Banked_and_Portable BIOS Banked And Portable
Banked_and_Portable-BIOS Banked_and_Portable-BIOS
User Manual: Banked_and_Portable-BIOS
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Banked and Portable
Basic I/O System
(B/P
Copyright
by
Cameron
K.
Cotrill
Bios)
(C
)
1990-93
and Harold
F.
Bower
B/P
by
Bios,
Harold
and
Cameron
its documentation
F.
EkjNer
and
W.
are Copyright
utility programs
Cotri11
Rights Reserved.
All
-
its
'
F. Bower
Redglobe
Ct.
Severn, MD 21144-1048
Harold
7914
(C)
1990-92
Cotrill
W.
Cameron
2935 Manhattan
La Crescenta,
Ave
CA 91214
Al
Both Authors maintain accounts and may be contacted on the Ladera Z-Node,
Hawley,
Hawley
SYSOP, at (310) 670-9465.
has
been
Al
gracious in offering
Ladera services as the central repository for the official versions, and
support clearinghouse for the latest B/P Bios support information and utili-
ties.
B/P
Ellos
is
methodology,
an
original
routines,
work architected
and "grunt work"
by
by
W.
Cameron
Harold
F.
Cotri1l, with support
Bower.
This manual was edited on several B-bit machines
using the operating system
ZOE
and
described herein with both
WordStar 4.0.
It was formatted using
WordStar 7.0 on a 386 clone and printed on an Epson LQ-570 printer.
Trademarks:
Digital
Z80,
ZIBO,
Z280,
Zilog; DDT, CP/M,
Little Board, Ampro Computers;
ZCPR3,
ZCPR33,
ZRDOS,
ZDH,
Systems;
Alpha
WordStar,
Inc.;
Research
DateStamper,
MicroPro Int'l; Dbase II, Ashton-Tate; BackGrounder
Turborom,
P1u*Perfect Systems;
DosDisk, Z3PLUS, Bridger Mitchell;
Advent;
NSC800,
National Semiconductor; SEsü30, MicroMint; HD64180, Hitachi; XBIOS,
W.
Malcom
Kemp; ZS1X)S, ZOCOS, ZDS, Harold F. Bower
Cameron
Cotrill - Carson
Wilson.
NewWord,
ii,
Acknowledgements: Many thanks to the testers of preliminary versions of B/P
These
Bios for their faith, feedback and suggestions.
hearty souls include;
Paul
Chid1ey, designer of the YASBEC, Ian Cottre11, jim Thale, and Larry Moore
who all participated
in banked testing of the YASBEC Version; and Terry Hazen,
designer of the MDISK memory expansion board for the Ampro Little Board who
validated B/P Bios on that platform.
While this product was produced
Warranty:
with the best efforts of the authors, we cannot certify it as suitable for any specific task to which you may
subject it. The authors will make reasonable efforts to correct deficiencies
when notified of them,
within the constraints of fiscal prudence. Since this
product is being distributed in source code form specifically so that users
may modify and tailor your computer system, the authors cannot be held liable
for any data loss or inconvenience due to user's alteration of the distributed
community,
the authors are willing, as
systems.
In the spirit of the Z-System
knowledge
and help others learn
project
share
of
to
systems,
this
attests,
by working with them in detail.
about operating systems
TABLE
.
1
.1
.2
.3
About
1
Thi s Manual
Notational Conventions
is B/P Bios'?
History of B,/P Ellos
1.3
.......,
Features of B/P Bios
2. 1
IO
Character
2 .2
Mass Storage IQ
2 .3
Clock Suppm"t for Time anci Date
2 .4
Banked
Memcry Support
2. 5
Other Features
Tailoring
a Ei/P Bicis
3. 1
Theory of Operat ion
B/P Bios "lies
3. 2
3.3 B/P Bios O[jtiorg
3A
C.onfiguraticn Considerations.
1
1
3.
1
Introduction
1
2.
OCNTENTS
OF
What
The
.
Installing
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P'rclgra"kylil}g
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TafÁe
5. i
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EJoe Data St'wctures
5. 2
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CclnfigUraTiQn
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Pa!"a¶!ete?"
Heac'u"
t)'sf
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Sy-ster
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.
EPCNFG
6. 2
- Configuration
E3PCN7G
UsinC
6. 2.1
6
2
Me"iu Screen
Details
.2.
B/P Bios Debug
6.3 BPIJ3JG
6.3.1 Usi ng EPDBUG
EIPDB'JG
6. 3.2
Commands.
6.4 EPFORMAT
Floppy Disk Format
6.4. 1 Us7nC EPFORMAT
6 .4. 2
Cor\fiCuratic}n
6 .4. 3
BP"OFNAT Erro" Messages
BPS\'/Ap
6. 5
Lcgica1
Dísk Swap
i3. 5. 1
LEi no ElPSv'iA,7'
6. 5. 2
BPS\í'A7 F'-!-os Messa?es
e.. L)
BdS'{.SG"N
Syznem Ger)el"a: ic)n
4.
.
2
2
3
4
4
4
Utility
83
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84
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u
137
EíZí
89
Using
6.6.1
6.2
CP3YSGE\i
8PSYSGEN Error
6.
6.
7
COPY
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Messages
Copy
- Generic File
Usi ng
9Z'
UtiVty
9¢
6.7
COPY'
6. 7.2
Options
6.8 EMULATE - A7ien Disk Emulation Utility
6.13.1
Using EMULATE
6.8.2 EMULATE Error Messages
HDBOOT
6. 9
Hard Drive Boot Utility
6.9.2 Using HDBCÜT
6.9. 3 HDBeT Error Messá¢és
6. 1lj
HDIAG
Hard Disk Format/Oiagnostic
Utility
6. 10.1
Using HDIAG
6. 1G .2
HDIAGi Error MessaCes
RAM
6. 11
INIRAMIJ
Disl, Initializaticn Uti1jty'
.?
COPY
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UsinC
6. 11 .1
IN!RAB£.
6. 11 . 2
Command Line '4.: Re
6. 1 1 . 3
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Messacma
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INIT3IF:
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Eu"o" Yessages
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Using
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6. 1 6. 2
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5. 1 7
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6. 17. 1
Usi rig PAF?
6. 1 7 . i?
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6.20
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Using SPINU"
SPINUP Error Messges
6. 20. 2
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6. 21
Support Uti
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Option Oesc: rijjticns.
Error Me3sagEs
File Lister Uti'ity for
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ZXF'
ZXb
Cptiüns
6.23.2
6.23.3 Customizing ZXD
ZSUJS Version 2
ZCPR
Versicn 4
Glossary
Annotatec
Appendix
Appencñ
Appencñx
Index
Notes
Bib?
1
x
2
3
-
1
1
ZSDOSZ
iograpiy
Functiorí Reference
ZSCOS
Funct: cn Reference
Dates?ec
arÍcj File Stamp Formats
BIOS
y
38
139
13S
13£'
142
143
144
145
148
1 5F'
1
"3
1 SE
1
5'i'
1 5£'
B/P
!NTRODUCT!ON
BIOS
Introduction.
1.0
is an effort to stanPortable (B/P) Basic I/O System (BIOS)
on Microcomputers
dardize many of the logical to physical mapping mechanisms
of such systems.
running Z-Systems
with ZSDOS.
In expanding the capabilities
became
do
BíOSes
apparent that standard
not contain the functionality
it
standardizat ion in extended BIOS calls, nor an interna!
necessary, adequate
B,/P
structure
to fully support external determination of system parameters.
Ellos
achievin,sz
method
these
provides a
of
goals, while also possessing the
wide
hardware
systems
of
with a much smaller
on
a
range
operate
to
flexibility
pI"ograníming
systems
level of
than previously required.
The
Banked
and
About This
1.1
Manual.
Documentation on B/F' Filos consists
the diz,trihution
disk in the file
foliowinct <— sections-n
o
The
c)
Tailoring
this
latest ac'deí]duRl ní)
is di\"icI€¿d int(? thc
the significant features of !3,'í"
Features of B/P Bios sunímm"izes
genL'l'(íl
advantaµes
and the fe'n litnitaticms
Bios in
highl ighting
.
] n t líe
xystt'm.
B/P Bios con'.aim
b'erle-l"¿"2tt
Installing
c.'
manual
of
plus the
README.2ND.
This manual
,i
a
c"L!:
C!t-'tái
.p1"l
-to¡l}jz¿'d
ts
file'
altc"ring
tai¡(: )I"c'¿! tu
on
the mny
\"c)u1"
1Áj
M"SLí·!ü.
¥
B/P Bibs :ieí¿iiis í!í·: :' in:jnülaticm of E/F' BiQ"b iii
/J(i,','i.L(i a'onf ifw"tít io: "í.s in a "how to" faslúm.
b._: íi_i
3i1"lÜ
[?'/)¿-i.'/,I¿,.'
for
Programming
c!atü
B/P Bios describes the interfacus.
anü I"ec'L7ní||íL!rí(.]e¿í
!)r¿)gl"aBLming pract ices to insure the
í/t'ñcfií arx-i pcrforniani'c frc"m svstenis with B/P 13io.":
t'
cl'tiL2ní,
su'uc'tcí"c'
Hi¿'íí
1rmm
.
The
{'
Far
B/P Bio.s
izat 1oi) c:
(_)
Appendices
()
A
c)
An
thost-
glossary
index of
Utilities cies,ci"iMs the rurr)Qj!t'. operation. anci cu'acz: .f al! supj"'; led lil/F' Hio: t:tÁitiéf,, ancí support I"(-jU[irlL's.
-,
",i'hich
su¿)lnta:
dc'finiñf"
key
words
"izt' rarious
many
and
technical
phrases
t interested in the technical
pre-configurec! version
\íittí
r.c:
technical
used
terms
used
informat ion.
in
this
details. or
in this
Manual.
Manual.
who
want
to bring th'-'
quickly as possible,
Section 'l.
Installing a B/P Bios. \.\"j}j lead you through the installation steps needed to
pcrforríí the fina! tailoring to your specific
Other chapters co\"t-]"
computer.
details of the individual
software modules
comprising the B/P Bios, and specifics on the utilities prorided to ease you use of this product.
systeií.
up
¿j
as
1
B/P
INTRODUCTION
1.2
Notational
BIOS
Conventions
Various shorthand terms and notat ions are used throughout
are listed in the Glossary at the end of this manual.
Though
summariz
the symbols
ing program
glance how to enter
this
cryptic at first, they are a consistent
Once you
learn to read thew you
syntax .
even the most complicated commands.
seem
manual
way
can
.
Terms
of
briefly
tell at a
Several special symbols are used in program
syntax descript ions . Fly convenYou may or
indicate opt ional command line items.
t ion, square brackets (
items shown between
brackets in your command, but if you do
may not include
not, programs usually substitute a default value of their own.
If items
between
brackets are used in a command, all other items between
the brackets
must also be used,
unless these items are themselves bracketed.
ljl
All of the support utilities dereloped to support the B/F' Bios system contain
built-in help screens which use the above com"entions to display heipfvl
invoked by fol lowing the command with two
Help i s always
syntax suriirüaries.
l//l.
slashes
5(-)
for
exaniple
ZXD
invokes help for
ZXJJ.
such
progranís
as a session
B!'C\"FG2
as
the
,
//
Interactive'
directory program.
also contain more detai ieci help messages which
ZSDOS
extended
ZSDOS
appear
progres»es.
les may be inroked f'roní the command line with options whi ch conimanci
By convent ion, opt ions airto behave irí ,5light ly different ways.
the P option in the congiven after other coinmand panimctei"s.
For example,
Many ut i
the programs
lit
niancí
ZXD
'C*
P
directory
to list all files l*.*) and send its output
utility
For
conrenience.
slash character (/1 can often
a single
(pj.
printer
be used
in place üf leading paranieters to signify that the rest of the cowñiañd
Therefore, the command
line consists of option characters.
the'
causes
2ÑJ)
to the
ZXD
is identical
1.3
What
in
is
B/P
meaning
Ip
to the previous
exaníple
(see
6.23 for
more
on
ZXI)).
Bios?
Bios is a set of software subroutines which directly control the chips and
and present a standard software
interface
in your computer
other hardware
to
such as our ZSDOS/ZDDOS,
System
Echelon's ZRDOS, or even Digital
the OpeI"atin?
These
Research' s CP/3'l 2. 2.
routines comply with the CP/M 2.2 standards for a
Basic ID System (BIOS) v\ ith many extensions; sortie based orí CP/Jl 3.: c {aka CP/: \:
B/P
2
B/P
lNTRODUCTION
BIOS
others developed to provide
properly coded. the modules
ware .
nearly
the standard support utilitiem
cation programs
without alteration.
and
When
Plus
j.
The
ability to operate
Banked.
Non-banked
necessary capabilities of modern softcomprising a B/P Bios perform with a!!
ali Z-System utilities. and most ap¡"'liand
System
Boot
number
of
a
Program
Area
with a single sui te of sof tware. across
chines, plus the maximization of Transient
in banked systems
grams
are features which are offered
which we are aware.
1.3
History
The
of
B/P
versions
different
of the Bios
hardware
ma-
for application
proby no other system
of
Bios.
convinced us that we needed to attack thc
earl lei" work developing ZSDOS
and develop soníe stanZ80-compat
ible cornputers
machine-dependent software in
dard
enhancements
in ordcr to exercise the ful! potent ial of our machinúís .
ijre]Tji
s
>1-·
Thi
is even more true today wi th large Hard Disks (o\'é1" lOó 31epaMtes ) be insz \'él"\" common, needs for large RAM Di" ií'es, and an ever shr ink iníi
Trans lent Program
Area.
Attempts to gain f lexibility with normal
operat ing
by the' 64k addressable memory range
systenis
in Z80-conípat ihlc
m-'re constrained
systeíisc and forced frequent operat ing systetn changes exempt if led by \"ZCCN anti
whe re di ft'erent
¿'ZBI.ITZ
operat ing conf igurat ions could be gu ickly changed
u)
accornmocjaíe
appí ic'at ion program
needs.
Our
to late 19>1)' u, several efforts had been made to bank port ions of
ÑIIÜS
"ty¡'e"' systt'ni: -..
Bios for only the H[)("}jiS{')-!)ast.: c:
was a banked
and flexihle'
\'\í"íi }(-' it displayed
\Qicro!'fint ,sB-l8ñ fami ly.
intci"an eícetlent
fact"
and the ahí
of"
haci several
with
peripherals,
a
variety
to
opt'i'ate
lity
it
A
banked
Fiicw
gu i rk'-i ancl rmt i ceabl y degraded
the computer
períbrnianc'e.
\..i$
a Iso !j1"o(|uc'c'í"Í
fot' the xi-v-im sing le board S- lOó computer, but required spúc:
iai \'c'!": 4i()]16 of ni,-my Z-Syste[lí utilities. and uas riot produced iri any mµ': ííf :
Other sginofí'm such ax the Epsor] portable. attempted ban!nn;í'
cant quantity.
cjí the- T2io<. hut níüxt t'ai led to achieve
goals of conípat ibi iour cQrrlprehensi\"e
e>:
the'
sMt'n'ai"e
and
viitlá
high
performance.
bast',
it\'
htin;-'
portability.
In the
níid
CP/Y
2
2.
-
mock or:
In jgüy. Cmii (lL3\"el(jp€'{_i the f irst prototype of B/P Bios in a Non-banked
and the Command í'roces.his TeleTe-k v,hi ltz Hííl concentrated orí extending ZSDOS
As of niicl-l992, B/P BIos has been installed
so!".
on:
YASBEC
Ampro LB W/MDISK
MicroMint SB-18Q
Compu/Time
S-1Oó
Te1ete¢t
-
-
ZIBO CPU, FDi7"2 FDC. DP8490 SCSI,
Z80 CPL', FD1770 FDC, MDISK IMB RAM
HD64180 CPL', SMS9266 FDC, 256KB RAM
Z80 CPL",
FD1795 FDC, l MB RAM
ZSO
CPU, NEC76S FDC. 64KB RAM
1MB
RAM
3
B/P
FEATURES
2
Features
of
B/P
BIOS
Bios.
is designed to be completely compatible with the CP/M 2.2 standards
lO System.
Basic
for banked
as well as to provide rnany extensions needed
for
which is becomin? so prevalent
with newer systems and processors.
Additionally.
strict codinsz G—- standards used in the various modules forming the
problems
and provide
BIOS ease
interface
with applicat ions programs
a rnore
The extensions
added
for future deve lopment .
robust f ramework
basic
the
to
CP/M 2.2 foundation
include many elements from Digital Research's CP/l"t 3 (aka
CP/M PIus),
but in a níore Kgicallv - consistent
Also included in
manner.
banked
versions are provisions for managing
for
up to 8 MB of extended memory
banked
in future verappl icat ions, RAM Drives and potent ially mult itasking
To provide insight
into the methodology used,
let us now examine
some
s ions .
of the features in a ?eneric B/P Bios.
B/P
BIOS
a
memory
2.1
Character
lO.
defined by Digital Research in their CP/M 2.2 standards,
character
j(j
Fl/P H los
consisted of loµica1 derices referred to as TTY, CRT. UCJ, COX. etc.
izes these interfaces
using the IOBYTL to definú tour
extends and ~mmeral
'
The
physical de\'jc-eb
cal led COMl, CCMZ. PIÓ and NL"L.
first two. CC.')!! anc
PTO
CO?42.
is a Parallel
serial porU:
are
port, while NL'L i-s a "b]t-buckL't"
which can be i"ep1acr"d by a customized driver, or used in lieu of ím actual
provided only a limited interface capabi lity tcj tlitdevi ce . Digi tal Rest-arch
charac't er devi ces
in ('P/: \| 2 .2 . consist in? of a ConsoK ( CON ) . an auxiliary
(LST).
and a Printer
The ability
to sen.sc' !npuz
Input and Out!")ut (RPR/PCC),
and was enhanced
and Output Status with these' derices was extremely limited
in
B/P i!iic+
capahi i
CP/Jf 3 .
These enhanced
incorporated
into
les
completely
are
it
\4ith the addition of strict register usage so that only relerant registerú ilk!}"
be altered
By rnanipulat ing the IOB\"TL , any of íht-'
in the respectií"e routines.
four physical derices may be used in the three logical cít\"ices of CC)µ: xo}e.
mt:
xi liary. and Printer {I-ST) .
As
17c
}3i()q are níodificat ions of CP/N 3 function±. to
and
Cié\_icés
a
and
l
of
addresx
the
al
parameters,
return
(or
t:ible which contains nan"m"s and parameters of the def ined character de\"icL'>.
these functions
compatible with CP/M 3 equivalents,
\\"hile ñol
are
needed
advanced
and
systei"ú.
with
consistent with the
ÁísQ
featured
in
init
B/P
re-initialize)
totally
spirit
functionality
líj
this
Included in the device table are; flags defining whether the device is capable
of Input. Output or Both, Data rates for serial devices {Maximum and Set l,
(CTS/RTS,
XON/XOFF
níethod
Serial data format where appl icable. and Handshaking
unneeded
masks
for stripping
bit>
as \\"éi l as Input and Output Data
or None),
from characters during 10.
2.2
Mass
Storage
lO.
All versions of Digital Research's CP/M BlOSes define only a generic 1)isk
driver with implementations of Floppy, Hard, RA3Í and Tape drives left to thc
In FI/F BIos, we went several steps further to easn-' {T'lar]\"
user or cle\"eloij¿^]".
4
B/P
FEATURES
BIOS
retained ali standard CP/M 2.2 functions and pa.rarñeters.
Header
(DPH)
table
features for returning
the Disk Parameter
code
and added a ne\\
segment,
flushing of the software deblocking
vector to the BIOS jump table to provide a standard method of directly addressing low-level cjé\"icé functions.
Severa! standard low-level F loppy Disk
and
used
by
functions are supported
the standard utilities, including a function to return the type of Disk Controller in use which permitz a single
platforms.
In a like
support utility to adapt to a wide variety of hardware
Hard
low-level functions are provided for SCSI/SASI
manner,
Disk drives, and
provisions for RAM Disk drives in the event special hardware
is implemented.
The methods
used to implement
these access mechanisms
niay be logically extended to handle Tape Drives
Interfaces.
or Network
problems.
First.
CP/M
address, and
added
Clock
2.3
we
3
Support
Time
and
Date.
hare
added
provisions for Time and Date as non-stancl¿1}"c!
.2
and
have
BlOSes,
extensions to
incorporated such support into
wore
3 BlOSes.
\4e
3
CPÑ
CP/M
opted to define the
clock vector as a ZSDOS-standaríi
clock builciiñ€ on our l)re\'ic)us Operating Systeríi work.
This entry point into
the Bios completely
complies \Á'itfí our ZSDOS standards and can con:
For systetiís
replace the separatt: clock cirirer when used with ZSDOS.
capahk
such
YASBEC and SB-l80.
of I"eFurniIU tenth$-of-M'ccj!!d>.
as the
the stand.u-cl
tCj
ha> been enhance'cl
sul)r)cjI"t
this capability
as well.
Many
Hardvüare
for
venckrs
CP/?vl
2
pletely
2.4
\\'hi
Banked
le
Memory
Support.
Digital
F'c'searc'h
acicitú banked
CP/Jl 3.
iÉ
'.\"ás
uteiííory support to
inc'gíílÉ)ati}/}e
v,i
manner
tk F,io-t> intéríacc-· standards defined fo'j eiírliei" GP/lC
stanc!m"d>.
The !Ílethc3(j used
in B/P Bios is compliant with CF'/3! 2.2 iíj direct
oí"
v\
accessing
Bios functions
cmly one riiinor exception wheií us'iiñf the'
Banked
ZS2)OS2. and coma iñf uüíny oí the CI-'/M 3 extens ions added
íc: i" t?a7]R·¿-!
\\'i
SOIhGsuppcn"t
be
[}iellí()ry
íh
being modified to
consistent
with standards
.
í"': n"
adopted
s()f't',\'arL-.
Z-.Sy.rtern
Ihe excepticm to CP/M 2.2 accesses
OCCUl'k v\"i"íc'rí
Operat
Sysíwií
the
inj'
can acce: sx certain
buffers in the Systeflí l'4emciry Eiarí!:
E3uffers
Check Buffers
(AI-\"),
with ZSM': -, : AI locat ion
(CS\").
and tht-' Di ti.:
Host
l
Puffer are' al containcÑ in the Systeni Bank and not
acce.q>ib!€
fi"oní Trans lent Progranis
To compensate
for
we have added
a command zü
.
ZSDC'S
2
to return the free space on disks (the most common reason for acces>ing these buffers) and tal iored sereral
les to adapt to banked and nonbanked
systems.
their
a
It
ith
.
.
Fit
this,
directly
utilit
In additicui Iq the priníitires initiated br Digital Research.
funcwe added
tions to directly access Words and Bytes in extended banks of memorm Directlr
and properly
accessing software routines contained in alternate memory banks,
mana?ing
These
the systeni when errors occur.
features wake B/F' Bios much rnort
These
robust and resi lient than other products.
by
features are implemented
methods
system
les
transparent to the
that
so
the
functions
sanie
art-'
utilit ions
aval lab : e iii bot h bankt'd ancl non-banked
vers
.
5
FEATURES
2.5
B/"P
BIOS
Other Features.
B/P
Bios contains a standardized iderit ification method which may he used to
determine the hardware
on which the software is operating.
This ai lows applications to "adapt" to the environment in a wanner similar to that used in ti"íg
community.
rest of the Z-System
It also minimizes system "crashes" by executfeatures which may be detrimental
ing programs
which assume certain hardware
The
effects of identification of physical
if executed on other system:s.
system pararríeters is most readily noticed by virtue of a single suite of
performing low-level funct ions such as format t ing and diagsupport programs
nostics which function across widely differing hardware
platform. Portability on this scale can rarely be seen in other computer
systems.
in a B/P Bios system.
3.4 Environment with extensions is mandatory
address
and
System
Segment
size information for
Beginning with the addition of
CPR, DOS and BIOS which wei"ú added
in the ZCPR 3.4 Em"ironwerít. B/P Bios also
acids a Resident User
Space
which may be used to locate unique rout ines fat"
app!
custom
ication.s in a rtianner similar to, but more consistent than X'Z-("'("): ..l.
Em"ironment
An
\'ersiorí nunibt'r of 90H identifies the Z3 Environment as, bein,"
H/P
deíinitionsn
conipliant with
The
ZCPR
Banked
progran1b
may also be placed in alternate
ñit'nícu"y
systenm application
and
banks
sizing inforniat ion contained at standard pQsitiorí"Y
using Iocat ion
This ieature permits
\Üüjiñ tht-' Hios Header Structure.
greater
without
precious Transient Program Area. while t!íc"
funct ional
scheme' employed
ion is subject to minor aciju"j: nient> ajj
in thc
l-)ec()r!|e>
i"ni!y
banked
7S!JOS2
dere loped. experinientat ion and 5L|2qL-"qnmrt- f i
tht
s 1"(j: ;zinÍ
encouraged.
aire
tioñx into
In
tty
thi:
6
sacrificing
initial distribut
significantly
B/P
Tailoring
3.
TAILORING
BIOS
B/P
Bias.
i3ios
for t"Oúl" use, or adapt
to a new hardware
set, you
and
ansembler
of
producing
an editor
an
capable
standard Microsoft
Systems
Relocatable
using the Hitachi HD64180 or Zilog Zi80 must be
assembled
with either ZMAC or SLR180 which recognize the extended mnemonic
of the
which permits assembly
set, or with a Z80 assembler and MACRO
280
and
extended instructions.
compatible processors, suitable assemblers
For
inc lude ZMAC' and Z80ASM.
For any assembler.
to produce standal"ct
Microsoft Relocatable code
preclude the
of our Standard
B/P Bios systems.
to properly
To
customize
a
will
a B/P
it
need
files.
file
install
3.1
Theory
failure
ability
will
utilities
of Operation.
In order to understand the need for, and principles
behind B/F' ÉiiQs. you niu>t
understand the way in which CP/M 2.2, as níodified by the Z-System ust,s tht-'
For standard \'ersiol?w
available níenmry address
space of a Z80 niicroprocessor.
of CP/Kl and compat ible systenís. the only absolute memory addresses are contained in the Base Page which is the range of O to IOOH. All addresses aboveUser
this point are rariaMe
lu"ithin certain liníits).
proEraTns
are normal ly
Program
(TPA) which is the remaining space
Area
run fr(jnl the Transient
aftcr
have
been
The follow"inµ
al J Oµeraí ing 9'ystern components
allocated.
depicts
the' a".sigñt-"d
u.'
areru pictcu"ial ly alon,z with sonic common elements assigneci
eac'h iríemry area:
7FFFF',
,
)
Z-Sytren"
BufÍers
ENV,
TQ4P,
Code
"
System
CP/M
2. 2,
Processor
CCP,
ZCPR3. x
t
i
)
Bicis
L
)Operating
{
Command
(
i
t
Transze:
lOP,
ÁLV,
CSV,
ZRíX)S,
FCP,
RCS"
Sector BúÍíe'
8
ZSDOS1
it
Program
)
)
Area
O1OOH
Base
0OC)ÓH
As
more
and
drives were
to Bio.s code
ly scarce'.
i
Page
IOBYTE,
jmp
WEI,
jmp
Dos,
FCB,
Buffer
funct ionality was added to the Z-System Buffers.
bigger
usinµ wore AL\" space, anci addit ionai funct ionality was added
in recent systems. the available TPA space has become increasing-
more
added
B/P
Bios attacks this prohleni at the source in a manner which is easily adaj"'table to different hardware
pIatfornis.
It uses addit ional memory for more than
RAY
the'
of'
rcMz
ionai
simple
Disks.
tradit
it moves much of the added overhead
7
B/P
TAILORING
to alternate
rríeniory
banks.
generic
The
scheme
BIOS
pictorially as:
appears
FFFFH
BNK1
80OOH
BNKO
7
BNK2
7
BNKU
BNK3
i
OOOOH
L
TPA
L
j
_ _ _
j
-
)"
ÁNKM"
RAM
DISK
USER
SYSTEM
j
'
from
the above diagram, mult ipíe banks of memory may be ascan be seen
regions of memory, with each 321: bank (except
signed to different functional
for the one defined as BNKI) being switched in and out of the lower 32k of the
The bank
def ined as BNK! is ALWAYS present and is
processor 's memory map.
referred to as the CO/ÜWoñ Bank.
This bank holds the portions of the C)peI"atin3
and Z-System
BIOS,
(Corumanci Processor. Operating System,
System
tables) which
from other areas. and which therefore
be "risible"
must always
may be accessed
code
contains
the
control
in the processor 's memory.
also
t he Bant
to
It
switching mechanisiñs
within the B/P Bios.
As
illustrate
To
systeni
this functional
ib divided
division.
the
memory
níap
of'
a
basic'
as:
FFFFH
Buffers
Z-System
Space
User
i
'
Bicis
System
Operating
Command
800OH
-
800OH
Processor
/
Transient
-
Bios Buffers
Banked
Ellos Part
Banked
Dos
Part
Banked
CCP
Part
Program
CCP
Area
Restoral
O1OOH
O1OOH
Base
Base
Page
Page
Copy
Bank
(BNK2
OOOOH
OOCKJH
TPA
8
(BNKO/BNK1
)
System
)
Fl/í"'
Fiio>
B/P
BIOS
TAILORING
The B/P Bios banking concept defines a one byte Bank Number permitting
up to 8
Megabytes
Certain assumptions are niacie iri the
to be direct ¡y control led.
numbering
scheme.
the foremost of which is that BNKO
is the lowest physical
RAM
bank,
B\KI ig the" next incremental RAM bank, with others foiíov\" in increment ing sequent
A couple of examples
may serve to
order.
The
YASBEC
is
offered
with
of
options in the Memory Map.
a
couple
process.
128k
Units
the MEN-I, 2 or 3 decoder PALs assign the
bytes of
physical memory to the Boot ROM, so BNKO is set to 4 (Banks O-3 are the ROY).
The MEM-4 PAL only uses
32k
the
(Physical Bank O) for the ROM which
BÑKO
means that
is assigned to 1, BNK! to 2 and so on up to the 1 Megabyre
maximum where
B\'KM is 31.
ial
illustrate this
with
first
first
The
Ampro
removes
ous RAM
equipped
the
Little
space.
I MB
Board
from
equipped with MDISK, on the other hand,
completely
the memory map leaving a maximum of 1 MB of contiguIn this system BIKO is set to O and BICKM to 31 of a fully
MDISK board.
Boot
ROM
The
region beginning after EAKJ i: s referred to as the Systetn bank.
at the bank nuníber assigned to B!ÑK2 and ends at the bank number
before that assigned to the Ljse'1" Bank, B\K1-" if present. or I3NK3
Bank area is defined.
If' presúnt
equate
for
It
bé;,'iris
ininiediately
if
(Jser
no
32!: banks
one or i)"kjl"C
of meiríorv H rnar be defined \\'i th the B: ':P:!."
uní que' Use i" programs
or storage areas . This area begins with tht-'
bank nun1!_)L'r
set
tO the
label and endx at the ban! nuniber immediate ly befort
RCK/ defines
a
the B\"K3 labt'i .
high area of physical memory which is Ilioxí
often w>éd ícr" a RAY Disk prcriiding fast temporary workspace
in the f(.)rIí} o! a: .
emulated M-sh cíi"i\¿.
.
B/P
Rios cc: "ííains prcñect ion tüechczrljsn1.b in the ÍQ1"lh of software c"hecÉ> fc)
inxure that Cl itica! port ions of the memory niap are enforced.
In the cam' of'
\"on-bank.ed
systems. a checi- is made to insure that the system size it not m..)
reserved Z-System
great tí"íat the BIos,, rííag o\"el'\i'1"iLe
areas in higlí n)e'rilc)ry (Fx'!".
ICU', etc i.
a
l)C)skii)ie
Q\"éI"ÍjQ\\
the rnessagc'
condition
is
detected,
li
++
\\"iÍÍ
be
mem
ovf1
issued
++
when
the system is
In
be
message
displayed
the top of the system
exceeds
For most
systems.
the 32k bank size.
níepabytes
of several hundred
to be accommodated.
v,ill
if
started.
this
Banked
portions
space
l3ios systeííím this
in the SYStem Ban!.
still permits cii"i\"ésj
Since the Common port ions of the operat ing system components must remain
check
\."isitj)é to applications,
a simi lar
is made to insure that the lowest
address
used by the Command Processor is equal to
Thi s
or greater than 800OH.
factor is checked both in both MO\'xSYS and BPBUILD with either a warning
issued in the case of the former. oí" validity checks on entry in the case O!"
tht latter.
o
4-f
TAILORlNC
B/P
3.2
Bios
B/"P
BIOS
Files.
This BIOS is divided into a nuniber of files. some of which depend highly on
used on the computer, and soníe of which are generic and
the specific hardware
need not be edited to assemble
Much use is níade of condia u'orking system.
Ellos
tional assembly
to tailor the resulting
file to the desired configuraspecifies which fijes are used to assemt ion. The Basic file, BPBIO-XX.ZSO,
of an included file, DEF-Xx.LIB. It is
ble the Bios image under the direction
and
features
contains
the Hardware-dependent mnemonic
which
selects
this file
By maintaining
which
the maximum possible code in common modules
equates.
require no a}terations,
versions of B/P Bios are relatively easy to convert to
The independent modules
used
in the B/P Bios system are:
different machines.
BCOTRAM. Z80
BCOTROM. Z80
BYTEIO. Z80
DEBLOCK. Z80
DPB.LIB
DPB8.LIB
DPB2 .LIB
DPBRAM. LIB
DPH.LIB
FLOPPY . Z80
SECTRAN. Z80
SELFLP1 . Z80
SELFLP2 . Z80
SELRWD. Z80
Z3BASE.LIB
-
-
-
(only needed in B(X)T ROM applications)
(only needed in BOOT ROM applicat ions)
Character JO per IOB\"TE usingz IIQ-Xx routines
Disk Deblocking routines
3.5/5.25" Floppy Format Def initions (if AutoSelect )
S"/Hi-Density Floppy Format Definitions
(if AutoSeiect )
(optional if Auto.Selec't
Additional Floppy Definitions
Fixed Floppy Format Definitions
(if' Not AutoSele'c't)
Header
Table &" Floppy def inít ions
Risk Parametc'r
Floppy Disk High-Level Control
routines
Sector lranslate
Floppy Select routine (ii !\"01 auto select inµi
Flcjp!"'y
Select routine (if" auto seiectiñfú
Read,/'l¥}"ite
cjíeneUc
routincs
ZCPP:
1..\ file equ'ite for tm'ironment
SétÜñ2b
)
n]U)c]Ul
t: h
These
te' varyinjz extents.
Other fi lex are ha1"(i\\'ar¿' \"c'rsiQl") dependent
fziven
systeins
which
naI[íeq
ion for different hardware
requi ring cu>tcmíizat
are
encl \'ritíí a generic "-X'." designator
Tailo: rin;,'
to identify specific rersicms.
f"i"orií biirli)}e
line custoniization
pronipí
ranges
these modules
to comj"lete 1"l-\'ersiom of F1,/T' Eiios gent-rated to date are identified as:
urite.v.
"-18"
"-YS"
"-AM"
"-CT"
"-TT"
Files
- 3licrojlint SR-IN
- YAsFíEt'
- Ampro Litt le board
Con)}ju/TiiI)¿'
S-1(K) board
TeleteÉ:
-
associated with specific
BPBIO-XX.Z80
CBOOT-XX .Z80
DEF-XX.LIB
DPBHD-XX.LIB
DPBM-XX .LIB
DPHHD-XX.LIB
DPHM-XX .LIB
FDC-XX .Z80
HARD-XX. Z80
10
(MISO CPU. 9Z6t"' FLK',
(zi: sü CPL", 1""2 FDC,
set
hardware
(?.S0 CPL.
(ZSÜ CPU.
(ZSO CPL',
versions
1"70 FIX',
1795 H)(-',
765 FIX')
or require
SP: Sí)
OP:
SCSji
SJ90 sí
MIJISK)
lMB Memory)
)
SI)
lPIFl
tailoring are:
- Basic file, tailored for included file names
s
- Cold Boot rout ines , Sign-on prompt
mode, speed,
Equates
for option settings,
etc'.
- Hard Drive
(optional)
Definitions
Partition
- Ram
(optional)
Definition
Drive
- Hard Drive OPEl
definitions (optional)
- Rani
DPt! Definition
(optional)
Drive
Lcní'-Lerel
interface/driver
Floppy
Disk
rout ines
Hai"d Drive Low-7,evel
interface/driver
ines (opt ionai
rout
-
)
B/P
TAILORING
BIOS
banked)
Rout ines (
if
- Banking Support
speed,
Physical Disks, etc
file for
- Configrration
IQ definitions and routines
Character
- Ram
Drive interface/driver
rout ines (opt ional)
- Counter/Timer
and ZSDQS
Clock Driver
routines
and re-initialization
Warm Boot
routines
Z80
Z80
.
Z80
IIO-XX.
RAMO-XX . Z80
TIM-XX. Z80
WBCOT-XX.Z80
IBMV-XX.
ICFG-XX
3.3
B/P
-
Blots
Options.
is to edit the
point in beginning a configuration
starting
guide
is
options.
This
the
desired
select
to
your
file choicesbasic
file
here
V\"l j !
and some careful
to choosing the opt ions for your system,
maximize
and
Some
of the more
minimize the Bios size
your functionality.
of them are:
important optionx and a brief description
The most
DEF-XX.LIB
logical
into M\"CP3'Í "type" loader?
the systení
Ib
Integrate
to bt-' inIf
MC)\"CP: \!
Environment
contained in the'
descriptor
tegrated into a
system the
ní(j\"(i'l: i
CBOOT
Cold
always
routine is
into position as part of the
Start proces>.
Enuironment
Descriptor
i: ."iet tCj NO. a Check. íül i be mack to see
an
if
If
a! ready loadetL anti tht' i-tic> copy v\'i i ] not be loaded
if one is present .
MOVCPM
-
many opt ionx are
f orct'd tí' ]. l .
BANKED
is inc
bank.
- ]x íhi>
juclc",l
\"ott-
integrated
Fios
letu.i to
¿isse}Í¿!}í ing
\'v]íL'ñ
NOTE:
dc'
a
f'oj"
Boot
conseiu"e
Track Instal lation (\'|Ú\"(: P\l sct tm YI--: - 't .
and
space
the Bios \"el"-s>ion Xul7í})t']" i j·.
})an}¿t-(i FSIUS.','
It' set to YES. the Bank cont rol niociul t'. IPC:i".
asstm,!"i ly. and much of the code
is re locatec
íj the" S}""íé!l:
be
Hanke-íl
CAWOT
Systeni
a
>\">tt·ñí
ihní
placed on the
i'racks. o!"
i1ll('iy-' .
l!íín li '\lt")\"\"'í-'")
a
iii tht
IBMOVS
No\-c's possible"
set to YES, direct tI"¿ír"l.s{'cl"
- Art- Are·ct !nzer-ííanÉ
o!' data hetv,e'erí
ban!.>
such
i> possible
as with the Zilog Z180/Hitachi
(4ñjC'.
NO. a 25()-l'yte transfer
buffer is included in high Coih!ikw Menmi'y and Jñ1-€'jbank illO\-éS require
gf hytes throuµh this buffer.
II
If
transíír
ZSIX)S2
If YES. the AL\" and t:s'í',"
- AsAeIl"l!: ¡e tíji s for a Banked ZSDOS2 system"
Thí '>
bufferb u"i!l be placed in the Systeín bank invisible to normal j'rogranis.
C:
has
the side effect
P/j'l programs
which perform sizing of fi ieu
that niany
DATSV\'EEF',
do
MEX,
(Directory Listers,
etc) which
not know about this functic-m
The
advantage
is that no sacrifice in TPA is
will report erroneous sizes.
Set
requimd for large Hard [)isks.
this to NO if you want strict CP/\! 2.2
conípatibility.
FASTWB
RAN'.'
Se-"t
'.t:
- Restore the Command Processor from the Systení Bank
If
Coníríiand
from
Boou will restore the
a reserved area in th: Processor
ban!: rather
cjf
For the maximum benefit
than from the boot tracks.
alwaµ>
tQ
YES.
exíendec:
set
systems
without
In
attenípt
this to
it MUST be sci io NO.
YES, V\'artn
RAM
System
B/P FjÍoá.
mel}"!c)l":
MHZ
\".
°,£'1
cloc!: i"att'.
Ec'
í'Iccc': >.FQr
sí-' z
to g )
.
Speed
The
in closest eren Megahertz
\"áiút entered here' is
(e.g. for
in many
used
a
"L2l6
systems
11
\íj!:
to
TAILORING
B/P
Tinting values and/or serial
compute
BIOS
data rate paraiüeuns.
Skeuí'
Tablet' if NO. a Skeí': table is used Íq!"
- Calculate Diskette
Skew
floppy forniat included in the image.
Caiculatinµ
is generally
from
although slightly slower by facíors
a size pérspective,
efficient
are so sníall as to be practicall'v - umíea.surable.
CALCSK
üac!i
IYtO1"E-
vchicl'i
lOP code
into jump table?
the IOPI\'1T
routine satisfies
If
- Include
initialization requirements, you may turn this off by setting to
This typically will be turned off when EeneIating,
a little space.
HAVIOP
your lOP
and save
system
INRCM
tems
.
ing
NO
¿i
for
integration
MO\'CPjí
to conserve
Is the Alternate Bank in
- Please
contact the authors
ROV-based
system
ROM':
if
components.
space.
Set
to NO for !Cormal Disk-based sysneed
additional
information concernyou
Set this to YES
BIOS
you desire direct
if
- Print BIOS error messages?
Messages.
BIOS
placc·printing of Floppy Disk Error
If you are building roonia and for
ment on Boot
must
tun":
you wi li probably not have
Tracks. however,
this off. Set to NO to sinipiy return the norma! Success/Fai! error flag "n'irh
priníout .
no Message
BIOERM
Some
Inc ltNe ¿j"' /Hi -Dcns ity FI oppy Forniat s '.'
systems íst$-]¿jj/.
S
S"
and
hardware
.25"
disks.
can handie both
supportu the
your
If
and yüu want
use s" disks
as \\'j| as the normal 3.5 and S.ZS"
capahi.lity
seííinp
diskettes.
thi:' to YES will add formats contained in DPF'S.LIH ant!
logic to tht assembly.
control
Future systeins mar take advantaµe of the
Thc
J.S and 5.25" F ioppy Disks which use higher data rates.
"High-Density"
ir
by
be
contrL)!]ed
definitions \íiÁ
this flag as well.
FLOPY8
('oli"l¡3u/1"in]é')
NOTE:
laíger
MORDPB
S'
) :'
and
A[: TO,\!- i: set to
Ifthan
since
necessam"
>
.
Lbc' iimre
YES. the'
led
mav be
NOTE:
larger
-
If
fil
Ifthan
this option
these additional
NO.
will probably
formats
mar.
the BIOS U)
cause
be
not
accessible.
4-5.25"
in adciit ion to norníal
Many of the forlr|¿?,lb
is included.
fj
\4ith anr non-conflict inA— forniats \"ou deñre.
Fíl?8's
DPB2 .LIB
Flopyr
le
(
anti
ope ion,-íÉ
are
Ijul"Ülrlie>.
set to NO. this option will probably cause the FI1(Rj to
necessary since these addit ionai foriuats may not be accessible.
AL'T'OSL
bt_·
if
bc
Is set to YES. user- Include Addit ionaí Character Device Drivers?
and
added
IO
associated driver
defined drivers are
table,
to the Characner
code
Systems
featuring expansion board such as the SB-180 and
is assembled.
and parallel interfaces
YASBEC may now take advantage
serial
of additional
code
NO
Set
within the basic Bios.
to limit
to the basic 4 drivers.
to
MCRDEV
When assembling a
NOTE:
MORDE\' is overridden
to
to
l.l
BUFCON
in the
Boot
Track
space.
and
Installation
the Bios
(MO\'CPk( set
Version Number
to YES),
is forced
distribution files.
ahead
- Use type
to create and níanayi
12
Bios for
conserve
a
buf fer for the Console?
type-ahead buffer for
If
the
set to
driver
YES. code
assemblecl
is
added
as
the
B/P
TAILORING
BIOS
such
(in systems
This device will be controlled by either interrupts
console.
as the YASBEC and SB-180 ) or background
pol ! ing ( in Ampro and Ccmpu/Tiine ) .
is doing something else
This means that characters typed whi le the computer
be
be
requested.
lost,
held
but
will not
will
until
BUFAUX
Use type
- YES
will
auxiliary device.
ting
to
ahead
buffer on
add code
to create
Since
the AUX port
bufferinsz~· the input
Auxiliary Port?
will
with BL'FCO\' above,
settype ahead buffer for the
typically is used for Modem connections.
minimize the loss of characters from the remote end.
and
manage
As
a
of Floppy disks
- Auto-select f loppy formats'!
If set to YES,the selection
SELFLP2.Z80
format
an
aígorithni
in
of
the disk from
to identify
will DPB
a1"ii-:
and
(DPB.LIB,
DPBS.LIB,
DPB2.L.IB)
the
included
optional
optional
files
]q,sz
There
must be NO conflicting definitions
the disk if a match is found.
See the notes irí
included in the various files for this to function properly.
NO,
the various files to clarifv the restrictions.
the sinszle
If set to
file
DPBRA'J.LIB
is included whic.h mav be tailored to contain oñí\'. the fixecl forimí
This results in the smallest code requireor fonrúiís desired per disk drive.
níent.
but least fte.íibiliíy.
AUTOSL
use
RAMDSK
any lrie!}jt: )ry abore
the
- Inc lude code for a RA\!-Disk?
If setDriveto YES,
RAM
)
bank
be
used
by
M:
may
i-ber
(default
is
a
or
for
drire
includinz -. the file- F:.4'l|.)-X>:.Z8("j.
Parameters to deterniine the size and configurcniori arc also includtd in the files DPH)1-XX.L!B and DPB: ví-XX.I..IE.
In systems.
a
withoat extendecl
s\"µ,tc'n)
rmüc"'i"y.
m" to conserve space: such
as when bui!dinµ
for tM boot tracks. this may be disabled by setting to NO.
Systeni
HARDDSK
- Include SgSj Eard ljisk
the ability to access Hard Ask.
\\"iii !)iiIlil}!i7e BIOS code.
HDINTS
Driver"
D:
Set
"irts.
In
a
to YES if
floppy-only
yoe wish
S}"Sté!h.
to include'
NO
entiu"
a
)
Depcuídent
such
1r)tc1"rur·l-as the YASBLC.
In sonic' systems
('QT1írc)j ieí"s usin? DJL'\ transfer
I
capabilities
may bu used.
HARDI-XX.ZXD
9q'j \i'istj to usc
type of" driver specified in the
instead
of the nortua!
pol led rout ines included in HARD-XX .ZSO. set this option to
TRUE.
wi Jl
this
In Ilk.Rñ cases.
require more Transient Prograit Area
since the Interrupt Handling"
routine musí be in Cotnmon Meníory.
- (Syst
di"iren Eard r)is!:
élh
tltA
f
file
drirer
CLOCK
BIOS+4EFI
Include ZSDOS Clock Driver Code?
If set to YES. the vector at
\'\'iit contain a ZSDOS-compatib!e
clock driver with the physical cod': -'
module.
contained in the TIM-XX.ZSO
If set to NO, calls to BIOS+4EH return an
error code.
)
TICTCC
Dependent
- (System
used
such
in systems
as the
scheme
not have an Interrupt
Use
pseudo
heartbeat
feature i"
which Ciij
Little
to control
Insnead. a series-.
of traps arc included in the code (Character
polls, Floppy Disk
Status polk) to check for Q\'erflo\\ of a l-Second Counter.
It is less desirbased
able than an Interrupt
system, but suffices when no other method
is
Set to NO if' not needed.
a"cailab!e.
QSIZE
Alí}P1"O
- Size in l'ytc's of type
ahead
Board
a Real
buffers
counter'?
and Compu/Tirrie
Time Clock.
IQ Status
control
led
by
BL:
This
SBCS80
Fcoy
arid
BUFAI
:
13
í.
TAILORING
B/P
BIOS
Act i\"áté Dynaníic
F'efresh features of ZI80/HD64!S0
In
processurs'.'
is not
computers using these processors such as the YASBEC, refresh
and merely slows
down processing.
Set to NO
not need this
if youthe dosignal
needs
dvnainic
feature.
uses
níeniorr,
for other
processor
or
If your
The
SBlSO
Set
Refresh
for
Disk
uses
Floppy
(e.g.
INA),
purposes
this to YES.
REFRSH
sorne
needed
ZCPR
Since a
init code?
- Include
Bios (which now "owns" the Em"ironment),
Z3
Environment is mandatory
in
has
option
this
little effect.
Z3
identification
For assembly
of a Banked version of B/P Bios. the
of
banks
of rríernory must be made so that the var ious syst em component s
where
Refer to Sect ion 3. 1 above for a descript
things are located.
bank
The B\IK0 value should be the
of RAM in the
these areas.
The following
equates
must be set:
unless other decoding is done.
first
BNKO
BNK1
BNK2
BNKU
BNK3
BNKM
3.4
- First 32k TPA Bank lswitched in/outl
Bank)
- Second 32k TPA Bank (Conímon
Bank (BIOS.
DOS. CPR) area
System
of
Beginninµ
Appl icat ions
User
Beginning of Bank sequence
for
- Beginning OÍ" Extra Banks
bank
ii"st
lo use for RAJ'Í Disl:
If
- Maxirüum Bank- ?\"u!ljr)c]" assigned
-
Configuration
a B/P
various
"know"
of'
System
ion
l
Considerations.
fcjí" integration
OÍ B/P I3ios
when assembling a \"eI"sioR
into an IM filc. size
need not WO1"l"\"
about
of the result in£ imasze is not wiuch of a concern. so VOlt
.
.
Fen integration
inío a sy: stení for loading onto diSkéíte
niinor issues of size.
boot tracks. hoi'i'erer.
the lirúitat ion is very real in order to insure that the
Tyj'i cpR/r)os/B]os and Boot Secto: ü :s :' can fit on the reserved S}"Sttl1h tI"ac!g7.
cal !y. a liníit of slight !y under 4.5k exists for the Bios coníponent . When üjí-k1O\"CP,'vl
flag is set to YES for this type of assembly. vcarnin.gs will be issú't: i
when
the iniage exceeds '1352 bytes (the maxiníuiií
for systeíuí with 2 íjocjtl
Ina:
¿ilÍlu[Íí for s\'5telljb
with a single boor rcccrci .
records). and 44$9 bytes (thzi
Achiering these lir!}ith oftc"!l requires disabling many of' the featurem
first thMµ you should do before assembling the BIOS is ro back up the
work disk for any
entire disk, then c'oj'y only the necessary files onto ahardware
edit iñ€. iífter setting the options as desired, edit the
definitions
of your floppy and harci
in ICFG-XX.ZSO
to reflect the physical characteristics
The
Then edit
the logical characitems.
ab well as any other pertinent
DPB: i'!Pam
and
DPBHD-Xx.LIB
Hard
and
any)
in
Drives
ics
for
your
terist
(if
XX.LIB. If you do not desire arre of the standard floppy formats or want tú
change
anci/or DPB2.LIB (if using auto selection) oí"
them edit DPB.LIB
DPBRAY.LIF
floppy formats.
fixed
using
you
are
Finally edit the DPH files
if
to place the loµ'ica1 drives where desired in the range A. .P.
drives.
whether \"ou want to generate a svstein usiniz the Image file construct
of B/l' Filos (BPBUILD/LDSYS).
developed in supj-'ort
or for integrat ion on a
boot
probably
you
's
tracks.
the
disk
will ñcjt be able t'-'
latter,
f loppy
If For eFaIuI)le.
SB-1$(i!.
the'
MicroKfinr
with
the
options
turned
hare all
on.
Decide
14
B/P
TAILORlNG
BIOS
fol lowing opt ions
be
niusí
turned
off
:
BA\'KED.
RAMDSK.
ZSDOS2,
As an
B1OERJ¢.
FLOPYS.
yoR!)?U.
aid to space reduction.
usually either
or
asseníb!y
based
conditional
on the MO\'CPM
f lag autoníat ical iy inhibits
all hut
F !oppy
from
DPB.LIB.
Boot
conf igur inp for
double-sided Floppy forrtiats
If
(MO\."CP)d
flacz
a
TRUE),
be
assembú"
tracks
warning will
printed durins:
set to
if
Us inp
the size exceeds
thar
for a One or Two-sector boot record.
available
method,
the BPBL'ILD/LDSYS
you
may vary nearl y al l system
parameters, even
niakin?
systenis
for later dynaniic
loading.
different
BUFAUX
and
If
are
you
CLOCK
using a version of the B/P Bios already set for your type of computer,
build a system and execute it. 'The on!r
are now ready to assemble,
would
be
ren]ainin3 task
an optional
tailoring of the sign on banner in thu
CBOOT-XX.ZSO
and reassembly to a .REL
file
file.
you
For
thttse convertinµ
system.
we reccmímend
mode then e.ípanci
from
use the System
lniagí
if'
that i: -:
\"él"S ions nia;c
standard version of the B/P Bios to a new hardware
that you begin with a Floppy-only systeni
in \"on-8anl í'tl
The
there.
easiest way to test out new versions is rc'
(T3Klí
iaüons
file) tííocíe. then adrance to boot ri"ack instai
Enhanc'erüents
desired.
that can be added after test 177§' pre\_i¿)ug.
M 1l) add Harci Dr ires . KAY Dr ive , and f inai ly BanÉ: ng.
a
i
IS
INSTALLATION
4
B/P
a B/P
installing
BIOS
Bios.
Distribution diskette(s) on which B/F' Ellos is furnished are configured for
A 9600 bps serial
booting froín the vanilla hardware
for the version ordered.
terminal is standard, and will al low you to iníníediately bring up a níinimai
non-banked
Due to the variety
of different system configf loppy disk system.
only the Floppy Disk Mass
urat ions and size restrict ions in some versions,
Where
space
Storage capability can be assured on the initial boot disk.
The
remained
in
some
After
the boot tracks, limited Hard Drive support
RAM
configurations,
Drive support exists.
eren
on
is also provided.
and
booting
system,
from either an established
or the boot tracks of the
distribution disk, format one or more fresh diskettes and copy the distribuCopy
tion diskette(s)
the boot tracÉ>
contents iq the backup diskette(s).
Remove
frorri the master to the copies usim— BPSYSGEN (see 6. 6) .
the master
for safekeeping and work- only with the copies you just níadc.
diskettels)
Csing the backup diskette with the B/F' utilities on it. execute BPC\TG in thct
Boot
Track conf iguration mode {see tn2) . adjustinszm all the options to \"í)ü7"
specific operatinp em"irontüent. When you have completed tailoring the sy: 'tem
it is ready í'cr }.)oQtin£! by p]ctcin? the diskette in drive A: and resettin' tht
system
íilc' on the distribution dis!: v\"iii autoniatically éjjiAof in>LructiQr]: > when the system is bocned.
It contains \"áriou.s
pcü"tioñ.'i
toad
i\"l}jc'i]
and
of the oj: 'eratfurther táikzr the .sy'neni
uhicP.
The default
iñf,' systeni
instructracks.
are LOCi bi,tz to fit on the boot
tion >equence" is:
Thí'
saniplc'
STARTU"'.CO31
sequence
ute
instructions
a
LDDS
<--
LDR SYS. RCP, SYS.
FCP
IOPINIT
TD S
IF
"EX
,SYS.
NOR
<-<-<--
MYTERM. Z3T
Load the DateStainpe·r
style !"ik:
and clock
Stamp routine
3 Er}\'iI"c)n])}ent
Lo: ic1 ZCPH
seµmíernu
for Resident Command Processor.
Flow (.ontrQl Pkg and Named birs
I'km
the ID Processm'
(
and
Tiníe.
Promj'z
for Date
Initialize
Alternatives
(6.2i) or
<-- If the file
ex i .st
TCSELECT
MYTERM
FI
LDR
MYTERM
.
Z3T
.Z3T
are to
use
m
TDL'
SETCLOK (Ó.!8)
MYTEN¢.Z3Í
does
l!
!íO't
. . .
<-- ..select which terminal vou
creatinp a m"TLR'\}.z3'I" file
<-- . . .end of the IF
<-- Load the Terminal Ik: finition
hcü"t,·
data
wish to aiteí" any Qt" theqe inicial instructions
to, for example,
iniRAJ!
Time
add
Stamp
IX1KAM!L
File
usinµ
the
iq
capabilities
it
drirc
tialize
with JXITDJK or PUTIJS aricl copr soriíe files there with COPY. these rriay be added
with ALIAS. \.'AL1AS. SALIAS or other compatible files available froríi the ZS\"STIN or ZCPR33 are-aq orí Z-Nodes.
If'
16
you
B/P
lNSL'iLLATlCN
BIOS
is up and runnirí;z
from the Default hoot Track syntc'ni.
in
purpQs\L's
you ñiaj"
the opc'rat ion bv penerat in? system for dif'it"rent
Qí"
1ci!2
from
the'
Many typcs
most ad\"a]ita?t"
orcier to µain
your system
instajiat
of" which is a Non-hanked
systení
are pQÑsit)le. the sinipicst
using only 64k uf
Such a system
the systems
nieinory,
ai i of' which is: in prirnarí" memory.
uses
a
ianii ly, and a Non-Banked
normal
Cornniaríd Processc)T
such as the ZcPk3.x
OperatNon-Banked
systems
in£ Systerü such as our ZSIX)S \'ersion i.
may be instai led
a
dynaníic
Disk's boot Tracks. or created as an Ima?e File for
on
ioadinµ usinµ
the !-RS\"S L"tility (see tn!5).
After
initial
the
systeui
expand
Banked
MUST hc created with the I3PBLJLI)
(see
systems
6.1) and }oaá-·g
LI)SYS
(see
The
banks
(). ISl.
with
techniques to rnanape
níemory
to
f"orm a cornMete
()pti'rat ing Lm"ironment are
and
rather
best .5tinare
Huy
dice!
\Íarn" linage
les may be created and loaded a: -: needíñ
our
optimum
The fol]owin?
dc'.sect ioñ>i
performance.
to raí lor 'rour syueni for
scribe t!icSc' \"ar!c)Usz typ€'g. of' instal lations in deiai l.
utilities.
4-.1
Boot
tu;"
1
jí"
fi
lnstallatior: .
rae: k
:
Utility
different
intricate
tí"".'
ible co[!ipU': erH to beszin c-';c"c'-i1 trú- a 1'!",¿,
placed on a specii led' arí'a oí ¿: l" i'."?l)I"'\ ¿"'i"
1)1" i\"'.Ycí TLká l : "\".
f' i r S [ t\\'O CjÍ' t ñree
t ht
t !","tCÉ9'.
cIt :':t ¿z :"ú
on t li'-'
.
fci7"
: C:a:i
"t$Ocj1
'í
L(ü
>iri.: :'í' t!"'li"acÉ_:
as tlic'
art' rt'ft'rred
.
ilr> r?: '!)[:?',íj
£'¿';l..-í",'¡:
Si;'áCt' :P("? cit {":!iz.·¿!
l:
li" r(¿"'F: 7" ictüd. nei tht": r a cc)n¿r)lt'zc }"s,./j-' PÚo" ño!" ¿.
l)aT'i¿: i ii"
j,,'7/i ' gt..' ',i i) ' ¿' . }ñ"tC'cz'i. a üCd jrrj C1Q\\'í sYsten t()ü>á y '\ l'4'j '\
tí:
ÜMr-:
al'-'nt u:
í'urí"-mr
;;j í.'í U: 'ni' !> li '·n tú starr tht" cQRj;jL!T¿'r arií 9'.Úí"í'í- :- · í7it
t.'i')L-: ":jZ
t
t:
",L'
;
j¿jj ;jt'!" s\"sLei7i", loach-'c! late: " au, r'.üeciec!.
'
c!' >\"-' t lC.
!¿'|(_):'",t
in;"
li: ird In: "!
ie>}Ej"\"[c:
C)pL"]"nT
I!
\": _'1-;
il"ú: \"
!'y
(.t {i
.
ñtLí: -
'u:
S) in
eu
riZú1i.
t'".;j,
i! t!n3 (}'
'"-!
ccviinar
;'{C": ',ZI¿t':l
ñíilS,E
a !'It.'-C¿)!!í
tc uin'
iµ"(-?['[:
a
DC"
¢.}
tú: ' \"oü: hidr.l"\i¿íT' . \" '.:
("ij'sT]"ihUt
1O!"l
rorn tíit'
tji "-,;;' :: !
tA fscjot
4
Sec:
;.>\">,tt.'t.;
{Ée>,c!"ii)A
:-'>
abm_t- using bi'b\S'.;!': \ i; " '..
in
tzon
u.')
:
i-: [jé;-';
cl1f!€'r"ñ'is€!
o!"
c1jsloRítz€
the Boot Traci: sysíeri. }"{")".:
í-ct
iu,; ii,./;
A:- mjúi"cu se'u 1í19 certain u!" í!ít' eqLmtt'>.F i lZ t hi- li: .I -"!"1ácÉ
¿'
]"q as2ti'l]ibi£inst:rc
coí"rect t ;jpc of s;µ't) tem.
a Fmcn
'
rk" corn
¿'-jl"Í,\";f)!'
the'
"
lt"
yuz".
c
.
i:
a"·: 4c'!}:í"F :c i
f'j it: t.
t tin,. t Él'. m'- I '""·t
j.;:'
Sr\"9
aI"t¿'
Sy
ltÍ}l3L"}rt¿:
:}I
if-Yi
\"tñ"Sj
'l'rac'l:
: nat--
L'L!u;¿TL":
:F a
MOVCPM
bt.'?
BANKED
ZSIX)S2
Sct
Set
to
to
Lg)
rú
OÍ
ES,/P
s: ¥"µFtel$í
'_SlO:
t
:
YES
NO
NO
e lenient
of l3anÉeci Sy: -:téñ> is available
in a Boot Track installation ii
rríenl()!"í"
i> a\"ailah!c',
and your B/P
addjti("naj
Bios rout ines support sucn ,t
feature.
jsí teature
re' loads the Command Processor froto
hanked
memory
inn
stead of b"cmi the Hoot I'rackx of a disk, and 3.enera¡ Iy produces
less ccr!í
(takirí>' je,ss space on the boot Tracks) and executes faster.
It is set with:
one
FASTWB
Set
to
YES
if
desired.
NO
if
Karin
hoot
from
¿jj-.µ
1 :'"
E/P
!NSTALLAT!OR
oÍ'
Sorne
system
the ieatui"t"s
are set as:
Th(1[
7t'n¿1'a
! 1\"
MCRDPB
Set
DPB8
S.t-'t
MCRDEV
Set
to
tu
to
When at least these
41 hare bcen made to
need
u)
be
tlisab
j c-u
SÁXíi'.:
to
?1
!3l(j9
s'.:íi:a )
luí"
NO
NO
NO
others you desire to chan?e (sec· sect icm
Jes of the system a.ssenible
your lgpEj!o-x±:
fi
be
used
to a MicroSoft
to O\"tjl"file. This output fije may
file
lay the Ellos portion O! the NO\"XS}'S.(: O:b'l system generation uti!ity (see 6. itf)
pro\'iáe("í
furnished u: ith your distribution disk. or an equivalent pro#rani
\\'it!!
MO'v'ZSYS.
(MO\'CPM,
MO\'xSYS
etc) i>7 a special
your computer.
or its equ iralent
proprani
custonii zed for your parr icuiar hardware
containing a) I the Operat im"'
"n'hich wi i i be placed on the Boot
System
components
Tracks, along wi th a rouacicñ"esst:
tO
aítt-'r thi: interníii
s to correspond to a sPeCifitú menio: ru" g iu: .
t Ml'
equates and
the component
standard KLL.
any
Tlj : \cl'j the nú". !\iút: - you jUst assembl eí"i.
tf. I
"pee ifvin"" \'Qtif" cor'ípaít r "< }¢o'\""qH\"b
P¡"C)lli!"[Stin-" ñé\f !$ics.
Once
U) (7\"e7"!("Ly
j:
filc.
absolute
sy>t
if
élh
\"(_jj-l
rcíi&
¿2i"t?
to create'
iXSI'Ai.i 2 ( see pr(jcL'duIc: >
or equiva lc'nt prc'm"ai'i: anc! Icu io',',
has saved
i!CSTM-!±
¿;
rekjcata!)}c'
ciiú:
boot
a
k containing the nioa:
exec'uít'
!ri
tÍf
or
!'ic':
.
Aj' j'\'"\" 'i} 'Y
i '"'
INSTAL12
l" '
t '")f· cc)Hj¶i._íntj
sv",teni
".e"nic'í: S) [v")
:
n'íu
$yf>[eÍ!i
.\!{)(iL)
pí"'-)?j"aaj.
\"úu
'jt
create an \b-solüté
i: : ¡t¡€"jlt l CÁ , [Cl rM' o: "i;-'::í.Á
Sinct' the fu.nc 'i ion: í i ptK! .ion cl' you r ñt",\" prc)f'ra[íi
1',"¿1 ! Ú'J'l
i¿"i : '1- ci
)!Ü'\".\"S\"S
:
hcÁ
!6
c)i"
Lt:
-.t'
éc:
e:':p
\"cjü: qi" j ? iÉái (jL)cunl€'nt at i c!"
tñt' nít'l
.
\:("\'"::-·.'}'!1.
Ü"1(.
-·.[el?l.
l2ü'",'
'Y'iif;
¿j
corl!líí(il'?:
i>:
!'\":
tü g('n'3r¿"i?L'
ecl'-!
irísíaii
used
\,"cm
1\"¿". A-:
first
rc
MOVXSYS
*
nn
]"c'l"/l¿·icÚ
<---
oí'
íílc.
}t\}'i'{Sb>
mu
\'ot:
r
U.·l"'.:
j;i
{t\";jic¿i} íy 51 iu: a modc'raui· hcml s\-: ',z¿'1!í' .
¿'QYj
not \\'1" itú iz
t
tt\·f prc'zran.. {(i í"ti: a )lí t lit-' iííiagc in r}}errjo¡"\"
A€'f}
iíH¿""i?c'
!ji"$5\'"}·í-:
ñC'\'\'
the
üi,.ij\"
rm".
a
l::\"
\"ql!
u: 'to write
to the systt.": ;
tú
diij:
t: n--.
1)\"
C¢
v\"itij
cji.5Éc't;¿.
ej:
í.tj_)
this-.
iiF'SYb,c!Á
\"t)¿-;'
;_>1.._:
no ar2u{Iíer!t: 7
cc'jtir7?
'.
íraü.-t',bun
askc-á
:
jtj
!ni¿i,'{ .
"1suc
¿j
:
tñ€'
:·
!'/i17" aµ'- ktú'-irn
for tne routcc' c'i
áfW !:
m,:
í'|\t-
nn
!"t-
"!!1: -.
It
i:-,
4.-
¿¿
íhe
S>l?t
SYµ
rM
ii Hard
a
tectc'r
utilityTilewhich
\
wrote the
to the s\"sté¶:
system
seµient: _
irrtagc'
new
tú a
tracks of yout-
f i lename
filename is the
qj" equivalent
existin? ln1a§!e Í: tlc'.
u'hti're
19
:"iúíü
install replacement
li
file.
BPSYSGEN
Kí')\Y'j:
y'}
INSTAL12
the
conmiand
/A io
usc'.lrlia,'?c'
Sys.tcni
it', or used a
use hi'S\"SGí:
to \\'Í"i te the iniatze
command
is
The
disk.
proper
yuu
o\"éj" a
di.U:
booi
tht'
t,' i. ! ·-.
naníe
uith
the disk: íiK
outpu: to a disk-
of'
in;-'
á!_,
supportz bootin;z frcvi,
cict'aui t Foci
altc'r the
in !¿í{)',".xb}"yµ o!" eq'_: i',--
is',
1j-7 a
and vour .¶y.~[eL|l
l-farti bis.!:
systéá":
?.'.i"1 -L'cf"t ¿"t'- the' \,·!Ahix
\"Cfj nL)rn"¡nj iy íríust
.
'.;¿
í$oí\í Sector cc'nza int-d
i rcúí: t)ít' ci.: 'f á21) l' F U'jY'"
j'j
rrrinen
.
.just ci"eated br e.xecur
file. or mth INSTAL!2 on
you
B/P
lNSTP'.LLATIOH
mos
alent
.
custoniizecí
Thi s al terat ion is accompi
to the specific Hardware
ished
System
by HDBOOT
used.
(
\\'ñj ch
h.Cj)
see
be
must
t'.ftér the ahcn"e act ions have been completed as appropriate,
tal lor the boot
(.sec
with Bj'C1\'FG
Track f\"Stéñí tO refjecr the desired staTtin? configurations
Such items as the desired Startup
6. 2 j .
Bank Numbers
name.
(critical if
file
FASTWH
is used) . and drive types and assipmments
are rout inely tal lored at
When the you have
finished this step. test your new systení by
this point.
resettiruz - the s\"stétÍi.
cvcüinp
the power and .vou should be up and runninrr:
or .
.
..
Non-Banked
4.2
Non-banked
Boot
Track
must
hart'
A
image
lnstallation.
may be installed
covered
in
as an Ima?e File as opposc'íi
to the basic
4.1
To create an lmatze Fi le. \"u'.:
abore.
4
·
M! or ZP: J- vers ions of a Command Processor (ZCPR3 .x or equi va }Cu": Z
rec'QRlníen("!€-t.!
(
l .
an Operat
zsms. z-m-. reconmended j , and a RLL vers i cn cR" ! ./'i '
ijio.s Io? \'üu1" s\"StéEj assembled
in l)!íi--x.r.l-.!b set to NO.
\\"itii the MOVCPM equate
()[hc'r
equare: ': in thi :_> t' i le imy be set as descri bed above" for the" !sócít 'l raci
sysíerú.
Sincc ]¡!laµc' f lies are riot a3 constrained in si7e as is instai iaticm
szenerai 1\" be' act irateci such
for HOCit '! rac! -3 . riíort- i e'aturc's
mav
as F.rror Me j;-·
.
.
ac!S
ra'g jgl\"é.
sa,2ep.
iona! Fiará ijí"i\'é partí t ions, and complete i loppr Formt
sÜitéÁ.
ih': ' !Ihzjñ yrecat't ion here F3 that larpe Hard Drires \'\'1
raj"id iy cau: u-·
sipr: !icant iQS'úr cl" ;J"a.n"',ient í"rQ?}"anl Area s ince al i Drivü parameters níuút ijt'
ki;i"ñ ll"tt: [íl:."'i:"L" átxj\"t'
the' Fsio>.
in !)t"()tUc[[-:
systan
installation
in;
ft
i
Aít
li
i
U)Ú iíicri,
[!c(:
íSh·-'u
u) rt-'i j¿·c t o:
YES: . iind
it-t
C'i
L_)IÍil'i
tía". l'écR a"st'n)!'!ec!,
': !', I!)t' Fí'pg,_!i,',:
lnia2e
m
(sec
mimníal
s inc'c'
an
t'i
le
be
niust
Sct the
baní: ed bicis
producc: í
.
".
TÍi!
:"-.
' :',.
in yt'nl: i
t".l).
'j'íi!iu'
\'L7[?-tÍ?,rLÉ:
€'¿i
1\"
Icu!"
ies
l'As'r\ilí is set ¿("7
íly
fithe work.
ifKon-hani:
Clf_)
FiPiú
rhe
standard
t·'i y\"·>tt·T,.
Ill'f'.t-'t jy"2 tnc- ' standard" CF',/)i 2.2 sizes. ycrií
ñQ!"ñ"i.":
iµ
'" U!'Aé,2jhCñ{"
níar
arixwc:
are
,.
t("1"?
cjt fjú";."
\4"!
,"í
.'\;"¿-¿7
Y
autír-, lZé?
P]"F)?r[¡[?i
í
Of'Tá1!i
mamnium
the
I'ranment
íh:t:
Ej!?fy
j
'iben
s u'or!:
li.!-' coníp!ett'.s
re"ultin" sysncíi,.
. a f'i le. norn"ta ly 'i: iti\ the'
ciefanl t íí'pc CÉ" . j)f: :. \Á"j i ! Püí\ c' been placed li in the current ly io??e(j br i\'e/'i"-·': :!"
'yuí:
ái"t',: ¿ ant
art' l"¿'af'.'L" tCj l'¿"rf'ocij? the.' ríe: et step in preparation oÍ' tht-' .\cu:-F
i it"
n: íniz'
i
han
$1t'- i
:\s
be
\r\ i
t
j íva c:
j,
A
t !: t'
!o!"ú'cj
,
i ns t a
raí
cal ! iríj'
j"racÉ:
i I
itenís'
ni: .i>u
aborc . severa! system
at ion covered
loaded
and executed.
bef'ürc the
may De safely
This is done
L)\"
FÚ?( NFG
with the lniape Í lle name as an arg.ument,
or speciÍí" In]¿¡: ?[-'
confi?uration f'rox! the interactive menu (see 6.2). Set ali iténjs as yo",'
desire them in the operatin7 svstem,
particularly the Bank Numbers (i!" FAST'uis active) , anc! tht' Disk Lfrive characterist ics and assignments. When this Mig
been
sar isfactori lv compieteci.
and execute the new i\"\"ou are readv to load
created systeni.
t5oQt
jnía,sze
lnstal ling an 1wr!zc- Fi It' (default fi le type of .j)vfg) is extreníelv easiy.
(-)ñ ! \"
(see
the uti !ity Íj)S\"S.CO)\i
b. IS)
is needed.
If' the file type has not becn
from
chanpeci
the defaul t . USG, only the basic name of' the [rr!a/ze Pi le neecj IjÉ
passed
i.2F.\"S
\'\tt'ñ
e\"ecu[E: ("! as:
to
LDSYS
IMGFILE
<--
Where
TMG1·IL,L'.
is your
Image
file
ñ-": ñi:-
19
B/P
INS1ALLAT!9N
The
EllOS
operatin7
examineú
system
an-- first
parameters oí" the currently-executinµ,
oF'
Iniape
for suitability
loading the
File. It' it is possible to proceed. the
lrriaµ,e Fi le is loaded, placed in the proper memory
locat ions. and conmancied tíj
'
I 1!12
the:
f3/P
Cold
The Cold
by
Boot
Boot
begin execut ion
bios
caí
Vector.
red
O)
(Bios Function
performs final instal lation, displays any desi:
openinµ
to the Command Processor with any specified
pronipí and transfers control
Command Processor F'epiaceriíerit
Startup file for use bv a ZCPF'."$.X
.
Since a
the Boot
non-banked
Tracks.
Pi
Image
the
initial tailoring
niay be altered
sanie
sequence.
to specify
4.3
Ban ked
Bios,
le
a
v\'i
I! probably closely
resemble
generally De used
that contained on
to complete the
is desired, the Image File
file
different file
different file using BPCNFG.
STAF:
TL/7'
If
Non-banked
may
a
lnstallation.
System
and
system
ioaíiU v\'ñi C I_l
an linage
may be creattN
'jvith the Fil!" Rios s:ystc'm,
Qt'
bank,
the'
LAos
Systeni
retaining
a non-bankeci
places port ions
only in the
níaximum
app} lCáand
System
Operating'
therefore
corrípatibi lity with existing
f
thousand
be
é\'\'
norniai
A
reclaimed for Transient
ly
tions software.
bytes can
Pro?raní$
inc'reasin;z numberx of ¡Qgic¿"l}
in this níanner,
althouµh iarze ancí/or
drives will st t! i rt'dti': TPA space becaütte of' the need to .StQ1"€' AI Jocatic"u',
Vectür iniorníat ion in (_'ohírlíorí tkuíim'y.
t
Ib prepare
particu!ar
set am
mmj"'ly
súc:h i: >'.y."ñcm
eIÍ"lphag>i: 7- on üíú bí'."-µj:
MOVCPM
BANKED
ZSDOS2
Ser
set
>oCt
edit the
.1.1ií fije
tc
Zd
tO
r!t'E'{je(i
wherú
bios ii le:' iÍ
tlít: ÍQj io'n'íng
neces",st: ";. íi'it!"
tXjLi,7Z£'j, !íiií: ." Ikj
NO
YES
NO
sjiñc€
Mznkeel r!¡t?nÍcl: -\" ,\.f¿ '>"' 1)€ a', ¿'i! iÁ/í¢-· jg: j" this, tvpc O! insrai lat unn.
ai"ai iabie to rua>: in::Úe systení
pí"óbabíy
mint tiie i-,i'-,í \irirjt !$;:m? ÍE?&'U.lTé
sc:
O!:
";.It-'
10 ac'i l\":
this
thc t"oiío\\"inp equau: ' am
nianc'c' .
'{]O"l.
you \\"t
pc'rlt"'
j '
"-
t
FASTWB
Sf-"t
to
YES
the Bios to a Microsoft .RLL file \'\ÁÍ!
the editing is conípiete. assemble
ZFLJC
anci
such
bui id an !nía?e system wiüí HPb't-"ÍL!-}
as
assetnbít'r
an appropriate
bicc-.
nanie
in trten'u l to the narííe of the newly
(set' Ú.l) cnanpirw the
file
cont
izure the default condir ions i f necessarr v\"it íj
creared Bios file. Next ,
2
j
BPC'NFG
and
(see
in the sam'
the new system
(i.
you are ready to act ivate"
LbSj'S
by
with the Image Í"iie ar7urrlent
manner
as ail Imac'e fileu
a'n
calling
When
LDSYS BBSYS
<--
where
BBSYS
is your
Image
Pi
le
Name
systerrí
described above in Secr ion 4 .2. no
with the completely Hon-hanked
establ ished tor a Startup file over that used for íhtare
ne"i' requirements
Píwcessor and Disk Opei"at !út'
imt ial lÉtzoí Sy>íem since bcith the coníniand
needed
by app) i caí ion progrz},;':
>
ciat
}]c\
:±
unba!"!; eci.
an'.i
Systeni
are
arc
area:
As
2C)
B/P
!NSTALLAT!O'I
BIOS
As with all Image Files.
additional
Íeatures' such
placed in t he System bank.
an.ci
KÁ'\Í
Mei':
i-risk
drivtmore
extensive
as tul l fsios
Floppy
formats
Lrroír
sages.
assenibly
he included in the System
sincú
may generally
tht'
definition prior ío
size const raints of" Fsoqt Track systenis do not apply.
4.4
F
ully
Ban ked
Installation.
Image
takiñfz,
To create a systeni
rnaxirnum advantape
of banked memory, a special banked
and Coinmand Processor are needed.
These
have been furnished
Operar ing System
and Z40.ZRL
packa?e
in iríi t iaí form with
as ZSLXJS20.ZI'L
respect ive ¡y.
They use the Banking features
of B/P Bios and locate the niaximurú practicahlt'
Of signif'icar,t
iriipor-aníount
of executable code and data in the System Bank.
1()!?
Program
Ai
Locat
Area
níaxilÍíizin3
Transient
the
the
Drive
tance to
is that
niaps are placw7
in the Systeni Bank meaniñfz that adding lar;ze hard Ciñ\'€·"i.
Cij"
mujz iple cií"i\_és
produce
only minimal expansion to the resident pQrtion c:
tht' F'io;>.
this
kit
j
i'uily
t\.
bar'h-cd
cuÁtQ!!]!7c'
equa«>
fíiüj,
s\": itéñí
tiíi'
sire
SiC""
iu
1\)
creatuci hr ec',it im tht: L¢,/i'
Insure that
your (!esireg.
Set
Sui
>,et
BANKED
ZSljOS2
\',
(.)
li}
rj
.
\"¿-üt
í
.
tl"ít'
!,qF·n"lr";ie
FriOí-.
<--
whtu"t·
ix vour
F6A\'F±S\"S
{iij'i'c'í"€'!"!c€'$
Íl!:&2s
;¡j:
¿'
i-
ñÁ!i: ·-
a
used
Í'q!'
ban6c': "i
my exvO irí the Martup
1j12
l i le
tht-' t ñanµü-s anjc)lln[
iterrci
such
de
¿i
Stan,;"
let
au
to
I'c.'i"
v.'i t i"í th-t tui ly-ijaI1!.: L'(:
i he ?[\")r!-bani¿: (| LSi: '7'sj i','i,i ch is not neces,saiu"
7.s!K}y.
2
On i\"
ian'.l 7dü.
Éij'"' t cpe Cit c lock neeti
he speci Í"ic·ti tor :(µy!-.l{)g.p£.
u! p.3!
h'-'
?Á\.)
ÜlC'.'í:
u
l. oni: áanci
1> incí-'
t
contains llicjSt COElfMjñ !\".
Processor Replacement
ü",€u.i
2athtg1"ccl
tj"QIli a nuníher
ot
c'onímantA
1RC!V
Resicient (jorriniand PrQc'e'sy.oT
pacÉ: aµ"€:!. . there' i :- rioriíía l ¡y no need
tc\ load an E'CP.
A siµ.1p}e
Startup t"i!t'
found
acjec{uar€'
o!' rhe
durim {jeí"clop!r¡ent
ly-banked lS/P sysneiü is:
$í"síen,.
llÍ()(lu!t
(.í¢jnt"r¿1
file
l 1\"
Ul!r
fui
ZSCFG2 CB
LDR SYS. FCP ,SYS.
NOR
IOPINIT
TD S
IF
"EX
<-<-<-<--
MYTERM. Z3T
TCSELECT
MYTERM. Z3T
<-<--
clock to iiios+4í'.li
Environment sépmént>.
for Flow Conrroi and Naíneci biu
Jnitiaíize the tO l'roces',sor ['k:?
Prorrtpí
for bate and 1iríie. Sél ( Ik
Alternatives
are to use Ti)l..'
Sí'"l'CLOK
(6.lX)
(6.2lj or
the f'iie M\'TU\'$.
1}'it.í
isi
your
iñií: sx-
jí.;
ii
cl ted abm_e' \\'qu id 1')c
In this case'. no: "ic' oí the norm i ini'tia! izat ion sequences
f¿"."
ano onl v [hos3e contained in tnt- bb[arEu}'
executed by thú Mc'n '}"r,"ick sysreúi.
:
HÉ\">S\'S.
opt ions áhourN and are felt [(") tm-' conir¡,uT"i it\"
m woulci u·jczl!".ions other
tQ irírenc ñt""A' cL\tíl}-"\Lrj¿í',
a'iü ,>equc·ncL': ·i.
4.5
\Á'jj
in
:C'
Case
\1': ·
Protjierrls!...
oí
¿i[tf"'!i!""(""¿
LO
t"éÁc'í'jiíu
c'3: ]s!'j-'re{.i
y(.3I_}rg>¢~:
!í ir'
syvúem u;" t!K'
¿i
t:
> i t .t
lurjilij"!-.'.
\\l"í.: ;í
PROBLEM:
r)AnnL'l".
systt'n".
f'C:
cn'tl jr"j l"}!"(."Isc("l'L¡r{."q
tu" T pj,t: zi;"ijíj1
rnt: ú li,,-.'" i>; L)(-L.¿1: i:¶z)rLs íi"¡])c'
i
;"1
i(-}¿1¢"]jt).L'
"-": "t'!"s'
an
,"l(l(.: l"Z"7S..¢-'"·-,,
..
