AD0675050_A_DDC_Bibliography_on_On Line_Computer_Systems_Sep68 AD0675050 A DDC Bibliography On Line Computer Systems Sep68

Unclassified-Unlimited

AD-675

050

A

DDC

BIBLIOGRAPHY

ON

ON-LINE

COMPUTER

SYSTEMS

VOLUME

I

OF

1i

VOLUMES

DDC-TAS-68-36

This

document

has

been

approved

for

pubiic

release

and

sale;

its1

distribution

is unlimited.

SEPTEMBER

1968

Unclassified-Unlimited

,ep~oduced

by

tho

CLEARINGHOUSE

or

Ft~do

a!

S~unfic.

&

TechncaI

Informgon

Springfield

Va

22151

UNCLASSI FIED

UNLI

MITE D

AD-675

050

A

DDC

BIBLIOGRAPHY ON

ON-LINE

COMPUTER

SYSTEMS

VOLUME

I

of

II

VOLUMES

DDC-TAS-68-36

This

document

has;

been

approved

for

public

release

and

sale;

its

distribution

is

unlimited.

SEPTEMBER

1963

DEFENSE

DOCUMENTATION

CENTER

Cameron

Station

Alexandria,

Virginia

22314

U N C L A S S I F J E D -U N L I M I T E D

/l

PREFACE

This

Unclassified-Unlimited

bibliography

with

162

citations

was

compiled

in

response

to

a

growing

interest

in

On-Line

Com--

puter

Systems.

In

preparing

'his

bibliography consideration

was

given

to

the

general

subject

areas

of

programming(computers), in-

formation

retrieval,

time

sharing,

and

graphics

as

they

apnly

to

On-Line Systems.

A

grouping

of

various

applications

was

made

as

a f

nal

subject

area.

The

topical

arrangement

is complemented

by

four

indexes

(accession number

(AD-number)

sequence,

corporate

author,

personal

author,

and

contract).

When

a

report cited

has

several

personal

authors,

each

is

listed

separately.

This

volume

is supplemented

by an

Unclassified-Limited

version

with

52

citations

(AD-840

090).

BY

ORDER

OF

THE

DIRECTOR,

DEFENSE

SlPPLY

AGENCY

OFFICIAL

I)BERT

B.

STEGM

JR.

Administrator

Defense

Documentation

Cepter

iii

U

~i

TABLE

O

F

CONTENTS

Page

PREFACE

......................................................

111

mD

BIBLIOGRAPHIC

REFERENCES

Programming(Co

1

mputers)

....................................

Information

Retrieval

.................................

63

Time

Sharing

...........................................

105

Graphics

................................................

137

General

Applications

....................................

149

INDEXES

CORPORATE

AUTHOR/MONITORING

AGENCY

......................

0-1

PERSONAL AUTHOR

......................................

*

P-1

CONTRA.CT

................................................

C-1

AD-NUN'LRIC..............................................A-1

PROGRAMMING

(COMP~UTERS)

UNCLASSIFIED

DS

C

REP

qT

ARY

LOGRAPHY

SEARCH

CONTROL

NO

/00328

!

AD-414

564

THOMPSON

RAN

T

WOOCORIUGE

IC

CANOGA

AROCEL.F

AN

ON-LINE

COMPUTING

CETEM

BUE

DESCRIPTIVE

NOTE

FINAL

REPT

A 1

FEB

62-

FIrB

3,

lisp

FRIED,BURTON

D, I

CULLER4GLEN

J

A

AONITOR.

RADc

YDR63

16(

UNCLASSIFIED

REPORT

SUPPLEMENTARY

NOTE:

DESCRIPTORS:

19DATA

PROCESSING

SYSTEMS, DIGITAL

COMPUTERS)

,

(*DIGITAL

COMPUTERS,

DATA

PROCESSING

SYSTEMS),

PROGRAMMING

(COMPUTERS),

M

ATHEmOTICAL

LOGIC,

COMPUTER

LOGIC

(LI)

IDENTIFIERS:

INFORMATION

PROCCSSING,

ON-LINE

COMPUTIN;G. 1963

(U)

I

AN

ON-LINE

COMPUTING

SYSTEM

'AS

BEEN

DEVELOPErJ

WHICH

ALLOWS

DIRECT

USE

OF

A

HIGH

SPEED

DIG:

rAL

COMPUTER

BY

MATHEMATICIANS

AND

SCIENTISTS

IN

THEIR

|

SPECIALIZED

FIELDS,

THIS

REPORT

DESCRIBES

THE

SYSTEM

IN

DETAIL

FROM

A

USER'S

POINT

OF

VIEW,

FOR

REFERENCE PURPOSES,

THE

REPORT INCLUDES

A

LISTING

OF

ALL

COMPUTEO

PROGRAMS

USED

IN

T*HE

SYST

e.

iAUTHOR)

(U)

UNCLASSIFIED

100328

UNCLASSIFIEO

DOC

REPORT

BIBLIOGRAPHY

SEARCH CONTROL

NO,

/O0328

AD-4$1

2Z1

RAND CORP

SANTA

MONICA

CALIF

COMPUTER

RECOGNITION

OF

ON-LINE,

HAND-WRITTEN

CHARACTERS,

(U)

OCT

'4

27P

BERNSTEINM,

I, 1

REPT,

NO,

XMJ7S3ARPA

CONTRACT:

SD7q

PROJ

!

149

61

UNCLASSIFIED

REPORT

SUPPLEMENTARY

NOTEI

DESCRIPTORSI

(*CHARACTER

RECOGNITION,

INPUTOUTPUT

DEVICES),

DOCUMENTATION,

MACH;NE

TRANSLATION,

AUTOMATIC

INOEXING,

DIGITAL

COMPUTERS,

PROGRAMMING

(COMPUTERS)

(U)

:OENTIWIERS:

196#

(U)

THIS

MEMORANDUM DISCUSSES

A

METHOD

FOR

RECOGNIZING

SINGLE,

HAND-WRITTEN CHARACTERS

USING

AN

ONLINE

GRAPHICAL

INPUT

DEVICE,

SUCH

AS

A

DIGITIZING

PANTOGRAPH,

A .

GHT

PEN,

JR

THE

GRAPHIC

INPUT

TABLET,

AS

THE

PN!MARY

INFORMATION

SOURCE.

BASICALLY,

THE

METHOD CONSISTS

OF

FILTERING

AND

SMOOTHING

THF

INPUT

STREAM

TO

ELIMINATE

AS

MUCH

REDUNDANCY

AS

POSSIBLE, DIRECTION

OF

THE

STYLUS

MOVEMENT

'S

UANTIZED

INTO

ONE

OF

EIGHT

DIRECTIONS,

ALLOWING

EA-

-

STROKE

OF

A

CHARACTER

TO BE

DESCRIBED

AS

A

SERIES

OF

CONNECTED

STRAIGHT-LINE

SSGMENTS,

BY

ELIMINATING

VARIOUS

MEASURES

ON

THE

STROKE,

THE

DESCRIPTION

IS

SIRE-,

POSITION-,

AND

ROTATION-

INDEPENDENT,

IN

ORDER

TO

RESTORE

SOME

ROTATIONAL

ORIENTATItN

AND

TI

DISCRIMINATE

BETWEEN

OPEN,

CLOSED,

AND

MULTI-STROKE CHARACTERS, END-POINT

COMPARIONS

ARE

ADDED

TO

THE

DESCRIPTION,

(AUTHOR)

(U)

2

UNCLASS

IFIED

/OOJ

t

It

UNCLASSIFIED

DDC

REPORT

BIBLIOGRAPHY

SEARCH

CONTROL

NO,

1OO32B

AD-4T4

J19

MASSACHUSETTS

INST

O

TECH

CAMBRIDGE

CALCULAID:

AN

ON-LINE

SYSTEM

FOR

ALGEBRAIC

COMPUTATION

AND

ANALYSIS.

(U)

DESCRIPTIVE

NOTE:

MASTER'S

THESIS,

SEP

45

53P

WANTMAN,MAYER

ELIMH.

I

REPT.

No,

MAC-TR-20

CON7RACT:

NONR41OZOo

PROJI

NRO46

189

UNCLASSIF:!D

REPORT

DESCRIPTORS:

(.PROGRAMMING

COMPUTERS),

DIGITAL COMPUTERS),

REAL

TIME,

SCHEDULING,

ALGEBRA,

PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES,

COMPUTER

LOG

I C u

IDENTI7IER

:

CALCULAID,

TIME-SHARING

SYSTEMS,

MAC

PROjECT,

OPS,

ON-LINr

COMPUTER SYSTEMS

(U)

OPS

IS

AN

ON-LINE SYSTEM

DEVELOPED

AT

PROJECT

MAC,

THE

PRESENT

WORK

PROVIDES

A

POWERFUL

AND

SIMPLE

WAY

TO

PERFORM

NUMERICAL

MANIPULATIONS

AND

CALCULATIONS

WITHIN

OPS,

THE

PROGRAM

PACKAGE

IS

CALLED

CALCjLAID,

AND

PROVIDES

A

METHOD

OF

EXECUTING

ALGEBRAIC

ASSIGNMENT

STATEMENTS,

OF

WHICH

MAD

AND

FORTRAN

ASSGNMENTS

ARE

A

SUBSET,

WHEN

THIS

ASSIGNMENT-STATEMENT

ABILITY

IS

COUPLED

WITH

OTHER

FEATURES

Or

THE

OPS

SYSTEM,

MOST

OF THE

ASILITY

OF

A

COMPILER

LANGUAGE

IS

PROVIDED,

bECAUSE

THE

PROGRAMS WRITTEN

IN

OPS

ARE

EXECUTED

INTERPRETIVELY,

OPS-J

PROGRAMS

CAN

BE

CHANCED

AND

RE-RUN IMMEDIATELY,

WITmOT

BEING

RECCmPILED,

THE

APPLICATIONS

O

CALCULAID

TO

THE

ANALYSIS

OF

A

ROUND-ROBI

SCHEDULING

MODEL

AND

TO

A

PROCESS-CONTRCL

PROBLEM

-RE

DISCUSSED,

AND

CONCLUSIONS

ARE

DRAWN

REGARDING

iE

SUITABILITY

OF

RUNNINS

COMAL)ATIONAL

PROGRAMS

IN

AN

INTERPRETIVE

MODE,

(AUTHOR)

(U)

UNCSS5TIrE

JI

/

UNCLASSIFIED

DoC

REPORT

BIBLIOGRAPHY

SEARCH CONTRPL

NO,

100328

AD-476

443

1l/1

9/a

MASSACHUSETTS

INST

OF

TECH

CAMBRIOGE

DEPT

OF

METALLURGY

MAP.

A

SYSTEM

FO R

ON-LINE

MATHEMATICAL

ANALYSIS.

DESCRIPTION

OF

THg

LANGUAGE

AND

INSTRUCTION

MANUAL,

(U)

JAN

64

104P

KAPLOO

,ROY

ISfRONG

,STEPHEN

IBRACK(TTJOHN

I

REPT,

NO,

MAC-TR-2q

CONTRACTI

NONR'-410ijoQ)

PROJI

NR-ON-I9

UNCLASSIFIEQ

REPORT

DESCRIPTORS:

(*.,OMPUTERS,

MATHEMATICAL

ANALYSIS),

MAN-.MACHINE

SYSTEMi,

NUMERICAL

ANALYSIS,

INSTRUCTION MANUALS

(U)

IDENTIFIERSI

MAC

PROJECT, ON-LINE

MATHEMATICAL

ANALYSIS

1

iAP)

(U)

A

SYSTEM

FOR

ON-LINE

MATHEMAT

CAL

ANALYSIS,

CALLED

MAP, HAS

BEEN

DEVELOPED

FOR

USE

WITHIN

THE

M,I,T,

COMPATIBLE

TIME

SHARING

SYSTEM,

YAKING

ADVANTAGE

OF

THE

VARIED

USER-MACH

N[

iNTERACTIONS

WHICH

ARE

POSSISLg,

MAP

PROVIDES

A

FACILITY

FOR

HANDLING

COMPLEX

#NALYSES,

DATA

INPUT

AND

PRESENTATION

OF

RESU;LTS

WITHOUT

REQUIRING

ANY

COMPUTER

PROGRAMMING

SY

THE

USER,

THIS

REPORT

IS

A

DESCRIPTION

OF

Tm;

LANGUAGE

AND

A

SELF-TEACHING

USER

MANUALI

IT

DOES

NIT

DESCRIS

THE

TECHNIQUES

USED

TO

MPLEMNT

"HE

SYSTEM,

WHEN

<

IVEN

INCOrtPLET[

REOUESTS,

THE

SYSTEM

WILL

PROVIDE

INSTNUCTIONS

REGARDING

THE

USE

OF

ITS

PROCEDURES

AND

SILL

ASK

FOR

ALL THE

PARANETERI,

VALUES

AND

OPTION

DECISIONS

WHICH

MAY

BE

REQUIRED,

if

THE

REQUESTS

ARE

CORRECT

AND

SUFFICIENTLY

DETAILED,

THE

COMPUTER

WILL

PROCEED

DiRECTLY

TO

THE

CALCULATIONS

AND,

ON

COMMAND,

PRESENT

THE

R(SULTS

IN

GRAPHICAL

OR

TYPEWRITTEN

FORM,

PROVISIONS

HAVE

AblSO

EEN

INCLUDED

TO

ALLOW

IHE

EXPANSION

AND

PERSONALIZATION

OF

THE

SYSTEM

IN

WHATEVER

MANNER

IS

DESIRE

SY

INDIVIDUAL

USERS,

(AUT

CR)

(u)

UNCLASSIFIED

/00321

UNCLASSIFIED

DOC

REPORT

BIBLIOGRAPHY

SEARCH

CONTRC.

NO.

100320

AD-603

972

RANO

CORP

SANTA

M"NICA

CALIF

JOSS!

A

DESIGNER'S

VIEW

OF

AN

EXPERIMENTAL

ON-LINE

COMPUT!NG

SYSTEM,

U

AUG

6'

36P

SHAJ, C, I

REPT,

NO.

FI-~222

UNCLASSIIED

REPORT

SUPPLEMENTARY

NOTE:

THIS

PAPER

WAS

PREPARED

FOR

PRESENTATION

AT

THE

19Y44

FALL

JOINT

COmPUTER

CON7EPENCE, SPONSORED

BY

THE

AME*ICAN

FEDERATION

OF

INrGRMATION

PROCESSING

SOCIETIES,

SAN

FKANCISCO,

27-29

OCT

44.

DESCRIPTORS:

(*SPECIAL

PURPOSE

COMPuTERS,

DATA

PROCESSING

SYSTEMS),

(*DATA

PROCESSING

SYSrEMS,

INPUT-

OUTPUT

OEVICES)

.

TYPEWRITERS,

"'MMUNICATION

SYSTEMS,

COMPUTER

STORAGE

DEVICES,

PROGRAMMING

LANGUAGES

(U

IDENTIFIERS:

TIME

SHARING

(COMPUTERS)

,

JOSS

(.jOHNNIAC

OPEN-SwOP

SYSTEM)

(U)

JOSS

(JOHNNIAC

OPEN-SHOP

SYSTEM)

IS

At

EvOERIMENTAL

ON-LINE,

TI

E-SNARED

COMPuITING

SERVICE.

IT

IS

IN

fCAILY

USE

BY

STAFr

MEMBERS

UO

THE

RANC

CORPORATION

FOR

THE

SOLUTION

OF

SMALL

NumERICAL

PROBLEMS,

THE

USERS

COMPOSE

STORED

PROGRAMS

AND

INTERACT

WITH

JOSS

THROUGH REMOTE

TYPEWRITER

CONSOLES

By

USING

A

SINGLE,

HIGH-LEVEL LANGUAGE.

THE

SYSTEM

IS

DESCRIBED

WITw

EMPmAgIS

ON

THOSE

FEATURES

W-ICH

HAVE

LED

USEMS

TO

ACCEMT

IT

AS

A

CONVENIENT

NEW

TOOL.

JOSS

PROVIOES

USE

Or

rAMI

lAR

TYPEWRITERS,

EXA*T

INPUT/OUTPUT,

DECIMA.

ARITHWETIC,

HIGH-LEVEL

ALGEBRAIC LANGUAGE

WI

T

ENGLISH

PUNCTuATION

RULES,

jASY

MODIFICATION

ANO

REPAIR

OF

PROGRAMS,

AND

RE"ORI-GUALITY

rORMATTED

OUTP:,#

(AUTHOR)

Q

)

tN

A. s ir E r

I

UNCLASSIFIED

ODC

iEPORT

BIBL0GRAPHY

SEARCH

CONTRC.

NO,

/OC00.

RAND CORP SANTA

MONICA

CAL!F

JOSS:

EXAMPLES

OF

74E

USE

OF

AN

EXPElRMENTAL

ON-LINE

COMPUTING

SERV'

E, (U)

APR

65

I.#

SHAW'.J

C, I

REPT,

NO,

P-3131

UNCLASSIFIED

RE03RT

5.MPLEMENTARY

NOTES

LIMITED

NUMBER

Of

COPIES

CONTAINING

COLOR OTHER

THAN

l6o

'

AND

WHITE

ARE

AVAILABLE

UNTIL

STOCK

IS

EXHAUSTED,

REPRODUCiIONS

WILL

BE

MADE

IN

BLACK

ANC

WHITE

ONLY,

PRESENTED

AT

THE

SIXTH

ANNUAL

SYMPOSIVM

OF

THE

PROFESSIONAb

GROUP

ON

HUMAN

FACTORS

loo

ELECTRONICS,

THE

INSTITUTE

OF

ELECTRICAL

AND

ELECTRONjC ENGINEERS,

80STON,

MAY

6-8,

1965,

"SCRIPTORS:

(OSPE(

AL

F

'RPOSE

COMPUTERS,

NUMERICAL

<

HODS

AND

PROCEDVRES)

,

(ONU¢ERJCAL

METHODS

AND

PROCEDURES,

SPECIA6 PURPOSE

C'YTERS),

(eDATA

PROCESSING

SYSTEMS,

SPLCIAL .4POSE

COMPUTERS),

NUMBERS,

NUMERICAL ANALYSIS,

PkOGRAhMING

LANGUAGE5,

INPUT-OUTPUV

OEV|CgS

(U)

IDENi'IFIERO:

JOSS

(JOHNNIAC

OPEN-SHOP

SYSTEM),

ON-

LINE

SVSTEMS,

TIME

5HARfNfJ

(COrPUTERS)

(U)

CONTENTS

(SINCE

JISS

IGNORES

INPUT

LINES

BEGINNING

WITH

AN

ASTERISK,

THE

DEVICE

IS

USED

TO

INTERPOSE

COMMENTS

IN

THE

EXAMPLESI

ON

THE

ORIGINAL

COP

,

OUTPUT

I

IN

a

ACK

AND

INPUT

IN

GREEN).'

ELEMENTS

O

THE

LANGUAGE

STORED

PROGRAM

FOR

COMPUTING

THE

HYPOTFNUSE INTEGPATION

OF

I/X

BY

GkUSS

?-POINT

RULk

ROOT

FINDING

MATRIX

INVERSION

WITH SIMPLE

PIVOTING

ON

THE

DIAGONAL

AN

-SrERISK

AT

THE

END CAN

-

ILL

YHE

LINE

PRODUCTION

OF

A

FOPMATTED

TAFLE,

(U)

6

UNCLASSIFIED

100321

UNCLAS$SIUD

DOC

MEPORT

31SLIOGRA"U

-

SEARCH

CONTROL

NO,

/00328

AD-61S

bO4

RAND

CORP

SANTA

MONICA

CALIF

JOSS:

CONVERSATIONS

Wf

iM

THE

JOMNNI-C

OPENSHO7

SYSTEM,

(U)

MAY

*3 &P

SHAW,.',

C,

REPT,

NO,

P-31

t

UNCLASSIFIED

REPORT

SUPPLEMENTA

Y

NOTE:

PRESENTED

AT

THE

INTURNATIONAL

PEDFRATION

FOR

INFOOMATtON

FROCESSINC

CONGRESS,

NE*

YORK,

N,

Y.,

24-29

MAY

65,

SEE

ALSO

AD-603

97 ,

AD-614

V12o

DESCRZPTOASI

(*SPECIAL

PURPOS

COMPUTER

,

NkwMEUICAL

ME 7

HODS

AND

PROCEDURES),

(eNUMERICAL

METHODS

AND

PROCEDURES,

SPEC!AL

PURPOSE COMPUTERS;,

(*DATA

PROCESSING

SYSTEMS,

SPEMtAL

PURPOSE

COmPUTERS),

NUMEPICAL

ANALYSIS.

PROGRAMMING

(COMPUTERS),

PROGRAMMING

LANGUAGES

(U)

IDENTIFIERS: ON-LINE SYSTEMS,

JOSS

(JOHNNIAC

OPENSHOP

SYSTEM

,

TIME

SHARING

(COMPUTERS)

(U)

tHE

JOHNNIAC

OPEN-SHOP

SYSTEM

(4OSS)

IS

AN

EXPE1IMENTAL

SYSTEM

DESIGNED

TO

DEMONSTRATE

BENEFITS

OF

)N-LINE

INTERACTION

WITH

A

COMPUTER,

PARTICULARLY

A

COMPUTER

LIMITED

TO

SMALL

NUMERICAL

COMPUTATIONS

SUCH

AS

THE

JOHNNIAC.

EXAMPLES

ARE

GIVEN

OF

(ONVERSATION

WITH

THE

COMPUTING

SYSTEM WHEREBY

COMPUTING

REGUIREMENTS

ARE

MET

THAT

ARE

NOT

WELL

SATiSP1ED

BY

CONVENTIONAL

SERVICES,

THE

FIRST

EXAMPLE

IS

OF

THE

PRODUCTION

O A

TABLE WITH

THE

CONVERSATION

DIR

TING

JOSS

To

MODIFY

THE

PROGRAM

Tj

SPECIFY

pYTHAGOREAN

TRIPLES

JOSS

STORES

NUMERICAL

VALUES,

FORMS.

AND

STEPS

THAT

BEGIN

WITH

NUMERICAL

LABELS.

THE

SECOND

EXAMPLE

IS

OF THE

ASSISTANCE

;OSS

GIVES

SY

EXTENSIVE

CHECKING

OF

THE

USER'S

INSTRUCTIONS,

.J

SS

COMMENTS

FROM

A

STOCK

OF

40

'CANNED'

MESSAGES

(MOSTL,'

ERROR

MESSAGES),

FREQOUENTLY

ALLOWING

THE

USER

TO

REPAIR

AN

ERROR

ON

TM

SPOT

AND

DIRECY

JOSS

TO

CONTINUE,

(U)

UNCLASSIrIED

/00328

jt

tNC6ASSIFIED

DOC

RPFGRT

BLIOGRAPY

SEARCH CONTROL

No*

/00328

AD-41S

65B

MASSACHUSETTS

INST

O

TECH

LEXINGTON

LINCOLN

LAS

AN

EXPERIMENTAL

ON-L!NE

DATA

STORAGE

AND

RETRIEVAL

SYSTEM,

(U)

ED

t5

42P

NOLAN,J,

F,

;ARMENTIoA,

0 1

REPT,

NO,

TR-377

*

CONTRACT:

AFI9

428

500

,NONR410201

MONITOR!

ESD

,TOR-4S-36

UNCLASSIFIED

REPORT

SUPPLEMENTARY

NOTEc

DESCRIPTORS:

*oPROrRAMMING

(COMPUTERS

,

DATA

STORAGE

SYSTEMS),

(*DATA

STORAGE

SYSTEMS,

PROGKAMMING

ICOMPUTERS):,

INFORMATION RETRIEVAL,

COMPUTER

LOGIC,

DATA

TRANSMISSION

SYSTCMS,

COMPUTERS,

MULTIPLE

OPERATION

(U)

IDENTIFIERS:

LI

T

PROCESSING,

MAC

PRO.)ECT,

ON-LINE

SYSTEMS, COMPUTER

WORDS,

TIME

SHARING (COMPUTERS)

(U)

THIS

REPORT

DESCRIBES

AN

EXPERIMENTAL

PROGRAM

SYSTEM DESIGNED

TO

TEST

AND

DEMONSTRATE

ON-LINE

STORAGE

AND

RETRIEVAL

OF

FOR'iATTED

DATA

BASED

ON

COMPLETE

INTERNAL

DESCRIPTIONS

OF

THE

FILES,

THE

USE

OF

INTERNAL

D9SCRIPTIONS

ALLOWS

EACH USER

(WHO

NEED

NOT

BE

A

TRAINED

PROGRAMMER)

TO

DEFINE,

MOD!rY,

AHO

CROSS-ASSOCIATE

DATA

FILES

TO

SUIT

HIS

PART'CULAR

NEEDS,

YHE

EXPERIMENTAL

PROGRAM

SYSTEM

WAS

IMPLEMEN7ED

By

REMOTE

USE

O

THE

COMPAT'BLE

TIMESHARING

SYSTEM

'CTSSj

FACILITjES

Of

PROJECT

MAC

AT

TNE

MASSACMUSETTS

INSTITUTE

OF

TECHNOLOGY,

(AUTHQR)

(U)

UNCLASSIFIED

/Oolas

-S1

UNCLAS

IrIEo

DDC

REPORT

PIBLIOGRAPMY

SEARCH CONTROL

NO,

/0032f.

AD-41$

731

SYSTEM

DEVELOPMENT

CORP

SANTA

MONICA

CALIF

FUNDAMENTALS

OF

INFORMATION

PROCESSING

%ND

COMPUTERS

FOR

STATE

AND

LOCAL

GOVERNMENT,

(U)

MAY

S

3'P

KIBBEEJOEL

ti,

REPT,

NO,

SP-2073

UNCLASSIFIED

REPORT

SUPPLEMENTARY

NOTE:

DESCRIPTORS:

(*DATA

PROCESSING

SYSTEMS,

MANAGEMENT

ENGINEERING),

(*COMPUTERS,

MANAGEMENT ENGINEERING),

PROGRAMMING

(COMPUTERS),

REAL

TIME,

PROGRAMMING

LANGUAGES, INPUT-OUTPUT

DEVICES

(U)

IDENTIFIERS:

T;ME

'HARING

(COMPUTERS),

ON-LINE

SYSTEMS,

INFORMATION

SYSTEMS,

LOCAL.

GOVERNMENTS

(U)

THE

PAPER

INTRODUCES

TO

TME

PUBLIC

MANAGER

THE

FUNDAPIENALS

OF

INFOP

TION

PROCESSING

AND

COMPUTERS,

To

UNDCRSTAND

COMPUTZRS,

1T

IS

NECESSARY

TO

D'STINGUISH

BETWEEN 'HARDWARE'

AND

'SOFTWARE.'

HARDWARE

IS

THE

PHYSICAL

P:ECE

OF

EQUIPMENT,

SOFTWARE

IS

EVERYTAING

ELSE--PROGRAMS

AND

PROCEDURES--NEEDED

BY

PEOPLE

TO

MAKE

COMPUTERS

USEFUL,

A

COMPUTER

SHOULD

NOT

RE

THOUGHT

OF

AS

SOMETHING

WHIC)

EXISTz,

INDEPENDENTLY

OF

SOFTWARE.

THIS

PAPER DEALS

FIRST

WITH

THE

INFORMATION

SYSTEM-

-A

COL'_fCTION

CF

MEN,

MACHINES,

AND

SOFTWARE,

WITH

EACH

ASSIGNED

THAT TASK

WHICH

EACH

DOES

BEST--AND

THEN

DISCUSSES

HARDPARE

AND

DATA

COMMUNICATIONS.

SOFTWARE.

MORE

IMPORTANT

THAN

HARDWARE,

AND

EQUALLY

COSTLY,

IS

TREATED

WITH

PRIMARILY EMPHASIS

ON

PROGRAMMER

AND

USER

LANGOACES,

TIME-SHARING.

5-FTWARE-SHARING,

AND

INFORMATION-SHARING

ARE

COVERED,

AS

WELL

AS

THE

CONCEPTS

OF

A

UNIFIED

INFtRMATION SYSTEM

AND

A

COORDINATED

INFORMATION

SYSTEM,

THE

PAPER

CONCLUDES

WITH

A

SUGGESTION

THAT

STATE

AND

LOCAL

GOVERNMENT

MIGHT,

THROUGH

JOINT

DEVELOPMENT,

DECREASE

THE

COST

OF

SOFTWARE

FOR

EACH

OF

THI'i,

(AUTHOR)

(U)

UNCLASSI

IE0

/0032

r

/

UNCLASSIFIED

DOC

REPORT

BIALIOGRAPHY

SEARCH -ONTROL

NO.

/OOJ8

AIR

FORCE

CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH

LAOS

L G

HANSCOM

FIELD

MASS

DEBuG.

AN

EXTENSION

TO

CURRENT

ONLINE

DEBUGGING

TECsNIUES,

DESCRIPTIVE

NOTE:

PIHYSICAL

AND

MATHEMATICAL

SCIENCES

RESEARCH

PAPE4SI

NOV

64

13P

EVANS,THOMAS

6,

;DARLEY,D,

LUCL.E

I

REPT,

NO,

APCRL-&S-411

4PMSRP-1I10

PRO:

q4NI

TASKI

'44IO2

UNCLASSIFIEQ

REPORT

SUPPLEMENTARY

NOTE:

PUB,

IN

COMMUNICATIONS

OF THE

ACM

V&

NS

P31-4

MAY

1963

(COPIES

NOT

AVAILABLE

TO

DOC

OR

CLEARINGHOUSE

CUSTgMERSj,

PREPARED

IN

COOPERATION

WITh

BOLT,

BERANEK,

AND

NEWMAN,

CAMBRIDGE,

MASS,

DESCRIPTORSI

(OPRCGRAMMING(COMPUTERS),

CORRECTIONS),

PROG$AMMING

LANGUAGES

AU)

IDENTIFIERS:

M-460

COMPUTERIUNIVAC),

RAP

COMPUTER ASSEMBLER,

ON-INE

SYSTEMS,

STUD

COMPUTER

PROGRAM,

DEBUG

CCMPUTER

PROGRAM,

TIC

COMPUTER

PROGRAM,

OT

COMPUTER PROGRAM

IU)

A

METHOD

FOR

ONLINE

ASSEMBLY-LANGUAGE

DEBuGGING

WHICH GREATLY

SIMPLIFIES

SEVERAL

OF

THE

BOCKKEEPING

TASKS

CHARACTERISTICALLY ASSOCIATED

WITH

THAT

PROCESS

HAS

BEEN

DEVELOPED

AND

,'PLEMENTED

IN

A

PROGRAM

FOR

THE

UNIVAC M-q&0

COMPUTER

AT

AIR

FORCE

CAMBRIDGE

-ESEARCH

1

.BORATORIES.

WITH

THIS

PROGRAM,

AN

ONLINj

USER

MAY

IN..ERT

OT

DELETE

(IN

SYMBOLIC

ASSEMBLY

LANGUAGE)

ANY

NUMBER

OF

LINES

AT

ANY

POINT

OF

HIS

PREVIOUSLY

ASSEMBLED

PROGRAM

IN

CORE,

WITH

HE

EMAINDER

OF

THE

PROGRAM

BEING

RELOCATED

APPROPRIATELY,

(AUTHOR)

IU)

10

UNCLASSI'

1(0 ,O

UNCLASSIPIED

DD

REFORT

1XIBLOGRAPHY

SEARCH

CONTROL

NO,

1O0328

AD-*Z2

$10

STANORD

RESEARC4

INT

MENLO

PARK

CALIF

RESEARCM

ON

COMPUTER-AUGMENTED

INFORMATION

MANAGEMENT,

(U)

DESCRIPTIVE

NOTI:

FINAL

REPT,,

MAR

65

t3aP

ENGELdAkTD,

C,

HUDODART,BONNIr

I;

CONTRACT:

AF1

628

4088

PROj:

SRI

4 8T

MONITOR:

ES)

,

TDR-63-169

UNCLASSIP

ID

REPORT

SUPPLEMENTARY

NOTE:

SEE

ALSO

AD-43i

098,

DESCRIPTORS!

(*PROGRAMMING(COMPUTERS),

DESIGN).

(*PHOTOGRAPHIC

TECHNIQUES, COMPUTERS),

(*MANAGEMENT

ENG!NEERING,

CCMPUTERS),

DATA

PROCESSING

SYSTEM,

DATA

STORAGE

SYSTEMS,

INSTRUCTICN

MANUALS,

DOCUMENTATION,

REPORTS,

AUTOMTION,

PRINTING,

PHOTOGRAPHIC

TECNNIOUES

(U)

IDENTIFIERS:

ON-LINE SYSTEMS,

FLO*

CHARTS,

INFORMATIONMANAGEMENT

SUBSYSTEM,

COC-160-A

COMPUTER,

PUBLICATION

1U)

THIS

REPORT

PRESENTS

RESULTS

OF

A

RESEARCH

AND

EXPERIMENTAL

PROJECT

IN

COMPUTER-AuCMENTED

INFORMATION

MANAGEMENT,

THE

REPORT

IS, IN

ITSELF

A

PRODUCT

OF

THE

PROJECT:

WITH

THE

EXCEPTION

Or

'FRONT

MATTER,'

THE

ENTIRE REPORT

WAS

COAPOSED,

K3ITED,

AND

PRODUCED

WITH

ON-LINE

AND

OFF-LINE

COMPUTER

AIDS,

FOR

THIS

PROjE

T,

THE

TECHNIQUES

OF

COMPUTER

AIDS

WERE

APPLIED

TO

TW0

AREAS:

TASK

MONITORING

AND

PRORAM

DESIGN,

THE

P4

OCESSES

AND

TECHNIQUES DEVELOPED

OFFER

A

PROMISING BEGINNING

To

COMPUTER-AIDED PROGRAMMING

Vf$IGN

EXTENDING

FROM

INITIAL

SPECIFICATION

TO

FINAL

DEBUGG!NG

IN

A

UNIFIED

DESIGN

RECORD

THAT

GROW$

AND

EVCLVES

TO

COMPLE

TE

FINAL

DOCUMENTATION,

THE

PROCESSES

AND

TECHNIQUES

ALSO

OFrER

PROMISE

IN

INCREASING

THI

PROOUCTIVITY

nF

INDIVIDUALS

AND

GROUPS

OF

PROGRAMMERS,

FUTURE

*ORA

ENVISIONED

FOR

INFORMATION-MANAGFMENT

SYSTEMS

SUCH

AS

THAT

USED

IN

THIS

STUDY

INCLUDE

PROGRAM

DESIGN

RsCORDS,

EXTERNAL

REFERENCE DOCUMENTATIC',

AND

USER

REFERENCE

MANJALS,

AS

AN

APPENDIX,

THERE

IS

ATTACHED

'USER'S

GUIDE!

MAN-MACHINE

INPORMATION

SYSTEM,'

REVISEC

)UNE

lq6S,

(AUTHOR)

(u)

UNCLAbSIF!EC

/o3i2

//

UNCLASSIFIED

DOC

REPORT

BIBLIOGRAPHY

SEARCH CONTROL

NO,

/00328

AD-623

79&

9/2

LINCOLN

LAB

MASS

INST

OP

TECH

LEXINGTON

AN

E!'ERIMENTAL

ON-LINE

DATA

STORAGE

AND

RETRIEVAL

SYSTEM,

(U)

DESCRIPTIVE

NOTE:

REVISED

ED,,

SEP

&S

442P

NOLANJOHN F, I

ARMENTIAMEDIO

W, I

REPT,

NO,

TR-377

CONTRACT:

AF9i(&as)-3s4?

,NONR-qo2(O|1

MONITOR:

ESO

,

TDR-6S-4S6

UNCLASSIFIED

REPORT

SUPPLEMENTARY

NOTE:

REVISION

OF

MANUSCRIPT

SUBMITTED

i

FEB

&5,

DESCRIPTORS:

(eDATA

STORAGE SYSTEMS,

PROGRAMMING(CC

UT;RS));

40PROGRAMMING(C

MPVTZRS),

DATA

STORAGE

SYSTEMS),

(ODATA

t

INFORMATION

RETRIEVAL),

DATA

PROCESSING

SYSTEMS, C.MPUTERS,

MAN-MACHINE

SYSTEMS

(U)

IDENTIFIERS:

TIME

SHARINGICOMPUTERS;,

ON-LINE

SYSTEMS,ILE

STRUCTVRES,

LIST

PROCESSING

(U)

THIS

REPORT

DESCRIBES

AN

EXPERIMENTAL

PROGRAM

SYSTEM

DESIGNED

T2

TEST

AND

DEMONSTRATE

ON-LINE

S

"PAGE

AND

RETRIEVAL

OF

FORMATTED

DATA

BASED

ON

COMPLETE

INTERNAL

DESCRIPTIONS

0

THE

FILES,

-HE

USE

OF

INTERNAL

DgSCRIPTIONS

ALLOWS EACH

USER

(WHO

NEED

NOT

BE

A

TRAINED

PROGRAMMER)

TO

DEFINE,

MODIFY,

AND

CRSS.ASSOCIArL

DATA

FILES

TO

SUIT

W'S

PARTICUL.%R

NEEDS@

THE

EXPERIMENTAL

PROGRAM

SYSTEM

WAS

IMPLEMENTED

I

REMOTE

USE

Cr

THE

COMPATIBLE

TIME-SHARING

SYSTM

(CTSS)

FACILIwIES

OF

PROJECT

MAC

AT

THg

MASSACHUSETTS

INSTITUTE

OF

TECHNOLOGY,

(AUTHOR)

lui

1?

UNCLASSIP'IEO

10O321

UNCLASSIFIED

DOC

REPORT

BIBLIOGRAPHY

SEARCS

CONTROL

NO,

10O328

AD-b3

004

9/2

SYSTEM

DEVELOPMENT

CORP SANTA

MONICA

CALIF

LISP

PRIMER:

A

SELF-TUTOR

FOR

0-32

LISP

1,5,

(U)

DESCRIPTIVE

NOTE:

TECHNICAL

MEMO,,

JUN

65

I$2P

WEISSMANCLARK

I

REPT,

NO,

TM-2337/O1/O0

CONTRACT:

SD-Y7

UNCLASSIFIED

REPORT

SUPPLEMENTARY

NOTE:

DESCRIPTORS:

(*PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES,

INSTRUCTI)N

MANUALS)

(U)

IDENTIFIERS:

LISP,

AN/FSO-32,

ON-LINE SYSTEMS

(U)

THE

COCUMENT

IS

A

SELF-TUTOR

fOR

LISP

1,5

PROGRAMMING,

PARTICULARLY

FOR

ON-LINE

0-32

LISP

1,5,

MATERIAL

IS

ORGANIZED

INTO

CHAPTERS

THAT,

BY

DISCUSSION

AND

EXAMPLE,

PROGRESSIVELY

EXPAND

THE

STUDENT'S

UNDrRSTANDING

OF

THE

LANGUAGE

AND

ABILITY

TO

WRITE

PROGRAMS

IN

THE

LANGUAGE#

A

CAREFULLY

SELECTED

AND

GRADLATED

SET

OF

EXERCISES

FOKI

USE

ON-

LINE

IS

PROVIDrI

AS

AN

INTEGRAL

PART

OF

EACH

CHAPTER.

COMPUTER-CHECKED

ANSWERS

FOR

EACH

EXERCISE

ARE ALSO

PROVIDED

AS

A

SEPARA

E

APPENDIX,

THE

DOCUMENT

IS

NOT

AN

EXHAUSTIVE

TJEATISE

ON

LISP

I,$,

BUT,

RATHER,

A

PRACTICAL

PRMER

THAT

PROVIOES

THE

SERIOUS

STUDENT

WITH

A

SOLID

FOUNDATION

FOR

UNDERSTANDING

THE

PROGRAMMING

LANGUAGE

AND

SYSTEM.

