D330) DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, and
REGISTRATION STATE is not equal
to 00, 92, 99,
(U040) UNLIKELY: REGISTRATION STATE equals 97.
REGISTRATION STATE should equal
(V060) SPECIAL USE equals 04,
94.
REGISTRATION STATE should not
(V070) HM1 equals 2,
equal 92.
REGISTERED VEHICLE OWNER
(V550) REGISTRATION STATE equals
should equal 3, 4.
93, 94,
REGISTERED VEHICLE OWNER
(V560) SPECIAL USE equals 04,
should equal 3, and REGISTRATION
STATE should equal 94.
REGISTRATION STATE should equal
(V600) REGISTERED VEHICLE OWNER
99.
equals 9,
REGISTERED VEHICLE OWNER
(V630) REGISTRATION STATE equals 00,
should NOT equal 5.
92,
REGISTRATION STATE should NOT
(V670) REGISTERED VEHICLE OWNER
equal 99.
equals 1, 2,
REGISTERED VEHICLE OWNER
(V960) REGISTRATION STATE equals 99,
should equal 5, 6, 9.
Consistency Check (FARS Only):
IF
(6G0P)
(U450)
(V592)

2015

THEN

RELATED FACTORS-VEHICLE
REGISTRATION STATE must not equal
LEVEL equals 32,
00, 92.
UNLIKELY: REGISTRATON STATE equals 91.
RELATED FACTORS-VEHICLE
REGISTRATION STATE should not
LEVEL equals 37,
equal 00, 92.

223

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224

2015

REGISTERED VEHICLE OWNER
(FARS Only)

FORMAT: 1 numeric
SAS Name: Vehicle.OWNER, parkwork.POWNER
ELEMENT VALUES:
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
9

Not Applicable, Vehicle Not Registered
Driver (in this crash) Was Registered Owner
Driver (in this crash) Not Registered Owner (other private owner listed)
Vehicle Registered as Business/Company/Government Vehicle
Vehicle Registered as Rental Vehicle
Vehicle Was Stolen (reported by police)
Driverless/Motor Vehicle Parked/Stopped Off Roadway
Unknown

Definition: This element is used to determine the type of registered owner of the vehicle.
Remarks:
The type of ownership, “loan vs. lease,” does not change the coding. An individual or
company should be the Registered Vehicle Owner, regardless of the bank holding the loan or
lease. Banks and leasing companies should be the Registered Vehicle Owner for their own
fleets only.
0 (Not Applicable, Vehicle Not Registered) applies to vehicles that are not registered, both
exempt from registration and illegally not registered. (See 5 (Vehicle Was Stolen [reported
by police]) for stolen vehicles.)
2 (Driver (in this crash) Not Registered Owner [other private owner listed]) is used for
private owners other than the driver. Also, if the driver is a spouse of the owner but is not a coowner.
4 (Vehicle Registered as Rental Vehicle) applies for rental vehicles, such as: Hertz, Ryder
trucks, etc.
5 (Vehicle Was Stolen [reported by police]) takes precedence over codes “0, 2, 3, 4, 6,”
when multiple conditions exist.
6 (Driverless/Motor Vehicle Parked/Stopped Off Roadway) is used for both in-transport and
not in-transport motor vehicles. This attribute should always be used if Unit Type is coded as
“2” or “3,” even if other applicable conditions exist. This attribute is also used to indicate that
this is a “driverless” motor vehicle in-transport (e.g., driverless vehicle stopped in a travel lane).
2015

225

V8
If indicating this is a “driverless” motor vehicle in-transport, this attribute does not take
precedence over codes “0, 3, 4, 5,” when multiple conditions exist.
9 (Unknown) is used when information on the registered owner is unknown or unclear; and in
certain cases when the driver cannot be determined, but the registered owner is known.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(9A2P)

UNIT TYPE equals 2, 3,

(AQ0P) REGISTRATION STATE equals 00,
92,
(AR0P) SPECIAL USE equals 04,
(AS0P)

RELATED FACTORS-VEHICLE
LEVEL equals 32,
(AV0P) REGISTERED VEHICLE OWNER
equals 3, 4,
(CB0P) REGISTERED VEHICLE OWNER
equals 6,
(D330) DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, and
REGISTRATION STATE is not equal
to 00, 92, 99,
(V550) REGISTRATION STATE equals
93, 94,
(V560) SPECIAL USE equals 04,
(V570)

HM1 equals 2,

(V580)

HM1 equals 2,

(V600)

(V960)

REGISTERED VEHICLE OWNER
equals 9,
REGISTRATION STATE equals 00,
92,
REGISTERED VEHICLE OWNER
equals 1, 2,
REGISTRATION STATE equals 99,

(VH25)

UNIT TYPE equals 4,

(V630)
(V670)

226

THEN
REGISTERED VEHICLE OWNER must
equal 6.
REGISTERED VEHICLE OWNER must
equal 0, 5, 6.
REGISTERED VEHICLE OWNER must
not equal 0, 1, 2, 4.
REGISTERED VEHICLE OWNER must
not equal 0.
REGISTRATION STATE must not equal
99.
DRIVER PRESENCE must equal 0.
REGISTERED VEHICLE OWNER
should equal 3-6.
REGISTERED VEHICLE OWNER
should equal 3, 4.
REGISTERED VEHICLE OWNER
should equal 3, and REGISTRATION
STATE should equal 94.
REGISTERED VEHICLE OWNER
should not equal 0, 1, 2, 4.
REGISTERED VEHICLE OWNER
should equal 3.
REGISTRATION STATE should equal
99.
REGISTERED VEHICLE OWNER
should NOT equal 5.
REGISTRATION STATE should NOT
equal 99.
REGISTERED VEHICLE OWNER
should equal 5, 6, 9.
REGISTERED VEHICLE OWNER
should not equal 6, 9.

2015

V8
Consistency Check (FARS Only):
IF
(V590)
(V593)

2015

RELATED FACTORS-VEHICLE
LEVEL equals 32,
RELATED FACTORS-VEHICLE
LEVEL equals 37,

THEN
REGISTERED VEHICLE OWNER
should equal 1-3.
REGISTERED VEHICLE OWNER
should not equal 0.

227

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228

2015

VEHICLE MAKE/VEHICLE MODEL OVERVIEW
FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION:
VEHICLE MAKE, VEHICLE MODEL, BODY TYPE, VEHICLE MODEL YEAR as shown
on crash reports must be verified with registration data. In the case of inconsistencies,
registration data takes precedence over crash report data. Note that vehicle information
should be gathered only from state records. Do not use any other sources to determine
any of these elements, that is; you should not use sources such as the NATB
Passenger Vehicle Identification Manual.
VEHICLE MAKE attributes are organized into general groups. These groups are:
01-28
29
30-67
69
70-77
80-89
90-94
97
98
99

Domestic Passenger Car
Other Domestic Passenger Car
Import Passenger Car
Other Import Passenger Car
Motored Cycle/Moped
Truck/Bus
Bus
Not Reported
Other Make (where MAKE “29” or “69” are not applicable)
Unknown Make

VEHICLE MODEL refers to the series of vehicles for a make, e.g., Pintos, Galaxies, Mustangs
are Models of Ford. It does not refer to the various styles within a model unless they are listed
in the codes for VEHICLE MODEL.
VEHICLE MODEL attributes are organized into general groups. These groups are:
001-399
400-499
598
599
700-739
850
870
880-897
898
980-996
988
989

2015

Passenger Car (automobile)
Light Trucks (including truck based utility vehicles, light duty pickup trucks,
standard pickup trucks, vans, mini vans, van-based station wagons, van-based
buses, van derivatives, and truck-based station wagons).
Low Speed Vehicle (LSV) / Neighborhood Electric Vehicle (NEV)
Unknown Low Speed Vehicle (LSV) / Neighborhood Electric Vehicle (NEV)
Motored Cycles (including motorcycles, mini-bikes, motor scooters, dirt bikes,
and mopeds).
Motor Home (truck based)
Medium/Heavy Van-Based Vehicle
Trucks (including all trucks over 10,000 lbs. GVWR except those pick-up type
trucks mentioned under BODY TYPE code “30, 31” [Pickup]).
Other, Unknown, truck over 10,000 lbs. GVWR.
All buses except those that are van-based.
Other bus over 10,000 lbs. GVWR.
Unknown Bus

229

997
998
999

Not Reported
Other Vehicle
Unknown Vehicle

Note that for both VEHICLE MAKE and VEHICLE MODEL the use of the terms “other” and
“unknown” have very specific meanings. “Other” refers to a VEHICLE MAKE or VEHICLE
MODEL that is known but is not explicitly listed. “Unknown” refers to the situation where no
specific named VEHICLE MAKE or VEHICLE MODEL is known. Selection of the proper “other”
or “unknown” code can only be made with consideration of the vehicle BODY TYPE in
accordance with the applicable BODY TYPE for given combinations of “other” and/or
“unknown” VEHICLE MAKE and VEHICLE MODEL.
4WD, FWD, or Four-Wheel Drive does not automatically imply on/off road vehicle (Utility
Vehicles), body types “14” and “15.”
Reconstructed/Altered Vehicles: In cases where someone builds a “homemade” vehicle
from drastically mixed parts, there may be no clear MAKE or MODEL. In addition, the state
may issue an Identification Number in place of the Standard VIN. In such cases, code the VIN
as all “0’s”; code MAKE, MODEL, and MODEL YEAR as “9’s.” Code BODY TYPE as
appropriate. Be sure to use RELATED FACTORS-VEHICLE LEVEL code Reconstructed/
Altered Vehicle.
In reconstructed/altered vehicles where the modifications are less drastic and you can
determine the MAKE, MODEL and VIN, code these elements appropriately and be sure to use
Related Factors-Vehicle Level code Reconstructed/Altered Vehicle.
If any detail is known regarding the vehicle’s Make/Model/Body/Year, code what is known and
then code the other elements as unknown. For example, you know it’s a Ford 4-door
passenger car but the specific model and year are not reported. Code Vehicle Make as 12
(Ford), Vehicle Model as 399 (Unknown (Automobile)), Body Type as 04 (4-Door Sedan,
Hard Top), and Vehicle Model Year as 9999 (Unknown)
Code Not Reported only when Vehicle Make, Vehicle Model, Body Type and Vehicle Model
Year are all Not Reported.
Not Reported
If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable,
then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”.
Code Not Reported in these two situations:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the information
to code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials)

230

2015

2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case
materials).

2015

231

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232

2015

VEHICLE MAKE
FORMAT: 2 numeric
SAS NAME: Vehicle.Make, Person.Make; Parkwork.PMAKE
ELEMENT VALUES:
01
02
03
06
07
08
09
10
12
13
14
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
2015

American Motors
Jeep/Kaiser-Jeep/Willys-Jeep
AM General
Chrysler
Dodge
Imperial
Plymouth
Eagle
Ford
Lincoln
Mercury
Buick/Opel
Cadillac
Chevrolet
Oldsmobile
Pontiac
GMC
Saturn
Grumman
Coda
Other Domestic Manufacturers
Volkswagen
Alfa Romeo
Audi
Austin/Austin Healey
BMW
Datsun/Nissan
Fiat
Honda
Isuzu
Jaguar
Lancia
Mazda
Mercedes-Benz
MG
Peugeot
Porsche
Renault

47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
67
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88

Saab
Subaru
Toyota
Triumph
Volvo
Mitsubishi
Suzuki
Acura
Hyundai
Merkur
Yugo
Infiniti
Lexus
Diahatsu
Sterling
Land Rover
Kia
Daewoo
Smart
Scion
Other Import
BSA
Ducati
Harley-Davidson
Kawasaki
Moto-Guzzi
Norton
Yamaha
Victory
Brockway
Diamond Reo/Reo
Freightliner
FWD
International Harvester/Navistar
Kenworth
Mack
Peterbilt
Iveco/Magirus
233

V9
89
90
91
92
93

White/Autocar White/GMC
Bluebird
Eagle Coach
Gillig
MCI

94
97
98
99

Thomas Built
Not Reported
Other Make
Unknown Make

Definition: This element identifies the make (manufacturer) of this vehicle.
Remarks:
SEE ADDITIONAL REMARKS BEFORE VEHICLE MAKE – V9
Note that for both Vehicle Make and Vehicle Model, the use of the terms “other” and
“unknown” have very specific meanings. “Other” refers to a make or model which is known but
is not explicitly listed. “Unknown” refers to the situation where no specific make or model is
known. Examples: 399 (Unknown (Automobile)), 499 (Unknown (Light Truck)), 739
(Unknown cc (ATV)), 884 (Medium/Heavy Truck - Unknown Engine Location), 999
(Unknown).
Selection of the proper "other" or "unknown" code can only be made with consideration of the
vehicle’s body type. For example, if a medium/heavy truck or bus make is known and is not
listed, Vehicle Make, is coded OTHER MAKE (med/heavy truck/bus or “other”) and the
appropriate model code is used. If the make is unknown but the body type is known as a
“school bus”, for instance, Vehicle Make, is coded 99 (Unknown Make) and Vehicle Model, is
coded 989 (Unknown (Bus).
99 (Unknown Make) is used for a "hit-and-run" vehicle unless reliable evidence indicates the
vehicle's make.
97 (Not Reported)
If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable,
then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”.
Code 97 (Not Reported) in these two situations:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the information
to code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials)
2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case
materials).
If a vehicle make or vehicle model is encountered that is not listed, headquarters is notified.

234

2015

V9
Consistency Checks:
IF
(920P)

(921P)
(930P)

(960P)
(U480)
(V922)
(V961)

2015

THEN

any one of the fields MAKE, MODEL,
the other three must also equal Not
Reported.
BODY TYPE, and MODEL YEAR,
equals Not Reported [MAKE (97),
MODEL (997), BODY TYPE (98), and
MODEL YEAR (9998)],
MODEL YEAR must equal ___, or
MAKE is not 97, 98, 99, and equals
CRASH YEAR plus 1.
___, and MODEL equals ___,
the other three must also not be coded
any one of the fields MAKE, MODEL,
as Not Reported.
BODY TYPE, and MODEL YEAR,
does not equal Not Reported [MAKE
(97), MODEL (997), BODY TYPE
(98), and MODEL YEAR (9998)],
BODY TYPE must equal ___.
MAKE is not 98, 99, and equals ___,
and MODEL equals ___,
UNLIKELY: VEHICLE MAKE equals 97.
MAKE equals 98, 99, and MODEL
MODEL YEAR should equal ___.
equals ___,
MAKE equals 98, 99, and MODEL
BODY should equal ___.
equals ___,

235

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236

2015

V10

VEHICLE MODEL
FORMAT: 3 numeric
SAS NAME: Vehicle.Model; Person.Model; Parkwork.PMODEL
ELEMENT VALUES:
001-397
398
399
401-497
498
499
598
599
701-706
709
731-734
739
801- 809
850
870
880
881
882
883
884
890
898
901-908
981-987
988
989
997
998
999

Automobiles
Other (Automobile)
Unknown (Automobile)
Light Trucks
Other (Light Trucks)
Unknown (Light Trucks)
Other (Low Speed Vehicle (LSV) / Neighborhood Electric Vehicle (NEV))
Unknown (Low Speed Vehicle (LSV) / Neighborhood Electric Vehicle (NEV))
Motorcycles
Unknown cc (Motorcycles)
All Terrain Vehicles
Unknown cc (ATV)
Other Make (Medium/Heavy Trucks)
Motor Home
Medium/Heavy Van-Based Vehicle
Medium/Heavy Pickup (pickup-style only – over 10,000 lbs)
Medium/Heavy Trucks – CBE
Medium/Heavy Trucks – COE (low entry)
Medium/Heavy Trucks – COE (high entry)
Medium/Heavy Trucks – Unknown engine location
Medium/Heavy Trucks – COE (entry position unknown)
Other (Medium/Heavy Trucks)
Other Make (Buses)
Buses
Other (Bus)
Unknown (Bus)
Not Reported
Other (Vehicle)
Unknown

Definition: This element identifies the model of this vehicle within a given make.
Remarks:
SEE ADDITIONAL REMARKS BEFORE VEHICLE MAKE – V9

2015

237

V10
Note that for both Vehicle Make and Vehicle Model, the use of the terms “other” and
“unknown” have very specific meanings. “Other” refers to a make or model which is known but
is not explicitly listed. “Unknown” refers to the situation where no specific make or model is
known. Examples: 399 (Unknown (Automobile)), 499 (Unknown (Light Trucks)), 739
(Unknown cc (ATV)), 884 (Medium/Heavy Trucks - Unknown Engine Location), 999
(Unknown).
Selection of the proper "other" or "unknown" code can only be made with consideration of the
vehicle’s body type. For example, if a medium/heavy truck or bus make is known and is not
listed, Vehicle Make, is coded OTHER MAKE (med/heavy truck/bus or “other”) and the
appropriate model code is used. If the make is unknown but the body type is known as a
“school bus”, for instance, Vehicle Make, is coded 99 (Unknown Make) and Vehicle Model, is
coded 989 (Unknown (Bus).
Unknown Make is used for a "hit-and-run" vehicle unless reliable evidence indicates the
vehicle's make.
997 (Not Reported)
If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable,
then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”.
Code 997 (Not Reported) in these two situations:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the information to
code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials)
2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case materials).
If a vehicle make or vehicle model is encountered that is not listed, headquarters is notified.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(920P)

(921P)

238

any one of the fields MAKE, MODEL,
BODY TYPE, and MODEL YEAR,
equals Not Reported [MAKE (97),
MODEL (997), BODY TYPE (98), and
MODEL YEAR (9998)],
MAKE is not 97, 98, 99, and equals
___, and MODEL equals ___,

THEN
the other three must also equal Not
Reported.

MODEL YEAR must equal ___, or
CRASH YEAR plus 1.

2015

V10
IF
(930P)

(960P)
(U460)
(V922)
(V961)

2015

THEN

any one of the fields MAKE, MODEL,
the other three must also not be coded
BODY TYPE, and MODEL YEAR,
as Not Reported.
does not equal Not Reported [MAKE
(97), MODEL (997), BODY TYPE
(98), and MODEL YEAR (9998)],
MAKE is not 98, 99, and equals ___,
BODY TYPE must equal ___.
and MODEL equals ___,
UNLIKELY: VEHICLE MODEL equals 997.
MAKE equals 98, 99, and MODEL
MODEL YEAR should equal ___.
equals ___,
MAKE equals 98, 99, and MODEL
BODY should equal ___.
equals ___,

239

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240

2015

ALPHABETICAL LISTING OF MAKES
Click your mouse on vehicle name below to go to that vehicle in the chart.
FARS
MAKE
CODE

MAKE

54
31
03
01
69-031
32
33

Acura
Alfa Romeo
AM General
American Motors
Aston Martin
Audi
Austin/Austin
Healey
Avanti
Auto-Union-DKW
Bentley
Bertone
Bluebird
BMW
Bricklin
Brockway
BSA
Bugatti
Buick
Cadillac
Carpenter
Caterham
Checker
Chevrolet
Chrysler
Citroen
Coda
Collins Bus
Daewoo
Daihatsu
Datsun
DeLorean
Desoto
Desta
Diamond Reo
or Reo

29-001
98-802
69-042
69-052
90
34
69-032
80
70
69-064
18
19
98-903
69-062
29-002
20
06
69-033
26
98-904
64
60
35
69-034
29-398
69-048
81
2015

MAKE/ NCIC
MODEL CODE*
TABLE
PAGE #
245
246
246
247
315
247
250

(ACUR)
(ALFA)
(AMGN)
(AMER)
(ASTO)
(AUDI)
(AUST)

314
336
317
317
333
251
315
323
319
318
252
254
336
317
315
256
259
315
261
336
261
262
294
315
315
317
324

(AVTI)
(AUTU)
(BENT)
(BERO)
(BLUI)
(BMW)
(BRIC)
(BROC)
(BSA)
(BUIC)
(CADI)
(CHEC)
(CHEV)
(CHRY)
(CITR)
(DAEW)
(DAIH)
(DATS)
(DELO)
(DESO)
(DIAR)

FARS
MAKE
CODE

MAKE

98-905
98-803
07
71
10
91
29-398
69-035
36
69-398
12
82
83
69-398
92
23
25
72

DINA
Divco
Dodge
Ducati
Eagle
Eagle Coach
Excaliber
Ferrari
Fiat
Fisker
Ford
Freightliner
FWD
Gazelle
Gillig
GMC
Grumman
HarleyDavidson
Hillman
Hino
Honda
Hudson
Hyundai
Imperial
Infiniti
International
Harvester
Isuzu
Iveco/Magirus
Jaguar
Jensen
Jeep
Kaiser-Jeep
Kawasaki
Kenworth

69-036
98-806
37
29-398
55
08
58
84
38
88
39
69-037
02
02
73
85

MAKE/ NCIC
MODEL CODE*
TABLE
PAGE #
336
336
262
319
266
333
315
316
266
318
267
325
326
318
334
271
274
319

(DINA)
(DIVC)
(DODG)
(DUCA)
(EGIL)
(EXCL)
(FERR)
(FIAT)
(FORD)
(FRHT)
(FWD)
(GZL)
(GMC)
(GRUM)
(HD)

316
336
274
315
276
277
278
327

(HILL)
(HINO)
(HOND)
(HUDS)
(HYUN)
(CHRY)
(INFI)
(INTL)

279
330
280
316
281
281
320
328

(ISU )
(IVEC)
(JAGU)
(JENS)
(AMER)
(AMER)
(KAWK)
(KW)

241

Click your mouse on vehicle name below to go to that vehicle in the chart.
FARS
MAKE
CODE

MAKE

63
69-058
69-053
69-038
40
62
59
13
69-039
86
69-061
69-040
69-056
41
69-063
93
42
14
56
98-302
98-906
69-054
43
52
69-055
69-041
74
84
98-902
35
75
21
18
98-907
98-805
29-398
29-003
87
44
09
22
45

Kia
Koenigsegg
Lada
Lamborghini
Lancia
Land Rover
Lexus
Lincoln
Lotus
Mack
Mahindra
Maserati
Maybach
Mazda
McLaren
MCI
Mercedes-Benz
Mercury
Merkur
Meyers Motors
Mid Bus
Mini-Cooper
MG
Mitsubishi
Morgan
Morris
Moto-Guzzi
Navistar
Neoplan
Nissan
Norton
Oldsmobile
Opel
Orion
Oshkosh
Packard
Panoz
Peterbilt
Peugeot
Plymouth
Pontiac
Porsche

242

MAKE/ NCIC
MODEL CODE*
TABLE
PAGE #
282
317
317
316
283
283
284
285
316
329
317
316
317
286
318
334
288
290
292
335
336
317
292
292
317
316
320
327
336
294
321
296
253
337
336
315
315
331
297
298
299
301

(KIA)
(LADA)
(LAMO)
(LNCI)
(LNDR)
(LEXS)
(LINC)
(LOTU)
(MACK)
(MASE)
(MAYB)
(MAZD)
(MCIN)
(MERZ)
(MERC)
(MERK)
(MNNI)
(MG)
(MITS)
(MORG)
(MORR)
(MOGU)
(NAVI)
(NEOP)
(NISS)
(NORT)
(OLDS)
(OPEL)
(ONTR)
(OSHK)
(PACK)
(PANZ)
(PTRB)
(PEUG)
(PLYM)
(PONT)
(PORS)

FARS
MAKE
CODE

MAKE

69-049
46
69-042
47
29-004
24
98-807
67
69-044
69-398
65
69-057
61
98-809
29-001
29-398
48
69-045
53
29-005
98-301
94
49
50
69-046
98-808
98-908
77
30
51
98-804
89
89
02
76
57

Reliant (British)
Renault
Rolls Royce
Saab
Saleen
Saturn
Scania
Scion
Simca
Singer
Smart
Spyker
Sterling
Sterling
Studabaker
Stutz
Subaru
Sunbeam
Suzuki
Tesla
Think
Thomas Built
Toyota
Triumph
TVR
UD
Van Hool
Victory
Volkswagen
Volvo
Western Star
White/Autocar
White/GMC
Willys-Jeep
Yamaha
Yugo

MAKE/ NCIC
MODEL CODE*
TABLE
PAGE #
317
302
317
302
315
303
336
304
317
318
304
317
304
336
314
315
305
317
306
315
335
334
308
310
317
336
337
321
310
312
336
332
332
281
321
314

2015

(RELA)
(RENA)
(ROL)
(SAA)
(STRN)
(SCAN)
(SCIO)
(SIM)
(SIN)
(SMRT)
(STLG)
(STLG)
(STU )
(STUZ)
(SUBA)
(SUNB)
(SUZI)
(THMS)
(TOYT)
(TRIU)
(TVR)
(UD)
(VCTY)
(VOLK)
(VOLV)
(WSTR)
(WHIT)
(WHGM)
(AMER)
(YAMA)
(YUGO)

NUMERICAL LISTING OF MAKES
Click your mouse on vehicle name below to go to that vehicle in the chart.
FARS
MAKE
CODE

MAKE

MAKE/
MODEL
TABLE
PAGE #

NCIC
CODE*

FARS
MAKE
CODE

MAKE

MAKE/
MODEL
TABLE
PAGE #

NCIC
CODE*

01
02
02
02
03
06
07
08
09
10
12
13
14
18
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
30
31
32
33

American Motors
Jeep
Kaiser-Jeep
Willys-Jeep
AM General
Chrysler
Dodge
Imperial
Plymouth
Eagle
Ford
Lincoln
Mercury
Buick
Opel
Cadillac
Chevrolet
Oldsmobile
Pontiac
GMC
Saturn
Grumman
Coda
Volkswagen
Alfa Romeo
Audi
Austin/Austin
Healey
BMW
Datsun
Nissan
Fiat
Honda
Isuzu
Jaguar
Lancia

247
281
281
281
246
259
262
277
298
266
267
285
290
252
253
254
256
296
299
271
303
274
261
310
246
248
250

(AMER)
(AMER)
(AMER)
(AMER)
(AMGN)
(CHRY)
(DODG)
(CHRY)
(PLYM)
(EGIL)
(FORD)
(LINC)
(MERC)
(BUIC)
(OPEL)
(CADI)
(CHEV)
(OLDS)
(PONT)
(GMC)
(STRN)
(GRUM)

251
294
294
266
274
279
280
283

(BMW)
(DATS)
(NISS)
(FIAT)
(HOND)
(ISU )
(JAGU)
(LNCI)

41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
67
70
71
72

Mazda
Mercedes-Benz
MG
Peugeot
Porsche
Renault
Saab
Subaru
Toyota
Triumph
Volvo
Mitsubishi
Suzuki
Acura
Hyundai
Merkur
Yugo
Infiniti
Lexus
Daihatsu
Sterling
Land Rover
Kia
Daewoo
Smart
Scion
BSA
Ducati
HarleyDavidson
Kawasaki
Moto-Guzzi
Norton
Yamaha
Victory
Brockway

286
288
292
297
301
302
302
305
308
310
312
292
306
245
276
292
314
278
284
262
304
283
282
261
304
304
319
319
319

(MAZD)
(MERZ)
(MG)
(PEUG)
(PORS)
(RENA)
(SAA)
(SUBA)
(TOYT)
(TRIU)
(VOLV)
(MITS)
(SUZI)
(ACUR)
(HYUN)
(MERK)
(YUGO)
(INFI)
(LEXS)
(DAIH)
(STLG)
(LNDR)
(KIA)
(DAEW)
(SMRT)
(SCIO)
(BSA)
(DUCA)
(HD)

320
320
321
321
321
323

(KAWK)
(MOGU)
(NORT)
(YAMA)
(VCTY)
(BROC)

34
35
35
36
37
38
39
40
2015

(VOLK)
(ALFA)
(AUDI)
(AUST)

73
74
75
76
77
80

243

Click your mouse on vehicle name below to go to that vehicle in the chart.

FARS
MAKE
CODE

MAKE

MAKE/
MODEL
TABLE
PAGE #

NCIC
CODE*

FARS
MAKE
CODE

MAKE

MAKE/
MODEL
TABLE
PAGE #

NCIC
CODE*

Diamond Reo or
Reo
Freightliner
FWD
International
Harvester
Navistar
Kenworth
Mack
Peterbilt
Iveco/Magirus
White/Autocar
White/GMC
Bluebird
Eagle Coach
Gillig
MCI
Thomas Built
Avanti
Studabaker
Checker
Panoz
Saleen
Tesla
Desoto
Excaliber
Hudson
Packard
Stutz
Aston Martin
Bricklin
Citroen
DeLorean
Ferrari
Hillman
Jensen
Lamborghini
Lotus
Maserati
Morris
Bentley
Rolls Royce

324

(DIAR)

325
326
327

(FRHT)
(FWD)
(INTL)
(NAVI)
(KW)
(MACK)
(PTRB)
(IVEC)
(WHIT)
(WHGM)
(BLUI)

Simca
Sunbeam
TVR
Desta
Reliant (British)
Bertone
Lada
Mini-Cooper
Morgan
Maybach
Spyker
Koenigsegg
Mahindra
Caterham
McLaren
Bugatti
Fisker
Gazelle
Singer
Think
Meyers Motors
Auto-UnionDKW
Divco
Western Star
Oshkosh
Hino
Scania
UD
Sterling
Neoplan
Carpenter
Collins Bus
DINA
Mid Bus
Orion
Van Hool

317
317
317
317
317
317
317
317
317
317
317
317
317
317
318
318
318
318
318
335
335
336

(SIM)
(SUNB)
(TVR)

327
328
329
331
330
332
332
333
333
334
334
334
314
314
315
315
315
315
315
315
315
315
315
315
315
315
315
316
316
316
316
316
316
316
317
317

69-044
69-045
69-046
69-048
69-049
69-052
69-053
69-054
69-055
69-056
69-057
69-058
69-061
69-062
69-063
69-064
69-398
69-398
69-398
98-301
98-302
98-802

82
83
84
84
85
86
87
88
89
89
90
91
92
93
94
29-001
29-001
29-002
29-003
29-004
29-005
29-398
29-398
29-398
29-398
29-398
69-031
69-032
69-033
69-034
69-035
69-036
69-037
69-038
69-039
69-040
69-041
69-042
69-042
244

(MCIN)
(THMS)
(AVTI)
(STU )
(CHEC)
(PANZ)
(DESO)
(EXCL)
(HUDS)
(PACK)
(STUZ)
(ASTO)
(BRIC)
(CITR)
(DELO)
(FERR)
(HILL)
(JENS)
(LAMO)
(LOTU)
(MASE)
(MORR)
(BENT)
(ROL)

98-803
98-804
98-805
98-806
98-807
98-808
98-809
98-902
98-903
98-904
98-905
98-906
98-907
98-908

336
336
336
336
336
336
336
336
336
336
336
336
337
337

(RELA)
(BERO)
(LADA)
(MNNI)
(MORG)
(MAYB)

(GZL)
(SIN)
(AUTU)
(DIVC)
(WSTR)
(OSHK)
(HINO)
(SCAN)
(UD)
(STLG)
(NEOP)
(DINA)
(ONTR)

2015

PASSENGER CARS

MAKE:

Acura

Model Codes
AUTOMOBILES
031 Integra
032 Legend
033 NSX (For 1991-2005
only. For 2016 on see
model 043.)
034 Vigor
035 TL

(54)
Includes

Model Years

Body Types

GS, LS, RS, GS-R, Type R

1986-2001,
9999

03-05,07,09

L, LS, GS, Special Edition,
GS-R
NSX-T

1986-95,9999

02,04,08,09

1991-2005,
9999

1992-94,9999
1996-2014,
9999
1996-2015,
9999
1997-2003,
9999
2002-06,9999
2004-14,9999

04
04

03
04, 06, 09

2010-13,9999
2013-16,9999
2016

05
04
02

2015
1986-2016,
9999
1986-2016,
9999

04
02-09

036 RL/RLX

3.2, 3.5, 3.7, SH-AWD
(AT/MT)
3.5, 3.7

037 CL

2.2, 2.3, 3.0, 3.2, Type S

038 RSX
039 TSX

2.0, Type S
2.4, 3.5, Hybrid, Special
Edition, V6
3.7, SH-AWD
2.0, 2.4, Hybrid

040 ZDX
041 ILX
043 NSX (2016 on. For
1991-2005 see model
033.)
044 TLX
398 Other (automobile)

2.4, 3.6 V-6

399 Unknown (automobile)
LIGHT TRUCKS
401 SLX
402 RDX
421 MDX

(ACUR)

2.3, SH-AWD

1996-2000,
9999
2007-16,9999
2001-16,9999

04
02

02-09

14
14
15

499 Unknown (light truck)

1996-2016,
9999

999 Unknown (ACURA)

1986-2016,
9999

2015

245

MAKE:

Alfa Romeo

Model Codes
AUTOMOBILES
031 Spider (Spyder)

032 Sports Sedan

033 Sprint/Special

034
035
036
037
398

GTV-6
164 (Alpha 164)
4c
Giulia
Other (automobile)

(31)
Includes

Model Years

Body Types

Roadsters, Veloce,
Quadrifoglio, Duetto,
Graduate, 1600/1750/1900/
2000 roadsters, Giulia,
Giulietta, Giulietta Veloce,
Tipo
4-door sedans (except 164);
Milano, Giulietta, Super,
Berlina, Alfetta, Giulia
1750/1900/2000/2600
sedans, Alpha 90
2-door coupes; Alfetta GT,
Monteal, 1750/1900/2000/
2600 GTV, Sprint GT, GT
Veloce, Giulia, Giulietta,
Super, GTA, GTV, GTZ, TZ2

1933-94,9999

01,02,09

1933-89,9999

1933-80,9999

1981-86,9999
1990-95,9999
2014-16,9999
2016
1933-95,
2014-16,9999
1933-95,
2014-16,9999

02
04
02
04
01-04,08,09

LS, Q, Quadrifoglio
Launch Edition, Base
Alfa, Montreal

399 Unknown (automobile)
MAKE:

AM General

Model Codes
LIGHT TRUCKS
401 Dispatcher
402 Hummer
421 Hummer (SUV from 19932003; see 431 for 2004
on) (for Pickup, see
model 481)
431 Hummer (2004 on; see
model 421 for 1993-2003)
441 MV-1
466 Dispatcher
481 Hummer (Pickup) (for
SUV see model 421 for
1993-2003; see 431 for
2004 on)

246

(ALFA)

(03)
Includes

01-04,08,09
(AMGN)

Model Years

Body Types

Post Office (Jeep)
H3 (Base, Luxury,
Adventure, Limited Edition),
x, Alpha
Slantback-HMSB, H1, H2

1965-94,9999
2006-11,9999

14
14

1992-2003,
9999

H1 (Base, Luxury,
Adventure), H2 (Base,
Luxury, Adventure),
Limousine
SE, DX, LX, Taxi
DJ-series-Post Office Van
H1, H2 (Base, Luxury,
Adventure, Limited Edition),
Alpha

2004-11,9999

2013-15,9999
1965-91,9999
1992-2011,
9999

20
22
31

2015

MAKE:

AM General (Cont.)

Model Codes
LIGHT TRUCKS (Cont.)
482 Hummer
498 Other (light truck)

(03)
Includes

Model Years

H3T (Adventure, Luxury,
Alpha)

499 Unknown (light truck)

MEDIUM/HEAVY TRUCKS
884 Medium/Heavy Truck

Military off-road

898 Other (medium/heavy truck)
BUSES
983 Bus: Rear engine,
Flat front
988 Other (bus)
989 Unknown Bus Type

Transit

OTHER VEHICLE
998 Other (vehicle)
999 Unknown (AM GENERAL)
MAKE:

American Motors*

Model Codes
AUTOMOBILES
001 Rambler American

002 Rebel
002 Matador
002 Marlin
003 Ambassador
004 Pacer
005 AMX

2015

(AMGN)

2009-11,9999

1940-2011,
2013-15,9999

14-16,19,20, 22,
31-33, 39-42, 45,
48

1940-2011,
2013-15,9999

14-16,19, 20,
22,31-33, 39-42,
45, 48, 49

1965-2011,
9999
1965-94,9999

60-64,71,72,78

1965-94,9999

1965-94,9999
1965-94,9999

50-52,58,59
50-52,58,59

1965-94,9999

92,93,97

1965-2011,
2013-15, 9999

49,79,99

(01)
Includes
Rogue, 220, 330, 440, 440H, Scrambler Deluxe,
Custom, Super, Classic,
Brougham, SC
Mariner, Briarcliff,
Westerner, The Machine,
SST, 550, Grant, King
Brougham, X, Oleg Cassini,
Barcelona, Police, The
Machine
Black, Radar, Tahiti, Marlin
II
800, 880, 990, SST, DPL,
Brougham, DDL, Limited
D/L, X, Limited
(2-seater only)

Body Types

60-64,71,72,78

(AMER)
Model Years

Body Types

1954-69,9999

01,02,04,06,
08,09

1967-70,9999

01,02,04,06,
08,09

1971-78,9999

02,04,06,08,09

1965-67,9999

02,08,09

1958-74,9999

02,04,06,08,09

1975-80,9999
1968-70,9999

02,03,06,09
02,03,09

247

MAKE:

American Motors* (Cont.)

Model Codes
AUTOMOBILES (Cont.)
006 Javelin
007 Hornet
007 Concord
008 Gremlin
008 Spirit
009 Eagle
010 Eagle SX-4

(01)

Includes

(AMER)
Model Years

SST, AMX (1971-1974)
SST, Sportabout, AMX D/L,
SC-360, Gucci Edition, Levi
Trim Package, X
AMX Limited, D/L, Levi
Trim, Sport, Base,
Sundancer
Base, X, Levi Trim, GT,
AMX
GT, AMX, D/L, SST
Sport, Series 30,
Sundancer, Limited
50 Series, Kammback,
Sport

398 Other (automobile)
399 Unknown (automobile)

Body Types

1968-74,9999
1970-77,9999

02,03,09
02-04,06,08,09

1978-83,9999

01-04,06,08,09

1970-78,9999

03,09

1979-83,9999
1980-88,9999

02,03,09
01-04,06,08,09

1981-84,9999

02,03,09

1940-88,9999
1940-88,9999

01-04,06,08,09
01-04,06,08,09

* NOTE: Alliance, Encore, Premier (including L, DL, and Limited) is coded under Renault (46).
MAKE:

Audi

Model Codes
AUTOMOBILES
031 Super 90
032 100
033 Fox
034 4000
035 5000
036
037
038
039
040

80/90
200
V-8 Quattro
Coupe Quattro
S4 (1992-1994;
2000-2011 only. See
model 055 for 2012
on)/S6 (1992-1994; 20002011 only. See model
056 for 2013 on.)
041 Cabriolet (1994-1998)

248

(32)
Includes
S, CS, LS, GL, Quattro
(1989-on)
Quattro, Coupe, Coupe GT,
CS, S
Quattro, CS, S, CS Turbo
Quattro, T
Quattro, Coupe Quattro
Turbo Quattro
100 series
4000 series
Quattro, Avant Quattro
(Wagon), 3.0, 4.2 Saloon,
Avant (2.7), RS4, Special
Edition, V10, 5.6, 5.2

(AUDI)
Model Years

Body Types

1966-72,9999
1970-77;
1989-94,9999
1973-79,9999
1980-93,9999

02,04,06,08,09
02,04,06,08,09
02,04,06,08,09
02,04,08,09

1978-93,9999

04,06,09

1988-95,9999
1989-92,9999
1990-94,9999
1990-91,9999
1992-95;
2000-11,9999

04
04,06,09
04
02,03,09
01,04,06,09

1994-98,9999

2015

MAKE:

Audi (Cont.)

Model Codes
AUTOMOBILES (Cont.)
042 A6

043 A4

044 A8
045 TT/TTS

046 S8
047 Allroad (2001-05 only.
See 403 for 2013 on)
048 A3
049 A5
050 R8
051 A7
052 S5
054 RS5
055 S4 (2012 on only. See
model 040 for 1992-1994;
2000-2011)
056 S6 (2013 on. See model
040 for 1992-1994; 20002011)

2015

(32)
Includes
Avant Quattro Wagon (3.0L,
3.0T), Quattro (2.7T, 4.2),
FrontTrak (2.8, 3.0L), RS6,
3.2, S Line, 3.0T (Premium,
Premium Plus, Prestige),
2.0T (Premium, Premium
Plus), Special Edition
Avant Wagon (1.8T, 2.0T,
2.8, 3.0, 3.2), Avant Quattro
Wagon, FrontTrak (1.8, 2.8,
3.0),Quattro (1.8T, 2.0T,
3.0, 3.2), Special Edition, S
Line, 2.0T(Premium,
Premium Plus, Prestige)
4.2 Quattro, L, W12, NWB,
3.0T, 4.0T, TDI
FWD, Quattro AWD, 180,
225 Quattro Roadster,
FrontTrak (180), 1.8L, 2.0,
3.2L, S Line, RS (Premium,
Premium Plus, Prestige),
2.0T (Premium Plus,
Prestige), RS
4.2 Quattro, 5.2, 4.0 TFSI

(AUDI)
Model Years

Body Types

1995-2015,
9999

04, 06, 09

1996-2015,
9999

01,04,06,09

1997-2015,
9999
2000-15,9999

04
01-03, 09

2001-03;
2007-09;
2012-15, 9999
2001-05, 9999

02,04,09

2.0T/FSI, 3.2 S Line
(Premium, Premium Plus),
TDI, 1.8, Prestige
2.0, 2.0T, 3.2, (Premium,
Premium Plus, Prestige)
4.2, 5.2, Spyder, GT
(Spyder), (V8, V10, V10
Plus)
Premium, Premium Plus,
Prestige, (3.0 TFSI/TDI)
4.2, 3.0T (Premium Plus,
Prestige)
4.2 Prestige, V8
3.0T Prestige, Premium
Plus

2006-15,9999

01, 03, 05, 09

2008-15,9999

01,02,09

2008-15,9999

01,02,09

2008-10,
2012-15, 9999
2008-15,9999

04, 05, 09

2013-15,9999
2012-15,9999

01,02,09
04

4.0TFSI Prestige

2013-15,9999

QuattroWagon, 2.7T, 4.2

01,02,09

249

MAKE:

Audi (Cont.)

Model Codes
AUTOMOBILES (Cont.)
057 S7
058 RS7
059 S3
398 Other (automobile)

(32)
Includes

Model Years

4.0, Prestige
4.0 TFSI
Premium Plus, Prestige

399 Unknown (automobile)
LIGHT TRUCKS
401 Q7
402 Q5
403 Allroad (2013 on. For
2001-2005 see model
047.)
404 SQ5
405 Q3
499 Unknown (light truck)

3.6/4.2, 3.0T, TDI
(Premium, Premium Plus,
Prestige) Hybrid, S Line,
2.0T, 3.2, 3.0T (Premium,
Premium Plus, Prestige),
Hybrid
2.0T (Premium, Premium
Plus, Prestige)
Premium Plus, Prestige
2.0 TFSI (Premium Plus,
Prestige)

999 Unknown (AUDI)
MAKE:

Austin/Austin Healey

Model Codes
AUTOMOBILES
031 Marina
032 America
033 Healey Sprite
034 Healey 100/3000
035 Mini/Mini Cooper/Mini
Moke
398 Other (automobile)

399 Unknown (automobile)

250

(AUDI)

2013-15,9999
2014-15,9999
2015
1970-2015,
9999
1970-2015,
9999

GT
Mark II, MKIV/Princess
(Special Order)
M, S, Mark III
850, S
A35, A40, Westminster,
Cambridge, Somerset,
Seven, Hereford, Sports,
Sheerline, Atlantic,
Countryman, Dorset, Devon

04, 05, 09
05
05
01-06,08,09
01-06,08,09

2007-15,9999

2008-15,9999

2013-15,9999

2014-15,9999
2015

14
14

2007-15,9999

1966-2015,
9999

49, 99

(33)
Includes

Body Types

(AUST)
Model Years

Body Types

1973-75,9999
1968-72,9999
1958-70,9999

01-04,08,09
02
01,04,09

1953-67,9999
1960-69,9999

01
01,02,06,09

1947-75,9999

01-04,06,08,09

1947-75,9999

01-04,06,08,09

2015

MAKE:

BMW

Model Codes
AUTOMOBILES
031 1600/1800/2000/2002
032 Coupe (before 1975)
033 Bavarian Sedan
034 3-series

035 5-series

036 6-series
037 7-series

038 8-series
039 Z3
040 Z8
041 V5
042 Z4
043 1-Series
044 X6
045
046
047
048

2015

i3
i8
4-Series
2-Series

(34)
Includes

(BMW)
Model Years

Ti, Tii, Tilux, TR, CS,
1955-76,9999
1600-2, SA, Turbo, A, 1500,
2600, 501, 502
2800CS, 3.0CS, 3.0csi,
1956-76,9999
3.0csl, 3200, 503, 507, M1,
1802, 2000c/cs, 2002
2500, 2800, 2.8 Barvarian
1969-74,9999
1971-2015,
3.0s/si, 318i/is/ti/ic, 320i,
323iS/iC/i/Ci,325e/es/i/iS/ii/ 9999
C/Ci/Cic/xi/iT/xiT, Sport
Wagon (iT/xiT), 328 d/i/iS/ti/
iC/Ci/x/xi, xDrive, 330i/Ci/
Cic/xi, 335i/is/xi/d, xDrive,
ActiveHybrid, M3, Gran
Tourismo
1975-2015,
524i,525i/xi,528i/iT/xi,
9999
xDrive, 530i/iT/xi,533i,
535d/i/xi,xDrive, 550i,
xDrive 540/i/iA/iT, TD Sport
Wagon,525i/iT, (wagon
1992-93), M5, 545i, 550i/ix,
Gran Turismo, ActiveHybrid
5
1976-89,
630, 633, 635, csi, M6, L6,
640i, 645Ci, 650i/ix, Neiman 2004-15,9999
Marcus Edition, xDrive
1978-2015,
733i, 735i, L7, 740 d/i/L/iL
9999
/iA/Li Protection,750 i/iL/Li/
Lxi/ix Protection,745i/Li,
760i/Li, Alpina B7,
Individual, ActiveHybrid 7,
xDrive
840Ci/cia, 850i/iS/Ci/Cia
1991-97,9999
1996-2003,
2.3/2.8/2.5i/3.0i Roadster,
9999
MRoadster, MCoupe,
2.8/3.0i Coupe
2000-03,9999
2007-08,9999
2.5i, 2.8i, 3.0i/si, 3.5i/is,
2003-15,9999
Z4M/s/sDrive
128i, 135i/is, Electric
2008-14,9999
35i, 50i, ActiveHybrid, M,
2008-15,9999
xDrive
2014-15,9999
Base, Range Extender
2014-15,9999
428i, 435i, xDrive, M4
2014-15,9999
228i, M235i
2015

Body Types
01-04,08,09
01-03,09
04
01-04,06,08,09

04-06,09

01,02,04,09
04

02
01-03, 09
01
06
01,02,09
01,02,09
05
03
02
01, 02, 04, 09
01, 02, 09

251

MAKE:

BMW (Cont.)

Model Codes
AUTOMOBILES (Cont.)
049 X4
398 Other (automobile)

(34)
Includes

Model Years

28i, 35i

2015
1955-2015,
9999
1955-2015,
9999

399 Unknown (automobile)
LIGHT TRUCKS
401 X5

402 X3
403 X1

3.0i/si, 4.0is, 4.4i, 4.6is,
4.8is, M, 35d, Premium,
35d/i, 50i, Sport Activity,
Premium
25i, 28 d/i, 3.0i/xDrive, 35i,
4.8is, M Sports Package
28i/is, 35i, xDrive

499 Unknown (light truck)
MOTORCYCLES
703 125-349cc
705 450-749cc
706 750cc and over
709 Unknown cc
999 Unknown (BMW)

MAKE:

Buick

Model Codes
AUTOMOBILES
001 Special/Skylark

002 LeSabre/Centurion/
Wildcat
003 Electra/Electra 225/Park
Avenue (1991-on)
004 Roadmaster

252

(BMW)

GS (350, 400, 455), Deluxe
GS California, Sport
Wagon, Custom
Roadmaster (1946-59),
Skylark Edition
Estate Wagon, Invicta,
Custom, Limited, T-Type,
Ltd, C.M.I, LE, Celebration
Edition, Best Seller
Limited, Park Avenue, Ultra,
Base, Prestige, SE
Estate Wagon, Limited

05
01-04,06,08,09
01-04,06,08,09

2000-15,9999

2004-15,9999

2012-15, 9999

2000-15,9999

1948-66,9999
1950-2003;
2006-15,9999
1969-2015,
9999
1948-2015,
9999

80
80

1948-2015,
9999

49, 99

(18)
Includes

Body Types

80
80

(BUIC)
Model Years

Body Types

1936-73, 9999

01,02,04,06,
08,09

1959-2005,
9999

01,02,04,06,
08,09

1959-2005,
9999
1991-96,9999

01,02,04,06,
08,09
04,06,09

2015

MAKE:

Buick (Cont.)

Model Codes
AUTOMOBILES (Cont.)
005 Riviera
007 Century

008 Apollo/Skylark
010 Regal (RWD only)
012 Skyhawk
015 Skylark (76-85)
018 Somerset/Skylark
019 Regal (2011 on)
020 Regal (FWD)
021 Reatta
022 LaCrosse
023 Lucerne
024 Enclave (2008-12 model
years only. For 2013 on
see model 421.)
025 Verano
031 Opel Kadett
032 Opel Manta
033 Opel GT
034 Opel Isuzu
398 Other (automobile)

(18)
Includes

2015

Model Years

S-Type, T-Type, Coupe
1963-93;
Anniversrary Edition, Silver
1995-99,9999
Arrow
Luxus, T-Type, FWD (821954-2005,
on), Custom, Regal (72-77), 9999
Limited, LE, SE, Base,
Special
Skylark (75), S/R
1973-76,9999
Turbo, Luxus, Grand
1978-88,9999
National GNX, T-Type
S-Type, Roadhawk, T-Type, 1975-80;
GT
1982-89,9999
S/R, S, Limited, Sport,
1975-85,9999
T-Type
Skylark (86-on),
1985-98,9999
Sommerset, GS, Regal,
Custom, Limited, T-Type
GS, CXL, Turbo, Premium I/ 2011-15,9999
II, Base
Limited, Custom, Gold,
1987-2004,
Grand Sport GS, LS, Sport
9999
1988-91,9999
CX, CXL (FWD/AWD),
2005-15,9999
CXS, Super, Leather,
Premium I/II, Touring
CX, CXL V6, CXL V8, CXS, 2006-11,9999
Super, Special Edition
CX, CXL (FWD/AWD)
2008-12,9999
Base, Convenience,
Leather, Turbo, Premium
1900, Luxus, Ralley, Sports
Coupe
Deluxe, Sport

399 Unknown (automobile)
LIGHT TRUCKS
401 Rendezvous
402 Rainier

(BUIC)

CX, CXL, Ultra, Plus
CXL, CXL Plus

Body Types
01,02,09
01,02,04,06,
08,09
02-04,08,09
02,04,06,08,09
02-04,06,08,09
02-04,08,09
02,04,08,09
04
02,04,08,09
01,02,09
04
04
06

2012-15,9999

1965-72,9999
1966-75,9999

02,04,06,08,09
02,04,06,08,09

1969-75,9999
1976-79,9999
1965-2015,
9999

02
02,04,08,09
01-04,06,08,09

1950-2015,
9999

01-04,06,08,09

2002-07,9999
2004-07,9999

14
14

253

MAKE:

Buick (Cont.)

Model Codes
LIGHT TRUCKS (Cont.)
404 Encore
421 Enclave (2013 on. See
model 024 for 2008-12
model years.)
441 Terraza

(18)
Includes

Model Years

Convenience, Leather,
Premium, Base
Convenience, Leather,
Premium
CX, CXL

498 Other (light truck)
499 Unknown (light truck)
999 Unknown (BUICK)

MAKE:

004 Limousine
005 Eldorado
006 Commercial Series
009 Allante’
014 Seville

Elegante, STS, SLS
D’Oro
Sport

018

Luxury, Luxury Sport, VSeries, 2.8L, 3.0L, 3.6L,
6.2L Supercharged,
Premium, Performance,
Standard, Luxury
Neiman Marcus Edition,
V-Series, Standard,
Platinum

019 XLR

254

Coupe de Ville, Sedan de
Ville, Fleetwood Brougham,
Fleetwood 60 Special,
d’Elegance, Concours,
DHS, DTS
Fleetwood 75, Formal,
Deville-based, DTS
Biarritz, El-doro, Touring
Coupe, ESC, ETC
Ambulance/Hearse,
Professional

016 Cimarron
017 Catera
CTS/CTC

2013-15,9999

2005-07,9999

2002-07,
2013-15,9999
2002-07,
2013-15,9999

14, 15, 20

(19)
Includes

Body Types

2013-15,9999

1946-2015,
9999

Cadillac

Model Codes
AUTOMOBILES
003 Deville/Fleetwood (except
Limousine)

(BUIC)

14,15, 20
49

(CADI)
Model Years

Body Types

1940-2005,
9999

01,02,04,08,09

1940-2015,
9999
1967-2003,
9999
1940-2015,
9999
1987-93,9999
1976-2004,
9999
1982-88,9999
1997-2001,
9999
2003-15,9999

2004-09,9999

01,02,09
09-12
01,02,09
04
04
04
02-04,06,09

2015

MAKE:

Cadillac (Cont.)

Model Codes
AUTOMOBILES (Cont.)
020 SRX

021 STS
022 DTS
023 XTS

024 ATS
025 ELR
398 Other (automobile)

(19)
Includes
V6, V8, Sports Package,
2.8L Turbo, 3.0L, Luxury,
Performance, Premium,
Standard
V6, V8, V-Series, Luxury,
Premium, Standard,
Platinum, 3.6L
Luxury I, II, III, V8, 3.6L,
Performance, Platinum
Standard, Luxury, Premium,
Platinum, V-Sport,
Limousine, Funeral
Hearst
2.0L/2.5L/3.6L (Standard,
Luxury, Performance,
Premium, Turbo)

399 Unknown (automobile)
LIGHT TRUCKS
421 Escalade/ESV (from 2004
on; see 431 for 2003 only)
431 Escalade ESV (2003 only)
480 Escalade EXT (from 2002
-2006; for 2007 on see
481)
481 Escalade EXT (from 2007
on; see 480 for 20022006)
498 Other (light truck)
499 Unknown (light truck)
999 Unknown (CADILLAC)

2015

4WD, 2WD, Standard,
Platinum, Limousine,
Hybrid, Luxury, Premium
Luxury, Premium, Platinum
4WD, 2WD
4WD, 2WD, Luxury,
Premium, Standard

(CADI)
Model Years

Body Types

2004-15,9999

2005-11,9999

2006-11,9999

2013-15,9999

04, 09, 11, 12

2013-15,9999

02,04,09

2014-15,9999
1965-2015
9999
1950-2015,
9999

02
01,02,04,06,
08,09,11, 12
01,02,04,06,
08,09,11, 12

1999-2000;
2002-15,9999

2003, 9999
2002-06,9999

16
31

2007-13, 9999

1999-2000;
2002-15, 9999
1999-2000;
2002-15,9999
1940-2015,
9999

15, 16, 31
19,39,49
49

255

MAKE:

Chevrolet

Model Codes
AUTOMOBILES
001 Chevelle/Malibu
(thru ’83)
002 Impala/Caprice (For SS
from 2014 on, use 20021.)

004 Corvette

006 Corvair
007 El Camino
008 Nova (-’79)
009 Camaro
010 Monte Carlo (thru ’88)
011 Vega
012 Monza
013 Chevette
015 Citation
016 Cavalier
017 Celebrity
019 Beretta/Corsica
020 Lumina
021 SS (For 2014 on. For
Impala/Caprice SS use
model 20-002.)
022 Cobalt
023 HHR
024 Traverse (2009-2012
only. For 2013 on see
model 423.)
025 Cruze

256

(20)
Includes
Classic, Councours,
Laguna**, S-3, Greenbriar,
Estate, 300, SS-396/454,
Deluxe
Biscayne, Belair, Super
Sport, Classic, Classic
Brougham, Townsman,
Brookwood, Kingswood,
LS, LT, LTZ, Sport, SS,
Luxury
Stingray, C5, Z06, Z06-R
50th Anniversary Edition,
Commemorative Edition,
Indy Pace Car, ZR1, Grand
Sport, 427
Monza, Corsa, 500, Yenko
Royal Knight, SS
Chevy II, LN, LE, Concours,
SS-350/396, Rally
SS, RS, LT, Berlinetta,
Iroc-Z, Z/28, LS, LT, ZL1
LS, SS, Aerocoupe,
Landau, Z34
GT, Cosworth
Spyder, 2 + 2, Towne
Coupe
S, Scooter, CS
X-11, Citation II
CS, RS, Z24, LS, Sport,
Special Value Package
CS, Eurosport, VR
GT, GTZ, LT, LTZ, PX, QX,
KX, LX, MX, Z26
Z-34, Euro, LTZ, LS

(CHEV)
Model Years

Body Types

1963-83,9999

01,02,04,06,
08,09

1955-96;
2000-15,9999

01,02,04,06,
08,09

1953-82;
1984-2015,
9999

01-03,09

1960-69,9999

01,02,04,06,
08,09
10
01-04,06,09

1958-94,9999
1962-79,9999
1967-2002,
2010-15,9999
1970-88,9999

01-03,09
02

1971-77,9999
1974-80,9999

02-04,06,08,09
02-04,06,08,09

1976-87,9999
1980-85,9999
1982-2005,
9999
1982-90,9999
1982-96,9999

03-05,07,09
02-05,07,09
01-04,06,08,09
02,04,06,08,09
02,04,05,08,09

1990-2001,
9999
2014-15,9999

02,04,06,08,09

LS, LT, LTZ, SS, SS, Base
Supercharged, Sport, VL
LS, 1LT, 2LT, SS, Panel
LS, LT, LTZ

2005-11,9999

02,04,09

2006-11,9999
2009-12,9999

06
06

LS, LT, LTZ, ECO, Turbo
Diesel

2011-15,9999

02, 04, 09

LS, LT, LTZ

2015

MAKE:

Chevrolet (Cont.)

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES (Cont.)
026 Volt
027 Caprice PPV
028 Sonic
029 Spark
031 Spectrum
032 Nova/Geo Prism/Prism
033 Sprint/Geo Sprint
034 Geo Metro/Metro
035 Geo Storm
036 Monte Carlo (1995 on)
037 Malibu/Malibu Maxx
038 SSR
039 Aveo/Aveo 5
398 Other (automobile)
399 Unknown (automobile)

(20)
Includes

Base, LS, LT, LTZ, RS
LS, LT, EV
CL, NUMMI-built vehicles,
LSi
(Cultus - foreign)
Lsi, Xfi
Gsi
FWD, LS, Z34, LS, LT, LTZ,
SS, Sport Edition
Base, LS, LT, LTZ, SS,
Hybrid, ECO, Classic
Signature Series, LS, LS5,
1SS, 2SS, 3SS
Base, LS, LT, Special Value
Fleetmaster, Fleetline,
Styline Special, One-fifty,
Bel-Air, Del Ray, Biscayne

(CHEV)
Model Years

Body Types

2011-16,9999
2011-15,9999
2012-15,9999
2013-15,9999
1985-89,9999
1985-2002,
9999
1985-89,9999
1989-2001,
9999
1985-93,9999
1995-2007,
9999
1997-2015,
9999
2003-06,9999

05
04
04,05,09
05
02-05,08,09
02-05,07-09

2004-11,9999
1930-2016,
9999

04,05,09
01-11

03,05,07,09
01,03-05,07,09
02,03,09
02
04-06,09
10

1930-2016,
01-11
9999
**Nomad, Malibu , Laguna and other similar terms may be used on all models as a reflection of
trim type.
LIGHT TRUCKS
401 S-10 Blazer/TrailBlazer
(2002 only; for 2003 on,
see 403)
402 Geo Tracker/Tracker
403 TrailBlazer (from 2003 on;
for 2002, see 401)
404 Equinox
405 Captiva
406 Trax
421 Fullsize Blazer/Tahoe
422 Suburban (from 2004 on;
see 431 for 1950-2003)
423 Traverse (2013 on. For
2009-2012 see model
024.)

2015

S-10 p/u based,LS,LT,ZR2
TrailBlazer, Xtreme, ZR2,
LS, LT, LTZ, EXT
Lsi, LT, ZR2
LS, LT, LTZ, North Face
Edition, EXT, SS (LS/LT)
LS, LT, LTZ, Sport
Sport, LS, LT, LTZ
K-series, fullsized p/u based,
LS, LT, LTD, LTZ, 4WD,
Z71, Hybrid
LS, LT, LTZ, Z71
LS, LT, LTZ

1982-2005,
9999

1989-2004,
9999
2003-09,9999

14
14

2005-16,9999
2012-15,9999
2015
1969-2015,
9999

14
14
14
15

2004-15,9999

2013-15,9999

257

MAKE:

Chevrolet (Cont.)

Model
Codes
LIGHT TRUCKS (Cont.)
431 Suburban (from 19502003;see 422 for 2004 on)
441 Astro Van
442 Lumina APV
443 Venture

444 Uplander
445 City Express
461 G-series van
466 P-series van
470 Van derivative
471 S-10/T-10 Pickup
472 LUV
473 Colorado
481 C, K, R, V-Series
pickup/Silverado

482 Avalanche
498 Other (light truck)

(20)
Includes
all models (C1500/2500,
K1500/2500), LS, LT, Z71
Minivan, Cargo, Passenger,
LT, LS, Conversion
Minivan, MPV
Cargo, Passenger, Plus, LS,
LT, Value, Value Plus,
Extended, W. B. Edition,
Entertainer
Base, LS, LT, LT(AWD), LT
Entertainer
LS, LT
Beauville, Chevy Van, Sport
Van, G10-G30, Express,
G1500/2500/3500, LT, LS
Parcel Van, Hi-cube
4 x 4, Fleetside, Extended,
Crew, LS, S-10, Xtreme,
ZR2, ZR5, electric pickup*
Imported pickup
Z71, Z85, Sport, LS, LT,
Work, Value
C10-C30, K10-K30,
R10-R30, V10-V30,
Silverado: 1500 (C-K, HD),
2500 (C-K, HD), 3500 (CK),
ST, LS, LT, Z71, Fleetside,
Sportside, CrewCab, SS,
Hybrid, LTZ, WT, High
Country
1500/2500 Premium, North
Face Edition, Z71, Z66, LS,
LT, LTZ, Black Diamond

499 Unknown (light truck)
MOTOR HOME
850 Motor Home
MEDIUM/HEAVY TRUCKS
870 Medium/Heavy Van-Based
Vehicle

258

(CHEV)
Model Years
1950-2003,
9999
1985-2005,
9999
1990-96,9999
1997-2005,
9999

Body Types
16
20
20
20

2005-08,9999

2015
1957-2015,
9999

20
21,22,28,29

1965-99,9999
1965-2015,
9999
1982-2005,
9999

22,28,29
28,29

1972-91,9999
2004-12,
2015,9999
1940-2015,
9999

30,32,40,42
30,32,40,42
30
31,32,39,40,42

2002-13,9999

1940-2016,
9999

14-16,19-22,
28-32, 39,40,42,
45,48
14-16,19-22,
28-32,39,40,42,
45,48,49

1932-2016,
9999
Truck-based

1949-2015,
9999

65,73

Express 3500/4500

1957-2015,
9999

55, 61-64

2015

MAKE:

Chevrolet (Cont.)

Model
Codes
MEDIUM/HEAVY TRUCKS (Cont.)
880 Medium/Heavy Pickup
(pickup-style only – over
10,000 lbs)
881 Medium/Heavy – CBE

(20)
Includes

(CHEV)
Model Years
1953-2015,
9999

C50/60/65; M60/65;
H70/80/90; J70/80/90;
Bison 90; Kodiak (C4500)
all other CBE
T60/65, all other COE low
entry
Titan 90, all other COE high
entry

1955-2015,
9999

60-64,66,
71,72,78

1960-2015,
9999
1971-80,9999

60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78

S-60 series

1967-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999

989 Unknown (bus)
998 Other (vehicle)

1951-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999
1949-2015,
9999

1934-2015,
9999

999 Unknown (CHEVROLET)

1933-2016,
9999
** Use code “989” (bus) if the frontal plane or the engine location is unknown.
MAKE:

Chrysler/Daimler Chrysler

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES
009 Cordoba
010 New Yorker (thru 78)/
Newport/5th Avenue/
Imperial (1979-83)
(excludes all FWD)
014 New Yorker/E-Class/
Imperial (1990-93)/
Fifth Avenue

2015

Body Types

(06)

Includes
Crown, 300, LS
Town and Country,
Brougham, Custom, Royal,
300 (thru 1971) Frank
Sinatra editions (FS), Royal
Limo, Windsor Wagon/
Ambulance
FWD vehicles, Turbo, Salon

50-52,58,59
50-52,58,59
50-52,58,59
92,93,97
49,79,99

(CHRY)
Model Years

Body Types

1975-83,9999
1946-89,9999

02
01,02,04,06,
08,09,11,12

1980-93,9999

02,04,08,09

259

MAKE:

Chrysler/Daimler Chrysler (Cont.) (06)

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES (Cont.)
015 Laser
016 LeBaron

031 TC (Maserati Sport)
035 Conquest
041 Concorde

Turbo, XE, XT
Premium, Salon (RWD),
Landau, LX, Town and
Country cars and wagon,
Medallion, FWD except
GTS or GTC Sport Coupe
GT, GTS-Turbo, GTCSport Coupe
Limited, LX, Touring, S,
Super S, C
Standard, GTS, TA, GT3-R,
GTS-R
Turbo Convertible
TSI, Turbo
LX, Lxi, Limited

042 LHS

New Yorker (1994-on)

043 Sebring

JX, Jxi, LX, Lxi,GTC, Tsi,
Limited, Plus, Platinum,
Touring, Signature Series
LX, Lxi

017 LeBaron GTS/GTC
018 200
021 SRT Viper

044 Cirrus
050 Executive
051 300M/300/300C/300S

052 PT Cruiser

053 Prowler (for 2002)
(1997,1999-01 see
Plymouth)
054 Pacifica
055 Crossfire

260

Includes

Sedan and Limo
Special, Platinum, Touring,
Limited, SRT, Signature
Series, SRT8, LX, SRT,
Heritage, Great American,
Walter P. Chrysler, Glacier,
Executive Series, Luxury,
Motown Edition, John
Varvatos Edition
Base, Touring, Limited, GT,
Turbo, Dream Cruiser,
Platinum, Series 4,
Signature Series, Street
Cruiser, Pacific Coast
Highway, LX, Sunset Blvd.
Roadster, Black Tie Edition
Premium, Luxury, Touring,
Signature Series, LX
Limited, SRT6, Standard

(CHRY)
Model Years

Body Types

1984-86,9999
1977-94,9999

03
01-09

1982-95,9999

01-09

2011-15,9999

01,04,09

2013-14,9999

1988-91,9999
1987-89,9999
1993-2004,
9999
1994-97;
1999-2001,
9999
1995-2011,
9999

01-03,09
03
04

1995-2000,
9999
1983-87,9999
1999-2015,
9999

04
01,02,04,08,09

04,09,11,12
04

2001-10,9999

01,06,09

2002

2004-08,9999

01,02,09

2015

MAKE:

Chrysler/Daimler Chrysler (Cont.) (06)

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES (Cont.)
398 Other (automobile)

Includes

Model Years

399 Unknown (automobile)
LIGHT TRUCKS
421 Aspen
441 Town and Country

442 Voyager (2000 on;
1984-00 see Plymouth)

(CHRY)
Body Types

1946-2015,
9999

01-09,11,12

1946-2015,
9999

01-09,11,12

Limited, Signature, Hybrid
2007-09,9999
Minivan, SX, L, LX, Lxi,
1990-2015,
Ltd., SWB, LWB, AWD,
9999
FWD, eL, eX, Touring,
Platinum, Signature Series,
Limited, 30th Anniversary, S
2000-03,9999
Base, Popular, Value, LX,
eC

15
20

499 Unknown (light truck)

1990-2015,
9999

15,20,29

999 Unknown (CHRYSLER)

1946-2015,
9999

MAKE:

Coda

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES
001 Coda

(26)
Model Years

Body Types

2012-13,9999

04,05,09

398 Other (automobile)

2012-13,9999

04,05,09

399 Unknown (automobile)

2012-13,9999

04,05,09

MAKE:

Includes

Daewoo

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES
031 Lanos

(64)
Includes
S, SE, SX, Sport

032 Nubira

SX, CDX, SE

033 Leganza

SE, SX, CDX

398 Other (automobile)
399 Unknown (automobile)

2015

(DAEW)
Model Years
1999-2002,
9999
1999-2002,
9999
1999-2002,
9999
1999-2002,
9999
1999-2002,
9999

Body Types
03,04,09
04,06,09
04
03, 04, 05, 06,
07,09
03-07,09

261

MAKE:

Daihatsu

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES
031 Charade

(60)
Includes

Model Years

LIGHT TRUCKS
401 Rocky
999 Unknown (DAIHATSU)
MAKE:

Dodge

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES
001 Dart (1960-76 only. For
2013 on; see model
029.)
002 Coronet/Magnum/
Charger (thru 1978)
003 Polara/Monaco/ Royal
Monaco
004 Viper
005 Challenger (1970-74
only; see model 028 for
2008 on)
006 Aspen
007 Diplomat
008 Omni/Charger (1983-87;
for 2006 on see vehicle
model 024)
009
010
011
012
013

Mirada
St Regis
Aries (K)
400
Rampage (car-based
pickup)
014 600
015 Daytona
016 Lancer
017 Shadow

262

(DAIH)
Body Types

1988-94,9999

03,04,09

1990-92,9999

1988-94,9999

03, 04,09,14

(07)

(DODG)

Includes

Model Years

Body Types

170, 270, Custom, GT,
Swinger, Demon, 340, 360,
Special, Sport, Special
Edition
Brougham, Custom,
Superbee, 500, Crestwood,
Deluxe, XE, R/T, 440, SE,
Police
Custom, Special, Police,
Taxi, Crestwood, Brougham
RT/10, GTS, ACR, SRT-10

1960-76,9999

01,02,04,06,
08,09

1964-79,9999

01,02,04,06,
08,09

1964-78,9999

01,02,04,06,
08,09
01,02,09

R/T, T/A, Rallye
Custom, Special Edition,
Police, R/T, Sport
Medallion, S, Salon, SE
024, DeTomaso, Miser,
Charger 2.2, GLH, Custom,
Shelby, GLHS, America,
Expo, SE
Police, Taxi
Custom, SE, LE
LS
2.2, GT, Sport
ES, Turbo, SE
Turbo Z, C/S Competition,
Shelby Z/CSX, Pacifica,
IROC R/T
Pacifica, Turbo, ES, Shelby
ES, Turbo, America

1992-2010,
2015, 9999
1970-74,9999

01,02,09

1976-80,9999

02,04,06,08,09

1977-89,9999
1978-90,9999

02,04,06,08,09
03,05,07,09

1980-83,9999
1979-81,9999
1981-89,9999
1982-83,9999
1982-84,9999

02
04
02,04,06,08,09
01,02,04,08,09
10

1983-88,9999
1984-93,9999

01,02,04,08,09
03

1985-89,9999
1987-94,9999

02-09
01-03,05,07,09

2015

MAKE:

Dodge (Cont.)

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES (Cont.)
018 Dynasty
019 Spirit
020 Neon
021 Magnum
024 Charger (2006 on; see
model 008 for 1983-87)

025 Caliber
026 Avenger
027 Journey

028 Challenger (2008 on; for
1970-74 see model 005)

029 Dart (2013 on. See
model 001 for 1960-1976
model years.)
033 Challenger
034 Colt (includes 2WD
Vista)
035
039
040
041

Conquest
Stealth
Monaco
Intrepid

042 Avenger (see model 026
for 2008 on)
043 Stratus
398 Other (automobile)
399 Unknown (automobile)

2015

(07)
Includes
ES, Shelby, R/T
Competition, Highline, SE,
ES, ACR R/T, SRT-4, SXT
SE, SXT, R/T, SRT8
Daytona, SRT8, R/T, SE,
SXT, Super Bee, 3.5L,
Rallye, Plus, Max, Road
and Track, Blacktop, 100th
Anniversary, Red Line
SE, SXT, R/T, SRT4, Sport,
Heat, Mainstreet, Rush,
Uptown, Express
SE, SXT, R/T, Heat,
Express, Blacktop
SE, SXT, R/T, Heat, Hero,
Uptown, Express, Crew,
Mainstreet, Lux, American
Value Package, Blacktop,
AVP, SXT Plus, Limited,
Crossroad
SRT (392, Hellcat), SE, R/T
(Plus, Classic, Scat Pack) ,
Plum Crazy Edition,
Classic, SXT, SXT Plus,
Rallye Redline, Blacktop,
Shaker, 100th Anniversary
Limited, Rallye, SE, SXT,
Special Edition, Mopar '13,
Aero, GT, Blacktop
all import
GT, Custom, Carousel,
Premier, Deluxe, E, DL,
GTS, Turbo, RS
Turbo
RT, ES
ES, R/T, S, SE, SXT
ES
ES, SE, R/T, Plus, SXT

(DODG)
Model Years

Body Types

1988-93,9999
1989-95,9999
1995-2005,
9999
2005-08,9999
2006-15,9999

02,04,08,09
01,02,04,08,09
02,04,08,09

2007-12,9999

2008-15,9999

2009-15,9999

2008-15,9999

2013-15,9999

1978-83,9999
1974-94,9999

02
02-09

1984-89,9999
1991-96,9999
1990-92,9999
1993-2004,
9999
1995-2000,
9999
1995-2007,
9999
1946-2015,
9999
1946-2015,
9999

03
02,03,09
02,04,08,09
04

06
04

02
02,04,08,09
01-10,12
01-10,12

263

MAKE:

Dodge (Cont.)

Model
Codes
LIGHT TRUCKS
401 RaiderSport
402 Durango (1998-2003
only; see model 422 for
2004 on)
403 Nitro
421 Ramcharger
422 Durango (2004 on; see
402 for 1998-2003
models)
441 Vista Van
442 Caravan/Grand Caravan

443 Ram C/V
444 Promaster City
461 B-Series Van/fRam Van/
Ram Wagon

462 Sprinter
463 Ram Promaster
470 Van Derivative
471 D50, Colt pickup, Ram
50/Ram 100
472 Dakota

264

(07)
Includes

(DODG)
Model Years

Body Types

Sport
Sport, R/T, SLT, SXT, Plus,
Blacktop

1986-94,9999
1998-2003,
9999

14
14

SLT, SXT, R/T, SE, Heat,
Detonator, Shock

2007-11,9999

1974-93,9999
2004-15,9999

15
15

1984-91,9999
1984-2015,
9999

20
20

2014-15,9999
2015
1963-2003,
9999

20
20
21,28,40-42,48

2003-09,9999
2014-15,9999
1971-2015,
9999
1979-93,9999

21,28
21,28
28,29

ST, SLT, Limited, SXT,
Adventurer, Hybrid,
Express, Crew, LUX,
Citadel, R/T, Blacktop, Plus,
Rallye
4x4 (Only)
Mini Ram Van, 112 & 19
WB, SE, ES, LE, Sport, EX,
eC, eL, AWD, Sport, EPICelec* SXT, C/V, Special
Edition, Cargo, Hero,
American Value Package,
R/T, Crew, Blacktop, AVP,
30th Anniversary
Tradesman
Cargo, Passenger
Sportsman, Royal,
Maxiwagon, Ram, B1500B3500, Tradesman, Ram
Maxivan (1500, 2500,
3500), Ram Wagon (1500,
2500, 3500) Conversion,
Cargo Van (1500: van, nonmaxi van, maxi van; 2500:
non-maxi, maxi van; 3500:
non-maxi), Dodge Wagon
(1500, 2500, 3500)
Cargo, Passenger
Cargo, Chassis, Cutaway
Kary Van, Parcel Van

R/T, Limited Edition, Quad
Cab, Club Cab, Plus, SLT,
ST, SXT, Sport, Laramie,
TRX, SE, Big Horn, Lone
Star, TRX4

1987-2012,
9999

30,32
30-33,39,40

2015

MAKE:

Dodge (Cont.)

Model
Codes
LIGHT TRUCKS (Cont.)
481 D, W-Series pickup
482 Ram Pickup

498 Other (light truck)

(07)
Includes
Custom, Royal, Ram, Miser,
D100-D350, W100-W350
1500 (Limited, Longhorn,
Laramie, Sport , Big Horn,
SLT, Express, ST,
Tradesman, Outdoorsman)
2500 (Limited, Laramie,
Longhorn, Power Wagon,
Big Horn, ST, SLT,
Outdoorsman), 3500
(Limited, Laramie,
Longhorn, Power Wagon,
Big Horn, ST, SLT,
Outdoorsman), Quad Cab,
SLT, SLT+, ST, SRT-10,
Laramie, Rumble Bee,
Power Wagon, Daytona,
TRX Off-Road, Sport, Black
Ram, Red Wings Edition,
Lone Star

499 Unknown (light truck)

MOTOR HOME
850 Motor Home
MEDIUM/HEAVY TRUCKS
870 Medium/Heavy VanBased Vehicle
880 Medium/Heavy Pickup
(pickup-style only – over
10,000 lbs)
881 Medium/Heavy – CBE
882 Medium/Heavy – COE
low entry
883 Medium/Heavy – COE
high entry
884 Medium/Heavy –
Unknown engine
Location

2015

(DODG)
Model Years

Body Types

1955-93,9999

31,32,40,42

1994-2015,
9999

31,32,40,42

1979-2015,
9999

14,15,19,20-22,
28-33,39-42,45,
48
14,15,19,20-22,
28-33,39-42,45,
48,49

1949-2015,
9999

Truck-based

1952-2015,
9999

65,73

Sprinter, Promaster

1971-2009,
2014-15,9999
1953-2015,
9999

55,61-64

1966-2015,
9999
1967-77,9999

60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78

1967-77,9999
1962-2015,
9999

265

MAKE:

Dodge (Cont.)

Model
Codes
MEDIUM/HEAVY TRUCKS (Cont.)
890 Medium/Heavy – COE
entry position
unknown
898 Other (medium/heavy
truck)
BUSES
981 Bus**: Conventional
(Engine out front)

(07)
Includes

(DODG)
Model Years

Body Types

1965-77,9999

60-64,66,
71,72,78

1930-2015,
9999

60-64,66,
71,72,78

1966-77,9999

50-52, 58, 59

988 Other (bus)
1965-77,9999
989 Unknown (bus)
1965-77,9999
**Use code “989”(bus) if the frontal plane or the engine location is unknown.

50-52, 58, 59
50-52, 58, 59

(not van based)

OTHER VEHICLE
998 Other (vehicle)
999 Unknown (DODGE)
MAKE:

Eagle*

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES
034 Summit (excludes wagon)
037 Talon
040 Premier
041 Vision
044 Medallion
045 Summit Wagon

Includes

032
033
034
035

124 Spider/Racer
Brava/131
850 (Coupe/Spider)
128

036 X-1/9

266

1952-2015,
9999

49,79,99
(EGIL)

Model Years

DL, LX, ES, ESi
FWD, Tsi, Tsi-FWD, Esi
LX, ES, ES Limited
Esi, Tsi
DL, LX
FWD, AWD, DX, LX
(Mitsubishi)

Fiat

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES
031 124 (Coupe/Sedan)

92,93,97

(10)

398 Other (automobile)
399 Unknown (automobile)
*Note: Eagle model listed under American Motors.
MAKE:

1965-2015,
9999

1989-96,9999
1990-98,9999
1988-92,9999
1993-97,9999
1988-89,9999
1992-96,9999

02-04,08,09
02,03,09
02,04,08,09
04
04,06,09
06

1988-98,9999
1988-98,9999

02-04,06,08,09
02-04,06,08,09

(36)
Includes

Body Types

(FIAT)
Model Years

Sport

1967-75,9999

Spider 2000/1500

1968-83,9999
1975-82,9999
1967-73,9999
1972-79,9999
1975-83,9999

Body Types
01,02,04,06,
08,09
01,02,09
02,04,06,08,09
01,02,09
01,02,04,06,
08,09
01,02,09

2015

MAKE:

Fiat (Cont.)

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES (Cont.)
037 Strada
038 500/500c

398 Other (automobile)

(36)
Includes

Model Years

Abarth, Pop, Sport, Lounge,
e, Cabrio, Turbo, Cattiva,
Gucci, eSport, GQ Edition,
1957 Edition
600, 1100

399 Unknown (automobile)
LIGHT TRUCKS
401 500L
402 500X
499 Unknown (light truck)

Pop, Easy, Trekking,
Lounge
Pop, Easy, Trekking,
Lounge, Trekking Plus

MEDIUM/HEAVY TRUCKS
882 Medium/Heavy – COE
low entry
883 Medium/Heavy – COE
high entry
890 Medium/Heavy – COE
entry position
unknown
898 Other (medium/heavy
truck)

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES
001 Falcon
002 Fairlane

2015

03,05,07,09
02,03,09

1967-83,
2011-15,9999
1967-83,
2011-15, 9999

01-09

2014-15,9999

2016

2014-16,9999

14, 19

1967-83,9999

60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78

1967-83,9999

Ford

FuturaSprint, GT, Futura
Torino (1968-70), 500,
Brougham

01-09

1967-83,9999

60-64,66,
71,72,78

1967-83,9999
1967-83;
2011-16, 9999

92,93,97
99

(12)
Includes

Body Types

1979-83,9999
2012-15,9999

1967-83,9999

OTHER VEHICLE
998 Other (vehicle)
999 Unknown (FIAT)
MAKE:

(FIAT)

(FORD)
Model Years
1960-70,9999
1955-70,9999

Body Types
02,04,06,08,09
01,02,04,06,
08,09

267

MAKE:

Ford (Cont.)

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES (Cont.)
003 Mustang/Mustang II

004 Thunderbird (all sizes)

005 LTD II
006 LTD/Custom/Galaxy (all
sizes)
007 Ranchero
008 Maverick
009 Pinto
010 Torino/Gran Torino/Elite
011 Granada
012 Fairmont
013 Escort/EXP/ZX2
015 Tempo
016 Crown Victoria
017 Taurus/Taurus X

018
021
022
023

Probe
Five Hundred
Freestyle
Fusion

024 Edge
025 Flex
026 City

268

(12)
Includes
Mach(I), Boss (302),
Grande, Cobra (SVT), Ghia,
SVO, GT (Premium, Base,
Cal Spec. Pkg.), LX, Shelby
(GT500, GT500KR),
Deluxe, Premium, Bullitt, V6
(Base, Premium, Pony),
Fastback (GT, Premium,
Ecoboost)
Landau, Heritage, Turbo
coupe, Elan, Fila, Sport, LX,
SC, Deluxe, Premium,
Pacific Coast Edition, 50th
Anniversary Edition
S, Squire, Brougham
XL, Landau, Ranch Wagon,
Country Squire, S, 500,
Brougham, XL, GT
Falcon/Fairlane based
Torino/LTD II based
Grabber
Pony, MPG, ESS
GT, Cobra, Sport, Squire,
Brougham
ESS, Ghia
Futura, Sport Coupe
L, GL, GLX, SS, GT, LX,
LXE, SE, ZX2, Deluxe,
Preimium, Standard
L, GL, GLX, Sport, 4X4
LX, LTD Crown Victoria, LX
Sport
MT-5, L, GL, LX, SHO, G,
SE, SVG, SES, SEL,
Limited, Eddie Bauer,
Police Interceptor
GL, LX, GT
SE, SEL, Limited
SE, SEL, Limited
I4 S/SE/SEL, V6 SE/SEL,
S, SE, Sport, Hybrid (S,
SE), Titanium (Hybrid,
Energi) Energi (SE)
SE, SEL, SEL Plus, Limited,
Sport
SE, SEL, Limited, Titanium

(FORD)
Model Years

Body Types

1964-2015,
9999

01-03,09

1955-98;
2002-05,9999

01,02,04,08,09

1977-79,9999
1963-86,9999

02,04,06,08,09
01,02,04,06,
08,09

1960-79,9999

1969-78,9999
1971-80,9999
1971-76,9999

02,04,08,09
02,03,06,09
01,02,04,06,
08,09
02,04,06,08,09
02,04,06,08,09
02-09

1975-82,9999
1978-83,9999
1981-2003,
9999
1984-94,9999
1981-2011,
9999
1986-2015,
9999

02,04,08,09
02,04,06,08,09

1988-97,9999
2005-07,9999
2005-07,9999
2006-15,9999

03
04
06
04

2007-15,9999

2009-15,9999
2000-02, 9999

06
02, 04, 09, 94

04,06,09

2015

MAKE:

Ford (Cont.)

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES (Cont.)
027 C-Max
031 English Ford
032 Fiesta
033 Festiva
034 Laser
035 Contour
036 Aspire
037 Focus

038 GT
398 Other (automobile)
399 Unknown (automobile)
LIGHT TRUCKS
401 Bronco (thru 1977)/
Bronco II/Explorer/
Explorer Sport

402 Escape

421 Bronco-full-size (1978-on)
422 Expedition

423 Excursion
441 Aerostar
442 Windstar

2015

(12)
Includes
Hybrid, Energi, SE, SEL
Cortina, Anglia, Zephyr/
Zodiac Mark III
Sport, Ghia, S, SE, SES,
SEL, Titanium, ST
L, GL
Sport, LX, SE, SVT
ZX3, LX, SE, ZTS, SVT,
ZX4, ZX4, ST, ZX5, ZXW,
S, SES, SEL, SE, Titanium,
Electric, ST
Deluxe, Ford Six, Mainline,
Crestline, Futura, Galaxie,
Model A

Eddie Bauer, XL, XLT,
Explorer (1990 on) XLS,
Explorer Sport (Value,
Choice Premium), NBX,
Adrenalin, Ironman, Police
Interceptor, Base, Limited,
Platinum
XLS (Value, Sport, V6
Choice/Premium), XLT
(Choice, Premium, Sport),
Hybrid (Base, Limited), No
Boundaries, Limited, S, SE,
SEL, Titanium
Eddie Bauer, Custom, XL,
XLT
EL, XLS, XLT (4x4,4x2),
Eddie Bauer (4x4,4x2),
NBX, Sport, NBX, Limited,
King Ranch, Funk Master
Flex Edition, XL, Platinum
XLT, Limited (LTD),
Ultimate, Premium, XLS,
Eddie Bauer
XLT, Cargo Van
GL, LX, XLT, Splash, Cargo
Limited, SE, SEL

(FORD)
Model Years

Body Types

2013-15,9999
1946-70,9999

05
02,04,06,08,09

1978-80,
2011-15, 9999
1988-93,9999
1993-94,9999
1994-2001,
9999
1994-97,9999
2000-15,9999

03-05,09
03
02,03,09
04
03,05,07,09
02-06,09

2004-08,9999
1923-2015,
9999

01
01-11, 94

1923-2015,
9999

01-11, 94

1966-77;
1983-2016,
9999

2001-15,9999

1978-96,9999

1996-2015,
9999

2000-05,9999

1985-97,9999
1995-2003,
9999

20
20

269

MAKE:

Ford (Cont.)

Model
Codes
LIGHT TRUCKS (Cont.)
443 Freestar

Includes

Model Years

Body Types
20

2010-15, 9999
1960-2015,
9999

20
21,22,28,29

2014-15,9999
1960-2015,
9999
1982-2012,
9999

21, 28,29
28,29

2001-11,9999

1940-2015,
9999

31,32,39,40,42

498 Other (light truck)

1972-2016,
9999

499 Unknown (light truck)

1928-2016,
9999

14-16,20,21
28-32,40-42,
45, 48
14-16,19-22,
28-32,39-42,45,
48-49

462 Transit
470 Van Derivative
471 Ranger

473 Explorer Sport Trac
481 F-Series pickup

MOTOR HOME
850 Motor Home

Base, LX, SE, S, SEL, SES,
Limited
XL, XLT, Premium, EV
Clubwagon (XL, XLT),
Chateau, (XL,XLT), Parcel
Van, Econoline Wagon
E-150 (XL/XLT/Premium);
E-350 XL/XLT/ Extended),
E-250 (EXT)
Van, Wagon (XL, XLT)

(FORD)

2004-07,9999

444 Transit Connect
461 E-Series Van/Econoline

270

(12)

Supercab, 4x4, STX, SL,
SLT, Splash, XL (Standard/
Super Cab), XLT, Tremor
(Standard/Super Cab/OffRoad/FX4), Edge (Regular/
Super Cab), EV* (electric),
Level II, Sport
2WD/4WD, Value, Choice,
Premium, XLS, XLT,
Adrenalin, Limited
F100, F150-F350, (XL, XLT,
Crew Cab, Super Cab,
Regular Cab, Lariat, Super
Duty, Flareside, Styleside,
SVT Lightning, Fireside,
Harley-Davidson Edition,
King Ranch, SuperCrew,
STX, Heritage Edition,
Sport Edition, FX4, FX2),
F450 (10,000 GVWR and
under) (see model 880 for
F450 >10,000 GVWR),
Amarillo Package, Platinum,
Cabala's, STX, SVT Raptor,
Limited

Truck-based, F-550

1956-2015,
9999

30-32,40,42

65,73

2015

MAKE:

Ford (Cont.)

Model
Codes
MEDIUM/HEAVY TRUCKS
870 Medium/Heavy VanBased Vehicle
880 Medium/Heavy Pickup
(pickup-style only – over
10,000 lbs.)
881 Medium/Heavy – CBE

(12)

(FORD)

Includes

Model Years

Body Types

Econoline E350, E450,
Transit
Super Duty 350, F450/550,
Lariat, XL, XLT, King Ranch

1956-2015,
9999
1953-2016,
9999

55, 61-64

F-5 thru F-8, L-series, FTseries, Super Duty F-Series:
450/550/650/750/800 (does
not include pickup style)
C/CT series, LCF

1953-2016,
9999

60-64,66,
71,72,78

1964-2016,
9999
1967-2016,
9999
1956-2016,
9999

60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78

1956-2016,
9999
1965-2016,
9999

60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78

1964-2015,
9999
1940-2015,
9999
1940-2015,
9999

50,52, 58,59

C/CLT series, LCF

B-series (not van based),
F Series

989 Unknown (bus)
OTHER VEHICLE
998 Other (vehicle)

1940-2016,
9999

50,52, 58,59
50, 52, 58, 59
92,93,97

999 Unknown (FORD)

1923-2016,
49,79,99
9999
** Use code “989” (bus) if the frontal plane or the engine location is unknown.
MAKE:

GMC

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES
007 Caballero
008 Acadia (2007-2012 only.
For 2013 on see model
423.)
399 Unknown (automobile)

2015

(23)
Includes
SLE, SLT, Denali, SL

(GMC )
Model Years

Body Types

1965-87,9999
2007-12,9999

10
06

1965-2012,
9999

06,10

271

MAKE:

GMC (Cont.)

Model
Codes
LIGHT TRUCKS
401 Jimmy/Typhoon/Envoy
402 Terrain
421 Full-size Jimmy/Yukon

422 Suburban/Yukon XL
(2004 on; see 431 for
1950- 2003)
423 Acadia (2013 on. For
2007-2012 see model
008.)
431 Suburban/Yukon XL
(1950-2003 only; see
422 for 2004 on)
441 Safari (Minivan)
461 G-series van/Savana

466 P-series van
470 Van derivative
471 S15/T15/Sonoma
472 Canyon
481 C, K, R, V-series pickup/
Sierra

272

(23)
Includes
S-15 based, (100.5 WB),
T15, SLE, SL, SLS, SLT,
XL, XUV, Denali
SLE, SLT, Denali
Fullsize pickup based, K5,
K18, SL, SLE, SLT, SLS,
Diamond Edition, Yukon
Denali, Denali, Hybrid
Yukon XL (Denali -15002500), SLE, SLT, Hybrid

(GMC )
Model Years

Body Types

1983-2009,
9999

2010-15, 9999
1969-2015,
9999

14
15

2004-15,9999

FWD/AWD, Denali, SLE,
SLT

2013-15,9999

all models, SLE, C16, C26,
K16, K26, C1500-2500,
K1500-2500, Yukon XL
(Denali -1500-2500)
SLT, SLX, SLE, M15, L15,
SL
Rally Van, Vandura, G15G35, Savana (G1500-3500)
SLT, Extended, SLE, LS,
LT, Uplifter, WT, Cargo

1950-2003,
9999

1985-2005,
9999
1965-2015,
9999

1965-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999
1982-2004,
9999

Hicube, Magna Van, Value
Van, Parcel Van
4 X 4, Syclone, SL, SLS,
SLE, Extended/Crew Cab,
ZR2, ZRX, ZR5
Base, SLE, SL, SLT, Z71,
2004-15, 9999
Z85, Work Truck
Excluding Yukon, C15-C35, 1940-2015,
9999
K15-K35, R15-R35, V15V35, Sierra, C/K1500, 2500,
3500, Sportside, X81, SL,
Special, SLE, Classic,
Extended Cab, Denali,
1500HD/2500HD, C3,
Hybrid, SLT, Work Truck,
5SA

21,22,28,29

22,28,29
28,29
30,32,40,42
30
31,32,39,40,42

2015

MAKE:

GMC (Cont.)

Model
Codes
LIGHT TRUCKS (Cont.)
498 Other (light truck)

(23)
Includes

1951-2015,
9999

MOTOR HOME
850 Motor Home

880 Medium/Heavy Pickup
(pickup-style only – over
10,000 lbs)
881 Medium/Heavy – CBE
882 Medium/Heavy – COE
low entry

Savana 3500, 4500

W5000/6000/7000 series,
Kodiak Brigadier/General
models, Top Kick
W6000/W7000, all other
COE, low entry, W/WT
Series

883 Medium/Heavy – COE
Astro 95, all other COE,
high entry
high entry, T Series
884 Medium/Heavy –
Unknown engine location
890 Medium/Heavy – COE
entry position unknown
898 Other
(medium/heavy truck)
BUSES
981 Bus**: Conventional
(Engine out front)
988 Other (bus)
989 Unknown (bus)
OTHER VEHICLE
998 Other (vehicle)

Model Years
1930-2015,
9999

499 Unknown (light truck)

MEDIUM/HEAVY TRUCKS
870 Medium/Heavy VanBased Vehicle

(GMC )

B6000

14-16,20-22,
28,29, 40,42,
45, 48
14-16,19-22,
28,29,39,40,
42,45,48,49

1950-2015,
9999

65,73

1965-2015,
9999

55,61-64

1953-2015,
9999

1967-2015,
9999

60-64,66,
71,72,78

1968-2015,
9999

60-64,66,
71,72,78

1969-2015,
9999
1948-2015,
9999
1967-2015,
9999
1930-2015,
9999

60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78

1950-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999
1950-2015,
9999

50-52,58,59

1965-2015,
9999
999 Unknown (GMC)
1940-2015,
9999
** Use code “989”(bus) if the frontal plane or the engine location is unknown.

2015

Body Types

50,58,59
50-52,58,59

92,93,97
49,79,99

273

MAKE:

Grumman/Grumman-Olson

Model
Codes
LIGHT TRUCKS
401 LLV
441 Step-in van

(25)

Includes

Model Years

Postal vehicle
Multi-stop, step van

498 Other (light truck)
499 Unknown (light truck)
MEDIUM/HEAVY TRUCKS
881 Medium/Heavy – CBE
882 Medium/Heavy - COE
low entry
883 Medium/Heavy - COE
high entry
884 Medium/Heavy - engine
location unknown
890 Medium/Heavy - entry
position unknown
898 Other (medium/heavy
truck)
BUSES
983 Bus: Flat front, rear
engine

(GRUM)

Transit

988 Other (bus)
989 Unknown (bus)
999 Unknown (GRUMMAN/GRUMMAN-OLSON)

Body Types

1987-2004,
9999
1987-2004,
9999
1987-2004,
9999
1987-2004,
9999

1987-2004,
9999
1987-2004,
9999
1987-2004,
9999
1987-2004,
9999
1987-2004,
9999
1987-2004,
9999

60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78

1950-2004,
9999

50-52,58,59

1950-2004,
9999
1950-2004,
9999
1950-2004,
9999

50-52,58,59

22
22
22

50-52,58,59
79,99

** Use code “989”(bus) if the frontal plane or the engine location is unknown.
MAKE:

Honda (Acura: See “54”)

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES
031 Civic/CRX, del Sol

274

Includes

(37)

(HOND)
Model Years

1300, 1500, CVCC, DX, EX, 1973-2015,
9999
VX, CX, FE, CRX, CRX Si,
S, Si, HF, LX, 4WD Wagon,
GX (NGV), HX, VTEC, VP,
Si, Civic, Hybrid, Special
Edition, EX-L, DX-VP, LX-S,
Natural Gas

Body Types
02-09

2015

MAKE:

Honda (Acura: See “54”) (Cont.)(37)

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILE (Cont.)
032 Accord

Includes

033 Prelude

LX (V-6, ULEV), LXI, DX,
CVCC,SE-I,LX-I,V-6, SJE,
SME, SMH, SMK, EX
(Wagon, ULEV, V-6), SE
(ULEV), Special Edition,
Hybrid, Value Package,
LX-S, LX-P, EX-L,
Crosstour (EX, EX-L,
EX(V6), EX-L (V6)),
Premium, Plug-In Hybrid,
Sport, Hybrid(EX-L,
Touring), Touring
S, Si, VTEC, SNF, SH, SE

034 600
035 S2000
036 EV Plus*

Coupe, Sedan
Roadster, CR
*Electric vehicle (EV+)

037 Insight

*(Gasoline-Electric),
MT/CVT, LX, EX
Hydrogen Vehicle, Clarity
Base, DX, LX, Sport, EV,
EX, EX-L
EX, Hybrid, Sport

038 FCX
039 Fit
041 CR-Z
398 Other (automobile)
399 Unknown (automobile)
LIGHT TRUCKS
401 Passport
402 CR-V
403 Element
421 Pilot
441 Odyssey
471 Ridgeline
499 Unknown (light truck)

2015

LX, EX, DX, EX-L
LX, EX, Special Edition
(SE), SC, EX-L
DX, EX, EX-P, LX, SC, Dog
Friendly
EX, EX-L, LX, SE, Value
Package, Touring
LX, EX, EX-L (Res, NAVI),
Touring, Touring Elite
RT, RTL, RTS, RTX, Sport

(HOND)
Model Years

Body Types

1976-2015,
9999

02-09

1979-2001,
9999
1968-72, 9999
2000-09, 9999
1997-2000,
9999
2000-06,
2010-14, 9999
2004-14, 9999
2006-15, 9999

02
02
01
03
03,05,09
03-05,09
05

2010-15, 9999
1968-2015,
9999
1968-2015,
9999

03
01-09

1994-2002,
9999
1997-2015,
9999
2003-11, 9999

2003-16,9999

1995-2015,
9999
2006-14, 9999

1994-2016,
9999

14,15,19,20,30,
49

01-09

275

MAKE:

Honda (Acura: See “54”) (Cont.)(37)

Model
Codes
MOTORCYCLES
701 0-50 cc

Includes

Model Years
1978-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999
1970-2015,
9999
1970-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999

702 51-124 cc
703 125-349 cc
704 350-449 cc
705 450-749 cc
706 750 cc or greater
709 Unknown cc
ALL TERRAIN VEHICLES
732 51-124cc
733 125-349cc
734 350cc or greater

includes all ATVs/ATCs/
TRXs designed solely for
off-road use and have 3 or
4 wheels.

739 Unknown cc
OTHER VEHICLE
998 Other (vehicle)

(HOND)

1972-2015,
9999
1972-2015,
9999
1996-2015,
9999
1972-2015,
9999

Body Types
80, 81,83,88,
89
80, 81,83,88,
89
80, 83, 88, 89
80, 83, 88,89
80, 83, 88, 89
80,82, 83, 88,
89
80, 81, 83, 88,
89
90
90
90
90

Go Carts

1968-2015,
95, 97*
9999
* Refer to Body Type attribute 97 (Other Vehicle Type) for remarks regarding side-by-side ATVs
999 Unknown (HONDA)
MAKE:

Hyundai

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES
031 Pony
032 Excel
033 Sonata
034 Scoupe
035 Elantra
036 Accent

276

1965-2016,
9999
(55)
Includes
Pony Excel (Foreign)
GL, GLS, GS
GL, GLS, LX, SE, Limited,
Hybrid, 2.0T, Sport
LS, Turbo
GLS, GL, GT, Limited, SE,
Touring (GLS, SE), GS,
Sport
L, GL, GS, Gsi, GT, GLS,
SE, Blue

49,99
(HYUN)

Model Years
1979-88,9999
1984-94,9999
1989-2015,
9999
1991-95,9999
1992-2015,
9999
1995-2015,
9999

Body Types
02,03,09
03-05,07,09
04
02
02, 04-06,09
03-05,07,09

2015

MAKE:

Hyundai (Cont.)

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES (Cont.)
037 Tiburon

(55)
Includes

(HYUN)
Model Years
1997-2008,
9999
2001-05,9999

02,03,09

2006-15,9999
2011-15,9999
2009-15,9999

04
04
02,04,09

2012-15,9999

1984-2015,
9999
1984-2015,
9999

02-09

GL, GLS, LX, Limited, SE,
Sport, 2.0T
GL, GLS, LX, Limited, SE
GLS, Limited, SE
GLS, Limited, SE

2001-15,9999

2005-15,9999
2007
2008-12,9999

14
14
15

GLS, Limited, SE

2007-09,9999

499 Unknown (light truck)

2001-15,9999

14,15,19,20

999 Unknown (HYUNDAI)

1979-2015,
9999

49, 99

038 XG300(2001)/
XG350(2002 on)
039 Azera
040 Equus
041 Genesis

042 Veloster
398 Other (automobile)

FX, GT, GS, SE, Limited

Body Types

L
SE, Limited, GLS
Signature, Ultimate
3.8, 4.6, 2.0T, R-Spec,
Grand Touring, Premium,
Track, 5.0 R-Spec,
Ultimate
Base, Turbo, Re-Mix, RSpec, RE-FLEX Edition

399 Unknown (automobile)
LIGHT TRUCKS
401 Santa Fe
402 Tucson
403 Veracruz (2007 only)
421 Veracruz (2008 on; see
403 for 2007 only)
441 Entourage

MAKE:

Imperial

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES
010 Imperial

(08)
Includes

02-09

(CHRY)
Model Years

Body Types

1954-75,9999

01.02,04,08.09

398 Other (automobile)

1965-75,9999

01-09

399 Unknown (automobile)

1965-75,9999

01-09

2015

LeBaron, Mark Cross,
Crown Imperial

277

MAKE:

Infiniti

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES
031 M30
032 Q45
033 G20
034 J30
035 I30
036 I35
037 G25/G35/G37
038
039
040
041

M35/M37/M45/M56
FX35/FX37/FX45/FX50
EX35
Q50

Includes
Standard Touring, Q45t,
Luxury , Sport, Premium
G20t, Touring, Standard,
Luxury
Standard, Touring, Luxury
Touring, Luxury
x, 6MT, Journey, Sport,
Special Edition, IPL
Sport, x, Hybrid

(INFI)
Model Years
1990-92,9999
1990-2006,
9999
1991-96;
1999-2002,
9999
1993-97,9999
1996-2001,
9999
2002-04,9999
2003-13,9999

Body Types
01,02,09
04
04
04
04
04
01,02,04,09

2003-13,9999
2003-13,9999
2008-13,9999
2014-15,9999

04
06
06
04

2014-15,9999

01, 02, 09

2014-15,9999
2014-15,9999
2015

04
06
04

398 Other (automobile)

1990-2015,
9999

01.02,04,06,
08.09

399 Unknown (automobile)

1990-2015,
9999

01.02,04,06,
08,09

1997-2003,
9999
2013
2014-15,9999
2014-15,9999
2004-13,9999
2014-15,9999

042 Q60
043 Q70
044 QX50
045 Q40

LIGHT TRUCKS
401 QX4
402
403
404
421
422

278

(58)

JX35
QX60
QX70
QX56
QX80

Journey
Base (3.7 Premium/AWD/
Hybrid) S (3.7 Premium/
AWD/Hybrid), Eau Rogue
Journey, AWD, 6MT, IPL
(Base and 6MT), S
L, Hybrid
Base, AWD, Journey

Luxury
Luxury, AWD
3.5, AWD, Hybrid
3.7, 5.0, AWD
Base, AWD

14
14
14
15
15

499 Unknown (light truck)

1997-2015,
9999

14,15,19

999 Unknown (INFINITI)

1990-2015,
9999

49, 99

2015

MAKE:

Isuzu

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES
031 I-Mark
032 Impulse
033 Stylus
398 Other (automobile)
399 Unknown (automobile)
LIGHT TRUCKS
401 Trooper/Trooper II
402 Rodeo/ Rodeo Sport

(38)
Includes

Body Types

1981-90,9999
1983-92,9999
1991-94,9999
1981-94,9999
1981-94,9999

02-04,08,09
02,03,09
04
02-04,08,09
02-04,08,09

Deluxe, LS, S, LTD

1984-2002,
9999
1991-2004,
9999
1989-94;
1998-2000,
9999
1999-2001,
9999
2002-04,9999
2003-08,9999
1996-99,9999
1976-95,9999
1996-2000,
9999
2006-2008,
9999
2006-2008,
9999

S, LS, LSE

404 VehiCROSS

VXO

405
421
441
471
472

XS
LS, S, Limited, Luxury
S, LS
4X4
S, XS, XS Space Cab

473 i-280/i-290

S, LS, Luxury

474 i-350/i-370

LS, Limited, S

498 Other (light truck)
499 Unknown (light truck)

MEDIUM/HEAVY TRUCKS
881 Medium/Heavy – CBE
882 Medium/Heavy – COE
NOR, NPR,NQR, N Series
low entry
883 Medium/Heavy – COE,
FRR, FRRI, FSR, FTR,
high entry
FVR, F Series
884 Medium/Heavy –
Unknown engine location
890 Medium/Heavy – COE
entry position
unknown
898 Other (medium/heavy
truck)

2015

Model Years

S, RS, Turbo, DOHC
Turbo, RS

403 Amigo

Axiom
Ascender
Oasis
P’up (pickup)
Hombre

(ISU )

14
14
14
14
15
20
30,32
30,32,40,42
30
30

1981-2008,
9999
1981-2008,
9999

14,15, 20,30,
32,40,42
14,15,19,20,30,
32,39,40,42,
48,49

1981-2004,
9999
1981-2015,
9999
1981-2015,
9999
1981-2015,
9999
1981-2015,
9999

60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78

1981-2015,
9999

60-64,66,
71,72,78,97

279

MAKE:

Isuzu (Cont.)

Model
Codes
BUSES
981 Bus**: Conventional
(Engine out front)
982 Bus: Front engine, Flat
front
983 Bus: Rear engine Flat
front
988 Other (bus)

(38)
Includes

(ISU )
Model Years

1981-2015,
9999
1981-2015,
9999
1981-2015,
9999
1981-2015,
9999
989 Unknown (bus)
1981-2015,
9999
** Use code “989” (bus) if the frontal plane or the engine location is unknown.
999 Unknown (ISUZU)
MAKE:

Jaguar

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES
031 XJ-S, XK8 Coupe
032 XJ/XJL/XJ6/12/XJR/XJ8/
XJ8L Sedan/Coupe

033 XK-E
034 S-Type
035 XKR/XK

036 X-Type
037 XF/XF-R
038 F-Type
398 Other (automobile)
399 Unknown (automobile)

280

1981-2015,
9999
(39)
Includes
S, SC, GT, H.E.
Mk II, Mk X, XJ,3.85, 3.8,
340/420 Sedan; XJ8(LWB,
L,Vanden Plas, Sport);
XJ6(L), C, L, Vanden Plas,
III, GT, Super 8, Limited,
Portfolio, Supersport,
Supercharged, Ultimate,
Standard Wheelbase,
Long Wheelbase
V12, Roadster, 120,140,
150, 2+2
3.0, 4.0, 4.2, Base, Sport, L,
R, VDP Edition
Victory Edition, Portfolio,
175 Limited Edition, Black
Pack, XKR-S, Touring, GT,
Final Fifty
2.5, 3.0, Sport, VDP Edition
4.2 Luxury, S, Premium
Luxury, Supercharged, 3.0,
2.0T, Portfolio, Sport
S, V8, Project 7

Body Types
50-52,58,59
50-52,58,59
50-52,58,59
50-52,58,59
50-52,58, 59

49,79,99
(JAGU)

Model Years

Body Types

1976-2008,
9999
1949-2015,
9999

01,02,09

1946-74,9999

01-03,09

2000-08,9999

2000-15,9999

01-03,09

2002-08,9999
2008-15,9999

04,06,09
04

2014-16,9999
1949-2016,
9999
1949-2016,
9999

01, 03, 09
01-04,06,08,09

02,04,08,09

01-04,06,08,09

2015

MAKE:

Jeep* (Includes Willys**/Kaiser-Jeep)

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES
001 Compass

LIGHT TRUCKS
401 CJ-2/CJ-3/CJ-4
402 CJ-5/CJ-6/CJ-7/CJ-8
403 YJ series/Wrangler

404 Cherokee (1984-on) (For
Grand Cherokee for
2014 on use 02-422.)

405 Liberty

406 Commander
407 Patriot
408 Renegade
421 Cherokee (thru 1983)

2015

(02)

Includes

(AMER)
Model Years

Body Types

Base, Sport, Limited,
Latitude, Altitude, High
Altitude

2007-15,9999

Military
Scrambler, Renegade,
Golden Eagle, Laredo,
Wrangler,
SE, Sport (Base, S),
Sahara, X, Rubicon (Base,
Hard Rock), Unlimited
(Altitude, Dragon, Freedom,
Polar, Rubicon X. Willys
Wheeler), Islander, Call of
Duty: Black Ops Edition,
Moab, Altitude, Freedom,
Rio Grande, 60th/65th
Anniversary Edition, Apex,
Columbia, Golden Eagle,
Rocky Mountain, Willys,
Willys Wheeler (Base, W)
Limited, Laredo, Pioneer,
Sport, Grand Cherokee,
TSi, Briarwood, Country,
RHD, SE, Classic,
Overland, Special Edition,
SRT8, Summit, Laredo X,
Overland Summit, Altitude,
Trail Hawk, Sport, Latitude
Sport, Limited Edition,
Renegade, Columbia
Edition, Rocky Mountain
Edition, CRD, Special
Edition, Latitude, Jet
Base, Limited, Overland,
Sport, Rocky Mountain
Sport, Limited, Latitude, X,
Altitude, High Altitude,
Freedom Edition
Trail Hawk, Latitude
Wide Track, Chief,
Commando, Jeepster

1940-66,9999
1967-93,9999

14
14

1986-95;
1997-2015,
9999

1984-2015,
9999

2002-13,9999

2006-10,9999

2007-15,9999

2015
1969-83,9999

14
15

281

MAKE:

Jeep* (Includes Willys**/Kaiser-Jeep) (Cont.) (02)

Model
Codes
LIGHT TRUCK (Cont.)
422 Grand Cherokee (For
2014 on. Use model 404
for model years prior to
2013.)
431 Grand Wagoneer
481 Pick-up
482 Comanche

Includes

(AMER)
Model Years

Body Types

Laredo (Base/E), Limited,
Overland, Summit, SRT

2014-15,9999

Custom, Brougham Limited,
Wagoneer
J-10, J-20, Honcho
Chief

1971-91;
1993,9999
1940-93,9999
1986-92,9999

498 Other (light truck)

1940-2015,
9999
1940-2015,
9999
1940-2015,
9999

499 Unknown (light truck)
999 Unknown (JEEP)

31,32,40,42
31,32,40,42
14,15,19,31,32,
40-42,45,48,49
14,15,19,31,32,
39-42,45,48,49
49

* Note that Jeep DJ-series are coded under MAKE 03, MODEL 466
** Willys Jeep can be coded 401 or 999.
MAKE:

KIA

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES
031 Sephia
032 Rio/Rio5
033 Spectra/Spectra5
034 Optima
035 Amanti
036 Rondo
037 Soul
038 Forte
039 Cadenza
040 K900
398 Other (automobile)

(63)
Includes
RS, LS, GS
Cinco (Wagon), LX, SX, EX
GS, GSX, GX, LS, LX, EX,
SX
LX, SE, V6, EX, SX, SX
Turbo, Hybrid, Limited, SXL
EX, LX
Base, sport, +, !, White
Tiger, EV
2.0 (EX, LX, SX) 2.4 (SX),
Koup (EX, LX, SX) 5 (EX,
SX)
Premium, Limited
Luxury

399 Unknown (automobile)
LIGHT TRUCKS
401 Sportage

282

EX, LX, 4WD, Limited, SX,
Base

(KIA)
Model Years

Body Types

1994-01,9999
2001-15,9999
2000-09,9999

04
04-06,09
04,05,09

2001-15,9999

2004-10,9999
2007-10,9999
2009-15,9999

04
06
06

2010-15,9999

02,04,05,09

2012-15, 9999
2015
1994-2015,
9999
1994-2015,
9999

04
04
02,04-06,08,09

1995-2003,
2005-15,9999

02,04-06,08,
09

2015

MAKE:

KIA (Cont.)

Model
Codes
LIGHT TRUCKS (Cont.)
402 Sorento
421 Borrego
441 Sedona

(63)
Includes

Model Years

EX, LX, LX-V6, SX, SX-V6,
Limited
EX, LX, LTD
EX, LX, L, SX, Limited

498 Other (light truck)
499 Unknown (light truck)
999 Unknown (KIA)
MAKE:

Lancia

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES
031 Beta Sedan – HPE
032 Zagato
033 Scorpion
398 Other (automobile)
399 Unknown (automobile)

(KIA)

2003-16, 9999

2008-10,9999
2002-12,
2014-15,9999
1995-2016
9999
1995-2016,
9999
1994-2016,
9999

15
20

(40)
Includes

(Mote Carlo- Europe Only)
Stratos, Fulvia, Flavia,
Appia, Aurelia, Aprilia

14,15,19, 20
14,15,19, 20
49
(LNCI)

Model Years

Zagato

Body Types

1976-82,9999
1976-82,9999
1977

02,04,06,08,09
01,02,09
02

1946-82,9999

01-09

1946-82,9999

01,02,04,06,
08,09

*NOTE: Lancia did not import in 1980. 1982 - last year imported
MAKE:

Land Rover

Model
Codes
LIGHT TRUCKS
401 Discovery
402 Defender
403 Freelander (2004 on; see
422 for 2002-03.)
404 Range Rover Evoque
405 Discovery Sport

2015

(62)
Includes
SD, SE, SE7, LE, LSE,
Series II, Kalahari Edition,
S, HSE, G-4 Edition
90
HSE, SE, S, SE3, G4
Edition
Pure (Premium, Plus),
Prestige, Dynamic
HSE (Base, Luxury), SE

(LNDR)
Model Years

Body Types

1994-2004,
9999

1993-95;
1997, 9999
2004-05,9999

2012-15,9999

2015

283

MAKE:

Land Rover (Cont.)

Model
Codes
LIGHT TRUCKS (Cont.)
421 Range Rover

422 Freelander (2002-03
only; see 403 for 2004
on)
423 LR3/LR4
424 LR2
498 Other (light truck)

(62)
Includes

Model Years

HSE, SE, LUX, Plus, V8,
Limited Edition
i6, TD4, HSE, LUX, Plus

2005-15,9999

2007-15,9999

Land Rover (1948-1990),
Range Rover (before 1987)

1948-2015,
9999

14,15

1948-2015,
9999

14,15,19

Lexus

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES
031 ES-250/300/300h/330/
350

(59)
Includes

Black Diamond Edition,
Premium Plus, Ultra Luxury,
Hybrid
032 LS-400/430/460/L/600h/L LS-F Sport
033 SC-400/300

2-Door Coupe

034 GS-300/350/400/430/
450h/460
035 IS-250/300/350/500
036 SC-430

Hybrid, F Sport

037
038
039
040
398

HS 250h
CT 200h
LFA
RC
Other (automobile)

399 Unknown (automobile)

284

Body Types

1987-2015,
County, County SE, Great
Divide, Hunter, LSE, County 9999
LWB, 4.0SE, 4.6HSE, S,
SE, HSE, Westminster,
Limited Edition, Sport (SE,
HSE, Supercharged,
Autobiography),
Supercharged, HSE-LUX,
Autobiography (Base,
Black)
HSE, SE, S, SE3
2002-03,9999

499 Unknown (light truck)
MAKE:

(LNDR)

SportCross, Sport, F, C
Special Edition, Pebble
Beach
Premium
F Sport
Standard, Special
300, 350h, F Sport

(LEXS)
Model Years

Body Types

1990-2015,
9999

1990-2015,
9999
1992-2000,
9999
1993-2015,
9999
2001-15,9999
2002-10,9999

2010-12,9999
2011-15,9999
2012-15,9999
2015
1990-2015,
9999
1990-2015,
9999

02
04
01,04,05,09
01
04
05
01,02,09
02
01,02,04,05,09
01,02,04,05,
08,09

2015

MAKE:

Lexus (Cont.)

Model
Codes
LIGHT TRUCKS
401 RX300/350
402 GX470
403 RX330/350/400h/450h
404 GX460
405 NX
421 LX450/470/570

(59)
Includes

Model Years

2WD, 4WD
Sport, Premium
Hybrid, Thundercloud, Mark
Levinson Package, F Sport
Sport, Premium
200t, 300h, F Sport

499 Unknown (light truck)
999 Unknown (LEXUS)
MAKE:

Lincoln

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES
001 Continental (thru ’81)/
Town Car

002 Mark
005 Continental (’82 on)
011 Versailles
012 LS
013 Zephyr/MKZ
014 MKX
015 MKS
016 MKT
398 Other (automobile)
399 Unknown (automobile)

2015

(LEXS)

1999-03,9999
2003-09,9999
2004-15,9999

14
14
14

2010-15, 9999
2015
1996-2015,
9999

14
14
15

1996-2015,
9999
1990-2015,
9999

14,15,19

(13)
Includes
Continental, (thru ’81),
Signature/Designer Series,
Town Car (’81 on, body 04
only), Cartier, Executive, L,
Premium, Ballistic
Protection Edition, Ultimate,
Designer Series, Limited
I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII
LSC, Signature/Designer
Series
Signature/Designer Series,
Luxury
Convenience, Premium,
Sport, Luxury, Ultimate
FWD, AWD, Hybrid, 2.0L,
3.7L, EcoBoost, Premiere,
Select
FWD, AWD
EcoBoost, 3.7L FWD/AWD
EcoBoost, TownCar, 3.5L,
3.7L
Cosmopolitan, Capri,
Premiere

Body Types

49
(LINC)

Model Years

Body Types

1940-2011,
9999

01,02,04,08,09,
11,12

1956-98,9999

01,02,04,08,09

1982-2002,
9999
1977-80,9999
2000-06,9999

02,04,08,09,12
04
04

2006-15,9999

2007-16,9999
2008-15,9999
2010-15,9999

06
04
06,09,11,12

1940-2016,
9999

01-12

1940-2016,
9999

01-12

285

MAKE:

Lincoln (Cont.)

Model
Codes
LIGHT TRUCKS
401 Aviator
402 MKC
421 Navigator
481 Blackwood
482 Mark LT
498 Other (light truck)

Includes

(LINC)
Model Years

Premium, Luxury, Ultimate,
Kitty Hawk Edition
FWD, AWD
2WD, 4WD, Premium,
Luxury, Ultimate, L, 5.4L
2WD, 4WD

Body Types

2003-06,9999

2015
1997-2015,
9999
2002
2006-08,9999
1997-2015,
9999

14
15
31
31
14,15, 31

499 Unknown (light truck)

1997-2015,
9999

14,15, 49

999 Unknown (LINCOLN)

1990-2016,
9999

MAKE:

Mazda

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES
031 RX2
032 RX3
033 RX4
034 RX7
035 323/GLC/Protégé/
Protégé 5
036 Cosmo
037 626

286

(13)

038
039
040
041
042
043
044
045

808
Mizer
R-100
616/618
1800
929
MX-6
Miata/MX-5

046
047
048
049

MX-3
Millenia
MP3
RX-8

(41)
Includes

S, GS, GSL, SE
DX, Protégé (1990-on), DX,
LX, ES, Mazdaspeed
GT,GS,GSL,SE,DX,LX,ES

Turbo, LS, M-Edition
Miata (LS), SE, SV,
Mazdaspeed, Sport, Touring,
Grand Touring, Club, Special,
Special Edition, PRHT
GS
L, S, P, Millennium Edition
Limited Edition
Sport AT, Shinka, Touring,
Grand Touring, R3, Plus

(MAZD)
Model Years

Body Types

1970-74,9999
1970-78,9999
1974-78,9999
1979-96,9999
1977-2003,
9999
1976-78,9999
1979-2002,
9999
1972-77,9999
1976
1950-72,9999
1968-72,9999
1968-72,9999
1988-95,9999
1988-97,9999
1990-97;
1999-2016,
9999

02,04,06,08,09
02,04,06,08,09
02,04,06,08,09
01-03,09
03-07,09

1992-95,9999
1995-02,9999
2001
2003-14,9999

02
04
04
04

02
02,04,05,08,09
02,04,06,08,09
02,04,06,08,09
02
02,04,08,09
04,06,09
04
02
01

2015

MAKE:

Mazda (Cont.)

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES (Cont.)
050 Mazda6
051 Mazda3

052 Mazda5
053 CX-7
054 CX-9 (2007-12 only.
For 2013 on see model
421.)
055 Mazda2
398 Other (automobile)

(41)
Includes

403 CX-5
421 CX-9 (2013 on. See
model 054 for 2007-12
model years.)
441 MPV
471 Pickup/ B-Series
Pickup

498 Other (light truck)
499 Unknown (light truck)
999 Unknown (MAZDA)

2015

Model Years

Body Types

2003-15,9999

04-06,09

2004-15,9999

04-06,09

2006-10,
2012-15, 9999
2007-12,9999

2007-12,9999

Sport, Touring

2011-15,9999

1200, 616

1950-2016,
9999
1950-2016,
9999

02,03,09

1991-94,9999
2001-12,9999

14
14

2013-15,9999

1989-98;
2000-06,9999
1972-2009,
9999

1965-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999

14,15, 20,30,32,
40,42
14,15, 20,30,32,
39,40,42,48,49

1950-2016,
9999

Grand Touring, Sport,
Mazdaspeed6, Grand Sport,
SV, Plus, Touring
i, (Sport, Touring, Grand
Touring, SV) s (Touring,
Grand Touring), SP23, Value,
Mazdaspeed3,
Sport, Touring, Grand
Touring
i, s, Sport, Touring, Grand
Touring, SV
Sport, Touring, Grand
Touring

399 Unknown (automobile)
LIGHT TRUCKS
401 Navajo
402 Tribute

(MAZD)

DX, DX-V6, LX-V6, ES-V6,
ES, LX, i, s, Hybrid, Sport,
Grand Touring, Touring
Sport, Touring, Grand
Touring
Sport, Touring, Grand
Touring
LX, ES, DX, All Sport,
LX-SV
B2000, B2200, B2300, SE-5,
LX, SE (2WD, 4WD), SX, DS,
Cab Plus, B2500/B2600/
B3000/B4000, Dual Sport
Cab

01-09

30,32,40,42

287

MAKE:

Mercedes Benz

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES
031 200/220/230/240/
250/260/280/300/
320/420

032 230/280 SL
033 300/350/380/450/500/
560 SL
034 350/380/420/450/560
SLC
035 280/300 SEL
036 300/380/420/450/500/
560/SEL & 500/560, 600
SEC & 300/350 SDL
037 300/380/450 SE
038
039
040
041

600, 6.9 Sedan
190
300
400/500E

042 C Class (94 on)

043 S Class (95 on)
044 SL Class (95 on)
045 SLK

046 CL Class
047 CLK
048 E Class (97 on)

288

(42)
Includes
Sedan and 5-passenger “C”
only; SE,CD,D,SD,TD,TE,
CE,E; DOES NOT include
280 SE (1975 on) or 300
SD-see code 037;C-Class
up to 1993, E-Class up to
1997
2-seater only
2-seater only; 300/500 SL
(1990 on)

280 S, 280 SE (1975 on),
300 SD Sedan/350 SD
Pullman
D, E, 2.3, 2.5
CE Cabriolet
C220/C230 (Kompressor)/
C240/250/280/300/320/350/
400 (W)/C32/ 36/43/55/63
AMG, Sport, Luxury
S320/350/400(V)/420/430/
450/500/550(V)/600(V), 55/
63/65 (AMG), Hybrid, 4-M
SL320/400/500/550(R)/
600(R), Silver Arrow
Edition, SL55/63/65 AMG
SLK230/250/280/300/320/
350 (Sport), Kompressor,
SLK 32/55 (AMG), Special
Edition
CL500/550/600, CL55/63/
65 AMG
CLK 320/350/430/500/550,
Cabriolet, CLK 55/63/65
AMG
250/300/TD, 320/350 (4M,A,C,S,W)/400/420/430/
500/550 (4-M,A,C, W),
55/63/63S AMG, 320CDI,
Hybrid

(MERZ)
Model Years

Body Types

1950-97,9999

01,02,04,06,
08,09,12

1964-71,9999
1972-94,9999

01,02,09
01,02,09

1973-94,9999

1967-72,9999
1973-94,9999

02,04,08
02,04,06,08,09

1968-94,9999

01,02,04,08,09

1978-87,9999
1984-93,9999
1993-94,9999
1992-94,9999

04,12
04,06,09
01
01,02,04,06,
08,09
02,04,06,09

1994-2015,
9999
1995-2015,
9999

02,04,08,09

1995-2015,
9999

01,02,09

1998-2015,
9999

1998-2014,
9999
1998-2009,
9999

1996-2015,
9999

01,02,04,06,09

01,02, 09

2015

MAKE:

Mercedes Benz (Cont.)

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES (Cont.)
049 SLR
050 R Class
051 CLS Class
052
053
054
055
056
398

SLS Class
B Class
CLA Class
GLA Class
AMG GT S
Other (automobile)

(42)

Includes
McLaren, 722 Edition
R320/350/500, R63 AMG
CLS400/500/550,
CLS55/63/ 63S AMG
AMG (C/GT)
250, 45 (AMG)
250, 45 (AMG)
450

399 Unknown (automobile)
LIGHT TRUCKS
401 M/ML Class
402 G Class
403 GLK Class
421 GL Class
461 Sprinter
470 Van derivative

ML250/320/350/400/430/
450/500/550, 55/63 AMG
Special Edition, Hybrid, 4-M
G500/550, G55/63 (AMG)
220/250/280/320/350
GL320/350/450/550, GL63
(AMG)
(2004-2010 on see
“Freightliner” and “Dodge”)
Kurbstar

498 Other (light truck)
499 Unknown (light truck)
MEDIUM/HEAVY TRUCKS
870 Medium/Heavy VanSprinter
Based Vehicle
881 Medium/Heavy – CBE
882 Medium/Heavy – COE low entry
883 Medium/Heavy – COE high entry
884 Medium/Heavy – Unknown engine location
890 Medium/Heavy – COE entry position unknown
898 Other (medium/heavy truck)
BUSES
981 Bus**: Conventional
(Engine out front)
988 Other (bus)

2015

(MERZ)
Model Years

Body Types

2005-10,9999
2006-12,9999
2006-15,9999

01,02, 09
06
04

2011-15,9999
2014-15,9999
2014-15,9999
2015
2016
1946-2016,
9999

01, 02, 09
05
04
05
02
01-12

1946-2016,
9999

01-12

1998-2015,
9999

2002-15,9999
2010-15,9999
2007-15,9999

14
14
15

2002-03,
2010-15, 9999
1982-2015,
9999
1946-2015,
9999

21,22,28,29
28,29
14-16,19,21,22,
31,32,40-42,45,48

1946-2015,
9999

14-16,19,21,22,
28,29, 31,32,
40-42,45,48,49

2002-03,
2010-15, 9999
1965-91,9999
1965-91,9999
1965-91,9999
1965-91,9999
1965-91,9999
1965-91,9999

55, 61-64
60-64,78
60-64,78
60-64,78
60-64,78
60-64,78
60-64,78

1965-91,9999

50-52,58,59

1965-91,9999

50-52,58,59

289

MAKE:

Mercedes Benz

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES
989 Unknown (bus)

(42)
Includes

OTHER VEHICLE
998 Other (vehicle)
999 Unknown (MERCEDES BENZ)

(MERZ)
Model Years

Body Types

1965-91,9999

91-93,97

1965-2015,
9999

49,79,99

1950-2016,
9999

49,79,99

** Use code “989”(bus) if the frontal plane or the engine location is unknown.
MAKE:

Mercury (Merkur: See “56”) (14)

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES
002 Cyclone
003 Capri-domestic (for 1967
see 008)
004 Cougar (For 1967-1997.
See 038 for 1999-2002)
/XR7 (1967-1997)
006 Marquis/Monterey (car
version; for van version
2004 on see code 444)
/Grand Marquis

008 Comet
009 Bobcat
010 Montego (prior to 1976;
for 2005 on see code
020)
011 Monarch
012 Zephyr
013 Lynx/LN7
015 Topaz
017 Sable

290

Includes

(MERC)
Model Years

Body Types

GT, CJ, Spoiler
RS, Turbo, GS, Black
Magic, 5.0
Villager, Brougham, RS, LS,
GS, Eliminator, XR-7

1964-70,9999
1979-86;
1989-94,9999
1967-97,9999

01,02,09
01,03,09

Marauder (prior to 2003,
2003 on see code 039),
Montclair, X-100, 5-55,
Parklane, S-55, Custom,
Brougham Grand Marquis
(GS, LS), Medalist,
Turnpike, Colony Park, GS,
LS, LSE, Limited Edition,
Palm Beach Edition
Caliente, Capri (1967), GT,
Voyager, 202, 404, Villager
Wagon
Runabout, Villager Wagon
GT, MX, Villager,
Brougham, Comet
(1968-1970)
Ghia
GS, Z-7
L, LS, GS, RS, XR-3
L, LS, GS, 4x4, XR5, LTS,
Sport
LS, GS (Premium), GS
Plus, Platinum Edition,
Premier, Base

1952-2011,
9999

01,02,04,06,
08,09

1960-79,9999

01,02,04,06,
08,09

1975-80,9999
1968-76,9999

03,06,09
01,02,04,06,
08,09

1975-80,9999
1978-83,9999
1981-87,9999
1984-94,9999

02,04,08,09
02,04,06,08-,9
03,05-07,09
02,04,08,09

1986-2005,
2008-09,9999

04,06,09

01,02,04,06,
08,09

2015

MAKE:

Mercury (Merkur: See “56”) (Cont.) (14)

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES (Cont.)
020 Montego (2005 on)
021 Milan

Includes

Model Years

Body Types

2005-07,9999
2006-11,9999

04
04

1970-77,9999
1972-74,9999
1988-99,9999
1995-2000,
9999
1999-2002,
9999
2003-04,9999
1962-2011,
9999

03
01-10
03-06,09
04

1952-2011,
9999

01-10

1996-2010,
9999
2005-11,9999

1993-2002,
9999
2004-07,9999

1993-2011,
9999

14, 20

499 Unknown (light truck)

1993-2011,
9999

999 Unknown (MERCURY)

1950-2011,
9999

031
033
036
037

Capri-foreign
Pantera-foreign
Tracer
Mystique

Luxury, Premier
I-4, V6 (Base/Premier),
Hybrid
Capri II, 2+2
deTomaso
L, GL, LTS, GS, LS
GS, LS

(MERC)

038 Cougar (1999-2002)

V-6, I-4, S, Sport, CR, XR

039 Marauder
398 Other (automobile)

M75, 300A

399 Unknown (automobile)
LIGHT TRUCKS
401 Mountaineer
402 Mariner
443 Villager
444 Monterey (van version;
for car version prior to
2004 see code 006)
498 Other (light truck)

2015

Convenience, Luxury,
Premier (4.0/4.6L)
Convenience, Luxury,
Premier, Hybrid
LS, GS, Nautica, Estate,
Sport, Sport Plus, Popular
Convenience, Luxury,
Premier

02,03,09
04
01-10

291

MAKE:

Merkur

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES
031 XR4Ti
032 Scorpio

(MERK)

Includes

Model Years

Body Types

Turbo
Turbo

1985-89,9999
1988-90,9999

03
05

398 Other (automobile)

1985-90,9999

03-05,07,09

399 Unknown (automobile)

1985-90,9999

03-05,07,09

MAKE:

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES
031 Midget

(43)

(MG)

Includes

Model Years

Body Types

GAN I/II/III/4/5, MK I, MK II,
MKIII
MK I/II/IV, 600 Limited, V-8

1962-80,9999

1955-80,9999

01,02,09

GT, MK III
1500, 1600, YT,TC,TD/II,
MK I/II, A
Y-Type, 430, TDC
GT
ZB,ZA/YA/YB, MK III, MK
IV, 1100, 1300

1967-74,9999
1945-62,9999

02,03,09
01,02,09

1945-62,9999
1968-69,9999
1945-66,9999

01,02,09
01,02,09
02,04,08,09

398 Other (automobile)

1945-80,9999

01-04,08,09

399 Unknown (automobile)

1945-80,9999

01-04,08,09

032 MGB
033 MGB
034 MGA
035 TA/TC/TD/TF
036 MGC
037 Magnette/Sports Sedans

MAKE:

Mitsubishi

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES
031 Starion
032 Tredia
033 Cordia
034 Galant

035 Mirage (For 1985-2002.
For 2014 on use model
048.)
036 Precis
037 Eclipse

292

(56)

(52)

(MITS)

Includes

Model Years

Body Types

2+2, LE, Turbo, ESI
L, LS, Turbo
L, Turbo
ECS, Sigma (thru 88), ES,
LS, DE, GTS-V6, I-4,
Special Edition, Ralliart,
Sport Edition, SE, FE
L, Turbo,GS,LS,DS,DE,ES

1982-89,9999
1982-88,9999
1982-88,9999
1985-2012,
9999

03
04
03
04

1985-2002,
9999

02-04,08,
09

1987-94,9999
1990-2012,
9999

03,05,07,09
01-03, 09

GS, DOHL, Turbo, GS-T,
GSX, Spyder, RS, GT,
GTS, Remix Edition, SE,
Sport. Special Edition

2015

MAKE:

Mitsubishi (Cont.)

(52)

(MITS)

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES (Cont.)
038 Sigma

Includes

Model Years

Body Types

(prior ‘89 see 034)

1989-90,9999

039 3000 GT
040 Diamante

SL, VR-4, Spyder
LS, ES, LE,VR-X

01-03, 09
04, 06, 09

041 iMEV
045 Expo Wagon
046 Lancer/Lancer
Sportback/Lancer
Evolution

ES, SE
LRV, Sport
ES, LS, O-Z, Rally,
Evolution VII/VIII/IX/X,
Sport, Ralliart LS, MR
Edition, DE, GSR, GTS,
Touring, SE, GT
ES, LS, SE, XLS, Limited,
GT, Sport, SE-S, GT-S
DE, ES

1991-99,9999
1992-2004,
9999
2012-15,9999
1992-95,9999
2002-15,9999

2003-15,9999

2014-15,9999

1960-2015,
9999

01-09

1960-2015,
9999

01-09

1983-2006,
9999

2004-12,9999
1987-90,9999
1983-96,9999
2006-10,9999
1983-2012,
9999

14
20
30,32,40,42
31
14,20,30-32,40,42

1983-2012,
9999

14,20,30-32,40,42,
48,49

1983-2015,
9999

60-64,66,71,72,78

1983-2015,
9999

60-64,66,71,72,78

1981-2004,
9999

50-52,58,59

047 Outlander
048 Mirage (2014 on. For
1985-2002 use 52-035.)
398 Other (automobile)

500, 1000, Debonair,
Galant (1969)

399 Unknown (automobile)
LIGHT TRUCKS
401 Montero/Montero
Sport
402
441
471
472
498

Endeavor
Mini-Van
Pickup
Raider
Other (light truck)

Sport, LS, SR, XLS, ES,
LTD, 20th Anniversary
Edition, SE
LS, SE, XLS, Limited
LS
Mighty Max, SPX, 4x4
LS, Durocross, XLS

499 Unknown (light truck)
MEDIUM/HEAVY TRUCKS
882 Medium/Heavy – COE
low entry
898 Other (medium/heavy
truck)
BUSES
981 Bus**: Conventional
(Engine out front)

2015

FUSO FE/FG/FH/FK/FM

05
06
04-06, 09

293

MAKE:

Mitsubishi (Cont.)

Model
Codes
BUS (Cont.)
982 Bus: Front engine, Flat
Front
983 Bus: Rear engine, Flat
front
988 Other (bus)

(52)
Includes

(MITS)
Model Years

1981-2004,
9999
1981-2004,
9999
1981-2004,
9999
989 Unknown (bus)
1981-2004,
9999
** Use code “989”(bus) if the frontal plane or the engine location is unknown
999 Unknown (MITSUBISHI)

MAKE:

Nissan/Datsun

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES
031 F-10
032 200SX/240SX
033 210/1200/B210
034 Z-car, ZX
035 310
036 510
037 610
038 710
039 810/Maxima
040 Roadster
041 311/411
042 Stanza
043 Sentra

044 Pulsar
045 Micra
046 NX 1600/2000

294

1983-2015,
9999
(35)
Includes
SE, SE-R, LE
110 series, Honeybee
240/260/280Z&ZX, 300 ZX,
2+2, Turbo
SPL
PL,WPL
PL, HL
PL
SE (Titanium Special),
GXE, GLE, 3.5SE/SL/SEL
/S/SV, Platinum Edition
SPL311, SRL311, 1500,
1600, 2000, convertible,
Fairlady
1000, Bluebird, PL311/
PL312/PL410/PL411/
RL411
XE
E, XE, GXE, S, SE, SE-R
(Spec V), GLE, CA, 2.5LE,
1.8, 1.8S, 2.0/S/SL/SR,
Special Edition, Platinum
Edition, Spec-V, FE, SV,
FE+S, Nismo
NX, EXA (1986 on)
T-bar coupe

Body Types
50-52,58,59
50-52,58,59
50-52,58,59
50-52,58,59

49,79,99
(NISS) - (DATS)

Model Years

Body Types

1977-78,9999
1977-98,9999
1971-82,9999
1970-96,9999

03,05-07,09
01-03,09
02-04,06,08,09
01-03,09

1979-82,9999
1968-73;
1978-81,9999
1973-76,9999
1974-77,9999
1977-2015,
9999

02,03,05,07,09
02-09
02-04,06,08,09
02-04,06,08,09
04,06,09

1950-70,9999

1959-67,9999

04,06,09

1982-93,9999

03-07,09

1982-2015,
9999

02,04,06,08,09

1983-90,9999
1987-94,9999
1991-94,9999

02,03,05,07,09
01-05,07-09
02,03,09

2015

MAKE:

Nissan/Datsun (Cont.)

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES (Cont.)
047 Altima

048 350Z/370Z

049 Murano
050 Versa
051 Rogue
052 Cube
053 GT-R
055 Leaf
398 Other (automobile)

(35)
Includes

Model Years

Body Types

XE, GXE, SE, GLE, 2.5
S/SL/SR/SV, 3.5
S/SE/SL/SR/ SV, SE-R,
Hybrid
Enthusiast, Performance,
Touring, Track, Base, 35th
Anniversary, Grand
Touring, Nismo, 40th
Anniversary, Sport, Sport
Tech, Nismo Tech,
Touring Sport
SE, SL, S, LE, SV,
CrossCabriolet, Platinum,
S Plus
1.8S/SL, 1.6 S/SV/SL, Plus,
Note, S Plus, SR
S, SL, SV, Krom/Special
Edition
1.8 S/SL, Krom Edition,
Indigo Edition
Base, Premium, Black
Edition, Track Edition,
Nismo
S, SL, SV
110 sedan, K110

1993-2015,
9999

02,04, 09

2003-15,9999

01,02,09

2003-15,9999

01,06,09

2007-15,9999

04,05, 09

2008-15,9999

2009-14,9999

2009-15,9999

2011-15,9999
1955-2015,
9999
1955-2015,
9999

05
01-10

1986-2015,
9999

2000-15,9999

2011-15,9999

2004-15,9999

1987-91,9999
1989-90,9999
1993-2002;
2004-09,
2011-15,9999
1998-2005,
9999
2013-15,9999

20
20
20

399 Unknown (automobile)
LIGHT TRUCKS
401 Pathfinder
402 Xterra
403 Juke
421 Pathfinder Armada
441 Van
442 Axxess
443 Quest

MPV, 4X4, XE, LE, SE, S,
Off-Road, FE+, SV, Silver
Edition, Hybrid
XE (I-4), SE, (S/C), SE-R,
Spec V, X, S, Off-Road,
Pro-4X
S, SL, SV, Nismo, Nismo
RS
LE, SE, SE Off-Road,
Titanium, Platinum, SV, SL
XE, GXE

444 Altra EV*

XE, GXE, SE, GLE, 3.5
S/SE/SL, Special Edition,
SV, LE, Platinum
(electric vehicle*)

446 NV200/eNV200

S, SV

2015

(NISS) - (DATS)

01-10

20
20

295

MAKE:

Nissan/Datsun (Cont.)

Model
Codes
LIGHT TRUCKS (Cont.)
461 NV
471 Datsun/Nissan Pickup
1955-1997)
472 Frontier (1998 on)

473 Titan (from 2004-06; see
481 for 2007 on)
481 Titan (from 2007 on; see
473 for 2004-06)
498 Other (light truck)

(35)
Includes

Model Years

Body Types

1500, 2500, 3500
120,620 series, King Cab,
Hardbody, XE, SE
XE, SE, S/C (Regular Cab,
King Cab, Desert Runner,
Crew Cab), Open-Sky,
SVE, Nismo, Pro-4X, LE,
SV, SL, S, Diesel Runner
E, LE, SE, XE

2011-15,9999
1955-97,9999

21,22, 28, 29
30,32,40,42

1998-2015,
9999

30,32,40,42

2004-06,9999

LE, SE, XE, PRO-4X, S,
SV, SL, XD

2007-16,9999

Patrol (1960)

1955-2016,
9999
1955-2016,
9999

14,15,20,21, 22,
30-32
14,15,19,20, 29,
30,32,39,40,42,
48,49

2011-15,9999

55,61-64

1986-2015,
9999
1986-2015,
9999
1950-2016,
9999

60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78
49,79,99

499 Unknown (light truck)
MEDIUM/HEAVY TRUCKS
870 Medium/Heavy VanNV
Based Vehicle
883 Medium/Heavy – COE
high entry
898 Other (medium/heavy
truck)
999 Unknown (NISSAN/DATSUN)
MAKE:

Oldsmobile

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES
001 Cutlass (RWD-only)

002 Delta 88/LSS

003 Ninety-Eight/Regency
005 Toronado

296

(NISS) - (DATS)

(21)

(OLDS)

Includes

Model Years

Body Types

Supreme, S, LS, Salon,
Brougham Vista Cruiser,
F85 (thru 1972), Rallye 350,
Hurst Olds, 442, Calais
(thru 1985), Classic (88)
Royale, Custom, Delta,
Jetstar 88, Delmont 88,
Starfire (Thru 1966),
Custom Cruiser, Jetfire,
Eighty-Eight (LS, 50th Anniv.
Edition)
Luxury, Futuramic,
Brougham
XS,XSR, Trofeo, Brougham
Custom

1960-88,9999

01,02,04,06,
08,09

1949-99,9999

01-04,06,08,09

1949-99,9999

01,02,04,08,09

1966-92,9999

2015

MAKE:

Oldsmobile (Cont.)

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES (Cont.)
006 Commercial Series
012
015
016
017

Starfire
Omega
Firenza
Ciera

(21)
Includes

Model Years

Body Types

Ambulance/Hearse

1940-2003,
9999
1975-80,9999
1973-85,9999
1982-88,9999
1982-96,9999

09-12

022 Aurora

SX, GT, ST
X-body type, Brougham
S, LS, SX, Cruiser, GT
Cutlass Ciera, Cutlass
Cruiser, Brougham, ES,
I (International)
GT, ES, 500
Supreme (Excludes
Ciera),GLS, GL
SC, SL, GX, GL (1,2,4),
GLS
3.5L, 4.0L,Collector’s Series

023 Intrigue

GL, GX, GLS

398 Other (automobile)

66/68/70/90, Dynamic 70

018 Calais
020 Cutlass (FWD)
021 Achieva/Alero

399 Unknown (automobile)
LIGHT TRUCKS
401 Bravada
441 Silhouette
499 Unknown (light truck)

2WD, 4WD, Collector’s
Series
GL, GLS, Series I, Series II,
GS Premier Edition,
Collector’s Series

999 Unknown (OLDSMOBILE)
MAKE:

Peugeot

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES
031 304
032 403
033 404
034 504/505

035 604
036 405

2015

(OLDS)

1985-91,9999
1988-99,9999

02,04,08,09
01,02,04,08,09

1992-2004,
9999
1995-99;
2001-03,9999
1997-2002,
9999
1930-2004,
9999
1930-2004,
9999

02,04,08,09

Station Wagon
Station Wagon
STI, STX, Turbo, S, STI,
STX, GL, GLS Liberte,
Station Wagon, DSL, DL,
GLX
SL, D
Mi-16, DL, S

04
02,04,08,09
01-12
01-12

1991-94;
1996-2004,
9999
1990-2004,
9999

1932-2004,
9999
1932-2004,
9999

14,20,49

(44)
Includes

01-03,09
02-04,08,09
03-06,07,09
01,02,04,06,
08.09

49
(PEUG)

Model Years

Body Types

1971-72,9999
1955-67,9999
1961-70,9999
1970-91,9999

04-06,09
01,04,06,09
01,04,06,09
04-06,09

1977-84,9999
1989-91,9999

04
04,06,09

297

MAKE:

Peugeot (Cont.)

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES (Cont.)
398 Other (automobile)

(44)
Includes

Model Years

Body Types

202, 203

1945-91,9999

01-09

1945-91,9999

01-09

1965-83,9999
1965-83,9999
1965-83,9999

81
81
81

1960-91,9999

399 Unknown (automobile)
MOTORCYCLES
701 0-50 cc
702 51-124cc
709 Unknown cc
999 Unknown (PEUGEOT)
MAKE:

Plymouth

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES
001 Valiant/Scamp/Duster
(thru 1976)
002 Satellite/Belvedere

003 Fury (Fury Gran thru ’78)
004 Gran Fury (’80 on)
005 Barracuda
006 Volare’
007 Caravelle
008 Horizon/Turismo
011 Reliant (K)
013 Scamp-(car-based p/u)
017 Sundance
019 Acclaim
020 Neon (2002 and on, see
Dodge)
031 Cricket
032 Arrow
033 Sapporo

298

(PEUG)

(09)

(PLYM)

Includes

Model Years

Body Types

100, 200, Brougham,
Signet, Custom, Special,
340, 360, Twister
Belvedere I/II, GTX,
Roadrunner (through 1974),
Brougham, Sebring,
Sebring Plus, Superbird
I, II, III, Roadrunner (1975),
Suburban, Salon, VIP,
Sport
Sedan, Coupe, Salon
Formula, S, 340, Gran
Coupe, AAR, Cuda
Custom, Premier,
Roadrunner (1976 on),
Police
Turbo, SE
TC-3, Turismo 2.2, Miser,
America, Custom, SE,
Duster (1985 on), Expo
SE, LE, Reliant America,
Limited
GT, 2.2
RS, Turbo, Sundance
Duster, America
LX, LE
Sport, Competition, Highline

1960-76,9999

01,02,04,06,
08,09

1951-74,9999

01,02,04,06,
08-12

1957-78,9999

01,02,04,06,
08,09

1980-89,9999
1964-74,9999

02,04,06,08,09
01,02,09

1976-80,9999

02,04,06,08,09

1985-88,9999
1978-90,9999

04
03,05,07,09

1981-89,9999

02,04,06,08,09

1982-84,9999
1987-94,9999

10
03,05,07,09

1989-95,9999
1995-2001,
9999
1971-72,9999
1976-80,9999
1978-83,9999

04
02,04,08,09

GS, GT, Fire Arrow
all imported

04,06,09
03
02,03,09

2015

MAKE:

Plymouth (Cont.)

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES (Cont.)
034 Champ/Colt import
(includes 2WD Vista)
035 Conquest
037 Laser
038 Breeze
039 Prowler (1997, 19992001 only. For 2002 on,
see Chrysler)
398 Other (automobile)

(09)
Includes

(PLYM)
Model Years

Turbo, Custom, GL, SE, DL, 1979-94,9999
E Station wagon (1984 on)
TSI
1984-87,9999
RS, Turbo
1989-94,9999
1996-2000,
9999
Roadster, Black Tie Edition 1997;
1999-2001,
9999

02-09
03
02,03,09
04
01

1930-95,9999

01-12

1965-2001,
9999

01-12

1974-93,9999
1987-94,9999
1984-2001,
9999
1965-95,9999

15
20
20

1975-91,9999

30,32

498 Other (light truck)

1965-2001,
9999

15,20,21,28,29,
30,32,42,45,48

499 Unknown (light truck)

1974-2001,
9999

15,20,21,29, 30,
32, 48, 49

1965-2001,
9999
1957-2001,
9999

92,93,97

399 Unknown (automobile)
LIGHT TRUCKS
421 Trailduster
441 Vista Van
442 Voyager (minivan) (2000
and on, see Chrysler)
461 Van-fullsize (B-series)
471 Arrow pickup (foreign)

Regant, Fleet, Savoy,
Concord, Cambridge

Body Types

4X4 (only)
SE, LX, Grand Voyager, SE
Expresso, EPIC-electric*
Voyager (thru 1983), Sport,
Premier

OTHER VEHICLE
998 Other (vehicle)
999 Unknown (PLYMOUTH)

MAKE:

Pontiac

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES
001 Lemans (See model 031
for 1988 on)/Tempest
(thru 1970)

2015

(22)

(PONT)

Includes

Model Years

Body Types

Safari, T-37, Luxury, Grand
Sport, GTO (thru 1973),
GT-37, Sprint, Judge,
Grand AM (73-75), Grand
Lemans

1961-81,9999

01,02,04,06,
08,09

299

MAKE:

Pontiac (Cont.)

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES (Cont.)
002 Bonneville/Catalina/
Parisienne
005 Fiero
008 Ventura/GTO
009 Firebird/Trans AM

010 Grand Prix (RWD)
011 Astre
012 Sunbird (thru 1980;1985
on see model 016)
013 T-1000/1000
015 Phoenix
016 Sunbird (1985-1994 only)
/J-2000/Sunfire (1995
on)
017 6000
018 Grand AM
019 G5
020 Grand Prix (FWD)

022 G6
023
024
025
031
032

Solstice
G8
G3
Lemans (1988 on)
Vibe

398 Other (automobile)
399 Unknown (automobile)
LIGHT TRUCKS
401 Aztek
403 Torrent

300

(22)

(PONT)

Includes

Model Years

Body Types

Brougham, Grand Safari,
Safari, Grandville, 2+2,
Executive, Starchief, SE,
SSE, SSEi, G, SLE, GXP
2M4, 2M6, GT, SE
II, SJ, Sprint, GTO (74-77),
Custom, Base, LS2
Esprit, Formula, GTA,
Redbird, Yellowbird,
Skybird, SE, Bandit,
TransAm
J, LJ, SJ, Brougham, 2+2,
GT, STE, SE
Safari, SJ, Custom
Safari, Sport, Formula

1954-2005,
9999

01,02,04,06,
08,09

1984-89,9999
1971-77;
2004-06,9999
1967-2002,
9999

02
02-04,09

1962-87,9999

01,02,09

1975-77,9999
1976-80,9999

02,03,06,09
01-09

2T
LJ, SJ
LE, SE, GT, 2000
Convertible, 2J, S, SE, GT,
1SA, 1SB, 1SC, 1SV
STE, SE, LE
SE, LE, GT, GT1, SE1,
SE2, SC/T Package
Base, GT
LE, SE, STE, GT, McLaren
Turbo, GTP, Limited
Edition, 40th Anniversary
Edition, GXP
Base, GT, GTP, Value
Leader, GXP
GXP
GT, GXP

1981-87,9999
1977-84,9999
1982-2005,
9999

03,05,07,09
02-05,07-09
01-09

1982-91,9999
1973-2005,
9999
2007-10,9999
1988-2008,
9999

02,04,06,08,09
02,04,08,09

LE, SE, Tempest Canadian
GT, AWD, HB
Torpedo, Streamliner,
Chieftain Star Chief, Super
Chief

GT, SE, 1SA, 1SB, 1SC,
Rally Edition
GXP

01-03,09

02
01,02,04,08,09

2005-10,9999

01,02,04,09

2006-10,9999
2008-10,9999
2009-10,9999
1988-93,9999
2003-10,9999

01,02, 09
04
04,05,09
01-09
06

1946-2010,
9999

01-10

1926-2010,
9999

01-10

2001-05,9999

2006-09,9999

2015

MAKE:

Pontiac (Cont.)

Model
Codes
LIGHT TRUCKS (Cont.)
441 Trans Sport/
Montana/SV6
499 Unknown (light truck)

(22)
Includes

Model Years

Body Types

SE, Montana, Extended,
Versatrak, 1SV, 1SA, 1SX,
1SY, 1SE, Chrome Sport,

1990-2009,
9999

1990-2009,
9999
1951-2010,
9999

14,20,49

999 Unknown (PONTIAC)
MAKE:

Porsche

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES
031 911/996

032 912
033
034
035
036
037
038
039
040

914
924
928
930
944
959
968
986/Boxster

041 Cayman
042 Panamera
043 918
398 Other (automobile)

399 Unknown (automobile)

2015

(PONT)

(45)

49
(PORS)

Includes

Model Years

Body Types

L, S, E, T, SC, Carrera (2,
4, Cabriolet, Targa), GT,
Slopenose, 4S, Targa,
Speedster, Turbo, B series,
S-Coupe, Cabriolet (S),
GT2, GT3 (RS), GT
1600, E, T

1965-2015,
9999

01,02,09

1966-69;
1976,9999
1970-76,9999
1977-88,9999
1978-95,9999
1979
1983-91,9999
1989-94,9999
1992-95,9999
1997-2015,
9999

01,02,09

1.7, 1.8, 2.0, S, 914/4/6
Turbo, S
S, S4, GT, GTS
Turbo
Turbo, S, S2
Not Imported to U.S.
Boxster, Boxster Cabriolet,
S Roadster, S Anniversary,
Limited Edition, Spyder,
Black Edition, GTS
S, Hybrid, Black Edition, R,
GTS, GT4
S, 4, 4S, Turbo, Turbo S,
Hybrid, GTS, S, Platinum
Edition, Executive
Spyder, Weissach Pkg
Spyder, Speedster (prior to
’65), 356 (A,B,C) Grund,
America, Super, 1500

01
01-03,09
02,03,09
02
01-03,09
01-03,09
01,02,09
01

2006-15,9999

2010-15,9999

2013-15,9999
1948-2015,
9999

01,02,09
01-03,05,09

1948-2015,
9999

01-03,05,09

301

MAKE:

Porsche (Cont.)

Model
Codes
LIGHT TRUCKS
401 Macan
421 Cayenne
499 Unknown (light truck)

(45)
Includes

Model Years

Body Types

S, S Diesel, Turbo
Turbo, S, Titanium, GTS
(PD Edition),Transsyberia,
Hybrid, Diesel

2014-15,9999
2003-15,9999

14
15

2003-15,9999

14, 15

1965-2015,
9999

999 Unknown (PORSCHE)
MAKE:

Renault

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES
031 LeCar
032 Dauphine/10/R-8
Caravelle
033 12
034 15
035 16
036 17
037 18i/Sportwagon
038 Fuego
039 Alliance/Encore GTA,
Convertible
041 Alpine
044 Medallion **
045 Premier**
398 Other (automobile)

(PORS)

(46)

(RENA)

Includes

Model Years

Body Types

R-5, R5TL, GTL, TL, DLX
all models, R-1190,
R8 -1100
R-12L, R-12TL/GTL
R-15TL
R-16, R-1152
R17, Gordini Coupe, R17TL
R18i, Deluxe, DLX
TL, TS, GTL, GTS, Turbo
L, DL, Limited, X-37

1976-83,9999
1955-71,9999

02-05,07-09
01,02,04,08,09

1972-77,9999
1973-76,9999
1969-72,9999
1972-80,9999
1981-86,9999
1982-85,9999
1983-87,9999

04,06,09
02,03,09
06
01,02,09
04,06,09
02, 03,09
01-05,07-09

GT, GTA Coupe, Not
imported to U.S.
DL, LX

1971-90,9999

02,03,09

1987
1987
1946-90,9999

04,06,09
04
01-11

1946-90,9999

01-11

Juvaquatre, 4CV, Fregate,
Domaine

399 Unknown (automobile)
** Note: Medallion and Premier listed under Eagle after 1987.
MAKE:

Saab

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES
031 99/99E/900
032 Sonnett
033 95/96
034 9000

302

(47)

(SAA)

Includes

Model Years

Body Types

S,GL, GLE, L, LE, 2CM,
4CM Turbo, Cabriolet, 2EM,
4EM, CM, SE
II, III, 97
V-4, M, S, M-S, Special
S, Turbo, CS, CD, CDE, E,
AERO,CSE

1969-98,9999

01-05,07-09

1967-74,9999
1959-73,9999
1985-98,9999

02
02,06,09
04,05,09

2015

MAKE:

Saab (Cont.)

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES (Cont.)
035 9-3/9-3x
036 9-5
037 9-2x
038 9-4x
398 Other (automobile)
399 Unknown (automobile)
LIGHT TRUCKS
401 9-7x
999 Unknown (SAAB)
MAKE:

(47)
Includes

Model Years

Body Types

SE (Hot), Viggen, Linear
Arc, Vector, Aero, 2.0T,
SportCombi, Combi, Estate
SE, Aero, 2.3T, Set, Arc,
Linear, Aero, SportCombi,
2.5T, Turbo X, Vector
Linear, Aero

1999-2012,
9999

01,03-07,09

1999-2012,
9999

02,04,06,08,09

2005-06,9999
2009-12,9999
1950-2012,
9999
1950-2012,
9999

05
06
01-09

2005-11,9999

1950-2012,
9999

Monte Carlo 850, GT850,
GT750, 92/93

Arc, Linear, 4.2i, 5.3i,
Altitude Edition, Aero

Saturn

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES
001 SL

(SAA)

(24)

01-09

(STRN)

Includes

Model Years

Body Types

SL, SL1, SL2

1991-2002,
9999
1991-2002,
9999
1993-2001,
9999
1997-2003,
9999
2000-05,9999

2000-04,9999

2003-07,9999

04, 09, 17

2007-10,9999
2007-10,9999
2007-10,9999
2008-10,9999

01
04
06
03,05,09

398 Other (automobile)

1991-2010,
9999

02-06,08,09, 17

399 Unknown (automobile)

1991-2010,
9999

02-06,08,09, 17

002 SC

SC1, SC2

003 SW

SW1, SW2

004 EV1/EGV1*

Electric Vehicle (Gen II)

005 LS

007 Ion

LS, LS1, LS2, L100/L200/
L300, L300-1/2/3
LW1, LW2, LW200/ LW3001/2/3
Quad-coupe, I3, Red Line

008
009
010
011

Red Line
XE, XR, Hybrid
XE, XR
XE, XR, Sport

006 LW

2015

Sky
Aura
Outlook
Astra

02, 09, 17
06
02

303

MAKE:

Saturn (Cont.)

Model
Codes
LIGHT TRUCKS
401 Vue

(24)
Includes

Model Years

Body Types

Red Line, 4, V6, Green
Line, XE, XR-4, XR-V6
2, 3

2002-10,9999

2005-07,9999

499 Unknown (light truck)

2002-10,9999

14,20

999 Unknown (SATURN)

1991-2010,
9999

441 Relay

MAKE:

Scion

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES
031 xB (2012 on. See
Toyota for 2004-2011)
032 tC (2012 on. See Toyota
for 2005-2011)

(67)

(SCIO)

Includes

Model Years

Body Types

1.0, 2.0 Series, Limited
Edition, 10th Anniversary
1.0 Series, Limited Edition,
8.0 Series, 10th
Anniversary
Limited Edition, 10th
Anniversary

2012-15,9999

2012-14,9999

10th Anniversary

2012-14,9999

10th Anniversary

2013-15,9999

398 Other (automobile)

2012-15,9999

02, 03, 05, 06,09

399 Unknown (automobile)

2012-15,9999

02, 03, 05, 06,09

033 xD (2012 on. See
Toyota for 2007-2011)
034 iQ (2012 on. See Toyota
for 2010-2011)
035 FR-S

MAKE:

Smart

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES
031 Fortwo

(65)

MAKE:

Model Years

Body Types

Pure, Passion, BRABUS,
Electric Car

2008-15,9999

01,02,09

2008-15,9999
2008-15,9999

01,02,09
01,02,09

Sterling

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES
031 827
398 Other (automobile)
399 Unknown (automobile)

(SMRT)

Includes

398 Other (automobile)
399 Unknown (automobile)

304

(STRN)

(61)

(STLG)

Includes

Model Years

Body Types

Li, SL, S, SLI

1987-91,9999

04,05,09

825, S, SL, Oxford Edition

1987-91,9999
1987-91,9999

04,05,09
04,05,09

2015

MAKE:

Subaru

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES
031 Loyale (1990 on)/DL/
FE/G/GF/GL/GLF/
STD
032 Star
033 360
034 Legacy/Outback(prior
to 2003 only; see 045
for 2003 on)

035 XT/XT6
036 Justy
037 SVX
038 Impreza

039
043
044
045

RX
Brat
Baja
Outback (2003 on;
see 034 for prior to
2003)

046 BRZ
047 WRX (2015 on; see
038 for prior to 2015)
398 Other (automobile)

(48)
Includes
4-wheel drive, S, 1300, 1400,
1600, 1800, A15L, A44L,
Touring Wagon, Turbo
FF -1 Star, 1100
L, LS, LSI, 4WD, Outback
(Limited, Ltd, Sport, VDC, L.L.
Bean Edition), GT, Brighton,
Sport Utility Sedan (Ltd.), 30th
Anniv. Outback, H-6, 35th
Anniv., 2.5, 2.5i/GT, spec. B,
3.0R, Limited, Premium, 3.6R
4WD Turbo, convertible, DL,
GL
DL, GL, 4WD
LS, LSL, XR, Lsi
L, LS, Brighton, Outback Sport,
RS, L-Sport, LX, 2.5i/RS/S/TS/
GT, WRX, WRX Sport/STI/SS/
TR, Limited Edition, Premium,
SE, STI, STI-S, 2.0i (Premium,
Limited, Sport)
DL, GL
Sport, Turbo
H6-VDC, 35th Anniversary
Edition, 2.5, 2.5i, 2.5XT, 3.0R,
Special Edition, VDC Limited,
Sport, L.L. Bean Edition, 3.0R.
Premium, 3.6R
Premium, Limited
Premium, Limited, STi, STi
Limited

399 Unknown (automobile)
LIGHT TRUCKS
401 Forester

402 B9 Tribeca
403 XV Crosstrek

2015

L, S, 2.5i, 2.0XT, 2.5X, 2.5XS,
2.5XT, L.L. Bean Edition,
Limited (Plus), Sport, Premium,
Touring
Base, Limited, Special Edition,
Premium, Touring, 3.6R
2.0i Premium/Limited, Hybrid
(Premium)

(SUBA)
Model Years

Body Types

1972-94,9999

02-09

1971
1958-70,9999
1990-2015,
9999

02,04,06,08,09
02
04-06,09

1985-91,9999

01,02,09

1987-94,9999
1992-97,9999
1993-2015,
9999

03,05,07,09
02
02,04-06,08,09

1986-89,9999
1978-87,9999
2003-07,9999
2003-15,9999

03,04,09
10
10
04-06,09

2013-15,9999
2015

03
04

1968-2015,
9999
1968-2015,
9999

01-10

1997-2015,
9999

2006-14,9999

2013-15,9999

01-10

305

MAKE:

Subaru (Cont.)

