6165 30 6155 32 L5 Qualification Handbook V2

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IVQs in Construction (6165)
Level 5 IVQ Advanced Technician Diploma in
– Construction (6165-30) (500/5785/6)
– Construction (Quantity Surveying) (6155-32)
(500/5785/6)
Qualification handbook for centres

www.cityandguilds.com
September 2009
Version 2.0

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ST00029392/09.09/PO4500055971

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Contents

05 Important notice

26 Assessment

07 Levels of City & Guilds qualifications

27 62 Materials Technology 3

09 IVQ in Construction Industry 6165

28 62 Construction Technology 4

09 About City & Guilds
09 Introduction to this programme

29 63 Construction Management 4 and Law –
Summary of syllabus sections

09 Certificate

30 Construction Law

09 Diploma

31 Construction Management 4

09 Advanced Diploma

32 Assessment

09 Full Technological Diploma

33 63 Construction Law

09 Making entries for assessments

34 63 Construction Management 4

09 Internal candidates

35 Tendering, Estimating and Quantity Surveying 4 –
Summary of syllabus sections

09 External candidates
09 Resources
10 Assessments
10 Advanced Diploma
10 Award number
10 Component numbers
10 Advanced Technician Diploma in
Construction (Applied)
11 Advanced Technician Diploma in Construction (Theory)
11 Fixed and free date assessments
11 Results and certification
11 How to offer this programme
11 Subject approval
11 Examination centre approval
12 Additional information
12 Designing courses of study
12 Presentation format of units
12 Practical competences
12 Knowledge requirements
12 Practical assessments
13 Entry levels
13 Progression routes and recognition
13 Useful publications

36 Tendering and Estimating 4
37 Quantity Surveying 4
39 Assessment
40 71 Tendering and Estimating 4
41 71 Quantity Surveying 4
42 72 Building Services, Science and Technology 4 –
Summary of syllabus sections
43 Building Services Science 4
49 Building Services Technology 4
51 Assessment
52 72 Building Services Science 4
54 72 Building Services Technology 4
55 73 Structural Elements, Geology, Soil Mechanics and
Hydraulics 4 – Summary of syllabus sections
56 Structural Elements 4
58 Geology, Soil Mechanics and Hydraulics 4
61 Assessment
62 73 Structural Elements 4
63 73 Geology, Soil Mechanics and Hydraulics 4
64 74 Architectural Design 4 – Summary of syllabus sections
65 Architectural Design 4
66 Computer Aided Design (CAD) 4
68 Assessment
69 74 Architectural Design 4

15 Syllabus
IVQ in Construction Industry 6165
16 61 Site Surveying 3 – Summary of syllabus sections
17 Site Surveying 3
19 Assessment
20 61 Site Surveying 3
21 62 Materials and Construction Technology 4 –
Summary of syllabus sections
22 Materials Technology 4
23 Construction Technology 4

70 74 Computer Aided Design (CAD) 4
71 75 Construction Mathematics 4 – Summary of
syllabus sections
72 Construction Mathematics (applied/diagnostics) 4
75 Assessment
76 75 Construction Mathematics (applied/diagnostics) 4

79 Appendix A
Assessments
79 Practical assessment
79 Preparation, supervision and marking
79 Records, results and certification
79 Question paper assessments
79 General information
79 Visiting verifier

Important notice
Following the accreditation of the Technician IVQs in Construction
(6165) on the National Qualifications Framework of England, Wales
and Northern Ireland (NQF), some changes have been made to
the qualification, at the request of the Office of the Qualifications
and Examinations Regulator (Ofqual), the qualifications regulator
in England.
These changes took effect on 1 June 2009 and are outlined
on pages 05–06.
Note: the content of the qualifications has not changed
following accreditation.
Changes to the qualification titles
The qualification titles have changed as follows:
Advanced Technician Diploma in Construction – Applied (6165-30)
changed to
Level 5 IVQ Advanced Technician Diploma in Construction
(6165-30)
Accreditation number: 500/5785/6
International Advanced Technician Diploma in Quantity Surveying
(Applied) (6165-32)
changed to
Level 5 IVQ Advanced Technician Diploma in Construction
(Quantity Surveying) (6165-32)
Accreditation number: 500/5785/6

Changes to the unit titles
Following the accreditation of Technician IVQs in Construction,
each unit has been given an accreditation reference number
which will appear on the Certificate of Unit Credit.
The content of the units is unchanged.
Level 5 IVQ Advanced Technician Diploma in Construction
(6165-30)
Accreditation number: 500/5785/6
Mandatory units
M/502/2806 – Site Surveying 3 Principles
T/502/2807 – Site Surveying 3 Practice
A/502/2808 – Materials and Construction Technology 4 Principles
F/502/2809 – Materials and Construction Technology 4 Practice
T/502/2810 – Construction Management and Law 4 Principles
A/502/2811 – Construction Management and Law 4 Practice
Optional units (two pairs of the same subject required)
F/502/2812 – Tendering, Estimating and Quantity
Surveying 4 Principles
J/502/2813 – Tendering, Estimating and Quantity
Surveying 4 Practice
L/502/2814 – Building Services, Science and
Technology 4 Principles
R/502/2815 – Building Services, Science and
Technology 4 Practice
Y/502/2816 – Structural Elements, Geology, Soil Mechanics and
Hydraulics 4 Principles
D/502/2817 – Structural Elements, Geology, Soil Mechanics and
Hydraulics 4 Practice
H/502/2818 – Architectural Design 4 Principles
K/502/2819 – Architectural Design 4 Practice
D/502/2820 – Construction Mathematics 4 Principles
H/502/2821 – Construction Mathematics 4 Practice
Level 5 IVQ Advanced Technician Diploma in Construction
(Quantity Surveying) (6165-32)
Accreditation number: 500/5785/6
M/502/2806 – Site Surveying 3 Principles
T/502/2807 – Site Surveying 3 Practice
A/502/2808 – Materials and Construction Technology 4 Principles
F/502/2809 – Materials and Construction Technology 4 Practice
T/502/2810 – Construction Management and Law 4 Principles
A/502/2811 – Construction Management and Law 4 Practice
F/502/2812 – Tendering, Estimating and Quantity
Surveying 4 Principles
J/502/2813 – Tendering, Estimating and Quantity
Surveying 4 Practice
H/502/2818 – Architectural Design 4 Principles
K/502/2819 – Architectural Design 4 Practice

Regulations: 2000 edition

Registration for theory examination
Registration process for the theory examination has not changed.
Result submission for practical assessment
Result submission process for the practical assessments has
not changed.
Change to the grading
The grade ‘Credit’ has been changed to ‘Merit’. All other grades are
unchanged. The content of the units concerned is also unchanged.
Notification of Candidate Results (NCR) and Certificate
of Unit Credit (CUC)
Notification of Candidate Results (NCR) and Certificate of Unit
Credit (CUCs) continue to be available on completion of each
assessment (theory or practical).
Final certificate will be issued on successful completion of all
the required assessments.
‘Theory only’ route
The ‘Theory only’ route continues to be available as an
unaccredited qualification.
Changes to the certificate layout
Certificates issued on completion of an accredited IVQ show the
accredited title and the accreditation number for the qualification.
The level in the accredited title refers to the NQF level the
qualification is accredited at.
The certificate also lists all the units achieved, including the grade
and the unit accreditation number.
The certificate carries the logos of the regulatory authorities
in England, Wales and Northern Ireland indicating that the
NQF accreditation only applies to these countries.

IVQ in Construction Industry 6165

Levels of City & Guilds qualifications
All City & Guilds qualifications are part of an integrated progressive
structure of awards arranged over eight levels, allowing people
to progress from foundation to the highest level of professional
competence. Senior awards, at levels 4 to 7, recognise outstanding
achievement in industry, commerce and the public services. They
offer a progressive vocational, rather than academic, route to
professional qualifications. An indication of the different levels
and their significance is given below.
NQF level#

City & Guilds qualifications/programmes

Other qualifications*

Fellowship (FCGI)

Doctorate

Membership (MCGI)
Master Professional Diploma
Level 5 vocational awards
NVQ/SVQ Level 5

Master’s Degree
Postgraduate Diploma
Postgraduate Certificate

Graduateship (GCGI)
Associateship (ACGI)**

Bachelor’s Degree
Graduate Certificate and Diploma

Level 5 IVQ Advanced Technician Diploma
Full Technological Diploma

Higher National Diplomas
Foundation Degree
Diplomas of Higher and Further Education

Licentiateship (LCGI)
Higher Professional Diploma
Level 4 vocational awards
NVQ/SVQ Level 4

Certificate of Higher Education

Level 3 IVQ Advanced Diploma
Level 3 IVQ Specialist Advanced Diploma***
Level 3 IVQ Technician Diploma
Level 3 vocational awards
NVQ/SVQ Level 3

A Level
Scottish Higher
Advanced National Certificate in Education
BTEC National Certificate/Diploma

Level 2 IVQ Diploma
Level 2 IVQ Specialist Diploma***
Level 2 IVQ Technician Certificate
Level 2 vocational awards
NVQ/SVQ Level 2

GCSE grades A*-C
Scottish Intermediate 2/Credit S Grade
BTEC First Certificate

Level 1 IVQ Certificate
Level 1 vocational awards
NVQ/SVQ Level 1

GCSE grades D-G
Scottish Intermediate 1/General S Grade
Scottish Access 1 and 2

#
*
**

National Qualifications Framework of England, Wales and Northern Ireland (NQF)
Broad comparability in level
Only graduates of the City & Guilds College, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, are awarded
the Associateship (ACGI)
*** Part of a new qualification structure which is being introduced across the IVQ provision
IVQ International Vocational Qualifications
NVQ National Vocational Qualifications

Regulations: 2000 edition

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IVQ in Construction Industry 6165

About City & Guilds
We provide assessment and certification services for schools
and colleges, business and industry, trade associations and
government agencies in more than 100 countries. We have over
120 years of experience in identifying training needs, developing
assessment materials, carrying out assessments and training
assessment staff. We award certificates to people who have
shown they have mastered skills that are based on world-class
standards set by industry. City & Guilds International provides
a particular service to customers around the world who need
high quality assessments and certification.

Introduction to this programme
We have designed the Advanced Technician Diploma in
Construction programme for those undergoing training or
employed in this area of work. The programme aims to reflect
the international nature of the knowledge and skills and activities
needed for different countries or cultures.
We do not say the amount of time a candidate would need to
carry out the programme, but we do provide advice on guided
learning hours for each level (see below). The programme has
three levels.
Certificate
The certificate (about 375 guided learning hours) provides
a broad introduction to the theory and practical side of
construction for a front-line worker or a person beginning
an academic training programme.
Diploma
The diploma (about 720 guided learning hours) provides more
specific theory and practice suitable for a person starting to
specialise in their occupational area, who will be working
independently and who may supervise others.
Advanced Diploma
The advanced diploma (about 660 guided learning hours) takes
these skills to the level appropriate for a person preparing for or
working in a supervisory or management role within their chosen
occupation, or who intends to continue their academic training
through degree/professional level.
We stress that these figures are only a guideline and that we
award certificates and diplomas for gaining and showing skills by
whatever mode of study, and not for periods of time spent in study.

Full Technological Diploma
We will award the Full Technological Diploma (FTD) in
Construction to someone who is at least 21, who has had at
least two years relevant industrial experience, and who has
successfully finished the assessments for the diploma and
advanced diploma levels of this award. If candidates enter for
this diploma, they must also send us a portfolio of evidence
to support their application.

Making entries for assessments
Candidates can only be entered for the assessments in this
subject if the approved examination centres agree. Candidates
must enter through an examination centre we have approved to
carry out the assessments for 6165 Advanced Technician Diploma
in Construction.
There are two ways of entering candidates for assessments.
Internal candidates
Candidates can enter for examinations if they are taking or have
already finished a course at a school, college or similar training
institution that has directed their preparation whether by going
to a training centre, working with another institution, or by
open-learning methods.
External candidates
These are candidates who have not finished a programme as
described above. The examination centres must receive their
application for entry well before the date of the examination
concerned. This allows them to act on any advice you give about
assessment arrangements or any further preparation needed.
External candidates must carry out practical assessments and
projects if necessary, and they will need extra time and guidance
to make sure that they meet all the requirements for this part of
the assessment.
In this publication we use the term ‘centre’ to mean a school,
college, place of work or other institution.

Resources
If you want to use this programme as the basis for a course, you
must read this booklet and make sure that you have the staff and
equipment to carry out all parts of the programme. If there are no
facilities for realistic practical work, we strongly recommend that
you develop links with local industry to provide opportunities for
hands-on experience.

We provide certificates for all work-related areas at seven levels
within our structure of awards shown in appendix B. This
programme covers level 4. The standards and assessments for the
certificate (level 2) and the diploma (level 3) are published separately.

Regulations: 2000 edition

Assessments
There is one level of this award.
Advanced Diploma

Advanced Technician Diploma in Construction (Applied)
To carry out what is needed for the Advanced Technician Diploma
in Construction (Applied), candidates must be successful in all of
the following assessments.
6165-30-061

Site surveying 3 principles (written paper which
lasts 3 hours)

[6165-30-161]

Site Surveying 3 – practice

6165-30-062

Materials and construction technology 4 –
principles (written paper which lasts 3 hours)

[6165-30-162]

Materials and construction technology 4 – practice

6165-30-063

Construction management 4 – principles (written
paper which lasts 11⁄2 hours)

[6165-30-163]

Construction management 4 and law – practice
(Total three written papers)

We use a numbering system to allow entries to be made for our
awards. The numbers used for this programme are as follows.
Award number
6165-30
Advanced Technician Diploma in Construction (Applied)
Advanced Technician Diploma in Construction (Theory)
We use award numbers to describe the subject and level
of the award.
Component numbers
061 Site Surveying 3 Principles
161 Site Surveying 3 Practice
062 Materials and Construction Technology 4 Principles
162 Materials and Construction Technology 4 Practice
063 Construction Management 4 Principles
163 Construction Management 4 and Law Practice
071 Tendering, Estimating and Quantity Surveying 4 Principles
171 Tendering, Estimating and Quantity Surveying 4 Practice
072 Building Services, Science and Technology 4 Principles
172 Building Services, Science and Technology 4 Practice
073 Structural Elements, Geology, Soil Mechanics and
Hydraulics 4 Principles
173 Structural Elements, Geology, Soil Mechanics and
Hydraulics 4 Practice
074 Architectural Design 4 Principles
174 Architectural Design 4 Practice
075 Construction Mathematics 4 Principles
175 Construction Mathematics 4 Practice

And any two of the following pairs of assessments.
6165-30-071

Tendering, estimating and quantity surveying 4 –
principles (written paper which lasts 3 hours)

[6165-30-171]

Tendering, estimating and quantity surveying 4 –
practice

6165-30-072

Building services, science and technology 4 –
principles (written paper which lasts 3 hours)

6165-30-172]

Building services, science and technology 4
practice

6165-30-73

Structural elements, geology, soil mechanics and
hydraulics 4 (written paper which lasts 3 hours)

We use component numbers to show units for which we may
award a certificate of unit credit.

[6165-30-173]

Structural geology, soil mechanics and
hydraulics 4 – practice

We use these numbers throughout this booklet. You must use
these numbers correctly if you send forms to us.

6165-30-074

Architectural design 4 – principles (written paper
which lasts 3 hours)

[6165-30-174]

Architectural design 4 – practice

6165-30-075

Construction mathematics 4 – principles (written
paper which lasts 3 hours)

[6165-30-175]

Construction mathematics 4 – practice
(Total two written papers)

The practical assessments are carried out during the learning
programme and should be finished by the date of the written
examination so that you can send all the results to us. (See
appendix A.)

IVQ in Construction Industry 6165

Advanced Technician Diploma in Construction (Theory)
To carry out what is needed for the Advanced Technician Diploma
in Construction (Theory), candidates must be successful in all of
the following assessments.
6165-30-061

Site surveying 3 – principles (written paper which
lasts 3 hours)

6165-30-062

Materials and construction technology 4 –
principles (written paper which lasts 3 hours)

6165-30-063

Construction management 4 – principles (written
paper which lasts 11⁄2 hours)
(Total three written papers)

And any two of the following assessments.
6165-30-071

Tendering, estimating and quantity surveying 4 –
principles – (written paper which lasts 3 hours)

6165-30-072

Building services, science and technology 4 –
principles (written paper which lasts 3 hours)

6165-30-073

Structural elements, geology, soil mechanics and
hydraulics 4 – principles (written paper which
lasts 3 hours)

6165-30-074

Architectural design 4 – principles (written paper
which lasts 3 hours)

6165-30-075

Construction mathematics 4 – principles (written
paper which lasts 3 hours)
(Total two written papers)

Results and certification
Everyone who enters for our certificates, diplomas and advanced
diplomas receives a ‘Notification of Candidate Results’ giving
details of how they performed.
If candidates successfully finish any assessment within this
programme (for example, any one of the examination papers)
they will receive a certificate of unit credit towards the certificate
for which they are aiming. We grade course work assessments
as pass or fail. We grade written assessments on the basis of fail,
pass, credit or distinction. The certificate of unit credit will not
mention assessments which they do not enter, which they failed
or from which they were absent.
Each certificate clearly states what candidates need for full
certification at the relevant level, allowing schools, colleges and
employers to see whether they have met the full requirements.
If candidates successfully finish all the requirements
for a full certificate, they will automatically receive the
appropriate certificate.
We will send the ‘Notification of Candidate Results’, certificates
of unit credit, certificates, diplomas and advanced diplomas to
the examination centre to be awarded to successful candidates.
It is your responsibility to give the candidates the certificates.
If candidates have a question about the results and certificates,
they must contact you. You may then contact us if necessary.
We will also send you a results list showing how all
candidates performed.

