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BUSH HOG, L.L.C.

BACKHOES

Operator’s Manual
MODELS 2165 / 2175 / 2185 / 2195

ASSEMBLY • OPERATION • MAINTENANCE
703

$4.00

50033329

CONGRATULATIONS!
You have invested in the best implement of its type on the market today.
The care you give your Great Bend implement will greatly determine your satisfaction
with its performance and its service life. We urge a careful study of this manual to provide
you with a thorough understanding of your new implement before operating, as well as
suggestions for operation and maintenance.
If your manual should become lost or destroyed, Great Bend will be glad to provide you with
a new copy. Order from Great Bend, P. O. Box 1039, Selma, Alabama 36702-1039.
As an authorized Great Bend dealer, we stock genuine Great Bend parts which are
manufactured with the same precision and skill as our original equipment. Our trained
service personnel are well informed on methods required to service Great Bend equipment,
and are ready and able to help you.
Should you require additional information or assistance, please contact us.

YOUR AUTHORIZED
GREAT BEND DEALER

BECAUSE GREAT BEND MAINTAINS AN ONGOING
PROGRAM OF PRODUCT IMPROVEMENT, WE
RESERVE THE RIGHT TO MAKE IMPROVEMENTS IN
DESIGN OR CHANGES IN SPECIFICATIONS WITHOUT INCURRING ANY OBLIGATION TO INSTALL
THEM ON UNITS PREVIOUSLY SOLD.
BECAUSE OF THE POSSIBILITY THAT SOME
PHOTOGRAPHS IN THIS MANUAL WERE TAKEN OF
PROTOTYPE MODELS, PRODUCTION MODELS MAY
VARY IN SOME DETAIL. IN ADDITION, SOME
PHOTOGRAPHS MAY SHOW SHIELDS REMOVED
FOR PURPOSES OF CLARITY. NEVER OPERATE
THIS IMPLEMENT WITHOUT ALL SHIELDS IN PLACE.

BACKHOES
Operator’s Manual
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION/PARA

SECTION/PARA

PAGE

Warranty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Dealer Preparation Check List . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Safety Procedures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Federal Laws and Regulations. . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
General Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Operating The Backhoe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Transporting The Backhoe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Placing The Stabilizers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Filling The Bucket . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Dumping The Bucket . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Trenching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Back Filling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Beginning Of Season. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Hydraulic System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

PAGE

Tooth Replacement
Lubrication
Removal / Storage
Stabilizer Pads
Hydraulic Trouble Shooting
Valve Repair
Assembly
Mounting Kit Instructions
PTO Pump Kits
Hydraulic Hook-Up To Tractor
Power Beyond Kit
Flow Divider Kit
General Specifications
Removing From Shipping Pallet
Safety Decals
Torque Specifications

15
15
16
17
17
23
24
25
30
31
35
38
42
43
44
45

RETAIL CUSTOMER’S RESPONSIBILITY
UNDER THE GREAT BEND WARRANTY
It is the Retail Customer and/or Operator’s responsibility to read the Operator’s Manual, to operate, lubricate,
maintain, and store the product in accordance with all instructions and safety procedures. Failure of the operator to read the Operator’s Manual is a misuse of this equipment.
It is the Retail Customer and/or Operator’s responsibility to inspect the product and to have any part(s) repaired
or replaced when continued operation would cause damage or excessive wear to other parts or cause a safety
hazard.
It is the Retail Customer’s responsibility to deliver the product to the authorized Great Bend dealer from whom
he purchased it, for service or replacement of defective parts which are covered by warranty. Repairs to be submitted for warranty consideration must be made within forty-five (45) days of failure.
It is the Retail Customer’s responsibility for any cost incurred by the Dealer for traveling to or hauling of the
product for the purpose of performing a warranty obligation or inspection.