Model
Codes
LIGHT TRUCKS (Cont.)
499 Unknown (light truck)

(48)
Includes

Model Years

999 Unknown (SUBARU)
MAKE:

Suzuki

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES
031 Swift/SA310

Includes
Gti, GTX, GLX, GA, GT, GL
GL, GLX, GLX+

033 Aerio
034 Forenza

S,G,LX,SX (Wagon), Luxury
S, LX, EX, Premium,
Convenience, Popular
S, LX, EX, Luxury
S, LX, EX, Premium,
Convenience
Base, Sport, Convenience,
Touring, L, S, SD, SE, GTS,
LE, SportBack, JX, Premium,
Tech Value Package
GTS, S, SE, SLS, Sport
800 Fronte, Alto

040 SX4/SX4 Crossover

041 Kizashi
398 Other (automobile)
399 Unknown (automobile)
LIGHT TRUCKS
401 Samurai
402 Sidekick/Vitara/ Vitara
V6

403 X-90
404 Grand Vitara (2003
on; see model 402 for
models prior to 2003)
405 XL-7 (2003 on; see
402 for 2002 model
year)

306

Standard, Deluxe, JL
JS, JX, JLX, JLS, Sport, Grand
Vitara (1999-2002 only; see
model 404 for 2003 on) (JS,
JLX, JLS, Ltd.)
XL-7 (2002 only; see model
405 for 2003 on) LX
JS, JLX, JLS, Limited, GX, LX,
XV6, Premium, Xsport, Luxury,
Special Edition, Ultra
Adventure Edition
Standard, Touring, Limited,
GX, LX, Premium, Luxury

Body Types

1997-2015,
9999

1958-2015,
9999

(53)

032 Esteem

035 Verona
036 Reno

(SUBA)

(SUZI)
Model Years

Body Types

1989-2001,
2010,9999
1995-2002,
9999
2002-07,9999
2004-08,9999

03-05,07,09

04,06,09
04,06,09

2004-06,9999
2005-08,9999

04
05

2007-13,9999

04,05,09

2010-13,9999
1981-2013,
9999

04
03-07,09

1981-2013,
9999

03-07,09

1986-96,9999
1989-2004,
9999

14
14

1996-98,9999
2003-13,9999

14
14

2003-09,9999

04,06,09

2015

MAKE:

Suzuki (Cont.)

Model
Codes
LIGHT TRUCK(Cont.)
481 Equator
498 Other (light truck)

(53)
Includes

Jimmy

1981-2013,
9999

14, 31

1981-2013,
9999

14, 31

1970-2013,
9999

80,81,83,88,89

1970-2015,
9999
1969-2015,
9999
1970-93;
2000-15,9999
1969-2015,
9999
1970-2015,
9999
1969-2015,
9999

80,81,83,88,89

702 51-124cc
703 125-349cc
704 350-449cc
705 450-749cc
706 750cc-over
709 Unknown cc

733 125-349cc
734 350cc or greater
739 Unknown cc

Body Types

2009-13,9999

MOTORCYCLES
701 0-50cc

732 51-124cc

Model Years

Comfort, Premium, Sport,
RMZ-4

499 Unknown (light truck)

ALL TERRAIN VEHICLES
731 0-50cc

(SUZI)

includes all ATVs
designed solely for
off-road use and have 3
or 4 wheels.

1969-87;
2002-04,9999
1969-2004,
9999
1969-2015,
9999
1969-93;
1998-2015,
9999
1969-2015,
9999

80,83,88,89
80,83,88,89
80,83,88,89
80,83,88,89
80-83,88,89

90
90
90
90
90, 97*

999 Unknown (SUZUKI)

1969-2015,
49, 99
9999
* Refer to Body Type attribute 97 (Other Vehicle Type) for remarks regarding side-by-side
ATVs

2015

307

MAKE:

Toyota

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES
031 Corona
032 Corolla

033 Celica
034
035
036
037
038

Supra
Cressida
Crown
Carina
Tercel

039 Starlet
040 Camry

041 MR-2/MR Spyder
042 Paseo
043 Avalon
044 Solara
045 ECHO
046 Prius *

047 Matrix
048 Scion xA
049 Scion xB (2004-2011
only. See 67-031 for
2012 on.)
050 Scion tC (2005-2011
only. See 67-032 for
2012 on.)
051 Yaris
052 Scion xD (2007-2011
only. See 67-033 for
2012 on.)

308

(49)

(TOYT)

Includes

Model Years

Body Types

Mark II, Custom, 1900, 2000,
Deluxe
1100, 1200, 1600, SR-5, LE,
DX, CE, Deluxe, Custom, FX,
FX16, Sport, GTS, VE, S,
XRS, XLE, CE, L, Special
Edition, LE Eco
1900, 2000, GT, ST, GTS, VE,
GT-S
Celica Supra, Soarer, Turbo

1966-83,9999

02,04,06,08,09

1969-2016,
9999

02-09

1971-2006,
9999
1979-98,9999
1978-92,9999
1958-71,9999
1972-73,9999
1980-99,9999

01-03,09

2300, 2600, Toyopets
2000
Corolla Tercel, 4WD, EZ, DX,
LE, DLX, CE

03
04-06,09
02,04,06,08,09
02
02-09

1981-84,9999
LE, Deluxe, XLE, DLX, SE, All- 1983-2016,
Trac, CE, SE, Limited Edition,
9999
L, Hybrid (CVT/LE/XLE/SE),
XSE, Special Edition
Super Charged
1984-95;
2000-07,9999
Turbo, T-bar
1992-97,9999
XL, XLS, Limited, Touring,
1995-2016,
XLE, Hybrid, Premium, Sport
9999
Camry Solara (SE, SLE,
1999-2009,
Sport)
9999
2000-05,9999
*Electric hybrid, Touring, II, III, 2001-15,9999
IV, V(2/3/4/5), (CVT), 3rd
Generation (2/3/4/5), Plug-In
(Base/Advanced), c (1/2/3/4),
Persona Series
Base, XR, XRS, STD, S, SD, L 2003-13,9999
RS 1.0
2004-06,9999
1.0, 2.0 Series
2004-11,9999

03
02,04-06,08,09

1.0 Series

2005-11,9999

Liftback, S, CE, HB, LB, LE,
RS, SE, L

2007-15,9999

03-05, 09

2007-11,9999

01,02,09
01,02,09
04
01,02,09
02,04,09
03-06,09

06
05
06

2015

MAKE:

Toyota (Cont.)

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES (Cont.)
053 Venza
054 Scion iQ (2010-2011
only. See 67-034 for
2012 on.)
055 Mirai
398 Other (automobile)
399 Unknown (automobile)
LIGHT TRUCKS
401 4-Runner
402 RAV4*
403 Highlander
404 FJ Cruiser
421 Land Cruiser
422 Sequoia
441 Minivan (1984-90)/
Previa (1991 on)
442 Sienna
471 Pickup
472 Tacoma

481 T-100
482 Tundra

498 Other (light truck)
499 Unknown (light truck)
999 Unknown (TOYOTA)

2015

(49)

(TOYT)

Includes

Model Years

Body Types

LE, XLE, Limited

2009-15,9999
2010-11,9999

05
04

2016
1960-2016,
9999
1960-2016,
9999

04
01-10

1984-2015,
9999
1996-2015,
9999
2001-15,9999

14
14

2007-14,9999

1964-2015,
9999
2001-15,9999
1984-97,9999

1998-2015,
9999
1974-95,9999

2000 GT Coupe (1960s),
Sports 800, Vipor, Tiara

SR5, Limited, Sport, Trail
L, LE, EVs-electric*, Sport,
Limited, Hybrid, XLE
Limited, Hybrid, Sport, SE,
Plus, LE, LE Plus, XLE
Baja 1000, FJ, SE, TRD, AT,
MT
4WD
SR5, Limited, Platinum,
LE, Cargo, DX, XLE
CE, LE, XLE, Symphony,
Limited, SE, L
SR-5,Extra Cab, Sport, LN44,
Chinook, Wonder Wagon
SR5, Xtracab, Limited,
PreRunner, Side Step, Double
Cab, S-Runner, 2.7L, 4.0L
X-Runner, T/X, T/X Pro,
Access Cab
DX, SR5, Limited, Xtracab
SR5 (Access Cab), LTD,
(Access Cab), Double Cab,
Darrell Waltrip Special Edition,
CrewMax, 4.0L, 4.6L, 5.7L,
Limited, SR, 1794 Edition

01-10

15
20

30-32,40,42

1995-2016,
9999

30,32,40,42

1993-98,9999
1999-2016,
9999

31,32,40,42
31,32, 40,42

1970-2016,
9999
1973-2016,
9999

14,15,19,20,
29,30,31,32,39
14,15,19,20,30-32,
39,40,42,48,49

1966-2016,
9999

309

MAKE:

Triumph

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES
031 Spitfire
032 GT-6
033 TR4
034 TR6
035 TR7/TR8
036 Herald
037 Stag
398 Other (automobile)
399 Unknown (automobile)

(50)
Includes

Model Years

Body Types

I, II, III, IV, 1500
MK3
TR2, TR3, TR4A

1962-81,9999
1967-73,9999
1958-68,9999
1969-76,9999
1975-81,9999
1960-74,9999
1971-73,9999

01,02,09
01,02,09
01,02,09
01,02,09
01,02,09
01,02,06,09
01,02,09

1946-81,9999

01,02,04,08,09

1946-81,9999

01,02,04,08,09

1965-83,9999
1965-83,9999
1950-74,9999
1950-71,9999
1950-2015,
9999
1950-2015,
9999
1950-2015,
9999

80
80
80
80
80

1950-2015,
9999
1950-2015,
9999

Vitesse
1800,2000,Mayflower,
Renown,1200

MOTORCYCLES
701 0-50cc
702 51-124cc
703 125-349cc
704 350-449cc
705 450-749cc
706 750cc or greater
709 Unknown cc
799 Unknown (motored cycle)
999 Unknown (TRIUMPH)
MAKE:

Volkswagen

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES
031 Karmann Ghia
032 Beetle 1300/1500
033 Super Beetle
034 411/412
035 Squareback/Fastback
036 Rabbit
037 Dasher
038 Scirocco

310

(TRIU)

(30)
Includes
Flat windshield, 94.5 WB
Curved windshield 95.3 WB
Squareback/Fastback
Type 3, 1600
L, GTI, Sport, LS, Custom,
DL, Deluxe, S
16V

80
80

99
(VOLK)

Model Years

Body Types

1954-75,9999
1948-77,9999
1971-80,9999
1971-74,9999
1965-74,9999
1975-84,
2007-09,9999
1974-81,9999
1975-88,9999

01,02,09
01,02,09
01,02,09
03,04,09
02
01,03,05-07,09
03,05-07,09
02

2015

MAKE:

Volkswagen (Cont.)

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES (Cont.)
040 Jetta/Jetta SportsWagen

041 Quantum
042 Golf/Cabriolet/Cabrio/
GTI/ GLI

043
044
045
046

Rabbit Pickup
Fox
Corrado
Passat (CC - 2008 thru
2011; see 052 for 2012
on)

047 New Beetle

048 Phaeton
051 Eos

2015

(30)

(VOLK)

Includes

Model Years

Body Types

III, GL (TDI, 1.9L, 2.0L), GLI
(VR6), GLS (1.8T,1.8L/l.9L/
2.0L/2.8L/ TDI/VR6),GT,
Carat, TDI, GLX (VR6/
2.8L), Turbo Diesel, 2.5L
Wolfsburg Edition, S/SE/
SEL, Value Edition. 2.0T,
3.6, Autobahn, Hybrid (SE,
SEL, SEL Premium),
Premium, Edition 30
Synco
Golf II, GTI (GLS, GLX
1.8T/2.0T/2.8L), GT,
GL(1.8T/ VR6/2.0L/1.9L/
TDI), Golf III, GLS
(1.8T/1.8L/1.9L/ 2.0/TDI),
Wolfsburg, Cabrio (GL,
GLS, GLX), 20th
Anniversary, R32, MkV,
Convenience, R, 2.5L,
Driver's Edition, SE, SEL,
Autobahn, Launch Edition
car-based pickup
GL

1981-2015,
9999

02,04,06,08,09

1982-88,9999
1985-2015,
9999

02,04,06,08,09
01,03,05-09

1980-83,9999
1987-94,9999
1989-94,9999
1990-2015,
9999

10
02,04,06,08,09
02
04,06,09

1998-2010,
2012 -15,
9999

01,03,09

2002-11,9999

2006-15,9999

GL,GLS(1.8T,Synchro,V6),
TDI,GLX(1.8T, 2.0T, W8,
Synchro,V6), 4MOTION,
3.6 GL, Value Edition, CC,
Highline, Komfort, 2.5
(S/SE), Wolfsburg Edition,
Sport, Premium, Clean
Diesel, SEL
GL GLS TDI, 1.8T/1.8L/
1.9L/2.0L/2.5/2.5L Syncro/
V6, GLX (1.8T), Turbo,
Turbo S, Fender Edition,
Sun and Sound, R-Line,
GSR, Clean Diesel
3.2L, 4.2L, V6, V8,W12
2.0T, 3.2L, Executive,
Komfort, Luxury, Turbo,
VR6, Sport, Final Edition

311

MAKE:

Volkswagen (Cont.)

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES (Cont.)
052 CC (For 2012 on. See
model 046 for 20082011.)
398 Other (automobile)

(30)
Includes

Model Years

Body Types

Luxury, Sport, Sport Plus,
VR6, R-Line, 2.0T,
4MOTION, Executive,

2012-15,9999

1965-2015,
9999

01-10

1956-2015,
9999

01-10

1973-75,9999
2008-15,9999

14
14

2003-15,9999

1955-91,9999

1992-04,9999

2009-13,9999

1967-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999

14,15,20

1965-2015,
9999
1956-2015,
9999

92,93,97

399 Unknown (automobile)
LIGHT TRUCKS
401 The Thing (181)
402 Tiguan
421 Touareg/Touareg 2

441 Vanagon/Camper
442 Eurovan
443 Routan

S, SE, SEL, R-Line,
4MOTION
V6, V8, V10, VR6 FSI, Lux,
Executive, Hybrid, Sport, RLine, X Special Edition,
TDI
Bus, Kombi, Van
GLS, MV, Camper,
Weekender Package
S, SE, SEL Premium/RSE

498 Other (light truck)
499 Unknown (light truck)
OTHER VEHICLE
998 Other (vehicle)
999 Unknown (VOLKSWAGEN)

MAKE:

Volvo

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES
031 122
032 140/142/144/145 *
033 164
034 240 series*/DL/GL/GLT
035 260 series/GLE

312

(VOLK)

(51)

14,15,20,49

(VOLV)

Includes

Model Years

Body Types

S
S, E, GL, GLS, Deluxe
S, E
242, 244, 245, DL, GL,
GLT, Deluxe
264,265,262, c, Volvo
Coupe, Volvo Diesel

1958-68,9999
1968-74,9999
1970-75,9999
1975-93,9999

02,04,06,08,09
02,04,06,08,09
04
02,04,06,08,09

1976-82,9999

02,04,06,08,09,
12

2015

MAKE:

Volvo (Cont.)

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES (Cont.)
036 1800
037 PV544
038 760/780
039
040
041
042

740
940
960
850

043 70 Series (For XC70 for
2014 on, use model code
402)
044 90 Series
045 80 Series
046 40 Series
047 60 Series
048 V50
049 C30
050 XC60
051 V60
398 Other (automobile)

(51)
Includes

Model Years

Body Types

E, S, ES, P1800
PV444
GLE, Turbo, Bertone Coupe

1960-73,9999
1947-65,9999
1983-92,9999

GLE, GT, Turbo, GL, SE
GLE, Turbo, SE

1983-92,9999
1991-95,9999
1992-97,9999
1993-97,9999

02,06,09
04,06,09
02,04,06,08,09,
12
04,06,09
04,06,09,12
04,06,09,12
04,06,09

GLT, Turbo, T-5, GTAS,
GTMS Cross Country
C70 (LT, HT,T5), S70 (GLT,
T5, AWD) V70 (R, SC
Cross Country, GLT,
T5, M, 2.4T, 2.4, 2.5T, T6,
R, 3.2) LPT, HPT. XC70
S90, V90
S80 (2.9, T6, Executive,
Premier) 2.5, 2.5T, 3.2, V8
S40,V40,LSE, 2.5i, T5, 2.4i,
R-Design
S60 (2.4T, 2.4, 2.5 AWD,
T5), 2.4M, 2.5T, R, T5, T6,
R-Design, Drive-E
2.4i, T5, R-Design
1.0, 2.0, T5, R-Design
3.2, T5, T6, R-Design,
Drive-E
T5, T6, R-Design, Drive-E

399 Unknown (automobile)
LIGHT TRUCKS
401 XC90
402 XC70 (For 2014 on. For
prior to 2013, use model
code 043)
499 Unknown (light truck)
MEDIUM/HEAVY TRUCKS
881 Medium/Heavy – CBE

2015

(VOLV)

2.5T(AWD), T6(AWD), V8,
3.2, R-Design, SVR7, First
Edition, T5
3.2, T6, Drive-E

1998-2013,
9999

01,02,04,06,09

1998
1999-2015,
9999
2000-11,9999

04,06,09
04
04,06,09

2001-15,9999

2005-11,9999

2008-13,9999
2008-15,9999

03
06

2014-15,9999
1958-2015,
9999
1958-2015,
9999

06
01-12

2003-15,9999

2014-15,9999

2003-15,9999

1981-93;
1996-2015,
9999

60-64,66,78

01-12

313

MAKE:

Volvo (Cont.)

Model
Codes
MEDIUM/HEAVY TRUCKS (Cont.)
882 Medium/Heavy – COE
low entry

(51)
Includes

883 Medium/Heavy – COE
high entry
884 Medium/Heavy – Unknown
engine location
890 Medium/Heavy – COE
entry position unknown
898 Other (medium/heavy
truck)
BUSES
981 Bus**: Conventional
(Engine out front)
983 Bus: Rear engine,
Flat front
988 Other (bus)

(VOLV)
Model Years

Body Types

1981-93;
1996-2004,
9999
1981-93;
1996-2004,
9999
1981-93;
1996-2015,
9999
1981-93;
1996-2015,
9999
1981-93;
1996-2015,
9999

60-64,66,78

1981-2005,
9999
2014-15,9999

50-52,58,59

1965-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
989 Unknown (bus)
9999
** Use “981” (bus) if the frontal plane or the engine location is unknown.
998 Other (Vehicle)

1958-2015,
9999
1958-2015,
9999

999 Unknown (VOLVO)
MAKE:

Yugo

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES
031 GV/GVL/GVX
MAKE:

60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78

50-52,58,59
50-52,58,59
50-52,58,59

92, 93, 97
49,79,99
(YUGO)

Includes

Model Years

Body Types

All models, Cabriolet

1986-92,9999

01-03,09

Includes

Model Years

Body Types

Lark, Gran Turismo, Hawk,
Cruiser, all associated
subseries, light pick-up,
Studebaker XUV/XUT,
Lister

1940-91;
2001-07,9999

01,02,04,06,
08,09,16,31,39

Other Domestic Manufacturers

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES
001 Studabaker/Avanti

314

(57)

60-64,66,78

(29)

2015

MAKE:

Other Domestic Manufacturers (Cont.) (29)

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES (Cont.)
002 Checker
003 Panoz

004 Saleen

005 Tesla
398 Other (automobile)

Includes

Model Years

Body Types

Marathon, Superba, Taxi,
Aerobus
Esperante (Magnussen
Edition), GT, GTS, GTLM,
JRD, Abruzzi, Roadster,
GTR1, 25th Anniversary
S7, S281, 435S, S302
(White Label, Yellow
Label, Black Label), 570,
620, FOURSIXTEEN
Roadster (Base, Sport)
Model S (Base, Signature,
Performance), Model X
Desoto, Excaliber, Stutz,
FiberFab, Hudson, Packard,
Consulier, Gatsby, Auburn,
Phaeton, Citicar, Clenet

1965-82,9999

04,06,09,12

2000-15,9999

01,02,09

2001-15,9999

01, 02, 04, 09

2008-15,9999

01, 04, 05, 09,
14

1930-91,9999

01-13

1940-2015,
9999

01-14,16,39

Includes

Model Years

Body Types

Lagonda, Vantage, Volante,
Saloon, DB Mark III, DB4,
DB4GT, DB5, DB6, DB7
(Heritage/Vantage/Volante),
V12 (Vanquish S/Zagato/
Vantage, Vantage S),
V8(Vantage/ Vantage S),
DB9 (Carbon Edition),
Rapide (S), Cygnet, Carbon
Black, One-77, Virage
(Coupe/ Volante), DBS
(Coupe/ Volante), CC100,
Vantage GT, Rapid S

1950-2015,
9999

01-09

1965-91,9999
1965-91,9999
1981-83,9999

02
02-09
02

399 Unknown Make
MAKE:

Other Import

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES
031 Aston Martin

032 Bricklin
033 Citroen
034 DeLorean

2015

(69)

315

MAKE:

Other Import (Cont.)

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES (Cont.)
035 Ferrari

036 Hillman
037 Jensen
038 Lamborghini

039 Lotus

040 Maserati

041 Morris

316

(69)
Includes

Model Years

Body Types

F355 (Berlinetta, GTS,
Spider, F1), F430, F456
(GTA, M, GT, MGTA), F550
(Maranello, Barchetta
Pininfarina), 360/430
(Spider, Modena,
Challenge) Maranello,
Berlinetta, MGT (Vintage),
Enzo, Challenge Stradale,
575M, 612 Scaglietti,
Superamerica, 599
GTB/GTO, California, 418
Italia, FF, SA Aperta, 458
(Spider/Italia/Challenge/
Special), F12 Berlinetta,
FF, LaFerrari

1965-2015,
9999

01-05,07-09

1965-91,9999
1965-91,9999
1965-2015,
9999

01-09
01-05,07-09
01,02,04,08,09

1967-2015,
9999

01,02,03, 04,
08,09

1965-99;
2002-15,9999

01-05,07-09,14

1965-91,9999

01-10

Healy-Interceptor, 541R
Countach, 5000S, Jalpa,
Diablo, Miura, Murciélago
(LP640), Galladoro, LP 5502/560-4/570-4/670-4/700-4,
CP, Aventador (J), Sesto
Elemento, Spyder,
Superlegga, Aventador,
Gallardo, Veneo, Huracan
Europe, Espirit (V8, GT-3,
V8-GT) Elise, Exige, Evora
(Range/GTE) , California,
Club Racer, Sport, 2Eleven, Black, Bespoke
Biturbo, Ghibli, 3200 GT,
Quattroporte, Spyder GT,
Sports GT, Executive GT,
90th Anniversary, MC12,
GranSport, GranTurismo,
GranCabrio, Stradale,
Kubang, Sport, MC, S,
GTS, S Q4, MC Centenial
Edition, Levante
Minor

2015

MAKE:

Other Import (Cont.)

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES (Cont.)
042 Rolls Royce/Bentley

044
045
046
048
049
052
053
054

Simca
Sunbeam
TVR
Desta
Reliant
Bertone
Lada
Mini-Cooper

055 Morgan (2003 on; Prior
to 2003 see 398)

056 Maybach

057 Spyker

058 Koenigsegg

061 Mahindra
062 Caterham

2015

(69)
Includes

Model Years

Body Types

Rolls Royce: Cloud/Shadow
series, Silver Spur, Silver
Dawn, Silver Spirit, Silver
Seraph, Corniche, Park
Ward), Phantom
(Drophead), Ghost; Bently:
(Arnaze, Azure, Continental
(GT), Mulliner), Brooklands,
Goodwood, EWB, 4,
Mulsanne, Flying Spur,
Super Sports, Wrath

1926-2015,
9999

01,02,04,08,09

1965-91,9999
1965-91,9999
1965-91,9999
1985-99,9999
1960-91,9999
1989-91,9999
1965-91,9999
1961-74;
2002-15,9999

01-09
01,02,04,08,09
01,02,09
14,15,19
01-09
01,02,09
01-09
01,03,06,09

2003-15,9999

01,02, 09

2003-14,9999

2005-15,9999

01,02,09,17

2007-15,9999

2010-15,9999
2011-15,9999

14,30, 39
01

X/19
Mark I,II,III, S, SE, Sport,
MC40, Traveller, John
Cooper Works, Clubman,
Countryman, Paceman,
Coupe, All 4
Aero 8, Plus 8, V6, Classic
Range, AeroMax, 4/4 Sport,
Super Sports Junior, Plus 4,
4 Seater, Aero, Eva GT, 3
Seater, 4/4, Plus 8, SP1
57, 57S, 62, 62S,
Laudualet, Zeppelin, Guard
C8, Base, T, Laviolette,
Aileron, Spyder, Double
12R, Double 12S, C12
Zagato, L2014
M85, D, B6 Venator
CC8S, CCR, CCX, CCXR,
CCGT, Trevita, Agera,
CC8S, Agera R/S, Special
Edition
Scorpio (Lx, Sle, Vls, Vlx)
Classic, Roadsport,
Academy, Superlight
(R300/R400/R500), CSR,
Seven (280/360/480/620R),
SP 300R, Aeroseven

317

MAKE:

Other Import (Cont.)

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES (Cont.)
063 McLaren
064 Bugatti
398 Other (automotive)
399 Unknown Make

318

(69)
Includes

Model Years

Body Types

MP4-12C, P15
Veyron 164 (Grand Sport,
Super Sport), Vitesse
Morgan (Prior to 2003; 2003
on see 055), Singer,
Gazelle, Fisker

2011-15,9999
2005-15,9999

01
01,02, 09

1928-2015,
9999

01-13, 17

1928-2015,
9999

01-10,19, 39

2015

MOTORED CYCLES
Note: Refer to Passenger Car section of this table for motored cycles produced by automobile
manufacturers (BMW, Honda, Peugeot, Suzuki, Triumph)
MAKE:
Model

BSA
Codes

(70)
Includes

MOTORCYCLES
701
0-50cc
702
51-124cc
703
125-349cc
704
350-449cc
705
450-749cc
706
750cc or greater
709
Unknown cc
MAKE:
Model

Ducati
Codes

Includes

706 750cc or greater
709 Unknown cc

Model

Harley-Davidson
Codes

MOTORCYCLES
701 0-50cc
702 51-124cc
703 125-349cc
704 350-449cc
705 450-749cc
706 750cc or greater
709 Unknown cc

2015

Model Years

Body Types

1950-72,9999
1950-72,9999
1950-72,9999
1950-72,9999
1950-72,9999
1950-72,9999
1950-72,9999

80,81,83,88,89
80,81,83,88,89
80,83,88,89
80,83,88,89
80,83,88,89
80,83,88,89
80,83,88,89

(71)

MOTORCYCLES
701 0-50cc
702 51-124cc
703 125-349cc
704 350-449cc
705 450-749cc

MAKE:

(BSA )

(DUCA)
Model Years

Body Types

1958-65,9999
1958-65,9999
1958-65,9999
1958-65,9999
1958-93;
1997-2007,
2011-2015;
9999
1958-2015,
9999
1958-2015,
9999

80,81,88,89
80,81,88,89
80,88,89
80,88,89
80,88,89

(72)
Includes

80,88,89
80-83,88,89
(HD)

Model Years

Body Types

1965-66,9999
1948-78,9999
1948-88,9999
1969-74,9999
1971-78,9999
1932-2015;
9999
1932-2015,
9999

80,81,88,89
80,81,88,89
80,88,89
80,88,89
80,88,89
80,82,88,89
80,82,88,89

319

MAKE:
Model

Kawasaki
Codes

(73)
Includes

MOTORCYCLES
701 0-50cc
702 51-124cc
703 125-349cc
704 350-449cc
705 450-749cc
706 750cc or greater
709 Unknown cc
ALL TERRAIN VEHICLES
731 0-50cc
732 51-124cc

(KAWK)
Model Years

Body Types

1965-82,9999
1965-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999
1975-98;
2003-04;
2006-15,9999
1972-2015,
9999
1972-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999

80,81,83,88,89
80,81,83,88,89
80,83,88,89
80,83,88,89
80,83,88,89
80,83,88,89
80-83,88,89

2003-15,9999 90
1970-88;
90
2003-15,9999
733 125-349cc
1970-2015,
90
9999
734 350cc or greater
1970-2015,
90
9999
739 Unknown cc
1970-2015,
90
9999
1965-2015,
91, 97*
998 Other (Vehicle)
9999
* Refer to Body Type attribute 97 (Other Vehicle Type) for remarks regarding side-by-side ATVs
MAKE:
Model

Moto-Guzzi
Codes

MOTORCYCLES
704 350-449cc
705 450-749cc
706 750cc or greater
709 Unknown cc

320

includes all ATVs
designed solely for
off-road use and have 3
or 4 wheels.

(74)
Includes

(MOGU)
Model Years

Body Types

1965-76,9999
1965-87;
2004-15,9999
1965-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999

80,88,89
80,88,89
80,88,89
80,88,89

2015

MAKE:
Model

Norton
Codes

(75)
Includes

MOTORCYCLES
704 350-449cc
705 450-749cc
706 750cc or greater
709 Unknown cc
MAKE:
Model

Victory
Codes

(NORT)
Model Years

Body Types

1950-76,9999
1950-76,9999
1950-76,9999
1950-76,9999

80,83,88,89
80,83,88,89
80,83,88,89
80,83,88,89

(77)
Includes

(VCTY)
Model Years

Body Types

MOTORCYCLES
706 750cc or greater

1998-2015,
80,88,89
9999
709 Unknown cc
1998-2015,
80,88,89
9999
998 Other (Vehicle)
1998-2015,
97*
9999
* Refer to Body Type attribute 97 (Other Vehicle Type) for remarks regarding side-by-side
ATVs
MAKE:
Model

Yamaha
Codes

(76)
Includes

MOTORCYCLES
701 0-50cc
702 51-124cc
703 125-349cc
704 350-449cc
705 450-749cc
706 750cc or greater
709 Unknown cc
ALL TERRAIN VEHICLES
731 0-50cc
732 51-124cc

2015

includes all ATVs
designed solely for
off-road use and have 3
or 4 wheels.

(YAMA)
Model Years

Body Types

1979-2015,
9999
1972-2015,
9999
1969-2015,
9999
1972-2015,
9999
1971-2015,
9999
1974-2015,
9999
1969-2015,
9999

80,81,83,88,89
80,81,83,88,89
80,83,88,89
80,83,88,89
80,83,88,89
80,83,88,89
80-83,88,89

1965-91,
2005-15,9999

1965-2015,
9999

321

MAKE:
Model

Yamaha (Cont.)
Codes

(76)
Includes

ALL TERRAIN VEHICLE (Cont.)
733 125-349cc
734 350cc or greater
739 Unknown cc
998 Other (Vehicle)

(YAMA)
Model Years

Body Types

1965-2015,
9999
1993-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999

90
90. 97*
90

1965-2015,
91, 95, 97*
9999
* Refer to Body Type attribute 97 (Other Vehicle Type) for remarks regarding side-by-side
ATVs

322

Snowmobiles, Golf Car

2015

TRUCKS
MAKE:
Model

Brockway
Codes

(80)
Includes

MEDIUM/HEAVY TRUCKS
881 Medium/Heavy – CBE

(BROC)
Model Years

Body Types

1965-77,9999

60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78

882 Medium/Heavy - COE
low entry
883 Medium/Heavy - COE
high entry
884 Medium/Heavy –
Unknown engine location
890 Medium/Heavy – COE
entry position unknown

1965-77,9999

898 Other (medium/heavy
truck)

1965-77,9999

60-64,66,
71,72,78

1965-77,9999

50-52,58,59

1965-77,9999

50-52,58,59

1965-77,9999

50-52,58,59

1965-77,9999
1965-77,9999

50-52,58,59
50-52,58,59

1965-77,9999
1965-77,9999
1965-77,9999

BUSES
981 Bus**: Conventional
(Engine out front)
982 Bus: Front engine, Flat
front
983 Bus: Rear engine, Flat
front
988 Other (bus)
989 Unknown (bus)

** Use code “989”(bus) if the frontal plane or the engine location is unknown.
MOTOR HOME
850 Motor Home
OTHER VEHICLE
998 Other (vehicle)
999 Unknown (BROCKWAY)

2015

Truck based

1965-77,9999

65,73

1965-77,9999

92,93,97

1965-77,9999

323

MAKE:
Model

Diamond Reo or Reo
Codes

MEDIUM/HEAVY TRUCKS
881 Medium/Heavy – CBE
882 Medium/Heavy – COE
low entry
883 Medium/Heavy – COE
high entry
884 Medium/Heavy –
Unknown engine location
890 Medium/Heavy – COE
entry position unknown
898 Other (medium/heavy
truck)

(81)

(DIAR)

Includes

Model Years

Body Types

DC101,C116

1954-75,9999

60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78

1954-75,9999
C054-C088

1954-75,9999
1954-75,9999
1954-75,9999
1954-75,9999

BUSES
981 Bus**: Conventional
(Engine out front)
982 Bus: Front engine, Flat
front
983 Bus: Rear engine, Flat
front
988 Other (bus)
989 Unknown (bus)

1954-75,9999

50-52,58,59

1954-75,9999

50-52,58,59

1954-75,9999

50-52,58,59

1954-75,9999
1954-75,9999

50-52,58,59
50-52,58,59

** Use code “989”(bus) if the frontal plane or the engine location is unknown.
MOTOR HOME
850 Motor Home

Truck based

OTHER VEHICLE
998 Other (vehicle)
999 Unknown (DIAMOND REO or REO)

324

1954-75,9999

65,73

1954-75,9999

92,93,97

1954-75,9999

2015

MAKE:
Model

Freightliner
Codes

LIGHT TRUCKS
461 Sprinter/Advantage
462 MT 35 Chassis

(82)
Includes

Model Years

Body Types

2500 (HC/SHC), 3500
(HC/SHC)

2002-15,9999

21,22,28,29

1985-2013,
9999
1985-2015,
9999
1985-2015,
9999

22, 40, 42

2002-15,9999

55, 61-64

1965-2015,
9999
1968-2013,
9999
1965-2013,
9999
1963-2013,
9999
1965-2013,
9999
1965-2015,
9999

60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78

1965-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999

50-52,58,59

498 Other (light truck)
499 Unknown (light truck)
MEDIUM/HEAVY TRUCKS
870 Medium Heavy VanBased Vehicle
881 Medium/Heavy – CBE

Sprinter

882 Medium/Heavy – COE
low entry
883 Medium/Heavy – COE
high entry
884 Medium/Heavy –
Unknown engine location
890 Medium/Heavy – COE
entry position unknown
898 Other (medium/heavy
truck)
BUSES
981 Bus**: Conventional
(Engine out front)
982 Bus: Front engine, Flat
front
983 Bus: Rear engine, Flat
front
988 Other (bus)
989 Unknown (bus)
MOTOR HOME
850 Motor Home
OTHER VEHICLE
998 Other (vehicle)

(FRHT)

Truck based

1965-2015,
9999

20-22,28,29
20-22,28,29

50-52,58,59
50-52,58,59
50-52,58,59
50-52,58,59

65,73

1963-2015,
92,93,97
9999
999 Unknown (FREIGHTLINER)
1963-2015,
99
9999
** Use code “989”(bus) if the frontal plane or the engine location is unknown.

2015

325

MAKE:
Model

FWD
Codes

(83)
Includes

(FWD )
Model Years

Body Types

882 Medium/Heavy – COE
low entry
883 Medium/Heavy – COE
high entry
884 Medium/Heavy –
Unknown engine location
890 Medium/Heavy – COE
entry position unknown

1965-2001,
9999
1965-2001,
9999
1965-2001,
9999
1965-2001,
9999
1965-2001,
9999

60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78

898 Other (medium/heavy
truck)

1965-2001,
9999

60-64,66,
71,72,78

1965-2001,
9999
1965-2001,
9999
1965-2001,
9999

50-52,58,59

1965-2001,
9999
1965-2001,
9999

50-52,58,59

MEDIUM/HEAVY TRUCKS
881 Medium/Heavy – CBE

BUSES
981 Bus**: Conventional
(Engine out front)
982 Bus: Front engine, Flat
front
983 Bus: Rear engine, Flat
front
988 Other (bus)
989 Unknown (bus)

50-52,58,59
50-52,58,59

50-52,58,59

** Use code “989”(bus) if the frontal plane or the engine location is unknown.
MOTOR HOME
850 Motor Home
OTHER VEHICLE
998 Other (vehicle)
999 Unknown (FWD)

326

Truck based

1965-2001,
9999

65,73

1965-2001,
9999

92,93,97

1965-2001,
9999

2015

MAKE:
Model

International Harvester/Navistar
Codes

LIGHT TRUCKS
421 Scout
431 Travelall
466 Multistop Van
481 Pickup
498 Other (light truck)
499 Unknown (light truck)
MEDIUM/HEAVY TRUCK
881 Medium/Heavy – CBE

(84)

(INTL) - (NAVI)

Includes

Model Years

Scout II, Utility pickup, SS-2,
Roadster, 800 series,
Traveler, Terra Traveltop,
1010-1210, 100-200
Metro RM, MS1510,
120-160, MS1210
R-100-500, 900A-1500C/D,
1010-1510

1962-80,9999 15

Loadstar/Fleetstar, Paystar,
CBE Transtar, 4200, Sseries Mixer, 8100, 8500,
9100, 9200, 9300, 9400,
9900, CXT, RXT, MXT
CO, VCO, DCO, 190-1950,
Cargostar, LFM, 5370
(Garbage), CF500/600
DCO, DCOT, UCO, VCOT,
405-series, COE Transtar,
Unistar, Conco 707B, 9600

Fire truck - R140-R306, CO
8190

1963-75,9999 16
1960-84,9999 22,28,29
1951-76,9999 31,33
1960-84,9999 15,16,22,28,29
1951-84,9999 15,16,19,22,
28,29
1963-2015,
9999

60-64,66,
71,72,78

1973-2015,
9999

60-64,66,
71,72,78

1961-2015,
9999

60-64,66,
71,72,78

1948-2015,
9999
1964-2015,
9999
1955-2015,
9999

60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78

1953-2015,
9999
1972-2015,
9999
183RE, 193RE-transit
1965-2015,
9999
1953-2015,
9999
989 Unknown (bus)
1953-2015,
9999
** Use code “989”(bus) if the frontal plane or the engine location is unknown.
MOTOR HOME
850 Motor Home

2015

R153-1853 Loadstar,
1603-1853
173FC, 183FC

Truck based

Body Types

1965-2015,
9999

50-52,58,59
50-52,58,59
50-52,58,59
50-52,58,59
50-52,58,59

65,73

327

MAKE:

International Harvester/Navistar (Cont.) (84)

Model
Codes
OTHER VEHICLE
998 Other (vehicle)

Includes

999 Unknown (INTL. HARVESTER/ NAVISTAR)
MAKE:
Model

Kenworth
Codes

(INTL) – (NAVI)
Model Years

Body Types

1954-2015,
9999
1951-2015,
9999

92,93,97

(85)

(KW)

Includes

Model Years

Body Types

520, 540, T400, T600,T800,
C500-550, W900, T300
L700

1947-2015,
9999
1972-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999
1954-2015,
9999
1964-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999

60-64,66,
71,72, 78
60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78

K100, K100E, K270, K300,
K350

BUSES
981 Bus**: Conventional
(Engine out front)
982 Bus: Front engine, Flat
front
983 Bus: Rear engine, Flat
front
988 Other (bus)

1965-2004,
9999
1965-2004,
9999
1965-2004,
9999
1965-2004,
9999
1965-2004,
989 Unknown (bus)
9999
** Use code “989”(bus) if the frontal plane or the engine location is unknown.
MOTOR HOME
850 Motor Home
OTHER VEHICLE
998 Other (vehicle)
999 Unknown (KENWORTH)

328

79,99

Truck based

50-52,58,59
50-52,58,59
50-52,58,59
50-52,58,59
50-52,58,59

1965-2015,
9999

65,73

1965-2015,
9999

92,93,97

1965-2015,
9999

2015

MAKE:
Model

Mack
Codes

(86)
Includes

(MACK)
Model Years

Body Types

882 Medium/Heavy – COE
low entry
883 Medium/Heavy – COE
high entry
884 Medium/Heavy –
Unknown engine location
890 Medium/Heavy – COE
entry position unknown

1968-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999
1977-2015,
9999
1956-2015,
9999
1972-2015,
9999

60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78

898 Other (medium/heavy
truck)

1971-2015,
9999

60-64,66,
71,72,78

1965-2004,
9999
1976-2004,
9999
1965-2004,
9999
1965-2004,
9999
1965-2004,
9999

50-52,58,59

MEDIUM/HEAVY TRUCKS
881 Medium/Heavy – CBE

BUSES
981 Bus**: Conventional
(Engine out front)
982 Bus: Front engine, Flat
front
983 Bus: Rear engine, Flat
front
988 Other (bus)
989 Unknown (bus)

50-52,58,59
50-52,58,59
50-52,58,59
50-52,58,59

** Use code “989”(bus) if the frontal plane or the engine location is unknown.
MOTOR HOME
850 Motor Home
OTHER VEHICLE
998 Other (vehicle)
999 Unknown (MACK)

2015

Truck based

1965-2015,
9999

65,73

1965-2015,
9999

92,93,97

1965-2015,
9999

329

MAKE:
Model

Iveco/Magirus*
Codes

(88)

(IVEC)

Includes

Model Years

Body Types

LCF

1980-91,9999

FL, FS

1980-91,9999

60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78

1980-91,9999
1980-91,9999
1980-91,9999

898 Other
(medium/heavy truck)
BUSES
981 Bus**: Conventional
(Engine out front)
982 Bus: Front engine, Flat
front
983 Bus: Rear engine, Flat
front
988 Other (bus)
989 Unknown (bus)

1980-91,9999

60-64,66,
71,72,78

1980-91,9999

50-52,58,59

1980-91,9999

50-52,58,59

1980-91,9999

50-52,58,59

1980-91,9999
1980-91,9999

50-52,58,59
50-52,58,59

** Use code “989”(bus) if the frontal plane or the engine location is unknown..
MOTOR HOME
850 Motor Home

Truck based

OTHER VEHICLE
998 Other (vehicle)
999 Unknown (IVECO/MAGIRUS)

1980-91,9999

65,73

1980-91,9999

92,93,97

1980-91,9999

* Magirus stopped production in 1985; Iveco stopped production in 1991.

330

2015

MAKE:
Model

Peterbilt
Codes

(87)

(PTRB)

Includes

Model Years

Body Types

357-379, 387, 385

1974-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999
1961-2015,
9999
1964-2015,
9999

60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78

1965-2015,
9999

60-64,66,
71,72,78

1965-2004,
9999
1965-2004,
9999
1965-2004,
9999
1965-2004,
9999
1965-2004,
9999

50-52,58,59

270
362, 320

898 Other (medium/heavy
truck)
BUSES
981 Bus**: Conventional
(Engine out front)
982 Bus: Front engine, Flat
front
983 Bus: Rear engine, Flat
front
988 Other (bus)
989 Unknown (bus)

50-52,58,59
50-52,58,59
50-52,58,59
50-52,58,59

** Use code “989”(bus) if the frontal plane or the engine location is unknown.
MOTOR HOME
850 Motor Home
OTHER VEHICLE
998 Other (vehicle)
999 Unknown (PETERBILT)

2015

Truck based

1965-2015,
9999

65,73

1965-2015,
9999

92,93,97

1965-2015,
9999

331

MAKE:
Model

White/Autocar-White/GMC
Codes

(89)

Includes

(WHIT) – (WHGM)
Model Years

Body Types

882 Medium/Heavy – COE
low entry
883 Medium/Heavy – COE
high entry
884 Medium/Heavy –
Unknown engine location
890 Medium/Heavy – COE
entry position unknown

1965-2015,
9999
1968-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999
1963-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999

60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78

898 Other (medium/heavy
truck)

1965-2015,
9999

60-64,66,
71,72,78

MEDIUM/HEAVY TRUCKS
881 Medium/Heavy – CBE

BUSES
981 Bus**: Conventional
(Engine out front)
982 Bus: Front engine, Flat
front
983 Bus: Rear engine, Flat
front
988 Other (bus)

1965-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999
989 Unknown (bus)
1965-2015,
9999
** Use code “989”(bus) if the frontal plane or the engine location is unknown.
MOTOR HOME
850 Motor Home

Truck based

OTHER VEHICLE
998 Other (vehicle)
999 Unknown (WHITE/AUTOCAR-WHITE/GMC)

332

50-52,58,59
50-52,58,59
50-52,58,59
50-52,58,59
50-52,58,59

1965-2015,
9999

65,73

1963-2015,
9999

92, 93,97

1963-2015,
9999

2015

BUSES
NOTE: Refer to the PASSENGER CAR section for buses manufactured by Chevy, Dodge, Ford, GMC,
Grumman, Isuzu, Mercedes, Mitsubishi and Volvo. Refer to the TRUCK section for buses
manufactured by Brockway, Diamond Reo, Freightliner, FWD, International Harvester, Kenworth, Mack,
Peterbilt, and White/Autocar-White/GMC. Refer to the OTHER MAKE section for buses manufactured
by Neoplan, Carpenter Industries, DINA, Mid Bus, Orion, and Van Hool. Hino and Scania buses are
located under OTHER MAKE (Medium/Heavy Trucks) since those manufacturers also make trucks.
MAKE:

Bluebird

Model
Codes
LIGHT TRUCKS
461 Van Based

(BLUI)

Includes

Model Years

Body Types

van-based school bus,
shuttle bus

1927-2015,
9999

1927-2015,
9999
1927-2015,
9999
1927-2015,
9999
1927-2015,
9999
1927-2015,
9999

50-52, 58, 59

BUSES
981 Bus**: Conventional
(Engine out front)
982 Bus: Front engine, Flat
front
983 Bus: Rear engine, Flat
front
988 Other (bus)
989 Unknown (bus)
999 Unknown (BLUEBIRD)

1927-2015,
9999

50-52, 58, 59
50-52, 58, 59
50-52, 58, 59
50-52, 58, 59
99

** Use code “989”(bus) if the frontal plane or the engine location is unknown.
MAKE:

Eagle Coach

Model
Codes
BUSES
981 Bus**: Conventional
(Engine out front)
982 Bus: Front engine, Flat
front
983 Bus: Rear engine, Flat
front
988 Other (bus)
989 Unknown (bus)

91
Includes

Model Years

Body Types

1948-2001,
9999
1948-2001,
9999
1948-2001,
9999

50-52, 58, 59

1948-2001,
9999
1948-2001,
9999

50-52, 58, 59

50-52, 58, 59
50-52, 58, 59

50-52, 58, 59

** Use code “989”(bus) if the frontal plane or the engine location is unknown.

2015

333

MAKE:

Gillig

Model
Codes
BUSES
981 Bus**: Conventional
(Engine out front)
982 Bus: Front engine, Flat
front
983 Bus: Rear engine, Flat
front
988 Other (bus)

92
Includes

Model Years

1932-2015,
9999
1932-2015,
9999
1932-2015,
9999
1932-2015,
9999
989 Unknown (bus)
1932-2015,
9999
** Use code “989”(bus) if the frontal plane or the engine location is unknown.
MAKE:

MCI

Model
Codes
BUSES
981 Bus**: Conventional
(Engine out front)
982 Bus: Front engine, Flat
front
983 Bus: Rear engine, Flat
front
988 Other (bus)

BUSES
981 Bus**: Conventional
(Engine out front)
982 Bus: Front engine, Flat
front
983 Bus: Rear engine, Flat
front
988 Other (bus)

50-52, 58, 59
50-52, 58, 59
50-52, 58, 59
50-52, 58, 59

Includes

(MCIN)
Model Years

Body Types
50-52, 58, 59
50-52, 58, 59
50-52, 58, 59
50-52, 58, 59
50-52, 58, 59
(THMS)

Includes

Model Years

Body Types

van-based school bus,
shuttle bus

1936-2015,
9999

1936-2015,
9999
1936-2015,
9999
1936-2015,
9999
1936-2015,
9999
989 Unknown (bus)
1936-2015,
9999
999 Unknown (THOMAS BUILT)
1936-2015,
9999
** Use code “989”(bus) if the frontal plane or the engine location is unknown.

334

50-52, 58, 59

1963-2015,
9999
1963-2015,
9999
1963-2015,
9999
1963-2015,
9999
1963-2015,
989 Unknown (bus)
9999
** Use code “989”(bus) if the frontal plane or the engine location is unknown.
MAKE:
Thomas Built
94
Model
Codes
LIGHT TRUCKS
461 Van Based

Body Types

50-52, 58, 59
50-52, 58, 59
50-52, 58, 59
50-52, 58, 59
50-52, 58, 59
99

2015

OTHER MAKE
MAKE:

Other Make *

(98)

Model
Codes
Includes
AUTOMOBILES (Unknown if DOMESTIC or FOREIGN)**
301 Think
City
302 Meyers Motor
NmG
398 Other (automobile)
Solectra (electric: Force)

Model Years

Body Types

2009-15,9999
2008-15,9999
1945-2015,
9999

03
02
01-13

** Do not use Other Make (98) if Other Domestic (29) or Other Import (69) is applicable.
LIGHT TRUCKS
498 Other (light truck)
Solectra (electric: Citivan
1960-2015,
14-16,19-22,
Flash)
9999
28-33,39-42,
45, 48
LSV/NEV
598 Other (LSV/NEV)
MOTORCYCLES
701 0-50cc
702 51-124cc
703 125-349cc
704 350-449cc
705 450-749cc

Tomberlin, Ford, Fly Bo

2000-15,9999

(Includes: ATK, Beta, Buell,
Cagiva, Cobra Trike, Jawa,
Husqvarna, KTM, Aprilia,
Maely, Riva, Strociek, BMC,
MV Agusta, Bimota, Husaberg,
Indian Scout, Indian, Laverda,
Big Dog, Titan, Twin Eagle,
Viza, Viper)

1965-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999
1945-2015,
9999

80,81,88,89

706 750cc or greater
709 Unknown cc
ALL TERRAIN VEHICLES
731 0-50cc
732 51-124cc
733 125-349cc
734 350cc or greater
739 Unknown cc

2015

includes all ATVs
designed solely for
off-road use and have 3
or 4 wheels. Includes: Polaris

1965-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999

80-83,88,89
80-83,88,89
80-83,88,89
80-83,88,89
80-83,88,89
80-83,88,89

90
90
90
90
90

335

MAKE:

Other Make * (Cont.) (98)

Model
Codes
MEDIUM/HEAVY TRUCKS
802 Auto-Union-DKW

Includes

Body Types

1965-88 9999

60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78
50,52-59,60-64,
66,71,72,78
50-52,58,59,6064, 66,71,72,78
50-52,58,59,6064, 66,71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78
60-64,66,
71,72,78

803 Divco

1963-88,9999

804 Western Star

1965-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999
1985-2015,
9999
1986-2004,
9999
1986-2015,
9999
1998-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999

805 Oshkosh

(includes trucks & buses)

806 Hino

(includes trucks & buses)

807 Scania

(includes trucks & buses)

808 UD
809 Sterling
881 Medium/Heavy – CBE

DINA

882 Medium/Heavy – COE
low entry
883 Medium/Heavy – COE
high entry
884 Medium/Heavy –
Unknown engine
location
870 Medium/Heavy Van-

DINA

Based Vehicle

890 Medium/Heavy – COE
entry position
unknown
898 Other (medium/heavy
truck)**
BUSES
902 Neoplan
903 Carpenter
904 Collins Bus
905 DINA
906 Mid Bus

336

Model Years

e.g., Marmon, Ward LaFrance

1965-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999

55, 61-64

1945-2015,
9999

60-64,66,
71,72,78

1950-2015,
9999
1923-2000,
9999
1967-2015,
9999
1989-2004,
9999
1963-2008,
9999

50-52,58,59

60-64,66,
71,72,78

21,50-52,58,59
21
50-52,58,59
21

2015

MAKE:

Other Make * (Cont.) (98)

Model
Codes
BUS (Cont.)
907 Orion

Includes

908 Van Hool
981 Bus***: Conventional
(Engine out front)
982 Bus: Front engine,
Flat front
983 Bus: Rear engine, Flat
front
988 Other (bus)
MOTOR HOME
850 Motor Home
OTHER VEHICLE
998 Other (vehicle)

**** (see following page)

Model Years

Body Types

1978-2013,
9999
1947-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999
1976-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999
1945-2015,
9999

50-52,58,59
50-52,58,59
50-52,58,59
50-52,58,59
50-52,58,59
50-52,58,59

Truck-based

1965-2015,
9999

65,73

(e.g., farm vehicle,
snowmobile, go-cart, golf
carts)

1940-2015,
9999

91-93,95, 97

1940-2015,
9999

49,79,99

999 Unknown (OTHER MAKE)
*

Occurs when make is not explicitly listed here.

Do not use Other Make (98) if Other Domestic (29) or Other Import (69) is applicable.

***

Use code “989” (bus) if the frontal plane or the engine location is unknown.

**** Prior to 1999, MCI buses were coded Other Make/Other Bus. Starting in 1999, MCI has its
own Make Code 93.

2015

337

THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

338

2015

UNKNOWN MAKE
MAKE:

Unknown Make

Model
Codes
AUTOMOBILES
399 Unknown (automobile)

(99)
Includes

LIGHT TRUCKS
499 Unknown (light truck)
LSV/NEV
599 Unknown (LSV/NEV)
MOTORCYCLES
701 0-50cc
702 51-124cc
703 125-349cc
704 350-449cc
705 450-749cc
706 750cc or greater
709 Unknown cc
ALL TERRAIN VEHICLES
731 0-50cc
732 51-124cc
733 125-349cc
734 350cc or greater
739 Unknown cc
MEDIUM/HEAVY TRUCKS
870 Medium Heavy VanBased Vehicle
881 Medium/Heavy – CBE
882 Medium/Heavy – COE
low entry
883 Medium/Heavy – COE
high entry

2015

includes all ATVs
designed solely for
off-road use and have 3
or 4 wheels.

Model Years

Body Types

1945-2015,
9999

01-13

1945-2015,
9999

14-16,19-22,
28-33,35,39-42, 45,
48

2000-15,9999

1965-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999
1945-2015,
9999

80-83, 88, 89
80-83, 88, 89
80-83, 88, 89
80-83, 88, 89
80-83, 88, 89
80-83, 88, 89
80-83, 88, 89

1965-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999

1965-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999

55, 61-64

90
90
90
90

60-64, 66,
71, 72, 78
60-64, 66,
71, 72, 78
60-64, 66,
71, 72, 78

339

MAKE:

Unknown Make (Cont.)

Model
Codes
MEDIUM/HEAVY TRUCKS (Cont.)
884 Medium/Heavy – Unknown
engine location
890 Medium/Heavy – COE entry
position unknown
898 Other (medium/heavy truck)

(99)
Includes

Model Years

Body Types

1965-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999

60-64, 66,
71, 72, 78
60-64, 66,
71, 72, 78
60-64, 66,
71, 72, 78

1965-2015,
9999

50-52, 58, 59

1976-2015,
9999
1965-2015,
9999

50-52, 58, 59

988 Other (bus)

1945-2015,
9999

50-52, 58, 59

989 Unknown (bus)

1945-2015,
9999

50-52, 58, 59

BUSES
981 Bus**: Conventional (Engine out
front)
982 Bus: Front engine. Flat front
983 Bus: Rear engine, Flat front

50-52, 58, 59

** Use code “989” (bus) if the frontal plane or the engine location is unknown.
MOTOR HOME
850 Motor Home
OTHER VEHICLE
998 Other (vehicle)
999 Unknown (as to automobile,
motored cycle, light truck or truck)

340

Truck based

1965-2015,
9999

65, 73

(e.g., farm vehicle,
snowmobile, go-cart)

1943-2015,
9999

91-93, 95, 97

1945-2015,
9999

49, 79, 99

2015

V11

BODY TYPE
FORMAT: 2 numeric
SAS NAME: Vehicle.Body_Typ, Person.Body_Typ, parkwork.PBODYTYP
ELEMENT VALUES:
Automobiles:
01
Convertible (excludes sun-roof, t-bar)
02
2-Door Sedan, Hardtop, Coupe
03
3-Door/2-Door Hatchback
04
4-Door Sedan, Hardtop
05
5-Door/4-Door Hatchback
06
Station Wagon (excluding van and truck based)
07
Hatchback, Number of Doors Unknown
17
3-Door Coupe
08
Sedan/Hardtop, number of doors unknown
09
Other or Unknown automobile type
Automobile Derivatives:
10
Auto-Based Pickup (includes Chevrolet - El Camino, GMC -Caballero, Ford Ranchero, Chevrolet - SSR; Subaru-Baha, Brat, and Volkswagen - Rabbit Pickup)
11
Auto-Based Panel (Cargo Station Wagon, auto-based Ambulance/Hearse)
12
Large Limousine (More than four side doors or stretched chassis)
13
Three-Wheel Automobile or Automobile Derivative
Utility Vehicles:
14
Compact Utility (ANSI D16.1 Utility Vehicle Categories “Small” and “Midsize”):
 Small: Chevy-Tracker; GMC- Jimmy/Typhoon; Isuzu - Trooper II;
Oldsmobile - Bravada (1991-94); Suzuki - Samurai, Sidekick.
Midsize: Acura - SLX, RDX; Audi - Q3, Q5, Q7, Allroad, SQ5; BMW - X1,
X3, X5; Buick - Rendezvous, Rainier, Encore, Enclave; Chevrolet Captiva, S10-Blazer/TrailBlazer, Tracker (1999 on), TrailBlazer (2003 on),
Trax; Equinox; Diahatsu - Rocky; Dodge - Durango (1998-2003), Nitro,
Raider; Fiat - 500L; Ford - Bronco II (1984 on), Escape, Explorer, Explorer
Sport; GMC - Jimmy (1995 on), Envoy, Terrain; Honda - CRV, Passport,
Element; Hummer - H3; Hyundai - Santa Fe, Tuscon, Veracruz (2007 only);
Infiniti - QX4, JX35, QX60, QX70; Isuzu - Amigo, Axiom, Rodeo, Rodeo
Sport, Vehicross, Trooper, Hombre; Jeep - Cherokee (1984 on),
Commander, Grand Cherokee, Liberty, Patriot, Renegade, Wagoneer,
Wrangler; Kia - Sportage, Sorrento; Land Rover - Defender (1993, 19951997), Discovery, Discovery Sport, Freelander (2002-2003) Evogue;
Lexus - RX300, RX330, GX470; Lincoln - Aviator, MKC; Mazda - CX5, CX9
Navajo, Tribute; Mercedes - M, ML, G, GLK; Mercury - Mariner,
2015

341

V11

16
19

Mountaineer; Mitsubishi - Montero, Montero Sport, Endeavor; Nissan Juke, Pathfinder, Xterra; Oldsmobile - Bravada (1996 on); Pontiac - Aztek,
Torrent; Porsche - Macan; Saab - 9-7x; Saturn - Vue; Subaru - B9 Tribeca,
Forester, XV Crosstrek; Suzuki - Vitara, Vitara V6, Grand Vitara, X90, XL7;
Toyota - 4-Runner, FJ Cruiser, Highlander, RAV4; Volkswagen - Tiguan;
Volvo - XC70, XC90.
Large utility (ANSI D16.1 Utility Vehicle Categories and “Full Size” and “Large”)
 Full Size: Acura - MDX; AMC - Hummer; Buick - Enclave (2013 on),
Cadillac - Escalade; Chevrolet Full-size Blazer, Tahoe, Traverse (2013 on);
Chrysler - Aspen, Dodge - Durango (2004 on), Ford - Full-size Bronco (78
and after), Expedition; Honda - Pilot; Hyundai - Veracruz (2008 on); GMC Acadia (2013 on), Jimmy (1991-1994), Yukon (Denali/XL); Infiniti - QX56,
QX80; Isuzu - Ascender; Jeep - Cherokee (83 and before); Kia - Mesa,
Borrego; Land Rover - LR2, LR3, Freelander (2004 on), Range Rover;
Mazda - CX-9, Mercedes Benz - GL; Nissan - Armada; Porsche Cayenne; Lexus - LX450/470; Lincoln - Navigator; Toyota - Land Cruiser,
Sequoia; Volkswagen - Touareg.
 Large: Avanti - Studebaker XUV; AMC -Hummer (H1, H2)
Utility station wagon (includes suburban limousines), Cadillac - Escalade ESV;
Chevrolet - Suburban (Yukon XL (2000 on), Travellall, Ford - Excursion, Jeep Grand Wagoneer)
Utility Vehicle, Unknown Body Type

Van-Based Light Trucks (GVWR < = 10,000 lbs.):
20
Minivan (AM General - MV-1; Buick-Terraza; Chevrolet-Astro, City Express,
Lumina, Uplander, Venture; Chrysler-Town and Country, Voyager; DodgeCaravan, Grand Caravan, RAM-CV, Promater City; Ford-Aerostar, Windstar,
Freestar, Transit Connect; GMC-Safari, Savana; Honda-Odyssey; HyundaiEntourage; Isuzu-Oasis; Kia-Sedona; Mazda-MPV; Mercury-Monterey, Villager;
Mistubishi-Minivan; Nissan-Altra EV, Axxess, Quest, Van; Oldsmobile-Silhouette;
Plymouth-Voyager, Grand Voyager, Vista; Pontiac-Transport, Montana; SaturnRelay; Toyota-Previa, Sienna; Volkswagon-Camper, Eurovan, Routan, Vanagon.
21
Large Van-Includes van-based buses (B150-B350, Sportsman, Royal Maxiwagon,
Ram, Tradesman, Voyager [83 and before], E150-E350, Econoline, Clubwagon,
Chateau, G10-G30, Chevy Van, Beauville, Sport Van, G15-G35, Rally Van,
Vandura, Ford - Transit, Freightliner - Sprinter/Advantage, Mercedes Benz Sprinter, Dodge - Sprinter, RAM-Promaster, Nissan - NV, Ford - Transit)
22
Step-van or walk-in van (GVWR <= 10,000 lbs.)
28
Other van type (Hi-Cube Van, Kary)
29
Unknown van type
Light Conventional Truck (Pick-up style cab, GVWR < = 10,000 lbs.):
30
Compact pickup (GVWR < 4,500 lbs.) (Chevrolet - Colorado, Courier, S-10, T-10,
LUV; Dodge - D50, Colt P/U, Ram 50, Dakota; Plymouth - Arrow Pickup [foreign];
Ford - Courier, Ranger, Explorer Sport Trac; GMC – Canyon, Dakota, S-15, T-15,
Sonoma, Honda - Ridgeline; Isuzu - Hombre, i-280, i-350; Mahindra - TR;
342

2015

V11

32
33
39

Mazda - Pickup, B-Series; Mitsubishi - Pickup; Nissan/Datsun - Pickup, Frontier;
Toyota - Pickup, Tacoma)
Standard pickup (GVWR 4,500 to 10,000 lbs.) (AM General - Hummer Pickup;
Avanti - Studebaker XUT; Cadillac - Escalade EXT; Chevrolet - Avalanche,
Silverado, C-K 1500, C-K 2500, C-K 3500, S/T, Sierra, R100-R500; Dodge - Ram
Pick up, Dakota, D100-D350, W100-W350, Ford - F100-F350; GMC - C10-C35,
K10-K35, R10-R35, V10-V35; Jeep - Pickup, Comanche; Lincoln - Blackwood ,
Mark LT; Mitsubishi - Raider; Nissan - Titan; Suzuki - Equator; Toyota - Tundra,
T-100.)
Pickup with slide-in camper
Convertible pickup
Unknown (pickup style) light conventional truck type

Other Light Convention Trucks (GVWR < = 10,000 lbs.):
40
Cab Chassis Based (includes Rescue Vehicle, Light Stake, Dump, and Tow
Truck)
41
Truck Based Panel
45
Other light conventional truck type
48
Unknown light truck type
49
Unknown light vehicle type (automobile, utility vehicle, van, light truck)
Buses (excludes van-based buses with a GVWR < = 10,000 lbs.):
50
School Bus
51
Cross Country/Intercity Bus
52
Transit Bus (City Bus)
55
Van-Based Bus GVWR > 10,000 lbs.
58
Other Bus Type
59
Unknown Bus Type
Medium/Heavy Vehicle (GVWR > 10,000 lbs.):
60
Step Van (>10,000 lbs. GVWR)
61
Single-unit straight truck or Cab-Chassis (10,000 lbs. < GVWR < or = 19,500 lbs.)
62
Single-unit straight truck or Cab-Chassis (19,500 lbs. < GVWR < or = 26,000 lbs.)
63
Single-unit straight truck or Cab-Chassis (GVWR > 26,000 lbs.)
64
Single-unit straight truck or Cab-Chassis (GVWR unknown)
66
Truck-tractor (Cab only, or with any number of trailing units; any weight)
67
Medium/heavy Pickup (>10,000 lbs. GVWR)
71
Unknown if single-unit or combination unit Medium Truck (10,000 lbs. < GVWR <
26,000 lbs.)
72
Unknown if single-unit or combination unit Heavy Truck (GVWR > 26,000 lbs.)
78
Unknown medium/heavy truck type
79
Unknown truck type (light/medium/heavy)

2015

343

V11
Motor Homes – (Do NOT code commercial vehicle elements for motor homes,
unless hazardous cargo is present):
42
Light Truck Based Motorhome (Chassis Mounted)
65
Medium/heavy truck based motor home
73
Camper or motor home, unknown truck type
Motorcycles, Mopeds, All-Terrain Vehicles; All-Terrain Cycles:
80
Motorcycle
81
Moped (motorized bicycle)
82
Three-wheel Motorcycle or Moped – not All-Terrain Vehicle
83
Off-road Motorcycle (2-wheel)
88
Other motored cycle type (mini-bikes, motor scooters, pocket motorcycles “pocket
bikes”)
89
Unknown motored cycle type
90
ATV/ATC (All-Terrain Cycle)
Other Vehicles:
91
Snowmobile
92
Farm equipment other than trucks
93
Construction equipment other than trucks (includes graders)
95
Golf Cart
94
Low Speed Vehicle (LSV) / Neighborhood Electric Vehicle (NEV)
97
Other vehicle type (includes go-cart, fork-lift, city street sweeper, dune/swamp
buggy)
98
Not Reported
99
Unknown body type
Definition: This element identifies a classification of this vehicle based on its general body
configuration, size, shape, doors, etc.
Remarks:
SEE ADDITIONAL REMARKS BEFORE VEHICLE MAKE – V9
AUTOMOBILES:
These attributes are used to classify different types of passenger cars. These type of light
vehicles, referred to as automobiles, are designed primarily to transport eight or fewer persons.
01 (Convertible [excludes sun-roof and t-bar]) refers to a passenger car equipped with a
removable or retractable roof. To qualify for this code, the entire roof must open. Convertible
roofs are generally fabric; however, removable hardtops are also included. This attribute takes
priority over 2-door or 4-door codes.
02 (2-Door Sedan, Hardtop, Coupe) refers to a passenger car equipped with two doors for
ingress/egress and a separate trunk area for cargo (e.g., trunk lid hinged below the backlight).
Folding rear seats do not necessarily violate the separate “trunk area” concept.
344

2015

V11
03 (3-Door/2-Door Hatchback) refers to a passenger car equipped with two doors for
ingress/egress and a rear hatch opening for cargo (e.g., hinged above the backlight). The
cargo area is not permanently partitioned from the passenger compartment area.
04 (4-Door Sedan, Hardtop) refers to a passenger car equipped with four doors for
ingress/egress and a separate trunk area for cargo (e.g., trunk lid hinged below the backlight).
Folding rear seats do not necessarily violate the separate “trunk area” concept.
05 (5-Door/4-Door Hatchback) refers to a passenger car equipped with four doors for
ingress/egress and a rear hatch opening for cargo (e.g., hinged above the backlight). The
cargo area is not permanently partitioned from the passenger compartment area.
06 (Station wagon [excluding van and truck based]) refers to a passenger car with an
enlarged cargo area. The entire roof covering the cargo area is generally equal in height from
front to rear and full height side glass is installed between the C and D-pillars. The rearmost
area is not permanently partitioned from the forward passenger compartment area (e.g.,
“horizontal window shades” to hide cargo do not constitute partitions).
07 (Hatchback, Number of Doors Unknown) refers to a passenger car with an unknown
number of doors for ingress/egress and a rear hatch opening for cargo (e.g., hinged above the
backlight). The cargo area is not permanently partitioned from the passenger compartment
area.
17 (3-door coupe) refers to a passenger car equipped with three doors for ingress/egress in
which 2 of the doors are located on the driver's side and a separate trunk area for cargo (e.g.,
trunk lid hinged below the backlight). Folding rear seats do not necessarily violate the separate
“trunk area” concept.
08 (Sedan/Hardtop, number of doors unknown) refers to a passenger car equipped with an
unknown number of doors for ingress/egress and a separate trunk area for cargo (e.g., trunk
lid hinged below the backlight). Folding rear seats do not necessarily violate the separate
“trunk area” concept.
09 (Other or Unknown automobile type) is used for any passenger car that cannot be
described by the other automobile codes OR when it is known that the vehicle is a passenger
car, but there is insufficient data to determine the type. Do not use this attribute if the Police
Accident Report (PAR) alone or in combination with other information gives sufficient detail to
identify a more specific attribute.



2015

Example #1: If the possible choices are codes “01,” “02”, or “09” but there is enough
detail to identify that it is a 2-door and that it is NOT a convertible, then use 02 (2-Door
Sedan, Hardtop, Coupe).
Example #2: If there is information that it is a 4-door and the PAR eliminates the
possibility of a hatchback or station wagon, then use 04 (4-Door Sedan, Hardtop).

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AUTOMOBILE DERIVATIVES
This describes certain passenger cars that have been modified to perform cargo-related tasks.
10 (Auto-Based Pickup) refers to a passenger car based, pickup type vehicle. The roof area
(and side glass) rearward of the front seats on a station wagon have been removed and
converted into a pickup-type cargo box.
11 (Auto-Based Panel (Cargo Station Wagon, auto-based Ambulance/Hearse) refers to an
automotive station wagon that may have sheet metal rearward of the B-pillar rather than glass.
12 (Large Limousine) - more than four side doors or stretched chassis refers to an
automobile that has sections added within its wheelbase to increase length and
passenger/cargo carrying capacity.
13 (Three-Wheel Automobile or Automobile Derivative) refers to three-wheel vehicles with
an enclosed passenger compartment.
UTILITY VEHICLES (< = 10,000 lbs. GVWR)
Utility Vehicles are designed for carrying persons, and generally considered a multi-purpose
vehicle that is designed to have off-road capabilities. These vehicles are: generally four-wheel
drive (4 x 4), have increased ground clearance, and are equipped with a strong frame. Four
wheel drive automobiles are not considered utility vehicles.
14 (Compact Utility) refers to a short wheelbase and narrow tracked multi-purpose vehicle
designed to operate in rugged terrain.
15 (Large Utility) refers to full-size multi-purpose vehicles primarily designed around a
shortened pickup truck chassis. Generally a station wagon style body, some models are
equipped with a removable top.
16 (Utility Station Wagon) refers primarily to a pickup truck based chassis enlarged to a
station wagon.
19 (Utility Vehicle, Unknown Body Type) is used when it is known that the vehicle is a utility
vehicle, but there is insufficient data to determine the specific type.
VAN-BASED LIGHT TRUCKS (< = 10,000 lbs. GVWR)
Van-Based Light Trucks (< = 10,000 lbs. GVWR) are designed to maximize cargo/passenger
area versus overall length. Basically a “box on wheels”, these vehicles are identifiable by their
enclosed cargo/passenger area and relatively short (or non-existent) hood.
20 (Minivan) refers to down-sized cargo or passenger unibody vans.

346

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21 (Large Van) refers to a standard cargo or passenger van and includes van-based buses
less than 10,001 lbs. GVWR. These vans will generally have a larger capacity in both volume
and GVWR.
22 (Step Van or Walk-In Van [< = 10,000 lbs. GVWR]) refers to a multi-stop delivery vehicle
with a GVWR less than or equal to 10,000 lbs. Examples are the Grumman LLV used by the
US Postal Service or the Aeromate manufactured by Utilimaster Motor Corporation.
28 (Other Van Type) refers to a cargo or delivery van where the chassis and cab portions
from the B-pillar forward of this vehicle are the same as in Minivans or Large Vans with a
frame mounted cargo area unit added behind the driver/cab area or if the van cannot be
described as a Minivan, Large Van, Step-van or a Van-based motor home. Annotate the van
type when using this code. This code takes priority over Minivans and Large Vans.
29 (Unknown Van Type) is used when it is known that this vehicle is a light van, but its
specific type cannot be determined.
LIGHT CONVENTIONAL TRUCKS (Pickup Style Cab, < = 10,000 lbs. GVWR)
Light Conventional Trucks are used to describe vehicles commonly referred to as pickup trucks
and some of their derivatives. These light trucks are characteristically designed with a small
cab containing a single row of seats (extended cabs with additional seats are available for
some models), a large hood covering a conventional engine placement, and a separate open
box area (approximately 180 to 240 centimeters long) for cargo.
30 (Compact Pickup) is used to describe a pickup truck having a width of 178 centimeters or
less.
31 (Standard Pickup) is used to describe a pickup truck having a width of greater than 178
centimeters.
32 (Pickup with Slide-in Camper) is used to describe any pickup truck that is equipped with a
slide-in camper. A slide-in camper is a unit that mounts within a pickup bed. Pickup bed caps,
tonneau covers or frame mounted campers are not applicable for this code.
33 (Convertible Pickup) refers to a pickup truck equipped with a removable or retractable
roof. To qualify for this code, the entire roof must open. Convertible roofs are generally fabric;
however, removable hardtops are also included. This code takes priority over compact and
large pickups.
39 (Unknown (Pickup Style) Light Conventional Truck Type) is used when this vehicle is a
Light Conventional Truck, but there is insufficient data to determine the specific code.

2015

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OTHER LIGHT TRUCKS (< = 10,000 lbs. GVWR)
Other Light Trucks are used to describe vehicles that are based upon a conventional light
pickup frame, but a commercial or recreational body has been affixed to the frame rather than
a pickup box.
40 (Cab Chassis Based [includes rescue vehicles, light stake, dump and tow truck]) is
used to describe a light vehicle with a pickup style cab and a commercial (non-pickup) body
attached to the frame. Included are pickup based ambulances and tow trucks.
41 (Truck Based Panel) is used to describe a truck based station wagon that has sheet metal
rather than glass above the beltline rearward of the B-pillars.
45 (Other Light Conventional Truck Type) is used for light conventional trucks that cannot
be described elsewhere.
48 (Unknown Light Truck Type) is used when it is known that the vehicle is a light truck but
further classification into one of the more detailed light truck categories (utility, van, pickup or
other light trucks) is not possible. Example: It is known the light vehicle is a utility vehicle or
van but it can't be determined which one.
49 (Unknown Light Vehicle Type [automobile, utility, van or light truck]) is used when it is
known that the vehicle is a light vehicle, but insufficient data exists to specify what type of light
vehicle it is.
Buses (excludes van-based buses GVWR < or = 10,000 lbs.):
Buses are defined as any motor vehicle designed primarily to transport large groups of
passengers (nine or more persons, including the driver).
50 (School Bus) (designed to carry students, not cross country or transit) is a bus designed to
carry passengers to and from educational facilities and/or related functions. The vehicles are
characteristically painted yellow and clearly identified as school buses. Use this code
regardless of whether the vehicle is owned by a school system or a private company. School
buses converted for other uses (e.g., church bus) also take this code.
51 (Cross Country/Intercity Bus) describes a bus body type designed to travel long
distances between cities (e.g. Greyhound).
52 (Transit Bus [City Bus]) describes a bus body type designed for public transportation
typically within a city.
55 (Van-Based Bus GVWR > 10,000 lbs.) describes a bus body type built on a van-based
chassis.

348

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58 (Other Bus Type) is a vehicle designed/converted to carry nine or more persons, including
the driver, not described by the attributes school bus, cross country/intercity bus, transit bus, or
van-based bus. Examples include a specialized tour bus or bus based motor home.
59 (Unknown Bus Type) is used when it is known the transport device is a bus but there is
insufficient data to choose between the bus attributes.
MEDIUM/HEAVY TRUCKS ( > 10,000 lbs. GVWR)
Medium/Heavy Trucks describe a single-unit truck specifically designed for carrying cargo on
the same chassis as the cab. They pertain to a truck-tractor designed for towing trailers or
semi-trailers. Although towing is their primary purpose, some truck-tractors are equipped with
cargo areas located rearward of the cab.
60 (Step Van [>10,000 lbs. GVWR]) defines a single-unit, enclosed body with a GVWR
greater than 10,000 lbs. and an integral driver's compartment and cargo area. Step vans are
generally equipped with a folding driver seat mounted on a pedestal and a sliding door for easy
ingress/egress.
61-63 (Single-Unit Straight Truck or Cab-chassis) describes a non-articulated truck
designed to carry cargo. The attribute selected is based on the applicable GVWR range for the
vehicle. Includes “incomplete” or “cutaway”.
64 (Single-Unit Straight Truck or Cab-chassis [GVWR unknown]) describes a
medium/heavy non-articulated truck designed to carry cargo. It is known not to be a step van,
van, or pickup truck, but its GVWR is unknown. Includes “incomplete” or “cutaway”.
66 (Truck-Tractor [Cab only or with any number of trailing units]) describes a fifth wheel
equipped tractor-trailer power unit. The number of trailing units is not a consideration.
67 (Medium/Heavy Pick-up [>10,000 lbs. GVWR]) is a single-unit straight truck with a pickup
body style with a GVWR > 10, 000 lbs. Examples include the Ford Super Duty 350, 450, or
550.
78 (Unknown Medium/Heavy Truck Type) is used when it is unknown whether the
medium/heavy truck is a single-unit truck or a truck-tractor and/or trailer combination and it is
known that the vehicle is either a medium or heavy truck with GVWR >10,000 lbs..
79 (Unknown Truck Type [light/medium/heavy)]) is used when it is known that this vehicle
is a truck, but there is insufficient data to classify the vehicle further.
MOTOR HOMES
Motor Homes are recreational vehicles mounted on an incomplete vehicle chassis that is
suitable to live in and drive across the country. (Do NOT code commercial vehicle elements for
motor homes, unless hazardous cargo is present.)
2015

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42 (Light Truck Based Motor Home [chassis mounted]) is used to describe a frame
mounted recreational unit attached to a light van or conventional chassis.
65 (Medium/Heavy Truck Based Motor Home) describes a recreational vehicle mounted on
a single unit medium/heavy truck chassis.
73 (Camper or Motor Home, unknown truck type) is used when it is known the vehicle is a
camper or motor home, but the truck type is unknown.
MOTORCYCLES, MOPEDS, ALL-TERRAIN VEHICLES, ALL-TERRAIN CYCLES
80 (Motorcycle) is used when a motor vehicle having a seat or saddle for the use of its
operator is a two-wheeled open (e.g., no enclosed body) vehicle propelled by an internal
combustion engine. Motorcycles equipped with a side car also use this code.
81 (Moped [motorized bicycle]) is used when the vehicle is a speed-limited motor-driven
cycle capable of moving either by pedaling or by an internal combustion engine.
82 (Three-Wheeled Motorcycle or Moped) is used when the vehicle is a three-wheeled open
vehicle propelled by an internal combustion engine or a three-wheeled motorized bicycle
capable of moving either by pedaling or by an internal combustion engine.
83 (Off-road Motorcycle [2-wheel]) is used when the vehicle is a two-wheeled open vehicle
propelled by an internal combustion engine designed or built for off road use only.
88 (Other Motored Cycle [mini-bike, motor scooter, pocket motorcycles “pocket bikes”])
is used when the vehicle in question does not qualify for attributes motorcycle, moped, threewheeled motorcycle or moped (e.g., motor scooter).
89 (Unknown Motored Cycle Type) is used when it is known that the vehicle is a motored
cycle, but no further data is available.
90 (ATV/ATC [All-Terrain Cycle]) is used for off-road recreational vehicles which cannot be
licensed for use on public roadways. ATV/ATCs have 3 or 4 wheels, a saddle type seat and
handle bars for steering (no steering wheel). Does not include side-by-side ATVs (automobile
type seats and steering wheel). See code 97 (Other Vehicle Type) for side-by-side ATV.
OTHER VEHICLES
Other Vehicles describes all motored vehicles that are designed primarily for off-road use.
91 (Snowmobile) refers to a vehicle designed to be operated over snow propelled by an
internal combustion engine.
92 (Farm Equipment Other Than Trucks) refers to farming implements other than trucks
propelled by an internal combustion engine (e.g., farm tractors, combines, etc.).
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93 (Construction Equipment Other Than Trucks) refers to construction equipment other
than trucks propelled by an internal combustion engine (e.g., bulldozer, road grader, etc.).
95 (Golf Cart) is a motor vehicle that is designed and manufactured for operation on a golf
course for sporting or recreational purposes. Golf carts or golf cars are different from code 94
(Low speed vehicle (LSV)/Neighborhood Electric Vehicle (NEV)) in that if they are
manufactured to go less than 20 mph they are not subject to the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety
Standard (FMVSS) 500. As a result, golf carts will not have a 17 digit VIN. Golf carts will
have a nonstandard serial number that may be reported on the PAR. Also, typically golf carts
will not have safety features required of LSV/NEV’s under the FMVSS like safety belts, head
lights, turn signal and tail lamps, rear view mirrors, etc. (See definition of LSV/NEV below).
94 (Low speed vehicle (LSV)/Neighborhood Electric Vehicle (NEV)) refers to a vehicle that
is designed for travel on secondary roads with speed limits equal to or less than 35 mph.
LSVs can sometimes resemble golf carts but differ in that they must adhere to Federal Motor
Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) 500. Provisions of FMVSS 500 include the following:
The Vehicle must have:











Four wheels
Top speed of at least 20 mph, but it cannot exceed 25 mph
GVWR less than 3,001 pounds
Head, turn signal and tail lamps
Reflex reflectors
Parking brake
Rear view mirrors
Windshield
Safety belts
Seventeen (17) character VIN

97 (Other Vehicle Type) is used when the motorized vehicle in question does not qualify for
Construction equipment other than trucks, Farm equipment other than trucks, or Snowmobile
(e.g., fork-lift, city street sweeper, dune/swamp buggy, side-by-side ATV (automobile type
seats and steering wheel) go-kart, “kit” car, etc.).
98 (Not Reported)
If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable,
then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”.
Code 98 (Not Reported) in these two situations:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the information
to code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials)

2015

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V11
2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case
materials).
99 (Unknown Body Type) is used when the available information regarding the type of
vehicle is reported as Unknown.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(1D0P)
(1Q0F)
(1R0P)
(1Z2P)

(2D0P)
(2Q0F)

(2R0P)
(2U0P)
(2U0Q)
(3A0P)
(3Q0F)

(4A0P)

352

THEN

SPECIAL USE equals 01,

BODY TYPE must equal 02-09, 12,
14-21, 28, 29, 49, 99.
PERSON TYPE equals 01, and BODY SEATING POSITION must not equal
12-55, 99.
TYPE equals 80-83, 88, 89,
INJURY SEVERITY must not equal 0, 9.
SEATING POSITION equals 51, and
BODY TYPE equals 50-52, 55, 58, 59,
any SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals ROLLOVER must equal 1, 2, 9.
01, and (BODY TYPE equals 01-79,
82, 90-99, or any RELATED
FACTORS-VEHICLE LEVEL equals
30),
BODY TYPE should equal 15, 16,
SPECIAL USE equals 02,
19-21, 28, 29, 45, 48, 50-52, 55, 58, 59.
PERSON TYPE equals 02, 03, 09,
SEATING POSITION must not equal
and BODY TYPE equals 01, 02, 04,
31-50.
08, 10, 17, 31-33, 39-41, 45, 48, 90,
91,
RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET USE BODY TYPE must not equal 80-83,
88, 89, 90, 91.
equals 00-04, 07-12,
AIR BAG DEPLOYED should equal 00.
BODY TYPE equals 80-83, 88-91,
AREAS OF IMPACT - INITIAL
BODY TYPE equals 80-83, 88, 89,
CONTACT POINT should not equal 14.
BODY TYPE must equal 60-64, 66, 67,
SPECIAL USE equals 07,
71, 72, 78, 79, 99.
PERSON TYPE equals 02, 03, 09,
SEATING POSITION must not equal 50.
and BODY TYPE equals 01-17, 19,
20, 22, 28-33, 39, 41, 42, 50-52, 55,
58, 59, 65, 80-83, 88-92, 94, 95, 97,
BODY TYPE equals 80-83, 88, 89,
SPECIAL USE must not equal 01-03,
06, 07.

2015

V11

(4C1P)

(4C2P)

(4C3P)

(4C4P)

(4C5P)

(4C6P)

(4C7P)

(4C8P)

(4C9P)

(4C0P)

(4D0P)

2015

THEN

NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 01-05,
07-09, 14, 15, 17, 19, 94, 95, 97, and
VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT equal
0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 06, 11, 16,
and VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT
equal 0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 12, and
VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT equal
0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 80-83, 88,
89, and VEHICLE TRAILING does
NOT equal 0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 42, 73, and
VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT equal
0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 60-65,
71, 72, 79, and VEHICLE TRAILING
does NOT equal 0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 66, and
VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT equal
0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 91, and
VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT equal
0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 90, and
VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT equal
0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 99, and
VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT equal
0,
SPECIAL USE equals 03,

NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be
greater than 20.

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(4F1P)

(4F2P)

(4F3P)
(4F4P)

(4F5P)

(4F6P)

(4F7P)
(4F8P)
(4F9P)
(4F9Q)

(4F0P)
(4N4P)

354

THEN

NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is less
than 97, and BODY TYPE equals
01-05, 07-10, 13, 17, 80-83, 88-90,
91-95, 97, and VEHICLE TRAILING
equals 0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is less
than 97, and BODY TYPE equals 06,
11, and VEHICLE TRAILING equals
0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 12, and
VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 80-83, 88,
89, and VEHICLE TRAILING equals
0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 15, 16, 42,
73, and VEHICLE TRAILING equals
0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 60-65,
71, 72, 79, and VEHICLE TRAILING
equals 0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 66, and
VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 91, and
VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 90, and
VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is less
than 97, and BODY TYPE equals 06,
11, 12, 14-16, 19, and VEHICLE
TRAILING equals 0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 99, and
VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0,
MOTOR CARRIER IDENTIFICATION
NUMBER does not equal
00-000000000,

NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be
greater than 15.

NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be
greater than 22.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be
greater than 25.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be
greater than 5.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be
greater than 30.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be
greater than 55.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be
greater than 50.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be
greater than 10.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be
greater than 20.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not
be greater than 15.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be
greater than 10.
BODY TYPE must equal 21, 28, 31, 40,
45, 48-52, 55, 58-64, 66, 67, 71, 72, 78,
79, 92, 93, 99, or HM2 must equal 2.

2015

V11
IF
(4N5P)

(4N6P)

(4Q0F)

(4Q1F)
(4S0P)
(4S1P)
(5A0P)

(5B0P)
(5D0P)

BODY TYPE does not equal 21, 28,
31, 40, 45, 48-52, 55, 58-64, 66, 67,
71, 72, 78, 92, 93, or HM2 does not
equal 2,
MOTOR CARRIER IDENTIFICATION
NUMBER equals 77-777777777,
PERSON TYPE equals 02, 03, 09,
and BODY TYPE equals 80-83, 88,
89,
PERSON TYPE equals 02, 03, and
BODY TYPE equals 21,
BODY TYPE equals 80-82, 83, 88, 89,
BODY TYPE equals 80-83, 88, 89 and
HM1 does not equal 1,
BODY TYPE equals 80, 81, 83, 88,
89, and any RELATED FACTORS VEHICLE LEVEL does not equal 30,
JACKKNIFE equals 0, and BODY
TYPE equals 66,
SPECIAL USE equals 04,

THEN
MOTOR CARRIER IDENTIFICATION
NUMBER must equal 00-000000000,
99-999999999.
BODY TYPE should equal 28, 45,
48-52, 55, 58-64, 66, 67, 71, 72, 78, 93
or HM1 should equal 2.
SEATING POSITION must not equal 12,
14-19, 22-50.
SEATING POSITION must not equal 50,
52.
EJECTION must equal 8.
COMPLIANCE WITH CDL
ENDORSEMENTS MUST equal 0.
ROLLOVER must equal 0.

VEHICLE TRAILING must not equal 1-4.

BODY TYPE must equal 01-12, 15-17,
19-22, 28-33, 39-41, 45, 48-50, 55,
58, 59, 60-64, 66, 67, 71, 72, 78, 79, 90,
99.
(5F0F) NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS equals
the number of Person Level forms for
00-96, and BODY TYPE does not
that vehicle must be equal to the
equal 50-52, 55, 58, 59,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS.
(5Q0F) PERSON TYPE equals 02, and BODY SEATING POSITION must not equal
TYPE equals 50-52, 55, 58, 59,
11, 21-50, 98, 99.
(5S0P) BODY TYPE equals 80-83, 88, 89 or
EXTRICATION must equal 0.
90,
(6A1P) UNDERRIDE/OVERRIDE equals 1-8, BODY TYPE must not equal 80-83,
88-91.
(6D0P) SPECIAL USE equals 05,
BODY TYPE must equal 01-12, 14-17
19-22, 28-33, 39-41, 45, 48, 49, 55,
58-64, 66, 67, 71, 72, 78-82, 88-91, 94,
95, 97-99.
(6G0Q) any RELATED FACTORS - VEHICLE BODY TYPE must equal 80 for this
LEVEL equals 30,
vehicle.
(6Q0F) PERSON TYPE equals 02, 03, 09,
SEATING POSITION must not equal
and BODY TYPE equals 60-67, 71,
31-49.
72, 78, 79,

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IF
(7D0P)
(7Q0F)
(8D0P)
(8L9P)

(8P0P)
(920P)

(930P)

(960P)
(981P)
(982P)
(A380)

(AE1P)
(AF2P)

356

THEN

SPECIAL USE equals 06,

BODY TYPE must equal 11, 14-17, 19,
21, 22, 28, 29, 40, 41, 45, 48, 49, 61, 62,
64, 79, 98, 99.
PERSON TYPE equals 09, and BODY SEATING POSITION must not equal
TYPE equals 50-52, 55, 58, 59,
12-50, 52-54.
SPECIAL USE equals 08,
BODY TYPE must not equal 60-64,
66, 67, 71, 72, 78, 79, 99.
there should be a previous event with
BODY TYPE does not equal 80-83,
88-91, and the CRASH EVENTS
CRASH EVENTS event equal to 18 or
event equals 54, and the
73 involving that vehicle.
corresponding AREAS OF IMPACT
(THIS VEHICLE) equals 19 in that
row,
PERSON TYPE equals 01, and AGE
BODY TYPE must not equal 01-12,
is less than 008,
14-17, 19-22, 28-33, 39-42, 45, 48-52,
55, 58-67, 71, 72, 78-83, 89, 92, 93.
the other three must also equal Not
any one of the fields MAKE, MODEL,
Reported.
BODY TYPE, and MODEL YEAR,
equals Not Reported [MAKE (97),
MODEL (997), BODY TYPE (98), and
MODEL YEAR (9998)],
the other three must also not be coded
any one of the fields MAKE, MODEL,
as Not Reported.
BODY TYPE, and MODEL YEAR,
does not equal Not Reported [MAKE
(97), MODEL (997), BODY TYPE
(98), and MODEL YEAR (9998)],
BODY TYPE must equal ___.
MAKE is not 98, 99, and equals ___,
and MODEL equals ___,
RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET USE
BODY TYPE equals 80-83, 88, 89,
must equal 05, 16, 17, 19, 29, 97, 98.
90, 91,
RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET USE
BODY TYPE does not equal 80-83,
must not equal 05, 16, 17, 19, 29.
88, 89, 90, 91,
LOCATION OF ROLLOVER should
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 01
equal _____ respectively.
and this vehicle is involved in the first
harmful event, and BODY TYPE does
not equal 80-89 for this vehicle, and
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals
_____,
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals
BODY TYPE must equal 66.
05-08,
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals
BODY TYPE must equal 20, 21, 50-52,
20, 21,
55, 58, 59.

2015

V11
IF

THEN

VEHICLE CONFIGURATION does not BODY TYPE should equal 15,16, 21, 28,
31, 40, 41, 45, 48-52, 55, 58-64, 66, 67,
equal 00, 99,
71, 72, 78, 92, 93, or HM2 must equal 2.
BODY TYPE must equal 21, 22, 28, 29,
(AH1P) BUS USE equals 08,
50-59.
BODY TYPE should equal 21, 52 or 55.
(AH2P) BUS USE equals 06,
BODY TYPE must equal 21, 50-52, 55,
(AL0P) CARGO BODY TYPE equals 22,
58, 59.
(AM0P) CARGO BODY TYPE does not equal BODY TYPE should equal 15, 16, 21,
28, 31, 40, 41, 45, 48-52, 55, 58-64,
00, 99,
66, 67, 71, 72, 78, 92, 93, or HM2 must
equal 2.
AIR BAG DEPLOYED should not equal
(BP0P) MODEL YEAR is greater than 1999,
00.
and BODY TYPE does not equal
50-52, 58-66, 71-79, 80-83, 88-93, 95,
97, and SEATING POSITION equals
11, 13, 18, 19,
(D270) BODY TYPE equals 50-52, 55, 63, 66, COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE
LICENSE STATUS should not equal 00.
72, or HM1 equals 2,
BODY TYPE should not equal 50-52,
(D440) COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE
55, 63, 66, 72, and HM2 should not
LICENSE STATUS equals 00,
equal 2.
BODY TYPE should equal 80-83, 88,
(D560) VIOLATIONS CHARGED equals 66,
89.
(P01F) PERSON TYPE equals 01-03, 09, and EJECTION should equal 0 or 7.
RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET USE
equals 01-04, 08, 10-12, and BODY
TYPE does not equal 80-89,
SEATING POSITION must equal 55, or
(P094) EJECTION equals 8,
BODY TYPE must equal 80-83, 88, 89.
FATAL INJURY AT WORK should equal
(P130) BODY TYPE equals 60-67, 71, 72,
1.
78, 79, and PERSON TYPE equals
01, 03, and INJURY SEVERITY
equals 4,
BODY TYPE should not equal 90.
(P180) PERSON TYPE equals 01, and AGE
is less than 009,
AIR BAG DEPLOYED should equal 00.
(P230) SEATING POSITION equals 21, 23,
28, 29, 31, 33, 38 or 39, and BODY
TYPE equals 50-97,
SEATING POSITION should equal 11,
(P290) AIR BAG DEPLOYED equals 01-03,
13, 21, 23, 31 or 33.
07-09, 20, 28, and BODY TYPE
equals 01-49 and MODEL YEAR
equals 1998 or newer,
(AH0P)

2015

357

V11
IF
(P310)
(U080)
(U470)
(V020)

EJECTION equals 1-3, and BODY
TYPE does not equal 90, 91, 97,
BODY TYPE does not equal 21, 28,
29, 50-59,
UNLIKELY: BODY TYPE equals 98.
VEHICLE TRAILING equals 1,

(V031)

RELATED FACTORS-VEHICLE
LEVEL equals 39,

(V032)

RELATED FACTORS-VEHICLE
LEVEL equals 40,

(V050)
(V051)
(V052)
(V053)

RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET USE
equals 05, 16, 17,19, 29,
BUS USE equals 01,
BUS USE equals 04,
BUS USE equals 05,

(V054)

BUS USE equals 07,

(V055)
(V170)

BUS USE equals 00,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is less
than 97, and VEHICLE TRAILING
equals 0, and BODY TYPE equals
01-05, 07-09, 14, 15, 17, 19, 94, 95,
97,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is less
than 97, and VEHICLE TRAILING
equals 0, and BODY TYPE equals 06,
11,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0,
and BODY TYPE equals 12,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0,
and BODY TYPE equals 80-83, 88,
89,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0,
and BODY TYPE equals 15, 16, 42,
73,

(V180)

(V190)
(V200)

(V210)

358

THEN
RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET USE
must not equal 05, 16, 17, 19, 29.
UNLIKELY: SPECIAL USE equals 02 or
03.
BODY TYPE should not equal 50-52,
55, 80-83, 88-91.
BODY TYPE should not equal 01,
12, 13, 32, 33, 42, 50-52, 55, 58, 59, 65,
73, 80-83, 88-92.
BODY TYPE should not equal 01,
12, 13, 32, 33, 42, 50-52, 55, 58, 59,
60-67, 71-73, 78, 80-83, 88-93.
BODY TYPE must equal 80-83, 88-91.
BODY TYPE should equal 21, 50 or 55.
BODY TYPE should equal 51.
BODY TYPE should equal 12, 16, 21,
51, 55 or 58.
BODY TYPE should equal 21, 22, 29,
50 -59.
BODY TYPE must not equal 50-59.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not
be greater than 8.

2015

V11
IF
(V220)

(V230)
(V240)
(V250)
(V260)
(V290)
(V320)
(V330)

(V340)

(V350)

(V360)

2015

NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0,
and BODY TYPE equals 60-65, 71,
72, 79,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0,
and BODY TYPE equals 66,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0,
and BODY TYPE equals 91,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0,
and BODY TYPE equals 90,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is, 01-96,
and VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0,
and BODY TYPE equals 99,
BODY TYPE equals 90,
BODY TYPE equals 50-52, 55, 58-66,
71-79 and SEATING POSITION does
not equal 11, 13, 98,
SCHOOL BUS RELATED equals 1,

NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 01-05,
07-09, 14, 15, 17, 19, 97, and
VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT equal
0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 06, 11, 16,
and VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT
equal 0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 12, and
VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT equal
0,

THEN
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not
be greater than 12.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not
be greater than 5.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not
be greater than 2.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not
be greater than 8.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not
be greater than 5.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should
equal 01.
AIR BAG DEPLOYED should equal 00.
BODY TYPE of at least one of the
involved vehicles should equal 50
(School Bus) or SPECIAL USE for at
least one involved vehicle should equal
02 - Vehicle Used as School Bus, and
BUS USE for at least one vehicle should
equal 01.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not
be greater than 8.

NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not
be greater than 12.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not
be greater than 15.

359

V11
IF
(V370)

(V380)

(V390)

(V400)

(V410)

(V420)

(V430)

(V440)
(V46P)

NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 80-83,
88, 89, and VEHICLE TRAILING does
NOT equal 0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 42, 73, and
VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT equal
0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 60-65,
71, 72, 79, and VEHICLE TRAILING
does NOT equal 0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 66, and
VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT equal
0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is less
than 01-96, and BODY TYPE equals
91, and VEHICLE TRAILING does
NOT equal 0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 90, and
VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT equal
0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 98, 99, and
VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT equal
0,
BODY TYPE equals 50,

(V504)

VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals
21,
GVWR/GCWR equals 1,

(V505)

GVWR/GCWR equals 9,

(V506)
(V507)

BODY TYPE equals 60,
BODY TYPE equals 01-21, 28-30,
32-39, 45-49,
BODY TYPE equals 61, 62, 67, 71,
and VEHICLE CONFIGURATION
does not equal 04,

(V50P)

360

THEN
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not
be greater than 02.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not
be greater than 12.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not
be greater than 12.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not
be greater than 5.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not
be greater than 2.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not
be greater than 8.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not
be greater than 5.
SCHOOL BUS RELATED should equal
1.
BODY TYPE must equal 21, 50-52, 55,
58, 59.
BODY TYPE should equal 01-22, 28-39,
41-49.
BODY TYPE should not equal 61-63,
66, 67.
GVWR/GCWR should equal 2.
GVWR/GCWR should equal 0, 1.
GVWR/GCWR must equal 2, 9. (See
GVWR/GCWR Remarks on how to use
VIN Decoder to determine GVWR.)

2015

V11
IF
(V51P)

BODY TYPE equals 63, 66, 72,

(V540)

BODY TYPE equals 42, 65, 73, and
HM1 equals 1,
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals
10,
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals
05,

(V56P)
(V57P)
(V58P)

(V790)

VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals
04,
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals
06,
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals
07,
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals
08,
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION does not
equal 00, 99,
BODY TYPE equals 50-59, 60-64,
66-72, 78,
CARGO BODY TYPE does not equal
00, 99,
BODY TYPE equals 20,

(V800)

BODY TYPE equals 21, 22, 28, 29,

(V810)

BODY TYPE equals 67, and
VEHICLE TRAILING equals 1-4,

(V840)

BODY TYPE equals 50-59,

(V850)

BODY TYPE equals 60,

(V860)

HIT-AND-RUN equals 0, and BODY
TYPE equals 61-64,

(V59P)
(V60P)
(V61P)
(V640)
(V64P)
(V660)

2015

THEN
GVWR/GCWR must equal 3. (See
GVWR/GCWR Remarks on how to use
VIN Decoder to determine GVWR.)
GVWR/GCWR should equal 0.
BODY TYPE must equal 01-22, 28-49.
CARGO BODY TYPE must equal 12,
96, and BODY TYPE must equal 66.
BODY TYPE must not equal 66.
BODY TYPE must equal 66, and
VEHICLE TRAILING must equal 1.
BODY TYPE must equal 66, and
VEHICLE TRAILING must equal 2.
BODY TYPE must equal 66, and
VEHICLE TRAILING must equal 3.
BODY TYPE should not equal 28, 30,
42, 45, 48, 49.
GVWR/GCWR must not equal 0, 1.
BODY TYPE should not equal 28, 30,
42, 45, 48, 49.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should
equal 00, and CARGO BODY TYPE
should equal 00.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should
equal 00, 04, 10, 20, 21, 99, and
CARGO BODY TYPE should equal
00, 01, 22, 99.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should
equal 04, and CARGO BODY TYPE
should equal 01, 03, 04, 09.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should
equal 21, and CARGO BODY TYPE
should equal 22.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should
equal 01, 03, 04, and CARGO BODY
TYPE should equal 01.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should
equal 01, 02, 04, and CARGO BODY
TYPE should equal 01-10, 12, 96-98.

361

V11
IF
(V870)

BODY TYPE equals 65,

(V880)

HIT-AND-RUN equals 0, and BODY
TYPE equals 66,

(V890)

BODY TYPE equals 71, 72,

(V900)

BODY TYPE equals 73,

(V910)

BODY TYPE equals 78,

(V915)

BODY TYPE equals 67, and
VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0,

(V920)

BODY TYPE equals 79,

(V930)

VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals
00, or CARGO BODY TYPE equals
00,
VEHICLE MODEL YEAR is less than
1994, and SEATING POSITION
equals 31, 33, 39,
MAKE equals 98, 99, and MODEL
equals ___,
BODY TYPE equals 50-52, 55, 58-64,
66, 67, 71, 72, 78, 93, or HM1 equals
2,
BODY TYPE equals 82,

(V950)
(V961)
(V980)
(VH06)

THEN
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should
equal 00, and CARGO BODY TYPE
should equal 00.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should
equal 05-08, 19, and CARGO BODY
TYPE should equal 01-04, 06-12, 96-98.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should
equal 19, and CARGO BODY TYPE
should equal 01-04, 08, 10, 96-98.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should
equal 00, and CARGO BODY TYPE
should equal 00.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should
equal 19, and CARGO BODY TYPE
should equal 98.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should
equal 01, and CARGO BODY TYPE
should equal 97.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should
equal 99, and CARGO BODY TYPE
should equal 99.
BODY TYPE should not equal 50-64,
66-72, 78, 79.
RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET USE
should not equal 01, 03, and BODY
TYPE should equal 12, 15, 16, 19-21.
BODY should equal ___.
MOTOR CARRIER IDENTIFICATION
NUMBER must not equal
00-000000000.
RELATED FACTORS-VEHICLE LEVEL
must not equal 30.

Consistency Checks (GES Only):

(5A1P)
(5A2P)

362

THEN

BODY TYPE equals 60-79, and UNIT
TYPE equals 1,
FINAL STRATUM equals 2,

FINAL STRATUM should not equal 1, 3,
5 or 6.
there must exist at least one vehicle
where BODY TYPE equals 60-79, and
UNIT TYPE equals 1.
2015

V11
IF
(5A3P)

FINAL STRATUM equals 1, 5 or 6,

(5A4P)

FINAL STRATUM equals 1,

(5A5P)

FINAL STRATUM equals 5,

(5A9P)

FINAL STRATUM equals 4, and
INJURY SEVERITY equals 1,

(V941)

BODY TYPE equals 90 or 91,

(VH88)

UNIT TYPE equals 1, and VEHICLE
REMOVAL equals 2, and BODY
TYPE equals 01-49 or 60-79,

2015

THEN
there should exist at least one vehicle
where BODY TYPE equals 01-49, and
UNIT TYPE equals 1, and VEHICLE
REMOVAL equals 2.
there should exist:
1) at least one vehicle where BODY
TYPE equals 01-49, and UNIT TYPE
equals 1, and VEHICLE REMOVAL
equals 2, and INJURY SEVERITY
equals 4 for at least one occupant of that
vehicle; or
2) one and only one vehicle where
BODY TYPE equals 01-49, and UNIT
TYPE equals 1, and VEHICLE
REMOVAL equals 2, and INJURY
SEVERITY equals 3 for at least one
occupant of that vehicle; or
3) 2 or more vehicles where BODY
TYPE equals 01-49, and UNIT TYPE
equals 1, and at least 2 vehicles where
BODY TYPE equals 01-49, and UNIT
TYPE equals 1, and VEHICLE
REMOVAL equals 2, and INJURY
SEVERITY equals 3 for at least one
occupant of a vehicle where BODY
TYPE equals 01-49, and UNIT TYPE
equals 1, and VEHICLE REMOVAL
equals 2.
there should exist at least one vehicle
where BODY TYPE equals 01-49, and
UNIT TYPE equals 1, and VEHICLE
REMOVAL equals 2, and INJURY
SEVERITY equals 1, 2, 3 or 5 for at
least one occupant of that vehicle.
there should exist no vehicles where
BODY TYPE equals 60-79, and UNIT
TYPE equals 1.
VEHICLE LICENSE PLATE NUMBER
should equal 0000000000.
STRATUM should not equal 4.

363

V11
IF
(VH89)
(VH90)
(VH91)

364

UNIT TYPE equals 1, and VEHICLE
REMOVAL equals 2, and BODY
TYPE equals 01-49,
UNIT TYPE equals 1, and VEHICLE
REMOVAL equals 2, and BODY
TYPE equals 01-49 or 60-79,
UNIT TYPE equals 1, and VEHICLE
REMOVAL equals 2, and BODY
TYPE equals 01-49,

THEN
STRATUM should not equal 3.
FINAL STRATUM must not equal 4.
FINAL STRATUM must not equal 3.

2015

V12

VEHICLE MODEL YEAR
FORMAT: 4 numeric
SAS NAME: Vehicle.MOD_YEAR, Person MOD_YEAR, Parkwork.PMODYEAR
ELEMENT VALUES:
Actual Four Digit Model Year
Not Reported
Unknown

9998
9999

Definition: This element identifies the manufacturer's model year of this vehicle.
Remarks:
SEE ADDITIONAL REMARKS BEFORE VEHICLE MAKE – V9
9998 (Not Reported)
If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable,
then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”.
Code 9998 (Not Reported) in these two situations:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the information
to code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials)
2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case
materials).
Code all four digits of the model year for which the vehicle was manufactured.
A vehicle manufactured as a 1985 model is to be coded as “1985.”
Consistency Checks:
IF
(1C0P)

2015

the MODEL YEAR is not equal to
9998 or 9999,

THEN
the MODEL YEAR must not be greater
than CRASH YEAR plus ONE.

365

V12
IF

THEN

the 10th digit of the valid VEHICLE
VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION
IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (VIN)
NUMBER (VIN) does not equal 0’s,
should equal _______ (contact
8’s or 9’s and VEHICLE MODEL
YEAR is a valid year and greater than Headquarters for VIN Assistance).
or equal to 1980 and VEHICLE
MODEL YEAR equals ______,
the other three must also equal Not
(920P) any one of the fields MAKE, MODEL,
Reported.
BODY TYPE, and MODEL YEAR,
equals Not Reported [MAKE (97),
MODEL (997), BODY TYPE (98), and
MODEL YEAR (9998)],
MODEL YEAR must equal ___, or
(921P) MAKE is not 97, 98, 99, and equals
CRASH YEAR plus 1.
___, and MODEL equals ___,
the other three must also not be coded
(930P) any one of the fields MAKE, MODEL,
as Not Reported.
BODY TYPE, and MODEL YEAR,
does not equal Not Reported [MAKE
(97), MODEL (997), BODY TYPE
(98), and MODEL YEAR (9998)],
AIR BAG DEPLOYED should not equal
(BP0P) MODEL YEAR is greater than 1999,
00.
and BODY TYPE does not equal
50-52, 58-66, 71-79, 80-83, 88-93, 95,
97, and SEATING POSITION equals
11, 13, 18, 19,
SEATING POSITION should equal 11,
(P290) AIR BAG DEPLOYED equals 01-03,
07-09, 20, 28, and BODY TYPE
13, 21, 23, 31 or 33.
equals 01-49 and MODEL YEAR
equals 1998 or newer,
(U490) UNLIKELY: GVWR/GVCR equals 8 and VEHICLE MODEL YEAR is greater than
1980 and not equal to 9998 or 9999 and VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER
does not equal 0’s, 8’s or 9’s.
(U510) UNLIKELY: VEHICLE MODEL YEAR equals 9998.
(V010) MODEL YEAR should not be less than 1940.
VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER
(V011) VEHICLE MODEL YEAR is less than
1950,
must equal 0s.
the VEHICLE MODEL YEAR should
(V620) CRASH MONTH is between January
NOT be greater than the CRASH YEAR
and March,
unless it equals 9998 or 9999 (contact
Coding Assistance).
MODEL YEAR should equal ___.
(V922) MAKE equals 98, 99, and MODEL
equals ___,
RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET USE
(V950) VEHICLE MODEL YEAR is less than
should not equal 01, 03, and BODY
1994, and SEATING POSITION
TYPE should equal 12, 15, 16, 19-21.
equals 31, 33, 39,
(900P)

366

2015

V13

VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER
FORMAT: 17 alphanumeric
SAS NAME: Vehicle.VIN, Parkwork.PVIN
ELEMENT VALUES:
00000000000000000
88888888888888888
99999999999999999

No VIN Required
Any Alphanumeric Characters – Actual VIN number
Not Reported
Unknown

Definition: This element records the vehicle identification number (VIN) of this vehicle.
Remarks:
SEE ADDITIONAL REMARKS BEFORE VEHICLE MAKE – V9
Code the complete VIN. The VIN is always left-justified.
Trailer VINs are not coded.
If the VIN for the power unit of a combination vehicle is not available, code 8’s (Not Reported)
rather than the trailer VIN.
Vehicles manufactured after September 1980 conform to Federal Motor Vehicle Safety
Standard 115. This standard requires that each VIN have 17 characters, not contain the letter
“I”, “O” or “Q”, and pass a mathematical test (check digit). If the VIN is less than 17-characters
long (pre-1981 VIN), do not zero-fill. Instead, leave the remaining characters blank.
Only enter 8s (Not Reported) or 9s (Unknown) when the entire VIN is missing or unknown.
Enter all 0s (No VIN Required) if the vehicle is not required to have a VIN as per FMVSS 115
or the vehicle does not require registration (farm tractors, go-carts, etc.).
NOTE: For any multi-stage manufactured vehicle (e.g., school bus, motor home, limousine,
tow truck, etc.), enter the VIN for the vehicle’s power unit/chassis. Do not code the secondary
manufacturer’s serial number, which is not considered a VIN under FMVSS 115.
If the vehicle is manufactured by the Ford Motor Company and the VIN begins or ends with a
script “f”, the script “f” is not entered.
Proceed to the next character, as in the example below.
2015

367

V13
VIN: f 3 U 6 2 S 1 0 0 9 3 2 f
ENTER: 3 U6 2 S 1 0 0 9 3 2
In addition, if any hyphens or periods are contained in the string of alphanumeric characters,
ignore them as in the example below.
VIN: S M - E . 3 0 7 6 4 2 1
ENTER: SM E 3 0 7 6 4 2 1
8s (Not Reported)
If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable,
then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”.
Code 8s (Not Reported) in these three situations:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the information
to code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials), or
2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case
materials), or
3. Information on the PAR has been sanitized/redacted and no other information is
available in the case materials.
9s (Unknown) is used when the entire VIN is reported as Unknown or this is a hit-and-run
vehicle, with no information available.
FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION:
If the state will not allow transmittal of a complete standard VIN, code the right-most four
characters as numeric zeroes. The vehicle registration file must be used to verify the VIN.
GES SPECIAL INSTRUCTION:
Leave “Blank” any column which does not have a VIN character. If part of the VIN is missing
or not decipherable, leave the column any such character would ordinarily occupy “Blank.” In
the special case where the first 11 columns of the VIN are blank, but part or all of columns 12
through 17 contain information, code Unknown instead of the partial information contained in
the columns 12 through 17 of the VIN.

If the information from PC VINA or VINASSIST and the PAR are inconsistent, use the following
guidelines:
368

2015

V13




Make and model on the PAR takes precedence over the make and model indicated by
the VIN.
Model year - Use model year as indicated by VIN if the VIN Make and Model matches
the make and model shown on the PAR.
Body type - Use body type indicated by the VIN if the VIN Make and Model matches the
make and model shown on the PAR.

If the information about make and model on the PAR is inconsistent, model takes precedence
over the make.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(900P)

(901P)
(U490)
(V011)
(V280)
(V300)
(V62P)

THEN

VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION
the 10th digit of the valid VEHICLE
NUMBER (VIN) does not equal 0’s,
IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (VIN)
8’s or 9’s and VEHICLE MODEL
should equal _______ (contact
YEAR is a valid year and greater than Headquarters for VIN Assistance).
or equal to 1980 and VEHICLE
MODEL YEAR equals ______,
any VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION
VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER
NUMBER (VIN) that does not equal
(VIN) must be unique within a crash.
0’s,8’s or 9’s,
UNLIKELY: GVWR/GVCR equals 8 and VEHICLE MODEL YEAR is greater than
1980 and not equal to 9998 or 9999 and VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER
does not equal 0’s, 8’s or 9’s.
VEHICLE MODEL YEAR is less than
VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER
1950,
must equal 0s.
Possible error in VIN digit check
Possible error in VIN Production Number.
CARGO BODY TYPE equals 01-12,
GVWR/GCWR must equal 2, 3.
97, 98, and VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER does not equal Not
Reported or Unknown,

Consistency Checks (FARS Only):
IF
(V270)

2015

THEN

Possible error in VIN character types or number of characters.

369

THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

370

2015

V14

VEHICLE TRAILING
FORMAT: 1 numeric
SAS NAME: Vehicle.TOW_VEH; Person.TOW_VEH; Parkwork.PTRAILER
ELEMENT VALUES:
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
9

No Trailing Units
One Trailing Unit
Two Trailing Units
Three or more Trailing Units
Yes, Number of Trailing Units Unknown
Vehicle Towing Another Motor Vehicle - Fixed Linkage
Vehicle Towing Another Motor Vehicle - Non-Fixed Linkage
Unknown

Definition: This element identifies whether or not this vehicle had any attached trailing units
or was towing another motor vehicle.
Remarks:
Trailing unit applies to any device connected to a motor vehicle by a hitch, including tractortrailer combinations, a single-unit truck pulling a trailer (truck trailer), a boat trailer hitched onto
a motor vehicle, etc.
If the case materials do not provide sufficient information if the linkage was fixed or not,
consider the linkage as fixed.
A vehicle towing another motor vehicle is not considered to be a trailer but is considered to be
a towed vehicle (see 5 (Vehicle Towing Another Motor Vehicle - Fixed Linkage) or 6
(Vehicle Towing Another Motor Vehicle - Non-Fixed Linkage)).
A converter dolly is a device used to hitch a trailer to another semi-trailer or straight truck and
is not counted as a separate trailing unit. For combination vehicles (medium/heavy trucks),
count only the cargo-carrying units.
0 (No Trailing Units) is used when this vehicle was not pulling or towing a wheeled unit.
1 (One Trailing Unit) is used when on trailer was being pulled by this vehicle.
2 (Two Trailing Units) is used when this vehicle was pulling two trailers.
3 (Three or More Trailing Units) is used when this vehicle was pulling three or more trailers.
2015

371

V14
4 (Yes, Number of Trailing Units Unknown) is used when it is known that there was a
trailer(s) but the number of trailers cannot be determined.
5 (Vehicle Towing Another Motor Vehicle - Fixed Linkage) is used to identify that a vehicle
was towing another motor vehicle(s) connected by a fixed linkage. The towed vehicle will have
two or more wheels on the ground. This will most commonly apply to drive-away/tow-away
tow trucks. These are vehicles equipped with a mechanism designed to be attached to a towed
vehicle (e.g., hoist). This attribute would also be used for saddle-mounted towed vehicles. An
example of a saddle-mount unit would be a bobtail towing one or more other bobtails. This
attribute does not apply to vehicles towed by being loaded on a flatbed or auto transporter.
6 (Vehicle Towing Another Motor Vehicle - Non-Fixed Linkage) is used to identify that a
vehicle was towing another motor vehicle(s) connected by a non-fixed linkage. A non-fixed
linkage includes ropes, chains or cables.
9 (Unknown) is used when it cannot be determined from any information if a unit was being
pulled or towed.
FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION:
For vehicles being towed by an illegal hitch (rope, chain, cable), use the 22 (Towing or
Pushing Improperly) for the data element Related Factors-Driver Level.
GES SPECIAL INSTRUCTION:
The intent of this data element is to determine if the vehicle was pulling a trailing unit. If the
linkage is fixed, then the trailing unit is considered a towed unit. If the linkage is not fixed (e.g.,
one vehicle is pulling another using a rope), then each vehicle is considered to be separate.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(2B0P)

JACKKNIFE equals 1-3,

(4C1P)

NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 01-05,
07-09, 14, 15, 17, 19, 94, 95, 97, and
VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT equal
0,

(4C2P)

NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 06, 11, 16,
and VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT
equal 0,

372

THEN
VEHICLE TRAILING must not equal 0,
9.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be
greater than 20.

NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be
greater than 22.

2015

V14

(4C3P)

(4C4P)

(4C5P)

(4C6P)

(4C7P)

(4C8P)

(4C9P)

(4C0P)

(4F1P)

(4F2P)

(4F3P)

2015

THEN

NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 12, and
VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT equal
0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 80-83, 88,
89, and VEHICLE TRAILING does
NOT equal 0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 42, 73, and
VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT equal
0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 60-65, 71,
72, 79, and VEHICLE TRAILING does
NOT equal 0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 66, and
VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT equal
0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 91, and
VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT equal
0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 90, and
VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT equal
0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 99, and
VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT equal
0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is less
than 97, and BODY TYPE equals
01-05, 07-10, 13, 17, 80-83, 88-90,
91-95, 97, and VEHICLE TRAILING
equals 0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is less
than 97, and BODY TYPE equals 06,
11, and VEHICLE TRAILING equals
0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 12, and
VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0,

NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be
greater than 25.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be
greater than 5.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be
greater than 30.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be
greater than 55.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be
greater than 77.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be
greater than 10.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be
greater than 20.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be
greater than 10.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be
greater than 15.

NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be
greater than 22.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be
greater than 25.

373

V14
IF
(4F4P)

NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 80-83, 88,
89, and VEHICLE TRAILING equals
0,
(4F5P) NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 15, 16, 42,
73, and VEHICLE TRAILING equals
0,
(4F6P) NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 60-65,
71, 72, 79, and VEHICLE TRAILING
equals 0,
(4F7P) NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 66, and
VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0,
(4F8P) NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 91, and
VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0,
(4F9P) NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 90, and
VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0,
(4F9Q) NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is less
than 97, and BODY TYPE equals 06,
11, 12, 14-16, 19, and VEHICLE
TRAILING equals 0,
(4F0P) NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 99, and
VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0,
(4R0P) SEATING POSITION equals 54,
(5B0P) JACKKNIFE equals 0 and BODY
TYPE equals 66,
(5B0Q) JACKKNIFE equals 0,
(AD0P) VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals
04, 06-08,
(AE0P) VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals
05, and CARGO BODY TYPE does
not equal 12,
(AL1P) SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals 51,
62, 70,
(CI0P) VEHICLE TRAILING equals 1-4,
(V020) VEHICLE TRAILING equals 1,

374

THEN
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be
greater than 5.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be
greater than 30.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be
greater than 55.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be
greater than 50.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be
greater than 10.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be
greater than 20.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not
be greater than 15.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be
greater than 10.
VEHICLE TRAILING must not equal 0.
VEHICLE TRAILING must not equal 1-4.
VEHICLE TRAILING must equal 0, 5, 6
or 9.
VEHICLE TRAILING must not equal 0.
VEHICLE TRAILING must equal 0.
VEHICLE TRAILING must not equal 0.
JACKKNIFE must not equal 0.
BODY TYPE should not equal 50-52, 55,
80-83, 88-91.

2015

V14
IF
(V170)

(V180)

(V190)
(V200)

(V210)

(V220)

(V230)
(V240)
(V250)
(V260)
(V340)

2015

NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is less
than 97, and VEHICLE TRAILING
equals 0, and BODY TYPE equals
01-05, 07-09, 14, 15, 17, 19, 94, 95,
97,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is less
than 97, and VEHICLE TRAILING
equals 0, and BODY TYPE equals 06,
11,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0,
and BODY TYPE equals 12,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0,
and BODY TYPE equals 80-83,
88, 89,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0,
and BODY TYPE equals 15, 16, 42,
73,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0,
and BODY TYPE equals 60-65,
71, 72, 79,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0,
and BODY TYPE equals 66,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0,
and BODY TYPE equals 91,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0,
and BODY TYPE equals 90,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is, 01-96,
and VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0,
and BODY TYPE equals 99,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 01-05,
07-09, 14, 15, 17, 19, 97, and
VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT equal
0,

THEN
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not
be greater than 8.

375

V14
IF
(V350)

(V360)

(V370)

(V380)

(V390)

(V400)

(V410)

(V420)

(V430)

(V59P)
(V60P)
(V61P)
(V68P)

376

NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 06, 11, 16,
and VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT
equal 0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 12, and
VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT equal
0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 80-83,
88, 89, and VEHICLE TRAILING does
NOT equal 0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 42, 73, and
VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT equal
0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 60-65, 71,
72, 79, and VEHICLE TRAILING does
NOT equal 0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 66, and
VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT equal
0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is less
than 01-96, and BODY TYPE equals
91, and VEHICLE TRAILING does
NOT equal 0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 90, and
VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT equal
0,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96,
and BODY TYPE equals 98, 99, and
VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT equal
0,
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals
06,
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals
07,
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals
08,
CARGO BODY TYPE equals 12,

THEN
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not
be greater than 12.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not
be greater than 15.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not
be greater than 02.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not
be greater than 12.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not
be greater than 12.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not
be greater than 5.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not
be greater than 2.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not
be greater than 8.
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not
be greater than 5.
BODY TYPE must equal 66, and
VEHICLE TRAILING must equal 1.
BODY TYPE must equal 66, and
VEHICLE TRAILING must equal 2.
BODY TYPE must equal 66, and
VEHICLE TRAILING must equal 3.
VEHICLE TRAILING must equal 5.

2015

V14
IF
(V810)

BODY TYPE equals 67, and
VEHICLE TRAILING equals 1-4,

(V915)

BODY TYPE equals 67, and
VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0,

(V983)

VEHICLE TRAILING equals 3,

(V984)
(V985)

STATE does not equal 04, 08, 16, 18,
20, 30-32, 38-41, 46, 49,
VEHICLE TRAILING equals 5,

(V991)

VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0,

(V992)

VEHICLE TRAILING equals 1,

(V993)

VEHICLE TRAILING equals 2,

(V994)

VEHICLE TRAILING equals 3,

(V995)

VEHICLE TRAILING equals 4,

(V997)

VEHICLE TRAILING equals 6,

(V998)

VEHICLE TRAILING equals 9,

THEN
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should
equal 04, and CARGO BODY TYPE
should equal 01, 03, 04, 09.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should
equal 01, and CARGO BODY TYPE
should equal 97.
STATE should equal 04, 08, 16, 18, 20,
30-32, 38-41, 46, 49.
VEHICLE TRAILING should not equal 3.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should not
equal 00, 10, 19-21.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION must not
equal 04, 06-08.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION must not
equal 01, 02, 05, 07 or 08.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION must not
equal 01, 02, 05, 06 or 08.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION must not
equal 01, 02, 05-07.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION must not
equal 01, 02, 05-08.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION must not
equal 04, 06-08.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION must not
equal 04-07 or 08.

Consistency Check (GES Only):
IF
(V986)

VEHICLE TRAILING equals 3,

THEN
PSU should equal 29, 30, 31, 64, 73, 74,
75, 76, 77, 78, 94.

Consistency Check (FARS Only):
IF
(V16P) RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER
LEVEL equals 88,

2015

THEN
VEHICLE TRAILING must not equal 0,
9.

377

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378

2015

V15

JACKKNIFE
FORMAT: 1 numeric
SAS NAME: Vehicle.J_KNIFE
ELEMENT VALUES:
0
1
2
3

Not an Articulated Vehicle
No
Yes - First Event
Yes - Subsequent Event

Definition: This element identifies if this vehicle experienced a "jackknife" anytime during the
unstabilized situation.
Remarks:
Jackknife can occur at any time during the crash sequence. This element is applicable for all
power unit/trailing unit combinations (e.g., truck tractor or single-unit truck with one or more
trailers, articulated bus, car pulling a boat on a trailer, light utility vehicle/trailing unit
combination, etc.).
Jackknife applies to a condition that occurs to an articulated vehicle, any vehicle with a trailing
unit connected by a hitch (fixed linkage) while in motion. A jackknife occurs when there is an
uncontrolled articulation between the power unit and the trailing unit in which the trailing unit
does not follow directly behind the power unit (tracking), and the driver did not initiate the nontracking situation. The condition reflects a loss of control of the vehicle by the driver in which
the trailing units’ normal straight-line path behind the power unit is not maintained.
If the final resting configuration of the vehicle in the PAR diagram is in a jackknife position, it
does not necessarily mean that the vehicle has jackknifed. Turning and backing are examples
of driver initiated non-tracking controlled articulation and are not coded as a jackknife.
In the case materials, the terms “tractor jackknife” or “trailer swing” may be used to describe
particular incidences of uncontrolled articulation. Either incident shall be coded as Jackknife.
Jackknife is not likely to be a harmful event but may be part of an unstabilized condition just
before the first harmful event.
0 (Not an Articulated Vehicle) is used when this vehicle is not a vehicle-trailing unit
combination. This attribute can also be used when coding a hit-and-run vehicle when there is
not an indication in the case materials that the hit and run vehicle had a trailer.

2015

379

V15
1 (No) is used when no uncontrolled articulation was reported between a vehicle and a trailing
unit.
2 (Yes - First Event) is used when an uncontrolled articulation was reported as occurring
before or as part of the first injury or damage producing event for this vehicle.
3 (Yes - Subsequent Event) is used when an uncontrolled articulation occurs after the first
injury or damage producing event for this vehicle.
*Note: In 2011 GES adopted the FARS element format. Prior to 2011 the GES Jackknife data
element contained two attributes. Those attributes were 0 (No Jackknife Noted on the PAR)
and 1 (Jackknife Occurred).
Consistency Checks:
IF
(2B0P)

JACKKNIFE equals 1-3,

THEN

(3B0P)
(5B0P)

VEHICLE TRAILING must not equal 0,
9.
TRAVEL SPEED must not equal 000.
VEHICLE TRAILING must not equal 1-4.

(7B0F)
(AK00)
(AL8P)

VEHICLE TRAILING must equal 0, 5, 6
or 9.
DRIVER PRESENCE must equal 1.
JACKKNIFE should equal 0.
JACKKNIFE must equal 2, 3.

JACKKNIFE equals 2, 3,
JACKKNIFE equals 0 and BODY
TYPE equals 66,
(5B0Q) JACKKNIFE equals 0,

(CI0P)
(V538)

JACKKNIFE equals 2, 3,
CARGO BODY TYPE equals 22, 96,
SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals 51,
70,
VEHICLE TRAILING equals 1-4,
JACKKNIFE equals 2,

(VH70)

UNIT TYPE equals 2-4,

380

JACKKNIFE must not equal 0.
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT)
must not equal 04, 05, 07-09 or 13 for
this vehicle.
elements V15, V24, V31 must all be left
blank.

2015

V16

MOTOR CARRIER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER
FORMAT: 1 set 2 numeric, 1 set 9 alphanumeric
SAS NAME: Vehicle.MCARR_ID, parkwork.PMCARR_ID, Vehicle.MCARR_I1;
parkwork.PMCARR_I1, Vehicle.MCARR_I2; parkwork.PMCARR_I2
ELEMENT VALUES:
00
01-56
57
58
95
96
88
77
99

0s
8s
7s
9s

Issuing Authority:
Not Applicable
State Code
US DOT
MC/MX (ICC)
Canada
Mexico
None
Not Reported
Unknown
Identification Number:
Actual Number
Not Applicable
None
Not Reported
Unknown

Definition: This element records the issuing authority and motor carrier identification number
if applicable to this vehicle.
Remarks:
The Motor Carrier Identification Number is recorded on the Truck Supplement or PAR next to
the appropriate Source (Issuing Authority.) This information should be available on your Police
Accident Report (PAR) or Truck and Bus Supplement with other elements required by the
Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA). You should expect to find motor carrier
identification numbers for the following qualifying vehicles:
1. Light trucks pulling a trailer with gross combination weight rating (GCWR) greater
than 10,000 lbs.
2. Medium/Heavy Trucks: vehicles with GVWR greater than 10,000 lbs.
3. Buses with 9 or more seats (including the driver).
4. Light Trucks, Vans and Passenger Vehicles displaying a hazardous materials
placard.

2015

381

V16
Federal regulations require that almost all commercial trucks/buses operating across state
lines that meet the above criteria (i.e., interstate) have Identification Numbers except those
hauling “exempt” commodities (such as unprocessed agricultural products). This will be a US
DOT or MC/MX (ICC) Number. Some states issue “Intrastate” motor carriers a state number
that can also be recorded here.
Identification Number should be left justified. If less than 9 characters, left-justify and do
not zero-fill.
Examples of Left-Justified Coding of Identification Number
Supplement/PAR

Coding

Note: Many carriers will have a US DOT or MC/MX (ICC) Number plus a State Number.
HIERARCHY: When Identification Numbers are available from more than one Source (Issuing
Authority), it is most important to code the US DOT number then the MC/MX (ICC) number if
one is available. It is next most important to code the Mexican or Canadian issued number.
Finally, State-issued numbers should be coded.
57 (US DOT NUMBERS): US DOT is used in “Issuing Authority” if a US DOT Number or a
State Number and US DOT Number are recorded on the PAR or Supplement. Enter the US
DOT Number in “Identification Number.”


US DOT Numbers are in the process of being assigned to Intrastate motor carriers in a
number of states. These should include the issuing state’s two-character abbreviation
on the end; e.g., US DOT 123456XX (where “XX” is the State abbreviation). See
example of proper coding in diagram above.

58 (MC/MX (ICC) NUMBERS): MC/MX (ICC) is used in “Issuing Authority” if an MC/MX (ICC)
Number or a State Number and an MC/MX (ICC) Number are recorded on the PAR or
Supplement. Enter the MC/MX (ICC) Number in “Identification Number.”
STATE NUMBERS: If only a State Number is recorded on the PAR or Supplement, then code
the appropriate FARS State Code in “Issuing Authority” and enter the State Number in
“Identification Number.”
382

2015

V16

State Numbers are issued by a public utility commission, a public service commission, or some
other state agency, to vehicles that operate either in interstate commerce or only within that
state. However, some states do not regulate the motor carrier industry. Trucks and buses that
operate strictly within such states (i.e., intrastate) may not have numbers.
CANADIAN/MEXICAN NUMBERS: Use attributes “95” or “96” in “Issuing Authority” if a
Canadian or Mexican authority (respectively) has issued the only Carrier Identification Number
recorded on the PAR or Supplement.
00/0s (Not Applicable) would apply when you would never expect this style of vehicle to have
a Motor Carrier ID number (cars, motor homes, etc.). This vehicle would not appear on a truck
supplement (supplemental truck elements on the PAR would be coded N/A).
88/8s (None) should be used when:
 you could expect this type of vehicle to have an ID Number, but it is exempt because of
its use or activity at the time of the crash (e.g. construction trucks or equipment);
 this type of vehicle often does have a number (but vehicle is operated strictly intrastate
and activity not regulated); or
 the PAR/supplement states “No Number.”
Note: In some states, school buses are exempt from requiring a Motor Carrier ID Number
99/9s (Unknown) is used if the investigating officer reported the motor carrier identification
number as unknown or when the body type of the vehicle is unknown.
Example:
 An unidentified hit-and-run vehicle.
77/7s (Not Reported)
If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable,
then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”.
Code 77/7s (Not Reported) in these two situations:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the information
to code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials)
2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case
materials).
Note: For this element, Not Reported is used when you could expect this type of vehicle to
have a Motor Carrier ID Number, but:

2015

the PAR or truck supplement leaves the field blank; or
383

V16


you don’t have a supplement or a field on the PAR (no further information given).

FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION:
If your state uses separate Truck/Bus Supplements, you should seek help to get routine
access to them, just as with your state’s PAR. Your state’s SAFETYNET representative may
be able to provide a Motor Carrier Identification Number.
GES SPECIAL INSTRUCTION:
Issuing Authority and 8s (None) under Identification Number are new to GES in 2011.
Consistency Checks:
IF

THEN

(4N1P)

VEHICLE CONFIGURATION does not MOTOR CARRIER IDENTIFICATION
equal 00,
NUMBER must not equal
00-000000000.
(4N2P) MOTOR CARRIER IDENTIFICATION VEHICLE CONFIGURATION must equal
00.
NUMBER equals 00-000000000,
(4N3P) MOTOR CARRIER IDENTIFICATION MOTOR CARRIER IDENTIFICATION
NUMBER (Issuing Authority) must equal
NUMBER (Identification Number)
00.
equals 000000000,
(4N4P) MOTOR CARRIER IDENTIFICATION BODY TYPE must equal 21, 28, 31, 40,
45, 48-52, 55, 58-64, 66, 67, 71, 72, 78,
NUMBER does not equal
79, 92, 93, 99, or HM2 must equal 2.
00-000000000,
MOTOR CARRIER IDENTIFICATION
(4N5P) BODY TYPE does not equal 21, 28,
NUMBER must equal 00-000000000,
31, 40, 45, 48-52, 55, 58-64, 66, 67,
99-999999999.
71, 72, 78, 92, 93, or HM2 does not
equal 2,
(4N6P) MOTOR CARRIER IDENTIFICATION BODY TYPE should equal 28, 45, 48-52,
NUMBER equals 77-777777777,
55, 58-64, 66, 67, 71, 72, 78, 93, or HM1
should equal 2.
(4N7P) MOTOR CARRIER IDENTIFICATION MOTOR CARRIER IDENTIFICATION
NUMBER (Identification Number)
NUMBER (Issuing Authority) should be
equals 888888888 or 777777777 or
filled respectively as 88 or 77 or 99.
999999999,
(4NAP) MOTOR CARRIER IDENTIFICATION MOTOR CARRIER IDENTIFICATION
NUMBER (Issuing Authority) equals
NUMBER (Identification Number) should
01-58, 95, 96,
not equal 888888888, 777777777,
999999997, 999999999.
(4NBP) MOTOR CARRIER IDENTIFICATION MOTOR CARRIER IDENTIFICATION
NUMBER (Issuing Authority) equals
NUMBER (Identification Number) must
01-58, 95, 96
not equal 000000000.

384

2015

V16
IF

THEN

(4NCP) MOTOR CARRIER IDENTIFICATION
NUMBER ( Issuing Authority) is 00 or
77 or 88 or 99,
(U680)
(V980)
(V981)
(V982)

2015

MOTOR CARRIER IDENTIFICATION
NUMBER (Identification Number) must
be filled respectively as 000000000 or
777777777 or 88888888 or 999999999.
UNLIKELY: MOTOR CARRIER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (Identification
Number) equals 999999997.
BODY TYPE equals 50-52, 55, 58-64, MOTOR CARRIER IDENTIFICATION
66, 67, 71, 72, 78, 93, or HM1 equals NUMBER must not equal
2,
00-000000000.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals
MOTOR CARRIER IDENTIFICATION
00,
NUMBER should equal 00-000000000.
MOTOR CARRIER IDENTIFICATION VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should not
NUMBER does not equal
equal 00.
00-000000000,

385

THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

386

2015

V17

GROSS VEHICLE WEIGHT RATING/
GROSS COMBINATION WEIGHT RATING
FORMAT: 1 numeric
SAS NAME: Vehicle.GVWR, parkwork.PGVWR
ELEMENT VALUES:
0
1
2
3
8
9

Not Applicable
10,000 lbs. or less
10,001 lbs. - 26,000 lbs.
26,001 lbs. or more
Not Reported
Unknown

Definition: This element identifies the gross vehicle weight rating of this vehicle when
applicable.
Remarks:
Record the applicable weight range for a single vehicle’s Gross Vehicle Weight Rating
(GVWR) or combination vehicle’s Gross Combination Weight Rating (GCWR).
It may appear as a numeric value or as a range of values like those displayed above. This
information should be available on your Police Accident Report (PAR) or Truck and Bus
Supplement with other elements required by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration
(FMCSA).
Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) is the value specified by the manufacturer as the
recommended maximum loaded weight of a single motor vehicle.
Gross Combination Weight Rating (GCWR) is the value specified by the manufacturer(s) as
the recommended maximum loaded weight of a combination (articulated) motor vehicle. This is
for truck tractors and single-unit trucks pulling a trailer(s). GCWR is the sum of the gross
vehicle weight ratings (GVWR) of all units, power unit and its trailer(s).
For Truck/Trailer Combinations: If your state records the GVWR of the power unit and trailer(s)
in separate fields, be sure to add together the GVWRs of all the units when recording this
element.
0 (Not Applicable) should be used for vehicles 10,000 lbs. or less, not displaying a hazardous
materials placard, for buses less than 9 seats (including driver), and for all motor homes.

2015

387

V17
1 (10,000 lbs. or less) should be used for passenger cars and light trucks with 10,000 lbs. or
less GVWR/GCWR when displaying a hazardous materials placard or for buses with 9 or more
seats (including driver) with 10,000 lbs. GVWR or less.
8 (Not Reported)
If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable,
then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”.
Code 8 (Not Reported) in these two situations:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the information
to code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials)
2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case
materials).
9 (Unknown) should be used when GVWR/GCWR information is reported as “Unknown” on
your PAR or Truck/Bus Supplement and the VIN Decoder is unable to return a value.
PROCEDURE FOR VERIFICATION OF GVWR/GCWR RANGE:
The MDE provides VIN Decoder values for GVWR. This information is available under the
Vehicle Information tab.
NOTE: The VIN decoding only provides the GVWR of a single vehicle or the GVWR of the
power unit in a combination unit motor vehicle.


For Truck / Trailer Combinations:
1. If the VIN return fits within the range provided on the PAR or Truck and Bus supplement,
use that value.
2. If the VIN return falls below the range provided on the PAR or Truck and Bus Supplement,
use the value provided on the crash report to account for the addition of the trailer’s
GVWR.



If GVWR/GCWR information is unavailable or not reported on your PAR or Truck/Bus
Supplement, and you have a valid VIN utilize the information on the power unit provided by
the VIN Decoder to code this element.

388

2015

V17
COMPARISON OF THE VIN DECODER AND CODES FOR
GVWR/GCWR
THE VIN DECODER (trucks only)
FARS/GES CODES
0 – Not Applicable
6,000 lbs. or less
1 – 10,000 lbs. and less
6,001 – 10,000 lbs.
10,001 – 14,000 lbs.
2 – 10,001 – 26,000 lbs.
14,001 – 16,000 lbs.
16,001 – 19,500 lbs.
19,501 – 26,000 lbs.
26,001 – 33,000 lbs.
3 – 26,001 lbs. or more
33,001 lbs. or more
Unknown
9 – Unknown
NOTE:
This element is new to GES in 2011.
In FARS, prior to 2007, only the power unit was considered in recording the element Gross
Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR). Starting in 2007, the element was modified to allow Gross
Combination Weight Rating (GCWR) to be recorded for combination vehicles to match the
nationally accepted reporting criteria for this element (FMCSA’s SAFETYNET and MMUCC).
Use of GCWR instead of GVWR will only impact these vehicles:
1. Light trucks, 10,000 lbs. or less, pulling trailers (truck/trailers) (greater than 10,000 lbs.
GCWR)
2. Single-unit trucks, less than 26,000 lbs., pulling trailers (truck/trailers) (greater than 26,000
lbs. GCWR)
Consistency Checks:
IF
(U490)
(V502)
(V503)
(V504)
(V505)
(V506)
2015

THEN

UNLIKELY: GVWR/GVCR equals 8 and VEHICLE MODEL YEAR is greater than
1980 and not equal to 9998 or 9999 and VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER
does not equal 0’s, 8’s or 9’s.
GVWR/GCWR equals 0, and HM1
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION and
equals 1,
CARGO BODY TYPE must equal 00.
GVWR/GCWR equals 1,
HM2 should equal 2, or VEHICLE
CONFIGURATION should equal 20.
GVWR/GCWR equals 1,
BODY TYPE should equal 01-22, 28-39,
41-49.
GVWR/GCWR equals 9,
BODY TYPE should not equal 61-63, 66,
67.
BODY TYPE equals 60,
GVWR/GCWR should equal 2.
389

V17
IF
(V507)
(V50P)
(V51P)
(V532)
(V540)
(V62P)

(V64P)
(V65P)
(VA70)

390

BODY TYPE equals 01-21, 28-30,
32-39, 45-49,
BODY TYPE equals 61, 62, 67, 71,
and VEHICLE CONFIGURATION
does not equal 04,
BODY TYPE equals 63, 66, 72,
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals
01, 02, 04-08, 19, 21,
BODY TYPE equals 42, 65, 73, and
HM1 equals 1,
CARGO BODY TYPE equals 01-12,
97-98, and VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER does not equal Not
Reported or Unknown,
BODY TYPE equals 50-59, 60-64,
66-72, 78,
GVWR/GCWR equals 2, 3,
GVWR/GCWR equals 1, and HM2
equals 2,

THEN
GVWR/GCWR should equal 0, 1.
GVWR/GCWR must equal 2, 9. (See
GVWR/GCWR Remarks on how to use
VIN Decoder to determine GVWR.)
GVWR/GCWR must equal 3. (See
GVWR/GCWR Remarks on how to use
VIN Decoder to determine GVWR.)
GVWR/GCWR should not equal 0 or 1.
GVWR/GCWR should equal 0.
GVWR/GCWR must equal 2, 3.

GVWR/GCWR must not equal 0, 1.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION must not
equal 00, and CARGO BODY TYPE
must not equal 00.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION must equal
10.

2015

V18

VEHICLE CONFIGURATION
FORMAT: 2 numeric
SAS NAME: Vehicle.V_Config, Parkwork.PV_Config
ELEMENT VALUES:
00
10
01
02
04
05
06
07
08
19
20
21
99

Not Applicable
Vehicle 10,000 pounds or less placarded for hazardous materials
Single-Unit Truck (2-axle and GVWR more than 10,000 lbs.)
Single-Unit Truck (3 or more axles)
Truck Pulling Trailer(s)
Truck Tractor (Bobtail)
Truck Tractor/Semi-Trailer
Truck Tractor/Double
Truck Tractor/Triple
Truck More Than 10,000 lbs., Cannot Classify
Bus/Large Van (seats for 9-15 occupants, including driver)
Bus (seats for more than 15 occupants, including driver)
Unknown

Definition: This element identifies the general configuration of this vehicle when applicable.
Remarks:
This information should be available on your PAR or Truck and Bus Supplement with other
elements required by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA).
In some states, the data element “Vehicle Configuration” or its attributes may appear under
another title, such as: Unit Type, Vehicle Type, Type of Unit, etc. In many states, Vehicle
Configuration is recorded for all vehicles. However, in our data systems, only code Vehicle
Configurations for the following qualifying vehicles:
1. Light trucks pulling a trailer with gross combination weight rating (GCWR) greater
than 10,000 lbs.
2. Medium/Heavy Trucks: vehicles with GVWR greater than 10,000 lbs.
3. Buses with 9 or more seats (including the driver).
4. Light Trucks, Vans and Passenger Vehicles displaying a hazardous materials
placard.
If Vehicle Configuration is coded “01-99,” Cargo Body Type should be coded “01-99.”

2015

391

V18
00 (Not Applicable) is used for automobiles, motorcycles, passenger vans (with less than 9
seats, including driver) and single-unit light trucks or cargo vans (10,000 lbs. or less GVWR),
not carrying hazardous cargo.
A light truck carrying hazardous cargo is coded 10 (Vehicle 10,000 Pounds or Less
Placarded for Hazardous Materials). When vehicles in this category are not displaying a
hazardous materials placard, use 00 (Not Applicable).
01 (Single-Unit Truck [2-axle and GVWR more than 10,000 lbs.]) is a power unit that
includes a permanently mounted cargo body (also called a straight truck) that has only two
axles and a GVWR of over 10,000 lbs. This also includes a single-unit truck towing other
vehicles where the towed vehicle has at least two wheels on the ground. (See Cargo Body
Type attribute 12 (Vehicle Towing Another Motor Vehicle)).
02 (Single-Unit Truck [3 or more axles]) is a power unit that includes a permanently
mounted cargo body (also called a straight truck) that has three or more axles. When counting
axles on a single-unit truck, include raised axles. This also includes a single-unit truck towing
other vehicles where the towed vehicle has at least two wheels on the ground. (See Cargo
Body Type attribute 12 (Vehicle Towing Another Motor Vehicle)).
04 (Truck Pulling Trailer [s]) is used for single-unit trucks pulling a trailer.
05 (Truck Tractor [Bobtail]) is a motor vehicle consisting of a single motorized transport
device designed primarily for pulling semi-trailers (e.g., cab only). These vehicles are
sometimes referred to as a “bobtail.” This also includes truck tractors towing other truck
tractors in a saddlemount towing position, or towing other vehicles where the towed vehicle
has at least two wheels on the ground. (See Cargo Body Type attribute 12 (Vehicle Towing
Another Motor Vehicle)).
06 (Truck Tractor/Semi-Trailer) is used for truck tractors with one trailer. This attribute should
not be used for single-unit trucks pulling a trailer.
FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION:
NOTE: This attribute was used for truck tractors with any number of trailers before
2001.
07 (Truck Tractor/Double) is used for tractor pulling two trailers.
08 (Truck Tractor/Triple) is used for tractor pulling three trailers.
19 (Truck More Than 10,000 lbs, Cannot Classify) is used when you know the vehicle meets
the definition of a medium/heavy truck by GVWR/GCWR, but you cannot select from the
above attributes. An example is a vehicle with one trailer, but it is unknown whether it is a
tractor-trailer or a single-unit truck pulling a trailer. Other examples would include
construction vehicles such as a bulldozer, crane, backhoe, etc.

392

2015

V18
20 (Bus/Large Van [seats for 9-15 people, including driver]) is used for smaller van-based
buses (less than 16 seats, including driver). Examples include commuter vans and van-based
school buses.
21 (Bus [seats for more than 15 occupants, including driver]). A van-based bus qualifies
for this attribute if it is configured to include enough seats. A CDL is required for the driver of
this bus.
99 (Unknown) is used if the investigating officer indicates that the vehicle configuration is
unknown or when the body type of the vehicle is unknown. For example, an unidentified hitand-run vehicle would be coded as 99 (Unknown).
Consistency Checks:
IF
(4N1P)
(4N2P)
(AB1P)
(AD0P)
(AE0P)
(AE1P)
(AF1P)
(AF2P)
(AH0P)

(D280)
(D450)
(V46P)

2015

THEN

VEHICLE CONFIGURATION does not MOTOR CARRIER IDENTIFICATION
equal 00,
NUMBER must not equal
00-000000000.
MOTOR CARRIER IDENTIFICATION VEHICLE CONFIGURATION must equal
NUMBER equals 00-000000000,
00.
CARGO BODY TYPE must NOT equal
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals
22.
01,
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals
VEHICLE TRAILING must not equal 0.
04, 06-08,
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals
VEHICLE TRAILING must equal 0.
05 and CARGO BODY TYPE does
not equal 12,
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals
BODY TYPE must equal 66.
05-08,
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals
CARGO BODY TYPE must equal 22.
20,
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals
BODY TYPE must equal 20, 21, 50-52,
20, 21,
55, 58, 59.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION does not BODY TYPE should equal 15, 16, 21,
equal 00, 99,
28, 31, 40, 41, 45, 48-52, 55, 58-64, 66,
67, 71, 72, 78, 92, 93, or HM2 must
equal 2.
COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals
LICENSE STATUS should not equal 00.
05-08, 21, or HM1 equals 2,
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should not
COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE
equal 05-08, 21, and HM2 should not
LICENSE STATUS equals 00,
equal 2.
BODY TYPE must equal 21, 50-52, 55,
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals
58, 59.
21,

393

V18
IF
(V470)
(V47P)
(V502)
(V503)
(V50P)
(V531)
(V532)

VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals
01,
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals
21,
GVWR/GCWR equals 0, and HM1
equals 1,
GVWR/GCWR equals 1,
BODY TYPE equals 61, 62, 67, 71,
and VEHICLE CONFIGURATION
does not equal 04,
BUS USE equals 01, 04-07, 98,

(V65P)

VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals
01, 02, 04-08, 19, 21,
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals
10,
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals
05,
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals
04,
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals
06,
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals
07,
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals
08,
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION does not
equal 00, 99,
GVWR/GCWR equals 2, 3,

(V790)

BODY TYPE equals 20,

(V800)

BODY TYPE equals 21, 22, 28, 29,

(V810)

BODY TYPE equals 67, and
VEHICLE TRAILING equals 1-4,

(V56P)
(V57P)
(V58P)
(V59P)
(V60P)
(V61P)
(V640)

394

THEN
CARGO BODY TYPE should be 01-05,
07, 12, 96-98.
CARGO BODY TYPE must equal 22.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION and
CARGO BODY TYPE must equal 00.
HM2 should equal 2, or VEHICLE
CONFIGURATION should equal 20.
GVWR/GCWR must equal 2, 9. (See
GVWR/GCWR Remarks on how to use
VIN Decoder to determine GVWR.)
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should
equal 20, 21, and CARGO BODY TYPE
should equal 22.
GVWR/GCWR should not equal 0 or 1.
BODY TYPE must equal 01-22, 28-49.
CARGO BODY TYPE must equal 12,
96, and BODY TYPE must equal 66.
BODY TYPE must not equal 66.
BODY TYPE must equal 66, and
VEHICLE TRAILING must equal 1.
BODY TYPE must equal 66, and
VEHICLE TRAILING must equal 2.
BODY TYPE must equal 66, and
VEHICLE TRAILING must equal 3.
BODY TYPE should not equal 28, 30,
42, 45, 48, 49.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION must not
equal 00 and CARGO BODY TYPE
must not equal 00.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION
should equal 00, and CARGO BODY
TYPE should equal 00.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should
equal 00, 04, 10, 20, 21, 99, and
CARGO BODY TYPE should equal 00,
01, 22, 99.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should
equal 04, and CARGO BODY TYPE
should equal 01, 03, 04, 09.

2015

V18
IF
(V840)

BODY TYPE equals 50-59,

(V850)

BODY TYPE equals 60,

(V860)

HIT-AND-RUN equals 0, and BODY
TYPE equals 61-64,

(V870)

BODY TYPE equals 65,

(V880)

HIT-AND-RUN equals 0, and BODY
TYPE equals 66,

(V890)

BODY TYPE equals 71, 72,

(V900)

BODY TYPE equals 73,

(V910)

BODY TYPE equals 78,

(V915)

BODY TYPE equals 67, and
VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0,

(V920)

BODY TYPE equals 79,

(V930)

VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals
00, or CARGO BODY TYPE equals
00,
HM1 equals 2,

(V940)
(V981)
(V982)
(V985)

2015

VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals
00,
MOTOR CARRIER IDENTIFICATION
NUMBER does not equal 00000000000,
VEHICLE TRAILING equals 5,

THEN
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should
equal 21, and CARGO BODY TYPE
should equal 22.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should
equal 01, 03, 04, and CARGO BODY
TYPE should equal 01.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should
equal 01, 02, 04, and CARGO BODY
TYPE should equal 01-10, 12, 96-98.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should
equal 00, and CARGO BODY TYPE
should equal 00.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should
equal 05-08, 19, and CARGO BODY
TYPE should equal 01-04, 06-12, 96-98.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should
equal 19, and CARGO BODY TYPE
should equal 01-04, 08, 10, 96-98.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should
equal 00, and CARGO BODY TYPE
should equal 00.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should
equal 19, and CARGO BODY TYPE
should equal 98.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should
equal 01, and CARGO BODY TYPE
should equal 97.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should
equal 99, and CARGO BODY TYPE
should equal 99.
BODY TYPE should not equal 50-64,
66-72, 78, 79.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should not
equal 00, 99 and CARGO BODY TYPE
should not equal 00, 99.
MOTOR CARRIER IDENTIFICATION
NUMBER should equal 00-000000000.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should not
equal 00.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should not
equal 00, 10, 19-21.

395

V18
IF
(V991)

VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0,

(V992)

VEHICLE TRAILING equals 1,

(V993)

VEHICLE TRAILING equals 2,

(V994)

VEHICLE TRAILING equals 3,

(V995)

VEHICLE TRAILING equals 4,

(V997)

VEHICLE TRAILING equals 6,

(V998)

VEHICLE TRAILING equals 9,

(VA70)

GVWR/GCWR equals 1, and HM2
equals 2,
UNIT TYPE equals 4,

(VH75)

396

THEN
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION must not
equal 04, 06-08.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION must not
equal 01, 02, 05, 07 or 08.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION must not
equal 01, 02, 05, 06 or 08.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION must not
equal 01, 02, 05-07.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION must not
equal 01, 02, 05-08.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION must not
equal 04, 06-08.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION must not
equal 04-07 or 08.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION must equal
10.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should not
equal 05, 20, 21, 10.

2015

V19

CARGO BODY TYPE
FORMAT: 2 numeric
SAS NAME: Vehicle.CARGO_BT, Parkwork.PCARGTYP
ELEMENT VALUES:
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
22
96
97
98
99

Not Applicable (N/A)
Van/Enclosed Box
Cargo Tank
Flatbed
Dump
Concrete Mixer
Auto Transporter
Garbage/Refuse
Grain/Chips/Gravel
Pole-Trailer
Log
Intermodal Container Chassis
Vehicle Towing Another Motor Vehicle
Bus
No Cargo Body Type
Other
Unknown Cargo Body Type
Unknown

Definition: This element identifies the primary cargo carrying capability of this vehicle when
applicable.
Remarks:
This information should be available on the PAR or Truck and Bus Supplement with other
elements required by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA).
You should expect to find cargo body types for the following qualifying vehicles:
1. Light trucks pulling a trailer with gross combination weight rating (GCWR) greater than
10,000 lbs.
2. Medium/Heavy Trucks: vehicles with GVWR greater than 10,000 lbs.
3. Buses with 9 or more seats (including the driver).
4. Light Trucks, Vans and Passenger Vehicles displaying a hazardous materials placard.

2015

397

V19
00 (Not Applicable [N/A]) is used for automobiles, motorcycles, passenger vans (with less
than 9 seats, including driver) and single-unit small trucks or vans (10,000 lbs. or less GVWR),
not displaying hazardous material placard.
01 (Van/Enclosed Box) is used for all enclosed trailers and enclosed cargo vans.
03 (Flatbed) is used when the available information refers to a cargo body without sides or
roof, with or without readily removable stakes which may be tied together with chains/slats or
panels. This includes “stake trucks.”
04 (Dump) is used when the available information refers to a cargo body designed to be tilted
to discharge its load by gravity.
06 (Auto Transporter) is used when the available information refers to a cargo body capable
of transporting multiple, fully assembled automobiles on an “auto transporter” trailer. Do not
use this code for flatbeds transporting vehicles (e.g., flatbed tow truck, or flatbed semi-trailer
carrying wrecked/salvaged automobiles).
07 (Garbage/Refuse) is used when the available information refers to a cargo body that is
specifically designed to collect and transport garbage and refuse. This includes both
conventional rear-loading and over-the-top bucket loading garbage trucks. Also included are
recycle trucks and roll-off style garbage trucks.
08 (Grain/Chips/Gravel) is used when the available information refers to trucks that discharge
their loads by gravity from the bottom (i.e., belly dump).
09 (Pole-Trailer) is used when the available information refers to a cargo body type that
consists of a trailer designed to be attached to a towing vehicle by a reach or pole or by being
boomed and secured to the towing vehicle. These are ordinarily used to carry property of a
long or irregular shape, such as telephone poles. The pole trailer extends or retracts to
accommodate varying lengths of cargo.
10 (Log) is used when the available information refers to a cargo body type with a fixed middle
beam and side support posts specifically designed for carrying logs. This includes single-unit
log trucks.
09 (Pole-Trailer) and 10 (Log) may be listed on a PAR as “Pole/Log”. If the trailer can
telescope to carry different log lengths, then it should be considered a 09 (Pole-Trailer).
11 (Intermodal Container Chassis) is used when the available information refers to a cargo
body type used for a trailer specifically designed to have a rail or ship container mounted
directly on the chassis. These should not be confused with van/enclosed box cargo body
types. Intermodal containers may also be mounted on a flatbed trailer, in which case 03
(Flatbed) is the cargo body type.

398

2015

V19
12 (Vehicle Towing Another Motor Vehicle) is used when the available information refers to
vehicles that have no cargo carrying capability but are in the act of towing another motor
vehicle where the towed vehicle has at least two wheels on the ground. These are often called
“drive-away, tow-aways” and will be applicable to tow trucks and specially rigged truck tractors.
This includes “saddlemount” configurations. Does not apply to vehicles “towed” by being
loaded on a flatbed or auto transporter.
22 (Bus) is a motor vehicle with seating for transporting nine or more persons, including the
driver.
96 (No Cargo Body Type) is used for any medium heavy truck with no cargo carrying
capability (bobtail); a truck chassis with a cab only (stripped chassis); and light trucks and
passenger vehicles displaying a hazardous materials placard. Other examples of 96 (No
Cargo Body Type) would be Sign Trucks, Fire Trucks, Tow Trucks, Construction Vehicle,
etc.
97 (Other) is used when the cargo body type is other than the body types listed above. This
includes 2-axle, 6 tire pickups greater than 10,000 lb without a trailer. This does not include a
pickup pulling a trailer (truck/trailer). Use the Cargo Body Type of the attached trailer in these
situations. This attribute previously included “log trucks” which are now recorded under 10
(Log).
98 (Unknown Cargo Body Type) is used when the vehicle qualifies for this data element but
the cargo body type is not known or when there is not enough information to distinguish one
cargo body type from another. An example would be contradictory data on whether the truck
is a van/enclosed box or a flatbed.
99 (Unknown) is used when the investigating officer indicates it was unknown as to cargo
body type or when the body type of the vehicle is unknown. For example, an unidentified hitand-run vehicle.
NOTE: For truck/trailer vehicle configurations where the power unit and trailer have different
cargo body types, code the cargo body type of the power unit. For example, a dump truck
pulling a flatbed trailer should be coded as 04 (Dump).
For truck/trailer vehicle configurations where the power unit’s Cargo Body Type would be
coded 96 (No Cargo Body Type) or 97 (Other), code the cargo body of the trailer. For
example: a dual-rear-wheel pickup truck pulling a flatbed trailer should be coded as 03
(Flatbed).
FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION:
Prior to 2007, 12 (Vehicle Towing Another Motor Vehicle) was recorded as code “96 – No
Cargo Body”.

2015

399

V19
Consistency Checks:
IF
(AB1P)
(AE0P)
(AF1P)
(AK00)
(AL0P)

VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals
01,
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals
05, and CARGO BODY TYPE does
not equal 12,
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals
20,
CARGO BODY TYPE equals 22, 96,
CARGO BODY TYPE equals 22,

(AM0P) CARGO BODY TYPE does not equal
00, 99,
(V470)
(V47P)
(V502)
(V531)
(V57P)
(V62P)

(V65P)
(V660)

VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals
01,
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals
21,
GVWR/GCWR equals 0, and HM1
equals 1,
BUS USE equals 01, 04-07, 98,
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals
05,
CARGO BODY TYPE equals 01-12,
97-98, and VEHICLE
IDENTIFICATION NUMBER does not
equal Not Reported or Unknown,
GVWR/GCWR equals 2, 3,

(V68P)
(V790)

CARGO BODY TYPE does not equal
00, 99,
CARGO BODY TYPE equals 12,
BODY TYPE equals 20,

(V800)

BODY TYPE equals 21, 22, 28, 29,

400

THEN
CARGO BODY TYPE must NOT equal
22.
VEHICLE TRAILING must equal 0.
CARGO BODY TYPE must equal 22.
JACKKNIFE should equal 0.
BODY TYPE must equal 21, 50-52, 55,
58, 59.
BODY TYPE should equal 15, 16, 21,
28, 31, 40, 41, 45, 48-52, 55, 58-64,
66, 67, 71, 72, 78, 92, 93, or HM2 must
equal 2.
CARGO BODY TYPE should be 01-05,
07, 12, 96-98.
CARGO BODY TYPE must equal 22.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION and
CARGO BODY TYPE must equal 00.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should
equal 20, 21, and CARGO BODY TYPE
should equal 22.
CARGO BODY TYPE must equal 12,
96, and BODY TYPE must equal 66.
GVWR/GCWR must equal 2, 3.

