Banked_and_Portable BIOS Banked And Portable

Banked_and_Portable-BIOS Banked_and_Portable-BIOS

User Manual: Banked_and_Portable-BIOS

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Banked and Portable
Basic I/O System
(B/P

Copyright
by

Cameron

K.

Cotrill

Bios)

(C

)
1990-93
and Harold

F.

Bower

B/P
by

Bios,
Harold

and
Cameron

its documentation

F.

EkjNer

and

W.

are Copyright
utility programs
Cotri11
Rights Reserved.
All
-

its

'
F. Bower
Redglobe
Ct.
Severn, MD 21144-1048

Harold
7914

(C)

1990-92

Cotrill

W.
Cameron
2935 Manhattan
La Crescenta,

Ave
CA 91214

Al
Both Authors maintain accounts and may be contacted on the Ladera Z-Node,
Hawley,
Hawley
SYSOP, at (310) 670-9465.
has
been
Al
gracious in offering
Ladera services as the central repository for the official versions, and
support clearinghouse for the latest B/P Bios support information and utili-

ties.

B/P

Ellos

is

methodology,

an

original

routines,

work architected
and "grunt work"

by
by

W.

Cameron

Harold

F.

Cotri1l, with support

Bower.

This manual was edited on several B-bit machines
using the operating system
ZOE
and
described herein with both
WordStar 4.0.
It was formatted using
WordStar 7.0 on a 386 clone and printed on an Epson LQ-570 printer.
Trademarks:

Digital

Z80,
ZIBO,
Z280,
Zilog; DDT, CP/M,
Little Board, Ampro Computers;
ZCPR3,
ZCPR33,
ZRDOS,
ZDH,
Systems;
Alpha
WordStar,
Inc.;

Research

DateStamper,
MicroPro Int'l; Dbase II, Ashton-Tate; BackGrounder
Turborom,
P1u*Perfect Systems;
DosDisk, Z3PLUS, Bridger Mitchell;
Advent;
NSC800,
National Semiconductor; SEsü30, MicroMint; HD64180, Hitachi; XBIOS,
W.
Malcom
Kemp; ZS1X)S, ZOCOS, ZDS, Harold F. Bower
Cameron
Cotrill - Carson
Wilson.
NewWord,

ii,

Acknowledgements: Many thanks to the testers of preliminary versions of B/P
These
Bios for their faith, feedback and suggestions.
hearty souls include;
Paul
Chid1ey, designer of the YASBEC, Ian Cottre11, jim Thale, and Larry Moore
who all participated
in banked testing of the YASBEC Version; and Terry Hazen,
designer of the MDISK memory expansion board for the Ampro Little Board who
validated B/P Bios on that platform.
While this product was produced
Warranty:
with the best efforts of the authors, we cannot certify it as suitable for any specific task to which you may
subject it. The authors will make reasonable efforts to correct deficiencies
when notified of them,
within the constraints of fiscal prudence. Since this
product is being distributed in source code form specifically so that users
may modify and tailor your computer system, the authors cannot be held liable
for any data loss or inconvenience due to user's alteration of the distributed
community,
the authors are willing, as
systems.
In the spirit of the Z-System
knowledge
and help others learn
project
share
of
to
systems,
this
attests,
by working with them in detail.
about operating systems

TABLE

.
1

.1
.2
.3

About

1

Thi s Manual

Notational Conventions
is B/P Bios'?
History of B,/P Ellos
1.3
.......,
Features of B/P Bios
2. 1
IO
Character
2 .2
Mass Storage IQ
2 .3
Clock Suppm"t for Time anci Date
2 .4
Banked
Memcry Support
2. 5
Other Features
Tailoring
a Ei/P Bicis
3. 1
Theory of Operat ion
B/P Bios "lies
3. 2
3.3 B/P Bios O[jtiorg
3A
C.onfiguraticn Considerations.
1

1

3.

1

Introduction

1

2.

OCNTENTS

OF

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Details
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B/P Bios Debug
6.3 BPIJ3JG
6.3.1 Usi ng EPDBUG
EIPDB'JG
6. 3.2
Commands.
6.4 EPFORMAT
Floppy Disk Format
6.4. 1 Us7nC EPFORMAT
6 .4. 2
Cor\fiCuratic}n
6 .4. 3
BP"OFNAT Erro" Messages
BPS\'/Ap
6. 5
Lcgica1
Dísk Swap
i3. 5. 1
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6. 5. 2
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e.. L)
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4.

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2
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Utility

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6.

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6. 7.2
Options
6.8 EMULATE - A7ien Disk Emulation Utility
6.13.1
Using EMULATE
6.8.2 EMULATE Error Messages
HDBOOT
6. 9
Hard Drive Boot Utility
6.9.2 Using HDBCÜT
6.9. 3 HDBeT Error Messá¢és
6. 1lj
HDIAG
Hard Disk Format/Oiagnostic
Utility
6. 10.1
Using HDIAG
6. 1G .2
HDIAGi Error MessaCes
RAM
6. 11
INIRAMIJ
Disl, Initializaticn Uti1jty'
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6.23.2
6.23.3 Customizing ZXD
ZSUJS Version 2
ZCPR
Versicn 4

Glossary
Annotatec
Appendix
Appencñ
Appencñx

Index
Notes

Bib?
1

x

2
3

-

1
1

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iograpiy
Functiorí Reference
ZSCOS
Funct: cn Reference
Dates?ec
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BIOS

y
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143
144
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B/P

!NTRODUCT!ON

BIOS

Introduction.

1.0

is an effort to stanPortable (B/P) Basic I/O System (BIOS)
on Microcomputers
dardize many of the logical to physical mapping mechanisms
of such systems.
running Z-Systems
with ZSDOS.
In expanding the capabilities
became
do
BíOSes
apparent that standard
not contain the functionality
it
standardizat ion in extended BIOS calls, nor an interna!
necessary, adequate
B,/P
structure
to fully support external determination of system parameters.
Ellos
achievin,sz
method
these
provides a
of
goals, while also possessing the
wide
hardware
systems
of
with a much smaller
on
a
range
operate
to
flexibility
pI"ograníming
systems
level of
than previously required.

The

Banked

and

About This

1.1

Manual.

Documentation on B/F' Filos consists
the diz,trihution
disk in the file
foliowinct <— sections-n
o

The

c)

Tailoring

this

latest ac'deí]duRl ní)
is di\"icI€¿d int(? thc

the significant features of !3,'í"
Features of B/P Bios sunímm"izes
genL'l'(íl
advantaµes
and the fe'n litnitaticms
Bios in
highl ighting
.
] n t líe
xystt'm.
B/P Bios con'.aim

b'erle-l"¿"2tt

Installing

c.'

manual
of
plus the
README.2ND.
This manual

,i
a

c"L!:

C!t-'tái
.p1"l

-to¡l}jz¿'d

ts

file'

altc"ring
tai¡(: )I"c'¿! tu
on

the mny
\"c)u1"

1Áj

M"SLí·!ü.
¥

B/P Bibs :ieí¿iiis í!í·: :' in:jnülaticm of E/F' BiQ"b iii
/J(i,','i.L(i a'onf ifw"tít io: "í.s in a "how to" faslúm.

b._: íi_i

3i1"lÜ

[?'/)¿-i.'/,I¿,.'

for

Programming
c!atü
B/P Bios describes the interfacus.
anü I"ec'L7ní||íL!rí(.]e¿í
!)r¿)gl"aBLming pract ices to insure the
í/t'ñcfií arx-i pcrforniani'c frc"m svstenis with B/P 13io.":

t'

cl'tiL2ní,

su'uc'tcí"c'
Hi¿'íí

1rmm

.

The

{'

Far

B/P Bio.s
izat 1oi) c:

(_)

Appendices

()

A

c)

An

thost-

glossary
index of

Utilities cies,ci"iMs the rurr)Qj!t'. operation. anci cu'acz: .f al! supj"'; led lil/F' Hio: t:tÁitiéf,, ancí support I"(-jU[irlL's.
-,

",i'hich

su¿)lnta:

dc'finiñf"
key

words

"izt' rarious

many
and

technical
phrases

t interested in the technical
pre-configurec! version
\íittí

r.c:

technical
used

terms
used

informat ion.

in

this

details. or

in this

Manual.

Manual.
who

want
to bring th'-'
quickly as possible,
Section 'l.
Installing a B/P Bios. \.\"j}j lead you through the installation steps needed to
pcrforríí the fina! tailoring to your specific
Other chapters co\"t-]"
computer.
details of the individual
software modules
comprising the B/P Bios, and specifics on the utilities prorided to ease you use of this product.
systeií.

up

¿j

as

1

B/P

INTRODUCTION

1.2

Notational

BIOS

Conventions

Various shorthand terms and notat ions are used throughout
are listed in the Glossary at the end of this manual.
Though
summariz

the symbols
ing program
glance how to enter

this

cryptic at first, they are a consistent
Once you
learn to read thew you
syntax .
even the most complicated commands.

seem

manual

way
can

.

Terms

of

briefly
tell at a

Several special symbols are used in program
syntax descript ions . Fly convenYou may or
indicate opt ional command line items.
t ion, square brackets (
items shown between
brackets in your command, but if you do
may not include
not, programs usually substitute a default value of their own.
If items
between
brackets are used in a command, all other items between
the brackets
must also be used,
unless these items are themselves bracketed.

ljl

All of the support utilities dereloped to support the B/F' Bios system contain
built-in help screens which use the above com"entions to display heipfvl
invoked by fol lowing the command with two
Help i s always
syntax suriirüaries.

l//l.

slashes

5(-)

for

exaniple
ZXD

invokes help for

ZXJJ.

such
progranís
as a session

B!'C\"FG2

as

the

,

//

Interactive'
directory program.
also contain more detai ieci help messages which
ZSDOS

extended

ZSDOS

appear

progres»es.

les may be inroked f'roní the command line with options whi ch conimanci
By convent ion, opt ions airto behave irí ,5light ly different ways.
the P option in the congiven after other coinmand panimctei"s.
For example,

Many ut i
the programs

lit

niancí

ZXD

'C*

P

directory
to list all files l*.*) and send its output
utility
For
conrenience.
slash character (/1 can often
a single
(pj.
printer
be used
in place üf leading paranieters to signify that the rest of the cowñiañd
Therefore, the command
line consists of option characters.
the'

causes

2ÑJ)

to the

ZXD

is identical
1.3

What

in
is

B/P

meaning

Ip

to the previous

exaníple

(see

6.23 for

more

on

ZXI)).

Bios?

Bios is a set of software subroutines which directly control the chips and
and present a standard software
interface
in your computer
other hardware
to
such as our ZSDOS/ZDDOS,
System
Echelon's ZRDOS, or even Digital
the OpeI"atin?
These
Research' s CP/3'l 2. 2.
routines comply with the CP/M 2.2 standards for a
Basic ID System (BIOS) v\ ith many extensions; sortie based orí CP/Jl 3.: c {aka CP/: \:
B/P

2

B/P

lNTRODUCTION

BIOS

others developed to provide
properly coded. the modules
ware .
nearly
the standard support utilitiem
cation programs
without alteration.
and
When

Plus

j.

The

ability to operate

Banked.

Non-banked

necessary capabilities of modern softcomprising a B/P Bios perform with a!!
ali Z-System utilities. and most ap¡"'liand

System
Boot
number
of
a
Program
Area

with a single sui te of sof tware. across
chines, plus the maximization of Transient
in banked systems
grams
are features which are offered
which we are aware.
1.3

History

The

of

B/P

versions

different

of the Bios
hardware

ma-

for application
proby no other system
of

Bios.

convinced us that we needed to attack thc
earl lei" work developing ZSDOS
and develop soníe stanZ80-compat
ible cornputers
machine-dependent software in
dard
enhancements
in ordcr to exercise the ful! potent ial of our machinúís .
ijre]Tji
s
>1-·
Thi
is even more true today wi th large Hard Disks (o\'é1" lOó 31epaMtes ) be insz \'él"\" common, needs for large RAM Di" ií'es, and an ever shr ink iníi
Trans lent Program
Area.
Attempts to gain f lexibility with normal
operat ing
by the' 64k addressable memory range
systenis
in Z80-conípat ihlc
m-'re constrained
systeíisc and forced frequent operat ing systetn changes exempt if led by \"ZCCN anti
whe re di ft'erent
¿'ZBI.ITZ
operat ing conf igurat ions could be gu ickly changed
u)
accornmocjaíe
appí ic'at ion program
needs.

Our

to late 19>1)' u, several efforts had been made to bank port ions of
ÑIIÜS
"ty¡'e"' systt'ni: -..
Bios for only the H[)("}jiS{')-!)ast.: c:
was a banked
and flexihle'
\'\í"íi }(-' it displayed
\Qicro!'fint ,sB-l8ñ fami ly.
intci"an eícetlent
fact"
and the ahí
of"
haci several
with
peripherals,
a
variety
to
opt'i'ate
lity
it
A
banked
Fiicw
gu i rk'-i ancl rmt i ceabl y degraded
the computer
períbrnianc'e.
\..i$
a Iso !j1"o(|uc'c'í"Í
fot' the xi-v-im sing le board S- lOó computer, but required spúc:
iai \'c'!": 4i()]16 of ni,-my Z-Syste[lí utilities. and uas riot produced iri any mµ': ííf :
Other sginofí'm such ax the Epsor] portable. attempted ban!nn;í'
cant quantity.
cjí the- T2io<. hut níüxt t'ai led to achieve
goals of conípat ibi iour cQrrlprehensi\"e
e>:
the'
sMt'n'ai"e
and
viitlá
high
performance.
bast',
it\'
htin;-'
portability.
In the

níid

CP/Y

2

2.

-

mock or:
In jgüy. Cmii (lL3\"el(jp€'{_i the f irst prototype of B/P Bios in a Non-banked
and the Command í'roces.his TeleTe-k v,hi ltz Hííl concentrated orí extending ZSDOS
As of niicl-l992, B/P BIos has been installed
so!".
on:
YASBEC
Ampro LB W/MDISK
MicroMint SB-18Q
Compu/Time
S-1Oó
Te1ete¢t

-

-

ZIBO CPU, FDi7"2 FDC. DP8490 SCSI,
Z80 CPL', FD1770 FDC, MDISK IMB RAM
HD64180 CPL', SMS9266 FDC, 256KB RAM
Z80 CPL",
FD1795 FDC, l MB RAM
ZSO
CPU, NEC76S FDC. 64KB RAM

1MB

RAM

3

B/P

FEATURES

2

Features

of

B/P

BIOS

Bios.

is designed to be completely compatible with the CP/M 2.2 standards
lO System.
Basic
for banked
as well as to provide rnany extensions needed
for
which is becomin? so prevalent
with newer systems and processors.
Additionally.
strict codinsz G—- standards used in the various modules forming the
problems
and provide
BIOS ease
interface
with applicat ions programs
a rnore
The extensions
added
for future deve lopment .
robust f ramework
basic
the
to
CP/M 2.2 foundation
include many elements from Digital Research's CP/l"t 3 (aka
CP/M PIus),
but in a níore Kgicallv - consistent
Also included in
manner.
banked
versions are provisions for managing
for
up to 8 MB of extended memory
banked
in future verappl icat ions, RAM Drives and potent ially mult itasking
To provide insight
into the methodology used,
let us now examine
some
s ions .
of the features in a ?eneric B/P Bios.
B/P

BIOS

a
memory

2.1

Character

lO.

defined by Digital Research in their CP/M 2.2 standards,
character
j(j
Fl/P H los
consisted of loµica1 derices referred to as TTY, CRT. UCJ, COX. etc.
izes these interfaces
using the IOBYTL to definú tour
extends and ~mmeral
'
The
physical de\'jc-eb
cal led COMl, CCMZ. PIÓ and NL"L.
first two. CC.')!! anc
PTO
CO?42.
is a Parallel
serial porU:
are
port, while NL'L i-s a "b]t-buckL't"
which can be i"ep1acr"d by a customized driver, or used in lieu of ím actual
provided only a limited interface capabi lity tcj tlitdevi ce . Digi tal Rest-arch
charac't er devi ces
in ('P/: \| 2 .2 . consist in? of a ConsoK ( CON ) . an auxiliary
(LST).
and a Printer
The ability
to sen.sc' !npuz
Input and Out!")ut (RPR/PCC),
and was enhanced
and Output Status with these' derices was extremely limited
in
B/P i!iic+
capahi i
CP/Jf 3 .
These enhanced
incorporated
into
les
completely
are
it
\4ith the addition of strict register usage so that only relerant registerú ilk!}"
be altered
By rnanipulat ing the IOB\"TL , any of íht-'
in the respectií"e routines.
four physical derices may be used in the three logical cít\"ices of CC)µ: xo}e.
mt:
xi liary. and Printer {I-ST) .

As

17c
}3i()q are níodificat ions of CP/N 3 function±. to
and
Cié\_icés
a
and
l
of
addresx
the
al
parameters,
return
(or
t:ible which contains nan"m"s and parameters of the def ined character de\"icL'>.
these functions
compatible with CP/M 3 equivalents,
\\"hile ñol
are
needed
advanced
and
systei"ú.
with
consistent with the
ÁísQ

featured

in

init

B/P

re-initialize)

totally

spirit

functionality

líj

this

Included in the device table are; flags defining whether the device is capable
of Input. Output or Both, Data rates for serial devices {Maximum and Set l,
(CTS/RTS,
XON/XOFF
níethod
Serial data format where appl icable. and Handshaking
unneeded
masks
for stripping
bit>
as \\"éi l as Input and Output Data
or None),
from characters during 10.
2.2

Mass

Storage

lO.

All versions of Digital Research's CP/M BlOSes define only a generic 1)isk
driver with implementations of Floppy, Hard, RA3Í and Tape drives left to thc
In FI/F BIos, we went several steps further to easn-' {T'lar]\"
user or cle\"eloij¿^]".
4

B/P

FEATURES

BIOS

retained ali standard CP/M 2.2 functions and pa.rarñeters.
Header
(DPH)
table
features for returning
the Disk Parameter
code
and added a ne\\
segment,
flushing of the software deblocking
vector to the BIOS jump table to provide a standard method of directly addressing low-level cjé\"icé functions.
Severa! standard low-level F loppy Disk
and
used
by
functions are supported
the standard utilities, including a function to return the type of Disk Controller in use which permitz a single
platforms.
In a like
support utility to adapt to a wide variety of hardware
Hard
low-level functions are provided for SCSI/SASI
manner,
Disk drives, and
provisions for RAM Disk drives in the event special hardware
is implemented.
The methods
used to implement
these access mechanisms
niay be logically extended to handle Tape Drives
Interfaces.
or Network
problems.

First.

CP/M
address, and
added

Clock

2.3

we

3

Support

Time

and

Date.

hare
added
provisions for Time and Date as non-stancl¿1}"c!
.2
and
have
BlOSes,
extensions to
incorporated such support into
wore
3 BlOSes.
\4e
3
CPÑ
CP/M
opted to define the
clock vector as a ZSDOS-standaríi
clock builciiñ€ on our l)re\'ic)us Operating Systeríi work.
This entry point into
the Bios completely
complies \Á'itfí our ZSDOS standards and can con:
For systetiís
replace the separatt: clock cirirer when used with ZSDOS.
capahk
such
YASBEC and SB-l80.
of I"eFurniIU tenth$-of-M'ccj!!d>.
as the
the stand.u-cl
tCj
ha> been enhance'cl
sul)r)cjI"t
this capability
as well.

Many

Hardvüare

for

venckrs
CP/?vl

2

pletely

2.4
\\'hi

Banked

le

Memory

Support.

Digital

F'c'searc'h
acicitú banked
CP/Jl 3.
iÉ
'.\"ás
uteiííory support to
inc'gíílÉ)ati}/}e
v,i
manner
tk F,io-t> intéríacc-· standards defined fo'j eiírliei" GP/lC
stanc!m"d>.
The !Ílethc3(j used
in B/P Bios is compliant with CF'/3! 2.2 iíj direct
oí"
v\
accessing
Bios functions
cmly one riiinor exception wheií us'iiñf the'
Banked
ZS2)OS2. and coma iñf uüíny oí the CI-'/M 3 extens ions added
íc: i" t?a7]R·¿-!
\\'i
SOIhGsuppcn"t
be
[}iellí()ry
íh
being modified to
consistent
with standards
.
í"': n"
adopted
s()f't',\'arL-.
Z-.Sy.rtern
Ihe excepticm to CP/M 2.2 accesses
OCCUl'k v\"i"íc'rí
Operat
Sysíwií
the
inj'
can acce: sx certain
buffers in the Systeflí l'4emciry Eiarí!:
E3uffers
Check Buffers
(AI-\"),
with ZSM': -, : AI locat ion
(CS\").
and tht-' Di ti.:
Host
l
Puffer are' al containcÑ in the Systeni Bank and not
acce.q>ib!€
fi"oní Trans lent Progranis
To compensate
for
we have added
a command zü
.
ZSDC'S
2
to return the free space on disks (the most common reason for acces>ing these buffers) and tal iored sereral
les to adapt to banked and nonbanked
systems.

their

a

It

ith

.

.

Fit

this,

directly

utilit

In additicui Iq the priníitires initiated br Digital Research.
funcwe added
tions to directly access Words and Bytes in extended banks of memorm Directlr
and properly
accessing software routines contained in alternate memory banks,
mana?ing
These
the systeni when errors occur.
features wake B/F' Bios much rnort
These
robust and resi lient than other products.
by
features are implemented
methods
system
les
transparent to the
that
so
the
functions
sanie
art-'
utilit ions
aval lab : e iii bot h bankt'd ancl non-banked
vers
.

5

FEATURES

2.5

B/"P

BIOS

Other Features.

B/P

Bios contains a standardized iderit ification method which may he used to
determine the hardware
on which the software is operating.
This ai lows applications to "adapt" to the environment in a wanner similar to that used in ti"íg
community.
rest of the Z-System
It also minimizes system "crashes" by executfeatures which may be detrimental
ing programs
which assume certain hardware
The
effects of identification of physical
if executed on other system:s.
system pararríeters is most readily noticed by virtue of a single suite of
performing low-level funct ions such as format t ing and diagsupport programs
nostics which function across widely differing hardware
platform. Portability on this scale can rarely be seen in other computer
systems.
in a B/P Bios system.
3.4 Environment with extensions is mandatory
address
and
System
Segment
size information for
Beginning with the addition of
CPR, DOS and BIOS which wei"ú added
in the ZCPR 3.4 Em"ironwerít. B/P Bios also
acids a Resident User
Space
which may be used to locate unique rout ines fat"
app!
custom
ication.s in a rtianner similar to, but more consistent than X'Z-("'("): ..l.
Em"ironment
An
\'ersiorí nunibt'r of 90H identifies the Z3 Environment as, bein,"
H/P
deíinitionsn
conipliant with
The

ZCPR

Banked
progran1b
may also be placed in alternate
ñit'nícu"y
systenm application
and
banks
sizing inforniat ion contained at standard pQsitiorí"Y
using Iocat ion
This ieature permits
\Üüjiñ tht-' Hios Header Structure.
greater
without
precious Transient Program Area. while t!íc"
funct ional
scheme' employed
ion is subject to minor aciju"j: nient> ajj
in thc
l-)ec()r!|e>
i"ni!y
banked
7S!JOS2
dere loped. experinientat ion and 5L|2qL-"qnmrt- f i
tht
s 1"(j: ;zinÍ
encouraged.
aire
tioñx into

In

tty

thi:

6

sacrificing
initial distribut

significantly

B/P

Tailoring

3.

TAILORING

BIOS

B/P

Bias.

i3ios
for t"Oúl" use, or adapt
to a new hardware
set, you
and
ansembler
of
producing
an editor
an
capable
standard Microsoft
Systems
Relocatable
using the Hitachi HD64180 or Zilog Zi80 must be
assembled
with either ZMAC or SLR180 which recognize the extended mnemonic
of the
which permits assembly
set, or with a Z80 assembler and MACRO
280
and
extended instructions.
compatible processors, suitable assemblers
For
inc lude ZMAC' and Z80ASM.
For any assembler.
to produce standal"ct
Microsoft Relocatable code
preclude the
of our Standard
B/P Bios systems.
to properly
To

customize

a

will

a B/P

it

need

files.

file

install

3.1

Theory

failure
ability

will

utilities

of Operation.

In order to understand the need for, and principles
behind B/F' ÉiiQs. you niu>t
understand the way in which CP/M 2.2, as níodified by the Z-System ust,s tht-'
For standard \'ersiol?w
available níenmry address
space of a Z80 niicroprocessor.
of CP/Kl and compat ible systenís. the only absolute memory addresses are contained in the Base Page which is the range of O to IOOH. All addresses aboveUser
this point are rariaMe
lu"ithin certain liníits).
proEraTns
are normal ly
Program
(TPA) which is the remaining space
Area
run fr(jnl the Transient
aftcr
have
been
The follow"inµ
al J Oµeraí ing 9'ystern components
allocated.
depicts
the' a".sigñt-"d
u.'
areru pictcu"ial ly alon,z with sonic common elements assigneci
eac'h iríemry area:
7FFFF',

,
)

Z-Sytren"

BufÍers

ENV,

TQ4P,

Code

"

System

CP/M

2. 2,

Processor

CCP,

ZCPR3. x

t
i
)

Bicis

L

)Operating
{

Command
(
i
t

Transze:

lOP,

ÁLV,

CSV,
ZRíX)S,

FCP,

RCS"

Sector BúÍíe'

8

ZSDOS1

it

Program

)

)

Area
O1OOH

Base
0OC)ÓH

As

more

and

drives were
to Bio.s code
ly scarce'.

i

Page

IOBYTE,

jmp

WEI,

jmp

Dos,

FCB,

Buffer

funct ionality was added to the Z-System Buffers.
bigger
usinµ wore AL\" space, anci addit ionai funct ionality was added
in recent systems. the available TPA space has become increasing-

more
added

B/P

Bios attacks this prohleni at the source in a manner which is easily adaj"'table to different hardware
pIatfornis.
It uses addit ional memory for more than
RAY
the'
of'
rcMz
ionai
simple
Disks.
tradit
it moves much of the added overhead
7

B/P

TAILORING

to alternate

rríeniory

banks.

generic

The

scheme

BIOS

pictorially as:

appears

FFFFH
BNK1

80OOH
BNKO

7

BNK2

7

BNKU

BNK3

i
OOOOH

L
TPA

L

j

_ _ _

j

-

)"

ÁNKM"

RAM

DISK

USER

SYSTEM

j
'

from
the above diagram, mult ipíe banks of memory may be ascan be seen
regions of memory, with each 321: bank (except
signed to different functional
for the one defined as BNKI) being switched in and out of the lower 32k of the
The bank
def ined as BNK! is ALWAYS present and is
processor 's memory map.
referred to as the CO/ÜWoñ Bank.
This bank holds the portions of the C)peI"atin3
and Z-System
BIOS,
(Corumanci Processor. Operating System,
System
tables) which
from other areas. and which therefore
be "risible"
must always
may be accessed
code
contains
the
control
in the processor 's memory.
also
t he Bant
to
It
switching mechanisiñs
within the B/P Bios.

As

illustrate

To
systeni

this functional

ib divided

division.

the

memory

níap

of'

a

basic'

as:

FFFFH

Buffers

Z-System

Space

User

i

'

Bicis
System

Operating
Command
800OH

-

800OH

Processor

/

Transient

-

Bios Buffers
Banked
Ellos Part
Banked

Dos

Part

Banked

CCP

Part

Program

CCP

Area

Restoral
O1OOH

O1OOH

Base

Base

Page

Page

Copy

Bank

(BNK2

OOOOH

OOCKJH

TPA

8

(BNKO/BNK1

)

System

)

Fl/í"'

Fiio>

B/P

BIOS

TAILORING

The B/P Bios banking concept defines a one byte Bank Number permitting
up to 8
Megabytes
Certain assumptions are niacie iri the
to be direct ¡y control led.
numbering
scheme.
the foremost of which is that BNKO
is the lowest physical
RAM
bank,
B\KI ig the" next incremental RAM bank, with others foiíov\" in increment ing sequent
A couple of examples
may serve to
order.
The
YASBEC
is
offered
with
of
options in the Memory Map.
a
couple
process.
128k
Units
the MEN-I, 2 or 3 decoder PALs assign the
bytes of
physical memory to the Boot ROM, so BNKO is set to 4 (Banks O-3 are the ROY).
The MEM-4 PAL only uses
32k
the
(Physical Bank O) for the ROM which
BÑKO
means that
is assigned to 1, BNK! to 2 and so on up to the 1 Megabyre
maximum where
B\'KM is 31.

ial

illustrate this

with

first

first

The

Ampro

removes
ous RAM

equipped

the

Little

space.
I MB

Board
from

equipped with MDISK, on the other hand,
completely
the memory map leaving a maximum of 1 MB of contiguIn this system BIKO is set to O and BICKM to 31 of a fully
MDISK board.

Boot

ROM

The

region beginning after EAKJ i: s referred to as the Systetn bank.
at the bank nuníber assigned to B!ÑK2 and ends at the bank number
before that assigned to the Ljse'1" Bank, B\K1-" if present. or I3NK3
Bank area is defined.
If' presúnt
equate
for

It

bé;,'iris

ininiediately

if

(Jser

no

32!: banks
one or i)"kjl"C
of meiríorv H rnar be defined \\'i th the B: ':P:!."
uní que' Use i" programs
or storage areas . This area begins with tht-'
bank nun1!_)L'r
set
tO the
label and endx at the ban! nuniber immediate ly befort
RCK/ defines
a
the B\"K3 labt'i .
high area of physical memory which is Ilioxí
often w>éd ícr" a RAY Disk prcriiding fast temporary workspace
in the f(.)rIí} o! a: .
emulated M-sh cíi"i\¿.
.

B/P

Rios cc: "ííains prcñect ion tüechczrljsn1.b in the ÍQ1"lh of software c"hecÉ> fc)
inxure that Cl itica! port ions of the memory niap are enforced.
In the cam' of'
\"on-bank.ed
systems. a checi- is made to insure that the system size it not m..)
reserved Z-System
great tí"íat the BIos,, rííag o\"el'\i'1"iLe
areas in higlí n)e'rilc)ry (Fx'!".
ICU', etc i.
a
l)C)skii)ie
Q\"éI"ÍjQ\\
the rnessagc'
condition
is
detected,
li
++

\\"iÍÍ

be

mem

ovf1

issued

++

when
the system is
In
be
message
displayed
the top of the system
exceeds
For most
systems.
the 32k bank size.
níepabytes
of several hundred
to be accommodated.

v,ill

if

started.

this

Banked

portions
space

l3ios systeííím this
in the SYStem Ban!.
still permits cii"i\"ésj

Since the Common port ions of the operat ing system components must remain
check
\."isitj)é to applications,
a simi lar
is made to insure that the lowest
address
used by the Command Processor is equal to
Thi s
or greater than 800OH.
factor is checked both in both MO\'xSYS and BPBUILD with either a warning
issued in the case of the former. oí" validity checks on entry in the case O!"

tht latter.

o

4-f

TAILORlNC

B/P

3.2

Bios

B/"P

BIOS

Files.

This BIOS is divided into a nuniber of files. some of which depend highly on
used on the computer, and soníe of which are generic and
the specific hardware
need not be edited to assemble
Much use is níade of condia u'orking system.
Ellos
tional assembly
to tailor the resulting
file to the desired configuraspecifies which fijes are used to assemt ion. The Basic file, BPBIO-XX.ZSO,
of an included file, DEF-Xx.LIB. It is
ble the Bios image under the direction
and
features
contains
the Hardware-dependent mnemonic
which
selects
this file
By maintaining
which
the maximum possible code in common modules
equates.
require no a}terations,
versions of B/P Bios are relatively easy to convert to
The independent modules
used
in the B/P Bios system are:
different machines.
BCOTRAM. Z80
BCOTROM. Z80
BYTEIO. Z80
DEBLOCK. Z80
DPB.LIB
DPB8.LIB
DPB2 .LIB
DPBRAM. LIB
DPH.LIB
FLOPPY . Z80
SECTRAN. Z80
SELFLP1 . Z80
SELFLP2 . Z80
SELRWD. Z80
Z3BASE.LIB

-

-

-

(only needed in B(X)T ROM applications)
(only needed in BOOT ROM applicat ions)
Character JO per IOB\"TE usingz IIQ-Xx routines
Disk Deblocking routines
3.5/5.25" Floppy Format Def initions (if AutoSelect )
S"/Hi-Density Floppy Format Definitions
(if AutoSeiect )
(optional if Auto.Selec't
Additional Floppy Definitions
Fixed Floppy Format Definitions
(if' Not AutoSele'c't)
Header
Table &" Floppy def inít ions
Risk Parametc'r
Floppy Disk High-Level Control
routines
Sector lranslate
Floppy Select routine (ii !\"01 auto select inµi
Flcjp!"'y
Select routine (if" auto seiectiñfú
Read,/'l¥}"ite
cjíeneUc
routincs
ZCPP:
1..\ file equ'ite for tm'ironment
SétÜñ2b

)

n]U)c]Ul
t: h
These
te' varyinjz extents.
Other fi lex are ha1"(i\\'ar¿' \"c'rsiQl") dependent
fziven
systeins
which
naI[íeq
ion for different hardware
requi ring cu>tcmíizat
are
encl \'ritíí a generic "-X'." designator
Tailo: rin;,'
to identify specific rersicms.
f"i"orií biirli)}e
line custoniization
pronipí
ranges
these modules
to comj"lete 1"l-\'ersiom of F1,/T' Eiios gent-rated to date are identified as:
urite.v.

"-18"
"-YS"
"-AM"

"-CT"
"-TT"
Files

- 3licrojlint SR-IN
- YAsFíEt'
- Ampro Litt le board
Con)}ju/TiiI)¿'
S-1(K) board
TeleteÉ:
-

associated with specific

BPBIO-XX.Z80
CBOOT-XX .Z80
DEF-XX.LIB
DPBHD-XX.LIB
DPBM-XX .LIB
DPHHD-XX.LIB
DPHM-XX .LIB
FDC-XX .Z80
HARD-XX. Z80

10

(MISO CPU. 9Z6t"' FLK',
(zi: sü CPL", 1""2 FDC,
set

hardware

(?.S0 CPL.
(ZSÜ CPU.
(ZSO CPL',

versions

1"70 FIX',
1795 H)(-',
765 FIX')

or require

SP: Sí)
OP:

SCSji

SJ90 sí
MIJISK)
lMB Memory)

)

SI)

lPIFl

tailoring are:

- Basic file, tailored for included file names
s
- Cold Boot rout ines , Sign-on prompt
mode, speed,
Equates
for option settings,
etc'.
- Hard Drive
(optional)
Definitions
Partition
- Ram
(optional)
Definition
Drive
- Hard Drive OPEl
definitions (optional)
- Rani
DPt! Definition
(optional)
Drive
Lcní'-Lerel
interface/driver
Floppy
Disk
rout ines
Hai"d Drive Low-7,evel
interface/driver
ines (opt ionai
rout
-

)

B/P

TAILORING

BIOS

banked)
Rout ines (
if
- Banking Support
speed,
Physical Disks, etc
file for
- Configrration
IQ definitions and routines
Character
- Ram
Drive interface/driver
rout ines (opt ional)
- Counter/Timer
and ZSDQS
Clock Driver
routines
and re-initialization
Warm Boot
routines

Z80
Z80
.
Z80
IIO-XX.
RAMO-XX . Z80
TIM-XX. Z80
WBCOT-XX.Z80
IBMV-XX.
ICFG-XX

3.3

B/P

-

Blots

Options.

is to edit the
point in beginning a configuration
starting
guide
is
options.
This
the
desired
select
to
your
file choicesbasic
file
here
V\"l j !
and some careful
to choosing the opt ions for your system,
maximize
and
Some
of the more
minimize the Bios size
your functionality.
of them are:
important optionx and a brief description
The most
DEF-XX.LIB

logical

into M\"CP3'Í "type" loader?
the systení
Ib
Integrate
to bt-' inIf
MC)\"CP: \!
Environment
contained in the'
descriptor
tegrated into a
system the
ní(j\"(i'l: i
CBOOT
Cold
always
routine is
into position as part of the
Start proces>.
Enuironment
Descriptor
i: ."iet tCj NO. a Check. íül i be mack to see
an
if
If
a! ready loadetL anti tht' i-tic> copy v\'i i ] not be loaded
if one is present .

MOVCPM

-

many opt ionx are
f orct'd tí' ]. l .
BANKED

is inc
bank.

- ]x íhi>

juclc",l
\"ott-

integrated

Fios
letu.i to

¿isse}Í¿!}í ing

\'v]íL'ñ

NOTE:

dc'

a

f'oj"

Boot

conseiu"e

Track Instal lation (\'|Ú\"(: P\l sct tm YI--: - 't .
and
space
the Bios \"el"-s>ion Xul7í})t']" i j·.

})an}¿t-(i FSIUS.','
It' set to YES. the Bank cont rol niociul t'. IPC:i".
asstm,!"i ly. and much of the code
is re locatec
íj the" S}""íé!l:
be
Hanke-íl
CAWOT
Systeni
a
>\">tt·ñí
ihní
placed on the
i'racks. o!"
i1ll('iy-' .
l!íín li '\lt")\"\"'í-'")
a

iii tht

IBMOVS
No\-c's possible"
set to YES, direct tI"¿ír"l.s{'cl"
- Art- Are·ct !nzer-ííanÉ
o!' data hetv,e'erí
ban!.>
such
i> possible
as with the Zilog Z180/Hitachi
(4ñjC'.
NO. a 25()-l'yte transfer
buffer is included in high Coih!ikw Menmi'y and Jñ1-€'jbank illO\-éS require
gf hytes throuµh this buffer.

II

If

transíír

ZSIX)S2

If YES. the AL\" and t:s'í',"
- AsAeIl"l!: ¡e tíji s for a Banked ZSDOS2 system"
Thí '>
bufferb u"i!l be placed in the Systeín bank invisible to normal j'rogranis.
C:
has
the side effect
P/j'l programs
which perform sizing of fi ieu
that niany
DATSV\'EEF',
do
MEX,
(Directory Listers,
etc) which
not know about this functic-m
The
advantage
is that no sacrifice in TPA is
will report erroneous sizes.
Set
requimd for large Hard [)isks.
this to NO if you want strict CP/\! 2.2
conípatibility.
FASTWB

RAN'.'
Se-"t
'.t:
- Restore the Command Processor from the Systení Bank
If
Coníríiand
from
Boou will restore the
a reserved area in th: Processor
ban!: rather
cjf
For the maximum benefit
than from the boot tracks.
alwaµ>
tQ
YES.
exíendec:
set
systems
without
In
attenípt
this to
it MUST be sci io NO.

YES, V\'artn
RAM
System
B/P FjÍoá.
mel}"!c)l":

MHZ

\".

°,£'1

cloc!: i"att'.

Ec'

í'Iccc': >.FQr
sí-' z
to g )

.

Speed
The

in closest eren Megahertz
\"áiút entered here' is

(e.g. for
in many

used

a

"L2l6
systems

11

\íj!:

to

TAILORING

B/P

Tinting values and/or serial

compute

BIOS

data rate paraiüeuns.

Skeuí'
Tablet' if NO. a Skeí': table is used Íq!"
- Calculate Diskette
Skew
floppy forniat included in the image.
Caiculatinµ
is generally
from
although slightly slower by facíors
a size pérspective,
efficient
are so sníall as to be practicall'v - umíea.surable.

CALCSK

üac!i
IYtO1"E-

vchicl'i

lOP code
into jump table?
the IOPI\'1T
routine satisfies
If
- Include
initialization requirements, you may turn this off by setting to
This typically will be turned off when EeneIating,
a little space.

HAVIOP
your lOP
and save
system
INRCM
tems

.

ing

NO

¿i

for

integration

MO\'CPjí

to conserve

Is the Alternate Bank in
- Please
contact the authors

ROV-based

system

ROM':

if

components.

space.

Set
to NO for !Cormal Disk-based sysneed
additional
information concernyou

Set this to YES
BIOS
you desire direct
if
- Print BIOS error messages?
Messages.
BIOS
placc·printing of Floppy Disk Error
If you are building roonia and for
ment on Boot
must
tun":
you wi li probably not have
Tracks. however,
this off. Set to NO to sinipiy return the norma! Success/Fai! error flag "n'irh
priníout .
no Message
BIOERM

Some
Inc ltNe ¿j"' /Hi -Dcns ity FI oppy Forniat s '.'
systems íst$-]¿jj/.
S
S"
and
hardware
.25"
disks.
can handie both
supportu the
your
If
and yüu want
use s" disks
as \\'j| as the normal 3.5 and S.ZS"
capahi.lity
seííinp
diskettes.
thi:' to YES will add formats contained in DPF'S.LIH ant!
logic to tht assembly.
control
Future systeins mar take advantaµe of the
Thc
J.S and 5.25" F ioppy Disks which use higher data rates.
"High-Density"
ir
by
be
contrL)!]ed
definitions \íiÁ
this flag as well.

FLOPY8
('oli"l¡3u/1"in]é')

NOTE:

laíger
MORDPB

S'

) :'

and

A[: TO,\!- i: set to
Ifthan
since
necessam"
>

.

Lbc' iimre
YES. the'
led
mav be

NOTE:

larger

-

If

fil

Ifthan

this option
these additional

NO.

will probably
formats

mar.

the BIOS U)
cause
be
not
accessible.

4-5.25"
in adciit ion to norníal
Many of the forlr|¿?,lb
is included.
fj
\4ith anr non-conflict inA— forniats \"ou deñre.
Fíl?8's
DPB2 .LIB

Flopyr
le

(

anti

ope ion,-íÉ

are

Ijul"Ülrlie>.

set to NO. this option will probably cause the FI1(Rj to
necessary since these addit ionai foriuats may not be accessible.

AL'T'OSL

bt_·

if

bc

Is set to YES. user- Include Addit ionaí Character Device Drivers?
and
added
IO
associated driver
defined drivers are
table,
to the Characner
code
Systems
featuring expansion board such as the SB-180 and
is assembled.
and parallel interfaces
YASBEC may now take advantage
serial
of additional
code
NO
Set
within the basic Bios.
to limit
to the basic 4 drivers.
to

MCRDEV

When assembling a
NOTE:
MORDE\' is overridden
to

to

l.l

BUFCON

in the

Boot

Track

space.

and

Installation

the Bios

(MO\'CPk( set
Version Number

to YES),
is forced

distribution files.
ahead

- Use type
to create and níanayi
12

Bios for
conserve

a

buf fer for the Console?
type-ahead buffer for

If
the

set to

driver

YES. code
assemblecl

is

added
as

the

B/P

TAILORING

BIOS

such
(in systems
This device will be controlled by either interrupts
console.
as the YASBEC and SB-180 ) or background
pol ! ing ( in Ampro and Ccmpu/Tiine ) .
is doing something else
This means that characters typed whi le the computer
be
be
requested.
lost,
held
but
will not
will
until
BUFAUX

Use type
- YES
will
auxiliary device.

ting

to

ahead
buffer on
add code
to create
Since
the AUX port

bufferinsz~· the input

Auxiliary Port?

will

with BL'FCO\' above,
settype ahead buffer for the
typically is used for Modem connections.
minimize the loss of characters from the remote end.
and

manage

As

a

of Floppy disks
- Auto-select f loppy formats'!
If set to YES,the selection
SELFLP2.Z80
format
an
aígorithni
in
of
the disk from
to identify
will DPB
a1"ii-:
and
(DPB.LIB,
DPBS.LIB,
DPB2.L.IB)
the
included
optional
optional
files
]q,sz
There
must be NO conflicting definitions
the disk if a match is found.
See the notes irí
included in the various files for this to function properly.
NO,
the various files to clarifv the restrictions.
the sinszle
If set to
file
DPBRA'J.LIB
is included whic.h mav be tailored to contain oñí\'. the fixecl forimí
This results in the smallest code requireor fonrúiís desired per disk drive.
níent.
but least fte.íibiliíy.
AUTOSL

use

RAMDSK

any lrie!}jt: )ry abore
the
- Inc lude code for a RA\!-Disk?
If setDriveto YES,
RAM
)
bank
be
used
by
M:
may
i-ber
(default
is
a
or
for
drire
includinz -. the file- F:.4'l|.)-X>:.Z8("j.
Parameters to deterniine the size and configurcniori arc also includtd in the files DPH)1-XX.L!B and DPB: ví-XX.I..IE.
In systems.
a
withoat extendecl
s\"µ,tc'n)
rmüc"'i"y.
m" to conserve space: such
as when bui!dinµ
for tM boot tracks. this may be disabled by setting to NO.
Systeni

HARDDSK

- Include SgSj Eard ljisk
the ability to access Hard Ask.
\\"iii !)iiIlil}!i7e BIOS code.
HDINTS

Driver"
D:

Set

"irts.

In

a

to YES if
floppy-only

yoe wish
S}"Sté!h.

to include'
NO
entiu"

a

)
Depcuídent
such
1r)tc1"rur·l-as the YASBLC.
In sonic' systems
('QT1írc)j ieí"s usin? DJL'\ transfer
I
capabilities
may bu used.
HARDI-XX.ZXD
9q'j \i'istj to usc
type of" driver specified in the
instead
of the nortua!
pol led rout ines included in HARD-XX .ZSO. set this option to
TRUE.
wi Jl
this
In Ilk.Rñ cases.
require more Transient Prograit Area
since the Interrupt Handling"
routine musí be in Cotnmon Meníory.

- (Syst
di"iren Eard r)is!:
élh

tltA

f

file

drirer

CLOCK
BIOS+4EFI

Include ZSDOS Clock Driver Code?
If set to YES. the vector at
\'\'iit contain a ZSDOS-compatib!e
clock driver with the physical cod': -'
module.
contained in the TIM-XX.ZSO
If set to NO, calls to BIOS+4EH return an
error code.

)
TICTCC
Dependent
- (System
used
such
in systems
as the
scheme
not have an Interrupt

Use

pseudo

heartbeat

feature i"
which Ciij
Little
to control
Insnead. a series-.
of traps arc included in the code (Character
polls, Floppy Disk
Status polk) to check for Q\'erflo\\ of a l-Second Counter.
It is less desirbased
able than an Interrupt
system, but suffices when no other method
is
Set to NO if' not needed.
a"cailab!e.
QSIZE

Alí}P1"O

- Size in l'ytc's of type

ahead

Board
a Real

buffers

counter'?
and Compu/Tirrie
Time Clock.
IQ Status

control

led

by

BL:

This

SBCS80

Fcoy

arid

BUFAI

:

13

í.

TAILORING

B/P

BIOS

Act i\"áté Dynaníic
F'efresh features of ZI80/HD64!S0
In
processurs'.'
is not
computers using these processors such as the YASBEC, refresh
and merely slows
down processing.
Set to NO
not need this
if youthe dosignal
needs
dvnainic
feature.
uses
níeniorr,
for other
processor
or
If your
The
SBlSO
Set
Refresh
for
Disk
uses
Floppy
(e.g.
INA),
purposes
this to YES.
REFRSH
sorne
needed

ZCPR
Since a
init code?
- Include
Bios (which now "owns" the Em"ironment),

Z3

Environment is mandatory
in
has
option
this
little effect.

Z3

identification

For assembly
of a Banked version of B/P Bios. the
of
banks
of rríernory must be made so that the var ious syst em component s
where
Refer to Sect ion 3. 1 above for a descript
things are located.
bank
The B\IK0 value should be the
of RAM in the
these areas.
The following
equates
must be set:
unless other decoding is done.

first

BNKO
BNK1

BNK2
BNKU

BNK3
BNKM

3.4

- First 32k TPA Bank lswitched in/outl
Bank)
- Second 32k TPA Bank (Conímon
Bank (BIOS.
DOS. CPR) area
System
of
Beginninµ
Appl icat ions
User
Beginning of Bank sequence
for
- Beginning OÍ" Extra Banks
bank
ii"st
lo use for RAJ'Í Disl:
If
- Maxirüum Bank- ?\"u!ljr)c]" assigned

-

Configuration

a B/P

various
"know"
of'
System

ion

l

Considerations.

fcjí" integration
OÍ B/P I3ios
when assembling a \"eI"sioR
into an IM filc. size
need not WO1"l"\"
about
of the result in£ imasze is not wiuch of a concern. so VOlt
.
.
Fen integration
inío a sy: stení for loading onto diSkéíte
niinor issues of size.
boot tracks. hoi'i'erer.
the lirúitat ion is very real in order to insure that the
Tyj'i cpR/r)os/B]os and Boot Secto: ü :s :' can fit on the reserved S}"Sttl1h tI"ac!g7.
cal !y. a liníit of slight !y under 4.5k exists for the Bios coníponent . When üjí-k1O\"CP,'vl
flag is set to YES for this type of assembly. vcarnin.gs will be issú't: i
when
the iniage exceeds '1352 bytes (the maxiníuiií
for systeíuí with 2 íjocjtl
Ina:
¿ilÍlu[Íí for s\'5telljb
with a single boor rcccrci .
records). and 44$9 bytes (thzi
Achiering these lir!}ith oftc"!l requires disabling many of' the featurem

first thMµ you should do before assembling the BIOS is ro back up the
work disk for any
entire disk, then c'oj'y only the necessary files onto ahardware
edit iñ€. iífter setting the options as desired, edit the
definitions
of your floppy and harci
in ICFG-XX.ZSO
to reflect the physical characteristics
The

Then edit
the logical characitems.
ab well as any other pertinent
DPB: i'!Pam
and
DPBHD-Xx.LIB
Hard
and
any)
in
Drives
ics
for
your
terist
(if
XX.LIB. If you do not desire arre of the standard floppy formats or want tú
change
anci/or DPB2.LIB (if using auto selection) oí"
them edit DPB.LIB
DPBRAY.LIF
floppy formats.
fixed
using
you
are
Finally edit the DPH files
if
to place the loµ'ica1 drives where desired in the range A. .P.

drives.

whether \"ou want to generate a svstein usiniz the Image file construct
of B/l' Filos (BPBUILD/LDSYS).
developed in supj-'ort
or for integrat ion on a
boot
probably
you
's
tracks.
the
disk
will ñcjt be able t'-'
latter,
f loppy
If For eFaIuI)le.
SB-1$(i!.
the'
MicroKfinr
with
the
options
turned
hare all
on.
Decide

14

B/P

TAILORlNG

BIOS

fol lowing opt ions

be

niusí

turned

off

:

BA\'KED.
RAMDSK.

ZSDOS2,
As an

B1OERJ¢.

FLOPYS.

yoR!)?U.

aid to space reduction.
usually either
or
asseníb!y
based
conditional
on the MO\'CPM
f lag autoníat ical iy inhibits
all hut
F !oppy
from
DPB.LIB.
Boot
conf igur inp for
double-sided Floppy forrtiats
If
(MO\."CP)d
flacz
a
TRUE),
be
assembú"
tracks
warning will
printed durins:
set to
if
Us inp
the size exceeds
thar
for a One or Two-sector boot record.
available
method,
the BPBL'ILD/LDSYS
you
may vary nearl y al l system
parameters, even
niakin?
systenis
for later dynaniic
loading.
different

BUFAUX

and

If

are
you

CLOCK

using a version of the B/P Bios already set for your type of computer,
build a system and execute it. 'The on!r
are now ready to assemble,
would
be
ren]ainin3 task
an optional
tailoring of the sign on banner in thu
CBOOT-XX.ZSO
and reassembly to a .REL
file
file.
you

For
thttse convertinµ
system.
we reccmímend
mode then e.ípanci
from
use the System
lniagí

if'

that i: -:
\"él"S ions nia;c

standard version of the B/P Bios to a new hardware
that you begin with a Floppy-only systeni
in \"on-8anl í'tl
The
there.
easiest way to test out new versions is rc'
(T3Klí
iaüons
file) tííocíe. then adrance to boot ri"ack instai
Enhanc'erüents
desired.
that can be added after test 177§' pre\_i¿)ug.
M 1l) add Harci Dr ires . KAY Dr ive , and f inai ly BanÉ: ng.
a

i

IS

INSTALLATION

4

B/P

a B/P

installing

BIOS

Bios.

Distribution diskette(s) on which B/F' Ellos is furnished are configured for
A 9600 bps serial
booting froín the vanilla hardware
for the version ordered.
terminal is standard, and will al low you to iníníediately bring up a níinimai
non-banked
Due to the variety
of different system configf loppy disk system.
only the Floppy Disk Mass
urat ions and size restrict ions in some versions,
Where
space
Storage capability can be assured on the initial boot disk.
The

remained

in

some

After

the boot tracks, limited Hard Drive support
RAM
configurations,
Drive support exists.
eren
on

is also provided.

and

booting

system,
from either an established
or the boot tracks of the
distribution disk, format one or more fresh diskettes and copy the distribuCopy
tion diskette(s)
the boot tracÉ>
contents iq the backup diskette(s).
Remove
frorri the master to the copies usim— BPSYSGEN (see 6. 6) .
the master
for safekeeping and work- only with the copies you just níadc.
diskettels)

Csing the backup diskette with the B/F' utilities on it. execute BPC\TG in thct
Boot
Track conf iguration mode {see tn2) . adjustinszm all the options to \"í)ü7"
specific operatinp em"irontüent. When you have completed tailoring the sy: 'tem
it is ready í'cr }.)oQtin£! by p]ctcin? the diskette in drive A: and resettin' tht
system

íilc' on the distribution dis!: v\"iii autoniatically éjjiAof in>LructiQr]: > when the system is bocned.
It contains \"áriou.s
pcü"tioñ.'i
toad
i\"l}jc'i]
and
of the oj: 'eratfurther táikzr the .sy'neni
uhicP.
The default
iñf,' systeni
instructracks.
are LOCi bi,tz to fit on the boot
tion >equence" is:

Thí'

saniplc'

STARTU"'.CO31

sequence
ute
instructions
a

LDDS

<--

LDR SYS. RCP, SYS.

FCP

IOPINIT
TD S

IF

"EX

,SYS.

NOR

<-<-<--

MYTERM. Z3T

Load the DateStainpe·r
style !"ik:
and clock
Stamp routine
3 Er}\'iI"c)n])}ent
Lo: ic1 ZCPH
seµmíernu
for Resident Command Processor.
Flow (.ontrQl Pkg and Named birs
I'km
the ID Processm'
(
and
Tiníe.
Promj'z
for Date

Initialize

Alternatives
(6.2i) or
<-- If the file
ex i .st

TCSELECT

MYTERM

FI
LDR

MYTERM
.

Z3T

.Z3T

are to

use

m

TDL'

SETCLOK (Ó.!8)
MYTEN¢.Z3Í
does

l!

!íO't

. . .

<-- ..select which terminal vou
creatinp a m"TLR'\}.z3'I" file
<-- . . .end of the IF
<-- Load the Terminal Ik: finition

hcü"t,·

data

wish to aiteí" any Qt" theqe inicial instructions
to, for example,
iniRAJ!
Time
add
Stamp
IX1KAM!L
File
usinµ
the
iq
capabilities
it
drirc
tialize
with JXITDJK or PUTIJS aricl copr soriíe files there with COPY. these rriay be added
with ALIAS. \.'AL1AS. SALIAS or other compatible files available froríi the ZS\"STIN or ZCPR33 are-aq orí Z-Nodes.
If'

16

you

B/P

lNSL'iLLATlCN

BIOS

is up and runnirí;z
from the Default hoot Track syntc'ni.
in
purpQs\L's
you ñiaj"
the opc'rat ion bv penerat in? system for dif'it"rent
Qí"
1ci!2
from
the'
Many typcs
most ad\"a]ita?t"
orcier to µain
your system
instajiat
of" which is a Non-hanked
systení
are pQÑsit)le. the sinipicst
using only 64k uf
Such a system
the systems
nieinory,
ai i of' which is: in prirnarí" memory.
uses
a
ianii ly, and a Non-Banked
normal
Cornniaríd Processc)T
such as the ZcPk3.x
OperatNon-Banked
systems
in£ Systerü such as our ZSIX)S \'ersion i.
may be instai led
a
dynaníic
Disk's boot Tracks. or created as an Ima?e File for
on
ioadinµ usinµ
the !-RS\"S L"tility (see tn!5).