.
.I"j¿!
íWíC!
ioatiríg
;: Cñj
f
.5€"t-"hi
i
ic-
u,
[O
1Ú!
ñalís: \i'ittí
iIÍ1","t: -
L1)S\"b.
the' iasí
bank: c'ci sy,steni
i OS,
i
iíy
yc'u
Ü"lc
c': 1ñ"j;,j Úíí jt)'l>
1
1\"
1!ía(1\"ei"(cíir
ahN: 'rí" to
t!ic screc·n cijs't)layµ.
screen c}ispjaylr)f:
µ¿'z
·',
.\"ql!
tí"\t'
1!':
l
j.m..:
i"
.,>
:
.
SOLUTION
ñCjt sc't correct 1\," in the Fío:-., >,iñc€: Fil j : : j"r·:
Sonicthirw
()ñc"
f'roni tije newly-loaded Hick',.
JdSi
oí
one Jispim"ed are printcci
i :-: incorrecr
bank
probiéru
nuníl'er
colnríj(")n
the" most
seí E }ñZ'"j.
toi7 rhis
causes.
PSPC!GFG
(see
ím2)
Use the hidden select ion
íhat the
to
in Menu i OÍ
banks.
and
her
Sj'Ste!Ít
bank
hare
been
TF'A
Anot
numbers
set
col|Í!í:c}n
for
cot"rect
a
ig
Console
itmi
se[ting,¶
for
the
incorrect
of
cause
port.
prob
sett ing
or
data to a device other than the one- inin the I()BYTF which directs Console
tended. Lse Menu ' hPC.\"FG
to properly set the IOBYTE and the console param-
i"
-after the
verily
this
ters.
hoot Í1"o!ñ or load a Fi/P Bios sysreni t"rom a Hard bri'."ú.
the systern attempts to 102 onto Floppy brive
imÜ}ediately after starting.
PROBLEM:
--
Harci
íh"irt'
22
áñ/ú
You
SOLUTION:
ijí".i\"¿
and
'i TJon
i'art
E
The' most
ia¡"py
i'r
¿"j;j
t ñc"
A:
cause
common
clef
i\_c-
Cil'
]\"t'
lñí t
.
1Qñ$-
t.'St-"
Í"or
tb.
were'
íil-"C'j"í.r
is syrnprcmi is that the
not swappea to ciei'intiS
{Síttte
(: '. J!)
Mem
,
u)
(j.
des.i rcci
a
Í!á7"g
e3:
chí'in;
-'
B/P
INSTALLATICN
BIOS
lo the desired cont iguration.
Hard
brirc' is activated ininiediately
desired as the .4: bí'ive'.
PROBLEM:
A
satisfactori ly,
boot
or any program which executes a Warríí Boot
goes
into "Never-never Land" and must be
and
B/E'
The
computer
to
seems
but
after
Íé\\"
a
Control-C),
(or entering
reset .
where
a
is
drive
prograníg,
system
the
often caused by an inability to access
This is most probably caused by assernbi inµ
in DEF'-XX.LIB
set to YES when the systeni
To
incorrect
of the bank Numbers.
ings
sett
or
use
the hidden function in BPCNFG, Menu l { sé':
SOLUTION :
This symptom is
Command Processor.
bios with the FA5T\\F, equate
--load the
contains
no extended memory,
bank
Number
sett inµsm
check
rriay exist
a Floppy
similar situation
atter booting when
drives
most
6.2).
PROBLEM
when
:
the
systéwi
and
sages:
doinpt
to
remains
goes
.
a cold Boot
a !'ioppy
logged- on tho r
brire
from
a Hard Drive
he/"ort"
dispiayinp
loppy.
(from Power
the initial
up or Reset ),
si>: n on mes-
SOLUTION:
ii'!"ii> jy most cUren
due to your t'orgening
to r'-íri the' r!!)!I{K}:
Hard
Koj"on the
i't"i\'é bont systerti atter appiyinµ
with 131"SYSCd'.Á.
l1!AÍ
1\". systetrs c'rti' ttt-: d \\'.iti"i !\t()'\'?: b}"S comain
a
i'íopyi" l.'isk HOuí secínr v: hic!.
i,_:
HL)L\l)(y]'
')!'¿'}"t'¿r¡1íc' System
z'.ill load ti"iú
Iron' a i'íoppy.
lsét: ó.9l n"¡[}\"¿}U7Í>,
Cjf"i
rc·c(")!"[}
a
Arl!-'c.!:
"l€":l
fí:-ird
fies'
tñ"i\'ú Linit sq that the Operating !?\": q[t-'}!i
íc)¿¿("jc'zl
U"Oñt
"C
H!)Éq'.)OT
a
i.ü"i\"ú.
iia:
kun
L)1"Í\"c.
tht't"'i u'--ú
iu
on t!_: e besirúd Hard
F).|'(-'xr(".
l
thz-'
pos.ir iQ7H't1
Ic) iñÑwc that
s.eí' (}.
l(jµic¿il drives
a: ck': - irccl
uti
--
lity
it
init
art
5 ,'
(1Yc-nu
.
PROBLEM:
Ig"
ml
'smen
ut
'".
!
ijic"Oí
.in.-
raní"" rhai'act
thti·
.
tjf'"
c(jnsolt-'
m"±terú
SOLUTION:
Thi".. It. nR)j;L
otten CÍU?
:
ñe·
rrQ!ja!")
1)(u a .rat u .
rímst
y i
.
9OCM
gP¿'_":
G}(r
s,\'síe'üi.
tht'n usu
lset· 6.2)
F'íiy p¿Ártic'jiar
sy"> Ct?líi.
to
.b'Qr¿
(IORYTL. and Scrnil
tmra Ratet, j.
--
Ccvixo
i e
attt'ntinn
PROBLEM:
to "hanµ'
'Mwn
runnin;z
or "lock uj"
either
doesn't
dtsptay
arly[tí¡Il,g, or
.
to incorrect scttin?s; f'ctr thú cur: "erít
i" 1"c)l?!
C:
!iocrt
¿i
or Pí Clock Frequency.
aci just
the' sett in?>
cm
tñí' PTOi:'}Úl!}
to
31E:
n:j ! (ci'lj clock katc'l aní \iünu X
ful ly-bankecj system
the systetu on exit.
a
with
ZSIJÜS
2.
some
pro.c-'ra!!"ls,
y.L-t-'!!:
SOLUTION:
One of' the most common sources of
this svrííptom isi with tñf.
-appticat ion pro?rani where the author used code which assumes that the BÍ)X): > and
OÍ"
Conmiancí Processor
a
certain size, or bear a fixed re)at ionshíp to tht'
are
add!"es'i,4es
U.
m page
\ou may experience this most often when usin? an IYC
,svs,tení huí it bu arísweriríg
it-S to the AutQsizin?
query in BPBUILb (see (-i. i ).
To coniperísate
i or such
i
bui td
i l-behaved programs,
you
may use
a two-step
p'rocesg)
i)
Tiíis
-! :'
as
:
Lse BPi3Uij-b
to create
niamrui i'e: m Ti'A piac'in;
F.: íect"me
rrm: -. ii.i'
apíi
:
n
an
the
v:
file
F'e3ident
IM
irh
an
answering YES to Autosizing
Bios as hi,zh as possible in
argument
of the
name
you
sza'."e
exit.
on
meniorv.
to the
i
23
i
jr
!y.sTµ.L.Lp,1"ln!-,'
b,/p
ElC: S
.lust created ahcn"c'.
This loaas the' tiQÍ iriiticm from the lüí ilk'.
t[unitíjl¿ití"!\"
:\"c)
YES
anci
and
a
with
Carriage kc'turn.
answer
emt
to Autosi zing.
to p!cic'Ln2
keeps
thtsvsteni
se,míients
at standard iocat ions.
This procedure
bion acicirc->.ú,
I
BIXJS
F'l"Qc'€'4.5(")j"
of
l
acidí"esse's
and
Co!nllítln(j
ñio\'é tht' start ing
constant . but m
'
down.
Ci-'/\1
usetí
it' poss ibie. to siníulatt'
standard" tizes
in
2..: .
9l
B/P
PROGRAMMING
BIOS
Programming
5.
B/P
for
Bios.
for tS/P Mos is no diftcrent thrm !"(/íj
exi5tinz purposes. ?ro?ramn"tin?
lj"en adapt inµ CP/M 3 progu: ams for a B/P Bioü shou id
standard CP/l! 2.2 BlOSes.
present no preat hurdle due to the close sirr,iíaritc retained with the correhowever,
The power
is
sponding,
of a l:/P Bios interface.
extended Í'unct ions.
wide
produce
conibined
a
usiñ/z
software
portable
features to
the
across
in
variety of hardware piatforrrís by exercising al l of the B/P Bios features in
of
concert . This sect ion describes the interfaces aval Iable to the programmer
and
B/P
floppy
direct
ease
available
functions
to
the
using the
Bios,
a system
and hard drive accesses
in a consistent manner.
for specialized programming
most
For
flaws which we considered in CP/M Plus was the ckÍc!
of the architectural
We
BIOS access
designed B/P Bios to be as-.
was handled.
way in which direct
CP/M
funct ionai ity
corripatible with
2.2 as possible. yet provide the expanded
'Fo
BIUS ca]lr
end,
appl icat ions.
nt'ecíec! in Banked
with
interface
that
direct
much
CP/Id
possible.
as
follows
?.2 convent ions as
One
Thu fol iov: inz
t uncja!llent?¿! 2,,
intent
O!"
prc): 21"arl"tr!¡in:2
pleasf: re-t
Bios
5.1
with the' bnsic C!-',"'
assuníe somt' t'arí¿-L!iarLt\"
pap'es op prc'=ral!1níin?
i t i s beyond
atz:i v\"i th ZM/Z j 8(1 assembly
ince
s
language,
t ht'
\"
l,s. to p:exent an a>-"'t"R]i"}}
níanua! , and cñir
ing
"u
add
Id
Shou
thi
need
in
ioriaí
you
tutÜ]"}ct! .
art'm
assj stance
Ll) the annotr:
bibl iop"aphy ic'r reference' l])¿iEerla.! .
literary writ
this
tct
er
it
skil
Table.
Jump
is) ' k)
íah!t· coasistu oí 4(' .juinj'.s to various function". 'jY'iííiiñ :
(--'F'/': \:
'
I t
t)(lg1jr:
includes'
conípit"tc'
funct ionality.
the
Z.l
t!it'
g7j'
ñu"'".E
Ñ£"c!L!er)'3t'.
the CF"/Y 3 (aka CP/M Pius. j entry points (al thou;"h muy-:
1!)
di!"iú-t"
uqaµe} . arid ñé\\
register
entíu" pointx
paraníeter orciemng anct,/ür
!
in;:
and
ccüj.gi
neecied
hiznci
hank
¿i
hTéñt
nianner.
in
logica
le
tu
'
Tht" FilOS Junj'
xn: l [71"(j\_iLles,.
ñti"y r""'im g'. c"ün": ÍJu Oí a 'i'a!: je of Absolute' í-tj\"té júw: ps: píacect ai. tiit"
t"lj the- executable
!ní,: 7-L' .
bezinniru'
Paraníeters arc" passeti to tht.: p iü;-j L !"
L
Í"\")j"
To avoid future' cL)rhr)atibí!'ty
the specific operation.
TeS']stcrs as ñti±CitA
i en?i?4
j
pj"cÜ_/
ZsioÁ
Üt'
'.
ccmstz"ucíion
inc luge: \?1
sc.me
e:
prounc!
the
,
for
iii
OÍ"
':
e
re>"i
a
a! term 1c)tj cñ" ,\ i t€:j"ñátc'
Éncie:
bios
resul
cal
as
Is. aricÉ ¿"j ! l
stt'rs
or
':
T)''rit >"!
tisreci in tñt cjÜculrlen"[¿2t ion as bein,sz Presc'r\'eü/'t-'ní2!"!ec[ec!
registt"r:
í9io.s entry points á"iúA
retur]1¿-!.!
in their entry stare.
[ci the cííl finj' prc)?raIl]
!iio;">
l
li
,,l
li
L
i)
i
t:
- -——-—
Fur";ctio!"1
C)
(
Xx'jÜ
Cold
)
Boot
li
Enter:
Exit:
Kore'
l
l)
l.
jl
j-\"ec'L'í€
jy·.
l&Ít¿-i"
Uses:
li
'
ül:
i
>[¿1¿]"[
í._"f'._U·s"',í':"11ÍeI7.
inii. ]aii7a[]c)n
and púintx
cm
[c)
the
tñt"
li
i|
None.
Execution
jl
li
All
resumes
íjt"\"icé
at
CPR
Registers
first execut ioÍá.
lOt'
7:
t:
l)
jun"ij'
))
:)
l
lj
The
rabh".
juníp
?'hc'
ar?unjc·rlt
rea'm'm t'Cjt
2E
PFKRRAMMINS
this
is that
L3,'f'
E!!()S
[(7
pert'orrn
thí: jñit ializat ion is often placed in areas cu
used
later
to store systetn intorntat ion a> a memory conservaare
code
ion
measure'.
thc iniriaúzarion
would then
Attempu. to re-execute
t
and
instúad
of
data
bytes
instructions,
executabte
encountc'r
the systení would
niosT assuredl y "crash" .
code'
wPnch
memory
other functions
Establishing
an
are:
performed durinp initial execution of' the cold Boot coúe
initial /.3 Environment if necessary, ini.tiaiizing any Z3
such as an Extended
Harried Ljírecsystem
seµnients
Path. Flow Control Package.
and
such:
such
buffer
system-specific
setting,
of
as the locations
values
tory
Ai locat ion Vecwr buffers
for KAÜÍ and Hard brives: and execut inµ the bevicú
Tnitialization routire (see Function 21). The Cold fíoot íout ine usual iy éxitÁ
hy chajnin? u) the Warní Boot Function (Function i ) to ser vectors c)ñ É'Cíp<é C) of
the TPA memory bank.
Among
li
))
!-unctiot-,
(;·: ::-¿Ó::
"'
:'
,'
)1
Warm Boot
6'
)j
Enter:
li
!
Neme
l:
Exit:
)1
L±=__--
.---
_
ñmct
"!"h ] '"
, t
1)12 :¿':-,s
i t
t
' ;',.
jp1.'":
Ik---
;é""c"i
¿¿f ú¿'."
i'rQcc^7Áo}"
'[:
iñjí
i
'!c;,"¿¿i:jl.-
'"':
1'j()-'
".
Íl"Cí!:
í«>".c'lÍ|f}!¿"": \í
None.
Ai
i
¿'pj-'.
to
))
RecnHers
).
:
——i'—
Ü:
',C::i
t
tlzs.'
iti,
;{"j,j"
>;t'jj [
ác'!auit
t, i:
í r ¿i "",i
tCtí
cm ¿;
d {' : "\"c
\i"¿j l"l1:
rúturns
Á"n) t
i \Ütj\
t. l")
t ::aci."·
oi")í
) o!":
t
jj'j
.
( Oli: tít :
n'l
i'f \l}h.r-·t.:
L"' I'
.
ij\,-^.'¿/
i"?'."
:
!--i}cna'."L'1-! l
n
:4
c)
:
L-"'.
"
!
>
t
Ir
p¡'\)l"
C
ríc)!r|á,
(i t
i {
.
lit i li
L"i¿-."-,tji2¿it
fb
:
i]:
5[e¿Át.!.
the
¿Ñtt:
f"
julí¿:
Ult
\"'tctoF
sñoüi¢í
in the i'i'.jx
üt, ¿u"2uií|¿'f!: \jÍ
"¿,!!-: rL'
in the cam-- íd \/g("U.'4:
2lís
M: ",Cit- r. Ti"l(-'ILi!. ¿, j2: ngíl);"l:' C'\: i-L·!¥í,C7I'. if.' tl_ii>
' Rex!'
¿t": ci
!51 C)',.
'í',,Uhí
.\CA
',C-CU1
K¢'Á t: ' t jr 7!lt-'
!Jl'lÁ
CIé
in >..t: c'í, ¿¿
Ú\íÜjj.
i :>c(-'
í ü: "í'
j\t-!
g¿zMí
j'.1í"> Tl'tLRÁ
th'..: ¿:j'.; á'z: >", tí) t !7·_
?
')e sepI: .!"."¿Lt"l\" cieíe!"n¡;ljec1
.
-3(ii.
tiori
L)PEl"("Á¿
,Átc'i"g,_;
\i'ú
t ;í'j
l T
Uses:
"U'ji
"
Execution rezurrc
I)
V
ii
rjL|lt\.
"
ii
l!','""'
cin,:
lj'
í:s
\
li
I)
)!
Function
2
Console
(>tüj£)
Inguz Status
l)
j:
Enter:
ii
)1
I)
l
None
il
Eíít:
I)
l
:1
Uses:
A
=
a =
AF
CFFH
c'
n
it
Char
No Criar
Ready,
Ready,
NZ
Z
li
I)
):
\'j:
whether or not a charactcr nag tjét-'ñ
Tiús funci ion reíurm a t lag indicaíinz
by tht' 7()EYTF or Paze' () of t2_íu 'ri' '
t"rorü the t.cms: o }e cié\"icé
iectc-ci
su
enttrej
'-.
tsanÉ:
!)\'
Trar}.si€'IjT
uüec!
Fropranis
'i'ijt:
to deterní: n-· j;
rt'tu'"ri sunu" i: üUerí
.
-.
:'}tc"')1'
}cü").
Cíf"
ry:
e.j'ut
fiá:
r'r()?r¿í1íf
1j\€' us'i'r
ai íe}lil"í-c"¿: íü "nm"t
2E
£3,'P
PROSRAMM!!!Ü
mos
Ir-———l
FuncOon
i
)
Enter:
(
3
vx'j9
Console
)
l
None
I
:
(i
:
Exit:
A = Masked
Uses:
AF
'i
!
Input
ii
ji
Input Character
l
lj
This function waits for a character to be erúered from the console dtn"ic't'
selected by the j(j'jYT'L on Page (j of the 1'PA bank. and returns it to the calling routine.
Accordinp to stricu C'P/3l 2.2 standards. the Most Sipnit"icaní hi í
of the input byte must be sui to Zero, but this rrtay be altered by 'ÜlfÍ irymt
mask for the ccjñsoié
Oeric€'.
l
)
"'"_"-_
Function
"Enteí": C
;
(xxOC)
4
COñScí1
Cnarac-ter
Ccnscj
=
))
send
to
j"Exit:
to
e
ii
Ttii: -,
f
u:
!C'!i"'"7':
r t: CtCi 'E
t-.pt"cN
f"""=' _
i)
l:
ii
jl
"""
None.
)1
Usee,:
At
li
"i:
li
__-
|i,
H
li
I)
li
1(
i:
---__"_íl
C'ütijút
e
""
s,t'rids.
icí on
!'aµc
(' oí
:
.
t
!
1t."c;
rlic
"" " "
"Funct'o'"',
"
2:
"
"""""
",tet"":
'"
"
"
"
C.
I"'):
zr'".
lei
c'
--
c'hm"acít: í" to tne Con"m It" t.'é\"icc'
dcf !r]¿'d 1)\" the'
(:
','."í!i
:
iiaiü:
ibc €".'"i¿'t"" tC: i!€-': :'(':.lL'
wait
añt! "\á . j ! rii ,'j " !" 1)7":
¿",
' c.
¢Ei2íj íri'" t ijc c'j]: "A7aLtc"í".
1c)!
l.
r.!€'","j: e
oí\i [L'tlratjÉ.;t]
tit- cit-'"', if-'.. ¿d:- ¿ill ("./üjjG; .
"
.
- -==_
t
————=
for
— --_.
_
-
__
)
" t_
'"
to
séi":
to
(Printerl
"jr
l:
I!
I)
Ej:z
t:
ÜSéE
:
None.
==-í,
-_
Ust
""
CnaTac,Te!"
¿_2£í ljev
===_
.__._-
.
t
Tí-: '.
""
( 'R '-"jµ"
"
=
tin'
'
':-'ií¿.:","'¿:L'j"
ne'""'L"·ís:
.!!"1
:3fK·CÍ
a
or",
-—
Üuzpu"
ji
,'
li
i:
I!
AF
P
tu!")ctiI-jn
\.\"1Ñ send
a
spc'cit"ied character to
clef inec! 13\" tho lo!ñ"Tí:
on Pape t) of the TP-'\ Bank.
before senciinz
to bc·cor,ie ready. it" ñt."cessál"c.
the
db s.7)eciÍ'je: ¿ j;i the' (:!'íáraL-tcr
berice (:Qr'.j'iµuration
'l"h]yY
List bevice (í'rintc
m.it fen" the cié\'"i¢í
will
It
the
["}
character. and 'n'i } .! nia: 'j:
tOr the Output dericc'.
rj '7
~ e
j
[
PROGRAMM
mg
B/P
mos
!í
)j
j
Function
i
6
(X>:
12)
Auxiliary
Output
'
Enter:
t
C
Character to
=
Aux7
)iary
}
send
DevicR
to
)
Exit:
None.
Uses:
AF
I)
li
lj
i
Device'
This function will send a specified character to the Aüxiliary Ourput
defined by the IOB\"1"E on Pa?e O oí the TPA Bank.
wait
for
device
the
It will
to become ready. if necessary. before sending the character, and will mask it
in the Character Device Configuration
for the Output derict.
as specified
li
i
Function
7
)
Enter:
ji
Auxiliary
(: <:i15)
}|
li
None
li
ii
ii
L
li
Exit:
A = Masked
Uses:
AF
Input
Input Character
\i
li
I
,)
i)
i
l
1j'\'
This function \'\'j}j real ¿j cbaractc'r Í'roni Úhie Au-íiíiarr
Input íkn"ice dc-fincci
l)
I):
irí·'.-'.
o!' the
Bari!" .
the jO!3\'Tí on i-'agt"
It will wait for a character to ]
received. and \\'i i nía.U: j t a"' spec ifted irí the' Character Ikn"ice CQñi' lj2w"át icm
for the' Inptií de-rice.
I)
Function
l
l
)j
Enter:
g
(: ·:x1tj)
Home
It
'i
None
ii
)
li
ii
|1
.i:
,
----—
Exit:
None.
Uses:
AI
Drive"")
Heads on selected
drive moved to Track ó.
i
Primary Flegisners
||
fq
ji
ii
¡i
li
---_
This function ail! position the headís) on the selected drive to Track (I.
in
no useful
i3/i' Filos, This operation pert"orrjjÁ
act ion, and is simpú" a keturn.
Pendin3 Y\"rite puíyzes and head reµositioninµ is handled by the individual
device drivers (Speciíicaily Select Drive functions).
28
Wp
l
'
l
i
l
PRCK: -;RAMM!!\'(;
BIOS
l)
9
Function
Select Logical
(xX1E3)
—-
Enter:
C
l
)
Desired í'6ve
(A=Ü..P=15j
=
I
Exit:
(No
P
'
)
This function selects
disk operations refer.
a
Header
t
h"""""""""""""""""""""-==---··----============_
l)
j¿/
'l
h'unctioíi
m__
)1
trite: ":_"Z': .
))
r:
t
lisio:
__"_—: m--
"" —
_
1t"a: l-'
Dez"u"ec
Numtier
!'
li
j:
—-
'.[(""/: "t-:",
!URUli¿?'1
7hí'
R: :--l \"aiúít 101\.
F:ea':is:
aúti 'n;"j'.e>,.
\'Y!)!iÉe
(;"'-c!"t"j
l:
ii
;¡
,"i
A¡'j·¿
StDTí:
.i \\i
í-(.D,L'jc'r.l
ZÍ4
Furíctiot"í
11
Enter:
t';;
="
{y.>;;']j
bes7rEFí
"
Seítor
Ñ'u,i
(9-bit:
lo--bit
u«': 7 ]!"]
¿j
a speci!"iecl
\",:Juc
stored
\"¿;jút"
ali
}
None.
User:
Nc)
_
for
r
l
l
l
'Yiñi it'
',) Ib
Se
Exit:
_"
7rack
'
iect
Trac:
Nan5er
"' "_I):1
i'.
'\
1\
;j
))
Sá'Y'é¿
i
t
l'
'(i;
Re?istet-s.
—"__=====
_
,
ÍliacÉ:
,
fÉ
NOTE:
l)
"T
—
riur,iher
v\ i Li
for
::)ée
"""
the
Qjñi}
"""
None.
Uses:
No
—_ -f.
ttií: ::rú ;Áj>i
í:ie Oñtj um'tl
this function.
Exit:
-
Üñú"
¿j
Selecr
ji
This tunctiori
stores
opcrat i or . The Íl2sá
íj: jsÉ:
íü"ád.> an: j \irites,.
Hl- =
A = O,
HL = O
Primary Registers
iunctiúm
'¿}jjg3
ib-ÚÚ \_Xjú;' i!. j}?['{: :lÍl£-.í
in ru:.i di í\"t'r>.
"
i)
iíie'f
li
l", ü:>ü.!
i.
),1
ii
It
))
k
1(
-———
NOTE:
——
'l
This
Ail
':
l
i
i
NZ
Adáress
Zero
(Z)
",.
(íjÁi-i
T-
Uses:
Drive)
I)
synüt'ied
logical drive as the current drive to whÁ-'ií
It" the operation
is successful,
the lhsk E'araníetcr
returned for later deterríiinat ion OÍ' the unit paramdrive. unknoi': n c: ¡"
fai is for any reason
(non-exisrant
ráluí" r)ointer is returned to siftñiÍ"\" that the cji\'t-
{DPii,) ad{jTe,s.g it.,
If"
the opeí"at jo!)
t
bad niecíia.
etc ), a Ze7"ü
be'
T !ji1"c}L}7j':
acct"·,sL'rl
cm"ínot
€7"Si
<> C,
A
DPH
i
i
(Success)
Drive
Sector
N'
j
it"t
itñ'.'t
i"
'-.\"i: .
I)
l'
t.
:'
,
8}é'CtOl"
="")'i:
"""""
rmer
j'¿Á-
hi: ,L
saveci
)'
Registersí
)!
li
,
í.oµicai Sector Number
with this function \'\,"iii
tor
bt"
a
tht.:
i'uíure
one
dís"t
useú
is specified for this function. only tht- Jo\'\c-1"
lcppr Disk and most Hard and RAM bi"jt drivers.
:
í
h;nt'
29
PROGRAMMI6·!C
l
l
B/P
Function
i
)
Enter:
12
BC
(xx24)
Buffer
=
Set
,
l
Adar
Starting
i
Address
DMA
Exit:
None.
Uses:
No
""ii
I)
tor Transfer
Address
IJMA
BfO'"'
-—JI)
saved
$
i
t
i
Registers
1
This Function stores a specified address to be used as the Source/Dest.ination
The last value stored with this function
for a future disk operation.
\'\"jj] bc_
Reads
and
banked
used
Bank
in Disk
the one
selectcd
systenís, the
\\rites. In
for the transfer rüay be altered by Function 28.
I)
li
Function
ii
Enter:
li
13
(Xx2K
Disk
,
)
None
)
)
)1
Exit:
Uses:
if
No
ftjñc:
iori reaíi: -, a j.Q!2i cal J.?b-tuú e sector f'rort the' IJAÉ-.
he'
}
by
acídrt"".s
Func't io: ii.
sci
Ñtt "n i t h i"uncí jgñ ] Z .
to t
m:
1Ét?
¿7r¿'}",zti¿")t
'.',¿7c.
ícccssfu! . Xün-Zero if' i".r7c?T>.
istiu" A=(l
"l"hi
f
t
'l-j
ii'
r__
)'
|1
li
4
l
l)
ii
'
FuncCcn
14
mr""______
ii
_
Enter:
C'
=
1
c:
=
('
i)
__
_"__
í): .':z/'\j
for irníne'iiáte wi_jt€
tor Ecttereá w:"itti
Exit:
I
I)
Us.es:
ii
ji
-..__—-
,
-— —
_..'_-—
)j
)1
Error£
it Errors,
Primary Registers
A = Cj, Z
a = Non-Zero
Ail
Reacl
"_
NZ
Tra: !: anti
(ni return,
occurred.
DÍsk
Wri
Sc-
""i''
l'
Errors
it Errors.
Primary Eeg7sters
A =
Nc
A = Non-Ze: ^o
All
-
_ií
rli
te
if
Z
L(2j
F:e z'
_
C',
|1
I)
NI
I)
li
—
ft:nction '.u"iz.c'i·. a ic: 'ic,",i l2S-bcíe sector to tht" DiúÉ . Ji"rac£: anü tíe·: }()}
Í"1"Oil,
If" Re,z"istc'r
s:
the' ad': iress set with Function 12.
t.í by í'uncí :on>, c;-! l
(=j.
but"t"er
an ininiejiaíe w]"|[t; and f lush of the bios
is performed.
it (. =0. l hc·
write iüá\" be deiared (iuc' [c the deb!ockínµ.
'i"his
i
li
I
!
l
i)
Function
Enter:
15
List Output Status
(xx2Ij)
l
P
i
None
jl
)
)
il
I
|1
l
Exit:
A = O,
Uses:
af
N2
it ready tor
Output Chara: Uer
Z
it Printer Busy
a = OFFH,
-
,
Thi: i'
31 F
lunttion
f"L"t'urrí'
a
fj¿"j' inchcating
whether or not
tríe
printer
¡s
:
i:
"ji
E
!i
)¡
ii
ii
_i'
ready tí'
B/P
PROGRAMMING
BIOS.
accept a character.
It us',es the
which phvsical device to access.
Function
16
JOFJY7'E
on
TPA Bank
of the
U
Paµe
detc'TrfiinL'
to
Perform Sector Translation
(Xx30)
_=j'
"7
i)
I
Enter:
:
BC
DE
Logical
=
= Acidr
Sector
OÍ' Trans
Num
Physical Sector
Exit:
HL =
Uses:
All Primary Registers
Num
li
Table
I
té
!1
_.—.-—l1
the IÁWica! Sector Number in repister B("' (íjrjr c.: um>: i
This function translates
at presenr ! to a Physical Sector nurober usiñfz the Translat ion Table- obtair!¿'Éj
froní
by Di..
the DPli and addressed
C'P/M 2. 2-corlír)liaT]t
port ion of
rc:
ioi'\"g
SUi"
JuI1iµ"]
u'nt
rou2hly fol
those
-':í
ry
!'\: rce'i"\_c'f:í í() ht: áeí"icienc]egí'\"c
c'c)rrcc[i(j;',- to 'n'h:
c'í:
iriµ" pal"arl¡c'{¿: I"s. ancj struc'["uI"cq.
Thi
s
ends
tht-·
iéÁ ol'
strict
ñ
ll
!!__"
)!
17
¶1
I)
li
ii
--
Enter:
__""
Console
(X>'33)
j:
)j
Ñj"ié
$¢
li
Exit:
A
li
jí
--=——-
a
cn
]
iii"
P¿'2: "!'
]rjLj}t-at
(.}
oí
A
Uses.:
—i:—-
ín"
t ht'
=
=
o:
FsanÉ"
' "" ,t
d,
li
Z
iT
i|
:i
it
.———-
_-=-_
hetntr
TÉ'Í\
))
Console'
Tor output cha: _
Consnle
E.u'íy
N
Ai"
--- -—=
't:
C).
_"71
Output Status
____
CIFFH,
Reaay
i:
1)
ihi'-,
f::;j¿N :n"; r€t¿["n'-7
je¿"Lc..! h'.
the TC)TÍ"'?""í!.
Uíaraí:
oútF'tt
used
and
jUüp
CP/M
—-
-
F"tmctmí"í
I! tu
Tüijc: .
$.
irí
but mth
in tlit'
inconsistencies
the tilos
_
.-_
{i
É¢
-.t.
not trié console í)e\"lcE_'
is read": iq accept" ans.)[-:
"a
"l·. !"
tc'r.
r_
)
"":
" Furiction
I— —---
——---—
1"'.
"
—_
(x>: 3G)
L-_____
l
)
Enter:
I
l
Neme
i
"
Exit:
l
L
i
Uses:
i
Tñi> f'unct ion returns
selected tn" the IOFSYTL
f la? indicating
Paµe
O
of
the
"
"
Input Status
it
A = OFFH, NZ
Aux Input
has character waiting
No char ready
A= O, Z
AF
i
a
on
"
""""
Auxiliary
if
Éf
i)
li
li
i
j;
:
I)
;j
whether or not the Auxiliary Inpuí
has a character waitinµ.
TPA Bank
31
PFK)GRAMM!NG
(
)
RIOS
f?,'P
"'"""""_'""i1
Funct
ion
l
Enter:
19
Auxiliary
(xx39)
_""__")'
l
l
None
l
l
1
l
This function return
selected by the IC)RYTE
character for output.
flag
a
on
))
Output Statuz
Exit:
Uses:
Aux
a = OFFH, NZ
Ready tor output
A = O, Z it" Aux Out
AF
it
Output
char
Busy
i
l
indicatiñ?
whether or not the Auxiliary Output
C)
of the TI?A Bank is: ready to accept another
Page
I)
i
ii
'
j:
Function
r Enter:
l
:
ii
2C.'
Return Pointer
(xx3C')
""
'!
""
None
jl
,=___
_
l
i
Exit:
HL = Adar
li
Uses:
HL
to Device Table
""""
OÍ Device Table
l'i
ii
ii
))
{
li
!
-=)l___
_
_
_ _ ,, , _ _
_
_
_
i an
i-,
am: jo?íjus.
ci'/y Pius: funct icm a! t.nQ'¿?!':
Thi s: funct ion rcmµ!á li"
t:
The Character
{() tnt'ic" consn: -,:s
(l:
precis,e bic dt'f ín: icms: \"áT\" soniU:',"]at .
lÍi¿iy,É:
} ac!í
Í?íib an input arri
four dtu"ice>: \'o\t, []"))¿ . ;'j(-). aná XL'! .
out ["üjé
.
datm rate sc-Qt iríg> an'! lgi'()E(_)L"ol
f'la '"i. \üi all cIel incá ;-it; ítins: s- ". n. .-\.' K/: Gl"!.
P))'"
\"€' ;'µ i cn
ami X'7': :./X! 'y |lan{j: '!)at: } !íj2 . cl ' rúa;: M f'ti ! l \" IQij'É cííic'nt eíi i n CÍZCíi
.
l
T
are ¿i'."¿lij¿1l'): (: f'-j! !¿"íít'7" cu.panx !t'ti tiut Une.
c("]]"l"es1"c}n¢:
i
"===i:
))
Funct7o!",
£1
'
)(
i
ImtiaVze
(X: 'UT" j
-
Eri te
r:
Nc:
me
--
"_=r
I)
Exit:
Uses:
!1
ii
jl
_
Neme.
li
==
Ali
l)
Dewcee
------
ImUaiization
-—i!
I)
clone
!'
I)
Primary Registers
P'
-¿
-
This function initial izes Character TO settings and other functions ví'hicn ní: n"
of the correbe varied by a Crmi"iµuratíon
It If an extended version
Líiiity.
1(1
cc/ñt
pTirli:
"iry
CP'/Jl
Pius',
iµurations.
is
use
furict
iorí.
restore
spondinµ
to
Iíí
by
"n"ait
aUeratiori
síí"'!"í ¿;: 'í clück rate.
etc,
µaranietcrs:
svsteni
states.
after
anti
tht-·
harci"ñ"aí"e such
\\Éi g}i ai recr ly access
as many rííodeni pro7ragt>,
proprams
r5F'(': ¢T(7
( ü:
C). 2)
!
!.
confipurat iori ut ity.
.
eí'
32
B/P
PROGRAMMING
BIOS
Function
l)
(x: 4>)
T
:Z'Z
of
HL = Address
Exit:
None
Enter:
DPH
Return
Table of
l
DPH
Pointer
start of
i
l
Pointers
HL
Uses:
I
i
This function returns a Pointer to a table of Hi-bit pointers to bisk F'aram-ter Headers for Drives A-P. A Null (0000ll) entry means that no drive is
defined ai that lapKal position.
10>""""")
23
Function
l
:
Enter:
i
i
l
jl
i
t'uncíicm i:-'.
jj
Furicticaa
líes-z!!"\"ts: l
(x:
24
)Lí==——
initial
i:
l
)1
jl
,
Thi "
t ion \\"j";tt: '_,
in lU3ctic]í! i-:
í¿¿sl: yb ál"C: hein;;
\"\"r!c']'y¿-
thí·it
t'h: -' (")!)ei"atjr!:
[""""""
Fur,cticm
i=-=-l
Enter:
25
HL
)
BC
i
This function
banked
specified
of thi:.
CÉ'/'\'i
3
movwí
ñ"tcj\'és
i':
itij
Sn":
_—
.
No
"
"""'jl
tí
li
1·
jl
í: íos
li
Registere
release
_--_?
and
'
sinípij
re'turrm
l)
li
DeMock.er
"ll
'
Pending
None.
Exit:
All
Uses:
PÜ_
—
ljis!
Executeg.
Primary
——
—_
——
w!'
7Üñ:
)1
l)
I)
ReWsim"ií
--— —-_
——.
- --¿j
p€"!")dirlz F)at a to disk Í"1"Oíi"l deMockinsz
b1jf"j"ers3 agÍ RiE:
}iThis'
t'unctior: shoulci bc callt'C 1!1
icai arei-u,
s"\\": zr)i)gci
is, be irip c": changej whctti
ñm'diá
is ;:xjss,i !.Ül. or
':tt",, i4ÜiÍ
not cíttect the chan!'c".
a!')¿7\"t-.
crit
it
(xx4Q)
Perform Possible
-
'the
the
Sector
an;."
Address
= Start Source
= Start íjest Address
= Number Bytes to Move
DE
For
?
"""
l
_
—-_
_
ftmc
tiL)r}t'¿_!
Uses:
B/'p
II
i:
Nctie
.._ , ———="_-_
None.
Flusn
- --_=:í— —
Enter:
Exit:
uúí)
.—_
li
in the
|Y1u}t1p]e
"__""""
l
i
Nd!"íe
i
Ti"ii: i
tor
eqtí j\"¿j iúni funct ion.
33
PROGRAMMING
Function
Enter:
B/P
(xx4E)
26
DE
Start of 6-byte Buff
O
(to get Date/Time)
1
(to Set Date/Time)
=
=
=
C
C
Get/Set
Exit:
Uses:
Date
and
BIOS
Time
of Successful
Error or No Clock
if
Primary Registers
A =
A
=
1
C)
All
This function provides an interface
for a Real-Time Clock driver
to programs
The function
in the Ellos.
uses
format así
a 6-byte Date/Time strin2 in ZSDOS
opposed
s
used
CP/M
Research'
format
in
Plus for this funct ion.
to Digital
Also. This function must conform
requirements of DateStamper(tm)
to additional
in that on exit, register E must contain the entry contents of (DE+5) and Hi.
must point to the entry {DE)+5.
implementing the clock
the actual hardware
If
!/1Cl
second
increments, the current 1/10 second count may'be returned
supports
in rcÜ"Ri
it
true valuc
RegjÑtL'Tb
tht"" Pit'"!)t"(7r!c'i"
FSiCr-.
':
tíí'Qt
jutiiñ
i". nut a}'*'a\">
"\i'i
tii !S/í·' Eic_i',.
F)é
and
i
lity
juiüp Ta!.ñe
returrmi in rezzstc'i" í4t.' is íji íc'r, új,tj.;
jf'í
1!kju"' in.z is achiúved into tne Lí/P data >truíturc>
'("""):e:.
',R
ÍKí4 been
added
wht-·ñ
}in,¿
\":
such as
Iun:
l!'
ai rimnory
IL'j}ai)l€'.
lacauon
whereas
()(.)L)Üt'i
this
noríüat
function
ly pojths
\\'iti
aiv.'ays
1()
tñc í:icúrí'íurrt ¿j
Fil.
return pointers: which are of value tcj program-s which alu-'r
_ ious
Filos
The pointer
configure
or
paraineters.
to the configurat ion are'a
ra:
of" the Bicm should be used
as opposed
indexinµ from the strirt
to
in
utilities
cjf"
the 13ios Juiüd Table since- additions to the jump Table or insertion of othc:
thü Configuration
Area
data wi ll af"i"ect
startinµ address. The pointer irí Iii
is ami iable for UmÉ' in systems which may contain more than four character 1()
dtu'icem
This pointer enables exchan7es
of devices to place desired de\"icL·\.
in the first four posit ions of the tab1e mat: in¥ them available
for selection
made to the devices.
\"iíí tht' tónrn.
After any alterarions
a call
are
to th'
r.'£t\"!c'e '.".(jl!i'}7L¿j'¿zt ion Esi(_)s
Funct ion Zf should be níade to
actirate thc featu.i"c"s,.
3.'j!
PRCGFL'!MM1NG
FI. OPPY
D!
SK
E3,'P
SUFSF(3'CT
L?!OS
1O\'S
.
ñinction 31 permit>,
low-level access to Floppy and Hard Disks {via SCSI interwhi le sortie hardware
face) bv specif'ying a Driver \"umbeí' and desired Function.
paraníeterís
oí
specified.
types do not suppoi"r
the
ali
particularly tor FJoppr
Dr i.\'és,
thi s architecture
mar
supports all types. although specif ic systeíns
Format
ignore certain funct ioñÁ.
for example,
a single
In this manner,
proWD1770/1772/179X
and other
gram
supports NEC765, S\fC9266.
controller types
with widely diff"erin7 interfaces.
Floppy Disk functions
are accessed by
enterin;q a l value into Re?ister P, (Floppy Drirer Number j and the desired
junip
function number in Register C. then jumpiñ? to or calling BIOS Fntru"
number
3í.
I)
li
)
I)
tp
l!
lj
Function 31 (Xx5D)
Floppy SubFunction
—
Enter:
A
=
for
C)
FE
i
B
))
C
=
=
1
O
I)
i)
t:
I)
;:
I)
é'
ii
Read/Wri
te
Mode
;i
-))
l
)
Double
l
l
Exit:
None.
Uses:
AF
I)
ii
i)
l
it
ish.e: q the
Density nioaú of" operat
and '.íriie
ac'ce.ssús
a.ssuníe: > then
.3 (Set
:jÚC'tCfl]"í F)cí\"£' bet'ii cal led
íjñ
It
of'
the I"lop;'y
-í
i
SL}hru!]ctl()r"i:
----"-_
Floppy
Set
i
C:
Ente_"
A
I)
- ljFE" fgy"
-
i:
e
))
B
=
ii
C
=
=
tor
3ÜÜ
36Ci
rpní (norwa"i
rprr'
iú"/©A)
tar MCb': C?'" Control,
ii" Motor a iways on
1")?sfDrive Gize
1
(Floppy F'"iverl
i (SuDTuncT1'3rl
#)
rp
Exi
c)
ji
É
i)
I.'zs?
t' St.' '-
first.
"
""" 31 (y.xFy: l
Fumtiou',
Floppy SubFuncticn
jiIt
ji
Floppy
C)
Density
Single
Density
for
(Floppy Driver)
(Subtunction #)
This imut int-' es.tah!
coni: rol ler ícr Read
Siui' and Ñcnoí"l anti
li
Set
t"
tjÉéÉ
Ñoñ€.
C'isk
&
Motor
Paí"mz,
'" 'j;
¡)
?
t.
i)
)'
"
Ai"
li
t'
I!
li
li
t'
1|
jlL
I!
l|
ji
-li
,
This rout ine establishes sonie of the physical paranieters for a FKppv Drive.
The norma!
5.25" and 3.5" disk drives holding 40Ü or S(J() kb or les: s rotare í: í
3()() rpm.
Many of the nevier
drives can increase this speed to 56() rpm which i: -.
the rate used on ojcit'r S" f'lQpi)\"
drive"m This is the speed used on the "l"ii;úí
11I3Pl
The A register is used
Mb
5.25" drires'..
bens'ity"
forntatted)
to
].2
Re;zister L) is use-d
indicate íhu ftísté$\ speed capable on the specified drive.
to indicate wM'thcr the !\(c)tor is always On. or will start and stop periMicali
This i¶ nÉ.)r"niail\" us: ed by the Ellos to delay for a period before v\'ri[in£' if
'u.
the l}í(jtt/: " iS µtoi)¡)£.(l [(j a! Iqv\ the- diskette to conic up to speed thereby ríiirüniizinc'. chance i. Qt" diña cm"rurt io:í. Rezi>: ter i i: s used to indicate Iljt' PÉ\"\,,3£
E/P
PROGHAMM
BIOS
this
i)rÚ"e.
Drive. 0!013=5.25"
OOJI3=Si"
an: 0=i'iard bisÉ: ,
ia sizc
A'othinµ is returned from
!Iie{:
c'al
()] 1R=-3 .S".
INC:
¿Ü">"i
conimanci.
ai i of these' funct iotiÁ may not be supported oí? any speci f"j ¿"' compu'. e'shoulc' a!way,x past, tht' necexmíry
type. the interface f'rotn u: jng proµ,rarns
parameters for compatibilitr.
W
WIn le
This rout ine assutíic's that
called first. Cal! thix routine
ion
SutíFunct
NOTE:
2
Head
(Set
Function
calling
before
O
and
(Set
has
Drive)
ó
)
Furiction 31 (xx5D)
Floppy SubFunction
)
i)
Head
Set
ljrive
and
Enter:
A
Drive
=
)1
2
"'")1
(Bits 0,1)
(Bit 2)
{Floppy Driverl
íSubi'unction #í
Head
ii
e
'i
C
í"ríi
2'
=
rout inc
u
1
=
i .s
"
#
""L:'-f
",',
I'-},
_
Vu
Sul'tUj"!'¿zj:
("'
l
.
!!t"u
X
}[1 i"'¿ñÑ"
i!,.
]
} j
>;
.
t"
.
li
None.
Uses:
af
jiL.
))
ji'
j:
"' 'j\
:'·:.'t!]i:í.qÜ!'.':
tit-'
Exit:
r
Ii
re;zis.Ȓc-r
.A
¿;'"é
I)
#
ti: nc
)
i:
;'
l ')
been
Mode).
i
: "^
'>,
'e
ccmtainin,s
u: 'Át nuul})g
]j",'¿i.i
i li T"' : '
,
:¿": l !
!"t'tt]rl"?'¿'c! t ["Glk ttij ", ftñ\-t ñ)lZ.
th '
\
tCf
rl¡¡: !!rliiL'z"' r': "('l'!U:,l-·
a¿'cc!,y,t.':
Flcuj'..
in
.·',
3
() :
=
=
i l
tht
i
a n cl
Flc'j';:
:"
t llÍ'
?
:-·
.
f
i:,
Fur'ctu: ín .: ': (' >' ·53 '
Flcmi'; 8.gt.F;cl"[t2íic: :".
li
ji==
i;
_""
Er'teí":
==
))
" "
A
=
L)
=
i!
E-
I!
E:,
)1
C
L== "
—
-"
Set
=
U
"
(F]c'l??\·'
C}!"1ver)
(SutjTunct1ol"':
#)
__
:==_-
__
j:
i
""="
- --
1
Cíu: k Moíje
t
"y '
Phymcai Sector NumbEr|:
)i
Phváical Sectc: _ Size
¿
Last Sctr # on Side
I!
=
Floppy
_,
"
Ex:
t:"
Usu:
"
None.
_""
t)
)i
)'
AF
i:
)i
li
I)
It
- —3i
Thi: -, routine es¿a}'iis: hef informt ion needed to proper iy acce: ',s a spc'ci l"i z'·-!
On
of" different
StéCtOl" urianibiµuousiy '\i'iti"í a nuiíiber
é!jtí"\".
controller types.
li)
nuníbcr
Register A contains the desired physic?í}
desired.
contains thí
sector
sector sHe v: hei_e C = J2A bytc" sectors, i = Z5() .. 3 = 1024 byte sectors. and
F.
contain". thü last sector nuriiber on a side. ?¢ormally
register F j¶"j unused in
Western
Nothin;z
DigiUl control iers. buí is needed with 765 and 9266 units.
is returnccl f'roiH this subt"urjctjon.
"u7
3 .
PROGRAMMING
B,,'P
BIOS
"""',
l
)
Function 31 (xx5D)
Floppy SubFunction
)
I
l
'
Specify Drive
l
Times
P
4
_1
Enter:
A = Step Rate
in milliSec
Ci
Time in mS
= Head Unload
E
Head
Load
Time
in ms
=
B
1
(Floppy Driver)
=
C
#)
= 4 (Subfunction
Exit:
None.
Uses:
AF
)
l
i
l
)
l
This subfunction set various tirtíin;z values used for the physical drive selected.
On entrv,
the A Te?isteT contains the drive step rate in milliseconds.
Within the Biosm this rate is rounded up to the nearest controller rate if the
specified rate is not álj even match.
Reµister D should contain the desired
-,.
E
Head
Unload
and
time in mijiisecond:
to the desired Head Load timc in WS.
Diµizal tvpe controllers.
onlv the Step Rare is universalú"
by
variaWc.
the Bios settinps are roundcci
In these S\~jélÍiM rates siwiaíed
such
2.
thc:
3, 5. or (") niiiiiSeconci
.ratc.
as the
closús,t fixed step ratc
up to
3C)
V\T)1t"2
1().
2(),
milliSecond rates used in the oldcr \u)l""(;
(jl" (),
in the
or
and \\'Dl "'tS .
\"oíhin,£ is rL'[uTnf-'{! f'roní this furicr ion.
\tith
NOTE:
Western
(xj(Eáíl:
Function
SubFuríctzori
Floppy
31
i:
ii""""
Enter:
I)
C
)
=
=
S.
(Sut'function
#)'
ir""
li
i
i
l
tí
"
s
ters).
order to establish
———
Uses:
MTE:
A =
Zero
A <> G,
C),
AF
Subfcns,
NZ
if
ErroT£
(Z)
Set
rf
Ok":
j:
!1
a'
I)
';
1.
2,
&
4 Needed
—
the headls } orí the selected drire tc) rrack
indic,ne"' by the value in the A repister.
E)\"
thi": f'unctiort {especially BC)'.
--
-
(I
i'
_—:d.\i
{honit' '! .
Ni) cnhc·í"
Subfunctions l (Set Disk and Motor F'aramebe called
and 4 (Specify Drive Times)
f irst in
of the Drive.
the physical characteristics
func-t iori requires
Head and briu-')
(Set
This
2
-.-
Exit:
'
i
j)
_
I)
¡i
tF¡O»F!g'
=-—
Disk Drive
Heacs.
E.
l
NOTE:
38
Home
1
subt"unct
ion Mc"tpg
Only succ'esg;/!"&i Jurc is
reµisters rúay bc altered
Thi
l
""""
""""'="""
Dviver:
"
É3
mft
i:
"'_
""_
l
)
that
E!/P
PR(RRAMM1HC
BIOS
-m
)
l)
Function 31 (XX5D)
Floppy SubFunction
l
Track.
Seek
6
li
)
Enter:
i
Exit:
A = Desired Track Number
D
= OFFH to Verity,
O
tor No
E
O
for No Double-Step
=
<>0 for Double-Step
Verification
l
!
I
B
=
C
= 6
i
(Floppy Driver)
(Subfunction #)
1
A = O, Zero
<> O, NZ
Uses:
AF
NOTE:
Subfcns
2,
(Z)
Error
Set
if
3,
&
if
Ok
4 Needed
I!'
l
li
This subfunction mores the headls) for the selected drive to a spec.rtied track
on the media.
If the Double-Step flap (Register E) is set to a !Ñon<1cro
value, then thc.: control Ic! \\'i ! l issue two st€'j.> puisc: -: for é\"cT}" track 1rcju-"'\'khiC?l
cjUc'rerlt'2-n"¿
Uic-nt
ij> required.
cu"
After tnc Seek. a F: ea.':j in füñctloñ \i'Zjí
tic pL'rí'or|Ii¿Li
to í'c:"ii"y thxí the- CIts ired trauk \c7iA found if' tht: \."erific: ít 1ot:
(F: e;-'isut:í"
c)n1y the' AT
ia>
i": ' is sc't to at \Tm-Zero Number.
preferably 0T"í-'"ll.
i
h;'."
íhi g, Í'ttncí ion.
rtgi" tt'T"·, ñr'i\" hi' ííl ic'? t_'¿t
NOTE:
r !ó!'i":\
i:
|1
(:t:<±3)
SutlFunctiol";
Functicm
F
í
Sur)f'unFtií)ny.
Drive Times!
"ioppv
"""
Enter:
li
))'
31
" _""
Hie
c
2
_
t'éÉ.t
T-
1
"-
7
D1'i\"l'Á 3 (bt-ifirst in orcki" 1()
ÉkülCj
and
llc'cl
I)
Floppy Disk Sector
Read
li
:
"-____
_"
__mt))
Butter Addresí
{Uoppr C': vvet")
{Subturictiori #)
=
(Set
be c¿:
oí the r)ri\_t'.
[cj"ib[ic$
it'I
))
1Un¿1-io';
'p|I.I)ci¿
D)
ebt!-it)ii:
r=_
i)
rec!u!;"c'F,
that
>!.
aná d {Slx'ciíy
'.tj Ü)l-' r)!j\": icci!
ch([]"¿1:
Thí: -.
))
Exir:
E,
=
<>
—-—4·
O,
t?,
ii
l
Uses:
AF.
i)
I)
NOTE:
Subt'cns
m-—-
ii
Zero
NZ
Set
if
(,ZJ
Ei"rcr
'f
(jP':
4,
i|
li
I!
I)
HL
0,1,2,4
&
5 Neecjei
li
l)
"ihis subt"unctiorí Reads a physical sector of data ÍJOlTt the selected cfj"i\"c ani
places it i:í tho buf"ft'r cíl the specified address.
It is imporrarít that an
The \'"ajuc
appropriate iy sizc·d buti"c·r
is provided for this: task.
iri thc --',
wi
indicate
success
of
the
iridicatc'd
as
the
function
iti
rezistcr
ti
or failure
thc: aho': t chart .
C)ñj\' the .aj" ancí HI registers
by this Í'un.crrtay bu altered
t ion .
Tlii :-, funct ion recjui res, that Subi'unct ions O (Set Read/\Wi
Disk &· Motor Parnis j. 2 (Set Head & ljrive), 4 (Specify Drive
Track) be cal leci Í ir:tt in order to establish
the physical
cíIaracterisLic: 6 of" thc' data íransfcr.
NOTE:
(Ser
(Seek
i
Mode ) .
Times)
and (l
and
io?ica¡
te
39
PROGRAMMINS
!
'
B/P
ion 31 (XX5D)
Floppy SubFunction
Funct
EllOS
Write Floppy Disk Sector
)
8
i
i
l
li
Enter:
l
HL = Source
Buffer Address
B
1
(Floppy
Driver)
=
C
8
(Subfunction
#)
=
i
Exit:
A
= O, Zero Set
A <> O, NZ
if
l
l
(Z) it
Error
Uses:
AF,HL
NOTE:
Subfcns 0,1,2,4
Ok
)
I
)
l
i
t
&
6 Needed
This subfunction writes data froríí the buffer beginning at the specified
adThe val ue
dress to the track, sector and head selected by other subf"unctions.
in the A register alom with the settinµ of the Zero Fkmz will indicate whethOnlv- the AF and HL reruisters niav bc- aioí" not .
er the operar ion succeeded
by
this function.
tered
This funct ion requires that Subfunctions O {Set Read/Writú í{L)CiCi . 1
Z
Head &: t'rire). 4 (Specify lji"ive Time: -j and ¿(Set
Disk & \'lc"tor F'artíísl.
iecl
bt'
f'i rsi in order to estaM ish thú physical and iogical
Track)
caí
oÍ'
characteristics
thc data transfci".
NOTE:
(Set
(Seek
)1
))
))
Furiction 31 (xxSE ;i
Floppy SubFunction
Read
Enteí_:
li
E.
C
l'
j!
=
1
= 9
(FÍOIXW
Ib
Sectcn"
g
))
,
)1
Disk
j!
ljriver
íSu3function
#
,'
:'
,,
ii
A = O, Zero
A
<> Ci,
Set
ÑZ
'i
l)
)1
ii
j:
li
--
Exit:
Uses:
NOTE:
AF
SubÍ'cns
O
&
it
(Z) n
E'"rcr
C'i'-
:!
))
li
if
!1
i)
2 Needeá
J:
_,-
-_=
ID ini'ormation
encountc'reí ori ¿¿
This Subftmct ion Í"éaá-< thu f'j¡"f.¿
correct
1(7!_1
There'
parameter.s
other than the Drivcr
for this Í'unct
arc' no entry
track.
.",
number.
and SubÍ'antn
indicatiñ?
whether
fiaµ is returned
ion
or not errors
An error
inciicat€': 4 that no recognizable Sector ID could be read Qñ
occurred.
tho disk.
Ir Llío9,t cases. thiu is due to an incorrect Density settin? in the
Rios .
function requiTes that
lSet Floppy Disk Mouel are called
of the disk.
characteristics
NOTE:
40
This,
Subfunctions 2 (Set Head &' Drive) and 3
first in order to establish the physical
B/P
PROc¡RAFlMl
BIOS
l
l
'
Enter:
1C!
Y
(Floppy Driver)
=
#)
= 10 (Subfunction
B
Exit:
1
C
l
l
Return Floppy Drive Status
31
(xy,5'))
Function
FIo?Fly
SubFunct ion
NC
A =
BC
HL
Opn)
Status Byte of last
l
FCC
Controller Type
=
of Status Byte|
= Address
i)
l
Uses:
NOTE:
'i
AF, BC, HL
Subfcn
2 Needed
ii
¡j
l
cíí"i\"é.
There
This function return: ", Ur? status of the currently-selected
arc
and FuncDriver
no entry parameters for this function
other than the Floppy
On
€'xit. the ra"ñ' unmasked status hyte of the drive. or the ]¿j;-¿
tion number.
depending
is returned along with
a binare
orí the contro} ter type.
operat ion
T!J""'
92Óó.
number
tiít-'
Jer
le.sz.
i'epresencim
corm"ol
(S,
ij"pe
]""2. etc : .
Thi
NOTE:
cal lee!
";
|}ct'c)7"e:
'
T"""""""""
ction
Fur:
li
li
i:
ir"
LI
ji
ii
U'ú5!j'l
SubF"urícticm
"'"""
"""""'
Enter:
Hj
I)
))
»
C
=-
E
=
=
ll
C
;)
This-:
__-_Format
31
Fiopm'
í)j"i"\"c
rout inc ajzsuIl|c'y, that Subfunct ion 2 (Set Head c\'
thi s rout inc iá) sl^ ic'ct the Physi cal Paraníeters.
=
""'
"
""
)
Mun
iíítfS
_"_""í;
Floppv
DisP
)',
Track
e;
i)
11
""
"
T
Poir,te: " tcj Lja'.a B"!^CÍ·j) li
of Sectoi"s/1"rack
li
# ot Bytes.
in Ga> 3
I
1
(FioiXW
íu"iver)
11
ii
/SubTUnctiDn
#)
Emt:
#
Uses:
NOTE:
A = l", Zero
A
<> C',
Set
NZ
AF,BC,DE,HL
Use Subfcn
7Í
__
(Z) it
Errcr
d',
li
(: }i'.
t'
ii
))
li
10
tor
COi"it 1ype))
! t
twícticú: ÍDrn,: iti>, ,: complete track OIl one sick oÍ a Floppy !"ñsk.
E)tíU the-;j.G'í
)bác . HC'¿í{i,/¡)l"]l"C'.
Track , and Sector hare alreacíy becn
.
On
l(-)
data required by the controller
entry. Hi. pc)!ntg
to fornmt a track.
bet"ñúen
This wzj"icú,
c(")ntr()¡]ers,
so RETDST should be called
to detertjíi: íL'
iÍi/z
cont
On
beíore
ter type
up data structures.
sett
entry, D rl1ug>t a Úm
contain the number of Sectors pt'r Track, and E niust contain the nuníber o!"
Orí
A=() and the Zero
bytcs to use for Gap J in the floppy format.
flap
is Set (7)
the operation was
completed, A <> O and the Zertu
SüÉÉ
assumer-,
rcl
if
clearc'.'
f\a;z
register:
-
CZ ) if' errors
:,r)í-,Hj-).
satisfactorily
occurred.
This
exit,
routine
ti\F j3':
NOTE:
This
has been cal
routine assuníúú that Subfunction JO
led first to determine the Controller
inf'ornííu ion in thú Format Data Block.
niav.
alter ail pr iniarr
(Return Fioppv Drive Stau-ii,i
type and insert the corre'.:t
41
PF?OGF?AMMINf3
HART)
DiSk
El/l"
E3lCS
SUBFUNCTÍONS.
funcr ions are ami lable tíj direct iv access, Hard Mires connected M" ¿,
They are accessed
by loading the desired fúij'3t icm nunibt'r
type interface.
in the C: reµister.
ioadinµ a 2 (SCSI driver) into the F$ reµnster and c¿i: ! iní
Since
or jurrlpin,a to Jurnp number 3i in the Filos entry jump tablc.
this iníejface is not as standardi zed as Floppy funct ions in order to handle SASi as,
well as SCSI devices. the interface has ortiy basic functions with the' precise'
operat ions specified by the U"se: r in the Command Descriptor Block passed v: ith
Vvhilé
Furict ion :í.
thi> places a µrc'ater burden on User programs, it allows',
] i
Jexibi
more
ty to takt· advantaµc of' changing features in the ñé\'\új" ,St: Si
f
"
drives..
These
SCSI
)
)
Function
Disk SubFunction
(XX5D)
31
)
Hard
il
Enter:
of Data Area
= Address
b = Z (Hard
Disk Driver)
C.
= G' (Subt'unction #)
DE
Li
li
Addresses
i)
O
(
ji
Disk
Hard
Set
I
l
I
p
i
Exit:
a = #
Uses:
AF
Bytes in
Comnd
BÍock
J)
Ir
i)
l)
U
i)
t
L
S( S'É
fcjj" Direct
i'.: . ünd
S,Útri the Lscr F)aí,"í ,',Tt: cz Addresc,
This Subfuncíiún
c'ornmancj
nul")}i_}c:
!"/"\"í ttS>
á"\"íii
lab
le
M
S!
in tht'
bcscr iptor Ti.!()1'i..
returris the
r tjf
ust-"cl
j;·j
and
j"ñíj' Au ¿j .\rcm niu ': : ij;j' :\. r L7AS.I SiZ tn"tt"\'
ion;
to snore ckna fo í)g
f' T'Olíi
L"! \it"Z'Á: í
>.L"lc7ctc'(}
Tiíi.'> )kíía :',:"L·i,
!"¿ct'i\:
íC:
'
l
i
rt'a'.i
dí"ií"e.
a:i
wr t téTi.
tM
51 2
i g-t iÍi¿í!}'"i¿ítol"y
from
álv:
áy>
s: i: ':e
a di rect a¿-cÚ>,: ·z i:i
hyít> áj"'j
rt"turncci
m: ií-íz:}:.¿lL
lei"
c\Í
\\ nz'
","m'
the"
h:
ordúí"
1j'd€?b recQgnize(j in Ur- !"i/7'
it't\"
coníro!
to
TÜc1'·Command ¡'escri!)l("][" hioc-'k
á'j:
?.
rlU|llbe}
Thc
tríe'
of hyíe>
íj."i\"¿|:
ii lab!í' in
"Y',"iL|"íir!
N-S-l
Ü'!l. pi]i": t,;c:íl {!7'i',"¿'[' i: -: u>u¿!!l\' 1() it\ orckn to hancík"
thü ey: ¡-cn,"t¿Td
cQti|íl]alídg,. but Lii':
i"-' ScÁíic: í' !"míj: tc: ) (J in jiR;itLd applications.
j
r""
,1
ji
"
Function 21 í; y:g:"l[/,)
Hard Disk SubF'unctioti
'l
)
i:
))
Enter:
=
"
1
Phyeical
&
Logical
Drive
!
Byte (5.2.1)
Disk Driver)
(Subfunction #)
A = Üevice
E3
= 2 (Hard
C
Set
l
i
l
)
Exit:
A =
Uses:
AF
_
Pnysical
_____1
Device
Bit
t,
Dj
1|
i
i
l
l
)
This ,Subtunction sets the Physical Device bit in the l3ios for SCSI accesses
and the Lojzicai I'nit ,I'umber
in the SCSI Command Block (Bvte l, bits "-Si. The
1,!2ut:
format of' the wrice Byte prouided to this routine is defined in the Conj
Extende':
í
frcmi
7)ish.
and
(:O\'ríCr+6].
the
is available
ration Dara. Sect ion 5.2. i,
Parameter Fieacic'i" lit bPii--l , ()ri €'µ.itin? this routine. a byte isU returned with a
btiu"i cc- " i 1("7
=
"One"'
hi [ in the prom: [" po: , it ion J"(! [ " = OÚ\"i Cc· ". . .Tsit
["iC'.>li¿-(.:
conitüarí'".
seic'cí thc:
'j'íií \"j¿j a SCSI
42
E!
PROGRAMM!P!('
Ip BIOS
Ii
'I
i
l
!
l
_ñ
Function 31 (xx5D)
Hard Disk SubFunction
SCSI
Direct
Drivex
2
,
)
L
l
Enter:
=
A =
A
')
E3
C
Comnd
Ptr to
DE
O
if
FF
(Hard
=
2
=
= 2
No
Write
Data
if Disk
Blk|
Desc
Data
to Write
Driver)
(Subfunction
#
i
A = Bit1 Status,
Flags Set
H
Va)ue
Message
Byte
=
L = Status Byte Value
Exit:
I
l
l!
i
Uses : AF, BC', DE, HL
NOTE: Subfcns O &
i
I)
li
Needed
1
This Subt"unction peri"orm>. the actions requireci by the conímand in tM' s!)é-'cit'¡t'.!
(":omt?¡a{")d
A sií'niíA': ' wñctht'r
The flag provided in Reízistei"
be>m"iptüt" l'íioct:.
.
L)\"
!\"oI]--: 't'rL:'
"ñ"j
be
itten
this c.ontmanü. () II sin lc' ¿j ionc"ci
or ncu u>&i data it: to
C:
Tkcec.
v\i
bt'
ic'c!
v\
t
poci
fí'i'
frcm the ;ii"td -jj'éciÍ
\ jLlt'.
i!
itn j'unct ion
thé-:
'v',;;j
a!íí'ay>:
C'b
¿2j"t-'
512
the'
end
oí
SCSI
.'It
byt
Li' opt'rat ionstrim: ':roui int .
É'c!"Tt-¿j
Space set by Subfunctínn O.
f]'.c): l: the hio.>
IO hui'iÉr to the' t t--.crs.
Thi u.
ths-'
\'\"icic
accommodate
,"
".':."i:·
v\"á
Ü"il
ic'].'?T;[
b"tíí
Tlki\"
\üi! leí i"
only
kc cou id
M iric'ff
.
\'\"i
¡'"Qi
g\i
S..'\.°',i ,/s' i.!
cQcié
Tlit:
reayional)}e
constraint"..
corn
ciif'i'í ;'-·:zí
íeu ', tliin
c:(}[ljj3!Ú1
niaskc·t1
:-.1 ,: 1
bvtc·
í:
]"\·t'L!!"Í]'j.:
v.itij
is the Staius
u:
to: : of t5i: function
' í
f':roni SC'fí ope"á
TA- t"tj i ] S: atu" Ñ\ [ e ar'"! í\ícsqa"c'
Í'\"té
Ul' l (C E íÜt. J'U i
.
for r'kít"g: Cit--i tmtion OÍ any errorm
i ¡("kTí'·q att- ¿ií-jí· l'r('í"lcjL('l
NOTE: 1"iíi:
c'(';: ¿'ig'L$1"£'(-j
-,
Tüt:
1(";
1¶(-
t iii:
t'f"
type'
bescriptür Block has l}etj-[1 prof"'.'r j \"
LÍ_!c'
Ctmtroller
set in Fl/P Fnos.. anti that
{ i!
ín.:
irí tm Iiio: '
ñéCébSAT\7
'- CiCiñiiI'l a:-,".U!ino.
r1"Q?rari: exi t and \íarm í\ocn .
tSet ilaríi 1)1 ::.1. AjdTe>s¿j,i a: m i ;>-É-"i ]"'j"g\"> ií::í
that tiiú
¿L:-,>u7:jt-7
-
}j¿¿jYj
>t'icc-üA diü- ] .- l'rorÜri: b"
í".ri_Q
Ti ioñ: ,.
t": in pña>irrz L.tPm user has cal it:
Func't ions C'
1\
i.("jg): ¿i:
!'rj\_L";! tícj(")!"L' u>íég2
j
(:O!1]I[¡¿ij]{!
Tns.k
cieg;c["ibe('i
1e">uÁ
in
tt'is
Sui)lu!"LÚ:
-1L77í.
:-=ji
I) '
:J,"
FLÁnct1o!"',
í>:
Bank.
Set
y.ó':j}
Far
Tor
jj
th
U
i6-
))
"{
juínjj'"Ca!
Enteu:
a.
t
Dem
--- -----rel Bani-: Number
--
,:
)|
li
l|
This Iunction sel s tM
in ari a)tern: íte )ieniorv
Exit:
None.
Uses:
No
-----::
—------
'
I)
Registers
i
I
bank
Bank.
nuíííbt-'r
for
a
later
Function
33
jump
to
a
routine
43
PRCRRAMM!NG
E/P
Function
Enter:
33
HL
=
(xx63)
jump
Address
in Bank
This Function switches.
to the bank
32,
then calls the routine addressed
turns to the bank from which called,
It
I)
ii
l)
Function
Enter:
34
HL
=
!
Exit:
"m|j
Called routine
sets return status
Primary Regs (assumed)
Uses:
All
number
preriously
specified
by HL.
Upon ccmipiet ion.
and the address on the [op
li
i)
l)
with Function
operat ion reof the stack.
ti
I)
Clear Stack Switcher
(: ·:x65)
!1
ii
Acid: "
to resume exec
in entry bank.
ii
ii
i)
Bank
"__=__—
l
i
to execute
set w,/F'n 32
in Alternate
(HL)
to
PíOS
Exit:
li
li
|í
None.
Execution
at acidr in HL in
No Registers
Uses:
||
resumes
entry bank
li
li
ii
i
_.
if',
This Funct ion
ent ry bank.
ii
ii
('
im
li
Function
I)
""
': xxb?
15
Enter: Hl
C
Í"(j"/"
u ",üc!
lr
Aá':
X-
beíire'i
jl
__"""__"
"_
banked
__
;'
CA
=
front
exits
error
--_- _ ___jr=."
I)
ciesireá bvte
NuT;be';"
Eani
Íl
li
i
=====:
Eíit:
A
Uses:
ÁF
""
6""""Function
I
l
li
"
HL
C'
35
_-
ft"o1":
= Aácir" of
= Desi red
Load
T'riiq i"uncíion gets,
ban!:
i s tenírc)ra: "'i
rem: oreci
Ic) cní ;"y
ijj"it"f áN'cc: s:'- t jí¡;:.'.
ii
I)
word
Numbet_
desired
Bank
I)
li
—Ji
a
ly
coriíii t itj'i: -,.
"": )
ii
jpq
r'l,
C: HL
li
if
,
,
specif ieci Flan!'. anti /\dcn"es"..
the access
(it requireú' ,
temporarily disabled dur irw
f rom
DE, (HL)
Exit:
DE
Uses:
af,de
= Word
A?
ternate
from
Bani-.
C: HL
the specified Bank and Address.
irí context for thtz accesg. l i i requi red) .
disabled durim
a: "e temporarily
!nterruj"ts
lló-bits
\"mrd
tcheá
s"ñ'i
""
"í"l":
t
t ii .'r.
tht--
li
"""
" (Xx6C)
"""""
i
4A
=_
byte
__
i
ii
ii
=
""
Bani-
"_
__
Alternate
tizt'
tú
__..!,
l' ¿.-'-7jlt: . "
Funcr io:
;-'é't:
í'roit tí\ta t";"íc
s"í':
í"
bani
i,¶ tenI!'<)raTij:
"iích-íi ::: CÍ-)[}tC?,t tCif
restored iq t)7íi"\" cQíÁi t iocí·-.
7ntc'rrupts arc'
brief' accc'>;"1 [ i!!i4'.
Enter":
'
from
to rütum
li
li
__
This
__"-_
Á,(EL\
LOáCl
incsí
roat
j
from
_li
I!
li
))
b'
i:
l,
TM'
t Mt"i
1J"j¿.
B/P
PRC'GF?AMM!!QG
ElOS
i
!
'
Function
r
37
"
!
(HL),A to Alternate
Byte
Exit:
None.
Number
at C: HL
Uses:
AF
(xx6F)
l
Bank
!l
HL = Adcir of Dest
C
= Desi red Bank
A = Byte to save
Enter:
Load
Byte stored at
C: HL
l
|!
and Bank.
The
This Function saves a Byte (S-bits)
to the specified Address
(
is terñporari ly switched in context for the access
if required j. thún
restored to entry conditions.
Interrupts
are temporarily disabled duriñ? the
brief access time.
bank
l)
Function
Load
(xX7Z)
3á
ii
I)
to Alternate
(HL),ÜE
Banj"
i:
.¡I
li
i
li
Enter:
DE
Hl
|l
C
l|
Fh-jj
= Word to Étoré at c:
)
Adár
cit
Word
Dest
=
i
E3.áñrí
Nu¶be!"
= Desireci
Exit:
None.
Uses:
AF
Word
C: Fii
stored at
l
i'
j!
:':
;i
—___
_
._
.__-_
,
—r=
—-
,_, , ._,
_ ._
,. _ , _ ,_
Acidresg:
í-mtj har#:
tc/ the yje'¿-if"i€'cj
iii> i"uu': 2 iori g;;y."g"g_, a 'L',jíj"j ', ¡'.\-ljiEt",l
i>.
teFll!)(")!"¿.i
bank
N;i" jT",'.": l'-'!íi'·i
i
o r t!:c ÁccéÁii
';j;' rt'¿!uijt: :{lj.
Ill ccmít'\"t
rt."-j',i"rL-\:
t'"" t':Ü.i"y c': mcí. ticm ,
¡p(€'! íams &1"(-- tenipc'rai"i!y ciisaiüeúi tiurin
"i
.
' . I
_
3'F'
)í_
¢í> '[l
-
Enter:
'"
_
Fu!' ctiQ'":
Noi"e
:'
--
Return
-—
--
li
!1
li
Exit:
Currer'rt
|i
Iunct
of
ran,c: i:
ljrc)?ran]'·}
Áll"i
— —--—
—-
-—-—
=====
Bank
in
Uses,:
in
;i
,)
Ccr: te>:t
-—---—-"—i
A = Bani'.
jl
(,k
This:
üic
'
G
lr—"_ -" _"_ _"_"
j)
I!
h: hurt
t
T
currently
Addi"
li
active
L'
i:
U. .7F"F'H
AF
l'
ft
li
returns. the jterííory Bank
U.. Hit!.
I'. nía': M useci in
'Lo
track nlerlj()r\" accesseá.
i,,
current ly
ÜJf"
"where
in Context in the adcire: 7:\
ani
I" role in appi i cat icrí
43
PFKY3R!\MM!NC-
£?,.'E'
BiOl
Bios
Data
Structures.
Area.
Conñguration
5.2
5.2.1
of the abi iit\" to tal Iq!" FS/i' Fsioses to your specific
opt'rating neecí.s is
of' data,
and
standardized
discrete
many
the
location
of
elements
a
to
change
and
easily
locate
oí
them
regardless
the
hardfacility to
particular
Bio"í
in operat ion.
ware platfortn
Function 3(), Return Bios Addresses. reports
the base address of the Configuration Area in the or register pair.
In this
and
section. we will review each of the specified elements, their functions,
supplieci
which part5 of the" clara ruust be rigidly controlled
insure
that
the
to
les continue to function. as well as guarantee the portability of othe: '
uti
Much
due
lit
programs
.
Bios ID.
CONFIG-6
Character String, 6 bytes.
This character string .MUST bezin with the three characters "B/F' in [}ppcrc&: ,t-'
As cjí Ida rclí
Ascii . fol lowed by three \"ers;ior!-br)ecji"ic identifying
characters.
-:
1993,
the foiiowinz" icií'nz ifier: hm'c' been assitzrm! 'Iq systems:
"B/P-YS"
"B/P-AM"
"B/P-18"
"B/P-CT"
"B/P-TT"
"B/P-XL"
YAS!M."
j-.
t íú T3üarí! }¿)()
SF-lSü
'\l}cro!Yllnt
tjompu ,/] iriíc' S íÓ() Marcí Set
it
¡\R"ír'!"L"'
itjc'tck
intei i,zcnt
l
corripuíc'r
L)esign>
Sj-í\ij>'.j
Byte.
the
iai ciL'l"jr}íri(]r. of the byte pla'n'ci ¿if ot í·,t t. .'; (ji)
\\"íii c-K jj;
i i.)'.! i
('Hi',' l!! : du: int' a ('o j cl iSc\íj\ á!"lC! (i€'teÍmli!€'sí
t l"ít
t he' Lsau.c' f"ác!c
M¿Áñ "' !'i"
the C on.sol t' , ,^,ü."\ } l ií:
cic'í' iné-'d c'hm": i i c': u.' cit"\"j ¿-tj :-;J ',', i i j Dc tise:
¿t".
-cl]..írl,L'L't!
'Flitctc\"ic: é".
(itj't au U ,°Á-'t L inµ my he' a! tered h;." FSi'('"\"!'C7
e i"
'.i) ]"t- i'
cit'\'i cc" ccv\i)i µuríu zon'-.. c'r 1'\" re¿zssL"'T;í]) 1\" (: ', hc ¡s Iq-,.
dL'j"il"!l[j(3!1~
The'
iri tíÍis\ 1".)lc Ui"t:
1OBY"ÍE.
CONF1G+O
This byte contain"
init
r'"
!cíi
i
i
bit
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
l
2
1
O
i
[
Console Device
Auxiliary
Input Device
Auxiliary
Output Device
Device
Printer
Drive.
This byte containg, th't c!ri'ic which 'Á"i ii
'Lo
S\"s.térñ
assumed
contain the ODeraEinµ
CONF }G+1
O.
4t3
is
=
--
Byte.
System
]...F'
=
IS.
l'tt
bu
acces,süd
files.
It
aftür a CoRi Fsaot CiñC
is ?1 binary ralut' wherc
.i -",
.g". =
B/P
mos:
CONFIG+2
pRm!2AMM!k!c
-
Option
Flag: m
oÍ' ir]cii\_id'ja!]\"
mapped
Rios:
The' bi t,':
in the asst·nibleci
wi thout
prior cocü"d inat ion wi rh
wi th planned enhancements.
The
Byte.
Bios
This hrre consists
act ive
defined
coMí icts
.
7
Bit
6
5
4
3
2
1
which áisplar which cpzions art'
bits
l
isted, as should not be
tCÍ
deu"e!opers
precluck'
the system
is
def'ined
bvte
currentlv
as:
.
O
I
O =
Unbanked
1
=
Banked
O =
Bank
1
·
Bank
1
=
1
·
Bios
in RAM
O = DPBS
Fixed
O
ALV/CSV
in TPA
·
< reserved >
Bios
in RCN
DPBS Assignable
ALV/CSV
in Bank
(ZSDOS2)
firc
The next
hyícs:
define the memory riiap of a banked s\'stéñi
in 321:
For a complete desci"jDtiQ[} of' bank allocations.
please refer tcj Section 4.
non-bani: ecl sys: tí'rn-..
be st't tcí (}.
ai l excc'pí the RAM Drive Bank sMu!d
Í"c4 re-axsi;zríntent aA a RAM
¿f\"ái i,'ít'ñtthis: byre a.'"
no n}ellit: j1"\"
should be ;,ít--t tu t).
siictj'í.
al!
drire.
ii
CONFIG+3
This
User
-ref"lecú
T1\"[e·
CONFIG+4
This, i-\\"t
cicicir"t:
the
Bank.
y; í-fjt;
It'
!
f
u't:
l
i
Byte.
riunihc-r
Fi: íñl-
reserí"ed for
L"í,er
ictit
Appj
iQÍás.
TPA Bantt.
Byte.
re!" jtj·gz .4 t iít.' Ts:zn?. nul}1!"")Ú :" reqc-r\'¿"d
for úhc" Trans'. icnt !'rQgI¿"jl: í Ál"': a in
c:
I! !"iC
"."- I"¿íAL'tn(:I"l'il¿íll\'
riur'.ilx"í"
l).
sequent la! bank
ñc\
he'
f- ,';j"7 p
I)z'
('
¡\j"t,Ü'
¿"; i "\";'¿'"',
'"'"" 'L
oí
¡i";
] n
'
! ¿jrµ"'"
a(i("1rt"'-"
("cmt
omnion
n
t
t
rum
is
i
.
;"jj{)()'. .i!"' t'!! ¿;;j,j í': mri. ::" t i:. " .7Cj'¿j!. }')l" S: \"6tE'íÍí. F\icu anü P /.-Sy>i€'í: : 1ai_ucs.
--
e
."íi!"i!.
i
CONF ¡G-t-S -- SYStem
Élan 1<.
i
Th ;i }"'\ú f' I"C'!)í.·/'[j
SPÚCÑI ju'j 1"()1" t: íc S·\"st¿'líj
'lit
CONFIG+6
Thi s trjú:
It
iS
cont
i
CONFIG+7
Byte.
Parí
RAM Drive Bank.
!t,'c t x ttí·j :-ítár'
-
c:
l
Ui.ü
á'\"¿;
:
l:th!t
i
Maximum
Bank
nlj: '1}"'t' r
fí¿¿' ': -
- ref
as $Uñlt-".:
f!üOúu anj
^
l
7..Aú!
cY)ní"¿jL]')in:
any
¿1"jül
íülc"!
:i,xi
::
.
Byte.
irw iuní:
froin tÉi s
!-
ii: " ii
KA.'$
nuníMr
imri!:
Pr i\"€ .
table' fc'r usc'
trlrQuszn
tne Ma):in¡'jI!í:
á\"c:
i
cit a
banÉ
Number.
!: :A!\:
!j'r !',"t .
k"umlx';" i:
Byte.
This byte reflect: - the j"lu[I"l|)t: r Qt' the' last available
In manr systems. it I}íay bc set to different numbers
RAM
chip> instal!t^ci 11'! the symem.
CONFIG+8
tn: ecuíaMt'
bank oÍ'
depenc]jr)?
RAM
on
the sys: tení.
the number Of
jTl
Common
Page
This hytt' reflecrs, the
fui Jy comply with the
rííade somewhat
needed.
CONFIG+9
fÚíiÑ byit"
F)j
us
.
Base.
Byte.
base
Page' of" the Common area in systems
which cío nut
32E.
M: ±mory
Banking architecture
of í3/P Bios. but can 1)ü-'
conípí i¿1nr .
This Ryte rrtust be AT LEAST 80!1. but may be hipher if'
DPE
Size.
- cc}n[ai11"
Sina.'
ns'rc'
Byte.
lensñ: h
inf'ormt jí;q;
íñc'
C.!