VEHICLE CONFIGURATION must not
equal 00, and CARGO BODY TYPE
must not equal 00.
BODY TYPE should not equal 28, 30,
42, 45, 48, 49.
VEHICLE TRAILING must equal 5.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should
equal 00, and CARGO BODY TYPE
should equal 00.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should
equal 00, 04, 10, 20, 21, 99, and
CARGO BODY TYPE should equal
00, 01, 22, 99.

2015

V19
IF
(V810)

BODY TYPE equals 67, and
VEHICLE TRAILING equals 1-4,

(V840)

BODY TYPE equals 50-59,

(V850)

BODY TYPE equals 60,

(V860)

HIT-AND-RUN equals 0, and BODY
TYPE equals 61-64,

(V870)

BODY TYPE equals 65,

(V880)

HIT-AND-RUN equals 0, and BODY
TYPE equals 66,

(V890)

BODY TYPE equals 71, 72,

(V900)

BODY TYPE equals 73,

(V910)

BODY TYPE equals 78,

(V915)

BODY TYPE equals 67, and
VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0,

(V920)

BODY TYPE equals 79,

(V930)
(V940)

VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals
00, or CARGO BODY TYPE equals
00,
HM1 equals 2,

(VH80)

UNIT TYPE equals 4,

2015

THEN
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should
equal 04, and CARGO BODY TYPE
should equal 01, 03, 04, 09.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should
equal 21, and CARGO BODY TYPE
should equal 22.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should
equal 01, 03, 04, and CARGO BODY
TYPE should equal 01.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should
equal 01, 02, 04, and CARGO BODY
TYPE should equal 01-10, 12, 96-98.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should
equal 00, and CARGO BODY TYPE
should equal 00.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should
equal 05-08, 19, and CARGO BODY
TYPE should equal 01-04, 06-12, 96-98.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should
equal 19, and CARGO BODY TYPE
should equal 01-04, 08, 10, 96-98.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should
equal 00, and CARGO BODY TYPE
should equal 00.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should
equal 19, and CARGO BODY TYPE
should equal 98.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should
equal 01, and CARGO BODY TYPE
should equal 97.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should
equal 99, and CARGO BODY TYPE
should equal 99.
BODY TYPE should not equal 50-64,
66-72, 78, 79.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should not
equal 00, 99 and CARGO BODY TYPE
should not equal 00, 99.
CARGO BODY TYPE should not equal
06, 07, 11, 12, 22.

401

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402

2015

V20

HAZARDOUS MATERIALS INVOLVEMENT/PLACARD
FORMAT: 1 set, 1 numeric; 1 set, 1 numeric; 1 set, 4 numeric; 1 set, 2 numeric; 1 set, 1
numeric
SAS NAME: Vehicle.HAZ_INV, Vehicle.HAZ_PLAC, Vehicle.HAZ_ID, Vehicle.HAZ_CNO,
Vehicle.HAZ_REL, Parkwork.PHAZ_INV, Parkwork.PHAZPLAC, Parkwork.PHAZ_ID,
Parkwork.PHAZ_CNO, Parkwork.PHAZ_REL
ELEMENT VALUES:
1
2

HM1: Hazardous Materials Involvement
No
Yes

0
1
2
8

HM2: Placard (Did This Motor Vehicle Display a Hazardous Material (HM) Placard?)
Not Applicable
No
Yes
Not Reported

8888

HM3: 4-digit Hazardous Material Identification Number
Not Applicable
Actual 4-digit number except
Not Reported

00
01-09
88

HM4: 2-digit Hazardous Material Class Number
Not Applicable
Actual 1-digit number (with leading zero)
Not Reported

0000

0
1
2
8

HM5: Release of Hazardous Material from the Cargo Compartment
Not Applicable
No
Yes
Not Reported

Definition: This element identifies the presence of hazardous cargo for this vehicle and
records information about the hazardous cargo when present.
Remarks:
This element must be coded for all vehicles.

2015

403

V20
Placard and Hazardous Materials Released information should be available on your PAR or
Truck and Bus Supplement with other elements required by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety
Administration (FMCSA) for commercial vehicles.
Hazardous Material is a substance or material which has been designated by the U.S.
Department of Transportation, or other authorizing entity, as capable of posing an
unreasonable risk to health, safety and property when transported in commerce. Any motor
vehicle transporting hazardous materials in quantities above the thresholds established by the
U.S. Department of Transportation, or other authorized entity is required to display a
hazardous materials placard.
Exclusions:
 Fuel or oil carried by the vehicle for its own use.
Hazardous Materials Placard: is a sign required to be affixed to any motor vehicle transporting
hazardous materials in quantities above the thresholds established by the U.S. Department of
Transportation, or other authorized entity. This placard identifies the 1-digit hazard class
division number, 4-digit hazardous material identification number or name of the hazardous
material being transported.
Vehicle transporting hazardous materials should have a diamond-shaped placard affixed
indicating the material carried. (See list of examples below.)
HM1– Hazardous Materials Involvement
Definition: This element indicates whether the vehicle was carrying hazardous materials involvement.
1 (No) is used when there is no indication of hazardous materials for this vehicle in the case
materials. For cases involving a hit and run, the default is “1 -No” when no details are reported
regarding the hit and run vehicle.
If HM1 is 1 (No), HM2-HM5 will be coded Not Applicable.
2 (Yes) is used when hazardous materials were indicated for this vehicle in the case materials.
Examples for code 2 (Yes):
1. The officer records any information about a placard, whether or not he indicates that the
vehicle was carrying hazardous materials.
2. The officer does not record any information about a placard, however, you know that
hazardous material was involved.
3. Information identifying hazardous material is blank, but you know that hazardous
material was released.

404

2015

V20
HM2 – Hazardous Materials Placard
Definition: This element indicates the presence of hazardous materials and whether the
vehicle displayed a hazardous materials placard.
0 (Not Applicable) is used when there is no indication of hazardous materials for this vehicle
in the case materials (HM1 equals 2 (No)).
1 (No) is used when hazardous materials are involved, but the officer indicates there was no
placard.
2 (Yes) is used when hazardous materials are involved, and the vehicle does have a placard.
8 (Not Reported) is used when hazardous materials are involved, but the crash report does
not record any information about the presence of a placard.
HM3 – 4-Digit Hazardous Materials Identification Number
Definition: This element indicates the 4-digit identification number.
0000 (Not Applicable) – No indication of hazardous materials for this vehicle in the case
materials (HM1 equals 1 (No)).
Actual 4-digit Number – Record the 4-digit Hazardous Materials Identification Number
reported in the case materials.
8888 (Not Reported) – Hazardous materials involved, but the 4-digit number was not recorded
or this field is not available on your crash report. If you are provided the name of the
hazardous material on your report but not the 4-digit number, use this attribute and be sure to
record the 1-digit class number if it is provided.
HM4 – 2-Digit Hazardous Materials Class Number
Definition: This element indicates the single-digit hazardous material class number for the
vehicle.
00 (Not Applicable) – No indication of hazardous materials for this vehicle in the case
materials (HM1 equals 1 (No)).
Actual 2-digit Class Number (01-09) – Record the 1-digit Hazardous Materials Class Number
recorded on your crash report with a leading zero (e.g., if the 1-digit class number is 5, enter
“05”). If you were given a two-digit number with decimal point, record only the first digit with a
leading zero (e.g., if the class number is “1.3” you should record “01”). See chart on nine
classes of Hazardous Materials on following page.

2015

405

V20
88 (Not Reported) – Hazardous Materials involved, but the 1-digit number was not recorded
or this field is not available in the crash materials.
HM5 – Release of Hazardous Materials from Cargo Compartment
Definition: This element indicates whether or not any hazardous cargo was released from the
cargo tank or compartment.
0 (Not Applicable) – No indication of hazardous materials for this vehicle in the case materials
(HM1 equals 1 (No)).
1 (No) – Hazardous Materials involved, and the officer indicates there was no release of the
material(s) from the cargo compartment.
2 (Yes) – Hazardous Materials involved, and the officer indicates there was a release of the
material(s) from the cargo compartment.
8 (Not Reported) – Hazardous Materials involved, and you can’t determine from the crash
materials whether or not hazardous material was released from the cargo compartment.
Do not include fuel or oil carried by the vehicle for its own use which has been released.
Guideline for recording multiple hazardous materials:




If the case has a hazmat spill and you know which material was released always record
that material.
If you were to get two hazardous materials reported of different classes (1-9), report the
material from DOT Hazmat Table 1 and its associated 4-digit UN number over materials
in Table 2. Table 1 includes Hazard Class or Divisions: 1.1, 1.2. 1.3, 2.3, 4.3, 5.2, 6.1, 7.
If you have two materials of the same class (e.g. both class 8 - Corrosive) report the
material in greatest quantity if you have the information, if not report the material that is
listed first on the report.

Examples of Hazardous Materials are:
Any transport vehicle containing any quantity of the following classes of material must
be placarded:
Explosives (1.1, 1.2, 1.3)
Poison Gas
Materials Dangerous When Wet

406

Poison
Radioactive

2015

V20
Any transport vehicle containing over 1,001 lbs. or more (gross weight) of the following
classes of materials must be placarded:
Explosives (1.4, 1.5, 1.6)
Flammable and Non Flammable Gas
Flammable/Combustible Liquid
(gasoline, fuel oil)
Flammable Solid/Spontaneously
Combustible

Oxidizer/Organic Peroxide
Poison
Radioactive
Corrosive
Other (A material which presents a hazard
during transportation which is not included in
any other hazard class)

FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION:
Beginning 2007, this element replaced the element “Hazardous Cargo”.

9 CLASSES OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS

Consistency Checks:

(4N4P)
(4N5P)

(4N6P)

2015

THEN

MOTOR CARRIER IDENTIFICATION
NUMBER does not equal
00-000000000,
BODY TYPE does not equal 21, 28,
31, 40, 45, 48-52, 55, 58-64, 66, 67,
71, 72, 78, 92, 93, or HM2 does not
equal 2,
MOTOR CARRIER IDENTIFICATION
NUMBER equals 77-777777777,

BODY TYPE must equal 21, 28, 31, 40,
45, 48-52, 55, 58-64, 66, 67, 71, 72, 78,
79, 92, 93, 99, or HM2 must equal 2.
MOTOR CARRIER IDENTIFICATION
NUMBER must equal 00-000000000,
99-999999999.
BODY TYPE should equal 28, 45,
48-52, 55, 58-64, 66, 67, 71, 72, 78, 93,
or HM1 should equal 2.

407

V20
IF
(4S1P)
(9K0P)
(AH0P)

BODY TYPE equals 80-83, 88, 89
and HM1 does not equal 1,
HM2 equals 2,
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION does
not equal 00, 99,

(AM0P) CARGO BODY TYPE does not equal
00, 99,
(D270)

(D300)

BODY TYPE equals 50-52, 55, 63,
66, 72, or HM1 equals 2,
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals
05-08, 21, or HM1 equals 2,
HM2 equals 2,

(D310)

HM2 equals 2,

(D440)

COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE
LICENSE STATUS equals 00,

(D450)

COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE
LICENSE STATUS equals 00,

(D580)
(V070)

VIOLATIONS CHARGED equals 85,
HM1 equals 2,

(V090)

HM1 equals 2,

(V502)

GVWR/GCWR equals 0, and HM1
equals 1,
GVWR/GCWR equals 1,

(D280)

(V503)
(V540)
(V570)

BODY TYPE equals 42, 65, 73, and
HM1 equals 1,
HM1 equals 2,

(V580)

HM1 equals 2,

408

THEN
COMPLIANCE WITH CDL
ENDORSEMENTS MUST equal 0.
REGISTRATION STATE must not equal
00.
BODY TYPE should equal 15, 16, 21,
28, 31, 40, 41, 45, 48-52, 55, 58-64,
66, 67, 71, 72, 78, 92, 93, or HM2 must
equal 2.
BODY TYPE should equal 15, 16, 21,
28, 31, 40, 41, 45, 48-52, 55, 58-64,
66, 67, 71, 72, 78, 92, 93, or HM2 must
equal 2.
COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE
LICENSE STATUS should not equal 00.
COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE
LICENSE STATUS should not equal 00.
COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE
LICENSE STATUS should not equal 00
or 99.
COMPLIANCE WITH CDL
ENDORSEMENTS should equal 1-3.
BODY TYPE should not equal 50-52,
55, 63, 66, 72, and HM2 should not
equal 2.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should not
equal 05-08, 21, and HM2 should not
equal 2.
HM1 should equal 2.
REGISTRATION STATE should not
equal 92.
COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE
LICENSE STATUS should equal 06, 99.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION and
CARGO BODY TYPE must equal 00.
HM2 should equal 2, or VEHICLE
CONFIGURATION should equal 20.
GVWR/GCWR should equal 0.
REGISTERED VEHICLE OWNER
should not equal 0, 1, 2, 4.
REGISTERED VEHICLE OWNER
should equal 3.

2015

V20
IF
(V940)

HM1 equals 2,

(V980)
(VA00)

BODY TYPE equals 50-52, 55, 58-64,
66, 67, 71, 72, 78, 93, or HM1 equals
2,
HM1 equals 1,

(VA10)

HM1 equals 2,

(VA20)

any of HM2, HM5 equals 0, or HM4
equals 00 or HM3 equals 0000,
any of HM2, HM5 does not equal 0, or
HM4 does not equal 00, or HM3 does
not equal 0000,
HM5 equals 2,

(VA30)
(VA40)
(VA50)
(VA60)
(VA70)

HM3 equals 8888, and HM4 equals
88,
HM3 does not equal 0000, 8888, or
HM4 does not equal 00, 88,
GVWR/GCWR equals 1, and HM2
equals 2,

THEN
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should not
equal 00, 99 and CARGO BODY TYPE
should not equal 00, 99.
MOTOR CARRIER IDENTIFICATION
NUMBER must not equal
00-000000000.
HM2, HM5 must equal 0, HM4 must
equal 00 and HM3 must equal 0000.
HM2, HM5 must not equal 0, HM4 must
not equal 00 and HM3 must not equal
0000.
HM1 must equal 1.
HM1 must equal 2.
HM3 should not equal 8888, or HM4
should not equal 88.
HM5 should not equal 2.
HM2 should equal 2.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION must
equal 10.

Consistency Check (FARS Only):
IF
(V100)

2015

HM1 equals 2, and RELATED
FACTORS-DRIVER LEVEL does not
equal 19,

THEN
COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE
LICENSE STATUS should not equal
01, 02, 05.

409

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410

2015

V21

BUS USE
FORMAT: 2 numeric
SAS NAME: Vehicle.Bus_Use, Parkwork.PBus_Use
ELEMENT VALUES:
00
01
04
05
06
07
08
98
99

Not a Bus
School
Intercity
Charter/Tour
Transit/ Commuter
Shuttle
Modified for Personal/Private Use
Not Reported
Unknown

Definition: This data element describes the common type of bus service this vehicle was
being used for at the time of the crash or the primary use for the bus if not in service at the
time of the crash.
Remarks:
Buses are any motor vehicle with seats to transport nine (9) or more people, including the
driver’s seat. This element does not include vans that are owned and operated for personal
use.
00 (Not a Bus) This should be used for vehicles with less than nine (9) seats (including the
driver) and personal-use vans with nine (9) or more seats (including the driver) and also for
vehicles that do not have a bus body type AND are not being used as a bus in the crash.
01 (School) is used for vehicles that meet the definition of a bus and are being used by a
public or private school or district or contracted carrier operation on behalf of the entity,
providing transport for school children (up to the 12th grade) to/from school (public or private)
or any other school function or activity.
In most cases, the decision to use this code will be based on a reference to the vehicle as a
school bus in the case materials. In this situation, assume the criteria are met unless it is
otherwise stated in the case materials.
In addition, School includes buses that are not externally identifiable as a school/pupil
transport vehicle. (For example, a transit bus, at the time of the crash, used exclusively [no
other passengers except students] to transport students to/from the school or school-related
activity.)

2015

411

V21
In most cases, the decision to use this code will be based on a reference to the vehicle as a
school bus in the case materials. In this situation, assume the criteria are met unless it is
otherwise stated in the case materials.
04 (Intercity) is used when a company provides for-hire, long-distance passenger
transportation between cities over fixed routes with regular schedules (for example; Greyhound
bus service between major cities).
05 (Charter/Tour) is used when a company provides transportation on a for-hire basis and
demand-response basis, usually round-trip service for a tour group or outing.
06 (Transit/Commuter) is used for a government entity or private company which provides
passenger transportation over fixed, scheduled routes, within primarily urban geographical
areas. (For example; inner-city mass transit bus/van service.)
07 (Shuttle) is used when private companies provide transportation services for their own
employees, non-governmental organizations (such as churches and non-profit groups), and
non-educational units of government (such as departments of corrections). (Examples include
buses/nine-passenger vans transporting people from airports, hotels, rental car companies,
and business facility to facility.)
08 (Modified for Personal/Private Use) is used when a bus body type has been modified for
personal or private use. For example, a bus with seats removed and exterior altered to allow
for personal/ private hauling of cargo (instead of passengers). Also includes musical groups in
cross-country bus with interior remodeled with home-like conveniences.
98 (Not Reported)
If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable,
then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”.
Code 98 (Not Reported) in these two situations:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the information
to code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials)
2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case
materials).
99 (Unknown) is used if the information about this vehicle is reported as Unknown (e.g., an
unidentified hit-and-run vehicle).
Note: if the investigating officer indicates a bus was involved but not how it was being used,
use 98 (Not Reported).

412

2015

V21
Consistency Checks:
IF
(AH1P) BUS USE equals 08,
(AH2P) BUS USE equals 06,
(V051)

BUS USE equals 01,

(V052)
(V053)

BUS USE equals 04,
BUS USE equals 05,

(V054)

BUS USE equals 07,

(V055)
(V056)
(V057)
(V059)
(V061)
(V330)

BUS USE equals 00,
SPECIAL USE equals 02,
SPECIAL USE equals 03,
BUS USE equals 01,
BUS USE equals 04-07,
SCHOOL BUS RELATED equals 1,

(V531)

BUS USE equals 01, 04-07, 98,

2015

THEN
BODY TYPE must equal 21, 22, 28, 29,
50-59.
BODY TYPE should equal 21 or 52 or
55.
BODY TYPE should equal 21 or 50 or
55.
BODY TYPE should equal 51.
BODY TYPE should equal 12, 16, 21,
51, 55 or 58.
BODY TYPE should equal 21, 22, 29,
50-59.
BODY TYPE must not equal 50-59.
BUS USE should equal 01.
BUS USE should equal 04-07, 99.
SPECIAL USE must equal 02.
SPECIAL USE must equal 03.
BODY TYPE of at least one of the
involved vehicles should equal 50
(School Bus), or SPECIAL USE for at
least one involved vehicle should equal
02 - Vehicle Used as School Bus, and
BUS USE for at least one vehicle should
equal 01.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should
equal 20, 21, and CARGO BODY TYPE
should equal 22.

413

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414

2015

V22

SPECIAL USE
FORMAT: 2 numeric
SAS NAME: Vehicle.Spec_Use, Person.Spec_Use, Parkwork.PSP_USE
ELEMENT VALUES:
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
13
98
99

No Special Use
Taxi
Vehicle Used for School Transport
Vehicle Used as Other Bus
Military
Police
Ambulance
Fire Truck
Non-Transport Emergency Services Vehicle
Incident Response
Not Reported
Unknown

Definition: This data element identifies if a special use is applicable to this vehicle at the
time it was involved in the crash.
Remarks:
This data element identifies any special use associated with this motor vehicle at the time of
the crash. The special function served by this motor vehicle should be coded regardless of
whether the function is marked on the vehicle.
00 (No Special Use) is used when the available information does not indicate or imply that this
vehicle was applicable to any of the special uses listed above.
01 (Taxi) is used when this vehicle was being used during this trip (at the time of the crash) on
a “fee-for-hire” basis to transport persons. Most of these vehicles will be marked and formally
registered as taxis; however, vehicles which are used as taxis, even though they are not
registered (e.g., Gypsy Cabs), are included here. Passengers do not have to be present at the
time of the crash. Taxis and drivers which are off-duty at the time of the crash are coded as 00
(No Special Use). If it is unknown whether or not the taxi is on-duty, code as 01 (Taxi). This
attribute also applies for limousines on a “fee-for-hire” basis.
02 (Vehicle Used for School Transport) is used for any motor vehicle that satisfies all the
following criteria:


2015

operated, leased, owned or contracted by a public or private school-type institution;

415

V22




where the institution’s students may range from pre-school through high school;
whose occupants, if any, are associated with the institution; and,
at the time of the crash the vehicle is being used for transportation to and from a school
or on a school-sponsored activity or trip

Note:
This attribute also includes vehicles which are not externally identifiable as a school/pupil
transport vehicle, but do meet all of the other criteria above. (For example, a transit bus, at the
time of the crash, used exclusively [no other passengers except students] to transport students
to/from the school or school-related activity).
In most cases, the decision to use this attribute will be based on a reference to the vehicle as a
school bus in the available information. In this situation, assume the criteria are met unless it
is otherwise stated in the available information.
03 (Vehicle Used as Other Bus) is used when a motor vehicle is designed for transporting
nine or more persons including the driver and does not satisfy the above “school bus” criteria.
For example, BODY TYPE code “School Bus” transporting senior citizens to an activity.
04 (Military) is used for any vehicle which is owned by any of the Armed Forces regardless of
body type. This attribute includes:





military police vehicles;
military ambulances;
military hearses; and
military fire vehicles.

05 (Police) is a vehicle equipped with police emergency devices (lights and siren) that is
owned or subsidized by any local, county, State or Federal government entity. The police
vehicle is presumed to be in special use at all times, although not necessarily in “emergency
use.” Vehicles not owned by a government entity that are used by law enforcement officers
(e.g., undercover) are excluded.
06 (Ambulance) is used for any readily identifiable (lights or markings) vehicles designed to
transport sick or injured persons. The ambulance is presumed to be in special use at all times,
although not necessarily in “emergency use.”
07 (Fire Truck) is used for any readily identifiable (lights or markings) vehicles specially
designed and equipped to respond to fire, hazmat, medical and extrication incidents. This
attribute includes medium and heavy vehicles such as engines, pumpers, ladder, platform
aerial apparatus, heavy rescue vehicles, water tenders or tankers, brush or wilderness
firefighting vehicles, etc.
08 (Non-Transport Emergency Services Vehicle) is used for any readily identified (lights
and markings) vehicles that do not meet the criteria for 06 (Ambulance), 07 (Fire Truck) or
416

2015

V22
13 (Incident Response) and are specifically designed and equipped to respond to fire,
hazmat, medical and extrication incidents. This attribute includes light vehicles such as
sedans, van, SUVs, pickups, trucks, motorcycles, etc. This attribute includes vehicles that
have been dispatched to an incident or have initiated operation in a non-emergency mode and
are not transporting passengers, such as patients or suspects. An example of a Non-Transport
Emergency Services vehicle is a fire chief’s unit, commonly an SUV.
13 (Incident Response) is used for Government vehicles typically equipped with a variety of
tools, emergency medical equipment, traffic cones and control signs, absorbent material (for
responding to spills), emergency and work lighting. These multi-purpose response units are
intended to assist law enforcement, fire and rescue personnel with trafficway incident
management.
98 (Not Reported)
If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable,
then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”.
Code 98 (Not Reported) in these two situations:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the information
to code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials)
2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case
materials).
99 (Unknown) is used if the investigating officer reported special use as unknown.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(1D0P)

SPECIAL USE equals 01,

(1D0Q)

SPECIAL USE equals 00-03,

(2D0P)

SPECIAL USE equals 02,

(3A0P)

SPECIAL USE equals 07,

(3D0P)

SPECIAL USE for any vehicle equals
02,
BODY TYPE equals 80-83, 88, 89,

(4A0P)

2015

THEN
BODY TYPE must equal 02-09, 12,
14-21, 28, 29, 49, 99.
EMERGENCY MOTOR VEHICLE USE
must equal 0.
BODY TYPE should equal 15, 16,
19-21, 28, 29, 45, 48, 50-52, 55, 58, 59.
BODY TYPE must equal 60-64, 66, 67,
71, 72, 78, 79, 99.
SCHOOL BUS RELATED must equal 1.
SPECIAL USE must not equal 01-03,
06, 07.

417

V22
IF
(4D0P)

THEN

BODY TYPE must equal 21, 28, 29,
50-52, 55, 58, 59.
(5D0P) SPECIAL USE equals 04,
BODY TYPE must equal 01-12, 15-17
19-22, 28-33, 39-41, 45, 48-50, 55,
58, 59, 60-64, 66, 67, 71, 72, 78, 79, 90,
99.
(5M0G) SPECIAL USE equals 06, and
RELATED FACTORS - PERSON (MV
PERSON TYPE equals 02 or 09,
OCCUPANT) LEVEL should equal 86 or
92.
(6D0P) SPECIAL USE equals 05,
BODY TYPE must equal 01-12, 14-17
19-22, 28-33, 39-41, 45, 48, 49, 55,
58-64, 66, 67, 71, 72, 78-82, 88-91, 94,
95, 97-99.
(7D0P) SPECIAL USE equals 06,
BODY TYPE must equal 11, 14-17, 19,
21, 22, 28, 29, 40, 41, 45, 48, 49, 61, 62,
64, 79, 98, 99.
(8D0P) SPECIAL USE equals 08,
BODY TYPE must not equal 60-64, 66,
67, 71, 72, 78, 79, 99.
(AR0P) SPECIAL USE equals 04,
REGISTERED VEHICLE OWNER must
not equal 0, 1, 2, 4.
(U050) UNLIKELY: SPECIAL USE equals 04, 08.
(U080) BODY TYPE does not equal 21, 28,
UNLIKELY: SPECIAL USE equals 02 or
29, 50-59,
03.
(U420) UNLIKELY: SPECIAL USE equals 98.
(V056) SPECIAL USE equals 02,
BUS USE should equal 01.
(V057) SPECIAL USE equals 03,
BUS USE should equal 04-07, 99.
(V058) EMERGENCY MOTOR VEHICLE
SPECIAL USE should equal 04-08, 13.
USE equals 2-6,
(V059) BUS USE equals 01,
SPECIAL USE must equal 02.
(V060) SPECIAL USE equals 04,
REGISTRATION STATE should equal
94.
(V061) BUS USE equals 04-07,
SPECIAL USE must equal 03.
(V330) SCHOOL BUS RELATED equals 1,
BODY TYPE of at least one of the
involved vehicles should equal 50
(School Bus), or SPECIAL USE for at
least one involved vehicle should equal
02 - Vehicle Used as School Bus, and
BUS USE for at least one vehicle should
equal 01.
(V560) SPECIAL USE equals 04,
REGISTERED VEHICLE OWNER
should equal 3, and REGISTRATION
STATE should equal 94.

418

SPECIAL USE equals 03,

2015

V23

EMERGENCY MOTOR VEHICLE USE
FORMAT: 1 numeric
SAS NAME: Vehicle.EMER_USE, Person.EMER_USE, Parkwork.PEM_USE
ELEMENT VALUES:
0
2
3
4
5
6
8
9

Not Applicable
Non-Emergency, Non-Transport
Non-Emergency Transport
Emergency Operation, Emergency Warning Equipment Not in Use
Emergency Operation, Emergency Warning Equipment in Use
Emergency Operation, Emergency Warning Equipment in Use Unknown
Not Reported
Unknown

Definition: Emergency Motor Vehicle Use indicates operation of any motor vehicle that is
legally authorized by a government authority to respond to emergencies with or without the use
of emergency warning equipment, such as a police vehicle, fire truck or ambulance while
actually engaged in such response.
Remarks:
Emergency Use also refers to an official motor vehicle that is usually traveling with emergency
signals in use; typically red light blinking, siren sounding, etc.
If Special Use is 04 (Military), 05 (Police), 06 (Ambulance), 07 (Fire Truck), 08 (NonTransport, Emergency Services Vehicle) or 13 (Incident Response) then refer to the case
materials to determine if the vehicle was on an emergency response (i.e., red lights flashing,
siren sounding, on route to hospital, etc.) at the time of the crash.
0 (Not Applicable) is used when Special Use for this vehicle is coded 00 (No Special Use),
01 (Taxi), 02 (Vehicle Used as School Transport) or 03 (Vehicle Used as Other Bus).
2 (Non-Emergency, Non-Transport) is used when the authorized emergency vehicle has
been dispatched to an incident or has initiated operation in a non-emergency mode and is not
transporting passengers, such as patients or suspects. The emergency vehicle operator is not
using emergency lighting, audible siren or emergency vehicle maneuvers.
3 (Non-Emergency Transport) is used when the authorized emergency vehicle has been
dispatched to an incident or has initiated a transport-related operation in a non-emergency
mode. The emergency vehicle operator is not using emergency lighting, audible siren or
emergency vehicle maneuvers. Example: transport of a suspect from one location to another
or interfacility transport of a patient in an ambulance to a nursing home.
2015

419

V23
4 (Emergency Operation, Emergency Warning Equipment Not in Use) is used when the
authorized emergency vehicle has been dispatched to an incident or has initiated an
emergency operation and has no emergency lighting or audible siren in use. The emergency
vehicle operator may be using emergency vehicle maneuvers as allowed under state law.
Examples: a police car in the last mile approaching a bank robbery; transport of a patient in an
ambulance for which lights and sirens are not used per protocol.
5 (Emergency Operation, Emergency Warning Equipment in Use) is used when the
authorized emergency vehicle has been dispatched to an incident or has initiated an
emergency operation and is using an audible siren and/or has illuminated its emergency
lighting devices. The emergency vehicle operator is using or is prepared to use emergency
vehicle maneuvers as allowed by state law.
6 (Emergency Operation, Emergency Warning Equipment in Use Unknown) is used when
the authorized emergency vehicle has been dispatched to an incident or has initiated an
emergency operation and it cannot be determined if it is using an audible siren and/or has
illuminated its emergency lighting devices.
8 (Not Reported)
If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable,
then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”.
Code 8 (Not Reported) in these two situations:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the information
to code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials)
2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case
materials).
Examples:



The case materials are not clear as to whether the vehicle was on an emergency
response.
The case materials are not clear as to whether the vehicle is legally authorized by a
government authority to respond to emergencies.

9 (Unknown) is used if the investigating officer reported emergency use as unknown.

420

2015

V23
Consistency Checks:
IF
(1D0Q) SPECIAL USE equals 00-03,
(PB44)
(V058)

2015

PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN equals
240,
EMERGENCY MOTOR VEHICLE
USE equals 2-6,

THEN
EMERGENCY MOTOR VEHICLE USE
must equal 0.
EMERGENCY MOTOR VEHICLE USE
should equal 2-6 for at least one vehicle.
SPECIAL USE should equal 04-08, 13.

421

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422

2015

V24

TRAVEL SPEED
FORMAT: 3 numeric
SAS NAME: Vehicle.TRAV_SP
ELEMENT VALUES:
000
001-151
997
998
999

Stopped Motor Vehicle In-Transport
Reported Speed Up to 151 MPH
Greater than 151 MPH
Not Reported
Unknown

Definition: This element records the speed the vehicle was traveling prior to the occurrence
of the crash as reported by the investigating officer.
Remarks:
Code the Travel Speed as indicated by the investigating officer. Do not enter the Speed Limit.
Do not use estimates by drivers or witnesses reported in the case materials. If the police
calculated a speed, please be aware that this may represent impact speed and not travel
speed.
Code the nearest mph for this vehicle as reported on the case materials.
Examples:

Reported Speed
40.2mph
40.5mph

Code
40
41

If the officer gives a range, code the median speed and, if necessary, round up to the next
higher whole number. If the officer gives a minimum speed (e.g., “at least 55 mph” or “in
excess of 60 mph”, then use that speed (e.g., code as “55” and “60” respectively).
Examples:

Reported Speed
40-50mph
45-50mph

Code
45
48

000 (Stopped Motor Vehicle In-Transport) is used when this vehicle is stopped on the
roadway.
998 (Not Reported)
If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable,
then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”.
2015

423

V24
Code 998 (Not Reported) in these two situations:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the information
to code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials)
2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case
materials).
Examples:
1. the officer did not mention Travel Speed, or
2. did not indicate Travel Speed within a field in the case materials.
999 (Unknown) is used when the officer indicates that Travel Speed is unknown.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(3B0P)
(3B1P)

JACKKNIFE equals 2, 3,
CRASH TYPE equals 21-23,

(A090)

NUMBER OF VEHICLE FORMS
SUBMITTED is greater than 001,

(A100)

FIRST HARMFUL EVENT is not equal
to 02, 04, 05, 10, 16, 18,

(A240)

LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
SYSTEM (b) equals 01, and
RELATION TO JUNCTION (a) equals
0,
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR
TO RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL
EVENT) equals 05 or 07,
UNIT TYPE equals 2-4,

(AZA0)
(VH70)
(U060)

424

THEN
TRAVEL SPEED must not equal 000.
TRAVEL SPEED must equal 000 for this
vehicle.
there should be at least one vehicle with
TRAVEL SPEED of 001-151, 997-999,
or blanks.
there should be one vehicle with
TRAVEL SPEED of 001-151, 997-999,
or blanks.
TRAVEL SPEED should not equal
005-040 for any vehicle.
TRAVEL SPEED should equal 000 for
this vehicle.

elements V15, V24, V31 must all be left
blank.
UNLIKELY: TRAVEL SPEED should equal 98 or 99.

2015

V25

UNDERRIDE/OVERRIDE
(FARS Only)

FORMAT: 1 numeric
SAS NAME: Vehicle.UNDERIDE, Parkwork.PUNDERIDE
ELEMENT VALUES:
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

No Underride or Override Noted
Underriding a Motor Vehicle In-Transport, Underride, Compartment Intrusion
Underriding a Motor Vehicle In-Transport, Underride, No Compartment Intrusion
Underriding a Motor Vehicle In-Transport, Underride, Compartment Intrusion
Unknown
Underriding a Motor Vehicle Not In-Transport, Underride, Compartment Intrusion
Underriding a Motor Vehicle Not In-Transport, Underride, No Compartment Intrusion
Underriding a Motor Vehicle Not In-Transport, Underride, Compartment Intrusion
Unknown
Overriding a Motor Vehicle In-Transport
Overriding a Motor Vehicle Not In-Transport
Unknown if Underride or Override

Definition: This element indicates whether an underride or override occurred during the crash
involving this vehicle.
Remarks:
Rationale: Needed to identify the magnitude of crashes in which an underride or override
occurs to support NHTSA rulemaking activities and motor vehicle bumper compatibility
research.
NOTE: Prior to 2007, this element was limited to collisions involving a large vehicle
(medium/heavy trucks) and a smaller body type (e.g., automobiles, utility vehicles, etc.).
Beginning 2007, this element is open to all body types, excluding motorcycles, mopeds, ATVs
and snowmobiles.
NOTE: Prior to 1994, coding of vehicle underrides and overrides was not captured as a
separate element. It was included under Impact Points (clock point codes “15” and “16”
[Underride and Override]). This change improved both the capture and detail relating to these
events.
For underrides and overrides, it is important to determine the vehicle performing the action.
Two vehicles cannot be considered to underride and override simultaneously.

2015

425

V25
In cases in which two vehicles collide “head-on” and one vehicle ends up under the other, you
must determine whether an Underride or Override has occurred.
An Underride refers to a vehicle sliding under another vehicle during a crash. The classic
example is an automobile striking the rear end or the side of a tractor-trailer and coming to a
stop under the trailer. In this example, the automobile is the underriding vehicle. We
distinguish between those underriding vehicles with compartment intrusion versus those with
no compartment intrusion.
Compartment intrusion indicates a breach of the passenger compartment of this underriding
(striking) vehicle. For example, damage to the windshield or glass area.
No compartment intrusion means that the underridden vehicle (struck vehicle) did not directly
enter the passenger compartment of this vehicle (for example, damage to the hood or front
bumper).
It is possible for an auto to completely underride the trailer without stopping. Underride is not
applicable to motorcycles or snowmobiles.
An Override refers to a vehicle riding up over another (including a parked vehicle). A vehicle
straddling a guardrail, for example, is not coded as an override.
0 (No Underride or Override Noted) is used when there is no indication in the case materials
that this vehicle was involved in and underride or override as defined above.
UNDERRIDES AND VEHICLES UNDER OTHER VEHICLES
Codes “1-3” are used when this vehicle underrides a motor vehicle in-transport (includes those
in motion outside the trafficway).
Codes “4-6” are used when this vehicle underrides a motor vehicle that is Not In-Transport.
This includes parked/stopped off roadway motor vehicles, working motor vehicles (e.g., cherry
picker, paint-striping truck).
Compartment Intrusion Guidelines:
To use Codes “1 or 4,” the PAR should indicate that the passenger compartment of the
underriding (striking) vehicle has been damaged. Sources of this information can be the PAR
narrative and/or the vehicle damage scale. If the top of the vehicle is damaged, as noted by
the vehicle damage scale, Codes “1 or 4” would apply.
Codes “2 and 5,” Underride, No Compartment Intrusion, are used when a portion of the
vehicle is under another, and it is known that there is no passenger compartment intrusion.
Codes “3 and 6” are used when it is unknown if there is passenger compartment intrusion.

426

2015

V25
OVERRIDES
7 (Overriding a Motor Vehicle In-Transport) is used when this vehicle overrides a motor
vehicle in-transport (includes those in motion outside the trafficway).
8 (Overriding a Motor Vehicle Not In-Transport) is used when this vehicle overrides a motor
vehicle not in-transport. This includes parked/stopped off roadway motor vehicles, working
motor vehicles (e.g. cherry picker, paint-striping truck).
9 (Unknown if Underride or Override) is used when an Underride or Override occurred but it
cannot be determined which is appropriate.
Consistency Checks:
IF

THEN
UNDERRIDE/OVERRIDE for the other
vehicle must equal 0.

(6A1P)

NUMBER OF VEHICLE FORMS
SUBMITTED equals 1 and
UNDERRIDE/OVERRIDE equals 1-8,
9 for one vehicle,
NUMBER OF VEHICLE FORMS
SUBMITTED equals 1,
UNDERRIDE/OVERRIDE equals 1-8,

(9B3P)

UNDERRIDE/OVERRIDE equals 7,

(9B4P)

UNDERRIDE/OVVERIDE equals 8,

(9B5P)
(V750)

UNIT TYPE equals 2, 3,
UNDERRIDE/OVERRIDE equals 1-3,

(V760)

UNDERRIDE/OVERRIDE equals 4-6,

(V770)

UNDERRIDE/OVERRIDE equals 7,

(V780)

UNDERRIDE/OVERRIDE equals 8,

(431P)

(432P)

2015

UNDERRIDE/OVERRIDE must equal 0.
BODY TYPE must not equal 80-83,
88-91.
there must be at least one vehicle with
UNIT TYPE equal to 1.
there must at least one vehicle with
UNIT TYPE equal 2-4.
UNDERRIDE/OVERRIDE must equal 0.
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT or at least
one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS (for this
vehicle) should equal 12, 55.
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT or at least
one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS (for this
vehicle) should equal 14, 45.
at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
(for this vehicle) must equal 12, 55.
at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
(for this vehicle) must equal 14, 45.

427

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428

2015

V26

ROLLOVER
FORMAT: 1 numeric
SAS NAME: Vehicle.Rollover; Person.ROLLOVER
ELEMENT VALUES:
0
1
2
9

No Rollover
Rollover, Tripped by Object/Vehicle
Rollover, Untripped
Rollover, Unknown Type

Definition: This element identifies whether a rollover or overturn occurred during the crash
involving this vehicle.
Remarks:
Rollover is defined as any vehicle rotation of 90 degrees or more about any true longitudinal or
lateral axis. Rollover can also be referred to as overturn, and can occur at any time during this
vehicle’s critical crash envelope.
Rollover does not apply to 2-wheeled motorcycles for this element (use 0 (No Rollover)).
However, in the First Harmful Event, Most Harmful Event and Sequence of Events you may
use 01 (Rollover/ Overturn) to record that this vehicle (motorcycle) overturned.
A rollover can be used for 3- or 4-wheeled ATVs, snowmobiles, go-karts and 3-wheeled
motorcycles.
0 (No Rollover) is used when there is no indication that a rollover occurred.
1 (Rollover, Tripped by Object/Vehicle) is used when the vehicle’s lateral motion is suddenly
slowed or stopped by an opposing force, inducing a rollover. The opposing force may be
produced by a curb, ditch, pot-hole, another vehicle, pavement or soil dug into by the vehicle’s
wheels. This includes instances where a vehicle impacts a fixed object (i.e., tree, barrier, pole
or post) then rolls over.
2 (Rollover, Untripped) is used when a rollover occurs, but not as a result of a collision with
an object or a vehicle or generated by any other opposing force as referred to in Rollover,
Tripped by Object/Vehicle. An untripped rollover is one for which there is no obvious cause
other than normal surface friction. This is usually the result of vehicle instability and there is no
evidence of furrowing or gouging on the pavement, gravel, grass or dirt surface.
9 (Rollover, Unknown Type) is used when a rollover occurred, but there is not sufficient
information to determine tripped versus untripped status.
2015

429

V26
Consistency Checks:
IF
(1Z2P)

(5A0P)
(V700)
(V74P)

any SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals
01, and (BODY TYPE equals 01-79,
82, 90-99, or any RELATED
FACTORS-VEHICLE LEVEL equals
30),
BODY TYPE equals 80, 81, 83, 88,
89, and any RELATED FACTORSVEHICLE LEVEL does not equal 30,
ROLLOVER equals 2,

(V75P)

UNIT TYPE equals 1, and
ROLLOVER equals 1, 2, 9, or
LOCATION OF ROLLOVER equals
1-7, 9,
ROLLOVER is not blank,

(V76P)

ROLLOVER is blank,

(V77P)

ROLLOVER equals 1, 2, 9,

(V78P)

ROLLOVER equals 0,

(V79P)

ROLLOVER equals 2, and FIRST
HARMFUL EVENT equals 01,

430

THEN
ROLLOVER must equal 1, 2, 9.

ROLLOVER must equal 0.
CRASH TYPE should equal 01-10, 14,
98 or 99 for this vehicle.
at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
must equal 01 for this vehicle.
LOCATION OF ROLLOVER must not be
blank.
LOCATION OF ROLLOVER must be
blank.
LOCATION OF ROLLOVER must equal
1-7, 9.
LOCATION OF ROLLOVER must equal
0.
CRASH TYPE must equal 01-10, 14, 15
or 98 for the vehicle involved in the first
harmful event.

2015

V27

LOCATION OF ROLLOVER
FORMAT: 1 numeric
SAS NAME: Vehicle.ROLINLOC
ELEMENT VALUES:
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
9

No Rollover
On Roadway
On Shoulder
On Median/Separator
In Gore
On Roadside
Outside of Trafficway
In Parking Lane / Zone
Unknown

Definition: This element identifies the location of the trip point or start of the vehicle's roll.
Remarks:
1 (On Roadway) is used when the available information indicates the vehicle tripped or began
its roll on the roadway. A Roadway is that part of a trafficway designed, improved and
ordinarily used for motor vehicle travel. Where various classes of motor vehicles are
segregated, that part of a trafficway used by a particular class is the roadway (i.e., travel
lanes). Separate roadways may be provided for northbound and southbound traffic or for
trucks and automobiles. This includes continuous left-turn lanes.
2 (On Shoulder) is used when the available information indicates the vehicle tripped or began
its roll on the shoulder. A Shoulder is that part of a trafficway contiguous with the roadway for
emergency use, for accommodation of stopped road vehicles and for lateral support of the
roadway structure.
3 (On Median/Separator) is used when the available information indicates the vehicle tripped
or began its roll on the median/separator. A Median is an area of a trafficway between parallel
roads separating travel in opposite directions. Continuous left-turn lanes are not considered
painted medians. A Separator is the area of a trafficway between parallel roads separating
travel in the same direction or separating a frontage road.
4 (In Gore) is used when the available information indicates the vehicle tripped or began its roll
in the gore. The Gore is an area of land where two roadways diverge or converge. The area
is bounded on two sides by the edges of the roadways, which join at the point of divergence or
convergence. The direction of traffic must be the same on both of these roadways. The area
includes shoulders or marked pavement, if any, between the roadways.
2015

431

V27
5 (On Roadside) is used when the available information indicates the vehicle tripped or began
its roll on the roadside. Roadside is the outermost part of the trafficway from the property line
or other boundary into the edge of the first road.
6 (Outside of Trafficway) is used when the available information indicates the vehicle tripped
or began its roll outside the right-of-way.
7 (In Parking Lane/Zone) refers to an area on the roadway, or next to the roadway, on which
parking is permitted in marked or unmarked spaces. This includes curbside and edge ofroadway parking (for example, legal residential parking, city-street parking, etc.). Sometimes a
strip of roadway can be designated for parking at certain hours of the day (parking lane) and
for regular travel at other hours (travel lane). This code should NOT be used during hours
when parking is NOT permitted (see 1 (On Roadway)).
9 (Unknown) is used when the location of the trip point cannot be determined from available
resources.
If Relation to Trafficway equals:

Then Location of Rollover should equal:

01 - On Roadway

1 - On Roadway

02 - On Shoulder

2 - On Shoulder

03 - On Median

3 - On Median/Separator

04 - On Roadside

5 - On Roadside

05 - Outside Trafficway

6 - Outside of Trafficway

06 - Off Roadway - Location Unknown

9 - Unknown

07 - In Parking Lane/Zone

7 - In Parking Lane/Zone

08 - Gore

4 - In Gore

10 - Separator

3 - On Median/Separator

11 - Continuous Left-Turn Lane

1 - On Roadway

98 - Not Reported

9 - Unknown

99 - Unknown

9 - Unknown

432

2015

V27
Consistency Checks:
IF
(A380)

(V75P)

FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 01
and this vehicle is involved in the first
harmful event, and BODY TYPE does
not equal 80-89 for this vehicle, and
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals
_____,
UNIT TYPE equals 1, and
ROLLOVER equals 1, 2, 9, or
LOCATION OF ROLLOVER equals
1-7, 9,
ROLLOVER is not blank,

(V76P)

ROLLOVER is blank,

(V77P)

ROLLOVER equals 1, 2, 9,

(V78P)

ROLLOVER equals 0,

(V74P)

2015

THEN
LOCATION OF ROLLOVER should
equal _____ respectively.

at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
must equal 01 for this vehicle.
LOCATION OF ROLLOVER must not be
blank.
LOCATION OF ROLLOVER must be
blank.
LOCATION OF ROLLOVER must equal
1-7, 9.
LOCATION OF ROLLOVER must equal
0.

433

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434

2015

V28

AREAS OF IMPACT –
INITIAL CONTACT POINT / DAMAGED AREAS
FORMAT: 2 subfields: Subfield 1, 2 numeric;, Subfield 2, Select all that apply
SAS NAME: Vehicle.IMPACT1, Person.IMPACT1, Parkwork.PIMPACT1;
Damage.MDAREAS
ELEMENT VALUES:
00
01-12
13
14
61
62
63
81
82
83
18
19
98
99

Subfield 1: Areas of Impact - Initial Contact Point
Non-Collision
Clock Points
Top
Undercarriage
Left
Left-Front Side
Left-Back Side
Right
Right-Front Side
Right-Back Side
Cargo/Vehicle Parts Set-In-Motion
Other Objects Set-In-Motion
Not Reported
Unknown

01-12
13
14
15
99

Subfield 2: Damaged Areas
Clock Values
Top
Undercarriage
No Damage
Damage Areas Unknown

Definition (Areas of Impact - Initial Contact Point): This subfield identifies the area on this
vehicle that produced the first instance of injury to non-motorists or occupants of this vehicle,
or that resulted in the first instance of damage to other property or to this vehicle.
Definition (Damaged Areas): This subfield identifies all the areas on this vehicle that were
damaged in the crash as reflected in the case materials by the officer.
Remarks:
If Areas of Impact- Initial Contact Point / Damaged Areas are provided on the crash report in
this exact format, use the values from the report unless there are clear errors (e.g. officer
switches vehicles by mistake). If these elements are not provided on the crash report in this
2015

435

V28
exact format, then similar report fields, narrative or diagram information may be used to code
these elements. These subfields do not refer to direction of force of the impact. They identify
the area(s) on the vehicle associated with the initial contact (Subfield 1) and all damage to the
vehicle identified in the case material (Subfield 2).
Areas of Impact / Initial Contact Point (Subfield 1):
This subfield identifies the area on this vehicle that produced the first instance of injury to nonmotorists or occupants of this vehicle, or that resulted in the first instance of damage to other
property or to this vehicle. The event that produced the Initial Contact Point for this vehicle
may or may not be the first harmful event for the crash. This data is derived from the Crash
Events Table and will always be the first recorded Area(s) of Impact element value for each
vehicle in the Crash Events Table.
*Note the same element values from Areas of Impact – Initial Contact Point are used to
complete the Areas of Impact (AOI) fields in the Crash Events Table for all harmful events.
Areas of Impact-Initial Contact Point Element Values Diagram

436

2015

V28
the diagrams at the end of the element for examples of how the 5 equal side segments are
created on several vehicle types.
As procedure, start by looking for one of the “clock” values 01-12 or specific situation values
00, 13, 14, 18. If sufficient detail is not available to choose one of these values, move out to
the next set of values to try to identify the appropriate codes (i.e., 62-63, 82-83, then 61, 81).
Lastly, for missing information pertaining to known harmful events, a 98 (Not Reported)
attribute is available.
61-63 and 81-83:
Codes, 62-63 and 82-83 are used when there is not sufficient detail available in the case
materials to identify a more specific area of impact , 01-05 and 07-11, but one of the quadrants
can be identified (i.e., 62 (Left-Front Side) , 63 (Left-Back Side), 82 (Right-Front Side) or 83
(Right-Back Side)). Also use these attributes if the case materials indicate that the damage
area is “between” or overlapping two known clock points. (e.g., if the damage area is midway
between or overlapping clock points 10 and 11, use 62 (Left-Front Side)).
Codes 61 and 81 are used when there is not sufficient detail available in the case materials to
identify a more specific area of impact, 62-63 or 82-83, but one of the sides can be identified
(i.e., 61 (Left) or 81 (Right)).
Guideline for Resolving Ambiguous Information
If the language in the narrative is ambiguous AND the diagram or other case information don’t
provide resolution, use the area indicated first in the narrative wording to select the Area of
Impact to code. See examples table below.
Description
Front, left
Left, front
Front, corner
Right, rear
Back, right side

Coding
12
62
12
83
06

2015

437

V28
1. If the area was damaged by an impact that was received horizontally to an upright
vehicle, use one of the codes “01 to 12, 61-63, 81-83.”
2. If the area was damaged by an impact that was received from a vertical direction above
the upright vehicle, use 13 (Top).
3. If the impact was received or direction of force was at an angle of less than 15 degrees
above the horizontal, it is considered horizontal.
4. With a vehicle in other than upright attitudes, remember, it is the area of the vehicle
which was damaged that is important.
14 (Undercarriage) refers to non-horizontal impacts to the undercarriage or swiping or
snagging of undercarriage components (axles, exhaust system, etc.). Tire/Wheel
impacts are coded to the AREA OF IMPACT (01-12, 61-63, 81-83).
Special Instructions Involving Motorcycles:
For cases involving a motorcycle where the area of initial contact is described as “front
tire/wheel” or “front end” code as 12 (Front) or “rear tire/wheel” or “rear end” code as 06
(Back) if the impact was received on a horizontal plane.
If the only event for a vehicle is a non-collision event, the Area of Impact - Initial is coded 00
(Non-Collision). If following a non-collision event, a vehicle has a collision event; Area of
Impact, Initial Contact Point is still coded 00 (Non-Collision).
Hitting the ground during a non-collision crash is not considered an “impact” for this subfield.
Set-In-Motion Attributes:
“Loads” of a vehicle includes persons or property upon or set-in-motion by the vehicle, persons
boarding or alighting from the vehicle, and persons or property attached to and in position to
move with the vehicle. A vehicle that propels part of its load or has set something in motion;
striking another vehicle, person or property causing injury or damage; may not have a normal
impact point; only the load has made contact with the person or other property. However, a
value must be coded. A load or object should not receive a Sequence of Events 63 (Ran Off
Roadway-Right), 64 (Ran Off Roadway-Left), 65 (Cross Median), 68 (Cross Centerline) or
69 (Re-entering Roadway) because these events apply to the vehicle itself and not to the
load or object that was propelled.
18 (Cargo/Vehicle Parts Set-In-Motion) is selected when the harmful event involves an
impact between a fixed/non-fixed object or vehicle and cargo or parts from an in-transport
motor vehicle which are set-in-motion. That is, use this code when the object set-in-motion is
cargo (e.g., mattress, logs, tools, unsecured objects on the in-transport motor vehicle) or a part
of an in-transport motor vehicle (e.g., hubcap or mirror).
Examples:


Vehicle 1 (log truck) swerves to avoid a braking vehicle (Vehicle 2). A log becomes
dislodged from Vehicle 1 and lands on Vehicle 2’s top.

438

2015

V28



Vehicle 1 Area of Impact, Initial Contact Point would be coded as 18 (Cargo/Vehicle
Parts Set-In-Motion).
Vehicle 2 Area of Impact, Initial Contact Point would be coded as 13 (Top).

98 (Not Reported)
If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable,
then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”.
Code 98 (Not Reported) in these two situations:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the information to
code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials)
2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case materials).
Areas of Impact - Initial Contact Point Examples of Not Reported:



99 (Unknown) is used if the investigating officer reported that the Initial Contact Point was
unknown.
Areas of Impact - Damaged Areas (Subfield 2):
This subfield identifies all the areas on this vehicle that were damaged in the crash as reflected
in the case materials. For trailers that become separated from the power unit at the onset
of the unstabilized situation or during the crash, treat the entire combination as one unit
when recording Damaged Areas. Please see the Clockpoint Diagrams to establish
damage areas for the combination vehicles.
2015

439

V28
Vehicles noted as “totaled”:
This element is identifying the vehicle planes that were damaged so do not make the
assumption that a vehicle noted in the case materials as “totaled” translates to all areas being
damaged. This term is often referring to the cost to repair the damage not the areas damaged.
Damaged Areas Element Values Diagram

*Note: When entering the data there are three short cut selections in MDE for identifying
multiple areas. Those selections are:
1. All Areas – this will select all values 01-12, 13 (Top), and 14 (Undercarriage)
2. Left Side – this will select all the values 07-11.
3. Right Side – this will select all the values 01-05.
01-12 (Clock Values) refer to the points on a clock (see diagram above) to identify areas on
the vehicle that were damaged in the crash. This subfield includes induced damage identified
in the report. For example, the PAR shows an impact centered at 03 (AOI – Initial Contact)
that produced damage in 02, 03, 04. The sides of the vehicle are divided into 5 equal
segments, 01 through 05 for the right side and 07 through 11 for the left side. The front (12),
back (06), top (13) and undercarriage (14) complete the outside surfaces of the vehicle. Use
the diagrams at the end of the element for examples of how the 5 equal side segments are
created on several vehicle types.
13 (Top) includes damage to the hood, windshield, roof, rear window, and trunk deck.
14 (Undercarriage) includes damage to the tires/wheels, axles, exhaust system, etc.
440

2015

V28
15 (No Damage) is used for vehicles that experience harmful events but the events do not
produce physical damage to the vehicle itself.
Examples include:



Vehicles that have the non-collision harmful events of gas inhalation, injured in vehicle,
fell/jumped from vehicle, or other non-collision.
Vehicles that have a collision event but the event does not produce damage to the
vehicle such as; running over a pedestrian lying in the roadway, striking a bicyclist,
striking another vehicle where only the struck vehicle is damaged, or when the only
collision event is cargo falling from this vehicle that lands on another vehicle or person.

99 (Damage Areas Unknown) is used when the case materials do not indicate which area or
areas received damage or when the information on the PAR is confusing or inadequate for the
purposes of this determination.
Handling of known events with unknown damage areas:
For situations where you have known damage areas associated with a specific event(s) and
additional harmful events without knowing specific damage areas for the additional events,
code only the known damage areas in this subfield. For example, if the PAR narrative only
states that “V1 departed the roadway striking several trees” with the only indication of damage
given as the initial front contact, and a PAR box marked ‘Totaled’, code only 12 for the known
damage to the front of the vehicle.
Handling of non-collision harmful events that produce vehicle damage:
For situations where a vehicle is involved in the following non-collision harmful events:
(01) Rollover/Overturn, (02) Fire/Explosion, (03) Immersion or Partial Immersion, (16)
Thrown or Falling Object, (44) Pavement Surface Irregularity (Ruts, Potholes, Grates,
etc.), (51) Jackknife (harmful to this vehicle), or (72) Cargo/Equipment Loss or Shift
(harmful to this vehicle), code only the damage areas reflected in the case materials by the
officer.
For example the investigating officer may indicate damaged locations that translate to:
 01-12, 13, 14 for a vehicle that was consumed by a fire or immersed in a river.
 01-05, 13 for a vehicle that rolls onto its right side and then roof.
 13 for a vehicle that only has damage to the hood from a fire.
 13 for a vehicle that has a tree fall it's roof.
 14 for a vehicle that strikes a pothole on its undercarriage.
Do not record damage at these locations for these non-collision harmful events unless so
indicated by the case materials.
If a vehicle that experiences only these non-collision events and has only “non-collision”
reflected in the case materials by the officer for its damaged areas, then use 99 (Damage
Areas Unknown).
2015

441

V28
FARS and GES SPECIAL INSTRUCTION:
Prior to 2010, FARS recorded the Impact Point-Initial and the Impact Point-Principal for each
vehicle. If a vehicle had no impacts throughout a crash, the Initial and Principal Impact Points
were both “00 - Non-Collision”. Non-Collision Events (including Rollovers) are not considered
“impacts”.
If the vehicle first had a Non-Collision Event but then experienced a Collision Event later in the
accident, the clock point on the vehicle associated with that collision was recorded as the
Impact Point-Initial. If this was the only Collision Event for the vehicle, then it was also the
Impact Point-Principal for the vehicle. Otherwise, Impact Point, Principal was the clock point
on the vehicle associated with the Collision Event that produced the most severe incidence of
injury or property damage involving this vehicle.
FARS began in 2010 recording INITIAL DAMAGED AREA and MOST DAMAGED AREA for
this vehicle. If the initial damage to the vehicle is caused by a Non-Collision Event, the INITIAL
DAMAGED AREA is coded “00 - Non-Collision”. The MOST DAMAGED AREA simply
recorded the area of this vehicle sustaining the most damage in the crash. GES adopted the
"most damaged area" data element in 2010.
Beginning in 2012, as a result of modifications to the Model Minimum Uniform Crash Criteria
(MMUCC) FARS and GES renamed INITIAL DAMAGED AREA as INITIAL CONTACT POINT
and replaced MOST DAMAGED with the new sub-field DAMAGED AREAS.

442

2015

V28

CLOCKPOINT DIAGRAM
12
11

5
6

12
11

5
6

2015

443

V28
Consistency Checks:
IF
(2U0Q) BODY TYPE equals 80-83, 88, 89,
(3B2P)

(3B6P)

CRASH TYPE equals 20, 24, 28, 34,
36, 38, 40, 50-54, 56, 58 or 60,
CRASH TYPE equals 21-23, 25-27,
29-31, 35, 37, 39 or 41,
CRASH TYPE equals 87,

(3B7P)

CRASH TYPE equals 89,

(3CA0)

EXTENT OF DAMAGE for this vehicle
equals 0,
MANNER OF COLLISION equals
07, 08,

(3B3P)

(420P)

(421P)

MANNER OF COLLISION equals 01,

(422P)

MANNER OF COLLISION equals 02,

(423P)

MANNER OF COLLISION equals 06,

444

THEN
AREAS OF IMPACT - INITIAL
CONTACT POINT should not equal 14.
AREAS OF IMPACT-INITIAL CONTACT
POINT must equal 12 for this vehicle.
AREAS OF IMPACT-INITIAL CONTACT
POINT must equal 6 for this vehicle.
AREAS OF IMPACT-INITIAL CONTACT
POINT must equal 01-05, 81-83 for this
vehicle.
AREAS OF IMPACT-INTIAL CONTACT
POINT must equal 07-11, 61-63 for this
vehicle.
DAMAGED AREAS must equal 15.
there must be at least two vehicle forms
with AREAS OF IMPACT-INITIAL
CONTACT POINT equal to 01-05,
07-11, 61-63, 81-83, 98, 99.
AREAS OF IMPACT-INITIAL CONTACT
POINT for one vehicle in the first harmful
event must equal 12, and AREAS OF
IMPACT-INITIAL CONTACT POINT for
the other vehicle in the first harmful
event must equal 06.
AREAS OF IMPACT-INITIAL CONTACT
POINT for one vehicle in the first harmful
event must equal 12, and AREAS OF
IMPACT- INITIAL CONTACT POINT for
the other vehicle in the first harmful
event must equal 12.
AREAS OF IMPACT-INITIAL CONTACT
POINT for one vehicle in the first harmful
event must equal 01, 11, 12, 98, 99, and
AREAS OF IMPACT-INITIAL CONTACT
POINT for the other vehicle in the first
harmful event must equal 01-05, 07-11,
61-63, 81-83, 98, 99.

2015

V28
IF

THEN

(424P)

MANNER OF COLLISION equals 09,

(425P)

MANNER OF COLLISION equals 10,

(8L8Q)

AREAS OF IMPACT-INITIAL CONTACT
POINT for one vehicle in the first harmful
event should equal 06, and AREAS OF
IMPACT-INITIAL CONTACT POINT for
the other vehicle in the first harmful
event should equal 01-05, 07-11, 61-63,
81-83, 98, 99.
AREAS OF IMPACT- INITIAL
CONTACT POINT for one vehicle in the
first harmful event should equal 06, and
AREAS OF IMPACT- INITIAL
CONTACT POINT for the other vehicle
in the first harmful event should equal
06, 98, 99.
the corresponding event in that row
must not equal 12 or 55.

AREAS OF IMPACT (THIS VEHICLE)
equals 18 or 19 in the CRASH
EVENTS,
the CRASH EVENTS event equals 54, AREAS OF IMPACT (THIS VEHICLE)
must equal 18 or 19 in that row.
AREAS OF IMPACT (THIS VEHICLE) RELATED FACTORS-CRASH LEVEL
must equal 14.
equals 18 or 19 in the CRASH
EVENTS and the corresponding event
in that row equals 14, 45 or 54,
RELATED FACTORS-CRASH LEVEL there must exist at least one event in the
CRASH EVENTS where AREAS OF
equals 14,
IMPACT (THIS VEHICLE or OTHER
VEHICLE) equals 18 or 19 and the
corresponding event in that row equals
14, 45 or 54.
AREAS OF IMPACT (THIS VEHICLE) RELATED FACTORS-CRASH LEVEL
equals 18 or 19 in the CRASH
must equal 15.
EVENTS and the corresponding event
in that row equals 08, 09, 15, 49,
RELATED FACTORS-CRASH LEVEL there must exist at least one event in the
equals 15,
CRASH EVENTS where AREAS OF
IMPACT (THIS VEHICLE) equals 18 or
19, and the corresponding event in that
row equals 08-10, 15, 18 or 49.
AREAS OF IMPACT (THIS VEHICLE) there should be a previous event
equals 18,
involving that vehicle where the CRASH
EVENTS event equals 60.

(8L8R)
(8L8S)

(8L8T)

(8L8U)

(8L8V)

(8L8X)

2015

445

V28
IF
(8L9P)

(BZ10)

(BZ20)

(FP1F)
(VH81)
(VH82)
(VH83)

(VH84)

(VH85)

(VH86)

(VH87)

446

BODY TYPE does not equal 80-83,
88-91, and the CRASH EVENTS
event equals 54, and the
corresponding AREAS OF IMPACT
(THIS VEHICLE) equals 19 in that
row,
CRITICAL EVENT – PRECRASH
(EVENT) equals 53,

THEN
there should be a previous event with
CRASH EVENTS event equal to 18 or
73 involving that vehicle.

AREAS OF IMPACT-INITIAL CONTACT
POINT should not equal 12 for this
vehicle.
CRITICAL EVENT – PRECRASH
AREAS OF IMPACT-INITIAL CONTACT
(EVENT) equals 51, 52,
POINT should not equal 06 for this
vehicle.
AREAS OF IMPACT – INITIAL CONTACT POINT equals blank, case status is
flawed.
any DAMAGED AREAS equals 15 or
only that one values must be coded.
99,
EXTENT OF DAMAGE for this vehicle DAMAGED AREAS must not equal 15.
equals 2, 4, 6,
the only harmful SEQUENCE OF
DAMAGED AREAS should equal 15.
EVENTS for this vehicle equals
04-06,
the only harmful SEQUENCE OF
DAMAGED AREAS should not equal 15.
EVENTS for this vehicle equals
01-03, 16, 44, 51, 72,
AREAS OF IMPACT-INITIAL
DAMAGED AREAS should include at
CONTACT POINT equals 61-63,
least one of the codes 07-11, or
DAMAGED AREAS should equal 15.
AREAS OF IMPACT-INITIAL
DAMAGED AREAS should include at
CONTACT POINT equals 81-83,
least one of the codes 01-05, or
DAMAGED AREAS should equal 15.
HIT-AND-RUN equals 0, and AREAS the corresponding code should be
OF IMPACT-INITIAL CONTACT
included in DAMAGED AREAS, or
POINT equals 01-14,
DAMAGED AREAS should equal 15.

2015

V29

EXTENT OF DAMAGE
FORMAT: 1 numeric
SAS NAME: Vehicle.DEFORMED, Parkwork.PVEH_SEV
ELEMENT VALUES:
0
2
4
6
8
9

No Damage
Minor Damage
Functional Damage
Disabling Damage
Not Reported
Unknown

Definition: This element indicates the amount of damage sustained by this vehicle in this
crash as indicated in the case materials based on an operational damage scale.
Remarks:
0 (No Damage) is used when there is no damage indicated in the available information for this
vehicle.
2 (Minor Damage) is damage that does not disable or affect the operation of the motor
vehicle. This attribute is used when the case materials indicate damage to the vehicle to be
Minor or less than Functional and the vehicle is not towed due to damage.
Examples of 2 (Minor Damage) include: dented or bent fenders, bumpers, grills, body panels
and destroyed hubcaps.
4 (Functional Damage) is damage that is not disabling, but affects the operation of the motor
vehicle or its parts. This attribute is used when the available information specifically indicates
the damage is moderate or functional.
Examples of 4 (Functional Damage) include:







2015

doors, windows, hood and trunk lids that will not operate properly;
broken glass that obscures vision;
damage that would prevent the motor vehicle from passing an official motor vehicle
inspection;
tire damage even though the tire may have been changed at the scene;
bumpers that are loose;
headlamp or taillight damage that would make night driving hazardous but would not
affect daytime driving; and,
damage to turn signals, horn or windshield wipers, that makes them inoperative.
447

V29
6 (Disabling Damage) is damage that precludes departure of the motor vehicle from the crash
scene in its usual daylight-operating manner after simple repairs. As a result, the motor
vehicle would have had to have been towed, or carried from the crash scene, or assisted by an
emergency motor vehicle. This attribute should be used when the available information
specifically indicates disabling or severe damage. This attribute is also used when the damage
is indicated to be of greater magnitude than Functional (moderate), e.g., major, extensive,
totaled and the vehicle was towed from the scene.
8 (Not Reported)
If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable,
then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”.
Code 8 (Not Reported) in these two situations:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the information
to code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials)
2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case
materials).
9 (Unknown) is used when the available information specifically indicated the damage severity
to be unknown.
Note: There is a distinction between the cost to repair the damage and the degree to which the
damage affects the vehicle’s operability (totaled, under/over monetary threshold). Operational
damage is recorded here. For example, if the available information indicates that the vehicle
was totaled and the vehicle was towed away, use 6 (Disabling Damage). However, if the
available information indicates that the vehicle was totaled, but the vehicle was driven away,
use 4 (Functional Damage).
Consistency Checks:
IF
(3C0P)

UNIT TYPE equals 1, and EXTENT
OF DAMAGE equals 6,
(3C1P) EXTENT OF DAMAGE equals 0, 2,
(3C1Q) EXTENT OF DAMAGE equals 0, 2,
(3C2P)

VEHICLE REMOVAL equals 2,

(3C3P)

EXTENT OF DAMAGE equals 6,

448

THEN
VEHICLE REMOVAL should equal 2,
8, 9.
VEHICLE REMOVAL must not equal 2.
VEHICLE REMOVAL should equal 3 or
5.
EXTENT OF DAMAGE must equal 6, 8,
9.
VEHICLE REMOVAL must not equal 3.

2015

V29
IF
(3CA0)

EXTENT OF DAMAGE for this vehicle
equals 0,
(VH82) EXTENT OF DAMAGE for this vehicle
equals 2, 4, 6,

THEN
DAMAGED AREAS must equal 15.
DAMAGED AREAS must not equal 15.

Consistency Check (FARS ONLY):
(U370)

2015

UNLIKELY: EXTENT OF DAMAGE equals 8 if STATE NUMBER does not
equal 48, 49 or 53.

449

THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

450

2015

V30

VEHICLE REMOVAL
FORMAT: 1 numeric
SAS NAME: Vehicle.TOWED, Parkwork.PTOWED
ELEMENT VALUES:
2
3
5
8
9

Towed Due to Disabling Damage
Towed Not Due to Disabling Damage
Not Towed
Not Reported
Unknown

Definition: This data element describes the mode in which the vehicle left the scene of the
crash.
Remarks:
This data element describes the mode in which the vehicle left the scene of the crash. Towing
includes vehicles carried from the scene on a flatbed tow truck.
If the vehicle is a combination vehicle (power unit and at least one trailer), the power unit
and/or trailer(s) are considered when determining tow status. If the available information
indicates the power unit, or trailer of a combination unit, sustained enough damage to require
towing, consider this vehicle as towed due to damage.
GES SPECIAL INSTRUCTION:
For articulated light vehicles, that are not commercial, do not code Vehicle Removal as
“towed” if only the trailer portion of the combination is towed. The state specific tow
rules for sampling also apply here.
2 (Towed Due to Disabling Damage) is used for any towing which is due to disabling damage
caused by this crash which prohibits vehicle movement under its own power. Towed due to
disabling damage includes any towing when the reason for towing is unknown. In other words,
if a vehicle is reported in the case materials as towed but it cannot be determined whether it
was due to disabling damage or for other reasons, then the default assumption is that this
vehicle was towed due to disabling damage - the data element Extent of Damage can still be
8 (Not Reported) or 9 (Unknown).
If a vehicle was pushed by hand or by another vehicle after the crash because it was not
drivable, then use 2 (Towed Due to Disabling Damage).
If a vehicle was towed due to damage AND for other reasons such as driver arrest, then code
this vehicle as 2 (Towed Due to Disabling Damage).
2015

451

V30
3 (Towed Not Due to Disabling Damage) is used when the vehicle has been towed but the
towing results from other than disabling damage (e.g., minor damage, functional damage,
mired vehicles, driver arrested, injured driver, etc.).
5 (Not Towed) is used when it is specifically indicated in the available information that the
vehicle was not towed or when the preponderance of the information available indicates that
the vehicle was driven away or was not towed. Not Towed is also used when preponderance
of the information available indicates that the vehicle remained at the scene unless the
damage severity for the vehicle is noted as disabling on the PAR. If the preponderance of the
information available indicates that the vehicle remained at the scene and the damage severity
for the vehicle is noted as disabling on the PAR, then use 2 (Towed Due to Disabling
Damage).
NOTE: The PAR narrative may be used to supercede and/or clarify the above information.
8 (Not Reported)
If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable,
then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”.
Code 8 (Not Reported) in these two situations:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the information
to code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials)
2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case
materials).
9 (Unknown) is used when the investigating officer indicates it was unknown as to how the
vehicle was removed.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(3C0P)

THEN

UNIT TYPE equals 1, and EXTENT
OF DAMAGE equals 6,
(3C1P) EXTENT OF DAMAGE equals 0, 2,
(3C1Q) EXTENT OF DAMAGE equals 0, 2,
(3C2P)
(3C3P)
(U430)

452

VEHICLE REMOVAL should equal 2,
8, 9.
VEHICLE REMOVAL must not equal 2.
VEHICLE REMOVAL should equal 3 or
5.
VEHICLE REMOVAL equals 2,
EXTENT OF DAMAGE must equal 6, 8,
9.
EXTENT OF DAMAGE equals 6,
VEHICLE REMOVAL must not equal 3.
UNLIKELY: VEHICLE REMOVAL equals 8.

2015

V30
Consistency Checks (GES Only):
IF
(5A3P)

FINAL STRATUM equals 1, 5 or 6,

(5A4P)

FINAL STRATUM equals 1,

(5A5P)

FINAL STRATUM equals 5,

(5A6P)

FINAL STRATUM equals 2,

(VH88)

UNIT TYPE equals 1, and VEHICLE
REMOVAL equals 2, and BODY
TYPE equals 01-49 or 60-79,

2015

453

V30
IF
(VH89)
(VH90)
(VH91)

454

THEN
STRATUM should not equal 3.
FINAL STRATUM must not equal 4.
FINAL STRATUM must not equal 3.

2015

V31

SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
FORMAT: Read Only
SAS NAME: Cevent.SOE; Vevent.SOE
ELEMENT VALUES:
Non-Harmful Events:
61
Equipment Failure (blown tire, brake failure, etc.)
62
Separation of Units
63
Ran Off Roadway-Right
64
Ran Off Roadway-Left
79
Ran off Roadway - Direction Unknown
71
End Departure
65
Cross Median
68
Cross Centerline
66
Downhill Runaway
67
Vehicle Went Airborne
69
Re-entering Roadway
70
Non-harmful, Swaying Trailer/Jackknife
60
Cargo/Equipment Loss or Shift (non-harmful)
Non-Collision Harmful Events:
01
Rollover/Overturn
02
Fire/Explosion
03
Immersion or Partial Immersion
04
Gas Inhalation
51
Jackknife (harmful to this vehicle)
06
Injured in Vehicle (Non-Collision)
44
Pavement Surface Irregularity (Ruts, Potholes, Grates, etc.)
07
Other Non-Collision
72
Cargo/Equipment Loss or Shift (harmful to this vehicle)
16
Thrown or Falling Object
05
Fell/Jumped from Vehicle
Collision with Motor Vehicle In-Transport:
12
Motor Vehicle In-Transport
54
Motor Vehicle In-Transport Strikes or is Struck by Cargo, Persons or Objects Set-inMotion from/by Another Motor Vehicle In-Transport
55
Motor Vehicle In Motion Outside the Trafficway
Collision with Object Not Fixed:
08
Pedestrian
09
Pedalcyclist
10
Railway Vehicle
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11
49
18
15
14
45
73

Live Animal
Ridden Animal or Animal-Drawn Conveyance
Other Object (Not Fixed)
Non-Motorist on Personal Conveyance
Parked Motor Vehicle
Working Motor Vehicle
Object Fell From Motor Vehicle In-Transport

Collision with Fixed Object:
17
Boulder
19
Building
58
Ground
20
Impact Attenuator/Crash Cushion
50
Bridge Overhead Structure
21
Bridge Pier or Support
23
Bridge Rail (Includes Parapet)
24
Guardrail Face
52
Guardrail End
25
Concrete Traffic Barrier
57
Cable Barrier
26
Other Traffic Barrier
59
Traffic Sign Support
46
Traffic Signal Support
30
Utility Pole/Light Support
31
Other Post, Other Pole or Other Supports
32
Culvert
33
Curb
34
Ditch
35
Embankment
38
Fence
39
Wall
40
Fire Hydrant
41
Shrubbery
42
Tree (Standing Only)
48
Snow Bank
53
Mail Box
43
Other Fixed Object
99
Unknown
Definition: The events in sequence related to this motor vehicle, regardless of injury and/or
property damage. Code each event for this vehicle in the order in which they occur, time wise,
from the Police Accident Report (PAR) narrative and diagram.

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Remarks:
This data element is derived from the Crash Events Table. Recording of Crash Events ends at
the last harmful event of the entire crash. Therefore, a non-harmful event (e.g., Crossing the
Centerline) that occurs following the last harmful event of the crash will not be included.
Correction to the Sequence Events order must be made by revision to the Crash Events Table.
Non-Harmful Event:
61 (Equipment Failure) (blown tire, brake, etc.) Examples of equipment failure include blown
tires, brake failures, etc.
62 (Separation of Unit) is used when a trailing unit separates from its power unit or another
trailing unit(s). This applies to truck tractors with trailer(s), single-unit trucks with a trailer and
other vehicles pulling a trailer (e.g., car pulling a boat or motor home).
63 (Ran Off Roadway-Right) is used if the vehicle runs off the right side of the roadway.
Identification of running off roadway can be determined from the case materials. This attribute
can be used anytime in the event sequence before or after any harmful events. This attribute
does not apply to the "load" in cases involving Areas of Impact 18 (Cargo/Vehicle Parts SetIn-Motion) or 19 (Other Objects Set-In-Motion).
64 (Ran Off Roadway-Left) is used if the vehicle runs off the left side of the roadway.
Identification of running off roadway can be determined from the case materials. This attribute
can be used anytime in the event sequence before or after any harmful events. This attribute
does not apply to the "load" in cases involving Areas of Impact 18 (Cargo/Vehicle Parts SetIn-Motion) or 19 (Other Objects Set-In-Motion).
63 Ran Off Roadway, Right

64 Ran Off Roadway, Left

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Coding Guidelines for Running Off Roadway (Right or Left)
For Divided Highways:
On a divided highway, a vehicle can run off the roadway by leaving the roadway and entering
the median. When this occurs involving a vehicle on the correct side of a divided highway, the
proper “Ran Off Roadway” attribute is always 64 (Ran Off Roadway - Left). 64 (Ran Off
Roadway - Left) will also apply in situations where the vehicle traverses the median and
continues across the opposing roadway.
For vehicles turning at “T-intersections”:
For “T-intersections” when the vehicle loses control when in a turn, choose right or left based
upon the direction of travel for the vehicle’s proper travel lane for their intended travel path.
For vehicles traveling straight through “T-Intersections” use 71 (End Departure). See
diagrams below.
71 (End Departure) is used if the vehicle leaves the roadway by traveling straight through the
top of a “T-intersection” of a two-way trafficway or top of an intersecting one-way roadway.
This code should also apply to vehicles traveling off the end of dead end roadways or into the
barrier of a closed trafficway. See diagrams below.

71 – End Departure

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opposing travel lane(s). This attribute does not apply to the "load" in cases involving Areas of
Impact 18 (Cargo/Vehicle Parts Set-In-Motion) or 19 (Other Objects Set-In-Motion).
66 (Downhill Runaway) refers to any vehicle that cannot decelerate on a downhill grade.
67 (Vehicle Went Airborne) must only be used if the officer indicates by narrative or diagram
that the vehicle left the ground (excludes vehicles going airborne during a rollover event).
Examples: the vehicle drove off a cliff, the vehicle was launched into the air after striking
another vehicle or after traversing a berm.
69 (Re-entering Roadway) is used when a vehicle that departed the roadway portion of the
trafficway returns to the same roadway (e.g., a motor vehicle in transport runs off the roadway
right, strikes the guardrail face, then re-enters the roadway and collides with another motor
vehicle in transport). This attribute does not apply to the "load" in cases involving Areas of
Impact 18 (Cargo/Vehicle Parts Set-In-Motion) or 19 (Other Objects Set-In-Motion).
70 (Non-harmful, Swaying Trailer/Jackknife) applies to a condition that occurs to an
articulated vehicle, (any vehicle with a trailing unit(s) connected by a hitch; e.g., truck tractor or
single-unit truck with one or more trailers, articulated bus, car pulling a boat on a trailer, etc.)
while in motion. The condition reflects a loss of control of the vehicle by the driver in which the
trailer(s) yaws from its normal straight-line path behind the power unit.
60 (Cargo/Equipment Loss or Shift [non-harmful]) refers specifically to the loss or shift of
items carried on or in a motor vehicle or its trailing unit, and not to the vehicle, its parts or
trailing unit, itself. This attribute should never be used:
1. to refer to a “collision” event (see 54 (Motor Vehicle In-Transport Strikes or is Struck
by Cargo, Persons or Objects Set-in-Motion from/by Another Motor Vehicle InTransport))
2. to a harmful event related to the loss or shift of cargo in/on a vehicle causing damage to
that vehicle, its cargo, or injury to its occupants (see 72 (Cargo/Equipment Loss or
Shift [harmful to this vehicle])).
Examples:




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Examples:



Non-Collision Harmful Events:
01 (Rollover/Overturn) is used when a motor vehicle rotates (rollover) at least one quarter
turn onto its side or end.
NOTES regarding 01 (Rollover/Overturn):





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As it pertains to the occurrence of 02 (Fire/Explosion), the crash circumstances are not
considered stabilized until the threat of damage to this vehicle, or injury consequences to this
vehicle's occupants, has ceased. Therefore, the crash sequence is not considered stabilized
until all occupants have exited the vehicle and the scene has been declared safe by police or
other authority. Fires that occur at a later time to vehicles abandoned at the scene (e.g., in
open fields, on hillsides, etc.) or to vehicles removed from the scene to another location (tow
yard, curbside, etc.) are not considered part of the crash sequence.
03 (Immersion or Partial Immersion) is used when an in-transport motor vehicle enters a
body of water and results in injury or damage. This code would also be used if the vehicle
came to rest in water and the depth cannot be ascertained from case materials. NOTE: In
immersion fatalities the injury to the person may be noted as “drowning”.
04 (Gas Inhalation) includes injury or death as a result of toxic fumes, such as carbon
monoxide fumes leaking from a motor vehicle in-transport.
51 (Jackknife [harmful to this vehicle]) applies to a condition that occurs to an articulated
vehicle, (any vehicle with a trailing unit(s) connected by a hitch; e.g., truck tractor or single-unit
truck with one or more trailers, articulated bus, car pulling a boat on a trailer, etc.) while in
motion. The condition reflects a loss of control of the vehicle by the driver in which the
trailer(s) yaws from its normal straight-line path behind the power unit, striking the power unit,
causing damage to the power unit or trailer. Jackknife should only be coded as a harmful
event if there is clear indication of damage to the jackknifed vehicle or injury to its occupants
caused by the jackknife.
06 (Injured in Vehicle [Non-Collision]) is used when an occupant is injured during an
unstabilized situation without a collision, excluding cargo/equipment loss or shift. Examples:
Driver slams on brake, causing an unrestrained passenger to be injured. Driver makes a
sharp turn causing driver to strike head on side window, knocking driver unconscious.
44 (Pavement Surface Irregularity [ruts, potholes, grates, etc.]) is used when the
pavement surface irregularity is on a roadway. Other examples include indication of
contact with a dip, depression, low spot, trough, etc.) If the impact is with a surface
irregularity (e.g. ruts, potholes) not on a roadway use the 58 (Ground). For a vehicle that
"bottoms out" on the roadway (causing damage) due to speed but not because of a
pavement surface irregularity, use attribute 07 (Other Non-Collision).
07 (Other Non-Collision). Non-collision not captured in the listed non-collision attributes.
Examples:

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16 (Thrown or Falling Object) is used when any object (1) is thrown (intentionally or
unintentionally) and impacts an in-transport vehicle, or (2) falls onto, into, or in the path of an
in-transport motor vehicle. If a tree limb falls from a tree and is contacted by a car, enter 16
(Thrown or Falling Object). If a person maliciously throws an object off an overpass into
traffic below, enter 16 (Thrown or Falling Object). This excludes contacts made by loads or
objects set in-motion by a motor vehicle (see 54 (Motor Vehicle In-Transport Strikes or is
Struck by Cargo, Persons or Objects Set-in-Motion from/by Another Motor Vehicle InTransport)).
72 (Cargo/Equipment Loss or Shift [harmful to this vehicle]) refers specifically to the loss
or shift of items carried on or in a motor vehicle or its trailing unit, and not to the vehicle, its
parts or trailing unit, itself. This attribute is only used when the injury- or damage-producing
event in the crash is the loss or shift of cargo in/on a vehicle causing damage to that vehicle,
its cargo, or injury to its occupants. This attribute should never be used to refer to a “collision”
event (see 54 (Motor Vehicle In-Transport Strikes or is Struck by Cargo, Persons or
Objects Set-in-Motion from/by Another Motor Vehicle In-Transport))
Example:
A pickup truck brakes rapidly to avoid a collision. This causes a piece of lumber in the pickup
bed to smash through the rear window.
05 (Fell/Jumped from Vehicle) is used when an occupant of this vehicle falls or jumps (not
suicide) from the vehicle causing injury. For example, an occupant of a motor vehicle intransport leans against the car door, it opens and the occupant falls out; or a person riding on
a vehicle’s exterior (hood, roof, running board, etc.) falls or jumps, and is injured by the fall. If
an occupant falls or jumps from a vehicle and is struck by that vehicle, use this attribute.
Collision with Motor Vehicle In-Transport:
12 (Motor Vehicle In-Transport) is used when the injury- or damage-producing event is two
motor vehicles in-transport making contact within the trafficway boundaries. In-transport
means that the motor vehicle is in-motion or on the roadway portion of a trafficway.
54 (Motor Vehicle In-Transport Strikes or is Struck by Cargo, Persons or Objects Set-inMotion from/by Another Motor Vehicle In-Transport) is used when the injury- or damageproducing event is two motor vehicles in-transport making contact by something set-in-motion
by one of the vehicles. In these circumstances, both vehicles will have this attribute
extracted and included in their SEQUENCE OF EVENTS.
In crashes involving harmful events caused by objects set-in-motion by a motor vehicle intransport, remember that a vehicle’s load is considered to be part of the vehicle.
Examples:


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in-Motion from/by Another Motor Vehicle In-Transport) and the AREA OF IMPACT
(THIS VEHICLE) column is coded 18 (Cargo/Vehicle Parts Set-In-Motion).


If an in-transport vehicle strikes an at-rest object in the roadway that was previously
cargo or part of another motor vehicle in-transport, the SEQUENCE OF EVENTS for
that event is 73 (Object Fell From Motor Vehicle In-Transport). If that object is then
propelled into another motor vehicle in-transport, the proper SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
attribute for this next event is 54 (Motor Vehicle In-Transport Strikes or is Struck by
Cargo, Persons or Objects Set-in-Motion from/by Another Motor Vehicle InTransport) and the AREA OF IMPACT (THIS VEHICLE) column is coded 19 (Other
Objects Set-In-Motion).



If an in-transport vehicle strikes an at-rest object in the roadway that was not cargo or
part of another motor vehicle in-transport, the SEQUENCE OF EVENTS for that event is
18 (Other Object [Not Fixed]). If that object is then propelled into another motor
vehicle in-transport, the proper SEQUENCE OF EVENTS code for this next event is 54
(Motor Vehicle In-Transport Strikes or is Struck by Cargo, Persons or Objects Setin- Motion from/by Another Motor Vehicle In-Transport) and the AREA OF IMPACT
(THIS VEHICLE) column is coded 19 (Other Objects Set-In-Motion).



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Example:
A vehicle loses control attempting to turn into a gas station and strikes another vehicle pulling
away from the pump in the station lot.
Collision with Object Not Fixed:
08 (Pedestrian) is used for all those not on a personal conveyance. A person pushing a
vehicle should be coded 08 (Pedestrian). A person being carried by another person should
also be considered a 08 (Pedestrian).
09 (Pedalcyclist) is used for any person on a non-motorized other road vehicle propelled by
pedaling. Examples include a bicycle, tricycle, unicycle or pedal car.
10 (Railway Vehicle) is any land vehicle that is (1) designed primarily for, or in use for, moving
persons or property from one place to another on rails and (2) not in use on a land way other
than a railway.
Inclusions:
— Street car on private way

Exclusions:
— Street car operating on trafficway

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Inclusions:
1) Rideable toys
- Roller Skates, in-line skates
- Skateboards
- Skates
- Baby carriage
- Scooters
- Toy Wagons
2) Motorized rideable toys
- Motorized skateboard
- Motorized toy car

14 (Parked Motor Vehicle) is used when the impact occurred between a motor vehicle intransport and a motor vehicle neither on a roadway nor in motion. A vehicle stopped off the
roadway, its door open over a roadway, is not in-transport.
45 (Working Motor Vehicle) is used to indicate the motor vehicle contacted was in the act of
performing construction, maintenance or utility work related to the trafficway when it became
an involved unit. This “work” may be located within open or closed portions of the trafficway
and motor vehicles performing these activities can be within or outside the trafficway
boundaries. This code does not include private construction/maintenance vehicles, or vehicles
such as garbage trucks, delivery trucks, taxis, emergency vehicles, tow trucks, etc.
Examples:
1. Asphalt/steam roller working in a highway construction zone paving the roadway or

flattening dirt.

2. State highway maintenance crew painting lane lines on the road, mowing grass on the

roadside or median, repairing potholes, removing debris from the roadway, etc.

3. Utility truck or a “cherry picker”, performing maintenance on power lines along the roadway

or maintaining a traffic signal.

4. A private excavating company contracted by the State digging the foundation for a new

overpass.

5. A state, county, or privately owned snow plow, plowing ice/snow as part of a highway

maintenance activity.
6. Street sweeper sweeping the street.
7. A vehicle in a mobile work convoy displaying arrow boards or other signaling devices
warning motorists of the work activity.
8. A law enforcement vehicle which is participating strictly in a stationary construction or
mobile maintenance activity as a traffic slowing, control, signaling or calming influence.

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FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION:
NOTE: Before 2004, this code was called Transport Device Used as Equipment. It
included other working activities in addition to construction, maintenance and utility work on
trafficways. From 2004 forward, code “45” excludes working activities other than highway
construction, maintenance or utility vehicles (e.g., garbage truck picking up trash,
mail/delivery trucks while making deliveries, personal vehicles plowing snow, etc. These
are considered motor vehicles In-transport). Use Related Factors-Vehicle Level code 42
(Other Working Vehicle [Not Construction, Maintenance, Utility, Police, Fire, or EMS
Vehicle]) to identify these vehicles.
A question may arise when a police, fire or emergency medical vehicle is struck on the
roadway while at the scene of a crash, at a traffic stop, or as traffic control. The question
becomes, “has its function changed from being a motor vehicle in-transport to a working
vehicle?” The answer is “no.” Treat these situations as a motor vehicle in-transport striking
another motor vehicle in-transport. Use Related Factors-Vehicle Level code 41 (Police, Fire,
or EMS Vehicle Working at the Scene of an Emergency or Performing Other Traffic
Control Activities) to identify that this vehicle was struck while performing these work
activities.
73 (Object Fell From Motor Vehicle In-Transport) is used when a motor vehicle in- transport
impacts a non-fixed object at rest that is known to have been the cargo or part of another
motor vehicle in-transport. Do not use this attribute for debris from a prior crash.
For example if cargo that fell from a vehicle and was at rest in the roadway is struck this
attribute would apply. If the cargo was at rest in the roadway as a result of a prior
accident, use attribute 18 (Other Object [Not Fixed]).
Collision with Fixed Object:
The attributes 58 (Ground), 33 (Curb), 34 (Ditch) and 35 (Embankment) are grouped under
the Collision with Fixed Object subset because they are intended to be harmful events in the
crash (i.e. – they are associated with an impact that produces injury or damage).
When coding these events there must be fields on the PAR or verbiage in the narrative such
as "struck", "hit", "impacted", etc. that identify these as harmful.
For cases where the indication of the harmful event came from the narrative, there may not be
a corresponding indication of damage in any PAR field. In these instances code the harmful
event as stated in the narrative and include the corresponding attribute under Areas of Impact.
If there is no indication of damage from contact with the fixed object in fields on the PAR and
the narrative language does not identify it as a harmful event (e.g., “came to rest on the
embankment" or "drove through" or "drove across" the ditch and/or the embankment, or "drove
over" the curb do not code 33 (Curb), 34 (Ditch) or 35 (Embankment) in the Sequence of
Events.

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Guidelines for PAR Combination Attributes:
If there is no clarification in the case materials, default to the first attribute listed in the
combination. For example, if a PAR attribute identifies "Earth Embankment/Rockcut /Ditch",
code "Embankment" unless the narrative clearly indicates one of the other attributes (e.g.
"rockcut" or "ditch").
17 (Boulder) is a rock of sufficient mass that when struck by a motor vehicle moves very little
and remains basically intact.
19 (Building) is used when the vehicle impacts a roofed and walled structure built for
permanent use. The type of construction material used is not of interest, nor is the use of the
building.
58 (Ground) is used when the impact is with an earthen or paved surface off of the roadway.
58 (Ground) is not to be entered when the harmful event is 01 (Rollover/Overturn).
Indication of furrowing, gouging, or digging in of the tires/wheels is not sufficient to
code the collision event 58 (Ground). For example, if the PAR narrative states; “the
trucks tires dug into the turf causing the vehicle to rollover” the harmful event should
be 01 (Rollover/Overturn).





23 – Bridge Rail (Includes Parapet)

















50 – Bridge
Overhead Structure
(when struck
from below)

21 – Bridge Pier or Support

2015

21 – Bridge Pier
or Support

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20 (Impact Attenuator/Crash Cushion) is a device for controlling the absorption of energy
released during vehicle collision (crash cushion). Its most common application involves the
protection of fixed roadside objects such as bridge piers, elevated gores at exit ramps, etc.
Examples include barrels filled with water or sand, and plastic collapsible structures.
50 (Bridge Overhead Structure) is used when striking the bottom of a bridge while traveling
on a trafficway underneath it.
21 (Bridge Pier or Support) is a square or round column of stone, concrete, brick, steel or
wood for supporting a bridge between abutments. This attribute includes the bridge abutments
which are supporting the ends of a bridge. Abutments are generally designed for retaining or
supporting the embankment under bridge ends and composed of stone, concrete, brick or
wood (includes the wing-walls).
23 (Bridge Rail [Includes Parapet]) is a wooden, brick, stone, concrete or metal fence-like
structure which runs along the outermost edge of the roadway or sidewalk on the bridge or a
rail constructed along the top of a parapet. Balustrade is often used synonymously with
parapet.


Bridges do not need to support another roadway. It may be an overpass for a train or
even for a viaduct (water conduit).

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59 (Traffic Sign Support) is used when the post supporting a traffic sign, or the sign itself, is
hit by a motor vehicle in-transport. This includes mile marker posts and signs above the
trafficway.
46 (Traffic Signal Support) is used when the post supporting a traffic signal, or the signal
itself, is hit by a motor vehicle in-transport.
30 (Utility Pole/Light Support) refers to supports for highway lighting systems, not including
other private lighting systems (e.g., parking lot lights). 30 (Utility Pole/Light Support) is used
for electrical, telephone, cable & other utility pole-type supports.
31 (Other Post, Other Pole or Other Supports) is used for posts other than highway signs.
(e.g., reflectors on poles along side of roadway, parking meters, flag poles, etc.). For mail box
posts, use 53 (Mail Box).
32 (Culvert) is a man-made drain or channel crossing under a road, sidewalk, etc.
33 (Curb) is a concrete or asphalt structure that borders the roadway. It provides drainage
control and pavement edge delineation. The face of the curb may be sloped or vertical.
Ensure that the PAR provides some indication that damage has occurred when a vehicle
strikes a curb. This attribute includes collisions with curbing that forms raised islands, medians,
or separators. For example, if the report identifies the vehicle struck/collided with a traffic
island, channelizing island, raised median or separator use 33 (Curb) not 43 (Other Fixed
Object).
34 (Ditch) includes any man-made structure for drainage purposes. A ditch ends where a
culvert begins and resumes on the opposite side of the culvert. Reference to a “ditchbank”,
“embankment of the ditch”, or “ditch embankment” should be coded under 34 (Ditch).
35 (Embankment) is a raised structure to hold back water, to carry a roadway or the result of
excavation or washout (including erosion) which may be faced with earth (or rock, stone or
concrete). A 35 (Embankment) can usually be differentiated from a 39 (Wall) by its incline
whereas a wall is usually vertical. However, there are exceptions to this; such as a retaining
wall that may be inclined or a vertical embankment that is caused by a natural event such as a
washout.
In crashes involving a field approach or driveway crossing, use attribute 35
(Embankment) when no specific components (e.g., culverts or ditches) are identified.
38 (Fence) includes the fence posts. A Fence can be made of wood, chain link, stone, etc.
39 (Wall) is a primarily vertical structure composed of concrete, metal, timber or stone which is
not part of a building or a fence but typically is used for retaining earth, abating noise, and
separating areas (but not for containment as in the primary function of a fence). Also included
as a 39 (Wall) are headwalls (or endwalls) that are sometimes provided on culvert ends

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principally to protect the sides of the embankment around the culvert opening against erosion.
This does not include wing-walls, which are attached to ends of bridge abutments and extend
back at an angle from the roadway. Wingwalls should be coded as 21 (Bridge Pier or
Support).
40 (Fire Hydrant) refers to the roadside device used by fire departments to provide water for
fighting fires. Usually made of steel, these devices are also referred to as fire plugs or fire
stand pipes in some areas.
41 (Shrubbery) refers to vegetation which is usually of a woody multi-stemmed variety and in
most instances is low growing rather than tall. May also be called bushes. Some common
examples are boxwood, hawthorn and mountain laurel.
42 (Tree [Standing Only]) is used when a vehicle strikes a standing tree. This includes
impacts from overhanging branches, tree stumps or large cactus (Saguaro). If a vehicle
strikes a tree lying in the roadway, use 18 (Other Object [Not Fixed]). If a tree falls on a
vehicle as it is passing by, use 16 (Thrown or Falling Object).
48 (Snow Bank) is used when snowfall and/or road plowing creates essentially fixed barriers
of snow/ice which are not snow-covered earth or rock embankments.
53 (Mail Box) refers to a private residence mail/newspaper box including the post. A cluster of
private mailboxes is included in this attribute. This element does not include U.S. Mailbox,
which are typically blue and are for general public use. Code a U.S. Mailbox as 43 (Other
Fixed Object).
43 (Other Fixed Object) is used when the object is fixed (considered a permanent structure)
and is not described by any of the other fixed object attributes. This attribute excludes
collisions with curbing that forms raised islands, medians, or separators (See also 33 (Curb).)
Examples:




Bus shelters
Pedestrian walkways
Toll booths




Guy wires supporting utility poles
U. S. Mailbox for public use

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


"Bridge", then use 23 (Bridge Rail [Includes Parapet]) when the vehicle is on top
of the bridge, when the vehicle is going under the bridge, then use 21 (Bridge Pier
or Support)
"Barrier", then use 26 (Other Traffic Barrier)

99 (Unknown) is used when police indicate unknown.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(1Z0N)
(1Z1N)
(1Z1P)
(1Z2P)

(2Z0F)
(4Z0P)
(4Z1P)
(5Z0F)
(671F)
(6Z0F)
(7Z0F)
(8L8Q)
(8L8R)

2015

THEN

SEQUENCE OF EVENTS for this vehicle should not include more than one
occurrence of 01. Please see SEQUENCE OF EVENTS remarks for 01
(Rollover/Overturn) to confirm coding.
SEQUENCE OF EVENTS for this vehicle should not equal 01, 67 consecutively or
67, 01 consecutively.
any SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals
ROADWAY GRADE should equal 6 for
66,
this vehicle.
any SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals
ROLLOVER must equal 1, 2, 9.
01, and (BODY TYPE equals 01-79,
82, 90-99, or any RELATED
FACTORS-VEHICLE LEVEL equals
30),
any SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals
NUMBER OF VEHICLE FORMS
12, 14, 45, 54, 55,
SUBMITTED must be greater than 001.
SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals 02,
FIRE OCCURRENCE for this vehicle must
equal 1.
UNIT TYPE equals 1 and FIRE
at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
OCCURRENCE equals 1,
must equal 02.
SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals 08,
at least one person must have PERSON
TYPE equal to 05, 10.
the only harmful event in the
CRITICAL EVENT – PRECRASH
SEQUENCE OF EVENTS for this
(EVENT) must equal 98.
vehicle equals 02 or 04,
SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals 09,
at least one person must have PERSON
TYPE equal to 06, 07.
any SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals
at least one occupant of this vehicle
05, 06,
(PERSON TYPES 01, 02, 09) must have
INJURY SEVERITY equal to 1-5, or blank.
AREAS OF IMPACT (THIS VEHICLE) the corresponding event in that row must
equals 18 or 19 in the CRASH
not equal 12 or 55.
EVENTS,
the CRASH EVENTS event equals 54, AREAS OF IMPACT (THIS VEHICLE)
must equal 18 or 19 in that row.

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IF
(8L8S)

(8L8T)

(8L8U)

(8L8V)

(8L8X)

(8L9P)

(8Z0F)

(9B9P)
(A041)

(A230)
(A520)
(A521)
(A495)

472

AREAS OF IMPACT (THIS VEHICLE)
equals 18 or 19 in the CRASH
EVENTS and the corresponding event
in that row equals 14, 45 or 54,
RELATED FACTORS-CRASH LEVEL
equals 14,

AREAS OF IMPACT (THIS VEHICLE)
equals 18 or 19 in the CRASH
EVENTS and the corresponding event
in that row equals 08, 09, 15, 49,
RELATED FACTORS-CRASH LEVEL
equals 15,

THEN
RELATED FACTORS-CRASH LEVEL
must equal 14.

there must exist at least one event in the
CRASH EVENTS where AREAS OF
IMPACT (THIS VEHICLE or OTHER
VEHICLE) equals 18 or 19 and the
corresponding event in that row equals 14,
45 or 54.
RELATED FACTORS-CRASH LEVEL
must equal 15.

there must exist at least one event in the
CRASH EVENTS where AREAS OF
IMPACT (THIS VEHICLE) equals 18 or
19, and the corresponding event in that
row equals 08-10, 15, 18 or 49.
AREAS OF IMPACT (THIS VEHICLE) there should be a previous event involving
equals 18,
that vehicle where the CRASH EVENTS
event equals 60.
BODY TYPE does not equal 80-83,
there should be a previous event with
88-91, and the CRASH EVENTS event CRASH EVENTS event equal to 18 or 73
equals 54, and the corresponding
involving that vehicle.
AREAS OF IMPACT (THIS VEHICLE)
equals 19 in that row,
any SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals
at least one Person Level (Not a MV
15,
Occupant) form must have a PERSON
TYPE code of 08.
any SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals
there must be at least one other vehicle
55,
with UNIT TYPE equal to 1.
CRASH MONTH equals 05-09,
SEQUENCE OF EVENTS, FIRST
HARMFUL EVENT, MOST HARMFUL
EVENT should not equal 48.
SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals 10,
LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM
(b) should not equal 01-03.
SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals 10,
TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE should not
equal 01-09, 20-29, 40-50, 98.
any SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals SPEED LIMIT should equal 05-50, 98 or
46,
99 for this vehicle.
TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION equals the first event in SEQUENCES OF
0,
EVENTS for this vehicle should not equal
63, 64, 69 or 71.

2015

V31
IF
(A612)

(A613)

(A614)

(A615)

(A616)

(A617)

(A618)

(A619)

(A61A)

(A61B)

(AL1P)
(AL2P)

2015

PERSON TYPE equals 04, and
NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE
STRIKING NON-MOTORIST
equals___,
PERSON TYPE equals 05, and
NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE
STRIKING NON-MOTORIST
equals___,
PERSON TYPE equals 06, and
NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE
STRIKING NON-MOTORIST
equals___,
PERSON TYPE equals 07, and
NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE
STRIKING NON-MOTORIST
equals___,
PERSON TYPE equals 08, and
NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE
STRIKING NON-MOTORIST
equals___,
PERSON TYPE equals 10, and
NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE
STRIKING NON-MOTORIST
equals___,
PERSON TYPE equals 19, and
NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE
STRIKING NON-MOTORIST
equals___,
the total count of PERSON TYPES is
equal to 05 for the vehicle in
NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE
STRIKING NON-MOTORIST is ____,
the total count of PERSON TYPES is
equal to 08 for the vehicle in
NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE
STRIKING NON-MOTORIST is ____,
the total count of PERSON TYPES is
equal to 10 for the vehicle in
NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE
STRIKING NON-MOTORIST is ____,
SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals 51,
62, 70,
SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals 45,

THEN
at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
must equal 10 or 49 for that vehicle
number in the CRASH EVENTS table.
at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
must equal 08 for that vehicle number
in the CRASH EVENTS table.
at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
must equal 09 for that vehicle number
in the CRASH EVENTS table.
at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
must equal 09 for that vehicle number
in the CRASH EVENTS table.
at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
must equal 15 for that vehicle number
in the CRASH EVENTS table.
at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
must equal 08 for that vehicle number
in the CRASH EVENTS table.
at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
must equal 99 for that vehicle number
in the CRASH EVENTS table.
the number of events equal to 08 in the
CRASH EVENTS table should equal
____ for that vehicle.
the number of events equal to 15 in the
CRASH EVENTS table should equal
____ for that vehicle.
the number of events equal to 08 in the
CRASH EVENTS table should equal
____ for that vehicle.
VEHICLE TRAILING must not equal 0.
WORK ZONE should equal 1-4.

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IF
(AL5P)

(AL6P)

If UNIT TYPE equals 1,

THEN
at least one event in the SEQUENCE OF
EVENTS must equal the MOST
HARMFUL EVENT.
at least one event in the SEQUENCE OF
EVENTS must equal __.
JACKKNIFE must equal 2, 3.

MOST HARMFUL EVENT equals __,
and UNIT TYPE equals 1,
(AL8P) SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals 51,
70,
one RELATED FACTORS-CRASH LEVEL
(AM1P) FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 54
must equal 14.
or 73, or SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
equals 54, 73 for any vehicle,
TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION should
(AM2P) any SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals
equal 3, 6.
25 or 57,
at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
(BZ40) CRITICAL EVENT - PRECRASH
must equal 61 for this vehicle.
(EVENT) equals 01,
at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
(BZ50) CRITICAL EVENT - PRECRASH
(EVENT) equals 12, and PRE-IMPACT must equal 64 for this vehicle.
LOCATION is not equal to 5,
at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
(BZ60) CRITICAL EVENT - PRECRASH
(EVENT) equals 13, and PRE-IMPACT must equal 63 for this vehicle.
LOCATION is not equal to 5,
at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
(BZ70) CRITICAL EVENT - PRECRASH
must equal 71 for this vehicle.
(EVENT) equals 14,
at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
(BZ90) CRASH TYPE equals 01-05, and
PRE-IMPACT LOCATION is not equal prior to the first harmful event must equal
63.
to 0 or 5,
(BZ91) CRASH TYPE equals 06-10, and
at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
PRE-IMPACT LOCATION is not equal prior to the first harmful event must equal
to 0 or 5,
64.
(PB00) PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS for
CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN equals the striking vehicle must equal 08 or 15.
110-910,
(PB02) PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS for
CRASH TYPE - BICYCLE equals
the striking vehicle must equal 09.
111-980,
(U651) UNLIKELY: SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals 62, 60 consecutively.
(U652) UNLIKELY: SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals 01, 58 or 58, 01 consecutively.
(V74P) UNIT TYPE equals 1, and ROLLOVER at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
equals 1, 2, 9, or LOCATION OF
must equal 01 for this vehicle.
ROLLOVER equals
1-7, 9,
(V750) UNDERRIDE/OVERRIDE equals 1-3,
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT or at least one
SEQUENCE OF EVENTS (for this
vehicle) should equal 12, 55.

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IF
(V760)

UNDERRIDE/OVERRIDE equals 4-6,

(V770)

UNDERRIDE/OVERRIDE equals 7,

(V780)

UNDERRIDE/OVERRIDE equals 8,

(V990)

any SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals
61,
UNIT TYPE equals 2-4,

(VH70)
(VH83)
(VH84)

2015

the only harmful SEQUENCE OF
EVENTS for this vehicle equals
04-06,
the only harmful SEQUENCE OF
EVENTS for this vehicle equals
01-03, 16, 44, 51, 72,

THEN
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT or at least one
SEQUENCE OF EVENTS (for this
vehicle) should equal 14, 45.
at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS (for
this vehicle) must equal 12, 55.
at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS (for
this vehicle) must equal 14, 45.
CONTRIBUTING CIRCUMSTANCES,
MOTOR VEHICLE should not equal 00.
elements V15, V24, V31 must all be left
blank.
DAMAGED AREAS should equal 15.
DAMAGED AREAS should not equal 15.

475

THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

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MOST HARMFUL EVENT
FORMAT: 2 numeric
SAS NAME: Vehicle.M_HARM; parkwork.PM_HARM
ELEMENT VALUES:
Non-Collision Most Harmful Events:
01
Rollover/Overturn
02
Fire/Explosion
03
Immersion or Partial Immersion
04
Gas Inhalation
51
Jackknife (harmful to this vehicle)
06
Injured in Vehicle (Non-Collision)
44
Pavement Surface Irregularity (Ruts, Potholes, Grates, etc.)
07
Other Non-Collision
16
Thrown or Falling Object
72
Cargo/Equipment Loss or Shift (harmful to this vehicle)
05
Fell/Jumped from Vehicle
Collision with Motor Vehicle In-Transport:
12
Motor Vehicle In-Transport
54
Motor Vehicle In-Transport Strikes or is Struck by Cargo, Persons or Objects Set-inMotion from/by Another Motor Vehicle In-Transport
55
Motor Vehicle In Motion Outside the Trafficway
Collision with Object Not Fixed:
08
Pedestrian
09
Pedalcyclist
10
Railway Vehicle
11
Live Animal
49
Ridden Animal or Animal Drawn Conveyance
18
Other Object (Not Fixed)
15
Non-Motorist on Personal Conveyance
14
Parked Motor Vehicle
45
Working Motor Vehicle
73
Object Fell From Motor Vehicle In-Transport
Collision with Fixed Object:
17
Boulder
19
Building
58
Ground
20
Impact Attenuator/Crash Cushion
50
Bridge Overhead Structure
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V32
21
23
24
52
25
57
26
59
46
30
31
32
33
34
35
38
39
40
41
42
48
53
43
99

Bridge Pier or Support
Bridge Rail (Includes Parapet)
Guardrail Face
Guardrail End
Concrete Traffic Barrier
Cable Barrier
Other Traffic Barrier
Traffic Sign Support
Traffic Signal Support
Utility Pole/Light Support
Other Post, Other Pole or Other Supports
Culvert
Curb
Ditch
Embankment
Fence
Wall
Fire Hydrant
Shrubbery
Tree (Standing Only)
Snow Bank
Mail Box
Other Fixed Object
Unknown

Definition: This element identifies the event that resulted in the most severe injury or, if no
injury, the greatest property damage involving this motor vehicle.
Remarks:
Must be the major event FOR THIS VEHICLE, even if different from the FIRST HARMFUL
EVENT.
Code for each vehicle. May be different for each vehicle.
Code using the following hierarchy:
(A) FATALITIES take precedence over INJURIES.
1. If this vehicle is involved in more than one event which causes fatality to its own
occupants or to persons not in a motor vehicle, choose the event which causes the
greatest number of fatalities to occupants of this vehicle or to persons not in a motor
vehicle (not occupants of other vehicles).
2. If this vehicle is involved in more than one event that causes fatality to its own
occupants or to non-motorists; and if there are an equal number of fatalities in each
such event, choose the fatal event that is worst with respect to other injuries and
property damage.

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3. At last resort, choose the fatal event that occurred first, time-wise.
(B) INJURIES take precedence over PROPERTY DAMAGE.
1. If the vehicle is not involved in events that cause fatality to its occupants or to nonmotorist, choose the event that produces the worst injury.
2. If in doubt, choose the event with the greatest number of injuries.
3. If in doubt, choose the event that occurred first, time-wise.
(C) If only PROPERTY DAMAGE results for this vehicle:
1. Choose the event causing the most damage.
2. If in doubt, choose the event that happened first, time-wise.
Non-Collision Most Harmful Events:
Non-Collision events involving motorcycles and vehicles with a “load”:
Non-Collision events may occur before or after a collision event. They should not be coded as
a separate event if they occur as part of a collision event.
Examples:




One tractor/trailer rear-ends another tractor/trailer. The impact pushes the lead
vehicle’s load into the back of the tractor cab with part falling onto the roadway. Code
the collision event, not the non-collision “cargo-loss or shift” that occurred as part of the
collision event.

Most Harmful Event Coding Procedures for Parked and Working Motor Vehicles
1. If the MOST HARMFUL EVENT for a parked/working motor vehicle is an impact
with a motor vehicle in-transport, use 12 (Motor Vehicle In-Transport).
a. Example: A parked motor vehicle (V2) is struck by an in-transport motor
vehicle (V1) and this is the most harmful event for the parked motor vehicle
(V2). The MOST HARMFUL EVENT for the parked motor vehicle (V2) is 12
(Motor Vehicle In-Transport).
2. If the MOST HARMFUL EVENT for a parked/working motor vehicle is an impact
with something after it has been set-in-motion, code that other thing.
a. Example: In a chain reaction crash, an in-transport motor vehicle (V1) strikes
a parked motor vehicle (V2) injuring the person sitting in the driver's seat of
V2. The parked motor vehicle (V2) is pushed into an unoccupied motor

2015

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V32
vehicle (V3) and the parked motor vehicle (V3) strikes and kills a pedestrian.
The MOST HARMFUL EVENT for parked motor vehicle (V3) is 08 (Pedestrian).
3. If the MOST HARMFUL EVENT for a parked/working motor vehicle is an impact
with anything set-in-motion except another parked or working motor vehicle, see
attribute 12 (Motor Vehicle In-Transport).
4. If the MOST HARMFUL EVENT for a parked/working motor vehicle is an impact
with another parked or working motor vehicle which has been set-in-motion, use
14 (Parked Motor Vehicle) or 45 (Working Motor Vehicle), whichever describes the
object set-in-motion.
5. The MOST HARMFUL EVENT for a parked/working motor vehicle can be a noncollision harmful event not recorded in the events list. For example, if a parked
vehicle rolls over after an impact with an in-transport motor vehicle and the MOST
HARMFUL EVENT is the rollover, then use code 01 (Rollover/Overturn).
a. Example: A parked motor vehicle (V2) is struck by an in-transport vehicle
(V1). Parked motor vehicle (V2) is pushed down an embankment and rolls
over. The case materials indicate the most harmful event for parked motor
vehicle (V2) is the rollover. MOST HARMFUL EVENT for parked motor vehicle
(V2) is 01 (Rollover/ Overturn).
01 (Rollover/Overturn) is used when a motor vehicle rotates (rollover) at least one quarter
turn onto its side or end. For motorcycles, laying the motorcycle down on its side is sufficient
to code 01 (Rollover/ Overturn) as a harmful event if damage or injury is produced, even
though the data element Rollover is not applicable to motorcycles. 58 (Ground) is not to be
entered when the harmful event is 01 (Rollover/Overturn).
If there is a 01 (Rollover/Overturn) that begins in another location but involves a ditch or
embankment in the case (e.g., “rolled through the ditch”, “rolled down the embankment”, “came
to rest against the embankment”), then the rule applies where if there is no damage associated
with an impact with the fixed object during the rollover, it is not included in the Crash Events. If
there is indication that damage resulted from an impact with the fixed object, it is included in
the Crash Events. This follows the same logic as striking a tree or another vehicle during an
overturn.
Note: For medium/heavy trucks with attached trailers by fixed linkage, when either the power
unit or the trailer rolls over, the entire vehicle will be considered a rollover.
GES SPECIAL INSTRUCTION:
For articulated light vehicles, that are not commercial do not code a Rollover/Overturn
if only the trailer portion of the combination overturns.

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02 (Fire/Explosion) is used for a vehicle fire or explosion that occurs during the crash
sequence or as a result of the crash.
As it pertains to the occurrence of 02 (Fire/Explosion), the crash circumstances are not
considered stabilized until the threat of damage to this vehicle, or injury consequences to this
vehicle's occupants, has ceased. Therefore, the crash sequence is not considered stabilized
until all occupants have exited the vehicle and the scene has been declared safe by police or
other authority. Fires that occur at a later time to vehicles abandoned at the scene (e.g., in
open fields, on hillsides, etc.) or to vehicles removed from the scene to another location (tow
yard, curbside, etc.) are not considered part of the crash sequence.
03 (Immersion or Partial Immersion) is used when an in-transport motor vehicle enters a
body of water and results in injury or damage. This code would also be used if the vehicle
came to rest in water and the depth cannot be ascertained from case materials. NOTE: In
immersion fatalities the injury to the person may be noted as “drowning”.
04 (Gas Inhalation) includes injury or death as a result of toxic fumes, such as carbon
monoxide fumes leaking from a motor vehicle in-transport.
51 (Jackknife [harmful to this vehicle]) applies to a condition that occurs to an articulated
vehicle, (any vehicle with a trailing unit(s) connected by a hitch; e.g., truck tractor or single-unit
truck with one or more trailers, articulated bus, car pulling a boat on a trailer, etc.) while in
motion. The condition reflects a loss of control of the vehicle by the driver in which the
trailer(s) yaws from its normal straight-line path behind the power unit, striking the power unit,
causing damage to the power unit or trailer. Jackknife should only be coded as a harmful
event if there is clear indication of damage to the jackknifed vehicle or injury to its occupants
caused by the jackknife.
06 (Injured in Vehicle [Non-Collision]) is used when an occupant is injured during an
unstabilized situation without a collision, excluding cargo/equipment loss or shift. Examples:
Driver slams on brake, causing an unrestrained passenger to be injured. Driver makes a
sharp turn causing driver to strike head on side window, knocking driver unconscious.
44 (Pavement Surface Irregularity [ruts, potholes, grates, etc.]) is used when the
pavement surface irregularity is on a roadway. Other examples include indication of
contact with a dip, depression, low spot, trough, etc.) If the impact is with a surface
irregularity (e.g. ruts, potholes) not on a roadway use the 58 (Ground). For a vehicle that
"bottoms out" on the roadway (causing damage) due to speed but not because of a
pavement surface irregularity, use attribute 07 (Other Non-Collision).
07 (Other Non-Collision). Non-collision not captured in the listed non-collision attributes.
Examples:


2015

Damage to the vehicle produced by its own dislodged vehicle parts (including hood
flying up and contacting the windshield).

481

V32


A vehicle “bottoms out” on the roadway (causing damage) due to speed but not
because of a pavement surface irregularity. For impacts on the roadway due to
pavement surface irregularities should be coded 44 (Pavement Surface
Irregularity [ruts, potholes, grates, etc.]).

16 (Thrown or Falling Object) is used when any object (1) is thrown (intentionally or
unintentionally) and impacts an in-transport vehicle, or (2) falls onto, into, or in the path of an
in-transport motor vehicle. If a tree limb falls from a tree and is contacted by a car, enter 16
(Thrown or Falling Object). If a person maliciously throws an object off an overpass into
traffic below, enter 16 (Thrown or Falling Object). This excludes contacts made by loads or
objects set in-motion by a motor vehicle (see 54 (Motor Vehicle In-Transport Strikes or is
Struck by Cargo, Persons or Objects Set-in-Motion from/by Another Motor Vehicle InTransport)).
72 (Cargo/Equipment Loss or Shift [harmful to this vehicle)) refers specifically to the loss
or shift of items carried on or in a motor vehicle or its trailing unit, and not to the vehicle, its
parts or trailing unit, itself. This attribute is only used when the injury- or damage-producing
event in the crash is the loss or shift of cargo in/on a vehicle causing damage to that vehicle,
its cargo, or injury to its occupants. This attribute should never be used to refer to a “collision”
event (see 54 (Motor Vehicle In-Transport Strikes or is Struck by Cargo, Persons or
Objects Set-in-Motion from/by Another Motor Vehicle In-Transport)).
Example:
A pickup truck brakes rapidly to avoid a collision. This causes a piece of lumber in the pickup
bed to smash through the rear window.
05 (Fell/Jumped from Vehicle) is used when an occupant of this vehicle falls or jumps (not
suicide) from the vehicle causing injury. For example, an occupant of a motor vehicle intransport leans against the car door, it opens and the occupant falls out; or a person riding on
a vehicle’s exterior (hood, roof, running board, etc.) falls or jumps, and is injured by the fall. If
an occupant falls or jumps from a vehicle and is struck by that vehicle, use this attribute.
Collision with Motor Vehicle In-Transport:
12 (Motor Vehicle In-Transport) is used when the most injury- or damage-producing event is
two motor vehicles in-transport making contact within the trafficway boundaries.
Parked and Working Motor Vehicles:
This attribute is used for parked and working motor vehicles when their most harmful
event is an impact with a motor vehicle in-transport.
This attribute also applies to parked and working motor vehicles when their most
harmful event is an impact with any object set-in-motion other than another parked or
working motor vehicle. Set-in-motion objects include cargo, persons, stone, stop sign,
tire tread and debris from a previous impact. If the object set-in-motion is another

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parked or working motor vehicle use 14 (Parked Motor Vehicle) or 45 (Working Motor
Vehicle), whichever describes the object set-in-motion.
Examples:





If the MOST HARMFUL EVENT for V1 (a motor vehicle in-transport) is when V1
impacts V2 (another motor vehicle in-transport) within the trafficway boundaries,
then the most harmful event for V1 is 12 (Motor Vehicle In-Transport).
If the most harmful event for V2 (a parked motor vehicle) is when V2 is struck by
V1 (a motor vehicle in-transport), then the MOST HARMFUL EVENT for V2 is 12
(Motor Vehicle In-Transport).
If the MOST HARMFUL EVENT for V2 (a parked motor vehicle) is when V2 is
struck by a stop sign set-in-motion by V1 (a motor vehicle in-transport), then the
MOST HARMFUL EVENT for V2 is 12 (Motor Vehicle In-Transport).
If V1 (a motor vehicle in-transport) strikes V2 (a parked motor vehicle) and V2
then strikes V3 (a parked motor vehicle), then the MOST HARMFUL EVENT for V3
is 14 (Parked Motor Vehicle).

54 (Motor Vehicle In-Transport Strikes or is Struck by Cargo, Persons or Objects Set-inMotion from/by Another Motor Vehicle In-Transport) applies only to events involving
two in-transport motor vehicles. It is used in two situations: 1) The most harmful injuryor damage-producing event for an in-transport motor vehicle is when something it sets
in motion (cargo, person, object) strikes another in-transport motor vehicle. 2) The most
harmful injury- or damage-producing event for an in-transport motor vehicle is when it
is struck by cargo, persons or objects set-in-motion by another in-transport motor
vehicle.
Example:
Cargo which fell from an in-transport motor vehicle (V1) is involved in an impact with
V2, another in-transport motor vehicle. The case materials indicate this is the most
harmful event for both V1 and V2. MOST HARMFUL EVENT is 54 (Motor Vehicle InTransport Strikes or is Struck by Cargo, Persons or Objects Set-in-Motion from/by
Another Motor Vehicle In-Transport) for both V1 and V2.
When selecting the MOST HARMFUL EVENT, 54 (Motor Vehicle In-Transport Strikes or
is Struck by Cargo, Persons or Objects Set-in-Motion from/by Another Motor Vehicle InTransport) does not have to be the MOST HARMFUL EVENT for both vehicles.
Example:
Cargo which fell from an in-transport motor vehicle (V1) is involved in an impact with
V2, another in-transport motor vehicle. This event is the only event for V1. Thus,
54 (Motor Vehicle In-Transport Strikes or is Struck by Cargo, Persons or Objects Set-inMotion from/by Another Motor Vehicle In-Transport) is the MOST HARMFUL EVENT for
V1. The case material identifies a subsequent impact by V2 with a tree on the roadside
2015

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V32
as the MOST HARMFUL EVENT for V2. Thus, 42 (Tree [Standing Only]) is the MOST
HARMFUL EVENT for V2.
This attribute does not apply when the most harmful event for an in-transport
motor vehicle is an impact between cargo, a person, or object it set-in-motion and
something other than a motor vehicle in transport. In this case, use the "collision with
non-fixed object", or "collision with fixed object" code that is applicable.
Examples:




If the MOST HARMFUL EVENT for an in-transport motor vehicle is when cargo
which fell off its trailer strikes a pedestrian, code 08 (Pedestrian).
If the MOST HARMFUL EVENT for an in-transport motor vehicle is when a parked
motor vehicle it set-in-motion strikes a pedestrian, code 08 (Pedestrian).
If the MOST HARMFUL EVENT for an in-transport motor vehicle is when cargo
which fell off its trailer strikes a parked motor vehicle, code 14 (Parked Motor
Vehicle).

55 (Motor Vehicle In Motion Outside the Trafficway) is used when the injury- or damageproducing event is two motor vehicles in-transport making contact outside the trafficway
boundaries in a motor vehicle traffic crash.
Example:
A vehicle loses control attempting to turn into a gas station and strikes another vehicle pulling
away from the pump in the station lot.
Collision with Object Not Fixed:
08 (Pedestrian) is used for all those not on a personal conveyance. A person pushing a
vehicle should be coded 08 (Pedestrian). A person being carried by another person should
also be considered a 08 (Pedestrian).
09 (Pedalcyclist) is used for any person on a non-motorized other road vehicle propelled by
pedaling. Examples include a bicycle, tricycle, unicycle or pedal car.
10 (Railway Vehicle) is any land vehicle that is (1) designed primarily for, or in use for, moving
persons or property from one place to another on rails and (2) not in use on a land way other
than a railway.
Inclusions:
— Street car on private way

Exclusions:
— Street car operating on trafficway

11 (Live Animal) is used for collisions with live animals (domesticated or wild) that are not
themselves being used as transportation or to draw a wagon, cart or other transport device

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(see ANSI D16.1). Default to 11 (Live Animal) if it cannot be determined if the struck animal
is alive, dead or if it was being ridden or drawing a transport device.
Use 49 (Ridden Animal or Animal-Drawn Conveyance) for ridden animals and animals
drawing transport devices. See 18 (Other Object [Not Fixed]) for an animal carcass lying in
the roadway.
18 (Other Object [Not Fixed]) is used when a motor vehicle in-transport strikes a non-fixed
object that is known NOT to have been the cargo or part of another motor vehicle in-transport
or when it is UNKNOWN whether the object was the cargo or part of another motor vehicle intransport (i.e., refers to objects such as a dead body, animal carcass, construction cones or
barrels, an unattached trailer, a bicycle without a rider or downed tree limbs or power lines,
debris from a prior crash). For objects that have become separated from a motor vehicle intransport not as a result of a prior crash, use attribute 73 (Object Fell from Motor Vehicle
In-Transport).
15 (Non-Motorist on Personal Conveyance) is used for pedestrians using personal
conveyances. A personal conveyance is a device, other than a transport device, used by a
pedestrian for personal mobility assistance or recreation. These devices can be motorized or
human powered, but not propelled by pedaling.
Inclusions:
3) Devices for personal mobility assistance
1) Rideable toys
- Segway-style devices
- Roller Skates, in-line skates
- Motorized and non-motorized
- Skateboards
wheelchair
- Skates
- Handicapped scooters
- Baby carriage
- Scooters
Exclusions:
- Toy Wagons
- Golf cart
- Low Speed Vehicles (LSVs)
2) Motorized rideable toys
- Go-carts
- Motorized skateboard
- Minibike
- Motorized toy car
- “Pocket” motorcycles
- Motor scooters
- Moped
14 (Parked Motor Vehicle) is used when the impact occurred between a motor vehicle intransport and a motor vehicle neither on a roadway nor in motion. A vehicle stopped off the
roadway, its door open over a roadway, is not in-transport. This attribute would also apply for
a parked vehicle struck by another parked vehicle. For example, if a motor vehicle in-transport
hits a parked vehicle and pushes it into a second parked vehicle (the only event for the second
parked vehicle), the most harmful event for the second parked vehicle is 14 (Parked Motor
Vehicle).
45 (Working Motor Vehicle) is used to indicate the motor vehicle contacted was in the act of
performing construction, maintenance or utility work related to the trafficway when it became

2015

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V32
an involved unit. This “work” may be located within open or closed portions of the trafficway
and motor vehicles performing these activities can be within or outside the trafficway
boundaries. This code does not include private construction/maintenance vehicles, or vehicles
such as garbage trucks, delivery trucks, taxis, emergency vehicles, tow trucks, etc.
Examples:
1. Asphalt/steam roller working in a highway construction zone paving the roadway or
flattening dirt.
2. State highway maintenance crew painting lane lines on the road, mowing grass on the
roadside or median, repairing potholes, removing debris from the roadway, etc.
3. Utility truck or a “cherry picker”, performing maintenance on power lines along the
roadway or maintaining a traffic signal.
4. A private excavating company contracted by the State digging the foundation for a new
overpass.
5. A state, county, or privately owned snow plow, plowing ice/snow as part of a highway
maintenance activity.
6. Street sweeper sweeping the street.
7. A vehicle in a mobile work convoy displaying arrow boards or other signaling devices
warning motorists of the work activity.
8. A law enforcement vehicle which is participating strictly in a stationary construction or
mobile maintenance activity as a traffic slowing, control, signaling or calming influence.
NOTE: Before 2004, this code was called Transport Device Used as Equipment. It
included other working activities in addition to construction, maintenance and utility work on
trafficways. From 2004 forward, code “45” excludes working activities other than highway
construction, maintenance or utility vehicles (e.g., garbage truck picking up trash,
mail/delivery trucks while making deliveries, personal vehicles plowing snow, etc. These
are considered motor vehicles In-transport). Use Related Factors-Vehicle Level code 42
(Other Working Vehicle [Not Construction, Maintenance, Utility, Police, Fire, or EMS
Vehicle]) to identify these vehicles.
A question may arise when a police, fire or emergency medical vehicle is struck on the
roadway while at the scene of a crash, at a traffic stop, or as traffic control. The question
becomes, “has its function changed from being a motor vehicle in-transport to a working
vehicle?” The answer is “no.” Treat these situations as a motor vehicle in-transport striking
another motor vehicle in-transport. Use Related Factors-Vehicle Level code 41 (Police, Fire,
or EMS Vehicle Working at the Scene of an Emergency or Performing Other Traffic
Control Activities) to identify that this vehicle was struck while performing these work
activities.
73 (Object Fell From Motor Vehicle In-Transport) is used when a motor vehicle in- transport
impacts a non-fixed object at rest that is known to have been the cargo or part of another
motor vehicle in-transport. Do not use this attribute for debris from a prior crash.

486

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For example if cargo that fell from a vehicle and was at rest in the roadway is struck this
attribute would apply. If the cargo was at rest in the roadway as a result of a prior
accident, use attribute 18 (Other Object [Not Fixed]).
Collision with Fixed Object:
The attributes 58 (Ground), 33 (Curb), 34 (Ditch) and 35 (Embankment) are grouped under
the Collision with Fixed Object subset because they are intended to be harmful events in the
crash (i.e. – they are associated with an impact that produces injury or damage).
When coding these events there must be fields on the PAR or verbiage in the narrative such
as "struck", "hit", "impacted", etc. that identify these as harmful.
For cases where the indication of the harmful event came from the narrative, there may not be
a corresponding indication of damage in any PAR field. In these instances code the harmful
event as stated in the narrative and include the corresponding attribute under Areas of Impact.
If there is no indication of damage from contact with the fixed object in fields on the PAR and
the narrative language does not identify it as a harmful event (e.g., “came to rest on the
embankment" or "drove through" or "drove across" the ditch and/or the embankment, or "drove
over" the curb do not code 33 (Curb), 34 (Ditch) or 35 (Embankment) in the Sequence of
Events.
Guidelines for PAR Combination Attributes:
If there is no clarification in the case materials, default to the first attribute listed in the
combination. For example, if a PAR attribute identifies "Earth Embankment/Rockcut /Ditch",
code "Embankment" unless the narrative clearly indicates one of the other attributes (e.g.
"rockcut" or "ditch").
17 (Boulder) is a rock of sufficient mass that when struck by a motor vehicle moves very little
and remains basically intact. It may be considered as a fixed object.
19 (Building) is used when the vehicle impacts a roofed and walled structure built for
permanent use. The type of construction material used is not of interest, nor is the use of the
building.
58 (Ground) is used when the impact is with an earthen or paved surface off of the roadway.
58 (Ground) is not to be entered when the harmful event is 01 (Rollover/Overturn).
Indication of furrowing, gouging, or digging in of the tires/wheels is not sufficient to
code the collision event 58 (Ground). For example, if the PAR narrative states; “the
trucks tires dug into the turf causing the vehicle to roll over” the harmful event should
be 01 (Rollover/Overturn).

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20 (Impact Attenuator/Crash Cushion) is a device for controlling the absorption of energy
released during vehicle collision (crash cushion). Its most common application involves the
protection of fixed roadside objects such as bridge piers, elevated gores at exit ramps, etc.
Examples include barrels filled with water or sand, and plastic collapsible structures.
50 (Bridge Overhead Structure) is used when striking the bottom of a bridge while traveling
on a trafficway underneath it.
21 (Bridge Pier or Support) is a square or round column of stone, concrete, brick, steel or
wood for supporting a bridge between abutments. This attribute includes the bridge abutments
which are supporting the ends of a bridge. Abutments are generally designed for retaining or
supporting the embankment under bridge ends and composed of stone, concrete, brick or
wood (includes the wing-walls).
23 (Bridge Rail [Includes Parapet]) is a wooden, brick, stone, concrete or metal fence-like
structure which runs along the outermost edge of the roadway or sidewalk on the bridge or a
rail constructed along the top of a parapet. Balustrade is often used synonymously with
parapet.


Bridges do not need to support another roadway. It may be an overpass for a train or
even for a viaduct (water conduit).

23 – Bridge Rail (Includes Parapet)

50 – Bridge
Overhead Structure
(when struck
24 (Guardrail Face) is a low barrier that has the primary longitudinal structure composed
of
from below)
metal (plates, mesh, box beam, etc.). A guardrail is differentiated from 25 (Concrete Traffic
Barrier) by the material making up the greatest part of the longitudinal portion of the structure.
In the case of guardrails, this is metal whereas in concrete barriers this is concrete (including
concrete rails). If the crash report does not differentiate between guardrail face and end,
21 – Bridge Pier
default to guardrail face.
21 – Bridge Pier or Support
or Support

488

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24 (Guardrail Face) is a low barrier that has the primary longitudinal structure composed of
metal (plates, mesh, box beam, etc.). A guardrail is differentiated from 25 (Concrete Traffic
Barrier) by the material making up the greatest part of the longitudinal portion of the structure.
In the case of guardrails, this is metal whereas in concrete barriers this is concrete (including
concrete rails). If the crash report does not differentiate between guardrail face and end,
default to guardrail face.
Guardrails, which serve as bridge rails, should be coded as 23 (Bridge Rails [Includes
Parapet]).
52 (Guardrail End) is coded if a vehicle strikes the end of a guardrail. Guardrails can have a
separate flat or rounded piece of metal attached to the end of an expanse of guardrail face.
25 (Concrete Traffic Barrier) refers to the longitudinal traffic barriers constructed of concrete.
This includes all temporary concrete barriers regardless of location (i.e., temporary Jersey
Barrier on a bridge being used to control traffic during bridge repair/construction). Concrete
walls (vertical side surfaces) do not apply here; see 39 (Wall).
57 (Cable Barrier) refers to a flexible barrier system which uses several cables typically
supported by steel posts. These barriers are designed to help lessen impact or keep vehicles
within the confines of the road.
26 (Other Traffic Barrier) is used for all other longitudinal barriers such as wood or rock and
unknown barrier composition type.
59 (Traffic Sign Support) is used when the post supporting a traffic sign, or the sign itself, is
hit by a motor vehicle in-transport. This includes mile marker posts and signs above the
trafficway.
46 (Traffic Signal Support) is used when the post supporting a traffic signal, or the signal
itself, is hit by a motor vehicle in-transport.
30 (Utility Pole/Light Support) refers to supports for highway lighting systems, not including
other private lighting systems (e.g., parking lot lights). 30 (Utility Pole/Light Support) is used
for electrical, telephone, cable & other utility pole-type supports.
31 (Other Post, Other Pole or Other Supports) is used for posts other than highway signs.
(e.g., reflectors on poles along side of roadway, parking meters, flag poles, etc.). For mail box
posts, use 53 (Mail Box).
32 (Culvert) is a man-made drain or channel crossing under a road, sidewalk, etc.
33 (Curb) is a concrete or asphalt structure that borders the roadway. It provides drainage
control and pavement edge delineation. The face of the curb may be sloped or vertical.
Ensure that the PAR provides some indication that damage has occurred when a vehicle
strikes a curb. This attribute includes collisions with curbing that forms raised islands, medians,

2015

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V32
or separators. For example, if the report identifies the vehicle struck/collided with a traffic
island, channelizing island, raised median or separator use 33 (Curb) not 43 (Other Fixed
Object).
34 (Ditch) includes any man-made structure for drainage purposes. A ditch ends where a
culvert begins and resumes on the opposite side of the culvert. Reference to a “ditchbank”,
“embankment of the ditch”, or “ditch embankment” should be coded under 34 (Ditch).
35 (Embankment) is a raised structure to hold back water, to carry a roadway or the result of
excavation or washout (including erosion) which may be faced with earth (or rock, stone or
concrete). A 35 (Embankment) can usually be differentiated from a 39 (Wall) by its incline
whereas a wall is usually vertical. However, there are exceptions to this; such as a retaining
wall that may be inclined or a vertical embankment that is caused by a natural event such as a
washout.
In crashes involving a field approach or driveway crossing, use attribute 35
(Embankment) when no specific components (e.g., culverts or ditches) are identified.
38 (Fence) includes the fence posts. A Fence can be made of wood, chain link, stone, etc.
39 (Wall) is a primarily vertical structure composed of concrete, metal, timber or stone which is
not part of a building or a fence but typically is used for retaining earth, abating noise, and
separating areas (but not for containment as in the primary function of a fence). Also included
as a 39 (Wall) are headwalls (or endwalls) that are sometimes provided on culvert ends
principally to protect the sides of the embankment around the culvert opening against erosion.
This does not include wing-walls, which are attached to ends of bridge abutments and extend
back at an angle from the roadway. Wingwalls should be coded as 21 (Bridge Pier or
Support).
40 (Fire Hydrant) refers to the roadside device used by fire departments to provide water for
fighting fires. Usually made of steel, these devices are also referred to as fire plugs or fire
stand pipes in some areas.
41 (Shrubbery) refers to vegetation which is usually of a woody multi-stemmed variety and in
most instances is low growing rather than tall. May also be called bushes. Some common
examples are boxwood, hawthorn and mountain laurel.
42 (Tree [Standing Only]) is used when a vehicle strikes a standing tree. This includes
impacts from overhanging branches, tree stumps or large cactus (Saguaro). If a vehicle
strikes a tree lying in the roadway, use 18 (Other Object [Not Fixed]). If a tree falls on a
vehicle as it is passing by, use 16 (Thrown or Falling Object).
48 (Snow Bank) is used when snowfall and/or road plowing creates essentially fixed barriers
of snow/ice which are not snow-covered earth or rock embankments.

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53 (Mail Box) refers to a private residence mail/newspaper box including the post. A cluster of
private mailboxes is included in this attribute. This element does not include U.S. Mailbox,
which are typically blue and are for general public use. Code a U.S. Mailbox as 43 (Other
Fixed Object).
43 (Other Fixed Object) is used when the object is fixed (considered a permanent structure)
and is not described by any of the other fixed object attributes. This attribute excludes
collisions with curbing that forms raised islands, medians, or separators (See also 33 (Curb).)
Examples:




Bus shelters
Pedestrian walkways
Toll booths




Guy wires supporting utility poles
U. S. Mailbox for public use

CRASH MONTH equals 05-09,

(AL3P)

UNIT TYPE equals 2-4,

(AL4P)

there is one and only one parked
vehicle (UNIT TYPE equals 2 or 3) in
the crash,

2015

THEN
SEQUENCE OF EVENTS, FIRST
HARMFUL EVENT, MOST HARMFUL
EVENT should not equal 48.
MOST HARMFUL EVENT must not
equal 54 for this vehicle.
MOST HARMFUL EVENT for the parked
vehicle must not equal 14.

491

V32
IF
(AL5P)

UNIT TYPE equals 1,

(AL6P)

MOST HARMFUL EVENT equals __,
and UNIT TYPE equals 1,
UNIT TYPE equals 2-4,

(AL7P)

492

THEN
at least one event in the SEQUENCE
OF EVENTS must equal the MOST
HARMFUL EVENT.
at least one event in the SEQUENCE
OF EVENTS must equal __.
MOST HARMFUL EVENT should not
equal 04-07, 16, 51, 72.

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V33

RELATED FACTORS – VEHICLE LEVEL
FORMAT: 2 numeric occurring 2 times
SAS NAME: Vehicle.VEH_SC1; Vehicle.VEH_SC2. parkwork.PVEH_SC1,
parkwork.PVEH_SC2
ELEMENT VALUES:
00

None

Special Vehicle Flags:
30
Multi-Wheeled Motorcycle Conversion
*32
Vehicle Registration for Handicapped
33
Vehicle Being Pushed by Non-Motorist
35
Reconstructed/Altered Vehicle
*37
Transporting Children To/From Head Start/Day Care
39
Highway Construction, Maintenance or Utility Vehicle, In-Transport (Inside or
Outside Work Zone)
40
Highway Incident Response Vehicle
41
Police, Fire, or EMS Vehicle Working at the Scene of an Emergency or Performing
Other Traffic Control Activities
42
Other Working Vehicle (Not Construction, Maintenance, Utility, Police, Fire, or EMS
Vehicle)
44
Adaptive Equipment
99
Unknown
*FARS ONLY ATTRIBUTES
Definition: This element identifies factors related to this vehicle expressed by the
investigating officer.
Remarks:
Code information provided by the investigating officer in the narrative, contributing
factors/circumstances field or citations/violations section on the crash report.
CODING HIERARCY: When more than two attributes apply, select the attributes that
cannot be captured under other elements
Vehicle conditions include manufacturer defects, driver’s changes that are defective and
maintenance conditions. RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER LEVEL 24 (Operating Without
Required Equipment) can be coded in conjunction with vehicle level conditions.

2015

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V33
00 (None) is used when no applicable related factors are noted in the case materials.
Zero-fill all fields. Also, use 00 (None) to complete the remaining fields when you will be
recording less than two vehicle related factors. DO NOT leave any remaining fields blank.
Attributes 30-44 are flags used to identify this vehicle as one with special circumstances. They
do not necessarily imply that this circumstance caused the crash.
30 (Multi-Wheeled Motorcycle Conversion) is used when the case materials identify this
vehicle is a motorcycle that is converted to a multi-wheeled configuration from a 2-wheeled
OEM motorcycle. These vehicles will not have a body type attribute 82 (Three-Wheel
Motorcycle) available in the manufacturer's Make/Model/Model Year/Body Type table.
*32 (Vehicle Registration for Handicapped) is used when the case materials identify this
vehicle is registered and/or specially equipped for a handicapped individual. This
information can be derived from the vehicle registration. This excludes placards which are
usually hung from the rear-view mirror and can be moved from one vehicle to the other.
33 (Vehicle Being Pushed by Non-Motorist) is used when the case materials identify this
vehicle is being pushed by a non-motorist with or without a driver at the controls.
35 (Reconstructed/Altered Vehicle) is used when the case materials identify this vehicle
is a home-made vehicle constructed from vehicle components or is significantly altered in
some way. These vehicles may have standard VIN or the State may issue a number in place
of the VIN for their registration.
Examples include:




The addition of enhanced performance engine chips or accessories.
Significant altering of suspension system (i.e., "monster trucks", "low riders").
Hydraulic systems or tilted/canted wheels.

*37 (Transporting Children To/From Head Start/Day Care) is used when the case
materials identify this vehicle is used to transport children to Day Care/Head Start in
vehicles arranged, operated or owned by Head Start or Day Care Program. This attribute is
not intended for children being transported to daycare by family/friends in personal vehicles.
39 (Highway Construction, Maintenance or Utility Vehicle, In-Transport [Inside or
Outside Work Zone]) is used when the case materials identify this vehicle is a highway
construction, maintenance or utility vehicle that is in-transport at the time it became
involved in the crash. Note: This is only used when the vehicle is considered to not be a
working motor vehicle and is "in-transport." For example, while moving from one job site to
another job site or returning to the depot after concluding work activities. This attribute refers
to vehicles owned by a local, county, state or federal agency. Private vehicles are excluded.
40 (Highway Incident Response Vehicle) is used when the case materials identify this
vehicle is a state government-owned vehicle whose function is to drive the major highways to
assist motorists with flat tires, provide gas, etc.

494

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V33
Examples include:





DOT Help
Good Samaritans
Courtesy Patrol
Motorist Assist Vehicle

41 (Police, Fire, or EMS Vehicle Working at the Scene of an Emergency or Performing
Other Traffic Control Activities) is used when the case materials identify this vehicle is a
police car, fire truck, or ambulance performing some work function related to working at
the scene of an emergency or acting as traffic control.
Examples include:






Police car, fire truck or ambulance at the scene of a crash.
Fire truck at the scene of a fire.
Police car leading or trailing a convoy for a funeral.
Police car blocking the entrance to a parade route.
Police car at a check point.

42 (Other Working Vehicle (Not Construction, Maintenance, Utility, Police, Fire or EMS
Vehicle) is used when the case materials identify this vehicle is performing some other
work activity at the time it was involved in the crash and that activity is somehow
associated with the crash.
Examples include:





Garbage truck picking up trash.
Personal pickup with a snow blade plowing.
UPS or postal vehicle stopped in the roadway while making a delivery.
Food delivery truck making a delivery.

44 (Adaptive Equipment) is used when the case materials identify this vehicle is
equipped with adaptive equipment for handicapped operator(s).
Examples include:




Extended brake/gas pedals
Special steering apparatus
Hand brakes or accelerator, etc.

99 (Unknown) is used when “unknown” is reported for the vehicle condition in the Police
Accident Report itself and none of the special circumstances exist. In these circumstances,
nine-fill all fields. If 99 (Unknown) is used for any field, ALL fields must be 99 (Unknown). DO
NOT leave any remaining fields blank. Also use this attribute for Hit-and-Run vehicles and
drivers when no factors are identified or reported by the officer for this vehicle or driver.
2015

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Consistency Checks:
IF

THEN

(1G0P)

one RELATED FACTORS-VEHICLE
both factors must equal 99.
LEVEL equals 99,
(1Z2P) any SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals ROLLOVER must equal 1, 2, 9.
01, and (BODY TYPE equals 01-79,
82,
90-99, or any RELATED FACTORSVEHICLE LEVEL equals 30),
(2G0P) either RELATED FACTORS-VEHICLE the other factor must also equal blanks.
LEVEL equals blanks,
(3G0P) the first RELATED FACTORSthe other factor must also equal 00.
VEHICLE LEVEL equals 00,
(4G0P) A RELATED FACTORS-VEHICLE LEVEL between 30 and 44 can be used only
once per vehicle form.
ROLLOVER must equal 0.
(5A0P) BODY TYPE equals 80, 81, 83, 88,
89, and any RELATED FACTORS VEHICLE LEVEL does not equal 30,
(6G0Q) any RELATED FACTORS - VEHICLE BODY TYPE must equal 80 for this
vehicle.
LEVEL equals 30,
RELATED FACTORS-VEHICLE LEVEL
(9C1P) UNIT TYPE equals 4,
must not equal 39.
REGISTERED VEHICLE OWNER must
(AS0P) RELATED FACTORS-VEHICLE
not equal 0.
LEVEL equals 32,
RELATED FACTORS-VEHICLE LEVEL
(VH06) BODY TYPE equals 82,
must not equal 30.
BODY TYPE should not equal 01, 12,
(V031) RELATED FACTORS-VEHICLE
13, 32, 33, 42, 50-52, 55, 58,59, 65, 73,
LEVEL equals 39,
80-83, 88-92.
BODY TYPE should not equal 01, 12,
(V032) RELATED FACTORS-VEHICLE
13, 32, 33, 42, 50-52, 55, 58,59, 60-67,
LEVEL equals 40,
71-73, 78, 80-83, 88-93.
Consistency Checks FARS ONLY:
IF
(6G0P) RELATED FACTORS-VEHICLE
LEVEL equals 32,
(V590) RELATED FACTORS-VEHICLE
LEVEL equals 32,
(V592) RELATED FACTORS-VEHICLE
LEVEL equals 37,

496

THEN
REGISTRATION STATE must not equal
00, 92.
REGISTERED VEHICLE OWNER
should equal 1-3.
REGISTRATION STATE should not
equal 00, 92.

2015

V33
IF
(V593)

2015

RELATED FACTORS-VEHICLE
LEVEL equals 37,

THEN
REGISTERED VEHICLE OWNER
should not equal 0.

497

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498

2015

V34

FIRE OCCURRENCE
FORMAT: 1 numeric
SAS NAME: Vehicle.FIRE_EXP, Person.FIRE_EXP, Parkwork.PFIRE
ELEMENT VALUES:
0
1

No or Not Reported
Yes

Definition: This element identifies whether or not a fire in any way related to the crash
occurred in this vehicle.
Remarks:
For the purposes of this element, “vehicle” is defined to mean the power unit plus any and all
trailing units associated with the power unit.
If it cannot be determined that a fire occurred in the vehicle during the crash, use
0 (No or Not Reported).
1 (Yes) is used when the case materials indicate that this vehicle sustained fire damage.
In a multi-vehicle crash where a fire occurs, only the vehicles sustaining fire damage should be
coded as 1 (Yes).
Fires that begin in a vehicle before the first impact may be counted. If fire damage is
produced, 02 (Fire/Explosion) would be the first harmful event.
If the Most Harmful Event for this vehicle is 02 (Fire/Explosion), or a fire in the vehicle is
produced by damage in the crash, use 1 (Yes). The involved vehicles may be at rest for a
short period of time.
If the vehicles are at rest long enough to raise a question about the fire’s relationship to the
crash’s damage-producing events, use 0 (No or Not Reported).

2015

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V34
Examples for Fire Occurrence:
Examples

Code

1. Car (V#1) strikes tank truck (V#2) in rear, the car catches on fire with no
fire occurring for the tank truck.
2. Vehicle #1 catches fire, causing driver to strike vehicle #2.
3. Vehicle #1 catches fire, causing driver to stop vehicle in roadway and all
occupants exit vehicle. Two minutes later, a second car (V#2) rear-ends
the stopped car and its driver is killed from collision. (Attributes reflect the
second crash.)

V#1 – 1 (Yes)
V#2 – 0 (No or
Not Reported)
V#1 – 1 (Yes)
V#2 – 0 (No or
Not Reported)
V#1 – 0 (No or
Not Reported)
V#2 – 0 (No or
Not Reported)

Consistency Checks:
IF
(4Z0P)

SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals 02,

(4Z1P)

UNIT TYPE equals 1, and FIRE
OCCURRENCE equals 1,
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 02,

(540F)

500

THEN
FIRE OCCURRENCE for this vehicle
must equal 1.
at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
must equal 02.
the vehicle involved in the first harmful
event must have FIRE OCCURRENCE
equal to 1.

2015

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2015

501

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502

2014

VEHICLE NUMBER – DRIVER LEVEL
FORMAT: 3 numeric
SAS NAME: Vehicle.Veh_No
ELEMENT VALUES:
000-999
Definition: This element identifies the vehicle number associated with this driver.
Remarks:
Must be coded on an original submission
System-Generated (MDE System Only)
See Vehicle Number-Vehicle Level for assignments numbers.
FOR DRIVERLESS, PARKED/STOPPED OFF ROADWAY/WORKING MOTOR VEHICLES
AND MOTOR VEHICLES IN MOTION OUTSIDE THE TRAFFICWAY, ONLY CODE DRIVER
PRESENCE (D4) AND RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER LEVEL (D24).
Consistency Check:
(CSI2)

2015

There must be exactly one Driver Level form corresponding to each Vehicle Level
form.

503

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504

2015

DRIVER PRESENCE
FORMAT: 1 numeric
SAS NAME: Vehicle.Dr_Pres
ELEMENT VALUES:
0
1
9

No Driver Present/Not Applicable
Yes
Unknown

Definition: This element identifies whether or not a driver was present in this vehicle at the
onset of the unstabilized situation.
Remarks:
0 (No Driver Present/Not Applicable) is used when there is no person who was controlling
this vehicle at the time of the crash.
Also, use 0 (No Driver Present/Not Applicable) when Unit Type for this vehicle is not a motor
vehicle in-transport (Unit Type attributes “2, 3, 4”). Use this attribute regardless of the presence
of an occupant in the driver’s seat.
1 (Yes) is used when there is a person who is physically controlling the vehicle at the onset of
the unstabilized situation for this crash. Do not use this attribute for a child sitting in the
driver’s seat unless the case materials indicate the child was in control of the vehicle. Hit-andrun drivers are included in this attribute. A driver under medical distress would be included.
This attribute includes when it is known there was a driver but it is unknown which occupant
was the driver at the time of the crash.
9 (Unknown) is used when it is unknown if there was a driver present in the vehicle at the time
of the crash.
If coded 0 (No Driver Present/Not Applicable) or 9 (Unknown), all other elements on the
Driver Level except RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER LEVEL must be left blank. A Person Level
- Occupant of a Motor Vehicle form with PERSON TYPE equal to 01 (Driver of a Motor
Vehicle In-Transport) must not be submitted for that vehicle.
If coded 0 (No Driver Present/Not Applicable) or 9 (Unknown), Related Factors-Driver Level
are coded “00” unless UNIT TYPE is equal to 1 (Motor Vehicle In-Transport [Inside or
Outside the Trafficway]). In such a case, only select RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER
LEVEL that are applicable.

2015

505

D4
Consistency Checks:
IF
(1H0F)

DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9,

(1H1F)

DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9,

(1H2F)

DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9,

(1H3F)

DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9,

(1H4F)

DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9,

(1H6F)
(1H7F)

DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9,
DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9,

(1H8F)

DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9,

(1H9F)

DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9,

(1HAF)

DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9,

(1HBF)

DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9,

(1HCF)

DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9,

(1HDF)

DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9,

(1HEF)
(1HFF)
(1HJF)

DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9,
DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9,
DRIVER'S VISION OBSCURED BY
equals 95,
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS equals
00,
DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9,

(2F0F)
(2H0F)
(2H1F)

506

UNIT TYPE equals 1, and DRIVER
PRESENCE equals 0 or 9,

THEN
PREVIOUS SPEEDING CONVICTIONS
must be blank.
DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE must be
blank.
LICENSE COMPLIANCE WITH CLASS
OF VEHICLE must be blank.
NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS and
COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE
LICENSE STATUS must be blank.
COMPLIANCE WITH LICENSE
RESTRICTIONS must be blank.
VIOLATIONS CHARGED must be blank.
PREVIOUS RECORDED CRASHES
must be blank.
PREVIOUS RECORDED
SUSPENSIONS must be blank.
PREVIOUS DWI CONVICTIONS must
be blank.
PREVIOUS OTHER MOVING
VIOLATION CONVICTIONS must be
blank.
DATE OF LAST CRASH,
SUSPENSION, CONVICTION must be
blank.
DATE OF FIRST CRASH,
SUSPENSION, CONVICTION must be
blank.
DRIVER HEIGHT (feet and inches) must
equal blank.
DRIVER WEIGHT must equal blank.
SPEEDING RELATED must be blank.
DRIVER PRESENCE must equal 0 or 9.
DRIVER PRESENCE must equal 0.
RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER LEVEL
must not equal 04, 08, 12, 13, 15, 16,
19, 52, 53, 58, 59, 73, 74, 77-88.
DRIVER’S VISION OBSCURED BY
must equal 95.

2015

D4
IF
(3BAP)

UNIT TYPE equals 1, and DRIVER
PRESENCE equals 0,

(3BGP) PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR
TO RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL
EVENT) equals 00,
(3H0F) DRIVER PRESENCE equals 1,

(4H0F)

DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9,

(5L0F)

RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER
LEVEL equals 20,
RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER
LEVEL equals 04, 08, 12, 13, 15, 16,
19, 52, 53, 58, 59, 73, 74, 77-88,
DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9,
DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9,

(5L1F)
(6H0P)
(6H1P)
(7B0F)
(9A3P)
(9C4P)
(9C5P)
(A080)

(AZ20)

JACKKNIFE equals 2, 3,
UNIT TYPE equals 2-4,
UNIT TYPE equals 1, and DRIVER
PRESENCE equals 0 or 9,
DRIVER MANEUVERED TO AVOID
equals 95,
DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, and
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 12,
and NUMBER OF VEHICLE FORMS
SUBMITTED equals 002,
UNIT TYPE equals 1, and DRIVER
PRESENCE equals 0 or 9,

(BJ0P)

DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9,

(BJ1P)

UNIT TYPE equals 1, and DRIVER
PRESENCE equals 0 or 9,
UNIT TYPE equals 1, and DRIVER
PRESENCE equals 1,

(BJ2P)

2015

THEN
CRASH TYPE must equal 00, 04, 09,
15, 32, 42, 48, 52, 62, 66, 74, 84, 90,
93 or 98.
DRIVER PRESENCE must equal 0 or 9.
there must be one and only one Person
Level form for that vehicle with PERSON
TYPE equal to 01, or there must be no
Person Level form for that vehicle with
PERSON TYPE equal to 01 and at least
two Person Level forms for that vehicle
with PERSON TYPE equal to 09.
there must not be a Person Level form
for that vehicle with PERSON TYPE
equal to 01.
DRIVER PRESENCE must not equal 1,
9.
DRIVER PRESENCE must not equal 0
or 9.
DRIVER’S ZIP CODE must be blank.
CONDITION (IMPAIRMENT) AT TIME
OF CRASH (D23) must be blank.
DRIVER PRESENCE must equal 1.
DRIVER PRESENCE must equal 0.
DRIVER MANEUVERED TO AVOID
must only equal 95.
DRIVER PRESENCE must equal 0 or 9.
one RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER
LEVEL should equal 20.
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT)
must equal 00.
COMPLIANCE WITH LICENSE
ENDORSEMENTS must be blank.
DRIVER DISTRACTED BY must equal
16.
DRIVER DISTRACTED BY must not
equal 16 or blank.

507

D4
IF
(BJ3P)
(BN0P)
(CB0P)
(D330)
(FD0F)
(PB30)

(PB60)

(PB61)

UNIT TYPE equals 1, and DRIVER
DISTRACTED BY equals 16,
DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9,

THEN
DRIVER PRESENCE must equal 0 or 9.
COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE
LICENSE STATUS must be blank.
DRIVER PRESENCE must equal 0.

REGISTERED VEHICLE OWNER
equals 6,
DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, and
REGISTERED VEHICLE OWNER
REGISTRATION STATE is not equal
should equal 3-6.
to 00, 92, 99,
DRIVER PRESENCE is blank, case status is flawed.
at least one DRIVER PRESENCE must
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN equals equal 0 for the vehicle number identified
220,
in this person’s NUMBER OF MOTOR
VEHICLE STRIKING NON-MOTORIST.
PERSON TYPE equals 05 or 08, and PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH
DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0 for the TYPE - PEDESTRIAN should equal 220.
motor vehicle which strikes the nonmotorist
DRIVER PRESENCE should equal 0 for
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN equals the motor vehicle striking the nonmotorist.
220,

Consistency Check (GES Only):
IF
(1HGF) DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0 or 9,

508

THEN
DRIVER LICENSE NUMBER must equal
blank.

2015

DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE
(FARS ONLY)
FORMAT: 2 numeric
SAS NAME: Vehicle.L_STATE
ELEMENT VALUES:
01
02
03
04
05
06
08
09
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32

Alabama
Alaska
American Samoa
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Guam
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada

33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
93
94
95
96
97
98
99

New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Virgin Islands
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Indian Nation
U.S. Government
Canada
Mexico
Other Foreign Country
Not Reported
Unknown

Definition: This element identifies the state of issue for the license held by this driver.

2015

509

D5
Remarks:
If no license is required or driver is not licensed, use the resident State of the driver. U.S.
Government is used to indicate the license was issued by the U.S. Government, such as
military or State Department Foreign Service.
98 (Not Reported)
If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable,
then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”.
Code 98 (Not Reported) in these two situations:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the information
to code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials)
2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case
materials).
Consistency Checks:
IF
(1H1F)

DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9,

(1I0P)

DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE equals
99,

(1K0P)

DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE equals
99,
DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE equals
99,
DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE equals
99,
DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE equals
99,

(2I0P)
(3I1P)
(3I2P)
(3I3P)
(3I4P)

510

DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE equals
99,
DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE equals
99,

THEN
DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE must be
blank.
NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS must not
equal 0-4, 6, and COMMERCIAL
MOTOR VEHICLE LICENSE STATUS
must not equal 00-08.
LICENSE COMPLIANCE WITH CLASS
OF VEHICLE must not equal 0-3.
COMPLIANCE WITH LICENSE
RESTRICTIONS must not equal 0-3.
all driver history counters PREVIOUS
RECORDED CRASHES must equal 99.
all driver history counters PREVIOUS
RECORDED SUSPENSIONS AND
REVOCATIONS must equal 99.
all driver history counters PREVIOUS
DWI CONVICTIONS must equal 99.
all driver history counters PREVIOUS
SPEEDING CONVICTIONS must equal
99.

2015

D5
IF
(3I5P)

DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE equals
99,

(BI0P)

DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE equals
99,
PREVIOUS RECORDED CRASHES
equals 98,
DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE equals
96, 97,
DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE equals
96, 97,

(CJ00)
(D010)
(D020)
(D030)
(D040)
(D050)
(D180)
(D320)
(D480)
(D710)

DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE equals
96, 97,
DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE equals
96, 97,
DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE equals
96, 97,
DRIVER LICENSE STATE equals 9597,
DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE does not
equal 93-99,
DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE equals
09, 13, 28, 30, 35, 49,
DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE equals
02, 04, 09, 15, 20, 30, 38, 40, 56,

THEN
all driver history counters PREVIOUS
OTHER MOVING VIOLATION
CONVICTIONS must equal 99.
COMPLIANCE WITH CDL
ENDORSEMENTS must not equal 1, 2.
DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE should
equal 09, 13, 28, 30, 35, 49.
PREVIOUS RECORDED CRASHES
should equal 99.
PREVIOUS RECORDED SUSPENSIONS AND REVOCATIONS should
equal 99.
PREVIOUS DWI CONVICTIONS should
equal 99.
PREVIOUS SPEEDING CONVICTIONS
should equal 99.
PREVIOUS OTHER MOVING
VIOLATION CONVICTIONS should
equal 99.
DRIVER ZIP CODE should not equal
99999.
DRIVER’S ZIP CODE should equal 9999
or be a valid zip code for DRIVER’S
LICENSE STATE.
PREVIOUS RECORDED CRASHES
should equal 98.
NON-CDL LICENSE TYPE should not
equal 2.