We provide assessments in two ways.

How to offer this programme

a Fixed date
These are assessments which are carried out on dates and
times we set. These assessments have no brackets around
their numbers.

To offer this programme you must get approval from us. There are
two categories of approval.

b Free date
These are assessments which are carried out at a college or
other training establishment on a date or over a period which
the college chooses. These assessments have brackets around
their numbers.
In this programme the written assessments are fixed date. The
practical assessments are free date.
You must carry out assessments according to our International
Directory of Examinations and Assessments. If there are any
differences between information in this publication and the current
directory, the Directory has the most up-to-date information.

Subject approval
We give approval to offer a teaching course based on this syllabus.
Examination centre approval
We give approval to enter candidates for examinations.
To be approved by us to offer a teaching course you must send us
the application form.
To enter candidates for examinations you must be approved by
us as an examination centre. For this programme it is possible to
act as a registered examination centre only, and accept external
candidates. Approved examination centres must provide suitable
facilities for taking examinations, secure places to keep the
examination papers and materials, and may have an appointed
visiting verifier to review practical work.

Regulations: 2000 edition

After we have received and accepted an application, we will send
an approval letter confirming this. You can then send entries in at
any time using the International Directory of Examinations and
Assessments for guidance.
Please note that in this section we have provided an
overview of centre approval procedures. Please refer
to the current issue of ‘Delivering International
Qualifications – Centre Guide’ for full details of each
aspect of these procedures.

Additional information
Designing courses of study
Candidates for the Advanced Technician Diploma in
Construction will have come from different backgrounds
and will have different employment and training experiences.
We recommend the following:
• carry out an assessment of the candidates’ achievements so
you can see what learning they already have and decide the
level of entry they will need; and
• consider what learning methods and places will best suit them.
When you assess a candidate’s needs, you should design
teaching programmes that consider:
• what, if any, previous education qualifications or training the
candidate has, especially in the various general vocational
education certificates we provide; and
• what, if any, previous practical experience the candidate has
which is relevant to the aims of the programme and from which
they may have learned the relevant skills and knowledge.
When you choose learning methods and places, you should
consider the results of your assessments and whether the
following are available.
• Open or distance learning material.
• Workplace learning that can be carried out on site or between
you and a local workplace. This will allow the candidates access
to specialised equipment and work experience.
• Working with other registered centres to share facilities.
• Opportunities for co-operative learning between candidates
who need to gain similar skills.
As long as the candidates meet the aims of this learning
programme the structures of courses of study are up to you.
So, it is possible to include extra topics that meet local needs.
You should avoid teaching theory alone. As far as possible the
practical work should be closely related to work in the classroom
so that candidates use their theory in a realistic work environment.
You can use formal lectures in the classroom with appropriate
exercises and demonstrations. Candidates should keep records of
the practical work they do so they can refer to it at a later date.

IVQ in Construction Industry 6165

We assume that you will include core skills, such as numeracy,
communication, working with people and organisation and
planning throughout a teaching programme.

Presentation format of units
Practical competences
Each module starts with a section on practical competences
which shows the practical skills candidates must have.
At times we give more detail about important words in each
‘competence statement’.
For example:
‘1.10a Identify the various types of protective clothing/equipment
and their uses.
Protective clothing: overalls, ear defenders/plugs, safety
boots, knee pads, gloves/gauntlets, hard hats, particle
masks, glasses/goggles/visors’
In the above statement the words ‘protective clothing’ are given
as a range which the candidate should be familiar with. If a range
starts with the abbreviation ‘eg’ the candidates only need to cover
some of the ranged areas or you can use suitable alternatives.
Knowledge requirements
Immediately after the section on practical competences the
module tells you what knowledge is needed for that area. The
knowledge needed is closely linked to the practical competences,
so it is best to teach the two together so that the candidate
appreciates the topic more.
Practical assessments
The end of each unit contains practical assessments which deal
with the practical competences we mentioned earlier. Candidates
must carry out the practical assessments. You should make
sure all practical assessments are supervised and instructors
should make sure that the results reflect the candidate’s own
performance. You must hold all the evidence in a file (portfolio)
for each candidate for eight weeks after the application for a
certificate. You must also keep separate records of the dates
of all attempts by each candidate.

Entry levels
We consider the following programmes to be relevant
preparation for this programme.
Technician Diploma in Construction (6165)
Ordinary Technician Diploma in Building and Civil Engineering (8010)
Construction Technicians Part 2 (6260)
Quantity Surveying Part 2 (6270)
Construction Crafts Supplementary Studies (6000)
We also consider the following Pitman Qualifications award as
relevant alongside this programme.
English for Speakers of Other Languages – higher intermediate level

Progression routes and recognition
A number of UK universities and other higher-education
institutions may accept success in this programme towards
evidence for direct entry onto higher-level programmes. The
decision to accept a candidate on to a degree programme, and
the level of entry, is up to the institution. We provide details of
organisations recognising achievement in this programme.

Useful publications
We can provide a list of suggested text books covering specific
areas of this programme. We may also have knowledge about
other support materials. You should make sure that you have the
latest information. We will automatically send updated lists to
centres we have approved to offer this programme.

Regulations: 2000 edition

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Syllabus
IVQ in Construction Industry 6165

Section numbers and titles
16 61 Site Surveying 3
17 Site Surveying
21 62 Materials and Construction Technology 4
22 Materials Technology
23 Construction Technology
29 63 Construction Management 4 and Law
30 Construction Law
31 Construction Management and procedures
35 71 Tendering, Estimating and Quantity Surveying 4
36 Tendering and Estimating
37 Quantity Surveying
42 72 Building Services’ Science and Technology 4
43 Building Services
49 Science and Technology
55 73 Structural Elements, Geology, Soil Mechanics,
and Hydraulics 4
56 Designing of structural elements
58 Geology, soil mechanics and hydraulics
64 74 Architectural Design 4
65 Architectural Detailing
66 Computer Aided Design (CAD)
71 75 Construction Mathematics 4
72 Construction Mathematics

Syllabus: 2000 edition

61 Site Surveying 3 – Summary of syllabus sections

Page 17

Site Surveying 3
(Objectives 61.1 to 61.41)
The aim of this unit is to develop the surveying
principles covered at Diploma Level (Site Surveying 2)
with particular emphasis on current setting out
practice in the construction industry.
Note: The unit requires that there is access to
electronic distance instruments and laser
alignment equipment.

IVQ in Construction Industry 6165

Site Surveying 3

Practical competences
The candidate must be able to do the following:
61.1

61.15 Explain the method of contour interpolation from grid
and spot heights.
Contour interpolation: tracing paper overlay, scaling,
random line, calculation method

Establish co-ordinates for use in setting out and carry
out independent checks.
Checks: measurements between co-ordinated points

61.16 Describe the method of positioning contours directly
related to the site datum.

61.2

Calculate the bearing and distance between
co-ordinated points.

61.17 Explain the use of contours for plotting sections or for the
design of earthworks.
Design of earthworks: plan view (embankments, cuttings)

61.3

Set out buildings, foundations, drainage runs.
Buildings: eg light industrial

61.4

Carry out independent checks to ensure accuracy of
dimensional control.
Checks: eg additional measurements, tie measurements

61.18 Describe the hardware and software required for
computerised digital modelling used in the design
of earthworks.
Earthwork volumes
61.19 Describe the method of calculating the volume of
earthworks by spot heights, contours and cross sections.
Calculations: Simpson’s Rule for volumes, End Areas Rule,
Prismoidal correction

61.5

Establish the site datum and maintain reference
surface on site.
Site datum: eg floor level, temporary bench mark

61.6

Establish verticality of structure using an optical plumb,
a theodolite and an alignment laser.
Verticality of structure: position of columns floor by floor

61.7

Set out a grid of levels over a site to ensure its relationship
to the survey control.

61.21 Explain the purpose of mass haul curves.
Mass haul curves: for balancing cut/fill, moving
quantities of materials

61.8

Establish contours by interpolation.
Interpolation: proportion between levels

Setting out
61.22 Define the term ‘setting out’.

61.9

Plot ground sections from contours.
Ground sections: longitudinal, cross

61.23 Explain the method of setting out and the relationship
between the survey plan and the site developments.
Methods: baseline, reference line, bearing/distance

61.10 Compute earthwork volumes from contours, spot heights
and ground sections.
Earthworks: embankments, cuttings
61.11 Prepare setting out data for setting out a circular curve by
deflection angle.
Setting out data: tabulation for use on site

61.20 Explain the terms borrow pit, bulking, shrinkage, free haul,
overhaul and balancing procedures.

61.24 Describe various instruments used for setting out.
Instruments: optical reading theodolite, total station
61.25 Describe the method of calculation using co-ordinates
for setting out.

61.12 Set out a horizontal circular curve for road centre line.

61.26 Describe the checks applicable to setting out.
Checks: observing on both faces, measuring between
points, independent measurements

Knowledge requirements

61.27 Describe the use of loggers as a check for setting out data.
Loggers: data for tracking function

The instructor must ensure the candidate is able to:
Contouring
61.13 Describe the levelling grid method associated with
representative spot heights.
Representative spot heights: high/low points, change
of slope, detail features

61.28 Describe the use of a rotating laser for maintaining the
site datum.
61.29 Describe the use of a pipe laying laser for drainage runs,
supplementary to the use of sight rails and travellers.

61.14 Describe the terms contour line, vertical interval and
horizontal equivalent.

Syllabus: 2000 edition

61.30 Explain the use of various equipment for ensuring the
verticality of structure.
Equipment: autoplumb, theodolite with diagonal
eyepiece, laser alignment
Verticality of structure: use of reference frame,
plumbing by inclined sights, optical plumbing
61.31 Define the elements of the horizontal circular curve.
Curve elements: angle of deflection, intersection point
(IP), angle of deviation, tangent distance, tangent point (TP),
long chord, running chainage, standard chord, sub chords
61.32 Describe the method of setting out circular curves by
tape only.
Method: tangent/offset, deflection distance,
chord bisection
61.33 Describe the method of calculating data for setting out a
circular curve by deflection angle.
Setting out data: tabulation for use on site
61.34 Describe how to set out a circular curve with appropriate
field checks.
61.35 Describe the use of electronic instruments with a tracking
function to set out a circular curve.
61.36 Explain various methods of overcoming obstacles when
setting out a curve, including the use of co-ordinates.
Methods: obstacles where IP/ TP are inaccessible,
where features prevent direct measurement of points
on the curve itself
61.37 Identify the various elements and purpose of the
vertical curve.
Elements: geometry (parabolic), summit/valley curves,
design length, gradients, high/low points
61.38 Identify the various elements and purpose of a
transition curve.
Elements: super elevation, length of curve, spirals,
deflection angles, shift, tangent length, offsets
Application of current technology
61.39 Explain the use of Global Positioning Systems (GPS) for
surveying and setting out.
Use: concept of satellite links, GPS receivers, control/detail
surveys on the country of studies National Grid system, use
of Differential GPS for setting out
61.40 Explain the use of Geographical Information Systems (GIS)
for updating plans and identifying developments in relation
to existing features.
Use: concept of databases, background maps, positioning
of services, appropriate computer software
61.41 Explain the use of AutoCAD for processing field data and
plotting site information.

IVQ in Construction Industry 6165

Assessment

Test specification for written paper
Site Surveying 3 (6165-30-061)
This is a written paper lasting three hours with 5 questions.
Candidates must answer all questions.

Topic

Approximate %
examination
weighting

Contouring
Earthwork volume
Setting out
Application of current technology

20
20
50
10

Syllabus: 2000 edition

61 Site Surveying 3

Practical competences
The candidate must be able to do the following:
61.1

Establish co-ordinates for use in setting out and
carry out independent checks.

61.2

Calculate the bearing and distance between
co-ordinated points.

61.3

Set out buildings, foundations, drainage runs.

61.4

Carry out independent checks to ensure accuracy
of dimensional control.

61.5

Establish the site datum and maintain reference
surface on site.

61.6

Establish verticality of structure using an optical
plumb, a theodolite and an alignment laser.

61.7

Set out a grid of levels over a site to ensure its
relationship to the survey control.

61.8

Establish contours by interpolation.

61.9

Plot ground sections from contours.

61.10

Compute earthwork volumes from contours,
spot heights and ground sections.

61.11

Prepare setting out data for setting out a circular
curve by deflection angle.

61.12

Set out a horizontal circular curve for road
centre line.

This is to confirm that the candidate has successfully completed the above tasks:
Candidate signature
Candidate name (please print)
Instructor signature
Instructor name (please print)
Completion date

IVQ in Construction Industry 6165

62 Materials and Construction Technology 4 –
Summary of syllabus sections

Page 22

Materials Technology 4
(Objectives 62.1 to 62.13)
The aim of this unit is to develop an understanding of
the scientific principles which determine the
behaviour of materials and the relevant technological
processes involved in the construction project.

Page 23

Construction Technology 4
(Objectives 62.14 to 62.58)
The aim of this unit is to further develop the
knowledge requirements of Diploma Level
(Construction Technology 2 and 3) to enable the
a
b

relate the principles gained to long span, low rise
and multi-storey buildings and
consider the implications for alterations,
modification and demolition of existing buildings.

Syllabus: 2000 edition

Materials Technology 4

Practical competences
The candidate must be able to do the following:
62.1

Predict the likely behaviour of materials in a given situation,
based on chemical/biological and physical nature.
Materials: cement products (mortar, dense concrete),
metals (ferrous, non ferrous), plastics (thermo setting,
thermo plastics), timber (soft woods, hard woods)

62.2 Identify the role of water in the degradation of
building materials.
Water: sources (rain water, ground water, condensation,
humidity, drying out process), effects (chemical reactions,
corrosion, erosion, expansion/contraction, decay)
62.3 Identify the role of the sun in the degradation of
building materials.
Degradation: effect (ultraviolet, infra-red)
62.4 Select appropriate materials for a specific end use and
environment and justify the choice.
End use/environment: performance requirements,
properties of materials, cost, availability, health/safety,
environmental issues
62.5 Devise strategies for limiting performance failures
due to the degradation of materials.
Strategies: selection of inherently durable
materials, protection by design, treatments,
maintenance, replacement

Knowledge requirements
The instructor must ensure the candidate is able to:
62.6 Indicate how the properties of materials are determined by
the physical and chemical nature of their constituents.
Physical/chemical nature: atoms, molecules, elements,
compounds, solutions, mixtures, bonding, crystals, grains
(metals), physical state (solid, liquid, gas)
62.7 Distinguish between chemical and physical change.
Chemical/physical change: change of state, chemical
reaction (energy, stability, reversion)
62.8 Indicate how the properties of timbers are determined by
their cell structure.
Properties: hardness, resistance to fungal/insect attack,
grain structure
62.9 Relate the chemical principles in 62.6 and 62.7 above
to a range of materials used in construction.
Materials: cement products, metals, plastics

IVQ in Construction Industry 6165

62.10 Identify the role of water in the degradation of construction
materials and propose strategies for limitation.
Water: supplies, water cycle
Degradation: water (entry, exclusion, effects),
moisture content of materials (cement products,
metals, plastics, timber)
62.11 Describe the factors relevant to the strength of materials.
Factors: compression, tension, elasticity, plasticity,
Young’s modulus, factor of safety
Materials: cement products, metals, timber
62.12 Describe strategies for limiting the degradation
of construction materials.
Strategies: selection of inherently durable
materials, protection by design, treatments,
maintenance, replacement
62.13 Identify materials suitable for a specific end use
and location, taking into account various factors.
Factors: performance requirements, properties
of materials, cost, availability, health/safety,
environmental issues

Construction Technology 4

Practical competences

Knowledge requirements

The candidate must be able to do the following:

The instructor must ensure the candidate is able to:

62.14 Compare and recommend various types of construction
for long span, low rise and multi-storey buildings.

Site evaluation
62.24 Explain and illustrate the need for adequate site and soil
investigation prior to the start of construction work on site.
Adequate investigation: methodical approach using
standard forms, site visit, archive research, standard soil
test procedures, investigation for filled/contaminated
sites, problems relating to particular areas (eg
mining, subsidence)

62.15 Investigate and prepare a report on the considerations to
be made during the design and construction of the various
types of building specified in 62.14 above as a result of
established legislation.
62.16 Produce sketches, including details of any reinforcement
required, of the various foundations available for the types
of buildings specified in 62.14 above giving consideration
to the building load, building layout and the type/bearing
capacity of the ground.
62.17 Investigate and prepare a report on the suitability and
lifespan of a range of building materials for the various
types of buildings specified in 62.14 above.
62.18 Develop a safety, health and welfare policy for a specific
site based on existing legislation to give consideration
to site personnel, building user, general public and
adjacent property during the construction of the building,
to include the alteration, modification and demolition of
adjacent buildings.
62.19 Develop economic design solutions for the various types
of building specified in 62.14 above.
62.20 Develop a logical approach to the sequence of operations
for the various types of building specified in 62.14 above.
62.21 Illustrate, by means of annotated and dimensioned
drawings/sketches, an understanding of the knowledge
requirements of this unit.
62.22 Prepare lists of materials, components and sequences of
operations to illustrate an understanding of the knowledge
requirements of this unit.
62.23 Carry out a realistic site investigation of a specific site.
Site investigation: establish soil condition from
established data, observe contours, record
topography/existing structures, obtain details of existing
services or the proximity of existing services, obtain details
of facilities in the area (labour force, material suppliers,
plant hire), possible need for importing facilities

Substructure
62.25 Compare and describe, with the aid of sketches, the
typical methods available for excavating to depths of
up to 10m for foundation trenches and basements for
high rise buildings.
Methods: trenches (timbering as work proceeds,
between sheet steel piling, bentonite slurry), basements
(between sheet piles/supporting as work proceeds,
dumpling method, cast in-situ piles, precast concrete
piles, diaphragm walls)
62.26 Describe temporary and permanent methods of
controlling ground water in deep excavations.
Methods: sumps/pumps, interlocking sheet steel
piles, diaphragm walls, freezing, grout injection, well
points, cut off walls
62.27 Describe and detail the common methods of
constructing basements.
Methods: brick with integrated tanking, cast in-situ
concrete with integrated tanking, waterproofed
concrete/water bars, diaphragm walls, ground anchors
62.28 List and describe the procedures for forming the types of
basement specified in 62.27 above.
62.29 List and describe the procedures for effectively
waterproofing an existing basement from the inside.
Waterproofing: floor/wall tanking linked, loading coat
to floor/walls to prevent water pressure movement,
grouting between wall loading/coat tanking, drained
cavity/sump alternative
Foundations
62.30 Identify and describe the common forms of foundation
used for various types of building.
Types of building: long span, low rise, multi-store
Forms of foundations: reinforced concrete rafts including
edge beams, cellular rafts, reinforced concrete strips/ pads,
piles/pile caps, piles/ground beams, pads/ground beams
62.31 Identify and describe the common types of piling systems.
Types: displacement, replacement, combination, friction,
end bearing, precast concrete, cast in-situ concrete,
concrete shell, steel shell

Syllabus: 2000 edition

62.32 Sketch details of the linkage between a pile and pile cap
including the location of reinforcing in the ground beam.
62.33 Sketch details of the linkage between piles and a
ground beam including location of the reinforcing
in the ground beam.