HE

MAY

THEN

EASILY

SUPPLEMENT

HIS

KNOWLEDGE

FROM

OTHER SOURCES,

(AUTHOR)

L I

,;NCLASSIIED

UNCLASSIFIED

DOC

REPORT

BIBLIOGRAPHY

SEARCH

CONTROL.

NO,

/003aB

AD-6aS

003

91/?

5/

SYSTEM

DEVELOPMENT

CORP SANTA

MON!CA

CALIF

?HEORY,

PRACTICE,

AND

TR

D

IN

BUSINESS

PROCRAhMING.

(U))

DESC" PTIVE

NOTE:

PROFESSIONAL

PAPER,

JUL

65

23P

SHAWC

PRISTOPHER

4,

REPTO

NO,

SP-?O/O0|/O?

UNCLASSIFIED

REPORT

SUPPLEMENTARY

NOTE?

DESCRIPTORSI

(*PROGRAMMING

LANGUAGES, COMmERCE),

f

PROGRAMMING(COMPUTERS),

COMMERCE),

THEORY,

STATE-OF-THE-ART

RgV'EWS,

DATA

PROCESSING

LANGUAGES

IDENTIFIERS;

TIME

SHARINO(COMPUTERS),

ON-LINE

SYSTEMSFILE

STRUCTURES,

COLINGO,

LUCID

LANGUAGE

(U)

SORV'vS

SOME

WORK

DONE

IN

7ME

LAST

FEW

YEARS

IN

THE

UNITED STATES,

BOTH

PRACTICAL

AND

THEORETICAL

IN

NATURE, LIKELY

TO

HAVE

AN

IMPACT

ON

PROGRAMMING

PRACTICES

FOR

COM4ERCIAL

AND

ADMINISTRATIVE

PROOLEMS,

TOPIrS

INCLUDE:

NQNPROCEDURAL

LANGUAGES,

WHICH

EMPHASIZE PRUGLEM

STATEMENT

RATHER

THAN

PROBlEM-

SOLVING

PROCEOUREl?

GENERALIZED

FILE

PROCESSING

SYSTfMS, WHICH

ENABLE

PROGRAM

TO

BE

DESCRIBED

IN

TERMS

Of

FILES

ANR

REPORTS

AND

SMAI.L

SETS

OF

RELAT

ELY

POWERFUL

FILEKEEPING OPERATIONS;

USEROR

NTED,

Om-6INE

SYSTEMS

TAT

ALLOW

THE

NONPROGRAM'

R,

SITTING

AT

A

LCCA

OR

REMOTE

TERMINAL,

T^,

RETR!(Vf

AND

PqOCESS

DATA,

(AUTHOR)

U

Q.NC.ASSIFIED

100321

UNCLASSI

FED

'0OC

REPORT

BI6LIOGRAP-Y

SEARCH

CONTROL

NO.

lOO326

A

-*a6

143

9/2

5/7

AIR

FORCE

CAMBR:DGE RESEARCH

LAOS

L G

HANSCOM

FIELD

MASS

MACHINE-AIDED

DESIGN

O

CCNTEXT-FREE

GRAMMARb.

(U)

DESCRIPTIVE

NOTE:

PHYSICAL

AND

MATHEMATICAL

SC,ENCES

RESEARCH

PAPERS,

OCT

&5

25P

EVANS,

MOMAS

G, I

PROj!

AF-46

TASKI

464410

MONITOR'

AFCRL

,

j-74.7,PMSRF-Is

UNCLASSIFIED

REPORT

NOFORN

SUPPL'MENTARY

NOTE:

DESCRIPTORS:

.oCON7

XT

FREE

GRAMMARS,

DESIGN),

SYNTAX,

ANALYSIS,

PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES,

GRAMMARS

(U)

IDENTIFIERS:

LISF,

TREE

DIAGRAMSILINGUISTI:S),

BACKUSNORMAL

FORM,

ON-LINE SV5TEMS

(U)

A

PROGRAM

MAS

BEEN

OEVELOPEO

TO

ASSIST

AN

ON-LINE

USER

IN

THE

MoD,#rICATICN

AND

TESTING

O

AN

ARBITRARY

CONTEXT-tREE

PHRASE-S-R;CTURE

GRAMMAR,

COMMANDS

ARE

AVAILASLE

To

THE

USER

PERMITTING

HIM

TO

INSERT

OR

DELE

TE

GRAMMAR

RULES, DEFINE

TEST

STRINGS,

OR

ATTEMPT

TO

PARSE

SPECIFIED

TEST

ST7INGS

ArCORD!NG

To

THE

CURRENT

GRAMMAR,

FUQrmER

COMMANDS

GIVE

THE

USER

EXTENSIVE

CONTROL

OVER

*mA'

OUTPUT

AND

DIAGNCSTIC

INFCRMAT'ON

NE

RfC7IvfS

FROm

!)AF

OROGRA-

A%,

PROVIDE

FACILITIES

FOR

ISOLA'!'4O

A# ,

)!AGNOSTNG

I

rr

UCTL

I ES

*ITM

THE

GRAM"PAR,

CNE

*CRS!Z'N

ir

TP4

PROJGRAM

IS

ORIT

T

EN

EN'

I*CL

IN

L:SO

AN,

"(NCE

IS

A A

LASLF

FOR

USE

ON

ANr

mACHI:r

F

'

a

1

,

, ! OSP

PR^C

fSSO"

EXISTS

AND

SUI'ASL

-

NV

*c"ESS

,'

P0SS

IBLE,

THIS

RE

ORT

IS A

nFv

S '

'

PA(

R'ESENTED

AT

THE

NATIONAL

C0%'rEq*

N*r

* -

ASSlC

!A I

ON

70R

COMP-

-TING

AUGUST,

1941,

UNCLASSIFIED

DOC

REPORT

8IBLIOGRAPHY

SEARCH

CONTROL

NO,

/00186

40-627

537

9/2

MASSACMuSETTS

INSI

Or

TECM

CAMBR;DGE

PRf

GRAMMING

SEMANTICS

FOR

MULTIPROG*AMMED

COMPUTAT

IONS,

(U)

DEC

6.

$d4P

OENNISJACX 9,

:VAN

mORN,EARL

C, I

REPT,

NO,

MAC-TR-i#

CONTRACTI

NONR-4102(oi)

PROJ!

N*-O8l-19

UNCLASSIFIEO

REPORT

SUPPLEMENTARY

NOTE:

PRESENTED

AT

THE

ASSCI!ATION

FOR

COMPUTING

MAC4

NERy,

CONFERENCE

ON

PROGRAMMING

LANGUAGES

AND

PRAGMATICS,

SAN

DIMAS,

CALIF,,

AUG

4-13

1965,

REPT,

ON

PROj,

MAC,

DESCRIPTORS:

(e0,ROGRAMMING(C

OMI

TER5S

,

SEMANTICS),

(*SEMANTICS,

PROGRAMMING(COMOUTV

RS

) ,

REAL

TIME,

PROGRAMMING

LANGUACES,

COMPUTER

STORAGE

DEVICES,

INPUT-OUTPUT

DEVICES

(U)

IDENTIFIERS:

TIME

SMARING(COMPUTERS),

MA"

PROJECT,ON-LINE

SvstEMS,

MULTIPLE

ACCESS SYSTEM,

FILESTRUCTURES,

;ItRARCHT,

ALGOL

(UI

THE

SEMANTICS

RkE

OEP

.NED

FOR

A

Nt.18ER

OF META

-

INSTR

CT

IONS

*"ICU

PERFORM

OPERATIONS

ESSENTIAL

TO

THE

WRITING

OF

PRqGRAMS

IN

MULTIPROGRAMMED

COMPuTFP

SYSTEMS.

ASE

Mfy*-INSTRuCTIONS

RELATE

TO

PARALLEL

PROCESSING,

PROTECTION

OF

SEPARATE

COMPUTATIONS,

PROGRAM

DEBUGGING,

AND

t f

SNARING

AMONG USERS

OF

kiMOR

Y

SEGMENTS

AND

OT"ER

COMPUTING

OBJCTS,

TWE

NAMES

OF

0RNIC

ARE

A

STRuCTuRtD.

TM!

LANGQAGE

SOPmISTICATICN

CONTEMPLATED

IS

MIDWAY

BETWEEN

AN

ASSEMS

.v

LANCJAGE

AND

AN

ADVAN

' )

ALGCBRAIC

LANGUAGE,

iAyTMOR)

IL)

A S! f .0 0J

UNCLASSF

IV~'

DDC

REPORT

BIBLIOGRAPHY~

SEARCH

CONTRtOL

NO,

100i20

AD-628

135

9/2

TR*

SYSIEMS

REDONDO

REACH

CA..47

ON

LINE

COMPUTER

SYMBOLIC

MANI*ULATION.

(U)

OLSCRIPTIVE

NO~t,

r '

NAL

R f

a

UG

64-.AuG

63

jAN

616

1990 BLACKWmELL,

FREDE91CK

~

REPT,

NC,.

521-6001-RUOOO,

CONTRACT:

AF

30(602)-3516,

7ASK:

45940",

MONITOR:

PA,'C

TR6-7

UNCIA

455IFIED

REPORT

SUPPLE"ENTARN

NOTE:

DESC

I

PO

S:

(*P

ROG

AMMING

CDM

PQTES)

,

POCAmP4ING

LANGUAGES).

1POGPAM

?"1NG

LANGUAGES,

SYSTEP'S,

ALGEBRA

U

IOE-4TI'IERS:

0ON-

L

INE

SYSTEwS

THE

DEVELOMP'ENT

IS

DESCRISED

C A

ON-LINE

Z-OMPUYER

SYSTEm

FO

SYM50L

MAN!

3

l

,yj(N

;N

WHICH A

USER

CAN

ARBITRARILY

DEFINE

SYM8CLS

AND

AU(-JS

7')

CAERA~tNG

OV',.

THS

SYMBO._S

ANDm

Tr!PN

;;

SRyjCT'H

* r

Cm~TER

ON-LINE

TO

SELECTIVELY

APPLY

Ta.4

R ;

AT

ToqE

BASIS

OF

THE

SYSTEM

IS

A

SMAL,~

SET

OF

ELMENTARY

SYP4BCL

MANIPI,_.'

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CAN

St

PRC6RAM,4EZ

ON-L~INE

TO

CA9"Y

OLT

M'XI

I

PLEX

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DDC

;EPORT

BIBLIOGRAPHY

SEARCH

CONTROL

NO,

/OO131

AD-631

941

1012

RAND

CORP

SANTA

H§NICA

CAL

IF

FUTURE

COMPUTER

TgCHNOLOGY

AND

ITS

IMPACT,

MAR

66

3OP

WARF*j H" t

'!EPT',

NO,

P-3279,

UNCLASSIFIED

MEPORT

SUPPLEMENTARY

NOTE:

DLSCRIPTORS:

i

oIG!TA

L

COMPUTERS,

EFF

CTIVENESS),

AIR

FORCE,

PROGRAMmING;COMPUTERS),

HISTORY,

SIMULATION,

CCMPUT

R

STORAGE

DEVICES,

MAGNETIC

CORE

STORAGE,

INPUT-OUTPUT

DEVICES, TEACHING

MACHINES

(U)

IDENTIFIERS:

PREDICTION,

TIME

SHARING(COMPUTER3)

U)

COMPUTER

POTENTIALS

ARE

GIVEk

AS

T4E

ABILITY

(I)

TO

ENCODE

INFORMATION

IN

TERMS

OF

NUMERIC SYMPOLS,

(2)

TO

!ARSE

SENTENCES,

DRAWING

A

PICTURK

OF THE

SENTtNCE

STRUCTUR:,

OR

TO

PERFCRM

ALGEBRAIC

MANIPULATION,

(3)

TO

PMOCESS SYMBOLIC PICTORIAL

INFORMATION

AND

RCCONSTNUCT

A

CTURE,

AND

(q)

TO

MODEL

ANY

SYSTCM.

IDENTIFYING

ITS

VARIARLES

AND

STATING

THE

RELATIONS

BETWEEN

THEM,

IN

TERMS

OF

A

3ET

OF

MATHEMATICAL

RELATIONS,

THE

ATTRIBUTES

O

THE

COMPUTER,

OR

MORE

PROPERLY

THE

INFORMATION

PROCESSOR,

ARE

GIVEN

AS

FOLLQWS.

IT IS

THE

MOST

POWERFUL

AND

MOST

FLEXIBLE

TOOL

EVER

AVAILABLE

TO

MAN

AND

TO

SOCIETY,

IT

IS

N x A

REPLACEMENT

FOP

MAN

IN

ANY

LARGE

t,,O

ENCOMPASSING

SENSE:

IT

WILL

DISPLACE

HIM

IN

MANY JOBS,

BUT

IT

ALSO WILL

OFFER

HIM

MANY

NEW

OPPORTUNITIES,

TK(

COMPUTER

6ILL

TOUjCH

MEN

EVERWHERE

"D

IN

EVERv

WAY,

ALMOST

ON

A

MINUTE-TO-

MINUTE BASIS,

EVEgY

MAN

*ILL

COMMUNICATE

THROUGH

A

COMPUTER

WHATEVER

HE

DOES*

IT

*LL

CHANGE

AND

RESHAPE

HIS

L

FE,

MODIrY

HIS

CARZER,

AND

FORCt

HIM

TO

ACCEPT

A

a]FE

O

CON'INUOUS

CHANGE,

PtAPER

PRESENTED

TO

THE

8OARD

OF

TRUSTEES

OF

THE

RAND

CORP,

AND

THE

PROjECT

RAND

AiR

FORCE

ADVISO-,y

GROUP

IN

NOV

I96S

(U)

UNCLASSIFIED

/00328

UNCLASSIFIED

DDC

REPORY

BBLIOGRAPHY

SEARCm

CONT

,

NO,

/0032B

AD-633

q07

9/2

SYSTEN

DEVEL.CMENT

CORP

SANTA

MCNICA

CA

IF

AN

EMPIRICAL

COMPARISON

OF

ON-LINE

A1,0

OF',-LINE

DEBUGG

I

NC,

UI

DESCRIPTIVE

NOTE:

PROFESSIONAL

PAPER,

MAY

66

19P

GRANTE,

E.

I

REPT,

N'O,

Sp-Z'4'41

CONTRACT:

AF

|9(62&)-3I66,ARPA

ORDEM-773

UNCLASSIr

ED

REPORT

SUPPLEMENTARY

NOTE:

DESCRIPTORS:

(oPRO6RAMMING(COMPQTERSl,

CIRRECTIONS), COMPUTER

PERSONNEL,

OPERATIONS

RESEARCH,

PERFORMANCE

TESTS,

T

ilE

STUDIES,

ALGEBRA,

EOUATf

ONS,

SIMULATION,

SC-1OULING,

MULTIeLE

ObERATION,

HUMAN

ENGINEERING

(UI

IDENTIFIERS:

TIME

SHARING(COMOUTERSI,

ON-LINE

SYSTEM,DEUGGING(COMPUTERS)

,

OfF-LINE

SYSTEMS

cUl

THE

EXPERIMENT COMPARED

THE

PROGRAM DEBUGGING

ICHECKOUT)

PERFORMANCE

OF

PROGOAMMERS

USING

A

TIME-ShARING

SYSTEM

(TSS)

AITH

-rE

DEBOGGING

PERFORMANCE

OF

PROGRAMMERS

USING

A

SIMULATED

CLOSED

SHOP,

TWELVE

PROGRAMME*S

PARTICIPATED

IN

THE

STUDY,

EACH

PROGRAMMER

WAS

GIVEN

TWO

PROBLEM

STATEMENTS

AND

WAS

ASKED

TO

WRITE

A

PROGRAM

TO

SOLVE

EACH,

ONE

PROGLEM

REQUIRED

A

PROGRAM

TO

INTERPRET

AND

SOLvt

ALGEBRAIC EQUATIONS,

THE

OTHER

PROBLEM

REQUIRED

A

PROGRAM

TO

FIND

THE

SINGLE

PATH

THROUGH

A

20

X

?O

CELL

MAZE

REPRESENTED

IN

THE

COMPUTER

By

A

4OO-ENTRY

TABLE.

SIX

S .D

UTIONS

(MROrRAMS)

TO

EACH

PROBLEM

WERE

DEBUGGED

ON

LINE

1.'SING

TSS

AND

SIX *ERE

DEBUGGED

OFF

LSNE

USING

A

SIMULATED

CLOSED-

SHOP

SYSTEM

WITH

A

OESK-TO-CSK

TURKAROUND

TIME

OF

TWO

HOURS,

PERFORMANCE

WAS

MEASURED

IN

TERMS

OF

MAN

HOURS

To

DEBUG

AIND

CENTRAL

PROCESSOR

TIME

USED

IN

DEBUGGING,

PROGRAMMERS

WHO

DEBUGGED

THEIA

ALGEBRAIC

INTERPREYATION PROGRAMS

ON

LINE

USED

SLIGHTLY

FEW;iR

MAN

HOURS

AND

ABOUT

THREE TIMES

AS

MUCH

CENTRAL

PROCESSOR

TIME

AS

DID

PROGRAMMERS

WHO

DEBUGGED

THESE

PROGRAMS

OFF

LINE,

PROGRAMMERS

WHO

DEBUGGED

THEIR

MAZE

PROGRAMS

ON

LINE

USED

ABOUT

JNE

-

THIRD

AS

MANY

MAN

HOURS

AND

SLIGHTLY

MORE

CENTRAL

PROCESSOR

TIME

THAN

T

,OSE

WHO

DEBUGGED

THEIR

MAZE

PROGR.kMS

OFF

LINE,

(UI

UNCLASSIFIED

/00328

/

UNCLASSIFIED

DDi

REPORT

B!

LIOGRAPHY

rfARCH

COM'.

h,.

,

/00328

AD-436

993

9/4

s/B

RAND

CORP SANTA

MSNICA

CALIF

JOSS!

INTRODUCTIO

vO

A

HELPFUL

ASSISTANT,

(U)

JUL

66

50P

SAKER,

C, L,

REPT,

NO,

RM-SOS-#R,

CONTRACT:

Ar

41(436)-17O0,

UNCLASSIFIED

REPORT

AVAILABILITYI

RANQ

CORP,

1700

MAIN

ST,,

SANTA

MONICA,

CALIF,

$2,00.

SUPPLEMENTARY

NOTE:

DESCRIPTORS: (*COMPUTERS, eMAN-MACmINE

SYSTEMS),

REAL TIME,

Dj

;ITAL

COMPUTERS,

SPECIAL PURPOSE

COMPUTERS,

REMOTE

CONTROL

SYSTEMS, SYSTEMS

ENGINEERING

(U)

IDENTIFIERS:

JOSS(JOHNNIAC

OPEN

SHOP

SYSTEM)

(U)

A

STEP-BY-STEP

DENWNSTRATION

OF

JOSS--A

SYSTEM

DESIGNED

TO

PROVIQE

THE

INDIVIDUAL

SCIENTIST

AND

ENGINEER

WITH

A

PERSONAL

COMPUTATIONAL

SERVICE

IMMEDIATELY

AVAILABLE,

WHENEVER REQUIRED,

IN

HIS

OWN

WORKING

ENVIRONMEN

T,

THE

DISTINGUISHING

FEATURES

OF

JOSS

ARE:

MOBILE

CONSOLES

EOUIPPED

WITH

ELECTRIC

T"OEWRITtRS

FOR INPUT

ANn

OUTPUTS

HIGHLY

READABLE

AND

POWElFUL LANGUAGE

FOR

NUMERIC

COMPUTATION; ENGLISH

CAPITALIZATION,

SPELLING,

AND

PUNCTUATION

RULES;

EASY

EDITING;

OUICK

RESPONSE:

EXACT

INPUT;

FAMIIAR

DECIMAL

ARITHMETIC;

EXACT

OUTPUTI

AND

REPORT-QUALITY

FORMATTED

OUTPUT,

THE

INTIMATE

INTERACTION

BETWEEN

MAN

AND

MACHINE

PERMITS

THE

JOSS

USER

To

4XERCISE

JUDGMENT

CONTINUALLY

DURING

THE

COURSE

OF

COMPUTATION,

CHANGING

AND

MODIFYING

THE

PROCEDURE

AS

HE

WISHES.

THIS

IS

ONE

"F

THE

UNIQUE ASPECTS

THAT

DISTINGUISHES

JOSS

FROM

OTHER

SYSTEMS

AND HAS

LED

TO

ITS

ENTHUSIASTIC

ADOPTION

BY

THE

RAND

STAFF,

THIS

TALK

WAS

PRESENTED

TO

THE

ELEVENTH

ANNUAL

DATA

PROCESSING,

CONFERENCE

AT

THE

UNIVERSITY

OF

ALABAMA

BRMINGHA"

CENTER

ON

4

MAY

1966,

AUT

HORU (U)

20

UNCLASSIFIED

/0032

UNCLASSIFIED

DDC

REPO

RT

3IPLIOGRAPHY

SEARCH CONTROL

NO,

/OO3aB

AD-640

057

Is//

15/ 17/i

COMPUTER

RESEARCH

CORP

CAMBR!DGE

MASSe

A

STUDY

OF

CONVERSATIONAL

ON-LINE

INTERACTION

IN

MAN-

MACHINE

WAR

GAMING,

(U)

DE5CRIPTIVE

NoTE

F!NAL

REPT

,

AUG

66

75P

_LAPP,LE*IS

C, I

.ACOBSON,ROBERT

V.

IJORDAN,DALE

E,

;WAX,ELLEN

REPT,

NO,

RI02-4,

CONTRACT:

NnR-861

(00),

PROJ!.

J-102,

UNCLASSI|rED

REPORT

SUPPLEMENTAV

NOTE:

DESCRIPTORS:

(toAR

GAMES,

OMAN-MACHINE

SYSTEMS).

PROGRAMMING

COMPTERS$

,

REMOTE

CONTROL SYSTEMS,

PROGRAMMING

LANGUAGES,

VOICE

COMMUNICATION

SYSTEMS

(U)

IDENTIrIERS:

TIME

SHARING(COMPUTERS)

,

dO

.,

CONSORT

(U)

THE

REPORT

DESCRIBES

THE

RESULTS

OF

A

STUDY

OF WAR

GAMING

USING

ON-LINE

INTERACTION

BETWEEN

MAN

AND

COMPQ

ER.

THE

STUDY

CONCLUDES

THAT

ANALYSIS

AND

WAR

GAMING

CAPABILITIES

CAN

BE

INCREASED

S!GN!

ICANTLY

USING

A

TIME-SHAMING

COMPUTER

SYSTEM

WITH

APPROPRIATE

SO-TWARE

AND

REMOTE-ACCESS

TERMINALS.

A

SYSTEM

CONCEPT

CALLED

CONSORT

(CONVERSA

MNAI

SVSTEM

WITH

ON-LINE

REMOTE

TERMINALS)

IS

DESCRBED,

AND

SPECIFICAT!ONS

ARE

GIVEN

FOR

A

USER-ORIENTED, CONvLOSAtIONAL

LANGUAGE,

JOSL,

WHICH

!S

DESIGNED

SPECIFICALLY

FOR

SIMULATION

AND

ANALYSIS

APPLICATIONS,

CONSORT INCLUDES

AN

AUTOMATED

DATA

LIBRARY,

COMPUTER

PROGRAMMING

MANAGEMENT FEATURES,

AND

THE

.APABILITY

TO

OPERATL

COMPUTER PROGRAMS WRITTEN

IN

LANGUAGES

OTHER

THAN

JOSL,

COMPUTER-AIDED

MANUAL GAMING USING

CONSORT

IS

DESCRIBED.

(AUTHOR)

(U)

UNCLASSIFIED

/00328

UNCLASS

IF

IED

DOC

REPORT

BIBLIOGRAPHY

SEARCH CONTROL

NO,

100]a@

AD-64N

353

9/2

MITRE

CORP

BEDFORD

MASS

USER'S

MANUAL

FOR

PEST,

A

MONITOR PROGRAM

r0R

THE

PHOENIX

COMPUTER,

(U)

OCT

66

32P

BEN-AARON,MAX

I

REPT,

NO,

MTR-219

CONTRACT

:

AF

19(629)-S63

PROJ:

SOAP'

MONITOR:

ESO

TR-66-3O1

UNCLASSIFIED

REPORT

DESCRIPTORS:

(OeRQGRAMMING(COMPUTERS),

INSTRUCTION

MANUAL$,,

DIGITAL COMPUTERS

(U)

1DENTIFIERS:

ON-L!NE

SYSTEMS,

PEST

(U)

PEST

IS A

NON-TIM -SHARED PROGRAM

*MICH

GIVES

A

USER

ACCESS

YO

AN

EDITOR

AND

AN

ASSEMBLER

ON

PHOENIX,

A

COMPUT.1

DEVELOVED

BY

T[E

MITRE

CORPORATION,

PEST

ALLOWS

THE

USER

TO

ENTER,

EDIT,

ASSEMBLE,

LOAD,

C(BUG,

AND

EXECUTE

A

SYMBOLIC

PROGRAM,

(AUT'iORl

(U)

NCLASSIIED

/003as

UNCLASSIFIED

DOC

REPORT

SIML!OGRAPHY

SEARCH

CONTROL

0.

00328

AD-bN5

N38

9/2

5/9

SYSTEM

DEVELOPMENT

CORP SANTA

MONICA

CALIF

EXPLORATORY EXPERIMENTAL

STUDIES

COMPARING

ONLINE

AND

OFFLtNE

PROGRAMING PERFORMANCE,

(U)

DESCRIPTIve.

NOTE:

PROFESSIONAL

PAPER,

DEC

ti

3jP

SACtMAN,H,

IERIKSONiO,

J.,

GRAN

T,E, E. I

REPT,

NO.

SP-2687

UNCLASSIFIED

REPORT

SUPPLEMENTARY

NOTE:

RESEARCH SUPPORTED

IN

PART

Sf

ARPA,

DESCRIPTORS:

(OPROGRAMMING(COMPUTER

1,

PERFORMANCE(4UMAN)),

(6ePROGRAMMERS,

PERFORMANCE(HUMANI

),

PERFORMANCE

TESTS,

MANPOWER

STUDIES

cu)

IDENTIFIERS: ON-LINE

SYSTEMS,

FF-.INE

SYSTEMS

(LJ

TOO

EXPLORATORY EXPERImENTS

COMPARED

OEBU

G

GIrC

PERFORMANCE

O

PROGRAMERS

*OK

IN6

UNDER

CONDITIONS

Or

ONLINE

AND

OFFL

INE

ACCLSS

TO

A

COMPUTER.

TMESF

ARE

THE

FIRS'

KNOON

STUO)IES

MEASURING

TME

PERFORMANCE

OF

PROGRAMERS

UNDE

C

NTROLLEO

CONDITIONS

'OR

STANOAO

TASKS.

STATISTICALL'

SIGNIFICANT

*!SVLT5

IND'CAYf

;

SUBSTANTIALLY

FASTER

DE8UGGINC

UNDER CNLINE

CONDITIONS

IN

BOTH

STUOD

ES,

TpE

RESULTS

*ERE

AMOIOG..OUS

FOR

CENTRAL

PROCESSLR

'IME--ONE

ST.-7

y

SHOWED

LESS

COMPUTER

TIME

FOR

EUCGING,

AND

T

OTHER SHOWED

MORE TIME

IN

THE

ONL

I MCf ,

0ERNAf-S

THE

MOST

IMPORTANT

PRACTICAL

FNINNG,

zvcRSHAD

*:GN

ONLINE/OFFLINt DIFrERENCES,

INVOLVC5

TmE

6

ARGE

AND

STRIKING

INDIvIDUAL

DIFFERENCES

IN

PROGRAMEf

PERFORMANCE,

ATTEIPTS

WERE MADE

TO

lEt.ATE

^B5ER

ED

INOIVICUA.

OIr'ERENCES

TO

OBJECtIvE

MEASRES

Or

PROGRAMER

ExPtRIENCE

AND

PROFICIENCy

T

40>JGH

FACTORIAL

TECHNIQUES,

IN

LINE

*ITH

THE

EXPLORA'ORY

OBJECTIVES

OF

THESE

STUDIES

,

ME'OOOLC(GICAL

PROOLE

'S

ENCOUNTERED

IN

OUFICN!NG

AND

CONDUCTING

Y04St

TYPES

OF

EXPENIMENT!

ARE

O-SCRI

fD

,

LIPITATICNS

F

T

E

r-jNIN(,5

ARE

POINTEO

OU',

P

O'qSfS

ARE

FR(SENT

f TO

ACCOUNT

fOR

RESULTS,

AND

SUGCES

ICNS

ARE

"ADE

FOR

foRTOER

RESEARCH,

JAQTHCR'

UNC

ASS

rI

IED

O

n

3 6

UNCL.ASSIFIED

DOC

REPORT

BIBLIOGRAPHY

SEARCM

CONTROL

NO,

/00328

AD-64

660

l/1 9/1

MASSACHUSETTS

INST

OF

TECH

CAMBRIDGE

ADEPT,

A

MEUOIJ

STIC

PROGRAM

FOR

PROVING

T04EOREMS

OF

GROUP

THEORY,

(U

DESCRIPTIVE

NOTE!

QOCTORAL

TIESIS,

SEP

66

Illp

NORTCN,LE*15

MARK

I

REPT,

NO,

MAC-TR-33

CONTRICT:

NONR-M

0 (4 C

PROji

NR-048-189

,JR-OO3-09-'l

UNCLASSIFIE0

REPORT

DESCRIPTORS:

(*COMPUTER

PROGRAMS,

*GROUPSATWEMATICS)I)

(stHEOREMS,

GROUPS

'ATNEMATICS)

,

MATHEMATICAL

LOGIC,

ARTIFICIAL

:NTELLIGEN.E,

DIGITAL

COMPUTERS,

TIME

SHARING,

REAL

TIME,

TMESES

U

IDENTIFIERS:

ADEPT,

M.LTIPLE

ACCESS

SYSTEM,

ON-

LINE

SYSTEMS,

"EURISTIC

PROGRAM

(u)

A

COMPJTER

PROGRAM,

NAMED

ADEPT

jA

DISTINCTLY

EMPIRICAL

PROVER

QF

'HEORf4S)

,

AS

BEEN

ORITTEN

WHIC*

C

ROvEb

THEOREMS

TAKEN

FROM

THE

ABSTRACT

THEOY

OF

CQ

ROU

,

ITS

ORGANIZATION

IS

BASICALLY

NEURISTIC,

INCORPORATING

MANY

OF

T4'E

T(C04N1O

ES

C'

THE

14UMAN

MATHEMATICIAN

IN

A

'NATURA

'

*AY

TMIS

PROGRAM

HAS

POOVE0

A'-MOST

I10

THE

ngf4S, A-

WELL

Aj

SERVING

AS

A

VEMICLE

FOR

TST!NS

AND

A[

UATING

SPfCIAL-*PPPOSE

" ut

RIS'ICS,

A

DCrAILED

DESCRIPTION

0F

TME

PROGqAM

IS

S

1P

EM

tE

B

ACCOUNTS

OF

ITS

PE

F

RMANCE

ON

A

NVUNER

OF

71EOREMS,

'"'jS

PROVID!NG

HANY INSI

G

TS

,NTg

I "E

A'!ICU

AR

9

RQ5

EMS

INoERENT

IN

T4E

DES

IGN

Of

A

PR0CE0R!

CAPABj.E

OF

PR)VIN;

A

VAOIFT-

OF

!mNE0R

S

FROM

S')

HOMAIN,

SGGEST

IONS

*4AvE

BEEN

fORMQlATED

F Q

R

,TE

EFFORTS

ALONG

THESE

INES,

AND

COMPARIS0,NS

0I, T" .R

ATED

MORK

flRf

IOUS)y

EPORTED

IN

THE

LI'ERA?;.

E

MAVE

BEEN

"ADE,

A

C A 0o

Ior

UNCLASSIFIED

DDC

REPORT

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SEARCH CONTROL

NO.

/00329

AD-646

717

9/.?

MITRE CORP

BEDFORD

MASS

USERS'

MANUAL

FOR

THE

EDITOR,

(

NOV

66

83P

ISOUI

T

,8EN

PEPT,

NO.

MTR-122

CONTRACT:

AF

I9(628

5-65

PROj:

508F

MONITOR:

ESD

7R-66-309

UNCLASSIFIED

REPORT

DESCRIPTORS: (°COMPuTER

PRGR

AMS,

INSTRUCTION

MANUALS),

PRO

RAMMING

LANC

AGES,

SYNTAX,

PROGRAMM

ING

OMPUTERS

(U)

IDENI:FIERS!

EDITOR

I

PROGRAM. ON-LINE

SYSTEMS

U)

EDITOR

S

AN

ON-LI',E

rROGRAM

OITH4JN

THE

INITIAL

Po-40ENIX

COMPUTER

SOF*ARE

SYSTEM

OHIC0

ENABLES

TME

SySTEM

USER

TO

CREATE,

DESTROY,

ON

MODIFY

HIS

COLLECTION

0

F

SY'iBOLWC

DATA,

ORGANIZED

AS

FILES.

TME

ACTIONS

OF

EDI'OR

I

ARE

US

R-CONTRCLED

Sy

MEANS

OF

A

ONE-PASS

ASSEMBLER,

AUT.

OR

U

)

&~~~

UNCLASSIFIED

DOC

REPORT

BIBLIOGRAPHY

SEARC4 CONTAOL

NO,

/00328

AD-

SO 500

6/4

9/2

MANv

CORP

SANT

MONICA

CALIF

ON-L!Nt

COMPUT!N

CLAl-SIrICATION

OF

HANDPRINTED

CHINESE

CMARACTER

S

AS

A

TRANSLATION

AID,

(U)

APR

67

20P

GRONER,G,

r,

;HEAFNt-RJ

,

F.

;ROBINSON,T,

W, 1

REPT,

NO,

P-J168

UNCLASSIFIEO

REPORT

OESCRIPTORS: (OCN$RACTER

RECOGNITION,

*CHINESE

LANGUAGE).

COMPUTERS,

COMPUTER

PROGRAMS,

PRINTING,

CLASSIFICATION,

rATHODE

RAY

TUBES,

PATTERN RrCOGNITION,

FEASIBILITY

STUDIES,

INPUT-

OUTPUT DEVICES

iu)

IDENTIFIERS: ON-L;NE SYSTEMS,

WRitI

NG

(.)

IT 15

USUALLY

A

L#NG

AND

ARDuOUS

TASK

TO

FINO

CMINESE

CHARACTERS

IN

A

DICTIONARY

BECAUSE

THE

CHARACTERS

HAVE

NO

NATURAL

ORDERING,

I

ORDER

TO

DEMONSTRATE

THE

FEASIBILITY

OF

AUTOmAT;NG

THIS

PROCEDURE,

A

COMPQTER

PROGRAM

*AS

DEVELOPED

FOR

CATALOGING

AND

RETyRIEViNG

OF

CHINESE

CMARACTERS.

THE

'gOGRAM

IS

ORITTEN

IN

IBM

360

ASSEMBLY

LANGUAGE

AND

RUNS

ON

AN

BM

360/

MODEL

4o,

IT

MAKES

USE

OF

MUCH

OF

THE

SOFTWARE

AND

TEC04NIOUES

DEVELOPED

FOR

THE

GRAIL

PROjEC!,

THE

INPUT

OEVICE

,- A T

ASLE"I

TME

OUTPU?

DCVICE

IS

A

wICH-PE

rORMANCE

CATMODE

RAY

TLBE

JCR

) 7

SP-AY,

)AL

I,^*

())

C -A 5 1 I 1 En 04

U

NCLASSIFIEDr

DOC

REOR

06LIOCRA~ky

SEARCk

CONTROL

NO,

/00328

AD-631

!82

0? 5/7

SYS-Em

DEVELOPMEN!

CORP SANTA

ON!CA

CALIF

SEMIANN,-AL

TECHN'CAL

SUMMARY

REOR

TC

THEORC R

ADVANCED

REER1

WROJECTS

AGENCY

F'Oq

TME

PERIOD

I

'U

L

Y

1

9

66

TO

31

DECEMSER~

1966,1U

DESCRIPTIVE

NOTI

TEC)_NICAL

MEmIl,

DEC

66

a

REPT,

No,

TM-687/0O7/

O

CONTRACT:

F1686--C0

UNrlASSIrIE0

REPORT

OESCRJF

ORS:

(OPqOGRAMMINC

LANGUAGES,

REV!E*Si,

(*DATA

PROQCESSING

SYST'EMS,

*EvIE*S,

(@CMPUTERS,

REV!rASI

,

mAN-mAC"4!NE

5SSTMS,

CO0M'

.N!CATICN

SYSEmS,

iANG..AGr,

LINCD'.4Sr!CS,

NETOORKS,

COMPI~LERS,

!'-E

SmARI-4C

PROGR~AMMING

LA~G.,AGE

ovE..lPlE

T, -A%-

'ACm!NE

COmmlN!C.AT!C,

:ATA

FASE

SYS'fmS,

C

-405tTFR

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AN-

.AGLALE

P'oCESS,11,3

RESEARCm,

A 54mm*~y

nF

T-

PR-Ess!%A

A

CLA.i'

E S

JF

'4 T F

*R T E P S I

*

uNCLAsllF!rD

DDC

REPORT

BISIOGRA~wY

SEARCH

CONTROL

NO,

100328

SYSTEM

DEVELOPM'ENT

CORP

SANTA

MONICA

CALIF

ON-L.!F

TRANSLkTION

OF

NATURtAL

LANGU

ACE

QUESTION

INTO

AlftIF:CIAL

LANGUAGE

QUERtIES,

DESCRII"TIE

NOIE:

PROFESSIONAL

PAPF1,

*APOt

67

SIELLOG(*.MAtIES H,

ONCLASS;F

SQ

REPORT

DESCftIPTORS:4

!*NO--ATION

RtETRIEVAL,

*COmPUTfR

PRtOGRtAMS)

,

ENGLISH

LANGU

AGE,

PftDGfAMIING(COMPUTgtS),

SEM4ANTICS, SYNTAX,

GRtAMMARtS,

MAN-?4ACHINE

SYSTEMS

(u)

THE

kPORT'

DESCftASES

A

COMPUTERt

PROGRtAM

THA*T

DEMONS'TATES

ONE

APPRODACH

TO

THE[

PRtOBLEM

UF

RELAYING

0QEST

IONS,

POSED

IN

A

LI".iTEo

SUB~SET

OF

ENGLISH,

TO

A

S[T

OF

FACTS

ST

gftEO IN

AN

ON-LI,.iE

DATA

LIASE,

THE

PRtOGRtAM,

CALLED

CONVERSE,

1S

:ESIGNF"

fC

USE

AN

EXISTING

DATA

MANAGEM4EN'

SYSTEM,

TO

OftOVIDE

AS*EftS

Tl

O

QESTIONS.

AIMENE

POSSIBI-E,

CONvYEfSE

TP~ANSLATES

AN

ENG6!SN'

OULSTION

INTO

-"Nt.

ORt

MORE

~1L~-iE~qCII_ ffgE~ts ''

C~ E(

TRANSL.ATI

0%

IS

NO

T P:

SSISLE,

THE

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A

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nRATI

CN

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IN

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qtEP.-RASING

H~IS

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ENCOI&m

IEftPS.

