A_E7405A_usersguide A E7405A Usersguide

User Manual: A_E7405A_usersguide

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User’s Guide
Agilent Technologies
EMC Series Analyzers
This guide documents firmware revision A.08.xx
This manual provides documentation for the following instruments:
E7401A (9 kHz- 1.5 GHz)
E7402A (9 kHz - 3.0 GHz)
E7403A (9 kHz - 6.7 GHz)
E7404A (9 kHz - 13.2 GHz)
E7405A (9 kHz - 26.5 GHz)

Manufacturing Part Number: E7401-90050
Supersedes: E7401-90024
Printed in USA
December 2001
© Copyright 2001 Agilent Technologies

Notice
The information contained in this document is subject to change
without notice.
Agilent Technologies makes no warranty of any kind with regard to this
material, including but not limited to, the implied warranties of
merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. Agilent
Technologies shall not be liable for errors contained herein or for
incidental or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing,
performance, or use of this material.

Safety Information
The following safety symbols are used throughout this manual.
Familiarize yourself with the symbols and their meaning before
operating this instrument.
WARNING

Warning denotes a hazard. It calls attention to a procedure
which, if not correctly performed or adhered to, could result in
injury or loss of life. Do not proceed beyond a warning note
until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met.

CAUTION

Caution denotes a hazard. It calls attention to a procedure that, if not
correctly performed or adhered to, could result in damage to or
destruction of the instrument. Do not proceed beyond a caution sign
until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met.

NOTE

Note calls out special information for the user’s attention. It provides
operational information or additional instructions of which the user
should be aware.
The instruction documentation symbol. The product is
marked with this symbol when it is necessary for the
user to refer to the instructions in the documentation.
This symbol is used to mark the on position of the
power line switch.
This symbol is used to mark the standby position of the
power line switch.
This symbol indicates that the input power required is
AC.

WARNING

This is a Safety Class 1 Product (provided with a protective
earth ground incorporated in the power cord). The mains plug
shall be inserted only in a socket outlet provided with a
protected earth contact. Any interruption of the protective
conductor inside or outside of the product is likely to make the
product dangerous. Intentional interruption is prohibited.

WARNING

No operator serviceable parts inside. Refer servicing to
qualified personnel. To prevent electrical shock do not remove
covers.

WARNING

If this product is not used as specified, the protection provided
by the equipment could be impaired. This product must be used
in a normal condition (in which all means for protection are
intact) only.

CAUTION

Always use the three-prong AC power cord supplied with this product.
Failure to ensure adequate grounding may cause product damage.

Warranty
This Agilent Technologies instrument product is warranted against
defects in material and workmanship for a period of three years from
date of shipment. During the warranty period, Agilent Technologies
will, at its option, either repair or replace products which prove to be
defective.
For warranty service or repair, this product must be returned to a
service facility designated by Agilent Technologies. Buyer shall prepay
shipping charges to Agilent Technologies and Agilent Technologies shall
pay shipping charges to return the product to Buyer. However, Buyer
shall pay all shipping charges, duties, and taxes for products returned
to Agilent Technologies from another country.
Agilent Technologies warrants that its software and firmware
designated by Agilent Technologies for use with an instrument will
execute its programming instructions when properly installed on that
instrument. Agilent Technologies does not warrant that the operation of
the instrument, or software, or firmware will be uninterrupted or
error-free.

LIMITATION OF WARRANTY
The foregoing warranty shall not apply to defects resulting from
improper or inadequate maintenance by Buyer, Buyer-supplied
software or interfacing, unauthorized modification or misuse, operation
outside of the environmental specifications for the product, or improper
site preparation or maintenance.
NO OTHER WARRANTY IS EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED. AGILENT
TECHNOLOGIES SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS THE IMPLIED
WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
Should Agilent have a negotiated contract with the User and should
any of the contract terms conflict with these terms, the contract terms
shall control.

EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES
THE REMEDIES PROVIDED HEREIN ARE BUYER’S SOLE AND
EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES. AGILENT TECHNOLOGIES SHALL NOT
BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL,
OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, WHETHER BASED ON
CONTRACT, TORT, OR ANY OTHER LEGAL THEORY.

Where to Find the Latest Information
Documentation is updated periodically. For the latest information about
Agilent Technologies EMC Analyzers, including firmware upgrades and
application information, please visit the following Internet URL:
http://www.agilent.com/find/emc
Microsoft is a U.S. registered trademark of Microsoft Corp.

Contents

1. Menu Maps
What You Will Find in This Chapter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Menus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Alpha Editor Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
AMPLITUDE Y Scale Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
AMPLITUDE Y Scale Menu (Corrections) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Auto Couple Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
BW/Avg Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Det/Demod Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Display Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
File Menus (1 of 3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
File Menus (2 of 3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
File Menus (3 of 3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Freq Count (Marker) Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
FREQUENCY Channel Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Input/Output Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Marker Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Marker → Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Meas Control Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Meas Setup Menu (1 of 5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Meas Setup Menu (2 of 5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Meas Setup Menu (3 of 5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Meas Setup Menu (4 of 5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Meas Setup Menu (5 of 5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
MEASURE Menu (1 of 4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
MEASURE Menu (2 of 4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
MEASURE Menu (3 of 4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
MEASURE Menu (4 of 4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Peak Search Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Preset Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Print Setup Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Source Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
SPAN (X Scale) Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Sweep Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
System Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Trace/View Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Trig Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
2. Front-Panel Key Reference
AMPLITUDE Y Scale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Auto Couple . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Bk Sp (Backspace) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

Contents

BW/Avg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Det/Demod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Enter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
ESC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Freq Count . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
FREQUENCY Channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Help . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
Input/Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Marker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Marker → . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
Meas Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Meas Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
MEASURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
MODE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162
Mode Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
Next Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
Peak Search . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
Preset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
Print . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174
Print Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175
Restart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
Return . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
Save . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
Single . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
Source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
SPAN X Scale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
Standby . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
Sweep . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
System (Local) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
Tab Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
Trig . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
⇑ (UP) and ⇓ (DOWN) Arrow Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
Trace/View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
Viewing Angle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
Zoom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214

Menu Maps
This chapter provides a visual representation of the front panel keys
and their associated menu keys when the analyzer is in EMC mode.
Refer to Chapter 2 , “Front-Panel Key Reference,” on page 43 for key
function descriptions.

Menu Maps
What You Will Find in This Chapter

What You Will Find in This Chapter
This chapter provides menu maps for the front-panel keys having
associated menus. The Alpha Editor Menu is associated with many
keys, but is shown separately. The front-panel key menus appear in
alphabetical order as follows:
Table 1-1
Alpha Editor Menus

Page 9

AMPLITUDE Y Scale

Page 10, Page 11

Auto Couple

Page 12

BW/Avg

Page 13

Det/Demod

Page 14

Display

Page 15

File

Page 16, Page 17, Page 18

Freq Count

Page 19

FREQUENCY Channel

Page 20

Input/Output

Page 21

Marker

Page 22

Marker →

Page 23

Meas Control

Page 24

Meas Setup

Page 25, Page 26, Page 27, Page 28, Page 29

MEASURE

Page 30, Page 31, Page 32, Page 33

Peak Search

Page 34

Preset

Page 35

Print Setup

Page 36

Source

Page 37

SPAN X Scale

Page 38

Sweep

Page 39

System

Page 40

Trace/View

Page 41

Trig

Page 42

Chapter 1

Menu Maps
Menus

Menus
Alpha Editor Menu

Chapter 1

Menu Maps
Menus

AMPLITUDE Y Scale Menu

Chapter 1

Menu Maps
Menus

AMPLITUDE Y Scale Menu (Corrections)

Chapter 1

Menu Maps
Menus

Auto Couple Menu

Chapter 1

Menu Maps
Menus

BW/Avg Menu

Chapter 1

Menu Maps
Menus

Det/Demod Menu

Chapter 1

Menu Maps
Menus

Display Menu

Chapter 1

Menu Maps
Menus

File Menus (1 of 3)

Chapter 1

Menu Maps
Menus

File Menus (2 of 3)

Chapter 1

Menu Maps
Menus

File Menus (3 of 3)

Chapter 1

Menu Maps
Menus

Freq Count (Marker) Menu

Chapter 1

Menu Maps
Menus

FREQUENCY Channel Menu

Chapter 1

Menu Maps
Menus

Input/Output Menu

Chapter 1

Menu Maps
Menus

Marker Menu

Chapter 1

Menu Maps
Menus

Marker → Menu

Chapter 1

Menu Maps
Menus

Meas Control Menu

Chapter 1

Menu Maps
Menus

Meas Setup Menu (1 of 5)

Chapter 1

Menu Maps
Menus

Meas Setup Menu (2 of 5)

Chapter 1

Menu Maps
Menus

Meas Setup Menu (3 of 5)

Chapter 1

Menu Maps
Menus

Meas Setup Menu (4 of 5)

Chapter 1

Menu Maps
Menus

Meas Setup Menu (5 of 5)

Chapter 1

Menu Maps
Menus

MEASURE Menu (1 of 4)

Chapter 1

Menu Maps
Menus

MEASURE Menu (2 of 4)

Chapter 1

Menu Maps
Menus

MEASURE Menu (3 of 4)

Chapter 1

Menu Maps
Menus

MEASURE Menu (4 of 4)

Chapter 1

Menu Maps
Menus

Peak Search Menu

Chapter 1

Menu Maps
Menus

Preset Menu

Chapter 1

Menu Maps
Menus

Print Setup Menu

Chapter 1

Menu Maps
Menus

Source Menu

Chapter 1

Menu Maps
Menus

SPAN (X Scale) Menu

Chapter 1

Menu Maps
Menus

Sweep Menu

Chapter 1

Menu Maps
Menus

System Menu

Chapter 1

Menu Maps
Menus

Trace/View Menu

Chapter 1

Menu Maps
Menus

Trig Menu

Chapter 1

Front-Panel Key Reference
The front-panel keys in this chapter are listed alphabetically and are
described with their associated menu keys. The menu keys are
arranged as they appear in your analyzer menus. Use the following
table to locate a specific key.

Front-Panel Key Reference

Key Label

Page
Location

Key Label

Page
Location

< Display Line

page 169

Amptd Offset

page 182

> Display Line

page 169

page 114

µA/m

page 54

Amptd Ref (f = 50 MHz)
On Off

µV/m

page 54

Amptd Ref Out
(f=50 MHz) On Off

page 114

1↔2

page 210

Amptd Step Auto Man

page 182

1→3

page 210

Annotation On Off

page 90

1 MHz BW Type

page 77

Antenna

2→3

page 210

page 53,
page 98

2↔3

page 210

Antenna Units

page 54,

2 – DL → 2

page 210

Apply Corrections Yes No

page 53,
page 133

120 kHz

page 73

Attenuation Auto Man

150 kHz - 30 MHz

page 123

page 51,
page 182

200 Hz

page 74

Auto

page 175

200 MHz - 1 GHz

page 125

Auto All

page 65

30 - 300 MHz

page 125

Auto Align

page 197

9 kHz

page 73

Auto Couple

page 65

9 - 150 kHz

page 122

Auto Measure

page 160

Abort

page 121

Average

page 79

Align Now

page 198

Avg On Off

Alignments

page 197

page 145,
page 146,
page 147

All

page 198

Average On Off

All but RF

page 197

page 74,
page 157

page 81,
page 81

Avg Type Auto Man

page 70,
page 74

Amplitude

page 86,
page 128,
page 135,
page 142

Band Power

page 118
page 165

Bitmap

page 97

Blank

page 210

BW/Avg

page 73

Cable

page 56,
page 98

AMPLITUDE Y Scale

page 51

Amplitude On Off

page 181

Amptd Interp Log Lin

page 88,
page 130

Chapter 2

Front-Panel Key Reference

Key Label

Page
Location

Key Label

Page
Location

Center Freq

page 109

Custom

page 175

Center Presel On Off

page 157

Date Format MDY DMY

page 196

CF Step Auto Man

page 109

Define Custom

page 176

Change Title

page 89

Define Report

page 144

Clear All

page 158

Default

page 200

Clear Error Queue

page 195

Delete

page 100

Clear Mark

page 158

Delete All

page 154

Clear Title

page 89

Delete All Corrections

Clear Write

page 209

page 63,
page 143

Coarse

page 199

Delete All Limits

page 89,
page 131

Color Capable Yes No

page 176

Delete Corrections

Color On Off

page 176

Color Palette

page 200

page
page
page
page

Connected To Previous
Pt Yes No

page 86,
page 128

Delete Mrkd

page 155

Delete Point

Comment

page 152

Complement

page 159

Continuous Pk On Off

page 166

Copy

page 102

Copy Now

page 102

Corrections

page 53,
page 93,
page 96,
page 101,
page 103,
page 105,
page 131

page
page
page
page
page
page
page
page
page
page

Delete Signal

page 154

Delta

page 115,
page 165

Delta Pair Ref Delta

page 116

page 54,
page 56,
page 59,
page 61

Demod

page 81

Demod Time

page 82

Demod View On Off

page 82

Coupling AC DC

page 113

Det/Demod

page 78

Create Dir

page 106

Detector Auto Man

CSV

page 95

page 66,
page 78

Corrections On Off

Chapter 2

56,
58,
61,
63

56,
58,
60,
63,
87,
129,
135,
137,
140,
142

Front-Panel Key Reference

Key Label

Page
Location

Diagnostics

page 200

Dir Select

page 98

Display

page 84

Display Line On Off

page 84

Edge Gate

page 192

Edge Pos Neg

page 192

Edit

Key Label

Page
Location

Frequency

page 56,
page 59,
page 61,
page 85

page
page
page
page
page
page
page
page
page
page
page

FREQUENCY Channel

page 109

Front Panel Test

page 201

Eject Page

page 176

Full Screen

page 84

EMI Average

page 80

Full Span

page 185

EMI Detector

page 80

Function

Enter

page 91

page 118,
page 165

ESC

page 92

Gate

page 191

Ext Amp Gain

page 64

Gate Delay

page 192

External Pos Neg

page 206

Gate Length

page 192

File

page 93

Gate On Off

page 191

Fine

page 199

Gauss

page 54,
page 133

page 81,
page 81

Graticule On Off

page 90

FM Demod

page 198

Help

page 112

Format

page 95,
page 107

High

page 193

IF Gain Auto Fixed

page 64

Free Run

page 206

Input/Output

page 113

Freq Correct On Off

page 199

Input Z Corr 50 Ω 75 Ω

page 113

Freq Count

page 108

Install

page 203

Freq Interp Log Lin

page 63,
page 87
page 129,
page 142

Int Preamp On Off

page 53

Inverse Time

page 117

Landscape

page 176

Language PCL3 PCL5

page 176

Last Span

page 186

Freq Offset

page 110

Freq Scan On Off

page 149

55,
57,
60,
62,
86,
117,
128,
134,
136,
139,
141

Chapter 2

Front-Panel Key Reference

Key Label

Page
Location

Key Label

Page
Location

Level Gate

page 193

Mark All Dups

page 159

Limit 1 ∆

page 145

Mark Signal

page 158

Limit 2 ∆

page 146

Mark To End

page 159

Limit 1 2

page 84,
page 126

Marker →

page 120

Marker All Off

page 119

Limit 1 On Off

page 145

Marker Count On Off

page 108

Limit 2 On Off

page 145

Marker Noise

Limits

page 84,
page 93,
page 96,
page 99,
page 101,
page 103,
page 105,
page 126

page 118,
page 165

Marker Normal

page 148

Marker Table On Off

page 119

Marker Trace Auto 1 2 3

page 117

Max Hold

page 209

page 88,
page 130

Max Mixer Lvl

page 64

Meas Control

page 121

Line

page 206

Meas at Marker

page 148

List

page 144

Meas Detector

List On Off

page 144

page 143,
page 156

List Comments On Off

page 147

Meas Setup

page 122

List Corr On Off

page 147

Meas To List

page 148

List Detectors

page 145

Meas Tools

page 165

List Limits

page 144

Measure

page 148

List Marked On Off

page 147

Metafile

page 95

Load

page 98

µA/m

page 54,
page 133

Load Defaults

page 199

µV/m

Load Setup

page 122

page 54,
page 133

Local (System)

page 194

Min Hold

page 209

Low

page 193

Min Search

page 166

Man Track Adj

page 184

Mkr → CF

page 120

Margin On Off

page 85

Mkr → CF Step

page 120

Mark All Dups

page 158

Mkr → Ref Lvl

page 120

Limits Fixed Rel

Chapter 2

Front-Panel Key Reference

Key Label

Page
Location

Key Label

Page
Location

Mkr → Start

page 120

Peak Excursn

page 167

Mkr → Stop

page 120

Peak Readout

page 169

Mkr ∆ → Span

page 120

Peak Search

page 165

MODE

page 162

Peak Search Param Max

page 168

Monochrome

page 200

Peak Sort Freq Ampl

page 169

N dB Points On Off

page 166

Peak Table

page 169

Negative Peak

page 78

Peak Table On Off

page 169

Next Peak

page 166

Period

page 117

Next Pk Left

page 166

PhNoise Opt Auto Man

page 66

Next Pk Right

page 166

Pk-Pk Search

page 166

Next Window

page 164

Pk Threshold

page 168

No Conversion

page 54,
page 133

Point

None

page 175

Norm Ref Lvl

page 211

Norm Ref Posn

page 211

Normal

page 115

Normalize

page 210

page
page
page
page
page
page
page
page
page
page

Off

page 80,
page 197

Points

page 193

Portrait

page 176

Operations

page 210

Power On Last Preset

page 195

Optical Filter

page 200

Power On/Preset

page 195

Optimize £(f)

page 66

Power Sweep On Off

page 181

Optimize LO for Fast
Tuning

page 66

Preferences

page 90

Orientation

page 176

Presel Adjust

page 52

Other

page 59,
page 138

Presel Center

page 52

Preset

page 170

54,
57,
59,
62,
85
128,
134,
136,
138,
141

Pause

page 121

page 174

Peak

page 78

Print Setup

page 175

Peak On Off

page 145,
page 146

Printer Type

page 175

Chapter 2

Front-Panel Key Reference

Key Label

Page
Location

Key Label

Page
Location

Prints/Page 1 2

page 176

EMC

page 162

pTesla

page 54,
page 133

Sample

page 78

Save

page 179

QP/Avg Gain X1 X10

page 81

Save Setup

page 122

QP On Off

page 145,
page 146

Save User Preset

page 173

Quasi Peak

page 80

Scale/Div

page 51

Quasi Peak On Off

page 156

Scale Type Log Lin

page 51

Range Dwell

page 143,
page 157

Screen

page 93

Screen On Off

page 144

Readout

page 117

page 165

Ref Lvl Offst

page 53

Search Param

page 167

Ref Level

page 51

Select Marks

page 159

Remote Port

page 199

Select Marker 1 2 3 4

page 117

Rename

page 104

Service

page 204

Remeas All

page 156

Set Date

page 197

Remeas Mrkd

page 156

Set Time

page 196

Remeasure

page 155

Settings

page 147

Report

page 94,
page 97,
page 100,
page 102,
page 103,
page 105

Setup

page 93

Show Errors

page 194

Show Hdwr

page 200

Show System

page 199

Resolution Auto Man

page 108

Signal List

Resolution BW
EMI Man SA

page 73

Restart

page 121,
page 177

Restore Sys Defaults

page 201

page
page
page
page
page
page
page
page

94,
97,
99,
101,
103,
105,
149,
158

Return

page 178

Signal List On Off

Reverse Bitmap

page 95

Reverse Metafile

page 95

page
page
page
page

149,
152,
154,
155

RF (Ext Cable)

page 198

Signal Marking

page 158

Chapter 2

Front-Panel Key Reference

Key Label

Page
Location

Key Label

Page
Location

Signal Track On Off

page 110

Trig Type Edge Level

page 192

Single Sweep

page 180

Tune

page 148

Sort Signals

page 152

Type Upper Lower

Source

page 181

page 84,
page 126

Span

page 185

User

page 61,
page 140

Span Pair Span Center

page 116

User Preset

page 173

Span X Scale

page 185

VBW/RBW Auto Man

page 76

Span Zoom

page 185

Verbose SCPI On Off

page 195

Speaker On Off

page 82

Video Avg

Standby

page 189

page 71,
page 75

Start Freq

page 109

Video

page 206

State

page 93

Video BW Auto Man

page 74

Stop Freq

page 109

View

page 81,
page 209

Sweep

page 190

Trace/View

page 209

Sweep Cont Single

page 191

Viewing Angle

page 213

Sweep Time Auto Man

page 190

Vision Impair 1

page 200

Swp Coupling SR SA

page 191

Vision Impair 2

page 200

System (Local)

page 194

X Axis Units Freq Time

Test On Off

page 85

page 88,
page 130

TG (Ext Cable)

page 198

Y Axis Units

page 52

Time

page 117

Zero Span

page 185

Time/Date

page 196

Zone

page 186

Time/Date On Off

page 196

Zone Center

page 187

Time Base

page 199

Zone On Off

page 186

Title

page 89

Zone Pk Left

page 188

Trace

page 209

Zone Pk Right

page 188

Trace 1 2 3

page 209

Zone Span

page 188

Tracking Peak

page 184

Zoom

page 214

Trig

page 206

Trig Delay On Off

page 206

Chapter 2

Front-Panel Key Reference
AMPLITUDE Y Scale

AMPLITUDE Y Scale
Activates the reference level function and accesses the amplitude menu
keys. Amplitude menu keys allow you to set functions that affect the
way data on the vertical axis is displayed or corrected.
Ref Level

Allows the reference level to be changed. This function is activated
when AMPLITUDE Y Scale is pressed. The reference level is the
amplitude power or voltage represented by the top graticule on the
display. Changing the value of the reference level changes the absolute
amplitude level (in the selected amplitude units) of the top graticule
line. The reference level can be changed using the step keys, the knob,
or the numeric keypad. Pressing any digit (0 through 9) on the numeric
keypad brings up the terminator menu.
Key Access: AMPLITUDE / Y Scale

Attenuation
Auto Man

Sets the input attenuation to manual or automatic and allows you to set
the attenuation level in 5 dB increments when Attenuation (Man) is
selected. The analyzer input attenuator, which is normally coupled to
the reference level control, reduces the power level of the analyzer input
signal at the input mixer. The attenuator is recoupled when Attenuation
(Auto) is selected. Attenuation can be changed using the step keys, the
knob, or the numeric keypad. To select 0 dB, the numeric keypad must
be used (except for E7401A.)
Key Access: AMPLITUDE / Y Scale

CAUTION

To prevent damage to the input mixer, do not exceed a power level of
+30 dBm at the input. To prevent signal compression, keep the power at
the input mixer below 0 dBm. With the attenuator set to Auto, a signal
at or below the reference level will result in a mixer level at or below
the Max Mixer Lvl.

Scale/Div

Sets the logarithmic units per vertical graticule division on the display.
The Scale/Div function is only available when the Scale Type key is set to
Log. Scale/Div values may range from 0.1 to 20 dB per division With
Demod View (On) selected, the range is 1 kHz to 240 kHz/div.
Key Access: AMPLITUDE / Y Scale

Scale Type
Log Lin

Scales the vertical graticule divisions in logarithmic units when Log is
underlined. Logarithmic units may range from 0.1 to 20 dB per
division. When Lin is underlined, the vertical divisions are linearly
scaled and the default amplitude units are volts. The top of the display
is set to the reference-level value and the bottom graticule becomes zero
volts. (Each division of the graticule is one-tenth of the reference level
in volts.) Pressing Scale Type always sets the units specified for the

Chapter 2

Front-Panel Key Reference
AMPLITUDE Y Scale

current amplitude scale. When Power On is set to Preset and Preset Type
is set to Factory, pressing Preset or powering on the analyzer sets the
default units.
Key Access: AMPLITUDE / Y Scale
Presel Center

Agilent E7403A, E7404A, and E7405A only. Adjusts the frequency of
the preselector filter (above 2.85 GHz) to optimize the amplitude
accuracy at the active marker frequency. If activated in a
non-preselected band, Presel Center does nothing.
Preselector center should be used to improve amplitude accuracy for
signals which fall into any one of the harmonic mixing bands. The
harmonic mixing bands Frequency Ranges are:
Band

Frequency Range

2.85 - 6.7 GHz

6.2 - 13.2 GHz

12.8 - 19.2 GHz

18.7 - 26.5 GHz

Key Access: AMPLITUDE / Y Scale
Presel Adjust

Agilent E7403A, E7404A, and E7405A only. Allows manual adjustment
of the preselector frequency to optimize its response on the signal of
interest.
By changing the Presel Adjust, the center of the preselector filter can be
moved in frequency. The signal of interest will appear to change in
amplitude with the frequency response of the preselector filter.
Key Access: AMPLITUDE / Y Scale

Y Axis Units

Accesses the menu keys that change the amplitude units. Amplitude
units are maintained for both logarithmic and linear modes. The
amplitude units can be changed by pressing dBm , dBmV, dBµV, dBµA,
Watts, Volts, and Amps. This key is unavailable when FM Demod and
Demod View are on.
Key Access: AMPLITUDE Y Scale, More

Chapter 2

Front-Panel Key Reference
AMPLITUDE Y Scale
Ref Lvl Offst

Adds an offset value to the displayed reference level. Reference-level
offsets are only entered by using the numeric keypad. Entering an
offset does not affect the trace or the attenuation value. Reference-level
offsets are used when gain or loss occurs between a device under test
and the analyzer input. Thus, the signal level measured by the analyzer
may be referred to as the level at the input of an external
amplitude-conversion device. When an amplitude offset is entered, its
value appears on the left side of the display under Offst (as opposed to
frequency offsets which appear at the bottom of the display). To
eliminate an offset, press Ref Lvl Offst, 0, dB. When Preset Type is set to
Factory, pressing Preset also sets the offset to zero. See also the Ext Amp
Gain key description.
Key Access: AMPLITUDE Y Scale, More

Int Preamp
On Off

Turns the internal preamp on and off. Pressing Int Preamp (On) results
in a correction being applied to compensate for the gain of the preamp
so that amplitude readings show the value at the input connector.
When the preamp is on, a PA indication appears on the left side of the
display. The preamp is switched off in frequency bands above 3 GHz
and the correction is not applied. In this case, the PA indication will still
appear even though the preamp is not activated.
The preamp is specified to operate over a 1 MHz to 3 GHz range for the
E7402A, E7403A, E7404A and E7405A. The preamp range for the
E7401A is 100 kHz to 1.5 GHz.
Key Access: AMPLITUDE Y Scale, More

Corrections

Accesses the Corrections menu keys which allow you to enable the
corrections function and to select which set of correction factors you
wish to modify.
Key Access: AMPLITUDE Y Scale, More
Apply Corrections
Pressing Apply Corrections (Yes) turns on the
Yes No

amplitude-correction factors. Corrections will only be
applied to the sets of correction factors whose correction
state is set to On. To turn a set of correction factors on,
use the Correction On Off key in the Antenna, Cable,
Other, or User menus. When Apply Corrections (Yes) is
selected, an A will appear on the screen annotation
whether or not a correction set has been turned on
using the Correction (On) key in the Antenna, Cable,
Other, or User menus.
Key Access: AMPLITUDE / Y Scale, More, Corrections
Antenna

Chapter 2

Accesses the Antenna menu of keys which allow you to
correct for antenna loss, but may be used for any kind
of correction.

Front-Panel Key Reference
AMPLITUDE Y Scale

Key Access: AMPLITUDE / Y Scale, More, Corrections
Correction On Off Turns the amplitude correction

function on or off for the selected set.
The corrections state must be set to On
for the correction to be applied.
Key Access: AMPLITUDE / Y Scale, More,
Corrections, Antenna
NOTE

Antenna, Cable, and Other correction factors are generally entered as
positive values. This indicates a loss in the external device. User
correction factors are typically entered as negative values which
indicate a gain in the external device.
Antenna Units

Accesses the antenna measurement
units menu. You can choose pTesla,
Gauss, µV/m, µA/m or No Conversion as a
measurement unit. Antenna Units is
active only when Antenna is chosen
from the Select list, otherwise it is
grayed out.
Key Access: AMPLITUDE Y Scale, More,
Corrections, Antenna

Edit

Accesses menu keys that allow you to
create and edit an amplitude-correction
factor set. It puts the analyzer into a
split-screen mode where the correction
data is displayed in a table under the
trace data. Pressing ESC while in this
menu will exit the menu and remove
the table from the screen. New points
will be applied only after the editor is
closed. The Tab keys are very useful for
navigation between rows in the
corrections table.
Key Access: AMPLITUDE Y Scale, More,
Corrections, Antenna
Point

Chapter 2

Front-Panel Key Reference
AMPLITUDE Y Scale

errors. After selecting a point,
Frequency becomes active.
Key Access: AMPLITUDE Y Scale, More,
Corrections, Antenna, Edit
Frequency

Allows you to enter the frequency value
for an amplitude-correction point.
Enter the frequency value by using the
numeric keypad. Change the frequency
value by using the step keys or the
knob. Press Bk Sp to correct errors.
After selecting a point, Amplitude
becomes active.
A frequency coordinate must always be
specified for amplitude-correction
factors.
Key Access: AMPLITUDE Y Scale, More,
Corrections, Antenna, Edit
NOTE

The amplitude correction entered for the lowest frequency will be
applied to all frequencies less than the lowest frequency entered.
Similarly, the amplitude correction for the highest frequency entered
will be applied to all frequencies greater than the highest frequency
entered.