After

initial

the

systeui

expand

Banked

MUST hc created with the I3PBLJLI)
(see
systems
6.1) and }oaá-·g
LI)SYS
(see
The
banks
(). ISl.
with
techniques to rnanape
níemory
to
f"orm a cornMete
()pti'rat ing Lm"ironment are
and
rather
best .5tinare
Huy
dice!
\Íarn" linage
les may be created and loaded a: -: needíñ
our
optimum
The fol]owin?
dc'.sect ioñ>i
performance.
to raí lor 'rour syueni for
scribe t!icSc' \"ar!c)Usz typ€'g. of' instal lations in deiai l.

utilities.

4-.1

Boot

tu;"

1

jí"

fi

lnstallatior: .

rae: k

:

Utility
different
intricate

tí"".'

ible co[!ipU': erH to beszin c-';c"c'-i1 trú- a 1'!",¿,
placed on a specii led' arí'a oí ¿: l" i'."?l)I"'\ ¿"'i"
1)1" i\"'.Ycí TLká l : "\".
f' i r S [ t\\'O CjÍ' t ñree
t ht
t !","tCÉ9'.
cIt :':t ¿z :"ú
on t li'-'
.
fci7"
: C:a:i
"t$Ocj1
'í
L(ü
>iri.: :'í' t!"'li"acÉ_:
as tlic'
art' rt'ft'rred
.
ilr> r?: '!)[:?',íj
£'¿';l..-í",'¡:
Si;'áCt' :P("? cit {":!iz.·¿!
l:
li" r(¿"'F: 7" ictüd. nei tht": r a cc)n¿r)lt'zc }"s,./j-' PÚo" ño!" ¿.
l)aT'i¿: i ii"
j,,'7/i ' gt..' ',i i) ' ¿' . }ñ"tC'cz'i. a üCd jrrj C1Q\\'í sYsten t()ü>á y '\ l'4'j '\
tí:
ÜMr-:
al'-'nt u:
í'urí"-mr
;;j í.'í U: 'ni' !> li '·n tú starr tht" cQRj;jL!T¿'r arií 9'.Úí"í'í- :- · í7it
t.'i')L-: ":jZ
t
t:
",L'
;
j¿jj ;jt'!" s\"sLei7i", loach-'c! late: " au, r'.üeciec!.
'
c!' >\"-' t lC.
!¿'|(_):'",t

in;"
li: ird In: "!
ie>}Ej"\"[c:

C)pL"]"nT

I!

\": _'1-;

il"ú: \"

!'y
(.t {i
.
ñtLí: -

'u:

S) in

eu

riZú1i.

t'".;j,

i! t!n3 (}'

'"-!

ccviinar

;'{C": ',ZI¿t':l

ñíilS,E

a !'It.'-C¿)!!í
tc uin'

iµ"(-?['[:

a

DC"

¢.}

tú: ' \"oü: hidr.l"\i¿íT' . \" '.:
("ij'sT]"ihUt
1O!"l
rorn tíit'
tji "-,;;' :: !
tA fscjot
4
Sec:
;.>\">,tt.'t.;
{Ée>,c!"ii)A
:-'>
abm_t- using bi'b\S'.;!': \ i; " '..
in
tzon
u.')
:
i-: [jé;-';
cl1f!€'r"ñ'is€!
o!"
c1jsloRítz€
the Boot Traci: sysíeri. }"{")".:
í-ct
iu,; ii,./;
A:- mjúi"cu se'u 1í19 certain u!" í!ít' eqLmtt'>.F i lZ t hi- li: .I -"!"1ácÉ
¿'
]"q as2ti'l]ibi£inst:rc
coí"rect t ;jpc of s;µ't) tem.
a Fmcn
'

rk" corn
¿'-jl"Í,\";f)!'
the'
"
lt"
yuz".
c
.
i:
a"·: 4c'!}:í"F :c i
f'j it: t.
t tin,. t Él'. m'- I '""·t

j.;:'

Sr\"9

aI"t¿'

Sy

ltÍ}l3L"}rt¿:

:}I

if-Yi

\"tñ"Sj

'l'rac'l:

: nat--

L'L!u;¿TL":

:F a

MOVCPM

bt.'?

BANKED
ZSIX)S2

Sct
Set

to
to
Lg)

rú

OÍ

ES,/P

s: ¥"µFtel$í

'_SlO:

t

:

YES
NO
NO

e lenient
of l3anÉeci Sy: -:téñ> is available
in a Boot Track installation ii
rríenl()!"í"
i> a\"ailah!c',
and your B/P
addjti("naj
Bios rout ines support sucn ,t
feature.
jsí teature
re' loads the Command Processor froto
hanked
memory
inn
stead of b"cmi the Hoot I'rackx of a disk, and 3.enera¡ Iy produces
less ccr!í
(takirí>' je,ss space on the boot Tracks) and executes faster.
It is set with:

one

FASTWB

Set

to

YES

if

desired.

NO

if

Karin

hoot

from

¿jj-.µ

1 :'"

E/P

!NSTALLAT!OR

oÍ'

Sorne

system

the ieatui"t"s
are set as:

Th(1[

7t'n¿1'a

! 1\"

MCRDPB

Set

DPB8

S.t-'t

MCRDEV

Set

to
tu
to

When at least these
41 hare bcen made to

need

u)

be

tlisab

j c-u

SÁXíi'.:

to

?1

!3l(j9

s'.:íi:a )

luí"

NO
NO
NO

others you desire to chan?e (sec· sect icm
Jes of the system a.ssenible
your lgpEj!o-x±:
fi
be
used
to a MicroSoft
to O\"tjl"file. This output fije may
file
lay the Ellos portion O! the NO\"XS}'S.(: O:b'l system generation uti!ity (see 6. itf)
pro\'iáe("í
furnished u: ith your distribution disk. or an equivalent pro#rani
\\'it!!
MO'v'ZSYS.
(MO\'CPM,
MO\'xSYS
etc) i>7 a special
your computer.
or its equ iralent
proprani
custonii zed for your parr icuiar hardware
containing a) I the Operat im"'
"n'hich wi i i be placed on the Boot
System
components
Tracks, along wi th a rouacicñ"esst:
tO
aítt-'r thi: interníii
s to correspond to a sPeCifitú menio: ru" g iu: .
t Ml'
equates and
the component
standard KLL.

any

Tlj : \cl'j the nú". !\iút: - you jUst assembl eí"i.
tf. I
"pee ifvin"" \'Qtif" cor'ípaít r "< }¢o'\""qH\"b
P¡"C)lli!"[Stin-" ñé\f !$ics.
Once
U) (7\"e7"!("Ly

j:

filc.

absolute
sy>t

if

élh

\"(_jj-l

rcíi&

¿2i"t?

to create'

iXSI'Ai.i 2 ( see pr(jcL'duIc: >
or equiva lc'nt prc'm"ai'i: anc! Icu io',',
has saved
i!CSTM-!±
¿;
rekjcata!)}c'
ciiú:
boot
a
k containing the nioa:
exec'uít'

!ri
tÍf
or

!'ic':

.

Aj' j'\'"\" 'i} 'Y
i '"'
INSTAL12
l" '
t '")f· cc)Hj¶i._íntj
sv",teni
".e"nic'í: S) [v")
:
n'íu
$yf>[eÍ!i
.\!{)(iL)
pí"'-)?j"aaj.
\"úu
'jt
create an \b-solüté
i: : ¡t¡€"jlt l CÁ , [Cl rM' o: "i;-'::í.Á
Sinct' the fu.nc 'i ion: í i ptK! .ion cl' you r ñt",\" prc)f'ra[íi
1',"¿1 ! Ú'J'l
i¿"i : '1- ci
)!Ü'\".\"S\"S
:
hcÁ
!6
c)i"
Lt:
-.t'
éc:
e:':p
\"cjü: qi" j ? iÉái (jL)cunl€'nt at i c!"
tñt' nít'l
.
\:("\'"::-·.'}'!1.
Ü"1(.
-·.[el?l.
l2ü'",'
'Y'iif;
¿j
corl!líí(il'?:
i>:
!'\":
tü g('n'3r¿"i?L'
ecl'-!

irísíaii

used

\,"cm

1\"¿". A-:

first

rc

MOVXSYS

*

nn

]"c'l"/l¿·icÚ

<---

oí'

íílc.

}t\}'i'{Sb>

mu

\'ot:

r

U.·l"'.:

j;i

{t\";jic¿i} íy 51 iu: a modc'raui· hcml s\-: ',z¿'1!í' .
¿'QYj
not \\'1" itú iz
t
tt\·f prc'zran.. {(i í"ti: a )lí t lit-' iííiagc in r}}errjo¡"\"
A€'f}
iíH¿""i?c'
!ji"$5\'"}·í-:
ñC'\'\'
the
üi,.ij\"
rm".
a
l::\"
\"ql!
u: 'to write
to the systt.": ;
tú
diij:
t: n--.
1)\"
C¢
v\"itij
cji.5Éc't;¿.
ej:
í.tj_)
this-.
iiF'SYb,c!Á
\"t)¿-;'
;_>1.._:
no ar2u{Iíer!t: 7
cc'jtir7?
'.
íraü.-t',bun
askc-á
:
jtj
!ni¿i,'{ .
"1suc
¿j
:
tñ€'
:·
!'/i17" aµ'- ktú'-irn
for tne routcc' c'i
áfW !:
m,:

í'|\t-

nn

!"t-

"!!1: -.

It

i:-,

4.-

¿¿

íhe

S>l?t

SYµ

rM
ii Hard

a

tectc'r

utilityTilewhich

\

wrote the
to the s\"sté¶:

system
seµient: _
irrtagc'
new
tú a
tracks of yout-

f i lename

filename is the
qj" equivalent
existin? ln1a§!e Í: tlc'.

u'hti're

19

:"iúíü

install replacement

li

file.

BPSYSGEN

Kí')\Y'j:

y'}

INSTAL12
the
conmiand
/A io
usc'.lrlia,'?c'
Sys.tcni
it', or used a
use hi'S\"SGí:
to \\'Í"i te the iniatze
command
is
The
disk.
proper

yuu
o\"éj" a
di.U:

booi

tht'

t,' i. ! ·-.

naníe

uith

the disk: íiK
outpu: to a disk-

of'

in;-'
á!_,

supportz bootin;z frcvi,
cict'aui t Foci
altc'r the
in !¿í{)',".xb}"yµ o!" eq'_: i',--

is',
1j-7 a
and vour .¶y.~[eL|l
l-farti bis.!:
systéá":
?.'.i"1 -L'cf"t ¿"t'- the' \,·!Ahix
\"Cfj nL)rn"¡nj iy íríust
.
'.;¿
í$oí\í Sector cc'nza int-d
i rcúí: t)ít' ci.: 'f á21) l' F U'jY'"
j'j

rrrinen

.

.just ci"eated br e.xecur
file. or mth INSTAL!2 on

you

B/P

lNSTP'.LLATIOH

mos

alent

.

custoniizecí

Thi s al terat ion is accompi
to the specific Hardware

ished
System

by HDBOOT
used.

(

\\'ñj ch

h.Cj)

see

be

must

t'.ftér the ahcn"e act ions have been completed as appropriate,
tal lor the boot
(.sec
with Bj'C1\'FG
Track f\"Stéñí tO refjecr the desired staTtin? configurations
Such items as the desired Startup
6. 2 j .
Bank Numbers
name.
(critical if
file
FASTWH
is used) . and drive types and assipmments
are rout inely tal lored at
When the you have
finished this step. test your new systení by
this point.
resettiruz - the s\"stétÍi.
cvcüinp
the power and .vou should be up and runninrr:
or .
.
..
Non-Banked

4.2

Non-banked
Boot
Track
must
hart'
A

image

lnstallation.

may be installed
covered
in

as an Ima?e File as opposc'íi
to the basic
4.1
To create an lmatze Fi le. \"u'.:
abore.
4
·
M! or ZP: J- vers ions of a Command Processor (ZCPR3 .x or equi va }Cu": Z
rec'QRlníen("!€-t.!
(
l .
an Operat
zsms. z-m-. reconmended j , and a RLL vers i cn cR" ! ./'i '
ijio.s Io? \'üu1" s\"StéEj assembled
in l)!íi--x.r.l-.!b set to NO.
\\"itii the MOVCPM equate
()[hc'r
equare: ': in thi :_> t' i le imy be set as descri bed above" for the" !sócít 'l raci
sysíerú.
Sincc ]¡!laµc' f lies are riot a3 constrained in si7e as is instai iaticm
szenerai 1\" be' act irateci such
for HOCit '! rac! -3 . riíort- i e'aturc's
mav
as F.rror Me j;-·
.
.
ac!S
ra'g jgl\"é.
sa,2ep.
iona! Fiará ijí"i\'é partí t ions, and complete i loppr Formt
sÜitéÁ.
ih': ' !Ihzjñ yrecat't ion here F3 that larpe Hard Drires \'\'1
raj"id iy cau: u-·
sipr: !icant iQS'úr cl" ;J"a.n"',ient í"rQ?}"anl Area s ince al i Drivü parameters níuút ijt'
ki;i"ñ ll"tt: [íl:."'i:"L" átxj\"t'
the' Fsio>.
in !)t"()tUc[[-:

systan

installation

in;

ft

i

Aít

li

i

U)Ú iíicri,
[!c(:
íSh·-'u
u) rt-'i j¿·c t o:
YES: . iind
it-t
C'i

L_)IÍil'i

tía". l'écR a"st'n)!'!ec!,
': !', I!)t' Fí'pg,_!i,',:

lnia2e
m
(sec
mimníal
s inc'c'

an

t'i

le

be
niust
Sct the
baní: ed bicis

producc: í

.
".

TÍi!

:"-.

' :',.

in yt'nl: i
t".l).
'j'íi!iu'
\'L7[?-tÍ?,rLÉ:
€'¿i
1\"
Icu!"
ies
l'As'r\ilí is set ¿("7
íly
fithe work.
ifKon-hani:
Clf_)
FiPiú
rhe
standard
t·'i y\"·>tt·T,.
Ill'f'.t-'t jy"2 tnc- ' standard" CF',/)i 2.2 sizes. ycrií
ñQ!"ñ"i.":
iµ
'" U!'Aé,2jhCñ{"
níar
arixwc:
are
,.
t("1"?
cjt fjú";."
\4"!
,"í
.'\;"¿-¿7
Y
autír-, lZé?
P]"F)?r[¡[?i
í
Of'Tá1!i
mamnium
the
I'ranment
íh:t:
Ej!?fy
j
'iben
s u'or!:
li.!-' coníp!ett'.s
re"ultin" sysncíi,.
. a f'i le. norn"ta ly 'i: iti\ the'
ciefanl t íí'pc CÉ" . j)f: :. \Á"j i ! Püí\ c' been placed li in the current ly io??e(j br i\'e/'i"-·': :!"
'yuí:
ái"t',: ¿ ant
art' l"¿'af'.'L" tCj l'¿"rf'ocij? the.' ríe: et step in preparation oÍ' tht-' .\cu:-F

i it"

n: íniz'

i

han

$1t'- i

:\s
be

\r\ i

t

j íva c:
j,

A

t !: t'
!o!"ú'cj

,

i ns t a

raí
cal ! iríj'

j"racÉ:

i I

itenís'
ni: .i>u
aborc . severa! system
at ion covered
loaded
and executed.
bef'ürc the
may De safely
This is done
L)\"
FÚ?( NFG
with the lniape Í lle name as an arg.ument,
or speciÍí" In]¿¡: ?[-'
confi?uration f'rox! the interactive menu (see 6.2). Set ali iténjs as yo",'
desire them in the operatin7 svstem,
particularly the Bank Numbers (i!" FAST'uis active) , anc! tht' Disk Lfrive characterist ics and assignments. When this Mig
been
sar isfactori lv compieteci.
and execute the new i\"\"ou are readv to load
created systeni.
t5oQt

jnía,sze

lnstal ling an 1wr!zc- Fi It' (default fi le type of .j)vfg) is extreníelv easiy.
(-)ñ ! \"
(see
the uti !ity Íj)S\"S.CO)\i
b. IS)
is needed.
If' the file type has not becn
from
chanpeci
the defaul t . USG, only the basic name of' the [rr!a/ze Pi le neecj IjÉ
passed
i.2F.\"S
\'\tt'ñ
e\"ecu[E: ("! as:
to
LDSYS

IMGFILE

<--

Where

TMG1·IL,L'.

is your

Image

file

ñ-": ñi:-

19

B/P

INS1ALLAT!9N

The

EllOS

operatin7

examineú
system
an-- first
parameters oí" the currently-executinµ,
oF'
Iniape
for suitability
loading the
File. It' it is possible to proceed. the
lrriaµ,e Fi le is loaded, placed in the proper memory
locat ions. and conmancied tíj
'
I 1!12
the:
f3/P
Cold
The Cold
by
Boot
Boot
begin execut ion
bios
caí
Vector.
red
O)
(Bios Function
performs final instal lation, displays any desi:
openinµ
to the Command Processor with any specified
pronipí and transfers control
Command Processor F'epiaceriíerit
Startup file for use bv a ZCPF'."$.X
.

Since a
the Boot

non-banked

Tracks.

Pi

Image

the

initial tailoring
niay be altered

sanie
sequence.

to specify

4.3

Ban ked

Bios,

le

a

v\'i

I! probably closely

resemble
generally De used

that contained on
to complete the
is desired, the Image File

file
different file
different file using BPCNFG.

STAF:

TL/7'

If

Non-banked

may

a

lnstallation.

System

and
system
ioaíiU v\'ñi C I_l
an linage
may be creattN
'jvith the Fil!" Rios s:ystc'm,
Qt'
bank,
the'
LAos
Systeni
retaining
a non-bankeci
places port ions
only in the
níaximum
app} lCáand
System
Operating'
therefore
corrípatibi lity with existing
f
thousand
be
é\'\'
norniai
A
reclaimed for Transient
ly
tions software.
bytes can
Pro?raní$
inc'reasin;z numberx of ¡Qgic¿"l}
in this níanner,
althouµh iarze ancí/or
drives will st t! i rt'dti': TPA space becaütte of' the need to .StQ1"€' AI Jocatic"u',
Vectür iniorníat ion in (_'ohírlíorí tkuíim'y.

t

Ib prepare
particu!ar
set am

mmj"'ly
súc:h i: >'.y."ñcm
eIÍ"lphag>i: 7- on üíú bí'."-µj:

MOVCPM

BANKED
ZSDOS2

Ser
set
>oCt

edit the
.1.1ií fije
tc
Zd
tO

r!t'E'{je(i
wherú

bios ii le:' iÍ
tlít: ÍQj io'n'íng

neces",st: ";. íi'it!"
tXjLi,7Z£'j, !íiií: ." Ikj

NO
YES
NO

sjiñc€
Mznkeel r!¡t?nÍcl: -\" ,\.f¿ '>"' 1)€ a', ¿'i! iÁ/í¢-· jg: j" this, tvpc O! insrai lat unn.
ai"ai iabie to rua>: in::Úe systení
pí"óbabíy
mint tiie i-,i'-,í \irirjt !$;:m? ÍE?&'U.lTé
sc:
O!:
";.It-'
10 ac'i l\":
this
thc t"oiío\\"inp equau: ' am
nianc'c' .
'{]O"l.

you \\"t
pc'rlt"'

j '

"-

t

FASTWB

Sf-"t

to

YES

the Bios to a Microsoft .RLL file \'\ÁÍ!
the editing is conípiete. assemble
ZFLJC
anci
such
bui id an !nía?e system wiüí HPb't-"ÍL!-}
as
assetnbít'r
an appropriate
bicc-.
nanie
in trten'u l to the narííe of the newly
(set' Ú.l) cnanpirw the
file
cont
izure the default condir ions i f necessarr v\"it íj
creared Bios file. Next ,
2
j
BPC'NFG
and
(see
in the sam'
the new system
(i.
you are ready to act ivate"
LbSj'S
by
with the Image Í"iie ar7urrlent
manner
as ail Imac'e fileu
a'n
calling

When

LDSYS BBSYS

<--

where

BBSYS

is your

Image

Pi

le

Name

systerrí
described above in Secr ion 4 .2. no
with the completely Hon-hanked
establ ished tor a Startup file over that used for íhtare
ne"i' requirements
Píwcessor and Disk Opei"at !út'
imt ial lÉtzoí Sy>íem since bcith the coníniand
needed
by app) i caí ion progrz},;':
>
ciat
}]c\
:±
unba!"!; eci.
an'.i
Systeni
are
arc
area:

As

2C)

B/P

!NSTALLAT!O'I

BIOS

As with all Image Files.
additional
Íeatures' such
placed in t he System bank.
an.ci
KÁ'\Í
Mei':
i-risk
drivtmore
extensive
as tul l fsios
Floppy
formats
Lrroír
sages.
assenibly
he included in the System
sincú
may generally
tht'
definition prior ío
size const raints of" Fsoqt Track systenis do not apply.

4.4

F

ully

Ban ked

Installation.

Image

takiñfz,
To create a systeni
rnaxirnum advantape
of banked memory, a special banked
and Coinmand Processor are needed.
These
have been furnished
Operar ing System
and Z40.ZRL
packa?e
in iríi t iaí form with
as ZSLXJS20.ZI'L
respect ive ¡y.
They use the Banking features
of B/P Bios and locate the niaximurú practicahlt'
Of signif'icar,t
iriipor-aníount
of executable code and data in the System Bank.
1()!?
Program
Ai
Locat
Area
níaxilÍíizin3
Transient
the
the
Drive
tance to
is that
niaps are placw7
in the Systeni Bank meaniñfz that adding lar;ze hard Ciñ\'€·"i.
Cij"
mujz iple cií"i\_és
produce
only minimal expansion to the resident pQrtion c:
tht' F'io;>.

this

kit

j

i'uily

t\.

bar'h-cd

cuÁtQ!!]!7c'

equa«>

fíiüj,
s\": itéñí

tiíi'
sire

SiC""

iu
1\)

creatuci hr ec',it im tht: L¢,/i'
Insure that
your (!esireg.
Set
Sui
>,et

BANKED
ZSljOS2

\',
(.)

li}

rj

.

\"¿-üt

í

.

tl"ít'
!,qF·n"lr";ie

FriOí-.

<--

whtu"t·

ix vour

F6A\'F±S\"S

{iij'i'c'í"€'!"!c€'$

Íl!:&2s

;¡j:

¿'

i-

ñÁ!i: ·-

a
used
Í'q!'
ban6c': "i
my exvO irí the Martup
1j12
l i le
tht-' t ñanµü-s anjc)lln[
iterrci
such
de
¿i
Stan,;"
let
au
to
I'c.'i"
v.'i t i"í th-t tui ly-ijaI1!.: L'(:
i he ?[\")r!-bani¿: (| LSi: '7'sj i','i,i ch is not neces,saiu"
7.s!K}y.
2
On i\"
ian'.l 7dü.
Éij'"' t cpe Cit c lock neeti
he speci Í"ic·ti tor :(µy!-.l{)g.p£.
u! p.3!
h'-'
?Á\.)
ÜlC'.'í:
u
l. oni: áanci
1> incí-'
t
contains llicjSt COElfMjñ !\".
Processor Replacement
ü",€u.i
2athtg1"ccl
tj"QIli a nuníher
ot
c'onímantA
1RC!V
Resicient (jorriniand PrQc'e'sy.oT
pacÉ: aµ"€:!. . there' i :- rioriíía l ¡y no need
tc\ load an E'CP.
A siµ.1p}e
Startup t"i!t'
found
acjec{uar€'
o!' rhe
durim {jeí"clop!r¡ent
ly-banked lS/P sysneiü is:

$í"síen,.
llÍ()(lu!t

(.í¢jnt"r¿1

file

l 1\"

Ul!r

fui

ZSCFG2 CB
LDR SYS. FCP ,SYS.

NOR

IOPINIT
TD S

IF

"EX

<-<-<-<--

MYTERM. Z3T

TCSELECT

MYTERM. Z3T

<-<--

clock to iiios+4í'.li
Environment sépmént>.
for Flow Conrroi and Naíneci biu
Jnitiaíize the tO l'roces',sor ['k:?
Prorrtpí
for bate and 1iríie. Sél ( Ik
Alternatives
are to use Ti)l..'
Sí'"l'CLOK
(6.lX)
(6.2lj or
the f'iie M\'TU\'$.

1}'it.í

isi

your

iñií: sx-

jí.;

ii

cl ted abm_e' \\'qu id 1')c
In this case'. no: "ic' oí the norm i ini'tia! izat ion sequences
f¿"."
ano onl v [hos3e contained in tnt- bb[arEu}'
executed by thú Mc'n '}"r,"ick sysreúi.
:
HÉ\">S\'S.
opt ions áhourN and are felt [(") tm-' conir¡,uT"i it\"
m woulci u·jczl!".ions other
tQ irírenc ñt""A' cL\tíl}-"\Lrj¿í',
a'iü ,>equc·ncL': ·i.
4.5
\Á'jj

in
:C'

Case

\1': ·

Protjierrls!...

oí

¿i[tf"'!i!""(""¿

LO

t"éÁc'í'jiíu

c'3: ]s!'j-'re{.i
y(.3I_}rg>¢~:

!í ir'
syvúem u;" t!K'

¿i

t:

> i t .t
lurjilij"!-.'.

\\l"í.: ;í
PROBLEM:
r)AnnL'l".
systt'n".

f'C:

cn'tl jr"j l"}!"(."Isc("l'L¡r{."q
tu" T pj,t: zi;"ijíj1
rnt: ú li,,-.'" i>; L)(-L.¿1: i:¶z)rLs íi"¡])c'

i

;"1

i(-}¿1¢"]jt).L'

"-": "t'!"s'

an

,"l(l(.: l"Z"7S..¢-'"·-,,

..

.

.I"j¿!
íWíC!

ioatiríg

;: Cñj

f

.5€"t-"hi

i

ic-

u,

[O

1Ú!

ñalís: \i'ittí

iIÍ1","t: -

L1)S\"b.
the' iasí

bank: c'ci sy,steni

i OS,

i

iíy

yc'u
Ü"lc

c': 1ñ"j;,j Úíí jt)'l>
1
1\"
1!ía(1\"ei"(cíir

ahN: 'rí" to

t!ic screc·n cijs't)layµ.
screen c}ispjaylr)f:

µ¿'z

·',

.\"ql!

tí"\t'

1!':

l

j.m..:
i"

.,>

:

.

SOLUTION
ñCjt sc't correct 1\," in the Fío:-., >,iñc€: Fil j : : j"r·:
Sonicthirw
()ñc"
f'roni tije newly-loaded Hick',.
JdSi
oí
one Jispim"ed are printcci
i :-: incorrecr
bank
probiéru
nuníl'er
colnríj(")n
the" most
seí E }ñZ'"j.
toi7 rhis
causes.
PSPC!GFG
(see
ím2)
Use the hidden select ion
íhat the
to
in Menu i OÍ
banks.
and
her
Sj'Ste!Ít
bank
hare
been
TF'A
Anot
numbers
set
col|Í!í:c}n
for
cot"rect
a
ig
Console
itmi
se[ting,¶
for
the
incorrect
of
cause
port.
prob
sett ing
or
data to a device other than the one- inin the I()BYTF which directs Console
tended. Lse Menu ' hPC.\"FG
to properly set the IOBYTE and the console param-

i"

-after the

verily

this

ters.
hoot Í1"o!ñ or load a Fi/P Bios sysreni t"rom a Hard bri'."ú.
the systern attempts to 102 onto Floppy brive
imÜ}ediately after starting.

PROBLEM:

--

Harci

íh"irt'
22

áñ/ú

You

SOLUTION:
ijí".i\"¿
and
'i TJon
i'art

E

The' most
ia¡"py
i'r

¿"j;j

t ñc"

A:

cause

common
clef

i\_c-

Cil'

]\"t'

lñí t
.

1Qñ$-

t.'St-"

Í"or

tb.

were'
íil-"C'j"í.r

is syrnprcmi is that the
not swappea to ciei'intiS
{Síttte
(: '. J!)
Mem
,
u)

(j.

des.i rcci
a
Í!á7"g
e3:

chí'in;

-'

B/P

INSTALLATICN

BIOS

lo the desired cont iguration.
Hard
brirc' is activated ininiediately
desired as the .4: bí'ive'.
PROBLEM:

A

satisfactori ly,

boot
or any program which executes a Warríí Boot
goes
into "Never-never Land" and must be

and
B/E'

The

computer

to

seems

but

after

Íé\\"

a

Control-C),

(or entering
reset .

where

a

is

drive

prograníg,
system

the

often caused by an inability to access
This is most probably caused by assernbi inµ
in DEF'-XX.LIB
set to YES when the systeni
To
incorrect
of the bank Numbers.
ings
sett
or
use
the hidden function in BPCNFG, Menu l { sé':

SOLUTION :
This symptom is
Command Processor.
bios with the FA5T\\F, equate

--load the

contains

no extended memory,
bank
Number
sett inµsm

check

rriay exist
a Floppy

similar situation
atter booting when

drives

most

6.2).
PROBLEM

when

:

the

systéwi
and
sages:

doinpt

to
remains
goes

.

a cold Boot
a !'ioppy
logged- on tho r

brire

from

a Hard Drive
he/"ort"
dispiayinp

loppy.

(from Power
the initial

up or Reset ),
si>: n on mes-

SOLUTION:

ii'!"ii> jy most cUren
due to your t'orgening
to r'-íri the' r!!)!I{K}:
Hard
Koj"on the
i't"i\'é bont systerti atter appiyinµ
with 131"SYSCd'.Á.
l1!AÍ
1\". systetrs c'rti' ttt-: d \\'.iti"i !\t()'\'?: b}"S comain
a
i'íopyi" l.'isk HOuí secínr v: hic!.
i,_:
HL)L\l)(y]'
')!'¿'}"t'¿r¡1íc' System
z'.ill load ti"iú
Iron' a i'íoppy.
lsét: ó.9l n"¡[}\"¿}U7Í>,
Cjf"i
rc·c(")!"[}
a
Arl!-'c.!:
"l€":l
fí:-ird
fies'
tñ"i\'ú Linit sq that the Operating !?\": q[t-'}!i
íc)¿¿("jc'zl
U"Oñt
"C
H!)Éq'.)OT
a
i.ü"i\"ú.
iia:
kun
L)1"Í\"c.
tht't"'i u'--ú
iu
on t!_: e besirúd Hard
F).|'(-'xr(".
l
thz-'
pos.ir iQ7H't1
Ic) iñÑwc that
s.eí' (}.
l(jµic¿il drives
a: ck': - irccl

uti

--

lity

it

init

art

5 ,'

(1Yc-nu

.

PROBLEM:
Ig"

ml

'smen

ut

'".

!

ijic"Oí

.in.-

raní"" rhai'act

thti·

.

tjf'"

c(jnsolt-'

m"±terú

SOLUTION:
Thi".. It. nR)j;L
otten CÍU?
:
ñe·
rrQ!ja!")
1)(u a .rat u .
rímst
y i
.
9OCM
gP¿'_":
G}(r
s,\'síe'üi.
tht'n usu
lset· 6.2)
F'íiy p¿Ártic'jiar
sy"> Ct?líi.
to
.b'Qr¿
(IORYTL. and Scrnil
tmra Ratet, j.

--

Ccvixo

i e

attt'ntinn

PROBLEM:
to "hanµ'

'Mwn

runnin;z

or "lock uj"

either

doesn't

dtsptay

arly[tí¡Il,g, or

.

to incorrect scttin?s; f'ctr thú cur: "erít
i" 1"c)l?!
C:
!iocrt
¿i
or Pí Clock Frequency.
aci just
the' sett in?>
cm
tñí' PTOi:'}Úl!}
to
31E:
n:j ! (ci'lj clock katc'l aní \iünu X

ful ly-bankecj system
the systetu on exit.
a

with

ZSIJÜS

2.

some

pro.c-'ra!!"ls,

y.L-t-'!!:

SOLUTION:
One of' the most common sources of
this svrííptom isi with tñf.
-appticat ion pro?rani where the author used code which assumes that the BÍ)X): > and
OÍ"
Conmiancí Processor
a
certain size, or bear a fixed re)at ionshíp to tht'
are
add!"es'i,4es
U.
m page
\ou may experience this most often when usin? an IYC
,svs,tení huí it bu arísweriríg
it-S to the AutQsizin?
query in BPBUILb (see (-i. i ).
To coniperísate
i or such
i
bui td
i l-behaved programs,
you
may use
a two-step
p'rocesg)

i)

Tiíis

-! :'

as

:

Lse BPi3Uij-b
to create
niamrui i'e: m Ti'A piac'in;
F.: íect"me

rrm: -. ii.i'

apíi

:

n

an

the
v:

file
F'e3ident
IM

irh

an

answering YES to Autosizing
Bios as hi,zh as possible in

argument

of the

name

you

sza'."e

exit.

on
meniorv.

to the

i

23

i

jr

!y.sTµ.L.Lp,1"ln!-,'

b,/p

ElC: S

.lust created ahcn"c'.
This loaas the' tiQÍ iriiticm from the lüí ilk'.
t[unitíjl¿ití"!\"
:\"c)
YES
anci
and
a
with
Carriage kc'turn.
answer
emt
to Autosi zing.
to p!cic'Ln2
keeps
thtsvsteni
se,míients
at standard iocat ions.
This procedure
bion acicirc->.ú,
I
BIXJS
F'l"Qc'€'4.5(")j"
of
l
acidí"esse's
and
Co!nllítln(j
ñio\'é tht' start ing
constant . but m
'
down.
Ci-'/\1
usetí
it' poss ibie. to siníulatt'
standard" tizes
in
2..: .

9l

B/P

PROGRAMMING

BIOS

Programming

5.

B/P

for

Bios.

for tS/P Mos is no diftcrent thrm !"(/íj
exi5tinz purposes. ?ro?ramn"tin?
lj"en adapt inµ CP/M 3 progu: ams for a B/P Bioü shou id
standard CP/l! 2.2 BlOSes.
present no preat hurdle due to the close sirr,iíaritc retained with the correhowever,
The power
is
sponding,
of a l:/P Bios interface.
extended Í'unct ions.
wide
produce
conibined
a
usiñ/z
software
portable
features to
the
across
in
variety of hardware piatforrrís by exercising al l of the B/P Bios features in
of
concert . This sect ion describes the interfaces aval Iable to the programmer
and
B/P
floppy
direct
ease
available
functions
to
the
using the
Bios,
a system
and hard drive accesses
in a consistent manner.
for specialized programming
most

For

flaws which we considered in CP/M Plus was the ckÍc!
of the architectural
We
BIOS access
designed B/P Bios to be as-.
was handled.
way in which direct
CP/M
funct ionai ity
corripatible with
2.2 as possible. yet provide the expanded
'Fo
BIUS ca]lr
end,
appl icat ions.
nt'ecíec! in Banked
with
interface
that
direct
much
CP/Id
possible.
as
follows
?.2 convent ions as
One

Thu fol iov: inz
t uncja!llent?¿! 2,,

intent

O!"

prc): 21"arl"tr!¡in:2
pleasf: re-t

Bios

5.1

with the' bnsic C!-',"'
assuníe somt' t'arí¿-L!iarLt\"
pap'es op prc'=ral!1níin?
i t i s beyond
atz:i v\"i th ZM/Z j 8(1 assembly
ince
s
language,
t ht'
\"
l,s. to p:exent an a>-"'t"R]i"}}
níanua! , and cñir
ing
"u
add
Id
Shou
thi
need
in
ioriaí
you
tutÜ]"}ct! .
art'm
assj stance
Ll) the annotr:
bibl iop"aphy ic'r reference' l])¿iEerla.! .

literary writ

this

tct

er

it

skil

Table.

Jump

is) ' k)
íah!t· coasistu oí 4(' .juinj'.s to various function". 'jY'iííiiñ :
(--'F'/': \:
'
I t
t)(lg1jr:
includes'
conípit"tc'
funct ionality.
the
Z.l
t!it'
g7j'
ñu"'".E
Ñ£"c!L!er)'3t'.
the CF"/Y 3 (aka CP/M Pius. j entry points (al thou;"h muy-:
1!)
di!"iú-t"
uqaµe} . arid ñé\\
register
entíu" pointx
paraníeter orciemng anct,/ür
!
in;:
and
ccüj.gi
neecied
hiznci
hank
¿i
hTéñt
nianner.
in
logica
le
tu

'

Tht" FilOS Junj'
xn: l [71"(j\_iLles,.

ñti"y r""'im g'. c"ün": ÍJu Oí a 'i'a!: je of Absolute' í-tj\"té júw: ps: píacect ai. tiit"
t"lj the- executable
!ní,: 7-L' .
bezinniru'
Paraníeters arc" passeti to tht.: p iü;-j L !"
L
Í"\")j"
To avoid future' cL)rhr)atibí!'ty
the specific operation.
TeS']stcrs as ñti±CitA
i en?i?4
j
pj"cÜ_/
ZsioÁ
Üt'
'.
ccmstz"ucíion
inc luge: \?1
sc.me
e:
prounc!
the
,
for
iii
OÍ"
':
e
re>"i
a
a! term 1c)tj cñ" ,\ i t€:j"ñátc'
Éncie:
bios
resul
cal
as
Is. aricÉ ¿"j ! l
stt'rs
or
':
T)''rit >"!
tisreci in tñt cjÜculrlen"[¿2t ion as bein,sz Presc'r\'eü/'t-'ní2!"!ec[ec!
registt"r:
í9io.s entry points á"iúA
retur]1¿-!.!
in their entry stare.
[ci the cííl finj' prc)?raIl]

!iio;">

l
li
,,l
li
L
i)

i

t:

- -——-—

Fur";ctio!"1

C)

(

Xx'jÜ

Cold

)

Boot

li

Enter:

Exit:

Kore'
l

l)
l.
jl

j-\"ec'L'í€
jy·.
l&Ít¿-i"

Uses:

li

'

ül:

i

>[¿1¿]"[

í._"f'._U·s"',í':"11ÍeI7.

inii. ]aii7a[]c)n
and púintx

cm

[c)

the
tñt"

li
i|

None.

Execution

jl

li

All

resumes

íjt"\"icé

at

CPR

Registers

first execut ioÍá.

lOt'

7:
t:
l)

jun"ij'

))
:)
l
lj

The

rabh".

juníp
?'hc'

ar?unjc·rlt
rea'm'm t'Cjt

2E

PFKRRAMMINS

this

is that

L3,'f'

E!!()S

[(7
pert'orrn
thí: jñit ializat ion is often placed in areas cu
used
later
to store systetn intorntat ion a> a memory conservaare
code
ion
measure'.
thc iniriaúzarion
would then
Attempu. to re-execute
t
and
instúad
of
data
bytes
instructions,
executabte
encountc'r
the systení would
niosT assuredl y "crash" .

code'

wPnch

memory

other functions
Establishing
an
are:

performed durinp initial execution of' the cold Boot coúe
initial /.3 Environment if necessary, ini.tiaiizing any Z3
such as an Extended
Harried Ljírecsystem
seµnients
Path. Flow Control Package.
and
such:
such
buffer
system-specific
setting,
of
as the locations
values
tory
Ai locat ion Vecwr buffers
for KAÜÍ and Hard brives: and execut inµ the bevicú
Tnitialization routire (see Function 21). The Cold fíoot íout ine usual iy éxitÁ
hy chajnin? u) the Warní Boot Function (Function i ) to ser vectors c)ñ É'Cíp<é C) of
the TPA memory bank.

Among

li
))

!-unctiot-,

(;·: ::-¿Ó::

"'

:'

,'
)1

Warm Boot

6'

)j

Enter:

li
!

Neme

l:

Exit:

)1

L±=__--

.---

_

ñmct

"!"h ] '"

, t

1)12 :¿':-,s

i t

t

' ;',.

jp1.'":

Ik---

;é""c"i
¿¿f ú¿'."

i'rQcc^7Áo}"

'[:
iñjí
i
'!c;,"¿¿i:jl.-

'"':

1'j()-'

".

Íl"Cí!:

í«>".c'lÍ|f}!¿"": \í

None.

Ai

i

¿'pj-'.

to

))

RecnHers

).
:

——i'—

Ü:

',C::i

t

tlzs.'

iti,

;{"j,j"

>;t'jj [

ác'!auit
t, i:
í r ¿i "",i

tCtí

cm ¿;

d {' : "\"c
\i"¿j l"l1:

rúturns
Á"n) t

i \Ütj\

t. l")

t ::aci."·

oi")í

) o!":

t

jj'j

.

( Oli: tít :

n'l

i'f \l}h.r-·t.:

L"' I'

.

ij\,-^.'¿/
i"?'."
:
!--i}cna'."L'1-! l
n
:4
c)
:
L-"'.
"
!
>
t
Ir
p¡'\)l"
C
ríc)!r|á,
(i t
i {
.
lit i li
L"i¿-."-,tji2¿it
fb
:
i]:
5[e¿Át.!.
the
¿Ñtt:
f"
julí¿:
Ult
\"'tctoF
sñoüi¢í
in the i'i'.jx
üt, ¿u"2uií|¿'f!: \jÍ
"¿,!!-: rL'
in the cam-- íd \/g("U.'4:
2lís
M: ",Cit- r. Ti"l(-'ILi!. ¿, j2: ngíl);"l:' C'\: i-L·!¥í,C7I'. if.' tl_ii>
' Rex!'
¿t": ci
!51 C)',.
'í',,Uhí
.\CA
',C-CU1
K¢'Á t: ' t jr 7!lt-'
!Jl'lÁ
CIé
in >..t: c'í, ¿¿
Ú\íÜjj.
i :>c(-'
í ü: "í'
j\t-!
g¿zMí
j'.1í"> Tl'tLRÁ
th'..: ¿:j'.; á'z: >", tí) t !7·_
?
')e sepI: .!"."¿Lt"l\" cieíe!"n¡;ljec1
.
-3(ii.
tiori
L)PEl"("Á¿

,Átc'i"g,_;

\i'ú

t ;í'j
l T

Uses:

"U'ji

"

Execution rezurrc

I)

V
ii

rjL|lt\.

"

ii

l!','""'

cin,:

lj'

í:s

\

li
I)

)!

Function

2

Console

(>tüj£)

Inguz Status
l)

j:

Enter:
ii
)1
I)
l

None
il

Eíít:

I)
l
:1

Uses:

A

=

a =
AF

CFFH
c'

n

it

Char
No Criar

Ready,
Ready,

NZ
Z

li
I)
):
\'j:

whether or not a charactcr nag tjét-'ñ
Tiús funci ion reíurm a t lag indicaíinz
by tht' 7()EYTF or Paze' () of t2_íu 'ri' '
t"rorü the t.cms: o }e cié\"icé
iectc-ci
su
enttrej
'-.
tsanÉ:
!)\'
Trar}.si€'IjT
uüec!
Fropranis
'i'ijt:
to deterní: n-· j;
rt'tu'"ri sunu" i: üUerí
.
-.
:'}tc"')1'
}cü").
Cíf"
ry:
e.j'ut
fiá:
r'r()?r¿í1íf
1j\€' us'i'r
ai íe}lil"í-c"¿: íü "nm"t
2E

£3,'P

PROSRAMM!!!Ü

mos

Ir-———l

FuncOon

i
)

Enter:

(

3

vx'j9

Console

)

l

None

I

:

(i

:

Exit:

A = Masked

Uses:

AF

'i
!

Input

ii
ji

Input Character

l
lj

This function waits for a character to be erúered from the console dtn"ic't'
selected by the j(j'jYT'L on Page (j of the 1'PA bank. and returns it to the calling routine.
Accordinp to stricu C'P/3l 2.2 standards. the Most Sipnit"icaní hi í
of the input byte must be sui to Zero, but this rrtay be altered by 'ÜlfÍ irymt
mask for the ccjñsoié
Oeric€'.

l
)

"'"_"-_

Function
"Enteí": C

;

(xxOC)

4

COñScí1

Cnarac-ter
Ccnscj

=

))

send

to

j"Exit:

to

e

ii

Ttii: -,

f

u:

!C'!i"'"7':
r t: CtCi 'E
t-.pt"cN

f"""=' _
i)

l:
ii

jl

"""

None.

)1

Usee,:

At

li
"i:

li

__-

|i,

H
li

I)

li
1(

i:

---__"_íl

C'ütijút

e

""

s,t'rids.
icí on
!'aµc
(' oí
:

.

t

!
1t."c;

rlic

"" " "
"Funct'o'"',

"
2:

"

"""""

",tet"":

'"

"
"
"

C.

I"'):

zr'".

lei

c'

--

c'hm"acít: í" to tne Con"m It" t.'é\"icc'
dcf !r]¿'d 1)\" the'
(:
','."í!i
:
iiaiü:
ibc €".'"i¿'t"" tC: i!€-': :'(':.lL'
wait
añt! "\á . j ! rii ,'j " !" 1)7":
¿",
' c.
¢Ei2íj íri'" t ijc c'j]: "A7aLtc"í".
1c)!
l.
r.!€'","j: e
oí\i [L'tlratjÉ.;t]
tit- cit-'"', if-'.. ¿d:- ¿ill ("./üjjG; .

"

.

- -==_

t

————=

for

— --_.

_

-

__

)

" t_
'"

to

séi":

to

(Printerl

"jr
l:
I!
I)

Ej:z

t:

ÜSéE

:

None.

==-í,

-_

Ust

""

CnaTac,Te!"
¿_2£í ljev

===_

.__._-

.

t
Tí-: '.

""
( 'R '-"jµ"

"
=

tin'

'
':-'ií¿.:","'¿:L'j"

ne'""'L"·ís:
.!!"1

:3fK·CÍ

a

or",

-—

Üuzpu"

ji
,'
li
i:
I!

AF

P

tu!")ctiI-jn
\.\"1Ñ send
a
spc'cit"ied character to
clef inec! 13\" tho lo!ñ"Tí:
on Pape t) of the TP-'\ Bank.
before senciinz
to bc·cor,ie ready. it" ñt."cessál"c.
the
db s.7)eciÍ'je: ¿ j;i the' (:!'íáraL-tcr
berice (:Qr'.j'iµuration
'l"h]yY

List bevice (í'rintc
m.it fen" the cié\'"i¢í
will
It
the

["}

character. and 'n'i } .! nia: 'j:
tOr the Output dericc'.

rj '7
~ e

j

[

PROGRAMM

mg

B/P

mos

!í
)j

j

Function

i

6

(X>:

12)

Auxiliary

Output

'

Enter:

t

C

Character to

=

Aux7

)iary

}

send
DevicR

to
)

Exit:

None.

Uses:

AF

I)
li

lj

i

Device'
This function will send a specified character to the Aüxiliary Ourput
defined by the IOB\"1"E on Pa?e O oí the TPA Bank.
wait
for
device
the
It will
to become ready. if necessary. before sending the character, and will mask it
in the Character Device Configuration
for the Output derict.
as specified

li
i

Function

7

)

Enter:

ji

Auxiliary

(: <:i15)
}|
li

None

li

ii

ii

L

li

Exit:

A = Masked

Uses:

AF

Input

Input Character

\i
li
I
,)
i)
i
l

1j'\'
This function \'\'j}j real ¿j cbaractc'r Í'roni Úhie Au-íiíiarr
Input íkn"ice dc-fincci
l)
I):
irí·'.-'.
o!' the
Bari!" .
the jO!3\'Tí on i-'agt"
It will wait for a character to ]
received. and \\'i i nía.U: j t a"' spec ifted irí the' Character Ikn"ice CQñi' lj2w"át icm
for the' Inptií de-rice.

I)

Function

l
l
)j

Enter:

g

(: ·:x1tj)

Home
It
'i

None

ii

)

li

ii

|1

.i:
,

----—

Exit:

None.

Uses:

AI

Drive"")

Heads on selected
drive moved to Track ó.
i
Primary Flegisners

||
fq
ji
ii
¡i
li

---_

This function ail! position the headís) on the selected drive to Track (I.
in
no useful
i3/i' Filos, This operation pert"orrjjÁ
act ion, and is simpú" a keturn.
Pendin3 Y\"rite puíyzes and head reµositioninµ is handled by the individual
device drivers (Speciíicaily Select Drive functions).

28

Wp

l
'
l
i
l

PRCK: -;RAMM!!\'(;

BIOS

l)
9

Function

Select Logical

(xX1E3)
—-

Enter:

C

l
)

Desired í'6ve
(A=Ü..P=15j

=

I

Exit:

(No

P
'

)

This function selects
disk operations refer.

a

Header

t

h"""""""""""""""""""""-==---··----============_
l)
j¿/
'l

h'unctioíi

m__
)1
trite: ":_"Z': .
))

r:

t

lisio:

__"_—: m--

"" —

_

1t"a: l-'

Dez"u"ec

Numtier

!'
li
j:
—-

'.[(""/: "t-:",
!URUli¿?'1
7hí'
R: :--l \"aiúít 101\.
F:ea':is:
aúti 'n;"j'.e>,.

\'Y!)!iÉe

(;"'-c!"t"j

l:
ii

;¡

,"i

A¡'j·¿
StDTí:

.i \\i

í-(.D,L'jc'r.l
ZÍ4

Furíctiot"í

11

Enter:

t';;

="

{y.>;;']j
bes7rEFí

"

Seítor

Ñ'u,i

(9-bit:

lo--bit
u«': 7 ]!"]
¿j

a speci!"iecl
\",:Juc
stored

\"¿;jút"

ali

}

None.

User:

Nc)

_

for

r

l
l

l

'Yiñi it'
',) Ib

Se

Exit:

_"
7rack

'

iect

Trac:

Nan5er

"' "_I):1

i'.

'\
1\
;j
))

Sá'Y'é¿

i
t
l'
'(i;

Re?istet-s.
—"__=====

_

,

ÍliacÉ:

,

fÉ

NOTE:

l)

"T

—

riur,iher
v\ i Li

for
::)ée

"""

the

Qjñi}

"""

None.

Uses:

No

—_ -f.

ttií: ::rú ;Áj>i
í:ie Oñtj um'tl

this function.

Exit:

-

Üñú"

¿j

Selecr

ji

This tunctiori
stores
opcrat i or . The Íl2sá
íj: jsÉ:
íü"ád.> an: j \irites,.

Hl- =
A = O,
HL = O

Primary Registers

iunctiúm

'¿}jjg3

ib-ÚÚ \_Xjú;' i!. j}?['{: :lÍl£-.í
in ru:.i di í\"t'r>.

"
i)

iíie'f

li

l", ü:>ü.!

i.
),1
ii

It
))

k
1(
-———

NOTE:

——
'l

This

Ail

':
l
i
i

NZ

Adáress
Zero
(Z)

",.

(íjÁi-i

T-

Uses:

Drive)

I)

synüt'ied
logical drive as the current drive to whÁ-'ií
It" the operation
is successful,
the lhsk E'araníetcr
returned for later deterríiinat ion OÍ' the unit paramdrive. unknoi': n c: ¡"
fai is for any reason
(non-exisrant
ráluí" r)ointer is returned to siftñiÍ"\" that the cji\'t-

{DPii,) ad{jTe,s.g it.,
If"
the opeí"at jo!)
t
bad niecíia.
etc ), a Ze7"ü
be'
T !ji1"c}L}7j':
acct"·,sL'rl
cm"ínot
€7"Si

<> C,

A

DPH

i

i

(Success)

Drive

Sector

N'

j

it"t

itñ'.'t

i"

'-.\"i: .

I)
l'
t.
:'

,
8}é'CtOl"

="")'i:

"""""

rmer

j'¿Á-

hi: ,L

saveci

)'

Registersí

)!
li

,

í.oµicai Sector Number
with this function \'\,"iii

tor

bt"

a
tht.:

i'uíure
one

dís"t

useú

is specified for this function. only tht- Jo\'\c-1"
lcppr Disk and most Hard and RAM bi"jt drivers.

:

í

h;nt'

29

PROGRAMMI6·!C

l
l

B/P

Function

i
)

Enter:

12

BC

(xx24)
Buffer

=

Set
,
l

Adar

Starting

i

Address

DMA

Exit:

None.

Uses:

No

""ii
I)

tor Transfer
Address

IJMA

BfO'"'

-—JI)

saved
$
i
t
i

Registers

1

This Function stores a specified address to be used as the Source/Dest.ination
The last value stored with this function
for a future disk operation.
\'\"jj] bc_
Reads
and
banked
used
Bank
in Disk
the one
selectcd
systenís, the
\\rites. In
for the transfer rüay be altered by Function 28.

I)

li

Function
ii

Enter:

li

13

(Xx2K

Disk
,
)

None

)
)

)1

Exit:
Uses:

if

No

ftjñc:
iori reaíi: -, a j.Q!2i cal J.?b-tuú e sector f'rort the' IJAÉ-.
he'
}
by
acídrt"".s
Func't io: ii.
sci
Ñtt "n i t h i"uncí jgñ ] Z .
to t
m:
1Ét?
¿7r¿'}",zti¿")t
'.',¿7c.
ícccssfu! . Xün-Zero if' i".r7c?T>.
istiu" A=(l

"l"hi

f

t

'l-j

ii'

r__
)'
|1
li
4
l
l)
ii

'

FuncCcn

14

mr""______
ii

_

Enter:

C'

=

1

c:

=

('

i)

__

_"__

í): .':z/'\j

for irníne'iiáte wi_jt€
tor Ecttereá w:"itti

Exit:

I
I)

Us.es:

ii

ji
-..__—-

,

-— —

_..'_-—

)j

)1

Error£
it Errors,
Primary Registers

A = Cj, Z
a = Non-Zero

Ail

Reacl

"_

NZ

Tra: !: anti
(ni return,
occurred.

DÍsk

Wri

Sc-

""i''
l'

Errors
it Errors.
Primary Eeg7sters

A =
Nc
A = Non-Ze: ^o

All

-

_ií
rli

te

if

Z

L(2j

F:e z'

_
C',

|1

I)

NI

I)
li

—

ft:nction '.u"iz.c'i·. a ic: 'ic,",i l2S-bcíe sector to tht" DiúÉ . Ji"rac£: anü tíe·: }()}
Í"1"Oil,
If" Re,z"istc'r
s:
the' ad': iress set with Function 12.
t.í by í'uncí :on>, c;-! l
(=j.
but"t"er
an ininiejiaíe w]"|[t; and f lush of the bios
is performed.
it (. =0. l hc·
write iüá\" be deiared (iuc' [c the deb!ockínµ.
'i"his

i

li
I
!
l
i)

Function
Enter:

15

List Output Status

(xx2Ij)
l
P
i

None

jl

)
)

il

I

|1

l

Exit:

A = O,
Uses:

af

N2

it ready tor
Output Chara: Uer
Z
it Printer Busy

a = OFFH,

-

,

Thi: i'
31 F

lunttion

f"L"t'urrí'

a

fj¿"j' inchcating

whether or not

tríe

printer

¡s

:
i:
"ji
E
!i
)¡
ii
ii

_i'

ready tí'

B/P

PROGRAMMING

BIOS.

accept a character.
It us',es the
which phvsical device to access.

Function

16

JOFJY7'E

on

TPA Bank

of the

U

Paµe

detc'TrfiinL'

to

Perform Sector Translation

(Xx30)

_=j'
"7
i)

I

Enter:

:

BC
DE

Logical

=
= Acidr

Sector

OÍ' Trans

Num

Physical Sector

Exit:

HL =

Uses:

All Primary Registers

Num

li

Table

I

té
!1

_.—.-—l1

the IÁWica! Sector Number in repister B("' (íjrjr c.: um>: i
This function translates
at presenr ! to a Physical Sector nurober usiñfz the Translat ion Table- obtair!¿'Éj
froní
by Di..
the DPli and addressed
C'P/M 2. 2-corlír)liaT]t
port ion of
rc:
ioi'\"g
SUi"
JuI1iµ"]
u'nt
rou2hly fol
those
-':í
ry
!'\: rce'i"\_c'f:í í() ht: áeí"icienc]egí'\"c
c'c)rrcc[i(j;',- to 'n'h:
c'í:
iriµ" pal"arl¡c'{¿: I"s. ancj struc'["uI"cq.