--

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ACCEAvS

GENERtIC

OR

Bl~n*SINc

TYPES

^FASE

AT

ftKS

A

AESK

O Or0MAro

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SEARCH

CONTROL

N~O.

1,0326

MAfSACH.USETTS

INST

Or~

TECH

CAmBRIDGE

Sv~E

ASPECTS

OF

PATTERN

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FEB

.

17

CUZMAN.ARENAS.ADOLF>0

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MA

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CONTRACT:

NONf-'10ifOl

,'CLASSIIE2

REPORT

CODIN,

Y5(5,

MODE

.SSlilvLA"IONS

,

REAL

TlE I ME

Sm.AR

ING

,

cC

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GEOMETRIC

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DOC

REPORT

BIBIOGAPHY

SEARCH CONTROL

NO,

.'328

AD".656

58j

/

NAVAL

WEAPONS

LAB

DANLGREN

VA

D15PLAYT"AN

-A

'VAPHICAL

0I5PLAY ORIENTED

CONVERSATIONAL

rOPTRAN

FAC..ITY~

FOR,

AN

IBM

360/40

COMPUTER.

(U)

DESCRIPTIVE

NOTE:

TECHNICAL

MEMO

.

JUL

67

12.)P

AMMERMANANNE

5,

DIESEN,

LARRY

R.

I(TNOM6S,WERMON

0, 1

REPT,

NO,

NWL,-"-w-*9/67

UNCLASSIFIED

REPORT

DESCRIFTORS

(&PRgGRAMMNG(COMPUTCRSI,

DATA

PROCESSING

SYSTEMS)

S'jBROUTINES,

YME

SHARING,

ERRO"S,

INPUT-OUTPuT

DEVICES,

PROOPAMMING

LANGUAGES, MAN-MACHiNZ

sYSTEMS,

CONTrOL

SEOUENCES,

DISPLAY SYSTEMS

IDENIFIERS:

DISP.AYTRAN,

ON-LINE 5YSTEMS,

[BM

360/40,

FORTRAN

1V

(u)

THE

'v

RT

DESCRT

E$

AN

EXPERIMENTAL TIME-SmARED

SvSTfM CALLED

DISPLAYTRAN.

'HE

DISPLANTRAN

SYSTEM

ALLOWS

PROGRAMMERS

TO

CONSTRUCT

AND

DEBUG

FORTRAN

TV

PROGRAMS

IN

AN

ON-LINE

CONVERSATIONAL

MANNER,

7T

PROVIDES

IMMEDiATE

RESPONSE

TO

SYNTAx

ERRORS

AN-

CONTAINS

A

HOST

OF

SOUPr

Lp

GUAGE

DEBUG

AIDS

TO

ASSIST

PRQGRAMMERS

IN

FINDING

ERRORS

IN

PROGRAM

LOGIC

OR

SEMA'.-"S,

ANALYSTS

*ILL

BE

ABLE

TO

COMMUN:CATE

WITH

APPICATION

PROGRAMS

(PREPARED

US:NG

7HE

SYSTEM)

DORING

THEIR

EXECUTION,

INPUT

TO

AND

OUTPUT

FROM

*P

LICATION PROGRAMS

CAN

BE

IN

A

GRAPHICAL AND/OR

TABULAR

FORM.

DISPLAYTRAN

IS

OPERAT!OHAL

ON

AN

IBM

360/40

COMPUTER.

HIS

TIME-SHARID

SYSTEM DRIVES

ONE

REMOTE

TERM'NAL

AND

CONCURRENTLY EXC'jTES

ONE

BACKGROUND

PROGRAM,

THE

REMOTE

TERMINAL

CqNSlSTS

OF AN

IBM

2i!50

DISPLAY,

A

SLOW

SPEED

PRINTE!

AND

A

FUNCTZON KEYBOARD,

A

TtO

TERMINAL SYSTLM

I

EXPECTED

TO

CE

AVAILABLE

DURING

T04E

FALL

OF

!967,

(HIS

MANUAL

PROVIOES

THE

INFORMATION

NkCESSARY

TO

USE

THE

DISPLAYTRAN

SYSTEM,

IT

CONTAINS

A

DESCRIPTION

OF

T4E

COMMAND

LANGUAGE

fuSEn/SYSTEM

COMMUNICATION

LANG

JAGE),

THE

FORTRAN

IV

LANGUAGE,

AND

THE

HARDWARE

CONF

IGURAlUON

OF

THE

SYSTEM, (AUTHOR)

(U)

3 0

UNCLASSI

F

IED

/0032a

42'

UNC.A',S

I 'I ED

DOC

REPORT

BlLIOGRAHY

SEARCH

CONTROL

NO.

/00328

AO-636

771

102

SOLT

BERANEK

AND

NEwMAN

INC

CAMBRIDGE

MASS

5wE

8b

H

000

LISP

SYSTEM,

(U)

Jul.

lb 1

36!0

8O8RO*,DANIFL

G, $

DARLEY,D,

LUC

ILLE

;OEUTSCH,L,

PETE#

1

mURPHY,DAN;EL

L,

;TE!TfLMAN

A

REN

REPT,

NO,

SCIENTIFIC-9,

BB6N-;539

CONTRACT:

A F

19(

42S)-5065,

AP

A

ORDE

-k27

P4Oj:

AF-

66

'ONItQRP

AFCRL

67-0438

UNCLASSIrIED

kEO:

RT

DESCRIPTORS:

(OPROGRAMM!NG

LANGUAGES,

COMPUTERS), COMPUTER

STORAGE DEVICES,

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE,

COMPJLERS,

SUBROUTINES,

TIME

SHARING,

DATA

W

OCESSINC

SYSTEMS

(U)

IDENTIrIEPS:

LtSP,

SOS

910

COMPUTER,

LIST

PROCESSING,

ON-L!NE

SYSTEMS

(U)

T .E

REPORT

DESCRIBES

THE

LISP

SYSTEm

IMPLEMENTED

AT

8BN

ON

THE

SOS

94C

CQMPUTER,

THIS

LISF

IS

AN

UPWARD COMPAYI

LE

EXTENSION

nr

LISP

1,5

FOR

THE

IBM

7090,

WITH

A

NUMBER

OF

NEW

FFATURES

WHICH

MAKE

IT

WORK WELL

AS

AN

ON-LINE

LANQUAGE,

THESE

NEW

FEATUJRFS

INCLUDE

TRACING,

AND

CONDITIONAL

SREAKPOINTS

IN

FUNCTIONS

FOR

DEZUGGING

AND

A

SOPHISTICATED

LISP

ORIENTED

EDITOR,

THE

86N

1940

LISP

SYSTEM

AS

A

LARGE

MEMORY

STORE

(APPROXIMATELY

50,000

FREE

wORDS)

uTILIZING

SPECIAL

PAGING

TECHNIQUES

FOR

A

DRUM

TO

PROvIDE

REASONAB'E

COMPUTAYION

TIMES,

THE

SYSTEM

INCLUDES

BOTH

AN

INTERPRETER

A

FULLY

COMPATIBLE

COMPILER,

AND

AN

ASSEMSLY LANGUAGE

FACILITY

FOR

INSERTING

MACHINE

CODE

SUBROUTINESo

(AUTHOR)

(U)

UNCLASSIFIED

100328

-k,

vNCLASS

I I ED

DOC

REPORT

SiOL!GGRAPHY

SEARCH CONTROL

NO.

/00328

AD-636

900

5/

1/5

9/

NAVAL

ORDNANCE

As

*HTE

OAK

MD

A

CQ!PQT

ERUZD INVENTORY

CONTROL SYSTEM,

(tu

JUL

67

5P PRYORC,

NICHOLAS

lEPT,

NO,

NOLTR-67-92

UNCLASSIFI

ED

REPORT

DESCRIPTORS: (*INVENTORY

CONTROL, COMPUTER

PROGRAMS)

,

(oMANAGCMENT

PLANNIN4,

INVENTORY

CONTROL), PUNCMED

CARDS,

FLO*

C4ARTI'4G,

SUmROUTINES, PREDIfTIONS, SCHEDULING

(U)

IDENTIFIERS:

ON-(

INE

SYSTEMS

(U)

AN

INVENTORY CONTROL

PROGRAM

HAS

BE!N

DEVISED

FOR

TME

IBM

7090

COMPVTER

TO

MEET

THE

REQUIREMENTS

OF

A

SMALL

ELECTRONIC

SYSTEM

DEVELOPMENT

GROUP.

THE

SYSTEM

PRESENTLY

USES

PUNCH

CARD 1"PUT

FOR

CONTRIL

2NFCRMATION,

BUT

15

ADAPTABLE

TO

ON-LINE

OPERATION

IN

M%LTIPLE

ACCESS

SYSTEMS,

THE

INVENTORY

SYSTEM

KEEPS

A

RECORD

OF

TME

PRESENT

STOCK

OF

A

NUMBER

Of

ITEMS,

AND

RECORCS

ALL

ORDERS

AND

RESERVATIC.,S

eOR

THE

ITEMS,

ON

TME

BASIS

OF

THESE

ORDERS

AND

RESERVATIONS,

THE

SYSTEM

PREDICTS

FUTURE

OUANTITIES

OF

THE

ITEMS

AND

WARNS

WHEN

AN

ITEM

REACHES

A

CRIrICAL

LEVEL,

THIS

SYSTEM

SHOULD

BE

GENERALLY

USEFUL

TO

ACTIVITIES

REQUIRING

A

CONTINUING

STOCK

OF

A

MODERATE

NUMBER

OF

DISTINCT

ITEMS,

(AUTHOR)

(U)

3?

UNCLASSIFIED

100328

UNCLASSIFiED

ODC

REPORT

BIBLIOGRAPHY

SEARCH CONTROL

NO,

/003?8

AD-457

ZOR

9/P

MASSACHUSETTS

INST

OF

TECH

CAMBRIOGf

AN

ON-LINE

SYSTEM

FOR

ALGEBRAIC

MANIPULATION,

(U)

DESCRIPTIVE

NOTE:

DOCTORAL THESIS,

JUL

46

'lisp

FENICHELROBERT

ROSS

I

REPT,

NO,

MAC-TR-35

CONTRACT

I

NONR'4020(OI

PROjl

NR-O48-I89, RP-O03-09-OI

UNCLASSIFIED

REPORT

SUPPLEMENTARY

NOTE:

REPT,

ON

PROJ:

MAC,

PREPARED

!N

COOPERATION

WITH

HARVARD

uNIV.,

CAMBRIDGE,

MAS

S,

DESCRIPTORS:

(OPROGRAMMING(COMPUTERS),

ALGEBRA),

ALGORITHMS,

THESES,

TIME

SHARING.

SUBROUTINES,

REAL

TIME,

THEOREMS,

COMPUTER

PROGRAMS

I)

IDENTIFIERS:

MAC

PROJECT, ON-LINE SYSTEMS,

F A

MO)S

U

FAMOUS

IS

AN

UN-LINE

SYSTEM

FOR

THE

MANIPULATION

OF

LINGUISTIC

FORMS,

ALTHO',)SP

THESE

F

45

CAN

HAVE

OUITE

ARBITRARY

INTERPRETATIONS.

1,,E

STANDARD

INTERPRETATION

15

THAT THEY

ARE

ALGEBRAIC

EXPRESSIONS.

FAMOUS

ALLOWS

ITS

'ALGEBRAIC

EXPRESSIONS'

TO

INCLUDE

ARBITRARY FUNCTZONS

OHILH

mA v

OR

MAY NOT

BE

DEFINED,

IN

THIS

AAY.

"

,LAR NON-

ALGEBRAIC

CONSiRUCTIONS

MAY

BE

Cr,,CEALED

AS

ARGUMENTS

OF

AD

HOC

FUNCT

IONS.

RvLES

OF

[,CAL

CHANGE

AR:

THE

-EART

OF

FAMOUS,

AND

SUPPLIV'

BY

THE

USER, USING

THESE

RULES,

FAMOUS

LOOKS

AT

AN

ALGEBRAIC

MANIPULATION

AS

A

SERI

1

:?

',,

CAL

CHANGES,

THE

CENTRALITY

OF

PROXIMITt

iN

1

MOUS

*AS

ORGINALLY

PROMPTED

BY

G-THEORY.

W*I-ICi,

MIGHT

BE

ALLED

THE

STUDY

OF

PROXIMITY,

THE

'RESENTATION

q

CHAPTER

I1

IS

COMPLETE,

BUT

IT

HAS

RATHER

A

COOKBOOK

TONE,

CHAPTER

: I

IS

A

MORE

REFLECTIVE

ATTEMPT

70

DEFINE

THE

POWER

AND

NATURE

OF

THE

SYSTEM,

ALGEBRAIC

'SIMPLIFICATION'

HAS

BEEN

A

BENCHMARK

OF

ALGEBRAIC

MANIPULATORS,

AND

IT IS

DISCUSSED

IN

CHAPTER

IV.

A

MORE

NOVEL

APPLICATION,

THAT

OF

LIMIT

PROBLEMS,

IS

DISCUSSED

IN

CHAPTER

V,

FINALLY.

CHAPTER

VI

CONSISTS

OF

MISCFLLANECUS

REMARKS

ABOUT

POSSIBLE

AND

IMPOSSIB

f

LINES

OF

FURTHER

WORK.

(AUTHOR)

(u)

UNCLASSIFIED

/00328

UNCLASSIFIED

DOC

REPORT

BIBLIOGRAPHY

SEARCW'

CON'RCL

NO,

/OO328

AD-657

203

I//

MASSACHUSETTS

INST

OF

TEC

CAMBRIDGE

SYMBOLIC

MATHtMATICAL

LAoORATORY,

(U)

DESCRIPTIVE

NOTE:

DOCTORAL

THESIS,

jAN

67

340P

MARTIN,WILLIAN

ARTHUR

REPT,

NO.

MAC-rR-34

CONTRACT?

NONR-4iOi

(Olp

PRO.:

N-.C48-1g6,

RROO.3-O-0!

UNCLASSIFIED

REPORT

oESCRIP'TORS:

(OCOMPVTER PROGR*MS,

MATkEMATICSi,

ALGORITHMS,

TIME

SmARING,

THESES,

REAL

TIME,

SUBROUTINES,

DATA

PROCESSING

SYSTEMS,

POGRAMMI!NG(COMPU7ERS1,

SYMB'LS.

CODING,

INPUT-OUTPUT DEVICtS,

GRAPHICS,

TRAr4SFORMATIONS(MATHEMATICS?

IU)

IDENTIFIERS:

LIGHT

PENS,

ON-LINE

SYSTEMS,

LISP,

NON-NUMERICAL

ANALYSIS

(IU)

LARGE

COMPUTER PROGRAM

HAS

BEEN

DEVELOPED

TO

AID

APPLIED

MATHEMATIrIANS

IN

THE

SOLUTION

OF

PROBLEMS

IN

NON-NUMERICAL

ANALYSIS

*HICH

INVOLVE

TEDIOUS

MANIPULATIONS

OF

MATHEMATICAL

EXPRESSIONS,

THE

MATHEMATICIAN

USLi TYPED

COMMANi

AND

A

LIGHT

TO

DIRECT

THE

COMPUTER

IN

THE

APPLICATION

OF

MATHEMATICAL TRANSFORMATIONSI

THE

INTERMEDIATE

RESULTS

ARE

DISPLAYED

IN

STANDARD

TEXT-BOOK

FORMAT

SO

THAT

THE

SYSTEM

USER

CAN

DECIDE

THE

NEXT STEP

IN

Tt-

PROBLEM

SOLUTION,

THREE

PROBLEMS SELECTED

FROM

THE

LITERATURE

HAVE

BgEN

SOLVED

TO

ILLUSTRATE

THE

USE

OF

THE

SYSTEM.

A

DETAILED ANALYSIS

OF

THE

PROBLEMS

OF

INPUT,

TRANSFORMATION,

AND

DISPLAY

OF

MATHEMATICAL

EXPRESSIONS

IS

ALSO

PRESENTED,

(AUTHOR)

(U)

34

UNCLASSIFIED

/00328

UNCLASSIFIFD

DOC

REPORT

81BLIOGRAPHY

SEARCH

CONTROL

NO.

1OO328

AD-467

314

9/2

RAND CORP SANTA

MONICA

CALIF'

JOSS:

ACCOUNTING

AND

PERFORMANCE

MEAS',

EME!,T,

I

juN

47

49P

BRVAN,G.

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CONTRACT:

F'44620-67-C-0045

UNCLASSIFIED

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DESCRIPTORS:

(*DATj

PROCESSING

SYSTEMS,

PERFORMANCE(ENGINEERING)),

(e

OGRAMM

ING(CO

'PUTERS)

,

COsTs),

TIME

SHARING.

INPUT-OUTPUT DEVICES,

DATA

STORAGE

5YSTFMc

,

STATISTICAL PROCESSES, COMMJTER PRCGRAMS,

MANAGEMENT PLANNING

(U)

IDENTXFIERS:

JOSS,

ON-LINE

SYSTEMS

(U

THE

MONITOR

;S

THAT

PART

OF

THE

JOSS S

STEt

PROGRAM

THAT

ACTS

AS

THE

SUPERvISORY

UNIT

F

THE

JOSS

MACHINE,

A

MAJOR

FUNCTION

OF

THE

MONITOR

IS

HE

GAYMHERNG

OF

DATA FOR

REVENUE

ACCOUNTING

AND

FOR

PRODUCING PERFORMANCE MEASURES

OF

THE

SYSTEM

AND

ITS

USERS,

TME

PRESENT

MEMORANDUM

INCLUDES DETAILED

DESCR:PTIONS

OF

THE

DATA

GATHERING

PROCESSES

FOR

ACCOUNTING

AND

PERFO'MANCE MEASUREMENT,

TOGE

T

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WITH

SAMPLES

OF

THE

SEVERaL REPORTS

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FROM

THESE

DATA,

A

FUTURE

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WILL

DEAL

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OEPT

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SYSTEM

AND

USER

PERrORMANCE

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DIGITAL

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(*RELIABILITY,

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.SAMOL

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RE.I

ABII

AT

YI,

O!STRI~uTION

F,UNCTIONS,

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FAILE('ECTRKTRICS),

STA'ISTICA.

TEST~S,

EV1ROCNME-qT,

NUMEFRICAL

'ETHODS

AN~D

REA.

DATA

PPCCESSING,

SYSTEMS,

;RANS:STORS,

FALtjPfMECCHAN

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IOENTIF!ERS:

-rARADA

Tw

FARADA

INFOKMATION

PRMC

SJN,

AND

PRESENTATION

STUDY

DESCOISE0

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PRESENTS

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DEC'P STATISYIS,

AND

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SEE

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VOLyME

I,

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DESCRIPTORS:

(OREiLIAMILITY,

.STATISTICAL

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(.5AMPLIN~o

RELItSILITY),

*

COMPU'TEP0

PROGRAMS.

S T

A

TI

S

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C*ARTIG,

SySROLA'INES, DATA

PROCESSING

SYSTEmS

(,.

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DENY

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SYSTEMS

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SET

OF

COMPuTER

PqOGRAM5

(CALLED

THE

FPANADAS5YSTEM)

DEVEL

OPEC

TO

PERFORM

THE

IN!ORMlTU

ON-PROCESSNCj

AND

PRESENTATION

SYSTEM

rIJECTIvES PRESENTED

IN

TWE

COMPANIDS,

VOLUME

I

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AND

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DETA

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AWOD

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FOR

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DOC

RPE-T

BIBLIOGRAPHY

SEARCM

CONTROL

NO.

/00326

AD)-

6i1

9 9/2

KANO

CORP

SANTA

MONICA

CALIF

JOSS

LANGUAGE,

(u)

AUG

67

31P

BRYANG. E,

!SMITrl

4o, W.

REPT,

NO,

RM-3j 7

7_F

CONTRACT:

F

-4462C-&7-C-O0

3S

UNCLASSIF

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REPORT

DESCRIPTORSI

(OPPOGRAMMING

LANGUAGES, INSTRUCTION

MANUAL

T ,

T!ME

" IrQ

NG,

MAN-MACHINE

SYSTEMS,

PRO8LE

SOLVING

tuo

IDENT'FIER

:

.OSS,

ON-LINE

SYSTEMS

(U)

THI-41 IS A

JOSS

;SER'S

PORTFOLIO CONTAINING

-4REE

BRIEF

4EFLRENCE

SJ;mmARIES

OF

THE

ACIIONS

THAT

CAN

BE

REQUESTED

OF

jOSS

AND

OF

',E

LANGUAGE

rOR

REOQESTING

THESE

ACTIONS,

THE

SuMMARIES

ARE

PRESENTED

IN

VARY

NG

FORMATS

TO

SUIT

THE

USER'S

CONVENIENCE:

A

-XET-SIZE

BOOK

FOR

PERSONAL

USE

(POCKET

PPEC

IS,

;I

PP,

A

LARGER

AND

MORE

COMPLETE

PIECE

FOR

DESK-TOO

-R

CONSOLE

USE

(APERCU

AND

PRECIS,

23

PP,

,

AND

A

POSTER-SIZE

SUMMAR,

FOR

THE

BLULLET

IN

POAR

(P

05TER

PREC

IS,

I O, )

THE

PRECIS

DEMONST'ATE

THA-

THE

LANGUAGE

PROV!OED

FOR

JOSS

IS

TERSe,

UNAMBIGUOUS,

AND

READABLE,

STN.qSING FAMILIAR ENGLISH

TeRMINOLOGY

AND

PUNCTUATION

AND

;.SE.

THE

SPEED

AND

EASE

Or

INTERACT

ION

SET,#FEN

JOSS

AND

THE

USER,

THE

SIMPLICITY

OF

TOE

LANGUAGE,

THE

USE

OF

FAMILIAR

DECIMAL

ARITMET!C,

AND

JOSS'S

PRECISE

ERROR

AND

S'rA1

.

REPOR

ING

COmBINE

TU

ALLOO

MOST

PROBLEMS

TO

BE

SOLVE'

BY

AN

vNDEFqTANDING

OF

THE

PROBLEM

AT

MAND

AND

A

LIST

OF

JOSS

COMMANOS

AND

FUNCTIONS,

(UI

UNCLA

SIP

IED

/OO3

UNCLASSIfI

ZD

DOC

REPCQ?

B;L8DGRAP-

EARCH

CCNTROL

NO,

100328

MTRE

CORR~

BEDirORD

;-ASS

EVALUATION

OF

ADAM

AN

ADVANCED

DATA

MANACE

1ENT

SY

T M (U)

A.G

67

4'S

GILDEA.R.

A, j,

REPTr,

No.

MTR-442

cCNT-AC

:

AF

:9q1628)-

165

'MNITO.:

ESD

TR-67-130

UNCLASSIFIED

REPORT

DESCRIRTORS

(oDATA

PROCESS

fNG

SYSTEMS,

DESIGN),

DATA

STORAGE SYSTEMS,

DOCUMENTATION,

PROGRAMMING

LANGUAGES, MAGNETIC

CORE

STORAGE,

PROG

RAM

ING(COMPVTERS!,

AIR

FORCE

PERSONNEL

(U)

!DENTIFIERS:

ADAM

SYSTEM,

EVALLATION,

COMRUTER

SOF:

RARE,

ON-LINE

SYSTEMS,

MLT

IPPRO

AMMING

(U)

THE

REPORT

EVALUATES

THE

ADAM

Rc.JECT

(ADVANCED

DATA

MANAGEmENT

SYSTEM),

ITS

PRODUCTS,

APPLICA

TONS, AND

SC-1E

OF

!TS

ACTIVITIES,

W

!CH

WERE

PART

OF

A

LARGER PROJECT

ENTITLED

-NFORMATION

SYSTEMS

TOOLS

AND

SOFTWARE

TECHN!QUES,

THE

KNQ*LEDGE

AND

CONCLUSIONS

CONTAINED

HEREIN

ARE

INTENDED

FOR

AIR

FORCE

AND

CHER

PERSONNEL

*HO

EITHER

ARE

SYS'EMS

PROGRAMMERS

OR

HAVE

HAD

A

BRIEF

TECHNICAL

ORIENTATiON

IN

INFORMATION

PROCESSING

SYSTEMS,

AND ARE

INTERESTED

IN

THE

MANAGEMENT

AND

PRO

''CTION

OF

SOFTWARE

T

OOLS, THERE

ARE

DETAILED

EVALUATIONS

OF

OOCUMETAT

ION

AND

DEBUGGING

)FACILITIES,

SYSTEM

LANGUAGES

AND

LANGUAGE

MANI"ULATORS,

DATA

STRUCTORES

AND

MEMORY

ALLOC4-I S,

ROTH

TIE

DESIGN

AND

IMPLEMENTATION

OF

PARTS

OF

THE

SySTEM,

AS

*ELL

AS

THE

ENTIRE SYSTEM

ARE

DISCUSSED.

43

UNCLASSIFIED

/00328

UNCLASSIFIED

DOC

REPORT

SISLIOGRAP4Y

SEARCH

CONTROL

NO,

fOO320

AD-66I

539

j2

RAND

CORP

5ANTA

MU4NICA

CAL.IF

JOSS:

CENTRAL

ROCESSING ROUTINES,

(u)

AUG

67

Isar

SMIY,

, 0,

REPT,

N O,

RM-3270-pR

CONTRAC":

74'620-63-C-0045

UNCLASSIFIED

REPORT

OESCRIP

T

ORSI

(*TIME

SHARING,

DATA

PROCESSING

SYSTEMS),

(ePROGRAMMING(COMPUTERS),

INSTRUCTION

MANUALS),

SUBROUTINES,

FLOW

CHARTING, MAN-MACH!NE

SYSTEMS,

PROGRAMMING

LANGUAGES

(U)

IDENTIFIERS:

JOSS,

CN-LINF

SYSTEMS

(Ul

T-lS

IS

A

REFERENCE

GUIDE

FOR

JOSS

USERS

TO

(1)

THE

LANGUAGE

USL FOR

COUCHING

INSTRUCT

lf)S

TO

)OSS;

(2)

JOSSIS

RESPONSES

TO

INSTRUCTONSI

(3)

THE

COLLECTION

OF

MACHINE-

LAN(.JAGE

RCUINES

(IN

JOSS'1

CENTRAL COMPUTER)

RESPONSIBLE

FOR

INTERRETING

AND

NESDNOING

TO

INSTRUCTIONS1

AND

c4)

THE

DETAILS

AND

DEC

SIONS

THAT

13!;p.TW

ALLY

INFLUENCED

THE

LANGUAGE

IND

THE

DESIGN

ANO

IMPLEMENTATION

OF

THE

ROUTINES,

THE

MYRTAO

DETAIL5

0

TOTAL

SYSTEM DESIGN

ARE

GIVEN

CONSTANT

ExPCSURE,

AND

PARTICULAR

EMPHASIS

IS

PLACED

ON

TNE

CIELICATE

BALANCE

AND

SYM81OSIS

THAT

MUST EXIST

A'1OG

SYSTEM.

LANQUAGE, COMPUTER,

AND

ROUTINES

AND

ON

THE

PERVASiVE

EFFECTS

OF

EACH

COMPONENT

ON

THE

OTHERS,

ToL

MATERIAL

IS

PRESENTED

IN

A

NARRATIVE

FORM,

AUGMENTED

81

FLOW-CHART

REPRESCNTATIONS

OF

MOST

OF

THE

P'INCIPAL fOUTINES,

AND

IS

IN

PART

DESIGNED

TO

SERVE

AS

PROLEGOMENA

TO

THE

ANNOTATED

MACHINE-

LANGUAGE LISTINGS

OF

THE

ROUTINES

(COPIES

OF

WHICH

ARE

OBTAINABLE

FR$M

RAND),

(AUTHOR)

IV)

44

UNCLASSIF;ED

/OO328

UNCt.ASSIFIED

DDC

REPORT

MISLIOGRAPH"

SEARCH CONTROL

NO,

/00328

AD-661

551

9/'

RAND

CORP

SANTA MONICA

CAL

IF

THE

COPuTER

IN

YOUR

FUTURE,

NOV

67

148p

*ARE,*

,

REPT,

NO

:

9-3

26?

UNCLASSIFIED

REPORT

SUPPLEMENTARY

NOTE:

EE

ALSO

P-3279,

AD-431

9419

DESCRIPTORS:

(*COMPUTERS,

PREOICTIONS),

($DATA

PROCESSING

SYSTEMS, REVIEWS),

INTEGRATED

CIRCUITS,

DATA

STORAGE SYSTEMS,

MAGNETiC

C

RE

STORAGE,

PROGRAMMING(COMPUTERS),

FLOW

CHARTING,

MAN-MACMINE

SYSTEMS,

CODINGj

One

C

AMMING

LANGUAGES,

PUNCHED

CARDS,

INPUT-

OEvICES,

TIME

SHARING,

CMLAON(U)

VTTNTll

vL

S:

ON-LINE SYSTEMS,

JOSS,

PRIVACY

(U)

THE

REPORT

IS

DIVIDED

INTO

a

MAIN

PARTS,

THE

FIRST

PART

IS

A

TUTORIAL

DISCUSSION

OF

PRESENT

DEVELOPMENTS

IN

THE

COMPUTER

FIELD,

BOTM

FOR

HIARDWARE

ANO FOR

SOFTWARE,

THE

SECOND

PART

DISCUSSES

POTENTIAL

FUTURE

APPLICATIONS

FOR

THE

COMPUTER,

(U)

45

UNCLASSIFIED

10032l8

UNCLASSIFIE

DOC

REPORT

BIBLIOGRAPHY

SEARCH

CONTROL

NO,

/00O20

A0-64

6

S/%0

S/ I /1l

SYSTEM

DEyELOPMENT

CORP SANTA

MONICA

CALIr

MANAOEMENT

SYSTEM

TRAINING

USING

LEVIATHAN

tA

COMPLEX

COMPUTERIZED

ORGANIZATION

SIMULATION).

(Ul

DESCRIPTIVE

NOTE:

TECHNICAL

MEMO,,

NOV

67

SIP

HOLMENM, G,

IZUCKERMAN,J,

V, I

REPT,

NO,

TM-37f7/C

OiO0

UNCLASSIFIED

REPORT

SUPPLEMENTARY

NOTE:

PREPARED

Pi

COOPERATION

WITH

UNIVERSITY

OF

SOUTWERN CALIFOANIA,

LOS

ANGELES,

GRADUATE

SCHOOL

OF

B

$SNESS

ADMINISTRATION,

DESCRIPTORS: (*SOCIAL

COMMUNICATION,

*GROUP

DYNAMICS),

(*SOCIOAETRICS,

SYSTEMS

ENGINEER!

1,

(OMANAGEMENT

PLANNIN,

,

TEACHING

METHODS),

SIMULATION, LEARNING, COMPUTERS,

BEHAVIOR,

PERFORMANCE(HUMAN)

(U)

IDENTIFIERS:

LEVIATHAN,

ON-LINE SYSTEPS

IU)

THE

REPORT

DESCRIBES

A

MANAGEMENT

SYSTEM

TKAINING

PROJECT

CONDUC'vD

IN

1966

AT

SYSTEM

DEVELOPMENT

CORPORATION

BY

RESEARCHERS

FROM 7YSTIM

DEVELOPMENT CORPONATIO

AND

STAFF

MEMBERS

OF

THE

GRADUATE

SCHOOL

OF

BUSINESS

AT

THE

UNIVERSITY

OF

SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA,

THE

VEHICLE

FOR

T4E

STUDY

WAS

THE

LEVIATHAN

MODEL,

A

COMPUTERIZED

SIMULATION

FOR

STUDYING

COMMUNICATION

IN

LARGE

SOCIAL

ORGANIZATIONS,

THE

LEARNING

GROUP

AND

TAEIR

EXPERIENCE

WITH

LEVIATNAN

ARE

DESCRIBED

AND

SOME

SUBJECTIVE

AND

OBJECTIVE

EVALUATIONS

OF THE

EXPERIENCE

ARE

GIVEN,

FINALLY,

SOME

REFLECTIONS

ON

THE

UNIQUENESS

AND

POTENTIAL

OF

THE

MODEL

ARE

PRESENTED,

(AUTHOR)

tU)

46

UNCLASSIFIED

/00320

UNCLASS

IF

It

D

DOC

RErP-

B1

L1OGRAPNY

SEARCH

CONTROt_

NO,

/00328

AD-661

967 9/2

31"

SfSTEM

DEVELOPMENT

CORP

SANTA

MONICA

CALIr

SEMIANNUAL

TECHNICAL

SUMMARy REPORT

TO

THE

D7RECTOR,

ADVANCED

RESEARCH PROJECTS

AGENCY

rQR

THE

PERIOD

,

JANUARY

1967

TO

30

.JUNE

1967,

(U)

JUN

b7

S3P

REPT,

NO,

TM-687/008/00

CONTRACT:

19628-67-C-0004

UNCLASSIFIED

REPORT

SUPPLEMENTARY

NOTE:

SEE

ALSO

AD-61

582

DESCRIPTORS:

(*P'OGRAMMING LANGUAGES,

EvIE*S).

(ODATA

PROCES2ING

SYS'EMS,

REVIE*S)

,IPOT-

OUTPUT

DEVICES,

TIME

SHARING,

MAN-MACHINE

SYSTEIS,

LANGUAGE,

L4

NGLiSTICS, COMPILERS, NET*ORkS

(U)

TDENTIF

ERS:

LISr,

CN-LINE

SYSTEMS

(u)

THE

REPORT

DESCR!BES

WORK

DONE

IN

THE

ARPA

!NFORMATION

PROCESSING

TECHiNIoUES

RESEARCH

AND

LABORATORY

PROGRAM

AT

SOC

rROM

1

JANUARY

1967

TO 30

JUNE

1967,

PROJECTS

COVERED

IN

THIS

REPORT

INCLUDE:

PROGRAMMING

LANGLAGE

DEVELOPMENT,

MAN-MACHINE

LOmMUNIC

TION,

LANGUAGE

PROCESSING

RESEARCH,

AND

COMPvTER

PROGRAM

MANAGEMENT.

(AUTHOR

1

UNCLAS5IFIED

/00328

UNCS.AS

IF

ED

DDC

REPORT

SIBLIOGRAPHY

SEARC

CONTROL

NO.

/0032

AD-66i

2?4

9/2

MASSACHUSETTS

INST

OF

TEC-

CAMSPtDGE

PROGRAM ANALYSIS

OF

DIGITAL

Ccj'PUTEP.

,u)

OESCRIPTIvE

NOTE:

DOCTORAL

THESIS,

AUG

67

193P

*ILDE,DANIEL

U,

PRT,

NO,

MAC-TR-43

CONTRACT:

NONP-4

'

2(0I1

PROJ:

MR-ONB-18q,

RR-OO3-09Ol

UNCLASSIFIED

REPORT

DESCRIPTORS;

(oPROGRAMPINO(COMPUTERS),

FLO*

CHARTING).

TIME

SHARING,

THESES,

AuTOMAT.C,

REAL

TIME,

SUBROUTINES,

"AN-MACHINE SYSTEMS,

ALGORITHMS,

ADAPTIvE SYSTEMS

(Ul

IDENT'FIERS

ON-LINE SYSTEMS

(U)

COMPARING PROPERTIES

OF

NON-

AND

SELF-MODIFYING

PROg.RAmS

EADS

TO

THE

DEFINITION

OF

INDEPENDENT

AND

DEPENDENT

INSTRUCTION,

NON-MODIFYING

PROGRAMS

CONTAIN

ONLY

INDEPENDENT

INSTRULTIONS,

AND

SuC'4

PROGRAMS

CAN

BE

ANALYZED

BY

A

S-RAIGMT-FORWARD,

TWU-

STEP

ANALYSIS

PROCEDURE.

FIRST,

PROGRAM CONTROL

FLOW

IS

DETECTED$

SECOND,

THAT

CONTROL

FL^W

IS

USED

TO

DE!EPMI"F PROGRAM

DATA

FLOW

OR

DATA

PROCESSING,

HOWEVER,

SELF-MODiFYING

PROGRAMS

CAN

ALSO

CONTAIN

DEPENDENT INSTRUCTIONS,

AND

THEN

PR,,GRAM

CONTROL

FLOWS

AND

DATA

FLOWS

EXHIBIT

CYCL.C

INTERACTION,

THIS

CYCLIC

INTERACTION

SUGGESTS

L'ING

AN

iTERATIVE

OR

RELAXATION

ANALvSIS

TECHNIQUE,

INITIALLY,

THE

RELAXA7ION

PROCEDJRE DETERMINES

A

FIRST

APPROXIMATION

TO

CONTROL

FLOWI

THE

SECOND

STEP.

TO

DATk

FLOA,

THESE

TWO

STEPS

ARE

REPEATED

UNTIL

STEADY-STATE

COND,TION

IS

REACHED,

ALGOF

ITHMS

FOR

IMPLEMENTING

AF

FIRST

ITERATION

ARE

PRESENTED,

THESE

ALGORITHMS

ARE

CAPABLE

OF

ANALYZING PROGRAMS

WHICH

MODIFY

THEIR

CLNT.

AND

PROCESS!NG

NSTPVJCTIONS

WHILE

EXECUTING,

ALSO

DESCRIBED

ARE

DATA

STRUCTURES

WHICH

PEAMIy

CONSTRUCTING

rNCTIONAL

EXPRESSIONS

FOR

DATA

FLOW

OR

INFORMATION

PROCESSING.

FINALLY,

ACTUAL

OUTPUT

FLOWCHARTS

OF

SELF-MOOIFYINC

PROGRAMS

ARE

DISPLAYED.

(AUTHOR)

lU)

48

UNCLASSIFIED

/003do

0

UN

CL.

AS

s S

IF

r S

DDC

REPORT

lP.1

OGRAPHYV

SE

ARCH

CONTROL

NO'

100328

AD-662

320

5/10

RAND

CORP

SANTA

MONICA

CALIF

SYSTE-ATIC

USE

Or

rYPERT

OPINIONS,

NOW

&7

lap

MELMEN,OUAr

FL .

0*

-372

1

._NCLASS~rEFD

PR-MRT

DESCPIPTORS:

(*GROUP

D*NAMICS.

*DEC:SICo\

MrAKING).

PUBLIC

OP1NION,

A

;rOMAIOki,

PROBLEM

,otvING,

PRrDICTIONS,

PERrOSMANCE(HUMANt

D0E.T

Ir R S 0 E L'

P

TE

:H

N1

,E.,J

OS

S,

ON-L

INE

STE'

THE

REPOR

T

DISCUSS

S

BASIC

PW:\C!PLES

AND

-.

OmL

Apr

P c CAONS

VrOR

THE

DFURMI

%CM1NIOCUE

, V

C8ANIGOPINIONS

CONCERNINqG

C0,'~PLICAWLD

ISSUES,

fU)

UINCLASSIFIED

'00328

UNCLASSIFIED

DDC

REPORT

BIBLIOGRAPHY

SEARCr

CONTROL

NO.

-'328

AD-662

'19

9r2

SYSTEM

DEVELOPMENT

CORP SANTA

MON!CA

CALIF

QUUP

uSER'S

MANUAL.

