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5G: A LeadershIp Vision for Europe
D3.3 Strategic Research and Innovation Agenda
Editor: Rahim Tafazolli, University of Surrey
Deliverable nature: Document, report (R)
Dissemination level: Public (PU)
Date: planned | actual 31 October 2015 4December 2015
Version | no. of pages Version 1.0 14
Keywords: Research, Innovation, Beyond 5G, Experimental Facilities,
Expert Group, Networked Media, Content
Abstract
This document is a consolidation report on activities performed by the community at large
consisting of both the Networks and Media experts in defining research challenges for
Beyond 5G, and essential experimental facilities for proof of 5G technologies as a pathway
to realisation of impacts leading to innovations. This report substitutes the original
Strategic Research and Innovation Agenda (SRIA) and as agreed by the community and EC,
it provides white papers on strategic and important subjects for incorporation for Future
Work Programmes in the Horizon 2020. The work carried out is in the scope of WP3 and
task 3.2.
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Disclaimer
This document contains material, which is the copyright of certain 5-Alive consortium
parties, and may not be reproduced or copied without permission.
All 5-Alive consortium parties have agreed to full publication of this document.
The commercial use of any information contained in this document may require a license
from the proprietor of that information.
Neither the project consortium as a whole nor a certain party of the consortium warrant
that the information contained in this document is capable of use, nor that use of the
information is free from risk, and accepts no liability for loss or damage suffered by any
person using this information.
Impressum
Project acronym/name 5-Alive 5G: A LeadershIp Vision for Europe
Project number/type 643973 Coordination and Support Action
WP number/leader WP3 UNIBO
Task(s) no.(s)/leader(s) Task3.2 UniS
Copyright notice
2014/2015 University of Surrey and members of the 5-Alive consortium
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List of Authors
Organisation Authors Main organisations’ contributions
University of
Surrey Rahim Tafazolli Document editorial and contributions to
all sections
Orange Jean-Sebastien Bedo Contributions to all sections
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List of acronyms
5G 5th Generation
5GPPP 5th Generation Public Private Partnership
6G 6th Generation
ATAWAD AnyTime, AnyWhere, AnyDevice
B5G Beyond 5th Generation
E2E End to End
ETP European Technology Platform
EU European Union
GHz Giga Hertz
H2020 Horizon 2020
HetNet Heterogeneous Networks
IA innovation Action
ICT Information Communication Technologies
IoT Internet of Things
IT Information Technology
mmWave millimetric Wave
NEM NEtworked Media
NFV Network Function Virtualisation
NOS Network Operating System
OPEX Operation Expenditure
OS Operating System
OTT Over The Top
PxProject number x
QoE Quality of Experience
QoS Quality of Service
RAN Radio Access Network
RIAResearch and Innovation Action
RAT Radio Access Technology
SDN Software Defined Network
SLM Service Management Level
SW Software
TB/S Tera Bits per Second
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TV Television
WRC World Radio Conference
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Table of Contents
Contents
List of Authors...............................................................................................................3
List of acronyms ............................................................................................................4
Table of Contents..........................................................................................................6
1INTRODUCTION..................................................................................................7
1.1 Coverage and gap analysis of Current Programme ..............................................7
1.2 Research and innovation challenges for “Beyond 5G” .........................................8
1.3 Pathway to Innovation .......................................................................................9
1.4 Impact of Content and Media on 5G research programme ................................ 11
2SUMMARY OF PROPOSED TOPICS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH AND INNOVATION 12
3ANNEXES ......................................................................................................... 14
3.1 Annex.1: Coverage and gap Analysis of current programme.............................. 14
3.2 Annex.2: Priority topics and actions for Work Programme 2016-17...................14
3.3 Annex.3: Research and innovation challenges for “Beyond 5G” ........................14
3.4 Annex.4: Pathway to innovation ......................................................................14
3.5 Annex.5: Impact of Content and Media on 5G research programme. ................ 14
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1INTRODUCTION
5GPPP Association and the expert community of Networld2020 set challenging objectives
for the future generation of wireless connectivity namely 5G. This mobilised the EU
academia and industry to research and innovate into advanced technologies that will
meet the market requirements in the 2020 and beyond.