Great Bend
LIMITED WARRANTY

✯✯✯✯✯✯✯✯✯✯✯✯✯✯✯✯✯✯✯✯✯✯✯✯✯✯✯✯✯✯✯
Great Bend / Bush Hog L.L.C., warrants to the original purchaser of any new Great Bend equipment,
purchased from an authorized Great Bend dealer, that the equipment be free from defects in material and workmanship for a period of one (1) year for non-commercial, state, and municipalities’ use and ninety (90) days for
commercial use from date of retail sale. The obligation of Great Bend / Bush Hog L.L.C. to the purchaser under
this warranty is limited to the repair or replacement of defective parts.
Replacement or repair parts installed in the equipment covered by this limited warranty are warranted
for ninety (90) days from the date of purchase of such part or to the expiration of the applicable new equipment warranty period, whichever occurs later. Warranted parts shall be provided at no cost to the user at an
authorized Great Bend dealer during regular working hours. Great Bend reserves the right to inspect any equipment or parts which are claimed to have been defective in material or workmanship.

DISCLAIMER OF IMPLIED WARRANTIES & CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
Great Bend’s obligation under this limited warranty, to the extent allowed by law, is in lieu of all warranties, implied or expressed, INCLUDING IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE and any liability for incidental and consequential damages with respect to the
sale or use of the items warranted. Such incidental and consequential damages shall include but not be limited
to: transportation charges other than normal freight charges; cost of installation other than cost approved by
Great Bend; duty; taxes; charges for normal service or adjustment; loss of crops or any other loss of income;
rental of substitute equipment, expenses due to loss, damage, detention or delay in the delivery of equipment or
parts resulting from acts beyond the control of Great Bend.

THIS LIMITED WARRANTY SHALL NOT APPLY:
1. To transportation to and from dealership or service calls made by dealers, ie, driving time, towing, pickup
and delivery.
2. To vendor items which carry their own warranties, such as engines, tires, and tubes.
3. If the unit has been subjected to misapplication, abuse, misuse, negligence, fire or other accident.
4. If parts not made or supplied by Great Bend have been used in connection with the unit, if, in the
sole judgement of Great Bend such use affects its performance, stability or reliability.
5. If the unit has been altered or repaired outside of an authorized Great Bend dealership in a manner
which, in the sole judgement of Great Bend, affects its performance, stability or reliability.
6. To normal maintenance service and normal replacement items such as gearbox lubricant, hydraulic fluid,
worn blades, or to normal deterioration of such things as belts and exterior finish due to use or
exposure.
7. To expendable or wear items such as teeth, chains, sprockets, belts, springs and any other items that in the
company’s sole judgement is a wear item.
NO EMPLOYEE OR REPRESENTATIVE OF GREAT BEND IS AUTHORIZED TO CHANGE THIS
LIMITED WARRANTY IN ANY WAY OR GRANT ANY OTHER WARRANTY UNLESS SUCH CHANGE IS
MADE IN WRITING AND SIGNED BY GREAT BEND’S SERVICE MANAGER, POST OFFICE BOX 1039,
SELMA, ALABAMA 36702-1039.

✯✯✯✯✯✯✯✯✯✯✯✯✯✯✯✯✯✯✯✯✯✯✯✯✯✯✯✯✯✯✯
Record the model number, serial number and date
purchased. This information will be helpful to your
dealer if parts or service are required.

MODEL NUMBER
SERIAL NUMBER

MAKE CERTAIN THE WARRANTY REGISTRATION
CARD HAS BEEN FILED WITH GREAT BEND/
SELMA, ALABAMA

DATE OF RETAIL SALE
2

DEALER PREPARATION CHECK LIST
2165, 2175, 2185 and 2195 BACKHOES
BEFORE DELIVERING MACHINE - The following check list should be completed.
Use the Operator’s Manual as a guide.
❑
❑
❑
❑
❑

Machine properly assembled.
All safety decals readable (See decal page).
All bolts tightened to torque specifications given in the torque chart.
Machine operates properly.
Operator’s manual has been delivered to owner and he has been instructed
on the safe and proper use of the backhoe.

Dealer’s Signature

CAUTION:
It is recommended that the tractor be equipped with Rollover
Protection System (ROPS) and seat belt be used for all
implement operations.

THIS CHECKLIST TO REMAIN IN OWNER’S MANUAL
It is the responsibility of the dealer to complete the procedures listed
above before delivery of this implement to the customer.