62.42 Explain the basic principles of prestressed concrete.
Basic principles: high quality concrete, high tensile steel
tendons, inducing force before load is applied, tendency of
high tensile steel to return to its original length
62.43 Differentiate between prestressed pre-tensioned concrete
units and prestressed post-tensioned concrete units.

62.34 Describe common methods used to improve the
effectiveness of foundations in low bearing capacity ground.
Methods: rolling, injection grouting, vibro flotation,
permanent reduction of ground water

62.44 Illustrate the different means of anchorage used for pretensioned and post-tensioned tendons to concrete in
prestressed concrete.

62.35 Describe the various types of foundation available
given situations.
Situations: sand, gravel, made up ground, deep clay,
uncontrolled fill

62.45 Describe and illustrate typical methods of providing natural
lighting and ventilation in medium to long span roofs.
Methods: translucent sheets in pitched roofs, north light,
monitor light, lantern light

Superstructure
62.36 Describe, with the aid of sketches, the common
forms of construction used for low rise, medium
and long span buildings.
Forms of construction: rigid and pin jointed portal
frames, columns and lattice trusses, space decks,
space frames, shell roofs in timber/concrete (single
curvature, double curvature)

62.46 Sketch typical details of the types of roof light in 62.45
above to indicate waterproofing and ventilation
adjustment provision.

62.37 Describe, with the aid of sketches, the common forms of
construction used for high rise buildings.
Forms of construction: cast in-situ concrete frame,
precast concrete frame, steel frame with precast concrete
floors, prestressed concrete frames, braced frames, shear
wall structures, core structure, hull core structure, box
frame structure

62.48 Describe how the roof of a high rise building may be used
to incorporate typical equipment and services of a
permanent and temporary nature to allow cleaning and
maintenance of the external finishes.
Equipment/services: suspended scaffolds, suspended
work platforms, suspended cradles, bosun chairs

62.38 Describe, with the aid of sketches, the range of claddings,
infilling and roof coverings commonly used for the types of
building in 62.36 and 62.37 above.
Range: coated sheet metals, cementatious, sheet materials,
brickwork, blockwork, precast concrete, GRC, GRP
62.39 Describe and detail how heat insulation, fire protection,
corrosion resistance and aesthetic requirements can be
satisfied in the range of materials in 62.38 above including
painting and spraying treatments.
62.40 Describe, with the aid of sketches, curtain walling as a
cladding to high rise buildings and list the desirable
performance requirements.
Performance requirements: fixing tolerances, differential
expansion/contraction, fixing/jointing arrangements,
insulation for heat loss/noise, resistance to weather/fire
62.41 Illustrate typical methods of concealing services in high
rise buildings.
Methods: floor ducts, above suspended ceilings, wall
casings/ducts, skirting ducts

IVQ in Construction Industry 6165

62.47 Sketch typical details of providing egress for moisture from
large area cast in-situ flat concrete roofs when covered in
bituminous and asphalt finishes.
Details: spot bonded granular felt first layer/paravents

Internal works
62.49 Describe, with the aid of sketches, the range of suspended
ceilings available for medium span and high rise buildings
including their ability to conceal services.
62.50 Describe, with the aid of sketches, the range of partition
systems available for medium span and high rise buildings
including their ability to conceal services.
62.51 List the factors which allow flexibility of layout for medium
to large span floor areas.
Factors: demountability of internal partitions, provision of
floor/ceiling/wall ducting for services, adaptability of services
equipment, provision of equipment (light, ventilation)
Alteration, modification and remedial work
62.52 Describe, illustrate and list the sequence of operations
for the various methods of providing support to existing
buildings of brick or stone to ensure that structural
stability is maintained while remedial or alteration work
is carried out.
Methods: dead shores, raking shores, flying shores
Sequence: strut existing windows, prop floors, locate/cut
holes for needles, construct shoring/ensure tightening to
support building, carry out alterations, bond to/securely
support existing building, remove shoring

62.53 Describe the precautions to be taken when using timber
and steel as shoring members.
Precautions: problems of steel to steel, flexibility of
materials, expansion/contraction during loading
62.54 Identify the circumstances which may require buildings or
parts of buildings to be underpinned.
Circumstances: differential settlement, work on new
adjacent buildings, provision of basements, settlement
due to loading not considered when existing building was
designed (eg traffic, vibration)
62.55 Describe common methods of providing underpinning to
existing buildings.
Methods: traditional brick/stone sequenced steps,
precast concrete stools, jacked piles from existing
structure, diaphragm walls, pressure grouting
62.56 Explain why that in many circumstances where
underpinning is required some means of shoring will
also be required.
62.57 Describe the effects of alterations and modifications
to the design of new buildings after construction work
has begun.
62.58 Explain the terms ‘useful life’ of a building and ‘change of
use’ of a building and describe the effect they may have on
the building’s value.

Syllabus: 2000 edition

Assessment

Test specification for written paper
Materials and Construction Technology 4
(6165-30-062)
This is a written paper lasting three hours with 10 questions.
Candidates must answer all questions.

Topic

Approximate %
examination
weighting

Materials technology
Construction technology

50
50

IVQ in Construction Industry 6165

62 Materials Technology 3

Practical competences
The candidate must be able to do the following:
62.1

Predict the likely behaviour of materials in a
given situation, based on chemical/biological
and physical nature.

62.2 Identify the role of water in the degradation of
building materials.
62.3 Identify the role of the sun in the degradation of
building materials.
62.6 Select appropriate materials for a specific end
use and environment and justify the choice.
62.5 Devise strategies for limiting performance failures
due to the degradation of materials.

This is to confirm that the candidate has successfully completed the above tasks:
Candidate signature
Candidate name (please print)
Instructor signature
Instructor name (please print)
Completion date

Syllabus: 2000 edition

62 Construction Technology 4

Practical competences
The candidate must be able to do the following:
62.14 Compare and recommend various types
of construction for long span, low rise and
multi-storey buildings.
62.15 Investigate and prepare a report on the
considerations to be made during the
design and construction of the various
types of building specified in 62.14 above
as a result of established legislation.
62.16 Produce sketches, including details of any
reinforcement required, of the various
foundations available for the types of buildings
specified in 62.14 above giving consideration to the
building load, building layout and the type/bearing
capacity of the ground.
62.17 Investigate and prepare a report on the
suitability and lifespan of a range of building
materials for the various types of buildings
specified in 62.14 above.

62.18 Develop a safety, health and welfare policy for
a specific site based on existing legislation to
give consideration to site personnel, building
user, general public and adjacent property during
the construction of the building, to include the
alteration, modification and demolition of
adjacent buildings.
62.19 Develop economic design solutions for the various
types of building specified in 62.14 above.
62.20 Develop a logical approach to the sequence of
operations for the various types of building
specified in 62.14 above.
62.21 Illustrate, by means of annotated and dimensioned
drawings/sketches, an understanding of the
knowledge requirements of this unit.
62.22 Prepare lists of materials, components and
sequences of operations to illustrate an
understanding of the knowledge requirements
of this unit.
62.23 Carry out a realistic site investigation of a
specific site.

This is to confirm that the candidate has successfully completed the above tasks:
Candidate signature
Candidate name (please print)
Instructor signature
Instructor name (please print)
Completion date

IVQ in Construction Industry 6165

63 Construction Management 4 and Law –
Summary of syllabus sections

Page 30

Construction Law
(Objectives 63.1 to 63.10)
The aim of this unit is to
a
b
c

identify the legal system and framework within
the country of study
introduce the concepts of civil and criminal law
outline the legal principles.

Notes:
1

Page 31

This unit comprises only practical competences
and is based on the legal system and framework
within the country of study
This unit requires the candidate to have sufficient
familiarity with the legislation applicable to the
construction industry within the country of study
in order to be able to comply with the
requirements and minimise breaches of duty
under common law.
A good standard of communication skills is
required along with interpretation of events and
their legal implications.

Construction Management 4
(Objectives 63.11 to 63.20)
The aim of this unit is to
a

develop an awareness of management theory,
including the roles and competences of
management
consider the principles of personnel
management and industrial relations applicable
to the construction industry
identify all aspects of pre-construction
procedures including the tender,
pre-construction/construction planning,
method study; method statements and
programming taking into account safe
practices, welfare and efficiency.

Syllabus: 2000 edition

Construction Law

Practical competences
The candidate must be able to do the following:
63.1

Comply with relevant legislation and common law
philosophies within the construction industry role.
Role: contract, employment, tort, purchase, supply

63.2 Ensure that subordinates are aware of their legal duties
and responsibilities in 63.1 above.
63.3 Communicate effectively in order to avoid a breach
of legal duties and responsibilities.
Communication: verbal, written instructions,
orders, contracts
63.4 Refer to relevant sources for information and advice on
legal issues.
Sources: regulations, codes of practice, professionals
(legal, guidance)
63.5 Extract the legal principles which apply to a given
scenario/case study and explain the legal implications of
the sequence of events.
63.6 Carry out research and prepare a report on the legal
system within the country of study.
Report: description of legal system, differences between
civil law/criminal law, examples of differences relevant
to the construction industry, sources of law (case law,
statute law)
63.7 Describe to a manager or lecturer the law of tort,
and in particular negligence, and explain the relevance
to the work of the construction industry within the
country of study.
63.8 Prepare a list of the major statutes currently in force within
the country of study and indicate their intentions and
scope with regard to the construction industry.
63.9 Define what is meant by a legal contract and what are the
rights and obligations of the various parties to a contract
within the country of study.
63.10 Prepare a list of sources of information and advice on legal
issues within the country of study.

IVQ in Construction Industry 6165

Construction Management 4

Practical competences
The candidate must be able to do the following:
63.11 Recognise the structure and culture of a given organisation
and how this influences the way in which the organisation
performs in the market place.
Structure/culture: role, task, matrix/power,
organic/person, line responsibilities of the respective
supporting structure
Performance: market trends, company responses,
product categories, performance analysis/ indicators,
interface with the structure of the organisation
63.12 Identify a strategy to ensure the appropriate
selection and deployment of personnel, taking into
account performance requirements and including
incentives for productivity.
Strategy: recruitment/selection, manpower planning,
staff turnover, general people policies
Performance requirements: job descriptions, job
specifications, job analysis, leadership
Incentives: work measurement, bench marking, bonus
schemes, promotion opportunities, worker involvement
63.13 Prepare simple method statements including temporary
works, the choice of plant and site layout planning.
Method statement: work measurement, work study,
site organisation, presentation/recording systems,
health, safety

63.17 Identify the role of personnel management/organisation
including reference to workforce relations and
productivity incentives.
Role: recruitment, selection, training, staff development,
industrial relations
63.18 Describe concepts of training and staff development
within the construction industry and identify
potential providers.
Training/staff development: essential training
(eg health, safety), career development training, role
change training, re-location training, exit training
Training providers: formal institutions,
in-company training, professional bodies, private
training organisations
63.19 Explain the principles of method statements, both
descriptive and quantitative, applicable to specific
tasks and projects.
Principles: labour, plant/materials organisation, activity
durations, bulk quantities, safety aspects, productivity
issues, technology evaluation
63.20 Describe the various methods and applications of
programming site activities taking into account the
concept of logic, resource and real time.
Methods: critical path analysis, precedence diagrams,
line of balance, bar charts, resource levelling

63.14 Develop a programme of work for a small
construction project.
Programme: techniques (critical path analysis,
precedence diagrams, line of balance, bar charts,
resource levelling ), incorporate standard
performance output data

Knowledge requirements
The instructor must ensure the candidate is able to:
63.15 Describe various structures and cultures of organisations
and explain how this influences the way in which the
organisation performs in the market place.
Structure/culture: role, task, matrix/power,
organic/person, line responsibilities of the respective
supporting structure
Performance: market trends, company responses,
product categories, performance analysis/ indicators,
interface with the structure of the organisation
63.16 Describe management theories applicable to construction
organisations and their operations on site.
Management theories: behaviourist, scientific,
motivation, leadership, satisfiers/dissatisfiers

Syllabus: 2000 edition

Assessment

Test specification for written paper
Construction Management 4 (6165-30-063)
This is a written paper lasting one and a half hours with 5
questions. Candidates must answer all questions.

Topic

Approximate %
examination
weighting

Construction Management

100

Note: There is no written paper for Construction Law 3
(see notes on page 26 of this unit)

IVQ in Construction Industry 6165

63 Construction Law

Practical competences
The candidate must be able to do the following:
63.1

Comply with relevant legislation and
common law philosophies within the
construction industry role.

63.2 Ensure that subordinates are aware of legal
duties and responsibilities in 63.1 above.
63.3 Communicate effectively in order to avoid a
breach of legal duties and responsibilities.
63.4 Refer to relevant sources for information and
advice on legal issues.
63.5 Extract the legal principles which apply to a
given scenario/case study and explain the legal
implications of the sequence of events.
63.6 Carry out research and prepare a report on the
legal system within the country of study.
63.7 Describe to a manager or lecturer the law of tort,
and in particular negligence, and explain the
relevance to the work of the construction industry
within the country of study.
63.8 Prepare a list of the major statutes currently in
force within the country of study and indicate
their intentions and scope with regard to the
construction industry.
63.9 Define what is meant by a legal contract and what
are the rights and obligations of the various parties
to a contract within the country of study.
63.10 Prepare a list of sources of information and advice
on legal issues within the country of study.

This is to confirm that the candidate has successfully completed the above tasks:
Candidate signature
Candidate name (please print)
Instructor signature
Instructor name (please print)
Completion date

Syllabus: 2000 edition

63 Construction Management 4

Practical competences
The candidate must be able to do the following:
63.11 Recognise the structure and culture of a
given organisation and how this influences
the way in which the organisation performs
in the market place.
63.12 Identify a strategy to ensure the appropriate
selection and deployment of personnel, taking
into account performance requirements and
including incentives for productivity.
63.13 Prepare simple method statements including
temporary works, the choice of plant and site
layout planning.
63.14 Develop a programme of work for a small
construction project.

This is to confirm that the candidate has successfully completed the above tasks:
Candidate signature
Candidate name (please print)
Instructor signature
Instructor name (please print)
Completion date

IVQ in Construction Industry 6165

Tendering, Estimating and Quantity Surveying 4 –
Summary of syllabus sections

Page 36

Tendering and Estimating 4
(Objectives 71.1 to 71.21)
The aim of this unit is to develop the principles
covered in Resources Management Level 2 (Unit 23),
extending the knowledge to cover the functions of the
estimator, buyer and senior management to submit a
formal tender for small residential works.

Page 37

Quantity Surveying 4
(Objectives 71.22 to 71.48)
The aim of this unit is to enable the candidate to:
a

develop their skills in the preparation of Bills of
Quantities for domestic, commercial and
industrial buildings using traditional, nontraditional and computer aided techniques
establish, organise and manage a quantity
surveying office.

Syllabus: 2000 edition

Tendering and Estimating 4

Practical competences
The candidate must be able to do the following:
71.1

Prepare different methods of approximate costing of
construction for use at the budget evaluation stage.

71.2

Undertake the measurement of a low rise building in
accordance with local/national practices.
Local/national practices: eg Standard Method of
Measurement of Building Works, Civil Engineering
Standard Method of Measurement

71.3

71.4

Prepare a sample overhead budget for a typical medium
sized contractor.
Prepare an ‘All-in’ hourly rate for labour (craftsman, general
building operative) based on locally agreed rates, to
include all associated incidental costs.