Consistency Check (FARS Only):
IF
(U410)

2015

THEN

UNLIKELY: DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE equals 98.

511

THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

512

2015

DRIVER’S ZIP CODE
FORMAT: 5 numeric
SAS NAME: Vehicle.DR_Zip
ELEMENT VALUES:
00000 Not a Resident of U.S. or Territories
nnnnn Actual Value
99999 Unknown
Definition: This element identifies the zip code of this driver's area of residence.
Remarks:
Code only the first five digits of nine-digit zip codes.
00000 (Not Resident of US or Territories) is used when the address found on the PAR
indicates that the driver resides at an address which has not been assigned a ZIP code by the
US Post Office.
99999 (Unknown) is used whenever the Zip code cannot be determined. For example, use
this attribute when no information is provided on the PAR about the driver (e.g., hit-and-run).
In addition, use this code if the driver, licensed or not, has no permanent address. For
example, the driver could be living out of his/her vehicle (camper, motor home, etc.) or the
driver could be “homeless.”
If a ZIP CODE is listed on the PAR but it is not a valid number use attribute 99999 (Unknown).
FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION:
Use the following guidelines to resolve discrepancies between the Police Accident
Report (PAR) and Driver License File:





2015

If the street address is the same on both sources but the zip codes differ, use the zip
code from the License File.
If you have internet access available, you may use the web site
https://tools.usps.com/go/ZipLookupAction!input.action to confirm you have the
correct address.
If the street addresses on the two sources differ, then use the zip code for the
address reported on the PAR.
If you have both a residence address and a different mailing address (e.g., a P.O.
Box) use the zip code for the residence address.

513

If the PAR indicates an address in-state and a driver’s license from another state is recorded
(with a different residence address), attempt to determine the most current address for the
driver. If the most current address cannot be determined, use the zip code that corresponds to
the address from the DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE.
GES SPECIAL INSTRUCTION:
For the purposes of this variable, a driver is considered to reside at the address listed on the
police accident report. This address was most likely taken from the driver's license given to
the police officer and/or from the licensing state's driver license file.
If the driver's address is present and the Zip code is missing or not available, then determine
the correct Zip code by using the National Five Digit Zip Code & Post Office Directory.
Consistency Checks:
IF

THEN

(6H0P) DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9,
DRIVER’S ZIP CODE must be blank.
(BY0P) DRIVER’S ZIP CODE must be a valid code, blanks, 00000 or 99999.
(D160) NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS does
DRIVER’S ZIP CODE should not equal
not equal 9, or COMMERCIAL
99999.
MOTOR VEHICLE LICENSE STATUS
does not equal 99,
(D180) DRIVER LICENSE STATE equals
DRIVER ZIP CODE should not equal
95-97,
99999.
(D320) DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE does not DRIVER’S ZIP CODE should equal 9999
equal 93-99,
or be a valid zip code for DRIVER’S
LICENSE STATE.

514

2015

NON-CDL LICENSE TYPE/STATUS
(FARS Only)

FORMAT: 1 numeric occurring 2 times.
SAS NAME: Vehicle.L_TYPE; Vehicle.L_STATUS
ELEMENT VALUES:
0
1
2
7
8
9

Type:
Not Licensed
Full Driver License
Intermediate Driver License
Learner’s Permit
Temporary License
Unknown License Type

0
1
2
3
4
6
9

Status:
Not Licensed
Suspended
Revoked
Expired
Canceled or Denied
Valid
Unknown License Status

Definition: This element identifies in two subfields the type license held by this driver and the
status of the license at the time of the crash.
Source:
Official driver record and police report. Official driver records take precedence over policereported information.
Remarks:
Prior to 1993, this element was Driver License Status and included codes “5 – Valid-Single Class”
and “6 – Valid-Multiple Class.”
Starting in 2004, this element was modified to capture both non-CDL license type and status to
accommodate graduated driver license (GDL) programs.
This element is used to establish the driver’s license type and status for all license classes except
the commercial driver’s license (CDL). It also captures the type and status of the NON-CDL
driving privilege for drivers with CDLs.
The NON-CDL License Type/Status is coded for all drivers, including drivers with a CDL.
Use the “Type” field to record whether the driver has a full driver’s license, intermediate driver’s
license, learner’s permit, temporary license, or is not licensed. Use the “Status” field to record if
the license is valid, suspended, revoked, expired, canceled or denied.

2015

515

D7
When involved drivers are in the military, the analyst should be cautious because some States
automatically (without driver application) renew drivers’ licenses or extend the license until the
individual is discharged. Each state analyst should be familiar with their state’s policy on military
personnel and code these license variables accordingly.
In addition, when out-of-state driver requests are made the analyst requesting the data should
note that the driver is in the military.
0 (Not Licensed) (for both Type and Status). 0 (Not Licensed) should be used only when it
has been reasonably established that the driver is not licensed (anywhere). Takes precedence
over all other NON-CDL License Type/Status attributes. Drivers who have a license but fail to
have their license with them at the time of the crash should be coded according to the type (class)
of license they possess and the validity of the license. If the police report indicates that the driver
has “no license,” the analyst should first determine whether this means that the person was not in
possession of his/her license at the time of the crash, or that the driver is not a registered motor
vehicle operator. A review of the violations cited section of the police report may yield some clues
in this matter. If the person is cited for not possessing his/her license or for not having one, then
code this information in variables D21 and D24, Violations Charged and Related Factors-Driver
Level. If the analyst is uncertain as to whether or not the person possesses a license, then code
Unknown should be used.
NON-CDL LICENSE TYPE REMARKS:
1 (Full Driver License) is used for unlimited driving privileges (with no GDL restrictions). This is
based on your state’s eligibility guidelines.
7 (Learner’s Permit) and 2 (Intermediate Driver License) are the first two stages of a tiered
licensing process that allows young drivers to obtain full driver license privileges through safe
driving practices. Typical restrictions include minimum age requirements, passing vision/
knowledge tests, and supervision by adult driver over the age of 21. Other requirements may
include limiting the number of passenger in the vehicle, occupants must wear seatbelts, zero
alcohol tolerance and no at-fault crashes or convictions for a period of time.
NOTE: Beginning in 2004, if 7 (Learner’s Permit) or 2 (Intermediate Driver License) has
expired, code Type as 2 (Intermediate Driver License) or 7 (Learner’s Permit) and
Status as 3 (Expired). (Prior to 2004, an expired Learner’s Permit was coded as 0 (Not
Licensed)).
NOTE: It is important that you know your state’s Graduated Driver License restrictions.
GDL program restrictions vary from state-to-state.
2 (Intermediate Driver License) is the second stage of obtaining a full license privilege. It is
typically for drivers between the ages of 16 and 17, and does not require total supervision during
daylight hours (e.g., adult supervision during the hours of midnight to 5 am). A 2 (Intermediate
Driver License) may be suspended or revoked under certain violations. Other conditions may

516

2015

D7
include conviction-free performance, seat-belt use for occupants, and some age restrictions for
passengers. If any restriction is violated, this GDL restriction period can be extended.
NOTE: 2 (Intermediate Driver License) does not apply for states that do not have a GDL
program. However, your state may have a Learner’s Permit. Also, your state may not use
the name “Intermediate Driver License” and may call it something else.
NOTE: 7 (Learner’s Permit) is the first stage of obtaining a full license privilege. It is
typically for drivers between 14 and 16 years of age, and typically requires total adult
supervision, seat-belt use for occupants, and conviction-free performance. If any restriction
is violated, this GDL restriction period can be extended.
8 (Temporary License) includes any type of non-permanent license issued for a period of time
less than that for a permanent license (e.g., temporary license to drive within a resort area;
temporary license issued to foreign nationals). Short-term permanent licenses are not temporary
(e.g., license issued to elderly drivers requiring frequent re-testing).
7 (Learner’s Permit) and 2 (Intermediate Driver License) held by young drivers awaiting a 1
(Full Driver’s License) are not to be coded 8 (Temporary License).
9 (Unknown License Type) should be used when the type of the license is unknown.
9 (Unknown License Type) is also used when it is unknown whether the driver had a license or
not (e.g., hit-and-run).
NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS REMARKS:
0 (Not Licensed) should be used only when it has been reasonably established that the driver is
not registered (anywhere). 0 (Not Licensed) takes precedence over all other Non-CDL License
Status attributes. Drivers who have a license but fail to have their license with them at the time of
the crash should be coded according to the type (class) of license they possess and the validity of
the license. If the police report indicates that the driver has “no license,” the analyst should first
determine whether this means that the person was not in possession of his/her license at the time
of the crash, or that the driver is not a registered motor vehicle operator. A review of the violations
cited section of the police report may yield some clues in this matter. If the person is cited for not
possessing his/her license or for not having one, then code this information in variables D21 and
D24, Violations Charged and Related Factors-Driver Level. If the analyst is uncertain as to
whether or not the person possesses a license, then code 9 (Unknown) should be used.
1 (Suspended), 2 (Revoked) or 3 (Expired) are used if a 1 (Full Driver License)* is suspended,
revoked, or expired. A 2 (Intermediate Driver License) may be 1 (Suspended) or 2 (Revoked)
under certain violations. If 7 (Learner’s Permit) or 2 (Intermediate Driver License) has expired,
then code 3 (Expired).
Examples: If a 1 (Full Driver License) is revoked or suspended but limited driving is permitted
(e.g., to and from work), use the following criteria:

2015

517

D7
a. If the crash occurs during permitted times of driving, code Non-CDL License Type as 1
(Full Driver License) and Status as 6 (Valid), code Compliance With License Restrictions
as 1 (Restrictions Complied With), and code Related Factors-Driver Level as 19 (Legally
Driving on Suspended or Revoked License).
b. If the crash occurs during invalid times for driving, code Non-CDL License Type as 1 (Full
Driver License) and Status as 1 (Suspended) or 2 (Revoked), code Compliance With
License Restrictions as 2 (Restriction Not Complied With), and do not use Related
Factors-Driver Level as 19 (Legally Driving on Suspended or Revoked License).
1 (Suspended) takes precedence over all other License Status attributes except 0 (Not
Licensed).
4 (Canceled or Denied) is used whenever the driver’s official driver record indicates the driver’s
license* (1) was canceled; or (2) the driver’s request for license, or an extension of one, was
denied.
6 (Valid) refers to any license held by the driver that is valid for a class of vehicle*. If the driver is
in violation of some aspect of his/her license (e.g., one of the restrictions) do not consider the
license as being not valid. Record the restriction on element Compliance with License
Restrictions if applicable. If the police cite the driver for the violation, then the information would
be recorded under elements D21 and D24 (Violations Charged and/or Related Factors-Driver
Level).
9 (Unknown License Status) should be used when the status of the license is unknown. 9
(Unknown License Status) is also used when it is unknown whether the driver had a license or
not (e.g., hit-and-run).
See reference table for coding elements D7 and D10, following the remarks section of element
(D10) License Compliance with Class Of Vehicle.
* NON-CDL privilege only
IMPORTANT NOTE:
In distinguishing license requirements from restrictions focus upon whether or not all drivers
possessing the type of license are mandated to obey the requirement. If they are, then the
requirement is not a restriction, but rather part of the definition of the license. Restrictions, on the
other hand, are requirements specific to individual drivers.

518

2015

D7
Consistency Checks:
IF
(1H3F)

DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9,

(1I0P)

DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE equals
99,

(5I0P)

NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS equals
0,
NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS for this
person equals 9,
NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS equals
9, and COMMERCIAL MOTOR
VEHICLE LICENSE STATUS equals
00,
COMPLIANCE WITH LICENSE
RESTRICTIONS equals 1, and
RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER
LEVEL equals 19,
any VIOLATIONS CHARGED equals
71,

(5I1P)
(6I0P)

(7I0P)

(7K0P)

(8I0P)
(8J0P)
(8J1P)
(D060)

(D100)

NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS equals
0-4, 9,
NON-CDL LICENSE TYPE equals 0,
NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS equals
0,
NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS equals
1-4, 6, or COMMERCIAL MOTOR
VEHICLE LICENSE STATUS equals
1-8, and PERSON TYPE equals 01,
NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS equals
9,

(D110)

NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS equals
9,

(D120)

NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS equals
9,

2015

THEN
NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS and
COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE
LICENSE STATUS must be blank.
NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS must not
equal 0-4, 6, and COMMERCIAL
MOTOR VEHICLE LICENSE STATUS
must not equal 00-08.
COMPLIANCE WITH LICENSE
RESTRICTIONS must not equal 1-3, 9.
COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE
LICENSE STATUS should equal 99.
COMPLIANCE WITH LICENSE
RESTRICTIONS must not equal 1-3.
NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS must
equal 6.
NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS must
equal 0, 1, 2, or COMMERCIAL MOTOR
VEHICLE LICENSE STATUS must
equal 01, 02, 05.
RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER LEVEL
must not equal 19.
NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS must
equal 0.
NON-CDL LICENSE TYPE must equal
0.
AGE should not be less than 015.

all driver history counters PREVIOUS
RECORDED CRASHES should equal
99.
all driver history counters PREVIOUS
RECORDED SUSPENSIONS AND
REVOCATIONS should equal 99.
all driver history counters PREVIOUS
DWI CONVICTIONS should equal 99.

519

D7
IF
(D130)

NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS equals
9,

(D140)

NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS equals
9,

(D160)

NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS does
not equal 9, or COMMERCIAL
MOTOR VEHICLE LICENSE STATUS
does not equal 99,
NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS equals
9, or COMMERCIAL MOTOR
VEHICLE LICENSE STATUS equals
99,
NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS equals
1-4, 6, 9, or COMMERCIAL MOTOR
VEHICLE LICENSE STATUS equals
01-08, 99,
VIOLATIONS CHARGED equals 71,

(D260)

(D340)

(D350)
(D380)

(D620)

NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS equals
9,
NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS equals
0,
NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS equals
0-4,
NON-CDL LICENSE TYPE equals 7,

(D630)

NON-CDL LICENSE TYPE equals 2,

(D640)

AGE equals 014-017, and PERSON
TYPE equals 01,
AGE equals 018-120, and PERSON
TYPE equals 01,and NON-CDL
LICENSE STATUS does not equal 0,
NON-CDL LICENSE TYPE does not
equal 0, 9,
NON-CDL LICENSE TYPE equals 2,
7, and COMPLIANCE WITH LICENSE
RESTRICTIONS equals 2,
NON-CDL LICENSE TYPE equals 1,
and COMPLIANCE WITH LICENSE
RESTRICTIONS equals 2,

(D390)
(D400)

(D650)
(D680)
(D690)
(D700)

520

THEN
all driver history counters PREVIOUS
SPEEDING CONVICTIONS should
equal 99.
all driver history counters PREVIOUS
OTHER MOVING VIOLATION
CONVICTIONS should equal 99.
DRIVER’S ZIP CODE should not equal
99999.
COMPLIANCE WITH LICENSE
RESTRICTIONS should not
equal 0.
LICENSE COMPLIANCE WITH CLASS
OF VEHICLE should not equal 0.
NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS should
not equal 0, 3, 6, 9.
LICENSE COMPLIANCE WITH CLASS
OF VEHICLE should equal 1, 9.
LICENSE COMPLIANCE WITH CLASS
OF VEHICLE should not equal 2, 3, 8, 9.
LICENSE COMPLIANCE WITH CLASS
OF VEHICLE should not equal 3, 8, 9.
AGE (for the driver) should equal
014-016.
AGE (for the driver) should equal
015-017.
NON-CDL LICENSE TYPE should equal
2, 7.
NON-CDL LICENSE TYPE should equal
1.
NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS should
not equal 0, 9.
RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER LEVEL
should equal 73, 74.
RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER LEVEL
should equal 74.

2015

D7
IF
(D710)
(D730)

2015

DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE equals
02, 04, 09, 15, 20, 30, 38, 40, 56,
RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER
LEVEL equals 73,

THEN
NON-CDL LICENSE TYPE should not
equal 2.
COMPLIANCE WITH LICENSE
RESTRICTIONS should equal 2, and
NON-CDL LICENSE TYPE should equal
2, 7.

521

D7
See the following tables for additional guidance for coding Non-CDL License Type/Status for
young drivers with GDL License (7 (Learner’s Permit) and 2 (Intermediate Driver Licenses))
and CDL Drivers:

CDL w/no endorsement valid, driving a CDL vehicle
(no endorsement required). Non-CDL License
Type/Status is Full License/Valid.

D7
NonCDL
Status
6

CDL w/hazardous material endorsement, valid driving
CDL vehicle w/hazardous cargo. Non-CDL License
Type/Status is Full License/Valid.

CDL w/hazardous material endorsement, valid driving
non-CDL vehicle. Non-CDL License Type/Status is
Full License/Valid.

CDL w/ no endorsements suspended, driving a CDL
(double bottom) vehicle. Non-CDL License
Type/Status is Full License/Valid.

CDL w/tanker endorsement, disqualified, driving a
tanker. Non-CDL License Type/Status is Full
License/Suspended.

CDL w/tanker endorsement suspended, driving a nonCDL vehicle. Non-CDL License Type/Status is Full
License/Valid.

Non-CDL license driving CDL 24 passenger bus.
Non-CDL License Type/Status is Full License/Valid.

Non-CDL license driving 24 passenger bus. Non-CDL
License Type/Status is Full License/Suspended.

*CDL w/no endorsements valid, driving CDL vehicle
(endorsement requirement unknown). Non-CDL
License Type/Status is Full License/Suspended.

1
1
11. *CDL w/tanker endorsements valid, driving non-CDL
vehicle. Non-CDL License Type/Status is Full
License/Suspended.
* possible, but unlikely situation

Coding Scenarios for CDL Licenses

10. *CDL w/no endorsements *CDL w/tanker
endorsements valid, driving non-CDL vehicle. NonCDL License Type/Status is Full License/Suspended.

522

D7
Non-CDL
Type

D8
CMV
Status

D11
Comp. w/
Restriction

D10
Comp
w/
Class
3

2015

CODING SCENARIOS FOR
GRADUATED DRIVER’S
LICENSING PROGRAM

NONCDL
TYPE

NON-CDL
STATUS

COMPLIANCE
WITH LICENSE
RESTRICTIONS

RELATED
FACTORSDRIVER
LEVEL

A 16-year-old driver with a valid Intermediate
License driving a vehicle during prohibited
driving hours without corrective lenses.

73, 74

A 15-year-old with a valid Learner’s Permit
driving alone (adult supervision required).

A 16-year-old with a valid Intermediate
License not complying with seat-belt
requirement during permitted daytime driving
hours.

A 17-year-old driver with a valid Intermediate
License. The officer reported there was a 19year-old non-family passenger, in violation of
the state’s GDL requirements.

An 18-year-old driver with an expired
Learner’s Permit driving with no violations of
GDL restrictions.

A 15-year-old with a suspended Learner’s
Permit is driving without required prescription
lenses, and is complying with all GDL
restrictions.

A driver with a suspended Intermediate
Driver’s License complying with all GDL
restrictions.

A 19-year-old with a valid Intermediate
License which was extended due to prior
GDL violations is driving a truck greater than
26,000 lbs. requiring a CDL during prohibited
hours.

A driver with a valid Full Driver’s License
driving without required corrective lenses.

2015

523

THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

524

2015

COMMERICIAL MOTOR VEHICLE LICENSE STATUS
(FARS Only)

FORMAT: 2 numeric
SAS NAME: Vehicle.CDL_STAT
ELEMENT VALUES:
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
99

No (CDL)
Suspended
Revoked
Expired
Canceled or Denied
Disqualified
Valid
Learner’s Permit
Other - Not Valid
Unknown License Status

Definition: This element indicates the status for a driver’s Commercial Driver’s License (CDL)
if applicable.
Remarks:
This element indicates the status for a driver’s Commercial Driver’s License (CDL).
As of April 1, 1992, all states require a driver to have a CDL for driving a commercial motor
vehicle in excess of 26,000 pounds; or for transporting hazardous materials in sufficient
amounts to be placarded; or for transporting 16 or more passengers, including the driver.
See the table on the following page for guidance on coding this element and related driver
status elements.
05 (Disqualified) is used for commercial drivers who have their CDL privilege taken away for
violations against the federal regulations. Although similar to suspension, the reasons for
“disqualification” of a CDL may differ from state suspension reasons.
08 (Other - Not Valid) should be used when a CDL is surrendered or not valid due to the lack
of medical clearance.
99 (Unknown License Status) should be used when the status of the CDL license is unknown
or when it is unknown whether the driver had a CDL license or not (e.g., hit-and-run).

2015

525

D8
Consistency Checks:
IF
(1H3F)

DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9,

(1I0P)

DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE equals
99,

(5I1P)

NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS for this
person equals 9,
NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS equals
9, and COMMERCIAL MOTOR
VEHICLE LICENSE STATUS equals
00,
any VIOLATIONS CHARGED equals
71,

(6I0P)

(7K0P)

(BN0P) DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9,
(CC0P) COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE
LICENSE STATUS equals 00, 99,
(D060) NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS equals
1-4, 6, or COMMERCIAL MOTOR
VEHICLE LICENSE STATUS equals
1-8, and PERSON TYPE equals 01,
(D160) NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS does
not equal 9, or COMMERCIAL
MOTOR VEHICLE LICENSE STATUS
does not equal 99,
(D260) NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS equals
9, or COMMERCIAL MOTOR
VEHICLE LICENSE STATUS equals
99,
(D270) BODY TYPE equals 50-52, 55, 63, 66,
72, or HM1 equals 2,
(D280) VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals
05-08, 21, or HM1 equals 2,
(D300) HM2 equals 2,

526

THEN
NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS and
COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE
LICENSE STATUS must be blank.
NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS must not
equal 0-4, 6, and COMMERCIAL
MOTOR VEHICLE LICENSE STATUS
must not 00-08.
COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE
LICENSE STATUS should equal 99.
COMPLIANCE WITH LICENSE
RESTRICTIONS must not equal 1-3.
NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS must
equal 0, 1, 2, or COMMERCIAL MOTOR
VEHICLE LICENSE STATUS must
equal 01, 02, 05.
COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE
LICENSE STATUS must be blank.
COMPLIANCE WITH CDL
ENDORSEMENTS must not equal 1.
AGE should not be less than 015.

DRIVER’S ZIP CODE should not equal
99999.
COMPLIANCE WITH LICENSE
RESTRICTIONS should not
equal 0.
COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE
LICENSE STATUS should not equal 00.
COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE
LICENSE STATUS should not equal 00.
COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE
LICENSE STATUS should not equal 00
or 99.

2015

(D340)

(D420)
(D430)
(D440)
(D450)
(D460)
(V090)

THEN

NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS equals
1-4, 6, 9, or COMMERCIAL MOTOR
VEHICLE LICENSE STATUS equals
01-08, 99,
COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE
LICENSE STATUS equals 00,
COMPLIANCE WITH CDL
ENDORSEMENTS equals 1-3,
COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE
LICENSE STATUS equals 00,
COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE
LICENSE STATUS equals 00,

LICENSE COMPLIANCE WITH CLASS
OF VEHICLE should not equal 0.

COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE
LICENSE STATUS equals 99,
HM1 equals 2,

(V100) HM1 equals 2, and RELATED
FACTORS-DRIVER LEVEL does not
equal 19,

2015

COMPLIANCE WITH CDL ENDORSEMENTS should not equal 1-3.
COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE
LICENSE STATUS should not equal 00.
BODY TYPE should not equal 50-52, 55,
63, 66, 72, and HM2 should not equal 2.
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should not
equal 05-08, 21, and HM2 should not
equal 2.
COMPLIANCE WITH CDL
ENDORSEMENTS should equal 0, 3, 9.
COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE
LICENSE STATUS should equal 06, 99.
COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE
LICENSE STATUS should not equal
01, 02, 05.

527

D7
NonCDL
Type

D7
NonCDL
Status

D8
CMV
Status

D10
Comp
w/
Class

CDL w/no endorsement valid, driving a CDL vehicle
(no endorsement required). Non-CDL License
Type/Status is Full License/Valid.

D11
Comp.
w/
Restrict
ion
0

CDL w/hazardous material endorsement, valid
driving CDL vehicle w/hazardous cargo. Non-CDL
License Type/Status is Full License/Valid.

CDL w/hazardous material endorsement, valid
driving non-CDL vehicle. Non-CDL License
Type/Status is Full License/Valid.

CDL w/ no endorsements suspended, driving a CDL
(double bottom) vehicle. Non-CDL License
Type/Status is Full License/Valid.

CDL w/tanker endorsement, disqualified, driving a
tanker. Non-CDL License Type/Status is Full
License/Suspended.

CDL w/tanker endorsement suspended, driving a
non-CDL vehicle. Non-CDL License Type/Status is
Full License/Valid.

Non-CDL license driving CDL 24 passenger bus.
Non-CDL License Type/Status is Full License/Valid.

Non-CDL license driving 24 passenger bus. NonCDL License Type/Status is Full License/
Suspended.

*CDL w/no endorsements valid, driving CDL vehicle
(endorsement requirement unknown). Non-CDL
License Type/Status is Full License/Suspended.

10.

*CDL w/no endorsements *CDL w/tanker
endorsements valid, driving non-CDL vehicle. NonCDL License Type/Status is Full License/
Suspended.

11.

*CDL w/tanker endorsements valid, driving non-CDL
vehicle. Non-CDL License Type/Status is Full
License/Suspended.

Coding Scenarios for CDL Licenses

528

2015

COMPLIANCE WITH CDL ENDORSEMENTS
(FARS Only)

FORMAT: 1 numeric
SAS NAME: Vehicle.L_ENDORS
ELEMENT VALUES:
0
1
2
3
9

No Endorsements Required for the vehicle
Endorsement(s) Required, complied with
Endorsement(s) Required, not complied with
Endorsement(s) Required, compliance unknown
Unknown, if required

Definition: This element indicates whether the vehicle driven at the time of the crash requires
endorsement(s) on a Commercial Driver’s License (CDL) and whether this driver is complying
with the CDL endorsements.
Remarks:
These endorsements include: double/triple bottoms, passenger vehicles with 16 passengers,
tank, hazardous materials, combined tank/hazardous materials, and others. This element is to
be coded independently from CDL Status. The driver is not automatically failing to comply with
a CDL endorsement by not having a valid CDL.
0 (No Endorsements Required for the vehicle) is used when this vehicle requires no special
endorsement on a CDL or requires no CDL to operate.
1 (Endorsement(s) Required, complied with) is used when this vehicle requires a CDL and
requires a particular endorsement or set of endorsements, and the driver has a CDL and is in
compliance with the specific endorsements. (Note: The status of the CDL is not used in
determining if the driver has complied with the endorsement.)
2 (Endorsement(s) Required, not complied with) is used when this vehicle requires a CDL
and particular endorsement(s) on the CDL, but the driver does not have a CDL or does not
have the particular endorsement(s) required for the vehicle driven. The driver may have some
other endorsement(s). (Note: The status of the CDL is not used in determining if the driver has
complied with the endorsement.)
3 (Endorsement(s) Required, compliance unknown) is used when this vehicle requires a
CDL and particular endorsement(s) on the CDL, but it is not known whether the driver was in
compliance with the particular endorsement(s) or it is not known whether the driver had a CDL.

2015

529

D9
9 (Unknown, if required) is used when it is unknown if the vehicle requires a CDL, or when it
is unknown if an endorsement is required on a CDL to operate the crash vehicle. The driver
may or may not have a CDL.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(4S1P)
(BI0P)
(BJ0P)
(BK0P)

BODY TYPE equals 80-83, 88, 89
and HM1 does not equal 1,
DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE equals
99,
DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9,
LICENSE COMPLIANCE WITH
CLASS OF VEHICLE equals 1,

(BL0P)

COMPLIANCE WITH CDL
ENDORSEMENTS equals 1,
and any RELATED FACTORSDRIVER LEVEL equals 19,
(CC0P) COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE
LICENSE STATUS equals 00, 99,
(CG0P) LICENSE COMPLIANCE WITH
CLASS OF VEHICLE equals 0,
(D310) HM2 equals 2,
(D410)

LICENSE COMPLIANCE WITH
CLASS OF VEHICLE equals 0,

(D420)

COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE
LICENSE STATUS equals 00,
COMPLIANCE WITH CDL
ENDORSEMENTS equals 1-3,
COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE
LICENSE STATUS equals 99,

(D430)
(D460)

530

THEN
COMPLIANCE WITH CDL
ENDORSEMENTS MUST equal 0.
COMPLIANCE WITH CDL
ENDORSEMENTS must not equal 1, 2.
COMPLIANCE WITH LICENSE
ENDORSEMENTS must be blank.
COMPLIANCE WITH CDL
ENDORSEMENTS must not equal 1-3,
9.
LICENSE COMPLIANCE WITH CLASS
OF VEHICLE must equal 3.
COMPLIANCE WITH CDL
ENDORSEMENTS must not equal 1.
COMPLIANCE WITH CDL
ENDORSEMENTS must not equal 1, 3.
COMPLIANCE WITH CDL
ENDORSEMENTS should equal 1-3.
COMPLIANCE WITH CDL
ENDORSEMENTS should not equal 1-3,
9.
COMPLIANCE WITH CDL
ENDORSEMENTS should not equal 1-3.
COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE
LICENSE STATUS should not equal 00.
COMPLIANCE WITH CDL
ENDORSEMENTS should equal 0, 3, 9.

2015

D9
The table below provides guidance for coding this element for the type of license and
vehicle driven in the crash:
DRIVER LICENSE

VEHICLE DRIVEN IN THE CRASH

NON-CDL

AUTOMOBILE
NON-CDL TRUCK/BUS
CDL, NOT REQUIRING ENDORESEMENT
CDL, REQUIRING ENDORSEMENT
CDL, UNKNOWN IF REQUIRED

0
0
0
2
9

CDL W/NO
ENDORSEMENT

AUTOMOBILE
NON-CDL TRUCK/BUS
CDL, NOT REQUIRING ENDORESEMENT
CDL, REQUIRING ENDORSEMENT
CDL, UNKNOWN IF REQUIRED

0
0
0
2
9

CDL W/
ENDORSEMENT

AUTOMOBILE
NON-CDL TRUCK/BUS
CDL, NOT REQUIRING ENDORESEMENT
CDL, MATCHING ENDORSEMENT
CDL, W/DIFFERENT ENDORSEMENT
CDL, UNKNOWN IF REQUIRED

0
0
0
1
2
9

CDL, ENDORSEMENT
UNKNOWN

AUTOMOBILE
NON-CDL TRUCK/BUS
CDL, NOT REQUIRING ENDORESEMENT
CDL, REQUIRING ENDORSEMENT
CDL, UNKNOWN IF REQUIRED

0
0
0
3
9

CDL UNKNOWN

AUTOMOBILE
NON-CDL TRUCK/BUS
CDL, NOT REQUIRING ENDORESEMENT
CDL, REQUIRING ENDORSEMENT
CDL, UNKNOWN IF REQUIRED

0
0
0
3
9

NOT LICENSED

AUTOMOBILE
NON-CDL TRUCK/BUS
CDL, NOT REQUIRING ENDORESEMENT
CDL, REQUIRING ENDORSEMENT
CDL, UNKNOWN IF REQUIRED

0
0
0
2
9

2015

531

THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

532

2015

D10

LICENSE COMPLIANCE WITH CLASS OF VEHICLE
(FARS Only)

FORMAT: 1 numeric
SAS NAME: Vehicle.L_COMPL
ELEMENT VALUES:
0
1
2
3
8
9

Not licensed
No license required for this class vehicle
No valid license for this class vehicle
Valid license for this class vehicle
Unknown if CDL and/or CDL endorsement required for this vehicle.
Unknown

Definition: This element refers to the type of license possessed or not possessed by the
driver for the class of vehicle being driven at the time of the crash.
Source:
Official driver record and police report. Official driver records take precedence over police
reported information.
Remarks:
This element is coded according to the driver’s Non-CDL License Status when driving a
vehicle not requiring a CDL and to the driver’s Commercial Motor Vehicle License Status when
driving a vehicle requiring a CDL.
Also see Remarks for D7 on military personnel.
0 (Not licensed) should be used only when it has been reasonably established that the driver
is not licensed (anywhere) and where D7 equals 0 (Not licensed). Drivers who have a license
but fail to have their license with them at the time of the crash should be coded according to
the type of license they possess and the class of vehicle they were driving. 0 (Not licensed)
should not be used in this instance. If the police report indicates that the driver has “no
license,” the analyst must first determine whether this means the person was not in possession
of his/her license at the time of the crash or that the driver is not a licensed motor vehicle
operator. A review of the violations cited section of the police report might yield some clues in
this matter. If the person is cited for not possessing his/her license or for not having one, then
code this information in variables D21 and D24 (Violations Charged and Related FactorsDriver Level). If the analyst is uncertain as to whether or not the person possesses a license,
then 9 (Unknown) should be used.

2015

533

D10

1 (No license required for this class vehicle) means that a license was not required for the
vehicle being driven (e.g., mopeds in some states).
2 (No valid license for this class vehicle) may be used for suspended, revoked, canceled or
expired driving privileges. It also refers to drivers with a valid license but not for the class of
vehicle driven at the time of the crash. As an example, the driver has an “operator’s license”
when a “public passenger” type license is required. For this driver, 2 (No valid license for this
class vehicle) should be coded. Another common situation occurs when a separate license is
required for a motorcycle. If the driver possesses a valid license for a passenger car but not for
the motorcycle, then 2 (No valid license for this class vehicle) should be used if the driver
was involved in this crash while driving a motorcycle.
A license (or a portion of the license applicable to the class vehicle driven) that is not in effect
because of some action taken by the State, such as suspended, revoked, etc., is not to be
coded as valid. Similarly, learner’s permits that are not used under the proper conditions (for
example, a required licensed driver for the class of vehicle driven is not present to accompany
the driver involved) are not to be coded as valid either.
2 (No valid license for this class vehicle) should be used for suspended, revoked,
disqualified, canceled or expired CDL licenses when the vehicle requires a CDL (see table for
Commercial Motor Vehicle License Status).
3 (Valid license for this class vehicle) refers to the class of vehicle being driven. As an
example, the driver has a “motorcycle” driver’s license only and was driving a motorcycle at the
time of the crash; 3 (Valid license for this class vehicle) should be used. On the other hand,
a driver might possess a multiple-class license allowing him or her to drive a passenger car as
well as a motorcycle. If the vehicle being driven at the time of the crash is a passenger car,
also code this element 3 (Valid license for this class vehicle). If the vehicle driver requires a
CDL and the CDL status is valid, use 3 (Valid license for this class vehicle).
8 (Unknown if CDL and/or CDL endorsement required for the vehicle) should be used if it
cannot be determined if the vehicle driven requires a CDL or CDL endorsement. There should
be sufficient cause to suspect the need for a CDL or CDL endorsement to use this code, such
as the vehicle’s size (26,001 lbs. or more), configuration (tractor/trailer, combinations, tankers,
etc.), or possibly hauling hazardous cargo.
9 (Unknown) should be used when the driver has a license but the type or validity are
uncertain or if it is unknown whether the driver had a license or not (e.g., hit-and-run).

534

2015

D10
A cross-reference table for coding variables D7 and D10 follows. Consult this table only when
the driver is operating a vehicle that does not require a CDL.
Cross Reference Table for D7 and D10
D7 (Status)
D10
0
1
2
3
4
6
9
Y = Valid Combination
N = Invalid Combination
REMINDER:

0
Y
N
N
N
N
N
N

1
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y

2
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N

3
N
N
N
N
N
Y
N

8
N
N
N
N
N
N
N

9
N
N
N
N
N
Y
Y

D7 = Applies to any license entry in the driver’s record (except CDL)
D10 = Applies to this vehicle only

Consistency Checks:
IF
(1H2F)
(1K0P)

DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9,

DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE equals
99,
(6L0P) COMPLIANCE WITH LICENSE
RESTRICTIONS equals 1, and
RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER
LEVEL equals 19,
(8L0P) LICENSE COMPLIANCE WITH
CLASS OF VEHICLE equals 0-2, 9,
(9J0P) LICENSE COMPLIANCE WITH
CLASS OF VEHICLE equals 0, 1,
(BK0P) LICENSE COMPLIANCE WITH
CLASS OF VEHICLE equals 1,
(BL0P) COMPLIANCE WITH CDL
ENDORSEMENTS equals 1, and any
RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER
LEVEL equals 19,
(CG0P) LICENSE COMPLIANCE WITH
CLASS OF VEHICLE equals 0,

2015

THEN
LICENSE COMPLIANCE WITH CLASS
OF VEHICLE must be blank.
LICENSE COMPLIANCE WITH CLASS
OF VEHICLE must not equal 0-3.
LICENSE COMPLIANCE WITH CLASS
OF VEHICLE must equal 3.
RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER LEVEL
must not equal 19.
COMPLIANCE WITH LICENSE
RESTRICTIONS must not equal 1-3, 9.
COMPLIANCE WITH CDL ENDORSEMENTS must not equal 1-3, 9.
LICENSE COMPLIANCE WITH CLASS
OF VEHICLE must equal 3.
COMPLIANCE WITH CDL
ENDORSEMENTS must not equal 1, 3.

535

D10

(D340)

(D380)
(D390)
(D400)
(D410)

536

THEN

NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS equals
1-4, 6, 9, or COMMERCIAL MOTOR
VEHICLE LICENSE STATUS equals
01-08, 99,
NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS equals
9,
NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS equals
0,
NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS equals
0-4,
LICENSE COMPLIANCE WITH
CLASS OF VEHICLE equals 0,

LICENSE COMPLIANCE WITH CLASS
OF VEHICLE should not equal 0.
LICENSE COMPLIANCE WITH CLASS
OF VEHICLE should equal 1, 9.
LICENSE COMPLIANCE WITH CLASS
OF VEHICLE should not equal 2, 3, 8, 9.
LICENSE COMPLIANCE WITH CLASS
OF VEHICLE should not equal 3, 8, 9.
COMPLIANCE WITH CDL
ENDORSEMENTS should not equal 1-3,
9.

2015

D11

COMPLIANCE WITH LICENSE RESTRICTIONS
(FARS Only)

FORMAT: 1 numeric
SAS NAME: Vehicle.L_RESTRI
ELEMENT VALUES:
0
1
2
3
9

No Restrictions or Not Applicable
Restrictions Complied With
Restrictions Not Complied With
Restrictions, Compliance Unknown
Unknown

Definition: This element identifies if a driver was compliant with restrictions on their license.
Remarks:
Refers to both physical restrictions (corrective lenses, automatic transmission, etc.) and
imposed restrictions (limited driving). Starting in 2004, it also refers to any limitations imposed
on Learner’s Permits and Intermediate Licenses in states with Graduated Driver Licensing
(GDL) programs. (e.g., driving during prohibited periods [midnight to 5 AM]; driving without
adult supervision, etc.). (See “Coding Scenarios for GDL Licensing Program” table on two
pages ahead.)
Code all applicable restrictions regardless of license status.
Examples:
If a Non-CDL License Type of 1 (Full Driver License) is revoked or suspended but limited
driving is permitted (e.g., to and from work), use the following criteria:
a. If the crash occurs during permitted times of driving, code Non-CDL License Type as 1
(Full Driver License) and Status as 6 (Valid), code Compliance With License Restrictions
as 1 (Restrictions Complied With), and code Related Factors-Driver Level as 19 (Legally
Driving on Suspended or Revoked License).
b. If the crash occurs during invalid times for driving, code Non-CDL License Type as 1 (Full
Driver License) and Status as 1 (Suspended) or 2 (Revoked), code Compliance With
License Restrictions as 2 (Restriction Not Complied With), and do not use Related
Factors-Driver Level as 19 (Legally Driving on Suspended or Revoked License).

2015

537

D11
If due to a CDL, a driver has more than one license restriction, code compliance for the most
appropriate license restrictions based on the vehicle being driven at the time of the crash. (i.e.
– if vehicle being driven requires a CDL, use the CDL license restrictions).
0 (No Restrictions or Not Applicable) is used when the driver has no restrictions on their
license, when the driver is unlicensed or when they are operating a vehicle that does not
require a license.
1 (Restrictions Complied With) is used when the driver is in compliance with the restrictions
for their driver’s license.
2 (Restrictions Not Complied With) is used when the driver is not compliant with the
restrictions for their driver’s license.
3 (Restrictions, Compliance Unknown) is used when it is known that this driver has
restrictions on their license but compliance is not known.
9 (Unknown) is used when it is unknown if the driver is licensed or when it is unknown if a
licensed driver had restrictions.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(1H4F)

DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9,

(2I0P)

DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE equals
99,
NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS equals
0,
NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS equals
9, and COMMERCIAL MOTOR
VEHICLE LICENSE STATUS equals
00,
COMPLIANCE WITH LICENSE
RESTRICTIONS equals 1, and
RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER
LEVEL equals 19,
COMPLIANCE WITH LICENSE
RESTRICTIONS equals 1, and
RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER
LEVEL equals 19,
RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER
LEVEL equals 73, 74,

(5I0P)
(6I0P)

(6L0P)

(7I0P)

(8J2P)

538

THEN
COMPLIANCE WITH LICENSE
RESTRICTIONS must be blank.
COMPLIANCE WITH LICENSE
RESTRICTIONS must not equal 0-3.
COMPLIANCE WITH LICENSE
RESTRICTIONS must not equal 1-3, 9.
COMPLIANCE WITH LICENSE
RESTRICTIONS must not equal 1-3.
LICENSE COMPLIANCE WITH CLASS
OF VEHICLE must equal 3.
NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS must
equal 6.
COMPLIANCE WITH LICENSE
RESTRICTIONS must equal 2.

2015

D11
IF
(9J0P)

LICENSE COMPLIANCE WITH
CLASS OF VEHICLE equals 0, 1,

(D260)

NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS equals
9, or COMMERCIAL MOTOR
VEHICLE LICENSE STATUS equals
99,
NON-CDL LICENSE TYPE equals 2,
7, and COMPLIANCE WITH LICENSE
RESTRICTIONS equals 2,
NON-CDL LICENSE TYPE equals 1,
and COMPLIANCE WITH LICENSE
RESTRICTIONS equals 2,
RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER
LEVEL equals 73,

(D690)
(D700)
(D730)

2015

THEN
COMPLIANCE WITH LICENSE
RESTRICTIONS must not equal 1-3,
9.
COMPLIANCE WITH LICENSE
RESTRICTIONS should not equal 0.
RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER LEVEL
should equal 73, 74.
RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER LEVEL
should equal 74.
COMPLIANCE WITH LICENSE
RESTRICTIONS should equal 2, and
NON-CDL LICENSE TYPE should equal
2, 7.

539

D11

CODING SCENARIOS FOR
GRADUATED DRIVER’S
LICENSING PROGRAM

NON-CDL
TYPE

NONCDL
STATUS

COMP.W/
LIC. RES.

RELATED
FACTORSDRIVER
LEVEL

1. A 16-year-old driver with a valid
Intermediate License driving a vehicle
during prohibited driving hours without
corrective lenses.

73, 74

2. A 15-year-old with a valid Learner’s Permit
driving alone (adult supervision required).

3. A 16-year-old with a valid Intermediate
License not complying with seat-belt
requirement during permitted daytime
driving hours.

4. A 17-year-old driver with a valid
Intermediate License. The officer reported
there was a 19-year-old non-family
passenger, in violation of the state’s GDL
requirements.

5. An 18-year-old driver with an expired
Learner’s Permit driving with no violations
of GDL restrictions.

6. A 15-year-old with a suspended Learner’s
Permit is driving without required
prescription lenses, and is complying with
all GDL restrictions.

7. A driver with a suspended Intermediate
Driver’s License complying with all GDL
restrictions.

8. A 19-year-old with a valid Intermediate
License which was extended due to prior
GDL violations is driving a truck greater
than 26,000 lbs. Requiring a CDL during
prohibited hours.

9. A driver with a valid Full Driver’s License
driving without required corrective lenses.

540

2015

D12

DRIVER HEIGHT
(FARS Only)

FORMAT: 1 set 1 numeric, 1 set 2 numeric
SAS NAME: Vehicle.DR_HGT
ELEMENT VALUES:
0
2-8
9
00-11
24-96
98
99

Feet:
See Inches
Actual Feet
Unknown
Inches:
Actual Inches
Other
Unknown

Definition: This element identifies a driver's height.
Remarks:
Use the driver licensing files to code this element. The Coroner’s Report may be used and may
contain more current/accurate information.
Code the driver’s height in feet and inches, if available. Inches less than 10 must be rightjustified with a leading “0” (e.g., nine inches is coded “09”). If Height is only available in total
inches, then code INCHES and code FEET as “0.”
The tallest Height that can be recorded in total INCHES is 96 inches (8 ft). The tallest Height
that can be recorded in FEET and INCHES is 8 ft. – 11 inches. If the driver is taller than 96
inches, then you must code Height as feet and inches. If the driver is taller than 8 ft. – 11
inches, then you must code the DRIVER HEIGHT as “Other” (0 FEET, 98 INCHES).
DRIVER HEIGHT less than “3 Feet” or greater than “7 Feet – 0 Inches” or less than “36
Inches” or greater than “0 Feet – 84 Inches” will raise an error flag.

2015

541

D12
Consistency Checks:
IF
(1HDF) DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9,
(4H1P)
(4H2P)
(4H3P)
(4H4P)
(4H5P)
(4H6P)
(4H7P)
(D600)
(D610)
(U260)
(U280)

542

DRIVER HEIGHT/INCHES is less
than 12,
DRIVER HEIGHT/INCHES is greater
than 11,
DRIVER HEIGHT/FEET is 2-8,

THEN
DRIVER HEIGHT (feet and inches) must
equal blank.
DRIVER HEIGHT/FEET must not be
blank.
DRIVER HEIGHT/FEET must equal 0.

DRIVER HEIGHT/ INCHES must equal
00-11.
DRIVER HEIGHT/FEET equals 9,
DRIVER HEIGHT/INCHES must equal
99.
DRIVER HEIGHT/INCHES equals 99, DRIVER HEIGHT/FEET must equal 9.
DRIVER HEIGHT/INCHES equals 98, DRIVER HEIGHT/FEET must equal 0.
DRIVER HEIGHT/FEET is 0,
DRIVER HEIGHT/INCHES must equal
24-96, 98.
DRIVER HEIGHT/INCHES is greater
DRIVER HEIGHT/INCHES should not
than 11,
be less than 48.
DRIVER HEIGHT/FEET is not blank,
DRIVER HEIGHT/FEET should not be
less than 3.
UNLIKELY: DRIVER HEIGHT is less than 3 feet or greater than 7 feet, verify
data.
UNLIKELY: DRIVER HEIGHT is less than 36 inches or greater than 84 inches,
verify data.

2015

D13

DRIVER WEIGHT
(FARS Only)

FORMAT: 3 numeric
SAS NAME: Vehicle.DR_WGT
ELEMENT VALUES:
040-700
998
999

Actual weight in pounds
Other
Unknown

Definition: This element identifies a driver's weight.
Remarks:
Use the driver licensing files to code this element. The Coroner’s Report may be used and may
contain more current/accurate information.
Code the driver’s weight in pounds, if available.
Weight should be right justified.
Weights less than 100 lbs. must be coded with a leading “0” in the left-most position (e.g., 98
lbs. is coded “098”).
DRIVER WEIGHT less than 50 lbs. or greater than 399 lbs. will raise an error flag.
Consistency Checks:
IF

THEN

(1HEF) DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9,
DRIVER WEIGHT must equal blank.
(U290) UNLIKELY: DRIVER WEIGHT is less than 50 lbs. or greater than 399 lbs., verify
data.

2015

543

THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

544

2015

D14, D15, D16
D17, D18

DRIVER LEVEL COUNTERS
(FARS Only)

PREVIOUS RECORDED CRASHES*
PREVIOUS RECORDED SUSPENSIONS AND REVOCATIONS*
PREVIOUS DWI CONVICTIONS*
PREVIOUS SPEEDING CONVICTIONS*
PREVIOUS OTHER MOVING VIOLATION CONVICTIONS *
FORMAT: 2 numeric for each element
SAS NAME: Vehicle.PREV_ACC, Vehicle.PREV_SUS, Vehicle.PREV_DWI,
Vehicle.PREV_SPD, Vehicle.PREV_OTH
ELEMENT VALUES:
00
01-97
98
99

None
Actual Value, but any value greater than 05 will be questioned (except for “Previous
Recorded Suspensions and Revocations” when any value greater than 10 will be
questioned).
Crashes not reported on Driving Record (valid only for Previous Recorded Crashes)
Unknown

Definition for Previous Recorded Crashes: This element records any previous crashes for
this driver. Count only events occurring within five years from the crash date.
Definition for Previous Recorded Suspensions and Revocations: This element records
any previous license suspensions or revocations for this driver. Count only the events
occurring within five years from the crash date. If it can be identified on the driving record,
do not include in this count recorded suspensions and revocations resulting from nontraffic related issues or offenses (e.g., failure to pay child support, failure to appear in
court for a non-driving offense, a suspension imposed for a drug-related offense not
involving the operation of a motor vehicle).
Definition for Previous DWI Convictions: This element records any previous DWI
convictions for this driver. Count only the events occurring within five years from the crash
date.
Definition for Previous Speeding Convictions: This element records any previous
Speeding convictions for this driver. Count only the events occurring within five years from
the crash date.
Definition for Previous Other Moving Violation Convictions: This element records any
other previous moving violation convictions for this driver. Count only the events occurring
within five years from the crash date. This count excludes non-moving violations noted in
the driver history. Examples include, registration or title violations, operating a motor

2015

545

D14, D15, D16
D17, D18
vehicle without insurance, failure to pay required toll, improper/illegal parking, leaving
child unattended in vehicle, driving on a suspended/revoked license, etc.
Remarks:
If a driver has been DISQUALIFIED for a CDL, record this event in PREVIOUS RECORDED
SUSPENSIONS AND REVOCATIONS. DO NOT include the current crash in any of the
counters.
Remember there is a difference between a violation and a conviction. The violation is not
counted in Previous DWI, Previous Speeding and Previous Other Harmful Moving Violation
Convictions. These elements refer ONLY TO CONVICTIONS. Both convictions and violations
appear on driver records in many states. Be careful that you code the conviction dates and
NOT the violation dates.
DWI refers to both alcohol and drug convictions.
When you are responding to another state’s request for driver data, do the following:
1. In the counters, record both in-state and out-of-state convictions, crashes, suspensions and
revocations that appear on your state’s record.
2. List out-of-state activity that is included in the counters in the area provided on the OUTOF-STATE DRIVER DATA RESPONSE (see example on next page).
The Out-of-State Driver Data Response is provided through the message system.
Drivers can have a driving record or driver’s license from more than one state. When you are
coding the driver level counter elements (Crashes, Suspensions, Revocations, DWI, Speeding
and Other Harmful MV Conviction), be sure to combine distinct events from all of the records
you have. Be careful not to double-count the same event. Also use Related Factors – Driver
Level 89 (Driver has a Driving Record or Driver’s License From More Than One State)
when this situation occurs.

546

2015

D14, D15, D16
D17, D18
OUT-OF-STATE DRIVER DATA RESPONSE
VEHICLE NO.:
DATE OF CRASH: / /

DEST. STATE:
STATE CASE #:
FARS CODE #:
DRIVER NAME:

NON-CDL
STATUS:
CDL STATUS:
DRIVER ZIP
CODE:
RACE/HISPANIC ORIGIN:

LICENSE STATE:
LICENSE TYPE COMPLIANCE:

NON-CDL
RESTRICTIONS
(1)
(2)
(3)

NON-CDL
ENDORSEMENTS
(1)
(2)
(3)

CDL
RESTRICTIONS
(1)
(2)
(3)

DATE OF BIRTH:

DRIVER HEIGHT:
DRIVER WEIGHT:

CDL
ENDORSEMENTS
(1)
(2)
(3)

PREVIOUS RECORD
(Number Of)
CRASHES ____

SUSP/REVO ____

LAST CRASH, SUSP., DWI, ETC.

DWI _____
/

SPEED _____

OTHER MV. _____

FIRST CRASH, SUSP., DWI, ETC

OUT-OF-STATE VIOLATIONS INCLUDED* ABOVE:
*(INCLUDE KNOWN OUT-OF-STATE CRASHES, SUSP/REV., DWI, SPEED, ETC.
IN PREVIOUS RECORD COUNTS ABOVE AND LIST BELOW)
VIOLATION
DATE

CONVICT
DATE

VIOLATION
(TRANSLATION)

STATE

ACC,SUSP/REV,DWI,
SPEED OR OTHER?

COMMENTS:

NOTES TO SENDING ANALYST:
Please be careful not to include PREVIOUS RECORD information for events which occur
after the DATE OF CRASH
Please fill all appropriate fields. Don’t leave blanks

2015

547

D14, D15, D16
D17, D18
PREVIOUS OTHER MOVING VIOLATION CONVICTIONS includes all other motor vehicle
convictions. Some examples of convictions include:





running a red light,
reckless driving,
improper lane changing,
failure to yield, etc.

* For Element _____, Values greater than ____ are unlikely and will raise an error flag:
Element
PREVIOUS RECORDED CRASHES
PREVIOUS RECORDED SUSPENSIONS AND REVOCATIONS
PREVIOUS DWI CONVICTIONS
PREVIOUS SPEEDING CONVICTIONS
PREVIOUS OTHER MOVING VIOLATION CONVICTION

Value
8
10
8
8
8

Make sure you know what constitutes a MOVING VIOLATION in your state. The DMV should
be able to help you determine these.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(1H7F)

DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9,

(1H8F)

DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9,

(1H9F)

DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9,

(1H0F)

DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9,

(1HAF) DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9,
(1J0P)
(1J1P)

any counter equals 99,
any counter equals 99,

(1J2P)

any counter equals 99,

548

THEN
PREVIOUS RECORDED CRASHES
must be blank.
PREVIOUS RECORDED SUSPENSIONS must be blank.
PREVIOUS DWI CONVICTIONS must
be blank.
PREVIOUS SPEEDING CONVICTIONS
must be blank.
PREVIOUS OTHER MOVING
VIOLATION CONVICTIONS must be
blank.
all counters must equal 99.
DATE OF LAST CRASH, SUSPENSION, CONVICTION must equal
999999.
DATE OF FIRST CRASH, SUSPENSION, CONVICTION must equal
999999.

2015

D14, D15, D16
D17, D18
IF
(2J0P)

(2J1P)

(3I1P)
(3I2P)
(3I3P)
(3I4P)

all counters are not blanks and
PREVIOUS RECORDED CRASHES
is not equal to 98 and any counter are
not equal to 00, 99,
all counters are not blanks and
PREVIOUS RECORDED CRASHES
is not equal to 98 and any counter are
not equal to 00, 99,
DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE equals
99,
DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE equals
99,
DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE equals
99,
DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE equals
99,

(3I5P)

DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE equals
99,

(4J0P)

all counters are not blanks and the
sum of all counters less than 98 is
equal to 1,

(CJ00)

PREVIOUS RECORDED CRASHES
equals 98,
DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE equals
96, 97,
DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE equals
96, 97,

(D010)
(D020)
(D030)
(D040)
(D050)
(D100)

2015

DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE equals
96, 97,
DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE equals
96, 97,
DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE equals
96, 97,
NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS equals
9,

THEN
DATE OF LAST CRASH, SUSPENSION, CONVICTION must not equal
000000, 999999.
DATE OF FIRST CRASH, SUSPENSION, CONVICTION must not equal
000000, 999999.
all driver history counters PREVIOUS
RECORDED CRASHES must equal 99.
all driver history counters PREVIOUS
RECORDED SUSPENSIONS AND
REVOCATIONS must equal 99.
all driver history counters PREVIOUS
DWI CONVICTIONS must equal 99.
all driver history counters PREVIOUS
SPEEDING CONVICTIONS must equal
99.
all driver history counters PREVIOUS
OTHER MOVING VIOLATION
CONVICTIONS must equal 99.
DATE OF LAST CRASH,
SUSPENSION, CONVICTION must
equal DATE OF FIRST CRASH,
SUSPENSION, CONVICTION.
DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE should
equal 09, 13, 28, 30, 35, 49.
PREVIOUS RECORDED CRASHES
should equal 99.
PREVIOUS RECORDED
SUSPENSIONS AND REVOCATIONS
should equal 99.
PREVIOUS DWI CONVICTIONS should
equal 99.
PREVIOUS SPEEDING CONVICTIONS
should equal 99.
PREVIOUS OTHER MOVING
VIOLATION CONVICTIONS should
equal 99.
all driver history counters PREVIOUS
RECORDED CRASHES should equal
99.

549

D14, D15, D16
D17, D18
IF
(D110)
(D120)
(D130)
(D140)
(D480)
(U210)
(U220)
(U230)
(U240)
(U250)

550

THEN

NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS equals
9,

all driver history counters PREVIOUS
RECORDED SUSPENSIONS AND
REVOCATIONS should equal 99.
NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS equals all driver history counters PREVIOUS
9,
DWI CONVICTIONS should equal 99.
NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS equals all driver history counters PREVIOUS
9,
SPEEDING CONVICTIONS should
equal 99.
NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS equals all driver history counters PREVIOUS
9,
OTHER MOVING VIOLATION
CONVICTIONS should equal 99.
DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE equals
PREVIOUS RECORDED CRASHES
09, 13, 28, 30, 35, 49,
should equal 98.
UNLIKELY: PREVIOUS RECORDED CRASHES is greater than 8 and less than
98.
UNLIKELY: PREVIOUS RECORDED SUSPENSIONS AND REVOCATIONS is
greater than 10 and less than 98.
UNLIKELY: PREVIOUS DWI CONVICTIONS is greater than 8 and less than 98.
UNLIKELY: PREVIOUS SPEEDING CONVICTIONS is greater than 8 and less
than 98.
UNLIKELY: PREVIOUS OTHER MOVING VIOLATION CONVICTIONS is greater
than 8 and less than 98.

2015

D19, D20

DATE OF FIRST AND LAST CRASH, SUSPENSION,
CONVICTION
(FARS Only)

FORMAT: 1 set 2 numeric, 1 set 4 numeric for each element.
SAS NAME: Vehicle.FIRST_MO, Vehicle.FIRST_YR / Vehicle.LAST_MO,
Vehicle.LAST_YR
ELEMENT VALUES:
00
01-12
99
0000
9999

Month:
No Record
Actual Month
Unknown
Year:
No Record
All 4 Digits of Actual Year
Unknown

Definition for Date of First Crash, Suspension, Conviction: This element identifies the
date of the first crash, suspension, or conviction recorded in elements D14 through D18.
Count only dates of events occurring within five years from the crash date.
Definition for Date of Last Crash, Suspension, Conviction: This element identifies the
date of the last crash, suspension, or conviction recorded in elements D14 through D18.
Count only dates of events occurring within five years from the crash date.
Remarks:
If it can be identified on the driving record, do not include recorded suspensions and
revocations resulting from non-traffic related issues or offenses (e.g., failure to pay
child support, failure to appear in court for a non-driving offense, a suspension
imposed for a drug-related offense not involving the operation of a motor vehicle).
Code only dates of events occurring within five years from the crash date. Code the month
and year in that order.
This element, although it contains two pieces of information, should be treated as one element.
That is never leave month blank without leaving the year blank, and vice versa.

2015

551

D19, D20
Consistency Checks:
IF
(1HCF) DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9,
(1HBF) DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9,

THEN
DATE OF FIRST CRASH, SUSPENSION, CONVICTION must be blank.
DATE OF LAST CRASH, SUSPENSION, CONVICTION must be blank.
DATE OF LAST CRASH, SUSPENSION, CONVICTION must equal
999999.
DATE OF FIRST CRASH, SUSPENSION, CONVICTION must equal
999999.
DATE OF LAST CRASH, SUSPENSION, CONVICTION must not equal
000000, 999999.

(1J1P)

If any counter equals 99,

(1J2P)

If any counter equals 99,

(2J0P)

all counters are not blanks and
PREVIOUS RECORDED CRASHES
is not equal to 98 and any counter are
not equal to 00, 99,
DATE OF FIRST CRASH, SUSPENall counters are not blanks and
SION, CONVICTION must not equal
PREVIOUS RECORDED CRASHES
is not equal to 98 and any counter are 000000, 999999.
not equal to 00, 99,
DATE OF FIRST CRASH, SUSPENSION, CONVICTION must be less than or
equal to DATE OF LAST CRASH, SUSPENSION, CONVICTION.
all counters equal 00,
DATE OF FIRST CRASH, SUSPENSION, CONVICTION must equal 000000.
all counters are not blanks and the
DATE OF LAST CRASH, SUSPENSsum of all counters less than 98 is
ION, CONVICTION must equal DATE
equal to 1,
OF FIRST CRASH, SUSPENSION,
CONVICTION.
Month of DATE OF FIRST CRASH,
Year (of same) must equal 0000.
SUSPENSION, CONVICTION equals
00,
Year of DATE OF FIRST CRASH,
Month (of same) must equal 00.
SUSPENSION, CONVICTION equals
0000,
If the sum of all counters less than 98 DATE OF LAST CRASH, SUSPENis greater than fifteen,
SION, CONVICTION must not equal
DATE OF FIRST CRASH, SUSPENSION, CONVICTION.
The Year of DATE OF FIRST CRASH, SUSPENSION, CONVICTION must be
within five years of the Year of CRASH DATE.

(2J1P)

(2K0P)
(3J1P)
(4J0P)

(4K2P)
(4K3P)
(5J0P)

(5K0P)

552

2015

D19, D20
IF
(990P)

any counter equals 99,

(D150)

the sum of all counters less than 98 is
greater than five but less than fifteen,

2015

THEN
all counters and DATE OF LAST
CRASH, SUSPENSION, CONVICTION
and DATE OF FIRST CRASH,
SUSPENSION, CONVICTION must
equal 9999.
DATE OF LAST CRASH, SUSPENSION, CONVICTION should not equal
DATE OF FIRST CRASH, SUSPENSION, CONVICTION.

553

THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

554

2015

D21

VIOLATIONS CHARGED
FORMAT: 2 numeric. Select all the apply.
SAS NAME: Violatn.MVIOLATN
ELEMENT VALUES:
00

None

01
02
03
04
10
05
06
07
08
09

Reckless/Careless/Hit-and-Run Type Offenses
Manslaughter or homicide
Willful reckless driving; driving to endanger; negligent driving
Unsafe reckless (not willful, wanton reckless) driving
Inattentive, careless, improper driving
Use of Telecommunications Device
Fleeing or eluding police
Fail to obey police, fireman, authorized person directing traffic
Hit-and-run, fail to stop after crash
Fail to give aid, information, wait for police after crash
Serious violation resulting in death

11
12
13
14
15
16
18
19
21
22
23
24
25
26
29

2015

Impairment Offenses
Driving while intoxicated (alcohol or drugs) or BAC above limit (any detectable BAC
for CDLs)
Driving while impaired
Driving under influence of substance not intended to intoxicate
Drinking while operating
Illegal possession of alcohol or drugs
Driving with detectable alcohol
Refusal to submit to chemical test
Alcohol, drug or impairment violations generally
Speed-Related Offenses
Racing
Speeding (above the speed limit)
Speed greater than reasonable & prudent (not necessarily over the limit)
Exceeding special limit (e.g.: for trucks, buses, cycles, or on bridge, in school zone,
etc.)
Energy speed (exceeding 55 mph, non-pointable)
Driving too slowly
Speed related violations, generally

555

D21

31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39

Rules of the Road – Traffic Sign & Signals
Fail to stop for red signal
Fail to stop for flashing red
Violation of turn on red (fail to stop & yield, yield to pedestrians before turning)
Fail to obey flashing signal (yellow or red)
Fail to obey signal, generally
Violate RR grade crossing device/regulations
Fail to obey stop sign
Fail to obey yield sign
Fail to obey traffic control device

42
43
45
46
48
49

Rules of the Road – Turning, Yielding, Signaling
Turn in violation of traffic control (disobey signs, turn arrow or pavement markings;
this is not a right-on-red violation)
Improper method & position of turn (too wide, wrong lane)
Fail to signal for turn or stop
Fail to yield to emergency vehicle
Fail to yield, generally
Enter intersection when space insufficient
Turn, yield, signaling violations, generally

51
52
53
54
55
56
58
59

Rules of the Road – Wrong Side, Passing & Following
Driving wrong way on one-way road
Driving on left, wrong side of road, generally
Improper, unsafe passing
Pass on right (drive off pavement to pass)
Pass stopped school bus
Fail to give way when overtaken
Following too closely
Wrong side, passing, following violations, generally

61
62
63
66
67
69

Rules of the Road – Lane Usage
Unsafe or prohibited lane change
Improper use of lane (enter of 3-lane road, HOV designated lane)
Certain traffic to use right lane (trucks, slow-moving, etc.)
Motorcycle lane violations (more than two per lane, riding between lanes, etc.)
Motorcyclist attached to another vehicle
Lane violations, generally

71
72
73
74
75
76

Non-Moving – License and Registration Violations
Driving while license withdrawn
Other driver license violations
Commercial driver violations (log book, hours, permits carried)
Vehicle registration violations
Fail to carry insurance card
Driving uninsured vehicle

556

2015

D21
79

Non-moving violations, generally

81
82
83
84
85
86
89

Equipment
Lamp violations
Brake violations
Failure to require restraint use (by self or passengers)
Motorcycle equipment violations (helmet, special equipment)
Violation of hazardous cargo regulations
Size, weight, load violations
Equipment violations, generally

91
92
93
97
98
99

License, Registration & Violations
Parking
Theft, unauthorized use of motor vehicle
Driving where prohibited (sidewalk, limited access, off truck route)
Not Reported
Other moving violation (coasting, backing, opening door)
Unknown VIOLATION(s)

Definition: This element identifies all violations charged to this driver in this crash.
Remarks:
This refers to those violations to the Vehicle Code charged as noted on the police accident
report. Code all violations listed on the PAR for this driver regardless of ownership of the
vehicle (e.g., "borrowed", "fleet", "rental cars", etc.).
If you are unable to distinguish between the violations within a specific category, use the
General Code (i.e., 09, 19, 29, 39, 49, 59, 69, 79, 89) for that category.
00 (None) is used when there is indication that no violations were charged to this driver or
when no violations are noted in the case materials for this driver and that indicates no
violations were charged to the driver.
GES SPECIAL INSTRUCTION:
In cases where the investigating officer has designated “pending” in the case materials
use 00 (None).
71 (Driving While License Withdrawn) would include violations for operating a vehicle with a
suspended or revoked driver's license or violating the provisions of a work permit.
72 (Other Driver License Violations) is used when the driver is cited for not complying with
learner’s permit or intermediate driver license restrictions (GDL Restrictions) or if the driver's
license has expired. This attribute is also used when the driver has been cited for driving

2015

557

D21
without a license (i.e., never been issued a license. For suspended or revoked, see 71
(Driving While License Withdrawn)).
97 (Not Reported)
If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable,
then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”.
Code 97 (Not Reported) in these two situations:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the information
to code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials)
2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case
materials).
99 (Unknown Violation(s)) is used when it is known that this driver had one or more violations
but the specific violation(s) or violation category(ies) cannot be identified.
Examples:



If it is known a driver had two violations but they cannot be identified code 99 (Unknown
Violation(s)) once.
If the driver has a known specific violation(s) and other unspecified violation(s) code all
the specific violation(s) and code 99 (Unknown Violation(s)) once.
FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION:
In cases where the investigating officer has designated “pending”, always follow up
whenever possible to confirm a violation was charged before entering 00 (None) or 99
(Unknown).

Consistency Checks:
IF
(1H6F)
(6K0P)
(7K0P)

(7K1P)
(8K0P)

558

THEN

DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9,
VIOLATION CHARGED equals 71,

VIOLATIONS CHARGED must be blank.
RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER LEVEL
must not equal 19.
any VIOLATIONS CHARGED equals
NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS must
71,
equal 0, 1, 2, or COMMERCIAL MOTOR
VEHICLE LICENSE STATUS must
equal 01, 02, 05.
VIOLATIONS CHARGED code 99 must not be used more than once per driver.
VIOLATIONS CHARGED equals
HIT-AND-RUN must not equal 0.
07, 08,

2015

D21

(A270)
(D080)
(D090)

THEN

any VIOLATIONS CHARGED equals
31-35, 37,
VIOLATION CHARGED equals 01-06,
09, 31-69, 81-91, 98,
VIOLATIONS CHARGED equals
11-19, and PERSON TYPE equals 01,
03,

TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE should
equal 01-20, 98.
RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER LEVEL
should not all equal 00, 99.
POLICE REPORTED ALCOHOL
INVOLVEMENT should equal 1, or
POLICE REPORTED DRUG INVOLVEMENT should equal 1.
NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS should
not equal 0, 3, 6, 9.
at least one RELATED FACTORSCRASH LEVEL should equal 20.
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) should
equal 06.

(D350)

VIOLATIONS CHARGED equals 71,

(D500)

VIOLATIONS CHARGED equals 05,

(D530)

any VIOLATIONS CHARGED equals
36 for a vehicle involved in the first
harmful event,
VIOLATIONS CHARGED equals 66,
any VIOLATIONS CHARGED equals
83,

(D560)
(D570)
(D580)
(D5A0)
(D5B0)
(D5E0)
(U440)

2015

VIOLATIONS CHARGED equals 85,
VIOLATIONS CHARGED equals
21-25, 29,
any VIOLATIONS CHARGED equals
11-13, 18, 19,

BODY TYPE should equal 80-83, 88, 89.
not all occupants of this vehicle should
have RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET
USE equal to 01-05, 08, 10-12, 16, 19.
HM1 should equal 2.
SPEEDING RELATED must equal 2-5.

at least one CONDITION
(IMPAIRMENT) AT TIME OF CRASH
(D23) should equal 09.
any VIOLATIONS CHARGED equals
only that one code and no other must be
00 or 97,
coded for this driver.
UNLIKELY: VIOLATIONS CHARGED equals 97.

559

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560

2015

D22

SPEEDING RELATED
FORMAT: 1 numeric
SAS NAME: Vehicle.Speedrel
ELEMENT VALUES:
0
2
3
4
5
9

No
Yes, Racing
Yes, Exceeded Speed Limit
Yes, Too Fast for Conditions
Yes, Specifics Unknown
Unknown

Definition: This element identifies if the driver's speed was related to the crash as identified
by law enforcement.
Remarks:
If the case materials state that more than one condition was present at the same time, enter
the code with the lowest value. For example, if the driver was charged with “Too Fast for
Conditions” and had a factor recorded for “Exceeded Speed Limit”, you would use code 3
(Yes, Exceeded Speed Limit) because that has a lower value than 4 (Yes, Too Fast for
Conditions).
Speed can be indicated in the case materials by the police issuing a citation for a speed
offense, by their indicating a related or contributing factor, or through a description in the
narrative.
0 (No) is used if the case materials do not indicate any speed related charges (violations,
citations) and do not indicate any speed related factors.
2 (Yes, Racing) is used when two or more motor vehicles are engaged in a speed-related
competition on the trafficway.
3 (Yes, Exceeded Speed Limit) is used when a motor vehicle is traveling above the
posted/statutory speed limit on certain designated roadways and/or by certain types of
vehicles; e.g., for trucks, buses, motorcycles, on bridge, at night, in school zone, etc.). Do not
compare an estimated travel speed to the posted speed limit for determining the correct
attribute for this data element. This attribute would apply in a case where law enforcement
reports actual or estimated speed as unknown and still identifies exceeding the speed limit as
a factor.

2015

561

D22
4 (Yes, Too Fast for Conditions) is used when a vehicle is traveling at a speed that was
unsafe for the road, weather, traffic or other environmental conditions at the time.
5 (Yes, Specifics Unknown) is used when it is known that Speed or Speeding applies but it
cannot be determined which of the more specific attributes apply.
9 (Unknown) is used if the police state that the circumstances of the crash are unknown (i.e.,
it is unknown what factors, if any, may have been present at the time of the crash).
Consistency Checks:
IF
(1HFF)
(D5A0)

562

DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9,
VIOLATIONS CHARGED equals
21-25, 29,

THEN
SPEEDING RELATED must be blank.
SPEEDING RELATED must equal 2-5.

2015

D23/NM14

CONDITION (IMPAIRMENT) AT TIME OF CRASH
FORMAT: 2 numeric. Select all that apply
SAS NAME: Drimpair.DRIMPAIR
ELEMENT VALUES:
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
96
98
99

None/Apparently Normal
Ill, Blackout
Asleep or Fatigued
Walking with a Cane or Crutches, etc.
Paraplegic Or Restricted To Wheelchair
Impaired Due To Previous Injury
Deaf
Blind
Emotional (depressed, angry, disturbed, etc.)
Under the Influence of Alcohol, Drugs or Medication
Physical Impairment – No Details
Other Physical Impairment
Not Reported
Unknown If Impaired

Definition: This element identifies physical impairments to this driver or non-motorist which
may have contributed to the cause of the crash as identified by law enforcement.
Remarks:
Select all that apply.
These impairments can appear anywhere in the case materials--in the narrative section, in the
violations section, in a column entitled “Contributing Factors” or “Driver Action”, etc. Do not
consider pedestrian, non-motorist or witness statements unless verified by the investigating
police officer by being reported in the narrative section of the crash report.
00 (None/Apparently Normal) is used when:
 When the case materials make a positive statement that the individual was apparently
normal or “none” was indicated on the PAR.
 When the case materials do not indicate an impairment in an available field and not
reporting an impairment in that field indicates 00 (None/Apparently Normal).
 When the investigating officer
o is limited in the number of factors that can be displayed
o and cannot select an impairment in addition to another factor relevant to the
crash
o and some other factor is selected
o and no other indication of impairment exists in the case materials.
2015

563

D23/NM14


For omission of information see 98 (Not Reported) guidance below.

01 (Ill, Blackout) is used when indicated in the case materials. Enter this attribute even if the
source of the illness or loss of consciousness is alcohol or drug related. Use this attribute if
the driver or non-motorist had fainted and/or seizures were identified.
02 (Asleep or Fatigued) is used when indicated in the case materials. Also, use this attribute
when the investigating officer indicates the person was drowsy or sleepy. Alcohol or other
drugs may be the source of this impairment.
03 (Walking with a Cane or Crutches, etc.) is used when non-motorist is walking with a
cane, walker, knee scooter, or crutches when indicated in the case materials.
04 (Paraplegic or Restricted to Wheelchair) is used if this person has to use a wheelchair or
is paraplegic (may or may not have used a wheelchair).
05 (Impaired Due to Previous Injury) is used if the case materials specifically indicates this
condition (e.g., if a person is involved in this crash subsequent to his/her involvement in a
previous crash in which the person was injured). This attribute should be extremely rare.
06 (Deaf) is used when this condition is attributed to this person in the case materials.
07 (Blind) is used when this condition is attributed to this person in the case materials.
08 (Emotional [depressed, angry, disturbed, etc.]) is used when the person is arguing with
someone, is having a disagreement, is depressed and/or is emotionally upset.
09 (Under the Influence of Alcohol, Drugs or Medication) is used when the investigating
officer indicates that the individual was under the influence of alcohol, drugs or medication.
This attribute excludes interpretation of test results by the analyst/coder.
10 (Physical Impairment-No Details) is used when the case materials indicate a physical
impairment existed but provides no further details about the impairment.
96 (Other Physical Impairment) is used when the case materials indicate that a physical
impairment was involved but it isn’t a listed attribute.
98 (Not Reported)
If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable,
then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”.
Code 98 (Not Reported) in these two situations:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the information
to code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials)
564

2015

D23/NM14
2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case
materials).
99 (Unknown if Impaired) is used if the investigating officer states that the physical
impairment of this person is unknown. Hit-and-Run drivers are included in this attribute.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(4X2F)
(4X4F)

(6H1P)
(B17P)
(D5B0)
(U530)
(U682)

2015

any CONDITION (IMPAIRMENT) AT
TIME OF CRASH (D23) equals 00 or
98 or 99,
any CONDITION (IMPAIRMENT) AT
TIME OF CRASH (D23) equals 09,

THEN
only that one code and no other must be
coded for this driver.

POLICE REPORTED ALCOHOL
INVOLVEMENT (P16) or POLICE
REPORTED DRUG INVOLVEMENT
(P19) should equal 1 for this person.
DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9,
CONDITION (IMPAIRMENT) AT TIME
OF CRASH (D23) must be blank.
CONDITION (IMPAIRMENT) AT
CRITICAL EVENT: PRECRASH
TIME OF CRASH (D23) equals 09
(EVENT) should not equal 08 for this
for this driver,
driver’s vehicle.
any VIOLATIONS CHARGED equals
at least one CONDITION
11-13, 18, 19,
(IMPAIRMENT) AT TIME OF CRASH
(D23) should equal 09.
UNLIKELY: any CONDITION (IMPAIRMENT) AT TIME OF CRASH (D23) equals
03, 05 or 07.
UNLIKELY: CRITICAL EVENT: PRECRASH (EVENT) equals 08 for this
vehicle and CONDITION (IMPAIRMENT) AT TIME OF CRASH (D23) does not
equal 01 for this vehicle’s driver.

565

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566

2015

D24

RELATED FACTORS – DRIVER LEVEL
FORMAT: 2 numeric occurring 4 times
SAS NAME: Vehicle.DR_SF1, Vehicle.DR_SF2, Vehicle.DR_SF3, Vehicle.DR_SF4
ELEMENT VALUES:
00

None

Physical/Mental Condition:
06
Careless Driving
08
Aggressive Driving / Road Rage
*13
Mentally Challenged
*04
Reaction to or Failure to Take Drugs/Medication
*12
Mother of Dead Fetus/Mother of Infant Born Post Crash
Miscellaneous Factors:
*15
Seat Back Not In Normal Upright Position, Seat Back Reclined
18
Traveling on Prohibited Trafficways
*19
Legally Driving on Suspended or Revoked License
20
Leaving Vehicle Unattended with Engine Running
Leaving Vehicle Unattended in Roadway
21
Overloading or Improper Loading of Vehicle With
Passengers or Cargo
22
Towing or Pushing Improperly
23
Failure to Dim Lights or to Have Lights on When Required
24
Operating Without Required Equipment
*26
Following Improperly
*27
Improper or Erratic Lane Changing
*28
Improper Lane Usage
*29
Intentional Illegal Driving on Road Shoulder, in Ditch, on Sidewalk or on Median
*30
Making Improper Entry To or Exit From Trafficway
*31
Starting or Backing Improperly
32
Opening Closure into Moving Traffic or While Vehicle is in Motion
*33
Passing Where Prohibited by Posted Signs, Pavement Markings or School Bus
Displaying Warning Not to Pass
*34
Passing on Right Side
*35
Passing With Insufficient Distance, or Inadequate Visibility, or Failing to Yield to
Overtaking Vehicle
36
Operating the Vehicle in an Erratic, Reckless or Negligent Manner
16
Police or Law Enforcement Officer
37
Police Pursuing This Driver or Police Officer in Pursuit
*38
Failure to Yield Right-of-Way

2015

567

D24
*39
*40
*41
*42
*45
*47
*48
50
51
*52
*53
54
58
59

Failure to Obey Actual Traffic Signs, Traffic Control Devices or Traffic Officers
Failure to Obey Safety Zone Traffic Laws
Passing Through or Around Barrier
Failure to Observe Warnings or Instructions on Vehicles Displaying Them
Failure to Signal Intentions
Driving Less Than Posted Minimum
Making Right Turn From Left-Turn Lane, Left Turn from Right-Turn Lane
Making Other Improper Turn
Driving Wrong Way on One-Way Trafficway
Driving on Wrong Side of Two-Way Trafficway (Intentional or Unintentional)
Operator Inexperience
Unfamiliar with Roadway
Stopped in Roadway (Vehicle Not Abandoned)
Overcorrecting
Getting Off/Out of a Vehicle

Special Circumstances:
*73
Driver Has Not Complied With Learner’s Permit or Intermediate Driver License
Restrictions (GDL Restrictions)
*74
Driver Has Not Complied With Physical or Other Imposed Restrictions (not
including GDL Restrictions)
*89
Driver has a Driving Record or Driver’s License from More Than One State
91
Non-Traffic Violation Charged (manslaughter, homicide, or other assault offense
committed without malice)
Skidding, Swerving, Sliding Due To:
*77
Severe Crosswind
*78
Wind From Passing Truck
*79
Slippery or Loose Surface
*80
Tire Blowout or Flat
*81
Debris or Objects in Road
*82
Ruts, Holes, Bumps in Road
*83
Live Animals in Road
*84
Vehicle in Road
*85
Phantom Vehicle
*86
Pedestrian, Pedal Cyclist, or Other Non-Motorist
*87
Ice, Snow, Slush, Water, Sand, Dirt, Oil, Wet Leaves on Road
*88
Trailer Fishtailing or Swaying
99

Unknown

* FARS ONLY ATTRIBUTES
Definition: This element identifies factors related to this driver expressed by the investigating
officer.

568

2015

D24
Remarks:
Code information provided by the investigating officer in the narrative, contributing factors/
circumstances field or citations/violations section on the crash report.
This is a nominal list only and does NOT imply a hierarchy. However, if more than four
factors apply to this driver, capture those which cannot be collected elsewhere in the
data.
NOTE: RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER LEVEL SHOULD BE CODED ONLY FOR “INTRANSPORT VEHICLES” (UNIT TYPE “1”).
RELATED FACTORS FOR MOTOR VEHICLE OCCUPANTS OTHER THAN DRIVERS OF
“IN-TRANSPORT" VEHICLES SHOULD BE CODED UNDER RELATED FACTORSPERSON (MV OCCUPANT) LEVEL (INCLUDING ALL OCCUPANTS IN UNIT TYPES “2, 3
AND 4”.)
00 (None) is used when no applicable related factors are noted in the case materials.
Zero-fill all fields. Also, use 00 (None) to complete the remaining fields when you will be
recording less than four driver related factors. DO NOT leave any remaining fields blank.
06 (Careless Driving) is used when the case materials include a factor or note a
violation indicating careless driving.
Examples include:





driving without due care
operating a motor vehicle in a careless manner
failure to give full time and attention
inattentive operation.

08 (Aggressive Driving/Road Rage) is used when the case materials include a factor or
note a violation identifying aggressive driving behavior. The officer must use the term
"Aggressive" in describing this driver's behavior. You may encounter the term "Road Rage"
used to describe aggressive driving behavior. The two terms are not technically
interchangeable but both will be coded here.
*13 (Mentally Challenged) is used when the case materials identify that the driver has a
mental illness or intellectual disorder.
*04 (Reaction to or Failure to Take Drugs/Medication) is used when the case materials
identify that this driver had an allergic reaction to medication/drugs, a reaction to drug
interaction (over the counter and/or prescribed), or if there is information identifying that
the driver failed to take required medication.

2015

569

D24
12 (Mother of Dead Fetus/Mother of Infant Born Post Crash) is used when the case
materials identify that this driver is the mother of a fetus that died in or as a result of this
crash or it is identified that this driver gave birth after the crash whether the child
survives or not. Note that for crash classification purposes, a fetus is considered to be
part of a pregnant woman rather than a separate individual and, thus, is not counted as
a separate occupant in the crash.
*15 (Seat Back Not in Normal Upright Position, Seat Back Reclined) is used when the
case materials identify that this driver’s seat back was not in a normal, safe driving
position prior to the crash.
18 (Traveling on Prohibited Trafficways) is used when the case materials identify this
driver was driving on an open trafficway that prohibited travel for the kind of vehicle they
were operating. For example, driving a moped on an interstate, driving a truck where
prohibited or operating a vehicle with hazardous materials cargo where prohibited. For
trucks or slower vehicles using the left lane when prohibited, use 28 (Improper Lane
Usage).
*19 (Legally Driving on Suspended or Revoked License) is used when the case
materials identify this driver’s license was suspended/revoked but they were legally
driving at the time of the crash. For example, occupational restricted licenses typically
allow drivers to drive to work, school, community service or certain other activities, with
restrictions including the times of day, days of week and areas to which they may drive.
Drivers whose licenses have been suspended or revoked for certain alcohol- or drugrelated offenses can apply for ignition interlock restricted licenses. These licenses
permit them to drive if they use an ignition interlock device, which tests breath for
alcohol consumption, installed in their car.
20 (Leaving Vehicle Unattended with Engine Running. Leaving Vehicle Unattended in
Roadway) is used when the case materials identify this driver took improper actions
where their vehicle was left in a location intentionally and the driver was not present in or in
close proximity to the vehicle.
Examples include:






Leaving the vehicle curbside or in a driveway with a running engine.
Abandoning a non-running vehicle in the middle of traffic.
"Double-parked”
"Parked on a bridge or tunnel"
"Parking within an intersection"

21 (Overloading or Improper Loading of Vehicle with Passengers or Cargo) is used
when the case materials identify this driver improperly loaded the vehicle occupants or
cargo into or on the vehicle.

570

2015

D24
Examples include:








The vehicle had more than 3 passengers in the front seat.
There were persons riding on the exterior of the vehicle.
The vehicle was carrying occupants that were sitting or standing on the rails,
tailgate of a pickup or improperly sitting in the bed of a pickup.
More than one person secured in a belt restraint.
An unsecured or uncovered load violation.
The vehicle's trunk was open with extra large cargo protruding.
The case materials state the vehicle was overweight, over length or illegally or
improperly oversize.

22 (Towing or Pushing Improperly) is used when the case materials identify this driver
was operating the vehicle that was towing another vehicle with an improper connection
(e.g., by rope or cable) or was pushing another vehicle in a dangerous manner (e.g.,
bumper to bumper).
23 (Failure to Dim Lights or to Have Lights on When Required) is used when the case
materials identify this driver failed to use proper headlight beams, failed to reduce high
beams for an approaching vehicle or when following another vehicle or used fog lights when
prohibited.
Examples include:




The vehicle has its headlamps adjusted improperly causing glare.
The vehicle failed to have its headlights on in a tunnel.
A motorcycle not using lights as required.

24 (Operating Without Required Equipment) is used when the case materials identify
this driver was operating the vehicle without a required piece of equipment or with
required equipment being inoperable. For seatbelts, child restraints and motorcycle
helmets do not use this attribute when there is indication that an available restraint was
not used (i.e., PAR Restraint Use box is marked as "Not Used").
Examples include:








2015

Defective or no lamps, brakes, mirrors, muffler, flares, wipers, horn, snow tires, chains,
etc.
A vehicle does not have extended side mirrors when required (e.g. when pulling a
trailer).
A vehicle driving in snow without snow tires when required.
If the seatbelts have been removed from the vehicle.
If there was no child safety seat(s) in the vehicle when required for the occupant(s).
For a motorcycle rider that had no helmet with them when required by law.
If the vehicle failed to have an airbag(s) reinstalled after a prior crash.

571

D24
*26 (Following Improperly) is used when the case materials identify this driver followed
too closely.
Examples include:





Following a fire truck too closely.
Failure to maintain a safe passing distance between trucks.
Following another vehicle in a caravan too closely to allow entry by a merging vehicle.
Following too close, generally. Also code for cases where the case materials
document the vehicle was following too closely for weather conditions.

NOTE: 26 (Following Improperly) denotes “after or before the process of lane change”
while 27 (Improper or Erratic Lane Changing) signifies “in the process.”
*27 (Improper or Erratic Lane Changing) is used when the case materials identify this
driver was making unsafe lane changes or failed to obey a "no lane change" sign or
pavement marking prohibiting lane change. This may also be used in cases where the
officer states the vehicle was weaving in and out of traffic.
*28 (Improper Lane Usage) is used when the case materials identify this driver failed to
properly keep their vehicle in the appropriate lane of travel. This attribute does not
apply to vehicles that run off the roadway or that cross the median. Also do not use
this value for a vehicle that leaves its lane because of a previous impact or at the
direction of a flagman or police officer. For situations where the vehicle is on the wrong
side as a result of a passing maneuver, see 33 (Passing Where Prohibited by Posted
Signs, Pavement Markings or School Bus Displaying Warning Not to Pass). See 51
(Driving on Wrong Side of Two-Way Trafficway [Intentional or Unintentional]) for Driving
on Wrong Side of Road.
Examples include:





A vehicle that “drove left of center” striking an oncoming vehicle (includes both
crossing a painted centerline and failing to maintain the proper side of a 2 lane
roadway with no painted centerline.)
A vehicle that goes straight in a turn lane.
A vehicle that was using more than one lane on its side of a multi-lane highway.
Trucks, buses or slow vehicles failing to keep right for faster moving traffic.

*29 (Intentional Illegal Driving on Road Shoulder, in Ditch, on Sidewalk or on Median) is
used when the case materials identify this driver was intentionally illegally driving in a
location off of the roadway (e.g. shoulder, median, roadside, etc.) This attribute should
not be used when the vehicle enters one of these locations as part of an avoidance
maneuver or as a result of a critical or harmful event. Also do not use this value for a
vehicle that leaves its lane at the direction of a flagman or police officer.

572

2015

D24
*30 (Making Improper Entry to or Exit from Trafficway) is used when the case materials
identify this driver made an improper entry to or exit from the trafficway. For improper
entry of the roadway from a parked or stopped position see 31 (Starting or Backing
Improperly).
Examples include:




Driving onto or from a controlled access highway where prohibited.
A vehicle entering a highway from a roadside location like a front yard, adjacent
pasture or field.
A vehicle entering a highway on an exit ramp or exiting on an entrance ramp.

*31 (Starting or Backing Improperly) is used when the case materials identify this driver
improperly entered the roadway from a parked or stopped position or improperly
backed the vehicle in the roadway.
Examples include:




Making an unsafe start from a parked position.
Backing up on a one-way roadway.
Starting onto a highway from a parked position on the shoulder.

32 (Opening Closure into Moving Traffic or While Vehicle is in Motion) is used when the
case materials identify this driver improperly opened their door into moving traffic. This
would include opening the trunk while the vehicle is in-transport.
*33 (Passing Where Prohibited by Posted Signs, Pavement Markings or School Bus
Displaying Warning Not to Pass) is used when the case materials identify this driver
passed improperly by executing a passing maneuver where prohibited as designated by
traffic controls or rules of the road.
Examples include:




A vehicle passing stopped a school bus.
A vehicle crossing over the solid line to pass another vehicle.
Passing a vehicle stopped to allow a pedestrian movement.

*34 (Passing on Right Side) is used when the case materials identify this driver was
passing on the right side where it was prohibited. Includes passing on the right shoulder,
emergency lane or roadside.
*35 (Passing with Insufficient Distance, or Inadequate Visibility, or Failing to Yield to
Overtaking Vehicle) is used when the case materials identify this driver exercised faulty
judgment when passing or being passed.

2015

573

D24
Examples include:



A vehicle passing uphill or in a curve that limits visibility.
Cutting off the other vehicle while passing or being passed.

36 (Operating the Vehicle in an Erratic, Reckless or Negligent Manner) is used when the
case materials identify this driver was operating the vehicle in an erratic, reckless or
negligent manner. These are circumstances where the driver is engaged in a driving
behavior with willful or wanton disregard for safety. This attribute can be used in
conjunction with other factors but must be explicitly stated on the police record.
Examples include:




Driving erratically
Erratic lane changing
Suddenly changing speed

16 (Police or Law Enforcement Officer) is used when the case materials identify this
driver was a federal, state, or local law enforcement officer working at the time of the crash.
This attribute also includes military and park police, border patrol, and all other sworn law
enforcement officers.
37 (Police Pursuing This Driver or Police Officer in Pursuit) is used when the case
materials identify this driver was fleeing from or attempting to elude the police or this
driver is a police officer engaged in a "pursuit" that is active at the time of crash. For a
case where both the fleeing driver and pursuing officer are in contact vehicles, this
factor is used for both drivers. Identify the officer using factor 16 (Police or Law
Enforcement Officer). Also see Related Factors-Crash Level, for use of 20 (Police Pursuit
Involved)).
Definition of Police Pursuit: A pursuit is an event that is initiated when a law enforcement
officer, operating an authorized emergency vehicle, gives notice to stop (either through the use
of visual or audible emergency signals or a combination of emergency devices) to a motorist
who the officer is attempting to apprehend, and that motorist fails to comply with the signal by
either maintaining his/her speed, increasing speed, or taking other evasive action to elude the
officer’s continued attempts to stop the motorist. A pursuit is terminated when the motorist
stops, or when the attempt to apprehend is discontinued by the officer or at the direction of a
competent authority.
*38 (Failure to Yield Right-of-Way) is used when the case materials identify this driver
failed to yield the right-of-way.
Examples include:


574

Failure to yield to pedestrian in a crosswalk.
Failure to yield at an intersection or merge.
2015

D24



Failure to yield to emergency vehicles.
Failure to yield to streetcar already in intersection.

*39 (Failure to Obey Actual Traffic Signs, Traffic Control Devices or Traffic Officers,
Failure to Obey Safety Zone Traffic Laws) is used when the case materials identify this
driver failed to obey an applicable traffic control device. If a driver stops as required
but then fails to yield, use code 38 (Failure to Yield Right-of-Way) and not 39 (Failure to
Obey Actual Traffic Signs, Traffic Control Devices or Traffic Officers, Failure to Obey
Safety Zone Traffic Laws).
Examples include:








Failure to obey flashing signal.
Violation of “No Turn On Red”.
Failure to obey lane use control signal.
Failure to obey stop signs.
Failure to obey yield sign (use both codes 38 (Failure to Yield Right-of-Way) and 39
(Failure to Obey Actual Traffic Signs, Traffic Control Devices or Traffic Officers,
Failure to Obey Safety Zone Traffic Laws)).
Passing around railroad gates.
When vehicle does not stop when required by a traffic signal.

*40 (Passing Through or Around Barrier) is used when the case materials identify this
driver was driving in a prohibited area (play street, construction, etc.). This would denote
"demarcated" areas. For driving around a railroad gate use 39 (Failure to Obey Actual
Traffic Signs, Traffic Control Devices or Traffic Officers, Failure to Obey Safety Zone
Traffic Laws)
*41 (Failure to Observe Warnings or Instructions on Vehicles Displaying Them) is used
when the case materials identify this driver failed to heed warnings or follow
instructions displayed on other vehicles.
Examples include:





Construction instructions such as arrows directing traffic mounted on a vehicle
Instructions on or warnings by emergency vehicles (ambulances, fire trucks, police cars)
Failure to observe a wide right-turn warning on trucks or buses
Failure to heed hazard lights on a disabled vehicle or a school bus arm

*42 (Failure to Signal Intentions) is used when the case materials identify this driver
failed to signal their intentions. This attribute includes a failure to signal by either lamp
turn signal or hand.
*45 (Driving Less Than Posted Minimum) is used when the case materials identify this
driver was driving too slowly, or so as to impede traffic.

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*47 (Making Right Turn From Left-Turn Lane, Left Turn from Right-Turn Lane) is used
when the case materials identify this driver was making an improper turn from a turn
lane. To distinguish from 27 (Improper or Erratic Lane Changing) and 28 (Improper Lane
Usage), police officer must indicate the driver's intention to turn to use this attribute.
*48 (Making Other Improper Turn) is used when the case materials identify this driver
made a turn that was improper because it was unsafe, poorly executed, or in bad
judgment. This attribute excludes turns that are improper because they are prohibited
(e.g., No Right on Red, turning left in violation of a traffic signal).
Examples include:



a “too wide” right or left turn
an unsafe U-turn (from the shoulder, etc.).

50 (Driving Wrong Way on One-Way Trafficway) is used when the case materials identify
this driver was driving in the wrong direction on a one-way trafficway. If this is a divided
highway, although each side is “one-way,” driving against traffic should be coded as 51
(Driving on Wrong Side of Two-Way Trafficway [Intentional or Unintentional]). If the
vehicle was going the wrong way on an entrance or exit ramp, also use 30 (Making
Improper Entry to or Exit from Trafficway).
51 (Driving on Wrong Side of Tw o-Way Trafficway [Intentional or Unintentional]) is used
when the case materials identify this driver was established in and driving on the wrong
side of the highway. “Unintentional” means they may not be aware they are on the
wrong side. For situations where a driver unintentionally crosses the centerline, see 28
(Improper Lane Usage). For situations where the vehicle is on the wrong side as a
result of a passing maneuver, see 33 (Passing Where Prohibited by Posted Signs,
Pavement Markings or School Bus Displaying Warning Not to Pass).
Examples include:





Driving the wrong way/on the wrong side of a divided trafficway.
Driving on the wrong side of an undivided trafficway.
Driving the wrong way on a Rotary Intersection.
Driving on the left half of approaching bridge or tunnel.

*52 (Operator Inexperience) is used when the case materials identify this driver lacks
experience operating the vehicle they were driving at the time of the crash. Should be
expressed by officer, driver or passenger and not presumed based on age, rental status
or state of residence.

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Examples include:




A new/young recently licensed driver
A driver inexperienced in the operation of a large truck or bus (based on the
judgment of the police officer)
A person driving a rental car where they are unfamiliar with the vehicle

*53 (Unfamiliar with Roadway) is used when the case materials identify this driver is
unfamiliar with the area/location where they were driving when the crash occurred.
Should be expressed by officer, driver or passenger and not presumed based on age,
rental status or state of residence.
Examples include:



A driver from out-of-state unfamiliar with area.
A driver operating on a new stretch of road or section of road altered because of
construction and/or detour.

54 (Stopped in Roadway [Vehicle Not Abandoned]) is used when the case materials
identify this driver stopped their vehicle in the roadway/travel lanes. It is intended to
capture an unusual condition where a vehicle is stopped in the roadway with the driver
present in or in close proximity to the vehicle. It includes both a vehicle in the process of
stopping and “stopped” vehicles. It excludes typical “stopping” situations such as stopping
in/for traffic, waiting to turn, or stopping for a traffic control.
Examples include:




A vehicle disabled in a prior crash,
A vehicle with a flat tire
A vehicle that stops for debris in the roadway, etc.

58 (Overcorrecting) is used when the case materials identify this driver “overcorrected”
based on the judgment of the police officer. This must be stated by the officer in the
narrative or PAR field to be coded. Overcorrecting and Oversteering are technically
different but this attribute may be selected for a PAR reported combination of the two
(e.g. overcorrecting/oversteering).
59 (Getting Off/Out of a Vehicle) is used when the case materials identify this driver was
attempting to exit the vehicle when involved in the crash. It applies for either moving or
non-moving vehicles.
Skidding, Swerving, Sliding Due To:
This set of attributes is applicable to the driver that attempted to avoid one of the
following or whose ability to control the vehicle was affected by one of the following.

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*77 (Severe Crosswind) is used when the case materials identify this driver’s ability to
control the vehicle was affected by severe crosswinds.
*78 (Wind From Passing Truck) is used when the case materials identify this driver’s
ability to control the vehicle was affected by winds produced by a passing truck.
*79 (Slippery or Loose Surface) is used when the case materials identify this driver’s
ability to control the vehicle was affected by the surface composition of the roadway
and/or the condition of that composition. Not to be used when the surface is slippery
due to environment conditions such as rain, ice, or snow (see 87 (Ice, Snow, Slush,
Water, Sand, Dirt, Oil or Wet Leaves on Road).
Examples include:



A slippery surface that is old or worn resulting in loose gravel on the roadway.
Blacktop that is slick as a newly paved surface.

*80 (Tire Blowout or Flat) is used when the case materials identify this driver’s ability to
control the vehicle was affected by a tire blowout or flat.
*81 (Debris or Objects in Road) is used when the case materials identify this driver
attempted to avoid or lost control as a result of debris in the road. Examples would
include: nails, glass, trash cans, tire retread, trash, dead animals, pile of sand, barricades,
etc.
*82 (Ruts, Holes, Bumps in Road) is used when the case materials identify this driver
attempted to avoid or lost control as a result of a road surface anomalies such as ruts,
holes, dips or bumps.
*83 (Live Animals in Road) is used when the case materials identify this driver
attempted to avoid or lost control as a result of a live animal(s) that was in the road.
*84 (Vehicle in Road) is used when the case materials identify this driver attempted to
avoid or lost control as a result of another vehicle in the road. This includes both contact
and non-contact vehicles that remain at the scene.
*85 (Phantom Vehicle) is used when the case materials identify this driver attempted to
avoid or lost control as a result of a non-contact vehicle that left the scene as described by
the police officer.
*86 (Pedestrian, Pedal Cyclist, or Other Non-Motorist) is used when the case materials
identify this driver attempted to avoid or lost control as a result of a pedestrian, a pedal
cyclist (bicyclist) or other type of non-motorist.
*87 (Ice, Snow, Slush, Water, Sand, Dirt, Oil or Wet Leaves on Road) is used when the
case materials identify this driver’s ability to control the vehicle was affected by a

578

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D24
substance on the roadway that caused the roadway to be slick, which may interfere with the
traction of the vehicle. This attribute does not include part of the roadway composition.
For cases involving roadway composition issues, see 79 (Slippery or Loose Surface).
*88 (Trailer Fishtailing or Swaying) is used when the case materials identify this driver’s
ability to control the vehicle was affected by a trailer fishtailing or swaying. This
condition may or may not result in a jackknife.
Special Circumstances (73, 74, 89, 91):
73 (Driver Has Not Complied With Learner’s Permit or Intermediate Driver License
Restrictions [GDL Restrictions]) is used when the case materials identify this driver was
a young driver and was not in compliance with a Learner’s Permit or Intermediate Driver
License restriction under a state’s Graduated Driver’s License (GDL) program.
Examples include:




Nighttime driving restrictions (e.g. midnight until 6:00 am).
Unsupervised driving restrictions (e.g., the driver must have a passenger over the
age of 21 to legally drive the vehicle).
Passenger Restriction (e.g., the driver is only allowed one other passenger in the
vehicle when driving).

This should not be used for restrictions for eyeglasses, lenses, equipment or other physical
restrictions (see 73 (Driver Has Not Complied With Other Imposed Restrictions [not
including GDL Restrictions])).
*74 (Driver Has Not Complied With Physical or Other Imposed Restrictions (not
including GDL Restrictions) is used when the case materials identify this driver did not
comply with physical or other imposed license restrictions.
Examples include:





Driving without corrective lenses when required.
Driving without required equipment (e.g., automatic transmission, adaptive controls,
etc.).
Violating special privileges on a suspended/revoked license for other than permitted
activities (e.g., driving permitted only to and from work). Not to be used for general
“driving on a suspended or revoked license”.
Driving vehicle without “Interlock System” when required.

*89 (Driver has a Driving Record or Driver's License from More than One State) is used
when the case materials identify this driver had any combination of a state or record in
more than one state. This is coded regardless of the status of the license or the driving
privilege of the driver at the time of the crash.

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D24
91 (Non-Traffic Violation Charged [Manslaughter, Homicide or Other Assault Offense
Committed Without Malice]) is used when the case materials identify this driver will
receive "Criminal" charges such as intoxicated assault or vehicular manslaughter. It would
exclude other criminal offenses such as hit-and-run or failure to render aid at the scene
of a crash.
99 (Unknown) is used when the circumstances surrounding the crash are unknown and
reported as “unknown” by the investigating officer. In these circumstances, nine-fill all fields. If
Unknown is used for any field, ALL fields must be 99 (Unknown). DO NOT leave any
remaining fields blank. Also use this attribute for Hit and Run vehicles and drivers when no
factors are identified or reported by the officer for this vehicle or driver.
*FARS ONLY ATTRIBUTES
Consistency Checks:
IF
(1L0P)
(2H0F)
(2L0P)
(3L0P)
(5L0F)
(5L1F)
(6K0P)
(7L0P)
(9L0F)
(A080)

(D470)

580

any RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER
LEVEL equals blanks,
DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9,
any RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER
LEVEL equal 99,
any RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER
LEVEL equals 00,
RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER
LEVEL equals 20,
RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER
LEVEL equals 04, 08, 12, 13, 15, 16,
19, 52, 53, 58, 59, 73, 74, 77-88,
VIOLATION CHARGED equals 71,

THEN
all RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER
LEVEL must equal blanks.
RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER LEVEL
must not equal 04, 08, 12, 13, 15, 16,
19, 52, 53, 58, 59, 73, 74, 77-88.
then all RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER
LEVEL must equal 99.
all remaining RELATED FACTORSDRIVER LEVEL must equal 00.
DRIVER PRESENCE must not equal 1,
9.
DRIVER PRESENCE must not equal 0
or 9.

RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER LEVEL
must not equal 19.
Any RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER LEVEL can be used only once per driver
form.
PERSON TYPE equals 01, and
SEX must equal 2, and AGE must be
RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER
greater than 012.
LEVEL equals 12,
DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, and
one RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 12,
LEVEL should equal 20.
and NUMBER OF VEHICLE FORMS
SUBMITTED equals 002,
any RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER
at least one RELATED FACTORSLEVEL equals 37,
CRASH LEVEL should equal 20.

2015

D24
Consistency Checks (FARS ONLY):
IF
(4L0P)

any RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER
LEVEL equals 39 for this vehicle,
(6L0P) COMPLIANCE WITH LICENSE
RESTRICTIONS equals 1, and
RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER
LEVEL equals 19,
(7I0P) COMPLIANCE WITH LICENSE
RESTRICTIONS equals 1, and
RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER
LEVEL equals 19,
(8I0P) NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS equals
0-4, 9,
(8J2P) RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER
LEVEL equals 73, 74,
(8L0P) LICENSE COMPLIANCE WITH
CLASS OF VEHICLE equals 0-2, 9,
(BL0P) COMPLIANCE WITH CDL
ENDORSEMENTS equals 1,
and any RELATED FACTORSDRIVER LEVEL equals 19,
(D080) VIOLATION CHARGED equals 01-06,
09, 31-69, 81-91, 98,
(D690) NON-CDL LICENSE TYPE equals 2,
7, and COMPLIANCE WITH LICENSE
RESTRICTIONS equals 2,
(D700) NON-CDL LICENSE TYPE equals 1,
and COMPLIANCE WITH LICENSE
RESTRICTIONS equals 2,
(D730) RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER
LEVEL equals 73,
HM1 equals 2, and RELATED
FACTORS-DRIVER LEVEL does not
equal 19,
(V16P) RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER
LEVEL equals 88,
(V100)

2015

THEN
TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE should
not equal 00 for this vehicle.
LICENSE COMPLIANCE WITH CLASS
OF VEHICLE must equal 3.
NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS must
equal 6.
RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER LEVEL
must not equal 19.
COMPLIANCE WITH LICENSE
RESTRICTIONS must equal 2.
RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER LEVEL
must not equal 19.
LICENSE COMPLIANCE WITH CLASS
OF VEHICLE must equal 3.
RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER LEVEL
should not all equal 00, 99.
RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER LEVEL
should equal 73, 74.
RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER LEVEL
should equal 74.
COMPLIANCE WITH LICENSE
RESTRICTIONS should equal 2, and
NON-CDL LICENSE TYPE should equal
2, 7.
COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE
LICENSE STATUS should not equal
01, 02, 05.
VEHICLE TRAILING must not equal 0,
9.

581

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PRECRASH DATA OVERVIEW
Precrash data elements are completed for each of the in-transport vehicles in the case. This
means that the entire crash is first completed from the perspective of one vehicle, then from
the perspective of a second vehicle, if any, and so forth. The precrash data elements are:
Driver Distracted By,
Pre-Event Movement (Prior to Recognition of Critical Event),
Critical Precrash Category,
Critical Precrash Event,
Attempted Avoidance Maneuver,
Pre-Impact Stability,
Pre-Impact Location,
Crash Type
The precrash data elements are designed to identify the following:
what was this vehicle doing just prior to the critical precrash event,
what made this vehicle's situation critical,
what was the avoidance response, if any, to this critical situation, and
what was the movement of the vehicle just prior to impact?
The most important determination that must be made for each in-transport vehicle is: what was
this vehicle's Critical Precrash Event, (i.e., what action by this vehicle, another vehicle, person,
animal, or non-fixed object was critical to this vehicle's crash?). Once the critical event is
determined, the remaining precrash data elements are coded relative to this selected Critical
Precrash Event.
Do not consider culpability as a factor for determining precrash data. Many crash scenarios will
suggest fault, but this is considered coincidental rather than by design.
Critical Crash Envelope
The critical crash envelope begins at the point where:
(1)

the driver recognizes an impending danger (e.g., deer runs into the roadway), or

(2)

the vehicle is in an imminent path of collision with another vehicle, pedestrian,
pedalcyclist, other non-motorist, object, or animal.

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The critical crash envelope ends when:
(1)

(a) the driver has made a successful avoidance maneuver, and
(b) has full steering control, and
(c) the vehicle is tracking; or

(2)

the driver's vehicle impacts another vehicle, pedestrian, pedalcyclist,
other non-motorist, object or animal.

Simple Single Critical Crash Envelope
Most crashes involve only a single critical crash envelope in which the object contacted is
captured under the Critical Precrash Event, (e.g., a vehicle is traveling straight on a roadway
and a deer runs into the roadway and is struck by the vehicle). This scenario, and similar ones,
are very straightforward and will not present many problems.
Complex Single Critical Crash Envelope
However, some single critical crash envelopes are more complex.
Example A: A driver avoids one obstacle and immediately impacts another vehicle, person,
object, or animal. Because immediate is defined as not having an opportunity, or sufficient
time, to take any additional avoidance actions, the Critical Precrash Event is related to the
vehicle, person, object, or animal which the driver successfully avoided instead of the vehicle's
first harmful event (i.e., its impact); see examples 3 and 5 below.
Example B: The driver avoids an obstacle only to (a) lose steering control and/or (b) have the
vehicle stop tracking, and the vehicle subsequently impacts another vehicle, person, object, or
animal. Regardless of whether the driver:
1) attempted to regain steering control
2) caused the vehicle to resume a tracking posture or
3) avoided the impacted vehicle, person, object, or animal,
the Critical Precrash Event is similarly related to the vehicle, person, object or animal which
the driver successfully avoided because the driver's critical crash envelope was never
stabilized.
In both examples above, the Attempted Avoidance Maneuver records the successful action
taken to avoid the Critical Precrash Event.
Vehicles that are not involved in an impact with another vehicle, person, object, or animal in
the sequence of crash events (that define this crash) are not included.
The coding order for a single critical crash envelope is illustrated below.

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Multiple Critical Crash Envelopes
When a case involves multiple critical crash envelopes, select only the final critical crash
envelope. In this situation, encode the element Pre-Event Movement (Prior to Recognition of
Critical Event) as: Successful avoidance maneuver to a previous critical event. The final
critical crash envelope is the one that resulted in this vehicle's first harmful event (i.e., its
impact) as shown in the following illustration.
Typical Order of a Single Critical Crash Envelope

Driver's
Distraction/
Inattention
To Driving

Pre-event
Movement

Critical
Precrash
Category/Event

Attempted
Avoidance
Maneuver

Pre-Impact
Stability

Pre-Impact
Location

Object
Contacted
(Impact)

Typical Order of Multiple Critical Crash Envelopes
End of First Envelope
Beginning of Second Envelope
Prior Critical Crash Envelope

Final Critical Crash Envelope

Successful

Driver's
Distraction/
Inattention To
Driving

Pre-event
Movement

Critical
Precrash
Category

Precrash
Event

Attempted
Avoidance
Maneuver

Do Not Code Using this Envelope

Stability

PreImpact
Stability

PreImpact
Location

Driver's
Distraction/
Inattention To
Driving

Pre-event
Movement
Event

Critical
Precrash
Category/
Event

Attempted
Avoidance

PreImpact
Stability

PreImpact
Location
(Impact)

Code Using this Envelope

When there is doubt as to whether this vehicle had experienced a complex single, or multiple
critical crash envelopes, choose the Critical Precrash Category/Event, to the vehicle, person,
object, or animal which the driver successfully avoided (i.e., default to Complex Single). See
Complex Single Critical Crash Envelope examples A and B above.
The following pages have: a method protocol, a flowchart illustrating the proper method and
protocol for determining the precrash data elements, and seven examples of various crash
event sequences which contain one or more critical crash envelopes.

2015

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Object
Contacted

Method Protocol
Consider the information obtained from the Police Report, and any supplemental documents
as inputs to your decision making process.
1. Determine Critical Precrash Category / Critical Precrash Event.
What action by this vehicle, another vehicle, person, animal, or object was critical to this driver
becoming involved in the crash (i.e., use the “BUT FOR”* test)?
ASK yourself questions (a) through (f) below. Proceed through each question that applies to
the crash you are researching. Stop when the answer to the questions is "Yes". This is the
Critical Precrash Category.
(a) Did the vehicle exhibit a control loss?
(b) Does the evidence suggest that the vehicle was in an environmentally dangerous
position?
(c) Was another vehicle "in" this vehicle's lane?
(d) Was another vehicle entering into this vehicle's lane?
(e) Was a pedestrian, pedalcyclist, or other non-motorist in or approaching this
vehicle's path?
(f) Was an animal in or approaching this vehicle's path or was an object in this
vehicle's path?
2.

Determine Driver Distracted By

Pre-Event Movement (Prior to Recognition of Critical Event).

Determine Attempted Avoidance Maneuver.
What does your information indicate that the driver tried to do to avoid the crash?

Determine Pre-Impact Stability

Determine Pre-Impact Location

* FOR EXAMPLE:
“But for” Vehicle # going left-of-center, this vehicle would not have been involved in this
crash.
“But for” having entered into the intersection, this vehicle would not have been involved in
this crash.

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Precrash Methodology Flowchart
* FOR EXAMPLE :
"But for" Vehicle # going left-of-center, this vehicle would not have been involved in this crash.
Police
Report

Vehicle
Inspection

Scene
Inspection

Interviewee

Determine the Critical Precrash Event

What action by this vehicle, another vehicle, person, animal, or object
was critical to this vehicle's crash - - Use the "BUT FOR TEST"

Was vehicle loss of control critical?

If so, code under subcategory "This Vehicle Loss of Control Due To:"

Was the vehicle's position in the environment critical?
If so, code under subcategory "This Vehicle Traveling"

Was another vehicle "in" this vehicle's lane?

If so, code under subcategory "Other Motor Vehicle In Lane"

Was another vehicle encroaching into this vehicle's lane?

If so, code under subcategory "Other Motor Vehicle Encroaching Into Lane"

Did a pedestrian, pedalcyclist, or other nonmotorist
precipitate the critical event?

If so, code under subcategory "Pedestrian, Pedalcyclist, or Other Nonmotorist"

Did an animal or object precipitate the critical event?
If so, code under subcategory "Animal or Object"

Was the critical event something other than listed, or unknown?
If so, select "Other Critical Precrash Event" and Specify the event or
select Unknown

Once the Critical Precrash Event is determined,
all other precrash variables are related to this event
Determine if there was a Driver's Distraction or Inattention to Driving
(Immediately Prior to Critical Event)

Determine the vehicle's Pre-Event Movement
(Immediately Prior to Critical Event)

Determine the driver's Attempted Avoidance Maneuver
(In response to the Critical Event)

Determine the Pre-Impact Stability of the vehicle
(After any Avoidance Maneuvers were taken)

Determine the Pre-Impact Location of the vehicle
(After the "stability" has been determined and immediately prior to impact)

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Precrash General Rules
1. Attempted Avoidance Maneuver assesses what the driver’s action(s) was during the
critical crash envelope in response to his/her realization of impending danger.
2. The mere presence of a traffic control signal/sign typically does not make the situation
critical when determining Critical Precrash Event.
For example: A single vehicle approaches a stop sign and departs the right side of the
road impacting a tree, in an attempt to avoid passing through the intersection. The sign
has no bearing and therefore, does not make the situation critical.
3. When you know the Critical Precrash Category, but are unable to select a specific
Critical Precrash Event, use the following guideline:
Default to one of the “Other” or “Unknown” attributes within each Critical Precrash Event
category, rather than coding the entire Critical Precrash Category as “Other critical
precrash event”.
4. If control is loss due to driver illness such as heart attacks, diabetic comas, etc., then
Critical Precrash Event should be coded as “Other cause of control loss.”
5. When coding Critical Precrash Category as “This vehicle loss of control”, the loss of
control must have occurred prior to the driver doing any avoidance maneuver. If the
driver attempts a maneuver (i.e., brakes, steers, etc.) as a result of the driver's
perception of a vehicle, object, pedestrian, or non-motorist, then select the vehicle,
object, pedestrian, or non-motorist as the critical event because that is what made the
situation critical. If the vehicle is in a yaw prior to the driver taking an avoidance action,
then loss-of-control is what made it critical (e.g., critical curve scuff, hydroplaning, etc.).
6. When determining Critical Precrash Category/Event if you do not know from available
sources which driver had the right-of-way at a controlled or uncontrolled intersection,
then use the following as a guideline:
a. If the junction is controlled by a 3-way / 4-way stop sign, or is uncontrolled, then use
the common rule that the vehicle on the right has the right-of-way for determining
encroachment.
b. If the junction is controlled by an on-colors traffic control device, and both drivers
claim a green light, then both vehicles are in an environmentally dangerous position,
and Critical Precrash Event for both vehicles should be This Vehicle Traveling
(Critical Precrash category) Crossing over (passing through) intersection (Critical
Precrash Event).

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7. When two vehicles are initially traveling on the same trafficway and one executes a left
turn with the right-of-way (i.e. green arrow), use Other Motor Vehicle Encroaching
Into Lane - From opposite direction-over right lane line for the turning vehicle’s
critical event. This applies to Crash Types 68, 69.
If the vehicles were initially on different trafficways (Crash Types 76, 77 and 82, 83) the
critical event for the vehicle turning left with the right-of-way should be Other Motor
Vehicle Encroaching - From crossing street across path.
8. “Fixed” objects (e.g., trees, poles, fire hydrants, etc.) cannot be in the roadway.
9. A motor vehicle is stopped in a travel lane and is impacted by another motor vehicle
ricocheting off a vehicle. The Critical Precrash Event for the vehicle stuck by the
ricocheting vehicle is in the category of either: Other Motor Vehicle In Lane or Other
Motor Vehicle Encroaching Into Lane.
10. Pre-Impact stability should be indicated as “Tracking” if the following are met:
a. no skid marks are present on the diagram or mentioned in the narrative.
b. the case materials do not indicate skidding AND
c. the vehicle did not rotate 30 degrees or more (either clockwise or
counterclockwise).
Trafficway and its component definitions (i.e., roadway, road, shoulder and median) can be
found in the ANSI D16.1 Manual on the Classification of Motor Vehicle Traffic Accidents.

2015

591

Example 1
Vehicle 2 is northbound and passing through an intersection on a roadway without a traffic
control. The driver of vehicle 1 is dialing on a cellular phone. Vehicle 1 is eastbound on a
crossing roadway with a stop sign but did not see it. Driver of Vehicle 2 was attentive but did
not see Vehicle 1 approaching. Vehicle 1 crashes into the side of vehicle 2. Vehicle 1 braked
(leaving skid marks) just prior to impact, without any steering.
Vehicle 1

Vehicle 2

Driver Distracted By

(Distractions) while
manipulating cellular phone

Looked but did not see

Pre-Event Movement

Going straight

Critical Pre-Crash
(Category)

This Vehicle Traveling

Other motor vehicle encroaching into
lane

Critical Pre-Crash
(Event)

Crossing over (passing
through) intersection

From crossing street, across path

Attempted Avoidance
Maneuver

Braking (lockup)

No avoidance maneuver

Pre-Impact Stability

Skidding longitudinally rotation less than 30 degrees

Tracking

Pre-Impact Location

Stayed in original travel lane

Crash Type

In this example, vehicle 1 has one critical crash envelope (V1CCE) which begins at the point
where driver 1 recognizes that vehicle 1 is in an imminent collision path with vehicle 2. Vehicle
1's critical crash envelope ends at the point of impact with vehicle 2.
Vehicle 2 has one critical crash envelope (V2CCE). Although the driver of vehicle 2 did not
recognize the danger, vehicle 2's critical crash envelope begins at the point where vehicle 2 is
in an imminent path of collision with vehicle 1. Vehicle 2's critical crash envelope ends at the
point of impact with vehicle 1.

592

2015

Example 1 (Diagram)

2015

593

Example 2
Vehicle 1 and vehicle 2 are traveling in opposite directions on the same roadway. The driver of
vehicle 1 was texting on cell phone and crosses over the center line into the travel lane of
vehicle 2. Vehicle 2 attempted to avoid vehicle 1 by steering right onto the shoulder and
accelerating. Vehicle 1 impacted vehicle 2 in the side.
Vehicle 1

Vehicle 2

Driver Distracted By

(Distractions) while
manipulating cellular phone

Not distracted

Pre-Event Movement

Going straight

Critical Pre-Crash
(Category)

This vehicle traveling

Other motor vehicle encroaching
into lane

Critical Pre-Crash
(Event)

Over the lane line on left side of
travel lane

From opposite direction over left
lane line

Attempted Avoidance
Maneuver

No avoidance maneuver

Accelerating and steering right

Pre-Impact Stability

Tracking

Pre-Impact Location

Stayed on roadway, but left
original travel lane

Departed roadway

Crash Type

In this example, vehicle 1 has one critical crash envelope (V1CCE) which begins at the point
where vehicle 1 crosses over the lane line and ends at the point of impact with vehicle 2.
Vehicle 2 has one critical crash envelope (V2CCE) which begins at the point where driver 2
recognizes vehicle 1 encroaching into his/her travel lane. Vehicle 2's critical crash envelope
ends at the point of impact with vehicle 1.

594

2015

Example 3
Vehicle 1 and vehicle 2 are traveling in opposite directions on the same roadway. The driver of
vehicle 1 brakes (without lockup) and steers left to avoid a pedestrian who darted into his/her
travel lane. Vehicle 1 crosses over the center line into the travel path of vehicle 2. The driver of
vehicle 2 was talking with a passenger and not paying close attention to driving and at the last
second attempted to avoid vehicle 1 by braking and steering right off the road. Vehicle 2 skids
and rotates clockwise about 45 degrees before it is impacted in the front by vehicle 1.
Vehicle 1

Vehicle 2

Driver Distracted By

Not distracted

(Distractions) by other
occupant(s)

Pre-Event Movement

Going straight

Critical Pre-Crash (Category)

Pedestrian, Pedacyclist, or
other non-motorist

Other Motor Vehicle
encroaching into lane

Critical Pre-Crash
(Event)

Pedestrian in Road

From opposite direction over
left lane line

Attempted Avoidance
Maneuver

Braking and steering left

Braking and steering right

Pre-Impact Stability

Tracking

Skidding laterally - clockwise
rotation

Pre-Impact Location

Stayed on roadway, but left
original travel lane

Departed Roadway

Crash Type

In this example, vehicle 1 has one critical crash envelope (V1CCE). Vehicle 1's critical crash
envelope involved a successful avoidance of a pedestrian [i.e., Critical Precrash Event equals
Pedestrian in Road] which resulted in an immediate impact to vehicle 2. Therefore, the
pedestrian is coded as the critical precrash event for vehicle 1. Vehicle 1's avoidance
maneuver is for this example, the action taken to avoid the pedestrian.
Vehicle 2 has one critical crash envelope (V2CCE) which begins at the point where driver 2
recognized and reacted to vehicle 1 in his/her travel lane and ends at the point of impact with
vehicle 1.

2015

595

Example 4
Vehicle 1 and vehicle 2 are traveling in the same direction in adjacent lanes on a divided
highway (with a painted median). While the driver of vehicle 1 was using an electric razor, the
vehicle has a blow out, driver 1 loses control, crosses the left lane line and impacts the right
rear of vehicle 2. Vehicle 2 is redirected across the painted median, skidding and rotating
clockwise, and subsequently impacts vehicle 3. Vehicle 3 attempted to avoid vehicle 2 by
steering right and accelerating.
Vehicle 1

Vehicle 2

Driver Distracted By

(Distractions) while using or reaching
for device/object brought into in vehicle

Not Reported

Pre-Event Movement

Going straight

Critical Pre-Crash
(Category)

This vehicle loss control due to:

Other motor vehicle encroaching
into lane

Critical Pre-Crash
(Event)

Blow out/flat tire

From adjacent lane (same
direction) - over right lane line

Attempted Avoidance
Maneuver

No avoidance maneuver

Pre-Impact Stability

Tracking

Pre-Impact Location

Stayed on roadway, but left original
travel lane

Stayed in original travel lane

Crash Type

45
Vehicle 3

Driver Distracted By

Not distracted

Pre-Event Movement

Going straight

Critical Pre-Crash
(Category)

Other motor vehicle encroaching
into lane

Critical Pre-Crash
(Event)

From opposite direction - over left
lane line

Attempted Avoidance
Maneuver

Accelerating and steering right

Pre-Impact Stability

Tracking

Pre-Impact Location

Stayed in original travel lane

Crash Type

596

2015

Example 4 (cont'd)
In this example, vehicle 1 has one critical crash envelope (V1CCE) which begins with control
loss due to the blow out and ends at the point of impact with vehicle 2. The blow out is the
critical precrash event.
Vehicle 2 has two critical crash envelopes (V2CCE1 and V2CCE2). Vehicle 2's first critical
crash envelope (V2CCE1) begins when vehicle 1 enters vehicle 2's travel lane and ends at the
point of impact with vehicle 1. Vehicle 2's second critical crash envelope (V2CCE2) begins
immediately after the first impact and ends at the point of impact with vehicle 3. Use the critical
crash envelope which resulted in vehicle 2's first impact (V2CCE1), because NHTSA is only
interested in coding the critical crash envelope which leads to a vehicle's first harmful event.
For this example, Vehicle 3 has one critical crash envelope (V3CCE) which begins when driver
3 recognizes and reacts to vehicle 2 which is in an imminent path of collision with vehicle 3
and ends at the point of impact with vehicle 2.

2015

597

Example 5
Vehicle 1 and vehicle 2 are traveling in opposite directions on the same roadway. A
noncontact vehicle is parked in front of a noncontact truck-tractor (with a trailer) on the road
shoulder and suddenly enters the roadway into vehicle 1's travel lane. The driver of vehicle 1
instantly brakes (with lockup) and steers left (with counterclockwise rotation) to avoid the
noncontact vehicle. Vehicle 1 crosses over the center line and immediately impacts vehicle 2.
Vehicle 2 had no avoidance maneuvers.
Vehicle 1

Vehicle 2

Driver Distracted By

Not distracted

Not Reported

Pre-Event Movement

Going Straight

Critical Pre-Crash
(Category)

Other motor vehicle encroaching
into lane

Other motor vehicle
encroaching into lane

Critical Pre-Crash
(Event)

From parking lane, median,
shoulder, roadside

From opposite direction over
left lane line

Attempted Avoidance
Maneuver

Braking and steering left

No avoidance actions

Pre-Impact Stability

Skidding laterally - counterclockwise
rotation

Tracking

Pre-Impact Location

Stayed on roadway but left original
travel lane

Stayed in original travel lane

Crash Type

In this example, vehicle 1 has one critical crash envelope (V1CCE). Vehicle 1's critical crash
envelope involved a successful avoidance of a noncontact vehicle and resulted in an
immediate impact to vehicle 2. Vehicle 1's critical crash envelope was initiated by the
noncontact vehicle; afterwards there was no opportunity for subsequent avoidance actions.
Therefore, the encroachment of the noncontact vehicle into vehicle 1's travel lane is coded as
the critical precrash event for vehicle 1. Vehicle 1's avoidance maneuver is coded as the
action taken to avoid the noncontact vehicle.
Vehicle 2 has one critical crash envelope (V2CCE) which begins at the point where vehicle 1
is in an imminent path of collision with vehicle 2 and ends at the point of impact with vehicle 1.
The noncontact vehicle and the noncontact truck were not involved in an impact in the
sequence of crash events and are therefore not coded.

598

2015

Example 5 (Diagram)

2015

599

Example 6
Vehicle 1 is traveling eastbound. A noncontact vehicle (NCV) is westbound and attempts to
turn left in front of Vehicle 1 into an intersecting private driveway. Vehicle 1 braked (without
lockup) and steered left to avoid the noncontact vehicle. The driver of Vehicle 1 successfully
avoided the noncontact vehicle and maintained full control, but crossed into the westbound
lane. Now traveling the wrong way in the westbound lane, Vehicle 1 attempted to steer right
and return to the eastbound lane but struck Vehicle 2 head on. Vehicle 2 attempted to avoid
the crash by braking and steering right.
Vehicle 1

Vehicle 2

Driver Distracted By

Not distracted

Pre-Event Movement

Successful avoidance maneuver to
a previous critical event

Going straight

Critical Pre-Crash
(Category)

Other motor vehicle in lane

Critical Pre-Crash
(Event)

Traveling in opposite direction

Attempted Avoidance
Maneuver

Steering right

Braking and steering right

Pre-Impact Stability

Tracking

Pre-Impact Location

Stayed in original travel lane

Crash Type

Traveling in opposite direction

In this example, Vehicle 1 has two critical crash envelopes, (V1CCE1, and V1CCE2). Vehicle
1’s first critical crash envelope (V1CCE1) ends at the point where the driver of Vehicle 1 made
a successful avoidance maneuver and maintained full control of the vehicle. Vehicle 1’s
second critical crash envelope (V1CCE2) begins immediately following the successful
avoidance maneuver and ends at the point of impact with Vehicle 2. Use the critical crash
envelope which resulted in Vehicle 1’s first impact (V1CCE2).
Vehicle 2 has one critical crash envelope (V2CCE1) which begins at the point where the driver
of Vehicle 2 recognizes Vehicle 1 in his/her lane and ends at the point of impact with Vehicle 1.
The noncontact vehicle was not involved in an impact with another vehicle, person, animal, or
object in the sequence of crash events and is therefore not included.

600

2015

Example 6 (cont'd)
Vehicle 2 has one critical crash envelope (V2CCE) which begins at the point where driver 2
recognizes vehicle 1 in his/her travel lane and ends at the point of impact with vehicle 1. The
noncontact vehicle was not involved in an impact with another vehicle, person, animal, or
object.

2015

601

Example 7
Vehicle 1 and Vehicle 2 are traveling in opposite directions on the same roadway. A police car
(with lights activated) is making a traffic stop on the side of the road. The driver of Vehicle 1 is
looking at the activity on his left. Before he can react, Vehicle 1 crosses the centerline and the
front of vehicle 1 strikes the front of Vehicle 2. The driver of Vehicle 2 also noticed the police
activity, but he was attentive to the slowing traffic ahead. Vehicle 2 attempted to avoid the
crash by braking and steering right.
Vehicle 1

Vehicle 2

Driver Distracted By

Distracted by outside person, object,
or event

Not distracted

Pre-Event Movement

Going straight

Critical Pre-Crash
(Category)

This vehicle traveling

Other motor vehicle encroaching
into lane

Critical Pre-Crash
(Event)

Over the lane line on left side of travel
lane

From opposite direction, over
left lane line.

Attempted Avoidance
Maneuver

No avoidance maneuver

Braking and steering right

Pre-Impact Stability

Tracking

Skidding longitudinally rotation
less than 30 degrees

Pre-Impact Location

Stayed on roadway but left original
travel lane

Stayed in original travel lane

Crash Type

602

2015

PC3

VEHICLE NUMBER – PRECRASH LEVEL
FORMAT: 3 numeric
SAS NAME: Vehicle.Veh_No
ELEMENT VALUES:
001-999
Definition: This element identifies the number assigned to this vehicle in the crash.
Remarks:
Each motor vehicle in a crash must be assigned a unique number by the Analyst. Order is not
important.
Numbers assigned to vehicles must be consecutive, starting with ‘001’ with no missing
numbers.

2015

603

THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

604

2015

PC4

CONTRIBUTING CIRCUMSTANCES,
MOTOR VEHICLE
FORMAT: 2 numeric. Select all the apply.
SAS NAME: Factor.MFACTOR
ELEMENT VALUES:
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
97
98
99

None
Tires
Brake System
Steering
Suspension
Power Train
Exhaust System
Head Lights
Signal Lights
Other Lights
Wipers
Wheels
Mirrors
Windows/Windshield
Body, Doors
Truck Coupling / Trailer Hitch / Safety Chains
Safety Systems
Vehicle Contributing Factors - No Details
Other
Not Reported
Unknown

Definition: This element describes the possible pre-existing motor vehicle defects or
maintenance conditions that may have contributed to the crash.
Remarks:
Rationale: Important for determining the significance of pre-existing problems, including
equipment and operation, in motor vehicles involved in crashes that could be useful in
determining the need for improvements in manufacturing and consumer alerts.
00 (None) is used:
 when the case materials make a positive statement that the vehicle had no defects or
“none” was indicated on the PAR.

2015

605

PC4




when the case materials do not indicate a defect in an available field and not reporting a
defect in that field indicates None.
when the investigating officer is limited in selection and cannot select a defect in
addition to another factor relevant to crash and no other indication of a defect exists in
the case materials.
For omission of information see Not Reported guidance below.

01 (Tires) include any defect of a tire. If the contributing factor is of the wheel (e.g., a lug nut
comes off), then use 11 (Wheels).
02 (Brake System) includes parking brakes.
03 (Steering) is used when the case materials indicate the following may have contributed to
the crash: tie rod ends, kingpins, power steering components and ball joints.
04 (Suspension) is used when the case materials indicate that the vehicle’s suspension
components may have contributed to the crash. These include, springs, shock absorbers,
struts and control arms.
05 (Power Train) is used when the case materials indicate that the vehicles power train
components may have contributed to the crash. Examples are: universal joints, drive shaft
and transmission. This also includes engine, differential and stuck throttles.
06 (Exhaust System) includes exhaust manifold(s), headers, muffler, catalytic converter,
tailpipe, etc.
09 (Other Lights) is used for an indication of the tail lights contributing to the crash. It also
used when the case materials indicated the “lights” of the vehicle contributed to the crash and
when the case materials are coded as “other.”
11 (Wheels) include loss of lug nuts.
13 (Windows/Windshield) is used when there is a pre-existing defect to the windows or
windshield such as improper tinting or cracks.
14 (Body, Doors) includes trunk, hood, tailgate, rear doors of cargo vans, etc.
15 (Truck Coupling/Trailer Hitch/Safety Chains) applies to a defective trailer hitch or an
improper trailer hitch. If the case material cites this attribute.
16 (Safety Systems) is used when the case materials indicate that the air bags failed to
deploy or the air bag deployed inappropriately. Also, use this when a seat belt failure is
described, such as webbing excessively worn or came unlatched. Excludes: improper use.
17 (Vehicle Contributing Factors - No Details) is used if a vehicle “factor” or “defect” is
indicated the case materials but no information is given concerning the nature of the “factor.”

606

2015

PC4
97 (Other) includes any other component described in the case materials that is not listed in
the above attribute list, such as, horns.
98 (Not Reported)
If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable,
then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”.
Code 98 (Not Reported) in these two situations:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the information
to code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials)
2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case
materials).
99 (Unknown) is used only if the case material specifically indicates an “unknown defect” or
“unknown contributing factor.”
Consistency Checks:
IF
(1L4P)

any DRIVER’S VISION OBSCURED
BY equals 09,

(1L5P)

any DRIVER’S VISION OBSCURED
BY equals 10,

(3D70)

CRITICAL EVENT – PRECRASH
(EVENT) equals 01-04,
any CONTRIBUTING
CIRCUMSTANCES, MOTOR
VEHICLE equals 00 or 98 or 99,
any SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals
61,

(3DB0)
(V990)

2015

THEN
at least one CONTRIBUTING
CIRCUMSTANCES, MOTOR VEHICLE
must equal 97.
at least one CONTRIBUTING
CIRCUMSTANCES, MOTOR VEHICLE
must equal 07 or 08 or 09.
CONTRIBUTING CIRCUMSTANCES,
MOTOR VEHICLE must not equal 00.
only that one code and no other must be
coded for this vehicle.
CONTRIBUTING CIRCUMSTANCES,
MOTOR VEHICLE should not equal 00.

607

THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

608

2015

PC5

TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION
FORMAT: 1 numeric
SAS NAME: VEHICLE.VTRAFWAY
ELEMENT VALUES:
0
1
2
3
5
4
6
8
9

Non-Trafficway or Driveway Access
Two-Way, Not Divided
Two-Way, Divided, Unprotected (Painted > 4 Feet) Median
Two-Way, Divided, Positive Median Barrier
Two-Way, Not Divided With a Continuous Left-Turn Lane
One-Way Trafficway
Entrance/Exit Ramp
Not Reported
Unknown

Definition: This element identifies the value indicated in the case materials which best
describes the trafficway flow just prior to this vehicle’s critical precrash event.
Remarks:
Enter the value indicated in the case materials which best describes the trafficway flow just
prior to this vehicle’s critical precrash event. For vehicles departing the trafficway prior to their
critical precrash events, the trafficway selected for classification is the one the vehicle
departed. If this vehicle is in a junction just prior to its critical precrash event, the trafficway
selected for classification is the one it is on before entering the junction.
0 (Non-Trafficway or Driveway Access) is used when this vehicle is entering a trafficway but
was not on a trafficway prior to its critical precrash event or when the vehicle was in a driveway
access prior to its critical precrash event.
A trafficway may include several roadways if it is a physically divided highway. Trafficways are
not physically divided unless the divider is a median, barrier, or other constructed device.
Pavement markings do qualify when they meet the definition of a median. Refer to the
definition of 03 (On Median) under Relation to Trafficway.
A channelized lane should be considered a turn lane of the roadway it is part of, not a separate
one-way roadway. Therefore, crashes occurring in a channelized lane should not be coded as
a separate trafficway.
1 (Two-Way, Not Divided) is used whenever there is no median. Generally, medians are not
designed to legally carry traffic. NOTE: Although gores separate roadways, and traffic islands
(associated with channels) separate travel lanes, neither is involved in the determination of
trafficway division.
2015

609

PC5
5 (Two-Way, Not Divided, With a Continuous Left-Turn Lane) is used whenever the
trafficway has a two-way left turn lane positioned between opposing straight-through travel
lanes. It is designed to allow left turns to driveways, shopping centers, businesses, etc., while
at the same time providing a separation of opposing straight-through travel lanes.
2 (Two-Way, Divided, Unprotected (Painted > 4 Feet) Median) is used whenever the
trafficway is physically divided, however, the division is unprotected [e.g., vegetation, gravel,
paved medians, trees, water, embankments and ravines that separate a trafficway (i.e., all
non-manufactured barriers)]. NOTE: Raised curbed medians DO NOT constitute a positive
barrier in and by themselves. The unprotected medians can be of any width, however, painted
paved flush areas, must be at least 4 feet in width to constitute a median strip.
3 (Two-Way, Divided, Positive Median Barrier) is used whenever the traffic is physically
divided and the division is protected by any concrete, metal, or other type of longitudinal barrier
(i.e., all manufactured barriers). For underpass support structures and bridge rails acting as a
barrier, use this attribute.
Traffic Barrier refers to a physical structure such as a guardrail, a concrete safety barrier or a
rock wall which has the primary function of preventing cross-median travel by deflecting and
redirecting vehicles along the roadway on which they were traveling. Therefore, trees, curbing,
rumble strips and drain depressions are not barriers.
All traffic barriers are constructed on a median strip; therefore, if a traffic barrier exists on a
divided highway, 3 (Two-Way, Divided, Positive Median Barrier) must be used. If it is not
known whether or not a barrier exists, assume one does and use 3 (Two-Way, Divided,
Positive Median Barrier) (that is, if a median is known to exist).
4 (One-Way Trafficway) is used whenever the trafficway is undivided and traffic flows in but
one direction (e.g., one-way streets).
6 (Entrance/Exit Ramp) is an auxiliary or connecting roadway used for entering or exiting
through-traffic lanes of a limited access roadway.
8 (Not Reported)
If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable,
then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”.
Code 8 (Not Reported) in these two situations:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the information
to code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials)
2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case
materials).
610

2015

PC5
9 (Unknown) is used when police indicate unknown.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(250P)

(254P)
(740P)
(A292)

(A300)
(A470)
(A481)
(A482)
(A490)
(A491)
(A492)
(A493)
(A494)
(A495)
(A610)

2015

RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals
01, 02, 04, 06, 07, 16-19, 98, 99, and
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals
03,
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals
01, and RELATION TO JUNCTION
(b) equals 20,
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals
07,
any TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION,
TOTAL LANES IN ROADWAY,
ROADWAY ALIGNMENT, ROADWAY
GRADE, ROADWAY SURFACE
TYPE, or ROADWAY SURFACE
CONDITIONS equals 0, 00,
ROUTE SIGNING equals 1,
WORK ZONE equals 0, and
TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION equals
1-3, 5,
TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION equals
6, and RELATION TO JUNCTION (b)
does not equal 02, 03,
TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION equals
4 or 6,
TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION equals
2, 3, 5,
TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION equals
2 or 3,
TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION equals
2, 3, 5, 6,
TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION equals
2, 3, 5,
TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION equals
6,
TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION equals
0,
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals
01, and RELATION TO JUNCTION
(b) equals 05,

THEN
TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION should
equal 2, 3 for at least one vehicle
involved in the first harmful event.
TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION must
equal 6 for at least one vehicle involved
in the first harmful event.
TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION must
equal 2, 3 for at least one vehicle.
all must equal 0, 00, and SPEED LIMIT
must equal 00 for this vehicle.

TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION should
equal 2, 3, 6 for at least one vehicle.
TOTAL LANES IN ROADWAY should
not equal 1.
TOTAL LANES IN ROADWAY should
equal 1, 2, 8, 9.
TOTAL LANES IN ROADWAY should
not equal 5-7.
ROADWAY SURFACE TYPE should not
equal 4, 5, 7.
TOTAL LANES IN ROADWAY should
not equal 7.
SPEED LIMIT must not equal 00.
SPEED LIMIT should be greater than
15.
ROADWAY GRADE should not equal 3,
4.
the first event in SEQUENCE OF
EVENTS for this vehicle should not
equal 63, 64, 69 or 71.
TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION should
equal 6 for at least one vehicle involved
in the first harmful event.
611

PC5
IF
(A611)

TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION equals
6 for at least one vehicle involved in
the first harmful event,
(A620) CRASH TYPE equals 06-10, and
TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION equals
3,
(A720) LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
SYSTEM (b) equals 01, 02,
(A881) RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals
11,
(AM2P) any SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals
25 or 57,

THEN
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) should
equal 02, 03, 05, 17-20.
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY should
equal 03.
TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION should
equal 2, 3, 6 for at least one vehicle.
TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION should
equal 5 for at least one vehicle.
TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION should
equal 3, 6.

Consistency Check (GES Only):
IF
(A3H0)

612

THEN

INTERSTATE HIGHWAY equals1,
TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION should
and RELATION TO JUNCTION (a)
not equal 4 for at least one vehicle
equals 1, and RELATION TO
involved in the first harmful event.
JUNCTION (b) is not equal to 03 or 05
or 20,

2015

PC6

TOTAL LANES IN ROADWAY
FORMAT: 1 numeric
SAS NAME: Vehicle.VNUM_LAN
ELEMENT VALUES:
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Non-Trafficway or Driveway Access
One lane
Two lanes
Three lanes
Four lanes
Five lanes
Six lanes
Seven or more lanes
Not Reported
Unknown

Definition: This element identifies the value indicated in the case materials which best
describes the number of roadway lanes just prior to this vehicle’s critical precrash event.
Remarks:
For vehicles departing the trafficway prior to their critical precrash events, the trafficway
selected for classification is the one the vehicle departed. If this vehicle is in a junction just
prior to its critical precrash event, the roadway selected for classification is the one it is on
before entering the junction.
A roadway is one part of a divided trafficway or, if undivided, the same as the trafficway.
The number of lanes counted does not include any of which are rendered unusable by
restriction of the right-of-way (e.g., closed due to construction).
If turn bays, acceleration, deceleration, or center 2-way left turn lanes exist and are physically
located within the cross section of the roadway, and these lanes are the most representative of
the driver's environment just prior to the critical precrash event, then they are to be included in
the number of lanes. Because a channelized lane is separated, it should not be included
unless it is preceded by a turn bay or turn lane and this bay or lane is felt to be most
representative of the driver's environment just prior to impact.
Channelized lanes are separated from other through or turn related lanes. (NOTE: The
separation normally will not involve a physical barrier.) If the channel is most representative
of the driver's critical precrash environment, count the number of lanes in the channel
for this element. (See Examples of Channel lanes on the following page.)

2015

613

PC6

Channel with Turn Bay

Channel with No Turn Bay

0 (Non-Trafficway or Driveway Access) is used when this vehicle is entering a trafficway but
was not on a trafficway prior to its critical precrash event or when the vehicle was in a driveway
access prior to its critical precrash event.
If traffic flows in both directions and is undivided, code the total number of lanes in both
directions. If the trafficway is divided into two or more roadways, code only the number of lanes
for the roadway on which this vehicle was traveling. Be aware that the case materials may
indicate the total number of lanes on the divided trafficway.
8 (Not Reported)
If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable,
then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”.
Code 8 (Not Reported) in these two situations:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the information
to code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials)
2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case
materials).
9 (Unknown) is used when police indicate unknown.

614

2015

PC6
Consistency Checks:
IF
(A250)

(A292)

(A310)
(A470)
(A481)
(A482)
(A491)
(A500)
(PC50)

LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
SYSTEM (b) equals 01-03, and
RELATION TO JUNCTION (a) equals
1, and RELATION TO JUNCTION (b)
does not equal 03, 05, 20,
any TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION,
TOTAL LANES IN ROADWAY,
ROADWAY ALIGNMENT, ROADWAY
GRADE, ROADWAY SURFACE
TYPE, or ROADWAY SURFACE
CONDITIONS equals 0, 00,
ROUTE SIGNING equals 1, and
RELATION TO JUNCTION (a) equals
0,
WORK ZONE equals 0, and
TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION equals
1-3, 5,
TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION equals
6, and RELATION TO JUNCTION (b)
does not equal 02, 03,
TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION equals
4 or 6,
TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION equals
2 or 3,
TOTAL LANES IN ROADWAY equals
3-7,
PRE-IMPACT LOCATION equals 2,

THEN
TOTAL LANES IN ROADWAY should
not equal 1 for the vehicles involved in
the first harmful event.
all must equal 0, 00, and SPEED LIMIT
must equal 00 for this vehicle.

TOTAL LANES IN ROADWAY should
not equal 1 for any vehicle.
TOTAL LANES IN ROADWAY should
not equal 1.
TOTAL LANES IN ROADWAY should
equal 1, 2, 8, 9.
TOTAL LANES IN ROADWAY should
not equal 5-7.
TOTAL LANES IN ROADWAY should
not equal 7.
ROADWAY SURFACE TYPE should not
equal 4, 5, 7.
TOTAL LANES IN ROADWAY should
not equal 1.

Consistency Check (GES Only):
IF

THEN

TOTAL LANES IN ROADWAY should
(A3G0) INTERSTATE HIGHWAY equals 1,
not equal 1 for at least one vehicle
and RELATION TO JUNCTION (a)
involved in the first harmful event.
equals 1, and RELATION TO
JUNCTION (b) is not equal to 03 or 05
or 20,

2015

615

THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

616

2015

PC7

SPEED LIMIT
FORMAT: 2 numeric
SAS NAME: Vehicle.VSPD_LIM
ELEMENT VALUES:
00
05-95
98
99

No Statutory Limit/Non-Trafficway or Driveway Access
Actual Speed Limit (in 5 mph increments)
Not Reported
Unknown

Definition: This element identifies the value indicated in the case materials which best
represents the speed limit just prior to this vehicle’s critical precrash event.
Remarks:
For vehicles departing the trafficway prior to their critical precrash events, the trafficway
selected for classification is the one the vehicle departed. If this vehicle is in a junction just
prior to its critical precrash event, the roadway selected for classification is the one it is on
before entering the junction.
Note: Refer to the highway speed limit that is operational at the time and place of the
crash whether physically displayed or not. Try not to confuse advisory signs on
entrance/exit ramps or near intersections with the actual legal maximum speed limit.
Disregard advisory or other speed signs since they do not indicate the legal speed limit.
If a state has a statute that uniformly reduces the maximum allowable speed limit within
or near a construction zone, then code the indicated reduced speed limit, if known.
Acceptable speed limits are in 5 mph increments.
00 (No Statutory Limit/Non-Trafficway or Driveway Access) is used when there is no
posted speed limit and no law that governs the maximum speed you can drive (dirt roads,
private roads open to the public). Also use this attribute in cases when this vehicle is entering
a trafficway but was not on a trafficway prior to its critical precrash event or when the vehicle
was in a driveway access prior to its precrash event.
When coding Speed Limit for roadways with two different speed limits (for north and southbound lanes), use the speed limit for the direction of travel where the critical precrash event
begins.
When a roadway has a different speed limit for different types of vehicles, code the speed limit
that is applicable to passenger cars.

2015

617

PC7
Example:
A rural Interstate highway has a speed limit of 65 MPH for passenger cars, but the same road
has a 55 MPH speed limit for heavy trucks/buses.
Circumstance 1: A single-vehicle (passenger car) crash. Speed Limit = 65 MPH
Circumstance 2: A single-vehicle (heavy truck/bus) crash. Speed Limit = 65 MPH
Circumstance 3: A two-vehicle crash, (passenger car and heavy truck/bus) crash.
Speed Limit = 65 MPH
Logic:
Our statisticians feel that it would be more representative to code the Speed Limit of the
majority of the traffic, namely the passenger car. In addition, they feel that by identifying the
car speed limit of 65 MPH, they can then determine the truck speed limit by reviewing the
state’s speed limit law. (The reverse is not necessarily true.)
98 (Not Reported)
If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable,
then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”.
Code 98 (Not Reported) in these two situations:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the information
to code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials)
2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case
materials).
99 (Unknown) is used when police indicate unknown.
Values less than 15 mph are unlikely occurrences and will raise an error flag.
FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION:
Accurate coding of Speed Limit is extremely important. Do not rely solely on the PAR. Check
with the State Highway Department as well.
When coding Speed Limit on On-Off Ramps (i.e., when the critical precrash event occurs on
the ramp), consider the following:
A. When a ramp has a posted Speed Limit - a regulatory (black on white) sign, not an
advisory (black on yellow) one - the posted speed should be coded.
B. When there is an advisory speed limit or no sign at all, you should:

618

2015

PC7
1. Check with your State Highway Department to see if there is an implicit speed
limit for all unmarked ramps. If there is, code speed limit.
2. If there is not; code the speed limit of the controlled access highway.
Consistency Check:
IF
(1T0P)

(A220)

(A292)

(A320)

(A492)
(A493)
(A521)
(A700)
(A830)

(A900)

(A940)
(A945)
(A950)

2015

THEN

SPEED LIMIT for every vehicle is
LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
greater than 55, and not equal to 98 or SYSTEM (a) should not equal 2 or 6,
99,
and LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
SYSTEM (b) should not equal 06, 07
or 96.
SPEED LIMIT should not equal 05-40 for
LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
any vehicle.
SYSTEM (b) equals 01, 02, and
RELATION TO JUNCTION (a) equals
0,
all must equal 0, 00, and SPEED LIMIT
any TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION,
must equal 00 for this vehicle.
TOTAL LANES IN ROADWAY,
ROADWAY ALIGNMENT, ROADWAY
GRADE, ROADWAY SURFACE
TYPE, or ROADWAY SURFACE
CONDITIONS equals 0, 00,
SPEED LIMIT should not equal 05-40 for
ROUTE SIGNING equals 1, and
RELATION TO JUNCTION (a) equals any vehicle.
0,
TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION equals SPEED LIMIT must not equal 00.
2, 3, 5, 6,
TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION equals SPEED LIMIT should be greater than
2, 3, 5,
15.
any SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals SPEED LIMIT should equal 05-50, 98 or
46,
99 for this vehicle.
SPEED LIMIT is greater than 65 for
ROUTE SIGNING should equal 1-4.
every vehicle,
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 46, SPEED LIMIT should be less than 55 for
the vehicle involved in the first harmful
event.
SPEED LIMIT equals 60, 65 for every LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
vehicle,
SYSTEM (b) should not equal 04-07 or
96.
maximum SPEED LIMIT (not including
STATE NUMBER equals 02, 11, 52,
98 or 99) should equal 55.
maximum SPEED LIMIT (not including
STATE NUMBER equals 15,
98 or 99) should equal 60.
STATE NUMBER equals 09, 10, 25,
maximum SPEED LIMIT (not including
98 or 99) should equal 65.
34, 36, 41, 43, 44, 50, 55,

619

PC7
IF
(A955)

(A960)
(A961)

STATE NUMBER equals 01, 05, 06,
12, 13, 17, 18, 19, 21, 24, 26, 27, 28,
29, 33, 37, 39, 42, 45, 47, 51, 53, 54,
STATE NUMBER equals 04, 08, 16,
20, 22, 23, 31, 35, 38, 40, 48, 49, 56,
STATE NUMBER equals 30, 32, 46,

THEN
maximum SPEED LIMIT (not including
98 or 99) should equal 70.
maximum SPEED LIMIT (not including
98 or 99) should equal 75.
maximum SPEED LIMIT (not including
98 or 99) should equal 80.

Consistency Check (GES Only):

(A3J0)

(A965)
(A970)

(A975)

620

THEN

INTERSTATE HIGHWAY equals 1,
and RELATION TO JUNCTION (a)
equals 1, and RELATION TO
JUNCTION (b) is not equal to 03 or 05
or 20,
PSU equals 06, 13, 16, 17, 24, 27, 28,
29, 45, 50, 52,
PSU equals 03, 07, 09, 10, 11, 12, 14,
15, 18, 19, 21, 22, 23, 25, 30, 32, 33,
35, 36, 37, 38, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 46,
48, 51, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 59, 60,
PSU equals 01, 02, 04, 05, 20, 26, 31,
34, 39, 47, 49, 58,

SPEED LIMIT should not equal 01-40 for
at least one vehicle involved in the first
harmful event.

maximum SPEED LIMIT (not including
98 or 99) should equal 65.
maximum SPEED LIMIT (not including
98 or 99) should equal 70.

maximum SPEED LIMIT (not including
98 or 99) should equal 75.

2015

PC8

ROADWAY ALIGNMENT
FORMAT: 1 numeric
SAS NAME: Vehicle.VALIGN
ELEMENT VALUES:
0
1
2
3
4
8
9

Non-Trafficway or Driveway Access
Straight
Curve-Right
Curve-Left
Curve - Unknown Direction
Not Reported
Unknown

Definition: This element identifies the value indicated in the case materials which best
represents the roadway alignment prior to this vehicle’s critical precrash event.
Remarks:
For vehicles departing the trafficway prior to their critical precrash events, the trafficway
selected for classification is the one the vehicle departed.
This data element is coded in accordance with the precrash protocols outlined in the
PRECRASH DATA OVERVIEW section of the Coding Manual. In the precrash data
elements that record the characteristics of the trafficway, the value coded should be
most representative of the driver's critical precrash environment. For resolving
ambiguities, the PAR information is prioritized as follows:
1. The Narrative is used if it describes roadway alignment prior to the vehicle's
critical precrash event.
2. The Diagram is used if it shows the roadway alignment prior to the vehicle's
critical precrash event.
3. If the roadway alignment prior to the vehicle's critical precrash event is not
described in the Narrative or shown in the Diagram, use the check-box
information.
4. If the check-box does not exist, is not filled out, or is recorded at the crash level
and does not apply to this vehicle's environment, then code 8 (Not Reported).
0 (Non-Trafficway or Driveway Access) is used when this vehicle is entering a trafficway but
was not on a trafficway prior to its critical precrash event or when the vehicle was in a driveway
access prior to its precrash event.
1 (Straight) is selected if the case materials indicate this vehicle’s roadway is straight.

2015

621

PC8
2 (Curve Right) or 3 (Curve Left) is selected if the case materials indicate this vehicle’s
roadway is curved or there is any curvature discernable on the diagram.
4 (Curve - Unknown Direction) is selected if the case materials indicate a curve, but no curve
direction (left/right) is indicated.
8 (Not Reported)
If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable,
then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”.
Code 8 (Not Reported) in these two situations:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the information
to code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials)
2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case
materials).
9 (Unknown) is used when police indicate unknown.
Consistency Check:
IF
(A292)

(A4D0)
(A4D1)

622

any TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION,
TOTAL LANES IN ROADWAY,
ROADWAY ALIGNMENT, ROADWAY
GRADE, ROADWAY SURFACE
TYPE, or ROADWAY SURFACE
CONDITIONS equals 0, 00,
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT(PRIOR TO
RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL
EVENT) equals 14,
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR
TO RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL
EVENT) equals 01,

THEN
all must equal 0, 00, and SPEED LIMIT
must equal 00 for this vehicle.

ROADWAY ALIGNMENT must equal
2-4.
ROADWAY ALIGNMENT should not
equal 2-4.

2015

PC9

ROADWAY GRADE
FORMAT: 1 numeric
SAS NAME: Vehicle.VProfile
ELEMENT VALUES:
0
1
3
5
6
2
4
8
9

Non-Trafficway or Driveway Access
Level
Hillcrest
Uphill
Downhill
Grade, Unknown Slope
Sag (Bottom)
Not Reported
Unknown

Definition: This element identifies the value indicated in the case materials which best
represents the roadway grade prior to this vehicle’s critical precrash event.
Remarks:
For vehicles departing the trafficway prior to their critical precrash events, the trafficway
selected for classification is the one the vehicle departed. If this vehicle is in a junction just
prior to its critical precrash event, the roadway selected for classification is the one it is on
before entering the junction.
0 (Non-Trafficway or Driveway Access) is used when this vehicle is entering a trafficway but
was not on a trafficway prior to its critical precrash event or when the vehicle was in a driveway
access prior to its critical precrash event.
3 (Hillcrest) refers to the area of transition between an uphill and a downhill grade as in the
illustration on the following page.
2 (Grade, Unknown Slope) is used if the case materials indicate a grade, but uphill/downhill is
not indicated.
4 (Sag [Bottom]) is a designed transition feature between a change of grade at the bottom of
a hill. It is not a dip, which is a flaw.
A dip on the road is not the same as a sag . A sag is a design feature whereas a dip is a flaw.
The minimum length of a sag is 100 feet.

2015

623

PC9
8 (Not Reported)
If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable,
then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”.
Code 8 (Not Reported) in these two situations:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the information
to code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials)
2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case
materials).

9 (Unknown) is used when police indicate unknown.
Consistency Check:
IF
(1Z1P)
(A292)

(A494)

624

any SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals
66,
any TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION,
TOTAL LANES IN ROADWAY,
ROADWAY ALIGNMENT, ROADWAY
GRADE, ROADWAY SURFACE
TYPE, or ROADWAY SURFACE
CONDITIONS equals 0, 00,
TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION equals
6,

THEN
ROADWAY GRADE should equal 6 for
this vehicle.
all must equal 0, 00, and SPEED LIMIT
must equal 00 for this vehicle.

ROADWAY GRADE should not equal 3,
4.

2015

PC10

ROADWAY SURFACE TYPE
(FARS Only)

FORMAT: 1 numeric
SAS NAME: Vehicle.VPAVETYP
ELEMENT VALUES:
0
1
2
3
4
5
7
8
9

Non-Trafficway Area or Driveway Access
Concrete
Blacktop, Bituminous, or Asphalt
Brick or Block
Slag, Gravel or Stone
Dirt
Other
Not Reported
Unknown

Definition: This element identifies the value indicated in the case materials which best
represents the roadway surface type prior to this vehicle’s critical precrash event.
Remarks:
For vehicles departing the trafficway prior to their critical precrash events, the trafficway
selected for classification is the one the vehicle departed. If this vehicle is in a junction just
prior to its critical precrash event, the roadway selected for classification is the one it is on
before entering the junction.
Should be obtained from the crash report or the State Highway Department.
If the Police Accident Report (PAR) lists more than one type, choose the type with the lowest
number. For example, if the PAR indicates Dirt/Gravel, then use 4 (Slag, Gravel or Stone).
0 (Non-Trafficway or Driveway Access) is used when this vehicle is entering a trafficway but
was not on a trafficway prior to its critical precrash event or when the vehicle was in a driveway
access prior to its critical precrash event.
If a PAR data element is coded with the attribute “Other” but the officer does not specify
what this refers to:
1. Code 7 (Other) if the PAR attribute choices can be matched to or include all the
attributes in FARS/GES.
2. Code 8 (Not Reported) if the PAR choices cannot be matched to or include all the
attributes in FARS/GES.
2015

625

PC10
8 (Not Reported)
If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable,
then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”.
Code 8 (Not Reported) in these two situations:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the information
to code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials)
2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case
materials).
Consistency Checks:

(A160)
(A170)
(A292)

(A330)
(A490)
(A500)

626

THEN

LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
SYSTEM (b) equals 01-06,
ROADWAY SURFACE TYPE equals
3-5 for every vehicle,
any TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION,
TOTAL LANES IN ROADWAY,
ROADWAY ALIGNMENT, ROADWAY
GRADE, ROADWAY SURFACE
TYPE, or ROADWAY SURFACE
CONDITIONS equals 0, 00,
ROUTE SIGNING equals 1, 2,

ROADWAY SURFACE TYPE should
equal 1, 2, 8 or 9 for at least one vehicle.
LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
SYSTEM (b) should not equal 01-06.
all must equal 0, 00, and SPEED LIMIT
must equal 00 for this vehicle.

TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION equals
2, 3, 5,
TOTAL LANES IN ROADWAY equals
3-7,

ROADWAY SURFACE TYPE should
equal 1, 2, 8 for at least one vehicle.
ROADWAY SURFACE TYPE should not
equal 4, 5, 7.
ROADWAY SURFACE TYPE should not
equal 4, 5, 7.

2015

PC11

ROADWAY SURFACE CONDITIONS
FORMAT: 2 numeric
SAS NAME: Vehicle.VSurCond
ELEMENT VALUES:
00
01
02
03
10
04
06
05
11
07
08
98
99

Non-Trafficway or Driveway Access
Dry
Wet
Snow
Slush
Ice/Frost
Water (Standing, Moving)
Sand
Mud, Dirt, Gravel
Oil
Other
Not Reported
Unknown

Definition: This element identifies the value indicated in the case materials which best
represents the roadway surface condition prior to this vehicle’s critical precrash event.
Remarks:
For vehicles departing the trafficway prior to their critical precrash events, the trafficway
selected for classification is the one the vehicle departed. If this vehicle is in a junction just
prior to its critical precrash event, the roadway selected for classification is the one it is on
before entering the junction. These conditions may have been present but did not necessarily
contribute to the crash.
If more than one surface condition is indicated for this vehicle select the condition that would
have most affected the vehicle’s traction.
00 (Non-Trafficway or Driveway Access) is used when this vehicle is entering a trafficway
but was not on a trafficway prior to its critical precrash event or when the vehicle was in a
driveway access prior to its critical precrash event.
A road made of sand or dirt would be coded 01 (Dry) under normal conditions, not 05 (Sand),
11 (Mud, Dirt, Oil).
02 (Wet) describes a roadway surface that is covered with water from rain or melted snow.