Thi

s

ends

tht-·
iéÁ ol'

strict
ñ

ll

!!__"
)!

17

¶1
I)

li
ii

--

Enter:

__""
Console

(X>'33)

j:
)j

Ñj"ié

$¢
li

Exit:

A

li

jí

--=——-

a
cn

]

iii"

P¿'2: "!'

]rjLj}t-at
(.}

oí

A

Uses.:

—i:—-

ín"

t ht'

=

=

o:

FsanÉ"

' "" ,t
d,
li

Z

iT

i|
:i

it

.———-

_-=-_

hetntr

TÉ'Í\

))

Console'
Tor output cha: _
Consnle
E.u'íy
N

Ai"

--- -—=

't:

C).

_"71

Output Status

____

CIFFH,

Reaay

i:
1)

ihi'-,
f::;j¿N :n"; r€t¿["n'-7
je¿"Lc..! h'.
the TC)TÍ"'?""í!.
Uíaraí:
oútF'tt

used
and

jUüp
CP/M

—-

-

F"tmctmí"í

I! tu
Tüijc: .
$.
irí
but mth
in tlit'
inconsistencies

the tilos

_

.-_

{i
É¢
-.t.

not trié console í)e\"lcE_'
is read": iq accept" ans.)[-:

"a
"l·. !"

tc'r.

r_
)

"":
" Furiction

I— —---

——---—
1"'.

"

—_

(x>: 3G)

L-_____

l
)

Enter:

I
l

Neme

i

"

Exit:

l
L
i

Uses:

i

Tñi> f'unct ion returns
selected tn" the IOFSYTL

f la? indicating
Paµe

O

of

the

"

"

Input Status

it

A = OFFH, NZ
Aux Input
has character waiting
No char ready
A= O, Z
AF

i

a
on

"

""""
Auxiliary
if

Éf
i)
li
li
i
j;
:
I)
;j

whether or not the Auxiliary Inpuí
has a character waitinµ.

TPA Bank

31

PFK)GRAMM!NG

(
)

RIOS

f?,'P

"'"""""_'""i1
Funct

ion

l

Enter:

19

Auxiliary

(xx39)

_""__")'

l
l

None

l

l

1

l

This function return
selected by the IC)RYTE
character for output.

flag

a

on

))

Output Statuz

Exit:
Uses:

Aux
a = OFFH, NZ
Ready tor output
A = O, Z it" Aux Out
AF

it

Output
char
Busy

i
l

indicatiñ?
whether or not the Auxiliary Output
C)
of the TI?A Bank is: ready to accept another

Page

I)
i

ii
'

j:

Function

r Enter:
l

:

ii

2C.'

Return Pointer

(xx3C')

""

'!

""
None

jl

,=___

_

l
i

Exit:

HL = Adar

li

Uses:

HL

to Device Table
""""
OÍ Device Table

l'i
ii
ii
))
{
li
!

-=)l___

_

_

_ _ ,, , _ _

_

_

_

i an
i-,
am: jo?íjus.
ci'/y Pius: funct icm a! t.nQ'¿?!':
Thi s: funct ion rcmµ!á li"
t:
The Character
{() tnt'ic" consn: -,:s
(l:
precis,e bic dt'f ín: icms: \"áT\" soniU:',"]at .
lÍi¿iy,É:
} ac!í
Í?íib an input arri
four dtu"ice>: \'o\t, []"))¿ . ;'j(-). aná XL'! .
out ["üjé
.
datm rate sc-Qt iríg> an'! lgi'()E(_)L"ol
f'la '"i. \üi all cIel incá ;-it; ítins: s- ". n. .-\.' K/: Gl"!.
P))'"
\"€' ;'µ i cn
ami X'7': :./X! 'y |lan{j: '!)at: } !íj2 . cl ' rúa;: M f'ti ! l \" IQij'É cííic'nt eíi i n CÍZCíi
.
l
T
are ¿i'."¿lij¿1l'): (: f'-j! !¿"íít'7" cu.panx !t'ti tiut Une.
c("]]"l"es1"c}n¢:

i

"===i:

))

Funct7o!",

£1

'
)(

i

ImtiaVze

(X: 'UT" j
-

Eri te

r:

Nc:

me

--

"_=r
I)

Exit:
Uses:

!1
ii

jl
_

Neme.

li

==

Ali

l)

Dewcee

------

ImUaiization

-—i!
I)

clone

!'
I)

Primary Registers

P'
-¿
-

This function initial izes Character TO settings and other functions ví'hicn ní: n"
of the correbe varied by a Crmi"iµuratíon
It If an extended version
Líiiity.
1(1
cc/ñt
pTirli:
"iry
CP'/Jl
Pius',
iµurations.
is
use
furict
iorí.
restore
spondinµ
to
Iíí
by
"n"ait
aUeratiori
síí"'!"í ¿;: 'í clück rate.
etc,
µaranietcrs:
svsteni
states.
after
anti
tht-·
harci"ñ"aí"e such
\\Éi g}i ai recr ly access
as many rííodeni pro7ragt>,
proprams
r5F'(': ¢T(7
( ü:
C). 2)
!
!.
confipurat iori ut ity.
.
eí'

32

B/P

PROGRAMMING

BIOS

Function

l)

(x: 4>)

T
:Z'Z

of

HL = Address

Exit:

None

Enter:

DPH

Return
Table of

l

DPH

Pointer

start of

i
l

Pointers

HL

Uses:

I

i

This function returns a Pointer to a table of Hi-bit pointers to bisk F'aram-ter Headers for Drives A-P. A Null (0000ll) entry means that no drive is
defined ai that lapKal position.
10>""""")
23

Function
l
:

Enter:

i

i

l

jl

i

t'uncíicm i:-'.

jj

Furicticaa

líes-z!!"\"ts: l

(x:

24

)Lí==——

initial

i:

l

)1

jl

,

Thi "

t ion \\"j";tt: '_,
in lU3ctic]í! i-:
í¿¿sl: yb ál"C: hein;;

\"\"r!c']'y¿-

thí·it

t'h: -' (")!)ei"atjr!:

[""""""
Fur,cticm
i=-=-l

Enter:

25

HL

)

BC

i

This function
banked

specified
of thi:.
CÉ'/'\'i

3

movwí

ñ"tcj\'és
i':

itij

Sn":

_—

.

No

"

"""'jl
tí
li
1·
jl

í: íos

li

Registere
release

_--_?

and

'

sinípij

re'turrm

l)
li

DeMock.er

"ll

'

Pending

None.

Exit:

All

Uses:

PÜ_

—

ljis!
Executeg.

Primary
——

—_

——

w!'

7Üñ:

)1
l)
I)

ReWsim"ií
--— —-_

——.

- --¿j

p€"!")dirlz F)at a to disk Í"1"Oíi"l deMockinsz
b1jf"j"ers3 agÍ RiE:
}iThis'
t'unctior: shoulci bc callt'C 1!1
icai arei-u,
s"\\": zr)i)gci
is, be irip c": changej whctti
ñm'diá
is ;:xjss,i !.Ül. or
':tt",, i4ÜiÍ
not cíttect the chan!'c".
a!')¿7\"t-.

crit
it

(xx4Q)

Perform Possible

-

'the

the

Sector

an;."

Address
= Start Source
= Start íjest Address
= Number Bytes to Move

DE

For

?

"""

l

_

—-_

_

ftmc

tiL)r}t'¿_!

Uses:

B/'p

II
i:

Nctie

.._ , ———="_-_

None.

Flusn
- --_=:í— —

Enter:

Exit:

uúí)

.—_
li

in the

|Y1u}t1p]e

"__""""

l
i

Nd!"íe

i

Ti"ii: i

tor


eqtí j\"¿j iúni funct ion.

33

PROGRAMMING

Function
Enter:

B/P

(xx4E)

26

DE

Start of 6-byte Buff
O
(to get Date/Time)
1
(to Set Date/Time)

=
=
=

C
C

Get/Set
Exit:
Uses:

Date

and

BIOS

Time

of Successful
Error or No Clock
if
Primary Registers

A =
A
=

1

C)

All

This function provides an interface
for a Real-Time Clock driver
to programs
The function
in the Ellos.
uses
format así
a 6-byte Date/Time strin2 in ZSDOS
opposed
s
used
CP/M
Research'
format
in
Plus for this funct ion.
to Digital
Also. This function must conform
requirements of DateStamper(tm)
to additional
in that on exit, register E must contain the entry contents of (DE+5) and Hi.
must point to the entry {DE)+5.
implementing the clock
the actual hardware
If
!/1Cl
second
increments, the current 1/10 second count may'be returned
supports
in rcÜ"Ri

it

true valuc
RegjÑtL'Tb

tht"" Pit'"!)t"(7r!c'i"

FSiCr-.

':

tíí'Qt
jutiiñ
i". nut a}'*'a\">
"\i'i
tii !S/í·' Eic_i',.

F)é

and

i

lity

juiüp Ta!.ñe
returrmi in rezzstc'i" í4t.' is íji íc'r, új,tj.;
jf'í
1!kju"' in.z is achiúved into tne Lí/P data >truíturc>
'("""):e:.
',R
ÍKí4 been
added
wht-·ñ
}in,¿
\":
such as
Iun:

l!'

ai rimnory
IL'j}ai)l€'.

lacauon
whereas

()(.)L)Üt'i

this

noríüat

function

ly pojths

\\'iti

aiv.'ays

1()

tñc í:icúrí'íurrt ¿j

Fil.

return pointers: which are of value tcj program-s which alu-'r
_ ious
Filos
The pointer
configure
or
paraineters.
to the configurat ion are'a
ra:
of" the Bicm should be used
as opposed
indexinµ from the strirt
to
in
utilities
cjf"
the 13ios Juiüd Table since- additions to the jump Table or insertion of othc:
thü Configuration
Area
data wi ll af"i"ect
startinµ address. The pointer irí Iii
is ami iable for UmÉ' in systems which may contain more than four character 1()
dtu'icem
This pointer enables exchan7es
of devices to place desired de\"icL·\.
in the first four posit ions of the tab1e mat: in¥ them available
for selection
made to the devices.
\"iíí tht' tónrn.
After any alterarions
a call
are
to th'
r.'£t\"!c'e '.".(jl!i'}7L¿j'¿zt ion Esi(_)s
Funct ion Zf should be níade to
actirate thc featu.i"c"s,.

3.'j!

PRCGFL'!MM1NG

FI. OPPY

D!

SK

E3,'P

SUFSF(3'CT

L?!OS

1O\'S
.

ñinction 31 permit>,
low-level access to Floppy and Hard Disks {via SCSI interwhi le sortie hardware
face) bv specif'ying a Driver \"umbeí' and desired Function.
paraníeterís
oí
specified.
types do not suppoi"r
the
ali
particularly tor FJoppr
Dr i.\'és,
thi s architecture
mar
supports all types. although specif ic systeíns
Format
ignore certain funct ioñÁ.
for example,
a single
In this manner,
proWD1770/1772/179X
and other
gram
supports NEC765, S\fC9266.
controller types
with widely diff"erin7 interfaces.
Floppy Disk functions
are accessed by
enterin;q a l value into Re?ister P, (Floppy Drirer Number j and the desired
junip
function number in Register C. then jumpiñ? to or calling BIOS Fntru"
number
3í.

I)
li
)
I)
tp
l!

lj

Function 31 (Xx5D)
Floppy SubFunction

—
Enter:

A

=

for

C)
FE

i

B

))

C

=
=

1
O

I)
i)
t:
I)
;:
I)
é'
ii

Read/Wri

te

Mode
;i
-))

l
)

Double

l
l

Exit:

None.

Uses:

AF

I)
ii
i)

l

it

ish.e: q the
Density nioaú of" operat
and '.íriie
ac'ce.ssús
a.ssuníe: > then
.3 (Set
:jÚC'tCfl]"í F)cí\"£' bet'ii cal led

íjñ

It

of'
the I"lop;'y
-í
i
SL}hru!]ctl()r"i:

----"-_

Floppy

Set
i
C:

Ente_"

A

I)

- ljFE" fgy"

-

i:

e

))

B

=

ii

C

=

=

tor

3ÜÜ
36Ci

rpní (norwa"i
rprr'

iú"/©A)

tar MCb': C?'" Control,
ii" Motor a iways on
1")?sfDrive Gize
1
(Floppy F'"iverl
i (SuDTuncT1'3rl
#)
rp

Exi

c)

ji
É
i)

I.'zs?
t' St.' '-

first.

"

""" 31 (y.xFy: l
Fumtiou',
Floppy SubFuncticn

jiIt

ji

Floppy

C)

Density
Single
Density
for
(Floppy Driver)
(Subtunction #)

This imut int-' es.tah!
coni: rol ler ícr Read
Siui' and Ñcnoí"l anti

li

Set

t"

tjÉéÉ

Ñoñ€.

C'isk

&

Motor

Paí"mz,

'" 'j;
¡)
?

t.
i)
)'

"

Ai"

li
t'
I!

li

li

t'
1|

jlL

I!

l|
ji

-li

,

This rout ine establishes sonie of the physical paranieters for a FKppv Drive.
The norma!
5.25" and 3.5" disk drives holding 40Ü or S(J() kb or les: s rotare í: í
3()() rpm.
Many of the nevier
drives can increase this speed to 56() rpm which i: -.
the rate used on ojcit'r S" f'lQpi)\"
drive"m This is the speed used on the "l"ii;úí
11I3Pl
The A register is used
Mb
5.25" drires'..
bens'ity"
forntatted)
to
].2
Re;zister L) is use-d
indicate íhu ftísté$\ speed capable on the specified drive.
to indicate wM'thcr the !\(c)tor is always On. or will start and stop periMicali
This i¶ nÉ.)r"niail\" us: ed by the Ellos to delay for a period before v\'ri[in£' if
'u.
the l}í(jtt/: " iS µtoi)¡)£.(l [(j a! Iqv\ the- diskette to conic up to speed thereby ríiirüniizinc'. chance i. Qt" diña cm"rurt io:í. Rezi>: ter i i: s used to indicate Iljt' PÉ\"\,,3£

E/P

PROGHAMM

BIOS

this

i)rÚ"e.

Drive. 0!013=5.25"

OOJI3=Si"

an: 0=i'iard bisÉ: ,
ia sizc
A'othinµ is returned from

!Iie{:
c'al
()] 1R=-3 .S".

INC:

¿Ü">"i

conimanci.

ai i of these' funct iotiÁ may not be supported oí? any speci f"j ¿"' compu'. e'shoulc' a!way,x past, tht' necexmíry
type. the interface f'rotn u: jng proµ,rarns
parameters for compatibilitr.
W

WIn le

This rout ine assutíic's that
called first. Cal! thix routine

ion

SutíFunct

NOTE:

2

Head

(Set

Function

calling

before

O

and
(Set

has

Drive)

ó

)

Furiction 31 (xx5D)
Floppy SubFunction

)
i)

Head

Set

ljrive

and

Enter:

A

Drive

=

)1

2

"'")1

(Bits 0,1)
(Bit 2)
{Floppy Driverl
íSubi'unction #í

Head

ii

e

'i

C

í"ríi

2'

=

rout inc

u

1

=

i .s

"

#

""L:'-f

",',

I'-},

_

Vu

Sul'tUj"!'¿zj:

("'

l

.

!!t"u

X

}[1 i"'¿ñÑ"

i!,.

]

} j

>;

.
t"
.

li

None.

Uses:

af

jiL.
))
ji'

j:

"' 'j\

:'·:.'t!]i:í.qÜ!'.':

tit-'

Exit:

r
Ii

re;zis.Ȓc-r
.A

¿;'"é

I)

#

ti: nc

)
i:

;'

l ')

been

Mode).

i
: "^
'>,

'e

ccmtainin,s

u: 'Át nuul})g
]j",'¿i.i
i li T"' : '
,
:¿": l !
!"t'tt]rl"?'¿'c! t ["Glk ttij ", ftñ\-t ñ)lZ.
th '
\
tCf
rl¡¡: !!rliiL'z"' r': "('l'!U:,l-·
a¿'cc!,y,t.':
Flcuj'..
in
.·',

3

() :

=

=

i l

tht

i

a n cl

Flc'j';:

:"

t llÍ'

?
:-·
.

f
i:,

Fur'ctu: ín .: ': (' >' ·53 '
Flcmi'; 8.gt.F;cl"[t2íic: :".

li
ji==
i;

_""
Er'teí":
==

))

" "
A

=

L)

=

i!

E-

I!

E:,

)1

C

L== "

—

-"

Set

=

U
"

(F]c'l??\·'
C}!"1ver)
(SutjTunct1ol"':
#)

__

:==_-

__

j:
i

""="

- --

1

Cíu: k Moíje

t
"y '

Phymcai Sector NumbEr|:
)i
Phváical Sectc: _ Size
¿
Last Sctr # on Side
I!

=

Floppy

_,

"

Ex:

t:"

Usu:

"

None.

_""

t)
)i
)'

AF

i:
)i

li

I)

It

- —3i

Thi: -, routine es¿a}'iis: hef informt ion needed to proper iy acce: ',s a spc'ci l"i z'·-!
On
of" different
StéCtOl" urianibiµuousiy '\i'iti"í a nuiíiber
é!jtí"\".
controller types.
li)
nuníbcr
Register A contains the desired physic?í}
desired.
contains thí
sector
sector sHe v: hei_e C = J2A bytc" sectors, i = Z5() .. 3 = 1024 byte sectors. and
F.
contain". thü last sector nuriiber on a side. ?¢ormally
register F j¶"j unused in
Western
Nothin;z
DigiUl control iers. buí is needed with 765 and 9266 units.
is returnccl f'roiH this subt"urjctjon.

"u7
3 .

PROGRAMMING

B,,'P

BIOS

"""',

l
)

Function 31 (xx5D)
Floppy SubFunction

)
I
l
'

Specify Drive

l

Times

P

4
_1

Enter:

A = Step Rate
in milliSec
Ci
Time in mS
= Head Unload
E
Head
Load
Time
in ms
=
B
1
(Floppy Driver)
=
C
#)
= 4 (Subfunction

Exit:

None.

Uses:

AF

)
l
i
l
)
l

This subfunction set various tirtíin;z values used for the physical drive selected.
On entrv,
the A Te?isteT contains the drive step rate in milliseconds.
Within the Biosm this rate is rounded up to the nearest controller rate if the
specified rate is not álj even match.
Reµister D should contain the desired
-,.
E
Head
Unload
and
time in mijiisecond:
to the desired Head Load timc in WS.
Diµizal tvpe controllers.
onlv the Step Rare is universalú"
by
variaWc.
the Bios settinps are roundcci
In these S\~jélÍiM rates siwiaíed
such
2.
thc:
3, 5. or (") niiiiiSeconci
.ratc.
as the
closús,t fixed step ratc
up to
3C)
V\T)1t"2
1().
2(),
milliSecond rates used in the oldcr \u)l""(;
(jl" (),
in the
or
and \\'Dl "'tS .
\"oíhin,£ is rL'[uTnf-'{! f'roní this furicr ion.

\tith

NOTE:

Western

(xj(Eáíl:
Function
SubFuríctzori
Floppy
31

i:

ii""""
Enter:
I)

C
)

=
=

S.

(Sut'function

#)'

ir""
li

i

i

l

tí
"

s

ters).

order to establish

———

Uses:

MTE:

A =

Zero
A <> G,
C),

AF
Subfcns,

NZ

if
ErroT£

(Z)

Set

rf

Ok":

j:
!1
a'
I)
';

1.

2,

&

4 Needed

—

the headls } orí the selected drire tc) rrack
indic,ne"' by the value in the A repister.
E)\"
thi": f'unctiort {especially BC)'.

--

-

(I

i'
_—:d.\i

{honit' '! .
Ni) cnhc·í"

Subfunctions l (Set Disk and Motor F'aramebe called
and 4 (Specify Drive Times)
f irst in
of the Drive.
the physical characteristics

func-t iori requires
Head and briu-')
(Set

This
2

-.-

Exit:

'
i
j)

_

I)
¡i

tF¡O»F!g'

=-—

Disk Drive

Heacs.

E.

l

NOTE:

38

Home

1

subt"unct
ion Mc"tpg
Only succ'esg;/!"&i Jurc is
reµisters rúay bc altered
Thi

l

""""
""""'="""
Dviver:

"
É3

mft
i:

"'_

""_

l
)

that

E!/P

PR(RRAMM1HC

BIOS

-m
)

l)

Function 31 (XX5D)
Floppy SubFunction

l

Track.

Seek
6

li
)

Enter:

i

Exit:

A = Desired Track Number
D
= OFFH to Verity,
O
tor No
E
O
for No Double-Step
=
<>0 for Double-Step

Verification

l
!
I

B

=

C

= 6

i

(Floppy Driver)
(Subfunction #)

1

A = O, Zero
<> O, NZ

Uses:

AF

NOTE:

Subfcns

2,

(Z)
Error

Set

if
3,

&

if

Ok

4 Needed
I!'

l

li

This subfunction mores the headls) for the selected drive to a spec.rtied track
on the media.
If the Double-Step flap (Register E) is set to a !Ñon<1cro
value, then thc.: control Ic! \\'i ! l issue two st€'j.> puisc: -: for é\"cT}" track 1rcju-"'\'khiC?l
cjUc'rerlt'2-n"¿
Uic-nt
ij> required.
cu"
After tnc Seek. a F: ea.':j in füñctloñ \i'Zjí
tic pL'rí'or|Ii¿Li
to í'c:"ii"y thxí the- CIts ired trauk \c7iA found if' tht: \."erific: ít 1ot:
(F: e;-'isut:í"
c)n1y the' AT
ia>
i": ' is sc't to at \Tm-Zero Number.
preferably 0T"í-'"ll.
i
h;'."
íhi g, Í'ttncí ion.
rtgi" tt'T"·, ñr'i\" hi' ííl ic'? t_'¿t
NOTE:
r !ó!'i":\

i:

|1

(:t:<±3)
SutlFunctiol";

Functicm
F

í

Sur)f'unFtií)ny.
Drive Times!

"ioppv
"""

Enter:

li
))'

31

" _""

Hie
c

2

_

t'éÉ.t

T-

1

"-

7

D1'i\"l'Á 3 (bt-ifirst in orcki" 1()

ÉkülCj

and

llc'cl

I)

Floppy Disk Sector

Read

li

:
"-____

_"

__mt))

Butter Addresí
{Uoppr C': vvet")
{Subturictiori #)

=

(Set
be c¿:

oí the r)ri\_t'.

[cj"ib[ic$

it'I
))

1Un¿1-io';
'p|I.I)ci¿

D)

ebt!-it)ii:

r=_
i)

rec!u!;"c'F,
that
>!.
aná d {Slx'ciíy
'.tj Ü)l-' r)!j\": icci!
ch([]"¿1:

Thí: -.

))

Exir:

E,

=

<>

—-—4·

O,
t?,

ii
l

Uses:

AF.

i)

I)

NOTE:

Subt'cns

m-—-

ii

Zero
NZ

Set

if

(,ZJ

Ei"rcr

'f

(jP':

4,
i|
li
I!
I)

HL

0,1,2,4

&

5 Neecjei

li
l)

"ihis subt"unctiorí Reads a physical sector of data ÍJOlTt the selected cfj"i\"c ani
places it i:í tho buf"ft'r cíl the specified address.
It is imporrarít that an
The \'"ajuc
appropriate iy sizc·d buti"c·r
is provided for this: task.
iri thc --',
wi
indicate
success
of
the
iridicatc'd
as
the
function
iti
rezistcr
ti
or failure
thc: aho': t chart .
C)ñj\' the .aj" ancí HI registers
by this Í'un.crrtay bu altered
t ion .
Tlii :-, funct ion recjui res, that Subi'unct ions O (Set Read/\Wi
Disk &· Motor Parnis j. 2 (Set Head & ljrive), 4 (Specify Drive
Track) be cal leci Í ir:tt in order to establish
the physical
cíIaracterisLic: 6 of" thc' data íransfcr.

NOTE:
(Ser
(Seek

i
Mode ) .
Times)
and (l
and
io?ica¡

te

39

PROGRAMMINS

!
'

B/P

ion 31 (XX5D)
Floppy SubFunction

Funct

EllOS

Write Floppy Disk Sector

)

8

i
i

l
li

Enter:

l

HL = Source
Buffer Address
B
1
(Floppy
Driver)
=
C
8
(Subfunction
#)
=

i

Exit:

A

= O, Zero Set
A <> O, NZ

if

l
l

(Z) it
Error

Uses:

AF,HL

NOTE:

Subfcns 0,1,2,4

Ok

)
I

)
l
i

t

&

6 Needed

This subfunction writes data froríí the buffer beginning at the specified
adThe val ue
dress to the track, sector and head selected by other subf"unctions.
in the A register alom with the settinµ of the Zero Fkmz will indicate whethOnlv- the AF and HL reruisters niav bc- aioí" not .
er the operar ion succeeded
by
this function.
tered
This funct ion requires that Subfunctions O {Set Read/Writú í{L)CiCi . 1
Z
Head &: t'rire). 4 (Specify lji"ive Time: -j and ¿(Set
Disk & \'lc"tor F'artíísl.
iecl
bt'
f'i rsi in order to estaM ish thú physical and iogical
Track)
caí
oÍ'
characteristics
thc data transfci".

NOTE:
(Set
(Seek

)1
))

))

Furiction 31 (xxSE ;i
Floppy SubFunction

Read

Enteí_:

li

E.
C

l'
j!

=

1

= 9

(FÍOIXW

Ib

Sectcn"

g

))
,

)1

Disk

j!

ljriver

íSu3function

#

,'
:'

,,
ii

A = O, Zero
A
<> Ci,

Set
ÑZ

'i
l)

)1

ii

j:

li
--

Exit:
Uses:
NOTE:

AF
SubÍ'cns

O

&

it

(Z) n
E'"rcr

C'i'-

:!
))
li
if
!1
i)

2 Needeá

J:
_,-

-_=

ID ini'ormation
encountc'reí ori ¿¿
This Subftmct ion Í"éaá-< thu f'j¡"f.¿
correct
1(7!_1
There'
parameter.s
other than the Drivcr
for this Í'unct
arc' no entry
track.
.",
number.
and SubÍ'antn
indicatiñ?
whether
fiaµ is returned
ion
or not errors
An error
inciicat€': 4 that no recognizable Sector ID could be read Qñ
occurred.
tho disk.
Ir Llío9,t cases. thiu is due to an incorrect Density settin? in the
Rios .

function requiTes that
lSet Floppy Disk Mouel are called
of the disk.
characteristics

NOTE:

40

This,

Subfunctions 2 (Set Head &' Drive) and 3
first in order to establish the physical

B/P

PROc¡RAFlMl

BIOS

l
l
'

Enter:

1C!
Y

(Floppy Driver)
=
#)
= 10 (Subfunction

B

Exit:

1

C

l
l

Return Floppy Drive Status

31

(xy,5'))
Function
FIo?Fly
SubFunct ion

NC

A =
BC

HL

Opn)

Status Byte of last
l
FCC
Controller Type
=
of Status Byte|
= Address
i)

l

Uses:
NOTE:

'i

AF, BC, HL
Subfcn
2 Needed

ii
¡j

l

cíí"i\"é.
There
This function return: ", Ur? status of the currently-selected
arc
and FuncDriver
no entry parameters for this function
other than the Floppy
On
€'xit. the ra"ñ' unmasked status hyte of the drive. or the ]¿j;-¿
tion number.
depending
is returned along with
a binare
orí the contro} ter type.
operat ion
T!J""'
92Óó.
number
tiít-'
Jer
le.sz.
i'epresencim
corm"ol
(S,
ij"pe
]""2. etc : .
Thi

NOTE:
cal lee!

";

|}ct'c)7"e:

'

T"""""""""
ction
Fur:

li

li

i:

ir"
LI
ji
ii

U'ú5!j'l
SubF"urícticm
"'"""

"""""'

Enter:

Hj

I)
))

»

C

=-

E

=
=

ll
C

;)

This-:

__-_Format

31

Fiopm'

í)j"i"\"c

rout inc ajzsuIl|c'y, that Subfunct ion 2 (Set Head c\'
thi s rout inc iá) sl^ ic'ct the Physi cal Paraníeters.

=

""'

"

""

)

Mun

iíítfS

_"_""í;

Floppv

DisP

)',

Track

e;
i)

11
""

"

T

Poir,te: " tcj Lja'.a B"!^CÍ·j) li
of Sectoi"s/1"rack
li
# ot Bytes.
in Ga> 3
I
1
(FioiXW
íu"iver)
11
ii
/SubTUnctiDn
#)

Emt:

#

Uses:
NOTE:

A = l", Zero
A
<> C',

Set
NZ

AF,BC,DE,HL
Use Subfcn

7Í

__

(Z) it
Errcr

d',
li

(: }i'.

t'
ii
))
li

10

tor

COi"it 1ype))

! t
twícticú: ÍDrn,: iti>, ,: complete track OIl one sick oÍ a Floppy !"ñsk.
E)tíU the-;j.G'í
)bác . HC'¿í{i,/¡)l"]l"C'.
Track , and Sector hare alreacíy becn
.
On
l(-)
data required by the controller
entry. Hi. pc)!ntg
to fornmt a track.
bet"ñúen
This wzj"icú,
c(")ntr()¡]ers,
so RETDST should be called
to detertjíi: íL'
iÍi/z
cont
On
beíore
ter type
up data structures.
sett
entry, D rl1ug>t a Úm
contain the number of Sectors pt'r Track, and E niust contain the nuníber o!"
Orí
A=() and the Zero
bytcs to use for Gap J in the floppy format.
flap
is Set (7)
the operation was
completed, A <> O and the Zertu
SüÉÉ

assumer-,

rcl

if
clearc'.'

f\a;z
register:

-

CZ ) if' errors
:,r)í-,Hj-).

satisfactorily

occurred.

This

exit,

routine

ti\F j3':

NOTE:
This
has been cal

routine assuníúú that Subfunction JO
led first to determine the Controller
inf'ornííu ion in thú Format Data Block.

niav.

alter ail pr iniarr

(Return Fioppv Drive Stau-ii,i
type and insert the corre'.:t

41

PF?OGF?AMMINf3

HART)

DiSk

El/l"

E3lCS

SUBFUNCTÍONS.

funcr ions are ami lable tíj direct iv access, Hard Mires connected M" ¿,
They are accessed
by loading the desired fúij'3t icm nunibt'r
type interface.
in the C: reµister.
ioadinµ a 2 (SCSI driver) into the F$ reµnster and c¿i: ! iní
Since
or jurrlpin,a to Jurnp number 3i in the Filos entry jump tablc.
this iníejface is not as standardi zed as Floppy funct ions in order to handle SASi as,
well as SCSI devices. the interface has ortiy basic functions with the' precise'
operat ions specified by the U"se: r in the Command Descriptor Block passed v: ith
Vvhilé
Furict ion :í.
thi> places a µrc'ater burden on User programs, it allows',
] i
Jexibi
more
ty to takt· advantaµc of' changing features in the ñé\'\új" ,St: Si
f
"
drives..
These
SCSI

)

)

Function
Disk SubFunction
(XX5D)

31

)

Hard

il

Enter:

of Data Area
= Address
b = Z (Hard
Disk Driver)
C.
= G' (Subt'unction #)

DE

Li
li

Addresses
i)

O

(
ji

Disk

Hard

Set
I
l
I
p
i

Exit:

a = #

Uses:

AF

Bytes in

Comnd

BÍock

J)
Ir
i)
l)
U
i)

t

L

S( S'É
fcjj" Direct
i'.: . ünd
S,Útri the Lscr F)aí,"í ,',Tt: cz Addresc,
This Subfuncíiún
c'ornmancj
nul")}i_}c:
!"/"\"í ttS>
á"\"íii
lab
le
M
S!
in tht'
bcscr iptor Ti.!()1'i..
returris the
r tjf
ust-"cl
j;·j
and
j"ñíj' Au ¿j .\rcm niu ': : ij;j' :\. r L7AS.I SiZ tn"tt"\'
ion;
to snore ckna fo í)g
f' T'Olíi
L"! \it"Z'Á: í
>.L"lc7ctc'(}
Tiíi.'> )kíía :',:"L·i,
!"¿ct'i\:
íC:
'
l
i
rt'a'.i
dí"ií"e.
a:i
wr t téTi.
tM
51 2
i g-t iÍi¿í!}'"i¿ítol"y
from
álv:
áy>
s: i: ':e
a di rect a¿-cÚ>,: ·z i:i
hyít> áj"'j
rt"turncci
m: ií-íz:}:.¿lL
lei"
c\Í
\\ nz'
","m'
the"
h:
ordúí"
1j'd€?b recQgnize(j in Ur- !"i/7'
it't\"
coníro!
to
TÜc1'·Command ¡'escri!)l("][" hioc-'k
á'j:
?.
rlU|llbe}
Thc
tríe'
of hyíe>
íj."i\"¿|:
ii lab!í' in
"Y',"iL|"íir!
N-S-l
Ü'!l. pi]i": t,;c:íl {!7'i',"¿'[' i: -: u>u¿!!l\' 1() it\ orckn to hancík"
thü ey: ¡-cn,"t¿Td
cQti|íl]alídg,. but Lii':
i"-' ScÁíic: í' !"míj: tc: ) (J in jiR;itLd applications.

j

r""
,1
ji

"

Function 21 í; y:g:"l[/,)
Hard Disk SubF'unctioti

'l
)
i:
))

Enter:

=

"
1

Phyeical

&

Logical

Drive

!

Byte (5.2.1)
Disk Driver)
(Subfunction #)

A = Üevice
E3
= 2 (Hard
C

Set
l
i
l
)

Exit:

A =

Uses:

AF

_
Pnysical

_____1
Device
Bit

t,
Dj
1|

i
i
l
l
)

This ,Subtunction sets the Physical Device bit in the l3ios for SCSI accesses
and the Lojzicai I'nit ,I'umber
in the SCSI Command Block (Bvte l, bits "-Si. The
1,!2ut:
format of' the wrice Byte prouided to this routine is defined in the Conj
Extende':
í
frcmi
7)ish.
and
(:O\'ríCr+6].
the
is available
ration Dara. Sect ion 5.2. i,
Parameter Fieacic'i" lit bPii--l , ()ri €'µ.itin? this routine. a byte isU returned with a
btiu"i cc- " i 1("7
=
"One"'
hi [ in the prom: [" po: , it ion J"(! [ " = OÚ\"i Cc· ". . .Tsit
["iC'.>li¿-(.:
conitüarí'".
seic'cí thc:
'j'íií \"j¿j a SCSI
42

E!

PROGRAMM!P!('

Ip BIOS

Ii
'I
i
l
!
l

_ñ

Function 31 (xx5D)
Hard Disk SubFunction

SCSI

Direct

Drivex

2

,
)
L

l

Enter:

=
A =
A

')

E3
C

Comnd

Ptr to

DE

O

if

FF
(Hard

=
2

=
= 2

No

Write

Data
if Disk

Blk|

Desc
Data

to Write
Driver)

(Subfunction

#

i

A = Bit1 Status,
Flags Set
H
Va)ue
Message
Byte
=
L = Status Byte Value

Exit:
I
l

l!
i

Uses : AF, BC', DE, HL
NOTE: Subfcns O &

i

I)
li

Needed

1

This Subt"unction peri"orm>. the actions requireci by the conímand in tM' s!)é-'cit'¡t'.!
(":omt?¡a{")d
A sií'niíA': ' wñctht'r
The flag provided in Reízistei"
be>m"iptüt" l'íioct:.
.
L)\"
!\"oI]--: 't'rL:'
"ñ"j
be
itten
this c.ontmanü. () II sin lc' ¿j ionc"ci
or ncu u>&i data it: to
C:
Tkcec.
v\i
bt'
ic'c!
v\
t
poci
fí'i'
frcm the ;ii"td -jj'éciÍ
\ jLlt'.
i!
itn j'unct ion
thé-:
'v',;;j
a!íí'ay>:
C'b
¿2j"t-'
512
the'
end
oí
SCSI
.'It
byt
Li' opt'rat ionstrim: ':roui int .
É'c!"Tt-¿j
Space set by Subfunctínn O.
f]'.c): l: the hio.>
IO hui'iÉr to the' t t--.crs.
Thi u.
ths-'
\'\"icic
accommodate
,"
".':."i:·
v\"á
Ü"il
ic'].'?T;[
b"tíí
Tlki\"
\üi! leí i"
only
kc cou id
M iric'ff
.
\'\"i
¡'"Qi
g\i
S..'\.°',i ,/s' i.!
cQcié
Tlit:
reayional)}e
constraint"..
corn
ciif'i'í ;'-·:zí
íeu ', tliin
c:(}[ljj3!Ú1
niaskc·t1
:-.1 ,: 1
bvtc·
í:
]"\·t'L!!"Í]'j.:
v.itij
is the Staius
u:
to: : of t5i: function
' í
f':roni SC'fí ope"á
TA- t"tj i ] S: atu" Ñ\ [ e ar'"! í\ícsqa"c'
Í'\"té
Ul' l (C E íÜt. J'U i
.
for r'kít"g: Cit--i tmtion OÍ any errorm
i ¡("kTí'·q att- ¿ií-jí· l'r('í"lcjL('l
NOTE: 1"iíi:
c'(';: ¿'ig'L$1"£'(-j

-,

Tüt:
1(";

1¶(-

t iii:

t'f"

type'

bescriptür Block has l}etj-[1 prof"'.'r j \"
LÍ_!c'
Ctmtroller
set in Fl/P Fnos.. anti that
{ i!
ín.:
irí tm Iiio: '
ñéCébSAT\7
'- CiCiñiiI'l a:-,".U!ino.
r1"Q?rari: exi t and \íarm í\ocn .
tSet ilaríi 1)1 ::.1. AjdTe>s¿j,i a: m i ;>-É-"i ]"'j"g\"> ií::í

that tiiú

¿L:-,>u7:jt-7
-

}j¿¿jYj

>t'icc-üA diü- ] .- l'rorÜri: b"
í".ri_Q
Ti ioñ: ,.
t": in pña>irrz L.tPm user has cal it:
Func't ions C'
1\
i.("jg): ¿i:
!'rj\_L";! tícj(")!"L' u>íég2

j

(:O!1]I[¡¿ij]{!

Tns.k
cieg;c["ibe('i
1e">uÁ
in

tt'is

Sui)lu!"LÚ:

-1L77í.

:-=ji

I) '
:J,"

FLÁnct1o!"',

í>:

Bank.

Set

y.ó':j}

Far

Tor

jj
th

U

i6-

))

"{

juínjj'"Ca!

Enteu:

a.

t

Dem

--- -----rel Bani-: Number

--

,:
)|

li
l|

This Iunction sel s tM
in ari a)tern: íte )ieniorv

Exit:

None.

Uses:

No

-----::

—------

'

I)

Registers
i

I

bank
Bank.

nuíííbt-'r

for

a

later

Function

33

jump

to

a

routine

43

PRCRRAMM!NG

E/P

Function
Enter:

33

HL

=

(xx63)

jump

Address
in Bank

This Function switches.
to the bank
32,
then calls the routine addressed
turns to the bank from which called,
It
I)

ii
l)

Function
Enter:

34

HL

=

!

Exit:



"m|j

Called routine
sets return status
Primary Regs (assumed)

Uses:

All

number
preriously
specified
by HL.
Upon ccmipiet ion.
and the address on the [op

li
i)
l)

with Function
operat ion reof the stack.

ti
I)

Clear Stack Switcher

(: ·:x65)
!1
ii

Acid: "

to resume exec
in entry bank.

ii

ii
i)

Bank
"__=__—

l
i

to execute
set w,/F'n 32

in Alternate

(HL)

to

PíOS

Exit:

li
li

|í

None.
Execution
at acidr in HL in
No Registers

Uses:

||

resumes
entry bank

li
li
ii
i
_.

if',

This Funct ion
ent ry bank.
ii
ii
('

im
li

Function

I)

""
': xxb?

15

Enter: Hl
C

Í"(j"/"

u ",üc!

lr

Aá':

X-

beíire'i

jl

__"""__"

"_

banked

__

;'

CA

=

front

exits

error

--_- _ ___jr=."
I)

ciesireá bvte
NuT;be';"

Eani

Íl
li

i

=====:

Eíit:

A

Uses:

ÁF

""
6""""Function
I
l

li

"

HL
C'

35

_-

ft"o1":

= Aácir" of
= Desi red

Load

T'riiq i"uncíion gets,
ban!:
i s tenírc)ra: "'i
rem: oreci
Ic) cní ;"y
ijj"it"f áN'cc: s:'- t jí¡;:.'.

ii
I)

word
Numbet_

desired
Bank

I)
li
—Ji

a

ly
coriíii t itj'i: -,.

"": )
ii
jpq
r'l,

C: HL

li
if

,

,

specif ieci Flan!'. anti /\dcn"es"..
the access
(it requireú' ,
temporarily disabled dur irw

f rom

DE, (HL)

Exit:

DE

Uses:

af,de

= Word

A?

ternate

from

Bani-.

C: HL

the specified Bank and Address.
irí context for thtz accesg. l i i requi red) .
disabled durim
a: "e temporarily
!nterruj"ts

lló-bits

\"mrd
tcheá

s"ñ'i

""

"í"l":

t

t ii .'r.
tht--

li

"""

" (Xx6C)
"""""

i

4A

=_

byte

__

i

ii

ii

=

""
Bani-

"_
__
Alternate

tizt'

tú

__..!,

l' ¿.-'-7jlt: . "
Funcr io:
;-'é't:
í'roit tí\ta t";"íc
s"í':
í"
bani
i,¶ tenI!'<)raTij:
"iích-íi ::: CÍ-)[}tC?,t tCif
restored iq t)7íi"\" cQíÁi t iocí·-.
7ntc'rrupts arc'
brief' accc'>;"1 [ i!!i4'.

Enter":

'

from

to rütum

li
li

__

This

__"-_

Á,(EL\

LOáCl

incsí

roat

j

from

_li
I!
li
))
b'
i:
l,

TM'
t Mt"i
1J"j¿.

B/P

PRC'GF?AMM!!QG

ElOS

i

!
'

Function

r

37

"

!

(HL),A to Alternate

Byte

Exit:

None.

Number
at C: HL

Uses:

AF

(xx6F)

l

Bank

!l

HL = Adcir of Dest
C
= Desi red Bank
A = Byte to save

Enter:

Load

Byte stored at

C: HL
l
|!

and Bank.
The
This Function saves a Byte (S-bits)
to the specified Address
(
is terñporari ly switched in context for the access
if required j. thún
restored to entry conditions.
Interrupts
are temporarily disabled duriñ? the
brief access time.

bank

l)

Function

Load

(xX7Z)

3á

ii
I)

to Alternate

(HL),ÜE

Banj"

i:
.¡I
li
i

li

Enter:

DE

Hl

|l

C

l|

Fh-jj
= Word to Étoré at c:
)
Adár
cit
Word
Dest
=
i
E3.áñrí
Nu¶be!"
= Desireci

Exit:

None.

Uses:

AF

Word

C: Fii

stored at

l
i'
j!
:':

;i

—___

_

._

.__-_

,

—r=

—-

,_, , ._,

_ ._

,. _ , _ ,_

Acidresg:
í-mtj har#:
tc/ the yje'¿-if"i€'cj
iii> i"uu': 2 iori g;;y."g"g_, a 'L',jíj"j ', ¡'.\-ljiEt",l
i>.
teFll!)(")!"¿.i
bank
N;i" jT",'.": l'-'!íi'·i
i
o r t!:c ÁccéÁii
';j;' rt'¿!uijt: :{lj.
Ill ccmít'\"t
rt."-j',i"rL-\:
t'"" t':Ü.i"y c': mcí. ticm ,
¡p(€'! íams &1"(-- tenipc'rai"i!y ciisaiüeúi tiurin

"i

.

' . I

_

3'F'

)í_

¢í> '[l
-

Enter:

'"

_

Fu!' ctiQ'":

Noi"e

:'

--

Return
-—

--

li
!1

li

Exit:

Currer'rt

|i

Iunct
of

ran,c: i:
ljrc)?ran]'·}

Áll"i

— —--—

—-

-—-—

=====

Bank

in
Uses,:

in

;i
,)

Ccr: te>:t

-—---—-"—i
A = Bani'.

jl

(,k

This:

üic

'

G

lr—"_ -" _"_ _"_"
j)

I!

h: hurt
t
T

currently
Addi"

li

active

L'
i:

U. .7F"F'H

AF

l'

ft
li

returns. the jterííory Bank
U.. Hit!.
I'. nía': M useci in
'Lo
track nlerlj()r\" accesseá.

i,,

current ly
ÜJf"

"where

in Context in the adcire: 7:\
ani
I" role in appi i cat icrí

43

PFKY3R!\MM!NC-

£?,.'E'

BiOl

Bios

Data
Structures.
Area.
Conñguration

5.2
5.2.1

of the abi iit\" to tal Iq!" FS/i' Fsioses to your specific
opt'rating neecí.s is
of' data,
and
standardized
discrete
many
the
location
of
elements
a
to
change
and
easily
locate
oí
them
regardless
the
hardfacility to
particular
Bio"í
in operat ion.
ware platfortn
Function 3(), Return Bios Addresses. reports
the base address of the Configuration Area in the or register pair.
In this
and
section. we will review each of the specified elements, their functions,
supplieci
which part5 of the" clara ruust be rigidly controlled
insure
that
the
to
les continue to function. as well as guarantee the portability of othe: '
uti
Much
due

lit

programs

.

Bios ID.
CONFIG-6
Character String, 6 bytes.
This character string .MUST bezin with the three characters "B/F' in [}ppcrc&: ,t-'
As cjí Ida rclí
Ascii . fol lowed by three \"ers;ior!-br)ecji"ic identifying
characters.
-:
1993,
the foiiowinz" icií'nz ifier: hm'c' been assitzrm! 'Iq systems:

"B/P-YS"
"B/P-AM"
"B/P-18"
"B/P-CT"
"B/P-TT"
"B/P-XL"

YAS!M."
j-.
t íú T3üarí! }¿)()
SF-lSü
'\l}cro!Yllnt
tjompu ,/] iriíc' S íÓ() Marcí Set

it

¡\R"ír'!"L"'

itjc'tck
intei i,zcnt
l

corripuíc'r

L)esign>

Sj-í\ij>'.j

Byte.
the
iai ciL'l"jr}íri(]r. of the byte pla'n'ci ¿if ot í·,t t. .'; (ji)
\\"íii c-K jj;
i i.)'.! i
('Hi',' l!! : du: int' a ('o j cl iSc\íj\ á!"lC! (i€'teÍmli!€'sí
t l"ít
t he' Lsau.c' f"ác!c
M¿Áñ "' !'i"
the C on.sol t' , ,^,ü."\ } l ií:
cic'í' iné-'d c'hm": i i c': u.' cit"\"j ¿-tj :-;J ',', i i j Dc tise:
¿t".
-cl]..írl,L'L't!
'Flitctc\"ic: é".
(itj't au U ,°Á-'t L inµ my he' a! tered h;." FSi'('"\"!'C7
e i"
'.i) ]"t- i'
cit'\'i cc" ccv\i)i µuríu zon'-.. c'r 1'\" re¿zssL"'T;í]) 1\" (: ', hc ¡s Iq-,.
dL'j"il"!l[j(3!1~
The'
iri tíÍis\ 1".)lc Ui"t:
1OBY"ÍE.

CONF1G+O

This byte contain"

init

r'"
!cíi

i

i

bit

Bit

7

6

5

4

3

l

2

1

O

i

[

Console Device
Auxiliary
Input Device
Auxiliary
Output Device
Device
Printer

Drive.
This byte containg, th't c!ri'ic which 'Á"i ii
'Lo
S\"s.térñ
assumed
contain the ODeraEinµ
CONF }G+1

O.

4t3

is

=

--

Byte.

System

]...F'

=

IS.

l'tt

bu

acces,süd

files.

It

aftür a CoRi Fsaot CiñC
is ?1 binary ralut' wherc

.i -",
.g". =

B/P

mos:

CONFIG+2

pRm!2AMM!k!c

-

Option
Flag: m
oÍ' ir]cii\_id'ja!]\"
mapped
Rios:
The' bi t,':
in the asst·nibleci
wi thout
prior cocü"d inat ion wi rh
wi th planned enhancements.
The

Byte.

Bios

This hrre consists
act ive
defined
coMí icts

.

7

Bit

6

5

4

3

2

1

which áisplar which cpzions art'
bits
l
isted, as  should not be
tCÍ
deu"e!opers
precluck'
the system
is
def'ined
bvte
currentlv
as:
.

O
I

O =

Unbanked

1

=

Banked

O =

Bank

1

·

Bank

1

=

1

·

Bios
in RAM
O = DPBS
Fixed
O
ALV/CSV
in TPA
·
< reserved >

Bios
in RCN
DPBS Assignable
ALV/CSV
in Bank

(ZSDOS2)

firc

The next
hyícs:
define the memory riiap of a banked s\'stéñi
in 321:
For a complete desci"jDtiQ[} of' bank allocations.
please refer tcj Section 4.
non-bani: ecl sys: tí'rn-..
be st't tcí (}.
ai l excc'pí the RAM Drive Bank sMu!d
Í"c4 re-axsi;zríntent aA a RAM
¿f\"ái i,'ít'ñtthis: byre a.'"
no n}ellit: j1"\"
should be ;,ít--t tu t).

siictj'í.

al!
drire.

ii

CONFIG+3

This

User
-ref"lecú

T1\"[e·

CONFIG+4
This, i-\\"t
cicicir"t:
the

Bank.
y; í-fjt;

It'
!
f

u't:

l

i

Byte.
riunihc-r

Fi: íñl-

reserí"ed for

L"í,er

ictit

Appj

iQÍás.

TPA Bantt.
Byte.
re!" jtj·gz .4 t iít.' Ts:zn?. nul}1!"")Ú :" reqc-r\'¿"d
for úhc" Trans'. icnt !'rQgI¿"jl: í Ál"': a in
c:
I! !"iC
"."- I"¿íAL'tn(:I"l'il¿íll\'
riur'.ilx"í"
l).
sequent la! bank
ñc\
he'
f- ,';j"7 p
I)z'
('
¡\j"t,Ü'
¿"; i "\";'¿'"',
'"'"" 'L
oí
¡i";
] n
'
! ¿jrµ"'"
a(i("1rt"'-"
("cmt
omnion
n
t
t
rum
is
i
.
;"jj{)()'. .i!"' t'!! ¿;;j,j í': mri. ::" t i:. " .7Cj'¿j!. }')l" S: \"6tE'íÍí. F\icu anü P /.-Sy>i€'í: : 1ai_ucs.
--

e

."íi!"i!.

i

CONF ¡G-t-S -- SYStem
Élan 1<.
i
Th ;i }"'\ú f' I"C'!)í.·/'[j
SPÚCÑI ju'j 1"()1" t: íc S·\"st¿'líj

'lit

CONFIG+6
Thi s trjú:

It

iS

cont

i

CONFIG+7

Byte.
Parí

RAM Drive Bank.
!t,'c t x ttí·j :-ítár'

-

c:

l

Ui.ü
á'\"¿;

:

l:th!t

i

Maximum

Bank

nlj: '1}"'t' r

fí¿¿' ': -

- ref

as $Uñlt-".:
f!üOúu anj

^

l

7..Aú!

cY)ní"¿jL]')in:

any

¿1"jül

íülc"!

:i,xi

::

.

Byte.

irw iuní:
froin tÉi s

!-

ii: " ii

KA.'$

nuníMr
imri!:
Pr i\"€ .

table' fc'r usc'
trlrQuszn
tne Ma):in¡'jI!í:
á\"c:

i

cit a
banÉ

Number.

!: :A!\:

!j'r !',"t .
k"umlx';" i:

Byte.

This byte reflect: - the j"lu[I"l|)t: r Qt' the' last available
In manr systems. it I}íay bc set to different numbers
RAM
chip> instal!t^ci 11'! the symem.
CONFIG+8

tn: ecuíaMt'

bank oÍ'
depenc]jr)?

RAM

on

the sys: tení.
the number Of

jTl

Common

Page
This hytt' reflecrs, the
fui Jy comply with the
rííade somewhat
needed.
CONFIG+9
fÚíiÑ byit"
F)j

us

.

Base.
Byte.
base
Page' of" the Common area in systems
which cío nut
32E.
M: ±mory
Banking architecture
of í3/P Bios. but can 1)ü-'
conípí i¿1nr .
This Ryte rrtust be AT LEAST 80!1. but may be hipher if'

DPE

Size.

- cc}n[ai11"

Sina.'

ns'rc'

Byte.

lensñ: h
inf'ormt jí;q;
íñc'

C.!
:

>

bisk

Parap]L"rer
Fí!ocÉ. i:
neecieci than
the IS hyttíí:

! ',locations
defined

wichin rhc'
by íjigiLc"í!
47

PROGRAMMING

B/P

Research

in CP/M 2.2.
Parameter data should

an ex"ten,ied
format is used.
use this byte to deterniine

Alf re-assignments
the size of records.

ol

BIOS!

i)isk".

Byte.
of DPBs in Common RAM.
DPBs in System
Bank..
Byte.
of
of Floppy 'Disk formats arm lbytes indicate the complete complement
able within the Bios.
In most cases, one of these two bytes will reflect a
Parameter
with
Disk
value
Blocks resident either in the Cornrüon
zero
ali
area
however
The provisions
with these two
or in the System Bank.
are available.
bytes to split the definiUons
for custom versions without voidinµ thú support
tQois provided.
CONFIG+1O
CONFIG+11
These
two

-

CONFIG+12
CONFIG+14
These
twü

to first Common
- Pointer
Pointer
to first Banked
words
poim to the firsr

Number
Number

Word.
Word.
thc-

DPB.
OPEL

list

ljPi9 in a sequential
vcithir.
banks
for Disk Parameter Blocks defined in the precedinµ
meinory
be a Null
pointer ((J'j()(/til
In most. cases one cñ' these' tv: o word: t v\'i
sponding to no elata as descriheci in the count byte," abore.

tive

li

respc'cbytes.
corro'--

CONFIG+16
String.
Initial Startup Comrríand.
be
1"hir
on a ('oÉcl Mc't.
sñrinst cL)tíLain>
tije t'írm coniniand xhich
7
Fufíer cief'inc"d
in the F.nri ronmnt
t i " ioadt'ti into
the Vu j t i pI €" (-'QRlHlar)(i
of' the specified
Qi
and cal!> a
í.St-t 5.Z.4l
name with a type'
' t.'O;j"
:'ht.{jI}::
hare un to eiphr characters
anA must be !\ul l-tc'rUnateci
Thu
tíiay
.
i€'ñcí íi"nh a F·Jnary
ñ). Tííe sjrinsz is defined a:'.:

-

will

initiatc'íl

file

ikscripíor

of Characters (Ü..8)
bvtes to" Ascj characters íusuaily Uppercase)
Null (binary O)
Terrrñnating

Number

Byte
String Byte
-

93

Word.
PoinÉer
CONFlG-i-26
to Environment Descriptor.
v\"ñi '::'rí
e>: tent1ed
7.34
'.j: . 9jJ"
!in\"ironDÍt:
cñ
byte'
This: VY"Oñí point"
an
thc
to
XX()C)i!
j
':
Set-'
becñ !7 on a Pázti: hcunciarr
Section 5.3.! fen" a complete d¿'xcrir.
FS/F'
r)Us.cri!jí(2r
and
Éñ\"i
the
ronníent
bios uniquü teatu: u:s.
of
tiQñ

-

nl

first

CONFIG+28
Byte.
éanked User Flag/6ank Number.
ísajíf.
I'st-'r
I)c uscm aí, a
ñí7í\'
Thi 5 !'iytc:
ñc\t
a
whether
indicate
to
ar
bt-'
bank
(.'
u.seíi ¿'jg. a Liser
by decree Qt the syster!:
bank
clef iñ€'ci.
c'annc't
Thet"etorém
this: byte contains a binary O, no User Rank is
thorm

-

fkií'

CONFIG+29
This word
Area

,

if

:-

au-

avail-

if

able.