NOTE

For amplitude-correction factors, a maximum of two entries with the
same frequency are valid. Only the first and last points of a series with
the same frequency values are used; any middle points are ignored.

NOTE

Amplitude-correction data is sorted in the table by frequency. The
sorting occurs immediately after you have entered the frequency value
via the front-panel.
Amplitude

Allows you to enter the amplitude
value for the current
amplitude-correction point. After
selecting a point, the point number
automatically increments and
Frequency becomes active to allow entry
of the frequency of the next point. Press
Bk Sp to correct errors.
Key Access: AMPLITUDE Y Scale, More,
Corrections, Antenna, Edit

Chapter 2

Front-Panel Key Reference
AMPLITUDE Y Scale
Delete Point

Allows you to delete the
amplitude-correction data for the
currently selected point. The prompt If
you are sure, press key again to
delete will appear on the display.
Pressing Delete Point again will delete
the point and adjust all of the point
numbers as appropriate.
Key Access: AMPLITUDE Y Scale, More,
Corrections, Antenna, Edit
Delete Correction Allows you to clear all data from the

selected amplitude-correction set. The
prompt If you are sure, press key
again to delete will appear on the
display. Pressing Delete again will
delete the correction set.
Key Access: AMPLITUDE Y Scale, More,
Corrections, Antenna
Cable

Allows you to correct for cable loss, but may be used for
any kind of correction.
Key Access: AMPLITUDE / Y Scale, More, Corrections
Correction On Off Turns the amplitude correction

function on or off for the selected set.
The corrections state must be set to On
for the correction to be applied.
Key Access: AMPLITUDE / Y Scale, More,
Corrections, Cable
NOTE

Chapter 2

Front-Panel Key Reference
AMPLITUDE Y Scale

navigation between rows in the
corrections table.
Key Access: AMPLITUDE Y Scale, More,
Corrections, Cable
Point

Allows you to create or edit an
amplitude-correction factor data point.
Up to 200 points may be defined for
each set. Enter the point number to be
created or edited by using the numeric
keypad, then press Enter, or use the
knob, tab, or step keys to move to an
existing point. Press Bk Sp to correct
errors. After selecting a point,
Frequency becomes active.
Key Access: AMPLITUDE Y Scale, More,
Corrections, Cable, Edit
Frequency

Chapter 2

Front-Panel Key Reference
AMPLITUDE Y Scale

NOTE

Amplitude-correction data is sorted in the table by frequency. The
sorting occurs immediately after you have entered the frequency value
via the front-panel.
Amplitude

Allows you to delete the
amplitude-correction data for the
currently selected point. The prompt If
you are sure, press key again to
delete will appear on the display.
Pressing Delete Point again will delete
the point and adjust all of the point
numbers as appropriate.
Key Access: AMPLITUDE Y Scale, More,
Corrections, Cable, Edit
Delete Correction Allows you to clear all data from the

Chapter 2

Front-Panel Key Reference
AMPLITUDE Y Scale
Other

Allows you to correct for gain or loss other than for
antenna, cable, or user.
Key Access: AMPLITUDE / Y Scale, More, Corrections
Correction On Off Turns the amplitude correction

function on or off for the selected set.
The corrections state must be set to On
for the correction to be applied.
Key Access: Amplitude Y Scale, More,
Corrections, Other
NOTE

Chapter 2

Front-Panel Key Reference
AMPLITUDE Y Scale
Frequency

NOTE

Amplitude-correction data is sorted in the table by frequency. The
sorting occurs immediately after you have entered the frequency value
via the front-panel.
Amplitude

Chapter 2

Front-Panel Key Reference
AMPLITUDE Y Scale

Allows you to delete the
amplitude-correction data for the
currently selected point. The prompt If
you are sure, press key again to
delete will appear on the display.
Pressing Delete Point again will delete
the point and adjust all of the point
numbers as appropriate.
Key Access: AMPLITUDE Y Scale, More,
Corrections, Other, Edit
Delete Correction Allows you to clear all data from the

Allows you to correct for gain or loss and may be used
for any type of correction.
Key Access: AMPLITUDE / Y Scale, More, Corrections
Correction On Off Turns the amplitude correction

function on or off for the selected set.
The corrections state must be set to On
for the correction to be applied.
Key Access: AMPLITUDE / Y Scale, More,
Corrections, User
NOTE

Chapter 2

Front-Panel Key Reference
AMPLITUDE Y Scale

Key Access: AMPLITUDE Y Scale, More,
Corrections, User
Point

NOTE

Amplitude-correction data is sorted in the table by frequency. The
sorting occurs immediately after you have entered the frequency value
via the front-panel.

Chapter 2

Front-Panel Key Reference
AMPLITUDE Y Scale
Amplitude

Allows you to delete the
amplitude-correction data for the
currently selected point. The prompt If
you are sure, press key again to
delete will appear on the display.
Pressing Delete Point again will delete
the point and adjust all of the point
numbers as appropriate.
Key Access: AMPLITUDE Y Scale, More,
Corrections, User, Edit
Delete Correction Allows you to clear all data from the

Allows you to determine how trace values are computed
between points in a correction table. If the linear mode
is selected, a straight line is used between points in a
correction table. If the logarithmic mode is selected,
frequency values between points are computed by first
taking the logarithm of both table values and the
intermediate value.
Key Access: AMPLITUDE Y Scale, More, Corrections, More

Delete all Corrections Allows you to delete all amplitude-correction sets.

Key Access: AMPLITUDE Y Scale, More, Corrections, More

Chapter 2

Front-Panel Key Reference
AMPLITUDE Y Scale
Ext Amp Gain

Adds a positive or negative preamplifier gain value, which is subtracted
from the displayed signal. (Use negative values for gain and positive
values for loss.) The function is similar to the Ref Lvl Offset function,
however with the Ext Amp Gain function, the attenuation may be
changed depending on the preamplifier gain entered. A preamplifier
gain offset is used for measurements that require an external
preamplifier or long cables. The offset is subtracted from the amplitude
readout so that the displayed signal level represents the signal level at
the input of the preamplifier. The preamplifier gain offset is displayed
at the top of the screen and is removed by entering zero. The
preamplifier gain offset can only be entered using the numeric keypad.
The preamplifier gain value is not affected by an instrument preset or a
power cycle.
Key Access: AMPLITUDE Y Scale, More

Max Mixer Lvl

Allows you to change the maximum input mixer level from 6.99 dBµV
to 116.99 dBµV (10 dBm to −100 dBm) in 10 dB steps using the step
keys, and 1 dB steps using the knob. In addition, you may use the
keypad to specify a value. (The default unit of measure is dBµV,
however you can change the unit of measure by first pressing Y Axis
Units key and selecting the appropriate key.) The mixer level is equal to
the reference level minus the attenuator setting. As the reference level
changes, the input attenuator setting is changed to keep the power
levels of on-screen signals less than the selected level at the input
mixer. When Preset Type is set to Factory, pressing Preset resets the
maximum input mixer level to 97 dBµV.
Key Access: AMPLITUDE Y Scale, More

IF Gain
Auto Fixed

When using digital resolution bandwidths (RBW < 1 kHz), the analyzer
uses IF Gain autoranging to set the optimum signal gain for digital
processing. This technique produces the maximum measurement range
without overloading the digital system. To increase measurement
speed, select IF Gain (Fixed). This setting decreases the display range to
70 dB, so you may have to adjust the reference level to ensure complete
view of the signal.
Key Access: Amplitude, More, More

Chapter 2

Front-Panel Key Reference
Auto Couple

Auto Couple
Accesses the menus to couple functions in your analyzer. Coupled
functions are functions that are linked.
Auto All

Auto-couples all coupled functions. If Auto All is pressed all coupled
functions are set to Auto.
Coupled functions are functions that are linked. If one function is
changed, the coupled function is changed. During normal operation,
resolution bandwidth, video bandwidth, and sweep time are coupled to
center frequency.
If any of these functions become uncoupled (is set to manual), a # sign
appears next to the screen annotation representing the function on the
screen. If one or more functions are manually set so that the amplitude
or frequency becomes uncalibrated “Meas Uncal” appears on the top
right side of the graticule.
To recouple the analyzer functions, the uncoupled function(s) must be
individually set back to Auto. Or, you can press Auto All to return all of
the functions to their default auto state. Pressing Auto All will couple
the following functions:
• For normal operation with EMI resolution bandwidths, the
intermediate frequency bandwidth couples to the center frequency of
a given span. With SA resolution bandwidth, the intermediate
frequency bandwidth couples to the current span. However, pressing
Auto All always couples the analyzer with the appropriate EMI
resolution bandwidth for the center frequency of the given span.
• Video bandwidth couples to resolution bandwidth. A video
bandwidth to resolution bandwidth ratio of 3.0 is maintained when
EMI resolution bandwidths are selected. The ratio is 1.0 when SA
resolution bandwidths are selected.
• Sweep time will couple to the span, resolution bandwidth, and video
bandwidth.
• Detector (Auto) is set.
• Avg Type (Auto) is set.
• PHNoise Opt (Auto) is set.
• RF attenuation couples to reference level.
• Center frequency step size will couple to 10% of span.
• Sweep coupling (SR/SA) will couple back to SA mode.
• Source attenuation couples to source amplitude.
• Source power step couples to one vertical scale division.

Chapter 2

Front-Panel Key Reference
Auto Couple

Key Access: Auto Couple
NOTE

Although Marker Count, Gate Time, and Marker Trace have Auto settings,
they are not affected by Auto All.

PhNoise Opt
Auto Man

Chooses the LO (local oscillator) phase noise behavior that is optimum
for measurement accuracy.
Key Access: Auto Couple
Auto

Allows the analyzer to automatically select a LO phase
noise behavior that is optimum for the selected span
and RBW. The Auto rules choose Fast Tuning whenever
the span is >10 MHz otherwise the Auto rules choose
Optimize £(f).
Key Access: Auto Couple, PhNoise Opt Auto Man

Optimize £(f)

Optimizes for LO phase noise.
Key Access: Auto Couple, PhNoise Opt Auto Man

Optimize LO for Fast Tuning The LO behavior compromises phase noise

within approximately 10 MHz of the carrier. This
allows rapid measurement throughput when changing
the center frequency or span.
Key Access: Auto Couple, PhNoise Opt Auto Man

Detector Auto Man Selects a specific detector, or in Auto, picks the appropriate detector for

a particular measurement.
When discussing detectors, it is important to understand the concept of
a trace “bucket.” For every trace point displayed, there is a finite time
during which the data for that point is collected. The analyzer has the
ability to look at all of the data collected during that time and present a
single point of trace data based on the detector mode. We call the
interval during which the data for that trace point is being collected,
the “bucket.” Thus a trace is more than a series of single points. It is
actually a series of trace “buckets.” The data may be sampled many
times within each bucket.
Selecting Detector (Auto) and BW/Avg, Average (On) changes the detector.
The Auto choice depends on marker functions, trace functions, and the
trace averaging function. If a marker function or measurement is
running, the Auto choice of detector is either Average or Sample. When
one of the detectors (such as Average) is manually selected instead of
Auto, that detector is used regardless of other analyzer settings.

Chapter 2

Front-Panel Key Reference
Auto Couple

The Average detector displays the average of the signal within the
bucket. The averaging method depends upon Avg Type selection
(Video or RMS).
The Peak detector displays the maximum of the signal within the
bucket.
The Sample detector displays the instantaneous level of the signal at
the time of the sampling.
The Negative Peak detector displays the minimum of the signal within
the bucket.
Neither average nor sample detectors measure amplitudes of CW
signals as accurately as peak, because they may not find a spectral
component’s true peak, but they do measure noise without the biases of
peak detection.
The detector in use is indicated on the left side of the display. A # will
appear next to it if the detector has been manually selected.
Key Access: Auto Couple
Auto

The system selects peak detection as the default, but if
a condition arises where a different type of detection
scheme provides greater accuracy, the system will use
the alternate scheme. For example, when using the
Marker Noise function, Auto mode selects Average
detection for Res BWs > 300 Hz and Sample for
Res BWs ≤ 300 Hz as shown in Figure 2-1.
Key Access: Auto Couple, Detector Auto Man

Chapter 2

Front-Panel Key Reference
Auto Couple

Figure 2-1 Detector (Auto) Selection Flowchart

Chapter 2

Front-Panel Key Reference
Auto Couple
Average

Allows you to select between video and power (RMS)
averaging, via the Average Type key.
Average detection is used when measuring the average
value of the amplitude across each trace interval
(bucket). The averaging method used by the Average
detector will be set to either Video or Power as
appropriate when the Average Type is Auto coupled or
may be set explicitly through the BW/Avg, Avg Type Auto
Man key.
Video Average detection computes the averaged trace
interval as appropriate to the Y-axis scale:
• Log-power average when in log scale.
• Voltage average when in linear scale.
• Frequency deviation when Demod View is enabled
for FM Demod.
Power Average (“root mean square” or RMS) detection
computes the RMS of the samples collected across the
trace interval. The number of samples included in the
RMS average for each trace interval depends on the
sweep time and the resolution bandwidth. Slower
sweep times also increase the number of samples
averaged for each trace interval.
When Average is selected, Avg appears on the left side
of the display.
Key Access: Auto Couple, Detector Auto Man

Peak

Enables positive peak detection which displays the
maximum video signal detected during a sampling
interval. EMI measurements usually call for positive
peak detection. Peak detection is selected at power on
or by pressing Preset. When Peak detection is selected,
Peak appears in the upper-left corner of the screen.
Key Access: Auto Couple, Detector Auto Man

Sample

Chapter 2

Sample detection is used primarily to display noise or
noise-like signals. This detection should not be used to
make the most accurate amplitude measurement of non
noise-like signals. In sample mode, the instantaneous
signal value at the present display point is placed in
memory. When Sample detection is selected, Samp
appears in the upper-left corner of the display.

Front-Panel Key Reference
Auto Couple

Key Access: Auto Couple, Detector Auto Man

Negative Peak

Negative peak detection functions the same as peak
detection, but selects the minimum video signal value.
This detection should not be used to make the most
accurate amplitude measurements of signals. When
Negative Peak is selected, NPeak appears in the
upper-left corner of the screen.
Key Access: Auto Couple, Detector Auto Man

Avg Type
Auto Man

Accesses the functions to automatically or manually choose from one of
the following averaging scales: Video or Power (RMS).

NOTE

If video averaging is selected, the measurement results are the average
of the signal level in the y-axis scale. If the power average (RMS) is
selected, all measured results are converted into power units before
averaging and filtering operations, and converted back to decibels for
displaying. The main point to remember is that there can be significant
differences between the average of the log of power and the log of the
average power.
There are actually four types of averaging processes within a spectrum
analyzer. All, except VBW filtering, are affected by this setting. They
are:
• Trace averaging (see BW/Avg, Average (On)).
Averages signal amplitudes on a trace-to-trace basis. (The type of
averaging (Video or Power (RMS)) is selected by pressing BW/Avg,
Avg Type.)
• Average detector (see Det/Demod, Detector, Average (Video/RMS)).
Averages signal amplitudes during the time or frequency interval
represented by a particular measurement point. The method is
determined by selection of either Video or RMS.
• Noise Marker (see Marker, Noise)
Averages signal amplitudes across measurement points to reduce
variations for noisy signals.
• VBW filtering.
Filtering the video is a form of averaging the video signal.

Chapter 2

Front-Panel Key Reference
Auto Couple

When trace average is on (BW/Avg, Average (On), the Average Type is
shown on the left side of the display. When Avg Type (Auto) is selected,
the analyzer chooses the type of averaging to be used as shown in
Figure 2-2. When one of the average types is selected manually, the
analyzer uses that type without regard to the other analyzer settings
and sets Avg Type to Man.
Figure 2-2

Auto Rules for Average Type

Key Access: Auto Couple
Video Avg

Video averaging averages the data as appropriate for
the y-axis scale. When Avg Type, Video Avg is selected,
VAvg appears on the left side of the analyzer display if
Average is On.
Key Access: Auto Couple, Avg Type

Pwr Avg

Power averaging is performed by converting the trace
data from logarithmic to linear power units, and then
averaging the power trace data. When Avg Type, Pwr
Avg is selected, PAvg appears on the left side of the
analyzer display if Average is On.
Key Access: Auto Couple, Avg Type

Chapter 2

Front-Panel Key Reference
Bk Sp (Backspace)

Bk Sp (Backspace)
The backspace key is located on the front panel and is used to change or
correct an active function entry or a text entry before you save to a file.

Chapter 2

Front-Panel Key Reference
BW/Avg

BW/Avg
Activates the resolution bandwidth function and accesses the menu
keys that control the bandwidth functions and averaging.
Res BW
EMI Man SA

This key allows you to set the resolution bandwidth as the active
function and choose between EMI, Man, or SA. When Res BW (EMI) is
chosen, the bandwidths are “autocoupled” to the center frequency of the
analyzer. The relationships are:

Table 2-1
Frequency Range

Resolution Bandwidth

9 kHz to 150 kHz

200 Hz

150 kHz to 30 MHz

9 kHz

30 MHz to 1 GHz

120 kHz

1 GHz to 26.5 GHz

1 MHz

When Res BW (Man) is chosen, the bandwidths are chosen by the user
and ranges from 10 Hz to 5 MHz in a 1, 3, 10 sequence using the knob
or step keys. If an unavailable bandwidth is entered using the numeric
keypad, the closest available bandwidth in the 1, 3, 10 sequence is used.
This bandwidth will be used no matter what the other settings of the
analyzer are.
NOTE

For firmware revision A.08.00 and later, the bandwidth range is from
1 Hz to 5 MHz if you have Option 1D5.
A “#” mark appears next to Res BW on the display when it is not
coupled. To recouple the resolution bandwidth, press Res BW (EMI) or
Res BW (SA) (or press Auto Couple, Auto All). The resolution bandwidth
can be changed using the step keys, the knob, or the numeric keypad.
When Res BW (SA) is chosen, the bandwidths are autocoupled to span.
Key Access: BW/Avg

120 kHz

Softkey that sets the intermediate frequency bandwidth (ResBW) of
120 kHz. This bandwidth is used when performing electromagnetic
interference (EMI) measurements in CISPR Band C and D (30 MHz
-1 GHz).
Key Access: BW/Avg

9 kHz

Softkey that sets the intermediate frequency bandwidth (ResBW) of
9 kHz. This bandwidth is used when performing electromagnetic
interference (EMI) measurements in CISPR Band B (150 kHz-30 MHz).

Chapter 2

Front-Panel Key Reference
BW/Avg

Key Access: BW/Avg
200 Hz

Softkey that sets the intermediate frequency bandwidth (ResBW) of
200 Hz. This bandwidth is used when performing electromagnetic
interference (EMI) measurements in CISPR Band A (9 kHz-150 kHz).
Key Access: BW/Avg

Video BW
Auto Man

Changes the analyzer post-detection filter from 1 Hz to 3 MHz in a 1, 3,
10 sequence using the knob, step keys, or the numeric keypad. If an
unavailable bandwidth is entered using the numeric keypad, the closest
available bandwidth in the 1, 3, 10 sequence is used. Video Bandwidth
settings are available from 1 Hz to 3 MHz for Resolution Bandwidth
settings less than or equal to 300 Hz and from 30 Hz to 3 MHz for
Resolution Bandwidth settings greater than or equal to 1 kHz.
As the video bandwidth is decreased, the sweep time is increased to
maintain amplitude calibration. A “#” mark appears next to VBW on
the bottom of the analyzer display when it is not coupled. To couple the
video bandwidth, press Video BW (Auto) (or press Auto All).
Key Access: BW/Avg

Average
On Off

Initiates a digital averaging routine that averages the trace points in a
number of successive sweeps resulting in trace “smoothing”. The
number of sweeps (average number) can be selected. Increasing the
average number will further smooth the trace. The type of averaging
used is selected by pressing BW/Avg, Avg Type.
The average is restarted when any of the following occurs:
• a new average number is entered.
• any measurement related parameter (e.g., Center Frequency) is
changed.
• Restart is pressed.
• Single Sweep is pressed.
When in Single Sweep, the specified number of averages is taken, then
the sweep stops. When in continuous sweep, the specified number of
averages is taken, then the averaging continues with each new sweep
1
- and the old average reduced
averaged in with a weight of ---------------------------------------Average Number

1
- .
by multiplying it by  Average Number – ---------------------------------------
Average Number

To turn off averaging, press Average (Off). The number of sweeps can
only be entered using the numeric keypad, not the knob or step keys.
Key Access: BW/Avg
Avg Type
Auto Man

Accesses the functions to automatically or manually choose from one of
the following averaging scales: Video or Power (RMS).

Chapter 2

Front-Panel Key Reference
BW/Avg

NOTE

If video averaging is selected, the measurement results are the average
of the signal level in the y-axis scale. If the power average (RMS) is
selected, all measured results are converted into power units before
averaging and filtering operations, and converted back to decibels for
displaying. The main point to remember is that there can be significant
differences between the average of the log of power and the log of the
average power.
There are actually four types of averaging processes within a spectrum
analyzer. All, except VBW filtering, are affected by this setting. They
are:
• Trace averaging (see BW/Avg).
Averages signal amplitudes on a trace-to-trace basis. (Press Video or
Power (RMS) when Avg Type (Man) is selected.)
• Average detector (see Detector, Average).
Averages signal amplitudes during the time or frequency interval
represented by a particular measurement point.
• Noise Marker (see Marker, Noise)
Averages signal amplitudes across measurement points to reduce
variations for noisy signals.
• VBW filtering.
Filtering the video is a form of averaging the video signal.
When trace average is on (BW/Avg, Average (On), the Average Type is
shown on the left side of the display. When Avg Type (Auto) is selected,
the analyzer chooses the type of averaging to be used as shown in
Figure 2-2 on page 71. When one of the average types is selected
manually, the analyzer uses that type without regard to the other
analyzer settings and sets Avg Type to Man.
Key Access: BW/Avg
Video Avg

Pwr Avg

Chapter 2

Front-Panel Key Reference
BW/Avg
VBW/RBW
Auto Man

Selects the ratio between the video and resolution bandwidths. If signal
responses near the noise level are visually masked by the noise, the
ratio can be set to less than 1 to lower the noise. The knob and step keys
change the ratio in a 1, 3, 10 sequence. When Preset Type is set to
Factory and Preset is pressed or Auto Couple, Auto All have been selected,
the ratio is set to 1.000 X. The ratio can be changed using the step keys,
knob, or numeric keypad. When VBW/RBW (Auto) is selected, the ratio is
determined by the rules in Figure 2-3.

Figure 2-3

VBW/RBW Ratio Auto Rules

Key Access: BW/Avg, More

Chapter 2

Front-Panel Key Reference
BW/Avg
1 MHz BW Type
Selects 1 MHz resolution bandwidth (ResBW). FCC regulations specify
Impulse 6 dB 3 dB 6 dB 1 MHz RBW for measurements above 1 GHz. CISPR regulations

(1999) specify 1 MHz IMPULSE RBW. Spectrum analyzers use
3 dB RBW.
Key Access: BW/Avg, More

Chapter 2

Front-Panel Key Reference
Det/Demod

Det/Demod
Accesses the menu keys controlling detector functions, demodulation
functions, and the speaker.
NOTE

The FM Demod internal circuitry must be aligned before use. Press
System, Alignments, Align Now, FM Demod.

Detector Auto Man

Selects a specific detector, or uses the system to pick the appropriate
detector (through Auto) for a particular measurement.
When discussing detectors, it is important to understand the concept of
a trace “bucket.” For every trace point displayed, there is a finite time
during which the data for that point is collected. The analyzer has the
ability to look at all of the data collected during that time and present a
single point of trace data based on the detector mode. We call the
interval during which the data for that trace point is being collected,
the “bucket.” Thus a trace is more than a series of single points. It is
actually a series of trace “buckets.” The data may be sampled many
times within each bucket.
When the detector choice is Auto, selecting trace averaging (BW/Avg,
Average (On)) changes the detector. The Auto choice depends on marker
functions, trace functions, and the trace averaging function. If a marker
function or measurement is running, the Auto choice of detector is
either Average or Sample. When one of the detectors (such as Average) is
manually selected instead of Auto, that detector is used without regard
to other analyzer settings.
The Average detector displays the average of the signal within the
bucket. The averaging method depends upon Avg Type selection
(Video or RMS).
The Sample detector displays the instantaneous level of the signal at
the center of the bucket represented by each display point.
The Peak detector displays the maximum of the signal within the
bucket.
The Negative Peak detector displays the minimum of the signal within
the bucket.
Neither average nor sample detectors measure amplitudes of CW
signals as accurately as peak, because they may not find a spectral
component’s true peak, but they do measure noise without the biases of
peak detection.
The detector in use is indicated on the left side of the display. A # will
appear next to it if the detector has been manually selected.
Key Access: Det/Demod

Chapter 2

Front-Panel Key Reference
Det/Demod
Auto

The system selects peak detection as the default, but if
a condition arises where a different type of detection
scheme should be better utilized, the system will use
the alternate scheme. For example, the Marker Noise
function uses Average detection when in Auto mode
because the system determines that the data will be
more accurate for noise-type signals.
Key Access: Det/Demod, Detector Auto Man

Average

Average detection is used when measuring the average
value of the amplitude across each trace interval
(bucket). The averaging method used by the Average
detector will be set to either Video or Power as
appropriate when the Average Type is Auto coupled or
may be set explicitly through the BW/Avg, Avg Type Auto
Man key.
Video Average detection computes the averaged trace
interval as appropriate to the Y-axis scale:
• Log-power average when in log scale.
• Voltage average when in linear scale.
• Frequency deviation when Demod View is enabled
for FM Demod.
Power Average (“root mean square” or RMS) detection
computes the RMS of the samples collected across the
trace interval. The number of samples included in the
RMS average for each trace interval depends on the
sweep time and the resolution bandwidth. Slower
sweep times also increase the number of samples
averaged for each trace interval.
When Average is selected, Avg appears on the left side
of the display.
Key Access: Det/Demod, Detector Auto Man

Peak

Enables positive peak detection which displays the
maximum video signal detected during a sampling
interval. Peak detection is selected at power on or by
pressing Preset when Preset Type is set to Factory and
Power On is set to Preset. When Peak detection is
selected, Peak appears in the upper-left corner of the
screen.
Key Access: Det/Demod, Detector Auto Man

Chapter 2

Front-Panel Key Reference
Det/Demod
Sample

Negative Peak

Negative peak detection functions the same as peak
detection, but selects the minimum video signal value.
This detection should not be used to make the most
accurate amplitude measurements of signals. When
Negative Peak is selected, NPk appears in the upper-left
corner of the screen.
Key Access: Det/Demod, Detector Auto Man

EMI Detector

Accesses the Detector menu keys which allow you to select Quasi-Peak
or EMI Average detection. It also allows you to restore settings for
reference level and scale type after a Quasi-Peak or EMI Average
measurement. The QP/Avg xGain and View keys are active when either
Quasi Peak or EMI Average is selected.
Key Access: Det/Demod
Quasi Peak

Enables quasi-peak detection which weights the
peak-detected amplitude using specific charge,
discharge, and meter time constants as described in
CISPR Publication 16. The effect of this detector
depends on the characteristics and repetition rate of
the input signal.
When the detector is selected, the analyzer is placed in
linear amplitude detection mode and the appropriate
detector is turned on. The system settings are
optimized to accurately measure the amplitude.
When quasi-peak is selected, QPeak appears in the
upper-left corner of the screen and quasi-peak is turned
on in the EMI Detector menu.
Key Access: Det/Demod, EMI Detector

EMI Average

Turns EMI average detector On or Off. When the
detector is selected, the analyzer is placed in linear
amplitude detection mode and the appropriate detector
is turned on. The system settings are optimized to
accurately measure the amplitude.
Key Access: Det/Demod, EMI Detector

Off

Turns EMI detectors On or Off.

Chapter 2

Front-Panel Key Reference
Det/Demod

Key Access: Det/Demod, EMI Detector
View
Pk QP/Avg

Selects which view to display.
Key Access: Det/Demod, EMI Detector

QP/Avg Gain
x1 x10

Turns the linear x10 Gain stage in the quasi-peak and
average detector signal path on or off. This stage may
be set to On or Off whenever the quasi-peak or average
detector is first selected. QP/Avg Gain is only an active
function when either the quasi-peak or average
detector is selected.
Key Access: Det/Demod, EMI Detector

Range Dwell

Specifies the amount of time the analyzer dwells on a
signal during ranging. Ranging is the first step in a
signal measurement. During ranging, the analyzer
sweeps for the specified range dwell time, before
adjusting the signal peak to the top of the screen for
further measurements. If system defaults are restored,
Range Dwell will default to 200 ms. See “Dwell Time
Settings” in the Measurement Techniques” Chapter of
the Agilent EMC Analyzer Measurement Guide for more
information.
Key Access: Det/Demod, EMI Detector

Demod

Accesses the menu keys to select AM demodulation, FM demodulation or
demodulation Off. It also accesses the Demod View On Off, Speaker On
Off, and Demod Time menu keys described below.
Key Access: Det/Demod
Off

Turns demodulation off.
Key Access: Det/Demod, Demod

Activating AM demodulation turns off FM
demodulation (if it is on). For non-zero spans, a 10 kHz
resolution bandwidth is used during demodulation,
regardless of the screen annotation.
Key Access: Det/Demod, Demod

Chapter 2

Turning FM demodulation on turns off AM
demodulation (if it is on). For non-zero spans, a
100 kHz resolution bandwidth is used during the
demodulation, regardless of the screen annotation.
When the span is set to zero span, the displayed
bandwidth is used. For best results, move the signal to
be demodulated to within 3 graticules of the top of the
display.