Safety Alert Symbol
This Safety Alert Symbol means: “ATTENTION! BECOME ALERT!
YOUR SAFETY IS INVOLVED!”
This symbol is used to call attention to safety
precautions that should be followed by the
operator to avoid accidents. When you see this
symbol, carefully read the message that follows
and heed its advice. Failure to comply with safety precautions could result in death or serious
bodily injury.

Safety Signs

Signal Words

The signal words DANGER, WARNING, AND CAUTION are used on the equipment safety signs. These words
are intended to alert the viewer to the existence and the degree of hazard seriousness.

This signal word indicates a potentially hazardous situation
which, if not avoided, will result in death or serious injury.

White letters on RED

This signal word indicates a potentially hazardous situation
which, if not avoided, could result in death or serious injury
It may also be used to alert against unsafe practices.
Black letters on ORANGE

This signal word indicates a potentially hazardous situation exist
which, if not avoided, may result in minor or moderate injury.
It may also be used to alert against unsafe practices.
Black letters on YELLOW

IMPORTANT SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
This symbol is used to call attention to safety precautions that should be followed by
the operator to avoid accidents. When you
see this symbol, carefully read the message
that follows and heed its advice. Failure to
comply with safety precautions could result
in serious bodily injury.
In addition to the design and configuration of equipment, hazard control and accident prevention are dependent upon the
awareness, concern, prudence and proper training of personnel in the operation, transport, maintenance and storage of
equipment. Lack of attention to safety can result in accident, personal injury, reduction of efficiency and worst of all—loss
of life. Watch for safety hazards and correct deficiencies promptly. Use the following safety precautions as a general
guide to safe operations when using this machine. Additional safety precautions are used throughout this manual for
specific operating and maintenance procedures. Read this manual and review the safety precautions often until you know
the limitations.

THE TRACTOR
1. Read the tractor operator’s manual to learn how to operate your tractor safely. Failure to do so could result in serious injury or death and equipment damage.
2. It is recommended that tractor be equipped with Rollover Protective System (ROPS) and a seat belt be used for all
loader operations.
3. Add wheel ballast or front weight for stability.
4. Move wheels to the tractor manufacturer’s widest recommended settings to increase stability.
5. For better stability, use tractor with wide front axle rather than tricycle front wheels.
6. Move and turn the tractor at low speeds.
7. Stop tractor engine, place transmission in park (or neutral), engage parking brake, lower loader arms to ground,
cycle all hydraulic controls to relieve pressure, allow machine moving parts to stop, remove ignition key to prevent
unauthorized person from starting engine before dismounting tractor or servicing, repairing, or making adjustments
to the equipment.
8. Wear personal protective equipment (PPE) such as, but not limited to, protection for eyes, ears, lungs, head, hands
and feet when operating, servicing, or repairing equipment. Avoid wearing loose clothing or jewelry that may catch
and entangle on equipment moving parts.

THE BACKHOE
1.

DO NOT operate the backhoe unless it is rigidly attached to the tractor or skid steer loader.

KNOW your controls. Read this operator’s manual and the manual provided with your tractor. Learn how to stop the
tractor, the engine and the backhoe quickly in an emergency.

PROVIDE adequate front end weight to counter-balance the backhoe at all times. 20% of the total tractor, loader and
backhoe weight must be on the tractor front axle. If unsure of weight distribution, determine at a weight scale. Total
vehicle weight , including backhoe and counter weights, must not exceed the ROPS certificate for gross vehicle weight.

BE SURE the area is clear of overhead or underground utilities or other hazards.

POSITION a barricade around the work area.

KEEP all bystanders a safe distance away.

DO NOT attempt to enter operator’s platform of backhoe by using the stabilizers as a step.

OPERATE from the backhoe operator’s seat only.

ALLOW only one person to operate the backhoe at any time.

10. DISENGAGE safety locks as shown in Figures 1 & 3 before attempting to operate the backhoe.
11. NEVER dig with the backhoe unless the stabilizers are properly set.

