6502_Instruction_Set_Summary 6502 Instruction Set Summary
User Manual: 6502_Instruction_Set_Summary
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~ MOS TECHNOLOGY, INC. Valley Forge Corporate Center 950 Rittenhouse Road Norristown, Pa. 19401 MCS6500 SET PROCESSOR INS T'R U C T ION SUMMARY PROGRAMMING i MODEL ACCUMULATOR INDEX REGISTER INDEX REGISTER PCH PCL j , INlvl Ie 101' Izici PROGRAM COUNTER "PC" STACK POINTER "S" PROCESSOR STATUS REG "P" CARRY ~ ZERO 1 = TRUE 1 '" RESULT ZERO IRQ DISABLE 1 '" DISABLE DECIMAL MODE 1 '" TRUE BRKCOMMANO OVERFLOW 1 z TRUE NEGATIVE 1 = NEG. INSTRUCTIONS _EMOIIIC ADC I"UDI"'T£ OPERATION A<-M'C _ A 14111, OP N # 1~9 , i1 8 C5 BRANCH ON C~I 8EQ BRANCH ON ~_1 8M' BRANCH ON N~ BRANCH ON 8 R K ISe!F,g II 8 V 5 BRANCH ON V-I OP _ J 16; jJ 'c L D A-. C P Y y-. DEC M-l_M y, '0' C9 , , lc.~ , ..,'. e~ , , cc , , 6 e, F7'(;';" :,: M _A III 11.9 OP x 30 , N 3 i , AISOlUTE #OPN # 2 2 ~O 4 OPN 3 95 e , D # ;,' D; , , IDD , 3 '!' "'CCUM. OPN , i , DE , , IFE , D9 ., , , , , , , , , I , , , , , Al 6 2 (lND)O # OP'" # ; " , , , i!.~"'GE,X (lNo), Y OPN " # OPN # 3" 'D , , , 3 ... IS.... US, X OPN , # OPN 3 ; # OPN # IIiDIREeT ~PAGE.'" # OPN# N ~~.4:2 . OP ... 8E41~. III 2E632615'lA" A0 R 6EI 6 3 ,66 5 2 6A 2 6 1 5 11 2 IS 4 2 '0 4 3 tl C I 0 V - .. , , 19 4 3 ,, , , , 1 76 I" ,,,,,,.21 ATANSU, CONDITION COOES 56615E73 2 "0 - • 16e IMPLIED # - - - l ,, j 0.., - 1 I , , , ", 6 , , V 2 sa "T S , , ..:.....:. I 1 , I lERO ~"'GE D' 06, 6 2 i 11.5 1 3 , E634652A21 19 N , I nlA222AE43A632 lS R - CONDITION CODES i!.~"'GE. V OP N # ", , .. i .' 1 3 AD , !3 IliIDlRtCT OP N j .L 88 ; f6 # , , .1. Ie!.~ , .I '0, .. IMMEDIATE O'fRATIOI L O X " .... 3 , T r E8 dK 111010111: OP N " 3,1 ; , 3 C6 ~E I 6 JUMP TO NEW LOC RElATIVE N # 3 ..'.'.:'.] ;"".,.'.,.. ' : J M P OP , '" 08 1 •. 3 ...~ 1-'0' ~, _M 'I'" ,1 CE -x " :6 OP N j '" c. X'I ';J~ , ! I '" '" M'" 2 , i'?.l ' - ; 1 J 1. 'NX OP N # ... as. V AIS. X i.PAGE.x 1# ;,;r; , . '" N~(I :NC OP N ",' " ,~, (lND).Y -" , " ''i '" DEY , , OA i ",MP """ 61, 6 i 1'-' OP' N ," '_D C L.. ' # I 2 :; I' J 1;6 (lNO.X) IMPLIED OP N NI_ , , ACCUM OP N '" 1 8 PL # ,,'1 6 ~ AS L N 6D!' ,. ~AGE AISOlUT£ lERO OP 6 2 7E 7 3 1 I" I' , 2 I F8 6 'D!' 3 las 3 , I 81 99 6 I 2 ; 3 "'1,1, AAI2 T5X s .... x TXS x-s I 1 , , 9A 2 I '" , , TVA X IF PAGE BOUNDRY IS CROSSED INDEX, x .. ADD 1 TO "N" IF 6RANCH OCCURS TO SAME PAGE ADO 2 TO 'N" IF 6RANCH OCCURS TO DIFFERENT PAGE IF IN DECIMAL MODE Z FLAG IS INVAliD ACCUMUlATOR MUST BE CHECIqe CPX 2- .~.ge ~ lSR PL~ ~.p.9'I Page i"Of"" IMMEDIATE ADDRESSING - THE OPERAND IS CONTAINED IN THE SECOND BYTE OF THE INSTRUCTION ABS x ABSOLUTE ADDRESSING - THE SECOND BYTE OF THE INSTRUCTION CONTAINS THE 8 LOW ORDER BITSOF THE EFFECTIVE ADDRESS THE THIRD BYTE CONTAINS THE 8 HIGH ORDER BITS OF THE EFFECTIVE ADDRESS liND ABS Y ABSOLUTE INDEXED THE EFFECTIVE ADDRESS IS FORMED BY AODING THE INDEX TO THE SECOND AND THIRD BYTE OF THE INSTRUCTION X~ INDEXED INDIRECT THE SECOND BYTE OF THE INSTRUCTION IS ADDED TO THE X INDEX, DISCARDING THE CARRY THE RESULTS POINTS TO A LOCATION ON PAGE ZERO WHICH CONTAINS THE 8 LOW ORDER BITS OF THE EA THE NEXT 8YTE CONTAINS THE B HIGH ORDER BITS l PAGE ZERO PAGE ADDRESSING SECOND BYTE CONTAINS THE 8 LOW ORDER BITS OF THE EFFECTIVE ADDRESS