71.5

Prepare an ‘All-in’ rate for materials for a variety of
applications, including appropriate allowances for cutting
waste, direct waste and indirect waste.

71.6

Prepare an ‘All in’ hourly rate for a typical item of plant for a
builder or civil engineer.

71.7

Compile unit rates using first principles for a variety of
building/civil engineering trade items, excluding overhead
costs and profit.

71.8

Identify the various forms of contractual arrangements
for tendering available within the country of study.
Contractual arrangements: eg JCT80 and its variants
(eg Local Authorities, Private Edition, With Quantities,
Without Quantities, Small Works, New Engineering and
Construction Contract, British Property Federation
Contract, Management Contracting, Package
Deal/Turnkey)

71.13 Describe, with the aid of flow charts, the methodology of
the tender process.
Flow charts: bar charts, simple network
Process: pre tender meeting, invitation to tender,
estimating timetable, tender programme, site visit,
abstracting of information, supplier/sub contract
enquiries, analysis of quotations, tender summary, late
amendments, adjudication meeting, tender submission,
review of competitiveness relative to other bids
71.14 Describe the various sections of a typical Bill of Quantities.
Sections: preliminaries, PC/provisional sums, preambles,
trade sections, summary
71.15 Distinguish between a general overhead cost and a project
overhead cost.
71.16 Describe the means and considerations involved when
allocating overhead costs and profit to an estimate.
71.17 Describe the difference between general overhead and
project overhead.
General overhead: indirect cost involved with running
the business
Site/Project overhead: direct costs (setting up the site,
administering the particular site requirements,
preliminaries section of the Bill of Quantities)
71.18 Describe how the general overhead costs are determined.
Costs: head office staff, cost of owning/renting the
buildings, accountancy, legal, computer (hardware,
software, maintenance), leasing/purchase costs of
equipment, stationery, vehicle costs
71.19 Explain the different methods of calculating the
approximate cost of a proposed new building.
Methods: cost per functional unit, cost per floor area,
elemental cost plan, approximate measure
71.20 Describe the items to be included within a net unit rate and
a gross unit rate.

Knowledge requirements
The instructor must ensure the candidate is able to:
71.9

Explain the difference between an estimate and a tender.

71.10 Detail the difference between open, selective and
negotiated methods of tendering.
71.11 Describe the different contractual arrangements for
letting contracts.
Arrangements: lump sum, cost reimbursement, serial,
term, design and build
71.12 Describe the procedure involved in the preparation of a
tender by a contractor from the initial enquiry by the client
to the formal submission of the tender bid.

IVQ in Construction Industry 6165

71.21 Explain the use of unit rates within the construction and
civil engineering industry as a means of cost control.
Use: re-measurement, valuations, variations, historical
unit costing comparisons, approximate costing

Quantity Surveying 4

Practical competences
The candidate must be able to do the following:
71.22 Prepare and apply schedules.
Schedules: eg reinforcement, services
Application: assemble the appropriate data, complex
schedules (design, prepare), use schedules as an aid
to measurement
71.23 Using the appropriate Code of Measurement,
measure excavations and fillings, from issued
drawings and specifications.
Excavation and fillings: undulating sites (contoured,
gridded), cuttings/embankments (roads, railways)
71.24 Using the appropriate Code of Measurement, measure
substructures, including Prime Cost items, from issued
drawings and specifications.
Substructure: basements, column/stanchion bases,
retaining walls, underpinning
71.25 Using the appropriate Code of Measurement, measure
superstructures, including Prime Cost items, from issued
drawings and specifications.
Superstructure: reinforced in-situ concrete (frames,
floors), floors (precast concrete, timber), walls (precast
concrete, brick, masonry), sheet cladding, concrete
staircases (precast, in-situ), balustrading
71.26 Using the appropriate Code of Measurement, measure
roofs, including Prime Cost items, from issued drawings
and specifications.
Roofs: timber construction with slate/tile (pitched, flat),
sheeting (built-up felt), reinforced in-situ concrete flat
roofs, above ground drainage
71.27 Using the appropriate Code of Measurement, measure
windows and doors, including Prime Cost items, from
issued drawings and specifications.
Windows/doors: windows, external doors including
semi-circular fanlights, internal doors, adjustments
for openings
71.28 Using the appropriate Code of Measurement, measure
joinery fittings, including Prime Cost items, from issued
drawings and specifications.
Joinery fittings: screens, kitchen fitments
71.29 Using the appropriate Code of Measurement, measure
finishings, including Prime Cost items, from issued
drawings and specifications.
Finishings: internal/external walls (rendered, plastered,
glazed tile), floors (timber, wood block, cork, PVC/ceramic
tile), ceilings (rendered/plasterboard/plaster)

71.30 Using the appropriate Code of Measurement, measure
decorations, including Prime Cost items, from issued
drawings and specifications.
Decorations: internal walls/ceilings (emulsion paint,
paper), external walls (eg tyrolean, pebbledash)
71.31 Using the appropriate Code of Measurement, measure
plumbing installations, including Prime Cost items, from
issued drawings and specifications.
Plumbing installations: sanitary appliances, hot/cold
water installations, above ground drainage, connections,
builders work (services, testing, commissioning)
71.32 Using the appropriate Code of Measurement, measure
below ground drainage, including Prime Cost items, from
issued drawings and specifications.
Below ground drainage: inspection chambers, drain
runs (main, branch, fittings), accessories, connection to
sewers, testing, commissioning
71.33 Using the appropriate Code of Measurement, measure
provisional quantities, including Prime Cost items, from
issued drawings and specifications.
Provisional quantities: foundations, below
ground drainage
71.34 Prepare Bills of Quantities from data obtained from
71.23 – 71.33 above or from simulated measurements.
Preparation: process measurements, prepare
abstracts, write draft Bills of Quantities in the ‘trade’
format using traditional/non-traditional techniques,
bill direct, write clauses (preliminary items, preamble),
prepare general summary
71.35 Apply computer technology to the production of
Bills of Quantities.
71.36 Use computer libraries to obtain standard descriptions
for use in Bills of Quantities.
71.37 Use electronic measurement and AutoCAD techniques in
the measurement process.
71.38 Produce a method statement to establish, organise and
supervise an office for a medium-sized quantity surveying
practice or contractor’s quantity surveying department.
Establish: select (accommodation, staff,
furnishings, equipment)
Organise/supervise: production of documents,
ordering/management (consumable stock, computer
software), letter writing, correspondence (dispatch, filing),
preservation of documents, library (reference books, trade
literature, professional journals), reproduction of
documents, staff (time records, salaries), application
(statutory acts, insurance requirements)

Syllabus: 2000 edition

Knowledge requirements
The instructor must ensure the candidate is able to:
71.39 Interpret drawings for complex structures, including
industrial and commercial buildings, services and
access roads.
71.40 Identify components of a building from drawings and
specifications for the purpose of their measurement.
71.41 Describe alternative formats for Bills of Quantities and
their uses.
Formats: elemental, operational, annotated
71.42 Describe the use of standard terminology in the
measurement process.
71.43 Describe the method for extracting and recording
dimensions from scale drawings on to dimension paper
and writing appropriate dimensions in abbreviated form.
71.44 Describe the function of the Code of Measurement.
Code of Measurement: appropriate to the country
of study
71.45 Interpret specifications, preamble and preliminary clauses.
71.46 Describe the use of schedules as an aid to measurement.
71.47 Describe the role of an independent and a contractor’s
quantity surveyor.
71.48 Describe office procedures.
Procedures: production of documents,
ordering/management (consumable stock, computer
software), letter writing, correspondence (despatch,
filing), preservation of documents, library (reference
books, trade literature, professional journals),
reproduction of documents, staff (time records, salaries),
apply (statutory acts, insurance requirements)

IVQ in Construction Industry 6165

Assessment

Test specification for written paper
Tendering, Estimating and Quantity
Surveying 4 (6165-30-071)
This is a written paper lasting three hours with 10 questions.
Candidates must answer all questions.

Topic

Approximate %
examination
weighting

Tendering and estimating 4
Quantity surveying practice 4

50
50

Syllabus: 2000 edition

71 Tendering and Estimating 4

Practical competences
The candidate must be able to do the following:
71.1

Prepare different methods of approximate
costing of construction for use at the budget
evaluation stage.

71.2

Undertake the measurement of a low rise building
in accordance with local/national practices.

71.3

Prepare a sample overhead budget for a typical
medium sized contractor.

71.4

Prepare an ‘All-in’ hourly rate for labour (craftsman,
general building operative) based on locally agreed
rates, to include all incidental costs.

71.5

Prepare an ‘All-in’ rate for materials for a variety of
applications, including appropriate allowances for
cutting waste, direct waste and indirect waste.

71.6

Prepare an ‘All in’ hourly rate for a typical item of
plant for a builder or civil engineer.

71.7

Compile unit rates using first principles for a variety
of building/civil engineering trade items, excluding
overhead costs and profit.

71.8

Identify the various forms of contractual
arrangements for tendering available within
the country of study.

This is to confirm that the candidate has successfully completed the above tasks:
Candidate signature
Candidate name (please print)
Instructor signature
Instructor name (please print)
Completion date

IVQ in Construction Industry 6165

71 Quantity Surveying 4

Practical competences
The candidate must be able to do the following:

71.32 Using the appropriate Code of Measurement,
measure below ground drainage, including
Prime Cost items, from issued drawings
and specifications.

71.22 Prepare and apply schedules.
71.23 Using the appropriate Code of Measurement,
measure excavations and fillings, including
Prime Cost items, from issued drawings
and specifications.
71.24 Using the appropriate Code of Measurement,
measure substructures, including Prime Cost items,
from issued drawings and specifications.
71.25 Using the appropriate Code of Measurement,
measure superstructures, including Prime Cost
items, from issued drawings and specifications.

71.33 Using the appropriate Code of Measurement,
measure provisional quantities, including
Prime Cost items, from issued drawings
and specifications.
71.34 Prepare Bills of Quantities from data
obtained from 71.23 –71.33 above or
from simulated measurements.
71.35 Apply computer technology to the production of
Bills of Quantities.
71.36 Use computer libraries to obtain standard
descriptions for use in Bills of Quantities.

71.26 Using the appropriate Code of Measurement,
measure roofs, including Prime Cost items, from
issued drawings and specifications.

71.37 Use electronic measurement and AutoCAD
techniques in the measurement process.

71.27 Using the appropriate Code of Measurement,
measure windows and doors, including Prime Cost
items, from issued drawings and specifications.

71.38 Produce a method statement to establish,
organise and supervise an office for a
medium-sized quantity surveying practice
or contractor’s quantity surveying department.

71.28 Using the appropriate Code of Measurement,
measure joinery fittings, including Prime Cost
items, from issued drawings and specifications.
71.29 Using the appropriate Code of Measurement,
measure finishings, including Prime Cost items,
from issued drawings and specifications.
71.30 Using the appropriate Code of Measurement,
measure decorations, including Prime Cost items,
from issued drawings and specifications.
71.31 Using the appropriate Code of Measurement,
measure plumbing installations, including
Prime Cost items, from issued drawings
and specifications.

This is to confirm that the candidate has successfully completed the above tasks:
Candidate signature
Candidate name (please print)
Instructor signature
Instructor name (please print)
Completion date

Syllabus: 2000 edition

72 Building Services, Science and Technology 4 –
Summary of syllabus sections

Page 43

Building Services Science 4
(Objectives 72.1 to 72.97)
The aim of this unit is to enable the candidate to
understand and apply the theories and principles of
various systems into the framework of building
design, construction and services across domestic,
industrial and commercial projects.
Systems
a

b
c

Page 49

water sources, storage, treatment and
distribution (to, within and external to the
building
sound generation and acoustic performance
within a building
levels of artificial lighting to match usage
and/or occupancy of a building, relevant to
geographical location
heating and air conditioning requirements
and design.

Building Services Technology 4
(Objectives 72.97 to 72.126)
The aim of this unit is to:
a

further develop the knowledge requirements of
diploma level (Building Services 3) particularly in
the areas of heating, air conditioning and
electrical/electronic services and
allow development of the co-ordination
requirements at design project planning,
installation and commissioning of
services installations.

IVQ in Construction Industry 6165

Building Services Science 4

Practical competences
The candidate must be able to do the following:
Water systems
72.1 Carry out a field survey to identify sources of water supply.
Sources: hydrologic (ground water, streams, atmospheric
moisture, transpiration from plants) artificial (waste water,
processing, reservoirs, desalination)
72.2 Carry out tests on water samples.
Tests: taste, odour, colour, turbidity, pH, hardness, total
coliform count, conductivity, corrosion, gas solubility
72.3 Research and prepare a report on the factors that influence
the quality of untreated water supplies within the local or
national region.
Factors: eg wastes (industrial, agricultural, domestic),
atmospheric pollution, inorganic solids, organic matter
(natural, waste), dissolved minerals, entrophication
72.4 Research and prepare a report on water treatment
methods and waste collection systems in the country
of study.
Treatment methods: eg flocculation, sedimentation,
filtration, chlorination, turbidity, bactericides
Collection systems: eg sewers (storm, sanitary), septic
tanks, motorised biological treatment
72.5 Draw a driven rain index map for the region/country of
study, showing exposure gradings.
Exposure gradings: severe, moderate, sheltered
72.6

Research those aspects of building design that are
influenced by precipitation or a high humidity environment.
Aspects: eg rainwater run off, absorption of moisture,
capillary forces, moisture migration, dimensional change in
absorbent components, condensation, exposure grading

72.7 Draw a diagram to show how a mains water distribution
system is piped to users from a service reservoir.
Distribution system: eg trunk mains (two to serve a given
region or area), secondary/ring mains, branch/building
service mains, arrangement of service pipes (termination,
accessories, associated control equipment)
72.8 Carry out calculations related to stored water systems for a
range of buildings.
Systems: domestic dwellings to three storeys, buildings
up to 10 storeys (pumped with low level break tank /high
level header, pneumatic), buildings of 15 storeys or more
(separate drinking/general water systems with
intermediate break tank)

72.9 Calculate flow rates at sanitary fittings for
given applications.
Applications: eg individual dwellings (no diversity), all
fittings of the same type in large buildings, distribution
method (binomial, Poisson)
72.10 Calculate pipe sizes for different systems.
Systems: cold water, hot water heating, fire fighting
(hose reel, dry risers, wet risers, foam installations,
automatic sprinklers, deluge/drencher systems)
72.11 Carry out calculations related to pressurised supply
systems, open channels and ground water drainage.
Calculations: head loss/flow rate (Hazen Williams,
Manning formula, equation for venturi meter, formula for
Parshall flume, formula for 90º V notch weir)
72.12 Measure the pressure of water in a pressurised system.
Measurement: eg piezometer, manometer
pressure gauge
72.13 Carry out calculations related to open and closed sewer
pipe systems.
Calculations: sizing of storm sewers relative to
sanitary sewage piped systems for a given population,
imposed loads on buried pipes, gradients to maintain
self cleaning velocities.
72.14 Measure the flow rate of waste water in an open channel
using a Parshall flume.
Sound
72.15 Draw waveforms to illustrate the nature and propagation
of sound waves through various mediums.
Mediums: liquids, gases, solids
72.16 Use sound wave diagrams to indicate the properties
of sound.
Properties: frequency, wavelength, amplitude, velocity
72.17 Use a sound meter to measure the levels and intensity
of sound.
Measurement: intensity, loudness, threshold levels,
pressure level, power level
72.18 Conduct an experiment to determine the velocity of sound
using a resonance tube.
72.19 Conduct an experiment to determine the velocity of sound
in and the modulus of brass using Kundt’s tube.
72.20 Conduct experiments to determine Young’s modulus of
elasticity for concrete.
Experiments: electrodynamics method, ultrasonic pulse
velocity apparatus

Syllabus: 2000 edition

72.21 Use a sound level meter to measure sound pressure levels
and sound levels.
72.22 Measure L10 levels of traffic noise using a sound
level meter.
72.23 Conduct an experiment to determine the way in which
loudness varies with frequency.
72.24 Conduct an experiment to measure the airborne sound
insulation of a partition.
72.25 Conduct an experiment to measure the impact sound
insulation of a floor.
Artificial lighting
72.26 Produce diagrams to show the relationship between the
units of illumination.
Units: steradian, lux, candela, illuminance, luminance
72.27 Carry out calculations involving different lighting laws
and methods.
Laws: inverse square, cosine
Methods: use of indirect component of illuminance,
lumen design, space/height ratio, published data (limiting
glare index, efficacies of lamps, luminance classification),
polar curves, room index
72.28 Produce diagrams to show the relationship between
various illuminance factors due to daylight and permanent
supplementary artificial lighting in a room or office.
Factors: supplementary light fitting (luminaire), total
horizontal illuminance, illuminance due to light fitting,
illuminance due to daylight
72.29 Conduct a survey to establish the luminous values of
surfaces within a room.
Survey: using a Hag meter or similar
72.30 Conduct an experiment to plot a polar curve using a model
lamp fitting.
72.31 Produce diagrams to show the relationship between
wavelength, colour and the human eye.
Diagrams: electromagnetic spectrum, visible wavelength,
colour bands, eye sensitivity