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS CONTINUED
12. DO NOT dig under stabilizers or tractor backhoe. Soft ground or sandy soil can cause cave-ins.
13. KEEP BUCKET away from the stabilizer area to avoid possible stabilizer damage.
14. ALWAYS swing bucket uphill to dump when on a hillside and keep loaded bucket low.
15. SET BRAKES and block wheels when operating on hills and banks to avoid dangerous runaway.
16. WATCH for overhead wires. DO NOT touch wires with any part of the backhoe.
17. NEVER allow a person to work under a raised bucket.
18. NEVER lift a person with the backhoe.
19. DO NOT use the backhoe as a battering ram. Use the backhoe only for digging.
20. ALWAYS lower the backhoe bucket and stabilizers to the ground, shut off engine, and apply the parking brake
before getting off unit, or when not digging.
21. NEVER leave the tractor unattended with the engine running.
22. DO NOT attempt to raise the tractor off the ground or move the tractor forward or backward using the backhoe
dipperstick or bucket.

TRANSPORTATION
1.

ALWAYS engage safety locks before transporting backhoe. See Figures 1 & 3.

DO NOT drive the tractor near the edge of a ditch or excavation.

ALWAYS use accessory lights and devices when transporting on a road or highway to warn operators of other
vehicles. Check your local government regulations.

BE SURE the SMV emblem is visible to the rear.

ADJUSTMENTS AND INSPECTION
1.

CHECK pins that attach backhoe to tractor and all pivot pins for tightness several times daily. Replace any parts
that are bent, broken or missing.

ALWAYS engage safety locks before servicing backhoe. See Figures 1 & 3.

DO NOT oil, grease, or adjust the backhoe while it is in motion. For greasing, see Service section for details.

DO NOT change any backhoe relief valve settings. They are factory set for best backhoe performance and safety.

PROTECT YOUR EYES - WEAR SAFETY GLASSES.

GUARD AGAINST INJURY when driving connecting pins or performing any repair in which particles can chip from
work piece or striking tool.

DO NOT remove any guards on backhoe or tractor.

AVOID HIGH-PRESSURE FLUIDS
ESCAPING fluid under pressure can have sufficient force to penetrate the skin
and cause serious injury. Be sure to stop engine and relieve all pressure before
disconnecting lines. Be sure all connections are tight and that lines, pipes, and
hoses are not damaged before applying pressure to the system. Fluid escaping
from a very small hole can be almost invisible. Use a piece of cardboard or wood
- not your hands-to search for suspected leaks.
SEE A DOCTOR at once if injured by escaping fluid. Serious infection or gangrene can develop if proper medical treatment is not administered immediately.

IMPORTANT FEDERAL LAWS AND REGULATIONS* CONCERNING
EMPLOYERS, EMPLOYEES AND OPERATIONS.
*(This section is intended to explain in broad terms the concept and effect of the following federal laws and
regulations. It is not intended as a legal interpretation of the laws and should not be considered as such).
U.S. Public Law 91-596 (The Williams-Steiger Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970) OSHA
This Act Seeks:
“...to assure so far as possible every working man and woman in the nation safe and healthful working
conditions and to preserve our human resources...”

DUTIES
Sec. 5 (a) Each employer—
(1) shall furnish to each of his employees employment and a place of employment
which are free from recognized hazards that are causing or are likely to cause
death or serious physical harm to his employees;
(2) shall comply with occupational safety and health standards promulgated under
this Act.
(b) Each employee shall comply with occupational safety and health standards
and all rules, regulations and orders issued pursuant to this Act which are
applicable to his own actions and conduct.
OSHA Regulations
Current OSHA regulations state in part: “At the time of initial assignment and at least annually thereafter, the
employer shall instruct every employee in the safe operation and servicing of all equipment with which the
employee is, or will be involved.” These will include (but are not limited to) instructions to:
Keep all guards in place when the machine is in operation;
Permit no riders on equipment;
Stop engine, disconnect the power source, and wait for all machine movement to stop before
servicing, adjusting, cleaning or unclogging the equipment, except where the machine must be
running to be properly serviced or maintained, in which case the employer shall instruct employees
as to all steps and procedures which are necessary to safely service or maintain the equipment.
Make sure everyone is clear of machinery before starting the engine, engaging power, or operating
the machine.

EMPLOYEE TRACTOR OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS:
1. Securely fasten your seat belt if the tractor has a
ROPS.