:

to Start of Banked
- Pointer the
address
of the

User

Word.

Area.

available byte in the Banked User
first
"í.
into the User Bank should contain a
Routines loaded
and provide a prirüs'tructure to link sequential programs
t"unct ion.
n1ana?eInent

COñtáM<
one' é?Ást:
RSX header

standard
l ire n}errior\'

Byte.

Megahertz.
-níust contain the
to the nearest Megmhertz.
1his byte
processor speed rounded
arid uti ity pro?ranis
sot"tít"are
used
application
in
to
be
[irilir)g
loops
It may
appro: íiniaíi- [ iútt.'.
and
ho.st
wpc'ed of
CONEIG+31

CPU

Clock

Rate

in

j

1)\'

adapt

48

to the clock

the

coniputer

provide

an

l3/P

This

PFKT:

BIOS

byte'

:

is

vchich

prograrus

"c"f¡ectt'ci in
are 7-Systení

T.)z:

scrirtor

Enrironnitnt
"ar.arc' .

the:

Additional Wait State Requirements.
This hytt: is "nibbÍe-@1¿ípp€"(i"
to reílec't the number

s.z.m

(.SaCé

RAMMiPiG

as

ft"'j'

Vyg·|]

Byte.
nt'í-ded

CONFÍG+32

of
to: "
stare:
memory
accesses
these funct ions can
In the
set via software.
JO
ZSO,/Zl8(),
have one wait state
inserted within the processo: ".
port accesses
This byte does not account
fcr this fact. and reflects wait states 11\' ADDIT'ÍOY
TO
For older processors such
any which are built into the hardware.
as tht'
ZSC: '.
ef
thc.ze
hm'e
t'ect since additional
wait states must bu
no
bytes no7"nlí-lj iy
added wi tb haTd"A'¿ire .
anti

CONFIG+33

when

JO

-

Timer

Reload

wai [

',

be

Word.
sQf"TK'are-conf'iµuI"cLrt]':

Value.

.'
sr'stewm Interrupts
or Tinier values are set by
inít-'rs.
the ]()-|")_i t value at this locat ion is reserved for sett im'
t
the [ imt'r \"á lúe and 1Ilá\" be "t irte tuned' to aikw the syNten] to rüaintain cor--Qt clock frequenci.c's which may dc'i"iate frcmi
rect t"iiae in thc' prt>crj¿'{dtl'l i.>í
i"requenci es ñeí"utúí Í(j!" acc'üraU-' ñoCÉCÁ.

In

níany

c:ountdov\"n

LONF lG+35

Disk: Physical Parameters.
oi' Í()üi" 5-M"u-tmtries-,
. cÉ'fine'ci
Ciú\"e>.
'.ach C'ñíT\"

'y
Tlíi: tai.lt' con>i",^

Flopj:

-,

fc'ci"

!-'l"ly'i¿'rtl

Byte

O

-

i:

r'i"(}"\-ici'-'·í
Bit

7

6

1"("!"

Mt: -,t'

5

4

3

2

1

O

I

i

t

i

i

!j)p¡j

ñ\"Zt:

.

i3i

Table.

which conrain
as:
t

Disk Size 0OO=Fixed
O = Single-Sided,
< reserved>
O = Motor A1Hays
O =

300

RPM

Max

mapped

in!orniat

ton

OTi

Ur'

1('8

a:,,:

Disk,
1

=

On

1

=

Speed

1

·

001=8", 010=5.25",
Double-Sided
Motor Control
360
RPM (8" &

011=3.5"

Needed
HD)

< reserved>

Byte
Byte
Byte
Byte

1
2
3

4

--

SF¿'í;
l!í ail

- ik:
!\"uIíll")t'j_
-

ij

in

kit

i..oi"zíi

t'r}j(}aíl
cji

Those
bi'ñ>
iri Fiyíe
byte'
pro\"icic'7
the'

1

Ri'Í

J; lsec'(")n{: .6.
i i íseconds..
iri m
Thin'
irí níilIis.econc]Á.
raci:i: (l \"} ináem ) on drive

'r.i

Hi'f

.

are listed as unused must be set to U since íhíi
inir la! value stored in the XDPH when assipnab le drives ¿iú.
\4"hic"l2 do not need
used.
For c'ontroAcrs
the available
i.nforrrtation
(e'.?.
cío
Western
biNza!
controllers
not need Byre 3), these values rriav bt^ set to
any artntrarr
\"áiüc'. but JÍI ST remain presúnt in the structure to prtn"tu:r
changingt

CONFIG+55

This tiñ: t'

subsc'guent

- Motor
be'

L)

'ñ"hich

adcires"jst: :",.

On Time in 1/1Oth
Seconds.
used
in sonie rypt's of F'lopgc"

Byte.

Disk ccmtrojlers
to keep 'íhtrríotoí"s
spinnimt'hc for a specii"ied time after the last access
drire
to avoid
cIt-"
Some controllers.
lavs in brim ins:
syindie ud to speed.
notabb" tht:
\\'e'snerr
T'isÑta! !"ü: .x and 19xx series io not support this feature.
In thiu
z"l"ic'
C'á'·t¿'.
Íj\"! e }}}¿}\" M sei. tu am" arbi
írary value. bin MUSÍ" i"emin prese"n't .
I1tá\"

49

PROGRAMMING

B,/P

BIOS

Byte.
confíg+56 - Motor Spinup Time in 1/1Üth Seoonds.
be
imposed
13ios
before"
by
inp to
This time is thc delay which will
mneiñpt
the
when
.stopped
acces.s
a Floppr" ijisk drive
it senses that the motor is in a
F'rouidinµ such a delav will minimize the probability of" data
condition.
corruption H)\' m"itim-- to disk which is rotatinp at the incorrect speed.
Maximum

Number
of Retries.
Byte.
be made on a Floppy Disk
the number of" attempts which
before returning an error code.
access
In sorne cases. such as diaznostic
be
programs,
may
desirable to set
value to l to
soft errors,
\4e
attertipt. but succeed on a subsequent
or ones which fai l on the
.recommend a value of 3 or
based on our experience.
Larger values may resul t
!onµ, delays when errors are detected.
in inordinately
CONFIG+57

This byte specifies

will

it

this

first

identify

try.

j

CONFIG+58
This Word
when uxed.

Pointer to Interrupt Vector Table.
-contains
the address of the base of

CONFIG+60

-

Word.

an Interrupt
Vector Table whicñ.
The precise definit ion oí"
to se.i"rice routines.
the table is nen stanLiardi7e(! and niay vary considerably bctween
systenc,. Thi s
method
Ljr}i\"
proríc.ic'
and
of loca': ing the:
standardized
an easv
poiníer serré"
to
of'
sejl'\"l¿'ey)
table for Te-def'?nit1Ün
or system features.

n'

ccmcains

po}nteTy)

SCSI Controller
tht.' \'\'iát'st

ac: coRini(7(i¿1[€'

Byte.

T ype.

varieíy

rnc)(j¿'is.
byte is deíineá
mode l be jñ,? u.mí'c! .
Iii lllCiST Cá: -:t'7.,
the: íiios:
but may hm €- >icnií"icanr
[:ser-(ie\"el()!)€'("i
Lit tÚílC'S.
or
ed with the authcirs tCj in,Fuj"L
'haz

thu

sasj

,

f'unct ion.
O

l
2
3

4
5

5t)

-

Arj

nrrent '1ti'ir]iliol)g
0\'\'

di i Íe'rent cont rol
containing: a byte
this byte has little'
úf'fects orí Hard bisÉ.
adí!iuons Tl) ti"íj$ íal>!t"
suI)poTI'
ihc s.tanciarí!

qÍ'

Íél"g

a: i

¿j['s-';

should btutil ii ie"

!

Ada!"'t¿
Xe'!)'--:

:"'

Semtme
Shuz'art"
SnÁiI"-E

C

A'

Ft-4[}"l!'i.!

j4l': ).-\/h!"}'d£",:i!"t

i(fl¿:

-·)

:s.í\.$3!j

SC'S

t

S("'SÁ

m '"'--l
í: ':e",": e
!

(Mu
(_'(jl"lnf·'!

it"tü'í l
.

l.)uanLuR:

sÁ!hs{'T
aria

l

]Y(¿"¿ítC\í'

includín>" Illt' oitic'r

cocie to the' s,pc·cjf'ií
.it" any étft"í't
'¥{'i¿i]!f:
Diagno: _-t !c pr(')µ["¿¿!: i:-}.

dr i\'t': ·: ,t

c'()c)rL:
c'cir:

i

!!l,¿".j: j'.jc [.('

El/P

PROGRAMMING

BIOS

Table.
Hard Drive Physical Parameters.
Hard
physsicál
9-Fíc're
entries defininµ up io three
This rabie comists: of three
considered
le the SCSI definition allows for more units, three
bri \"és.
pI
needed,
CONFIG+61

V\'hi

veas

ease
contact
ional dr ives are
for rrtout system.
Cjt'
them
without inval idat ing any of t iii
including
the authors for methods
Each of' the three entries
is defined as:
standard utilities or interfaces.
It"

adequate

Bit

7

6

5

L.opical

and

Byte - Physical
4

3

addi

2

i

O

I

l

I

t-

Address

as:

1IIB reserved for Host)
Physical Device (OOO-I10B,
< reserved>
NOT Present,
1
O = Drive
· Drive Present
(OOO-111B)
Number
Logical Unit
for controllers
drives
capable of handling multiple
Number of" Physical Cylinders on Drive
Nuníber ot Usable
Physical Heads on Drive
indc-r
Surüber
tfyi
to bepin Reduced #"rire Current
Kurííber
("'\'j inCkr
ion
to be3in Write Preconípensat
Step l·: ate.
This bvte rnay either be an absolute rate in :iiS
cock' l")abe[i on control ier-specific'
definí t ion,".

Word

Byte Word
Word
Byte -

()1"

¿:

nú'nc'r
cant 1'"cí] )e'ts. the la: 'ñ three items ríiay noi jj¿"¿\"t' át!\"
:\1s·,o
tñü\"
in
cas'tLIiñ j";g' sot
ralut'.
to any
iri ñc'i\'ti"
c'h¿"¡.: ¿íctc?ri:Dí
nuníi_)c'r
of
such
rhú
Úi"i\t""\.
rhysic,l!
cy¡in(ÍL-!"j áñii !iL'az"y
as the
lC3
\"¿1 I\k'9.
tfíz-' (i!"]\_c· eicctron !cñ Vi·'l th re-lIlaprecl
rtiay bí" h]c: (jt'n \\i ÚÜe
p]"()\" itieú! u"
hi.'
S: i
t,'
.'V:
.
£'n: ;_iesL.
j¿j
iás>t
j
1"
\"
¿f[
thrct-'
ccmúnands
[
cunt rol tf
i: "
íi'ith tht'
toU: ,
\
.
P)
Ñ
4c
;
!UC
rÁrí:'}
.'\
iitr
\
a
r:
\"
L
>JL" t
.\.
t iC"
t li
t I"ái
Ut:
va
.
[(:
T

For

many

tíít'an:

!jl,?

c't"

tht'

'F\"hi¿'!]

arbitrary

(Reserved Bytes).

CONt' lG-r&!

! 1"u.'

j1\-tc".

resiúr': ed for füturt"

?,[é

eµ: t'¿i:1'-,

iü:

i.

Table.
I)e1íniticms.
Device
F)/1-'
i>,ti:
tííort-(S-P'vte
vc'rsi(}1}y,
oí
1)!!" tahie cÜñj
Íozu or
l(7-b\'te
in
íg
t':
Each enti""c
t::í'.l ñú-:·',¿ bu' tt.i"¡!'t!n,"¿¿c(] 1)\" a Xui! (binary Zero) byu-".
tit'
dt'f"ine . tl'íi' !7FÜÍ!t' ¿2'"j: Í c'!)¿¿!"¿qLt€'1"i.s! ics O!' a character dtu"icc' in tht.' S\".5téñi.
TOfñ'Tij- as tht'
r: -ñ !ü7jj cU" t M:5±' á}"t-' cl ' reci iy ami Jabie for se iect. ion m" tÍ_t£'
c!L:
t"ined and exchar]?t"z":
('U!]: i¿)!c'.
Au: ':i
Cnher
y ](") arC F·']'Ln[e!'.
entries ínay be
ii"'u.
i
rnakü
The entries
tCj
with tb.:
lour iq
tMñi accessible
the system.
are
d': "f irícj as:
CONí' !G+9

i.ií

3

-

Character

prií'r

Árics

i

fj

iiáj

String Byte

t\scii

Four

-Bit bata
7

6

character

capabilities

Kate
5

4

Écanie

3

2

1 O

t

I

I

I

Current
Maximum

0000

=

None

0001

E

0100

=

150

0101

M 300

1000

=

2400

1001

1100

=

38400

1101

134.5

COMl,

as:

PJOl,

NULL,

etc.

as:
Data Rate Setting
Rate Aval jab)e (Bits-per-Second)
0010

=

50

0011

0110

·

600

0111

=

9600

1011

=

115200

1111

=

4800

1010

·

76800

1110

·
·

as:

75
1200

=

19200

=

Fixed

Al

m P

PROGRAMMING

B/P

- Configuration

Byte

Bit

7

6

5

4

3

2

defined

lWte

2

Stop Bits,
Parity,
Odd Parity,
B-bit Data,

1

g

No

1

=

1

=

1

O =

No

XON/XOFF,

1

O =

No

CTS/RTS,

·
·

1

=

1

=

1

=

·

O =
O =
O

=

O =

Device
Device

O =

NOTE:

as:

1 O
O

NOT
NOT

Input,
Output,

Byte

Data Mask.
Bit-mapped byte
- Input
bytes read from Device Input.

Byte

Bit-mapped byte used
- Output Data Mask.
bytes before being output to device.
Po;nrer
Character Output routine.
- Pointer to
Status routine.
to
Output
Pointer
Charac'ier
Input routine.
to
Pointer to Input Status rourine.

Word
Word
Word
Word

used

Stop Bit
Parity Enabled
Even
Parity
7-bit Data
XON/XOFF
control
Enabled
CTS/RTS
Control Enabled
Device can be read
Can
Write Device
1

To

lopically

ANb

to lo2ic-ally

AND

with
with

-

last

Ílhe

prior to

l

.

Disk

5.2.2

BIOS'

i,

four pointers
L)ut.

were

accessed

are not at these Iocaüons
bu a pointer
returned bv

in
Bicis

b/F' bios \"e"rsjc)n";
Funct iorí
i(í.

Header.

Parameter'

logi cal data structure
required t"oj each
1ti2
conir'at
bi
Svstem.
operat
'
^
It consi»ts of a
series of eight poin[c'r.x which contain addresses oÍ other i'tems needed by the
The Address
Í)í),s as we] j as sonie scratchpad spacc.
of the IJPH associated v\'íi tlí
aÜct:
the'
l-iios,
by
a
s±'ie'cÍion \\"itii M(""3
a successiui
piven cirrve is returnee!
r
g.
!Í' Errors occur ciurim' selection.
Function
or the drive does not exis't. a
((")ÜQC}li)
3'uli Pointer
is returned.
The
di sk

ijisk

F'm

di"i'i"e

caníerer
1ii a

Header

lDí'il} iü

a

ií_'íe

(" F"/M

sk

four bytes. {.Ci each !")Í-'5
bicm. it was necessary
to add an additional
anci
Jogic'ai paraníeiers a',
inforrím ion on physical
which contain addiricmM
adci"it ional
These
wel I as Í' lag inÍ'orrlía[ ioi"i.
bytes art" rc-ferrU ic) as the'
µJ..)P!l.
Whi le similar
Lx[end€'c}
ljP!í,
iri concept
iq the extension ackiect tú
or
Xl)Pf1
The
CP/M 3, the implementation
prepenck the DF'H and níay bt
is different.
1tis?
a
accessed
As
m' decrement
in Es/l'
convention. DPHu
the returned address.
.
code'
have
Filos
for specific
reserí'tA ce rtairí label sequences
types of
source
for HarC Drive'
uní t s wi th [)PH0(.l-L)PH49 used fc: r Floppy Dr ives , l)pF!5(j-DpH8g
Part it ions and DPH9()-D,PH99 for KAM L'ri'ces.
For

FS/P

-i
ent ire DPH/XOP: block is required for each losíical drive in a F3/i'
whi
le scme pointers, such as the pointer to the Directory Buffer,
syst ení.
oÍ" drives,
be conirríon across a numbc'r
the other i[elns
for most systerñs,
unicjue
point
to
areas.

An

The

lion
52

bPH/XOF'll
'.
].)rc)gr(Lin:
k

c'

lem"nt s
are:

ag

inde: tc-.i

froiü

the

ÍJPH

addresses accessibi

e

bios,
may

will

u' apri ica-

B/P

PR(X'RAMM!!'!C

BIOS'

Format

DPH-4
a Zero
c'hangeci.

Flag.

Lock
- value indicates

th:"n the formar of the disk is
ví'a>
It" IÍK? FSicr'.
assenúAeci
with the Auto-select
oí" ciif¡'er¢gR[
a number
tormats in order to

f"i>: ed.

Byte.
but

níay I)lnot
option. the Bios will
scan
identify the disk.
If a ÜFfi'i
value is placed in this byte. it indicates that the format is fixed and cannot
be chan;zed.
This is noníal ly rhe case for RAM and Hard disk drives. as v\éi i
as for alien
floppy formats wMch hare been selected in the emulation mode.
It" the .4üto-select
M the hios,, a! i
opt ion was not chosen durinp assembiv
Floppy bis!: drives will also hare a 0FF"H byte in this position show'insz thzt
the formats cannor be chan?ed.
DPH-3
Disk Drive Type.
Byte.
the'
This M"te is bit niappcd and contains flags indicatinp
many parameters ot
drive.
ijor Flopp': brivt's. this byte contains a copu of the first hyte in tht
Physical !jrire Table (See S.2. I, ('Ü\'l"[G+35 j with the two reserved bytes s:c·t
Th.tí
durin;z ti't drirc scíe'í-i icír n: "c)c€'!z5.
byte is then defined a",:
Drive ÍVPe Byte
Bit

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

O

1

l

l

Disk Size O0O=Fixed
Disk, 001=8",
1 =
Single Sided
O = Single
1 =
Step Drive
O z Motor Always On
1 =
O
Max
Speed
rpm)
1 =
5.25" (300
·
O = Doub7e
1 =
Density
O 7

Tc'r

lian:

iq ai

!

i l.'i >k. !"-'{: t¿ ': t :(')!'!>,
::er{".:' iníiicm inz'

an'f
li

]" iu:

t ht' !': .áY
eci T.'ri\"c-:

i'ü\"€".
tvpe.

íhiu

tn"te

010=5.25", 011=3.5"
Double Sidéd
Double Step Drive
Drive Motor Control Needed
8" & HD Max Speed
(360 rpm)
Single Density

is

nm

used

aíU

is

:

'tt

DPH-,?
Threc

Byte.
- Driver llj Numt)er.
A. Zc'rü
Driver 7"rpt'.s art' üs'i: d irí z'he t/Ásic lí/l' IÑüs conÍiguraticm.
\"Áíúz·
di i\"í r, wit!_i other values used
ind}catc'j- a .\'c)/}-L-{!btL'r}t
to direct disk acct"r'f_'S
ciel inüci (jr1\'f :"
!basic
to tñc' rL'sl)<"c't i\"t-' CQCit: - ar'l'j"o;'I"iale To the de'."ice.
y
eú: í:-Á
Ice"
;C)i'i':
S'
i
!".'i'ú:
Ha-rt!
S!
typeq
Disk via tlie
interface (2). anci 1·:A".'
ii i.
hií,É:
(-"l,'.
é-Y'.c'ñci
inc:
yot'
\'\'!2!1
this: rabie to
to
;j
lwie ta]io!"eji dr_i\"['7": ',.
please CQñ"jüi t \\'i "t!' TÍ"il' áú'j'jo!"s
tí" preclude' possible
confi ictÁ wi tij pianm"·: i
exteris icm>,.
DPH-1
Byte.
- Physical Drive/ünit Number.
This byte con[a]j).b Ült.· Physical Di"ive or Unir Xtnnbt'r
hosr.in;-' int: io;z ic,i:
drive.
l-or Floppy [)l"i\"es'., this \'\'iii usually be in the ransze of O to 3 to: "
Hard
cir i\'eÁ
ni: 'iy
have
tour drivc's.
several 1)Píls shariríz t"he same physi cal
cíi"i\"é numhúr.
whi it: tizi>, iiic'id is ignored in the sinszje
RAM
drive supported 1!1
the distrihution Fi/i' ijio\, \"ffrsion.
NOTE:

The

f"ieid.s to
rt"m: 'r':e.ü
Cié' i
lñt'd.

?'ííysi cal í)rive X"uuiber byte for Hard Mives is comprised
hand!ln.£'
Up to seven
of S'.'SI cierices.
devices (device
(:
each
!'!cr'í
on}}'urÚr)
U!'i1t>.
hm"inµ u]' id :"i J..ozic'a!
tor Iñc
ease

Tnt'

i".\"íj

C

j",

cí"üji l'"ú'"'¿yf

of
11!8
niízy

¿¿"-;

53

[\4"(\
jg:
hc'

PR(Xí!L1MM! rm

Ehysic.a7.
7

Bit

Orí

ve

4

3

5

6

Wp mo":

Numt2er
2

1

O
1118
Physical Device (OOO-11OB,
reserved

O = Unit
1 = Unit
Not Available,
Active
(OQO-111B)
Logigal Unit Number

DPH+O/1

Skew

for

Host)

Word.
Pointer.
pointer to the Skew table indicator.
It rarely is used
and RAM drives.
It" the bios
but is required in Floppy Disk drives.
was assembled
using the Calculated Skew option, the address is of a Byte whose
absolute value indicates the numerical value of skew (normally in the ran,tze O!"
1
to 6) used for disk accesses. This terní is often replaced with Interleau: ',
Í'(.)t
and is synonymous
this purpose. IÍ' the value of the by[e is neµatiui'. it
sectoi"":
means
that the
are recorded in a skewed forní on thc di sk and thar
be seq'-íc·ntia!
If" the value is positive.
Reads
and \Ú"i tes shI-7ljl(j
then an
.
leo
a
thin
cc'níputc
pírrsical sector number based on the jes: rt'ü
aigori
is cal
to
assembled
For .svstenís
ioYi ca i sectcj" and tiit' skew factor.
without calculated
skev: . thiq vmrci point> to a tahle of" up tO 2(j bytes which níust be indexed v,"ith
the clc'."-i retl T'hys ica! Secror number (O. .Maximurü Sector Number i ro obtain ti\t
(: orrUspon("lln?
!'is: k ,Sec: [Qr nu[l"l|)U'r.

This word
for Hard

Table

- contains

a

i

DPH+2
These

value"

Dos Scratch WOrds,.
-threú '.mrciz
át"E a'."ai iahíe tut the

arc a46i?rtcj.

DPH+8/9
This word
U')ú

are

Directory EuiÍer Pointer.
- p¢.)intj,
Ii)
i: " -!"';"te L)am
¿j

It is us&Áj\"

F)\"

'jot"

n]E'aninoq

tjo">

a

in

cc)n!nlt"?;"i

nornmt

t

u

art!a
usu'.

a.i

l

ioj"

3 Words.
ño':

to use' a>
the dátci "U"rru¢

it

recµire'
Uíere o;"

\"(1
.

am"

fj'€úi

\"CííúÚ.

Word.

that
N'i:":- in a
are: í

i.s

used

systc'ni

tor ['lrecLc\r\" sú¿: !"c':!'£::
is irec:ue·nt ly upd,ítt'ci

.

and

pararrmíc'rs
cj
Sect ion S .2. .'i
share DPB de!

Word.
tjjf"
ciara
íhe loszica!
",trucrure which derails mm"
to
led
¿]"1\"é
is
dctai
in
tnc' seic'cteci
structure
or
[.)1"i\'eµ. oí' the' sanie type" anci logical
bt'lo'ñ .
con!'i2urat io:z F:i't"."
i n
",, so
the DPt-s
is nor uncorrimon to

dif"terent

!'F'H

structurtw

DPH+12/13
This word

-points

DPH+1O/1I
'!'his worcí

-poinrs Pointer.
another
DPEI

partition.

it

iríition:

Disk

pointing

Buffer.
scratch R-"\'ij

t(: )

the

its

find

same

Word.

Checksum

to a
to detect disk: chame:',.
br ive,s, and is disabled 1)\"
!)Á\_CS,
Foj" F ]Qpr\"
drives.

buffer area for ren}ovable-rhc:
feature is used only
ining a Zercz word (()()()01! j

-\ormliy this

enrrius
cannot

sectori
dr

(12x-hyte
bú

It should

shat"tcl
he

aniong

RA

conta

a PAY area v\'itñ one
is neec!úd (See 5.2.3,
i\'€-g.

that in a ful
i'í placed in the

ncnt'd

but fur
p1"oFTal)i: "
arplica[iQns

Checkst'uí

poiníet"

area.

.

I3"

dri\'e.q use: 'l
for E Loppy Disk:
for Hard anti Rt\7'!
byte fur erery four directcnu'
DPH+I1/12). This scratch areci

Fí/P Filos
Banked
system
Bank
and not direct

System

c}ia

with
Ly

ZSLXj'SZ,

accessible

triú
tn"

PROGRAMMING

BIOS'

B/P

(AL-V)

Word.

BufTer.

- Allocation Vector
points to a bit-mapped butter containinsz ont bit for each allocation
A "'}" bit in this buffer
Ülé
(See
5.2.3. DPF$+5/rü.
sub,iect cij-i\'é

DPH+14/15
This word

block

on

meam
tQ a
each

rhar

cnrrespondinp

rhe

while a "U"
logical driue arid

file.

means
cannot

block of data on the device is already alloc¿lLe(]
This buffer is unique to
that the block is free.
be shared amonp drives.

noted üíat in a fully Banked b/P Bios systew with ZSbOS2, the .Aj-\'
accessible by app! icaBuffer is placed in the Svstem Bani: and not direc'tly
SinceALV
buffer is frequent iy needed to COIhf'áccé8s
t ions pro?I"anis.
to the
7,SbOS2
ciÜi\€'.s.
contains an added funct ion to return ciijj.
ute tree space on
Usinµ
i
this caí allows applicat ions access
free space.
to the inforniation
uithout directlv acce3sins?
the data structure.

It should

be

Disk

5.2.3

Block.

Parameter

|'aT"at!]c[c'r"
íiloO lT-'F-'Fn ii-, a ciara structure defined by bi,Ntai Re: -,'-É¿"í:"í:li
y1 whí C!"í
cic'i'
(-'}',/:
ineú,
the- iogica j cónfig,urat ion of' StO1"áfzé on 1ÍlélSÑ
for
s[ora?€'.
has hec-'n
éxpa.ndeci
in Fi/l" Hio: í to include adciiuonal inforníarion to provick
enham eci
capahi ! i ty.
The expans ion is referred
i ¡€fz ib: j i t\" ami
tCj as rht
FA"ten("1c'(-i
I)Pi' Cj!" XÍ'v!-s. ancl r're!jen{js the actual L)PB structure.
jhc' address O!
lic·
from
!Í":
by
!'!-'ií
czincuneci
the'
bt"pi
ene
.i\"
pointer returned
the Bios err Dos
i.(: )e'L-'tiÍ.7t"|
1)PFSS
a
abo'."új.
the'
Corüníon Memory area
reside in
All
Cet' $.2.2
avc-.i Aíhic [t"' aj': " ! i cat j ün: -. protzranis
and ai"eBanked
whether in a
or ljnbanke(}
'the
[!)¢?
>: iíke
ÉujI"
of'
c'.7n\"c"nLiL)r,,
a
bPbs
thtsysrení.
sam' niarmít'
are labeleci in
CL6
'A") rii
i)!'ií",
!)ln)': -i}}'t(jg ust: cj for ! jcjr!'3' Drives. L'Pb>0-bI'!j.'s'/
tor H&tc! i:
i'art
ion:,. aná l.'pjt'"}-9'/ fur iü\jí bí"i \'éu.
Tht-'

hisk

ii

after

rñ4

ri':t·

it

'!"'hc

ut

Ía\"Lj}.;í

point'.

r

bb'i

tin'

i-'m"anict

Úl"

ísiocÉ:

a,s

inciexed froni the a'rai lalÁe

1'!-·'!1

ix:

DPE3-15
Ascii ii) String.
'1Í?!" striTí? S;t·l"\"¿: "j as i-tn

Bytes.
printed
icatiím'"'.
s>üc.íi
prcmranm
áh our HÍ-'FL")}-!'"$.."."i .
ñ"fj'\ strirw , Eiá\" bc' a rüixeci aiphanunít'mc ,i\: sc'! i
Cji"
huí
up tc' ten cil¿1!"¿íc"?t-'Fg,.
the líi>t valid character must hni"í tne :Yl:_):-,.T
set
" !
.Yjg!iij"icarlí Hit ';pit
Mi't tg r '!'".
10

-

DPB-6

iden'í

Format

7ype Byte
j'his byte containu sortm

íi'icaíion

Bit

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

O

l

t

l

níay

L)\"

be

Et1j}j¡

O.

Byte.

cit"

the io?ica! sequeücing
byre hart' the' f'ci iowim

vÜ!!cñ

the inforníar ion
inf orniat ion on the phvsicai
siµmii"ícance:
about

the-

cU

Disk Size:
Track Type
OCIO

O

=

Fixed Disk,

001

·

8",

010

·

5.25",

011

=

3.5"

001
Single Side
· Reserved
by
011
# Same
Sel
= Sel by Sec, Sec
Sec, Cont
100
101
SO
= SO All, SI
=
All
AI1,$1 All Reverse
110
by Trk LSB
111
= Sel
= Reserved
= Track O Side O
is Double Density, 1 · Single Density
1 = Single
= Data Tracks are Double Density,
Density
010

O

000

forníat ot the ciriue. am
medium.
The
bits in tríe'

·
·

5.5

PRCJGFMMM!!QG

Fen"

E,'F'

Hard
Drives
Media
and

and

Fixed

k.'\Pl

ímves.

this byte contains al

torniat.

DPB-5
- Format Type Byte 1.
This byte contains adciitiona!
information
The bits have the following
meanings:
Bit

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

O

l

l

I

l

F'lC)S'

bits Iq s:.znit

Zero

\'

Byte.
abour

the format

ot

OCIO = 128, 001
Sector Size:
= 256, 010
· 512, 011
OOO=1K,
001=2K,
010=4K,
011: :8K,
Allocation
Size:
(NOTE:
This should match the definition in DPH)

into.rnitttion.

=

1024

100=16K



F'c'r

!!ard

utili: ies

íCi\"j-$.

as,'"iunie
he sc:
as

y¡nou!cl

i

The'

O =

Normal

1

8"

·

Speed

& HD

distribution

that the bectoi"
in("lica[t('"l.

si:

(300 rpm)
Floppy (360 rpm)

version
'e

iÁ

always

or

Hard

Drive

oí"

HIP
Filos
5i2 7n'tet":

.

anci
Tht--

t hú
su r»po !"
rerüainin,sz
ijtitt.

i

DPB-4
Skew Factor.
Byte.
This': byte is a signúá i"bin;Ir\"
1(")
\"¿2juc' inciicat irj? the skerc
l)t,·
ust ".t
'\',["
I
:
ciuí iñ? Form-it . Rectci
used
y\
áñti
i": riccrna!lv
i
only
ioppr I)Á\'É: 6
í(.ú'i"i!)
anti u.'íualü" 9,t?t
iOf riarci and R.'\jl d.ri\"€'.-í iq ind1.ca¿€' tnát iu-z(1/!: to
anci \U"i tes siiuu lcl ht done \ii th Xl) ":É:C'i', .
the op[ion to caicuiatt- sÚi"n' i: > 12
r
:í$>€'nlt'!j
Ü1()>.
Skc"'.'.'
du:
Hie
"effect
lñ,2
['"t
pointer in the bPi! (!'.!-'li+(),·'i )
.
Ü"l!ScÍ'fec'T
< })yt'3.
¿7
4l-"\'.
taOlc'
l"ytc'
l!-,
u'u:
has
t!
ñu
aria sn'.7ujcl I')l $t?í
':l.

-

factor
ith

itl

-i

It

p'jrt

ihi

t O ti9il,

OPE-ti
Thist

Siñíc'

- Starting Sector
hytt' C[)ríLct¡!"l> tíj·-·

Number.
nUnii)j

i.ñj,É; '-)r){.'f'az Ai,2
\"¿Zl"i!e
ü"jiY
c'n: 't' sector: -..
3
!
!ju!1,l_)¿.',">,.
ic:
á
p!}\":
.-(Ktúj'
DP6-?

nicm

("u

:"

µ.\"g'IL!!i!>
pt"o"í"

l

Üíú-

ü: -n.- a
t!' :-, í n'.

Byte.
}"h\"-qicaj
tí"¿i-t".
Secrcn"
o!) c-."ic!í
.{t't"[)-t)dSC'¿i
sequc'rír ial scM'ñti'
to Te'Íe i"cjf tser
i('"}.git[1j
t l.""
u"' correct

tir>t

tnrtiai

Sectors per Track.
- Physical
conmins the nuni: m- oÍ" Physical

Byte.
to iomca! i 3t: ¿'[clrs gÉji
each tracl. .
t'P/ul comnures
For eeample,
on Rs-byte
al loct: ioí: "
sectors
F íoppy
wni ch are useci on s iní' ic--ciensi
1\' t:
one of rhe
popular íí\'t'bisks.
inch fonnau uses five IE: physical sectors which equates to 4() logical Ci-'/M
This bvte contains 5 in this instance for the nuníber of Ik Phystcai
sectors.
Sectors .

ihis

hµ'tt:

(as

opposed
based

t

Side.
DPB-1
Byte.
- Physical 1racks per
This byte contains the nuníl)er oí Physical 'tracks per Side. also called thc'
K'uníher of Cyl inders.
It reflects the Disk, as opposed to the Drive capabiliand is used
establish
the requirements for double-stepping Üt Floppy
to
ties
Mires . In the case c/í a 4Ü-track disk placed in an BO-track drive. this byte
St--ct ion
would contain 4(), while the brive parameter in the Confipuraíion
This byte has no meariinjz
contains 8() as tht-' number of' tracks on the drive.
for Hard l.'r i"\"t" part it ions or k'\'j dri ves and shou id M set to Zeru. a l th(?É-: 3'rl
any arbí trary ualuc j;'j acceptaiAc".

5E

f3/P

PROGRAMM

EllOS

INC

Word.
Logical
per Track.
- is the Sectors
elata
each
oí Logical
number
trcíci. O! thú
l2í>-byté sectors on
number
of Phvmcal Sectors times the Physical
it is equiualent to the

DPB+O/1
This í"a)ue

dis!..
Sector Size

i29.

M()b

Byte.
Byte.
Byte.

Factor.
- Block Shift
Mask.
- Extent Mask.
-three bvres contain
Block

DPB+2
DPB+3
DPB+4
These

values used by the Operatin7 System
ro compute
Their values are detailed in
Tracks and Sectors tor accessing tofzical drives.
various references on CP/lv! and ZSlX)S propramíinµ and should not be var ieíi
of their effects.
without knowledge
(Capacity).
contains the number of the last allocation
is the same as the capaciu' in al location blocks
al locat ion bioc'kt> art" bc·inµ used and a }() Mqzabyte
l
24!99.
thi s word wou\ci contain i().OO().(j0O/4O()()
- or

DPB+5/6
This Word

Disk

-

Word.

Size

block

l.
- drive

on
Foj"

the drive.
example.

is being

O!

the \uníbe.t'
vi"ord would

bt^

Ln'cries - !.
ser to it: Z4 -

i"oí"
!

=

exaiüpk'. ii'
l'j£3.

1024

t

Word.

DPB+7/8

Maximum
Directory Entry.
This 'jórci cDñtiÜñs the numhür of the last I.)irector\" Entry

i

i Í" ¿j
ch-'f"inc'c.

is rhc suznr:
are ci€·síj"€: c'.

and

directories

-

CT't

tñr'

2
Bytes.
DPB+9/1Ü
Allocations U and I.
¿?\"[L"!3
c:
t".'."c}
.stored
2he,':
MIC"! rht' ]n!t1(Ái aliocaí ions
twc/ Bytes
in the
cl
S'.
:
Tnc l!"
}
ísu! fer {See
drn_e
the' Y.\
during
m'!ect !c)ñ.
.2. b!'h+!j/!3
I)ri1nF¿r\" U",l· IS to ir)t_jjca[€'
ihat the" Directory Sectors arc" aíreacñ"
al !(.)ca!ec"i
¡¿-jj"\
"
Ciíi1X:
it-'
anci u:1a\_al
stc)]"a?Ü.
values ana are u".cd in
Thcr a:rt' bi t-mapped
io:
Ci"j
cmrosr'd
stcjt'a£Ü
lti-hyu- . í.o-j)\"ít9 !('["[l'l
to the normal i\' used Lo-brtú. !í!-t3y[c"
I"c?!"
\4o: rc:
L"í-'i. s
'
úScúi iri /41.)
"Me
trcm íht' !\¢S'.v'
t}"p':
sroragü.
are a!lc)c'a[ecj
oí" ZM j"j r>t l:,íU.
rhru tht' ! Ni. then jf,x!s thru LSl". of' the súconcl r;y[t' Tíascci on
i:
i"
íQci'ít
l.)i(:)c!- c)j" i: racticm tñereüt" used
bv
The
TYj
jC)Tt
'i'. .
orxi'
til
Mrec-tor"c.
t:
C"
1)\"
oí"
ñh"í\"
in?
t
number
loccít
r'i tS
ion
ir>r cornp'it
cíí iculatúci
the
entries per al
Any renuníMr.
híoci.. them di"\_i("jLri2 the desireci number OÍ" entries by
mainder
r€'cíLíire$
allocarion
a!! aü(_ii[lon:

-

iir"t

initi,.

bits

tK

íi

For exampit-.
4()g(_:

b/í2

then
byte

.s

t'n'tt:

Sl2/ií>

()

would

DPB+11/12

This
indicates

V\o: rc!

-i

this

ai ioczt ion blocks are used. each block is capable ol
SIl? entries
pc·r entry = l2ti Directory
Entries.
are desired.
If
4
needed
=
which dictates that Aljocatiün
allocation
blocks are
be
ii !!Ü()()ÓH (()F(JH) and Allocat ion Flyte l would be OOÜ()OÜ0OB.
i

t

bir.

4k

Check

S(ze.
onl y used
the numoer

Word.

in'
(normally only
loppy bríves ) art
checksums
oí sectors on which to comj"ute
to deteci
chan?e(j
be set to OOOOH
and FUL\Í ínsks to avoid the
disks.
should
for
Fixed
it
time penalty of l"ejQqging after each warm boot.
s

removable

DPB+13/Í4
Track Offset.
This i\"orc! inL: i[-:i.íe:¡ the nuníbc·r
!K'i'
éÍ7ÚCíÁ\"t.
i i is norriia!

-

i"

media

F

Word.

oí Logical Tracks to skip before the present
i\" used to reserve boot track". lusuaAy i to
K7

U *

R/P

PROGRAMMING

3). or to
tracks used
5.3.1

larger
for other drive

partiuon

Environment

Descri

into
initions.

drive>
del

srrial

logical unitq

íer

BIOS

skippinü

1)\"

ptor.

Environment Descriptor.
referred to as simply the EN\'. is the heart oí"
known
The
The iñCjSl recent additions
Z-System.
as
is now
to the system by
and
sonnie
Sage
replaced
joe Wright
jay
relatively meaningless elements in the
dependent
EN\' with system
informat ion such as the location of the Operating
System
Consequent
components.
Iy. the EXV is not just a feature of the ZCPR
Command
Replacement,
but
3.4
is an Operatinp Systení Resource
which
Processor
such
ZCPR
as
allows oUter programs
3.4 to access its information.

The
what

B/P

requires an EÑ\" to bu present, and uses several items of iniormi-ition comained in ir. The banked ZS1NS2 and Z40 Command Processor Replacerm: nt
Ic4"
use even more FjX"\
features.
i\ fe'.'i reniaininµ bytes have been re-defined
bi(Ds",-b¿a>,L·(l
Tl")
HIP
f:
F'/F'
systeri,ü.
denote thú definition of
Bios data
úuppori tcj
e lenicmts'..
hax been
Using this "7ype" byíc'. use': "
a neit' Tyj'c' . 9íhí.
reservea.
áñ¢.t
[)rQgrar!!!.
can accesj)
takt acj\'anta.2E' oí' the new' det inií ions and f'eatU.rt'6.
l'he

l3ios

[eKlr)|¿í[e
\"ajuE: -, Uc_m
.A

tc: i"
'Ú!t·

in H/i'

used
hescupror
jllcjt|tjeL} in the

iht: Fnn iromiení
?,.iiiAúi .i-lb ÜiÉ'

Bios.

distribution

which
disk is:

.*"k**¿'**': K:s:s::h>.*'a:*'*.g"-z'.:F.>:i.:4*z.>.
t' .-\ (' "i I U '\ *'*cY*: F¥***:**:!'*s*m:!:z:*":i.*z
1"C)Ili
aí"i
c? íCjt-f
i(")})ins2
t
i'
Qpe]"aLln2
environínent whicn
[ i"á!iSl t
·i
i líes such as S\t"S.É!\"','. vou must
UseS,
u¶t-"í"-i()adec!
Éñ\"2 rorínlL-'"?í
cíe 1eÉc'
Í"l les'.
't' e]tí]t-l"
.suc+ !üa-!
Lñ>U"UC'L ions or modifr the li!'r"\'
iQac1e("j
íf"it-'k
EXACT
Ays[erl¡
aeÍ'ínnicm.
to reliecí
'i.
tííi 3 i'ac't \1 _i i i prc)r)ab iy cause man c
i'ai iurt' u) o!-)>·.c'r\'"t'

ii

*

unck'síreu side étit:

&'d'Z'z.$: Z'a-x'A:"t:'i'&:d'A:z

:

Eijvj

ERL'

KSj'

,

ronme.nt

0escr"i

k>tcu"

Z:.S.Z:4:.!:8Z:&.]'q:**Z-*&:A.*+Z:S'Z.&.R:&:z:Z:^*±:*:A:*x:>"?.Z'K"

ZCPF: ZZ

jF

O

DEFE

'Z3El4\i"

;

DEFE

9ñl"

;

DEF\/

EXPFTH

:

DEFE

EXPATRS

:

DEFW

RCP

;

DEFE

RCPS

;

DEFW

lOP

;

DEFE

lOPS

:

DEFW

FCP

:

DEFB

FC.PS

:

DEFW

Z3NDIR

;

DEFB

Z3tlDIR£.

;

DEFW

Z3CL

:

DEFE

Z3CLS

:

DEFW

Z3E!IL'

;

DEFE.

23ER\'S

:

,

Lead7r\e

jump

(addrw',e iÉ

Eru'iremtent
Env
type (>=90Fi
External Dcith

CEllOS

when

H2CC)t-()

ID

Resident

Extended

E/P

meanE

command

package

Flow

package

di rectories

Named

line

(CL)

ronment

(EHV)

Command

w/User Area)

(RCP)

package (lOP)

command

ERV

(PATH)

Input/output

Éñv7

*>:

:!

'
'e
"'
""
&
:$'

ctx;

8': ?z z'z.¶': í:z:z'z.*>

for

tar: t"s

(FCP)

(NOR)

- Actual

Starti rig

Address

it'--,

B/P

SHSTF.

;

DEFB

SHSTKS

:

DEFB

SHSIZE

DEFW

Z3MSG

;

DEFW

EXTFCB

;

(SH)

(MSG)
buffer
External fcb (FCB)
External stack (STK)
Quiet flag (1=quiet,
Wheel
byte (WHL)
(MHZ)
Processor speed
Max disk
letter

Message

DEFW

EXTSTK

:

O

:

DEFW

Z3WHL

;

DEFB

9

DE FB

' P'

DEF8

31

;

Max

DEFB

1

:

1

DEFB

O

;

DEFE

O

;

DEFB

80

;

DEFB

24

;

DEFB

22

:

;

EllV,

INC

,

DEFB

- 'e

stack

She17

DEFW

In Extended

;

PRCY3RAMM

BIOS

'

CP.T

:

1

user number
· Ok to accept
CRT selection
selection
Printer
CRT O: width
# of lines
# of text
]ine£

is replaced

; ;

DE'E

132

;

; :

DEU

24

:

: :

DUE

22

:

by

System

DU:

O =

,

Not

Ok
( )
( )

Infc

CRT

I: Width
# of lines
# of text
7ines

:

Ram

i=,

:

Lalid

.

quiet)

O=not

PONMLKJIHGFEDCSK'

:

IF
DEF\1

RAMDSF:

QQQ1OOOOCC111111E

Drive

If

ELSE
00OOO0C)(J0111l111E.

DEFil

drives

vector

ENDIF
DE FEJ

Cl

DEFE

EQ

:

DE"E

EE

:

DEF 6

5(2

:

DEF6

1

;

L|£5urr)E"f¿!

Prtl

stc'raCdE

"-

: :

DEFE.

9E.

; ;

DEFE

66

:

:

DEFE

58

;

; :

DEFE

1

;

DEF5

USPCS

;

USRSP:

DEFK

USPC

:

DEFB

USPCS

:

:

In Extended

EtlV,

,

Printers-

PRT

width
# Of
lines
t/ qC te7't TWíé'é
FF f?aC
(1=can
(i:

Form

Feecñ

Z and

Re"'ident User Space
I: width
# of lines
# of text
lines
FF flag
(1=can Form

Vector£

for

:

.

(Reserved)

.

DEFE

132

:

: ;

DEF E

EC

:

: ;

DEFE

5-S

;

Feecí)

Remaining Free User Space
(recs)
Res.
base
Address (xXOOH/xX83H)
User Space
S7ze
7ñ 128-byte
of Res. User Space
recs

3

: :

========

F'RT

.

are gone, rep7aced
PPT

2:

Width
of ÚiñÉg
# of text

by

System

Info

#

}inee>

59

B,/P

PRCX3F?AMM!NG

; ;

DEFB

1

:

; ;

DEFB

132

;

; ;

DEFB

88

:

; ;

DEFE3

82

;

; ;

DEFE

1

;

DEFW

CPR

;

DEFB

[DOS-CPR]/128

;

DEFW

DOS

;

DEFB

[BIOSJT-DOS]/128

DEFW

BIOSJT

DEFB

'SH

DEFB

'VAR'

DEFB

'

DEFB

'

DEFB

'

DEFB

'

DE'E

'

DEF9

'

DEFE

'

DEFB

'

DEFE

O

DEFE

O

;
;

'

;

'

FF

flag (1=can form feed)
Width
# of lines
# of text
lines
FF flag
(1=can form feedi
CCP base
address
Size of CCP in 128 byte records
Bcbs
base
address (xxooh or xx80H)
Bdos
;
buffer size in 128 byte records
base
NZCOM running)
Bios
address (NZBIO
Shell variable
filename
Shell variable
fi'letype
File 1
PRT

.

3:

if

;
'

;

'

Fi7e

2

Fi1c?

3

File

4

:
'

:

'

:
'

:

'

;

;

Put.'ic
Public

;

Env

:

128

area (ZRDOS
user area (ZRDOS
bytes iQñc: -

+)

drive

+)

Capabilities.

Terminal

5.3.2

;
'

BlOC

TK"scriptor áésc: r ibed al"b(",": t'. ¿"i L1íjni: ;:."
In aá.Á t ion tu tl^: c' i3ás: lC i: n\"i."onn}':n"L
it> attac'hc-: :
(TCt'P.
also k: íown as TERMCAÉ"I
Termina! t.apahc lit': rt:cc)["d structure
ior
cjf
téSí
def
and
thr conípatt": " ZE"t'iíi ·.
to re':erre spacc
jre detau It capafj ii t
i a
'n"i
!
FLIES
!
1\"
!
:
he
compl
i
u
t",íu
t
The de
t n,R'\?\"'A!' is
ant
íh
na .
rout i nc' s ügcúQ
(.'c)níl1íl!tíit\"
at"te'r
"\1-1Fí:
!.).
lhe skeleton recorci sU"üc'turt: .}"í;
the Z-Svsreni
w
' u:t Y » Ák3 RY XX ** **jF* X.K* T * ;irp » ;ii b » t :$ ¥7 ;pX » Y ;1:k k: r :K *? 'r X y :k Ik*X * * * X * X t X ** X ».jt * :r»k* Ejkk » * X.* ?K
y
Dat¿
TermCap
; Ty)ig
fbt" the NCvi Z'-Syeter: ' comSl les with VLIB4D
s»ecs and mcre.
;
;
;

fu27y de"crubes the termmal arte' it@; capabiiities.
charactervstic'a
values for ycmr tesmnM
or use
from the S3tartu;: .' fi le.
outboard cjefini ti¿)rl íoadeC

it

TCA,"

:

BIZ:
814:

:

Terminal

GOELD-EN\'2

:

1OOOOOO(jE

:

Offset
Eit 7

DEFE

'

DEFB
DEFB

'

Name

Reverse Video
· lo-second delay
1 = No Wrap
char written
in line
to last character
1 = No SCroll
to
char written
last char in lasít line of dip1z·y
1 :z AliSí

O =

None

1

WraL'q

Q =

Line

Scroll

O =

Scroll.

(i

ASCII,

Standout

;

EllS

b1

Power

:

815

b2

No

B15

b3

No

E15

b4

Al·lEI

Up

Delay

,
Wrap,

·
?

.
g
7

space terminated)

to GOELD in graphics section
rema"tnder
undefineC
= Extended TCAP,
1

jjcj

(30

bytes,

Half-lntensity,

B15

;

temp1atL:

O =

:

:

(13

the

a

with
fer an

fields

Edit
as

=

if

if

é/P BIOS

El 5

,

DEFE3

PRQGH

OOOO0CK)OB

DEFE

' E ' - '(¿i '

DEF E

'X '

'D' -

"u '

;

Cursor"

DEFE

'í9 '

;

DEFB

'S

'@'

;

Cursor Right
Cursor Left

DEFE

O

;

CL

De'lay

DEFB

O

;

CM

Delay

DEFB

O

:

CE

De7ay

DEFB

C)

DEFB

O

'-

;

O

DEFB

O

DEFB

O

DEF Fj

C)

DEF E

O

DE'FE

O

DEFE

C

DEFE

C'

DE PE,

("t

DEFE

(I

DEPB

Ci

IJT.F 3

O

OUT

O

;

.

DEF E.

Cj

DEFT

i

DEJE

O

DEFE

C'

DEFE.

' * '

DE FE,

'

DEF E

' " '

DEFE

'

'

"

DE FE.

'

-

'

DEF B

' : '

:

'

'

DEFE

' " '

DEFB

'#
'+

'
'

DEFB

' + '

DEFE

'+ '

DEFE

'+
'+

DEFE

C'

IJEFE

C)

cursor

ASCII
motion bytes

Down

start

here

(CL)

Home

Screen Clear
Cursor Motion
for" C7ear to End-of-Line

for
for

Cursor and Clear Screen
;
Cursor Motion
; (CE)
Clear to End-of-Line
: (SO)
Reverse On
(SE)
;
Reverse Off
; (TO)
Termnal Init
: (TE)
Termnal De-init
ExtensiDn5 to Standar"d Z3TCAF
: (LO)
Delete Line
; (LI)
Insert Line
: (CD)
Clear from Cursor to Ena-of-Scr
Attributesz setting
Oarameters
: Se':
Attributes
String
, Éttributes
Read
items.
from screen
: ReDort Cur",cir
Pos'ri (ESC y Pn Prd
Read
Under
Curscm
;
Line
;

:

(jEFE:

Scroll,

(CM)

DEFB

DEFEI

Strings
;

:

GOEí-l'

Reverse Vid, Wrap,
Additional
single character
; Cursor Up
:

:

AMMltiG

'
'

Ót1/(jFf

De1cw

Grapl"nc3 strings
offset
from rjE7ay value.
C)rt
: Graphics
; Grapnics
Off
; Cursor Off
; Cursor On
Graphics Characters
; Upper-Left
Corner
; Upper-right
corner
: Lower-Left
corner
; Lower-ri ght corner
; Flori zontal
Line
; Vertical
Line
; Ful)
Block (hashed block)
: Hashed
Block (big X)
; Upper
Intersect
(Upside down "T")
Lower
Intersect
("T")
.
; Mid
Intersect
(Crossing Lines)
; Right
Intersect
("T" rotated left)
; Left
Intersect
("T" rotated right)

]

{"

[ " ]
[ "

j

[ " ]
[

-]

[ : ]
[

*]
[#]

IK
{+]
[+]
[+]
[+]

EN\'END

El

B/P

6.

B/P

Utilities.

Ellos

have

GENERAL

UT!L1T!FS

EllOS

support rout inús Iq assist you in using anci
Manv of these Íollow" g,eneral !y estabj ished
Bios installations.
taiiorinp
Í'unctions. and their use may be readily perceived.
of
Others are a('jap'.a[lQnb
ZSDOS
routineq which we developed to support our earlier
operatinct- svsteni.
or
.
The rüníaincler
irt the Public Domain.
were
are adapted from routines arailable
written specifical ly to support this product.
\4e

developec!

and

adapted

many

13/"1'

Each

support

Utilities.

rout ine

ir'-cíuci

iny
by

fol lows penerai ly-acknow leckecl pract ices
t-in Help, and re-execut ion wi th the

bui

!

of'

Z-Syst él:

CX)

conmzmci.
followed bv a

Help is accessed
typin;z, the name of the desired rout ine
double-s lash ( i .e. LDSYS
Addi[iQna!
inf'orrna[ion
is prcn"ideci in tin:
.
fol lowinµ sections Qj this nianual.

//j

cU'

iht-"
"íhe>e

features of'
rariis .
raí"y áMCül
nuíiibc'
you support a
r c: t
Some'
2

g-i'¿.'(-i!'1c
a
C'"C'¿itt' g;L.\-'il
fol!c$'.',: nL' ciL-µ[_i'ii"".i(..)I'}'-..
Ci a

[a

t!'i

li

l't"'ctLü

[ 7:

TA

i

Fs/7'

Es-los

I"';"'-)-m tía Ve rs i(j!]-¿!/'?'d:
i!7ZCtT"l"f"i}l7µl¿t\!
bc
systems
spe"ii'ic
shüujd ñcrt
jr
¿j
"
it t e t"eñL cL)R]puL¿'1"
[\"rí'") . (ontací uu i: \"Oti ñC-..úi Tl_)
OÍ'
oÍ' curie
t --U j()T'cl.j \'c-7 s ion
];"j t!","
these pT[jg|"a!IL: -,.
\¢'})Lch
éM rLjullr}tg,
arc resírtcíec to a spccítií- µ;\"stt: ::í

!Qf"¡ rjg

are support

c-d

!C.L-.n[

and

u T C:'

f4O

¿"ín!]("!tc1Lc(i

.

62

Et/P

ElPlí'jlLL)

BPBU ILD

6.1

System

-

Building

image

BIOS

UllLlilES'

Utility.