:
>
bisk
Parap]L"rer
Fí!ocÉ. i:
neecieci than
the IS hyttíí:
! ',locations
defined
wichin rhc'
by íjigiLc"í!
47
PROGRAMMING
B/P
Research
in CP/M 2.2.
Parameter data should
an ex"ten,ied
format is used.
use this byte to deterniine
Alf re-assignments
the size of records.
ol
BIOS!
i)isk".
Byte.
of DPBs in Common RAM.
DPBs in System
Bank..
Byte.
of
of Floppy 'Disk formats arm lbytes indicate the complete complement
able within the Bios.
In most cases, one of these two bytes will reflect a
Parameter
with
Disk
value
Blocks resident either in the Cornrüon
zero
ali
area
however
The provisions
with these two
or in the System Bank.
are available.
bytes to split the definiUons
for custom versions without voidinµ thú support
tQois provided.
CONFIG+1O
CONFIG+11
These
two
-
CONFIG+12
CONFIG+14
These
twü
to first Common
- Pointer
Pointer
to first Banked
words
poim to the firsr
Number
Number
Word.
Word.
thc-
DPB.
OPEL
list
ljPi9 in a sequential
vcithir.
banks
for Disk Parameter Blocks defined in the precedinµ
meinory
be a Null
pointer ((J'j()(/til
In most. cases one cñ' these' tv: o word: t v\'i
sponding to no elata as descriheci in the count byte," abore.
tive
li
respc'cbytes.
corro'--
CONFIG+16
String.
Initial Startup Comrríand.
be
1"hir
on a ('oÉcl Mc't.
sñrinst cL)tíLain>
tije t'írm coniniand xhich
7
Fufíer cief'inc"d
in the F.nri ronmnt
t i " ioadt'ti into
the Vu j t i pI €" (-'QRlHlar)(i
of' the specified
Qi
and cal!> a
í.St-t 5.Z.4l
name with a type'
' t.'O;j"
:'ht.{jI}::
hare un to eiphr characters
anA must be !\ul l-tc'rUnateci
Thu
tíiay
.
i€'ñcí íi"nh a F·Jnary
ñ). Tííe sjrinsz is defined a:'.:
-
will
initiatc'íl
file
ikscripíor
of Characters (Ü..8)
bvtes to" Ascj characters íusuaily Uppercase)
Null (binary O)
Terrrñnating
Number
Byte
String Byte
-
93
Word.
PoinÉer
CONFlG-i-26
to Environment Descriptor.
v\"ñi '::'rí
e>: tent1ed
7.34
'.j: . 9jJ"
!in\"ironDÍt:
cñ
byte'
This: VY"Oñí point"
an
thc
to
XX()C)i!
j
':
Set-'
becñ !7 on a Pázti: hcunciarr
Section 5.3.! fen" a complete d¿'xcrir.
FS/F'
r)Us.cri!jí(2r
and
Éñ\"i
the
ronníent
bios uniquü teatu: u:s.
of
tiQñ
-
nl
first
CONFIG+28
Byte.
éanked User Flag/6ank Number.
ísajíf.
I'st-'r
I)c uscm aí, a
ñí7í\'
Thi 5 !'iytc:
ñc\t
a
whether
indicate
to
ar
bt-'
bank
(.'
u.seíi ¿'jg. a Liser
by decree Qt the syster!:
bank
clef iñ€'ci.
c'annc't
Thet"etorém
this: byte contains a binary O, no User Rank is
thorm
-
fkií'
CONFIG+29
This word
Area
,
if
:-
au-
avail-
if
able.
:
to Start of Banked
- Pointer the
address
of the
User
Word.
Area.
available byte in the Banked User
first
"í.
into the User Bank should contain a
Routines loaded
and provide a prirüs'tructure to link sequential programs
t"unct ion.
n1ana?eInent
COñtáM<
one' é?Ást:
RSX header
standard
l ire n}errior\'
Byte.
Megahertz.
-níust contain the
to the nearest Megmhertz.
1his byte
processor speed rounded
arid uti ity pro?ranis
sot"tít"are
used
application
in
to
be
[irilir)g
loops
It may
appro: íiniaíi- [ iútt.'.
and
ho.st
wpc'ed of
CONEIG+31
CPU
Clock
Rate
in
j
1)\'
adapt
48
to the clock
the
coniputer
provide
an
l3/P
This
PFKT:
BIOS
byte'
:
is
vchich
prograrus
"c"f¡ectt'ci in
are 7-Systení
T.)z:
scrirtor
Enrironnitnt
"ar.arc' .
the:
Additional Wait State Requirements.
This hytt: is "nibbÍe-@1¿ípp€"(i"
to reílec't the number
s.z.m
(.SaCé
RAMMiPiG
as
ft"'j'
Vyg·|]
Byte.
nt'í-ded
CONFÍG+32
of
to: "
stare:
memory
accesses
these funct ions can
In the
set via software.
JO
ZSO,/Zl8(),
have one wait state
inserted within the processo: ".
port accesses
This byte does not account
fcr this fact. and reflects wait states 11\' ADDIT'ÍOY
TO
For older processors such
any which are built into the hardware.
as tht'
ZSC: '.
ef
thc.ze
hm'e
t'ect since additional
wait states must bu
no
bytes no7"nlí-lj iy
added wi tb haTd"A'¿ire .
anti
CONFIG+33
when
JO
-
Timer
Reload
wai [
',
be
Word.
sQf"TK'are-conf'iµuI"cLrt]':
Value.
.'
sr'stewm Interrupts
or Tinier values are set by
inít-'rs.
the ]()-|")_i t value at this locat ion is reserved for sett im'
t
the [ imt'r \"á lúe and 1Ilá\" be "t irte tuned' to aikw the syNten] to rüaintain cor--Qt clock frequenci.c's which may dc'i"iate frcmi
rect t"iiae in thc' prt>crj¿'{dtl'l i.>í
i"requenci es ñeí"utúí Í(j!" acc'üraU-' ñoCÉCÁ.
In
níany
c:ountdov\"n
LONF lG+35
Disk: Physical Parameters.
oi' Í()üi" 5-M"u-tmtries-,
. cÉ'fine'ci
Ciú\"e>.
'.ach C'ñíT\"
'y
Tlíi: tai.lt' con>i",^
Flopj:
-,
fc'ci"
!-'l"ly'i¿'rtl
Byte
O
-
i:
r'i"(}"\-ici'-'·í
Bit
7
6
1"("!"
Mt: -,t'
5
4
3
2
1
O
I
i
t
i
i
!j)p¡j
ñ\"Zt:
.
i3i
Table.
which conrain
as:
t
Disk Size 0OO=Fixed
O = Single-Sided,
< reserved>
O = Motor A1Hays
O =
300
RPM
Max
mapped
in!orniat
ton
OTi
Ur'
1('8
a:,,:
Disk,
1
=
On
1
=
Speed
1
·
001=8", 010=5.25",
Double-Sided
Motor Control
360
RPM (8" &
011=3.5"
Needed
HD)
< reserved>
Byte
Byte
Byte
Byte
1
2
3
4
--
SF¿'í;
l!í ail
- ik:
!\"uIíll")t'j_
-
ij
in
kit
i..oi"zíi
t'r}j(}aíl
cji
Those
bi'ñ>
iri Fiyíe
byte'
pro\"icic'7
the'
1
Ri'Í
J; lsec'(")n{: .6.
i i íseconds..
iri m
Thin'
irí níilIis.econc]Á.
raci:i: (l \"} ináem ) on drive
'r.i
Hi'f
.
are listed as unused must be set to U since íhíi
inir la! value stored in the XDPH when assipnab le drives ¿iú.
\4"hic"l2 do not need
used.
For c'ontroAcrs
the available
i.nforrrtation
(e'.?.
cío
Western
biNza!
controllers
not need Byre 3), these values rriav bt^ set to
any artntrarr
\"áiüc'. but JÍI ST remain presúnt in the structure to prtn"tu:r
changingt
CONFIG+55
This tiñ: t'
subsc'guent
- Motor
be'
L)
'ñ"hich
adcires"jst: :",.
On Time in 1/1Oth
Seconds.
used
in sonie rypt's of F'lopgc"
Byte.
Disk ccmtrojlers
to keep 'íhtrríotoí"s
spinnimt'hc for a specii"ied time after the last access
drire
to avoid
cIt-"
Some controllers.
lavs in brim ins:
syindie ud to speed.
notabb" tht:
\\'e'snerr
T'isÑta! !"ü: .x and 19xx series io not support this feature.
In thiu
z"l"ic'
C'á'·t¿'.
Íj\"! e }}}¿}\" M sei. tu am" arbi
írary value. bin MUSÍ" i"emin prese"n't .
I1tá\"
49
PROGRAMMING
B,/P
BIOS
Byte.
confíg+56 - Motor Spinup Time in 1/1Üth Seoonds.
be
imposed
13ios
before"
by
inp to
This time is thc delay which will
mneiñpt
the
when
.stopped
acces.s
a Floppr" ijisk drive
it senses that the motor is in a
F'rouidinµ such a delav will minimize the probability of" data
condition.
corruption H)\' m"itim-- to disk which is rotatinp at the incorrect speed.
Maximum
Number
of Retries.
Byte.
be made on a Floppy Disk
the number of" attempts which
before returning an error code.
access
In sorne cases. such as diaznostic
be
programs,
may
desirable to set
value to l to
soft errors,
\4e
attertipt. but succeed on a subsequent
or ones which fai l on the
.recommend a value of 3 or
based on our experience.
Larger values may resul t
!onµ, delays when errors are detected.
in inordinately
CONFIG+57
This byte specifies
will
it
this
first
identify
try.
j
CONFIG+58
This Word
when uxed.
Pointer to Interrupt Vector Table.
-contains
the address of the base of
CONFIG+60
-
Word.
an Interrupt
Vector Table whicñ.
The precise definit ion oí"
to se.i"rice routines.
the table is nen stanLiardi7e(! and niay vary considerably bctween
systenc,. Thi s
method
Ljr}i\"
proríc.ic'
and
of loca': ing the:
standardized
an easv
poiníer serré"
to
of'
sejl'\"l¿'ey)
table for Te-def'?nit1Ün
or system features.
n'
ccmcains
po}nteTy)
SCSI Controller
tht.' \'\'iát'st
ac: coRini(7(i¿1[€'
Byte.
T ype.
varieíy
rnc)(j¿'is.
byte is deíineá
mode l be jñ,? u.mí'c! .
Iii lllCiST Cá: -:t'7.,
the: íiios:
but may hm €- >icnií"icanr
[:ser-(ie\"el()!)€'("i
Lit tÚílC'S.
or
ed with the authcirs tCj in,Fuj"L
'haz
thu
sasj
,
f'unct ion.
O
l
2
3
4
5
5t)
-
Arj
nrrent '1ti'ir]iliol)g
0\'\'
di i Íe'rent cont rol
containing: a byte
this byte has little'
úf'fects orí Hard bisÉ.
adí!iuons Tl) ti"íj$ íal>!t"
suI)poTI'
ihc s.tanciarí!
qÍ'
Íél"g
a: i
¿j['s-';
should btutil ii ie"
!
Ada!"'t¿
Xe'!)'--:
:"'
Semtme
Shuz'art"
SnÁiI"-E
C
A'
Ft-4[}"l!'i.!
j4l': ).-\/h!"}'d£",:i!"t
i(fl¿:
-·)
:s.í\.$3!j
SC'S
t
S("'SÁ
m '"'--l
í: ':e",": e
!
(Mu
(_'(jl"lnf·'!
it"tü'í l
.
l.)uanLuR:
sÁ!hs{'T
aria
l
]Y(¿"¿ítC\í'
includín>" Illt' oitic'r
cocie to the' s,pc·cjf'ií
.it" any étft"í't
'¥{'i¿i]!f:
Diagno: _-t !c pr(')µ["¿¿!: i:-}.
dr i\'t': ·: ,t
c'()c)rL:
c'cir:
i
!!l,¿".j: j'.jc [.('
El/P
PROGRAMMING
BIOS
Table.
Hard Drive Physical Parameters.
Hard
physsicál
9-Fíc're
entries defininµ up io three
This rabie comists: of three
considered
le the SCSI definition allows for more units, three
bri \"és.
pI
needed,
CONFIG+61
V\'hi
veas
ease
contact
ional dr ives are
for rrtout system.
Cjt'
them
without inval idat ing any of t iii
including
the authors for methods
Each of' the three entries
is defined as:
standard utilities or interfaces.
It"
adequate
Bit
7
6
5
L.opical
and
Byte - Physical
4
3
addi
2
i
O
I
l
I
t-
Address
as:
1IIB reserved for Host)
Physical Device (OOO-I10B,
< reserved>
NOT Present,
1
O = Drive
· Drive Present
(OOO-111B)
Number
Logical Unit
for controllers
drives
capable of handling multiple
Number of" Physical Cylinders on Drive
Nuníber ot Usable
Physical Heads on Drive
indc-r
Surüber
tfyi
to bepin Reduced #"rire Current
Kurííber
("'\'j inCkr
ion
to be3in Write Preconípensat
Step l·: ate.
This bvte rnay either be an absolute rate in :iiS
cock' l")abe[i on control ier-specific'
definí t ion,".
Word
Byte Word
Word
Byte -
()1"
¿:
nú'nc'r
cant 1'"cí] )e'ts. the la: 'ñ three items ríiay noi jj¿"¿\"t' át!\"
:\1s·,o
tñü\"
in
cas'tLIiñ j";g' sot
ralut'.
to any
iri ñc'i\'ti"
c'h¿"¡.: ¿íctc?ri:Dí
nuníi_)c'r
of
such
rhú
Úi"i\t""\.
rhysic,l!
cy¡in(ÍL-!"j áñii !iL'az"y
as the
lC3
\"¿1 I\k'9.
tfíz-' (i!"]\_c· eicctron !cñ Vi·'l th re-lIlaprecl
rtiay bí" h]c: (jt'n \\i ÚÜe
p]"()\" itieú! u"
hi.'
S: i
t,'
.'V:
.
£'n: ;_iesL.
j¿j
iás>t
j
1"
\"
¿f[
thrct-'
ccmúnands
[
cunt rol tf
i: "
íi'ith tht'
toU: ,
\
.
P)
Ñ
4c
;
!UC
rÁrí:'}
.'\
iitr
\
a
r:
\"
L
>JL" t
.\.
t iC"
t li
t I"ái
Ut:
va
.
[(:
T
For
many
tíít'an:
!jl,?
c't"
tht'
'F\"hi¿'!]
arbitrary
(Reserved Bytes).
CONt' lG-r&!
! 1"u.'
j1\-tc".
resiúr': ed for füturt"
?,[é
eµ: t'¿i:1'-,
iü:
i.
Table.
I)e1íniticms.
Device
F)/1-'
i>,ti:
tííort-(S-P'vte
vc'rsi(}1}y,
oí
1)!!" tahie cÜñj
Íozu or
l(7-b\'te
in
íg
t':
Each enti""c
t::í'.l ñú-:·',¿ bu' tt.i"¡!'t!n,"¿¿c(] 1)\" a Xui! (binary Zero) byu-".
tit'
dt'f"ine . tl'íi' !7FÜÍ!t' ¿2'"j: Í c'!)¿¿!"¿qLt€'1"i.s! ics O!' a character dtu"icc' in tht.' S\".5téñi.
TOfñ'Tij- as tht'
r: -ñ !ü7jj cU" t M:5±' á}"t-' cl ' reci iy ami Jabie for se iect. ion m" tÍ_t£'
c!L:
t"ined and exchar]?t"z":
('U!]: i¿)!c'.
Au: ':i
Cnher
y ](") arC F·']'Ln[e!'.
entries ínay be
ii"'u.
i
rnakü
The entries
tCj
with tb.:
lour iq
tMñi accessible
the system.
are
d': "f irícj as:
CONí' !G+9
i.ií
3
-
Character
prií'r
Árics
i
fj
iiáj
String Byte
t\scii
Four
-Bit bata
7
6
character
capabilities
Kate
5
4
Écanie
3
2
1 O
t
I
I
I
Current
Maximum
0000
=
None
0001
E
0100
=
150
0101
M 300
1000
=
2400
1001
1100
=
38400
1101
134.5
COMl,
as:
PJOl,
NULL,
etc.
as:
Data Rate Setting
Rate Aval jab)e (Bits-per-Second)
0010
=
50
0011
0110
·
600
0111
=
9600
1011
=
115200
1111
=
4800
1010
·
76800
1110
·
·
as:
75
1200
=
19200
=
Fixed
Al
m P
PROGRAMMING
B/P
- Configuration
Byte
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
defined
lWte
2
Stop Bits,
Parity,
Odd Parity,
B-bit Data,
1
g
No
1
=
1
=
1
O =
No
XON/XOFF,
1
O =
No
CTS/RTS,
·
·
1
=
1
=
1
=
·
O =
O =
O
=
O =
Device
Device
O =
NOTE:
as:
1 O
O
NOT
NOT
Input,
Output,
Byte
Data Mask.
Bit-mapped byte
- Input
bytes read from Device Input.
Byte
Bit-mapped byte used
- Output Data Mask.
bytes before being output to device.
Po;nrer
Character Output routine.
- Pointer to
Status routine.
to
Output
Pointer
Charac'ier
Input routine.
to
Pointer to Input Status rourine.
Word
Word
Word
Word
used
Stop Bit
Parity Enabled
Even
Parity
7-bit Data
XON/XOFF
control
Enabled
CTS/RTS
Control Enabled
Device can be read
Can
Write Device
1
To
lopically
ANb
to lo2ic-ally
AND
with
with
-
last
Ílhe
prior to
l
.
Disk
5.2.2
BIOS'
i,
four pointers
L)ut.
were
accessed
are not at these Iocaüons
bu a pointer
returned bv
in
Bicis
b/F' bios \"e"rsjc)n";
Funct iorí
i(í.
Header.
Parameter'
logi cal data structure
required t"oj each
1ti2
conir'at
bi
Svstem.
operat
'
^
It consi»ts of a
series of eight poin[c'r.x which contain addresses oÍ other i'tems needed by the
The Address
Í)í),s as we] j as sonie scratchpad spacc.
of the IJPH associated v\'íi tlí
aÜct:
the'
l-iios,
by
a
s±'ie'cÍion \\"itii M(""3
a successiui
piven cirrve is returnee!
r
g.
!Í' Errors occur ciurim' selection.
Function
or the drive does not exis't. a
((")ÜQC}li)
3'uli Pointer
is returned.
The
di sk
ijisk
F'm
di"i'i"e
caníerer
1ii a
Header
lDí'il} iü
a
ií_'íe
(" F"/M
sk
four bytes. {.Ci each !")Í-'5
bicm. it was necessary
to add an additional
anci
Jogic'ai paraníeiers a',
inforrím ion on physical
which contain addiricmM
adci"it ional
These
wel I as Í' lag inÍ'orrlía[ ioi"i.
bytes art" rc-ferrU ic) as the'
µJ..)P!l.
Whi le similar
Lx[end€'c}
ljP!í,
iri concept
iq the extension ackiect tú
or
Xl)Pf1
The
CP/M 3, the implementation
prepenck the DF'H and níay bt
is different.
1tis?
a
accessed
As
m' decrement
in Es/l'
convention. DPHu
the returned address.
.
code'
have
Filos
for specific
reserí'tA ce rtairí label sequences
types of
source
for HarC Drive'
uní t s wi th [)PH0(.l-L)PH49 used fc: r Floppy Dr ives , l)pF!5(j-DpH8g
Part it ions and DPH9()-D,PH99 for KAM L'ri'ces.
For
FS/P
-i
ent ire DPH/XOP: block is required for each losíical drive in a F3/i'
whi
le scme pointers, such as the pointer to the Directory Buffer,
syst ení.
oÍ" drives,
be conirríon across a numbc'r
the other i[elns
for most systerñs,
unicjue
point
to
areas.
An
The
lion
52
bPH/XOF'll
'.
].)rc)gr(Lin:
k
c'
lem"nt s
are:
ag
inde: tc-.i
froiü
the
ÍJPH
addresses accessibi
e
bios,
may
will
u' apri ica-
B/P
PR(X'RAMM!!'!C
BIOS'
Format
DPH-4
a Zero
c'hangeci.
Flag.
Lock
- value indicates
th:"n the formar of the disk is
ví'a>
It" IÍK? FSicr'.
assenúAeci
with the Auto-select
oí" ciif¡'er¢gR[
a number
tormats in order to
f"i>: ed.
Byte.
but
níay I)lnot
option. the Bios will
scan
identify the disk.
If a ÜFfi'i
value is placed in this byte. it indicates that the format is fixed and cannot
be chan;zed.
This is noníal ly rhe case for RAM and Hard disk drives. as v\éi i
as for alien
floppy formats wMch hare been selected in the emulation mode.
It" the .4üto-select
M the hios,, a! i
opt ion was not chosen durinp assembiv
Floppy bis!: drives will also hare a 0FF"H byte in this position show'insz thzt
the formats cannor be chan?ed.
DPH-3
Disk Drive Type.
Byte.
the'
This M"te is bit niappcd and contains flags indicatinp
many parameters ot
drive.
ijor Flopp': brivt's. this byte contains a copu of the first hyte in tht
Physical !jrire Table (See S.2. I, ('Ü\'l"[G+35 j with the two reserved bytes s:c·t
Th.tí
durin;z ti't drirc scíe'í-i icír n: "c)c€'!z5.
byte is then defined a",:
Drive ÍVPe Byte
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
O
1
l
l
Disk Size O0O=Fixed
Disk, 001=8",
1 =
Single Sided
O = Single
1 =
Step Drive
O z Motor Always On
1 =
O
Max
Speed
rpm)
1 =
5.25" (300
·
O = Doub7e
1 =
Density
O 7
Tc'r
lian:
iq ai
!
i l.'i >k. !"-'{: t¿ ': t :(')!'!>,
::er{".:' iníiicm inz'
an'f
li
]" iu:
t ht' !': .áY
eci T.'ri\"c-:
i'ü\"€".
tvpe.
íhiu
tn"te
010=5.25", 011=3.5"
Double Sidéd
Double Step Drive
Drive Motor Control Needed
8" & HD Max Speed
(360 rpm)
Single Density
is
nm
used
aíU
is
:
'tt
DPH-,?
Threc
Byte.
- Driver llj Numt)er.
A. Zc'rü
Driver 7"rpt'.s art' üs'i: d irí z'he t/Ásic lí/l' IÑüs conÍiguraticm.
\"Áíúz·
di i\"í r, wit!_i other values used
ind}catc'j- a .\'c)/}-L-{!btL'r}t
to direct disk acct"r'f_'S
ciel inüci (jr1\'f :"
!basic
to tñc' rL'sl)<"c't i\"t-' CQCit: - ar'l'j"o;'I"iale To the de'."ice.
y
eú: í:-Á
Ice"
;C)i'i':
S'
i
!".'i'ú:
Ha-rt!
S!
typeq
Disk via tlie
interface (2). anci 1·:A".'
ii i.
hií,É:
(-"l,'.
é-Y'.c'ñci
inc:
yot'
\'\'!2!1
this: rabie to
to
;j
lwie ta]io!"eji dr_i\"['7": ',.
please CQñ"jüi t \\'i "t!' TÍ"il' áú'j'jo!"s
tí" preclude' possible
confi ictÁ wi tij pianm"·: i
exteris icm>,.
DPH-1
Byte.
- Physical Drive/ünit Number.
This byte con[a]j).b Ült.· Physical Di"ive or Unir Xtnnbt'r
hosr.in;-' int: io;z ic,i:
drive.
l-or Floppy [)l"i\"es'., this \'\'iii usually be in the ransze of O to 3 to: "
Hard
cir i\'eÁ
ni: 'iy
have
tour drivc's.
several 1)Píls shariríz t"he same physi cal
cíi"i\"é numhúr.
whi it: tizi>, iiic'id is ignored in the sinszje
RAM
drive supported 1!1
the distrihution Fi/i' ijio\, \"ffrsion.
NOTE:
The
f"ieid.s to
rt"m: 'r':e.ü
Cié' i
lñt'd.
?'ííysi cal í)rive X"uuiber byte for Hard Mives is comprised
hand!ln.£'
Up to seven
of S'.'SI cierices.
devices (device
(:
each
!'!cr'í
on}}'urÚr)
U!'i1t>.
hm"inµ u]' id :"i J..ozic'a!
tor Iñc
ease
Tnt'
i".\"íj
C
j",
cí"üji l'"ú'"'¿yf
of
11!8
niízy
¿¿"-;
53
[\4"(\
jg:
hc'
PR(Xí!L1MM! rm
Ehysic.a7.
7
Bit
Orí
ve
4
3
5
6
Wp mo":
Numt2er
2
1
O
1118
Physical Device (OOO-11OB,
reserved
O = Unit
1 = Unit
Not Available,
Active
(OQO-111B)
Logigal Unit Number
DPH+O/1
Skew
for
Host)
Word.
Pointer.
pointer to the Skew table indicator.
It rarely is used
and RAM drives.
It" the bios
but is required in Floppy Disk drives.
was assembled
using the Calculated Skew option, the address is of a Byte whose
absolute value indicates the numerical value of skew (normally in the ran,tze O!"
1
to 6) used for disk accesses. This terní is often replaced with Interleau: ',
Í'(.)t
and is synonymous
this purpose. IÍ' the value of the by[e is neµatiui'. it
sectoi"":
means
that the
are recorded in a skewed forní on thc di sk and thar
be seq'-íc·ntia!
If" the value is positive.
Reads
and \Ú"i tes shI-7ljl(j
then an
.
leo
a
thin
cc'níputc
pírrsical sector number based on the jes: rt'ü
aigori
is cal
to
assembled
For .svstenís
ioYi ca i sectcj" and tiit' skew factor.
without calculated
skev: . thiq vmrci point> to a tahle of" up tO 2(j bytes which níust be indexed v,"ith
the clc'."-i retl T'hys ica! Secror number (O. .Maximurü Sector Number i ro obtain ti\t
(: orrUspon("lln?
!'is: k ,Sec: [Qr nu[l"l|)U'r.
This word
for Hard
Table
- contains
a
i
DPH+2
These
value"
Dos Scratch WOrds,.
-threú '.mrciz
át"E a'."ai iahíe tut the
arc a46i?rtcj.
DPH+8/9
This word
U')ú
are
Directory EuiÍer Pointer.
- p¢.)intj,
Ii)
i: " -!"';"te L)am
¿j
It is us&Áj\"
F)\"
'jot"
n]E'aninoq
tjo">
a
in
cc)n!nlt"?;"i
nornmt
t
u
art!a
usu'.
a.i
l
ioj"
3 Words.
ño':
to use' a>
the dátci "U"rru¢
it
recµire'
Uíere o;"
\"(1
.
am"
fj'€úi
\"CííúÚ.
Word.
that
N'i:":- in a
are: í
i.s
used
systc'ni
tor ['lrecLc\r\" sú¿: !"c':!'£::
is irec:ue·nt ly upd,ítt'ci
.
and
pararrmíc'rs
cj
Sect ion S .2. .'i
share DPB de!
Word.
tjjf"
ciara
íhe loszica!
",trucrure which derails mm"
to
led
¿]"1\"é
is
dctai
in
tnc' seic'cteci
structure
or
[.)1"i\'eµ. oí' the' sanie type" anci logical
bt'lo'ñ .
con!'i2urat io:z F:i't"."
i n
",, so
the DPt-s
is nor uncorrimon to
dif"terent
!'F'H
structurtw
DPH+12/13
This word
-points
DPH+1O/1I
'!'his worcí
-poinrs Pointer.
another
DPEI
partition.
it
iríition:
Disk
pointing
Buffer.
scratch R-"\'ij
t(: )
the
its
find
same
Word.
Checksum
to a
to detect disk: chame:',.
br ive,s, and is disabled 1)\"
!)Á\_CS,
Foj" F ]Qpr\"
drives.
buffer area for ren}ovable-rhc:
feature is used only
ining a Zercz word (()()()01! j
-\ormliy this
enrrius
cannot
sectori
dr
(12x-hyte
bú
It should
shat"tcl
he
aniong
RA
conta
a PAY area v\'itñ one
is neec!úd (See 5.2.3,
i\'€-g.
that in a ful
i'í placed in the
ncnt'd
but fur
p1"oFTal)i: "
arplica[iQns
Checkst'uí
poiníet"
area.
.
I3"
dri\'e.q use: 'l
for E Loppy Disk:
for Hard anti Rt\7'!
byte fur erery four directcnu'
DPH+I1/12). This scratch areci
Fí/P Filos
Banked
system
Bank
and not direct
System
c}ia
with
Ly
ZSLXj'SZ,
accessible
triú
tn"
PROGRAMMING
BIOS'
B/P
(AL-V)
Word.
BufTer.
- Allocation Vector
points to a bit-mapped butter containinsz ont bit for each allocation
A "'}" bit in this buffer
Ülé
(See
5.2.3. DPF$+5/rü.
sub,iect cij-i\'é
DPH+14/15
This word
block
on
meam
tQ a
each
rhar
cnrrespondinp
rhe
while a "U"
logical driue arid
file.
means
cannot
block of data on the device is already alloc¿lLe(]
This buffer is unique to
that the block is free.
be shared amonp drives.
noted üíat in a fully Banked b/P Bios systew with ZSbOS2, the .Aj-\'
accessible by app! icaBuffer is placed in the Svstem Bani: and not direc'tly
SinceALV
buffer is frequent iy needed to COIhf'áccé8s
t ions pro?I"anis.
to the
7,SbOS2
ciÜi\€'.s.
contains an added funct ion to return ciijj.
ute tree space on
Usinµ
i
this caí allows applicat ions access
free space.
to the inforniation
uithout directlv acce3sins?
the data structure.
It should
be
Disk
5.2.3
Block.
Parameter
|'aT"at!]c[c'r"
íiloO lT-'F-'Fn ii-, a ciara structure defined by bi,Ntai Re: -,'-É¿"í:"í:li
y1 whí C!"í
cic'i'
(-'}',/:
ineú,
the- iogica j cónfig,urat ion of' StO1"áfzé on 1ÍlélSÑ
for
s[ora?€'.
has hec-'n
éxpa.ndeci
in Fi/l" Hio: í to include adciiuonal inforníarion to provick
enham eci
capahi ! i ty.
The expans ion is referred
i ¡€fz ib: j i t\" ami
tCj as rht
FA"ten("1c'(-i
I)Pi' Cj!" XÍ'v!-s. ancl r're!jen{js the actual L)PB structure.
jhc' address O!
lic·
from
!Í":
by
!'!-'ií
czincuneci
the'
bt"pi
ene
.i\"
pointer returned
the Bios err Dos
i.(: )e'L-'tiÍ.7t"|
1)PFSS
a
abo'."új.
the'
Corüníon Memory area
reside in
All
Cet' $.2.2
avc-.i Aíhic [t"' aj': " ! i cat j ün: -. protzranis
and ai"eBanked
whether in a
or ljnbanke(}
'the
[!)¢?
>: iíke
ÉujI"
of'
c'.7n\"c"nLiL)r,,
a
bPbs
thtsysrení.
sam' niarmít'
are labeleci in
CL6
'A") rii
i)!'ií",
!)ln)': -i}}'t(jg ust: cj for ! jcjr!'3' Drives. L'Pb>0-bI'!j.'s'/
tor H&tc! i:
i'art
ion:,. aná l.'pjt'"}-9'/ fur iü\jí bí"i \'éu.
Tht-'
hisk
ii
after
rñ4
ri':t·
it
'!"'hc
ut
Ía\"Lj}.;í
point'.
r
bb'i
tin'
i-'m"anict
Úl"
ísiocÉ:
a,s
inciexed froni the a'rai lalÁe
1'!-·'!1
ix:
DPE3-15
Ascii ii) String.
'1Í?!" striTí? S;t·l"\"¿: "j as i-tn
Bytes.
printed
icatiím'"'.
s>üc.íi
prcmranm
áh our HÍ-'FL")}-!'"$.."."i .
ñ"fj'\ strirw , Eiá\" bc' a rüixeci aiphanunít'mc ,i\: sc'! i
Cji"
huí
up tc' ten cil¿1!"¿íc"?t-'Fg,.
the líi>t valid character must hni"í tne :Yl:_):-,.T
set
" !
.Yjg!iij"icarlí Hit ';pit
Mi't tg r '!'".
10
-
DPB-6
iden'í
Format
7ype Byte
j'his byte containu sortm
íi'icaíion
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
O
l
t
l
níay
L)\"
be
Et1j}j¡
O.
Byte.
cit"
the io?ica! sequeücing
byre hart' the' f'ci iowim
vÜ!!cñ
the inforníar ion
inf orniat ion on the phvsicai
siµmii"ícance:
about
the-
cU
Disk Size:
Track Type
OCIO
O
=
Fixed Disk,
001
·
8",
010
·
5.25",
011
=
3.5"
001
Single Side
· Reserved
by
011
# Same
Sel
= Sel by Sec, Sec
Sec, Cont
100
101
SO
= SO All, SI
=
All
AI1,$1 All Reverse
110
by Trk LSB
111
= Sel
= Reserved
= Track O Side O
is Double Density, 1 · Single Density
1 = Single
= Data Tracks are Double Density,
Density
010
O
000
forníat ot the ciriue. am
medium.
The
bits in tríe'
·
·
5.5
PRCJGFMMM!!QG
Fen"
E,'F'
Hard
Drives
Media
and
and
Fixed
k.'\Pl
ímves.
this byte contains al
torniat.
DPB-5
- Format Type Byte 1.
This byte contains adciitiona!
information
The bits have the following
meanings:
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
O
l
l
I
l
F'lC)S'
bits Iq s:.znit
Zero
\'
Byte.
abour
the format
ot
OCIO = 128, 001
Sector Size:
= 256, 010
· 512, 011
OOO=1K,
001=2K,
010=4K,
011: :8K,
Allocation
Size:
(NOTE:
This should match the definition in DPH)
into.rnitttion.
=
1024
100=16K
F'c'r
!!ard
utili: ies
íCi\"j-$.
as,'"iunie
he sc:
as
y¡nou!cl
i
The'
O =
Normal
1
8"
·
Speed
& HD
distribution
that the bectoi"
in("lica[t('"l.
si:
(300 rpm)
Floppy (360 rpm)
version
'e
iÁ
always
or
Hard
Drive
oí"
HIP
Filos
5i2 7n'tet":
.
anci
Tht--
t hú
su r»po !"
rerüainin,sz
ijtitt.
i
DPB-4
Skew Factor.
Byte.
This': byte is a signúá i"bin;Ir\"
1(")
\"¿2juc' inciicat irj? the skerc
l)t,·
ust ".t
'\',["
I
:
ciuí iñ? Form-it . Rectci
used
y\
áñti
i": riccrna!lv
i
only
ioppr I)Á\'É: 6
í(.ú'i"i!)
anti u.'íualü" 9,t?t
iOf riarci and R.'\jl d.ri\"€'.-í iq ind1.ca¿€' tnát iu-z(1/!: to
anci \U"i tes siiuu lcl ht done \ii th Xl) ":É:C'i', .
the op[ion to caicuiatt- sÚi"n' i: > 12
r
:í$>€'nlt'!j
Ü1()>.
Skc"'.'.'
du:
Hie
"effect
lñ,2
['"t
pointer in the bPi! (!'.!-'li+(),·'i )
.
Ü"l!ScÍ'fec'T
< })yt'3.
¿7
4l-"\'.
taOlc'
l"ytc'
l!-,
u'u:
has
t!
ñu
aria sn'.7ujcl I')l $t?í
':l.
-
factor
ith
itl
-i
It
p'jrt
ihi
t O ti9il,
OPE-ti
Thist
Siñíc'
- Starting Sector
hytt' C[)ríLct¡!"l> tíj·-·
Number.
nUnii)j
i.ñj,É; '-)r){.'f'az Ai,2
\"¿Zl"i!e
ü"jiY
c'n: 't' sector: -..
3
!
!ju!1,l_)¿.',">,.
ic:
á
p!}\":
.-(Ktúj'
DP6-?
nicm
("u
:"
µ.\"g'IL!!i!>
pt"o"í"
l
Üíú-
ü: -n.- a
t!' :-, í n'.
Byte.
}"h\"-qicaj
tí"¿i-t".
Secrcn"
o!) c-."ic!í
.{t't"[)-t)dSC'¿i
sequc'rír ial scM'ñti'
to Te'Íe i"cjf tser
i('"}.git[1j
t l.""
u"' correct
tir>t
tnrtiai
Sectors per Track.
- Physical
conmins the nuni: m- oÍ" Physical
Byte.
to iomca! i 3t: ¿'[clrs gÉji
each tracl. .
t'P/ul comnures
For eeample,
on Rs-byte
al loct: ioí: "
sectors
F íoppy
wni ch are useci on s iní' ic--ciensi
1\' t:
one of rhe
popular íí\'t'bisks.
inch fonnau uses five IE: physical sectors which equates to 4() logical Ci-'/M
This bvte contains 5 in this instance for the nuníber of Ik Phystcai
sectors.
Sectors .
ihis
hµ'tt:
(as
opposed
based
t
Side.
DPB-1
Byte.
- Physical 1racks per
This byte contains the nuníl)er oí Physical 'tracks per Side. also called thc'
K'uníher of Cyl inders.
It reflects the Disk, as opposed to the Drive capabiliand is used
establish
the requirements for double-stepping Üt Floppy
to
ties
Mires . In the case c/í a 4Ü-track disk placed in an BO-track drive. this byte
St--ct ion
would contain 4(), while the brive parameter in the Confipuraíion
This byte has no meariinjz
contains 8() as tht-' number of' tracks on the drive.
for Hard l.'r i"\"t" part it ions or k'\'j dri ves and shou id M set to Zeru. a l th(?É-: 3'rl
any arbí trary ualuc j;'j acceptaiAc".
5E
f3/P
PROGRAMM
EllOS
INC
Word.
Logical
per Track.
- is the Sectors
elata
each
oí Logical
number
trcíci. O! thú
l2í>-byté sectors on
number
of Phvmcal Sectors times the Physical
it is equiualent to the
DPB+O/1
This í"a)ue
dis!..
Sector Size
i29.
M()b
Byte.
Byte.
Byte.
Factor.
- Block Shift
Mask.
- Extent Mask.
-three bvres contain
Block
DPB+2
DPB+3
DPB+4
These
values used by the Operatin7 System
ro compute
Their values are detailed in
Tracks and Sectors tor accessing tofzical drives.
various references on CP/lv! and ZSlX)S propramíinµ and should not be var ieíi
of their effects.
without knowledge
(Capacity).
contains the number of the last allocation
is the same as the capaciu' in al location blocks
al locat ion bioc'kt> art" bc·inµ used and a }() Mqzabyte
l
24!99.
thi s word wou\ci contain i().OO().(j0O/4O()()
- or
DPB+5/6
This Word
Disk
-
Word.
Size
block
l.
- drive
on
Foj"
the drive.
example.
is being
O!
the \uníbe.t'
vi"ord would
bt^
Ln'cries - !.
ser to it: Z4 -
i"oí"
!
=
exaiüpk'. ii'
l'j£3.
1024
t
Word.
DPB+7/8
Maximum
Directory Entry.
This 'jórci cDñtiÜñs the numhür of the last I.)irector\" Entry
i
i Í" ¿j
ch-'f"inc'c.
is rhc suznr:
are ci€·síj"€: c'.
and
directories
-
CT't
tñr'
2
Bytes.
DPB+9/1Ü
Allocations U and I.
¿?\"[L"!3
c:
t".'."c}
.stored
2he,':
MIC"! rht' ]n!t1(Ái aliocaí ions
twc/ Bytes
in the
cl
S'.
:
Tnc l!"
}
ísu! fer {See
drn_e
the' Y.\
during
m'!ect !c)ñ.
.2. b!'h+!j/!3
I)ri1nF¿r\" U",l· IS to ir)t_jjca[€'
ihat the" Directory Sectors arc" aíreacñ"
al !(.)ca!ec"i
¡¿-jj"\
"
Ciíi1X:
it-'
anci u:1a\_al
stc)]"a?Ü.
values ana are u".cd in
Thcr a:rt' bi t-mapped
io:
Ci"j
cmrosr'd
stcjt'a£Ü
lti-hyu- . í.o-j)\"ít9 !('["[l'l
to the normal i\' used Lo-brtú. !í!-t3y[c"
I"c?!"
\4o: rc:
L"í-'i. s
'
úScúi iri /41.)
"Me
trcm íht' !\¢S'.v'
t}"p':
sroragü.
are a!lc)c'a[ecj
oí" ZM j"j r>t l:,íU.
rhru tht' ! Ni. then jf,x!s thru LSl". of' the súconcl r;y[t' Tíascci on
i:
i"
íQci'ít
l.)i(:)c!- c)j" i: racticm tñereüt" used
bv
The
TYj
jC)Tt
'i'. .
orxi'
til
Mrec-tor"c.
t:
C"
1)\"
oí"
ñh"í\"
in?
t
number
loccít
r'i tS
ion
ir>r cornp'it
cíí iculatúci
the
entries per al
Any renuníMr.
híoci.. them di"\_i("jLri2 the desireci number OÍ" entries by
mainder
r€'cíLíire$
allocarion
a!! aü(_ii[lon:
-
iir"t
initi,.
bits
tK
íi
For exampit-.
4()g(_:
b/í2
then
byte
.s
t'n'tt:
Sl2/ií>
()
would
DPB+11/12
This
indicates
V\o: rc!
-i
this
ai ioczt ion blocks are used. each block is capable ol
SIl? entries
pc·r entry = l2ti Directory
Entries.
are desired.
If
4
needed
=
which dictates that Aljocatiün
allocation
blocks are
be
ii !!Ü()()ÓH (()F(JH) and Allocat ion Flyte l would be OOÜ()OÜ0OB.
i
t
bir.
4k
Check
S(ze.
onl y used
the numoer
Word.
in'
(normally only
loppy bríves ) art
checksums
oí sectors on which to comj"ute
to deteci
chan?e(j
be set to OOOOH
and FUL\Í ínsks to avoid the
disks.
should
for
Fixed
it
time penalty of l"ejQqging after each warm boot.
s
removable
DPB+13/Í4
Track Offset.
This i\"orc! inL: i[-:i.íe:¡ the nuníbc·r
!K'i'
éÍ7ÚCíÁ\"t.
i i is norriia!
-
i"
media
F
Word.
oí Logical Tracks to skip before the present
i\" used to reserve boot track". lusuaAy i to
K7
U *
R/P
PROGRAMMING
3). or to
tracks used
5.3.1
larger
for other drive
partiuon
Environment
Descri
into
initions.
drive>
del
srrial
logical unitq
íer
BIOS
skippinü
1)\"
ptor.
Environment Descriptor.
referred to as simply the EN\'. is the heart oí"
known
The
The iñCjSl recent additions
Z-System.
as
is now
to the system by
and
sonnie
Sage
replaced
joe Wright
jay
relatively meaningless elements in the
dependent
EN\' with system
informat ion such as the location of the Operating
System
Consequent
components.
Iy. the EXV is not just a feature of the ZCPR
Command
Replacement,
but
3.4
is an Operatinp Systení Resource
which
Processor
such
ZCPR
as
allows oUter programs
3.4 to access its information.
The
what
B/P
requires an EÑ\" to bu present, and uses several items of iniormi-ition comained in ir. The banked ZS1NS2 and Z40 Command Processor Replacerm: nt
Ic4"
use even more FjX"\
features.
i\ fe'.'i reniaininµ bytes have been re-defined
bi(Ds",-b¿a>,L·(l
Tl")
HIP
f:
F'/F'
systeri,ü.
denote thú definition of
Bios data
úuppori tcj
e lenicmts'..
hax been
Using this "7ype" byíc'. use': "
a neit' Tyj'c' . 9íhí.
reservea.
áñ¢.t
[)rQgrar!!!.
can accesj)
takt acj\'anta.2E' oí' the new' det inií ions and f'eatU.rt'6.
l'he
l3ios
[eKlr)|¿í[e
\"ajuE: -, Uc_m
.A
tc: i"
'Ú!t·
in H/i'
used
hescupror
jllcjt|tjeL} in the
iht: Fnn iromiení
?,.iiiAúi .i-lb ÜiÉ'
Bios.
distribution
which
disk is:
.*"k**¿'**': K:s:s::h>.*'a:*'*.g"-z'.:F.>:i.:4*z.>.
t' .-\ (' "i I U '\ *'*cY*: F¥***:**:!'*s*m:!:z:*":i.*z
1"C)Ili
aí"i
c? íCjt-f
i(")})ins2
t
i'
Qpe]"aLln2
environínent whicn
[ i"á!iSl t
·i
i líes such as S\t"S.É!\"','. vou must
UseS,
u¶t-"í"-i()adec!
Éñ\"2 rorínlL-'"?í
cíe 1eÉc'
Í"l les'.
't' e]tí]t-l"
.suc+ !üa-!
Lñ>U"UC'L ions or modifr the li!'r"\'
iQac1e("j
íf"it-'k
EXACT
Ays[erl¡
aeÍ'ínnicm.
to reliecí
'i.
tííi 3 i'ac't \1 _i i i prc)r)ab iy cause man c
i'ai iurt' u) o!-)>·.c'r\'"t'
ii
*
unck'síreu side étit:
&'d'Z'z.$: Z'a-x'A:"t:'i'&:d'A:z
:
Eijvj
ERL'
KSj'
,
ronme.nt
0escr"i
k>tcu"
Z:.S.Z:4:.!:8Z:&.]'q:**Z-*&:A.*+Z:S'Z.&.R:&:z:Z:^*±:*:A:*x:>"?.Z'K"
ZCPF: ZZ
jF
O
DEFE
'Z3El4\i"
;
DEFE
9ñl"
;
DEF\/
EXPFTH
:
DEFE
EXPATRS
:
DEFW
RCP
;
DEFE
RCPS
;
DEFW
lOP
;
DEFE
lOPS
:
DEFW
FCP
:
DEFB
FC.PS
:
DEFW
Z3NDIR
;
DEFB
Z3tlDIR£.
;
DEFW
Z3CL
:
DEFE
Z3CLS
:
DEFW
Z3E!IL'
;
DEFE.
23ER\'S
:
,
Lead7r\e
jump
(addrw',e iÉ
Eru'iremtent
Env
type (>=90Fi
External Dcith
CEllOS
when
H2CC)t-()
ID
Resident
Extended
E/P
meanE
command
package
Flow
package
di rectories
Named
line
(CL)
ronment
(EHV)
Command
w/User Area)
(RCP)
package (lOP)
command
ERV
(PATH)
Input/output
Éñv7
*>:
:!
'
'e
"'
""
&
:$'
ctx;
8': ?z z'z.¶': í:z:z'z.*>
for
tar: t"s
(FCP)
(NOR)
- Actual
Starti rig
Address
it'--,
B/P
SHSTF.
;
DEFB
SHSTKS
:
DEFB
SHSIZE
DEFW
Z3MSG
;
DEFW
EXTFCB
;
(SH)
(MSG)
buffer
External fcb (FCB)
External stack (STK)
Quiet flag (1=quiet,
Wheel
byte (WHL)
(MHZ)
Processor speed
Max disk
letter
Message
DEFW
EXTSTK
:
O
:
DEFW
Z3WHL
;
DEFB
9
DE FB
' P'
DEF8
31
;
Max
DEFB
1
:
1
DEFB
O
;
DEFE
O
;
DEFB
80
;
DEFB
24
;
DEFB
22
:
;
EllV,
INC
,
DEFB
- 'e
stack
She17
DEFW
In Extended
;
PRCY3RAMM
BIOS
'
CP.T
:
1
user number
· Ok to accept
CRT selection
selection
Printer
CRT O: width
# of lines
# of text
]ine£
is replaced
; ;
DE'E
132
;
; :
DEU
24
:
: :
DUE
22
:
by
System
DU:
O =
,
Not
Ok
( )
( )
Infc
CRT
I: Width
# of lines
# of text
7ines
:
Ram
i=,
:
Lalid
.
quiet)
O=not
PONMLKJIHGFEDCSK'
:
IF
DEF\1
RAMDSF:
QQQ1OOOOCC111111E
Drive
If
ELSE
00OOO0C)(J0111l111E.
DEFil
drives
vector
ENDIF
DE FEJ
Cl
DEFE
EQ
:
DE"E
EE
:
DEF 6
5(2
:
DEF6
1
;
L|£5urr)E"f¿!
Prtl
stc'raCdE
"-
: :
DEFE.
9E.
; ;
DEFE
66
:
:
DEFE
58
;
; :
DEFE
1
;
DEF5
USPCS
;
USRSP:
DEFK
USPC
:
DEFB
USPCS
:
:
In Extended
EtlV,
,
Printers-
PRT
width
# Of
lines
t/ qC te7't TWíé'é
FF f?aC
(1=can
(i:
Form
Feecñ
Z and
Re"'ident User Space
I: width
# of lines
# of text
lines
FF flag
(1=can Form
Vector£
for
:
.
(Reserved)
.
DEFE
132
:
: ;
DEF E
EC
:
: ;
DEFE
5-S
;
Feecí)
Remaining Free User Space
(recs)
Res.
base
Address (xXOOH/xX83H)
User Space
S7ze
7ñ 128-byte
of Res. User Space
recs
3
: :
========
F'RT
.
are gone, rep7aced
PPT
2:
Width
of ÚiñÉg
# of text
by
System
Info
#
}inee>
59
B,/P
PRCX3F?AMM!NG
; ;
DEFB
1
:
; ;
DEFB
132
;
; ;
DEFB
88
:
; ;
DEFE3
82
;
; ;
DEFE
1
;
DEFW
CPR
;
DEFB
[DOS-CPR]/128
;
DEFW
DOS
;
DEFB
[BIOSJT-DOS]/128
DEFW
BIOSJT
DEFB
'SH
DEFB
'VAR'
DEFB
'
DEFB
'
DEFB
'
DEFB
'
DE'E
'
DEF9
'
DEFE
'
DEFB
'
DEFE
O
DEFE
O
;
;
'
;
'
FF
flag (1=can form feed)
Width
# of lines
# of text
lines
FF flag
(1=can form feedi
CCP base
address
Size of CCP in 128 byte records
Bcbs
base
address (xxooh or xx80H)
Bdos
;
buffer size in 128 byte records
base
NZCOM running)
Bios
address (NZBIO
Shell variable
filename
Shell variable
fi'letype
File 1
PRT
.
3:
if
;
'
;
'
Fi7e
2
Fi1c?
3
File
4
:
'
:
'
:
'
:
'
;
;
Put.'ic
Public
;
Env
:
128
area (ZRDOS
user area (ZRDOS
bytes iQñc: -
+)
drive
+)
Capabilities.
Terminal
5.3.2
;
'
BlOC
TK"scriptor áésc: r ibed al"b(",": t'. ¿"i L1íjni: ;:."
In aá.Á t ion tu tl^: c' i3ás: lC i: n\"i."onn}':n"L
it> attac'hc-: :
(TCt'P.
also k: íown as TERMCAÉ"I
Termina! t.apahc lit': rt:cc)["d structure
ior
cjf
téSí
def
and
thr conípatt": " ZE"t'iíi ·.
to re':erre spacc
jre detau It capafj ii t
i a
'n"i
!
FLIES
!
1\"
!
:
he
compl
i
u
t",íu
t
The de
t n,R'\?\"'A!' is
ant
íh
na .
rout i nc' s ügcúQ
(.'c)níl1íl!tíit\"
at"te'r
"\1-1Fí:
!.).
lhe skeleton recorci sU"üc'turt: .}"í;
the Z-Svsreni
w
' u:t Y » Ák3 RY XX ** **jF* X.K* T * ;irp » ;ii b » t :$ ¥7 ;pX » Y ;1:k k: r :K *? 'r X y :k Ik*X * * * X * X t X ** X ».jt * :r»k* Ejkk » * X.* ?K
y
Dat¿
TermCap
; Ty)ig
fbt" the NCvi Z'-Syeter: ' comSl les with VLIB4D
s»ecs and mcre.
;
;
;
fu27y de"crubes the termmal arte' it@; capabiiities.
charactervstic'a
values for ycmr tesmnM
or use
from the S3tartu;: .' fi le.
outboard cjefini ti¿)rl íoadeC
it
TCA,"
:
BIZ:
814:
:
Terminal
GOELD-EN\'2
:
1OOOOOO(jE
:
Offset
Eit 7
DEFE
'
DEFB
DEFB
'
Name
Reverse Video
· lo-second delay
1 = No Wrap
char written
in line
to last character
1 = No SCroll
to
char written
last char in lasít line of dip1z·y
1 :z AliSí
O =
None
1
WraL'q
Q =
Line
Scroll
O =
Scroll.
(i
ASCII,
Standout
;
EllS
b1
Power
:
815
b2
No
B15
b3
No
E15
b4
Al·lEI
Up
Delay
,
Wrap,
·
?
.
g
7
space terminated)
to GOELD in graphics section
rema"tnder
undefineC
= Extended TCAP,
1
jjcj
(30
bytes,
Half-lntensity,
B15
;
temp1atL:
O =
:
:
(13
the
a
with
fer an
fields
Edit
as
=
if
if
é/P BIOS
El 5
,
DEFE3
PRQGH
OOOO0CK)OB
DEFE
' E ' - '(¿i '
DEF E
'X '
'D' -
"u '
;
Cursor"
DEFE
'í9 '
;
DEFB
'S
'@'
;
Cursor Right
Cursor Left
DEFE
O
;
CL
De'lay
DEFB
O
;
CM
Delay
DEFB
O
:
CE
De7ay
DEFB
C)
DEFB
O
'-
;
O
DEFB
O
DEFB
O
DEF Fj
C)
DEF E
O
DE'FE
O
DEFE
C
DEFE
C'
DE PE,
("t
DEFE
(I
DEPB
Ci
IJT.F 3
O
OUT
O
;
.
DEF E.
Cj
DEFT
i
DEJE
O
DEFE
C'
DEFE.
' * '
DE FE,
'
DEF E
' " '
DEFE
'
'
"
DE FE.
'
-
'
DEF B
' : '
:
'
'
DEFE
' " '
DEFB
'#
'+
'
'
DEFB
' + '
DEFE
'+ '
DEFE
'+
'+
DEFE
C'
IJEFE
C)
cursor
ASCII
motion bytes
Down
start
here
(CL)
Home
Screen Clear
Cursor Motion
for" C7ear to End-of-Line
for
for
Cursor and Clear Screen
;
Cursor Motion
; (CE)
Clear to End-of-Line
: (SO)
Reverse On
(SE)
;
Reverse Off
; (TO)
Termnal Init
: (TE)
Termnal De-init
ExtensiDn5 to Standar"d Z3TCAF
: (LO)
Delete Line
; (LI)
Insert Line
: (CD)
Clear from Cursor to Ena-of-Scr
Attributesz setting
Oarameters
: Se':
Attributes
String
, Éttributes
Read
items.
from screen
: ReDort Cur",cir
Pos'ri (ESC y Pn Prd
Read
Under
Curscm
;
Line
;
:
(jEFE:
Scroll,
(CM)
DEFB
DEFEI
Strings
;
:
GOEí-l'
Reverse Vid, Wrap,
Additional
single character
; Cursor Up
:
:
AMMltiG
'
'
Ót1/(jFf
De1cw
Grapl"nc3 strings
offset
from rjE7ay value.
C)rt
: Graphics
; Grapnics
Off
; Cursor Off
; Cursor On
Graphics Characters
; Upper-Left
Corner
; Upper-right
corner
: Lower-Left
corner
; Lower-ri ght corner
; Flori zontal
Line
; Vertical
Line
; Ful)
Block (hashed block)
: Hashed
Block (big X)
; Upper
Intersect
(Upside down "T")
Lower
Intersect
("T")
.
; Mid
Intersect
(Crossing Lines)
; Right
Intersect
("T" rotated left)
; Left
Intersect
("T" rotated right)
]
{"
[ " ]
[ "
j
[ " ]
[
-]
[ : ]
[
*]
[#]
IK
{+]
[+]
[+]
[+]
EN\'END
El
B/P
6.
B/P
Utilities.
Ellos
have
GENERAL
UT!L1T!FS
EllOS
support rout inús Iq assist you in using anci
Manv of these Íollow" g,eneral !y estabj ished
Bios installations.
taiiorinp
Í'unctions. and their use may be readily perceived.
of
Others are a('jap'.a[lQnb
ZSDOS
routineq which we developed to support our earlier
operatinct- svsteni.
or
.
The rüníaincler
irt the Public Domain.
were
are adapted from routines arailable
written specifical ly to support this product.
\4e
developec!
and
adapted
many
13/"1'
Each
support
Utilities.
rout ine
ir'-cíuci
iny
by
fol lows penerai ly-acknow leckecl pract ices
t-in Help, and re-execut ion wi th the
bui
!
of'
Z-Syst él:
CX)
conmzmci.
followed bv a
Help is accessed
typin;z, the name of the desired rout ine
double-s lash ( i .e. LDSYS
Addi[iQna!
inf'orrna[ion
is prcn"ideci in tin:
.
fol lowinµ sections Qj this nianual.
//j
cU'
iht-"
"íhe>e
features of'
rariis .
raí"y áMCül
nuíiibc'
you support a
r c: t
Some'
2
g-i'¿.'(-i!'1c
a
C'"C'¿itt' g;L.\-'il
fol!c$'.',: nL' ciL-µ[_i'ii"".i(..)I'}'-..
Ci a
[a
t!'i
li
l't"'ctLü
[ 7:
TA
i
Fs/7'
Es-los
I"';"'-)-m tía Ve rs i(j!]-¿!/'?'d:
i!7ZCtT"l"f"i}l7µl¿t\!
bc
systems
spe"ii'ic
shüujd ñcrt
jr
¿j
"
it t e t"eñL cL)R]puL¿'1"
[\"rí'") . (ontací uu i: \"Oti ñC-..úi Tl_)
OÍ'
oÍ' curie
t --U j()T'cl.j \'c-7 s ion
];"j t!","
these pT[jg|"a!IL: -,.
\¢'})Lch
éM rLjullr}tg,
arc resírtcíec to a spccítií- µ;\"stt: ::í
!Qf"¡ rjg
are support
c-d
!C.L-.n[
and
u T C:'
f4O
¿"ín!]("!tc1Lc(i
.
62
Et/P
ElPlí'jlLL)
BPBU ILD
6.1
System
-
Building
image
BIOS
UllLlilES'
Utility.
The purpose
of BPt'S( !LD i s to create a loadable Systerti Image.
input i lle".
t
by
needed
include the output oÍ' assembling the BPB!C)-}: :l:
ín
Mi croSot't RFL format }. a REL or ZRL iníape
of an Operat ing System !ZSÍÁ)S for
i
unbanked
or ZSBOS2.ZRL for fu iv banked systems are recommended) , and a Rl L or
(ZCPR33.RE.L
ZRL image of a Corrírüand F'1"ocessc)r
Z40.ZR'..
for unbanked,
for
iy
banked
recommended)
systems
.
are
utility
this
fiju
ful
is capahle of incorporar in>' many 'types of operat inp system components
ZPDOS.
Among systems
into the executable image.
tested are customi zed BlOSes,
CP/Y 2 .2, ZCPiC2, ZC PP-ix and others.
One restriction in any segment
occurs in
the use of Named COMMO\"S
for locating variot's portions of the systeni within
Most
t he processor' s memory níap.
assemblers and linkers are lirríited in the
The
l inker
nuniber
of' d ifferent riamecí CO.\Ñ(i\" bases
which can be suppcuteci.
EÑ'\/_
in 13PBL"ÍLh can handle oniv the tollovt'in,sz
named (Í)MM(-)\: 4:
incorporated
,
MCL-_
,MSG
FCE3
BIOS , BANKZ, B2RAM, and RES'VD.
SSlh
XXK
,
.
,
,
,
_
.,
BPHUIIJ)
6.1.1
Using
BPBLJILD.
\,\'i eh
ope-rates
iai'ered íjenus and may bu iní"oked
to
i"i
aí'í
e:
hume
for
iü, \)j" with defaults to construct
j' i le .
a! i i "i ie> nee'.}t--\'j
u) c(jñ>,í ruc't tíj€ ciemred irna7c":
Í-'Tj\"é
and ljs.er Arca.
níu:-.l "resñlc in the current
or be
fot"
undúr
Zbix)b.
synta"t
IM'
iny
P7F'iic
upúrm
HPFI'.JÉL.D
iisuny
attrilzuic it
BPBUILD
BPBUILD
BPBUILD
!
t
for
shot' id
Harci
6.1.2
L"porí
i hi
s
nor
Menu
i nía '"'tí
i
t
A thm i'
art'
Screen
Z'i'hi..í!
sta"rtinµ
screen.
out put
! !
ex
l
\\
M
2.)1" ,t\"C"7t
//
.
the
ioca: c'd
/: srh:)sj
in
total
ac'cúsibK
thú
system
is'
tht' seíec'-tñ
b\"Ñtént
tjanP.
1)0>.
i3: t
µj iocu
!c:
i Miftí
'>
Details.
i ix": ;.
1?(-' rrc'7Ú!7["£'c?
i\'itf"t
íhc" mir: Ei€9!l'Á '",cic'c· }.
\"()ü '\',j¿;
"
Ü"7j
i'íú
t,'\!"té
min caíeµoriei'. to taj ic': t tit'
you !!l[: y Ñt" it - i suit.
t
1)\
"¿
thc cof1t"!,"Llrc:
¿"jl"'"\" '"K)tff'
ion, pi"é">> 1tj2 cort roí-e' ('u" r "i; a""
prompt .
tútti!ú aríci !"e['ur!"! tcj the c"'omíand Processot"
'.).
[
Mai n
i
File
Names
2
BIOS
Configuration
3
Envi ronment
Selection
64
a Ter!(ícc"n]c"T"lT
i)" ñé\4'
iniage
bo: "3 . Áñíi (j·'i\'
\"iá tí"jtj'
rsi'i$L',li.1y iu.:
- Make/Nodiiy a w/detaults
specuíc system
{Defautt type is .IMG)
Message
- íasplay this
Generaze
frü)ft]
bui lei
a
'Bio: i,.
:
B/P
6.1.2.1
BP!3UILD
UT!L!T!ES
E!C!S
Screen
File
1
Names.
oprion One from the
the:
main
menu wi l I present
a screen iistinsz
Selecting
inla,E€:
and
needed
the
to build an
current file names for the three input files
,
name to be applied
to the output file. If 13PBUILI) was executed with tM narñe
of an existiñf2 Imatze
the file names will be those of the files used Lq
L.
file.
orhe: rwise
IKja?c[
build the specified
will be default names furnish': ¿'c}
fijt·,
it
by BPBUJ LI).
sample
non-banked
A
YASBEC system
might be:
screen for a
Files
"
(1.1)
1
Command
:
ZCPR33
.REL
2
Operating
:
ZSDOS
.ZRL
3
B/P
Bios Source File
:
B/P-YS
.REL
4
B/P
Executable
:
BPSYS
.IMG
Processor
System
Selection
Fi le
File
Image
:
Select inp anr c)!'íc- of" th: -' f'cur options. \'\'j l) ai low you to ctíanpc thí' n:ute OÍ' thtt"ilc to Ü4t: i'or thc cies,ired
sc.g,|Iie'ri[.
ljt'fault File types exist for each en: ry
v.ith bot1_í the ('oi!inj: i!]c} F'rcjFej,xc)r ami Opcrat Íñ$2 S\"SÍC'ñi f i It's dc-i'ault iñf-' Ii) .7Rl
:
70 Ú\"dc'
is entered,. Tim Rios fi le defaults' to .RF1.. whi le the iníagt output
det)íu!t".
[i-";
t'jít.t\f'.r.
"
6.1.2.2
Select
Msii'
>;t-íyI)}€mF>
Screen
l":
2
Conhguratiori.
2) p.rest'n1>
Ü'íc
gumt icm f"ronl the Main Menu lSe!ecíion
which t lit: >:izés and iocations. of either existin.2 sy.sí ti'ríi
huí !Lliji,L? from íi!í existin.2
jyg Í'i lci or default miuen t'rcmt "\í'itFli!.
sarnplc
screen tüight appear as:
-
BIOS
('o{"Éf"i
i()s
screen from
inµ
l
13PíiI"I!.í'.
if"
t\
Envi ronment (2.
COMMON
A
(Bank
Common
C
D
BIOS
MEMORY
Si
Common
BOOS
Si ze
Command
Proc Si ze
User Space
Si ze
ze
B
O)
I)
BANK
D40OH
E
83
Banked
F
28
BEOOH
G
16
E90OH
H
6
MEMORY
BIOS
Banked
BOOS
Si ze
Command
Proc si ze
User Space
Si ze
Si ze
C60OH
Selection
2
OOOOH
O
OOOOH
O
OOOOH
O
OOOOH
O
:
65
B/P
!3PBU!LD
BIOS
UTlLITIES
While the ability tQ dictate
locations and sizes for various system sizes is
vve
proridec! at this point.
urge you not to alter the values for Bank 2 Memory
unless you are VERY familiar with the potential
effects and wiilinp to risk
The primary reason for
potential iy disastrous consequences.
including
this
screen was to al)ow sett inµ Common Memorv- base locat ions and to dicnate' the
size of the Resident User Space.
Other than specifying the Common User Space
size (the starting location defaults to the address in Z3BASE.LIEii,
the reniaining values were included primarily for the few specialized
users who
require custom system locations.
6.1.2.3
Screen
3
Environment Configuration.
Since
the Environment Descriptor is an inteµ,íal
due to the specificat
ion of low-level parameters
-
oí'
part
the Operating
Systcm
as memory allocat ions.
is
provided
configure
in
fashion for
memory
map
the
a suita5le
to
screen
For exaníple.
in a FlÜ ly Banked system with ZSIX)S2.
the system being
there is norma) ly no need for ¿i Resident Command Processor.
Using this screen
then. selection T) rnay 1.)g' uxeci to indicate that no spac't' is used for the R' T' by
wi tn thiu space
Í"reeá.
anti size to zero.
setting it.s ]Üc?iLion
the 1() Packa;u-'
12
)
Since
keeping i is size at
record: ':.
(Select ion ( may be raised to F400ii.
these art' the two lowe: -:l seguic'nts
in the memory map. bpbuilf) \l\jj} un: tííiÁ ¿G-j
tho' lcm'ust
\"íítíje useci in thc Enrironruent , and ñio\_c the Operat iñfz Systcñí seg,Ü.>él' Spacel
Hicñt s i inciudinµ
up in metriory for an increas': e of 2k
the Rcuicknc
bvte".
in Ti'aru lent Proµrani Area.
this
such
built.
Descriptor defined in this screen
ix irlip(jrt: \nt to note íh:tt rhc Fri\"iTonmen[
and placed in merríory
utou: ci in a 3r±ciu! ¿,1"cuá within the .TMG file produced
by j.r'.¶\"g) \\'tíc'ñ act i\"a[eLi.
Áñ\" aíterat ion afier ioadin;z. t"oj" exanij'k' ]()a[|iTíL'
another E\"\' i"i Ie' ¿"¡y, part Cjt' the SIARJ17' script may cause the sy'núm to operar"
inc'c)rrec[!y.
Iiis
"
Envi ronment (3. I)
A
B
C
D
-
E
- Envi ronment
Size (# recs)Pkg
- Flow Ctrl
Size (# recs)Package
- I/O
Size (# recs)cmd Proc
Res
Size (# recs)Command
Li ne
Size (bytes) -
FEOOH
F
-
2
FAOQH
G
-
H
-
12
F20OH
16
FFOOH
Selection
I
j
K
208
Di
rs
of Entries
External path
# of Entries
She) 1 Stack
# of Entries
Entry Si ze
Msg
Buffer
Ext. FCB
Ext. Stack
#
4
ECOOH
Named
-
-
FCOOH
14
FDF4H
5
FDOOH
4
32
FD8OK
FDDOH
FFDOH
:
or inspection activitv is complete at any menu. enterm
selection
u'ith
no
ing a return
viill return to the previous menu screen (Main
'\É'i
and
tower
the build á,cti\'it\" if' a sinµle retcrr
screens).
rrieriu froni
start
jj
!
Al
!i"oni
specified
menu.
files are first read to dctetüiú min
iü entered
You
iúine thüi r s:Í7.t.t:',. and internal
n}eníc)r\" address cajculat ioñsí are perforníed.
When
6€
all confimration
B/P
BIOS
BPE3U!LD
UTIL1T!ES
asked
to use optimal addresses for the maxiniutri
if you desire FJPBUILI)
Area
of Transient Program
(AutoSize) . or use the' values which we:re
"
you enter N at this point,
specified in menu 2. j.
the build v\"iij prog1"e: s.5
i:
A second
under the assumption that you want to use the values from Menu 2.J.
wi II ask you
prompt
system
se?lnent
want
"standard"
build
of
siz"tij.
you
a
to
if
This refers to the CP/M 2.2 standard sizes of 16 records (2k) for the Command
(BDOS).
Processor and 29 recoMs (3.5k) for the Basic Disk Operating Systeni
AND
thc:
Yes,
segments
you
sizes,
answer
the
equal
less
these
than
to
are
or
If
be
segment
system
system
sizes.
Since
many
these
to
will
built
reflect
behaved.
sizes, this
but very popular. programs
assume
the old CP/M segment
be'
used.
BPBUIID
ion
should
g.enerally
the
autosize
is
selected,
opt
query
If
autoriíat ica! ly executes to compjet ion and
Command
the
Processor
returns to
v\'ii l be
amount
ill-
promjgt
.
Area
ohtain the masimuríi Transient Program
with "standard" seprrc'nt
si 7t::·,,
the easiest tuethod
is to execute FIPBUILD exiting with the Aütosizt: query
answered
iii the aff irmat ive (Yes } , then execute Hpr4L: [L.D again on tM !)ro[iuc(-': :
image: an>níerin>'
the first query with N for No Autosizing. and the second qut':'y
v,'i
Y
[c) aci,ju: '.t tht-' Iq',4'c'!"
sepnwrít
ti: a
si zes for "standard" segnieríí
locat ioñÁ.
Whi le t hi s i "; a s:onieví'hat
curiíbersotne
procedure. it results in a ruuch smaller
arid faster
runnin;z utility than otherwise possible, and was a desiµn tradeot"f'
in Uk' dcu"e |Qpn}¿: n[. proce."n-:
To
.
67
!3PCNFG
6.2
B/P
- Configuration
BPCNFG
lity of
desired
flexibi
BIOS
UT!! !1"IES
Utility
the Fí/P
methods
Bios architecture pernjt.s custoniizin;
to ycui"
of operar ion.
This uti ] ity consúñ ¡daí-e3 SCjRíe.' of
the more common and important tailoring features in a single uíi!ity. BF'CKFG .
the B/P Bios Configuration
Uti/i ty, provides an easy, menu-driven means of"
tailoring Hard and Floppy Drií"e Boot Sector images. Relocatable Image (IMG)
Using BPCNFG reduces the
files. and certain element> in an executing system.
need to assemble
and increases the speed
a new Bios iníage for simple changes.
with which changes can be made.
The
system
and
Using
6.2.1
BPCNFG.
follows the standard conventions summarized
in Section ] .2.
responds
of two sIa,sh characterí'.
to the standard heW option sequence
syntax under which BPCNFG is invoked is dictated by the typo of" .syutent
The FSi'CKFG
Syntax
is:
wish to conf'igurc.
FIPCNFG
and
The
syntax"
BPCNFG
BPCNFG
//
BPCNFG
*
BPCNFG
d[:
[du:
j ]f
BPCNFG
1"(-)ü
<-- Print Built-in Help Sumiaiu"
<-- Run interactive,
screen mode
Svsteni
configure
Lxecucinµ
<-"cl"
(onf"i?ure
Ívi\"é
<-Image Í"iic<-- Corít"ipure
i lenamd .typ]
and simj"'1y
jj'Ar: '· ("i Ájc: ':"".
f-exp ianatarj
i
of
help fi itj
tht' ut j ity urxi tnc' "¢y!}[¿í"'L:
üjf' rl"L)? r: u"
st inz
i
C'!'
T'"PC: \TLj
The
icm.
\i'i
río arp,u'-"
of
th
(")r'-'!"a'.
on
usc .
cxccut
interait
l"-' t
\', ish
Fíte|Itor\".
ccmtigurt
ü
menr ": . \\' i } : f ! j">.t
\(. u '].i"j;-'[|]'.'.1"
a
to
sl c' r
y:
">}"ÁtCÚÍ,.
s
Mc)-.
ñio\íÉ'.
of'
Q:a
a
"anic'teu
Ac't
irnerrial
thai
anj
\"L·l"y;:
tmµt'
to
p":
i
¡(")[ít'li7},L'
Ci,'Áté¿
íÉ/'cÍ I
/e
r)'£Ü(jL'{jl.
Tí'
i:
as,
¿jq
[.\";:
if'
no
Mp'-'
is
flit-'
rcíju tit':
iht
i
t
oí"
ar: }u: ¿Á,L'i j it.. ¿a ty;'ú of . IV/ i', assumc'ci.
The
First
Í"ürni
j _1
c'!'
the'
th·-:
í\"ü
¿'i:-)
P.,/7
g\"ñzáí
purpom'
ñioíi-'
i6
ot'
st:
i
iiit
rír
ñ17i\"
'";j"g
}¡rrjíi_atl(_jr]q.
mar
not
hc·
171
cc'rtí' j L't'1 '.-' opt Ion'ihí' curreni.ly
! ín,i
The lÍiÚRi sig{"jji"}cc¿!li
tat ion is
tht"
s incc'
a j tí'red
required
ftij
xµzct'
i oad
( tj:
'>y>tt'ñ,
at
jot ) t iwiie anci cannoí
operar jjjg
that Hard
bit
be
but tét"s\
with
part
s\".gLen!
Drive
(Ai
"ñ'hen
\'"
anti
y;()r|l'-
it icrí:
CS\"j
.
! :i p;
aRocatc'íi
reset
syst
ñ'il.h thi> excepi ion. al ] other paraníeters mav be \'¿zri;'f: "i
already ]n"'[?.¡!t"/j.
and v,'i l i be in eífect.
unti i another system is loaded by Cold Bootir!? the'
computer. or ]c)aciin2 an hiage t'i le with LDSYS.
a
en:
\\"i
thout changing current parameters. press either ESCfape
abort the FÍPC1"FG
Option settiñfz will occur if a
or Control-C frorií rhc main níenu ciisplay.
Main
frorri
Menu Screen.
the
is
entered
Carriaµe Return only
To
Details.
Men u Screen
6.2.2
BPCXFC is a Screen-oriented
atTrir)ULe":
the terminal
support routine usiñ/z
1\"
rnain
Termcap.
Five
led
defined in the currentiy-insta)
screens are current
select ions resu it iñ? i rí suh-m'nt.
definc'd at the main menu. with sereriíl
from
thc'
niai:
The
which the" general cate2c.I1"\" is'. st: -·
í níenu
first is
sü'reerm
! irte
Jected
ref Íéc1A the Kvel and niocA' ¿j" :
for alzc'rá: io: ,. TM lc)r) screen
6E
B/P
BIOS
- Main
-
_
BPCNFG
UTI!-!TIES.
Image
- Configuring
Bios Version 2.0
Menu
File
1
System Opti ons
2
Character
3
Floppy Subsystem Options
4
Hard Disk Subsystem Options
5
Logical
IO
[A1O:
T1.IMG
]
Options
Drive
Layouts
Enter Selection
:
of the fire .selections results
in a sub-menu
screen which depicts
be
changed
and the current
vaiues/sett ings.
specific elements which may
of tht' selccrion 'j: rec'ns is derailed below.
Each
1
6.2.2.1
Screen
System
Option
The
Sy"nerü Opt ions rtíaj' be set
Parameters.
fi"ol1i Mc'nu Screen
-
Menu
1
-
System
l which
rrtay appear
tht-·
Each
a: ". :
Options
Drive
1
System
2
Startup
3
Reload Constant
4
Processor
5
Memory
Command
Speed
waits
·
Enter Selection
·
a:
=
"STARTO1
=
23040
=
9
O,
"
(5AOOH)
MHZ
IQ
Waits
=
O
:
The Logical
System
drive selected by the first entry is used by the Bios Want
The
boot to load the operating systeni on a Cold boot. and on Error Exits.
Startup command is noimally the name of a COM file which performs additional
Such a
system
initialization when first started.
file is normally created by
enterimz a sequence
of instruct ions (fi le names and arguments) into a script
using ALIAS. SALIAS. \"AÍ.IAS or othcr similar ZCPR3 tool.
69
B/P
BPCNFG
BIOS
UTIL1TIES
within the co}|]f)ute['
remainder of the entries concern the Physical hardware
generally do not need to be changed
for other than initial
installation.
Reload
Constant at Selection 3 ruay be "fine tuned" by slightly varying the
The norma!
effect of' this is to adjusn the speed of the Rea! Tinte
value .
The Processor
clock within the computer
to allo'A it to keep proper time.
Speed
4) should be the CPU Clock speed
(Selection
rounded to the nearest
example.
MegaHert z .
For
the rate shown in the sample screen is, in fact ,
9.216 MHZ. When the Clock Speed is changed,
an option is offered
to automatiReload
3)
by
a
scale
(Selection
scale
the
Constant
to
proper factor
cally
it
based
changed.
This
is not always
the
Clock
on the amount
was
that
Frequency
needed.
HD64ISO/Z-I80
systems
desirable
using
an interrupt
is
in
but
generally
clock tinier.
The
and
The
of Memory and TO Waits at Selection 5 are in addition to any Wait
example.
For
the Zilog ZlSO
in the hardware.
states inserted automatically
Since BPCXFG is a µt'ríeral
inserts one vmit state into all JO Port addresses.
The number
is
purpose
set with this selection
ut i } ity. i t cannot F:n(j\A' thi g;.
adci'it
harcht"are
wait
in.jected
therefore in
ion to anu
states.
number
The
also exists, but since inaCh"ertent alteration of its \"ííiúéÑ
I
resul
its existence
in bi: 'arre aníi potent la ly dc'struct ive consequences,
if"
The interaction
pronipted
and
selected.
hidden
to select option C) is:
a
si>:
th
wenu
t
Enter Selection : 6
DANGERCUS. ..Proceed? (Y/[N])
-- This is
I!"
an
for
range'
a
the hid: len
addressin"
tu"p1
Y is entereÁ.
}"AsríE(' with the' 3'fF!d'l
to bc u:-:ea:
icit
Menu
-
1. 1
-
Bank
System
1
TPA
Bank
2
System
3
User
4
RAM
5
Maximum
Bank
#
#
Drive
Bank
Bank
#
#
Enter Selection
i>>
ix
:
displayed
which alloms
appLarjn? ¿¡µ. lc)]!c)',',: j
the Íull l Mt','abyít'
Numbers
#
Bank
menu
l"Al.
can
·
1
·
3
=
4
=
5
·
31
i
:
in thc sysnem
should reflect the Physical 32k bank numbers
The Bank
the
highest.
to
the lowest. or first available.
O
Bar: F: and
The
(OFFH)
255
User
anti
nuirbers
from
to
mar range
.
are Zero-based.
RAM
Oi"i\"c
RAN
respecDrive Banl: x m: íy I)ej set to Zero if !Co Banked User area or
numbers
prog1"cssin? from
The
70
bank
B/P
BIOS
BPCNFG
UTILITlES
tive!y is desired.
It should be noted that the actual control
features is in otber screens. and setting the Bank. Numbers to
consequences.
opt ions are act ive can hare adverse
2
- Character lO Parameters.
allows configuration
of the Character
assignníent of logical derices to physical devices.
YASBEC might appear
as:
6.2.2.2
Xcreeri
Screen
Menu 2
Menu
_
-
1
2
IO
- Character
IOBYTE
these tv\o
while the
IQ subsystem,
to
A sample
screen
inc!ucit·
for the
Options
Assi gnment:
Conso)
-
for
Zero
e
=
COM2
Auxiliary
Pri nter
=
CQN1
=
PIÓ
2
COM1
-
3
COM2
- 19.2 kbps,
4
PIO1
- [Out(7)]
5
NULL
- [In(8)/Out(8)]
6
COM3
7
Swap
- 38.4 kbps,
Devi ces
9600
bps,
Enter Selection
8
Data,
1
Stop,
No
Parity,
[In(8)/Out(8)]
8
Data,
1
Stop,
No
Parity,
[In(7)/Out(8)]
8
Data,
1
Stop,
No
Parity,
[Iri(8)/Out(8)]
:
Selection l deterniines v: hicl": of' the actú"e derices is assi°nccl
j¿j thc aü]¿!2"¿'s:
.-.
able functions dictated by the T{jB\"Tr-.
This lcícatian in meniüry ix use'j by íhc
tO nc'rmj Iy consist
operat ing' systeni for t"'n,'u"ccter
in" of tíít Con"mk-. Printer
(LiSt btu"ice Jr Ci"',"C tL'1"¡ii}: }L): ogy ) and an Att'i i i iary IO (l'eader an'í Punch in
CP/jí) .
Tht' v".: c.c t [K'\_j¿'es
as)Rjg!?c'd
funct ions depcrid". orj tí"í'j
Iq thesü Lcy;ica1
t.)it-nía])ped
oF the IOBYTE.
and positioning
char¿ícte]"ibtic>
within the teíhlc'
portrayed irí this Ñent: ,
Early versions of B/P Ejio,s (Versions 1.0 and earlier) distributed
as "Starter
System" and test version.> used a fixed number of devices and a different data
structure for derice access. B/P Bios Production systems with Version numbers
of 1.! through ¡.9 ií'iA contain only four device drivers,
but use the nev,c'r
Beginninsz
data structures.
with Version :'.O, however,
many Charac'ter Devices
—
may be acco!nn!Qdat€'cí.
with the first four being directly accessible by the
and the
JOBYTE.
ability to exchange devices to place any four in the' first
posi t ions for acct-sí by appl icat ions programs.
The above
screen depicts [i
typical cíispk"iy undt-'r a \"ersion ?.0 Bicis.
as:
such
jAacec!
Smaller systems
orí
íij€' Fk'l)', Tracks\ii l ] Lise cm!y four fixed cié\"icé.s with a typical \"ersion µ: uRíi)cl"
of ! .l and \\'i l l no: inc!uch-' se'!t'ct ions 6 or ".
71
B/P
EIPCNFG
BIOS
UTILtTIES
Selection ] offers the opportunity to select which of' the first four physical
A seconddevices is assigned to the three loµical IOBYTE defined functions.
}
wi
l
the'
and
of'
exampic
proinpt
An
for
menu
you
funct
devices.
ions
exact
ary
with selection l is:
the interaction
[C]onso1e, [A]uxi1iary,
or [P]rinter
Com[2], [P]io, or [N]u11 ?