DESCRIPTIVE

NOTE:

kCmNICAL

mtMO.,

S a

67

1

4 P

SHISAN,

,. R.,

REPT,

NC,

TM-271

"QCO/02

CONTRACT:

DAHCIS-.z-C-O079

UNCLASSIF

,ED

REO:RT

AVAILABILITY: DuB6ISnED

IN

OPYRIGMTED

JOURNAL,

SUPPLEMENTARY

N T

EI

RESEARC

SoPPCOTEo

IN

PART

BY

ARP

A,

DESCRIPTORS:

(OPRgG

All[

CCM

nERs,

INSTRUCTION

MANUALS?,

;m

5'ARPING,

T!XT@ZcKS,

MAN-MACNINE

SYSTEM$

IDENTIFIERSI

ON-LINE

Sv

E ',

OLUP

U

THE

MANUAL

IS

DESIGNED

FO;

USE

*ITM

QOLQP,

-k

0-32

ON-LINE

QUERY

AND

UPDATE

CAPAB

ILITY

F

0P

iS-

LUCID

DATA

BASES,

IT

DESCRIBES

ALL

INP

T

R-LE

AND

FORMATS

AS

*ELL

AS

?wE

RETRIEVAL

AN3

O2P2

CAPABILITIES

O T

HE

PRO.RAM,

THE

MANUAL

IS

ORGANIZED

IN

TWO

SECTIOk!S,

THE

FORMAT

SECTIO'

CONTAINS

ALL

INPUT

$QRMR

TS

AND

IS

TABBED

rOR

INTERACTIVE

JSE,

THE

DISCUSSION

SECTION

CC%,tAINS

A

COMPREHENSIVE

TCXTUAL

DISCuSSiON

OF

T-F

PRoQ"RA

ITS

CARABiLITIES,

AND

ITS

OOTP-T,

(AUTr

R U)

5 0

UNCLASSIFIED

/00321

UjNC,.Ar-S

Ir

ED

DOC

REP~kT

BItLICGQAPH-

SEAR

H

CCNTRC4

NO,

oO32k

AD-662

66!

6/59/

MASSACHU~SETTS

INS

T

CP

YEC

"

CA

MAR!D

GE

A

SYSTEM

FOR

CC"P..TER-A;^,ED

":AGNOSIS.

DESCRIPTI-E

NOTE:

CC

T

RAI

?Is

SEP

67

256P

ORRY,CEORGF,

ANT"O'4v

RE,

N,.

'AC-TR-4k

-ONTAC!:

NONR4IO2(0OI

t-NC,.ArSIFIEC

REPORT

OESCRAI~ORS:

(*DIAGINOSIS,

OCOMPTER

PROGRAMS).

REAL

TIME,

TIME SHARING,

COMPUTERS,

mODE~LS(SI"VLAT

IONS),

THEC-ES,

PROBAB!LlTy,

PATTERN

RE

IT

I

ON

(J

IDENTIFIERS:

CN-L!N'l

SYSTEmS

(U

THE

lo'ESIS

DESCRIBES

A

MODEL

\O~*i

PCBLE-

AND

A

COMPUTER

PROGRAM

DESICGNED

'0

DEAL

bvITm

THI

PROBL.EM.

THE MODEL

D)IAGN^S51C

PROe,,EM

IS

AN

ABSTRACT

PROBLEm'.

A

MAJCR

COINTENT!CN

OF

THIS

T

HE

SIS,

MOREV

E

R,

IS;

THAT

THI PROBLEM

3,BSjMC'.

'HE

PRINCIPAL

FEAIIURES

CF

A

NUM"BER

OF

CS'fNSIBIv

DIFFERENT

REA_

DIAGNOSTIC

PROBE'45

JNCLDIN(L

CER7A!V

PROBLEMS

OF

MEDICAL

DIAGNCSIS

AND

THE

DIAGN7S7S

0F

MACHINE

FAILLRES.

A

SECOND

mA

R CZ'ErC'C

THIS

THESIS

!S

THAT

STRATEC:Fc

FC

!M"E

5%,TON CF

T

HE

MODEL

DIAGNOSTIC

PROBLE-

CAN

BE

'rM".ATED

IN

TERMS

StiFFICIENTL.V

EXPLICI'r

'-,

P*mj

r ;mEIQ

INCOR;IORATION

IN

A

COmPL.ER

PR'CRpAm,

T.-.E

DIAGNOSTIC'

PROZCRAM

OAS

I-PLELNIEL

'IN

THE

;E

SMAR1,4'i

SYSTEM

A'

PRO,)EC'T

M

AC

.

:r

AS

APPL

IE'

TOC

T

*

MEDICAL

PROBLEMS

T

H

E )

ArNCS

IS orCl~fTA

HEAR"

SEASE,

AND

THE

-fAGNOS!S

--

-R:HARv

BJONE

T.jmQ

(7 THE

RESULTS

OBTAINFD

oERE

SLO;,

ST

T,4AT

ACOMPUTER

PROGRAM

CAN

RE

OF

CONStIOERABLI

VAL

.E

AS

A

-DIAGNOSTIC

TOOL,

AND

(,2)

THAT

I'

is

ouI

TE

ADVANTAGEOU,

FRo

StUCH

A

PROGRA.M

TC

PER$\"RM

SEOUI.NTIA,

DI1AGNOSIS

AS

IT

INTERACTS

*I"H'

-

T E

SEO.

UNC.ASSjI[,ED

AD62666

1

HASSAC-4,SErS

l~iT

"F

TE

-CAP o

S

Y48

L

IC

NECA

-

0N.

_E

27

710 MSSOE,

COPNTRAC',

NONi~ol(ol

*

NO-O'48-189,

RR

0 3-9 0

,;NC

1

.A5ShI,7Eo

EP

R

DESCRIPTORS:

JORGA"N CmTR

SD1FPEREN'!A._

EQOAT!CNS

,

PROBEM

SOL',!NG.

T 1 4

S'1'AP

? %G, '

ESES,

S

v"

L2,

C

014P,,TE

R

PROGRAMS,

AqR'IF :C

A IN'ELLIENCEA E~

!CEI'1L12:E5:

MAC

PR-T

-ISO,

0

4L%

SIN

ANn

SOLD4Eq

ARYE

-E~wISIC

PRC~'S'Ar

*R!TTEN

!%

S'

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t.RA

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vf5 1

41

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\

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RA:

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5,

S

IN%

I-

,

Z

A

~I

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SEVERA,_

" #f mFTHQ

)

'"AN

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%N TE PfV:,,

^

F T-

PR

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Av'["PE^'

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SAINT'

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FS

;

A

I

A

S

I.

-

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A

VF

RA

~

A

Pk-nL'

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-NS ar F

Q

Es E Lr- A

AI

% Ir

S

A

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7

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UNCLASSIFPi.O

D.

REPORT

SIBLIOGRAPHY

SEARCH CONTROL

NO,

/00328

AD-663

325

9/5

9/2

MASSACHQSETTS

INST

OF

TECH

CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH

LAB

OF

Et.

CTRONICS

A

PR04RAM

FOP

ON-lINE ANALYSIS

OF

NONLINEAR

ELf

,RON!C

CIRCUITS,

(U

47

6P

KATZENELSON.J#OB

I

EVANSDOAVID

S.

;LqE,HARRV

8, 1

CONTRACT:

DA-

3-OJ-AMC-0aOQ(E,,

NSG-496

PROjI

DSR-6132,

OSP-94'

UNCLASSIFIED

REPORT

AVAILAUILITYI

PUBMISHED

IN

IEEE

INTERNATIONAL

CONVENTION

RECORD

OT,

5

P89-94

1967,

SUPPLEMENTARY

NOTE?

RESEARCH

SUPPORTED

!N

PART

BY

AIR

FORCE,

ARPA,

AND

NONR,

DESCRIPTORSI

($ELECTRICAL NETWORKS,

ANALYSIS),

DATA

PROCESSING

SYSTEMS,

TIME

SHARING,

COSTS,

NONLINEAR

SYSTEMS,

REMOTE

CONTROL SYSTEMS,

PROGRAHMING(COMPUTg;RS,

DISPLAY SYSTEMS,

INPUT-OUTPUT

DEVICgS

LU)

IDENTIFIERSI

COMPATIBLE

TIME-SHARING

SYSTEM,

ON-

LINE

SYSTEMS, AEDNCT,

BATCH

PROCESSING

(U)

USERS

HAVE

FOUND

THAT

AEDNET

PROGRAM

TO

BE

ATTRACTIVE

BECAUSE

OF

THE

EASE

WITH

WHICH

IT

CAN

BE

USED,

THE

SPEED

OF

RESPONSE,

AND

THE

FACT

rHAT

A

USER

NEED

NOT

SPECIFY

THE

COURSE

OF

HIS

ANALYSIS

AT

THE

OUTSET,

THE

COST

9F

TE

MINAL

hANOWARE

AND

PROGRAM

DEVELOPMENT

PRESENTLY

IS

HIGH,

HOWEVER,

COSTS

SHOULD

BE

GREATLY

REDUCED

WHEN

ON-LINE

COMPUTATIONAL

FACILITIES

BECOME

COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE

AND

USERS

COOPERATE

IN

PROGRAM

DEVELOPMENT,

THUS

IT

APPEARS

LIKELY

THAT

ON-LINE CIRCUIT

ANALYSIS PROGRAMS

WILL

FIND

EXTENSIVE

USE

IN

BOTH

INDUSTRY

AND

EDUCATION,

(AUTHOR)

(U)

54

UNCLASSIFIED

/003

8

UNCLASSIFIED

DOC

REPORT

BIBLIOGRAPHY

SEARCH CONTROL

NO*

100320

AD--66q

039

15/$

9/2

RAND CORP SANTA

MONICA

CALIF

COMBAT

--

A

S:RIES

OF

ON-LINE

COMPUTER PROGRAMS

FOR

FORCE

COST

ANALYSIS,

cut

DEC

67

asP

TENGC.

ITENZER,A.

J, I

REPT,

NO,

P-364b

UNCLASSIFIED

REPORT

SUPPLEMENTARY

NOTE:

PRESENTED

AT

THE 1947

COMPVTER

SUMMER

WORKSHOP SPONSORED

BY

THE

INDUSTRIAL

COLLEGE

OF

THE

ARMED

FORCES

AND

THE

UNITED STATES MILITARY

ACADEMY,

WEST POINT,

N,

Y,4

JUL

20

1947,

DESCRIPTORS:

(*DATA

PROCESSING

SYSTEMS,

ARMED

FORCES

OPERATIONS),

(eARMED

FORCES

OPERATIONS,

COST

EFeECTIVENESS),

COSTS,

COMPUTER PROGRAMS,

DATA

PROCESSING

SYSTEMS,

MILITARY

REQUIREMENTS,

DEC'SION

MAKING,

EFFECTIVENESS,

MA',HEMATICAL

MODELS,

ITERATIVE

METHODS

(U)

IDENTIFIERSI

ON-LINE SYSTEMS,

COMBAT(COST

ORIENTED

MODELS

BUILT

TO

ANALYZE

TRADE-

OFFS),

TRADE

OFFS

(U)

THE

REPORT

DESCRIBES

A

NEW

FORCE

STRUCTURE

COST-

ESTIMATING

MODEL

CALLED

COMBAT,

IT IS

PROGRAMMED

FOR

AN

ON-LINE

COMPUTER

SYSTEM,

AND

DESIGNED

WITH

THE

WAR

GAMING

ACTIVITY

IN

MIND,

COMBAT STANDS

FOR

COST

ORIENTED

MODELS

BUIL

T

TO

ANALYZE

TRADE-OFFS,

IU)

5S

UNCLASS

IF

IED

/003

8

/*/

/

UNCLASS

IFI~ED

D.C

RE*ORT

BIRLiOGRAPHY

SEARCH CONTROL

NO,

100328

AD-,64

337

9/0

MITRE

CORP

BEDFORD

MASS

A

USER'S

GUIDE

TO

THE

ADAM

SYSTEM,

fU)

DEC

67

asaP

REPTo

NO,

MTR-243

CONTRACT:

AF

194624)-5165

PROJI

soar

MONITORI

ESD

T-64-444

UNCLASSI

IEQ

REPORT

DESCRIPTORSI

(*DATA

PROCESSING

SYSTEMS,

INSTRUCTION

MANUALS),

COMMAND

*

CONTROL

SYSTEMS,

PROGRAMMIN61COMPUTERS),

PROGRAMM;NG

LANGUAGES, COMPILEIS,

SYSTEMS

ENGINEERING,

COMPUTER PROGRAMS,

INFORMATION

RE,4.EVAL,

SYNTAX,

REAL

TIME,

SUBROUTINES

(U)

IDENTIFIERS:

ON-LINE SYSTEMS,

IBM

7030,

ADAM

SYSTEM,

FAFLE

PROGNAMMING

LANGUAGE,

DAMSEL

PROGRAMMING

LANGUAGE

(U)

ThE

REPORT

DESCRIPES

THE

KINDS

OF

CAPABILITIES

AVAILABLE

IN

THE

ADAM

SYSTEM

AND THE

WAY

IN

WHICH

THEY

ARE

USED,

THg

PROCESSES

FOR

CREATING

AND

MAINTAINING

A

DATA BASE,

SPECIFYING

FORMATS,

MODIFYING

THE

FOR"

OF

THE

INPUT,

AND

SPECIFYING

PROCEDURES

ARE

DESCRIBED,

THE

FABLE,

IVGL,

AND

DAMSEL

LANGUAGES

ARE

ALSO

DESCRIBED,

(AUTHOR)

EU)

56

UNCLASSIFIED

/003a*

41I

UNCLaSIFIED

CDC

REPORi

BIBLIOGRAPHY

SEARCH CONTROL

NO,

1OOa8

AD-666

409

S/ 9/2

SYSTEM

DEVELOPMENT

CORP

SANTA

MONICA

CALIF

TGTI

TRANSFORMATIONAL

GRAMMAR

TESTER,

(U)

DESCRIPTIVE

NOTEI

TECHNICAL

MEMOt

NOV

47

33P

LONVEDo

L,

ISCHOENEW,

REPT,

NO,

TM-37S9/000/00

CONTRACT:

F19636-bT-C-OOOH

UNCLASSIFIED

REPORT

DESCRIP-ORS:

(*TRANSFORMATIONAL

GRANMARS,

ANALYSIS),

COMPUTER

PROGRAMS,

LINGUISTICA,

TIME

SHARING, PHRASE

STRUCTURE

GRAMMARS

(U)

IDENTIFIERS:

TRANSFORMATIONAL

GRAMMAR

TESTER,

ON-LINE SYSTEMS

(U)

THE

iNSFORMAT!ONAL

GRAMMAR TESTER

(TGT)

IS

A

PROGRAM

SYSTEM

FOR

ON-LINE

INTERACTIVE

USE

WITH

A

TIME-SHARED COMPUTER,

A

SYSTEM

ESPECIALLY

DESIGNED

To

RELIEVE

THE

LINGUIST

OF

MANY

MECHANICAL OPERATIONS

AND

BOOKKEEPING

PROCESSES ASSOCIATED

WITH

BUILDING

AND

VALIDATING

TRANSFORMATIONAL

GRAMMARS,

WITH

TGT, THE

LINGUIST

CAN

BUILD FILES

OF

RULES

AND

TREES

REPRESENTING

SENTENCE STRUCTURES,

AND

CAN

ACHIEVE

RAPID

TESTING,

EXECUTION

AND

MODIFICATION

OF

HIS

FILES,

(AUTHOR)

(U)

57

UNCLASSIFIED

/00328

UNCLASSIFIED

DOC

REPORT

BIBLIOGRAPHY

SEARCH CONTROL

NO,

/0030

AD-644

530

9ri

ROYAL

AIRCRAFT

ESTABLISHMENT FARNSOROUGH

(ENGLAND)

MERCURY

MINIJOSSI

MULTI-ACCESS

INTERACTIVE

USE

OF

THE

MERCURY

COMPUTER,

(Ul

DESCRIPTIVE

NOTE:

TECIHNICAL

REPT,,

OCT

67

IP

GILBEY,u,

M, I

REPT,

NO,

RAE-TR-6027?

UNCLASSIFIED

REPORT

DESCRIPTORSI I*PROGRAMMINGICOMPUTERSI,

MULTIPLE

OPERATION),

REMOTE CONTROL SYSTEMS,

PROGRAMMING

LANGUAGES,

FLOW

CHARTING,

TIME

SHARING, COMPILERS,

GREAT

BRITAIN

(U)

IOENTIFIERSI MERCURY

COMPUTERS,

ON-LINE

SYSTEMS

(U)

A

SIMPLE

JOSS-TYPf

SYSTEM

IS

DESCRIBED

WHEREBY

THE

R,Afo

MERCURY

COMPUTER

CAN

BE

MADE

AVAILABLE

TO

UP TO

FIVE

INCEPENDENT

USERS

SIMULTANEOUSLY

FOR

ON-LINE

EVALUATION

OF

SIMPLE

EXPRESSIONS

AND

FgR

PROGRAM

DEVELOPMENT

TESTING,

EDITING

AND

RUNNING

IN

A

SPECIAL

LANGUAGE,

(AUTHOR)

(U)

58

UNCLASSIFIED

/003as

• *4

UNCLASSIFIED

DOC

REPORT

BIBLIOGRAPHY

SEARCH CONTROL

NO,

100328

AD-667

634

912

CALIFORNIA

UNIV

BERKELEY

REFERENCE

MANUAL

TIME-SHARING

SYSTEM,

(U)

DLSCRIPT-VE

NOTEI

REVISED

ED,,

NOV

67

49P

DEUTSCH,L,

PETER

I

DURHAM,LARRY

;LAMPSONBUTLER

W, I

REPTg

NO,

R- lI

UNCLASSIFIED

REPORT

DESCRIPTORS:

(*DATA

PROCESSING

SYSTEMS,

TIME

SHARING),

(OPROGRAMMING(COMPUTERS),

MULTIPLE

OPERATION),

(*TIME

SHARING, INSTRUCTION

MANUALS),

SCHEDULING,

TELETYPE

SYS

T

EMS,

REMOTE

CONTROL

SYSTEMS,

DATA

STORAGE SYSTEMS

fU)

IDENTIFIERS!

FLOATING-POINT OPERATIQN,

ON-LINE

SYSTEMS

(U)

THE

BERKELEY

TIME-SHARiNG

SYSTEM

I|.

DIVIDED

INTO

THREE MAJOR PARIS'

THE

MONITO*,

THE

EXECU*IVE,

AND

THE

SUBSYSTEMS,

ONLY

THE

FIRST

TWO

OF

THESE

ARE

DISCUSSED

IN

DETAIL

IN

T

HIS

MANUAL,

THE

MANUAL

ATTEMPTS

TO

DESCRIBE

EXHAUSTIvELY

ALL

THE

FEATURES

OF

THE

MONITOR

AND

IN

ADDITIO

'0

61VE

A

NUMBER

OF

IMPLEMENTATION

DETAILS,

IT

A'SO

DESCRIBES

THOSE

FEA'URFS

OF

THE

EXECUTIVE

WHICH

CAN

BE

INVOKED

BY

A

PROG4AM,

THE

WORD

MONITOR

IS

USED

TO

REFER

TO

T

HAI

PORTION

OF

THE

SYSTEM

WHICH

IS

CONCERNED

WITH

SCHEDULING,

INPUT-OUTPUT,

INTERRUPT

PROi.ESSVNG,

MEMORY

ALLOCATION

AND

SWAPPING,

AND

THE

CONTROL

OF

ACTIVE

PROGRAMS,

THE

EXECUTIVE

IS

CONCERNED

WITH

THE

CONTROL

OF

THE

CATEGORIES

AND/R

RETRIEVAL PHRASES,

USING

BOOLEAN

CONNrCTORS,

THERE

ARE

TWO

MODES

FOR

RETRIEVAL

OPER

'ION?

THE

OROWSE

MODE

AND

THE

L:.,RCH

MODE,

IN

THE

BROWSE

MODE

THE

USER

MAY

SP(CIFY

BROAD

CA!EGORIES

AN$

RETRIEVAL

T

.RMS

AND

THEN

FROWSE

THROUGH

THE

RETRIEVAL INFORMATION

ENTRY

BY

ENTRY,

THE

USER

DESIGNATES

WHAT

IN7ORMATION

IS

TO

B

RETURNED.

TH!S

MAY

BE

ANYTHING

THAT

IS

DEFINED

IN

THE

DATA

3ASE,

AND

MAY

RANGE

FROM

A

S:NGLE

COMPONENT

(SUC.A

AS

AUTHOR,

TITLE,

ETC,,

FOR

A

BIBLIOGRAPHIC

DATA

SET)

TO

A

COMPLETE

BODY

OF

TEXT

(IE.,

AjLTRACTI,

CAUTHOR)

(FOR

PRESENTATION

AT

THE

T'IRD ANNUAL

COLLOQUIUM

ON

INFORMATION

RETRIEVAL,

UNIV.

OF

PENNSYLVANIA,

MAY

12-13,

76

UNCLASSIFIED

/00329

r

UNCLASSIFIED

DOC

REP

I?

BIBLIOCRAPPY

S[ARCM

CONTROL

NO,

/O032

AD-632

537

/2 1/i

MITRE

CORP

SEDFOR

R

1

MASS

PROCEEDINGS

OF

THE

CONGRESS

ON

TME

INFORMATION

SYSTEM

SCIENCES

(2D),

(U)

MAR

b soap

REPT,

NO,

CONTRACT:

AF

19(62q-239U,

MONITOR:

FSO

,

TR-65-3

6

UNCLASSIFIED

REPORT

DISTRIBUTION;

SPAqTAN

BOOKS,

INC.

1250

CONNECTICUT

AVENUf

NW.

*ASHIN'TON,

0,

C,

$2J

975,

SUPPLEMENTAIf

NOTE!

DESCRIPTORS:

(oOATA

PROCESSING

SYSTEMS,

SYMPOSIA),

COMMAND

4

CONTROL

SYSTEMS,

PROGRAMMING

LANGUAgES, INFORMATION

RETRIEVAL,

MANAGEMENT PLANNING,

DESIGN, TECHNICAL

INFORMATION CENTERS,

MAN-MACHINE

SYSTEMS,

DECISiwN

MAKING,

GRAPHICS,

SU4

ECT

INDEXING,

CO

U!TERS,

COSTS,

EILMS, BEHAVIOR,

SCIENTIFIC PERSONNEL,

ENGINEERING

PERSONNEL,

ADAPTIVE SYSTEMS,

LINGUISTICS,

TRANSrORMATIONAL

GRAMMARS

(U)

IDENTIFIERS: ON-LINE SYSTEMS,

INFORMATION

SC;ENC[S,TIME

SHARING(COMPUTERSI,

INFORMATION

SYSTEMS,

COLINGO,5AYFS'

THEOREM,

SELF-ORGANIZING

SYSTEMS.

MAC

PROECT,!ILE

STRUCTURES

(U)

THF

PAPERS FORMED

THE

BASIS

FOR

DISCUSSION

IN

SIXTEEN

TECHNICAL

SESSIONS

AT

THE

SECOND

CONGRESS

ON

THE

INFORMATION SYSTEM

SCIENCES

(NOV

1164), THE

CONGRESSES,

NOW

ESTABLISHED

AS

BIENNIAL

EVENTS,

WERE

fORMEO

TO

INCREASE

COMMUNICATION

AMONG

SCIENTISTS,

ENC!NEERS,

AND

MILITARY PERSONNEN

IN

THE

TECHNOLOGY

OF

INFORMATION

SYSTEMS,

(U)

77

UNCLASSIFIED

/00329

UNCLAsSI1IED

DOC

REPORT

BIeLIOGRAPHY

SEARCH

CONTROL

NO,

'00129

AD-633

36

9/2

OREGON

STATE

UNIV

CORVALLIS COMPUTER

CENTER

PROGRESS

REPORT

ON

THE

NEBULA

COMPUTER,

(U)

DESCRIPTIVE

NOTEI

DOCVMENY,

S8JAN -P

N:CKODEMUS,W,

A,

IBOLESJ,

A, t

HOSELTON,G,

A,

RUX.P,

T.

ISHEPARDD,

B, 1

REPT,

NO,

CC-6414,

CONTRACT?

NONR-126(II

),

UNCLASSIFIED

REPORT

SUPPLEMENTARY

NOTEt

DESCRIPTORS:

toDIGITAL

COMPUTERS,

DESAGNi,

DELAY

LINES, GLASS,

COMPUTER

STORAGE DEVICES,

COmPUTER

LOGIC,

RELAXATION

OSCILLATORS,

GATES'CIRCUITS),

TELETYPE

S'ySTEMS,

READING

MACHINES,

PROGRAMMING(COMPUTERSI

(Ui

IDENTIFIERS:

NEBULA

COMPUTER,

COMPUTER

CONSOLES,COMPUTER

WORDS

(U)

A

MEDIUM

SPELO,

SERIAL

DIGITAL COMPUTER

WAS

CONSTRUCTED

USING GLASS

DELAY

LINES

CIRCULATING

AT

z2

MC,

AS

MEMORY.

AN

ARRANGEMENT

OF

INFORMATION

WITHIN

TmE

22

MC.

MEMORY

ALLOWS

A

SIMPLE

INTERFACE

WITH

THE

3qO

KC,

ARITHMETIC

UNIT,

WHICH RESULTS

IN

AN

EFFECTIVE

ZERO

LATENCY

TIME

AND

PROVIDES

POSSIBILITIES

FOR

AN

ASSOCIATIVE

MEMORY,

THE

ARITHMETIC

UNIT

HAS

A

COMMAND STRUCTURF

SIMILAR

TO

LARGE

PARALLEL

MACHINES

AND

USES

FLIP-FLOP

ARITHMETIC

AND

CONTROL

REGISTERS

THROUGHOUT,

ALL

HARDWARE

DEVELOPMENT

HAS

BEEN

AIMED

TOWARD

THE

CONCEPT

OF

EASY

MODIFICATION,

ELABORATE CONSOLE CONTROLS

FOR

EFFECTIVE

MAN-MACHINE INTERACTION,

AND

LOW

CbGT,

(AUTH

R (U)

7U

UNCLASSIFIED

/00329

UNCLASSIFIED

DOC

REPORT

BISLIOGRAPHY

SEARCH CONTROL

NO,

/O0329

AD-641

371

9!/

MITRE

CORP

BEDFORD

MASS

AESOP:

A

GENERAL

PURPOSE

APPROACH

TO

REAL-TIME,

DIRECT

ACCESS

MANAGEMENT

INFORMATION SYSTEMS,

(U)

JUN

66

3sP

SPIEG.

.,

J,

ISUMMERS,,J,

K, I

BENNETTtE,

Me

I

REPT,

NO,

MTP-33,

CONTRACT:

AF

I9E4ao9-$16$,

PROJI

AF-500,

MONITOR:

ESO

To-66-289

UNCLASSIFIEO

REPORT

SUPPLEMENTARY

NOTE:

SEE

ALSO

AD-632

320

DESCRIPTORS:

(*INFORMATION

RETRIEVAL,

oMANAGEMENT

PLANNING

,

(eDATA

PMOCESSING

SYSTEMS,

INFORMOTION

RETRIEVAL),

TELEVISION

DISPLAY SYSTkMS, COMMAND

+

CONTROL

SYSTEMS,

LIGHT

COMMUNICATIrN

SYSTEMS,

CATHODE

RAY

TUBES,

COMPUTERS,

REAL

TIME;

PROGRAMMING(COMPUTERS)

,

MILITAR,

REQUIREMENTS

(UP

IDENTIFIERS:

AESOP,

ON-LINE SYSTEMS,

LIST

PROCESSING,LIGHT

P,..S,

COMPUTER

CONS'.)LES

(U)

AESOP,

A

LABORATORY-BASED

PROTOTYPE

OF

A

GENERAL

PURPOSE, ON-LINE,

VISUALLY-ORIENTED

INFORMATION

SYSTEM,

IS

USED

Tg

INVESTIGATE

WAYS

OF

HANDLING

MANY

DIFFERENT

TYPES

AND

LEVELS

OF

COMMAND

AND

MANAGEMENT

PROBLEMS

SPANNING

ORGANIZATIONAL

LEVELS

FROM

THE

EXECUTIVE

SUITE

DOWN

THROUGH

THE

STAFF

AND

OPERATIONS

ANALYSTS

TO

THE

ACTUAL

SYSTEM

DESIGNERS

AND

PROGRAMMERS.

IN

PARTICULAR,

IT

DEALS

WITH

THOSE

ORGANIZATIONAL ACTIVITIES

THAT

REQUIRE

HIGHLY

FLEXIBLE,

DIRECT-ACCESS

CAPABILITIES,

THE

SYSTEM

IS

CONFIGURED

FOR

EASY

USE

BY

THE

INEXPERIENCED

AS

WELL

AS

BY

THE

SOPHIS'jCATED,

AND

UTILIZES

A

VARIETY

OF

USER

STATION DEVICES

TO

FACILITATE

SUCH

FLEXIBILITY,

INCLUDING

A

CATHOCE-RAY-TUBE

DISPLAY,

A

LIGHTGUN,

A

TYPEWRITER,

AND

ASSOCIATED

PUSH-BUTTONS.

AT

EACH

STATION,

IT

IS

CAPABLE

OF

GENERATING,

EDITING,

AND

FORMATTING

INFORMATION

ON-LINE,

AS

WELL

AS

BUILDING,

EXECUTING,

AND

DEBUGGING

ON-LINE

THE

ANALYTIC

AND

MATHEMATICAL PROCEDURES

AND

ALGORITHMS

OF

BOTH

THE

USERS

AND THE

SYSTEM

ITSELF,

DEPENONG

UPON

THE

ORGANIZATIONAL

AREA

OR

LEVEL

OF

THE

USER,

ALTHOUGH

THE

BASIC

PROTOTYPE

SYSTEM

WAS

DEVELOPED

FOR

USE

IN

MILITARY COMMAND

AND

MANAGEMENT

PLANNING

AND

INFORMATION

SYSTEMS,

ITS

PHILOSOPHY

AND

CONCEPTS

ARE

APPLICABLE

TO

INDUSTRIAL

AND

ACADEMIC

ORGANIZATIONS.

(AUTHOR)

(u)

UNCLASSIFIED

/00329

di

UNCLASSIFIED

iDDC

REPORT

BIBLIOGRAPHY

SEARCH

CON

'L

NO,

/00319

AD-440

647

5i

S/2

517

9/2

r-igEM

DEVELOPMENT

CORP

SANTA

MONICA

CALIF

ON-LINE INTERACTIVE DISPLAYS

IN

APPLICATION

TO

LINGUISTIC

ANA.YSIS

AND

INFORMATION

PROCESSING

AND

RETRIEVAL.

iu?

OESCRIPTIVE

NOTE:

PROFESSIONAL

PAPER,

SEP

66

l2P

SIMMONSRf

F, I

REPT,

No,

SP-244a/OOI/O0,

CONTRACT:

AF

19(6281-5164,

UNCLASSIFIED

REPORT

SUPPLEMENTARY

NOTE:

PREPARED

FOR

PRESENTATION

AT

THE

SYMPOSIUM

ON

MAN/MACHINES

INTERACTION,

PARIS

(FRANCE),

10-17

OCT

6 ,

SEE

ALSO

AD-61S

710,

AD-632

473,

DESCRIPTORS:

(OMAN-MACHINE

SYSTEMS,

DISPLAY

SYSTEMS),

INFORMATION RETRIEVAL,

COM-UTATIONAL

LINGUSTICS,

REPORTS,

BIBLIOGRAPHIES

(U)

IDENTIFIERS: ON-LINE SYSTEMS,

KERNELIZATION(SENTENCESi, BOLD,SENTENCES

(u)

AS

COMPUTERS

ARE

USED

FOR

INCREASINGLY

COMPLEX

OPERATIONS

SUCH

AS

RETRIEVING DOCUMENTS

AND

ANALYZING

SENTENCES,

IT

5ECOMEb

APPARENT

THAT

HUMAN

DECISION

-

MAKING

IS

STILL

AN

ESSENTIAL

ELEMENT

OF

THE

PROCESS,

THE

USE

OF

THE

ON-LINE

INTERACTIVE CAPABILITY

'r

ToPAY'S

THIRD-GENERATION

COMPUTERS

SUPPORTED

BY

TYPEWRITER

AND

D!SPLAY

SCOPE

TERMINALS

MAKES

THE

CONSTRUCTION

OF

COMPUTER-AIDED

SYSTEMS

FOR

THESE

COMPLEX

TASKS

AN

ATTRACTIVE

laPROACm,

TWO

SUCH

SYSTEMS

ARE

DESCRIBED

IN

THE

PAPER,

ONE

IS

BOLD,

A

DOCUMENT

RETRIEVAL

SYST'M

THAT

Or

ZRS THE

USER

AN

ON-LINE

BROWSING

CAPABILITY

AS

WEL

AS

THE

ABILITY

TO

RETRIEVE DOCUMENTS

OR

CONSTRUCT

BIBLIOGRAPHIES

USING

COMPUTER-DRIVEN

DISPLAY

SCOPES

AND

TYPEWRITERS,

THE

OTHER

IS A

SENTLNCE-4NALYSIS

S

jTEM

THAT

COMPUTES DEPENDENCY

ANALYSES.

P'RASC

STRUCTURE

ANALYSES

AND

KERNEL

SFTS

FON

ACH

SENTENCE

IT

IS

GIVEN,

THIS

SYSTEM

PRODUCES

AND

DISPLAYS

MULT'Pi

ANALYSES

AND

ALLOWS

T"'

USER

TO

CORRECT

THEM

OR

TO

SELECT

THOSE

WHICH

ARE

SATISFACTORY,

THE

CONCLUSION

IS

THAT

FOR

SOME

TIME

TO

COME

COMPLEX

INFORMATION

PROCESSING SYSTEMS--PARTICULARLY

THOSE

CONCERNED

*ITH

NATURAL

LANGUAGES--*ILL

REPA

I.

AT

THE

LEiEL

OF

SEMIAUTOMATIC

COMPUTER

AIOS

TO

HUMAN

INFORMATION

PROCESSING,

AS

9UCH,

THEIR

USEFULNESS

CAN

BE

MAXIMIZED

BY

OPTIMAL

USE

Or

INTERACTIVE

OISPLAf

TECHNOLOGY,

(AUTHOR)

(U)

UNCLASSIr

IED

/C)32a

9/

U

NCL~

ASS

5IFI

ED

DOC

REPORT

BbIOGRAPk

SEARCM

CONTROL

NO*

/00329

AD-40

45

3/4

3,!a

9/2

SYSTEM

DFVELOPMENT

COk,

SANTA

MONICA

CALIF

LTIL!ZATION

OF

ON-LINE JNTE

RCTIVE

DISPLAYS,

(U)

DESCRIPTIVE

NOTE:

PROFESSIONAL

RAOR,

AUG

46

35P

BORKO,H,

I

REPT,

NO,

SP-257S,

UNCLASSIFIER

REPORT

SUPPLEMENTARY

NOTE:

PREPARED

FOR

PRESENTATION

AT

THE

CONGRESS

ON

INFORMsTION

SYSTEM

SCIENCE

AND

TECHNOLOGY

(JRD),

BUCK HILL

FALLS,

PENNSYLVANIA,

NOVEMbER

0-23

1966o

DESCRIPTORS:

f*eAN-MACHINE

SYSTEMS,

DISPLAY

SYSTEMS),

IoIN'ORMATION

RETRIEVAL,

MAN-mACHINE

SYSTEMS),

PROJRAMMfNG(COMPVTERS),

PROBLLM

SOLVING,

DECISION

MAKING,

DATA

PROCESSING

SYSTEMS,

SYNTAX,

TELEfYPE SYSTEMS, CATHODE

PAY

TUSES,

COMPUTERS

4U)

THF

VERSATIL1"Y

AND

ADVANTAGES

OF

USING ON-LINE

INTERACTIVE

DISP-AYS

ARE

ILLUSTRATED

BY

EXAMPLES

FROM

(I

THE

GENERAL PWRPOSE DISPLAY

SYSTEM

(GP"S

), (2)

THE

PATTERN

LEARNING

PARSER

(PLP

1,),

AND

(3)

THE

BIBLIOGRAPHIC

ON-

LINE

DISPLAY SYST(M

(SOLD),

ALTHOUGH

THESE

SYSTEMS

ARE

DESIGNED

FOR

6IFFERENT PURPOSES

THEY

ALL

UTILIZE

DISPLAYS

4S

COMMUNICATION

CHOANNELS

3Y

WHICH

THE

MAN

AND

THE

MACHINE

ARE

ABLE

TO

ENGAGE

IN

A

DIALOG

A%

WORK

TOGETHER

TO

SOLVE

PROBLEMS,

THE

COMPUTErN

PROCESSES

DATA

RAPIDLY

AND

DISPLAYS

THE

RESULTS,

HE

INF4OMATION

PROVIDED

IN

THE

DISPLAYS

ENABLES

THE

SER

TO

STEER

AND

CONTROL

T

HE

STEP-BY-

STFP

PROGRESS

OF

TE

PROG"AM,

NOT

ONLY

ARE

PROBLEMS

SOLVED

MjRE

EFFICIENTLY,

BUT

THE

USERS

ARE

MORE

SATISFIED

BY

TPF

qESULTS

ACHIEVED,

"AUTHOR)

(Ut

UNCLASSIFIED

/00329

S

/

UNCLASSIFIED

DDC

REPORT

BIBLIOGRAPHY

SEARCH

CONTROL

NO,

'00329

AD-b'02 2559/ 312

PENNSYLVANIA

UNIV

PHILADELPHIA

MOORE

SCHOOL

OF

ELECTRICAL

ENGINEERING

THE

PDR-

5 AS A

SATFLLITE

PROCESSOR,

IU)

MAY

46

IsP

WEINBERG,PAUL

R, I

WOLFBERG.MICHAEL

St

I

CONTRACT:

NONR-$SH(NO)

UNCLASSIFIED

REPORT

AVAILABILITY: PUBLISHED

IN

DECUS

PROCEEDINGS

PSj-44

MAY

1966,

DESCRIPTORS:

($DATA

PROCtSSqG

SYSTEMS,

*INFORMATION

RETR!EVAL?,

PEAL TIME,

MULTIPLE

OPERA

T

ION,

REMOTE

CONTROL SYSTEMS,

INPUT-OUTP'tjT

DEVICES, COMPUT!RS

(U)

IDENTIFIERS:

PDP-5,

IBM

7040

(U)

A

PDP-$

AT

THE

UNIVERSITY

OF

PENNSYLVANIA

IS

ATTACHED

TO AN

IBM

70O4

THROUGH

A

HIGH

SPEED

DATA

CHANNEL,

IN

THIS

COP,

IGLRATION

IT

SERVES

AS

AN

INTERMEDIARY

BETWEEN

THE

7040

AND

StVERAL

REMOTE

CONSOLES

INCLUDING

CHARACTER

DISFLAYS

A D

TELETYPES,

THE

PURPOSE

IS

To

PROVIDE

REAL-TIME

INFORMATION RETRIEVAL

SYSTEMS

WITH

A

REMOTE

CONSOLE

CAPABILITY,

THIS

PAPER

CONSISTS

OF

TWO

PARTS1

T14E

FIRST

SECTION

DESCRIBED

THE

INTERACTION

AMONG

To,_

VARIOUS

SUBSYSTEmS.

AND

T

HE

SECOND SECTION

PRESENTS

AN

ACCOUNT

OF

THE

ASSEMB8Y

OF

POP-S

PROGRAMS

ON

THE

70

0,

(AUTHORi

(U)

UNCLASSIrIED

/00329

-

UNCLASSIFIED

ODC

REPORT

BIBLIOGRAPHY

SEARCH

CONTROL

NO.