This document provides further work from the community on:
Coverage and gap Analysis of current 5GPPP programme. See Annex.1
Priority topics and actions for Work Programme 2016-17. See Annex.2
Research and innovation challenges for “Beyond 5G”. See Annex.3
Pathway to innovation. See Annex.4
Impact of Content and Media on 5G research programme. See Annex.5
A summary of each of the above annexes is explained, hereafter.
1.1 Coverage and gap analysis of Current Programme
An independent post-mortem analysis of outcome of ICT 14 / H2020-ICT-2014-2 Call was
carried out by M. Morganti and A. Munroy.
The coverage of all successful projects, the overlap between each other and missing
topics compared with the original 5GPPP Association 19 projects from the 4 Strands were
analysed. These are shown below for ease of reference.
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More specifically, key issues addressed in the assessment were:
Coverage of the Call by the project proposals eventually retained for funding (19
RIAs and 3 IAs);
Coverage, by the same proposals, of the 5G PPP Pre-Structuring Model V2.0;
Furthermore, for all identified gaps an assessment has been made of the additional
coverage that each of the four other project proposals evaluated above-threshold (3 RIAs
and 1 IA) would have provided, had they been retained;
It is to be noted that coverage of a given topic is not intended here only in the sense that
it is generically addressed in the proposal text, but that there is also sufficient evidence, in
the proposal workplan, of activities aimed at advancing its State of the Art towards the
Call specific challenges. Excellence, quality and credibility of the proposed work, inst ead,
are not within the scope of this assessment, as they already were the specific objective of
the Call evaluation process.
1.2 Research and innovation challenges for “Beyond 5G”
This white paper is looking at a system beyond the year 2030 horizon. The first discussion
on this topic took place on the 29th October 2014 in Paris in a workshop organized by the
5GPPP Infrastructure Association and the Networld2020 ETP. The workshop had a large
number of participants. It soon became clear that there is some uncer tainty of what
aspect(s) of 5G will be deployed and by when. This somewhat muddled the definition of a
follow-up set of research and innovation challenges.
T1 Network architecture, protocols and radio technologies
T2 Novel requirements
T3 Versatile low-cost ubiquitous radio access
T4 Flexible and efficient back-/front-haul integration
T5 Innovative architecture for 5G transceivers and micro-servers
T6 Experiment based research
T1
Management of heterogeneous technologies and protoocols
T2 Optimized reuse of (possibly virtualized) functionalities
T3 Optimized reuse and sharing of infrastructures
T1 Novel simplified (low OPEX) approaches
T2 Network level management
T3 Service level management
T4 Combination of autonomic resource management and SDN
T5 Network security in multiple virtualized or SDN domains
T1 Virtualization of network functionalities at infrastructure level
T2 Virtualization of the implementation of network services
T3 Orchestration logic (SDN)
T4 Tighter integration between application/service and networking layers
T5 Support of dynamic integration with 3rd party and OTT cloud environments
S t r ' d 2
S t r a n d 1
S t r a n d 3
S t r a n d 4
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The timelines that seem to be now accepted around the 5G discussion are as follows:
•5G Phase 1: Technically introduced 2018/20 using spectrum allocated in WRC
2015 below 6GHz. This is what is referred in this document as “5G”.
•5G Phase 2: Technically introduced in 2025 timeframe, and maybe lasting to 2030
based on spectrum that will be allocated in WRC 2019 above 6GHz.
•Post-5G Phase 2: After 2030 with what might be lead to 6G.
The idea of this document is to provide inputsto an EU research programme B5G. This
could be 5G phase2 or Post-5G phase. The vision in this document is mostly targeting 5G
Phase2. Industry, in particular, views B5G as 5G Phase2. Academia is not so uniform in
their views, and depends on the area: some fields, especially new system architectures,
may probably be for Post-5G Phase2 (and then again, if these system views reach
standardization before, then they will become 5G evolutions). As the three phases above
are unlikely to be revolutions and more likely to be evolutionary, in this document B5G is
considered as a mixture of 5G Phase 2 and Post-5G, but with an emphasis on the first.
Thus, this document aimed at identification and clarification of potential research and
innovation areas relevant for B5G networks that need to be considered in the Horizon
2020 future calls.