Set Com{1],
Set
:
C
of the serial
Selections 2. 3 and 6 in this sample screen allow configuration
making
hardware
changes
in the
you
ports included in this B/P Bios.
are
If in the
soUTCé code to insurc that this
Bios, please follow" the specifications
will function as described. For most system installations corered to
utility
date, one or more of these options will have no effect, but the capabi lity
still exists to confipurc the optiori. This selection results in a .series of
options being presented for verification or alteration. Current St·l tings arc'
rnacie
before
listed as default values which will remain selected if no entry is YASBE'.
isj :
the' ertding
on a
Carriage' Return (Enter kc'y). A Sample interaction
Configuring
Baud
[In(8)/Out(8)]:
CCM1
(Max=38.4
1-134.5 bps
bps
5-300
bps
9-4800
Rate
L1OJ
Select
kbps) =
2-50 bps
6-600 bps
10-9600
Selections
3-75
are:
4-150 bps
8-2400 bps
12-38.4 kbps
bps
bps
7-1200
11-19.2 kbps
bps
:
= B-bits.
Stop Bits = l-bits.
Parity = None
Data
XON/X3FF
Flow = No
RTS/CTS Flow = No
Input is B-bits.
Output is B-bits.
(Y/ÍNJ)
(Y/[N])
(Y/[N])
(Y/[N])
(Y/[N])
(Y/[N])
(Y/[N])
Change?
Change?
Change?
Change?
Change?
Change?
Change?
:
:
:
:
· Defaults
se1eeted
:
:
:
a Centror.ics prit,í-]
a!
ions
muy be aín j"\"t: . Ln.!1
'niü: previous select ions. not
opt
of' PI'("1"i(.j.
\\'i
to retain the generality
II appear 1!) the't configurat 'ñ'iiím sequence
Carria¿ze
be
bi"aces)
is
entercci.
retained
Return
in
Current settings
if a
li
Selection f'üur
ci" interface.
tailors the deíault parallel port. noníially
A.y
[out(7)]:
Configuring
PIO1
XON/XOFF Flow = No
RTS/CTS Flow = No
Output is
7-bits.
(Y/[N])
(Y/[N])
(Y/[N])
Change?
Change?
Change?
:
:
:
(only appearing in Bios Versions 2.0 and later) allcnís the
of devices.
In the sample Menu 2. Selections 2-S are active dericem
Using the la: sc
6
in the Bios, but not accessible.
existing
with Selection
COM-i
could be exchangA with one of the first four waking it an
se iect ion.
funcactive device upon exiting- ESPCNFG which calls the Device Configuration
The
as:
mav appear
interaction
t ion.
final selection
The
exchange
Exchange
.'\ftc'l"
72
Device
thi~ c)mict'.
3
:
actiu:
'
With Device
á€\"icé:
i
\tiií
be'
:
6
com.
CO)!3.
PIOl
and
t:
ru-.
B/P
BIOS
BPCNFG
UTlLITIES
Disk Parameters.
6.2.2.3
Screen
3
- Floppy
is possible at this Screen.
Extensive tailoring of the Floppy Disk subsystem
whi le many popular systems do not support all options {níainiy due to the
Control fer ioµic) , ali options and respective sett ims will appear
to be set
Also, while such items as the Step rate will accept increments
at this point.
of a set size (l mS for Step Rate). many systems have discrete increments that
do not match
allowable values.
the SMS 9266 used in MicroMint's
For example,
2
5
rnS
SB-180
1/4" Floppy Drives. the WO 1770
increments with
will only accept
used
in the Ampro Little Board only steps at 6. 12, 20 and 30 ms. while the
1772 used
in the YASBF.C
permits 2, 3, 5, and 6 mS Steps. The rates set with
I3PCNFG
appropriate rate within the Bio: -i
up to the rnost
are suitably rounded
code' durinp
drive selection
to allow tailoring of drives in a generalized
manner.
Options tailorable for Floppy Disk drives as seen on a YASBEC arc':
Menu
=
1
3
- Floppy Di6k Options
Floppy Drive Characteristics:
DrvO
OS,
80 Trks/Side
= 3.5"
Step Rate = 3 ms, Head
Drv1
OS,
40 Trks/Side
= 5.25"
Step Rate = 4 ms, Head
Drv2 = 5.25" OS, 80 Trks/Side
Step Rate = 3 mS, Head
Drv3 = 5.25" OS, 80 Trks/Side
Step Rate · 6 ms, Head
2
Motor
ON
Time
3
Motor
Spi
nup
4
Times to Try Disk Operations
·
4
Load
=
24
mS,
Unload
=
240
mS
Load
=
24
mS,
Unload
=
240
mS
Load
=
24
ms,
Unload
=
240
ms
:
100
:
5
(Tenths-of-3econds)
(Tenths-of-Seconds)
Enter Selection
:
ms,
Un}oad
240
=
ms
4
:
Selectin? one Qt" the four items on
tion needed.
allowing you to retain
of the additional
prompts
resulting
cp
Load
this
menu will prompt
you for the informaAn exampi e
current settings as a default.
from selection one on the above screen is:
Configure which unit [0..3] : 2
Size 8"(1),
5.25"(2),
3.5"(3)?
Single or Double-Sided Drive ?
Motor On/Of f Control Needed ?
Motor Speed Standard or Hi-Oensi ty
Tracks-per-Side (35,40,80)
Step Rate in Milli-Seconds
Head Load Time in Milli-Seconds
Head Unload
Time in Milli-Seconds
[2]
(S/[D])
([Y]/N)
([S]/H)
:
:
:
:
[BO]
:
[3]
[24]
[240]
:
:
:
73
B/P
BPCNFG
BIOS
UTILITIES
6.2.2.4
Screen
Hard Disk Parameters.
4
The B/P Bios Hard Disk Subsystem
Systéni: ,:
is centered around the Small Computer
)
(SCSI
Backward
Shuszai"t
Interface
standard.
compatibilitv 6 with the
G-_
Associates System Interface (SASI) is also provided to allow older controllers
Durinz~- the course of B/P Bios development
several control ler
to be used.
,
wi th unique features
accommodated
in a transparent
types were incorporated,
between
and program
As a compromise
war within
the
-
earlier
size.
This
utilities.
limit of three physical hard drive units
limit does not impact the 16 possible logical
Menu for a single Conner
A sample
handle.
a
may
Megabytes
"
was
flexibility
placed on
drives
CP-3100
the system
which the computer
SCSI
Drive of 100
is:
Menu
4
Hard
-
1
Hard
2
Fi
rst
No.
3
Second
4
Third
Disk Options
Drive Controller
=
Seagate
:
Physical Unit
Drive
= 776,
of Cylinders
Orí ve
Drive
:
-
inactive
-
:
- inactive
-
Enter Selection
SCSI
O,
Logica7 Unit
of Heads
No.
O
=
8
:
arailable
selection
allows you to select the type of" control !ci'
used
The controller definition applies acros.: - ali
in the system
installed
or
three physicz! dñrt'-m so soijie care must be applied in lÍlixirl? different conFor example.
a Shugart 1610-3
control!crSAS.iis
troller types on the same system.
SCSI-2
o?"
Seagate
SCSI
drive
incompatible with a
attachecí clirectly to the
bus since initiali7¿"{ticgn
jnfc)]"li]atior] is required of drir"es Qñ the 1610-3 which
commands.
The control ier
must
not IjÉ sent to Uk-' SÁtSi ciut' to the diff'erin¥
B/P
of'
[ as:
Selection
in
Bias appear
types defi.ned in iñe initial releasc
'The
first
Select Controller
(I)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
Type as:
(j/Yj
ACB-40OOa
Adaptec
Xebec 141Oa/Shugart
SCSI
Seagate
Shugart 1610-4/Minima1
1610-3
SCSI
SCSI-2
Enter Selection
:
Selections two. three and four from Menu 4 allow you to specify the physical
As with other options.
some
parameters of one Qí' the three possible drives.
Reduced
and
Precornpensat
such
do
\x'itii
ion
Write
as
of the paratneter: i
not apply,
SCSI drives,
currerit
but appear here to aiio\\ a peneral configurat ion tool .
settinszs:
in ": quiíre braces arid are selected if only a (:a1"i"ia&"t' Return is
appear
74
B/P
entered.
BPCNFG
(JTÍLITÍES
BIOS
entry configuring
sanípie
A
the
Conner
Activate Drive ([Y]/N) ?
Physical Unit (0..7)
Logical Unit Number (0..7)
Number of Physical Cylinders
Number of Heads
Reduced
Write Starting Cylinder
Wri te Precomp.
Start Cy1 inder
CP-3l00 is:
[O]
[O]
:
[776]
[8]
:
[O]
[O]
:
:
:
Screen
5
6.2.2.5
Partition Parameters.
Menu 5 permits arranping
the physical drive complement
and dividing
physical units into multiple logical
-
into
Logical
Partitions.
5
Menu
-
A:
=
B:
=
C:
=
D:
=
E:
=
F:
=
G:
=
H:
=
I:
=
j
=
:
K:
=
L:
=
M:
=
N:
=
O:
=
p :
=
- Logical
Unit O,
Unit O,
Unit O,
Unit O,
Floppy
Floppy
Floppy
64
64
64
64
Drive
4k/81k,
4k/81k,
4k/81k,
4k/81k,
7984k
200OOk
200OOk
54432k
(998 Trks),
(2500 Trks),
(2500 Trks),
(6804 Trks),
Dirs
Dirs
1024
Dirs
2048
Dirs
1024
1024
O
1
2
No
Drive
No
Orí
No
Drive
No
Orí
No
Drive
----
No
Orí ve
Drive
Drive
Swap
.
Layout
Sctrs/Trk,
Sctrs/Trk,
Sctrs/Trk,
Sctrs/Trk,
-----RAM
1
íwi\ét
No
Ho
ve
ve
---------
Drives,
Enter Selection
2
Configure
Partition
3
Show
Drive
A71ocations
:
example.
For
two specified
logical drives.
Select ion l allows for swapping
the above screen shows a system which will boot from a hard drive.
If tht'
system
for a Floppy-based system you might swap drive A
were being configured
with drive E with Selection 1 as:
Enter Selection : 1
Swap drive
[A..P] : A with drive La..p] : E
Selection ? perníits defininsz— logical partitions on a Hard drive. and of thc
if" active.
RA\! drive.
which to
It queries you for the needed information fromSHOV\HL)
from
(Sec
set
com"erting
interna! Bius values.
existing
an
system,
If
An examí: ñc
6.19) \\iii display the values to enter for a specified Partition.
75
BPCNFG
B/P
of the interaction
BIOS
UTILITIES
is:
Configure which Drive [A..P] : D
Allocation
Size (I, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32k)
Number of Dir Entries
[2048]
[6000]
Starting Track Number
# Tracks in Partition
[6804]
[O]
Physical Unit Number
[4]
:
:
:
:
-
:
Selection 3 from Menu S may be used in conjunction with the allocation
to view
the existin,sz allocations
for a given Hard Drive Unit.
Selecting 3 prorüpís
you
for the besired Hard drive as:
Display Allocations
for which
Hard
Drive
[0..2]
:
thc four
As an exatnple,
will show the current Partitions and allocationm
P-31OÜ
Conner
Menu
depicted in the
partitions on the
screen are repormÁ
and
C:
hc'rt:
on
a
separate screen a":
Partition
Data
Orv
Hard
Start
Drive
Unit
Trk
:
O
End
A
2
999
B
1000
3499
C
3500
5999
D
6000
12803
[any
76
S
key
to continue}
Trk
B/P
6.3
BPDBUG
UTILITIES
BIOS
BPDBUG
-
B/P
Bios
Debug
Utility
This utility provides a low-level tool patterned after Digital Research's DDT,
the ability to handle
but extended to provide a more useful user interface.
and
Z80 and ZIBO mnemonics
banking using B/F' Bios
memory
in disassembly,
oriented to screen output. the
While the description
is primarily
interfaces.
system
permits also sending output to the defined Printer by to,szOperating
gling Control-P which may be enabled and disabled within BPDBUG.
Using
6.3.1
The
BPDBUG.
for
syntax
is simrñe with only three variants
BPDBUG
//
[fn[.ft]]
BPDBUG
BPDBUG
BPDBUG
<-- Print
<-- Execute
"--
Execute
a
as:
short help
BPDBUG
BPDBUG,
message
Loading
named
f i le
relocates the majority of the code to high memory imme-:
overwriting
a file load i:
the
the Command Processor.
diately
If
showrí
above,
and
method
of invocation
the file type
specified ax in the third
is .HEX. then a file in Intel HEX format is assumed and it is com"erted to
binary forní at the specified address.
When
executed.
BPDI3UG
below
BDOS,
In addition to the short help message available with the double-slash option.
front
i.s aval table at a .l l t imes
comníand
summary
the main BPDBUG
It-by inentering
Mark.
The
a Quextion
summary appears
as:
a bui
prcmpt
B/P
Bios
D8ug
V
O .3
-?
-
Available
B{ank}
D{ump}
commands:
Bank#
[From
[To]]
E{nter}
Addr
F{i1l} Start
G{o} Addr
H{ex sum/diff}
I{nput}
Port#
L{ist}
End
Word1
Byte
Word2
[From
[Thru]]
End
Start
Dest
N{ame}
FN[ .FT]
{for Read/Wri te}
O{utput}
Port#
Byte
R{ead
file} [Offset]
T{race}
{Trace mode On}
U{ntrace}
{Trace mode Off}
Number_
W{rite file}
of _ 256-byte _ blocks
X {set
breakpoint}
Addr
Z{ero breakpoints}
M{ove}
"
-
-
?
{Show
this
msg}
77
B/P
BPDBUG
Square
braces in the sumníarv
and abbreviated names indicate
BPDBUG
CQKnmands.
6.3.2
BIOS
indicate optÍonal parameters.
parameters and types.
UT)LITIES
while
text
6.3.2.1
Select
select
followed
in the range of 0..255, simply enter the Command "B"
a memory bank
by the bank
number
Opt ional
in Hexadecimal.
spaces
may be placed
command
Bank
command
and
number.
The
the
the
syntax for
To
Memory
L
letter
between
is
Ban k.
strings
B
]
this
:
B[
Inn
selected by this command will be made the current bank for
Display (D). Enter (E) and List (L) commands.
the specified bank number
If
exceeds
the bank
existing
in the system.
the largest bank number physically
B/P
Header.
number
Bios
will be set to the last bank defined in the
The
Bank
6.3.2.2
number
(Display)
Dump
in
Memory
Hex
and
[
Ascii.
di splays memory contents in both hexadecimal
\-\here
the current byte in the display is a control character
is printed in the ascii column.
a period character
Thi s
and
command
(less
D
asci i form.
than 20!i).
starting
for this command arc IOOH and the TPA bank as the
and 256 as the nuriber
is
of bytes to display
no End Address
of' thc Dump conmand.
subsequent
the Starting address
uses
y\
The Bank: Number
of" the last Dump.
than thc eT}ciiríg- address
TF'A
i!" rierer chanzet"i
irí a session.
bank
the'
last spec'ifiwi.
or
Defaults
if
]
addres:
specified.
'ni!i
i
]
be one'
i remaití
The s\"nt¿-¿µ:
A
sample
of
the
-d1OO 1Zf
01: 01c;'j
Ü1: O11G
01: 0120
This
comníand
output
E073
EIE11
CDAC
Values
Enter
6.3.2.3
.
* e
78
appearinÉj!
44
on
FEQ3 31FE 0321
ADDI 2á2ñ 2AO1
0121 FAFF 197E
in
íha{
is:
[End_Addr]
the screen is:
51)00 7E23 FE2F 2006
Q02E 5A7E FEC3 2018
FE42 20OC 237E FE2F
values into
][Start_Addr]
."#./
..
.(%*. . .Z" . .
!
.".El .#"
..
.S. .1
..
..
.
.
!
]
[
Memory.
permits entering
E[
-e1OO
:41
43
][Start _Addr]
c)i"
Lño!c
-.
D[
'..
i
memory.
A
E
period terminates
.
.
./
]
entrr.
B/P
BIOS
Fill
6.3.2.4
BPDBUG
UTlLITÍES
with Constant
Memory
[
Value.
F
]
Entire: memory areas niay be set to a sinple constant value. with this command.
and the command
Al l thret-' ar;zuments
(Start. End and Value) must be specified,
The
vvii! not bc' executed if fe\\'er arguments
given.
syntax is:
are
F[ ]Start
As an
IOFH
Value
End
example,
the following command sets the sixteen
in the currently selected bank to binary Zero;
lOf
-f1OO
6.3.2.5
1OOE
through
O
(Execute)
Go
bytes from
Program
in
[
Memory.
Execution may be started at any arbi trary address
with the "Go"
assumed
no targ-'t
address is specified.
loor: is
since it is the
ing addrús±, Qt l)rc)?raIÍl>; loaded intc" the Trant: ient Prog.raiñ Arca.
the cornníanci i s :
g
]
conmand.
! f"
nccinál
s"Lm"tThe syntax cC
g[ ][Address]
6.3.2.6
Hex
Sñiti'ie
núinC .
655 it"
Sum
and
íml
j!
ii" an
posit i\"c'
cx¿tlll;)jc-.
suit iiíf'
g
]Va1ue1
oí"!'s,c t of 4SH frorá
and ne?ati\"e address
43
ECFA
Display
a
base
could
of
be
<-- Entered
<-- . .returned
Value
from
that
Input
OED3FH was
determined
:"
COll,-
':l|í[jC}Ü!C)
oi-ckr.
Tht'
Sum
and
dcsireci.
thc re-
as:
Difference
Port.
This coníinand will read the desired Input Port in the range of
Since
display the resulting
byte.
16-bit address calculations
command \l\'j}} properly
read
the built-in ports of the HD64180
syntax of the Input comníand is:
1[ ]port
'ium
]
Va1ue2
-ñed3f
EDá4
H
"Fk:
Uth che
their
ith
H[
6.3.2.7
[
Hcf: ¿:(l¿'c
adüii (icm
and subíracticn
is perforníc: d
'y'jÁ-.. tiíc cL)rlíll¡a.!í(i
c":c'c'uíed
\'\
t\\'o
addresses. both
is
anti d i!'fLrenc"e lalso níodu to 6S53íd
are
di splayed in
Of tl',i> cc)rr¡lÍlan: :1>;
synta'·
¡"q!"
Difference.
[
(J
to
are
and
I ]
CFFFFH
used.
ZlSC).
and
this
_num
79
The
B/P
BPDBUG
(Disassemble)
List
6.3.2.8
Memory
BIOS
UT1L!TIES
[
Contents.
]
L
Disassembly of executable instruct ions in memory is accomplished \',iüj thb,
command.
command.
As with the "Dump"
the starting address defaults to 1OOH
when first
and
be
assumed
loaded,
is
the instruction
following thc last one
to
disasseniblecl for subsequent
of this command if no address is explicitly
uses
23-26
is specified,
entered.
no Ending address
bytes will be contained in
If
The syntax is:
the listing depending on the length of the last instruction.
L[
A sample
of
entry
an
][Start] [End]
and
the resulting
-1120
127
0120
0123
0126
0127
CDACO1
CALL
21FAFF
19
7E
LO
A3D
LO
output with
an
arbitrary
is:
program
<-- Fmered
<-- ..displayed
O1AC
HL, FFFA
HL,DE
A, (HL)
that the actual bytes included in the disassembled instructions
arc also
information
additional
situi
provide
progranis
in
other
lar
to
contrast
to
listed
Additionally.
is displayed after a! ! unconáian e-Ura blank line
for you.
as an al)']Qlutc'
tional jumps and return.x to sc-rre as a visual representation
Tht-"
Zi
Iosz
ZiSO
coc'ex,
mneinonic>,
chanze
standard
íjcm.
control
in
are
--
Xote
Move
6.3.2.9
[
Contents.
Memory
perniitc blocks oí data to be moued within
checkinµ is performed to insure that overlapping
correct iy sq that rüinc'r sFíi ft s iÍí blocks of data may
conil1ianü!
1a :
svntar for thi s
Thü
command
bounds
M[
6.3.2.10
This
write
The
Set
File
Name
Send
command
a
Value
forms
specified
[
for Read/Write.
and
optional
until
type
changed
or
prior to
BPDBUG
N
]
a rc'aci
or
is exited.
]Fi1eName[.Fi )eTyp]
to Output
Port.
of
the complement
addressed
'Lo
the
byte
0[ ]Port
BO
Memory aCidres'.s
meníory.
addresm.s
are |?-1nci]c'.!
Tiíc'
be accomplistcíj.
Destination
is teed to set thc fije name
The nanie remains active
operation.
syntax is:
6.3.2.11
sends
End
command
N[
Thi s
IStart
]
M
_num
Value
[
O
the Input command covered above
The syntax is:
Output port.
]
.
It
é/P BIOS
E?PDBUC
UT!L!T!ES
with ail argunienti-,.
oñi\' the last two l for
prcssion.
As
6.3.2.12
a File
Read
Thi s command
reads
default address of
of Offset+l0OH.
syntax of the Read
if
a
into
morc
j3yte )
digi ts than tho nurri!)cT" needed
or four (foj" an address) are
[
Memory.
the Í'i Le specif led by
100!1
is
no offset
The Offset
value must
Command is:
{if
the li lc' is loaded, you wi } l be inforníed
default address for the' base cjf current memory
(\"t: j"t i .
the Ia"A Ot)c ]Qad¿'(! by thc E'.eaíi ("I)rr!nianl-i
{t
'3í32n
Activate
]
the Name conunand into memory at the
specified),
or at a starting addrcss
The
be specified
in Hexadecimal.
When
6.3.2.13
R
][Offset]
RÍ
NE:
are spcci f'i ed.
in the ex-
used
of" the current
sctt ing of" U): .
(PC value j and the byte M"tt'i"
The display niiµht appear
¿:
-,:
PC
"1l:)(!
Trace
Mode.
[
T
]
T..)
(lL: l)uµ'?}I:I2
a>:
PrO77"I¿ní>r.
Traci.'
a
l.S
]RQll: dL:,í í\l]jc!")
}'µ
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Trace'
H
81
:'
BPDBUG
De-Activate
6.3.2.14
This
full
Trace
B/P
command turns
speed
with no
Mode.
Write
6.3.2.15
the Trace
trapping.
to
Mode
UTlLITIES
[
Mode.
Trace
File
BIOS
off
Entering
so
that subbequer!t
a single
letter
6.3.2.16
Set
]
execut ion occurs at
deactivates
the
"U"
[
Storage.
above.
This corríníand is the coniplenient
to the Read command couered
1OOH
and writes
the specified
that the data to be written starts at
256-byte blocks to the file last specified with a "Name" coirnar.d.
of this command is:
W[
U
W
]
It
assumes
number
of
The syntax
]#B1ocks
[
Breakpoint.
X
]
v:
uscd
the prograw
to be exec'úIcÑ
tú taµ locations
i
\\'i
l teinporari ly stop esecut inp and either
when executed.
BPhMXí
L-;j
BPDJ3UG
pronji")t
tu thtor pi" int informat ior. for t he Trace output .
1\"9'
Tht' syntax is:
bre¿1kIjQiI]t"
ntay be act
at any point in t ime.
This
conímuná
ithin
is
mm
XI
Clear
6.3.2.17
[
Breakpoints.
Entering
6.3.2.18
Display
cQn!ní¿1:
Entering
c!isípláy
82
te:
1v\()
]Address
clears al ! breM: points sUt \\iti"", the
the single !erte1" "?1" clears all bI"ea;: ;)oir,t>.
Thi.s
uncle'r
retun":
)c!
On-Line
commarxl
]
citet! áÑu\'t'.
[
Help.
a
single Questiorí \kírf: ("""l as a
containinp a sunima: ry of" the conmands
::
Z
?
]
cíisplaí>. the' Buiíci-ln
arailab!e froíii \\'iúúñ I3PbBL'C,.
conunancl
Icíg
B/P
- Floppy
BPFORMAT
6.4
BPFORMAT
UT1LfT!ES
EllOS
Disk
Format
Utility
?eneral-purpose format routine for Floppy Fisk Drives in the
It autoniatically adapts to the specific hardwari: used iri
present a single interface across a wide range of platforms,
in
the abi } ity to format disks in formats not implemented
This capabilitv
allows you to format disks for exchan,sze with
your computcr.
other users in their natire disk format using the same library of alien disk(see 6.8).
formats used bv- the EMULATE proµrant
BPFORMAT is the
B/P Bios system.
to
your computer
and
incorporates
This program is B/F' Bios-specific and will not function
under other Bios
systems, and with
systems. Its operation is the same under banked or unbanked
the rnany types of' physical Disk Controller
integrated circuits available.
In
the ini tial version. the fol lowing Controller
types are supported:
765
1792
6.4.1
6.4.1.1
1692
1793
Using
1770
1?95
1771
2790
1772
8473
1790
9266
1791
BPFORMAT.
Formats.
Built-in
The
simpies:
\'\"á\"
oí forrlÍa[:
diskettes is to use one of" th'-' forniats'
tht-' cur1"enEly-ru!;nin!? B/T' Lsios.
BPFOR)L'\T may bc' invoked by s i níply
the' progríírñ
nar[!c'
()1"
tu' fol 1()\\ int' i l \t"i th a drir"c'
tct" and colon áfj
.
t
in
in2
lt't
inc!uc¡L'¿:
ent c' t" i-nµ
:
BPFCRMAT D:
Optiona)jy.
?Canit':
¿:
cii"i\"c
ass7\)(j!(it¿:
WORK:
i :.z
";jq'f"
Lí
iñ·j;
i c!i!"'g'·¿í('} \" ñiX,\' j'er]¿1cc the' c'irirc !í'ítt'r
i'-lí t!it-' !'¿ill:¿'("l (Éii"L:c'to¡"y. Tl'r e> anipfc.
?()
l't'· ii'¡"i \"(-' C: . i. s'.' r l L) . thc conini: -írui
\i
EJPFCRMAT
\',"QüÉi
!"¿)r;íi¿¡T
an'-j \'.."iií
it"
a
cl
!'jI"n]:
irecíory
it
tlzt
namc-c:
WORK:
(" :
'\'
!l't"iu-'
»ú: í i!]',"c)kcci
in c' iíhc::' of' tht' above mcinner> . N'FORMAI"
l()rrl;I: L:"3 a"caiíab!e for
II
the but
drive frorri those included in
tht-:
(in l ,'
lc [)r'í"j.L.1r) ía: ui opt ioua! !\" 1)PFiZ.LIF!.
see sect ions 4. l and 4. 2) .
tho"tc'
be prc'xenteci.
formats whict"i e-tact ly mtch the drive characteristics
and so
so only SO-track f(jrnl¿"zty, u'i l l be of i'ered for an SO-track drive
For e-\atíl;)}c'.
the offerinµs
for a jO-track 5.25" disk drive may result in:
iii
It-in.
iíst
fi
this
will
Available
A
Select
-
forth.
formats are:
Ampro
format
DSDD
(^C
B
- Ampro
to exit)
SSDD
:
precautions
apainst
inadvertently formatting
diskettes, conf'irmat ion
proriipts are included as the propram progresses. and the opportunity
exists to
the-'
from
eqcape
format p1"oAraní to Command processor.
An example
at
appears
this poirit where a (":o}ítrol-(' aborts the' format operation.
As
83
B/P
BPFORMAT
Library
6.4.1.2
If
in
BIOS
UTIL!T1ES
Formats.
formattiñfz
selections
of a diskette is desired in a format not supported by the builtfeatured in the execuíin2 Bios, the library of formats used by
EMULATE (, see 6.8) may be used.
Reasons
for using the library may range from
need
used
níode
format
the
in a
on another type of computer
to
to a choice made
by
when
unavailable
sizing constraints,
as
for
internally
tailoring a sYstem
Whatever
Boot
the reason, this flexibility is offered as
Track installation.
feature of B/P Filos and is specified by specifying
the L Option
an inherent
when invoking 13PFORMAT
If"
command
specifying
drive
the
line
on
the desired
.
end
exauíple
above.
add
in
either
siinply
(vÁth
as
the option character at the
optional slash) as:
BPFCRMAT D:
for the drive letter as part of the I'rc)graI}i flcm.
to inform BPFORMAT that you are speci t"yin>' the
The invocat ion thereby becomes:
instead of Drive L:
you wish to be
If
the slash becomes
Library
option
prompted
mandatory
.
BPFCRMAT
executed
forrííats which
A
.
/L
Library opíion, you will be presented wi th a me'nu cR"
with the physical
drive as defined in the Lsios
niay 1.)e· used
:íaníµje
display appears
as:
When
header
L
',\'i.tñ
Available
TJltj
formats are:
A
B
E
rx SSDD
- Act
H89/40
IS
I - Osborne IS
H89/40
2D
- MD-3
- XBIOS-3 2D
-
F
M
N
SSDD
ID
ID
2X
Ampro
- H89/40
j - Osborne
H89/40
- PMC-1O1
- XL-M180
Select format ("C to exit)
DSDD
Q
V
G
K
O
S
R
U
C
T2
-
80 SSDD
H89/40
lX
Ampro DSDD
QC-l O DSDD
Sanyo
1000
VT1
D
H
L
P
T
- H-100/4
2
Kaypro
- H-1
- Kaypro 4
- TV 802/803
1Cí
O(J
DSDD
:
format will Sél ail parariletc'rs
and
Enterinµ a Control-C at this point
format operat ion.
Conunand
Processor at this point avoiding any inad\'eT"\wil j return you to the
formatting.
ent disk:
letter: corre>;pon[iirl? to
one of thí'
í\'i th the
proceed
Enterinµ:
s
a
source to the Format librarv is provided in the B/P Bios pa.s'kagc'
distribution pack-as an aid in accepting. forrnats not included in the default
age.
or to experiment with new forniats.
The
Assemblv
Configuration.
6.4.2
T\4"c)
opt
find
neou:
84
lkí)S-[
-,
t for
corÍjioriat)]¿-.
ion",
üutpui-
é.\"i
>:
tc the
cu-"noní
The
('(7r|sL)it·.
TIPFOFNAT 1() operatc
in a rtíeíhoú yí-iú
Quic·t
minimize e: ':tmoption which
Boolean
by
flag consisting of a Byíe
a
set
tal Iqi_ ing
fir: is
It is
':t
a
will
B/P
UTlLITIES
BIOS
BPFORMAT
at an offset of li (OBH) bytes from the beginning of the prograrii. A Zero byte
and
in this location signif les Verbose
operation where all defined prompts
A Non-Zero
is displayed.
value (normally OFFH) indicates
status information
that Console
output should be minimized with only essential output displayed.
option is for selection of the File Name and Type to be used for
The default
the Library of formats used with the L option.
value of this
entry is ALIEN.DAT
(in formatted FCB form) which is also used with the EMULATE
program. This field begins at an offset of 12 (OCH) bytes from the beginning
of the program.
The
second
6.4.3
BPFORMAT
Error
Messages.
be wheel
to FORMAT!!!
As a safety
feature,
Thi s
message
error
Must
diskettes.
thorization.
ERROR
only users with Wheel privileges
ríiay foj"ñkit
ident if les an attempt without the proper au-
B/P
Bios, or Old Version !
In ñ1oxt cases, this error v\'i II be seen if an attempt is riiade to
format a ciisj: uncki" a Bios other than B/P Bios.
of the mandatory data
Ifis some
haí"e bet'ri
made
altered.
structurt'q
an
attempt
to run the reíecís: c'
or
version of t'/P Bios under one of the early test versions of B/P Bios. this'.
níe.ssage
uill also be displayed.
***
!
Not
if
***
ERROR
The
format is not supported by FORMAT!
displayed
a format froní a library O!' form'-u
error will
if
ibie v,ith thc' specified drire. such as if a 5.25" forníat is sclectS:
" cii'i\t-.
!
Thü>
i->
ed
inconipat
foj- an
m'*
ERROR
selected
be
The
detected FDC is not supported by FORMAT!
Rios reported ?! Floppy bisk Control lei' (FDC) that is riot Ít!
of controllers supported by BPFORMAT.
To vi eít the ] ist of cQñ\_iét\'
su})pc)1"í("L].
thü internal Help by using the double-slash opt ion.
!
The
the'
trol
list
]e1">)
***
ERROR
!
Disk is Write Protected!
attempt was made with the Write Protect Tab ON (for 5.25"). OFF
(for S") C)l" iii the Protect position
(3.5") for the specified disk.
the
Set
disk to Read/Write by altering the physical setting and try to forrnat the disk
again.
An
***
ERROR
Disk won't recalibrate
drive heads could not be restored to Track
error is often due to a failure in the drive mechanisni,
but
by deformed
diskettes or loose drive cable.
The
!
O
can
position.
also be
'Thi
caused
Format
!,
Error : xx
error was detected duriníz— the forwat process. The 'Fu: " \í'i t i 1)¿·
the
byte returned by the Bios portion of the forniat routine'. and
set to a "l" value should represent an error code decipherable fi"oHí tlit:
bits
FLK
Data or progranntÁnµ"
sheet.
An
He.xadec'iníaj
85
BPFORMAT
+++
B/P
Can't
fn.ft
BIOS
UTILITiEs
Open :
BPFOR'vÍAT could not open
be in
must either
format library, it
it either via the PUBlic
bit
To access a
the format library fi le.
the default library. or accessible frorií
ZSDOS
path.
or along the
m formats available for this drive!
(
This error will be reported
no forrnats
internal or from a
how
format library, depending on
invoked)
supported
was
on the speciare
it
5.25/3.5"
fied drive.
formats
for
drives and
internal
For example,
all
are
if
8"
drive, then no formats will be availthe target drive is specified as an
BPFORMAT
is invoked using the internal format method of operation.
able if
if
86
B/P
BIOS
BPSWAP
6.5
BPSWAP
UTlLITIES
Logical
-
Disk
Utility
Swap
This utilitv- m \,jv\s vou
the drire letters ciefinirw , two !o£"ic¿i'
to exchange
.
drives or partitions within the system
It performs an-y operat ions necessary
to properly adjust the Operating System to account for drive redefinition, and
relops both drives using Dos Function : to force rebuilding of the Allocation
Bir Map.
r
is a B/P Bios
ir":
mar be operated
an
cQR¡!rlan(!
passed
on the
passed
on the' c'omniand
and vtill not
utility
interact i\"é mode,
BPSWAP
execute under aríy other systení.
it
ful 1\"· "expert" mode with arFuni€'r!t: ·,
line, or a combination where the first drive iettt-'i" lX
linc and the second entered in response' to a query. i f
running in the interactive' níodc', entering
instt-'ac! of a dr \"'_
a Control-C
\l\'j
í and
Comriiand
}]
interrupt
the
Processo: ". FiPS'i'n'S
return to the
letter
prugraí:
undúr
7cjj'k \\'ittj the "GG" coriir!"lanci.
is rU-c: ·:ecíItaÍ.};E
6.5.1
6.5.1.1
To
Using
BPSWAP.
Operation.
Interactive
Í3!U',',
c-\"c'CUtc
7! U
]}}"¿: F!"¿¿:':.
t':
',!"'
'-
"
i
i
:
' Í'F'
:
i
] ? :_·
-
' "" z
l'
¿j y. :
'h¿;;
tht-·
'
'"'"
:"
:í¿2!ilL'
'
.
!giC"
gtx-u . j . /7, . e'·j¡)..j:
'
- .
ñi'njL
.
s;q¡!"'l:
,
'
.
X)'\ ':'k:c
' i-
,.
,m
BPSWAP
TÍ?.-'
:Ji'-
Liil",í;
'.'.i:
-: ;'¿¿;
: 1">
;7"jjj,
:
1;'·: ,
S\"Stúiii
anu!
|rliE'!}:
'jñ'\ jro:
.
t
íi: t Iii,:
cj¡y-
'
First Drive to
\ ',
tlíí
{""ñf
',
i\' ", i A ' " ' l . :z tj! i\"'
sj"'-'\'j lg-: - ,,,., '- ("' :'
"Á—{"
','h)clt ,? ' ' "r : '-
4" - 7"
i I . w
. .
I
! e' :
l(-'
\· : a· \ ,£.
:
ji;.'j'".'.,i>c"
rzú¿m'"ttcl
lc
".·',"
l I)'.'
"
\'· lit" · 'i
r
.
',',"j!-j; ?
"
Second
7'"·'S',':
.",:'
rLÍ'b!)("/:
: "c';"'j'¿tt¿'í!l}
Lt-i" iú
t í(j1í: -. o!
rccí' i\_cí.
tltc Qtíjc': .
Command
f'c: '
ímcl'í
Line
RPKQA!' can accept and
Qr(icí"
to inc !1j('¿' CÍ!Ú\
To invoP.c
the prograní
Á?ttc'rs
!ach (Yj"
c'h¿,!
ín
¿j¿ ¿i;';"-'
t!"it-
'"o '" :"íi'i,
ck
C
!jr{-';:
¿':
splay
:"
.
i ' t":
x"
\ a. j 1 \$
::l"'1 :
Swap
\
ILcí'.
proíii]4
] 't
re"·ü
E~j
§';:
t!7t-:'
)}','.¿': "::·.
:
l
'J'í,uu ! \.i i /é
cha?'a¿[t':
iñ'íAid
.
'.',' i : !
-" ]'
G!"
Fl/P
:
l \j\' L'l"C¿: t"·é
.4! l
\,) :"
"!""'
tl"rouµí:
}"'
Drive to
t'r.t: "i.--.
¿(i
i"'Io|"|j: "L ir: ,;
let
6.5.1.2
}z!"6
uppv
sc!i r"unninz' tht-'
[A..P}
Swap
(
u E'"
:
}
[A..P]
t': t L'7"
i li
I yi-
repeatúA
ch: t
jg;
a
t,'
t, . · i ,
t' t,
l -.-
' '
;" "'('""
t
·J
: {' } -
""z.
I:
,
.Y' : t, : , ,
Sl
:
-. ! L
! ·'
'. I: ..
"l
I"}l, "' t-",t ·,
g , , SU
:
líA point 1r a: i identical ni,'ínnei" tí' thí" í"ii""t
\t'hen
\"¿'.;jj
i raí id lette: ". or the abort charactcr.
iíYzica! drive is reassigned to the physical definí,¿'.
:
-
:
a
Operation.
d:ri',"e
e': chañgeú:
letters passed to it on the CQDírh[: ncí ! inc-' in
in Startup scripts oí" other a! la: -: comíancÉ -..
in thi e manner.
namt' \{'it!l t\i"¿j
dri \"¿'
enter the program
the-'
l"ang{-' cp ",\" through "P" with a delimiter
between
eac'h fiéií: .
cl: " i\"t' !rü ícr>i nic:
b.£liIl¡j'.: Í::
y be fol !ím'ed. by an opt iorüit CCjÉt7ñ.
Áñ..i
¿-. c ím
Cormíia.
A su{íl[ílary
of the' coFl: r!et€' S}'l: t¿íi- i:-:
.
t·¡uí'<.
parse
u
BPSWAP
[:
]
[:
]
87
B/P
BPSWAP
illustrate.
To
the
foiiowim are valid
BPSWAP
BPSWAP
A:
D,
cornme.nds
E:
execut
<-<--
H
BIOS
UTlLITIES
insz BPSWAP:
m
Exchange
Exchange
E
D
drive with
drive with
A
FI
If
character is detected for either or both of the drive letters
in the Conímand Line mode. operation automatically
reverts to the
Interact ive mode and the respect ire prompt (S) will be giren for val id dz'ive
letter{s). This feature permits a hybrid mode of operation to be specified
wherein thc first CÑi\"é letter is passed on the Command Line, and the second
entered in response
to the second drive prompt.
an invalid
when called
BPSWAP
6.5.2
The
only
rial rout
thi"
cu"j"q3"
ineú,
utility
afít'r
cesú-ÜI
8
g
"nhich
;';¿í
.
Messages.
v:
hich
níessage
\"¿íii(ia'LE'
which
on
Not
+++
Error
othcr
B/P
Z"')iL)se$
Bios
...
pc'int
tÍ2c'
i)1"'-'¿':
eficít
c':
Cií"S\t.
í
may l'c' pi in'.cc!
Ü)c presence
"¿-l!|"f
¿;j
¿i!'.-"
BPS\4A-"'
of a 13,/!'
in tite crroí":
restlts
aborting
by
is in response
to irnc: 'té-'
Any at t enipt
Blot,.
i"ua
+++
i't
:('{::£l:.
.-
ano!
ionu
cont
','.
ill
rc'í ret
Qccu:
"
if
7'1"c). to'. thc'
í!zis error i> dis¡'!cíye'.: .
L'!"ñ:
(.'C)!ll¡"ii¿'l!"i'.!
-
B/P
BIOS
BPSYSGEN
6.6
BPSYSGEN
UTILITlES
-
Utility
Generation
System
is our generic version of the classic SYSGE!\" program used to place ar}
executable systení image onto the boot sectors of a Floppy or Hard Disk.
It
information provided by the Bios in the form of DPB/XDPB data (see 5.2.31
uses
which defines the physical and logical drive characteristics
to write system
information from the system tracks of one drive to another, or from an image
(see 6.16) to the boot tracks of a drive.
produced by MCNXSYS
BPSYSGEN
6.6.1
6.6.1.1
Using
BPSYSGEN.
Interactive
Operation.
basic Interactive
the
Line prompt
The
mode
Command
is
initiated
by
simply enterinµ
the
program
nanie
at
as:
BPSYSGEN
will fiio>t be prompted for the source drive from where to obtait a bcncitable systeni imaµe, then for a destination
Td provicíc
drire to save the image.
SéÍÜés>
period'ú,
a \"isüai clue that the program
is executing, a
of
is pz"iñtcuí on
\\"i
thú' .scrt't'n
ea.t'k
daüm
At iht.
th
period represent iñ€ a physical sector of
coI]c'iusic)r} of the opt i"at ion. the program exits to the Con:ni:-tncl
Prcj{'L'6f.í"): "
Yqu
promp
¿
.
binary
tnicks of
A
al"?uIlien[
fijtj
¿l
|)rociucL'{:
hcu"ci
c)!"
f
i
É).\"
!c)I?i'"\"
\fo\"': S\"S
í!isP: by
(sec'
6.
he
J6!
sj'ecifyin°
.-
maj
tin-' t'
¿¿$ :
lle
pkíct-'d
ñáElé
as
Qñ
a
the sys: tc:ií
conímanc! ! : ríe
8PSYSGEN B: ZSDOS64 .BIN
\4'ht.'n
ac:i\"ateci in thú: 1háññ(T". you \\'iij be prompted
for the des'rinatio: í ch 1\'¿B1'S\"SGF\"
jocíd'-í
image
and
af
the
tc'r
validates
it'tttí'
file
it as a \ziiicj Y"st€-íi,
i m¿-.b: t' .
.4]1erT)[dti\"U'I: \". \"o'j niay replace the file nam' v\'itíi a drive ie:tú:
foilo: ied by a CcÜoñ to autoniatic'al ly load the image from a specifíc drire. and
Ft l?]"O!"l"l;)tC'(!
for the dc'stinat ion ái'i\"tj.
6.13.1.2
Comman d
Line
Operation.
A sinszle
operation mar be coniMetely
specified from the command line arguments
M
L
thereby avoiding drire protnpts. When invoked in this manner,
the first argument specifies
the source for the sysrem (drive designator or file) with the'
second
argument
being the drive specification
on which to place the bootable
ima,t'e.
The syntax for the Command Line method
system
of operation is:
BPSYSGEN
{d:
:
fn[.ft]}
d:
<--
d
is drive
in
jA..pj
89
B/P
BPSYSGEN
6.6.1
BPSYSGEN
***
Read
Error
Error
unrecoverable error
tracks of a drive, or
Bad
UTILlTIES
Messages.
An
***
BIOS
encountered reading either
specified bootable fije.
the boot
was
a
Source!
The
source drive
does
not exist
or could not
be
selected.
*** Write Error
unrecoverable error was encountered
drive.
the specified destination
An
***
Bad
of
tracks
destination
cii"i\"és
does
not exist
or could not
be
selected.
No System!
There
arc"
Tracks on the Source
no raiic! Sysieni
aní)nÍa]c)us
condit ion (more than 3
an
Drive. or
waí, cit"tectt-d.
*** Can't
Open
Source
oí" bestinaticm
reserved tracks
l
File!
spec'ifieci boot in}¿-¿?e Í'i le could not
occurreti duÑng: the atíe!(lrte(i File ópe: i.
The
90
boot
Destination!
The
***
writin2 the
L)l'
locatc'íi.
or
an
error
B/P
6.7
COPY
UTILITiES
BIOS
COPY
Generic
-
File
Copy
Utility
derived from the ZCPR3
program
the many modif ications by Bruce
MCOPY48 with
further enhancements
writtetí by
GoldIt
in
in the spirit of the
ZSDOS
environníent .
File date stamping is supported for the full range of
stampinµ capabilities provided by ZSDQS. A user-definable
"Exclusion list" is
two
now supported to prevent copying of specific
files or file groups, and
COPY
options to ease file backups
with the Archive bit have been added.
is
and
and
MCOPY,
also níore user-friendly
than
provides increased error checking
user feedback.
is a
Richard Conn.
stein and others
copy
file blends
COPY.COM
!'4COPY
tool
Morgen.
Howard
As with
only operates in the Command Line Driven or Expert mode.
the
ather utilities provided with ZSDOS, COPY displays a short Help message whcn
The Héj['
invoked with a double-slash argument
in Section 1.2.
as explained
messa,ze
also includes a list of arailable
options along with Ü)(" effect of'
each when included as command i ine arµuments.
COPY
While COPY
is ready to run without special instaliation procedures. you may
\\'i"jj íc) chanpe t!r: cíeíau!t parameters to customize it to your operating style.
you can rriininíize the number
In this manner.
of keystrokes required to perform
o!-)¿'rat
To
ions by avoiding passing many opt ions on the command l ine.
rout inc
set dcfault conáit jQñs. insure that COPY.CON. COPY.CFG and ZCNFG.C(-): \l and
arailable
to the: >.ystem. and execute ZCNFG as describeá in Section J.S oí thc'
! ,(]
ZSDOS
6.7.1
The
de$[
8Y'f¿inu¿£i
.
Using
ba~ ic
COPY.
fcjí"
COPY
fol Io\\"s
oriszina! CP/M format b^i" list in: : ip!drive/user.
an equal sign,
then the source dr ive/user and i'i It:
An alternate
acidcd hy Bruce
!'jorµen
nanie .
synta-':
in NCOP\"4S permits specifyin "
tl'al}Sjí"ei"S,
"Source-Dewt
forní
iri the
ination"
popularized in MS-DOS.
in th>í
and f i iena: ne. a s;mc'-'.
ai ternaíe form you first enter the source drive/user
and thcn tht-· desñination
and optional
drive/user
filenariíe.
Usinµ the D(j¡"l!t¿li
sylilt)Qiog: \". thc-' s\"ñtáx
su!1¡lllaTizet":
is
as:
or
If
s\."nta-\"
inaíion
thc'
COPY
dir: [fn.ft]=[dir:]fn.ft,...
COPY
[dir: ]fn.ft dir: ,... [/]options
[/]options
destination filename
is specified. a number
of unique files rnay be'
by
specified
directory
to
catenating source files separated with
\\'here
commas .
a destination
name is specified,
both source and des[irÉ.í: file
tion file names and types must be free of wildcard characters.
This popular
"Rename"
feature in a copy was a much requested acidit ion to the ZSDOS
cc)7\"
utility. Options to tailor the actions of COPY may be appended after the
source file list.
no
copied
Yc-·t
a
another
root .
lñt:
j]LS.
s
I!"
al l
!\lL'(j)p\"
Jes was retained
from
of transferring
the oriszinal
fi
—
inat ion driue,/usei" is recognized in the cornmand i ine a: szureferenced files- wi !1 be copied to a default drive/us±r
locat ion
method
ciest
no
91
COPY
B/P
Bios UTILITIES
The default
which is contained in the header
portion of COPY.
Drive B. User O in the distribution program but may be changed
below. If options are desired with this syntax, the slash option
The syntax for this method
Manda tory.
is summarized
as:
[dir: ]fn.ft,...
COPY
location
is
described
delimiter
is
as
/options
Various conf iguration opt ions detailed
later allow you to customize COPY to
suit your operating style. For example,
status displays of each operation may
be suppressed
for a "Quiet" mode, verification that copied files match the
original (or at least produce the same error check code ) riíay be enabled or
method
disabled, etc.
of Date and Time Stamping
is actire under ZSDOS.
If ainformation
be
Stamp
transferred
the original
the destinat ion fi le.
to
will
examples
The follovcing
in the "Verbose" method of operation will serré lo
illustrate by copying a file' froní the current Drive and User area to the' sariic
dí"ií'c·. Csei" 10.
COPY
ZXD.CCM
10:
ZSEÜS)
Version 1.71
.CCM
Copying
C2: ZXD
to ClO:
.Ok
.CCM.
ZXD
(Dated)
Veri
->
(for
COPY
fy.
.Ok
Errors
O
In this case. !\ó file cjf the sanie naníc existed in the c]estiI"latic)r} area. bu t
inf"orníat
ion was.
sq the source staníp
was act i\"v.
forw of Fi le Stamping
1\"
Perforníing t ht sanie-' ri: -t i\Ñt"\"
successful
tráñsfér'"cz' to the dcqíinriti()r¡.
with the other syntax now produce":
some
COPY
1O:=ZXD.CCM
ZSDOS)
Version 1.71
.CCM
Copying
C2: ZXD
to ClO:
.CCM
Replace
Same
ZXD
->
(for
COPY
O
(Y/N)?
Y. .Ok
(Dated)
Veri fy.
.Ok
Errors
and Fi le Síanínim
f lle of' the same nante.
Since COPY ñO\l\' detected a destination
in effect, COPY
were
option
checking
(another
duplicate
as
as well
flag)
and
compared
dest
both
Modified
dates
the Last
ination f líes.
source
for
"Replace Same" was issued, and received a {i" les
the prouipt
Finding a match.
Other responses, depending on the results
response
to copy the file anywar.
"Replace
Older", which means that an older fi le
comparison
of the date
are
Newer"
"Replace
and
which means that you are tryin&
destination,
exists on the
rhe
destination
with
an older version.
on
to replace a newer file
is made if a duplicate file is found to determine if the
Public file is detected on
with the pL'Biic Attribute bit.
was
Ifis a printed.
file
Answering Yes to
effect
the destina[ion
the
warning
drive. a
to
has",
ZSDOS
Read-Only
v\"ii
l
unless
in
a
result
error
rep!aceníent at this point
been set to pertntt 'A'I"i[eg
to Public Files (see 2.S.3 cjf the zsros 1.() 3lanuai i.
A
similar
error
check
found
As
92
stated
earlier.
COIl"
has
no
Interactive
niode
of operation
per
se.
but tij't
B/P
BIOS
COPY
UTlLITIES
in a solu€'\i'he¿t
Inspect opt ion provides a means to select files for transfer
mode,
by
interactive
manner.
the file specificaIn this
ali files selected
tion in the comniand line are displayed, one at a time, and yov may enter "Y"
to copy the file. "X" to Not copy the file, or "S" to forget the rest of the
An exaniple
selected files.
copying all files from the current Drive and User
10
User
is:
to
COPY
10:
*.*
Ii
Version 1.71 (for
=Y
Copying C2: ????????.???
Inspect
Yes,
--
BU16
BU16
.CCM
COPY
.COM
COPY
.Z80
.MZC
-
No (def ), Skip
(Y/N/S)? Y
(Y/N/S)? N
(Y/N/S)? Y
(Y/N/S)? S
If operacinsz G. in the \'t'rbosc
copies progress.
6.7.2
COPY
ZSDC'S)
to ClO:
niocie.
status
Rest
on
each
ii le
wit
I
be
printed
¿g.y
tht'
Options.
opt ion characters are availai: Ae to custoniizt' COPY ope,"at 1q!"!>. :"\l":)xt l7Í'
thesr opíior'.s níav be set as default conditions using Al Hawley's ZC\"FG Config!
A! terriat i\'¢-']t".
uration Utiliu'.
vou ruar enter ant' of thezí orí íht- con,iüaníi
int'
tht- funct- i(-/ñ5 cjf" ¿'i sinµ'ie o}.ftú"at iori.
te' a!ter
'The comnianci i ine opt ion ci]aj"¿.':
te1".q
art a: -- follo'í>:
Sereí"al
A
I M
"
N
O
Q
S
V
E
X
-
4rchir'-'
Tl'"{ f'ol" l-íltí'
Inspect Fi!e>
!
t i i (¿' CO¡7\ "
\"0 repictcemc'nr
I!"e"t E: ·:istencc'
3fu
r
Iú: istencí'
jf
of
File
R,/O
let
e.íciude System Files
\."eri fy
Archire Only if File
exists
Files on Destination
Qu
exists
the brief syntax summaries
listed above, you will note that the standard
option delimiter. a slash, is optional if both source and destination
specifications are listed on the command line.
only
one
specification
is
listed.
If
is when copyin? to the default drive. the delimiter
is Mandatory. Each option
is described in the following paragraphs.
From
6.7.2.1
Archive
Option.
When this option
is act i\"c" either by specifying
in the command line or a> a
def"autt. only files which do Not have their Archive Attribute set \i"iiÉ M scIected.
After the selected fijes are copied. the Archive Attribute on tht'
Sdui'cl'
file will bc Set u-) indicate that the file has been "Archí\_ecí". V\'hen
93
B/P
COPY
BIOS
UTILITIES
used
in conjunct ion with the default drive and user settin?s,
the A option
The deprovides a simple method oí archiving files in a single user area.
by
!\jo
is
Off,
of
control
the Archive
fault for this option
for
selection
Attribute. Adding the A option to the corninand line reverses the conf igured
setting.
It should
Copy)
files,
6.7.2.2
be
opt ion.
and they
File
this option
noted that
first
The
will not
copy
appear
is
incompatible with the "M" (Multiple
operation will set the Archive bits on sejecteci
in subsequent
copies.
Option.
Existence
This option controls the test for an already-existing
file on the destination
Adding
the E opt ion to the command I ine argument
dr ive by the same naníe .
The default
in the ZSDOS
distribution verrererses the confipured setting.
Check
On.
This opt ior: does not affect
sion is
for Existing
the
files.
or
check
for PL'Hlic fi les on the destination
cirire. which is always active.
6.7.2.3
Inspect Files
Option.
illustrated previously. tii€ I option prm'ides a weans of select i\"étj' copyeacl^. file.
The distribution defauk
inµ files. without entering the name
!\"'j[
Specifyiní'
selected
inspect the
for this option is off, or
fileconfigured
list.
conwianc!
arguuíent
line
[he
settiríp.
list reverses
this option on the
As
OÍ'
cic\
6.7.2.4
Multiple
Optiorí.
Copy
Thi" ol)ticj!: may I)c l!sl'cj to ccy'y a file'. L)i" ?rQUl? of files to the SáíMj' íi: "É':C'
sereraí tinie.s. as \\Íj€ñ nlakin2 .- sé\"fj"¿-"j copies of the same fije group on ciif'ñ--rent
is ?i\"el') bcf"oi"e each copy operat iozí begins. and "Ají-! ní."ty
cIiskm A pronipt
Thu distribuc!"iange cíix7.: s before beginnin>' the ccq'y.
c)j"
abort at thc prÜn¿i'¿ .
!\"g)
Aclclinp
fen"
ÚllS'
copyin}.
Ñultipíe
the M
o;ñicní is off. for
tion default
!
int a1'szu!]len[
list re'ierses the configured sett!ñz i"Ctt'
opt ior, to the cQrl\}lja|](i
thix option.
6.7.2.5
Option.
No Replacement
line argument. the N option
of a file which already exists on the destination
and a]Kays
be configured.
the same
assumes
cannot
The
default initial state for this option
called.
ment of existin2
4- files.
When added
6.7.2.6
as
a
comruand
Read-Only
This c'j:'t ion. when
fÍá£! wliiclí checks
and type with the'
94
File
This option
Drive/Usei".
COPY
when
is
initial state
Off
permit
replaceis
io
Test.
added
fo:
will not allow replacemení
'
a.s
an
arguiüent
the existence
Re'ac!-ím1y
.
of'
·
the com t" igurecj
s€'tt ing
satisfyin&
the specified
7f this flag is active and a
reverses
fi
attribute set.
)e( s)
oí"
a
name
Read-
COPY
UTtLITIEs
B/P
BIOS
Only
is located satisfying
file
The
(File
overwritten.
E
cally
files are handled.
6.7.2.7
the criteria. the file will not be automatiExistence) fía? will still dictate how other
Quiet Option.
used on a system
with ZCPR3, this option causes a reversal in operation
Q
the ZCPR3 Quiet flag is active. COPY with the
of the ZCPR3 Quiet flag.
If
ZCPR3
ZCPR3,
niode.
option operates in a Verbose
or the
If you do not use option
as
Quiet
defines
the
will disable
Environment
inactive, this
flag
mode of operat ion.
There is no
Quiet
a
messages
console
for
unnecessary
default condition for this option, and it is only effective for a single cal!
of COPY.
When
6.7.2.8
System
Flies
Option.
This option controls whether or not files with the SYStein Attribute set will
located by COPY. Tl_íe distribution default is off to include SYStem filei'
The defau! t i1:"q" he
in COPi" file lists and permit copying of such files.
confiµureci as ciescrihed he low. and the default may be rererseci by add: ng an S
in the conmand ! ine opt Íc)!! ] ist .
be
6.7.2.9
Verify
Option.
C:()F'"i"
openit ion.
ui e M corúi dencc' thíi.t no errors occurred in a
1rac'lj\"¿ít€'d.
\\"hen acti'."e. the destination
the \'é: ":tj" (jl'tic)l} may
file is- read
( heck
(CHG) word.
Pec'undancy
(A '-" ye'! ic
in orái-r tc. CL)!íll)UtC
This \l\'CCCf is úien
c'Qr{i!-)¿!red 1á9 a \"áiút' cAcuiated when
reading the source file.
t\iíj
Ifis tht Ú!"fj¿
be\"¿Juc'5
reascmah!y
CCU?
ñkitCÁ
ination
that
dest
the
ycm
:
sure
file
The dis: trihution default
for thiu option ix True u-'
copy O!" t he ."Á)ül"C't fi le'.
i iV!.
Thi !> opt ion nríay
be changed
by c'oñ!" iFzuI"¿Lt
veríl'y c'aí:'h fj Ie' copied.
i: 'y
rererseíi
acijim" ¿i V tú tí": c coniníancí lire option list.
To
aclci
a
nieas:
ji
6.7.2.10
Archive if
Only
if
File
Exists Option.
lona! jj"4 you níay wish to update frequent ly archived f i les, to the sam
destinat iorí> in a simp1er manner than naming each file. or by using the InThe X option
When this
was created for
just this purpose.-.
spect optioti.
option is added. COPY first searches the source directory
for fijes which hm"ti
directory
for each file.
not been archived. then checks the destination
II i!
match
is found. the file is copied. and the source file deleted. unless it is
marked
There
as Read-Only.
is No configurable
settinl? for this option wliidi
is alvcays assumed to be OFF when beginning COPY.
Occas
cjk
~~
B/P
EMULATE
6.8
EMULATE
-
Disk
Alien
Emulation
BIOS
UTILITlES
Utility
locks any or all Floppy Disk Drivels)
to specified formats, native or
a! len, from a Database
of formats.
It may also be used to display current
settings and restore drives to auto-selection
the Bios was assembled
with
if
(see
The
the AutoSelect option
4.2).
Floppy Disk format informat ion is contained in a file nained ALIEK.DAT whose use is shared with BPFORMAT (see 6.4).
This sharing of a conírrton database of forinats a! lows forrnatt ing, as we } ! as
reading and writing of a large number of the hundreds
of formats used by CW: C
vendors over the years.
EMULATE
Using
6.8.1
EMULATE
This utility is only usable with 13/P Bioses which hare been a.sseiubled tiith the-'
mode 1c)i"
Tñi s is the normal
Auto-Select opt ion (AÜTOSEL) act ire.
re leaxeO!"
boot
B/P
SO!hé
traci :->
Bios, ajthmgh
versions of
vers ions placed on the
led-down
complement
of bui it-in formats to reduct'
f loppy disks war hart' a sca
the system iniage si zc- (see JA ) . EML'LATL can be executed eúhe: " in a:a iníc'i"act i\"é query/response uíode or in a cotnrnand line "expert" níodt' with arµtuue.nt :'
!
passc'cl on the' c'Ljnjl),¿ir)cí
int". The E'vFjLATE syntaú: is:
EMULATE
EMULATE
EMULATE
EMULATE
EMULATE
EMULATE
Summary
"-- Prinz Built-in Help Forniat
,settiruzg-.
"-- List Current Floppy
All Floppies to Autoselect
"-- Return
Execute'
//[/]X
[/]U
<-<-- Selec:
<-- Set int
d[: }
d[ : Inri]
]
QLíe1"\"/F:
in in'.el"acti\e
íbrm: "n
í\_í' tí:
z:
f
íú"i\"c
fO!1|lL"¿',
ícj
d:
es;"jt-?Én:--i£
Ih9CÉC'
inte1"¿'ic'ti"\"¿'É.\"
entry
{e-tper'.)
nn
formats in the r)¿l',al)ast' file conu,tarit . there!)\" ¿·¿ ](?1ii
""i:
in"m thc
ccni i£u]'¿¿[ ion. u ! l fQl'n"lat'4 in the A' IL')!J "\"i" i lc a'""
íorrí,ua
Once
V\it!lQUl
iociáed
ra! idat iOl"i azainst the actúa! cirivt' paranrít'cers.
clí¿%1"¿1c1-e1"ist
oí"
nuF:!.)er
ics.
l"ec!L2il'(f(.!
sicics.
(diG: size.
dri'uiñ seiectc'úl. the
1-o
couipared
spec'cl anci nunibe': " of" t racl-" :' are
dri\"c| !)al"antete!": >
the physica
f¿ t hc
lsee S. 2. l. CO3"FIG+3S i .
in í!m H/F' Rio", hcad': 'r structure
containej
bt.
the'
by
i'oi"niat
ac'co!!micjcj¿zíeUi
C(-Áñ
forruaí
the physical drií"e. then
st"iecttci
LjPH/DPi3 fielch for the specified
infcu"niat
ion ix !Qacied
drive
into the' Extended
anci the' formt ic'c'kc'í"! to prevent re-ass ignriient
on warni boots..
nL",!!!};t_"inz
tijc'
To keej"
c""',")
I'liLAÍ'-
.
of'
uS"
included in the
follow'im fm"mats are currently
in
the
included
which
is
distribution
for
ALIE\'.LIB:
The
code
1
5
9
13
17
21
25
29
33
37
96
Actrx
H89/40
Osborne
H89/40
MD-3
XBIOS-3
SSDD
IS
IS
2D
DSDD
2D
Eagle-IIE
Amstrad
ces
Bower
WP
SSDD
8"2D
2
6
10
14
18
22
26
30
34
38
Ampro SSDD
H89/40
ID
Osborne
ID
H89/40
2X
PMC-1O1
T2
XL-M180
H89/80
ID
H89/80
2D
IBM 3740
CCS
DSDD
3
7
11
15
19
23
27
31
35
39
VT180
H89/40
file. the source
ALIE\".DAT
of
version
SSDD
lX
Ampro DSDD
QC-lO DSDD
Sanyo 1000
Ampro SSQD
H89/80
lX
H89/80
2X
Bower 8"10
TTek DSDD2
4
8
12
16
20
24
28
32
36
40
B/P Bios
H-1O0/4
ID
2
Kaypro
H-1OO DSDD
Kaypro
4
TV 802/803
DEC
Rainbo
Ampro DSQD
XBIOS-4
2Q
TTek
SSDD
TTek DSDD1
as
B/P
BIOS
EMULATE
UTILlTIES
may be examined
Current drire format alíocations
at any time with the X option
which will list the W-character naníe the format assigned to each floppy drire
The U option
in the system or state that it is Autoselecting.
at!
removes
them
to Autoselecting.
f ixed formats, returninszG—
6.8.2
EMULATE
E
rror
Can't
Messages
Database
File +++
could not locate the ALIE.\'.DAT
file in the current!'."
logged
directory.
Solutions include setting the PUBlic attribute oí ALIE!\".EjA]"
and insuring
that the Dos Path includes the drive containing the file.
+++
Open
EMULATE
Format
Supported on this drive!
Coinníon causes
Self-explanatory.
of this error are s'Nect ing ?11
a
Check
forniat on
¶)-tracÍ
'lO-track drive. or an S' forrr'xí on a S.2S" drive.
ALIE!:
.L)AT
cocía
needed
d:
the
dara on the exact
:ive
to detenuine any
source
recjui rernents.
for each foriuat .
+++
Not
97
HDEOOT
B/P
HDBOOT
6.9
-
Hard
Drive
UTlLITÍES
(tailored)
Utility
Boot
BIOS
is a specialized
routine which is only available
for those computers
which feature the ability to boot froní Hard Drives froúi a cold start such as
HDBCxjT is
the YASBEC and Ampro Little Board computers
in the initial version.
anci
for specific
versions
a customized utility which is tailored
will not
execute on B/P Versions which it does not recognize.
It modifies the boot
record of a Floppy Disk System image placed on a drive by BPSY8C:E\" (see ñ.6)
to allow the system to be started froni the Hard Drive at power-on or fron"t a
system
Reset.
HDBOOT
6.9.2
Using
HDBOOT
is extremely sirrqYe to use, and accesses
the FliP' Bier: Data structure'füj"
any system-specific
data required. such ab iniíia: ithe target systení
V\"heri
/'Xébec
fc^r
the'
Shüycii"t
inmi: eci. t iíc
control ier tupes.
zat ion parameters
.!.6
B/P
c'Mckeá
I !"
Bios uersiom
exisrins:~ S\"±.tÉfh
to inxure tñat it is a valid
.
:
S': :-J
phy:
he
jiL¿|i
á4.ct! tt3 ':j'cc-ify \\íúctj of the three possible
valij. you U!!
a sáñ"ip^'
is automatic.
tnerc' Olí the operation
units túfcjz" acct'us. and 1i"qm
a
succesúf t!) e>: ecut1o!"} of this uti!ity is:
screen
HD13OOT
OÍ'
B/P
HDBOOT
Copyright
Configure
Vl.O 31 Aug 92
H.F.Bower/C.W.Cotrill
Utility
1992
by
unit
wPncn
for
Booting
[C'..2]
:
O
SCSI
Target Controller
is : Seagate
Record.
.Reading
Boot
. .
..
Boot Record.. . Ok.
. . .Writing
.
a0:base>_
be noted thü't : t s: ."µ.tQ!1'í
Eli'SYSG1A (sé2 l). L'.) !)e{"c;r':
ú'xeccí
issued and the operation aborLc...l.
It should
HDBOOT
6.9.3
háru been placed on the
iny thi 1> uí i liij'. or art eri"cc
!i"íüst
Messages
Error
No System!
The spc'c'ifieci target
L'nit does
\"¿1]
id Boot Track systc'n"í on the unit
***
F'lacc'
a
taz"gc".
un t "j,:Ú2
niessap'-'
'.i! ¿ ! b'-
not contain
with BPSYSGE.\"
a
valid
and
Boot
execute
Systc'ñí.
HDBC)Ü7
again.
*** Invalid
it
98
iíj not
The
"(.)".
Unit
L"nít
Number ***
. .
numbei" .Y!}c"(: 11]c"(i
": " or "2".
()1"
tijt'
.
L.|I"}i1
c'o!Í:
.
IÍla:]..l
.
inc
is not ácti\"€.
on
1ii"i±"
.
!5>
. .
.
lr;\"a!]cl.
f-i
Uk-'!'
B/P
BIOS
HDBOOT
UT1LITlES
*** Invalid
Boot Record
***
Record
The Boot
existing
on the specified
cit"
\"orinal
Computer.
causes
are no systein
type
specified
unit or the S\"$télÍí in place is not a
Both of these may be corrected by placing a system
of the unit with BPSYSGEN (see 6.6)
Cnit is not valid for
exists on the
currently
valid one for this system.
on the first physical
this
partition
B/P
is
Image
The
+++
Not
image
read
of
Ellos,
from
or Wrong Version +++
the Boot Tracks of the specif led
Unit
B/P
The
system
wasí
Bios.
not
common causes
valid version
this are: not
placing a Boot System on the System Tracks with BPSYSGEN. or alteriÍ]g the
of" the Bios
fixed data structures
the
source code in a way which violates
system
layout
standard
result ing in a
which cannot be recognized.
a
two
O!"
most
Run BPCNFG to Set Drives.
Active!
Hard
xpeci!"iecl
Drive Unit (O, l or 2) v\aq
bv first
actire unit.
This can be chanszed
execut ing E"PCXFG
—
.
HDE3CO7".
üxc'c: utinµ
nienic'ry system.
then re-iní"okinµ
+++
Not
The'
ti: _';
arid
Bios
¿jy
o: "í
,--z::
the
aborting +++
uíade to eüecute this
u'i)ic: '? ím-on a systetn
ütiiit\"
F:
thei3/P
E;ios-ec]ui1)[)s¿'cj
svs'Letn with a
iü~.
sy>teni
boot
...
'ji'ás
An aUenípt
ü!KÍt-!" p;,"p
run!;in!:
1;"r
B/P
Not
+++
tagµ'úd
not
(see
ts.2l
íi'ujt!,
Read
***
Error
unj"ego\"L': "alj]e error
occurred while t]"yin? tíu real tht' tÁÍúj 't
>ys:erl¡' '3, boot F:€'CC1l"Lt.
Íihizi is IlíO.'>t often due tCj media errors, Qñ tiie i'íj": ,-..
cylinder oí' the targ-'t unit and cannot be rectified.
Anot he :" caí'st' níay l;n- ¿j: j
incoz"rt'ír- cic'finit lOll O! tí:í' pEysicul chal"¿¡cte7"is'L lCS of the conu"o!!e: ¿ir!d,"cji"
An
cIr
i \"(
,
*** Write Error
Atí
Fíocí
Rl·coi'
i
Wl",UCCé! sñ: .
í!ít' Ii: _i:d !)]"1\
l
tijc dri'ie
":i|")!€'
Hare! hi
t11]I"L"c(3',"t':
u' títt:
it
u
I"'¡"L'j){·.l)É:
Uñ!'í
.
()j'
\"
€'1"!'c\j"
i\"t
c)ccUr1"c·Ll
uní t .
in(]icate3
unrecovei"ab
if
whik-
t: "ying to
st-'cond
\'$"ri1£'
íii: c 111'3 lú'ic'ü!
exí: catio:"í
is
attenipt at
either an incorrect phrsica! dc'finiíion
le inedia errors on the firm cy! indtu'
a
.
99
'm"
C!'
B/P
HDIAG
6.10
HDIAG
Hard
-
Disk
Format/Diagnostic
BIOS
UTILITtEs
Utility
HDIAG is a peneric B/P L'ti
examine
Hard
Drive parameters
B/P Éiicjs system
where
such
program
to Run Diapnostics,
lity using
any of the defined
Format. \'ei"if'y
aíícl
in a
controller
The
def
ined.
select
capabilities are
ability to
is allowed to enable yuu
the controller type in the beginning of the program
to check and initialize drives using controller types other than that defined
The following
in the executing Bios for added flexibility.
controller types
B/P
handled
in
the
Bios
release:
irtitial
are
Adaptec
ACB-40CÜA
Xebec
1610-3
141(jA
SCSI
1610-4
(Minimal SCSI)
subset for Conner and
Shugart
/
Seagate
Shugart
SCSI-2
6.10.1
typcíz
others
HDIAG
Using
l1iOCÍC'.
i I!c)p{^1'r,tes. iii an int("rac:ti\"e
so i I is Si[}j?'í\"
nanu-'
anO no ai"gummts
(other than the standard cimiblc--s iaslí
the'
reads
Help l'egues'L !. \i'i"!cE actirateci.
type f"í"o!!i tiic ii/'i"' !3io: .,
as:
header
'tlii s is thc ccÉn[r()!jeT
i:u you
type you 'nish to usu.'.
structurt' añil
ccmiroi Ic'i" typt-. sjcñ as diaµ'nosinµ a Seaszate
you í',"is!í El) ljút-' a diff't'rt'n:
Scsi
ttt'i\ ti" :"i"c)i|j i: syt'teni v\iá ch }\¿1> á!\ : \da!3[e¿' control leí" for normal
use. you
1\-']'
Cit t
qÍ" the !-iDj.'i' ; seq.bi9l"l.
icm !c)!" the
renímndei"
ÜlC c();)Z7'í.'É]
níay al Et'l
inu.rací ion til1"[)L|,t!! IR) the- niain loop prompt may appear as:
:"
This
Q!lj'
utilitr i Lxíoíí: l
vokt"cÉ with
if
If
controller
it
tnit
.l
B/P
Bios
Hard
Controller
=
[O}
OW7,
[I]
Disk
Adaptec
Adaptec,
F
Functions:
V
D
P
Select
("C or
Utility
ESC
VO.
6,
25
? : N
([Y]/N)
[2] 1410/1610-3,
May
92
OK
[3]
SCSIi,
[4]
1610-4,
[5]
SCSI2
:
5
- Format
- Verify
Run
Diagnosti cs
Show
Disk Parameters
to Quit)
:
[ p ]
Disk Parameters.
in the
you are running HDIAG on a Hard Drive Unit which is already defined
If
SCSI
drives.
and
of
the
one
formatted,
previously
was
self-identifying
Bios
or
P
command.
The disthen you may view the current drive parameters with the
and
type of iríforíííat ion
play varies with the control leí" type and the amount
Scuiíc
from
be
oí'
Bios
may
data
the
definitions. and othcr
that is avaiiahle.
lsCSi
data from either the' control Itn" (e.g. Adaptec) oí the drh"e electronics
í )
foruisí of inforllíatiorl
Saniples
ses
of
thú
art":
i-: .
or
6.10.1
lOó
.1
Show
B/P
ElfOS
Unit
:
O
:
= 204864
33
=
512
=
1
=
776
=
8
=
O
(12804
<--
Total Blocks
Sctrs/Track
Sector Size
# Cylinders
Num
of Heads
Reduced
Wrt .
Precomp.
Cy1
Step Rate
Media
type
Landi ng Zone
6.10.
CP3100-1OOmb-3
CONNER
Total Blocks
Sct rs/Track
Sector Si ze
Interleave
# Cylinders
Num
of Heads
Unit
HD!AG
UTlLITIES
.5
Eq.
Adaptec
(1383
Eq.
= 22140
18
=
512
=
615
=
2
=
615
=
615
=
12 uS Buffered
=
Removabl
e
=
615
=
<--
setting
SCSIl
Tracks)
ACB-4000.
Syquest
SQ-3!2
1()
)93
Tracks)
Hard Disk Diagnostics
.2
t D ]
cii'i\"és feature bui it-in ci :ag!]c)k', icu rout iñr"> v.'hic'h test tÍ1£' unit '.s eic"c\\'!a:
Otiíc": " S\"~Lcl!¡3 .qi1íll)t\" e": ecute the µoí':
tron-!c!; and ntedia.
c';i
cr-up s3'j¿!U{-: nj'g
gt'i]L'¡'"¿|j j\ ir.clLtc?e6
:[Q1"lí}a!ly.
Üie'
u
r¿'¿luL: lcc cl Stif"-tf""í\S.
only
lC ;'",!tiaíi: 'ú
Í'unc'í Íd1i Ccill !.)L. rúl icci u!).
anj i -6 ínc 7udtú! in the s8tar)ci: ¿rLj fa! j' it-' Oí" lí: }i-4U;
Sai1jí}!c' cutput r€Nu!tir!I" froni thi: -' f"L!!í'j'L ion
f'ji!c't 1c)!!> \\itá thi'- C{)l7ilIi: -zj1'.].
ir:
1
Sortie
Select (^C or ESC to Quit) :
Unit Number [0..2] (^C or ESC
Re-lnitializing Unit : O ..Ok
..Waiting for Ready..
Pau>t'>
in the
jUt ion
cjt"
to Abort)
:
O
t he
sequence,
Iííost
not iiealÁy ail er rh':
statirw "Rt—4nitializing Unit" before the " .en." ap¡)e¿-:l">.
IJepen[!ir}?
on tM exact system
this tinte is often when the actúa! cc)ntrc)|!(: l"
checked.
and
electronics
being
inay involve moving
are
the drire head which can
be
consuming
task..
There
síatu.s
may
D
occut"
proinpt
ext'
.
-
a rime
is also a pause very often aftc"i" the rro!li!'F
". Naitin;z for Ready. .". particularly
moved and must be
rcif the heads were
positioned o\_é1" the outer cylinder of the drive.
When the drive
returnb ;-¿
ready statum then the rííain select ion menu is a?ain displayed and HDIAG i:-.
ready for another coínuiancl.
6.10.1.3
Verify Drive Media
[ V ]
This function permits e\_aiuaEing
the condition of a formatted drive to identify defects to a \"aryin? extent.
By using a mix of defeating
the Error ("Cd"and enabi insz
rect inz'- c'c: 'cit \\iwi"í' pQ$bii"'iL.
disabling
Sét-tCY
the lndiuiduc:
o"fte:ori
cheeP'-.
cl
l"e!?Lti\eI: b" e-\tf"nyi\_e.
tiníe consurr!ing. e- non-íit'st[l'c'¿i"\"L
albeit
suuu", cjf the' f-iñ\'"t' unit may be obtained.
i
101
B/P
HDIAG
Select (^(' or ESC to cµiit ) : \'"
Unit íCumbei" !(). .2 j ( ^(' o!" ESC to Abort ) : O
Verify individual
Sectors (\'/l\"l) : 1\'
CO\NEE:
CP3i OO-1OCMb-3.
Verifying Unit : O
Block 891
. . .aborted.
BIOS
UTlLITIES
S
. .
[ F ]
Drive
Settinp all of the data storage areas on the disk to a constant value. and
of this function.
renewing the control informatior: on the drive is the purpose
and any data on the drive will be lost.
For
destructive.
is
this reason.
It
several checks are included in the progTaIjí to insure that you cío not inadrertently actiuate this conmand.
1
6. 10.
.4
Format
}¿j}":
]¿' S!"üm
of the inf"orníat ion neecjt'd
to í"c/I"¡iíat a cir j\"e is aval
be'
:rea':í
froni the drive oí" controj!ei".
either the Milt-in data whicii cari
ür
'ic/ú
from
the Bios data areas. S.C)llic items ai"e st i li required froni the' usei".
i ;'.
\\i !1 tht-t"t"f{-)rL' !)c- axkecl to prcn"icíe any data necessary to format the dl"j't"r.
{
the oidí-'r SASÉ
g7ystelll>
IMO- : Xc'g)Lc. etc) this can aríiourn to ¿i con>.ici¿ral)lL·
. forncitt inz Qt" drives is not ofteíi recjuirc'íí.
F"()}"tuI1¿lt€: }\".
numjer of er,trit'~.
"
Hi"'7A'";
"'" j"c;í!|t",Ltir.:
and tM |ÍlLti^Lj{!
is flc': iMt enoayh to allo'.í :i "g::'i'
íVjt"'
iii
l"
dt'ri cé: - ¿t"? iu: counecuA.
o
range
v:
ñi le
most
HDIAG
6.10.2
Error
Messages
pjL"c)|)iel}íg)
t': ](-('k'j-ntg-l"'-':j
ijc presented !'0)1" speci
]l'í
t'rj"Ül"
0ie»sa,2tj': > \\ i
O!'
spec.:
LO
j
be
i
i
the
cjf
C¿'í"t¿l¡Ii
]j[ó7'\(,.
Yarn"
\ti
!1iesµaL"es
lC
thc {)l)e]"¿!ti(.);?
áñt-i
infcu": íiat ion de!)¢'nciing
2Í1'j
cm
Chr°íñgt tííí-: spectí"i
oí n: :'I""7 \'. j
cj'crat jQjj6.
The
CM
lñOSt
of
general
theȟ
seiec'.ec'.
control!c'í'
C'¿"l!ja|)1íitit'j3 c'f
type
:
c'o!Ii)lj¿]nL"l.
The' !\"e\¢'c']"
SCSI systems
Ubc "L.\tL?ntlet:
c'oncúns the' S(-'S1/'3i\LS! Sc'i!>'£
\íhen
the- basic Sense
inforlÍ)¿-¿t ion than
Sense"
w!"ii ¿fj cam l t'tj7"1!
ralue> .
rmre
SCÜXt"ken""
i>
("iE'Lectcci.
lí!c"ss.;1gExíencít't-i
in
many
displayed
tht'
uaiuterror
rüanucN for the"
Consult the pro?rarríming
t"'" ratht: " thau
thti ba: - ic "Seu1x£"' bytt.:
c'L3nti"L:
S"cc!: ¿,
of these bytes.
:syt^c
I¡I(i'l' cr Cij"i\"e Í"c: the specific meanings
l
\í"i)
U.bL|cl|íy
be
displayed a.s:
niessay-'
fic
li
Sé\"cÉ"Á
ii
j
i"
r
ific
or
.
Error!
Error!
(Comnd
(Comnd
=
=
xx)
xx)
Sense:
xx
Key = xx
information during operation of many of' the funcAlso. to proride adc1itiona1
from
read
the controller when an error occurs is
t ions.
the raw status byte
o!"
as:
an error message
also displayed as part
(status
The interpretation
manual
í)rogranírliir}µ
102
= xXH)
of the hexadecinial byte presented níay be gathered
for your specific drive or contro!!er
type.
fi"olíi
the-
B/P
BIOS
UTILIT1ES
HDIAG
B/P
Bios
aborting +++
...
Liios
a
An attempt was made to execute H1)ÍAG under
other
l3ios
níade
the'
altered the locat ions or values
to
or níodificat ions
correctly
identify the system.
Not
+++
****
Block
SCSI
Length
Error
BIT'.
than
needed
to
!
This fatal error niessage will be displayed if the Command Descriptor Block returned from the Bios is too s[l]all to allow the extended colüü!and$
needed
for the requested operat ion.
It usually results Í"roni alteraticms u)
Hard
níoduje
change
Driver
the
which
necessary values.
**** Controller
Not
Readable
!
could not read paraiueters
in the R (Read Drive
only appc'ar
type is "om".
HDIAG
This v\'ii
l
controller
****
No Diagnostics
The ( Qrit}"olle]"
access
qi" pert"orni
for
from the drive or conírolicí".
funct iQñ, when thí
Pareuneters)
selected cannot
perform Diagrmst ics in
can
the needed func't ions.
This v\"iji only
(Perforní !9iaµ"nostícs) funct icm.
HñIAG
the' D
:
**** Verify
tc'íy
l\'ei"ify)
qut:
!
Not Available
The .specific
d: "?\"±'/'cc?}"}í.z'cf!ie!"
sck-'cteíl htit..
alío','.
\L'1"il"!c'?Lt1c'n
¿j'i"\_t.
thti
Thi s \',"i l
oí
to
Í'LUÉc't
1s!i ahcn the' corízrü!!cr
"c/\\"í
type
".
is
+++
1610-3
t yj'ía|)l)€a1'
.
O!'
Error...Sense
sending
"Ká" dett'ctéci
\"cijcc
14!OA
t
on
bcc:
íy
l'1"]"(?}"
títÁ !?!LÑ
í
a|'T)c?¿:
"
in
,7.{!e·-
the
V
= XxH
the initiaiizazion
Í(Ññ-j or
controijer. Insure that t}íi: 3
cont!"L]li€'1
settinµ' for \"ou i" heircíuaá't' coní" igurat ion.