72.34 Calculate ‘whole body’ comfort checks as a design
requirement using the ‘Fanger’s Criteria’ method.
Method: check comfort at centre of room, check comfort
at other room locations
72.35 Calculate heat losses through different
building components.
Components: roof (flat, pitched with ceiling void),
solid ground floor, walls, windows, doors, ventilators
72.36 Calculate heat emission from installed systems and
building components.
Systems: bare pipes, insulated pipes, radiators,
convectors, radiant strip heaters, high temperature radiant
panels, forced convectors (fan assisted)
Components: ceilings (embedded, suspended ceiling
void), embedded in floors/walls
72.37 Draw heating circuit diagrams for different systems.
Systems: natural convection, natural circulation,
domestic systems (one pipe, two pipe, small bore,
microbore), large buildings (pumped, mixer valves,
reversed return, pressurised), group/district distribution
systems (central boiler), ducted air, recirculation of heated
air from installed luminaries
72.38 Use manufacturers’ published data to quantify and cost
materials and equipment for a proposed heating scheme
within a chosen building.
Published data: manufacturers’ catalogues, scale
drawings, specification, bill of quantities
Air Conditioning
72.39 Calculate, using published data, the cooling load for a
single zone system in an area of less than 300m2, in order
to provide ‘comfort conditioning’ within a building located
in the region/area of study.
Cooling load: factors (size, location, occupancy, usage,
ventilation of building, formula for sensible heat ratio)
72.40 Carry out calculations in designing an air conditioning
system for a given application.
Application: eg private office, small shop sited at the
corner of a building, small restaurant

Knowledge requirements
72.32 Carry out calculations to establish the glare index for a
lighting scheme.
Calculations: use of discomfort glare, disability glare,
glare index (published data)
Heating and air conditioning requirements and design
72.33 Calculate ‘whole body’ comfort checks as a design
requirement using the ‘Resultant temperature’ method.
Method: check comfort at centre of room, check comfort
at other room locations

IVQ in Construction Industry 6165

The instructor must ensure that the candidate is able to:
Water systems
72.41 Explain how a water source is part of either the hydrologic
or artificial water cycle.
Water source: hydrologic (precipitation, ground water,
streams, transpiration from plants), artificial (waste water,
processing, reservoirs, desalination)

72.42 Identify the source of water for the country, region or
area of study.
Source: hydrologic, artificial
72.43 Describe, with the aid of schematic diagrams, various
methods of conducting the bacteriological test of
potable water.
Schematic diagrams: complete test for coliform group
Tests: dechlorination, fermentation, gas detector, bacterial
growth, Gram-stains precautions (avoid contamination
when collecting samples, protective clothing)
72.44 Describe the factors that can influence the quality of
untreated water supplies.
Factors: wastes (industrial, agricultural, domestic),
atmospheric pollution, inorganic solids, organic matter
(natural, waste), dissolved minerals, entrophication
72.45 Identify water borne diseases that affect humans.
Diseases: typhoid, cholera, salmonella,
legionella, dysentery
72.46 Explain, by means of a case study from the country,
region or area of study, how disease may be passed
to humans through contact with, or consumption of,
contaminated water.
Contamination: bacteria, viruses, protozoa,
parasitic worms
72.47 Describe, with the aid of diagrams, the stages of treatment
within a waste water processing plant.
Stages: screening, pumping, flow measurement, grit
removal, chemical coagulation, chlorination,
sedimentation, clarifiers, biological filtration
72.48 Identify the characteristics of flow analysis and apply
related theorems.
Characteristics: compressibility, viscosity, vapourisation
Theorems: bulk modulus, coefficient of viscosity,
kinematic viscosity, Reynold’s number, laminar flow,
turbulent flow, Euler equations, Bernoulli equations,
Darcy equations
72.49 Identify the factors that contribute to losses in a plant
pipework system.
Factors: head loss, slope of hydraulic gradient, coefficient
of pipe friction, lengths of pipework, valves, fittings
72.50 Explain, by means of a case study for a building in the
country, region or area of study, the environmental
factors that influence the location and structural
design of a building.
Factors: rainfall, wind pressure, humidity, solar
radiation, thunderstorms

72.51 Describe the factors that influence the location and design
of a mains water distribution system.
Factors: water source, topography, consumers (industrial,
agricultural, domestic), aesthetics
72.52 Describe, with the aid of diagrams, the methods of
measuring water pressure.
Methods: piezometer, manometer, pressure gauge
72.53 Describe, with the aid of a diagram, how the flow of water
in an open channel may be measured.
Diagram: Parshall flume
72.54 Describe, with the aid of a diagram, how a venturi type
meter in conjunction with a sensor, transmitter and flow
recorder, would be connected into a water pipeline.
Diagram: meter, sensor, recorder connections, pipeline
72.55 Describe, with the aid of sketches, the different designs of
stored water systems for given buildings.
Systems: domestic dwelling (3 storey maximum), building
up to 10 storey (pumped, breaktank, header tank,
pneumatic), buildings above 15 storeys (separate drinking
water/general water systems, intermediate break tanks)
72.56 Describe methods of calculating flow rates at sanitary
fittings for given applications.
Applications: individual dwellings (no diversity), large
buildings (all fittings of same type)
72.57 Describe the methods of calculating pipe sizes for
different systems.
Piped systems: cold water, hot water, heating, fire
fighting (hose reel, dry risers, wet risers, foam installations,
automatic sprinklers, deluge/drencher), open channels,
ground water drainage
72.58 Describe the method of carrying out calculations relating
to open and closed sewer pipe systems.
Calculations: sizing of storm sewers relative to
sanitary sewage pipe systems for a given population,
imposed loads on buried pipes, gradients to maintain
self cleaning velocities
Sound
72.59 Explain the characteristics of sound waves.
Characteristics: velocity, pitch, frequency, wave length,
intensity, pressure, loudness, temperature, medium,
reflection, refraction, defraction, interference
72.60 List the requirements for good room acoustics.
Requirements: adequate amount of sound to all
parts/areas, even distribution of the sound, adequate
insulation against outside noise, rate of decay of sound
(reverberation time), should be the optimum for the
required use of the room, avoidance of long delay echo

Syllabus: 2000 edition

72.61 Describe, with the aid of sketches, various methods of
absorbing sound.
Method: materials (fiberous, membrane), construction
(cavity resonators)
72.62 Compare the absorption coefficients of different
building materials.
Materials: plaster board on joists or studding, suspended
ceiling (gypsum or fiberous) with large air space above,
wood boards on joists or battens, wood-wool slabs
solidly mounted
72.63 State the factors, which influence noise measurements.
Factors: background noise, wind created velocity
gradients, temperature created velocity gradients
72.64 Explain how sound may be transmitted in a building by
different methods.
Methods: airborne, impact
72.65 Explain the various methods for achieving sound insulation
in a building.
Methods: airborne (mass of structure, completeness,
multiple/discontinuous construction, double/triple
glazing), impact (floating floors, suspended ceilings,
resilient mountings, insulation in floors, partitions)
72.66 Describe the method of calculating sound levels.
Calculations: using (sound power level, sound pressure
level), addition of sound levels, sound level for sources
having different sound power levels, weighting scales
72.67 Describe the method of calculating the level of absorption
within a given room/hall.
Calculations: use of absorption characteristics for
different materials, use of manufacturers’/published
absorption coefficients
72.68 Describe the method of calculating reverberation time
within a given room/hall.
Calculations: Sabine’s formula, Stevens and Bates
formula, room/hall (volume, shape, use), published
acoustical data for known types of room/hall
72.69 Describe the method of calculating the sound reduction
for a given building component.
Calculations: use of sound transmission index, published
sound reduction indices for different structural
components, 3rd octave band centre frequency
Artificial lighting
72.70 Describe, with the aid of diagrams, the relationship
between the units of illumination.
Units: steradian, lux, candela, illuminance, luminance

IVQ in Construction Industry 6165

72.71 Describe the method of calculating the required number
and arrangement of various luminaries to provide a level of
illumination that meets national or regional standards for a
given room or external area.
Calculation: lumen design method, space-height ratio,
published data/glare index, room index, luminaire
classification, efficiency of lamps chosen.
72.72 Explain, with the aid of a diagram, how the design of an
internal lighting scheme is affected by the geographical
location and climatic conditions relative to the
building concerned.
Design criteria: daylight, solar radiation, sky (clear,
overcast), internal/external reflected components,
influence of windows (size, shape, position, quantity)
72.73 List the factors involved in determining the
‘daylight factor’.
Factors: geographical location of building, data (uniform
overcast sky, standard overcast sky), internal illuminance,
external illuminance, sky component, externally reflected
component, internally reflected component
72.74 Explain the use of daylight protractors as a design tool.
Use: establish sky component in relation to (angular size of
windows, angle of incident light to the working plane,
angle of elevation of the patch of sky visible from a point on
the working plane)
72.75 Explain how the action of the human eye discerns
light and colour.
Action of the eye: light/image focussed through lens to
retina, cones/rod sensors send signal to brain
Light: Definition (that part of the electromagnetic
spectrum between ultra-violet and infra red radiation)
Colour: visible light as a mix of wavelengths between
370nm (violet) to 700nm (red)
72.76 Describe the causes of visual fatigue within the
working environment.
Causes: visual activity, workpiece/task too small, contrast
of workpiece/task too low, visual task moves, surface
texture, pattern of task, level of illuminance, glare,
reflection, colour rendering of light sources
72.77 List the factors within a working environment that may
contribute visual fatigue.
Factors: inadequate illuminance, too great a contrast
between task/background, discomfort/disability glare,
flicker from fluorescent lamps, psychological satisfaction
of an individual within the working environment
72.78 Describe the need to control glare when designing a
lighting scheme.
Glare: components (discomfort, disability, sky glare,
indirect/reflected glare), use of published data (glare
index values)

Heating and air conditioning requirements and design
72.79 Compare human body physiology with those
environmental variables, which influence body
heat balance.
Physiology: levels of activity (sleep, rest,
work, recreation), energy transfer (convection,
radiation, evaporation)
Environmental variables: air (temperature, velocity,
humidity), mean radiant temperature
72.80 Explain the need to relate workplace activity to the
workplace environment.
Activity: internal heat production (sleeping, seated at
rest, light bench work, moderate work, heavy work,
intermittent/sustained)
Environment: variables (air temperature, velocity, mean
radiant temperature)
72.81 Describe the methods of carrying out calculations for
‘whole body comfort checks’.
Methods: use of published data, Fanger’s comfort criteria,
personal variables, environmental variables
72.82 List the parameters for ‘Fanger’s Comfort Criteria’.
Parameters: personal variables (metabolic rate at activity
level, thermal resistance of clothing), environmental
variables (air dry bulb temperature, mean radiant
temperature, air velocity, humidity)
72.83 Explain how published data are used when calculating
thermal transmission losses for a building (whole or part).
Thermal losses: published data (roofs, floors, walls, doors,
windows, ventilation, types of structure, location, climate)
72.84 Explain the methods of calculating heat emission from
installed systems and building components.
Installed systems: pipework, radiators, convectors,
radiant strip heaters, high temperature radiant panels,
forced convectors, ducted air
Building components: installed in ceilings (embedded, in
suspended ceiling voids), embedded in floors/walls
72.85 Describe, with the aid of diagrams, methods of
reducing thermal transmission losses through a
building’s structural components.
Methods: foil backed (boards, felt), composite board,
cavity structure/infill (air, foam, mineral fibre, vermiculite,
glass wool/fibre), double/triple glazing, suspended ceilings
72.86 List methods of reducing thermal transmission through
internal walls.
Methods: aluminium backed plasterboard fixed to
treated timber battens, plasterboard fixed to treated
timber battens with insulation filling the cavity, composite
board of plasterboard laminated to an insulant fixed to the
wall with an adhesive

72.87 List methods of reducing thermal transmission through
external walls.
Methods: cavity (air, foam, blown mineral fibre, expanded
polystyrene bead, sheet of water-repellant insulant
laminated to fixing with a waterproof render)
72.88 List methods of reducing thermal transmission through
roof voids.
Methods: bitumastic felt with aluminium foil, loose fill
insulation, glass fibre blanket
72.89 List methods of reducing thermal transmission
through windows.
Methods: double glazing, triple glazing, special glass
72.90 List methods of reducing thermal transmission
through floors.
Methods: concrete floors (thermal insulation boards
between waterproof membrane/floor screed), perimeter
insulation, timber floors (glass wool infill/plugging, fibre
glass quilting to form further void)
72.91 Describe different heating systems for domestic premises
and large buildings.
Domestic: one pipe, two pipe, small bore, microbore,
ducted air
Large buildings: pumped, mixer valves, reversed return,
pressurised, recirculation of air heated by installed
equipment (eg luminaires), group/district distribution from
central boiler house
72.92 Describe in detail the parameters for costing a
heating project.
Parameters: quantity preferential discounts (equipment,
materials), delivery charges (air, sea, road), labour rates for
different grades of staff, transport, plant, subsistence,
accommodation, overheads, insurance, profit
Air conditioning
72.93 List the information required prior to selecting a single
zone packaged air conditioning unit f or installation.
Information: design loads (heating, cooling) with
cooling loads (sensible heat, latent heat), design
temperature conditions (external, internal), condition
of air entering the unit (where outside air is mixed with
room air), projected extreme operating conditions,
location of plant, any special considerations (filtration,
corrosive atmosphere, flammable atmosphere),
acceptable noise levels (external, internal)
72.94 List the various types of single zone packaged air
conditioning systems.
Types: window, console, roof, ceiling void, high side wall
mounted, wall mounted condensing unit, cassette unit
72.95 Describe, with the aid of a diagram, one type of single zone
packaged air conditioning unit.
Types: window, console, roof, ceiling void, high side wall
mounted, wall mounted condensing unit, cassette unit

Syllabus: 2000 edition

72.96 Describe the method of calculating the size of ducts for a
given air conditioning system.
Requirements: published data (duct sizing charts),
application (residential, commercial, industrial), layout,
diffusers (number, type, size, air volume), index circuit of
system, lengths of ducts, bends, intersections
72.97 Describe the method for designing an air conditioning
system for a given application.
Application: domestic premises, private office, small
shop sited at the corner of a building, small restaurant,
commercial garage, engineering workshop

IVQ in Construction Industry 6165

Building Services Technology 4

Practical competences

72.107

Examine the types of systems generally available for
ventilating and air conditioning.
Types: single zone systems with 100% fresh air, single
zone systems with recirculation, multiple zone systems,
terminal re-heat systems, dual duct and hot deck/cold
deck systems, induction/fan coil systems, variable air
volume systems

72.108

List the problems likely to be encountered with ductwork
in ventilating and air conditioning installations.
Problems: insulation, leakage, noise, vibration,
sound attenuation

72.109

Describe the considerations for the zoning of buildings
to meet functional requirements.
Considerations: size of zone, maintenance of zones,
location (grills, diffusers, sensors, controls), thermal
response of types of structure, energy management

72.110

Explain the need for effective maintenance and access
to plant equipment.
Maintenance: repair (electrical, mechanical), changing
air filters, air cleaning pads, planned maintenance,
preventative maintenance

The candidate must be able to do the following:
72.98

Investigate the relationship between the design and
function of building services installations.

72.99

Investigate and prepare a report on the main design
considerations for building services installations to
meet the needs of established laws, regulations and
standards in the country of study.

72.100

72.101

Prepare a report on the uses and limitations of a range of
building services installations giving consideration to
maintenance costs and cost-in-use.
Produce an overall programme to show the stages
at which consideration must be given to the influence
of building services on other building components
and finishes.

72.102

Produce a flow chart with a systematic and logical
approach to the sequence of operations of installations
throughout the construction of a building.

72.103

Illustrate, by means of annotated and dimensioned
drawings and sketches, an understanding of the
knowledge requirements of the unit.

72.104

Prepare lists of materials, components and sequences of
operations illustrating an understanding of the unit.

72.105

Develop a safety, health and welfare policy for a specific
site based on existing legislation to give consideration to
installation and other site personnel, building user,
general public and adjacent property for building
services installations during construction and after
commissioning of the building.

Space heating
72.111 Compare heating systems for more complex and multi
storey buildings.
Compare: range of energy sources, distribution
systems, flexibility in use, costs, requirements (location,
space), fuel (storage, handling)
72.112

Describe the feasibility and cost implications of heating
systems for various types of site.
Sites: total, group, district

72.113

Describe alternative energy sources which are currently
being explored and adopted.
Sources: generators (heat, power), heat recovery
systems, solar power, geothermal energy,
wind generators

72.114

Describe the economic relationship between improved
thermal insulation and building performance in terms of
heating installations.
Economic relationship: energy (cost, quantity), source
required, reduced size (plant, ducting, pipe size), less
emission to atmosphere, less environmental pollution

Knowledge requirements
The instructor must ensure the candidate is able to:
Ventilating and air conditioning
72.106 Describe the factors to be considered when designing
ventilating and air conditioning systems.
Factors: size of building, internal requirements
(temperature, humidity), external range (temperature,
humidity), control requirements (overall, localised),
thermal insulation of building structure, air cleanliness
(input points, extract points), number of occupants

Electrical/electronics
72.115 Describe the likely requirements for the provision of
electrical supplies to more complex buildings in relation
to existing regulations.
Requirements: on site substations, tapped
systems (cable, busbar), rising main systems,
conduit, tray, trunking, distribution boards,
switchgear, protective enclosures

Syllabus: 2000 edition

72.116

List and describe locations where extra low voltage
and/or special provision may be needed.
Locations: car parks, plant rooms, fuel stores, hospital
operating theatres, pathology laboratories,
experimental laboratories

72.117

Describe the likely requirements for various systems.
Systems: fire (detection, alarm), emergency
lighting, security
Requirements: fire resistant, independent of
main installation, vandal proof, tamper proof,
location, accessibility, audibility of alarms, location
of emergency lighting

72.118

Describe the considerations when designing
electronic control and energy management
systems in relationship to the basic
electrical/electronic installations in a building.
Considerations: compatibility with basic supply,
independence from basic supply, other electrical
services, cable systems, outlet provision, floor systems
(modular, integrated)

72.119

Explain the requirements for protecting electrical and
electronic supplies from lightning.
Requirements: lightning risk index, terminal
devices, zones of protection, down conductors,
earth terminators

72.120

Describe the likely requirements and functions of
mechanical transportation systems.
Requirements/functions: lift installations (planning,
zoning), round trip time, number of lifts, waiting
intervals, escalators (speed of operation)

72.121

List the design and installation requirements for the
mechanical transportation systems related to goods,
documentation and catering lifts.