The paper provides extensive coverage of the following areas:
i. 5G Scenarios
ii. Fundamental Techniques For TB/S Communications
iii. Spectrum and Radio Management
iv. System Design
v. Alternative Technologies And Designs
1.3 Pathway to Innovation
The path to 5G is a multi-facet and highly multidisciplinary unlike previous generations. It
consists of various applications from narrowband to wideband, different radio
environments with extremely challenging performance requirements in terms of
reliability, latency, capacity, connectivity, energy efficiency, flexibility and so on . It relies
on convergence between Communication technologies, Network engineering and
Information Technology. To capitalise on unique strengthsof the EU in integrated and
end-to-end solutions and for impactful research on 5G there is needs for appropriate
experimental facilities for proof of concepts developed within the research projects and
for optimisation of integrated solutions which will ultimately results in new ideas,
solutions and innovations.
Europe needs a large-scale experimental platform able to support through its testing
capabilities the development and exploitation of 5G techniques and infrastructures. Much
effort and investments have been made in Europe in the past years to create test-beds
and experimental facilities with the purpose of serving industry and the scientific
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community. The result is a large number of fragmented and isolated platforms, however
valuable assets to have in Europe. Federation of test-beds was also considered as a
solution to fragmentation in some cases. Simply interconnecting facilities,that were
initially devised as separate entities, does not result in a coherent framework.
A coherent framework for experimental facilities need to consider the complexity of
network and IT paradigms that will merge into 5G (cloud ne tworking and processing,
distributed versus centralised Radio Access Network solutions, Internet of Things and
Machine Type Communications, Device-to-Device links, Software Defined Networking,
Network Function Virtualisation, etc). Experimental facilities require a flexible, large-scale,
unified experimental framework that is able to serve all industry players in the field, to
test the advanced techniques and solutions in an open-source context.
5G will be apervasive, highly flexible and ultra-low latency infrastructure capable of
“bridging” asheer large number of terminals, smartphones, tablets, wearables and any
other intelligent machine around users, with the enormous processing and storage power
available in the Cloud.
From the infrastructure side, this experimental framework should allow testing of
different architectural approaches to SDN, NFV, and their deep integration with
Cloud/Edge/Fog Computing (e.g., validating the delicate balance of centralised versus
distributed control and execution of functions, new operations processes): this includes
also testing of (and operating) different Core and Radio Access solutions, using
frequencies above and below 6 GHz, spectrum cognitive approaches (for specific
applications), novel and traditional transmission techniques: it concerns also the
integration of Core and Radio Access with Optical Networks (also strictly required to
minimize latencies) and Satellite Networks. From the terminal and device side, it should
integrate seamlessly all different types of traffic sources and prosumers: smart terminals,
things, machines, body-worn devices and even robots and drones.
To accomplish this goal, the fragmentation of experimental activities needs to be tackled
through focused and concerted actions, aiming at creating a pan-European test-bed open
to all projects and stakeholders for creating innovation.
Moreover, in order to enable a sustainable and scalable experiment facility, it is
recommended to focus initially on development of an overarching Operating System (OS).
The OS that spansfrom terminals, to the network to the Cloud and it will act as the “glue”
for proper federation of the available experimental facilities for 5G in the EU to produce
the impact. It should be designed leveraging the available OS solutions and experiences,
implemented in open source, and exploited in a way that existing experimental facilities
can be integrated rapidly and with minimum effort. Later, this overarching OS will
represent the enabling facility for the development of 5G solutions and applications. A
new Network OS (NOS) developed through experimental research could itself be a
valuable innovation for future agile and open networking in 5G.
This White Paper does not discuss the possible verticals of relevance to the developmen t
of 5G. Many of the existing facilities listed can be used to test technologies for several of
the application areas currently envisaged for 5G. In few cases the test beds are
specifically focused towards a specific vertical. In such cases a short description of the
testbeds and their focus is provided in the White paper.
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1.4 Impact of Content and Media on 5G research programme
In addition to “connectivity” Research and innovation programme, as was defined by the
5GPPP Association,further work was undertaken between NetWorld2020 and NEM
technology platforms on strategic research and innovation from viewpoint of “networked
contents and media” which ought to be considered in the future network (5G)
architecture and functionalities research and design.
The position paper identifies 5 closely coupled factors that need to be considered in the
5G research:
• End user device factor: 10 times as many devices, but with economics that will be
up to 10 times lower per device.
•End user demand factor: 100 times more bytes to be delivered, which at today’s
economics means 100 times lower cost per byte.
•Scalability factor: Demands a unification of tens of different network domains and
hundreds of disparate operator networks into a federated global and ope n
network.