V
in the
l\"er: Új"; f"urícl ion.
An
.7htt,-c,.
Initialization
rí':
!
a way U!.,: appear
in
i
-I
btri_n? tg a
i !"!l' c"-"·i": "-: - 2
i i \', i : ! ouly
103
B/P
INÍRAMD
6.11
INIRAMD
-
RAM
I!CIRA\1D is a B/P
and optional ly
stamps.
Bios
Disk
Initialization
BIOS
UTlLITIES
Utility
utility
that initializes the Directory of a RA)! Drire
DateStaiuper
for
(tni). P2LXjS. or both 'types of
initializes it
features
contains
protective
preclude inadvertent initialto
It
file
izat ion of an already formatted RAY Disk, and may be command line drivcn for
execution from within STARTUP scripts.
6.11.1
Using
INIRAMD
Line arszuíñents,
This utilitv is designed to be operated with Corr¿!I"land
but
features built-in defaults which can be configured by either overlaying bytes
t\"i
th new" default sett ings. or 1?\" configuring
in the beginninsz - of the prograll}
Tc execute with the default
setüngs.
simply
with Al !Iauley's ZC\'F(í tcm!.
enter:
INIRAMD
The' coiuplcne
synim:
':
!"c/j"
]µ'iF: µ\\:!'
[d: ][/][Q][D][P]
INIRAMD
6.11.2
Comman d
Line
is:
Mode
1¿
Line when I:':lKj:'::) is i!1\'('É.Q'(} , $Lú"L ."¿l !
on the (.'olíinia:
enteriní-' al"gu!íie-nts
m·
desired ai t hr-'
setting'£
irñerríai default rajue's can be see to tho speciíic
(olll¡1}a!lL"j
The Í'irst arszuinent
Linc raí l i u ¿,
t inie.
expected wheri parmriz the
~
Tl_:
cind v,i
s
iu opt ion,:
orerride the defauú ¿;"i\"c M: ij'ci It
Drire Letter.
i
li
i
íij"i\"c·
x!'fF'Li$'"\'
Pl"Oµ1"¿i¡:
:
the'
Tl\
other then t!_íc default,
into
enttu":
i.
R\'
INIRAMD
d:
be t\"ithht£jci
guriñz%- t':u-'cu- i(")É[ :
can
lIíc'ssa£'rb
f'
Úlf! eníbecicíeci 12 the P!"O?1"'¿l!l..
s:gíi- t iríg
i theiti"ui cic'f'au ! t "Quiet"
En\"irQnLÍi:
tmssinsz
"
ir}
¿jlÚ
a Q tiú> an argUjí}€;"j:
qi"
jn¿.
"Quiet
i lat'
settin,z
—
when inroki.n;j t!it-' p]"c)?rcLl: :.
iai i: 'hi;,' the RAJ! Drive in Quic"t melt' u.>in: z LÍ!c
default cirive is then ¿,cc'Dlíji'! !s!ít·d by entering:
Ext ran{"c)U: ->
Iy: IR^L\íí) 1)\"
the'
an'.!
!>i"c)ll)r}t
"
?71Z¿Ltt!"3
t
Inií
INIRAMD
Q
which types of Date/Time Stamps to add to the' RAM dri': e
and/or D argutrients.
a"ith the P (for P2DOS Staííips)
If not
operating in the Quiet mode. 1\"IRA)ÜJ notifies you which type(s) of Stamping
been added
hare
methods
area is initialto the RAY Drive after the directory
oí"
Sramps
M:
then is
a
for
both
types
blank raiue.
ized to
Initializinµ drive
by
enterinµ':
initiated
You may aisc' spec'iiü"
durin¿7
preparat ion
INIRAMD
1Q.d
M:
PO
é/P
!2!QS
INIRAMD
Error
+++
or
fi
correct lv
modi
!K!!!2AMD
UT!!-!T!ES
Messages
Not B/P Bios
aborting
An artempt was mide to
cat ions níacie to the' Bios
idem
the s>ystéñi.
...
in
+++
execute tllü ·'\'.1 umier a Hicis other
a ltered
the locat ions or values
tF]¿ír:
bh',.
nc'eded
("t:
(VI {N] ):
anyway
ready Formatted. . .Proceed
ij_f¿
wa1"nir:
?
be
issüegg
i!"
anci
cietc·ctec7
jr"!!¿A\fL)
prompt
This
v\itjRAY
t:
7 k'i
duním" f"i le ñáñit-reach"
íorrnattt'C.
xúd as a tag thar the
br i\'c is al
ifz.
ñiOSt often seetí
in ':ysíerns
that contain battcry backed-up RA)! arid ]N]!.'.¿','\·!'l
íh'.
To rlíirliníl7€"
is invoked c ithc"r direcr 1\" or in a Startup alias scrirt.
zecÉ
RAM
cit'
s:
!1_,
appúarancc·
Disk init iali:
tlii ñlí'S""¿i£'{' i!' you desire to hare the
":
lc)\\'jn.F:
Uíe
the Stai"tuj' crirt. iñÁúdt"
fol
+++
Al
'" EX
IF
M: -RAM
INIRAMD
.OCiO
<-<--
M:
FI
Drive d: does NOT Exist
l.]tl"]t-'r tlie (iC'i¿'i[.l!t
or
rnm~
\i¿_j";
tc?
nut iH·e'í d: -""ínt'd
As: 4u!1k? RA'I |")isk j·h ,'ñ;
RAY
Asxuminz
bi',k i", '.l:
+++
1\"Ii-: ..!'":'
K·'.\i I)f!u"
"\/,"j iÚl
níet,t'
+++
\.',"u"
Drive
eri"ot".
\'\"jj
; [- I"!
ñÑñl:
\'t(j'x
("'Kt'
-
'ii ¿. "i
i
i (2 '"
(.'1'[ tori
¿¿;"ny ""l
hí'í'\7u.
c:' !
is
!"1( '"
\'
l'ü
,
t '.
the'
pos:
( 'At'
j'/"j\"'3
-:
i |)}
c t:
¿zzúi'."titi""'
l n
i i
t
r h"'
\"
i
t hat
Si
{i '" i \"1-
¿z",>É]gtAniL'7]7-y:
tlít-
:á " "- ', '" :1
.
Drive!
c) t"
.í
t
()ñc
ícttí"r.
}
anüi
ni1c';l dr i 'je g}!"t'¿'li!\'tí
the' sy.'bte[l{.
r"jt"j }jnciet
ínt'G círn'e
5
If" you v: ish to check
d:
Not a RAM
hi-": ' t M L"i(£!¿,u!t
?.
\"¿'tfiCi :¿j"j\"c·.
hut
r')¿7: ',i-,il)
l
;jj.\" iii th:
!",1
[-\jp¿,"y"
")
eg:
c
e: q""'!tciz
\K?.ü
ño!-
t
1-:.·'.'!
Tit
f';j4
':\"} (
.,
a
I)!"
d i'
h>\f-'t
i\"c"
oDt lg'y
i \"1? >j"'jj"
i.lr?\."c.
Y\'tlú-,
S
s_':
t
{ "'
:
í
A'".
:ír""z'\': !}zü
It .
\',itñ
' (
É"
t
!
; n
¿¿c"j
:
í".í'
:.
:
l";E'","i.):
t!í£:
I!'.';"
'
'j;µ."S.
t-'
i : !" ' "\ '.:
C"
g " " :
.l
1"·.
'"
,
,
iú:
.
.
"
B/P
INITD!F2
IN!
6.12
Tl)l R
PZÚcg
-
Initialization
Stamp
cliy,Pq
Í'c)1
BIOS
U7lL-!TÍFS
Utility
1'2lx)S-type
f i le stamping.
rhe
disk "s directory
tracks
It does this m" repiacinz every fourth entry in
'n'ith a t irúe and da'>-·
Existinp
entry which is prefixed with a special character {hexadecimal 21 ).
directory
in
fourth
position
shifted
the
then
the
to
entries
first c"nt': -r
are
in the next loµicai st-'ctor and the initialized directory
sectors are written
back
the
disk.
to
l\"T"j"[): R
r]"Ep¿í!"es}
\', A Ft :t T !\" g
**^'*: ****'¥.?:*****-*t:*-¥*:<::.
****>(**: ****.*******-*¿:*¥.*
* tk"jTl)!k should not be run on disks containing
Date- *.
since'
* Stamper
stamps
*
directory
data.
rearranges
'"
and P2LXJS
* To
stampinp on one
both I)aíeSíamper
* disk.
s1áI"t
ri'ith a blank disk, or one íí"ith no datestaníps
"
*
type and rt':' Pmth pLu'[)s and T\'I7'i)IF' on the disk "
'i
befor·t.
t
iming othera'ise wi! l invalidate any
L7}n;
* ex 1st :nµ s[arlir tiata.
"
file
install
of either
'k.*.Z"***.>:
6.12.1
it.
&'**S'Z:%:*.Z.*b:á:&*Z:*j*:&::·'&:Z:*%:G:*'**:**%"
bt"
can
:
l'¡"c)!;';";í
c)!"
ai t!íí'
.
clr?'-])lÍt-'n-[ cm CM corr,ríútn: "l i
l\'í:}{:!á ::i. , ! :
ft: ííc'1"
i-i cit"i\"c
it'
tí'j
ljútcbtan"c"'""
i l
'jÜú'".
rt")..jz: :,..'
J-.\"1'1 Z C,_·.
("I 'j'
! .\" i "i"; y ' :','
IN1TD!R
Illegal drive
.
Di
enough
Tht.'
enc)'j£!7
.
rectory
.'\1',
10€
'" i
]'
j",1ítq'""j
' i i'.-
)}
j
("",
Ms?".
¿'it'"
I ", '
bcÑoí'
l,"i€'f' I). !L,L
: Láh,j"
!r(7tli
!nio!"'ül{í[iotz
r:-ft. j
t
rt'shiy-! (")l"rliát íéíi or blank.
ñOf
";j
l i
'l
:·, i. a!'iii.3
i-
i
'l'é'
i.
1\"€:
-,'r'
¿j:
i
,1'
' .
'J
·'---
Prini
<--
i: :.:rc'-ñe'
ht:
SU!)í!íKí!"\"
in
"-- nltiali7e
:
Eníe:
I)í7\-e
'lp
aroil
",.
"} ir.-'
messx>:
i\-é Mod
rxcl
prepared for
h"
P:
P2i.)O$
stanípm
name
spacú
i: -.
entereci
was
space
on
the'
on
áúcí! lNAü
runt
in the
disk
selected disk is
u.-)
stlprx)rt P2Hü$
error
éT1"Ü!' k¿ib t"!í(: c)tiT)1L'1L'tj
in
re7l(i}T't '
Cit
ran?e
íM
"A"
thru
more
than
íc stamps.
:':É
.
thT€: L'-z"(3"úr[í]"I
ii
cíi
"P'
cÑTec"Tor;'".
,1
2ll}:'L!".
l)¿it.U>.E:
dr
i
t:
Messagez: .
di rectory
directoru
read
'ic'u'"íeci
¿i"-.i.:
h,t!': C(->
¿l."'- :
//
dl:
J't
|3]"()¿"C'¿'-!
,
t: .
!
lrttcí"
t\'íii
initim
"',iij t C
c:
f )l!í,'.' arí.'
m
I"tíl" t:"".
chiíracter
I"hú
Kot
i!ring
already initial ized
selected disk is alrt'a:
The
i"ul i
l'"i)"
Error
Directory
Not
\'\ }1)
't))-7,
j ',
INITDIR
INITDIR
INITDIR
6.12.2
¿Ill
'"7'!\í!(',.|'·"
¿;jjt";
Kt?!ú1lñ?
¿-j'i.'z
j}µ;' roµ: -·.ll')]!!2.\"
N
thi>
Fj.\
¡\"t-"
!ikkj1n[t-'rajT
8lr!l!"!y C'ñte1Uñ"
"-fñcit"' tn" bf'L'.
cit_i\'t'
(t
L':
pcct
ii!
Fu!1! thí.' Intt3f"at: 'tl\"e nmc.ú. \"ou
int- .
l'7i.K.:
.'.":
'épt'í-i iy í!"x-' CÍl"!\'¿' [ i")
izc "n"ith
.\ L'j\.!lor
run
í"Ünír!,;l?2("i
%:*:'4"*á:Q"z'*2:.$"*'%'*¿'*"*.z:*'g"*:i'*z:&":
Mode.
Interactive
lNÍTDIR
lnirdir
valid
it
B/P
BIOS
Directory
An
\'\i
lB!!TDI!2
UTILITlES
it probah!r
write error
error occurrúci wMle writin;z
result in loss of file data.
thú
imualizúü cñrec1o,'"r.
! t
DateStamper
Fi le Found <-!!!TIME&.DAT
Proceed
(Y/[N] ) :
anyway
! l ITlMFAuDA'l
1
The special DateStaníper
exists on the' íiisk.
mos-n
the"
time'
and
dartTjateStamper
other
disk,
of
on
intüí"the
are also
Cm
mat icjñ wi i i be lost .
treyla|\"-t'c;rníaí[ed or eny'ty disks, no bateSíaniper 1 i it.'
stamp
data exists. so
is sate to answer with a Y and
the ciisF,.
-->
file
files
ir
ini[iali7e
107
B/P
INSTAL12
ÍNSTAL12
6.13
lNS"íALl2
Boot
-
install
-
rack
ii
Bios in a
3.5k
FJ,./P
U'R.
(2k
1T!FS.
L'TI!
Utility
Support
/.S1XFi.
standard sÍ7€·
from
BIOS
"t": pe' image
Bios) Í'i les
!\)O'\x"Sj"S
í.: CP,
""4.375k
bOS.
utility distributed
file.
JNSTAL.!2
INS7"ALOS
is the latest modification
to the ZSDOS
1.0
ZSlX)S
with
which autorñatical ly overlays your computer's System Image
MO\"CPM.COM
such
(CP/\l j or MOVZSYS.COM (ZklX)S 1) program,
as
or Absolute System
Model
CPMt4.CO\!)
ZSlxjS
ZbiX)S
vÁth
(e.g. .
to produce a ñt: "Q\ !"i le conor
of"
Fsasic
Disk.
ZSl7-)S/7bi-K)S
in'neaci
Operating íSystéñí.
taining
your original
Io'a's
INS1'AL.12
of various ZSboS parameter: ',
you
also al
to set the
(
ciur inp the insta i lar ion fú"oce.ss
paranieters.
rriav a Iso he changed
tijc'st'
later
LÑ-'
ZSC'()X|'l(F
with
propranil.
file
defaults
í!-it:
Cl:tc' lhjtÚ-insta l lar ion rr()ct·y¡s
ea'-.': as pos: ',it.k- .
!YSlAi-!? js dí'>>igr't-íi
i !
Í1"o!íé
cinci
¿y"]"."\.Í
i '
jf'j
cii"i\"és
iüaci
a
: t"ot: Í)t,!\
it': ' froií'
Aj: t G:
l:
um'r areas
íCü'f
r!iánuF}
Qi
g;
e:\,tet_tKi\"t-.
rñtí
i'í
Section 6. i3.3
l.rrur chí'ttcr
thi
.
lull;
t
inai jy. you ínay safelu abort !\"S"iF^z!. :' '
ex!'!: ·ii!í< ali ]>:>É"i','j! l " úri"or [íje": sa,2e->.
at ru': u !;i" ¿"¿' t pc'ínt> é")\" t3r'.'y>!ng
(('nt!¢l!-(..
ii i t h
1'3 l :
fíe'í"í";;"L"
u'.
a:í(i/'(')"
7.Yi.KR-.
1'1:
hi
<1
Icu
j!
'U:
!"\)°: í"-!
(?
Z.M
c)
L"l !·:.n.l-.ri
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i
t';"íjj,,
Using
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}\./i'
ji't"
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."'\jí')\
l ls/l'
u>.j"y ,i)(N
Iñíaµ-:
.Y_~Zji;,
it.io:
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Of'
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fui"
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f
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=
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run
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at"." ñC'C"¿'Sh?.
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i
(;
i')
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i ': S"i'AL
nm: --:'-
usc
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sinípiy enter
INSTAL12
at
thc·
segííient
(-)í"
cu"er
1$' )\')'.
S \'.S
t'ilt'
MudCl
}'rorrlr)r
system
(jornníancí
.
a
N .
such
C(
¿is
If
i':
IK"S'LU-!2
"i'bi5
that you arú
Mc)\"µ
Image
re locaí iQñ t'i le. such á5
l
a
neeti
segtnent
O\"él"
you
tu irc'.tal
O-':
(::f-':Y:5q.(:(j:l!.
zb}sr}.\1.Kf: .)L, cr Oneac
instaüirm
tells
.
t.-";
: 1\¢ i
t
1 O!?
rzin
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j;'.'\,,-',;
l"t.Cjij¿>
C} I >
[
h
u',
q
i
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2
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L'
t
file.
you
shoüh'
/A
Absolute
E") :
S1"STc':
yo\"c'p: q.(:o\!
Absofutc' Sy>teni
an
:
enter
INSTAL1
iZ
SYG.('OÍC.
lÍiL)¿it
" ; jf {j"
.
a <-, :
])\S'!.-\!-!?.
T1(-ñ\
c2i-i'j¿"i:
t">
i: s.
QP("úl7[!
t).¿!í;-í{
"
B/P
INSTAL12
UT!L1TIFS
BIOS
System
in Relocatable
níocie.
Ab': oíute
to patch
(Defau1t=MOVCPM.CCM)
:
or
Absolute
in
fi le
Image
(Def au1t=SYSTEM.MDL)
Model
System
:
mode.
in anv miss int.'
not enter al! of the int"orrnation; IKSTAL!2 wA)
lenamcc
you simply hit RETURN.
items with the aei'au!t disk. user. or fi
If
IX'S"I'.-\L12 searches the current directory
for the default System Ima;ze or ASáü,\fc)c]e
1
It-:
MOVCPM.COM
(?Y!(.)\'g:
S
Í"]
S} .CCN.
lute ,'u'sí-eni
or SYSTEM.MLÁ) . Here are SCUfí·-'
s¿-ln:
l)!t" resnor2bt: s' :
fil!
"you need
System
Image
fi le
!3t·jecty
M{)u: p'il.("():\l
fi le
tMÑt'Ct: '
System
(Defau1t=MCNCPM.COM)
to patch
on
drive
"}j" in
:
B3:
atea .ii
use-r
to patch (Defaul t=MOVCPM.OCM) : 1O: MOVYSYS
c)í_/ the
current clrn"e. user 10
Image
\l'".}',}".q}'>.{_'()'t¿
(Defau1t=MOVCPM.CCM)
d": tu-" "( ' . currenr
to patch
file
System
Image
.'Yl()\..'lBS}
(bc'ic'c'Í>.
j».(,)j..lj
t"m
:
Usct
C: MOV18SYS.OLD
area
i
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Space
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again with another disk (Y/ÍNJ)? :
!\' l"é>jjjtS from a lack Qt dw,k siµ,iu: '
Change dis!: ": arid enter Y tcj
ii}" a?a]!-\.
· ..
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t):
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úi:·
113
E!/P
!QPI!'UT
6.14
IOP!N1T
tO
--
iniria!]7e"r
Package
tnitiaiization
BIOS
t)T!!-1Tl£S'
Utility
¿\")
íl'í.
iof' Eí,t: f'f"er defined in thú ]-.!l\"j rorllllc'¡2t Ij)ess!"]!'¿Ui"
1 'l
and
patchc's
Table-.
:
jul}ir)
standard
torrriaí
-Ú7\"c"·
n into the 6u)á
the sanie basic function así the' older ZCPR-í níethQd of' loadinsz a SYS. jÓF' ti le.
but was added as: a stand-alone" .routine Iq do essential 1\," tÁ eat ire in3ía!i¿}additional
space
was freed in the B/F' Bioñ
in so c!oin?,
t ion of the packa,ze.
COde
added
'ñ'hich
be
a!!o'ñng
other rout ines ro
cannot L)2 T€'nícii."et: t,j
core
external proµraíus.
!0!"7\"!T
Due1m\"
6.14.1
Using
"lhís
for
l'-ided
o!' rhü
iá't
near
the beszinnir'g
Thi s rout int'
\i'hjcl?
al^
NOTE:
s..\"stc'!!,
jo!' is defined.
jump at iocaz icjñ t)!
pí"u 'ran: x í': ln icij change' the Mirra Boot
>hou
any
am"
|)t·t'(j}"(F·
run
lOPlNl1"
j"roµrani
SCÜPt
an
!()1-'
)cl
ht,-
init
inc
ñ_:
v: he:i
ing
Yo a7g}jR': L'!2i:'} art' exr)ected
The-'
t'.ní"
l ronnient
u"!ú t"': ccut iñf' sy>teni
.
6i¿agh help ít: Cj\ÁC'.t 'u 'R'IÜ2 a! i yj'd;'!'L")rÍ
cali
iOPlNl"l"
6.14.2
Error
No lOP Buffer defined in
] t
b{"!!t'-!'-: \l"'!:í1a(i{()!":¥".
j?uI"¿l"L
a>,se:
Í!}j;}
ccYjt'
,0}: u!'
.
in,.
--j.
\.
': "iptm"
at-
". t.'
u ":'¿'(":
\1":
***
! ;"j L- t
t.
. ,
i ¿t-i.; : t"
lOP
i
i
d
|]¿:
ri'-'
-'\jj
tcj
t
he'
n{jrr!i:
_¡ i
cic:
ÍÍYAi
i-"hl
c-
routines.
'¡
Already Installed!
r!"i!
ined
': .'í i l
Hl
l)e€"l"i
caum'd
cií'l !nE¡"ci¿
by t.': "--cu9 in
j
---
:
L
y
"
rL': ij\ \."í
l.'?'1-'·-' '
J-m"
a
\" :j: : cI
Í"\V".y I'"
i"
>. e :a c l"
|i;-.;3L'.! S;: >trtZ:' !7 i: áit¿"
(i' '.- ;-u :
lCrÁ nc'iT i b \\ l tt"ÁÁ: : íc. !<: "c:i"t iYQj" th:
\ "/ ,-/"1' [,i"}í7,",i
c-L,:
C :
"\ i". Lat- ' '. .' "" :
.
:"J{_' ! .:Z ".
:
t "Lj:'t:ltj:! l- .
Sl 'í'—l.: '.;'|¿,ií:",[L"Í:":.".
1 "l
respc)n{ts
Environment
tht: if.ñ--' íiuf jgj"---Éía9'.
Def
Envi ronment
No Z-System
"i if i
s l!'j ' ! ;
níc'
C,
'¿,:-: .: t-'
m
.
U"!
Ti,'!' l'icF
i" REQUIRED
, ,>
T C·
ali value's dc'tennined
mth
Messages
--GLlt
JOF'I!"IT
rout int"
S']Ak'í"\"P
Ik'
/Í/¿.",jg T
1
'
.'!
:t
"
.u." ""
i
-:
C:. t-
***
"".C,
!í
:'iñ
: :
c!c')nf-
[
';t
:I:c'
M": '.,2
t-Z:
.
i: "C:--
iíi\. :.: ,.: -' '.
: ',
B/P
6.1"
LDSYS
(
System
-
is IÍk'
1.I)$\'b
BPF$L"ILJ.'
LDSYS
U1"ILIT!F"S
EllOS
pr"inl7¿r:
("i.
see
in1a?e
l
F
Image
g"
).
lie
Loader
hr
uri iit\" to activare a System !rríape fi le preparec., hen
systeiu. t
It first validates the currently-running
where
they be!onp in thú
places the component
parts
13ios
Boot
routine of the newly-loadej
Cold
executes the
unbanked
and need not be plactui
banked
í"i
be
Ima?e
system.
either
les may
or
LDSYS
can
access
since
in the current ly-k'gged directorv.
files along t!"ie
Path
from
systeni
specifications.
path, or
Z3-styl-?
the
computer's
loads
le,
fj anci
merrtorv,
Using
6.15.1
LDSYS
the only way to install a banked svsíem in a B/P System.
before fina! conversion to bootsystems
war.
test non-banked
MC)\X8\"S ¿i'"í'-'
!oachi'd
be
able syfteIÍls; u")
onto system tracks usinp I\"SI"AL.12.
be
passed
cm
}'j 'S\"S(;}.: ':.
LI.NYR expc"cts
on the- Cc)nj[l'l¿írj(¡
ly a single parameter to
[h¿
be
lma;ze
If' nc' Pile ];:pt' l? G'i;-naníc of an
l.iííe. thm
im
fi le toTheload.
.IMGÍs
assumed.
p; icit !y entered.
¿i type o!'
Iocat ion of the c'Ú'si rec! f i i ¿'
be e>r'|ic'iLiy staUiu.í
t]cjri]'t¿'ii
Z"J-'K3
hí,z\"
fashion with either bt : or !)1l: :
iri
i i
L.DSJ'S
\:
p1"ei'i : íes.
g)y{]ra:
of
is therefore:
TM o\'t!1'í':
This
and
a
utility
simn le
prouides
[.c)
[du ;cii
LDSYS
l(");i;.i"i]"!¿·.
\\húu
! 'g
I'Á'("'1
[}
:
b¿"1nF:
-"
'«i'cc': ícl
í'rorí'
ctui"i'j'"
:":""¿"):"'?]'c"!"r'ecj
e"
1 j"c'7'"'
sj: \""'"Leíi|
starts
starts
Banked
ií."'.'
at
at
Dos
at
starts at
Banked
Bios at
.installing
SB180
B/P
zcpr3+
Vers 1 .O
H.F.Bower
Loader
1991
BIOS
. .
fir":
rl"'
F
Bios System
(C)
Copyright
DOS
.typ]
iii
B/P
CCP
]name[
t"u."mí
l p: mí,
it'·.€"c .
y?c'ree}"!s ííi: t· c1i>q'!á"t: d, thú
F5c)("í
loaded
the" ('(^ id
the
sy"teni at"te' cur, l :",. '
rout ír'í'
Li'i'Íl")l("'"\" í TOfu cl
LI.'M"S tc} : !'\(" nt"',': } \'— ! ',)¿i¿l'"L:
A s¿""Í":
$)';'j : t"!]í.
\"iíc'ñ ir!"í.l]lE"'c! un a K'fi¿ro"!jf"jí
S}{-}b: (' i<'
'ic'\"±i("'l't'.¿;"it
sl-j|í}n!:
K
cí!'·';
r:
by
:
CC80
(OF8OH
:
DCOO
(OFOOH
:
1080
(050OH
:
EBOO
(088OH
:
1580
(1269H
Banked
60.25k Bios
31
&
Aug
92
C.W>Cotri11
Bytes)
Bytes)
Bytes)
Bytes)
Bytes)
System
Ver 0.6
26
jan
92
(Banked) with:
Env
ZSDOS
Clock
Disk Support
Warm
Boot from RAM
RAM Disk (M:
Full Error Messages
Hard
)
115
B/P
LDSYS
EllOS
UT!L!T!ES
in rhc abm_e sample screen throuµh tl_: é line ". . . in.staj íinµ I'á!?}.z: ¿:
Ai ! subsequent
l inus in the above
sci"eerí
cit: -'
are printed by LDSYS.
displayed from the nevÑy-joaded i3ios: . Durinp alterat iorí, or moCil f icat ion Üt" a
new system.
this subdivision in the display areas niay be a clue' to any diffiThe position
culties encountered.
of the cursor at the bottom of the sample
is
which
the
Ellos, now in control,
the
point
new
at
attempts to load
screen
If" none
is found-,
additional
the Startup file defined in the B/P Header.
fenini tía! izat ion wi ] l not be performed. and you wi li see only the prompt
A! i messages
Systerii"
D:
riv"e
Use."
A,
6.15.2
inuokc'
c¿-:
ll
spc.t
thi>:
11£
an
are
No
file
LDSYS
Ambiguous
f"i !t·
Thc
inah]
fn[.ft]
fní.ft]
asterisk
io" eípandúcl
v,'ith an unarnbipuous
OpenÜ"ig:
leí
sy: 'c' i f"i '-'cl inia?Ú t i le ccw
Riig}n"\¿'í[cí'!
jj"j rnú i'i u: !á?.MÚ.
ñ3
l(;"l'""'
1)\l 1
"tlíc
t"'iñ:
!
l
a
!'"'
L
[\" to
i
Error
¿¿
File:
oñ¢' qucu'.t i·-'m ni: ',:"b:
l\.L'-c'\: c:c'utc:
1\' lüa,i .
iéíi>t
AI
if'icÑi
--()1"
Messages
specified ! ***
'A'aµ
cal k'd \\"i thcmt a speci f vinµ I"! je [o load.
i
i t d Í"c¿'t }\" \\"i tíí thí- 21('!'R
"(ii)" c'omníand as:
GO
filename
it in rhc' norm! Í¿1ghiot] speci tjüm an iriía: ze t'i le to Ioaü.
--thcí
Error
LDSYS
***
Cfi"
().
!
fi
You
m;:
t¿'¿":t-·:
v\ás {."iL".:
ñáñlt'.
re'-
ir'
1€
t l" :( onnííon
lc)L',2tc·(i.
c:iz::-.s
j..?
í\"tjc' o! "j\'f: ".'
itiá the dt'!'auNL)l'£ f'¿¿¿';
or in ¿j Pl !'i ic C: '"t-"" '("""'l'.
nc'ñ
ii
hi'
v:
i
BIOS
6.16
MOVxSYS
Track
3t
-
i> a
ioppy
T
reflect
It
MOVYSYS
YASRÜ"
Ampro
MOVAMSYS
Using
6.16.1
Litt le
MicroMint
8SYS
MOV1
Utility
System
imaµc
bootahlc"
a
tor thí l)Oo1
systení
tcj stenerate
prQ?ran]
: :ccj
custorni
each
o1"
Liaíul Disl: .
for
is
type ot n¿írd\í'a!"E'
The generic name MOVXSYS
the' Fi/P Ej1c)s.
translates
to a specific
examples
the'
ID,
of which are:
ing
standard name
This routine
track g of a
system
usinp
name
MC)Vy.SYS
UT!L1T!FS
é/P
Board
Sts-lSü
MOVxSYS
t\itti
This
hÜ:
S\>téñi
is patterned afret" the ori;zinal .\!()'\": 4i"S.(:():: Ji.qtI íht'tc'í!
prograní
'-"'i'/jj
Re"eal"u'i|
JA M'>,tt"ñí-",. but extemiu"c'ly ur¿atc'{: ! to rc'í'!e.: t
k:l|C'¿"/"\"?¿'"r
i
",rand: íí g}
I'. ent l \" of" a b,i'm' ad'irc"'",'" or ",\'"'.t'[l] "i] 't"';' i!)
]:.)jNt' cMcL> nL'c: c;e,._l to irllrujrL- !S,/!""' st¿i!]': ia;"::'-,.
ita!
ati'!it
haí:
lit
ic
ijf-'
p:
t!í i:
;'.
¿"L"'4 '
(li' 2U!itt ti'. \¥ cjñ Ukí CC)!!l: !í¿l'_! .
t he ecjü1\ a) t-'tít ñ'jE1DzÁ
b.\'-.1£l:
\j ,
I!: t-.
, , ' ·-"
in
l
¿:c!'-..\"¿"¿ltt:}[
E 2
ii
>.\": ·:tL'|!l.
;. i'·.'
the'
bi-t"n' a'id !"U: is of
!ohytt"-"
!2
¿¡|j
(u',.'
ki
.
or as
l.'or{il: i¿íl_,:?
í-'j é)L'(_'q·>C'
tlít-'
)iú\j\.<'\ !' !'¿"L!"'.ey
-j t'lenímt u) dete: "minc if' inc' \"¿-jj\jt
".
!¿-"r,¿'·¿¢.j_'.:
:luF,ií','¢!
ílzt:
ancí assunieú:
!"
in;'
l'¿'íif.:
[jj,'¿ii Ü"l'- \"¿.l"t_
¿i
i',
iii
íjj\'
c!1ti
¿_tr|.?"jr"L·""
\'¿1 i .lG
>
adciresAc!$.
Í)c
s.l'L'ci$'i(-'"\
¿-; NLíii"'. !!ii-'
} i
nm'-t
µ'reaící"
m'.
:
OÍ
"s
it"k'ñ:
;-;i)í.!í)!: tO l!)' urc- t!í.t'. U')(-'
s,\"stéíí:
íhú (j}?€'["It'-!l"i,'
u:
pc'rt ion
n tij'I i'
:YlÜTI"":"'T:',"
( ¢íl1kl1i$.)rl
) "
: 't
1 s
t Pa: ¢'i!",2uíi: e:'¡!
á'"¿': ' .
,
noi ,2 l!L': ¿¿"i.it'c']i!í¿¿! ad'-k »
.'jg
':.-'
¿::-.Yull:e.l
}): j" ¿i nu}l1i_)'_'1"É
fú.
:
:
¿
irí
(..'j.
The':
}
'c",
tlj í.i lohyrz'x
th': ranµt'
tú
lg
ij,z"j¿j
CUi
{i ..· >,í ¿¿7Yj , '"." t'!','í; ¿(g]}: l)Ü'"lL·|lí C lenicun". of' 2k byx-'-· tú: " íZÉ (j'f.)[i"l: 'l¿,¿:"É !
S!!
i?)"' c-u.
leu _\í
ÍJl_ Üb- Ésa>icP¡'ckz"-.-.cu' . .'..u
S·\""'ít: z:. an·l ¿iT
tiisk ()púraí
.
1_)í"t
)
t !
perfÜ1'i!jt,'!
i".j["t-;,:
ici/-'ú'
!Gíj-?
cÉtEcÉ."
u.:
Iü'"
$c'\-€'i"á
pj!"'- ig:í.
at't·
e'
.
u i',"'í; cj\"'- 7, ;"j t: I)' ' 1"1! t .It l t""'"'Sí"üE ¢ÍÍ;' pcr"í ícm L.")t' t tjf ' RÍ()" ( ( 'I) l i"' íü"X\í } Z {"'· '"it"' ' P ,' "
,n!7"'
jn".";¿í i(! ],'j¢_',i ;j.,;,··!lí'¿'\"¡"i"e¿'!-})'
si: u-'c! ciat: í á]"c-á"'.
'i'\','c\
li
:),(!":zR,íj'tt--!"jj
IÁ
! ;
; -
ni
t'"
::·,:-·A
:
'
T.,á:
t"7ít'
fíf'
:-·1 f/C '.
1(,
:
:-n.zt'
fir:
pro>'i
,.It:
¿¿'e
CjtÍK-'t
r "It'.
tlí:
N
i'í;
l
'rPt cl j íed on the- c()!}l|íj[ir)(: | l iñj' i:. an cipt ltjñ?í ]
af t t: T" t lie size s!"')c'ci!"¡cation.
Trj"<
! t" ,T"i
t
:
l }
i"ti¢j·
1j\.','{j
¿2r8ujÍ¡L.
l"'f"¢-':
\j'j
(jTft'-,
ci
ür
-'.:rí¿ .
M taken.
Aste'ris!.
-a
itct 1Qññ
.Ñi 7t"-',
iníage
p}"c")µi
¿"t:
t.'
and
1
the
simply
'í
Acatt' tht' systeni
to the speci fled
'\t?\"
("i. lit '"
.rt.'t,"tití
it' ll"i F!L'rl}'.)!"\" upor, c: c ittir'.g without saí"ing the image to gis!:
\'\"i } l
iniagc'
cí]¿iTact€'T"s
smt't: fy the name cd" a
i le undt"r
shnu
which name the
he'
'It no second
argument
writtc'n u") cUxE:
is given. tht' inia 'c \/\"i : he writu: rí
É'i
under
oí' ki !obyteA in
be the number
le r,aríe cif' S\'"SnrL!r.h[,\" where "nn" wi
a
the' s\".ste!]: S7 17c' ck': ,cv"i bed ahm"c' rounded
dov: :í to the nearesn
even numMr.
7M
a ".
>--'CÜ!i
'
I")
e i" l .-,:-.
t
"
ií"á:
'
íu-
"ñ"h
l'j"
}' i
( jt
!\
tí'h
ñtí
j't;'
ami
'."
:\,"znlt-
in-true'
t-
.
Placing
asrerrA
iÍ'yirl:
rt'"j: í
syi--:
t !)l?
i
i"
\"(
i'.: )\")t
>\>.(C7ll
tí
wh ic'!í
("). t"j )
argument
¿'
?l
ttjiíít
)" ]"e"cIn"'
µj"µ t- É-'[jI.
!
i
le
i' i
! t"
jj
i
the É$cjcjt Tracks, of a disk is done by LSPSYSGF-N
ist\-'
imníeciiatelr fol lou'insz MOVXSi"ü (im"oked with U"!.l_:
'
usin,ct
y FSF'M"SG!'.X
in ltlernorr"
the "Imape
seíecticm. cc p';."
\.\'.i
BPS}"S(-;!:
i'roní
and
MO\'XSYS,
X
invoking
th the n¿: !;'tf¿ lj
output
cm
clone
1")\"
.
2\i"€
\"( 'jíÁ
li
j!Í}¿¿µ'L'
P)'.'
my
i
.
f
;;,í-;--[
"l )"\t·
F° iCf",
,ís';L-: 7":j)
J'("í '"
!E·
F,/Í'
\"t"jjj r
Iii
":
c)í".
':"
In
K"c),l l
mucfí t .
oí
ten' \',' i t Ii t h'
the- ,\cm-!Sa'ñ: eci Mcme
by s.et t
in
'
l'l,S'
T Í)C
tt"ftj'
1 i ",7
B/P
MO'/XSYS
Fk\g\Kl.!) éqú,'ítt.'
í'
(set] i C'
1\'(.'.
tcj
Thi-'
4Ai.
sc'íi
tht·
'J"i!!.ñ"lC^
li":
íht." !J'Ll·-: .". .i !
t'c|úáF€' [("t \'!.5
iá'?
acjc!e·!
Ví'\'XS}"9
iiiuú mav thcn M
.t g'·t \i'z i f"': : '- (st-u."
}$Qgj'
rroi-iuctE
íju:
.¿t.}ljlj7·E(}
ítu-í
?1
S\"Stf3]í,
l-f-]
i!"ip J'L'..íf"
t..} i} Ic)
ía: !.)""(. :
CU
cle'.scr;pt
kc'f él" tc' c'h,'t;"'u. r 3 f"ül" a ñlcA"€t conip!c'ie
ion
the lnsral !: icm
sin 1'
needs,
anti
E!OS
ll"í-7
'\Ío'\"("'y):
';-v€'Cí
!"é'\
it
.
process
.
MOVXSYS
6.16.2
E
Message3
rror"
m'** Start <
:\ sUe
800OH
\"áiüe
I!!
,¶í¿it_[!rL{? ac!dreAs
u'hic'h
ü£"iLÜt>
was specified
ce CPR
", Ñ)üílE.
iÉÚÑ-z
tha:
since'
32k
base'
acidre.sú
!cñíer
(().
.Tj-j !"li)
of memory
in
the
CE-R
l-.:
be
MUST
be
banked, the
in the upper halt üf nienmry.
rruiy
ct'cute the
apair' v\') th an ad :usted gj¡ 'e specifícat ion.
proµrarñ
a
****
!"¿}.-.2"-)l-)lt'
{)r
Create Error
':
'hí' p1": -"i,:: raiu
L,"\¿}>í>
?2!'t.
!
Cf-"\üi
t"-.: l i
'.l
'.i
ct"t"it u thí' spt'í: i ! led iii ñf: ry
'csitt' P!"c?tےcte1: : di,sfettt.
IJÜT
-
cIt i"'jclc;i"yF
lilt..
üt: 't nui
g: " baG
ñitAi i:
(t :" ! "\ '¿
.
****
.-'\t)
}·'(_)'-,s]l):
mj: ü..c
c-
..Exiting
Write Error.
c:áíj'-t-
.'t
TTi" t!'ü
('{-¿"-!l're('
l-'"!"";"
¿'¿i
;jÉ-.
l
a
nñ-·'íi
j¿,
\',tiiii'
u!"
Close Error !
'\: ' l' t" ' r ocjü i" rú !
"
Ult. :líí"' i: u"z: a! i\"
¿jj"
\'."tj',
íht-:
:f"}
error.
l\_c
Ljl"
c?
s¡r'Úcii'ieLl
üí.s!: with
Í!á'.
}jil"L¿¿_É\"
o npúi
jnadL"qL: at¿'
st J¡"(Áf¿'
****
ot'tpí,t
j
****
Size
tk.ui.
U: -
l'.u: tns-:tt
****
Bad
be
must
:\l't','.:B\¿:.
Syntax.
and
118
it.
i¢j¡]Q',\
v)
MOVXSYS
"ynta'·"
t"
1\.'
\i"!t
n
ir:
-:
"
()j"
t h'
i c c' : (;""'
cij"s\"¿' ci"rcú".
9í r""'
'
" ' ' ' "'
' " : 'í· ' ' "\
(riu: i,M'" o: X: smc": :1
u: ' 1r\"¿i!.j': i s!7t"
:'Ú7ú
¿$.¿i iu'nec!
specif"ií'at íof.
an
r
!...
I!
µro;z :aí:í f't ¿::"¿!jtlL
Ét\"2c"n [j'j¿'
ijQ.
tht
['íEen}l);
¿'a n!e']}:
:
in 39..63 I!
'\\itñ
\·,,i'i J7}"'.í."5}.-: .'?i
á2.'
in
r'r('µl"¿i!;
"f'lít-
í',"anUÑ
\\'i}j
cl.-: t-
//
ÚMt: C!.
c
un: u: '.,c'd ítnti
NÚt?
Mmí-in
L
cou l{Í
1)\"
: ícn
¡"fq¡"":
etítc'mnc':
:"
lj:
CiCu
ifi'.
wh,t'
.\
.\.'
B/P
EllOS
6.1"7
PARK
i s
PARK
UTIL!T1ES
-
Drive
Hard
imp le 12,/1" '.'t
the des},?na[e(i
Park Utility
Head
rout ine that níores thé-' Hare! ñrivt· !nmcis on a) ]
drires to
tandinµ zone {also caí led shippine or park: zone) i f
c:
When
defined for the type of ontroller/Drive in your system
all drives- arc'
a
HALT
parked . the uti lit;" executes
instruction
which requires', a hardwan-'
To avoid the puss,ihí
sequence
reset or pcj\4'er-ot"i'/po'¢.'er-on
to overcortit".
iity ot
Hard r)ri\"e (iarr|a?c by renjc)\"in?
fi"om drives whi le the heads
power
p(")sitioned
ate
O!'
F'AF'K
.should
alwm"s
he execut€·L:
hard drives.
over data storage port icjñ>.
C'(_){!l!".|[Gt7"
JUl"
recorurnendat
ion is pm"t icular ly
tu turn!nµ )"í"'j!"
pr
off. This
c)i1"
wfj: - rt'
important fur drive: -. w!"íicZ do not feature automatic hard park.in;z.
.suc'h h,írd"n'are
han'e
i"ai
led.
featurü
P.jRk
a
6.17.1
Using
";jj !"1
thu-'ceac h.
i }
s
11\"
PARK
l i i
ty is, g.; híip ly c'?t i lúd \\'í { li ÍJ("j ¿i1"#Ljn"l¿"nt.¶ . íínj >,éqüt": M ial 1\" scan: -" ¿·ii :
ñ,-ü_¢i
'
Un i
PO"rSihlC
i.'i ;\"tj tlñjTG.
Üt:
Stop
exücuting the' SCjSi
t " cc)nuíí¿in(Í
.ij¿;,',¿
\\'íaúr'
tlm-ubt."on
processed, the r1"oce6s("}T disabíet i:
wñu,
a
í>,í ruct ion [q precürn tht units
í:-'Zjí
ru["Ét'·} anti e:·tÍL'L¡tt::fjofít b€"c(7: !lil1? i":
1)\',?-Í!7$t2C!Ll5..'l",'
i!"):
¿ít-'i' !\"áU-n'
Xc)rl!í:
d]]:¥",
o:_Üc
-,tr'j!.:'tiorír.
cyc!iñµ' tit ' Ty)'·\'c :" '
t!_ic'
t)rLg;sirl.}'
comput e i_ \.i"i i ! a! !Ü\4" proct'.'o
the F,t'Stñ !')'-"!i\..,"_|
or
iñ;j i [i ; t'".ú!r. .
>1'\"€·
lc)l".'í1í,:
/.',f
l): ."fo{"t:
"!'
tlithi:
íz
3Ir.í)'-;:
(."" t"
!L'\l
fj· :"
t,.' ,\."
$-"i;¿.-í'.
'
tí; l
c:
u:
\-cc!
ut
all
it'·.'-i;t
?'h
in
Uí j ]
;'"\_j'.jí-",.;
It:
: ")
6.1 7.;'
!!]L!t',,-,L'j:
[ 1.\
-í
PARS..
+++
b "
j 1
-.
L
Not
ilt
Zú: 'G"'"-
Can't
doc-"',
****
rM
hc·ati: -,
changf-"6 ciurim
T)c,Kcrir)tc): ' Fsi"c!
\"'-
"
j
: :"- |¿"\}í
i-t':
( i',
'
Ü!"!
rrcn;
sh'"u!'.
iin'i
(íj't\"€'"..
( ": i
>'!'1
t.j;..jf
irií"
\\ i'
l 'g t.'
nc': '"rúí'i !
l")Ec'c): :'""-
t {"; , L ( } ,É i"}";
ope raí ic: :í.
:"í'Y!É
cu
I
:
u:
.
!J'-';
jjí:
j"'bi 'fj g
t'
+++
e": ccu t:'
a : [ c' i"t"¿i
i'\l
e
ht'
tr
uri':":t'r
¿j
ioc'"tticur,
M')"
c ]"
CAñcl"
\"11 ! i-" tí' ?-
t'\¿Vi
ñt't<.l
!.',/'1
.
'.""ci
;',\".tíñ..
c.':
t
ñc-
I :-
:
aborting
hii-Á'l [l)
...
l"
i!iit"'.i
'"gu'"
this type of Controller! +++
u:'utt'j with a typt' OÍ (ontro!le:
Llni "
j eríient
Block
,.':
",',¿i
t
!.!a: .
j\'¿j.¶
not im'
SCSI
Thu
u'"iinú
1!ic.' ic
Park
}'i\P.!k
ÜHtl
M- --
Ellos
>'
;i't:
,.
r
(.-
vy)s
cc rllodí!!'"i?[io!";·
cÜrrE'cL!'.'
i'?;€'!""i[tl:
+++
' 1l
?. i !. ' ,' '.
-"
. .
.
i','
"
'"ii'.
i.
.-
[i
i
-
i:
l
;
B/P
.-\.!
iit:"-
i:
"
Length
tl 1()y íioe: ', nc'"
Stop
Error
t
S(j8l
i"unct
ion
o1"
üj"irc'
In
the
it :'
}$,tr-.
.
!
s,úppí'rt
the F>: tendt·d L'omnían(]gí
nc-ces: ",m"y l(": ;';: ".·
'
8CS4
i"i"íjs
thü "Stop t:
Function.
is nio-'ít pj"(Ñ)a!): \- ch-ii 1()
i!_.'l:\"
[.,"[tss¢'}":
ecii
oí
vmich
tht: Bios
altered
ar
tljé (: (")rlif:a:}.:
t"T
i,':"i\"c'
ijm"tí
i'unc't
Újt'
ion which
Gltí'.
the raíuü>.
euMr
returns
i
! T
,
SETCLOK
SETC'LOK
6.18
Thi
77/!'
Rea!-1"ime
-
CKcK
Set
Eí!O9'
LJj'lL!?lij:
,
Utihty
CIOCÉ
tí"\jtii
a
a FI/P F'icts
pMsica!
ut i i i t y pi"g\" i CiCtG a uieans cji' s€'Tt¡n?
"j..'_)(: Kb.l)!\'i"
i
in
the
ZSLÜS
c lock contained
ibrary.
presents a siniilar irnerIt
l uti
face to the ZS1)()S
iity TLsr('].(.)K fj"oRÍ which it was derived.
sí
6.18.1
Using
SETCLOK.
is invoked by entering its name with an opt ional
init ial te,qt ing. or tryinsz different clocks (always
simply enter the uti iity naníe a:'n
SEI'CI.OK
For
e].
':'Icx:É:
a
Í)J"
XumMr.
procedur-
í\'t?l"
cian?ef"ous
SETCLOK
u'i
You
I!
custom
]ir)r¿"tr: ¥".
be
£'j"c'ci
[
o: "
}
.
aüked
cIocÉ.
a
c'ñt€'í"
You wi
ihí"ary.
whct7: t:c
"n'"
i l
"l"lí
!
"
tíh
vd"":
¿"i isc"
}
fi ;"rj'j tire u" iru
to cut r: tc i cIoc'F g'. t i"oe1 ¿2 :7'iram".
fi"cA?i
cfüc-!'.
\"Oú
tCj
a
\',í"'í'í
u"e
IÍ'
the prepare': ! ·'Ñ".F.
1>
the cie!auir síc'ttinµ if" a '-'¿írri,·: 2"í' b"j"iur: í i '. {. '" -·!' !
ul"lk€"(j f"o1" thc ioc'at icjñ (!..'.!"i\'e/[ "c'!" ) ú!' the' c1c·c'É.
'.
7CCu
a!"!"r',",t'7"'
r'rí")T}}T)
n
í.
sL"q.\jÜncfj
ñ)"í"t
appear
a".:
Extract Clock from Library ({Y]/N)
Location ot CLOCKS.DAT [BU: ] :
:
_
_
i :
ah(7','c'
s7iRjI7i
; "
t iq i
:
c" t."roul: 3T
"vi'l l ]
Pl"Q'^': !j::\"
'
a|\'-"¿q': g
i l)C ,',...-' '::z.íí"renl
ai"ic:
'ít"f,':
",ií:
nñc',':
n
as
! ':
ú:'tiú"
drÁ'r
l!.,
\"ouí"
:
:
",'"ji:
t': le i'. (")1. t!,c. c2i"i"cñt
cij"i\"c- á!2c1 PL."!'! ic.
l\-](")E!u'¿"(l
tbú
t ' u: "j .
.
\'i"i
-.
Í-"":
p):-"' t': -j7jt!{7
CA-tac!:
i"'\"ir';-'
¿íj"¿"¿....
,:
i Mu! >;)ú¿
'j!")!CI:}l'
íhe
rz't!L-.-{:
t!"
t!"n' }-"jj"!L
lc': 'á:ior, é."!' 't: "it_' ['l-(""tr.ú: .!.).-".! ! . ! e . Ü :" ¿_7 !t.: '.t'[jtiC)!"l ¿Ácc'es:"}i7)lt.'
I'
othUr"}',"1jt
!(.'c;"?jl{")]í
¿"..ti"
l'C'
'.:
a
:
"Árt',".iy
c)'
tg)ÍÚ!'
'",""
>a2íl'!"l',
entcr th:
rr' .
1'()
j(i'A'¢',"i
1\
C!_Cí .'ás
:1
árÁ It car"iazc
Cc) 1.')1,
: '.-'·. :
re turn .
.lis: c·; ore' !" 4 "
,,
.
.
.
"1"(.
a\"al]¿ibjc' : IücÉ", i',"j i! e!)¿")t-'cL¡'.
"cüí'cr ("flt-' of" these clock c1!u\"u!"s. c'!2ié!_ t jÍ'¿!
(j'("): "T"€"A]'t)")(":
n!Á;: l|)L"j
v\ :
in,.' 'L o Uit' C >cK. . mA tht-: proprat,
do the !"€'gí .
'\&j ,cm"
·-'
\A.j
lznAtui
-·j';
·i"\'t-j
'h'-'
"!OcÉ:
ioacied.
c-)'.
j:
Áñti t: '"í:L'C[l{:-":l.
Ct1l\"t't"
IS
·ti:
lIjL'"Ñ¿i2f.:>
bti-l
!
! l'
Yi i } !
¿¿ i
tiít· lmíe anci T inie rcaci 2 i"orr t hti
,!x" ! il??-'g}g}¿Áµc
gnc: >, 'ñt' i l .
í",,,/i'
'the"
]{)'.'.t?("!
1")\
isin"tÍIÁF
t!"jí'>:
>¿"L;:¿'
t"i.o:k was Set Ok.
clo)-. tí\i
j'f"i\"t.:
I: '.
y"\'s-rL":
.
¿ t
!
"t
i"
?'
;.'.
l)
;;í;'-.Tí"
:
t
tM
If
'j
ria
ciiüer
;
i!':
Ul
í
tí:
türnat i\"új y. a clock dri \"c'¡" [}j¿;\' be se fecteci for automat ic exccuí- lot) acccmci-To use this mde. the ("!-f)í K'\.Í).· i'
inp' to a speci!"ícat ion on the coníniand line.
I)ü
f"i le must eithci"
I"'rive and User, or on the cúTT"c-ñt
in the curi"ent!y-iogged
the syn'ív: for this merhoc: c\t" sot-drive with thí- PÜl'.lic Attribute bit- set.
tiñfz the !S,/i' ,"iuS clock is:
.Al
SETCLOK
where
t' j ! c'
.
alias
l)c)(")tt'\i
12íj
nn
"nn" is a nuníher c()rr€'spQn(iinz
to onc· o! tht' clock> in tñú ('¡-()'.-'F.g..I).-'Y:
'!
hi ". niethoci of Q'9l"át ion rúay be usíect tQ set the bicis c lock wi t hin an
vt'ht'n { he C(")!]"l!"-!t fil r i :
such
sc: "íp2
as 9! A!Qj)'i i', ( '{))¿ ccminion ] y used
' t": !"S·.T
E/P
6.18.2
SETCLOK
oí"
S.jñÑj'
thc
'fjhtst:
pro?rarli.
Messages
Error
t'rrorx in the
íonsi
crroí>
$í,'lt
by
útil-tu" are fzéñemteci
iÁíh
Cit
su
it
in locating Clock fi1e
-- Error
This routine could not find the CLOC.kS.bAT Librarj'.
the library either exists in the current Ly-íogFíed
directory.
can
the
PL"Lílic
()t ht.':
dr ¡\"c:
feature.
C'Í"i"c!!"'4
"
:-j-·]
arc'
i
t'c'ted
or is a'."ai!abie along the
generated in
t()ií tht- c! C'CKS
-- ErrorT!it" Opening
g.L'lí.'ct(:
!"
"iyj-
:t
: (v.: !"
jj
Oftz't.
nt'."-t
i yí.}
r
j
-- Erro: " in
'
'i
T
I
(.-'i(.),-ü
>¿'l{¿': 2¿.i
"L_l
\j '
L C, : l-
'" '" 1
r'
x"í:
11"!2
extract
Such
eI'"r(jr:
·:
and \"a!j[i.ñ{
conñ·,t :."'] :
inµ'
tnc-
:
fn.ft
in
C1Í"
'the ).i!?l"ar\"
thú' C!()'""KS.ñ'\"!
ctv'j:
t'i!C-.
!
!"'l-
;7._'.1-
c"';"'t: íc·:.
it
!"Qt' :'.1 .-: !"í
í i"íjTi.
I tí
i
.
: i ' j ':
l
1Y"CJl,
:.
.
ü'": f_i"j""Lli}:-]c)l'
i
t "
n':
ut'
( ' ! (.} t R
,'
1 l C) : ,"
/,'( u ;";"
i
i "i ,"
, , .·, :i
1 ,
f'Át.
(!()Lf-: µ.'f),·".l
t!it·
clockname
:
cr-c: l'l
" '"
(i '" ! ', c :
'.' :'
dr'n"t"r
c()r"]"L.ll't](Íí:
¿t fíC
"' T'i
t T \ (t;it
':
t
i r;
"i
t t;"
')"
lC'tl
'
"C
Á"ji;i"
¿,jl'l
-j
C t- "" t 1 ' "
; ' '
!-
'l
I
: "'
'"
.
-- Error init1a1izin9
:
(_'l(_)L: 'k
("} " ' }. "r T" . ,: i
,
¿.;".í.;j ci"j: - jt.":
:
lihrarr.
found
Path.
LXjS
of"
process
Insure tnn:
be
clockname
:
t. " " t" ,." ' '
1",'.)
.'-
,
/"i
the'
.!i.\'i
U:
Reading
.a.: ]
,: '
íittt'
|";¢¿{.,'R.t )j7
-- Error
"' 7 i '
to!)-iL'\"L:
the'
:
This is only for Z80 type computers!!!
This rout irte wil i only operate with Z80 or conípat ible process('/!"g.
is a B/F' F: ios ütiiit\" which is also restricted to these types.
+++
since
SEJ"CLOK
UT!L1T!!-""
EllOS
'.'.," -,
DAT
"n
",",'}T]t
file
:";üju
} I,
'Flí i,
t'";¡j'"'
I
i
Pit"
í'iui
>.b"'
jÚl¡
': \".
overflow in DAT file
1híIC\"
a! Ioj7ü- ic.u cdr: "¿'r ocLurzec: lh Che c Q¿'j.. r(: í:.|í trc' i': Mc'.
:
j{'¿í:
[€-".i
:7j-'llic)f"\"
c'áú',¿·;:
Tñi g, shot: ! :"i nm occ-'u
ñc a'
to 1): .· ¿FL'ee(!L'["i.
r in c·iñ;" 0^
} i?):'F{'"\
ííg
M-ii.
Ci"
Icá',:
nía;:
t
bt' exr)e: "i¿'nce(l
i t Uc" >"2 mic'l
:
!\"ú > .
ji7': a u.' ñt :f
ÉC)!!c")'\',£'(:
}
M"m"i cic·i"el[?l'][!' ¿; c-u>t[)Él! clock:
.
Memory
--
Still
t.
rou
t'1"
: \..
R!t
oíhtu"
c1"!"Ür.> ]"'_" j ai e
\i"tjc'tí]z"j"
i t iA ti"oñ':
tríe'
I!'hí'se
ir]c!}j{"i(-':
tite
Üíl'
and
reí'. Éinzz
c.'iock
Lim: ary.
lirú: inµ
loaded
c)i"
oí"
rhe
sE"}ec[Úc!
a StaIlcialorl€'
as
c'lú_i_
drí'. -
t'rrclrj.
.
+++
Can't find
: CLCCKS.DAT
couici
not iinci the
it' ar atteuípt i> niíúlc to use a
in r.hc currt--nt i.'ri'\'L-/L'gj¿'r,
via
SP"!"J1_,(.'R
be
tCj
seeri
M found
Put It.
+++
lñ.m."t·
thí:
Error
"
j\;j
i ii'
on
L',
E"
file
¿cj;"
j
, t
rt-ierenced clac!: fi le. This errcr" ','. ! !
standalone cic"ck driver \'\'}7ic'li couici nc't
the PLlilic atzrÍbme.
or ¿jjoñ£! the }.}."·,
open
\'.'ñi if-: t '"}"] n ?
o'-(-',!r]"Li
\'1¿f'
(-'i.) r :"ú'- 1. ! \" a", -,z: n"L!?·!¿c!
Zc'
ai'i
C-:
:
,'íjt
t
,"y
::
a¿;a
k,ia!j'.: ::!Fj:}L'
] :".
i;
Í('f'¿
?.
fj;í..
.
1?1
SETC!-OK
B/P
BIOS
l!T!f..!TIE3
Error sizing : fn.ft
: /;rjF-:
The se lecíed
y,
c lc'cp- I i lei contained
t?rron€"c)ujj
or 1n'\",-!¡c:
!
It" this
inf'orriíat ion.
is repoi"tt": Íroní the CLOCKS.LA'I file', reloi"Á tíítÍ file
from your ZS1X)S
backup
disk and try aµain.
while ioadirµ a
If it is reported
standalone clock. i t is l7lOSt often due' to incorrect
spec
cat ions of' the'
(-'SFC3/D.SM;/N"amed Corrinion areaÑ within
the clock template.
insure tht:t the' c lock
specifications
tOl lüw'eci. reassemble
wert'
the driver and try again.
+++
ifi
Link Error : nn in file : fn.ft
An error occurred whi le ! ink ing the re ic'catable code
Thu "nn" reported
driver.
to the exact nature
is an indicatcm"
Consul t the authors
cannot
resolve
you
the
error.
if
+++
1\.\1-)
e: "rcw"s
are ir)ciícatoi"j} that erro1"'¿ c)ccUI"rt'(j cU
' ink{..(':
If" either
lías been
loaci'nl.
and \'¿Qi idated.
clut.'
oS"
tCj
CIC'CR círivc'r,
gn-'j€"j[ 1(ji"'
an incorrect
is n|c)",i. Qj : e'í
harchi'a: e cont rol i Íñ2 tñf' sc!t'cít"d c X"\ct\.
()jj aictn"ai itYí: -, ft)
which a!tm"et! tht' spt: 'í"'it led inít"·rí ¿íc'é.
final
The
cir l\"t'1"
.
f'r(7lí\ ii
of" the
after
che'
i'-, ñí'.j"it
\_¿ñut"'
Éií: -'
u,'.g't.
'Á"í'-'ñ
("úcc'í!_"
probienis "n"iíí"i
Íiít k,.'i' !üí": u
cu":
í.!rí\."t'!"
c{"'ul{j
¿"iCt1\"t' i-;'-)-:
rm cle'ü-"c1("u"
Mj-'7- ;jt";.j
th·:
iricoi"rc"ct dí"i\"£'!".
rt-'súit of' sÁ."'t'(-tirl2
ask-c'd l'o: " 'm"úz
ic acld'"egjÁ'-': -> i.\i" "."'2j'Í'_·: Z i','2'j: ;x :t"..t I': ft-..;.
12?
.
Ti
i '",
, "
: 1.
.
[ijf.,
{'C)C,'.-
"l i
i
g,
" :
'-
if
Setting
-- Error
"itíc !ñcr·
C' i t ", t,
c'loc'S
t!Í¿"y-!_
Not Ticking
--- Clock
The >tÑe"útúi
clmr:
(ji't¿"!"?
lock
error.
c
t?':: ' "
:
B/P
Bios Clock I!
i"Ll"".': ":¿'::
'a!
z :
u
—m.
:"'í'
"'-',í
e::"í".'"
: !}
t_ !'
:
;i"1j€'l: :níi!z.
i
\J!c> lw":
fyinz
',"!'tÁ
r[2
: ",
j¡
'j
y.'-
t l?t-"
i c 'a
tf">: :. L'.,
."'
:
'- ' i- '. .
"
! '. ' -
' - ,f
.
Display
- partition
SHC)WH1J
6.19
S'HOW!-li)
UT1L!TÍES
EllOS
B/P
Utility
is a utiiity which is furnished with rhú h/'p }-.ios packa7e a', tin md in
convertiñfz ex ist irisz systems
to h/P bios without !osinµ data. particular -ly t"'!)
spe':
Hard
ic to B/P Fnos and should prope·rly execute on
brives.
It is not
display the current Hard
ib! e sy.st éj2.
any CP/M 2. 2-compat
Its purpose is to B/P
NtQÍ.!"U?
Filos
conf
írí tnñei"
igure a
Mive Partition settinps so that vou may
code.
or in1a?e form lwi t!í !SPí'.\'FG) to ret'lecr the same part itioning data.
SHL'WHñ
if
Using
6.19.1
1'hi>
rout
iñ€'
aridecí.
not
"icj
SHOWHb
úcuu-"
eu:
i\j
It
it.
so t'ri íí"j V\ZÑ"f
which is normally infrequently.
baAic ut i
and
only operates in an interact j\'¿' híQcÁ
expects nú ar?u!|lents
Fili¡!"!y enter:
litr
a
.
SHOWHD
You
\',i
i
!
preget}íe{]
sanip!e
CjÍ
M
m
ti ':
Show
[)r(3n}!)[e(!
i!. i:
' ":'u: lgí'j
C:
Hard
a
lí"tin.z
sty
cir"j\"é
Mít'n
kÑtém
c'nit"rt-."i.
'-he' iQszica j pá: "awt'tc.i's.
ft';"
;."üu _" :
cji": "'.."t'.
ii
ttt'
1,¢.
."
: b :
Partition
Drive
Enter Drive
Drive:
j
€'ñtei"
t("}
",p!
Data -
[A. .P]
Letter
:
2
l
I
91
Nov
C
j
q
)
C
BPCNFG
Info
DPH
lb
l
Info
i
Sectors/Track
Blk Shift Fctr
Block Mask
Extent Mask
Disk Blocks-l
Max
Di
A11OC
Check
rs bytes
1
Si ze
Track Offset
6.19.2
Only
SHOWHD
one
+++
ntessaµe
Invalid
"fríe-
Error
may be
64
(same)
=
5
4k/81ock
=
31
·
=
1
=
4999
200OOk
=
1023
1024
=
FFH,
=
O
=
3500
OOH
(same)
Message
displayed
frorri
Drive : d
Lc-ttu- :',e!cctt±d
b: _n"t
Total (2500 Tracks)
Dir Entries
the
vcax
util ity.
Rot
a
valid
It is:
drirc'
uuhiri
tti/-'
Fiiü
123
.
El/P
SPINUP
6.20
SPINUP
is
Hard
-
Disk
Motor
a µenú,"ic 13/P
ci."i\"é.s.
moves
UilLiTIES
BIOS
Utility
Control
útil ity to directly control
the heads and motcrs ot
specified
the
hard drire unií to Ue
It
desiµnated shipping or park zone
turn the drive motor off if called tCi
Stop
the unit and that feature exists in the drive.
If called io Start the
unit , the drive rriotor
is turned on ( if" appl icable) for tbe speci f led drive
unit arid thc heads are positioned to Cylinder O. This routine mat be used á'-f
a
of
power
conservat ion feature where opei"at ion can be continued for periodu,
irííc'
from
i
F'lopp'c'
need
RAY
ic)
drives
drive
accem:
un t .
without
the hard
t
or
down"
"spun
been
has
SP!NUP
unit
which
with
Attempts to access a
will result
in an error.
This routine iq essentially
a gener" c version of PAkk (seu 6. I")
and is t'urnN-hscl
in squ!"c: ú cocie forní to denmnstrate methods of interf"acin? te'
Hard Drives fj-OllÍ Apj'} ii'at ion Progr¿ttÍls.
SP1X1"P
SCSI
newer
6.2CL1
utCiiy
l7C)ii'L'1"
i!",: "
cl : i
'
phy:
" ! '
f"o!" tí'-t;"
r'.ri[lÉ,"'Lr] }\" in
','.'tltÁC/
{ i CYí
dc:
".i
íbeneral
·':
]
í-¢i.
i\", on 1\"
':
', |j\'
!
l.
coníujan(i:
:
'.
ing
cont
ít-t
\',·:
7"\"a
í: cuis·.e
Stor,/st:
the
[t":
SP!NUP
Using
7"!"'ii>
tíÉc'
:r
li:
r: eaü".
E !":C
O'\"g;
an fi eu 1)l-' í '-y
-· c:Á
!ixr'?
1'¡'J\"l'
" .""
:uicl
.
\"F'r)
,
heads on
and rnay
the
' r- ' "
- '¥ ·
'
a '.
:
cl
(iCí\!,Z: 'l¿iZC':
C(:
(t;"guIj"!t t';
i-.?¿a(!l: },2
:
tj . F :
EÉ{'
)" '
""
"'
·
'" '"'
L
i
'L"
c"i': :
SPINUP
',',f;
'E','i ! I
i gí
iwj' u'
ylA,!)ú"
ii'
l
¿j--.
C(lÍ.)
l'":
"- '.'
t li
¿1i"2: 'j!':i.'r'}[
>tiírí It!:' ljj'
statu: Ñ'tt'j" ]s': "-ul!U
results oí' the Q!)t'rítt
Stc'!-'{'€d,
Stat tetl. o: "
-
t: (-'l
"íi:ic
i-'-
SPINUP
\U;¿"íhL'j"
í': !í·-':"t'
.
¿"i
r
'['
'\U'ítM
i: u'
^iti1
{
u
!CÜ'\
·
"
-
'
-O
l. 'l
[
>,i.,:
)3"'í:,',,.
ctl"l
,
ñé\í"t
c·
LCñ?z.
'ti inií
cmi !G+tj;.
syú.[c-ll|
St'Si
dr i\"c': re "mcnij
?_/í"
í,n: ! pc) .; : ]: v
niot
-dr i':
(.'C);}lRl¿i: É(1--!
::'"i.\1
! :",
$!-'Í
!'
.
: j L
"\i:tí itl i.- n i t .\"uI;"l!")(' r íuí
.
\"cilid '"nit \unI}-;'cr3 ¿j["\.
t!ic
Éizt'
Ci ,f
j":?"2 !
,':"1 {'.('t S.: '.:.
'_
b.: ítEUrµ"-opc"r:"í¿Ud
p:
n
tp}í-
É".
ll¿'¿"ic!y.
t nú
',;'"'1
i'
c:
rij
.
i:"i'.|}:-¿:Lc'Ej
éfi..Y\
111\"
':'
p¿")',gfj
t"
'ziii.l?l\"
t' F(j!!:
!?¿Á--)'.jF},:
" : ,:.'
:
;
:
,
'
n, i'·'·
:
O
ríioriiío.r',, thr urí:
the drive whei"í
anc
ret'orts t!ít' status
i g..
1()!""1
rtigcel\"el-!.
returned
kesults are
¿ílt'
as: the unit
2
l
below) .
ar crror has occarred see (). 20.
$|c)1'/Dir!'
í!",ti-
t.
c'c}l1lQ: ¿¿rlL¡
É'i"i\"é
lit r:l
.,
Lnit.
.
8F'7Hi1-'
cíf'
'
cí:
ÍCj
u) stop a hard t"i\'tü you W-ISl insure that acces>e>,
by
stopped
unit
is
the
riot
while
anr lo?ical driut.' un that unit wili 13PS\GAPqccui
(see 6.f') or aiterinp the Loñirnand
l[)>'i¿a}
drives with
either exchangi[l,2
ZSDOS
OQ>"í
Paths
Seam'h
yl"(")ces.so}" au: i
Ctility ZPA"i!!. For1)1" exarnj"Üc. j;
uith the
ire ií: . you
a
part ition on the subject Hard Di"1\7c ax
your system includes
ZCPR'l
M:
an"j 7SbO>
ami
l""trire
stopped.
the unit is
as
hme io#µt'd ontü a Fµ\\!
i n
Read
in
i\"nic'j)
Olí
a
l-rro: ".
j','j]] remiit
dri"ot A:
mat' atterript to f'inu tí Silt:
M:
is not in
this ttxarh;"))t'. ynü niiíy c'; tht-"r 'u'.,jµ cft"i\"c .·'.: \i"i[r) Id: . insu"inµ, íhaí
!'![")i 1| [': ¿Zl)j
Í-Í-I
A:
m-';
tuc'lude clru'e
ClÜ'K't"
íjtÁiÁ (jj"
PÁOl"
124
'lo
uiÁng
SF'IN'Í'
t3/p
BIOS
6.20.2
UT1L!T!ES
SPINUP
Error
or
fications
idem ify
correctly
Can't handle this Controller
The Controller
Type within
+++
SCS
aborting +++
made to execute
the Bios altered
the system
...
modi
t"
Messages
Not B/P Bios
An attempt was
made to
+++
Uní
S?!1Q!)P
!
Corrtniancix
Type!
SPUYUP under
a
the locations
Rios otht'r
or values
thn:í
needed
ti/l"',
[c-'
+++
the Bios
handle the '"Stop/Mti
cannot
":
.
SCSI Block Length
Error !
The Bios does not support the l'.j:tendeL:
Commands necesí,an"
Zfj t'-::':"i
the drive on and off' u": inµ the" ' Stop L"riit" and "Start Unit " SCM !'unc't icjñu.
1'his is rnosl probnMy d'.tt-' 1("\ chanµ.cu during an ec!i[/aNseni!): \" of th: tifj'-¿ Üiich
& i tí'í"ctíl
ei tl't- i" t!Xi' (""C)ili[É"i:¿!,..i hú"ci"i purr f$lück s j 7ú . Ql" the' Ei,tírd l.'í""i \"c' !"unct lot",
which I"L'íurn: -] t!"r" \ú'iittt-.'>,
****
**** Invalid
!Y)\-S
icai
Unit
#
"!"!ít y"'z-':
'l é-·{
Híc"ci !.U','. t- U!l;['>
ii
!
'.!12!
1-1}"€
i r}U!Ilbc'l" \\,'ái:
recogmzeci in
not
"'()"
!!,/1-·'
íñt.:
' }
,
'_,.
"
(g
"-""
.
i' ·."
t úl'
Z ".í"fj·
1 2,'J
B/P
TDD
TDD
6.21
SmartWatch
-
is a cus'tom]?eL"! \'erbiorl ot" the ZSljÚjí utility Ti-'.
used
to displm'.
set or upd: ne the b/'P l3ios clock.
only exists \i'itií the L)ai las SmartWatch
(bS-12i6L) or
Arrípro Little Board. Sli!SXj or YASBLC.
Using
v:
ith
ZSboSZ
sy: 3teÉ!l',.
capab:
JDR 3'Q-sjot-clc)c'E:
in
This
,
i
latter
i
[\"
üjé
TDD.
obtain>
'i"lji)
U"T!L17!ES
Utility
Support
TI?7'
6.21.1
FlltjS
the
informtion
and bate with a LXJS Function 99 and
Your
Mum have an instMjeci
systerri
'lime
system
your console.
on
displayú the
clock driver
the clock driver
to use this utility.
supports a set function, T!")l.) car: !'[-'.
If
DOS
Time
When settinp
and
99.
Date
usin?
ion
the clock. Tb!.' will
the
t'unct
L)[hA'}a!]c}
(:
i..int'
ope:
ive
either
an Interact
allow you to
driven ñiQ'ñf.
ratt' in
or
responcis
'!'Tí!..
obtain
thí' s[: ln'."!¿ír[i
LlSá,!Zt"
icf"
hr
duscr ij'í
a
'U.)
ot: 't
niay
jr.
a
cn:e': A,' tiic
lj"
ir,
cit'scI"ib€·{"1
?LcjUé".'-
by
te': :.
Sect 10!!
.".
l
enter ing:
You
iíía :'.
//
TDD
jo'.:
F!t:
: 1.(-'
c'\.É:
!7!"c': -:1 an,
!'t:
"'"::'í!!
n,íi'"c'
rm.í
tú
from
"!"ínít-"
t líe
c!oN.
S:\"S7lt"til
!"·y
:3
lhi]"'i
'.
c : '"."
é
tis:
TDD
; t
\","m
r'j 1'
chi"cirly
')2
j "{-'rÍtL"i";Il,':
", '
¿l
7'(,
j l "}
-
'
'!(0
!)a"
'
c
loch"
c
,
j13u
crz:
jz.\"
q e ',
i
[ ii'
jj ,"\
'."
5t"¿: ()!"Í¿!
!
'
' í "
tdd l'
í:
>,May
cc"nt inuc't:
Áj\" is a¿'pIL'>.gL'/: l hy
"
.'\
i
ht· ()§"gr¿li!}L"i-l
cT]teri: 2?:
\iñj
ñit_:\"
CIJ
r:
í
l !
t'pcl,í"t
ú"\"éí
r.
u'n
}
,'Z:"l\"
.
TDD c
T'ñt'
h\"Sí
Ioi
nanic-
él1"i
k
iO'-
C
:
!(")1\'c':
u'i!l then
i)ate f"iéií!'·
pc'sitiom
'thc
Cáú'jj"
be
'jjj"¡¿'j'
126
¿':
\",1í
iii
in
t!"it:
'Lnzer¿ícÍ
,i: '
e ["
l\"t
1'\"
níocic'
e1)LEjr};1;?
íli..'
;': '.,-r'..,.
:
askeci
v\"i
ll
to er,tc'r the date.
accepted (L S or
\u ll ("!isÍr}!a!-" tht:
either:
The prompt
au.
I"-urope¿;n)
be'
Enter today's
date
(MM/DD/YY):
-
[-\í
Enter today's
date
(DD.MM.YY):
-
f"urcmeai-,
t
)r!¿,.É'
{l{i{[-
and reí:
eníl"i€'q :-,uc!í ai.,
j":'..
t"t--.: 1:"l'i¿i.\L·¢l
rl
day.
{niünth.
u!
]Q\"¿:
rj":
'i
i')(ll"¿LnlL"1
s
in which the date
or
s+
tht' "S'
tdd
You
í"/t'
nimy
bµ
tu
ha'-,
:m--:i
t'ntL':
ec:
.
ht-·
rnaí"
an
: :.j;
y%.")U
lñ\"áÁ
either
iii ckiy
i
T}tú-\
\i'i
! l
:
eT!íI":
one
!'cu
ÍoTñü,1
or ['.'jo cíizns in
the cntcrt'ü: LñoñÜ2
é:ic!:
vA
: !
Y.
be pl"c)[r!rte(j
foi"'
thí.
cui"rc"m
7-
,rnt.
8/!'
v:
! i
\"ai"y
i
ivt:
Reiat
counter
Thz"
p: "oííípt
tñt"
Ljij'
"I
UT!!-1TltS
EllOS
ciepenc6:
Sú>L5t
iµ"
ítuít-
on \\"hetnei"
you a: "ú u: ·jnµ ci Rea! Tinic'
í"Cjf a (- lock.
The t\\'o prümj"'t :> ¿j;"g;
Enter the time (HH: MM:SS):
Enter the relative time (+XXXX):
Real
Time
- Kt'laíive
-
CAr-?
c:
.
'
úluck:
íóuntúr
Tirüt'
is. assumed
ttj he in 2'í hour format when a Peal Tinie Clock is beinµ usect
bt.·
Tli&\"
Seconds
orúi t teí! "n"hen
When the relat i\'é cioc'k i ",
set t in,z the c lock.
a
tt\c^ count
used.
Cc)uq"+' rnusí pref
to which you wish tg set the
Count: -, ft"oh: +() to +'j9'·)'·) are T)er!]i!Ttel: l.
t c' r .
ir
relative
tlíc t iníc É'izt ry is erí'it'd with a
A
I)l' au[L)[Ílaí ícal íy set .
níessape
ti : r pcMñt . the next kc'y depress ion
ÍÍF' C!OC'k . TÍj i: -} procU(íu]"t.' ai 10\'\"5 you
oric gí ths mny ¿;tj j'.j !"L1É c" t iní'.
sou 7"c€' >
VJKtñ
carriagc' return, the date and t irtíe
v\'i ]} prortipt
you
to press an'i" key.
(other thao shift and ccnt rol l \4 i l l
to accurate' ly synchrúni 7': the t imc"
noi
lla"]¿í ' WífY"ttUI'"
Écji :O".'cj
by tho' c1,-ttü
ii";-, (}/" í.L}rc)!"'L'¿i!],' tui
"i";"'t.'
c'í'u: É ú:
l7m{"c)li"l:
T i :ii :'
¿'¡.:
.
').
"i
t
itn
\'.
.
1")\"
iatecí
t i\í_ c lüc'É: j "'
enícrinµ tb'" prü'"rmi ñáij'
f)'!"l!:
The date níu:
be in thc: CQIIécL
t 1ñíÚ.
cj;ñ !c7xÜ
"i ¿j (, ¿.)j!jn}('n'"j
It" ari error
gíjñi i'nírtíci "!'hlm
Cí'"túCtt:
i! i:
is
,
íÉ'.-- 1() !,'k'
iñít"í'ac't j\"C m'ociú' an': í :-)]"oQ¡l)t> f"-;ú'" Cúitt' a: Ñ
it
t}"¡';
'í";ú:
rj
,'u
s.t:
init
ui
:',nci
¿¿:j.")",
Configuring
4&.2
7':
:t.
j
l
'
L e <-,t;' }' ! )t,' .
! :
"ñ!
.
íj-
,
L"ú
:
1)!(
the
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l' L -f-'g[ I P!-.
in tlÜk'F
to: "rmn cd ñK"x!í j"..
, '
1,5'
Sep IS, 19&S'. or the í'ui'opean
and 1111 Ñt7j"\" :':tyh:
Sep
ei' :
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z
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7
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tñíi "ii-' 71A:
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t"!lYtrih[:
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Tb
Error
Message-t.
F
;"y-': " lift- - -á,'ijt"
2\
n{,)\'\: ¢ '. 'm l
t
,
,
SORRY!
lt
t'.":
Un- i
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cíl
t
,:
í
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'-,in,ij"'
tí
t.'
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le"
¿ijkí
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art'
l?íO: -',t
ty
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ii -eTrla!]¿ii(";|"\".
.
'l'!'íí
***
\'.'itt
g
NO
!
-
ZS1X)S
or ZDújS is requi red to run this program!
tríeci tú run this v.'ith someone
e1sc's Dos.
t'i": "or abort ;-j to tlui (jc)rÍ}n1aI]d
l"rocesscm
L'sc'
tíbL'c'>
Clock Driver installed!!!
u) retn-i a clock which doe: -: not exist.
lns.taC
7ñi>. error aborts to the Command F'rLjcegkgj.")1".
again.
\"(ju tí'it'ci
S!"R-"í'/S'l
and
¿,
!'f
';"!Otn.
trr
*** Clock
tiF!!fE
7
i. : '.!
:"
.
You
zi)lx)g
i-c
i'itE
'I'hc
7"i".'.
does
cl(_)c4
Tli:
'-
NOT
Support SET!!!
t\'i } } ñQt permit
dí"iret" on u")ut ccmiputer
¿ii){."")l"
L'í_í"í""'i
t :"v to the Comniancl Processor.
\"03
[(_1
s¿«
ti: ':-
1 t) 7
t ~·t
B/P
TDD
EllOS
UTI!-!T!F9
B/P
Bios to use!!!
utñitr" only t'unct ion: -- under Fji'P 15tcr'.. It j"cA-! are ug·'!')??
Biers and thi s message
appears, it is most probatAv due to edit/reassenibú"
the Bios source which altered c'rit ical values in the data structures.
Must
***
have
This
Hardware
Since
***
Type
TÍ)D
will only function
if
Not
Supported
of
!
***
it
is integrally tied to specifüicj hardware
platforms.
the running conir'ácer
is one of the types for which th':
in';4enienttd.
This error should not appear un1ess
the
code has been
.
.
"S" corñman - 1>
jssúÚci.
correct
"L"'
or
Insufficient
Memory!
++
of' ara i laS le memory
base
has been
reduced
for the portion of 'roo which is relocated to high memory.
is the aát"!it ic'n of' Kt-c' icknt S\"stéjñ Lxtensions
cause' of" this
1Í"m
TE'!'{?}"É£:
.:i
"!"1'.1
1(.^ hú
¿p:
m"
bc'lcm" $Ü()(lF!.
t!_it'
top
++
The
*** Error
.-\;¡
/"iátt-'
¿'.ñci
1>á',u€·
a
t: tnje.
nrc!íÍD[
in Data Input
iñ\',ií .lC) ch¿zTacTt."T or nun:lj€"i' í\"á: '4 entt'reL.;
This c'rror Vfiií cáíj9A' t ht' Interactiu."
tíj re-e'ní'"'" l¿"·"Tl-U'. ("!¿"it€-/rí[!!: -:.
be wheel
to set clock!