/00324

AD-4q7

19&

5/2

9/2

PENN3YLVANIA

UNIV

PHILADELPHIA

MOORE

SCHOOL

Or

ELECTRICAL

ENGINEERING

DESIGN

PRINCIPLES

FOR

AN

ON-LINE

INFORMATICN

RETRIEVAL

SYSTEM,

(U

DESCRIPTIVE

NOTE:

TECHNICAL

REPT,,

DEC

66

136P

LO*E,TMOMAS

C, I

RERT,

NO,

67-I

CONTRACT:

AF

49(6341-1421,

DA-31-1I2-AROID)-352

PRO.,!

AF-9769

TASK:

976o01

MONITOR:

AFOSR

47-043

UNCLASSIFIED

REPORT

DESCRIPTORS:

(.INFORMATION

RETRIEVAL,

DESIGN

j,

QECODING, COMPUTER

STORAGE DEVICES,

REAL

TIME,

DATA,

MAN-MACHINE

SYSTEMS,

DATA

STORAGE SYSTEMS,

COMPUTER

OPERATORS,

TYPE*RITERS

(U)

IDENTIFIERSI

ON-LINE SYSTEMS

(U)

AREAS

INVESTIGATED

INCLUDE

SLOW

MEMORY

DATA

STORAGE,

THE

PROBjEM

OF

DECODING

FROM

AN

INDEX

TO

A

SLOW

MEMORY ADDRESS,

THE

STRUCTURE

of

DATA

LISTS

AND

DATA

LIST

OPERATOIS,

COMMUNICATIONS

BETWEEN

THE

HUMAN

USER

AND

THE

SYSTiM,

PROCESSING

OF

IETRIEVAL

REQUESTS,

AND

THE

USER'S

CONTROL

O-ER

THE

RETURN

OF

INFORMATION

RETRIEVED.

LINEAR, LINKED

AND

INVERTED

FILE

STRUCTURES

ARE

CONSIDERECD,

EMPIRICAL

DATA

FROM

THE

REPOSI!ORv

Or

THE

ASiOCIATION

FOR

COMP.jTING

MACHINER

Y

ARE

USED

FOR

ILLUSTRATIVE

PURPOSES.

THESE

DA-A

ARE

A, I

USED

IN

THE

POkTION

OF

THE

L-CODING

MECHANISM

STUDY

WHICH

DEALS

*ITH

THE

EFFECTS

OF

TRUNCATION

Or

1N[OEX

TERMS,

FOLLOWING

THE

FILE

ORGANIZATION

STuDY,

THE

NECESSARY

LIST

STRUCTURES

AND

LIST

OPERATORS

ARE

DESIGNED.

AN

EDITING

LANGUAGE

FOR

USE

BY

THE

HUMAN

OPERATOR

IN

COMMUNICATING

WITH

THE

SYSTEM

IS

SPECIF

IED,

AS ARE

REOUIREMENTS

FOR

THE

ExECuTION

OF

'BACKGROUND'

P,,n(RAMS

WMEN

A

USER'S

INFORMATION RETRIEVAL

REOUEST

IS

NOT

BEING

PROCESSED.

FINALLY,

A

SIMPLE

SEOUENCF

O

MAN-MACHINE

COMMUNICATIONS

WHICH

ALLOW

THE USEP

OF

THE

SYSTEM

TO

SPECIFY

WHAT

CLASSES

Or

DATA

ARE

TO

BE

RETURNEO

TO

HIM

IS

OUTLINED,

(AUTHOR)

(U)

UNCLASS:71E0

/0Q319

UNCLASSIFIED

DOC

REPORT

B1BL0OGRAPHY

SEARCM CONTROL

NO,

/OOJ29

AD-653

179

5/4

LEHIGM

UNIV

BETHLEHEM

P

CENTE

M

FOR

TK';

N7ORMATION

SCIENCES

EXPERIMENTAL

RETRIEVAL SYSTEMS

STUDIES,

REPORT

NO,

a:

SYSTEMS

MANUA.

FOR

EPERIMENTAL

LITERATURE

COLLECT!ON

AND

REFERENCE

RETRIEVAL.

SYSTEM,

(U)

APR

7

59P

ANDERSCNTONALD

R, I

AMICO,ANTMONY

F.

;GREEN,.JAMES

$, 1

CONTRACT:

NONR-610iO(

b ,

AF-AFCSR-724-65

MC."ToR:

AFOSR

67-1676

UNCLASSIFIED

-EPORT

SUPPLEMENTARY

NOTE:

REPT,

NO,

1,

PS-

1

7J

J161

REPT,

NO,

3,

AD-6S3

?80,

-DtScRIFTORS:

(*INFORMATION RETRIEVAL,

REPORTS),

INSTRUCTiON

MANUALS, TECHNICAL INFCRMATION

CENTERS,

PROGRAMMING

LANGUAGES,

TELETYPE SYSTEMS,

S'J5JECT

INDEXING,

TRAINING,

COMPUTER

PROORAMS

(U)

IDENTIFIERS:

GE

22

COlPUTER

(u)

TWE

MANUAL

DESCRIBES

AND

DOCUMENTS

THE

RETRIEVAL

SYSTEM

USED

BY

THE

CENTER

POR

THE

INFORMATION

SCIENCES

FOR

SELECTED

C

.RRENT

LITERATURE

OF

THE

INrORMATION

SC

ENCES, ABOUT

2,500

DOCUMENT

REFEReNCES,

THE

SYSTEM

IS

PRE$ENTLY

ON-L

INE

VIA

TELETYPE

AND

CONVERSION

IS

tN

PROCESS

I'ROM

TAPE

TO

DISK,

SOTH

ASSOCIA'Ii

E

AND

NON-ASSCCI'I

VE

SEARCq

SYSTEMS

ARE

IN

OPERATCON,

(AUT0OR)

UNCLASSI

rEO

SN CL A S

SIF~I

(

DOC

REPORT

BIBLIOGRAPHY

SEARCH

CONTRO,.

NO,

/00321

AD-653

260

2

LEH4IGH

UNIv

BETL.EHEM

PA

CENTER

FORt

TH~E

INFORMAtION

SCI!ENCES

EXPERIMENTAL RE.TRIEVAL

SYSTECMS

STUDIES,

REPORT

NO.

3

.( U

APR

67

661D

ANDERSON,

PONA

LD

R,I

t

A'AR0A,ANOPEPt

4,

IEED,OAVID

M,

I

CONTRACTI

NON-61O(O8,.

NSF-GE-2369

NCLASSIFIEO

RP"ORT

SU.PPLEMENTAXY

NOTE:

SEE

ALSO

REP!,

NO,

2,

AD-*S3

279

,

DEcCCIP'ORS:

j

INFORMATION

RETRPJEVAL.,

REPORTS,

SuSjECT

INDEx!NG

irECT~vENESS,

SEASCH

TEORY,

ALTOMATtC,

DOCUMrNAT:ON,

DES16N,

SYNTAX,

SEMANTICS

,

COMPUTFR

PROGRAMS,

STA

T7S

T

iCAL

ANALYSIS,

ARTIFICIAL.

INTELLIGENCE,

LEARN!NG,

TECHNC'AL INFORMATION

CENTERS

(u)

CCONINTS:

AN

ASSOCIATIVITY

TECmNICUE

1-00

ALJTCMATICALLY

OPTj

lZIN6

R#ETRIEVAL

RESULTS;

A

SYN'fACTICALLY

ORItNTr.O

NAT-'PAL.

LANG-,;AC.

00C.

*INT

ff'PvIEAL

SISTEM

*IT-

A

SPO*SASILITY

FEAT'-!Rf:

0100ASE

'I

EX

ING.

/

UNCLASSIFIED

DDC

REPORT

BIBLIOGRAPHY

SEARCH

CONTROL

NO,

/00329

AD-&S3

"43

1/1

9/3

1,212

PENNSYLVANIA

UNIV

PHILADELPHIA

MOORE SCHOOL

OF

ELTCTRICAL

ENGINEERING

THE

INPUT/OUTPUT

AND

CONTROL SYSTEM

OF

TkE

MOORE

SCHOOL

PRObLEM

SOLVING

FACILITY,

lu

DESCRIPTIVE

NOTE:

TECHNICAL

RE

T. ,

jUN

47

ISO P

MCRTON,RICHARD

P,

OOLFBERG,MICHAEL

S, I

REPT,

NO,

67-30

CONTRACT:

NONR-5S$

| O)

UNCLASSIFIED

REPORT

DESCRIPTORS:

ieT.atTvPE SYSTEMS,

*INJ-o',o-'T

OEvICESi,

(ePROBLEM

SOLVING,

DIGITAL

COMPUTERS)

,

INFORMAT!ON

RETRIEVAL,

REAL

TIME,

INTERACTIONS.

PROGRAMMING(COMPQTERS),

SCNfDULING,

REMOTE

CONTROL

SYSTEMS,

MANAGEMENT

ENGINEERING,

COMPUTER PROGRAMS,

CODING,

INSTRUCTION

MANUALS,

DOCUMF>,TATION,

BIBLIOGRAPHIES,

GRAPHICS,

PICTURES,

PROCESSING

U

THE

REPORT

OOCUMENTS

THE

EFFORT OMICN

HAS

TO

DATE

GONE

INTO

PROVIOIG

THE

ON-LINE,

REAL-TIME

CAPklI6ITY

NEEDED

FOR

THE

,iDORE

SCHOOL

PROSLE

SOLVING

rACILITY.

THE

FACILIT!tS

CESCRIGED

A'LO*

A

QSER

AT

A

REMOTE

TERM

I N,

To

PREPARE

I

NP)T

,

EXECuTE PROGRAm5

ON

A

COMPOTER

AND

EXAMINE

"IS

OUTPLJTj

'M E

PROGRA"S

DfSCRlISFD

ARE

RESPONSISLE

FOR

CONTROL6!NC

*"IS

PROCESS

BY

TRANSMITTTNG

ANn

SvrFERIC

'-E

DA'A

TO

AS

'

FROM

THE

COM~uTER,

TRANSLATING

OFTW

EN

!

XTERNA

AN,:)

INTERNAL

CODE

.

AsD

SCk[DvLi

jN

THE

C

"P,,[4S'

EFFORTS.

UNCLASS

I'Etcr

LDDC

REPORT

BIBLIOGRAPHYr

SEARCH'

CONTROL

NO.

10O329

Rt(:STONE

SCIENTIFIC

INFOR~MATION

(,

TE

REDSTONE

ARSENAL

AJTOA'ION

IN

LIB90ARIES

jF!RS1

ATL.IS

*ORKS~rHOP)j

151

NOvEmBE

1966.

(u

,;UN 67

l s

REPT

,

NO

A

RSI

C - a 5

0 N

I 0R~ A

TL

IS

3

..

NCLASSIFIED

REPORT

DESCRIPTORS:

(OL!URARIES.

A

,TOMAT!ON),

PROCESSING

5SSEMS,

TECWNICAL

INFORM~ATION

CFNTERS

$YMPOSIA,

PROGRArMMING

-AN>,

A~jS

iu)i

IDENTIFIERS:

ON-.LINE

SYSTEMS

CONTENTS:

GENERAL

SYSTEMS

(ALPmA

IN GENERAL.

PAfRCN

CONTROL.

S'%T.M,

T14E

LANGuAGE

CONTROL

S,)BSYSTEm

OF

ALPHA,

AUT0.mAT(D

8C')K

OREOERIN'

A,-)

RECEIVING,

BOOK

CATALOGING,

BOOK

CIRCULATION,

SERIALS

-

6AS;C

7

YSTEM,

SERIALS

-

WOLDINGS

RECORDS,

S,'PERVISCQS'

Y!E*

OF

IMPLEMENTING

ALPHA

! ,

'4A"C

C,RRENT

DISSEMINATION

P'AOG

AMS

!SEL.ECTivL

OSSEMINATION

OF

!NFORMA7!CN

PROGR~AM,

SF6JCTI*E

ODISSE':NAIO

OF.

INFORMA'JO%

, A

LIRAAY

SvST'E.

F.

0R

SELECTIVE

oISSmITsAfoN

OF

IF0RM'ICN,

NASk/SZ-

;SER

RE4CTIONS

I

RE'

*LECT!VE

SEARt>4,%CG~7Ei

OOCQMEN'ATIc'N

CENTER,

RS!C

SERS

AN"

THE

Doc

SE

A

qC

"ES,

NA

NAL

A

fq

CN

A.

!C

S

A

%r-

S

Pw

C

E

A D 1 4

1S

T

RA

T

0N,

F5 -4

NA

SA

T4(

01

RETRTSPrC~iv[

SCAfCm!NNO

AT

RtS

Cj:O -l

AP~l'A

!

NS

A

OH

-

AN:-

NAPAL'4

.

&NC S..AE%

r

UNCLASSIFIE:D

DOC

REPORT

BSLIOGRAPHY

SEARCH CONTROL

NO,

/03329

AD-654

3q0 5/2

12/i

BOLT

BERANEK

AND

NEWMAN

!NC

CAMBRIDGE

MASS

EFFECTIVENESS

OF

INFORMATION

RETRIEVAL

METHODS,

(U)

JUN

67

$aft

~evVS,JON

A, I

REPT,

No,

SCIENTIFIC-8,

BBN-j'gq

CONTRACTZ

AF

19(b28)-S06i,

APA

ORDER-627-2

pxO'

'

Ar

84#18

ONITO

AFCRL

67-041a

UNCLASSIFIED

REPORT

DESCRIPTORS.*

(OiNrCRMATION

RETRIEVALi

ErrECTIVENESSI, DECISION

THEORY, ANALYSIS,

STATE-OF-THE-AR?

REVIEWS,

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS,

MATHSMATICAL

MODELS

,

EXPONENTIAL

FUNCTIONS,

INDEXES,

DOCUMENTATION

U)

IDENTIFIERSI

EVALUATION,

ON-LINE

SYS.'EMS,

DENSITY

FUNCTIONS

(Ui

RESULTS

OF

SOME

FIFTY

DJFERE

T

RETRIEVAL

METHODS

APPLIED

IN

THREE

EXPERIMENTAL

RETRIEVAL

SYSTEMS

WERE

SUBJECTED

TO

THE

ANALYSIS

SUGGESTED

BY

STATISTICAL

DECIS,3N4%THEORY,

THIE

ANALYSIS

VALIDATES

A

PREVIOUSLY-PROPOSED

MEASURE

OF

ErFECTIVENESS

AND

DEMCNSTRATES

ITS

SEVERAL

iESIRAS.E

PROPERTIES,

THE

EXAMINATION

OF

A

WIDE

RANGE

OF

DATA

IN

RELA*ION

TO

TMIS

ONE

METRIC

PROVIDES

A

CLEAR

AND

GENERAL

ASSESSMENT

OF

THE

CURRENT

STATE

OF

THE

RETRIEVAL

ART,

AND

SHOWS

THAT

THE ART

1S

STILL

PAR

rROM oHAT MIGHT

BE

CONSIDERED

A

DESIRABLE

STATE

,

lAUTHOR)

(U)

8r8

UNCLA$SSIIEP

/00329

UNCLASSIFIED

DOC

REPORT

BILI

oGRAP4v

SEANCH CONTROL

NO,

/00321

AD-657

e12

5/9

/

5/11

512

RAND CORP SANTA

MONICA

CALIF

T1E

COMPUTER-HER$

OR

YILLAIN,

AUG

47

17P

G

EEN

Ekr

ER MA

!N I

EP

T , , p - 3

k5

6

UNCLASS1FIEQ

REPORT

AVAILARILITY:

Ou96!SHEO

IN

JOHNS

HOPKINS

MAGAZI-4,

FALL

197,

DESCRIPTORS: (oMAN-MACNINE SYSTEMS,

ATTITUDEI),

(*EDUCATION,

COMPUTER;),

(*$;NFORMATION

RETRIEVALt

COMPUTEqS

,

(*COMPUTERS,

ATTITUDES;,

DECIS19N

MAKING,

AUTOMAT!ON,

PERFOkMANCEtENG

INEERING)

jU

IOENTIFIERS:

COMPuTER-AIDED

INSTRUCTION',

ON-LINE

SYSTEMS

(U

I"

IS

HUMAN

TO BE

tEARFUL

AND

DiSTRUSTFQL

OF

A

STRANGER,

TME

COMPUTER,

LESS

THAN

TWENTY

YEARS

SINCE

1TS

APPEARANCE

UpoN

THE

COMMLRCIAL

SCENE,

IS

STILL

A

RELATIVE

§TRANGER

TO

OUR

TImE

,

STRANGERS

TEND

TO

LOOK GRAY

TO

US

(AT

BEST)

AND

OUR

INCL!NATION

1S

TO

RANT

TO

MAKE THEM

BLACK

OR

WHITE,

PEOPLE

LOOK

VOr

SCAPEGOATS,

AND THE

AWESOME

COMPUTEP

IS

A

CONVENIENT

ONE,

WHAT

!S

SAO

IS

THAT

IT

HAS

StCOME

A

SCAPEGOAT

IN

CERTAIN SZGMENTS

OF

THE

SCHOLARLY COMMUNITY, INCLUDING

PEOPLE

WITH

TmE

ABILITY

7O

APPLY

THE

COM;UTER

TO

HUMANITARIAN

ENDS,

THE

COMPUTER

POT!NTI;

FOR

GO00

IS

VAST,

BUT

IT

IS

LIKE

AN

EMPTY

TABLET

THAT

MUST

BE

FILLED

IN

BY

MAN

TO BE

MAO

USEFUL

AND

MEANINGFUL,

TO

FILL

IT

IN

WELL

REGUIRES

UNDERSTANDINS,

AND THE

BIAS

THAT

UNDERLIES

SCAPEGOATING

IS

THE

ENEMY

OF

vNOERSTANDING,

IN

THE

LAST

ANALYSIS,

THE

QUESTION

WITH

*HICHl

WE

STARTED

(THE

COMPUTER--HERO

OR

VILlA!N

IS

A

GUESTION

ABOUT

MEN,

NOT

MACHINES,

WE

CAN

LOOK

TO

OUPSELVES

IN

ANSWERING,

(U)

UNCLASSI

IED

/00329

UNCLASSIFIED

ODC

REPORT

SIBLIOGRAPHY

SEARCH

CONTROL

NO,

1OOi39

#D-659

3o"

9

OREGON

STATE

UNIV

CORVALL

IS

COMPUTER

CENTeR

PROGRESS

REPORT

ON

THE

NEBULA

COMPUTER,

(U)

DESC IPTIVC

NOTE:

RE",

POR

I

JAN

'6-21

AUG

67,

AUG

67

BO1

O0LES,.J.

A,

ICHE-VE

S,V.

L

IHAEk,,

N,

:

HOSELTON,G,

A,

ROGOFF

B,

RfPT,

NO,

C-67-8

CONTRACT:

NONR-I26(1

)

UNCLASSIFIED

REPORT

SUPPLEMENTARY

NOTE

SEE

ALSt

AD-633

364,

DESCRIPTORS:

(*DIGITAL

COMPUTEPS,

D

SIGN),

10COMPUTER S-ORAGE DEVICES,

DELAY

LINrS),

(*DATA

STORA(,e

SYSTEMS,

DESIGN),

GLASS,

RKLAXATION

OSCIL(ATORS,

SHIFT

REGISTERS,

CONTROL

SYSTEMS,

INPUT-OUTPUT

DEVICES,

COMPUTER

LOGIC,

PROGRAmmjNcicomPUTER5t,

TELETYPE

SYSTEMS,

DISPLAY

SYSTEMS,

SUBROUTINES

(U)

IDENTIFIERS:

NEBUh

COMPUTER,

ASSOCIATIVE

MEMORY,

ON-LINE

SYSTEMS

(U)

OREGON

STATE

UNIVEkSITY

HAS

DESIGNED

AND

CONSTRUCTED

A

MEDIUM SPEED, SERIAL

DIGITAL COMPUTER

USING CLASS

DELAY

LINES

CIRCULATING

AT

2a

MC.

AS

MEMORY.

THE

DESIGN

OBJECTIVES

AS

ORIGINALLY

CoN4CEIVED

&.A A

SPFCIAL

SEMINAR

WERE:

1) TO

BE

A

RESEARCH

PROJECT

IN

COMPUTER

OESIGN,

(2)

TO

BE

USED

AS

AN

EDUCATIONAL

MACHINE,

(3) TO

HAVE

EAS.LY

MODIFIABLE HARDWARE

POR

BASIC

RESEARCH

IN

COMPUTER

SYSTEMS DESIGN,

AN

UNUSUAL

ARRANGEMENT

OF

INFORMATION

WIfHIN

THE

22 MC,

MEMORY

ALLOWS

A

SIMPLE

INTERFACE

WITH

THE

34O

KC.

ARITHMETIC

UNIT,

WHICH

RESULTS

IN

AN

EFFECTIVE

ZERO

LATENCY

TIME

AND

PROVIDES

POSSIBILITIES

FOR

AN

ASSOCIATIVE

MEMORY,

THE

ARITHMETIC

UNIT

4AS

A

COMMAND STRUCTURE

SIMILAR

0

LARGE

PARALLEL MACH!NeS

AND

USES

FLIP-FLOP

ARITHMETIC

AND

CONTROL

REGISTERS THROUGHOUT,

ALL

HARDWARE

DEVELOPMENT

HAS

BEEN

AIMED

TOWARD

THE

CONCEPT

OF

EASY

MODIFICATION,

ELABORATE

CONSOLE

CONTROLS

FOR

EFFECTIVE

MAN-MACWINE

INTERACTION,

AND

LOW

COST,

rHIS

REPORT

DESCRIFES

THE

STATUS

Or

THE

PROJECT

AS OF

AUGUST,

21,

1067

(ALT40R)

(U)

90

UNCLASSIFIED

/00329

UNCLASSIFIED

DOC

REPORT

5IL10GRAPHY

SEARCH

CONTROL

NO.

/00329

AD-5?

464

512

LEHICH

WNIV

BETHLEHEM

PA

CENTER

FOR

THE

!NFORMATION

SCIENCES

QUESTION-NEGOTIATION

AND

INFORMATION-SEEKING

IN

LiBRARIES,

(U)

DESC41PTI

;

NITE:

FINAL

MEPT,,

JUL

47

BP

TAYLORROBfRi

S. I

REPT,

NO,

3

CONTRACT'

AF-AFOSR-7'4-66

PROJ:

Af-9769

TASK:

976901

MONITOR: AFOSR

67-2365

UNCLASSIFIED

REPORT

SUPPLEMENTARY

NOTE:

RFPl,

ON

?STUDIES

IN

THE

MAN-

SYSTEM INTERFACE

IN

LIBRARIES'

.

SEE

ALSO

AO-cJ7

7131

AD-433

020,

DESCRIPTORS:

(&LIIRARIES,

EFFECTIVENESS),

(*INFORMATION

RETRIEVAL,

EFFECTIVENESS).

DOCUMENTATION, MAN-MACHINE

SYSTEMS,

TECHNICAL

INFORMATION

CENTERS, SOCIAL

COMMUNICATION,

SEARCH

THEORY

(U)

THE

REPORT

IS

A

STUDY

OF

TWO

TYPES

OF

THE

PROCESS

OF

OUESTION-NEGOTI

TION

IN

LIBRARIES

AND

INFORMATION

CENTERS, THROUGH

TAPED

INTERVIEWS

WITH

SPECIAL

LIBRARIANS

AND

INFORMATION

SPECIALISTS,

FIVE

LEVELS

OF

INFORMATION

WERE

ISOLATED

WHICH

ARE

CONSCIOUSLY

SOUGHT

AN,

RECEIV(D

BY

THE

LIBRARIAN

IN

IHE

NECOTIATION

PROCESS,

THESE

ARE

(I )

SUBJECT

DEFIN!TIONI

(2)

OSJECTIVp

AND

MOTIVATIONI

(3)

PERSONAL

CHArACTERISTICS

OF

THr

INQU;RERI

(4)

RELATIONSHIP

Or

INOUIRY

DESCRIPTION

TO

FILE

ORGANIZATIONI

(3)

ANTICIPATED

OR

4CCEPTABLE

ANSWERS.

THE

SECOND

TYPE

OF

NEGOTIATIONj,

SELF-

HELP,

!S

THAT

IN

WHICH

THE

INQUIRER

ALONE

NEGOTIATES

WITH

THE

TOTAL

INFORMATION

SYSTEM,

UNDERGRADUATE

STUDFNTS

IN

COURS(S

IN

THE

INFORMATION

SCIENCES

REPORTED

ON

THIS

PROCESS

RESULTING

FROM

A S'

GENERATED INFORMATION

NEED?

THE

DECISIONS

AND

STRATEGIES:

THE

S§URCEi

USED,

BOTH

HUMAN

AND

PRINT;

THE

COMPLEXI'IES

AND

FAILURES

Of

THEIR

PROCESSES;

AND

THE

AMBIGUITIES

OF

THEIR

QUESTION-ASKING

SYRATEGIES,

FOUR

SUC4

VEPORTS,

INCLUDING

SYSTEMS CHARTS,

ARE

SHOC

N,

THE

TWO

TYPES

ARE

COMPARED

WITH

RECOMMENDATIONS

FQR

IMPROVING

THE

DISPLAYS

AT

THE

INTERFACE

BETWEEN

INOUIRER

AND

SYSTEM.

(AUTHOR)

(U)

UNCLASSIFIED

/C0329

lpJ

UNCLASSIFIED

DOC

REPORT

BIBLIOGRAPHY

SEAP04

CONTROL

NO,

/O0329

AD-660

Oaq

S/2

9/2

LEHIGH

UNIV

BETHLEHEM

PA

CENTER

FOR

THE

jNFORMATION

SCIENCES

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DESCRiPTGRS: 1COMPPUvERS,

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SYSFEMSJI

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SHARIN

5,

INTERACTIONS,

COSTS.

DECISION

TH~EORY,

PROGRA~MINCCKOUTER~t,

HAT~1tAATICAL

MODELS

~u

IDENTIFIERS:

OK-.'E

SYSTEMS,

DOuGGING(COMPUYERSI,

OJ*TIMAL

CONTROL

AOR!(W

A

SURVEY

Of

THE~

LITEPATURE

RFLATED

TO

4ANCCM~vzz_'f

INTERA

,TION

RFVI:ALS

THE

?IANy

ASPECTS

OF

THIS

POBLEM,

WHICH

APPEARS

TO

BE

IN

T'4E

CROSSRCADS

AMONG

5SCK

DIVERSE

FIELDS

AS

CQMPjTER

LANGUAGES,

COMPUTER

SYSTEMS

OPERATIONAL CHARACTEkil-ICS,

CONTROL

THEORY'.

DECISION

THOY,

INFOPMATICN

THECORY,

APPLIED

PSYCHOLOGY,

COM!'VTER

DISPLAY

AND

;NTER

'CE

ENGINECRIi

,

ETC

,

IN

T

H

S

PAPER

*E

vHAVE

CW-OSEN

0

PRESENT

THE

ON-IjNE

IN!

RAC!l:N

FROm

AN

INFORMATION

AND

OFCtSION

POINT

Or

V o A

M'ODEL

!S

GIVEN

OF

T4E

CA!SE

IN

PHICH

A

kU4AN

OPERATOR

1S

ENCACGED

ON-LINE

IN

TH

ME

SOLUTION

OF

APROBLEI'f

LIKME

DCBUGC;rNG

A

PROGRAM,

TESTING

A

e-'VEL

IN A

SCIENTiFIC APPLICATION,

OR

PERFOR"!NG

A

LIBRARY

SErtCN,

9N

TH~IS

"ODE

THE

H4UMAN

OPERATOR

IS

CCNSIDERED

TO

SEEN

TO

MINIMI?

OVERALL

COST,

THIS

COST

IS

OBTAINED

BY

AD"ING

THE

OP"'RATIONAL

COST

Ol"

COYN

MAN

AND

COM~uTER

TO

A

REMNANT

TERMINAL

CosY

rRICINATE6

3Y

THiE

REMAINING,

UN~CERTAINTY.

THIS

A:'ALI5SS

PRl~R*RE0

FOR

LACH

OF

A

SEI

OF

POSSIBLE

&kLTtERNATIVES

FOR

AC

ION,

'lAY

LEAD

To

SELECT

AND

FXECUTC

ONE

OF

TI4Em,

TO

TERMINATE

THE

PROCESS,

OiR

To

RE-EVALUATE

THE

POSSIBLE

ALTERNATIVES

AND/OR

HYPOTH*ESES

IN

A

SEARCH

rOR

NF

ONES.

SOME

PRACTICAL

APPLICATIONS

IN

TrRmS

OF

RLSPONSE

TIKE

A,"

OTHCR

C!AOACTfISTIC.S

OF

A

COMPUTER

UttLTY

ARE

PNESENTED,

AS

WELL.

AS

SOME

?I4EOF'ETICAL

!MPLLCATIONS

FROM

AN

INrORMATIONAJ

00iNy

OF

VIEW,

tAVTHORI

U

UNCLASSIFIlED

/00O34'9

UNC

AS

S I I

ED

ODC

REPORT

!B!LIOGRAmY

SEARCH

CONTROL

NO,

/00

2q

AD-647

170

512

9'2

SYSTEM

DEVELOPMEN?

COAP

FALLS

CHIRCH

VA

DEFENSE

DOCUmENTATION

CEN

T

ER

FIVE

YEAM

'L.AN

STUDY,

VOLUME

1,

FIVE

YEAR

PL 5N, (U)

DESCPIPTIVE

NOTE!

TEC

HNICAL

ME MU,

AUG

46

45P

REPT,

NO,

TM-RD-268/OO1/00

UNCLASSIrjEO

REPORT

SUPPLEMENTARY

NOTE:

SEE

ALSO

VOLUME

2, ADO67

171,

DESCIPTORS;

j$DOCUMENTATION,

STA*i.-OF-THE-ART

REVIE*S'

foOA

A

PROCESSING

SYSTEMS,

DOC

f

ENTATI.ON)

,

INFOR

AT

ON

RET*IE'

A,

DEPARTmEN

'

OF

DEFEWSE,

MANAGEMENT

PLANNING,

TECHNICAL INFORMATION CENTERS,

DIGITAL

COIPUTERS,

PJ-NCHED

(ARDS,

ABSTRACTS, 6IBLIOGRAP

IES,

EFFECTIIVENESS,

REAL

TIME,

ALTOMATION

I U

IDENTIFIERS: DEFENSE

DOCUMENTATION

CENTER,

ON-LI

JE

SYSTEMS, INFORMATION

MANAGEMENT

(U)

THIS

DOCUMENT

!S

THE

RESULT

Of

A

THREE-MONTH

STUDY

BY

THE

SYSTEM

DEVELOPMENT

CORPORATION,

CONhUCTED

FOR

THE

DEFENSE

DOCUMENTATION

CENTER

(DDC), THE

REPORT

CONSISTS

OF

THREE

VOLVMES:

VOLUME

I -

FIVE YgAR

PLAN;

VOLUME

II

-

NEEDS

AND

REQUIREMENTS;

'OLUME

i! -

STATE

OF

T14E

ART

STUDY,

VOLUME

!

CONTAINS

THREE

ALTEqNATIVE

COURSES

OF

ACTION

FOR

THE

TIME

PERIOD

FISCAL

YEARS

1967

-

1971,

ESTIMATES

OF

*ORKLO

D,

EOUIPMENT, PERSONNEL,

AND

COST5

ARE

C"VEN

TO

'ISCAL YEAR

1911

FO

EACH

OF

THE

ALTERNATIVES,

THE

VOLUME INCLUDES

SVSTEM

!MPROVEMENTi

WHICH

SHOULD

BE

MADE

REQARDLESS

OF

THE

ALTERNATIVE

CHOSEN

AND

THOSE

w"!CM

COULO

BE

POSSIBLE

FUTURE

DEVELCPMENTAL

EFFORTS

AT

DEFENSE

DOCUMENTATION

CENTER,

(U)

101

UNCLASSIFIED

/00329

U"

UNCLASSIFIED

DDC

REPORT

BIBLIOGRAPHY

SEARCH CONTROL

NO*

/003a

AD-467

171

S/Z

1/2

SYSTEM

DEVELOPMENT

CORP

rfALLS

CHURCH

VA

OFrENSE

OCUMENTATION

CENTER

FIVF

YEAR

PLAN STUDY.

VOLUME

11,

NEEDS

AND

REQUIREMENTS,

(U)

DESCRIPTIVE

NOTE:

TECHNICAL

MEMO,

AUG

E46

3

7?

REPT,

NO,

TM-WD-24/000/O0

UNCLASSIFIEiD

REPORT

S,

.PPLEMENTARY

NOTE:

SEE

ALSO

VOLUME

1,

AD-667

170,

DESCRIPTORS:

(*DOCUMENTATI

ON,

STATE-CF-THE-AR-

REVIEWS),

(*DATA

PROCESSING

SYSTEMS,

DOCUMENTATION),

INFORMATION

RETRIEVAL,

DEPARTMENT

OF

DEFENSE,

MANAGEMENT

PLANNING,

TECHNICAL INFORMATION

CENTERS, DIGITAL

COMPUTERS,

COMPUTER

OPERATORS, COMPUTER

PROGRAMS,

PROCESSING,

AUTOr,

ATI-q,

REAL TIME,

FLO*

CHARTING,

BIBLIOGRAPHIES

(U)

iDENTIrTERS: DEFENSE

DOCUMENTATION

CENTER,

ANNOUNCEMENT BULLETINS,

UNIVAC

1307

COMPUTERS

(U)

THIS

VOLUME

CONTAINS

DESCRIPTIONS

O

CURRENT

OPERATIONS

OF

THE

DOCUMENT

SYSTEM.

THE

MANAG7MENT

INFORMATION

SYSTEMS

AND

THE

AUTOMATIC

DATA

PROCESSING

!ADP)

SYSTEM,

AN

ASSESSMENT

OF

THE

ADP

SYSTEM

IS

INCLUDED,

CURRENT

REGUIREMENTS

ARE

DELINEATED

IN

THE

FORM

OF

EXISTING DIRECTIVES

AND

WORKING

AGREEMENTS,

FUTURE

REQUIREMENTS

ARE

STATED

AS

POSSIBLE

ALTERNATIVE

MISSIONS

THAT

COULD

OE

UNDERTAKEN

BY

DDC

IN

THE

NEXT FIVE

YEARS,

Ck;RRENT

NEEDS

ARE

POSTULATED

AS

THOSE NEEDS

WHICH

SHOULD

BE

MET

IN

THE

FIRST

TWO

OR

THREE

YEARS

TO

INCREASE

THE

EFFECTIVENESS

OF

THE

OPERATIONS

AT

DOC,

FUTURE NEEDS

CONTAINS

SIMILAR

NEEDS

FOR

IMPROV!MENTS

AND

DEVELOPMENTS

IN

THE

THREE-TO-FiVE

YEAR

PERIOD,

(AUTHOR)

102

UNCLASSZFIEr

/00329

UNCLASSIrIED

DDC

REPORT

BI1LIOGRAFHY

SEARCH

CONTROL

NO,

/00329

AC-667

1

72

512

9/2

SYSTEM

DEVELOPMENT

C-RP

FALLS

CHURCH

VA

DEFENSE

DOCUMENTATION

CENTER

FiV

YEAR

PLAN STUDY,

VOLUME

II1,

STATE

OF

THE

AOT

STUDY,

(U)

DESCRIPTIVE

NOTE:

TECHNICAL

MEMO

AUG

66

J164P

REPT,

NO,

TM-*D-260/O03/OO

UNCLASSIFIED

REPORT

'ESCRIPTORS:

(*DOCUMENTATION, STATE-OF-THE-ART

REVIEWS).

(ODATA

PROCESSING

SYSTE[

S,

DOCUMENTATION), INFORMATION RETRIEVAL,

DEPARTMENT

OF

DEFENSE,

MANAGEMENT

PLANNING,

TECHNICAL INFORMATION

CENTERS,

DIGITAL

COMPUTERS,

PROGRAMMING

LANGUAGES, COMPUTER

STORAGE DEVICES,

PUNCHED

CARDS,

CATHODE

RAY

TUBES,

MULTIPLE

OPERATION,

TIME

SHARING,

COMPILERS

CU)

IDENTIFIERS: DEFENSE

DOCUMENTATION

CENTER,

MULTIPROCESSING,

rORTRAN,

COBOL,

PL/2

PROGRAMMING

LANGUAGES, INrORMATION

MANAGEMENT

(U)

THIS

VOLUME

CONTAINS

MATERIALS

WHICH

ARE

INTENDED

TO

PROVIDE

AID

TO

DEFENSE

DOCUMENTAT

I

CENTER

IDDC)

IN

ITS

EVALUATION, SELECTION

AND

LTILTZA'

N

OF

COMPUTER HARDWARE

AND

SOFTWARE,

SECTICN

8

DEPICTS

THE

MOST

LIKELY

DEVELOPMENT

OF

COMPUTER

HARDWARE

IN

ITS

ORGANIZATION, CAPABILITIES,

AND

APPLICATION

DURING

THE

YEARS,

SFCT!ON

C

ANALYZES ASPECTS

OF

COMPUTER SOFTWARE

OF

CONr-qN

TO

DDC,

(

103

UNCLASSIFIED

/00329

y.

UNCLASSIFIED

DDC

REPORT

8BL

IOGRAPMY

SEARCH

CONTROL

NO,

/00329

AD-667

173

3/1

/?

SYSTEM

DEVELOPMENT

CORP

FALLS

CHURCH

VA

)FrENSE

OOCUMENTATON

CENTER

IVE

YAR

PLAN

STUDY:

APPENDIX,

(U)

A;SCRIPTIVr

NOTE:

TECHNICAL

MEMO.,

SEP

&6

16t

*ATSON,R,

;

REPT,

NO,

m-WD-268/004/00

UNCLASS:F

ED

REPORT

FSCRjr_

RS:

(DOCUMENTATION,

oSTATE-O

-rTHT

ART

fEVIWSI ,

(*DATA

PROCESSING

SYSTEMS,

DOCUMENTATION),

INFORMATION RETRIEVAL,

DEPARtMENT

OF

DEFENSE, DIGITAL

COMPUTERS,

COMPU

T

ER

PERSONNEL,

PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES,

TECHNICAL

INFORMATON

CENTERS,

SUBROUTINES,

TIME

SHAMING,

MAGNETIC

TAPE,

PRINTING,

MICROFILM,

CLASSIFICATION,

STATISTICAL

DATA

(U)

1DENTIFIEP

S

DEFENSE

DOCUMENTATION

CENTER,

THESAURi

,

ON-LINE SYSTEMS

(U)

THIS

APPENDIX

CONTAINS

RECOMMENDATIONS

FOR

COMPUTER

IN

THE

YEARS,

MANY

OF

THE

DEVELOPMENTS

ARE

LISTED

IR

IMPLIED

UNDER

FUNCTIONAL

HEADINGS

IN

OTHER

SECTIONS

OF

TH0E

REPORT,

FOR

THE

SAKE

OF

CLARITY

THE ARE

LISTED

HERE

IN

A

SINGLE

SECTION,

SOME

OF

THESE

DEVELOPMENTS

ARE

EXPECTED

TO

EX7END BEYOND

THE

FIVE

YEAR

PERIOD,

(U)

UNCLASSIFIED

/00329

TIME

SHARING

UNCL

ASSIFIED

DDC

REPORT

BIBLIOGRAPHY

EARCA-i

CONTROL

NO,

/00330

AD-643

CB

MASFACHUSETTS

INST

OF

TECH

CAMBRIDGE

COMPUTATION

PRnJEC-

MAC,

(U)

0ESC0ij'

'IvE

NOTE:

ANNUAL

PROGRESS

REPT.

NO,

I

FOR

PERIOD

EN

ING

jUL

64.