5. Watch where you are going, especially at row
ends, on roads, and around trees.

2. Where possible, avoid operating the tractor near
ditches, embankments, and holes.

6. Do not permit others to ride.
7. Operate the tractor smoothly - no jerky turns,
starts, or stops.

3. Reduce speed when turning, crossing slopes,
and on rough, slick, or muddy surfaces.

8. Hitch only to the drawbar and hitch points recommended by tractor manufacturers.

4. Stay off slopes too steep for safe operation.

9. When tractor is stopped, set brakes securely and
use park lock if available.
Child Labor Under 16 Years Old
Some regulations specify that no one under the age of 16 may operate power machinery. It is your
responsibility to know what these regulations are in your own area or situation. (Refer to U.S. Dept. of
Labor, Employment Standard Administration, Wage & Home Division, Child Labor Bulletin #102.)
7

GENERAL OPERATION
Figure 1
Dipper-Stick
Swing
Lock Pin Location

Bucket
Link
Boom

Boom Transport
Lock Pin Location

Bucket
Mainframe
Stabilizer Cylinder

CAUTION
To avoid possible injury,
observe the following
safety rules BEFORE
OPERATING the backhoe:
1. BE SURE area is clear of
underground utilities or
other hazards.
2. POSITION barricade
around work area.
3. PROVIDE adequate
front end weight to
counter-balance tractor at
all times. 20% of the total
tractor, loader and backhoe weight must be on the
tractor front axle.
4. Keep bystanders a safe
distance away.

Stabilizer

CONTROLS
The backhoe has two major control levers plus the
stabilizer control levers. These controls are located on
the control console directly ahead of the operator. See
Figure 2. The following is a list of the controls, with the
function of each, reading from left to right.

DIRECTIONS: The terms right, left, front and back
shall be determined from the position of the operator
when seated in the operating position on the backhoe.
Engine Speed
The speed at which the backhoe operates is partially
dependent on engine RPM. Use a moderate engine
speed to start and increase it as your experience permits. Refer to “SPECIFICATIONS” for hydraulic flow
volume requirements. When powering from tractor
systems with higher output, reduce engine RPM to
obtain acceptable backhoe operating speed.

1. Left Hand Stabilizer: Push lever forward, the LH
stabilizer lowers. Pull lever back, the LH stabilizer
raises.
2. Boom/Swing: Push lever forward, the boom
moves down, away from the operator. Pull lever back,
the boom moves up, toward the operator.

Figure 2 Control Handles
BOOM &
SWING

The Boom/Swing Control Lever has an added “float”
function. A detent or stop should be felt when the lever
is pushed forward to move the boom down. Pushing
the lever forward more will overcome the detent and
cause the boom to float, or move down or up freely,
depending on the forces acting on it. When the lever
is released it should return to the center, neutral position.

CROWD &
BUCKET

Move lever to the left, the backhoe swings to the left.
Move lever to the right, the backhoe swings to the
right.
By moving the lever to one of the intermediate positions, the boom can be swung left or right at the same
time it is being raised or lowered, performing the two
operations simultaneously.

Left Hand Stabilizer

SWING LEFT AND LOWER the boom by moving the
control lever forward and to the left.

Right Hand Stabilizer
8

Figure 3 Safety Locks

Figure 3a

Lock Pins
Storage Tubes
Swing Lock Pin

Boom Transport Lock Pin

SWING LEFT AND RAISE the boom by moving the
control lever back and to the left.

In general, the direction of movement of a control
lever corresponds to the movement of the operating
member.

SWING RIGHT AND LOWER the boom by moving
the lever forward and to the right.

OPERATING THE BACKHOE

SWING RIGHT AND RAISE the boom by moving the
lever back and to the right.

CAUTION
To avoid possible injury, observe the following
safety rules WHEN OPERATING the backhoe.

3. Crowd/Bucket: Push lever forward, the dipperstick
moves out, away from the operator. Pull lever back,
the dipperstick moves in, toward the operator.