2015

627

PC11
03 (Snow) describes a roadway surface that is covered with snow.
10 (Slush) describes a roadway surface that is covered with melting snow.
04 (Ice/Frost) includes a roadway covered with ice from freezing rain or water runoff that has
pooled on the roadway and turned to ice.
06 (Water [Standing, Moving]) describes a roadway surface that is covered with water and
typically localized.
FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION:
See Related Factors-Crash Level 05 (Surface Under Water) to see if it applies.
05 (Sand) includes sand on the roadway as a result of sand blown by wind or sand discharged
on the roadway by highway trucks.
11 (Mud, Dirt, Gravel) indicates these substances present on the surface of the roadway at
the crash location, not the surface type of the roadway by design.
07 (Oil) includes fuel spilled on the roadway.
08 (Other) is used for roadway surface conditions not described above.
If a PAR data element is coded with the attribute “Other” but the officer does not specify
what this refers to:
3. Code 08 (Other) if the PAR attribute choices can be matched to or include all the
attributes in FARS/GES.
4. Code 98 (Not Reported) if the PAR choices cannot be matched to or include all
the attributes in FARS/GES.
98 (Not Reported)
If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable,
then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”.
Code 98 (Not Reported) in these two situations:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the information
to code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials)
2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case
materials).

628

2015

PC11
99 (Unknown) is used when police indicate unknown.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(1A1P)
(A040)
(A1A0)
(A1C0)
(A510)
(A292)

2015

RELATED FACTORS-CRASH LEVEL
equals 05,
CRASH MONTH equals 05-09,
ROADWAY SURFACE CONDITIONS
equals 01 for a vehicle involved in the
first harmful event,
ROADWAY SURFACE CONDITIONS
equals 01,
any ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS
equals 02-04, 11, 12,
any TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION,
TOTAL LANES IN ROADWAY,
ROADWAY ALIGNMENT, ROADWAY
GRADE, ROADWAY SURFACE
TYPE, or ROADWAY SURFACE
CONDITIONS equals 0, 00,

THEN
ROADWAY SURFACE CONDITIONS
must equal 06 for at least one vehicle.
ROADWAY SURFACE CONDITIONS
should not equal 03, 04, 10.
ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS should
not equal 02-04, 11, 12.
DRIVER’S VISION OBSCURED BY
should not equal 08.
ROADWAY SURFACE CONDITIONS
should not equal 01, 07, 08, 99 for any
vehicle.
all must equal 0, 00, and SPEED LIMIT
must equal 00 for this vehicle.

629

THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

630

2015

PC12

TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE
FORMAT: 2 numeric
SAS NAME: Vehicle.VTrafCon
ELEMENT VALUES:
00

No Controls

01
02
03
07
08
09
04

Traffic Signals
Traffic Control Signal (on colors) without Pedestrian Signal
Traffic Control Signal (on colors) with Pedestrian Signal
Traffic Control Signal (on colors) not known whether or not Pedestrian Signal
Lane Use Control Signal
Other Highway Traffic Signal
Unknown Highway Traffic Signal
Flashing Traffic Control Signal

20
21
28
29
23

Regulatory Signs
Stop Sign
Yield Sign
Other Regulatory Sign
Unknown Regulatory Sign
School Zone Sign/Device

40
65
50
98
97
99

Warning Sign
Railway Crossing Device
Person
Other
Not Reported
Unknown

Definition: This element identifies the attribute indicated in the case materials which best
describes the traffic controls in the vehicle's environment just prior to this vehicle's critical
precrash event.
Remarks:
The roadway used for coding this element is the one this vehicle departed if it is off the
roadway just prior to its critical precrash event. If this vehicle is in a junction just prior to its
critical precrash event, this element is coded based on the roadway this vehicle was on before
entering the junction.

2015

631

PC12
Note regarding traffic calming devices from the MUTCD:
Although some highway design features, such as curbs, median barriers, guardrails, speed
humps or tables, and textured pavement, have a significant impact on traffic operations and
safety, they are not considered to be traffic control devices and provisions regarding their
design and use are generally not included.
Code the attribute indicated in the case materials if it directly matches.
Code this element whether the device was functioning or not. If more than one device is
present, code the highest device (lowest number on list) most related to the crash.
There are two exceptions:
1. One exception is 50 (Person) which includes a law enforcement officer, crossing guard,
flagman, etc. 50 (Person) takes precedence over the entire list.
2. The other exception is a 28 (Regulatory Speed Limit Sign). You may have a 28
(Regulatory Speed Limit Sign) along with another Traffic Control Device (for example,
a Warning Sign for a dangerous condition in which the Warning Sign is more relevant in
the crash). In this case, the 40 (Warning Sign) is more appropriate to code.
00 (No Controls) is used if, at the time of the crash, there was no intent to control (regulate or
warn) vehicle traffic. Use this attribute if statutory controls apply (e.g., state law requires that
when two vehicles meet at an uncontrolled intersection, the one on the right has the right-ofway).
When a traffic control is deactivated (e.g., traffic signal that emits no signals) during certain
times of the day and was deactivated at the time of the crash, code 00 (No Controls). A traffic
control that has just been installed and not yet activated is also coded 00 (No Controls).
However, a traffic control that is out (e.g., due to a power failure) and was reported as such in
the case materials is coded, unless a temporary control (e.g., stop sign, police officer, etc.) has
been inserted, in which case the temporary control should be coded.
01 (Traffic Control Signal [on colors] without Pedestrian Signal) refers to any highway
traffic signal by which traffic is alternatively directed to stop and permitted to proceed, utilizing
the colors of red, yellow and green. This traffic control signal does not have a pedestrian
control signal. The source of actuation is of no concern.
02 (Traffic Control Signal [on colors] with Pedestrian Signal) refers to any highway traffic
signal by which traffic is alternatively directed to stop and permitted to proceed, utilizing the
colors of red, yellow and green. This traffic control signal does have a pedestrian control
signal. The source of actuation is of no concern.
03 (Traffic Control Signal [on colors] not known whether or not Pedestrian Signal) any
highway traffic signal by which traffic is alternatively directed to stop and permitted to proceed,
utilizing the colors of red, yellow and green. It is unknown if this traffic control signal has a
pedestrian control signal. The source of actuation is of no concern.

632

2015

PC12
07 (Lane Use Control Signal) is for permanent lane control electronic devices (i.e., overhead
lights or “X” indicating lane open or closed for rush hour lanes, bridges or at tollbooths).
08 (Other Highway Traffic Signal) should be coded for traffic signals that are not covered in
the preceding attributes. Use this attribute when a School Bus uses flashing lights to control
traffic around the bus, regardless of any additional signs the school bus uses. For example, a
school bus uses flashing lights and a stop sign on an arm to stop traffic around the school bus.
This should only be used if the crash occurred during the time the sign was in effect.
09 (Unknown Highway Traffic Signal) is used with the investigating officer reported that the
highway traffic signal was unknown at the time of crash.
04 (Flashing Traffic Control Signal) usually has a single colored head and flashes. Use this
attribute if it is a Highway Traffic Signal that is flashing. This includes a flashing beacon.
If a flashing red beacon appears with a stop sign, use this attribute.
Guide signs do not constitute traffic controls.
You may have a Regulatory Speed Limit Sign along with another Traffic Control Device (for
example, a Warning Sign for a dangerous condition in which the Warning Sign is more relevant
in the crash). In this case, the Warning Sign is more appropriate to code.
Another set of questions arises from the issue of proximity of the device to the crash.
Judgment must be applied in these situations. Typical signs which create such problems are:





Speed limit signs where a party to the crash may be speeding
“Do Not Pass” signs where a no passing zone extends for miles but is only marked at
the beginning of the zone
Pedestrians Prohibited signs at entrances to freeways but a pedestrian crash occurs on
the freeway between interchanges
And other such signs which may pertain to a significant length of road.

In these instances, if the crash occurs within reasonably close proximity of the sign and the
sign type is relevant to the crash then it may be appropriate to code the sign.
If there is a question as to which type a sign is, consult the Manual of Uniform Traffic Control
Devices (MUTCD). Generally, the appropriate code should be used if a party to the crash
failed to heed the sign, was in a position to be controlled by the sign, or the sign has some
relationship to the crash. For example, for a crash at a four-legged, two-way stop intersection
where a driver fails to stop at the stop sign and collides with another vehicle, use the attribute
20 (Stop Sign). Conversely, at the same intersection, a driver on an approach not controlled
by a stop sign loses control and strikes a utility pole. In this case, 20 (Stop Sign) would not be
appropriate.
Pavement markings are not considered as traffic control devices.

2015

633

PC12
20 (Stop Sign) is a traffic sign used to control vehicular traffic, usually erected at road
junctions, that instructs drivers to stop and then to proceed only if the way ahead is clear.
This attribute does not include Stop Signs at Rail Grade Crossings. Stop Signs at Rail Grade
Crossings are coded 65 (Railway Crossing Device).
21 (Yield Sign) indicates that a vehicle driver must slow down and prepare to stop if
necessary usually while merging into traffic on another road but needn't stop if the way is clear.
This attribute does not include Yield Signs at Rail Grade Crossings. Yield Signs at Rail Grade
Crossings are coded 65 (Railway Crossing Device).
28 (Other Regulatory Sign)
Regulatory signs inform highway users of traffic laws or regulations and indicate the
applicability of legal requirements that would not otherwise be apparent.
Examples of Regulatory Signs other than 20 (Stop Sign) or 21 (Yield Sign) are:





Regulatory Speed Limit signs
(black numbers on a white
background)
Turn Prohibition signs
Do Not Pass
Do Not Enter signs






Wrong-way
One-way signs
Road Closed signs
Hazardous Cargo signs.

29 (Unknown Regulatory Sign) is used with the investigating officer reported that the
regulatory sign was unknown at the time of crash.
23 (School Zone Sign/Device) is used when the first harmful event occurred during the time
the sign was in effect. If the sign was in effect, it does not matter whether or not children were
present. Some 23 (School Zone Signs/Devices) can be flashing, if this is the case, use this
attribute before using 04 (Flashing Traffic Control Signal).
40 (Warning Sign) is used when it is deemed necessary to warn traffic of existing or
potentially hazardous conditions on or adjacent to a highway or street.
Examples of Warning Signs:









634

Work/Construction Zone related signs (Lane Shift, Uneven Surface, Workers Ahead,
etc.)
Changes in Horizontal Alignment signs (Hill, Curve, etc.),
Road Narrows,
Divided Road/Divided Road Ends,
Low Clearance,
Road Surface Condition signs (Bump, Slippery When Wet, etc.),
Traffic Flow signs (Merge, Two-way Traffic, No Passing Zone etc.)
This includes electronic warning signs such as portable signs, (i.e., attached to a
vehicle), or stationary devices.
2015

PC12



Flashing lights on an approaching train.
Advisory Speed signs (often black-on-yellow)

65 (Railway Crossing Device) is used to control or warn vehicular traffic at a railway crossing.
Examples:




Flashing Lights
Wigwags
Bells





Cross Bucks
Stop Signs at Rail Grade Crossing
Yield Signs at Rail Grade Crossings

50 (Person) is someone, (e.g., police officer, crossing guard, flagman or officially designated
person), that is in the act of controlling both vehicular and pedestrian traffic.
98 (Other) includes: any other device, which (a) functions as a traffic control device which is
not listed as an attribute of this data element and (b) is not excluded by the manual and (c) is
related to the crash. Some examples are: barricades, cones, drums and object markers.
If a PAR data element is coded with the attribute “Other” but the officer does not specify
what this refers to:
1. Code 98 (Other) if the PAR attribute choices can be matched to or include all the
attributes in FARS/GES.
2. Code 97 (Not Reported) if the PAR choices cannot be matched to or include all
the attributes in FARS/GES.
97 (Not Reported)
If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable,
then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”.
Code 97 (Not Reported) in these two situations:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the information
to code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials)
2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case
materials).
99 (Unknown) is used if the investigating officer reported that the traffic control device at the
time of crash was not known.

2015

635

PC12
Consistency Checks:
IF
(4L0P)
(520F)

(610P)
(640F)
(641F)
(642F)
(650P)
(660P)
(660Q)
(661P)
(A1B0)
(A210)

(A270)
(A293)

any RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER
LEVEL equals 39 for this vehicle,
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 10,

TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE equals
00,
TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE equals
23 for any vehicle,
RELATED FACTORS-CRASH LEVEL
equals 21,
TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE equals
00 for any vehicle,
TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE equals
65 for any vehicle,
TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE is not
equal to 00,
TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE does
not equal 97,
TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE equals
97,
TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE equals
20-21 for a vehicle involved in the first
harmful event,
LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
SYSTEM (b) equals 01, 02, and
RELATION TO JUNCTION (a) equals
0,
any VIOLATIONS CHARGED equals
31-35, 37,
WORK ZONE equals 1-3, and
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals
02, 03,

(A294)

WORK ZONE equals 1-3, and
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals
01, 04, 05, 08, 17-19,

(A440)

RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals
06,

636

THEN
TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE should
not equal 00 for this vehicle.
TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE must not
equal 01-04, 07-09, 20-50, 98 for the
vehicle involved in the first harmful
event.
DEVICE FUNCTIONING must equal 0.
RELATED FACTORS-CRASH LEVEL
should equal 21.
TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE should
not equal 00 for every vehicle.
RELATED FACTORS-CRASH LEVEL
should not equal 21.
RAIL GRADE CROSSING IDENTIFIER
must not equal 0000000.
DEVICE FUNCTIONING must not equal
0.
it is unlikely that DEVICE
FUNCTIONING equals 8.
DEVICE FUNCTIONING must equal 8.
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) should
not equal 01, 18.
TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE should
not equal 01-04, 07, 20, 23, 40, 50, 65.
TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE should
equal 01-20, 98.
TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE should
equal 01-03, 20, 40, 97 or 98 for the
vehicle(s) involved in the first harmful
event.
TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE should
equal 00, 21, 28, 40, 50, 97 or 98 for the
vehicle(s) involved in the first harmful
event.
TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE should
equal 65 for any vehicle involved in the
first harmful event.

2015

PC12
IF
(A520)

SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals 10,

(A770)

FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 46,

(A780)

FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 46,

(A890)

RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals
01,

(PB06)

PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN equals
730,
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - BICYCLE equals 141,
143, 151-158, 217 or 218,
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - BICYCLE equals 151,
156, 157, 217 or 218,
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - BICYCLE equals 143
or 154,
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - BICYCLE equals 160,

(PB09)
(PB10)
(PB11)
(PB21)

THEN
TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE should
not equal 01-09, 20-29, 40-50, 98.
TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE should
equal 01-04 for the vehicle involved in
the first harmful event.
TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE should
not equal 00 for the vehicle involved in
the first harmful event.
TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE should
not equal 01-03 for any vehicle involved
in the first harmful event.
TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE for the
striking vehicle must equal 01-03.
TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE for the
striking vehicle must not equal 00.
TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE for the
striking vehicle must equal 01-04.
TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE for the
striking vehicle must equal 01-04, 20,
21, 28 or 29.
TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE for the
striking vehicle should equal 00.

Consistency Check (GES Only):

(A930)

2015

THEN

INTERSTATE HIGHWAY equals 1,
and RELATION TO JUNCTION (a)
equals 1, and RELATION TO
JUNCTION (b) is not equal to 03 or 05
or 20,

TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE should
not equal 01-03, 20, 23 or 65 for at least
one vehicle involved in the first harmful
event.

637

THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

638

2015

PC13

DEVICE FUNCTIONING
FORMAT: 1 numeric
SAS NAME: Vehicle.VTCONT_F
ELEMENT VALUES:
0
1
2
3
8
9

No Controls
Device Not Functioning
Device Functioning - Functioning Improperly
Device Functioning Properly
Not Reported
Unknown

Definition: This element identifies the functionality of the traffic control device recorded for
this vehicle in the element Traffic Control Device.
Remarks:
This data element is coded with respect to the control selected in the element Traffic Control
Device.
1 (Device Not Functioning) is used when the device is not functioning at all (e.g., signal out,
sign knocked down).
2 (Device Functioning - Functioning Improperly) is used when the device was functioning
to an extent but not as intended (e.g., red signal lamp burned out, sign twisted or obscured by
vegetation).
3 (Device Functioning Properly) is used when the traffic control device was functioning as
designed at the time of the crash.
As a default rule, if the device is listed as present, code 3 (Device Functioning Properly)
unless specified otherwise. For example, the PAR indicates a stop sign is applicable to a
vehicle at intersection crash and there is no mention of it functioning improperly, it is assumed
the stop sign was functional.
8 (Not Reported)
If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable,
then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”.

2015

639

PC13
Code 8 (Not Reported) in these two situations:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the information
to code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials)
2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case
materials).
9 (Unknown) is used if the investigating officer reported that it was unknown if the traffic
control device was functioning at the time of crash.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(610P)
(660P)
(661P)
(660Q)

640

TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE equals
00,
TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE is not
equal to 00,
TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE equals
97,
TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE does
not equal 97,

THEN
DEVICE FUNCTIONING must equal 0.
DEVICE FUNCTIONING must not equal
0.
DEVICE FUNCTIONING must equal 8.
it is unlikely that DEVICE FUNCTIONING equals 8.

2015

PC14

DRIVER’S VISION OBSCURED BY
FORMAT: 2 numeric. Select all the apply.
SAS NAME: Vision.MVISOBSC
ELEMENT VALUES:
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
13
14
95
97
98
99

No Obstruction Noted
Rain, Snow, Fog, Smoke, Sand, Dust
Reflected Glare, Bright Sunlight, Headlights
Curve, Hill or Other Roadway Design Feature
Building, Billboard, Other Structure
Trees, Crops, Vegetation
In-Transport Motor Vehicle (including load)
Not In-Transport Motor Vehicle (parked/working)
Splash or Spray of Passing Vehicle
Inadequate Defrost or Defog System
Inadequate Vehicle Lighting System
Obstruction Interior to the Vehicle
External Mirrors
Broken or Improperly Cleaned Windshield
Obstructing Angles on Vehicle
No Driver Present / Unknown if Driver Present
Vision Obscured – No Details
Other Visual Obstruction
Unknown

Definition: This data element records impediments to a driver’s visual field that were noted in
the case materials.
Remarks:
These “visual obstructions” can appear anywhere in the case materials. Examples include a
field on the PAR (e.g., “Contributing Factors”), in the narrative section, in the violations section,
or in witness statements.
00 (No Obstruction Noted) is used when the case materials give no indication of a visual
obstruction for this driver.
01 (Rain, Snow, Fog, Smoke, Sand, Dust) is used when one or more of these conditions
exist AND are noted to have obstructed the view of the driver. Do not use this attribute when
only the vehicle windshield is described as “fogged”. (See 09 (Inadequate Defrost or Defog
System) or 13 (Broken or Improperly Cleaned Windshield).)

2015

641

PC14
02 (Reflected Glare, Bright Sunlight, Headlights) is used when one or more of these
conditions are noted to have obstructed the view of the driver.
03 (Curve, Hill or Other Roadway Design Feature) is used when any of these roadway
features or design elements is noted to have obstructed the view of the driver (including
embankment, sag, etc.).
04 (Building, Billboard, Other Structure) is used when any of these man-made structures
are noted to have obstructed the view of the driver (including traffic signs, poles, signals, etc.).
05 (Trees, Crops, Vegetation) is used when any of these natural features are noted to have
obstructed the view of the driver.
06 (In-Transport Motor Vehicle [including load]) is used when a vehicle that is in motion or
stopped on the roadway is noted to have obstructed the view of the driver. The vehicle may be
but does not have to be a contact vehicle in the case.
07 (Not In-Transport Motor Vehicle [parked, working]) is used when a vehicle that is parked
in a designated parking area or space, stopped in an area off the roadway or is a working
motor vehicle is noted to have obstructed the view of the driver. The vehicle may be but does
not have to be a contact vehicle in the case.
08 (Splash or Spray of Passing Vehicle) is used when this condition is noted to have
obstructed the view of the driver. The splash or spray can come from water or mud; however
the use of this attribute does not require it to be raining at the time of the crash.
09 (Inadequate Defrost or Defog System) is used when the presence of frost or fog on the
windshield was noted as being due to an inadequate system. The case materials must state
specifically that the system was not operating properly. If the case material states the
presence of frost or fog alone on the windshield you should use 13 (Broken or Improperly
Cleaned Windshield).
10 (Inadequate Vehicle Lighting System) is used when the case materials indicate this
driver’s vision was impaired because the exterior lighting system (including head-lights, foglights, etc., of the driver's vehicle was deficient in some way. This would include being turned
off or not operating properly. This response should not be used to describe inadequate lighting
systems of other vehicles (e.g., oncoming motor vehicles) or for inadequate highway lighting.
11 (Obstruction Interior to the Vehicle) is used when the case materials indicate this driver’s
vision was impaired because of a feature in the interior of their vehicle (including head
restraint, rear-view mirror, window stickers, sun shades, ornaments, windshield tinting).
12 (External Mirrors) is used when the case materials indicate that an exterior mirror on this
driver’s vehicle created a visual obstruction.
13 (Broken or Improperly Cleaned Windshield) is used when this condition is noted to have
obstructed the view of the driver. The presence of frost or fog on the windshield would apply.
642

2015

PC14
For a “fogged” or “frosted” windshield due to an inadequate or inoperable system see 09
(Inadequate Defrost or Defog System).
14 (Obstructing Angles on Vehicle) is used when the case materials indicate that the size or
shape of a driver’s own vehicle created a visual obstruction (including trailer, vehicle height,
blind spot). Not to be confused with visual obstructions from other vehicles or a vehicle’s
interior components such as head restraints, sun shades, etc.
95 (No Driver Present/Unknown if Driver Present) is used when there is no driver in this
vehicle or when it is unknown if there is a driver present in this vehicle at the time of the crash.
97 (Vision Obscured - No Details) is used when the case materials indicate that a vision
impediment exists but does not clearly indicate the nature of the impediment.
98 (Other Visual Obstruction) is used when the case materials indicate the nature of a vision
impediment that cannot be attributed to one of the other attributes above. For example, an
unattached trailer left on the road shoulder.
99 (Unknown) is used when the case materials specifically indicate unknown. Also use this
response when hit and run drivers are involved, unless the case materials provide specific
information about driver vision obscured.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(1HJF)
(1L2P)
(1L4P)

DRIVER'S VISION OBSCURED BY
equals 95,
any DRIVER’S VISION OBSCURED
BY equals 00 or 95 or 99,
any DRIVER’S VISION OBSCURED
BY equals 09,

(1L5P)

any DRIVER’S VISION OBSCURED
BY equals 10,

(2H1F)

UNIT TYPE equals 1, and DRIVER
PRESENCE equals 0 or 9,
ROADWAY SURFACE CONDITIONS
equals 01,
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING BICYCLIST CRASH TYPE equals
147, 157 or 357,

(A1C0)
(PB31)

2015

THEN
DRIVER PRESENCE must equal 0 or 9.
only that one code and no other must be
coded for this vehicle.
at least one CONTRIBUTING
CIRCUMSTANCES, MOTOR VEHICLE
must equal 97.
at least one CONTRIBUTING
CIRCUMSTANCES, MOTOR VEHICLE
must equal 07 or 08 or 09.
DRIVER’S VISION OBSCURED BY
must equal 95.
DRIVER’S VISION OBSCURED BY
should not equal 08.
at least one DRIVER'S VISION
OBSCURED BY must equal 06 for the
vehicle number identified in this person’s
NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE
STRIKING NON-MOTORIST.

643

PC14
IF
(PB32)

PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING PEDESTRIAN CRASH TYPE equals
742,

(PB33)

PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING BICYCLIST CRASH TYPE equals
156,

644

THEN
at least one DRIVER'S VISION
OBSCURED BY must not equal 00 or 95
for the vehicle number identified in this
person’s NUMBER OF MOTOR
VEHICLE STRIKING NON-MOTORIST.
DRIVER'S VISION OBSCURED BY for
the striking vehicle must not equal 06.

2015

PC15

DRIVER MANEUVERED TO AVOID
FORMAT: 2 numeric. Select all that apply
SAS NAME: Maneuver.MDRMANAV
ELEMENT VALUES:
00
01
02
03
04
05
92
95
98
99

Driver Did Not Maneuver To Avoid
Object
Poor Road Conditions (Puddle, Ice, Pothole, etc.)
Live Animal
Motor Vehicle
Pedestrian, Pedalcyclist or Other Non-Motorist
Phantom/Non-Contact Motor Vehicle
No Driver Present / Unknown if Driver Present
Not Reported
Unknown

Definition: This data element identifies the thing(s) the driver attempted to avoid while the
vehicle was on the road portion of the trafficway, just prior to the first harmful event for this
vehicle.
Remarks:
The “road” by definition includes the roadway and shoulder/parking lane portions, when a
shoulder/parking lane is present. The source for this data is the crash report narrative or
related crash report form fields as completed by the investigating officer. It is the officer’s
assessment. Consequently, do not consider items noted only in driver or witness statement
documentation unless verified by being reported in the crash report narrative.
Code the thing(s) the driver tried to avoid whether the maneuver was successful or not (i.e.,
whether or not the driver was able to avoid the object, poor road condition, animal, vehicle or
non-motorist).
00 (Driver Did Not Maneuver to Avoid) is used when:
 The crash report indicates that no avoidance maneuvers were taken by the driver.
 The avoidance maneuver(s) occurred after the first harmful event for the vehicle.
 The avoidance maneuver occurred when the vehicle was not on a roadway, shoulder or
parking lane.
01 (Object) is used when the driver attempted to avoid a non-fixed object such as; an animal
carcass, an unattached trailer, a bicycle without a rider, downed tree limbs or power lines,
debris from a previous crash, rocks that fall from an adjacent hillside, a load that fell from
another vehicle, debris left from a tire blowout, etc.
2015

645

PC15
02 (Poor Road Conditions [Puddle, Ice, Pothole, etc.]) is used when the driver maneuvered
to avoid the location of a road condition. Treat the condition as if it were an object. Do not use
this attribute if the driver lost control while traveling on/over the road condition but made no
maneuver to avoid it.
03 (Live Animal) is used when the driver attempted to avoid a live animal that is stationary or
moving. A dead animal carcass is considered debris and coded as 01 (Object).
04 (Motor Vehicle) is used when the driver attempted to avoid another contact motor vehicle
in the crash (receives a vehicle form). This includes in-transport, parked or working motor
vehicles. A trailer not connected to a motor vehicle would be considered a 01 (Object).
05 (Pedestrian, Pedalcyclist or Other Non-Motorist) is used when the driver attempts to
avoid a pedestrian, pedalcyclist or other non-motorist. Other Non-motorist would include
persons riding on an animal, or in an animal drawn conveyance or on a personal conveyance.
A person killed in a previous crash or an unoccupied pedalcycle or personal conveyance would
be considered a 01 (Object).
92 (Phantom/Non-Contact Motor Vehicle) is used when the driver attempted to avoid
another motor vehicle in the crash that was reported as a non-contact or phantom vehicle
(does not receive a vehicle form). This includes in-transport, parked or working motor
vehicles. A trailer not connected to a motor vehicle would be considered a 01 (Object).
95 (No Driver Present/Unknown if Driver Present) is used when there is no driver in this
vehicle or when it is unknown if there is a driver present in this vehicle at the time of the crash.
98 (Not Reported)
If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable,
then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”.
Code 98 (Not Reported) in these two situations:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the information
to code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials)
2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case
materials).
99 (Unknown) is used when the information about a particular vehicle’s circumstances are
reported as “unknown”. Examples include a hit-and-run driver that is not apprehended, or a
fatal crash discovered weeks after the crash occurred.

646

2015

PC15
Consistency Checks:
IF
(3BCP)
(9C4P)
(9C5P)
(AZ6P)
(AZ7P)

CRASH TYPE equals 34, 36, 38, 40,
54, 56, 58 or 60,
UNIT TYPE equals 1, and DRIVER
PRESENCE equals 0 or 9,
DRIVER MANEUVERED TO AVOID
equals 95,
any DRIVER MANEUVERED TO
AVOID equals 00,

any DRIVER MANEUVERED TO
AVOID equals 00 or 95 or 98 or 99,
(AZBP) any DRIVER MANEUVERED TO
AVOID equals 03,
(AZCP) any DRIVER MANEUVERED TO
AVOID equals 05,
(AZEP) any DRIVER MANEUVERED TO
AVOID equals 01,
(AZDQ) DRIVER MANEUVERED TO AVOID
equals 04,
(B10P) PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR
TO RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL
EVENT) does not equal 17,
ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE
MANUEVER equals 01,
(V59Q) ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE
MANEUVER equals 99,

2015

THEN
DRIVER MANEUVERED TO AVOID
must not equal 00.
DRIVER MANEUVERED TO AVOID
must only equal 95.
DRIVER PRESENCE must equal 0 or 9.
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT)
must not equal 17.
only that one code and no other must be
coded for this vehicle.
CRITICAL EVENT – PRECRASH
(EVENT) should equal 87-89.
CRITICAL EVENT – PRECRASH
(EVENT) should equal 80-85.
CRITICAL EVENT – PRECRASH
(EVENT) should equal 90-92.
NUMBER OF VEHICLE FORMS
SUBMITTED must be greater than 001.
DRIVER MANEUVERED TO AVOID
should equal 00.

DRIVER MANEUVERED TO AVOID
should equal 00, 98 or 99.

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DRIVER DISTRACTED BY
FORMAT: 2 numeric. Select all the apply.
SAS NAME: Distract.MDRDSTRD
ELEMENT VALUES:
00
01
16
96

Not Distracted
Looked But Did Not See
No Driver Present / Unknown if Driver Present
Not Reported

03
04
05
06
07
09
10
12
13
14
15
17
18
19
92
93
97
98
99

DISTRACTIONS:
By Other Occupant(s)
By a Moving Object in Vehicle
While Talking or Listening to Cellular Phone
While Manipulating Cellular Phone
Adjusting Audio or Climate Controls
While Using Other Component/Controls Integral to Vehicle
While Using or Reaching For Device/Object Brought Into Vehicle
Distracted by Outside Person, Object or Event
Eating or Drinking
Smoking Related
Other Cellular Phone Related
Distraction/Inattention
Distraction/Careless
Careless/Inattentive
Distraction (Distracted), Details Unknown
Inattention (Inattentive), Details Unknown
Lost in Thought / Day Dreaming
Other Distraction
Unknown if Distracted

Definition: This element identifies the attribute(s) which best describe this driver’s attention to
driving prior to the driver’s realization of an impending critical event or just prior to impact if
realization of an impending critical event does not occur. Distraction from the primary task of
driving occurs when drivers divert their attention from the driving task to some other activity.
Also, driving while daydreaming or lost in thought is identified as distracted driving by NHTSA.
Physical conditions/impairments (fatigue, alcohol, medical condition, etc.) or psychological
states (anger, emotional, depressed, etc.) are not identified as distractions by NHTSA.
Analytical Note: The attributes in this element are presented to provide selections that most
unambiguously match what can be encountered in various presentations on state crash report
forms. They are not all considered “distractions” as defined by NHTSA. Data in the public

2015

649

PC16
output files for Driver Distracted By will not be presented exactly as displayed in this element’s
attribute listing.
Remarks:
Record the attribute(s) which best describe this driver’s attention to driving prior to the driver’s
realization of an impending critical event or just prior to impact if realization of an impending
critical event does not occur. If this driver’s vehicle has two critical crash envelopes, record the
attribute(s) which best describe the driver’s attention prior to the first Critical Precrash Event
(i.e., prior to realization of the impending danger which the driver successfully avoided).
Intoxication, Ill, Blackout, Asleep or Fatigued are not considered distractions. This information
is captured under the data element Driver Condition.
Driver Distracted By is a “Select all that apply” element. If the element values 00 (Not
Distracted), 01 (Looked But Did Not See), 16 (No Driver Present), 17 (Distraction/
Inattention), 18 (Distraction/Careless), 19 (Careless/Inattentive), 92 (Distraction
[Distracted], Details Unknown), 93 (Inattention [Inattentive], Details Unknown), 96 (Not
Reported), or 99 (Unknown if Distracted) are selected, then only that one element value may
be used.
Witness Statements:
When coding Driver Distracted By, witness statements, including those from vehicle
passengers or pedestrians, may be used to provide information when police sources are
unavailable. The officer’s assessment on the PAR will take precedent over items reported in a
witness statement document in all cases. The officer’s assessment includes any statements
from a witness included by the officer as part of the PAR narrative. In absence of indication on
the PAR, information that is in direct contradiction in two witness statements will not be
included.
00 (Not Distracted)
 When the case materials indicate that the individual was completely attentive to driving
and 01 (Looked But Did Not See) does not apply.
 When the case materials do not indicate a distraction in an available field and not
reporting a distraction in that field indicates 00 (Not Distracted).
 When the investigating officer is limited in selection and cannot select a distraction in
addition to another factor relevant to crash and no other indication of distraction exists in
the case materials.
 For omission of information see 96 (Not Reported) guidance below.
01 (Looked But Did Not See) is used when the driver is paying attention to driving (not
distracted), but does not see the relevant vehicle, object, etc. This attribute should be used
when a driver has an opportunity to take some action prior to impact, but the driver takes no
action and no distractions apply. This situation frequently occurs when an overtaking vehicle is
in the driver’s “blind spot” or at intersections when a crossing vehicle is not noticed. If the

650

2015

PC16
driver sees the vehicle, object, etc., but does not consider it a danger, and no distractions
apply then the 00 (Not Distracted) would be used.
16 (No Driver Present/Unknown if Driver Present) is used when there is no driver in this
vehicle or when it is unknown if there is a driver present in this vehicle at the time of the crash.
96 (Not Reported)
If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable,
then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”.
Code 96 (Not Reported) in these two situations:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the information
to code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials)
2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case
materials).
DISTRACTIONS:
03 (By Other Occupant[s]) is used when the driver was distracted by another occupant in this
driver’s vehicle prior to realization of impending danger. Examples of other occupant
distraction include conversing with or looking at another occupant e.g., baby/child in back seat,
rowdy teenager, argumentative spouse, etc.
04 (By a Moving Object in Vehicle) is used when the driver was distracted by a moving
object in this driver’s vehicle prior to realization of impending danger. Examples include a
dropped object, a moving pet, insect or cargo.
05 (While Talking or Listening to Cellular Phone) is used when the driver is talking or
listening on a cellular phone. This attribute includes talking or listening on a “hands-free” or
Bluetooth enabled phone.
06 (While Manipulating Cellular Phone) is used when the driver is dialing or text messaging
(texting) on a cellular phone. Any manual button/control actuation on the phone qualifies. This
includes dialing or text messaging on any wireless e-mail device.
07 (Adjusting Audio or Climate Controls) is used when someone is distracted from the
driving task while adjusting the air conditioner, heater, radio, cassette, using the radio, using
the cassette or CD that are mounted in the vehicle.
09 (While Using Other Component//Controls Integral to Vehicle) is used when the driver is
distracted while manipulating a control in the vehicle including adjusting headlamps or interior

2015

651

PC16
lights, controlling windows (power or manual) manipulating door locks (power or manual),
adjusting side view mirrors (power or manual), adjusting rear view mirror, adjusting seat
(power or manual), adjusting steering wheel and adjusting seat belt, on-board navigational
devices, etc. (original equipment).
10 (While Using or Reaching For Device/Object Brought Into Vehicle) is used when the
driver is distracted while using or reaching for a device in the vehicle including a radar
detector, CDs, razors, music portable CD player, headphones, a navigational device, laptop or
tablet PC, etc. This attribute is also used when it can not be determined if the involved device
was OEM, brought into the vehicle, or a function of a cell phone (i.e. GPS).
If it is unknown if the device or object was brought into the vehicle or was original equipment
on this vehicle default to brought into vehicle and use attribute 10 (While Using or Reaching
for Device/Object Brought Into Vehicle).
12 (Distracted By Outside Person, Object or Event) is used when the driver was distracted
by an outside person, object or event prior to realization of impending danger. Examples
include animals on the roadside, a previous crash or non-traffic related signs e.g.,
advertisements, electronic billboards, etc. Do not use this attribute for a person, object or event
that the driver has recognized and for which the driver has taken some action (e.g., avoiding a
pedestrian on the roadway).
13 (Eating or Drinking) is used when the driver is eating or drinking or involved in an activity
related to these actions (e.g., picking food from carton placed on passenger seat, reaching to
throw out used food wrapper, etc.)
14 (Smoking Related) is used when the driver is smoking or involved in an activity related to
smoking, such as lighting his cigarette, putting his ashes in the ash tray, etc. Any method of
lighting the cigarette would be coded 14 (Smoking Related).
15 (Other Cellular Phone Related) is used when the case material indicates the driver is
distracted from the driving task due to cellular phone involvement, but none of the specified
codes are applicable (e.g., reaching for cellular phone, etc.). This attribute is also applied
when specific details regarding cellular phone distraction / usage are not provided.
17 (Distraction/Inattention) is used exclusively when “Distraction/Inattention” or
“Inattention/Distraction” are noted in the case materials as one combined attribute and it
cannot be determined which Driver Distracted By attribute is intended, 92 (Distraction
[Distracted], Details Unknown) or 93 (Inattention [Inattentive], Details Unknown).
18 (Distraction/Careless) is used exclusively when “Distraction/Careless” or
“Careless/Distraction” are noted in the case materials as one combined attribute and it cannot
be determined which Driver Distracted By attribute applies.

652

2015

PC16
19 (Careless/Inattentive) is used exclusively when “Careless/Inattentive” or “Inattentive/
Careless” are noted in the case materials as one combined attribute and it cannot be
determined which Driver Distracted By attribute applies.
92 (Distraction [Distracted], Details Unknown) is used when “distraction” or “distracted” are
noted in the case materials, but specific distraction(s) cannot be identified. For non-specific
“inattention” see attribute 93 (Inattention [Inattentive], Details Unknown).
93 (Inattention [Inattentive], Details Unknown) is used when “inattention” or “inattentive” are
noted in the case materials, but it cannot be identified if this refers to a distraction(s).
97 (Lost in Thought / Day Dreaming) is used when the driver is not completely attentive to
driving because he/she is thinking about items other than the driving task. For non-specific
“distraction” see element value 92 (Distraction [Distracted], Details Unknown). For nonspecific “inattention” see element value 93 (Inattention [Inattentive], Details Unknown).
98 (Other Distraction) is used when details regarding this driver’s distraction are known but
none of the specified codes are applicable.
99 (Unknown if Distracted) is used when the case materials specifically indicates unknown.
Also use this response when hit-and-run drivers are involved, unless the case material
provides information about driver distraction/inattention.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(BJ1P)
(BJ2P)
(BJ3P)
(BJ4P)
(BJ7P)

2015

THEN

UNIT TYPE equals 1, and DRIVER
PRESENCE equals 0 or 9,
UNIT TYPE equals 1, and DRIVER
PRESENCE equals 1,
UNIT TYPE equals 1, and DRIVER
DISTRACTED BY equals 16,

DRIVER DISTRACTED BY must equal
16.
DRIVER DISTRACTED BY must not
equal 16 or blank.
DRIVER PRESENCE must equal 0 or 9.

any DRIVER DISTRACTED BY
equals 03,
any DRIVER DISTRACTED BY
equals 00 or 01 or 16 or 17 or 18 or
19 or 92 or 93 or 96 or 99,

NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must be
greater than 01.
only that one code and no other must be
used.

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PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO RECOGNITION
OF CRITICAL EVENT)
FORMAT: 2 numeric
SAS NAME: Vehicle.P_Crash1
ELEMENT VALUES:
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
98
99

No Driver Present/Unknown if Driver Present
Going Straight
Decelerating In Road
Accelerating In Road
Starting In Road
Stopped In Roadway
Passing Or Overtaking Another Vehicle
Disabled Or “Parked” In Travel Lane
Leaving A Parking Position
Entering A Parking Position
Turning Right
Turning Left
Making A U-Turn
Backing Up (Other Than For Parking Position)
Negotiating A Curve
Changing Lanes
Merging
Successful Avoidance Maneuver To A Previous Critical Event
Other (Specify:)
Unknown

Definition: This element identifies the attribute that best describes this vehicle's activity prior
to the driver's realization of an impending critical event or just prior to impact if the driver took
no action or had no time to attempt any evasive maneuvers.
Remarks:
Record the attribute that best describes this vehicle's activity prior to the driver's realization of
an impending critical event or just prior to impact if the driver took no action or had no time to
attempt any evasive maneuvers.
Actions taken by the driver, of this vehicle, after realization of an impending danger are
captured in Attempted Avoidance Maneuver.
00 (No Driver Present/Unknown if Driver Present) is pre-coded for in-transport motor
vehicles when the element Driver Presence is coded as 0 (No Driver Present/Not
Applicable).
2015

655

PC17
01 (Going Straight) is used when this vehicle's path of travel was straight ahead without any
attempted or intended changes. The coding of this attribute is not always dependent on the
roadway alignment.
02 (Decelerating In Road) is used when this vehicle was traveling straight ahead within the
road portion of the trafficway and was decelerating.
03 (Accelerating In Road) is used when this vehicle was traveling straight ahead within the
road portion of the trafficway and was accelerating. 03 (Accelerating in Road) must be
explicitly stated by officer.
04 (Starting In Road) is used when this vehicle was in the process of starting forward from a
stopped position within the road portion of the trafficway (e.g., start up from traffic signal).
05 (Stopped In Roadway) is used when this vehicle was stopped momentarily, with the motor
running within the roadway portion of the trafficway (e.g., stopped for traffic signal).
06 (Passing Or Overtaking Another Vehicle) is used when this vehicle was traveling straight
ahead and was in the process of passing or overtaking another vehicle on the left or right.
Note: This attribute is not used in rear-end collisions. (See Table under PC19 - Precrash
Event Scenarios for Different Rear-End Situations.)
07 (Disabled Or “Parked” In Travel Lane) is used when this vehicle was “parked” in a travel
lane (e.g., double parked, disabled) with a driver present in the vehicle.
08 (Leaving A Parking Position) is used when this vehicle was entering the travel lane from
a parking area adjacent to the traffic lanes. This attribute includes vehicles that were
previously stopped/parked on the shoulder, roadside, median, etc. For vehicles backing
from a driveway use attribute 13 (Backing Up [Other Than For Parking Position]).
09 (Entering A Parking Position) is used when this vehicle was leaving the travel lane to a
parking area adjacent to the traffic lanes (i.e., in the process of parking). This attribute includes
vehicles that are stopping/parking on the shoulder, roadside, median, etc. For vehicle
backing into a driveway use 13 (Backing Up [Other Than For Parking Position]).
10 (Turning Right) is used when this vehicle was moving forward and turned right, changing
lanes from one roadway to a different roadway (e.g., from or to a driveway, parking lot or
intersection). Excludes situations where the vehicle was leaving a parking position.
11 (Turning Left) is used when this vehicle was moving forward and turned left, changing
lanes from one roadway to a different roadway (e.g., from or to a driveway, parking lot or
intersection). Excludes situations where the vehicle was leaving a parking position.
12 (Making a U-Turn) is used when this vehicle was moving forward making a U-turn on the
trafficway. Excludes situations where the vehicle was leaving a parking position.
13 (Backing Up [Other Than For Parking Position]) is used when this vehicle was traveling
backwards within the trafficway. Do not use this attribute if the vehicle was backing into or out
656

2015

PC17
of a parking space. (See 09 (Entering a Parking Position) or 08 (Leaving A Parking
Position) respectively.) Vehicles backing into or from a driveway are included in this
attribute.
14 (Negotiating A Curve) is used when this vehicle was continuing along a road that curved
to the right or left.
15 (Changing Lanes) is used when this vehicle was traveling straight ahead and changed
travel lanes to the right or left while on the same roadway
16 (Merging) is used when this vehicle was moving forward and merging from the left or right
into a traffic lane (e.g., roadway narrows, exit/entrance ramps).
17 (Successful Avoidance Maneuver To A Previous Critical Event) is used when this
vehicle responded to a previous critical event and successfully avoided an impact. However,
this maneuver precipitated a subsequent critical crash envelope, which resulted in this
vehicle’s first impact.
98 (Other [Specify:]) is used when this vehicle's pre-event movement is known but none of
the specified attributes are applicable. The movement must be specified in the “specify box”.
*Note: for attributes with a “Specify:” designation, a fill-in text box will open in MDE.
This text box should be used to provide additional detail about the attribute selection.
Please include a specific reason for this selection.
99 (Unknown) is used when the vehicle’s movement prior to the driver’s realization of an
impending critical event is unknown.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(3B4P)

PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR
TO RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL
EVENT) equals 10,
(3B5P) PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR
TO RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL
EVENT) equals 11,
(3BDP) CRASH TYPE equals 46, 47, and
ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE
MANEUVER equals 01 or 99,
(3BFP) PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR
TO RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL
EVENT) equals 08 or 09,
(3BGP) PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR
TO RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL
EVENT) equals 00,
2015

THEN
CRASH TYPE must not equal 44-69,
71-73, 76, 77, 79, 81-83, 86-92.
CRASH TYPE must not equal 44-67,
69-71, 73, 77-81, 83, 86-92.
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
RECONITION OF CRITICAL EVENT)
must not equal 01.
CRASH TYPE must not equal 46 or 47.
DRIVER PRESENCE must equal 0 or 9.

657

PC17
IF

THEN
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT)
should equal 11 or 98.
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT)
should equal 10 or 98.
this vehicle’s PRE-EVENT (MOVEMENT PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF
CRITICAL EVENT) should equal 02.
CRASH TYPE should equal 98.

(3C00)

CRASH TYPE equals 68, 72, 76 or
82,

(3C10)

CRASH TYPE equals 70, 78 or 80,

(3C20)

(3C40)

this vehicle is involved in the First
Harmful Event and its CRASH TYPE
equals 29-31,
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR
TO RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL
EVENT) equals 12,
CRASH TYPE equals 46,

(3C50)

CRASH TYPE equals 92,

(3C60)

CRASH TYPE equals 25-27, 29-31,

(3C70)
(3C80)

PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR
TO RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL
EVENT) equals 13,
CRASH TYPE equals 47,

(3D60)

CRASH TYPE equals 46 or 47,

(9BAP)

MANNER OF COLLISION equals 07,
and PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT
(PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF
CRITICAL EVENT) equals 10 or 11
for neither one of the vehicles involved
in the first harmful event,
MANNER OF COLLISION equals 08, CRASH TYPE should equal 64-67, 98,
99 for the vehicles involved in the first
and PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT
harmful event.
(PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF
CRITICAL EVENT) equals 10 or 11
for neither one of the vehicles involved
in the first harmful event,

(3C30)

(9BCP)

658

PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT)
should equal 06, 15, 16, or
ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE
MANEUVER should equal 07, 09 or 12.
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT)
should equal 08, 09, 13, 98, 99.
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT)
should not equal 05 or 07.
CRASH TYPE should equal 92 or 98.
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT)
should equal 06, 15, 16, or
ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE
MANEUVER should equal 06, 08 or 11.
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT)
should not equal 01.
CRASH TYPE should equal 44-49,
98, 99 for the vehicles involved in the
first harmful event.

2015

PC17
IF
(A430)

(A4C0)

(A4D0)
(A4D1)
(A61F)

(AZ20)
(AZ30)
(AZ50)
(AZ60)

PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR
TO RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL
EVENT) equals 10, 11 for a vehicle
involved in the first harmful event,
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals
04,

PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT(PRIOR TO
RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL
EVENT) equals 14,
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR
TO RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL
EVENT) equals 01,
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
08, 09, 11, 15, 49, and RELATION TO
TRAFFICWAY equals 01, 02, 07, 11,
and PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT
(PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF
CRITICAL EVENT) is not equal to 00,
13 for the vehicle involved in the first
harmful event,
UNIT TYPE equals 1, and DRIVER
PRESENCE equals 0 or 9,
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR
TO RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL
EVENT) equals 00,
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR
TO RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL
EVENT) equals 00,
PRE-IMPACT STABILITY equals 0,

(AZ6P)

any DRIVER MANEUVERED TO
AVOID equals 00,

(AZ70)

PRE-IMPACT LOCATION equals 0,

(AZ80)

PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR
TO RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL
EVENT) equals 00,

2015

THEN
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) should
not equal 01, 18.
at least one PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT
(PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF
CRITICAL EVENT) for the vehicles
involved in the first harmful event should
equal 10, 11, 13 or 98.
ROADWAY ALIGNMENT must equal
2-4.
ROADWAY ALIGNMENT should not
equal 2-4.
CRASH TYPE should equal 13 for the
vehicle involved in the first harmful
event.

PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT)
must equal 00.
ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE
MANEUVER must equal 00.
PRE-IMPACT STABILITY must equal 0.
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT)
must equal 00.
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT)
must not equal 17.
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT)
must equal 00.
PRE-IMPACT LOCATION must equal 0.

659

PC17
IF
(AZA0)
(B10P)

(PB17)

(PB40)

(PB41)

(PB42)

(PB43)

(PB45)

660

PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR
TO RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL
EVENT) equals 05 or 07,
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR
TO RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL
EVENT) does not equal 17, and
ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE
MANUEVER 01,
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN for a
person involved in the first harmful
event equals 211-214 or 219,

THEN
TRAVEL SPEED should equal 000 for
this vehicle.
DRIVER MANEUVERED TO AVOID
should equal 00.

PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT)
must equal 08, 09, 13 or 97. Note: this
edit is restricted to vehicles which are
involved in only one event with
pedestrian(s).
at least one PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING (PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF
CRASH TYPE - BICYCLE equals
CRITICAL EVENT) must equal 08, 09,
610,
or 13 for the vehicle number identified in
this person’s NUMBER OF MOTOR
VEHICLE STRIKING NON-MOTORIST.
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - BICYCLE equals 215, RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT)
must equal 08 or 09 for the vehicle
number identified in this person’s
NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE
STRIKING NON-MOTORIST.
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - BICYCLE equals 111, RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT)
must equal 11 or 17 for the vehicle
211 or 212,
number identified in this person’s
NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE
STRIKING NON-MOTORIST.
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - BICYCLE equals 112, RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT)
must equal 10 or 17 for the vehicle
151, 213, 214, 217 or 218,
number identified in this person’s
NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE
STRIKING NON-MOTORIST.
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN equals RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT)
must equal 11 or 17 for the vehicle
781 or 782,
number identified in this person’s
NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE
STRIKING NON-MOTORIST.

2015

PC17
IF
(PB46)

PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - BICYCLE equals
221-225,

(PB49)

PERSON TYPE equals 05 or 08, and
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR
TO RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL
EVENT) equals 13 for the vehicle
number identified in this person’s
NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE
STRIKING NON-MOTORIST,
PERSON TYPE equals 05 or 08, and
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR
TO RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL
EVENT) equals 10-12 or 16 for the
vehicle number identified in this
person’s NUMBER OF MOTOR
VEHICLE STRIKING NONMOTORIST,
PERSON TYPE equals 06 or 07, and
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR
TO RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL
EVENT) equals 13 for the vehicle
number identified in this person’s
NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE
STRIKING NON-MOTORIST,
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN equals
791, 792, 794, 795,

(PB50)

(PB52)

(PB56)

(PBA0)

2015

PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - BICYCLE equals
111, 211, 212, and VEHICLE
NUMBER - VEHICLE LEVEL equals
NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE
STRIKING NON-MOTORIST,

THEN
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT)
should equal 01 for the vehicle number
identified in this person’s NUMBER OF
MOTOR VEHICLE STRIKING NONMOTORIST.
at least one PEDESTRIAN/BIKE
TYPING - CRASH TYPE PEDESTRIAN should equal 211-214 or
219.

at least one PEDESTRIAN/BIKE
TYPING - CRASH TYPE PEDESTRIAN should equal 460, 510,
781, 782, 791, 792, 794, 795, or 799.

at least one PEDESTRIAN/BIKE
TYPING - CRASH TYPE - BICYCLE
should equal 610.

PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT)
must equal 10 or 17 for the vehicle
number identified in this person’s
NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE
STRIKING NON-MOTORIST.
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT)
should equal 11.

661

PC17

(PBA1)

(V535)
(V538)

662

THEN

PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - BICYCLE equals 112,
151, 213, 214, 217 or 218, and
VEHICLE NUMBER - VEHICLE
LEVEL equals NUMBER OF MOTOR
VEHICLE STRIKING NONMOTORIST,
ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE
MANEUVER equals 00,

PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT)
should equal 10.

JACKKNIFE equals 2,

PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT)
must equal 00.
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT)
must not equal 04, 05, 07-09 or 13 for
this vehicle.

2015

PC18

CRITICAL EVENT – PRECRASH (CATEGORY)
FORMAT: 1 numeric
SAS NAME: none
ELEMENT VALUES:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
9

This Vehicle Loss of Control Due To:
This Vehicle Traveling
Other Motor Vehicle in Lane
Other Motor Vehicle Encroaching into Lane
Pedestrian or Pedalcyclist or Other Non-Motorist
Object or Animal
Other
Unknown

Definition: This element identifies the category of the event that was critical to this vehicle
being involved in the crash.
Remarks:
When more than one condition applies and it cannot be determined which one had a greater
effect, choose the higher listed attribute (e.g., 1 (This Vehicle Loss of Control Due To:)
takes precedence over 2 (This Vehicle Traveling)).
1 (This Vehicle Loss of Control Due To:) is used to identify situations where the critical
factor leading to the collision involved control loss of this vehicle. Control loss can be related
to either mechanical failure or environmentally induced vehicle instability.
2 (This Vehicle Traveling) is used to identify situations where the critical factor leading to the
collision involves the travel path of this vehicle.
3 (Other Motor Vehicle In Lane) is used to identify situations where the critical factor leading
to the collision involved the travel of the other vehicle in the same lane as this vehicle.
4 (Other Motor Vehicle Encroaching Into Lane) is used to identify situations where the
critical factor leading to the collision involves the other vehicle’s movement into or across this
vehicle’s travel lane from another lane, intersection, driveway or ramp.
5 (Pedestrian or Pedalcyclist or Other Non-Motorist) is used to identify situations where the
critical factor leading to the collision for this vehicle involved a pedestrian, pedalcyclist or other
non-motorist. A pedalcyclist is defined as a person riding a pedal power conveyance (e.g.,
bicycle, tricycle, etc.). A non-motorist is defined as a person riding on or in a conveyance

2015

663

PC18
which is not motorized or propelled by pedaling (e.g., baby carriage, skate board, roller blades,
etc.).
6 (Object or Animal) is used to identify situations where the critical factor leading to the
collision for this vehicle involved an object or animal.
7 (Other) is used when a critical factor not previously listed resulted in the collision for this
vehicle. Previous impacts in the crash are not considered as other critical precrash events.
For example, use this attribute if the critical event developed from this vehicle's departure from
a driveway.
9 (Unknown) is used when the critical precrash event which resulted in the collision is
unknown.
Consistency Check:
IF
(FP6F)

664

THEN

UNIT TYPE equals 1, and CRITICAL EVENT – PRECRASH (CATEGORY)
equals blank, case status is flawed.

2015

PC19

CRITICAL EVENT – PRECRASH (EVENT)
FORMAT: 2 numeric
SAS NAME: Vehicle.P_Crash2
ELEMENT VALUES:
THIS VEHICLE LOSS OF CONTROL DUE TO:
01
Blow Out/Flat Tire
02
Stalled Engine
03
Disabling Vehicle Failure (e.g., Wheel Fell Off) (Specify:)
04
Non-Disabling Vehicle Problem (e.g., Hood Flew Up) (Specify:)
05
Poor Road Conditions (Puddle, Pothole, Ice, Etc.) (Specify:)
06
Traveling Too Fast For Conditions
08
Other Cause of Control Loss (Specify:)
09
Unknown Cause of Control Loss
THIS VEHICLE TRAVELING
10
Over the Lane Line on Left Side of Travel Lane
11
Over the Lane Line on Right Side of Travel Lane
12
Off The Edge of The Road on the Left Side
13
Off The Edge of The Road on the Right Side
14
End Departure
15
Turning Left at Junction
16
Turning Right at Junction
17
Crossing Over (Passing Through) Intersection
18
This Vehicle Decelerating
19
Unknown Travel Direction
OTHER MOTOR VEHICLE IN LANE
50
Other Vehicle Stopped
51
Traveling in Same Direction With Lower Steady Speed
52
Traveling in Same Direction While Decelerating
53
Traveling in Same Direction With Higher Speed
54
Traveling in Opposite Direction
55
In Crossover
56
Backing
59
Unknown Travel Direction Of The Other Motor Vehicle In Lane
OTHER MOTOR VEHICLE ENCROACHING INTO LANE
60
From Adjacent Lane (Same Direction) Over Left Lane Line
61
From Adjacent Lane (Same Direction) Over Right Lane Line
62
From Opposite Direction Over Left Lane Line
63
From Opposite Direction Over Right Lane Line

2015

665

PC19
64
65
66
67
68
70
71
72
73
74
78

From Parking Lane, Median, Shoulder, Roadside
From Crossing Street, Turning Into Same Direction
From Crossing Street, Across Path
From Crossing Street, Turning Into Opposite Direction
From Crossing Street, Intended Path Not Known
From Driveway, Turning Into Same Direction
From Driveway, Across Path
From Driveway, Turning Into Opposite Direction
From Driveway, Intended Path Not Known
From Entrance to Limited Access Highway
Encroachment By Other Vehicle - Details Unknown

PEDESTRIAN OR PEDALCYCLIST OR OTHER NON-MOTORIST
80
Pedestrian in Road
81
Pedestrian Approaching Road
82
Pedestrian Unknown Location
83
Pedalcyclist or Other Non-Motorist in Road
84
Pedalcyclist or Other Non-Motorist Approaching Road
85
Pedalcyclist or Other Non-Motorist Unknown Location
OBJECT OR ANIMAL
87
Animal in Road
88
Animal Approaching Road
89
Animal - Unknown Location
90
Object in Road
91
Object Approaching Road
92
Object Unknown Location
OTHER (SPECIFY:)
98
Other Critical Precrash Event (Specify:)
UNKNOWN:
99
Unknown
Definition: This element identifies the critical event which made the crash imminent (i.e.,
something occurred which made the collision possible).
Remarks:
The selection of the Critical Precrash Category will determine what Critical Precrash Events
are available to select.
*Note: for attributes with a “Specify:” designation, a fill-in text box will open in MDE.
This text box should be used to provide additional detail about the attribute selection.
Please include a specific reason for this selection.

666

2015

PC19
Responsive actions to this situation, if any, are coded under Attempted Avoidance Maneuver.
A Critical Precrash Event is coded for each vehicle and identifies the circumstances leading to
this vehicle's first impact in the crash.
Do not refer to culpability. Many crash scenarios will suggest fault, but this should be
coincidental rather than by design. As an example, vehicle 1 was speeding when vehicle 2
crossed vehicle 1’s path from a driveway. The situation which made the precrash event critical
for vehicle 1 (since it did not lose control) was vehicle 2’s movement across vehicle 1’s path
and not vehicle 1’s speed.
When selecting events within the categories of THIS VEHICLE TRAVELING and OTHER
MOTOR VEHICLE ENCROACHING INTO LANE for Critical Events occurring in intersections,
a vehicle’s “travel lane” extends through the intersection area even if no lane line markings are
present within the intersection. For example, for a vehicle that is turning left, its original travel
lane extends through the intersection to the lane into which it is turning. (See diagram below).

This Vehicle Loss Of Control Due To:
01 (Blow Out or Flat Tire) is used when a vehicle in motion loses control as the result of an
immediate tire disruption. Examples include blow out, rapid air loss, tread separation, etc.
02 (Stalled Engine) refers to a vehicle which is in motion and loses engine power. A stalled
engine situation must precipitate a collision to be coded in this element. A vehicle that is
stopped as the result of an engine malfunction does not take this attribute.
03 (Disabling Vehicle Failure [e.g., Wheel Fell Off] [Specify:]) is selected when a
mechanical malfunction, such as a component of the vehicle suspension or steering system,
leads to the critical reason for the collision. (See “Note: for attributes with “specify:”
designation at the beginning of Remarks section for this element.)
04 (Non-Disabling Vehicle Problem [e.g., Hood Flew Up] [Specify:]) is selected when
some mechanical abnormality occurred to this vehicle which leads to the critical reason for the
2015

667

PC19
collision. The abnormality must not be disabling damage. (See “Note: for attributes with
“specify:” designation at the beginning of Remarks section for this element.)
05 (Poor Road Conditions [Puddle, Pot Hole, Ice, Etc.] [Specify:]) captures control loss
due to suddenly encountered environmental conditions of the roadway. These conditions
must have initiated the precrash event which resulted in the collision. (See “Note: for
attributes with “specify:” designation at the beginning of Remarks section for this element.).
06 (Traveling Too Fast For Conditions) identifies this vehicle’s movement relative to its
surroundings in which the subsequent loss of control lead to the collision. An example is a
roadway departure on a curve where the driver failed to negotiate and departed the roadway
resulting in an impact. If the driver merely steered straight while in a curve and departed the
roadway, then the category This Vehicle Traveling may apply.
08 (Other Cause of Control Loss [Specify:]) is selected when it was determined that this
vehicle's loss of control was the primary reason which made the event critical and the above
attributes do not adequately identify the control loss condition. If control is lost due to driver
illness such as heart attacks, diabetic comas, etc., then Critical Event - Precrash (Event)
should be coded as 08 (Other cause of control loss [specify:]). This attribute should not
be used for drivers who are impaired by alcohol and/or drugs unless the driver's
CONDITION (IMPAIRMENT) AT TIME OF CRASH equals 01 (Ill, Blackout). (See Note: for
attributes with “specify:” designation at the beginning of Remarks section for this element.).
09 (Unknown Cause of Control Loss) is selected when it is known control loss made the
situation critical, but it is unknown whether the vehicle or the environment caused the control
loss.
This Vehicle Traveling
These attributes identify situations where the critical factor leading to the collision involved the
travel path of this vehicle.
10 (Over the Lane Line on Left Side of Travel Lane) is selected when this vehicle departs its
lane to the left and is entering or had entered the adjoining lane or shoulder. The change of
travel path by this vehicle must precipitate the critical event for the collision. As an example,
this vehicle attempts to pass another vehicle on the other vehicle's left and is struck by a
vehicle traveling within its travel lane in the opposite direction.
However, by modifying the scenario slightly, the lane change may not always be the factor
leading to the precrash event. Consider the same situation where this vehicle is passing to the
left of the lead vehicle. If an animal runs into the roadway and is struck by this vehicle, then
the correct choice would be 87 (Animal in Road).
11 (Over the Lane Line on Right Side of Travel Lane) is selected when this vehicle departs
its lane to the right and is entering or had entered the adjoining lane or shoulder. To use this
attribute, change of travel path by this vehicle must precipitate the critical event for the

668

2015

PC19
collision. As an example, this vehicle attempts to pass another vehicle on the other vehicle's
right and is struck in the rear by a vehicle traveling within its travel lane in the same direction.
The correct choice for this vehicle would be 10 (Over the Lane Line on Right Side of Travel
Lane).
However, by modifying the scenario slightly the lane change may not always be the factor
leading to the precrash event. Consider the same situation where this vehicle is passing to the
right of the lead vehicle. If an animal runs into the road and is struck by this vehicle, then the
correct choice would be 87 (Animal in Road).
12 (Off the Edge of the Road on the Left Side) identifies a situation where the initial
precrash event occurred beyond the left side shoulder area. This also includes departure into a
median.
13 (Off the Edge of the Road on the Right Side) identifies a situation where the initial
precrash event occurred beyond the right side shoulder area.
14 (End Departure) is used when the vehicle departs the end of the roadway (e.g., “T”
intersection).
15 (Turning Left at Junction) is used when this vehicle attempts a left turn from its roadway
to another roadway or driveway. If the critical event developed from this vehicles departure
from a driveway code 98 (Other critical precrash event [specify:]).
16 (Turning Right at Junction) is used when this vehicle attempts a right turn from its
roadway to another roadway or driveway. If the critical event developed from this vehicles
departure from a driveway code 98 (Other critical precrash event [specify:]).
17 (Crossing Over (Passing Through) Intersection) identifies this vehicle’s travel as
proceeding through the intersection without any planned turning.
18 (This Vehicle Decelerating) is used when the vehicle is decelerating.
19 (Unknown Travel Direction) is used for those occasions where this vehicle’s travel made
the situation critical, but it is unknown which travel direction this vehicle was moving.
Other Motor Vehicle In Lane
These attributes identify situations where the critical factor leading to the collision involved the
travel of the other vehicle in the same lane as this vehicle. Note: For Rear-End collision
situations involving three vehicles see table below Precrash Event Scenarios for Different
Rear-End Collision Situations.
50 (Other Vehicle Stopped) identifies a situation where the other vehicle is not in motion (i.e.,
stopped, parked, disabled) and in this vehicle's travel lane.

2015

669

PC19
51 (Traveling in Same Direction with Lower Steady Speed) is used when the other vehicle
was the lead vehicle in the same travel lane, traveling in the same direction, and was traveling
slower than this vehicle
52 (Traveling in Same Direction While Decelerating) is used when the other vehicle was the
lead vehicle in the same travel lane, traveling in the same direction, and was decelerating.
Deceleration can include intentional deceleration by braking or unintended deceleration
caused by a prior event (e.g. tire blowout, prior collision).
53 (Traveling in Same Direction with Higher Speed) is used when the speed of the other
vehicle was higher than this vehicle or accelerating. The other vehicle must be overtaking this
vehicle.
54 (Traveling in Opposite Direction) is used when the other vehicle was in this vehicle’s
travel lane and traveling head-on in the opposite direction of this vehicle.
55 (In Crossover) is used when the other vehicle enters a crossover already occupied by this
vehicle. A crossover is defined as a designated opening within a median used primarily for “uturns”.
56 (Backing) identifies a situation where the other vehicle was in the process of backing up
while in this vehicle's travel lane.
59 (Unknown Travel Direction of Other Motor Vehicle in Lane) is used for situations where
the other vehicle's activity (while in the same lane as this vehicle) precipitated the precrash
event, but the travel direction and/or speed could not be determined.
Other Motor Vehicle Encroaching Into Lane
These attributes identify situations where the critical factor leading to the collision involved the
other vehicle’s movement into or across this vehicle’s travel lane from another lane,
intersection, driveway or ramp.
60 (From Adjacent Lane (Same Direction) Over Left Lane Line) is used when the other
vehicle was traveling in the same direction as this vehicle and crosses the left lane line with
respect to this vehicle's travel lane (i.e., other vehicle crosses its right lane line).
61 (From Adjacent Lane (Same Direction) Over Right Lane Line) is used when the other
vehicle was traveling in the same direction as this vehicle and crosses the right lane line with
respect to this vehicle's travel lane (i.e., other vehicle crosses its left lane line).
62 (From Opposite Direction Over Left Lane Line) identifies a situation where the other
vehicle crosses the left lane line while traveling in the opposite direction from this vehicle.
63 (From Opposite Direction Over Right Lane Line) identifies a situation where the other
vehicle crosses the right lane line while traveling in the opposite direction from this vehicle.

670

2015

PC19
64 (From Parking Lane, Median, Shoulder, Roadside) is selected when the other vehicle
was departing one of these trafficway components and entering the travel lane of this vehicle.
65 (From Crossing Street, Turning Into Same Direction) is used when the other vehicle
was turning from another roadway onto this vehicle's roadway and attempted to travel in the
same direction as this vehicle.
66 (From Crossing Street, Across Path) is used when the other vehicle was continuing
straight through the intersection and attempted to cross over this vehicle's roadway.
67 (From Crossing Street, Turning Into Opposite Direction) is used when the other vehicle
was entering an intersection from another roadway and was turning or attempting to turn onto
this vehicle’s roadway in the opposite travel direction of this vehicle.
68 (From Crossing Street, Intended Path Not Known) is used when the other vehicle’s
entrance into the intersection was the critical factor which led to the collision, however, the
other vehicle's travel direction could not be determined.
70 (From Driveway, Turning Into Same Direction) is used when the other vehicle was
turning from a driveway onto this vehicle's roadway and attempted to travel in the same
direction as this vehicle.
71 (From Driveway, Across Path) is used when the other vehicle was entering this vehicle’s
roadway from a driveway and was continuing straight across to another driveway or roadway.
72 (From Driveway, Turning Into Opposite Direction) is used when the other vehicle was
entering this vehicle’s roadway from a driveway and was attempting to turn into the opposite
travel direction of this vehicle.
73 (From Driveway, Intended Path Not Known) is used to identify driveway-related precrash
events where details surrounding the other vehicle's intended path are not known.
74 (From Entrance to Limited Access Highway) is used for entrance ramp situations where
the other vehicle was attempting to enter (merge) onto the limited access highway that was
being traveled by this vehicle.
78 (Encroachment by Other Vehicle Details Unknown) is used for situations where the
other vehicle initiated the critical precrash event, but circumstances surrounding the other
vehicle’s encroachment are unknown.
Pedestrian or Pedalcyclist or Other Non-Motorist
These attributes identify situations where the critical factor leading to the collision for this
vehicle involved a pedestrian, pedalcyclist, or other non-motorist. These selections include
situations where a vehicle was exiting a driveway. A pedalcyclist is defined as a person riding
a pedal powered conveyance (e.g., bicycle, tricycle, etc.). Other non-motorists include

2015

671

PC19
persons on personal conveyances (e.g., baby carriage, skate board, roller blades,
motorized wheelchair, etc.) and any person riding on an animal or in an animal-drawn
conveyance (e.g., on horseback, in a horse-drawn carriage, etc.).
80 (Pedestrian in Road) is used when a pedestrian was present (e.g., sitting, standing,
walking or running, etc.) in the road. For people not on foot (e.g. person on a skateboard
or in a motorized wheelchair), use 83 (Pedalcyclist or Other Non-Motorist in Road).
81 (Pedestrian Approaching Road) identifies situations where a pedestrian was within the
trafficway and moving toward the road or attempting to enter the road, but was not on the road.
82 (Pedestrian Unknown Location) is used when it was determined the presence or action of
a pedestrian was the critical factor which lead to this vehicle’s collision, but the location or
action of the pedestrian was not known.
83 (Pedalcyclist or Other Non-Motorist in Road) is selected when a pedalcyclist or other
non-motorist was present in the road (irrespective of relative motion).
84 (Pedalcyclist or Other Non-Motorist Approaching Road) identifies situations where the
pedalcyclist or other non-motorist was within the trafficway and moving toward the road or
attempting to enter the road, but was not on the road.
85 (Pedalcyclist or Other Non-Motorist Unknown Location) is used when it was
determined the presence or action of a pedalcyclist or other non-motorist was the critical factor
which led to this vehicle's collision, but the action of the pedalcyclist or other non-motorist was
not known.
Object or Animal
These attributes identify situations where the critical factor leading to the collision for this
vehicle involved an object or animal.
87 (Animal in Road) is used when an animal was present (i.e., stationary or moving) in the
road.
88 (Animal Approaching Road) identifies situations where an animal was within the
trafficway and moving toward the road or attempting to enter the road, but not on the road.
89 (Animal - Unknown Location) is used when it was determined the presence or action of
an animal was the critical factor which led to this vehicle's collision, but the action of the animal
was not known.
90 (Object in Road) is used when an object was present in the road. An object is defined as
being either fixed or non-fixed (only non-fixed objects are captured in this attribute).

672

2015

PC19
91 (Object Approaching Road) identifies situations where an object was within the trafficway
and moving toward the road, but not on the road.
92 (Object Unknown Location) is selected when it was determined the presence or
movement of an object was the critical factor which led to this vehicle's collision, but details
surrounding the location of the object were not known.
Treat trains as “objects not fixed”.
For example, a simple single CCE involving a train (car hits train or train hits car in crossing):





If driver recognized impending danger of approaching train and tried to avoid - 91 (Object
Approaching Road)
If driver recognized impending danger of train in his path or didn’t and hits the train in the
crossing - 90 (Object in Road)

If there is doubt/unclear circumstances - 98 (Other Critical Precrash Event [specify:])

Other (Specify:)
These attributes identify situations where the critical factor leading to the collision for this
vehicle was not previously listed.
98 (Other Critical Precrash Event [Specify:]) is used when a critical factor not previously
listed resulted in the collision for this vehicle. Previous impacts in the crash are not considered
as “other critical precrash events”.
Examples include:











2015

the critical event developed from this vehicle’s departure from a driveway (used for the
vehicle that exited the driveway).
the vehicle had only a non-collision event of fire/explosion, gas inhalation or thrown or
falling object or fell/jumped from vehicle.
the vehicle is a driverless motor vehicle in-transport.
a MVIT that becomes a contact vehicle by being struck by a “load” from another MVIT
the vehicle was disabled in a previous crash
an in-transport vehicle strikes or is struck by the door of a parked motor vehicle that is
opened into the travel lane or some portion of the equipment of the parked motor
vehicle (excluding the primary outline) e.g., extended mirrors used when hauling a
camper or trailer. NOTE: This should not be used for loads of vehicles extending into
the travel lane e.g., attached trailers or oversized cargo. In these cases the vehicle is
in-transport and not parked.
Unintentional Rolling Backward
Height Clearance
Mechanical problem with no control loss (e.g., stopped in the roadway with a stalled
engine or broken axle, etc.).
Vehicle stuck or stranded on the track and is struck by a train
673

PC19


This Vehicle is backing into a driveway/parking stall

(See “Note: for attributes with “specify:” designation at the beginning of Remarks section for
this element.)
Unknown:
99 (Unknown) is used when the critical precrash event that resulted in the collision is not
known.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(3D00)
(3D10)
(3D70)
(3E00)

(42AP)

(671F)
(AZ2P)

(AZ5P)
(AZBP)

674

CRASH TYPE equals 20-49, and
ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE
MANEUVER equals 00, 01,
CRASH TYPE equals 50-67, and
ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE
MANEUVER equals 00, 01,
CRITICAL EVENT – PRECRASH
(EVENT) equals 01-04,
CRITICAL EVENT – PRECRASH
(EVENT) equals 65-68 or 70-73 for a
vehicle involved in the first harmful
event,
NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLES
FORMS SUBMITTED equals 001,
and RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY
equals 02, 04, 06-08, and
ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE
MANEUVER equals 00 or 01,
the only harmful event in the
SEQUENCE OF EVENTS for this
vehicle equals 02 or 04,
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT does not
equal 02-07, 16, 44, 51, 72, and
CRITICAL EVENT – PRECRASH
(EVENT) equals 14, and
ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE
MANEUVER equals 01,
CRITICAL EVENT – PRECRASH
(EVENT) equals 70-73 for a vehicle
involved in the first harmful event,
any DRIVER MANEUVERED TO
AVOID equals 03,

THEN
CRITICAL EVENT – PRECRASH
(EVENT) should not equal 12-14, 54,
66-68, 71-73 or 80-85.
CRITICAL EVENT – PRECRASH
(EVENT) should not equal 12-14, 51-53,
60, 61, 65, 66, 70, 71, 80-85 or 87-92.
CONTRIBUTING CIRCUMSTANCES,
MOTOR VEHICLE must not equal 00.
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) should
not equal 01 or 18.
CRITICAL EVENT – PRECRASH
(EVENT) should equal 01-06, 08-14
or 19.

CRITICAL EVENT – PRECRASH
(EVENT) must equal 98.
CRASH TYPE must equal 14 for the
vehicle involved in the first harmful
event.

RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) should
equal 04 or 08.
CRITICAL EVENT – PRECRASH
(EVENT) should equal 87-89.

2015

PC19
IF
(AZCP) any DRIVER MANEUVERED TO
AVOID equals 05,
(AZEP) any DRIVER MANEUVERED TO
AVOID equals 01,
(A41A) FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 02,
04, 07, 16, 44 or 54,
(B13P)
(B15P)

(B16P)

(B17P)
(BZ10)

CRASH TYPE equals 20-49, and
ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE
MANEUVER equals 00-01,
CRITICAL EVENT – PRECRASH
(EVENT) equals 91, and
ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE
MANEUVER equals 00, 01, and the
vehicle is involved in the first harmful
event,
CRITICAL EVENT – PRECRASH
(EVENT) equals 90, and
ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE
MANEUVER equals 01, and the
vehicle is involved in the first harmful
event,
CONDITION (IMPAIRMENT) AT
TIME OF CRASH (D23) equals 09
for this driver,
CRITICAL EVENT – PRECRASH
(EVENT) equals 53,

THEN
CRITICAL EVENT – PRECRASH
(EVENT) should equal 80-85.
CRITICAL EVENT – PRECRASH
(EVENT) should equal 90-92.
CRITICAL EVENT - PRECRASH
(EVENT) should equal 98 for the
vehicles involved in the FIRST
HARMFUL EVENT.
CRITICAL EVENT-PRECRASH
(EVENT) should not equal 12-14, 54,
66-68, 71-73 or 80-85.
CRASH TYPE should equal 15.

CRASH TYPE should equal 12 or 15.

CRITICAL EVENT: PRECRASH
(EVENT) should not equal 08 for this
driver's vehicle.
AREAS OF IMPACT-INITIAL CONTACT
POINT should not equal 12 for this
vehicle.
AREAS OF IMPACT-INITIAL CONTACT
POINT should not equal 06 for this
vehicle.
at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
must equal 61 for this vehicle.
at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
must equal 64 for this vehicle.

(BZ20)

CRITICAL EVENT – PRECRASH
(EVENT) equals 51, 52,

(BZ40)

CRITICAL EVENT - PRECRASH
(EVENT) equals 01,
CRITICAL EVENT - PRECRASH
(EVENT) equals 12, and PREIMPACT LOCATION is not equal to 5,
at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
CRITICAL EVENT - PRECRASH
must equal 63 for this vehicle.
(EVENT) equals 13, and PREIMPACT LOCATION is not equal to 5,
at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
CRITICAL EVENT - PRECRASH
must equal 71 for this vehicle.
(EVENT) equals 14,
UNIT TYPE equals 1, and CRITICAL EVENT – PRECRASH (EVENT) equals
blank, case status is flawed.

(BZ50)
(BZ60)
(BZ70)
(FP7F)

2015

675

PC19
IF
(U682)

676

THEN

UNLIKELY: CRITICAL EVENT: PRECRASH (EVENT) equals 08 for this
vehicle and CONDITION (IMPAIRMENT) AT TIME OF CRASH (D23) does not
equal 01 for this vehicle’s driver.

2015

PC19

Precrash Event Scenarios for Different Rear-End Collision Situations
Two Vehicle Collisions

Trail Vehicle
1)

Both vehicles in motion. Leading
vehicle, traveling at steady
speed, is struck from behind by
trailing vehicle.
Both vehicles traveling at same
speed. Lead vehicle decelerates
and trailing vehicle continues at
initial speed. Trailing vehicle
eventually applies brakes before
striking the lead vehicle.

Both vehicles traveling at same
speed. Lead vehicle stops and
is immediately struck by trailing
vehicle.

4)
Lead vehicle is stopped on
roadway and is struck by a
trailing vehicle.

Lead and trailing vehicle
stopped on roadway. Lead
vehicle backs into trailing
vehicle.

Lead Vehicle

Pre-Event
Movement

Going straight

Critical Precrash
(Category)

Other motor vehicle in lane

Critical Precrash
(Event)

Traveling in same direction
with lower or steady speed

Traveling in same direction
with higher speed

Pre-Event
Movement

Going straight

Critical Precrash
(Category)

Other motor vehicle in lane

This vehicle traveling

Critical Precrash
(Event)

Traveling in same direction
while decelerating

This vehicle decelerating

Pre-Event
Movement

Going straight

Critical Precrash
(Category)

Other motor vehicle in lane

Critical Precrash
(Event)
Pre-Event
Movement

Traveling in same direction
while decelerating

Traveling in same direction
with higher speed

Going straight

Stopped in roadway

Critical Precrash
(Category)

Other motor vehicle in lane

Critical Precrash
(Event)
Pre-Event
Movement
Critical Precrash
(Category)
Critical Precrash
(Event)

Other vehicle stopped

Traveling in same direction
with higher speed

Stopped in roadway

Other motor vehicle in lane

Backing

Other vehicle stopped

Three Vehicle Collisions
6)

2015

Two vehicles stopped
in traffic, struck by
decelerating trailing
vehicle

Lead vehicle stopped
in traffic, middle
vehicle decelerating,
trailing vehicle strikes
middle vehicle which
strikes lead vehicle.

Trail Vehicle

Middle Vehicle

Lead Vehicle

Pre-Event
Movement

Decelerating

Stopped in traffic

Critical
Precrash
(Category)

Other motor vehicle
in lane

Critical
Precrash
(Event)

Other vehicle
stopped

Traveling in same
direction while
decelerating

Traveling in same
direction with higher
speed

Pre-Event
Movement

Going straight

Decelerating

Stopped in traffic

Critical
Precrash
(Category)

Other motor vehicle
in lane

Traveling in same
direction while
decelerating

Traveling in same
direction with higher
speed

Critical
Precrash
(Event)

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PC20

ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE MANEUVER
FORMAT: 2 numeric
SAS NAME: Vehicle.P_Crash3
ELEMENT VALUES:
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
98
99

No Driver Present / Unknown if Driver Present
No Avoidance Maneuver
Braking (No Lockup)
Braking (Lockup)
Braking (Lockup Unknown)
Releasing Brakes
Steering Left
Steering Right
Braking and Steering Left
Braking and Steering Right
Accelerating
Accelerating and Steering Left
Accelerating and Steering Right
Other actions (specify:)
Unknown

Definition: This element identifies movements/actions taken by the driver, within a critical
crash envelope, in response to a Critical Precrash Event.
Remarks:
Attempted avoidance maneuvers are movements/actions taken by the driver, within a critical
crash envelope, in response to a Critical Precrash Event. See Precrash Data Overview for
an expanded discussion on precrash definitions. Attempted avoidance maneuvers occur after
the driver has realization of an impending danger. This element assesses what the driver's
action(s) was in response to his/her realization.
Most crashes have only one critical crash envelope and thus only one Critical Precrash Event;
however, multiple critical crash envelopes with their respective Critical Precrash Events, can
exist.
This element may be used independently: (1) of any maneuvers associated with this driver's
Crash Type, and (2) this vehicle's first associated crash event.
Select the attribute which best describes the actions taken by the driver in response to the
Critical Precrash Event, within the critical crash envelope that occurred just prior to this

2015

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PC20
vehicle's impact. When there was a known action (e.g., braking), but you cannot determine
whether there was more than one action (e.g., braking and steering left), default to the known
action (e.g., braking).
Witness Statements:
When coding Attempted Avoidance Maneuver, witness statements, including those from
vehicle passengers or pedestrians, may be used to provide information when police sources
are unavailable. The officer’s assessment on the PAR will take precedent over items reported
in a witness statement document in all cases. The officer’s assessment includes any
statements from a witness included by the officer as part of the PAR narrative. In absence of
indication on the PAR, information that is in direct contradiction in two witness statements will
not be included.
00 (No Driver Present/Unknown if Driver Present) is pre-coded for in-transport motor
vehicles when the element Driver Presence is coded as 0 (No Driver Present/Not
Applicable).
01 (No Avoidance Maneuver) is selected whenever the driver did not attempt any evasive
(pre-impact) maneuvers, i.e., the case materials indicate that there was no realization of
danger or realization without time/ability to react or there is some indication on a field or within
the narrative statements (supported by the diagram if present) that identifies no avoidance
maneuver was attempted. Note: This attribute should not be assessed solely by the diagram.
02 (Braking [No Lockup]) is selected when there is braking but no indication of lock up. Use
this attribute when there are no indications of skid marks.
03 (Braking [Lockup]) is selected when there is braking and an indication of lock up. Use this
attribute when there are indications of skid marks.
04 (Braking [Lockup Unknown]) is selected when there is braking (i.e. statement in the
narrative) however it cannot be determined if lock-up occurred.
98 (Other Actions, [Specify:]) is used when the Police Accident Report indicates the driver
took certain avoidance actions, but none of the specified attributes apply. This value also
applies when there are reported movements / actions taken by the driver with no information
provided about the driver's specific actions. (e.g., “The driver of Vehicle 2 attempted to avoid
the collision, but was unsuccessful”).
*Note: for attributes with a “Specify:” designation, a fill-in text box will open in MDE.
This text box should be used to provide additional detail about the attribute selection.
Please include a specific reason for this selection.
99 (Unknown) is used when:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the
information to code this element AND no other information is available to code
the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case materials); or
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2. a field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no
other information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case
materials); or
3. police indicate unknown.
Note: If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave data blocks blank when there is no
avoidance maneuver, then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered 99 (Unknown).
Consistency Checks:
IF
(3BDP) CRASH TYPE equals 46, 47, and
ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE
MANEUVER equals 01 or 99,
(3BEP) CRASH TYPE equals 01 or 06, and
ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE
MANEUVER equals 01,
(3BHP) ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE
MANEUVER does not equal 02-12,
98,
(3C40) CRASH TYPE equals 46,

(3C80)

(3D00)
(3D10)

(42AP)

2015

THEN
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
RECONITION OF CRITICAL EVENT)
must not equal 01.
PRE-IMPACT STABILITY should not
equal 2-5 or 7.
PRE-IMPACT STABILITY should not
equal 7.

PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT)
should equal 06, 15, 16, or
ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE
MANEUVER should equal 07, 09 or 12.
CRASH TYPE equals 47,
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT)
should equal 06, 15, 16, or
ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE
MANEUVER should equal 06, 08 or 11.
CRASH TYPE equals 20-49, and
CRITICAL EVENT – PRECRASH
ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE
(EVENT) should not equal 12-14, 54,
MANEUVER equals 00, 01,
66-68, 71-73 or 80-85.
CRASH TYPE equals 50-67, and
CRITICAL EVENT – PRECRASH
ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE
(EVENT) should not equal 12-14,
MANEUVER equals 00, 01,
51-53, 60, 61, 65, 66, 70, 71, 80-85 or
87-92.
NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLES
CRITICAL EVENT – PRECRASH
FORMS SUBMITTED equals 001, and (EVENT) should equal 01-06, 08-14
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals or 19.
02, 04, 06-08, and ATTEMPTED
AVOIDANCE MANEUVER equals 00
or 01,

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PC20
IF
(AZ2P)

(AZ30)
(B10P)

(B13P)
(B15P)

(B16P)

(V533)
(V535)
(V59Q)
(VH10)
(VH20)

682

FIRST HARMFUL EVENT does not
equal 02-07, 16, 44, 51, 72, and
CRITICAL EVENT-PRECRASH
(EVENT) equals 14, and
ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE
MANEUVER equals 01,
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR
TO RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL
EVENT) equals 00,
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR
TO RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL
EVENT) does not equal 17,
ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE
MANUEVER equals 01,
CRASH TYPE equals 20-49, and
ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE
MANEUVER equals 00, 01,
CRITICAL EVENT-PRECRASH
(EVENT) equals 91, and
ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE
MANEUVER equals 00, 01 and the
vehicle is involved in the first harmful
event,
CRITICAL EVENT-PRECRASH
(EVENT) equals 90, and
ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE
MANEUVER equals 01, and the
vehicle is involved in the first harmful
event,
CRASH TYPE equals 03, 08, 38, 40,
58 or 60,
ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE
MANEUVER equals 00,
ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE
MANEUVER equals 99,
PRE-IMPACT LOCATION equals 0,
ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE
MANEUVER equals 00,

THEN
CRASH TYPE must equal 14 for the
vehicle involved in the first harmful
event.

ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE
MANEUVER must equal 00.
DRIVER MANEUVERED TO AVOID
should equal 00.

CRITICAL EVENT-PRECRASH
(EVENT) should not equal 12-14, 54,
66-68, 71-73 or 80-85.
CRASH TYPE should equal 15.

CRASH TYPE should equal 12 or 15.

ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE
MANEUVER must not equal 00 or 01.
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT)
must equal 00.
DRIVER MANEUVERED TO AVOID
should equal 00, 98 or 99.
ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE
MANEUVER must equal 00.
PRE-IMPACT LOCATION must equal 0.

2015

PC21

PRE-IMPACT STABILITY
FORMAT: 1 numeric
SAS NAME: Vehicle.PCrash4
ELEMENT VALUES:
0
1
2
3
4
5
7
9

No Driver Present / Unknown if Driver Present
Tracking
Skidding Longitudinally Rotation Less Than 30 Degrees
Skidding Laterally Clockwise Rotation
Skidding Laterally Counter-Clockwise Rotation
Skidding Laterally, Rotation Direction Unknown
Other Vehicle Loss-of-Control (Specify:)
Precrash Stability Unknown

Definition: This element assesses the stability of the vehicle after the critical event, but before
the impact.
Remarks:
The stability of the vehicle prior to an avoidance action is not considered except in the
following situation:
A vehicle that is out of control (e.g., yawing clockwise) prior to an avoidance maneuver is
coded as 7 (Other Vehicle Loss-of Control [Specify:]) only if an avoidance action was taken
in response to an impending danger.
Thus, this element focuses upon this vehicle's dynamics after the critical event.
0 (No Driver Present/Unknown if Driver Present) is pre-coded for in-transport motor
vehicles when the element Driver Presence is coded as 0 (No Driver Present/Not
Applicable).
1 (Tracking) is used when there is no brake lockup and the vehicle continued along its
intended path without rotation. Stopped, slowing, turning or accelerating to avoid a rear-end
collision are examples.
2 (Skidding Longitudinally Rotation Less Than 30 degrees) is selected when there is brake
lockup or whenever tire marks are apparent without brake lockup (braking or non-braking) and
rotation is less than 30 degrees clockwise or counterclockwise. If there is no information to
support rotation greater than or equal to 30 degrees, then use this attribute. Also use this
attribute when there is indication in the case materials that the vehicle was not tracking
(e.g., sliding) but tire marks are not present, (e.g., wet, ice, snow covered, etc.).

2015

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PC21
3 (Skidding Laterally Clockwise Rotation) is selected when the vehicle rotates clockwise,
relative to the driver's seating position. The vehicle must rotate 30 degrees or more. This
attribute also applies when the driver attempts a steering input (i.e., steers right), but the
vehicle rotates clockwise.
4 (Skidding Laterally Counter-Clockwise Rotation) is selected when the vehicle rotates
counterclockwise, relative to the driver's seating position. The vehicle must rotate 30 degrees
or more. This attribute also applies when the driver attempts a steering input (i.e., swerves
left), but the vehicle rotates counter-clockwise.
5 (Skidding Laterally, Rotation Direction Unknown) is used when the vehicle rotates 30
degrees or more but it cannot be determined from the case materials whether it was clockwise
or counter-clockwise rotation.
7 (Other Vehicle Loss-of-Control [Specify:]) is selected when a driver loses control of a
vehicle prior to the critical event.
*Note: for attributes with a “Specify:” designation, a fill-in text box will open in MDE.
This text box should be used to provide additional detail about the attribute selection.
Please include a specific reason for this selection.
9 (Precrash Stability Unknown) is selected when the stability of the vehicle, after the Critical
Event, cannot be determined. If the diagram lacks enough detail and the case materials
provide no information or is silent in regard to precrash stability, code as 9 (Precrash
Stability Unknown).
Consistency Checks:
IF
(3BEP)

CRASH TYPE equals 01 or 06, and
ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE
MANEUVER equals 01,
(3BHP) ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE MANEUVER does not equal 02-12, 98,
(3D50) PRE-IMPACT STABILITY equals 1,
(AZ50)
(AZ60)
(VB60)
(VB70)
(VBA0)

684

PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR
TO RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL
EVENT) equals 00,
PRE-IMPACT STABILITY equals 0,
PRE-IMPACT STABILITY equals 0,
PRE-IMPACT STABILITY is not equal
to 0,
PRE-IMPACT LOCATION equals 1,

THEN
PRE-IMPACT STABILITY should not
equal 2-5 or 7.
PRE-IMPACT STABILITY should not
equal 7.
CRASH TYPE should not equal 02, 07,
34, 36, 54 or 56.
PRE-IMPACT STABILITY must equal 0.
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT)
must equal 00.
PRE-IMPACT LOCATION must equal 0.
PRE-IMPACT LOCATION must not
equal 0.
PRE-IMPACT STABILITY should equal
1, 2 or 9.
2015

PC22

PRE-IMPACT LOCATION
FORMAT: 1 numeric
SAS NAME: Vehicle.PCrash5
ELEMENT VALUES:
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
9

No Driver Present / Unknown if Driver Present
Stayed in Original Travel Lane
Stayed on Roadway, but Left Original Travel Lane
Stayed on Roadway, Not Known if Left Original Travel Lane
Departed Roadway
Remained off Roadway
Returned to Roadway
Entered Roadway
Unknown

Definition: This element assesses the location of the vehicle after the critical event, but before
the impact.
Remarks:
When determining Pre-impact Location for crashes occurring in intersections, a vehicle’s
“travel lane” extends through the intersection area even if no lane line markings are present
within the intersection. For example, for a vehicle that is turning left, its original travel lane
extends through the intersection to the lane into which it is turning.
Select the attribute which best describes the location of the vehicle (i.e., perimeter of the
vehicle from the case diagram).
0 (No Driver Present/Unknown if Driver Present) is used when there is no driver in this
vehicle.
1 (Stayed in Original Travel Lane) is selected when the vehicle remained within the
boundaries of its initial travel lane.
2 (Stayed on Roadway But Left Original Travel Lane) is selected when the perimeter of the
vehicle departed its initial travel lane; however, the vehicle remained within the boundaries of
the roadway (travel lanes).
3 (Stayed on Roadway, Not Known if Left Original Travel Lane) is selected when it cannot
be ascertained whether the vehicle remained within its initial travel lane. To use this attribute,
the vehicle must have remained within the boundaries of the roadway.

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4 (Departed Roadway) is selected when the vehicle departed the roadway as a result of a
precrash motion. The roadway departure must not be related to the post-impact trajectory of a
crash within the roadway. Use this attribute for vehicles crossing a median into oncoming
traffic.
5 (Remained off Roadway) the precrash motion occurred outside the boundaries of the
roadway. This includes traveling on the shoulders, within the median, on the roadside, or off
the trafficway.
6 (Returned to Roadway) is selected when the vehicle was on the roadway, went off the
roadway and then returned to the same roadway during precrash motion.
7 (Entered Roadway) is selected when the vehicle was not previously on the roadway and
then the vehicle enters the roadway during precrash motion.
9 (Unknown) the precrash motion of the vehicle cannot be determined.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(AZ70)

PRE-IMPACT LOCATION equals 0,

(AZ80)

PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR
TO RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL
EVENT) equals 00,
CRITICAL EVENT - PRECRASH
(EVENT) equals 12, and PREIMPACT LOCATION is not equal to 5,
CRITCAL EVENT - PRECRASH
(EVENT) equals 13, and PREIMPACT LOCATION is not equal to 5,
CRASH TYPE equals 01-05, and
PRE-IMPACT LOCATION is not equal
to 0 or 5,
CRASH TYPE equals 06-10, and
PRE-IMPACT LOCATION is not equal
to 0 or 5,
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals
02-08 or 10,

(BZ50)

(BZ60)

(BZ90)

(BZ91)

(PC20)

(PC30)

686

PRE-IMPACT LOCATION for a
vehicle involved in the first harmful
event equals 4, 5, and RELATION TO
JUNCTION (b) does not equal 04,05,

THEN
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT)
must equal 00.
PRE-IMPACT LOCATION must equal 0.

at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
must equal 64 for this vehicle.
at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
must equal 63 for this vehicle.
at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
prior to the first harmful event must equal
63.
at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
prior to the first harmful event must equal
64.
PRE-IMPACT LOCATION of the
vehicle(s) involved in the first harmful
event should equal 0, 4, 5 or 9.
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY should not
equal 01 or 11.

2015

PC22
IF
(PC40)
(PC50)
(VB60)
(VB70)

PRE-IMPACT LOCATION for a
vehicle involved in the first harmful
event equals 1-3, 6,
PRE-IMPACT LOCATION equals 2,

(VBA0)

PRE-IMPACT STABILITY equals 0,
PRE-IMPACT STABILITY is not equal
to 0,
PRE-IMPACT LOCATION equals 1,

(VH10)

PRE-IMPACT LOCATION equals 0,

(VH20)

ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE
MANEUVER equals 00,

2015

THEN
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY should
equal 01 or 11.
TOTAL LANES IN ROADWAY should not
equal 1.
PRE-IMPACT LOCATION must equal 0.
PRE-IMPACT LOCATION must not equal
0.
PRE-IMPACT STABILITY should equal
1, 2 or 9.
ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE MANEUVER
must equal 00.
PRE-IMPACT LOCATION must equal 0.

687

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PC23

CRASH TYPE
FORMAT: 2 numeric
SAS NAME: Vehicle.Acc_Type
ELEMENT VALUES:
00
98
99

As assigned by the selection on the next screens
No Impact
01-93
Other Crash Type
Unknown

Definition: This element describes the type of crash this in-transport vehicle was involved in
based on the First Harmful Event and the precrash circumstances.

2015

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PC23

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2015

PC23
Remarks:
The Crash Type is a numeric value assigned by selecting the Crash Category and the Crash
Configuration on the next screens/pages. The number can be directly entered or edited here,
however, the two-step process of selecting the Crash Category And Crash Configuration is
preferred to visualize the crash scenario.
The first harmful event may include a collision between a vehicle and some object,
accompanied by property damage or human injury. The object may be another vehicle, a
person, an animal, a fixed object, the road surface or the ground. If the first collision is a
rollover, the impact is with the ground or road surface. The collision may also involve plowing
into soft ground, if severe vehicle deceleration results in damage or injury. A road departure
without damage or injury is not defined as a harmful event.

Category I. Single Driver
Configuration A. Right Roadside Departure
The vehicle departed the right side of the road with the first harmful event occurring off the
road.
01 Right Roadside Departure: Drive Off Road
x

02 Right Roadside Departure: Control/Traction Loss
Use Right Roadside Departure: Control/Traction when there is evidence
that the vehicle lost traction or "got away" from the driver in some other way
(e.g., the vehicle spun off the road as a result of surface conditions,
oversteer phenomena or mechanical malfunctions). If doubt exists, use
Right Roadside Departure, Drive Off Road. If the control/traction loss
occurs as a result of an avoidance of something in the road, see
remarks for CRASH TYPE 03 (Right Roadside Departure: Avoid Collision With Vehicle,
Pedestrian, Animal) and 04 (Right Roadside Departure: Specifics Other) to establish
which attribute applies.

2015

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PC23
03 Right Roadside Departure: Avoid Collision With Vehicle, Pedestrian, Animal
Use Right Roadside Departure: Avoid Collision With Vehicle,
Pedestrian, Animal when the vehicle departed the road to avoid
something on the road. Phantom vehicle situations, pedestrians,
bicyclists, and other cyclists and non-motorists are included here.

04 Right Roadside Departure: Specifics Other
Use Right Roadside Departure: Specifics Other if the vehicle departed the
road to avoid something on the road other than a vehicle, pedestrian or
animal. Also use "Specifics Other" for crashes involving a driverless
in-transport vehicle.
05 Right Roadside Departure: Specifics Unknown
Use Right Roadside Departure: Specifics Unknown if the vehicle departed
the right side of the road for unknown reasons.

Configuration B. Left Roadside Departure
06 Left Roadside Departure: Drive Off Road
Use Left Roadside Departure: Drive Off Road when the vehicle departed
the road under a controlled situation (e.g., the driver was distracted, fell
asleep, intentionally departed, etc.)

07 Left Roadside Departure: Control/Traction Loss
Use Left Roadside Departure: Control/Traction Loss if there is evidence
that the vehicle lost traction or “got away” from the driver in some other way
(e.g., the vehicle spun off the road as a result of surface conditions,
oversteer phenomena or mechanical malfunctions.) If doubt exists, use Left
Roadside Departure, Drive Off Road. If the control/traction loss occurs
as a result of an avoidance of something in the road, see remarks for
CRASH TYPE 08 (Left Roadside Departure: Avoid Collision With Vehicle, Pedestrian,
Animal) and 09 (Left Roadside Departure: Specifics Other) to establish which attribute
applies

692

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08 Left Roadside Departure: Avoid Collision With Vehicle, Pedestrian, Animal
Use Left Roadside Departure: Avoid Collision With Vehicle,
Pedestrian, Animal when the vehicle departed the road to avoid something
on the road. Phantom vehicle situations, pedestrians, bicyclists, and other
cyclists and non-motorists are included here.

09 Left Roadside Departure: Specifics Other
Use Left Roadside Departure: Specifics Other if the vehicle departed the road
to avoid something on the road other than a vehicle, pedestrian or animal. Also,
use “Specifics Other” for crashes involving a driverless in-transport vehicle.

10 Left Roadside Departure: Specifics Unknown
Use Left Roadside Departure: Specifics Unknown if the vehicle departed the
left side of the road for unknown reasons.

Configuration C. Forward Impact
The vehicle struck an object on the road or off the end of a trafficway while moving forward.
11 Forward Impact: Parked Vehicle
Use Forward Impact: Parked Vehicle if the crash involves impact with a
parked vehicle on either side of the road. For cases involving a parked vehicle
opening a door into moving traffic or extended mirrors into the travel lane use
15 (Forward Impact: Specifics Other).

12 Forward Impact: Stationary Object
Use Forward Impact: Stationary Object if the crash involves impact with a
stationary object on either side of the road.

2015

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13 Forward Impact: Pedestrian/Animal
Use Forward Impact: Pedestrian/Animal if the first harmful event involves
impact with a pedestrian or animal on either side of the road. Pedestrians,
bicyclists, and other cyclists and non-motorists are included here. Vehicle
plane of contact is NOT a consideration. However, if a vehicle is backing
up when it contacts a non-motorist select CRASH TYPE 92 (Backing,
Etc.: Backing Vehicle).
14 Forward Impact: End Departure
Use Forward Impact: End Departure when the vehicle ran off the end of the
road and crashed into something.

15 Forward Impact: Specifics Other
Use Forward Impact: Specifics Other for impacted (striking or struck) trains and
non-stationary objects on the road. Also use “Specifics Other” for crashes involving
a driverless in-transport vehicle. Use this attribute for cases involving a parked
vehicle opening a door into moving traffic or extended mirrors into the travel lane.
16 Forward Impact: Specifics Unknown
Use Forward Impact: Specifics Unknown when the PAR indicates a single driver
was involved in a forward impact collision, but no further classification is possible.

Category II. Same Trafficway, Same Direction
Configuration D. Rear-End
The front of the overtaking vehicle impacted the rear of the other vehicle. Note, even if the
rear-impacted vehicle had started to make a turn, code here (not in Category IV - Change in
Trafficway, Vehicle Turning).

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2015

PC23
20 Rear-End: Stopped
Use Rear-End: Stopped for a vehicle that impacts another vehicle from
the rear when the impacted vehicle was stopped in the trafficway.

21 Rear-End: Stopped, Straight
Use Rear-End: Stopped, Straight for a rear-impacted vehicle that was
stopped in the trafficway, and was intending to proceed straight ahead.

22 Rear-End: Stopped, Left
Use Rear-End: Stopped, Left for a rear-impacted vehicle that was
stopped in the trafficway, intending to make a left turn.

23 Rear-End: Stopped, Right
Use Rear-End: Stopped, Right for a rear-impacted vehicle that was
stopped in the trafficway, intending to make a right turn.

24 Rear-End: Slower
Use Rear-End: Slower for a vehicle that impacts another vehicle from the
rear when the impacted vehicle was going slower than the striking vehicle.

2015

695

PC23
25 Rear-End: Slower, Going Straight
Use Rear-End: Slower, Going Straight for a rear-impacted vehicle that
was going slower than the other vehicle while proceeding straight ahead.

26 Rear-End: Slower, Going Left
Use Rear-End: Slower, Going Left for a rear-impacted vehicle that was
going slower than the other vehicle while intending to turn left.

27 Rear-End: Slower, Going Right
Use Rear-End: Slower, Going Right for a rear-impacted vehicle that was
going slower than the other vehicle while intending to turn right.

28 Rear-End: Decelerating (Slowing)
Use Rear-End: Decelerating (Slowing) for a vehicle which impacts
another vehicle from the rear when the impacted vehicle was slowing down.

29 Rear-End: Decelerating (Slowing), Going Straight
Use Rear-End: Decelerating (Slowing), Going Straight for a
rear-impacted vehicle that was slowing down while proceeding straight
ahead.

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2015

PC23
30 Rear-End: Decelerating (Slowing), Going Left
Use Rear-End: Decelerating (Slowing), Going Left for a rear-impacted
vehicle that was slowing down while intending to turn left.

31 Rear-End: Decelerating (Slowing), Going Right
Use Rear-End: Decelerating (Slowing), Going Right for a rear-impacted
vehicle that was slowing down while intending to turn right.

32 Rear-End: Specifics Other
Use Rear-End: Specifics Other for rear-end collisions which cannot be
described in “20-31.” Enter “Specifics Other” for crashes involving a driverless
in-transport vehicle.

33 Rear-End: Specifics Unknown
Use Rear-End: Specifics Unknown when the PAR indicates a rear-end collision
occurred, but no further classification is possible.

Configuration E. Forward Impact
The front of the overtaking vehicle impacted the rear of the other vehicle, following a steering
maneuver around a noninvolved vehicle or object.

2015

697

PC23
34 Forward Impact: Control/Traction Loss
Use Forward Impact: Control/Traction Loss for a vehicle that's frontal
area impacts another vehicle due to loss of control or traction (during a
aneuver to avoid a collision with a non-involved vehicle) while both are
traveling on the same trafficway in the same direction.

35 Forward Impact: Control/Traction Loss
Use Forward Impact: Control/Traction Loss for a vehicle that is impacted
by the frontal area of another vehicle due to loss of control or traction (during
a maneuver to avoid a collision with a non-involved vehicle) while both are
traveling on the same trafficway in the same direction.

36 Forward Impact: Control/Traction Loss
Use Forward Impact: Control/Traction Loss for a vehicle that's frontal area
impacts another vehicle due to loss of control or traction (during a maneuver to
avoid a collision with an object) while both are traveling on the same trafficway
in the same direction.

37 Forward Impact: Control/Traction Loss
Use Forward Impact: Control/Traction Loss for a vehicle that is impacted by
the frontal area of another vehicle due to loss of control or traction (during a
maneuver to avoid a collision with an object) while both are traveling on the
same trafficway in the same direction.

38 Forward Impact: Avoid Collision with Vehicle
Use Forward Impact: Avoid Collision with Vehicle for a vehicle that
struck the rear of another vehicle with its front plane while maneuvering to
avoid collision with a non-involved vehicle, when loss of control or traction
was not a factor, and both were traveling on the same trafficway, in the
same direction.

698

2015

PC23
39 Forward Impact: Avoid Collision with Vehicle
Use Forward Impact: Avoid Collision with Vehicle for a vehicle that was
impacted by the frontal area of another vehicle which was maneuvering to
avoid a collision with a non-involved vehicle, when loss of control or traction
was not a
factor, and both were traveling on the same trafficway, in the same direction.
40 Forward Impact: Avoid Collision with Object
Use Forward Impact: Avoid Collision with Object for a vehicle that struck
the rear of another vehicle with its front plane while maneuvering to avoid
collision with an object, when loss of control or traction was not a factor, and
both were traveling on the same trafficway, in the same direction.

41 Forward Impact: Avoid Collision with Object
Use Forward Impact: Avoid Collision with Object for a vehicle that was
impacted by the frontal area of another vehicle that was maneuvering to avoid
a collision with an object, when loss of control or traction was not a factor, and
both were traveling on the same trafficway, in the same direction.

42 Forward Impact: Specifics Other
Use Forward Impact: Specifics Other (for both vehicles) for a forward impact
collision that occurred while both vehicles were traveling on the same trafficway,
in the same direction, and the striking vehicle was attempting to avoid a vehicle
or an object that cannot be described by “34 - 40.”
Also, use this code for crashes involving a driverless in-transport vehicle that
would otherwise qualify for this configuration.
43 Forward Impact: Specifics Unknown
Use Forward Impact: Specifics Unknown when the PAR indicates that a
forward impact collision occurred while both vehicles were traveling on the
same trafficway and in the same direction, but no further classification was
possible.

2015

699

PC23

Configuration F. Sideswipe/Angle
The two vehicles are involved in an impact involving the side of one or both vehicles.
The following four attributes, Sideswipe/Angle, straight ahead on left, Sideswipe/Angle,
straight ahead on left/right, Sideswipe/Angle, changing lanes to the right and
Sideswipe/Angle, changing lanes to the left identify relative vehicle positions (left versus
right) and lane of travel intentions (straight ahead versus changing lanes). From these four
codes, four combinations are permitted. They are:
1. 44 (Sideswipe/Angle, straight ahead on left) and 45 (Sideswipe/Angle,
straight ahead on left/right).
2. 46 (Sideswipe/Angle, changing lanes to the right) and 45 (Sideswipe/Angle,
straight ahead on left/right).
3. 45 (Sideswipe/Angle, straight ahead on left/right) and 47 (Sideswipe/Angle,
changing lanes to the left).
4. 46 (Sideswipe/Angle, changing lanes to the right) and 47 (Sideswipe/Angle,
changing lanes to the left).
When used in combination, these codes refer to a sideswipe or angle collision that involved a
vehicle to the left of a vehicle to the right where:
1. neither vehicle (Sideswipe/Angle, straight ahead on left and
Sideswipe/Angle, straight ahead on left/right) intended to change its lane;
2. the vehicle on the left (Sideswipe/Angle, changing lanes to the right) was
changing lanes to the right, and the vehicle on the right (Sideswipe/Angle,
straight ahead on left/right) was not intending to change its lane;
3. the vehicle on the left (Sideswipe/Angle, straight ahead on left/right) was not
intending to change its lane, and the vehicle on the right (Sideswipe/Angle,
changing lanes to the left) was changing lanes to the left, and
4. the vehicle on the left (Sideswipe/Angle, changing lanes to the right) was
changing lanes to the right, and the vehicle on the right (Sideswipe/Angle,
changing lanes to the left) was changing lanes to the left.
In addition, when:
1. the right sides of the two vehicles impact following a 180 degree rotation of the
vehicle on the right, or
2. the left sides of the two vehicles impact following a 180 degree rotation of the
vehicle on the left.
Select the appropriate combination depending upon:
1. their positions (i.e., left versus right) and
2. the intended lane of travel (straight ahead versus changing lanes) of their drivers.

700

2015

PC23
44 Sideswipe/Angle: Straight Ahead on Left
See discussion under Configuration F. Sideswipe/Angle, above for
an explanation of when this attribute applies.

45 Sideswipe/Angle: Straight Ahead on Left/Right
See discussion under Configuration F. Sideswipe/Angle, above for
an explanation of when this attribute applies.

46 Sideswipe/Angle: Changing Lanes to the Right
See discussion under Configuration F. Sideswipe/Angle, above for an
explanation of when this attribute applies.
47 Sideswipe/Angle: Changing Lanes to the Left
See discussion under Configuration F. Sideswipe/Angle, above for an
explanation of when this attribute applies.
48 Sideswipe/Angle: Specifics Other
Use Sideswipe/Angle: Specifics Other if one vehicle was behind the other prior
to a sideswipe/angle collision occurring while both vehicles were traveling on the
same trafficway and in the same direction.
For example, use this code when two vehicles are on the same trafficway and
going the same direction, and one loses control and is struck in the side by the front of the
other vehicle. However, if one vehicle rotates such that the impact is front to front, then use
code “98” (Other crash type).
Use Sideswipe/Angle: Specifics Other for crashes involving a driverless in-transport vehicle.
49 Sideswipe/Angle: Specifics Unknown
Use Sideswipe/Angle: Specifics Unknown for sideswipe/angle collisions that
occur while both vehicles are traveling on the same trafficway and in the same
direction, when no further classification is possible.

2015

701

PC23

Category III. Same Trafficway, Opposite Direction
Configuration G. Head-On
The frontal area of one vehicle impacted the frontal area of another.
50 Head-On: Lateral Move (Left/Right)
Use Head-On: Lateral Move (Left/Right) for a vehicle that LEAVES ITS
LANE [moves laterally (sideways)] immediately before colliding head-on
with another vehicle, when the vehicles are traveling on the same
trafficway in opposite directions.
51 Head-On: Lateral Move (Going Straight)
Use Head-On: Lateral Move (Going Straight) for a vehicle that collides
head-on with another vehicle which has IMMEDIATELY LEFT ITS LANE
(moved laterally), when the vehicles are traveling on the same trafficway
in opposite directions.
52 Head-On: Specifics Other
Use Head-On: Specifics Other for a head-on collision that cannot be described
by “50-51”, when the vehicles are traveling on the same trafficway in opposite
directions. Clarification: Enter “52” for both vehicles involved in a head-on
collision when one is traveling the wrong way on a one way roadway.
Enter “Specifics Other” for crashes involving a driverless in-transport vehicle.
53 Head-On: Specifics Unknown
Use Head-On: Specifics Unknown when the PAR indicates a head-on
collision occurred between two vehicles traveling on the same trafficway in
opposite directions, when no further classification is possible.

Configuration H. Forward Impact
The frontal area of one vehicle impacted the frontal area of another following a steering
maneuver around a noninvolved vehicle or an object.

702

2015

PC23
54 Forward Impact: Control/Traction Loss
Use Forward Impact: Control/Traction Loss for a vehicle whose frontal
area impacts another vehicle due to loss of control or traction (during a
maneuver to avoid a collision with a third vehicle) while the vehicles are
traveling on the same trafficway in opposite directions.

55 Forward Impact: Control/Traction Loss
Use Forward Impact: Control/Traction Loss for a vehicle that is impacted
by the frontal area of another vehicle due to loss of control or traction
(during a maneuver to avoid a collision with a third vehicle) while the
vehicles are traveling on the same trafficway in opposite directions.

56 Forward Impact: Control/Traction Loss
Use Forward Impact: Control/Traction Loss for a vehicle whose frontal area
impacts another vehicle due to loss of control or traction (during a maneuver to
avoid a collision with an object) while the vehicles are traveling on the same
trafficway in opposite directions.

57 Forward Impact: Control/Traction Loss
Use Forward Impact: Control/Traction Loss for a vehicle that is impacted
by the frontal area of another vehicle due to loss of control or traction (during
a maneuver to avoid a collision with an object) while the vehicles are traveling
on the same trafficway in opposite directions.

58 Forward Impact: Avoid Collision with Vehicle
Use Forward Impact: Avoid Collision with Vehicle for a vehicle whose
frontal area impacts another vehicle while maneuvering to avoid a collision
with a non-involved vehicle, when loss of control or traction was not a factor,
and the vehicles were traveling on the same trafficway, in opposite directions.

2015

703

PC23
59 Forward Impact: Avoid Collision with Vehicle
Use Forward Impact: Avoid Collision with Vehicle for a vehicle that was
impacted by the frontal area of another vehicle which was maneuvering to
avoid collision with a non-involved vehicle, when loss of control or traction
was not a factor, and the vehicles were traveling on the same trafficway, in
opposite directions.
60 Forward Impact: Avoid Collision with Object
Use Forward Impact: Avoid Collision with Object for a vehicle that struck
the front of another vehicle with the frontal plane while maneuvering to
avoid collision with an object, when loss of control or traction was not a
factor, and the vehicles were traveling on the same trafficway, in opposite
directions.
61 Forward Impact: Avoid Collision with Object
Use Forward Impact: Avoid Collision with Object for a vehicle that was
impacted by the frontal area of another vehicle that was maneuvering to
avoid collision with an object, when loss of control or traction was not a
factor, and the vehicles were traveling on the same trafficway, in opposite
directions.
62 Forward Impact: Specifics Other
Use Forward Impact: Specifics Other for forward impact collisions occurring
while the vehicles were traveling on the same trafficway in opposite directions
that cannot be described by “54-61”. Enter “Specifics Other” for crashes
involving a "driverless in-transport vehicle."

63 Forward Impact: Specifics Unknown
Use Forward Impact: Specifics Unknown when the PAR indicates a forward
impact collision occurred while the vehicles were traveling on the same trafficway
in opposite directions, but no further classification is possible.

704

2015

PC23

Configuration I. Sideswipe/Angle
The two vehicles are involved in an impact involving the side of one or both vehicles.
64 Sideswipe/Angle: Lateral Move (Left/Right)
Use Sideswipe/Angle: Lateral Move (Left/Right) identifies the vehicle
which infringed upon the other vehicle (code “65”) in a Category III,
Configuration I collision; i.e., enter “64” for the vehicle which left its lane
(moved laterally) leading to the collision.
65 Sideswipe/Angle: Lateral Move (Going Straight)
Use Sideswipe/Angle: Lateral Move (Going Straight) for the vehicle
that was infringed upon by the other vehicle (code “64”) in a Category
III, Configuration I collision.

66 Sideswipe/Angle: Specifics Other
Use Sideswipe/Angle: Specifics Other for sideswipe/angle collisions
occurring while both vehicles were traveling on the same trafficway in opposite
directions that cannot be described by “64-65”. Enter “Specifics Other” for
crashes involving a “driverless in-transport vehicle.” However, if one vehicle
rotates such that the impact is front to front or front to rear, and did not result
from a steering maneuver around a noninvolved vehicle or an object (category
H) then use code 98 (Other Crash Type).
67 Sideswipe/Angle: Specifics Unknown
Use Sideswipe/Angle: Specifics Unknown when the PAR indicates a
sideswipe/angle collision occurred while both vehicles were traveling on the
same trafficway in opposite directions, but no further classification is possible.

2015

705

PC23

Category IV. Changing Trafficway, Vehicle Turning
Configuration J. Turn Across Path
The two vehicles were initially on the same trafficway when one vehicle tried to turn onto
another trafficway, a driveway or parking lot and pulled in front of the other vehicle. Vehicles
making a "U" turn are identified in Category VI. Miscellaneous.
68 Turn Across Path: Initial Opposite Directions (Left/Right)
Use Turn Across Path: Initial Opposite Directions (Left/Right) identifies
the vehicle which turned across the path of another vehicle (Turn Across
Path: Initial Opposite Directions [Going Straight]) in a Category IV,
Configuration J collision, in which the vehicles were initially traveling in
opposite directions.
69 Turn Across Path: Initial Opposite Directions (Going Straight)
Use Turn Across Path: Initial Opposite Directions (Going Straight) for a
vehicle involved in a collision in which another vehicle (Turn Across Path:
Initial Opposite Directions [Left/Right]) across its Path, and in which the
vehicles were initially traveling in opposite directions.
70 Turn Across Path: Initial Same Directions (Turning Right)
Use Turn Across Path: Initial Same Directions (Turning Right) for
a vehicle that turned right, across the path of another vehicle (Turn
Across Path: Initial Same Directions [Going Straight]), when both
vehicles were initially traveling in the same direction.

70
71

71 Turn Across Path: Initial Same Directions (Going Straight)

706

Turn Across Path: Initial Same Directions (Going Straight) for a
vehicle whose path was crossed by a vehicle turning right (Turn
Across Path: Initial Same Directions (Turning Right), when both
vehicles were initially traveling in the same direction.

2015

PC23
72 Turn Across Path: Initial Same Directions (Turning Left)
Use Turn Across Path: Initial Same Directions (Turning Left) for a
vehicle that turned left, across the path of another vehicle (Turn
Across Path: Initial Same Directions [Going Straight]), when both
vehicles were initially traveling in the same direction.
73 Turn Across Path: Initial Same Directions (Going Straight)
Use Turn Across Path: Initial Same Directions (Going Straight)” for
a vehicle whose path was crossed by a vehicle turning left (Turn
Across Path: Initial Same Directions [Turning Left]), when both
vehicles were initially traveling in the same direction.
74 Turn Across Path: Specifics Other
Use Turn Across Path: Specifics Other for collisions in which one vehicle turned
across another's path, which cannot be described by “68-72”. Enter “Specifics
Other” for crashes involving a driverless in-transport vehicle.

75 Turn Across Path: Specifics Unknown
Use Turn Across Path: Specifics Unknown when the PAR indicates one
vehicle turned across another's path, causing a collision, but no further
classification is possible.

Configuration K. Turn Into Path
The two vehicles were initially on different trafficways when one attempted to turn into the
same trafficway as the other vehicle. For the purposes of Crash Typing, “trafficway” as used
here includes a driveway or parking lot.
Note: the focus of this configuration is on the turning maneuver from one trafficway to another
and not on the vehicles' plane of contact.
76 Turn Into Same Direction (Turning Left)

77
76

TURN INTO SAME DIRECTION

2015

Use Turn Into Same Direction (Turning Left) for a vehicle that
turned left, into the path of another vehicle (Turn Into Same
Direction [Going Straight]), so that both vehicles were traveling
in the same direction at the time of the collision.

707

PC23
77 Turn Into Same Direction (Going Straight)

77
76
TURN INTO SAME DIRECTION

Use Turn Into Same Direction (Going Straight) for a vehicle
involved in a collision in which another vehicle (Turn Into Same
Direction [Turning Left]) turned left, into its path, so that both
vehicles were traveling in the same direction at the time of the
collision.

78 Turn Into Same Direction (Turning Right)

79
78

TURN INTO SAME DIRECTION

Use Turn Into Same Direction (Turning Right) for a vehicle
that turned right, into the path of another vehicle (Turn Into
Same Direction [Going Straight]), so that both vehicles were
traveling in the same direction at the time of the collision.

79 Turn Into Same Direction (Going Straight)

79
78

TURN INTO SAME DIRECTION

Use Turn Into Same Direction (Going Straight) for a vehicle
involved in a collision in which another vehicle (Turn Into Same
Direction [Turning Right]) turned right, into its path, so that
both vehicles were traveling in the same direction at the time of
the collision.

80 Turn Into Opposite Directions (Turning Right)

TURN INTO OPPOSITE DIRECTIONS

Use Turn Into Opposite Directions (Turning Right) for a Into
Opposite Directions [Going Straight]), so that the vehicles
were traveling in opposite directions at the time of the collision.

81 Turn Into Opposite Directions (Going Straight)

TURN INTO OPPOSITE DIRECTIONS

708

Use Turn Into Opposite Directions (Going Straight) for a
vehicle involved in a collision in which another vehicle (Turn
Into Opposite Directions [Turning Right]) turned right, into its
path, so that the vehicles were traveling in opposite directions at
the time of the collision.

2015

PC23
82 Turn Into Opposite Directions (Turning Left)

TURN INTO OPPOSITE DIRECTIONS

Use Turn Into Opposite Directions (Turning Left) for a
vehicle that turned left, into the path of another vehicle (Turn
Into Opposite Directions [Going Straight]), so that the
vehicles were traveling in opposite directions at the time of the
collision.

Turn Into Opposite Directions (Turning Left) is used when the driver's vehicle was in the act
of making a left turn (e.g., from a driveway, parking lot or intersection). Do not confuse this
situation with “Configuration L - Straight Paths.” The driver's intended path is the prime
concern.
83 Turn Into Opposite Directions (Going Straight)

TURN INTO OPPOSITE DIRECTIONS

Use Turn Into Opposite Directions (Going Straight) for a
vehicle involved in a collision in which another vehicle (Turn Into
Opposite Directions [Turning Left]) turned left, into its path, so
that the vehicles were traveling in opposite directions at the time
of the collision.

84 Turn Into Path: Specifics Other
Use Turn Into Path: Specifics Other for collisions in which one vehicle turned
across another's path, which cannot be described by “76-83”. Enter “Specifics
Other” for crashes involving a driverless in-transport vehicle.

85 Turn Into Path: Specifics Unknown
Use Turn Into Path: Specifics Unknown when the PAR indicates one vehicle
turned
into another's path, causing a collision, but no further classification is possible.

Category V. Intersecting Paths (Vehicle Damage)
Configuration L. Straight Paths
The two vehicles were proceeding (or attempting to proceed) straight ahead.

2015

709

PC23
86 Straight Paths: Striking from the Right
Use Straight Paths: Striking from the Right for a vehicle that strikes the
right side of another vehicle (code “87”) from the right when both vehicles
were going straight at the time of the collision, i.e., right side damage to 87,
front damage to 86.

87 Straight Paths: Struck on the Right
Use Straight Paths: Struck on the Right for a vehicle that is struck on
the right side by another vehicle (Straight Paths: Striking from the
Right) from the right when both vehicles were going straight at the time of
the collision, i.e., right side damage to 87, front damage to 86.

88 Straight Paths: Striking from the Left
Use Straight Paths: Striking from the Left for a vehicle that strikes
another vehicle (Straight Paths: Struck on the Left) from the left when
both vehicles were going straight at the time of the collision, i.e., left side
damage to 89, front damage to 88.

89 Straight Paths: Struck on the Left
Use Straight Paths: Struck on the Left for a vehicle that is struck on the
left side by another vehicle (Straight Paths: Striking from the Left) from
the left when both vehicles were going straight at the time of the collision,
i.e., left side damage to 89, front damage to 88.

90 Straight Paths: Specifics Other
Use Straight Paths: Specifics Other for collisions in which two vehicles, both
going straight, collide when their paths intersect, which cannot be described by
“86-89”. Enter “Specifics Other” for crashes involving a driverless in-transport
vehicle.

710

2015

PC23
91 Straight Paths: Specifics Unknown
Use Straight Paths: Specifics Unknown when the PAR indicates two
vehicles, both going straight, collided when their paths intersected, but no
further classification is possible.

Category VI. Miscellaneous
Configuration M. Backing, Etc.
One of the two vehicles involved was a backing vehicle, regardless of its location on the
trafficway or the damage location on the vehicles.
Any crash configuration that cannot be described in Category I. through V. is included here.
92 Backing, Etc.: Backing Vehicle
Use Backing, Etc.: Backing Vehicle for a backing vehicle which was
involved with another vehicle object or non-motorist. If both vehicles
were backing then code 92 for both vehicles. If the vehicle was
driverless and rolling backwards use 98 (Other Crash Type).
93 Backing, Etc.: Other Vehicle
Use Backing, Etc.: Other Vehicle for the in-transport vehicle that was
involved with the backing vehicle (code 92). Attribute 93 can only
apply when there are two motor vehicles in-transport.

98 Other Crash Type
Other Crash Type is used for those events and collisions that do not
reasonably fit any of the specified types. This code includes (but is not
limited to): rollovers on the road; U-turns; crashes initiated by objects setin-motion by an in-transport motor vehicle; third or subsequent vehicles
involved in a crash; or the second involved vehicle, when the first harmful
event involves a vehicle-to-object collision or a non-collision.

2015

711

PC23
99 Unknown Crash Type
Use Unknown Crash Type when the crash category or configuration is
unknown.

00 No Impact
No Impact identifies the non-collision events fire, immersion, gas
inhalation, jackknife, injured in vehicle, pavement surface irregularity,
other non-collision, thrown or falling object, cargo equipment loss or shift,
or fell/jumped from vehicle. Rollovers on the road should be coded Other
Crash Type.
The following crash types require clarification:
No impact identifies non-collision events (i.e., fire, immersion, gas inhalation, jackknife, noncollision injury, other non-collision or non-collision - no details). Rollovers on the road should
be coded as Other Crash Type.
Right roadside departure, drive off road and Left roadside departure, drive off road are
used when the vehicle departed the road under a controlled situation (e.g., the driver was
distracted, fell asleep, intentionally departed, etc.).
Right roadside departure, control/traction loss and Left roadside departure,
control/traction loss are used if there is some evidence that the vehicle lost traction or in
some other manner “got away” from the driver (i.e., the vehicle spun off the road as a result of
surface conditions, oversteer phenomena or mechanical malfunctions). If doubt exists, use
Right roadside departure, drive off road or Left roadside departure, drive off road
respectively.
Right roadside departure; avoid collision with vehicle, pedestrian, animal and Left
roadside departure; avoid collision with vehicle, pedestrian, animal are used when the
vehicle departed the road as a result of avoiding something in the road. “Phantom” situations
are included here.
Right roadside departure, specifics other and Left roadside departure, specifics other
are used for any other stationary or nonstationary objects if the avoidance characteristics of
codes “03” or “08” are present.

712

2015

PC23
Forward impact, parked vehicle, Forward impact, stationary object, and Forward impact,
pedestrian/animal involves an impact with an object that can be located on either side of the
road.
Forward impact, stationary object includes a hole in the road, an overhead object (e.g.,
overpass) or an object projecting over the road edge (e.g., support column of elevated
railway).
Forward impact, pedestrian/animal is used when a pedestrian, non-motorist or animal is
involved with the first harmful event. Vehicle plane of contact is not a consideration.
Forward impact, specifics other is used for impacted (striking or struck) trains and
nonstationary objects on the road.
Sideswipe/Angle, straight ahead on left, Sideswipe/Angle, straight ahead on left/right,
Sideswipe/Angle, changing lanes to the right, and Sideswipe/Angle, changing lanes to
the left identify relative vehicle positions (left versus right) and lane of travel intentions (straight
ahead versus changing lanes).
From these four codes, four combinations are permitted. They are:
1. “44” and “45”,
2. “46” and “45”,
3. “45” and “47”, and
4. “46” and “47”.
When used as a combination these codes refer to a sideswipe or angle collision which
involved a vehicle to the left of a vehicle to the right where:
1. neither vehicle (codes “44” and “45”) intended to change its lane;
2. the vehicle on the left (code “46”) was changing lanes to the right, and the
vehicle on the right (code “45”) was not intending to change its lane;
3. the vehicle on the left (code “45” ) was not intending to change its lane, and
the vehicle on the right (code “47”) was changing lanes to the left; and
4. the vehicle on the left (code “46”) was changing lanes to the right, and the
vehicle on the right (code “47”) was changing lanes to the left.
In addition, when:
1. the right sides of the two vehicles impact following a 180 degree rotation of
the vehicle on the right, or
2. the left sides of the two vehicles impact following a 180 degree rotation of the
vehicle on the left; select the appropriate combination (“44-45”, “46-45”,
“45-47” or “46-47”) depending upon:
2015

713

PC23

3. their positions (i.e., left versus right), and
4. the intended lane of travel (straight ahead versus changing lanes) of their
drivers.
Sideswipe/Angle, specifics other is used if one vehicle was behind the other prior to their
Category II, Configuration F collision. For example, use this code when two vehicles are on the
same trafficway and going the same direction, and one loses control and is struck in the side
by the front of the other vehicle. However, if one vehicle rotates such that the impact is front to
front, then use code "98" (Other crash type).
Sideswipe/Angle, lateral move-infringing vehicle identifies the vehicle that infringed upon
the other (code 65) in a Category III, Configuration I collision.
Codes 68 through 85 (Turn Across Path and Turn Into Path) are used in Configurations J
and K where the vehicle's action is the controlling factor, and the plane of contact is irrelevant.
Left Turn Into Opposite Direction is used when the driver's vehicle was in the act of making
a left turn (e.g., from a driveway, parking lot or intersection). Do not confuse this situation with
Configuration L. Straight Paths. The driver's intended path is the prime concern.
Codes 86 through 89 (Straight Paths) must not be confused with crash types in Configuration
K. Turn Into Path. For these codes the vehicles are proceeding (or attempting to proceed)
straight ahead, usually at a junction.
Other Crash Type is used for those events and collisions that do not reasonably fit any of the
specified types. This code includes (but is not limited to): rollovers on the road; U-turns;
crashes initiated by objects set-in-motion by an in-transport motor vehicle; third or subsequent
vehicles involved in a crash; or the second involved vehicle when the first harmful event
involved a vehicle-to-object collision.
Consistency Checks:
IF

THEN

(253P)

RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals
03,

(3B1P)

CRASH TYPE equals 21-23,

(3B2P)

CRASH TYPE equals 20, 24, 28, 34,
36, 38, 40, 50-54, 56, 58 or 60,
CRASH TYPE equals 21-23, 25-27,
29-31, 35, 37, 39 or 41,

CRASH TYPE should equal 06-10, 98 or
99 for the in-transport vehicles involved
in the first harmful event.
TRAVEL SPEED must equal 000 for this
vehicle.
AREA OF IMPACT-INITIAL CONTACT
POINT must equal 12 for this vehicle.
AREAS OF IMPACT-INITIAL CONTACT
POINT must equal 6 for this vehicle.

(3B3P)

714

2015

PC23
IF
(3B4P)

(3B6P)

PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR
TO RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL
EVENT) equals 10,
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR
TO RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL
EVENT) equals 11,
CRASH TYPE equals 87,

(3B7P)

CRASH TYPE equals 89,

(3BAP)

UNIT TYPE equals 1, and DRIVER
PRESENCE equals 0,

(3B5P)

(3BCP) CRASH TYPE equals 34, 36, 38, 40,
54, 56, 58 or 60,
(3BDP) CRASH TYPE equals 46, 47, and
ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE
MANEUVER equals 01 or 99,
(3BEP) CRASH TYPE equals 01 or 06, and
ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE
MANEUVER equals 01,
(3BFP) PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR
TO RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL
EVENT) equals 08 or 09,
(3C00) CRASH TYPE equals 68, 72, 76 or
82,
(3C10)

CRASH TYPE equals 70, 78 or 80,

(3C20)

this vehicle is involved in the First
Harmful Event and its CRASH TYPE
equals 29-31,
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR
TO RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL
EVENT) equals 12,
CRASH TYPE equals 46,

(3C30)
(3C40)

2015

THEN
CRASH TYPE must not equal 44-69,
71-73, 76, 77, 79, 81-83, 86-92.
CRASH TYPE must not equal 44-67,
69-71, 73, 77-81, 83, 86-92.
AREAS OF IMPACT-INITIAL CONTACT
POINT must equal 01-05, 81-83 for this
vehicle.
AREAS OF IMPACT-INTIAL CONTACT
POINT must equal 07-11, 61-63 for this
vehicle.
CRASH TYPE must equal 00, 04, 09,
15, 32, 42, 48, 52, 62, 66, 74, 84, 90,
93 or 98.
DRIVER MANEUVERED TO AVOID
must not equal 00.
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
RECONITION OF CRITICAL EVENT)
must not equal 01.
PRE-IMPACT STABILITY should not
equal 2-5 or 7.
CRASH TYPE must not equal 46 or 47.
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT)
should equal 11 or 98.
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT)
should equal 10 or 98.
this vehicle’s PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT
(PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF
CRITICAL EVENT) should equal 02.
CRASH TYPE should equal 98.
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT)
should equal 06, 15, 16, or
ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE
MANEUVER should equal 07, 09 or 12.

715

PC23
IF
(3C50)

CRASH TYPE equals 92,

(3C60)

CRASH TYPE equals 25-27, 29-31,

(3C70)

PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR
TO RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL
EVENT) equals 13,
CRASH TYPE equals 47,

(3C80)

(3D50)

CRASH TYPE equals 20-49, and
ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE
MANEUVER equals 00, 01,
CRASH TYPE equals 50-67, and
ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE
MANEUVER equals 00, 01,
PRE-IMPACT STABILITY equals 1,

(3D60)

CRASH TYPE equals 46 or 47,

(426P)

MANNER OF COLLISION equals 02,

(427P)

MANNER OF COLLISION equals 06,

(428P)

CRASH TYPE equals 20-91,

(429P)
(42BP)

NUMBER OF VEHICLE FORMS
SUBMITTED equals 001,
there is only one vehicle involved in
the First Harmful Event where UNIT
TYPE equals 1,

(77AP)

CRASH TYPE equals 14,

(3D00)
(3D10)

716

THEN
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT)
should equal 08, 09, 13, 98, 99.
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT)
should not equal 05 or 07.
CRASH TYPE should equal 92 or 98.
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT)
should equal 06, 15, 16, or
ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE
MANEUVER should equal 06, 08 or 11.
CRITICAL EVENT – PRECRASH
(EVENT) should not equal 12-14, 54,
66-68, 71-73 or 80-85.
CRITICAL EVENT – PRECRASH
(EVENT) should not equal 12-14, 51-53,
60, 61, 65, 66, 70, 71, 80-85 or 87-92.
CRASH TYPE should not equal 02, 07,
34, 36, 54 or 56.
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT)
should not equal 01.
CRASH TYPE must not equal
64-67 for the vehicles involved in the first
harmful event.
CRASH TYPE must not equal 20-43 or
50-53 for the vehicles involved in the first
harmful event.
NUMBER OF VEHICLE FORMS
SUBMITTED must be greater than 001.
CRASH TYPE must equal 00, 01-16, 92,
98, 99.
the number of vehicles where CRASH
TYPE is coded 00, 1-16, 92, 93 or 99
(excluding from the vehicles being
counted, those where CRASH TYPE
equals 98) must not equal 0 or be
greater than 1.
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) must not
equal 02.

2015

PC23
IF
(77BP)

CRASH TYPE equals 68-91,

(77CP)

CRASH TYPE equals 14,

(9BAP)

MANNER OF COLLISION equals 07,
and PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT
(PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF
CRITICAL EVENT) equals 10 or 11
for neither one of the vehicles involved
in the first harmful event,
(9BCP) MANNER OF COLLISION equals 08,
and PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT
(PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF
CRITICAL EVENT) equals 10 or 11
for neither one of the vehicles involved
in the first harmful event,
(9BDP) MANNER OF COLLISION equals 01,
(A3C0)

FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
02-07,16, 44, 51, 72,

(A3D0)
(A3E0)

FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
01-07, 16, 44, 51, 72,
CRASH TYPE equals 13,

(A480)

CRASH TYPE equals 00,

(A4A0)

CRASH TYPE equals 01-16,

(A4B0)

CRASH TYPE equals 01-10 or 14,

(A4B2)

CRASH TYPE equals 11,

(A4B3)

CRASH TYPE equals 12 or 13,

(A4B4)

CRASH TYPE equals 12 or 13,

2015

THEN
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) should
not equal 01.
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) should
equal 01, 03, 19.
CRASH TYPE should equal 44-49,
98, 99 for the vehicles involved in the
first harmful event.

CRASH TYPE should equal 64-67,
98, 99 for the vehicles involved in the
first harmful event.

CRASH TYPE should not equal 44-49
for the vehicles involved in the first
harmful event.
CRASH TYPE must equal 00 for the
vehicle involved in the first harmful
event.
CRASH TYPE must not equal 20-91.
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT must equal
08, 09, 11, 15 or 49.
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT must equal
02-07, 16, 44, 51, 72.
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT must not
equal 12.
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY must
not equal 01, 02, 07 or 11. If the first
harmful event occurs on a different
road than the road it departed, see 98
(Other Crash Type).
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY must
not equal 01, 03, 04, 05, 08, 10 or 11.
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY must
not equal 03, 05, 08 or 10.
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY should
not equal 4 unless the First Harmful
Event occurs in a bicycle lane.

717

PC23
IF
(A4BP)

FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 54
or 55,

(A4DP) CRASH TYPE equals 20-91,
(A4EP) CRASH TYPE equals 11,
(A60F)

FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 14,

(A61F)

FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
08, 09, 11, 15, 49, and RELATION TO
TRAFFICWAY equals 01, 02, 07, 11,
and PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT
(PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF
CRITICAL EVENT) is not equal to 00,
13 for the vehicle involved in the first
harmful event,
the FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
08, and PERSON TYPE equals 05,
and NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT
THE TIME OF CRASH equals 21, 22,
24, 25, 28, and the NUMBER OF
MOTOR VEHICLE STRIKING NONMOTORIST is involved in the first
harmful event,
the FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
09, and PERSON TYPE equals 06,
07, and NON-MOTORIST LOCATION
AT THE TIME OF CRASH equals 21,
22, 24, 25, 28, and the NUMBER OF
MOTOR VEHICLE STRIKING NONMOTORIST is involved in the first
harmful event,
the FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
15, and PERSON TYPE equals 08,
and NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT
THE TIME OF CRASH equals 21, 22,
24, 25, 28, and the NUMBER OF
MOTOR VEHICLE STRIKING NONMOTORIST is involved in the first
harmful event,

(A61G)

(A61H)

(A61J)

718

THEN
CRASH TYPE must equal 98 for the
vehicles involved in the first harmful
event.
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT must equal
12.
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT must equal
14.
CRASH TYPE must equal 01-11, 14,
15, 92, 98, 99.
CRASH TYPE should equal 13 for the
vehicle involved in the first harmful
event.

CRASH TYPE should not equal 13 for
this vehicle.

2015

PC23
IF
(A61K)

(A620)
(A62F)
(A63F)
(A65F)

(A66F)

(A67F)

(AZ2P)

(B13P)

2015

the FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
49, and PERSON TYPE equals 04,
and NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT
THE TIME OF CRASH equals 21, 22,
24, 25, 28, and the NUMBER OF
MOTOR VEHICLE STRIKING NONMOTORIST is involved in the first
harmful event,
CRASH TYPE equals 06-10, and
TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION equals
3,
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 18,
43 or 73, and RELATION TO
TRAFFICWAY equals 01 or 11,
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 01,

THEN
CRASH TYPE should not equal 13 for
this vehicle.

RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY should
equal 03.

CRASH TYPE should equal 12 or 15 for
the vehicle involved in the first harmful
event.
CRASH TYPE should equal 01-10,
98, 99 for the vehicle involved in the first
harmful event.
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 14, CRASH TYPE should equal 15, 92 or
and RELATED FACTORS - PERSON 98 for the in-transport vehicle
involved in the First Harmful Event.
(MV OCCUPANT) LEVEL equals 32
or 89 for an occupant of the parked
vehicle involved in the first harmful
event,
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 14, RELATED FACTORS - PERSON (MV
OCCUPANT) LEVEL must not equal
and CRASH TYPE equals 01-10 or
32 or 89 for any occupant of the
14,
parked vehicle involved in the First
Harmful Event.
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 14, RELATED FACTORS - PERSON (MV
OCCUPANT) LEVEL should equal 32
and CRASH TYPE equals 15,
or 89 for an occupant of the parked
vehicle.
CRASH TYPE must equal 14 for the
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT does not
vehicle involved in the first harmful
equal 02-07, 16, 44, 51, 72, and
event.
CRITICAL EVENT-PRECRASH
(EVENT) equals 14, and
ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE
MANEUVER equals 01,
CRITICAL EVENT-PRECRASH
CRASH TYPE equals 20-49, and
(EVENT) should not equal 12-14, 54,
ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE
66-68, 71-73 or 80-85.
MANEUVER equals 00-01,

719

PC23
IF
(B15P)

(B16P)

(BZ80)

(BZ90)

(BZ91)

(FA1F)
(FP2F)
(V533)
(V700)
(V79P)

720

CRITICAL EVENT-PRECRASH
(EVENT) equals 91, and
ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE
MANEUVER equals 00, 01,
CRITICAL EVENT-PRECRASH
(EVENT) equals 90, and
ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE
MANEUVER equals 01, and the
vehicle is involved in the first harmful
event,
MANNER OF COLLISION equals 00,

THEN
CRASH TYPE should equal 15.

CRASH TYPE should equal 12 or 15.

CRASH TYPE must equal 00, 01-16, 92,
98, 99 for the vehicle in the first harmful
event.
at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
CRASH TYPE equals 01-05, and
PRE-IMPACT LOCATION is not equal prior to the first harmful event must
equal 63.
to 0 or 5,
at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
CRASH TYPE equals 06-10, and
PRE-IMPACT LOCATION is not equal prior to the first harmful event must
equal 64.
to 0 or 5,
CRASH TYPE for all in-transport vehicles not involved in the first harmful event
must equal 98.
UNIT TYPE equals 1, and CRASH TYPE equals blank, case status is flawed.
CRASH TYPE equals 03, 08, 38, 40,
ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE
58 or 60,
MANEUVER must not equal 00 or 01.
ROLLOVER equals 2,
CRASH TYPE should equal 01-10, 14,
98 or 99 for this vehicle.
ROLLOVER equals 2, and FIRST
CRASH TYPE must equal 01-10, 14, 15
HARMFUL EVENT equals 01,
or 98 for the vehicle involved in the first
harmful event.

2015

VEHICLE NUMBER – PERSON LEVEL (MV OCCUPANT)
FORMAT: 3 numeric
SAS NAME: Vehicle.VEH_NO; Person.VEH_NO; Parkwork.VEH_NO
ELEMENT VALUES:
001-999
Definition: This element identifies the vehicle number associated with this motor vehicle
occupant.
Remarks:
001-999 is used for motor vehicle occupants (In-Transport, Parked/Stopped Off Roadway/
Working Motor Vehicles and Motor Vehicles in Motion Outside the Trafficway).
Persons ejected or who fall from a motor vehicle in-transport are still considered occupants of
that vehicle for the duration of the unstabilized situation.
Consistency Check:
IF
(CSI5)

2015

VEHICLE NUMBER at the Person
Level is greater than 000,

THEN
VEHICLE NUMBER at the Person Level
must equal a VEHICLE NUMBER at the
Vehicle Level.

721

THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

722

2015

P4/NM3

PERSON NUMBER
FORMAT: 3 numeric
SAS NAME: Person.PER_NO
ELEMENT VALUES:
001-999

Assigned Number/ Computer Assigned

Definition: This element identifies a number for the motor vehicle occupant in consecutive
order for the vehicle they occupied.
Remarks:
Person Number is assigned using the PAR's person number.
Person Level (Motor Vehicle Occupant) must be numbered consecutively beginning with “001”
for each motor vehicle occupant. Drivers do not have to be “001.” Numbers must not be
skipped.
Person Level (Not a Motor Vehicle Occupant) must be numbered consecutively beginning with
“001” for persons not in motor vehicles. Numbers must not be skipped.
Consistency Check:
IF
(CSI6)

2015

THEN

For each VEHICLE NUMBER, PERSON NUMBERS must be consecutive,
beginning with 001 and with no gaps.

723

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724

2015

P5/NM5

AGE
FORMAT: 3 numeric
SAS NAME: Person.Age
ELEMENT VALUES:
000
001-120
998
999

Blank
Less than One Year
Actual Age*
Not Reported
Unknown

Definition: This element identifies the persons age, in years, with respect to the person's last
birthday.
Remarks:
If the case materials do not show the age of injured or uninjured drivers or passengers and
there is no other information about age, e.g., in the narrative/diagram, then use 998 (Not
Reported).
998 (Not Reported)
If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable,
then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”.
Code 998 (Not Reported) in these two situations:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the information
to code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials)
2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case
materials).
* Values greater than “094” are unlikely occurrences, and they will raise an error flag.
* Values greater than “120” are not permitted.
999 (Unknown) is used if the investigating officer indicates that this occupant’s age is
unknown.

2015

725

P5/NM5
FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION:
For drivers, verify age with data on Licensing File. Licensing data takes precedence over
crash report data.
Consistency Checks:
IF

THEN
AGE must not be less than 002.
BODY TYPE must not equal 01-12,
14-17, 19-22, 28-33, 39-42, 45, 48-52,
55, 58-67, 71, 72, 78-83, 89, 92, 93.
BODY TYPE should equal 88, 91.

(7P0F)
(8P0P)

PERSON TYPE equals 01,
PERSON TYPE equals 01, and AGE
is less than 008,

(8P1P)

(D620)

PERSON TYPE equals 01, and AGE
is less than 008,
PERSON TYPE equals 01, and
RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER
LEVEL equals 12,
NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS equals
1-4, 6, or COMMERCIAL MOTOR
VEHICLE LICENSE STATUS equals
1-8, and PERSON TYPE equals 01,
NON-CDL LICENSE TYPE equals 7,

(D630)

NON-CDL LICENSE TYPE equals 2,

(D640)

AGE equals 014-017, and PERSON
TYPE equals 01,
AGE equals 018-120, and PERSON
TYPE equals 01,and NON-CDL
LICENSE STATUS does not equal 0,
AGE should not be less than 012.
PERSON TYPE equals 01,
AGE should be less than 010, or equal
PERSON TYPE equals 02, 03, 09,
to 998 or 999.
and RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET
USE equals 04, 10-12,
BODY TYPE should not equal 90.
PERSON TYPE equals 01, and AGE
is less than 009,
FATAL INJURY AT WORK should equal
AGE is less than 012, and INJURY
0.
SEVERITY equals 4,
UNLIKELY: AGE should not be greater than 094, unless equal to 998, 999.
UNLIKELY: HIT-AND-RUN equals 0 or 9, and AGE equals 999.

(9L0F)
(D060)

(D650)
(P010)
(P020)
(P180)
(P1A0)
(U120)
(U360)

726

SEX must equal 2, and AGE must be
greater than 012.
AGE should not be less than 015.

AGE (for the driver) should equal
014-016.
AGE (for the driver) should equal
015-017.
NON-CDL LICENSE TYPE should equal
2, 7.
NON-CDL LICENSE TYPE should equal
1.

2015

P5/NM5
Consistency Check (FARS Only):
IF
(5W0P) RELATED FACTORS-PERSON
LEVEL equals 18,

2015

THEN
SEX must equal 2, and AGE must be
greater than 012.

727

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728

2015

P6/NM6

SEX
FORMAT: 1 numeric
SAS NAME: Person.Sex
ELEMENT VALUES:
1
2
8
9

Male
Female
Not Reported
Unknown

Definition: This element identifies the sex of the person involved in the crash
Remarks:
If the case materials do not show the sex of injured or uninjured drivers or passengers and
there is no other information about sex, e.g., in the narrative/diagram, then use 8 (Not
Reported).
8 (Not Reported)
If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable,
then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”.
Code 8 (Not Reported) in these two situations:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the information
to code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials)
2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case
materials).
9 (Unknown) is used if the investigating officer indicates that this occupant’s sex is unknown.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(9L0F)

2015

PERSON TYPE equals 01, and
RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER
LEVEL equals 12,

THEN
SEX must equal 2, and AGE must be
greater than 012.
729

P6/NM6
IF
(U340)

THEN

UNLIKELY: HIT-AND-RUN equals 0 or 9, and SEX equals 9.

Consistency Checks (FARS Only):
IF
(5W0P) RELATED FACTORS-PERSON
LEVEL equals 18,

730

THEN
SEX must equal 2, and AGE must be
greater than 012.

2015

PERSON TYPE
FORMAT: 2 numeric
SAS NAME: Person.PER_TYP
ELEMENT VALUES:
01
02
03
09

Driver of a Motor Vehicle In-Transport
Passenger of a Motor Vehicle In-Transport
Occupant of a Motor Vehicle Not In-Transport
Unknown Occupant Type in a Motor Vehicle In-Transport

Definition: This element describes the role of this person involved in the crash.
Remarks:
An involved person in a crash must maintain Person Type during the crash. Once the
unstabilized situation begins, a driver, passenger or non-motorist/non-occupant cannot change
Person Type until the accident stabilizes.
If a person is entering or exiting a vehicle before the unstabilized situation begins, try to
determine if the person has successfully changed type before control is lost. (e.g., a pedestrian
getting into an automobile that begins to move, a passenger stepping off of a bus as it begins
to pull away, etc.).
Attributes 01, 02 and 09 are used for occupants of a motor vehicle in-transport. This includes
occupants of motor vehicles that are in motion outside the trafficway.
09 (Unknown Occupant Type in a Motor Vehicle In-Transport) is used when it cannot be
determined if the person was the driver or passenger, but it is known that the person was an
occupant of a motor vehicle in-transport.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(1Q0F)
(2M0F)
(2Q0F)

2015

PERSON TYPE equals 01, and
BODY TYPE equals 80-83, 88, 89,
PERSON TYPE equals 01,
PERSON TYPE equals 02, 03, 09,
and BODY TYPE equals 01, 02, 04,
08, 10, 17, 31-33, 39-41, 45, 48, 90,
91,

THEN
SEATING POSITION must not equal
12-55, 99.
SEATING POSITION must not equal
21-55.
SEATING POSITION must not equal
31-50.

731

P7
IF
(3H0F)

DRIVER PRESENCE equals 1,

(3M0F)

PERSON TYPE equals 01,

(3P0F)
(3Q0F)

PERSON TYPE equals 03-08, 10, 19
PERSON TYPE equals 02, 03, 09,
and BODY TYPE equals 01-16, 17,
19, 20, 22, 28-33, 39, 41, 42, 50-52,
55, 58, 59, 65, 80-83, 88-92, 94, 95,
97,
DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9,

(4H0F)
(4Q0F)
(4Q1F)
(570F)
(5M0F)

PERSON TYPE equals 02, 03, 09,
and BODY TYPE equals 80-83,
88, 89,
PERSON TYPE equals 02, 03, and
BODY TYPE equals 21,
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
05, 06,
PERSON TYPE equals 01,

(5M0G) SPECIAL USE equals 06, and
PERSON TYPE equals 02 or 09,
(5N0F)

PERSON TYPE equals 02,

(5Q0F)

PERSON TYPE equals 02, and
BODY TYPE equals 50-52, 55, 58,
59,
SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals 08,

(5Z0F)
(6Q0F)

732

PERSON TYPE equals 02, 03, 09,
and BODY TYPE equals 60-67,
71, 72, 78, 79,

THEN
there must be one and only one Person
Level form for that vehicle with PERSON
TYPE equal to 01, or there must be no
Person Level form for that vehicle with
PERSON TYPE equal to 01 and at least
two Person Level forms for that vehicle
with PERSON TYPE equal to 09.
RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET USE
must not equal 04, 10-12.
INJURY SEVERITY should not equal 6.
SEATING POSITION must not equal 50.

there must not be a Person Level form
for that vehicle with PERSON TYPE
equal to 01.
SEATING POSITION must not equal 12,
14-19, 22-50.
SEATING POSITION must not equal 50,
52.
at least one PERSON TYPE equal to
01-03, 09 must have INJURY
SEVERITY equal to 1-5 or blank.
all RELATED FACTORS-PERSON
LEVEL must equal 00.
RELATED FACTORS - PERSON (MV
OCCUPANT) LEVEL should equal 86 or
92.
RELATED FACTORS-PERSON LEVEL
(MV Occupant) must not equal 21, 26,
28, 29, 33, 37, 40-42, 44, 45, 47, 51-53,
57-70, 72-78, 80-83, 91.
SEATING POSITION must not equal
11, 21-50, 98, 99.
at least one person must have PERSON
TYPE equal to 05, 10.
SEATING POSITION must not equal
31-49.

2015

P7
IF
(7M0F)

PERSON TYPE equals 03, and
SEATING POSITION does not equal
11,

(7M1F)

PERSON TYPE equals 03, and
SEATING POSITION is not equal to
11 or 13, and INJURY SEVERITY
does not equal 4,
PERSON TYPE equals 01,
PERSON TYPE equals 09, and
BODY TYPE equals 50-52, 55, 58,
59,
any SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals
05, 06,

(7P0F)
(7Q0F)
(7Z0F)

(8P0P)

PERSON TYPE equals 01, and AGE
is less than 008,

(8P1P)
(9A5P)
(9B7P)

PERSON TYPE equals 01, and AGE
is less than 008,
PERSON TYPE equals 03,
UNIT TYPE equals 2-4,

(CL0P)

PERSON TYPE equals 09,

(D060)

NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS equals
1-4, 6, or COMMERCIAL MOTOR
VEHICLE LICENSE STATUS equals
1-8, and PERSON TYPE equals 01,
VIOLATIONS CHARGED equals
11-19, and PERSON TYPE equals
01, 03,

(D090)

(D640)
(D650)
(FP0F)
(P010)

2015

THEN
RELATED FACTORS-PERSON LEVEL
(MV Occupant) must not equal 21, 26,
28, 29, 33, 37, 40-42, 44, 45, 47, 51-53,
57-70, 72-78, 80-83, 91.
DRUG TEST STATUS must not equal 8,
any DRUG TEST TYPE must not equal
6, and any DRUG TEST RESULTS
must not equal 095.
AGE must not be less than 002.
SEATING POSITION must not equal
12-50, 52-54.
at least one occupant of this vehicle
(PERSON TYPES 01, 02, 09) must have
INJURY SEVERITY equal to 1-5, or
blank.
BODY TYPE must not equal 01-12,
14-17, 19-22, 28-33, 39-42, 45, 48-52,
55, 58-67, 71, 72, 78-83, 89, 92, 93.
BODY TYPE should equal 88, 91.
UNIT TYPE must equal 2-4.
PERSON TYPE of all occupants of this
vehicle must equal 03.
RELATED FACTORS-PERSON LEVEL
(MV Occupant) must not equal 21, 26,
28, 29, 33, 37, 40-42, 44, 45, 47, 51, 52,
56-70, 72-78, 80-83, 91.
AGE should not be less than 015.

POLICE REPORTED ALCOHOL
INVOLVEMENT should equal 1, or
POLICE REPORTED DRUG
INVOLVEMENT should equal 1.
NON-CDL LICENSE TYPE should equal
2, 7.
NON-CDL LICENSE TYPE should equal
1.

AGE equals 014-017, and PERSON
TYPE equals 01,
AGE equals 018-120, and PERSON
TYPE equals 01,and NON-CDL
LICENSE STATUS does not equal 0,
PERSON TYPE is blank, case status is flawed.
PERSON TYPE equals 01,
AGE should not be less than 012.

733

P7
IF
(P01F)

(P030)

PERSON TYPE equals 01-03, 09,
and RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET
USE equals 01-04, 08, 10-12, and
BODY TYPE does not equal 80-89,
PERSON TYPE equals 02, 03, 09,
and RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET
USE equals 04, 10-12,
PERSON TYPE equals 01,

(P040)

PERSON TYPE equals 02, 09,

(P071)

PERSON TYPE equals 02, 04-08, 10,
and INJURY SEVERITY does not
equal 4,

(P072)

PERSON TYPE equals 02, 03, and
INJURY SEVERITY equals 0, and
ALCOHOL TEST RESULT equals
996,
PERSON TYPE equals 02, 04-08, 10,
and INJURY SEVERITY does not
equal 4,

(P020)

(P073)

(P074)

PERSON TYPE equals 02, 04-08, 10,
and INJURY SEVERITY does not
equal 4,

(P075)

PERSON TYPE equals 02, 04-08, 10
or 19, and INJURY SEVERITY does
not equal 4,

(P130)

BODY TYPE equals 60-67, 71, 72,
78, 79, and PERSON TYPE equals
01, 03, and INJURY SEVERITY
equals 4,
PERSON TYPE equals 01, and AGE
is less than 009,

(P180)

734

THEN
EJECTION should equal 0 or 7.

AGE should be less than 010, or equal
to 998 or 999.
SEATING POSITION should not equal
12-19.
SEATING POSITION should not equal
11.
ALCOHOL TEST STATUS should not
equal 9, ALCOHOL TEST TYPE should
not equal 99, and ALCOHOL TEST
RESULT should not equal 999.
POLICE REPORTED ALCOHOL
INVOLVEMENT should equal 0, 8.
DRUG TEST STATUS should not equal
9, and any DRUG TEST TYPE should
not equal 9, and any DRUG TEST
RESULTS should not equal 999.
ALCOHOL TEST STATUS must not
equal 8, ALCOHOL TEST TYPE must
not equal 95, and ALCOHOL TEST
RESULT must not equal 995.
DRUG TEST STATUS must not equal 8,
any DRUG TEST TYPE must not equal
6, and any DRUG TEST RESULTS must
not equal 095.
FATAL INJURY AT WORK should equal
1.
BODY TYPE should not equal 90.

2015

P8/NM8

INJURY SEVERITY
FORMAT: 1 numeric
SAS NAME: Person.Inj_Sev
ELEMENT VALUES:
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
9

No Apparent Injury (O)
Possible Injury (C)
Suspected Minor Injury (B)
Suspected Serious Injury (A)
Fatal Injury (K)
Injured, Severity Unknown
Died Prior to Crash*
Unknown

Definition: This element describes the severity of the injury to this person in the crash.
Remarks:
Enter the police reported injury severity for this person (i.e., occupant, pedestrian or nonmotorist). Most jurisdictions use the KABCO injury coding scheme.
K = Killed
A = Incapacitating Injury
B = Non-incapacitating Injury
C = Possible Injury
O = No Injury
If the police report contains a detailed description of the injuries but does not translate the
injuries into the KABCO codes, use the police method for doing so. For example, injuries that
are considered to be of an incapacitating nature are classified as “A”, Non-incapacitatingevident injuries are classified as “B”, and possible injuries are “C”. Property damage only (i.e.,
no injury) is classified as “O”.
As a general rule, if the PAR is “blank” where the injury severity is assessed and the person
was at the scene during the police investigation, enter 0 (No Injury [O]). If the PAR is “blank”
and the person was not present during the police investigation, enter 9 (Unknown).
0 (No Apparent Injury) is a situation where there is no reason to believe that the person
received any bodily harm from the motor vehicle crash. There is no physical evidence of injury
and the person does not report any change in normal function. Prior to 2013, this attribute was
known as “0 - No Injury”.
2015

735

P8/NM8
1 (Possible Injury) is any injury reported or claimed that is not a fatal injury, suspected serious
injury or suspected minor injury. Examples include: momentary loss of consciousness, claim
of injury limping, complaint of pain or nausea. Possible injuries are those which are reported
by the person or are indicated by his/her behavior, but no wounds or injuries are readily
evident.
2 (Suspected Minor Injury) is any injury that is evident at the scene of the crash, other than
fatal or serious injuries. Examples include lump on the head, abrasions, bruises, minor
lacerations (cuts on the skin surface with minimal bleeding and no exposure of deeper
tissue/muscle). This does not include momentary unconsciousness. (See 1 (Possible Injury)).
Prior to 2013, this attribute was known as “2 - Non-Incapacitating Evident Injury”.
3 (Suspected Serious Injury) is any injury other than fatal which results in one or more of the
following:
 Severe laceration resulting in exposure of underlying tissues/muscle/organs or resulting
in significant loss of blood
 Broken or distorted extremity (arm or leg)
 Crush injuries
 Suspected skull, chest or abdominal injury other than bruises or minor lacerations
 Significant burns (second and third degree burns over 10% or more of the body)
 Unconsciousness when taken from the crash scene
 Paralysis
This does not include limping (the injury cannot be seen). (See 1 (Possible Injury)). Prior to
2013, this attribute was known as “3 - Incapacitating Injury”.
4 (Fatal Injury) A fatal injury is any injury that results in death within 30 days after the motor
vehicle crash in which the injury occurred. If the person did not die at the scene but died within
30 days of the motor vehicle crash in which the injury occurred, the injury classification should
be changed from the attribute previously assigned to the attribute 4 (Fatal Injury).
6 (Died Prior To Crash) refers to non-motor vehicle fatalities that are involved in a motor
vehicle crash; e.g., a heart attack victim, a homicide victim, a suicide or person involved in a
legal intervention that is involved in a motor vehicle traffic crash.
This attribute is used only if the police explicitly states the person died prior to the crash and
the police report indicates the person died as a result of natural causes (e.g., heart attack),
disease, drug overdose or alcohol poisoning, suicide, homicide and legal intervention.
This attribute also applies if the police report indicates that the person died as a result of
natural causes (e.g., heart attack) or disease but is silent about the time of on-set or if on-set is
the result of injuries sustained in the crash.