Front-Panel Key Reference
Det/Demod

Key Access: Det/Demod, Demod
Demod View
On Off

When Demod View (On) is pressed, the vertical scaling
of the display is in frequency, and marker will read out
the FM deviation in kHz. When Demod View is On, the
following functions are not available: Log/Lin (the
display is always linear and calibrated in Hz),
Y Axis Units, Normalize, Display Line, Peak Excursion,
and Peak Threshold. In AM Demod, pressing
Demod View (On) has no effect.
Key Access: Det/Demod, Demod

Speaker
On Off

Turns the internal speaker on and off. The volume from
the speaker is controlled by the front-panel volume
control knob. Selecting AM or FM turns the speaker on.
Turning AM or FM off, pressing Preset when Preset Type
is set to Factory, or cycling the power sets the speaker
function to off.
Key Access: Det/Demod, Demod

Demod Time

Allows you to set the time, in non-zero spans, to pause
and demodulate the signal after each sweep. The
demodulated signal can be heard during demodulation
when in Speaker (On) mode. (In zero span,
demodulation is performed (and can be heard)
throughout the sweep.) In AM, the Video BW is set to
3 kHz and the Resolution BW is set to 10 kHz. In FM,
the Video BW is set to 30 kHz and the Resolution BW is
set to 100 kHz.
When AM or FM Demod is enabled, the instrument will
tune to the marker frequency and wait for the Demod to
take place. For long Demod times, pressing Preset when
Preset Type is set to Factory will abort the Demod
function. The default value is 500 ms.
Key Access: Det/Demod, Demod

NOTE

It is normal to hear clicking sounds when the Auto Alignment function
is On. During retrace, a small portion of the analyzer circuitry is
realigned. Some of the switching of the analyzer circuitry is done using
relays. It is the rapid switching of these relays during retrace that
causes the clicking sounds. To eliminate the clicking sounds, turn the
auto alignment off by pressing System, Alignments, Auto Align, Off.
When this is done, the Align Now, All function should be performed
periodically. Refer to the Specifications Guide for your instrument to
learn more information on how often to perform Align Now, All when the
auto alignment is off.

Chapter 2

Front-Panel Key Reference
Det/Demod
Squelch

Allows you to adjust the squelch level. The squelch level
mutes weak signals and passes strong signals. Only the
audio level is affected. If the internal speaker is On,
audio signals are not output unless the signal strength
exceeds the squelch threshold. The squelch level does
not affect the rear panel AUX VIDEO OUT signal.
Squelch level is indicated on screen by the numbers 0 to
100, with 0 being the minimum threshold (all signals
are passed) and 100 being the maximum threshold
(no signals are passed). The default squelch value is 0.
Squelch is only active in the FM mode.
Key Access: Det/Demod, Demod

Chapter 2

Front-Panel Key Reference
Display

Display
Accesses menu keys that allow you to control what is displayed on the
analyzer, including titles, the display line, graticule and annotation, as
well as the testing of trace data against user entered limits.
Full Screen

Allows the measurement window to expand horizontally over the entire
instrument display. Pressing a key that brings up a new menu will
cancel the full screen function.
Key Access: Display

Display Line
On Off

Activates an adjustable horizontal line that is used as a visual reference
line. The line, which can be used for trace arithmetic, has amplitude
values that correspond to its vertical position when compared to the
reference level. The value of the display line appears in the active
function block and on the left side of the display. The display line can be
adjusted using the step keys, knob, or numeric keypad. Pressing any
digit, 0 through 9, on the numeric keypad brings up the selected
terminator menu. To deactivate the display line, press Display Line (Off).
Key Access: Display

Limits

Accesses menu keys that allow you to create and define the parameters
of limit lines.
Key Access: Display
Limit 1
Limit 2

Allows you to select either of the two available limits.
The Limit 1 and Limit 2 keys access menu keys that allow
you to set parameters for the selected limit.
Key Access: Display, Limits
Type
Upper Lower

Allows you to define the limit you are
editing as either an upper or lower
limit. An upper limit fails if the trace
exceeds the limit. A lower limit fails if
the trace falls below the limit.
Key Access: Display, Limits, Limit 1 or
Limit 2

Limit On Off

Turns the limit line display on and off.
Either Limit or Margin, as well as Test,
must be turned on for a limit test to
work.
Key Access: Display, Limits, Limit 1 or
Limit 2

Chapter 2

Front-Panel Key Reference
Display
Test
On Off

Turns the testing of the limit lines on
and off. If the trace is at or within the
bounds of the set limit or margin, PASS
LIMIT # or PASS MARGIN # is displayed
in green in the upper left corner of the
measurement area where # is the
number of the selected limit line. Only
positive margins are allowed for lower
limits and only negative margins are
allowed for upper limits. If the trace is
out of the limit or margin boundaries,
FAIL LIMIT # or FAIL MARGIN # is
displayed in red. The results for Limit 2
are displayed below those for Limit 1.
Either Limit or Margin must be turned
on for Test to work.
Key Access: Display, Limits, Limit 1 or
Limit 2

Margin
On Off

Margin (Off) turns the margin off.
Margin (On) allows you to set a limit line

offset for the selected limit line. Either
Limit or Margin as well as Test, must be
turned on for a limit test to work.
Key Access: Display, Limits, Limit 1 or
Limit 2
Edit

Accesses the Edit menu keys which
include Point, Frequency (or Time if
Display, Limits, X Axis Units (Time) has
been selected), Amplitude, Connected to
Previous Pt, and Delete Point. Edit also
accesses the limits table. The Tab keys
allow you to move between the rows in
the limits table. New limit segments
will only be applied after the editor is
closed. Pressing Return, or any key not
associated with the editor, will close the
editor.
Key Access: Display, Limits, Limit 1 or
Limit 2
Point

Allows you to create or edit a limit
point. Up to 200 points may be defined
for each limit line. Enter the point

Chapter 2

Front-Panel Key Reference
Display

number to be created or edited using
the numeric keypad, then Press Enter,
or use the knob, Tab or step keys to
move to an existing point. After
selecting a point, Frequency (or Time)
becomes active.
Key Access: Display, Limits, Limit 1 or
Limit 2, Edit
Frequency (The key label is Time if
X Axis Units (Time) has been selected.)

Allows you to enter the frequency
value for a limit point. After entering a
value, the limit table is sorted to place
the frequency or time in the correct
order. For a new point, Amplitude
defaults to 0 dBm and Connected to
Previous Pt defaults to Yes. Amplitude
then becomes active.
Key Access: Display, Limits, Limit 1 or
Limit 2, Edit
Amplitude

Allows you to enter the amplitude
value for the current limit point. After
entering a value, Connected to Previous
Pt becomes active. If a Tab key is
pressed without entering a value, the
current Amplitude and Connected to
Previous Pt values of the point are
selected. If Tab ⇑ is pressed, the point
number automatically increments to
allow entry of the amplitude of the next
point, or if a new point, to allow
Frequency to be entered for the new
point.
Key Access: Display, Limits, Limit 1 or
Limit 2, Edit
Connected to Previous Pt
Yes No

Chapter 2

Front-Panel Key Reference
Display

Connected value of the current point
and increments the Point number to
allow entry or editing of the Frequency
of the next point. If a Tab key is pressed
without entering a value, the current
Connected value of the point is
selected. If Tab ⇑ is pressed, the Point
number automatically increments to
allow entry of the Connected value of
the next point, or if a new point, to
allow Frequency to be entered for the
new point.
Key Access: Display, Limits, Limit 1 or
Limit 2, Edit
Delete Point

Allows you to delete the current point
in the limit line. You will be prompted
with the message If you are sure,
press key again to delete.
Pressing Delete Point again will delete
the point.
Key Access: Display, Limits, Limit 1 or
Limit 2, Edit
Delete Limit

Allows you to delete the current limit
set. You will be prompted with the
message If you are sure, press
key again to delete. Pressing Delete
again will delete the limit set.
Key Access: Display, Limits, Limit 1 or
Limit 2

Freq Interp
Log Lin

Chapter 2

Allows you to determine how limit
trace values are computed between
points in a limit table. The available
interpolation modes are linear and
logarithmic. If the linear mode is used
for both frequency and amplitude, a
straight line is used when interpolating
between points in a limit table. If
frequency interpolation is logarithmic,
frequency values between limit points
are computed by first taking the
logarithm of both the table values and
the intermediate value. A linear
interpolation is then performed in this

Front-Panel Key Reference
Display

logarithmic frequency space. An exactly
analogous manipulation is done for
logarithmic amplitude interpolation.
Key Access: Display, Limits, Limit 1 or
Limit 2, More
Amptd Interp
Log Lin

NOTE

Interpolation modes determine how limit values are computed between
points in the limit table. The appearance of a limit trace is also affected
by the amplitude scale, which may be linear or logarithmic.

X Axis Units
Freq Time

Selects whether limit lines will be entered using frequency or sweep
time to define the segments. They can be specified as a table of limit
line segments of amplitude versus frequency, or of amplitude versus
time. Time values are evaluated with respect to the analyzer sweep
time. A time value of zero corresponds to the start of the sweep, which
is at the left edge of the graticule.
Switching the limit line definition between frequency and time will
erase both of the current limit lines. The message Changing X axis
units will delete all limits. If you are sure, press key
again to change units will appear. Press X Axis Units Freq Time again
to purge both limit lines and switch between frequency and time.
Key Access: Display, Limits

Limits Fixed Rel

Allows you to choose fixed or relative limit lines. The fixed (Fixed) type
uses the current limit line as a reference with fixed frequency and
amplitude values. The relative (Rel) setting causes the current limit
line value to be relative to the displayed center frequency and reference
level amplitude values. When limit lines are specified with time, rather
than frequency, the Rel setting only affects the amplitude values. The
current amplitude values will be relative to the displayed reference
level amplitude, but the time values will always start at the left edge of
the graticule.

Chapter 2

Front-Panel Key Reference
Display

As an example, assume you have a frequency limit line. If the limit line
is specified as fixed, entering a limit line segment with a frequency
coordinate of 300 MHz displays the limit line segment at 300 MHz. If
the same limit line table is specified as relative, it is displayed relative
to the analyzer center frequency and reference level. If the center
frequency is at 1.0 GHz, a relative limit line segment with a frequency
coordinate of 300 MHz will display the limit line segment at 1.3 GHz. If
the amplitude component of the relative limit line segment is –10 dB,
then −10 dB is added to the reference level value to obtain the
amplitude of the given segment (reference level offset included).
A limit line entered as fixed may be changed to relative, and one
entered as relative may be changed to fixed. When changing between
fixed and relative limit lines, the frequency and amplitude values in the
limit line table change so that the limit line remains in the same
position for the current frequency and amplitude settings of the
analyzer. If a time and amplitude limit line is used, the amplitude
values change but the time values remain the same.
Key Access: Display, Limits
Delete
All Limits

Allows you to purge data from the limit-line tables. Pressing Delete
Limits after the prompt, If you are sure, press key again to
delete, will delete the limits.
Key Access: Display, Limits

Title

Accesses the following Title menu keys which allows you to change or
clear a title on your display.
Key Access: Display
Change Title

NOTE

Allows you to write a title across the top of the display.
The marker readout may interfere with the last
characters. The markers can be turned off by pressing
Marker, More, Marker All Off. Pressing Change Title
accesses the Alpha Editor Menus that contain available
characters and symbols.

Pressing ESC before exiting the Alpha Editor menus will retain the
previous title.
The display title will remain until either Change Title is
pressed again, or a trace is recalled that was previously
saved with a title. A display title can also be cleared by
using the clear function. Press Display, Title, Clear Title.
Key Access: Display, Title
Clear Title

Chapter 2

Allows you to clear a title from the front-panel display.
Once cleared, the title cannot be retrieved.

Front-Panel Key Reference
Display

Key Access: Display, Title
Preferences

Accesses a menu of the following display functions which allow you to
turn the graticule and annotation on or off.
Key Access: Display
Graticule
On Off

Turns the display graticule on and off.
Key Access: Display, Preferences

Annotation
On Off

Turns the screen annotation on or off, however, menu
key annotation will remain on the screen. The screen
annotation may not be required for prints or during
remote operation.
Key Access: Display, Preferences

Chapter 2

Front-Panel Key Reference
Enter

Enter
Terminates and enters into the analyzer a numerical value that has
been entered from the front panel using the numeric keypad. (For most
applications, it is better to use the units menu keys.)
When using the File key menus, the Enter key is used to terminate
filename entries. When entering titles (Display, Title, Change Title), the
Enter key is used to terminate title entries.

Chapter 2

Front-Panel Key Reference
ESC

ESC
Use the escape key to exit any function without modifying current
parameters. Pressing the ESC key will:
• Clear any numeric entry that you have begun to enter and cancels
the active function (see the section on display annotation, active
function area, and other display features in the Getting Started
Guide for your instrument).
• Clear any title entry that you have begun to enter and cause the title
to revert to the previous name.
• Clear input or output overloads.
• Clear error messages from the status line along the bottom of the
display.
• Clear peak threshold from the display (turn it off) if the peak
threshold line is on.
• Cancels a print, if one is in progress.

Chapter 2

Front-Panel Key Reference
File

File
Accesses the menu keys used to view, save, load, and manage data on a
floppy disk or the internal analyzer drive. Refer to the Getting Started
Guide for your instrument for more information on file menu functions.
Catalog

Displays all directories and files located on the selected drive,
depending upon the preferences set under the Type and Sort keys
defined below.
Key Access: File
Type

Allows you to select all types or one type of file(s) for
viewing.
Key Access: File, Catalog
All

Displays all files located on the selected
drive.
Key Access: File, Catalog, Type

Setup

Displays all setup files (.SET) in the
selected directory. Setups are a
complete set of instrument parameters
including traces, states, limits, and
corrections.
Key Access: File, Catalog, Type

State

Displays all state files (.STA) in the
selected directory. State files contain
most instrument settings.
Key Access: File, Catalog, Type

Trace

Displays all trace files (.TRC and .CSV)
in the selected directory.
Key Access: File, Catalog, Type

Limits

Displays all limits files (.LIM) in the
selected directory.
Key Access: File, Catalog, Type

Screen

Displays all screen (.GIF and .WMF)
files in the selected directory.
Key Access: File, Catalog, Type

Corrections

Chapter 2

Displays all correction files (.ANT,
.CBL, .OTH, .AMP) in the selected
directory.

Front-Panel Key Reference
File

Key Access: File, Catalog, Type, More
Signal List

Displays all signal list files (.LST) in
the selected directory. The signal list
files contains a list of signals which
include the frequency and measured
amplitudes for each signal.
Key Access: File, Catalog, Type, More

Report

Displays all report files in the selected
directory. Report files are saved in a
(.HTM) file type format. The Report
files can contain the screen in GIF
format, the signal list, and the analyzer
setup. The report files contain a
hyperlink to the GIF file of the analyzer
screen.
Key Access: File, Catalog, Type, More

Sort

Accesses the Sort menu keys that allow you to sort your
files according to a selected file attribute.The selections
include, By Date, By Name, By Extension, By Size, and
Order Up Down. Order (Up) allows you to sort files in
ascending order (for instance, A,B,C). Order (Down)
allows you to sort files in descending order (for
instance, C,B,A).
Key Access: File, Catalog

Dir Up

Allows you to move up one directory level. If at the top
level, Dir Up moves to the drive level, displaying the
available disk drives.
Key Access: File, Catalog

Dir Select

Accesses the highlighted directory on your display.
Key Access: File, Catalog

Save

Accesses menu keys that allow you to save analyzer setups, states,
traces, limits, corrections and screen data to a floppy (A:) drive or
internal flash (C:) drive.

NOTE

If you intend to save trace files for use with a personal computer, save
them as .CSV (comma separated values). However, files formatted in
this way cannot be loaded back into the analyzer.

NOTE

Never remove the floppy disk during a save operation. To do so could
corrupt all data on the floppy disk.
Key Access: File

Chapter 2

Front-Panel Key Reference
File
Save Now

Executes the save function. When the save is complete,
the message XXXXXX file saved (where XXXXXX is
the filename) will appear in the status line on your
display.
Note that once you have used the File, Save, Save Now
keys to setup and save a file, the Save hardkey will
perform an immediate Save Now of your file in the same
format and to the same location.
Key Access: File, Save

NOTE

If the Path: field above the directory box is empty when pressing Save
Now, the status line will display the error message: Unable to save
file, invalid path. In this case, please select a drive.
Type

Allows you to select the type of data you want to save.
Setup

NOTE

Displays all previously saved setup
files and detects the current setup
parameters in preparation to save them
in a file for retrieval at a future date.
Setup files include all instrument
settings including traces, states, limits,
and corrections.

When viewing a floppy disc with saved Setup files (filename.set) on a
personal computer, notice there are also many similarly named files
with extensions like .s01, .s02, etc. Do not delete these files as they are
necessary to allow complete restoration of originally saved Setup.
Key Access: File, Save, Type
State

Displays all previously saved state files
and detects the current state
parameters in preparation to save them
in a file for retrieval at a future date.
State files include all instrument
settings but not traces, limits, and
corrections. (This is the default setting
when power is applied to the analyzer.)
Key Access: File, Save, Type

Trace

Chapter 2

Displays all previously saved trace files
(.TRC) and detects the current trace in
preparation to save it in a file for
retrieval at a future date. A trace can
be saved individually or as a group of
traces. It can also be saved in .CSV
(comma separated values) format (for

Front-Panel Key Reference
File

importing into spreadsheets) or in .TRC
format, accompanied by the analyzer
state (for later recalling into the
analyzer). (Note that CSV formatted
data cannot be reloaded into the
analyzer and TRC formatted data
cannot be loaded into most personal
computer programs.) Refer to the
Format key description.
Key Access: File, Save, Type
Limits

Displays all previously saved limits
files and detects the current limits in
preparation to save them in a file for
retrieval at a future date. Limits
provide data sets to determine whether
a trace has exceeded preset
specifications. Limit sets can hold up to
200 points and can only be saved
individually. Refer to the File, Source
key description.
Key Access: File, Save, Type

Screen

Displays all previously saved screen
files and captures the current screen
displayed in preparation to save it in a
file for retrieval at a future date.
Screen files can be saved in any of the
following formats: Bitmap, Metafile,
Reverse Bitmap, and Reverse Metafile.
Refer to the Format key description.
Key Access: File, Save, Type

NOTE

Screen files saved in WMF format can only be loaded into Microsoft1
applications such as Microsoft Word.

NOTE

The screen saved is that which was displayed before pressing File. For
this reason, the screens seen while in the file menus cannot be saved.
Corrections

Displays all previously saved correction
files and detects the current corrections
in preparation to save them in a file for
retrieval at a future date. Corrections
provide a way to adjust the trace
display for preset gain factors (such as

1. Microsoft is a U.S. registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation.

Chapter 2

Front-Panel Key Reference
File

for cable loss). A correction set may
hold up to 200 points. Pressing
Corrections activates the Source key.
Refer to the Source key description.
Key Access: File, Save, Type, More
Signal List

Displays all previously saved signal list
files (.LST) and detects the current
signal list in preparation to save it in a
file for retrieval at a future date. The
signal list files contains a list of signals
which include the frequency and
measured amplitudes for each signal.
Key Access: File, Save, Type, More

Report

Displays all previously saved report
files and detects the current report in
preparation to save it in a file for
retrieval at a future date. Report files
are saved in a (.HTM) file type format.
The Report files can contain the screen
in GIF format, the signal list, and the
analyzer setup. The report files contain
a hyperlink to the GIF file of the
analyzer screen.
Key Access: File, Save, Type, More

Format

When Type is set to Trace, Format allows you to save a
trace accompanied by the analyzer state. The CSV
format is readable by a spreadsheet on your PC, but
cannot be loaded back into the analyzer. The TRC
format cannot be loaded into a PC, but can be loaded
back into the analyzer. TRC files include the state of
the analyzer and restore all settings when loaded.
When Type is set to Screen, Format allows you to choose
between bitmap and metafile formats. Bitmap saves the
screen image in Graphics Interchange Format (GIF)
and Metafile saves the screen image in Windows
Metafile Format (WMF). Reverse Bitmap and Reverse
Metafile turn black backgrounds to white and yellow
traces to green so they can be printed visibly and with
less use of black ink. Screen images cannot be loaded
back into the analyzer.
Key Access: File, Save

Source

Chapter 2

When Type is set to Trace, Source allows you to save
trace 1, 2, or 3 along with state. Saving trace All saves
all traces in a single .trc file, along with the state.

Front-Panel Key Reference
File

When Type is set to Corrections, Source accesses the
Antenna, Cable, Other and User menu keys, which allow
you to select the type of correction to be saved.
When Type is set to Limits, Source accesses the Limit 1
and Limit 2 menu keys. Limit 1 and Limit 2 provide data
sets to determine whether a trace has exceeded preset
specifications. Limit sets can hold up to 200 points and
can only be saved individually.
Key Access: File, Save
Name

Accesses the Alpha Editor and allows you to enter a
filename. The external keyboard can also be used to
enter a filename while the alpha editor is accessed.
Key Access: File, Save

NOTE

Only capital letters (A-Z) and digits (0-9) may appear in file names
(8 characters, maximum). Additionally, file names include a 3 character
extension which is automatically set by the instrument.
Dir Up

Allows you to move up one directory level. If at the top
level, Dir Up moves to the drive level, displaying the
available disk drives.
Key Access: File, Save

Dir Select

Accesses the highlighted directory on your display.
Key Access: File, Save

Load

Accesses menu keys that allow you to load analyzer setups, states,
traces, limits and corrections into the analyzer from a floppy (A:) drive
or internal flash (C:) drive.
Key Access: File
Load Now

Executes the load function. When the load is complete,
the message XXXXXX file loaded (where XXXXXX is
the filename) will appear in the status line on your
display.
Key Access: File, Load

Type

Allows you to select the type of file you want to load.
Setup

Displays all setup files you may wish to
load (.SET). Setup files include a
complete set of instrument parameters
including traces, states, limits, and
corrections. Loading a setup restores
the analyzer (as closely as possible) to
all previous instrument settings at the
time of the save.

Chapter 2

Front-Panel Key Reference
File

Key Access: File, Load, Type
State

Displays all state files you may wish to
load (.STA). Loading a state restores
most settings to the previously saved
values.
Key Access: File, Load, Type

Trace

Displays all trace files (.TRC) you may
wish to load. Traces can be loaded
individually or as a group. When a
trace is loaded, the state that existed
when that trace was saved is loaded
along with the trace. Also, the loaded
trace is placed in view mode.
Key Access: File, Load, Type

NOTE

If you wish to compare two saved traces, place traces in view mode
before saving them. This prevents the trace from being rewritten based
on a state change from subsequent loads.
Limits

Displays all limits files you may wish to
load to determine whether a trace has
exceeded preset specifications (.LIM).
Limit sets can hold up to 200 points.
Limits can only be loaded individually.
Key Access: File, Load, Type

NOTE

When loading Limits files, be sure you have selected the appropriate
X-Axis Units: frequency or time (Display, Limits, X Axis Units). If you are
in time X-Axis Units, and you load frequency limits, all current limit
line data will be erased and the analyzer will switch to frequency units.
The reverse of the this situation also holds true.
Corrections

Displays all corrections files you may
wish to load (.CBL, .ANT, .OTH, .AMP).
Corrections provide a way to adjust the
trace display for preset gain factors
(such as for cable loss). A correction set
may hold up to 200 points.
Key Access: File, Load, Type, More

Signal List

Chapter 2

Displays all signal list files (.LST) you
may wish to load and allows you to load
a selected signal list. The signal list
files contain a list of signals which
include the frequency and measured
amplitudes for each signal.

Front-Panel Key Reference
File

Key Access: File, Load, Type, More
Report

Displays all report files you may wish
to load. Report files are in a (.HTM) file
type format. The Report files can
contain the screen in GIF format, the
signal list, and the analyzer setup. The
report files contain a hyperlink to the
GIF file of the analyzer screen.
Key Access: File, Load, Type, More

Sort

Accesses the Sort menu key.
Sort accesses a menu of keys that allow you to view your
saved files according to a selected file attribute. The
selections include, By Date, By Name, By Extension, By
Size, and Order Up Down. Order (Up) allows you to view
files in ascending order (for instance, A,B,C).
Order (Down) allows you to view files in descending
order (for instance, C,B,A).

Key Access: File, Load
Destination

When Type is set to Trace, Destination allows you to
direct your data to Trace 1, Trace 2, or Trace 3. If the data
is for all three traces (for instance, Source was All when
they were saved), the data will be returned to the
original trace registers.
When Type is set to Limits, Destination allows you to
direct your data to Limit 1 or Limit 2.
Key Access: File, Load

Dir Up

Allows you to move up one directory level. If at the top
level, Dir Up moves to the drive level, displaying the
available disk drives.
Key Access: File, Load

Dir Select

Accesses the highlighted directory on your display. If
[..] is highlighted, this key acts in the same manner as
Dir Up.
Key Access: File, Load

Delete

Allows you to delete files and directories.
Key Access: File
Delete Now

100

Executes the delete function. If a directory is selected to
be deleted, the message WARNING: You are about to
delete the contents of directory XXXXXX (where
XXXXXX is the full path and directory name) will

Chapter 2

Front-Panel Key Reference
File

appear on your display. After a successful delete, the
message XXXXXX file deleted (where XXXXXX is the
filename) will appear in the status line on your display.
Key Access: File, Delete
Type

Allows you to select the type of file you want to delete.
Key Access: File, Delete
All

Displays all files you may wish to
delete.
Key Access: File, Delete, Type

Setup

Displays all setup files you may wish to
delete (.SET). A Setup file is a complete
state of instrument parameters
including traces, states, limits and
corrections.
Key Access: File, Delete, Type

State

Displays all state files you may wish to
delete (.STA).
Key Access: File, Delete, Type

Trace

Displays all trace files you may wish to
delete (.TRC and .CSV).
Key Access: File, Delete, Type

Limits

Displays all limits files you may wish to
delete (.LIM).
Key Access: File, Delete, Type

Screen

Displays all screen files you may wish
to delete (.GIF and .WMF).
Key Access: File, Delete, Type

Corrections

Displays all corrections files you may
wish to delete (.CBL, .ANT, .OTH,
.AMP).
Key Access: File, Delete, Type, More

Signal List

Displays all signal list files (.LST) you
may wish to delete and allows you to
delete a selected signal list file. The
signal list files contains a list of signals
which include the frequency and
measured amplitudes for each signal.
Key Access: File, Delete, Type, More

Chapter 2

101

Front-Panel Key Reference
File
Report

Displays all report files (.HTM) you
may wish to delete and allows you to
delete a selected report file. Report files
can contain the screen in GIF format,
the signal list, and the analyzer setup.
The report files contain a hyperlink to
the GIF file of the analyzer screen. GIF
files can only be deleted from a PC.
Key Access: File, Delete, Type, More

Sort

Sort accesses a menu of keys that allow you view the

files you wish to delete, according to a selected file
attribute. The selections include, By Date, By Name, By
Extension, By Size, and Order Up Down. Order (Up)
allows you to view files you may wish to delete in
ascending order (for instance, A,B,C). Order (Down)
allows you to view files you may wish to delete in
descending order (for instance, C,B,A).
Key Access: File, Delete
Dir Up

Allows you to move up one directory level. If at the top
level, Dir Up moves to the drive level, displaying the
available disk drives.
Key Access: File, Delete

Dir Select

Accesses the highlighted directory on your display. If
[..] is highlighted, this key acts in the same manner as
Dir Up.
Key Access: File, Delete

Copy

Allows you to copy files from one directory to another or to one or more
mass storage devices.
Key Access: File
Copy Now

Executes the copy function. If the copy is successful, the
message xxxxx file copied (where xxxxx is the
filename) will appear on the display.
Key Access: File, Copy

Type

Allows you to select the type of file you want to copy.
Key Access: File, Copy
All

Displays all files you may wish to copy.
Key Access: File, Copy, Type

102

Chapter 2

Front-Panel Key Reference
File
Setup

NOTE

Displays all setup (.SET) files you may
wish to copy. A Setup file is a complete
state of instrument parameters
including traces, states, limits and
corrections.

When using a personal computer to copy Setup files, ensure the
similarly named files with extensions like .s01, .so2, etc. are also copied.
These files are necessary to allow complete restoration of originally
saved Setup.
Key Access: File, Copy, Type
State

Displays all state (.STA) files you may
wish to copy.
Key Access: File, Copy, Type

Trace

Displays all trace (.TRC and .CSV) files
you may wish to copy.
Key Access: File, Copy, Type

Limits

Displays all limit (.LIM) files you may
wish to rename.
Key Access: File, Copy, Type

Screen

Displays all screen (.GIF and .WMF)
files you may wish to rename.
Key Access: File, Copy, Type

Corrections

Displays all corrections (.CBL, .ANT,
.OTH, .AMP) files you may wish to
rename.
Key Access: File, Copy, Type, More

Signal List

Displays all signal list files you may
wish to copy and allows you to copy a
selected signal (.LST) list file. Signal
list files contains a list of signals which
include the frequency and measured
amplitudes for each signal.
Key Access: File, Copy, Type, More

Report

Chapter 2

Displays all report files you may wish
to copy and allows you to copy a
selected report (.HTM) file. Report files
can contain the screen in GIF format,
the signal list, and the analyzer setup.
The report files contain a hyperlink to
the GIF file of the analyzer screen. GIF
files can only be copied from a PC.