JUL

6

!71P

REPT,

NO,

MAC-PR-1

CONTRACTI

NON

%40Z2Q

P*4jO'

NRO48

189

UNC.ASSFIEO

REPORT

SUPPLEMENTARY

NOTE:

DESCRIPTORS:

(*ENGINEEmING

PERSOrNEL,

COMPUTERS),

t

SCJENTIF'IC

PERSONNEL,

CO"PL.TERS

,

10DIGITAL

COM

UT

ERS,

DATA

PROCESSING

SYSTEMS)$

EDUCATION, SCIENTIFIC

RESEARCM,

ENGINEERING,

CIVIL

ENGINEERING, ELECTRONICS LABORATORIES,

SOCIAL

SCIENCES,

M&NAGEMENT ENGINEERINC,

PRCGRAMMING(COMPuT[RS),

DOCUMENTAT

ION,

ARTIF

ICIAL

INTELLIGENCE,

CYBERNETICS,

OPTIMIZATION.

TIME

(U)

IDENTIFIERS:

MAC

PROJECT

imULTIPLE-ACCESS-

COMPUTER SYSTEMS)

(U)

THE

BROAD

GOAL.

O'

PROJECT

MAC

IS

EXPERIMENTAL

INVESTIGATION

OF

NEN

*AYS

IN

*HICM

DIRECT

LINKS

TO

ON-LINE

COMPUTERS

CAN

AID

PEOPLE

IN

THEIR

INDIVIDUAL

WORK

RHETMER

RES[ARCH, ENGINEERING

DESIGN,

MANAGEMENT,

OP

EZD

CAT

ION.

(AUTHOR)

(uP

1

N

l

r/

UNCLASSIFIED

/00330

UNCLASS

Ir

IED

DOC

REPOR

T

SIP,,I

OGRAPHY

SEARCH

CONTROL

NO,

/OC

30

AD-608

502

MASSACHUSETTS

INST

Or

TEC"

CAMBRIDGE

THF

M. , T. C

NICAL

INFORMATION PROjECT,

I

,

SS

I

EP-

DESCRIPTION,

(U

.O~v

b'

250

KESSLER,M,

M

CONTRACT:

NONR4102

O

UNCLASSIFIED

REPORT

SUPPLEMENTARY

40TE.'

DESCRIPTORS:

40DATA

STORAGE

SYSTEMS,

PROGRAMMINj

(COMPUERS)),

(#INFORMATION

RETRIEVAL,

TELETYPE

SYSTEMS),

(*PHYSICS,

DATA

STORAGE SYSTEMS),

MODES

(SIMULATIONS).

PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES,

COMPUTERS,

MONITORS,

MAGNETI"

TAPES,

PERIODICALS,

STATISTICAL

ANALYS

IS

(I

S

IDENTIFIERS:

SHARE,

TIME-SMARING

PROGRAMMING

SYSTEMS.

MAC

PROJECT

A

*ORKING

MODEL

OF

A

TrCHNICAL

INFORMATIO1'

SYSTEM

*AS

DESIGNED

AND

CONSTRUCTED,

THE

*ORKIN,

LITERAVTURE

WAS

TAKEN

rROM

T*ENTY.ONE .OWONALS

IN

, 4E

FIELD

OP

*HYSICS.

THE

SYSTEM

UTILIZE'

REMOTE

CONSOLES

TO

ACCESS

A

TIME

S

AR

ING

COM'U

T

ER

FACILITY

tPROJECT

MAC),

PROGRA"S

WERE

DEVELOPED

FOR

A

LARGE

VARIETY

OF

SEARCH

AND

PROCESSING

TECHNIQUES

IN

REAL

TIME

AS

NELL

AS

FOR

DELAYED

OUTPUT,

Tw E

SYSTEM

IS

IN T

ENDED

TO BE

A

PROTOTYPE

OPERATING

IN

A

REALISTIC

TEST

ENVIRONMENT,

A T

OR)

(ul

UNCLASSI

IED

OOL3

JNCLASSIrIED

DOC

REPoRT

M18L.IOGRAP

y

SEARC"

CONTROL

NO,

/Ou33C

AD-6C9

28a

MAS',ACIUSETTS

INST

Of

TECH

CAM

RIoCGF

A

NE*

METHODCL'Gy

Fro

COMPUUR

SIMULATION,

6-

30P

GPEfN3ER6Eo,MA

TIN

REPT,

NO.

MAC-TR-

)

CONTRACT: NONR4dC

20

PROj:

NRO48

189

UNCL.ASSi:FIED

QFPOR'

SUPPLEMENTARY

NOTE:

REPT,

ON

PRO

,,

MAC

PRESENTED

AT

THE

CONFERLNCE

ON

COMPUTER

METHOOS

IN

TME

ANALYSIS

OF

LARGE-SCALE

SOC;AL

5YSTEMS,

SPONSCRED

By THE

JOINT

CENTER

FOR

LRBAN

STUDIES

0

THE

MASSACHUSETTS

!NST,

OF

TECM,

AND

HARVARD

.

NIv,

CAMBRIDGE,

MASS,

, 19-

OCT

a4,

SEE

ALSO

AD-604

bel

,

DESCRIPTORS:

.*CCNP

TERS,

SIMULATION',

SPECIAL

PURPOSE

COMPUTERS, OPERATICN

,,

ESEARf",

DATA

PROC

rSING

SYSTEMS,

SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH

i

IDENT!F!ERS:

MAC

PROJECT,

OP-2,

TiME-S

ARING

PROGRAMMING

SYSTEMS, CN-LINE SYSTEMS

(L

COMPUTER SIMULATICN

IS A

C^OPERATIvE

VENTuRE

BETOEEN RESEARCHEq

AND

I1NF-IMATION

PROCESSOR,

8.1

THE

CcESsOR's

%cLE

CUSTOMARILY

BEGINS

TOC

LATf,

THE

RESEARCk[Q

CAN

BENEF!T

SLSSTANTIALIY

BY

BRINGING

THE

COMPUTER

%jP

INTO

THE

EARL

ER,

CREAT

!,E

PHASES Cr

THE

SIMULATION

PROCESS.

AN

ON-LINE COMPjTER

SVS

'-A"

MAKES

ToIS

POSSIM..E

IS

:

SCRIBEC,

T E

OPS

SvSTEM

IS

OPEN-NOE

AND

MOODJLAR

IN

A

VECR

FNOAmENTAL

SENSE,

TOE

JSER

CAN

ADO

1IS

CON

PART5 ,vER A

PERIOD

OF

DAYS

OR

MONTMS

AS

"f

INCRE.SES

HIS

UNDERSTANDING

OF

HIS

"40RE

i, i-tE

OPS

SYSTEM

IS

RELATIVELY

FREE

Of

RULES

AND

FORMATS,

THE

USER

(REATES

HIS

CAN

LANGUAC

AND

04IS

CON

CO'VINTIONS,

HE

HAS

IHE

,!?

EST

i-ATTIU.DE TO

EXPRESS

IS

PROBLEM

IN

ITS

NAT)RAL

TERMS

AND

TC BE

INVENTIvrE,

GRADLALLY

HIS

SYSTfm

TAKES

ON

AN

lNOIV

IDUAL

CHARA

CTER APPROPRI

ATE

TO

THM

PURPPSE

IT

IS

'Z

SErvE,

THE

USER

CAN

CREATE

HIS O*N

SYMBOLS

AND

H'S

C N

MAPPINO

OF

COMMON

STORAGE

SY

MEANS

OF

STANDARD

OPERATORS,

ME

CAN

ALSO

CREATE

NIS

ON 0

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AND ADD

THEM

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LIMIT

TC

THE

SFT

ur

STANDA4D

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SU

PL

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-

IM,

OPERA,',oRS

ARE

FUNCTIONAL

SlUS8ROlT!NES

PROGR

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LA

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COMPUTUY

CAN

CO"MP

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S,(.H

AS

VORTRAN

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MAI

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lAP,

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SYSTEM

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CORP

SANIA

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USER-ORIENTED

PRIORITY

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A

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SYSTEM,

(U)

JUN

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REFf,

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REPORT

SePLEMENTA~v

NOTE;

DESCRIP70RS:

(*PRQGRAMmING{COMPUTER

),

SCHEDULING),

(*COMWI'-ERS.

SCHEDULING),

AUTOMATIC

(u!

IDENTIFIERS:

TIME

SHANING(COMPUTERS),

ON-LINE

SYSTEMS

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SYSTEMS

HAVE

YIELDED

LARGE

PAYOFFS

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PRODUCTION

ST

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FAST

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INTERACTI'

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CORPORATIONS

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TIME-50-ARING

SYSTEMS

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FIND

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SATURATED

wITH

USERS, UNTIL

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IS

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BY

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OR

SOFTWARE CHANGES,

IT

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TO

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SYSTEM

THAT

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FACILITATE

WORK

ON

CRITICA'

PROJLCTS

AND

INSURE

THE

MEETING

'L

DEntPLINES,

THIS

PAPER

DISCUSSES

THE

CRITERIA

FOR

A

TIME-SHARING

PRIORITY

SCHEME

AND

PRESENTS

SOME

TECHNIOUES

FOR

SUPEhIMPOSING

A

PRIORITY

'CIIEME

UPON

A

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TIMESHARING

CONFIGURATION.

THE

SCHEME

HAS

THNEE

PRIMAPY

PRIORITIES:

HIGH,

LOW,

AND

NO,

Ut

RS

ARE

ALLOCATED

BUDGETS

OF

HIGH

AND

LOW

PRORITY

TIME FIR

THE

SUCCEEDING

M3NTH BASED

UPON

THER

CURRENT

FORECAST

AND

ALL

USERS

ARE

GIVEN

UNLIMITED

NO

PRIORITY

TIME.

THE

SALIENT

FEATURE

OF

THE

SCHEME

IS

THAT

THE

USERS

DETERMINE

WWEN

AND

AT

*HICH

PRIORITY

THEY

*ILL

OPERATE,

SOME

EXAMPLES

OF

THE

BUDGET

ALLOCATION

PROCESS

ARE

INCLUOEO.

(AUTHOR)

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NOTE:

DESCRIPTORS:

OPR9RAMMING(COMPILERS

,

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(*COMPUTE4S,

SCHEDULING,,

DATA,

ANALYSIS,

CLASSIFICATION,

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THE

USER ABOUT

THE

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Y O

DERIVED

INDICES

ANO

PERMITS

ADOPTION

OR

MODIFICATION

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THESE

FOR

FURTHER

ANALYSES,

THE

TIME-SHARING

CAPABILITY

OF

THE

PROI AS

PERMITS

EFFICIENT

USE

OF

THT

COMPUTER

IN

THIS

PROCESS,

lAUTHOR)

(U?

113

UNCLASSIFIED

/003O

UNCLA5SIFIED

D.-C

REPORT

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SEARCH

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NO,

/00330

AD-62a

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"EMO,,

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NO,

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CONTRACT:

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OPERATING

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(AUTHOR)

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/003-10

V

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NO,

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AD-624

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(U)

DESCRIPTIVE

NnTE

TECHNICAL

REPT.,

MAY

65

SOP

WINETTJOEL M.

REPT,

NO,

TR-367

CONTRACT:

A;91(9t,-500

NONR-410201)

PROj:

AF-641L

MONITO

ESO

,

TRO-65-68

UNCLASSIFIED

REPORT

SUPPLEMENTARY

NCTE:

DESCRIPTORS:

(SPRQGRAMMING(COMPUTERS),

DOCUMENTATION),

COb

ATISILITY,

INFORMATION

PETRIEVAL,

DATA

STORAGE

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PPOGRAMMING

LANGUAGES,

COMPUTERS

(U)

IDENTIFIERS: ON-LINE

SYSTEMS,

TIME

SMARING{COMPUTERS1,COMIT

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LANGUAGE,

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MAC

$gO..CT

(U)

THE

DISSEMINATION

OF

INFORMATIuN

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CO

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PqOGRAMS

IS

HAMPERED

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CF

HE

LACK

OP

CONFORMITY

IN

DOCUMENTATION,

THE

DELAYS

INHERENT

IN

ANY

DISTRIBUTION

SYSTEM,

AND

THE

INABILITY

TO

SELECT

ONLY

DESIRED INFORMATION

*ITHOUT

BEING

FLOODED

WITH

INrORMAT:ON

WHICH

IS

NOT

0F

PRESENT

INTEREST,

AN

ON-LINE SYSTEM

FOR

STORING

AND

RETRIEVING

INFORMATION

ABOUT

THE

PROGRAMS ASSOCIATED

WIT4

THE

COMPATIBLE

TIME-SHARING

SYSTEM

(CTSS

HAS

BEEN

DEVELOPED

TO

BE

INCLUDED

AS

A

CTSS

COMMAND,

THIS

SYSTEM

WILL

HELP

TO

DOCUMENT

THE

SYSTEM

COMMANDS, SUPERVISOR

ENTRIES,

LIBRARY

SUBPROGRAMS,

AND

PUBLIC

P0ORAMS,

THESE

TYPES

OF

PR@GRAMS

HAVE BEEN

CHOSEN

SINCE

THERE

IS

AN

URGENT

NEED

FOR

HAVING

THIS

DOCUMENTATION

AVAILABLE

ON

DEMAND,

I.E.,

ON-LINE,

(AUTHOR?

4U)

1 15

UNCLASS

IF

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/0 330

UNCLASS

IF

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DOC

REPORT

BIBLIOGRAPHV

SEARCH

CONTPOL

NO.

/OO3O

AO'-625

728 9/2

3/

MASSACHUSETTS

INST

CF

TECH

CAMBRIDGE

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45

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MAC-TR-22

CONTRACT:

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PROj:

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UNCLASSIFIED

REPORT

SUPPLEMENTARY

NOTE:

REPT,

ON

PROJ,

MAC,

PRESENTED

AT

THE

NATIONAL

MEETING

OF

THE

OPERATIONS

SOCIETY

OF

AMERICA

(27TH),

BOSTON,

6

MAy

65.

DESCRIPTORS: (*COMPUTERS, SChEdULING

.

MATHEMATICAL

ANALYSIS,

REAL

TIME,

COSTS,

NONLINEAR SYSTEMS

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MAC

P1OJECT,

TIME

SNARING(COMPVTERS),ON-LINE

qYSTEMS, MULTIPLE

ACCESS

SYSTEM

(Ul

PRIORITY

DECISIONS

ARISE

WHENEVER

LIMITED

FACILITIE

MUS

T

BE

APPORTIONED

AMONC

COMPETIIVE

DEMANDS

FOR

SERVICE.

A

PRIORITY OPERATION

OF

CONTEMPORARY

INTEREST

IS

SCHEDULING

A

TIME-SHARED

COMPUTER

AMONG

ITS

CONCURRENT

USERS,

SFRVICE

REQUIREMENTS

ARE

NOT

KNOWN

IN

AavANCE

OF

EXECUTIO.,

TO

KEEP

RESPONSE

TIMES

SHORT

FOR

SMALL

REGUESTS,

SERVICE

INTERVALS

ARE

PARTITIONED

AND

SE

MENTS

ARE

SERVED

SFPARA

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IN

ROUND-ROBIN

FASHION,

A

MATHEMATICAL

ANALYSIS PINPOINTS

THE

TRADEOrF

BETWEE"

OVERHEAD

AND

DISCRIMINATION,

IMPLICIT

IN

THIS

PROCEDURE,

AND

ALLOWS

ALTERNATE

STRATEGIES

TO

OE

COSTED.

EXTENSIONS

OF

THE

SIMPLE

ROvND-ROBIN

PROCEDURE

ARE

SUGGESTED,

THE

O8JECTIVES

OF

TiuiE

SHARING

ARE

REVIEWED,

AND

iMPLICATIONS

ARE

DRAWN

FOP

THE

DESIGN

OF

FUTURE

PRIORITY

AND

PRICING

SYSTEMS,

SAUTHOR

UNCLASSIrIED

/

0330

UNCLASSIFIED

DOC

REPORT

SIBLIOGRAP4Y

SEARCH CONTROL

NO.

/00330

AD-629

494

9/a

MASSACHUSETTS

INST

C

TECH

CAMSRIOGE

PROJECT

MACI

PROGRESS

REPORT

It;

JULY

1964

TO

JULY

DESCRIPTIvE

NOTE:

ANNUAL

PROGRESS

REPTI

JUL

45

21Ip

REPT,

NO,

MAC-PR-2,

CONTRACT!

NONRP-410

(01)

PROJ'

NR-0-'1690,

UNCLASSIFIED

REPORT

SUPPLEMENTARY

NOTE:

DESCRIPTORSI

(*COMPUTERS,

MAN

*ACHINE

SYSTEMS,)

INFORMATION RETRIEVAL,

DATA

TRANSMISSION

SYSTEIS,

TEACHING MACHINES, ARTIFICIAL

INTELLTGENCE,

' t ME (Uf

:DENTIFIERS:

TIME

SHARINGICOMMUTERS).

LISPt

MAC

PROJECT,ON-LINE

SYSTEMS,

MULTIPLE

ACCESS

5YSTEM

(U)

THE

BROAD

GOAL

OF

PROJECT

MAC

IS

EXPLRqIMNTAL

INVESTiGATION

OF

NEW

#AYS

IN

AH!C-4

ON-LINE

USE

OF

COMPUTERS

CAN

AID

PEOPLE

IN

THEIR

INDtVIDUAL

CK

I

WHETHER RESEARCW,

ENGINEERING

DESIGN,

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OR

FDUCAT

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(AUTHOR)

(U)

117

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NONR-'4O2(01

UNcL.ASS!FIED

REP

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SQ*PL[mENTARv

NOTE:

DESCR

TORS:

(*COMPUTERS,

C "F A'

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REMOTE

CONTROL

SYSTEMS,

(D0M'ST(

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ACE

DEVj

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REAL

TIME,

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INTEGqATJD

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COSTS,

COMPUTER

LOGIC,

STORAGE

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TIME

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SYMBOLS,

ON-L:NE

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5

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MULTIPLE

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SHIFT

REGISTERS,

MAC

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AND

L

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CAPA8ILITIFS

FOR

USE

*ITH

TIME-SAPED

COMFUTEA

SYSTEMS,

A

SURVEY

OF

EXIST!NG

DEVIC

AN[C

CHARACYER GENERAT!ON

TECHNIQU.ES

*AS

CARR:FD

OLT,

A

DESIGN

APPROACH

WAS

CHOSEN

*

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ADVANTACK

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TEC

11NI

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t.,QD S

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A

FIVE-BY-SEvEN

DOT

MATRIX

RASTER

AND

A RFSISOR

ARRAv

'READ-ONLY'

CMARACTER

MEMORY

FON

? r

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PRINTABLt

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OF

TkE

REVISFD

PRO

SF:

ASCII

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DLT

mAT

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AND

A

RESISTOR

ARRAY

lE[

ORY

*I t

SELECT"!(

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OGIC

SENSE

AMPLIFIERS,

AND

A

SMIFT

REGISTER

OuTPUT

BUFFER.

AN

EXPERIMENIAL

CmARArL'L

GENERATOR

* t -

AN

F

IGHT-

*ORD

m!mORY

OAS

8.4LT,

LAR

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USING

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AND

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AS

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IT

15

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THE

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YIELD

A

CHARACTER

GENERATR

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7S

OF

LO-

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RIDE

USE

IN

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fAUTHOR,

Ii

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IVS

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-- A4

UNCLASS

'IE_

uOC

REPORT

BIBLIOGRAPHY

SEAKCH

CONTROL

NO,

/00330

AD-4AJ

674

/

5/7

1712

RAND

CORP

SANTA

MQNICA

CALIF

USE

OF

MULTIPLE

ON-LINE,

TIME-SHARED

COMPUTER

CONS06ti

IN

SIMULATION

AND

GAMING,

(U)

JUN

67

63P

NORTHROPG,

H, I

REPT,

NO,

P-J606

UNCLASIFIED

P"PORT

SUPPLEMENTARY

NOTE:

-PARED

FOR

PRESENTATION

AT

SYMPOSIUM

ON

NATIONAL

GAMING COUNCIL,

WASHINGTONI

0, C, 8-

JUN

IW&7,

DESCRIPTORSI

(ewAq

GAMES,

SIMULAYI0"),

(*DATA

PROCESSING

SYSTEMS,

oSiMULATION),

TImE

SHARING,

CONTROL SYSTEMS,

PgOGRAMMING(COMPUTEMS),

REAL TIME,

COMMUNICATION

SYSTEMS,

PROGRAMMING

LANGUAGES

(i)

IDENTIFIERS: ON-LINE

SYSTEMS,

JOSS

(U)

SOME

PRESENT-DAY

ON-LINE,

TIME-SHARED,

MULTIPLE-

CONSOLE

COMPUTER

SYSTEMS PROVIDE

FOR

USE

OF

A

COhMON

rILE

SYSTEM,

ONE

CO

.jOLE CAN

F!LE

A

04ESSAG!

(

IE.,

oINFORMATIQN')

WHICH

CAN

BE

RECA.

LED

BY

ANOTHER CONSOLE,

SY

PROGRAMMING

CONSOLES

TO

PERIODICALLY

INTERROGATE CERTAIN

FILES,

A

CRUDE,

OUT

HIGHLY

SERVICEABLE,

STORE-AND-FORWARD

LJMMUNICATION

SYSTEM

CAN

BE

CREPYED

AND

LARGE

NUMBERS

OF

ON-LINE,

TIME-SHARED

COMPUTt"

CONSOLES

CAN

11

USED

TO

ENTER,

R[CALL,

PROCESS,

AND

DISPLAY

INFORMATION

TYPICAL

OF

THAT

USED

IN

COMMAND

AND

CONTROL

SYSTEMS

AND

THE

PLAY

OF

GAMES,

THE

RAND

CORPORATION'S

JOSS

SYSTEM

PR-VIDES

THE

CAPABILITY DESCRIBED,

IN

ADDITION

TO

ITS

USE

FOR

THE

SQLUTION

Or

SCIENTIFIC

PROBLEMS,

;T

IS

PRESENTLY

BEING

EMPLOYED

TO

SIMULATE

IN

REAL

TIME

ELEMENTS

OF

AN

AUYOMATED

TACTICAL

A;R

CONTROL

SYSTEM

AND

IN

THE

PLAY

OF

TACTICAl.

GAMES

AND

GAMES

OF

GLO!AL

STRATEGY,

THE

SIMPLE,

EASY-TO-LEARN PROGRAMMING

LANGUAGE

MAKES

FEASISLE

CONSIDERABLE

EXPERIMENTATION

WITH

SCHEDULING ALGORITHMS, DECISION

RULES,

ETC,

THIS

PAPER

DESCRIBES

THE

BASIC

FEATURES

OF

THE

USE

OF

MULTIPLE

JOSS

CONSOLES

IN

SIMULATION

AND

GAMING

AND

DISCUSSES

SOME

O

THE

ADVANTAGES,

LIMITATIONS,

AND

LESSONS

LEARNED

TO

DATE,

(AUTHOR)

(U)

UNCLASSIFIED

/00330

UNCLASSIFIED

DC

REPORT

SIRLIOCRAPHY

SEARCH CONTROL

NO,

/00330

AD-657

04

9)2

!2/1

STATE

UNIV

Or

NE*

YORK

STONY

BROOK

DISCREET SYSTEMS

AND

DIGITAL

COMPUTER CONTROL.

(U)

47

9P

CHANGSHELDMN

S. L, I

CONTRACT:

AF-AFOSR-542-67

MONITOR:

AFOSR

6--18a3

UNCLASSIFILD

REPORT

AVAILADILITY:

PUBLISHED

IN

APPLIED

MECHANICS

REVIEWS

V20

N5

P429-37

MAY

1467,

DESCRIPTORSI (@CONTROL

SYSTEMS,

*DIGITAL

COMPU

T

ERS),

SAMPLING,

T!ME

SHARING,

ERRORS,

LINEAR

SYSTEMS,

FEEDBACK,

INTEGRAL

TRANSFORMS,

RANDOM

VARIABLES,

OPTIMIZATION.

NONLINEAR

SYSTEMS,

ADAPTIVE

SYSTEMS

(U)

IDENTIFIEPS? ON-LINE

SYSTEMS

(U)

THE

CIITAL

COMPUTER

GREATLY

MULflPLIES

THE

ADAPTIVE

AND

LEARN;NG

CAPAtILITIES

9F

CONTROL

SYSTEMS.

WITH

THE

RAPID

DEVELOPMENT

OF

HIGH

SPEED

COMPUTERS,

THE

DA'

SOON

MAY

COME

THAT

ANY

ENGINEERING

PROCEDURE

OF

MEASUREMENT

AND

DESIGN

WICH

CAN

BE

WRITTEN

INTO

AN

ALGORITHM

CAN

BE

USED

AS

PART

OF

AN

ON-LINE

ADAPTIVE

OR

LEARNING

SYSTEM,

IN

SUCH

A

SYSTEM,

THE

CONTROL

LAW

IS

ALWAY;

THE

BEST

*!THIN

LIMITS

OF

ENGINEERING

KNOW-HOW

AND

THZ

LIM!TSD

ON-

LINE

AS

WELL

A3

PRIOR-TEST

KNOWLEDGI

ABOUT

THE

SYSTEM,

A

BASIC

LIMITAT

ON

IS

THAT

IN

WRITING

THE

ALGORITHM,

THE

ENGINEER

HAS

To

FORESEE

ALL

POSSIBLE

DEVELOPMENTS,

AND

SPECIFIES

THE

IMMEDIATE

AS

WELL

A5

LEARNING

RESPONSE,

(U)

124

;NCLASSIFIED

/00330

UNCLASSIFIED

DOC

REPORT

SI5LIOGRAPY

SEARZ

CONTROL

NO,

/00330

AD-6S7

781

9/1

CARNEGIE

INT

OF

TECH

PITTBuLRGH

PA

DEPT

OF

COMPUTER

SC

IENCEE

BULK

CORE

IN

A

36Q/67

TJME-SHARINr

SYSTEM,

(U)

67

34!r

LAUERIXUGH

C, I

CONTRACT:

ScD-I'

PRIqO

AF-9716

MONITOR9

AFO!R

6?-|968

UNC6ASSIFtED

RZFORT

DESCRIPTORS:

(OCOMPUTER

STORAGE

DEVICES,

*TIME

SHARING),

MA6NETIC

CORE

STORAGE,

MODELS(SIMULATIONS),

STOCHASTIC PROCESSES,

RANDOM

VARIABLES,

QATHEMATICAL

ANALYSIS

(U?

IDENTIF3eCit

ON-LINE SYSTEMS,

MAGNETIC

DRUM

STORA5E

qU)

IN

TIME-SHARING

SVI

EMS

PHERE

PROGRAMS

AND DATA

MOVE

FREQUENTLY

BETWEEN

STORAGE

MEDIA.

PERFORMANCE

MEASURED

IN

TERMS

OF

RESPONSE

TIME,

AVAILABILITY,

CAPACITY,

AND

GEN;RALITY DEPENDS

ON

THE

ABILITY

O

THE

SYSTEM

TO

MOV;

INFORMATION

QUICKLY

AND

PROMPTLY

UPON

DEMAND,

ANALYSIS

OF

AND

EARLY

EXPERIENCES

wITH

TSS/360

REVEAL

THAT

A

L-:r %

YT

CANNOT

MEET

THE

DEMANDS

IMPOSED

BY

USER

TASKS,

CONSEQUENTLY, CARNEGIE

INSTITUTE

OF

TECHNOLOGY

HAS

REPLACED

THE

DRUM

ON

!TS

360/7

WITH

LARGE

CAPACITY

CORE

STORAGE,

A

M1DEL

OF

THE

DRUM

SYSTEM

WAS

CONSTRUCTED,

AND

IT

WAS

DISCOVERED

THAT

IT

COULD

NOT

SUPPORT

ITS

MAXIMUM

PAGING

RATE EXCEP

T

UNDER

CONDITIONS

WHICH

IMPOSE

HIGH

SYSTEM

COSTS,

IT

WAS

ALSO

FOUND

THAT

BECAUSE

OF

ITS

ROTATING

NATUVE,

IT

ACTUALLY

WITHDRAWS

SigNIFICANT PORTIONS

OF

MEMORY

FROM

THE

USABLE

MAIN

MEMORY

Of

THE

SYSTEM,

BULK

CORE,

WHEN

OPERATED

4[TH

A

SIMPLE

CORE-TO-CORE

CHANNEL,

HAS

NEITHER

OF

THESE

VAULTS,

IT

PROVIDES

THE

ADDED

ADVANTAGE

THAT

NOT

ALL

PAGES

NEED

BE

SWAP*ED--THOSE

WHICH

ARE

NOT

HEAVILY

USED

MAY

fE

REFERENCD

DIRECTLY

BY

THE

CP,

BY

OPERATING SELECTIVELY

IN

BOTH

MODES

WE

EXPECT

NEARLY

AN

ORDER

Of

MAGNITUDE

BETTER

PERFORMANCE

THAN

IS

POSSIBLE

WITH

DRUM,

(AUTHOR)

(U)

1U

5

UNCLASSIFIED

/0033O

3"

UNCLASS

I

IED

DDC

REPORT

BSiLVCGRAPHY

SEARCH

CONTROL

NOt

/OJ30

AO-4s

783

1/2

17/2

CARNLGIE

INST

OF

TEC4

PITTSBURGH

PA

DEPT

OF

COMPUTER

SC!

ENCE

TO*ARD

ECONOMICAL

REMOTE

COMPUTER

ACCESS,

(U)

JVL

67

IP

GOLD,MitAEL

M,

SELW'*NLEE

L,

CONTRACT!

SD-I144

NONR-MIO2(OI)

11RC:

4

AF-9718

MONITOR: AFOSR

67-2OS

UNCLASSIFIED

REPORT

DESCRIPTORS:

(eCOMPUIERS,

*REMOTE CONTROL

SYSTEMS),

f*TIME

SHARING,

ECONOMICS),

(OCOMMUNICI-TION

SYSTEMS,

TIME

SHARING), COSTS,

TLL

'Pt

SYSTEMS,

TELEPHONE

COMMUNICATION

SYSTEMS,

EFFICIENCY

(U)

IDENTIFIERS: ON-LINE SYSTEMS

THE

COMMUNICATIONS

SERVICES

AVAILABLE

TO

A

USER

REMOTELY

ACCESSING

A

TIME-SmAJED

COMPUTLR

SYSTEM

ARE

CONSIDERED

IN

LIGHT

OF

THE

REQUIREMENTS

OF

SUCH

USAGE,

WHILE

TIME-SHARED

SYSTEMS

ARE

DESI-NED

TO

PROVIDE

THE

COMPUTER

USER W!TH

THE

OPPORTUNITY

TO

WORK

AT

HIS

MOST

ADVANTAGEOUS

SPEED

AND

INTERACT

WITH

THE

COMPUTER

AT

HIS

CONVENIENCE,

AVAILABLE

COMMUNICATIONS

SERVICE7

HAVE

NOT

AS

YET

BEEN

DESIGNED

FOR

EFFICIENT

AND

ECONOMIC

TIME-SHARING

COMPUTER

USAGE,

A

PLAN

IS

SUGGESTED

WHICH

WOULD

SHARE

COMMUNICATION

FACILITIES

AMONG

MANY

USERS1

EACH

USER

ACCESSING

THE

FACILITY

FOR

BRIEF

PEWIODS

OF

TIME,

ALTHOUGH

PRESENT

TECHNOLOGY

WOULD

ALLOW

A

GROUP

OF

USERS

TO

CONSTRUCT

A

SHARED-CARRIER

O

.RATION

BY

LEASING

CONVENTIONmL CIRCUITS

FROM

THE

COMMON

CArRIERS,

IT

IS

SUGGESTED

THAT

THE

COMMON

CARRIERS

OFFER

A

SHARING

SERVICE,

CHARGING

FOR

COMMUNICATIONS

BY

THE

AMOUNT

Of

INFORMAT'ON

TRANSMITTED

RATHER

THAN

THE

TIME

THE

CIRCUIT

IS

OPEN,

UNLESS

SUCH

A

SYSTEM

IS

IMPLEMENTED,

THE

FULl

ECONOMIC

ADVANTAGES

OF

TIME-

SHARING

CANNOT

BE

ATTAINED,

(AUTHOR)

IU)

126

UNCLASSIFIED

/00330

UNCLA!

SI1

ED

DDC

REPORT

BIBLIOGRAPHY

CEARCH

CONTROL

NO'.

/00330

AD-'45S8

477

9/2

SYSTEM

DEVELOPMENT

CORP

SANTA MONICA

CALIF

THE SDC

TIME-SHARING

SYSTEM

REVISITED,

(U)

DESCRIPTIVE

NOTEI

PROFESSIONAL

PAPER,

AUG

47

30P

SCHWARi

,JUL

S F, I

WEISSMANCLARK

I

REPT,

NO,

SP-1876

UNCLASSIFIED

REPOR

T

SUPPLEMENTARY

NOTE:

PRESENTED

AT

THE

1947

NATIONAL

ACM

CONFERCNCE, WASHINGTON,

g,

C,,

ag-31

AUGUST

DESCRIPTORSI

(*TINE

SHARING,

REVIEWS),

(ODATA

PROCESSING

SYSTEMS,

7I-

.HARING;,

PREDICTIONS,

COMPUTER

STORAGE

DEVICES, INPUT-OUTPUT

DEVICES,

PROGRAMMING

LANGUAGES, MANAGEMCNT PLANNING,

COSTS,

FLOW

CHARTING,

MAGNETIC

CORE

STORAGE,

EFFICIENCY,

MAINTENANCE

kU)

IDENTIFIERSI

ON-LINE SYSTEMS,

LISP,

LIST

PROCESSING

(U)

THE

50C

TIME-SHARING

SYSTEM

JTS$),

WHICH

OPERATES

ON

AN

IBM

AN/PSO-3a

COMPUTER

AT

SYSTEM

DEVELOPMENT

CORPORATION,

SANTA

MONICA,

WAS

ORIOINALLv DESCRIBED

IN

A

PAPER

ENTITLED

*A

GENERAL-PURPOSE TIME-SHARING

SYSTEM,'

PUBLISHED

IN

1144,

TSS HAS

NOW

BEEN

IN

OPERATIONAL

USE FOR

FOUR YEARS,

SEA

'ING

A

LARGE

AND

VARIED

COMMUNITY

Of

OCA&

AND

REMOTE

USERS,

THIS

PAPER

DESCRIBES

THE

PRESENT

CA&AS:.ITIES

OF

TSS,

DISCUSSES

THE

CRITICAL

PROBLEMS

O

RESOURCE

MANAGEMieNT

(AND

T

WE

SOLUTIONS

TO

THOSE

PROBLEMS

EMPLOYE

d

IN

TSS),

AND

REVIEWS

THE

AUTHORS'

ORIGINAL

STATEMENTS

REGARDING

THE

ADVANTAGES

OF

TIME-SHARIN6

FOR

SUCH

IASKS

AS

ON-LINE

PROGRAMMING

AND

DEBUGGING,

THE

TECHNIOUES

FO

MANAGING

CPU

TIME,

STORAGE

MEDIA,

AND

USER/SYSTEM

I"TERACTION

ARE

DESCRIBED

IN

SOME

DETAIL,

AN

ATTEMPT

IS

MADE

TO

PO.NT

OUT

THE

WEAK

AS

WELL

AS

TWE

STRONG POINTS

OF

TSS,

AND

TO

INDICATE

SOME

OF

THE

EFFECTS

THAT

SYSTEMS

SUCH

AS

TSS

HAVE

HAD

UPON

COMPUTING TECHNOLOGY,

(AUTHOR)

(U)

127

UNCLASSIFIED

/00330

UNCLASSIFIED

DOC

REPORT

BIBLIOGRAPHY

SEARCH

CONTROL

NO,

/ooJ

O

AO-641

604

9/2

SYSTEM

DEVELOPMENT

CORP

SANTA

MONICA

CALIF

TRACE--mODEL

II

USER'S

GLIDE,

TIMESHARED

ROUTINES

FOR

ANALYSIS,

CLASSIFICATION

AND

EVALUATION,

(U)

DESCRIPTIVE

NOTE?

TECHNICAL

MEMO,,

OCT

67

igOP

ESADARICHARD

P, I

!'

REPT,

No.

TM-J*21iO03/O0

CONTRACT:

DAHCIS-67-C-07?

UNCLASSIFIED

REPORT

DESCM.PTORS; (eCOMPUTER

PROGRAMS,

INSTRUCTION

MANUALS),

(*TIME

SHAR;NG,

DATA

PAOCESSING

SYSTEMS),

PROGRAMMING

LANGUAGES,

SUBROUTINES,

PROBLEM

SOLVING,

MAN-MACHINE

SYSTEMS

(U)

IDENTIFIERS:

ON-LINE

SYSTEMS,

TRACE .OvIAL

(U)

THE

DOCUMENT

PRESENTS

A

USER'S

DESCRIPTION

OF THE

TRACE

SvSTEK, WHICH

PROVIDES

AN

ON-LINE

TECHNIUE

FOR

SCANNING

DATA

AND

DERIVING

VARIABLES,

IT

IS

DIVIDED

INTO

TWO

MAIN

SECTIONS:

THE

FIRST

A

TUTORIAL

GUIDE

IN T

RODCING

THE

USER

TO

THE

BA-C

PRINCIPLES

Oir

THE

SYSTEM,

AND THE

SECOND

A

RL

CRENCE

GUIDE

TO

THE

ENTIRE

SODY

Or

THE

TRACE

PROGRAM,

THE

USER

IS

SHOwN

HOW

10

INITIATE

AN

INTERACTION

WITH

'HE

TIME-SHARING

4YSTEm,

HOW

TO

EMPLOY

EVERY

CAPABILITY

OF

TRACE,

WHAT

ERRORS

MAY

BE

EXPECTED

IN

OPERATION,

AND

WHAT

STATISTICAL

PRODUCTS

MAY

SE

DERIVED

THROUH

USE

OF

THE

PROGRAM.

A

COMPLETE

INDEX

ALLOWS

THE

USEI

TO

REFER

READILY

TO

ANY

PORTION

OF

THE

Di

oUor.

T,

(AUHOR)

128

UNCLASSIFIED

/00330

UNCLAS

rIED

DOC

REPORT

BIBLIOGRAPHY

SEARCi CONvPOL

NO,

/00330

AD-461

445

!12

SYSTEM

r,-VELOPMENy

COOP

SANTA

MONICA

CALIF

TIME-SAARING

VERSVS BATCH

"ROCESSIN;

THE

rWPERIMENTAL

EVIDENCE,

(UL

OESC'I

w

IVE

NOTEI

PROFESSIONAL

PAPER,

OCT

67

43P

SACKMAN,H,

I

REPT,

NO,

SP-i973

UNCiASSIFIEO

REPORT

DESCRVlORSI

teTIpgE

SHARING,

PERFORMANC[(ENG4NEgR4NG)),

OATA

PROCESSING

SYSTEMS,

mAN-MACMINE

SYSTEMS,

EFFICIENCY,

COST

CFFCCTIVENESS, MOTIVATION,

REVIEWS

(J)

IDENTIFIERSI

ON-LINE SYSTEMS,

OFF-LINE

SYSTEMS,

6ATCH

PROCESSING, VALUATIO(

THE

CcNTINUjNG CON';OVERSY

OVER

THE

RELATIVE

MERITS

OF

TiIE-SH

iING

VqRSUS

BATCH

PROCESSING

HAS

TAKEM

A

NEW

AND

-IGNIFICANT

TURN

FROM

PREODSCJPLINARY

SPECULATIN

TO

APPLIED

SCIENTIFIC

EXPERIMENTATION.

