42 Ft Printf Instructions

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ft_printf
Because i’m tired of using putnbr and putstr.
Pedago pedago@42.fr

Summary: By now, you must be fed up alternating the ft_putstr and ft_putnbr
functions when doing your printing. Are you not allowed to use printf? You can recode
yours! It will be a chance for you to discover a feature of the C language – variadic
functions – and to practice detailed management of the printing options. You will then
be allowed to use your ft_printf in all your future projects.

Contents
I

Foreword

2

II

Introduction

3

III

Objectives

4

IV

General Instructions

5

V

Mandatory part

6

VI

Bonus part

7

VII

Submission and peer correction

8

1

Chapter I
Foreword
Here is a list of motivational posters you can find in the office of Barney Stinson in the
various seasons of How I Met Your Mother:

• Awesomeness : “When I get sad, I stop being sad and be Awesome Instead. True
Story. Barney Stinson”
• Conformity : “It’s the one who is different that gets left out in the cold.”
• Courage : “True greatness comes when you’re tested. Theodore Roosevelt”
• Challenge : “We either find a way or we make one”
• Opportunity : “You will always miss 100% of the shots you don’t take.”
• Teamwork : “Coming together is the beginning. Keeping together is progress.
Working together is success. Henry Ford.”
• Teamwork : “The chain is only as strong as the weakest link”
• Perseverance : “Continuous effort is the key to unlocking your potential. Sir Winston Churchill”
• Perfection : “It is not good enough to win, everybody else should lose”
• Strength : “What the mind can conceive, it can achieve”

2

Chapter II
Introduction
Regardless of the programming language considered, the printf function,(or its equivalents) is always highly useful. The main reason is the ease of its formatting, and the
support of diverse types in variable numbers. Some variations even propose to be able to
write the resulting string of characters either in a file descriptor or in a particular stream.
Some also propose to recall this string without printing it. In short, undeniably, printf
is a vital function. In this project, we ask you to recode it and add it to your libft so
that you can use it in all your future projects, such as ft_ls...

3

Chapter III
Objectives
The versatility of the printf function in C represents a great exercise in programming for
us. This project is of moderate difficulty. It will enable you to discover variadic functions
in C in a particularly relevant context as well as learn about a great example of a basic
“dispatcher” in C via the use of an array of function’s pointers.
The key to a successful ft_printf is a well-structured and good extensible code. This
is because as time goes by, you will be more and more tempted to continue to extend
your ft_printf, making your life easier for your future projects. So take your time to
code properly while keeping in mind that you will have to read again your code in a few
weeks or a few months to extend its functionality according to your needs. It would be a
shame not to being able to do it because your can’t read your own work. What do you
think?

4

Chapter IV
General Instructions
• Your function must be called ft_printf.
• Your project must be written in accordance with the Norm.
• You have to handle errors carefully. In no way can your program quit in an unexpected manner (Segmentation fault, bus error, double free, etc).
• Your must submit a Makefile which will compile a libftprintf.a. This lib will be
linked to our testing main to give you your results.
• You’ll have to submit a file called author containing your username followed by a
’\n’ at the root of your repository.
$>cat -e author
xlogin$

• You are allowed to use the following functions:

◦ write
◦ malloc
◦ free
◦ exit
◦ The functions of man 3 stdarg
• You can ask your questions on the forum.

5

Chapter V
Mandatory part
• You have to recode the libc’s printf function.
• Your function will be called ft_printf and will be prototyped similarly to printf.
• You won’t do the buffer management in the printf function.
• You have to manage the following conversions: sSpdDioOuUxXcC
• You must manage %%
• You must manage the flags #0-+ and space
• You must manage the minimum field-width
• You must manage the precision
• You must manage the flags hh, h, l, ll, j, et z.

man 3 printf / man 3 stdarg

6

Chapter VI
Bonus part
Below are a few interesting ideas of bonuses for you to either create or use. You can of
course add your own bonuses, which will then be evaluated directly by your correctors.

• More detailed conversions management: eE, fF, gG, aA, n.
• More detailed flags management: *, $, L, ’.
• Non-existing flags management: %b to print in binary, %r to print a string of nonprintable characters, %k to print a date in any ordinary ISO format etc.
• Management of alter tools for colors, fd or other fun stuff like that :)
printf("Le fichier{cyan}%s{eoc} contient : {red}%s{eoc}", filename, str);

7

Chapter VII
Submission and peer correction
Submit your work on your GiT repository as usual. Only the work on your repository
will be graded.

8
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