103

Front-Panel Key Reference
File

Key Access: File, Copy, Type, More
Sort

Sort accesses a menu of keys that allow you to view the
files you wish to copy according to a selected file
attribute. The selection includes, By Date, By Name, By
Extension, By Size, and Order Up Down. Order (Up)
allows you to view files you may wish to copy in
ascending order (for instance, A,B,C). Order (Down)
allows you to view files you may wish to copy in
descending order (for instance, C,B,A).

Key Access: File, Copy
Dir
From To

Allows you to select the source and destination
directories for your copy on one or more drives.
Key Access: File, Copy

Dir Up

Allows you to move up one directory level. If at the top
level, Dir Up moves to the drive level, displaying the
available disk drives.
Key Access: File, Copy

Dir Select

Accesses the highlighted directory on your display.
Key Access: File, Copy

Rename

Allows you to rename a file.
Key Access: File
Rename Now

Executes the rename function. When the rename is
complete, the message XXXXXX file renamed to
YYYYYY (where XXXXXX and YYYYYY are the
filenames) will appear in the status line on your
display.
Key Access: File, Rename

Type

Allows you to select the type of file you want to rename.
Key Access: File, Rename
All

Displays all files you may wish to
rename.
Key Access: File, Rename, Type

Setup

Displays all setup (.SET) files you may
wish to rename. A Setup file is a
complete state of instrument
parameters including traces, states,
limits and corrections.
Key Access: File, Rename, Type

104

Chapter 2

Front-Panel Key Reference
File
State

Displays all state (.STA) files you may
wish to rename.
Key Access: File, Rename, Type

Trace

Displays all trace (.TRC and .CSV) files
you may wish to rename.
Key Access: File, Rename, Type

Limits

Displays all limit (.LIM) files you may
wish to rename.
Key Access: File, Rename, Type

Screen

Displays all screen (.GIF and .WMF)
files you may wish to rename.
Key Access: File, Rename, Type

Corrections

Displays all corrections (.CBL, .ANT,
.OTH, .AMP) files you may wish to
rename.
Key Access: File, Rename, Type, More

Signal List

Displays all signal list files you may
wish to rename and allows you to
rename a selected signal list (.lst) file.
The signal list files contains a list of
signals which include the frequency
and measured amplitudes for each
signal.
Key Access: File, Rename, Type, More

Report

Displays all report files you may wish
to rename and allows you to rename a
selected report (.htm) file. The report
function create a report file that
contains the screen in GIF format, the
signal list, and the analyzer setup. The
report file contains a hyperlink to the
analyzer screen GIF file. You can only
rename GIF files from a PC.
Key Access: File, Rename, Type, More

Sort

Sort accesses a menu of keys that allow you to view the

files you wish to rename according to a selected file
attribute. The selections include, By Date, By Name, By
Extension, By Size, and Order Up Down. Order (UP) allows
you to view files you may wish to rename in ascending
order (for instance, A,B,C). Order (Down) allows you to
view files you may wish to rename in descending order
(for instance, C,B,A).

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Front-Panel Key Reference
File

Key Access: File, Rename
Name

NOTE

Accesses the Alpha Editor and allows you to enter a
filename. The external keyboard can also be used to
enter a filename while the alpha editor is accessed.
Complete your entry by pressing Return or Enter.

Allows you to move up one directory level. If at the top
level, Dir Up moves to the drive level, displaying the
available disk drives.
Key Access: File, Rename

Dir Select

Accesses the highlighted directory on your display.
Key Access: File, Rename

Create Dir

Allows you to create subdirectories.
Key Access: File, More
Create Dir
Now

Executes the create directory function. When the
directory has been created, the message Directory
XXXXXX created (where XXXXXX is the directory
name) will appear in the status line on your display.
Key Access: File, More, Create Dir

Name

NOTE

Only capital letters (A-Z) and digits (0-9) may appear in file names
(8 characters, maximum). Additionally, file names include a 3 digit
extension which is automatically set by the instrument.
Dir Up

Allows you to move up one directory level. If at the top
level, Dir Up moves to the drive level, displaying the
available disk drives.
Key Access: File, More, Create Dir

Dir Select

Accesses the highlighted directory on your display.
Key Access: File, More, Create Dir

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Front-Panel Key Reference
File
Format

Formats a double-density floppy disk to 1.44 MB format. 720 kB disks
are not supported.
Key Access: File, More
Format Now

Executes the format function. After pressing
Format Now, the following message will appear on the

display: WARNING: You are about to destroy ALL
data on volume A: Press Format Now again to
proceed or any other key to abort. During the
formatting, Formatting Disk will appear on the
display. Once formatted, Volume A: formatted will
appear in the status line on the display.
NOTE

When using a personal computer to manipulate Setup files
(filename.set) saved to a floppy, ensure the similarly named files with
extensions like .s01, .s02, etc. are handled in a like manner. For
example, if you rename of the .set file, you must rename all the .s0x
files, as well. These files are necessary to allow complete restoration of
the originally saved Setup.
Key Access: File, More, Format

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Front-Panel Key Reference
Freq Count

Freq Count
Activates the Marker Normal function if there are no markers, and then
turns the marker count function on.
Marker Count
On Off

Marker Count (On) turns on the marker counter. If no marker is active
before Marker Count (On) is pressed, a marker is activated at the center
of the display. Press Marker Count (Off) to turn the marker counter off.
Press Resolution (Man) to change the marker counter resolution to an
uncoupled value.

NOTE

Marker Count frequency readings are not affected by the frequency
offset function.
An asterisk (*) may appear in the upper-right area of the display along
with the message Cntr 1 (the number in the message depends on the
active marker). The ratio of the resolution bandwidth to span must be
greater than 0.002 for the marker count function to work properly.
Marker Count: Widen Res BW appears on the display if the bandwidth
to span ratio is less than 0.002. Widen RES BW indicates that the
resolution bandwidth must be increased or the span decreased.
Key Access: Freq Count

Resolution
Auto Man

Allows the resolution of the marker counter to be selected manually or
auto-coupled. The marker counter has a resolution range of 1 Hz to
100 kHz. The available resolution values are 1 Hz, 10 Hz, 100 Hz,
1 kHz, 10 kHz, and 100 kHz. The resolution can be changed by using
the step keys or by entering the resolution using the numeric keypad or
knob. The marker counter resolution can be auto coupled to the span by
pressing Resolution (Auto).
Key Access: Freq Count

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Front-Panel Key Reference
FREQUENCY Channel

FREQUENCY Channel
Activates the center frequency function, and accesses the menu of
frequency functions. The center frequency, or start and stop frequency
values appear below the graticule on the display.
Although the analyzer allows entry of frequencies greater than the
specified frequency range, using frequencies greater than the frequency
range of the analyzer is not recommended
NOTE

When changing both the center frequency and the span, change the
frequency first since the span can be limited by the frequency value.

CAUTION

When operating in dc coupled mode, take care to protect the input
mixer by limiting the input level to 0 Vdc and +30 dBm.

Center Freq

Activates the center frequency function (when Scale Type is set to Lin)
which allows you to set the horizontal center of the display to a specific
frequency. When Scale Type is set to Log, Center Freq activates the
center frequency function which allows you to move the average of the
start and stop frequencies. In this scale type the center frequency value
will not necessarily represent the horizontal center of the display.
Key Access: FREQUENCY Channel

Start Freq

Sets the frequency at the left side of the graticule. The left and right
sides of the graticule correspond to the start and stop frequencies.
When these frequencies are activated, their values are displayed below
the graticule in place of center frequency and span.
Key Access: FREQUENCY Channel

Stop Freq

Sets the frequency at the right side of the graticule. The left and right
sides of the graticule correspond to the start and stop frequencies.
When these frequencies are activated, their values are displayed below
the graticule in place of center frequency and span.
Key Access: FREQUENCY Channel

CF Step
Auto Man

Changes the step size for the center frequency function. Once a step
size has been selected and the center frequency function is activated,
the step keys change center frequency by the step-size value. The step
size function is useful for finding harmonics and sidebands beyond the
current frequency span of the analyzer. When auto-coupled, the center
frequency step size is set to one division (10 percent of the span).
Key Access: FREQUENCY Channel

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109

Front-Panel Key Reference
FREQUENCY Channel
Freq Offset

Allows you to input a frequency offset value that is added to the
frequency readout of the marker, to account for frequency conversions
external to the analyzer. Offset entries are added to all frequency
readouts including marker, start frequency, and stop frequency. Offsets
may only be entered using the numeric keypad. Offsets are not added to
the span or frequency count readouts. Entering an offset does not affect
the trace display. When a frequency offset is entered, its value appears
on the bottom of the display. To eliminate an offset, perform a Factory
Preset, or press Freq Offset, 0, Hz.
When a frequency offset is entered, its value appears on the bottom of
the display (as opposed to reference level offsets, which appear on the
left side of the display). To eliminate an offset, press Freq Offset, 0, and
Enter. Pressing Preset also sets the offset to zero.

NOTE

This function is not available when FREQUENCY, Scale Type (Log) is
selected.

NOTE

Frequency, Scale Type (Log) is not available when utilizing the frequency

offset function.
Key Access: FREQUENCY Channel
Signal Track
On Off

Moves the signal that is nearest to the active marker to the center of
the display and keeps the signal there. ST appears in the lower-left
corner of the display. An (*) may appear in the upper-right corner of the
display while the analyzer is verifying that it has the correct signal.
Pressing Signal Track (Off); Preset (with Preset Type set to Factory); or
Marker, More, Marker All Off turns off the signal track function.
When signal track is on and the span is reduced, an automatic zoom is
performed and the span is reduced in steps so that the signal remains
at the center of the display. If the span is zero, signal track cannot be
activated.
Key Access: FREQUENCY Channel

NOTE

If no marker is active, pressing Signal Track (On) will activate a marker,
perform a peak search, and center the marker on the display.

NOTE

Switching to zero span sets Signal Track (Off).

NOTE

FREQUENCY, Scale Type (Log) is not available when Signal Track (On) is

selected.

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Front-Panel Key Reference
FREQUENCY Channel
Scale Type
Log Lin

Scales the horizontal (x-axis or frequency) graticule divisions
logarithmically when Scale Type (Log) is selected. When Scale Type (Lin)
is selected, the horizontal divisions are linearly scaled.
In Scale Type (Log), the number of sweep points is limited to a multiple
of the number of sweep segments. For example, if you select 308 points
when 3 segments are required to create a logarithmic display, the
points will be set at 306 points. The span determines the minimum
number of sweep points. Pressing Preset (when Preset Type is set to
Factory) sets Scale Type to Lin.

NOTE

Sweep time is auto-coupled when Scale Type (Log) is selected.

NOTE

Marker Span Pair, Frequency Offset, Signal Track (On), and Demod View
(On), are not available when Scale Type (Log) is selected.

NOTE

FREQUENCY, Scale Type (Log) is not available when Frequency Offset
Zero Span, Signal Track (On) is selected.

Key Access: FREQUENCY Channel

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Front-Panel Key Reference
Help

Help
Accesses a short description of any front panel or menu key. After
pressing Help, an explanation of the next key pressed will appear on the
display. After the information is displayed, press any key to remove the
help window. Pressing ESC allows you to remove the help window
without changing functions.

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Front-Panel Key Reference
Input/Output

Input/Output
Input Z Corr
50Ω 75Ω

Sets the input impedance for voltage-to-power conversions. The
impedance you select is for computational purposes only, since the
actual impedance is set by internal hardware to 50 Ω. Setting the
computational input impedance to 75 Ω is useful when using a 75 Ω to
50 Ω adapter to measure a 75 Ω device on an analyzer having a 50 Ω
input impedance.
Key Access: Input/Output

Coupling
AC DC

Only available in Agilent models E7402A or E7405A with Option UKB,
and E7403A or E7404A. Specifies alternating current (ac) or direct
current (dc) coupling at the analyzer input. Selecting ac coupling blocks
any dc voltage at the analyzer input, but also decreases the frequency
range of the analyzer. Input coupling is set to ac by an instrument
preset (With Preset Type set to Factory). Some amplitude specifications
apply only when coupling is set to dc. Refer to the appropriate
amplitude specifications and characteristics for your analyzer.

NOTE

AC is always coupled in Agilent EMC models E7401A and E7402A
(without Option UKB).
DC is always coupled in Agilent EMC model E7405A (without Option
UKB).

Table 2-2

Selecting Input Coupling
ESA Model #

AC
Frequency Range

DC
Frequency Range

E7402A with
Option UKB

100 kHz to 3 GHz

100 Hz to 3 GHz

E7403A

100 kHz to 6.7 GHz

9 kHz to 6.7 GHz

E7403A with
Option UKB

100 kHz to 6.7 GHz

100 Hz to 6.7 GHz

E7404A

100 kHz to 13.2 GHz

9 kHz to 13.2 GHz

E7404A with
Option UKB

100 kHz to 13.2 GHz

100 Hz to 13.2 GHz

E7405A with
Option UKB

10 MHz to 26.5 GHz

100 Hz to 26.5 GHz

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Front-Panel Key Reference
Input/Output

CAUTION

When operating in dc coupled mode, ensure protection of the input
mixer by limiting the input level to 0 Vdc, +30 dBm.

CAUTION

To prevent damage to the EMC analyzer from power line switching
transients:
— Disconnect the receiver input from the LISN (or current clamp)
output prior to connecting or disconnecting the mains to the EUT.
— Disconnect the receiver input from the LISN (or current clamp)
output prior to turning the EUT on or off.
— If you are using a switchable LISN, disconnect the receiver input
from the LISN output prior to switching the LISN between lines.
— Disconnect the receiver input from the current clamp output prior to
attaching or detaching it to a powered EUT main.
Key Access: Input/Output

Amptd Ref
(f=50 MHz)
On Off

Agilent E7401A only. Turns the internal amplitude reference signal on
or off. When the internal amplitude reference signal is on, the RF input
is disabled.
Key Access: Input/Output

Amptd Ref Out
(f=50 MHz)
On Off

Agilent E7402A, E7403A, E7404A, and E7405A only. Turns the
external amplitude reference signal on or off.
Key Access: Input/Output

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Marker

Marker
Accesses the marker control keys which select the type and number of
markers and turns them on and off. Markers are diamond-shaped
characters that identify points of traces. Up to four pairs of markers
may appear on the display simultaneously; only one pair can be
controlled at a time. The marker that is controlled is called the “active”
marker. Pressing Marker activates the Normal menu key.
Select Marker
1234

Selects one of the four possible markers. A marker that has already
been turned on will become active when it is selected. If a marker has
been turned on and assigned to a specific trace, it will become active on
that trace if that marker is selected.
Key Access: Marker

Normal

Activates a single frequency marker at the center position of the active
trace if a marker is not already displayed. If a marker is displayed
before the Normal function is enabled, the marker is enabled at the
position of the selected marker. The marker number is indicated above
the marker. Use the data controls to position the marker. The knob
and/or Up/Down keys move the marker left or right. If a value is
entered from the numeric keypad, the marker is moved to the trace
point nearest to that value. Annotation in the active function block and
in the upper-right corner of the display indicates the frequency and
amplitude of the marker (time and amplitude, if in zero span.) The
marker stays on the trace at the horizontal screen position where it was
placed unless Signal Track, or a “marker to” key function (such as Mkr →
CF, Mkr → RL, Mkr → CF STEP, Mkr ∆ Span, or Min Search) is selected.
Pressing Normal turns off the Delta function and moves the active
marker to the delta marker position.
Key Access: Marker

Delta

Activates a second marker at the position of the first marker. (If no
marker is present, two markers appear at the center of the display.) The
amplitude and frequency (or time) of the first marker is fixed. The
marker number is indicated above the delta marker, and the same
number is indicated with an R (for example, 1R) above the reference
marker. Use the data controls to position the delta marker. Annotation
in the active function block and in the upper-right corner of the display
indicates the frequency (or time) and amplitude differences between the
two markers. The markers will be turned off if the scale type is changed
between log and linear.
Key Access: Marker

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Front-Panel Key Reference
Marker

NOTE

Pressing Delta again moves the reference marker to the active marker
position, so you can make delta measurements from differing reference
points without having to turn off the markers and begin again.

NOTE

The delta marker function permits signal-to-noise measurements
provided the signal is a single spectral component (sinusoid). Place a
normal marker on the signal, press Delta, place the delta marker in the
noise, and activate Marker Noise (see below). The indicated amplitude
difference is signal-to-noise/Hz.

Delta Pair
Ref Delta

Enters a mode that allows adjustment of both the Ref (start) and Delta
(stop) markers independently. Pressing Delta Pair, toggles between the
reference and delta markers. The start marker number is indicated
with a number and an R above the marker (for example, 1R) and the
delta marker is indicated with a marker number. This mode is useful in
functions such as Band Power.
Key Access: Marker

NOTE

Ref and Delta markers maintain their displayed x-axis location, but not
their frequency values when you change a parameter that redefines the
x-axis scale. Reset these markers when parameters such as Span or
Center Freq are changed.

Span Pair
Span Center

Enters a mode that allows adjustment of both the ref and delta
markers. Pressing Span Pair, toggles between the span and center
markers. The start marker number is indicated with a number and an R
above the marker (for example, 1R) and the stop marker is indicated
with a marker number. Adjusting the span changes the frequency
difference between the two markers while maintaining the midpoint
between the two markers at a fixed frequency. Changing the center
changes the center point between the two markers while maintaining
the frequency difference. This mode is useful in functions such as
Band Power.

NOTE

Span Pair is not available when FREQUENCY, Scale Type (Log) is
selected.
Key Access: Marker

Off

Turns off the marker that has been selected by the Select Marker 1 2 3 4
key. Off also turns off functions related to the selected marker such as
signal track and demodulation. It also removes marker annotation from
the display.
Key Access: Marker

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Front-Panel Key Reference
Marker
Select Marker
1234

Selects one of the four possible markers. A marker that has already
been turned on will become active when it is selected. If a marker has
already been turned on and assigned to a specific trace, it will become
active on that trace if that marker is selected.
Key Access: Marker, More

Marker Trace
Auto 1 2 3

Assigns a marker to a trace. Pressing Marker Trace Auto 1 2 3 will
activate a marker on trace 1 if there are no markers turned on. If a
marker is currently active, press Marker Trace Auto 1 2 3 until 1, 2, or 3 is
underlined. The active marker will be moved to the selected trace.
Selecting the Auto mode will move the marker to the trace that is
automatically selected. The selection order is to look for the lowest
numbered trace in the following order of trace modes: clear-write, maxhold, min-hold, view-mode. If there are no traces in any of these modes,
it selects trace 1.
Key Access: Marker, More

Readout

Accesses the following menu keys that allow you to change the active
marker readout.
Key Access: Marker, More
Frequency

Sets the marker to Frequency. The default selection in
non-zero spans, displays the absolute frequency of a
normal marker or the frequency of the delta marker
relative to the reference marker.
Key Access: Marker, More, Readout

Period

Sets the marker readout to Period. Displays the
reciprocal of the above frequency.
Key Access: Marker, More, Readout

Time

Sets the marker readout to Time. The default selection
in zero span, displays the time interval between a
normal marker and the start of the sweep or the time of
the delta marker relative to the reference marker.
Key Access: Marker, More, Readout

Inverse Time

Sets the marker readout to Inverse Time. Displays the
reciprocal of the above time interval.
Key Access: Marker, More, Readout

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Front-Panel Key Reference
Marker
Function

Accesses the following marker function menu keys listed below.
Key Access: Marker, More
Band Power

Indicates the power over that part of the trace between
the reference and active markers. If only one marker is
present when you press Band Power, a second marker is
placed at the same location as the first marker. To
reposition the markers, press Marker to access Delta Pair
and Span Pair keys. If Detector (Auto) is selected,
average detection is used for RBW ≥ 1 kHz, and Sample
detection is used for RBW < 1 KHz.
Key Access: Marker, More, Function

NOTE

For best accuracy, set the video bandwidth to at least ten times the
resolution bandwidth to minimize its averaging effect.

NOTE

Band Power has no meaning in zero span, and the indicated value is

independent of signal level and marker placement.
Marker Noise

NOTE

Reads out the average noise level, referenced to a 1 Hz
noise power bandwidth. If no marker is present, a
marker appears at the center of the display. When
Marker Noise is enabled in resolution bandwidths of
1 kHz and above, the auto coupled detector selection is
set to Average and the Avg Type is set to Power because
the tradeoff between sweeptime and variance of the
result is best with power Average detection. In
resolution bandwidths < 1 kHz, the auto coupled
detector selection is Sample. However, the Marker
Noise function generates appropriately corrected values
for all supported detetctor modes. If the marker delta
function is on and the noise marker is activated and
moved to measure the noise floor, the marker readout
will display the signal-to-noise ratio.

You can use Delta and Marker Noise to indicate noise level relative to
sinusoidal signal (signal to noise). However, be sure to activate the
delta marker before pressing Marker Noise or the reference marker units
may be incorrect.
The noise marker averages 5% of the trace data values
(one-half a horizontal division), centered on the location
of the marker on the frequency or time scale. Marker
noise indicates noise power density per Hertz or noise
voltage per root Hertz depending upon the amplitude
units selected. The number of sweep points is noted in
parenthesis to the right of the sweep time in the lower
right corner of the graticule.

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Front-Panel Key Reference
Marker

Note that the data values averaged will not always be
symmetrical with respect to the marker position. If the
marker is positioned within 2.5% of the beginning of
the trace (one-quarter division), the trace data values
in the first half-division will be averaged. Similarly, if
the marker is positioned within 2.5% of the end of the
trace, the trace data values in the last half-division will
be averaged.
NOTE

Do not use Marker Noise to evaluate the displayed average noise level
of the analyzer relative to the specification. Read the displayed average
noise level directly from the display or use the normal marker. Refer to
Application Note 150 for a discussion of how noise is displayed on a
spectrum analyzer.
To guarantee accurate data for noise-like signals, a
correction for equivalent noise bandwidth for each
resolution bandwidth is measured and included in the
measurement. The Marker Noise function accuracy is
optimal when the detector is set either to Average or to
Sample becuase neither of these detectors peak-biases
the noise.
Key Access: Marker, More, Function

Off

Turns off the active function markers.
Key Access: Marker, More, Function

Marker Table
On Off

Compresses the graticule and displays marker information in a table.
The information includes the marker number, trace number, marker
type, X axis value, and the amplitude.
Key Access: Marker, More

Marker All Off

Turns off all of the markers, including markers used for signal track
and demodulation. Marker annotation is also removed.
Key Access: Marker, More

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119

Front-Panel Key Reference
Marker →

Marker →
Accesses the following marker function menu keys:
Mkr → CF

Sets the center frequency of the analyzer to the marker frequency. In
Delta mode, Mkr → CF sets the center frequency to the marker delta
value. Mkr → CF is not available in zero span.

NOTE

When the frequency scale is in log mode, the center frequency is not at
the center of the display.
Key Access: Marker →

Mkr → CF Step

Changes the center-frequency step size to match the value of the active
marker. Press Frequency then CF Step Auto Man to view the step size. If
marker delta is active, the step size will be set to the frequency
difference between the markers. This function can be used to step from
one signal harmonic to another. Mkr → CF Step is not available in zero
span.
Key Access: Marker →

Mkr → Start

Changes the start frequency so that it is equal to the frequency of the
active marker. In Delta mode, Mkr → Start sets the start frequency to the
marker delta value. Mkr→ Start is not available in zero span.
Key Access: Marker →

Mkr→ Stop

Changes the stop frequency so that it is equal to the frequency of the
active marker. In Delta mode, Mkr → Stop sets the stop frequency to the
marker delta value. Mkr → Stop is not available in zero span.
Key Access: Marker →

Mkr ∆ → Span

Sets the start and stop frequencies to the values of the delta markers.
The marker is then set to normal at the center frequency. Mkr ∆ → Span
is not available if the marker is off, or in zero span.
Key Access: Marker →

Mkr → Ref Lvl

Changes the reference level to the active marker value, moving the
marked point to the reference level (top line of the graticule). In Delta
mode, Mkr → Ref Lvl sets the reference level to the amplitude difference
between the markers. (For example, if the difference is –15 dB, the
reference level will be set to –15 dBm.)
Key Access: Marker →

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Meas Control

Meas Control
If in a measurement, accesses a menu of keys that allow you to abort,
pause, resume, or restart one of the measurements available in the
MEASURE key menu.
Press MEASURE and then select one of the available measurements.
Once the desired measurement is selected, press Meas Control. Meas
Control accesses the following keys:
Abort

Aborts the current measurement. Pressing Abort while a measurement
is being made will stop the current measurement routine at the first
possible stopping point. Then the most recent measured values are
added to the signal list and the analyzer returns to the
pre-measurement state.
Key Access: Meas Control

Pause

Allows you to pause a measurement. Pressing Pause while a
measurement is being made will halt the current measurement routine
at the first possible stopping point. The analyzer will remain idle until
the measurement is aborted, resumed, or restarted.
Key Access: Meas Control

Resume

Allows you to resume a measurement that had been paused. The key
label will toggle between Pause and Resume. Resume is active only if
pause has been executed first. If an averaged measurement was in
progress when paused, the measurement continues and the average
counter resumes from its frozen value.
Key Access: Meas Control

Restart

Performs the same functions as the “Restart” front-panel key. Repeats
your measurement from the beginning. Pressing Restart while a
measurement is being made will halt the current measurement routine
at the first possible stopping point and repeat the measurement.
Signals added to the signal list before the execution of the restart
routine will remain in the signal list. If auto measure is not currently
running, pressing this key has no affect.
Key Access: Meas Control

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121

Front-Panel Key Reference
Meas Setup

Meas Setup
Accesses the main measurement setup options. This includes the ability
to automatically set the analyzer up in one of the CISPR bands and the
ability to activate the appropriate limit lines, correction factors, and
measurement detectors. In addition, the measurement menus include
the ability to load and save setups, activate the internal preamp,
display the current settings, and define a report.
Load Setup

Allows you to load saved system setups by accessing menu keys that
allow you to load analyzer setups, states, traces, limits and corrections
into the analyzer from a floppy (A:) drive or internal flash (C:) drive.
Refer to the “File” menu key descriptions on page 93 for more detailed
information on loading setups.
Key Access: Meas Setup

Save Setup

A setup represents the current state of the instrument. Saving it to a
file and allowing the file to be recalled makes it easy to quickly setup
the instrument for a specific application without having to manually
reset the parameters. Refer to the “File” menu key descriptions on
page 93 for more detailed information on saving setups.
Key Access: Meas Setup

9 - 150 kHz

Sets CISPR BAND A start frequency to 9 kHz and the stop to 150 kHz.
The reference level is set to 70 dBuV in log scaling and the units to
dBuV. The resolution bandwidth is set to 200 Hz (Man Couple), the
marker is turned on as the active function, and the following settings
are set to Auto: video bandwidth, video bandwidth ratio, sweep time,
attenuation, and center frequency step size. Start Frequency is made
the frequency default.
This key sets the analyzer up for making CISPR BAND A
measurements. The analyzer settings for this setup are as follows:
Description

Setup

Start Frequency

9 kHz

Stop Frequency

150 kHz

Resolution Bandwidth

200 Hz (manually coupled)

Video Bandwidth

300 Hz

Sweep Time

Autocoupled

Reference Level

70 dBµV

Attenuation

5 dB

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Meas Setup

Description

Setup

Detector

Peak

Scale Type

Log

Scale/Division

10 dB/Div

Marker 1

Normal, active

Key Access: Meas Setup
AC

Sets the input coupling to ac coupling. Measurements
below 100 kHz (10 MHz for E7405A) will have
significant amplitude errors in the ac coupled mode.
You should use the dc coupled mode to avoid this rolloff
effect.
Key Access: Meas Setup, 9 - 150 kHz

CAUTION

Sets the input coupling to dc coupling. This allows you
to make measurements at low frequencies with
increased accuracy.

To prevent damage to the input circuitry of the analyzer, please ensure
that dc and transient signals are suppressed before selecting dc coupled
mode. Select ac mode if you are unsure of the nature of the input signal.
Once dc coupling has been selected, the analyzer
remains in the dc coupled mode until you do one of the
following:
1. Press Preselect.
2. Press Input/output, Coupling (AC).
3. Press Meas Setup and then select one of the band
keys that automatically set the coupling mode to ac
or manually set the coupling to ac under one of the
band keys that allow ac and dc coupling.
4. Execute a SCPI remote commands that is the
equivalent to one of the items 1 through 3.
Key Access: Meas Setup, 9 - 150 kHz

150 kHz - 30 MHz

Sets CISPR BAND B start frequency to 150 kHz and the stop to
30 MHz. The reference level is set to 75 dBuV in log scaling and the
units to dBuV. The resolution bandwidth is set to 9 kHz (Man Couple),
the marker is turned on as the active function, and the following
settings are set to Auto: video bandwidth, video bandwidth ratio, sweep
time, attenuation, and center frequency step size. Start Frequency is
made the frequency default.