THE 8 HIGH ORDER BITS ARE ZERO ACCUMULATOR ONE BYTE INSTRUCTION OPERATING ON THE ACCUMULATOR l PAGE.X ~ PAGE Y ZERO PAGE INDEXED THE SECOND BYTE OF THE INSTRUCTION IS ADDED TO THE INDEX (CARRY IS DROPPEDI TO FORM THE LOW ORDER BYTE OF THE EA T,iE HIGH ORDER BYTE OF THE EA IS ZE ROS (lND~.Y INDIRECT INDEXED - THE SECOND BYTE OF fHE INSTRUCTION POINTS TO A LOCA - TION IN PAGE ZE-RQ- THE CONTE~TS OF THIS \~E"'10RY LOCATION IS ADDED TO THE '0' INDEX THE RESUL T BEING THE LOW ORDER EIGHT BITS OF THE EA THE CARRY FROM THIS OPERATION IS ADDED TO THE CONTE!\JTS OF THE IIJEXT PAGE ZERO LOCATION THE RESULT BEI'lJG THE 8 HIGH ORDER BITS OF THE EA _. ~SP AFTER IAQ OR NMI BUT BEFORE ATI BEFORE I RO OR NMI AND AFTER RTI pc- ., pc- _PCATTIMEORIRQOR NMI • THIS INSTRUCTION WI LL COMPLETE BEFORE I I AVICEO . , " 4 I 6 L--f-f--II 4 \1 7 • • , 0 F F F F F F A 3 NMI VECTOR AOL 4 , 4 II 4 C • J 5 A 0 L A 0 H R 3 " e e .,.." JUMP TO SUBROUTINE RETURN FROM SUBROUTINE TO THIS LOCATION SUBROUTINE MAIN 5 BODY 6 7 114118 AD H F 1 RETURN FROM INTERRUPT RTI RTS " RES VECTOR ADL F F F 0 ADH F F F e AOL 05 F F F FAD H 114 FIG.1 3 •• ,• , INTERRUPT SERVICE MAIN BODY " F 3 3 IRa. NMI. ATI, BRK OPERATION lAO VECTOR FIG.:Z JSR, RTS OPERATION RETURN FROM SUBROUTINE ASCII CHARACTER SET (7-BIT CODE) ASSEMBLER DIRECTIVES • OPT· IF useD MUST BE THE FIRST EXECUTABLE STATEMENT IN THE PROGRAM. • OPTIONS ARE:· IOPTIONS USTED ARE THE DEFAULT VALUE. TURNED OFF BY (NO) PREFIX.) COUNT (COU OR CNT)· LIST ALL INSTRUCTIONS AND THEIR USAGE. NOGENERATE (NOG) - DO NOT GENERATE MORE THAN ONE LINE OF CODE FOR ASCII STRINGS. XREf (XflE)· PRODUCE A CROSS-REFERENCE LIST IN THE SYMBOL TABLE. ERRORS (ERR)· CREATE AN ERROR FILE. MEMORY (MEM) . CREATE AN ASSEMBLER OBJECT OUTPUT FILE. LIST (LIS)· PRODUCE A FULL ASSEMBLY LISTING. • BYTE· PRODUCES A SINGLE BYTE IN MEMORY EQUAL TO EACH OPERAND SPECIFIED. • WORD· PRODUCES TWO BYTES IN MEMORY eQUAL TO EACH OPERAND SPECIFIED. , • • , ,,, ,. , ~ " ." ." , ,, • , LSD ... 5 2 6 , 10 p P Q q NUL OLE SP 01)(111 SOH DC' I 1 , • 0010 STX DC2 0011 ETX DC' # , 011010 EDT DC. S 4 0 T 5 0101 ENG NAK % 5 E U • 6 F V 7 G W , 0000 2 2 A B R C S b d 01 HI ACK SYN 7 0111 BEL ETB • END - DEFINES THE END OF A SOURCE PROGRAM. B 11100 BS CAN I B H X h 9 11101 HT EM I 9 I Y ; A 1010 LF SUB J Z j K [ k L \ I M ] m LABELS: LABELS BEGIN IN COLUMN 1 AND ARE SEPARATED FROM THE INSTRUCTION BY AT LEAST ONE SPACE. LABELS CAN BE UP TO 6 ALPHANUMENIC CHARACTERS LONG AND MUST BEGIN WITH AN ALPHA CHARACTER. A, X, Y, S, AND P ARE RESERVED AND CANNOT BE USED AS LABELS. LABEL - EXPRESSION CAN BE USED TO EQUATE LABELS TO INSTRUCTIONS. LABEL *-*+ N CAN BE USED TO RESERVE AREAS IN MEMORY CHARACTERS USED AS SPECIAL PREFIXES: INDICATES AN ASSEMBLER 01 RECTIVE # SPECIFIES THE IMMEDIATE MODE OF ADDRESSING. SPECIFIES A HEXADECIMAL CHARACTER. " 'J(, SPECIFIES AN OCTAL NUMBER. SPECIFIES A BINARY NUMBER. SPECIFIES AN ASCII LITERAL CHARACTER. () INDICATES INDIRECT ADDRESSING. IN COLUMN 1 INDICATES A COMMENT. B 10'1 VT ESC C 1199 FF FS 0 11111 CR GS E 1119 SO RS F 1111 51 VS , . < - I > , N 0 - . " 6 • PAGE - ADVANCES THE LISTING TO THE TOP OF A NEW PAGE. -... DEFINES THE BEGINNING OF A NEW PROGRAM COUNTER SEaUENCE. 7 ," f t w , y , I ~ p DEL
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