¿i
An ,zl l C1bL?t
S.t'! tFiu
\'./í', m': l.
{,'"y,: .)í.jS2'
7Sl': )í:'i{:-' t i,";'C: :- i ,' c)}" 7.j": . "i" [(7 i,ct
{ g.¿'t:
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rlí¿1:
]'L3'"} }t
!"
:"
o
:
/ n
,,
.
to t"iC (Qn}}!lar""} }',c)>-°>c';.
***
***
Must
have
ZIBO
Processor!!!
***
Must
have
ZIBO
to
****
be
',i"hen
l)!'")clc'
!0\'."
that
needed
The
(KS?Á)
mos t common
whi': -:h CaL"¿.: -.r.'
tiu'im'
to be
ii"" :>C :
t'!7tLIt.'L"l
t
!Iz
Czfi"i
Must
i
121-
H/'í'
Set
: :\_)¿.'k
:z
'; Cj
No-Slot-Clock!!!
Can't find No-S7ot-C'iock!
"\',á)
r
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ZSC!-G?
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ZSDOS,: '
-
Utility
Contígu ration
iyurc' \"7iric)u: 'i paí"arnete 1"5 l'Í' ¿j :{>!'».'¿ " ('7r-r¿: t imJ!?[C": 'ElCti(3I?
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of cu i
iri tl!j>. manual due 1(") the'
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l
1\"
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of'
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and
parE'>
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the
filoS.
part icufar
L.SCt·G2
operates ir: e: t!u't_ a: i ini t'rac.í i\'é (ño\"i ce ) or comrrtand ! irte driven (eu: pert ) rrmde for ñiÁ"\, [r!i'-¡lj! f}E"ú.il")i .i it\" and ease of use.
vour coriipurer i t >
If
1\"
i"umíinc
ííP|-'.3.
t?;í' Z: í F.t!',._ir(.];"íRl¿'nt
is aurotnat ical
detected and ZSCFG2 \\ í l
i S_)u'a'>
tc':
enl7an: {-·
',"ÁiC'fj
and
ljÁt:
>uct as reverse video
citt r
cursor address ing
the ciisqüay.
i-ti-?
1St
i ',
!
Cfjñf
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rro,: í"('.l';l
a
i s
c'ii'
lnc]Uí"jcci
in all of our supporú
enter in.t' t ifé naruc f'ci
As
by
routines,
lowed
c(jní": p!u'"'1í
hiúá
O;'i
toc\i
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a
two
s
lashes
as
gIesg¡a?'.:
lx!ir
ami
is.
:
//
ZSCFG2
,". ' :
by
ic'Ñi
V tá {ul': '. it: m,-|í
Sríteraci i'jú i"i'(jn]: ")t ·-., m
;?-li)!"]i: }" t..LjTÑ izurat ion o"!'
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B/P
ZSCFG2
ZSDOS
...Configuring
Ver
2.Cl
Z3
Environment at
Path Address
Wheel
Byte at
ZCPR
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
T
A
C
M
Entry
to
-
Public Files
Pub/path Write Enable
Read-Onl
y vector
Fast Fixed Disk Log
Disk Change
Warning
Path w/o System
Attr
DOS Search Path
Wheel
Byte Protect
Time
Routine (Clock)
Stamp
Last Access Time
Stamp
Create Time
Stamp
Modify Time
("X" to EXIT)
Change
:
:
YES
:
NO
:
YES
:
YES
:
NO
:
YES
:
:
Enabled - Internal
Enabled Addr = FDFFH
:
F168H
:
Disablecl
:
EEB2H
:
EEBCH
BIOS
:
FEOOH
:
FDF4H
:
FDFFH
tjT!1!T'fN'
_
RL]lÍlí"!c'r
C!_l't'
T!"it' íyps oi' (":nL:I"(tt in: -" X.\": -Átjtll ami \"E-r\.jÜn
t'i i"! t '.ti z;"'l?: "\"t-. . f't . ! : .':"'
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of"
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se
the
íect
number
nuníóers
or !ei.tt-·r i'!
ít'ít:
ari':
í
Oñu
betwcen
arxi
t:it'
ñk'ñÍ-:
f'i"o!í: OFF [t) ON (")1" \"lC'C VéTSái,
opt jgj;'
is
of
Ti'
¿i2¿·ti¡í
sc"iécÉ
any
the other itetus. \"ou y, } j
\"Olj
cii',piayccj
sta: u.'i are
t'c/i"
clo
C.2
below
ieú
coñüíiñ: . a dtraí
'-¿j]
iníornúít icm.
more
aAtm
Section
¿j)
l
oí
opt ion"- .
dc'xcri pt j on
y
i ':
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.
:
¿".p{í
l
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(j .?.2.
2
ZSCl-G2 Comwanci
Linü
(l'.xpc
rt
2)€'
í€'íf
Mócic j Use.
ability
files.
[(")
dynaH2ic¿k: !y Su'
Coríiniand
line éñt1"\' fc)! Lxpc'rt Mode- ) provides the
ZCPR
7.M"ms options
Submit
A}ias
c,r
withnz STARTUP
from
This permits the operatinp system pararúeter: i,
the your console.
and restored
For
upon
applications.
coinpiet ion.
to be tal íored to specific
command
submit
example,
lowing sequence:
might feature the
a
or al las
scripts,
directly
files,
fol
Disable/Enáble ZSDOS features and set addresses
programs
. . .Process application
Restore ZSDOS f eatures and addresses and return
ZSl-()S in this
would be via a cal!
sequence
\'\"j
thin the script .
In
nient sí p¿ís'4ecí orí the' command l irie
' IlxjS
1\"
chany:
hare
cQrr!l)uter
c'ons:
attend
the
to
to
tanc
not
'Iai¡orin?
St-·t
t]n?q
130
of
:it"L'
!)asµ.U¿,
T()
ZSfj·t,
litS-,
2TC)UÍ)3
oÍ"
characters
with
to ZSCFt3
this fashion.
parameters.
senar¿2[ed
be
(jIlt'
arµuyou
or
dü
ríiorc
El/P
BIOS
ZSCFG2
UT!L1TIES
F.ach gzroup of characters
tabs. spaces or commas.
begins with a Command charbe
chanped.
In the case OÍ" the item
acter which identit les tm sc'ítinsz to
and
inie
ciare.
A "+" si{zn
related to t
is used.
a two-character
sequence
idenCommand
as a clock.
tifies the
or l'inic Stamp-related jf'unc[ion, and the fojío\'.ing Command character
tel is which parameter of the six is to be chan?ecj.
Command Ident i fiers for ZSÍK)5 are:
Fi le Support
- Public
Public/Path Write Enable
- Read-Only
Drive Sustain
P
W
R
-
- Disk ChangeDisk
\'\'arninp
Path without
SYStem Attribute
Search
Path
- Wheel F'.vtt" V\rite Protect
-
F
!
S
Hard
Fast
F'eloµ
ZSLX)S
>
*
C
-
-FA
+C
-
+M
-
locP
Stamp
Síanip
St arm
Rout ine Adth"és>>
Ac'ce>6 '} iriic'
Tiñit'
U"etñt"
." ? iÉjt-:
Mod
(
ii
Opt ionúi \\"tji ch are s iniipi "j ()rÍ,/: )!'7" tCj2f2 !é>: reaui
re no m"µtíment s. \"(.)u e;1: 2?)!?-· Ü)l-,.
'-"ol}t!í:
L!.cj"íÑr
h;t' emc'i_in>'
Íhta;!;:i j:"1erj{i!'2eüs.).
To ciisaMe such
opt io:::·.. \': 't¿"
sutiyiy appern! ¿a rriinu.. ".iµii
to the end of the Tdc'nt : iú: ". tO: " É.:"':¿it"l:::.',. . ,·,
cc)r!!nia!;-l linc €'ñIrj" tu ¿:c[!\"¿":,i€;":.
tlí- i-a"t !?elop' L:¿:{)¿ti}: l it\" luz" hard diµi-:
{l i":
Pl'ii} lC' tji 1- car'[i})i !
.
y \)é.. an':
:.iñc' tht' iji sk Chantr v: arni:":>" 'A'c)ú li! bt- :
i"-";
!
,. ":
it
ZSCFG2
'Lrti_Át"
F,
!-
:
t¿lí..:ti('!]:-:
")
pa: anií'icr:·, v,hich
me íí,¿n(';€·: I/'j ¿t µ,L-: r.:I:}:í - ",'.
i
I)e'
ú.i'"it t' nc" pioii"¿'!
:'o.Ut"ci
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tlit (" (: f::.LR;[g';::
R?íci-: !\"{.
:
Í.!!': t· c! I'L U'y Ih7 '.: .-' . l í't
í¿' :{.:.j".¿j l'lú: s:
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-".
l (j!ííii't -¿;"í' :
¢'"\(¿'ú
iatrii
Cl I '.' " L t r'e 'JJlC'é i K\"t(" 'Ys¡"ji¿"
"l'.""tt'L-: t'"' 1)(.' tiíj"
:
"\ "!-'tC
't'jjg...
¿-';í Lt
: '·-'1 :
:>sz!kc'
::",
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tht: }nt€'l";]: ¿! pat H tj;" ! xc-: int- ( !Cít-|,
.
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cüi.l' '-"l '- :
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t
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ir
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ZSCFG2
"}1)ü
niuút
!"c: l"liÚrtll"/í·"
arc rcrrzi
\ ¿j] id" error
i.
dr€'ss,eq
ch
tt-'/j
*Z,>I,CB
Y'cíct"d
thí,:
or
r)et\¡"L-£·n t he (.'om0"ta!1ci
'\í"i i i
!\" !)c" th'-'
penc'ra!
otñe'" delimiters
lspacem 1¿Ú'r ¿µ.;µ-] COTl!h,.'i" '
>3
An ' InIdent i fj er and aadeci arzumc'nt
.
..\\'Mn
resulr if' you forget ,
entering má: . (-iT'?Llll!€-ntA. they are always in Hexadecimal
(igi'j' X) '! 'Yí'i l!"',
JÍlC aj?orithrl"t used
7erog,.
the ntíwA: r ent'2: "(":_j
to interpret
to four ciigitu.
Therefore . i t you enter thc sc^quencí
he'
m"wjd
jnLc'["!>l_eí€-c¡ as 104M.
y'
nunji7t?!"µ\
apt iomi !eií-!in±
oñi\' retc: inu up
"0036C')2][)jí" . ir
The fol lowing sl'c'é jcjñ cíes-cribes
each
able to opt inii: 'c' it for \"ouj" .h\'s[er!i.
L).
2Z
7!íz'
"i
.
1'.'\)
7S'"l·'ü2
gy;';>
()jv
ion
",',}\j: ..']
opt ion
and
wh:ití
a]TernaíiI'eg
are
m_ai
i-
hescr"ipt ions.
['l': "!]
ii tai!c: [l"!!]c
of'
a
Zstm.s2
S\"S',t?!: i
u'
}"."'-'!"
S.í'í-Cif
131
í·,
B/P
ZSCFG2
ÍKS"TAL12
needs.
and
"both
BIOS
UT!L1TiES
"! 7íí ;j
ení t he same iríie r;"í..-! !\"ü di: - p Iuj .
"cñ2
1s
f' j \"
tnt-'
a;jríiical7]e to instal iaiicm a:: \4"t: f j as'
sect ion, thert'fore,
Each opt ion \'\"j ]] aisc·
cumomizaíion with ZSCFG2.
incluciü .specific aT"2u{: \e[l! :-i
for ( ommand Line ení j"'\'. Üi' the opt ion.
options will bu: covered Ill their order
of' appearance
in the 1NbiAi.l2 and zscrciz interact ive menus.
6. 22.
public
3. j
ZUC'T'G.
pres:
Files.
:
interact i\"é Prünípt
(tüµgK)
Ccmirúanci
i- inc' Character:
iinabi e - P
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DateÁtamF'.
ttN.'
ieaíurw. ¿-u? al zccnhm 'ví'hich 'Á"i l i aítenígt to t ind one c/i" Sti·'\ er,zi t \"í"- :""· ""
!c!!" e: íclí I'! it'.
yíar!j|'.·.
The' cieíauit
hate/iÍn,c
conditions
tel! Zú-!.} fo 11?>7
at[e[Íi!"t to locate i)au-'>)[anlper
tMít
type of Stamp";.
If
fails, a sc'a: "cíÍ 1'· F}¿"j.)l'
for }Jc)qL}iyk >Iá!27': -. ÜÜlt: 3!j-p/'P' -lmú, cii:4.s, and finally to check. ÍCil" 1'J!>"N ty'cTM T q|'t ion causes rhe batestamper checks
st amp- .
to be |j\"pas'¡e[.": . U?t:!"t->g
s!'eL"'!: !"jµ 1"e's!".)"l.S4
if' i)at€'b[anj!'t't_
trpe stamping is never used.
i
4
1
Wp
ZXD
All
6.23.2.8
The
BIOS?
LWer" Areas.
dlstrl3'jtjor)
'."t!'SlOü
iQ.?ge(i or
sinpie tjSéf area. eítfmr
will only search
The
the expiicitiy stated area, tor fi les.
opt icm
CiÉ
:'j.\:!)
a
the cwrrently
will locate files in all user areas on the disk. Combining
options will list all tiles in al! user areas. both systeRI
Thi s option
is disabled and not aval table in a
a disk.
been
has:
ticñ
\üíeei access
granted (:*'heei byte is Off'l .
Wide
6.23.2.9
UTlLITÍE3
U
U
the
\i"itti the AA
anti non-svxtem, (jñ
ZCPP3 system
where
Display.
This may be' Te\'erbed
the "Last Modified" Date/"i inie ,xtaníp.
ion
Command
ope
l-inc. u'hich generates a Wide Qt" xI !
to the
hCí±r
on!'." !)ateµtan!f'c'7
prcn'isicms for ali three stamp cate,t'uP"Ü)o.g
\ijii !1· Üh- j. inµ it-' ;i;'-.,'i" j"!ésn
contain: -, (k!'\" Created and Modified staiüp>.
'
Tk),s
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L'o-4.'.i
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íhrouµ!z
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Z)iD only displays
m" appendinz tñÉ
arai!atAe Stamps,.
W
i
Filename.Typ
BU16
.COm
COPY
.CCM
ZPATH
ZXD
.COM
.COM
Last
17: 26-06/12/88
15: 06-09/17/88
07: 50-09/17/88
08: 00-09/17/88
8k
8k
4k
8k
08:
42-08/21/88
15:
02-09/17/88
" ·"
7
st:
íl '·.
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.: :"
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l
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Modified
Access
26-06/12/88
06-09/17/88
50-09/17/88
Ó1-C9/17/88
17:
15:
07:
08:
ZXLL
C.ustorr.lziríñ
6.23.3
Created
Size
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Z.
version r!"o\"iL!considered Ck final wort"..
and please ie'sacrificint",
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phase.
curren: !\ iri a cleve ioprnenta!
and should riot
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pack.azcback
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2
Version
LSDOS
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2
Version
is a
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4.
idae ton Qt" ?CPk34 and many of' the' K( i' t"eaturez,
cc\rlÍRi: )n
}j}
u.sc'.
hr the need to bank as much of the coníníand Processor as pcjss,iyou way nct neeci much of, or
bl e . When Z40 is used in a Ful Iv-banked system,
Z4Cl
any Resident Command Processor wi th your system.
reíys on ZSDOSZ and
NOT work without
since the Command Line Parser and disk f ree space calculations have been retucn"ecl in favor of' ZSDOSZ services.
Addit lona ! 1\", the' pron}r'E
}
if" he 7SL)(-)S2
i inc displays
clock.
i:',
the time-' and \'\'ij
oñi\' function correctly
hovt"
these neis" S\'steni corííponent.s work wcnj id be appreciatenabled. ("onírrtents on
7.4().ZRL
consol
jr
will
it
ecl
.
complete documenuítion is rro\"iclL-d
in the-' Z40.HLP t líes incluáüc! "n íth t!ít
anti a
dis'triMñicm. ciiskE¿íL?R.
of act ive functions is a\'ai]?t;e
í\iíij the' H
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:
command at t)"w pro!íí;'[ "o re,'id tM on-: ine helj"' i Aes. use Hi:t.FúCOj! ara! !ah!e
More
t \"i"
14-4
cio"\','ñ
l cjFtCj i ti;-'
t" l"OiX
any
2
-XQcit'
.
B/P
GL.C!SS4RY
EllOS
Programs.
ication
In cont ríist to utility programs lstti :
m"
arc
larger rro"'1"aE[~ "jüc» a" \'"o"'"j p7"ücc'
or applications
\1!Úl
t!"jc uú.t"i".
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whi
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p: "c)?ra7¡]
controls
,
ant! the níach iñe-dt-pendent haI"{É\\'¿ír<-programs
cir l\"c-' s . clc)cks. et c .
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i45
.'-
B,'P
GLOSSARY
Cié\"f-- lopeí!
DateStamper.
packaµc'
,\ s(")Í"[iq'a3e
Of'
"!"ht-'
and date sta!rlr'iil,L'
tííne
fjjgg:
ftotjt
le LDLlS.(X)!4l tc\ iIÍ'¡r!errÍert[
i)¿itesía!!"lt"e1".
the
!)a[estanÍp€^r
stamping rrie[hÜ(: j.
ports
fi
.
this
is unique
nlair][a!ns.
first,
it
fur create. access,
microcompurers for two reasons:
f 'i le: second, it rüaintains startíps
file.
each
Joo! .
Dynam ic Debugµ'im
cl isas.semblc.
o!" al tc'!"
á\".
hexade c i nía i va l ue s: .
DDT.
bisk (.'per¿A.tin?
tcj the a?,zregatÚ
COS.
refer:
LX)sr)i
SÉ'..
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GLOSSARY
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Trans lent !"'rograiti Area.
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aval fable adctres'i
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that the Conimand Processor is overwritten). or the base of" the lowest ías: e.
TPA.
Uti I ity Programs.
programs
in contrast to application
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such
directory
as
shürter
or utilities are
proµrams,
proprmis, which accept a
single conírnand front the user.
Wheel
Byte.
"big Wheel." the Wheel bytu
Taking its name Írcuü the colloquial
When the byte is set to a non-zerc'
controls securi U' under ZCPR and ZSiX)S.
value. the user has "Wheel status" and may execute commands unava i lahit '. :-\
other users.
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number
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Z-System.
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14
.'
Bibliography
B/P
E'f(")S
nianu,"i]
rel'ert'ncc" to ZN) asse'nbi y janL"Íj¿: gL .
is no'- iñtt: ñQÚc as, ¿i cotúp!ete
Since
o!" ZCl'íz cy"í'rating qy.3{elTis,.
niany bocN": have hc'en
orí them.'
topi c-s we inc' !ucit^ iierú oí': !y those' \\"é havt-' found rnosrt us.út \j} . The sou Icé". i "1
t'acjí
in order of'
cateporr are
Thi
s
C"'!"'/P:
.
written
listed
1.
Information
difficulty.
CP/M
on
Sou! Qt CP/Y: _ How to Use the Hídder'Povrer
Waite, Mitchel! and I'ohert I-afore.
We j i
oÍ' \o,ur ü,j/M Sy,st,wn.
lndianapoli s: Howard M sams &· Co. . l'jS3.
CP/3'2
and design of
and thc
written basic introduction
to the principles
language.
examples
and severa i
Many programmiñfz,
use of S'ü: '/) assembly
useful appendices included.
Illustrated, appendices, index". 391 pi).
tserkL'!e\":
()Sljr)rnC'/
rci . Áñci\".
The Proszranimer 's CP/M Handbook.
Mc?rav\'-F[i ] ! . US3.
!liFhly detiií lt: cl, complete de.scripticm ct the strm'Inst ruct iüm on patchiñ?, desigr'imí'tviü":
tute' O! Cf'/'\i ft'!" I")r(j,gl".a[ltn]¿'l"s,.
art
( onq'l tne"
c: ·:ariipi c tí!(±i sotjrcú inc
debu;zszing
a
l'íé\í ('}',/"\l s"ybtÚl¡t.
.
1 i jL'qt!"í"iTe(j.
arT'<: n(ílct'" . !l]¿jt': \:. sc'! p!'.
john3(jn-l-ai
l)j>"il¿?}
t;i',"y
kL'.sé-'¿t1"L'!"l.
i'if'iG,;
L'"ea!c'!!.
d'£\"¿'![)!í)L'r:
tc-1\
al
tnis
,
ready
rr'
2.
Lpó
I
Yo¶1e
cU
airm
.
a b;.t-!C'[¿"t:
Assembl
y
'!"/;'j.
in
t3xan}nlt-
' |u{"jÚ>.
fítt)$-.
ljipi
"i
ior
L-amuage
(()¡"I"u): '¿it imí.
Xl). UK Cí$>.
ÁFNü"Icá.
.
bOuk
ings
,
nía
':
(. al i!'o: "ñ im
ya!]lla|. .
Pací! ic Grove,
ck)currier?tation
by
tal l·?e4earcl}.
auchcri tat i\"c', anti technica i ! \" i' . :7 -th(_)q( "Yi1"éc)
as a Tt'Í"erénc'e
guide
"t1
oí' the' orí
n:
'"p/)·j Í"ft l l l
ccn"éTá2ú
i
!lu: -.t rated. appendicer. íntie" . L9'J
·
F$(:)C|:k
Zakñ
(
'·
¡-'j"ü;'
,\1()g"!'!'-k
mien
í}T'c').gI"íznl¡l'!j'2?
!>UiC'j:
j '-:: .Z
i'/úC.
i:
sn-iidt
t,,ícÁ
c: nci
t1e'3
-.
i,rí'µ"
3ysnc!'l
()i"I.2!n¿i1
.
(-one 1"a? anc!
in !\" (")" um..'
( 1}t¿'7"¿'iL
í1:
i",üi,!!,
{.'Ol'i"'.
íletai itui
'ría!1l-: ¿"¿ i
i'-'
.
dt'>c:
"
.
riDt
i--'ur)!!c¿[[i(7I_i
assertib iy lan9ua2e
4
OÍ eu·ich ()ri": .)(!é.. .
: :f_ic,TQc"()t}lljllte[".
tor
;z: m
The
"F$-i b
le" of
ions
arid
exanípie-r
iÉi)í)jlS()
ti-fO t Elíszh
Mtestj"ation
lcí'iti()[?
#[.1' . úitachi
Ltci
Arhe1"íca.
!\"O
prLjg1"¿íníi|:
t)4¡hU.
Ln,g exan]Ijl€'µ.
l.i l.
Puhi
í'Oi" Ü)€·
o!'
: 7í
ZSÚ
CMÜS
. .
but
}|]c}"op}"'-jcegA: ':" Míti:
'Íñt? TzÑ é."-I(": :]C".'
:' .
l 'A":
very dc'tailt"d
all lnrtruc[iQn"...
SYF.ILÑ.
Iterk: eiev:
ttíc· zm,
Rodnar.
Pr(j2.I"í±l]it!!in2
Righlv
inc. ,
cietí- i
inforníat ion about every aspect of the ZSÜ jüicroprocessc/r and
Covered
íanguagt".
concepts. ZZM)
zm asseDÍtgi\'
are basi c prograniniing
and
programníing.
addressing.
l/O tecñríiques.
ha rchiart
organ izat ion.
and over 2Ó(J
exalI}pIe.b
of inf'ormat ion
Programming
pages
included.
are
ZSO
appeninstruction
set
are devoted to the
624
pp.
dices. index.
l'jtjn
ltd
itself.
148
-.:
ii: -
Illustrated.
B/P
nformation
l
3.
Eñ5liography
BIOS
MoT?en.
Bruce
Z-System
on
ZCPR,
ZSDOS,
the
and
Z-System
and
L:
The Z-Svstent
Jar Saszc- .
ser
tor the less technical user.
The
s
Accessories
Gu_idc;.
An
introduct
ic-'n
to
3.3 User's Guide. Manual for ZCPR version 3.3, includirie
many examples of how the features
of Z-System can be put to work.
Extended
command processing and security
features are highiiµhted.
Sasze,
jav.
Conn.
ZCPR3: The M.a.nua_l_.
19SS.
'ñícNew York: New York Zoetrope.
Richard.
Much inforníat ion
"bible" of ZCPR3, written by ZCPR's origina!
author.
is now out of daté-". but still very useful.
Illustrated. index, 351 pp.
Conn
R
,
ZCPR
Manual
i cha rd . zcpr3: _ jFhí- Librarieq
for the SYSL!8.
I it.-a"aries.
ZCPR
assenií'ly Ianguagt"
which al Ic)\'\" adranced
creutt' thc i]' o'.'.: z 7-System
program.
Mitchcll. Bi"iíiger.
i__i
µ'rouncÍejr
.
anti othc'rs:
!"'lu'"Perft'ct Syxtt:
[c'cr,7]iciueb
aíí\¿in¿'c(]
ant!
níany
st¿incl¿il'"¢:
!3íri'
Kc)'.'.
:
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l'
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149
Bios
Numt?er
Reference
Function
Fcn
Name
Input Parameters
Returned Values
None
None
A=FFH
A=0OH
A=Char
(masked
None
O
CBCOT
1
WBCC'T
2
CONST
Neme
None
None
3
CONIN
None
4
CONOUT
5
LIST
6
AUXOUT
7
AU)CN
8
HCNE
Appendix
C=Char
to send
(masked
per IC'FG)
C=Char
to send
(masked
per ICFG)
C=Char
tc Send
(masked
per ICFG)
None
9
SELDSK
None
C=F'rive
1C'
11
SETTRL
SETSE'3
8G=Track
Nutnbe'"
BC=Sec.tc)!" Number
1Z
SETEMÁ,
E3C=394A
13
READ
14
W2!TZ
None
Type
C=w'"ite
(Cj=L'na' io.: :áteíj,
(O=A..15=P)
LISTST
i\tjj-€
1 S
SU.TF?X
£<>Lo¢ñcaí
<<<
End
ot
C'L'Y
AZ'
1 7
CCNC'ST
Noí""r,
1"
A'J>JST
Ñoñ£
19
AUXSST
None
2Cl
DEVTCL
DEVINI
DRVTBL
k: me
None
None
21
22
Secto:"
Vectcús
1=LY
e
',
2,g,
SFTEl?¿p:
150
,
AF
AF
per
AF
None
AF
None
AF
A=Char
t rom AUX:
(masked
per ICFG)
>
<
Code
Status
HL=Disk
Param Hci: " Adcir
No Drive
HL=O
None
Neme
None
<
Statm Cckje >
<
Status CoGe >
AF
All
Ail
Regs
ReS3
None
Ñ3!\é
None
/'.1? Pegs
Ali Regs-
Force Write)
rectory,
PTR ReacN
A=FF\
PTR ÑCft Ready
A=O0H
Fh_=Physica1
Sector #
DE=Trans?ation Tbl Addi"
AT
COK:
Reaay
CON: Busy
A=0CH
AUXin Ready
A=0FFH
N(? Char
A=0QH
Ready
A=QFM
AUXout
E3us'v
AUXout
A=0OH
HL--> Char IQ Table
None
Ok
HL--> DPH Table
No Orv)
(O entries
Al'
it
it
Ail
F:eC£·
>>>
if
if
if
if
if
if
A=C)FFH
tot" MULTIO>
None
Addr
HL=Source
Addr
OE=3est
8C=Length
to move
CM(Read.),
C=1(Set)
0"--> lS-byte Time
A=8anl<
A=6ani
Regs
Regs
ICFG)
:
for
23
24
25
All
All
if
Acdress
15
---------
Uses
if Ready
No Char
if rom
CON:
f
1
Number
Numt"e l"
<
Status
Code
if
>
AF
HL
All
Reccs
All
Regs
Regs
HL
All
None
A=1
A7
if
E=Orig
D=1/1Oth
None
None
Ok,
6th
if
buffer
A=C)
Secs
Errs
byte
All
(Reaci)
\'oríe
Nct)e
Regs
Appendix
29
----3Cl
Bios
1
XMOVE
<<< Encl
RETBIO
of
C.=Source
Bank #
8=Dest
Bank #
C9/M 3 "Type"
Vector3
None
Function
Reference
None
Notz.e
>>>
A,BC,DE,HL
A=8ios Version #
Bios jump Table
Config Data Area
HL--> Device Config Table
for Direct Device IQ -->
BC-->
DE-->
31
DIFEUCJ
<--
details
See
below
8=Driver Type
C=Function #
32
33
34
35
STFARC'
3.C
9RGFT',-/
37
FRPL'TÉ
:>
6'F'
FRJP
FRCt-R
7R(37TE3
FqR!jT\','
RITME"!
====
': '
STMCCT
A=8ank
Number
HL=Dest
Address
HL=Return
Aciciress
HL--> Byte to Get
C=Banl': Number
:-1L--->
Word tfj Get
C=8arjt
NuirLei"
Hl--> Byte Dest
C=3ani-: NurrfF)er
A=8yte
to Put
HL
> Wor¿
Ijeí.t
C=Bank Number
1E=Wot-d to Put
None
FLOPP't
A=C'
DISK
(FUnct7o?2
to
(C.:HL))
Barík
Number
31
)
a.""
áá
--------------------='
None
AP
CFPh'
C=':
8"1
1
"t"" ""
(F]CPF': y .l
{Ncrrr,a1
Speed : '
QF7H fHi capable}
C'=C'
cm
{McEor
Cant )
ÓFFE (Motor Contr)
e=c: (Hard), 1 (8")
None
AF'
Neme
/\"
(5.25"), 3 (3.5")
C=1
(Subfcn #)
8=1 (Floppy)
A=Unit (80,1)
None
A"
None
None
AF
AF
A='F
Z
2
3
STHDR','
STSECT
Head (D2)
C=2 (Subfcn #)
B=l (Floppy)
A=Phys Track #
0=0 (128 Sctrs..
3=1024
Sctrs)
E=Last
Sector #
C=3 (Subfcn #)
8=1 {Fiop?y)
151
·
Bios
4
Reference
Function
SPEC
5
RECAL
6
SEEK
7
SREAD
8
SWRITC
9
READIF'
A=Step
rate in
(87=1
for 8"
D=Head Unload
E=Head Load in
C=4 (Subfcn #)
8=1 (Floppy)
C=5 (Subfcn #)
8=1 (Floppy)
None
Ft/TTR}¿
Bu
(F1op3y)
C=1'¿)
(SijttC.'j #]
'F;opr'y)
hL--
AF
Orv)
in mS
mS
cu (Subfcü #]
EETDS.T
1
<
Status
Code
>
AF
<
Status
Code
>
AF
<
Status
Code
>
,ü.f, HI
<
Status
Code
>
Al'
<
Status
Code
>
AF
,i-: :_
(F1OP?: '";
É3--É
1 1
mS
A=0esired Trk #
D=0FFH Verify,
E=C'
(Single-step)
<>0 (Double-step)
C-=5
(Subfcn #)
8=1 (F1op>')
HL--> Eead Eluffeu
C=7 (Sucfcn #.)
8=1 (Floppy)'
HL--> \','rite Butte: "
C""'9
(Subfc.n
¥\
£3=1
j¿;t
Appendix
Fc.rruat
>
A=Status Byte
E3C--Ccntro11er
AF,
,E!-
Type
HL--> Status Byte
<
Status Code >
Data
SC
Ali
F{eg3
"S/Trit
F--Gar 3 évte Cnu: "t
C=11 (St'7tu"' ?]
e=i
("lcjF!9j '
D=¡-..GT:
liÁEC"
------'':p
HDVA'_S
r': »'
iFunct ion
byte DuÍÍ
S.jt'tcñ E ,)
512
CQ£--->
C=C'
S'JBF"{j{\¿CTlOt¢S
(,
1F!ará'
A=Deváce
Byte
# :'
C.=l ',Subfcn
8=2 (karC)
DE-->
Ccnnd Desc
A=#
Bytes
31
in
}
-----""-----------
CDC
- --"--
----
E" ,j--|j
E3=1'
1
H1)SLC'T
2
DOSCSí
A=C'
C=?
Ej=Z
Status
1
:jZ'
Cede:
A
=
A
C',
<> g,
A=Phyñca1
É31Y.
tÑj Write r)ata:
fSubfcn # : '
(Hard)
'
Zero Set (Z)
Zero Clear (NZ)
if
H=Message
Device EN
Byte
L=Status Byte
A=Masked
Status Byte
F.,P
Al
}
Regé'
Operation successfully
performed
occureí
in
Operation
Errors
if
-- -
Appendix
Number
Function
Va1,ues
E3OCít
Mne
None
i
2
3
4
Console
Console
Reader
Punch
None
E=Characte
None
A=Character
Input
Output
Input
Output
List Output
I/O
Direct Console
6
7
Get
Set
8
9
I/C' Byte
I,/Ci Byte
Print
String
1 C'
Rea.í
"O!2¿.3]€
i1
GfCt
1
Returned
Input Parameters
name
Reference
Function
O
5
:'
1 2
Ccms.:
jié
l3uVer
Stutín
Get Ver£iolz Nljflet
Reset
Ris! System
Select
i c
1íj
i /
1£
' C
O?el";
2'3
Se: Ae!"ti?.'
'\',';_
ie Se?L!e:
PtáU: Fa fñ'
gze7aí":
E
F"?e
?±r Lc.cum v'ectc""
GÉt C.:'"t"er:.t Dis'
sÉt 3MA Á: ZCre3:.s
Get AÉjDC.
Aci·dre2±
Wíute
Prúñect I'im·
Get RIC' Vector
Set
Attributes
Get D'ú3 Addres.s
Set/Get User Code
Z
":
Dose Fúle
Í)é'EtE
'iifZ
ReaF
fc: "'
U/"éí
tue:
N
'i7al
'
6
:" -:
üf
2tl
2"
22
2é
3C/
31
32
3F
34
35
36
?j
32
39
4C)
1-l¿
A=0OH
A=0OH
A=1nput
Character
A=Conso7e
Status"
A=1nput
Character
A=O0H
A=I,/O Byte (OOG3H)
E=0C)H. .OFCH (Out)
None
E=T/O Byte
DE=Address
Strinc
DE=Adciress
Butfer
None
A=0C)H
A=OOÉ
A=0GH
A='jC'H = N3 cñarac-te"
Ell"ese72t
A=O1H = Cheu_.
A=Vereion Number (22:
A=C)0H
No
or, A
A=FFA
on A
A=íj0ri No
A=FFF' $: * ,*' 7i le
i'
File
Read Random
Wri te Randorn
Compute
File Size
Set Random Record
Reset
Mult Drive
Not Imp 7emented
Get ti>: e¿ clisé: vector
Oftf
\'""i te rá'~im'
Not Imp iemented
fj II
A=C'
A=D' !-e¿t£: r"y CcÚe'
A--DJ
rectc': "y Coc9
/'.=-t'i u'ctar y Code'
a=éf!"ot Cocie
A=Reac!./\",""i tÉ C:o:ic
A=ReeA,'\t'rtte
Cckje
Cc·de'
A=tn t""ectccy
A=Erro: " C'c.: iaHL"aLoaqr) VéftÍj"
~'
D'si-.
A=Curí"erú
A=oc"-i
HL=Addt_ Al Íoc Vector"
FCB
FC'?i
fce:
cr?
FCB
3E=Pdd!"e££
5'E=A.ddress
ljE=Adcj: "esc
Nor'e
of
of
of
FC9
FCB
FCC
Neme
ÁcÉrés3
!·¿onE
None
None
DE=Address
FCB
None
E=FFH (Get )
E=Use: " Number (Set
DE=Address
of FCB
DE=Address
of FCB
DE=Address
of FCB
DE=Address
of FCE3
DE=Nask
None
DE=Adá"
of
FCE
rectory
CCjJ,?
fq3
FCF.
?E=Ájdresí
DE=DM.'.
')
g
$'.*
$'." CIé
Nurnbe"
DE=Ád{jl"es£
of
t:
Eé=Address
·f
['F-Ad¢ire3£
of
GE=r-,jlZ!"-e£E of
E'r=Ad'd!"eE.E cjf
u e
fcj'"
A=Character
E=Character
E=Character
E=0FFH (In)
E=0FEH (In)
E=0FDH (In)
E"Disl',
IÁ£-Í-.
Sem"ck
Search
A=OOH
r
None
None
1 Lj
F1
4
ZSDO32
2
A=ÜCH
HL=R/O
Vector
A=Error
)
Code
HL=Address
of DP6
A=Use !" Numb<
A=0C'P
A=Read/Wri
te Code
A=Read/Wri
te Code
A=Error Code
A=0OH
A=O0É
HL=Fixec
rÍ7sk Vectca
A=Read/\','r"i te Code
153
45
Set
Return
47
Get
Get
49
5ü-97
Free
DMA
9é
99
Get
Set
1 CU
Get
Set
Get
1 '31
ICC
iC: i
Se'
Appendix
E=FFE
E=FEH
E=O1H
E='jÜH
S3ace
(Get)
(GÉt
E=0isk
ZSCÍJS)
CP/M)
Number
None
None
Address
Imp7emented
None
time
DE=Adciress
DE=Address
ENV
tire
tiags
None
f1ía'qz.
DEj=F1
file
starnp
fúe
staTlF\
1'34-1E·1
Not
5?
F'arí,e
1
3E=AzjCZ"
ayi
DE='"C£
cjt
A=O0H
A=Error
Code
Space
in DMA+0. .DMA"3
DMA
HL=Current
Address
HdjOS type: "S"=ZSEC'S
"D"=ZD1XJS
L=BCD Version Number
HL=Env.
Descri ptor Add:
FCb
A.d.¿re£3,
Suiu? in
Implemented
"2ieSFfe':
A=QOH
Put Time
Time
to
OÍ
DYA
A=Time/0ate
A=Time/0ate
Ccjcié
Code
PL=F1 ags
None
A=1"fw'e/3ate
Stág,g
A=7ime/Date
Cod;
in
Di
Not
rectory
Code
Acit!ress,
£: .'-'jí":g zn ['yl
4=h
ÁjL:
"":
E zt? i" ": z
Of Ck'"
ch:
":
PCEi-'-15='?a'"e.t: t;i.Gl"F}j zj' Fr: ""c'7_'\:¶..'
DF=FCE.
fF€'"
"'.
CYt
c)F"=-/: .:"j:¿"
Error
At-: )'? ),
A=í"Fí-
Codes:
Time/Oate
Read/Wri
Codes:
te
fjz{"n"¿
ir
7tC:
E:
ii:
t
:vc
eu":
A=C9H
A=í)ih
t
No
error
A=CI4H
A=05H
A=Ü6!R
Error
codes
C': Fi
: ':i-:,
E t"f"Cú""
'\=
Codes:
'3Éi,,
T f
A=QZH
A=C)32
Extended
it
No Crr¢-.!"
roi"
:v
A=tFñ-:
7Í
érrc,i"
A=0l"H-i
7"
errc""
=> Emi oÍ File
Write =>Iñrectory Full
Dis?: Full
Close Error in Random Record Read/write
Read Empty Record
during Random Record Reaci
Directory FuV during Random Record Write
Record
too big during Random Record Read/Write
Fead
in Return Error Mode:
Extended
Error Fla'q
A=0FFH
H=02>·!
OiÉü.
"Eaci
H=á7'
\':'i"
H=C)1P-í
H=í?4H
1 cj.Fj
irrt
lmp7emented
Codem
i/'C' Er: "o'_
On )y
Üi sR
,
E3ufÍer'
DNA
E3ui-tE-"-
t
153-?51
2
A=0OH
A=cüu
Err/Oisp.)
(Set
(Set
address
&
version
DOS
Return
mt
rrode
eñrcá"
46
413
Reference
Function
ZSDC)S2
(8ac
Sector
te ProtecreC Fi7e
Envelici Orjvé (Select)
:'
.
"
Appendix
2ñcf
Dztespec
3
File
Stamp
Formats
E3Cí.'
starrp anci tune formats used by ZSDOS
are Eased on pac'.pert
Cc)n)q: a':(-:
E.
Modeñ Ute
Ñ'7é
.2
AL
-
Utility
si=r
-
-
Utility
Utility
-
-
ñty
UriiiÍ)'
-
-
- Partitiori
Utility
Utility
-
lity
-
-
97
9¿!
.
98
98
1OGj
. .
..
. . . .
..
.
... ..
. .
..
1QCi
1(r
1C4
104
ICU
1Cl5
L'ti7ity
-
9E
1CiC.
1(jC"j
j¿7{)
1G2
ICC:
1 : 1
1 :
^
L
'S
1 1 Lj
7 1 5
1
i
i
1 C.
e,
1 1 7
"
17
" t t,,
11?
11?
11£'
iZü
122)
1 21
123
lZt
123
124
13í
12E
126
125
127
1 :?7
1 2?
: 2'"
1 33
Option DescriDÉic??¶.
Ermr Me3sagE£
File ZXT'Lister Utility
-Using
6.23.2 ZXD Cpticns
6. 23 .3
Customizing U")
ZS1X)S
Version 2
ZCPR Versicri 4
6. 2:Z .3
6 .23 .4
ZX3
6. 23
6. 23.1
7.
ÉL
1
for
ZSFQSZ
Glossary
Bib1iograp'by
1
lot": Reference
- Bios Unct
Appendix 2 - ZSDOS Function Reference
Appendzx
3
Fcitespec
arid File Stamp Formats
Index
Annotatecj
Appendix
Notes
?'
1 313
139
139
1 3?
1 42
143
144
145
142
1 5£'
1
1
1
53
55
"C
1 se'
B/P
1.0
INTRODUCTION
BIOS
I
ntroduction.
effort
and Portable
is an
(B/P) Basic I/O System (BIOS)
to stanon Microcomputers
many of the logical
to physical mapping mechanisms
Z-Systems
of such systems.
with ZSDOS.
In expanding the
became
do not contain
the
apparent that standard BlOSes
standardizat ion in extended BIOS
necessary, adequate
nor an internal
B,/P
structure
support external determinat ion of system parameters.
to
Bios provides a method of achievin,sz
these goals, while also possessing the
systems
with a much smaller
to operate on a wide range of hardware
level of systenís programming
than previously required.
The
Banked
dardize
running
capabilities
it
functionality
calls,
fully
flexibility
1.1
About This
Manual.
Docurrtentatic:
n on B/P Rios consists
the distribution disk in the file
fol lov.'inszL— sect ion: s:
o
The
c)
Tailoring
t\
this
latest adder,dam
is di\"icled inim
on
the
the sig.nificarít
fcmui"u of 13/1"
Features of B/P Bios suníníai"izes
!3ios
and the tÍé\\ litni tations
in genuiúd . highi ightinµ advantages
the"
:3ys t Cl7i
.
írí
B/P Bios con'.ainx dctai Is
µ"ertei"att('
manual
oí
plus the
README.2ND.
This manual
¿i
tortí)ze'd
c:t!:-
.N"L
file
a B/P Bios Aeiai!s
t!iz
L"/"/)¿"/X¿," 'incl /J,ii": ;:¿'(/ uv"if igur'n
Installing
on alt¿"rin?
tail(/rL'c: to
the
yo',n"
inxta!lation of
io: w in
a "how
Hi¿ín: \"
c;'ticm>,
tú
.sysiL-!;.
E/F' Bierfas!1!¿)"}.
i:í
}).-}[: j
to"
Programming
B/P Bios describes the intei"faccm data ±-[i'Líí.'tC¡"c'
11deci
anc! recQBlu!L:
!)!"¿)g!"anlnijrLg pract ices to insure"
the n|a\i[|: u:!l
Lt'ñú:
anti r)crfi)rniancf-:
front systems
with B/P Bioíi.
for
f'it
t)
The
B/P Bios
imt
icm
GÍ
Utilities
al
u
Appendices : ',Mch
c)
a
í)
An
thomFor
system
up
glossary
index
l
xcriMs the
supj'l led
sul}í[llaI"izt.'
dcfininµ
Qt' key
cit:
niany
wqiÜS
and
LÉ/'Í'
Ftio>
w:i"iQüs
technical
phrases
p'drpQse.
i-:
tilitiÚf-]
technical
terms
used
used
in this
operation.
anc1
support
anci cu'kt()!:
r{.)utirlL'y
.
iriformat ion.
in
this
Manual
Manual.
.
interested
in the technical details. or who want to bring th'-'
\Áitfí a pre-configurec! version as quickly as possible,
Section 4.
Installing a B/P Bios. \-\"jj} lead you through the installation steps needed to
perform the fina! tai]Q1"inF to your specific
Other chapterx CO\"L'l'
computer.
details of the individual
software modules comprising the B/P Bios, and spc-cifics on the utilities provided to ease you use of this product.
nen
.
1
B/P
INTRODUCTION
Notational
1.2
BIOS
Conventions
Various shorthand terms and notat ions are used throughout
are listed in the Glossary at the end of this manual.
Though
summariz
the symbols
ing program
glance how to enter
this
cryptic at first, they are a consistent
Once you
learn to read them you
syntax.
even the most complicated conwíands.
seem
manual
.
Terns
briefly
tell at a
of
way
can
By convenSeveral special symbols are used in program
syntax descript ions.
command
You
indicate
optional
line
items.
square
may or
brackets
(Ül
tion,
items shown between
brackets in your command, but if you do
may not include
not, programs usually substitute a default value of their oven.
If items
between
brackets are used in a command, all other items between
the brackets
must also be used,
unless these items are themselves bracketed.
All of the support utilities deueloped to support the B/P Bios systeui contain
built-in help screens which use the above conventions to display helpful
syntax
slashes
sunímaries.
l//l.
So
Help is always
for exaníple.
ZXD
irn"okes
help for
utilit
programs
the
giuen
afte-í"
manci
by
following
the
command
with
two
//
ZNJ. the
BPC\FG3 also
ZSDOS
such as
progranis
as a session progrEs.%e$.
Many
invoked
Interactive
directory program
contain more detai itul help messages which
extended
ZSLK_)í;
appí'ai"
les may be inroked froní the command line with options uhi ch corjÚnar}¿}
By convent
ion. opt ions arc
to be'have irt slightly different ways.
P
example,
For
conltÍianc}
option
in the COinthe
otht: i'
parameters.
ZXD
*n
P
directory utility to }ist all íiles l*.*) and send it: s output
For conrenience.
(/1 can often
a single' slash character
to the printer (P).
the' cormnand
be used
of
the
of
that
leading
in place
parameters to signify
rest
command
Therefore.
the
consists
of
option
characters.
line
causes
the
ZX!)
ZXD
iÁ
identical
1.3
What
in
is
B/P
níeaninsz
-
Ip
to the previous
example
(see
6.23 for
more
on
ZXD).
Bios?
Bios is a set of software subroutines which directly control the chips and
and present a standard software
interface
in your computer
to
other hardware
ZSDOS/ZDDOS,
ZRDOS,
such
Echelon's
Systeru
as
the Operatinp
or even Digital
our
These
routines comply with the CP/M 2.2 standards for a
Research's CP/M 2.2.
(BIOS)
ID
Svsteni
extensions; some based on CP/\Í 3.: t (aka CP/Y
níam'
with
Basic
.
B/P
2
B/P
INTRODUCTION
BIOS
others deve!opeci
to provide necessary capabilities of modern softcoded,
the modules comprising a B/P Bios perform with ail
properly
ware .
and most apj"Aithe standard suppc'rt utiíitie>. nearly all Z-System
utilities.
cat ion programs
without alterat ion.
PJu5).
The
and
When
ability to operate
Banked.
Non-banked
and
Boot
System
number
of
a
Program
Area
with a single suite of sof tware. across
chines, plus the maximization of Transient
in banked systems
grams
are features which are offered
which we are aware.
1.3
The
History
B/P
of
versions
different
of the Bios
hardware
nía-
for application
proby no other system
of
Bios.
ear j ier work deve loping ZSlxjS convinced us that we needed to attack tht-'
and develop sorue stanmachine-dependent software in Z80-compat ible computers
dard
enhancements
in order to exercise the full potent la! of our machines.
preI!ii.bL'
This
is e\-er] tj1o}-c· true today with large Hard Disks (over tOO !Qeµt)
insz
needs
bí"
for larpe RAY Drives, and an ever shr inking
comníon.
brtes
\'éj"\"
Trans ierít Program
operatin?
Area.
Attempts to gain f lexibility with norníal
the' 64k addressable memory range
by
systems
in Zm-conípatib]t-'
were constrained
systents. arid forced frequent operat inp system changes exempi if led by XZCOú! and
KZBLITZ
where
tcj
di fferent opei'at ing conf igurat ions could be quickly changed
accommodat €' appl icai ion program
needs.
Our
had been made to bank pcntíom
of
serei"al
In the núd tcj !atú
CP/Y 2. 2 "typt"'
Filos
X!7IOS was a banked
$\">téihg.
for only the Rr)(j4}s(l-i)ast: cí
yicI"o'\1iTlL
\'\í"íilc
,Si3-lRñ lamí ly.
displayed an excelient and
ahí
and
hací several
face
the
to Qre}'ate with a variety of peripherals,
r:
A
rk',:
i
de,xyadt'c!
banked
P,icw "\',js
ceabl
anc!
computer
qui
performance.
y
the
ot
a Iso !']"(jcluc'L'(í
!:
|-M-]S0
S-1Ó()
fui' the
sin?ie board
computer, but required spúc:
\"c'!"si()}!b
and was not produced
of ní: íny Z-System
in any sí>'nif barikiñf-'
Other spinot"i'sí. such as the Epson portable, at tempted
cant quantity.
cjf thú Pías. hut nmst
!"ai leci to achiere our comprehensi\"e
goals of conipatibi
with the' eu: i>tin,c s(-)ftwe?]"e bít>,e, high perforníance'. and
]9f0'x,
efforts
it
lity
ial
fiexiblt· inuir-
it
utilities,
ity
i-
portability.
In !9S'Á Catn cltd\"e]ope(i
his Te!eTe-P. v,hi Ít? Hal
sor . As of niic!-l992,
YASBEC
Ampro LB W/MDISK
MicroMint SB-18Q
Compu/Time
S-lOG
Te]eteb:
-
the first prototype of B/P Bios in a W'on-banked ñiodt- on
cmc'entrated on extending ZSDOS and the Command ProcesFl/P Bios has been installed
on:
-
1MB
ZIBO CPU, FDI'"2 FDC, DP8490 SCSI.
Z90 CPU, FD1770 FDC, MDISK llvíB RAN
HD64180 CPU, SMS9266 FDC, 256KB RAY
Z80 CPL', FDV95
FDC, l MB RAN
280 CPU, NEC76S FDC. 64KB RAM
RAY
3
B/P
FEATURES
2
B/P
Features
of
B/P
BIOS
Bios.
is designed to be completely compat ible with the CI'/M 2.2 standards
for a Basic IQ Svstem.
as well as to provide ruanj". extensions needed
for banked
memory
which is becoming sq prevalent
with newer systems and processors.
Additionally,
strict codimz standards used in the various modules forming the
problems
BIOS ease
and provide
interface
with applicat ions programs
a more
framework
development
The
robust
for future
extensions added to the basic
.
CP/M 2.2 foundation
include many elements from Digital Research's CP/M 3 (aka
CP/M Plus).
but in a more logically consistent
Also included in
manner.
banked
versions are provisions for managing up to 8 MB of extended memory for
RAN
banked
applications,
Drives and potentially multitasking
in future verTo provide insight
into the methodology used, let us ño\\' examine
s ions .
SoI]\e
of the features in a generic B/P Bios.
2.1
BIOS
Character
(O.
defined by Di?ita! Research in their CP/M 2.2 standards.
character
[(i
B/P bias
consisted of logical cié\"icés referred to as TTY, CRT. UCl, COX. etc.
using the IOBYTE to define- tour
extends and M-ger}erai izes the.se interfaces
The
PIÓ and NU-.
physi cal deri CE'k cal Jed ccm , COM£'.
first tv\'o. (-C): \!! arir)
CO?42.
whi
Je
NUL is a "bít-bücú-:
serial portz,: PIó is a Parallel
are
port,
t"
driver.
which can be replaced by a custoníizeci
or used in l ieu of an actual
provided only a limited interface capabi lit}" tcj tht
device.
Digital Research
2
2
( COK )
CP/J!
i
an auxiliary
consist irtg of a Console
n
character devices
.
.
.
)
lRDK/PIA
and
The
(I-ST)
a
Printer
Input and Outj"mt
.
.
ability to sensc· Input
and Output
in
Status with these devices was extreníely limited and was enhanced
13/1"
3
Biou.
capabi
enhanced
CP/M
These
incorporated
into
les
completely
are
.
lit
with the addition of strict register usage sq that only re)erant registers !ílá\"
By n}aniµulatin?
be altered
the IOB\"TL-, any of 1Á
in the respectire routines.
Cíé\_i
four physical
in the three logical derices of CO: ¿>c)lc.
ces niay be used
Al'Xi liary. and Printer
(I-T!"1 .
As
u")
'c
of C'P/Y 3 functiom
Bio" are modifications
initia!i:
and
¿j
and
(cu" re-initialinñ
of
addre.w
the
derices
parameters,
return
al!
table which contains naníes and parameters of the defined character de\"ic¿'>.
art:
these functions
While not totally compatible with CP/JI 3 equivalents,
systen,.
consistent with the spirit and functionality needed with this advanced
Included in the device table are; flags defining whether the device is capable'
of Input . Output or Both, Data rates for serial devices (Maximum and Set ).
(CTS/RTS,
XOI"/XOFF'
rnethoci
Ser ial data format where
appl icable. and Handshaking,
unneeded
masks
for stripping
as well as Input and Output Data
bits
or None),
from characters during JO.
Also featured
2.2
Mass
in
B/P
Storage
lO.
Research's CF'/M EllOSes define' only a generic Disk.
A!) versions of Di?ita]
driver with inu'!ementations of Floppy, Hard. RAM and Tape drives left to tht-'
In f3/P Bios. we went severa! steps further to ease ltkiñ\"
user or cié\"é io¡")cI".
4
B/P
FEATURES
BIOS
and parameters.
we retaineci ali standard CP/M 2.2 functions
(DPH)
features for returning
table
the Disk Parameter Header
code
and
added
segment.
of
lushinµ
the
software
debiocking
a
f
ñt\\
vector to the BIOS jump table to provide a standard method of directly addressing low-level device functions.
Several standard low-level Floppy Disk
functions are supported and used by the standard utilities, including a function to return the type of Disk Controller in use which permits a single
platforms.
In a like
support utility to adapt to a wide variety of hardware
Hard
manner,
low-level funct ions are provided for SCSI/SASI
Disk drives, and
provisions for RAM Disk drives in the event special hardware
is implemented.
The methods
used to implement
these access mechanisms
may be logical ly extended to handle Tape Drives
Interfaces.
or Network
problems
.
CP/M
added
address, and
First.
Clock
2.3
3
Support
for
Time
and
Date.
Harduare vendors hare added provisions for Tirne and Date as non-stanc!,u"c?
ions to CP/úl 2. 2 BJOSes, and more have incorporated such support into
3 BlOSes.
\'\"e
opted to define the' CP/M 3 clock vector as a ZS!XMu,tandaiu"!
clock building on our previous Operating System wctrk.
This entry point into
the Bios completely
complies \\ ith our ZSDOS standards and can con: pletúly
ca1)ar}!E'
For systenis
replace' the separate clock driver when used with ZSDOS.
such
tújc: stanclarci
of rt?turnirlL' terrths-of-m'cond>.
as the YASBEC and .SFi-l80.
eÁaríc'ed
ha> been
tc' support this capability
as well.
Many
exten,s
CP/M
Banked
2.4
\\'hi
U?
Memory
Support.
Digital
Research
adtkú:
banked
CF'/N
níemory support to
\\"ás
inccynl1)atií)lt'
v,i th Ftiob
interface' standards def ined foi euí') lei" t'p,/y
The niethsci
used
in R/P Rios is compliant vcith CP/!¢ Z.2 11! direct
accessin6" oí bíios func-t ions. \íi th only one niinor except ion vvhtíi usiny the
3
Banked
ZS3OS2.
and contair!g uúíny of" Ute CP/jf
extensions added ícu" banE.E'i-j
niewory
suppürt . \\'i t!i sonic b'Ang modif led to be consistent
with standards
adoptecl
t'cc Z-Sy.Ktel|l
.5oft\\"arg-.
The exception to CP/M 2.2 accesses
occurs uiit'n
the Operat in;' ykys7tt!l! can access
batí!..
certain buffers in the Systetn ,\4enlc)I"y
AI íocatiün T':
with zsFr): ·,
Buffers (AL\"), Check. Buffers (CS\"). anti tht-· Dir,?
Host
Buffer are'
contained in the Systetn Bank and not
acces>ib>ifroní
To compensate
s
Transient P1"QgI"a!!'l$.
a
coriímanc!
for
we have added
,
their
manner
standm"du.
a
i.
ZSLX)S
2
all
it
it
it
directly
thi
to return the free space on disks (the most
ing these buffers) and tal iorecl several ut ities to
ii
banked
systemx.
}.
tú
common
adapt
reason
for accesuto banked and non-
In addition to the priníitives
we added
funcinit lated br Digital Research.
tions to directly access Words and Bytes in extended banks of memory, Direct1y
accessing software routines contained in alternate memory banks, and properly
managing
These
the systeni when errors occur.
features make B/P Bios much mort
robust and resi lient than other products.
These
hy
features are implemented
methods
transparent Lg tht' system útil it les so that the same functions aTt'
aval lab te iii both banked and non-banked
versions.
5
FEATURES
B/'P
BIOS
Other Features.
2.5
Bios contains a standardized identification method which may be used to
deterniine the hardware
This allows app}jon which the software is operating.
cations to "adapt" to the environment in a manner similar to that used in the
also minimizes system "crashes" by executrest of the Z-SNstem community.
wÜch assume certain It hardware
ing programs
features which niay be detrimental
The effects of identification
of physical
executed on other systems.
system parameters is most readily noticed by virtue of a single suite of
performing low-level functions such as formatting and diapsupport programs
platforms.
Portabi
nostics which function across widely differing hardware
systems.
ty on this scale can rarely be seen in other computer
B/P
if
li-
in a B/P Bios system
3.4 Environment with extensions is mandatory
Beginning with the addition of Systercí Segment address and size information for
CPR, DOS and BIOS which were added
in the ZCPR 3.4 Em'ironíoent, B/P Bios also
adds
Space
which may be used to locate unique rout ines for
a Resident User
custoní
applications
in a rüanner siníi lar to, but ruore consistent than \'Z-(_: ("):\l.
An Environment \"ersion nuíubt'r
as bejnF
of 9ñH identifies the Z3 Em"ironnient
compl iant vcith H/P definitions.
The
ZCPR
niUní("'Iy
may also be placed in alternate
In Banked system, app! icat ion progranis
ionu
banks
usinz%— Iücat ion and si z irig inforriiat ion contained at standard pos
This feature perínits siszniíicantl'i
\qithin th±' Rios Headcr Structure".
greater
—
While the
precious Transient Program Area.
íunct ional i ty v\"i thout sacri
au,
scheme' employed
ion is subject to minor acíju'4trr!eníb
in the'
SLlf2.2t-^-·
tht banked 7SñOS2 l-)ec()[fleb niort f irm!y cié\'t loped. experiinentat ion and
TtUÜRI are encouragej.
imo
it
ficing
initial distribut
tiom
6
this
B/P
3.
TAILORING
BIOS
Tailoring
customize
a B/P
Bicis.
a B/P
Eíios
for
and an
Svstenis
set, you
or adapt it to a new hardware
an editor
assembler capable of producing standard Microsoft
will
Relocatable files.
using the Hitachi HD64180 or Zilog Zisó must be
assembled
with either ZMÁC or SLR180 which recognize the extended mnemonic'
and MACRO
assembly
set, or with a Z80 assen}b]eT
of the
file which permitssuitable
For ZSO and compatible processors,
extended instructions.
assemblers
include ZMAC' and Z80AS)¢.
For any assembler, fai lure to produce standard
Microsoft Relocatable code will preclude the ability of our Standard utilities
to properly install B/P Bios systems.
To
need
3.1
Theory
v"OUl"
use,
of Operation.
In order to understand the need for, and principles
behind B/P Bicis. you must
understand the way in which CP/M 2.2. as modified by the Z-System.
uses
tht'
For standard versior'>
available memory address space of a Z80 microprocessor.
of CP/M and compat ibíe systems. the only absolute memory addresses are cqj']tained in the Basc Page which is the range of O to ÍOOH. Al! addresses above·
this fjQiñt are rariahle
lwithin certain limits). User programs are normal ¡y
Program
.'\rea
(TPA)
run froni the Transient
which is the remaining space aftci"
ing
(")ljer¿íL
Systt"ru
have
been
The following
c1epicr>
cQn}pQnents
al located.
all
tt_}
the as,>iigncd
asmgneci
arcas pictorial ly alonz with some cornmon elements
each lrlE!}i¿)r:\"
area:
7FFHt
!
Z-S}':
Buf
"Á2ñ,
É
)
)
fers
ENV,
TCUP,
Code
+ ALV,
CP/M
2
CCP,
ZCPFl3. x
lOP,
FCP,
RCP
I
Eros
)
CSV,
Sector Buiú6'
s
l
\
Operating
System
.2,
ZRIXJS,
2SDÜ3,1
i
Command
i
i
Processor
Transieat
Program
Area
O1OOH
Base
OOO'1H
As
more
and
drives were
to Bios code
ly scarce.
l
Page
IOE3YTE,
jmp
WB,
jmp
Dos,
FCB.
Buf
fer
functionality was added to the Z-System Buffers. biggi:
using more ALV space, and addit ional funct ionality was addedr
in recent systems, the available TPA space has become increasing-
more
added
B/P
Bios attacks this problení
at the source in a manner which is easi Jy ada!"'Lable to different hardware
platforrus.
It uses additional memory for more than
tht· íraciit ional role c/S' s imple RAY Disks',.
ii moves niuch of the added. o"\'e]"he¡-1d
7
B/P
TAILORING
to alternate
memory
banks.
generic
The
scheme
pictorially
appears
BIOS
as:
FFFFH
BNK1
80OOH
7
BNK2
BNKO
7
BNKU
J
BNK3
j
OOOOH
L
TPA
_ _
L
j
)
j
_
USER
SYSTEM
j
BNKM
RAM
DISK
front
the above diagram, mutt iple banks of memory may be ascan be seen
signed to different functional
regions of memory, with each 32k bank (except
for the one defined as 13XKl) being su"itched in and out of the lower 32!: of the
The bank
processor's memory may.
defined as BNKI is ALWAYS present and is
referred to as the Co///mc)n Bank.
This bank holds the portions of the C)peI"atin€
and Z-System
BIOS,
(Cornrríancí Processor. Operat ing. System,
Systent
tables ) which
from other areas, and which therefore
be "risible"
must always
may be accessed
code
t he Bank
contains
the
also
control
in the processor' s rííeníory.
to
It
switching iaecharíisms
within the B/P Filos.
As
illustrate
To
systeni
this functional
is diridecl
division.
the
memon".
map
of
a
bas ic.
as:
FFFFH
Buffers
Z-System
Space
User
)
Bics
Operating
Command
800OH
-
System
800OH
Processor
/
Transient
-
Banked
Buf fers
Ellos Part
Banked
Dos
Part
Banked
CCP
Part
Bios
!
Program
CCP
Area
Restoral
O1OOH
O1OOH
Base
Base
Page
Page
Copy
OOOOH
OOOOH
TPA
8
(EJNKO/BNK1
)
System
Bank
(BNK2)
Fí/í'
Filo:
-,
B/P
TAILORING
BIOS
up to 8
The B/P Bios banking concept defines a one byte Bank Number perniitting
mack
irí the
Megabytes
Certain assumpt ions are
to be direct ly controlled.
scheme.
numbering
is the lowest physical
the foreniost of which is that BNKO
RAM
bank,
BNKI is> the next incremental RAM bank,
with others follcnt" in increexamples
A
niay
of
couple
sequential
order.
menting
serve to
The
YASBEC
of
options
in the Memory K1aj-'.
couple
offered
with
a
is
process.
3
3
128k
bytes of
decoder PALs assign the
Units w"ith the MEN-!.
or
physical memory to the Boot ROM. so BNKO is set to 4 (Banks O-3 are the RCNI.
32k
The MIN-4
PAL only uses
(Physical Bank O) for the ROM which
the
BKKO
is assigned to 1, BNKI to 2 and so on up to the l Megabyte'
means that
illustrate this
first
first
maximum
The
where
Ampro
removes
ous RAM
the
coniplete6"
equipped with MDISK, on the other hand,
the memory map leaving a rtiaximurü of 1 MB of contiguBNKO
is set to O and BICKM to 31 of a fully
In this system,
MIJISK board.
Litt le
Boot
space.
equipped l
is 3í.
B\'KM
Nfl3
Board
from
ROM
region beginning after 13ÑJ is referred to as the Systeüí bank.
it bq;ins
bank
number
and
ends
bank
BNK2
nuníber
iníinediately
the
assigned
the
to
at
at
before that assigned to the User Bank, B\KL' if present. or BNK3 if no User
Bank area is deíined.
The
If' p'"esent . one or htO1"t: 32b banks of meínory ríiay be defined \\itti the B\"P: !-"
equate
This area begins with the'
for unique user prograrns
or storage areas.
!
bank num!ucr
labe
and
ban!:
nuriíber
ends
set
immediately beforethe
the
at
to
hc'
i
lahe
B\"K3
13\K3
of
which is nl[')j.}t
memory
defines
high
physical
a
t
.
area
often used for a RAY llisk. p]"o_\"idinÉ fast temporary workspace
irj tht' forní of' ¿j;.
emulated ííisk drim.
ccmtairís prc't ect ion uiechani sins in the forní OÍ' software chéck: -- to
inture that critical port io:is of the memory niap are enKrced.
In the' C?1->e c/t'
\'on-bank.ec!
systenim a check. is niadc to insure that the system size i.s ñCd <·.)
that
Bio: -. may o\"eL"\i'l"ite
the
reserved Z-System
great
areas in high memory (kcl-'.
lOP, etc }.
the niessayt
condition
is
detected,
a !>L).sy,il)ie Q\"eI"flc\\\
li
B/P
E
1l)s
++
will
mem
ovfl
++
be
issued when the sg>téñi
is started.
In Banked Bios systenis, this
v,i1l be displayed if the top of" the system portions in the SYStem Ban?.
For rnost systems,
thc 32k bank size.
this space still permits drñ"es
accommodated.
be
of severa! hundred níqzabytes
to
message
exceeds
Since the Conuiíon port ions of the operat ing system components must reriiain
check
is made to insure that the lowest
a similar
visible to applications,
address
used 1)\" the Command Processor is equal to or greater than 800OH.
Thí s
.
and
MOVXSYS
BPBUILD
is
checked
both
in
both
with
warning
a
factor
either
issued in the case of the former, oí" validity checks on entry in the c.ase of
the latter.
O
~
TAILORING
B/P
3.2
B/'P
Bios
Btos
Files.
This BIOS is divided into a number of files. some of which depend hiph!y on
used on the computer. and some of which
the specific hardware
are generic and
need not be edited to assemble
v\'orking
Much
made of conüiuse
is
a
system
tional assembly
resulting
Bios
desired
the
the
configurato tailor
to
file
The
used
BPBIO-XX.ZSO,
ion.
Basic
specifies
which
t
to assemfiles are
file,
of an included file, DEF-XX.LIB.
ble the Bios image under the direction
It is
mnemonic
and
which
features
selects
contains
the
Hardware-dependent
this file
By maintaining
which
the maximum possible code in common modules
equates.
require no alterations,
versions of B/P Bios are relatively easy to convert to
used
The independent modules
in the B/P Bios system are:
different machines.
BCOTRAM. Z80
BCOTROM.
Z80
BYTEIO. Z80
DEBLOCK. Z80
DPB.LIB
DPB8.LIB
DPB2,LIB
DPBRAM. LIB
DPH.LIB
FLOPPY. Z80
SECTRAN. Z80
SELFLPI . Z80
SELFLP2 . Z80
SELRWD. Z80
Z3BASE. LIB
needed
in
needed
in
IQ
per
Character
Disk Deblockinsz
- (only
(only
-
BOOT
ROM
BOOT
ROM
IOBYTE
applications)
applicat ions)
usinsz
IIO-XX
routines
- 3.5/5.25" Floppy routines
Def
Forinat
(if AutoSelect)
- S'/Hi-Density Floppy Format initions
Definitions
AutoSelec't)
L-
-
-
-
-
(if
(optional if AutoSelec't
Additional Floppy Definitions
Fixecí
Format
ljef
Floppy
initions (if" Not AutoSek'ct)
Disk Parametú'í" Header Tab le &· F loppy deíinit ions
Floppy Disk Eigh-Level control
Sectcu" 1rans!ate
routines
Floppy Select routine (if .'\'oí auto selectingf
Floppy Select rout ine (if auto selecting)
Genevic'
Read,/'t\l"ité
routinc.i
zcpr:
eqtmte
for Lm'ironnimt settiruzs
1.\ file
)
These
müdu lesOther f'i les are ha1"a\\"art' \"£'T.>ic[") dep'encient
to varrinp extents.
hardv:
systems
which
naines
giren
cuutcmizat
for
are
ion
requiring
are
different
encl v,ith a generic "->: '." designator
specific
versions.
loring
Tal
to identify
from
Anij'le prompt
line custoniizat ion to coníj'tete 11-ranges
these modules
of'
13/!"
gene-rated
Bios
writes.
Versions
to date are ident ified as:
"-18"
"-YS"
"-AM"
"-CT"
"-TT"
Files
!")
- )}icr(Ü|ii)t sn-lµ:
\"ASHLG
board
- Ampro Little
Ccmpu/Tim'
- Teletek
-
board set
associated with specific'
BPBIO-XX.Z80
CBQOT-XX.Z80
DEF-XX.LIB
DPBHD-XX.LIB
DPBM-XX .LIB
DPHHD-XX.LIB
DPHM-XX .LIB
FDC-XX .Z80
HARD-XX. Z80
10
S-J(")()
FTK', 5NSJ SCSI l
FDC, DF'$J90 st. SI)
1"70 FDC, !Pffí NLÜSK)
IMEI
1795 FIX)
31eniory)
765 FIX')
(MISO CPU. 9Z(y"x
(Zl90 cut", 1""2
hardware
(ZSO CPL',
(Z80 CPU,
(Z80 CPL',
versions
or require
tailoring are:
- Basic fi le, tailored for included file nanies
Boot
rout ines, Sign-on prompts
- cold
Equates
for option sett ings, mode, speed, etc.
- Hard Drive
Partit ion Def init ions Kptional)
- Ram
(optional)
Definition
- Hard Drive
OPEl
Drií"e
definitions (optional)
Rani Drive DPIJ Definitiori
(optional)
Lo\\'-Le\'"e]
interface/drivei"
Floppy Disk
rout ines
- Hard
interface/driver
ñrive Low-i.evel
rout ines (opt ioníÑ
-
)
B/P
TAILORING
BIOS
(
banked)
- Banking Support Rout Xtes
if
speed.
Physical Disks, etc
- Configni"ation file for
Character IO definitions and routines
- Rani Drive interface/drir"er
rout ine-s (opt ional )
and
ZSIX)S Clock Driver
- Counter/Timer rout ines
and re-initialization
warm Boot
routines
-
IBMV-XX. Z80
ICFG-XX . Z80
ITO-XX. Z80
RAMD-XX .Z80
TIM-XX .Z80
WBCQT-XX.Z80
3.3
B/P
Bios
The most
DEF-XX.LIB
Options.
logical
staItin3 point in beginning a configuration is to edit the
select your desired options.
This file is the basic guide
to
file
and some careful
to choosing the opt ions for your system,
choices here wi i !
Some of the IhOíE'
minimize the Bios size and maximize
your functionality.
them
important optiont, and a brief description
of
are:
MOVCPM
bt-'
"type" loader"
the syste!l¡
inis to
If
Em"ironment
descriptor
comainecl in tlzti'
system the
is aluays mored into position as part of the Cold Start procesx.
a
check
\Ü li I)c made-'
i<
Descriptor
to see if an Em"ironnient
and tije ijiof>
v\'i
l
l
be
loaded
copy
not
if one is present .
- !nteprate
tegrated into
a
routine
If set to NO.
already loadet?.
CBOOT
into
MO\'CPM
MO\"CF'J!
NOTE:
a ijios
Ucii ¿i$s.elliÍ)jil]g
for Boot Track
options are ch-'kteti U-) conserve space
forced to l. l .
many
Installation
and
(!'lÚ\"{: P\'t
sct tCt \"T: - '.
i >.
the Bios Version \'umht'r
BANKED
Fí!(j)$: ','
If Set to YES. the Bank control iüociuk-. jK7í.
- Is tín> ¿j |)an;: .t{.:
1ii
a.6$eQ,!")ly.
tnuch of the code
S}"G[C"!l:
i: s inc JüCh-ul
and
is re Kcatcn
,j tíjc-"
tht Fk¿T]µ:
bani: .
>k:
a
íh>ít
XOttbe
placee'
CA'A"OT
TracÉ:
\">tE'i!|
Systeni
t'(l
on the
>. cc
integrated iñígj a 'Y!G)\"(,'i?': ij|lf"".?: '-'.
IBMOVS
II" set to YES, direct
trantit"er
- Art- Iñrecí ]nte}"-í;¿: n! Ño\"és possible"
u: !' data }-)et\',E!e1"}
bank>
j.b possible
such
as with the Zijog Z180/Hitachi
6ji8C'.
NO. a 25(")-ljyte
trarí"if'er Míf'fer is included in high C.onmon Me!|!': jl"y and jñít?jbank l}jU)\_e.4
reqaii"e trarisfcí" of bytes through
buffer.
If
this
ZStX)S2
- Asseni!: K thi 5 fen' a Banked ZSDOS2 system"
If YES. the Al-\" arid c,g'\"
buffers "nill be plact'c!
in the System bank invisible to normal progranim Thi f
has
the side efíect
that rüany CP/M programs
which perform sizing of fi les
DATSV\EEÍ", MEX, etc) which do not know about
(Directory Listers,
this functiím
The advantage
is that no sacrifice in TPA jy.
will report erroneous sizes.
Set
requi red for la1"?e Hard Disks.
this to NO if you want strict CP/!vl 2.2
compatibility.
FASTWB
- Restore the
YES, Warm Boots
S\"sterri RAY hanl:
B/P I3iot>.
always
Inel}"N)l"j".
MHZ
cloc!:
it
fiC't
MUST
l-¿"!
Processor froni the Systeni Bank RA3!?
Set
If
ConíriiancI
from
th'-.
the
Processor
a reserved area in
will restore
For the maximum benefit
rather than from the boot tracks.
crf
extended
attenipt to set this to YES.
systerris
In
without
be >,ct to NO.
Lg r'f"cjcc':
ra'.e'.
st' l u-)
Conímarid
>g,f:'I"
'9j
.
Sj'cti-ci
The
in closest eren
\"túúe
entered
Mégáhtn"tz
(e.g.
here
is used in
for
many
a
"L2l6
systems
11
jUl:
to
TAILORING
comptne
B/P
Timing values and/or serial
BIOS
data rate paraüieíers.
Ske"n'
table is useci for eac!i
- Calculate Diskette Skew Tablet' If NO. a
Skew
floppy format included in the image.
is general iy more
Calculat iñft
efficient from a size perspective, although slightly slower by facíors which
are so srriall as to be practically unmeasurable.
CALCSK
If
HAVIOP
the IOPIXIT
- Include lOP code into jump table?
lOP
requirements, you may turn
your
and save a
be turned
This
space.
MO\'CPjí
system
for
integIation
to conserve space.
iT]itia}ization
little
INRCM
typically will
in
Is the Alternate
- Please
contact the authors
Bank
t ems .
ing ROM-based
systeni
this off
off
routine satisfies
by setting
to NO
¿¿
when generating
Set
to NO for Kormal Disk-based sysneed
information concernadditional
you
Roy':
if
components.
Set this to YES
BIOS
you desire direct
- Print BIOS error messages?
if
BIOS
Messages.
for place'printing of Floppy Disk Error
If you are building a
níent on Boot
Tracks. howerer, you \'\'i li probably not have rooní and must turn
Set to NO to simply return
this Off.
the normal Success/Fai! error f!a# with
printout .
no Message
BIOERM
Sonie
S"/Hi-Dc'nsity
Floppy Forniat.s"
lncltNe
systems lSZs-lSG.
S
and
hardware
.25"
S' disks.
cart handle both
supports thú
If your
capabi lity and you want uüt S" disks as \\Yj} as the norníal 3.5 and S.2S"
setting
diskettes.
thi:' to YES v\"iii add formats contained in DP13éS.I-lb am!
ti"jÉ
logic to
assembly.
control
Future systmiís may taZ e advantage of" the
and
"\.S
5.25" Floppy Disks which Use: higher data ratesi.
"i-ligh-Density"
Their
be
controlled by this flag as well.
definitions v,i!!
FLOPY8
{'olÍ!pu/7"im€')
NOTE:
larger
set to NO. this option will probably cause the BIOS to M
necessary since these addit ionaí formats may nct be accessible.
AI7OÑ.Ifthan
1: >
MORDPB
- Ilse llioi"e
S" ) i'
YES. thc
and mav be
If
NOTE:
lartzer
Floppy
ii
le
filled vtith
Ifthan
4-S.2S" aná opt iom!
in adclit ion to noriual
of"
Many
the formats are DulÜirtie!: .
is included.
ncm-conflicÜirisz formats \"ou desire.
DE'B'S
(
DPB2.LIB
atu"·
set to NO. this c)[)tiQn
necessarr since these additional
AL'TC'SL
ir
will probably
forniats
cause
rriav not be
the SlcjS tCj
accessible.
be
Is set to YES. user- Include Addit ionai Character Device Drivers? and
added
IQ
assQciated driver
table,
defined drivers are
to the Character
code
Systems
featuring expansion board such as the SB-180 and
is assembled.
YASBEC rnay now take advantage
of addit ional ser ial and parallel interfaces
NO
Set
within the basic Bios.
to limit code to the basic 4 drivers.
to
MCFIDEV
NOTE:
MORDE\"
to
l.l
BUFCON
assemblin# a Bios for
is overridden to conserve
in the distribution files.
When
ahead
- Use type'
to create and nianasui
L—
12
a
Boot
Track
space.
and
Installation
(MOVCPkt
the Bios Version
set to YES).
is forced
Number
buffer for the Console?
set to YES. code is added
If
Ürpe-ahead buffer for the driver assembled as the
B/P
TAILORING
BIOS
such
by either
be controlled
(in systems
interrupts
conso le .
This device
(
Ccmpu/Tiute
and
Ampro
background
ling
in
po!
).
as the YASBEC and Sl3-180)
or
This means that characters typed while the corúputer
is doing soníething else
requested.
not be lost, but vcill be held
\\iii
will
until
BUFAUX
Use
- YES type
will
auxiliary device.
ting
to
ahead buffer
on
add code
to create
Since
the AUX port
bufferinszm· the input
Auxiliary Port?
will
with BUFCO\' above,
settype ahead buffer for the
typically is used for Modem connections.
minimize the loss of characters from the remote enc!.
and
manage
As
a
AUTOSL
- Auto-select f loppy formats"! If set to YES, selection of Floppy disks
will DPB an algorithm in SELFLP2.Z80 to identify the format of the disk from
the
files included (DPB.LIB, optional DPBS.LIB, and optional DPB2.LIB) aríj
There
must be NO conflicting definitions
loµ the disk if a match is found.
See the notes ir]
included in the various files for this to function properly.
NO.
the various files to cjarifv the restrictions.
the sincúe
If set toonly the
file
DPBRA\1.LIB
is incluckd which may be tailored
contain
fixed formt
to
This results in the smallest code requireor foníiats desired per disk drive.
inent.
but least fíexibili'n".use
RAMDSK
to YES, any tnemry aborc the
- jnc'fude code' for a RAjI-Disk'?
If set
RAM
bank
be
L'ser
used
may
a
Drive
(defauñ
is d: rire M: ) by
or
for
including the lilt: EAy!-)-xg: .zs(").
Parameters to cíeter]]jine the size and confi?uand DpBy-xx.LlE.
ration are also included in the i'iies Di"D'>XX.LIB
In systenis
such
without extended
n|e!íK)]"\'. cj!" to conserve space
as when bui ídin" -- a S\'>.'Lc: ñ)
for the L)l)q', tracks. thix lIKt}" be disabled by setting to NO.
Systeni
HARDDSK
1)1" i\"éí""
- Include St'S! Earc7 ui sk
the ability to access Hard bi: sk Di-ires.
lljil1il}!i7L !3ÍOS code.
Set
In
a
to YES if
floppy-only
mi
HDINTS
(Sñ"stetr,
!9is!:
yoz
\\"is}!
system
[g)
a
iriclu': lt'
NO
entíu"
]
bepc'ndení
such
In sonic' systems
as the YASBEC.
Intcrruj"'í-}
C'L)r]trc)]¡E: ]"s using D?4'\ transfer
f
may be used,
Uq'.j \\'isfí to use tÍIÁB type of'
specified in the
HARD!-ia.Zbñ insttuui
of the norntal
pol led rout ines included in HARD-XX. Z6'0. set this option
driren Eard
capabilities
drirer
TRUE.
In llÍjf,[ cases. t!íi'3 drirer
since 1,2!e Interrupt Handling routine
file
will require
be
rriust
in
more Transient
Common Meinoí"y.
to
Pi"q2t?jí:
Area
CLOCK
BIOS+4EH
Include ZSDQS Clock Driver Code?
If set to YES. the vector at
clock driver with the physical coík
will contain a ZSIX)S-conípatib!e
inodule.
contained in the TIM-XX.Z80
If set to NO, calls to BIOS+4EH return an
error code.
(
)
TICTCC
- Systeríí Dependent
used
such
in systems
as the
not have an Interrupt
scheme
Use
pseudo
heartbeat
feature' i: SBC880 which cX
Little Board and
to control a Real Time Clock.
Instead, a serie.K
of traps are included in the code (Character IO Status polls.
Floppy Disk
Status pollsl to check for c)\'erflo\4'
of a l-Second Counter.
is
less desirIt
based
able than an Interrupt
system, but suffices when no other method
is
a'\"ai1&b!€'.
Set to NO if' not needed.
QSIZE
- Size in
lüytc·s
Al1)P1"O
of type
ahead
buffers
counter'?
Cornpu/Time
controlled
by
BL'FCO3"
This
arid
BUFAI X.
13
TAILORING
B/P
BIOS
Refresh features of ZI80/HD64I$0 processors'.'
irate Dynamic
In
using
these
is not
computers
processors such as the YASBEC, reXesh
and merely s lows down process ing.
Set tú NO
not need this
if youthe dosignal
dynainic
needs
feature.
for other
uses
memory,
processor
or
If your
The
SBlSO
dma).
Set
Refresh
uses
Disk
Floppy
(e.g.
purposes
for
this to yes.
REFRSH
some
needed
-
Act
Z3
Since
ZCPR init code?
a
- Include
Bios (which now "owns" the Enrironment ),
Environment is mandatory
in
has
option
this
little effect.