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This key sets the analyzer up for making CISPR BAND B
measurements. The analyzer settings for this setup are as follows:
Description

Setup

Start Frequency

150 kHz

Stop Frequency

30 MHz

Resolution Bandwidth

9 kHz

Video Bandwidth

30 kHz

Sweep Time

Autocoupled

Reference Level

75 dBµV

Attenuation

5 dB

Detector

Peak

Scale Type

Log

Scale/Division

10 dB/Div

Marker 1

Normal, active

Key Access: Meas Setup
AC

CAUTION

Sets the input coupling to dc coupling. This allows you
to make measurements at low frequencies with
increased accuracy.

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4. Execute a SCPI remote commands that is the
equivalent to one of the items 1 through 3.
Key Access: Meas Setup, 150 kHz - 30 MHz
30 - 300 MHz

Sets CISPR BAND C start frequency to 30 MHz and the stop to
300 MHz. The reference level is set to 80 dBuV in log scaling and the
units to dBuV. The resolution bandwidth is set to 120 kHz (Man
Couple), the marker is turned on as the active function, and the
following settings are set to Auto: video bandwidth, video bandwidth
ratio, sweep time, attenuation, and center frequency step size. Start
Frequency is made the frequency default.
This key sets the analyzer up for making CISPR BAND C
measurements. The analyzer settings for this setup are as follows:
Description

Setup

Start Frequency

30 MHz

Stop Frequency

300 MHz

Resolution Bandwidth

120 kHz

Video Bandwidth

300 kHz

Sweep Time

Autocoupled

Reference Level

80 dBµV

Attenuation

5 dB

Detector

Peak

Scale Type

Log

Scale/Division

10 dB/Div

Marker 1

Normal, active

Key Access: Meas Setup
200 MHz - 1 GHz

Sets start frequency to 200 MHz and the stop to 1 GHz. The reference
level is set to 80 dBuV in log scaling and the units to dBuV. The
resolution bandwidth is set to 120 kHz, the marker is turned on as the
active function, and the following settings are set to Auto: video
bandwidth, video bandwidth ratio, sweep time, attenuation, and center
frequency step size. Start Frequency is made frequency default.

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This key sets the analyzer up for making CISPR BAND D
measurements. The analyzer settings for this setup are as follows:
Description

Setup

Start Frequency

200 MHz

Stop Frequency

1 GHz

Resolution Bandwidth

120 kHz

Video Bandwidth

300 kHz

Sweep Time

Autocoupled

Reference Level

80 dBµV

Attenuation

5 dB

Detector

Peak

Scale Type

Log

Scale/Division

10 dB/Div

Marker 1

Normal, active

Key Access: Meas Setup
Limits

Accesses menu keys that allow you to create and define the parameters
of limit lines.
Key Access: Meas Setup, More
Limit 1
Limit 2

Allows you to select either of the two available limits.
The Limit 1 and Limit 2 keys access menu keys that allow
you to set parameters for the selected limit.
Key Access: Meas Setup, More, Limits
Type
Upper Lower

Limit On Off

126

Turns the limit line display on and off.
Either Limit or Margin, as well as Test,
must be turned on for a limit test to
work.

Chapter 2

Front-Panel Key Reference
Meas Setup

Key Access: Meas Setup, More, Limits,
Limit 1 or Limit 2
Test
On Off

Margin
On Off

Margin (Off) turns the margin off.
Margin (On) allows you to set a limit line

offset for the selected limit line. Either
Limit or Margin as well as Test, must be
turned on for a limit test to work.
Key Access: Meas Setup More, Limits,
Limit 1 or Limit 2
Edit

Accesses the Edit menu keys which
include Point, Frequency (or Time if
X Axis Units (Time) has been selected),
Amplitude, Connected to Previous Pt, and
Delete Point. Edit also accesses the
limits table. The Tab keys allow you to
move between the rows in the limits
table. New limit segments will only be
applied after the editor is closed.
Pressing Return, or any key not
associated with the editor, will close the
editor.
Key Access: Meas Setup, More, Limits,
Limit 1 or Limit 2

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Point

Allows you to create or edit a limit
point. Up to 200 points may be defined
for each limit line. Enter the point
number to be created or edited using
the numeric keypad, then Press Enter,
or use the knob, Tab or step keys to
move to an existing point. After
selecting a point, Frequency becomes
active.
Key Access: Meas Setup, More, Limits,
Limit 1 or Limit 2, Edit
Frequency (The key label is Time if
X Axis Units (Time) has been selected.)

Allows you to enter the frequency
value for a limit point. After entering a
value, the limit table is sorted to place
the frequency or time in the correct
order. For a new point, Amplitude
defaults to 0 dBm and Connected to
Previous Pt defaults to Yes. Amplitude
then becomes active.
Key Access: Meas Setup, More, Limits,
Limit 1 or Limit 2, Edit
Amplitude

Allows you to enter the amplitude
value for the current limit point. After
entering a value, Connected to Previous
Pt becomes active. If a Tab key is
pressed without entering a value, the
current Amplitude and Connected to
Previous Pt values of the point are
selected. If Tab ⇑ is pressed, the point
number automatically increments to
allow entry of the amplitude of the next
point, or if a new point, to allow
Frequency to be entered for the new
point.
Key Access: Meas Setup, More, Limits,
Limit 1 or Limit 2, Edit
Connected to Previous Pt
Yes No

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Allows you to determine whether the
current point will be connected to the
previous point. No limit testing is
performed between disconnected
points. Pressing this key when the
Connected field is selected toggles the
Connected value of the current point
and increments the Point number to
allow entry or editing of the Frequency
of the next point. If a Tab key is pressed
without entering a value, the current
Connected value of the point is
selected. If Tab ⇑ is pressed, the Point
number automatically increments to
allow entry of the Connected value of
the next point, or if a new point, to
allow Frequency to be entered for the
new point.
Key Access: Meas Setup, More, Limits,
Limit 1 or Limit 2, Edit
Delete Point

Allows you to delete the current point
in the limit line. You will be prompted
with the message If you are sure,
press key again to delete.
Pressing Delete Point again will delete
the point.
Key Access: Meas Setup, More, Limits,
Limit 1 or Limit 2, Edit
Delete Limit

Freq Interp
Log Lin

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Meas Setup

frequency interpolation is logarithmic,
frequency values between limit points
are computed by first taking the
logarithm of both the table values and
the intermediate value. A linear
interpolation is then performed in this
logarithmic frequency space. An exactly
analogous manipulation is done for
logarithmic amplitude interpolation.
Key Access: Meas Setup, More, Limits,
Limit 1 or Limit 2, More
Amptd Interp
Log Lin

NOTE

X Axis Units
Freq Time

Limits
Fixed Rel

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Meas Setup

current amplitude values will be relative to the displayed reference
level amplitude, but the time values will always start at the left edge of
the graticule.
As an example, assume you have a frequency limit line. If the limit line
is specified as fixed, entering a limit line segment with a frequency
coordinate of 300 MHz displays the limit line segment at 300 MHz. If
the same limit line table is specified as relative, it is displayed relative
to the analyzer center frequency and reference level. If the center
frequency is at 1.0 GHz, a relative limit line segment with a frequency
coordinate of 300 MHz will display the limit line segment at 1.3 GHz. If
the amplitude component of the relative limit line segment is –10 dB,
then −10 dB is added to the reference level value to obtain the
amplitude of the given segment (reference level offset included).
A limit line entered as fixed may be changed to relative, and one
entered as relative may be changed to fixed. When changing between
fixed and relative limit lines, the frequency and amplitude values in the
limit line table change so that the limit line remains in the same
position for the current frequency and amplitude settings of the
analyzer. If a time and amplitude limit line is used, the amplitude
values change but the time values remain the same.
Key Access: Meas Setup, More, Limits
Delete All
Limits

Allows you to purge data from the limit-line tables. Pressing Delete
Limits after the prompt, If you are sure, press key again to
delete, will delete the limits.
Key Access: Meas Setup, More, Limits

Corrections

Accesses the Corrections menu keys which allow you to enable the
corrections function and to select which set of correction factors you
wish to modify.
Corrections are used for the gains and losses associated with the
addition of external devices such as antennas and amplifiers, while
making measurements. By applying Corrections, you can read the true
signal level (such as electric field strength) directly from the analyzer.
The unit conversions are automatically handled by the analyzer when
the appropriate correction factors are applied.
Example: Suppose that at a particular frequency, the analyzer
measures 113 dBµV. Use Corrections to account for the conversion loss
of the antenna (transferring a 377 ohm system to 50 ohm system), the
loss of the cable, and the gain of the amplifier.

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Meas Setup

In order to transfer the measured signal amplitude to the true signal
level we must first “correct” for:
• The gain of the amplifier. Subtracting the amplitude gain correction
factor (32 dB) from 113 dBµV, will yield a level of 81 dBµV.
• The overall cable loss. Since the cable loss results in a measured
value lower then the actual value we must add the cable correction
factor (2 dB) to the 81 dBµV. This leaves us with 83 dBµV.
• The conversion loss between the intrinsic impedance of free space,
377 ohms, and the 50 ohm system the analyzer operates in. By
adding the antenna factor of 17 dBµV to 83 dBµV we find the true
signal field strength level of 100 dBµV.
Because of the way corrections are applied, the following convention is
used for indicating correction factors as positive or negative values.
Correction Factor

Sign

Antenna Factors

Positive

Cable Factors

Positive

Other Factors

Positive

User Factors

Negative

The correction factor signs are only a convention. Although all
correction factors are handled the same algebraically, losses are
typically entered as positive corrections and gains are typically entered
as negative corrections.
Key Access: Meas Setup, More

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Apply Corrections
Pressing Apply Corrections (Yes) turns on the
Yes No

Accesses the Antenna menu of keys which allow you to
correct for antenna loss, but may be used for any kind
of correction.
Key Access: Meas Setup, More, Corrections
Correction On Off Turns the amplitude correction

function on or off for the selected set.
The corrections state must be set to On
for the correction to be applied.
Key Access: Meas Setup, More,
Corrections, Antenna
NOTE

Edit

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Meas Setup

the table from the screen. New points
will be applied only after the editor is
closed. The Tab keys are very useful for
navigation between rows in the
corrections table.
Key Access: Meas Setup, More,
Corrections, Antenna
Point

Allows you to create or edit an
amplitude-correction factor data point.
Up to 200 points may be defined for
each set. Enter the point number to be
created or edited by using the numeric
keypad, then press Enter, or use the
knob, tab, or step keys to move to an
existing point. Press Bk Sp to correct
errors. After selecting a point,
Frequency becomes active.
Key Access: Meas Setup, More,
Corrections, Antenna, Edit
Frequency

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Meas Setup

NOTE

Amplitude-correction data is sorted in the table by frequency. The
sorting occurs immediately after you have entered the frequency value
via the front-panel.
Amplitude

Allows you to enter the amplitude
value for the current
amplitude-correction point. After
selecting a point, the point number
automatically increments and
Frequency becomes active to allow entry
of the frequency of the next point. Press
Bk Sp to correct errors.
Key Access: Meas Setup, More,
Corrections, Antenna, Edit
Delete Point

Allows you to delete the
amplitude-correction data for the
currently selected point. The prompt If
you are sure, press key again to
delete will appear on the display.
Pressing Delete Point again will delete
the point and adjust all of the point
numbers as appropriate.
Key Access: Meas Setup, More,
Corrections, Antenna, Edit
Delete Correction Allows you to clear all data from the

Allows you to correct for cable loss, but may be used for
any kind of correction.
Key Access: Meas Setup, More, Corrections

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Meas Setup

Correction On Off Turns the amplitude correction

function on or off for the selected set.
The corrections state must be set to On
for the correction to be applied.
Key Access: Meas Setup, More,
Corrections, Cable
NOTE

Allows you to create or edit an
amplitude-correction factor data point.
Up to 200 points may be defined for
each set. Enter the point number to be
created or edited by using the numeric
keypad, then press Enter, or use the
knob, tab, or step keys to move to an
existing point. Press Bk Sp to correct
errors. After selecting a point,
Frequency becomes active.
Key Access: Meas Setup, More,
Corrections, Cable, Edit
Frequency

Allows you to enter the frequency value
for an amplitude-correction point.
Enter the frequency value by using the
numeric keypad. Change the frequency

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Meas Setup

value by using the step keys or the
knob. Press Bk Sp to correct errors.
After selecting a point, Amplitude
becomes active.
A frequency coordinate must always be
specified for amplitude-correction
factors.
Key Access: Meas Setup, More,
Corrections, Cable, Edit
NOTE

NOTE

Amplitude-correction data is sorted in the table by frequency. The
sorting occurs immediately after you have entered the frequency value
via the front-panel.
Amplitude

Allows you to enter the amplitude
value for the current
amplitude-correction point. After
selecting a point, the point number
automatically increments and
Frequency becomes active to allow entry
of the frequency of the next point. Press
Bk Sp to correct errors.
Key Access: Meas Setup, More,
Corrections, Cable, Edit
Delete Point

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Meas Setup

Key Access: Meas Setup, More,
Corrections, Cable, Edit
Delete Correction Allows you to clear all data from the

Allows you to correct for gain or loss other than for
antenna, cable, or user.
Key Access: Meas Setup, More, Corrections
Correction On Off Turns the amplitude correction

function on or off for the selected set.
The corrections state must be set to On
for the correction to be applied.
NOTE

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Meas Setup

knob, tab, or step keys to move to an
existing point. Press Bk Sp to correct
errors. After selecting a point,
Frequency becomes active.
Key Access: Meas Setup, More,
Corrections, Other, Edit
Frequency

NOTE

Amplitude-correction data is sorted in the table by frequency. The
sorting occurs immediately after you have entered the frequency value
via the front-panel.
Amplitude

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Front-Panel Key Reference
Meas Setup

Key Access: Meas Setup, More,
Corrections, Other, Edit
Delete Point

Allows you to delete the
amplitude-correction data for the
currently selected point. The prompt If
you are sure, press key again to
delete will appear on the display.
Pressing Delete Point again will delete
the point and adjust all of the point
numbers as appropriate.
Key Access: Meas Setup, More,
Corrections, Other, Edit
Delete Correction Allows you to clear all data from the

Allows you to correct for gain or loss and may be used
for any type of correction.
Key Access: Meas Setup, More, Corrections
Correction On Off Turns the amplitude correction

function on or off for the selected set.
The corrections state must be set to On
for the correction to be applied.
Key Access: Meas Setup, More,
Corrections, User
NOTE

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Meas Setup

will be applied only after the editor is
closed. The Tab keys are very useful for
navigation between rows in the
corrections table.
Key Access: Meas Setup, More,
Corrections, User
Point

Allows you to create or edit an
amplitude-correction factor data point.
Up to 200 points may be defined for
each set. Enter the point number to be
created or edited by using the numeric
keypad, then press Enter, or use the
knob, tab, or step keys to move to an
existing point. Press Bk Sp to correct
errors. After selecting a point,
Frequency becomes active.
Key Access: Meas Setup, More,
Corrections, User, Edit
Frequency

NOTE

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Front-Panel Key Reference
Meas Setup

NOTE

Amplitude-correction data is sorted in the table by frequency. The
sorting occurs immediately after you have entered the frequency value
via the front-panel.
Amplitude

Allows you to enter the amplitude
value for the current
amplitude-correction point. After
selecting a point, the point number
automatically increments and
Frequency becomes active to allow entry
of the frequency of the next point. Press
Bk Sp to correct errors.
Key Access: Meas Setup, More,
Corrections, User, Edit
Delete Point

Allows you to delete the
amplitude-correction data for the
currently selected point. The prompt If
you are sure, press key again to
delete will appear on the display.
Pressing Delete Point again will delete
the point and adjust all of the point
numbers as appropriate.
Key Access: Meas Setup, More,
Corrections, User, Edit
Delete Correction Allows you to clear all data from the

selected amplitude-correction set. The
prompt If you are sure, press key
again to delete will appear on the
display. Pressing Delete again will
delete the correction set.
Key Access: Meas Setup, More,
Corrections, User
Freq Interp
Log Lin

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Meas Setup
Delete all Corrections Allows you to delete all amplitude-correction sets.

Key Access: Meas Setup, More, Corrections, More
MeasDetector

Allows you to choose between the following menu selections.
Key Access: Meas Setup, More.
Peak
On Off

Allows you to turn peak measurements On or Off.
When Peak is On, you can change the measurement
dwell time. If this detector is On, the Measure at
Marker and the Auto-measure functions make a peak
detector measurement for the specified dwell time.
Default is On with a 200 ms dwell time.
Key Access: Meas Setup, More, Meas Detector

Quasi Peak
On Off

Allows you to turn quasi-peak measurement On or Off.
When Quasi Peak is On, you can change the
measurement dwell time. If this detector is On, the
Measure at Marker and the Auto-measure functions
make a quasi-peak detector measurement for the
specified dwell time. Default is On with a 200 ms dwell
time.
Key Access: Meas Setup, More, Meas Detector

Average
On Off

Allows you to turn average measurement On or Off.
When Average is On, you can change the measurement
dwell time. If this detector is On, the Measure at
Marker and the Auto-measure functions make an
Average detector measurement for the specified dwell
time. Default is On with a 200 ms dwell time.
Key Access: Meas Setup, More, Meas Detector

Range Dwell

Specifies the amount of time the analyzer dwells on a
signal during ranging. Ranging is the first step in a
signal measurement. During ranging, the analyzer
sweeps for the specified range dwell time, before
adjusting the signal peak to the top of the screen for
further measurements. If system defaults are restored,
Range Dwell will default to 200 ms. See “Dwell Time
Settings” in the Measurement Techniques” Chapter of
the Agilent EMC Analyzer EMC Measurement Guide
for more information.
Key Access: Meas Setup, More, Meas Detector

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Front-Panel Key Reference
Meas Setup
Center Presel

Agilent E7403A, E7404A, and E7405A only. Allows you
to turn the center preselector filter On or Off. This
determines whether or not you do a preselector center
before each measurement in the preselected bands.
Key Access: Meas Setup, More, Meas Detector

Show All

Clears all the text, annotation, traces, etc. off the analyzer screen and
replaces them with a tabular listing of the settings that are currently in
effect. ESC will restore the instrument settings. From the Show All
menu, you can move backward (Previous) or forward (Next) to see all the
current settings.
Key Access: Meas Setup, More
Next

Allows you to access the next page of current
measurement setup settings. It is grayed out if you are
on the last page or only one page exists.
Key Access: Meas Setup, More, Show All

Allows you to access the previous page of current
measurement setup settings. It is grayed out if you are
on the last page or only one page exists.
Key Access: Meas Setup, More, Show All

Define Report

Accesses submenu keys that allow you to define the type of report you
want to produce. Report outputs can include the current screen and or
the current instrument setup. Reports can be sent to a file or sent to a
printer.
Key Access: Meas Setup More
Screen

Turns the screen function On or Off. Screen reports are
copies of the data on the screen in GIF format.
Key Access: Meas Setup, More, Define Report

List

Accesses a set of menu keys which allow you to
determine list parameters.
Key Access: Meas Setup, More, Define Report
List
On Off

Used to toggle the inclusion of the
signal list in the report. If Off, the
remaining parameter keys are
unavailable for modification. This key
applies only to the use of the signal list
in a report.
Key Access: Meas Setup, More,
Define Report, List

List Detectors

144

Accesses the List Detectors option
menu.

Chapter 2

Front-Panel Key Reference
Meas Setup

Key Access: Meas Setup, More,
Define Report, List, List Detectors
Peak
On Off

Turns the peak amplitude column On
or Off for report.
Key Access: Meas Setup, More, Define
report, List, List Detectors
QP
On Off

Turns the quasi-peak amplitude
column On or Off for report.
Key Access: Meas Setup, More,
Define Report, List, List Detectors
Avg
On Off

Turns the average amplitude column
On or Off for the report.
Key Access: Meas Setup, More,
Define Report, List, List Detectors
List Limits

Allows the selection of limit lines that
are displayed and added to a report.
Also allows selection of columns
displaying the deference, or delta (∆), in
dB, between measured values and the
selected limit line for the selected
detector.
Key Access: Meas Setup, More,
Define Report, List
Limit 1
On Off

Determines if limit line 1 amplitude is
added to the report.
Key Access: Meas Setup, More,
Define Report, List, List Limits
Limit 2
On Off

Determines if limit line 2 amplitude is
added to the report.
Key Access: Meas Setup, More,
Define Report, List, List Limits
Limit 1 ∆

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Front-Panel Key Reference
Meas Setup

Accesses limit line 1∆ menu which
allows the selection of specific limit line
deltas that will appear for which
detectors in the report. These detectors
can be turned on or off: Peak, QP, Avg.
Key Access: Meas Setup, More,
Define Report, List , List Limits
Peak
On Off

Turns the peak amplitude column on or
off for the report.
Key Access: Meas Setup, More,
Define Report, List , List Limits, Limit 1∆
QP
On Off

Turns the quasi–peak amplitude
column on or off for the report
Key Access: Meas Setup, More,
Define Report, List , List Limits, Limit 1∆
Avg
On Off

Turns the average column on or off for
the report
Key Access: Meas Setup, More,
Define Report, List , List Limits, Limit 1∆
Limit 2 ∆

Turns the peak amplitude column on or
off for the report.
Key Access: Meas Setup, More,
Define Report, List , List Limits, Limit 2∆
QP

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Meas Setup
On Off

Turns the quasi–peak amplitude
column on or off for the report
Key Access: Meas Setup, More,
Define Report, List, List Limits, Limit 2∆
Avg
On Off

Turns the average column on or off for
the report
Key Access: Meas Setup, More,
Define Report, List, List Limits, Limit 2∆
List Comments
Turns List Comments On or Off for the
On Off

report.
Key Access: Meas Setup, More,
Define Report, List
List Corr
On Off

Determines if amplitude list correction
values are included in the report.
Key Access: Meas Setup, More,
Define Report, List

List Marked
On Off

Determines if marked signals will be
included in the report.
Key Access: Meas Setup, More,
Define Report, List

Settings

Allows you to include current settings in the report. You
can view the current setting information by pressing
Meas Setup, More, Show All.
Key Access: Meas Setup, More, Define Report

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Front-Panel Key Reference
MEASURE

MEASURE
Access a menu of keys which are designed to assist in making EMI
measurements.
These keys include: Tune, Marker Normal, Marker to List, Meas at Marker,
Meas to List, Freq Scan, Signal List , and Auto-measure.
Tune

Displays the center frequency. Use the step keys to change the value up
or down, the numeric keypad to enter a specific center frequency, or the
knob to fine tune the value in single increments.
If Center Frequency Step is set to auto and Span is set to zero, the
increment is set to the Resolution Bandwidth value.
If Center Frequency Step is set to auto and Span is set to a value
greater than zero, the increment is set to the Span value divided by
ten.
If Center Frequency Step is set to manual, the increment is set to
the Center Frequency Step value you have entered.
Key access: MEASURE.

Marker Normal

Activates a single frequency marker at the center frequency on the
active trace if an on-screen marker is not displayed. If there is an
on-screen marker before the marker normal function is pressed, the
existing marker is kept active. Use the step keys, numeric keypad, or
knob to position the marker. The step keys move the marker next peak
left or next peak right. The frequency and amplitude of the marker is
indicated in the active function block and the upper right hand corner of
the screen. The marker stays on the trace unless a “marker to” function
is selected. Pressing marker normal turns off the marker delta function.
Key Access: MEASURE.

Marker to List

Adds the frequency and amplitude identified with the current marker
to the signal display list. The frequency and amplitude pair are known
as an element. New elements are added to the end of the signal list,
Signal Added To List appears at the bottom of the screen.
Key Access: MEASURE

Meas at Marker

Makes a measurement using specified detectors. The Measure at
Marker function performs a zoom to zero span at the marker frequency.
The signal is then ranged to the top of the screen using the dwell time
specified in range dwell. and a sweep using the dwell time associated
with each of the selected detectors (peak, quasi-peak, or average) is
performed. If there is no marker on the screen then one is turned on
and put on the highest peak on the screen. As part of the zoom down
process, the signal is centered on the screen.

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Front-Panel Key Reference
MEASURE

Key Access: MEASURE.
Meas to List

Places the measurement results produced by the measure at marker
function into a signal list element and appends the element to the end
of the signal list.
Key Access: MEASURE.

Freq Scan
On Off

Turns Freq Scan On or Off. When it is turned off the analyzer will
decrease the span until the span reaches 0 Hz. It does this with the
intent of keeping a signal at or near the marker centered in the screen.
When a span of 0 Hz is reached, the analyzer is tuned to the signal’s
frequency. The original span is saved and restored when the Freq Scan
in turned on.
During the zoom down process the noise floor is measured and if the
amplitude at the end of the zoom is close to the noise, a message No
Signal Found is put on the screen.
Key Access: MEASURE.

Signal List

The signal list is used for presentation, storage, and manipulation of
the highest amplitude signals from selected detector measurements.
Signals are added to the list as measurements are made or entries can
be made for specific frequencies by manipulating markers and adding
them to the list before the measurement is made.
A signal list detail line contains: the index number; the frequency; the
amplitude for the peak, quasi-peak, or average detectors; and the delta
to limit line 1 or 2. An arrow (→) symbol is used to identify marked
signal list items. The last two columns contain one of the following
pieces of information: delta to peak data, delta to quasi-peak data, delta
to average, or comment for display or editing. Current settings for
detectors, limit lines, deltas, and dwell times are maintained and
updated.
When a signal is highlighted the marker is moved to the frequency of
the signal. If the frequency is not currently on the screen, the analyzer
is tuned to that frequency (center frequency) and then the marker is
placed on the frequency. The span remains constant unless limited by
the hardware.
Items added to the signal list appear on the display if they are within
the section of the list items displayed on the screen. As items are added
the total item count is updated on the screen. If the item has associated
measurement results, they are also displayed. If a signal has not been
measured with a detector, that area is left blank. New signals are
always appended to the end of the signal list, regardless of the sort
order.
Key Access: MEASURE, More
Signal List

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MEASURE
On Off

This key is used to switch between signal list display
(split screen) and normal analyzer display. The upper
portion of the split screen is the active window with the
live trace. The lower portion of the screen displays the
signal list that contains the active (live) signal list item.
As the active signal list item is changed, the number
displayed in the menu key is updated to show the active
list item index. An annotation is maintained that shows
which item is current out of the total items (example: 1
of 8 or 44 of 200). A total of 2000 points can be added.
Key Access: MEASURE, More, Signal List

Save/Load

NOTE

Accesses menu keys that allow you to save analyzer
setups, states, traces, limits, corrections and screen
data to a floppy (A:) drive or internal flash (C:) drive.

Never remove the floppy disk during a save operation. To do so could
corrupt all data on the floppy disk.
Key Access: MEASURE, More, Signal List
Load

Allows you to load a signal list file from
saved files of the graticule screen. Refer
to Load on page 98 for the available
menu options
Key Access: MEASURE, More, Signal List,
Save/Load

Save

Allows you to save a signal list file to a
floppy (A:) drive or internal flash (C:)
drive. Refer to Save on page 94 for the
available menu options
Key Access: MEASURE, More, Signal List,
Save/Load

List Edit

Accesses the submenu used to select which delta limit
parameters will appear in the signal list. It also enables
the selection of comments in the signal list.
Key Access: MEASURE, More, Signal List
Signal List
On Off

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MEASURE

the signal, the marker in the upper
window is moved to the frequency of
the signal, and if the frequency is not
currently on the screen, the analyzer is
tuned to that frequency (center
frequency).
Key Access: MEASURE, More, Signal List,
List Edit
Edit Comment

Pressing this key enables the comment
field for display in the signal list.
Key Access: MEASURE, More, Signal List,
List Edit
Change
Comment

Pressing this key will activate the
Alpha Editor and display the selected
comments (if any). The backspace
arrow key (←) may be used to erase
individual characters in the comment.
The Alpha Editor can be used to add
characters to an existing comment or
add comments to the list. This key is
only active when there are signals in
the list and the list is being displayed.
Key Access: MEASURE, More, Signal List,
List Edit, Edit Comment
Clear
Comment

Pressing this key clears the comment
for the selected signal from the signal
list. This key is only active when there
are signals in the list and the list is
being displayed.
Key Access: MEASURE, More, Signal List,
List Edit, Edit Comment
Peak Ampl

Pressing this key will enable the peak
delta values for display in the signal
list.
Key Access: MEASURE, More, Signal List,
List Edit

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MEASURE

NOTE

The Peak ∆ LL1 and Peak ∆ LL2 values are displayed in the signal list
if the appropriate limit line is turned on and Limit Test has been turned
On.
QP Ampl

Pressing this key will enable the
quasi-peak delta values for display in
the signal list.
Key Access: MEASURE, More, Signal List,
List Edit

NOTE

The Quasi-Peak ∆ LL1 and Quasi-Peak ∆ LL2 values are displayed in
the signal list if the appropriate limit line is turned on and Limit Test
has been turned On.
AV Ampl

NOTE

Pressing this key will enable the
average delta values for display in the
signal list.