WITHIN

THE

LAST

TWO

YEARS,

FIVE

EXPERIMENTAL

STUDIES

HAVE

APPEREO

IN

THE

LITERATUREt

EACH

COMPARING

SCmE

FORM

OF

ONLINE

AND

OFFLINE

DATA

PROCESSING

WITH

RfSPECT

TO

MAN-MACHINE

MEASURES

OF

SYSTEM

PERFORMANCt.

THESE FIVE

PIONEERING

STUDIES

COMPRISE

TE

FIh$l

SUBSTANTIVE

DATA

BASE

FOR

COMPARING

AND

EVA6UATING

EXPERIMENTAL METHODOLOGY

ANC.

FINDINGS BEARING

*N

THE

GROWING

AND

CHANGING

COMPETITION BETWEIN

TIME-SHARING

AND

BATCH

PROCESSING

SYSTEMS,

THIS

PAP(R

PROVIIES

A

CRITICAL REVIEW

OF

THESE FIVE

EXPERIMENTS,

SUMMARtZED

FIND

NGS,

PROBLEMS

AND

PITFALLS,

AND

OFFERS

RECOMM!NDATONS

FOR

FUTURE

EXPERIMtNTAL

WORK,

AUTHOR)

|U)

129

UNCLASSIFIED

10030

I; "

UNCLASSIFIED

DOC

REPORT

BIBLIOGRAPHY

SEARCH CONTROL

NO,

/0OJ30

AD-6&1

744

I/2

6/3

CALIFORNIA

UNIV

LOS

ANGELES

SRA

N

RESEARCH

INST

A

USER-ORIENTED

TIME-SHARED

ONLINE

SYS'EM,

(U)

DESCRIPTIVE

NOTE:

REvISED

ED,,

FEB

67

7P

BETYAR,LASILO

I

CONTRACT:

NONR-233(9i),

PHS-Nb-02530

-05

UNCLASSIFIED

REPORT

AVAILABILITY P.BLISHED

IN

COMMUNICATIONS

OF

THE

ACM

VIO

N?

P413-

19ib7.

SUPPLEMENTARY

NOTE!

REVISION

OF

MANUSCRIPT

RECEIVED

JUL

66.

RESEARCH SUPPORTED

IN

PART

SY

NAS',

GRANT

NSGSS.

DESCRIPTOKS:

(*TIME

SHARING,

DATA

PROCESSiNG

SYS

T

EMS),

IOC4GITAL

COMPUTERS,

*BIOLOGY),

ANALOG-TO-DIGITAL

CONVERTERS,

I

IPUT-OUTPUT

DEVICES,

PqOGRAMMING LANGUAGES,

MAN-MACNINE

SYSTEMS,

DATA

STORAGE

SYSTEMS

IDENTIFIERS:

LIST

PROCESSING,

ON-LINE SYSTEMS,

MULTIPROCESSING

(L)

AN

EXISTING

SYSTEM

AND

PLANNED

ADDITIO

t,}

RITHIN

THE

DATA

PROCESSING

LABORATORY

CF

THE

BRAIN

RESEARCH !NSTITUTE

AT

UCLA

IS

DESCRIBED,

THE

SYSTEM

REPRESENTS

AN

ATTEMPT

TO

PROvIDE RESEARCH

WORKERS

OF

THE

INSTITUTE

WITH

THE

ABILITY

TO

INTERACT

DIRECTLY

WITH

A

HIGHLY

SOPHISTICATED

DIGI

TAL

COMPUTING

C'MPLEX

IN

THE

MOST

DIRECT

AND

SIMPLE

FASHION

POSSIBLE,

IT

IS

ANTICI-ATED

THAT,

WITH

THE

ACCUMULATION

0

EXPERIENCE

uS!NG

THE

PRESENT SYSTEM,

S1GNIFICANT

ADVANCES

WILL

BE

POSSIBLE

IN

THE

SYSTEM

DESIGN THRnUGH

oETRM

INATION

Of

INTERFACE

PARAMETERS

BETWEEN

THE

BIOLOGIC

CIENTIST

AND THE

CICITA.

COMPUTER.

(AUTHOR.

(u)

UNCLASSIr:ED

/0033C

I

UNCLASSIFIED

DOC

REPORT

BIBLIOGRAPHY

SEARCH

CONTROL

NO.

/00330

AD-4MI

6S

912

SYSTEM

OEVELOPm[N

CORP SANTA

MCNICA

CALIF

TIME-SHARING

VERSqS

BATCH

PROCESSING:

THE

EXPERIMENTAL

fVADCNCE,

iU)

DESCRIPTIVE

NOTE!

DROFESSIONAL

PAPER,

OCT

67

43P

SACKMANH.

I

REPT,

NO,

SP-1975

UCLASSIF!EO

REPORT

DESCRIPTOSR1

(TInIN

S44RING,

PERFORMANCE(ENGINEIRING)

) ,

DATA

PROCESSING

SYSTEMS,

MAN-MACitmE

SYSTEMS,

EFFICIENCY,

COST

EFFECTIVENESS, MOTIVATION,

REVIEWS

lu)

]

IDENTIFIERS:

ON-LINE SYSTEMS,

OFF-LINE

SYSTEMS,

5A7CH

PROCESSING,

gVALUATJON

I )

THE

CONTINUING

CO4TROVERSY

0VEK

THE

RELATIVE

MZRITS

OF

TI.E-SHARING

VqRSUS

BATCH

PROCESSING

HAS

TAKEN

A

NCO

AND

SIGNIFICAN'

TURN

FROM

PREDISCIPLINAPY

SPECULATION

TO

APPLIED

SCIENTIFIC

EEPERIMENTATION,

WIT

'N

THE

LAST

TWO

YEARS,

FIVE

EXPERMIKENTAL

STUDIE-:

NAVE

APPEARE

,

IN

THE

LITAATURE,

EACH

COMFARING

3OME

FORM

OF

ONLIN-

AND

OrFLINE

DATA

PROCfSS:NG

WITH

RgSPECT

TO

MAN-MACHINE

MEASURES

OF

SfSTEM

PERFORMANCj,

THESE

rIVE

PIONEERING

STUDIES

COMPRISE

T'E

FIRSI

SUBSTANTIVE

DATA

BASE

FOR

COMPARING

AND

EVA6.'&

ING

EXPERIMENTAL METHODOLOGY

AND

FINDINGS

BEARING

ON

THE

GROWING

AND

CHANGING

COMPETITION

BETWE(N

TIME-SHARINC

AND

SATCH

PROCESS!,.Q

SYSTEMS,

THIS

PAP(R

PROVIDES

A

CRITICAL

REVIEW

OF

THESE

FIVE

EXPERIMENTS, SUMMARIZED

Fi;NC

IJ

GS,

PROSILEMS

AND

PITFALLS,

AND OFrERS

RECOMMENDATIONS

FCR

rUTURE

EXPERIMENTAL

QOR9,

(AUTHOR)

1U)

UNCLASSIFIED

/00)O

/

I~^D

PEPORT

BIBLIOGRAPHY

SERr

CONYROL

NO.

"0"J30

CAL.IFORtNIA

I)jNIV

LOS

ANGELES

AN4SACHIT

A

USER-ORIENTED

?Imt-SHAPED

ONLINE

SYSTEiM,

DESCIPTIVE

NOTE!

REVISED

ED,,

FEB

67

7P

SETYAR.%-ASZLO

CONTRACT:

NO,4q-233(

91l

0PHS-NB-0230I-05

QNCLASSIFIEZ~

REPORT

AVAILAILTY:

PUBLISHED

IN

COMMIUNCAT,

(NS

OF

Tor

ACM

VIO

N7

'41

i

967,

:SUPLEMENTARY

NOTE:

REV

15ION

OF

HANUSCR

IPT

RECE'VE-)

)UL

66,

RfSEARCH

SvPPORytJ

IN

PART

BY

NASA,

GRANT

DESCRIPTORS:

tSoIM

:; RIG

DATA

XX;c

ISS;NG

SYSTE,'S),

(*DIGITAL

(C.MOoWTER5

ANALOG-TO-DIGITAL

CONVEMTERS,

N-' J

DEVICES,

PROGRAMMING

.ANGU.AGES,

MAN-MAC,4V1t.

SYSTE:MS.

DATA

STORAGE

SYSTEMS

U

IDENTIFIERS'.

LIST

PROCESSING.

)N-LINE

SYvSTEm'S,

MULTIPROCESSING

l

AN

EXIST,':G

SYSTEM

AND

PLANNED

ADDiTIONS

w'l-l

TH'E

DATA

PROESSING

LASCRATORY

OF

'THE

BRAIN

RESEARCH

!NSTITQTE

AT

UCLA

IS

cEsCRIMED,

TO-F

SySTEM

REP~RESENTS

$.N

ATTEMO',

TO

PROv

ID!

PEcEARC-

WORKER';OF

THE

INSTIT'-

"IT~t

'HE

ABILITY

To

INTERACT

DIRECTLY

WITH~

I S.

PHJS1ICATED

DIGITAL.

COMPUTV.NC

COPMPLFX

IN

THE

MC 5T

rOIRECI

AND

5!mP"._E

FASHMION

PCSSIBLE,

it

IS

ANTIC IPATElu

THAT

WIH H

ACCUMULAT:ON

OF

E.X

RIE-NCr

US!;ING

T.IC

FPtSFN

YT'

SIGNIFICANT

ADVANCES

*'L.

ISE

*SSiB=E

IN THE

rCYST~

DES

IGN

THRO

;G4

DETERm IN4

T

!ON

ciF

I

N

VRACE

PAR

AMETERS

gtrT*FN

fmE

8IOL.OG1C4L

SC

IEN'IS'

AND

THE

DIGITAL.

COMPLF1

(AUTHD0R

U

NC

L

A

5S

IV:D/

SUNCL ~I I ED

DOC

REPORT

BILIOGRAPIMY

SEARCH CONTROL

NO.

/00330

AD-661

eO7

9/2

J/9

MASSACHUSETTS

INST

OF

TECH

CAN3RIDGE

DEPT

OF

CIVIL

ENSINEERING

USE

OF

C7SS

IN

A

TEACHING ENVIRONMENTO

fUJ

NOV

0,4

3P

IOOSOANIEL

I

REP-P,

NO,

MAC-TR-Iq

CONIYCT!

NON-O4101(Ol

PROjI

NR-O48-109, RR-OO3-09-O

UNCLASSI|IE

D

REPORT

DESCRIPTORSI

(*TIDE

SHARING,

GTEACHING

MACHIN~q,

(*TEACHING

METHODS;

COMPUTERS),

RELIABILITY?

REAL TIME,

STUDENTI,

MOTIVATION,

INPUT-OUTF

oEVICtS,

PROGRAMMING(COMPUTEPS)

(U)

IDENTIF:ERSI

MAC

PRC4ECT, ON-LINE SYSTEMS,

&A'IH

PROCESSING,

COMPUTER-AIDED

INSTRUCTION,

COMPATIBLE

TIME-SHJRING

SYSfEM

(U)

COMPUTER

TIME-SHARING

CFFERS

MANY

INTERESTING

POSSIIL!TIES

FOR UiE

IN

TEACHING

COhPUTER

TECHNOLOGY.

IT

MIGHT

BE

EXPECTED

THAT

WITH

PR3PER

HARDWARE

AND

FOFTOARE,

STUDENTS

USING

TIME-SMARING

AS

A

TEACHING

MACHINE

COLD

ACQUIRE

PROFICIENCY

IN

),,E

FUNDAMENTALS

CF

PROGPAMMIN6

MORE

EASILY

THAN

USING

BATCH-PIGCESSING,

TC

TEST

THIS

HYPOTHESIS,

THE

MI,T,

DEPARTMENT

OF

CIVIL

ENGINEERING

DIVIDED

A

FRESHMAN

PROGRAMMING

CL

ASS,

SO

THAT

HALF

THE

STUDENTS

USED

BATCH-PROCrSSING

METHODS,

AND HALF

USED

THE

PROJECT

VAC

TIME-SHARING

'IYSYCM

TO

DO

THE

SAME WORK,

THE

PAPER

DESCRIBES

THE

EXPERIMENT

A'O

ITS

TENTATIVE

RESULTS,

(AU7HOR)

iU)

131

UNCLASSIFIED

/00330

I- 3

rI

UNCLASSIFIED

C

*MEPOAT

B!BLIC'RAP'4Y

SEARCH

eONTROL

NO,

/00330

AD'-&ba

0?7

I/

MASSACKSE"TS

!NST

0F

TEC

CAMSRIDG

A

LOW-COST

OUTPV?

TERMINAL

FOR

!IME-SHARCD

ECMPUTERS,

NO(U)C~1ALRP,

DECRIPTIER

NOELTENICL EP

MiAR

67

3!P

POSENSERGIRONALD

C,I

KENNEDYDANIEL

W,

lw

;PNREY,ROGER

At

REPT,

NO,

MAC-TR-38

CONTRACT:

NONR-410aioH"

PRoj

NR-O4iG-IS'

u~C,-ASSIFIED

REPORT

DEScRIPTORS!

(OTIME

SHARING,

INPUT-OUTPUT

DEVICES), i*REMOTE

CONTROL

Sve'EMSj

TIKE

SHARIN&

,

DIGITAL COMPUTERS,

PkEAL

TIME,

COMMUNICATION

SYSTEMS,

ANALO.A

SYSTEMS, DISPLAY

SYSTEMS,

DATA

STORAGE

SYSTEMS,

WIRING

DI

AGRAMS(U

IDENT~!ERSI

ON-LINE SYSTEMS

(U)

A

LOW COST

REMOTE

TERMINAL

WHICH

PROVIDES

Ou'P:JT

IN

SWfTCH

FCRM

FROM

A

TIME-SHARED

DIGITAL

COMPUTER

IS

DESCRIBE'l.

THE

TERMINAL

CONSISTS

OF

A

MODIFIED

MOOEL

33

KSR

TELETYPE

AND

A

LOCAL,

MEMORY

UNIT,

THE

UNIT

IS

INDEPENDENT

0F

THE

PARTICULAR

COMPUTER,

AND

IS

EASY

TO

TEST

AND

MAINTAIN,

THE

STATES

OF

THE

MEMORY

CONTROL

AND

MEMORY

WORDS

ARE

OBSERVABLE

DtRCC

T

LY

By

INDICATOR

LIGHTS,

AN

APPLICATION

OF

THE

MEMORY

TO

THE AQ~TOMAYIC

SET-UP

AND

CONTROL

OF

AN

ANALOG

COMPUTATION

ARE

DISPLAYED

ON

AN

OSCILLOSCOPE1

THIS

MAKES

POSSIBLE,

FOR

EXAMPLE,

THE

RAPID DI~eLAY

OF

TIME

RESPONSE

Of

LINEAR

SYSTEMS,

UNDER DIGITAL

PROGRAM

CONTROL,

(AUTHOR)

(j

13

2

UNCL

ASSIFI1ED

/00330

/

UNCLASSIFIED0

SDC

REPORT

91BLIOCRAPHY

SEARCH

CONTROL

NO.

/00330

AD-*6a

az.5

9,?

MiSSACHUSETTS

iNST

wr

TECH

CAMBRIDGE

INCREMENTAL

SIMULATION

ON

A

TIME-SHARED

COMPUTER.

(U)

DESCRIPTIVE

"OTZI

QCTORAL

THESIS,

67

353P

ONES,

,M ,

REPT,

NO,

MAC-

W-44

CONTRACT:

NONR-4|O1

(O )

PROJ:

MR-040-iBY, RR-003-09-O1

UNCLASS!FlE

O

REPORT

DESCflIPTORS:

10TIME

SHARING.

COMPUTERS),

!*SIMULATION,

COMPUTERS),

PROG'AMMING

LANOUAGES,

REAL TTNE,

THESEs,

DISPLAY SYSTEMS

(U)

IDENTIFIERS! ON-L!NE SYSTEMS,

LIST

PROCESSING

(U)

THE

THESIS

DESCRI$ES

A

SYSTEM

H!IC

ALLOWS

SIMULATION

MODELS

TO

BE

5

).T

AND

YESTED

INCREMENTALLY6

IT

IS

CALLED

OPS-N

AND

IS

SPECIFICALLY DESIGNED

TO

OPERATE

IN

THE

ENVIRONMENT

OF

THE

MULTICS SY$TEM,

1

REPRESENTS

A

MAJOR

EXPANSION

AND

IMP

VvEMENT

OF

THE

OPS-3

SYSTEM

IMPLEMENTED

IN

CTJ3

AN5

ALSO

INCLUDES

MANY

FEATURES

ADAPTED

FROM

OTHER

CURRENT

SIMULATION

SYSTEMS,

THE

PL/

LANGUAGE,

AU$MENTED

AY

MANY

ADDITIONAL

STATEMENTS

AND

NEW

DA7A

OBJECTS,

PROVIDES

THE

BASIS

FOR

DE-INING

MODE4S

'":

'

OS-

, A

!.1ST

OF

DESIRABLE

FEATURES

FOR

AN

INCREMENTAL

SIMULATION

SYSTEM

IS

PRESENTED

AND

IT

IS

SHOWN

HOW

OPS-4

INCORPORATES

THESE

FEATURES,

WHEREAS

OTHER

CUIREtiT

SIMULATION

SYSTEMS SATISFY

ONLY

SOME

OF

THEM

AND

ARE

NOT

SUITA3LE

FOR

VSE

IN

TIME-SHARED

ENVIRONMENT

A

SIMPLIFIED

MODEL

9F

PAGE

AND

SEGMENT

FAULT

HANDLING

IN

MULTICS

ILLUSTRATES

SOME

OF

THE

FEATURES

OPS-4

PROVlDE,

TO

ALLOW

THE

USER

TO

CONTINUOUSLY

INTERACT

WITH

A

MODEL

DURING

ITS

CONSTRUCTION,

TESTING

AND

RUNN!Ni

PHASES,

IT

ALSO

ILLUSTRATES

HOW

THE

USER

HIMSELF

MAY

PORTRAY

PORTIONS

Of

A

MODEL

THAT

ARE

NOT

YET

DEFINED,

(AUTHORI

(U)

133

UNCLASSIFIED

/00330

UNCLASSr!ED

DOC

REPORT

BIOLIOGRAPNY

SEARCH

CONTROL

NO,

/00330

AD-6

6

373

9/

JS/0

SYSTEM

DEVELOPMENT

CORP

SANTA

MONICA

CALIF

T!ME-SHARING

AND

SELF-TUTORING:

AN

EXPLORATORY

CASE

HISTORY

AND

AN

EXPERIMENTAL

CRITIOUE,

(U)

DESCRIPTIVE

NOTE:

PROFESSICNAL

PAPER,

NOV

67

3P

SACKMANHAROLD

REPT,

No,

SP-3000

UNCLASS

rIED

REPORT

DESCRIPTORS:

(VT3ME

SHARING,

PERrOR4ANCEEHUMAN;),

ERRORS,

ErrECTIVENESSO

BEHAVIOR,

LEA"NING,

FROCRAMHING

LANGUAGES,

PROGRAMMING(COMPUTERS1,

MAN-MACHINE

SYSTEMS,

TELETYPE

SYSTZMS

(U)

IDENTIFIERS!

COMPUTER LANGUAGE,

TINT

COMPUTER

LANG

,;GE,

ON-LINE

SYSTEMS

(U)

THE

STUDY

IS

CONCERNED

AITw

THE

EFFECTIVENESS

OF

INDIVIDUAL

USER

PERFORMANCE

FOR

AN

EXTENDED

SELF-

TUTORING

TASK

IN

A

TIME-SHARED

rAtlIlfITY,

7HI'

INVESTIGATION

!S

AN

EXPERIMENTAL

CASE

HISTORY

OF

ONE

INDIVIDUAL

(THE

AUTHOR)

FOLLOWING

THE

TINT

SELF-TUTORING

USER

MANUAL

FROM

BEGINNING

TO

END

IN

THE

SDC

0-32

TIME-SHARING

SYS!EM

AT

A

TELE

T

YPE

CONSOLE,

(TINT

IS

A

VSER-ORIENTED

DIALECT

OF

JOVIAL,

AND

INTERPRETIVF

LANG%;AGE

ADAPTED

TO

TIME-SHARING

WITH

MANY

SELF

TEACHING

FEATURES,)

THE

METHODOLO~v

EMPHASiZED

EXPERIMENTAL

MEASUREMENT

OF

NATURAL

USER

BEHAVIOR

IN

WHICH

THE

USER

SERVED

AS

HIS

OWN

CONTROL

IN

SUCCESSIVE

CONSOLE

SESSIONS,

THE

EXPERIMENTAL

SAMPLE

INCLUDED

1,861

USER

INPUT

COMMANDS

WITH

930

ERRONEOUS COMMANDS,

COLLECTED

OVER

10

HOURS

iAT

THE

TELETYPE TERm!NAL,

THE

QUANTITATIVE

RESULTS

REVEALED

SOME

EVIDENCE

FOR

SYSTEMATIC

LEARNING

AND

REINFORCEMFNT

EFFECTSI

THERE

WERE

PROGRESSIVE TENDENCIES

TOWARD

HIGHER

PRODUCTIVITY

AND

LOWER

ERRON

RATES

WITH

INCREASING

TINT

EXPERIENCE,

THE

QUALITATIVE

FIND

NGS

REVEALED

THAT

THE

NUMEROUS

AND

DIVERSIFIED

LXERCISES

FACILITATED

FAMIl..IARITY

WITH

THE

ELEMENTS

AND

THE

VARIED

SERVICES

OF

THE

TINT

SYSTEH,

THE

PAPER

CONCLUDES

WITH

A

CRITIQUE

OF

MORE

GENIINE INTERACTIvE

INVOLVEMENT BETWEEN

THE

USER,

HE

C

ENTRAL

SYSTEM,

AND

SELF-TuTORING

AIDS

FROM

AN

EXPERIMENTAL

VIEWPOINT,

4

AUTHOR)

(U)

4I0

UNCLASIFIED

/00330

/ U

NCLASSIF

IED

DOC

REPORT

'IS.IOGRAPNY

SEARCH

CONTROL

NO.

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NOTE:

RESEARCH SUPPORTED

IN

PART

BY

AIR

FORCK

SYSTES

COMMAND,

ORCPARED

IN

COOPERATION

WITN

A!T

AND

SvSyem

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SIATE-OFTHr-ART

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DATA

STOG"

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INPUT-OUTPUT

DEVICCSj

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REMOTE

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DIGITAL

COHPuTuiS,

REAL

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SCNEDULzNGO

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THE

FUNMAMENTALS

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DESCRIPTORS:

(*DATA

PROCESSING

SYSTEMS,

TIME

SMARJNC;

, (4IME

SHARING,

DIGITAL

COMPUTERS),

(OROGRA4

GfOMPUTERS),

MULTIPLE

OPERATJON

,

MAN-MACHINE

SYSTEMS, REMOTE

CONTROL

SYSTEMS,

DATA

SYORAGE

SYSTEMS,

TELFTYPE SYSTEMS

(U)

IDENTIFIFRS: QN-0INE

SYSTEMS,

MOUL?

I

PRO~RA~MM

IN

G (U

THE

TIMES#ARING

SYSTEM INVOLVING

MEMORY

RELABELINC,

COMMON

ROUTINES,

AND

DUPLEX

TELETYPE

OPERATION

HAS

NEEN

IN

OPERATION

SINCE

APRIL,

1I&,S

THE

SYSTEM

IS

NIGHLY

FLEXIBLE

AND

CAN

PROVIDE

A

RES02NSE

ItmE

OF

LESS

THAN

ONE

SECOND,

MEMORY

RELABEL.JN

49

ACCOMPLISHED

WITH

NO

INCREASE

IN

ACCESS

TI'E,

THE

NVJbER

OF

PROCESSOR

MODES

IS

SMALL

(TWO),

AND

moDE

TRANSITIONS

ARE

DONE

IN

5jCH

A

WAY

AS

Yo

CRADLE

INTERRUPT

AND

USER-CALLED

SYSTEM

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t

INDEPENDENT

OF

MODE,

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USER

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WELL

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INPUT/OLITPUT

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M0

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THE

USER

11

OIVTN

A

VARIETY

OF

OTHER

SERVICES

MANOING

FROM4

GENERALIZED

FILE-HANDLING CAPABILITY

TO

STRING

PROCESSING

TO

ASSEMBLERS, COMPLIERS,

DEBUCGERS,

AND

EDITORS. (AUTHOR)

fUl

136

UNCLASSFr

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GRAPHICS

UNCLASSIFIED

DDC

EPORT

BIBLIOGRAPHY

SEARCH CONTROL

NO,

/00331

AD-62S

101

IV2

/0

ADAMS

(CHARLES

*1

ASSOCIATES

INC

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MASS

RESEARCH

ON

ADVANCED

DYNAMIC

ATTRIR

TE

EYTRAt vION

TECHNIOUES,

(U)

DESCRIPTIVE

NOTE:

rZNAL

REPT,

APR

6a-MAY

6S,

JUL

&J

54P

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T,

,JR,

GREATOREXIPRANK

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AF'9(4a28)-43

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AF-SA32

TASK:

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,

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NOTEi

DESCRIPTORS: (*DISPLAY SYSTEMS,

COLORS),

(*MAN-

MACHINE

SYSTEMS,

SPECIAL

PURPOSE

COMPUTERS),

RAPHICS,

COMPUTER

STORAGE

DEVICES,

CARDIOGRAPHY,

ANALOG-TO-DIGITAL

CONVERTERS,

EARTH

MODELS,

PROGRAMMING(COMPUT(RS),

REAL

TIME

(U)

IDENTIFIERSI

FLOAtING-POINT

OPERATION,

POP-

COMPUTER,

rLIiT

COMPUTER PROGRAi,

ON-LINE SYSTEMS,

LIGHT

PENSCOMPUTER

WORDS,

FILE

STRUCTURES,

DIGIGRAPHIC

OISPLAYSYSTEMS

(U)

TWO

MAIN

AMEAS

OF

EFrOR

T

ARE

SCRIBED,

THE

FIRST

IS

THE

DEVELOPMENT

OF

A

COLOR

DISPLAY

SYSTEM

WHICH

ALLOWS

FOR

THE

DEFINITION

AND

MODIFICATION

OF

DATA

STORE

IN

A

LIST

STRUCTURE,

THE

SECONO

AREA

IS

THE

DEVELOPMENT

OF

A

mAN-GRAPHIC

COMMUNICATION

SYSTEM

WHICH

UTILIZES

A

BUFFFRED

DISPLAY

SCOPE,

LIGHT

PEN

AND

PUSW-OTTOM

PANEL

TO

PROVIDE

THE

CONSOLE

ViER

WITH

THE

OASIC

ARILITY

TO

DRAW

CHARTS,

DIAGRAMS,

CURVES,

ETC,,

ON

THE

FACE

OF

THE

DISPLAY

SCOPE,

THE

DRAWINGS

MAY

CONTAIN GRAPHIC

AND

ALPHANUMERIC INFO#MATION,

WHICH

IS

REDUCED

TO

A

CONDfNSED

DIGITAL FORMAT

CALLED

AN

ENTITY

TABLE,

THE

TABL,E

CAN

BE

*PERATED

ON

QY

SPECIAL.PURPOSE

SOFTPARE

OPERATORS

EITHER DURING

THE

DRAWING

ACTION

OR

AFTER

THE

DRAWING

IS

COMPLETED, (AUTHOR)

iU)

13

37

UNCLASSIFIED

/00331

/

L_ -

UNCLASSIFIED

DOC

REPORT

BIBLIOGRAPHY

SEARCH CONTROL

KO.

/00331

AO6.26

sea

A0-426

seaqi

LINCOLN

LAB

MASS

!NST

OF

TECH

LEXINGTON

GRAPHICAL

COMMUNICATION

AND

CONTROL

LANGjAGES,

(U)

61

7P

ROBERTSL,

G, 1

REPT,

NO,

MS-1173

CONTRACT:

AF

19(128-5167

MONITOR:

ESO

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UNCLASSIFIED

REPORT

AVAILABILITY:

PUBLISHED

IN

INFORMATION

SYSTEM

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P211-7

NO,

COP![S

TO

DOC

USERS

ONLY,

SUPPLEMENTARY

NOTEI

SUPPORTED

sY

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S,

AIR

FORCE.

DESCRIPTORS: (*GRAPHICS,

DATA

PROCESSING

SYSTEMS),

(ePROGRAMMING

LANGUAGES,

GRAPHICS),

COMPUTERS.

COMPUTER

STORAGE DEV'CES, COMPUTER

LOGIC.

PROBLEM SOLVING,

CONTROL

SYSTEMS,

DISPLAY SySTEMS

(U)

IDENTIFIERS:

LIST

PROCESSING,

ON-LINE

SYSTEMS,

TXCOMPUTERS, SKETCHPAD,

CORAL

SYSTEM

AND

LANGUAoCCOMeUTER

CONSOLES

(U)

THE

FUTURE

FAR

COMPUTER

PROCESSING

OF

GRAPHICS

IS

ALLEGED

TO BE

MANIPULAT:ON

^

DATA

FILES

AND

PROGRAMS

EXTERNAL

TO

THE

GRAPHICAL

PACKAGE,

PICTURES

ARE

REGARDED

AS

ABSTRACTIONS

THAT

ARE

USED

AS

LA8ELS

FOR

V-TERNAL

ENTITIES

SO

THAT

IT

IS

POSSIBLE

TO

CREATE

&;4TERCONNECT, AND

REARRANGE

THE

ENTITIES

WITH

A 2-

OIMENSIONAL

LANGUAGE

RATHER

THAN

THE

NORMAL

I-

DIMENSIONAL

TEXT

STREAM,

THE

CORAL iCLASS-

ORIENTED

RING

ASSOCIATION

LANGUAGE)

LIST

STRUCTURE

SYSTEM

FOR

GRAPHICAL

AND

OTHER

PROBLEMS

IS

DESCRIBED,

THE

LIST

STF-CTURE

CONCEPTS

ARE

SIMILAR

TO

THESE USED

TO

IMPLEMENT

SKETCH

PAD

ON

THE

Tx-i

COMPUTER.

BUT

STORAGE

SPACE

I5

REDUCEC

AND

A

MORE

COMPLETE

LIST

STRUCTURE

SYSTEM

AND

LANGUAGE

IS

GENERATED.

T E

CORAL

LIST

TIES

ARE

FORMED

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RINGS,

EACH

ELEMENT

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RING

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ALLOW

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DATA

STRUCTJRES,

THIS

PAPER

ALSO

DISCUSS5

STORAGEI

CLASS

STRUCTURES,

ON-LINE

PROBLEM

SOLVING

BY

USE

OP

GRaPHICAL

TECANIOUES,

AND

DISPLAY

CONSOLES,

(U)

UNCLASSIFIED

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I OD

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AD-639

734

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LINCOLN

LAB

MASI

INST

Of

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LEXINGTON

ON-LINE

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NOTE:

DESCRIPTORS! (*GRAPHICS,

*PROGRAMMING(COMPUTERS)). D'CjMENTYTION,

AUTOMATIC

(U)

IDENTIFIERS: ON-LINE

SYSTEMS

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PROMISING

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FOR

RECENTLY

DEVELOPED

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GRAPHICS

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!S

COMPUTER

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TWO

IMPORTANT

CONSIDERATIONS

IN

USING

AN

INTERACTIVE

CRAPHICS

SYSTEM

FOR

DRAWING

PROGRAM,

ARE

(I)

THE

FORM

OF

A

PICTORIAL

PROGRAMMING

NOTATION

AND

(?)

METHODS

FOR

MAKING

A

COMPUTER

EXECUTL

THE

PROGRAM

ONCE

DRAWN,

THESF

TOPICS

ARE

DISCUSSED

IN

THE

CONTEXT

OF

AN

EXPERIMENAL

GRAPHICAL

PROGRAMMING

SYSTEM

RUNNING

ON

THE

LINCOLN

LABORATORY

TX-1

COf-PUTER.

'HIS

SYSTEM

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A

&LOCK

NOTATION

FOR

PROGRAMS

AND

CAN

EXECUTE

THE

DRAON

PROGRAM

WITH

AN

INTERPRETER.

!MPROVEo

GRAPHICAL

IN!UT

LANGUAGES

FOR

ORAOING PROGRAMS

AND

PROGRAM

NOTATIONS

WHICN

COMBINE

APPROPRIATE

FEATURES

OF

PICTORIAL

AND

WRITTEN

LAN-,AGES

ARE

NEEDED

BEFORE

APPLICAT!,%NS

IN

TWIS

AREA

AAE

PRACTICAL.

T :r

BENEFITS

To

BE

EXPCTE

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GRAPH

I

CAL

APPROACM

TO

PROGRAMMING

INCLUDE

!J)

AUTOMATIC

DOCUMENTATION,

2)

DE

u

GGING

ASSISTANCE,

AND

(3)

NATUR(L

EXPRESSION

OF

PARALLEL

PROCESSES.

(AUTHOR)

(U)

iNCLASSlrFIEn

/COj

UNC,.ASSIrIED

DDC

REPORT

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SEAR

CQNTROL

NO,

/00331

Azi-b'45

463

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9/

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OF

ON-LINE

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PROGRAMMING

AND

OPERATING

A

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JAN

67

f5P

CMIES

ER,L,

I

TURN

.,

REPT,

NO,

RM-SI3-PR

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'44ZO-,7-C-OO45

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DESCOIPTORSI

feCOMPuTER

PROGRAMS,

CMECKOUT

PROCEDtRES

)o (

*CH

CKOUT

PROCEDURES,

*SPACECRAFT),

SIMULATION,

REAL

TIME,

GRAPHICS,

CHECXOUT

EQUIPMENT,

MAN-MACHMIN!

SYSTrmS

IDENTIFIERS:

IBM

7OO/w4

,

CN-

LI'E

SYSTEMS

IU

THE

REPORT

DESCRIBES

THE

STRUCTURE

AND

OPERATING

PROCEDURES

OF

EXPERIMENTAL

COMF'JTER

PROGRAMS

USED

TO

SIMULATE

A

REAL-TIME

MOvIN'

NrT*ORK

DISPLAY

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SPACECRAFT

CHECKOUT

OPERATIONS,

PROPOSED

IN

RM-

4678-NASA

(N5-5JS371

)

FOR

USE

BY

THE

HUMAN

MONITOR

Or

AN

AUTOMATED

PRELAUNCw

CHECKOUT,

THE

SYSTEM

DYNAMICALLY

SHOWS,

IN

NETWORK

FORM,

rHE

SLCCESSIVE

AND

CONCURRENT

STAGES

O A

COMPLEX

PROCESS.

THE

PROGRAMS

WERE

WRITTEN

IN

MAP

FOR

THE

IBM

-

4O/7O,

COMPUTER

SYSTEM

TO

BE

USED

WITM

THE

RAND

GRAPHIC

INPUT

TABLET

AND

A

CATmOpE

RAV

TUBE

DISPLAY

SCREEN,

H(

TABLET

1S

_SD

FO

ON-

,INE

CONSTRUCT!ON

CF

THE

INI

IAL

NT*CK

AND

FOR

OPERATION

0

THE

SIULAT

ION

ROGAA4S,

(A

COMPLETE

PROGRAM LISTING

IS

AVAILABLE

ON

RE0uEST,i

iAUTHOR

£.NC~A

SI7IiO

0033

U

NCLASSIFIED

DOC

REPORT

BIBLIOGRAPHY

SEARCH

CONTROL

NO,

/00331

AD-6

87 91

ZIT

RESEARC

j

INST

CHICAGO

ILL

-OMPUTER

SCIENCES

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CONVE

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SYSTEMS

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DIALOG

IS

AN

ALGE:RAIC LANGUAGE

FOR

',N-L.NE

USE

WITH

A

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IT

IS

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FOR T"E

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AND

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AND

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ON

AND

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AND

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AND

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COPY

PRESENTATION

OF

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USE

OF

THE

SYSTEM

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MINIMUM

OF

EXPERIENCE

COR

INSTRUCTION,

SINCE

THE

GROWTM

OF

AN

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SYSTEM CONTROL

LANGUAGE

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,

AND

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R.*E

NO

PROCESSOR-ORIENTED

STATEMENTS,

LIKE

VARIASLE

'YPE

OR

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DECLARATIONS,

MOREOvER,

IN

THE

ON-LINE

SITUATION,

YHF

PROCESSOR

I.(EA.C

TS

*ITH THE

GRAPHICAL

KEYBOARD

ON

1A CNARACTER

BY

CmARACTER

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So

AS

TO

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T

kYSOS.S

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ARE

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141,

DEcRIPTORS:

(eSTRUCTURAL PROPERTIES,

DYNAMICS),

(*GRAPHICS,

COMPLYERS),

ANALYSIS,

SEAMS(STRUCTURALI,

CAT''ODE

MAY

TUBE

SCREtNS

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THE

OORK

1S

CON( 'NED

WITH

THE

APPLICATION

Of

A

NEW

TOOL

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GOAPHICS)

RATHER

THAN

T4E

DEVELOPMENT

OF

A

NEW

ANALYTICAL

TECHNIO

,

THE

PROBLEM

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INPUT AND

OU-PUT

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ATTACHED

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STANDARD

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COMPUTER PROGRAMS

SO

THAT

ONE

CAN

VESPLAY

ON

THE

FACE

OF

1

CATHODE

RAY

TUBE

THE

INPUT

PARAMETERS,

MOD!FY

THESE

IF

DESIRED,

AND

THEN

COMPUTE

THE

MODAL

SEHAVIOR

0

THE

BEtM.

THE

ENGINEER

CAN

RETURN

TO

THE

INIAL

INPUT

DATA,

MAKE

CHANGES,

AND

RERUN

THE

PROGRAM

IF

HE SO

DESIRES,

FOR

THE

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RESPONJSE

PROBLEM,

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CAN INPUT

HIS

FORCING

FUNCTIONS,

COMPUTE

THE

FORCED RESPONSE,

AND

PRESENT

THE

RESULTS

IN

AN

ANIMATED

DISPLAY.