The purpose
of BPt'S( !LD i s to create a loadable Systerti Image.
input i lle".
t
by
needed
include the output oÍ' assembling the BPB!C)-}: :l:
ín
Mi croSot't RFL format }. a REL or ZRL iníape
of an Operat ing System !ZSÍÁ)S for
i
unbanked
or ZSBOS2.ZRL for fu iv banked systems are recommended) , and a Rl L or
(ZCPR33.RE.L
ZRL image of a Corrírüand F'1"ocessc)r
Z40.ZR'..
for unbanked,
for
iy
banked
recommended)
systems
.
are

utility

this

fiju

ful

is capahle of incorporar in>' many 'types of operat inp system components
ZPDOS.
Among systems
into the executable image.
tested are customi zed BlOSes,
CP/Y 2 .2, ZCPiC2, ZC PP-ix and others.
One restriction in any segment
occurs in
the use of Named COMMO\"S
for locating variot's portions of the systeni within
Most
t he processor' s memory níap.
assemblers and linkers are lirríited in the
The
l inker
nuniber
of' d ifferent riamecí CO.\Ñ(i\" bases
which can be suppcuteci.
EÑ'\/_
in 13PBL"ÍLh can handle oniv the tollovt'in,sz
named (Í)MM(-)\: 4:
incorporated
,
MCL-_
,MSG
FCE3
BIOS , BANKZ, B2RAM, and RES'VD.
SSlh
XXK
,
.
,
,
,
_
.,
BPHUIIJ)

6.1.1

Using

BPBLJILD.

\,\'i eh
ope-rates
iai'ered íjenus and may bu iní"oked
to
i"i
aí'í
e:
hume
for
iü, \)j" with defaults to construct
j' i le .
a! i i "i ie> nee'.}t--\'j
u) c(jñ>,í ruc't tíj€ ciemred irna7c":
Í-'Tj\"é
and ljs.er Arca.
níu:-.l "resñlc in the current
or be
fot"
undúr
Zbix)b.
synta"t
IM'
iny
P7F'iic
upúrm
HPFI'.JÉL.D

iisuny

attrilzuic it
BPBUILD
BPBUILD
BPBUILD

!

t

for

shot' id
Harci

6.1.2
L"porí

i hi

s

nor

Menu

i nía '"'tí
i

t

A thm i'
art'

Screen
Z'i'hi..í!

sta"rtinµ
screen.

out put
! !
ex
l

\\

M

2.)1" ,t\"C"7t

//

.

the

ioca: c'd

/: srh:)sj

in

total

ac'cúsibK

thú

system

is'

tht' seíec'-tñ

b\"Ñtént

tjanP.

1)0>.

i3: t

µj iocu

!c:

i Miftí

'>

Details.

i ix": ;.
1?(-' rrc'7Ú!7["£'c?
i\'itf"t
íhc" mir: Ei€9!l'Á '",cic'c· }.
\"()ü '\',j¿;
"
Ü"7j
i'íú
t,'\!"té
min caíeµoriei'. to taj ic': t tit'
you !!l[: y Ñt" it - i suit.
t
1)\
"¿
thc cof1t"!,"Llrc:
¿"jl"'"\" '"K)tff'
ion, pi"é">> 1tj2 cort roí-e' ('u" r "i; a""
prompt .
tútti!ú aríci !"e['ur!"! tcj the c"'omíand Processot"
'.).

[

Mai n

i

File

Names

2

BIOS

Configuration

3

Envi ronment
Selection

64

a Ter!(ícc"n]c"T"lT
i)" ñé\4'
iniage
bo: "3 . Áñíi (j·'i\'
\"iá tí"jtj'
rsi'i$L',li.1y iu.:

- Make/Nodiiy a w/detaults
specuíc system
{Defautt type is .IMG)
Message
- íasplay this
Generaze

frü)ft]

bui lei
a
'Bio: i,.

:

B/P

6.1.2.1

BP!3UILD

UT!L!T!ES

E!C!S

Screen

File

1

Names.

oprion One from the

the:
main
menu wi l I present
a screen iistinsz
Selecting
inla,E€:
and
needed
the
to build an
current file names for the three input files
,
name to be applied
to the output file. If 13PBUILI) was executed with tM narñe
of an existiñf2 Imatze
the file names will be those of the files used Lq
L.
file.
orhe: rwise
IKja?c[
build the specified
will be default names furnish': ¿'c}
fijt·,
it
by BPBUJ LI).
sample
non-banked
A
YASBEC system
might be:
screen for a

Files

"

(1.1)

1

Command

:

ZCPR33

.REL

2

Operating

:

ZSDOS

.ZRL

3

B/P

Bios Source File

:

B/P-YS

.REL

4

B/P

Executable

:

BPSYS

.IMG

Processor
System

Selection

Fi le
File

Image

:

Select inp anr c)!'íc- of" th: -' f'cur options. \'\'j l) ai low you to ctíanpc thí' n:ute OÍ' thtt"ilc to Ü4t: i'or thc cies,ired
sc.g,|Iie'ri[.
ljt'fault File types exist for each en: ry
v.ith bot1_í the ('oi!inj: i!]c} F'rcjFej,xc)r ami Opcrat Íñ$2 S\"SÍC'ñi f i It's dc-i'ault iñf-' Ii) .7Rl
:
70 Ú\"dc'
is entered,. Tim Rios fi le defaults' to .RF1.. whi le the iníagt output
det)íu!t".
[i-";
t'jít.t\f'.r.

"

6.1.2.2

Select

Msii'
>;t-íyI)}€mF>

Screen
l":

2

Conhguratiori.
2) p.rest'n1>
Ü'íc
gumt icm f"ronl the Main Menu lSe!ecíion
which t lit: >:izés and iocations. of either existin.2 sy.sí ti'ríi
huí !Lliji,L? from íi!í existin.2
jyg Í'i lci or default miuen t'rcmt "\í'itFli!.
sarnplc
screen tüight appear as:

-

BIOS

('o{"Éf"i

i()s
screen from

inµ

l

13PíiI"I!.í'.

if"
t\

Envi ronment (2.
COMMON

A

(Bank

Common

C

D

BIOS

MEMORY

Si
Common
BOOS
Si ze
Command
Proc Si ze
User Space
Si ze
ze

B

O)

I)
BANK

D40OH

E

83

Banked

F

28
BEOOH

G

16
E90OH

H

6

MEMORY

BIOS

Banked
BOOS
Si ze
Command
Proc si ze
User Space
Si ze
Si ze

C60OH

Selection

2

OOOOH
O
OOOOH
O
OOOOH
O
OOOOH
O

:

65

B/P

!3PBU!LD

BIOS

UTlLITIES

While the ability tQ dictate
locations and sizes for various system sizes is
vve
proridec! at this point.
urge you not to alter the values for Bank 2 Memory
unless you are VERY familiar with the potential
effects and wiilinp to risk
The primary reason for
potential iy disastrous consequences.
including
this
screen was to al)ow sett inµ Common Memorv- base locat ions and to dicnate' the
size of the Resident User Space.
Other than specifying the Common User Space
size (the starting location defaults to the address in Z3BASE.LIEii,
the reniaining values were included primarily for the few specialized
users who
require custom system locations.
6.1.2.3
Screen
3
Environment Configuration.
Since
the Environment Descriptor is an inteµ,íal
due to the specificat
ion of low-level parameters

-

oí'

part

the Operating

Systcm

as memory allocat ions.
is
provided
configure
in
fashion for
memory
map
the
a suita5le
to
screen
For exaníple.
in a FlÜ ly Banked system with ZSIX)S2.
the system being
there is norma) ly no need for ¿i Resident Command Processor.
Using this screen
then. selection T) rnay 1.)g' uxeci to indicate that no spac't' is used for the R' T' by
wi tn thiu space
Í"reeá.
anti size to zero.
setting it.s ]Üc?iLion
the 1() Packa;u-'
12
)
Since
keeping i is size at
record: ':.
(Select ion ( may be raised to F400ii.
these art' the two lowe: -:l seguic'nts
in the memory map. bpbuilf) \l\jj} un: tííiÁ ¿G-j
tho' lcm'ust
\"íítíje useci in thc Enrironruent , and ñio\_c the Operat iñfz Systcñí seg,Ü.>él' Spacel
Hicñt s i inciudinµ
up in metriory for an increas': e of 2k
the Rcuicknc
bvte".
in Ti'aru lent Proµrani Area.

this

such

built.

Descriptor defined in this screen
ix irlip(jrt: \nt to note íh:tt rhc Fri\"iTonmen[
and placed in merríory
utou: ci in a 3r±ciu! ¿,1"cuá within the .TMG file produced
by j.r'.¶\"g) \\'tíc'ñ act i\"a[eLi.
Áñ\" aíterat ion afier ioadin;z. t"oj" exanij'k' ]()a[|iTíL'
another E\"\' i"i Ie' ¿"¡y, part Cjt' the SIARJ17' script may cause the sy'núm to operar"
inc'c)rrec[!y.

Iiis

"

Envi ronment (3. I)
A

B

C

D

-

E

- Envi ronment
Size (# recs)Pkg
- Flow Ctrl
Size (# recs)Package
- I/O
Size (# recs)cmd Proc
Res
Size (# recs)Command
Li ne
Size (bytes) -

FEOOH

F

-

2
FAOQH

G

-

H

-

12
F20OH
16
FFOOH

Selection

I

j

K

208

Di
rs
of Entries
External path
# of Entries
She) 1 Stack
# of Entries
Entry Si ze
Msg
Buffer
Ext. FCB
Ext. Stack
#

4
ECOOH

Named

-

-

FCOOH
14
FDF4H
5
FDOOH
4
32
FD8OK
FDDOH
FFDOH

:

or inspection activitv is complete at any menu. enterm
selection
u'ith
no
ing a return
viill return to the previous menu screen (Main
'\É'i
and
tower
the build á,cti\'it\" if' a sinµle retcrr
screens).
rrieriu froni
start
jj
!
Al
!i"oni
specified
menu.
files are first read to dctetüiú min
iü entered
You
iúine thüi r s:Í7.t.t:',. and internal
n}eníc)r\" address cajculat ioñsí are perforníed.

When

6€

all confimration

B/P

BIOS

BPE3U!LD

UTIL1T!ES

asked
to use optimal addresses for the maxiniutri
if you desire FJPBUILI)
Area
of Transient Program
(AutoSize) . or use the' values which we:re
"
you enter N at this point,
specified in menu 2. j.
the build v\"iij prog1"e: s.5
i:
A second
under the assumption that you want to use the values from Menu 2.J.
wi II ask you
prompt
system
se?lnent
want
"standard"
build
of
siz"tij.
you
a
to
if
This refers to the CP/M 2.2 standard sizes of 16 records (2k) for the Command
(BDOS).
Processor and 29 recoMs (3.5k) for the Basic Disk Operating Systeni
AND
thc:
Yes,
segments
you
sizes,
answer
the
equal
less
these
than
to
are
or
If
be
segment
system
system
sizes.
Since
many
these
to
will
built
reflect
behaved.
sizes, this
but very popular. programs
assume
the old CP/M segment
be'
used.
BPBUIID
ion
should
g.enerally
the
autosize
is
selected,
opt
query
If
autoriíat ica! ly executes to compjet ion and
Command
the
Processor
returns to

v\'ii l be
amount

ill-

promjgt

.

Area
ohtain the masimuríi Transient Program
with "standard" seprrc'nt
si 7t::·,,
the easiest tuethod
is to execute FIPBUILD exiting with the Aütosizt: query
answered
iii the aff irmat ive (Yes } , then execute Hpr4L: [L.D again on tM !)ro[iuc(-': :
image: an>níerin>'
the first query with N for No Autosizing. and the second qut':'y
v,'i
Y
[c) aci,ju: '.t tht-' Iq',4'c'!"
sepnwrít
ti: a
si zes for "standard" segnieríí
locat ioñÁ.
Whi le t hi s i "; a s:onieví'hat
curiíbersotne
procedure. it results in a ruuch smaller
arid faster
runnin;z utility than otherwise possible, and was a desiµn tradeot"f'
in Uk' dcu"e |Qpn}¿: n[. proce."n-:
To

.

67

!3PCNFG

6.2

B/P

- Configuration

BPCNFG

lity of
desired

flexibi

BIOS

UT!! !1"IES

Utility

the Fí/P
methods

Bios architecture pernjt.s custoniizin;
to ycui"
of operar ion.
This uti ] ity consúñ ¡daí-e3 SCjRíe.' of
the more common and important tailoring features in a single uíi!ity. BF'CKFG .
the B/P Bios Configuration
Uti/i ty, provides an easy, menu-driven means of"
tailoring Hard and Floppy Drií"e Boot Sector images. Relocatable Image (IMG)
Using BPCNFG reduces the
files. and certain element> in an executing system.
need to assemble
and increases the speed
a new Bios iníage for simple changes.
with which changes can be made.
The
system

and

Using

6.2.1

BPCNFG.

follows the standard conventions summarized
in Section ] .2.
responds
of two sIa,sh characterí'.
to the standard heW option sequence
syntax under which BPCNFG is invoked is dictated by the typo of" .syutent
The FSi'CKFG
Syntax
is:
wish to conf'igurc.
FIPCNFG

and
The

syntax"

BPCNFG

BPCNFG

//

BPCNFG

*

BPCNFG

d[:
[du:

j ]f

BPCNFG

1"(-)ü

<-- Print Built-in Help Sumiaiu"
<-- Run interactive,
screen mode
Svsteni
configure
Lxecucinµ
<-"cl"
(onf"i?ure
Ívi\"é
<-Image Í"iic<-- Corít"ipure

i lenamd .typ]

and simj"'1y
jj'Ar: '· ("i Ájc: ':"".
f-exp ianatarj
i
of
help fi itj
tht' ut j ity urxi tnc' "¢y!}[¿í"'L:
üjf' rl"L)? r: u"
st inz
i
C'!'
T'"PC: \TLj
The
icm.
\i'i
río arp,u'-"
of
th
(")r'-'!"a'.
on
usc .
cxccut
interait
l"-' t
\', ish
Fíte|Itor\".
ccmtigurt
ü
menr ": . \\' i } : f ! j">.t
\(. u '].i"j;-'[|]'.'.1"
a
to
sl c' r
y:
">}"ÁtCÚÍ,.
s
Mc)-.
ñio\íÉ'.
of'
Q:a
a
"anic'teu
Ac't
irnerrial
thai
anj
\"L·l"y;:
tmµt'
to
p":
i
¡(")[ít'li7},L'
Ci,'Áté¿
íÉ/'cÍ I
/e
r)'£Ü(jL'{jl.
Tí'
i:
as,
¿jq
[.\";:
if'
no
Mp'-'
is
flit-'
rcíju tit':
iht
i
t
oí"
ar: }u: ¿Á,L'i j it.. ¿a ty;'ú of . IV/ i', assumc'ci.
The

First

Í"ürni
j _1

c'!'

the'
th·-:
í\"ü
¿'i:-)
P.,/7

g\"ñzáí
purpom'
ñioíi-'

i6
ot'

st:

i

iiit

rír

ñ17i\"
'";j"g
}¡rrjíi_atl(_jr]q.

mar

not

hc·

171
cc'rtí' j L't'1 '.-' opt Ion'ihí' curreni.ly
! ín,i
The lÍiÚRi sig{"jji"}cc¿!li
tat ion is
tht"
s incc'
a j tí'red
required
ftij
xµzct'
i oad
( tj:
'>y>tt'ñ,
at
jot ) t iwiie anci cannoí

operar jjjg
that Hard

bit

be

but tét"s\

with
part

s\".gLen!

Drive
(Ai
"ñ'hen

\'"

anti

y;()r|l'-

it icrí:

CS\"j

.

! :i p;

aRocatc'íi
reset
syst
ñ'il.h thi> excepi ion. al ] other paraníeters mav be \'¿zri;'f: "i
already ]n"'[?.¡!t"/j.
and v,'i l i be in eífect.
unti i another system is loaded by Cold Bootir!? the'
computer. or ]c)aciin2 an hiage t'i le with LDSYS.
a

en:

\\"i
thout changing current parameters. press either ESCfape
abort the FÍPC1"FG
Option settiñfz will occur if a
or Control-C frorií rhc main níenu ciisplay.
Main
frorri
Menu Screen.
the
is
entered
Carriaµe Return only

To

Details.
Men u Screen
6.2.2
BPCXFC is a Screen-oriented

atTrir)ULe":
the terminal
support routine usiñ/z
1\"
rnain
Termcap.
Five
led
defined in the currentiy-insta)
screens are current
select ions resu it iñ? i rí suh-m'nt.
definc'd at the main menu. with sereriíl
from
thc'
niai:
The
which the" general cate2c.I1"\" is'. st: -·
í níenu
first is
sü'reerm
! irte
Jected
ref Íéc1A the Kvel and niocA' ¿j" :
for alzc'rá: io: ,. TM lc)r) screen
6E

B/P

BIOS

- Main

-

_

BPCNFG

UTI!-!TIES.

Image

- Configuring
Bios Version 2.0

Menu

File

1

System Opti ons

2

Character

3

Floppy Subsystem Options

4

Hard Disk Subsystem Options

5

Logical

IO

[A1O:

T1.IMG

]

Options

Drive

Layouts

Enter Selection

:

of the fire .selections results
in a sub-menu
screen which depicts
be
changed
and the current
vaiues/sett ings.
specific elements which may
of tht' selccrion 'j: rec'ns is derailed below.

Each

1
6.2.2.1
Screen
System
Option
The
Sy"nerü Opt ions rtíaj' be set

Parameters.
fi"ol1i Mc'nu Screen

-

Menu

1

-

System

l which

rrtay appear

tht-·
Each

a: ". :

Options

Drive

1

System

2

Startup

3

Reload Constant

4

Processor

5

Memory

Command

Speed

waits

·

Enter Selection

·

a:

=

"STARTO1

=

23040

=

9

O,

"

(5AOOH)

MHZ

IQ

Waits

=

O

:

The Logical
System
drive selected by the first entry is used by the Bios Want
The
boot to load the operating systeni on a Cold boot. and on Error Exits.
Startup command is noimally the name of a COM file which performs additional
Such a
system
initialization when first started.
file is normally created by
enterimz a sequence
of instruct ions (fi le names and arguments) into a script
using ALIAS. SALIAS. \"AÍ.IAS or othcr similar ZCPR3 tool.

69

B/P

BPCNFG

BIOS

UTIL1TIES

within the co}|]f)ute['
remainder of the entries concern the Physical hardware
generally do not need to be changed
for other than initial
installation.
Reload
Constant at Selection 3 ruay be "fine tuned" by slightly varying the
The norma!
effect of' this is to adjusn the speed of the Rea! Tinte
value .
The Processor
clock within the computer
to allo'A it to keep proper time.
Speed
4) should be the CPU Clock speed
(Selection
rounded to the nearest
example.
MegaHert z .
For
the rate shown in the sample screen is, in fact ,
9.216 MHZ. When the Clock Speed is changed,
an option is offered
to automatiReload
3)
by
a
scale
(Selection
scale
the
Constant
to
proper factor
cally
it
based
changed.
This
is not always
the
Clock
on the amount
was
that
Frequency
needed.
HD64ISO/Z-I80
systems
desirable
using
an interrupt
is
in
but
generally
clock tinier.
The
and
The

of Memory and TO Waits at Selection 5 are in addition to any Wait
example.
For
the Zilog ZlSO
in the hardware.
states inserted automatically
Since BPCXFG is a µt'ríeral
inserts one vmit state into all JO Port addresses.
The number
is
purpose
set with this selection
ut i } ity. i t cannot F:n(j\A' thi g;.
adci'it
harcht"are
wait
in.jected
therefore in
ion to anu
states.
number

The

also exists, but since inaCh"ertent alteration of its \"ííiúéÑ
I
resul
its existence
in bi: 'arre aníi potent la ly dc'struct ive consequences,
if"
The interaction
pronipted
and
selected.
hidden
to select option C) is:

a

si>:

th

wenu

t

Enter Selection : 6
DANGERCUS. ..Proceed? (Y/[N])
-- This is
I!"

an

for
range'

a

the hid: len
addressin"

tu"p1
Y is entereÁ.
}"AsríE(' with the' 3'fF!d'l
to bc u:-:ea:

icit

Menu

-

1. 1

-

Bank

System

1

TPA

Bank

2

System

3

User

4

RAM

5

Maximum

Bank

#

#

Drive

Bank

Bank

#

#

Enter Selection

i>>

ix

:

displayed
which alloms

appLarjn? ¿¡µ. lc)]!c)',',: j
the Íull l Mt','abyít'

Numbers

#

Bank

menu
l"Al.

can

·

1

·

3

=

4

=

5

·

31

i

:

in thc sysnem
should reflect the Physical 32k bank numbers
The Bank
the
highest.
to
the lowest. or first available.
O
Bar: F: and
The
(OFFH)
255
User
anti
nuirbers
from
to
mar range
.
are Zero-based.
RAM
Oi"i\"c
RAN
respecDrive Banl: x m: íy I)ej set to Zero if !Co Banked User area or
numbers
prog1"cssin? from

The

70

bank

B/P

BIOS

BPCNFG

UTILITlES

tive!y is desired.

It should be noted that the actual control
features is in otber screens. and setting the Bank. Numbers to
consequences.
opt ions are act ive can hare adverse
2
- Character lO Parameters.
allows configuration
of the Character
assignníent of logical derices to physical devices.
YASBEC might appear
as:
6.2.2.2
Xcreeri

Screen
Menu 2

Menu
_

-

1

2

IO

- Character

IOBYTE

these tv\o
while the

IQ subsystem,
to
A sample
screen

inc!ucit·
for the

Options

Assi gnment:
Conso)

-

for
Zero

e

=

COM2

Auxiliary
Pri nter

=

CQN1

=

PIÓ

2

COM1

-

3

COM2

- 19.2 kbps,

4

PIO1

- [Out(7)]

5

NULL

- [In(8)/Out(8)]

6

COM3

7

Swap

- 38.4 kbps,
Devi ces

9600

bps,

Enter Selection

8

Data,

1

Stop,

No

Parity,

[In(8)/Out(8)]

8

Data,

1

Stop,

No

Parity,

[In(7)/Out(8)]

8

Data,

1

Stop,

No

Parity,

[Iri(8)/Out(8)]

:

Selection l deterniines v: hicl": of' the actú"e derices is assi°nccl
j¿j thc aü]¿!2"¿'s:
.-.
able functions dictated by the T{jB\"Tr-.
This lcícatian in meniüry ix use'j by íhc
tO nc'rmj Iy consist
operat ing' systeni for t"'n,'u"ccter
in" of tíít Con"mk-. Printer
(LiSt btu"ice Jr Ci"',"C tL'1"¡ii}: }L): ogy ) and an Att'i i i iary IO (l'eader an'í Punch in
CP/jí) .
Tht' v".: c.c t [K'\_j¿'es
as)Rjg!?c'd
funct ions depcrid". orj tí"í'j
Iq thesü Lcy;ica1
t.)it-nía])ped
oF the IOBYTE.
and positioning
char¿ícte]"ibtic>
within the teíhlc'
portrayed irí this Ñent: ,
Early versions of B/P Ejio,s (Versions 1.0 and earlier) distributed
as "Starter
System" and test version.> used a fixed number of devices and a different data
structure for derice access. B/P Bios Production systems with Version numbers
of 1.! through ¡.9 ií'iA contain only four device drivers,
but use the nev,c'r
Beginninsz
data structures.
with Version :'.O, however,
many Charac'ter Devices
—
may be acco!nn!Qdat€'cí.
with the first four being directly accessible by the
and the
JOBYTE.
ability to exchange devices to place any four in the' first
posi t ions for acct-sí by appl icat ions programs.
The above
screen depicts [i
typical cíispk"iy undt-'r a \"ersion ?.0 Bicis.
as:
such
jAacec!
Smaller systems
orí
íij€' Fk'l)', Tracks\ii l ] Lise cm!y four fixed cié\"icé.s with a typical \"ersion µ: uRíi)cl"
of ! .l and \\'i l l no: inc!uch-' se'!t'ct ions 6 or ".
71

B/P

EIPCNFG

BIOS

UTILtTIES

Selection ] offers the opportunity to select which of' the first four physical
A seconddevices is assigned to the three loµical IOBYTE defined functions.
}
wi
l
the'
and
of'
exampic
proinpt
An
for
menu
you
funct
devices.
ions
exact
ary
with selection l is:
the interaction
[C]onso1e, [A]uxi1iary,
or [P]rinter
Com[2], [P]io, or [N]u11 ?
Set Com{1],

Set

:

C

of the serial
Selections 2. 3 and 6 in this sample screen allow configuration
making
hardware
changes
in the
you
ports included in this B/P Bios.
are
If in the
soUTCé code to insurc that this
Bios, please follow" the specifications
will function as described. For most system installations corered to
utility
date, one or more of these options will have no effect, but the capabi lity
still exists to confipurc the optiori. This selection results in a .series of
options being presented for verification or alteration. Current St·l tings arc'
rnacie
before
listed as default values which will remain selected if no entry is YASBE'.
isj :
the' ertding
on a
Carriage' Return (Enter kc'y). A Sample interaction
Configuring
Baud

[In(8)/Out(8)]:

CCM1

(Max=38.4
1-134.5 bps
bps
5-300
bps
9-4800
Rate

L1OJ

Select

kbps) =
2-50 bps
6-600 bps
10-9600

Selections
3-75

are:

4-150 bps
8-2400 bps
12-38.4 kbps

bps
bps
7-1200
11-19.2 kbps

bps

:

= B-bits.
Stop Bits = l-bits.
Parity = None
Data

XON/X3FF
Flow = No
RTS/CTS Flow = No

Input is B-bits.
Output is B-bits.

(Y/ÍNJ)
(Y/[N])
(Y/[N])
(Y/[N])
(Y/[N])
(Y/[N])
(Y/[N])

Change?
Change?
Change?
Change?
Change?
Change?
Change?

:
:
:
:

· Defaults

se1eeted

:
:
:

a Centror.ics prit,í-]
a!
ions
muy be aín j"\"t: . Ln.!1
'niü: previous select ions. not
opt
of' PI'("1"i(.j.
\\'i
to retain the generality
II appear 1!) the't configurat 'ñ'iiím sequence
Carria¿ze
be
bi"aces)
is
entercci.
retained
Return
in
Current settings
if a
li

Selection f'üur
ci" interface.

tailors the deíault parallel port. noníially

A.y

[out(7)]:

Configuring

PIO1
XON/XOFF Flow = No
RTS/CTS Flow = No

Output is

7-bits.

(Y/[N])
(Y/[N])
(Y/[N])

Change?
Change?
Change?

:
:
:

(only appearing in Bios Versions 2.0 and later) allcnís the
of devices.
In the sample Menu 2. Selections 2-S are active dericem
Using the la: sc
6
in the Bios, but not accessible.
existing
with Selection
COM-i
could be exchangA with one of the first four waking it an
se iect ion.
funcactive device upon exiting- ESPCNFG which calls the Device Configuration
The
as:
mav appear
interaction
t ion.

final selection

The
exchange

Exchange
.'\ftc'l"

72

Device

thi~ c)mict'.

3

:

actiu:

'

With Device
á€\"icé:

i

\tiií

be'

:

6

com.

CO)!3.

PIOl

and

t:

ru-.

B/P

BIOS

BPCNFG

UTlLITIES

Disk Parameters.
6.2.2.3
Screen
3
- Floppy
is possible at this Screen.
Extensive tailoring of the Floppy Disk subsystem
whi le many popular systems do not support all options {níainiy due to the
Control fer ioµic) , ali options and respective sett ims will appear
to be set
Also, while such items as the Step rate will accept increments
at this point.
of a set size (l mS for Step Rate). many systems have discrete increments that
do not match
allowable values.
the SMS 9266 used in MicroMint's
For example,
2
5
rnS
SB-180
1/4" Floppy Drives. the WO 1770
increments with
will only accept
used
in the Ampro Little Board only steps at 6. 12, 20 and 30 ms. while the
1772 used
in the YASBF.C
permits 2, 3, 5, and 6 mS Steps. The rates set with
I3PCNFG
appropriate rate within the Bio: -i
up to the rnost
are suitably rounded
code' durinp
drive selection
to allow tailoring of drives in a generalized
manner.
Options tailorable for Floppy Disk drives as seen on a YASBEC arc':

Menu

=

1

3

- Floppy Di6k Options

Floppy Drive Characteristics:
DrvO
OS,
80 Trks/Side
= 3.5"
Step Rate = 3 ms, Head
Drv1
OS,
40 Trks/Side
= 5.25"
Step Rate = 4 ms, Head
Drv2 = 5.25" OS, 80 Trks/Side
Step Rate = 3 mS, Head
Drv3 = 5.25" OS, 80 Trks/Side
Step Rate · 6 ms, Head

2

Motor

ON

Time

3

Motor

Spi

nup

4

Times to Try Disk Operations

·

4

Load

=

24

mS,

Unload

=

240

mS

Load

=

24

mS,

Unload

=

240

mS

Load

=

24

ms,

Unload

=

240

ms

:

100

:

5

(Tenths-of-3econds)
(Tenths-of-Seconds)

Enter Selection

:

ms,

Un}oad

240

=

ms

4

:

Selectin? one Qt" the four items on
tion needed.
allowing you to retain
of the additional
prompts
resulting
cp

Load

this

menu will prompt
you for the informaAn exampi e
current settings as a default.
from selection one on the above screen is:

Configure which unit [0..3] : 2
Size 8"(1),
5.25"(2),
3.5"(3)?
Single or Double-Sided Drive ?
Motor On/Of f Control Needed ?
Motor Speed Standard or Hi-Oensi ty
Tracks-per-Side (35,40,80)
Step Rate in Milli-Seconds
Head Load Time in Milli-Seconds
Head Unload
Time in Milli-Seconds

[2]
(S/[D])
([Y]/N)
([S]/H)

:
:
:
:

[BO]

:

[3]
[24]
[240]

:

:

:

73

B/P

BPCNFG

BIOS

UTILITIES

6.2.2.4
Screen
Hard Disk Parameters.
4
The B/P Bios Hard Disk Subsystem
Systéni: ,:
is centered around the Small Computer
)
(SCSI
Backward
Shuszai"t
Interface
standard.
compatibilitv 6 with the
G-_
Associates System Interface (SASI) is also provided to allow older controllers
Durinz~- the course of B/P Bios development
several control ler
to be used.
,
wi th unique features
accommodated
in a transparent
types were incorporated,
between
and program
As a compromise
war within
the

-

earlier

size.
This

utilities.

limit of three physical hard drive units
limit does not impact the 16 possible logical
Menu for a single Conner
A sample
handle.
a

may
Megabytes

"

was

flexibility
placed on

drives
CP-3100

the system
which the computer
SCSI
Drive of 100

is:

Menu

4

Hard

-

1

Hard

2

Fi

rst
No.

3

Second

4

Third

Disk Options

Drive Controller

=

Seagate

:
Physical Unit
Drive
= 776,
of Cylinders

Orí ve
Drive

:

-

inactive

-

:

- inactive

-

Enter Selection

SCSI

O,

Logica7 Unit
of Heads

No.

O
=

8

:

arailable
selection
allows you to select the type of" control !ci'
used
The controller definition applies acros.: - ali
in the system
installed
or
three physicz! dñrt'-m so soijie care must be applied in lÍlixirl? different conFor example.
a Shugart 1610-3
control!crSAS.iis
troller types on the same system.
SCSI-2
o?"
Seagate
SCSI
drive
incompatible with a
attachecí clirectly to the
bus since initiali7¿"{ticgn
jnfc)]"li]atior] is required of drir"es Qñ the 1610-3 which
commands.
The control ier
must
not IjÉ sent to Uk-' SÁtSi ciut' to the diff'erin¥
B/P
of'
[ as:
Selection
in
Bias appear
types defi.ned in iñe initial releasc

'The

first

Select Controller

(I)

(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)

Type as:
(j/Yj
ACB-40OOa
Adaptec
Xebec 141Oa/Shugart
SCSI
Seagate
Shugart 1610-4/Minima1

1610-3
SCSI

SCSI-2

Enter Selection

:

Selections two. three and four from Menu 4 allow you to specify the physical
As with other options.
some
parameters of one Qí' the three possible drives.
Reduced
and
Precornpensat
such
do
\x'itii
ion
Write
as
of the paratneter: i
not apply,
SCSI drives,
currerit
but appear here to aiio\\ a peneral configurat ion tool .
settinszs:
in ": quiíre braces arid are selected if only a (:a1"i"ia&"t' Return is
appear
74

B/P

entered.

BPCNFG

(JTÍLITÍES

BIOS

entry configuring

sanípie

A

the

Conner

Activate Drive ([Y]/N) ?
Physical Unit (0..7)
Logical Unit Number (0..7)
Number of Physical Cylinders
Number of Heads
Reduced
Write Starting Cylinder
Wri te Precomp.
Start Cy1 inder

CP-3l00 is:
[O]
[O]

:

[776]
[8]

:

[O]
[O]

:

:

:

Screen
5
6.2.2.5
Partition Parameters.
Menu 5 permits arranping
the physical drive complement
and dividing
physical units into multiple logical

-

into

Logical

Partitions.

5

Menu

-

A:

=

B:

=

C:

=

D:

=

E:

=

F:

=

G:

=

H:

=

I:

=

j

=

:

K:

=

L:

=

M:

=

N:

=

O:

=

p :

=

- Logical

Unit O,
Unit O,
Unit O,
Unit O,
Floppy
Floppy
Floppy

64
64
64
64

Drive

4k/81k,
4k/81k,
4k/81k,
4k/81k,

7984k
200OOk
200OOk
54432k

(998 Trks),
(2500 Trks),
(2500 Trks),
(6804 Trks),

Dirs
Dirs
1024
Dirs
2048
Dirs

1024

1024

O
1
2

No

Drive

No

Orí

No

Drive

No

Orí

No

Drive

----

No

Orí ve
Drive
Drive

Swap

.

Layout

Sctrs/Trk,
Sctrs/Trk,
Sctrs/Trk,
Sctrs/Trk,

-----RAM

1

íwi\ét

No
Ho

ve

ve

---------

Drives,

Enter Selection

2

Configure

Partition

3

Show

Drive

A71ocations

:

example.
For
two specified
logical drives.
Select ion l allows for swapping
the above screen shows a system which will boot from a hard drive.
If tht'
system
for a Floppy-based system you might swap drive A
were being configured
with drive E with Selection 1 as:
Enter Selection : 1
Swap drive
[A..P] : A with drive La..p] : E

Selection ? perníits defininsz— logical partitions on a Hard drive. and of thc
if" active.
RA\! drive.
which to
It queries you for the needed information fromSHOV\HL)
from
(Sec
set
com"erting
interna! Bius values.
existing
an
system,
If
An examí: ñc
6.19) \\iii display the values to enter for a specified Partition.
75

BPCNFG

B/P

of the interaction

BIOS

UTILITIES

is:

Configure which Drive [A..P] : D
Allocation
Size (I, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32k)
Number of Dir Entries
[2048]
[6000]
Starting Track Number
# Tracks in Partition
[6804]
[O]
Physical Unit Number

[4]

:

:
:
:

-

:

Selection 3 from Menu S may be used in conjunction with the allocation
to view
the existin,sz allocations
for a given Hard Drive Unit.
Selecting 3 prorüpís
you
for the besired Hard drive as:
Display Allocations

for which

Hard

Drive

[0..2]

:

thc four
As an exatnple,
will show the current Partitions and allocationm
P-31OÜ
Conner
Menu
depicted in the
partitions on the
screen are repormÁ
and

C:

hc'rt:

on

a

separate screen a":

Partition

Data

Orv

Hard

Start

Drive

Unit

Trk

:

O

End

A

2

999

B

1000

3499

C

3500

5999

D

6000

12803

[any

76

S

key

to continue}

Trk

B/P

6.3

BPDBUG

UTILITIES

BIOS

BPDBUG

-

B/P

Bios

Debug

Utility

This utility provides a low-level tool patterned after Digital Research's DDT,
the ability to handle
but extended to provide a more useful user interface.
and
Z80 and ZIBO mnemonics
banking using B/F' Bios
memory
in disassembly,
oriented to screen output. the
While the description
is primarily
interfaces.
system
permits also sending output to the defined Printer by to,szOperating
gling Control-P which may be enabled and disabled within BPDBUG.
Using

6.3.1
The

BPDBUG.

for

syntax

is simrñe with only three variants

BPDBUG

//
[fn[.ft]]

BPDBUG
BPDBUG
BPDBUG

<-- Print
<-- Execute

"--

Execute

a

as:

short help
BPDBUG
BPDBUG,

message

Loading

named

f i le

relocates the majority of the code to high memory imme-:
overwriting
a file load i:
the
the Command Processor.
diately
If
showrí
above,
and
method
of invocation
the file type
specified ax in the third
is .HEX. then a file in Intel HEX format is assumed and it is com"erted to
binary forní at the specified address.

When

executed.

BPDI3UG

below

BDOS,

In addition to the short help message available with the double-slash option.
front
i.s aval table at a .l l t imes
comníand
summary
the main BPDBUG
It-by inentering
Mark.
The
a Quextion
summary appears
as:

a bui
prcmpt

B/P

Bios

D8ug

V

O .3

-?
-

Available
B{ank}
D{ump}

commands:
Bank#
[From

[To]]

E{nter}

Addr
F{i1l} Start
G{o} Addr
H{ex sum/diff}
I{nput}
Port#

L{ist}

End

Word1

Byte
Word2

[From

[Thru]]
End
Start
Dest
N{ame}
FN[ .FT]
{for Read/Wri te}
O{utput}
Port#
Byte
R{ead
file} [Offset]
T{race}
{Trace mode On}
U{ntrace}
{Trace mode Off}
Number_
W{rite file}
of _ 256-byte _ blocks
X {set
breakpoint}
Addr
Z{ero breakpoints}
M{ove}

"

-

-

?

{Show

this

msg}

77

B/P

BPDBUG

Square
braces in the sumníarv
and abbreviated names indicate
BPDBUG
CQKnmands.
6.3.2

BIOS

indicate optÍonal parameters.
parameters and types.

UT)LITIES

while

text

6.3.2.1

Select

select
followed

in the range of 0..255, simply enter the Command "B"
a memory bank
by the bank
number
Opt ional
in Hexadecimal.
spaces
may be placed
command
Bank
command
and
number.
The
the
the
syntax for

To

Memory

L

letter

between

is

Ban k.

strings

B

]

this

:

B[

Inn

selected by this command will be made the current bank for
Display (D). Enter (E) and List (L) commands.
the specified bank number
If
exceeds
the bank
existing
in the system.
the largest bank number physically
B/P
Header.
number
Bios
will be set to the last bank defined in the
The

Bank

6.3.2.2

number

(Display)

Dump

in

Memory

Hex

and

[

Ascii.

di splays memory contents in both hexadecimal
\-\here
the current byte in the display is a control character
is printed in the ascii column.
a period character
Thi s

and

command

(less

D

asci i form.
than 20!i).

starting

for this command arc IOOH and the TPA bank as the
and 256 as the nuriber
is
of bytes to display
no End Address
of' thc Dump conmand.
subsequent
the Starting address
uses
y\
The Bank: Number
of" the last Dump.
than thc eT}ciiríg- address
TF'A
i!" rierer chanzet"i
irí a session.
bank
the'
last spec'ifiwi.
or

Defaults

if

]

addres:

specified.

'ni!i
i

]

be one'
i remaití
The s\"nt¿-¿µ:

A

sample

of

the

-d1OO 1Zf
01: 01c;'j
Ü1: O11G
01: 0120

This

comníand

output
E073
EIE11
CDAC

Values

Enter

6.3.2.3

.
* e

78

appearinÉj!

44

on

FEQ3 31FE 0321
ADDI 2á2ñ 2AO1
0121 FAFF 197E

in

íha{
is:

[End_Addr]

the screen is:
51)00 7E23 FE2F 2006
Q02E 5A7E FEC3 2018
FE42 20OC 237E FE2F

values into

][Start_Addr]

."#./
..
.(%*. . .Z" . .
!
.".El .#"
..

.S. .1

..
..

.
.

!

]

[

Memory.

permits entering
E[

-e1OO
:41
43

][Start _Addr]

c)i"

Lño!c

-.

D[

'..

i

memory.

A

E

period terminates

.
.

./

]

entrr.

B/P

BIOS

Fill

6.3.2.4

BPDBUG

UTlLITÍES

with Constant

Memory

[

Value.

F

]

Entire: memory areas niay be set to a sinple constant value. with this command.
and the command
Al l thret-' ar;zuments
(Start. End and Value) must be specified,
The
vvii! not bc' executed if fe\\'er arguments
given.
syntax is:
are
F[ ]Start
As an
IOFH

Value

End

example,
the following command sets the sixteen
in the currently selected bank to binary Zero;

lOf

-f1OO

6.3.2.5

1OOE

through

O

(Execute)

Go

bytes from

Program

in

[

Memory.

Execution may be started at any arbi trary address
with the "Go"
assumed
no targ-'t
address is specified.
loor: is
since it is the
ing addrús±, Qt l)rc)?raIÍl>; loaded intc" the Trant: ient Prog.raiñ Arca.
the cornníanci i s :

g

]

conmand.
! f"
nccinál
s"Lm"tThe syntax cC

g[ ][Address]
6.3.2.6

Hex

Sñiti'ie
núinC .
655 it"

Sum

and

íml

j!

ii" an
posit i\"c'

cx¿tlll;)jc-.

suit iiíf'

g

]Va1ue1

oí"!'s,c t of 4SH frorá
and ne?ati\"e address

43
ECFA

Display

a

base

could

of
be

<-- Entered
<-- . .returned
Value

from

that

Input

OED3FH was

determined

:"

COll,-

':l|í[jC}Ü!C)

oi-ckr.

Tht'

Sum

and

dcsireci.

thc re-

as:

Difference

Port.

This coníinand will read the desired Input Port in the range of
Since
display the resulting
byte.
16-bit address calculations
command \l\'j}} properly
read
the built-in ports of the HD64180
syntax of the Input comníand is:
1[ ]port

'ium

]

Va1ue2

-ñed3f
EDá4

H

"Fk:

Uth che
their

ith

H[

6.3.2.7

[

Hcf: ¿:(l¿'c
adüii (icm
and subíracticn
is perforníc: d
'y'jÁ-.. tiíc cL)rlíll¡a.!í(i
c":c'c'uíed
\'\
t\\'o
addresses. both
is
anti d i!'fLrenc"e lalso níodu to 6S53íd
are
di splayed in
Of tl',i> cc)rr¡lÍlan: :1>;

synta'·

¡"q!"

Difference.

[
(J

to
are

and

I ]
CFFFFH
used.
ZlSC).

and

this

_num

79

The

B/P

BPDBUG

(Disassemble)

List

6.3.2.8

Memory

BIOS

UT1L!TIES

[

Contents.

]

L

Disassembly of executable instruct ions in memory is accomplished \',iüj thb,
command.
command.
As with the "Dump"
the starting address defaults to 1OOH
when first
and
be
assumed
loaded,
is
the instruction
following thc last one
to
disasseniblecl for subsequent
of this command if no address is explicitly
uses
23-26
is specified,
entered.
no Ending address
bytes will be contained in
If
The syntax is:
the listing depending on the length of the last instruction.
L[
A sample

of

entry

an

][Start] [End]
and

the resulting

-1120

127

0120
0123
0126
0127

CDACO1

CALL

21FAFF
19
7E

LO

A3D
LO

output with

an

arbitrary

is:

program

<-- Fmered
<-- ..displayed

O1AC
HL, FFFA
HL,DE
A, (HL)

that the actual bytes included in the disassembled instructions
arc also
information
additional
situi
provide
progranis
in
other
lar
to
contrast
to
listed
Additionally.
is displayed after a! ! unconáian e-Ura blank line
for you.
as an al)']Qlutc'
tional jumps and return.x to sc-rre as a visual representation
Tht-"
Zi
Iosz
ZiSO
coc'ex,
mneinonic>,
chanze
standard
íjcm.
control
in
are
--

Xote

Move

6.3.2.9

[

Contents.

Memory

perniitc blocks oí data to be moued within
checkinµ is performed to insure that overlapping
correct iy sq that rüinc'r sFíi ft s iÍí blocks of data may
conil1ianü!
1a :
svntar for thi s

Thü

command

bounds

M[

6.3.2.10

This
write
The

Set

File

Name

Send
command
a

Value
forms

specified

[

for Read/Write.
and

optional

until

type
changed
or

prior to
BPDBUG

N

]

a rc'aci

or
is exited.

]Fi1eName[.Fi )eTyp]
to Output

Port.

of
the complement
addressed
'Lo
the
byte
0[ ]Port

BO

Memory aCidres'.s
meníory.
addresm.s
are |?-1nci]c'.!
Tiíc'
be accomplistcíj.

Destination

is teed to set thc fije name
The nanie remains active
operation.
syntax is:

6.3.2.11

sends

End

command

N[

Thi s

IStart

]

M

_num

Value

[

O

the Input command covered above
The syntax is:
Output port.

]

.

It

é/P BIOS

E?PDBUC

UT!L!T!ES

with ail argunienti-,.
oñi\' the last two l for
prcssion.

As

6.3.2.12

a File

Read

Thi s command

reads

default address of
of Offset+l0OH.
syntax of the Read

if
a

into

morc
j3yte )

digi ts than tho nurri!)cT" needed
or four (foj" an address) are

[

Memory.

the Í'i Le specif led by
100!1
is
no offset
The Offset
value must
Command is:

{if

the li lc' is loaded, you wi } l be inforníed
default address for the' base cjf current memory
(\"t: j"t i .
the Ia"A Ot)c ]Qad¿'(! by thc E'.eaíi ("I)rr!nianl-i

{t

'3í32n

Activate

]

the Name conunand into memory at the
specified),
or at a starting addrcss
The
be specified
in Hexadecimal.

When

6.3.2.13

R

][Offset]

RÍ

NE:

are spcci f'i ed.
in the ex-

used

of" the current
sctt ing of" U): .
(PC value j and the byte M"tt'i"
The display niiµht appear
¿:
-,:

PC

"1l:)(!

Trace

Mode.

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BPDBUG

De-Activate

6.3.2.14

This

full

Trace

B/P

command turns
speed
with no
Mode.

Write

6.3.2.15

the Trace
trapping.

to

Mode

UTlLITIES

[

Mode.

Trace

File

BIOS

off

Entering

so

that subbequer!t
a single
letter

6.3.2.16

Set

]

execut ion occurs at
deactivates
the

"U"

[

Storage.

above.
This corríníand is the coniplenient
to the Read command couered
1OOH
and writes
the specified
that the data to be written starts at
256-byte blocks to the file last specified with a "Name" coirnar.d.
of this command is:
W[

U

W

]

It

assumes
number
of
The syntax

]#B1ocks

[

Breakpoint.

X

]

v:
uscd
the prograw
to be exec'úIcÑ
tú taµ locations
i
\\'i
l teinporari ly stop esecut inp and either
when executed.
BPhMXí
L-;j
BPDJ3UG
pronji")t
tu thtor pi" int informat ior. for t he Trace output .
1\"9'
Tht' syntax is:
bre¿1kIjQiI]t"
ntay be act
at any point in t ime.

This

conímuná

ithin

is

mm

XI

Clear

6.3.2.17

[

Breakpoints.

Entering
6.3.2.18

Display

cQn!ní¿1:

Entering
c!isípláy

82

te:

1v\()

]Address

clears al ! breM: points sUt \\iti"", the
the single !erte1" "?1" clears all bI"ea;: ;)oir,t>.

Thi.s

uncle'r

retun":

)c!

On-Line

commarxl

]

citet! áÑu\'t'.
[

Help.

a
single Questiorí \kírf: ("""l as a
containinp a sunima: ry of" the conmands

::

Z

?

]

cíisplaí>. the' Buiíci-ln
arailab!e froíii \\'iúúñ I3PbBL'C,.

conunancl

Icíg

B/P

- Floppy

BPFORMAT

6.4

BPFORMAT

UT1LfT!ES

EllOS

Disk

Format

Utility

?eneral-purpose format routine for Floppy Fisk Drives in the
It autoniatically adapts to the specific hardwari: used iri
present a single interface across a wide range of platforms,
in
the abi } ity to format disks in formats not implemented
This capabilitv
allows you to format disks for exchan,sze with
your computcr.
other users in their natire disk format using the same library of alien disk(see 6.8).
formats used bv- the EMULATE proµrant
BPFORMAT is the
B/P Bios system.
to
your computer
and
incorporates

This program is B/F' Bios-specific and will not function
under other Bios
systems, and with
systems. Its operation is the same under banked or unbanked
the rnany types of' physical Disk Controller
integrated circuits available.
In
the ini tial version. the fol lowing Controller
types are supported:
765
1792

6.4.1
6.4.1.1

1692
1793

Using

1770
1?95

1771
2790

1772
8473

1790
9266

1791

BPFORMAT.
Formats.

Built-in

The

simpies:
\'\"á\"
oí forrlÍa[:
diskettes is to use one of" th'-' forniats'
tht-' cur1"enEly-ru!;nin!? B/T' Lsios.
BPFOR)L'\T may bc' invoked by s i níply
the' progríírñ
nar[!c'
()1"
tu' fol 1()\\ int' i l \t"i th a drir"c'
tct" and colon áfj
.

t

in

in2

lt't

inc!uc¡L'¿:
ent c' t" i-nµ
:

BPFCRMAT D:

Optiona)jy.

?Canit':

¿:

cii"i\"c

ass7\)(j!(it¿:

WORK:

i :.z

";jq'f"

Lí

iñ·j;

i c!i!"'g'·¿í('} \" ñiX,\' j'er]¿1cc the' c'irirc !í'ítt'r
i'-lí t!it-' !'¿ill:¿'("l (Éii"L:c'to¡"y. Tl'r e> anipfc.
?()
l't'· ii'¡"i \"(-' C: . i. s'.' r l L) . thc conini: -írui

\i

EJPFCRMAT

\',"QüÉi

!"¿)r;íi¿¡T

an'-j \'.."iií
it"

a

cl

!'jI"n]:

irecíory

it

tlzt

namc-c:

WORK:

(" :
'\'
!l't"iu-'
»ú: í i!]',"c)kcci
in c' iíhc::' of' tht' above mcinner> . N'FORMAI"
l()rrl;I: L:"3 a"caiíab!e for
II
the but
drive frorri those included in
tht-:
(in l ,'
lc [)r'í"j.L.1r) ía: ui opt ioua! !\" 1)PFiZ.LIF!.
see sect ions 4. l and 4. 2) .
tho"tc'
be prc'xenteci.
formats whict"i e-tact ly mtch the drive characteristics
and so
so only SO-track f(jrnl¿"zty, u'i l l be of i'ered for an SO-track drive
For e-\atíl;)}c'.
the offerinµs
for a jO-track 5.25" disk drive may result in:

iii

It-in.

iíst
fi

this

will

Available
A

Select

-

forth.

formats are:
Ampro

format

DSDD

(^C

B

- Ampro
to exit)

SSDD

:

precautions
apainst
inadvertently formatting
diskettes, conf'irmat ion
proriipts are included as the propram progresses. and the opportunity
exists to
the-'
from
eqcape
format p1"oAraní to Command processor.
An example
at
appears
this poirit where a (":o}ítrol-(' aborts the' format operation.

As

83

B/P

BPFORMAT

Library

6.4.1.2

If
in

BIOS

UTIL!T1ES

Formats.

formattiñfz
selections

of a diskette is desired in a format not supported by the builtfeatured in the execuíin2 Bios, the library of formats used by
EMULATE (, see 6.8) may be used.
Reasons
for using the library may range from
need
used
níode
format
the
in a
on another type of computer
to
to a choice made
by
when
unavailable
sizing constraints,
as
for
internally
tailoring a sYstem
Whatever
Boot
the reason, this flexibility is offered as
Track installation.
feature of B/P Filos and is specified by specifying
the L Option
an inherent
when invoking 13PFORMAT
If"
command
specifying
drive
the
line
on
the desired
.
end
exauíple
above.
add
in
either
siinply
(vÁth
as
the option character at the
optional slash) as:
BPFCRMAT D:

for the drive letter as part of the I'rc)graI}i flcm.
to inform BPFORMAT that you are speci t"yin>' the
The invocat ion thereby becomes:
instead of Drive L:

you wish to be
If
the slash becomes

Library

option

prompted
mandatory

.

BPFCRMAT

executed
forrííats which
A

.

/L

Library opíion, you will be presented wi th a me'nu cR"
with the physical
drive as defined in the Lsios
niay 1.)e· used
:íaníµje
display appears
as:

When

header

L

',\'i.tñ

Available

TJltj

formats are:

A

B

E

rx SSDD
- Act
H89/40
IS
I - Osborne IS
H89/40
2D
- MD-3
- XBIOS-3 2D
-

F

M

N

SSDD
ID
ID
2X

Ampro

- H89/40
j - Osborne
H89/40
- PMC-1O1
- XL-M180
Select format ("C to exit)
DSDD

Q

V

G
K
O
S

R

U

C

T2

-

80 SSDD
H89/40
lX
Ampro DSDD
QC-l O DSDD
Sanyo
1000
VT1

D
H

L
P

T

- H-100/4
2
Kaypro
- H-1
- Kaypro 4
- TV 802/803
1Cí

O(J

DSDD

:

format will Sél ail parariletc'rs
and
Enterinµ a Control-C at this point
format operat ion.
Conunand
Processor at this point avoiding any inad\'eT"\wil j return you to the
formatting.
ent disk:

letter: corre>;pon[iirl? to

one of thí'
í\'i th the
proceed

Enterinµ:

s

a

source to the Format librarv is provided in the B/P Bios pa.s'kagc'
distribution pack-as an aid in accepting. forrnats not included in the default
age.
or to experiment with new forniats.

The

Assemblv

Configuration.

6.4.2
T\4"c)

opt

find
neou:

84

lkí)S-[
-,

t for
corÍjioriat)]¿-.

ion",

üutpui-

é.\"i

>:

tc the

cu-"noní
The
('(7r|sL)it·.

TIPFOFNAT 1() operatc
in a rtíeíhoú yí-iú
Quic·t
minimize e: ':tmoption which
Boolean
by
flag consisting of a Byíe
a
set

tal Iqi_ ing

fir: is
It is
':t

a

will

B/P

UTlLITIES

BIOS

BPFORMAT

at an offset of li (OBH) bytes from the beginning of the prograrii. A Zero byte
and
in this location signif les Verbose
operation where all defined prompts
A Non-Zero
is displayed.
value (normally OFFH) indicates
status information
that Console
output should be minimized with only essential output displayed.
option is for selection of the File Name and Type to be used for
The default
the Library of formats used with the L option.
value of this
entry is ALIEN.DAT
(in formatted FCB form) which is also used with the EMULATE
program. This field begins at an offset of 12 (OCH) bytes from the beginning
of the program.

The

second

6.4.3

BPFORMAT

Error

Messages.

be wheel
to FORMAT!!!
As a safety
feature,
Thi s
message
error

Must

diskettes.
thorization.

ERROR

only users with Wheel privileges
ríiay foj"ñkit
ident if les an attempt without the proper au-

B/P

Bios, or Old Version !
In ñ1oxt cases, this error v\'i II be seen if an attempt is riiade to
format a ciisj: uncki" a Bios other than B/P Bios.
of the mandatory data
Ifis some
haí"e bet'ri
made
altered.
structurt'q
an
attempt
to run the reíecís: c'
or
version of t'/P Bios under one of the early test versions of B/P Bios. this'.
níe.ssage
uill also be displayed.
***

!

Not

if

***

ERROR

The

format is not supported by FORMAT!
displayed
a format froní a library O!' form'-u
error will
if
ibie v,ith thc' specified drire. such as if a 5.25" forníat is sclectS:
" cii'i\t-.
!

Thü>

i->

ed

inconipat
foj- an

m'*

ERROR

selected
be

The

detected FDC is not supported by FORMAT!
Rios reported ?! Floppy bisk Control lei' (FDC) that is riot Ít!
of controllers supported by BPFORMAT.
To vi eít the ] ist of cQñ\_iét\'
su})pc)1"í("L].
thü internal Help by using the double-slash opt ion.
!

The

the'

trol

list

]e1">)

***

ERROR

!