The Average ∆ LL1 and Average ∆ LL2 values are displayed in the
signal list if the appropriate limit line is turned on and Limit Test has
been turned On.
Key Access: MEASURE, More, Signal List,
List Edit
Comment

Selects the comment data to be
displayed for each signal list element.
Note that when you select this key, it
will turn off other delta limit line
selections in this menu.
Key Access: MEASURE, More, Signal List,
List Edit

Sort Signals

Accesses a list of sort options. You can define how you
want the signal list to be displayed and determine if
you want the list in ascending (Asc) or descending (Dsc)
order. These options include: By Freq, By Pk Ampl,
By QP Ampl, By AV Ampl, By ∆ LL1, and By ∆ LL2. The
current sort order is underlined. Pressing the key again
changes the sort order. The signal list display is
refreshed when a new sort order is indicated.
Key Access: MEASURE, More, Signal List
Signal List
On Off

152

Switches between signal list display
(split screen) and normal analyzer
display. The upper portion of the split

Chapter 2

Front-Panel Key Reference
MEASURE

screen contains the live display. The
lower portion of the screen displays the
signal list. As the current signal list is
changed, the number displayed in the
menu key (list item index) is updated,
the signal, the marker in the upper
window is moved to the frequency of
the signal, and if the frequency is not
currently on the screen, the analyzer is
tuned to that frequency (center
frequency).
Key Access: MEASURE, More, Signal List,
Sort Signals
By Freq
Asc Dsc

Specifies that the elements in the
signal list will be sorted based on the
frequency in ascending or descending
order.
Key Access: MEASURE, More, Signal List,
Sort Signals

By Pk Ampl
Asc Dsc

Specifies that the elements in the
signal list will be sorted based on the
peak detector amplitude in ascending
or descending order.
Key Access: MEASURE, More, Signal List,
Sort Signals

By QP Ampl
Asc Dsc

Specifies that the elements in the
signal list will be sorted based on the
quasi-peak detector amplitude in
ascending or descending order.
Key Access: MEASURE, More, Signal List,
Sort Signals

By AV Ampl
Asc Dsc

Specifies that the elements in the
signal list will be sorted based on the
average detector amplitude in
ascending or descending order.
Key Access: MEASURE, More, Signal List,
Sort Signals

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MEASURE
By ∆ LL1
Asc Dsc

Specifies that the elements in the
signal list will be sorted based on the
delta to limit line 1 in ascending or
descending order.
Key Access: MEASURE, More, Signal List,
Sort Signals

By ∆ LL2
Asc Dsc

Specifies that the elements in the
signal list will be sorted based on the
delta to limit line 2 in ascending or
descending order.
Key Access: MEASURE, More, Signal List,
Sort Signals

Delete Signals

Accesses the delete signals option menu.
Key Access: MEASURE, More, Signal List
Signal List
On Off

Switches between signal list display
(split screen) and normal analyzer
display. The upper portion of the split
screen contains the live display. The
lower portion of the screen displays the
signal list. As the current signal list is
changed, the number displayed in the
menu key (list item index) is updated,
the signal, the marker in the upper
window is moved to the frequency of
the signal, and if the frequency is not
currently on the screen, the analyzer is
tuned to that frequency (center
frequency).
Key Access: MEASURE, More, Signal List,
Delete Signals

Delete Signal

Deletes the highlighted signal list
element identified by index number.
Key Access: MEASURE, More, Signal List,
Delete Signals

Delete All

Accesses a Delete Signals submenu
where you can choose either Yes or No
to delete all the elements of a signal
list.
Key Access: MEASURE, More, Signal List,
Delete Signals

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MEASURE
Yes

Executes the deletion of all the
elements of a signal list.
No

Cancels the deletion of all the elements
of a signal list.
Delete Mrkd

Accesses the Delete Mrkd menu where
you can choose either Yes or No to
delete only the marked elements of a
signal list.
Key Access: MEASURE, More, Signal List,
Delete Signals
Yes

Executes the deletion of the marked
elements of a signal list.
No

Cancels the deletion of the marked
elements of a signal list.
Remeasure

Accesses the submenu used for determining which
signal list elements are to be remeasured. As each item
is remeasured, the active trace screen is tuned to the
frequency and the current set of detectors is used to
perform the measurements. As results are completed,
they appear in the appropriate area in the signal list
display. If an error occurred during the sweep, then the
error is noted for that signal list item.
Key Access: MEASURE, More, Signal List
Signal List
On Off

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MEASURE

Key Access: MEASURE, More, Signal List,
Remeasure
Remeasure

Remeasures the currently highlighted
element in the signal list using the
current set of measurement
parameters.
Key Access: MEASURE, More, Signal List,
Remeasure

Remeas All

Remeasures all the signals in the
signal list using the current set of
measurement parameters.
Key Access: MEASURE, More, Signal List,
Remeasure

Remeas Mrkd

Remeasures all the marked signals in
the signal list using the current set of
measurement parameters.
Key Access: MEASURE, More, Signal List,
Remeasure

MeasDetector

Allows you to choose between the
following menu selections.
Key Access: MEASURE, More, Signal List,
Remeasure
Peak
On Off

Allows you to turn peak measurements
On and Off. When Peak is On, you can
change the measurement dwell time. If
this detector is On, the Measure at
Marker and Auto-measure functions
make a peak detector measurement for
the specified dwell time. Default is On
with a 200 ms dwell time.
Key Access: MEASURE, More, Signal List,
Remeasure , MeasDetector
Quasi Peak
On Off

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MEASURE

quasi-peak detector measurement for
the specified dwell time. Default is On
with a 200 ms dwell time.
Key Access: MEASURE, More,
Auto Measure
Average
On Off

Allows you to turn average
measurements On and Off. When
Average is On, you can change the
measurement dwell time. If this
detector is On, the Measure at Marker
and Auto-measure functions make an
average detector measurement for the
specified dwell time. Default is On with
a 200 ms dwell time.
Key Access: MEASURE, More, Signal List,
Remeasure, MeasDetector
Range Dwell

Specifies the amount of time the
analyzer dwells on a signal during
ranging. Ranging is the first step in a
signal measurement. During ranging,
the analyzer sweeps for the specified
range dwell time, before adjusting the
signal peak to the top of the screen for
further measurements. If system
defaults are restored, Range Dwell will
default to 200 ms. See “Dwell Time
Settings” in the Measurement
Techniques” Chapter of the Agilent
EMC Analyzer Measurement Guide for
more information.
Key Access: MEASURE, More, Signal List,
Remeasure, RemeasDetector
Center Presel
On Off

Agilent E7403A, E7404A, and E7405A
only. Allows you to turn the center
preselector filter On or Off. This
determines whether or not you do a
preselector center before each
measurement in the preselected bands.

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MEASURE

Key Access: MEASURE, More, Signal List,
Remeasure , MeasDetector
Signal Marking Accesses to the submenu used for determining which

signal elements are to be marked.
Key Access: MEASURE, More, Signal List
Signal List

Switches between signal list display
(split screen) and normal analyzer
display. The upper portion of the split
screen contains the live display. The
lower portion of the screen displays the
signal list. As the current signal list is
changed, the number displayed in the
menu key (list item index) is updated,
the signal, the marker in the upper
window is moved to the frequency of
the signal, and if the frequency is not
currently on the screen, the analyzer is
tuned to that frequency (center
frequency). Use the Step keys or knob
to move around the signal list.
Key Access: MEASURE, More, Signal List,
Signal Marking

Mark Signal

Marks the currently highlighted signal.
A symbol appears next to the entry to
distinguish it from unmarked signals.
Key Access: MEASURE, More, Signal List,
Signal Marking

Clear Mark

Clears the mark from the selected
signal list item.
Key Access: MEASURE, More, Signal List,
Signal Marking

Mark All

Marks all the signals in the signal list
for further processing. A symbol
appears next to the entries to
distinguish them from unmarked
signals.
Key Access: MEASURE, More, Signal List,
Signal Marking

Clear All

Clears all the marks from the currently
highlighted signals in the signal list.
Key Access: MEASURE, More, Signal List,
Signal Marking

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MEASURE
Select Marks

Accesses the following Select Marks
menu keys.
Key Access: MEASURE, More, Signal List,
Signal Marking
Signal List
On Off

Marks all the signals from the current
signal list item to the end of the signal
list.
Key Access: MEASURE, More, Signal List,
Signal Marking, Select Marks
Mark All Dups

Marks all items with the same
(duplicate) frequency.
Key Access: MEASURE, More, Signal List,
Signal Marking, Select Marks
Mark Lwr Dups

Marks all duplicate items with a lower
amplitude.
Key Access: MEASURE, More, Signal List,
Signal Marking, Select Marks
Complement

Marks all unmarked items and
unmarks all items that are marked.

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MEASURE

Key Access: MEASURE, More, Signal List,
Signal Marking, Select Marks
Auto-measure

Accesses the Auto-measure menu. The auto measure function performs
a measure at marker on all signals that meet the criteria (above the
margin or peak excursion) followed by an add to the list of all the
signals on the screen.
Key Access: MEASURE, More.
Start

Starts the Auto-measure process. Pressing this softkey
starts a series of routines which are designed to detect
the presence of signals and perform zero span
measurements on each one. As the measurement is
made, each signal is swept once (on the screen) to help
you keep track of the progress of the measurement. The
sweep that is shown is the last sweep before zooming to
zero span. If the signal list is turned On, you can see
each signal as it is added to the end of the signal list.
Key Access: MEASURE, More, Auto Measure

Sigs > Margin

When On is selected, only the signals above the lowest
limit line margin on the screen are measured. If Off is
selected or no margin is on the screen then all the
signals on the screen that meet peak excursion are
measured. Default is Off.
Key Access: MEASURE, More, Auto Measure

Peak
On Off

Allows you to turn peak measurements On and Off.
When Peak is On, you can change the measurement
dwell time. If this detector is On, the Measure at
Marker and Auto-measure functions make a peak
detector measurement for the specified dwell time.
Default is On with a 200 ms dwell time.
Key Access: MEASURE, More, Auto Measure

Quasi Peak
On Off

Allows you to turn quasi-peak measurements On and
Off. When Quasi Peak is On, you can change the
measurement dwell time. If this detector is On, the
Measure at Marker and Auto-measure functions make
a quasi-peak detector measurement for the specified
dwell time. Default is On with a 200 ms dwell time.
Key Access: MEASURE, More, Auto Measure

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MEASURE
Average
On Off

Allows you to turn average measurements On and Off.
When Average is On, you can change the measurement
dwell time. If this detector is On, the Measure at
Marker and Auto-measure functions make an average
detector measurement for the specified dwell time.
Default is On with a 200 ms dwell time.
Key Access: MEASURE, More, Auto Measure

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MODE

MODE
Selects the measurement mode of your analyzer. EMC analyzer mode
(EMC ) is the default mode and currently, the only mode available.

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Mode Setup

Mode Setup
Brings up a menu for setting up the current mode. The (EMC) mode has
no mode setup functions.

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Next Window

Next Window
Allows you to select the active window in functions which support
split-screen display modes, such as zone span. In split-screen display
modes, pressing Zoom allows you to switch between split-screen and
full-sized displays of the active window. See also “Zoom”.
NOTE

The active window is indicated by a solid green box around the window.

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Peak Search

Peak Search
Places a marker on the highest peak based on the setting of the search
parameters, Max (default) or Param. Refer to Peak Search Type on
page 168, for more information on the effect of setting Peak Search to
Max or Param. When you preset the analyzer, the Peak Search is set to
Max unless you save Peak Search (Param) as part of the user preset
conditions and set Preset to User. Refer to Preset on page 170, for more
information on presetting the analyzer.
NOTE

All peak search functions ignore the LO feedthrough. Peak Search may
locate the LO feedthrough when FREQUENCY, Scale Type (Log) is
selected.

Meas Tools

Accesses the following frequently used menu keys which are replicated
here for your convenience.
Peak Search

Performs peak search as described above.
Key access: Peak Search, Meas Tools

Next Pk Right

Refer to “Next Pk Right” on page 166.
Key access: Peak Search, Meas Tools

Next Pk Left

Refer to “Next Pk Left” on page 166 of this chapter.
Key access: Peak Search, Meas Tools

Delta

Refer to “Delta” on page 115.
Key access: Peak Search, Meas Tools

Mkr → CF

Refer to “Mkr → CF” on page 116.
Key access: Peak Search, Meas Tools

Mkr → Ref Lvl

Refer to “Mkr → Ref Lvl” on page 117.
Key access: Peak Search, Meas Tools

Function

Refer to “Function” on page 118.
Key Access: Peak Search, Meas Tools
Band Power

Refer to “Band Power” on page 118.
Key Access: Peak Search, Meas Tools,
Function

Marker Noise

Refer to “Marker Noise” on page 118.
Key Access: Peak Search, Meas Tools,
Function

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Front-Panel Key Reference
Peak Search
Off

Refer to “Off” on page 116.
Key Access: Peak Search, Meas Tools,
Function

Next Peak

Places the marker on the next highest peak. The signal peak must
exceed the peak threshold value by the peak excursion value. If there is
no peak, the marker will not move. (Also see the Peak Excursion and
Peak Threshold key descriptions.)
Key Access: Search

Next Pk Right

Moves the marker to the next peak to the right of the current marker.
The signal peak must exceed the peak threshold value by the peak
excursion value. If there is no peak to the right, the marker will not
move and the No Peak Found error message will appear on the display.
(Also see the Peak Excursion and Peak Threshold key descriptions.)
Key Access: Search

Next Pk Left

Moves the marker to the next peak to the left of the current marker.
The signal peak must exceed the peak threshold value by the peak
excursion value. If there is no peak to the left, the marker will not move
and the No Peak Found error message will appear on the display. (Also
see the Peak Excursion and Peak Threshold key descriptions.)
Key Access: Search

Min Search

Moves the active marker to the minimum detected amplitude value.
Key Access: Search

Pk-Pk Search

Finds and displays the frequency (or time, if in zero span) and
amplitude differences between the highest and lowest trace points.
Key Access: Search

Continuous Pk
On Off

When a marker is placed on a signal and Continuous Pk (On) is pressed,
the marker will remain on the signal even if the signal changes in
frequency and amplitude.
Key Access: Search, More

N dB Points
On Off

Activates the N dB function. Pressing N dB Points (On) turns on the
N dB feature and activates two arrows that are N dB down from the
marker. The frequency difference between the two arrows will be
displayed in the upper right-hand corner of the display. If the feature is
unable to find data N dB below the marker, the value of –100 Hz will be
displayed in the upper right-hand corner of the display.

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Peak Search

For example, N dB Points can be used to measure the 3 dB bandwidth
of a filter in a transmission test with the tracking generator. The
default value is –3 dB. Possible values range from −1.00 dB to
−80.00 dB. You can enter values to a resolution of 0.01 dB using the
numeric key pad, 0.1 dB using the knob, or 10 dB using the step keys.
The measured signal cannot have more than one peak that is greater
than or equal to N dB. A signal must be greater than the peak
excursion above the peak threshold to be identified. The setting for
peak excursion may be increased from the –6 dB default value so that
noise will not be identified as signals. Increasing the value too much
may cause a smaller signal to be missed or misinterpreted as part of a
larger signal. The amplitude scale may be either linear or logarithmic.
The N dB function follows the active marker. If you turn on a marker
after N dB Points has been activated, the arrows will follow that
marker. If the marker associated with N dB Points moves, the arrows
will move with the marker unless there is no data N dB below the
marker.
Key Access: Search, More
Search Criteria

Accesses the following menu keys:
Key access: Search, More
Peak Excursion Sets the minimum amplitude variation of signals that

the marker can identify as a peak. If a value of 10 dB is
selected, the marker moves only to peaks that rise and
fall more than 10 dB above the peak threshold value.
Pressing Preset (when Preset Type is set to Factory) or
turning on power resets the excursion to 6 dB and the
threshold to 90 dB below the reference level,
(16.99 dBµV).
NOTE

Two signal peaks, which are so close together that the amplitude drop
between them is less than the peak-excursion value, are not recognized
as two peaks. A signal peak is recognized only if it has a peak excursion
drop above the noise floor, on both sides of the signal.
When the peak excursion value is 6 dB or higher, the
marker-peaking functions do not recognize signals less
than the peak excursion value above the noise floor. To
correct this, when measuring signals near the noise
floor, the excursion value can be reduced even further.
To prevent the marker from identifying noise as
signals, reduce the noise floor variance to a value less
than the peak-excursion value by reducing the video
bandwidth or by using video averaging.
Key access: Peak Search, More, Search Criteria

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Peak Search
Peak Threshold Sets the minimum amplitude of signals that the

marker can identify as a peak. For example, if a value
of 16.99 dBµV is selected, the marker moves only to
peaks that rise and fall more than the peak excursion
value above 16.99 dBµV. Pressing Preset or turning the
Power on resets the excursion to 6 dB and the threshold
to 16.99 dBµV.
The value of the threshold appears in the
active-function block and on the lower-left side of the
display. The threshold level does not influence the trace
memory or marker position. The value of the peak
threshold level can be changed using the step keys, the
knob, or the numeric keypad. Pressing any digit, 0
through 9, on the numeric keypad brings up the
selected terminator menu.
Key access: Peak Search, More, Search Criteria
Peak Search
Type

Allows you to select the peak search mode.
Key access: Peak Search, More, Search Criteria
Max Value

When Peak Search Type is set to Max
Value, a peak search places a marker on
the highest peak, excluding the LO
feedthrough peak.
Key Access: Peak Search, More, Search
Criteria , Peak Search Type

Excursion &
Threshold

When Peak Search is set to Excursion &
Threshold, a peak search places a
marker on a peak that meets the Peak
Excursion and Peak Threshold
parameters. If Peak Search Type is set
to Excursion &Threshold and no peak
satisfies the selected parameters, a
marker is placed at the center of the
trace, and the error message, No Peak
Found will appear. Refer to, Show Errors
on page 194, to remove the error
message.
Key Access: Peak Search, More, Search
Criteria , Peak Search Type

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Peak Search
Peak Table

Accesses the following Peak Table menu keys:
Key Access: Peak Search, More 1 of 2
Peak Table
On Off

Displays a list of up to ten signal peaks that is updated
at the end of each sweep. The peaks can be sorted in
order by descending amplitude or by ascending
frequency. Peaks above or below the display line can be
excluded from the table. The peak table function works
with trace 1 only.
Key Access: Search, More, Peak Table

Peak Sort
Freq Amptd

Switches the peak table sorting routine between listing
the peaks in order by descending amplitude or by
ascending frequency.
Key Access: Search, More, Peak Table

Peak Readout

Accesses the following Peak Readout menu keys:
Key Access: Search, More, Peak Table
Normal

Shows up to ten signal peaks.
Key Access: Search, More, Peak Table, Peak Readout
> Display Line

Shows only peaks above the display line.
Key Access: Search, More, Peak Table, Peak Readout
< Display Line

Shows only peaks below the display line.
Key Access: Search, More, Peak Table, Peak Readout

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Preset

Preset
Provides a known convenient starting point of the instrument state for
making measurements. You can select whether a user preset, mode
preset, or factory preset is performed. When you press Preset, the
default is Mode preset, which will set the analyzer to the default state
for the current mode. The user preset is user-defined using the Save
User Preset function in the System menu (Press System, Power On/Preset,
Save User Preset.) The Preset Type selection (User, Mode or Factory) can
be set by pressing System, Power On/Preset, Preset Type.
NOTE

The Preset menu keys are only available when the Preset Type key in
the System menu is set to User. Press System, Power On/Preset, Preset
Type, User.
If Preset Type is set to Factory in the System menu:
Pressing the Preset front-panel key performs a factory preset, which
performs the following:
Brings up the Measure Setup menu.
Sets certain conditions to their default values.
Performs a processor test, but does not affect alignment data.
Clears both the input and output buffers and clears all trace data.
Sets the amplitude values of trace 2 and 3 to the bottom of the
screen.
• Amplitude-correction factors are turned off, but remain in analyzer
memory.
• Limit line testing is turned off, but the limit line tables remain in
analyzer memory.
• The status byte is set to 0.
•
•
•
•
•

See Table 2-3 on page 171 for the conditions established by performing
a factory preset.
NOTE

For Agilent E7402A or E7405A with Option UKB, E7403A, and E7404A
only, you can specify alternating current (ac) or direct current (dc)
coupling at the analyzer input. Selecting ac coupling blocks any dc
voltage at the analyzer input, but also decreases the frequency range of
the analyzer. Make sure the analyzer is dc coupled when measuring
below 100 kHz for Agilent E7403A and E7404A and below 10 MHz for
Agilent E7405A. (See “Input/Output” in this chapter for more
information on this setting.)
If Preset Type is set to User in the System menu:
Pressing the Preset front-panel key brings up the User Preset , Mode
Preset, and Factory Preset menu keys.

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Preset

• If User Preset is pressed, the user preset state is recalled. To set the
user preset state, change the analyzer settings as desired, then press
System, Power On/Preset, Save User Preset.
• If Mode Preset is pressed, the current mode settings are reset to the
factory defaults. Pressing Mode Preset does not change the mode.
• If Factory Preset is pressed, a factory preset will be performed as
described above.
NOTE

Recalling any state, including the user preset state, will affect the
conditions of more parameters than are affected by a factory preset. For
example, external preamp gain and input impedance correction are not
affected by a factory preset but may be affected by a user preset.

NOTE

In the System menu, if Power On is set to Preset, and Preset Type is set to
Factory, turning on the analyzer performs a factory preset. The last
state of the analyzer (before it was turned off) is recalled if Power On is
set to Last. The user preset state is recalled if Power On is set to Preset
and Preset Type is set to User.

Table 2-3

Factory Preset Conditions
Amplitude correction factors

off

Amplitude units

dBµV log

Annotation and graticule
display

Attenuation

10 dB (auto-coupled)

Center frequency:

600 MHz

CF step size

10% of span

Coupled functions

all set to AUTO

Detector

Peak (auto-coupled)

Display line level

–25 dBm, display off

Frequency (scale type)

Linear

Frequency offset

0 Hz

Input Coupling1
E7402A & E7405A with
Option UKB, E7403A and
E7404A

Int Preamp

off

Limit line testing

off

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Preset

Table 2-3

Factory Preset Conditions (Continued)
Log scale (Amplitude)

10 dB/division

Marker count

off

Marker counter resolution

auto-coupled

Markers

off

Max Mixer level

–10 dBm

Reference level

0 dBm in power-on units (+107 dBµV)

Reference level offset

0 dB

Reference level position

top (10th) graticule

Resolution bandwidth

120 kHz (EMI coupled)

Span

800 MHz

Speaker

Off

SRQ mask

Start Frequency

200 MHz

Stop Frequency

1000 MHz

State Registers

unaffected

Sweep

continuous

Sweep Time

120.8 ms (auto coupled)

Sweep Points

401

Threshold level

–90 dBm, display off

Title

cleared

Trace 1

clear-write

Trace 2

blank, at bottom of display

Trace 3

blank, at bottom of display

Trigger

free run

Trig Delay Off

1 µsec

Trig Offset Off

0 sec

VBW/RBW ratio

1.000 X (auto-coupled)

Video averaging

off

Video bandwidth

300 kHz (auto-coupled)

1. E7401A and E7402A without Option UKB have fixed AC coupling. E7405A
without Option UKB has fixed DC coupling.

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Preset
User Preset

This key is only available when the Preset Type key is set to User. Press
System , Power On/Preset, Preset Type, User.
User Preset loads the analyzer configuration that existed when Save
User Preset was pressed. If Save User Preset has never been pressed, the

factory preset state is loaded. If the user preset state has been saved
but the load fails for any reason, the error message: Unable to load
user state is displayed in the status line and the state is reset to
whatever it was before the Preset key was pressed. This can sometimes
happen if firmware has been upgraded or applications have been
(un)installed after the user preset state was saved. Save User Preset can
be accessed by pressing System, Power On/Preset.
Key Access: Preset
Mode Preset

This key is only available when the Preset Type key is set to User. Press
System , Power On/Preset, Preset Type, User.
Mode Preset does not change the mode. It only resets the current mode

settings to the factory defaults and to continuous
sweeps/measurements.
Key Access: Preset
Factory Preset

This key is only available when the Preset Type key is set to User. Press
System , Power On/Preset, Preset Type, User.
A factory preset is executed so all of the instrument modes are returned
to the factory default state. A factory preset will not reset “persistent”
functions such as GPIB address, time/date display style, or auto
alignment state to the factory defaults.
Key Access: Preset

Save User Preset

This key is only available when the Preset Type key is set to User. Press
System , Power On/Preset, Preset Type, User.
This key saves the current state of the analyzer into the User Preset
state for recalling when the instrument is user preset. After you save a
state here, you must go to the Preset Type key and select User in order to
have this state used as the preset state.
Key Access: Preset

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Print

Print
The standard I/O Option A4H (GPIB and Parallel) or Option 1AX
(RS-232 and Parallel) only. Print initiates an output of the display data
or report, without an external controller, to a previously specified
graphics printer. Refer to “Printer Setup and Operation” in your Getting
Started or Programmer’s Guide for detailed information about printing.
Press the Print key to immediately print the screen or report to the
currently-defined printer. The screen remains frozen (no further sweeps
are taken) until the data transfer to the printer is complete. Refer to the
Print Setup key description in this chapter for more information about
the structure and definitions of the printer keys.
If you need to abort a print in progress, use the ESC (escape) key.
NOTE

Printing requires an I/O interface. The Agilent EMC Analyzers
Programmer’s Guide, included with the optional interfaces, provides
interface details. Refer to “Printer Setup and Operation” in the Agilent
EMC Analyzers Getting Started Guide for more information about
printing.

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Print Setup

Print Setup
1AX (RS-232 and Parallel) only. Accesses the menu keys which allow
you to define a printer and select printer options.
Print
Screen Report

Pressing Print (Screen) and then the Print key, will print out what is on
the analyzer display. Pressing Print (Report) will print the information
defined under Meas Setup, More, Define Report key sequence.
Key Access: Print Setup

Printer Type

Accesses the Printer Type menu keys. When you connect your printer
and press the Print key, the analyzer will attempt to identify your
printer. If identification is unsuccessful, None or Custom will
automatically be set in the Printer Type menu.
Key Access: Print Setup
None

The Printer Type will automatically be set to None
when you press the Print key with an unsupported
printer connected to your analyzer.
Key Access: Print Setup, Printer Type

Custom

When you press the Print key and the analyzer cannot
identify your printer, Custom will automatically be set
in the Printer Type menu. Setting the Printer Type
menu key to Custom allows you to define your printer
using the Define Custom menu keys.
Key Access: Print Setup, Printer Type

Auto

When Auto is selected, and the Print key is pressed, the
analyzer will attempt to communicate with the printer
and obtain its identification. If the printer is identified,
the print will be successful and no message will appear
on the display. If the analyzer is not able to identify the
printer, the Printer Type will automatically be set to
Custom and an error message asking you to press
Define Custom to set up your printer will be displayed.
If the printer is not supported, the Printer Type will
automatically be set to None and an error message will
inform you that your printer is unsupported.
Key Access: Print Setup, Printer Type

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Front-Panel Key Reference
Print Setup
Define Custom

Allows you to define your printer.
Key Access: Print Setup, Printer Type
Language
PCL3 PCL5

Allows you to define your printer as a Hewlett-Packard
PCL3. (Most DeskJets) or Hewlett-Packard PCL5
(LaserJets and DeskJets: 1100,1200,1600,2000 series)
printer.
Key Access: Print Setup, Define Custom

Color Capable
Yes No

Allows you to define the color capability of your printer.
Key Access: Print Setup, Define Custom

Orientation

Allows you to select either Portrait or Landscape printing. The
Orientation key will not function with a PCL3 (HP DeskJet) printer.
Key Access: Print Setup

Prints/Page
12

Selects the number of prints per page when orientation is set to Portrait.
In Landscape printing, Prints/Page is always set to 1.
Key Access: Print Setup

Eject Page

Ejects your printed page.
Key Access: Print Setup

Page Size

Allows you to select from the following page sizes: Executive, Letter,
Legal, Ledger, A4, and A3.
Key Access: Print Setup, More

Color
On Off

Allows you to select between color or black and white printing. This key
will not function when pressed unless the connected printer supports
color.
Key Access: Print Setup, More

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Restart

Restart
Restarts the auto-measure routine. Pressing this key will start the
automeasure routine again even if setup parameters are changed.
If no measurement is active and Sweep (Single) is selected, a new sweep
is initiated.

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Return

Return
Returns you to the previous menu. Repeated presses of this key move
back through previously selected menus (including previous pages
selected by the MORE key.
NOTE

When a menu requiring a yes or no key press has been accessed, the
Return key will not respond.

NOTE

When entering an alphanumeric value (a screen title or filename),
pressing Return terminates the entry.

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Save

Save
Executes a save operation as though you were in the File, Save menu
and had pressed Save Now. If you have previously used the File, Save,
Save Now keys to setup and save a file, the Save hardkey will save your
file in the same format and to the same location using a new
automatically generated filename. If you have not saved a file since
power on, a state file (.STA format) will be saved to the C: drive.
For example, if you use the File, Save menu to configure the analyzer to
save Trace 1 in .CSV format on the C: drive, using the automatically
generated file name (TRACE001.CSV), then every time the front panel
Save key is pressed, Trace 1 will be saved in .CSV format and the
filename will be incremented (TRACE002.CSV, TRACE003.CSV). This
provides a convenient format for saving several files with the same
format quickly.
NOTE

In the event that a valid save cannot be performed because a drive has
not been selected, the Save key will report the error No drive
selected. In this case, press File, Save and select a drive.