Co-ordination
72.122 Describe the processes which allow co-ordination
of building services at all stages of the building and
occupation cycle.
Processes: integrated design team, client,
liaison (designer, main contractor),
sub-contractor relationships
72.123

Detail the considerations relating to the space and
loading requirements of service installations during
design and construction stages.

72.124

Explain the need for fully co-ordinated drawings and
details at all stages of the construction process.

IVQ in Construction Industry 6165

72.125

Describe the management processes during which the
services installation expert must be involved.
Processes: planning (long term, short term),
sequencing of installation into ducts/spaces, access
(testing, commissioning, maintenance), techniques
(handling, installation), components (delivery, storage)

72.126

Explain the need for handover documentation and
training for the client’s employees after commissioning
and before taking over the running/maintenance of
the plant.

Assessment

Test specification for written paper
Building Services, Science and
Technology (6165-30-072)
This is a written paper lasting three hours with 10 questions.
Candidates must answer all questions.

Topic

Approximate %
examination
weighting

Building services science 4
Building services technology 4

50
50

Syllabus: 2000 edition

72 Building Services Science 4

Practical competences

72.13 Carry out calculations related to open and closed
pipe systems.

The candidate must be able to do the following:
Water systems
72.1 Carry out a field survey to identify sources of
water supply.
72.2 Carry out tests on water samples.
72.3 Research and prepare a report on the factors that
influence the quality of untreated water supplies
within the local or national region.
72.4 Research and prepare a report on water treatment
methods and waste collection systems in the country
of study.
72.5 Draw a driven rain index map for the region/country
of study, showing exposure gradings.
72.6 Research those aspects of building design
that are influenced by precipitation or a high
humidity environment.
72.7 Draw a diagram to show how a mains water
distribution system is piped to users from a
service reservoir.
72.8 Carry out calculations related to stored water
systems for a range of buildings.
72.9 Calculate flow rates at sanitary fittings for
given applications.

72.14 Measure the flow rate of waste water in an open
channel using a Parshall flume.
Sound
72.15 Draw waveforms to illustrate the nature
and propagation of sound waves through
various mediums.
72.16 Use sound wave diagrams to indicate the
properties of sound.
72.17 Use a sound meter to measure the levels and
intensity of sound.
72.18 Conduct an experiment to determine the velocity
of sound using a resonance tube.
72.19 Conduct an experiment to determine the
velocity of sound in and the modulus of brass
using Kundt’s tube.
72.20 Conduct experiments to determine
Young’s modulus of elasticity for concrete.
72.21 Use a sound level meter to measure sound
pressure levels and sound levels.
72.22 Measure L10 levels of traffic noise using a
sound level meter.
72.23 Conduct an experiment to determine the way in
which loudness varies with frequency.

72.10 Calculate pipe sizes for different systems.
72.11 Carry out calculations related to pressurised
supply systems, open channels and ground
water drainage.
72.12 Measure the pressure of water in a
pressurised system.

72.24 Conduct an experiment to measure the airborne
sound insulation of a partition.
72.25 Conduct an experiment to measure the impact
sound insulation of a floor.
Artificial lighting
72.26 Produce diagrams to show the relationship between
the units of illumination.

This is to confirm that the candidate has successfully completed the above tasks:
Candidate signature
Candidate name (please print)
Instructor signature
Instructor name (please print)
Completion date

IVQ in Construction Industry 6165

72.27 Carry out calculations involving different lighting
laws and methods
72.28 Produce diagrams to show the relationship between
various illuminance factors due to daylight and
permanent supplementary artificial lighting in a
room or office.

Air conditioning
72.39 Calculate, using published data, the cooling load
for a single zone system in an area of less than 300m2,
in order to provide ‘comfort conditioning’ within a
building located in the region/area of study.
72.40 Carry out calculations in designing an air conditioning
system for a given application.

72.29 Conduct a survey to establish the luminous values of
surfaces within a room.
72.30 Conduct an experiment to plot a polar curve using a
model lamp fitting.
72.31 Produce diagrams to show the relationship between
wavelength, colour and the human eye.
72.32 Carry out calculations to establish the glare index
for a lighting scheme.
Heating and air conditioning requirements and design
72.33 Calculate ‘whole body’ comfort checks as a
design requirement using the ‘Resultant
temperature’ method.
72.34 Calculate ‘whole body’ comfort checks as a design
requirement using the ‘Fanger’s Criteria’ method.
72.35 Calculate heat losses through different
building components.
72.36 Calculate heat emission from installed systems and
building components.
72.37 Draw heating circuit diagrams for
different systems.
72.38 Use manufacturers’ published data to quantify
and cost materials and equipment for a proposed
heating scheme within a chosen building.

This is to confirm that the candidate has successfully completed the above tasks:
Candidate signature
Candidate name (please print)
Instructor signature
Instructor name (please print)
Completion date

Syllabus: 2000 edition

72 Building Services Technology 4

Practical competences
The candidate must be able to do the following:
72.98

Investigate the relationship between the design and
function of building services installations.

72.99

Investigate and prepare a report on the main design
considerations for building services installations to
meet the needs of established laws, regulations and
standards in the country of study.

72.100

Prepare a report on the uses and limitations
of a range of building services installations
giving consideration to maintenance costs
and cost-in-use.

72.101

Produce an overall programme to show the stages
at which consideration must be given to the influence
of building services on other building components
and finishes.

72.102

Produce a flow chart with a systematic and
logical approach to the sequence of operations
of installations throughout the construction
of a building.

72.103

Illustrate, by means of annotated and dimensioned
drawings and sketches, an understanding of the
knowledge requirements of the unit.

72.104

Prepare lists of materials, components and
sequences of operations illustrating an
understanding of the unit.

72.105

Develop a safety, health and welfare policy for a specific
site based on existing legislation to give consideration
to installation and other site personnel, building user,
general public and adjacent property for building
services installations during construction and after
commissioning of the building.

This is to confirm that the candidate has successfully completed the above tasks:
Candidate signature
Candidate name (please print)
Instructor signature
Instructor name (please print)
Completion date

IVQ in Construction Industry 6165

73 Structural Elements, Geology, Soil Mechanics and Hydraulics 4 –
Summary of syllabus sections

Page 56

Structural Elements 4
(Objectives 73.1 to 73.20)
The aim of this unit is to provide an understanding of
the underlying factors which underpin the design of
simple structural elements.
Note: Candidates must have satisfactorily studied the
unit ‘Structural Mechanics’ (Level 3) or its equivalent
before embarking on this course of study.
This unit requires candidates to carry out the design
of the following structural elements and where
appropriate compare designs with those obtained
using computer software packages.

Page 58

Geology, Soil Mechanics and Hydraulics 4
(Objectives 73.21 to 73.79)
The aim of this unit is to develop a basic
understanding of:
a
b
c
d

the origins and composition of minerals and rocks
the structure classification and engineering
properties of engineering soils
fluids at rest and in motion and there effects on
other bodies
the operating principles of hydraulic machinery
and pumping head calculation methods.

Syllabus: 2000 edition

Structural Elements 4

Practical competences
The candidate must be able to do the following:
73.1

Carry out the design of restrained and unrestrained
steel beams.
Design: loadings, steel grades, ultimate bending stresses
for degree of restraint, bending, shear, deflection, bearing,
web buckling

73.2 Carry out the design of axially loaded universal columns
and those subject to eccentric loading.
Design: end fixity, effective length, radius of gyration,
slenderness ratio, steel grades, ultimate load capacity
73.3 Carry out the design of slab and built up bases for axially
loaded steel columns.
Design: ground loadings (ultimate, permissible), plate
thickness, shaft end specification, holding down bolts, fillet
welds, base size (no bending)
73.4 Carry out the design of solid reinforced concrete slabs.
Design: loadings, concrete (mixes, strength), steel (types,
strength), bending, shear, deflection, bond, curtailment,
steel areas (minimum, maximum), slab detail
73.5 Carry out the design of singly reinforced concrete beams.
Design: loadings, concrete (mixes, strength), steel
(types, strength), bending, shear, deflection, bond,
curtailment, steel areas (minimum, maximum), links,
bent up shear reinforcement
73.6 Carry out the design of short axially loaded reinforced
concrete columns, and those subject to eccentric loading.
Design: braced members, influence of end condition,
slenderness ratio limits (short columns), minimum
eccentricity, steel reinforcement, steel areas (maximum,
minimum), link reinforcement, column details
73.7 Carry out the design of mass concrete and reinforced strip
and pad foundations.
Design: loadings from (walls, columns), limit state
(bending, shear, allowable bearing capacity), critical
sections (bonding, shear), steel reinforcement
(concentration zones), bond, anchorage, base details
73.8 Carry out the design of axially loaded solid masonry walls.
Design: mortar strengths, restraints, effective length,
effective height, effective width, slenderness ratio,
capacity reduction factor, ultimate load capacity/metre

73.9 Carry out the design of eccentricity loaded cavity walls.
Design: ultimate loadings, effective height, effective
length, effective thickness, lateral support, slenderness
ratio, capacity reduction factor, eccentricity ratio, ultimate
load capacity/metre
73.10 Carry out the design of timber joists given loadings and
span conditions.
Design: material (types, size, gradings, associated
strengths), influence of ‘K’ factors, bending, shear,
deflection, bearing
73.11 Carry out the design of axially loaded timber compression
members of a typical roof truss or a vertical member of a
stud wall, given length and end conditions.
Design: timber grade, permissible compressive strength,
end conditions, effective length, slenderness ratio,
modification factor for compression, ratio of modulus of
elasticity to compressive stress

Knowledge requirements
The instructor must ensure the candidate is able to:
73.12 Explain the use of the relevant standard codes of practice,
design handbooks and computer software applications
with respect to the design in various structural materials.
Use: loadings (dead, imposed, wind), pressures (earth,
water), limit states, load factors, material factors, design
strengths, sectional properties, stability implications,
durability, fire protection
Materials: structural steel, reinforced concrete, masonry
walls, structural timber
73.13 Explain the basic factors that affect the design of
simple steel beams, columns and associated slab
and built up bases.
Factors: steel (grades, associated strengths), universal
sections (shape, size, strength, efficiency), classification
with respect to behaviour at ultimate load, flexural
members (restrained/unrestrained), ultimate bending
resistance, ultimate shear resistance, deflection criteria
(basic ratios modification factors), bearing, web buckling,
compression members (braced/unbraced definitions,
influence of end conditions, effective length, slenderness
ratio, ultimate load capacity), base-plates (thickness,
holding down (H.D.) bolts, shaft end specification welding),
fire protection
73.14 Describe the method for designing simple steel beams,
columns and associated slabs/built up bases taking into
account the factors included in 73.13 above.

IVQ in Construction Industry 6165

73.15 Explain the basic factors that affect the design of simple
slabs, beams, columns and bases of solid reinforced
concrete sections.
Factors: steel/concrete (grades, types, strength),
members (shape, size, strength, efficiency), flexural
members (ultimate bending resistance, ultimate shear
resistance), deflection criteria (basic ratios modification
factors), compression members (braced/unbraced
definitions, influence of end conditions, effective length,
slenderness ratio, ultimate load capacity), durability, fire
resistance, steel areas (maximum, minimum),
reinforcement (bond, curtailment rules, member sketches)
73.16 Describe the method for designing simple slabs, beams,
columns and bases of solid reinforced concrete sections
taking into account the factors included in 73.15 above.
73.17 Explain the basic factors that affect the design of
masonry walls.
Factors: masonry units/mortars (types, qualities, grades),
relationship (unit strength, mortar strength, wall strength),
restraint details (simple, enhanced), influence on strength
of wall (effective length, effective height, effective width),
eccentric loading (effect, design considerations)
73.18 Describe the method for designing masonry walls taking
into account the factors included in 73.17 above.
73.19 Explain the factors that affect the design of
structural timber.
Factors: material (types, size, grading, associated
strengths), influence of ‘K’ factors (load duration, load
sharing, buckling), maximum depth to breadth ratios,
flexural members (bending, shear, deflection bearing),
compression members (end fixity, effective length,
slenderness ratio, ratio of modulus of elasticity to
compressive stress, ultimate load capacity)
Timber: beams, columns, struts, ties
73.20 Describe the method for designing structural timber taking
into account the factors included in 73.19 above.
Timber: beams, columns, struts, ties

Syllabus: 2000 edition

Geology, Soil Mechanics and Hydraulics 4

Practical competences

Properties: mean density, relative density, specific
weight, viscosity

The candidate must be able to do the following:
Geology and soil mechanics

73.30 Use instruments in the field/laboratory to measure
fluid pressure intensities and solve problems involving
fluid pressures.
Instruments: piezometer, manometer, pressure gauge,
electrical transducer

73.21 Participate in a geological field trip and record important
features in a report.
Field trip: duration (minimum 2 days)
Features: eg examine exposed rock faces, interpret
geological periods, examine (bedding, dip, strike, cline,
folds, slip), rock formations (settlement, drift), obtain rock
samples for examination (field, laboratory), examine in-situ
rock (weathering, erosional process, depositional features)
Report: specific headings

73.32 Carry out experiments to verify Archimedes Principle.

73.22 Examine geological maps and investigate the features of
the area.
Features: bedding, dip, strike, cline, folds, faults, slip

73.33 Examine the stability factors of floating bodies.
Floating bodies: eg cylinders, model boats
Factors: centre of gravity, metacentre, metacentric height

73.23 Participate in a soil site investigation borehole
exploration and label soil samples to the
recommended method of description.
Description: relative density, colour, structure/texture,
adjectival constituents, principle soil type, additional
information (eg historical burial site, disused lime pit),
sample types (disturbed, undisturbed), sampling methods,
water table, borehole log

73.34 Carry out experiments to demonstrate various
types of flow.
Types of flow: steady uniform, steady non-uniform,
laminar, turbulent, indicator (Reynold’s number)

73.24 Examine and identify a range of minerals and rock types.
Minerals (rock forming): quartz, mica, feldspares, calcite
Rocks: igneous (granite, basalt, dolerite, andersite,
gabbro, rhyolite, syenite), sedimentary (limestone,
sandstone, mudstone, shale, conglomerate),
metamorphic (slate, schist)

73.31 Carry out calculations to find the pressures and
forces on submerged surfaces due to fluids at rest.
Pressure: hydrostatic, centre of pressure
Submerged surfaces: eg retaining walls, valve gates

73.35 Use equations to solve problems associated with fluid flow.
Equations: continuity, Bernoulli, momentum
73.36 Solve problems involving gravity flow in pipe networks
for specified energy loss positions, taking into account
various factors.
Pipe networks: methods (head balance, gravity balance)
Energy loss positions: entry, mid pipe, pipe exit
Factors: friction losses, Darcy’s Law
73.37 Solve problems associated with sudden valve closure.

73.25 Carry out a visual inspection to identify and describe
various soil types.
Description: relative density, colour, structure/texture,
adjectival constituents, principle soil type
73.26 Determine in a laboratory the properties of a range of soil
samples.
Soils: gravels, sands, clays, silts
Properties: moisture content, density, specific gravity,
particle size distribution
73.27 Carry out tests to establish the engineering properties for
a range of soils.
Tests: shear box, unconfined compression, vane
Soils: sands, clays, silts
73.28 Carry out compaction tests on soils.
Soil: sand
Test: proctor
Hydraulics
73.29 Carry out experiments or associated calculations to find
basic fluid properties.