Disk is Write Protected!
attempt was made with the Write Protect Tab ON (for 5.25"). OFF
(for S") C)l" iii the Protect position
(3.5") for the specified disk.
the
Set
disk to Read/Write by altering the physical setting and try to forrnat the disk
again.
An

***

ERROR

Disk won't recalibrate
drive heads could not be restored to Track
error is often due to a failure in the drive mechanisni,
but
by deformed
diskettes or loose drive cable.
The

!

O

can

position.
also be

'Thi
caused

Format

!,

Error : xx
error was detected duriníz— the forwat process. The 'Fu: " \í'i t i 1)¿·
the
byte returned by the Bios portion of the forniat routine'. and
set to a "l" value should represent an error code decipherable fi"oHí tlit:
bits
FLK
Data or progranntÁnµ"
sheet.
An
He.xadec'iníaj

85

BPFORMAT

+++

B/P

Can't

fn.ft

BIOS

UTILITiEs

Open :
BPFOR'vÍAT could not open
be in
must either

format library, it
it either via the PUBlic

bit

To access a
the format library fi le.
the default library. or accessible frorií
ZSDOS
path.
or along the

m formats available for this drive!
(
This error will be reported
no forrnats
internal or from a
how
format library, depending on
invoked)
supported
was
on the speciare
it
5.25/3.5"
fied drive.
formats
for
drives and
internal
For example,
all
are
if
8"
drive, then no formats will be availthe target drive is specified as an
BPFORMAT
is invoked using the internal format method of operation.
able if

if

86

B/P

BIOS

BPSWAP

6.5

BPSWAP

UTlLITIES

Logical

-

Disk

Utility

Swap

This utilitv- m \,jv\s vou
the drire letters ciefinirw , two !o£"ic¿i'
to exchange
.
drives or partitions within the system
It performs an-y operat ions necessary
to properly adjust the Operating System to account for drive redefinition, and
relops both drives using Dos Function : to force rebuilding of the Allocation
Bir Map.

r

is a B/P Bios
ir":
mar be operated
an
cQR¡!rlan(!
passed
on the
passed
on the' c'omniand

and vtill not
utility
interact i\"é mode,

BPSWAP

execute under aríy other systení.
it
ful 1\"· "expert" mode with arFuni€'r!t: ·,
line, or a combination where the first drive iettt-'i" lX
linc and the second entered in response' to a query. i f
running in the interactive' níodc', entering
instt-'ac! of a dr \"'_
a Control-C
\l\'j
í and
Comriiand
}]
interrupt
the
Processo: ". FiPS'i'n'S
return to the
letter
prugraí:
undúr
7cjj'k \\'ittj the "GG" coriir!"lanci.
is rU-c: ·:ecíItaÍ.};E

6.5.1
6.5.1.1
To

Using

BPSWAP.

Operation.

Interactive
Í3!U',',

c-\"c'CUtc
7! U

]}}"¿: F!"¿¿:':.

t':

',!"'

'-

"

i

i

:

' Í'F'

:

i

] ? :_·

-

' "" z

l'

¿j y. :

'h¿;;

tht-·

'

'"'"

:"

:í¿2!ilL'

'

.
!giC"
gtx-u . j . /7, . e'·j¡)..j:

'

- .
ñi'njL

.
s;q¡!"'l:

,

'

.
X)'\ ':'k:c

' i-

,.

,m

BPSWAP

TÍ?.-'

:Ji'-

Liil",í;

'.'.i:

-: ;'¿¿;

: 1">

;7"jjj,

:

1;'·: ,

S\"Stúiii
anu!
|rliE'!}:
'jñ'\ jro:
.

t

íi: t Iii,:

cj¡y-

'

First Drive to
\ ',

tlíí
{""ñf

',

i\' ", i A ' " ' l . :z tj! i\"'
sj"'-'\'j lg-: - ,,,., '- ("' :'
"Á—{"
','h)clt ,? ' ' "r : '-

4" - 7"
i I . w
. .

I
! e' :
l(-'
\· : a· \ ,£.
:
ji;.'j'".'.,i>c"
rzú¿m'"ttcl

lc
".·',"

l I)'.'
"
\'· lit" · 'i
r
.
',',"j!-j; ?

"

Second
7'"·'S',':

.",:'

rLÍ'b!)("/:

: "c';"'j'¿tt¿'í!l}

Lt-i" iú
t í(j1í: -. o!

rccí' i\_cí.
tltc Qtíjc': .

Command

f'c: '
ímcl'í

Line

RPKQA!' can accept and
Qr(icí"
to inc !1j('¿' CÍ!Ú\
To invoP.c
the prograní

Á?ttc'rs
!ach (Yj"
c'h¿,!

ín

¿j¿ ¿i;';"-'

t!"it-

'"o '" :"íi'i,

ck
C
!jr{-';:

¿':

splay

:"

.

i ' t":
x"
\ a. j 1 \$
::l"'1 :

Swap

\

ILcí'.

proíii]4

] 't

re"·ü

E~j

§';:

t!7t-:'

)}','.¿': "::·.

:

l

'J'í,uu ! \.i i /é
cha?'a¿[t':

iñ'íAid

.
'.',' i : !

-" ]'
G!"

Fl/P

:

l \j\' L'l"C¿: t"·é
.4! l

\,) :"

"!""'

tl"rouµí:

}"'

Drive to

t'r.t: "i.--.

¿(i

i"'Io|"|j: "L ir: ,;

let

6.5.1.2

}z!"6

uppv

sc!i r"unninz' tht-'

[A..P}

Swap
(

u E'"

:

}

[A..P]

t': t L'7"

i li
I yi-

repeatúA
ch: t

jg;
a

t,'
t, . · i ,

t' t,

l -.-

' '

;" "'('""

t

·J

: {' } -

""z.

I:
,

.Y' : t, : , ,
Sl
:
-. ! L
! ·'
'. I: ..

"l
I"}l, "' t-",t ·,
g , , SU

:

líA point 1r a: i identical ni,'ínnei" tí' thí" í"ii""t
\t'hen
\"¿'.;jj
i raí id lette: ". or the abort charactcr.
iíYzica! drive is reassigned to the physical definí,¿'.

:

-

:

a

Operation.
d:ri',"e
e': chañgeú:

letters passed to it on the CQDírh[: ncí ! inc-' in
in Startup scripts oí" other a! la: -: comíancÉ -..
in thi e manner.
namt' \{'it!l t\i"¿j
dri \"¿'
enter the program
the-'
l"ang{-' cp ",\" through "P" with a delimiter
between
eac'h fiéií: .
cl: " i\"t' !rü ícr>i nic:
b.£liIl¡j'.: Í::
y be fol !ím'ed. by an opt iorüit CCjÉt7ñ.
Áñ..i
¿-. c ím
Cormíia.
A su{íl[ílary
of the' coFl: r!et€' S}'l: t¿íi- i:-:
.
t·¡uí'<.
parse

u

BPSWAP

[:

]

 [:

]
87

B/P

BPSWAP

illustrate.

To

the

foiiowim are valid
BPSWAP
BPSWAP

A:
D,

cornme.nds

E:

execut
<-<--

H

BIOS

UTlLITIES

insz BPSWAP:
m

Exchange
Exchange

E
D

drive with
drive with

A
FI

If

character is detected for either or both of the drive letters
in the Conímand Line mode. operation automatically
reverts to the
Interact ive mode and the respect ire prompt (S) will be giren for val id dz'ive
letter{s). This feature permits a hybrid mode of operation to be specified
wherein thc first CÑi\"é letter is passed on the Command Line, and the second
entered in response
to the second drive prompt.
an invalid
when called

BPSWAP

6.5.2
The

only
rial rout

thi"

cu"j"q3"

ineú,

utility

afít'r
cesú-ÜI

8

g

"nhich
;';¿í
.

Messages.

v:
hich
níessage
\"¿íii(ia'LE'
which

on

Not

+++

Error

othcr

B/P

Z"')iL)se$

Bios

...

pc'int

tÍ2c'

i)1"'-'¿':

eficít

c':

Cií"S\t.

í

may l'c' pi in'.cc!
Ü)c presence

"¿-l!|"f
¿;j

¿i!'.-"

BPS\4A-"'

of a 13,/!'
in tite crroí":

restlts

aborting

by

is in response
to irnc: 'té-'
Any at t enipt
Blot,.
i"ua

+++

i't

:('{::£l:.

.-

ano!

ionu

cont
','.

ill

rc'í ret
Qccu:

"

if

7'1"c). to'. thc'
í!zis error i> dis¡'!cíye'.: .

L'!"ñ:

(.'C)!ll¡"ii¿'l!"i'.!

-

B/P

BIOS

BPSYSGEN

6.6

BPSYSGEN

UTILITlES

-

Utility

Generation

System

is our generic version of the classic SYSGE!\" program used to place ar}
executable systení image onto the boot sectors of a Floppy or Hard Disk.
It
information provided by the Bios in the form of DPB/XDPB data (see 5.2.31
uses
which defines the physical and logical drive characteristics
to write system
information from the system tracks of one drive to another, or from an image
(see 6.16) to the boot tracks of a drive.
produced by MCNXSYS
BPSYSGEN

6.6.1
6.6.1.1

Using

BPSYSGEN.

Interactive

Operation.

basic Interactive
the
Line prompt

The

mode

Command

is

initiated

by

simply enterinµ

the

program

nanie

at

as:

BPSYSGEN

will fiio>t be prompted for the source drive from where to obtait a bcncitable systeni imaµe, then for a destination
Td provicíc
drire to save the image.
SéÍÜés>
period'ú,
a \"isüai clue that the program
is executing, a
of
is pz"iñtcuí on
\\"i
thú' .scrt't'n
ea.t'k
daüm
At iht.
th
period represent iñ€ a physical sector of
coI]c'iusic)r} of the opt i"at ion. the program exits to the Con:ni:-tncl
Prcj{'L'6f.í"): "

Yqu

promp

¿

.

binary
tnicks of

A

al"?uIlien[

fijtj
¿l

|)rociucL'{:

hcu"ci

c)!"

f

i

É).\"

!c)I?i'"\"

\fo\"': S\"S
í!isP: by

(sec'

6.

he

J6!

sj'ecifyin°
.-

maj
tin-' t'

¿¿$ :

lle

pkíct-'d
ñáElé

as

Qñ
a

the sys: tc:ií
conímanc! ! : ríe

8PSYSGEN B: ZSDOS64 .BIN
\4'ht.'n

ac:i\"ateci in thú: 1háññ(T". you \\'iij be prompted
for the des'rinatio: í ch 1\'¿B1'S\"SGF\"
jocíd'-í
image
and
af
the
tc'r
validates
it'tttí'
file
it as a \ziiicj Y"st€-íi,
i m¿-.b: t' .
.4]1erT)[dti\"U'I: \". \"o'j niay replace the file nam' v\'itíi a drive ie:tú:
foilo: ied by a CcÜoñ to autoniatic'al ly load the image from a specifíc drire. and
Ft l?]"O!"l"l;)tC'(!
for the dc'stinat ion ái'i\"tj.
6.13.1.2

Comman d

Line

Operation.

A sinszle

operation mar be coniMetely
specified from the command line arguments
M
L
thereby avoiding drire protnpts. When invoked in this manner,
the first argument specifies
the source for the sysrem (drive designator or file) with the'
second
argument
being the drive specification
on which to place the bootable
ima,t'e.
The syntax for the Command Line method
system
of operation is:
BPSYSGEN

{d:

:

fn[.ft]}

d:

<--

d

is drive

in

jA..pj

89

B/P

BPSYSGEN

6.6.1

BPSYSGEN

***

Read

Error
Error

unrecoverable error
tracks of a drive, or

Bad

UTILlTIES

Messages.

An

***

BIOS

encountered reading either
specified bootable fije.

the boot

was
a

Source!

The

source drive

does

not exist

or could not

be

selected.

*** Write Error
unrecoverable error was encountered
drive.
the specified destination

An

***

Bad

of

tracks

destination

cii"i\"és

does

not exist

or could not

be

selected.

No System!
There

arc"

Tracks on the Source
no raiic! Sysieni
aní)nÍa]c)us
condit ion (more than 3
an

Drive. or
waí, cit"tectt-d.
*** Can't

Open

Source

oí" bestinaticm
reserved tracks

l

File!

spec'ifieci boot in}¿-¿?e Í'i le could not
occurreti duÑng: the atíe!(lrte(i File ópe: i.
The

90

boot

Destination!

The

***

writin2 the

L)l'

locatc'íi.

or

an

error

B/P

6.7

COPY

UTILITiES

BIOS

COPY

Generic

-

File

Copy

Utility

derived from the ZCPR3
program
the many modif ications by Bruce
MCOPY48 with
further enhancements

writtetí by
GoldIt
in
in the spirit of the
ZSDOS
environníent .
File date stamping is supported for the full range of
stampinµ capabilities provided by ZSDQS. A user-definable
"Exclusion list" is
two
now supported to prevent copying of specific
files or file groups, and
COPY
options to ease file backups
with the Archive bit have been added.
is
and
and
MCOPY,
also níore user-friendly
than
provides increased error checking
user feedback.
is a
Richard Conn.
stein and others

copy
file blends

COPY.COM

!'4COPY

tool

Morgen.

Howard

As with
only operates in the Command Line Driven or Expert mode.
the
ather utilities provided with ZSDOS, COPY displays a short Help message whcn
The Héj['
invoked with a double-slash argument
in Section 1.2.
as explained
messa,ze
also includes a list of arailable
options along with Ü)(" effect of'
each when included as command i ine arµuments.

COPY

While COPY
is ready to run without special instaliation procedures. you may
\\'i"jj íc) chanpe t!r: cíeíau!t parameters to customize it to your operating style.
you can rriininíize the number
In this manner.
of keystrokes required to perform
o!-)¿'rat
To
ions by avoiding passing many opt ions on the command l ine.
rout inc
set dcfault conáit jQñs. insure that COPY.CON. COPY.CFG and ZCNFG.C(-): \l and
arailable
to the: >.ystem. and execute ZCNFG as describeá in Section J.S oí thc'
! ,(]

ZSDOS

6.7.1
The
de$[

8Y'f¿inu¿£i

.

Using
ba~ ic

COPY.
fcjí"

COPY

fol Io\\"s

oriszina! CP/M format b^i" list in: : ip!drive/user.
an equal sign,
then the source dr ive/user and i'i It:
An alternate
acidcd hy Bruce
!'jorµen
nanie .
synta-':
in NCOP\"4S permits specifyin "
tl'al}Sjí"ei"S,
"Source-Dewt
forní
iri the
ination"
popularized in MS-DOS.
in th>í
and f i iena: ne. a s;mc'-'.
ai ternaíe form you first enter the source drive/user
and thcn tht-· desñination
and optional
drive/user
filenariíe.
Usinµ the D(j¡"l!t¿li
sylilt)Qiog: \". thc-' s\"ñtáx
su!1¡lllaTizet":
is
as:
or

If

s\."nta-\"

inaíion

thc'

COPY

dir: [fn.ft]=[dir:]fn.ft,...

COPY

[dir: ]fn.ft dir: ,... [/]options

[/]options

destination filename

is specified. a number
of unique files rnay be'
by
specified
directory
to
catenating source files separated with
\\'here
commas .
a destination
name is specified,
both source and des[irÉ.í: file
tion file names and types must be free of wildcard characters.
This popular
"Rename"
feature in a copy was a much requested acidit ion to the ZSDOS
cc)7\"
utility. Options to tailor the actions of COPY may be appended after the
source file list.
no

copied

Yc-·t

a

another

root .
lñt:
j]LS.
s

I!"
al l

!\lL'(j)p\"
Jes was retained
from
of transferring
the oriszinal
fi
—
inat ion driue,/usei" is recognized in the cornmand i ine a: szureferenced files- wi !1 be copied to a default drive/us±r
locat ion

method
ciest

no

91

COPY

B/P

Bios UTILITIES

The default
which is contained in the header
portion of COPY.
Drive B. User O in the distribution program but may be changed
below. If options are desired with this syntax, the slash option
The syntax for this method
Manda tory.
is summarized
as:

[dir: ]fn.ft,...

COPY

location
is
described
delimiter
is

as

/options

Various conf iguration opt ions detailed
later allow you to customize COPY to
suit your operating style. For example,
status displays of each operation may
be suppressed
for a "Quiet" mode, verification that copied files match the
original (or at least produce the same error check code ) riíay be enabled or
method
disabled, etc.
of Date and Time Stamping
is actire under ZSDOS.
If ainformation
be
Stamp
transferred
the original
the destinat ion fi le.
to
will
examples
The follovcing
in the "Verbose" method of operation will serré lo
illustrate by copying a file' froní the current Drive and User area to the' sariic
dí"ií'c·. Csei" 10.
COPY

ZXD.CCM

10:

ZSEÜS)
Version 1.71
.CCM
Copying
C2: ZXD
to ClO:
.Ok
.CCM.
ZXD
(Dated)
Veri
->

(for

COPY

fy.

.Ok

Errors

O

In this case. !\ó file cjf the sanie naníc existed in the c]estiI"latic)r} area. bu t
inf"orníat
ion was.
sq the source staníp
was act i\"v.
forw of Fi le Stamping
1\"
Perforníing t ht sanie-' ri: -t i\Ñt"\"
successful
tráñsfér'"cz' to the dcqíinriti()r¡.
with the other syntax now produce":
some

COPY

1O:=ZXD.CCM

ZSDOS)
Version 1.71
.CCM
Copying
C2: ZXD
to ClO:
.CCM
Replace
Same
ZXD
->

(for

COPY

O

(Y/N)?

Y. .Ok

(Dated)

Veri fy.

.Ok

Errors

and Fi le Síanínim
f lle of' the same nante.
Since COPY ñO\l\' detected a destination
in effect, COPY
were
option
checking
(another
duplicate
as
as well
flag)
and
compared
dest
both
Modified
dates
the Last
ination f líes.
source
for
"Replace Same" was issued, and received a {i" les
the prouipt
Finding a match.
Other responses, depending on the results
response
to copy the file anywar.
"Replace
Older", which means that an older fi le
comparison
of the date
are
Newer"
"Replace
and
which means that you are tryin&
destination,
exists on the
rhe
destination
with
an older version.
on
to replace a newer file

is made if a duplicate file is found to determine if the
Public file is detected on
with the pL'Biic Attribute bit.
was
Ifis a printed.
file
Answering Yes to
effect
the destina[ion
the
warning
drive. a
to
has",
ZSDOS
Read-Only
v\"ii
l
unless
in
a
result
error
rep!aceníent at this point
been set to pertntt 'A'I"i[eg
to Public Files (see 2.S.3 cjf the zsros 1.() 3lanuai i.

A

similar

error

check

found

As

92

stated

earlier.

COIl"

has

no

Interactive

niode

of operation

per

se.

but tij't

B/P

BIOS

COPY

UTlLITIES

in a solu€'\i'he¿t
Inspect opt ion provides a means to select files for transfer
mode,
by
interactive
manner.
the file specificaIn this
ali files selected
tion in the comniand line are displayed, one at a time, and yov may enter "Y"
to copy the file. "X" to Not copy the file, or "S" to forget the rest of the
An exaniple
selected files.
copying all files from the current Drive and User
10
User
is:
to
COPY

10:

*.*

Ii

Version 1.71 (for
=Y
Copying C2: ????????.???
Inspect

Yes,

--

BU16
BU16

.CCM

COPY

.COM

COPY

.Z80

.MZC

-

No (def ), Skip
(Y/N/S)? Y
(Y/N/S)? N
(Y/N/S)? Y
(Y/N/S)? S

If operacinsz G. in the \'t'rbosc
copies progress.
6.7.2

COPY

ZSDC'S)
to ClO:

niocie.

status

Rest

on

each

ii le

wit

I

be

printed

¿g.y

tht'

Options.

opt ion characters are availai: Ae to custoniizt' COPY ope,"at 1q!"!>. :"\l":)xt l7Í'
thesr opíior'.s níav be set as default conditions using Al Hawley's ZC\"FG Config!
A! terriat i\'¢-']t".
uration Utiliu'.
vou ruar enter ant' of thezí orí íht- con,iüaníi
int'
tht- funct- i(-/ñ5 cjf" ¿'i sinµ'ie o}.ftú"at iori.
te' a!ter
'The comnianci i ine opt ion ci]aj"¿.':
te1".q
art a: -- follo'í>:
Sereí"al

A

I M
"
N
O
Q
S
V
E

X

-

4rchir'-'
Tl'"{ f'ol" l-íltí'
Inspect Fi!e>
!

t i i (¿' CO¡7\ "
\"0 repictcemc'nr
I!"e"t E: ·:istencc'
3fu

r

Iú: istencí'

jf

of

File
R,/O

let
e.íciude System Files
\."eri fy
Archire Only if File

exists
Files on Destination

Qu

exists

the brief syntax summaries
listed above, you will note that the standard
option delimiter. a slash, is optional if both source and destination
specifications are listed on the command line.
only
one
specification
is
listed.
If
is when copyin? to the default drive. the delimiter
is Mandatory. Each option
is described in the following paragraphs.
From

6.7.2.1

Archive

Option.

When this option
is act i\"c" either by specifying
in the command line or a> a
def"autt. only files which do Not have their Archive Attribute set \i"iiÉ M scIected.
After the selected fijes are copied. the Archive Attribute on tht'
Sdui'cl'
file will bc Set u-) indicate that the file has been "Archí\_ecí". V\'hen

93

B/P

COPY

BIOS

UTILITIES

used

in conjunct ion with the default drive and user settin?s,
the A option
The deprovides a simple method oí archiving files in a single user area.
by
!\jo
is
Off,
of
control
the Archive
fault for this option
for
selection
Attribute. Adding the A option to the corninand line reverses the conf igured
setting.

It should

Copy)

files,
6.7.2.2

be

opt ion.
and they
File

this option

noted that

first

The

will not

copy
appear

is

incompatible with the "M" (Multiple
operation will set the Archive bits on sejecteci
in subsequent
copies.

Option.

Existence

This option controls the test for an already-existing
file on the destination
Adding
the E opt ion to the command I ine argument
dr ive by the same naníe .
The default
in the ZSDOS
distribution verrererses the confipured setting.
Check
On.
This opt ior: does not affect
sion is
for Existing
the
files.
or
check
for PL'Hlic fi les on the destination
cirire. which is always active.
6.7.2.3

Inspect Files

Option.

illustrated previously. tii€ I option prm'ides a weans of select i\"étj' copyeacl^. file.
The distribution defauk
inµ files. without entering the name
!\"'j[
Specifyiní'
selected
inspect the
for this option is off, or
fileconfigured
list.
conwianc!
arguuíent
line
[he
settiríp.
list reverses
this option on the

As

OÍ'

cic\

6.7.2.4

Multiple

Optiorí.

Copy

Thi" ol)ticj!: may I)c l!sl'cj to ccy'y a file'. L)i" ?rQUl? of files to the SáíMj' íi: "É':C'
sereraí tinie.s. as \\Íj€ñ nlakin2 .- sé\"fj"¿-"j copies of the same fije group on ciif'ñ--rent
is ?i\"el') bcf"oi"e each copy operat iozí begins. and "Ají-! ní."ty
cIiskm A pronipt
Thu distribuc!"iange cíix7.: s before beginnin>' the ccq'y.
c)j"
abort at thc prÜn¿i'¿ .
!\"g)
Aclclinp
fen"
ÚllS'
copyin}.
Ñultipíe
the M
o;ñicní is off. for
tion default
!
int a1'szu!]len[
list re'ierses the configured sett!ñz i"Ctt'
opt ior, to the cQrl\}lja|](i
thix option.
6.7.2.5

Option.

No Replacement

line argument. the N option
of a file which already exists on the destination
and a]Kays
be configured.
the same
assumes
cannot
The
default initial state for this option
called.
ment of existin2
4- files.

When added

6.7.2.6

as

a

comruand

Read-Only

This c'j:'t ion. when
fÍá£! wliiclí checks
and type with the'
94

File

This option
Drive/Usei".
COPY
when
is
initial state
Off
permit
replaceis
io

Test.

added

fo:

will not allow replacemení

'

a.s

an

arguiüent

the existence

Re'ac!-ím1y

.

of'

·
the com t" igurecj
s€'tt ing
satisfyin&
the specified
7f this flag is active and a

reverses

fi

attribute set.

)e( s)

oí"

a

name
Read-

COPY

UTtLITIEs

B/P

BIOS

Only

is located satisfying
file
The
(File
overwritten.
E

cally
files are handled.
6.7.2.7

the criteria. the file will not be automatiExistence) fía? will still dictate how other

Quiet Option.

used on a system
with ZCPR3, this option causes a reversal in operation
Q
the ZCPR3 Quiet flag is active. COPY with the
of the ZCPR3 Quiet flag.
If
ZCPR3
ZCPR3,
niode.
option operates in a Verbose
or the
If you do not use option
as
Quiet
defines
the
will disable
Environment
inactive, this
flag
mode of operat ion.
There is no
Quiet
a
messages
console
for
unnecessary
default condition for this option, and it is only effective for a single cal!
of COPY.
When

6.7.2.8

System

Flies

Option.

This option controls whether or not files with the SYStein Attribute set will
located by COPY. Tl_íe distribution default is off to include SYStem filei'
The defau! t i1:"q" he
in COPi" file lists and permit copying of such files.
confiµureci as ciescrihed he low. and the default may be rererseci by add: ng an S
in the conmand ! ine opt Íc)!! ] ist .

be

6.7.2.9

Verify

Option.

C:()F'"i"
openit ion.
ui e M corúi dencc' thíi.t no errors occurred in a
1rac'lj\"¿ít€'d.
\\"hen acti'."e. the destination
the \'é: ":tj" (jl'tic)l} may
file is- read
( heck
(CHG) word.
Pec'undancy
(A '-" ye'! ic
in orái-r tc. CL)!íll)UtC
This \l\'CCCf is úien
c'Qr{i!-)¿!red 1á9 a \"áiút' cAcuiated when
reading the source file.
t\iíj
Ifis tht Ú!"fj¿
be\"¿Juc'5
reascmah!y
CCU?
ñkitCÁ
ination
that
dest
the
ycm
:
sure
file
The dis: trihution default
for thiu option ix True u-'
copy O!" t he ."Á)ül"C't fi le'.
i iV!.
Thi !> opt ion nríay
be changed
by c'oñ!" iFzuI"¿Lt
veríl'y c'aí:'h fj Ie' copied.
i: 'y
rererseíi
acijim" ¿i V tú tí": c coniníancí lire option list.

To

aclci

a

nieas:

ji

6.7.2.10

Archive if

Only

if

File

Exists Option.

lona! jj"4 you níay wish to update frequent ly archived f i les, to the sam
destinat iorí> in a simp1er manner than naming each file. or by using the InThe X option
When this
was created for
just this purpose.-.
spect optioti.
option is added. COPY first searches the source directory
for fijes which hm"ti
directory
for each file.
not been archived. then checks the destination
II i!
match
is found. the file is copied. and the source file deleted. unless it is
marked
There
as Read-Only.
is No configurable
settinl? for this option wliidi
is alvcays assumed to be OFF when beginning COPY.
Occas

cjk
~~

B/P

EMULATE

6.8

EMULATE

-

Disk

Alien

Emulation

BIOS

UTILITlES

Utility

locks any or all Floppy Disk Drivels)
to specified formats, native or
a! len, from a Database
of formats.
It may also be used to display current
settings and restore drives to auto-selection
the Bios was assembled
with
if
(see
The
the AutoSelect option
4.2).
Floppy Disk format informat ion is contained in a file nained ALIEK.DAT whose use is shared with BPFORMAT (see 6.4).
This sharing of a conírrton database of forinats a! lows forrnatt ing, as we } ! as
reading and writing of a large number of the hundreds
of formats used by CW: C
vendors over the years.
EMULATE

Using

6.8.1

EMULATE

This utility is only usable with 13/P Bioses which hare been a.sseiubled tiith the-'
mode 1c)i"
Tñi s is the normal
Auto-Select opt ion (AÜTOSEL) act ire.
re leaxeO!"
boot
B/P
SO!hé
traci :->
Bios, ajthmgh
versions of
vers ions placed on the
led-down
complement
of bui it-in formats to reduct'
f loppy disks war hart' a sca
the system iniage si zc- (see JA ) . EML'LATL can be executed eúhe: " in a:a iníc'i"act i\"é query/response uíode or in a cotnrnand line "expert" níodt' with arµtuue.nt :'
!
passc'cl on the' c'Ljnjl),¿ir)cí
int". The E'vFjLATE syntaú: is:
EMULATE
EMULATE
EMULATE
EMULATE
EMULATE
EMULATE

Summary
"-- Prinz Built-in Help Forniat
,settiruzg-.
"-- List Current Floppy
All Floppies to Autoselect
"-- Return
Execute'

//[/]X
[/]U

<-<-- Selec:
<-- Set int

d[: }
d[ : Inri]

]

QLíe1"\"/F:

in in'.el"acti\e

íbrm: "n
í\_í' tí:

z:

f

íú"i\"c

fO!1|lL"¿',

ícj

d:

es;"jt-?Én:--i£

Ih9CÉC'

inte1"¿'ic'ti"\"¿'É.\"

entry

{e-tper'.)

nn

formats in the r)¿l',al)ast' file conu,tarit . there!)\" ¿·¿ ](?1ii
""i:
in"m thc
ccni i£u]'¿¿[ ion. u ! l fQl'n"lat'4 in the A' IL')!J "\"i" i lc a'""
íorrí,ua
Once
V\it!lQUl
iociáed
ra! idat iOl"i azainst the actúa! cirivt' paranrít'cers.
clí¿%1"¿1c1-e1"ist
oí"
nuF:!.)er
ics.
l"ec!L2il'(f(.!
sicics.
(diG: size.
dri'uiñ seiectc'úl. the
1-o
couipared
spec'cl anci nunibe': " of" t racl-" :' are
dri\"c| !)al"antete!": >
the physica
f¿ t hc
lsee S. 2. l. CO3"FIG+3S i .
in í!m H/F' Rio", hcad': 'r structure
containej
bt.
the'
by
i'oi"niat
ac'co!!micjcj¿zíeUi
C(-Áñ
forruaí
the physical drií"e. then
st"iecttci
LjPH/DPi3 fielch for the specified
infcu"niat
ion ix !Qacied
drive
into the' Extended
anci the' formt ic'c'kc'í"! to prevent re-ass ignriient
on warni boots..
nL",!!!};t_"inz

tijc'

To keej"

c""',")

I'liLAÍ'-

.

of'

uS"

included in the
follow'im fm"mats are currently
in
the
included
which
is
distribution
for
ALIE\'.LIB:
The
code

1

5
9
13
17
21

25
29
33
37

96

Actrx
H89/40
Osborne
H89/40
MD-3
XBIOS-3

SSDD
IS
IS
2D
DSDD

2D

Eagle-IIE
Amstrad

ces
Bower

WP
SSDD

8"2D

2
6
10
14
18
22
26
30
34
38

Ampro SSDD
H89/40
ID
Osborne
ID
H89/40
2X
PMC-1O1
T2
XL-M180
H89/80
ID
H89/80
2D
IBM 3740
CCS

DSDD

3
7
11

15
19
23
27
31

35
39

VT180
H89/40

file. the source

ALIE\".DAT

of

version
SSDD

lX

Ampro DSDD
QC-lO DSDD
Sanyo 1000
Ampro SSQD
H89/80
lX
H89/80
2X
Bower 8"10
TTek DSDD2

4
8
12
16
20
24
28
32
36
40

B/P Bios

H-1O0/4

ID
2
Kaypro
H-1OO DSDD
Kaypro
4
TV 802/803
DEC

Rainbo

Ampro DSQD
XBIOS-4
2Q
TTek
SSDD
TTek DSDD1

as

B/P

BIOS

EMULATE

UTILlTIES

may be examined
Current drire format alíocations
at any time with the X option
which will list the W-character naníe the format assigned to each floppy drire
The U option
in the system or state that it is Autoselecting.
at!
removes
them
to Autoselecting.
f ixed formats, returninszG—
6.8.2

EMULATE

E

rror

Can't

Messages

Database

File +++
could not locate the ALIE.\'.DAT
file in the current!'."
logged
directory.
Solutions include setting the PUBlic attribute oí ALIE!\".EjA]"
and insuring
that the Dos Path includes the drive containing the file.
+++

Open
EMULATE

Format

Supported on this drive!
Coinníon causes
Self-explanatory.
of this error are s'Nect ing ?11
a
Check
forniat on
¶)-tracÍ
'lO-track drive. or an S' forrr'xí on a S.2S" drive.
ALIE!:
.L)AT
cocía
needed
d:
the
dara on the exact
:ive
to detenuine any
source
recjui rernents.
for each foriuat .
+++

Not

97

HDEOOT

B/P

HDBOOT

6.9

-

Hard

Drive

UTlLITÍES

(tailored)

Utility

Boot

BIOS

is a specialized
routine which is only available
for those computers
which feature the ability to boot froní Hard Drives froúi a cold start such as
HDBCxjT is
the YASBEC and Ampro Little Board computers
in the initial version.
anci
for specific
versions
a customized utility which is tailored
will not
execute on B/P Versions which it does not recognize.
It modifies the boot
record of a Floppy Disk System image placed on a drive by BPSY8C:E\" (see ñ.6)
to allow the system to be started froni the Hard Drive at power-on or fron"t a
system
Reset.

HDBOOT

6.9.2

Using

HDBOOT

is extremely sirrqYe to use, and accesses
the FliP' Bier: Data structure'füj"
any system-specific
data required. such ab iniíia: ithe target systení
V\"heri
/'Xébec
fc^r
the'
Shüycii"t
inmi: eci. t iíc
control ier tupes.
zat ion parameters
.!.6
B/P
c'Mckeá
I !"
Bios uersiom
exisrins:~ S\"±.tÉfh
to inxure tñat it is a valid
.
:
S': :-J
phy:
he
jiL¿|i
á4.ct! tt3 ':j'cc-ify \\íúctj of the three possible
valij. you U!!
a sáñ"ip^'
is automatic.
tnerc' Olí the operation
units túfcjz" acct'us. and 1i"qm
a
succesúf t!) e>: ecut1o!"} of this uti!ity is:
screen
HD13OOT

OÍ'

B/P

HDBOOT

Copyright
Configure

Vl.O 31 Aug 92
H.F.Bower/C.W.Cotrill

Utility
1992

by

unit

wPncn

for

Booting

[C'..2]

:

O

SCSI

Target Controller
is : Seagate
Record.
.Reading
Boot
. .
..
Boot Record.. . Ok.
. . .Writing

.

a0:base>_

be noted thü't : t s: ."µ.tQ!1'í
Eli'SYSG1A (sé2 l). L'.) !)e{"c;r':
ú'xeccí
issued and the operation aborLc...l.

It should

HDBOOT

6.9.3

háru been placed on the
iny thi 1> uí i liij'. or art eri"cc
!i"íüst

Messages

Error

No System!
The spc'c'ifieci target
L'nit does
\"¿1]
id Boot Track systc'n"í on the unit

***
F'lacc'

a

taz"gc".
un t "j,:Ú2
niessap'-'
'.i! ¿ ! b'-

not contain
with BPSYSGE.\"

a

valid
and

Boot

execute

Systc'ñí.
HDBC)Ü7

again.
*** Invalid

it
98

iíj not

The
"(.)".

Unit
L"nít

Number ***
. .
numbei" .Y!}c"(: 11]c"(i

": " or "2".

()1"

tijt'

.

L.|I"}i1

c'o!Í:

.
IÍla:]..l
.
inc
is not ácti\"€.

on

1ii"i±"

.
!5>

. .
.
lr;\"a!]cl.

f-i

Uk-'!'

B/P

BIOS

HDBOOT

UT1LITlES

*** Invalid

Boot Record
***
Record
The Boot
existing
on the specified
cit"
\"orinal
Computer.
causes
are no systein
type
specified
unit or the S\"$télÍí in place is not a
Both of these may be corrected by placing a system
of the unit with BPSYSGEN (see 6.6)

Cnit is not valid for
exists on the
currently
valid one for this system.
on the first physical

this

partition

B/P

is

Image
The

+++

Not
image

read

of

Ellos,
from

or Wrong Version +++
the Boot Tracks of the specif led

Unit

B/P

The

system

wasí

Bios.
not
common causes
valid version
this are: not
placing a Boot System on the System Tracks with BPSYSGEN. or alteriÍ]g the
of" the Bios
fixed data structures
the
source code in a way which violates
system
layout
standard
result ing in a
which cannot be recognized.
a

two

O!"

most

Run BPCNFG to Set Drives.
Active!
Hard
xpeci!"iecl
Drive Unit (O, l or 2) v\aq
bv first
actire unit.
This can be chanszed
execut ing E"PCXFG
—
.
HDE3CO7".
üxc'c: utinµ
nienic'ry system.
then re-iní"okinµ
+++

Not

The'

ti: _';
arid

Bios

¿jy

o: "í

,--z::

the

aborting +++
uíade to eüecute this
u'i)ic: '? ím-on a systetn
ütiiit\"
F:
thei3/P
E;ios-ec]ui1)[)s¿'cj
svs'Letn with a
iü~.
sy>teni
boot

...
'ji'ás

An aUenípt
ü!KÍt-!" p;,"p

run!;in!:
1;"r

B/P

Not

+++

tagµ'úd
not
(see
ts.2l

íi'ujt!,
Read

***

Error

unj"ego\"L': "alj]e error
occurred while t]"yin? tíu real tht' tÁÍúj 't
>ys:erl¡' '3, boot F:€'CC1l"Lt.
Íihizi is IlíO.'>t often due tCj media errors, Qñ tiie i'íj": ,-..
cylinder oí' the targ-'t unit and cannot be rectified.
Anot he :" caí'st' níay l;n- ¿j: j
incoz"rt'ír- cic'finit lOll O! tí:í' pEysicul chal"¿¡cte7"is'L lCS of the conu"o!!e: ¿ir!d,"cji"
An

cIr

i \"(

,

*** Write Error
Atí
Fíocí

Rl·coi'

i

Wl",UCCé! sñ: .
í!ít' Ii: _i:d !)]"1\

l

tijc dri'ie

":i|")!€'
Hare! hi

t11]I"L"c(3',"t':

u' títt:

it
u

I"'¡"L'j){·.l)É:

Uñ!'í

.

()j'

\"

€'1"!'c\j"

i\"t

c)ccUr1"c·Ll
uní t .

in(]icate3
unrecovei"ab

if

whik-

t: "ying to

st-'cond

\'$"ri1£'

íii: c 111'3 lú'ic'ü!
exí: catio:"í
is

attenipt at
either an incorrect phrsica! dc'finiíion
le inedia errors on the firm cy! indtu'
a

.

99

'm"

C!'

B/P

HDIAG

6.10

HDIAG

Hard

-

Disk

Format/Diagnostic

BIOS

UTILITtEs

Utility

HDIAG is a peneric B/P L'ti
examine
Hard
Drive parameters
B/P Éiicjs system
where
such

program
to Run Diapnostics,
lity using
any of the defined

Format. \'ei"if'y

aíícl

in a
controller
The
def
ined.
select
capabilities are
ability to
is allowed to enable yuu
the controller type in the beginning of the program
to check and initialize drives using controller types other than that defined
The following
in the executing Bios for added flexibility.
controller types
B/P
handled
in
the
Bios
release:
irtitial
are
Adaptec

ACB-40CÜA
Xebec
1610-3
141(jA
SCSI
1610-4
(Minimal SCSI)
subset for Conner and

Shugart

/

Seagate

Shugart
SCSI-2

6.10.1

typcíz

others

HDIAG

Using

l1iOCÍC'.
i I!c)p{^1'r,tes. iii an int("rac:ti\"e
so i I is Si[}j?'í\"
nanu-'
anO no ai"gummts
(other than the standard cimiblc--s iaslí
the'
reads
Help l'egues'L !. \i'i"!cE actirateci.
type f"í"o!!i tiic ii/'i"' !3io: .,
as:
header
'tlii s is thc ccÉn[r()!jeT
i:u you
type you 'nish to usu.'.
structurt' añil
ccmiroi Ic'i" typt-. sjcñ as diaµ'nosinµ a Seaszate
you í',"is!í El) ljút-' a diff't'rt'n:
Scsi
ttt'i\ ti" :"i"c)i|j i: syt'teni v\iá ch }\¿1> á!\ : \da!3[e¿' control leí" for normal
use. you
1\-']'
Cit t
qÍ" the !-iDj.'i' ; seq.bi9l"l.
icm !c)!" the
renímndei"
ÜlC c();)Z7'í.'É]
níay al Et'l
inu.rací ion til1"[)L|,t!! IR) the- niain loop prompt may appear as:
:"

This

Q!lj'

utilitr i Lxíoíí: l
vokt"cÉ with

if

If

controller

it

tnit

.l

B/P

Bios

Hard

Controller

=

[O}

OW7,

[I]

Disk

Adaptec
Adaptec,
F

Functions:

V
D
P

Select

("C or

Utility

ESC

VO.

6,

25

? : N
([Y]/N)
[2] 1410/1610-3,

May

92

OK

[3]

SCSIi,

[4]

1610-4,

[5]

SCSI2

:

5

- Format
- Verify
Run
Diagnosti cs
Show
Disk Parameters
to Quit)

:

[ p ]
Disk Parameters.
in the
you are running HDIAG on a Hard Drive Unit which is already defined
If
SCSI
drives.
and
of
the
one
formatted,
previously
was
self-identifying
Bios
or
P
command.
The disthen you may view the current drive parameters with the
and
type of iríforíííat ion
play varies with the control leí" type and the amount
Scuiíc
from
be
oí'
Bios
may
data
the
definitions. and othcr
that is avaiiahle.
lsCSi
data from either the' control Itn" (e.g. Adaptec) oí the drh"e electronics
í )
foruisí of inforllíatiorl
Saniples
ses
of
thú
art":
i-: .
or

6.10.1

lOó

.1

Show

B/P

ElfOS

Unit

:

O

:

= 204864
33
=
512
=
1
=
776
=
8
=

O

(12804

<--

Total Blocks
Sctrs/Track
Sector Size
# Cylinders
Num
of Heads
Reduced
Wrt .
Precomp.
Cy1
Step Rate
Media
type
Landi ng Zone

6.10.

CP3100-1OOmb-3

CONNER

Total Blocks
Sct rs/Track
Sector Si ze
Interleave
# Cylinders
Num
of Heads
Unit

HD!AG

UTlLITIES

.5
Eq.

Adaptec

(1383
Eq.
= 22140
18
=
512
=
615
=
2
=
615
=
615
=
12 uS Buffered
=
Removabl
e
=
615
=

<--

setting

SCSIl

Tracks)

ACB-4000.

Syquest

SQ-3!2

1()

)93

Tracks)

Hard Disk Diagnostics
.2
t D ]
cii'i\"és feature bui it-in ci :ag!]c)k', icu rout iñr"> v.'hic'h test tÍ1£' unit '.s eic"c\\'!a:
Otiíc": " S\"~Lcl!¡3 .qi1íll)t\" e": ecute the µoí':
tron-!c!; and ntedia.
c';i
cr-up s3'j¿!U{-: nj'g
gt'i]L'¡'"¿|j j\ ir.clLtc?e6
:[Q1"lí}a!ly.
Üie'
u
r¿'¿luL: lcc cl Stif"-tf""í\S.
only
lC ;'",!tiaíi: 'ú
Í'unc'í Íd1i Ccill !.)L. rúl icci u!).
anj i -6 ínc 7udtú! in the s8tar)ci: ¿rLj fa! j' it-' Oí" lí: }i-4U;
Sai1jí}!c' cutput r€Nu!tir!I" froni thi: -' f"L!!í'j'L ion
f'ji!c't 1c)!!> \\itá thi'- C{)l7ilIi: -zj1'.].
ir:
1

Sortie

Select (^C or ESC to Quit) :
Unit Number [0..2] (^C or ESC
Re-lnitializing Unit : O ..Ok
..Waiting for Ready..
Pau>t'>

in the

jUt ion

cjt"

to Abort)

:

O

t he

sequence,
Iííost
not iiealÁy ail er rh':
statirw "Rt—4nitializing Unit" before the " .en." ap¡)e¿-:l">.
IJepen[!ir}?
on tM exact system
this tinte is often when the actúa! cc)ntrc)|!(: l"
checked.
and
electronics
being
inay involve moving
are
the drire head which can
be
consuming
task..
There

síatu.s

may

D

occut"

proinpt

ext'

.

-

a rime
is also a pause very often aftc"i" the rro!li!'F
". Naitin;z for Ready. .". particularly
moved and must be
rcif the heads were
positioned o\_é1" the outer cylinder of the drive.
When the drive
returnb ;-¿
ready statum then the rííain select ion menu is a?ain displayed and HDIAG i:-.
ready for another coínuiancl.

6.10.1.3
Verify Drive Media
[ V ]
This function permits e\_aiuaEing
the condition of a formatted drive to identify defects to a \"aryin? extent.
By using a mix of defeating
the Error ("Cd"and enabi insz
rect inz'- c'c: 'cit \\iwi"í' pQ$bii"'iL.
disabling
Sét-tCY
the lndiuiduc:
o"fte:ori
cheeP'-.
cl
l"e!?Lti\eI: b" e-\tf"nyi\_e.
tiníe consurr!ing. e- non-íit'st[l'c'¿i"\"L
albeit
suuu", cjf the' f-iñ\'"t' unit may be obtained.

i

101

B/P

HDIAG

Select (^(' or ESC to cµiit ) : \'"
Unit íCumbei" !(). .2 j ( ^(' o!" ESC to Abort ) : O
Verify individual
Sectors (\'/l\"l) : 1\'
CO\NEE:
CP3i OO-1OCMb-3.
Verifying Unit : O
Block 891
. . .aborted.

BIOS

UTlLITIES

S

. .

[ F ]
Drive
Settinp all of the data storage areas on the disk to a constant value. and
of this function.
renewing the control informatior: on the drive is the purpose
and any data on the drive will be lost.
For
destructive.
is
this reason.
It
several checks are included in the progTaIjí to insure that you cío not inadrertently actiuate this conmand.
1

6. 10.

.4

Format

}¿j}":
]¿' S!"üm
of the inf"orníat ion neecjt'd
to í"c/I"¡iíat a cir j\"e is aval
be'
:rea':í
froni the drive oí" controj!ei".
either the Milt-in data whicii cari
ür
'ic/ú
from
the Bios data areas. S.C)llic items ai"e st i li required froni the' usei".
i ;'.
\\i !1 tht-t"t"f{-)rL' !)c- axkecl to prcn"icíe any data necessary to format the dl"j't"r.
{
the oidí-'r SASÉ
g7ystelll>
IMO- : Xc'g)Lc. etc) this can aríiourn to ¿i con>.ici¿ral)lL·
. forncitt inz Qt" drives is not ofteíi recjuirc'íí.
F"()}"tuI1¿lt€: }\".
numjer of er,trit'~.
"
Hi"'7A'";
"'" j"c;í!|t",Ltir.:
and tM |ÍlLti^Lj{!
is flc': iMt enoayh to allo'.í :i "g::'i'
íVjt"'
iii
l"
dt'ri cé: - ¿t"? iu: counecuA.
o
range
v:

ñi le

most

HDIAG

6.10.2

Error

Messages

pjL"c)|)iel}íg)
t': ](-('k'j-ntg-l"'-':j
ijc presented !'0)1" speci
]l'í
t'rj"Ül"
0ie»sa,2tj': > \\ i
O!'
spec.:
LO
j
be
i
i
the
cjf
C¿'í"t¿l¡Ii
]j[ó7'\(,.
Yarn"
\ti
!1iesµaL"es
lC
thc {)l)e]"¿!ti(.);?
áñt-i
infcu": íiat ion de!)¢'nciing
2Í1'j
cm
Chr°íñgt tííí-: spectí"i
oí n: :'I""7 \'. j
cj'crat jQjj6.
The
CM
lñOSt
of
general
theȟ
seiec'.ec'.
control!c'í'
C'¿"l!ja|)1íitit'j3 c'f
type
:
c'o!Ii)lj¿]nL"l.
The' !\"e\¢'c']"
SCSI systems
Ubc "L.\tL?ntlet:
c'oncúns the' S(-'S1/'3i\LS! Sc'i!>'£
\íhen
the- basic Sense
inforlÍ)¿-¿t ion than
Sense"
w!"ii ¿fj cam l t'tj7"1!
ralue> .
rmre
SCÜXt"ken""
i>
("iE'Lectcci.
lí!c"ss.;1gExíencít't-i
in
many
displayed
tht'
uaiuterror
rüanucN for the"
Consult the pro?rarríming
t"'" ratht: " thau
thti ba: - ic "Seu1x£"' bytt.:
c'L3nti"L:
S"cc!: ¿,
of these bytes.
:syt^c
I¡I(i'l' cr Cij"i\"e Í"c: the specific meanings
l
\í"i)
U.bL|cl|íy
be
displayed a.s:
niessay-'

fic

li

Sé\"cÉ"Á

ii

j

i"

r

ific

or

.

Error!
Error!

(Comnd
(Comnd

=
=

xx)
xx)

Sense:
xx
Key = xx

information during operation of many of' the funcAlso. to proride adc1itiona1
from
read
the controller when an error occurs is
t ions.
the raw status byte
o!"
as:
an error message
also displayed as part
(status
The interpretation
manual
í)rogranírliir}µ

102

= xXH)

of the hexadecinial byte presented níay be gathered
for your specific drive or contro!!er
type.

fi"olíi

the-

B/P

BIOS

UTILIT1ES

HDIAG

B/P

Bios
aborting +++
...
Liios
a
An attempt was made to execute H1)ÍAG under
other
l3ios
níade
the'
altered the locat ions or values
to
or níodificat ions
correctly
identify the system.
Not

+++

****

Block

SCSI

Length

Error

BIT'.

than
needed

to

!

This fatal error niessage will be displayed if the Command Descriptor Block returned from the Bios is too s[l]all to allow the extended colüü!and$
needed
for the requested operat ion.
It usually results Í"roni alteraticms u)
Hard
níoduje
change
Driver
the
which
necessary values.

**** Controller

Not

Readable

!

could not read paraiueters
in the R (Read Drive
only appc'ar
type is "om".
HDIAG

This v\'ii

l

controller
****

No Diagnostics
The ( Qrit}"olle]"
access
qi" pert"orni

for

from the drive or conírolicí".
funct iQñ, when thí

Pareuneters)


selected cannot
perform Diagrmst ics in
can
the needed func't ions.
This v\"iji only
(Perforní !9iaµ"nostícs) funct icm.

HñIAG
the' D

:

**** Verify
tc'íy
l\'ei"ify)

qut:

!
Not Available
The .specific
d: "?\"±'/'cc?}"}í.z'cf!ie!"
sck-'cteíl htit..
alío','.
\L'1"il"!c'?Lt1c'n
¿j'i"\_t.
thti
Thi s \',"i l
oí
to
Í'LUÉc't
1s!i ahcn the' corízrü!!cr
"c/\\"í
type
".
is

+++

1610-3

t yj'ía|)l)€a1'

.
O!'

Error...Sense
sending

"Ká" dett'ctéci
\"cijcc
14!OA

t

on

bcc:

íy

l'1"]"(?}"

títÁ !?!LÑ

í

a|'T)c?¿:

"

in

,7.{!e·-

the

V

= XxH

the initiaiizazion
Í(Ññ-j or
controijer. Insure that t}íi: 3
cont!"L]li€'1
settinµ' for \"ou i" heircíuaá't' coní" igurat ion.
V
in the
l\"er: Új"; f"urícl ion.
An

.7htt,-c,.

Initialization

rí':
!

a way U!.,: appear
in

i

-I

btri_n? tg a
i !"!l' c"-"·i": "-: - 2
i i \', i : ! ouly

103

B/P

INÍRAMD

6.11

INIRAMD

-

RAM

I!CIRA\1D is a B/P
and optional ly
stamps.

Bios

Disk

Initialization

BIOS

UTlLITIES

Utility

utility

that initializes the Directory of a RA)! Drire
DateStaiuper
for
(tni). P2LXjS. or both 'types of
initializes it
features
contains
protective
preclude inadvertent initialto
It
file
izat ion of an already formatted RAY Disk, and may be command line drivcn for
execution from within STARTUP scripts.
6.11.1

Using

INIRAMD

Line arszuíñents,
This utilitv is designed to be operated with Corr¿!I"land
but
features built-in defaults which can be configured by either overlaying bytes
t\"i
th new" default sett ings. or 1?\" configuring
in the beginninsz - of the prograll}
Tc execute with the default
setüngs.
simply
with Al !Iauley's ZC\'F(í tcm!.
enter:
INIRAMD

The' coiuplcne

synim:

':

!"c/j"

]µ'iF: µ\\:!'

[d: ][/][Q][D][P]

INIRAMD

6.11.2

Comman d

Line

is:

Mode

1¿
Line when I:':lKj:'::) is i!1\'('É.Q'(} , $Lú"L ."¿l !
on the (.'olíinia:
enteriní-' al"gu!íie-nts
m·
desired ai t hr-'
setting'£
irñerríai default rajue's can be see to tho speciíic
(olll¡1}a!lL"j
The Í'irst arszuinent
Linc raí l i u ¿,
t inie.
expected wheri parmriz the
~
Tl_:
cind v,i
s
iu opt ion,:
orerride the defauú ¿;"i\"c M: ij'ci It
Drire Letter.
i
li
i
íij"i\"c·
x!'fF'Li$'"\'
Pl"Oµ1"¿i¡:
:
the'
Tl\
other then t!_íc default,
into
enttu":
i.

R\'

INIRAMD

d:

be t\"ithht£jci
guriñz%- t':u-'cu- i(")É[ :
can
lIíc'ssa£'rb
f'
Úlf! eníbecicíeci 12 the P!"O?1"'¿l!l..
s:gíi- t iríg
i theiti"ui cic'f'au ! t "Quiet"
En\"irQnLÍi:
tmssinsz
"
ir}
¿jlÚ
a Q tiú> an argUjí}€;"j:
qi"
jn¿.
"Quiet
i lat'
settin,z
—
when inroki.n;j t!it-' p]"c)?rcLl: :.
iai i: 'hi;,' the RAJ! Drive in Quic"t melt' u.>in: z LÍ!c
default cirive is then ¿,cc'Dlíji'! !s!ít·d by entering:
Ext ran{"c)U: ->
Iy: IR^L\íí) 1)\"
the'

an'.!

!>i"c)ll)r}t

"

?71Z¿Ltt!"3

t

Inií

INIRAMD

Q

which types of Date/Time Stamps to add to the' RAM dri': e
and/or D argutrients.
a"ith the P (for P2DOS Staííips)
If not
operating in the Quiet mode. 1\"IRA)ÜJ notifies you which type(s) of Stamping
been added
hare
methods
area is initialto the RAY Drive after the directory
oí"
Sramps
M:
then is
a
for
both
types
blank raiue.
ized to
Initializinµ drive
by
enterinµ':
initiated
You may aisc' spec'iiü"
durin¿7
preparat ion

INIRAMD

1Q.d

M:

PO

é/P

!2!QS

INIRAMD

Error

+++

or
fi
correct lv
modi

!K!!!2AMD

UT!!-!T!ES

Messages

Not B/P Bios
aborting
An artempt was mide to
cat ions níacie to the' Bios
idem
the s>ystéñi.