Z3
a B/P
of a Banked version of B/P Bios, the identification of various
"know"
corriponents
of memory must be made so that the various system
things are located.
Refer to Sect ion 3. I above for a descript ion of'
The BNKO
these areas.
value should be the first bank of RAM in the System
The following
unless other decoding is done.
equates must be set:
For
assembly
banks
where
BNKO
BNK2
BNKU
BNK3
BNKM
3.4
TPA Bank lswitched
in/out)
TPA Bank (Coinnion Bank)
33:
- Beginninp of System Bank (BIOS. DOS. CPR)
area
for User Applications
- Beginning of Bank sequence
of Extra Banks (first bank to use Í'Ol"
- Beginning
Maximum Bank !\"ullíÉ}¢'1assigned
-
BNK1
First
32k
Second
RAY
Dist
l
-
Configuration
Considerations.
of B/F' Bios for intesu:-- aíion into an I'\ÍG file". size
a \"¿1"5ion
of the res'-íit iñg' irrlas2c¢ is not much of a concern. so you need not worrv about
uiiñcn" issues of size.
For integration
into a sy.stem for loadinµ onto diskettt"
i>
how·'tu'er.
ion
the limitar
boot tracks.
very real in order to insure that the
)
CPK/IXjS/BIOS
and Boot
s
]"u;'i ti"ac!>.
can
orí the reserved sr"stern
Sector{
.
of
under
Ellos
v\hetí
component.
'l.Sk
exists
for
the
the
cally. a liníit
s!i3jlt!y
MO\'CP)4
flag is .set 'tú yes for this type of assembly. warnings \\"iti be issue'S
4352
when
with 2 boot
bytes (the rtiaxiníuní for systenii-i
the image exc'eeds
boot
a
rnaximuní
4480
recc'rci l .
anti
sj'stéñjs
for
single
with
records) .
by[eb (th±
!ííar}:
\"
ofít-"n
oí
features.
requires.
disabling
the
Achie\"in£ these liiñts,
when
assenílñ
11k!
fit
assembling the BIOS is iq back up thc
thin;; you shouici Jo l)ef'c-)1"e
entii"e disk, then cc'}'j" only the necessary files onto a work disk for any
After setting the options as desired, edit the hardware
editing.
definitions
ICF'G-.Xx.Z80
of your floppy and harcí
in
to reflect the physicat characteristics
Then edit
items.
the lWical characdrives. as \\"€1} l as any other pertinent
(
and DPFMHard
DPBHD-xx.LIB
and
any)
Paw
in
Drives
teristics for your
if
do
floppy
forrriats
of
standard
the
any
desire
XX.LIB. If you
not
or want to
change
DPEÁLIB
using
DPB2.LIB
and/or
them edit
auto selection) c)i"
{if
DPBRAM.LIB
fixed
floppy
formats.
you are using
Finally edit the DF'H files
if
to place the !oµica1 drives where desired in the range A..P.
The
first
Decide
whether you want to generate a system using the Image
construct
cleve loped
in support üf B/P Bios (BPBUILD/LDSYS ) . or for integrat ion on a
you probably
the
floppy disk's boot tracks.
not be able tú
Foe
with
MicroPfinr
example.
the
SB-lSO. the
hare
options turned on.
file
al!
14
If
latter,
will
B/P
BIOS
TAILORlNG
fol lowing opt ions níust be turned off : BA\'KED. ZSDOS2, BIOER!'4. FI-OPYS. KÍORLE'L.
BUFAUX and usual Iy el ther CLOCK
As an aid to space
reduction.
or RAMDSK.
assembly
based
conditional
flag automatically
on the MO\'CPM
inhibits
al! but
F
Boot
double-sided Flcippy
igurinµ
for
forriiars front DPB.LIB.
conf
loppy
If
tracks (J1C)\"CP: 'yt flag set to TRUE). a warning will be printed durin? assembly
i!'
Us inp
the size exceeds
that available for a One or Two-sector boot record.
method,
the BPBUILD/LDSYS
you
níay vary nearly
all system parameters, even
making
for larer dvnaníic
loading.
different svstenís
'
set for your type of comIf you are using a version of the B/P Bios already
puter. you are now reach' to assemble,
build a system and execute it. The on!r.
rerríainin3 task would be an optional
tailoring of the sign on banner in the'
cFlcr)T-xx.z80
and reassembly to a .REL
file.
file
For those convert ing
a standard version
of the B/P Bios to a new hardwarti
rec'onímend
that you begin with a Floppy-onlv s\"stétñ in .\'on-Bani f-'í.j
n)c)áe
The easiest way to test out new versions
then expand f 1"Ol1! there.
is tc·
( ING
hiíaµc
use the Systel)!
le) l))oc]e. then advance to boot track inma! iations
Enhanc'erl)ents
if' that is: desirt·j.
that can be added
testing prerious
\"él"3 ions my M u.) add Hard Di" i\'és . KÁ'\( Dr ive , and f inal iy Bank i ng.
system.
we
fi
after
15
INSTALLATION
a B/P
Installing
4
B/P
BIOS
Bios.
Distribution diskette(s) on which B/F Bios is furnished are configured for
A 9600 bps serial
booting frcm the vanilla hardware
for the version ordered.
and
terminal is standard,
will allow you to immediately bring up a uiiniínai
non-banked
Due to the variety
floppy disk system.
of different system configand
size restrictions in some versions, only the Floppy Disk Mass
urations
Where
space
Storage capability can be assured on the initial boot disk.
remained
Hard
limited
Drive support is also provided. and
on the boot tracks,
in some configurations,
eren RAM Drive support esists.
The
After
booting
from
either an estaMished system,
or the boot tracks of the
distribution disk, format one or rriore fresh diskettes and copy the distribuCopy
tion diskette(s)
the boot traci-s
contents to the backup diskettels).
BPSYSGEX'
(see
Remove
from the master to the copies usinz—
the master
6.6).
for safekeeping and "work only with the copies you just niacic.
diskette(s)
diskette \s"itíj the 13/!"' utilities on it. execute BPC'\TG in the
k conf igurat ion mode ( see t3 . 2 ) . adjustiru' — all the opt ions to \"c)üj"
when you have completed tailoring the system
specific operatin,z enrirontíient.
by
thtplacing the diskette in drive A: and resettin;'
it is ready ícr hooting
the
L'sinF
Boot
backup
Trac:
s\'sté!1i.
.
the distribution dis!: will autontatically
execfilc on u,'hen
of in>tructiom
the system is bocneci.
seq'iience
ute
It contains various
instructions
'Áiic'h further tailor the systení and load portions of the operatThe default
systeni
inxtruc''ñhict arc' too big to fit on the boot tracks.
ing
is:
t ion sequence
Thc· saníplc'
STAET¿"i"'.CO?\:
a
LDDS
<-FCP ,SYS.
LDR SYS .RCP,SYS.
NOR
<--
IOPINIT
TD S
IF
"EX
<-<-MYTERM. Z3T
TCSELECT
<--
MYTERM. Z3T
<--
FI
LEFI
If
you
tialize
with
with
TIN
16
<-<--
MYTERM. Z3T
wish
the
tQ
RAJ!
Load the DateStainper
style
and clock
Stamp routine
4 En\"il"onn}ení
Load ZCPH
seg|}|erttµ
for Resident Command Procesxcn".
Floñ" Control Pkg and K"aH!ec]
the lO Processor F'k?
and 7"iíííc.
Date
Sz'l g}|
Promj'z
for
!ilc
Initialize
Ijirs
TOL'
Alternatives
are to use
SETCLOK
(íml8)
(6.21) or
MYTER\!.Z3"!" does !tot
the
Ifexi file
st . . .
..select which tern]ina} vou hart.'
creating a MYTERY.Z3T file
...end of the IF
Load the Terminal bc'l'inition
data
instructions
inzto, for example,
Time
Stamp
File
usinp
capabilities to it
anc! copr soníe files there with COPY. these rnay be added
SALIAS or other compatible files ar"ailable
Írorií the ZX\"S-
aite: í"
drive
T\"ITD1K or PUT1)S
ALIAS.
valias.
on
oí" ZCPR33 area"í
any
at'
7-Nodem
initial
thé">é
TNlkAMfj.
add
B/P
ÍNSTALLATlOk!
BIOS
After
and runninµ from the Default boot Track system
by penerat inp sµ'"s1éws f or
erenr purposcs in
from your system
Many types O!" instal lat ion
orcier to pain the' mnst acNarítage
of" which i.s a Non-Fianked
systení
are possible.
the siñ"tplc'sí
using on!t" 6J-k: of"
i
!
of' which is in primary manory.
Such a systerü
cí
the systerü>, ii}errLory. a
uses
normal
Corrírnarid Processor such as the ZCPK3 .x i'aníi ly, and a Non-Bankeú
Operatsuc'h a-s our Z.SDÜS
Systerú
Non-Banked
systems
may be instai led
\'ers ion
on a Disk's boot Tracks. or created as an lmape File for dynamic
!oadinp Usi;1;?
(see
the LLJSYS
you
the
eu:
may
initial
pand
systeni
is'
up
diíi
the opc'rat ion
iM
j.
L"tiíity
tn!5).
Banked
MUST be' created with the BPI3UJI..J)
{see
systems
6.1) and íoackc
(see
The technicµes
banks
with
tn151.
níemory
to inanaµe
forní
a
cornMete
and are best hciñ()perat ing Lm"ironment are rather
i les may be creared and loaded
Marre Imaµc'
a±:
neecic'.í
died by our
Jor
The fol Joy\'in,2 scct ions,
\"out" .syste.ni
for opt imum performance.
to
dcscrihc tfíest' \"aTic)Us·. types of" instal lations in
Utility
differenr
intricate
L1)SYS
utilities.
tal
f
tr
deiail.
4.1
Boot
t'"r
l:lC):';[
OpL-}":
7Tin
7
Oí"
insta!latior: .
rack
u"-'
if,t
'.ns C!'"-!
coríir'ar iMe cc)niputer>
to beµin c>: ec'-ii trí.í a
hC"
ñídS,E
rr¿: :'2I¿_t'!l
placed on a specii led ?í"c[í Üi c: f" Á!jx"'j ccFiar.-?
I) i " }
1)1" !\"'-.
>:t"!Trli¿?l
!
cl l :'A
¿i ;":
\". t M- if' i r>: [ t\\"o c'j' three'
t :mcl:s on t li'-'
.
;
m"':
fur'
}'E'y,ej"\"(·c:
ILR> p'!:"!)':'$-.Fj:
l át"tj' reft'rred lo as' t!je "tfOcjt 'lracÉ: :'i' . >inc'í' It"':
.>(1
cit { 'rj,.·¿í t:
£Y'Áj.
;"í'i; !\" jü-"i :" icted.
spact'
rieitMí" a con}i)i¿'zc' íí/l·' i: io'" :uu" ¿.
'cl)aT!l"'jíi
i1'-.',¿: ii·-:1{j"1
}3C'¡""bj|)'£',
svsten'
ñ'"tca'"'i. a sca !L-ct-dLj'\4'!I
ruuU, 1\" c'cj'j 1\"
tÍ'l..)-,{-.'
:
C1ii"7"-?l?í
ak'r'it to
V j;'j tl>¢i' :>· u>c-d u) start. [ht" corlípuTU'.r anc ;'.r-'7"í"í ;. . thí
(")l)L-: "at 1'í7
",,' : t )
j¿jj Á"fj'!" S\"StÉfTi", joa(l¿'(!
>'\"'4tt.: I'::.
late: " as nce': kcl.
} i
'
cu:
S: }'ík"tt::í',.
iñi4
A
'-1"Á!',
!'rL'-c(jlí[
h¿ir'.}\\'¿'í
l7\.|rc"'-} \"'d1"ú icjñ c't t.s./l-' bío: , f Cj;"
y . \". '-.
rout'
i'st
t
d
'l'rac'k
u" Ubt' t)'zt hoot
cíi 'ai' i; ::. ;
1O!"l
s;j.zt cáí
roni tiic
my
rihu.t
cori
lüy
tic">,c3"
¿'::){""\"L[íf'
:
4
t
íhúci
ahm_e
ihú ·7\">,tt'{': ¿e'-Fií'b\.SG!ü
in Sect ion
us.iríg
t '.. -'
{} )'
(i
It yüz: ¿ it-Ct u) ¿";lj" " o!" c)tlíÜr'n'iµe
cusncunze
the Hoot Trae'!: system.
.
.
yc"í
i·
ñjlj>.t a°-:3L'!i:!}l{. t" !K· !i,,.'i
in th'i: j);.í--A: - :>(tl"¿i"cc"
sc'tring certain Üi" r-ht' eqL][!'Lc'>.
CiÉ"
t,\"I)¿'
Tcj
',: c.! íl', É'l It: t...
asBti'l!í!-)ie- a Fmt"t
í?7SU!'c ,'í ccu"reí't
"!"i: ocÉ
SJ'"Ít€'ñc
[j!/.i'·,'?.
ilI}|'["'rt(g;]:
g>y"t£'E,. tli'.
t'C!Ll;i[C: '1 arc':
ycui
áj"t:
sinplr
!
¿ii
;ñi_iÚ
MOVCPM
BANKED
ZSlX)S2
()ñc' eleníent
a("ldjti(»níL]
of
Set
Set
Set
to
to
to
YES
NO
NO
I3anÉ.c'c!
Sysittw>
is arai !able in a Boot Track insta!jaUorí
17,
níenioru
aí"ai1ah!e, and voui" B/F' Bios rout ines support sucn ,"1
'rm Ir teature
feature.
re loach the Command Processor froin banked memory iristeaci
of
t I"cj!ít
the hoot '] racks of' a disk, and g.eneral ly produces
less C'Mz
(takin: 2 Ie: ics space on the boot Tracks) and
faster.
ii
It is set u'iU:
executes
FASTWB
Set
to
YES
if
desired.
NO
if
V\arrn
hoot
froíü
Ííi
1 ,'"
-.i
É3,'P
!NSTALLAT!OR
the ÍeaLurt!i
are
set as:
srstem
that
ot"
sonic
1\"
gt'ncrai
MCRDPB
.Set
Set
Set
DPEJ8
MCRDEV
to
tu
to
nteci
1()
M di sabl c'ci
sc,"Éi
tí"\
l!
a
!'UOS'
!,3: t"í j
luí"
NO
NO
NO
equates and any others VOlj desire to chansze (see section
the component
fijes of the system assemble your BPBI()-.u:
REL
This output t'ije may be used tCj o\"(-'j_to a Microsoft standard
file
file.
of
MO\'XSYS.COM
system
lay the Bios portion
the
generation urilüy (see 6. f(µ)
iurnished v.'ith your distribution disk. or an equivalent prograni
provicied \\itt!
MC/VXSYS
your computer.
or its equ A"aíent (MO\"CPM, MOVZSYS. etc) iu a special
custcmii zed for your parr icular
hardwire containing a) } the Operar: ing'
proprani
"n'hi ch
v\"ií i be placed on the Boot
Systeni
ccwiponents
Tracks, along wi th a rouMc-'
thíaíitU"esses
internal
t
ro alter
to correspond to iii spú"cified n1{í'rl}oI"\" s'if':;.
When at least these
4} hare been wade to
Ad':l
'Ec)
1-ll :'
th't iil'".
s.peci Í'y it2,l'
b.
pi"cmí;"1 "
aDscÉute
itiíj: "-. you just ?4sseÍ!j!)j eci. execuít' ]\'S'1'Ai.i 2 ( see proct:cj'jrc:-q !rí
your conipuíc·r" g ):(:)'\":[b\"h or equiva Jc'rit prQ7ra: 11 and tüí Iq)'.'. thz
!C1\"
'L()
l!gs'r·'ii !2 ha": sa","ec!
()nce
o\"¿'j"
í: re kjc: íta!)}€"
tf'c rieií' 7{jaq.
or
boot
a
¿í(j\
díi: k containing the rímaÑ'ic-'i
tú creatc
file'. \"ou í2!"t' rt:
sy-it SIh.
i i
u.qc·c!
U.)'\'"¥ jjY>
"l !'
INSTAL12
(i!-!
sí'sterü
[ !"ít-" cQr|!3ii2n[.i
.se>'níc'nts
you
i":
[t' insta
't" él s
)!L: F(iF.!
ecl'g}\"¿·'!jL-[?¿ rí'"')?Iarl:
·$ysíem
t
\"Ütí ñíú'\
r t create an .-\bqoi\}te
S "t
rU)z"I ion c/i" your ñé": \" proµraní
i: í: "kíít jg¿j, To Ú2l' o: "]!.',Tí:¿j
mí-' the fuñe \ .icm:
Líít"ti)c')'_j
j!C)'\"XS\":
S
:
Ú"J'l
e:
irr:
ci
the
iri you: " c)!"9 g iruí! cjc)cuníen[¿ít 10!"
liu.t:
oí" cc: ira
':piu
.
cQn'tni(i!l.:
.'¢('"'\ ú.:
:
El"",'
Ú"'il
i'.:
l.t:
¿i
4\":-Te!}i.
-·jt:,
! im
to güneratt--
lilt-'.
.
il
MOVXSYS
'r'jP-l"t nn
7ñt- c¿.>r.€'r!
u' a Gi: ik
u",i·í'?: :' c';
atíci i: isuc'
It
i.n
íh:
4..
'
[ti'!
!: it-'.
\"tDGi
¿'¿ :"
nn
*
;: "'.'":'-
írzj; le
héá\"
ñcY'
l.tt.)
Cii.4c'tii-.
" :
!ct'ztírn
t'íir: aj-
INSTAL12
the
conmantl
/A to
use.:
Sy.stt-'ñi
íníagú
it'. or used a
the iniacze
tlÑé FSPS\"SC_á: .\ tO \{'ri1€:
s
colrlrríand
i
The
disk.
proper
disk
install
boot
file,
BPSYSGEN
naníe
ot'
MO\">:
with
output
filename is the
S.\'8 or equivalent
existing image Ítlc'.
a
Sector
j.q
V ~'
uith
yc't:
r
\-Clí'Ccj;,
a
ñ
repkícenienc
wrote the
the systéíri
s\"stetñ
segrüent:
image'
ttjj a
new
tracks of yout"
f i lename
where
rM
li Hard
íc';
utility which
tile to
fi
a
:$'j>
bcmt
moác'rarü
s\"y.,',¿'I}'{'.
íi:
nc't \\'i"i tú iz
in rnenmry
the ncii im;zc- to the s'j-5ú-": ;
ti"íij-. !')\" C'ú: t-'C'it irij" l6|'S}"SLil.-\ with no ar?u{l£ent: 7
v: M'n
asAcci for thc :>uu?c€' cjí the híá: -'é .
you
c)\"éj_
pil)'..:
(ty;íucai 4 ·!\' 51
íeíair, Íix-' i|1"ía?¿'
hp$ú\"ú\í-iÉ.':
\"
U:
tc: write
.í
oí tií¢j' s:\':'['j'tlL
si?'l!-- tií': ' prcuzran', [(i
1"crj
1"c'l")l¿icc'
"--
íhc·
disk file
to a ciisk
,
jusr crúated by execut
file, or with INSTALA oí"!
you
and vour sy">[el1í
s\"stéñ": }9i 'Y\"["ir{L'rí Tl_\ a l"farA I-)is!:
"L'cf"t a'- tíat: ' \i'ShiÁ . \"o'i! ríorniai 1\" must
?'i"É
ai
!4("F(\í
sc'\-Áoi" coma int'-d
f rotz tlít' cL: 'l au l F iopr""
i'Ai.
in?'
an
supporr± bcmrin;z i'roií,
cief'aui t !'ocá
tor the
(-:!" tíqc "j-M()\"x3Yh
in
B/P
INSTALLATlO!ú
EllOS
Thi s al terat ion
alent .
customized to the specific
lifter the
i
accoriipt
ljarciware
ished
s
System
{
by HDF1(X)T
used.
see
6
.9)
whi ch
rrtust
bu
tal
ahoue
tor the Boot
act ions have been completed as appropriate,
F\PCNFG
(xec
systent
the
desired
with
configurations
to
j
2
6.
Such
Bank
Numbers
the
desired
items
as
name,
Startup
.
J'ASTWB
is used). and drive types and assipnments are routinely
tailored
at
When the you have
by
systení
finished
new
point.
step, test your
resetting the systení.
or cyclin7 the power and you should be up and runnin?:
reflect
Track
starting
file
this
4.2
if
(critical
this
Non-Banked
Image
Installation.
A Non-Banked
Boot
Track
must
hart'
recQrlínjencieL!
system
may be installed
as an Image File as oppoxed
to the basic
To create an Image
instal lat ion covered
in 4. 1 above.
File. U"'.'!
Fí!-.L
Zi·: L
Conimand
(ZCPR3
equi
va!ecí.
of
ions
a
.x
Processor
or
vers
or
;t
j
( ZSl-XjS. z-a-.
cE
} :/'}
recommended
and
i
RLL
an
a
(jperat im
.
.
vers cn
NO.
tú)
bíos tot your srsteríí assembled
in L)Tii--.íx".Lfb
with the MOVCPM equate
set
tjther equa[e: 4 in thi .s fi .le may be 9>€'[ as descri bed above" Í or the- lsüot 'j raci
sysíerl?.
Since ímapc' files are ncñ as constrained in si':'e as is instaiiaticm
for Hoot '! rad ñ. níore ieatures may general ly be act iuateci such as F.rror Mu-: acjcii t!ona1 Hard íjrive partí tions,
and complete F loppr Forn',it
sage: m RAY brive.
srúre.m "i he' ní,i!n precaut ion here 1"? that large ñard Drires v\'} ! ] ra;'ñd 1\" cáú','?
since'
Prograni
si gríi f "} cant iQSs"Y í".·jj Jl'rari",ient
Area
al l D1"Í\"ú parameters níust bt.'
in !)rQtec[L-·{i iii.:íh lííC'fltz"'CG a|")o\"t' the' tsioi .
Aftc-i
i¢icís. ha'".
lY'f: ri axy)enÉ!"!ec!,
Tñi :-. ' ".
an iníat'e
t'i le niust he procjucc: í.
m
P i itiís!n'u
i
Set
Iñt· b!'jji-_!!_l-|
':
namú", in \it'ñí:
the
(stc
.!C'¢: 'T
o: "iiy ¥cjl2-F'1?Ln.|: €'(j Í'iiee, (c/t ni.irmnatly barik: ed bios.
if' FAs"r\'Ilí is set ¿t"'.
ci/_)
b incc'
rhc· standard
.\'on-bc!ni: E'i"j .v\>j: 't.
iü'fi It-t li/'iÚrhe wor!:
se!Enlú'nt 4 are ñoj"ñL":
i\' sui tí" the ' standard" CP/ji 2. 2 sizes. you iiíay aRs\4'L""
"C'lütCiS,
ize' cµ': "r;'." \Z'íÜí 12 Y to onrain the níaxiríiuni Tnínment. P}"o?ram A:uni l") tlí: .
\i'!}er! F$!"F'i[ f I.L1 coníp !t"t e's l t s wor!: . a Í'i le . norrria j i y 'i: ti'\ t hi'
"-uit|n£ syg·-[c: Ii:.
gñ'
\.\'i i !
í"iá\ c been placed in the current ly |op,s?e(i !)T i\"t/'i "·t7"
ciefauj i íypí"
. iV i.
Cji'
tCi
¿!j_t'
l"C'áC'\"
íi!"L·Á an"i \"ín-;
the' \()!"1pc rfbr: íí thr-" next step in preparatiorí
l
!
iñ?A'c
banf.t..
acconinl
tú ft-'i
YES'.
ti"r'
j;
tiíity
i
ll)'
tul).
.
tiíj
rt:
i
!Üi t!'it' boot a racÉ: insíaí lat ion covered abo': e. severa! svstem item: ' f}i: -l>;T
he raí !orccl bef'orú the jnia?e niay be safely
loaded
and executed.
This is done'
br cal ! ir}é7 EF'CNI""G
with the lrnape t lle name as an argument, or specify l!lÍ¿¿?'.'
confi;;urat ion frorri the interactive menu (see 6.2).
Set
all itetüs asl-"AST"·í"yon
Bank
detire them in the operatiñfz systerñ,
Numbers
the
(if"
particularly
is act ive). anc! the' Disk brive characteristics
and assignments.
When
this ha":
!',"
been
coríípieteci,
sar isf'actori
and execute the ne\\ iyyou are ready to load
created .S)"STéñj.
.'\..q
i',
Insta! ling an Miatzc- Fi le (deÍ"ault file type of
the ütiíit\" LL)S\"S.CL)Ñ (see 6.!5) is needed.
chanpeci
f: rorn the default .I\ltL only the basic
passed
to 1J.'S\"A \'\"t'"ícñ €': [ecu[e'! as:
LDSYS
IMGFILE
<--
Where
.IMG)
If
is extrenie>,' easy. On i\"
file type has not been
oÍ" the !ma?e Pi le ríeecj r't
the
name
l,\Gl'iLL'.
is your
írriagt'
t"iít'
M": f!ít-
19
B/P
!NS7ALLAT!CN
The
BIOS
iñ/z
system
artparameters of" the currently-executing.
first exaniinc'íi
Iína,íze
of
loading the
suitability
File. If it is possible to proceed. the
lmaEze
Fi le is loaded. p! aced
in the' proper memory locat ions . and conmancieci tí"j
H/P Uios Cold
The Cold
Boot
Boot
begin execution hy cal i 1f"!9 rM
Vector.
O)
performs
(Bios Function
final installation, displays any desired openinp
to the Conwíand Processor with any specified
prompt and transfers control
bv
ZCPR.i.x
Coniniand Processor Replaceníerit.
a
Startup file for use
operat
f"c'l"
Since
the
a
Boot
initial
may be
nm-banked Image' File will probably closely resemble
that contained on
Tracks. the sanie STARTUP file may general ly De used to corüplete the
ii" a different file is desired, the Image File
tailoring sequence.
altered to specify a different file using BPC.NFG.
Ban ked
4.3
Non-banked
Bios,
lnstallation.
System
system
an Image
may be created and
vvith the B/F' Bics system,
loacmi wñich
of"
bank,
the
Systerií
retaining
a non-banked
places port ions
Bios Only in the
Operating System and therefore maximum compatibi lity with exisninµ app! icaA few thousand
bytes can normal ly be reclaimed for Transient
t ions software.
a
Pro?ran¡s
increas inpt numbers of iLj?!c¿íl
lthough iarze and/oi"
in this manner,
1"t'·¿!tj/:
i
'FPA
of'
becautíe
space
e
the need to store' Ai )oc'atit"m
drives will st !j
(_'oñirúoñ
Kleííic'ry.
Vector iníorníauon in
To
such ti s,ysñem.
mníj"ly t: ci
en"¡[)}\asi: 3 on thü í)F'-µ: ?:.!,¡}i
it tht·
prepare
particular
set
ax:
MOVCPM
Sgt
úeí
set
BANKED
ZSFOS2
Since
hr,nketl
probably
nianc'c'
.
wlc'nic}:
t}"ie
"\"
wAñt
To act 1\"'Ut-'
be
,\/t"S7
j"¿;">t
"\i'áTl!.
this
o!: "Ljon..
FASTWB
Set
manner
as
ail
Iniaize
file"
LDSYS BBSYS
by
t·j€'ci
wherú
bios ii !eg: i i
tlit: !(?íjc)\\'inµ
ir"i
nece.s",¿tl'.'
·
lñít: "
ec!Li?.ze>}
t!
1")l·
NO
te"
Id nis
to NO
icu"
tüeízure
íht'
set
íhis: Lvp: of
aí"aiiabie to
j'c)|ío\'k'in2
insrai lat ií'n.
ini:úe system
niau:
equate'
you "\',"1 : '
pt'"Uí"': "-
as:
YES
to
the Bios to a Microsoft .RLL fi le v\"itií
buijc! an irííaµe system with HPb\."i!..!-)
as
in menu ! to the name of the ne"ñ'ly
file riarr,e
Üíe
default ccmdit ions i f necessarr v\"it h
iµire
reach"
in the saítie
to act ivate the new system
calling LJJ.SYS with the lma?e file arµument aw:
the editing is conípiete,
assembler such
an appropriate
c"ñanpintí
the E$io>:
(see 6.1)
creared Bios file. ÑéFt ., coríÍ
BPCNFG (see
(l. Z ) and you are
When
íile
a',m iÁ'/ís
!SüOt
rt£:
assemble
ZMAC
<--
and
where
BL'SYS
is your
Image
Fi
le
Nanxz
systerú
described above in Sect ion 4 .2. no
th the completely Non-banked
ne"«"
requireníems are establ ished foj" a Startup t'i le over that used for thtimt la! bc)c)[ S)">téÑ. since bcmli the coníniand Prmessor i and Disk Operat tut'
needed
hy app]
unhan): eci.
an'.i nú dat :i areas
Sr'sterti
are
caí ion proµraiír arc
As
2(1
\'\"j
B/P
INSTALLATION
BIOS
As with all image Files.
additional
features' such
placed in the System Hank.
F:.-'N
]
ancl
c!ri\'L:
MeAsage.5.
more extensive
hios Error
as ful
Floppy bisk formats
assembly
>iñcé
may µenera! ly be included in the System
th: -'
prior u)
definition
size const raints of" Fsocn 1"rack systems do TiQt apply.
Fully
4.4
Banked
Installation.
Image
of banked memory, a special banked
a systerii
takin2 níax"imuní advantaµe
arid Cornmand Processor
These
have been
Svstení
needed.
Íurnisheíi
are
package
ZSLX)S20.ZRL
and
Z40.ZRL
form with this
as
respect i\"é ly.
the banking features of B/P Ellos and locate the níaxiiríuw practicable'
irñpoir-OÍ
aníount
of executable code and data in the System Bank.
PrQRram
Area
is that the Drive Allocat ion
tance to maximizing the Transient
Fsit maps are placed in the System
Bank meaning
Uat adding large hard drives.
only minimal expansion to the resident portion cji
or mu!t iple dr.ires produce
tht.' F'ict>.
To create
Operat 1112
.
in in i
They use
tial
significant
l-uí
cuxtonü
1\"
t\.
equates,
bank-c·d
!sic-ri
i>
7ú tm' sy>tt'ní
are sc'í .iu:
t';j
H\"
e(_íitin?
creau"'c1
the:
yotu"" (.jc'si1"eµ..
Insure
MOVCPM
Set
Sti·t
>eí
BANKED
ZSlX)S2
:\>,sE'R"íF_í!e
ílit'
\',lí'í !'i-'ií\"lí.i)
('.y 2 l
.
.
\\ÍJ<-'t\
\'tiíe the
\"t-'
¡"¿'t l
NO
to
FES
l(")
YES
1"e"'.j) t'í?it j-s,/'r-' !-UC: -, tu a
tsg: €· (}. i ,' and ccmi" '"re
\"ou are conl icier i that ai
1)\"
e!"!t€"j"1!l,: ?:
file
LDSYS FBANKSYS
Yt:
LCj
(lii'i'€"!"€'{"]c'E'$
LÍ,/F'
that
bicc>
the
fiiú:
.
as.
foRowiñ$z
\("p
neech-ci
}'-X"µ:.!-;.t$
i-)í:
'"licrohuíí .RÍ".!- t'i!t". Fui id au ini'ij'é
le with F{µ('!\"j'lT
Iniami'
the produced
Ii
l
Ií"l,i'.Á".
fjée1")
e
in,sts
haí'e
ciefaui t set
<--
wht,·rt·
is
FbA!GKS\'S
\"cu1T
111:¿"2jj
i
' (ft'
Né
act
iiíí-'
·
i-
ñÁli: ·-
banf: c:"i
i le useci 1'[)]' a
exjst in the Startup
cíe
l i
aIÍlc)l.lnT
('f]¿i]]?ts
in,z
Íl€1'hS
such
¿jj'
¿"i
let
le btatí: ;"'
to
Iíli-K}'j
It' I't'l" íhú ;\'L_)7')-l)?.!]: ,í:('} Zsi: ·' '>1 v,'i,i ch is not necessary \i'iti"í th-í
ly-i)a: ]!.:Ú(:
On i \"
1'01"
:/µ,!-K)>-r9.
izs!K.'y. :J ami :Z:Ó.
íh': ' t cpt" CU c lock Dééci be spec i í'icúi
u! µI"c)'ge.q,sLj¡"
thÜrr: ít-3!_Ú.
tñí-- 24Ü {.'Qn}7l}an¿
i, incc
lW.jSt
Replacement
coR1HÍcjñ
contains
I;'u Sétí
c'oníl7larít!f
IK'.'É'!
pa Uwrúcl U'cmi a nuniber
of Res ident Lonnnand }'rocc'sg.c)T
pac!: aµ'ei. . there
i g: riornia l i y no need
tQ load
A simple Startup
j€'
an PCP.
'
t"ounc! aciequau:
("lurin?
ckí"eiopínent
LI/P
of rhe
sysreni
ly-banked
is:
sys
Lea),.
("jt't]€".T"¿i;
1\"
f
nit-n"
1
ht'
i'uj!y
tul
fi
fui
ZSCFG2 CB
LDR SYS. FCP,SYS.NDR
<-<--
IOPINIT
TD S
the 1() Processor PU
for bate and Time. Seí CIR
Alternatives
are to use Ti)l..'
SETCLOK
ltn2D or
í6.lX)
<-- If the fi le MY'rtiK\'!.z3T does. N-u
exi si . . .
..select
which terminal you ñá"\-¢<--
IF
"EX
<-<--
MYTERM. Z3T
TCSELECT
MYTERM. Z3T
Set zsrms
Load ZCPR
for Flow
cLock
to bios+4i'.i-i
Lm-ironmenr
sé{2ñNñt>.
and
Narrted
tjirs-.
Control
2
3
Initialize
Prompt
21
INSTALLATION
B/P
ElOS
P
cI"eatin? a ,4Yl'f: KM.Z.3j i ijt:
...end
<-if the it'
Load
rhe
Terminal I)ef ínition
<--
FI
LCR
Z3T
MYTERM
.
since the regui
ckita
sysneni
fu l Jy-bankecl
dit f er signi f icant ly t roni a
non-banked
one,
we reconímúnd
that you use a different name tor the Startup
f i le . For exaniple, STAR'F(JP.COM is the default name used with Boot Track
Image
Files. whi le S'í'APl'ji
sj'siems for initial operation. and with Hon-banked
may be a suitable
naníe for the script to be executed upon
loading a fullybanked
The
be
of
desired
name
the
easily
may
altered in
Startup
system
file
either Boot J'rack or Tníape systtmís from Option l in BPCNFG (see 6.2).
reniení
s,
tor
a
option aval table to start f'roiü a lar?e Image File is to configure a Síartuü
The'
ion by the Bg")q'. Track system containin? a single command.
file t'or ex"ecut sirüpíy
command would
Image
invoke Li)SY5 wi th the desired banked
Fi le as an
An
such
arpunient
as:
LDSYS BANKSYS
<--
'Áhc-re
ZJ,'Ü\"!¿:
x}'$.}3'lti
iÁ
your
ti ji.:
Im: 2c
cited above \'v'Cjü id hi.'
In this case'. neme' oí' the' noríwj ini'rial izat ion sequencer.
'l"l"rt¿}¿
rhcmc
bu
Kjc)í
arm
s\"sre!'ii.
contained
in tñt- S:¶[a!"¿ul"'} íí'f"
only
the
executed
b,·L'\"Ñ.s\"S.}\Í(_; \í"c)u|cj ()'jc"á7".
uther opt ion.s abound and are lei't to t ñc c()rÍ¡B¡Llu i t\"
to im"í'nt na: ': co: íil"' i.rmz .!Qi?". a'íü sequí"ncí": -i.
4.5
\'¿"jg
i
:C'
Case
n
\\'_·
tO oi:
fe¿-¿": i_)É¿'. tuc'i
l
íl i'""
:·l[[t^'l"Il"p'q'("¿
co: "!$íl:i'.'reL.!
y(jurs: Ef!í
in
S}"w[("iit
F'robierric...
oí
l"
¿i
á!
'li, l
1"{"): "7
it
¡: drí;l}I"l:
\',,'j.á"!
PROBLEM:
banñt-' i" . :iyste'n'
.C..í
l-
j\: '"
¡'i"\"b"Ú\"tz¿rt"q
Hit,-.'"
".": ítj'r::'
hC
\"Üú
t")¿c-cí:
.teeii,
[('
íiCl1"ll\"
\'jñt rt' µ"c'lj
lost ' hc
U-'f-
{:,7rt:5
iui': c'
'qi:
("i}'
ixt
11')".U_í]
l!i?i("l\"e.i"Lc[í[i\"
ahí i :zy lo
l()!;'b '.ittjri..G
gt't
you
i"
.
¡(.3¿iL"]ij]2
.|'"j'.f
¿ÁTí
¿¿(l(.f¡"¿"Yg.t-'"·},
. . .
cmci
íoac!irí>"
itíz L!)S\"$. the screen clispiay>
halt
'n'ith the' last screen ci1spleíy!r)F:
baríkeci systeiii .
i"j
íc"
t!: t-' !.!'>i>
i',
s
Urít':
set
in the Fiox. S:iñCr
correctlu
t
ci
()ñc"
fsicj:
',.
itit€'ci
oí
newly-loaded
rem the
ispia'ied are pr
one
i
probleríí
bank
nurüher
s
s
cQmrl"Á')n
!-"
r
ms-t
r'i">.
incorrect
tlj17 thi
caumi
thu
set j
1
6Á?)
(see
Use the hidcien
that the
of FSPCNFG
selecuon
to
in Menu
banks.
he
and
hare
TPA
S\"Stéñt
Anot
bank
been
nuníbers
set
for
cccrect
r co[l}!í?c\n
Console
port. qi" a Aétt inp
of
probiein jq incorrect sett ingú fctr the
cause
Console
I()BYTE
device
other
than the ont indata to a
which directs
in Ue
:' iÁ'í-2\'t'G
and
IOBYTL
tended
Use Menu
the
console paranieto properly set the
$Ljn}f3t"l]il")L'
SOLUTION
-after the iasí
i"
ali
rmr
verily
this
.
ters.
boot froni or load a H/F' Bios symeni
the systeni attenipts to iQZ
irrúííediately after starting.
PROBLEM:
You
SOLUTION:
-- bi"irt.' and
hrirt' l'arr j t iün
Harci
22
Thi' most
common cause
clef
jc)i"'r.\" iú"i\"e
t ñt:
¿"jy,
Usla: cit'1\"t.
P
i"or
this
jmtion-í\Ñ were
\J-C.f
t"rom
ontm
a Hard
bri': e. ar6
Floppy brive
(-i.
is: that the des.i rcd
symptoni
swappeá
to define a karci
not
(See (}. l , Mena S t.cj eb: chI-in;"-'
j
B/P
INSTALLATION
BIOS
the desired configuration.
T)rÍre is activated
imruediately
desired as the A: brivc'.
cíi"i\"és
Hard
tcj
PROBLEM:
or
any
The
seems to
which executes a
"Never-never Land" and
into
goes
computer
program
similar situation
after booting wheri
A
satisfactori ¡y,
boot
Warm Boot
must be
but
{or entering
reset .
may exist
a Floppy
after a
Control-C),
wherú
is
drive
tew
a
proprartís
system
the
SOLUTION
This symptom is most often caused by an inability to access
--load the Command
This is most probably caused by assembi iñf'
Processor.
B/P Fjios with the
equate in DEF'-XX.LIB
set to YES when the systeI!l
:
and
FASJ"V\F.
contains
no extended
Number
bank
check
6
.
2 )
sett ings of the Bank
or incorrect
the hidden function in Bpc,r'pg,
memory,
sett inps,
use
k'urríbers.
Menu
l
To
(
set: ·
.
PROBLEM
doing a cold Boot froní a Hard Drive
to a !'ioppy L)]"j\_e before displaying
remains logµ'ed on the F loppy.
When
:
the
system
and
sages,
ltroní
the
goeb
SOLUTION
Power
up
or
siftñ
initial
Ñeset
orí
),
rues-
1'hi>i is mc'.st ofren due to
rour forg;euing to t'-uj rho Rljfi(»):
iú"i\'€'
fsocjt system
on the Hard
appiyinµ
with 131-'SYSGt·.X.
Nor',\'.i
crt'.: ttt'd
ttO\j: b\"S contain a í'íopy"
.li'. sysíeins
l.'isk tiOÜt sector Uiic!.
t s逷
HL)t5()(-)'!"
". i
load
t!íc" ini t i,,: ')rt'rsn iti ' System
fj"oñ? a F!opj^'y.
(). g l ni{): _j
-,
i-i:
a
reccm"i
fies'
on
spí'cii"tt·d
ircl brive L'nit sc) that the Operat!n? !?\"Btt: ::}l
1)1"
i :> iC)¿"i("jC'r: l 1 rorii a l]¿g;"\":
then
i\'ú . Run H!.)F{l.)¿)'T on t!"te besi rcci llarci
u'-.t'
F:í'¿_:?\'FC";
(
'
irismrc
i'.et' (}.
íc)
that thídrives are pc)sitlon[": 1 a: ', c¿t:'j-1rt-'(j
l31enu S )'.
--
:
utiiiÍj"
ml
li
aiter
tli
it
!-
thi:
brire.
logicíj
PROBLEM:
:st
r'Fi!"i["'
-- i
(":cjn>o
9ood
e
in-
tÍ"K'T1
:',ysieiíí.
PROBLEM
ítít.-
.
¿"l"!a1"¿±c'tF'i"g.,
SOLUTION:
1'hi'.
prol.)al_) :
most
.
Usc.-
it.
\"
:
"hang'
'ihen
or
"
POt"¿
runnin>'
lock uj""'
SOLUTION
cÜñsQié
m"stem
either
doesn't
otten dút-" to incorrect
t a rat ú . or CPl Clock
(g
iset (). 2 ) i"c) aü ju: -ñ the'
attenticm
to k1t: ñü ! (CPl'
ñkc>í
t he ha
FÉ'CGi
particNar
Pay
and S€rj¿i]
s\"5íé[Íí.
('I()íí\"'i'L
to
bí"oí
'M?ci1
r¿"i: "l?E"
bata
F: atU!;
displm'
s¢'ttin?,s;
an\"c!)jFi?.
for thú
bocit
requency.
sett iñft> on tííZ'
CjoCÉ: Kate'l and
f'
l)í"
cu.r: "en-t
rotí: a
PrOi: ·}tj?ll:
\iúnu
}
f
i
.
a i"uí Ly-banked
the s¿ysteríi on
system
exi t
with
2.
ZSIX)3
some
pro,gra!!i$}
f.ÚE!ñ
.
One of the most common
symptom
is \\'iüí tRz.
sources cjt
where
the author used code which assumes that the BÍX_)> and
Coniniand Processor
are oÍ" a certain size, or bear a fixed relationship
to th: -'
adGresses
(I.
\cjü
in paµe
most
may experience
often when using an IYG
huí
|j\" answerir1?
systein
nis to the Autosizing query in BPBUILIJ (see (-). l ).
To compensate
for such i i l-behaved programs, you may use a two-step bui
:
proces>)
as
-application
this
:
program
this
ir
tí
ii
This
g ))
Lse BPEJUij-h to create
nia.xiniizes
íiCí piacinp
F.íecute
B!"Fl'-1í
¡j.'
¿git in
an
the
file answeringhiph
kesident Eios
IMG
with
YES
as
an
argument
oí the
as
to Autosizinsz on exit.
possible in rrtemorv.
name
you
£zá'."é
to
tht-
t
23
ii·t
!y.sT.A.LLha"!n!-4'
just created
e-wt with a
systen"t
El/P
abcr: c'.
( aI"ria8'€!
segments
at
V\'l} I
ccmstant . but
if' possible.
down,
24
Ei(:
s
tniní'f: ji¿ttc'!Y
This loads [he tiÚt inition Í'J"Oñ"l the í\Xí Íilt'.
:\'c)
YT: S U)
and
and
answer
kc'turn.
píacum
Iq Autosi zing.
standard locat ionx.
This procedure keeps thí" bier, addrc->.ii
ñ1o\'é
of BljOS and Co!nnícznc]
Pi"oc'es>oi'
tht' start 1ti2X a(jdl"esseA
'
CI-'/M
usw-i
simulate'
standard" sizes
in
2.2.
tú
B/P
PROGRAMMING
BIOS
For
niost
B/P
for
Programming
5.
Bios.
l'i/P
CP/M 3
pro?rarI}n'linp
existim purpí'ses.
t'or
Bios is
ñcj
difterent tfmn tor
for a FJ/P Bios shou id
pro7ral1]s
tiren adaptinµ
standard CP/JI 2.2 B!()Ses.
due
to the close siIr,ilarit\' retained with the correpresent no preat hurdle
however.
is
The power
of a tW'P Bios interface,
sponding extended f'unct ions.
produce
combined
portable software across a wide
features tcj
in using the
platforms tn' exercising all of the B/P Bics features in
varietr" - of hardware
o!
concert . This section describes the interfaces available to the prog,ranímer
usjn? the B/P Bios, and the functions avai}able to ease direct floppy
a systeni
and hard drive accesses
in a consistent manner.
for specialized programming
flaws which we considered in CP/M Plus was the o: i:t
the architectural
We
BIOS access
designed B/P Bios to be ag.
was handled.
way in which direct
funct ionai ity
coxpat ihle with CP/M 2.2 as possible.
yet provide the expanded
To that end,
needed
direct interface with BIOS cail~
in Banked appl icat ions.
follows CP/M 2.2 conventions as much as possible.
OÍ'
One
as.suníe sonit' Í'am.i tiarity with the- basic C!'/'!
fol iov, inp pages Qñ pro?ral}lUtin?
thú
asseníhíy
ianpuage, s ince fc is: beyond
tundamentn! e,, arícl \\ ith ZM/ZJ m
j
O!"
ag."'t'n]i":
in,'",
manual
and
ski Is. to present an
qui" li terary writ
intent
:y
,
this
pro;"raniníinµ
Shot' !c! ycw need
addit ionaí assistance in tniq arec.
tu[c)!"lal .
bib! io?r¿1[jhy tor reference' mcer Lá .l .
please reí er Iq) the annoú'ítc"'i
The
Bios
5.1
Table.
jump
wizlíin : ' HÍ'jS
j(í JUIHj'8 tu various t"uncrion"·,
i
ru"orides tilt-' b(ís}].: func't ionaj ty.
It jncjude,¶ the conípje[€· Cj-'/j Z.
3
Ct"'/31
P}i-'S)
CP/M
nic'sí
M"Qüénct
ui' the
faka
entry points (aühouµh sc)r ..'
.
c!if"íer in paraníeter orcleríi'íg ancl/or í'é$zi g)te}" usawí } . arid p.é\\ entrv poiritx
t(")
neecied
hanü le hank in;: - in ¿i Clj!): 4 ist€'jjt and Jogica ! nianne r .
The
anti
FsH)S
Jun.j"'
'tah!t·
ck)nj":
ist:Í
'
'
oí
c'cm":
t"""fiñt$
CI a "ía!Ae
of Abso!utc' í-ijr"té .'iunips p! Ácécl at ti"iú
the" executable
Inúmc'.
Paranieters are passeci
to tñu !" ÍC"B ! !'1
spt"ciÁc
nú'eckci
To
operation.
avoid future' cQr|{r'atib¡!'t)"
á.r
for the
\;_)
?I"c)i_)
ltüí"t: ': , SíA"té u!" the p"round
inciuc:
Eiios con.stz"ucticm
ru les
OÍ"
cñ"
l :
! l
,\ i
tsios
ancí
a
a
fnciex
resu
re?i stt'rs a>
cal s.
al terar ion
ternate o!"
'\iü .:--"1
i-),
re?ig5[t-'ry
beiñfz
sreci
dÜc'u1r|ení,2t
rñc
Preserveci/i.'naí! ecíeci
in
ion as
bio.s entry points a,u:
in
returnt-C tcj the c'allitíj' proprarti
entry stare.
}ji(j: > entry
|)eµjnnin?
re?istcrs
i",l
c:A
for
li
i
)1
Enter:
li
their
Furction
I)
e:
C)
(xx'jíj
Cold
)
y
i
None
i)
I)
Exit:
ij
Lx.ecution
resumes
at
jy·.
1&u: :j"
t"_(._;lc"j
>ttírr
'."F'._C-I'¥'p'!"1t1.¿·!j.
init iaii: ':aímn
and
points:
CPR
))
))
Uses:
i'-\"rt"c'tt
t.
))
I)
None.
I)
l)
Boot
All
Registers
first executiom
on the
To the lO!'
Oé\"icé
,juirí;'
The
rahle.
jump amunienz
fc:
reamón
7'"hc
2f
i
PRCKMAMMNS
this
E3,'!·'
BlC)S"
[g períorm tht: mirial ization is often placed in areas c'i
used to store system
later
intormat ion as a merúory const"ru"aare
code
ion
the iniriaúzarion
Attempts to re-execute
would thun
t
níeasurt".
OÍ"
and
in,structicms,
bytes
instt.'ad
executable
the systeni would
encounter data
most assuredly "crasiñ ' .
is tíiaí
code
wh!ch
rncwíory
performed durinp initial execution of the cold Boot coge"
initial 73 Environment if necessary, initializing am" Z3
such as an Extended
Named Direc'system
segments
Path, Flow control Package.
such:
iijg;
and
such
buffer
system-specific
of
as the locations
values
sett
tory
At Jocat ion Vector buffers
for KÁ\Í and Hard brive-s: and execut Iñf2 the bericú
The Cold
(see Function 21).
boot
routine usually exits
Initiafization routire
V¢'artt
by cMiniñ?
Hoot
Functicm {Function l) to set vectors on F'a"e U of
to the
the TPA memory bank.
other functions
Establishinsz
an
are:
—
Among
li
)!
Funct
jQ!"i
)
i 7':/-:D:3
"!
))
Enter":
li
))
None
Emt:
;.
Ii
.
i)
Uses:
r
:-
_=_
7É } '"
i'r()Í"'fg:
RiÚrllc"
"_
—
f1jnjtí|"): "l
-]:
:""\"
oí"
' t
¿í:
t': t
__
c:ji:"L":'·.
_
íjl'j
_
_
!Iz?
"
!2
i
.
::u
! ] l--i')L·h¿-L'."t.
'-!
'. i",
kt: ':z
Ail
}"¿,""1
_.
itierñ
ill'
tC
:'
g.';
|'7'i..),¿l'¿¡¡!!.
\"±CÍÁ2
))
_
l.
t;
,,_.
,irr!
t'
rc-íurns 1.\)
t rack"
i\"E
Mot opt io'"'
l./c)ci
l.'4.[erl:
Systetii
isCu :
C9i-..
'-,i<"t::
i;
¡ÜC'¿zt
iut:
t jjg'
.
K>.\
( Üti: tit ';ñ: 't
j"r
("' !"
!
:
il: m.L-\.:
ci
ír
n.'
:"
in
thc
..
" t-" j i -!)'ji}('i"'.'c'·: l [)i"L)>'
1"{-'t: L)r.
rairm i', : j l nú: - a! { c' i" t A > a.hkr: g, g Hu ?
("ií.'>-,t
l t"i.
SñC)'1
iI':s"LUa'-!. íÑ t'--'" tñt
iizat :ü:: á7"2Lliíi: j'iZ \jÍ thú JJiíii: ' \"c'CtOi" in thú ifiü ,
7 i"t"j
in the Cá"u gt "\': "{"("y: "¿,!!frt·
ht': "Á" r .
:
"7};]L';ij,'":
A)l·
:' C'Y¿'"i¿ tO!" if'
l i". l
'
! '
>..tu: 'íí
: ':n-ü
','r,Ái"ííi
i".t
','_1
Isl
c)':z
t"'":
e.níi
:
Rea
!mot
1c1l
us .
tn
',"ÜCíO"
'
the
.
i Ijl'
!1'"
1\"
i ü:
!'1'
ser}L22".¿lL"
>
'.',
'
'
:
l
"'
(-" c:t "I' '
":
Cl
c"
i\tj
ríiuíjt
'
u
t
i'f"
i k
'""
l'íí""
duíerm ii'ni
t
í' .
opc"i"ac
pcnñz: ',
t "ran
'Áji ¡"lü
'j"¿jr}l!
f.
)i
heg1Eters
,
]1];."'
>: \"])tZ'77E
citi'f aul [ cl
(): ""-·1".:1
1 I"Ol: t
i t
u-' :" ti"' 'g;¿",7: 'itt
I'jc')- M:
cj "CÜ'U'"' \',iti
,¿CU"G·¿;
L li) } ¿': -·,5
inií
1"l--
.
--—
None.
Execution rerurnz. to
))
¶
j:I
-
"
j|
jb·
)1
Warm Boot
ii
[
t'i::'
!"
a
t
(.)
!lít'ñ: . )1"\"
ttjif
íiorí
3(-.Ü.
))
Function
Z
Console
(j'Kl'Éj
InlA}T
I)
Status
j;
lI
i)
Enter:
Noríe
j
ii
l
,
i
jl
i
i
E>it:
!
Char
= CFFH
No Cnar
A = ¿j
A
it
Uses:
ii'
Ready,
Ready,
NZ
,
i)
Z
li
):
AF
_,;:
,
_
_
whether or not a character has
This funcí ion returns a f tag mdicaíine
C.ORy,Uj}
áé\"icce
sc iecteci by the' IC'F.YT!' on Pape t) cjf incentt"rttí trow the
'-, OÍ
fjañÉ .
'i"ijü rt'turn
gj[¿1[u"
i:
to cküet"mn-teri uxecl m' "rransi€'n[ Proµrarns
-, a'LÉellíl"te:
:
¿'¿'jé
'.G}
cu"
fíá:
i
tríe us': 'r
'áo;' prc)µr¿íni éít"t'út }cíñ.
'a
2E
bet':
'Íl
i
"i
t
!3,'!'
P!'1QGRAM!\Q
ENOS
t
l
P
l
l
Enter:
Console
(v.xÜ9j
3
Functzon
i
l
None
I
'
!
i
Exit:
A = Masked
Uses:
AF
!t·!c
t;
l
Input
;:t.
—l
l
Input Character
!
l
i
This function waits for a character to be entered froní the c: onsole deuict'
selected by the IO'JYTíi on F'mte U of the TPA Bank. and returns it to the cal!1_j,¿
ing routine.
Accordiñfz to strict CP/M 2.2 standards. the Most Significant
bc'
of the input brte must
set to Zero. but this may be altered by tÍ"ÁÍ iI)!ju1
mask for the (_ cnsoie beUce.
')
'""
Funct"íon
(
4
xxOC)
ir—))
Errrei":
--—--—
C
Character to
=
l
i'
--_
jT'i',
C".'j';Y7
"JJÍ\-'l
t""'
|:
1t."g
nek-'L'f-jS: ¿] ',
! li
[ !"ic i; íí¿,:
" "
i
_
):
C:
íeu:
=
-
-
.
"_
"
( :c-".jy
-
_.__-_.
___..
-_.__-_
vn!i
--— =—
-
--—m---—
—_-
_—-—
)
-= " "
C,7gT[¿c:
_
_
ii"
g
ie·"! character
to the Cc"jñ>oi€" '.'erice dút mud 1?\" thú
',
}[
l in- TI-': Han!:
watt !"ca" ihc (i€'"\._i¿'t' tu i)£-: 't)!:lr-'
lié(:
¿j,·
"j]¿"ÁTactci".
áñt! vi . ! : Fid y. é l)7?':
l!z: \.":L- >e'jz?!in,2 t
.
i']
"(":-:L'i" t'c'","j') l. ont Lz'a["atj"7]
i c)l
t t- üt.'i ! t- 'j ¿f .7 ¿¡j} (.}u: -l}j:: .
NEA
----
Uses:
ae
j!
": p¿·ú"lj
Te!"
C'ev
ii
e-
None.
li
f
|1
'"" - -E:
Exit:
))
")'
ii
.
¶c'ñ: "t"· a
F'ai'c' C) '.ij"
"""" " "
Functícm
l!
li
"
:ü'"1
"""
" --
II
or,
! !
l
r t? xÁi y .
r-.pcúi: i
if
to
Ccmscj e
u
li
!
send
"_ '_" "_""_il
Conscje Oútíjct
"""'""
"" """_'"""__
._ _
to
semi
' '""'"ir
to
(Printcr)
i
Ii
)1
=-_-
-E>:
zt:
ÜséEÁ
—=--—==__
N': me.
__
Lzst Úuzpur
-_
__ ==—
jj
-_
~j)
,,
j:
I!
af
i:
"i"hn:
j'ur}¿'tiL-.?n í'\"j]] sc"ñd a spc"cit'ied character
to
clef irítA by the JOJCYTL
on É'a,zc (' of the TPA Bank.
it" ríg"ceg>sary.
het"ore
sendin,z
to bc·cür,ie i"éáj\_.
the
&>
specif icíj in thc Character 1Nric"e Corii'iguration
_-- ==í
-__-.: ,
the
¿,is.t
!)E?u1ce"
(i'rintcr
"
It will wait for the cié\'jÉ"¿
character, and v\'i ] ! ñiá: ':k :
for the Output cié\"icc'.
!
n";
m. Ñ
PROGRAMMI
NG
B/P
BIOS
it
I)
l
Function
6
(XX12)
liary Output
Auxi
'
'
Enter:
C
Character to
=
Auxiliary
send
DevjcE'
to
)
)1
Exit:
None.
Uses:
AF
'i
l
i
Ij
This function will send a specified character to the Auxiliary Output Device
defined by the IOB\"1"E on Pape O OÍ" the TPA Bank.
It will wait for the device
to become ready. if necessary. before sending the character, and wi LI niask it
in the Character Device Cont"igurariori for the Output derict.
as specified
li
)
\
l')
i
Function
Enter:
7
(x>.:
Auxi
15)
li
li
None
P,
l)
Exit:
A = Masked
Uses:
AF
liary Input
)
l
,1
Input Character
R
I)
ii
jí
i
This function will read ¿j charactcr Í"roiii the A.uxiliarí" Input r)€\"i£€' dútineci 6"\"
the TOBYTI- on Paµc L) c) !" the T!'..', Lian! .
It witt wait for a character to 1)(j'
}
nía: ü:
:
2"7
specified in thc Character I"ieuice coni"i?uTatjc)n
receireci. arñ \\'ii
1
cic-\"ic'é.
for the' 1np'.ií
li
l)
ji
ii
Furlct]on
Enter:
_
£'
"_
(: ·:X1ú)
'"__
_
_"__"
Neme
-__
l
Exit:
None.
Uses:
AI
i
ji
li
—
,ll
'
,
—
Home
"—-"ai
Drive
heacjs on selected
moved to Track C).
l)
I)
drive
i
Primary Registers
.
li
i)'
.
i'
This function \\"iií position the head(s) on the selected drive ic) Track (j'.
In
and is siwplv a keturn.
useful
no
action,
Bias,
This
operaticm
perforníx
ij/i'
Pending \\"rite p'itrµes and head reµositioninµ is handled by the inchí"iduai
device drivers {Specif'ica! ly Sot' iect Drive funct ions) .
28
B/P
PRCK-;RAM!\A|
BIOS
'
I
Select Logical
(xx1E3)
9
Function
l
i
Enter:
i
l
)
C'6ve
= DesireC
(A=Ü. .P=151
C
I
i
l
)
l
l
'
(Success)
Exit:
A
<>
(No
Uses:
C),
=
A = O,
HL = C)
Drive)
l!
li
Drive
I)
':
NZ
l
Address
DPH
Hl
!\'G
!
Zero (Z)
i)
Ali Primary Registers
This function selects a SPuC'ifiéd
logical drive as the current drive t'o vi"hÁ-'?i
ref"cí".
disk operations
If' the operation is successful,
the Disk Paraníc'tc'r
-.
fOPl-í,)
3
of'
Header
addres: i: returned for later deterníinat ion
the unit pararü'-'unkncñ': n c: ["
operen ion fai Is Í'q1"
the
drive.
any
reason
(non-existant
t ers
If
bad media.
izi
Í'j"
\"áiÜt'
Zero
pointer
that the" ciñ\ t.returned to signi
etc l, a
ti"íÉc:
bt'
]"c)u2j!
bier",.
acc¢",xc'(!
tt
annot
)')
))
újñcticÉ",
jl
i
l)
l2'
"_
ESíté'"'
ÉRJ
-
l)
(>jiZ.)
Select
"
— "" ====._
"_"_
Desi l"é'tj ' l"á;
t:
N¿ÁTltie!"
jl
i)
I)
')
ji
|1
—
"ñii.f
t lOll.
F.:eaás
NOTE:
l>.'-i:
—
_-__.
fUr: .jti¿jía "Áü_"/íc-",
¿.i Sl"i:
7ho' 1¿;: '-.{ \"átü'j .SZOÍ't:
áj,ci i'g"iü±>,.
-
\'Y!)!ít£
ct>j
y=—
;:
-_=-—_
"
! ')
¿i
ib-LÁT
""
.t" Enter:
11
í>:
í.O>"ic: Z!
\\izñ íF}]: -3
\"¿íj-µ;· is. 7rr'cCiÍl£'¿í
niü".t cI j "¿\"ü r :- .
.
g:::'i
EtC
=
bestre2 Sector
L'jsÉ
NOTE:
Reads
'YZÍíii€
lb-bitsji is
an.i
¿i
\irites.
Hr-bit
u,",ücl
1!")
a sr?ci!"iecj
\Áíttíc
síorecj
ReMsters
n'jnfl)€'r
for
function
v\'i
:j'¿;
-
Num
saved
Number
racn
IIi,iíCÉ:
:X
Li
tuím"e CÍlhi
tlít: - óñtj U4tj'¿
a
this Íunction,
-——-—
r""""""""""
Exit:
)
l
This tunFtic)rl stores
The íaíít
opc'rat ion.
No
for
)
"
)!
Useíc
T
_
'íiecÉ
.'
None.
!Í
u
li
e,
i'
))
l
""
, ,
Fur: 'cT7ori
l)
in
u: -.t;' .j
_.=—-—:
Exit:
Traci.:
Uses:
No
i"
-"
SeÑxn
"
None.
L]r)ei¿jit'j i)í: ..l
luiu
tñí
cmig
Sector Numer
'".\"{: .
i)
)'
¿>2CtOl"
""""_""""__
I
i'
'(}:
t:'
_""-—_"'lí
))
saved
f
ii
Registerúí
Logical Sectcrr Number
with this functicm will
value ix speciíied for this function.
ail ] Joppr bisk and most Hard and RAM
tor
be
on1y
bisk:
a
thc:
tht-
ilnure
one
dís: t:
j:j
usea
Iouc'r
dr}\"c'I,e.
7:
29
·rtt'
PROGR/LKAMlPlG
B/P
"""i
"
l
i
Function
12
(xX24)
Set
Address
DMA
BlO"'
tor Transfer
)
__)
Enter":
BC
Buffer
=
Starting
Adai-
Exit:
None.
Uses:
No
Address
DMA
saved
i
)
Reg7sters
)
This Function stores a specified address to be used as the Source/Destination
The last value stored vc'ith this function
for a future disk operation.
Y\'jj] bt
VCrites.
Reads
banked
used
and
Bank
iri Disk
the one
selected
In
systeriís, the
for the u:ansfer may be altered bu Function 28.
I)
I)
Function
13
{Xx2K
Disk
))
Read
i
Enter:
))
'i
Exit:
None
L
l
,)
li
Uses:
Errors
it
it Errors,
Primarr' Registers'
A = U, Z
A = Non-Zero
Ail
No
q\
jl
NZ
¡I
-
Tí"ii
func't
g.
by
set
isttu"
lr_'_
¡i
I-QMG
jQ1""i
a
reacb'
cal
Furl¢jt|cl: ij,
tQ t he'
A=t) ] j' ít: é opc'i"at Jul 'j: ¿ij.
'i-ii
"'="_
_
"
14
Funcúon
i'
,[
ii'
ii
C
=-
1
C'
=
C'
I)
aajre".s
succcs:
f'rori, the' bi.>7'..
th Funcí jg'i 1 2 .
kün-Zero if" 1".rrcus.
S&CtOf
"n"i
!':(.'[
j"ul
.
""""""""""""""
Trac'R añil
('n ret u rn
S: -".;
_
for imír.eciiáte
tor buttereo
write
wt-itÉ.
Él
li
E:
I)
;j
tit:
Uses:
occt'rrúci.
it
Erroi-s
it Errors.
Primary Reg7ste"s
A = U, L
No
A
"- Non-Ze: "o
Ail
tOl"
F.ki -
,
"i)
e
i'
:
""tík
)i
Disk Write
(X>ú/'ií
__
Entei_:
].2b-rc"'.e
l)
NI
I),
u
function 1'.":"itc^$., s Ü: ±icÁi ¡2: i-j")\"[e
sector to the Dist . 1"racE: arm 3CC\Ájl
f"roni the acÉtiress, set \\"itt"i Function i2.
by Í'úñcT loni-,
If' F?eµ"is.túr
-:h
(.
s
t
oí'
-t
immediatu
and
VY'í"
performea.
=jj. rhc"
the bios but"ier
lu:
flt:
clue'
Ec'
'-he deb!ockinµ.
1Tiá\"
he ckim"eci
"i"his,
S,z: "l
an
y\'1"
't-ll
í=i.
i!
ite
l)
Function
15
List Output Status
(xx2D)
il
))
Enter:
))
None
I)
'i
li
k
-_
Thii'
3t B
Exit:
l
;
t'un'¿tio!"í
1"¿'türrí·3
f
_
a
j'j¿"g!
ini: ljcaí]ng
Uses:
A
ready
tor
it
Output Character
it Printer Busy
= OFFH,
A = O,
AF
N2
=j
li
7!
ji
Z
)i
l)
)1
|1
—
whether or not the
_
printer is
--rea.dr
to
El/P
PROGRAMMING
BIOS.
accept a character.
It uses the'
which pW'sical device to access.
]OFjYTí-.
TPA Bank
of the
U
Paµc'
on
to
deterrfiinc^
l
Function
I
!
Enter:
j
BC
DE
16
Perform Sector Translation
(xx3Ü)
= Logical
OT
= Adclr
Sector Num
Trans Table
Exit:
HL =
Uses:
All
l
Physical
This function translates the ijo/zical Sector Numher in register
at present ) to a Physical Sector number usiñfz the Translation
!'roni the DPii and addressed
by 1)Í..
tht.'
CP/fif 2.Z-corüpiiant
portion of
]cm"s>
rc)u?h!y
iCÁ
ol'
Juñir-.
nc^:
fol
those
entry
corre'cti(71':
f. 1\-) 'n"h:
ii'e r\'rcti'i\"ed ío he áef'iciencleq
cY:
and st ructurcm
it:µ pai"amc't±r".
This:
en,jk
í
strict
g.qj"
ñ
ti
T-F"u:
"icticm
if"""""'
Enter:
i)
17
s
(óñí\" t: uscti
7ab!e ot'tainc: i
B("'
"
Eiio:
in
hut \iitñ
inconsistencies
in ti"tt'
Juiiip
3.
C:P/:'·'l
""==jj
"
))
?\:3!_'le
li
l)
Exit:
):
I!
li
Q.':
'7ru'-,
leúítA
outrut
"
íct
,"1
P)'.
(?ñ
""'"" r€tuTÉ7'2
the
TC'íñ"ñ.
ch?,í"¿"i¿"tc'r.
"==—
Pa;""
"""==——: ===t==
Function
Enter:
i"i: í"
jc'.
(XX3G)
1r¡(jj¿¿jt
u or
""==-
in"
thu
—
'?,'Íle[!]er
TPA Eia:
L
)
Exit:
Uses:
i)
l)
—-==—-_
. ,, ,
oí"
"í!"
j;
|1
i).
"
)1
it
A9"
li
li
lj
not tnc console ¡)Ú\"i¿t'
is i"emií" iq accept ,'íñz\Z
—— ——""—
_'
Au>:
i Íiary
i
l
,
__ it
A
Usem
Output Status
Console
= ÜFFH, M
Reaay Td!" output cha:
E.uz"y
Ccmsoie
G. Z
=
A
—
)
None
i'ií/-
7";Li.).¡t?.
the
used
and
Console
(): >¿3'3)
m
li
)
li
—---—lj
"
)
r"
i
II
Registers
Pr7mary
l
Il
Num
Sector
"
Input
if
"
Statuz"
A = OFFH, NZ
Aux
has character wai
A = O, Z
No char
AF
if
Input
ting
ready
Xl
1-)· !
'"'" "Él
I)
l
)
)
))
i
This f'unct ion returns
selected br the JOFñ'Tlj
a
on
flag,
Page
indicating
O
of the
whether or not the Atíu: iliary
has a character 't'aiting.
Input
TPA Bank
31
PRCGRAMMING
(
)
__='"==ii
__
Function
19
(XX39,)
))
Auxiliary Output Statu£
)
Enter:
FIJOS
E/P
!
)
None
Exit:
l
:
)
l
i
Uses:
a = OFFH,
Ready
A= O, Z
AF
tCZ
h
it
Aux
Aux
Out
tor output
it
"""" "'"i
l)
Output 'l
char'
Busy
)
I
li
This function return a flag indicatinp
whether or not the Auxiliary Output
selected by the TOBYTE on Paµe L) of the TPA Bank is ready to accept another
character for output.
I)
))
Function
,!
||
2C'
(
Return Pointer
xx3C)
"_""_
__"None
Enter:
""__"_"_"
)
ii
li
|1
jf
__ _
-
_
__
l!
to Device Table
Exit:
HL = Adar"
Uses:
HL
"_"
Cit
Device
__"7i
T?jÑE
li
jj
__
__
_"
c(: }r¡"esroÍ]c!'.,
This funct ic/ñ ]"\")',l7h}","
t,j an an&jo2¿jug. Cij'/"f Piu> funct ion ai [tíQUz}:
.
The Character
U) 1ái"'je
cons-i: ',:±. ué
prccisc" bit cit'f"m: iou:: \"¿íF\" scm-"'t:'"mt .
(:
:
\"):s:Z,
}
niií>'.É:
ach Mc'j an input ancl outrci:
anti XL'!..
!'!1).
four dt: n"ic'e>:
\\vj;,
.
f
;)g'("í¿L)c(7l
:\.'
ia;-'s .
ñ/.é""j,
dat,'i
I\üi ¿jj] citS ir'.c'ti sn.uin,t" 'c n".
rat e .sc- t t iI)g>. an'!
hañci>há! mg. eíc j' may bí' fu} ly iFi!'lt: ¡]!c'!1tecl in a.,zcl: ': t-':'Mcm.
áñ: _í -X': .':':./X'. "!JI
hr'
t""t"Ñ"
iaú-r"
c?'.r{i!'l>iL"¡[í c"tÜtt usc.
¿i'."¿Ii]al"}:
Ú
are
t
T: =======_
)
"
Funct7Q!",
2'1
(x: ·ú7"
Irritialize
jl
i:
-
))
"
Enter:
None
|1
CL
I)
i"
NÚ--—---!'
Exit:
i)
--—-
üses:
_None.
Oevic.é¶
-Ir|it1a1izat1Qn
Ali Primary Registere
li
I!
ii
done
I)
jl
li
¿
-
settings anci orhe.r Í"unciions whic'n ni: u"
a
Ccmi"iµuraticm L"íiiiíy.
It i': an extended version of the correPius', l'uncí iori.
Ti: . pririi: "iry use is to restore 1() cont igurat ions.
,suc!"í
by
¿":.t
raranleLE}"s
clock íate. "n'ait states. etc, after atteratiori
systeni
v,"F: ii-']"í
thu
anti
smh as many rnodem proµrarns
di tc"c: ly access harchi'are
projzrarñs
í
i l
TSF'(': CFC:
(u.et'
Ut
6.2}.
it\".
conf"iµurat iün
This function
be varied tn'
CÚJl
spondinµ
32
iríiuai izes
(: h¿tT¿icEer
TO
B/P
PROGRAMMING
mos
l
Function
Enter:
ZZ
(Xx4Z,)
Return
Exit:
None
HL = Address
Table of
Uses:
DPH
Pointer
of
start of
DPH
l
Pointers
HL
i
This function returns a Pointer to a table of
ter Headers for Drives A-P. A Null (O0OOEI)
defined at that loµical position.
l6-bit pointers
entry
means
to Disk Paranic'that no drive is
"7
(
Function
'
)
Enter:
23
(xx45)
!
!
None
;
:
i
I
i
_
This
:
_
'u!}cíic)[j
if___"__
Furiction
li
))
Enter:
,_-
jg.
24
tor
í
arí· bein;z
simpptj . Of rnc'ciia isí beinp, c": chan>"eci whc't"i it i s poss, i!_) j u
ÜJkit ZM Upei"at inµ S;\": 'iIE"i, i\i
ii not detect tht: chanµc'.
1__—: ===="
l
"""""""_=="
25 (XX4É3)'
Fur,ction
l
l
l
Enter:
-HL
l
i
Perform Possible
Start
= --
So'jrcé Address
Dé = Start (Jest Address
BC
= Number Bytes to Move
Exit:
None.
Inter-Bank
Data
is
Move
el
ii
li
i
moved
li
)
!
Uses:
Ali Primary Registers
.a
This function
k
number
moves the specified
of bytes beuc'een specified lOC¿i[iQ¡)j .
and Í)e.st inat ion banks
have
been pre\'ioulY
níoves . the Source
must
iy
specified í\'itíi an XNO\7: call (function 29). Note that thú Fi/P jnjp]em¿'Rt?lti(j:
í
üf'
. tunct 1c)i"! rt'\"ej"se$:
the use C'!" the !ji'. and I'll-. repi S>t€?l" pal t: - ] l"Cj!ñ Ü"1t-'
CE'/j'l 3 eLlui\_¿i iúní f"unc.t iori.
For
banked
thi:
33
PROGRAMMING
B/P
Function
Enter:
26
DE
C
Get/Set
Start of 6-byte BufT
C)
(to Get Date/Time)
1
(to Set Date/Time)
=
=
=
C
(xx4E)
Exit:
Uses:
Date
and
BIOS
Time
of Successful
Error or No Clock
if
Primary Registers
A =
A =
1
C'
All
This function provides an interface to programs
for a Rea!-Time Clock áriver
The function
in the Bios.
uses
in ZSDOS
format as
a 6-byte Date/Time striñfz
opposed
used
CP/M
s
Research'
fonnat
in
Plus for this funct ion.
to Digital
Also, This function must conform
requirements of DateStamper(tml
to additional
in that on exit, reµister E must contain the entry contents of (DE+5) and HI.
must point to the entry (UE)+5.
imp!ementinµ the clock
the actual hardware
If
second
increments. the current 1/10 second count may be returned
supports !/10
in re?iste!" I).
i)
)
Funct
i
'
i
Enter:
27
ion
A
=
(Xx51)
Desired
Select
Memory
Barii'·
li
lj
I
!
i
ii
)
Thi
Exit:
None.
Bank
in
Uses:
Memory
Bank
__Ji
""li
li
is in Conteít
range
IÉ
ii
Ü..7FFFH
q.
ii
AF
?
-
__
i ¿
funct ion selects tiíc' 3'leniory Esarik specif led in the A re,zistci" anti .make
adc11"e,s.?
tiC
',i"ñc"rí
Ii"")
Ut,C-C:
Since
ácti\"é in rhí'
charactcr
lüú\"
a
ramü {)-"FFni.
bank
other th,"ín the TP?- (\\ÍÚCtl contains the IOFñ"TLl is activated with ti\i: funct ion. tñt· R./í' LíiO>, áUtOtliCtÉ i'i>'i1 1\" ohtain±í the IOF\YTF.
from the i"í'.'\ hnnP. Eg:
I'.": '
"
'v'v"ith
cic\'"icés.
(
rm"a' te:
Qcc'cj'y'
insure' tlíat
íñc ciesired
s
m
i)
Fun¿tiD'2
):
22
jy: ·:5-?:'
"
Select
Memory
Bank
Tor
"
EMA
A = Memory
DMA
ii
for Disk
Transters
Bank'
Uses:
jl
This functicm selects
12
D.\'Z-\
(Set
Transfer
subsequent
Disk 1(").
3A
Exit:
l
a meníory
Acídres:
sl
None.
No
ii
))
I
Enter:
"i:
Bank
tor
Registers
Number
savtui
later Disk
IO
i
li
lj
Funct ion
with which to pertonr, Disk IO.
operates in conjunction with this .selection for
Bank
B/P
PROGRAMMING
BIOS
)
:
Function
ZÉ!
Set
(xx57)
Source
&
Dest
Banks
for
Move
i
l
'
!
Enter:
Ei
C
= Destination
Bank
= Source
Exit:
Bank Num
Number
None.
Bank
Nums saved
MOVE
Uses:
No
'for
operation
Registers
i
This function sets the Smrce. and Destination Bank numbers for the next
After a Mcn"e
is performed, the Source and best inat ion
(Funct ion 25 j .
Bank values.
TPA
reser to
are automatically
This
tions
the end of" the
to the B/P Bios table
marks
|1
I)
Function
3C
(xx5A
jumps
and
Plus "Type"
to support Banking, Direct
CP/P{
)
beRins
!0 and
Return
I)
BIOS
Mc)\"c
Ekíñksí
addi--
the unique
interfacinµ.
l:
jl
Addresses
l'
li
1|
1|
Erter:
!
Exi
lKcrie
l
ij
ii
ii
i)
|i
li
l
t:
Uses:
ii
-
A =
BC
=
de =
HL =
All
Version
of Bioe
of Bic.s
of Device Table
Primary Registeus
Ellos
Addr
Addr
Acicir
(Hex)
Base
cc: ññg
t
1k-t>t
[(_)
in"íUIE
Ál: írc"-.:-,
li
')
,|
y
ihisi j'"dT1'¿tic)'ti i"etuír: - \';j; lC.t: -í pomteí"ú ..) interna! FROS
data ari'¿}'-.
The EÉio: "> Versicm niay Ik'
íj'jos \í-·rs,ion !\"urlil)cl" as ind ícatcd abm"e.
dc ternn j}¿- cu r reñí: y cd' tlií: :,..\ :-..ú"lh sgt"tt·\'¿í
re, an·.i a'i li be used hy \"¿íj'iQtÚj
! :
.j¿'7,
l
ii.ir:
JhjZü:
pc)j>'il:
·í
ot
t\jj
tli';'
data c.orrupt ion añci/'or as ¿t';
uti cÁ
itj"
tc'í"
supported Í't'aturtm
Tht
i:
únd
ü,t>t.'d
i t.':
to
st.|: )rp(:).É"z
irí': i:cti'-
O!'
Z
Junip Tab le re[urnÚ¿:
Tilt" Fic"·
in remsíc'r íst..' is oi'íc'r: uuc '..
' :
i!";
tit-:
achit-ú"ed
i±,
E'/P
y"opci"
n,z
into tríe
data structuré-·>
i!
í": Z("'.")'\:.
the f\'£-ñí íhut a r1it")'· ' '¿:!i,.
ha" been added such as w)?cñ Tunni!)?'
v:
()(: )C'0lI nortüai
tííC:
ñicY,
ni le t!i: -· ¡';c.í1"rlj hi'c't juííii"' cU ñíc"iÍíc<\"
locat ion
iy points Ii)
Fkise+.7 .
i". rímí a!'Q\'a\'> IL']i¿íi)l€'. whereas
aiv,'a:
i's
function
return ¿i
value!$/Í·'
ií'ith
Fijo'..
true
that-
the
if
it
this
\\'iti
Registí'm m and FU. return pointers which are of value to program-s which a}[t: '1"
The pointer
or configure \_aj_:Q\]s I3ios parameters.
to the configurat ion art'a
of the 13ic: > should be used in wilities as opposed to indexirjz, from the' st: _·,rt
of the Bios Juiüd Tabie since- additions to the jump Table or insertion of othc"i'
The pointer
data mil at'i"ect the' Conf"iµurar ion Area s[artin? address.
irí iii
is ami iable for use in systems which may contain more than four character ]{/
OÍ"
devi cex.
This pointer enables exchan?es
devices to place desired {]e\_icL·71
in the first f'ouj" positions of the table rüaÉ: inµ them available for selection
\"i a t ht' Tc)F¢\aÍ¿ .
After any alterations
are made to the devices. a cali to thi
Úé\"í ce l."(jl!Í"}pLji at ion Üicjs Funct ion
ti should be made to activate the' i'eaíure>.
3.5
PRCGRAMMING
FT OPPY
D!
SK
E3,'P
mos
SL¥FLNCT fC)\'S.
Function 31 permit,s icm'-level access to Floppy and Hard Disks lvia SCSI intt'i"face) bv specifyin.z a Driver Nurnber and desired Funct iorí. whi le sorúe haríN'are
types do not suppoi"1 ali of rhe parameters specified.
particular!r Íor rIc)rp\"
Drives, this. architecture
may
supports all types. a]thou?h specif ic systeriís
Format
ignore certain funct ions.
for example.
In this manner,
a sinple
proand other
gram
supports NF.CÍ765, SMC9266. WD1770/!772/179X
control Jer types
with widely diff'erin7 interfaces.
Floppy Disk functions
are accessed by
and
entering a i \7Áüé
into Repister B (Floppy Driver Nuniber)
the desired
function number in Reµister C. then jumpin? to or cal liriµ RIOS Entry jürrtp
number
3í
.
i:
i
l
l)
bp
ll
Floppy SubFunction
Ente":
A
B
)i
(Xx5D)
31
Funct7on
)
C
=
=
=
Set
for Double Densitv
tor Single Density
ff
1
(Floppy Driver)
O
(Subtunction #.)
C)
This rut't inc- es.taMisb-es the Density
Control ter fcr Read and 'Á'ritú ¿íC'CCSSuS
Si:'c' and }l{)t(: É1"l anti 3 (Set µ.€-clo1"' hm"e
li
I!
L:
t'lj
)
li
U
"""
31
(XX"O;í
Fur!ctiD!"',
Floppy SubFuncbcm
""""""'""
"
Enter' A
I)
=
I!
;j
I!
|¡
¿
=
El
=
C
=
"")
i
i
)
i
__j
Exit:
None.
i.
ii
AF"
))
Ii
Uses:
I
j;
'
l
li
it
opc'rat íjñ.
assumtr-,
that
cal lea first.
Set
FlopW Msk
níocií'
of'
bet-'ti
of'
thc·
SubFunct
I"!op;'y
T'i:
icñ-í
{' úc'
—"
&
Motor
i
'" "
3C'C'
x?
t
" -,;
li
----—'
Pa: -m¶.
I)
1
I'
"'T "
C)
rpm
to"
llj Exit:
fe" Tor 36Ü rprr' l:8"/H[I.]ij
¡i
rp"
Uses
tor Mcul?'" Control,
C)
ii" Mcjícy" aiwavs orí IIS
li
1")?sl Prive G1zé
t'
I)
i (Floppy 2'"iver)
li
1
(Subtúnctum #1
__lt
"
Mode
l!
j;
I,
Floppy Read/Write
C)
""
"""
(norma'
"
None.
:
"
"
"
""""""
i'
j|
tii
Ai"
j;
li
1·
i:
C,
l
l!