THIS

TECHNIQUE

FOR

COMMUNICATI*;G

WITH

THE

COMPUTER

G1VyS

IMMEDIATE

IEDV*CTION AND

INTERPRETATION

or

THE

RESQLTS

FROM

THE

FORCED

RESPONSE

PROGRAM,

A

TASK

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IN

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DIGITAL

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REQUIRES

MANY

HOURS

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EVEN

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(AUTHOR)

tU)

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RPOPT

8IBLIOGRAPHY

SEARCm

CONTROL

NO,

/00331

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191

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NO!EI

SEMIANNUAL TECHNICAL

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PET,,

I

DE(C

46-31

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67,

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RAFrELtjACK

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CONTRACT:

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ARPA

ORDER-691~

MONITOR:

ESO

TR-67-R73

UNCLASSIFIED

REPORT

OESCRIPTORS;

,*TIME

SHARING,

*GRAPHICS),

40MAN-MACHINE SYSTEMS,

COMPUTER

PROGRAMS),

DISPLAY

SYSTEMS,

P9OGRAMMING(COMPUTERS),

COMPILERS,

SCANNING,

INPUT-OUTPUT DEVICES,

CONTROL

SEQUENCES,

PROGRAMMING

LANGUAGES

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CBJECTIVE

THE

GRAPHICS

PROGRAm

AT

LINCOLN

LAovRATORY

IS

THE

DEVELOIMENT

OF

COmPuTER

HARDWARE

AND

PROGRAMS

WH!C4

WILL

ENABLE USERS

TO

WORK

ON-LINE

IN

AN

INTERACTIVE

MODE

EMPLOYING

GRAPHICAL TECHNIQUES

FOR

THE

INPUT,

MANIPULATION

AND

REPhESENTATION

OF

GRAPHICAL

DATA,

THE

WORK

INCLUDES

HmE

INVESTIGATION

OF

PROOLEMS RELATED

O

USING

A

TIME-

SHARED

COMPUTER,

$UCH

AS

Tx-2,

FOR

GRAPHICS,

AND

7HE

DESIGN

OF

GENERAL-OURPOSE

SYSTEM

PROGRAMS

TO

PROVIDE

GRAPHICS CAPABILITY

FOR

A

VARIETY

OF

SCI

NTIFIC, MILITARY

AND

CONTROL

PROBLEMS,

DURING

T E

LAST

REPORTING

PERIOD,

THE

FOLLOWING

HAS

BEEN

ACCOMPLISHED%

A

GENERAL-PQRPOSE

FRON-TEND

SYSTEM

HAS

BEEN

DESIGNED

BASED

ON

THE

VITAL

SYSTEM,

VITAL

!TSELF

HAS

SEEN

EXPANDED

TO

ALLO*

A

rOMPILER

TO

CONTROL

THE

SCANNING

OF

A

SOURCE

PROGRAM

AND

OUTPUTTING

OF

MESSAGES,

AN

ALGOLLIKE

LANGUAGE,

LA8GOL,

HAS

BEEN

IMPLEMENTEDI

WIT

4

THE

ADOIION

OF

MEANS

FOR

BUILDING

AND

MANIPULATIN-

A

STORE

OF

EXPLICIT

RELATIONS

BETWEEN UBjECTS

AND

THEIR

ATTRIBUTES,

A

NEW

LANGUAGE,

LEAP,

HAS

ALSO

BEEN

SPECIFIED,

THE

NEW

HYBRID

COi

IC

GENERATOR

HAS

BEEN

OPERATED

SUCCESSFULLY

ON-LINE,

v)

14

3

UNCLASSIFIED

.03

UNCLASSIFIED

DOC

REPORT

BIBLIOGRAP'H

SEARCH

CONTROL

NO,

/0033

1

AD-638

3111

912

CkLIFORNIA

UNIV

LOS

ANGELES

DEP

T

OF

ENGINEERING

THE

DESIGN

OF

A

GRAPHIC DISPLAY

SYSTEM,

(U)

DESCRIPTIVE

NOTE:

MASTER'S

THESIS,

AUG

47

pasP

COGGAN,BARRY

S,

REPT,

No,

*7-J&

CONTRACTI

NONR-233(32),

SO-I84

uNCLASSIFIED

REPORT

DESCRIPTORS:

(.DISPLAY SYSTEMS,

GRAPHICS?,

c,

INPUT-OUTPUT

DEVICES, DIGITAL

COMPUTERS),

7,POLOGY,

SUBROUTINES,

COMPILERS,

PROGRAMMING(COMPUTERS),

FLOW

CHARTING,

THESES

(U)

IDENTIFIERS:

ON-LINE SYSTEMS,

LIGHT

PENS,

MULTIPROCESSING

(U)

THC

STUoY

DESCRIBES

THE

BASIC

SPECIFICATIONS

FOR

A

GRAPHIC DISPLAY

SYSTEM

THAT

IS

DESIGNED

TO

HANDLE

TWO

AREAS

OF

APPLICATIONI

(1)

USE

AS

A

SPECIAL-PURPOSE

E!VICE

FOR

JHE

CONTROL

OF

AN

INSTRUMENTATION

SYSTEM,

AND

OBSERVATION,

(2)

USE

AS

A

GENERAL PURPOSE

DISPLAY DEVICE

T4AT

IS

CAPABLE

OF

DEFINING

REASONABLY

COMPLEx

SYRUCTURES

WHICk

WILL

BE

USEFUL

TO

A

BROAD FIELD

OF

APPLICATION

PROGRAMS.

EXISTING

SYSTEMS

ARE

FIRST

SURVEYED,

TmE

BASIC

CONCEPTS

OF

ENGINEERING

GRAPHICS

ARE

STUDIED,

AND

SPECIFIC

INSTRUMENTATION

DISPLAY

REQUIREMENTS

ARE

DISCUSSED,

FINALLY,

THIS

INFORMATION

IS

USED

To

DERIVE

THE

BASIC

SPECIFICATION

FOR

A

VISUAL

INFORMATION

PROCESSOR

(VIP)

THAT

WILL

SAT!SFY

THE

CONSTRAINTS,

fAUTMOR)

fut

144

UNCLASSIFIED

/00331

/ .

LNCLAS5S

IIED

DrC

REPORT

BIBLIOCRAPHY

SZARCH

CONTROL

NO,

/00331

AD-638

47

9/a

s/

SYSTEM

DEVELOPMENT

CORP

SANTA

MONICA

CALIF

A

GRAPHIC

TABLET

DISPLAY

CONSOLE

FOR

USE

UNDER

TIME-

SHARING,

U

UESCRIOTIVE

NOTE!

PROFESSIONAL

FrPER,

AUG

67 lSP

GALLENSONL,

REPT,

NO,

SP-283S/000/01

UNCLASSIFIE;

REPORT

SUPPLEMENTARY

NOTE:

FOR

PRESENTATION

AT

THE

FALL

JOINT

COMP

YER

CONFERENCC,

ANAHEIM,

CALIF,,

NOVEMBER

14-

1I,

I967,

DESCRIPTORS:

($TIME

SHARING,

*INPUT-OUTPUT

DEVICES),

(eDISPLAY

SYSTEMS,

TIME

FHARING),

MAN-MACHINE

SYSTEMS,

DATA

PROCESSING

SYSTEMS,

MAGNETIC

CORE

STORAGE,

GRAPWICS,

FLOW

CHARTING,

PROGRAMMING(COM"UT4RS}, COMPUTER

STOPAGE

DEVICES,

CO-PUTER

.OGIC,

CATHODE

RAY

BES

(v)

THE

PROBLEMS

OF

"'tING

HIGHLY

INTERACTIVE

GRA'HIC

CONSOLES

OITH

A

TIME-SHAREO

PROCESSOR

ARE

DISCUSSED

IN

THIS

PAPER,

SOOE

SOLUTIONS

TO

"HESE

PROBLEMS

ARE

GIVEN

AND

ARE

ILLUSTRATED

IN

THE

GRAPHIC

TABLET

OISPLAY

(GTD)

CONSOLE

USED

WITH

THE

SDC

TIME-

S,

ARING

SYSTEM

(TgS),

ALSO

DESCRIBED

IN

THIS

PAPLR

ARE THE

COMPONENTS

OF

THE GTOO

ITS

INTERFACE

WITH

'HE

TSS, AND

ITS

OPERATION,

THE

GTD

CONSOLE

EMPLOYS

A

REAR-PROJECTION

DISPLAY

ON

A

RAND

TABLET,

:MPROVING

THE

'NATURALNESS'

OF

MAN-MACHINE

COMMUNICAfION,

THE

GTD/TSS INTERFACE

TAKES

ADVANTAGE

OF

AN

EXISTING

1/0

PREPROCESSOR

TO

PROVIDE

THE

NECESSARY

RESPONSE

TIME

FOR

MOST

OF

THE

CONSOLE'S

HIGHLY

INTERACTIVE

FUNCTIONS,

fAUTHOR)

(U)

UNCLASSIFIED

/00331

UNCLASS

IFI[

DOC

REPORT

BIBLIOGRAPHY

SEARCH CONTROL

NO

/0033

AD-*59

807

a/ 1/2

UNITED

A

RCRAFT

CORPORATE SYSTEMS

CENTER

FARMINGTON

CONN

GRAPHIC

)ATA

HANOL:NG

TECHNIGUES,

(U)

DESCRIPTIVE

NOTE!

FINAL

'EC0NICAL

REPT,

JUN

&&-JUN

67,

JUN

47

233P

WILLIAMS,C=IFFORD

W, I

REPT,

NO,

SCR-331

CONTRACT:

DA-'44-OOV-AMC-ISI

X)

UNCLASSIFIED

REPORT

DESCRIPON*

lOGRAPHICS,

DATA

PROCtSSIN

SYSTEMS).

%#MAPPING,

DISPL.AY

SYSTEMSI,

(OMAN-MACkINE

SYSTEMS,

GRAPHICS),

CATHODE

RAY

TUBE

SCREENS,

INPUT-OUTPUT DEVICES,

FLOo

CkART:NG,

CO-PU

T

ER

PROGRAMS,

HUMAN

ENGINEERING,

DIGI

TAL

COMPUTERS,

AUTOMATION,

MAPS

IV)

IDENTIFIERSI

ON-LINE SYSTEMS,

LIGHT

PENS,

COMPUTER

AIDED

GRAPHICS

IU$

TECmNIOUES

AND

EQUIP

ENT

FOR

HANDLING

GRAPHIC

DATA

*ERE

THE

SUBJECTS

OF

VHE

STUCY,

THE

GRAPHIC

DATA

WERE

DERIVED

FROM

LINE

MAPS,

COLOR

SEPARATION

SHEETS,

ORTHOPHOTOGRAPHS

ANO

CONTOUR

SHEETS,

EoUIPMEN.

WAS

TESTED,

WHEREVER

FEASIBLE,

BY

IMPLEMENTING HARDWARE

AND

SOFTWARE

TO

ENABLE

THE

ON-LINE

COMMUNICATION

BETWEEN

A

HUMAN

OPERATOR

AN,, 4

DIGITAL

COMPUTER,

THE

HUMAN

FACTORS

OF

HANDLING CARTOGRAPHIC

DATA

WITH

A

CATHODE

IAY

TUBF

I-SPLAY

EOUIPPED

WITH

A

LIGHT

PEN

*ERE

STUDIED

TO

A

DEGREE

SUFF,

tENT

TO

OBTAIN

SPECIFIC

CONCLUSIONS,

AN

OPERATIONAL

TEST

SYSTEM

WAS

USED

TO

OBTAIV

RESULTS

OF

TESTS

AND

TO

EXTRAPrLATE

THE

DAI

OBTAINED

FROM

THESE

TESTS

INTO

POSSIbLE

SYSTEM

AND

EOUIPMENT

CONFIGURATIONS,

IHE

TEST

SYSTEM

CONSISTED

OF

A

iMPUlATIONAL

COMPLEX

EQUIPPED

WITH

A

GRAPHI:AL

DISPLAY

WITH

PROVISION

FOR

HUMAN

INTERFACE

AND

AUGMENTED

BY

A

BREADIOARD

SCANNER-DIGITIZER.

THE

OUrPUT

OF

THE

SYSTEM

CONSISTS

OF

AN

X-Y

PLOTTER

CAPABLE

OF

TRANSLATING

DIGITAL

DATA

INTO

HARD

COPY,

ALTHOUGH

THE

TESTS

EMPHASIZED

THE

HUMAN INTERFACE

WITH

A

COMPUTATIONAL

COMPLEX,

THE

TYPES

OF

GRAPHICAL

DATA

TO BE

PROCESSED,

THE

SOURCES

OF

THIS

DATA,

METHODS

OF

HANDLING

DATA,

AND

SUGGESTIONS

FOR

SOLVING

THE

FILE

CCNVtRSION

PROCESS

WERE

ALSO INVESTI

.*TEo,

THESE

INVESTIGATIONS

ARE

DIRECTLY

RLATED

TO

THE

GRAPHICAL

DATA

HANDLING TECHNIQUES

BECAUSE

IT

#-AS

BEEN

DETERMINED

THAT

ANY

GIVEN

TECHNIOUE

OR

EOUIPMENT

*ILL

HAVE

MANY

USES

IN

THE

TOTAL

CARTOGRAPHIC

SYSTEM,

4AUTHOR)

Iu)

UNCLASSIFIED

/00331

SDDC

REPORT

SISL!OGRA

bHv

SEARCH CONTROL

NO,

/0033,.

MASSACHUSETTS

INST

OF

TECH

LEXINGTON LINCOLN

LAB

5R,

PHICS,

tu)

DESCRIPTIVE

NOE:

SEMIANNUAL

TECHNICAL

SUMMARY

REPT,

I

JUN-30

NcV

67,\

NOV

47

30P

RAPrEL,JACK

I,

CONTRACT:

AF

19(&62

SI-

140,

ARPA

ORDER-69i

MONITOR:

ESD

Tq-67-370

UNCLASSIFIED

REPORT

SUPPLEMENTARY

NOTEI

SEE

ALSO

AD-653

II,

DESCRIPTORS:

(OMAN-MACHINE

SYSTEMS,

GRAP;ICS),

;

eGR*'4ICS,

DATA

PROCESSING

SYSTEMS), REMOTE

CONTROL

SYSTEMS,

SCHEDULING,

ALGORITHMS,

INPUT-

OUTPUT

DEVICES,

DISPLAY SYSTtMS,

COMPILERS.

PROGRAMMING(COMPUTERS),

PROGAAMMING LANGUAGES,

MAINTJNANCE,

INTEGRATED

CIRCUITS

(U)

IDENTIFIERS:

COMP~rER-AIDED

DISIGN,

COMPUTER

AIDED

GRAPHICS,

ON-LINE

SYSTEMS,

VITAL

PROGRAMMING

6ANGUA4E,

LEAP

PROGRAMMING

LANGUAGE

(U)

THE

APEX

DISPLAY

EXECUTIVE

HAS

BEEN

IN

REGULAR

OPERATION

AND

EXPERIENCE

*IfK

NEW

DISPLAY

HARDWARE

AND

A

REMOTE DISP6A7

CONSOLE

HAS

BEEN HELPFUL

IN

PINPOINTING

NEEDED CHANGES,

THE

APEX

INTERRUPT

EXECUTIVE

HAS

BEEN

COMPLETEC'

AND

WILL

BE

EVALUATED

LURING

THE

A

NEW

APEX

SCHEDULING

ALGORITHM

HAS

BEE

N

IMPLEMENTED

IN

ORDER

TO

'

MPROvE

THE

SYSTEM

RESONIE

TO

USERS.

THE

338

REMOTE

CONSOLE

IS

OPERATIONAL

jN

WASHINGTON,

0, C.,

AND

IS

BEING

USED

ON

A

ROUTINE

BASIS,

THE

COMPILER-COMPILER

SYSTEM

VITAL

IS

IN

REGULAR

tSE,

THE

PROGRAMMING

LANGUAGE

LEAP,

IMPLEMENTED

USING

VITAL,

MAS

BEIN

USED

FOR

PROGRAMMING CONSTRAINT

PROBLEMS,

A

PIRTION

OF

THE

NEW

VITAL

SYSTEM,

INTEGRATtD

CIRCUI' MASK

LAYOUT,

AND

TWO

DEBUGGING

PACXAGES.

THESE

LA

TER

PRESENT

THEIR

DATA

GRAPHICAL'

v

TO

THE

USER,

THE

DESIGN

Of

AN

IMPROvED

VITAL

SYSTE'

IS

UNDER

WAY,

THE

EARTH

DISPLAY

PRO5RAM

CREATED

EARLIER

IN

THE

YEAR

HAS

BEEN

JSED

ON

ACTUAL

DATA

OBTAINED

FROM

LES-

, A

NEW

APPROACH

FOR

SOLVING

CONSTfAINED

SYSTEMS

IS

UNDER

DEvELOPfMENT

%1IC

w

USES

A

GEOMETRICAL

MODEL,

SEVERAL

YR!AL

APPLICATIONS

OF

THIS

METHOD

Av

BEEN

PROGRAMM[E

USING

LEAP,

A

SPECIAL

COMPILER

AND

LANGLAGE

FOR

TESTING

INTEGRATED

CIRCUITS

HAVE

BEEN

DEVEL"PED.

A

THEORY

O

GENERALIZED

SUPERPOSITiON

"AS

BEEN APPLIED

TO

WAVEFORM

PROCESSING, PROGRAMS

HAVE

BEEN

0EVELOPED

FoR

SCAN%'NG,

PRCCESSING,

ANC

PH'ITCGRAPH'Ni

PICTu''ES

WHICH

ARE

L,

BJEC

T

EO

TO

,

Hl;

NEW

KIN

O

OtL)

UNCLASSIFIED

/0033I

UNCLASSIFIED

DDC

REPORT

BIBLIOGRAPHY

SEARCH

CONTROL.

NO,

/00331

MASSACHUSETTS

INST

OF

TECH

CAMBRIDGE

ELECTRONIC

SYSTEMS

LAB

A

LOW-COST

GRAPHIC

DISPLAY

FOR

A

COMPUTER

TIME-

SHARING CONSOLE,

,

DESCRIPTIVE

NOTE!

TEC.NICAL

MEMO,,

JUL

67

3aP

STOTZ,ROBrRT

H, I

CHEE

,THOMAS

B,

1

REPT.

NO,

ESL-TM-316

CONTRACT:

NONR-O4102(0I)

PROj:

DSR-79474

UNCLASSIFIED

REPORT

DESCRIPTORS:

eOATA

PROCESSING

SYSTEMS,

*TIME

SHARING),

i#INPUT-OUTPUT

DEVICES,

REMOTE COtTROL

SYSTEMS),

(*GRAPHICS,

DIPLAY

SYSTEMS),

TELETYPE SYSTEMS,

TYPe

MITERS,

SYMBOLS,

tPA

ICIENCY,

COSTS,

DATA

TRANSMISSION

SYSTEMS,

'ELEPHONE

COMMUNICATION

SYSTEMS,

D-TA

STC*AGE

SYSTEMS,

LOGIC

CIRCUITS,

MAN.MACMINE

SYSTEMS

(U)

IDENTIFIERS:

ALPMA-NUMERIC

SYMBOLS,

KEY$OARDS,

MAC

PROJECT,

TELETYPEWRITERS

u

THt

ADVENT

OF

TIME-SHARED

COMPUTER

SYSTEMI

HAS

CREATED

A

NEED

FOR

A

FLEXIBLE

AND

RELATIVELY

LOW-COS

T

COMMUNICATION

TERMINAL

FOR

REMOTE

COMPUTER

ACCESS.

MOST

TIME-SHARED

SYSTEMS

NOW

USE

MECHANICAL

TELEfYPEWRITERS

WHICH

ARE

S O

AND

UNABLE

TO

PRESENT

GRAPHIC

DISPLAYS--A

SE

IOUS

LIMITATION

IN

MANY

SOWHISTICATED

COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

THE

bEST

CANDIDATE

FOR

A

TELETYPEWRITER

REPLACEMENT

AP'EARS

TO

SE

A

CRT

CONSOLE

WITH

AN

ALPHANUMERIC

KEYBOARD

INPUT

WHICH

CAN

CONNECT

AS

A

'STAND

ALONE'

UNIT

70

A

STANDARD

TELEPHONE

LINE,

THE

oNIT

USES

A

DIRECT-

VIEW

STORAGE

TUBE (DVST)

FOR

A

DISPLAY SCREEN

AND

CONTA

N A

VECTOR

GENERATOR

AND

A

SYMBOL

GtNERATOR

FOR

THE

FULL

ASCII

SYMBOL

SET.

IT

CAN

CONNECT

TO

A

CENTRAL

COMPU'ER

VIA

A

11O0-tMOO

SAUD

DATAPHONE

LINE,

A

MANUALLY-CONTROLLED

ELECTRONIC

CURSOR

FOR

GRAPHICAL

INPUT

T-

THE

COMPUTER

CAN

ALSO

B

ADDED,

(AUTHOR)

ul

NCASSIfIED

0C331

GENERAL

APPL

ICATIONS

A

UNCLASSIFIED

DOC

REPORT

BIBLIOGRAPHY

SEARCH

CONTROL

NO,

/OOJ3

AD-&10

i1

ELECIRONIC

SYSTEMS

Dlv

L .

HANSCOM

FIELD

MASS

CORTEX:

A

COMPUTER-BASE

SYSTEM

FOR

AIDING

DECISION

MAKING,

(u)

DEC

6A 43P

SHUFORD,TM!R

H, I

REPT,

NO,

ESO-TR-64-477

PRO.,:

4690

TASK:

49OO3

UNCLASSIFIED

REOORT

SUPPLEP

NTARY

NOTE:

PUE,

IN

INFORMATION

SYSTEM

SCIENCES:

PROCEEDINGS

OF

THE

SECOND

CONGRESS,

SPARFAN

BOOKS,

INC.,

WASHINGTON,

D,

C.,

1945

OESC"IPTORS: (eDECISION

MAKING,

THEORY

,

(*COMPUTERS,

DECISION

MAKINC),

COMPUTERS,

REAL

TIME,

STATISTICAL

ANALYSIS,

DATA

PROCESSING

SYS7EMS,

PROGRAMMING

(COMPUTERS),

PROBABILITY,

DISTRIBUTION,

CATHODE

RA Y

TUeE!

,

DECISION

THEORY

(U,

IDENTIFIERS:

MAN-MACHINC

SYSTEMS,

ON-LINE

SYSTEMS,

CORTEX,

STAT

PAC

(U

DE

SION

THEORY

IS

T4E

CONTEMPORARv

MANIFESTATI0N

OF

THE

MATHEMATICS

0

THE

DECISION

PROCESS

AND THUS

CAN

BE

VIEWED

, A

PRIMARY

A!O

To

THE

HUMAN

OECISION

PROCESS.

THE

COSTS

AND

GAINS

Of

ALYING

THE

CONCEPTS

AND

ALGOrIt'HMS

OF

OCISION

THEORY

ARE

CONSIDERED

IN

SOME

OETAIL,

A

MAN/

COMPUTER

SVSTEH

IS

DESCR!SED

WHICH

IS

DESIGNED

TO

MAKE

THE

CONCEP'S

AND

ALGORITHMS

OF

DECISION

THEORY

AVAILABLE

"'C

A

DECISION

MAKEW

AT

A

GRrATLV

REDUCED

PERSONAL

CO5

,

TkIS

IS

ACHIEVED,

IN

LARGE

PARTt

By

SIGNIPCANTLY

REDUCING

THE

SPECIAL

KNOOLEOGE

REOGURED

or

TE

DECISION

MAK

THU

THE

DEC

1

ON

MAKER %E!D5

NE

KNO*LED6E

Or

C'".UTER

PRMGRAMMINJ

AND

A

.'AN''AL

KNOWLEDGE

OF

CECISION

THEORy

AND

MATHM

ATICS

IN

CRDER

TO

["

INl

USING

'THE

SYSTEM

!N

HIS DAY-T'O-DAY

OC S'N

MAK

I'^G

ACTIVITIES,

(AUTHOC

)

40

U.CLAgSIIEZ

0 3

U

'tNCLASSIFIED

OCc

REPORT

818L!iGRAPHY

SEARCH

(

ONTPO..

NC,

!00332

AD

-I1 753

*4I!qr

CORP

S8EDF0"g

MASS

OESCR

I

N

OF

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SYSTEMS

DES

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LABORATORY

01

SPLAY~

CONSOLES.

U

REPT,

NO.

TM-Cl33

CONTRACT:

Alrj9

628

2390

P

RO..,

25

S

MONITOR:

Es

O -6 -5

UNCLASSIFIEC

REPORT

OvPLEmENTARY

NOTE:

ocsc~"ro~s

(.C0~A.)

ANCD

CONTROL

SSES

T

ELEV!S7'--

DISPLAY

SYSTEM4Sj

#

eT

E

Lf.V

IS

10N

0

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SYS"EMS,

CO-4mANO

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CONTROL

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PROCESSING

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Ti~S!C

DISPLAY

SYSTEfS)

SYSTEM

4S ENONEERING,

C"

1

'40DE

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TLBES,

COMUTERS,

MAGNETIC

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LIGHT

COM,N!CA'!CN

SvSTEm

,

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CI

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'

MIT

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MASS,

19611

THAT

THE

UNILATRAL

SYSTEMS

*"ICH

ATE

STAGLE

IN

T,E

*IDE

SENSE

ARE

MORE

POOERFUL

THAN

THE

iTRICTLY

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UNILATERAL

SYSTEMS,

L2)

THE

iiNILATERAL

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ARE

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IN

TY

WIDE

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NON

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AUTOMATA,

(3)

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STRICTLY

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ARE

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THE

DEYERMINIS"IC

P'5 9

DO*N

AUTOMAfA

AN

(4)

A

PROPER

SUBCLASS

OF'

STRICTLY

9TABLE

UNILATERAL

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IS MO".E

PO*ER7L.

IN

A

SENSE

THAN

THE

CLASS

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TwO-TAPE

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:-*AY

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IT

ALSO

IS

PROVED

THAT

(|) A

LANGUAGE

GENERATED

BY

A

LINEAR

GRAMMAR

IS

N

SOUARED-RECOGNIZABLE

SY

A

SINGLE-TAPE

TURING

MACHINE

IN

THE

SENSE

OF

HARTMANIS

AND

STEARNS

('COMPUTATIONAL COMPLEXITY

OF

RECURSIVE

SCOUQENCESl

PROC.

FFTH

ANNUAL

SYMPOPIUM

OF

SWITCHING

CIRCUIT

THEOR'

AND

LOGICAL

0ESIGN',

(OCT.

1944)

P.

8-9O,

AND

(2)

THERE

IS

A

LANGUAGE

WHIC

H

1S

GENERATED

8V

A

LINEAR

GRAMMAR

AND

IS

NOT

N-

RECOGNI

ZALEf

fAUTHOR)

(U)

UNCLASSIFIED

/10332

UNCLASSIFIED

DDC

REPORT

BIBLIOGRAPHY

SEARCH

CONROL

NO.

/0O332

AD-&32

5.9

1/7

19/

ILLINOIS

NI

BANA

COORD!NATED

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LAB

A

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NOTE:

SEE

ALSO

AOD-2

733,

DESCRI:TORS: 4;COMPTATI

ONAL

LINGUISTICS,

TIME),

COM

U-Et

S,

AUTOM

AA

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LINEAR

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INE,

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SHOAN

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L

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IS

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A

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IS

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ANY

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IF

LIM

T(Ni/(N/LO

N)

SOiARED

(AS

N

AP

OACMES

INFINITY)

EGUALS

ZERO

AND

(ii

ANY

LANGUACE

GENERATED

BY

A

LINFAR

GRAMMAR

IS

N

SOUARED-RECOGNIZASLE

BY AN

ON-LINE

SINGLE-TAPE

T'RING

MACHINE

IN

THE

SENSE

OF

MARTMANIS

AND

STEARNS

(CC

PuTATION'_ COMPLEXITY

Or

RECURSIVE

SEOUENCES,

PROC,

TN

FIFTH ANNUAL

5vMP.

OF

SWITCHING

CIRCUIT

THEORY

AND

LOGICAL

DESIGN,

P,

Ba-qO

(1964),

(AUTHOR)

(Q)

1

54

UNCLASS

IF

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1003j2

'LINC

t

AS

IF5 I

ED0

DOC

REPORT

6BLIOGRAPHY

SEARCH

CONTROL

NO,

iQ034

AD-635

'431q/

RCSEARCH

LAB

OF

Ek.ECTRONICS

MASS

INST

Or

TECH

C

AMaR

DGE

ON-LINE

TURING

MACWINE

COMSUTATIONSO

(U)

DESCRIPTIVE

NOTE:

REVISED

fD,

OCT

*5

lOP

HENNIE,

F, CR I

CONTRACTI

DA-36-O39-AMC-032OO(E)

NSF-R'95

UNCLASSIFIED

REPORT

AVAILABIL!TY: PUBLISHED

IN

IEEE

TRANSACT:ONS

ON

ELECTRONIC

COMPUTERS

VECIS

Ni

P35-44

FED

1966,

SUPPLEMENTARY

NOTE:

GRANT

NSG-496,

REVISION

Or

MANUSCRIPT

S

'M!TTED

19

.1UN

&S,

DESCRiPTORS:

feAUTOMATA,

OPERATION),

TIME,

?NPUT-OUTPUT

DEVfCES

DATA

STORAGE SYSTEMS,

;NFORMATION

RETRIEVAL,

DIGITAL

COMPUTERS,

OPTIMIZATION,

PROGRAMMINGICOMPUTERS)

( )

IDENTIFIERS:

TURI

$

MACHINE,

ON-LINE

SYSTEMS

(U)

THE

PAPI2R

INVESTIGATE%

('TH)E

PROBLEH

OF

FINDING

LOWZ

R

BOUNDS

ON

THE

COMPUTATION

TIMES

OF ON-

LINE

TURING

MACHINES,

AND

(j)THE

TRADE-OFF

RELATIONSHIP

BETWEEN

COMPUTAtION

TIME

AND TAPE

DIMENSIONALITY,

IT

CONSIDE4S

PROBLEMS

IN

WHICH

A

TURING

MACmINE

IS

SUPPLIED

WITH

A

SEOUENCE

OF

FNPU

TS

REPRESENTING

DATA

TO

BE

STORED

ON THE

MACHINE'S

TAPEiS)o

FOLLOWED

BY

A

SEQUENCE

OF

;NPUTS

R

OUESTING

THE

MACHINE

TO

FIND

AND

EXAMINE

VARIOUS

PORTIONS

OF

THE

STORED

DATA,

THE

APPROACH

TAKEN

IS

TO

ASSUME

THAT

THE

MACHINE

HAS

BEEN

DESIGNED

TO

READ

IN

AND

STORE

DATA

IN

SUCH

A

*AY

AS

TO

MINIMIZE

THE

TIME

REQUIRED

TO

SUBSEQUENTLY

LOCATE

ARBITRARY

PORTIONS

OF

THAT

DATA, THIS

APPROACH

SOMETIMES

MAKES

IT

POSSIBLE

To

FIND

GOOD

LOWER

BOUNDS

.N

THE

COMPUTATION

TIME

(NUMBER

OF

MACHINE

STEPS)

NEEDED

TO

PROCESS

THE

PORTION

OF'

T

HE

INPUT

SEQUENCE

THAT

CALLS

FOR

THE

RETRIEVAL

OF

DATA,

IT

IS

SHOWN

THAT

THERE

ARE

SOME

PROBLEMS

IN

WHICH

AN

INCREASE

IN

TAPE

DIMENSIONALITY

APPRECIABLY

REDUCES

THE

COMPUTATION

TIME

NEEDED,

BUT

IT

IS

ALREADY

KNOWN

THAT

INCREASING

THE

NUMAER

OF

A

MACHINE'S

YARPES

IBEYOND

TWO)

DOES

NOT

APPRECIABLY

Ut

REASE

THE

COMPUTATION

TIME

NEEDED,

THUS,

TAPE

3IMENSIONALITY

AND

TAPE

MULTIPLICITY

ARE

PARAMETERS

THAT

AFFECT

COMPUTATION

TIME

IN

BASICALLY DIFFERENT

WAYS.

(AUTHOR)

(U)

155

UNCLASSIFIED

/00331

/ " 1

UNCLASS!FIED

DOC

REPORT

8IBLIOGRAPHY

SEARCH

CONTROL

NO,

1O0332

AD-6'12

172

/

MASSACHUSETTS

INST

OF

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A

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(U)

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AI

A

BILITY:

PUBLISHED

IN

PROCEEDINGS

OF

THE

SPRING

JOINT

COMPUTER CONFERENCE,

BOSTON,

a6-e

APRIL

1966,

DESCRIPTORS:

ISDIGITAL

SYSTEMS,

DYNAMICS),

DIGITAL

CCMPUTERS,

DIGITAL

DIFFERENTIAL

ANALYZERS,

DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

(U,

IDENTIFIERS; ON-LINE SYSTEMS

(U)

THE

PAPER

DESCRIBES

THE

DESIGN

AND

OPERATION

OF

A

DIGITAL SYSTEM WHICH

1S

USEFUL

FOR

ON-LINE

STUDIES

OF

DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS,

I.E.,

SYSTEMS

DESCRIBED

BY

ORDINARY

DIFFEReNTIAL

EQUATIONS,

THE

SYSTEM

IS A

COMBINATION

OF

A

SMA'L,

GENERAL-PURPOSE

DIGITAL

COMPUTER

AND

A H

-S,'EED

DIGITAL

DIFFERENTIAL

ANALYZER

IDDA

WHICH

USES

A

t.5

MICROSEC,

SPLIT-

CYCLE

CORE

MEMORY,

fHE

INTERCONNECTION

OF

THE

INTEGRATORS

OF

TNf

ODA

IS

SPE

CIFIED

AS

PART

OF

AN

86-BIT

WORD,

AND

THERE

ARE

256

WORDS

(OR

INTEGRATORS)

IN

THE

H^,im

4

NE,

INTERCONNECTION

OF

TWF

SMALL

GENERAL-PuRPOSE

COMPUTER

TO

A

LARGE

TIME-

SHARED SYSTEM MAKES AUTOMATIC

MAPPINL

,

SCALING,

AND

INTERCONNECTION

OF

THE

DD'

POSSISLE,

AND

THUS,

ON-

LiNE

OPERATION

*ITH

RELATIVELY

SHORT

TIMES

FOR

SETTING

UP

AND

RUNNING

ARE

ACHIEvEO,

(AUTHOR)

iU)

UNCLASSIFIED

100332

UNCL*SSIFIED

DDC

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B!SLIOGCAPHY

SEARC,

CONTROL

NO,

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3

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43

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COMPUTER RESEARCH

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SYSTEMS),

EOUA7IONS,

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OPERATFON

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IDENTIFlERS:

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SYSTEM,

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SYSTEMS

(U)

THE

REPORT

DESCRIBES

THE

PELIMINARY

VERSION

OF

THE

MAGIC

PAPER

SYSTEM,

THROUGH

A

CONVERSATIONAL

INTERACTION,

THE

SYSTEM

AICS

THE

SCIENTIST,

ENGINEER

OR

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AS HE

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OPERATIONS

ON

LINEAR

ALGEBRAIC

!OUATIJNS,

THE

USER

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BY

ENTERING

HIS

INITIAL

kUAt

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AND

CONDITIONS

THROUGH

A

MATHEMATICAL

Ey¥

AR,,

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HE

TYPES

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SING

A

P5SM-

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PANEL

ANP A

LIoGHT

PEN,

HE

MAY

SFLECT

EXPRESSIONS

AND

OPERATIONS

*HICH

ARE

TO BE

PERFCRt'r

ON

THEM.

IF

THE

OPERATION

IS

LEGAL,

THE

SYSTEM

GENERATES

A

NE*

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* I

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IS

THEN

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SCOPE

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WITH

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THE

USER

MAY

CREATE

N *

OPERATORS

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ICM

CAN

THEN

BE

ADDED

TO

THE

SYSTEM,

HE

CAN

ALSO

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-E

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NOTATIONAL

CONVENTIONS,

T'E

USER

HAS

CONSDERABLE

CONTROL

OmICH

ENABLE.S

HIM

To

PEM5ONALIZE

TH E

SYSTEM

TO

MEET

HIS

OWN

PARTICULAR

EEDS,

(AUTHOR)

(t

UNCLASSI

r

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1

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IFIED

DOC

REPORT

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SEARCH

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NO,

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ESTABLISHMENT

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(ENGLAND)

CONTROL

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FOR

ON-LINE

OR

OFF-LINE

OPEATIuN

OF AN

INCREME.

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PLOTTER

IN

THE

MERCuRY

COMPL;TER

SYSTEM,

(U)

DESCRIPTIVE

NOTE:

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REPT,,

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66

2i

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DATA

WOOCESSING

SYSEMS(

,

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DEVICES,

MAGNET'(

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DATA

(L)

I:ENT;rIERS: MERCURY

CO4PUTER, ON-LINE

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Number

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AD

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255

086

63

629 867

118

296 532

64 631

269

i19

400 349

65

631

941

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154

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356

67

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77

474

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476

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972

5

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371

79

608

344

68

635

431

155

608

502

106

636 993

20

609 288

107

639

734

139

610

121

149

640 057

21

610 698

108

640 647

80

611

753

150

640 652

81

612 b14

69

642

172

156

612

702

109 642 255

82

612

940

110

642 353

22

*

614 992

6

643 313

157

615 604

7

645

438

23

615

658

8

645

483

140

615

718

70

645

660

24

615

731

9

646

717

2:

618

825

10

646 857

141

618

931

ill

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196

83

621

277

151

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346

120

622 013

112

650

500

26

622

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113

650

847

121

622

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932

142

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520

11

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582

27

623

794

71

652

425

158

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653

191

141

623

804

13

653 279

84

624

110

115

653

282

85

625

003

14

653 465

86

625

181

137

654 59t

2

625

417

72

654 624

122

625

728

116

654

678

123

626

142

15

654 766

87

626 467

152

655 978

159

626

733

153

656

041

29

626

882

138

656

340

88

627

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16

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160

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135

17

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Number

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664

67.

148

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657

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34

666

336

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134

657 782

125

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409

57

657 783

126

666 530

58

657

812

89

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556

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657 977

161

666 666

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314

144

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135

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101

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559

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359

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660 089

92

667

659

61

660

251

37

668

626

16

660

252

38

660

253

39

660

581

40

660 836

41

661

259

42

661

273

43

661

539

44

661

551

45

661

604

128

661

605

46

661

665 129

661

744

130

661

807

131

661

861

93

661

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94

661

967

47

662

027

132

662

224

48

662

225

133

662

320

662

419

50

662

665

51

662 666

5L

662

872

53

663

525

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663

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56

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A-?

_UNCLASSiI!ED-UNLIMITEU

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Clasaiticetion

DOCUMENTCC4TL

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SEUN.I

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CATO

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Unclassified-Unlimited

Came

ron

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ab.

INU

Alexandria,

Virginia

22314

________

3

REPORT

TITLE

ON-LINE

COMPUTER

SYSTE4S VOLUME

I

4.

OKIC~vtPTIV9

NOTIES

(1YPffo

rotp.ot

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1'*T1

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NO

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SEPTEMBER

1968

208

162

as-

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OR

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fan-d

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5

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oDTftISLJTIONI

rATEWFNT

This

document

has

been

approved

for

public

release

and

sale;

its

distribution

is

unlimited.

11

SUVPLILENIA~t

NO.TC3

12

SPONSOqIIJC

"ILIl

AMY

AC

TfWI

r

I)

ABSTRACT

This

Lnclasi

fied-Unl

imited

bibliography

was

compiied

in

re-

sponse

to

a

growing

interest

in

On-Line

Computer

Systems.

The

bib-

]liography,

with

162

citations

,

was

grousjed

into

5

general

subject

areas:

IPrograrming(computers

,

'nformation

Retrieval,

Time

Sharinq,

Graphics,

and

General

Applications-

This

volume

i s

snolernented

by

an

Uncl

assi

fi4ed-Limi

ted

version

with

52

citations

(AD

40

090).

DD

Nov.

014737

UNCLASSI

FlED-UN4IIE

UNCLASS

I

FIED

-UNLItLTED

Security

CPsifict n

_

---

L I A I eI z

-

0 L E MOO

li" LE i#

*On-Line

Systens

I

*Information

Retrieval

*Programming(Computers)

*Time

Sharing

IMan-Machine

Systems

Comouter

Progrims

Graphics

Computers

Display

Systems

Programming

Languages

Biblicgraphies

Digital

Computers

Data

Processing

Systems

J

Data

Storage

Systems

Real

Time

Computer

Storage

Devices

UNCLASSI

FED-UNLLMT..

SeCuity

Oa

% i

Shon

AD0675050_A_DDC_Bibliography_on_On Line_Computer_Systems_Sep68 AD0675050 A DDC Bibliography On Line Computer Systems Sep68

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