...

in

+++

execute tllü ·'\'.1 umier a Hicis other
a ltered
the locat ions or values

tF]¿ír:

bh',.

nc'eded

("t:

(VI {N] ):
anyway
ready Formatted. . .Proceed
ij_f¿
wa1"nir:
?
be
issüegg
i!"
anci
cietc·ctec7
jr"!!¿A\fL)
prompt
This
v\itjRAY
t:
7 k'i
duním" f"i le ñáñit-reach"
íorrnattt'C.
xúd as a tag thar the
br i\'c is al
ifz.
ñiOSt often seetí
in ':ysíerns
that contain battcry backed-up RA)! arid ]N]!.'.¿','\·!'l
íh'.
To rlíirliníl7€"
is invoked c ithc"r direcr 1\" or in a Startup alias scrirt.
zecÉ
RAM
cit'
s:
!1_,
appúarancc·
Disk init iali:
tlii ñlí'S""¿i£'{' i!' you desire to hare the
":
lc)\\'jn.F:
Uíe
the Stai"tuj' crirt. iñÁúdt"
fol
+++

Al

'" EX

IF

M: -RAM

INIRAMD

.OCiO

<-<--

M:

FI
Drive d: does NOT Exist
l.]tl"]t-'r tlie (iC'i¿'i[.l!t
or
rnm~
\i¿_j";
tc?
nut iH·e'í d: -""ínt'd

As: 4u!1k? RA'I |")isk j·h ,'ñ;
RAY
Asxuminz
bi',k i", '.l:

+++

1\"Ii-: ..!'":'
K·'.\i I)f!u"
"\/,"j iÚl
níet,t'
+++

\.',"u"

Drive

eri"ot".
\'\"jj

; [- I"!

ñÑñl:

\'t(j'x
("'Kt'

-

'ii ¿. "i

i

i (2 '"
(.'1'[ tori

¿¿;"ny ""l

hí'í'\7u.

c:' !

is

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l'ü

,

t '.

the'

pos:
( 'At'
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c t:

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r h"'

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i

t hat

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tlít-

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.

Drive!
c) t"

.í

t

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ícttí"r.

}

anüi

ni1c';l dr i 'je g}!"t'¿'li!\'tí

the' sy.'bte[l{.
r"jt"j }jnciet
ínt'G círn'e
5
If" you v: ish to check

d:
Not a RAM
hi-": ' t M L"i(£!¿,u!t
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l
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t

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S

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,

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.
"

B/P

INITD!F2

IN!

6.12

Tl)l R

PZÚcg

-

Initialization

Stamp

cliy,Pq

Í'c)1

BIOS

U7lL-!TÍFS

Utility

1'2lx)S-type
f i le stamping.
rhe
disk "s directory
tracks

It does this m" repiacinz every fourth entry in
'n'ith a t irúe and da'>-·
Existinp
entry which is prefixed with a special character {hexadecimal 21 ).
directory
in
fourth
position
shifted
the
then
the
to
entries
first c"nt': -r
are
in the next loµicai st-'ctor and the initialized directory
sectors are written
back
the
disk.
to
l\"T"j"[): R

r]"Ep¿í!"es}

\', A Ft :t T !\" g
**^'*: ****'¥.?:*****-*t:*-¥*:<::.
****>(**: ****.*******-*¿:*¥.*
* tk"jTl)!k should not be run on disks containing
Date- *.
since'
* Stamper
stamps
*
directory
data.
rearranges
'"
and P2LXJS
* To
stampinp on one
both I)aíeSíamper
* disk.
s1áI"t
ri'ith a blank disk, or one íí"ith no datestaníps
"
*
type and rt':' Pmth pLu'[)s and T\'I7'i)IF' on the disk "
'i
befor·t.
t
iming othera'ise wi! l invalidate any
L7}n;
* ex 1st :nµ s[arlir tiata.
"

file

install

of either

'k.*.Z"***.>:

6.12.1

it.

&'**S'Z:%:*.Z.*b:á:&*Z:*j*:&::·'&:Z:*%:G:*'**:**%"

bt"

can

:

l'¡"c)!;';";í
c)!"
ai t!íí'
.
clr?'-])lÍt-'n-[ cm CM corr,ríútn: "l i
l\'í:}{:!á ::i. , ! :
ft: ííc'1"
i-i cit"i\"c

it'

tí'j

ljútcbtan"c"'""
i l

'jÜú'".

rt")..jz: :,..'

J-.\"1'1 Z C,_·.

("I 'j'

! .\" i "i"; y ' :','

IN1TD!R

Illegal drive

.

Di

enough
Tht.'
enc)'j£!7
.

rectory
.'\1',

10€

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j",1ítq'""j

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: Láh,j"
!r(7tli
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r:-ft. j
t
rt'shiy-! (")l"rliát íéíi or blank.
ñOf

";j

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in

"-- nltiali7e

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aroil

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messx>:
i\-é Mod

rxcl

prepared for

h"

P:

P2i.)O$

stanípm

name

spacú

i: -.

entereci

was

space
on
the'
on
áúcí! lNAü

runt

in the

disk
selected disk is
u.-)
stlprx)rt P2Hü$

error

éT1"Ü!' k¿ib t"!í(: c)tiT)1L'1L'tj

in

re7l(i}T't '

Cit

ran?e

íM

"A"

thru

more
than
íc stamps.

:':É

.

thT€: L'-z"(3"úr[í]"I

ii

cíi

"P'

cÑTec"Tor;'".

,1

2ll}:'L!".

l)¿it.U>.E:

dr

i

t:

Messagez: .

di rectory
directoru
read

'ic'u'"íeci

¿i"-.i.:

h,t!': C(->

¿l."'- :

//
dl:

J't

|3]"()¿"C'¿'-!
,

t: .

!

lrttcí"

t\'íii

initim

"',iij t C
c:
f )l!í,'.' arí.'
m
I"tíl" t:"".

chiíracter

I"hú

Kot

i!ring

already initial ized
selected disk is alrt'a:

The

i"ul i

l'"i)"

Error

Directory

Not

\'\ }1)
't))-7,

j ',

INITDIR
INITDIR
INITDIR

6.12.2

¿Ill

'"7'!\í!(',.|'·"

¿;jjt";
Kt?!ú1lñ?
¿-j'i.'z
j}µ;' roµ: -·.ll')]!!2.\"
N

thi>

Fj.\
¡\"t-"
!ikkj1n[t-'rajT
8lr!l!"!y C'ñte1Uñ"
"-fñcit"' tn" bf'L'.
cit_i\'t'
(t
L':
pcct
ii!
Fu!1! thí.' Intt3f"at: 'tl\"e nmc.ú. \"ou
int- .
l'7i.K.:
.'.":
'épt'í-i iy í!"x-' CÍl"!\'¿' [ i")
izc "n"ith

.\ L'j\.!lor

run

í"Ünír!,;l?2("i

%:*:'4"*á:Q"z'*2:.$"*'%'*¿'*"*.z:*'g"*:i'*z:&":

Mode.

Interactive

lNÍTDIR

lnirdir

valid

it

B/P

BIOS

Directory
An
\'\i

lB!!TDI!2

UTILITlES

it probah!r

write error
error occurrúci wMle writin;z
result in loss of file data.

thú

imualizúü cñrec1o,'"r.

! t

DateStamper
Fi le Found <-!!!TIME&.DAT
Proceed
(Y/[N] ) :
anyway
! l ITlMFAuDA'l
1
The special DateStaníper
exists on the' íiisk.
mos-n
the"
time'
and
dartTjateStamper
other
disk,
of
on
intüí"the
are also
Cm
mat icjñ wi i i be lost .
treyla|\"-t'c;rníaí[ed or eny'ty disks, no bateSíaniper 1 i it.'
stamp
data exists. so
is sate to answer with a Y and
the ciisF,.

-->

file

files

ir

ini[iali7e

107

B/P

INSTAL12

ÍNSTAL12

6.13

lNS"íALl2

Boot

-

install

-

rack

ii

Bios in a
3.5k

FJ,./P

U'R.

(2k

1T!FS.

L'TI!

Utility

Support

/.S1XFi.
standard sÍ7€·

from

BIOS

"t": pe' image
Bios) Í'i les

!\)O'\x"Sj"S

í.: CP,

""4.375k

bOS.

utility distributed
file.

JNSTAL.!2
INS7"ALOS
is the latest modification
to the ZSDOS
1.0
ZSlX)S
with
which autorñatical ly overlays your computer's System Image
MO\"CPM.COM
such
(CP/\l j or MOVZSYS.COM (ZklX)S 1) program,
as
or Absolute System
Model
CPMt4.CO\!)
ZSlxjS
ZbiX)S
vÁth
(e.g. .
to produce a ñt: "Q\ !"i le conor
of"
Fsasic
Disk.
ZSl7-)S/7bi-K)S
in'neaci
Operating íSystéñí.
taining
your original
Io'a's
INS1'AL.12
of various ZSboS parameter: ',
you
also al
to set the
(
ciur inp the insta i lar ion fú"oce.ss
paranieters.
rriav a Iso he changed
tijc'st'
later
LÑ-'
ZSC'()X|'l(F
with
propranil.

file

defaults

í!-it:
Cl:tc' lhjtÚ-insta l lar ion rr()ct·y¡s
ea'-.': as pos: ',it.k- .
!YSlAi-!? js dí'>>igr't-íi
i !
Í1"o!íé
cinci
¿y"]"."\.Í
i '
jf'j
cii"i\"és
iüaci
a
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it': ' froií'
Aj: t G:
l:
um'r areas
íCü'f
r!iánuF}
Qi
g;
e:\,tet_tKi\"t-.
rñtí
i'í
Section 6. i3.3
l.rrur chí'ttcr
thi
.
lull;
t
inai jy. you ínay safelu abort !\"S"iF^z!. :' '
ex!'!: ·ii!í< ali ]>:>É"i','j! l " úri"or [íje": sa,2e->.
at ru': u !;i" ¿"¿' t pc'ínt> é")\" t3r'.'y>!ng
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B/P

INSTAL12

UT!L1TIFS

BIOS

System

in Relocatable

níocie.

Ab': oíute

to patch

(Defau1t=MOVCPM.CCM)

:

or

Absolute
in

fi le

Image

(Def au1t=SYSTEM.MDL)

Model

System

:

mode.

in anv miss int.'
not enter al! of the int"orrnation; IKSTAL!2 wA)
lenamcc
you simply hit RETURN.
items with the aei'au!t disk. user. or fi
If
IX'S"I'.-\L12 searches the current directory
for the default System Ima;ze or ASáü,\fc)c]e
1
It-:
MOVCPM.COM
(?Y!(.)\'g:
S
Í"]
S} .CCN.
lute ,'u'sí-eni
or SYSTEM.MLÁ) . Here are SCUfí·-'
s¿-ln:
l)!t" resnor2bt: s' :

fil!

"you need

System

Image

fi le

!3t·jecty

M{)u: p'il.("():\l

fi le
tMÑt'Ct: '

System

(Defau1t=MCNCPM.COM)

to patch

on

drive

"}j" in

:

B3:

atea .ii

use-r

to patch (Defaul t=MOVCPM.OCM) : 1O: MOVYSYS
c)í_/ the
current clrn"e. user 10

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2
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113

E!/P

!QPI!'UT

6.14

IOP!N1T

tO

--

iniria!]7e"r

Package

tnitiaiization

BIOS

t)T!!-1Tl£S'

Utility

¿\")
íl'í.
iof' Eí,t: f'f"er defined in thú ]-.!l\"j rorllllc'¡2t Ij)ess!"]!'¿Ui"
1 'l
and
patchc's
Table-.
:
jul}ir)
standard
torrriaí
-Ú7\"c"·
n into the 6u)á
the sanie basic function así the' older ZCPR-í níethQd of' loadinsz a SYS. jÓF' ti le.
but was added as: a stand-alone" .routine Iq do essential 1\," tÁ eat ire in3ía!i¿}additional
space
was freed in the B/F' Bioñ
in so c!oin?,
t ion of the packa,ze.
COde
added
'ñ'hich
be
a!!o'ñng
other rout ines ro
cannot L)2 T€'nícii."et: t,j
core
external proµraíus.

!0!"7\"!T

Due1m\"

6.14.1

Using

"lhís

for

l'-ided
o!' rhü
iá't
near
the beszinnir'g
Thi s rout int'
\i'hjcl?
al^
NOTE:
s..\"stc'!!,
jo!' is defined.
jump at iocaz icjñ t)!
pí"u 'ran: x í': ln icij change' the Mirra Boot

>hou
any
am"

|)t·t'(j}"(F·

run

lOPlNl1"

j"roµrani

SCÜPt

an

!()1-'

)cl

ht,-

init

inc

ñ_:

v: he:i
ing
Yo a7g}jR': L'!2i:'} art' exr)ected
The-'
t'.ní"
l ronnient
u"!ú t"': ccut iñf' sy>teni
.
6i¿agh help ít: Cj\ÁC'.t 'u 'R'IÜ2 a! i yj'd;'!'L")rÍ

cali

iOPlNl"l"

6.14.2

Error

No lOP Buffer defined in
] t
b{"!!t'-!'-: \l"'!:í1a(i{()!":¥".
j?uI"¿l"L
a>,se:
Í!}j;}
ccYjt'
,0}: u!'
.

in,.

--j.
\.

': "iptm"
at-

". t.'

u ":'¿'(":

\1":

***

! ;"j L- t
t.
. ,
i ¿t-i.; : t"

lOP

i
i

d

|]¿:

ri'-'

-'\jj

tcj

t

he'

n{jrr!i:

_¡ i

cic:

ÍÍYAi
i-"hl

c-

routines.

'¡

Already Installed!

r!"i!

ined

': .'í i l

Hl

l)e€"l"i

caum'd

cií'l !nE¡"ci¿
by t.': "--cu9 in

j

---

:

L

y
"

rL': ij\ \."í
l.'?'1-'·-' '

J-m"
a
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Í"\V".y I'"
i"
>. e :a c l"
|i;-.;3L'.! S;: >trtZ:' !7 i: áit¿"
(i' '.- ;-u :
lCrÁ nc'iT i b \\ l tt"ÁÁ: : íc. !<: "c:i"t iYQj" th:

\ "/ ,-/"1' [,i"}í7,",i

c-L,:

C :
"\ i". Lat- ' '. .' "" :
.
:"J{_' ! .:Z ".
:
t "Lj:'t:ltj:! l- .

Sl 'í'—l.: '.;'|¿,ií:",[L"Í:":.".

1 "l

respc)n{ts

Environment
tht: if.ñ--' íiuf jgj"---Éía9'.
Def

Envi ronment
No Z-System
"i if i
s l!'j ' ! ;
níc'
C,
'¿,:-: .: t-'
m
.
U"!
Ti,'!' l'icF
i" REQUIRED

, ,>
T C·

ali value's dc'tennined

mth

Messages

--GLlt

JOF'I!"IT
rout int"

S']Ak'í"\"P
Ik'

/Í/¿.",jg T

1

'

.'!

:t

"

.u." ""

i
-:
C:. t-

***
"".C,

!í

:'iñ

: :

c!c')nf-

[

';t

:I:c'

M": '.,2

t-Z:

.

i: "C:--

iíi\. :.: ,.: -' '.

: ',

B/P

6.1"

LDSYS

(

System

-

is IÍk'

1.I)$\'b
BPF$L"ILJ.'

LDSYS

U1"ILIT!F"S

EllOS

pr"inl7¿r:
("i.

see
in1a?e

l

F

Image
g"

).

lie

Loader

hr
uri iit\" to activare a System !rríape fi le preparec., hen
systeiu. t
It first validates the currently-running
where

they be!onp in thú
places the component
parts
13ios
Boot
routine of the newly-loadej
Cold
executes the
unbanked
and need not be plactui
banked
í"i
be
Ima?e
system.
either
les may
or
LDSYS
can
access
since
in the current ly-k'gged directorv.
files along t!"ie
Path
from
systeni
specifications.
path, or
Z3-styl-?

the
computer's
loads

le,
fj anci
merrtorv,

Using

6.15.1

LDSYS

the only way to install a banked svsíem in a B/P System.
before fina! conversion to bootsystems
war.
test non-banked
MC)\X8\"S ¿i'"í'-'
!oachi'd
be
able syfteIÍls; u")
onto system tracks usinp I\"SI"AL.12.
be
passed
cm
}'j 'S\"S(;}.: ':.
LI.NYR expc"cts
on the- Cc)nj[l'l¿írj(¡
ly a single parameter to
[h¿
be
lma;ze
If' nc' Pile ];:pt' l? G'i;-naníc of an
l.iííe. thm
im
fi le toTheload.
.IMGÍs
assumed.
p; icit !y entered.
¿i type o!'
Iocat ion of the c'Ú'si rec! f i i ¿'
be e>r'|ic'iLiy staUiu.í
t]cjri]'t¿'ii
Z"J-'K3
hí,z\"
fashion with either bt : or !)1l: :
iri
i i
L.DSJ'S
\:
p1"ei'i : íes.
g)y{]ra:
of
is therefore:
TM o\'t!1'í':
This
and

a

utility
simn le

prouides
[.c)

[du ;cii

LDSYS
l(");i;.i"i]"!¿·.

\\húu
! 'g

I'Á'("'1

[}
:

b¿"1nF:

-"

'«i'cc': ícl

í'rorí'
ctui"i'j'"

:":""¿"):"'?]'c"!"r'ecj

e"

1 j"c'7'"'

sj: \""'"Leíi|

starts
starts

Banked

ií."'.'

at
at

Dos

at
starts at
Banked
Bios at

.installing

SB180

B/P

zcpr3+

Vers 1 .O
H.F.Bower

Loader
1991

BIOS

. .

fir":

rl"'

F

Bios System
(C)
Copyright

DOS

.typ]

iii

B/P

CCP

]name[

t"u."mí
l p: mí,
it'·.€"c .
y?c'ree}"!s ííi: t· c1i>q'!á"t: d, thú
F5c)("í
loaded
the" ('(^ id
the
sy"teni at"te' cur, l :",. '
rout ír'í'
Li'i'Íl")l("'"\" í TOfu cl
LI.'M"S tc} : !'\(" nt"',': } \'— ! ',)¿i¿l'"L:
A s¿""Í":
$)';'j : t"!]í.
\"iíc'ñ ir!"í.l]lE"'c! un a K'fi¿ro"!jf"jí
S}{-}b: (' i<'
'ic'\"±i("'l't'.¿;"it

sl-j|í}n!:

K

cí!'·';

r:

by

:

CC80

(OF8OH

:

DCOO

(OFOOH

:

1080

(050OH

:

EBOO

(088OH

:

1580

(1269H

Banked

60.25k Bios

31
&

Aug

92

C.W>Cotri11

Bytes)
Bytes)
Bytes)
Bytes)
Bytes)

System

Ver 0.6

26

jan

92

(Banked) with:

Env

ZSDOS

Clock
Disk Support
Warm
Boot from RAM
RAM Disk (M:
Full Error Messages
Hard

)

115

B/P

LDSYS

EllOS

UT!L!T!ES

in rhc abm_e sample screen throuµh tl_: é line ". . . in.staj íinµ I'á!?}.z: ¿:
Ai ! subsequent
l inus in the above
sci"eerí
cit: -'
are printed by LDSYS.
displayed from the nevÑy-joaded i3ios: . Durinp alterat iorí, or moCil f icat ion Üt" a
new system.
this subdivision in the display areas niay be a clue' to any diffiThe position
culties encountered.
of the cursor at the bottom of the sample
is
which
the
Ellos, now in control,
the
point
new
at
attempts to load
screen
If" none
is found-,
additional
the Startup file defined in the B/P Header.
fenini tía! izat ion wi ] l not be performed. and you wi li see only the prompt
A! i messages
Systerii"

D:

riv"e

Use."

A,

6.15.2

inuokc'
c¿-:

ll

spc.t

thi>:

11£

an

are

No

file
LDSYS

Ambiguous
f"i !t·

Thc

inah]

fn[.ft]

fní.ft]

asterisk
io" eípandúcl
v,'ith an unarnbipuous

OpenÜ"ig:
leí
sy: 'c' i f"i '-'cl inia?Ú t i le ccw
Riig}n"\¿'í[cí'!
jj"j rnú i'i u: !á?.MÚ.
ñ3
l(;"l'""'
1)\l 1
"tlíc
t"'iñ:
!
l
a
!'"'
L
[\" to
i

Error
¿¿

File:

oñ¢' qucu'.t i·-'m ni: ',:"b:
l\.L'-c'\: c:c'utc:
1\' lüa,i .

iéíi>t

AI

if'icÑi

--()1"

Messages

specified ! ***
'A'aµ
cal k'd \\"i thcmt a speci f vinµ I"! je [o load.
i
i t d Í"c¿'t }\" \\"i tíí thí- 21('!'R
"(ii)" c'omníand as:
GO
filename
it in rhc' norm! Í¿1ghiot] speci tjüm an iriía: ze t'i le to Ioaü.

--thcí

Error

LDSYS

***

Cfi"

().

!

fi

You

m;:

t¿'¿":t-·:
v\ás {."iL".:
ñáñlt'.

re'-

ir'

1€

t l" :( onnííon
lc)L',2tc·(i.
c:iz::-.s
j..?
í\"tjc' o! "j\'f: ".'
itiá the dt'!'auNL)l'£ f'¿¿¿';
or in ¿j Pl !'i ic C: '"t-"" '("""'l'.

nc'ñ

ii

hi'

v:

i

BIOS

6.16

MOVxSYS

Track

3t

-

i> a
ioppy

T

reflect

It

MOVYSYS

YASRÜ"
Ampro

MOVAMSYS

Using

6.16.1

Litt le

MicroMint

8SYS

MOV1

Utility

System

imaµc
bootahlc"
a
tor thí l)Oo1
systení
tcj stenerate
prQ?ran]
: :ccj
custorni
each
o1"
Liaíul Disl: .
for
is
type ot n¿írd\í'a!"E'
The generic name MOVXSYS
the' Fi/P Ej1c)s.
translates
to a specific
examples
the'
ID,
of which are:
ing
standard name

This routine
track g of a
system
usinp
name

MC)Vy.SYS

UT!L1T!FS

é/P

Board
Sts-lSü

MOVxSYS

t\itti

This
hÜ:
S\>téñi

is patterned afret" the ori;zinal .\!()'\": 4i"S.(:():: Ji.qtI íht'tc'í!
prograní
'-"'i'/jj
Re"eal"u'i|
JA M'>,tt"ñí-",. but extemiu"c'ly ur¿atc'{: ! to rc'í'!e.: t
k:l|C'¿"/"\"?¿'"r
i
",rand: íí g}
I'. ent l \" of" a b,i'm' ad'irc"'",'" or ",\'"'.t'[l] "i] 't"';' i!)
]:.)jNt' cMcL> nL'c: c;e,._l to irllrujrL- !S,/!""' st¿i!]': ia;"::'-,.

ita!

ati'!it

haí:

lit

ic

ijf-'

p:

t!í i:

;'.

¿"L"'4 '

(li' 2U!itt ti'. \¥ cjñ Ukí CC)!!l: !í¿l'_! .
t he ecjü1\ a) t-'tít ñ'jE1DzÁ
b.\'-.1£l:
\j ,
I!: t-.
, , ' ·-"
in
l
¿:c!'-..\"¿"¿ltt:}[
E 2
ii
>.\": ·:tL'|!l.
;. i'·.'
the'
bi-t"n' a'id !"U: is of
!ohytt"-"
!2
¿¡|j
(u',.'
ki
.
or as
l.'or{il: i¿íl_,:?
í-'j é)L'(_'q·>C'
tlít-'
)iú\j\.<'\ !' !'¿"L!"'.ey
-j t'lenímt u) dete: "minc if' inc' \"¿-jj\jt
".
!¿-"r,¿'·¿¢.j_'.:
:luF,ií','¢!
ílzt:
ancí assunieú:
!"
in;'
l'¿'íif.:
[jj,'¿ii Ü"l'- \"¿.l"t_
¿i
i',
iii
íjj\'
c!1ti
¿_tr|.?"jr"L·""
\'¿1 i .lG
>
adciresAc!$.
Í)c
s.l'L'ci$'i(-'"\
¿-; NLíii"'. !!ii-'
} i
nm'-t
µ'reaící"
m'.
:
OÍ
"s
it"k'ñ:
;-;i)í.!í)!: tO l!)' urc- t!í.t'. U')(-'
s,\"stéíí:
íhú (j}?€'["It'-!l"i,'
u:
pc'rt ion
n tij'I i'
:YlÜTI"":"'T:',"
( ¢íl1kl1i$.)rl
) "
: 't
1 s
t Pa: ¢'i!",2uíi: e:'¡!
á'"¿': ' .
,
noi ,2 l!L': ¿¿"i.it'c']i!í¿¿! ad'-k »
.'jg
':.-'
¿::-.Yull:e.l
}): j" ¿i nu}l1i_)'_'1"É
fú.
:
:
¿
irí
(..'j.
The':
}
'c",
tlj í.i lohyrz'x
th': ranµt'
tú
lg
ij,z"j¿j
CUi
{i ..· >,í ¿¿7Yj , '"." t'!','í; ¿(g]}: l)Ü'"lL·|lí C lenicun". of' 2k byx-'-· tú: " íZÉ (j'f.)[i"l: 'l¿,¿:"É !
S!!
i?)"' c-u.
leu _\í
ÍJl_ Üb- Ésa>icP¡'ckz"-.-.cu' . .'..u
S·\""'ít: z:. an·l ¿iT
tiisk ()púraí
.
1_)í"t
)
t !
perfÜ1'i!jt,'!
i".j["t-;,:
ici/-'ú'
!Gíj-?
cÉtEcÉ."
u.:
Iü'"
$c'\-€'i"á
pj!"'- ig:í.
at't·
e'
.
u i',"'í; cj\"'- 7, ;"j t: I)' ' 1"1! t .It l t""'"'Sí"üE ¢ÍÍ;' pcr"í ícm L.")t' t tjf ' RÍ()" ( ( 'I) l i"' íü"X\í } Z {"'· '"it"' ' P ,' "
,n!7"'
jn".";¿í i(! ],'j¢_',i ;j.,;,··!lí'¿'\"¡"i"e¿'!-})'
si: u-'c! ciat: í á]"c-á"'.
'i'\','c\

li

:),(!":zR,íj'tt--!"jj

IÁ

! ;
; -

ni

t'"

::·,:-·A

:

'

T.,á:

t"7ít'

fíf'

:-·1 f/C '.

1(,

:

:-n.zt'

fir:

pro>'i

,.It:

¿¿'e

CjtÍK-'t

r "It'.

tlí:

N

i'í;

l

'rPt cl j íed on the- c()!}l|íj[ir)(: | l iñj' i:. an cipt ltjñ?í ]
af t t: T" t lie size s!"')c'ci!"¡cation.
Trj"<
! t" ,T"i
t
:
l }
i"ti¢j·
1j\.','{j
¿2r8ujÍ¡L.
l"'f"¢-':
\j'j
(jTft'-,
ci
ür
-'.:rí¿ .
M taken.
Aste'ris!.
-a
itct 1Qññ
.Ñi 7t"-',
iníage
p}"c")µi
¿"t:
t.'
and
1
the
simply
'í
Acatt' tht' systeni
to the speci fled
'\t?\"
("i. lit '"
.rt.'t,"tití
it' ll"i F!L'rl}'.)!"\" upor, c: c ittir'.g without saí"ing the image to gis!:
\'\"i } l
iniagc'
cí]¿iTact€'T"s
smt't: fy the name cd" a
i le undt"r
shnu
which name the
he'
'It no second
argument
writtc'n u") cUxE:
is given. tht' inia 'c \/\"i : he writu: rí
É'i
under
oí' ki !obyteA in
be the number
le r,aríe cif' S\'"SnrL!r.h[,\" where "nn" wi
a
the' s\".ste!]: S7 17c' ck': ,cv"i bed ahm"c' rounded
dov: :í to the nearesn
even numMr.

7M
a ".

>--'CÜ!i

'

I")

e i" l .-,:-.

t

"

ií"á:

'

íu-

"ñ"h

l'j"

}' i

( jt

!\

tí'h

ñtí

j't;'
ami

'."

:\,"znlt-

in-true'

t-

.

Placing

asrerrA

iÍ'yirl:
rt'"j: í

syi--:
t !)l?
i

i"

\"(

i'.: )\")t

>\>.(C7ll

tí

wh ic'!í

("). t"j )

argument
¿'

?l

ttjiíít

)" ]"e"cIn"'
µj"µ t- É-'[jI.

!

i

le

i' i

! t"

jj

i

the É$cjcjt Tracks, of a disk is done by LSPSYSGF-N
ist\-'
imníeciiatelr fol lou'insz MOVXSi"ü (im"oked with U"!.l_:
'
usin,ct
y FSF'M"SG!'.X
in ltlernorr"
the "Imape
seíecticm. cc p';."
\.\'.i
BPS}"S(-;!:
i'roní
and
MO\'XSYS,
X
invoking
th the n¿: !;'tf¿ lj
output
cm

clone

1")\"

.

2\i"€
\"( 'jíÁ

li

j!Í}¿¿µ'L'
P)'.'

my

i

.

f

;;,í-;--[

"l )"\t·

F° iCf",

,ís';L-: 7":j)

J'("í '"
!E·

F,/Í'

\"t"jjj r

Iii

":
c)í".

':"

In

K"c),l l
mucfí t .
oí
ten' \',' i t Ii t h'
the- ,\cm-!Sa'ñ: eci Mcme
by s.et t

in

'

l'l,S'

T Í)C
tt"ftj'

1 i ",7

B/P

MO'/XSYS

Fk\g\Kl.!) éqú,'ítt.'
í'
(set] i C'

1\'(.'.

tcj

Thi-'

4Ai.

sc'íi

tht·

'J"i!!.ñ"lC^

li":
íht." !J'Ll·-: .". .i !
t'c|úáF€' [("t \'!.5
iá'?
acjc!e·!
Ví'\'XS}"9
iiiuú mav thcn M
.t g'·t \i'z i f"': : '- (st-u."
}$Qgj'
rroi-iuctE
íju:
.¿t.}ljlj7·E(}
ítu-í
?1
S\"Stf3]í,
l-f-]
i!"ip J'L'..íf"
t..} i} Ic)
ía: !.)""(. :
CU
cle'.scr;pt
kc'f él" tc' c'h,'t;"'u. r 3 f"ül" a ñlcA"€t conip!c'ie
ion
the lnsral !: icm

sin 1'

needs,

anti

E!OS

ll"í-7

'\Ío'\"("'y):

';-v€'Cí

!"é'\

it

.

process

.

MOVXSYS

6.16.2

E

Message3

rror"

m'** Start <
:\ sUe

800OH
\"áiüe

I!!

,¶í¿it_[!rL{? ac!dreAs
u'hic'h
ü£"iLÜt>
was specified
ce CPR
", Ñ)üílE.
iÉÚÑ-z
tha:
since'
32k
base'
acidre.sú
!cñíer
(().
.Tj-j !"li)
of memory
in
the
CE-R
l-.:
be
MUST
be
banked, the
in the upper halt üf nienmry.
rruiy
ct'cute the
apair' v\') th an ad :usted gj¡ 'e specifícat ion.
proµrarñ
a

****
!"¿}.-.2"-)l-)lt'
{)r

Create Error
':
'hí' p1": -"i,:: raiu
L,"\¿}>í>

?2!'t.

!
Cf-"\üi

t"-.: l i

'.l

'.i

ct"t"it u thí' spt'í: i ! led iii ñf: ry
'csitt' P!"c?tےcte1: : di,sfettt.

IJÜT

-

cIt i"'jclc;i"yF

lilt..

üt: 't nui
g: " baG

ñitAi i:

(t :" ! "\ '¿
.

****

.-'\t)

}·'(_)'-,s]l):
mj: ü..c

c-

..Exiting

Write Error.
c:áíj'-t-

.'t

TTi" t!'ü

('{-¿"-!l're('

l-'"!"";"
¿'¿i

;jÉ-.

l

a

nñ-·'íi

j¿,

\',tiiii'

u!"

Close Error !
'\: ' l' t" ' r ocjü i" rú !
"
Ult. :líí"' i: u"z: a! i\"

¿jj"

\'."tj',

íht-:

:f"}

error.

l\_c

Ljl"

c?

s¡r'Úcii'ieLl
üí.s!: with

Í!á'.

}jil"L¿¿_É\"

o npúi
jnadL"qL: at¿'
st J¡"(Áf¿'

****
ot'tpí,t

j

****

Size

tk.ui.

U: -

l'.u: tns-:tt

****

Bad

be

must

:\l't','.:B\¿:.

Syntax.

and

118

it.

i¢j¡]Q',\

v)

MOVXSYS

"ynta'·"

t"
1\.'

\i"!t

n

ir:
-:

"

()j"

t h'
i c c' : (;""'
cij"s\"¿' ci"rcú".

9í r""'

'

" ' ' ' "'

' " : 'í· ' ' "\

(riu: i,M'" o: X: smc": :1
u: ' 1r\"¿i!.j': i s!7t"
:'Ú7ú
¿$.¿i iu'nec!
specif"ií'at íof.
an
r

!...

I!

µro;z :aí:í f't ¿::"¿!jtlL
Ét\"2c"n [j'j¿'
ijQ.

tht

['íEen}l);
¿'a n!e']}:

:

in 39..63 I!
'\\itñ

\·,,i'i J7}"'.í."5}.-: .'?i
á2.'
in
r'r('µl"¿i!;

"f'lít-

í',"anUÑ

\\'i}j
cl.-: t-

//

ÚMt: C!.

c

un: u: '.,c'd ítnti
NÚt?

Mmí-in

L

cou l{Í
1)\"

: ícn

¡"fq¡"":

etítc'mnc':

:"

lj:

CiCu

ifi'.

wh,t'

.\

.\.'

B/P

EllOS

6.1"7

PARK
i s

PARK

UTIL!T1ES

-

Drive

Hard

imp le 12,/1" '.'t
the des},?na[e(i

Park Utility

Head

rout ine that níores thé-' Hare! ñrivt· !nmcis on a) ]
drires to
tandinµ zone {also caí led shippine or park: zone) i f
c:
When
defined for the type of ontroller/Drive in your system
all drives- arc'
a
HALT
parked . the uti lit;" executes
instruction
which requires', a hardwan-'
To avoid the puss,ihí
sequence
reset or pcj\4'er-ot"i'/po'¢.'er-on
to overcortit".
iity ot
Hard r)ri\"e (iarr|a?c by renjc)\"in?
fi"om drives whi le the heads
power
p(")sitioned
ate
O!'
F'AF'K
.should
alwm"s
he execut€·L:
hard drives.
over data storage port icjñ>.
C'(_){!l!".|[Gt7"
JUl"
recorurnendat
ion is pm"t icular ly
tu turn!nµ )"í"'j!"
pr
off. This
c)i1"
wfj: - rt'
important fur drive: -. w!"íicZ do not feature automatic hard park.in;z.
.suc'h h,írd"n'are
han'e
i"ai
led.
featurü
P.jRk

a

6.17.1

Using

";jj !"1
thu-'ceac h.

i }

s

11\"

PARK

l i i
ty is, g.; híip ly c'?t i lúd \\'í { li ÍJ("j ¿i1"#Ljn"l¿"nt.¶ . íínj >,éqüt": M ial 1\" scan: -" ¿·ii :
ñ,-ü_¢i
'
Un i
PO"rSihlC
i.'i ;\"tj tlñjTG.
Üt:
Stop
exücuting the' SCjSi
t " cc)nuíí¿in(Í
.ij¿;,',¿
\\'íaúr'
tlm-ubt."on
processed, the r1"oce6s("}T disabíet i:
wñu,
a
í>,í ruct ion [q precürn tht units
í:-'Zjí
ru["Ét'·} anti e:·tÍL'L¡tt::fjofít b€"c(7: !lil1? i":
1)\',?-Í!7$t2C!Ll5..'l",'
i!"):
¿ít-'i' !\"áU-n'
Xc)rl!í:
d]]:¥",
o:_Üc
-,tr'j!.:'tiorír.
cyc!iñµ' tit ' Ty)'·\'c :" '
t!_ic'
t)rLg;sirl.}'
comput e i_ \.i"i i ! a! !Ü\4" proct'.'o
the F,t'Stñ !')'-"!i\..,"_|
or
iñ;j i [i ; t'".ú!r. .
>1'\"€·
lc)l".'í1í,:
/.',f
l): ."fo{"t:
"!'
tlithi:
íz
3Ir.í)'-;:
(."" t"
!L'\l
fj· :"
t,.' ,\."
$-"i;¿.-í'.
'
tí; l
c:
u:
\-cc!

ut

all

it'·.'-i;t
?'h

in

Uí j ]
;'"\_j'.jí-",.;
It:
: ")

6.1 7.;'

!!]L!t',,-,L'j:
[ 1.\

-í

PARS..

+++

b "
j 1
-.

L

Not

ilt

Zú: 'G"'"-

Can't

doc-"',

****
rM

hc·ati: -,
changf-"6 ciurim
T)c,Kcrir)tc): ' Fsi"c!

\"'-

"

j

: :"- |¿"\}í

i-t':

( i',

'

Ü!"!

rrcn;
sh'"u!'.

iin'i

(íj't\"€'"..
( ": i

>'!'1

t.j;..jf

irií"

\\ i'

l 'g t.'

nc': '"rúí'i !

l")Ec'c): :'""-

t {"; , L ( } ,É i"}";
ope raí ic: :í.

:"í'Y!É

cu

I

:

u:

.

!J'-';

jjí:

j"'bi 'fj g

t'

+++
e": ccu t:'
a : [ c' i"t"¿i

i'\l

e

ht'

tr

uri':":t'r

¿j

ioc'"tticur,

M')"
c ]"

CAñcl"
\"11 ! i-" tí' ?-

t'\¿Vi
ñt't<.l

!.',/'1
.
'.""ci

;',\".tíñ..

c.':

t

ñc-

I :-

:

aborting
hii-Á'l [l)

...
l"

i!iit"'.i

'"gu'"

this type of Controller! +++
u:'utt'j with a typt' OÍ (ontro!le:
Llni "

j eríient

Block

,.':

",',¿i

t

!.!a: .

j\'¿j.¶

not im'
SCSI
Thu
u'"iinú

1!ic.' ic

Park

}'i\P.!k

ÜHtl

M- --

Ellos

>'

;i't:

,.

r

(.-

vy)s

cc rllodí!!'"i?[io!";·
cÜrrE'cL!'.'
i'?;€'!""i[tl:
+++

' 1l

?. i !. ' ,' '.
-"
. .
.
i','
"
'"ii'.
i.
.-

[i

i

-

i:

l

;

B/P

.-\.!

iit:"-

i:

"

Length
tl 1()y íioe: ', nc'"

Stop

Error

t

S(j8l

i"unct

ion

o1"

üj"irc'

In

the

it :'

}$,tr-.

.

!

s,úppí'rt
the F>: tendt·d L'omnían(]gí
nc-ces: ",m"y l(": ;';: ".·
'
8CS4
i"i"íjs
thü "Stop t:
Function.
is nio-'ít pj"(Ñ)a!): \- ch-ii 1()
i!_.'l:\"
[.,"[tss¢'}":
ecii
oí
vmich
tht: Bios
altered
ar
tljé (: (")rlif:a:}.:
t"T
i,':"i\"c'
ijm"tí
i'unc't
Újt'
ion which
Gltí'.
the raíuü>.

euMr

returns

i

! T
,

SETCLOK

SETC'LOK

6.18
Thi

77/!'

Rea!-1"ime

-

CKcK

Set

Eí!O9'

LJj'lL!?lij:

,

Utihty

CIOCÉ
tí"\jtii
a
a FI/P F'icts
pMsica!
ut i i i t y pi"g\" i CiCtG a uieans cji' s€'Tt¡n?
"j..'_)(: Kb.l)!\'i"
i
in
the
ZSLÜS
c lock contained
ibrary.
presents a siniilar irnerIt
l uti
face to the ZS1)()S
iity TLsr('].(.)K fj"oRÍ which it was derived.
sí

6.18.1

Using

SETCLOK.

is invoked by entering its name with an opt ional
init ial te,qt ing. or tryinsz different clocks (always
simply enter the uti iity naníe a:'n

SEI'CI.OK
For

e].

':'Icx:É:
a

Í)J"

XumMr.
procedur-

í\'t?l"

cian?ef"ous

SETCLOK
u'i

You

I!

custom
]ir)r¿"tr: ¥".

be

£'j"c'ci

[
o: "

}

.

aüked

cIocÉ.

a

c'ñt€'í"
You wi

ihí"ary.

whct7: t:c

"n'"
i l

"l"lí

!

"

tíh

vd"":

¿"i isc"

}
fi ;"rj'j tire u" iru
to cut r: tc i cIoc'F g'. t i"oe1 ¿2 :7'iram".
fi"cA?i
cfüc-!'.
\"Oú
tCj
a
\',í"'í'í
u"e
IÍ'
the prepare': ! ·'Ñ".F.
1>
the cie!auir síc'ttinµ if" a '-'¿írri,·: 2"í' b"j"iur: í i '. {. '" -·!' !
ul"lk€"(j f"o1" thc ioc'at icjñ (!..'.!"i\'e/[ "c'!" ) ú!' the' c1c·c'É.
'.

7CCu

a!"!"r',",t'7"'

r'rí")T}}T)

n

í.

sL"q.\jÜncfj

ñ)"í"t

appear

a".:

Extract Clock from Library ({Y]/N)
Location ot CLOCKS.DAT [BU: ] :

:

_

_

i :
ah(7','c'
s7iRjI7i
; "
t iq i
:
c" t."roul: 3T
"vi'l l ]
Pl"Q'^': !j::\"
'
a|\'-"¿q': g
i l)C ,',...-' '::z.íí"renl
ai"ic:
'ít"f,':
",ií:
nñc',':
n
as
! ':
ú:'tiú"
drÁ'r
l!.,
\"ouí"
:
:
",'"ji:
t': le i'. (")1. t!,c. c2i"i"cñt
cij"i\"c- á!2c1 PL."!'! ic.
l\-](")E!u'¿"(l
tbú
t ' u: "j .
.
\'i"i
-.
Í-"":
p):-"' t': -j7jt!{7
CA-tac!:
i"'\"ir';-'
¿íj"¿"¿....
,:
i Mu! >;)ú¿
'j!")!CI:}l'
íhe
rz't!L-.-{:
t!"
t!"n' }-"jj"!L
lc': 'á:ior, é."!' 't: "it_' ['l-(""tr.ú: .!.).-".! ! . ! e . Ü :" ¿_7 !t.: '.t'[jtiC)!"l ¿Ácc'es:"}i7)lt.'
I'
othUr"}',"1jt
!(.'c;"?jl{")]í
¿"..ti"
l'C'
'.:
a
:
"Árt',".iy
c)'
tg)ÍÚ!'
'",""
>a2íl'!"l',
entcr th:
rr' .
1'()
j(i'A'¢',"i
1\
C!_Cí .'ás
:1
árÁ It car"iazc
Cc) 1.')1,
: '.-'·. :
re turn .
.lis: c·; ore' !" 4 "
,,
.
.
.
"1"(.
a\"al]¿ibjc' : IücÉ", i',"j i! e!)¿")t-'cL¡'.
"cüí'cr ("flt-' of" these clock c1!u\"u!"s. c'!2ié!_ t jÍ'¿!
(j'("): "T"€"A]'t)")(":
n!Á;: l|)L"j
v\ :
in,.' 'L o Uit' C >cK. . mA tht-: proprat,
do the !"€'gí .
'\&j ,cm"
·-'
\A.j
lznAtui
-·j';
·i"\'t-j
'h'-'
"!OcÉ:
ioacied.
c-)'.
j:
Áñti t: '"í:L'C[l{:-":l.
Ct1l\"t't"
IS
·ti:
lIjL'"Ñ¿i2f.:>
bti-l
!
! l'
Yi i } !
¿¿ i
tiít· lmíe anci T inie rcaci 2 i"orr t hti
,!x" ! il??-'g}g}¿Áµc
gnc: >, 'ñt' i l .
í",,,/i'
'the"
]{)'.'.t?("!
1")\
isin"tÍIÁF
t!"jí'>:
>¿"L;:¿'
t"i.o:k was Set Ok.
clo)-. tí\i

j'f"i\"t.:

I: '.

y"\'s-rL":
.
¿ t

!

"t

i"

?'

;.'.

l)

;;í;'-.Tí"

:

t

tM

If

'j

ria

ciiüer

;

i!':
Ul

í

tí:

türnat i\"új y. a clock dri \"c'¡" [}j¿;\' be se fecteci for automat ic exccuí- lot) acccmci-To use this mde. the ("!-f)í K'\.Í).· i'
inp' to a speci!"ícat ion on the coníniand line.
I)ü
f"i le must eithci"
I"'rive and User, or on the cúTT"c-ñt
in the curi"ent!y-iogged
the syn'ív: for this merhoc: c\t" sot-drive with thí- PÜl'.lic Attribute bit- set.
tiñfz the !S,/i' ,"iuS clock is:

.Al

SETCLOK
where
t' j ! c'

.

alias
l)c)(")tt'\i

12íj

nn

"nn" is a nuníher c()rr€'spQn(iinz
to onc· o! tht' clock> in tñú ('¡-()'.-'F.g..I).-'Y:
'!
hi ". niethoci of Q'9l"át ion rúay be usíect tQ set the bicis c lock wi t hin an
vt'ht'n { he C(")!]"l!"-!t fil r i :
such
sc: "íp2
as 9! A!Qj)'i i', ( '{))¿ ccminion ] y used
' t": !"S·.T

E/P

6.18.2

SETCLOK
oí"

S.jñÑj'

thc
'fjhtst:

pro?rarli.

Messages

Error

t'rrorx in the
íonsi

crroí>

$í,'lt

by

útil-tu" are fzéñemteci

iÁíh

Cit

su

it

in locating Clock fi1e
-- Error
This routine could not find the CLOC.kS.bAT Librarj'.
the library either exists in the current Ly-íogFíed
directory.
can
the

PL"Lílic

()t ht.':
dr ¡\"c:

feature.

C'Í"i"c!!"'4
"

:-j-·]

arc'
i

t'c'ted

or is a'."ai!abie along the

generated in
t()ií tht- c! C'CKS

-- ErrorT!it" Opening
g.L'lí.'ct(:
!"

"iyj-

:t

: (v.: !"

jj

Oftz't.

nt'."-t
i yí.}

r

j

-- Erro: " in
'

'i

T
I
(.-'i(.),-ü

>¿'l{¿': 2¿.i

"L_l

\j '

L C, : l-

'" '" 1

r'

x"í:

11"!2

extract
Such

eI'"r(jr:

·:

and \"a!j[i.ñ{
conñ·,t :."'] :

inµ'

tnc-

:

fn.ft

in

C1Í"

'the ).i!?l"ar\"
thú' C!()'""KS.ñ'\"!

ctv'j:
t'i!C-.

!

!"'l-

;7._'.1-

c"';"'t: íc·:.

it

!"Qt' :'.1 .-: !"í

í i"íjTi.

I tí
i
.

: i ' j ':

l
1Y"CJl,
:.
.
ü'": f_i"j""Lli}:-]c)l'

i

t "

n':
ut'

( ' ! (.} t R

,'

1 l C) : ,"

/,'( u ;";"

i

i "i ,"

, , .·, :i

1 ,

f'Át.

(!()Lf-: µ.'f),·".l

t!it·

clockname

:

cr-c: l'l

" '"

(i '" ! ', c :

'.' :'

dr'n"t"r

c()r"]"L.ll't](Íí:
¿t fíC
"' T'i
t T \ (t;it

':

t

i r;

"i

t t;"

')"

lC'tl

'

"C

Á"ji;i"

¿,jl'l

-j

C t- "" t 1 ' "

; ' '

!-

'l

I

: "'

'"

.

-- Error init1a1izin9
:

(_'l(_)L: 'k

("} " ' }. "r T" . ,: i
,
¿.;".í.;j ci"j: - jt.":

:

lihrarr.

found

Path.

LXjS

of"

process

Insure tnn:
be

clockname

:

t. " " t" ,." ' '

1",'.)

.'-

,

/"i

the'
.!i.\'i

U:

Reading

.a.: ]

,: '

íittt'

|";¢¿{.,'R.t )j7

-- Error
"' 7 i '

to!)-iL'\"L:

the'

:

This is only for Z80 type computers!!!
This rout irte wil i only operate with Z80 or conípat ible process('/!"g.
is a B/F' F: ios ütiiit\" which is also restricted to these types.

+++

since

SEJ"CLOK

UT!L1T!!-""

EllOS

'.'.," -,

DAT
"n

",",'}T]t

file

:";üju

} I,

'Flí i,

t'";¡j'"'

I

i

Pit"

í'iui

>.b"'

jÚl¡

': \".

overflow in DAT file
1híIC\"
a! Ioj7ü- ic.u cdr: "¿'r ocLurzec: lh Che c Q¿'j.. r(: í:.|í trc' i': Mc'.
:
j{'¿í:
[€-".i
:7j-'llic)f"\"
c'áú',¿·;:
Tñi g, shot: ! :"i nm occ-'u
ñc a'
to 1): .· ¿FL'ee(!L'["i.
r in c·iñ;" 0^
} i?):'F{'"\
ííg
M-ii.
Ci"
Icá',:
nía;:
t
bt' exr)e: "i¿'nce(l
i t Uc" >"2 mic'l
:
!\"ú > .
ji7': a u.' ñt :f
ÉC)!!c")'\',£'(:
}
M"m"i cic·i"el[?l'][!' ¿; c-u>t[)Él! clock:
.
Memory

--

Still
t.

rou
t'1"

: \..

R!t

oíhtu"
c1"!"Ür.> ]"'_" j ai e
\i"tjc'tí]z"j"
i t iA ti"oñ':
tríe'
I!'hí'se
ir]c!}j{"i(-':

tite

Üíl'
and
reí'. Éinzz
c.'iock
Lim: ary.

lirú: inµ
loaded

c)i"

oí"

rhe

sE"}ec[Úc!
a StaIlcialorl€'

as

c'lú_i_

drí'. -

t'rrclrj.

.

+++

Can't find

: CLCCKS.DAT
couici
not iinci the
it' ar atteuípt i> niíúlc to use a
in r.hc currt--nt i.'ri'\'L-/L'gj¿'r,
via
SP"!"J1_,(.'R

be

tCj

seeri

M found
Put It.

+++
lñ.m."t·

thí:

Error

"

j\;j
i ii'

on
L',
E"

file

¿cj;"
j
, t

rt-ierenced clac!: fi le. This errcr" ','. ! !
standalone cic"ck driver \'\'}7ic'li couici nc't
the PLlilic atzrÍbme.
or ¿jjoñ£! the }.}."·,

open
\'.'ñi if-: t '"}"] n ?
o'-(-',!r]"Li
\'1¿f'
(-'i.) r :"ú'- 1. ! \" a", -,z: n"L!?·!¿c!

Zc'

ai'i

C-:
:

,'íjt
t

,"y

::
a¿;a

k,ia!j'.: ::!Fj:}L'
] :".

i;

Í('f'¿

?.

fj;í..

.

1?1

SETC!-OK

B/P

BIOS

l!T!f..!TIE3

Error sizing : fn.ft
: /;rjF-:
The se lecíed
y,
c lc'cp- I i lei contained
t?rron€"c)ujj
or 1n'\",-!¡c:
!
It" this
inf'orriíat ion.
is repoi"tt": Íroní the CLOCKS.LA'I file', reloi"Á tíítÍ file
from your ZS1X)S
backup
disk and try aµain.
while ioadirµ a
If it is reported
standalone clock. i t is l7lOSt often due' to incorrect
spec
cat ions of' the'
(-'SFC3/D.SM;/N"amed Corrinion areaÑ within
the clock template.
insure tht:t the' c lock
specifications
tOl lüw'eci. reassemble
wert'
the driver and try again.
+++

ifi

Link Error : nn in file : fn.ft
An error occurred whi le ! ink ing the re ic'catable code
Thu "nn" reported
driver.
to the exact nature
is an indicatcm"
Consul t the authors
cannot
resolve
you
the
error.
if
+++

1\.\1-)
e: "rcw"s
are ir)ciícatoi"j} that erro1"'¿ c)ccUI"rt'(j cU
' ink{..(':
If" either
lías been
loaci'nl.
and \'¿Qi idated.
clut.'
oS"
tCj
CIC'CR círivc'r,
gn-'j€"j[ 1(ji"'
an incorrect
is n|c)",i. Qj : e'í
harchi'a: e cont rol i Íñ2 tñf' sc!t'cít"d c X"\ct\.
()jj aictn"ai itYí: -, ft)
which a!tm"et! tht' spt: 'í"'it led inít"·rí ¿íc'é.

final

The
cir l\"t'1"

.

f'r(7lí\ ii
of" the

after

che'

i'-, ñí'.j"it
\_¿ñut"'

Éií: -'

u,'.g't.

'Á"í'-'ñ

("úcc'í!_"
probienis "n"iíí"i
Íiít k,.'i' !üí": u

cu":
í.!rí\."t'!"
c{"'ul{j
¿"iCt1\"t' i-;'-)-:
rm cle'ü-"c1("u"
Mj-'7- ;jt";.j
th·:
iricoi"rc"ct dí"i\"£'!".
rt-'súit of' sÁ."'t'(-tirl2
ask-c'd l'o: " 'm"úz
ic acld'"egjÁ'-': -> i.\i" "."'2j'Í'_·: Z i','2'j: ;x :t"..t I': ft-..;.

12?

.

Ti

i '",

, "

: 1.

.

[ijf.,
{'C)C,'.-

"l i

i

g,

" :

'-

if

Setting
-- Error
"itíc !ñcr·
C' i t ", t,

c'loc'S

t!Í¿"y-!_

Not Ticking
--- Clock
The >tÑe"útúi
clmr:
(ji't¿"!"?

lock
error.
c

t?':: ' "

:

B/P

Bios Clock I!

i"Ll"".': ":¿'::
'a!

z :

u

—m.

:"'í'

"'-',í

e::"í".'"
: !}

t_ !'

:

;i"1j€'l: :níi!z.
i
\J!c> lw":
fyinz

',"!'tÁ

r[2

: ",

j¡

'j

y.'-

t l?t-"

i c 'a
tf">: :. L'.,

."'
:
'- ' i- '. .

"

! '. ' -

' - ,f
.

Display

- partition

SHC)WH1J

6.19

S'HOW!-li)

UT1L!TÍES

EllOS

B/P

Utility

is a utiiity which is furnished with rhú h/'p }-.ios packa7e a', tin md in
convertiñfz ex ist irisz systems
to h/P bios without !osinµ data. particular -ly t"'!)
spe':
Hard
ic to B/P Fnos and should prope·rly execute on
brives.
It is not
display the current Hard
ib! e sy.st éj2.
any CP/M 2. 2-compat
Its purpose is to B/P
NtQÍ.!"U?
Filos
conf
írí tnñei"
igure a
Mive Partition settinps so that vou may
code.
or in1a?e form lwi t!í !SPí'.\'FG) to ret'lecr the same part itioning data.
SHL'WHñ

if

Using

6.19.1
1'hi>

rout

iñ€'

aridecí.

not
"icj

SHOWHb

úcuu-"

eu:

i\j

It

it.

so t'ri íí"j V\ZÑ"f
which is normally infrequently.
baAic ut i
and
only operates in an interact j\'¿' híQcÁ
expects nú ar?u!|lents
Fili¡!"!y enter:

litr

a

.

SHOWHD

You

\',i

i

!

preget}íe{]
sanip!e

CjÍ

M
m
ti ':

Show

[)r(3n}!)[e(!

i!. i:
' ":'u: lgí'j

C:

Hard

a

lí"tin.z

sty

cir"j\"é
Mít'n
kÑtém
c'nit"rt-."i.
'-he' iQszica j pá: "awt'tc.i's.
ft';"

;."üu _" :
cji": "'.."t'.

ii

ttt'

1,¢.
."

: b :

Partition

Drive

Enter Drive
Drive:

j

€'ñtei"

t("}

",p!

Data -

[A. .P]

Letter

:

2

l
I

91

Nov

C
j
q
)

C
BPCNFG

Info

DPH

lb
l

Info

i

Sectors/Track
Blk Shift Fctr
Block Mask
Extent Mask
Disk Blocks-l
Max

Di

A11OC
Check

rs bytes

1

Si ze

Track Offset

6.19.2

Only

SHOWHD
one
+++

ntessaµe

Invalid
"fríe-

Error
may be

64

(same)

=

5

4k/81ock

=

31

·
=

1

=

4999

200OOk

=

1023

1024

=

FFH,

=

O

=

3500

OOH

(same)

Message

displayed

frorri

Drive : d
Lc-ttu- :',e!cctt±d

b: _n"t

Total (2500 Tracks)
Dir Entries

the
vcax

util ity.
Rot

a

valid

It is:
drirc'

uuhiri

tti/-'

Fiiü

123

.