736

2015

P8/NM8
In suicide incidents, use the following criteria:
1. If the only fatality is the suicide victim and it can be ascertained that the crash was a
suicide, do not code the case.
2. If other fatalities occur, code the case as appropriate. The suicide victim’s Injury
Severity should be coded 6 (Died Prior to Crash) if the death occurred at the time of
the crash (or prior) or 0 (No Apparent Injury) if the death occurred after the crash.
This attribute does not apply if the police report specifically states that the cause of death is a
result of crash-related injury or that on-set occurred after the crash.
* This value is an unlikely occurrence and will raise an edit flag
FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION:
Each case must have at least one Person Level form with Injury Severity attribute 4 (Fatal
injury). See Definition: ANSI D16.1; 2.3.1 and 2.3.2
Consistency Checks:
IF
(1R0P)

(1U1F)

SEATING POSITION equals 51, and
BODY TYPE equals 50-52, 55, 58,
59,
If DIED AT SCENE/EN ROUTE
equals 7, 8,
INJURY SEVERITY equals 4,

(1U2F)
(2U1F)
(2U2F)
(2U3F)

INJURY SEVERITY equals 4,
INJURY SEVERITY is not equal to 4,
INJURY SEVERITY is not equal to 4,
INJURY SEVERITY equals 3,

(3P0F)
(4V1F)

PERSON TYPE equals 03-08, 10, 19,
INJURY SEVERITY equals 4,

(570F)

FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
05, 06,

(7E0P)

INJURY SEVERITY equals 4,

(7E1P)
(7E2P)

INJURY SEVERITY equals 4,
INJURY SEVERITY equals 4,

(1R1P)

2015

THEN
INJURY SEVERITY must not equal 0, 9.
INJURY SEVERITY must equal 4.
DEATH DATE must not equal
88888888.
DEATH TIME must not equal 8888.
DEATH DATE must equal 88888888.
DEATH TIME must equal 8888.
TRANSPORTED TO FIRST MEDICAL
FACILITY BY should not equal 0.
INJURY SEVERITY should not equal 6.
DEATH DATE and DEATH TIME for this
person must be within 720 hours of the
CRASH DATE and CRASH TIME.
at least one PERSON TYPE equal to
01-03, 09 must have INJURY
SEVERITY equal to 1-5, or blank.
DEATH CERTIFICATE NUMBER must
NOT equal 0000-00-000000.
RACE must not equal 00.
HISPANIC ORIGIN must not equal 00.

737

P8/NM8
IF
(7E3P)

INJURY SEVERITY does not equal 4,

(7E3P)

INJURY SEVERITY does not equal 4,

(7F0P)

DEATH CERTIFICATE NUMBER is
not blank or 0000-00-000000,
(7F1P) RACE equals 00,
(7F2P) HISPANIC ORIGIN equals 00,
(7F3P) RACE is not equal to 00, and
HISPANIC ORIGIN is not equal to 00,
(7M1F) PERSON TYPE equals 03, and
SEATING POSITION is not equal to
11 or 13, and INJURY SEVERITY
does not equal 4,
(7R0P) FATAL INJURY AT WORK equals
0, 1, 9,
(7W0P) FATAL INJURY AT WORK equals 8,
(7Z0F) any SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals
05, 06,
(FP8F)
(P071)

(P072)

(P073)

(P074)

(P075)

(P090)

738

THEN
RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN must
equal 00.
RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN must
equal 00.
INJURY SEVERITY must equal 4.
INJURY SEVERITY must not equal 4.
INJURY SEVERITY must not equal 4.
INJURY SEVERITY must equal 4.
DRUG TEST STATUS must not equal 8,
any DRUG TEST TYPE must not equal
6, and any DRUG TEST RESULTS
must not equal 095.
INJURY SEVERITY must equal 4.

INJURY SEVERITY must not equal 4.
at least one occupant of this vehicle
(PERSON TYPES 01, 02, 09) must have
INJURY SEVERITY equal to 1-5, or
blank.
INJURY SEVERITY is blank, case status is flawed.
PERSON TYPE equals 02, 04-08, 10, ALCOHOL TEST STATUS should not
and INJURY SEVERITY does not
equal 9, ALCOHOL TEST TYPE should
equal 4,
not equal 99, and ALCOHOL TEST
RESULT should not equal 999.
PERSON TYPE equals 02, 03, and
POLICE REPORTED ALCOHOL
INJURY SEVERITY equals 0, and
INVOLVEMENT should equal 0, 8.
ALCOHOL TEST RESULT equals
996,
PERSON TYPE equals 02, 04-08, 10, DRUG TEST STATUS should not equal
and INJURY SEVERITY does not
9, and any DRUG TEST TYPE should
equal 4,
not equal 9, and any DRUG TEST
RESULTS should not equal 999.
PERSON TYPE equals 02, 04-08, 10, ALCOHOL TEST STATUS must not
and INJURY SEVERITY does not
equal 8, ALCOHOL TEST TYPE must
equal 4,
not equal 95, and ALCOHOL TEST
RESULT must not equal 995.
PERSON TYPE equals 02, 04-08, 10 DRUG TEST STATUS must not equal 8,
or 19, and INJURY SEVERITY does
any DRUG TEST TYPE must not equal
not equal 4,
6, and any DRUG TEST RESULTS must
not equal 095.
INJURY SEVERITY equals 0,
TRANSPORTED TO FIRST MEDICAL
FACILITY BY must equal 0.
2015

P8/NM8
IF
(P130)

(P1A0)
(P300)
(P53P)
(U160)
(U350)

BODY TYPE equals 60-67, 71, 72,
78, 79, and PERSON TYPE equals
01, 03, and INJURY SEVERITY
equals 4,
AGE is less than 012, and INJURY
SEVERITY equals 4,
POLICE REPORTED ALCOHOL
INVOLVEMENT equals 1, and
INJURY SEVERITY equals 4,
INJURY SEVERITY equals 0-3, 5, 6,

THEN
FATAL INJURY AT WORK should equal
1.
FATAL INJURY AT WORK should equal
0.
ALCOHOL TEST STATUS should not
equal 0, 1.

DIED AT SCENE/EN ROUTE must
equal 0.
UNLIKELY: INJURY SEVERITY equals 6.
UNLIKELY: INJURY SEVERITY equals 1-6, and SEATING POSITION equals
98.

Consistency Checks (GES Only):
IF
(5A4P)

2015

FINAL STRATUM equals 1,

P8/NM8
IF
(5A5P)

FINAL STRATUM equals 5,

(5A6P)

FINAL STRATUM equals 2,

(5A7P)

FINAL STRATUM equals 3,

(5A8P)

FINAL STRATUM equals 4,

(5A9P)

FINAL STRATUM equals 4, and
INJURY SEVERITY equals 1,

THEN
there should exist at least one vehicle
where BODY TYPE equals 01-49, and
UNIT TYPE equals 1, and VEHICLE
REMOVAL equals 2, and INJURY
SEVERITY equals 1, 2, 3 or 5 for at
least one occupant of that vehicle.
there 1) should exist at least one vehicle
where UNIT TYPE equals 1, and
VEHICLE REMOVAL equals 2; or 2)
INJURY SEVERITY should equal
1-5 for at least one person in the crash.
INJURY SEVERITY must equal 2-4 for
at least one person in the crash.
INJURY SEVERITY must not equal 2-4
for any person in the crash.
there should exist no vehicles where
BODY TYPE equals 60-79, and UNIT
TYPE equals 1.

Consistency Check (FARS Only):
IF
(4U0F)

740

THEN

Each original submission must have at least one Person Level form with INJURY
SEVERITY coded 4.

2015

SEATING POSITION
FORMAT: 2 numeric
SAS NAME: Person.Seat_Pos
ELEMENT VALUES:
11
12
13
18
19
21
22
23
28
29
31
32
33
38
39
41
42
43
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
98
99

Front Seat, Left Side
Front Seat, Middle
Front Seat, Right Side
Front Seat, Other
Front Seat, Unknown
Second Seat, Left Side
Second Seat, Middle
Second Seat, Right Side
Second Seat, Other
Second Seat, Unknown
Third Seat, Left Side
Third Seat, Middle
Third Seat, Right Side
Third Seat, Other
Third Seat, Unknown
Fourth Seat, Left Side
Fourth Seat, Middle
Fourth Seat, Right Side
Fourth Seat, Other
Fourth Seat, Unknown
Sleeper Section of Cab (Truck)
Other Passenger in enclosed passenger or cargo area
Other Passenger in unenclosed passenger or cargo area
Other Passenger in passenger or cargo area, unknown whether or not enclosed
Trailing Unit
Riding on Exterior of Vehicle
Not Reported
Unknown

Definition: This element identifies the location of this person in or on the vehicle.
Remarks:
Seating Position is determined by the location of the occupant in relation to the seat row and
the forward longitudinal axis of the vehicle.

2015

741

P9
More than one person may be assigned the same seating position; however, this is allowed
only when a person is sitting on someone’s lap (e.g., child on mother’s lap).
If the PAR does not specifically state that one person was on the lap of another, then see the
discussion below under 18 (Front Seat, Other), 28 (Second Seat, Other), 38 (Third Seat,
Other) and 48 (Fourth Seat, Other).
In seating rows designated for only two passengers, use 11 (Front Seat, Left Side), 13 (Front
Seat, Right Side), 21 (Second Seat, Left Side), 23 (Second Seat, Right Side), 31 (Third
Seat, Left Side), 33 (Third Seat, Right Side), 41 (Fourth Seat, Left Side), 43 (Fourth Seat,
Right Side) or 51 (Other Passenger in enclosed passenger or cargo area).
11 (Front Seat, Left Side) is typically thought of as the driver seating position. This is
also used for an assumed driver of a hit-and-run vehicle unless evidence indicates a different
position for the person or persons. Note: For motorcycle occupants, see passage below.
18 (Front Seat, Other), 28 (Second Seat, Other), 38 (Third Seat, Other) and 48 (Fourth
Seat, Other) are used to record the position of someone sitting on the floor or lying across the
seat. In addition, enter these attributes when two or more persons are sitting abreast of one
another in the same seating location (as opposed to on or in someone’s lap), since only one
occupant can be assigned the seat’s position. If the PAR provides enough specific
information, and only one person was using a restraint, then assign the seat position to the
person using the restraint, If no restraint was used, or both people were sharing a restraint,
then assign the seat position to the older person.
18 (Front Seat, Other) is used if the only seat in the front seating area is a driver’s seat (e.g.,
bucket, pedestal, etc.), and the occupant was in the area but not in the seat. This situation
could occur because of vehicle design or seat removal. The same logic applies to other seat
areas.
50 (Sleeper Section of Cab [Truck]) is used if the occupant’s vehicle is a medium or heavy
truck and has a cab sleeper, and this occupant is in the sleeper section at the time of the
crash.
51 (Other Passenger in Enclosed Passenger or Cargo Area) is used when an occupant is
in the fifth or higher numbered seat row, in an enclosed area where no defined seating exists
or using a fold-down type seat in its folded-down position. This attribute is also used for bus
passengers in undetermined seating (not driver) and for bus occupants that fall from an open
door.
Note: Persons in treatment compartment of an ambulance, code as 51 (Other Passenger in
Enclosed Passenger or Cargo Area). (See examples under Related Factors - Person (MV
Occupant) Level attribute 92 (Person in Ambulance Treatment Compartment).)
Enter 52 (Other Passenger in Unenclosed Passenger or Cargo area) when an occupant is
in the fifth or higher numbered seat area, in an unenclosed area where no defined seating
742

2015

P9
exists or using a fold-down type seat in its folded-down position. Examples include passenger
riding in an open pickup bed, top of open double-decker bus, etc.
If seating in the vehicle is longitudinal rather than lateral, use the basic idea of a vehicle interior
being divided laterally into roughly equal thirds and visualize lateral rows of seats to determine
what seat position is the best descriptor.
If seating in the vehicle is longitudinal rather than lateral, use the basic idea of a vehicle interior
being divided laterally into roughly equal thirds and visualize lateral rows of seats to determine
what seat position is the best descriptor.
For rearward facing seats, use the basic idea described in the previous paragraph to describe
the occupant’s seat position.
If a seat row has more than three designated seat positions, the occupants should have their
positions assigned as usual for the left and right positions, while the two center positions would
be entered as Other (i.e., 18 (Front Seat, Other), 28 (Second Seat, Other), 38 (Third Seat,
Other), 48 (Fourth Seat, Other) or 51 (Other Passenger in Enclosed Passenger or Cargo
Area)) depending upon the seat row.
For BODY TYPE 80-90 (e.g., Motorcycles, ATV/ATC) enter the driver as 11 (Front Seat,
Left Side); sidecar passengers as 13 (Front Seat, Right Side); any seated passengers
behind the driver as 21 (Second Seat, Left Side) and a passenger on the lap of the driver (in
front of) as 11 (Front Seat, Left Side). 55 (Riding on Exterior of Vehicle) is applicable to a
motorcycle or ATC occupant riding on the fenders or handlebars.
54 (Trailing Unit) is used when an occupant is in or on a trailing unit (i.e., Vehicle Trailing, for
this occupant’s vehicle must be coded  1, one or more trailing units).
55 (Riding on Exterior of Vehicle) is used when an occupant is riding on a fender, the boot of
a convertible, etc.
If the case materials do not show the seating row of a passenger and there is no other
information about seating position, e.g., in the narrative/diagram, then use 98 (Not Reported).
98 (Not Reported)
If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable,
then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”.
Code 98 (Not Reported) in these two situations:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the information
to code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials)

2015

743

P9
2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case
materials).
99 (Unknown) is used if the investigating officer indicates that this occupant’s seating position
is unknown.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(1Q0F)

PERSON TYPE equals 01, and BODY
TYPE equals 80-83, 88, 89,
(1R0P) SEATING POSITION equals 51, and
BODY TYPE equals 50-52, 55, 58, 59,
(2M0F) PERSON TYPE equals 01,
(2Q0F)

PERSON TYPE equals 02, 03, 09,
and BODY TYPE equals 01, 02, 04,
08, 10, 17, 31-33, 39-41, 45, 48, 90,
91,
(3Q0F) PERSON TYPE equals 02, 03, 09,
and BODY TYPE equals 01-17,19, 20,
22, 28-33, 39, 41, 42, 50-52, 55, 58,
59, 65, 80-83, 88-92, 94, 95, 97,
(3R0P) AIR BAG DEPLOYED does not equal
00, 98 or 99,
(3S0P) SEATING POSITION equals 55,
(4Q0F) PERSON TYPE equals 02, 03, 09,
and BODY TYPE equals 80-83, 88,
89,
(4Q1F) PERSON TYPE equals 02, 03, and
BODY TYPE equals 21,
(4R0P) SEATING POSITION equals 54,
(5Q0F) PERSON TYPE equals 02, and BODY
TYPE equals 50-52, 55, 58, 59,
(6Q0F) PERSON TYPE equals 02, 03, 09,
and BODY TYPE equals 60-67, 71,
72, 78, 79,
(7M0F) PERSON TYPE equals 03, and
SEATING POSITION does not equal
11,

744

THEN
SEATING POSITION must not equal
12-55, 99.
INJURY SEVERITY must not equal 0, 9.
SEATING POSITION must not equal
21-55.
SEATING POSITION must not equal
31-50.
SEATING POSITION must not equal 50.

SEATING POSITION should not equal
12, 22, 32, 41-55.
EJECTION must equal 8.
SEATING POSITION must not equal 12,
14-19, 22-50.
SEATING POSITION must not equal 50,
52.
VEHICLE TRAILING must not equal 0.
SEATING POSITION must not equal
11, 21-50, 98, 99.
SEATING POSITION must not equal
31-49.
RELATED FACTORS-PERSON LEVEL
(MV Occupant) must not equal 21, 26,
28, 29, 33, 37, 40-42, 44, 45, 47, 51-53,
57-70, 72-78, 80-83, 91.

2015

P9
IF
(7M1F) PERSON TYPE equals 03, and
SEATING POSITION is not equal to
11 or 13, and INJURY SEVERITY
does not equal 4,
(7Q0F) PERSON TYPE equals 09, and BODY
TYPE equals 50-52, 55, 58, 59,
(BP0P) MODEL YEAR is greater than 1999,
and BODY TYPE does not equal
50-52, 58-66, 71-79, 80-83, 88-93, 95,
97, and SEATING POSITION equals
11, 13, 18, 19,
(P030) PERSON TYPE equals 01,
(P040)

PERSON TYPE equals 02, 09,

(P060)

SEATING POSITION equals 18, 28,
38, 48, 50-55,
EJECTION equals 8,

(P094)
(P210)
(P230)
(P260)
(P290)

(P320)
(P330)
(P340)
(U130)
(U350)
(V320)
(V950)

2015

AIR BAG DEPLOYED equals 28,
SEATING POSITION equals 21, 23,
28, 29, 31, 33, 38 or 39, and BODY
TYPE equals 50-97,
SEATING POSITION equals 18-19,

THEN
DRUG TEST STATUS must not equal 8,
any DRUG TEST TYPE must not equal
6, and any DRUG TEST RESULTS
must not equal 095.
SEATING POSITION must not equal
12-50, 52-54.
AIR BAG DEPLOYED should not equal
00.

SEATING POSITION should not equal
12-19.
SEATING POSITION should not equal
11.
RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET USE
should not equal 01, 03.
SEATING POSITION must equal 55, or
BODY TYPE must equal 80-83, 88, 89.
SEATING POSITION should equal 13.
AIR BAG DEPLOYED should equal 00.
AIR BAG DEPLOYED should equal 00,
99.
SEATING POSITION should equal 11,
13, 21, 23, 31 or 33.

AIR BAG DEPLOYED equals 01-03,
07-09, 20, 28, and BODY TYPE
equals 01-49, and MODEL YEAR
equals 1998 or newer,
SEATING POSITION equals 22, 23,
RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET USE
31-53,
must not equal 05, 16, 17, 19, 29.
RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET USE SEATING POSITION should equal
equals 00,
50-55.
SEATING POSITION equals 50,
RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET USE
52-55,
should equal 00.
UNLIKELY: SEATING POSITION equals 41-43, 48.
UNLIKELY: INJURY SEVERITY equals 1-6, and SEATING POSITION equals
98.
BODY TYPE equals 50-52, 55, 58-66, AIR BAG DEPLOYED should equal 00.
71-79, and SEATING POSITION does
not equal 11, 13, 98,
VEHICLE MODEL YEAR is less than
RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET USE
1994, and SEATING POSITION
should not equal 01, 03, and BODY
equals 31, 33, 39,
TYPE should equal 12, 15, 16, 19-21.
745

CAR

VAN

MOTORCYCLE

BUS

SUV

VAN-BASED
BUS

PICKUP/SINGLE TRUCK
(ENCLOSED OR
UNENCLOSED BED)

SEMI WITH
ONE TRAILER

* For van-based buses with a BODY TYPE 21 (Large Van), use the actual seating position if
known, or use code “51” for the 2nd, 3rd & 4th rows, if actual seating position is not known.
746

2015

P10

RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET USE
FORMAT: 2 numeric
SAS NAME: Person.REST_USE
ELEMENT VALUES:
00
07
03
01
02
08
10
11
12
04
05
16
19
17
29
97
98
99

Not Applicable
None Used
Shoulder and Lap Belt Used
Shoulder Belt Only Used
Lap Belt Only Used
Restraint Used - Type Unknown
Child Restraint System - Forward Facing
Child Restraint System - Rear Facing
Booster Seat
Child Restraint Type Unknown
DOT-Compliant Motorcycle Helmet
Helmet, Other than DOT-Compliant Motorcycle Helmet
Helmet, Unknown if DOT-Compliant
No Helmet
Unknown if Helmet Worn
Other
Not Reported
Unknown

Definition: This element records the restraint equipment in use by the occupant, or the
helmet in use by a motorcyclist, at the time of the crash.
Remarks:
Code this element regardless of whether the vehicle is equipped with manual systems,
automatic belts or harnesses, air bags, or any combination of these. Whether the restraint was
manual or automatic will be determined via the VIN. Even if the VIN is unknown, use this rule.
The child restraints/booster seats take precedence over the belt use. For a child in a child
restraint system not using the 5-point harness or in a booster not using the belt restraint code
the child restraint system or booster and indicate mis-use.
00 (Not Applicable) is used when the case material indicates that no restraint was available in
the seat position of this occupant. Use this attribute for persons who are riding in the sleeper
section of the cab of a truck, for persons who are riding on the exterior of the vehicle, and for
persons in unenclosed cargo areas, such as a bed of a pickup truck.

2015

747

P10
07 (None Used) is used when the case materials indicate that the occupant did not use a
restraint. In order to code this value, the case materials first have to indicate that there was a
restraint available and that the occupant of that seat position did not use the available restraint.
In the case of a motorcycle occupant without a helmet, use 17 (No Helmet).
03 (Shoulder and Lap Belt Used) is used when the occupant restraint system consists of
both the shoulder belt and lap belt portions and is connected to a buckle.
01 (Shoulder Belt Only Used) is used for a two-part occupant restraint system and only the
shoulder belt portion is connected to a buckle.
Example:
You are coding a driver in the vehicle that is indicated by the PAR to have an automatic
shoulder harness and a manual belt. The police state that the shoulder harness was
used at the time of the crash, but the lap belt was not. Code as 01 (Shoulder Belt
Only Used).
02 (Lap Belt Only Used) is used when the occupant is using a lap safety belt either because
the motor vehicle is equipped only with a lap belt or because the shoulder belt is not in use.
Note: The presence of an air bag system does not mean that there are no active belts present.
In fact, most air bag equipped vehicles also have some belt restraint system installed in the
seat positions protected by the air bags.
08 (Restraint Used - Type Unknown) is used when the investigating officer indicates that
some type of restraint was in use but the type of restraint is not clear.
The attribute scheme on some PARs may offer a choice, such as “seatbelt/harness” or
“lap/shoulder” but does not distinguish between “lap belt only,” “shoulder belt only,” or
“combination lap and shoulder belt.” If your PAR has such a coding scheme and the officer
checks. e.g.; “seat belt/harness,” then the attribute should be 08 (Restraint Used - Type
Unknown) unless the narrative clarifies which type of restraint was used.
10 (Child Restraint System - Forward Facing) is used when a child passenger is seated in a
forward facing child safety seat. This does not imply correct use or placement of the seat.
11 (Child Restraint System - Rear Facing) is used when a child passenger is seated in a
rearward facing child safety seat. This does not imply correct use or placement of the seat.
12 (Booster Seat) is used when a child passenger is seated in a “belt-positioning seat” that
positions a child on a vehicle seat to improve the fit of the child in a lap and shoulder seat belt
system.
Motorcycle helmets that are compliant with Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards typically
weigh approximately 3 pounds, have an inner liner at least one-inch thick of firm polystyrene
foam, have an inside label that states the manufacturer, model and date of manufacture, and
have a DOT sticker on the back of the helmet.
748

2015

P10
05 (DOT-Compliant Motorcycle Helmet) is a motorcycle helmet that is compliant with
Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards. It must be specifically indicated to be “DOTCompliant” in the case materials to code this attribute, otherwise use 19 (Helmet, Unknown if
DOT-Compliant).
16 (Helmet, Other than DOT-Compliant Motorcycle Helmet) is a motorcycle helmet that is
not a DOT-compliant helmet. This also would include bicycle helmets, skateboard helmets and
novelty helmets.
19 (Helmet, Unknown if DOT-Compliant). A motorcycle helmet was indicated to be worn by
the motorcycle rider, but the investigating officer did not identify if it is a DOT-compliant
motorcycle helmet.
17 (No Helmet) is used when the investigating officer indicates that the occupant of a
motorcycle was not wearing a helmet.
29 (Unknown if Helmet Worn) is used when the case materials specifically indicate helmet
use is unknown for a motorcycle, moped, ATV/ATC, or snowmobile occupant.
97 (Other) is used when the case materials indicated that some other type of restraint not
listed was being used at the time of the crash.
If the case materials do not show the restraint system or helmet use of injured or uninjured
driver or passengers and there is no other information about restraint system or helmet use,
e.g., in the narrative/diagram, then use 98 (Not Reported).
If a PAR data element is coded with the attribute “Other” but the officer does not specify
what this refers to:
1. Code 97 (Other) if the PAR attribute choices can be matched to or include all the
attributes in FARS/GES.
2. Code 98 (Not Reported) if the PAR choices cannot be matched to or include all
the attributes in FARS/GES.
98 (Not Reported)
If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable,
then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”.
Code 98 (Not Reported) in these two situations:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the information
to code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials)
2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other
2015

749

P10
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case
materials).
99 (Unknown) is used when the investigating officer indicates that the restraint system use
was unknown for vehicle occupants other than motorcycle, moped, ATV/ATC, or snowmobile
occupants.
FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION:
Prior to 2007, this data element was called “Restraint” System Use before being changed to
“Protection System Use.” In 2010, this element was changed to Restraint System/Helmet Use
to align with MMUCC.
Guidelines When Police and EMS/M.E. Differ:
Occasionally, information from EMS personnel or medical examiners (M.E.) includes
statements about protection/restraint use or presence. If these people were in a position to
have information when the investigating officer(s) could not (e.g., EMS arrived and removed
victims from vehicles before police arrived or the medical examiner reports definite indications
of belt usage), then the EMS/M.E. assessment may override the PAR assessment of Restraint
System/Helmet Use. Make sure to note the arrival times of Police and EMS before
making a decision.
Rules of thumb are as follows, unless you have information to the contrary:
If the M.E./EMS report that a restraint was used but the PAR/Police report “NOT USED” or
“UNKNOWN,” then accept the EMS/M.E. assessment. On the other hand, if the M.E./EMS
report “NOT USED” but the PAR/Police report that a restraint was used, then try to verify the
police assessment that a restraint was used. If the PAR/Police report that a restraint was used
or was not used but the M.E./EMS report “UNKNOWN,” then accept the Police assessment.
Note: Beginning in 2013, this element’s attributes for collecting data on motorcycle helmets
were modified to conform to the 4th edition of the MMUCC guideline.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(2R0P)
(2R1P)
(2S0P)

750

RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET USE
equals 00-04, 07-12,
ANY INDICATION OF MIS-USE OF
RESTRAINT SYSTEM /HELMET USE
equals 1,
RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET USE
equals 05, 16, 17, 19 or 29,

THEN
BODY TYPE must not equal 80-83,
88, 89, 90, 91.
RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET USE
must equal 01-05, 08-12, 19, 97.
AIR BAG DEPLOYED should equal 00.

2015

P10
IF
(2S1P)

THEN

RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET USE
equals 07, 16 or 17,

ANY INDICATION OF MIS-USE OF
RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET USE
must equal 0.
(3M0F) PERSON TYPE equals 01,
RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET USE
must not equal 04, 10-12.
(981P) BODY TYPE equals 80-83, 88, 89,
RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET USE
90, 91,
must equal 05, 16, 17, 19, 29, 97, 98.
(982P) BODY TYPE does not equal 80-83,
RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET USE
88, 89, 90, 91,
must not equal 05, 16, 17, 19, 29.
(D570) any VIOLATIONS CHARGED equals
not all occupants of this vehicle should
83,
have RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET
USE equal to 01-05, 08, 10-12, 16, 19.
(P01F) PERSON TYPE equals 01-03, 09, and EJECTION should equal 0 or 7.
RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET USE
equals 01-04, 08, 10-12, and BODY
TYPE does not equal 80-89,
(P020) PERSON TYPE equals 02, 03, 09,
AGE should be less than 010, or equal
and RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET
to 998 or 999.
USE equals 04, 10-12,
(P050) EJECTION equals 1,
RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET USE
should not equal 01-04, 08, 10-12.
(P060) SEATING POSITION equals 18, 28,
RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET USE
38, 48, 50-55,
should not equal 01, 03.
(P310) EJECTION equals 1-3, and BODY
RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET USE
TYPE does not equal 90, 91, 97,
must not equal 05, 16, 17, 19, 29.
(P320) SEATING POSITION equals 22, 23,
RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET USE
31-53,
must not equal 05, 16, 17, 19, 29.
(P330) RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET USE SEATING POSITION should equal
equals 00,
50-55.
(P340) SEATING POSITION equals 50,
RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET USE
52-55,
should equal 00.
(U170) UNLIKELY: RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET USE equals 01.
(V050) RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET USE BODY TYPE must equal 80-83, 88-91.
equals 05, 16, 17, 19, 29,
(V950) VEHICLE MODEL YEAR is less than
RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET USE
1994, and SEATING POSITION
should not equal 01, 03, and BODY
equals 31, 33, 39,
TYPE should equal 12, 15, 16, 19-21.
Consistency Check (FARS Only):
IF
(U520)

2015

THEN

UNLIKELY: RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET USE equals 98.

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752

2015

P11

ANY INDICATION OF MIS-USE OF
RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET USE
FORMAT: 1 numeric
SAS NAME: Person.REST_MIS
ELEMENT VALUES:
0
1

No
Yes

Definition: This element indicates any mis-use of the restraint system or helmet used by this
person.
Remarks:
0 (No) is used when the case materials indicate that the restraints or helmet use were not misused. Also, included in 0 (No) is Unknown. If the investigating officer states that the restraints
were being used but it couldn’t be determined if they were mis-used use this attribute
1 (Yes) is used when the case materials indicate that the restraints or helmet use were misused at the time of the crash.
Examples:
 The investigating officer states in the crash report that the driver of Vehicle 1 had the
shoulder belt portion of the seatbelt behind his back.
 The investigating officer states the operator of the motorcycle had the helmet on
backwards.
 The investigating officer states in the crash report that two persons were secured in one
restraint.
 The investigating officer states the child was in a booster seat but not using the vehicles
restraint system.
 The investigating officer states the child restraint system was properly secured however
the child was not using the 5-point harness system.
 The investigating officer states the child restraint system was not properly secured in
the vehicle.
An indication of 1 (Yes) requires a positive response in the case materials, if not default to 0
(No).

2015

753

P11
Consistency Checks:
IF
(2R1P)
(2S1P)

754

ANY INDICATION OF MIS-USE OF
RESTRAINT SYSTEM /HELMET USE
equals 1,
RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET USE
equals 07, 16 or 17,

THEN
RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET USE
must equal 01-05, 08-12, 19, 97.
ANY INDICATION OF MIS-USE OF
RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET USE
must equal 0.

2015

P12

AIR BAG DEPLOYED
FORMAT: 2 numeric
SAS NAME: Person.AIR_BAG
ELEMENT VALUES:
00
01
02
03
07
08
09
20
28
98
99

Not Applicable
Deployed-Front
Deployed-Side (door, seatback)
Deployed-Curtain (roof)
Deployed-Other (knee, air belt, etc.)
Deployed-Combination
Deployment-Unknown Location
Not Deployed
Switched Off
Not Reported
Deployment Unknown

Definition: This element is used to record air bag availability and deployment for this person
as reported in the case materials.
Remarks:
Code this element regardless of the motor vehicle’s Body Type or the age of the motor vehicle.
00 (Not Applicable) is used when the case materials indicate there was no air bag available
for this person. Examples include any of the following terms.
 Not Applicable, No Air bag, Not Equipped, Not Present, None, Not
available/Unavailable, Not Installed
20 (Not Deployed) is used only if the available information indicates the vehicle is equipped
with an air bag (air bags) for this occupant’s position, but it (they) did not deploy in this crash.
01 (Deployed-Front), 02 (Deployed-Side), 03 (Deployed-Curtain), 07 (Deployed-Other), 08
(Deployed-Combination), and 09 (Deployment-Unknown Location) are used only if you
have indication in the available information that an air bag deployed for this occupant’s seat
position (not for others in the vehicle.) There may be multiple air bags available for this
occupant’s seat position. 01 (Deployed-Front), 02 (Deployed-Side) and 03 (DeployedCurtain) are used if case materials indicate that at least one air bag deployed for this person
from only one of these directions. 08 (Deployed-Combination) is used if case materials
indicate that air bags deployed from more than one direction (e.g., SIDE and FRONT) for this

2015

755

P12
seat position. 09 (Deployment-Unknown Location) is used if an air bag did deploy for this
person, but the origin of the air bag is not known.
28 (Switched Off) is used when the case materials indicate that any air bag for this occupant’s
position was manually switched off and did not deploy. This attribute takes precedence over
all other codes for this seating position.
98 (Not Reported)
If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable,
then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”.
Code 98 (Not Reported) in these two situations:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the information
to code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials)
2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case
materials).
99 (Deployment Unknown) is used if the investigating officer indicates that deployment of an
air bag was unknown. This attribute includes both situations where it is unknown if an air bag
was available and situations where it is identified that it is unknown if an available air bag
deployed. This attribute would be applicable to hit and run vehicles that are not identified.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(2S0P)

RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET USE
equals 05, 16, 17, 19 or 29,
(2U0P) BODY TYPE equals 80-83, 88-91,
(3R0P) AIR BAG DEPLOYED does not equal
00, 98 or 99,
(BP0P) MODEL YEAR is greater than 1999,
and BODY TYPE does not equal
50-52, 58-66, 71-79, 80-83, 88-93, 95,
97, and SEATING POSITION equals
11, 13, 18, 19,
(P210) AIR BAG DEPLOYED equals 28,
(P230) SEATING POSITION equals 21, 23,
28, 29, 31, 33, 38 or 39, and BODY
TYPE equals 50-97,

756

THEN
AIR BAG DEPLOYED should equal 00.
AIR BAG DEPLOYED should equal 00.
SEATING POSITION should not equal
12, 22, 32, 41-55.
AIR BAG DEPLOYED should not equal
00.

SEATING POSITION should equal 13.
AIR BAG DEPLOYED should equal 00.

2015

P12
IF
(P260)

SEATING POSITION equals 18, 19,

(P290)

AIR BAG DEPLOYED equals 01-03,
07-09, 20, 28, and BODY TYPE
equals 01-49, and MODEL YEAR
equals 1998 or newer,
BODY TYPE equals 50-52, 55, 58-66,
71-79, and SEATING POSITION does
not equal 11, 13, 98,

(V320)

2015

THEN
AIR BAG DEPLOYED should equal 00,
99.
SEATING POSITION should equal 11,
13, 21, 23, 31 or 33.
AIR BAG DEPLOYED should equal 00.

757

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758

2015

P13

EJECTION
FORMAT: 1 numeric
SAS NAME: Person.Ejection
ELEMENT VALUES:
0
1
2
3
7
8
9

Not Ejected
Totally Ejected
Partially Ejected
Ejected - Unknown Degree
Not Reported
Not Applicable
Unknown if Ejected

Definition: This element describes the ejection status and degree of ejection for this person,
excluding motorcycle occupants.
Remarks:
Ejection refers to situations where forces from an accident cause occupants to be totally
or partially thrown from the vehicle (including the bed of pickup trucks) during the course of the
crash. This includes occupants of jeeps, go carts, snowmobiles, three- or four-wheel ATVs.
Note: This variable excludes occupants of motorcycles.
Partial ejection refers to those instances where some part but not all of an occupant’s body is,
at some time during the crash sequence, outside the occupant compartment.
0 (Not Ejected) is used if the case materials specifically so state for a given occupant. Use this
attribute for occupants of a hit-and-run vehicle, unless the case materials specifically indicate
that an ejection occurred.
If the case materials do not show the ejection status of uninjured drivers or passengers and
there is no other information about ejection, e.g., in the narrative/diagram, then use 7 (Not
Reported).
1 (Totally Ejected) is used when the occupant's body is entirely outside the vehicle but may
be in contact with the vehicle. This includes occupants who are not initially in the seating
compartment of the vehicle (e.g., pickup beds, boot of a convertible and persons riding on
open tailgates).
2 (Partially Ejected) refers to those instances where some part but not all of an occupant's
body is, at some time during the crash sequence, outside the occupant compartment. This
does not apply to occupants who are not initially in the seating compartment of the vehicle
2015

759

P13
(e.g., pickup beds, boot of a convertible and persons riding on open tailgates), since any
ejection for them is coded as 1 (Totally Ejected).
3 (Ejected - Unknown Degree) is used when the case materials indicate that an occupant is
ejected but fails to discriminate between total and partial ejection.
7 (Not Reported)
If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable,
then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”.
Code 7 (Not Reported) in these two situations:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the information
to code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials)
2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case
materials).
8 (Not Applicable) is used for persons who are riding on the exterior of a vehicle or for
motorcycle occupants. Exterior of the vehicle includes running boards, roof, fenders and
bumpers, but not the bed of pickup trucks, open tail gate or boot of a convertible.
Enter 9 (Unknown if Ejected) when the case materials specifically indicate unknown.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(3S0P)
(4S0P)
(6S0P)
(BA0P)
(BB0P)
(BF0F)
(P01F)

(P050)

SEATING POSITION equals 55,
BODY TYPE equals 80-82, 83, 88, 89,
EJECTION equals 1,
EJECTION equals 0, 7, 8 or 9,
EJECTION equals 1-3,
PERSON TYPE equals 04-08, 10, 19,
PERSON TYPE equals 01-03, 09, and
RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET USE
equals 01-04, 08, 10-12, and BODY
TYPE does not equal 80-89,
EJECTION equals 1,

(P094)

EJECTION equals 8,

(P310)

EJECTION equals 1-3, and BODY
TYPE does not equal 90, 91, 97,

760

THEN
EJECTION must equal 8.
EJECTION must equal 8.
EXTRICATION must not equal 1, 9.
EJECTION PATH must equal 0.
EJECTION PATH must equal 1-9.
EJECTION must equal 8.
EJECTION should equal 0 or 7.

RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET USE
should not equal 01-04, 08, 10-12.
SEATING POSITION must equal 55, or
BODY TYPE must equal 80-83, 88, 89.
RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET USE
must not equal 05, 16, 17, 19, 29.
2015

P14

EJECTION PATH
(FARS Only)

FORMAT: 1 numeric
SAS Name: Person.EJ_PATH
ELEMENT VALUES:
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Ejection Path Not Applicable
Through Side Door Opening
Through Side Window
Through Windshield
Through Back Window
Through Back Door/Tailgate Opening
Through Roof Opening (sun-roof, convertible top down)
Through Roof (convertible top up)
Other Path (e.g., back of pick-up truck)
Ejection Path Unknown

Definition: This element identifies the path by which this person was ejected from the vehicle.
Remarks:
0 (Ejection Path Not Applicable) is used when the element EJECTION is coded 0 (Not
Ejected), 7 (Not Reported), 8 (Not Applicable) or 9 (Unknown if Ejected). This attribute is
an auto-fill in MDE.
9 (Ejection Path Unknown) is used for ejected occupants when:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide information
to code ejection path AND no other information is available to code the element
(e.g., narrative, diagram, case materials); or
2. a field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code ejection path, but it has been left blank, AND no other
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case
materials); or
3. the police indicate ejection path is unknown.

2015

761

P14

Use the following table as a guideline:

Ejection Path Guidelines

Path
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

Guideline

Through side door opening
Through side window
Through windshield
Through back window
Through back door/tailgate
opening
Through roof opening
Through roof
Other path
Ejection Path Unknown

all side doors
all side windows, bus side windows
front windshield only
standard rear window, back window of bronco, van
station wagon tailgate, back door of truck, back door of
bronco, van
(sun-roof, convertible top down) t-top, targa top
(convertible top up)
(back of pick-up truck) torn-off roof, car cut in half
driver’s side, unspecified; passenger’s side
unspecified.

Consistency Checks:
IF
(BA0P) EJECTION equals 0, 7, 8 or 9,
(BB0P) EJECTION equals 1-3,

762

THEN
EJECTION PATH must equal 0.
EJECTION PATH must equal 1-9.

2015

P15

EXTRICATION
(FARS Only)

Format: 1 numeric
SAS Name: Person.EXTRICAT
ELEMENT VALUES:
0
1
9

Not Extricated or Not Applicable
Extricated
Unknown

Definition: This element identifies if equipment or other force was used to remove this person
from the vehicle.
Remarks:
Extrication refers to the use of equipment or other force to remove persons from the vehicles;
i.e., more than just lifting or carrying person out of wreckage.
0 (Not Extricated or Not Applicable) is used when no information is provided in the crash
report regarding extrication for this occupant. (i.e., assume that EXTRICATION is not
applicable.) This field is not applicable to motorcycle and ATV/ATC riders.
1 (Extricated) is used when the police officer uses the word “extricated” to indicate occupant
removal. Use of the term “extricated” is sufficient information to use 1 (Extricated) even if no
mention of equipment is made. The only exception to this is if the analyst knows the officer
used the term “extrication” not as intended for the purpose of this element. If the officer uses
the term “pinned” or “wedged” or something similar, then the officer must indicate that
equipment was used to remove the occupant in order to attribute 1 (Extricated).
9 (Unknown) is to be used when the officer states that the occupant is “pinned” or “wedged,”
etc., and suggests that the occupant may have been removed with force, but does not make it
clear whether equipment was used or not.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(5S0P)
(6S0P)

2015

BODY TYPE equals 80-83, 88, 89 or
90,
EJECTION equals 1,

THEN
EXTRICATION must equal 0.
EXTRICATION must not equal 1, 9.

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764

2015

P16/NM15

POLICE REPORTED ALCOHOL INVOLVEMENT
FORMAT: 1 numeric
SAS NAME: Person.DRINKING
ELEMENT VALUES:
0
1
8
9

No (Alcohol Not Involved)
Yes (Alcohol Involved)
Not Reported
Unknown (Police Reported)

Definition: This data element reflects only the judgment of law enforcement as to whether
alcohol was involved or not for this person.
Remarks:
The phrase “alcohol involved” means that alcohol is present in the person or presumed to be
present by the police. Consequently, this data element may not agree with the alcohol test
results for this person. Involvement is not an indication that alcohol was in any way a cause of
the crash.
If the case materials indicate that open or unopened alcoholic beverages were found in the
vehicle, then this information does not by itself constitute involvement unless the police
indicate that this was the basis for a determination of involvement. If the case materials
indicate that a preliminary breath test (PBT) was given and the officer’s judgment contradicts
the preliminary test, the officer’s judgment will be the determining factor.
0 (No [Alcohol Not Involved]) applies if the judgment of law enforcement is that alcohol
is not present.
In some circumstances it is possible for the police to give sufficient information in the report
fields (such as contributing circumstances, driver/pedestrian condition, alcohol presence or
use, alcohol test, etc.) or narrative to indicate that they believe alcohol is not involved without
specifically mentioning “no” alcohol. In such cases, use 0 (No [Alcohol Not Involved]).
However, if there is any question that the officer’s position on alcohol involvement is “no
alcohol” because of lack of information, then use 8 (Not Reported).
1 (Yes [Alcohol Involved]) applies only if the judgment of the law enforcement is that alcohol
was present. For example, the police indicate alcohol involvement via:


2015

a specific data element on the police report form such as Driver Condition,
the police charge the driver with an alcohol-related offense,
765

P16/NM15



the police mention in the narrative section of the report that the person had been
drinking,
the police report has a positive BAC test result (BAC>.00).

Some PARs have a block labeled “Alcohol/Drugs.” If use is indicated, and it cannot be
determined which was used (e.g., narrative, arrest/charged section, etc.), then assume alcohol
is present. If the police report indicates that a driver was charged with DWI/DUI (driving while
intoxicated, driving while impaired or driving under the influence), and no clarification is offered
to indicate if the DWI/DUI was alcohol related or other drug related (e.g., a specific data
element; mentioned in the narrative section; BAC results), then assume alcohol presence.
8 (Not Reported) applies when law enforcement makes no mention of alcohol involvement in
either narrative or data fields. For example, there is a specific location on the police report for
assessment of alcohol but the investigating officer fails to make either a positive or negative
assessment by leaving the field blank. Also use 8 (Not Reported) if no block exists on the
PAR for reporting alcohol presence and no other information is available.
There are instances when the police do not indicate in the PAR whether alcohol was involved
or not, but they do mention that a test was given or ordered. For example, the police may only
say that an evidential test was ordered for a driver without indicating that they suspected
alcohol or providing a result. The use of passive alcohol sensors (PAS) may also be mentioned
as used by the police, without mention of the result. Use 8 (Not Reported) for these instances.
9 (Unknown [Police Reported]) applies when law enforcement indicates in either narrative or
data fields that alcohol involvement is “unknown” for this person. In general, crash reports
have blocks to indicate either positive or negative alcohol involvement. However if a crash
report has a provision for the investigating officer to respond “unknown involvement,” then
enter this attribute. Also enter this attribute for hit-and-run drivers or passengers unless clear
evidence to the contrary exists.
FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION:
Important Guidelines:


Do not change the coding of this element because a positive alcohol test is obtained
from the coroner, medical examiner or state toxicology lab. A positive or negative
BAC test submitted from the toxicology lab or coroner directly to the FARS analyst is
not evidence of the officer’s judgment.



The police accident report, including any supplemental reports or direct contact with
the police are the only valid sources.

When Police-Reported Alcohol Involvement is 8 (Not Reported) or 9 (Unknown [Police
Reported]), Method of Alcohol by Police Determination attributes “1-8” are allowed. However,
this should only happen when the method is stated by the police, but the involvement is not
mentioned at all or stated as unknown.
766

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P16/NM15
Consistency Checks:
IF
(4X4F)

(D090)

(P072)

(P110)
(P200)
(P300)

2015

THEN

POLICE REPORTED ALCOHOL
INVOLVEMENT (P16), or POLICE
REPORTED DRUG INVOLVEMENT
(P19) should equal 1 for this person.
POLICE REPORTED ALCOHOL
VIOLATIONS CHARGED equals
11-19, and PERSON TYPE equals 01, INVOLVEMENT should equal 1, or
03,
POLICE REPORTED DRUG
INVOLVEMENT should equal 1.
POLICE REPORTED ALCOHOL
PERSON TYPE equals 02, 03, and
INVOLVEMENT should equal 0, 8.
INJURY SEVERITY equals 0, and
ALCOHOL TEST RESULT equals
996,
POLICE REPORTED ALCOHOL
METHOD OF ALCOHOL
DETERMINATION BY POLICE equals INVOLVEMENT should equal 0, 1.
1-5, 8,
METHOD OF ALCOHOL DETERMINPOLICE REPORTED ALCOHOL
ATION BY POLICE should equal 9.
INVOLVEMENT equals 8, 9,
POLICE REPORTED ALCOHOL
ALCOHOL TEST STATUS should not
equal 0, 1.
INVOLVEMENT equals 1, and
INJURY SEVERITY equals 4,
any CONDITION (IMPAIRMENT) AT
TIME OF CRASH (D23) equals 09,

767

THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

768

2015

P17/NM16

METHOD OF ALCOHOL DETERMINATION BY POLICE
(FARS Only)

FORMAT: 1 numeric
SAS NAME: Person.ALC_DET
ELEMENT VALUES:
1
2
3
4
5
8
9

Evidential Test (breath, blood, urine)
Preliminary Breath Test (PBT)
Behavioral
Passive Alcohol Sensor (PAS)
Observed
Other (e.g., Saliva test)
Not Reported

Definition: This element describes the method by which the police made the determination as
to whether alcohol was involved or not for this person.
Remarks:
This variable is coded for each person involved in the crash. The Police Accident Report (PAR)
and supplements are the source of information.
The purpose of this variable is to record the method by which the police made the
determination as to whether alcohol was involved or not.
It is used primarily when the Police-Reported Alcohol Involvement variable is coded as 0 (No
[Alcohol Not Involved]) or 1 (Yes [Alcohol Involved]).
Whenever Police-Reported Alcohol Involvement is 0 (No [Alcohol Not Involved]), try to find
out how the police knew this. When Police-Reported Alcohol Involvement is 1 (Yes [Alcohol
Involved]), try to determine how the police knew this.
If Police-Reported Alcohol Involvement is 8 (Not Reported) or 9 (Unknown [Police
Reported]), then Method of Alcohol Determination by Police is 9 (Not Reported). If more than
one method is used by the police to determine alcohol involvement choose the method the
police refer to when they record their assessment. If more than one method is used and they
do not state which method was the basis for their alcohol determination, code the highestranking method used from the hierarchy (the highest ranking is “1”; the lowest is “5”).
1 (Evidential Test [breath, blood, urine]) is used if Police-Reported Alcohol Involvement is 0
(No [Alcohol Not Involved]) or 1 (Yes [Alcohol Involved]) and the police indicate that they
2015

769

P17/NM16
ordered an evidential test and their determination of alcohol involvement was based on the
results of that test.
An evidential test can be a breath test on a state-approved breath test device, a blood test, or
a urine test. No other tests are considered evidential.
Ordering a test is not the same as knowing the results of that test. In order to code that
the police determined their opinion based on an evidential test, there must be
information that the officer had received the test results. If they haven’t received test
results (e.g., results are pending), then their method of determination of alcohol or drug
presence was made using some method other than an evidential test.
2 (Preliminary Breath Test [PBT]) is used if Police-Reported Alcohol Involvement is 0 (No
[Alcohol Not Involved]) or 1 (Yes [Alcohol Involved]) and the police indicate that alcohol
involvement was based upon the results of a preliminary breath test, or PBT. Preliminary
breath testing devices are not yet considered evidential tests, but merely as tools for the police
to help them determine whether alcohol is present or not. Many PBTs only indicate whether
alcohol is present in the breath by pass (green) or fail (red) lights. Other PBTs indicate the
approximate BAC in numbers. Some PBTs are of evidential quality in some States. But if the
device was used only as a preliminary test and not the evidential test, then this value should
be coded.
The key to coding this is the definite indication by the police that a PBT was used and was
the basis (or the clinching evidence) that a driver had been drinking or not.
3 (Behavioral) is used if Police-Reported Alcohol Involvement is 0 (No [Alcohol Not
Involved]) or 1 (Yes [Alcohol Involved]) and the police indicate that the basis for that alcohol
assessment was the behavior by the driver during a field sobriety test.
Examples of field sobriety tests include the gaze nystagmus test, walking in a straight line, one
leg stand, etc.
Do not confuse 3 (Behavioral) with 5 (Observed).
4 (Passive Alcohol Sensor [PAS]) is used if Police-Reported Alcohol Involvement is 0 (No
[Alcohol Not Involved]) or 1 (Yes [Alcohol Involved]) and the police indicate that alcohol
involvement was based upon the results of a passive alcohol sensor, or “sniffer.”
The PAS devices available and in use by police are devices that look like flashlights and when
held within 6 inches of the driver’s mouth will detect alcohol in the breath while the driver is
talking. The PAS is not considered an evidential test nor a PBT. It is not really a test, but a
detector or an extension of the police officer’s senses. The PAS devices are usually
PASS/FAIL indicators with a red light indicating alcohol on the breath.
The key to coding this attribute is the indication by the police that a PAS was used and was the
basis for coding 0 (No) or 1 (Yes) for Police-Reported Alcohol Involvement.
770

2015

P17/NM16

5 (Observed) is used if Police-Reported Alcohol Involvement is 0 (No [Alcohol Not
Involved]) or 1 (Yes [Alcohol Involved]) and the police indicate that the basis for their alcohol
assessment was some observation of the driver. Do Not Confuse 5 (Observed) with 3
(Behavioral).
Examples of observations would be:





smelling alcohol on the driver’s breath
staggering, slurring of speech
the driver admitting he had been drinking
other observations described by the police that would not be considered field sobriety
tests

Be careful not to simply assume that this is the appropriate code when some other method
may have been used (e.g., breath test, PBT, PAS).
8 (Other [e.g., Saliva test]) is used if Police-Reported Alcohol Involvement is 0 (No [Alcohol
Not Involved]) or 1 (Yes [Alcohol Involved]) and the police indicate that the basis for alcohol
determination was something other than the codes “1, 2, 3, 4 and 5” described above.
Examples of Other methods include:
1. results of a saliva test
2. results of other tissue tests
The key to coding this data element is the description by the police of some other method of
alcohol determination that does not fall into codes “1-5.”
If a PAR data element is coded with the attribute “Other” but the officer does not specify
what this refers to:
1. Code 8 (Other [e.g., Saliva test]) if the PAR attribute choices can be matched to or
include all the attributes in FARS/GES.
2. Code 9 (Not Reported) if the PAR choices cannot be matched to or include all the
attributes in FARS/GES.
See the paragraph on the following page regarding Witness Statements.
9 (Not Reported) is coded if Police-Reported Alcohol Involvement is 8 (Not Reported) or 9
(Unknown [Police Reported]). It is also coded if Police-Reported Alcohol Involvement is 0
(No [Alcohol Not Involved]) or 1 (Yes [Alcohol Involved]) and there is no indication in the
police report or any documents as to how the police made the alcohol assessment.
See the paragraph below on Witness Statements.

2015

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P17/NM16
Witness Statements:
Witness Statements may or may not be used by the police to make a determination of alcohol
involvement. If the police did use witness statements alone to make a determination of alcohol
involvement, use 8 (Other).
If the police mention, but did not use witness statements and there is no other indication of
how a determination was made, use 9 (Not Reported).
There are instances when the police do not indicate in the PAR whether alcohol was involved
or not, but they do mention that a test was given or ordered.
FOR EXAMPLE: The police may only say that an evidential test was ordered for a driver
without indicating that they suspected alcohol or what the result was. The use of passive
alcohol sensors (PAS) may also be mentioned as used by the police, without mention of the
result.
Codes 1-8 may be used for Method Of Alcohol Determination by Police when Police-Reported
Alcohol Involvement is coded as 8 (Not Reported) or 9 (Unknown [Police Reported]), if this
fits the case.
This should only happen when the method is stated by the police, but the involvement is not
mentioned at all or stated as unknown.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(P110)
(P200)
(U681)

772

METHOD OF ALCOHOL
DETERMINATION BY POLICE equals
1-5, 8,
POLICE REPORTED ALCOHOL
INVOLVEMENT equals 8, 9,

THEN
POLICE REPORTED ALCOHOL
INVOLVEMENT should equal 0, 1.

METHOD OF ALCOHOL
DETERMINATION BY POLICE should
equal 9.
UNLIKELY: METHOD OF ALCOHOL DETERMINATION BY POLICE equals 8.

2015

P18/NM17

ALCOHOL TEST
FORMAT: 3 sets, 1 set, 1 numeric, 1 set, 2 numeric, 1 set, 3 numeric
SAS NAME: Person.ALC_STATUS, Person.ATST_TYP, Person.ALC_RES
ELEMENT VALUES:
GES

FARS

0
1
2
8
9

Subfield 1 – Test Status
Test Not Given
Test Refused
Test Given
Not Reported
Unknown if Tested

00
01
02
10
03
XX
XX
XX
XX
08
98
95
99

00
01
02
10
03
04
05
06
07
08
98
95
99

Subfield 2 – Test Type
Test Not Given
Blood
Breath Test (AC)
Preliminary Breath Test (PBT)
Urine
Vitreous
Blood Plasma/Serum
Blood Clot
Liver
Other Test Type
Unknown Test Type
Not Reported
Unknown if Tested

000-939
940
996
997
998
995
999

000939
940
996
997
998
995
999

Subfield 3 – Test Result
Actual Value
.94 or Greater
Test Not Given
AC Test Performed, Results Unknown
Positive Reading with No Actual Value
Not Reported
Unknown if Tested

Definition for Alcohol Test Status: This element identifies if an alcohol (ethanol) test was
given to this person.

2015

773

P18/NM17
Definition for Alcohol Test Type: This element identifies the type of the alcohol (ethanol)
test that was used for this person.
Definition for Alcohol Test Result: This element identifies the alcohol (ethanol) test result
for this person.
Remarks:
When completing this element, you must have the data to fill ALL three subfields. Otherwise,
leave all three subfields blank until all the data has been acquired to complete all three
subfields.
For alcohol tests that were initiated but not completed because of a contaminated or
insufficient sample, code:
 Test Status as 2 (Test Given)
 the applicable Test Type,
 and code Test Results as 997(AC Test Performed, Results Unknown).
In a circumstance where the crash report provides results from a lower order test (e.g.,
breath or urine) and blood was also drawn to be tested, but blood test results will not be
received, it is preferred that we record the known result from the breath or urine test
rather than 997 (AC Test Performed, Results Unknown).
Subfield 1 – Test Status indicates whether or not a test was performed on this person to
detect the presence of alcohol (ethanol).
0 (Test Not Given) is used when the case materials indicate an alcohol test was not given.
Most states’ practice is that “live” non-drivers are not routinely tested for alcohol.
Consequently, for live non-drivers MDE will auto-fill Test Status, Test Type, and Test
Result as Test Not Given. If you happen to obtain an alcohol test result for a “live” nondriver, enter Test Status as Test Given and the appropriate test type and results.
1 (Test Refused) is used when the case materials indicate an alcohol test was refused.
2 (Test Given) is used when the case materials indicate an alcohol test was given.
8 (Not Reported)
If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable,
then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”.
Code 8 (Not Reported) in these two situations:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the information
to code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials)
774

2015

P18/NM17
2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case
materials).
9 (Unknown if Tested) is used when the case materials specifically indicated “Unknown if
Tested.”
Subfield 2
If more than one type of test is performed on the same person, a Blood Test is preferred over
other tests. The exception is if you have information that casts clear doubt on the validity or
reliability of the Blood Test when you have results from a test of another type. For example,
the blood test was spoiled or contaminated. In such a case, record the Test Type for the test
with the valid result. Other situations where this may occur include information that:



the test was performed on a live victim unreasonably long after the crash; or
the lab, coroner, or medical examiner expresses doubt in their result from a blood test.

*Note: The attributes Vitreous, Blood Plasma/Serum, Blood Clot, and Liver are not included in
GES as the source document (e.g. Coroner Report, Toxicology Screening) where these Test
Types would be used are not available in a GES sampled PAR.
CODING HIERARCHY: When more than one alcohol test exists, use the following hierarchy:
01 (Blood), 05 (Blood Plasma/Serum), 02 (Breath Test [AC]), 04 (Vitreous), 03 (Urine), 06
(Blood Clot), 07(Liver), 10 (Preliminary Breath Test [PBT]), 08 (Other Test Type).
(Attributes 04-07 do not apply for GES coding purposes.)
In a circumstance where the crash report identifies results from a test (e.g., breath or
urine) but blood was also drawn to be tested, but blood test results will not be received,
it is preferred that we record the known result from the breath or urine test rather than
997 (AC Test Performed, Results Unknown).
01 (Blood) is used when the case materials indicate this was the type of test used to obtain a
BAC.
Note that there are test types for 01 (Blood), 05 (Blood Plasma/Serum) and 06 (Blood Clot).
If the Coroner, Medical Examiner, or State Lab reports that the test was a “blood” test (whole
blood), this most likely does not refer to Blood Plasma or Blood Clot, but you should try to
verify this. If the test was performed on blood, or if you know the results are already converted
to a BLOOD ALCOHOL CONCENTRATION (BAC), then code TEST TYPE as 01 (Blood).
Breath is used when the case materials indicate this was the type of test used to obtain a
BAC.
Breath is used if you have a result from an evidential breath test (a breath test performed on a
State-approved breath test device). Usually, results from a Preliminary Breath Test (PBT)
2015

775

P18/NM17
device are not considered evidential. Some PBTs are of evidential quality in some States; but if
the device was used only as a preliminary test and not an evidential test, then do not use code
02 (Breath Test [AC]).
03 (Urine) is used when the case materials indicate this was the type of test used to
obtain a BAC.
08 (Other Test Type) is used when the case materials indicate a type of test used to obtain a
BAC was recorded as “Other” or is indicated to be of a type other than the available attributes.
This attribute would not apply to behavioral tests (field sobriety) or observations.
If a PAR data element is coded with the attribute “Other” but the officer does not specify
what this refers to:
1. Code 08 (Other Test Type) if the PAR attribute choices can be matched to or
include all the attributes in FARS/GES.
2. Code 95 (Not Reported) if the PAR choices cannot be matched to or include all
the attributes in FARS/GES.
10 (Preliminary Breath Test [PBT]) is used when the case materials indicate this was the
type of test used to obtain a BAC and no other test is available. Update Test Type and
corresponding Result if a PBT is followed by an evidential test, other than a PBT. A breath,
blood or urine test will take precedence over a PBT result unless you have information that
casts clear doubt on the validity or reliability of the Evidential Test AND you have a valid PBT
result to record.


Example 1: You only receive a PBT with an actual value
 Code Test Type “10 – PBT” and Test Result “the actual value received”



Example 2: You only receive a PBT with a “negative” result returned
 Code Test Type “10 – PBT” and Test Result “000”



Example 3: You only receive a PBT with “positive” result, but no actual value
 Code Test Type “10 – PBT” and Test Result code “998 - Positive Reading With No
Actual Value”



Example 4: You receive a PBT with an actual value of .10% and a blood test (whole blood)
from the lab of .08%
 Code Test Type “01 – Blood” and Test Result .080



Example 5: You receive a PBT with an actual value of .10% and a breath test both from
the police of .08%
 Code Test Type “02 – Breathalyzer (BAC)” and Test Result .080

Example 6: You receive a PBT with an actual value of .10% from the police and a blood
test (whole blood) from the state lab indicating a “contaminated” sample.
 Code Test Type “10 – PBT” and Test Result .010
776
2015


P18/NM17
98 (Unknown Test Type) is used when the case materials indicate a test was given and the
type of test is reported as unknown or pending and the type is unobtainable.
95 (Not Reported)
If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable,
then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”.
Code 95 (Not Reported) in these two situations:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the information
to code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials)
2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case
materials).
99 (Unknown if Tested) is used when the case materials specifically indicated “Unknown if
Tested.”
Subfield 3
Beginning in 2015, all three decimal places will be coded in this field. If three decimal
places are not available, code the first two digits and zero fill the remaining place. For
example, a reported BAC of .09 becomes .090.
Prior to 2015, a TEST RESULT of .01 was a low probability and would raise an error flag.
For this reason, any BAC test result reported in 3 decimal places would have been truncated,
not rounded.
997 (AC Test Performed, Results Unknown) refers to alcohol content tests that were
performed but the results are reported as unknown or pending and are unobtainable (includes
a “Contaminated Sample” or “Insufficient Sample”). AC Test Performed, Results Unknown can
be used for any Test Type.
FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION:
As a general coding guideline, do not prematurely use Test Result “AC Test Performed,
Results Unknown.” It is recommended that you leave the information blank for drivers
and non-motorists until the test results are received from the state lab, coroner or police.
You need to be reasonably certain that you will never receive the test results to use
attribute “997” at the time of the initial coding and case entry.
995 (Not Reported)
If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable,
then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”.
2015

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P18/NM17
Code 995 (Not Reported) in these two situations:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the information
to code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials)
2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case
materials).
FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION:
Prior to 2009, the Alcohol Test Result code “95” represented an alcohol test result that
was not provided because the test was refused. This situation was identified using the
element value “95 – Test Refused”. This element value was dropped in 2009 and the
code “95” was reintroduced in 2010 as the element value “995 – Not Reported”.
999 (Unknown if Tested) is used when the case materials specifically indicated “Unknown if
Tested.”
998 (Positive Reading with No Actual Value) can be used for any Test Type code where the
result is indicated to be positive without a numeric value to record. This should only be used
when a final test result is returned as “positive” with no actual result to record. This can occur
when a screening test is used and it is the only test result available. Some PBTs only indicate
whether alcohol is present in the breath by positive (green) or negative (red) lights. Other
PBTs indicate the approximate BAC in numbers. 998 (Positive Reading with No Actual
Value) should be used when a PBT result only indicates “positive” for alcohol, with no actual
BAC value. A negative PBT result should be interpreted as .000.
Before recording this value make sure that this is the final test result and no actual value was
available from a follow-up confirmatory test.
FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION:
Prior to 2006, this attribute read “PBT Positive Reading with No Actual Value” and
was used strictly for recording test results for Preliminary Breath Test devices.
State Law versus Practice: You may be aware that your State laws require testing of certain
classes of crash victims. However, you may also know that the practice in your State is that
the law is not observed. In such cases, you are not bound only by what the law says. You
may consider State practices in your coding decisions.
Example 1: Your state law may require all fatalities to be tested for BAC, but you know that
this does not happen in your State and you are unable to locate alcohol test information for this
person:

778

2015

P18/NM17


In such a case, you cannot rely on the law for your coding decisions. Therefore, you
should use 999 (Unknown If Tested) rather than 997 (AC Test Performed, Results
Unknown), or 996 (Test Not Given). (Test Status equals 9 (Unknown if Tested) and
Test Type equals 99 (Unknown if Tested)).

Example 2: Most states’ practice is that “live” non-drivers are not routinely tested for alcohol.
Consequently, for live non-drivers when there is no mention of a test ordered by the police in
the Police Accident Report (PAR):


Code Test Status as 0 (Test Not Given) and MDE will auto-fill Test Type as 00 (Test
Not Given) and Test Result as 996 (Test Not Given). However, if you happen to
obtain an alcohol test result later, you may enter the appropriate test type and results.

Computed Estimates of BACs:
An expert may calculate an estimate of what the BAC would have been at the time of the crash
(i.e., toxicologist uses the lapse time from crash and the victim’s weight to calculate the BAC).
You may accept these results if the following are all true:




Results were reported by someone with the authority in your state to make this
determination; and
the result is considered official in your state; and
you can support the result with official documentation or it is reported on the PAR (may
vary from state-to-state).

Consistency Checks:
IF
(5T7P)

ALCOHOL TEST STATUS equals 0,
1,

(5T8P)

ALCOHOL TEST STATUS equals 9,

(5T9P)

ALCOHOL TEST STATUS equals 2,

(5TCP) ALCOHOL TEST STATUS equals 8,
(P071)

2015

PERSON TYPE equals 02, 04-08, 10,
and INJURY SEVERITY does not
equal 4,

THEN
ALCOHOL TEST TYPE must equal 00,
and ALCOHOL TEST RESULT must
equal 996.
ALCOHOL TEST TYPE must equal 99,
and ALCOHOL TEST RESULT must
equal 999.
ALCOHOL TEST TYPE must equal
01-10, 95, 98, and ALCOHOL TEST
RESULT must equal 000-940, 997, 998.
ALCOHOL TEST TYPE must equal 95,
and ALCOHOL TEST RESULT must
equal 995.
ALCOHOL TEST STATUS should not
equal 9, ALCOHOL TEST TYPE should
not equal 99, and ALCOHOL TEST
RESULT should not equal 999.

779

P18/NM17
IF
(P074)

(P080)
(P300)

780

THEN

PERSON TYPE equals 02, 04-08, 10,
and INJURY SEVERITY does not
equal 4,

ALCOHOL TEST STATUS must not
equal 8, ALCOHOL TEST TYPE must
not equal 95, and ALCOHOL TEST
RESULT must not equal 995.
ALCOHOL TEST RESULTS should not equal 340-940.
POLICE REPORTED ALCOHOL
ALCOHOL TEST STATUS should not
INVOLVEMENT equals 1, and
equal 0, 1.
INJURY SEVERITY equals 4,

2015

P19/NM18

POLICE REPORTED DRUG INVOLVEMENT
FORMAT: 1 numeric
SAS NAME: Person.DRUGS
ELEMENT VALUES:
0
1
8
9

No (Drugs Not Involved)
Yes (Drugs Involved)
Not Reported
Unknown (Police Reported)

Definition: This data element reflects only the judgment of law enforcement as to whether
drugs were involved or not for this person.
Remarks:
This data element reflects only the judgment of law enforcement as to whether drugs were
involved or not for this person.
The phrase “drug involvement” means that drugs are present in the person or presumed to be
present by the police. This includes prescription and over-the-counter medications, as well as
illicit substances (e.g., marijuana, cocaine, heroin, etc.). It is not an indication that the drug
usage was in any way a cause of the crash.
If case materials indicate that drugs were found in the vehicle, then this information does not
by itself constitute involvement unless the police indicate that this was the basis for a
determination of involvement.
Some PARs have a block labeled “Alcohol/Drugs.” If use is indicated, and it cannot be
determined which was used (e.g., narrative, arrest/charged section, etc.), then assume
alcohol, not drugs. If the police report indicates that a driver was charged with DWI (driving
while intoxicated or driving while impaired) and no clarification is offered to indicate if the DWI
was alcohol related or drug related (e.g., a specific data element, mentioned in the narrative
section, BAC results), then interpret as alcohol presence .
0 (No [Drugs Not Involved]) applies if the judgment of law enforcement is that drugs are not
present.
In some circumstances it is possible for the police to give sufficient information in the report
fields (such as contributing circumstances, driver/pedestrian condition, substance use, drug
test, etc.) or narrative to indicate that they believe drugs are not involved without specifically
mentioning no drugs. In such cases, you may use 0 (No [Drugs Not Involved]). However, if
2015

781

P19/NM18
there is any question that the officer’s position on drug involvement is No because of a lack of
information, then it is best to use 8 (Not Reported).
1 (Yes [Drugs Involved]) applies only if the police assessment is that drugs were present.
For example the police indicate drug involvement via:
 a specific data element on the police report form such as Driver Condition,
 the police charge the driver with an drug related offense,
 the police mention in the narrative section of the report that the person had been
under the influence of a drug
 the police report has a positive test result reported for drugs
8 (Not Reported) applies when law enforcement makes no mention of drug involvement in
either narrative or data fields. For example, there is a specific location on the police report for
assessment of drugs but the investigating officer fails to make either a positive or negative
assessment by leaving the field blank. Also use 8 (Not Reported) if no block exists on the
PAR for reporting drug presence and no other information is available.
There are instances when law enforcement do not indicate in the PAR whether drugs were
involved or not, but they do mention that a test was given or ordered. For example, the police
may only say that an evidential test was ordered for a driver without indicating that they
suspected drugs or providing a result. Use 8 (Not Reported) for these instances.
9 (Unknown [Police Reported]) applies when law enforcement indicate in either narrative or
data fields that drug involvement is “unknown” for this person. In general, police reports have
blocks to indicate either positive or negative drug involvement. However, if a crash report has
a provision for the investigating officer to respond “unknown involvement,” then enter this
attribute. Also enter this attribute for hit-and-run drivers unless clear evidence to the contrary
exists.
FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION:
Important Guidelines:


Do not change the coding of this element because a positive drug test is obtained from
the coroner, medical examiner or state toxicology lab. A positive or negative test result
submitted from the toxicology lab or coroner directly to the FARS analyst is not
evidence of the officer’s judgment.



The crash report, including any supplemental reports or direct contact with law
enforcement, are the only valid sources.

When Police Reported Drug Involvement is 8 (Not Reported) or 9 (Unknown [Police
Reported]), all Method of Drug Determination attributes are allowed. However, this should
only happen when the method is stated by the police, but the involvement is not mentioned at
all or stated as unknown.
782

2015

P19/NM18
Consistency Checks:
IF
(4X4F)

THEN

POLICE REPORTED ALCOHOL
INVOLVEMENT (P16), or POLICE
REPORTED DRUG INVOLVEMENT
(P19) should equal 1 for this person.
POLICE REPORTED DRUG
(BQ0P) METHOD OF DRUG DETERMINATION BY POLICE equals 8,
INVOLVEMENT must equal 0, 1, 8, 9.
POLICE REPORTED DRUG
(BR0P) METHOD OF DRUG DETERMININVOLVEMENT must equal 0, 1, 8.
ATION BY POLICE equals 1-7,
POLICE REPORTED ALCOHOL
(D090) VIOLATIONS CHARGED equals
11-19, and PERSON TYPE equals 01, INVOLVEMENT should equal 1, or
POLICE REPORTED DRUG
03,
INVOLVEMENT should equal 1.
METHOD OF DRUG DETERMINATION
(P140) POLICE REPORTED DRUG
BY POLICE should equal 8.
INVOLVEMENT equals 8, 9,
DRUG TEST STATUS should not equal
(P150) POLICE REPORTED DRUG
0.
INVOLVEMENT equals 1,
not all DRUG TEST RESULTS should
(P160) POLICE REPORTED DRUG
equal 001.
INVOLVEMENT equals 1, and
METHOD OF DRUG DETERMINATION BY POLICE equals 2,
POLICE REPORTED DRUG
(P170) METHOD OF DRUG DETERMININVOLVEMENT should equal 0, 1.
ATION BY POLICE equals 1-7,

2015

any CONDITION (IMPAIRMENT) AT
TIME OF CRASH (D23) equals 09,

783

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784

2015

P20/NM19

METHOD OF DRUG DETERMINATION BY POLICE
(FARS Only)

FORMAT: 1 numeric
SAS NAME: Person.DRUG_DET
ELEMENT VALUES:
1
2
3
7
8

Evidential Test (Blood, Urine)
Drug Recognition Technician (DRT) determination
Behavioral
Other
Not Reported

Definition: This element identifies the method by which the police made the determination as
to whether drugs were involved or not for this person.
Remarks:
This element is coded for each person involved in the crash. The Police Accident Report
(PAR) and supplements are the source of information.
The purpose of this element is to record the method by which the police made the
determination as to whether drugs were involved or not.
It is used primarily when the Police Reported Drug Involvement element is coded as 0 (No
[Drugs Not Involved]) or 1 (Yes [Drugs Involved]).
Whenever Police Reported Drug Involvement is 0 (No [Drugs Not Involved]), try to find out
how the police knew this. When Police Reported Drug Involvement is 1 (Yes [Drugs
Involved]), try to determine how the police knew this.
If Police Reported Drug Involvement is 8 (Not Reported) or 9 (Unknown [Police Reported]),
then Method of Drug Determination by Police is 8 (Not Reported). If more than one method is
used by the police to determine drug involvement choose the method the police refer to when
they record their assessment. If more than one method is used and they do not state which
method was the basis for their determination, code the highest-ranking method used from the
hierarchy (the highest ranking is “1”; the lowest is “7”).
1 (Evidential Test [Blood, Urine]) is used if Police Reported Drug Involvement is 0 (No
[Drugs Not Involved]) or 1 (Yes [Drugs Involved]) and the police indicate that they ordered
an evidential test and their determination of drug involvement was based on the results of that
test.
2015

785

P20/NM19
Ordering a test is not the same as knowing the results of that test. In order to code that
the police determined their opinion based on an evidential test, there must be
information that the officer had received the test results. If they haven’t received test
results (e.g., results are pending), then their method of determination of alcohol or drug
presence was made using some method other than an evidential test.
2 (Drug Recognition Technician [DRT] determination) is used if Police Reported Drug
Involvement is 0 (No [Drugs Not Involved]) or 1 (Yes [Drugs Involved]) and the police
indicate that drug involvement was based upon the results of expert opinion of a person
trained to evaluate a person for drug use.
The key to coding this is the definite indication by the police that a DRT was used and was the
basis (or the clinching evidence) that a driver had been using drugs or not.
3 (Behavioral) is used if Police Reported Drug Involvement is 0 (No [Drugs Not Involved]) or
1 (Yes [Drugs Involved]) and the police indicate that the basis for that drug assessment was
the behavior by the driver during their contact with the person such as a field sobriety test.
7 (Other) is used if Police Reported Drug Involvement is 0 (No [Drugs Not Involved]) or 1
(Yes [Drugs Involved]) and the police indicate that the basis for Drug determination was
something other than the codes “1, 2, or 3” described above.
Examples of 7 (Other) include:
1. Observations of drugs or drug use paraphernalia
2. Detecting the odor of marijuana
3. Admission by the person that they used drugs
If a PAR data element is coded with the attribute “Other” but the officer does not specify
what this refers to:
1. Code 7 (Other) if the PAR attribute choices can be matched to or include all the
attributes in FARS/GES.
2. Code 8 (Not Reported) if the PAR choices cannot be matched to or include all the
attributes in FARS/GES.
8 (Not Reported) is coded if Police-Reported Drug Involvement is 8 (Not Reported) or 9
(Unknown [Police Reported]). It is also coded if Police-Reported Drug Involvement is 0 (No
[Drugs Not Involved]) or 1 (Yes [Drugs Involved]) and there is no indication in the police
report or any documents as to how the police made the drug assessment.
Witness Statements:
Witness Statements may or may not be used by the police to make a determination of drug
involvement. If the police did use witness statements alone to make a determination of drug
involvement, use 7 (Other).

786

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P20/NM19
If the police mention, but did not use witness statements and there is no other indication of
how a determination was made, use 8 (Not Reported).
There are instances when the police do not indicate in the PAR whether drugs were involved
or not, but they do mention that a test was given or ordered.
FOR EXAMPLE: The police may only say that an evidential test was ordered for a driver
without indicating that they suspected drugs or what the result was.
Codes 1-7 may be used for Method Of Drug Determination by Police when Police Reported
Drug Involvement is coded as 8 (Not Reported) or 9 (Unknown [Police Reported]), if this fits
the case.
This should only happen when the method is stated by the police, but the Involvement is not
mentioned at all or stated as unknown.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(BQ0P) METHOD OF DRUG DETERMINATION BY POLICE equals 8,
(BR0P) METHOD OF DRUG DETERMINATION BY POLICE equals 1-7,
(P140) POLICE REPORTED DRUG
INVOLVEMENT equals 8, 9,
(P160) POLICE REPORTED DRUG
INVOLVEMENT equals 1, and
METHOD OF DRUG DETERMINATION BY POLICE equals 2,
(P170) METHOD OF DRUG DETERMINATION BY POLICE equals 1-7,

2015

THEN
POLICE REPORTED DRUG
INVOLVEMENT must equal 0, 1, 8, 9.
POLICE REPORTED DRUG
INVOLVEMENT must equal 0, 1, 8.
METHOD OF DRUG DETERMINATION
BY POLICE should equal 8.
not all DRUG TEST RESULTS should
equal 001.
POLICE REPORTED DRUG
INVOLVEMENT should equal 0, 1.

787

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788

2015

P21/NM20

DRUG TEST
FORMAT: 1 set 1 numeric; 3 sets, 1 numeric, 3 numeric
SAS NAME: Person.DSTATUS, Person.DRUGTST1, Person.DRUGTST2,
Person.DRUGTST3, Person.DRUGRES1, Person.DRUGRES2, Person.DRUGRES3
ELEMENT VALUES:
GES

FARS

0
1
2
8
9

Subfield 1 – Test Status
Test Not Given
Test Refused
Test Given
Not Reported
Unknown if Tested

0
1
2
3
7
8
6
9

Subfield 2 – Test Type
Test Not Given
Blood
Urine
Both: Blood and Urine Tests
Unknown Test Type
Other Test Type
Not Reported
Unknown if Tested

000
001
XXX
XXX
XXX
XXX
XXX
XXX
XXX
XXX
XXX
997
998
095
999

000
001
100-295
300-395
400-495
500-595
600-695
700-795
800-895
900-995
996
997
998
095
999

2015

Subfield 3 – Test Result**
Test Not Given
Tested, No Drugs Found/Negative
Narcotic*
Depressant*
Stimulant*
Hallucinogen*
Cannabinoid*
Phencyclidine (PCP)*
Anabolic Steroid*
Inhalant*
Other Drug
Tested for Drugs, Results Unknown
Tested for Drugs, Drugs Found, Type Unknown/Positive
Not Reported
Unknown If Tested
* See Specific Drug Listings
** Test Result does not include Aspirin, Nicotine or Ethanol.
Alcohols reported other than ethanol would be classified under 996
789

P21/NM20

Remarks:

(Other Drug). In addition, exclude drugs explicitly indicated to
have been administered after the crash. See Remarks below.

When completing this element, you must have the data to fill ALL three subfields. Otherwise,
leave all three subfields blank until all the data has been acquired to complete all three
subfields.
For drug tests that were initiated but not completed because of a contaminated or insufficient
sample, code:
 Test Status as 2 (Test Given)
 the applicable Test Type,
 and code Test Results as 997(Tested for Drugs, Results Unknown).
Subfield 1 - Drug Test Status
Definition for Drug Test Status: This element identifies if a chemical test for the presence of
drugs was given to this person.
0 (Test Not Given) is used when the case materials indicate a drug test was not given. If Test
Status is 0 (Test Not Given) then Test Type and Test Result will also be 0 (Test Not Given)
and 000 (Test Not Given).
Most states’ practice is that “live” non-drivers are not routinely tested for drugs.
Consequently, for live non-drivers MDE will auto-fill Test Status, Test Type, and Test
Result as Test Not Given. If you happen to obtain a drug test result for a “live” nondriver, enter Test Status as Test Given and the appropriate test type and results.
1 (Test Refused) is used when the case materials indicate a drug test was refused. If Test
Status is 1 (Test Refused) then Test Type and Test Result will be 0 (Test Not Given) and 000
(Test Not Given).
2 (Test Given) is used when the case materials indicate a drug test was given.
8 (Not Reported)
If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable,
then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”.
Code 8 (Not Reported) in these two situations:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the information
to code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials)
2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other

790

2015

P21/NM20
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case
materials).
9 (Unknown if Tested) is used when the case materials specifically indicated “Unknown if
Tested.”
Subfield 2 Drug Test Type: You may record up to 3 separate drug test types and their
corresponding result.
Definition for Drug Test Type: This element identifies the type of chemical test for the
presence of drugs that was used for this person.
1 (Blood) is used when the case materials indicate this was the type of test used to detect the
presence of drugs.
2 (Urine) is used when the case materials indicate this was the type of test used to detect the
presence of drugs.
3 (Both: Blood and Urine Tests) is used when the case materials indicate this testing
combination was used to detect the presence of drugs. Typically this would be found on a
toxicology report.
7 (Unknown Test Type) is used when the case materials indicate a test was given and the
type of test is reported as unknown or pending and the type is unobtainable.
8 (Other Test Type) is used when the case materials indicate a type of test used to detect the
presence of drugs was recorded as “Other” or is indicated to be of a type other than the
available attributes.
If a PAR data element is coded with the attribute “Other” but the officer does not specify
what this refers to:
1. Code 8 (Other Test Type) if the PAR attribute choices can be matched to or
include all the attributes in FARS/GES.
2. Code 6 (Not Reported) if the PAR choices cannot be matched to or include all the
attributes in FARS/GES.
6 (Not Reported)
If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable,
then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”.
Code 6 (Not Reported) in these two situations:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the information
to code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials)

2015

791

P21/NM20
2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case
materials).
9 (Unknown if Tested) is used when the case materials specifically indicated “Unknown if
Tested.”
Subfield 3 - Drug Test Result
Definition for Drug Test Result: This element identifies the result of a chemical test for the
presence of drugs for this person.
**NOTE: This element excludes Nicotine, Aspirin and Ethanol. In addition, exclude
drugs explicitly indicated to have been administered after the crash. Alcohols reported
other than ethanol would be classified under 996 (Other Drug).
FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION:
You may record up to 3 separate drug test results and their corresponding test type.
Use the translation table to assign the three-digit code. If the drug is not on the list, use
996 (Other Drug), except for confirmed as “post crash” administered. Caffeine and
mild analgesics are coded 996 (Other Drug). When four or more drugs are present,
use the categories as a hierarchy (ex. narcotics (100-295) over depressants (300-395)
over stimulants (400-495), etc.)
000 (Test Not Given) is used when the case materials indicate a drug test was not given. If
Test Status is 0 (Test Not Given) then Test Type and Test Result will also be 0 (Test Not
Given) and 000 (Test Not Given).
001 (Tested, No Drugs Found/Negative) is used when the case materials indicate that a test
for the presence of drugs was “negative” or that no drugs were found.
997 (Tested for Drugs, Results Unknown) refers to drug tests that were performed but the
results are reported as unknown or pending and are unobtainable. 997 (Tested for Drugs,
Results Unknown) can be used for any Test Type.
FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION:
As a general coding guideline, do not prematurely use Test Result 997 (Tested for
Drugs, Results Unknown). It is recommended that you leave the information blank
until the test results are received from the state lab, coroner or police. You need to be
reasonably certain that you will never receive the test results to use attribute “997” at
the time of the initial coding and case entry. Examples of this situation would be if the
test results are returned indicating a “Contaminated Sample” or “Insufficient Sample.”

792

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P21/NM20
998 (Tested for Drugs, Drugs Found, Type Unknown/Positive) can be used for any Test
Type code where the result is indicated to be positive without an actual drug identified to
record.
This should only be used when a final test result is returned as “positive” with no actual result
to record. This can occur when a screening test is used and it is the only test result available.
Before recording this value make sure that this is the final test result and no actual value was
available from a follow-up confirmatory test.
095 (Not Reported)
If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable,
then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”.
Code 095 (Not Reported) in these two situations:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the information
to code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials)
2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case
materials).
999 (Unknown if Tested) is used when the case materials specifically indicated “Unknown if
Tested.”
Consistency Checks:
IF
(7M1F) PERSON TYPE equals 03, and
SEATING POSITION is not equal to
11 or 13, and INJURY SEVERITY
does not equal 4,
(BT1P) DRUG TEST STATUS equals 0, 1,
(BT2P)

2015

DRUG TEST STATUS equals 8,

THEN
DRUG TEST STATUS must not equal 8,
any DRUG TEST TYPE must not equal
6, and any DRUG TEST RESULTS
must not equal 095.
all DRUG TEST TYPE must equal 0,
and all DRUG TEST RESULT should
equal 000 for this person.
DRUG TEST TYPE 1 must equal 6, and
DRUG TEST RESULT 1 must equal
095, and remaining DRUG TEST
TYPES and DRUG TEST RESULTS
must be 0 filled.

793

P21/NM20
IF

THEN
at least one DRUG TEST TYPE must
equal 1-8, and one corresponding
DRUG TEST RESULT must equal 001,
095, 100-295, 300-395, 400-495,
500-595, 600-695, 700-795, 800-895,
900-995, 996-998.
DRUG TEST TYPE 1 must equal 9, and
DRUG TEST RESULT 1 must equal
999, and remaining DRUG TEST
TYPES and DRUG TEST RESULTS
must be 0 filled.
DRUG TEST RESULT two and three
must not equal 999.

(BT3P)

DRUG TEST STATUS equals 2,

(BT6P)

DRUG TEST STATUS equals 9,

(BT7P)

DRUG TEST STATUS equals 2, and
DRUG TEST RESULT one equals
001, 095, 100-295, 300-395, 400-495,
500-595, 600-695, 700-795, 800-895,
900-995, 996, 997, 998,
More than one of the same DRUG TEST RESULT values must not be coded for
the same person except for 000, 996.
DRUG TEST RESULT 2 and DRUG
DRUG TEST RESULT 1 equals 000,
TEST RESULT 3 must equal 000.
001, 997, 998, 095, or 999,
PERSON TYPE equals 02, 04-08, 10, DRUG TEST STATUS should not equal
9, and any DRUG TEST TYPE should
and INJURY SEVERITY does not
not equal 9, and any DRUG TEST
equal 4,
RESULTS should not equal 999.
PERSON TYPE equals 02, 04-08, 10 DRUG TEST STATUS must not equal 8,
any DRUG TEST TYPE must not equal
or 19, and INJURY SEVERITY does
6, and any DRUG TEST RESULTS must
not equal 4,
not equal 095.
DRUG TEST STATUS should not equal
POLICE REPORTED DRUG
0.
INVOLVEMENT equals 1,
not all DRUG TEST RESULTS should
POLICE REPORTED DRUG
equal 001.
INVOLVEMENT equals 1, and
METHOD OF DRUG DETERMINATION BY POLICE equals 2,

(BT8P)
(BT9P)
(P073)

(P075)

(P150)
(P160)

794

2015

P21/NM20

EXAMPLES FOR INTERPRETING DRUG TESTS
IF YOU HAVE:
A. Both Blood and Urine tests and
the results are the same for both.
Example: Blood – Fentanyl
Urine – Fentanyl

GUIDELINES:
Status Type 1
2
3

Result 1
151

Type 2
0

Result 2
000

Type 3
0

Result 3
000

B. Both Blood and Urine tests and
the results are different for both.
Example: Blood – Hexobarbital
Urine – Cocaine

Status
2

Type 1
1

Result 1
333

Type 2
2

Result 2
407

Type 3
0

Result 3
000

C. Both Blood and Urine tests and
the results are given but not
linked to either tests.
Example: Results – Codeine and
Ibogaine

Status
2

Type 1
6

Result 1
128

Type 2
6

Result 2
509

Type 3
0

Result 3
000

D. Blood or Urine tests and other
test, such as vitreous.
Example: Blood – Diazepam
Vitreous – Cocaine

Status
2

Type 1
1

Result 1
321

Type 2
8

Result 2
407

Type 3
0

Result 3
000

E. Urine test only and the results:
Example: Urine –
Benzodiazepines

Status
2

Type 1
2

Result 1
304

Type 2
0

Result 2
000

Type 3
0

Result 3
000

F. Vitreous and other tests only.
Example: Vitreous –
Amphetamine and Verapamil

Status
2

Type 1
8

Result 1
401

Type 2
8

Result 2
996

Type 3
0

Result 3
000

G. Not tested for drugs.

Status
0

Type 1
0

Result 1
000

Type 2
0

Result 2
000

Type 3
0

Result 3
000

H. Not Reported for drugs

Status
8

Type 1
6

Result 1
095

Type 2
0

Result 2
000

Type 3
0

Result 3
000

Status
9

Type 1
9

Result 1
999

Type 2
0

Result 2
000

Type 3
0

Result 3
000

J. Tested for Drugs, Results
Unknown.
Example: Blood test – Yes
Results – Unavailable

Status
2

Type 1
1

Result 1
997

Type 2
0

Result 2
000

Type 3
0

Result 3
000

K. Tested for Drugs, Drugs
Found, Type of Drug Unknown.
Example: Urine test – Yes
Drugs found – Yes

Status
2

Type 1
2

Result 1
998

Type 2
0

Result 2
000

Type 3
0

Result 3
000

Unknown if tested for drugs.

2015

795

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796

2015

P21/NM20
Alphabetical Drug Index
Acetaminophen + Codeine
Acetorphine
Acetyl-alpha-methylfentanyl
Acetyldihydrocodeine
Acetylmethadol
Aerosols (hydrocarbon)
Alfentanil
Allylprodine
Alpha, Beta-dihydroxy-alphaandrostane
Alphacetylmethadol
Alpha-Ethyltryptamine
Alpha-meprodine
Alpha-methyl-alpha-beta-dihydroxy-alpha-androstane
Alpha-methyl-beta-beta-dihydroxy-alpha-androstane
Alpha-methyl-beta-betadihydroxy-androstene
Alpha-methyl-delta 1dihydrotestosterone
Alpha-Methylfentanyl
Alpha-methylhydroxynandrolone
Alphamethythiofentanyl
Alpha-methyltryptamine
Alphamethadol
Alphaprodine
Alprazolam
Aminorex
Amobarbital
Amobarbital & non-controlled
active ingred.
Amobarbital suppository
dosage form
Amphetamine

100
101
102
103
104
940
105
106
828
220
523
109
829
830
831
832
107
833
108
534
110
111
300
428
301
378
388
401

Amphetamine Sulfate

400

Amphetamine Variants
Amyl Nitrite
Anabolic Steroid, Type
Unknown
Androstanedione
Androstenediol
Androstenedione
Anesthetic Gases
Anileridine
APC + Codeine

500
921

2015

895
834
835
836
920
112
113

Aprobarbital
Aspirin + Codeine

379
114

Barbital
Barbiturates
Barbituric Acid Derivative
Benzethidine
Benzodiazepines
Benzoylecgonine
Benzphetamine
Benzylfentanyl
Benzylmorphine
Beta, beta-dihydroxy-alphaandrostane
Beta-hydroxy-3-methylfentanyl
Beta-hydroxyfentanyl
Beta-meprodine
Betacetylmethadol
Betamethadol
Betaprodine
Bezitramide
Bolasterone
Boldenone
Bromo-dimethoxyamphetamine
Bromo-dimethoxyphenethylamine
Bromazepam
Bufotenine
Buprenorphine
Butabarbital (secbutabarbital)
Butalbital
Butobarbital (butethal)
Butorphanol
Butly Nitrite

302
303
380
115
304
402
403
305
117
837
221
118
120
119
121
122
123
838
800
524
525
306
501
124
307
308
389
218
923

Calusterone
Camazepam
“Cannabinoid, Type Unknown”
Carbamate
Carfentanil
Carisoprodol
Cathine (Norpseudoephedrine)
Cathinone
Chloral betaine
Chloral Hydrate
Chlordiazepoxide
Chlorhexadol

839
309
695
310
125
376
404
429
311
312
313
314

797

P21/NM20
Alphabetical Drug Index
Chloroform
Chlorotestosterone
Chlorphentermine
Clobazam
Clonazepam
Clonitazene

926
801
405
315
316
126

Clorazepate Dipotassium

317

Clortermine
Clostebol
Clotiazepam
Cloxazolam
Coca Leaves

406
827
318
319
430

Cocaine

407

Codeine
Codeine combiniation product
90 mg/du
Codeine preparations – 200 mg/
100 ml or 100 gm
Codeine & Isoquinoline
Codeine methylbromide
Codeine-N-oxide
Cyprenorphine

128

Dehydrochloromethyltestosterone
Delorazepam
Delta 1-dihydrotestosterone
Delta 9
“Depressants, Type Unknown”
Desomorphine
Dexfenfluramine
Dextroamphetamine
Dextromoramide
Dextropropoxyphene
(dosage forms)
Diampromide
Diazepam
Dichloralphenazone
Diethylpropion
Diethylthiambutene
Diethyltryptamine (DET)
Difenoxin
Difenoxin 1 mg/25ug AtSO4/du
Difenoxion preparations –
0.5 mg/25 ug AtSO4/du
Dihydrocodeine
Dihydrocodeine combination
product 90 mg/du
798

240
241
222
127
223
129
803
320
840
600
395
130
383
408
131
224
133
321
431
409
134
503
135
242
243
136
244

Dihydrocodeine preparations
10 mg/100 ml or 100 gm
Dihydroetrophine
Dihydromorphine
Dihydrotestosterone
Dimenoxadol
Dimepheptanol (Racemethadol)
Dimethoxyamphetamine (DMA)
Dimethoxyethylamphetamine
Dimethoxy-(n)-propylthiophenethylamine
Dimethylthiambutene
Dimethyltryptamine (DMT)
Dioxaphetyl Butyrate
Diphenoxylate
Diphenoxylate preparations
2.5 mg/25 ug AtSO4
Dipipanone
Diprenorphine
Diprenorphine Hydrochloride
Dronabinol
Drostanolone
Drotebanol

245
226
137
804
138
139
504
535
536
140
505
141
142
246
143
227
144
507
805
145

Ecgonine
Embutramide
Estazolam
Ethchlorvynol
Ether
Ethinamate
Ethyl Ioflazepate
Ethylmorphine combination
product 15 mg/du
Ethylmorphine preparations
mg/100 ml or 100 gm
Ethylamine
Ethylestrenol
Ethylmethylthiambutene
Ethylmorphine
Etonitazene
Etorphine
Etoxeridine

410
390
322
323
925
324
325

Fencamfamin
Fenethylline

411
412

247
100
248
700
806
146
147
148
149
150

2015

P21/NM20
Alphabetical Drug Index
Fenfluramine
Fenproporex
Fentanyl
Fiorinal + Codeine
Fiorinal
Fludiazepam
Flunitrazepam
Fluoxymesterone
Flurazepam
Formebulone (Formebolone)
Frying Pan Lubricants
Furazabol
Furethidine

413
414
151
152
326
327
328
807
384
808
944
841
153

Gamma Hydroxybutyric (GHB)
Gamma Hydroxybutyric Acid
preparations
Glass Chillers
Glutethimide

377
391
943
330

Hair spray
Halazepam
“Hallucinogens, Type Unknown”
Haloxazolam
Hashish
Hashish Oil
Heroin (Diacetylmorphine) 154
Hexobarbital
Hydrocodone
Hydrocodone & isoquinoline
alkaloid<15 mg/du
Hydrocodone combination
product<15 mg/du
Hydromorphinol
Hydromorphone
Hydroxy-Nortestosterone
Hydroxypethidine
Hydroxytestosterone
Hydroxyzine

250
156
157
842
158
843
334

Ibogaine
“Inhalants, Type Unknown”
Insecticides
Isomethadone
Ketamine
Ketazolam

509
995
942
159
522
335

2015

941
331
595
332
602
601
333
155
249

Ketobemidone

160

Lacquer Thinners
904
Levo-alphacetylmethadol
228
Levomoramide
161
Levophenacylmorphan
162
Levomethorphan
163
Levorphanol
229
Levorphanol Tartrate
164
Lisdexamfetamine
436
Loprazolam
336
Lorazepam
337
Lormetazepam
338
Lysergic Acid
511
Lysergic Acid Amide
527
Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) 528
Marijuana/Marihuana
Marinol

603
604

Mazindol

415

Mebutamate
Mecloqualone
Medazepam
Mefenorex
Meperidine (Pethidine)
Meperidine intermediate-A
Meperidine intermediate-B
Meperidine intermediate-C
Mephobarbital
(Methylphenobarbital)
Meprobamate
Mescaline
Mestanolone
Mesterolone
Metazocine
Methadone
Methadone intermediate
Methamphetamine
Methandienone
Methandranone
Methandriol
Methandrostenolone
Methaqualone
Metharbital
Methcathinone
Methenolone
Methohexital

339
340
341
416
165
251
252
253
342
343
512
844
809
166
167
254
417
810
811
812
813
344
345
432
814
346
799

P21/NM20
Alphabetical Drug Index
Methoxyamphetamine (PMA)
Methoxy-Methylenedioxyamphetamine
Methoxy-NN-disopropyltryptamine
Methylaminorex
Methyldesorphine
Methyldienolone
Methyldihydromorphine
Methyl-dimethoxyamphetamine
Methylenedioxy-Nethylamphetamine
Methylenedioxyamphetamine
(MDA)
Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)
Methylfentanyl
Methylone
Methlphenidate
Methyl-phenylpropionoxypiperidine (MPPP)
Methyltestosterone
Methylthiofentanyl
Methyltrienolone
Methyprylon
Metopon
Mibolerone
Midazolam
Modafinil
Moramide - intermediate
Morpheridine
Morphine
Morphine combination product/
50 mg/100 ml or gm
Morphine methylbromide
Morphine methylsulfonate
Morphine-N-oxide
Myrophine

514

Nabilone
Nalorphine
Nandrolone
“Narcotics, Type Unknown”
N-Benzylpiperazine
N-Ethyl-1-phenylcyclohexylamine

516
179
817
295
439

800

437
537
442
168
845
169
530
531
515
513
170
435
418
171
815
230
846
347
172
816
348
433
173
174
177
255
176
175
231
178

N-Ethyl-3piperdyl benzilate
N-Ethylamphetamine
N-Hydroxymethylenedioxyamphetamine
Nicocodeine
Nicomorphine
Nimetazepam
Nitrazepam
Nitrous Oxide
N-Methylpiperidyl benzilate
N, N-Dimethylamphetamine
(Dimethylamphetamine)
Noracymethadol
Norandrostenediol
Norandrostenedione
Norbolethone
Norclostebol
Nordiazepam
Norethandrolone
Norlevorphanol
Normethadone
Normethandrolone
Normorphine
Norpipanone
Opium
Opium combination product
25 mg/du
Opium extract
Opium fluid extract
Opium, granulated
Opium Poppy
Opium, powdered
Opium preparations – 100 mg/
100 ml or 100 gm
Opium Tincture
Oripavine
“Other”
Oxandrolone
Oxazepam
Oxazolam
Oxycodone
Oxymesterone
Oxymetholone
Oxymorphone

508
419
538
180
181
349
350
924
539
438
182
847
848
849
850
351
818
183
184
851
185
186
187
256
232
233
258
234
259
257
235
260
996
819
352
353
189
820
821
188

533

2015

P21/NM20
Alphabetical Drug Index
Paint and Paint Removers
Para-fluorofentanyl
Parahexyl (Synhexyl)
Paraldehyde
Paregoric
Parepectolin
“PCP, Type Unknown”
Pemoline
Pentazocine
Pentobarbital
Pentobarbital & noncontrolled
active ingred.
Pentobarbital suppository
dosage form
Petrichloral
“Petroleum Products (gasoline,
kerosene)”
Peyote
Phenadoxone
Phenampromide
Phenanthrine
Phenazocine
Phencyclidine
Phencyclidine Analogs
Phenylcyclohexyl-Pyrrolidine
Phenylethyl-phenylacetoxypiperidine (PEPAP)
Phencyclohexylamine
Phendimetrazine
Phenmetrazine
Phenobarbital
Phenomorphan
Phenoperidine
Phentermine
Phenylacetone (P2P)
Phenylcyclohexylamine
Pholcodine
Piminodine
Pinazepam
Piperidinocyclohexanecarbonitrile (PCC)
Pipradrol
Piritramide
Plastic Cement (airplane glue)
Poppy Straw
Poppy Straw Concentrate

2015

902
190
701
354
191
192
795
420
193
355
393
394
356
903
517
195
196
197
198
702
703
709
236
357
421
422
358
199
200
423
518
704
202
203
359
705
424
204
901
237
238

Prazepam
Pregabalin

360
396

Proheptazine
Properidine
Propiram
Propoxyphene (Dextropropoxyphene, bulk (non-dosage
forms))
Propylhexedrine
Psilocybin
Psilocyn
Pyrovalerone
“Pyrrolidine (PCPy, PHP, TCPy)”

205
206
207

208
425
519
520
426
706

Quazepam

361

Racemethorphan
Racemoramide
Racemorphan
Remifentanil

209
210
211
239

Secobarbital
Secobarbital & noncontrolled
active ingred.
Secobarbital suppository
dosage form
Sibutramine
SPA
Stanolone
Stanozolol
Stenbolone
Stimulant compounds
previously excepted
“Stimulants, Type Unknown”
Sufentanil
Sulfondiethylmethane
Sulfonethylmethane
Sulfonmethane

362

Talbutal
Temazepam
Tested; Drugs Found; type
Tested; Results unknown
Testolactone
Testosterone
Tetrahydrocannabinols (THC)

397
398
385
427
822
823
852
440
495
212
363
364
365
366
367
998
997
824
825
605

801

P21/NM20
Alphabetical Drug Index
Tetrahydrogestrinone
Tetrazepam
Thebacon
Thebaine
Thenylfentanyl
Thiamylal
Thienylcyclohexyl]piperidine
Thienyl Cyclohexyl Pyrrolidine
Thiofentanyl
Thiopental(Pentothal)
Thiophene
Tiletamine/Zolazepam (Telazol)
Tilidine
Traizolam

802

853
368
213
214
369
370
708
710
215
371
707
372
216
373

Trenbolone
Trimeperidine
Trimethoxy amphetamine
Tybamate

826
217
521
374

Unknown If Tested For Drugs

999

Vinbarbital
Volatile Solvents (toluene)

434
900

Zaleplon
Zolpidem
Zopiclone

386
387
399

2015

P21/NM20
Drugs by Category Type

100-295 NARCOTICS
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
2015

Acetaminophen + Codeine
Acetorphine
Acetyl-alpha-methylfentanyl
Acetyldihydrocodeine
Acetylmethadol
Alfentanil
Allylprodine
Alpha-Methylfentanyl
Alphamethythiofentanyl
Alpha-meprodine
Alphamethadol
Alphaprodine
Anileridine
APC + Codeine
Aspirin + Codeine
Benzylmorphine
Beta-hydroxyfentanyl
Betacetylmethadol
Beta-meprodine
Betamethadol
Betaprodine
Bezitramide
Buprenorphine
Carfentanil
Clonitazene
Codeine methylbromide
Codeine
Cyprenorphine
Desomorphine
Dextromoramide
Diampromide
Diethylthiambutene
Difenoxin
Dihydrocodeine
Dihydromorphine
Dimenoxadol
Dimepheptanol (Racemethadol)
Dimethylthiambutene
Dioxaphetyl Butyrate
Diphenoxylate
Dipipanone
Diprenorphine Hydrochloride
Drotebanol

146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189

Ethylmethylthiambutene
Ethylmorphine
Etonitazene
Etorphine
Etoxeridine
Fentanyl
Fiorinal + Codeine
Furethidine
Heroin (Diacetylmorphine)
Hydrocodone
Hydromorphinol
Hydromorphone
Hydroxypethidine
Isomethadone
Ketobemidone
Levomoramide
Levophenacylmorphan
Levomethorphan
Levorphanol Tartrate
Meperidine (Pethidine)
Metazocine
Methadone
Methyldesorphine
Methyldihydromorphine
Methylfentanyl
Methyl-phenyl-propionoxypiperidine
(MPPP )
Metopon
Moramide - intermediate
Morpheridine
Morphine methylsulfonate
Morphine methylbromide
Morphine
Myrophine
Nalorphine
Nicocodeine
Nicomorphine
Noracymethadol
Norlevorphanol
Normethadone
Normorphine
Norpipanone
Opium
Oxymorphone
Oxycodone
803

P21/NM20
Drugs by Category Type
190
191
192
193
195
196
197
198
199
200
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
220
221
222
223
224
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
804

Para-fluorofentanyl
Paregoric
Parepectolin
Pentazocine
Phenadoxone
Phenampromide
Phenanthrine
Phenazocine
Phenomorphan
Phenoperidine
Pholcodine
Piminodine
Piritramide
Proheptazine
Properidine
Propiram
Propoxyphene (Dextropropoxyphene, bulk (non-dosage forms))
Racemethorphan
Racemoramide
Racemorphan
Sufentanil
Thebacon
Thebaine
Thiofentanyl
Tilidine
Trimeperidine
Butorphanol
Alphacetylmethadol
Beta-Hydroxy-3-methylfentanyl
Codeine & Isoquinoline
Codeine-N-oxide
Dextropropoxyphene (dosage forms)
Dihydroetrophine
Diprenorphine
Levo-alphacetylmethadol
Levorphanol
Methylthiofentanyl
Morphine-N-oxide
Opium extract
Opium Fluid Extract
Opium Poppy
Opium Tincture
Phenylethyl-phenylacetoxypiperidine (PEPAP)

237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
295

Poppy Straw
Poppy Straw Concentrate
Remifentanil
Codeine combination product
90 mg/du
Codeine preparations –
200 mg/100 ml or 100 gm
Difenoxin 1 mg/25ug AtSO4/du
Difenoxin preparations –
0.5 mg/25 ug AtSO4/du
Dihydrocodeine combination product
90 mg/du
Dihydrocodeine preparations
10 mg/100 ml or 100 gm
Diphenoxylate preparations
2.5 mg/25 ug AtSO4
Ethylmorphine combination product
15 mg/du
Ethylmorphine preparations
100 mg/100 ml or 100 gm
Hydrocodone & isoquinoline
alkaloid<15 mg/du
Hydrocodone combination
product<15 mg/du
Meperidine intermediate-A
Meperidine intermediate-B
Meperidine intermediate-C
Methadone intermediate
Morphine combination product/
50 mg/100 ml or gm
Opium combination product
25 mg/du
Opium preparations – 100 mg/
100 ml or/100 gm
Opium, granulated
Opium, powdered
Oripavine
“Narcotics, Type Unknown”

300-399 DEPRESSANTS
300
301
302
303

Alprazolam
Amobarbital
Barbital
Barbiturates
2015

P21/NM20
Drugs by Category Type
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
2015

Benzodiazepines
Benzylfentanyl
Bromazepam
Butabarbital (secbutabarbital)
Butalbital
Camazepam
Carbamate
Chloral betaine
Chloral Hydrate
Chlordiazepoxide
Chlorhexadol
Clobazam
Clonazepam
Clorazepate Dipotassium
Clotiazepam
Cloxazolam
Delorazepam
Diazepam
Estazolam
Ethchlorvynol
Ethinamate
Ethyl Ioflazepate
Fiorinal
Fludiazepam
Flunitrazepam
Glutethimide
Halazepam
Haloxazolam
Hexobarbital
Hydroxyzine
Ketazolam
Loprazolam
Lorazepam
Lormetazepam
Mebutamate
Mecloqualone
Medazepam
Mephobarbital
(Methylphenobarbital)
Meprobamate
Methaqualone
Metharbital
Methohexital
Methyprylon
Midazolam

349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
376
377
378
379
380
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
393

Nimetazepam
Nitrazepam
Nordiazepam
Oxazepam
Oxazolam
Paraldehyde
Pentobarbital
Petrichloral
Phencyclohexylamine
Phenobarbital
Pinazepam
Prazepam
Quazepam
Secobarbital
Sulfondiethylmethane
Sulfonethylmethane
Sulfonmethane
Talbutal
Temazepam
Tetrazepam
Thenylfentanyl
Thiamylal
Thiopental (Pentothal)
Tiletamine/ Zolazepam (Telazol)
Traizolam
Tybamate
Carisoprodol
Gamma-Hydroxybutyric Acid (GHB)
Amobarbital & non-controlled active
ingred.
Aprobarbital
Barbituric Acid Derivative
Dexfenfluramine
Flurazepam
Sibutramin
Zaleplon
Zolpidem
Amobarbital suppository dosage
form
Butobarbital (butethal)
Embutramide
Gamma Hydroxybutyric Acid
preparations
Pentobarbital & noncontrolled active
ingred.
805

P21/NM20
Drugs by Category Type
394
395
396
397
398
399

Pentobarbital suppository dosage
form
“Depressants, Type Unknown”
Pregabalin
Secobarbital & noncontrolled active
ingred.
Secobarbital suppository dosage
form
Zopiclone

433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440

Modafinil
Vinbarbital
Methylone
Lisdexamfetamine
Methoxy-Methylenedioxyamphetamine
N, N-Dimethylamphetamine
(Dimethylamphetamine)
N-Benzylpiperazine
Stimulant compounds previously
excepted
“Stimulants, Type Unknown”

400-495 STIMULANTS

495

400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432

500-595 HALLUCINOGENS

806

Amphetamine Sulfate
Amphetamine
Benzoylecgonine
Benzphetamine
Cathine (Norpseudoephedrine)
Chlorphentermine
Clortermine
Cocaine
Dextroamphetamine
Diethylpropion
Ecgonine
Fencamfamin
Fenethylline
Fenfluramine
Fenproporex
Mazindol
Mefenorex
Methamphetamine
Methylphenidate
N-Ethylamphetamine
Pemoline
Phendimetrazine
Phenmetrazine
Phentermine
Pipradrol
Propylhexedrine
Pyrovalerone
SPA
Aminorex
Cathinone
Coca Leaves
Dichloralphenazone
Methcathinone

500
501
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
527
528
529
530
531

Amphetamine Variants
Bufotenine
Diethyltryptamine (DET)
Dimethoxyamphetamine (DMA)
Dimethyltryptamine (DMT)
DMA
Dronabinol
N-Ethyl-3piperdyl benzilate
Ibogaine
Lysergic Acid
Mescaline
Methylenedioxymethamphetamine
(MDMA)
Methoxyamphetamine (PMA)
Methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA)
Nabilone
Peyote
Phenylacetone (P2P)
Psilocybin
Psilocyn
Trimethoxy amphetamine
Ketamine
Alpha-Ethyltryptamine
Bromo-dimethoxyamphetamine
Bromo-dimethoxyphenethylamine
Lysergic Acid Amide
Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD)
Methylaminorex
Meth-dimethoxyamphetamine
Methylenedioxy-Nethylamphetamine
2015

P21/NM20
Drugs by Category Type
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
595

N-Ethyl-1-phenylcyclohexylamine
Alpha-methyltryptamine
Dimethoxyethylamphetamine
Dimethoxy-(n)propylthiophenethylamine
Methoxy-NN-diisopropyltryptamine
N-Hydroxymethylenedioxy-amphetamine
N-Methylpiperidyl benzilate
“Hallucinogens, Type Unknown”

600-695 CANNABINOID
600
601
602
603
604
605
695

Delta 9
Hashish Oil
Hashish
Marijuana/Marihuana
Marinol
Tetrahydrocannabinols (THC)
“Cannabinoid, Type Unknown”

700-795 PCP
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
795

Ethylamine
Parahexyl (Synhexyl)
Phencyclidine
Phencyclidine Analogs
Phenylcyclohexylamine
Piperidinocyclohexane-carbonitrile
(PCC)
“Pyrrolidine (PCPy, PHP,TCPy) ”
Thiophene
Thienyl Cyclohexyl/piperidine
Phenylcyclohexyl-Pyrrolidine
Thienyl Cyclohexyl Pyrrolidine
“PCP, Type Unknown”

800-895 ANABOLIC STEROIDS
800
801
803
804
805
806
2015

Boldenone
Chlorotestosterone
Dehydrochloromethyltestosterone
Dihydrotestosterone
Drostanolone
Ethylestrenol

807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845

Fluoxymesterone
Formebulone (Formebolone)
Mesterolone
Methandienone
Methandranone
Methandriol
Methandrostenolone
Methenolone
Methyltestosterone
Mibolerone
Nandrolone
Norethandrolone
Oxandrolone
Oxymesterone
Oxymetholone
Stanolone
Stanozolol
Testolactone
Testosterone
Trenbolone
Clostebol
Alpha, Beta-dihydroxy-alphaandrostane
Alpha-methyl-alpha-betadihydroxy-alpha-androstane
Alpha-methyl-beta-betadihydroxy-alpha-androstane
Alpha-methyl-beta-betadihydroxy-androstene
Alpha-methyl-delta 1dihydrotestosterone
Alpha-methyl-hydroxynandrolone
Androstanedione
Androstenediol
Androstenedione
Beta, beta-dihydroxy-alphaandrostane
Bolasterone
Calusterone
Delta 1-dihydrotestosterone
Furazabol
Hydroxy-Nortestosterone
Hydroxytestosterone
Mestanolone
Methyldienolone
807

P21/NM20
Drugs by Category Type
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
895

Methyltrienolone
Norandrostenediol
Norandrostenedione
Norbolethone
Norclostebol
Normethandrolone
Stenbolone
Tetrahydrogestrinone
Boldione
Desoxymethyltestosterone
Dienedione
“Anabolic Steroid, Type
Unknown”

900-995 INHALANT
900
901
902
903
904
920
921
923
924
925
926
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
995
996

Volatile Solvents (toluene)
Plastic Cement (airplane glue)
Paint and Paint Removers
“Petroleum Products (gasoline,
kerosene)”
Lacquer Thinners
Anesthetic Gases
Amyl Nitrite
Butly Nitrite
Nitrous Oxide
Ether
Chloroform
Aerosols (hydrocarbon gases)
Hair spray
Insecticides
Glass Chillers
Frying Pan Lubricants
Cyclohexl Nitrite
Enflurane
Halothane
“Inhalants, Type Unknown”
OTHER,

997

TESTED; RESULTS UNKNOWN

998

TESTED; DRUGS FOUND; TYPE
UNKNOWN

999

UNKNOWN IF TESTED FOR DRUG

808

2015

P22/NM21

TRANSPORTED TO FIRST MEDICAL FACILITY BY
FORMAT: 1 numeric
SAS NAME: Person.Hospital
ELEMENT VALUES:
0
1
5
3
2
4
6
8
9

Not Transported
EMS Air
EMS Ground
EMS Unknown Mode
Law Enforcement
Transported Unknown Source
Other
Not Reported
Unknown

Definition: This element identifies the method of transportation this person was provided to
receive treatment at the first hospital or medical facility.
Remarks:
Medical Facility refers to an injury treatment facility. The treatment facility is the first medical
facility to which the person is taken. Use appropriate attribute, even if the person dies en route
to the treatment facility. A morgue is not an injury treatment facility.
0 (Not Transported) is used for victims who are dead on the scene and for those who are not
taken (or do not go) to a treatment facility or hospital for treatment. For example, an uninjured
occupant rides along with an injured person to a treatment facility. 0 (Not Transported) would
be used if the person did not go to a treatment facility directly from the scene, but was
transported at a later time for injuries sustained in this crash.
If a person is moved from the crash scene by emergency services personnel (EMS,
Rescue Squad, fire department, law enforcement) as part of the transport process,
consider the person as transported. For example, an injured person that is driven by
emergency services to a location to be air lifted should be coded as 1 (EMS Air).
There can also be situations where a person leaves the crash scene (e.g. walks for help)
or is moved from a crash scene by a party other than emergency services. For example,
in a remote or inaccessible location a private citizen drives an injured person to an
accessible location before obtaining help and acquiring emergency services assistance
from this new location. Consider these situations as 0 (Not Transported) for treatment
even if the person was eventually transported for treatment from this new location.

2015

809

P22/NM21
1 (EMS Air) includes any air transport device. This code would be used any time air transport
was used for this person. For example, If there is an indication that both air and ground
transportation were used, code 1 (EMS Air).
5 (EMS Ground) includes transport by private and county/city-owned ambulance or rescue
squad vehicles.
3 (EMS Unknown Mode) is used when a person is transported to a treatment facility by EMS,
but the mode of transportation is not known.
2 (Law Enforcement) includes transport by state, county or local law enforcement agency
vehicles.
4 (Transported Unknown Source) is used if you know the person was transported to a
treatment facility, but you do not know the source.
6 (Other) includes transport by private citizens or individuals who drive themselves to the
hospital or treatment facility. May be indicated on your crash report as “POV”
(Privately/Personally Owned Vehicle).
If a PAR data element is coded with the attribute “Other” but the officer does not specify
what this refers to:
1. Code 6 (Other) if the PAR attribute choices can be matched to or include all the
attributes in FARS/GES.
2. Code 8 (Not Reported) if the PAR choices cannot be matched to or include all the
attributes in FARS/GES.
8 (Not Reported)
If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable,
then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”.
Code 8 (Not Reported) in these two situations:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the information
to code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials)
2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case
materials).
9 (Unknown) is used when it is reported as “unknown” whether or not this victim was taken (or
went) to a hospital/treatment facility for treatment.

810

2015

P22/NM21
FARS SPECIAL INSTRUCTION:
Prior to 2007, this element was called “Taken to Hospital or Treatment Facility” and only
recorded whether or not the person was transported for treatment. After 2007, this element’s
name was changed to “Transported for Treatment By”. Beginning in 2010, this element's
name is changed to "Transported to Medical Facility By” and indicates if the person was
transported for treatment, and if transported, the source of transport. Beginning in 2013, this
element’s name was changed to “Transported to First Medical Facility By” to match the revised
4th Edition of MMUCC. It indicates the source of transport to the first medical facility receiving
the patient injured in the crash.
GES SPECIAL INSTRUCTION:
This data element is not related to GES sampling.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(2U3F)

INJURY SEVERITY equals 3,

(A551)

EMS TIME AT HOSPITAL equals
8888, 9997, 9998,

(P090)

INJURY SEVERITY equals 0,

(P091)

TRANSPORTED TO FIRST
MEDICAL FACILITY BY equals 1, 3,
5,
all persons TRANSPORTED TO
FIRST MEDICAL FACILITY BY
equals 2, 4,
DIED AT SCENE/EN ROUTE equals
7,
DIED AT SCENE/EN ROUTE equals
8,

(P093)
(P50P)
(P51P)

2015

THEN
TRANSPORTED TO FIRST MEDICAL
FACILITY BY should not equal 0.
TRANSPORTED TO FIRST MEDICAL
FACILITY BY should not equal 1, 3, 5 for
any PERSON.
TRANSPORTED TO FIRST MEDICAL
FACILITY BY must equal 0.
EMS TIME AT HOSPITAL should not
equal 8888, 9997, 9998.
NOTIFICATION TIME EMS, ARRIVAL
TIME EMS, EMS TIME AT HOSPITAL
must equal 8888.
TRANSPORTED TO FIRST MEDICAL
FACILITY BY must equal 0.
TRANSPORTED TO FIRST MEDICAL
FACILITY BY must equal 1-6.

811

P22/NM21
Consistency Checks (FARS Only):

(P520)
(P52P)
(P55P)

812

THEN

CRASH DATE and DEATH DATE are
the same, and CRASH TIME and
DEATH TIME are the same,
DIED AT SCENE/EN ROUTE equals
9,
TRANSPORTED TO FIRST
MEDICAL FACILITY BY equals 9,

TRANSPORTED TO FIRST MEDICAL
FACILITY BY should equal 0, and DIED
AT SCENE/EN ROUTE should equal 7.
TRANSPORTED TO FIRST MEDICAL
FACILITY BY must equal 8 or 9.
DIED AT SCENE/EN ROUTE must
equal 0, 9.

2015

P23/NM22

DIED AT SCENE/EN ROUTE
FORMAT: 1 numeric
SAS NAME: Person.DOA
ELEMENT VALUES:
0
7
8
9

Not Applicable
Died at Scene
Died En Route
Unknown

Definition: This element identifies if this person died at the scene of the crash or en route to a
hospital or treatment facility.
Remarks:
0 (Not Applicable) is used for non-fatalities and victims dying at locations other than the
scene or en route (e.g., hospital, at home, etc.).
7 (Died at Scene) is used for victims who are dead on the scene of the crash.
8 (Died En Route) is used for victims who die en route to a hospital or treatment facility by
EMS or other transport.
9 (Unknown) is used when you know the victim is a fatality, but you don’t know if they died at
the scene, en route, or at another location (e.g., home).
Consistency Checks:
IF
(1R1P)
(P50P)
(P510)
(P51P)
(P56P)

2015

If DIED AT SCENE/EN ROUTE
equals 7, 8,
DIED AT SCENE/EN ROUTE equals
7,
EMS TIME AT HOSPITAL equals
8888, 9997, 9998,
DIED AT SCENE/EN ROUTE equals
8,
DIED AT SCENE/EN ROUTE equals
7,

813

P23/NM22
IF
(P530)
(P53P)
(P54P)

EMS TIME AT HOSPITAL equals
9996,
INJURY SEVERITY equals 0-3, 5, 6,
DIED AT SCENE/EN ROUTE equals
8,

THEN
DIED AT SCENE/EN ROUTE must
equal 8 for at least one person.
DIED AT SCENE/EN ROUTE must
equal 0.
EMS TIME AT HOSPITAL should not
equal 8888, 9997, 9998.

Consistency Checks (FARS Only):

(P520)
(P52P)
(P55P)

814

THEN

CRASH DATE and DEATH DATE are
the same, and CRASH TIME and
DEATH TIME are the same,
DIED AT SCENE/EN ROUTE equals
9,
TRANSPORTED TO FIRST
MEDICAL FACILITY BY equals 9,

TRANSPORTED TO FIRST MEDICAL
FACILITY BY should equal 0, and DIED
AT SCENE/EN ROUTE should equal 7.
TRANSPORTED TO FIRST MEDICAL
FACILITY BY must equal 8 or 9.
DIED AT SCENE/EN ROUTE must
equal 0, 9.

2015

P24/NM23

DEATH DATE
FORMAT: 2 sets of 2 numeric, 1 set of 4 numeric
SAS NAME: Person.DEATH_DA; Person.DEATH_MO; Person.DEATH_YR
ELEMENT VALUES:
88
01-12
99
88
01-31
99
8888
9999

Month:
Not Applicable (Non-fatal)
Unknown
Day:
Not Applicable (Non-fatal)
Unknown
Year:
Not Applicable (Non-fatal)
Actual Year of Death
Unknown

Definition: This element records the month, day and year of this person’s death.
Remarks:
The death must occur within thirty 24-hour time periods from time of the crash in order to be an
applicable FARS death.
This element, although it contains three (3) pieces of information should, be treated as one
element. Therefore, never leave any one portion blank when another is not.
Normally, the medical examiner or coroner is source of data for death date. If there are no data
inconsistencies or errors, use the official death date as recorded on the Death Certificate. Do
not change the official death date without good cause.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(1U1F)

INJURY SEVERITY equals 4,

(1V0P)

DEATH MONTH or DAY equals 88, or
DEATH YEAR equals 8888,

2015

THEN
DEATH DATE must not equal
88888888.
all must equal 8’s.
815

P24/NM23
IF
(2U1F)
(2V0P)
(3U0P)
(4V1F)
(4V2F)
(4V3F)
(4V4F)
(4V5F)
(4V6P)
(4V7P)
(4V8P)
(6V0P)
(7V0F)
(8V0P)
(9V0P)

INJURY SEVERITY is not equal to 4,
DEATH DAY is 01-31, and DEATH
MONTH is 01-12,
DEATH DATE equals CRASH DATE,
and CRASH TIME is not equal to
9999,
INJURY SEVERITY equals 4,
CRASH MONTH equals 12, and
DEATH MONTH equals 01,
CRASH MONTH equals 12,
CRASH MONTH equals 02-11, and
DEATH MONTH is not equal to 88 or
99,
CRASH MONTH equals 01, and
DEATH MONTH is not equal to 88 or
99,
DEATH MONTH is not equal to
blanks,
DEATH DAY is not equal to blanks,

THEN
DEATH DATE must equal 88888888.
DEATH DAY must be a valid day for
DEATH MONTH.
DEATH TIME must not be less than
CRASH TIME.
DEATH DATE and DEATH TIME for this
person must be within 720 hours of the
CRASH DATE and CRASH TIME.
DEATH YEAR must equal CRASH
YEAR plus 1.
DEATH MONTH must equal 01, 12, 88,
99.
DEATH MONTH must equal CRASH
MONTH or CRASH MONTH plus 1.

DEATH MONTH must equal CRASH
MONTH or CRASH MONTH plus 1 or
CRASH MONTH plus 2.
DEATH DAY and DEATH YEAR must
not equal blanks.
DEATH MONTH and DEATH YEAR
must not equal blanks.
DEATH YEAR is not equal to blanks,
DEATH MONTH and DEATH DAY must
not equal blanks.
DEATH DATE must not be less than CRASH DATE.
DEATH YEAR equals 9999,
CRASH MONTH must not be 01-11.
DEATH YEAR equals 9999,
DEATH MONTH and DEATH DAY must
equal 99.
DEATH MONTH equals 99,
DEATH DAY must equal 99.

Consistency Checks (FARS Only):

(P520)

816

THEN

CRASH DATE and DEATH DATE are
the same, and CRASH TIME AND
DEATH TIME are the same,

TRANSPORTED TO FIRST MEDICAL
FACILITY BY should equal 0, and DIED
AT SCENE/EN ROUTE should equal 7.

2015

P25/NM24

DEATH TIME
FORMAT: 4 numeric
SAS NAME: Person.DEATH_HR; Person.DEATH_MN; Person.DEATH_TM
ELEMENT VALUES:
8888
0000-2359
0099-2399
9999

Not Applicable (Non-fatal)
Valid Military Time
Known Hour but Unknown Minutes
Unknown

Definition: This element identifies the hour and minute of this person’s death utilizing the 24hour clock format.
Remarks:
If minutes are unknown, code the actual hour and “99” for the minutes. One minute after
midnight is coded 0001.”
Normally, the medical examiner or coroner is source of data for death time. If there are no data
inconsistencies or errors, use the official death time as recorded on the Death Certificate. Do
not change the official death time without good cause.
If it is known that the person died at the scene and the official death time or “pronounced death
time” (on the Death Certificate) is known to be in error, or is greater than 30 minutes after the
crash time then CRASH TIME is the appropriate DEATH TIME to be used.
How to Code Midnight:
In general, code midnight as 0000. However, there may be confusion over which day midnight
falls into. Crash Time is recorded between 00:00-23:59. Midnight is coded as 00:00 to
represent the beginning of a new day. This may not be the practice followed in your sources.
Therefore, you have to determine which part of the day is being considered in your sources.
End of Day
If your data sources give you a Crash Date and are consistent in talking about the end of that
day, when they give the time of the crash as “midnight,” “12:00-midnight,” “24:00” or “00:00,”
then you should code Crash Time as 2359.

2015

817

P25/NM24
Beginning of Day
If your sources give a Crash Date and are consistent in referring to the beginning or early
moments of that day when they give a crash time, code midnight as 0000.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(1U2F)
(2U2F)
(3U0P)
(4V1F)
(P56P)

INJURY SEVERITY equals 4,
INJURY SEVERITY is not equal to 4,
DEATH DATE equals CRASH DATE,
and CRASH TIME is not equal to
9999,
INJURY SEVERITY equals 4,
DIED AT SCENE/EN ROUTE equals
7,

THEN
DEATH TIME must not equal 8888.
DEATH TIME must equal 8888.
DEATH TIME must not be less than
CRASH TIME.
DEATH DATE and DEATH TIME for this
person must be within 720 hours of the
CRASH DATE and CRASH TIME.
DEATH TIME should be within 30
minutes of the CRASH TIME.

Consistency Checks (FARS Only):

(P520)

818

THEN

CRASH DATE and DEATH DATE are
the same, and CRASH TIME AND
DEATH TIME are the same,

TRANSPORTED TO FIRST MEDICAL
FACILITY BY should equal 0, and DIED
AT SCENE/EN ROUTE should equal 7.

2015

P26

RELATED FACTORS – PERSON (MV OCCUPANT) LEVEL
FORMAT: 2 numeric occurring 3 times
SAS NAME: Person.P_SF1, Person.P_SF2, Person.P_SF3
ELEMENT VALUES:
00
05
*08
09
*18
21
*26
89
*28
*29
32
*33
*37
*40
*41
*42
*44
*45
*47
*51
*52
56
*57
*59

None
Interfering With Driver
Mentally Challenged
Construction/Maintenance/Utility Worker
Mother of Dead Fetus/Mother of Infant Born Post Crash
Overloading or Improper Loading of Vehicle With Passengers or Cargo
Following Improperly
Parked Motor Vehicle With Equipment Extending into the Travel Lane
Improper Lane Usage
Intentional Illegal Driving on Road Shoulder, in Ditch, on Sidewalk or on Median
Opening Vehicle Closure into Moving Traffic or While Vehicle is in Motion
Passing Where Prohibited by Posted Signs, Pavement Markings or School Bus
Displaying Warning Not to Pass
Traveling on Prohibited Trafficways
Passing Through or Around Barrier
Failure to Observe Warnings or Instructions on Vehicles Displaying Them
Failure to Signal Intentions
Driving Too Fast for Conditions or in Excess of Posted Maximum
Driving Less Than Posted Minimum
Making Right Turn From Left-Turn Lane, Left Turn From Right-Turn Lane
Operator Inexperience
Unfamiliar with Roadway
Non-Driver Flees Scene
Improper Tire Pressure
Overcorrecting

819

P26
*72

Other Visual Obstruction

Skidding, Swerving Sliding, Due To:
*73
Severe Crosswind
*74
Wind From Passing Truck
*75
Slippery or Loose Surface
*76
Tire Blowout or Flat
*77
Debris or Objects in Road
*78
Ruts, Holes, Bumps in Road
*80
Vehicle in Road
*81
Phantom Vehicle
*82
Pedestrian, Pedal Cyclists, or Other Non-Motorist
*83
Ice, Snow, Slush, Water, Sand, Dirt, Oil, Wet Leaves on Road
Other Factors:
86
Emergency Services Personnel
87
Police or Law Enforcement Officer
*88
Seat Back Not in Normal Upright Position, Seat Back Reclined
91
Portable Electronic Devices
92
Person in Ambulance Treatment Compartment
99
Unknown
*FARS ONLY ATTRIBUTES
Definition: This element identifies factors related to motor vehicle occupants other than
drivers expressed by the investigating officer.
Remarks:
Code information provided by the investigating officer associated with this person from
the narrative, contributing factors/circumstances field, or citations/violations section of
the case materials.
In addition to passengers in motor vehicles in-transport (Unit Type 1), this element
includes any occupants in motor vehicles that are not in-transport (Unit Types 2, 3, 4).
The attributes that are applicable to each is limited by Person Type (P7).
The following lists those related factors that may be used for each PERSON TYPE (P7):
Person
Type
01
02
03
09

820

Valid Related Factors
00
00, 05, 08, 09, 18, 32, 56, 86-89, 92, 99
00, 05, 08, 09, 18, 21, 26, 28, 29, 32, 33, 37, 40-42, 44, 45, 47, 51, 52, 56-70,
72-78, 80-83, 86-89, 91, 92, 99
00, 05, 08, 09,18, 32, 86-89, 92, 99

2015

P26
For forms with PERSON TYPE 01 (Driver of a Motor Vehicle In-Transport), zero-fill all three
fields. The related factors for drivers are captured in the Related Factors-Driver Level.
CODING HIERARCY: When more than three attributes apply, select the attributes that have
not been previously captured under other related elements.
00 (None) is used when no applicable related factors are noted in the case materials.
Zero-fill all fields. Also, use 00 (None) to complete the remaining fields when you will be
recording less than three related factors. DO NOT leave any remaining fields blank.
05 (Interfering With Driver) is used when the case materials identify that the occupant of
a motor vehicle in-transport was interfering with the driver.
Examples include:





Obstructing the driver’s view.
Striking the driver with their body or other object.
Rambunctious individuals who cause the driver to be inattentive, even without touching
the driver or controls in the vehicle.
A motorcycle passenger (or other cyclist) shifting their weight or affecting the driver's
control.

*08 (Mentally Challenged) is used when the case materials identify the occupant of the
motor vehicle has a documented mental illness or intellectual disorder noted by the officer.
09 (Construction/Maintenance/Utility Worker) is used if the case materials identify this
person was an occupant of a working motor vehicle. This includes highway
department, contractor or utility company personnel.
18 (Mother of Dead Fetus/Mother of Infant Born Post Crash) is used when the case
materials identify that this occupant is the mother of a fetus that died in or as a result of
this crash or it is identified that this occupant gave birth after the crash whether the
child survives or not. Note that for crash classification purposes, a fetus is considered
to be part of a pregnant woman rather than a separate individual and, thus, is not
counted as a separate occupant in the crash.
21 (Overloading or Improper Loading of Vehicle with Passengers or Cargo) is used
when the case materials identify this occupant improperly loaded the vehicle occupants
or cargo into or on the vehicle. This may only be used on the PERSON TYPE 03
(Occupant of a Motor Vehicle Not In-Transport) and in SEATING POSITION 11 (Front
Seat, Left Side).
Examples include:


2015

The vehicle had more than 3 passengers in the front seat.
There were persons riding on the exterior of the vehicle.
821

P26






The vehicle was carrying occupants that were sitting or standing on the rails,
tailgate of a pickup or improperly sitting in the bed of a pickup.
More than one person secured in a belt restraint.
An unsecured or uncovered load violation.
The vehicle's trunk was open with extra large cargo protruding.
The case materials state the vehicle was overweight, over length or illegally or
improperly oversize.

*26 (Following Improperly) is used when the case materials identify this occupant
followed too closely. This may only be used on the Person Form for the occupant that
is PERSON TYPE 03 (Occupant of a Motor Vehicle Not In-Transport) and in SEATING
POSITION 11 (Front Seat, Left Side) in a working motor vehicle.
Examples include:





89 (Parked Motor Vehicle with Equipment Extending into the Travel Lane) is used when
the case materials identify this occupant parked a vehicle but extended equipment (e.g.,
extended mirrors) attached to the vehicle was still in the travel lane. This may only be
used on the Person Form for the occupant that is PERSON TYPE 03 (Occupant of a
Motor Vehicle Not In-Transport) and in SEATING POSITION 11 (Front Seat, Left Side).
NOTE: This should not be used for loads of vehicles extending into the travel lane such as
attached trailers or oversized cargo. In these cases the vehicle is in-transport and not parked.
*28 (Improper Lane Usage) is used when the case materials identify this occupant failed
to properly keep their vehicle in the appropriate lane of travel. This attribute does not
apply to vehicles that run off the roadway or that cross the median. Also do not use
this value for a vehicle that leaves its lane because of a previous impact or at the
direction of a flagman or police officer. This may only be used on the Person Form for
the occupant that is PERSON TYPE 03 (Occupant of a Motor Vehicle Not In-Transport)
and in SEATING POSITION 11 (Front Seat, Left Side) in a working motor vehicle.
Examples include:




822

A vehicle that “drove left of center” striking an oncoming vehicle (includes both
crossing a painted centerline and failing to maintain the proper side of a two-lane
roadway with no painted centerline.)
A vehicle that goes straight in a turn lane.
A vehicle that was using more than one lane on its side of a multi-lane highway.
Trucks, buses, or slow vehicles failing to keep right for faster moving traffic.
2015

P26
For situations where the vehicle is on the wrong side as a result of a passing maneuver,
see 33 (Passing Where Prohibited by Posted Signs, Pavement Markings, or School Bus
Displaying Warning Not to Pass).
*29 (Intentional Illegal Driving on Road Shoulder, In Ditch, on Sidewalk or on Median) is
used when the case materials identify this occupant was intentionally illegally driving in
a location off of the roadway (e.g. shoulder, median, roadside, etc.) This attribute
should not be used when the vehicle enters one of these locations as part of an
avoidance maneuver or as a result of a critical or harmful event. Also do not use this value
for a vehicle that leaves its lane at the direction of a flagman or police officer. This may
only be used on the Person Form for the occupant that is PERSON TYPE 03 (Occupant
of a Motor Vehicle Not In-Transport) and in SEATING POSITION 11 (Front Seat, Left
Side) in a working motor vehicle.
32 (Opening Vehicle Closure into Moving Traffic or While Vehicle is in Motion) is used
when the case materials identify this occupant improperly opened their door into moving
traffic.
Examples include:




An occupant opens a side door into moving traffic.
An occupant opening the door at a stop light.
An occupant of a parked motor vehicle opening a door into the travel lane.

*33 (Passing Where Prohibited by Posted Signs, Pavement Markings or School Bus
Displaying Warning Not to Pass) is used when the case materials identify this occupant
passed improperly by executing a passing maneuver where prohibited as designated by
traffic controls or rules of the road. This may only be used on the Person Form for the
occupant that is PERSON TYPE 03 (Occupant of a Motor Vehicle Not In-Transport) and
in SEATING POSITION 11 (Front Seat, Left Side) in a working motor vehicle.
Examples include:




A vehicle passing stopped a school bus.
A vehicle crossing over the solid line to pass another vehicle.
Passing a vehicle stopped to allow a pedestrian movement.

*37 (Traveling on Prohibited Trafficways) is used when the case materials identify this
occupant was driving on an open trafficway that prohibited travel for the kind of vehicle
they were operating. For example, driving a truck where prohibited, or operating a
vehicle with hazardous materials cargo where prohibited. For trucks or slower vehicles
using the left lane when prohibited, use 28 (Improper Lane Usage). This may only be
used on the Person Form for the occupant that is PERSON TYPE 03 (Occupant of a
Motor Vehicle Not In-Transport) and in SEATING POSITION 11 (Front Seat, Left Side) in
a working motor vehicle.
2015

823

P26
*40 (Passing Through or Around Barrier) is used when the case materials identify this
occupant drove out of our around a "demarcated" area. This may only be used on the
Person Form for the occupant that is PERSON TYPE 03 (Occupant of a Motor Vehicle
Not In-Transport) and in SEATING POSITION 11 (Front Seat, Left Side) in a working
motor vehicle. For example, a working vehicle backing out of the closed portion of the
work zone into an open travel lane.
*41 (Failure to Observe Warnings or Instructions on Vehicles Displaying Them) is used
when the case materials identify this occupant failed to heed warnings or follow
instructions displayed on other vehicles. This may only be used on the Person Form
for the occupant that is PERSON TYPE 03 (Occupant of a Motor Vehicle Not InTransport) and in SEATING POSITION 11 (Front Seat, Left Side) in a working motor
vehicle.
Examples include:





*42 (Failure to Signal Intentions) is used when the case materials identify this occupant
failed to signal their intentions. This attribute includes a failure to signal by either lamp
turn signal or hand. This may only be used on the Person Form for the occupant that is
PERSON TYPE 03 (Occupant of a Motor Vehicle Not In-Transport) and in SEATING
POSITION 11 (Front Seat, Left Side) in a working motor vehicle.
*44 (Driving Too Fast for Conditions or In Excess of Posted Maximum) is used when the
case materials identify this occupant was operating the vehicle too fast for certain road
conditions or exceeding the posted speed limit. This may only be used on the Person
Form for the occupant that is PERSON TYPE 03 (Occupant of a Motor Vehicle Not InTransport) and in SEATING POSITION 11 (Front Seat, Left Side) in a working motor
vehicle.
*45 (Driving Less Than Posted Minimum) is used when the case materials identify this
occupant was driving too slowly, or so as to impede traffic. This may only be used on the
Person Form for the occupant that is PERSON TYPE 03 (Occupant of a Motor Vehicle
Not In-Transport) and in SEATING POSITION 11 (Front Seat, Left Side) in a working
motor vehicle.
*47 (Making Right Turn from Left-Turn Lane, Left Turn From Right-Turn Lane) is used
when the case materials identify this occupant was making an improper turn from a turn
lane. To distinguish from 28 (Improper Lane Usage), police officer must indicate the
occupant’s intention to turn to use this attribute. This may only be used on the Person
Form for the occupant that is PERSON TYPE 03 (Occupant of a Motor Vehicle Not InTransport) and in SEATING POSITION 11 (Front Seat, Left Side) in a working motor
vehicle.
824

2015

P26

*51 (Operator Inexperience) is used when the case materials identify this occupant lacks
experience operating the vehicle they were in at the time of the crash. Should be
expressed by officer, driver or passenger and not presumed based on age, rental status
or state of residence. This may only be used on the Person Form for the occupant that
is PERSON TYPE 03 (Occupant of a Motor Vehicle Not In-Transport) and in SEATING
POSITION 11 (Front Seat, Left Side) in a working motor vehicle.
Examples include:





*52 (Unfamiliar with Roadway) is used when the case materials identify this occupant is
unfamiliar with the area/location where they were when the crash occurred. Should be
expressed by officer, driver or passenger and not presumed based on age, rental status
or state of residence. This may only be used on the Person Form for the occupant that
is PERSON TYPE 03 (Occupant of a Motor Vehicle Not In-Transport) and in SEATING
POSITION 11 (Front Seat, Left Side) in a working motor vehicle.
Examples include:




A driver from out-of-state is unfamiliar with area.
A driver operating on a new stretch of road or section of road altered because of
construction and/or detour.
The driver parks the vehicle where parking is illegal because they are unfamiliar
with the location.

56 (Non-Driver Flees Scene) is used when the case materials identify that this nondriver left the scene of a Hit-and-Run crash.
Examples include:




A passenger of motor vehicle in-transport fled scene on foot.
Occupant of an involved parked vehicle leaves by driving their vehicle from the scene.
An involved motor vehicle in-transport is driven away by a passenger in that vehicle

*57 (Improper Tire Pressure) is used when the case materials identify that improper tire
pressure was present in one or more tires of this vehicle. Improper tire pressure is not
a defect, but rather the irresponsibility of the person. This may only be used on the
Person Form for the occupant that is PERSON TYPE 03 (Occupant of a Motor Vehicle
2015

825

P26
Not In-Transport) and in SEATING POSITION 11 (Front Seat, Left Side) in a working
motor vehicle.
*59 (Overcorrecting) is used when the case materials identify this occupant
“overcorrected” based on the judgment of the police officer. This must be stated by the
officer in the narrative or PAR field to be coded. Overcorrecting and Oversteering are
technically different but this attribute may be selected for a PAR reported combination
of the two (e.g. overcorrecting/ oversteering). This may only be used on the Person
Form for the occupant that is PERSON TYPE 03 (Occupant of a Motor Vehicle Not InTransport) and in SEATING POSITION 11 (Front Seat, Left Side) in a working motor
vehicle.
Vision Obscured By:
The following set of attributes identifies visual obstructions noted in the case materials.
These attributes may only be used on the Person Form for the occupant that is PERSON
TYPE 03 (Occupant of a Motor Vehicle Not In-Transport) and in SEATING POSITION 11
(Front Seat, Left Side) in a working motor vehicle.
*60 (Rain, Snow, Fog, Smoke, Sand, Dust)
*61 (Reflected Glare, Bright Sunlight or Headlights)
*62 (Curve, Hill or Other Design Features [including traffic signs, embankment])
*63 (Building, Billboard or Other Structures)
*64 (Trees, Crops or Vegetation)
*65 (Motor Vehicle [including load])
Examples include:




A car stopped on the roadway.
A tractor-trailer in-transport on the road.
A school bus stopped for the purpose of loading and/or unloading children.

826

2015

P26
*70 (Mirrors) is used when the case materials identify that vision was obscured by any
mirrors attached to or within a motor vehicle (e.g., rear view mirror, side mirror, etc.).
*72 (Other Visual Obstruction) is used when the case materials identify that vision was
obscured something other than previously listed. For example, a trailer that has been
left parked on the side of the road by a truck or vehicle.
Skidding, Swerving, Sliding Due To:
This set of attributes is applicable to the occupant that attempted to avoid one of the
following or whose ability to control the vehicle was affected by one of the following.
These attributes may only be used on the Person Form for the occupant that is PERSON
TYPE 03 (Occupant of a Motor Vehicle Not In-Transport) and in SEATING POSITION 11
(Front Seat, Left Side) in a working motor vehicle.
*73 (Severe Crosswind) is used when the case materials identify this occupant’s ability
to control the vehicle was affected by severe crosswinds.
*74 (Wind From Passing Truck) is used when the case materials identify this occupant’s
ability to control the vehicle was affected by winds produced by a passing truck.
*75 (Slippery or Loose Surface) is used when the case materials identify this occupant’s
ability to control the vehicle was affected by the surface composition of the roadway
and/or the condition of that composition. Not to be used when the surface is slippery
due to environment conditions such as rain, ice, or snow (see 83 (Ice, Snow, Slush,
Water, Sand, Dirt, Oil or Wet Leaves on Road).
Examples include:



A slippery surface that is old or worn resulting in loose gravel on the roadway.
Blacktop that is slick as a newly paved surface.

*76 (Tire Blowout or Flat) is used when the case materials identify this occupant’s ability
to control the vehicle was affected by a tire blowout or flat.
*77 (Debris or Objects in Road) is used when the case materials identify this driver
attempted to avoid or lost control as a result of debris in the road. Examples would
include: nails, glass, trash cans, tire retread, trash, dead animals, pile of sand, barricades,
etc.
*78 (Ruts, Holes, Bumps in Road) is used when the case materials identify this driver
attempted to avoid or lost control as a result of a road surface anomalies such as ruts,
holes, dips or bumps.
*80 (Vehicle in Road) is used when the case materials identify this driver attempted to
avoid or lost control as a result of another vehicle in the road. This includes both contact
and non-contact vehicles that remain at the scene.
2015

827

P26
*81 (Phantom Vehicle) is used when the case materials identify this driver attempted to
avoid or lost control as a result of a non-contact vehicle that left the scene as described by
the police officer.
*82 (Pedestrian, Pedal Cyclist, or Other Non-Motorist) is used when the case materials
identify this driver attempted to avoid or lost control as a result of a pedestrian, a pedal
cyclist (bicyclist) or other type of non-motorist.
*83 (Ice, Snow, Slush, Water, Sand, Dirt, Oil or Wet Leaves on Road) is used when the
case materials identify this occupant’s ability to control the vehicle was affected by a
substance on the roadway that caused the roadway to be slick, which may interfere with the
traction of the vehicle. This attribute does not include part of the roadway composition.
For cases involving roadway composition issues, see 75 (Slippery or Loose Surface).
Other Factors:
86 (Emergency Services Personnel) is used when the case materials identify that this
person was a fire fighter, wrecker service worker, or Emergency Medical Service (EMS)
personnel. This includes personnel located in the cab and in the treatment
compartment of an ambulance.
Note: for persons identifiable as EMS personnel located in the ambulance treatment
compartment, also use RELATED FACTORS - PERSON (MV OCCUPANT) attribute 92
(Person in Ambulance Treatment Compartment).
87 (Police or Law Enforcement Officer) is used when the case materials identify that this
person was a police or law enforcement officer working at the time of the crash. The
officer may be affiliated at the Federal, State, or local law enforcement level. This would
also include: military and park police, border patrol, and all other sworn law
enforcement officers.
*88 (Seat Back Not in Normal Upright Position, Seat Back Reclined) is used when the
case materials identify that this occupant’s seat back was not in a normal, safe
driving/seating position prior to the crash.
91 (Portable Electronic Devices) is used when the case materials identify that this
occupant had an electronic device (Cell phone, MP3 Player, PDA, etc.) in the vehicle that
was somehow related to the crash occurrence.
92 (Person in Ambulance Treatment Compartment) is used when the case materials
identify that this occupant was located in the ambulance treatment compartment. For
example: patients, EMS personnel, and other person accompanying patient.
Note: for persons identifiable as EMS personnel also use RELATED FACTORS - PERSON
(MV OCCUPANT) attribute 86 (Emergency Services Personnel).

828

2015

P26
99 (Unknown) is used when the circumstances surrounding the crash are unknown and
reported as “unknown” by the investigating officer. In these circumstances, nine-fill all fields. If
99 (Unknown) is used for any field, ALL fields must be 99 (Unknown). DO NOT leave any
remaining fields blank. Also use this attribute for known occupants in a Hit and Run
vehicle when no factors are identified or reported by the officer for this occupant.
*FARS ONLY ATTRIBUTES
Consistency Checks:
IF

THEN

(1W0P) any RELATED FACTORS-PERSON
all factors must equal 99.
LEVEL equals 99,
(2W0P) any RELATED FACTORS-PERSON
all factors must equal blanks.
LEVEL equals blanks,
(3W0P) any RELATED FACTORS-PERSON
all subsequent factors must equal 00.
LEVEL equals 00,
(4W0P) A RELATED FACTORS-PERSON LEVEL (MV Occupant) between 05 and 92
can be used only once per person form.
RELATED FACTORS-PERSON LEVEL
(5N0F) PERSON TYPE equals 02,
(MV Occupant) must not equal 21, 26,
28, 29, 33, 37, 40-42, 44, 45, 47, 51-53,
57-70, 72-78, 80-83, 91.
(580F) FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 14, RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY should
and RELATED FACTORS- PERSON not equal 01.
(MV OCCUPANT) LEVEL does not
equal 32, 89 for at least one occupant
in the not in-transport motor vehicle
involved in the first harmful event,
RELATED FACTORS-PERSON (MV
(5M0G) SPECIAL USE equals 06, and
OCCUPANT) LEVEL should equal 86 or
PERSON TYPE equals 02 or 09,
92.
RELATED FACTORS-PERSON LEVEL
(7M0F) PERSON TYPE equals 03, and
(MV Occupant) must not equal 21, 26,
SEATING POSITION does not equal
28, 29, 33, 37, 40-42, 44, 45, 47, 51-53,
11,
57-70, 72-78, 80-83, 91.
(A65F) FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 14, CRASH TYPE should equal 15, 92 or
and RELATED FACTORS - PERSON 98 for the in-transport vehicle
(MV OCCUPANT) LEVEL equals 32 involved in the First Harmful Event.
or 89 for an occupant of the parked
vehicle involved in the first harmful
event,

2015

829

P26
IF

THEN

(A66F)

FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 14,
and CRASH TYPE equals 01-10 or
14,

(A67F)

FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 14,
and CRASH TYPE equals 15,

(CL0P)

PERSON TYPE equals 09,

RELATED FACTORS - PERSON (MV
OCCUPANT) LEVEL must not equal
32 or 89 for any occupant of the
parked vehicle involved in the First
Harmful Event.
RELATED FACTORS - PERSON (MV
OCCUPANT) LEVEL should equal 32
or 89 for an occupant of the parked
vehicle.
RELATED FACTORS-PERSON LEVEL
(MV Occupant) must not equal 21, 26,
28, 29, 33, 37, 40-42, 44, 45, 47, 51, 52,
56-70, 72-78, 80-83, 91.

Consistency Check (FARS Only):
IF
(5W0P) RELATED FACTORS-PERSON
LEVEL equals 18,

830

THEN
SEX must equal 2, and AGE must be
greater than 012.

2015

P4/NM3

PERSON NUMBER
FORMAT: 3 numeric
SAS NAME: Person.PER_NO
ELEMENT VALUES:
001-999

Assigned Number

Definition: This element identifies a number for persons that are not in a motor vehicle in
consecutive order.
Remarks:
This elements values and remarks are identical to Person Level (MV Occupant) Level element
P4. Please see page 723 for remarks.
Consistency Checks:
(CSI6)
(CSI7)

2015

For each VEHICLE NUMBER, PERSON NUMBERS must be consecutive,
beginning with 001 and with no gaps.
PERSON NUMBERS for persons not in motor vehicles must be consecutive,
beginning with 001 and with no gaps.

831

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832

2015

NM4

NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE STRIKING
NON-MOTORIST
FORMAT: 3 numeric
SAS NAME: Person.STR_VEH
ELEMENT VALUES:
001-998
999

Assigned Vehicle Number
Unknown

Definition: This data element captures the in-transport vehicle that made contact with this
non-motorist.
Remarks:
This only applies to those non-motorists who are not occupants of a motor vehicle. If a nonmotorist is contacted by a parked or working motor vehicle that was propelled by an intransport vehicle, record the vehicle number of the in-transport vehicle.
In cases where more than one vehicle makes contact with a non-occupant, code the number of
the vehicle that caused the most significant injury. If uncertain, code the number of the vehicle
that made contact first.
999 (Unknown) is used when the investigating officer indicates that it is unknown which
vehicle struck the non-motorist.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(050P)
(060P)

2015

PERSON TYPE equals 04-08, 19, and
NUMBER OF VEHICLE FORMS
SUBMITTED equals 001,
NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE
STRIKING NON-MOTORIST is not
equal to 000, 999,

THEN
NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE
STRIKING NON-MOTORIST must equal
001.
the NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE
STRIKING NON-MOTORIST must equal
some VEHICLE NUMBER in the case,
and the UNIT TYPE must equal 1.

833

NM4
IF
(A612)

(A613)

(A614)

(A615)

(A616)

(A617)

(A618)

(A619)

(A61A)

(A61B)

834

THEN
at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
must equal 10 or 49 for that vehicle
number in the CRASH EVENTS table.
at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
must equal 08 for that vehicle number
in the CRASH EVENTS table.
at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
must equal 09 for that vehicle number
in the CRASH EVENTS table.
at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
must equal 09 for that vehicle number
in the CRASH EVENTS table.
at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
must equal 15 for that vehicle number
in the CRASH EVENTS table.
at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
must equal 08 for that vehicle number
in the CRASH EVENTS table.
at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
must equal 99 for that vehicle number
in the CRASH EVENTS table.
the number of events equal to 08 in
the CRASH EVENTS table should
equal ____ for that vehicle.
the number of events equal to 15 in
the CRASH EVENTS table should
equal ____ for that vehicle.
the number of events equal to 08 in
the CRASH EVENTS table should
equal ____ for that vehicle.

2015

NM4
IF
(A61G)

(A61H)

(A61J)

(A61K)

(PB30)

(PB31)

2015

the FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
08, and PERSON TYPE equals 05, and
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT THE
TIME OF CRASH equals 21, 22, 24, 25,
28, and the NUMBER OF MOTOR
VEHICLE STRIKING NON-MOTORIST
is involved in the FIRST HARMFUL
EVENT,
the FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
09, and PERSON TYPE equals 06, 07,
and NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT
THE TIME OF CRASH equals 21, 22,
24, 25, 28, and the NUMBER OF
MOTOR VEHICLE STRIKING NONMOTORIST is involved in the FIRST
HARMFUL EVENT,
the FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
15, and PERSON TYPE equals 08, and
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT THE
TIME OF CRASH equals 21, 22, 24, 25,
28 and the NUMBER OF MOTOR
VEHICLE STRIKING NON-MOTORIST
is involved in the FIRST HARMFUL
EVENT,
the FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
49, and PERSON TYPE equals 04, and
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT THE
TIME OF CRASH equals 21, 22, 24, 25,
28, and the NUMBER OF MOTOR
VEHICLE STRIKING NON-MOTORIST
is involved in the first harmful event,
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING PEDESTRIAN CRASH TYPE equals
220,
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING BICYCLIST CRASH TYPE equals 147,
157 or 357,

THEN
CRASH TYPE should not equal 13 for
this vehicle.

CRASH TYPE should not equal 13 for
this vehicle.

at least one DRIVER PRESENCE must
equal 0 for the vehicle number identified
in this person’s NUMBER OF MOTOR
VEHICLE STRIKING NON-MOTORIST.
at least one DRIVER'S VISION
OBSCURED BY must equal 06 for the
vehicle number identified in this person’s
NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE
STRIKING NON-MOTORIST.

835

NM4
IF
(PB32)

PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING PEDESTRIAN CRASH TYPE equals
742,

(PB40)

PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING BICYCLIST CRASH TYPE equals 600,

(PB41)

PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING BICYCLIST CRASH TYPE equals 215,

(PB42)

PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING BICYCLIST CRASH TYPE equals 111,
211 or 212,

(PB43)

If PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING BICYCLIST CRASH TYPE equals 112,
151, 213, 214, 217 or 218,

(PB45)

PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING PEDESTRIAN CRASH TYPE equals
781 or 782,

(PB46)

PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING BICYCLIST CRASH TYPE equals 221225,

836

THEN
at least one DRIVER'S VISION
OBSCURED BY must not equal 00 or 95
for the vehicle number identified in this
person’s NUMBER OF MOTOR
VEHICLE STRIKING NON-MOTORIST.
at least one PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT
(PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF
CRITICAL EVENT) must equal 08, 09,
or 13 for the vehicle number identified in
this person’s NUMBER OF MOTOR
VEHICLE STRIKING NON-MOTORIST.
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT)
must equal 08 or 09 for the vehicle
number identified in this person’s
NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE
STRIKING NON-MOTORIST.
at least one PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT
(PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF
CRITICAL EVENT) must equal 11 or 17
for the vehicle number identified in this
person’s NUMBER OF MOTOR
VEHICLE STRIKING NON-MOTORIST.
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT)
must equal 10 or 17 for the vehicle
number identified in this person’s
NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE
STRIKING NON-MOTORIST.
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT)
must equal 11 or 17 for the vehicle
number identified in this person’s
NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE
STRIKING NON-MOTORIST.
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT)
should equal 01 for the vehicle number
identified in this person’s NUMBER OF
MOTOR VEHICLE STRIKING NONMOTORIST.

2015

NM4
IF
(PB49)

(PB50)

(PB52)

(PB56)

(PBA0)

(PBA1)

2015

PERSON TYPE equals 05 or 08, and
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT)
equals 13 for the vehicle number
identified in this person’s NUMBER OF
MOTOR VEHICLE STRIKING NONMOTORIST,
PERSON TYPE equals 05 or 08, and
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT)
equals 10-12 or 16 for the vehicle
number identified in this person’s
NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE
STRIKING NON-MOTORIST,
PERSON TYPE equals 06 or 07, and
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT)
equals 13 for the vehicle number
identified in this person’s NUMBER OF
MOTOR VEHICLE STRIKING NONMOTORIST,
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING PEDESTRIAN CRASH TYPE equals
791, 792, 794, 795,

PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING - CRASH
TYPE - BICYCLE equals 111, 211, 212,
and VEHICLE NUMBER - VEHICLE
LEVEL equals NUMBER OF MOTOR
VEHICLE STRIKING NON-MOTORIST,
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING - CRASH
TYPE - BICYCLE equals 112, 151, 213,
214, 217 or 218, and VEHICLE
NUMBER - VEHICLE LEVEL equals
NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE
STRIKING NON-MOTORIST,

THEN
at least one PEDESTRIAN/BIKE
TYPING -PEDESTRIAN CRASH TYPE
should equal 211-214 or 219.

at least one PEDESTRIAN/BIKE
TYPING -PEDESTRIAN CRASH TYPE
should equal 460, 465, 510, 781, 782,
791, 792, 794, 795 or 799.

at least one PEDESTRIAN/BIKE
TYPING -BICYCLIST CRASH TYPE
should equal 610.

837

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838

2015

P5/NM5

AGE
FORMAT: 3 numeric
SAS NAME: Person.Age
ELEMENT VALUES:
Blank
Less than One Year
Actual Age*
Not Reported
Unknown

000
001-120
998
999

Definition: This element identifies the persons age, in years, with respect to the person's last
birthday.
Remarks:
This elements values and remarks are identical to Person Level (MV Occupant) Level element
P5. Please see page 725 for remarks.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(5W0P) RELATED FACTORS-PERSON
LEVEL equals 18,
(7P0F) PERSON TYPE equals 01,
(8P1P) PERSON TYPE equals 01, and AGE
is less than 008,
(9L0F) PERSON TYPE equals 01, and
RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER
LEVEL equals 12,
(D060) NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS equals
1-4, 6, or COMMERCIAL MOTOR
VEHICLE LICENSE STATUS equals
1-8, and PERSON TYPE equals 01,
(D620) NON-CDL LICENSE TYPE equals 7,
(D630)

NON-CDL LICENSE TYPE equals 2,

(D640)

AGE equals 014-017, and PERSON
TYPE equals 01,

2015

THEN
SEX must equal 2, and AGE must be
greater than 012.
AGE must not be less than 002.
BODY TYPE should equal 88, 91.
SEX must equal 2, and AGE must be
greater than 012.
AGE should not be less than 015.

AGE (for the driver) should equal
014-016.
AGE (for the driver) should equal
015-017.
NON-CDL LICENSE TYPE should
equal 2, 7.

839

P5/NM5
IF
(D650)
(P010)
(P020)
(P180)
(P1A0)
(U120)
(U360)

840

THEN

AGE equals 018-120, and PERSON
NON-CDL LICENSE TYPE should
TYPE equals 01,and NON-CDL
equal 1.
LICENSE STATUS does not equal 0,
PERSON TYPE equals 01
AGE should not be less than 012.
PERSON TYPE equals 02, 03, 09,
AGE should be less than 010, or equal
and PROTECTION SYSTEM USE
to 999.
equals 04, 10-12,
PERSON TYPE equals 01, and AGE
BODY TYPE should not equal 90.
is less than 009,
AGE is less than 012, and INJURY
FATAL INJURY AT WORK should
SEVERITY equals 4,
equal 0.
UNLIKELY: AGE should not be greater than 094, unless equal to 998, 999.
UNLIKELY: HIT-AND-RUN equals 0 or 9, and AGE equals 999.

2015

P6/NM6

SEX
FORMAT: 1 numeric
SAS NAME: Person.Sex
ELEMENT VALUES:
1
2
8
9

Male
Female
Not Reported
Unknown

Definition: This element identifies the sex of the person involved in the crash.
Remarks:
This elements values and remarks are identical to Person Level (MV Occupant) Level element
P6. Please see page 729 for remarks.
Consistency Checks:
IF

THEN

SEX must equal 2, and AGE must be
(5W0P) RELATED FACTORS-PERSON
greater than 012.
LEVEL equals 18,
SEX must equal 2, and AGE must be
(9L0F) PERSON TYPE equals 01, and
greater than 012.
RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER
LEVEL equals 12,
(U340) UNLIKELY: HIT-AND-RUN equals 0 or 9, and SEX equals 9.