1. DISENGAGE safety lock pins as shown in
Figure 3 before attempting to operate the backhoe. Store lock pins in angled tubes located at the
rear right hand side of the backhoe below the foot
platform. See Figure 3a.
2. OPERATE from the backhoe operator’s seat
only.
3. LOWER the stabilizers until the rear of the tractor is totally supported by them. NOTE: Rear tires
should not come up off of the ground. See diagram on Page 11.
4. DO NOT dig near the stabilizers.
5. DO NOT touch overhead wires with any part of
the backhoe.
6. DO NOT attempt to raise the tractor off the
ground or move the tractor forward or backward
using the backhoe dipperstick or bucket.
7. DO NOT lose stability by swinging the bucket
downhill when positioned on a slope.
8. DO NOT lower the backhoe boom using the
“float” function. It will freefall, and could result in
injury to bystanders or damage to the backhoe.

Move lever to left, the bucket curls in. Move lever to
right, the bucket extends out.
By moving the lever to one of the intermediate positions, the dipperstick can be extended or retracted at
the same time the bucket is being loaded or dumped.
EXTEND AND LOAD the bucket by moving the lever
forward and to the left.
RETRACT AND LOAD the bucket by moving the
lever back and to the left.
EXTEND AND DUMP the bucket by moving the lever
forward and to the right.
RETRACT AND DUMP the bucket by moving the
lever back and to the right.
The two operations of the boom/swing lever, combined with the two operations performed by the
crowd/bucket control lever, provide four simultaneous
operations from the two levers, keeping cycle time to
a minimum.
4. Right Hand Stabilizer: Push lever forward, the RH
stabilizer lowers. Pull lever back, the RH stabilizer
raises.
9

Location: Back Of Control Panel
It is not difficult to become an efficient operator.
Control lever operating decal is located on back of the
control console. Study this decal. It will assist you in
becoming familiar with the controls.

operator to save time in clearing the excavation.
This dual operation of controls will speed and simplify
the digging operation. Normally the two or more
movements will not be equal or even simultaneous,
but as the pressure within the cylinders changes, and
the resistance on an operating member of the hoe
lessens, it will begin to move. It is balancing the force
of one member against the other.

Smooth, light handling of the controls will result in the
most efficient backhoe operation.
Operate the backhoe control levers to become familiar with their speed and movements. The engine
speed and the size of the hydraulic system will determine the speed of cylinder operation. When powering
from tractor systems with higher output than required,
reduce engine RPM to obtain acceptable backhoe
operating speed. If backhoe is to be mounted to a
tractor or to a skid steer loader with a hydraulic flow
rate exceeding 12 gallons per minute (gpm), then the
backhoe must be equipped with a Flow Divider Kit.
Refer to “Flow Divider Kit” section of this manual for
assembly and installation instructions.

NOTE: Actuating the bucket is the key to powerful digging. Operating the crowd and bucket controls simultaneously will insure a full bucket and prevent waste
motion and time.
TRANSPORTING THE BACKHOE
IMPORTANT: To prevent serious damage to the
tractor, read and follow the instructions on the following decal:

Swing the boom several times to practice controlling
the speed of swing. Do not operate the swing more
than 45° each way for the first few times, then gradually increase the arc.

IMPORTANT
IMPROPER TRANSPORTING
METHODS CAN CAUSE SERIOUS DAMAGE TO TRACTOR.

IMPORTANT: To avoid damage to the backhoe, do
not slam unit into the rubber bumpers when
swinging the boom right or left.
The boom “float” function may be used during digging
to eliminate down pressure when cleaning the bottom
of a trench. The primary purpose of the boom “float”
function is to protect the operator from serious injury in
the event that the backhoe or tractor hitch would fail.

• ENGAGE BOTH SAFETY LOCKS
WHEN TRANSPORTING BACKHOE.

• TRAVEL SLOWLY OVER ROUGH

TERRAIN.
• WHEN TRANSPORTING ON TRUCK
OR TRAILER, LOWER BACKHOE
BOOM SO BUCKET RESTS
FIRMLY ON BED. APPLY
RESTRAINTS TO TRACTOR, NOT
TO BACKHOE OR BACKHOE
ATTACHING KIT.