El/P

SPINUP

6.20

SPINUP

is

Hard

-

Disk

Motor

a µenú,"ic 13/P
ci."i\"é.s.
moves

UilLiTIES

BIOS

Utility

Control

útil ity to directly control

the heads and motcrs ot
specified
the
hard drire unií to Ue
It
desiµnated shipping or park zone
turn the drive motor off if called tCi
Stop
the unit and that feature exists in the drive.
If called io Start the
unit , the drive rriotor
is turned on ( if" appl icable) for tbe speci f led drive
unit arid thc heads are positioned to Cylinder O. This routine mat be used á'-f
a
of
power
conservat ion feature where opei"at ion can be continued for periodu,
irííc'
from
i
F'lopp'c'
need
RAY
ic)
drives
drive
accem:
un t .
without
the hard
t
or
down"
"spun
been
has
SP!NUP
unit
which
with
Attempts to access a
will result
in an error.
This routine iq essentially
a gener" c version of PAkk (seu 6. I")
and is t'urnN-hscl
in squ!"c: ú cocie forní to denmnstrate methods of interf"acin? te'
Hard Drives fj-OllÍ Apj'} ii'at ion Progr¿ttÍls.
SP1X1"P

SCSI

newer

6.2CL1

utCiiy

l7C)ii'L'1"

i!",: "
cl : i
'
phy:
" ! '

f"o!" tí'-t;"
r'.ri[lÉ,"'Lr] }\" in
','.'tltÁC/
{ i CYí
dc:
".i
íbeneral
·':
]
í-¢i.
i\", on 1\"
':
', |j\'
!
l.
coníujan(i:
:
'.
ing
cont
ít-t

\',·:
7"\"a

í: cuis·.e

Stor,/st:

the

[t":

SP!NUP

Using

7"!"'ii>

tíÉc'

:r

li:

r: eaü".

E !":C

O'\"g;

an fi eu 1)l-' í '-y
-· c:Á
!ixr'?
1'¡'J\"l'
" .""
:uicl
.
\"F'r)

,

heads on
and rnay

the

' r- ' "

- '¥ ·

'

a '.
:

cl

(iCí\!,Z: 'l¿iZC':
C(:
(t;"guIj"!t t';

i-.?¿a(!l: },2

:

tj . F :

EÉ{'

)" '

""

"'
·

'" '"'

L

i

'L"

c"i': :

SPINUP
',',f;

'E','i ! I

i gí

iwj' u'
ylA,!)ú"

ii'
l

¿j--.

C(lÍ.)

l'":

"- '.'

t li

¿1i"2: 'j!':i.'r'}[

>tiírí It!:' ljj'

statu: Ñ'tt'j" ]s': "-ul!U
results oí' the Q!)t'rítt
Stc'!-'{'€d,
Stat tetl. o: "
-

t: (-'l

"íi:ic

i-'-

SPINUP
\U;¿"íhL'j"

í': !í·-':"t'

.

¿"i

r

'['

'\U'ítM

i: u'

^iti1

{

u

!CÜ'\

·

"

-

'

-O
l. 'l

[

>,i.,:

)3"'í:,',,.

ctl"l

,

ñé\í"t

c·

LCñ?z.

'ti inií
cmi !G+tj;.

syú.[c-ll|

St'Si
dr i\"c': re "mcnij
?_/í"
í,n: ! pc) .; : ]: v
niot
-dr i':
(.'C);}lRl¿i: É(1--!
::'"i.\1
! :",
$!-'Í
!'
.
: j L
"\i:tí itl i.- n i t .\"uI;"l!")(' r íuí
.
\"cilid '"nit \unI}-;'cr3 ¿j["\.

t!ic
Éizt'

Ci ,f

j":?"2 !

,':"1 {'.('t S.: '.:.

'_

b.: ítEUrµ"-opc"r:"í¿Ud

p:

n
tp}í-

É".

ll¿'¿"ic!y.

t nú
',;'"'1

i'

c:

rij

.

i:"i'.|}:-¿:Lc'Ej

éfi..Y\
111\"

':'

p¿")',gfj

t"

'ziii.l?l\"

t' F(j!!:
!?¿Á--)'.jF},:

" : ,:.'

:

;

:

,

'

n, i'·'·

:

O

ríioriiío.r',, thr urí:
the drive whei"í
anc
ret'orts t!ít' status
i g..
1()!""1
rtigcel\"el-!.
returned
kesults are
¿ílt'
as: the unit
2
l
below) .
ar crror has occarred see (). 20.
$|c)1'/Dir!'
í!",ti-

t.

c'c}l1lQ: ¿¿rlL¡

É'i"i\"é

lit r:l

.,

Lnit.
.

8F'7Hi1-'

cíf'

'

cí:
ÍCj
u) stop a hard t"i\'tü you W-ISl insure that acces>e>,
by
stopped
unit
is
the
riot
while
anr lo?ical driut.' un that unit wili 13PS\GAPqccui
(see 6.f') or aiterinp the Loñirnand
l[)>'i¿a}
drives with
either exchangi[l,2
ZSDOS
OQ>"í
Paths
Seam'h
yl"(")ces.so}" au: i
Ctility ZPA"i!!. For1)1" exarnj"Üc. j;
uith the
ire ií: . you
a
part ition on the subject Hard Di"1\7c ax
your system includes
ZCPR'l
M:
an"j 7SbO>
ami
l""trire
stopped.
the unit is
as
hme io#µt'd ontü a Fµ\\!
i n
Read
in
i\"nic'j)
Olí
a
l-rro: ".
j','j]] remiit
dri"ot A:
mat' atterript to f'inu tí Silt:
M:
is not in
this ttxarh;"))t'. ynü niiíy c'; tht-"r 'u'.,jµ cft"i\"c .·'.: \i"i[r) Id: . insu"inµ, íhaí
!'![")i 1| [': ¿Zl)j
Í-Í-I
A:
m-';
tuc'lude clru'e
ClÜ'K't"
íjtÁiÁ (jj"

PÁOl"

124

'lo

uiÁng

SF'IN'Í'

t3/p

BIOS

6.20.2

UT1L!T!ES

SPINUP

Error

or
fications
idem ify
correctly

Can't handle this Controller
The Controller
Type within

+++
SCS

aborting +++
made to execute
the Bios altered
the system

...

modi

t"

Messages

Not B/P Bios
An attempt was
made to

+++

Uní

S?!1Q!)P

!

Corrtniancix

Type!

SPUYUP under

a

the locations

Rios otht'r
or values

thn:í
needed

ti/l"',
[c-'

+++

the Bios

handle the '"Stop/Mti

cannot

":

.

SCSI Block Length
Error !
The Bios does not support the l'.j:tendeL:
Commands necesí,an"
Zfj t'-::':"i
the drive on and off' u": inµ the" ' Stop L"riit" and "Start Unit " SCM !'unc't icjñu.
1'his is rnosl probnMy d'.tt-' 1("\ chanµ.cu during an ec!i[/aNseni!): \" of th: tifj'-¿ Üiich
& i tí'í"ctíl
ei tl't- i" t!Xi' (""C)ili[É"i:¿!,..i hú"ci"i purr f$lück s j 7ú . Ql" the' Ei,tírd l.'í""i \"c' !"unct lot",
which I"L'íurn: -] t!"r" \ú'iittt-.'>,

****

**** Invalid
!Y)\-S

icai

Unit

#

"!"!ít y"'z-':
'l é-·{
Híc"ci !.U','. t- U!l;['>

ii

!
'.!12!
1-1}"€

i r}U!Ilbc'l" \\,'ái:
recogmzeci in

not

"'()"

!!,/1-·'

íñt.:

' }
,
'_,.

"

(g

"-""

.

i' ·."
t úl'

Z ".í"fj·

1 2,'J

B/P

TDD

TDD

6.21

SmartWatch

-

is a cus'tom]?eL"! \'erbiorl ot" the ZSljÚjí utility Ti-'.
used
to displm'.
set or upd: ne the b/'P l3ios clock.
only exists \i'itií the L)ai las SmartWatch
(bS-12i6L) or
Arrípro Little Board. Sli!SXj or YASBLC.
Using

v:

ith

ZSboSZ

sy: 3teÉ!l',.
capab:
JDR 3'Q-sjot-clc)c'E:
in

This

,

i

latter

i

[\"
üjé

TDD.

obtain>

'i"lji)

U"T!L17!ES

Utility

Support

TI?7'

6.21.1

FlltjS

the

informtion

and bate with a LXJS Function 99 and
Your
Mum have an instMjeci
systerri

'lime

system

your console.

on

displayú the
clock driver

the clock driver
to use this utility.
supports a set function, T!")l.) car: !'[-'.
If
DOS
Time
When settinp
and
99.
Date
usin?
ion
the clock. Tb!.' will
the
t'unct
L)[hA'}a!]c}
(:
i..int'
ope:
ive
either
an Interact
allow you to
driven ñiQ'ñf.
ratt' in
or
responcis

'!'Tí!..

obtain

thí' s[: ln'."!¿ír[i
LlSá,!Zt"
icf"
hr
duscr ij'í

a

'U.)

ot: 't

niay

jr.

a

cn:e': A,' tiic

lj"

ir,

cit'scI"ib€·{"1

?LcjUé".'-

by

te': :.

Sect 10!!

.".

l

enter ing:

You

iíía :'.

//

TDD
jo'.:

F!t:

: 1.(-'

c'\.É:

!7!"c': -:1 an,

!'t:

"'"::'í!!

n,íi'"c'

rm.í

tú

from

"!"ínít-"

t líe

c!oN.

S:\"S7lt"til

!"·y

:3

lhi]"'i

'.

c : '"."

é

tis:

TDD

; t

\","m

r'j 1'

chi"cirly

')2
j "{-'rÍtL"i";Il,':
", '

¿l

7'(,

j l "}
-

'

'!(0

!)a"

'

c

loch"

c

,

j13u

crz:

jz.\"

q e ',

i

[ ii'

jj ,"\

'."

5t"¿: ()!"Í¿!

!

'

' í "

tdd l'
í:
>,May
cc"nt inuc't:
Áj\" is a¿'pIL'>.gL'/: l hy

"

.'\

i

ht· ()§"gr¿li!}L"i-l
cT]teri: 2?:

\iñj

ñit_:\"

CIJ

r:

í

l !

t'pcl,í"t

ú"\"éí

r.

u'n

}

,'Z:"l\"

.

TDD c
T'ñt'

h\"Sí

Ioi

nanic-

él1"i

k

iO'-

C

:

!(")1\'c':

u'i!l then

i)ate f"iéií!'·
pc'sitiom
'thc

Cáú'jj"

be

'jjj"¡¿'j'

126

¿':

\",1í

iii

in

t!"it:

'Lnzer¿ícÍ
,i: '

e ["

l\"t

1'\"

níocic'

e1)LEjr};1;?

íli..'

;': '.,-r'..,.

:

askeci
v\"i

ll

to er,tc'r the date.
accepted (L S or

\u ll ("!isÍr}!a!-" tht:
either:

The prompt
au.
I"-urope¿;n)

be'

Enter today's

date

(MM/DD/YY):

-

[-\í

Enter today's

date

(DD.MM.YY):

-

f"urcmeai-,

t

)r!¿,.É'

{l{i{[-

and reí:
eníl"i€'q :-,uc!í ai.,
j":'..
t"t--.: 1:"l'i¿i.\L·¢l

rl

day.

{niünth.
u!

]Q\"¿:

rj":

'i

i')(ll"¿LnlL"1

s

in which the date
or

s+

tht' "S'

tdd
You

í"/t'

nimy

bµ

tu

ha'-,

:m--:i

t'ntL':

ec:

.

ht-·

rnaí"

an
: :.j;
y%.")U

lñ\"áÁ

either
iii ckiy

i

T}tú-\

\i'i

! l

:

eT!íI":

one
!'cu

ÍoTñü,1

or ['.'jo cíizns in
the cntcrt'ü: LñoñÜ2

é:ic!:
vA

: !

Y.

be pl"c)[r!rte(j

foi"'

thí.

cui"rc"m

7-

,rnt.

8/!'

v:

! i

\"ai"y
i
ivt:
Reiat
counter

Thz"

p: "oííípt

tñt"

Ljij'

"I

UT!!-1TltS

EllOS

ciepenc6:
Sú>L5t

iµ"

ítuít-

on \\"hetnei"
you a: "ú u: ·jnµ ci Rea! Tinic'
í"Cjf a (- lock.
The t\\'o prümj"'t :> ¿j;"g;

Enter the time (HH: MM:SS):
Enter the relative time (+XXXX):

Real

Time

- Kt'laíive
-

CAr-?

c:

.

'

úluck:

íóuntúr

Tirüt'
is. assumed
ttj he in 2'í hour format when a Peal Tinie Clock is beinµ usect
bt.·
Tli&\"
Seconds
orúi t teí! "n"hen
When the relat i\'é cioc'k i ",
set t in,z the c lock.
a
tt\c^ count
used.
Cc)uq"+' rnusí pref
to which you wish tg set the
Count: -, ft"oh: +() to +'j9'·)'·) are T)er!]i!Ttel: l.
t c' r .

ir

relative

tlíc t iníc É'izt ry is erí'it'd with a
A
I)l' au[L)[Ílaí ícal íy set .
níessape
ti : r pcMñt . the next kc'y depress ion
ÍÍF' C!OC'k . TÍj i: -} procU(íu]"t.' ai 10\'\"5 you
oric gí ths mny ¿;tj j'.j !"L1É c" t iní'.
sou 7"c€' >

VJKtñ

carriagc' return, the date and t irtíe
v\'i ]} prortipt
you
to press an'i" key.
(other thao shift and ccnt rol l \4 i l l
to accurate' ly synchrúni 7': the t imc"

noi

lla"]¿í ' WífY"ttUI'"
Écji :O".'cj
by tho' c1,-ttü
ii";-, (}/" í.L}rc)!"'L'¿i!],' tui
"i";"'t.'
c'í'u: É ú:
l7m{"c)li"l:

T i :ii :'

¿'¡.:

.

').

"i

t

itn

\'.

.

1")\"
iatecí
t i\í_ c lüc'É: j "'
enícrinµ tb'" prü'"rmi ñáij'
f)'!"l!:
The date níu:
be in thc: CQIIécL
t 1ñíÚ.
cj;ñ !c7xÜ
"i ¿j (, ¿.)j!jn}('n'"j
It" ari error
gíjñi i'nírtíci "!'hlm
Cí'"túCtt:
i! i:
is
,
íÉ'.-- 1() !,'k'
iñít"í'ac't j\"C m'ociú' an': í :-)]"oQ¡l)t> f"-;ú'" Cúitt' a: Ñ

it

t}"¡';

'í";ú:
rj

,'u
s.t:

init

ui
:',nci

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Configuring

4&.2
7':

:t.

j
l
'
L e <-,t;' }' ! )t,' .

! :

"ñ!

.

íj-

,
L"ú
:
1)!(
the
;,"..;¿-'.j
l' L -f-'g[ I P!-.
in tlÜk'F
to: "rmn cd ñK"x!í j"..
, '
1,5'
Sep IS, 19&S'. or the í'ui'opean
and 1111 Ñt7j"\" :':tyh:
Sep
ei' :
: :k.:-.·.i:'}L.
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1""]
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z
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I
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7
i
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tñíi "ii-' 71A:
on
t"!lYtrih[:
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ciÁ '.
.
CLS'S-

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-'

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:

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ñ

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Tb

Error

Message-t.

F

;"y-': " lift- - -á,'ijt"
2\
n{,)\'\: ¢ '. 'm l
t
,
,
SORRY!

lt

t'.":
Un- i

'"

'l {.}
cíl

t

,:

í

',.()\

'-,in,ij"'

tí
t.'

['lj'.l"1

le"

¿ijkí

!lt-" ! c'

art'

l?íO: -',t

ty

SC'

ii -eTrla!]¿ii(";|"\".

.

'l'!'íí

***
\'.'itt

g

NO

!

-

ZS1X)S

or ZDújS is requi red to run this program!
tríeci tú run this v.'ith someone
e1sc's Dos.
t'i": "or abort ;-j to tlui (jc)rÍ}n1aI]d
l"rocesscm

L'sc'

tíbL'c'>

Clock Driver installed!!!
u) retn-i a clock which doe: -: not exist.
lns.taC
7ñi>. error aborts to the Command F'rLjcegkgj.")1".
again.

\"(ju tí'it'ci
S!"R-"í'/S'l
and

¿,

!'f

';"!Otn.

trr

*** Clock
tiF!!fE

7
i. : '.!

:"

.

You
zi)lx)g

i-c

i'itE

'I'hc
7"i".'.

does
cl(_)c4

Tli:

'-

NOT

Support SET!!!
t\'i } } ñQt permit
dí"iret" on u")ut ccmiputer
¿ii){."")l"
L'í_í"í""'i
t :"v to the Comniancl Processor.

\"03

[(_1

s¿«

ti: ':-

1 t) 7
t ~·t

B/P

TDD

EllOS

UTI!-!T!F9

B/P

Bios to use!!!
utñitr" only t'unct ion: -- under Fji'P 15tcr'.. It j"cA-! are ug·'!')??
Biers and thi s message
appears, it is most probatAv due to edit/reassenibú"
the Bios source which altered c'rit ical values in the data structures.
Must

***

have

This

Hardware
Since

***

Type
TÍ)D

will only function

if

Not

Supported

of

!

***
it
is integrally tied to specifüicj hardware
platforms.
the running conir'ácer
is one of the types for which th':
in';4enienttd.
This error should not appear un1ess
the

code has been
.
.
"S" corñman - 1>
jssúÚci.

correct
"L"'
or

Insufficient

Memory!
++
of' ara i laS le memory
base
has been
reduced
for the portion of 'roo which is relocated to high memory.
is the aát"!it ic'n of' Kt-c' icknt S\"stéjñ Lxtensions
cause' of" this
1Í"m
TE'!'{?}"É£:
.:i
"!"1'.1
1(.^ hú
¿p:
m"
bc'lcm" $Ü()(lF!.
t!_it'
top
++

The

*** Error
.-\;¡

/"iátt-'

¿'.ñci

1>á',u€·

a

t: tnje.
nrc!íÍD[

in Data Input
iñ\',ií .lC) ch¿zTacTt."T or nun:lj€"i' í\"á: '4 entt'reL.;
This c'rror Vfiií cáíj9A' t ht' Interactiu."
tíj re-e'ní'"'" l¿"·"Tl-U'. ("!¿"it€-/rí[!!: -:.

be wheel
to set clock!
¿i
An ,zl l C1bL?t
S.t'! tFiu
\'./í', m': l.
{,'"y,: .)í.jS2'
7Sl': )í:'i{:-' t i,";'C: :- i ,' c)}" 7.j": . "i" [(7 i,ct
{ g.¿'t:
(3· : ' ' Í (\ !
'L hr
l' >, a If
(.
rlí¿1:
]'L3'"} }t
!"
:"
o
:
/ n
,,
.
to t"iC (Qn}}!lar""} }',c)>-°>c';.

***

***

Must

have

ZIBO

Processor!!!

***

Must

have

ZIBO

to

****

be

',i"hen
l)!'")clc'

!0\'."

that

needed

The
(KS?Á)

mos t common
whi': -:h CaL"¿.: -.r.'

tiu'im'
to be

ii"" :>C :
t'!7tLIt.'L"l

t

!Iz

Czfi"i

Must

i

121-

H/'í'

Set

: :\_)¿.'k
:z
'; Cj

No-Slot-Clock!!!

Can't find No-S7ot-C'iock!

"\',á)

r

-' >

'-ii: :2'-)Li2
it! '\'·ñt"g']
" '

\

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,
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fi

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c" ""
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':'
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.

-.

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.

.
"

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ClOt'

6.2?

ZSCFC'.Z

ZSC!-G?

lj1"!Ll7!Lü
ZSDOS,: '

-

Utility

Contígu ration

iyurc' \"7iric)u: 'i paí"arnete 1"5 l'Í' ¿j :{>!'».'¿ " ('7r-r¿: t imJ!?[C": 'ElCti(3I?
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iri tl!j>. manual due 1(") the'
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l
1\"
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and
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the
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part icufar
L.SCt·G2
operates ir: e: t!u't_ a: i ini t'rac.í i\'é (ño\"i ce ) or comrrtand ! irte driven (eu: pert ) rrmde for ñiÁ"\, [r!i'-¡lj! f}E"ú.il")i .i it\" and ease of use.
vour coriipurer i t >
If
1\"
i"umíinc
ííP|-'.3.
t?;í' Z: í F.t!',._ir(.];"íRl¿'nt
is aurotnat ical
detected and ZSCFG2 \\ í l
i S_)u'a'>
tc':
enl7an: {-·
',"ÁiC'fj
and
ljÁt:
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citt r
cursor address ing
the ciisqüay.
i-ti-?

1St

i ',

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Cfjñf

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rro,: í"('.l';l

a

i s

c'ii'

lnc]Uí"jcci

in all of our supporú
enter in.t' t ifé naruc f'ci

As
by

routines,
lowed

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hiúá

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toc\i

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as

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ZSCFG2

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by

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B/P

ZSCFG2

ZSDOS

...Configuring

Ver

2.Cl

Z3

Environment at
Path Address
Wheel
Byte at

ZCPR

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
T
A
C
M

Entry

to

-

Public Files
Pub/path Write Enable
Read-Onl
y vector
Fast Fixed Disk Log
Disk Change
Warning
Path w/o System
Attr
DOS Search Path
Wheel
Byte Protect
Time
Routine (Clock)
Stamp
Last Access Time
Stamp
Create Time
Stamp
Modify Time
("X" to EXIT)

Change

:

:

YES

:

NO

:

YES

:

YES

:

NO

:

YES

:
:

Enabled - Internal
Enabled Addr = FDFFH

:

F168H

:

Disablecl

:

EEB2H

:

EEBCH

BIOS

:

FEOOH

:

FDF4H

:

FDFFH

tjT!1!T'fN'

_

RL]lÍlí"!c'r
C!_l't'
T!"it' íyps oi' (":nL:I"(tt in: -" X.\": -Átjtll ami \"E-r\.jÜn
t'i i"! t '.ti z;"'l?: "\"t-. . f't . ! : .':"'
:
l"t£!¿'dL·cl.
L
:
;
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no em" i r{)1}l"ltE':
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t'"L!;\'¿:

of"

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€'7]t: -'.rIn2
I!" \"c)u
se

the
íect

number
nuníóers

or !ei.tt-·r i'!

ít'ít:
ari':
í
Oñu

betwcen
arxi
t:it'

ñk'ñÍ-:
f'i"o!í: OFF [t) ON (")1" \"lC'C VéTSái,
opt jgj;'
is
of
Ti'
¿i2¿·ti¡í
sc"iécÉ
any
the other itetus. \"ou y, } j
\"Olj
cii',piayccj
sta: u.'i are
t'c/i"
clo
C.2
below
ieú
coñüíiñ: . a dtraí
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iníornúít icm.
more
aAtm
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l
oí
opt ion"- .
dc'xcri pt j on
y

i ':

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.

:

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l

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(j .?.2.

2

ZSCl-G2 Comwanci

Linü

(l'.xpc

rt

2)€'

í€'íf

Mócic j Use.

ability
files.

[(")
dynaH2ic¿k: !y Su'
Coríiniand
line éñt1"\' fc)! Lxpc'rt Mode- ) provides the
ZCPR
7.M"ms options
Submit
A}ias
c,r
withnz STARTUP
from
This permits the operatinp system pararúeter: i,
the your console.
and restored
For
upon
applications.
coinpiet ion.
to be tal íored to specific
command
submit
example,
lowing sequence:
might feature the
a
or al las

scripts,

directly

files,

fol

Disable/Enáble ZSDOS features and set addresses
programs
. . .Process application
Restore ZSDOS f eatures and addresses and return
ZSl-()S in this
would be via a cal!
sequence
\'\"j
thin the script .
In
nient sí p¿ís'4ecí orí the' command l irie
' IlxjS
1\"
chany:
hare
cQrr!l)uter
c'ons:
attend
the
to
to
tanc
not

'Iai¡orin?

St-·t

t]n?q

130

of

:it"L'

!)asµ.U¿,

T()

ZSfj·t,

litS-,

2TC)UÍ)3

oÍ"

characters

with
to ZSCFt3
this fashion.
parameters.

senar¿2[ed

be

(jIlt'

arµuyou

or

dü

ríiorc

El/P

BIOS

ZSCFG2

UT!L1TIES

F.ach gzroup of characters
tabs. spaces or commas.
begins with a Command charbe
chanped.
In the case OÍ" the item
acter which identit les tm sc'ítinsz to
and
inie
ciare.
A "+" si{zn
related to t
is used.
a two-character
sequence
idenCommand
as a clock.
tifies the
or l'inic Stamp-related jf'unc[ion, and the fojío\'.ing Command character
tel is which parameter of the six is to be chan?ecj.
Command Ident i fiers for ZSÍK)5 are:
Fi le Support
- Public
Public/Path Write Enable
- Read-Only
Drive Sustain

P
W
R

-

- Disk ChangeDisk
\'\'arninp
Path without
SYStem Attribute
Search
Path
- Wheel F'.vtt" V\rite Protect
-

F
!
S

Hard

Fast

F'eloµ

ZSLX)S

>
*
C

-

-FA

+C

-

+M

-

locP
Stamp
Síanip
St arm

Rout ine Adth"és>>
Ac'ce>6 '} iriic'
Tiñit'
U"etñt"
." ? iÉjt-:
Mod

(

ii

Opt ionúi \\"tji ch are s iniipi "j ()rÍ,/: )!'7" tCj2f2 !é>: reaui
re no m"µtíment s. \"(.)u e;1: 2?)!?-· Ü)l-,.
'-"ol}t!í:
L!.cj"íÑr
h;t' emc'i_in>'
Íhta;!;:i j:"1erj{i!'2eüs.).
To ciisaMe such
opt io:::·.. \': 't¿"
sutiyiy appern! ¿a rriinu.. ".iµii
to the end of the Tdc'nt : iú: ". tO: " É.:"':¿it"l:::.',. . ,·,
cc)r!!nia!;-l linc €'ñIrj" tu ¿:c[!\"¿":,i€;":.
tlí- i-a"t !?elop' L:¿:{)¿ti}: l it\" luz" hard diµi-:
{l i":
Pl'ii} lC' tji 1- car'[i})i !
.
y \)é.. an':
:.iñc' tht' iji sk Chantr v: arni:":>" 'A'c)ú li! bt- :

i"-";

!

,. ":

it

ZSCFG2

'Lrti_Át"

F,

!-

:

t¿lí..:ti('!]:-:

")
pa: anií'icr:·, v,hich
me íí,¿n(';€·: I/'j ¿t µ,L-: r.:I:}:í - ",'.
i
I)e'
ú.i'"it t' nc" pioii"¿'!
:'o.Ut"ci
rl!"c)ni;'{
ctm
tlit (" (: f::.LR;[g';::
R?íci-: !\"{.
:
Í.!!': t· c! I'L U'y Ih7 '.: .-' . l í't
í¿' :{.:.j".¿j l'lú: s:
ijjI"jí ¿-j re pá>sc·cl by apr't: nti tñ: ." I!r-: ;ñ [¿"e t ;j·-·
-".
l (j!ííii't -¿;"í' :
¢'"\(¿'ú
iatrii
Cl I '.' " L t r'e 'JJlC'é i K\"t(" 'Ys¡"ji¿"
"l'.""tt'L-: t'"' 1)(.' tiíj"
:
"\ "!-'tC
't'jjg...
¿-';í Lt
: '·-'1 :
:>sz!kc'
::",
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tht: }nt€'l";]: ¿! pat H tj;" ! xc-: int- ( !Cít-|,
.
¿ ."' 1 ;j
".>4"Ñ,Ú ."i i ?,·"! !"'io> (" !{)C"h: \'éUt3'l"
cüi.l' '-"l '- :
.-

out i.m
if] Ü:

: Cc.U

t

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ir

"

ZSCFG2
"}1)ü

niuút

!"c: l"liÚrtll"/í·"

arc rcrrzi
\ ¿j] id" error
i.

dr€'ss,eq

ch

tt-'/j

*Z,>I,CB

Y'cíct"d
thí,:
or
r)et\¡"L-£·n t he (.'om0"ta!1ci
'\í"i i i
!\" !)c" th'-'
penc'ra!

otñe'" delimiters
lspacem 1¿Ú'r ¿µ.;µ-] COTl!h,.'i" '
>3
An ' InIdent i fj er and aadeci arzumc'nt
.
..\\'Mn
resulr if' you forget ,
entering má: . (-iT'?Llll!€-ntA. they are always in Hexadecimal
(igi'j' X) '! 'Yí'i l!"',
JÍlC aj?orithrl"t used
7erog,.
the ntíwA: r ent'2: "(":_j
to interpret
to four ciigitu.
Therefore . i t you enter thc sc^quencí
he'
m"wjd
jnLc'["!>l_eí€-c¡ as 104M.

y'

nunji7t?!"µ\

apt iomi !eií-!in±
oñi\' retc: inu up
"0036C')2][)jí" . ir

The fol lowing sl'c'é jcjñ cíes-cribes
each
able to opt inii: 'c' it for \"ouj" .h\'s[er!i.

L).

2Z

7!íz'

"i
.

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7S'"l·'ü2
gy;';>

()jv

ion

",',}\j: ..']

opt ion

and

wh:ití

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are

m_ai

i-

hescr"ipt ions.
['l': "!]

ii tai!c: [l"!!]c

of'

a

Zstm.s2

S\"S',t?!: i

u'

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S.í'í-Cif

131

í·,

B/P

ZSCFG2

ÍKS"TAL12

needs.

and

"both

BIOS

UT!L1TiES

"! 7íí ;j
ení t he same iríie r;"í..-! !\"ü di: - p Iuj .
"cñ2
1s
f' j \"
tnt-'
a;jríiical7]e to instal iaiicm a:: \4"t: f j as'
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"r: .!'"c'4gtt¿'; ",',"l"ltc?j
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U-": ":'·

07:
08:

1993

Modified

cimpiay Qt" date and time information
is the default
be disabled with the N option to display
more file nmiú".

tht-

6.23.2'.4

Size

.CCM

Disable

6.23.2.3

ZXC

UT1L!T!LS

:

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ieaíurw. ¿-u? al zccnhm 'ví'hich 'Á"i l i aítenígt to t ind one c/i" Sti·'\ er,zi t \"í"- :""· ""
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yíar!j|'.·.
The' cieíauit
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conditions
tel! Zú-!.} fo 11?>7
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If
fails, a sc'a: "cíÍ 1'· F}¿"j.)l'
for }Jc)qL}iyk >Iá!27': -. ÜÜlt: 3!j-p/'P' -lmú, cii:4.s, and finally to check. ÍCil" 1'J!>"N ty'cTM T q|'t ion causes rhe batestamper checks
st amp- .
to be |j\"pas'¡e[.": . U?t:!"t->g
s!'eL"'!: !"jµ 1"e's!".)"l.S4
if' i)at€'b[anj!'t't_
trpe stamping is never used.

i

4

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ZXD

All

6.23.2.8
The

BIOS?

LWer" Areas.

dlstrl3'jtjor)

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sinpie tjSéf area. eítfmr
will only search
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CiÉ

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a

the cwrrently
will locate files in all user areas on the disk. Combining
options will list all tiles in al! user areas. both systeRI
Thi s option
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a disk.
been
has:
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granted (:*'heei byte is Off'l .
Wide

6.23.2.9

UTlLITÍE3

U

U

the
\i"itti the AA
anti non-svxtem, (jñ
ZCPP3 system
where

Display.

This may be' Te\'erbed
the "Last Modified" Date/"i inie ,xtaníp.
ion
Command
ope
l-inc. u'hich generates a Wide Qt" xI !
to the
hCí±r
on!'." !)ateµtan!f'c'7
prcn'isicms for ali three stamp cate,t'uP"Ü)o.g
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W

i

Filename.Typ
BU16

.COm

COPY

.CCM

ZPATH
ZXD

.COM
.COM

Last

17: 26-06/12/88
15: 06-09/17/88
07: 50-09/17/88
08: 00-09/17/88

8k
8k
4k
8k

08:

42-08/21/88

15:

02-09/17/88

" ·"
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Access

26-06/12/88
06-09/17/88
50-09/17/88
Ó1-C9/17/88

17:
15:
07:
08:

ZXLL

C.ustorr.lziríñ

6.23.3

Created

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idae ton Qt" ?CPk34 and many of' the' K( i' t"eaturez,
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bl e . When Z40 is used in a Ful Iv-banked system,
Z4Cl
any Resident Command Processor wi th your system.
reíys on ZSDOSZ and
NOT work without
since the Command Line Parser and disk f ree space calculations have been retucn"ecl in favor of' ZSDOSZ services.
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complete documenuítion is rro\"iclL-d
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t \"i"

14-4

cio"\','ñ

l cjFtCj i ti;-'

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any

2

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B/P

GL.C!SS4RY

EllOS

Programs.
ication
In cont ríist to utility programs lstti :
m"
arc
larger rro"'1"aE[~ "jüc» a" \'"o"'"j p7"ücc'
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B,'P

GLOSSARY

Cié\"f-- lopeí!
DateStamper.
packaµc'
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Of'
"!"ht-'
and date sta!rlr'iil,L'
tííne
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the
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ports

fi

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this

is unique
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first,
it
fur create. access,

microcompurers for two reasons:
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file.

each

Joo! .
Dynam ic Debugµ'im
cl isas.semblc.
o!" al tc'!"
á\".
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That
adciressahle memory space L1"c!r! the j(_)wc'6!
Trans lent !"'rograiti Area.
',
aval fable adctres'i
[(i the í_í]glje: qt aval !ah!e address. Usuaí iy thi: ertencb I rcwi
Í()()H tcj the hase oí' rhc" HIK'S (ássannng
that the Conimand Processor is overwritten). or the base of" the lowest ías: e.

TPA.

Uti I ity Programs.
programs
in contrast to application
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such
directory
as
shürter
or utilities are
proµrams,
proprmis, which accept a
single conírnand front the user.
Wheel

Byte.
"big Wheel." the Wheel bytu
Taking its name Írcuü the colloquial
When the byte is set to a non-zerc'
controls securi U' under ZCPR and ZSiX)S.
value. the user has "Wheel status" and may execute commands unava i lahit '. :-\
other users.
Word.

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cj

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number

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Bibliography

B/P

E'f(")S

nianu,"i]
rel'ert'ncc" to ZN) asse'nbi y janL"Íj¿: gL .
is no'- iñtt: ñQÚc as, ¿i cotúp!ete
Since
o!" ZCl'íz cy"í'rating qy.3{elTis,.
niany bocN": have hc'en
orí them.'
topi c-s we inc' !ucit^ iierú oí': !y those' \\"é havt-' found rnosrt us.út \j} . The sou Icé". i "1
t'acjí
in order of'
cateporr are
Thi

s

C"'!"'/P:

.

written

listed

1.

Information

difficulty.

CP/M

on

Sou! Qt CP/Y: _ How to Use the Hídder'Povrer
Waite, Mitchel! and I'ohert I-afore.
We j i
oÍ' \o,ur ü,j/M Sy,st,wn.
lndianapoli s: Howard M sams &· Co. . l'jS3.
CP/3'2
and design of
and thc
written basic introduction
to the principles
language.
examples
and severa i
Many programmiñfz,
use of S'ü: '/) assembly
useful appendices included.
Illustrated, appendices, index". 391 pi).
tserkL'!e\":
()Sljr)rnC'/
rci . Áñci\".
The Proszranimer 's CP/M Handbook.
Mc?rav\'-F[i ] ! . US3.
!liFhly detiií lt: cl, complete de.scripticm ct the strm'Inst ruct iüm on patchiñ?, desigr'imí'tviü":
tute' O! Cf'/'\i ft'!" I")r(j,gl".a[ltn]¿'l"s,.
art
( onq'l tne"
c: ·:ariipi c tí!(±i sotjrcú inc
debu;zszing
a
l'íé\í ('}',/"\l s"ybtÚl¡t.
.
1 i jL'qt!"í"iTe(j.
arT'<: n(ílct'" . !l]¿jt': \:. sc'! p!'.

john3(jn-l-ai

l)j>"il¿?}

t;i',"y

kL'.sé-'¿t1"L'!"l.

i'if'iG,;

L'"ea!c'!!.

d'£\"¿'![)!í)L'r:
tc-1\

al

tnis

,

ready

rr'
2.

Lpó
I

Yo¶1e

cU

airm
.
a b;.t-!C'[¿"t:

Assembl

y

'!"/;'j.

in

t3xan}nlt-

' |u{"jÚ>.

fítt)$-.

ljipi
"i

ior

L-amuage

(()¡"I"u): '¿it imí.
Xl). UK Cí$>.

ÁFNü"Icá.
.

bOuk

ings
,

nía
':

(. al i!'o: "ñ im
ya!]lla|. .
Pací! ic Grove,
ck)currier?tation
by
tal l·?e4earcl}.
auchcri tat i\"c', anti technica i ! \" i' . :7 -th(_)q( "Yi1"éc)
as a Tt'Í"erénc'e
guide
"t1
oí' the' orí
n:
'"p/)·j Í"ft l l l
ccn"éTá2ú
i
!lu: -.t rated. appendicer. íntie" . L9'J

·

F$(:)C|:k

Zakñ

(

'·

¡-'j"ü;'
,\1()g"!'!'-k

mien

í}T'c').gI"íznl¡l'!j'2?

!>UiC'j:

j '-:: .Z

i'/úC.
i:
sn-iidt

t,,ícÁ

c: nci

t1e'3

-.

i,rí'µ"

3ysnc!'l
()i"I.2!n¿i1
.
(-one 1"a? anc!
in !\" (")" um..'

( 1}t¿'7"¿'iL

í1:

i",üi,!!,

{.'Ol'i"'.

íletai itui

'ría!1l-: ¿"¿ i

i'-'
.
dt'>c:

"
.

riDt

i--'ur)!!c¿[[i(7I_i
assertib iy lan9ua2e
4
OÍ eu·ich ()ri": .)(!é.. .

: :f_ic,TQc"()t}lljllte[".

tor

;z: m

The

"F$-i b

le" of

ions

arid

exanípie-r

iÉi)í)jlS()
ti-fO t Elíszh
Mtestj"ation
lcí'iti()[?
#[.1' . úitachi
Ltci
Arhe1"íca.
!\"O
prLjg1"¿íníi|:
t)4¡hU.
Ln,g exan]Ijl€'µ.

l.i l.

Puhi
í'Oi" Ü)€·
o!'

: 7í

ZSÚ

CMÜS
. .

but

}|]c}"op}"'-jcegA: ':" Míti:
'Íñt? TzÑ é."-I(": :]C".'
:' .

l 'A":

very dc'tailt"d

all lnrtruc[iQn"...

SYF.ILÑ.
Iterk: eiev:
ttíc· zm,
Rodnar.
Pr(j2.I"í±l]it!!in2
Righlv
inc. ,
cietí- i
inforníat ion about every aspect of the ZSÜ jüicroprocessc/r and
Covered
íanguagt".
concepts. ZZM)
zm asseDÍtgi\'
are basi c prograniniing
and
programníing.
addressing.
l/O tecñríiques.
ha rchiart
organ izat ion.
and over 2Ó(J
exalI}pIe.b
of inf'ormat ion
Programming
pages
included.
are
ZSO
appeninstruction
set
are devoted to the
624
pp.
dices. index.

l'jtjn

ltd

itself.

148

-.:

ii: -

Illustrated.

B/P

nformation

l

3.

Eñ5liography

BIOS

MoT?en.

Bruce
Z-System

on

ZCPR,

ZSDOS,

the

and

Z-System

and

L:
The Z-Svstent
Jar Saszc- .
ser
tor the less technical user.

The

s

Accessories
Gu_idc;.

An

introduct

ic-'n

to

3.3 User's Guide. Manual for ZCPR version 3.3, includirie
many examples of how the features
of Z-System can be put to work.
Extended
command processing and security
features are highiiµhted.

Sasze,

jav.

Conn.

ZCPR3: The M.a.nua_l_.
19SS.
'ñícNew York: New York Zoetrope.
Richard.
Much inforníat ion
"bible" of ZCPR3, written by ZCPR's origina!
author.
is now out of daté-". but still very useful.
Illustrated. index, 351 pp.

Conn

R

,

ZCPR

Manual
i cha rd . zcpr3: _ jFhí- Librarieq
for the SYSL!8.
I it.-a"aries.
ZCPR
assenií'ly Ianguagt"
which al Ic)\'\" adranced
creutt' thc i]' o'.'.: z 7-System
program.

Mitchcll. Bi"iíiger.

i__i
µ'rouncÍejr
.
anti othc'rs:
!"'lu'"Perft'ct Syxtt:
[c'cr,7]iciueb
aíí\¿in¿'c(]
ant!
níany
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149

Bios

Numt?er

Reference

Function

Fcn

Name

Input Parameters

Returned Values
None
None
A=FFH
A=0OH
A=Char
(masked
None

O

CBCOT

1

WBCC'T

2

CONST

Neme
None
None

3

CONIN

None

4

CONOUT

5

LIST

6

AUXOUT

7

AU)CN

8

HCNE

Appendix

C=Char
to send
(masked
per IC'FG)
C=Char
to send
(masked
per ICFG)
C=Char
tc Send
(masked
per ICFG)
None

9

SELDSK

None
C=F'rive

1C'
11

SETTRL
SETSE'3

8G=Track
Nutnbe'"
BC=Sec.tc)!" Number

1Z

SETEMÁ,

E3C=394A

13

READ

14

W2!TZ

None
Type
C=w'"ite
(Cj=L'na' io.: :áteíj,

(O=A..15=P)

LISTST

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19

AUXSST

None

2Cl

DEVTCL
DEVINI
DRVTBL

k: me
None
None

21

22

Secto:"

Vectcús

1=LY

e

',

2,g,

SFTEl?¿p:

150

,

AF
AF

per

AF

None

AF

None

AF

A=Char
t rom AUX:
(masked
per ICFG)
>
<
Code
Status
HL=Disk
Param Hci: " Adcir
No Drive
HL=O
None
Neme
None
<
Statm Cckje >
<
Status CoGe >

AF

All
Ail

Regs
ReS3

None
Ñ3!\é
None
/'.1? Pegs
Ali Regs-

Force Write)

rectory,

PTR ReacN
A=FF\
PTR ÑCft Ready
A=O0H
Fh_=Physica1
Sector #
DE=Trans?ation Tbl Addi"

AT

COK:
Reaay
CON: Busy
A=0CH
AUXin Ready
A=0FFH
N(? Char
A=0QH
Ready
A=QFM
AUXout
E3us'v
AUXout
A=0OH
HL--> Char IQ Table
None
Ok
HL--> DPH Table
No Orv)
(O entries

Al'

it
it

Ail

F:eC£·

>>>

if
if
if
if
if
if

A=C)FFH

tot" MULTIO>
None
Addr
HL=Source
Addr
OE=3est
8C=Length
to move
CM(Read.),
C=1(Set)
0"--> lS-byte Time
A=8anl<
A=6ani

Regs
Regs

ICFG)

:

for

23
24
25

All
All

if

Acdress

15

---------

Uses

if Ready
No Char
if rom
CON:
f

1

Number
Numt"e l"

<

Status

Code

if

>

AF
HL

All

Reccs

All

Regs
Regs

HL

All

None

A=1

A7

if

E=Orig
D=1/1Oth
None
None

Ok,

6th

if
buffer

A=C)

Secs

Errs
byte

All

(Reaci)
\'oríe
Nct)e

Regs

Appendix

29

----3Cl

Bios

1

XMOVE

<<< Encl
RETBIO

of

C.=Source
Bank #
8=Dest
Bank #
C9/M 3 "Type"
Vector3
None

Function

Reference

None

Notz.e

>>>
A,BC,DE,HL
A=8ios Version #
Bios jump Table
Config Data Area
HL--> Device Config Table
for Direct Device IQ -->
BC-->
DE-->

31

DIFEUCJ

<--

details

See

below

8=Driver Type
C=Function #
32
33
34
35

STFARC'

3.C

9RGFT',-/

37

FRPL'TÉ

:>

6'F'

FRJP
FRCt-R
7R(37TE3

FqR!jT\','

RITME"!

====
': '

STMCCT

A=8ank
Number
HL=Dest
Address
HL=Return
Aciciress
HL--> Byte to Get
C=Banl': Number
:-1L--->
Word tfj Get
C=8arjt
NuirLei"
Hl--> Byte Dest
C=3ani-: NurrfF)er
A=8yte
to Put
HL
> Wor¿
Ijeí.t
C=Bank Number
1E=Wot-d to Put
None
FLOPP't
A=C'

DISK



(FUnct7o?2

to

(C.:HL))

Barík

Number

31

)

a.""

áá

--------------------='

None

AP

CFPh'

C=':
8"1
1

"t"" ""

(F]CPF': y .l
{Ncrrr,a1
Speed : '
QF7H fHi capable}
C'=C'
cm
{McEor
Cant )
ÓFFE (Motor Contr)
e=c: (Hard), 1 (8")

None

AF'

Neme

/\"

(5.25"), 3 (3.5")
C=1
(Subfcn #)
8=1 (Floppy)
A=Unit (80,1)

None

A"

None
None

AF
AF

A='F

Z

2

3

STHDR','

STSECT

Head (D2)
C=2 (Subfcn #)
B=l (Floppy)
A=Phys Track #
0=0 (128 Sctrs..
3=1024
Sctrs)
E=Last
Sector #
C=3 (Subfcn #)
8=1 {Fiop?y)

151

·

Bios

4

Reference

Function

SPEC

5

RECAL

6

SEEK

7

SREAD

8

SWRITC

9

READIF'

A=Step
rate in
(87=1
for 8"
D=Head Unload
E=Head Load in
C=4 (Subfcn #)
8=1 (Floppy)
C=5 (Subfcn #)
8=1 (Floppy)

None

Ft/TTR}¿

Bu

(F1op3y)

C=1'¿)

(SijttC.'j #]
'F;opr'y)

hL--

AF

Orv)
in mS
mS

cu (Subfcü #]

EETDS.T

1

<

Status

Code

>

AF

<

Status

Code

>

AF

<

Status

Code

>

,ü.f, HI

<

Status

Code

>

Al'

<

Status

Code

>

AF

,i-: :_

(F1OP?: '";

É3--É

1 1

mS

A=0esired Trk #
D=0FFH Verify,
E=C'
(Single-step)
<>0 (Double-step)
C-=5
(Subfcn #)
8=1 (F1op>')
HL--> Eead Eluffeu
C=7 (Sucfcn #.)
8=1 (Floppy)'
HL--> \','rite Butte: "
C""'9
(Subfc.n
¥\
£3=1

j¿;t

Appendix

Fc.rruat

>

A=Status Byte
E3C--Ccntro11er

AF,

,E!-

Type

HL--> Status Byte
<
Status Code >

Data

SC

Ali

F{eg3

"S/Trit
F--Gar 3 évte Cnu: "t
C=11 (St'7tu"' ?]
e=i
("lcjF!9j '
D=¡-..GT:

liÁEC"

------'':p

HDVA'_S

r': »'

iFunct ion

byte DuÍÍ
S.jt'tcñ E ,)
512

CQ£--->
C=C'

S'JBF"{j{\¿CTlOt¢S

(,

1F!ará'
A=Deváce
Byte
# :'
C.=l ',Subfcn
8=2 (karC)
DE-->
Ccnnd Desc

A=#

Bytes

31

in

}

-----""-----------

CDC

- --"--

----

E" ,j--|j

E3=1'

1

H1)SLC'T

2

DOSCSí

A=C'

C=?
Ej=Z

Status

1

:jZ'

Cede:

A

=

A

C',

<> g,

A=Phyñca1

É31Y.

tÑj Write r)ata:
fSubfcn # : '
(Hard)

'

Zero Set (Z)
Zero Clear (NZ)

if

H=Message

Device EN

Byte
L=Status Byte
A=Masked
Status Byte

F.,P

Al

}

Regé'

Operation successfully
performed
occureí
in
Operation
Errors
if

-- -

Appendix

Number

Function

Va1,ues

E3OCít

Mne

None

i
2
3
4

Console
Console
Reader
Punch

None
E=Characte
None

A=Character

Input
Output
Input
Output
List Output
I/O
Direct Console

6

7

Get
Set

8
9

I/C' Byte
I,/Ci Byte

Print

String

1 C'

Rea.í

"O!2¿.3]€

i1

GfCt

1

Returned

Input Parameters

name

Reference

Function

O

5

:'

1 2

Ccms.:

jié

l3uVer
Stutín

Get Ver£iolz Nljflet
Reset
Ris! System

Select

i c
1íj
i /
1£
' C

O?el";

2'3

Se: Ae!"ti?.'
'\',';_
ie Se?L!e:
PtáU: Fa fñ'
gze7aí":
E
F"?e
?±r Lc.cum v'ectc""
GÉt C.:'"t"er:.t Dis'
sÉt 3MA Á: ZCre3:.s
Get AÉjDC.
Aci·dre2±
Wíute
Prúñect I'im·
Get RIC' Vector
Set
Attributes
Get D'ú3 Addres.s
Set/Get User Code

Z

":

Dose Fúle
Í)é'EtE

'iifZ

ReaF

fc: "'

U/"éí
tue:
N

'i7al

'
6

:" -:

üf
2tl
2"
22
2é
3C/
31

32
3F
34
35
36

?j
32
39
4C)

1-l¿

A=0OH
A=0OH
A=1nput
Character
A=Conso7e
Status"
A=1nput
Character
A=O0H
A=I,/O Byte (OOG3H)

E=0C)H. .OFCH (Out)
None
E=T/O Byte
DE=Address
Strinc
DE=Adciress
Butfer
None

A=0C)H
A=OOÉ

A=0GH
A='jC'H = N3 cñarac-te"
Ell"ese72t
A=O1H = Cheu_.
A=Vereion Number (22:
A=C)0H
No
or, A
A=FFA
on A
A=íj0ri No
A=FFF' $: * ,*' 7i le

i'

File

Read Random
Wri te Randorn
Compute
File Size
Set Random Record
Reset
Mult Drive
Not Imp 7emented
Get ti>: e¿ clisé: vector
Oftf
\'""i te rá'~im'
Not Imp iemented

fj II

A=C'

A=D' !-e¿t£: r"y CcÚe'
A--DJ
rectc': "y Coc9
/'.=-t'i u'ctar y Code'
a=éf!"ot Cocie
A=Reac!./\",""i tÉ C:o:ic
A=ReeA,'\t'rtte
Cckje
Cc·de'
A=tn t""ectccy
A=Erro: " C'c.: iaHL"aLoaqr) VéftÍj"
~'
D'si-.
A=Curí"erú
A=oc"-i
HL=Addt_ Al Íoc Vector"

FCB
FC'?i

fce:

cr?

FCB

3E=Pdd!"e££
5'E=A.ddress
ljE=Adcj: "esc
Nor'e

of
of
of

FC9
FCB
FCC

Neme

ÁcÉrés3

!·¿onE

None
None
DE=Address
FCB
None
E=FFH (Get )
E=Use: " Number (Set
DE=Address
of FCB
DE=Address
of FCB
DE=Address
of FCB
DE=Address
of FCE3
DE=Nask
None
DE=Adá"

of

FCE

rectory

CCjJ,?

fq3
FCF.

?E=Ájdresí

DE=DM.'.

')

g

$'.*
$'." CIé

Nurnbe"

DE=Ád{jl"es£
of
t:
Eé=Address
·f
['F-Ad¢ire3£
of
GE=r-,jlZ!"-e£E of
E'r=Ad'd!"eE.E cjf

u e

fcj'"

A=Character

E=Character
E=Character
E=0FFH (In)
E=0FEH (In)
E=0FDH (In)

E"Disl',

IÁ£-Í-.

Sem"ck
Search

A=OOH

r

None
None

1 Lj

F1

4

ZSDO32

2

A=ÜCH

HL=R/O

Vector

A=Error
)

Code
HL=Address
of DP6
A=Use !" Numb<
A=0C'P
A=Read/Wri
te Code
A=Read/Wri
te Code
A=Error Code
A=0OH
A=O0É
HL=Fixec
rÍ7sk Vectca
A=Read/\','r"i te Code

153

45

Set

Return

47

Get
Get

49
5ü-97

Free

DMA

9é
99

Get
Set

1 CU

Get
Set
Get

1 '31

ICC
iC: i

Se'

Appendix

E=FFE
E=FEH
E=O1H
E='jÜH

S3ace

(Get)
(GÉt

E=0isk

ZSCÍJS)
CP/M)
Number

None
None

Address
Imp7emented

None

time

DE=Adciress
DE=Address

ENV

tire
tiags

None

f1ía'qz.

DEj=F1

file

starnp

fúe

staTlF\

1'34-1E·1
Not
5?
F'arí,e

1

3E=AzjCZ"

ayi

DE='"C£

cjt

A=O0H

A=Error

Code
Space
in DMA+0. .DMA"3
DMA
HL=Current
Address
HdjOS type: "S"=ZSEC'S
"D"=ZD1XJS
L=BCD Version Number
HL=Env.
Descri ptor Add:

FCb

A.d.¿re£3,

Suiu? in

Implemented
"2ieSFfe':

A=QOH

Put Time
Time

to
OÍ

DYA

A=Time/0ate
A=Time/0ate

Ccjcié
Code

PL=F1 ags
None
A=1"fw'e/3ate
Stág,g
A=7ime/Date

Cod;

in

Di

Not

rectory

Code

Acit!ress,
£: .'-'jí":g zn ['yl

4=h
ÁjL:

"":

E zt? i" ": z
Of Ck'"
ch:
":
PCEi-'-15='?a'"e.t: t;i.Gl"F}j zj' Fr: ""c'7_'\:¶..'

DF=FCE.

fF€'"

"'.

CYt

c)F"=-/: .:"j:¿"

Error

At-: )'? ),
A=í"Fí-

Codes:

Time/Oate
Read/Wri

Codes:

te

fjz{"n"¿

ir

7tC:

E:

ii:

t

:vc

eu":

A=C9H
A=í)ih

t

No

error

A=CI4H

A=05H
A=Ü6!R

Error

codes

C': Fi

: ':i-:,

E t"f"Cú""

'\=

Codes:

'3Éi,,
T f

A=QZH
A=C)32

Extended

it

No Crr¢-.!"

roi"
:v

A=tFñ-:

7Í

érrc,i"

A=0l"H-i

7"

errc""

=> Emi oÍ File
Write =>Iñrectory Full
Dis?: Full
Close Error in Random Record Read/write
Read Empty Record
during Random Record Reaci
Directory FuV during Random Record Write
Record
too big during Random Record Read/Write
Fead

in Return Error Mode:
Extended
Error Fla'q

A=0FFH

H=02>·!

OiÉü.
"Eaci

H=á7'

\':'i"

H=C)1P-í

H=í?4H

1 cj.Fj

irrt

lmp7emented

Codem

i/'C' Er: "o'_
On )y
Üi sR

,

E3ufÍer'

DNA

E3ui-tE-"-

t

153-?51

2

A=0OH
A=cüu

Err/Oisp.)

(Set
(Set

address
&
version

DOS

Return

mt

rrode

eñrcá"

46

413

Reference

Function

ZSDC)S2

(8ac

Sector

te ProtecreC Fi7e
Envelici Orjvé (Select)

:'

.

"

Appendix

2ñcf

Dztespec

3

File

Stamp

Formats

E3Cí.'
starrp anci tune formats used by ZSDOS
are Eased on pac'

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