__lí
This rout ine esta!jiisheA sonie of' the physical parameters for a Floppy Drirú.
S.2S"
and .3.5"
The norm!
disk drives holdin? 400 or 8(J() kt) or less rotare ai
Man-y
3(!() rpm
ot the newer drives can increase this speed to 360 rpm which isthe rate used on olcit'r S' floppy dI"i\: e'E.
This is the speed used on the "liiµh
The A register is used
Í"c.í"n!eíttec})
l .2 É46 l1Tj\i
5.25" cij"i\"és.
Ijensity"
to
Register I) is usc'ci
indicate thc ftísteut speed capable on the specified drive.
the Motor is always On, or will start and stop periodicalto indicate whcthc'r
n¢}rni¿3i
1\"
]
This,
:
tiséíi Fy the Bios to delay for a period before \Kritin?
u.
if
s
u")
'
snojY"'cd
l}í(jtc'/:
al 1c)'a thc· diskette to cortie up to speed thereby ÑiÉiis
the
Fzeµimer
i i: -: used
icm.
ríji7?nµ'
c.ha: )cc-:] O!" data cÍ_)1"l"uf7t
to indicate [Y)t¿j pl"íµ> l3E
EI/P
PRCRF?AM!.A
BIOS
a!
v\'!íi
le a I j
type. thc:
parameters
NOTE:
called
0()jB=S:
bis!'.,
am C)=iiard
Nothinµ is returned from
llic(}i¿Á
OlIR=.3 .S".
c:
SlZC
this
0!013=5.25"
" Drive.
INC:
¡jí"i\"c,
arS
command.
funct loris may not be supported on any spec if' i c c-oníp'¿!. e'interface from usinµ pI"oµ,ranLs should íílwayx pass, tht' ntcexsary
for compatibility.
of"
these'
This rout ine
first.
Cal
that
routine
assunic's
thix
j
SubFuncticm
2
Heaci
(Set
before cal ling Function
O
and
(Set
Drive
j
has
been
Mode).
ii
Function 31 (Xx5D)
Floppy SubFunction
_
,
i
Enter:
A
B
'L
=
C
=
,
i
#
!
I)
cog€': .!
('\
T-
Suhfú:
rout :nc'
in i":it.
!it: ii':É
'ít
G.
imí
iÁ
!
:
eúnc'u--.t
Li
A.
"
i"!: -i[")i-.
, -
lie,..
!!,'.:
!
(
j
] i
já
)
Drive
and
I)
t"n
',üüi re?¡s}í(-r
: '
.
g'j'
I)
::
t: ":
Exit:
None.
Uses:
AF
li
b
i:'
tj;
';
,1
J
_
Thi y
Head
2
(Bits 0,1)
Head # (Bit 2)
1
(Floppy Driver)
2'
(Subtunction #)
Drive
=
i|
Set
.
:':.'[i]i:'i.tlí: -' l7[!)l';":
.·'.
i
i ".j
-,
=
()!
-J
. .
rt'turm"cl
¿(i
the r!(ji)l?: t'
containin:
t
rii¡: )jr|}iL'z"'
i
=
["ü!í:
i ))
an: i
.
thi
".
FkI"()'í!¿·¡,}-'
Úié'
tuiií
f'uncí ion.
11)
nuiiiM-
i iji rtj;
fj'-'¿í:
'.tí
F"it: -l);,'í
th
! i
:"
2
: '-
¿j¿'gLjÁ,'..-_".
,
f
I)
FUl"¿tiC/'_|
{>'·53"'
ÉÜO7-í")'
£'L'Z.2u!zk2[1c|:" i:
li-"-—"---—""
Jf
"----l)
/\ = Phyíu cai Sector Ñumt'er)i
Enter:
ii
i)
l) = Phváical Sector Size
li
i)
e. =
Last Sctr # on Side
I)
)1
E =
1
(P1o??\"
C'river")
))
i:
C =
3 (Subtuiaction #)
li
it
This':
Set
jj
FIoDpy
Fljuk
Node
t
if
-
Ex7
t
Usem
:
—
-—-
—"-"
)1
None.
i:
i
AF
|:
r'
i:
,,__
ij
__'-
routine estaF'iishw: ini'orniat ion needed to proper í\' acce: '.s. a spcciñ ¿·'-t
On erití"y.
sector unariibiµuously '\i'iíi"i a nutíiber of different controller
trpes.
Re?ister A contain: : the desired phvsical sector nunibcr desired. II contains thz
sector sÍ7t: where O = 12>? h;: tt-' sectors, 1 = 256 .. 3 = 1024 byre sectors. and
rcontains'.
X"ormal ly reg.ister F is unused
thú last sector number on a side.
in
Western
c'or:
needed
h'othin,í'
Digital
tr(jjj€'r.s,
buí is
with 765 and 9Zb6 units.
is reíurnccl froní this subt'uriction.
"u7
·
3
PROGRAMMING
B,,'P
Function 31 (Xx5D)
Floppy SubFunctíon
Enter:
A =
D
=
E
=
B
=
C
=
Step
Head
Head
1
4
Specify Drive
Times
mos
"I)
t
4
i)
Rate
in mÜIiSec
Unload
Time in mS
Load Time in mS
Exit:
None.
Uses:
AF
t'li
l
I
:
l
i
(Floppy Driver)
(Subfunction #)
i
This subfunction set various tirüinp values used for the physical drive selected .
On entry,
the A re,zister contains the drive step rate in milliseconds.
Bios'c
Within the
this rate is rounded up to the nearest
controller rate if the
specified rate is not an even match.
Reµister D should contain the desirecí
Head
Unload
time in miliisecond: -,. and E to the desired Head Load time in W9.
onk" the Step Rate is universal }\"
variable.
In these sys[c?lí¡A. rates' signaled by the Bios settirws
are roundc-ri
Ú)g!
()
such
5.
c'losús:
2.
3.
niiliiSeccmc'i ratc.
as the
up to
or
t fixed step rate
in the VM""2 Ol" C), It). 2(). or .j{l milliSecond rates used in the older \\'1)!""¿;
and \tD17j5.
\cnhin.z is «·turntü! f'rorn this Í"unc[iorl.
NOTE:
i'
li
|'i
\tith western Diµñtai type controllerm
Function 31 !xxZEü
Floppy SubFunctzor,
i Enter:
'l
i
Home t:
S
,
B
C
=
1
=
E
__
(FiO3Dv'
Duivem
(S!Át: tunctiQrl #)·
li
¡I
"
j:
'
)
li
:
I
—
._
This subfuncr ion ñlCj"t_éS
Only
success/fai lure is
reµisters way F)c a]teI"(-?d
_====
isk Drive
Heads
)j
1)
j?
i:
Exit:
Usem
NOTE:
A =
C),
Zero
A <>
Cj,
af
Subfcns
Set
NZ
it
(Z) 7Í
Errors
jl
¡i
li
)i
1,
2,
&
4 Needed
i)
:
'
the
headls) on the selected
iñdic,": té'd by thc \_cíiué
in
by thi". function
lespecia!íy
Ok
drive tc: u"ack
the A register.
BCi.
()
{honít'! .
No oí Mí"
This functiori requires that Subfunct ions l (Set Disk and Motor Paranit: ters). 2 (Set Head arid r-'ri\"Ltl and 'l (Specify Drive Times) be cal led first in
of the Drive.
order to establish the physical characteristics
NOTE:
38
PRCRRAMMINC
EI/P BIOS
))
l
l
l
Track
Seek
Function 31 (XX5G)
Floppy SubFunction
l
6
')
Enter:
)
l
a = Desi red Track Number
D
= OFFH to Verit-v,
O
tor No
E
= O for No Double-Step
<>0 for Double-Step
Exit:
Verification
)
l
B
l
C
= 1
= 6
A = O, Zero
<> O, NZ
Uses:
AF
NOTE:
Subfcns
(Floppy Driver)
(Subfunction #)
2,
(Z)
Error
Set
if
3,
C'k
if
É
I,
4 Needed
&
l)
This subfunction mores the head(s) for the selected drive to a spec.itied traci:
on the media.
If the Double-Step flap (Register E) is set to a Non-7.c'ro
value, then the' control Icl iii !1 issue two stej.' püíscí: .i for é\"cíj\" track LI7CI"t'ríic'rit CUi' cj·cc"rerlij-rj[
Uic!i ix required. Af'ter the' Seek. a Fxúí: ! !Í) funct ion \i"i.íí
I)c pcrforniúj
to í'ü: "if"y that the- cksired track was found if" the' \."úrificat 1ot)
(F: e:-'is[e?"
ílaµ
i': ' i-s sct [o a \bn-7.ero Number. preferably Clí"l-1l. Only the' AT
réµú",tt'r"-:
ria'." hi' altcuú: : h;-" this ftínction.
Tin-.
t io': rúqui ;"¿?í, th: iit
Di >!: 'dock j! auci d lsm-'ciiy
é.süíbii: 'h tht-: F)h\": -,icc¿i cha]¿L:
NOTE:
lcq'j: 'í
!ltr
i
Drive
[c]"is[ich
)-"---Funct7c)!2
ii
li
f loppy
l
'l'
"-—
Enter:
li
li
(:<:t£3)
SubFunct ioiz
subt"unct
of"
1om>
2
Times!
t
Rezd
í)j'j\"c
first in
Mad
and
lled
j
3
.
orcicu"
Floppy Disk Sector
7
—"""——
--- —---Hl- = Üez.t Butter AcidresíE':
e r- 1 {FjOP?V
-iver)
_: 'tt)
7
fSLjbtunctiCr:
c "'
icm
(Sí:
be cí:
the t'i"i\"c.
31
!
l"hi
Subf'unct
—
It
)1
1)
-
-
Exit:
f',
=
<>
O,
C),
Zero
NZ
li
)
Uses:
AF
I!
NOTE:
Suljtcns
.
(Zl
Error
Set
if
rf
-c/x
Cl
'-
tcí
i'
!'
li
4,
ii
ii
j:
HL
))
0,1
,2,4
&
5
Neecied
')
physical sector of" data frorr: the sek'cted driuc an'.l
places it in the buffer at the specified address.
It is iríiportarn that an.-'",
The \"ajue in thc
apprcpriate' Iy sized bu: ff"c'r is pi"cn'ided
for this task.
re;zisttr 'n'i !7 indicatú the success
or failure of" the function as irídicatc'd iii
thc: abo': í chart .
Ck1Í\' the >.r and IIL registers
by this Í'uncríiay be altered
t iori .
s
ReacN
a
l
Thi> furict ion require: -, that Subt"unctions O (Set Read/Write Mode).
2
4
&
&(l
(Set
Head
Disk
Drivel,
(Specify Drive Timesl and
Motor í-'artns:
(séxk Traci.) be called first in order to establish
the physical and 1oµicA
ci]aracteris1-ic!\ c!" [h¿' ciatu transfer.
NOTE:
(Sc't
j.
39
PRQGF¥\MM1NG
E3/F'
EllOS
l
Function 31 (XX5D)
Floppy SubFunction
Enter:
'
:
Write Floppy Disk Sector
8
l
,
Addrej
HL = Source
Buffer
B
= 1 (Floppy Driver)
C
#)
= 8 (Subfunction
Exit:
A
= O, Zero Set
A <> C), NZ
(Z) it
Error
if
Uses:
AF ,HL
NOTE:
Subfcns 0,1,2,4
&
6
Ok
l
Needed
This subfunction writes data from the buffer beginning at the specified
adThe value
dress to the track, sector and head selected by other subfunctions.
in the A register along with the settinµ of the Zero Flag µ'j}] indicate whethniay M alOnly the AF and HI- repisters
er the operat ion succeeded
or not.
tered by this funct ion.
Thi s funct iari requires
that Subi"unct ions O (Set Read/Write Mocic j . 1
2
&
Head & i)j"i\"é). 4 (Specify Drive Time: ·j and ¿E'arnisl.
(Set
Disk
licnor
(Set
'j
(Seek
Track bt' cal lej first in orck-r to estabi ish thc phys ical and iog,i cal
characteri,st ics of' thc data t ransf (-u".
NOTE:
li
))
'I
);t
Au
Fcríction 31
Floppy SubFunction
l)
DisK
Sector II)
li
ii
r
)1
g
I)
Eritet-:
ii
)
Read
E.
C
=
1
= 9
(FiOPíW
Üriver j
tSubfunction #)
))
Exit:
A
=
O,
Zero
A <>
Cj,
Set
ÑZ
li
i)
II
)!
I)
jl
li
__
Uses:
NOTE:
af
Subfcns
it
(Z) it
Errcr
Oí.
l)
i)
li
O
&
2
I)
Needeá
_
,_
-_J:
This Subfutict iou reaci'z. the f'i i"¶.[ correct
Ilj ini'orrriat inn ericountc'reg on ¿-i
There'
function other than tht: Drivúr
for
this
track.
arc no eriíry parameters
1g3
and Suhfunct ion nuriíbc'r.
A flag
whether or not errors
returned indicating
ID could be read q!j
inciic:
at€':>
An
reco7nizable
no
that
Sector
occurred.
error
tl1o9.t
due
Density
incorrect
an
this
is
cases,..
to
sett inp in the
the disk.
In
Bicis.
This funct ion requires that
Floppy Disk Mode) are called
of the disk.
characteristics
NOTE:
(Set
40
Subfunctions 2 (Set Head & Drive] and 3
first in order to establish the physical
B/P
PRCRRAMM!NC
BIOS
!
i
!
!
t
l
Return Floppy Drive Status
Function 31 (xx5'ñ
FJoppy
SubFunction
1C)
!
B
Enter:
= 1
= 10
C
(Floppy Driver)
(Subfunction #.)
Exit:
A =
Status Byte of last opnj
i
FDC
Controller Type
=
HL = Address
of Status Bytei
BC
l
Uses:
NOTE:
:
AF, BC, HL
Subfcn
2 Needed
li
{
There
This function return: , Ült? scatus of the current Jy-selected drive.
arc
and Fuñefunction
Driver
no entry parameters for this
other than the Floppy
On
t ion nuniber.
€xit. the ra"ñ' unmasked status byte of the drive. or the !ai-í
depending
ion
is rcturned along v\'iti_i
on the ccmtrol ler type.
a binarí"
operat
number
represeníim
the R")j cc)l"}[rcl]Er ívpc (e.p. YS, 92tjm j": "2, ctc.l.
Thi -;
béfcw"t:
NOTE:
cal led
!
i
)1
d'
t—
l
))
rout inc
assun|ey
rout. inc [g)
this
Fur,ction
FiOPP'v'
"31
"""""""
SubP"uríctior,
)
I)
)!
2
=
C
="
'
I'
ThiSk
")T
3ata Bioclj) ii Exit:
!Subiur',ction
11
brire
)
bt-·cn
híís
Flopfw íjií.f." Track
""""""
""""
µc)ir",tey
tc)
#
Sectol"3/1"rac;·¿
ot
E
= # ot Bytes
in Gap 3
e = 1 (FiolXw ['river")
-
D
&
"i;
)'
I)
11
_ _.__ _ —--__H:
(Set
Plead
ParanieteI"g1.
"""
Format
(xí57'l
_.
Enter:
that Subfunct ion 2
select the Physical
-
—
#)
A
= O, Zero
A <> U,
li
!
i
li
Uses:
NOTE:
AF,BC,ÜE,HL
Use Subtcn
..
""_
__ Set (Z)
it CM
NZ
7Í Erro: "
L
-.-_ J:
_"j;)1
V
li
i
V
I)
10
——
tor
Cont
1í'pel)
_--;j
__
iu;íct!cf!"í
forn",: i1> ¿"¿ coriípiete trai'E:
l t
Oíl one sick of a Floppy !ñsk.
tht- )íodú . Hc'aci,/I: :" i \"c' . Track , aiM Sector ha': e al reach"
>.c:
been
.
On
entry. Hi. rc)!l2tg- íCj d¿"Át¿_í required by the controller
a trac! to t'orrríat
beL\q€: erí
This \ü'.í"icr,
so RETDST should bc called
to cjeterIÍii1íU'
On
inE
bef'ore
data
up
type
set t
structures.
entry, E) mum a iÑo
contain tiíc· number of" Sectors pt'r Track, and E iriust contain the nuníber oí
A=() and the Zero
On
bytes to u: 'c· for Gap 3 in the floppy format.
flap
is Set (7)
the openítion was
completed. A <> O and the Zeri-"}
Sub
assume:
--,
tiaí
t
controllers,
contrclk'r
if
cleare: '
flaµ
register:
-
CCZ
)
t.'\F,BC,bí
if'
,HL
sarisfactoriíy
errcrs
'.
occurred.
This
exit.
routine
:
Thi s routine' assuníc's
NOTE:
that Subfunct ion 1()
has been called
determine
the Controller
to
inf'orníaí ion in the- Format Daut Block.
first
may
alter ail pr iniarr
(Return Floppy Drive Statú: -Á
type and insert the COTl"é'2t
41
PF?O'U2AMMING
HARD
DISK
B/F'
BIOS
SU13F(JNCTÍONS.
funct ions are auai Iable Lc) direct ly access Hard Ijriues connected br ¿j
They are accessed
by lc)adin?
type imerface.
the desired funct ion ríurtíbei"
and call int:
in the C repister.
loadinµ a 2 (SCSI driverl into the f3 register
31
jumpiñfz
nunibei"'
jump
jump
in
the
Bios
tablc.
this inteíSince
to
entry
or
face is not as standardized as Floppy funct ions in order to handle SASl as,
well as SCSI devices. the interface has only basic functions with tñ€· pi"ecisü
operaticms specified by the ljser in the Corrmand Descriptor Block passeti v: ith
Function 2.
While this places a µrc'ater burden
íjñ User
programs. it al!cni"s
,SCSi
advantage
take
of
changing
features
more
in the: T1é\\tA"
to
flexibi lity
"
dr i\'és: .
These
SCSI
)
)
\i
l
I)
Function 11 (xx5D)
Hard Disk SubFunction
Enter:
Set
i
Addresses
i
i
i
f!
I)
=
B
li
Disk
O
Address
of Data Area
2
(Hard
Disk Driver)
=
c = '3 (SubÍunction
#)
DE
Hard
li
i
Exit:
A = # Bytee
Uses:
af
,|
in
Comnd
Block
i
'}
))
::
li
l:
This SuM"unction Áct:'i the User 1)atíí ,^,rt·z Address for D:Ü"'3cí Sí 9"! I'..: . anti
¿U"¿fj
Fi icÑ'i..
Conimanci 1)lscj" i ptc:
lab le in the
st: s'n
returns thc nunílm" oí }j\"t t9: ·,
r
Jon;: and j;j used
Tñí-' Íj'áí& .\rtm iín: 'n 1): _' AF Lí.,\9ji" Si : t Í)\"i€s'
to store elata to 1)c
[('p
\Q'rjtFer1.
an'l
rt"a"i
frúm the' j-.L"lc2c[e(! (jT!\"E.
Tius kíüi Ai't·ií
rüct' ivt: t."¡,it¿i
al"\í'¿¿y:
3.
q ] 2
Í"rcm
¿¡f'-'
Ñi ze iSÍ irla!)'"la'Lor}"
'-- GlC.ídi
a
returned
byícs
recl acc'e>,> J;'i
\': jciz'
S
TéC'C'f2.ñl
7éCl y
] n
cj"
orcic" :" to h¿z: }(]!t
\"¿"¿j'ict\"
t
yDe
thú
t |j:; }S/7'
controller
cd"
Fúoc_í'
á\_Ái
Coínrííand
tríe'
The nU[llbej
TÜq: -, cj·"i\"¿!": j.
in
L'escripu't"
íaMe
byíeu
handlei.g
ü>u:
s'.-gj
¿jr¡',"c'l"
!()
tinexíu'njed
in
the
orck.r to
í',ithin
pi[': ".íc:il
t!lr
c(?ll|]l)alid.¶. but m;: :"-' >±¿: 1|c'(j })¿"l\-.!: 1() tj in i 1b: Í tcd app] ications.
I""
'i
it
l
i)
))
Ft.mction
Hard Fmsk
Enter:
Set
': >:ú:5í),)
31
SubFunction
A
C
=
2
=
1
&
Lcgicai
l
—-15.2.1)
—"_
= Device Byte
(Hard
E3
Physical
Disk Driver)
(Subfunction #)
'
!
I
)
Exit:
A
Uses:
AF
=
Pnysical
Device
Ürivj"""")
I
___Át
"""""jj
Bit
ii
ii
))
This Subiunction sets the Physical Device bit in the Esios for SCSI accesses
and the i-oµicai tnit Xumber
in the SCSI Command Block (Byte j, bns "-Si The
of'
Fsyte
prorided to this routine is defined in the (onj'i?uthe Ijerice
format
r)]sk.
and is arailahle
ion
froní the Extended
5.2. i. (: C)\'FICr+6l.
ration Data. Sect
a
j
On
É'ú.it
with
is
returned
im thiq routine. a byte C)
Parameter Fieacic'i" at DPii-- .
C'}
=
Oc\"ic¢'
l
=
ion
tjo:
beí"ict'
i"
"()nc"
to
in t
7..jSÍt
bit In the prorw
,i t
¡"í"C
tv"ii t \"iií 2. st' s_i con1[í1¿·il"l¿j.
se ic'ct t.hc· (jc'7l]
42
L?/P
PROGRAMMING
BIOS
__il
(
Function
Hard Disk SubFunctiorí
-
SCSI
Direct
(XX5Lj)
31
i
i
k
Drive!"
2
I
j
Enter:
i
i
= Ptr to Comrui Desc B1k!
No Write Data
A = O
Data
A = FF
to Writej
2
E3
(Hard
Disk Driver)
=
C
2
(Subfunction #)
=
if
'l
)
A =
Status, Flags Set
H
Message
Byte Va)ue
=
L = Status Byte Value
Bitl
Exit:
DE
if
!
Uses:
NOTE:
I
)
li
ji
l
,!
li
AF ,BC,DE,HL-
Subfcns
O
&
li
Needed
1
||
the actions required bu the coníriíand in thí' spt-'cif'¡t"'.!
This Subfunction períorms.
(":om!!land
F!1ock:
beRc]"ir)tor
. 1hc flag provided in Registe: " A siµnif'ie: ' wi"íethcu"
by this cc)rjjrlía;íLi.
bt' "nritten
is:
tc' ¿j Xon-ü.t'ro
tcí
It ! set
or not w.c'r data
be:
O
T)(ág1
wi.i
led
speci
j
the'
Funct
posi
ion
'ñ'ith
froití
t ioned Í'(j¡"
\"á lüt: .
area
.·','l
aj\\'ayl)
eu.
512
the
encl
SCSf 'Yij"i u.' opt'rat ions.
art-'
byt
tht:
ul
tran: ':roui inc.
t'errui !7cri": the FÜlj> 1(: itui"t'ci" tCf tht' l': -.crs Space' set by Subfuncticm (), Thi >2
'l ht: wide
\'á i" 1€'t i"
ñiíi\" M íric'ff i cl '3iji . bíu ".':.i:· the. only \'\"¿j," kc c'ou Id accommodate
T!it
gii cijf'"i"{: ;L':zí ,S..'S, i ,./ ';t'."';.]
constraint" .
corn :"cñ lerx \'\"itíiiñ reasonable code
y.|¿: 7tl:.
iÁ tho" Status hyte maskc·d \f.itij
1"t-ÍL!1"I)-j(' ctí cmíij'lei 1()h of' tj"lig, function
Fs'\
ti"r_'
i
i:
i"i'í\j fui I Statu"'. i"µ-';j,
te and 3íc'ssagt" IWlé Í'roni SCM c)rjeI"¿i, jú'
.
}'T(3"L"ic!€'(l
¿j| :>c
dt:
Lc'ñ·',
:
t
]n}[ic)r1 of any errorx.
for nic"rt'
ií"t"
ii
i
NÉie'
¿L>;>u¡,lt.\
NOTE: I!"hi.-, rot:
thitt tiíú (':olIlIÍ¡¿i!j(! bescriptor FRocK has been
c(7.: :!'iz'UI"c-(j
ikii"d
g't'
ñis: k control lei" set in B/P l3ios. anü
Íc:c t-lit-'
type
i '.
d itj..
t i!"
aeg;cribe(i
i;"
>a' ice Leci
necebs¿íT\")
l?rQrL'r
in thz" ]íiQy üí:
]
i
and
Tirro i': -. in phaviríµ
t
t !c)1"i>.
jt-"-mit in r]"Lj,qralí! ex
\\arit i\(jC: I[ .
1)1 :-.}.
:>.t-'1
:\ddIe>st-y,!
the' user hai: cal
i-uríct 1(ji)> C' tSet
i
am
X[.("gjc¿i:
t'r i\_t-'g '! tpC![)!"L' ú'>tiµ tl":is'. Subium'- tu'l).
lej
:l
ilarj
li
))
a"7".u:l!¿".
}"'í"íysn :
:í
)1
í",
li'
ly
tht'
thai
CiCijurr"c]!"'!.'l"
t
Functu:
-Enteu: A X"
-
í'j?
Dem reel
Bank.
Set
í.>jtÓ'f)
Number
baíú,--------
r
)
-—
Exit:
None.
'
Uses:
No
Tor
Far
-
jurrpi'Cal"!
------i)
—--
)1
))
i)
Registers
l
This F'unct ion sets the
in an alternate \1eníoru"
i
ban!:
Bank.
nurnhc'r
for
a
later
Funct
ion
33
jump
to
a
rout inc
43
PRCX72AMM!NG
£?,'P
))
Function
"
Enter:
33
HL
=
(Xx63
:'
Adciress
in Bank
to execute
set w/Fri 32
This Function switches to the bank
32,
then calls the rout irte addressed
turns to the bank from which called,
li
ion
Funct
I)
34
to
jump
I
l
l
(Hi-)
Bank"""
in Alternate
Exit:
Uses:
All
mos'
i)
-))
ii
Called routine
sets return status
Primary Regs (assumed)
numher
specified
prerious!y
by HI-.
Upon compiet ion.
and the address
on the top
i)
li
Yi
with Function
operat ion reof the stack.
ri
)
Clear Stack Switcher
(: ·:X65)
I)
li
Enter:
I)
k'l
=
Ádcj!"
to resume
in entry bank
li
exec
Exit:
i)
!1
Execution resumes
at addr in HL in entry bank
No Registers
None.
Uses:
ll
jí
Thi
s
ent
ry
l
)
Func't
bank:
ion is u«': l
error
e':
.
Furction
35
IÁ'-"____""_
I)
|"qi"
Eriter:
14L
=
C
=
i)
x):t;q}
':
'""""
AcÉr OÍ
E)e¿í1relj
bankeí'i
t_oaa
A,fRL) Írom Alternate
="
""V"
desired byte
Nuír,j>
Eaí"ú
I)
ii
ii
!
_Eíit:
Uses:
i!
it
j;
_
f roní
its
—-.
A
=
rout
inc's,
Byte frorí
)1
{'i)
:i
íü tht'
to rúturn
1|
,.
li
)'
3ad·
i'l,
C: HL
i)
I!
Áf
)!
,
_
,
_
.__
_
i'"uncr ío:
,2€'tj. a !";"íc
/:.-'-mljj.' i'rom the- spt'cif led lían!. anti Adciresm.
g;',',';,
1.!(' réquiret_i',
j;."
teIrl!"UjraTi
bank'
tchtíi I!", c'cmtc: ','. t'í.j;" the acces>
is
te[llpQ1"a]"ily
cQ]"!(litic)l1':
t:
disabled duí"inc'
7ntt'rrupt>, arcrestored to iiíi"\_
i
This
brief
[
J!!r..'.
Function
3t3
accéí^,
"i'l":
[
í
1\ j'¿
tht--
.
i!
'i
l
)
Enter:
(Xx6C
Load
;í
HL = Addi- of
C'
= Ijesi red
word
Numbe'"
desired
Bank
ii
I)
lj
ii
jj
ji
li
f rom Alternate
DE,(HL)
= Word
Exit:
DE
Uses:
af,de
from
Bani-'.
C: HL
This Iuncíion fZéíS a Vh'C)I"¿} {l()-birs) from the speciíied Bank and Address.
1
requi red) .
bani:
is tení¡"'orai"'i ly sñ'ircheá in context for thtí access', l i
reF.tQ!"ecl
Intcrrul"tE a: e temporarily disabled durinc
to cní: u" cÍjñ.-iit"io'Éí.
brit"!' ac: ces:- t Jii: t:.
4A-
l)
!1
I)
)1
g'
l!
}'
The
t húñ
t"i'\t:
B/P
PRCRF'.AMM!NG
BIOS
i
I
Function
Enter:
(xX13F)
37
Addr of Dest
= Desi red Bank
A = Byte to save
HL
=
C
Bank
(HL),A to Alternate
Load
Byte
Exit:
None.
Number
at C: HL
Uses:
AF
!
J;
Byte stored at
C: HL
The"
and Bank.
This Function saves a Byte (S-bits)
to the specif'ied Address
(
j
bank
then
is terüporari ly switched in context for the access
,
if required
during
disabled
the
temporarily
restored to entry condit ions.
Interrupts
are
time.
access
brief
I
j;
Function
38
(XX7Z)
:1
i)
Enter:
Hl
ii'
C'
ji
"itii>j
bari3:
DE
c: i-h-j
= Word to store at
= Adar ot Dest Word
= Desired Bam Number
———-
!-.
rt---)'L\""rt"\":
t'""""
i)
leíl"[p()!"¿&!"]
ií'.:ht'
t: "" t';t'.1")" ct): jcj:¿i()!j
"""
ru!",cT¶r3'T
2'Z'
g
li
triter:
i
.
tSj
l
t.Cf
¿(-"/[jtt'Kt
Íl2',t?! l"tl¡?í
u»7t)Í'
it
_
s,':
hi
;;j
¿i\-
'L',¿'q!".j
a
} \'
U
I!
ir
Exit:
None.
Uses:
AF
u
g)a\"c-!,
""""
Ncíre
|I
li
—-
spe': : i
the
for
S
tt'gÚ
c.rc
lj
1(
ji
Furicí Á)i"í
ryturr]y, the- Memr;." Bank
Je
(i. . FJ"li!.
ran,2'? of
ñíá\" be useá
in
!jrc)?raRí'·}
memory
track
to
accesxes.
Word
,
.
-
f led
stored at
¿;n(:
,icidrcsg:
áccéM:
.
':
it
.
Exit:
currently
'."il,
in Context
'
A = Bani'.
ap
in
Acic!t"
,y l
)
l'
l,
í_3aríi
rt'¿!ui](-:
Elane'.
Uses:
C: Fii
'ii
li
j!
I
SR
.- - —. —.—--
-. --
Return Currerrt
========A
_active
Ü..7FFF'R
II iíc
t hc'ti
ÜíL
)
F,
)
l:
i:
i'
t;
-—
This:
Bank:
tenipcnari ly ciisaiñec! durin;í
i
li
__
to Alternate
I
i
,
l-u: 2:¿[iot"!
(HL),ÜE
Load
current ly
rhe
'
where
in Context in the adcire: >:!7
T" role
arii
in appí icat icn
4b
PROGR!\MM!táG
5.2
5.2.1
Bios
E,.'F'
B1C)Y
Data
Structures.
Area.
Conñguration
of the ability to tailor FS/I' Bioses to your specific
operating rieecÉ, is
to the standardized locat ion qÍ' many discrete elements of data. and a
faci Iity to easi iy locaíe and chan7e them. regardless oÍ' the particular hardware platform
in operat ion. Bios Function 30, Return Bios Addresses. reports
ñ"t
Area
of the Configuration
the base address
in the or register pair.
this
and
section. we will review each of the specified eletnents, their functions,
which parts of the data must be rigidly controlled
to insure that the supplied
utilities continue to funct ion. as well as guarantee the portability of" otheí'
Much
due
programs
.
Bios id.
CONFIG-6
Character String, 6 bytes.
This character su"inp MUST bmin with rhe three characters "B/P
in [Jppc' rc?,·.í-·
As oÍ ?4arc!í
Asci i . followed by three \'ei"sion-speci Í"ic ident if yiñfz characters.
!993, the fol lowirw icient if"ier: ·i hm'c' been assi.znec: to systems:
"B/P-YS"
"B/P-AM"
"B/P-18"
"B/P-CT"
"B/P-TT"
"B/P-XL"
CONF1G+O
-
YASMU"'
l
i\riipru
itti€'
Hoarc! IÓ()
SLí-lSó
iriíc Si()() Board
Set
'\l]cro)ll.nt
Conipu/l
it-k·tei
intei liµcru
(omputÚr
besiµ'ñ>
xt-: \jlb?-.'
Byte.
IOBYTE.
This byte contanís ífiú ini ciai ciL'!'lniT ittñ ot" the byte" p!a': É.'g at ot ! ·j;-'. -") OIl
(jE'terl7!ir}c's
d.a: iny a Cc'icl íiCjtjt
an'i
\'Áicíi íji t i"tt j |.]'.};
tht' base Paµc ll: .)l,'í{.}.íl::
:.
usú't_i
a'. the (onsolc' . :",ú\7 i ií: r'" ¿Áñ "! lu"i'ítcicíined chara. ec: u.' dt-'\"ic.L: ',', i ti Dc
I)'."
.gUt [ inµ
cII: irlgc't!
ñl."i\"
'rm- (1L't¿tu!í
be ai terecl
!Si'(""\!'("j Ii) reí' lc'í-t
ei" cíc\"icé".
c("}rlí"iµ'Lj!"aL Ictñ'·.. or ti\" reag)scEÁ!) iy Üí' iM i'sicj",.
ci€\'icí-'
Th's'
bit ciej"jI"!l[i(7ji> in Üli.4 ti)fc ¿:¡"t:
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
l
i
2
1
C)
t
1
Console Device
Auxiliary
Input Device
Output Device
Auxiliary
Device
Printer
Drive.
the clriu: which v:
This byte
SYstem
assumed
to contain the CWeratinµ
O. Fi = J...F' = IF.
CONFIG+1
4f3
-·
System
cor}r,"iing,
accessú'ci
iil fi les.
be
Ii
Byte.
aftc'r a CQ)ci Boot cnÁ
is ?t binarr . value where
i
/'
',
=
LL/P
PROCRAMM!K!C
BIOS
CONFIG+2
Thi s !)\"[€'
Byte.
Option
Flags.
of' j,7(;i\"i'!ual]\"
mapped
assembled
Fiio"n
The bi ts
8ios
-consists
ciisplav which opí iQñs art'
bits
active in the
listed as should not be
defined \t'ith(.)ut
prior coordincn ion with the systerií developers to preclude
The bvte is currentiv
ciel'ined as:
coMí icts wi th planned enhancements.
.
Bit
7
6
5
4
2
3
1
\t"hich
O
L——
O =
Unbanked
1
O
Bank
1
Bios
RAM
in
·
O = DPBS
Fixed
Q = ALV/CSV
in TPA
l
1
1
=
·
·
·
Banked
Bios
in RON
DPBS Assignable
ALV/CSV
in Bank
Bank
(ZSDOS2)
firc
The nexn
t'ytcs def ine the memory riiap of a banked system
in 321: sjic: t?":.
For a complete desc|"iDtioí1 of Hank allocations.
In
please refer to Section 4.
non-bariÉ cui S\"StC'ñt- . a! ) é-\"C€'f'¿
l !"
the RAM Drive Bank should a! l be set u? ().
i
á"\"ái ícíÉñt. Í'c7
znntent
>
na níe!r[{: )1"\"
drive. this byte aú wc:
i e-as':
as a RAM
l").
should be sci to
si
CONFIG+3
Ñ\"tü
Thi: s
User
-ref"lecú
Bank.
:-: T)jl'
li
Byte.
íi: ín!.
riunihc-r
reserí"ed for
íjséj"
Appj
icrit iorís.
CONFIG+4
Ban¢': .
Byte.
-- TPA
rel" lt'ct q Ü!t· h:zn!: nu!íi!"")cj"
í\\"té
reÁc-r\'L-cl
Arca
for rhc" Trans icnt PJ"O?I"¿"tlji
C'í
i
t.).
tiZt
?,ci(í;"g"'7!íZ ne':
bank
rit'ni5cr
I"álí2c
sequent ial
."Fit-ii.
ncrrun
jj
t he (-Ol1IHlC)!i í·an É·: ñhAli r: i\'.'(i: '.""] rt.íñu 1tj: ·. i n (""ont t'g' 'L i n t hz" ?.c!cirt."-" in,-' !' ¿"iñ m-'
:-)U()(_:'.
.íTU"!i a:"ici C(")líT,.: :':· t!: , '" 3{. j'¿¿ti: )g S: \">[e[íl. Fsit"" am-i 7.-Sy"-ít'tt
tables.
This
in
! l \"
t
CONFiG+5
Thi ::, H\"ú-'
SPt'Ci'A
--
jé"
SYStem
!"c'fl{.-{.'íj
j'gi" t: íc"
Bari
t
A
1'1(-·
g.yÍ'.t.¿'|ij
Byte.
fs¿j'
.
r]'j: !"|!"'t"r
conE¿lLI')in§
any
-
íí\"c:
iablú for
t Erouszit tne Ma:
i
C:C)t.it-'
ciíip.r instalh-'d
:
ani"i
Byte.
t: :A!:
':
usc' as a
iwjií: banÉ
Maximum
Bank Number.
This byte ret'!ec'tb the nuniMr of' the last available
In many gpyster;í^, ir may be set to different numóers
RAM
e': €"c"Uíclp)Íf.·
i'íi
i:
!',"t
i
:'
imrj-.
CONFIG+6
RAM Drive Bank.
Thi :> b': t'-: reUt"c t s [í}'_'",íarú M? iMíni: num!?t.i!"
¿'lgRunlc":
:
I t is
j in u cii f.á'\í i"i"oií: tííiÁ iimrú
cont i?L]Ou'j ann ¿i',_¿¿i][íl-\!f. ¿j;" a KA.! PI_1\"€ .
CONFÍG+7
oí
ir: íhe
|\'ulrlb€·
I.'!"
;"
.
Byte.
bank of
depending
RAN
on
jñ the sjj5.té!Íí.
the number Qt"
system.
CONFIG+8
Common
Page Base.
Byte.
io\"tt'
This
refleci>: the Fiase Page of' the Common area in systems
which do nL}t
m" B/P Rios, but can I)(í
j\" corííplv with the 32É. !vkmon" Bankinsz (- architecture
made somewhat
conípí lam .
This Ryte ríiust be AT LEAST 80H. but may be higher if'
needed.
-
ful
CONFIG+9
OPEl
Size.
This byte con[ai11"
bi
c'"
.
Sirtct'
ñ'('j'c'
Byte.
lentuh
iríforním jc;q";
the'
c.!
L'isk
:
neecieci
>
T'araµ¡j[e'r
thaií
¿fj
Fí!oc.Í
locatio,"ís
'-he J5 byte: ', defined
wühin
by iji fzi
47
the'
ICÜ
PROGRAMMING
in CP/M 2.2,
Parameter data shouíd
Research
B/P
an
use
.AI l
re-assignnmerñs
exrmííed format is used.
this byte to determine the size of records.
CONFIG+1O
CONFIG+11
These
two
of
- Number of
DPBS
System
-bytes indicate the incomplete
CONFIG+12
CONFIG+14
These
two
Pointer to first Common
- Pointer
to first Banked
words
point to the first
Number
DPBS
in
Common
RAM.
Bank..
complement
BIOS
ol'
f)1';k.
Byte.
Byte.
of Floppy 'Disk formats arm lable within the Bios.
In most cases, one of these two bytes will reflect a
Blocks resident either in the Conirüon area
zero value with all Disk Pararríeter
The provisions
however
with these two
or in the System Bank.
are available.
bytes to split the definiUons
for custom versions without voidinp the' support
tools provided.
Word.
Word.
vc'ithir'.
rhí·
DPB.
DPB.
in a sequential list
respecBlocks defined in the preceding. bytes.
t ive níeniory banks for Disk Parameter
In most cases one of' these two words wi li be a Null pointer (0'j()()Fi} c(")rrL'-spondinµ
to no data as descriheci in the count brte.'. abm"e.
DF'B
Command.
CONFIG+16
String.
- Initial Startup
Thi> striny cL)n'Lajn> cM t'it"gt co!í}niancl 'A'hich will be initiated on a CQicj I]q:¿7("·[.
ijítcj the Multiple (j.oRíAlar}(j
llí is icmdt'ti
buffer defined in the F.n\"irol1i!!c'r}[
rl¿scI"irtQr (St-t- S.ZA! and cal jjj a file of the specified name with a 'type-' c'i
' (.:O:b:"
The' Ñt rinµ may iíá\"c" up to eight chai"acters anti lüúSt be \ui l-terrúinateci
.
Tiít-' mring
le'nG mrlí a Finary (Ü.
is def ined así:
Byte
- Number of Characters (Ci..8)
String - 8 bytes tor ASCii characters (usuañy Uppercase)
Byte
- Terminating Ñ'ji) (binary U)
Word.
CONFiG4 20
- Pointer to Environment Descriptor.
7.34
'."..'ST
!m': irormú·nt whicl"í
This viorú poiní> to the" first byte cA" an e:':tended
S. s. ! for a coriiplete dcscrij"Sec Sc"ction
bqzin on a Págt: hc!un{ja1"\" txx()()í!j .
bescripror and FI/T' i3ios unique features.
t ion of the Zñ\'i ronment
CONFIG+28
Thi y; Fiyic
Ciet'
iñ€'ci.
thorx
able .
.
CONFIG+29
This word
Area
,
ii
Banked
User Flag/Eank Number.
Ik' usc'ci á"\ ¿q
lat" to jn(iica'LE
whether or not
U
Fsank,
c'annc'í
M used as'. a Use r bank by decree Qt'
Theretore. if' this byte contains a binary O, no User
-
f
1Ñ7í\'
standard RSX
t i\"c' níeniory
e: íist:"r.
heackr structure
management
t"unct
to
ion.
first
link sequential
7kuÉ
ÜSm'!"
the
systeF!í
Flank
is
:
:·-
au-
awiil-
Word.
Banked
User Area.
of' the
available
into the User
Routines loadeci
Pointer to Start of
-contains
the acidres¶
one'
Byte.
a
byte in the Bankea User
bank
should contain a
and provide a prirüprog.rams
Rate in Megahertz.
CPU Clock
Byte.
CONFIG+31
Me;zahertm
rounded
speed
j!"hi s byte must contain
the
to
nearest
the processor
1)\'
and
sofus"are
pro?rarüs
used
ication
in
appl
to
be
tirííing
loops
may
appro:
and
ho.'u
o!
Íiútc.
.spt"úd
cooiputer
an
provide
adapt
the
to the clock
-
Ii
48
uti
lity
timí±
B/P
This
PROGRAMMildG
BIOS
is
H\"lc'
:
whi ch
programs
"efiectcd in the En\"irorl!]ient
"amzrc'
.
are 7-Sysíení
L'escriptor
CONFIG+32
Thi s bvt"t:
merííory aruj
Z80/ZlS'ó,
Wait State Requirements.
- Additional
e-mapped"
"nibbl
to reflect the nuníbt'r
is
CONFIG+33
-
(sce
5.Z.4
.i
a>
f't"'r
Vjtj'ii
Byte.
of wai t states: nettled f or
JO
when these funct ions can be ser via software.
accesses
In the
JO
hare
inserted wirhin the processcu".
one wait state
port accesses
This byte does not account for this fact. and reflects wait states IN ADDTTÍOY
TO
For older processors such
am' which are built into the hardware.
as tht'
79,(), theme bytes normí iy have no ef t'ect since additional
wait states rnvst bu
added 'Á"i th hard"4'¿ir€ .
Timer
Reload
Value.
Word.
:
svstenís, Interrupts
or Tinier values are set by sof"[ware-confi?urablr:
sE:
the l6-bit value at this location is reserveci for
ttir!!7
t iriíerm
the timer value and ñ)á\" lx "f ine tuned' to ajicnr the srs: rem to Rlaintain cor--rime'
rece
in the' pre.3c';act- Qj c'ioc'k f'requt'ncic's which mar dcriate frorii D1"C'í-l,íi
i"rec!u'3ncj¿: y, nec'ueúí 1()1" accürau-' c lock: -:.
In
níany
c: ourítdown
CONF lG+b5
Disk: Physical Parameters.
- Floppy Üt' four
t:
5-M"tt-Tiíis tai.lt· coñm",¿b
míriei-. which contain
!íach enr 1"\" i ': defined as:
four rl"ly>jc: l! ci: "i\"e>..
Byte
O
T'i-(j"\-1c1'-·:
-
Bit
7
6
5
fl-u" -'j)p}j
bai,t'
->
4
3
2
1
O
i
l
i
Bit
"fY\"it.
Disk Size OO0=Fixed
Single-Sided,
< reserved>
O = Motor Always
mapped
I
O =
300
RPM
< reserved
Byte
Bytc
Byte
Byte
Those
byte'
used
!
2
3
4
Max
ion
on
u["
tú
a: ,:
Disk,
O =
Table.
inlormat
001=8", 010=5.25",
Double-Sided
"l
=
On
1
Speed
1
· Motor Control
· 36Cl RPM (8" &
011=3.5"
Needed
HD)
>
zj: ::µ Rain' in líÁ ] i ]st-Conííj>.
l!' ai? í,oiíá Ti ni'-- ir: riii ! j isecond: '..
ik: O L'rjj(ja¢."l Tiníc in millis'.econcÉ.
!\'un¡i")t']_
cri "i raclc-.
(t1"! incierx ) on düvt·.
-
-
bits in Byte
C)
Mtich are listed as unused must be set to () since Éi'íi: -proridt-": the inir la! value stored in the XDPH when assipnable drives ar"_
For cQn[I"o]lc'7"y vihic: h do not need the available
intorwtatiorí
.
(C'.?.
cío
Vk'stern L'icti tal controliers
not need hyre 3), these values rriav be" set to
any arbi trarr \"á iuc. but Mí ST remain present
in the structure to prevect
adctreg,st·': 4.
changing subsc'quenl
CONFIG+55
Motor
On Time in 1/1Oth
Seconds.
Byte.
Tbi s t 1em.' mar be LR,écj
in soníe U'pt-'s of Floppí" Disk control lers to keep íhtdrive rnotor.s spinrlin? for a spec'ii"ied time
the last access
to avoid
de layx in
the' spindle
Some controllers.
tñt':
up to speed.
notabiv
7']gi[aj
V\'esterr
!">: -'c and i"xx
series to not support this feature.
In thi>
C'¢z"z¿;.
rhú tj\"t e rú:
value. but MUST remin
íy M set. tú arre" arb
-
after
hrimim
itrary
present
.
49
PROGRAMMING
B,/P
BIOS
Time in l/1Oth Seconds.
CONF iG+56
Byte.
- Motor Spinup
This time is the deiav which will be imposed by the F'ios before uueiíipt inµ to
access a Floppy r)isE. árive when it senses that the motor is in a stopped
such
Pror'idinµ
condition.
a delay will
mininíize the probability o! data
corruption bv \"¥riting-. to disk which is rc)[atinE! at the incorrect speed.
Maximum
CONFIG+57
Number
Byte.
of Retries.
This byte specifies the nuínber of attempts which will be tnade on a Hoppy Disk
before returning an error code.
access
In some cases. such as diaanostic
be desirable
programs,
value
rnay
to set this
to I to identify soft errcr"s,
it
whic'h
succeed
ones
on
on a subsequent
the
but
fail
first attenipt.
or
try.re.sui V\ee
recommend
a value of 3 or 4 based on our experience.
may
values
Larµer
in inordinately
long delays when errors are detected.
CONFÍG+58
Word
vi'hen umc!.
This
Pointer to interrupt Vector Table.
-contaim
the address
of the base of
Word.
Interrupt Vector Table which,
The precise definition of"
ccmíains pomter: i to service routines.
is>
i7eci
between
Thi s
and
considerably
not
niay
the tablt'
standard
systerts.
vary
O!'
method
and
the:
;v"Q\"iciÚ
standardized
inµ
éás\'
univ
loca':
an
pointer se.rrt'"
iq
features.
table for re-def'znit ion of s)e7""\"1ceÑ
qi" system
CONFIG+6C
To ac'conÍní(7cí¿1[E'
-
SCSI Controller
the' widt'st
an
Byte.
Type.
tñt- cÜdc'r
í"aritüy of di Í Íerent cont rol Iers inc!U(iIT],2
n1c){:
code
the'
defined
containiñ9
a>
a
jt'¡s. this' byte is
brtt'
specific
sas!
to
ñíodt: l be lñ12
umi'd.
lri íriosT ca: 'n.u,. this bríe has littit' .if am' et jj¿'¿ \i"itñui
4
ijá\_€É-Í'féctís
rrl[Á\"
s i caí l"icanr"
rhú I3ios, but
iii SÉ. L)iagnQjz[ ic prc)gT"¿-i!: i:--..
on Hard
Any adiiir ions to tiij $ uíb!e shoulci
M cücm: í: i-i uí i l it !é'5.
or L"ser-Uie\"el(jt)c'L"i
:
€·cj
su1)poTE
with the authors to }]"l>ü¡"t 'haí ihc stanciar'i
uuj íies. cor: u:íuc 7-('
"lei
¿j["t-';
function.
current
jnit ic)!)4
O
1
2
3
4
5
St)
(")1'\' l
i!'. T'-4{'7"l[l.'.
(- Adat'\L
A"L·!)r--':
|(f¿: j-3 tSt\.Si)
!4l(').L]/µ!"l'j7¿¿I"í
- Sc?s2í:
SCú·:
te
l: 'lini|lL¿"ii
|:.pjÚ-¿
$t""Sí sL}!")s':
Sñuí'art
- S'í-SÁ--Z
C\é"'¶'c
l..)]-ían[un¿
(:(?l'jnt'!
.
am
i
-
'rl
!\'Í¿¿í¿("}z"
cIr i\'"t's
l
B/P
PROGRAMMING
BIOS
Table.
Hard Drive Physical Parameters.
This rabie consisrs of three 'i-bvre entries defining up to three physical Hard
Whi le the SCSI definition allows for more units,
three was considered
ljr l\"éS
needed,
p) ease
addi t ional drives
adequate
systems.
contact
most
are
for
If
wi thout
them
invaj idating any of thtz
of including
the authors for methods
CONFIG+61
.
standard
or interfaces.
utilities
Byte
- Physical
7
Bit
Word
-
Byte Word
Word
Byte -
6
5
and
4
3
Address
Logical
2
1
O
I
l
I
of the three entries
Each
is defined
as:
as:
Physical Device (000-1108, 1118 reserved for HOSt)
NOT Present,
1 = Drive
O = Drive
Pre8ent
(OOO-111B)
Logical Unit Number
for controllers
drives
capable of handling multiple
Number of Phvsical Cylinders on Drive
Number ot' Usable
F'hvsical Heads on Drive
cylinder Number to "bezin Reduced t\"rire Currenr
Cylindcír Kuníbe'r to begin Write Precompensation
Step Kate.
This byte may eit.her be an absolute rate in mS
code basej on control ler-spc"cific
definí t ions
(")1"
¿";
FOr many c'Í"
tht' ne'ec'r corít]"("Tl 1e?i"s. the la: :]t three items may not híí"t'ú am"
l)í¿'an: !]? in ts'hich
AiSCt in nc'u"er
thev csiE 1)¿· set to any
value.
casícíí"i\'""",.
the' pM"sicctl chr"LtacterjsíjcR
such as the numbc'r of cylindu'""
anti Ma"" \
\\'i ÚÜl2 thí: dr j\"c- e i€'c{ TOll ics \'\i th re-rriappecl
may bu hiciúk'n
\'á I'-ie's.
pi'o\_ itíed
td
; n
Át\ with rhe
t hc: com: 1"(_) ] i e i" \" iii \_",2[ 1(j.!: , S ' S { cQntwta!!d$ .
last thiu:t' en:
t!íC-;í"
ec'
th,! ñ cc!s€' .
[j|¿'i\
bt: sgt
am' arbi t Iúíi"\' value-.
arbitrary
ries.
.
C"ONFiG-i-S8
(Reserved Bytes).
} 1"v"l'
H\_ec:
s
tor
reserí"ec!
ace
futL|Tt-
eµ:
t)aTj:>}c)il.
Table.
CONF !G+íí3 -- Character Device
De1"init-io: _ís.
jQ_z!T
Qi
vc'rsií'n>-.
B/l-'
ící
I"Ms t: "ihlc: CoIlS ist.:
(S-tn'te
ñíore
lb-byte
in
or
)
!: ,ac"h
l":
bu tt-3'líÍlna¿e(!
anti lh'j'7Á
e:ñ í"i€s
(binary Zero) byte".
y a
entrr
Tht'
dCfiñe: . the I']f-i1ÍK: a:r"i c|)¿"¿ra¿'[e1"ist ics of' a charac'ter device in the s\"steni.
rst jütT OÍ" these arc' cÍ! rect jy auai iabie Íoj" select ion m" the IOFÍYTL as tht'
("
Cnher
onso le . Aux i l. iai y 1(1 anú T'r tmeí"".
entries maj' be cíáinecí and excharl?€'g
:
Iou!"
The entries
with the
ai"e
iq make them accessúñe to the system
ch" i
i ncd as :
l.i
fi
prior
\'ulj
ii"'u
String Byte
Ascii
Four
-Bit bata
7
6
character
4
3
2
1
O
l
i
i
i
Current
Maximum
(jodo
None
0001
=
150
0101
1000
=
2400
1001
1100
=
38400
1101
0100
·
COMl,
PlOt,
NULL.
etc.
capabilities as:
Katü
5
Name as:
·
·
·
·
Data Rate 3etting
Rate Available
(Bits-per-Second)
134.5
0010
=
50
0011
300
0110
600
0111
4800
1010
·
=
9600
1011
76800
1110
=
115200
1111
·
·
·
·
as:
75
1200
19200
Fixed
c;j
~ t
B/P
PFKJGRAMh4lNG
Byte
(:onf"i?ura[ion
Bit
7
b
5
4
3
2
1
Fip"te
defined as:
o
o
O =
stop Bits,
Parity,
Odd
Parity,
B-bit Data,
O =
No
O
No
=
O =
O =
O
O
·
·
·
2
1
=
No
1
=
1
=
1
=
XON/XOFF,
1
CTS/RTS,
1
·
·
·
·
Device
Device
NOT
NOT
Input,
Output,
1
- Input Data
bytes read
Byte
Bit-mapped byte used
- Output Data Mask.
bytes before beirl? output to device.
E'o: rÍt€"r to Character Outpúl routine.
Fúinter
to output Status routirie.
F'ainter
to Character Inpur routine.
Pointer
to
Input Status rourine.
-
last
l..j
.
to
7he
NOTE:
prior
Dis
5.2.2
k.
Mask.
from
four pcñnters
but
were
Parameter'
Bit-mapped byte
Device Input.
1
Byte
Word
Word
Word
Word
BlO"-
are
accessed
bu
used
1 stop Bit
Parity Enabled
Even
Parity
7-bit Data
XON/XOFF
Control Enabled
CTS/RTS
Control Enabled
Device can be read
Can
Write Device
to loµ.ical1y
to
not at these iocarions
a pointer
returned by
!oµically
in
hiü,s
ANK
AYI)
Fill? hio.s
T'uncziorí
with
with
\"£·rsic)ns:
1(/.
Header".
Disk Pm canierer ltí.adcr ', l)7'iíi is a io"ica!
data structure" requireci I'o} each
,
consi>tb cU" a
drive in a (i-',/)i cornpat il"'ie liisk Upérat ing Srstenn
it
series of" eight poinrc'rs, which contain addresses OÍ orher irerús needed 1)\" the
ÁCicWC'gs
"!"ht"
DDS
of the bPi-i associated v\'ittí
scratchpad SP,flC9.
as wtÑl
as sQ!}"ié
]-Qos,
by tht·
a
atít'ir a successtu! scÑection v\"iti"t Fuü'g
fñven cj1"l\"e is rürurnc'c!
eu:
iu.t. a
li" Errors c'ccur jijrin.2 selection.
Functicm g.
or tht' drive cioes not
'
\"uli Pointer tí')(")0(')i!: is returned.
The
ciísk
For Wp Fsiotv. ll v\'cí>, necessary to add an addi t ionai four hytt'> u") tztcl'í T)Ít1
pararntú él".4
a',
inform: íí 'ion on physi caí and logicai
which ccmtain aci('ii[ic)nRl
'.c)
Tht'se
thu
rcferrc"d
au
bytes
well a.s tiag' ir]f(jrn"j¿1ti("7i].
are
additional
ackiect tü
Lxtendt·cl
in concept
'ñ'hile sirüilar
rmi. or Ñ.'P!i.
to the extE'rl.qic)n
CP/Y 3. the implementation
the DF'Fi and rüay b'is different. The Ñ)Pf] prepends
accessed
As a convention,
by decrement
ljPib in I3/i-'
iñ? the returned adciress.
re,serí"tcí
!'$ios source code have
for ,speciíic types oí"
certain label sequences
f'cs
used
I"íoppy Drives, L)p|f5c}-DpF!¿sg for Hard Tkivt:
unit s 'A th I)pH0L)-i)pijj9
and DPF!90-DPH99
for KAY brives.
Partitions
DPfl/XI.}i'i[
block is requi red Iq!" each logical drive in a Fj,/i'
SOllíé
pointers, such as thc· pointer to the Directory Bufier,
While
syst eni.
be'
for most systenís, the other i[errí5
conirrion across a nuniMr oí' drivem
unique
point
to
areas.
An
ern
The
t
ion
52
ire
€'lelílc'nijA
r)pF{,/ú])r'li
j)rc),2rdÍl]:
':
art: ·:
at-
inUÍL': ¿tj-.!
írotii the
bPi'l
addresses accessible
LCj
tsio: .
may
will
appÁca-
B/P
PROGRAMMNG
BIOS
Flag.
Lock
Byte.
indicares that 'the formar of the disk is not fixed. buí níav be'
II" Ue Bios "ñas assembled
with the Auto-select option. the Bias \,\'i li
.
OÍ"
It" a (JFFH
scan a number
different formats in order to identify the disk.
and
cannot
value is placed in this byte. it indicates that the format is fixed
be changed .
This is normal ly the case for RAM and Hard disk drives. as uel i
floppy formats which hare been selected in the emulation mode.
as for alien
a! ]
OÍ' the F$ios,
the Auto-select
opt ion was not chosen during assembly
If
Y\"i
showing
that
Floppy L'isk drives
ii also have a OFFH byte in thi.s position
the formats cannot be changecl.
DPH-4
Zero
changed
A
Format
- value
Byte.
Disk Drive Type.
DPH-3
many parameters of the
This M."te is bit mapped and contains flaRs indicatinp
For Flopp\"
brires.
drive.
this byte contains a copy of the first bvte in tMwith the two reserved bytes s:et
Physical brive Table (See $.2. 1, cO\'FlG+35)
1c)!?
The byte is then defined a",:
r1"oce}Fy.
during tM drive .4€'iéci
Prive
Bit
7
6
Type
5
4
Éjíte
3
2
1
O
{
I
l
Disk Size OO0=Fixed
Disk, 001=8",
1 =
Single Suled
O = Single
1 =
Step Drive
O = Motor Always On
1 =
O
Max Speed
rpm)
1 =
5.25"
(300
·
O = Double Density
1 =
O =
liard l.'ixk l'c: r_íit
l
'-éTc.s indic': -n
al
ro
For
1c·!!>,
ll1£'
ti
anti tht' k-Aú.l
]"j": eci í.'r j\"é
t"'rive.
type.
010=5.25", 011=3.5"
Double Sided
Double Step Drive
Drive Motor Control Needed
(360 rpm)
8" & HD Max Speed
Single Density
this bvui is
not
used
and
is
:@t-t
DPH-Z
Three
Byte.
- Driver llj NumDer.
Driver Íl"vpe's art' üs'.: d in IM basic B/P lqios coni'igurat ion. A Zercj vaíüt_'
!n(jjcarc: :. a \(: )!:-t.:t!6ter)t di i\"cr, with other values used to direct disk access'co
cc'ck' appropriate
es ro the respi'c't i\"t'
the device,
Basic cj{"i1rLt"(j driví:
types eú: ísn Icj!" P iop¡'µ F.'im: '.' i :', Ha-rd Disk via the SíS! interface (2). and KAY
:
Disk (í).
you \Á'isi"í U"p exTenci
this table ["o inc: .luát" tailoi"e: i d:ri\"e1"::).
please consult wiítí tht' authors to preclude possible conflicts with piannúti
extens ions .
í
Number.
Byte.
- Physical Drive/Unit
1ꒆ Physical
This byte con'cainu.
Drive or Unir Number host ing the lo?ic,i'
dr ive .
For F'ic-)rry Drives, this v\'i li usuailv " be in the rancte
of O to 3 fa: "
b—
Hard
four drives.
dr i\"és niay have several DPils shariñf
the sanie physi caí
whi je Uj s Í"iÉ'jcf
drive number.
is ignored in the siñ{üé RAM drive supported !!1
the distrihution Fs/h' íáos, version.
DPH--1
NOTE:
The
fields to
rc"ser'."e.:
dt'fiñtA.
i
Phys
ease
tor
'Me'
icai Drive Nuniber byte for Hard brives is comprised
Up to seven
handiiñf' of" S'. SI devices.
devices (deuice
rim-' !'!o: ' i '."onÍt'ur€'r)
eac'h harinp
up to s !_..ocical
Units
R\"1u is CCrÜ ,szu."eú am
of
t\'\'Cj
1118
is
niay
bc·
53
El/P
PROGRAMMING
EbYsica1,
7
Bit
Driv.e
6
5
4
3
RIO":
Numbe_r
2
1
o
I
I
I
1118
Physical Device (OOO-11OB,
reserved
O = Unit
Not
Avai7ab7e, 1 = Unit Active
Logical Unit Number
(000-1118)
for
Host)
DPH+O/1
Skew Table
Word.
Pointer.
This word contains a pointer to the Skew table indicator.
rarely is used
for Hard and RAM drií"es. but is required in Floppy Disk drives.
the Bios
was assembled
usinp the Calculated Skew option, the address is of a Fsyt€ whose
absolute value indicates the numerical value of skew (normally in the ranpe of
1
to 6) used for disk accesses. This terní is often replaced with Interleave'.
II" the value of the by[e is negatiu:
and is synonymous
for this purpose.
means
that the sectors are recorded in a skewed forni on the cíj sk and thm
and V\j"ité.f>
Reads
the value is positive'.
then an
shouki be sequential.
aigori thn't is cal i€^cí to ccunputc a phvsica! sector number based on the desi reü
assembled
Fo!" sn"stenís
without Calculated
lop'ica! sectmr and tiíf-' skew t"actcv".
skem
thiq 's'ord pointü to a tahle' of up to 3) bytes which must be indexed v:
the dc"ui reel i'hys ic'a ! Sector nuniber (O. .Maximuñí Sector Number)
to obtai n thí(1)j"rUspQrí("}ln,2
!'i "ik Sector nunibür.
-
It
If
.
it
If
ith
DPH+2
Dos
these thret-'
\'ájUéb
are
DPH+8/9
This word
7( is uR'.í?"ll
bu Ur' bog}
Scratch
Worcie,.
au-· a': ai jahíe tor Uc
a.xg)i?r: €'ci. nor are nícanims Íl)!_
: c'orci"
Directory
- püiñH:
Ii)
!y
in
Pointer.
í3.-i".'"te L)izta artm that
a.i i
í.K'it' u iri a
arca u.
a
a cc)R!nlL"?i_!
norniat T um
paj"atr!e[c']"y.
cit
Sec'tion f·.2.;
share bPí3 ciel
difterent
!'PH
3 Words.
j\"(")
f .! '1-·í!
.
am" \_áív€'.
Word.
Etuher
iÁ
tí>eci tor I.'irectcm"
Yc"stc-ni and is frequent
:..
sÚ;_'!"c'i_!'£:
1\"
upd,ítt'cj
.
OPE
-points Pointer.
anothc-'r
DPH+1O/1I
wor'.í
'l'hi':
to usc" as. .it require"
the data StcjltÁ there oí'
1\cís
Word.
which derails ñi,2ñ\" of íhc' iogic: í!
4rucrure
to
tion.
tnc' seíc'ctecl
partí
or
its structure is detailed in
b¿']Q',\.
brires. Cit the same type anct logical cont" imirat 1otj rá"":
i
irlitL(jn: ¿,. so it is nor uncommon
to finci the bPFi pointer" u
structurt-u. pointing u) the same art'a.
ciata
CÍl"l\'t?
Word.
Buffer.
RÑyÍ
buffer area for remov"able-mc: dia ciÍ"i\'é> use: i
to a scratch
>.
Konnaí
chan2e:
¡y
disk
this t'eat'.ire is used only for F loppy jl Disk:
to detect
i
s
disab led bv contain ing a Zero word (()0001!) for Hard an: RAY
br ives, and
joprp\"
Poi"
[.)ri\_ts, a RAY area with one byte for e'cery four di.rectoru"
drives.
r
:
This scratch ?,1"étz
sectmü is neecit'cí (See 5.2.3, DPli+ll/l2).
entries {i3¶-t'yte
canñol bti shared anlon? CGivtcj.
DPH+12/13
This word
Disk
-pc"ints
noted that in a ful lj" Banked Fl/P Filos system with ZSLX)K,
buffer 16 placed in the System Bank anti not directly accessible
ions p1"c)£jral|"l: '" .
jr should
Chec-ksuíu
app] icat
RA
MY"X
Checksum
he
tríe
by
B/P
PROGRAMMING
BIOS
DPH+1 4/1 5
This word
Word.
(Al-V)
Buffer.
- Allocation Vector
points to a bit-mapped butter containing
Ue sU.iect drive (See 5.2. 3. DPB+5/6 j.
allocation
bit
"1"
in
block Oíl
this bui'Íer
bit
block of data on the device is already allocaieú
means [ha[ the correspondinp
"O"
tQ a
This buffer is unique [.o
while a
means that the block is free.
file.
each
and
be
shared among drives.
logical drire
cannot
for
orm
a
each
noted that in a fully Banked b/P Bios systerr! with ZSlX)S2, the Aj"-\"
Buffer is placed in the Svstem Bank and not direct íy accessible by applications programs. ooiñc€j access to the Al-V buffer is frequentiv needed to COIhf'ZSbOS2 contains
funct ion to return di: -,k
an added
ute free space on drires.
Using
l
f ree space .
this caí allows applications access to the inforníat ion
I\'i[hoUt direct"lv accessim the data structure.
Ir should
5.2.3
The
be
Disk
Block.
Parameter
bisk t'aramtc·r
bluck (É'F'I3:
is a data structure defined by bicúíal Ke: -j¿:a:"(:li
cic'i'ines
w!"ncÉí
the
for
of storape on mass síoragt'.
iogica j configuration
13/1-'
has been expanded
in
Bios to include addit]c)na] informar ion to provick
enhanc ed f
'The expansion is referred
ii)] i i t\" anti cr,pati i ! j U".
to as [hc'
Extenütm
[jpjí o!" XIu'm
Ehé actual DE'B structure.
The address oí
anci prepends
t.ron, the IJPH pointer
the !'!-'IÉ my b'.· cMtaineci
returned by the Bios or De's afrer
cU sA k.C- ]t'c"t .iQr}
S .2
DPBS
a
( Sec'
.Z abo': e j .
reside in the Common Memory area
Ali
and a!"E av"ai íah iú [l" a!'r ! i cat .i ons prog.rariis
whether in a Banked or únbankej
the'
of
For
Úje
susrerú.
ion,
sUe
a convent
ljl'bs are labeled in thí' same: niáñM-j
Í
¡"j !)}-'t-s(j':
'!
!' ]
a
u'
í)j'i!",
sed
i ves . L)PB50-DI'£$.S'j for Hare: i:i" i \"t'
j
t
a
oppv
'fcj'j l!
or
i
!.l}."i¢'/l)—Lg'·;
N-\.'"i
fc'l"
ion>
and
Part t
bt'i 'ces ,
.
CP,/!v1
It
m
-i
The
la\"c)].'i
tú
ljr
hi
the'
'"'i:
í'aranícl
c i"
biocÉ:
as
inch"xed
frorii
t he
a\"a
pcÜnt'.r ix;
j
Iabic- hi't'
10 Bytes.
Ascii ID String.
StÜñ,2
vcl'ich
be
tj\"
s'¿'["\"€'s as an idení"i i'icaíion
pririred
may
aIj!)¡.ic'at ion: .
such ax our Bi-'r{")l'|.!"Í.r'4.j
s
nil
be
xeci
pro,2rar|ls
nú
strinp inay
a
aiphanurííeri c Asc'i j
.
oí"
[Cj
bur
"ten
up
charactúrs:
the last valid character niu±,t ha',ú' the M: t
set
"' l
Sipr: i2"ic"aní
Set
Lg
(Hit
a "1".
DPB-16
Ibis
-
.
!\it
r
DPB-6
Format
Type Byte O.
- contains
scmic·
This brte
of the informar ion about the formar
the lo&ica! secjuem ing OÍ inf orination on the physical medium.
byre hare the Í'oiiowinz significance:
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
O
l
I
I
Disk Size:
Track Type
000
O
=
Fixed Disk,
001
=
8",
010
=
Byte.
the drive. a:){i
The bits in tnt'
5.25",
011
=
3.5"
001
Single Side
· Reserved
Sel by Sec, cont 011 = Sel by Sec, Sec # Same
100
SO
101
= SO A11,S1
All Reverse
All, SI All
·
110
by Trk LSB
111
= Sel
· Reserved
· Track O Side O is Double Density, 1 = Single Density
1 = Single
= Data Tracks are Double Density,
Density
010
O
000
O!
·
=
55
PEOGFLAMM
!h!Cz
E3,'P
Hard
Drives
Fixed Media and
Tor
and
RAM
Íorniat
this
ijrives.
byte contains
al
I
Zero
bits iq
Uis
- Format Type Byte 1.
byte contains adciitionai
informat ion
hare
meanings:
the
followin?
bits
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
s7.zñ1Í\'
.
DPB-5
The
E'!()S
2
1
O
l
I
I
Byte.
the format
about
of
information.
Sector Si ze: 000 · 128, 001 · 256, 010 = 512, 011
OOO=1K,
001=2K,
010=4K,
011=8K,
Allocation
Size:
(NOTE:
This should match the definition in DPH)
=
1024
100=16K
Hard
les
mñoulcl be
For
útil i:
LuÚ\_.±j:
as,m-iníc'
:-:et
O =
Normal
1
8"
=
&
Speed
(300 rpm)
Floppy (360 rpm)
HD
.thatThe'thedisjn"ibutionsiui'
a>
version
jg, always
Sector
irlciicatc(":.
or
Qj"
Hard
Drive
H/P
I-tic:'
5iZ hytei'..
anci
t he sunp'-'rt
Thti rernaininp Liin
DPB-4
Skew Factor.
Byte.
This bute is a sipñt'á i'iri: iiu" \"¿2]fjé indicat iruzL— the sketc" factor {u") l)t.' U9,ru
i e is normal lv used
(iurin? l-orrn: 'n. Re¿_¿ci ano \Ú"1Íl ,
only v\ ith 1 ioppr |)j"j\."c>
1'&u1'7: and R.'\)l d.riues Iq irl(j]caí€" tñái
anú usiualiy st?t to -! (()!'i'ii) ior iiarci
SF-cw
sñüu id bt done \ii th J\c.) s:É:t'i', .
anci \ü"i
option
the
caicuiate
is in
I!
to
Its
eífect ciur tri,z tij()> :lss€'rlt?'!! . the Skc-"' pointer in the bPi! l!fi-'ll+(),/; ) p'"inru [ '
thi " !)\'i72.
jf a <Ét"i': taDlú l'. uwñ, thr- 1"\"1£' has no úf'fect anu srlc)uic! bt uet
>,/.)jí.
íc
DPB-3
- Starting Sector
This hrtt' C(V'Lcii!"!> tir-'
Number-.
nuni!)¿
jjj jÉ 'ü'pt- rat j;'jg
Ae:
"Éí'
en
ctoi">. Ui."i \"7Jí!t'
!}u!Íjl")L'¡"",.
phy> ica t .-C"CLÜJ"'
S
in'-ú
OPE.-?
!ílQj,\
r
S.: k"g'TL|!i:>,
prcn"ití'
'l 1í"á:
("i
tí>í-:-.
i
a
n'--
fii>ít
}"h\".fic¿'il
tero4msú'd
initiaí
Sectors per Track.
- Physical
of" Physical
c'Qn[¿Ling', the nunmer
sequent
O! f"seí
tú
opposed
based
Byte.
€'"ic»
¿["¿i; E: .
on
schemt'
tc' Te'É t- 'i"ial
!c/.g1('{i!
tq
correct
Secrúi"
iol7ic:
Byte.
Smcíors
al locc:
Ull
ai
to
ion"
on 12fi-byte
anip!e, CP/tvt CQlñPü1X'S
sectors
F
sinsz ie-úensi tj" :s
()ne ot the popular
ioppy bisks.
are
Éí\'t'IE:
physicnl sectors which equates to 4() logical C1"/M
inch forrnau uses five
This byte contmns S in this instance for the number of Ik Physica!
sectors.
Sectors.
ihis
each
wni ch
hyté:
traci.
For
Qñ
used
e.':
.
Side.
(as
l
t
Byte.
- Physical i racks per
This byte contains the nurlíí)er oí Physical Tracks per Side. also called thc'
Xuníber cit
yj inders. it reflects the Disk, as opposed to the Drive ÜtcapabiiiDPB-1
c:
Floppy
is used to establish the requirements for doutÁe-stepping
ties
Mires . In the case of a 4Ü-track disk placed in an SO-track drive. this byte
St--cinon
would contain 4(). while the Drive parameter in the Confjguration
has
of'
number
9()
no meaning
This byte
tracks on the drive.
a" thú
contains
tCj
Lx'
.i
a]th()!-: .L'h
shou
id
Zf?t1c
and
i\"t"
KA'J
ser
dr Ives
paru it ons or
for Hard hr
1j3
?.cc€'t7¿(ii)le.
ra!uc
any ari)¡[]"a1"\"
and
5€
PRWnRAK2M
EllOS
B/P
INC
Word.
Logical
Sectors per Track.
each
elata
of
3-b\"te
number
track.
í-oµicai l2:
This value is the
sectors on
number
Phys]cal
of
Sectors times the Physict-"i1
is
ecjuiraient
the
disk.
to
It
DP8+0/1
o"!
Secror Size
DPB+2
DPB+3
DPB+4
These
-
M()))
128.
Byte.
Byte.
Byte.
Shift Factor.
Block
Block
Mask.
Extent Mask.
-three bytes contain
Tracks
various
without
tPlt?
values used by the Operatinp System
to compute
detailed
in
Their values are
Sectors Íor accessing logical drives.
ZSLX)S
be
prograrRmin?
and
CP/M
and
nor
varied
should
references on
cjf their effects.
knowledge
and
DPB+5/6
This Word
(Capacity).
contains the number of the last allocation
bioc: ks
is the same as the capacity in allocation
Megabyte
and
bíc)ck..5
used
a li)
being
art"
al locat ion
this word would contain jcÁoo(L()o0/40(x) - ] or 249V.
Word.
Size
Disk
-
DPB+7/8
Maximum
Directory Entry.
\Lórc!
1his
conttiins the number of the
the Kuniber of Fnu"ies - !. For example.
"n"orci
! =
wouicl Í)l" set to it: Zj
1(R3.
-
block
on
Por
- l.
drire is
last !.)irector\" Entry
ii" !OZ4 directories
1
the drtvü.
[
i i" 4í
exaínpl e,
be lt12 clí'i'inc'cc
Word.
Sp"ínir: .the'
is
dt'5lj"£3("j.
are
and
¿q;"í
thi:
-
-
2
DPB+9/1Ü
Bytes.
Allocations O and l.
:
t".'.'c'j
i.n
tn"íú: i C'!
7he")c: two i7n"teu hrici the
j
allocrnions
the ir"n
stored
Tnc l r
the" N-_\'
Z. fñ'h+l4/ IS } durin.2
ííu j f é!_ { Set" S' .
'ini t ],. dri\_e sc'lecuon.
lL3c¿i[e(i
i)ri!Í1¿"¿r\" U6f- i.", Iq inmcain" that the-"
Directorv Sectors arc" alreaciy al
anci uríarai i,"1!7\ It- tCjj" elata stc)ra?€-.
TÍk'\" are bu-mapped values and are u".od in
ic'i"ní a> c)DrF(jsÚc!
i-()-l)\"L€·
l!i-hvít·.
to the normaliv used i..(3-b\"íÚ, !!i-t)y[L" st(j7"a.£E'
"j"he
31M'
usézi iri /Yl.) tyrc' t.'!-'i. s f'o!" \'v¿Y"Cj s1oi"agm.
are a!]c)c'a[e(i trcm Uk'
! S!'.
MS!S
cu!
cl" thu Í"ir>:
H\"Íu
jj,\"tjj
the'
oí'
se-cone!
r/asf£tj
LSl'
the
then
íhru
thru
l:
t:
lO7"i
!.)if:)C!.
used
by
theThe
orie
pc r
oí" ií"acricm thereóf
íocat
I)lTec'tory.
hi t±, níay ix:" CIt iculau--d i"y t n corñp': ít inp the nuuihe.r Qt' entries peí" al Jocat ion
Any reblock. thc'n cii"\"i¿jln.2 the ciesireü number of entries by
nuniMr.
Ili¿íiT)ííe!" l"ecitíirUs
aút"iit íon:
,2!1
allocation
-
:.
'it
Fo!"
40g(-:
í
bits
!
ir:
ii
4k ai
exaw.pi
t',
b/42 t"'ytti-"s pc'r entry
then 512/L>
byte () would
DPB+11/12
Thi s V\orci
-
ntt'íai
=
4
be
Check
i
j
bit.
this
iocat ion blocks are used. each block. is capable ol
128 Directory
512 entries
=
Entries.
are desired.
If
needed
which dictates that AllocatAm
al location blocks are
I 1.!ÜU()JB (OFOH) and AJlocat ion Byte 1 would
be OOL)()OO0OH.
Size.
used
Word.
media
in' removable
only
(normally only i" loppy brives ) arc.
Une nuníoer
checksums
indicates
oí sectors on which to compute
to detect
OOOOH
chanped
be
and
KAY
disks.
should
for
Fixed
avoid tlíc
bisks
to
set
to
jt
time penalty of relogginp after each warm boot.
i s
DPB+13/14
This i\,oi"C
!)i'i'¡
Word.
Track Offset.
-in(ii:
:7.[e:"b the nunibc-i" oí Logical
Tracks to skip bt!'ore the present
norriia! iy used
is
(úsually j tcí
to
i" eÍjí'cíirt.
reserve' bcmt tracks'.
ii
k7
U P
R/P
PROGR/'.MMING
part iticm larµer
for orher drive
3), or
tracks
'iq
used
5.3.1
Environment
Descri
ioµic'al
into smaller
deiinitions.
drive>,
units
Íj)\"
BIOS
skíppiní'
ptor.
Environment Descriptor.
referred to as simply the EN\'. is the heart oí"
The most recent additions
is now known as The Z-System.
to the system by
and
Sa?e
Wright
meaningless
some
replaced
elements in the
joe
jay
relatively
dependent
EN\' with system
informar ion such as the location of the Ciperat iñft
System
Consequent
components.
ly, the EAV is not just a feature of the ZCPR
uhich
3.4 Command Processor Replacement,
but is an Operating Systení Kesource
such as ZCPR
inforruatiorí.
access
allows other programs
3.4 to
its
The
what
B/P
Bios requires an EÑ\" to be present, and uses several items of iniormiiZSLXJS2
and Z4U Command Processor Replacement
The banked
conrained in it.
fé','\
A
reniaining
tor
use even rriore L\\
bytes hare been re-defined
teatureñ.
LS/P
l3/P
fj'](}s-ba>>ecl
To
>'-íp¡'ort
.sy,sten:
of
denote tht' definition
Bios data
to
x.
Usiñ?
t? lenients:
this "7ype" byíc'. uset
. a rwa Tygc- . ¢Kki. han been reserved.
ach"anta±e
anc take
of the new deÍ init ions and featu.rt'm
i)rogj"arIls.
can access
The
tion
[enir)l¿¿[e
ra!uwí ii"cm
A
t'cr iht:
íht·
í'ñ.\ iromient
?..bii/\>i .i-lb
tjié
"]
Ük: k>->
f. '
distribution
which
disk is:
7\
L)
C:
itjt-f
ii'
*
,-1
T
bios.
tar: t"ü
****-;k***%: **:y'*->:.*y.:k?'*'f..*j-4:7-:t.
'trnñt
at:
iuanstt iol]]n2
operaíinsz environment whicn
*
such as Sí"S.EK",'.
*
vou íÍ1UAZ
uses usei-ioadtu1 F.: 1\"ij"oríníL-"}í
.sücp"
I'i!C\"
Í"tié¶.
ions,
loa.l
modiív
o!"
"
the
" éitht.'r cieknt'
¡n>rj"uc[
:-n"s1ení
'k
loaaed
EXACT
tíjt-'
"
ion.
to re! íecí
i
' :
*
'i· } ¿jj Jure'
1()
()l_)s.É'r\'"£'
u
i'ac'c
prc)t)at:
\i.j i
thi
j" cauxe many
:j'
side' e!it-ct: ñ
* unc.lesnrúci
*:&:&'2.&:¿:2.á'¿:'?:'i'i-A:A:z.a";l:z.8::;.g:a::t:z'z.a.z
¿:)±:Z:Z:.!:8 z:d:z'z:**a:*8:A.**±:&'*:A.a:&:z:d:**á:*A:*á:>'z:z"t-:·'
:K¥*ÁZYY*.8:!::7.µ.z'*.?:*>7"",
l
in B/l'
used
the"
ñescriptor
¡!jcilldef:i in
lilts
aefínit
:
Ervz
ERL'.
C;µ
~ "-d
ronment [jescri titor" for
2CPF?Ui
JP
O
DEFE
' Z3Ehh/
DEF E
90!2
;
DEF\/
EXPFTH
;
DEFE
EXPATHS
;
DEFW
RCP
;
DEFE
RCPS
;
DEFW
lOP
:
DEFE
Iop"í
.
DEFW
FCP
:
DEFE
FCPS
;
,
"
,
DEFW
Z3NDIE
:
DEFE
Z3NDIRE
;
DEFW
Z3CL
:
DEFE.
Z3CLS
:
DEFW
Z3E!IL'
;
DEFE.
Z3ER\'S
:
Leacjzrig
"tump
iÉ
(adCrems
CBIOS
when
NZCOt4)
ID
Em'i rcnment
type (: =9'?E
External path
Env
Resident
command
Input/output
Flow
command
Command
Env"i
Extended
EtfV
w/User Area)
package
(RCP)
package (lOP)
package
directories
Named
E/P
mear\"É
(PATH)
line
(CL)
ronment
(ENV)
(FCP)
(NOR)
- Actual
Stzrting
Address
iíjx
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