•Elasticity factor: Which requires that the dedicated systems that were used to
reliably deliver a fixed set of services be replaced by IT systems that deliver an
infinite set of services with a completely different reliability model.
•Velocity factor: Mandates a 100 times increase in the rate of service introduction
and 100 times decrease in service management complexity
The position paper providesa comprehensive coverage of the following research topics:
vi. Content delivery
vii. Interactivity
viii. Content security
ix. Network capabilities
x. Content popularity
xi. Content Lifetime
xii. IoT content
xiii. ATAWAD (Any Time, Any Where, Any Device)
xiv. End to End Quality
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2SUMMARY OF PROPOSED TOPICS FOR FURTHER
RESEARCH AND INNOVAT ION
The results of the independent analysis of the current 5G programme in 5GPPP together
with priority topics and actions for Work Programme 2016-17 (See Annex 2 for further
details) which was prepared by 5G Infrastructure Association summarised in the Table 1.
Additionally the Table 1 contains a summary of all research and innovation topics
identified in the 5G Experimental Facilities in Europe produced by the Expert group of
Networld2020 that identifies research topics and innovation opportunities through
experimentation. In this White Paper, a comprehensive list of all existing testbeds with
their capabilities and scales in Europe is provided. The proposal is to utilise the existing
facilities with some enhancements and develop anovel network operating system (NOS)
that “glues”all the existing and relevant testbeds as well as developing the novel NOS for
future agile networking.
The Expert Group of Networld2020 work on “Beyond 5G” era and the jointly developed
Position Paper between NetWorld2020 and NEM ETPs identified a number of important
research areas. These are all summarised in the table 1. The table has two columns of
Research &Innovation and Innovation. Under each column appropriate strategic topic is
listed for consideration in the future Work Programme in the Horizon 2020.
Research & Innovation
Innovation
5G gap topics
the
Connectivity
•Project P10 in Strand 2: 5G Services E2E Brokering and Delivery
•P12 in Strand 3: SLM & Metrics for QoS/QoE
• P16 in Strand 4: Multi-Domain SW Networks are only marginally addressed and
overall poorly covered.
•
Project P9 in Strand 2: Enabling Technologies Unified Control
Work Pr
ogramme 2016/17
-
Priorities
•Advanced Multi Antenna Transceiver
techniques
•mmWave RATs
•Channel Model for 5G
•Novel RAN Architectures
•Machine type Communications
•Intelligent Radio Resource Management
•Integrating satellite networks
•Programmable, elastic and high capacity
optical networking
Optical networking for converged
and ubiquitous 5G access
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•Novel Views on Network Architecture
•The Software Network: Interface Abstractions
and Layering
•“On the fly” Virtualization and Adaptability
•Efficient RAN Sharing for Multi-
Tenancy
•Cloud Orchestration
•Smart Orchestration and Use of Network
Analytics and Big Data for network
management
•Agile Management Frameworks
and Network Operating System
(NOS)
•Security Privacy and Trust
•Energy Efficient Devices and Networks
•Highly Flexible Communication Systems
5G Content, Media and Connectivity Priorities
Convergence: Internet, phone, TV, mobile and content
•Any device and multiscreen, seamless access to any content
•Flexibility in support of different rights management and rights information
management
•Personal device synchronisation and auto discovery
•Geo-location information
•Support Quality of experience placement of content in the network, graceful
degradation, complexity hiding from content providers
•Virtualisation and Visualisation as a Service” business models
•Improve accessibility for the disabled users
•Support of big data handling and analytics
Beyond 5G Priorities
•Terabit communication: spanning from physical devices to communication models,
to integration wireless-fibre, to advanced HetNets processing.
•Massive MIMO realization
•Spectrum management
•Rural Broadband systems
•software systems with levels of multi-tenancy, scalability and flexibility and Conflict
•interaction of human aspects (Anticipation, proactivity, participation)
•Optical wireless, dynamic radio systems, cellular radar, self-powered systems,
device
-
level s
oftwarization (and slicing), and body
-
level interactions.
Table 1: Summary of research and innovation topics for 5G and beyond 5G era
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3ANNEXES
3.1 Annex.1: Coverage and gap Analysis of current programme
3.2 Annex.2: Priority topics and actions for Work Programme
2016-17
3.3 Annex.3: Research and innovation challenges for “Beyond
5G”
3.4 Annex.4: Pathway to innovation
3.5 Annex.5: Impact of Content and Media on 5G research
programme.

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