Best results are obtained by digging near the center
of the swing arc so material can be dumped on either
side.
As the operator becomes more familiar with the operation of the backhoe, it will be common practice to
operate two controls at one time. For example, with
the bucket extended and the dipperstick extended,
the lift control and crowd control can be operated
together to bring the bucket toward the operator with
down pressure on it. As the dipperstick approaches
the operator, the crowd and bucket controls can be
operated to close the bucket and trap the material. At
the end of the stroke, the lift and crowd controls are
operated to move the load up and away from the

50102295
Location: Right Side of Boom

4. USE accessory lights and SMV emblem when traveling on highways.

CAUTION
To avoid possible injury, observe the following safety
rules when transporting the backhoe:

Before leaving backhoe operator’s seat, position the
backhoe for transport by raising boom, crowding dipperstick in, swinging to center and raising the stabilizers.

1. ALWAYS engage safety locks as shown on Figs. 1
and 3 when transporting backhoe.
2. TRAVEL SLOWLY over rough terrain, on hillsides,
and around curves to prevent tipping.

When transporting for long distances, periodically
examine the backhoe and raise stabilizers and bucket back up to the full transport height. It is normal for
the backhoe to slowly settle while being transported.

3. DO NOT drive the tractor near the edge of a ditch
or excavation.

WHEN TRANSPORTING
CAUTION

Figure 4

Note:
Bucket should be
lowered to bed
when possible.

DO NOT CHAIN BACKHOE DOWN IN ORDER
TO SECURE TRACTOR TO TRAILER

DO NOT attach hold down
chains anywhere on backhoe
assembly.
Block and secure
tractor only.

PLACING THE STABILIZERS
Decreased
Digging
Depth

Stabilizers Properly Positioned

Narrower
Stabilizer
Platform

Stabilizers Improperly Positioned

Set the stabilizers to remove weight from the rear wheels. The wheels are to remain touching the ground as this
provides for the widest stabilizer stance and the lowest center of gravity. Raising the wheels off the ground will
not only reduce stability and digging depth, but will impair performance and impose unnecessary stress on the
unit.
11

General Operations

As the pile is approached, dump the bucket. When the
bucket is empty, the dipperstick and bucket are in position
to resume digging upon return to the trench.

FILLING THE BUCKET
Control the bucket attitude throughout the digging cycle to
keep teeth at the proper angle for best penetration. This will
minimize dragging and scraping the bucket through the
ground.

IMPORTANT: Avoid constant jarring or hammering-type
contact between the spoil pile and the loaded bucket, as this
may cause premature wear to the backhoe pins and bushings.
TRENCHING BETWEEN A BUILDING AND
OPEN EXCAVATIONS
Start the trench at the building. Trench out halfway to the
excavation. Then start trenching from the excavation to the
first trench. Dig toward the first trench until there is just
enough room to move the unit out between the two trenches.

When digging in hard-packed soil, bucket penetration can
be increased by applying down pressure with the boom
while crowding in and curling the bucket. If the crowd action
“stalls” it may be necessary to apply lift occasionally during
the digging cycle to correct the bucket depth.

Position the unit so the backhoe swing post is over the centerline of the trench connection. Dig with the backhoe at
extreme swing positions, and in as close to the stabilizers
as possible. Pile the spoil on the opposite side of the trenches.

To obtain a cleaner trench and avoid the buildup of material directly in front of the backhoe, crowd out and completely curl the bucket while starting to lift it from the excavation.
In this way, excess material will fall back into the excavation.

Position the unit forward with the lift and crowd levers so
the two trenches can be connected. Pile the spoil on the
opposite side of the trench.

DUMPING THE BUCKET
To dump the bucket at the end of the digging cycle, lift the
bucket clear of the trench while crowding it out and swinging it to the spoil pile.

General Operations

MISCELLANEOUS
When finishing straight walls or bellholes in sandy soil, use
a platform under the rear tires and the stabilizers. The platform distributes the load over a larger area and lessens the
possibility of a cave-in. The platform also tends to keep the
unit from creeping rearward if hard digging is encountered.

SIDE SLOPE EXCAVATING OR TRENCHING
Dig with the backhoe uphill whenever possible.

FINISHING STRAIGHT WALLS
Finish the far wall by crowding out while forcing the bucket
down from the boom. Actuate the bucket (curl out) to keep
the bottom of the bucket vertical.