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Single

Single
When analyzer is in continuous sweep mode and not in a measurement
(Measure, Meas Off), this key changes the sweep control to single sweep
and executes a sweep after the trigger condition is met. If the analyzer
is already in single sweep, pressing Single executes a new sweep after
the trigger condition is met.
If Average is on (BW/Avg, Average (On)), pressing Single resets the
average trace and starts the average again from a count of zero. Sweeps
are averaged until N sweeps are then taken (where N is the average
number), and then the sweep is halted.

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Source

Source
Accesses the tracking generator key functions (Options 1DN only).
Without Option 1DN, pressing Source will cause the error message
Option not installed to appear on the analyzer display.
CAUTION

If Auto Align is on, the 3 GHz tracking generator will be momentarily
retuned to approximately 1.557 GHz between most sweeps. Some
devices under test (for example, amplifiers with AGC) may be
susceptible to damage due to this momentary retuning. To avoid this
momentary retuning, turn the auto align off by pressing System,
Alignments, Auto Align, Off. Refer to the Specifications Guide for your
instrument to learn more information about using the analyzer with
Auto Align set to off.

Amplitude
On Off

Activates (On) or deactivates (Off) the output power of the tracking
generator. The power level can then be adjusted using the numeric
keypad, step keys, or knob. Pressing any digit, 0 through 9, on the
numeric keypad brings up the selected terminator menu. See the
specifications chapter in the calibration guide for the available output
power for your tracking generator.
Key Access: Source

CAUTION

When the source attenuation is set manually, the actual source
amplitude may be greater than the amplitude indicated by the source
amplitude. With source attenuation set to manual, source amplitude is
permitted to be set to values beyond output levels to accommodate the
full range of the analyzer capabilities. As a result, exercise caution
when connecting a power-level sensitive device to the tracking
generator output

NOTE

When Amplitude (Off) is selected, the output attenuation on the Agilent
E7402A, E7403A, E7404A, and E7405A is set to the maximum
attenuation.

Power Sweep
On Off

Sets the power-sweep function to On or Off. The value of the
power-sweep range is displayed in the active-function block when you
press Power Sweep (On). The analyzer continues to sweep the specified
frequency range when power sweep is on. (To do a power sweep at a
fixed frequency, set the analyzer to zero span at the desired frequency.)
The available power-sweep range is a function of the source attenuator
setting. For your instrument’s available power sweep range refer to the
appropriate Specifications Guide for your analyzer.

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Front-Panel Key Reference
Source

The output power of the tracking generator is swept according to the
sweep rate of the analyzer. The output power is always swept from the
source power setting to a higher power setting (negative source power
sweep values are not allowed).
Power-sweep measurements are particularly useful in making gain
compression measurements or output power versus frequency
measurements.
Key Access: Source
Attenuation
Auto Man

Allows you to select between automatic and manual adjustment of the
tracking generator’s output attenuator. The Agilent E7401A can be
manually adjusted from 0 to 60 dB in 10 dB steps. All other Agilent
EMC analyzers can be manually adjusted from 0 to 56 dB in 8 dB steps.
When auto-coupled, the attenuation function automatically adjusts the
attenuator to yield the source amplitude level specified by the Amplitude
On Off softkey function. For the Agilent E7401A, press Attenuation (Man)
for power sweeps greater than 10 dB.
Key Access: Source

CAUTION

Amptd Step
Auto Man

Allows you to set the step size of the power level range of the tracking
generator. The default setting is one vertical scale division when in a
logarithmic amplitude scale.
Key Access: Source

Amptd Offset

Offsets the displayed power of the tracking generator. Using the
amplitude offset capability of the tracking generator allows you to take
system losses or gains into account, thereby displaying the actual power
delivered to the device under test.
Key Access: Source

Normalize

Key Access: Source
Store Ref
(1→ 3).

182

Copies trace 1 into trace 3. Store Ref (1→ 3) must be
pressed before pressing Normalize (On). If Normalize (On)
is pressed before Store Ref (1→ 3), the error message:
Store reference trace before turning on
Normalize is displayed in the status line, however
Normalize has been activated.

Chapter 2

Front-Panel Key Reference
Source

Key Access: Source, More, Normalize
Normalize
On Off.

Normalize (On) Activates the normalize function. On

each sweep, the normalized trace (Trace 3) is
subtracted from Trace 1 and the result is added to the
normalized reference level. The display shows the
result of the following calculation:
Trace 1 – Normalized Trace + Normalized Reference
Level
The trace data is normalized with respect to the
normalized reference level, even if the value of the
normalized reference level is changed. This function
remains in effect on all subsequent sweeps until it is
turned off.
CAUTION

Trace 1 should be in clear write mode prior to setting normalize to on.
The normalize function is most useful for applying
correction data to a trace while making a stimulus
response measurement with a tracking generator. For
example, connect the cables and a thru line, in place of
the device to be measured, between the tracking
generator and the analyzer input. Notice that the
frequency response is not perfectly flat, showing the
response of the cables, as well as the flatness of both
the tracking generator and the analyzer.
Now press Store Ref (1→ 3), Normalize On. Notice that
the displayed trace is now flat, or normalized. The
position of the normalized trace can now be moved to a
different position on the display by changing the
normalized reference position. This may be useful if the
device to be tested has positive gain, such as an
amplifier. Now replace the thru line with the device
under test, and an accurate measurement of the gain or
loss can be made.
Key Access: Source, More, Normalize
Norm Ref Lvl.

Sets the level (in dB) of the normalized reference.
Key Access: Source, More, Normalize

Norm Ref Posn. Offsets the displayed trace without affecting the

instrument gain or attenuation settings. This allows
the displayed trace to be moved without decreasing
measurement accuracy. The normalized reference
position is indicated with a (>) character on the left side
of the display and a (<) character on the right side of
the display.
Key Access: Source, More, Normalize

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Source
Ref Trace
View BLank

Allows you to view or blank the reference trace on the
display.
Key Access: Source, More, Normalize

Tracking Peak

Agilent E7402A, E7403A, E7404A, and E7405A only. Activates a
routine that automatically adjusts fine tracking adjustments to obtain
the peak response of the tracking generator on the spectrum analyzer
display. Tracking Peak is performed in the active resolution bandwidth.
Key Access: Source, More

Man Track Adj

Agilent E7402A, E7403A, E7404A, and E7405A only. Allows you to
adjust the frequency of the tracking generator oscillator manually
using the step keys, knob, or numeric keypad. The tracking adjust is
tuned to maximize the amplitude of the trace.
Key Access: Source, More

NOTE

When Source is On, resolution bandwidths less than 1 kHz are not
available.

NOTE

When the resolution bandwidth is less than 1 kHz, Source may not be
turned on.

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SPAN X Scale

SPAN X Scale
Activates the Span function and accesses the menu of span functions.
Pressing SPAN X Scale allows you to change the frequency range
symmetrically about the center frequency. The frequency-span readout
describes the total displayed frequency range. To determine frequency
span per horizontal graticule division (when the frequency scale type is
set to linear), divide the frequency span by 10.
Span

Allows you to enter a span frequency range value.
Key Access: SPAN X Scale

Span Zoom

NOTE

Performs an automatic zoom so that the signal at the marker remains
at the center of the display. If a marker is already on, the zoom begins
at the frequency of the marker. If a marker is not already on, a marker
is placed on the highest on-screen signal (ignoring the LO feedthrough).
Signal-track is turned on, and the span function is activated. Entering a
new span value causes the analyzer to change the span in steps,
keeping the signal centered on the screen until the desired span is
reached. The analyzer is left in Signal Track mode. Pressing Span Zoom
performs the routine similar to pressing the following keys: Search,
Frequency, Signal Track (On), and Span.
Span Zoom is not available when the Frequency, Scale Type (Log) is

selected.
NOTE

Span Zoom leaves the analyzer in Signal Track mode.
Key Access: SPAN X Scale

Full Span

Changes the analyzer span to full span showing the full frequency
range of the analyzer. In external mixing mode, pressing Full Span
changes the analyzer span to the specified range for the selected
external mixing band. Full span sets Signal Track (Off).
Key Access: SPAN X Scale

Zero Span

Changes the frequency span to zero. In this mode, the current center
frequency is displayed in the time domain (the x-axis is displayed in
units of time), like a conventional oscilloscope.
Sweep times faster than those in the frequency domain display mode
are available if Option AYX is installed.
Resolution Bandwidths less than 1 kHz are unavailable when in zero
span if the sweep time is being achieved by utilizing the Option AYX.
Key Access: SPAN X Scale

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SPAN X Scale

NOTE

Sweep times that would require Option AYX are not available in zero
span if the Resolution Bandwidth is less than 1 kHz.

NOTE

The minimum number of sweep points in zero span varies with
firmware revision:
Firmware Revision

Minimum # of Sweep Points in Zero Span

≤ A..03.03

401 (fixed)

A.04.xx
≥ A.05.00

101
2

NOTE

Zero Span sets Signal Track (Off) and FREQUENCY, Scale Type to linear
mode.

Last Span

Changes the analyzer frequency span to the previous span setting. If
pressed after Signal Track is turned off, the span setting returns to the
span that was in effect before Signal Track was turned on. This is true,
even if Signal Track was turned on as part of Span Zoom . The state of
Frequency, Scale Type Log Lin is included in the recalled information.
Key Access: SPAN X Scale

Zone

Accesses menu keys that allow you to control the two-window zone
function. This function allows you to have an upper window with a
broad display of frequency and two zone markers (vertical bars) that
define the span for the lower window.
Key Access: SPAN X Scale
Zone
On Off

Zone (On) allows you to change from a one-window to a
two-window display. The top window will display the
trace with two vertical lines (Zone Markers) displayed
at center frequency plus and minus 5% of the current
span. (You can change the default zone frequency and
zone span values using the Zone Center and Zone Span
keys.) The top window will be inactive.

The bottom window will display the section of the trace
in the top window that is between the Zone Markers.
The span of the bottom window is 10% of the span of
the top window. (You can change the default zone
frequency and zone span values using the Zone Center
and Zone Span keys.) When first activated, both
windows have the same center frequency. The bottom
window is active and the sweep time, resolution
bandwidth, and video bandwidth have been coupled to
the bottom window span.

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SPAN X Scale

There are separate annotations for frequency,
bandwidth, sweep time, reference level, amplitude scale
and scale/div for each window. The values for these
parameters can be changed for each window
independently.
To activate the top window, press the Next Window key
located below the display. The active window is
distinguished by a green border. Only the active
window will have a sweep taken and updated to the
display. When the active window is toggled, the state
for the active window is saved, and the last state of the
inactive window is recalled. When the window becomes
inactive, its data invalid indicator will appear on the
display. The data invalid indicator will remain until the
window becomes the active window and a complete
sweep has been executed. Pressing Zoom will change to
a one-window display showing only the active window.
Pressing Zoom again will return you to the two-window
display. Pressing Zone (Off) will return you to a
one-window display of the active window.
Key Access: SPAN X Scale, Zone
NOTE

Pressing Zoom will set Zone (On), if it is off.
Zone Center

Allows you to change the frequency of the zone markers
without changing the zone span. The zone markers are
vertical lines marking the zone in the upper window.
They determine the frequency range displayed in the
lower window. As the zone markers in the upper
window are moved, the center frequency of the lower
window is changed but the lower window will not be
updated to reflect the change unless it is selected as the
active window. (See Zone On Off.)
The center frequency for the lower window is not
limited by the selected start and stop frequencies in the
upper window. However, if the frequency span of the
lower window is outside of the span for the upper
window, the vertical span markers will be displayed at
the edge of the graticule. When the lower window is
active, the FREQUENCY Channel key will allow you to
change Zone Center. Any change to the lower window
while it is active will change the center frequency.
Key Access: SPAN X Scale, Zone

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SPAN X Scale
Zone Span

Allows the span of the zone markers to be changed
without changing the center frequency. The zone
markers are vertical lines marking the zone in the
upper window. They determine the frequency range
displayed in the lower window. As the zone markers are
moved, the span of the lower window is changed but the
lower window will not be updated to reflect the change
unless it is selected as the active window.
(See Zone On Off.)
The span limit of the lower window is the same as the
span limit of the analyzer. The span for the lower
window is not limited to the selected span of the upper
window. However, if the frequency span of the lower
window is outside of the span of the upper window, the
vertical span markers will not be displayed. When the
lower window is active, the SPAN X Scale key will
change Zone Span, and any change to Zone Span while
the lower window is active, will change the span.
Key Access: SPAN X Scale, Zone

Zone Pk Right

Finds the next peak to the right of the zone center
frequency on the upper window trace and then moves
the zone so that it is centered around the new peak. The
zone span is not changed. The center frequency of the
lower window changes to reflect the new zone center
frequency. The lower window will not be updated until
it is made active. If no peak is found, the zone will not
be moved. A signal must obey the parameters defined
in Search, Search Param to be identified as a peak
signal. Pressing Zone Pk Right will have no effect if the
upper window is not the active window or if it is in zero
span.
Key Access: SPAN X Scale, Zone

Zone Pk Left

Finds the next peak to the left of the zone center
frequency on the upper window trace and then moves
the zone so that it is centered around the new peak. The
zone span is not changed. The center frequency of the
lower window changes to reflect the new zone center
frequency. The lower window will not be updated until
it is made active. If no peak is found, the zone will not
be moved. A signal must obey the parameters defined
in Search, Search Param to be identified as a peak
signal. Pressing Zone Pk Left will have no effect if the
upper window is not the active window or if it is in zero
span.
Key Access: SPAN X Scale, Zone

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Standby

Standby
Removes power from the analyzer, except for a small portion of circuitry
inside the switching power supply. No internal time base circuitry, or
any other function outside of the power supply is powered when the
analyzer is in “standby.”

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Front-Panel Key Reference
Sweep

Sweep
Activates the sweep time function and accesses the following menu
keys:
Sweep Time
Auto Man

Selects the length of time the analyzer takes to tune across the
displayed frequency span (or, in zero span, the time the analyzer takes
to sweep the full screen). Reducing the sweep time increases the sweep
rate. The sweep time can be changed using the step keys, the knob, or
the numeric keypad.
In non-zero spans:
When the sweep time is auto-coupled, the analyzer selects the optimum
(shortest) sweep time for the current settings. This selection process is
influenced by several factors:
• The maximum tuning rate of the spectrum analyzer
• The selected Resolution Bandwidth and Video Bandwidth filters
• The maximum sample rate of the Analog-to-Digital converter (ADC)
(Trace data are digitized and stored in memory)
• The number of trace points (Sweep, Points)
You may select a sweep time less than the auto-coupled value; however
this may generate measurement errors. If this happens, the error
message: Meas Uncal will appear in the upper right corner of the
display.
In zero span:
The minimum sweep time is determined by the maximum sample rate
of the ADC and the number of sweep points. With Option AYX, the
fastest sweep time is 5 microseconds (with 101 sweep points). Without
the option installed, the fastest sweep time is 1 millisecond (with 101
sweep points) and 4 milliseconds (with 401 sweep points).

NOTE

With firmware A.08.00 and greater, in zero span, the auto/manual
function of this key is not applicable. When Sweep Time (Auto) is
selected in non-zero span, any changes to Sweep Time while in zero
span will revert to the Auto value when you return to non-zero span.
When Sweep Time (Man) is selected in non-zero span, any changes to
Sweep Time while in zero span will be maintained when you return to
non-zero span.
The maximum sweep time is 4000 seconds for any set of conditions.
Refer to your instrument’s appropriate Specifications Guide for more
information about Sweep Time and its relation to other instrument
settings.
Key Access: Sweep

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Sweep
Sweep
Single Cont

Switches the analyzer between the continuous-sweep mode and the
single-sweep mode. Pressing Sweep (Single) puts the analyzer in
single-sweep mode. Press Single on the front panel, to enable a sweep
when in single-sweep mode. When Sweep (Cont) is selected, one sweep
follows another as soon as it is triggered. Pressing Preset (When Preset
Type is set to Factory) or turning the power on, sets the sweep mode to
continuous sweep.
Key Access: Sweep

Auto Swp
Coupling
SR SA

Selects stimulus-response (SR) or spectrum-analyzer (SA) (default)
auto-coupled sweep times. In stimulus-response mode, auto-coupled
sweep times are usually much faster for swept-response measurements.
Stimulus-response auto-coupled sweep times are typically valid in
stimulus-response measurements when the system’s frequency span is
less than 20 times the bandwidth of the device under test.
Key Access: Sweep

Gate

Requires Option 1D6 (Time Gate). Accesses the following menu keys
that allow you to setup various gate parameters:
Key Access: Sweep
Gate On Off

Requires Option 1D6 (Time Gate). Turns the gate
function on and off. When set to Gate (On), the video
signal that is digitized is controlled by the gate
circuitry. The gate circuitry switches between two
states. When the gate is “open”, the normal video signal
of the analyzer is passed through the video filters to the
peak detectors and digitizer of the analyzer. When the
gate is “closed”, the video filters, peak detectors, and
digitizer are given a signal at the bottom of the display.
The gate function requires that a gate trigger signal be
connected to the GATE TRIG/EXT TRIG IN (TTL) input on
the rear panel. When the gate function is on, the state
of the gate appears at the GATE/HI SWP OUT (TTL) rear
panel connector. A TTL high output indicates that the
gate is open. The gate out signal is only valid while the
analyzer is sweeping. Between sweeps, the gate out
signal is invalid. You can adjust the gate delay and gate
length using an oscilloscope to view the gate out signal.
The analyzer sweep time should be set to a large value
(50 sec) during the adjustment so that the gate signal is
valid most of the time. When the adjustment is done
you can set the analyzer back to the desired sweep
time, or set it back to Auto Couple.
Key Access: Sweep, Gate

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Front-Panel Key Reference
Sweep

NOTE

Trig Delay (On) and Gate (On) cannot be active at the same time. If
Trig Delay (On) has been previously selected, it will be reset to
Trig Delay (Off) when Gate (On) is selected. Conversely, if Gate (On) has
been previously selected, it will be reset to Gate (Off) when
Trig Delay (On) is selected.

NOTE

If Gate (On) is selected without an external trigger signal present,
operating other functions, such as: tracking, frequency count, or
preselector centering, may cause the analyzer to stop functioning until
it is powered on again.
Gate Control
Edge Level

Allows you to select between Edge and Level triggering
of the gate. Gate Control (Edge) opens the gate in
response to an edge trigger on the trigger input after a
delay set in Gate Delay. The gate stays open for the
selected Gate Length. When Gate Control (Level) is
selected, the gate is open as long as the trigger input is
true, as defined under the Level Gate key.
Key Access: Sweep, Gate

Edge Gate

Accesses menu keys that allow you to set up edge
triggering.
Key Access: Sweep, Gate
Slope Pos Neg

Sets the polarity for edge triggering of
the gate. When Slope (Pos) is pressed, a
positive-going edge will trigger the
opening of the gate, after the delay set
with the Gate Delay key. When
Slope (Neg) is pressed, a negative-going
edge will trigger the opening of the gate
after the set delay.
Key Access: Sweep, Gate, Edge Gate

Gate Delay

Controls the length of time from the
trigger until the gate is turned on.
Key Access: Sweep, Gate, Edge Gate

Gate Length

Controls the length of time that the
gate is on when using edge triggering to
control the gate.
Key Access: Sweep, Gate, Edge Gate

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Front-Panel Key Reference
Sweep
Level Gate
High Low

Sets up level polarity that will open the gate. Requires
Option 1D6.
Level Gate (High) Selects a high TTL level to open the
gate. Level Gate (Low) selects a low TTL level to open

the gate.
Key Access: Sweep, Gate
Points

Allows you to set the number of points per sweep, from 101 to 8192 in
non-zero span and 2 to 8192 in zero span (firmware revision A.05.00
and greater). Use the knob, step keys, or numeric keypad to set this
value. When the sweep time is limited by the Analog to Digital
Converter (ADC) sample rate, the sweep time changes with the number
of points selected. The greater the number of points, the longer the
sweep time becomes. If Preset is pressed (and Preset Type is set to
Factory), or the analyzer power is cycled, the number of points per
sweep will default to 401. The current value of points is displayed next
to the sweep time.
When FREQUENCY, Scale Type (Log) is selected, the desired number of
sweep points may not be possible. Refer to “Scale Type Log Lin” on
page 111 for more information.
Changing the number of points has several effects on the analyzer.
Since markers are read at the point location, the marker reading may
change. Press Peak Search, again for greater accuracy in the marker
reading. All trace data for the current window is cleared. If in
continuous sweep mode, (Sweep, Sweep (Cont)), a new sweep begins
immediately. If average is on (BW/Avg, Average (On)), the averaging
starts over with a count of 0. With firmware revisions prior to A.08.00,
if Limit Lines are on (Display , Limits, Modify, Limit 1 or 2 (On)), they are
turned off.
Key Access: Sweep

NOTE

By selecting a number of sweep points greater than 401, you are
optimizing frequency resolution and accuracy while accepting a reduced
measurement speed. In addition to sweep points, the span, resolution
bandwidth, video bandwidth, average detection and center frequency
will also affect measurement speed.
When zone span is on (Span, Zone. Zone (On)), each window has its own
value for points.

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Front-Panel Key Reference
System (Local)

System (Local)
Accesses the System menu keys. Pressing System (Local) after the
analyzer has been placed in the remote mode, places the analyzer in the
local mode and enables front-panel control. During remote operation, R
appears in the upper-right corner of the screen. R, T, L, or S may appear
during remote operation, indicating talk, listen, or service request.
Pressing the System (Local) key removes the R symbol in the upper-right
corner.
Symbol

Show Errors

Description

Remote

Talk

Listen

Service Request

Accesses a display of the last 30 errors reported. The most recent error
will appear at the top of the list. The first error listed will be the first
error removed if the error list is longer than 30 entries. If the same
error message occurs several times the error message will be
incremented rather than added to the list as a new error message.
The date and time identify the first time and the last time (if there is
more than one of the same type of error) an error occurred. The number
of identical errors is shown, and the error number is also shown with
firmware revision A.08.00 and later.
Key Access: System
Prev Page

Allows you to access the previous page of error
messages. It is grayed out if you are on the first page or
only one page exists.
Key Access: System, Show Errors

Allows you to access the next page of error messages. It
is grayed out if you are on the last page or only one page
exists.
Key Access: System, Show Errors

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Front-Panel Key Reference
System (Local)
Verbose SCPI
On Off

The information in the Error History Screen is
formatted to fit the screen size. Additional information
is available via the SYSTem:ERRor? command. It
indicates which SCPI command was executing when
the error occurred and what about that command was
unacceptable.
Example: First set SYST:ERR:VERBOSE ON
If the command SENSe:FREQuently:CENTer 942.6MHz
is sent, then sending SYST:ERR? returns:
–113, “Undefined
header;SENSe:FREQuently:CENTer 942.6MHz
$”
Key Access: System, Show Errors

Clear Error
Queue

Clears the error queue in the Show Errors display.
Key Access: System, Show Errors

Power On/Preset

Accesses the following menu keys.
Key Access: System
Power On
Last Preset

Determines the state of the analyzer when the analyzer
is powered on. If the Power On function is set to Preset,
the state of the analyzer is the same as it is after Preset
is pressed, when the analyzer is powered on. If the
Power On function is set to Last, then the state that the
analyzer was in when it was powered off is recalled.
The setting (Last or Preset) of the Power On function is
not changed by pressing Preset. Use the Power
On/Preset menu key function to change the setting of
the analyzer state that is recalled at power on. Limit
lines are not recalled when the analyzer is powered on.
Refer to “Preset” in this chapter for more information.
Key Access: System, Power On/Preset

Preset Type

Allows you to select User, Mode, or Factory preset.
Key Access: System, Power On/Preset
User

Pressing Preset (User) sets the analyzer
to the settings defined by the Save User
Preset key. Refer to “Preset” in this
chapter for more information.
Key Access: System, Power On/Preset,
Preset Type

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Front-Panel Key Reference
System (Local)
Mode

Selects the mode preset type to be the
instrument state that will be restored
when you do a preset. A mode preset
does not change the mode and it only
resets the settings of the current mode
to their factory defaults.
Key Access: System, Power On/Preset,
Preset Type

Factory

Pressing Factory presets the analyzer to
the configuration originally set at the
factory. Refer to the “Preset” key
description for the default factoryconfiguration settings.
Key Access: System, Power On/Preset,
Preset Type

Key Access: System, Power On/Preset, Preset Type
Save User
Preset

Saves the active state of the analyzer into the User
Preset register for recall on Preset if Preset (User) is
selected. Refer to “Preset” in this chapter for more
information.
Key Access: System, Power On/Preset

Time/Date

Accesses the following Time/Date menu keys used to set and display the
real-time clock:
Key Access: System
Time/Date
On Off

Turns the display of the real-time clock on or off.
Key Access: System, Time/Date

Date Format
MDY DMY

Changes the display of the date from a month-day-year
format to a day-month-year format.
Key Access: System, Time/Date

Set Time

Allows you to set the time of the real-time clock. Enter
the time in 24 hour HHMMSS format, using the
numeric keypad and pressing Enter. Valid hour (HH)
values are from 00 to 23. Valid minute (MM) and second
(SS) values are from 00 to 59.
Key Access: System, Time/Date

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Front-Panel Key Reference
System (Local)
Set Date

Allows you to set the date of the real-time clock. Enter
the date in the YYYYMMDD format using the numeric
keypad and press Enter. Valid year (YYYY) values are
0000 through 9999. Valid month (MM) values are from
01 to 12, and valid day values are from 01 to 31.
Key Access: System, Time/Date

Alignments

Accesses the following Alignments menu keys which align the internal
circuitry of the analyzer, load default values for the alignment system,
and adjust the 10 MHz reference.
Key Access: System
Auto Align

Accesses the Auto Align menu keys.
All

Turns on the automatic alignment of all
measurement systems. When Auto
Align, All is selected, “AA” appears along
the left edge of the display.
Key Access: System, Alignments

All but RF

Turns on the automatic alignment of all
measurement systems except the RF
section. (Eliminating automatic
alignment of the RF prevents changes
in the input impedance between
sweeps, which could cause input device
instability.) When Auto Align, All but RF
is selected, “AB” appears along the left
edge of the display.
Key Access: System, Alignments

Off

Turns off automatic alignment.
Key Access: System, Alignments

NOTE

It is normal to hear clicking sounds when the Auto Alignment function
is On. During retrace, a small portion of the analyzer circuitry is
realigned. Some of the switching of the analyzer circuitry is done using
relays. It is the rapid switching of these relays during retrace that
causes the clicking sounds. To eliminate the clicking sounds, turn the
auto alignment off by pressing System, Alignments, Auto Align, Off.
When this is done, the Align Now, All function should be performed
periodically. Refer to the appropriate “Specifications and
Characteristics” chapter in the Agilent Technologies EMC Analyzers
Specifications Guide for more information on how often to perform Align
Now, All when the auto alignment is off

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Front-Panel Key Reference
System (Local)
Align Now

Accesses the Align Now menu keys and immediately
executes an alignment cycle of the selected system(s).
Menu key selections include:
Key Access: System, Alignments
All

Initiates the alignment of all systems.
Except the Option 1DN Tracking
Generator for models E7402A, E7403A,
E7404A, and E7405A.
Key Access: System, Alignments, Align
Now

RF
(Ext Cable)

Initiates the alignment of the RF
system with a cable connected from
AMPTD REF OUT to INPUT 50 Ω.
Models E7402A, E7403A, E7404A, and
E7405A.
Key Access: System, Alignments, Align
Now

Initiates the alignment of the RF
system. This Alignment uses an
Internal Signal Source.
Key Access: System, Alignments, Align
Now

TG
(Ext Cable)

Initiates the alignment of the tracking
generator only when the Option 1DN is
installedin Agilent E7402A, E7403A,
E7404A, and E7405A. You must
connect a cable from RF OUT 50 Ω to
INPUT 50 Ω
Key Access: System, Alignments, Align
Now

FM Demod

Initiates an alignment of the FM
Demod portion of the EMC Detectors
and Demod board.
Key Access: System, Alignments, Align
Now

After a five minute warm-up, Align Now, All (with a
cable connected from AMPTD REF OUT to INPUT 50
Ω) should be performed on Agilent E7402A, E7403A,
E7404A, and E7405A. Refer to your analyzer’s
appropriate Specifications Guide for details on using
Align Now when Auto Align is Off.