2015

841

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842

2015

NM7

PERSON TYPE
FORMAT: 2 numeric
SAS NAME: Person.PER_TYP
ELEMENT VALUES:
04
05
06
07
08
10
19

Occupant of a Non-Motor Vehicle Transport Device
Pedestrian
Bicyclist
Other Cyclist
Person on Personal Conveyances
Persons In/On Buildings
Unknown Type of Non-Motorist

Definition: This element describes the role of this person involved in the crash.
Remarks:
04 (Occupant of a Non-Motor Vehicle Transport Device) refers to persons riding in an
animal-drawn conveyance, on an animal, or injured occupants of railway trains, etc.
05 (Pedestrian) is used for all pedestrians except for those in/on personal conveyances (See
08 (Persons on Personal Conveyances) below) and in buildings. A pedestrian pushing a
vehicle should be coded Pedestrian.
06 (Bicyclist) is used for a two-wheel, non-motorized cycle. Includes all persons (operator and
passengers) on a bicycle.
07 (Other Cyclist) is used for unicycles and tricycles.
08 (Person on Personal Conveyances): This attribute should be used for pedestrians using
personal conveyances. A personal conveyance is a device, other than a transport device,
used by a pedestrian for personal mobility assistance or recreation. These devices can be
motorized or human powered, but not propelled by pedaling.
Inclusions:
1) Rideable toys
2) Motorized rideable toys
— Roller Skates, In-Line
— Motorized skateboard
skates
— Motorized toy car
— Skateboards
3) Devices for personal mobility
— Skates
assistance
— Baby carriage
— Segway-style devices
— Scooters
— Motorized and non-motorized
— Toy Wagons
wheelchairs
2015

843

NM7
— Handicapped scooters
Exclusions:
— Golf cart
— Low Speed Vehicles (LSVs)
— Go-carts

—
—
—
—

Minibike
“Pocket” motorcycles
Motor scooters
Moped

Wheelchair: use the term, “wheelchair” as follows:
“Wheelchair - A mobility aid, usable indoors, and designed for and used by individuals with
mobility impairments, whether operated manually or powered.” Therefore all wheelchair users,
motorized or not, are 08 (Persons on Personal Conveyances).
RATIONALE:
Some states have passed legislation to classify operators of motorized wheelchairs as
“pedestrians” and others as “motor vehicles.” Also, there seems to be an increase in the
variety of forms these devices take (if not in the actual number in use). Some resemble 3wheeled scooters; others small four-wheel carts; still others look like the typical humanpowered wheelchair. They are in use by individuals who are unable to walk, who have limited
walking ability, or who need to avoid walking for reasons of health or stamina. Since these
devices simply supply a form of assisted “walking” for such persons, their legitimate users may
be seen as “other persons on personal conveyances” just as other non-motorists moving along
a sidewalk, walking with or against traffic on the edge of a road, crossing the roadway, or
turning into a driveway.
10 (Persons In/On Buildings) is used for a person inside of or on a building who is struck by
a motor vehicle. 10 (Persons In/On Buildings) takes precedence over attributes “05-08.”
19 (Unknown Type of Non-Motorist) is used only when it cannot be determined which
attribute is applicable for persons not in motor vehicles.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(050P)

(1N0F)

PERSON TYPE equals 04-08, 19,
and NUMBER OF VEHICLE FORMS
SUBMITTED equals 001,
RELATED FACTORS-PERSON
LEVEL equals 13,
PERSON TYPE equals 06,

(1N1F)

PERSON TYPE equals 10,

(1M1F)

844

THEN
NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE
STRIKING NON-MOTORIST must equal
001.
PERSON TYPE should equal 08.
RELATED FACTORS-PERSON LEVEL
(Not a MV Occupant) must not equal 09,
13, 69, 70, 86, 90.
RELATED FACTORS-PERSON LEVEL
(Not a MV Occupant) must not equal 09,
21, 37, 40-42, 51, 52, 56, 57, 60-70,
72-78, 80-83, 90, 91.

2015

NM7
IF
(1P2F)

PERSON TYPE equals 10,

(1P3F)

PERSON TYPE equals 10,

(1P4F)

PERSON TYPE equals 04,

(1P5F)

PERSON TYPE equals 06-08, 19,

(1P7F)

PERSON TYPE equals 04,

(1P8F)

PERSON TYPE equals 06, 07,

(1P9F)

PERSON TYPE equals 08,

(1P0G)

PERSON TYPE equals 05,

(1P1G)

PERSON TYPE equals 19,

(1P3G)

PERSON TYPE equals 04, 06, 07,

(1P4G)

PERSON TYPE equals 04, 06-08, 19,

(1P5G)

PERSON TYPE equals 08,

(1P6G)

PERSON TYPE equals 04, 06-08, 19,

(1P7G)

PERSON TYPE equals 05-07, 19,

(1P8G)

PERSON TYPE equals 10,

(3P0F)
(550F)

PERSON TYPE equals 03-08, 10, 19,
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 08,

(560F)

FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 09,

(590F)

FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 15,

(5Z0F)

SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals 08,

(6Z0F)

SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals 09,

2015

THEN
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME
OF CRASH must equal 25.
NON-MOTORIST ACTION/CIRCUMSTANCES must not equal 01-12, 16,
and NON-MOTORIST CONTRIBUTING
CIRCUMSTANCES must not equal
01-20.
NON-MOTORIST ACTION/CIRCUMSTANCES must not equal 04, 12.
NON-MOTORIST ACTION/CIRCUMSTANCES must not equal 04.
NON-MOTORIST ACTION/CIRCUMSTANCES should not equal 10, 11.
NON-MOTORIST ACTION/CIRCUMSTANCES should not equal 10-12.
NON-MOTORIST ACTION/CIRCUMSTANCES should not equal 11.
NON-MOTORIST CONTRIBUTING
CIRCUMSTANCES must not equal 07,
08, 10, 13-18, 20.
NON-MOTORIST ACTION/CIRCUMSTANCES should not equal 11, 12.
NON-MOTORIST CONTRIBUTING
CIRCUMSTANCES should not equal 04.
NON-MOTORIST CONTRIBUTING
CIRCUMSTANCES should not equal 05.
NON-MOTORIST CONTRIBUTING
CIRCUMSTANCES should not equal 20.
CONDITION (IMPAIRMENT) AT TIME
OF CRASH must not equal 03.
CONDITION (IMPAIRMENT) AT TIME
OF CRASH should not equal 04.
CONDITION (IMPAIRMENT) AT TIME
OF CRASH should not equal 01-10, 96.
INJURY SEVERITY should not equal 6.
at least one person must have PERSON
TYPE equal 05, 10.
at least one person must have PERSON
TYPE equal to 06, 07.
at least one Person Level form must
have a PERSON TYPE of 08.
at least one person must have PERSON
TYPE equal to 05, 10.
at least one person must have PERSON
TYPE equal to 06, 07.
845

NM7
IF

THEN

(880F)

RELATED FACTORS-CRASH LEVEL
equals 16,

(890F)

RELATED FACTORS-CRASH LEVEL
equals 15,

(8M0F)

PERSON TYPE equals 04,

(8Q0F)

PERSON TYPE equals 08,

(8T0F)

any NON-MOTORIST SAFETY
EQUIPMENT equals 2,
any SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals
15,

there must be a Person Level (Not a MV
Occupant) form with PERSON TYPE
equal to 04-08, 19.
there must be a Person Level (Not a MV
Occupant) form with PERSON TYPE
equal to 04-08, 10, 19.
RELATED FACTORS-PERSON LEVEL
(Not a MV Occupant) must not equal 13,
86, 90.
RELATED FACTORS-PERSON LEVEL
must not equal 09, 86, 90.
PERSON TYPE should equal 06-08.

(8Z0F)
(9M0F)

PERSON TYPE equals 05,

(9P0F)
(A612)

PERSON TYPE equals 04-08, 10, 19,
PERSON TYPE equals 04, and
NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE
STRIKING NON-MOTORIST
equals___,
PERSON TYPE equals 05, and
NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE
STRIKING NON-MOTORIST
equals___,
PERSON TYPE equals 06, and
NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE
STRIKING NON-MOTORIST
equals___,
PERSON TYPE equals 07, and
NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE
STRIKING NON-MOTORIST
equals___,
PERSON TYPE equals 08, and
NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE
STRIKING NON-MOTORIST
equals___,
PERSON TYPE equals 10, and
NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE
STRIKING NON-MOTORIST
equals___,

(A613)

(A614)

(A615)

(A616)

(A617)

846

at least one Person Level (Not a MV
Occupant) form must have a PERSON
TYPE code of 08.
RELATED FACTORS-PERSON LEVEL
(Not a MV Occupant) must not equal 13,
21, 26, 40, 42, 51, 52, 57, 68-70, 73-83,
88.
EXTRICATION must not equal 1, 9.
at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
must equal 10 or 49 for that vehicle
number in the CRASH EVENTS table.
at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
must equal 08 for that vehicle number
in the CRASH EVENTS table.
at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
must equal 09 for that vehicle number
in the CRASH EVENTS table.
at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
must equal 09 for that vehicle number
in the CRASH EVENTS table.
at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
must equal 15 for that vehicle number
in the CRASH EVENTS table.
at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
must equal 08 for that vehicle number
in the CRASH EVENTS table.

2015

NM7

(A618)

(A619)

(A61A)

(A61B)

(A61G)

(A61H)

(A61J)

2015

THEN

PERSON TYPE equals 19, and
NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE
STRIKING NON-MOTORIST
equals___,
the total count of PERSON TYPES
is equal to 05 for the vehicle in
NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE
STRIKING NON-MOTORIST is ____,
the total count of PERSON TYPES
is equal to 08 for the vehicle in
NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE
STRIKING NON-MOTORIST is ____,
the total count of PERSON TYPES
is equal to 10 for the vehicle in
NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE
STRIKING NON-MOTORIST is ____,
the FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
08, and PERSON TYPE equals 05,
and NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT
THE TIME OF CRASH equals 21, 22,
24, 25, 28, and the NUMBER OF
MOTOR VEHICLE STRIKING NONMOTORIST is involved in the first
harmful event,
the FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
09, and PERSON TYPE equals 06,
07, and NON-MOTORIST LOCATION
AT THE TIME OF CRASH equals 21,
22, 24, 25, 28, and the NUMBER OF
MOTOR VEHICLE STRIKING NONMOTORIST is involved in the first
harmful event,
the FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
15, and PERSON TYPE equals 08,
and NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT
THE TIME OF CRASH equals 21, 22,
24, 25, 28, and the NUMBER OF
MOTOR VEHICLE STRIKING NONMOTORIST is involved in the first
harmful event,

at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
must equal 99 for that vehicle number
in the CRASH EVENTS table.
the number of events equal to 08 in
the CRASH EVENTS table should
equal ____ for that vehicle.
the number of events equal to 15 in
the CRASH EVENTS table should
equal ____ for that vehicle.
the number of events equal to 08 in
the CRASH EVENTS table should
equal ____ for that vehicle.
CRASH TYPE should not equal 13 for
this vehicle.

CRASH TYPE should not equal 13 for
this vehicle.

847

NM7
IF
(A61K)

the FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
49, and PERSON TYPE equals 04,
and NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT
THE TIME OF CRASH equals 21, 22,
24, 25, 28, and the NUMBER OF
MOTOR VEHICLE STRIKING NONMOTORIST is involved in the first
harmful event,
PERSON TYPE equals 04-08, 10, 19,
PERSON TYPE equals 07,

THEN
CRASH TYPE should not equal 13 for
this vehicle.

EJECTION must equal 8.
RELATED FACTORS-PERSON LEVEL
(Not a MV Occupant) must not equal 09,
13, 69, 70, 86, 87, 90.
RELATED FACTORS-PERSON LEVEL
(CM0P) PERSON TYPE equals 19,
(Not a MV Occupant) must not equal 13,
69, 70, 90.
(FP0F) PERSON TYPE is blank, case status is flawed.
(FP9F) PERSON TYPE equals 05, 06, 07, 08 and the PEDESTRIAN/BIKE - CRASH
TYPE equals blank, case status is flawed.
(P071) PERSON TYPE equals 02, 04-08, 10, ALCOHOL TEST STATUS should not
and INJURY SEVERITY does not
equal 9, ALCOHOL TEST TYPE should
equal 4,
not equal 99, and ALCOHOL TEST
RESULT should not equal 999.
(P073) PERSON TYPE equals 02, 04-08, 10, DRUG TEST STATUS should not equal
and INJURY SEVERITY does not
9 and any DRUG TEST TYPE should
equal 4,
not equal 9, and any DRUG TEST
RESULTS should not equal 999.
(P074) PERSON TYPE equals 02, 04-08, 10, ALCOHOL TEST STATUS must not
and INJURY SEVERITY does not
equal 8, ALCOHOL TEST TYPE must
equal 4,
not equal 95, and ALCOHOL TEST
RESULT must not equal 995.
(P075) PERSON TYPE equals 02, 04-08, 10 DRUG TEST STATUS must not equal 8,
or 19, and INJURY SEVERITY does
any DRUG TEST TYPE must not equal
not equal 4,
6, and any DRUG TEST RESULTS must
not equal 095.
(PB22) SCHOOL BUS RELATED equals 1,
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH
and PERSON TYPE equals 05 or 08, TYPE - PEDESTRIAN should equal 342.
(PB23) PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING SCHOOL BUS RELATED should equal
CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN equals 1.
342, and PERSON TYPE equals 05
or 08,
(PB24) PERSON TYPE equals 05 or 08, and PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT
TYPE - PEDESTRIAN should equal 230,
TIME OF CRASH equals 14, 16, 20,
320, 410, 420, 430, 440, 459, 510, 520,
21, 22, 24 or 25,
590, 830 or 890.
(BF0F)
(CK0P)

848

2015

NM7

(PB25)

(PB26)

(PB27)
(PB28)
(PB29)
(PB36)
(PB49)

(PB50)

(PB52)

(PB59)

2015

THEN

PERSON TYPE equals 05 or 08, and
NON-MOTORIST CONTRIBUTING
CIRCUMSTANCES equals 01-03 or
09,
NON-MOTORIST CONTRIBUTING
CIRCUMSTANCES equals 02, and
PERSON TYPE equals 06 or 07,

NON-MOTORIST ACTION/CIRCUMSTANCES equals 05, and PERSON
TYPE equals 05 or 08,
NON-MOTORIST ACTION/CIRCUMSTANCES equals 06, and PERSON
TYPE equals 05 or 08,
NON-MOTORIST ACTION/CIRCUMSTANCES equals 04, and PERSON
TYPE equals 05 or 08,
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN equals
250,
PERSON TYPE equals 05 or 08, and
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR
TO RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL
EVENT) equals 13 for the vehicle
number identified in this person’s
NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE
STRIKING NON-MOTORIST,
PERSON TYPE equals 05 or 08, and
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR
TO RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL
EVENT) equals 10-12 or 16 for the
vehicle number identified in this
person’s NUMBER OF MOTOR
VEHICLE STRIKING NONMOTORIST.
PERSON TYPE equals 06 or 07, and
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR
TO RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL
EVENT) equals 13 for the vehicle
number identified in this person’s
NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE
STRIKING NON-MOTORIST,
NON-MOTORIST ACTION/CIRCUMSTANCES equals 16, and PERSON
TYPE equals 05 or 08,

at least one PEDESTRIAN/BIKE
TYPING - CRASH TYPE PEDESTRIAN should equal 211-214 or
219.

at least one PEDESTRIAN/BIKE
TYPING - CRASH TYPE PEDESTRIAN should equal 460, 465,
510, 781, 782, 791, 792, 794, 795 or
799.

at least one PEDESTRIAN/BIKE
TYPING - CRASH TYPE - BICYCLIST
should equal 610.

PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH
TYPE - PEDESTRIAN should equal 459.

849

NM7

(PB60)

850

THEN

PERSON TYPE equals 05 or 08, and
DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0 for the
motor vehicle which strikes the nonmotorist,

PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH
TYPE - PEDESTRIAN should equal 220.

2015

P8/NM8

INJURY SEVERITY
FORMAT: 1 numeric
SAS NAME: Person.Inj_Sev
ELEMENT VALUES:
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
9

No Apparent Injury (O)
Possible Injury (C)
Suspected Minor Injury (B)
Suspected Serious Injury (A)
Fatal Injury (K)
Injured, Severity Unknown
Died Prior to Crash*
Unknown

Definition: This element describes the severity of the injury to this person in the crash.
Remarks:
This elements values and remarks are identical to Person Level (MV Occupant) Level element
P8. Please see page 733 for remarks.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(1R0P)
(1R1P)
(1U1F)
(1U2F)
(2U1F)
(2U2F)
(2U3F)
(3P0F)
(4U0F)

2015

SEATING POSITION equals 51, and
BODY TYPE equals 50-52, 55, 58,
59,
If DIED AT SCENE/EN ROUTE
equals 7, 8,
INJURY SEVERITY equals 4,

THEN
INJURY SEVERITY must not equal 0, 9.
INJURY SEVERITY must equal 4.

DEATH DATE must not equal
88888888.
INJURY SEVERITY equals 4,
DEATH TIME must not equal 8888.
INJURY SEVERITY is not equal to 4,
DEATH DATE must equal 88888888.
INJURY SEVERITY is not equal to 4,
DEATH TIME must equal 8888.
INJURY SEVERITY equals 3,
TRANSPORTED TO FIRST MEDICAL
FACILITY BY should not equal 0.
PERSON TYPE equals 03-08, 10, 19, INJURY SEVERITY should not equal 6.
Each original submission must have at least one Person Level form with INJURY
SEVERITY coded 4.

851

P8/NM8
IF
(4V1F)

INJURY SEVERITY equals 4,

(7E0P)

INJURY SEVERITY equals 4,

(7E1P)
(7E2P)
(7E3P)

INJURY SEVERITY equals 4,
INJURY SEVERITY equals 4,
INJURY SEVERITY does not equal 4,

(7F0P)

THEN
DEATH DATE and DEATH TIME for this
person must be within 720 hours of the
CRASH DATE and CRASH TIME.
DEATH CERTIFICATE NUMBER must
NOT equal 0000-00-000000.
RACE must not equal 00.
HISPANIC ORIGIN must not equal 00.
RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN must
equal 00.
INJURY SEVERITY must equal 4.

DEATH CERTIFICATE NUMBER is
not blank or 0000-00-000000,
(7F1P) RACE equals 00,
INJURY SEVERITY must not equal 4.
(7F2P) HISPANIC ORIGIN equals 00,
INJURY SEVERITY must not equal 4.
INJURY SEVERITY must equal 4.
(7F3P) RACE is not equal to 00, and
HISPANIC ORIGIN is not equal to 00,
(7R0P) FATAL INJURY AT WORK equals 0,
INJURY SEVERITY must equal 4.
1, 9,
(7W0P) FATAL INJURY AT WORK equals 8
INJURY SEVERITY must not equal 4.
(FP8F) INJURY SEVERITY is blank, case status is flawed.
(P071) PERSON TYPE equals 02, 04-08, 10, ALCOHOL TEST STATUS should not
and INJURY SEVERITY does not
equal 9, ALCOHOL TEST TYPE should
equal 4,
not equal 99, and ALCOHOL TEST
RESULT should not equal 999.
(P072) PERSON TYPE equals 02, 03, and
POLICE REPORTED ALCOHOL
INJURY SEVERITY equals 0, and
INVOLVEMENT should equal 0, 8.
ALCOHOL TEST RESULT equals
996,
(P073) PERSON TYPE equals 02, 04-08, 10, DRUG TEST STATUS should not equal
and INJURY SEVERITY does not
9 and any DRUG TEST TYPE should
equal 4,
not equal 9, and any DRUG TEST
RESULTS should not equal 999.
(P1A0) AGE is less than 012, and INJURY
FATAL INJURY AT WORK should equal
SEVERITY equals 4,
0.
(P090) INJURY SEVERITY equals 0,
TRANSPORTED TO FIRST MEDICAL
FACILITY BY must equal 0.
(P130) BODY TYPE equals 60-67, 71, 72,
FATAL INJURY AT WORK should equal
78, 79, and PERSON TYPE equals
1.
01, 03, and INJURY SEVERITY
equals 4,
(P300) POLICE REPORTED ALCOHOL
ALCOHOL TEST STATUS should not
INVOLVEMENT equals 1, and
equal 0, 1.
INJURY SEVERITY equals 4,
(P53P) INJURY SEVERITY equals 0-3, 5, 6,
DIED AT SCENE/EN ROUTE must
equal 0.

852

2015

P8/NM8
IF
(U160)
(U350)

THEN

UNLIKELY: INJURY SEVERITY equals 6.
UNLIKELY: INJURY SEVERITY equals 1-6, and SEATING POSITION equals
98.

Consistency Check (GES Only):
IF
(5A4P)

FINAL STRATUM equals 1,

(5A5P)

FINAL STRATUM equals 5,

(5A6P)

FINAL STRATUM equals 2,

2015

853

P8/NM8
IF
(5A7P)

FINAL STRATUM equals 3,

(5A8P)

FINAL STRATUM equals 4,

(5A9P)

FINAL STRATUM equals 4, and
INJURY SEVERITY equals 1,

THEN
INJURY SEVERITY must equal 2-4 for
at least one person in the crash.
INJURY SEVERITY must not equal 2-4
for any person in the crash.
there should exist no vehicles where
BODY TYPE equals 60-79, and UNIT
TYPE equals 1.

Consistency Check (FARS Only):
IF
(4U0F)

854

THEN

Each original submission must have at least one Person Level form with INJURY
SEVERITY coded 4.

2015

NM9

PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING
FORMAT: Elements Completed in MDE
SAS NAME: Various
Definition: This element describes, through a series of on-screen prompts, the sequence of
events and precipitating actions leading to crashes between motor vehicles and pedestrians or
bicyclists.
Remarks:
Pedestrian and Bicycle Crash Type describes the pre-crash actions of the involved parties to
better define the sequence of events and precipitating actions leading to crashes between
motor vehicles and pedestrians or bicyclists.
During the 1970s, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration developed
methodologies for typing pedestrian and bicycle crashes. In the 1990s, the methodologies
were applied to more than 8,000 pedestrian and bicycle crashes in six States. The results
provided a representative summary of the distribution of crash types experienced by
pedestrians and bicyclists and, over time, this method has evolved and was refined.
Pedestrian/Bike typing is offered as a tool to help overcome hindrances to the development of
effective countermeasures to prevent bicyclist and pedestrian crashes
In FARS and GES, Pedestrian and Bicycle Crash Typing is accomplished through a software
application so that by simply following on-screen prompts and clicking on choices, the
analyst/coder successfully enters data into the file without actually doing any coding.
Since data input is software driven, elements, attributes and remarks are not presented here in
the printed manual. The data entry system automatically presents the application at the
appropriate time when a non-motorist with an appropriate person type is entered.
The Pedestrian/Bike Typing application is presented for the following person types:





2015

Pedestrian,
Persons on Personal Conveyances,
Bicyclist,
Other Cyclist.

855

NM9
Consistency Checks:
IF
(1PK2)
(1PK3)
(FP9F)
(PB00)
(PB02)
(PB04)

(PB05)

(PB06)
(PB07)

(PB08)

(PB09)
(PB10)

856

THEN

NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT
SIDEWALK PRESENT must equal 1.
TIME OF CRASH equals 21,
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT
MARKED CROSSWALK PRESENT must
TIME OF CRASH equals 01 or 10,
equal 1.
PERSON TYPE equals 05, 06, 07, 08 and the PEDESTRIAN/ CRASH TYPE
equals blank, case status is flawed.
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN equals for the striking vehicle must equal 08 or
110-910,
15.
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
CRASH TYPE - BICYCLIST equals
for the striking vehicle must equal 09.
111-980,
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) must not
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN for a
equal 02. Note: this edit is restricted to
vehicles which are involved in only one
person involved in the first harmful
event equals 211, 212, 461, 465, 680, event with pedestrian(s).
830, 890, 900 or 910,
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY must
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING equal 01 or 11. Note: this edit is
CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN for a
person involved in the first harmful
restricted to vehicles which are involved
in only one event with pedestrian(s).
event equals 311, 312 or 313,
TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE for the
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN equals striking vehicle must equal 01-03.
730,
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) must
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING equal 04 or 08. Note: this edit is
CRASH TYPE - BICYCLE for a
restricted to vehicles which are involved
person involved in the first harmful
event equals 311, 312, 313, 321, 322 in only one event with bicyclist(s)
or 323,
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) must
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING equal 02 or 03. Note: this edit is
CRASH TYPE - BICYCLIST for a
restricted to vehicles which are involved
person involved in the first harmful
in only one event with bicyclist(s).
event equals 141-144, 147, 151-157
or 159,
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE for the
CRASH TYPE - BICYCLIST equals
striking vehicle must not equal 00.
141, 143, 151-158, 217 or 218,
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE for the
CRASH TYPE - BICYCLIST equals
striking vehicle must equal 01-04.
151, 156, 157, 217 or 218,

2015

NM9

(PB11)
(PB12)

(PB15)
(PB16)

(PB17)

(PB18)
(PB19)
(PB20)
(PB21)
(PB22)
(PB23)

(PB24)

2015

THEN

PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - BICYCLIST equals
143 or 154,
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN for a
person involved in the first harmful
event equals 510, 520 or 590,
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN equals
910,
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - BICYCLIST equals
142, 144, 147, 153, 155, 156, 157,
159, 311, 312, 313, 318, 319 or 357,
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN for a
person involved in the first harmful
event equals 211-214 or 219,

TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE for the
striking vehicle must equal 01-04,08, 20,
21, 28 or 29.
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY must not
equal 01 or 11. Note: this edit is
restricted to vehicles which are involved
in only one event with pedestrian(s).
NON-MOTORIST ACTION/CIRCUMSTANCES must equal 03.

PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN equals
742,
NON-MOTORIST ACTION/CIRCUMSTANCES equals 08,
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN equals
510, 520 or 590,
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - BICYCLIST equals
160,
SCHOOL BUS RELATED equals 1,
and PERSON TYPE equals 05 or 08,
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN equals
342, and PERSON TYPE equals 05
or 08,
PERSON TYPE equals 05 or 08, and
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT
TIME OF CRASH equals 14, 16, 20,
21, 22, 24 or 25,

at least one NON-MOTORIST
CONTRIBUTING CIRCUMSTANCES
must equal 02.
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT)
must equal 08, 09, 13 or 97. Note: this
edit is restricted to vehicles which are
involved in only one event with
pedestrian(s).
at least one NON-MOTORIST
CONTRIBUTING CIRCUMSTANCES
must equal 01.
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH
TYPE - PEDESTRIAN must not equal
510, 520, 590, 830 or 890.
at least one NON-MOTORIST ACTION/
CIRCUMSTANCES must equal 02.
TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE for the
striking vehicle should equal 00.
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH
TYPE - PEDESTRIAN should equal 342.
SCHOOL BUS RELATED should equal
1.
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH
TYPE - PEDESTRIAN should equal 230,
320, 410, 420, 430, 440, 459, 510, 520,
590, 830 or 890.

857

NM9
IF

THEN

(PB25)

PERSON TYPE equals 05 or 08, and
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT
TIME OF CRASH equals 01-03 or 09,

(PB26)

NON-MOTORIST CONTRIBUTING
CIRCUMSTANCES equals 02, and
PERSON TYPE equals 06 or 07,

(PB27)

PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH
TYPE - PEDESTRIAN should equal 690,
710, 730, 741, 742, 760, 770, 781, 782,
791, 792, 794, 795 or 799.
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH
TYPE - BICYCLIST should equal 142,
144, 147, 153, 155, 156, 157, 159, 311,
312, 313, 318, 319 or 357.
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH
TYPE - PEDESTRIAN should equal 410
or 420.
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH
TYPE - PEDESTRIAN should equal 430
or 440.
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH
TYPE - PEDESTRIAN should equal 410,
420, 430, 440 or 459.
at least one DRIVER PRESENCE must
equal 0 for the vehicle number identified
in this person’s NUMBER OF MOTOR
VEHICLE STRIKING NON-MOTORIST.
at least one DRIVER'S VISION
OBSCURED BY must equal 06 for the
vehicle number identified in this person’s
NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE
STRIKING NON-MOTORIST.
at least one DRIVER'S VISION
OBSCURED BY must not equal 00 or 95
for the vehicle number identified in this
person’s NUMBER OF MOTOR
VEHICLE STRIKING NON-MOTORIST.
DRIVER'S VISION OBSCURED BY for
the striking vehicle must not equal 06.

(PB28)
(PB29)
(PB30)

(PB31)

PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - BICYCLIST equals
147, 157 or 357,

(PB32)

PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN equals
742,

(PB33)

PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - BICYCLIST equals
156,
NUMBER OF FORMS SUBMITTED
FOR PERSONS NOT IN MOTOR
VEHICLES equals 01, and FIRST
HARMFUL EVENT equals 08, and
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals
02,

(PB34)

858

PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING - CRASH
TYPE - PEDESTRIAN must not equal
320, 330, 360, 680, 830, 890, 900, or
910.

2015

NM9
IF
(PB35)

(PB36)
(PB37)
(PB38)

(PB39)

(PB40)

NUMBER OF FORMS SUBMITTED
FOR PERSONS NOT IN MOTOR
VEHICLES equals 01, and FIRST
HARMFUL EVENT equals 08, and
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals
02,
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN equals
250,
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN equals
311, 312 or 313,
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN equals
410 or 420, and PEDESTRIAN/BIKE
TYPING - PEDESTRIAN POSITION
does not equal 5,
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN equals
430 or 440, and PEDESTRIAN/BIKE
TYPING - PEDESTRIAN POSITION
does not equal 5,
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - BICYCLE equals
610,

(PB41)

PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - BICYCLIST equals
215,

(PB42)

PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - BICYCLIST equals
111, 211 or 212,

2015

THEN
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING - CRASH
LOCATION - PEDESTRIAN must equal
1.

PERSON TYPE must equal 08.
at least one NON-MOTORIST ACTION/
CIRCUMSTANCES must equal 08 or 10.
at least one NON-MOTORIST
ACTION/CIRCUMSTANCES must equal
05.
at least one NON-MOTORIST
ACTION/CIRCUMSTANCES must equal
06.
at least one PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT
(PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF
CRITICAL EVENT) must equal 08, 09 or
13 for the vehicle number identified in
this person’s NUMBER OF MOTOR
VEHICLE STRIKING NON-MOTORIST.
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT)
must equal 08 or 09 for the vehicle
number identified in this person’s
NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE
STRIKING NON-MOTORIST.
at least one PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT
(PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF
CRITICAL EVENT) must equal 11 or 17
for the vehicle number identified in this
person’s NUMBER OF MOTOR
VEHICLE STRIKING NON-MOTORIST.

859

NM9
IF
(PB43)

PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - BICYCLIST equals
112, 151, 213, 214, 217 or 218,

(PB44)

PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN equals
240,
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN equals
781 or 782,

(PB45)

(PB46)

PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - BICYCLIST equals
221-225,

(PB49)

(PB50)

(PB52)

860

THEN
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT)
must equal 10 or 17 for the vehicle
number identified in this person’s
NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE
STRIKING NON-MOTORIST.
EMERGENCY MOTOR VEHICLE USE
should equal 2-6 at least one.
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT)
must equal 11 or 17 for the vehicle
number identified in this person’s
NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE
STRIKING NON-MOTORIST.
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT)
should equal 01 for the vehicle number
identified in this person’s NUMBER OF
MOTOR VEHICLE STRIKING NONMOTORIST.
at least one PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING
- CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN should
equal 211-214 or 219.

at least one PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING
- CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN should
equal 460, 465, 510, 781, 782, 791, 792,
794, 795 or 799.

at least one PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING
- CRASH TYPE - BICYCLIST should
equal 610.

2015

NM9
IF
(PB56)

PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - BICYCLIST equals
791, 792, 794, 795,

(PB59)

NON-MOTORIST ACTION/CIRCUMSTANCES equals 16, and PERSON
TYPE equals 05 or 08,
PERSON TYPE equals 05 or 08, and
DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0 for the
motor vehicle which strikes the nonmotorist,
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN equals
220,
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN equals
220,
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN equals
230,
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING CRASH LOCATION - PEDESTRIAN
equals 1,
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING CRASH LOCATION - PEDESTRIAN
equals 2,
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING CRASH LOCATION - PEDESTRIAN
equals 3,
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING CRASH LOCATION - PEDESTRIAN
equals 4,
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING CRASH LOCATION - PEDESTRIAN
equals 9,
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING CRASH LOCATION - BICYLE equals
1,
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING CRASH LOCATION - BICYLE equals
2,

(PB60)

(PB61)
(PB62)
(PB63)
(PB66)
(PB67)
(PB68)
(PB69)
(PB70)
(PB71)
(PB72)

2015

THEN
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT)
must equal 10 or 17 for the vehicle
number identified in this person’s
NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE
STRIKING NON-MOTORIST.
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH
TYPE - PEDESTRIAN should equal 459.
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH
TYPE - PEDESTRIAN should equal 220.
DRIVER PRESENCE should equal 0 for
the motor vehicle striking the nonmotorist.
at least one NON-MOTORIST ACTION/
CIRCUMSTANCES PRIOR TO CRASH
must equal 12.
at least one RELATED FACTORS CRASH LEVEL should equal 19 or 23.
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME
OF CRASH must equal 01, 02, 03, 09, 16
or 22.
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME
OF CRASH must equal 10, 11, 13, 14,
16, 20-25, 28, 98, 99.
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME
OF CRASH must equal 10, 11, 13, 14,
16, 20-24, 28, 98, 99.
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME
OF CRASH must equal 24, 25, 98, 99.
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME
OF CRASH must equal 16, 22, 24, 98 or
99.
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME
OF CRASH must equal 01, 02, 03, 09, 16
or 22.
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME
OF CRASH must equal 10, 11, 13, 14,
16, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 28, 98, 99.

861

NM9
IF
(PB73)
(PB74)
(PB75)
(PB76)
(PB77)
(PB78)
(PB79)

PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING CRASH LOCATION - BICYLE equals
3,
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING CRASH LOCATION - BICYLE equals
4,
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING CRASH LOCATION - BICYLE equals
9,
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING PEDESTRIAN POSITION equals 01,
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING PEDESTRIAN POSITION equals 02,
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING PEDESTRIAN POSITION equals 03,
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING PEDESTRIAN POSITION equals 04,

(PB80)

PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING PEDESTRIAN POSITION equals 05,

(PB81)

PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING PEDESTRIAN POSITION equals 06,

(PB82)

PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING PEDESTRIAN POSITION equals 07
or 08,
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING PEDESTRIAN POSITION equals 09,

(PB83)
(PB84)
(PB85)
(PB86)
(PB87)
(PB88)

862

PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING BICYCLIST POSITION equals 1,
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING BICYCLIST POSITION equals 2,
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING BICYCLIST POSITION equals 3,
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING BICYCLIST POSITION equals 4,
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING BICYCLIST POSITION equals 5 or 6,

THEN
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME
OF CRASH must equal 10, 11, 13, 14,
16, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 28, 98, 99.
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME
OF CRASH must equal 24, 25, 98, 99.
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME
OF CRASH must equal 16, 22, 24, 98 or
99.
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME
OF CRASH must equal 03 or 16.
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME
OF CRASH must equal 01, 02 or 10.
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME
OF CRASH must equal 11, 13.
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME
OF CRASH must equal 14, 16, 20, 98 or
99.
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME
OF CRASH must equal 21, 23, 24, 98 or
99.
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME
OF CRASH must equal 20, 22, 28, 98 or
99.
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME
OF CRASH must equal 25.
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME
OF CRASH must equal 09, 20, 22, 28, 98
or 99.
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME
OF CRASH must equal 03, 09, 11 or 13.
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME
OF CRASH must equal 14, 16 or 20.
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME
OF CRASH must equal 01, 02, 10, 21,
23, 98 or 99.
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME
OF CRASH must equal 24.
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME
OF CRASH must equal 25.

2015

NM9
IF

THEN
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME
OF CRASH must equal 20, 22, 28, 98 or
99.
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME
OF CRASH must equal 22, 98 or 99.
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING PEDESTRIAN POSITION must equal 01,
02 or 09.
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING PEDESTRIAN POSITION must equal 03,
04, 05, 06, 07, 08 or 09.
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING PEDESTRIAN POSITION must equal 02,
03, 04, 05, 06 or 09.
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING PEDESTRIAN POSITION must equal 07,
08 or 09.
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING PEDESTRIAN POSITION must equal 02,
05 or 09.
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING BICYCLIST POSITION must equal 1, 2,
3, 8 or 9.
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING BICYCLIST POSITION must equal 1, 2,
3, 4, 8 or 9.
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING BICYCLIST POSITION must equal 4, 5,
6 or 9.
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING BICYCLIST POSITION must equal 9.

(PB89)

PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING BICYCLIST POSITION equals 8,

(PB90)

PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING BICYCLIST POSITION equals 9,
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING CRASH LOCATION - PEDESTRIAN
equals 1,
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING CRASH LOCATION - PEDESTRIAN
equals 2,
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING CRASH LOCATION - PEDESTRIAN
equals 3,
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING CRASH LOCATION - PEDESTRIAN
equals 4,
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING CRASH LOCATION - PEDESTRIAN
equals 9,
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING CRASH LOCATION - BICYLE equals
1,
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING CRASH LOCATION - BICYLE equals
3,
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING CRASH LOCATION - BICYLE equals
4,
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING CRASH LOCATION-BICYLE equals
9,
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - BICYCLE equals 111, RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT)
should equal 11.
211, 212, and VEHICLE NUMBER VEHICLE LEVEL equals NUMBER
OF MOTOR VEHICLE STRIKING
NON-MOTORIST,

(PB91)
(PB92)
(PB93)
(PB94)
(PB95)
(PB96)
(PB97)
(PB98)
(PB99)
(PBA0)

2015

863

NM9
IF
(PBA1)

864

THEN

PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
CRASH TYPE - BICYCLE equals 112, RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT)
151, 213, 214, 217 or 218, and
should equal 10.
VEHICLE NUMBER - VEHICLE
LEVEL equals NUMBER OF MOTOR
VEHICLE STRIKING NONMOTORIST,

2015

NM10

NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME OF CRASH
FORMAT: 2 numeric
SAS NAME: Person.LOCATION
ELEMENT VALUES:
01
02
03
09
10
11
13
14
16
20
21
22
23
24
25
28
98
99

At Intersection-In Marked Crosswalk
At Intersection-Unmarked / Unknown if Marked Crosswalk
At Intersection-Not In Crosswalk
At Intersection-Unknown Location
Not At Intersection-In Marked Crosswalk
Not At Intersection-On Roadway, Not in Marked Crosswalk
Not At Intersection-On Roadway, Crosswalk Availability Unknown
Parking Lane/Zone
Bicycle Lane
Shoulder/Roadside
Sidewalk
Median/Crossing Island
Driveway Access
Shared-Use Path
Non-Trafficway Area
Other
Not Reported
Unknown Location

Definition: This element identifies the location of the non-motorist with respect to the roadway
at the time of the crash.
Remarks:
"At intersection” means: The person is on a roadway (travel lane) either (1) in the intersection,
(2) in an area between a crosswalk and the perimeter of the intersection, or (3) in a crosswalk
(whether marked or unmarked)adjacent to an intersection. If there are no crosswalks, “at
intersection” means only the intersection, which is the area embraced within the prolongation
of the lateral curb lines or, if none, the lateral boundary lines of the roadways.
Crosswalk is (1) that part of a roadway at an intersection included within the connections of the
lateral lines of the sidewalks on opposite sides of the highway measured from the curbs or, in
the absence of curbs, from the edges of the traversable roadway, and in the absence of a
sidewalk on one side of the highway, that part of the highway included within the extension of
the lateral line of the existing sidewalk to the side of the highway without the sidewalk, with
such extension forming a right angle to the centerline of the highway; or (2) Any portion of a
roadway at an intersection or elsewhere distinctly indicated for pedestrian crossing by lines or
2015

865

NM10
other markings on the surface of the roadway placed in accordance with the provisions in the
Manual of Uniform Traffic Control Devices.
Intersection is an area that (1) contains a crossing or connection of two or more roadways not
classified as driveway access (2) is embraced within the prolongation of the lateral curb lines,
or, if none, the lateral boundary lines of the roadways.
01 (At Intersection-In Marked Crosswalk) is used when a person is in that portion of a
roadway at an intersection that is distinctly indicated for pedestrian crossing by lines or other
markings on the surface of the roadway. This attribute includes shared-use path crossings.
This does not include crosswalks located in mid-blocks.
02 (At Intersection-In Unmarked/Unknown if Marked Crosswalk) is used when the person
is “at intersection” within the prolongations of the sidewalk edges but there are no lines or other
markings on the surface of the roadway (unmarked crosswalk). There must be a sidewalk or
improved path present on one side of the leg of the trafficway that this person is crossing for
there to be an unmarked crosswalk. If there are no sidewalks, there are no crosswalks. If it is
unknown if the crosswalk is marked or unmarked, default to unmarked.

In a 4 four-way intersection with sidewalks running along the East/West trafficway and no
sidewalks on the North/South trafficway, the intersection area would only have 2 crosswalks.
The two that allow crossing of the North/South trafficway.
03 (At Intersection-Not In Crosswalk) refers to a person in a travel lane that is not using an
available crosswalk or there is not a crosswalk at this location.

866

2015

NM10
09 (At Intersection-Unknown Location) is used when a person is known to be at an
intersection, but it cannot be determined whether the person was in a crosswalk area (marked
or unmarked) or the intersection.
10 (Not At Intersection-In Marked Crosswalk) is used when a person is in the portion of the
roadway, not at an intersection, that is distinctly indicated for pedestrian crossing by lines or
other markings on the surface of the roadway. (i.e., the case identifies a mid-block crosswalk
exists and the person is using it.) This attribute includes shared-use path crossings.
11 (Not At Intersection-On Roadway, Not in Marked Crosswalk) is used when a person is
in the portion of the roadway, not at an intersection, and either:
(1) the case identifies a mid-block crosswalk exists and the person is not using it, or
(2) there is not a crosswalk at this location (e.g., the person is jaywalking when a mid-block
crosswalk is available), or
(3) the person is crossing at a location where a mid-block crosswalk would not be expected
to exist (e.g., a rural roadway or interstate).
13 (Not At Intersection - On Roadway, Crosswalk Availability Unknown) is used when it
cannot be determined if a crosswalk was available. (e.g., there is some information (possibly
conflicting) that leads you to believe that there may be a mid-block crosswalk at this location,
but there is not sufficient information about the location to be able to make a determination.)
14 (Parking Lane/Zone) refers to a person in an area on the roadway, or next to the roadway,
on which parking is permitted in marked or unmarked spaces. This includes curbside and edge
of roadway parking (for example, legal residential parking, city-street parking, etc.). Sometimes
a strip of roadway can be designated for parking at certain hours of the day (parking lane) and
for regular travel at other hours (travel lane). This code should NOT be used during hours
when parking is NOT permitted (see 11 (Not At Intersection-On Roadway, Not in Marked
Crosswalk)).
16 (Bicycle Lane) is used when a person is adjacent to travel lanes in a bikeway which has
been designated for preferential or exclusive use by pedalcyclists through striping, signage, or
pavement markings. This attribute includes pedalcyclists in a marked bicycle lane in an
intersection (i.e., do not use 03 (At Intersection-Not In Crosswalk)). For persons other than
pedalcyclists in a marked bicycle lane in an intersection, use 03 (At Intersection-Not in
Crosswalk). If you do not know if there is a marked bike lane through the intersection then
default to 03 (At Intersection-Not In Crosswalk).
20 (Shoulder/Roadside) - Shoulder is that part of a trafficway contiguous with the roadway for
emergency use, for accommodation of stopped motor vehicles, and lateral support of the
roadway structure. Roadside is the outermost part of the trafficway from the property line or
other boundary in to the edge of the first road. For persons on a sidewalk on the roadside
select 21 (Sidewalk).
21 (Sidewalk) is any improved surface primarily constructed for use by pedestrians. Do not
select this attribute for sidewalks within a 23 (Driveway Access), 22 (Median/Crossing
Island), 25 (Non-Trafficway Area).
2015

867

NM10
22 (Median/Crossing Island) is used when a person is in a median or crossing island. Median
is an area of trafficway between parallel roads separating travel in opposite directions. A
median should be four or more feet wide. Crossing Island is a cement or grassy area in the
middle of a trafficway. This attribute excludes crosswalk areas that pass through a median,
crossing or traffic island (i.e., select 01 (At Intersection-In Marked Crosswalk), 02 (At
Intersection-In Unmarked/Unknown if Marked Crosswalk), or 10 (Not At Intersection-In
Marked Crosswalk).)
23 (Driveway Access) is a portion of the trafficway at the end of a driveway providing access
to property adjacent to a trafficway. This includes the driveway crossing which is the portion of
the driveway access where a sidewalk or shared-use path crosses over the driveway access.
24 (Shared-Use Path) is used when a person on a bikeway physically separated from
motorized vehicular traffic by an open space or barrier and either within the highway right-ofway or an independent right-of-way. Shared-Use Paths will also be used by pedestrians,
skaters, wheelchairs, joggers and other non-motorized users. Shared-use path crossings are
coded under 01 (At Intersection-In Marked Crosswalk) or 10 (Not At Intersection-In
Marked Crosswalk).
25 (Non-Trafficway Area) is not physically located on any land way open to the public as a
matter of right or custom for moving persons or property from one place to another. For
example: a person in a parking lot, a yard, a person in a closed portion of a work zone, or in a
house
28 (Other) is used when a person is at a location stated in the case materials that is not
reflected in the listed attributes for this data element. These would be persons within the
trafficway (i.e., not element value 25 (Non-Trafficway Area)). Examples include central
islands of rotary intersections, gores, separators or directional/channelizing islands.
If a PAR data element is coded with the attribute “Other” but the officer does not specify
what this refers to:
1. Code 28 (Other) if the PAR attribute choices can be matched to or include all the
attributes in FARS/GES.
2. Code 98 (Not Reported) if the PAR choices cannot be matched to or include all
the attributes in FARS/GES.
98 (Not Reported)
If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable,
then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”.
Code 98 (Not Reported) in these two situations:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the information
to code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials)
868

2015

NM10
2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case
materials).
99 (Unknown Location) is used when the case materials state that the location of the nonmotorist was unknown at the time of the crash.
*Note: In 2011, GES adopted the FARS element format. Prior to 2011 the GES Non-Motorist
Location at Time of Crash data element contained one additional attributes - 0 (Motor Vehicle
Occupant).
Consistency Checks:
IF
(1P2F)

PERSON TYPE equals 10,

(1P9G) NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT THE
TIME OF CRASH equals 20,
(1P0H)

NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT THE
TIME OF CRASH equals 21,

(1P1H)

NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT THE
TIME OF CRASH equals 22,

(1P2H)

NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT THE
TIME OF CRASH equals 23,

(1P3H)

NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT THE
TIME OF CRASH equals 24,

(1P4H)

NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT THE
TIME OF CRASH equals 25,

(1P5H)

NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT THE
TIME OF CRASH equals 28, 98, 99,

(1P6H)

NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT THE
TIME OF CRASH equals 16,

(1P7H)

NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT THE
TIME OF CRASH equals 21,

2015

THEN
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME
OF CRASH must equal 25.
NON-MOTORIST CONTRIBUTING
CIRCUMSTANCES must not equal
02-04, 15.
NON-MOTORIST CONTRIBUTING
CIRCUMSTANCES must not equal
02-04, 07-10, 15, 16, 20.
NON-MOTORIST CONTRIBUTING
CIRCUMSTANCES must not equal 01,
02, 04, 07, 08, 11, 15, 20.
NON-MOTORIST CONTRIBUTING
CIRCUMSTANCES must not equal 12,
15.
NON-MOTORIST CONTRIBUTING
CIRCUMSTANCES must not equal 01,
03, 04, 10, 11.
NON-MOTORIST CONTRIBUTING
CIRCUMSTANCES must not equal
01-04, 10-12, 15-17, 20.
NON-MOTORIST CONTRIBUTING
CIRCUMSTANCES should not equal 01,
03, 04, 10-12, 15, 16, 20.
NON-MOTORIST CONTRIBUTING
CIRCUMSTANCES should not equal 04,
16.
NON-MOTORIST CONTRIBUTING
CIRCUMSTANCES should not equal 01,
05, 11, 12, 17.

869

NM10
IF
(1P8H)
(1P9H)
(1PH0)
(1PK2)
(1PK3)
(440F)

(450F)

(460F)

(470F)

(480F)

(490F)

(530F)

(531F)

870

THEN

NON-MOTORIST CONTRIBUTING
CIRCUMSTANCES should not equal 02.
NON-MOTORIST CONTRIBUTING
CIRCUMSTANCES should not equal 02,
05, 12, 15, 16.
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT THE NON-MOTORIST CONTRIBUTING
CIRCUMSTANCES should not equal
TIME OF CRASH equals 25,
07-09.
SIDEWALK PRESENT must equal 1.
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT
TIME OF CRASH equals 21,
MARKED CROSSWALK PRESENT
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT
must equal 1.
TIME OF CRASH equals 01 or 10,
there must be at least one Person Level
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
(Not a MV Occupant) form with NON08, 09, 15, and RELATION TO
MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME OF
TRAFFICWAY equals 01,
CRASH equal to 01-03, 09-11, 13, 16,
23, 98 or 99.
there must be at least one Person Level
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
(Not a MV Occupant) form with NON08, 09, 15, and RELATION TO
MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME OF
TRAFFICWAY equals 07,
CRASH equal to 14.
there must be at least one Person Level
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
(Not a MV Occupant) form with NON08, 09, 15, and RELATION TO
MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME OF
TRAFFICWAY equals 02,
CRASH equal to 02, 20.
there must be at least one Person Level
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
(Not a MV Occupant) form with NON08, 09, 15, and RELATION TO
MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME OF
TRAFFICWAY equals 03, 08, 10,
CRASH equal to 20, 22, 98, 99.
there must be at least one Person Level
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
(Not a MV Occupant) form with NON08, 09, 15, and RELATION TO
MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME OF
TRAFFICWAY equals 04, 06,
CRASH equal to 09, 16, 20, 21, 24, 25,
28, 98, 99.
there must be at least one Person Level
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
(Not a MV Occupant) form with NON08, 09, 15, and RELATION TO
MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME OF
TRAFFICWAY equals 05,
CRASH equal to 24, 25.
there must be at least one Person Level
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
(Not a MV Occupant) form with NON08, 09, 15, and RELATION TO
MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME OF
TRAFFICWAY equals 99,
CRASH equal to 09, 98, 99.
there must be at least one Person Level
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
(Not a MV Occupant) form with NON08, 09, 15, and RELATION TO
MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME OF
TRAFFICWAY equals 11,
CRASH equal to 11.
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT THE
TIME OF CRASH equals 23,
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT THE
TIME OF CRASH equals 24,

2015

NM10
IF
(A61G) the FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
08, and PERSON TYPE equals 05,
and NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT
THE TIME OF CRASH equals 21, 22,
24, 25, 28, and the NUMBER OF
MOTOR VEHICLE STRIKING NONMOTORIST is involved in the first
harmful event,
(A61H) the FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
09, and PERSON TYPE equals 06,
07, and NON-MOTORIST LOCATION
AT THE TIME OF CRASH equals 21,
22, 24, 25, 28, and the NUMBER OF
MOTOR VEHICLE STRIKING NONMOTORIST is involved in the first
harmful event,
(A61J) the FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
15, and PERSON TYPE equals 08,
and NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT
THE TIME OF CRASH equals 21, 22,
24, 25, 28, and the NUMBER OF
MOTOR VEHICLE STRIKING NONMOTORIST is involved in the first
harmful event,
(A61K) the FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
49, and PERSON TYPE equals 04,
and NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT
THE TIME OF CRASH equals 21, 22,
24, 25, 28, and the NUMBER OF
MOTOR VEHICLE STRIKING NONMOTORIST is involved in the first
harmful event,
(PB24) PERSON TYPE equals 05 or 08, and
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT
TIME OF CRASH equals 14, 16, 20,
21, 22, 24 or 25,
(PB25) PERSON TYPE equals 05 or 08, and
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT
TIME OF CRASH equals 01-03 or 09,
(PB66)
(PB67)

2015

PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING CRASH LOCATION - PEDESTRIAN
equals 1,
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING CRASH LOCATION - PEDESTRIAN
equals 2,

THEN
CRASH TYPE should not equal 13 for
this vehicle.

CRASH TYPE should not equal 13 for
this vehicle.

PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH
TYPE - PEDESTRIAN should equal 230,
320, 410, 420, 430, 440, 459, 510, 520,
590, 830 or 890.
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH
TYPE - PEDESTRIAN should equal 690,
710, 730, 741, 742, 760, 770, 781, 782,
791, 792, 794, 795 or 799.
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME
OF CRASH must equal 01, 02, 03, 09 or
22.
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME
OF CRASH must equal 10, 11, 13, 14,
16, 20-25, 28, 98, 99.
871

NM10
IF
(PB68)
(PB69)
(PB70)
(PB71)
(PB72)
(PB73)
(PB74)
(PB75)
(PB76)
(PB77)
(PB78)
(PB79)

PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING CRASH LOCATION - PEDESTRIAN
equals 3,
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING CRASH LOCATION - PEDESTRIAN
equals 4,
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING CRASH LOCATION - PEDESTRIAN
equals 9,
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING CRASH LOCATION - BICYLE equals
1,
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING CRASH LOCATION - BICYLE equals
2,
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING CRASH LOCATION - BICYLE equals
3,
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING CRASH LOCATION - BICYLE equals
4,
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING CRASH LOCATION - BICYLE equals
9,
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING PEDESTRIAN POSITION equals 1,
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING PEDESTRIAN POSITION equals 2,
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING PEDESTRIAN POSITION equals 3,
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING PEDESTRIAN POSITION equals 4,

(PB80)

PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING PEDESTRIAN POSITION equals 5,

(PB81)

PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING PEDESTRIAN POSITION equals 6,

(PB82)

PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING PEDESTRIAN POSITION equals 7 or
8,
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING PEDESTRIAN POSITION equals 9,

(PB83)

872

THEN
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME
OF CRASH must equal 10, 11, 13, 14,
16, 20-24, 28, 98, 99.
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME
OF CRASH must equal 24, 25, 98, 99.
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME
OF CRASH must equal 16, 22, 24, 98 or
99.
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME
OF CRASH must equal 01, 02, 03, 09,
16 or 22.
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME
OF CRASH must equal 10, 11, 13, 14,
16, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 28, 98, 99.
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME
OF CRASH must equal 10, 11, 13, 14,
16, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 28, 98, 99.
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME
OF CRASH must equal 24, 25, 98, 99.
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME
OF CRASH must equal 16, 22, 24, 98 or
99.
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME
OF CRASH must equal 03.
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME
OF CRASH must equal 01, 02 or 10.
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME
OF CRASH must equal 11, 13.
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME
OF CRASH must equal 14, 16, 20, 98 or
99.
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME
OF CRASH must equal 21, 23, 24, 98 or
99.
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME
OF CRASH must equal 20, 22, 28, 98 or
99.
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME
OF CRASH must equal 25
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME
OF CRASH must equal 09, 20, 22, 28,
98 or 99.
2015

NM10
IF
(PB84)
(PB85)
(PB86)
(PB87)
(PB88)
(PB89)
(PB90)
(U150)

2015

THEN

PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING BICYCLIST POSITION equals 1,
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING BICYCLIST POSITION equals 2,
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING BICYCLIST POSITION equals 3,

NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME
OF CRASH must equal 03, 09, 11 or 13.
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME
OF CRASH must equal 14, 16 or 20.
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME
OF CRASH must equal 01, 02, 10, 21,
23, 98 or 99.
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING BICYCLIST POSITION equals 4,
OF CRASH must equal 24.
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME
BICYCLIST POSITION equals 5 or 6, OF CRASH must equal 25.
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME
BICYCLIST POSITION equals 8,
OF CRASH must equal 20, 22, 28, 98 or
99.
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING BICYCLIST POSITION equals 9,
OF CRASH must equal 22, 98 or 99.
UNLIKELY: NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME OF CRASH equals 16, 25.

873

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874

2015

NM11

NON-MOTORIST ACTION/CIRCUMSTANCES
FORMAT: 2 numeric. Select all that apply.
SAS NAME: nmprior.MPR_ACT
ELEMENT VALUES:
01
02
03
04
05
06
16
08
09
10
11
12
14
98
99

Going To or From School (K-12)
Waiting to Cross Roadway
Crossing Roadway
Jogging/Running
Movement Along Roadway with Traffic (In or Adjacent to Travel Lane)
Movement Along Roadway Against Traffic (In or Adjacent to Travel Lane)
Movement Along Roadway - Direction Unknown
In Roadway - Other (Working, Playing, etc.)
Adjacent to Roadway (e.g., Shoulder, Median)
Working in Trafficway (Incident Response)
Entering/Exiting Parked or Stopped Vehicle
Disabled Vehicle Related (Working on, Pushing, Leaving/Approaching)
Other (Specify:)
Not Reported
Unknown

Definition: This element describes the action(s) of the non-motorist at the time of their
involvement in the crash.
Remarks:
Select all that apply.
01 (Going To or From School [K-12]) includes person age 5-18 or an adult supervising
persons age 5 - 18 going to or from a school for any reason. Examples are going to a school
dance, sports practice or extracurricular activities.
02 (Waiting to Cross Roadway) is used when the non-motorist is near the curb or the
roadway edge waiting to cross a roadway anywhere along the roadway. If the pedestrian
began to cross the roadway, stopped, and then was struck select 03 (Crossing the
Roadway). For person's adjacent to the roadway where their intent to cross is not identified,
use 09 (Adjacent to Roadway).
03 (Crossing Roadway) is used when the non-motorist was moving across or in the travel
lanes with the goal of crossing the roadway.
04 (Jogging/Running) is used when the pedestrian was running or jogging.
2015

875

NM11
05 (Movement Along Roadway with Traffic [In or Adjacent to Travel Lane]) is used when
the non-motorist was moving in the same direction as the flow of traffic, either in the travel lane
or adjacent to it (e.g. jogging or walking on shoulder or roadside). This also includes situations
where the person's action/intent was traveling along the roadway. For example a person
stopped momentarily when they were struck (e.g., to tie shoes, talk on cell phone) or someone
that moved out into the path of a vehicle to avoid an obstacle along the roadside. This may
include the roadway edge, shoulder (paved or unpaved), sidewalk, roadside, median or
driveway access, etc.
06 (Movement Along Roadway Against Traffic [In or Adjacent to Travel Lane]) is used
when the non-motorist was moving in the opposite direction of the flow of traffic (facing
oncoming vehicles), either in the travel lane or adjacent to it. (e.g. jogging or walking on
shoulder or roadside.) This also includes situations where the person's action/intent was
traveling along the roadway. For example a person stopped momentarily when they were
struck (e.g., to tie shoes, talk on cell phone) or someone that moved out into the path of a
vehicle to avoid an obstacle along the roadside. This may include the roadway edge, shoulder
(paved or unpaved), sidewalk, roadside, median, or driveway access, etc.
16 (Movement Along Roadway - Direction Unknown) is used when the non-motorist was
moving in or adjacent to a travel lane but their direction with respect to the flow of traffic is
unknown. (e.g. jogging or walking on shoulder or roadside.) This may include the roadway
edge, shoulder (paved or unpaved), sidewalk, roadside, median, or driveway access, etc.
08 (In Roadway - Other [Working, Playing, Etc.]) is used when the non-motorist was in the
roadway but not crossing it. Examples include conducting maintenance, playing in the
roadway, operating a snow blower or lawn care equipment, or lying in the roadway. For cases
involving a non-motorist working within a closed portion of a work zone area, use attribute 14
(Other).
09 (Adjacent to Roadway [e.g., Shoulder, Median]) is used when the non-motorist was not
moving and not in the roadway but in an area immediately adjacent to the roadway, such as a
median, shoulder or sidewalk.
10 (Working in Trafficway [Incident Response]) is used when the non-motorist was in the
roadway as part of an official response to an incident, such as a firefighter moving between an
emergency vehicle and a crash involved vehicle.
11 (Entering/Exiting Parked/Stopped Vehicle) is used when a pedestrian was adjacent to a
stopped or parked vehicle and in the process of getting into or had just exited that stopped or
parked vehicle. This does not include crashes involving pedestrians performing other actions
such as crossing the roadway to/from a parked vehicle or other movements that occurred after
the pedestrian exited the vehicle.
12 (Disabled Vehicle Related [Working on, Pushing, Leaving/Approaching]) is used when
the pedestrian was outside of a disabled vehicle for any of a number of reasons, including
working on it, pushing it, leaving it, or approaching it.

876

2015

NM11
14 (Other [Specify:]) is used when the actions or circumstances stated in the case materials
do not reflect the listed attributes for this data element. This includes non-motorists working
within a closed portion of a work zone area.
*Note: for attributes with a “Specify:” designation, a fill-in text box will open in MDE. This text
box should be used to provide additional detail about the attribute selection. Please include a
specific reason for this selection.
98 (Not Reported)
If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable,
then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”.
Code 98 (Not Reported) in these two situations:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the information
to code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials)
2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case
materials).
99 (Unknown) is used when the case materials state that the action or circumstances of the
non-motorist prior to the crash was unknown.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(1P3F)

PERSON TYPE equals 10,

(1P4F)

PERSON TYPE equals 04,

(1P5F)

PERSON TYPE equals 06-08, 19,

(1P7F)

PERSON TYPE equals 04,

(1P8F)

PERSON TYPE equals 06, 07,

2015

THEN
NON-MOTORIST ACTION/CIRCUMSTANCES must not equal 01-12, 16,
and NON-MOTORIST CONTRIBUTING
CIRCUMSTANCES must not equal
01-20.
NON-MOTORIST ACTION/CIRCUMSTANCES must not equal 04, 12.
NON-MOTORIST ACTION/CIRCUMSTANCES must not equal 04.
NON-MOTORIST ACTION/CIRCUMSTANCES should not equal 10, 11.
NON-MOTORIST ACTION/CIRCUMSTANCES should not equal
10-12.

877

NM11
IF
(1P9F)

PERSON TYPE equals 08,

(1P1G) PERSON TYPE equals 19,
(4X5F)

NON-MOTORIST ACTION/CIRCUMSTANCES is selected 04,

(4X7F)

any NON-MOTORIST ACTION/
CIRCUMSTANCES equals 98 or 99,
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN equals
910,
NON-MOTORIST ACTION/CIRCUMSTANCES equals 08,

(PB15)
(PB19)
(PB20)
(PB27)
(PB28)
(PB29)
(PB37)
(PB38)
(PB39)
(PB58)
(PB59)
(PB62)

878

THEN
NON-MOTORIST ACTION/CIRCUMSTANCES should not equal 11.
NON-MOTORIST ACTION/CIRCUMSTANCES should not equal 11, 12.
NON-MOTORIST ACTION/CIRCUMSTANCES attributes 05, 06 or 16 should
also be selected.
only that one code and no other must be
coded for this person.
NON-MOTORIST ACTION/ CIRCUMSTANCES must equal 03.
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH
TYPE - PEDESTRIAN must not equal
510, 520, 590, 830 or 890.
at least one NON-MOTORIST ACTION/
CIRCUMSTANCES must equal 02.

PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN equals
510, 520 or 590,
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH
NON-MOTORIST ACTION/CIRCUMTYPE - PEDESTRIAN should equal 410
STANCES equals 05, and PERSON
or 420.
TYPE equals 05 or 08,
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH
NON-MOTORIST ACTION/CIRCUMTYPE - PEDESTRIAN should equal 430
STANCES equals 06, and PERSON
or 440.
TYPE equals 05 or 08,
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH
NON-MOTORIST ACTION/CIRCUMTYPE - PEDESTRIAN should equal 410,
STANCES equals 04, and PERSON
420, 430, 440 or 459.
TYPE equals 05 or 08,
at least one NON-MOTORIST ACTION/
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN equals CIRCUMSTANCES must equal 08 or 10.
311, 312 or 313,
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING at least one NON-MOTORIST ACTION/
CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN equals CIRCUMSTANCES must equal 05.
410 or 420,
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING at least one NON-MOTORIST ACTION/
CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN equals CIRCUMSTANCES must equal 06.
430 or 440,
NON-MOTORIST ACTION/CIRCUMSTANCES must not equal 05, 06 or 16 in
combination.
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH
NON-MOTORIST ACTION/
TYPE - PEDESTRIAN should equal 459.
CIRCUMSTANCES equals 16, and
PERSON TYPE equals 05 or 08,
at least one NON-MOTORIST ACTION/
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN equals CIRCUMSTANCES must equal 12.
220,

2015

NM11
IF
(PB64)

2015

any NON-MOTORIST ACTION/
CIRCUMSTANCES equals 03 or 09,

THEN
the NON-MOTORIST ACTION/
CIRCUMSTANCES must not also equal
05, 06 or 16 for this person.

879

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880

2015

NM12

NON-MOTORIST CONTRIBUTING CIRCUMSTANCES
FORMAT: 2 numeric. Select all that apply.
SAS NAME: nmcrash.MTM_CRSH
ELEMENT VALUES:
00
01
11
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
99

None Noted
Dart-Out
Dash
Failure to Yield Right-Of-Way
Failure to Obey Traffic Signs, Signals or Officer
In Roadway Improperly (Standing, Lying, Working, Playing, etc.)
Entering/Exiting Parked or Stopped Vehicle
Inattentive (Talking, Eating, etc.)
Improper Turn/Merge
Improper Passing
Wrong-Way Riding or Walking
Riding on Wrong Side of Road
Improper Crossing of Roadway or Intersection (Jaywalking)
Failing to Have Lights on When Required
Operating Without Required Equipment
Improper or Erratic Lane Changing
Failure to Keep in Proper Lane or Running Off Road
Making Improper Entry to or Exit from Trafficway
Operating in Other Erratic, Reckless, Careless or Negligent Manner
Not Visible (Dark Clothing, No Lighting, etc.)
Passing with Insufficient Distance or Inadequate Visibility or Failing to Yield to
Overtaking Vehicle
Other (Specify:)
Unknown

Definition: This element describes the action(s) and/or circumstances of the non-motorist that
law enforcement indicated may have contributed to the crash.
Remarks:
00 (None Noted) is used when no contributing circumstances or improper actions are noted by
the officer for this non-motorist. “Not Reported” is coded here. If this attribute is used no other
attribute may be selected.
01 (Dart-Out) is used when a person entered the roadway and was involved in a collision with
a vehicle where the driver's view of the person was blocked until an instant before impact. A

2015

881

NM12
dart-out can only occur if there is some documented visual obstruction (e.g., parked vehicle,
building or vegetation).
11 (Dash) is used when a person ran into the roadway and was involved in a collision with a
vehicle. There is no mention in the case materials that the driver’s view of the person was
obstructed. The case materials should state that the person ran.
Examples of proper use include:
 A person's activity prior to the crash is jogging or running, but just prior to the impact the
non-motorist darted into the roadway.
 Children seen playing in a front yard, who suddenly run into the road to retrieve an
object associated with their play (e.g. a ball).
02 (Failure to Yield Right-of-Way) is used when a person fails to yield the right-of-way as
indicated in the case materials. A citation need not be issued, only that a failure to yield by
the person was represented on the PAR through the crash description, diagram, and or coded
boxes.
Examples include:
 Failure to yield when exiting a driveway.
 Mid-block crossings not at a crosswalk.
 Not clearing an intersection before the light turns green for crossing traffic.
 Failure to yield at an intersection not controlled by a stop sign or flashing red lights.
 A bicyclist which stopped at the stop sign, but did not realize it was a two way stop
rather than a 4-way stop control and proceeded into the intersection without yielding to
traffic on the through trafficway.
Failure to obey a traffic control device is coded as 03 (Failure to Obey Traffic Signs, Signals or
Officer).
03 (Failure to Obey Traffic Signs, Signals or Officer) is used when a person fails to obey a
traffic control device as indicated in the case materials. Examples include: person does not
obey traffic signs, traffic control devices (including pedestrian signals), traffic officers or safety
zones; or passes around railroad gates.
04 (In Roadway Improperly [Standing, Lying, Working, Playing, etc.]) is used when a
person was indicated to have been in the roadway improperly other than making an improper
crossing as in code 12 (Improper Crossing of Roadway or Intersection [Jaywalking]).
Examples include:
 Playing in the road before the vehicle arrived. The person must not have just run into
the roadway after a ball, which would be coded 01 (Dart-Out) or 11 (Dash).
 Working in the road other than because of the requirement of his/her job, (e.g.,
someone walking backwards into the roadway with a snow blower or lawn care
equipment).
 In the street voluntarily, such as a civilian directing traffic at the scene of a crash.
882

2015

NM12



Attempting to hail a cab, flag down assistance, or flag down a transit bus between
designated stops.
Sitting, getting up, asleep/unconscious, kneeling, etc.

05 (Entering/Exiting Parked or Stopped Vehicle) is used when a pedestrian was adjacent to
a stopped or parked vehicle and in the process of getting into or had just exited that stopped or
parked vehicle. This does not include crashes involving pedestrians performing other actions
such as crossing the roadway to/from a parked vehicle or other movements that occurred after
the pedestrian exited the vehicle.
06 (Inattentive [Talking, Eating, etc.]) is used when the case materials specifically state a
person is inattentive, lost in thought or distracted. Examples include using any electronic
devices (cell phone, video game, e-reader), using earbuds on a music player while jogging,
chatting with a neighbor, caring for a baby in a stroller, admiring a garden, etc.
07 (Improper Turn/Merge) is used when the case materials indicate the bicyclist/operator
made an improper turn or merge. Examples of an improper turn include too wide right or left
turns, making a right turn from the left lane, a left turn from the right lane or unsafe U-turns. An
example of an improper merge is when the bicycle lane ends and the bicyclist merges into the
path of a vehicle without leaving sufficient space.
08 (Improper Passing) is used when the case materials indicate the bicyclist/operator made
an improper passing maneuver. The bicyclist/operator may be passing a motor vehicle or
another bicyclist. Actions include passing on the right, and where prohibited by signs,
pavement markings, or a stopped school bus, (i.e., mainly violations as designated by traffic
controls). Improper passing which is based on faulty judgment errors such as insufficient
distance, or inadequate visibility are captured by 20 (Passing with Insufficient Distance or
Inadequate Visibility or Failing to Yield to Overtaking Vehicle).
09 (Wrong-Way Riding or Walking) is used when a person was identified in the case
materials to have been traveling the wrong way.
10 (Riding on Wrong Side of Road) is used when a bicyclist was identified in the case
materials to have been traveling on the wrong side of the road.
12 (Improper Crossing of Roadway or Intersection [Jaywalking]) is used when a person is
engaged in crossing a road but is not doing so properly. This includes mid-block crossings
outside a crosswalk and crossing at an intersection by cutting on a diagonal through it. The
officer’s representation of either circumstance on the diagram or in the narrative substantiates
the use of this attribute. The person may be engaged in other activities such as the
continuation of jogging/running or a "sudden or impulsive" dart, run, etc. This attribute should
not be used in conjunction with 04 (In Roadway Improperly [Standing, Lying, Working,
Playing, etc.]).
13 (Failing to Have Lights on When Required) is used when the case materials indicate the
operator of a bicycle, animal-drawn conveyance or personal conveyance failed to have lights

2015

883

NM12
on when required. This also includes not having lights available to turn on, and may be used
with 14 (Operating Without Required Equipment).
14 (Operating Without Required Equipment) is used when the case materials indicate that
the bicycle, animal-drawn conveyance or person conveyance, was being operated without the
proper equipment such as headlights, taillights, etc. Helmet use is captured under NM13 NonMotorist Safety Equipment.
15 (Improper or Erratic Lane Changing) is used when a bicyclist, operator of horse-drawn
vehicle, roller blader, or skateboard rider was weaving in and out of traffic. This includes
maneuvering between vehicles and in-and-out of a bike lane.
16 (Failure to Keep in Proper Lane or Running Off Road) is used when a bicyclist/operator
fails to stay in the proper lane or runs off the road. For example, a bicyclist fails to keep in
bicycle lane or operator of horse-drawn vehicle goes straight in a turn lane. This includes
running into a median or drifting into a parking lane.
18 (Operating in Other Erratic, Reckless, Careless or Negligent Manner) is used when
explicitly stated in the case materials. Examples include bicyclists doing wheelies, attempting
to grab on to a vehicle for motion (“skitching”), or skateboard racing.
19 (Not Visible [Dark Clothing, No Lighting, etc.]) is used when the non-motorist was not
visible to the motorist because of blocked views, insufficient lighting or other reasons such as
clothing which blends in with the surroundings at any time of the day (camouflage) or dark
clothing in the rain at night. The officer must indicate that the non-motorist was not visible.
20 (Passing with Insufficient Distance or Inadequate Visibility or Failing to Yield to
Overtaking Vehicle) is used when an improper passing maneuver is indicated in the case
materials for the non-motorist. This indicates passing violations based on faulty judgment. This
may be used in conjunction with 08 (Improper Passing) if both apply.
21 (Other, Specify:) is used when the case materials state that an action(s)/circumstances(s)
by the non-motorist may have contributed to the crash, but are not listed in these attributes.
Examples include being pushed into the roadway, falling from a bicycle, traveling on a
prohibited roadway.
*Note: for attributes with a “Specify:” designation, a fill-in text box will open in MDE. This text
box should be used to provide additional detail about the attribute selection. Please include a
specific reason for this selection.
99 (Unknown) is used when the officer indicated unknown in the case material’s contributing
circumstances field or the narrative and no other information is available. If this attribute is
used no other attribute may be selected.

884

2015

NM12
Consistency Checks:

(0PB1)
(1N4F)
(1P3F)

THEN

PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN equals
741,
any NON-MOTORIST SAFETY
EQUIPMENT equals 5,
PERSON TYPE equals 10,

at least one NON-MOTORIST
CONTRIBUTING CIRCUMSTANCES
must equal 11.
NON-MOTORIST CONTRIBUTING
CIRCUMSTANCES should not equal 13.
NON-MOTORIST ACTION/CIRCUMSTANCES must not equal 01-12, 16,
and NON-MOTORIST CONTRIBUTING
CIRCUMSTANCES must not equal
01-20.
NON-MOTORIST CONTRIBUTING
CIRCUMSTANCES must not equal 07,
08, 10, 13-18, 20.
NON-MOTORIST CONTRIBUTING
CIRCUMSTANCES should not equal 04.
NON-MOTORIST CONTRIBUTING
CIRCUMSTANCES should not equal 05.
NON-MOTORIST CONTRIBUTING
CIRCUMSTANCES should not equal 20.
NON-MOTORIST CONTRIBUTING
CIRCUMSTANCES must not equal
02-04, 15.
NON-MOTORIST CONTRIBUTING
CIRCUMSTANCES must not equal
02-04, 07-10, 15, 16, 20.
NON-MOTORIST CONTRIBUTING
CIRCUMSTANCES must not equal 01,
02, 04, 07, 08, 11, 15, 20.
NON-MOTORIST CONTRIBUTING
CIRCUMSTANCES must not equal 12,
15.
NON-MOTORIST CONTRIBUTING
CIRCUMSTANCES must not equal 01,
03, 04, 10, 11.
NON-MOTORIST CONTRIBUTING
CIRCUMSTANCES must not equal
01-04, 10-12, 15-17, 20.
NON-MOTORIST CONTRIBUTING
CIRCUMSTANCES should not equal 01,
03, 04, 10-12, 15, 16, 20.
NON-MOTORIST CONTRIBUTING
CIRCUMSTANCES should not equal 04,
16.

(1P0G) PERSON TYPE equals 05,
(1P3G) PERSON TYPE equals 04, 06, 07,
(1P4G) PERSON TYPE equals 04, 06-08, 19,
(1P5G) PERSON TYPE equals 08,
(1P9G) NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT THE
TIME OF CRASH equals 20,
(1P0H)

NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT THE
TIME OF CRASH equals 21,

(1P1H)

NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT THE
TIME OF CRASH equals 22,

(1P2H)

NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT THE
TIME OF CRASH equals 23,

(1P3H)

NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT THE
TIME OF CRASH equals 24,

(1P4H)

NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT THE
TIME OF CRASH equals 25,

(1P5H)

NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT THE
TIME OF CRASH equals 28, 98, 99,

(1P6H)

NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT THE
TIME OF CRASH equals 16,

2015

885

NM12
IF
(1P7H)
(1P8H)
(1P9H)
(1PH0)
(4X8F)
(PB16)

(PB18)
(PB26)

886

THEN

NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT THE NON-MOTORIST CONTRIBUTING
TIME OF CRASH equals 21,
CIRCUMSTANCES should not equal 01,
05, 11, 12, 17.
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT THE NON-MOTORIST CONTRIBUTING
TIME OF CRASH equals 23,
CIRCUMSTANCES should not equal 02.
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT THE NON-MOTORIST CONTRIBUTING
TIME OF CRASH equals 24,
CIRCUMSTANCES should not equal 02,
05, 12, 15, 16.
NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT THE NON-MOTORIST CONTRIBUTING
TIME OF CRASH equals 25,
CIRCUMSTANCES should not equal
07-09.
any NON-MOTORIST
only that one code and no other must be
CONTRIBUTING CIRCUMSTANCES coded for this person.
equals 00 or 99,
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING at least one NON-MOTORIST
CONTRIBUTING CIRCUMSTANCES
CRASH TYPE - BICYCLIST equals
must equal 02.
142, 144, 147, 153, 155, 156, 157,
159, 311, 312, 313, 318, 319 or 357,
at least one NON-MOTORIST
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN equals CONTRIBUTING CIRCUMSTANCES
must equal 01.
742,
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH
NON-MOTORIST CONTRIBUTING
TYPE - BICYCLIST should equal 142,
CIRCUMSTANCES equals 02, and
144, 147, 153, 155, 156, 157, 159, 311,
PERSON TYPE equals 06 or 07,
312, 313, 318, 319 or 357.

2015

NM13

NON-MOTORIST SAFETY EQUIPMENT
FORMAT: 1 numeric. Select all that apply.
SAS NAME: Safety.MSAFEQMT
ELEMENT VALUES:
1
2
3
4
5
7
8
9

None Used
Helmet
Reflective Clothing (jacket, backpack, etc.)
Protective Pads (elbows, knees, shins, etc.)
Lighting
Other Safety Equipment
Not Reported
Unknown if Used

Definition: This element indicates the safety equipment that was used by the non-motorist
involved in the crash.
Remarks:
Select all that apply.
The applicable attribute may be determined using various items in the case materials
such as a crash report field, the officer narrative, a fatal crash supplement, etc. Each
attribute may only be coded once per person, e.g., a person on rollerblades using elbow
and knee pads with four pads covering the two different body regions would only be
coded one time. If any non-motorist safety equipment equals 1 (None Used), 8 (Not
Reported), or 9 (Unknown if Used), only that one code and no other must be coded for
this person.
Use the following NM13 Worksheet to determine proper coding of this element:
Was an item that qualifies for
this FARS/GES Attribute USED?
Helmet
Reflective Clothing
Protective Pads
Lighting
Other Safety Equipment

2015

Yes

Not
Reported Unknown

887

NM13
Worksheet Instructions:






Code any types of safety equipment with worksheet values equal to
“Yes”. For example, if “Helmet” and “Protective Pads” are “Yes” in
the worksheet, code as 2 (Helmet) and 4 (Protective Pads).
To code 1 (None Used), all of the worksheet values must be “No”.
To code 8 (Not Reported), all of the worksheet values must be some
combination consisting of “No”, “Not Reported”, or “Unknown”. The
worksheet must not contain:
○ any “Yes” responses,
○ all “No” responses,
○ all “Unknown” responses.
To code 9 (Unknown if Used), all of the worksheet values must be
“Unknown”.

1 (None Used) is used when the case materials specifically state that the non-motorist was not
wearing or carrying any type of safety equipment, or the NM13 Worksheet results in a “No”
for all five attribute responses. For example, do not use this attribute to code “not
visible” or “dark clothing”.
2 (Helmet) is used when the case materials indicate that the non-motorist was wearing a
safety helmet. The non-motorist does not have to be riding a bicycle at the time of the crash to
use this attribute. This includes all helmets (e.g., bicycle helmet, motorcycle helmet,
racing helmets, etc.).
3 (Reflective Clothing [jacket, backpack, etc.]) is used when the case materials indicate that
the non-motorist was wearing or carrying some type of reflective item. The emphasis is on the
reflective property of the clothing or carried item and does not include devices which give off
light under their own power (e.g., flashlights). The item can be reflective tape affixed to
regular clothing, special reflective clothing, a reflective device that is worn or a reflective device
that is carried. It can be made by the non-motorist and does not have to be specially designed
as a safety device.
Do not code bicycle reflectors here. This code is used only for clothing or equipment
that is worn or carried. Code bicycle reflectors under 7 (Other Safety Equipment).
4 (Protective Pads [elbows, knees, shins, etc.]) is used when the case materials indicate
the non-motorist was wearing padded, shaped attachments to protect specific areas of the
body (elbows, knees, shins, etc.) from injury.
5 (Lighting) is used when a non-motorist uses a light on his/her person or on a pedalcycle or
personal conveyance for safety purposes, to include flashlights.
7 (Other Safety Equipment) is used when the case materials indicate that the non-motorist
was using safety equipment but it does not fit into the listed attributes (e.g., bicycle reflectors
and flags, reflectors and triangles on a buggy, eye wear/face shields, and rollerblade
888

2015

NM13
stoppers). Any clothing that is non-reflective but considered to be safety equipment (hi-glo
orange clothing) should be coded using this attribute.
If a PAR data element is coded with the attribute “Other” but the officer does not specify what
this refers to:
1. Consider this “Other Safety Equipment” in the worksheet if the PAR attribute choices
and definitions can be matched to or include all the attributes “Helmet”, “Reflective
Clothing”, “Protective Pads”, “Lighting”, and “Other Safety Equipment” in
FARS/GES.
2. Consider this “Not Reported” in the worksheet if the PAR choices cannot be matched to
or include all the attributes in FARS/GES.
8 (Not Reported)
If a state’s crash report manual instructs to leave blank data blocks that are not applicable,
then a blank in those data blocks are NOT considered “Not Reported”.
Code 8 (Not Reported) in these two situations:
1. No field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report to provide the information to
code this element AND no other information is available to code the element (e.g.,
narrative, diagram, case materials)
2. A field or coding block exists on the state’s crash report that would provide the
information needed to code this element, but it has been left blank, AND no other
information is available to code the element (e.g., narrative, diagram, case materials).
9 (Unknown If Used) is used if the NM13 Worksheet results in an “Unknown” for all five
attribute responses or if the investigating officer indicates that it is unknown if any of the
types of safety equipment was used.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(1N4F)

any NON-MOTORIST SAFETY
EQUIPMENT equals 5,

(4X9F)

any NON-MOTORIST SAFETY
EQUIPMENT equals 1 or 8 or 9,
any NON-MOTORIST SAFETY
EQUIPMENT equals 2,

(8T0F)

2015

THEN
NON-MOTORIST CONTRIBUTING
CIRCUMSTANCES should not equal
13.
only that one code and no other must be
coded for this person.
PERSON TYPE should equal 06-08.

889

THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

890

2015

D23/NM14

CONDITION (IMPAIRMENT) AT TIME OF CRASH
FORMAT: 2 numeric. Select all that apply.
SAS NAME: Nmimpair.NMIMPAIR
ELEMENT VALUES:
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
96
98
99

None/Apparently Normal
Ill, Blackout
Asleep or Fatigued
Walking with a Cane or Crutches, etc.
Paraplegic Or Restricted To Wheelchair
Impaired Due To Previous Injury
Deaf
Blind
Emotional (depressed, angry, disturbed, etc)
Under the Influence of Alcohol, Drugs or Medication
Physical Impairment – No Details
Other Physical Impairment
Not Reported
Unknown If Impaired

Definition: This element attempts to identify any physical impairment to this non-motorist
which may have contributed to the cause of the crash.
Remarks:
Select all that apply.
This elements values and remarks are identical to Driver Level element D23. Please see page
563 for remarks.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(1P6G) PERSON TYPE equals 04, 06-08, 19,
(1P7G) PERSON TYPE equals 05-07, 19,
(1P8G) PERSON TYPE equals 10,

2015

THEN
CONDITION (IMPAIRMENT) AT TIME
OF CRASH must not equal 03.
CONDITION (IMPAIRMENT) AT TIME
OF CRASH should not equal 04.
CONDITION (IMPAIRMENT) AT TIME
OF CRASH should not equal 01-10, 96.

891

D23/NM14
IF
(4X3F)
(4X6F)

(U590)

892

any CONDITION (IMPAIRMENT) AT
TIME OF CRASH (NM14) equals 00
or 98 or 99,
any CONDITION (IMPAIRMENT) AT
TIME OF CRASH (NM14) equals 09,

THEN
only that one code and no other must be
coded for this person.

POLICE REPORTED ALCOHOL
INVOLVEMENT (NM15) or POLICE
REPORTED DRUG INVOLVEMENT
(NM18) must equal 1 for this person.
UNLIKELY: any CONDITION (IMPAIRMENT) AT TIME OF CRASH (NM14)
equals 05 or 07.

2015

P16/NM15

POLICE REPORTED ALCOHOL INVOLVEMENT
FORMAT: 1 numeric
SAS NAME: Person.DRINKING
ELEMENT VALUES:
0
1
8
9

No (Alcohol Not Involved)
Yes (Alcohol Involved)
Not Reported
Unknown (Police Reported)

Definition: This data element reflects only the judgment of law enforcement as to whether
alcohol was involved or not for this person.
Remarks:
This elements values and remarks are identical to Person Level (MV Occupant) Level element
P16. Please see page 765 for remarks.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(4X6F)

(D090)

(P072)

(P110)
(P200)
(P300)

2015

THEN

POLICE REPORTED ALCOHOL
INVOLVEMENT (NM15) or POLICE
REPORTED DRUG INVOLVEMENT
(NM18) must equal 1 for this person.
POLICE REPORTED ALCOHOL
VIOLATIONS CHARGED equals
11-19, and PERSON TYPE equals 01, INVOLVEMENT should equal 1, or
POLICE REPORTED DRUG
03,
INVOLVEMENT should equal 1.
POLICE REPORTED ALCOHOL
PERSON TYPE equals 02, 03, and
INVOLVEMENT should equal 0, 8.
INJURY SEVERITY equals 0, and
ALCOHOL TEST RESULT equals
996,
METHOD OF ALCOHOL DETERMIN- POLICE REPORTED ALCOHOL
INVOLVEMENT should equal 0, 1.
ATION BY POLICE equals 1-5, 8,
METHOD OF ALCOHOL DETERMINPOLICE REPORTED ALCOHOL
ATION BY POLICE should equal 9.
INVOLVEMENT equals 8, 9,
ALCOHOL TEST STATUS should not
POLICE REPORTED ALCOHOL
equal 0, 1.
INVOLVEMENT equals 1, and
INJURY SEVERITY equals 4,
any CONDITION (IMPAIRMENT) AT
TIME OF CRASH (NM14) equals 09,

893

THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

894

2015

P17/NM16

METHOD OF ALCOHOL DETERMINATION BY POLICE
(FARS Only)

FORMAT: 1 numeric
SAS NAME: Person.ALC_DET
ELEMENT VALUES:
1
2
3
4
5
8
9

Evidential Test (breath, blood, urine)
Preliminary Breath Test (PBT)
Behavioral
Passive Alcohol Sensor (PAS)
Observed
Other (e.g., Saliva test)
Not Reported

Definition: This element describes the method by which the police made the determination as
to whether alcohol was involved or not for this person.
Remarks:
This elements values and remarks are identical to Person Level (MV Occupant) Level element
P17. Please see page 769 for remarks.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(P110)
(P200)
(U681)

2015

METHOD OF ALCOHOL
DETERMINATION BY POLICE equals
1-5, 8,
POLICE REPORTED ALCOHOL
INVOLVEMENT equals 8, 9,

THEN
POLICE REPORTED ALCOHOL
INVOLVEMENT should equal 0, 1.

METHOD OF ALCOHOL
DETERMINATION BY POLICE should
equal 9.
UNLIKELY: METHOD OF ALCOHOL DETERMINATION BY POLICE equals 8.

895

THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

896

2015

P18/NM17

ALCOHOL TEST
FORMAT: 3 sets, 1 set, 1 numeric, 1 set, 2 numeric, 1 set, 3 numeric
SAS NAME: Person.ALC_STATUS, Person.ATST_TYP, Person.ALC_RES
ELEMENT VALUES:
GES

SAS

FARS
0
1
2
8
9

Subfield 1 – Test Status
Test Not Given
Test Refused
Test Given
Not Reported
Unknown if Tested

00
01
02
10
03
XX
XX
XX
XX
08
98
95
99

00
01
02
10
03
04
05
06
07
08
98
95
99

Subfield 2 – Test Type
Test Not Given
Blood
Breathalyzer “BAC”
Preliminary Breath Test (PBT)
Urine
Vitreous
Blood Plasma/Serum
Blood Clot
Liver
Other Test Type
Unknown Test Type
Not Reported
Unknown if Tested

00-939
940
996
997
998
995
999

0
1
2
8
9

Subfield 3 – Test Result
Actual Value
.94 or Greater
Test Not Given
AC Test Performed, Results Unknown
Positive Reading With No Actual Value
Not Reported
Unknown if Tested

Definition for Alcohol Test Status: This element identifies if an alcohol (ethanol) test was
given to this person.

2015

897

ALCOHOL TEST STATUS equals 0,
1,

(5T8P)

ALCOHOL TEST STATUS equals 9,

(5T9P)

ALCOHOL TEST STATUS equals 2,

(5TCP) ALCOHOL TEST STATUS equals 8,

(P071)

PERSON TYPE equals 02, 04-08, 10,
and INJURY SEVERITY does not
equal 4,

(P072)

PERSON TYPE equals 02, 03, and
INJURY SEVERITY equals 0, and
ALCOHOL TEST RESULT equals
996,
PERSON TYPE equals 02, 04-08, 10, ALCOHOL TEST TYPE must equal 00,
and ALCOHOL TEST RESULT must not
and INJURY SEVERITY does not
equal 995.
equal 4,
ALCOHOL TEST RESULTS should not equal 340-940.
POLICE REPORTED ALCOHOL
ALCOHOL TEST STATUS should not
INVOLVEMENT equals 1, and
equal 0, 1.
INJURY SEVERITY equals 4,

(P074)
(P080)
(P300)

898

2015

P19/NM18

POLICE REPORTED DRUG INVOLVEMENT
FORMAT: 1 numeric
SAS NAME: Person.DRUGS
ELEMENT VALUES:
0
1
8
9

No (Drugs Not Involved)
Yes (Drugs Involved)
Not Reported
Unknown (Police Reported)

Definition: This data element reflects only the judgment of law enforcement as to whether
drugs were involved or not for this person.
Remarks:
This elements values and remarks are identical to Person Level (MV Occupant) Level element
P19. Please see page 781 for remarks.
Consistency Checks:
IF

THEN

POLICE REPORTED ALCOHOL
INVOLVEMENT (NM15), or POLICE
REPORTED DRUG INVOLVEMENT
(NM18) must equal 1 for this person.
POLICE REPORTED DRUG
(BQ0P) METHOD OF DRUG DETERMININVOLVEMENT must equal 0, 1, 8, 9.
ATION BY POLICE equals 8,
POLICE REPORTED DRUG
(BR0P) METHOD OF DRUG DETERMININVOLVEMENT must equal 0, 1, 8.
ATION BY POLICE equals 1-7,
POLICE REPORTED ALCOHOL
(D090) VIOLATIONS CHARGED equals
11-19, and PERSON TYPE equals 01, INVOLVEMENT should equal 1, or
POLICE REPORTED DRUG
03,
INVOLVEMENT should equal 1.
METHOD OF DRUG DETERMINATION
(P140) POLICE REPORTED DRUG
BY POLICE should equal 8.
INVOLVEMENT equals 8, 9,
DRUG TEST STATUS should not equal
(P150) POLICE REPORTED DRUG
0.
INVOLVEMENT equals 1,
not all DRUG TEST RESULTS should
(P160) POLICE REPORTED DRUG
equal 001.
INVOLVEMENT equals 1, and
METHOD OF DRUG DETERMINATION BY POLICE equals 2,
(4X6F)

2015

any CONDITION (IMPAIRMENT) AT
TIME OF CRASH (NM14) equals 09,

899

P19/NM18
IF
(P170)

900

METHOD OF DRUG DETERMINATION BY POLICE equals 1-7,

THEN
POLICE REPORTED DRUG
INVOLVEMENT should equal 0, 1.

2015

P20/NM19

METHOD OF DRUG DETERMINATION BY POLICE
(FARS Only)

FORMAT: 1 numeric
SAS NAME: Person.DRUG_DET
ELEMENT VALUES
1
2
3
7
8

Evidential Test (Blood, Urine)
Drug Recognition Technician (DRT) determination
Behavioral
Other
Not Reported

Definition: This element identifies the method by which the police made the determination as
to whether drugs were involved or not for this person.
Remarks:
This elements values and remarks are identical to Person Level (MV Occupant) Level element
P20. Please see page 785 for remarks.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(BQ0P) METHOD OF DRUG DETERMINATION BY POLICE equals 8,
(BR0P) METHOD OF DRUG DETERMINATION BY POLICE equals 1-7,
(P140) POLICE REPORTED DRUG
INVOLVEMENT equals 8, 9,
(P160) POLICE REPORTED DRUG
INVOLVEMENT equals 1, and
METHOD OF DRUG DETERMINATION BY POLICE equals 2,
(P170) METHOD OF DRUG DETERMINATION BY POLICE equals 1-7,

2015

901

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902

2015

P21/NM20

DRUG TEST
FORMAT: 3 sets: 2 sets, 1 numeric; 1 set, 3 numeric
SAS NAME: Person.DSTATUS, Person.DRUGTST1, Person.DRUGTST2,
Person.DRUGTST3, Person.DRUGRES1, Person.DRUGRES2, Person.DRUGRES3
ELEMENT VALUES:
GES

FARS

0
1
2
8
9

Subfield 1 – Test Status
Test Not Given
Test Refused
Test Given
Not Reported
Unknown if Tested

0
1
2
3
7
8
6
9

Subfield 2 – Test Type
Test Not Given
Blood
Urine
Both: Blood and Urine Tests
Unknown Test Type
Other Test Type
Not Reported
Unknown if Tested

000
001
XXX
XXX
XXX
XXX
XXX
XXX
XXX
XXX
XXX
997
998
095
999

2015

000
001
100-295
300-395
400-495
500-595
600-695
700-795
800-895
900-995
996
997
998
095
999

Subfield 3 – Test Result
Test Not Given
Tested, No Drugs Found/Negative
Narcotic*
Depressant*
Stimulant*
Hallucinogen*
Cannabinoid*
Phencyclidine (PCP)*
Anabolic Steroid*
Inhalant*
Other Drug
Test for Drug, Results Unknown
Tested for Drugs, Drugs Found, Type Unknown/Positive
Not Reported
Unknown If Tested
* See Specific Drug Listings
** Test Result does not include Aspirin, Nicotine or Ethanol.
Alcohols reported other than ethanol would be classified under
903

P21/NM20
996 (Other Drug). In addition, exclude drugs explicitly indicated to
have been administered after the crash. See Remarks below.
Definition for Drug Test Status: This element identifies if a chemical test for the presence of
drugs was given to this person.
Definition for Drug Test Type: This element identifies the type of chemical test for the
presence of drugs that was used for this person.
Definition for Drug Test Result: This element identifies the result of a chemical test for the
presence of drugs for this person.
Remarks:
This elements values and remarks are identical to Person Level (MV Occupant) Level element
P21. Please see page 789 for remarks.
See Alphabetical and Numerical List of Drugs under element P21. Also reference “Examples
for Interpreting Drug Tests” under element P21.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(7M1F) PERSON TYPE equals 03, and
SEATING POSITION is not equal to
11 or 13, and INJURY SEVERITY
does not equal 4,
(BT1P) DRUG TEST STATUS equals 0, 1,
(BT2P)

DRUG TEST STATUS equals 8,

(BT3P)

DRUG TEST STATUS equals 2,

(BT6P)

DRUG TEST STATUS equals 9,

904

THEN
DRUG TEST STATUS must not equal 8,
any DRUG TEST TYPE must not equal
6, and any DRUG TEST RESULTS
must not equal 095.
all DRUG TEST TYPE must equal 0,
and all DRUG TEST RESULT must
equal 000.
DRUG TEST TYPE 1 must equal 6, and
DRUG TEST RESULT 1 must equal 095
and remaining DRUG TEST TYPES and
DRUG TEST RESULTS must be 0 filled.
at least one DRUG TEST TYPE must
equal 1-8, and one corresponding
DRUG TEST RESULT must equal 001,
095, 100-295, 300-395, 400-495, 500595, 600-695, 700-795, 800-895, 900995, 996-998.
DRUG TEST TYPE 1 must equal 9, and
DRUG TEST RESULT 1 must equal 999
and remaining DRUG TEST TYPES and
DRUG TEST RESULTS must be 0 filled.

2015

P21/NM20
IF
(BT7P)

(BT8P)
(BT9P)
(P073)

(P075)

(P150)
(P160)

2015

THEN

DRUG TEST STATUS equals 2, and
DRUG TEST RESULT two and three
DRUG TEST RESULT one equals
must not equal 999.
001, 095, 100-295, 300-395, 400-495,
500-595, 600-695, 700-795, 800-895,
900-995, 996, 997, 998,
More than one of the same DRUG TEST RESULT values must not be coded for
the same person except for 000, 996.
DRUG TEST RESULT 2 and DRUG
DRUG TEST RESULT 1 equals 000,
001, 997, 998, 095, or 999,
TEST RESULT 3 must equal 000.
PERSON TYPE equals 02, 04-08, 10, DRUG TEST STATUS should not equal
9, and any DRUG TEST TYPE should
and INJURY SEVERITY does not
not equal 9, and any DRUG TEST
equal 4,
RESULTS should not equal 999.
PERSON TYPE equals 02, 04-08, 10 DRUG TEST STATUS must not equal 8,
any DRUG TEST TYPE must not equal
or 19, and INJURY SEVERITY does
6, and any DRUG TEST RESULTS must
not equal 4,
not equal 095.
DRUG TEST STATUS should not equal
POLICE REPORTED DRUG
0.
INVOLVEMENT equals 1,
not all DRUG TEST RESULTS should
POLICE REPORTED DRUG
equal 001.
INVOLVEMENT equals 1, and
METHOD OF DRUG DETERMINATION BY POLICE equals 2,

905

THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

906

2015

P22/NM21

TRANSPORTED TO FIRST MEDICAL FACILITY BY
FORMAT: 1 numeric
SAS NAME: Person.Hospital
ELEMENT VALUES:
0
1
5
3
2
4
6
8
9

Not Transported
EMS Air
EMS Ground
EMS Unknown Mode
Law Enforcement
Transported Unknown Source
Other
Not Reported
Unknown

Definition: This element identifies the method of transportation this person was provided to
receive treatment at the first hospital or medical facility.
Remarks:
This elements values and remarks are identical to Person Level (MV Occupant) Level element
P22. Please see page 809 for remarks.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(2U3F)

INJURY SEVERITY equals 3,

(A551)

EMS TIME AT HOSPITAL equals
8888, 9997, 9998,

(P090)

INJURY SEVERITY equals 0,

(P091)

TRANSPORTED TO FIRST
MEDICAL FACILITY BY equals 1, 3,
5,
all persons TRANSPORTED TO
FIRST MEDICAL FACILITY BY
equals 2, 4,
DIED AT SCENE/EN ROUTE equals
7,

(P093)
(P50P)

2015

907

P22/NM21
IF
(P51P)

DIED AT SCENE/EN ROUTE equals
8,

THEN
TRANSPORTED TO FIRST MEDICAL
FACILITY BY must equal 1-6.

Consistency Checks (FARS Only):

(P520)
(P52P)
(P55P)

908

THEN

CRASH DATE and DEATH DATE are
the same, and CRASH TIME AND
DEATH TIME are the same,
DIED AT SCENE/EN ROUTE equals
9,
TRANSPORTED TO FIRST
MEDICAL FACILITY BY equals 9,

TRANSPORTED TO FIRST MEDICAL
FACILITY BY should equal 0, and DIED
AT SCENE/EN ROUTE should equal 7.
TRANSPORTED TO FIRST MEDICAL
FACILITY BY must equal 8 or 9.
DIED AT SCENE/EN ROUTE must
equal 0, 9.

2015

P23/NM22

DIED AT SCENE/EN ROUTE
(FARS Only)

FORMAT: 1 numeric
SAS NAME: Person.DOA
ELEMENT VALUES:
0
7
8
9

Not Applicable
Died at Scene
Died En Route
Unknown

Definition: This element identifies if this person died at the scene of the crash or en route to a
hospital or treatment facility.
Remarks:
This elements values and remarks are identical to Person Level (MV Occupant) Level element
P23. Please see page 813 for remarks.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(1R1P)
(P50P)
(P510)
(P51P)
(P530)
(P53P)
(P54P)
(P56P)

2015

If DIED AT SCENE/EN ROUTE
equals 7, 8,
DIED AT SCENE/EN ROUTE equals
7,
EMS TIME AT HOSPITAL equals
8888, 9997, 9998,
DIED AT SCENE/EN ROUTE equals
8,
EMS TIME AT HOSPITAL equals
9996,
INJURY SEVERITY equals 0-3, 5, 6,
DIED AT SCENE/EN ROUTE equals
8,
DIED AT SCENE/EN ROUTE equals
7,

THEN
INJURY SEVERITY must equal 4.
TRANSPORTED TO FIRST MEDICAL
FACILITY BY must equal 0.
DIED AT SCENE/EN ROUTE should not
equal 8 for any PERSON.
TRANSPORTED TO FIRST MEDICAL
FACILITY BY must equal 1-6.
DIED AT SCENE/EN ROUTE must
equal 8 for at least one person.
DIED AT SCENE/EN ROUTE must
equal 0.
EMS TIME AT HOSPITAL should not
equal 8888, 9997, 9998.
DEATH TIME should be within 30
minutes of the CRASH TIME.

909

P23/NM22
Consistency Checks (FARS Only):

(P520)
(P52P)
(P55P)

910

THEN

CRASH DATE and DEATH DATE are
the same, and CRASH TIME AND
DEATH TIME are the same,
DIED AT SCENE/EN ROUTE equals
9,
TRANSPORTED TO FIRST
MEDICAL FACILITY BY equals 9,

TRANSPORTED TO FIRST MEDICAL
FACILITY BY should equal 0, and DIED
AT SCENE/EN ROUTE should equal 7.
TRANSPORTED TO FIRST MEDICAL
FACILITY BY must equal 8 or 9.
DIED AT SCENE/EN ROUTE must
equal 0, 9.

2015

P24/NM23

DEATH DATE
(FARS Only)

FORMAT: 2 sets of 2 numeric, 1 set of 4 numeric
SAS NAME: Person.DEATH_DA; Person.DEATH_MO; Person.DEATH_YR
ELEMENT VALUES:
88
01-12
99
88
01-31
99
8888
9999

Month:
Not Applicable (Non-fatal)
Unknown
Day:
Not Applicable (Non-fatal)
Unknown
Year:
Not Applicable (Non-fatal)
Actual Year of Death
Unknown

Definition: This element records the month, day and year of this person’s death.
Remarks:
This elements values and remarks are identical to Person Level (MV Occupant) Level element
P24. Please see page 815 for remarks.
Consistency Check:
IF
(1U1F)

INJURY SEVERITY equals 4,

(1V0P)

DEATH MONTH or DAY equals 88, or
DEATH YEAR equals 8888,
INJURY SEVERITY is not equal to 4,
DEATH DAY is 01-31, and DEATH
MONTH is 01-12,
DEATH DATE equals CRASH DATE,
and CRASH TIME is not equal to
9999,

(2U1F)
(2V0P)
(3U0P)

2015

THEN
DEATH DATE must not equal
88888888.
all must equal 8’s.
DEATH DATE must equal 88888888.
DEATH DAY must be a valid day for
DEATH MONTH.
DEATH TIME must not be less than
CRASH TIME.

911

P24/NM23
IF
(4V1F)

INJURY SEVERITY equals 4,

(4V2F)

CRASH MONTH equals 12, and
DEATH MONTH equals 01,
CRASH MONTH equals 12,

(4V3F)
(4V4F)
(4V5F)
(4V6P)
(4V7P)
(4V8P)
(6V0P)
(7V0F)
(8V0P)
(9V0P)
(P56P)

CRASH MONTH equals 02-11, and
DEATH MONTH is not equal to 88 or
99,
CRASH MONTH equals 01, and
DEATH MONTH is not equal to 88 or
99,
DEATH MONTH is not equal to
blanks,
DEATH DAY is not equal to blanks,

THEN
DEATH DATE and DEATH TIME for this
person must be within 720 hours of the
CRASH DATE and CRASH TIME.
DEATH YEAR must equal CRASH
YEAR plus 1.
DEATH MONTH must equal 01, 12, 88,
99.
DEATH MONTH must equal CRASH
MONTH or CRASH MONTH plus 1.

DEATH MONTH must equal CRASH
MONTH or CRASH MONTH plus 1 or
CRASH MONTH plus 2.
DEATH DAY and DEATH YEAR must
not equal blanks.
DEATH MONTH and DEATH YEAR
must not equal blanks.
DEATH MONTH and DEATH DAY must
DEATH YEAR is not equal to blanks,
not equal blanks.
DEATH DATE must not be less than CRASH DATE.
CRASH MONTH must not be 01-11.
DEATH YEAR equals 9999,
DEATH MONTH and DEATH DAY must
DEATH YEAR equals 9999,
equal 99.
DEATH DAY must equal 99.
DEATH MONTH equals 99,
DEATH TIME should be within 30
DIED AT SCENE/EN ROUTE equals
minutes of the CRASH TIME.
7,

Consistency Check (FARS Only):

(P520)

912

THEN

CRASH DATE and DEATH DATE are
the same, and CRASH TIME and
DEATH TIME are the same,

TRANSPORTED TO FIRST MEDICAL
FACILITY BY should equal 0, and DIED
AT SCENE/EN ROUTE should equal 7.

2015

P25/NM24

DEATH TIME
(FARS Only)

FORMAT: 4 numeric
SAS NAME: Person.DEATH_HR; Person.DEATH_MN; Person.DEATH_TM
ELEMENT VALUES:
8888
0000-2359
0099-2399
9999

Not Applicable (Non-fatal)
Valid Military Time
Known Hour but Unknown Minutes
Unknown

Definition: This element identifies the hour and minute of this person’s death utilizing the 24hour clock format.
Remarks:
This elements values and remarks are identical to Person Level (MV Occupant) Level element
P25. Please see page 817 for remarks.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(1U2F)
(2U2F)
(3U0P)
(4V1F)
(P56P)

INJURY SEVERITY equals 4,
INJURY SEVERITY is not equal to 4,
DEATH DATE equals CRASH DATE,
and CRASH TIME is not equal to
9999,
INJURY SEVERITY equals 4,
DIED AT SCENE/EN ROUTE equals
7,

Consistency Check (FARS Only):

(P520)

2015

THEN

CRASH DATE and DEATH DATE are
the same, and CRASH TIME AND
DEATH TIME are the same,

TRANSPORTED TO FIRST MEDICAL
FACILITY BY should equal 0, and DIED
AT SCENE/EN ROUTE should equal 7.

913

THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

914

2015

NM25

RELATED FACTORS – PERSON (NOT A MOTOR VEHICLE
OCCUPANT) LEVEL
FORMAT: 2 numeric occurring 3 times
SAS NAME: Person.P_SF1, Person.P_SF2, Person.P_SF3
ELEMENT VALUES:
00
*08
09
13
*18
*21
*26
*37
*40
*41
*42
*51
*52
56
*57

None
Mentally Challenged
Construction/Maintenance/Utility Worker
Motorized Wheelchair Rider
Mother of Dead Fetus/ Mother of Infant Born Post Crash
Overloading or Improper Loading of Vehicle With Passengers or Cargo
Following Improperly
Traveling on Prohibited Trafficways
Passing Through or Around Barrier
Failure to Observe Warnings or Instructions on Vehicles Displaying Them
Failure to Signal Intentions
Operator Inexperience
Unfamiliar with Roadway
Non-Driver Flees Scene
Improper Tire Pressure

Vision Obscured By:
*60
Rain, Snow, Fog, Smoke, Sand, Dust
*61
Reflected Glare, Bright Sunlight, Headlights
*62
Curve, Hill, or Other Design Features (including traffic signs, embankment)
*63
Building, Billboard, Other Structures
*64
Trees, Crops, Vegetation
*65
Motor Vehicle (including load)
*66
Parked Vehicle
*67
Splash or Spray of Passing Vehicle
*68
Inadequate Lighting System
*69
Obstructing Angles on Vehicle
Mirrors
*70
*72
Other Visual Obstruction
Skidding, Swerving, Sliding Due To:
*73
Severe Crosswind
*74
Wind From Passing Truck
*75
Slippery or Loose Surface
*76
Tire Blowout or Flat
*77
Debris or Objects in Road

2015

915

NM25
*78
*80
*81
*82
*83

Ruts, Holes, Bumps in Road
Vehicle in Road
Phantom Vehicle
Pedestrian, Pedal Cyclists, or Other Non-Motorist
Ice, Snow, Slush, Water, Sand, Dirt, Oil, Wet Leaves on Road

Other Non-Motorist Factors:
86
Emergency Services Personnel
87
Police or Law Enforcement Officer
90
Non-Motorist Pushing a Vehicle
91
Portable Electronic Devices
99
Unknown
*FARS ONLY ATTRIBUTES
Definition: This element identifies factors related to persons not in a motor vehicle expressed
by the investigating officer.
Remarks:
Code information provided by the investigating officer associated with this person from
the narrative, contributing factors/circumstances field, or citations/violations section of
the case materials.
This is a nominal list only and does NOT imply a hierarchy. However, if more than three
factors apply to this non-motorist, capture those which cannot be collected elsewhere
in the data.
The following lists those related factors that may be used for each person type (NM7):
Person
Type
04
05
06
07
08
10
19

Valid Related Factors
00, 08, 09, 18, 21, 26, 37, 40-42, 51, 52, 56, 57, 60-70, 72-78, 80-83, 87, 91,
99
00, 08, 09, 18, 37, 41, 56, 60-67, 72, 86-87, 90, 91, 99
00, 08, 18, 21, 26, 37, 40-42, 51, 52, 56, 57, 60-68, 72-78, 80-83, 87, 91, 99
00, 08, 18, 21, 26, 37, 40-42, 51, 52, 56, 57, 60-68, 72-78, 80-83, 91, 99
00, 08, 13, 18, 21, 26, 37, 40-42, 51, 52, 56, 57, 60-70, 72-78, 80-83, 87, 91,
99
00, 08, 13, 18, 26, 86, 87, 99
00, 08, 09, 18, 21, 26, 37, 40-42, 51, 52, 56, 57, 60-68, 72-78, 80-83, 86, 87,
91, 99

00 (None) is used when no applicable related factors are noted in the crash report. Zerofill all fields. Also, use 00 (None) to complete the remaining fields when you will be recording
less than three non-motorist related factors. DO NOT leave any remaining fields blank.

916

2015

NM25

*08 (Mentally Challenged) is used when the case materials identify that the non-motorist
has a documented mental illness or intellectual disorder noted by the officer.
09 (Construction/Maintenance/Utility Worker) is used when the case materials identify
that this was a non-motorist working with the highway department, a contractor or a
utility company at the time of the crash.
13 (Motorized Wheelchair Rider) is used when the case materials identify the nonmotorist is in a motorized wheelchair (personal conveyance).
*18 (Mother of Dead Fetus/Mother of Infant Born Post Crash) is used when the case
materials identify that this non-motorist is the mother of a fetus that died in or as a
result of this crash or it is identified that this non-motorist gave birth after the crash
whether the child survives or not. Note that for crash classification purposes, a fetus is
considered to be part of a pregnant woman rather than a separate individual and, thus,
is not counted as a separate person in the crash.
*21 (Overloading or Improper Loading of Vehicle with Passengers or Cargo) is used
when the case materials describe more than one non-motorist is occupying one seating
position at the time of the crash. For example, overloading a bicycle with a passenger
riding on the handlebars.
*26 (Following Improperly) is used when the case materials identify that this nonmotorist was following a bicyclist, motor vehicle, non-motor vehicle transport device or
person on a personal conveyance too closely as to create a dangerous situation.
Examples include:



A non-motorist (bicyclist, skateboard rider, roller blader, etc.) that attempts to
grab on to a motor vehicle that is in-transport.
A bicyclist is following a vehicle so closely that as it passes or takes an
avoidance maneuver around one vehicle going in the same direction as the
bicyclist, the bicyclist strikes the rear of the vehicle it was attempting to pass or
the rear of a another vehicle in the adjacent lane also going the same direction.

*37 (Traveling on Prohibited Trafficways) is used when the case materials identify that
this non-motorist was traveling on an open trafficway that prohibited travel for their mode
of transportation. This applies to all forms of pedestrian travel (skateboard riders, roller
bladers, etc.), as well as horseback riders, carriages, bicyclists, etc.
*40 (Passing Through or Around Barrier) is used when the case materials identify this
non-motorist was traveling through or around a "demarcated" area to be in a prohibited
area (street closed for a parade, construction, sidewalk closed, etc.).

2015

917

NM25
*41 (Failure to Observe Warnings or Instructions on Vehicles Displaying Them) is used
when the case materials identify this non-motorist failed to heed warnings or follow
instructions displayed on other vehicles.
Examples include:





A non-motorist failed to follow construction instructions (e.g., arrows directing traffic
mounted on a vehicle) or instructions on emergency vehicles (ambulances, fire trucks,
police cars).
A non-motorist failed to observe right-turn warning on a truck or buses.
A bicyclist failed to heed hazard lights on a disabled vehicle.
A child failed to walk around the school bus arm that was extended into the travel
lane that permitted the bus driver to see the child in the roadway.

*42 (Failure to Signal Intentions) is used when the case materials identify this nonmotorist failed to signal their intentions as required. This attribute includes a failure to
signal by either lamp turn signal or hand.
*51 (Operator Inexperience) is used when the case materials identify this non-motorist’s
(horseback rider, skate boarder, bicyclist without training wheels, etc.) lack of
experience contributed to their involvement. Should be expressed by officer and not
presumed based on age.
*52 (Unfamiliar with Roadway) is used when the case materials identify this nonmotorist’s (horseback rider, skate boarder, bicyclist without training wheels, etc.) lack
of familiarity with the area/location where the crash occurred contributed to their
involvement. Should be expressed by officer and not presumed based on age.
56 (Non-Driver Flees Scene) is used when the case materials identify this non-motorist
left the scene of a Hit-and-Run crash.
Examples Include:



A bicyclist clipped by a vehicle that runs off the road and overturns, leaves the scene on
their bike.
A pedestrian is pushing an occupied wheelchair, which is struck by a motor
vehicle. The pedestrian panics and flees the scene.

*57 (Improper Tire Pressure) is used when the case materials identify that improper tire
pressure was present on one or more tires of a bicycle, non-motor vehicle transport
device or personal conveyance in use by this non-motorist. It signifies that improper tire
pressure is not a defect, but rather the irresponsibility of this person.
Vision Obscured By:
The following set of attributes identifies visual obstructions noted in the case materials
applicable to this non-motorist.
918

2015

NM25
*60 (Rain, Snow, Fog, Smoke, Sand, Dust)
*61 (Reflected Glare, Bright Sunlight or Headlights)
*62 (Curve, Hill or Other Design Features [including traffic signs, embankment])
*63 (Building, Billboard or Other Structures)
*64 (Trees, Crops or Vegetation)
*65 (Motor Vehicle [including load])
Examples include:




A car stopped on the roadway.
A tractor-trailer in-transport on the road.
A school bus stopped for the purpose of loading and/or unloading children.

*66 (Parked Vehicle)
*67 (Splash or Spray of a Passing Vehicle)
*68 (Inadequate Lighting System)
*69 (Obstructing Angles on the Vehicle) is used when the case materials identify
obstructing angles on this person's vehicle. This attribute should not to be confused with visual
obstructions from other vehicles. (See 65 (Motor Vehicle [including load]) and 66 (Parked
Vehicle).
*70 (Mirrors) is used when the case materials identify that this non-motorist’s vision
was obscured by any type of mirror.
*72 (Other Visual Obstruction) is used when the case materials identify that this nonmotorist’s vision was obscured by something other than previously listed. For
example, a trailer that has been left parked on the side of the road by a truck or vehicle.
Skidding, Swerving, Sliding Due To:
This set of attributes is applicable to the non-motorist that attempted to avoid one of the
following or whose control loss was related to one of the following.
*73 (Severe Crosswind) is used when the case materials identify this non-motorist’s
control loss was related to severe crosswinds.
*74 (Wind From Passing Truck) is used when the case materials identify this nonmotorist’s control loss was related to winds produced by a passing truck.

2015

919

NM25
*75 (Slippery or Loose Surface) is used when the case materials identify this nonmotorist’s control loss was related to the surface composition of the roadway and/or
the condition of that composition. Not to be used when the surface is slippery due to
environment conditions such as rain, ice or snow (see 83 (Ice, Snow, Slush, Water,
Sand, Dirt, Oil or Wet Leaves on Road).
Examples include:



A slippery surface that is old or worn resulting in loose gravel on the roadway.
Blacktop that is slick as a newly paved surface.

*76 (Tire Blowout or Flat) is used when the case materials identify this non-motorist’s
control loss was related to a tire blowout or flat.
*77 (Debris or Objects in Road) is used when the case materials identify this nonmotorist attempted to avoid or lost control as a result of debris in the road. Examples
would include: nails, glass, trash cans, tire retread, trash, dead animals, pile of sand,
barricades, etc.
*78 (Ruts, Holes, Bumps in Road) is used when the case materials identify this nonmotorist attempted to avoid or lost control as a result of a road surface anomalies such
as ruts, holes, dips or bumps.
*80 (Vehicle in Road) is used when the case materials identify this non-motorist
attempted to avoid or lost control as a result of another vehicle in the road. This
includes both contact and non-contact vehicles that remain at the scene.
*81 (Phantom Vehicle) is used when the case materials identify this non-motorist
attempted to avoid or lost control as a result of a non-contact vehicle that left the scene as
described by the police officer.
*82 (Pedestrian, Pedal Cyclist, or Other Non-Motorist) is used when the case materials
identify this non-motorist attempted to avoid or lost control as a result of a pedestrian, a
pedal cyclist (bicyclist) or other type of non-motorist.
*83 (Ice, Snow, Slush, Water, Sand, Dirt, Oil or Wet Leaves on Road) is used when the
case materials identify this non-motorist’s control loss was related to a substance on the
roadway that caused the roadway to be slick, which may interfere with the traction of the
vehicle. This attribute does not include part of the roadway composition. For cases
involving roadway composition issues, see 75 (Slippery or Loose Surface).
Other Non-Motorist Factors:
86 (Emergency Services Personnel) is used when the case materials identify that this
non-motorist was a fire fighter, wrecker service worker or Emergency Medical Service
(EMS) personnel.

920

2015

NM25

87 (Police or Law Enforcement Officer) is used when the case materials identify that this
non-motorist was a police or law enforcement officer working at the time of the crash.
The officer may be affiliated at the Federal, State or local law enforcement level. This
would also include: military and park police, border patrol officers and all other sworn
law enforcement officers.
90 (Non-Motorist Pushing a Vehicle) is used when the case materials identify the nonmotorist was pushing a vehicle.
91 (Portable Electronic Devices) is used when the case materials identify that this nonmotorist was using an electronic device (Cell phone, MP3 Player, PDA, etc.) that was
somehow related to the crash occurrence.
99 (Unknown) is used when the circumstances surrounding the crash are unknown and
reported as “unknown” by the investigating officer. In these circumstances, nine-fill all fields. If
99 (Unknown) is used for any field, ALL fields must be 99 (Unknown). DO NOT leave any
remaining fields blank.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(1M1F)
(1N0F)

RELATED FACTORS-PERSON
LEVEL equals 13,
PERSON TYPE equals 06,

(1N1F)

PERSON TYPE equals 10,

THEN
PERSON TYPE should equal 08.
RELATED FACTORS-PERSON LEVEL
(Not a MV Occupant) must not equal 09,
13, 69, 70, 86, 90.
RELATED FACTORS-PERSON LEVEL
(Not a MV Occupant) must not equal 09,
21, 37, 40-42, 51, 52, 56, 57, 60-70,
72-78, 80-83, 90, 91.
all factors must equal 99.

(1W0P) any RELATED FACTORS-PERSON
LEVEL equals 99,
(2W0P) any RELATED FACTORS-PERSON
all factors must equal blanks.
LEVEL equals blanks,
(3W0P) any RELATED FACTORS-PERSON
all subsequent factors must equal 00.
LEVEL equals 00,
(4W1P) A RELATED FACTORS-PERSON LEVEL (Not a MV Occupant) between 08 and
91 can be used only once per person form.
(8M0F) PERSON TYPE equals 04,
RELATED FACTORS-PERSON LEVEL
(Not a MV Occupant) must not equal 13,
86, 90.
(8Q0F) PERSON TYPE equals 08,
RELATED FACTORS-PERSON LEVEL
must not equal 09, 86, 90.

2015

921

NM25
IF
(9M0F)

PERSON TYPE equals 05,

(CK0P)

PERSON TYPE equals 07,

(CM0P) PERSON TYPE equals 19,

THEN
RELATED FACTORS-PERSON LEVEL
(Not a MV Occupant) must not equal 13,
21, 26, 40, 42, 51, 52, 57, 68-70, 73-83,
88.
RELATED FACTORS-PERSON LEVEL
(Not a MV Occupant) must not equal 09,
13, 69, 70, 86, 87, 90.
RELATED FACTORS-PERSON LEVEL
(Not a MV Occupant) must not equal 13,
69, 70, 90.

Consistency Check (FARS Only):
IF
(5W0P) RELATED FACTORS-PERSON
LEVEL equals 18,

922

THEN
SEX must equal 2, and AGE must be
greater than 012.

2015

SUPPLEMENTAL
THESE ELEMENTS DO NOT APPEAR ON THE CODING FORMS
They are presented on-screen by the M.D.E. System.

PERSON LEVEL ELEMENTS

Including Coding Instructions
SP1 – Death Certificate Number
SP2 – Fatal Injury At Work
SP3 – Race/Hispanic Origin

2015

923

THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

924

2015

SP1

DEATH CERTIFICATE NUMBER
(FARS Only)

FORMAT: Element Completed in MDE
SAS NAME: Person.CERT_NO
ELEMENT VALUES:
0s
9s

Not Applicable (not a fatality)
Any Numeric Characters
Unknown

Definition: This element identifies the four digit GSA code for the City where the death
occurred, the two digit state number and the six digit sequence number from the death
certificate as assigned by the State Vital Statistics or Vital Records Department.
Remarks:
Code the sequence number from the death certificate as assigned by your State Vital Statistics
Department. The sequence number is six digits in length and is part of the State File Number.
The format for coding the numbers is as follows:
First four digits _ _ _ _
Next two digits _ _
Last six digits _ _ _ _ _ _

City (where death occurred)
State (where death occurred)
Sequence Number (as assigned by State Vital Statistics
Department)

If this person is not a fatality, zero-fill this element.
Use GSA codes for the City and State where the death occurred according to the death
certificate. These are the same GSA codes you use for the City variables in the Crash Level
Form:
0000
0001-9996
9997
9999

Not a fatality or death not within city limits and no location code is available
GSA Geographical Location Codes
Other (Death within city limits, but no GSA code available for this city)
Unknown (City where death occurred cannot be found on death certificate).

The State codes are the same those you use for variables C1, V1, D1, PC1, P1 and NM1:
00
01
02
2015

Not a fatality
Alabama
Alaska

Montana
925

SP1

Missouri

Wyoming

If the fatal crash occurred in your State, but the death occurred in a hospital of another State,
please attempt to obtain the death certificate from that State and code the City and State
where the death occurred.
If a person dies at the crash scene, code the appropriate city code or location code for the
crash location. Code “0000” if the location is not within a city, and no geographical location
code is available.
If the location is not within a city, but a geographical location code is available, use the location
code.
If a person is transported by EMS and dies en-route or at the hospital, use the city code for the
hospital’s location.
Code the exact sequence number as indicated on the death certificate. If the sequence
number is less than six-digits long (e.g., it is 12345 (five digits)) right-justify your coded number
and zero-fill the first (and/or second digit) (e.g., _0_ _1_ _2_ _3_ _4_ _5_).
Note that if you receive a copy of the death certificate from the Medical Examiner or Coroner, it
may not contain the sequence number. The sequence number needed is the one assigned by
your State Vital Statistics or Vital Records Department, which is subsequently sent to the
National Center for Health Statistics. In those instances, leave the sequence number blank
until you are able to obtain it in a follow-up effort with your Vital Statistics Department.
If the sequence number contains a letter in it (e.g., N12345), simply ignore the letter and code
the numbers only (right-justified), (e.g., _0_ _1_ _2_ _3_ _4_ _5_).
If the death certificate number cannot be obtained, “9-fill” this element.
If the death certificate number can be obtained, but is not yet received, leave this element
blank until the number is available.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(7E0P)

INJURY SEVERITY equals 4,

(7F0P)

DEATH CERTIFICATE NUMBER is
not blank or 0000-00-000000,

926

THEN
DEATH CERTIFICATE NUMBER must
NOT equal 0000-00-000000.
INJURY SEVERITY must equal 4.

2015

SP2

FATAL INJURY AT WORK
(FARS Only)

FORMAT: 1 numeric
SAS NAME: Person.WORK_INJ
ELEMENT VALUES:
0
1
8
9

No
Yes
Not Applicable (not a fatality)
Unknown

Definition: This element indicates if the death certificate identified this person as being "at work"
at the time of the crash.
Remarks:
THIS ELEMENT DOES NOT APPEAR ON THE CODING FORMS. It is presented on-screen by
the M.D.E. System.
THE DEATH CERTIFICATE ALSO INDICATES WHETHER THE VICTIM WAS ON-THE-JOB AT
THE TIME OF FATAL INJURY.
0 (No) is used if the injury was not at work.
1 (Yes) is used if the injury was on the job.
8 (Not Applicable (not a fatality)) is used if the victim was not a fatality use.
9 (Unknown) is used if the death certificate does not indicate whether the injury was at work or if
you do not have access to death certificate information
FATAL INJURY AT WORK SHOULD ONLY BE DETERMINED FROM THE DEATH
CERTIFICATE, NOT FROM ANY OTHER SOURCE. HOWEVER, IT IS NOT NECESSARY TO
HAVE A COPY OF THE DEATH CERTIFICATE.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(7R0P)

FATAL INJURY AT WORK equals
0, 1, 9,
(7W0P) FATAL INJURY AT WORK equals 8,
2015

THEN
INJURY SEVERITY must equal 4.
INJURY SEVERITY must not equal 4.
927

SP2
IF
(P1A0)
(P130)

928

AGE is less than 012, and INJURY
SEVERITY equals 4,
BODY TYPE equals 60-67, 71, 72,
78, 79, and PERSON TYPE equals
01, 03, and INJURY SEVERITY
equals 4,

THEN
FATAL INJURY AT WORK should equal
0.
FATAL INJURY AT WORK should equal
1.

2015

SP3

RACE/HISPANIC ORIGIN
(FARS Only)

FORMAT: 2 numeric
SAS NAME: Person.RACE, Person.HISPANIC
ELEMENT VALUES:

28
38
48
58
68
78
97
98
99

Detail Race:
Not a Fatality (not applicable)
White
Black
American Indian (includes Aleuts and Eskimos)
Chinese
Japanese
Hawaiian (includes part-Hawaiian)
Filipino
Asian Indian
Other Indian (includes South and Central America, any others, except American or
Asian Indians)
Korean
Samoan
Vietnamese
Guamanian
Other Asian or Pacific Islander
Asian or Pacific Islander, No Specific (individual) Race
Multiple Races (Individual races not specified; ex. “mixed” )
All Other Races
Unknown

00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
99

Hispanic Origin:
Not a Fatality (not applicable)
Mexican
Puerto Rican
Cuban
Central or South American
European Spanish
Hispanic, Origin not Specified or Other Origin
Non-Hispanic
Unknown

00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
18
19

Definition: This element indicates the race and Hispanic origin of this person from the death
certificate.

2015

929

SP3
Remarks:
Race and Hispanic Origin should be obtained from the death certificate only.
THIS ELEMENT DOES NOT APPEAR ON THE CODING FORMS: It is presented on-screen
by the M.D.E. System.
Both RACE and HISPANIC ORIGIN are coded for fatal victims only (INJURY SEVERITY on
this person must be Fatal Injury). If INJURY SEVERITY is coded other than Fatal Injury on
the Person Level, the M.D.E. System will automatically enter “00’s” in both the RACE and
HISPANIC ORIGIN fields.
In general, the actual race will be written literally (i.e., white, black, Chinese, etc.) on the death
certificate. Hispanic Origin comes directly from a check box. Within that box, if Hispanic Origin
is “yes” a specific location (i.e., Cuba, Puerto Rico or Mexico) is indicated.
For translating the entries on the death certificate, refer to the table, “Detail Race and Hispanic
Origin for FARS.” This table is based on the guidelines provided by the Center for Disease
Control (CDC). The only exception is Hawaiian. Any race with Hawaiian is coded Hawaiian
(See Hawaiian).
DETAIL RACE
01 (White) should be coded for persons listed as White, Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban and
Caucasian for race.
06 (Hawaiian [includes part Hawaiian]) should be coded for any person listed as Hawaiian,
even if another race is listed as well.
19 (Other Indian) includes South and Central America and any other Indians, except
American or Asian Indians.
68 (Other Asian or Pacific Islander) is used when an “Other Asian” or “Pacific Island” race is
specified, and it is other than 04 (Chinese), 05 (Japanese), 06 (Hawaiian), 07 (Filipino), 18
(Asian Indian), 28 (Korean), 38 (Samoan), 48 (Vietnamese), or 58 (Guamanian).
78 (Asian or Pacific Islander, No Specific [individual] Race) is used when the death
certificate or report lists “Asian” for race.
97 (Multiple Races) is used when the death certificate indicates more than one race without
specifying the individual races (e.g., “mixed,” “multiple races,” “multi-racial,” etc.)
98 (All Other Races) is used if an individual race listed on the death certificate or report is not
found on the translation table

930

2015

SP3
If more than one race is listed on the death certificate or report, code the race entry listed first.
An example is “American Indian/White,” which should be coded 03 (American Indian). Again,
06 (Hawaiian) is the exception. (See 06 (Hawaiian).)
HISPANIC ORIGIN
06 (Hispanic Origin Not Specified, or Other Origin). This includes when you know they are
Hispanic, but the specific origin is not specified (e.g., Hispanic, Latino, Latin American, South
American).
99 (Unknown). This person could be Hispanic, or not. You don’t have enough information to
determine whether or not they are Hispanic. (E.g., all you know is that Race is “White,” “Black,”
“European,” or “Indian,” and no other information is provided.)
If you receive a listing from the Vital Statistics Department, be sure you request a translation
table for the code structure. For FARS, we tried to match the coding structure to the National
Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) coding structure for these elements; however, it was
necessary to modify NCHS’s structure slightly in order to be consistent with other FARS
codes. (Reference: National Center for Health Statistics. Documentation for the Mortality
Public Use Data Set, 1999. Available at URL:
http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/dvs/Mort99doc.pdf.
Consistency Checks:
IF
(7E1P)
(7E2P)
(7E3P)

INJURY SEVERITY equals 4,
INJURY SEVERITY equals 4,
INJURY SEVERITY does not equal 4,

(7F1P)
(7F2P)
(7F3P)

RACE equals 00,
HISPANIC ORIGIN equals 00,
RACE is not equal to 00, and
HISPANIC ORIGIN is not equal to 00,

2015

THEN
RACE must not equal 00.
HISPANIC ORIGIN must not equal 00.
RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN must
equal 00.
INJURY SEVERITY must not equal 4.
INJURY SEVERITY must not equal 4.
INJURY SEVERITY must equal 4.

931

932

2015

Australia

Bahrain

Azorean
Bahamian
Bahrain

Azores

Bahamian

Australasia &
Pacific
Europe

Black

Bilatian

Bhutan

Bhutanese

Africa

Asia

Bermuda

Bermudan

Africa

Benin

Europe

CDC
Ethnic*

6
6

Belarus

Belorussian, Byelorussian

Central America

Bengali

Belize

Belizian

Belgium

* SEE NATIONAL CENTER FOR HEALTH STATISTICS (NCHS) CODES

Blanc

Black

Bilatian

Bengali

Belizian

Belgian

Europe

Bavarian

Basque

Barbados

Basque

Asia

Middle East

Europe

Bangladesh

Azores

Azerbiajan

Bangladeshi

Baleanc Islands

Bahamas

Austrian

Austria

Australian

Assyrian

Athapaskan

Asiatic
Assyrian

Asian Indian

CDC
Race*

Asian

Region

Asian

Country
1

Ancestry/
Ethnicity (CDC)

Aryan

Race (CDC)

DETAIL RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN FOR FARS

FARS
Detail
Race
01

FARS
Hispanic
Origin
99

2015

933

Bolivia (Boliviano)

Bolivian

Africa

Burkina Faso
Burma (Also
Myanmar)
Burundi

Castillan

Cape Verdean

Cape Verde

Africa

Cantonese

* SEE NATIONAL CENTER FOR HEALTH STATISTICS (NCHS) CODES

Carib

Cape Verde

Canary Islands

1
3

North America

Canadian Mexican

Canada

Africa

Canadian

Cameroon

20
Asia

Cambodia

Cambodian

California

Africa

Asia

Europe

Bulgaria

Asia

CDC
Ethnic*

Cajun

Burundi

Burmese

Bulgarian

Brunei

(See Belize)

South America

Canadian Indian

Canadian

Cambodian

Cajun

Burmese

Brown

British Honduran

British

Brazil

Brazilian

CDC
Race*

Brazilian

Africa

Europe

South America

Region

Botswana

Bosnia-Herzegovna

Bolivia

Country

Brava (Bravo)

Botswana

Boricua (Borinquano)

Bohemian

Ancestry/
Ethnicity (CDC)

Bohemian

Race (CDC)

DETAIL RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN FOR FARS

FARS
Detail
Race
01

FARS
Hispanic
Origin
07

934

2015
Dahomey

Czechoslovakian

Czech Republic

Cyprus

Cypriot

Africa

Europe

* SEE NATIONAL CENTER FOR HEALTH STATISTICS (NCHS) CODES

Czechoslovakian

Cuba

Cuban

Europe

Croatia

1
1
--

Cuban

Central America

Africa

Costa Rica

Congo (Republic of)

Africa

Costa Rica (Constarricense)
Creole
Croatian

Congolese

Comoros

South America

Crucian

Costa Rican
Creole

Colored

Colombia

4
1

Colombia (Colombiano)

Asia

Colombian

China

South American

Chinese

Chile

Chinese/White

Chinese

Chile (Chilano)

Chicano

Chicano/Mex/American

Chamorro

Africa

Chad

Ceylonese

CDC
Race*

Centroamericano

Africa

Region

Central African
Republic

Cayman Islands

Country

Central European

Central African Republic

Celltic

Caucasian

Catalonia

Ancestry/
Ethnicity (CDC)

Chamorro

Ceylonese

Caucasian

Race (CDC)

04
16
19

CDC
Ethnic*

DETAIL RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN FOR FARS

01
01
01

FARS
Detail
Race
01

04
99
07

FARS
Hispanic
Origin
05

2015

935

Dominican Republic
Netherlands

Dominican Republic
Dutch

Dominican

Fijan

Fiji

Australasia &
Pacific

* SEE NATIONAL CENTER FOR HEALTH STATISTICS (NCHS) CODES

Fijan

Fernando PO

South America

Falkland Islands

European

Eurasian

Africa

Eurasian

Ethiopia

Ethiopian

Europe

Estonian

Estonia

Espana, (Espanol)

CDC
Ethnic*

-3

Africa

Eskimo, Eskimoan

Eritrea

Equatorial Guinea

Ethiopia(n)

Eskimo, Eskimoan

Eritrean

Equatorial Guinea

Europe

English-Irish

England

Europe

English

Central America

English-French

English

El Salvador

North Africa

Egypt

Egyptian

South America

Ecuador

Ecuador (Ecuatoriano)

Ecuadorian

Eastern European
1

East Indian

Ebian

CDC
Race*

Dutch East Indian

Europe

Africa

Djibouti
Dominica

Europe

Region

Denmark

Country

Danish

Ancestry/
Ethnicity (CDC)

Danish

Race (CDC)

DETAIL RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN FOR FARS

FARS
Detail
Race
01

FARS
Hispanic
Origin
07

936

2015

Finnish

French Indian

French Indian (American)

South America

* SEE NATIONAL CENTER FOR HEALTH STATISTICS (NCHS) CODES

Guyana

Guinea-Bissau

Guinean
Guyanaq

Africa

Guinea

Guatemala (Guatemalteco)

Guatemalan

Guyanese

Africa

Guatemala

Guamanian

Central America

Guadeloupe

Grenada
Guam

Greenland

Greece

Europe

Africa

Europe

Greek

Ghana

Germany

Guamanian

Greek

Great Russian

Ghanaian

Gilbertese

German

Georgia

Georgian

Europe

Africa

Gambia

CDC
Race*

Gambian

Africa

Europe

Asia

Region

Gabon

French Polynesia

French Guiana

France

Finland

Philippines

Country

Galapagos Islands

Gabonese

French Canadian

French Indian (India)

French

Franco American

Flemish

Filipino

Ancestry/
Ethnicity (CDC)

Filipino

Race (CDC)

01
01

FARS
Hispanic
Origin
07

FARS
Detail
Race
07

CDC
Ethnic*

DETAIL RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN FOR FARS

2015

937

Central America

Honduras (Hondureno)
Hong Kong

Honduran

Europe

* SEE NATIONAL CENTER FOR HEALTH STATISTICS (NCHS) CODES

Italy

Italian

Middle East

1
1

Israel

Europe

Israeli

Ireland

Middle East

Israelite

Irish

Iraq

Middle East

Iraqi

Iran

Islamic

Iranian

Iran(ian)

Asia

Indo-Aryan
Indonesia

Indian (AM,AK,CN,MX)
Indonesian

Indian (Argentina)

Indonesian

Asia

Indian (American)

India

1
9

Indian (From India)

Europe

Indian (From India)

Iceland

Icelandic

Europe

India

Icelandic

Iberian (Ibero)

Hungary

Hmong

Hungarian

Hong Kong

Hispanio

Hispanic

Hungarian

Honduras

Hindu

Asia

Hebrew

Hebrew
9

Hawaiian/Part Hawaiian

Hawaiian

CDC
Race*

Hawaiian

Haiti

Region

Haitian

Country

Hamitic

Gypsy

Ancestry/
Ethnicity (CDC)

Gypsy

Race (CDC)

CDC
Ethnic*

DETAIL RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN FOR FARS

FARS
Detail
Race
01

FARS
Hispanic
Origin
07

938

2015

Jordanian

Korean
Kuwaiti

Korean

Kuwaitian

Lithuanian

Europe

Liechtenstein
Lithuania

North Africa

Libya

Africa

Middle East

* SEE NATIONAL CENTER FOR HEALTH STATISTICS (NCHS) CODES

Libyan

Liberia

Lesotho
Liberian

Lesotho

Lebonese

Liberian

Lebanon

Latvian

Europe

Latino
Latvia

American

Latin American

Laotian

Asia

Kyrgyzstan

Laos

Middle East

Asia

Africa

Asia

Kuwait

Korea-South

Korea-North

Kiribati

Kenya

Kazakhstan

Jordan

Laotian

La Raza

Korean

Ladina

Kenyan

Kashmirian

Jewish

Jew
Middle East

Javanese

Java

Asia

Japanese

Japan

Jamaica

CDC
Race*

Jamaican

Africa

Region

Jamaican

Ivory Coast/Cote
D’Ivoire

Country

Ivory Coast

Ancestry/
Ethnicity (CDC)

Jackson (Jack) White

Race (CDC)

CDC
Ethnic*

DETAIL RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN FOR FARS

FARS
Detail
Race

FARS
Hispanic
Origin

2015

939

Malaysian

Malayan

Mixed

* SEE NATIONAL CENTER FOR HEALTH STATISTICS (NCHS) CODES

Mohammed Ali

Micronesian

Mexican American

Micronesian

Mexican Indian

Mexican

North America

Mestizo-Inca
Mexican (Mexicano)

Mestizo
Mexico

-9

Melanesian

Africa

Melanesian

Mauritius

Africa

Mauritania

Martinique

Australasia &
Pacific

Europe

Mediterranean

Mauritian

Marshenese

Marshall Islands

Malta

Africa

Asia

Maldives
Mali

Asia

Africa

Malaysia

Malawi

Madagascar

Europe

Macedonia

CDC
Race*
--

Europe

Region

Macau

Luxembourg

Country

Mauritanian

Maori

Marshallese

Maltese

Mallorca (Mallorquin)

Mali

Malawi

Majorca

Madagascan

Ancestry/
Ethnicity (CDC)

Malawian

Race (CDC)

CDC
Ethnic*

DETAIL RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN FOR FARS

FARS
Detail
Race
01

FARS
Hispanic
Origin
07

940

2015

North Africa

Nicaragua (Nicaraguense)

Nicaragua

New Zealand

Central America

* SEE NATIONAL CENTER FOR HEALTH STATISTICS (NCHS) CODES

Nicaraguan

Newfoundland

New Zelander

New Caledonia

Australasia &
Pacific
Australasia &
Pacific

Europe

Netherlands
Netherlands Antilles

Asia

Nepal

Nepali

Australasia &
Pacific

Nepalese

Nauru

Negro

Native American

Africa

Asia

Negro/Indian

Negro

Nassau

Africa

Muslim
Mozambique
Myanmar (also
Burma)
Namibia

Mullato
Muslim

Mugandan

Moslem

Morocco

Morroccan

CDC
Race*

Morroccan

Montenegro

Asia

Europe

Monaco
Mongolia

Europe

Region

Moldova

Country

Mongolian

Ancestry/
Ethnicity (CDC)

Moor(ish)

Mongolian

Mohammedan (Moslem)

Race (CDC)

---

FARS
Detail
Race
01

CDC
Ethnic*

DETAIL RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN FOR FARS

FARS
Hispanic
Origin
07

2015

941

Philipino

Poland

Philippines

Peru

Paraguay

Papua New Guinea

Panama

Palau

Pakistan

Europe

Asia

South American

Central America
Australasia &
Pacific
South America

Asia
Australasia &
Pacific

* SEE NATIONAL CENTER FOR HEALTH STATISTICS (NCHS) CODES

Polish

Peru (Peruano)

Peruvian

Polish

Persian

Pennsylvania Dutch

Persian

Parsi

Panama (Panameno)

Panamanian

Paraguay (Paraguayo)

Palestinian

Pakistani

Palestinian

Palauan

Pakistani

1
--

---

CDC
Ethnic*

Pacific Islander

---

Middle East

Oriental

Oman

Okinawan

Octaroon

1
1

Europe

Occidental

Norway
2

Norwegian

Nubian

Norwegian

Europe

North American
Northern Ireland

Nordic (Icelandic)

Africa

Nordic

Nigeria

CDC
Race*

Nigerian

Africa

Region

Nigerian

Niger

Country

Nipponese

Niger

Ancestry/
Ethnicity (CDC)

Nipponese (Nipon)

Race (CDC)

DETAIL RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN FOR FARS

FARS
Detail
Race
02

FARS
Hispanic
Origin
07

942

2015

San Marino
Sao Tome and
Principe

* SEE NATIONAL CENTER FOR HEALTH STATISTICS (NCHS) CODES

Saint Vincent

Saint Lucia

Africa

9
Saint Kitts-Nevis

Australasia &
Pacific

Samoan

Samoa(n)

American Samoa

Salvadoreno

Salvadorian

-9

Africa

Salpanese

Rwanda

Europe

Russia

Russian

Rumanian

Romany

Romania

Ryukyan

Russian

Rotanese

Romanian

Reunion

Africa

Rhodesia

Red

Rhodesian

Quadroon
Red

Middle East

Qatar

Puerto Rican

Punjabi

Puerto Rico

Prussia
Puerto Rican
(Puertorriqueno)
Punjabi

Portugal

CDC
Race*

Portuguese

Europe

Region

Portuguese

Country

Polynesian

Ancestry/
Ethnicity (CDC)

Ponapean

Polynesian

Race (CDC)

CDC
Ethnic*

DETAIL RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN FOR FARS

FARS
Detail
Race
68

FARS
Hispanic
Origin
07

2015

943

South Africa

South African

Africa

* SEE NATIONAL CENTER FOR HEALTH STATISTICS (NCHS) CODES

South American

Somalia

Somalian

Solomon Islands

Slovish
Australasia &
Pacific
Africa

Slovikian

Europe

Slovenia

Sloavic (Slovenian)

Europe

Slovakia

Slovak

Slovakian

9
4

Singhalease

Asia

Singaporean

Singapore

Sikhs

Sino Burman

Singhalease

Sikh

Africa

Sierra Leone

Sicilian

Siamese

Africa

Seychelloise

Seychelles

Europe
1

Serbo-Croation

Serbia

Servian

Serbian

Africa

Semitic
Senegal

Selawik

Scotch-Irish

Europe

Scottish

Scotch

Scotland

CDC
Race*

Scandinavian

Middle East

Region

Scandinavian

Saudi Arabia

Country

Saudi Arabian

Ancestry/
Ethnicity (CDC)

Saxon(y)

Saudia-Arabian

Race (CDC)

CDC
Ethnic*

DETAIL RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN FOR FARS

FARS
Detail
Race
01

FARS
Hispanic
Origin
07

944

2015

Asia

* SEE NATIONAL CENTER FOR HEALTH STATISTICS (NCHS) CODES

Turkmenistan

Turkey

Middle East

Turkish

Turk

North Africa

Tunisian

Tunisia

Trinidad and Tobago

Australasia &
Pacific

Trinidadian

Africa

Trinidadian

Tonga

Togo

Togolese

Tibet

Triguano

Tongan

Tibetan

Asia

Thailand

Thai

Teutonic

Africa

Tanzanian

Tanzania

Tamil-Malayan
Tanzanian

Tamil-Ceylonese

Asia

Tajikistan

Asia

Taiwan

Taiwanese

Taimskin

Middle East

Europe

CDC
Race*

Syria

Switzerland

Swiss
Syrian

Sweden

Swedish

North Africa

Asia

Sri Lanka
Sudan

Europe

Region

Spain

Country

Tahitian

Syrian

Swedish

Swaziland

Sudanese

Sunni

Spain (Spaniard)

Southern European

Ancestry/
Ethnicity (CDC)

Spanish

Race (CDC)

CDC
Ethnic*

DETAIL RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN FOR FARS

FARS
Detail
Race
01

FARS
Hispanic
Origin
99

2015

945

White Russian

* SEE NATIONAL CENTER FOR HEALTH STATISTICS (NCHS) CODES

Wiam (White American)

White

Africa
Australasia &
Pacific

White

Western Samoa

Western Sahara

West Indian

West Indies (Indian)

Europe

Asia

Welsh

Wales (United
Kindom)

Vietnam

Venezuela

Vanuatu

Australasia &
Pacific
South America

Asia

Welsh

Vietnamese

Vietnam(ese)
Viking

Venezuela (Venezolano)

Valencian

Uzbekistan

South America

Uruguay (Uruguayo)

Uruguay

Africa

Upper Volta

North America
0

United States of
America

Middle East
--

Europe

Unknown

Venezuela(n)

Ute

Unknown or Blank

United Kingdom

Ukraine
United Arab
Emirates

Ukrainian

Africa

Uganda

CDC
Race*

Ugandan

Australasia &
Pacific

Region

Ugandan

Tuvalu

Country

Ancestry/
Ethnicity (CDC)

Ubontilian

Race (CDC)

CDC
Ethnic*

DETAIL RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN FOR FARS

FARS
Detail
Race

FARS
Hispanic
Origin

946

2015

Zambia

Zambian
Africa

Africa

Europe

CDC
Ethnic*

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

CDC RACE CODE
Unknown/Blank
White/Mexican/Puerto Rican, Other Caucasian
Black
Indian (American, Canadian, Alaskan, Aleut/Eskimo)
Chinese
Japanese
Other Non-White
Hawaiian/Part Hawaiian
Filipino
Asian/Pacific Island Other

RACE DISCRIPTION

NCHS (NATIONAL CENTER FOR HEALTH STATISTICS) RACE CODES

Zimbabwe

Zaire

Zaire
Zanzibar

Yugoslavia

Yugoslavian

CDC
Race*

Yemen

Middle East

Region

-Yemen

Country

Yellow

Ancestry/
Ethnicity (CDC)

* SEE NATIONAL CENTER FOR HEALTH STATISTICS (NCHS) CODES

Zoroastrian

Yugoslavian

Yapanes

Race (CDC)

DETAIL RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN FOR FARS

FARS
Detail
Race
68

FARS
Hispanic
Origin
07

2015

947

ANCESTRY/ETHNICITY DESCRIPTION
Mexican
Puerto Rican
Cuban
Central or South American
Other & Unknown Spanish
“American”
Indian (American, Alaskan, Canadian or Mexican Indian, Eskimo & Aleut)
English, Scottish, Welsh, Scotch-Irish
Irish
German
French
Norwegian, Swedish, Danish
Polish
Italian
Other North, Central and South American or Canadian
Other Western European
Other Northern European
Other Eastern European
Other Southern European (Excluding Spain)
Southwest Asian & Pacific Islander
South Central Asian
Other Asian
North African
Other African
Unknown
Blank

* SEE NATIONAL CENTER FOR HEALTH STATISTICS (NCHS) CODES

CDC ANCESTORY CODE
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
99
Blank

NCHS (NATIONAL CENTER FOR HEALTH STATISTICS) ANCESTRY CODES

DETAIL RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN FOR FARS

THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

948

2015

APPENDIX
2015 CONSISTENCY
CHECKS
The following pages contain Consistency Checks,
Intraconsistency Checks and Special
Processing Rules.
It is arranged in alpha/numeric order.
All questions concerning the FARS/NASS GES Coding
Manual and coding issues should be directed to
codingquestions@nisrinc.com

2015

949

ERROR CODE

950

ERROR TEST

050P

If PERSON TYPE equals 04-08, 19, and NUMBER OF
VEHICLE FORMS SUBMITTED equals 001, then NUMBER OF
MOTOR VEHICLE STRIKING NON-MOTORIST must equal
001.

060P

If NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE STRIKING NON-MOTORIST
is not equal to 000, 999, then the NUMBER OF MOTOR
VEHICLE STRIKING NON-MOTORIST must equal some
VEHICLE NUMBER in the case, and the UNIT TYPE must
equal 1.

0PB1

If PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN
equals 741, then at least one NON-MOTORIST
CONTRIBUTING CIRCUMSTANCES must equal 11.

170F

If MONTH equals current month, then DAY must be at least 2
days prior to current day or 99.

1A0P

If RELATED FACTORS-CRASH LEVEL equals 14, then
NUMBER OF VEHICLE FORMS SUBMITTED must be greater
than 001.

1A1P

If RELATED FACTORS-CRASH LEVEL equals 05, then
ROADWAY SURFACE CONDITIONS must equal 06 for at least
one vehicle.

1C0P

If the MODEL YEAR is not equal to 9998 or 9999, then the
MODEL YEAR must not be greater than CRASH YEAR plus
ONE.

1D0P

If SPECIAL USE equals 01, then BODY TYPE must equal
02-09, 12, 14-21, 28, 29, 49, 99.

1D0Q

If SPECIAL USE equals 00-03, then EMERGENCY MOTOR
VEHICLE USE must equal 0.

1F1P

If RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) does not equal 02, 03, then the
second TRAFFICWAY IDENTIFIER should be blank.

1G0P

If one RELATED FACTORS-VEHICLE LEVEL equals 99, then
both factors must equal 99.

1H0F

If DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9, then PREVIOUS
SPEEDING CONVICTIONS must be blank.

2015

ERROR CODE

2015

ERROR TEST

1H1F

If DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9, then DRIVER’S LICENSE
STATE must be blank.

1H2F

If DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9, then LICENSE COMPLIANCE WITH CLASS OF VEHICLE must be blank.

1H3F

If DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9, then NON-CDL LICENSE
STATUS and COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE LICENSE
STATUS must be blank.

1H4F

If DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9, then COMPLIANCE WITH
LICENSE RESTRICTIONS must be blank.

1H6F

If DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9, then VIOLATIONS
CHARGED must be blank.

1H7F

If DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9, then PREVIOUS
RECORDED CRASHES must be blank.

1H8F

If DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9, then PREVIOUS
RECORDED SUSPENSIONS must be blank.

1H9F

If DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9, then PREVIOUS DWI
CONVICTIONS must be blank.

1HAF

If DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9, then PREVIOUS OTHER
MOVING VIOLATION CONVICTIONS must be blank.

1HBF

If DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9, then DATE OF LAST
CRASH, SUSPENSION, CONVICTION must be blank.

1HCF

If DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9, then DATE OF FIRST
CRASH, SUSPENSION, CONVICTION must be blank.

1HDF

If DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9, then DRIVER HEIGHT
(feet and inches) must equal blank.

1HEF

If DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9, then DRIVER WEIGHT
must equal blank.

1HFF

If DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9, then SPEEDING RELATED
must be blank.

1HGF

If DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0 or 9, then DRIVER LICENSE
NUMBER must equal blank.

951

ERROR CODE

952

ERROR TEST

1HJF

If DRIVER'S VISION OBSCURED BY equals 95, then DRIVER
PRESENCE must equal 0 or 9.

1I0P

If DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE equals 99, then NON-CDL
LICENSE STATUS must not equal 0-4, 6, and COMMERCIAL
MOTOR VEHICLE LICENSE STATUS must not equal 00-08.

1J0P

If any counter equals 99, then all counters must equal 99.

1J1P

If any counter equals 99, then DATE OF LAST CRASH,
SUSPENSION, CONVICTION must equal 999999.

1J2P

If any counter equals 99, then DATE OF FIRST CRASH,
SUSPENSION, CONVICTION must equal 999999.

1K0P

If DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE equals 99, then LICENSE
COMPLIANCE WITH CLASS OF VEHICLE must not equal 0-3.

1L0P

If any RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER LEVEL equals blanks,
then all RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER LEVEL must equal
blanks.

1L2P

If any DRIVER’S VISION OBSCURED BY equals 00 or 95 or
99, then only that one code and no other must be coded for this
vehicle.

1L4P

If any DRIVER’S VISION OBSCURED BY equals 09, then at
least one CONTRIBUTING CIRCUMSTANCES, MOTOR
VEHICLE must equal 97.

1L5P

If any DRIVER’S VISION OBSCURED BY equals 10, then at
least one CONTRIBUTING CIRCUMSTANCES, MOTOR
VEHICLE must equal 07 or 08 or 09.

1M1F

If RELATED FACTORS-PERSON LEVEL (Not a MV Occupant)
equals 13, then PERSON TYPE should equal 08.

1N0F

If PERSON TYPE equals 06, then RELATED FACTORSPERSON LEVEL (Not a MV Occupant) must not equal 09, 13,
69, 70, 86, 90.

1N1F

If PERSON TYPE equals 10, then RELATED FACTORSPERSON LEVEL must not equal 09, 21, 37, 40-42, 51, 52,
56, 57, 60-70, 72-78, 80-83, 90, 91.

2015

ERROR CODE

2015

ERROR TEST

1N4F

If any NON-MOTORIST SAFETY EQUIPMENT equals 5, then
NON-MOTORIST CONTRIBUTING CIRCUMSTANCES should
not equal 13.

1P2F

If PERSON TYPE equals 10, then NON-MOTORIST LOCATION
AT TIME OF CRASH must equal 25.

1P3F

If PERSON TYPE equals 10, then NON-MOTORIST
ACTION/CIRCUMSTANCES must not equal 01-12, 16, and
NON-MOTORIST CONTRIBUTING CIRCUMSTANCES must
not equal 01-20.

1P4F

If PERSON TYPE equals 04, then NON-MOTORIST ACTION/
CIRCUMSTANCES must not equal 04, 12.

1P5F

If PERSON TYPE equals 06-08, 19, then NON-MOTORIST
ACTION/CIRCUMSTANCES must not equal 04.

1P7F

If PERSON TYPE equals 04, then NON-MOTORIST ACTION/
CIRCUMSTANCES should not equal 10, 11.

1P8F

If PERSON TYPE equals 06, 07, then NON-MOTORIST
ACTION/CIRCUMSTANCES should not equal 10-12.

1P9F

If PERSON TYPE equals 08, then NON-MOTORIST ACTION/
CIRCUMSTANCES should not equal 11.

1P0G

If PERSON TYPE equals 05, then NON-MOTORIST
CONTRIBUTING CIRCUMSTANCES must not equal 07, 08, 10,
13-18, 20.

1P1G

If PERSON TYPE equals 19, then NON-MOTORIST ACTION/
CIRCUMSTANCES should not equal 11, 12.

1P3G

If PERSON TYPE equals 04, 06, 07, then NON-MOTORIST
CONTRIBUTING CIRCUMSTANCES should not equal 04.

1P4G

If PERSON TYPE equals 04, 06-08, 19, then NON-MOTORIST
CONTRIBUTING CIRCUMSTANCES should not equal 05.

1P5G

If PERSON TYPE equals 08, then NON-MOTORIST
CONTRIBUTING CIRCUMSTANCES should not equal 20.

1P6G

If PERSON TYPE equals 04, 06-08, 19, then CONDITION
(IMPAIRMENT) AT TIME OF CRASH must not equal 03.

953

ERROR CODE

954

ERROR TEST

1P7G

If PERSON TYPE equals 05-07, 19, then CONDITION
(IMPAIRMENT) AT TIME OF CRASH should not equal 04.

1P8G

If PERSON TYPE equals 10, then CONDITION (IMPAIRMENT)
AT TIME OF CRASH should not equal 01-10, 96.

1P9G

If NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT THE TIME OF CRASH
equals 20, then NON-MOTORIST CONTRIBUTING
CIRCUMSTANCES must not equal 02-04, 15.

1P0H

If NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT THE TIME OF CRASH
equals 21, then NON-MOTORIST CONTRIBUTING
CIRCUMSTANCES must not equal 02-04, 07-10, 15, 16, 20.

1P1H

If NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT THE TIME OF CRASH
equals 22, then NON-MOTORIST CONTRIBUTING
CIRCUMSTANCES must not equal 01, 02, 04, 07, 08, 11,15,
20.

1P2H

If NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT THE TIME OF CRASH
equals 23, then NON-MOTORIST CONTRIBUTING
CIRCUMSTANCES must not equal 12, 15.

1P3H

If NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT THE TIME OF CRASH
equals 24, then NON-MOTORIST CONTRIBUTING
CIRCUMSTANCES must not equal 01, 03, 04, 10, 11.

1P4H

If NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT THE TIME OF CRASH
equals 25, then NON-MOTORIST CONTRIBUTING
CIRCUMSTANCES must not equal 01-04, 10-12, 15-17, 20.

1P5H

If NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT THE TIME OF CRASH
equals 28, 98, 99, then NON-MOTORIST CONTRIBUTING
CIRCUMSTANCES should not equal 01, 03, 04, 10-12, 15, 16,
20.

1P6H

If NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT THE TIME OF CRASH
equals 16, then NON-MOTORIST CONTRIBUTING
CIRCUMSTANCES should not equal 04, 16.

1P7H

If NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT THE TIME OF CRASH
equals 21, then NON-MOTORIST CONTRIBUTING
CIRCUMSTANCES should not equal 01, 05, 11, 12, 17.

2015

ERROR CODE

2015

ERROR TEST

1P8H

If NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT THE TIME OF CRASH
equals 23, then NON-MOTORIST CONTRIBUTING
CIRCUMSTANCES should not equal 02.

1P9H

If NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT THE TIME OF CRASH
equals 24, then NON-MOTORIST CONTRIBUTING
CIRCUMSTANCES should not equal 02, 05, 12, 15, 16.

1PH0

If NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT THE TIME OF CRASH
equals 25, then NON-MOTORIST CONTRIBUTING
CIRCUMSTANCES should not equal 07-09.

1PK2

If NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME OF CRASH equals 21,
then SIDEWALK PRESENT must equal 1.

1PK3

If NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME OF CRASH equals 01
or 10, then MARKED CROSSWALK PRESENT must equal 1.

1Q0F

If PERSON TYPE equals 01, and BODY TYPE equals 80-83,
88, 89, then SEATING POSITION must not equal 12-55, 99.

1R0P

If SEATING POSITION equals 51, and BODY TYPE equals
50-52, 55, 58, 59, then INJURY SEVERITY must not equal 0, 9.

1R1P

If DIED AT SCENE/EN ROUTE equals 7, 8, then INJURY
SEVERITY must equal 4.

1T0P

If SPEED LIMIT for every vehicle is greater than 55, and not
equal to 98 or 99, then LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
SYSTEM (a) should not equal 2 or 6, and LAND USE AND
FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM (b) should not equal 06, 07 or 96.

1U1F

If INJURY SEVERITY equals 4, then DEATH DATE must not
equal 88888888.

1U2F

If INJURY SEVERITY equals 4, then DEATH TIME must not
equal 8888.

1V0P

If DEATH MONTH or DAY equals 88, or DEATH YEAR equals
8888, then all must equal 8’s.

1W0P

If any RELATED FACTORS-PERSON LEVEL equals 99, then
all factors must equal 99.

1Y0P

If RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals 06, then RAIL GRADE
CROSSING IDENTIFIER must not equal 0000000.
955

ERROR CODE

956

ERROR TEST

1Z0N

SEQUENCE OF EVENTS for this vehicle should not include
more than one occurrence of 01. Please see SEQUENCE OF
EVENTS remarks for 01 (Rollover/Overturn) to confirm coding.

1Z1N

SEQUENCE OF EVENTS for this vehicle should not equal 01,
67 consecutively or 67, 01 consecutively.

1Z1P

If any SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals 66, then ROADWAY
GRADE should equal 6 for this vehicle.

1Z2P

If any SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals 01 and (BODY TYPE
equals 01-79, 82, 90-99 or any RELATED FACTORS-VEHICLE
LEVEL equals 30), then ROLLOVER must equal 1, 2 or 9.

200P

If CITY is greater than 0000 and less than 9997, and COUNTY
is greater than 000 and less than 997, then COUNTY and CITY
must be valid codes for the STATE.

210P

If CITY is greater than 0000 and less than 9997, then COUNTY
must not equal 999.

220P

If LIGHT CONDITION equals 4, and STATE is not equal to 02,
then CRASH TIME must equal 0300-0900, 9999.