IVQ in Construction Industry 6165

73.38 State the operating principles of hydraulic machinery and
carry out pump head calculations.
73.39 Use equations to calculate flow depths in open channels
for specified sections and Manning coefficients.
Equations: Chezy, Manning
Depths of flow: normal, critical, hydraulic jump
73.40 Examine various methods for the measurement of fluid
flow in pipelines and open channels using equations.
Methods: venturi meter, orifice plate
Equations: Bernoulli energy, coefficient of discharge (Cd)

Knowledge requirements
The instructor must ensure the candidate is able to:
Geology and soil mechanics
73.41 Describe the composition, properties and occurrence of
commonly encountered minerals and rocks and comment
on their origins.
Minerals (rock forming): quartz, mica, feldspares, calcite
Rocks: igneous (granite, basalt, dolerite, andersite,
gabbro, rhyolite, syenite), sedimentary (limestone,
sandstone, mudstone, shale, conglomerate),
metamorphic (slate, schist)
73.42 Explain the denudation and deposition of rock
material by natural agencies and the development
of relevant landforms.
Natural agencies: weathering (erosional
processes, depositional features), glacial/fluviative
(profiles of landforms)
73.43 Describe various types of geological maps and explain the
structural implications with regard to major excavations
and foundation design.
Structural implications: bedding, dip strike, cline,
fold, faults, slip, settlement, drift, difficulty of
excavation, fragmentation
73.44 Describe the principle soil classification methods and
explain fundamental soil properties.
Classification methods: particle size analysis,
consistency limits, A-line clays/silts
Properties: dry, bulk, saturated, submerged densities,
voids ratio, porosity, moisture content, specific cavity,
use of soil model
73.45 Describe the nature of soil stresses and the movement of
water through soils.
Soil stresses: pressure (total, effective, neutral)
Movement of water: soil permeability, hydraulic
gradient, flow of water through soils, simple flow nets for
single sheet pile cofferdam
73.46 Explain the shear strength of soils and the mechanics of
soil friction and cohesion.
Shear strength: importance of shear strength, Mohr’s
circle, shear failure for various soil types (C, φ, C/φ), shear
strength envelope, formula for shear strength, shear
testing with different drainage conditions
73.47 Explain the reasons for soil compaction.
Reasons: difference between soil
compaction/consolidation, influence of compaction
on soil properties, test for relationship between
moisture content/soil density, optimum moisture
content, compaction (plant, methods for cohesive/non
cohesive soils)

73.48 Explain the basic principles of soil consolidation.
Principles: Teraghi’s model, consolidation (magnitude,
rate), application to simple pad foundation given various
load increases/soil properties
73.49 Describe the nature of lateral pressure which can exist
within a soil mass.
Nature: Rankine theory of active/passive pressures,
Coulomb wedge theory, method of determining lateral
forces on a structure (calculations, drawings), influence of
ground water
73.50 Describe the various methods of site investigation.
Methods: trial pits, hand auger, rotary boring, percussion
rig boring
Site investigations: scope, safety implications,
limitations, sampling methods (disturbed, undisturbed),
observations, borehole logging, soil description, sample
labelling, site testing methods (vane, standard
penetration, plate bearing tests), compilation of a site
investigation report (sections), recommendations (bearing
capacity, settlement)
Hydraulics
73.51 Explain basic fluid properties.
Properties: mean density, relative density, specific
weight, specific volume, viscosity, kinematic viscosity,
vapour pressure, surface tension, capillarity
73.52 Explain fluid pressure.
Fluid pressure: pressure intensity, absolute pressure,
gauge pressure, atmospheric pressure
73.53 Explain how pressure varies with depth in a liquid.
73.54 Describe the various methods of using instruments to
measure fluid pressure.
Instruments: piezometers, manometers, pressure
gauges, electrical transducers
73.55 Explain the principle of uniform and varying pressure
intensities on submerged surfaces.
73.56 Explain the force exerted by a liquid on a submerged
plane area and its resulant position.
Force: hydrostatic pressure
Resulatant position: centre of pressure
73.57 Explain hoop/circumferential tension due to
liquid pressure.
73.58 Explain the principle of Archimedes.
73.59 Explain the stability of submerged bodies.
Stability: stable, unstable, neutral, equilibrium

Syllabus: 2000 edition

73.60 Explain the principle factors relating to the stability
of floating bodies.
Factors: centre of gravity, metacentre,
metacentric, height

73.75 Explain the equations used for finding the depth of flow in
open channels.
Depths: normal, critical
Equations: Chezy, Manning

73.61 Explain the factors involved in fluid flow.
Factors: viscosity, boundary layer, velocity,
pressure, density
Flow types: steady, unsteady

73.76 Explain the principles of Downdraw and Backwater curves.

73.62 Explain flow patterns.
Flow patterns: one/two/three dimensional
73.63 Explain the factors affecting velocity distribution
across a flow.
Factors: friction losses, boundary condition
73.64 Explain laminar and turbulent states of flow and how they
may be determined.
Determination: Reynold’s number
73.65 Explain the use of equations for analysing fluid flow.
Equations: continuity, Bernoulli, momentum
73.66 Explain the value of pipelines compared with
open channels.
73.67 Explain the basics of pipe flow head loss.
Losses: pipe entry, mid pipe length, pipe exit
73.68 Explain the principle of Darcy’s Law.
Principle: pipe friction losses
73.69 Explain pipe fittings.
Fittings: on/off sluice valves, control valves, air release
valves, desilting valves
73.70 Explain methods of solving pipe networks.
Methods: head balance, gravity balance
73.71 Explain the factors affecting unsteady flow rates.
Factors: sudden valve closure, slow valve closure
73.72 Explain methods of reducing unsteady flow.
Methods: pipe strength, valve closure time periods, flap
valves, surge tanks
73.73 Explain the operating principles of hydraulic machinery.
Machinery: hydraulic presses/lifts, hydraulic ram, pumps
(reciprocating, centrifugal)
73.74 Explain pumping head calculations
Calculations: suction head, delivery head, pipe
flow losses

IVQ in Construction Industry 6165

73.77 Explain the principle of hydraulic jump.
73.78 Explain measurement of pressure in pipe flow.
Devices: venturi meter, simple orifice plate
73.79 Explain the methods of measuring of flow rates in
open channels.
Methods: weirs, velocity area gauging

Assessment

Test specification for written paper
Structural Elements, Geology, Soil
Mechanics and Hydraulics 4 (6165-30-073)
This is a written paper lasting three hours with 10 questions.
Candidates must answer all questions.

Topic

Approximate %
examination
weighting

Structural elements
Geology and soil mechanics
Hydraulics

30
40
30

Syllabus: 2000 edition

73 Structural Elements 4

Practical competences
The candidate must be able to do the following:
73.1

Carry out the design of restrained and unrestrained
steel beams.

73.2 Carry out the design of axially loaded universal
columns and those subject to eccentric loading.
73.4 Carry out the design of solid reinforced
concrete slabs.
73.5 Carry out the design of singly reinforced
concrete beams.
73.6 Carry out the design of short axially loaded
reinforced concrete columns, and those subject
to eccentric loading.
73.7 Carry out the design of mass concrete and
reinforced strip and pad foundations.
73.8 Carry out the design of axially loaded solid
masonry walls.
73.9 Carry out the design of eccentricity loaded
cavity walls.
73.10 Carry out the design of timber joist given loadings
and span conditions.
73.11 Carry out the design of axially loaded timber
compression members of a typical roof truss
or a vertical member of a stud wall, given
length and end conditions.

This is to confirm that the candidate has successfully completed the above tasks:
Candidate signature
Candidate name (please print)
Instructor signature
Instructor name (please print)
Completion date

IVQ in Construction Industry 6165

73 Geology, Soil Mechanics and Hydraulics 4

Practical competences

73.33 Examine the stability factors of floating bodies.

The candidate must be able to do the following:

73.34 Carry out experiments to demonstrate various
types of flow.

Geology and soil mechanics
73.21 Participate in a geological field trip and record
important features in a report.
73.22 Examine geological maps and investigate the
features of the area.

73.35 Use equations to solve problems associated
with fluid flow.
73.36 Solve problems involving gravity flow in pipe
networks for specified energy loss positions,
taking into account various factors.

73.23 Participate in a soil site investigation borehole
exploration and label soil samples to the
recommended method of description.

73.37 Solve problems associated with sudden
valve closure.

73.24 Examine and identify a range of minerals and
rock types.

73.38 State the operating principles of hydraulic machinery
and carry out pump head calculations.

73.25 Carry out a visual inspection to identify and describe
various soil types.

73.39 Use equations to calculate flow depths in
open channels for specified sections and
Manning coefficients.

73.26 Determine in a laboratory the properties of a range
of soil samples.
73.27 Carry out tests to establish the engineering
properties for a range of soils.

73.40 Examine various methods for the measurement
of fluid flow in pipelines and open channels
using equations.

73.28 Carry out compaction tests on soils.
Hydraulics
73.29 Carry out experiments or associated calculations
to find basic fluid properties.
73.30 Use instruments in the field/laboratory to
measure fluid pressure intensities and solve
problems involving fluid pressures.
73.31 Carry out calculations to find the pressures and forces
on submerged surfaces due to fluids at rest.
73.32 Carry out experiments to verify
Archimedes Principle

This is to confirm that the candidate has successfully completed the above tasks:
Candidate signature
Candidate name (please print)
Instructor signature
Instructor name (please print)
Completion date

Syllabus: 2000 edition

74 Architectural Design 4 –
Summary of syllabus sections

Page 65

Architectural Detailing 4
(Objectives 74.1 to 74.21)
The aim of this unit is to enable candidates to gain
competence in the:
a
b
c

Page 66

preparation of detailed architectural drawings
preparation of specialist and fitting out drawings
identification of the legal considerations involved.

Computer Aided Design (CAD) 4
(Objectives 74.22 to 74.62)
The aim of this unit is to enable candidates to
complement the traditional skills and principles
covered in Architectural Detailing 4.

IVQ in Construction Industry 6165

Architectural Design 4

Practical competences
The candidate must be able to do the following:
74.1

Carry out a survey of a multi-storey building and of a
development site, recording all necessary measurements
and data.
Multi-storey: minimum 3 storeys

74.2 Plot survey information to scale to produce an
‘as existing’ drawing.
74.3 Produce a detailed cross-section through a typical local
multi-storey structure from foundation level to roof,
showing all constructional details to enable the building to
be approved, costed and constructed.
Multi-storey: minimum 3 storeys
74.4 Produce plans and elevations of a multi-storey
structure to enable the building to be approved,
costed and constructed.
Multi-storey: minimum 3 storeys
74.5 Produce a detailed scale drawing of a
complex component.
Component: eg staircase, built-in kitchen unit.
74.6 Produce a services drawing for a simple electrical and
mechanical engineering services system.
74.7 Produce a material schedule for typical components.
Components: eg doors, windows, kitchen units,
ironmongery, lintels
74.8 Produce a finishes schedule.

74.13 Describe the techniques of surveying and
recording information.
Techniques/recording information: surveys (building,
chain, traverse), recording/booking of measurements
74.14 Describe the selection of the appropriate scale
for the plotting of survey drawings and identify
plotting techniques.
Plotting techniques: manual, computer-based
74.15 Identify the building elements that should be included in
setting out drawings.
Elements: site, foundations, frame,
structure, components, dimensions,
tolerances, modular coordination
74.16 Describe the use and purpose of furniture and
fixture details.
Use/purpose: manufacture, location
74.17 Describe the use and purpose of construction
component details.
Use/purpose: manufacture, fixing
74.18 Describe the systems used for the costing of buildings at
the design stage.
Systems: cost per m2, approximate estimating for
feasibility purposes
74.19 Explain the basic electrical and mechanical engineering
services requirements for a building.
Services: lighting, heating, water, drainage, air
conditioning, ventilation, ducting, lifts, escalators,
fire-fighting equipment, security
equipment, telecommunications

74.10 Prepare a report on the national/local regulations
controlling building construction.

74.20 Identify the component parts of building
services drawings.
Component parts: pipe/cable runs, ducts, fittings,
controls, symbols

74.11 Produce estimates for design schemes.
Estimates: cost per m2, approximate estimate for
feasibility purposes

74.21 Describe the methods/formats for producing schedules
both manually and by the use of computers.
Methods/formats: spreadsheets, databases, matrices

74.9 Produce a drawing sheet checklist.

Knowledge requirements
The instructor must ensure the candidate is able to:
74.12 Identify and describe the use of equipment required to
undertake a survey.
Equipment: tapes, level, staff, theodolite, camera, folding
rule, binoculars, pen knife, torch, inspection chamber keys,
folding ladder, plumb bob

Syllabus: 2000 edition

Computer Aided Design (CAD) 4

Practical competences
The candidate must be able to do the following:
File management
74.22 Prepare directories for use with a particular job and
sequentially list the contents of the directories.

Blocks and symbols
74.39 Create a library of blocks or symbols to be used both on a
single drawing and also for use in other drawings.
74.40 Insert blocks and symbols into a drawing to a specified
position at different scales and rotations.
74.41 Insert a bitmap image into a drawing.

74.23 Copy, rename and delete files in both the operating system
and within the CAD programme.
74.24 Operate a CAD programme.
74.25 Prepare at least three typical prototype/template drawings.
Prototype/template drawings: eg A4, A3, A2
74.26 Set up a drawing size appropriate to the job to be drawn.
74.27 Apply ‘system variables’ to show different
presentation methods.
System variables: eg attdia, aperture, tilemode,
UCSICON, dimaso, skpoly
74.28 Use ‘drawing aids’ within the CAD programme to show
different drawing methods and speed drawing.
Drawing aids: isometric style, snap, grid, ortho,
object snap
Drawing techniques
74.29 Apply absolute, relative and polar coordinate entry
methods to execute a series of drawings.

Dimensioning
74.42 Modify and update system variables settings.
System variables: eg associated dimensions, dimension
font (type, size), text position, arrow sizes, tick sizes
74.43 Dimension a drawing to show various information.
Information: horizontal, vertical, aligned, angular, radius,
diameter, rotated
Display of drawing
74.44 Display the entire drawing on the screen.
74.45 Demonstrate the ‘pan’ and ‘zoom’ facilities by moving to
different parts of the drawing.
74.46 Create views of particular parts of the drawing and
subsequently restore those views as required.
Plotting
74.47 Prepare a plotter or printer for use.
74.48 Produce a hard copy of the drawing on the plotter or
printer to an appropriate scale.

74.30 Use keyboard and pointing devices create a drawing.
74.49 Produce a plot file of the required drawing.
74.31 Create appropriate layers with different colours
and linetypes.

Knowledge requirements

74.32 Remove unused blocks, symbols, layers, levels, linetypes
and text styles.

The instructor must ensure the candidate is able to:

74.33 Enter text using different styles derived from
standard fonts.

File management
74.50 Describe the techniques for setting up directories
and folders.

74.34 Enter text using different orientations and sizes.
74.35 Import text from a word-processed document.
74.36 Modify existing drawn items.
Modify: eg extend, trim, chamfer, fillet, scale, change
colour, change linetype characteristics

74.51 Describe the procedures for copying, renaming and
deleting files within the operating system.
74.52 Describe the procedure for copying, renaming and editing
files within the CAD system.
74.53 Explain the purpose of standard drawing sheet sizes.

74.37 Mirror drawn items both with and without mirroring text.
74.38 Reverse the effect of one or more commands.

74.54 Explain the importance of system variables and how they
are set up.
74.55 Describe the purpose of system variables and how they
are set up.

IVQ in Construction Industry 6165

Drawing techniques
74.56 Explain the different methods of entering
coordinate information.
Methods: absolute, relative, polar
74.57 Describe the purpose of a User Coordinate System
and its relationship with reference to the World
Coordinate System.
74.58 Describe the methods used to enter drawing commands.
Drawing commands: lines, circles, arcs, polygons
74.59 Explain how to extend, trim, stretch, break and
scale drawn items.
74.60 Explain how to edit line properties.
Blocks and symbols
74.61 Describe the purpose and use of the use of blocks
and symbols.
74.62 Describe how to obtain information about drawn items.

Syllabus: 2000 edition

Assessment

Test specification for written paper
Architectural Design 4 (6165-30-074)
This is a written paper lasting three hours with 10 questions.
Candidates must answer all questions.

Topic

Approximate %
examination
weighting

Architectural detailing 4
Computer aided design (CAD) 4

50
50

IVQ in Construction Industry 6165

74 Architectural Design 4

Practical competences
The candidate must be able to do the following:
74.1

Carry out a survey of a multi-storey building and
of a development site, recording all necessary
measurements and data.

74.2 Plot survey information to scale to produce an
‘as existing’ drawing.
74.3 Produce a detailed cross-section through a typical
local multi-storey structure from foundation level to
roof, showing all constructional details to enable the
building to be approved, costed and constructed.
74.4 Produce plans and elevations of a multi-storey
structure to enable the building to be approved,
costed and constructed.
74.5 Produce a detailed scale drawing of a
complex component.
74.6 Produce a services drawing for a simple electrical
and mechanical engineering services system.
74.7 Produce a material schedule for
typical components.
74.8 Produce a finishes schedule.
74.9 Produce a drawing sheet checklist.
74.10 Prepare a report on the national/local regulations
controlling building construction.
74.11 Produce estimates for design schemes.

This is to confirm that the candidate has successfully completed the above tasks:
Candidate signature
Candidate name (please print)
Instructor signature
Instructor name (please print)
Completion date

Syllabus: 2000 edition

74 Computer Aided Design (CAD) 4

Practical competences

74.36 Modify existing drawn items.

The candidate must be able to do the following:

74.37 Mirror drawn items both with and without
mirroring text.

File management
74.22 Prepare directories for use with a particular job and
subsequently list the contents of the directories.

74.38 Reverse the effect of one or more commands.

74.23 Copy, rename and delete files in both the operating
system and within the CAD programme.

Blocks and symbols
74.39 Create a library of blocks or symbols to be used
on both a single drawing and also for use in
other drawings.

74.24 Operate a CAD programme.
74.25 Prepare at least three typical
prototype/template drawings.

74.40 Insert blocks and symbols into a drawing to a specified
position at different scales and rotations.
74.41 Insert a bitmap image into a drawing.

74.26 Set up a drawing size appropriate to the job
to be drawn.
74.27 Apply ‘system variables’ to show different
presentation methods.
74.28 Use ‘drawing aids’ within the CAD programme
to show different snap and grid arrangements.