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System (Local)
Freq Correct
On Off

Controls use of some of the correction factors. When On
is underlined, frequency correction factors are used.
When Off is underlined, frequency correction factors
are not used, and Freq Corr Off appears on the
display. Turning the correction factors off degrades
frequency accuracy.
Key Access: System, Alignments

NOTE

Frequency correction factors must be on for the analyzer to meet its
specified performance.
Timebase

Accesses the Fine and Coarse Timebase menu keys,
which allow control of the 10 MHz time base frequency.
This function is used to verify the settability of the
10 MHz reference and to adjust for changed operating
conditions, such as temperature. Pressing Load Defaults
or cycling power, resets the time base to its original
value.
Key Access: System, Alignments

Load Defaults

Loads the default values for the alignment system,
turns on the frequency corrections, and resets the time
base to the factory values. Align Now, All, will
automatically execute three times after pressing Load
Defaults.
Key Access: System, Alignments

Remote Port

Allows the GPIB address to be entered. The default address is 18.
With Option 1AX (RS-232 and Parallel) only. Allows the baud rate to be
set. The available baud rate values are as follows: 110, 300, 600, 1200,
2400, 4800, 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600, 115200. The default baud rate is
9600.
Key Access: System

Show System

Displays the number and description of the options installed in your
analyzer. It also displays the instrument model number, product
number, serial number, firmware revision number, Host ID (for
licensing), bootrom revision, and amount of RAM and ROM.
Key Access: System, More
Prev Page

Allows you to access the previous page of show system.
It is grayed out if you are on the first page or only one
page exists.
Key Access: System, More, Show System

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Front-Panel Key Reference
System (Local)
Next Page

Allows you to access the next page of show system. It is
grayed out if you are on the last page or only one page
exists.
Key Access: System, More, Show System

Show Hdwr

Gives detailed information about the hardware installed on your
analyzer.
Key Access: System, More
Prev Page

Allows you to access the previous page of show
hardware. It is grayed out if you are on the first page or
only one page exists.
Key Access: System, More, Show Hdwr

Allows you to access the next page of show hardware. It
is grayed out if you are on the last page or only one page
exists.
Key Access: System, More, Show Hdwr

Color Palette

Accesses the Color Palette menu keys. These keys are only available
with analyzers having a color display.
Key Access: System, More
Default

Sets all the display screen attributes to the factory
defined colors.
Key Access: System, More, Color Palette

Vision Impair 1

and
Vision Impair 2

The special colors built into the Vision Impair 1 and
Vision Impair 2 keys accommodate most color-deficient
vision problems.
Key Access: System, More, Color Palette

Optical Filter

Accommodates the use of protective goggles while
viewing lasers.
Key Access: System, More, Color Palette

Monochrome

Sets the display screen to green monochrome. The
monochrome display uses different shades of green for
each green value. This is especially useful for driving
external monochrome monitors.
Key Access: System, More, Color Palette

Diagnostics

Accesses the Front Panel Test menu key.
Key Access: System, More

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System (Local)
Front Panel
Test

Allows you to verify the functionality of each
front-panel key (except Preset). The number next to
each key name increments once each time the key is
pressed. Rotating the knobs causes the number of
pulses to be counted. Press ESC to exit.
Key Access: System, More, Diagnostics

Restore Sys
Defaults

Resets the “persistent” state variables to their defaults. These are
values, such as the GPIB address, that are unaffected by a power cycle
or a preset (when Preset Type is set to Factory.)
Key Access: System, More

Table 2-4

System Default Settings
Feature

Default Setting

Color Printing

Custom Printer, Color Capability

Custom Printer, Language

PCL3

Date Format

MDY

Display Viewing Angle

External Amplifier Gain

0 dBm

GPIB Address

Input Impedance

50 (Ohm)

Instrument Color Palette

Default palette

Manual Tracking Adjustment

2048

Page Size

Letter

Power On Last/Preset

Preset

Preset Factory/User

Mode

Print Format

Print screen mode

Print Orientation

Portrait

Printer Selection

Auto

Prints/ Page

RS-232 Baud Rate

9600

RS-232 DTR Control

On (hardware pacing)

RS-232 Receive Pacing

None (data pacing)

RS-232 RTS Control

IBFULL (hardware pacing)

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Front-Panel Key Reference
System (Local)

Table 2-4

System Default Settings (Continued)
Feature

Default Setting

RS-232 Transmit Pacing

None (data pacing)

Speaker Volume

Time Date Display

Verbose SCPI

Off

Licensing

Accesses the security system to enable licensing for individual options.
For information on how to use this system, see the installation
information for individual options in the measurement personalities’
user’s guides.

NOTE

Currently, there are no measurement personality options available nor
are any supplied with the EMC analyzer.

NOTE

Not all options can be enabled using this system and there is no way to
turn off an option through this system. Once an option has been
licensed for a given analyzer, it cannot be transferred to a different
analyzer.
Key Access: System, More, More
Option

Accesses the Alpha Editor allowing you to enter a three
character option number. To terminate the entry, press
Enter or Return. An external keyboard may also be used
for this entry. The option number will appear on the
second line of the Option key. Key
Access: System, More, Licensing

License Key

Accesses the Alpha Editor allowing you to enter the
license key number. To terminate the entry, press Enter
or Return. An external keyboard may also be used for
this entry. The license key number will appear on the
second line of the License Key menu key.
Key Access: System, More, Licensing

Activate

202

Allows you to activate the option. When a valid option
key number and license key number have been entered,
press Activate. If your entry was correct, the option will
be enabled and the message: Option activated will
appear in the status line of your display. The option
number and license key number will also be cleared
from the License Key and Option key.

Chapter 2

Front-Panel Key Reference
System (Local)

If your entry was incorrect, the error message: License
key invalid will appear in the status line of your
display. The option number and license key number can
be edited until they are correct.
Key Access: System, More, Licensing
NOTE

It is possible to enable an option for which the analyzer is not yet
configured. Therefore, the message Option activated does not mean
that the option will immediately function. For a display of options that
are enabled and for which the analyzer is properly configured, press
System , More, Show System.

Personalities

Accesses a display listing the personalities that are currently installed
in the analyzer. Information about the personalities are under the
column headings Opt (option number), Name (option name), Version
(personality version), Licensed (whether or not the personality is
licensed), and Size (personality memory). At the bottom of the display is
a line showing the available memory for installing personalities.
Key Access: System, More, More

NOTE

Some files are shared between personalities. If shared files are
installed, a personality may require less room than is indicated on the
display. The Uninstall key will not delete any shared file unless the
personality being deleted is the last personality to use the shared file.
Prev Page

Allows you to view a previous page of installed
personalities. It is grayed out if you are on the first
page or only one page exists.
Key Access: System, More, More, Personalities

Allows you to view the next page of installed
personalities. It is grayed out if you are on the last page
or only one page exists.
Key Access: System, More, More, Personalities

Install

Allows you to install the latest version of the EMI
Measurement Suite. For more information on this key,
see the documentation that accompanies the
measurement suite software.
Key Access: System, More, More, Personalities

Uninstall

Chapter 2

Allows you to uninstall a personality. Highlight the
appropriate personality and press Uninstall, Uninstall
Now. You will be prompted with the displayed message
If you are sure you want to uninstall, press
Uninstall Now again.

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Front-Panel Key Reference
System (Local)

Some personalities may not be deleted. If the attempt is
made to do so, the message Can’t uninstall this
program will appear on the display.
Key Access: System, More, More, Personalities
Service

Accesses the Service menu keys. You must have a password to access
this menu. For information, refer to the troubleshooting chapter in the
Agilent EMC Analyzers Service Guide.
Key Access: System, More, More

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Front-Panel Key Reference
Tab Keys

Tab Keys
The Tab keys are located below the display and are used to move
between fields in the tables and forms.

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Front-Panel Key Reference
Trig

Trig
Accesses the menu of keys that allow you to select the sweep mode and
trigger mode of the analyzer.
Free Run

New sweep starts as soon as possible after the current sweep ends.
Key Access: Trig

Video

Activates the trigger condition that allows the next sweep to start if the
detected RF envelope voltage rises to a level set by the video trigger
level. When Video is pressed, a line appears on the display. The analyzer
triggers when the input signal exceeds the trigger level at the left edge
of the display. You can change the trigger level using the step keys, the
knob, or the numeric keypad
Key Access: Trig

NOTE

This function is not available when the Resolution Bandwidth is less
than 1 kHz. If a Resolution Bandwidth less than 1 kHz is selected while
in Video Trigger mode, the Trigger mode changes to Free Run.

Line

Activates the trigger condition that allows the next sweep to be
synchronized with the next cycle of the line voltage.
Key Access: Trig

NOTE

Line trigger is not available when operating from a dc power source.

External
Pos Neg

Activates the trigger condition that allows the next sweep to start when
the external voltage (connected to GATE TRIG/EXT TRIG IN on the rear
panel) passes through approximately 1.5 volts. The external trigger
signal must be a 0 V to +5 V TTL signal. This function also controls the
trigger polarity (for positive or negative-going signals).
Key Access: Trig

Trig Delay
On Off

Allows you to set and turn on or off a delay, during which the analyzer
will wait to begin a sweep after receiving an external trigger signal.
This function is not available when Gate is on. Trig Delay is active when
External is selected.
Key Access: Trig, More

NOTE

This function is not available in Free Run or Video Trigger modes.

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Front-Panel Key Reference
Trig
Trig Offset
On Off

Allows you to set and turn on or off an offset value from the trigger
point of the sweep at which to begin storing data in the trace of the
analyzer. The offset is specified as a function of time, and permits
positive (pre trigger) and negative (post trigger) values to be specified.
Key Access: Trig, More

NOTE

This function is only available when in Zero Span. (It is grayed out
when in swept span.) If this key is pressed in swept spans, the error
message: Trigger Offset unavailable in swept spans is displayed
in the status line. The value and state of Trigger Offset is remembered
if Zero Span is exited and restored when Zero Span is reselected.

NOTE

This function is only available with Resolution Bandwidths of 1 kHz or
greater. If this key is pressed when the Resolution Bandwidths is less
than 1 kHz, the error message: Trigger Offset unavailable in
bandwidths < 1 kHz is displayed in the status line. While Trigger
Offset is on, it is not possible for the instrument to be set to a
Resolution Bandwidth less than 1 kHz. Any attempt to do so will cause
the error message: Bandwidths <1 kHz unavailable with Trigger
Offset on to be displayed in the status line.

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Front-Panel Key Reference
⇑ (UP) and ⇓ (DOWN) Arrow Keys

⇑ (UP) and ⇓ (DOWN) Arrow Keys
The ⇑ (UP) and ⇓ (DOWN) arrow keys can be used to adjust the
analyzer parameters incrementally. The arrow keys are also used to
select between files or points on a list. These keys are also called step
keys.

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Front-Panel Key Reference
Trace/View

Trace/View
Accesses the trace keys that allow you to store and manipulate trace
information. Each trace is comprised of a series of data points in which
amplitude information is stored. The analyzer updates the information
for any active trace with each sweep.
Trace 1 2 3

Selects the menu keys used for trace 1, trace 2, or trace 3 functions.
Press Trace 1 2 3 until the number of the desired trace is underlined.
Key Access: Trace/View

CAUTION

When using normalization, the mode of traces 2 and 3 should not be
changed.

Clear Write

Erases any data previously stored in the selected trace and
continuously displays any signals during the sweep of the analyzer.
This function is activated for trace 1 at power-on and by pressing
Preset.
Key Access: Trace/View

Max Hold

Maintains the maximum level for each trace point of the selected trace
(1, 2 or 3), and updates each trace point if a new maximum level is
detected in successive sweeps.
Key Access: Trace/View

NOTE

Changing the vertical scale (Amplitude, Scale Type, Log or Lin), pressing
Restart, turning averaging on (BW/Avg, Average (On)), or switching
window in Zone Span (Span, Zone) restarts the held trace.

Min Hold

Maintains the minimum level for each trace point of the selected trace
(1, 2 or 3), and updates each trace point if a new minimum level is
detected in successive sweeps.
Key Access: Trace/View

NOTE

Changing the vertical scale (Amplitude, Scale Type, Log or Lin), pressing
Restart, turning averaging on (BW/Avg, Average (On)), or switching
window in Zone Span (Span, Zone) restarts the held trace.

View

Holds and displays the amplitude data of the selected trace. The trace
register is not updated as the analyzer sweeps. If a trace is deactivated
by pressing Blank, the stored trace data can be retrieved by pressing
View.
Key Access: Trace/View

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Front-Panel Key Reference
Trace/View
Blank

Stores the amplitude data for the selected trace, and removes it from
the display. The selected trace register will not be updated as the
analyzer sweeps. This function is activated for traces 2 and 3 at
power-on and by pressing Preset (when Preset Type is set to Factory.)
Key Access: Trace/View

Operations

Accesses the following Operations menu keys:
Key Access: Trace/View, More
1↔2

Exchanges the contents of the trace 1 register with the
trace 2 register and puts trace 1 and 2 in view mode.
Key Access: Trace/View, More, Operations

2 − DL → 2

Subtracts the display line from trace 2 and places the
result in trace 2 and puts trace 2 in view mode. The
2 − DL → 2 function is a math operation.
Key Access: Trace/View, More, Operations

2↔3

Exchanges the contents of trace 2 with trace 3 and puts
trace 2 and 3 in view mode.
Key Access: Trace/View, More, Operations

1→3

Copies trace 1 into trace 3 and puts trace 3 in view
mode.
Key Access: Trace/View, More, Operations

2→3

Copies trace 2 into trace 3 and puts trace 3 in view
mode.
Key Access: Trace/View, More, Operations

Normalize

Accesses the following Normalize menu keys:
Key Access: Trace/View, More
Store Ref
(1→ 3)

Normalize
On Off

Normalize (On) Activates the normalize function. On

each sweep, the normalized trace (Trace 3) is
subtracted from Trace 1 and the result is added to the
normalized reference level. The display shows the
result of the following calculation:

210

Chapter 2

Front-Panel Key Reference
Trace/View

Trace 1 – Normalized Trace + Normalized Reference
Level
The trace data is normalized with respect to the
normalized reference level, even if the value of the
normalized reference level is changed. This function
remains in effect on all subsequent sweeps until it is
turned off.
CAUTION

Sets the level (in dB) of the normalized reference.
Key Access: Trace/View, More, Normalize

Norm Ref Posn Offsets the displayed trace without affecting the

Allows you to view or blank the reference trace on the
display.
Key Access: Trace/View, More, Normalize

Chapter 2

211

Front-Panel Key Reference
Trace/View
Max/Min
On Off

Used to distinguish broadband signals from CW signals. The Max/Min
function is valuable when the span is equal to or smaller than 400 times
the resolution bandwidth.
When going from the Off to the On state, the detectors alternate
between Peak and Sample for each sweep and place trace 2 into
Max Hold and trace 3 into Min Hold. Trace 1 goes into clear write. Use
Max/Min View to analyze the results. When going from the On to the
Off state, trace 2 and trace 3 are blanked and trace 1 is put into clear
write with the detector set to peak.
Key Access: Trace/View, More

Max/Min View

Accesses the following submenus. Max/Min View also places both trace
2 and trace 3 in view mode, sets the detector to peak and turns on the
marker (if it isn’t already on). Trace 1 is blanked.
Key Access: Trace/View, More
Max

Places trace 2 in view mode and trace 3 into blank
mode.
Key Access: Trace/View, More, Max/Min View

Min

Places trace 3 in view mode and trace 2 in blank mode.
Key Access: Trace/View, More, Max/Min View

Max & Min

Places both trace 2 and trace 3 into view mode. If a
signal in trace 2 (Max) has a larger amplitude than the
trace 3 signal at the same amplitude, the signal has
some broadband content. The wider the difference
between the two amplitude levels, the more broadband
content there is in the trace 2 signal. If the amplitudes
of a signal in both traces are approximately the same,
that signal is a narrowband (CW) signal.
Key Access: Trace/View, More, Max/Min View

212

Chapter 2

Front-Panel Key Reference
Viewing Angle

Viewing Angle
Controls the optimum viewing angle of the display. The viewing angle
keys are located next to each other at the upper left-hand corner of the
analyzer, bordering the display. These two keys allow you to adjust the
intensity of the objects on the display so that it can be optimally viewed
from different angles.
The Viewing Angle keys automatically repeat when they are held down.

Chapter 2

213

Front-Panel Key Reference
Zoom

Zoom
Allows you to switch between the split-screen and full-sized display of
the active window in zone span and other functions which support
split-screen display modes. The active window is indicated by a solid
green line surrounding the window.
If Zoom is pressed while in a non-split-screen display mode, it will
activate the zone span mode. (See Span, Zone, and also Next Window.) If
Zoom is pressed when zone markers are off, it will turn on zone markers
and put the display in split-screen mode. (See Span, Zone.)

214

Chapter 2

Index

Symbols
(Local) key , 194
< Display Line key, 169
Numerics
1 MHz BW Type, 77
120 kHz, 73
150 kHz - 30 MHz , 124
200 kHz, 74
200 MHz - 1 GHz, 125
30 - 300 MHz, 125
9 kHz, 73
A
abort, 121
adjusting the display, 213
Align Now, 198
alignment
load default values, 199
Alignments key, 197
All but RF, 197
Alpha Editor menu map, 9
AM, activate AM demodulation,
81
Amplitude (Display Edit menu),
86, 128
Amplitude Corrections menu
map, 11
amplitude interpolation, 88, 130
Amplitude key, 55, 58, 60, 63,
135, 137, 139, 142
Amplitude On Off, 181
amplitude scale, 51
amplitude units, 52
AMPLITUDE Y Scale Corrections
menu, 11
AMPLITUDE Y Scale menu map,
10
amplitude-correction factors, 53
Amptd Interp Log Lin, 88, 130
Amptd Offset, 182
Amptd Ref (f=50 MHz) On Off,
114
Amptd Ref Out (f=50 MHz) On
Off, 114
Amptd Step Auto Man, 182
Annotation On Off, 90
antenna measurement units, 54,
133
arrow keys, 208
Attenuation Auto Man, 51, 182
attenuator
tracking generator, 182
Auto Align, 197
Auto Couple, 65
Auto Couple menu map, 12

Index

Auto key , 175
auto measure, 160
autoranging function
control of, 64
AV/QP Gain, 81
Average On Off, 74
average on off key, 143, 161
Average Type Video Power, 70, 74
Averaging
power averaging (RMS), 70, 74
RMS, 70, 74
video averaging, 70, 74
B
backspace key, 72
Band Pair Start Stop, 116
Band Power, 118
bandwidth
120 kHz menu key, 73
200 kHz menu key, 74
9 kHz menu key, 74
bandwidth ratio
video bandwidth to resolution
bandwidth, 76
bandwidth type, 77
Blank, 210
Bluetooth
FM Demodulation, 51, 82
BW/Avg , 73
BW/Avg menu map, 13
C
Center Freq, 109
center frequency, 109
CF Step Auto Man, 109
CF step size, 120
Change Title, 89
clear all marks, 158
Clear Error Queue, 144, 194, 195,
199, 200
Clear Title, 90
Clear Write, 209
clear write, 212
clock
setup, 196
Color Capable Yes No, 176
Color On Off, 176
Color Palette, 200
comment
change, 151
edit, 151
complement, 159
Connected No Yes, 86, 128
Continuous Pk On Off, 166
continuous sweep, 191
copy trace 1 into 3, 210
copy trace 2 into 3, 210

correction factors, 199
Corrections, 53
corrections
applying corrections, 131
correction factors, 131
gain and loss, 131
coupled sweep time, 190
Coupling AC DC, 113
Custom key, 175
D
date display, 196
Datemode MDY DMY, 196
Define Custom, 176
Delete, 56, 58, 61, 63, 135, 138,
140, 142
delete
signals, 154
Delete (Display Edit menu), 87,
129
Delete Point, 56, 58, 60, 63, 135,
137, 140, 142
Delete Point (Display Edit menu),
87, 129
Delta, 115, 165
delta limit parameters, 150
Demod Veiw
vertical scale, 82
Demod View, 82
demodulation
AM, 82
Bluetooth FM, 82
FM, 82
det/demod menu map, 14
detection mode
QP/AV gain, 81
quasi-peak, 80
Diagnostics, 200
digital resolution bandwidths, 64
Display key, 84
Display Line menukeys
< Display Line, 169
> Display Line, 169
Display Line On Off, 84
Display menu map, 15
display range, 64
E
Edge Pos Neg, 192
Edge Setup, 192
Edit, 54, 56, 59, 61, 85, 127, 133,
136, 138, 140
Eject Page, 176
Enter key, 91
Esc key, 92
Escape, 92
exchange trace 1 and 2, 210

215

Index

exchange trace 2 and 3, 210
Ext Amp Gain, 64
External Pos Neg, 206
External preamplifier, 64
F
File, 93
File menu map, 16, 17, 18
fixed, limit line type, 88, 131
FM Demodulation
Bluetooth, 51
scale/division, 51
FM, activate FM demosulation,
81
format date, 196
Free Run, 206
Freq Correct On Off, 199
Freq Count, 108
Freq Count menu map, 19
Freq Interp Log Lin, 53, 56, 59,
61, 66, 69, 87, 129, 133, 135,
138, 140
Freq Offset, 110
frequency
stop, 109
Frequency (Display Edit menu),
86, 128
Frequency (Marker Readout
menu), 117
FREQUENCY Channel, 109
FREQUENCY Channel menu
map, 20
frequency correction, 199
frequency interpolation, 53, 56,
59, 61, 66, 69, 87, 129, 133,
135, 138, 140
Frequency key , 55, 57, 60, 62,
134, 136, 139, 141
frequency offset, 110
frequency span
changing to full span, 185
Full Screen, 84
Full Span, 185
Function, 118, 165
G
Gate Delay, 192
Gate Length, 192
Graticule On Off, 90
H
Help key , 112
highest peak
finding next, 166

216

I
IF Gain, 64
input attenuation control, 51
input impedance, 113
Input key, 113
Input Z Corr, 113
Input/Output key, 113
Input/Output menu map, 21
Int Preamp On Off, 53
intermediate frequency
120 kHz, 73
200 kHz, 74
9 kHz, 73
internal preamplifier, 53
Inverse Time (Marker Readout
menu), 117
L
Language PCL3 PCL5, 176
Last Span, 186
Level Setup, 193
licensing, 202
limit lines
fixed and relative, 88, 131
Limits, 84, 126
LIMITS FIX REL, 88, 131
Limits Fixed Rel, 88, 131
Line, 206
linear scale, 51
list
on off, 144
peak on off, 145
QP on off, 145
list edit, 150
Load, 98
Load Defaults, 199
load limits, 98
load setup files, 98
load states, 98
load traces, 98
log scale, 51
lower dups, 159
M
Man Track Adj, 184
Margin On Off, 85, 127
mark all, 158
Marker, 115
marker
selection, 115, 117
trace selection, 117
marker -> menu map, 23
Marker All Off, 119
marker control keys, 115
marker counter, 108
resolution, 108

Marker Counter On Off, 108
Marker delta to span, 120
Marker menu map, 22
Marker Noise, 118
marker noise, 119
Marker Noise On Off, 119
marker readout, 117
Marker Table On Off, 119
marker to center frequency, 120,
165
Marker to center frequency step,
120
marker to reference level, 120,
165
Marker to start, 120
Marker to stop, 120
Marker Trace Auto A B C, 117
marker tracking, 110
Max Hold, 209, 212
Max Mixer Lvl, 64
Meas Control, 121
Meas Control menu map, 24
Meas Off, 148, 149, 160
Meas Setup, 122
meas setup menu map
(corrections), 27
meas setup menu map (define
reports), 29
meas setup menu map (limits), 26
meas setup menu map (load), 25
meas setup menu map (meas
detector), 28
meas setup menu map (show all),
28
Meas Tools, 165
Measure, 148
measure
average, 161
delete signals, 154
remeasure signals, 155
signal list, 149
signal list on off, 150
signal marking, 158
sort signals, 152
measure menu map, 30
measure menu map (delete
signals), 32
measure menu map (remeasure),
33
measure menu map (signal list),
31
measure menu map (signal
marking), 33
measure menu map (sort signals),
32
measure setup
200 MHz - 1 GHz, 125

Index

30 - 300 MHz, 125
average on off, 143
corrections, 131
measurement speed
increase, 64
measurements
selecting radio standards, 163
menu map
Alpha Editor, 9
Amplitude Correctrions, 11
Amplitude Y Scale, 10
Auto Couple, 12
BW/Avg, 13
Det/Demod, 14
Display, 15
File, 16, 17, 18
Freq Count, 19
FREQUENCY Channel, 20
Input/Output, 21
Marker, 22
Marker ->, 23
Meas Control, 24
Meas Setup, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29
MEASURE, 30, 31 , 32, 33
Peak Search, 34
Preset, 35
Print Setup, 36
Source, 37
SPAN X Scale, 38
Sweep, 39
System, 40
Trig, 42
View/Trace, 41
Min Hold, 209, 212
Min Search, 166
minimum to marker, 166
MODE, 162
Mode Setup key, 163
N
N db Points On Off, 166
Next Peak, 166
Next Pk Left, 165
Next Pk Right, 165
Next Window, 164
noise level, 119
None key , 175
Norm Ref Lvl, 183, 211
Norm Ref Posn, 183, 184 , 211
Normal key , 115, 169
normal marker, 115
Normalize, 210
Normalize On Off, 183, 211
O
Operations key, 210
Orientation, 176

Index

output screen data, 174
P
Pause, 121
pause, 121
peak
next, 166
Peak Excursn, 167
Peak Readout, 169
Peak Search, 165
Marker Search, 165
Peak Search menu map, 34
Peak Sort Freq Ampl, 169
Peak Table, 169
Peak Table On Off, 169
Peak Threshold, 168
peak to peak measurement, 166
Period (Marker Readout menu),
117
Pk-Pk Search , 166
Point, 54, 57, 59, 62, 134, 136,
138, 141
Point (Display Edit menu), 85,
128
Power On Last Preset, 195, 196,
197
Power On/Preset, 195
Power Suite Plus
selecting radio standards, 163
Power Sweep On Off, 181
power-on state of spectrum
analyzer, 195, 196
preamplifier gain, 64
Preferences, 90
Presel Adjust, 52
presel adjust key , 52
Presel Center, 52
preselector adjustment, 52
preselector centering, 52
Preset menu map, 35
Print key, 174
print screen report, 175
Print Setup, 175
Print Setup menu map, 36
Printer Type, 175
printing, 174
Prints/Page 1 2, 176
Q
quasi-peak detection mode, 80
R
radio standards
Mode Setup key , 163
selecting for Power Suite Plus
Measurements, 163

ratio
video bandwidth to resolution
bandwidth, 76
Readout, 117
real-time clock
set date, 197
set time, 196
Ref Level, 51
Ref Lvl Offst, 53
reference level, 51
reference level offset, 53
relative, limit line type, 88, 131
remeasure
signals, 155
Remote Port, 199
Rename, 104
rename correction files, 104
rename limits, 104
rename screen files, 104
rename setup files, 104
rename states, 104
rename traces, 104
Resolution Auto Man, 108
resolution bandwidth, 73
Resolution BW Auto Man, 73
resolution BW auto man key, 73
resolution of marker counter, 108
Restart, 121
Restart key, 177
Restore Sys Defaults, 201
Resume, 121
Return key, 178
S
Save, 94
save limits, 94
save setup files, 94
save states, 94
save traces, 94
Scale Type Log Lin, 51
Scale/Div, 51
Bluetooth FM Demodulation, 51
FM Demod, 51
screen annotation
on or off, 90
screen data output, 174
screen graticule, 90
screen title, 89
Search Param, 167
Select, 54, 56, 59, 61, 133, 136,
138, 140
Select Marker 1 2 3 4, 115, 117
select marking type, 159
Service key, 204
service key access, 204
Set Date, 197
Set Time, 196

217

Index

Show Errors, 194
show errors, 194
Show Hdwr, 200
Show System, 199
signal list, 149
on off, 154
signal list key, 149
signal list on off key, 150
signal marking, 158
Signal Track On Off, 110
signal tracking , 110
Single Sweep, 180
single sweep, 191
sort signals, 152
Source, 181
Source menu map, 37
source power, 181
Span, 185
span
full, 185
last, 186
zero, 185
span functions, 185
Span Pair Span Center, 116
SPAN X Scale, 185
SPAN X Scale menu map, 38
Span Zoom, 185
spectrum analyzer attenuator, 51
spectrum analyzer state recalled,
195, 196
squelch, 83
Standby key , 179, 189
start and stop frequencies, 120
Start Freq, 109
start frequency, 109
state of spectrum analyzer at
power on , 195, 196
stimulus response mode, 191
Stop Freq, 109
stop frequency, 109

218

subtract display line from trace 2,
210
Sweep, 190
Sweep Cont Single, 191
sweep control
continuous, 191
single, 191
sweep menu map, 39
sweep time, 190
Sweep Time Auto Man , 190
switch trace 1 and 2, 210
Swp Coupling SR SA, 191
System key , 194
System menu map, 40
T
tab keys, 205
Test On Off, 85, 127
Time (Marker Readout menu),
117
Time/Date, 196
Time/Date On Off, 196
Timebase, 199
timebase adjust
Fine, Coarse, 199
timebase verification, 199
Title, 89
trace
clear write, 209, 212
Trace 1 2 3, 209
trace register contents, 210
trace registers
copying contents, 210
exchanging contents, 210
tracking generator
output power, 181
power sweep, 181
power sweep range, 182
source power offset, 182
source power step size, 182

tracking generator functions, 181
Tracking Peak, 184
Trig Delay On Off, 206
Trig key , 206
trig menu map, 42
Trig Type Edge Level, 192
trigger
external, 206
line, 206
video, 206
turning off markers, 119
Type Upper Lower, 84, 126
V
VBW/RBW Ratio, 76
Video, 206
video averaging, 74
video bandwidth to resolution
bandwidth ratio, 76
Video BW Auto Man, 74
View, 209
view
max/min, 183, 209, 210, 212
select view, 81
View/Trace, 209
view/trace menu map, 41
Viewing Angle, 213
Z
Zero Span, 185
Zone, 186
Zone Center, 187
Zone On Off, 186
Zone Pk Left, 188
Zone Pk Right, 188
Zone Span, 188
Zoom, 214

Index

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