2300

If LIGHT CONDITION equals 5, and STATE is not equal to 02,
then CRASH TIME must equal 1600-2200, 9999.

250P

If RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals 01, 02, 04, 06, 07,
16-19, 98, 99, and RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals 03,
then TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION should equal 2, 3 for at
least one vehicle involved in the first harmful event.

251P

If RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals 98, 99, then TYPE OF
INTERSECTION should equal 98, 99.

252P

If RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals 01, 02, 03, 04, 07, 08,
10, 11, 98 or 99, then UNIT TYPE for VEHICLE NUMBER
(OTHER VEHICLE) involved in the first harmful event must not
equal 3.

253P

If RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals 03, then CRASH TYPE
should equal 06-10, 98 or 99 for the in-transport vehicles
involved in the first harmful event.

2015

ERROR CODE

2015

ERROR TEST

254P

If RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals 01, and RELATION TO
JUNCTION (b) equals 20, then TRAFFICWAY DESCRIP-TION
must equal 6 for at least one vehicle involved in the first harmful
event.

255P

If RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals 01 or 11, then UNIT
TYPE for VEHICLE NUMBER (THIS VEHICLE) involved in the
first harmful event must equal 1.

256P

If RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals 01 or 11, then UNIT
TYPE for VEHICLE NUMBER (OTHER VEHICLE) involved in
the first harmful event should equal 1 or 4.

257P

If RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals 05, then UNIT TYPE for
VEHICLE NUMBER (OTHER VEHICLE) involved in the first
harmful event must equal 1, 3 or 4.

260P

If ROUTE SIGNING equals 1, then NATIONAL HIGHWAY
SYSTEM must equal 1.

2B0P

If JACKKNIFE equals 1-3, then VEHICLE TRAILING must not
equal 0, 9.

2D0P

If SPECIAL USE equals 02, then BODY TYPE should equal
15, 16, 19-21, 28, 29, 45, 48, 50-52, 55, 58, 59.

2F0F

If NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS equals 00, then DRIVER
PRESENCE must equal 0.

2G0P

If either RELATED FACTORS-VEHICLE LEVEL equals blanks,
then the other factor must also equal blanks.

2H0F

If DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9, then RELATED FACTORSDRIVER LEVEL must not equal 04, 08, 12, 13, 15, 16, 19, 52,
53, 58, 59, 73, 74, 77-88.

2H1F

If UNIT TYPE equals 1 and DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0 or 9,
then DRIVER’S VISION OBSCURED BY must equal 95.

2I0P

If DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE equals 99, then COMPLIANCE
WITH LICENSE RESTRICTIONS must not equal 0-3.

2J0P

If all counters are not blanks and PREVIOUS RECORDED
CRASHES is not equal to 98 and any counter are not equal to
00, 99, then DATE OF LAST CRASH, SUSPENSION,
CONVICTION must not equal 000000, 999999.
957

ERROR CODE

958

ERROR TEST

2J1P

If all counters are not blanks and PREVIOUS RECORDED
CRASHES is not equal to 98, and any counter are not equal to
00, 99, then DATE OF FIRST CRASH, SUSPENSION,
CONVICTION must not equal 000000, 999999.

2K0P

DATE OF FIRST CRASH, SUSPENSION, CONVICTION must
be less than or equal to DATE OF LAST CRASH, SUSPENSION, CONVICTION.

2L0P

If any RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER LEVEL equals 99, then all
RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER LEVEL must equal 99.

2M0F

If PERSON TYPE equals 01, then SEATING POSITION must
not equal 21-55.

2Q0F

If PERSON TYPE equals 02, 03, 09, and BODY TYPE equals
01, 02, 04, 08, 10, 17, 31-33, 39-41, 45, 48, 90, 91, then
SEATING POSITION must not equal 31-50.

2R0P

If RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET USE equals 00-04, 07-12,
then BODY TYPE must not equal 80-83, 88, 89, 90, 91.

2R1P

If ANY INDICATION OF MIS-USE OF RESTRAINT SYSTEM/
HELMET USE equals 1, then RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET
USE must equal 01-05, 08-12, 19, 97.

2S0P

If RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET USE equals 05, 16, 17, 19 or
29, then AIR BAG DEPLOYED should equal 00.

2S1P

If RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET USE equals 07, 16 or 17,
then ANY INDICATION OF MIS-USE OF RESTRAINT
SYSTEM/HELMET USE must equal 0.

2U0P

If BODY TYPE equals 80-83, 88-91, then AIR BAG DEPLOYED
should equal 00.

2U0Q

If BODY TYPE equals 80-83, 88, 89, then AREAS OF IMPACT INITIAL CONTACT POINT should not equal 14.

2U1F

If INJURY SEVERITY is not equal to 4, then DEATH DATE must
equal 88888888.

2U2F

If INJURY SEVERITY is not equal to 4, then DEATH TIME must
equal 8888.

2015

ERROR CODE

2015

ERROR TEST

2U3F

If INJURY SEVERITY equals 3, then TRANSPORTED TO
FIRST MEDICAL FACILITY BY should not equal 0.

2V0P

If DEATH DAY is 01-31, and DEATH MONTH is 01-12, then
DEATH DAY must be a valid day for DEATH MONTH.

2W0P

If any RELATED FACTORS-PERSON LEVEL equals blanks,
then all factors must equal blanks.

2Z0F

If any SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals 12, 14, 45, 54, 55, then
NUMBER OF VEHICLE FORMS SUBMITTED must be greater
than 001.

300P

If NATIONAL HIGHWAY SYSTEM equals 0, 9, then LAND USE
AND FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM (b) must not equal 01.

320P

If LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM (b) equals 01, and
ROUTE SIGNING does not equal 7, then NATIONAL HIGHWAY
SYSTEM must equal 1.

330P

If NATIONAL HIGHWAY SYSTEM equals 0, 9, then ROUTE
SIGNING must not equal 1.

340P

If ROUTE SIGNING equals 1, then the first position of
TRAFFICWAY IDENTIFIER #1 must be “I” and the second
position must be “-”.

341P

If the first position of TRAFFICWAY IDENTIFIER #1 equals “I”
and the second position equals “-”, then ROUTE SIGNING must
equal 1 or 7.

350P

If ROUTE SIGNING equals 2, then the first two positions of
TRAFFICWAY IDENTIFIER #1 must be “US” and the third
position must be “-”.

351P

If the first two positions of TRAFFICWAY IDENTIFIER #1 equals
“US” and third position equals “-”, then ROUTE SIGNING must
equal 2 or 7.

360P

If ROUTE SIGNING equals 3, then the first two positions of
TRAFFICWAY IDENTIFIER #1 must be “SR” and the third
position must be “-”.

959

ERROR CODE

960

ERROR TEST

361P

If the first two positions of TRAFFICWAY IDENTIFIER #1 equals
“SR” and third position equals “-”, then ROUTE SIGNING must
equal 3 or 7.

362P

If ROUTE SIGNING equals 4, then the first two positions of
TRAFFICWAY IDENTIFIER #1 must be “CR” and the third
position must be “-”.

3A0P

If SPECIAL USE equals 07, then BODY TYPE must equal
60-64, 66, 67, 71, 72, 78, 79, 99.

3B0P

If JACKKNIFE equals 2, 3, then TRAVEL SPEED must not
equal 000.

3B1P

If CRASH TYPE equals 21-23, then TRAVEL SPEED must
equal 000 for this vehicle.

3B2P

If CRASH TYPE equals 20, 24, 28, 34, 36, 38, 40, 50-54, 56, 58
or 60, then AREAS OF IMPACT-INITIAL CONTACT POINT
must equal 12 for this vehicle.

3B3P

If CRASH TYPE equals 21-23, 25-27, 29-31, 35, 37, 39 or 41,
then AREAS OF IMPACT-INITIAL CONTACT POINT must
equal 6 for this vehicle.

3B4P

If PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF
CRITICAL EVENT) equals 10, then CRASH TYPE must not
equal 44-69, 71-73, 76, 77, 79, 81-83, 86-92.

3B5P

If PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF
CRITICAL EVENT) equals 11, then CRASH TYPE must not
equal 44-67, 69-71, 73, 77-81, 83, 86-92.

3B6P

If CRASH TYPE equals 87, then AREAS OF IMPACT-INITIAL
CONTACT POINT must equal 01-05, 81-83 for this vehicle.

3B7P

If CRASH TYPE equals 89, then AREAS OF IMPACT-INTIAL
CONTACT POINT must equal 07-11, 61-63 for this vehicle.

3BAP

If UNIT TYPE equals 1, and DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0,
then CRASH TYPE must equal 00, 04, 09, 15, 32, 42, 48, 52,
62, 66, 74, 84, 90, 93 or 98.

3BCP

If CRASH TYPE equals 34, 36, 38, 40, 54, 56, 58 or 60, then
DRIVER MANEUVERED TO AVOID must not equal 00.

2015

ERROR CODE

2015

ERROR TEST

3BDP

If CRASH TYPE equals 46, 47, and ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE
MANEUVER equals 01 or 99, then PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT
(PRIOR TO RECONITION OF CRITICAL EVENT) must not
equal 01.

3BEP

If CRASH TYPE equals 01 or 06, and ATTEMPTED
AVOIDANCE MANEUVER equals 01, then PRE-IMPACT
STABILITY should not equal 2-5 or 7.

3BFP

If PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF
CRITICAL EVENT) equals 08 or 09, then CRASH TYPE must
not equal 46 or 47.

3BGP

If PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF
CRITICAL EVENT) equals 00, then DRIVER PRESENCE must
equal 0 or 9.

3BHP

If ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE MANEUVER does not equal
02-12, 98, then PRE -IMPACT STABILITY should not
equal 7.

3C00

If CRASH TYPE equals 68, 72, 76 or 82, then PRE-EVENT
MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL
EVENT) should equal 11 or 98.

3C0P

If UNIT TYPE equals 1, and EXTENT OF DAMAGE equals 6,
then VEHICLE REMOVAL should equal 2, 8, 9.

3C10

If CRASH TYPE equals 70, 78 or 80, then PRE-EVENT
MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL
EVENT) should equal 10 or 98.

3C1P

If EXTENT OF DAMAGE equals 0, 2, then VEHICLE REMOVAL
must not equal 2.

3C1Q

If EXTENT OF DAMAGE equals 0, 2, then VEHICLE REMOVAL
should equal 3 or 5.

3C20

If this vehicle is involved in the first harmful event and its
CRASH TYPE equals 29-31, then this vehicle’s PRE-EVENT
MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL
EVENT) should equal 02.

3C2P

If VEHICLE REMOVAL equals 2, then EXTENT OF DAMAGE
must equal 6, 8, 9.

961

ERROR CODE

962

ERROR TEST

3C30

If PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF
CRITICAL EVENT) equals 12, then CRASH TYPE should equal
98.

3C3P

If EXTENT OF DAMAGE equals 6, then VEHICLE REMOVAL
must not equal 3.

3C40

If CRASH TYPE equals 46, then PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT
(PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT) should
equal 06, 15, 16, or ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE MANEUVER
should equal 07, 09 or 12.

3C50

If CRASH TYPE equals 92, then PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT
(PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT) should
equal 08, 09, 13, 98, 99.

3C60

If CRASH TYPE equals 25-27, 29-31, then PRE-EVENT
MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL
EVENT) should not equal 05 or 07.

3C70

If PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF
CRITICAL EVENT) equals 13, then CRASH TYPE should equal
92 or 98.

3C80

If CRASH TYPE equals 47, then PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT
(PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT) should
equal 06, 15, 16, or ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE MANEUVER
should equal 06, 08 or 11.

3CA0

If EXTENT OF DAMAGE for this vehicle equals 0, then
DAMAGED AREAS must equal 15.

3D00

If CRASH TYPE equals 20-49, and ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE
MANEUVER equals 00, 01, then CRITICAL EVENT –
PRECRASH (EVENT) should not equal 12-14, 54, 66-68, 71-73
or 80-85.

3D0P

If SPECIAL USE for any vehicle equals 02, then SCHOOL BUS
RELATED must equal 1.

3D10

If CRASH TYPE equals 50-67, and ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE
MANEUVER equals 00-01, then CRITICAL EVENT –
PRECRASH (EVENT) should not equal 12-14, 51-53, 60, 61,
65, 66, 70, 71, 80-85 or 87-92.

2015

ERROR CODE

2015

ERROR TEST

3D50

If PRE-IMPACT STABILITY equals 1, then CRASH TYPE
should not equal 02, 07, 34, 36, 54 or 56.

3D60

If CRASH TYPE equals 46 or 47, then PRE-EVENT
MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL
EVENT) should not equal 01.

3D70

If CRITICAL EVENT – PRECRASH (EVENT) equals 01-04, then
CONTRIBUTING CIRCUMSTANCES, MOTOR VEHICLE must
not equal 00.

3DB0

If any CONTRIBUTING CIRCUMSTANCES, MOTOR VEHICLE
equal 00 or 98 or 99, then only that one code and no other must
be coded for this vehicle.

3E00

If CRITICAL EVENT – PRECRASH (EVENT) equals 65-68 or
70-73, then RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) should not equal 01
or 18.

3G0P

If the first RELATED FACTORS-VEHICLE LEVEL equals 00,
then the other factor must also equal 00.

3H0F

If DRIVER PRESENCE equals 1, then there must be one and
only one Person Level form for that vehicle with PERSON TYPE
equal to 01, or there must be no Person Level form for that
vehicle with PERSON TYPE equal to 01, and at least two
Person Level forms for that vehicle with PERSON TYPE equal
to 09.

3I1P

If DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE equals 99, then all driver history
counters PREVIOUS RECORDED CRASHES must equal 99.

3I2P

If DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE equals 99, then all driver history
counters PREVIOUS RECORDED SUSPENSIONS AND
REVOCATIONS must equal 99.

3I3P

If DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE equals 99, then all driver history
counters PREVIOUS DWI CONVICTIONS must equal 99.

3I4P

If DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE equals 99, then all driver history
counters PREVIOUS SPEEDING CONVICTIONS must equal
99.

3I5P

If DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE equals 99, then all driver history
counters PREVIOUS OTHER MOVING VIOLATION
CONVICTIONS must equal 99.
963

ERROR CODE

964

ERROR TEST

3J0P

If all counters equal 00, then DATE OF LAST CRASH,
SUSPENSION, CONVICTION must equal 000000.

3J1P

If all counters equal 00, then DATE OF FIRST CRASH,
SUSPENSION, CONVICTION must equal 000000.

3K0P

DATE OF LAST CRASH, SUSPENSION, CONVICTION must
be less than or equal to CRASH DATE.

3L0P

If any RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER LEVEL equals 00, then all
remaining RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER LEVEL must equal
00.

3M0F

If PERSON TYPE equals 01, then RESTRAINT SYSTEM/
HELMET USE must not equal 04, 10-12.

3P0F

If PERSON TYPE equals 03-08, 10, 19, then INJURY
SEVERITY should not equal 6.

3Q0F

If PERSON TYPE equals 02, 03, 09, and BODY TYPE equals
01-17, 19, 20, 22, 28-33, 39, 41, 42, 50-52, 55, 58, 59, 65,
80-83, 88-92, 94, 95, 97, then SEATING POSITION must not
equal 50.

3R0P

If AIR BAG DEPLOYED does not equal 00, 98 or 99, then
SEATING POSITION should not equal 12, 22, 32, 41-55.

3S0P

If SEATING POSITION equals 55, then EJECTION must equal
8.

3U0P

If DEATH DATE equals CRASH DATE, and CRASH TIME is not
equal to 9999, then DEATH TIME must not be less than CRASH
TIME.

3W0P

If any RELATED FACTORS-PERSON LEVEL equals 00, then
all subsequent factors must equal 00.

420P

If MANNER OF COLLISION equals 07, 08, then there must be
at least two vehicle forms with AREAS OF IMPACT-INITIAL
CONTACT POINT equal to 01-05, 07-11, 61-63, 81-83, 98, 99.

2015

ERROR CODE

2015

ERROR TEST

421P

If MANNER OF COLLISION equals 01, then AREAS OF
IMPACT-INITIAL CONTACT POINT for one vehicle in the first
harmful event must equal 12, and AREAS OF IMPACT- INITIAL
CONTACT POINT for the other vehicle in the first harmful event
must equal 06.

422P

If MANNER OF COLLISION equals 02, then AREAS OF
IMPACT-INITIAL CONTACT POINT for one vehicle in the first
harmful event must equal 12, and AREAS OF IMPACT- INITIAL
CONTACT POINT for the other vehicle in the first harmful event
must equal 12.

423P

If MANNER OF COLLISION equals 06, then AREAS OF
IMPACT-INITIAL CONTACT POINT for one vehicle in the first
harmful event must equal 01, 11, 12, 98, 99, and AREAS OF
IMPACT- INITIAL CONTACT POINT for the other vehicle in the
first harmful event must equal 01-05, 07-11, 61-63, 81-83, 98,
99.

424P

If MANNER OF COLLISION equals 09, then AREAS OF
IMPACT- CONTACT POINT for one vehicle in the first harmful
event must equal 06, and AREAS OF IMPACT- INITIAL
CONTACT POINT for the other vehicle in the first harmful event
must equal 01-05, 07-11, 61-63, 98, 99.

425P

If MANNER OF COLLISION equals 10, then AREAS OF
IMPACT-INITIAL CONTACT POINT for one vehicle in the first
harmful event must equal 06, and AREAS OF IMPACT- INITIAL
CONTACT POINT for the other vehicle in the first harmful event
must equal 06, 98, 99.

426P

If MANNER OF COLLISION equals 02, then CRASH TYPE
must not equal 64-67 for the vehicles involved in the first harmful
event.

427P

If MANNER OF COLLISION equals 06, then CRASH TYPE
must not equal 20-43 or 50-53 for the vehicles involved in the
first harmful event.

428P

If CRASH TYPE equals 20-91, then NUMBER OF VEHICLE
FORMS SUBMITTED must be greater than 001.

429P

If NUMBER OF VEHICLE FORMS SUBMITTED equals 001,
then CRASH TYPE must equal 00, 01-16, 92, 98, 99.

965

ERROR CODE

966

ERROR TEST

42AP

If NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLES FORMS SUBMITTED
equals 001, and RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals 02, 04,
06-08, and ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE MANEUVER equals 00
or 01, then CRITICAL EVENT - PRECRASH (EVENT) should
equal 01-06, 08-14 or 19.

42BP

If there is only one vehicle involved in the First Harmful Event
where UNIT TYPE equals 1, then the number of vehicles where
CRASH TYPE is coded 00, 1-16, 92, 93 or 99 (excluding from
the vehicles being counted, those where CRASH TYPE equals
98) must not equal 0 or be greater than 1.

42CP

If there are two vehicles involved in the FIRST HARMFUL
EVENT, then those two vehicles’ CRASH TYPES must belong
to the same CRASH TYPE Configuration.

431P

If NUMBER OF VEHICLE FORMS SUBMITTED equals 02 and
UNDERRIDE/OVERRIDE equals 1-8 9 for one vehicle, then
UNDERRIDE/OVERRIDE for the other vehicle must equal 0.

432P

If NUMBER OF VEHICLE FORMS SUBMITTED equals 01,
UNDERRIDE/OVERRIDE must equal 0.

440F

If FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 08, 09, 15, and RELATION
TO TRAFFICWAY equals 01, then there must be at least one
Person Level (Not a MV Occupant) form with NON-MOTORIST
LOCATION AT TIME OF CRASH equal to 01-03, 09-11, 13, 16,
23, 98 or 99.

450F

If FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 08, 09, 15, and RELATION
TO TRAFFICWAY equals 07, then there must be at least one
Person Level (Not a MV Occupant) form with NON-MOTORIST
LOCATION AT TIME OF CRASH equal to 14.

460F

If FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 08, 09, 15, and RELATION
TO TRAFFICWAY equals 02, then there must be at least one
Person Level (Not a MV Occupant) form with NON-MOTORIST
LOCATION AT TIME OF CRASH equal to 02, 20.

470F

If FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 08, 09, 15, and RELATION
TO TRAFFICWAY equals 03, 08, 10, then there must be at least
one Person Level (Not a MV Occupant) form with NONMOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME OF CRASH equal to 20, 22,
98, 99.

2015

ERROR CODE

2015

ERROR TEST

480F

If FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 08, 09, 15, and RELATION
TO TRAFFICWAY equals 04, 06, then there must be at least
one Person Level (Not a MV Occupant) form with NONMOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME OF CRASH equal to 09, 16,
20, 21, 24, 25, 28, 98, 99.

490F

If FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 08, 09, 15, and RELATION
TO TRAFFICWAY equals 05, then there must be at least one
Person Level (Not a MV Occupant) form with NON-MOTORIST
LOCATION AT TIME OF CRASH equal to 24, 25.

4A0P

If BODY TYPE equals 80-83, 88, 89, then SPECIAL USE must
not equal 01-03, 06, 07.

4C1P

If NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96, and BODY TYPE
equals 01-05, 07-09, 14, 15, 17, 19, 94, 95, 97, and VEHICLE
TRAILING does NOT equal 0, then NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS
must not be greater than 20.

4C2P

If NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96, and BODY TYPE
equals 06, 11, 16, and VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT equal 0,
then NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be greater than 22.

4C3P

If NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96, and BODY TYPE
equals 12, and VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT equal 0, then
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be greater than 25.

4C4P

If NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96, and BODY TYPE
equals 80-83, 88, 89, and VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT equal
0, then NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be greater than 5.

4C5P

If NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96, and BODY TYPE
equals 42, 73, and VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT equal 0, then
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be greater than 30.

4C6P

If NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96, and BODY TYPE
equals 60-65, 71, 72, 79, and VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT
equal 0, then NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be greater
than 55.

4C7P

If NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96, and BODY TYPE
equals 66, and VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT equal 0, then
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be greater than 77.

967

ERROR CODE

968

ERROR TEST

4C8P

If NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96, and BODY TYPE
equals 91, and VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT equal 0, then
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be greater than 10.

4C9P

If NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96, and BODY
TYPE equals 90, and VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT equal 0,
then NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be greater than 20.

4C0P

If NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96, and BODY TYPE
equals 99, and VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT equal 0, then
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be greater than 10.

4D0P

If SPECIAL USE equals 03, then BODY TYPE must equal 21,
28, 29, 50-52, 55, 58, 59.

4F1P

If NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is less than 97, and BODY TYPE
equals 01-05, 07-10, 13, 17, 80-83, 88-90, 91-95, 97, and
VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0, then NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS
must not be greater than 15.

4F2P

If NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96, and BODY TYPE
equals 06, 11, and VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0, then
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be greater than 22.

4F3P

If NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96, and BODY TYPE
equals 12, and VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0, then NUMBER
OF OCCUPANTS must not be greater than 25.

4F4P

If NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96, and BODY TYPE
equals 80-83, 88, 89, and VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0, then
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be greater than 5.

4F5P

If NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96, and BODY TYPE
equals 15, 16, 42, 73, and VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0, then
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be greater than 30.

4F6P

If NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96, and BODY TYPE
equals 60-65, 71, 72, 79, and VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0,
then NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS must not be greater than 55.

4F7P

If NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96, and BODY TYPE
equals 66, and VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0, then NUMBER
OF OCCUPANTS must not be greater than 50.

2015

ERROR CODE

2015

ERROR TEST

4F8P

If NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96, and BODY TYPE
equals 91, and VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0, then NUMBER
OF OCCUPANTS must not be greater than 10.

4F9P

If NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96, and BODY TYPE
equals 90, and VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0, then NUMBER
OF OCCUPANTS must not be greater than 20.

4F9Q

If NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is less than 97, and BODY TYPE
equals 06, 11, 12, 14-16, 19, and VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0
then NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not be greater than 15.

4F0P

If NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96, and BODY TYPE
equals 99, and VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0, then NUMBER
OF OCCUPANTS must not be greater than 10.

4G0P

A RELATED FACTORS-VEHICLE LEVEL between 30 and 44
can be used only once per vehicle form.

4H0F

If DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9, then there must not be a
Person Level form for that vehicle with PERSON TYPE equal
to 01.

4H1P

If DRIVER HEIGHT/INCHES is less than 12, then DRIVER
HEIGHT/FEET must not be blank.

4H2P

If DRIVER HEIGHT/INCHES is greater than 11, then DRIVER
HEIGHT/FEET must equal 0.

4H3P

If DRIVER HEIGHT/FEET is 2-8, then DRIVER HEIGHT/
INCHES must equal 00-11.

4H4P

If DRIVER HEIGHT/FEET equals 9, then DRIVER HEIGHT/
INCHES must equal 99.

4H5P

If DRIVER HEIGHT/INCHES equals 99, then DRIVER HEIGHT/
FEET must equal 9.

4H6P

If DRIVER HEIGHT/INCHES equals 98, then DRIVER
HEIGHT/FEET must equal 0.

4H7P

If DRIVER HEIGHT/FEET is 0, then DRIVER HEIGHT/INCHES
must equal 24-96, 98.

969

ERROR CODE

970

ERROR TEST

4J0P

If all counters are not blanks, and the sum of all counters less
than 98 is equal to 1, then DATE OF LAST CRASH,
SUSPENSION, CONVICTION must equal DATE OF FIRST
CRASH, SUSPENSION, CONVICTION.

4K0P

If Month of DATE OF LAST CRASH, SUSPENSION,
CONVICTION equals 00, then Year (of same) must equal 0000.

4K1P

If Year of DATE OF LAST CRASH, SUSPENSION, CONVICTION equals 0000, then Month (of same) must equal 00.

4K2P

If Month of DATE OF FIRST CRASH, SUSPENSION,
CONVICTION equals 00, then Year (of same) must equal 0000.

4K3P

If Year of DATE OF FIRST CRASH, SUSPENSION,
CONVICTION equals 0000, then Month (of same) must equal
00.

4L0P

If any RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER LEVEL equals 39 for
this vehicle, then TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE should not
equal 00 for this vehicle.

4N1P

If VEHICLE CONFIGURAION does not equal 00, then MOTOR
CARRIER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER must not equal
00-000000000.

4N2P

If MOTOR CARRIER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER equals
00-000000000, then VEHICLE CONFIGURATION must equal
00.

4N3P

If MOTOR CARRIER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (Identification
Number) equals 000000000, then MOTOR CARRIER
IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (Issuing Authority) must equal 00.

4N4P

If MOTOR CARRIER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER does not
equal 00-000000000, then BODY TYPE must equal 21, 28, 31,
40, 45, 48-52, 55, 58-64, 66, 67, 71, 72, 78, 79, 92, 93, 99, or
HM2 must equal 2.

4N5P

If BODY TYPE does not equal 21, 28, 31, 40, 45, 48-52, 55,
58-64, 66, 67, 71, 72, 78, 92, 93, or HM2 does not equal 2, then
MOTOR CARRIER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER must equal
00-000000000, 99-999999999.

2015

ERROR CODE

2015

ERROR TEST

4N6P

If MOTOR CARRIER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER equals
77-777777777, then BODY TYPE should equal 28, 45, 48-52,
55, 58-64, 66, 67, 71, 72, 78, 93, or HM1 should equal 2.

4N7P

If MOTOR CARRIER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (Identification
Number) equals 888888888 or 777777777 or 999999999, then
MOTOR CARRIER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (Issuing
Authority) should be filled respectively as 88 or 77 or 99.

4NAP

If MOTOR CARRIER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (Issuing
Authority) equals 01-58, 95, 96, then MOTOR CARRIER
IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (Identification Number) should not
equal 888888888, 777777777, 999999997, 999999999.

4NBP

If MOTOR CARRIER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (Issuing
Authority) 01-58, 95, 96, then MOTOR CARRIER
IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (Identification Number) must not
equal 000000000.

4NCP

If MOTOR CARRIER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (Issuing
Authority) is 00 or 77 or 88 or 99, then MOTOR CARRIER
IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (Identification Number) must be
filled respectively as 000000000 or 777777777 or 88888888 or
999999999.

4Q0F

If PERSON TYPE equals 02, 03, 09, and BODY TYPE equals
80-83, 88, 89, then SEATING POSITION must not equal 12,
14-19, 22-50.

4Q1F

If PERSON TYPE equals 02, 03, and BODY TYPE equals 21,
then SEATING POSITION must not equal 50, 52.

4R0P

If SEATING POSITION equals 54, then VEHICLE TRAILING
must not equal 0.

4S0P

If BODY TYPE equals 80-82, 83, 88, 89, then EJECTION must
equal 8.

4S1P

If BODY TYPE equals 80-83, 88, 89, and HM1 does not equal 1
then COMPLIANCE WITH CDL ENDORSEMENTS MUST equal
0.

4U0F

Each original submission must have at least one Person Level
form with INJURY SEVERITY coded 4.

971

ERROR CODE

972

ERROR TEST

4V1F

If INJURY SEVERITY equals 4, then DEATH DATE and DEATH
TIME for this person must be within 720 hours of the CRASH
DATE and CRASH TIME.

4V2F

If CRASH MONTH equals 12, and DEATH MONTH equals 01,
then DEATH YEAR must equal CRASH YEAR plus 1.

4V3F

If CRASH MONTH equals 12, then DEATH MONTH must equal
01, 12, 88, 99.

4V4F

If CRASH MONTH equals 02-11, and DEATH MONTH is not
equal to 88 or 99, then DEATH MONTH must equal CRASH
MONTH or CRASH MONTH plus 1.

4V5F

If CRASH MONTH equals 01, and DEATH MONTH is not equal
to 88, or 99, then DEATH MONTH must equal CRASH MONTH
or CRASH MONTH plus 1 or CRASH MONTH plus 2.

4V6P

If DEATH MONTH is not equal to blanks, then DEATH DAY and
DEATH YEAR must not equal blanks.

4V7P

If DEATH DAY is not equal to blanks, then DEATH MONTH and
DEATH YEAR must not equal blanks.

4V8P

If DEATH YEAR is not equal to blanks, then DEATH MONTH
and DEATH DAY must not equal blanks.

4W0P

A RELATED FACTORS-PERSON LEVEL (MV Occupant)
between 05 and 92 can be used only once per person form.

4W1P

A RELATED FACTORS-PERSON LEVEL (Not a MV Occupant)
between 08 and 91 can be used only once per person form.

4X2F

If any CONDITION (IMPAIRMENT) AT TIME OF CRASH (D23)
equals 00 or 98 or 99, then only that one code and no other
must be coded for this driver.

4X3F

If any CONDITION (IMPAIRMENT) AT TIME OF CRASH
(NM14) equals 00 or 98 or 99, then only that one code and no
other must be coded for this person.

4X4F

If any CONDITION (IMPAIRMENT) AT TIME OF CRASH (D23)
equals 09, then POLICE REPORTED ALCOHOL
INVOLVEMENT (P16) or POLICE REPORTED DRUG
INVOLVEMENT (P19) should equal 1 for this person.

2015

ERROR CODE

2015

ERROR TEST

4X5F

If NON-MOTORIST ACTION/CIRCUMSTANCES is selected 04,
then NON-MOTORIST ACTION/CIRCUMSTANCES attributes
05 or 06 or 16 should also be selected.

4X6F

If any CONDITION (IMPAIRMENT) AT TIME OF CRASH
(NM14) equals 09, then POLICE REPORTED ALCOHOL
INVOLVEMENT (NM15) or POLICE REPORTED DRUG
INVOLVEMENT (NM18) should equal 1 for this person.

4X7F

If any NON-MOTORIST ACTION/CIRCUMSTANCES equals 98
or 99, then only that one code and no other must be coded for
this person.

4X8F

If any NON-MOTORIST CONTRIBUTING CIRCUMSTANCES
equals 00 or 99, then only that one code and no other must be
coded for this person.

4X9F

If any NON-MOTORIST SAFETY EQUIPMENT equals 1 or 8 or
9, then only that one code and no other must be coded for this
person.

4Z0P

If SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals 02, then FIRE
OCCURRENCE for this vehicle must equal 1.

4Z1P

If UNIT TYPE equals 1 and FIRE OCCURRENCE equals 1,
then at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS must equal 02.

500F

If FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 01-11, 14, 15-21 23-26,
30-35, 44-53, 57-59, 72,73, then MANNER OF COLLISION
must not equal 01, 02, 06-11, 98, 99.

510F

If FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 12, 54, 55, then MANNER
OF COLLISION must not equal 00.

520F

If FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 10, then TRAFFIC
CONTROL DEVICE must not equal 01-04, 07-09, 20-50,
98 for the vehicle involved in the first harmful event.

530F

If FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 08, 09, 15, and RELATION
TO TRAFFICWAY equals 99, then there must be at least one
Person Level (Not a MV Occupant) form with NON-MOTORIST
LOCATION AT TIME OF CRASH equal to 09, 98, 99.

973

ERROR CODE

974

ERROR TEST

531F

If FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 08, 09, 15, and RELATION
TO TRAFFICWAY equals 11, then there must be at least one
Person Level (Not a MV Occupant) form with NON-MOTORIST
LOCATION AT TIME OF CRASH equal to 11.

540F

If FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 02, then the vehicle involved
in the first harmful event must have FIRE OCCURRENCE equal
to 1.

550F

If FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 08, then at least one person
must have PERSON TYPE equal 05, 10.

560F

If FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 09, then at least one person
must have PERSON TYPE equal to 06, 07.

570F

If FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 05, 06, then at least one
PERSON TYPE equal to 01-03, 09 must have INJURY
SEVERITY equal to 1-5, or blank.

580F

If FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 14, and RELATED
FACTORS - PERSON (MV OCCUPANT) LEVEL does not equal
32, 89 for at least one occupant in the not in-transport motor
vehicle involved in the first harmful event, then RELATION TO
TRAFFICWAY should not equal 01.

590F

If FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 15, then at least one Person
Level form must have a PERSON TYPE of 08.

5A0P

If BODY TYPE equals 80, 81, 83, 88, 89, and any RELATED
FACTORS - VEHICLE LEVEL does not equal 30, then
ROLLOVER must equal 0.

5A1P

If BODY TYPE equals 60-79, and UNIT TYPE equals 1, then
FINAL STRATUM should not equal 1, 3, 5 or 6.

5A2P

If FINAL STRATUM equals 2, then there must exist at least one
vehicle where BODY TYPE equals 60-79, and UNIT TYPE
equals 1.

5A3P

If FINAL STRATUM equals 1, 5 or 6, then there should exist at
least one vehicle where BODY TYPE equals 01-49, and UNIT
TYPE equals 1, and VEHICLE REMOVAL equals 2.

2015

ERROR CODE

2015

ERROR TEST

5A4P

If FINAL STRATUM equals 1, then there should exist:
1) at least one vehicle where BODY TYPE equals 01-49, UNIT
TYPE equals 1, and VEHICLE REMOVAL equals 2, and
INJURY SEVERITY equals 4 for at least one occupant of that
vehicle; or
2) one and only one vehicle where BODY TYPE equals
01-49, and UNIT TYPE equals 1, and VEHICLE REMOVAL
equals 2, and INJURY SEVERITY equals 3 for at least one
occupant of that vehicle; or
3) 2 or more vehicles where BODY TYPE equals 01-49, and
UNIT TYPE equals 1, and at least 2 vehicles where BODY
TYPE equals 01-49, and UNIT TYPE equals 1, and VEHICLE
REMOVAL equals 2, and INJURY SEVERITY equals 3 for at
least one occupant of a vehicle where BODY TYPE equals
01-49, and UNIT TYPE equals 1, and VEHICLE REMOVAL
equals 2.

5A5P

If FINAL STRATUM equals 5, then there should exist at least
one vehicle where BODY TYPE equals 01-49, and UNIT TYPE
equals 1, and VEHICLE REMOVAL equals 2, and INJURY
SEVERITY equals 1, 2, 3 or 5 for at least one occupant of that
vehicle.

5A6P

If FINAL STRATUM equals 2, then there 1) should exist at least
one vehicle where UNIT TYPE equals 1, and VEHICLE
REMOVAL equals 2; or 2) INJURY SEVERITY should equal 1-5
for at least one person in the crash.

5A7P

If FINAL STRATUM equals 3, then INJURY SEVERITY must
equal 2-4 for at least one person in the crash.

5A8P

If FINAL STRATUM equals 4, then INJURY SEVERITY must not
equal 2-4 for any person in the crash.

5A9P

If FINAL STRATUM equals 4, and INJURY SEVERITY equals 1,
then there should exist no vehicles where BODY TYPE equals
60-79, and UNIT TYPE equals 1.

5B0P

If JACKKNIFE equals 0 and BODY TYPE equals 66, then
VEHICLE TRAILING must not equal 1-4.

5B0Q

If JACKKNIFE equals 0, then VEHICLE TRAILING must equal
0, 5, 6 or 9.

975

ERROR CODE

976

ERROR TEST

5D0P

If SPECIAL USE equals 04, then BODY TYPE must equal
01-12, 15-17, 19-22, 28-33, 39-41, 45, 48-50, 55, 58, 59, 60-64,
66, 67, 71, 72, 78, 79, 90, 99.

5F0F

If NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS equals 00-95, and BODY TYPE
does not equal 50-52, 55, 58, 59, then the number of Person
Level forms for that vehicle must be equal to the NUMBER OF
OCCUPANTS.

5I0P

If NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS equals 0, then COMPLIANCE
WITH LICENSE RESTRICTIONS must not equal 1-3, 9.

5I1P

If NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS for this person equals 9, then
COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE LICENSE STATUS should
equal 99.

5J0P

If the sum of all counters less than 98 is greater than fifteen,
then DATE OF LAST CRASH, SUSPENSION, CONVICTION
must not equal DATE OF FIRST CRASH, SUSPENSION,
CONVICTION.

5K0P

The Year of DATE OF FIRST CRASH, SUSPENSION,
CONVICTION must be within five years of the Year of CRASH
DATE.

5L0F

If RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER LEVEL equals 20, then
DRIVER PRESENCE must not equal 1, 9.

5L1F

If RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER LEVEL equals 04, 08, 12, 13,
15, 16, 19, 52, 53, 58, 59, 73, 74, 77-88, then DRIVER
PRESENCE must not equal 0 or 9.

5M0F

If PERSON TYPE equals 01, then all RELATED FACTORSPERSON LEVEL (MV Occupant) must equal 00.

5M0G

If SPECIAL USE equals 06, and PERSON TYPE equals 02 or
09, then RELATED FACTORS – PERSON (MV OCCUPANT)
LEVEL should equal 86 or 92.

5N0F

If PERSON TYPE equals 02, then RELATED FACTORSPERSON LEVEL must not equal 21, 26, 28, 29, 33, 37, 40-42,
44, 45, 47, 51-53, 57-70, 72-78, 80-83, 91.

5Q0F

If PERSON TYPE equals 02, and BODY TYPE equals 50-52,
55, 58, 59, then SEATING POSITION must not equal 11, 21-50,
98, 99.
2015

ERROR CODE

2015

ERROR TEST

5S0P

If BODY TYPE equals 80-83, 88, 89 or 90, then EXTRICATION
must equal 0.

5T7P

If ALCOHOL TEST STATUS equals 0, 1, then ALCOHOL TEST
TYPE must equal 00, and ALCOHOL TEST RESULT must
equal 996.

5T8P

If ALCOHOL TEST STATUS equals 9, then ALCOHOL TEST
TYPE and ALCOHOL TEST RESULT must equal 999.

5T9P

If ALCOHOL TEST STATUS equals 2, then ALCOHOL TEST
TYPE must equal 01-10, 95, 98, and ALCOHOL TEST RESULT
must equal 000-940, 997, 998.

5TCP

If ALCOHOL TEST STATUS equals 8, then ALCOHOL TEST
TYPE must equal 95 and ALCOHOL TEST RESULT must equal
995.

5W0P

If RELATED FACTORS-PERSON LEVEL equals 18, then SEX
must equal 2, and AGE must be greater than 012.

5Y0F

If FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 08, 09, 15, then NUMBER
OF FORMS SUBMITTED FOR PERSONS NOT IN MOTOR
VEHICLES must not equal 00.

5Z0F

If SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals 08, then at least one person
must have PERSON TYPE equal to 05, 10.

610P

If TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE equals 00, then DEVICE
FUNCTIONING must equal 0.

640F

If TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE equals 23 for any vehicle, then
RELATED FACTORS-CRASH LEVEL should equal 21.

641F

If RELATED FACTORS-CRASH LEVEL equals 21, then
TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE should not equal 00 for every
vehicle.

642F

If TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE equals 00 for every vehicle,
then RELATED FACTORS-CRASH LEVEL should not equal 21.

650P

If TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE equals 65 for any vehicle, then
RAIL GRADE CROSSING IDENTIFIER must not equal
0000000.

977

ERROR CODE

978

ERROR TEST

660P

If TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE is not equal to 00, then DEVICE
FUNCTIONING must not equal 0.

660Q

If TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE does not equal 97, then it is
unlikely that DEVICE FUNCTIONING equals 8.

661P

If TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE equals 97, the DEVICE
FUNCTIONING must equal 8.

670F

If FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 12, 14, 45, 54, 55, then
NUMBER OF VEHICLE FORMS SUBMITTED must be greater
than 001.

671F

If the only harmful event in SEQUENCE OF EVENTS for this
vehicle equals 02 or 04, then CRITICAL EVENT – PRECRASH
(EVENT) must equal 98.

6A1P

If UNDERRIDE/OVERRIDE equals 1-8, then BODY TYPE must
not equal 80-83, 88-91.

6D0P

If SPECIAL USE equals 05, then BODY TYPE must equal
01-12, 14-17, 19-22, 28-33, 39-41, 45, 48, 49, 55, 58-64,
66, 67, 71, 72, 78-82, 88-91, 94, 95, 97-99.

6G0P

If RELATED FACTORS-VEHICLE LEVEL equals 32, then
REGISTRATION STATE must not equal 00, 92.

6G0Q

If any RELATED FACTORS - VEHICLE LEVEL equals 30, then
BODY TYPE must equal 80 for this vehicle.

6H0P

If DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9, then DRIVER’S ZIP CODE
must be blank.

6H1P

If DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9, then CONDITION
(IMPAIRMENT) AT TIME OF CRASH (D23) must be blank.

6I0P

If NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS equals 9, and COMMERCIAL
MOTOR VEHICLE LICENSE STATUS equals 00, then COMPLIANCE WITH LICENSE RESTRICTIONS must not equal 1-3.

6K0P

If VIOLATION CHARGED equals 71, then RELATED
FACTORS-DRIVER LEVEL must not equal 19.

2015

ERROR CODE

2015

ERROR TEST

6L0P

If COMPLIANCE WITH LICENSE RESTRICTIONS equals 1,
and RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER LEVEL equals 19, then
LICENSE COMPLIANCE WITH CLASS OF VEHICLE must
equal 3.

6Q0F

If PERSON TYPE equals 02, 03, 09, and BODY TYPE equals
60-67, 71, 72, 78, 79, then SEATING POSITION must not equal
31-49.

6S0P

If EJECTION equals 1, then EXTRICATION must not equal 1, 9.

6V0P

DEATH DATE must not be less than CRASH DATE.

6Z0F

If SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals 09, then at least one person
must have PERSON TYPE equal to 06, 07.

730P

If RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals 07, then RELATION TO
TRAFFICWAY must not equal 04-07, 10, 11, 99.

740P

If RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals 07, then TRAFFICWAY
DESCRIPTION must equal 2, 3 for at least one vehicle.

750P

If RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals 07, then RAIL GRADE
CROSSING IDENTIFIER must equal 0000000.

770P

If RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals 07, then RELATION TO
JUNCTION must equal 01, 03, 08, 19, 98, 99.

772P

If RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals 07, then RELATION TO
JUNCTION (a) must not equal 1.

773P

If RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals 01, then RELATION TO
JUNCTION (a) must equal 0.

773Q

If RELATION TO JUNCTION(b) equals 04, 06, 07, or 16, then
RELATION TO JUNCTION (a) should not equal 1.

775P

If RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals 17 or 18 or 19, then
RELATION TO JUNCTION (a) must equal 1.

776P

If RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals 01, 04-08, 16-19, then
TYPE OF INTERSECTION must equal 1.

778P

If RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals 01, 04-08, 16-20, then
TYPE OF INTERSECTION must equal 01.
979

ERROR CODE

980

ERROR TEST

77AP

If CRASH TYPE equals 14, then RELATION TO JUNCTION (b)
must not equal 02.

77BP

If CRASH TYPE equals 68-91, then RELATION TO JUNCTION
(b) should not equal 01.

77CP

If CRASH TYPE equals 14, then RELATION TO JUNCTION (b)
should equal 01, 03, 19.

77DP

If RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals 07, and RELATION TO
JUNCTION (a) equals 1, then RELATION TO JUNCTION (b)
should not equal 03, 08.

780P

If RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals 10, then RELATION TO
JUNCTION (b) must not equal 02, 04, 08.

781P

If TYPE OF INTERSECTION equals 02-07, 10, then
TRAFFICWAY IDENTIFIER (b) should not be blank.

782P

If TYPE OF INTERSECTION equals 02-07, 10, then
RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) must equal 02, 03.

783P

If RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals 98, 99, then TYPE OF
INTERSECTION should equal 01, 98, 99.

784P

If TYPE OF INTERSECTION equals 01, then RELATION TO
JUNCTION (b) must not equal 02, 03.

7B0F

If JACKKNIFE equals 2, 3, then DRIVER PRESENCE must
equal 1.

7D0P

If SPECIAL USE equals 06, then BODY TYPE must equal 11,
14-17, 19, 21, 22, 28, 29, 40, 41, 45, 48, 49, 61, 62, 64, 79, 97,
99.

7E0P

If INJURY SEVERITY equals 4, then DEATH CERTIFICATE
NUMBER must NOT equal 0000-00-000000.

7E1P

If INJURY SEVERITY equals 4, then RACE must not equal 00.

7E2P

If INJURY SEVERITY equals 4, then HISPANIC ORIGIN must
not equal 00.

7E3P

If INJURY SEVERITY does not equal 4, then RACE AND
HISPANIC ORIGIN must equal 00.

2015

ERROR CODE

2015

ERROR TEST

7F0P

If DEATH CERTIFICATE NUMBER is not blank or 0000-00000000, then INJURY SEVERITY must equal 4.

7F1P

If RACE equals 00, then INJURY SEVERITY must not equal 4.

7F2P

If HISPANIC ORIGIN equals 00, then INJURY SEVERITY must
not equal 4.

7F3P

If RACE is not equal to 00, and HISPANIC ORIGIN is not equal
to 00, then INJURY SEVERITY must equal 4.

7I0P

If COMPLIANCE WITH LICENSE RESTRICTIONS equals 1,
and RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER LEVEL equals 19, then
NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS must equal 6.

7K0P

If any VIOLATIONS CHARGED equals 71, then NON-CDL
LICENSE STATUS must equal 0, 1, 2, or COMMERCIAL
MOTOR VEHICLE LICENSE STATUS must equal 01, 02, 05.

7K1P

VIOLATIONS CHARGED code 99 must not be used more than
once per driver.

7L0P

Any RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER LEVEL can be used only
once per driver form.

7M0F

If PERSON TYPE equals 03, then RELATED FACTORSPERSON LEVEL (MV Occupant) must not equal 21, 26, 28, 29,
33, 37, 40-42, 44, 45, 47, 51-53, 57-70, 72-78, 80-83, 91.

7M1F

If PERSON TYPE equals 03, and SEATING POSITION is not
equal to 11 or 13, and INJURY SEVERITY does not equal 4,
then DRUG TEST STATUS must not equal 8, any DRUG TEST
TYPE must not equal 6, and any DRUG TEST RESULTS
must not equal 095.

7P0F

If PERSON TYPE equals 01, then AGE must not be less than
002.

7Q0F

If PERSON TYPE equals 09, and BODY TYPE equals 50-52,
55, 58, 59, then SEATING POSITION must not equal 12-50,
52-54.

7R0P

If FATAL INJURY AT WORK equals 0, 1, 9, then INJURY
SEVERITY must equal 4.

981

ERROR CODE

982

ERROR TEST

7V0F

If DEATH YEAR equals 9999, then CRASH MONTH must not
be 01-11.

7W0P

If FATAL INJURY AT WORK equals 8, then INJURY SEVERITY
must not equal 4.

7Z0F

If any SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals 05, 06, then at least one
occupant of this vehicle (PERSON TYPES 01, 02, 09) must
have INJURY SEVERITY equal to 1-5, or blank.

840P

If any RELATED FACTORS-CRASH LEVEL equals 99, then all
RELATED FACTORS-CRASH LEVEL must equal 99.

850P

If the first RELATED FACTORS-CRASH LEVEL equals 00, then
all RELATED FACTORS-CRASH LEVEL must be 00.
If the second equals 00, then the third must also.

860P

If any RELATED FACTORS-CRASH LEVEL is blank, then all
RELATED FACTORS-CRASH LEVEL must be blanks.

870P

A RELATED FACTORS-CRASH LEVEL 01-07, 13-28 can be
used only once per crash.

880F

If RELATED FACTORS-CRASH LEVEL equals 16, then there
must be a Person Level (Not a MV Occupant) form with
PERSON TYPE equal to 04-08, 19.

890F

If RELATED FACTORS-CRASH LEVEL equals 15, then there
must be a Person Level (Not a MV Occupant) form with
PERSON TYPE equal to 04-08, 10, 19.

8D0P

If SPECIAL USE equals 08, then BODY TYPE must not equal
60-64, 66, 67, 71, 72, 78, 79, 99.

8I0P

If NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS equals 0-4, 9, then RELATED
FACTORS-DRIVER LEVEL must not equal 19.

8J0P

If NON-CDL LICENSE TYPE equals 0, then NON-CDL
LICENSE STATUS must equal 0.

8J1P

If NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS equals 0, then NON-CDL
LICENSE TYPE must equal 0.

8J2P

If RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER LEVEL equals 73, 74, then
COMPLIANCE WITH LICENSE RESTRICTIONS must equal 2.
2015

ERROR CODE

2015

ERROR TEST

8K0P

If VIOLATIONS CHARGED equals 07, 08, then HIT-AND-RUN
must not equal 0.

8L0P

If LICENSE COMPLIANCE WITH CLASS OF VEHICLE equals
0-2, 9, then RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER LEVEL must not
equal 19.

8L8Q

If AREAS OF IMPACT (THIS VEHICLE) equals 18 or 19 in the
CRASH EVENTS, then the corresponding event in that row
must not equal 12 or 55.

8L8R

If the CRASH EVENTS event equals 54, then AREAS OF
IMPACT (THIS VEHICLE) must equal 18 or 19 in that row.

8L8S

If AREAS OF IMPACT (THIS VEHICLE) equals 18 or 19 in the
CRASH EVENTS and the corresponding event in that row
equals 14, 45 or 54, then RELATED FACTORS-CRASH LEVEL
must equal 14.

8L8T

If RELATED FACTORS-CRASH LEVEL equals 14, then there
must exist at least one event in the CRASH EVENTS where
AREAS OF IMPACT (THIS VEHICLE or OTHER VEHICLE)
equals 18 or 19 and the corresponding event in that row equals
14, 45 or 54.

8L8U

If AREAS OF IMPACT (THIS VEHICLE) equals 18 or 19 in the
CRASH EVENTS and the corresponding event in that row
equals 08, 09, 15, 49, then RELATED FACTORS-CRASH
LEVEL must equal 15.

8L8V

If RELATED FACTORS-CRASH LEVEL equals 15, then there
must exist at least one event in the CRASH EVENTS where
AREAS OF IMPACT (THIS VEHICLE) equals 18 or 19, and the
corresponding event in that row equals 08-10, 15, 18 or 49.

8L8X

If AREAS OF IMPACT (THIS VEHICLE) equals 18, then there
should be a previous event involving that vehicle where the
CRASH EVENTS event equals 60.

8L9P

If BODY TYPE does not equal 80-83, 88-91, and the CRASH
EVENTS event equals 54, and the corresponding AREAS OF
IMPACT (THIS VEHICLE) equals 19 in that row, then there
should be a previous event with CRASH EVENTS event equal
to 18 or 73 involving that vehicle.

983

ERROR CODE

984

ERROR TEST

8M0F

If PERSON TYPE equals 04, then RELATED FACTORSPERSON LEVEL (Not a MV Occupant) must not equal 13, 86,
90.

8P0P

If PERSON TYPE equals 01, and AGE is less than 008, then
BODY TYPE must not equal 01-12, 14-17, 19-22, 28-33, 39-42,
45, 48-52, 55, 58-67, 71, 72, 78-83, 89, 92, 93.

8P1P

If PERSON TYPE equals 01, and AGE is less than 008, then
BODY TYPE should equal 88, 91.

8Q0F

If PERSON TYPE equals 08, then RELATED FACTORSPERSON LEVEL must not equal 09, 86, 90.

8T0F

If any NON-MOTORIST SAFETY EQUIPMENT equals 2, then
PERSON TYPE should equal 06-08.

8V0P

If DEATH YEAR equals 9999, then DEATH MONTH and
DEATH DAY must equal 99.

8Z0F

If any SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals 15, then at least one
Person Level (Not a MV Occupant) form must have a PERSON
TYPE code of 08.

900P

If VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (VIN) does not equal
0’s, 8’s or 9’s, and VEHICLE MODEL YEAR is a valid year and
greater than or equal to 1980 and VEHICLE MODEL YEAR
equals ______, then the 10th digit of the valid VEHICLE
IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (VIN) should equal _______
(contact Headquarters for VIN Assistance).

901P

If any VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (VIN) that does
not equal 0’s,8’s or 9’s, then VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION
NUMBER (VIN) must be unique within a crash.

920P

If any one of the fields MAKE, MODEL, BODY TYPE, and
MODEL YEAR, equals Not Reported [MAKE (97), MODEL
(997), BODY TYPE (98), and MODEL YEAR (9998)], then the
other three must also equal Not Reported.

921P

If MAKE is not 97, 98, 99, and equals ___, and MODEL equals
___, then MODEL YEAR must equal ___, or CRASH YEAR plus
1.

2015

ERROR CODE

2015

ERROR TEST

930P

If any one of the fields MAKE, MODEL, BODY TYPE, and
MODEL YEAR, does not equal Not Reported [MAKE (97),
MODEL (997), BODY TYPE (98), and MODEL YEAR (9998)],
THEN the other three must also not be coded as Not Reported.

960P

If MAKE is not 98, 99, and equals ___, and MODEL equals ___,
then BODY TYPE must equal ___.

981P

If BODY TYPE equals 80-83, 88, 89, 90, 91, then RESTRAINT
SYSTEM/HELMET USE must equal 05, 16, 17, 19, 29, 97, 98.

982P

If BODY TYPE does not equal 80-83, 88, 89, 90, 91, then
RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET USE must not equal 05, 16,
17, 19, 29.

990P

If any counter equals 99, then all counters and DATE OF LAST
CRASH, SUSPENSION, CONVICTION and DATE OF FIRST
CRASH, SUSPENSION, CONVICTION must equal 9999.

9A2P

If UNIT TYPE equals 2, 3, then REGISTERED VEHICLE
OWNER must equal 6.

9A3P

If UNIT TYPE equals 2-4, then DRIVER PRESENCE must
equal 0.

9A5P

If PERSON TYPE equals 03, then UNIT TYPE must equal 2-4.

9B3P

If UNDERRIDE/OVERRIDE equals 7, then there must be at
least one vehicle with UNIT TYPE equal to 1.

9B4P

If UNDERRIDE/OVVERIDE equals 8, then there must at least
one vehicle with UNIT TYPE equal 2-4.

9B5P

If UNIT TYPE equals 2, 3, then UNDERRIDE/OVERRIDE must
equal 0.

9B7P

If UNIT TYPE equals 2-4, then PERSON TYPE of all occupants
of this vehicle must equal 03.

9B9P

If any SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals 55, then there must be
at least one other vehicle with UNIT TYPE equal to 1.

985

ERROR CODE

986

ERROR TEST

9BAP

If MANNER OF COLLISION equals 07, and PRE-EVENT
MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL
EVENT) equals 10 or 11 for neither one of the vehicles involved
in the first harmful event, then CRASH TYPE should equal
44-49, 98, 99 for the vehicles involved in the first harmful event.

9BCP

If MANNER OF COLLISION equals 08, and PRE-EVENT
MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL
EVENT) equals 10 or 11 for neither one of the vehicles involved
in the first harmful event, then CRASH TYPE should equal
64-67, 98, 99 for the vehicles involved in the first harmful event.

9BDP

If MANNER OF COLLISION equals 01, then CRASH TYPE
should not equal 44-49 for the vehicles involved in the first
harmful event.

9C0P

If FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 55, then there must be at
least one vehicle with UNIT TYPE equal to 1.

9C1P

If UNIT TYPE equals 4, then RELATED FACTORS-VEHICLE
LEVEL must not equal 39.

9C4P

If UNIT TYPE equals 1, and DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0 or 9,
then DRIVER MANEUVERED TO AVOID must only equal 95.

9C5P

If DRIVER MANEUVERED TO AVOID equals 95, then DRIVER
PRESENCE must equal 0 or 9.

9J0P

If LICENSE COMPLIANCE WITH CLASS OF VEHICLE equals
0-1, then COMPLIANCE WITH LICENSE RESTRICTIONS must
not equal 1-3, 9.

9K0P

If HM2 equals 2, then REGISTRATION STATE must not equal
00.

9M0F

If PERSON TYPE equals 05, then RELATED FACTORSPERSON LEVEL (Not a MV Occupant) must not equal 13, 21,
26, 40, 42, 51, 52, 57, 68-70, 73-83, 88.

9P0F

If PERSON TYPE equals 04-08, 10, 19, then EXTRICATION
must not equal 1, 9.

9V0P

If DEATH MONTH equals 99, then DEATH DAY must equal 99.

2015

ERROR CODE

2015

ERROR TEST

A010

If STATE equals 02, and LIGHT CONDITION equals 4, then
CRASH TIME should equal 0300-1000, 9999.

A020

If STATE equals 02, and LIGHT CONDITION equals 5, then
CRASH TIME should equal 1500-2359, 9999.

A030

If CRASH MONTH equals 05-09, then ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS should not equal 03, 04, 11, 12.

A040

If CRASH MONTH equals 05-09, then ROADWAY SURFACE
CONDITIONS should not equal 03, 04, 10.

A041

If CRASH MONTH equals 05-09, then SEQUENCE OF
EVENTS, FIRST HARMFUL EVENT, MOST HARMFUL EVENT
should not equal 48.

A042

If CRASH EVENTS-SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals 17, 19-21,
23-26, 30-35, 38-43, 52, 53, 57 for a vehicle, then at least one
previous CRASH EVENTS-SEQUENCE OF EVENTS should
equal 63, 64, 71 or 79 for that vehicle.

A050

If CRASH TIME equals 0900-1600, then LIGHT CONDITION
should not equal 2-6.

A060

If CRASH TIME equals 2300-0400, then LIGHT CONDITION
should not equal 1, 4, 5, 9.

A070

If NOTIFICATION TIME EMS is not 8888, 9998 or 9999, then
NOTIFICATION TIME EMS should not be more than 120
minutes later than CRASH TIME.

A080

If DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, and FIRST HARMFUL EVENT
equals 12, and NUMBER OF VEHICLE FORMS SUBMITTED
equals 002, then one RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER LEVEL
should equal 20.

A090

If NUMBER OF VEHICLE FORMS SUBMITTED is greater than
001, then there should be at least one vehicle with TRAVEL
SPEED of 001-151, 997-999, or blanks.

A100

If FIRST HARMFUL EVENT is not equal to 02, 04, 05, 10, 16,
18, then there should be one vehicle with TRAVEL SPEED of
001-151, 997-999, or blanks.

A110

If FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 10, then LAND USE AND
FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM (b) should not equal 01-03.
987

ERROR CODE

988

ERROR TEST

A11A

If FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM (b) equals 01, then OWNERSHIP
must equal 01 or 31.

A12A

If either FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM (b) or OWNERSHIP equals
96, then both must equal 96.

A131

If RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals 02, 04, 06, 16, 17, or
20, then RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY must equal 01.

A13A

If LAND USE (a) equals 6, then FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM (b)
must equal 96.

A141

If RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals 18, then RELATION TO
TRAFFICWAY must equal 01 or 11.

A14A

If FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM (b) equals 96, then LAND USE a
must equal 6.

A150

If LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM (b) equals 01, 02,
and RELATION TO JUNCTION (a) equals 0, then RELATION
TO JUNCTION should not equal 02-04, 06, 08.

A15A

If FUNCTIOAL SYSTEM (b) equals 99, then LAND USE (a)
should equal 9, OWNERSHIP should equal 99, and
NATIONAL HIGHWAY SYSTEM should equal 9.

A160

If LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM (b) equals 01-06,
then ROADWAY SURFACE TYPE should equal 1, 2, 8 or 9 for
at least one vehicle.

A170

If ROADWAY SURFACE TYPE equals 3-5 for every vehicle,
then LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM (b) should not
equal 01-06.

A180

If LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM (b) equals 01, then
SPECIAL JURISDICTION should not equal 1-5, 8, 9.

A190

If LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM (b) equals 02, then
SPECIAL JURISDICTION should not equal 4.

A1A0

If ROADWAY SURFACE CONDITIONS equals 01 for a vehicle
involved in the first harmful event, then ATMOSPHERIC
CONDITIONS should not equal 02-04, 11, 12.

2015

ERROR CODE

2015

ERROR TEST

A1B0

If TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE equals 20, 21 for a vehicle
involved in the first harmful event, then RELATION TO
JUNCTION (b) should not equal 01, 18.

A1C0

If ROADWAY SURFACE CONDITIONS equals 01, then
DRIVER'S VISION OBSCURED BY should not equal 08.

A1E0

If RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals 19, then RELATION TO
TRAFFICWAY must not equal 01, 05, 11, 98, 99.

A1E1

If RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals 20, then RELATION TO
TRAFFICWAY must equal 01.

A200

If RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals 07, then LAND USE
AND FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM (b) should not equal 06, 07 or
96.

A210

If LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM (b) equals 01, 02,
and RELATION TO JUNCTION (a) equals 0, then TRAFFIC
CONTROL DEVICE should not equal 01-04, 07, 20, 23, 40, 50,
65.

A220

If LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM (b) equals 01, 02,
and RELATION TO JUNCTION (a) equals 0, then SPEED LIMIT
should not equal 05-40 for any vehicle.

A230

If SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals 10, then LAND USE AND
FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM (b) should not equal 01-03.

A240

If LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM (b) equals 01, and
RELATION TO JUNCTION (a) equals 0, then TRAVEL SPEED
should not equal 005-040 for any vehicle.

A250

If LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM (b) equals 01-03,
and RELATION TO JUNCTION (a) equals 1, and RELATION
TO JUNCTION (b) does not equal 03, 05, 20, then TOTAL
LANES IN ROADWAY should not equal 1 for the vehicles
involved in the first harmful event.

A270

If any VIOLATIONS CHARGED equals 31-35, 37, then
TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE should equal 01-20, 98.

A280

If ROUTE SIGNING equals 1, then SPECIAL JURISDICTION
should not equal 1-5, 8, 9.

989

ERROR CODE

990

ERROR TEST

A290

If ROUTE SIGNING equals 1 and RELATION TO JUNCTION (a)
equals 0, then RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) should not equal
02-04, 06, 08, 16.

A291

If RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals 07, then ROUTE
SIGNING should not equal 5, 6.

A292

If any TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION, TOTAL LANES IN
ROADWAY, ROADWAY ALIGNMENT, ROADWAY GRADE,
ROADWAY SURFACE TYPE, or ROADWAY SURFACE
CONDITIONS equals 0, 00, then all must equal 0, 00, and
SPEED LIMIT must equal 00 for this vehicle.

A293

If WORK ZONE equals 1-3, and RELATION TO JUNCTION (b)
equals 02, 03, then TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE should equal
01-03, 20, 40, 97 or 98 for the vehicle(s) involved in the first
harmful event.

A294

If WORK ZONE equals 1-3, and RELATION TO JUNCTION (b)
equals 01, 04, 05, 08, 17-19, then TRAFFIC CONTROL
DEVICE should equal 00, 21, 28, 40, 50, 97 or 98 for the
vehicle(s) involved in the first harmful event.

A300

If ROUTE SIGNING equals 1, then TRAFFICWAY
DESCRIPTION should equal 2, 3, 6 for at least one vehicle.

A310

If ROUTE SIGNING equals 1 and RELATION TO JUNCTION (a)
equals 0, then TOTAL LANES IN ROADWAY should not equal 1
for any vehicle.

A320

If ROUTE SIGNING equals 1 and RELATION TO JUNCTION (a)
equals 0, then SPEED LIMIT should not equal 05-40 for any
vehicle.

A330

If ROUTE SIGNING equals 1, 2, then ROADWAY SURFACE
TYPE should equal 1, 2, 8 for at least one vehicle.

A350

If ROUTE SIGNING equals 1, then FIRST HARMFUL EVENT
should not equal 10.

A360

If RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals 07, then ROUTE
SIGNING should not equal 4.

A370

If FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 99, then MANNER OF
COLLISION should not equal 00, 01-11.

2015

ERROR CODE

2015

ERROR TEST

A380

If FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 01 and this vehicle is
involved in the first harmful event and BODY TYPE does not
equal 80-89 for this vehicle, and RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY
equals _____, then LOCATION OF ROLLOVER should equal
_____ respectively.

A390

If FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 17, 19-21, 23-26, 30-35,
38-43, 52, 53, 57, then RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY should
not equal 01, 02, 07, 11.

A3C0

If FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 02-07, 16, 44, 51, 72, then
CRASH TYPE must equal 00 for the vehicle involved in the first
harmful event.

A3D0

If FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 01-07, 16, 44, 51, 72, then
CRASH TYPE must not equal 20-91.

A3E0

If CRASH TYPE equals 13, then FIRST HARMFUL EVENT
must equal 08, 09, 11, 15 or 49.

A3G0

If INTERSTATE HIGHWAY equals 1, RELATION TO
JUNCTION (a) equals 1, and RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) is
not equal to 03 or 05 or 20, then TOTAL LANES IN ROADWAY
should not equal 1 for at least one vehicle involved in the first
harmful event.

A3H0

If INTERSTATE HIGHWAY equals 1, RELATION TO
JUNCTION (a) equals 1, and RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) is
not equal to 03 or 05 or 20, then TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION
should not equal 4 for at least one vehicle involved in the first
harmful event.

A3I0

If INTERSTATE HIGHWAY equals 1, then RELATION TO
JUNCTION (b) should not equal 02, 04, 06, 08 or 16.

A3J0

If INTERSTATE HIGHWAY equals 1, RELATION TO
JUNCTION (a) equals 1, and RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) is
not equal to 03 or 05 or 20, then SPEED LIMIT should not equal
01-40 for at least one vehicle involved in the first harmful event.

A3K0

If FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 10, then INTERSTATE
HIGHWAY should not equal 1.

A41A

If FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 02, 04, 07, 16, 44 or 54,
then CRITICAL EVENT - PRECRASH (EVENT) should equal
98 for the vehicles involved in the FIRST HARMFUL EVENT.
991

ERROR CODE

992

ERROR TEST

A420

If FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 10, then RELATION TO
JUNCTION (b) should equal 06.

A421

If FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 24, 25, 30, 33, 34, 35, 40,
46, 52, 57, 59, then RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY should equal
03, 04, 08 or 10.

A430

If PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF
CRITICAL EVENT) equals 10-11 for a vehicle involved in the
first harmful event, then RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) should
not equal 01, 18.

A440

If RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals 06, then TRAFFIC
CONTROL DEVICE should equal 65 for any vehicle involved in
the first harmful event.

A470

If WORK ZONE equals 0, and TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION
equals 1-3, 5, then TOTAL LANES IN ROADWAY should not
equal 1.

A480

If CRASH TYPE equals 00, then FIRST HARMFUL EVENT
must equal 02-07, 16, 44, 51, 72.

A481

If TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION equals 6, and RELATION TO
JUNCTION (b) does not equal 02, 03, then TOTAL LANES IN
ROADWAY should equal 1, 2, 8, 9.

A482

If TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION equals 4 or 6, then TOTAL
LANES IN ROADWAY should not equal 5-7.

A490

If TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION equals 2, 3, 5, then
ROADWAY SURFACE TYPE should not equal 4, 5, 7.

A491

If TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION equals 2 or 3, then TOTAL
LANES IN ROADWAY should not equal 7.

A492

If TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION equals 2, 3, 5, 6, then SPEED
LIMIT must not equal 00.

A493

If TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION equals 2, 3, 5, then SPEED
LIMIT should be greater than 15.

A494

If TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION equals 6, then ROADWAY
GRADE should not equal 3, 4.

2015

ERROR CODE

2015

ERROR TEST

A495

If TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION equals 0, then the first event in
SEQUENCE OF EVENTS for this vehicle should not equal 63,
64, 69 or 71.

A4A0

If CRASH TYPE equals 01-16, then FIRST HARMFUL EVENT
must not equal 12.

A4B0

If CRASH TYPE equals 01-10 or 14, then RELATION TO
TRAFFICWAY must not equal 01, 02, 07 or 11. If the FHE occurs
on a different road than the road it departed, see 98 (Other Crash
Type).

A4B2

If CRASH TYPE equals 11, then RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY
must not equal 01, 03, 04, 05, 08, 10 or 11.

A4B3

If CRASH TYPE equals 12 or 13, then RELATION TO
TRAFFICWAY must not equal 03, 05, 08 or 10.

A4B4

If CRASH TYPE equals 12 or 13, then RELATION TO
TRAFFICWAY should not equal 04 unless the First Harmful Event
occurs in a bicycle lane.

A4BP

If FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 54 or 55, then CRASH
TYPE must equal 98 for the vehicles involved in the first harmful
event.

A4C0

If RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals 04, then at least one
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF
CRITICAL EVENT) for the vehicles involved in the first harmful
event should equal 10, 11, 13 or 98.

A4D0

If PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF
CRITICAL EVENT) equals 14, then ROADWAY ALIGNMENT
must equal 2-4.

A4D1

If PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF
CRITICAL EVENT) equals 01, then ROADWAY ALIGNMENT
should not equal 2-4.

A4DP

If CRASH TYPE equals 20-91, then FIRST HARMFUL EVENT
must equal 12.

A4EP

If CRASH TYPE equals 11, then FIRST HARMFUL EVENT must
equal 14.

A500

If TOTAL LANES IN ROADWAY equals 3-7, then ROADWAY
SURFACE TYPE should not equal 4, 5, 7.
993

ERROR CODE

994

ERROR TEST

A510

If any AMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS equals 02-04, 11, 12, then
ROADWAY SURFACE CONDITIONS should not equal 01,
07, 08, 99 for any vehicle.

A520

If SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals 10, then TRAFFIC
CONTROL DEVICE should not equal 01-09, 20-29, 40-50, 98.

A521

If any SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals 46, then SPEED LIMIT
should equal 05-55, 98 or 99 for this vehicle.

A540

If NOTIFICATION TIME EMS is not 8888, 9998, or 9999, and
ARRIVAL TIME EMS is not 8888, 9997, 9998, 9999, then
ARRIVAL TIME EMS should not be more than 120 minutes later
than NOTIFICATION TIME EMS.

A550

If ARRIVAL TIME EMS is not 8888, 9997, 9998, or 9999, and
EMS TIME AT HOSPITAL is not 8888, 9997, 9998, 9999, then
EMS TIME AT HOSPITAL should not be more than 60 minutes
later than ARRIVAL TIME EMS.

A551

If EMS TIME AT HOSPITAL equals 8888, 9997, 9998, then
TRANSPORTED TO FIRST MEDICAL FACILITY BY should not
equal 1, 3, 5 for any PERSON.

A560

If NOTIFICATION TIME EMS is not 8888, 9998, or 9999, and
EMS TIME AT HOSPITAL is not 8888, 9997, 9998, 9999, then
EMS TIME AT HOSPITAL should not be more than 180 minutes
later than NOTIFICATION TIME EMS.

A60F

If FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 14, then CRASH TYPE
should equal 01-11, 14, 15, 92, 98, 99 for the in-transport
vehicle involved in the first harmful event.

A610

If RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals 01, and RELATION TO
JUNCTION (b) equals 05, then TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION
should equal 6 for at least one vehicle involved in the first
harmful event.

A611

If TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION equals 6 for at least one
vehicle involved in the first harmful event, then RELATION TO
JUNCTION (b) should equal 02, 03, 05, 17-20.

2015

ERROR CODE

2015

ERROR TEST

A61F

If FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 08, 09, 11, 15, 49, and
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals 01, 02, 07, 11, and PREEVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF
CRITICAL EVENT) is not equal to 00, 13 for the vehicle involved
in the first harmful event, then CRASH TYPE should equal 13
for the vehicle involved in the first harmful event.

A61G

If the FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 08, and PERSON TYPE
equals 05, and NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT THE TIME OF
CRASH equals 21, 22, 24, 25, 28, and the NUMBER OF
MOTOR VEHICLE STRIKING NON-MOTORIST is involved in
the first harmful event, then CRASH TYPE should not equal 13
for this vehicle.

A61H

If the FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 09, and PERSON TYPE
equals 06, 07, and NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT THE TIME
OF CRASH equals 21, 22, 24, 25, 28, and the NUMBER OF
MOTOR VEHICLE STRIKING NON-MOTORIST is involved in
the first harmful event, then CRASH TYPE should not equal 13
for this vehicle.

A61J

If the FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 15, and PERSON TYPE
equals 08, and NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT THE TIME OF
CRASH equals 21, 22, 24, 25, 28, and the NUMBER OF
MOTOR VEHICLE STRIKING NON-MOTORIST is involved in
the first harmful event, then CRASH TYPE should not equal 13
for this vehicle.

A61K

If the FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 49, and PERSON TYPE
equals 04, and NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT THE TIME OF
CRASH equals 21, 22, 24, 25, 28, and the NUMBER OF
MOTOR VEHICLE STRIKING NON-MOTORIST is involved in
the first harmful event, then CRASH TYPE should not equal 13
for this vehicle.

A612

If PERSON TYPE equals 04, and NUMBER OF MOTOR
VEHICLE STRIKING NON-MOTORIST equals___, then at
least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS must equal 10 or 49 for
that vehicle number in the CRASH EVENTS table.

A613

If PERSON TYPE equals 05, and NUMBER OF MOTOR
VEHICLE STRIKING NON-MOTORIST equals___, then at
least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS must equal 08 for that
vehicle number in the CRASH EVENTS table.

995

ERROR CODE

996

ERROR TEST

A614

If PERSON TYPE equals 06, and NUMBER OF MOTOR
VEHICLE STRIKING NON-MOTORIST equals___, then at
least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS must equal 09 for that
vehicle number in the CRASH EVENTS table.

A615

If PERSON TYPE equals 07, and NUMBER OF MOTOR
VEHICLE STRIKING NON-MOTORIST equals___, then at
least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS must equal 09 for that
vehicle number in the CRASH EVENTS table.

A616

If PERSON TYPE equals 08, and NUMBER OF MOTOR
VEHICLE STRIKING NON-MOTORIST equals___, then at
least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS must equal 15 for that
vehicle number in the CRASH EVENTS table.

A617

If PERSON TYPE equals 10, and NUMBER OF MOTOR
VEHICLE STRIKING NON-MOTORIST equals___, then at
least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS must equal 08 for that
vehicle number in the CRASH EVENTS table.

A618

If PERSON TYPE equals 19, and NUMBER OF MOTOR
VEHICLE STRIKING NON-MOTORIST equals___, then at
least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS must equal 99 for that
vehicle number in the CRASH EVENTS table.

A619

If the total count of PERSON TYPES is equal to 05 for the
vehicle in NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE STRIKING NONMOTORIST is ____, then the number of events equal to 08 in
the CRASH EVENTS table should equal ____ for that
vehicle.

A61A

If the total count of PERSON TYPES is equal to 08 for the
vehicle in NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE STRIKING NONMOTORIST is ____, then the number of events equal to 15 in
the CRASH EVENTS table should equal ____ for that
vehicle.

A61B

If the total count of PERSON TYPES is equal to 10 for the
vehicle in NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE STRIKING NONMOTORIST is ____, then the number of events equal to 08 in
the CRASH EVENTS table should equal ____ for that
vehicle.

A620

If CRASH TYPE equals 06-10, and TRAFFICWAY
DESCRIPTION equals 3, then RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY
should equal 03.
2015

ERROR CODE

2015

ERROR TEST

A62F

If FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 18, 43, or 73, and
RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals 01 or 11, then CRASH
TYPE should equal 12 or 15 for the vehicle involved in the first
harmful event.

A63F

If FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 01, then CRASH TYPE
should equal 01-10, 98, 99 for the vehicle involved in the first
harmful event.

A65F

If FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 14, and RELATED
FACTORS - PERSON (MV OCCUPANT) LEVEL equals 32 or
89 for an occupant of the parked vehicle involved in the
FIRST HARMFUL EVENT, then CRASH TYPE should equal
15, 92 or 98 for the in-transport vehicle involved in the First
Harmful Event.

A66F

If FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 14 and CRASH TYPE equals
01-10 or 14, then RELATED FACTORS - PERSON (MV
OCCUPANT) LEVEL must not equal 32 or 89 for any occupant of
the parked vehicle involved in the FIRST HARMFUL EVENT.

A67F

If FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 14 and CRASH TYPE equals
15, then RELATED FACTORS - PERSON (MV OCCUPANT) LEVEL
should equal 32 or 89 for an occupant of the parked vehicle.

A700

If SPEED LIMIT is greater than 65 for every vehicle, then
ROUTE SIGNING should equal 1-4.

A720

If LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM (b) equals 01, 02,
then TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION should equal 2, 3, 6 for at
least one vehicle.

A770

If FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 46, then TRAFFIC
CONTROL DEVICE should equal 01-04 for the vehicle involved
in the first harmful event.

A780

If FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 46, then TRAFFIC
CONTROL DEVICE should not equal 00 for the vehicle involved
in the first harmful event.

A790

If FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 46, then RELATION TO
JUNCTION (b) should not equal 01, 07.

A800

If FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 46, then RELATION TO
TRAFFICWAY should not equal 01, 02, 05, 07, 11.

997

ERROR CODE

998

ERROR TEST

A801

If FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 12, then RELATION TO
TRAFFICWAY must not equal 5.

A810

If FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 46, and RELATION TO
JUNCTION (a) equals 1, and RELATION TO JUNCTION (b)
does not equal 02, 03, 05, then LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL
SYSTEM (b) should not equal 01.

A820

If FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 46, and RELATION TO
JUNCTION (a) equals 1 and RELATION TO JUNCTION (b)
does not equal 02, 03, 05, then ROUTE SIGNING should not
equal 1.

A830

If FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 46, then SPEED LIMIT
should be less than 55 for the vehicle involved in the first
harmful event.

A840

If ROUTE SIGNING equals 7, then LAND USE AND
FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM (b) should equal 01-03.

A850

If LAND USE AND FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM (b) equals 02, and
ROUTE SIGNING equals 2, then NATIONAL HIGHWAY
SYSTEM should equal 1.

A860

If NATIONAL HIGHWAY SYSTEM equals 1, then LAND USE
AND FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM (b) should equal 01-03.

A881

If RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals 11, then TRAFFICWAY
DESCRIPTION should equal 5 for at least one vehicle.

A882

If RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals 07, then ROUTE
SIGNING should not equal 1.

A883

If RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY equals 07, then LAND USE
AND FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM (b) should not equal 01.

A890

If RELATION TO JUNCTION equals 01, then TRAFFIC
CONTROL DEVICE should not equal 01-03 for any vehicle
involved in the first harmful event.

A900

If SPEED LIMIT equals 60, 65 for every vehicle, then LAND
USE AND FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM (b) should not equal 04-07
or 96.

A910

If LAND USE AND FUNCTION SYSTEM (b) equals 04-07 or
96, then NATIONAL HIGHWAY SYSTEM should equal 0, 9.
2015

ERROR CODE

2015

ERROR TEST

A920

If NATIONAL HIGHWAY SYSTEM equals 0, 9, then LAND USE
AND FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM (b) should not equal 02, and
ROUTE SIGNING should not equal 2.

A930

If INTERSTATE HIGHWAY equals 1 and RELATION TO
JUNCTION (a) equals 1, and RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) is
not equal to 03 or 05 or 20, then TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE
should not equal 01-03, 20, 23 or 65 for at least one vehicle
involved in the first harmful event.

A940

If STATE NUMBER equals 02, 11, 52,, then maximum SPEED
LIMIT (not including 98 or 99) should equal 55.

A945

If STATE NUMBER equals 15, then maximum SPEED LIMIT
(not including 98 or 99) should equal 60.

A950

If STATE NUMBER equals 09, 10, 25, 34, 36, 41, 43, 44, 50,
55,then maximum SPEED LIMIT (not including 98 or 99) should
equal 65.

A955

If STATE NUMBER equals 01, 05, 06, 12, 13, 17, 18, 19, 21, 24,
26, 27, 28, 29, 33, 37, 39, 42, 45, 47, 51, 53, 54,then maximum
SPEED LIMIT (not including 98 or 99) should equal 70.

A960

If STATE NUMBER equals 04, 08, 16, 20, 22, 23, 31, 35, 38, 40,
48, 49, 56,then maximum SPEED LIMIT (not including 98 or 99)
should equal 75.

A961

If STATE NUMBER equals 30, 32, 46, then maximum SPEED
LIMIT (not including 98 or 99) should equal 80.

A965

If PSU equals 06, 13, 16, 17, 24, 27, 28, 29, 45, 50, 52, then
maximum SPEED LIMIT (not including 98 or 99) should equal
65.

A970

If PSU equals 03, 07, 09, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15, 18, 19, 21, 22, 23,
25, 30, 32, 33, 35, 36, 37, 38, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 46, 48, 51, 53,
54, 55, 56, 57, 59, 60, then maximum SPEED LIMIT (not
including 98 or 99) should equal 70.

A975

If PSU equals 01, 02, 04, 05, 20, 26, 31, 34, 39, 47, 49, 58, then
maximum SPEED LIMIT (not including 98 or 99) should equal
75.

AB1P

If VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals 01, then CARGO BODY
TYPE must NOT equal 22.
999

ERROR CODE

1000

ERROR TEST

AC0A

If RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals 02, 03, then the second
TRAFFICWAY IDENTIFIER should not be all blank.

AC1A

If FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 54, then MANNER OF
COLLISION should equal 11.

AD0P

If VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals 04, 06-08, then VEHICLE
TRAILING must not equal 0.

AE0P

If VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals 05 and CARGO BODY
TYPE does not equal 12, then VEHICLE TRAILING must equal
0.

AE1P

If VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals 05-08, then BODY TYPE
must equal 66.

AF1P

If VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals 20, then CARGO BODY
TYPE must equal 22.

AF2P

If VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals 20, 21, then BODY TYPE
must equal 20, 21, 50-52, 55, 58, 59.

AH0P

If VEHICLE CONFIGURATION does not equal 00, 99, then
BODY TYPE should equal 15, 16, 21, 28, 31, 40, 41, 45, 48-52,
55, 58-64, 66, 67, 71, 72, 78, 92, 93, or HM2 must equal 2.

AH1P

If BUS USE equals 08, then BODY TYPE must equal 21, 22,
28, 29, 50-59.

AH2P

If BUS USE equals 06, then BODY TYPE should equal 21 or 52
or 55.

AK00

If CARGO BODY TYPE equals 22, 96, then JACKKNIFE should
equal 0.

AL0P

If CARGO BODY TYPE equals 22, then BODY TYPE must
equal 21, 50-52, 55, 58, 59.

AL1P

If SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals 51, 62, 70, then VEHICLE
TRAILING must not equal 0.

AL2P

If SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals 45, then WORK ZONE
should equal 1-4.

AL3P

If UNIT TYPE equals 2-4, then MOST HARMFUL EVENT must
not equal 54 for this vehicle.
2015

ERROR CODE

2015

ERROR TEST

AL4P

If there is one and only one parked vehicle (UNIT TYPE equals
2 or 3) in the crash, then MOST HARMFUL EVENT for the
parked vehicle must not equal 14.

AL5P

If UNIT TYPE equals 1, then at least one event in the
SEQUENCE OF EVENTS must equal the MOST HARMFUL
EVENT.

AL6P

If MOST HARMFUL EVENT equals __, and UNIT TYPE equals
1, then at least one event in the SEQUENCE OF EVENTS must
equal ___.

AL7P

If UNIT TYPE equals 2-4, then MOST HARMFUL EVENT
should not equal 04-07, 16, 51, 72.

AL8P

If SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals 51, 70, then JACKKNIFE
must equal 2, 3.

AM0P

If CARGO BODY TYPE does not equal 00, 99, then BODY
TYPE should equal 15, 16, 21, 28, 31, 40, 41, 45, 48-52, 55,
58-64, 66, 67, 71, 72, 78, 92, 93, or HM2 must equal 2.

AM1P

If FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 54 or 73, or SEQUENCE OF
EVENTS equals 54, 73 for any vehicle, then one RELATED
FACTORS-CRASH LEVEL must equal 14.

AM2P

If any SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals 25 or 57, then
TRAFFICWAY DESCRIPTION should equal 3, 6.

AQ0P

If REGISTRATION STATE equals 00, 92, then REGISTERED
VEHICLE OWNER must equal 0, 5, 6.

AR0P

If SPECIAL USE equals 04, then REGISTERED VEHICLE
OWNER must not equal 0, 1-2, 4.

AS0P

If RELATED FACTORS-VEHICLE LEVEL equals 32, then
REGISTERED VEHICLE OWNER must not equal 0.

AT00

An ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS 01-08, 10-12, 98, 99 can be
used only once per crash.

AT10

If first ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS equals 99, then second
ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS must equal 00.

1001

ERROR CODE

1002

ERROR TEST

AT20

If first ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS equals 01-08, 10-12, 99,
then second ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS must not equal 99.

AT30

First ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS must not equal 00.

AT40

If the first ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS equals 01, then the
second ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS must equal 00 or 10.

AV0P

If REGISTERED VEHICLE OWNER equals 3, 4, then
REGISTRATION STATE must not equal 99.

AZ1P

If UNIT TYPE equals 1, and FIRE OCCURRENCE equals 1,
then at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS must equal 02.

AZ20

If UNIT TYPE equals 1, and DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0 or 9,
then PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF
CRITICAL EVENT) must equal 00.

AZ2P

If FIRST HARMFUL EVENT does not equal 02-07, 16, 44, 51,
72, and CRITICAL EVENT-PRECRASH (EVENT) equals 14,
and ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE MANEUVER equals 01, then
CRASH TYPE must equal 14 for the vehicle involved in the first
harmful event.

AZ30

If PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF
CRITICAL EVENT) equals 00, then ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE
MANEUVER must equal 00.

AZ50

If PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF
CRITICAL EVENT) equals 00, then PRE-IMPACT STABILITY
must equal 0.

AZ5P

If CRITICAL EVENT-PRECRASH (EVENT) equals 70-73 for a
vehicle involved in the first harmful event, then RELATION TO
JUNCTION (b) should equal 04 or 08.

AZ60

If PRE-IMPACT STABILITY equals 0, then PRE-EVENT
MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL
EVENT) must equal 00.

AZ6P

If any DRIVER MANEUVERED TO AVOID equals 00, then
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF
CRITICAL EVENT) must not equal 17.

2015

ERROR CODE

2015

ERROR TEST

AZ70

If PRE-IMPACT LOCATION equals 0, then PRE-EVENT
MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL
EVENT) must equal 00.

AZ7P

If any DRIVER MANEUVERED TO AVOID equals 00 or 95 or
98 or 99, then only that one code and no other must be coded
for this vehicle.

AZ80

If PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF
CRITICAL EVENT) equals 00, then PRE-IMPACT LOCATION
must equal 0.

AZA0

If PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF
CRITICAL EVENT) equals 05 or 07, then TRAVEL SPEED
should equal 000 for this vehicle.

AZBP

If any DRIVER MANEUVERED TO AVOID equals 03, then
CRITICAL EVENT – PRECRASH (EVENT) should equal
87-89.

AZCP

If any DRIVER MANEUVERED TO AVOID equals 05, then
CRITICAL EVENT – PRECRASH (EVENT) should equal
80-85.

AZDQ

If DRIVER MANEUVERED TO AVOID equals 04, then
NUMBER OF VEHICLE FORMS SUBMITTED must be greater
than 001.

AZEP

If any DRIVER MANEUVERED TO AVOID equals 01, then
CRITICAL EVENT – PRECRASH (EVENT) should equal
90-92.

B10P

If PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF
CRITICAL EVENT) does not equal 17, and ATTEMPTED
AVOIDANCE MANUEVER equals 01, then DRIVER
MANEUVERED TO AVOID should equal 00.

B13P

If CRASH TYPE equals 20-49, and ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE
MANEUVER equals 00-01, then CRITICAL EVENT-PRECRASH
(EVENT) should not equal 12-14, 54, 66-68, 71-73 or 80-85.

1003

ERROR CODE

1004

ERROR TEST

B15P

If CRITICAL EVENT-PRECRASH (EVENT) equals 91, and
ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE MANEUVER equals 00, 01, and the
vehicle is involved in the first harmful event, then CRASH TYPE
should equal 15.

B16P

If CRITICAL EVENT-PRECRASH (EVENT) equals 90, and
ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE MANEUVER equals 01, and the
vehicle is involved in the first harmful event, then CRASH TYPE
should equal 12 or 15.

B17P

If CONDITION (IMPAIRMENT) AT TIME OF CRASH (D23)
equals 09 for this driver, then CRITICAL EVENT:
PRECRASH (EVENT) should not equal 08 for this driver’s
vehicle.

BA0P

If EJECTION equals 0, 7, 8 or 9, then EJECTION PATH must
equal 0.

BB0P

If EJECTION equals 1-3, then EJECTION PATH must equal 1-9.

BF0F

If PERSON TYPE equals 04-08, 10, 19, then EJECTION must
equal 8.

BI0P

If DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE equals 99, then COMPLIANCE
WITH CDL ENDORSEMENTS must not equal 1, 2.

BJ0P

If DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9, then COMPLIANCE
WITH CDL ENDORSEMENTS must be blank.

BJ1P

If UNIT TYPE equals 1, and DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0 or 9,
then DRIVER DISTRACTED BY must equal 16.

BJ2P

If UNIT TYPE equals 1, and DRIVER PRESENCE equals 1,
then DRIVER DISTRACTED BY must not equal 16 or blank.

BJ3P

If UNIT TYPE equals 1, and DRIVER DISTRACTED BY equals
16, then DRIVER PRESENCE must equal 0 or 9.

BJ4P

If any DRIVER DISTRACTED BY equals 03, then NUMBER OF
OCCUPANTS must be greater than 01.

BJ7P

If any DRIVER DISTRACTED BY equals 00 or 01 or 16 or 17 or
18 or 19 or 92 or 93 or 96 or 99, then only that one code and no
other must be used.

2015

ERROR CODE

2015

ERROR TEST

BK0P

If LICENSE COMPLIANCE WITH CLASS OF VEHICLE equals
1, then COMPLIANCE WITH CDL ENDORSEMENTS must not
equal 1-3, 9.

BL0P

If COMPLIANCE WITH CDL ENDORSEMENTS equals 1, and
any RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER LEVEL equals 19, then
LICENSE COMPLIANCE WITH CLASS OF VEHICLE must
equal 3.

BN0P

If DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, 9, then COMMERCIAL
MOTOR VEHICLE LICENSE STATUS must be blank.

BP0P

If MODEL YEAR is greater than 1999, and BODY TYPE does
not equal 50-52, 58-66, 71-79, 80-83, 88-93, 95, 97 and
SEATING POSITION equals 11, 13, 18, 19 then AIRBAG
DEPLOYED should not equal 00.

BQ0P

If METHOD OF DRUG DETERMINATION BY POLICE equals 8,
then POLICE-REPORTED DRUG INVOLVEMENT must equal
0, 1, 8, 9.

BR0P

If METHOD OF DRUG DETERMINATION BY POLICE equals
1-7, then POLICE-REPORTED DRUG INVOLVEMENT must
equal 0, 1, 8.

BT1P

If DRUG TEST STATUS equals 0, 1, then all DRUG TEST
TYPE must equal 0, and all DRUG TEST RESULT must equal
000.

BT2P

If DRUG TEST STATUS equals 8, then DRUG TEST TYPE 1
must equal 6, and all DRUG TEST RESULT 1 must equal 095
and remaining DRUG TEST TYPES and DRUG TEST
RESULTS must be 0 filled.

BT3P

If DRUG TEST STATUS equals 2, then at least one DRUG
TEST TYPE must equal 1-8, and one corresponding DRUG
TEST RESULT must equal 001, 095, 100-295, 300-395, 400495, 500-595, 600-695, 700-795, 800-895, 900-995, 996-998.

BT6P

If DRUG TEST STATUS equals 9, then all DRUG TEST TYPE
must equal 9, and DRUG TEST TYPE 1 must equal 9, and all
DRUG TEST RESULT 1 must equal 999 and remaining DRUG
TEST TYPES and DRUG TEST RESULTS must be 0 filled.

1005

ERROR CODE

1006

ERROR TEST

BT7P

If DRUG TEST STATUS equals 2, and DRUG TEST RESULT
one equals 001, 095, 100-295, 300-395, 400-495, 500-595, 600695, 700-795, 800-895, 900-995, 996, 997, 998, then DRUG
TEST RESULT two and three must not equal 999.

BT8P

More than one of the same DRUG TEST RESULT values must
not be coded for the same person except for 000, 996.

BT9P

If DRUG TEST RESULT 1 equals 000, 001, 997, 998, 095, or
999, then DRUG TEST RESULT 2 and DRUG TEST RESULT 3
must equal 000.

BY0P

DRIVER’S ZIP CODE must be a valid code, blanks, 00000 or
99999.

BZ10

If CRITICAL EVENT- PRECRASH (EVENT) equals 53, then
AREAS OF IMPACT-INITIAL CONTACT POINT should not
equal 12 for this vehicle.

BZ20

If CRITICAL EVENT-PRECRASH (EVENT) equals 51, 52, then
AREAS OF IMPACT-INITIAL CONTACT POINT should not
equal 06 for this vehicle.

BZ40

If CRITICAL EVENT - PRECRASH (EVENT) equals 01, then at
least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS must equal 61 for this
vehicle.

BZ50

If CRITICAL EVENT - PRECRASH (EVENT) equals 12, and
PRE-IMPACT LOCATION is not equal to 5, then at least one
SEQUENCE OF EVENTS must equal 64 for this vehicle.

BZ60

If CRITICAL EVENT - PRECRASH (EVENT) equals 13, and
PRE-IMPACT LOCATION is not equal to 5, then at least one
SEQUENCE OF EVENTS must equal 63 for this vehicle.

BZ70

If CRITICAL EVENT - PRECRASH (EVENT) equals 14, then at
least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS must equal 71 for this
vehicle.

BZ80

If MANNER OF COLLISION equals 00, then PRECRASH –
CRASH TYPE must equal 00, 01-16, 92, 98, 99 for the vehicle
in the first harmful event.

BZ90

If CRASH TYPE equals 01-05, and PRE-IMPACT LOCATION is
not equal to 0 or 5, then at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
prior to the first harmful event must equal 63.
2015

ERROR CODE

2015

ERROR TEST

BZ91

If CRASH TYPE equals 06-10, and PRE-IMPACT LOCATION is
not equal to 0 or 5, then at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
prior to the first harmful event must equal 64.

CB0P

If REGISTERED VEHICLE OWNER equals 6, then DRIVER
PRESENCE must equal 0.

CC0P

If COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE LICENSE STATUS equals
00, 99, then COMPLIANCE WITH CDL ENDORSEMENTS must
not equal 1.

CG0P

If LICENSE COMPLIANCE WITH CLASS OF VEHICLE equals
0, then COMPLIANCE WITH CDL ENDORSEMENTS must not
equal 1, 3.

CI0P

If VEHICLE TRAILING equals 1-4, then JACKKNIFE must not
equal 0.

CJ00

If PREVIOUS RECORDED CRASHES equals 98, then
DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE should equal 09, 13, 28, 30, 35,
49.

CK0P

If PERSON TYPE equals 07, then RELATED FACTORSPERSON LEVEL (Not a MV Occupant) must not equal 09, 13,
69, 70, 86-87, 90.

CL0P

If PERSON TYPE equals 09, then RELATED FACTORSPERSON LEVEL (MV Occupant) must not equal 21, 26, 28, 29,
33, 37, 40-42, 44, 45, 47, 51, 52, 56-70, 72-78, 80-83, 91.

CM0P

If PERSON TYPE equals 19, then RELATED FACTORSPERSON LEVEL (Not a MV Occupant) must not equal 13,
69, 70, 90.

CSI1

NUMBER OF VEHICLE FORMS must equal the actual number
of Vehicle Level forms for this case.

CSI2

There must be exactly one Driver Level form corresponding to
each Vehicle Level form.

CSI3

NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE OCCUPANT FORMS
SUBMITTED must equal the actual number of Person Level
(Motor Vehicle Occupant) forms for this case.

1007

ERROR CODE

1008

ERROR TEST

CSI4

NUMBER OF FORMS SUBMITTED FOR PERSONS NOT IN
MOTOR VEHICLES must equal the actual number of persons
not in motor vehicles in this case.

CSI5

If VEHICLE NUMBER at the Person Level is greater than 000,
then VEHICLE NUMBER at the Person Level must equal a
VEHICLE NUMBER at the Vehicle Level.

CSI6

For each VEHICLE NUMBER, PERSON NUMBERS must be
consecutive, beginning with 001 and with no gaps.

CSI7

PERSON NUMBERS for persons not in motor vehicles must be
consecutive, beginning with 001 and with no gaps.

D010

If DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE equals 96, 97, then PREVIOUS
RECORDED CRASHES should equal 99.

D020

If DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE equals 96, 97, then PREVIOUS
RECORDED SUSPENSIONS AND REVOCATIONS should
equal 99.

D030

If DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE equals 96, 97, then PREVIOUS
DWI CONVICTIONS should equal 99.

D040

If DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE equals 96, 97, then PREVIOUS
SPEEDING CONVICTIONS should equal 99.

D050

If DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE equals 96, 97, then PREVIOUS
OTHER MOVING VIOLATION CONVICTIONS should equal 99.

D060

If NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS equals 1-4, 6, or COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE LICENSE STATUS equals 1-8, and
PERSON TYPE equals 01, then AGE should not be less than
015.

D080

If VIOLATION CHARGED equals 01-06, 09, 31-69, 81-91, 98,
then RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER LEVEL should not all equal
00, 99.

D090

If VIOLATIONS CHARGED equals 11-19, and PERSON TYPE
equals 01, 03, then POLICE-REPORTED ALCOHOL
INVOLVEMENT should equal 1, or POLICE-REPORTED DRUG
INVOLVEMENT should equal 1.

2015

ERROR CODE

2015

ERROR TEST

D091

DRIVER LICENSE NUMBER must not equal the VEHICLE
LICENSE PLATE NUMBER for the vehicle driven.

D092

If any DRIVER LICENSE NUMBER that does not equal 0’s or
9’s, then DRIVER LICENSE NUMBER must be unique within
a crash.

D093

IF Any VEHICLE LICENSE PLATE NUMBER that does not
equal 0000000000 , 9999999999 or 9999999998, then
VEHICLE LICENSE PLATE NUMBER must be unique within
a crash.

D100

If NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS equals 9, then all driver history
counters PREVIOUS RECORDED CRASHES should equal 99.

D110

If NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS equals 9, then all driver history
counters PREVIOUS RECORDED SUSPENSIONS AND
REVOCATIONS should equal 99.

D120

If NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS equals 9, then all driver history
counters PREVIOUS DWI CONVICTIONS should equal 99.

D130

If NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS equals 9, then all driver history
counters PREVIOUS SPEEDING CONVICTIONS should equal
99.

D140

If NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS equals 9, then all driver history
counters PREVIOUS OTHER MOVING VIOLATION
CONVICTIONS should equal 99.

D150

If the sum of all counters less than 98 is greater than five but
less than fifteen, then DATE OF LAST CRASH, SUSPENSION,
CONVICTION should not equal DATE OF FIRST CRASH,
SUSPENSION, CONVICTION.

D160

If NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS does not equal 9, or COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE LICENSE STATUS does not equal 99,
then DRIVER’S ZIP CODE should not equal 99999.

D180

If DRIVER LICENSE STATE equals 95-97, then DRIVER ZIP
CODE should not equal 99999.

D260

If NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS equals 9, or COMMERCIAL
MOTOR VEHICLE LICENSE STATUS equals 99, then
COMPLIANCE WITH LICENSE RESTRICTIONS should not
equal 0.
1009

ERROR CODE

1010

ERROR TEST

D270

If BODY TYPE equals 50-52, 55, 63, 66, 72, or HM1 equals 2,
then COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE LICENSE STATUS
should not equal 00.

D280

If VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals 05-08, 21, or HM1 equals
2, then COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE LICENSE STATUS
should not equal 00.

D300

If HM2 equals 2, then COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE
LICENSE STATUS should not equal 00 or 99.

D310

If HM2 equals 2, then COMPLIANCE WITH CDL ENDORSEMENTS should equal 1-3.

D320

If DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE does not equal 93-99, then
DRIVER’S ZIP CODE should equal 9999 or be a valid zip code
for DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE.

D330

If DRIVER PRESENCE equals 0, and REGISTRATION STATE
is not equal to 00, 92, 99, then REGISTERED VEHICLE
OWNER should equal 3-6.

D340

If NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS equals 1-4, 6, 9, or
COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE LICENSE STATUS equals
01-08, 99, then LICENSE COMPLIANCE WITH CLASS OF
VEHICLE should not equal 0.

D350

If VIOLATIONS CHARGED equals 71, then NON-CDL LICENSE
STATUS should not equal 0, 3, 6, 9.

D380

If NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS equals 9, then LICENSE
COMPLIANCE WITH CLASS OF VEHICLE should equal 1, 9.

D390

If NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS equals 0, then LICENSE
COMPLIANCE WITH CLASS OF VEHICLE should not equal
2, 3, 8, 9.

D400

If NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS equals 0-4, then LICENSE
COMPLIANCE WITH CLASS OF VEHICLE should not equal
3, 8, 9.

D410

If LICENSE COMPLIANCE WITH CLASS OF VEHICLE equals
0, then COMPLIANCE WITH CDL ENDORSEMENTS should
not equal 1-3, 9.

2015

ERROR CODE

2015

ERROR TEST

D420

If COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE LICENSE STATUS equals
0, then COMPLIANCE WITH CDL ENDORSEMENTS should
not equal 1-3.

D430

If COMPLIANCE WITH CDL ENDORSEMENTS equals
1-3, then COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE LICENSE STATUS
should not equal 00.

D440

If COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE LICENSE STATUS equals
00, then BODY TYPE should not equal 50-52, 55, 63, 66, 72,
and HM2 should not equal 2.

D450

If COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE LICENSE STATUS equals
00, then VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should not equal 05-08,
21, and HM2 should not equal 2.

D460

If COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE LICENSE STATUS equals
9, then COMPLIANCE WITH CDL ENDORSEMENTS should
equal 0, 3, 9.

D470

If any RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER LEVEL equals 37, then at
least one RELATED FACTORS-CRASH LEVEL should equal
20.

D480

If DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE equals 09, 13, 28, 30, 35, 49,
then PREVIOUS RECORDED CRASHES should equal 98.

D500

If VIOLATIONS CHARGED equals 05, then at least one
RELATED FACTORS-CRASH LEVEL should equal 20.

D530

If any VIOLATIONS CHARGED equals 36 for a vehicle involved
in the first harmful event, then RELATION TO JUNCTION (b)
should equal 06.

D560

If VIOLATIONS CHARGED equals 66, then BODY TYPE should
equal 80-83, 88, 89.

D570

If any VIOLATIONS CHARGED equal 83, then not all occupants
of this vehicle should have RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET
USE equal 01-05, 08, 10-12, 16, 19.

D580

If VIOLATIONS CHARGED equals 85, then HM1 should equal
2.

D5A0

If VIOLATIONS CHARGED equals 21-25, 29, then SPEEDING
RELATED must equal 2-5.
1011

ERROR CODE

1012

ERROR TEST

D5B0

If any VIOLATIONS CHARGED equals 11-13, 18, 19, then at
least one CONDITION (IMPAIRMENT) AT TIME OF CRASH
(D23) should equal 09.

D5E0

If any VIOLATIONS CHARGED equals 00 or 97, then only that
one code and no other must be coded for this driver.

D600

If DRIVER HEIGHT/INCHES is greater than 11, then DRIVER
HEIGHT/INCHES should not be less than 48.

D610

If DRIVER HEIGHT/FEET is not blank, then DRIVER
HEIGHT/FEET should not be less than 3.

D620

If NON-CDL LICENSE TYPE equals 7, then AGE (for the driver)
should equal 014-016.

D630

If NON-CDL LICENSE TYPE equals 2, then AGE (for the driver)
should equal 015-017.

D640

If AGE equals 014-017, and PERSON TYPE equals 01, then
NON-CDL LICENSE TYPE should equal 2, 7.

D650

If AGE equals 018-120, and PERSON TYPE equals 01, and
NON-CDL LICENSE STATUS does not equal 0, then NON-CDL
LICENSE TYPE should equal 1.

D680

If NON-CDL LICENSE TYPE does not equal 0, 9, then NONCDL LICENSE STATUS should not equal 0, 9.

D690

If NON-CDL LICENSE TYPE equals 2, 7, and COMPLIANCE
WITH LICENSE RESTRICTIONS equals 2, then RELATED
FACTORS-DRIVER LEVEL should equal 73, 74.

D700

If NON-CDL LICENSE TYPE equals 1, and COMPLIANCE
WITH LICENSE RESTRICTIONS equals 2, then RELATED
FACTORS-DRIVER LEVEL should equal 74.

D710

If DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE equals 02, 04, 09, 15, 20, 30, 38,
40, 56, then NON-CDL LICENSE TYPE should not equal 2.

D730

If RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER LEVEL equals 73, then
COMPLIANCE WITH LICENSE RESTRICTIONS should equal
2, and NON-CDL LICENSE TYPE should equal 2, 7.

2015

ERROR CODE

2015

ERROR TEST

E01P

If NOTIFICATION TIME EMS equals 9998, then ARRIVAL TIME
EMS must equal 9998, and EMS TIME AT HOSPITAL must
equal 8888 or 9998.

E02P

If ARRIVAL TIME EMS equals 9998, then EMS TIME AT
HOSPITAL must equal 8888 or 9998.

E03P

If ARRIVAL TIME EMS equals 8888, then NOTIFICATION
TIME EMS and EMS TIME AT HOSPITAL must equal 8888.

E04P

If NOTIFICATION TIME EMS equals 8888, then ARRIVAL TIME
EMS and EMS TIME AT HOSPITAL must equal 8888.

E05P

If EMS TIME AT HOSPITAL equals 9997, then ARRIVAL TIME
EMS must equal 9997.

E06P

If ARRIVAL TIME EMS equals 9997, then EMS TIME AT
HOSPITAL must equal 9997.

E07P

If ARRIVAL TIME EMS equals 9997, then NOTIFICATION
TIME EMS must not equal 8888, 9998.

E08P

If NOTIFICATION TIME EMS is not 8888, 9998, and EMS TIME
AT HOSPITAL is not 8888, 9996, 9997, 9998, then ARRIVAL
TIME EMS must not equal 9997 or 9998.

FA0F

If FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals blank, case status is flawed.

FA1F

CRASH TYPE for all in-transport vehicles not involved in the first
harmful event must equal 98.

FD0F

If DRIVER PRESENCE is blank, case status is flawed.

FP0F

If PERSON TYPE is blank, case status is flawed.

FP1F

If AREAS OF IMPACT - INITIAL CONTACT POINT equals
blank, case status is flawed.

FP2F

If UNIT TYPE equals 1, and CRASH TYPE equals blank, case
status is flawed.

FP3F

If UNIT TYPE is blank, case status is flawed.

FP4F

If CRASH DATE is blank, case status is flawed.

1013

ERROR CODE

1014

ERROR TEST

FP5F

If CRASH TIME is blank, case status is flawed.

FP6F

If UNIT TYPE equals 1, and CRITICAL EVENT – PRECRASH
(CATEGORY) equals blank, case status is flawed.

FP7F

If UNIT TYPE equals 1, and CRITICAL EVENT – PRECRASH
(EVENT) equals blank, case status is flawed.

FP8F

If INJURY SEVERITY is blank, case status is flawed.

FP9F

If PERSON TYPE equals 05, 06, 07, 08 and the PEDESTRIAN/
BIKE - CRASH TYPE equals blank, case status is flawed.

G01P

If STATE is ____ and GLOBAL POSITION - LATITUDE
(degrees) is not equal to 77, 88, 99, then LATITUDE (degrees)
must be equal to, or greater than ( 1d ) and LATITUDE
(degrees) must not be greater than ( 2d ).

G02P

If STATE is ____ and GLOBAL POSITION - LATITUDE
(degrees) equals ( 1d ), then LATITUDE (minutes) must be
equal to, or greater than ( 1s ).

G03P

If STATE is ____ and GLOBAL POSITION - LATITUDE
(degrees) equals ( 2d ), then LATITUDE (minutes) must not be
greater than ( 2s ).

G04P

If STATE is ____ and GLOBAL POSITION - LONGITUDE
(degrees) is not equal to 777, 888, 999, then LONGITUDE
(degrees) must be equal to, or greater than, ( 3d ) and
LONGITUDE (degrees) must not be greater than ( 4d ).

G05P

If STATE is ____ and GLOBAL POSITION - LONGITUDE
(degrees) equals ( 3d ), then LONGITUDE (minutes) must be
equal to, or greater than ( 3s ).

G06P

If STATE is ____ and GLOBAL POSITION - LONGITUDE
(degrees) equals ( 4d ), then LONGITUDE (minutes) must not
be greater than ( 4s ).

G07P

If any part of GLOBAL POSITION - LATITUDE (degrees,
minutes or seconds) is all 8’s, then all parts of LATITUDE must
be all 8’s.

G08P

If any part of GLOBAL POSITION - LONGITUDE (degrees,
minutes or seconds) is all 8’s, then all parts of LONGITUDE
must be all 8’s.
2015

ERROR CODE

2015

ERROR TEST

G09P

If any part of GLOBAL POSITION - LATITUDE (degrees,
minutes or seconds) is all 9’s, then all parts of LATITUDE must
be all 9’s.

G10P

If any part of GLOBAL POSITION - LONGITUDE (degrees,
minutes or seconds) is all 9’s, then all parts of LONGITUDE
must be all 9’s.

G11P

If any part of GLOBAL POSITION - LATITUDE (degrees,
minutes or seconds) is blank, then all parts of LATITUDE must
be blank.

G12P

If any part of GLOBAL POSITION - LONGITUDE (degrees,
minutes or seconds) is blank, then all parts of LONGITUDE must
be blank.

G0AP

If any part of GLOBAL POSITION - LONGITUDE (degrees,
minutes or seconds) is all 7’s, then all parts of LONGITUDE
must be all 7’s.

G0BP

If any part of GLOBAL POSITION - LATITUDE (degrees,
minutes or seconds) is all 7’s, then all parts of LATITUDE must
be all 7’s.

P010

If PERSON TYPE equals 01, then AGE should not be less than
012.

P01F

If PERSON TYPE equals 01-03, 09, and RESTRAINT SYSTEM/
HELMET USE equals 01-04, 08, 10-12, and BODY TYPE does
not equal 80-89, then EJECTION should equal 0 or 7.

P020

If PERSON TYPE equals 02, 03, 09, and RESTRAINT
SYSTEM/HELMET USE equals 04, 10-12, then AGE should be
less than 010, or equal to 998 or 999.

P030

If PERSON TYPE equals 01, then SEATING POSITION should
not equal 12-19.

P040

If PERSON TYPE equals 02, 09, then SEATING POSITION
should not equal 11.

P050

If EJECTION equals 1, then RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET
USE should not equal 01-04, 08, 10-12.

1015

ERROR CODE

1016

ERROR TEST

P060

If SEATING POSITION equals 18, 28, 38, 48, 50-55, then
RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET USE should not equal 01, 03.

P071

If PERSON TYPE equals 02, 04-08, 10, and INJURY
SEVERITY does not equal 4, then ALCOHOL TEST STATUS
should not equal 9, and ALCOHOL TEST TYPE should not
equal 99, and ALCOHOL TEST RESULT should not equal 999.

P072

If PERSON TYPE equals 02, 03, and INJURY SEVERITY
equals 0, and ALCOHOL TEST RESULT equals 996, then
POLICE-REPORTED ALCOHOL INVOLVEMENT should equal
0, 8.

P073

If PERSON TYPE equals 02, 04-08, 10, and INJURY
SEVERITY does not equal 4, then DRUG TEST STATUS
should not equal 9, and any DRUG TEST TYPE should not
equal 9, and any DRUG TEST RESULTS should not equal 999.

P074

If PERSON TYPE equals 02, 04-08, 10, and INJURY
SEVERITY does not equal 4, then ALCOHOL TEST STATUS
must not equal 8, ALCOHOL TEST TYPE must not equal 95,
and ALCOHOL TEST RESULT must not equal 995.

P075

If PERSON TYPE equals 02, 04-08, 10 or 19, and INJURY
SEVERITY does not equal 4, then DRUG TEST STATUS must
not equal 8, any DRUG TEST TYPE must not equal 6, and any
DRUG TEST RESULTS must not equal 095.

P080

ALCOHOL TEST RESULTS should not equal 340-940.

P090

If INJURY SEVERITY equals 0, then TRANSPORTED TO
FIRST MEDICAL FACILITY BY must equal 0.

P091

If TRANSPORTED TO FIRST MEDICAL FACILITY BY equals 1,
3, 5, then EMS TIME AT HOSPITAL should not equal 8888,
9997, 9998.

P093

If all persons TRANSPORTED TO FIRST MEDICAL FACILITY
BY equals 2, 4, then NOTIFICATION TIME EMS, ARRIVAL
TIME EMS, EMS TIME AT HOSPITAL must equal 8888.

P094

If EJECTION equals 8, then SEATING POSITION must equal
55, or BODY TYPE must equal 80-83, 88, 89.

2015

ERROR CODE

2015

ERROR TEST

P110

If METHOD OF ALCOHOL DETERMINATION BY POLICE
equals 1-5, 8, then POLICE-REPORTED ALCOHOL INVOLVEMENT should equal 0, 1.

P130

If BODY TYPE equals 60-67, 71, 72, 78, 79, and PERSON
TYPE equals 01, 03, and INJURY SEVERITY equals 4, then
FATAL INJURY AT WORK should equal 1.

P140

If POLICE-REPORTED DRUG INVOLVEMENT equals 8, 9,
then METHOD OF DRUG DETERMINATION BY POLICE
should equal 8.

P150

If POLICE-REPORTED DRUG INVOLVEMENT equals 1, then
DRUG TEST STATUS should not equal 0.

P160

If POLICE-REPORTED DRUG INVOLVEMENT equals 1, and
METHOD OF DRUG DETERMINATION BY POLICE equals 2,
then not all DRUG TEST RESULTS should equal 001.

P170

If METHOD OF DRUG DETERMINATION BY POLICE equals
1-7, then POLICE-REPORTED DRUG INVOLVEMENT should
equal 0, 1.

P180

If PERSON TYPE equals 01, and AGE is less than 009, then
BODY TYPE should not equal 90.

P1A0

If AGE is less than 012, and INJURY SEVERITY equals 4, then
FATAL INJURY AT WORK should equal 0.

P200

If POLICE-REPORTED ALCOHOL INVOLVEMENT equals 8, 9,
then METHOD OF ALCOHOL DETERMINATION BY POLICE
should equal 9.

P210

If AIR BAG DEPLOYED equals 28, then SEATING POSITION
should equal 13.

P230

If SEATING POSITION equals 21, 23, 28, 29, 31, 33, 38 or 39,
and BODY TYPE equals 50-97, then AIR BAG DEPLOYED
should equal 00.

P260

If SEATING POSITION equals 18,19, then AIR BAG
DEPLOYED should equal 00, 99.

P290

If AIR BAG DEPLOYED equals 01-03, 07-09, 20, 28, and BODY
TYPE equals 01-49, and MODEL YEAR equals 1998 or newer,
then SEATING POSITION should equal 11, 13, 21, 23, 31 or 33.
1017

ERROR CODE

1018

ERROR TEST

P300

If POLICE-REPORTED ALCOHOL INVOLVEMENT equals 1,
and INJURY SEVERITY equals 4, then ALCOHOL TEST
STATUS should not equal 0, 1.

P310

If EJECTION equals 1-3, and BODY TYPE does not equal 90,
91, 97, then RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET USE must not
equal 05, 16, 17, 19, 29.

P320

If SEATING POSITION equals 22, 23, 31-53, then RESTRAINT
SYSTEM/HELMET USE must not equal 05, 16, 17, 19, 29.

P330

If RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET USE equals 00, then
SEATING POSITION should equal 50-55.

P340

If SEATING POSITION equals 50, 52-55, then RESTRAINT
SYSTEM/HELMET USE should equal 00.

P50P

If DIED AT SCENE/EN ROUTE equals 7, then TRANSPORTED
TO FIRST MEDICAL FACILITY BY must equal 0.

P510

If EMS TIME AT HOSPITAL equals 8888, 9997, 9998, then
DIED AT SCENE/EN ROUTE should not equal 8 for any
PERSON.

P51P

If DIED AT SCENE/EN ROUTE equals 8, then TRANSPORTED
TO FIRST MEDICAL FACILITY BY must equal 1-6.

P520

If CRASH DATE and DEATH DATE are the same, and CRASH
TIME and DEATH TIME are the same, then TRANSPORTED
TO FIRST MEDICAL FACILITY BY should equal 0, and DIED
AT SCENE/EN ROUTE should equal 7.

P52P

If DIED AT SCENE/EN ROUTE equals 9, then TRANSPORTED
TO FIRST MEDICAL FACILITY BY must equal 8 or 9.

P530

If EMS TIME AT HOSPITAL equals 9996, then DIED AT
SCENE/EN ROUTE must equal 8 for at least one person.

P53P

If INJURY SEVERITY equals 0-3, 5, 6, then DIED AT SCENE/
EN ROUTE must equal 0.

P54P

If DIED AT SCENE/EN ROUTE equals 8, then EMS TIME AT
HOSPITAL should not equal 8888, 9997, 9998.

P55P

If TRANSPORTED TO FIRST MEDICAL FACILITY BY equals 9,
then DIED AT SCENE/EN ROUTE must equal 0, 9.
2015

ERROR CODE

2015

ERROR TEST

P56P

If DIED AT SCENE/EN ROUTE equals 7, then DEATH TIME
should be within 30 minutes of the CRASH TIME.

PB00

If PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN
equals 110-910, then at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS for
the striking vehicle must equal 08 or 15.

PB02

If PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH TYPE - BICYCLIST
equals 111-980, then at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS for
the striking vehicle must equal 09.

PB04

If PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN
for a person involved in the first harmful event equals 211, 212,
461, 465, 680, 830, 890, 900 or 910, then RELATION TO
JUNCTION (b) must not equal 02. Note: this edit is restricted to
vehicles which are involved in only one event with pedestrian(s).

PB05

If PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN
for a person involved in the first harmful event equals 311, 312
or 313, then RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY must equal 01 or 11.
Note: this edit is restricted to vehicles which are involved in only
one event with pedestrian(s).

PB06

If PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN
equals 730, then TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE for the striking
vehicle must equal 01-03.

PB07

If PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH TYPE - BICYCLE for
a person involved in the first harmful event equals 311, 312,
313, 321, 322 or 323, then RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) must
equal 04 or 08. Note: this edit is restricted to vehicles which are
involved in only one event with bicyclist(s).

PB08

If PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH TYPE - BICYCLIST for
a person involved in the first harmful event equals 141-144, 147,
151-157 or 159, then RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) must equal
02 or 03. Note: this edit is restricted to vehicles which are
involved in only one event with bicyclist(s).

PB09

If PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH TYPE - BICYCLIST
equals 141, 143, 151-158, 217 or 218, then TRAFFIC
CONTROL DEVICE for the striking vehicle must not equal 00.

PB10

If PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH TYPE - BICYCLIST
equals 151, 156, 157, 217 or 218, then TRAFFIC CONTROL
DEVICE for the striking vehicle must equal 01-04.
1019

ERROR CODE

1020

ERROR TEST

PB11

If PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH TYPE - BICYCLIST
equals 143 or 154, then TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE for the
striking vehicle must equal 01-04, 08, 20, 21, 28 or 29.

PB12

If PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN
for a person involved in the first harmful event equals 510, 520
or 590, then RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY must not equal 01 or
11. Note: this edit is restricted to vehicles which are involved in
only one event with pedestrian(s).

PB15

If PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN
equals 910, then NON-MOTORIST ACTION/CIRCUMSTANCES must equal 03.

PB16

If PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH TYPE - BICYCLIST
equals 142, 144, 147, 153, 155, 156, 157, 159, 311, 312, 318,
319 or 357, then at least one NON-MOTORIST
CONTRIBUTING CIRCUMSTANCES must equal 02.

PB17

If PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN
for a person involved in the first harmful event equals 211-214 or
219, then PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT) must equal 08, 09, 13 or 97.
Note: this edit is restricted to vehicles which are involved in only
one event with pedestrian(s).

PB18

If PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN
equals 742, then at least one NON-MOTORIST
CONTRIBUTING CIRCUMSTANCES must equal 01.

PB19

If NON-MOTORIST ACTION/CIRCUMSTANCES equals 08,
then PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH TYPE PEDESTRIAN must not equal 510, 520, 590, 830 or 890.

PB20

If PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN
equals 510, 520 or 590, then at least one NON-MOTORIST
ACTION/CIRCUMSTANCES must equal 02.

PB21

If PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH TYPE - BICYCLIST
equals 160, then TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE for the striking
vehicle should equal 00.

PB22

If SCHOOL BUS RELATED equals 1, and PERSON TYPE
equals 05 or 08, then PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH
TYPE - PEDESTRIAN should equal 342.

2015

ERROR CODE

2015

ERROR TEST

PB23

If PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN
equals 342, and PERSON TYPE equals 05 or 08, then
SCHOOL BUS RELATED should equal 1.

PB24

If PERSON TYPE equals 05 or 08, and NON-MOTORIST
LOCATION AT TIME OF CRASH equals 14, 16, 20, 21, 22,
24 or 25, then PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH TYPE PEDESTRIAN should equal 230, 320, 410, 420, 430, 440, 459,
510, 520, 590, 830 or 890.

PB25

If PERSON TYPE equals 05 or 08, and NON-MOTORIST
LOCATION AT TIME OF CRASH equals 01-03 or 09, then
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN
should equal 690, 710, 730, 741, 742, 760, 770, 781, 782, 791,
792, 794, 795 or 799.

PB26

If NON-MOTORIST CONTRIBUTING CIRCUMSTANCES
equals 02, and PERSON TYPE equals 06 or 07, then
PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH TYPE - BICYCLIST
should equal 142, 144, 147, 153, 155, 156, 157, 159, 311, 312,
313, 318, 319 or 357.

PB27

If NON-MOTORIST ACTION/CIRCUMSTANCES equals 05, and
PERSON TYPE equals 05 or 08, then PEDESTRIAN/BIKE
TYPING - CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN should equal 410 or
420.

PB28

If NON-MOTORIST ACTION/CIRCUMSTANCES equals 06, and
PERSON TYPE equals 05 or 08, then PEDESTRIAN/BIKE
TYPING - CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN should equal 430 or
440.

PB29

If NON-MOTORIST ACTION/CIRCUMSTANCES equals 04, and
PERSON TYPE equals 05 or 08, then PEDESTRIAN/BIKE
TYPING - CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN should equal 410,
420, 430, 440 or 459.

PB30

If PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN
equals 220, then at least one DRIVER PRESENCE must equal
0 for the vehicle number identified in this person’s NUMBER OF
MOTOR VEHICLE STRIKING NON-MOTORIST.

1021

ERROR CODE

1022

ERROR TEST

PB31

If PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH TYPE - BICYCLIST
equals 147, 157 or 357, then at least one DRIVER'S VISION
OBSCURED BY must equal 06 for the vehicle number identified
in this person’s NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE STRIKING
NON-MOTORIST.

PB32

If PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN
equals 742, then at least one DRIVER'S VISION OBSCURED
BY must not equal 00 or 95 for the vehicle number identified in
this person’s NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE STRIKING NONMOTORIST.

PB33

If PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH TYPE - BICYCLIST
equals 156, then DRIVER'S VISION OBSCURED BY for the
striking vehicle must not equal 06.

PB34

If NUMBER OF FORMS SUBMITTED FOR PERSONS NOT IN
MOTOR VEHICLES equals 01, and FIRST HARMFUL EVENT
equals 08, and RELATION TO JUNCTION (b) equals 02, then
PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING - CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN
must not equal 320, 330, 360, 680, 830, 890, 900, or 910.

PB35

PB36

If PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN
equals 250, then PERSON TYPE must equal 08.

PB37

If PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN
equals 311, 312 or 313, then at least one NON-MOTORIST
ACTION/CIRCUMSTANCES must equal 08 or 10.

PB38

If PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN
equals 410 or 420, and PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING PEDESTRIAN POSITION does not equal 5, then at least one
NON-MOTORIST ACTION/CIRCUMSTANCES must equal 05.

PB39

If PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN
equals 430 or 440, and PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING PEDESTRIAN POSITION does not equal 5, then at least one
NON-MOTORIST ACTION/CIRCUMSTANCES must equal 06.

2015

ERROR CODE

2015

ERROR TEST

PB40

If PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH TYPE - BICYCLIST
equals 610, then at least one PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT
(PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT) must equal
08, 09, or 13 for the vehicle number identified in this person’s
NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE STRIKING NON-MOTORIST.

PB41

If PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH TYPE - BICYCLIST
equals 215, then PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT) must equal 08 or 09 for
the vehicle number identified in this person’s NUMBER OF
MOTOR VEHICLE STRIKING NON-MOTORIST.

PB42

If PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH TYPE - BICYCLIST
equals 111, 211 or 212, then PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR
TO RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT) must equal 11 or 17
for the vehicle number identified in this person’s NUMBER OF
MOTOR VEHICLE STRIKING NON-MOTORIST.

PB43

If PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH TYPE - BICYCLIST
equals 112, 151, 213, 214, 217 or 218, then PRE-EVENT
MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL
EVENT) must equal 10 or 17 for the vehicle number identified in
this person’s NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE STRIKING NONMOTORIST.

PB44

If PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN
equals 240, then EMERGENCY MOTOR VEHICLE USE should
equal 2-6 for at least one vehicle.

PB45

If PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN
equals 781 or 782, then PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT) should equal 11 or 17
for the vehicle number identified in this person’s NUMBER OF
MOTOR VEHICLE STRIKING NON-MOTORIST.

PB46

If PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH TYPE - BICYCLIST
equals 221-225, then PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT) should equal 01 for the
vehicle number identified in this person’s NUMBER OF MOTOR
VEHICLE STRIKING NON-MOTORIST.

1023

ERROR CODE

1024

ERROR TEST

PB49

If PERSON TYPE equals 05 or 08, and PRE-EVENT
MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL
EVENT) equals 13 for the vehicle number identified in this
person’s NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE STRIKING NONMOTORIST, then at least one PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN should equal 211-214 or 219.

PB50

If PERSON TYPE equals 05 or 08, and PRE-EVENT
MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL
EVENT) equals 10-12 or 16 for the vehicle number identified in
this person’s NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE STRIKING NONMOTORIST, then at least one PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN should equal 460, 465, 510, 781,
782, 791, 792, 794, 795 or 799.

PB52

If PERSON TYPE equals 06 or 07, and PRE-EVENT
MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL
EVENT) equals 13 for the vehicle number identified in this
person’s NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE STRIKING NONMOTORIST, then at least one PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING CRASH TYPE - BICYCLIST should equal 610.

PB56

If PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN
equals 791, 792, 794, 795, then PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT
(PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT) must equal
10 or 17 for the vehicle number identified in this person’s
NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE STRIKING NON-MOTORIST.

PB58

NON-MOTORIST ACTION/CIRCUMSTANCES must not equal
05, 06 or 16 in combination.

PB59

If NON-MOTORIST ACTION/CIRCUMSTANCES equals 16, and
PERSON TYPE equals 05 or 08, then PEDESTRIAN/BIKE
TYPING - CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN should equal 459.

PB60

If PERSON TYPE equals 05 or 08, and DRIVER PRESENCE
equals 0 for the motor vehicle which strikes the non-motorist,
then PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH TYPE PEDESTRIAN should equal 220.

PB61

If PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN
equals 220, then DRIVER PRESENCE should equal 0 for the
motor vehicle striking the non-motorist.

2015

ERROR CODE

2015

ERROR TEST

PB62

If PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN
equals 220, then at least one NON-MOTORIST
ACTION/CIRCUMSTANCES must equal 12.

PB63

If PEDESTRIAN/BIKE TYPING - CRASH TYPE - PEDESTRIAN
equals 230, then at least one RELATED FACTOR - CRASH
LEVEL should equal 19 or 23.

PB64

If any NON-MOTORIST ACTION/CIRCUMSTANCES equals 03
or 09, then the NON-MOTORIST ACTION/CIRCUMSTANCES
must not also equal 05, 06 or 16 for this person.

PB66

If PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING - CRASH LOCATION PEDESTRIAN equals 1, then NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT
TIME OF CRASH must equal 01, 02, 03, 09, 16 or 22.

PB67

If PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING - CRASH LOCATION PEDESTRIAN equals 2, then NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT
TIME OF CRASH must equal 10, 11, 13, 14, 16, 20-25, 28, 98,
99.

PB68

If PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING - CRASH LOCATION PEDESTRIAN equals 3, then NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT
TIME OF CRASH must equal 10, 11, 13, 14, 16, 20-24, 28, 98,
99.

PB69

If PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING - CRASH LOCATION PEDESTRIAN equals 4, then NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT
TIME OF CRASH must equal 24, 25, 98, 99.

PB70

If PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING - CRASH LOCATION PEDESTRIAN equals 9, then NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT
TIME OF CRASH must equal 16, 22, 24, 98 or 99.

PB71

If PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING - CRASH LOCATION - BICYLE
equals 1, then NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME OF
CRASH must equal 01, 02, 03, 09, 16 or 22.

PB72

If PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING - CRASH LOCATION - BICYLE
equals 2, then NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME OF
CRASH must equal 10, 11, 13, 14, 16, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25,
28, 98, 99.

1025

ERROR CODE

1026

ERROR TEST

PB73

If PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING - CRASH LOCATION - BICYLE
equals 3, then NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME OF
CRASH must equal 10, 11, 13, 14, 16, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 28,
98, 99.

PB74

If PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING - CRASH LOCATION - BICYLE
equals 4, then NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME OF
CRASH must equal 24, 25, 98, 99.

PB75

If PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING - CRASH LOCATION - BICYLE
equals 9, then NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME OF
CRASH must equal 16, 22, 24, 98 or 99.

PB76

If PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING - PEDESTRIAN POSITION
equals 01, then NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME OF
CRASH must equal 03 or 16.

PB77

If PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING - PEDESTRIAN POSITION
equals 02, then NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME OF
CRASH must equal 01, 02 or 10.

PB78

If PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING - PEDESTRIAN POSITION
equals 03, then NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME OF
CRASH must equal 11, 13.

PB79

If PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING - PEDESTRIAN POSITION
equals 04, then NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME OF
CRASH must equal 14, 16, 20, 98 or 99.

PB80

If PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING - PEDESTRIAN POSITION
equals 05, then NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME OF
CRASH must equal 21, 23, 24, 98 or 99.

PB81

If PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING - PEDESTRIAN POSITION
equals 06, then NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME OF
CRASH must equal 20, 22, 28, 98 or 99.

PB82

If PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING - PEDESTRIAN POSITION
equals 07 or 08, then NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME
OF CRASH must equal 25.

PB83

If PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING - PEDESTRIAN POSITION
equals 09, then NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME OF
CRASH must equal 09, 20, 22, 28, 98 or 99.

2015

ERROR CODE

2015

ERROR TEST

PB84

If PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING - BICYCLIST POSITION equals
1, then NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME OF CRASH
must equal 03, 09, 11 or 13.

PB85

If PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING - BICYCLIST POSITION equals
2, then NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME OF CRASH
must equal 14, 16 or 20.

PB86

If PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING - BICYCLIST POSITION equals
3, then NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME OF CRASH
must equal 01, 02, 10, 21, 23, 98 or 99.

PB87

If PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING - BICYCLIST POSITION equals
4, then NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME OF CRASH
must equal 24.

PB88

If PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING - BICYCLIST POSITION equals
5 or 6, then NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME OF CRASH
must equal 25.

PB89

If PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING - BICYCLIST POSITION equals
8, then NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME OF CRASH
must equal 20, 22, 28, 98 or 99.

PB90

If PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING - BICYCLIST POSITION equals
9, then NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME OF CRASH
must equal 22, 98 or 99.

PB91

If PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING - CRASH LOCATION PEDESTRIAN equals 1, then PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING PEDESTRIAN POSITION must equal 01, 02 or 09.

PB92

If PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING - CRASH LOCATION PEDESTRIAN equals 2, then PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING PEDESTRIAN POSITION must equal 03, 04, 05, 06, 07, 08 or
09.

PB93

If PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING - CRASH LOCATION PEDESTRIAN equals 3, then PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING PEDESTRIAN POSITION must equal 02, 03, 04, 05, 06, or 09.

PB94

If PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING - CRASH LOCATION PEDESTRIAN equals 4, then PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING PEDESTRIAN POSITION must equal 07, 08 or 09.

1027

ERROR CODE

1028

ERROR TEST

PB95

If PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING - CRASH LOCATION PEDESTRIAN equals 9, then PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING PEDESTRIAN POSITION must equal 02, 05 or 09.

PB96

If PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING - CRASH LOCATION - BICYLE
equals 1, then PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING - BICYCLIST
POSITION must equal 1, 2, 3, 8 or 9.

PB97

If PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING - CRASH LOCATION - BICYLE
equals 3, then PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING - BICYCLIST
POSITION must equal 1, 2, 3, 4, 8 or 9.

PB98

If PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING - CRASH LOCATION - BICYLE
equals 4, then PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING - BICYCLIST
POSITION must equal 4, 5, 6 or 9.

PB99

If PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING - CRASH LOCATION-BICYLE
equals 9, then PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING - BICYCLIST
POSITION must equal 9.

PBA0

If PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING - CRASH TYPE - BICYCLE
equals 111, 211, 212, and VEHICLE NUMBER - VEHICLE
LEVEL equals NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE STRIKING
NON-MOTORIST, then PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO
RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT) should equal 11.

PBA1

If PEDESTRIAN/ BIKE TYPING - CRASH TYPE - BICYCLE
equals 112, 151, 213, 214, 217 or 218, and VEHICLE NUMBER
- VEHICLE LEVEL equals NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLE
STRIKING NON-MOTORIST, then PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT
(PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT) should
equal 10.

PC30

If PRE-IMPACT LOCATION for a vehicle involved in the first
harmful event equals 4, 5, and RELATION TO JUNCTION (b)
does not equal 04, 05, then RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY
should not equal 01 or 11.

PC40

If PRE-IMPACT LOCATION for a vehicle involved in the first
harmful event equals 1-3, 6, then RELATION TO TRAFFICWAY
should equal 01 or 11.

PC50

If PRE-IMPACT LOCATION equals 2, then TOTAL LANES IN
ROADWAY should not equal 1.

U010

UNLIKELY: SPECIAL JURISDICTION equals 02-04, 06.
2015

ERROR CODE

2015

ERROR TEST

U020

UNLIKELY: FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 02, 04, 06, 51, 72.

U030

UNLIKELY: FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 12, 55, and
MANNER OF COLLISION equals 10, 11.

U040

UNLIKELY: REGISTRATION STATE equals 97.

U050

UNLIKELY: SPECIAL USE equals 04, 08.

U060

UNLIKELY: TRAVEL SPEED should equal 98 or 99.

U070

UNLIKELY: More than one vehicle with HIT-AND-RUN equal to
1.

U080

If BODY TYPE does not equal 21, 28, 29, 50-59, then
UNLIKELY: SPECIAL USE equals 02 or 03.

U120

UNLIKELY: AGE should not be greater than 094, unless equal
to 998, 999.

U130

UNLIKELY: SEATING POSITION equals 41-43, 48.

U150

UNLIKELY: NON-MOTORIST LOCATION AT TIME OF CRASH
equals 16, 25.

U160

UNLIKELY: INJURY SEVERITY equals 6.

U170

UNLIKELY: RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET USE equals 01.

U210

UNLIKELY: PREVIOUS RECORDED CRASHES is greater than
8 and less than 98.

U220

UNLIKELY: PREVIOUS RECORDED SUSPENSIONS AND
REVOCATIONS is greater than 10 and less than 98.

U230

UNLIKELY: PREVIOUS DWI CONVICTIONS is greater than 8
and less than 98.

U240

UNLIKELY: PREVIOUS SPEEDING CONVICTIONS is greater
than 8 and less than 98.

U250

UNLIKELY: PREVIOUS OTHER MOVING VIOLATION
CONVICTIONS is greater than 8 and less than 98.

U260

UNLIKELY: DRIVER HEIGHT is less than 3 feet or greater than
7 feet, verify data.
1029

ERROR CODE

1030

ERROR TEST

U280

UNLIKELY: DRIVER HEIGHT is less than 36 inches or greater
than 84 inches, verify data.

U290

UNLIKELY: DRIVER WEIGHT is less than 50 lbs. or greater
than 399 lbs., verify data.

U340

UNLIKELY: HIT-AND-RUN equals 0 or 9, and SEX equals 9.

U350

UNLIKELY: INJURY SEVERITY equals 1-6, and SEATING
POSITION equals 98.

U360

UNLIKELY: HIT-AND-RUN equals 0 or 9, and AGE equals 999.

U370

UNLIKELY: EXTENT OF DAMAGE equals 8 if STATE
NUMBER does not equal 48, 49, 53.

U390

UNLIKELY: LIGHT CONDITION equals 8.

U410

UNLIKELY: DRIVER’S LICENSE STATE equals 98.

U420

UNLIKELY: SPECIAL USE equals 98.

U430

UNLIKELY: VEHICLE REMOVAL equals 8.

U440

UNLIKELY: VIOLATIONS CHARGED equals 97.

U450

UNLIKELY: REGISTRATON STATE equals 91.

U460

UNLIKELY: VEHICLE MODEL equals 997.

U470

UNLIKELY: BODY TYPE equals 98.

U480

UNLIKELY: VEHICLE MAKE equals 97.

U490

UNLIKELY: GVWR/GVCR equals 8 and VEHICLE MODEL
YEAR is greater than 1980 and not equal to 9998 or 9999 and
VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER does not equal 0’s, 8’s or
9’s.

U510

UNLIKELY: VEHICLE MODEL YEAR equals 9998.

U520

UNLIKELY: RESTRAINT SYSTEM/HELMET USE equals 98.

U530

UNLIKELY: any CONDITION (IMPAIRMENT) AT TIME OF
CRASH (D23) equals 03, 05 or 07.

2015

ERROR CODE

2015

ERROR TEST

U590

UNLIKELY: CONDITION (IMPAIRMENT) AT TIME OF CRASH
(NM14) equals 05 or 07.

U640

UNLIKELY: FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals 99.

U651

UNLIKELY: SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals 62, 60
consecutively.

U652

UNLIKELY: SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals 01, 58 or 58, 01
consecutively.

U680

UNLIKELY: MOTOR CARRIER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER
(Identification Number) equals 999999997.

U681

UNLIKELY: METHOD OF ALCOHOL DETERMINATION BY
POLICE equals 8.

U682

UNLIKELY: CRITICAL EVENT: PRECRASH (EVENT) equals
08 for this vehicle and CONDITION (IMPAIRMENT) AT TIME
OF CRASH (D23) does not equal 01 for this vehicle’s driver.

U683

UNLIKELY: LAND UE (a) equals 8.

U684

UNLIKELY: FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM (b) equals 98.

U685

UNLIKELY: LAND USE and FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM (a/b)
equals 9, 99.

V010

MODEL YEAR should not be less than 1940.

V011

If VEHICLE MODEL YEAR is less than 1950, then VEHICLE
IDENTIFICATION NUMBER must equal 0s.

V020

If VEHICLE TRAILING equals 1, then BODY TYPE should not
equal 50-52, 55, 80-83, 88-91.

V031

If RELATED FACTORS-VEHICLE LEVEL equals 39, then
BODY TYPE should not equal 01, 12, 13, 32, 33, 42, 50-52, 55,
58, 59, 65, 73, 80-83, 88-92.

V032

If RELATED FACTORS-VEHICLE LEVEL equals 40, then
BODY TYPE should not equal 01, 12, 13, 32, 33, 42, 50-52, 55,
58, 59, 60-67, 71-73, 78, 80-83, 88-93.

1031

ERROR CODE

1032

ERROR TEST

V050

If RESTRAINT SYSTEM/ HELMET USE equals 05, 16, 17, 19,
29, then BODY TYPE must equal 80-83, 88-91.

V051

If BUS USE equals 01, then BODY TYPE should equal 21 or 50
or 55.

V052

If BUS USE equals 04, then BODY TYPE should equal 51.

V053

If BUS USE equals 05, then BODY TYPE should equal 12, 16,
21, 51, 55 or 58.

V054

If BUS USE equals 07, then BODY TYPE should equal 21, 22,
29, 50-59.

V055

If BUS USE equals 00, then BODY TYPE must not equal 50-59.

V056

If SPECIAL USE equals 02, then BUS USE should equal 01.

V057

If SPECIAL USE equals 03, then BUS USE should equal 04-07,
99.

V058

If EMERGENCY MOTOR VEHICLE USE equals 2-6, then
SPECIAL USE should equal 04-08, 13.

V059

If BUS USE equals 01, then SPECIAL USE must equal 02.

V060

If SPECIAL USE equals 04, then REGISTRATION STATE
should equal 94.

V061

If BUS USE equals 04-07, then SPECIAL USE must equal 03.

V070

If HM1 equals 2, then REGISTRATION STATE should not equal
92.

V090

If HM1 equals 2, then COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE
LICENSE STATUS should equal 06, 99.

V100

If HM1 equals 2, and RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER LEVEL
does not equal 19, then COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE
LICENSE STATUS should not equal 01, 02, 05.

V16P

If RELATED FACTORS-DRIVER LEVEL equals 88, then
VEHICLE TRAILING must not equal 0, 9.

2015

ERROR CODE

2015

ERROR TEST

V170

If NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is less than 97, and VEHICLE
TRAILING equals 0, and BODY TYPE equals 01-05, 07-09,
14, 15, 17, 19, 94, 95, 97, then NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS
should not be greater than 8.

V180

If NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is less than 97, and VEHICLE
TRAILING equals 0, and BODY TYPE equals 06, 11, then
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not be greater than 12.

V190

If NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96, and VEHICLE
TRAILING equals 0, and BODY TYPE equals 12, then
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not be greater than 15.

V200

If NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96, and VEHICLE
TRAILING equals 0, and BODY TYPE equals 80-83, 88, 89,
then NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not be greater than 2.

V210

If NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96, and VEHICLE
TRAILING equals 0, and BODY TYPE equals 15, 16, 42, 73,
then NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not be greater than 12.

V220

If NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96, and VEHICLE
TRAILING equals 0, and BODY TYPE equals 60-65, 71, 72, 79,
then NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not be greater than 12.

V230

If NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96, and VEHICLE
TRAILING equals 0, and BODY TYPE equals 66, then
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not be greater than 5.

V240

If NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96, and VEHICLE
TRAILING equals 0, and BODY TYPE equals 91, then
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not be greater than 2.

V250

If NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96, and VEHICLE
TRAILING equals 0, and BODY TYPE equals 90, then
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not be greater than 8.

V260

If NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is, 01-96, and VEHICLE
TRAILING equals 0, and BODY TYPE equals 99, then
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not be greater than 5.

V270

Possible error in VIN character types or number of characters.

V280

Possible error in VIN digit check.

1033

ERROR CODE

1034

ERROR TEST

V290

If BODY TYPE equals 90, then NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS
should equal 01.

V300

Possible error in VIN Production Number.

V320

If BODY TYPE equals 50-52, 55, 58-66, 71-79 and SEATING
POSITION does not equal 11,13, 98, then AIR BAG
DEPLOYED should equal 00.

V330

If SCHOOL BUS RELATED equals 1, then BODY TYPE of at
least one of the involved vehicles should equal 50 (School Bus)
or SPECIAL USE for at least one involved vehicle should equal
02 - Vehicle Used as School Bus, and BUS USE for at least one
vehicle should equal 01.

V340

If NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96, and BODY TYPE
equals 01-05, 07-09, 14, 15, 17, 19, 97, and VEHICLE
TRAILING does NOT equal 0, then NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS
should not be greater than 8.

V350

If NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96, and BODY TYPE
equals 06, 11, 16, and VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT equal 0,
then NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not be greater than 12.

V360

If NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96, and BODY TYPE
equals 12, and VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT equal 0, then
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not be greater than 15.

V370

If NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96, and BODY TYPE
equals 80-83, 88, 89, and VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT equal
0, then NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not be greater than
02.

V380

If NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96, and BODY TYPE
equals 42, 73, and VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT equal 0, then
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not be greater than 12.

V390

If NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96, and BODY TYPE
equals 60-65, 71, 72, 79, and VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT
equal 0, then NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not be greater
than 12.

V400

If NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96, and BODY TYPE
equals 66, and VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT equal 0, then
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not be greater than 5.

2015

ERROR CODE

2015

ERROR TEST

V410

If NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is less than 01-96, and BODY
TYPE equals 91, and VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT equal 0,
then NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not be greater than 2.

V420

If NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96, and BODY TYPE
equals 90, and VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT equal 0, then
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not be greater than 8.

V430

If NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS is 01-96, and BODY TYPE
equals 98, 99, and VEHICLE TRAILING does NOT equal 0, then
NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS should not be greater than 5.

V440

If BODY TYPE equals 50, then SCHOOL BUS RELATED
should equal 1.

V46P

If VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals 21, then BODY TYPE
must equal 21, 50-52, 55, 58, 59.

V470

If VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals 01, then CARGO BODY
TYPE should be 01-05, 07, 12, 96-98.

V47P

If VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals 21, then CARGO BODY
TYPE must equal 22.

V502

If GVWR/GCWR equals 0, and HM1 equals 1, then VEHICLE
CONFIGURATION and CARGO BODY TYPE must equal 00.

V503

If GVWR/GCWR equals 1, then HM2 should equal 2, or
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should equal 20.

V504

If GVWR/GCWR equals 1, then BODY TYPE should equal
01-22, 28-39, 41-49.

V505

If GVWR/GCWR equals 9, then BODY TYPE should not equal
61-63, 66, 67.

V506

If BODY TYPE equals 60, then GVWR/GCWR should equal 2.

V507

If BODY TYPE equals 01-21, 28-30, 32-39, 45-49, then
GVWR/GCWR should equal 0, 1.

V50P

If BODY TYPE equals 61, 62, 67, 71, and VEHICLE
CONFIGURATION does not equal 04, then GVWR/GCWR must
equal 2, 9. (See GVWR/GCWR Remarks on how to use VIN
Decoder to determine GVWR.)

1035

ERROR CODE

1036

ERROR TEST

V51P

If BODY TYPE equals 63, 66, 72, then GVWR/GCWR must
equal 3. (See GVWR/GCWR Remarks on how to use VIN
Decoder to determine GVWR.)

V531

If BUS USE equals 01, 04-07, 98, then VEHICLE
CONFIGURATION should equal 20, 21, and CARGO BODY
TYPE should equal 22.

V532

If VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals 01, 02, 04-08, 19, 21,
then GVWR/GCWR should not equal 0 or 1.

V533

If CRASH TYPE equals 03, 08, 38, 40, 58 or 60, then
ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE MANEUVER must not equal 00 or
01.

V535

If ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE MANEUVER equals 00, then
PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT (PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF
CRITICAL EVENT) must equal 00.

V538

If JACKKNIFE equals 2, then PRE-EVENT MOVEMENT
(PRIOR TO RECOGNITION OF CRITICAL EVENT) must not
equal 04, 05, 07-09 or 13 for this vehicle.

V540

If BODY TYPE equals 42, 65, 73, and HM1 equals 1, then
GVWR/GCWR should equal 0.

V550

If REGISTRATION STATE equals 93, 94, then REGISTERED
VEHICLE OWNER should equal 3, 4.

V560

If SPECIAL USE equals 04, then REGISTERED VEHICLE
OWNER should equal 3, and REGISTRATION STATE should
equal 94.

V56P

If VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals 10, then BODY TYPE
must equal 01-22, 28-49.

V570

If HM1 equals 2, then REGISTERED VEHICLE OWNER should
not equal 0, 1, 2, 4.

V57P

If VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals 05, then CARGO BODY
TYPE must equal 12, 96, and BODY TYPE must equal 66.

V580

If HM1 equals 2, then REGISTERED VEHICLE OWNER should
equal 3.

2015

ERROR CODE

2015

ERROR TEST

V58P

If VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals 04, then BODY TYPE
must not equal 66.

V590

If RELATED FACTORS-VEHICLE LEVEL equals 32, then
REGISTERED VEHICLE OWNER should equal 1-3.

V59Q

If ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE MANEUVER equals 99, then
DRIVER MANEUVERED TO AVOID should equal 00, 98 or 99.

V592

If RELATED FACTORS-VEHICLE LEVEL equals 37, then
REGISTRATION STATE should not equal 00, 92.

V593

If RELATED FACTORS-VEHICLE LEVEL equals 37, then
REGISTERED VEHICLE OWNER should not equal 0.

V59P

If VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals 06, then BODY TYPE
must equal 66, and VEHICLE TRAILING must equal 1.

V600

If REGISTERED VEHICLE OWNER equals 9, then
REGISTRATION STATE should equal 99.

V60P

If VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals 07, then BODY TYPE
must equal 66, and VEHICLE TRAILING must equal 2.

V61P

If VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals 08, then BODY TYPE
must equal 66, and VEHICLE TRAILING must equal 3.

V620

If CRASH MONTH is between January and March, then the
VEHICLE MODEL YEAR should NOT be greater than the
CRASH YEAR unless it equals 9998 or 9999 (contact Coding
Assistance).

V62P

If CARGO BODY TYPE equals 01-12, 97, 98, and VEHICLE
IDENTIFICATION NUMBER does not equal Not Reported or
Unknown, then GVWR/GCWR must equal 2, 3.

V630

If REGISTRATION STATE equals 00, 92, then REGISTERED
VEHICLE OWNER should NOT equal 5.

V640

If VEHICLE CONFIGURATION does not equal 00, 99, then
BODY TYPE should not equal 28, 30, 42, 45, 48, 49.

V64P

If BODY TYPE equals 50-59, 60-64, 66-72, 78, then
GVWR/GCWR must not equal 0-1.

1037

ERROR CODE

1038

ERROR TEST

V65P

If GVWR/GCWR equals 2, 3, then VEHICLE CONFIGURATION
must not equal 00 and CARGO BODY TYPE must not equal 00.

V660

If CARGO BODY TYPE does not equal 00, 99, then BODY
TYPE should not equal 28, 30, 42, 45, 48, 49.

V670

If REGISTERED VEHICLE OWNER equals 1, 2, then
REGISTRATION STATE should NOT equal 99.

V68P

If CARGO BODY TYPE equals 12, then VEHICLE TRAILING
must equal 5.

V700

If ROLLOVER equals 2, then CRASH TYPE should equal
01-10, 14, 98 or 99 for this vehicle.

V74P

If UNIT TYPE equals 1, and ROLLOVER equals 1, 2, 9, or
LOCATION OF ROLLOVER equals 1-7, 9, then at least one
SEQUENCE OF EVENTS must equal 01 for this vehicle.

V750

If UNDERRIDE/OVERRIDE equals 1-3, then FIRST HARMFUL
EVENT or at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS (for this
vehicle) should equal 12, 55.

V75P

If ROLLOVER is not blank, then LOCATION OF ROLLOVER
must not be blank.

V760

If UNDERRIDE/OVERRIDE equals 4-6, then FIRST HARMFUL
EVENT or at least one SEQUENCE OF EVENTS (for this
vehicle) should equal 14, 45.

V76P

If ROLLOVER is blank, then LOCATION OF ROLLOVER must
be blank.

V770

If UNDERRIDE/OVERRIDE equals 7, then at least one
SEQUENCE OF EVENTS (for this vehicle) must equal 12, 55.

V77P

If ROLLOVER equals 1, 2, 9, then LOCATION OF ROLLOVER
must equal 1-7, 9.

V780

If UNDERRIDE/OVERRIDE equals 8, then at least one
SEQUENCE OF EVENTS (for this vehicle) must equal 14, 45.

V78P

If ROLLOVER equals 0, then LOCATION OF ROLLOVER must
equal 0.

2015

ERROR CODE

2015

ERROR TEST

V790

If BODY TYPE equals 20, then VEHICLE CONFIGURATION
should equal 00, and CARGO BODY TYPE should equal 00.

V79P

If ROLLOVER equals 2, and FIRST HARMFUL EVENT equals
01, then CRASH TYPE must equal 01-10, 14, 15 or 98 for the
vehicle involved in the first harmful event.

V800

If BODY TYPE equals 21, 22, 28, 29, then VEHICLE
CONFIGURATION should equal 00, 04, 10, 20, 21, 99, and
CARGO BODY TYPE should equal 00, 01, 22, 99.

V810

If BODY TYPE equals 67, and VEHICLE TRAILING equals 1-4,
then VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should equal 04, and
CARGO BODY TYPE should equal 01, 03, 04, 09.

V840

If BODY TYPE equals 50-59, then VEHICLE CONFIGURATION
should equal 21, and CARGO BODY TYPE should equal 22.

V850

If BODY TYPE equals 60, then VEHICLE CONFIGURATION
should equal 01, 03, 04, and CARGO BODY TYPE should equal
01.

V860

If HIT-AND-RUN equals 0, and BODY TYPE equals 61-64, then
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should equal 01, 02, 04, and
CARGO BODY TYPE should equal 01-10, 12, 96-98.

V870

If BODY TYPE equals 65, then VEHICLE CONFIGURATION
should equal 00, and CARGO BODY TYPE should equal 00.

V880

If HIT-AND-RUN equals 0, and BODY TYPE equals 66, then
VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should equal 05-08,19, and
CARGO BODY TYPE should equal 01-04, 06-12, 96-98.

V890

If BODY TYPE equals 71, 72, then VEHICLE CONFIGURATION
should equal 19, and CARGO BODY TYPE should equal 01-04,
08, 10, 96-98.

V900

If BODY TYPE equals 73, then VEHICLE CONFIGURATION
should equal 00, and CARGO BODY TYPE should equal 00.

V910

If BODY TYPE equals 78, then VEHICLE CONFIGURATION
should equal 19, and CARGO BODY TYPE should equal 98.

V915

If BODY TYPE equals 67, and VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0,
then VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should equal 01, and
CARGO BODY TYPE should equal 97.
1039

ERROR CODE

1040

ERROR TEST

V920

If BODY TYPE equals 79, then VEHICLE CONFIGURATION
should equal 99, and CARGO BODY TYPE should equal 99.

V922

If MAKE equals 98, 99, and MODEL equals ___, then MODEL
YEAR should equal ___.

V930

If VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals 00, or CARGO BODY
TYPE equals 00, then BODY TYPE should not equal 50-64,
66-72, 78, 79.

V940

If HM1 equals 2, then VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should not
equal 00, 99 and CARGO BODY TYPE should not equal 00, 99.

V941

If BODY TYPE equals 90 or 91, then VEHICLE LICENSE
PLATE NUMBER should equal 0000000000.

V950

If vehicle MODEL YEAR is less than 1994, and SEATING
POSITION equals 31, 33, 39, then RESTRAINT
SYSTEM/HELMET USE should not equal 01, 03, and BODY
TYPE should equal 12, 15, 16, 19-21.

V960

If REGISTRATION STATE equals 99, then REGISTERED
VEHICLE OWNER should equal 5, 6, 9.

V961

If MAKE equals 98, 99, and MODEL equals ___, then BODY
should equal ___.

V980

If BODY TYPE equals 50-52, 55, 58-64, 66, 67, 71, 72, 78, 93,
or HM1 equals 2, then MOTOR CARRIER IDENTIFICATION
NUMBER must not equal 00-000000000.

V981

If VEHICLE CONFIGURATION equals 00, then MOTOR
CARRIER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER should equal 00000000000.

V982

If MOTOR CARRIER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER does not
equal 00-000000000, then VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should
not equal 00.

V983

If VEHICLE TRAILING equals 3, then STATE should equal 04,
08, 16, 18, 20, 30-32, 38-41, 46, 49.

V984

If STATE does not equal 04, 08, 16, 18, 20, 30-32, 38-41, 46,
49, then VEHICLE TRAILING should not equal 3.

2015

ERROR CODE

2015

ERROR TEST

V985

If VEHICLE TRAILING equals 5, then VEHICLE CONFIGURATION should not equal 00, 10, 19-21.

V986

If VEHICLE TRAILING equals 3, then PSU should equal 29, 30,
31, 64, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 94.

V990

If any SEQUENCE OF EVENTS equals 61, then
CONTRIBUTING CIRCUMSTANCES, MOTOR VEHICLE
should not equal 00.

V991

If VEHICLE TRAILING equals 0, then VEHICLE CONFIGURATION must not equal 04, 06-08.

V992

If VEHICLE TRAILING equals 1, then VEHICLE CONFIGURATION must not equal 01, 02, 05, 07 or 08.

V993

If VEHICLE TRAILING equals 2, then VEHICLE CONFIGURATION must not equal 01, 02, 05, 06 or 08.

V994

If VEHICLE TRAILING equals 3, then VEHICLE CONFIGURATION must not equal 01, 02, 05-07.

V995

If VEHICLE TRAILING equals 4, then VEHICLE CONFIGURATION must not equal 01, 02, 05-08.

V997

If VEHICLE TRAILING equals 6, then VEHICLE CONFIGURATION must not equal 04, 06-08.

V998

If VEHICLE TRAILING equals 9, then VEHICLE CONFIGURATION must not equal 04-07 or 08.

VA00

If HM1 equals 1, then HM2, HM5 must equal 0, HM4 must equal
00 and HM3 must equal 0000.

VA10

If HM1 equals 2, then HM2, HM5 must not equal 0, HM4 must
not equal 00 and HM3 must not equal 0000.

VA20

If any of HM2, HM5 equals 0, or HM4 equals 00 or HM3 equals
0000, then HM1 must equal 1.

VA30

If any of HM2, HM5 does not equal 0, or HM4 does not equal
00, or HM3 does not equal 0000, than HM1 must equal 2.

VA40

If HM5 equals 2, then HM3 should not equal 8888 or HM4
should not equal 88.

1041

ERROR CODE

1042

ERROR TEST

VA50

If HM3 equals 8888, and HM4 equals 88, then HM5 should not
equal 2.

VA60

If HM3 does not equal 0000, 8888, or HM4 does not equal 00,
88, then HM2 should equal 2.

VA70

If GVWR/GCWR equals 1, and HM2 equals 2, then VEHICLE
CONFIGURATION must equal 10.

VB60

If PRE-IMPACT STABILITY equals 0, then PRE-IMPACT
LOCATION must equal 0.

VB70

If PRE-IMPACT STABILITY is not equal to 0, then PRE-IMPACT
LOCATION must not equal 0.

VBA0

If PRE-IMPACT LOCATION equals 1, then PRE-IMPACT
STABILITY should equal 1, 2 or 9.

VH06

If BODY TYPE equals 82, then RELATED FACTORS-VEHICLE
LEVEL must not equal 30.

VH10

If PRE-IMPACT LOCATION equals 0, then ATTEMPTED
AVOIDANCE MANEUVER must equal 00.

VH20

If ATTEMPTED AVOIDANCE MANEUVER equals 00, then
PRE-IMPACT LOCATION must equal 0.

VH25

If UNIT TYPE equals 4, then REGISTERED VEHICLE OWNER
should not equal 6, 9.

VH70

If UNIT TYPE equals 2-4, then elements V15, V24, V31 must all
be left blank.

VH75

If UNIT TYPE equals 4, then VEHICLE CONFIGURATION
should not equal 05, 20, 21, 10.

VH80

If UNIT TYPE equals 4, then CARGO BODY TYPE should not
equal 06, 07, 11, 12, 22.

VH81

If any DAMAGED AREAS equals 15 or 99, then only that one
values must be coded.

VH82

If EXTENT OF DAMAGE for this vehicle equals 2, 4, 6, then
DAMAGED AREAS must not equal 15.

2015

ERROR CODE

2015

ERROR TEST

VH83

If the only harmful SEQUENCE OF EVENTS for this vehicle
equals 04-06, then DAMAGED AREAS should equal 15.

VH84

If the only harmful SEQUENCE OF EVENTS for this vehicle
equals 01-03, 16, 44, 51, 72, then DAMAGED AREAS should
not equal 15.

VH85

If AREAS OF IMPACT-INITIAL CONTACT POINT equals
61-63, then DAMAGED AREAS should include at least one of
the codes 07-11, or DAMAGED AREAS should equal 15.

VH86

If AREAS OF IMPACT-INITIAL CONTACT POINT equals
81-83, then DAMAGED AREAS should include at least one of
the codes 01-05, or DAMAGED AREAS should equal 15.

VH87

If HIT-AND-RUN equals 0, and AREAS OF IMPACT-INITIAL
CONTACT POINT equals 01-14, then the corresponding code
should be included in DAMAGED AREAS or DAMAGED AREAS
should equal 15.

VH88

If UNIT TYPE equals 1, and VEHICLE REMOVAL equals 2, and
BODY TYPE equals 01-49 or 60-79, then STRATUM should not
equal 4.

VH89

If UNIT TYPE equals 1, and VEHICLE REMOVAL equals 2, and
BODY TYPE equals 01-49, then STRATUM should not equal 3.

VH90

If UNIT TYPE equals 1, and VEHICLE REMOVAL equals 2, and
BODY TYPE equals 01-49 or 60-79, then FINAL STRATUM
must not equal 4.

VH91

If UNIT TYPE equals 1, and VEHICLE REMOVAL equals 2, and
BODY TYPE equals 01-49, then FINAL STRATUM must not
equal 3.

1043

DOT HS 812 296
July 2016

12495-071216-v2

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2014 FARS/NASS GES Coding And Validation Manual 2015 FARS NASS C&V

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