Dimensioning
74.42 Modify and update system variables settings.
74.43 Dimension a drawing to show
various information.
Display of drawing
74.44 Display the entire drawing on the screen.

Drawings techniques
74.29 Apply absolute, relative and polar coordinate entry
methods to execute a series of drawings.

74.45 Demonstrate the ‘pan’ and ‘zoom’ facilities by
moving to different parts of the drawing.

74.30 Use keyboard and pointing devices
create a drawing.

74.46 Create views of particular parts of the drawing and
subsequently restore those views as required.

74.31 Create appropriate layers with different colours
and linetypes.

Plotting
74.47 Prepare a plotter or printer for use.

74.32 Remove unused blocks, symbols, layers, levels,
linetypes and text styles.

74.48 Produce a hard copy of the drawing on the plotter or
printer to an appropriate scale.

74.33 Enter text using different styles derived from
standard fonts.

74.49 Produce a plot file of the required drawing.

74.34 Enter text using different orientations and sizes.
74.35 Import text from a word-processed document.

This is to confirm that the candidate has successfully completed the above tasks:
Candidate signature
Candidate name (please print)
Instructor signature
Instructor name (please print)
Completion date

IVQ in Construction Industry 6165

75 Construction Mathematics 4 –
Summary of syllabus sections

Page 72

Construction Mathematics 4
(Objectives 75.1 to 75.61)
The aim of this unit is to further develop mathematical
skills learnt at diploma level and apply them to
Structural Analysis and Civil Engineering.

Syllabus: 2000 edition

Construction Mathematics (applied/diagnostics) 4

75.18 Solve simultaneous linear equations with three unknowns
using matrices and determinants.

Practical competences
The candidate must be able to do the following:
75.1

Differentiate the trigonometric, logarithmic and
exponential functions.

75.2 Display the skill to differentiate products, quotients,
functions of a function and implicit functions of the
above type.

75.19 Define a scaler and a vector, represent a vector in
two and three dimensions and determine its magnitude
and direction.
75.20 Perform addition and subtraction of vectors and carry out
multiplication of a vector by a scaler.
75.21 Solve vector equations.

75.3 Express tan x, cot x, sec x, and cosec x in terms of sin x and
cos x and work out their differentials.
75.4 Determine the differential coefficients of the functions
ax, log10x, 1n(ax+b), log10(ax+b) (a+sin x) and sin(ax+b)
75.5 Work out indefinite and definite integrals of functions
involving sin ax, cos ax, and eax
75.6 Use Trapezoidal and Simpson’s Rules to do
numerical integration.
75.7 Calculate the mean and root mean square values of
sinusoidal functions between given limits.

75.22 Determine the position vector of a point which divides the
position vectors of two points in a given ratio.
75.23 Define a scaler product of two vectors and calculate the
angle between them.
75.24 Determine the equation of a straight line parallel
to a vector and passing through a point with a given
position vector.
75.25 Determine the equation of a straight line passing through
two points with given position vectors.
75.26 Establish geometrical results using vectors.

75.8 Define e, obtain its series expansion and calculate
the value of e to four decimal places to show its
rapid convergence.
75.9 Obtain the power series for ex and e-x and deduce the
expansion for ekx where it has positive or negative values.
75.10 Differentiate the power series to verify that

d
(ex) = ex
dx

75.11 Sketch the graphs of ex, e-x, aebx, ae-bx where a and b are
positive and use log-linear graph paper to plot straight line
graphs for ex, e-x and aebx
75.12 Apply Taylor’s Theorem to expand a given function f(x)
about a point in powers of (x-a)
75.13 Use Maclaurin’s Theorem to determine series for
sin x, cos x, 1n(1+x) and deduce series for
1+x
1n(1-n) and 1n
1-x

75.27 Define probability, state the two rules of probability and
calculate probabilities for mutually exclusive independent
and dependant events.
75.28 Identify and explain the concepts of Binomial, Poisson and
Normal Distributions.
75.29 Calculate probabilities using Binomial, Poisson and Normal
Distributions.
75.30 Use the appropriate software to analyse the data.

Knowledge requirements
Instructors must ensure that candidates are able to:
Calculus
d
d
75.1 State that
(sin x) = cos x and that
(cos x) = -sin x.
dx
dx

75.14 Use series expansions to evaluate definite integrals.
75.15 Calculate the sum, difference and the product of two
3 x 3 matrices and then generalise the operations to
m x n matrices.

75.2 State that

d
d
1
(ex) = ex and
that (1n x) =
.
dx
dx
x

75.3 State the rules for differentiating a product and a quotient
of two simple functions.

75.16 Evaluate a 3 x 3 determinant.
75.17 Define the cofactor of an element of the determinant,
transpose and inverse of a matrix and determine the
inverse of a non-singular 3 x 3 matrix.

IVQ in Construction Industry 6165

75.4 Differentiate various combinations of any two of the
functions xn, sin x, cos x, ex, logex.
75.5 State the function of a function rule for differentiation.

75.6 Determine the differential coefficient of the reciprocal
of a function.

75.24 Determine whether experimental results are related by a
law of the type y = aebx and estimate the values of the
constants from the log-linear graph.

75.7 Determine differential coefficients of products of any two
of the functions xn, sin nx, cos nx, enx, logenx.

75.25 State Maclaurin’s Theorem.

75.8 Define tan x, cot x, sec x, cosec x, in terms of sin x and cos x
and hence determine their differential coefficients.

75.26 Determine series for sin x, cos x 1n(1+x) and (1+x)n using
Maclaurin’s Theorem.

75.9 Show that
and that

d
(ax) = ax 1n a
dx

d
1
log10e.
(log10 x) =
dx
x

75.10 Determine the differential coefficients of 1n(ax+b) and
log10(ax+b).
75.11 Determine the differential coefficients of functions of the
type (a+sin nx) and sin(nx+a).
75.12 Determine indefinite integrals of functions involving sin ax,
cos ax, eax.
75.13 Evaluate definite integrals involving the functions in 75.12.
75.14 Calculate the approximate value of integrals using
Trapezoidal Rule and Simpson’s Rule.
75.15 Calculate the mean and root mean square of sinusoidal
functions between given limits.
Algebra
75.16 Define e as the limiting value of the function
1 n
(1+
) as n tends to infinity.
n
75.17 Apply the Binomial Theorem to the function
1 n
(1+
) as n➞∞ to obtain a series expression for e.
n
75.18 Calculate the value of e to four decimal places and hence
show that the series converges rapidly.
75.19 Expand (1+

1 nx
) , n➞∞ to obtain a power series for
n

ex and for e-x.
75.20 Deduce from 75.19 the expansion of ekx where k has
positive or negative values.
d
75.21 Verify that
(ex) = ex by differentiating the power series
dx
term by term.
75.22 Sketch the graphs of y = ex, y = e-x, y = aebx and y = ae-bx
where a and b are positive.
75.23 Use log-linear graph paper to plot straight line graphs for
y = ex, y = e-x and y = aebx.

75.27 Deduce series for 1n(1-x) and 1n

1+x
.
1-x

75.28 State Taylor’s Theorem.
75.29 Use Taylor’s Theorem to expand a given function f(x) about
a point in powers of (x-a).
75.30 Use series expansions to obtain approximate values of
definite integrals.
Matrices and determinants
75.31 Calculate the sum and difference of two 3 x 3 matrices.
75.32 Determine the product of two 3 x 3 matrices.
75.33 Generalise the operation in 75.31 and 75.32 to
m x n matrices.
75.34 Evaluate a 3 x 3 determinant by expansion about any
row or column.
75.35 Verify the effect on the sign of a determinant is the
interchange if any two rows or any two columns.
75.36 Deduce that the value of a determinant is zero if two rows
or two columns are identical.
75.37 Verify the effect of extracting a common factor from any
one row or column.
75.38 Verify that the value of a determinant is unaltered by the
addition or subtraction of multiples of rows or columns.
75.39 Define the minor and cofactor of an element of the
determinant of a matrix.
75.40 Define the transpose and adjoint of a matrix.
75.41 Define the inverse A-1 of a matrix A as and determine A-1
for a non-singular 3 x 3 matrix A.
75.42 Express a set of three linear equations in the form Ax– = b
and solve them by means of matrices.
Vectors
75.43 Define a scaler and a vector.
75.44 Represent a vector in two and three dimensions and
determine its magnitude and direction.

Syllabus: 2000 edition

75.45 Perform addition and subtraction of vectors.
75.46 Perform multiplication of a vector by a scaler.
75.47 Solve vector equations.
75.48 Determine the position vector of a point which divides the
position vectors of two points in a given ratio.
75.49 Define a scaler product of two vectors and determine the
angle between them.
75.50 Determine the equation of a straight line parallel
to a vector and passing through a point with a given
position vector.
75.51 Determine the equation of a straight line passing through
two points with given position vectors.
75.52 Establish geometrical results using vectors.
Statistics
75.53 Define probability both in ‘classical’ and ‘empirical’ sense.
75.54 Define mutually exclusive events and distinguish between
independent and dependent events.
75.55 State addition and multiplication rules of probability.
75.56 Perform calculations relating to total and
compound probability.
75.57 Identify the probability Distributions: Binomial, Poisson
and Normal.
75.58 Explain the concept of Binomial Distribution and calculate
probabilities using Binomial Distribution.
75.59 Explain the concept of Poisson Distribution and calculate
probabilities using Poisson Distribution.
75.60 Explain the concept of Normal Distribution and calculate
probabilities using Normal Distribution.
75.61 Use the appropriate software to analyse the data.

IVQ in Construction Industry 6165

Assessment

Test specification for written paper
Construction Mathematics (6165-30-075)
This is a written paper lasting three hours with 10 questions.
Candidates must answer all questions.

Topic

Approximate %
examination
weighting

Calculus
Algebra
Matrices and determinants
Vectors
Statistics

20
20
20
20
20

Syllabus: 2000 edition

75 Construction Mathematics (applied/diagnostics) 4

Practical competences
The candidate must be able to do the following:
75.1

Differentiate the trigonometric, logarithmic and
exponential functions.

75.13 Use Maclaurin’s Theorem to determine series for
sin x, cos, 1n(1+x) and deduce series for
1+x
1n(1-n) and 1n
1-x
75.14 Use series expansions to evaluate
definite integrals.

75.2 Display the skill to differentiate products, quotients,
functions of a function and implicit functions of the
above type.

75.15 Calculate the sum, difference and the product
of two 3 x 3 matrices and then generalise the
operations to m x n matrices.

75.3 Express tan x, cot x, sec x, and cosec x in terms of
sin x and cos x and work out their differentials.

75.16 Evaluate a 3 x 3 determinant.

75.4 Determine the differential coefficients of the
functions ax, log10x, 1n(ax+b), log10(ax +b)
(a+sin x) and sin(ax+b)
75.5 Work out indefinite and definite integrals of functions
involving sin ax, cos ax, and eax

75.17 Define the cofactor of an element of the determinant,
transpose and inverse of a matrix and determine the
inverse of a non-singular 3 x 3 matrix.
75.18 Solve simultaneous linear equations with three
unknowns using matrices and determinants.

75.6 Use Trapezoidal and Simpson’s Rules to do
numerical integration.

75.19 Define a scaler and a vector, represent a vector in
two and three dimensions and determine its
magnitude and direction.

75.7 Calculate the mean and root mean square values
of sinusoidal functions between given limits.

75.20 Perform addition and subtraction of vectors and
carry out multiplication of a vector by a scaler.

75.8 Define e, obtain its series expansion and calculate
the value of e to four decimal places to show its
rapid convergence.

75.21 Solve vector equations.

75.9 Obtain the power series for ex and e-x and deduce
the expansion for ekx where it has positive or
negative values.
75.10 Differentiate the power series to verify that
d
(ex) = ex
dx
75.11 Sketch the graphs of ex, e-x, aebx, ae-bx where
a and b are positive and use log-linear graph paper
to plot straight line graphs for ex, e-x and eabx
75.12 Apply Taylor’s Theorem to expand a given function f(x)
about a point in powers of (x-a)

IVQ in Construction Industry 6165

75.22 Determine the position vector of a point which
divides the position vectors of two points in a
given ratio.
75.23 Define a scaler product of two vectors and calculate
the angle between them.
75.24 Determine the equation of a straight line parallel
to a vector and passing through a point with a given
position vector.
75.25 Determine the equation of a straight line passing
through two points with given position vectors.
75.26 Establish geometrical results using vectors.

75.27 Define probability, state the two rules of probability
and calculate probabilities for mutually exclusive
independent and dependant events.
75.28 Identify and explain the concepts of Binomial,
Poisson and Normal Distributions.
75.29 Calculate probabilities using Binomial, Poisson
and Normal Distributions.
75.30 Use the appropriate software to analyse the data.

This is to confirm that the candidate has successfully completed the above tasks:
Candidate signature
Candidate name (please print)
Instructor signature
Instructor name (please print)
Completion date

Syllabus: 2000 edition

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Appendix A
Assessments

Two assessment methods are used in the 6165 Advanced
Technician Diploma in Construction programme – written
questions and practical assessment.
Practical assessment
Each unit (assessment component) in this programme has one or
more practical assessments which are derived from the practical
competences that make up the first part of each syllabus section.
The competence checklists (tick boxes), given at the end of each
unit, serve as the marking criteria for these assessments and
should be used to record the outcome of each candidate’s
performance. The use of local materials, tools, equipment or
practice is allowed within the specifications of the ‘range’
supporting each competence statement. The results of the
assessments must be documented and available for audit by the
visiting verifier. ALL assessments must be successfully completed.
The assessments may be carried out at any time agreed by the
instructor and the candidate.
The competence checklists in this publication are intended to be
photocopied so that each candidate has a personal record of
his/her practical assessments.
Preparation, supervision and marking
It is essential that the instructor ensures all necessary
preparations are carried out. This will involve ensuring:
• the candidate is ready to demonstrate his or her practical skills
• every candidate understands what is involved
• any necessary materials, tools or equipment are present.
Marking of the practical performance is determined on outcomes
as defined by the practical competences. Each tick box will show
either ‘yes – the candidate achieved this’ or ‘no – the candidate
did not achieve this’. Candidates must be successful in all
competences included in the checklist before it can be ‘signed off’
and its results transferred to the summative record.
All assessments require supervision to ensure that the results
reflect only the work of the individual candidate concerned. All
assessment documentation and material must be kept in a file for
each candidate until the results have been agreed by the visiting
verifier and until confirmation of the result has been received
from City & Guilds.

Records, results and certification
As the practical assessments for each component are
successfully completed, the achievement must be recorded. A
model of a summative record is given at the end of this section.
When all components for an award have been recorded, the
result must be sent to City & Guilds. Each candidate’s
achievements should be transferred from the summative
assessment record to the entry form.
Practical components are entered onto Form S which must
be countersigned by the visiting verifier and then sent to
City & Guilds. The visiting verifier will want to see evidence to
support the results being entered. Actual forms are supplied
by City & Guilds.
Question paper assessments
The knowledge requirements in the sections of each unit are
tested by question papers which are set and marked by
City & Guilds. At the Certificate and first year Diploma levels
(levels 1 and 2) of this programme, candidates will sit multiple
choice question papers. At the higher levels, all question papers
will require short written answers.
Entries for these examinations must be made in accordance with
the timetable for entries given in the ‘Directory’ and must be sent
in on Form S.
General information
An advantage of this programme is that candidates who
successfully complete a component of assessment for a single
unit may, if they wish, claim a Certificate of Unit Credit. This may
be beneficial for those candidates who only wish to complete part
of this programme.
Candidates wishing to gain the full award (Certificate, Diploma or
Advanced Diploma) must successfully complete all components.
We recommend that their practical results are sent at the time of,
or shortly before the date of the written examinations.
Visiting verifier
The operation of this programme requires the appointment of a
visiting verifier. The visiting verifier must countersign the
results of the practical assessments on Form S. The visiting
verifier should also be able to inspect records and candidates’
work to verify the results before submission.

Appendix A

6165-30 Advanced Technician Diploma in Construction (Applied)
Practical competence assessment record
Candidate’s name and number
Centre name and number
Assessment reference
Date completed
161
Site Surveying 3
161
Site Surveying
162
Materials and Construction Technology 4
162
Materials Technology

162

Construction
Technology

163
163

Construction Management 4
Construction
Management

Instructor signature

And any two of the following
171
Tendering, Estimating and Quantity Surveying 4
171
Tendering and
Estimating
171

Quantity Surveying

172
172

Building Services, Science and Technology 4
Building Services
Science

172

Building Services
Technology

173
173

Structural Elements, Geology, Soil Mechanics and Hydraulics 4
Structural Elements

173

Geology, Soil
Mechanics and
Hydraulics
Architectural Design 4
Architectural Detailing

174
174

174

Computer Aided
Draughting

IVQ in Construction Industry 6165

Instructor name

Assessment reference
Date completed
175
Construction Mathematics 4
175
Construction
Mathematics

Instructor signature

Instructor name

* The syllabus units containing the above components can be found in either the 6165 Technician Awards in the Construction
Industry – certificate level or the 6161 Awards in the Construction Industry – certificate level.

Appendix A

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Published by City & Guilds
1 Giltspur Street
London
EC1A 9DD
T +44 (0)20 7294 2850
F +44 (0)20 7294 2413
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www.cityandguilds.com
City & Guilds is a registered
charity established to promote
education and training

SP-02-6165

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