Level the backhoe on slopes with the stabilizers to dig
plumb trenches, or use the backhoe or loader to cut a level
slot for the uphill wheel and stabilizer. Pile the spoil from the
slot on the low side.

When on the side of a steep slope, cut a level surface along
the uphill side of the trench with the loader.
Pile the spoil of the cut downhill. When digging, pile the spoil
of the trench uphill.
To finish the near wall, lift up and crowd in. Keep the edges
of the bucket horizontal.

Dig field trenches progressively. As soon as one trench is
completed, have the workmen lay the tile. Start the next
trench, using the spoil to fill the previous trench.

BACKFILLING
Backfill by lifting the bucket over the spoil pile and then
crowding in. Pull both the crowd and lift levers for smooth,
even backfilling.
IMPORTANT: Do not backfill by using the swing circuit
and dragging the bucket sideways. Doing so can cause
damage to the dipperstick, boom, or swing cylinders
and/or the mainframe.

SERVICE

fully several times to purge the system of air.

Hydraulic System Hoses
Oil leaks in the pressure side of the system can be
located by carefully inspecting the external area of the
hoses and fittings.
Check the return side of the system for leaks by
examining the oil in the reservoir. If air is being drawn
into the system, the oil will contain air bubbles and
appear to foam.
When tightening connections, always use two
wrenches.
IMPORTANT: Do not over-tighten fittings. Make them
just tight enough to eliminate leaks.
NEVER use teflon tape on pipe thread fittings.
Always use a paste-type sealer.
Hoses on any backhoe are very severely worked and
will fail in time. Examine them regularly and replace
any that show signs of failure. Pay careful attention to
the routing of hoses so they can move fully and freely
without kinking, and cannot be pinched or cut by any
part of the backhoe.

CAUTION
To avoid possible injury, observe the following
safety rules WHEN SERVICING the backhoe:
1. ENGAGE safety locks as shown in Figures 1 & 3
before servicing the backhoe.
2. DO NOT oil, grease or adjust the backhoe while it
is in motion.
3. DO NOT change any backhoe relief valve settings.
They are factory set for best performance and safety.
4. ESCAPING FLUID under
pressure can have sufficient
force to penetrate the skin and
cause serious injury. Be sure
to relieve all pressure before
disconnecting lines. Be sure
all connections are tight and
that lines, pipes and hoses are not damaged before
applying pressure to the system.

Hydraulic System Reservoir

5. FLUID ESCAPING from a very small hole can be
almost invisible. Use a small piece of cardboard or
wood - not your hands - to search for suspected leaks.

On PTO pump systems, maintain the reservoir oil at the
proper level by looking at the dipstick. The
dipstick/breather cap is located directly behind the right
side of the foot platform on the backhoe. When checking oil level, the backhoe should be extended to full
reach with the bucket rolled back and resting on the
ground. All cylinders are retracted except for the boom
cylinder. Do not overfill; oil may be forced out of the
breather cap.
Fill with:
SAE 10W40 engine oil with API “SF/SG” classification in northern climates.

6. SEE A DOCTOR AT ONCE if injured by escaping
fluid. Serious infection or gangrene can develop if
proper medical treatment is not administered immediately.
7. PROTECT YOUR EYES - Wear safety glasses.
Guard against injury when driving connecting pins or
performing any repair in which particles can chip from
work piece or striking tool.

BEGINNING OF SEASON

SAE 40W engine oil with API “SF/SG” classification
in southern climates.
Change oil every 200 hours or more often if necessary. To change oil, extend backhoe to full reach with
bucket rolled back and resting on ground. Turn off
tractor PTO and shut down tractor engine. Unseat
breather cap from fill tube and remove drain plug from
left rear underside of hydraulic reservoir using 1/4”
hex wrench. Drain oil from reservoir and replace drain
plug. Refill reservoir with 7 gallons of fresh oil following guidelines listed above for proper oil
selection. Reseat breather cap and start engine and
PTO. After cycling all backhoe functions several times
to remove any air from hydraulic system, check oil
level in reservoir with backhoe extended to full reach
and bucket rolled back and resting on ground. If oil
level on dipstick is below “ADD” line, add enough oil
to bring level up to “FULL” line. DO NOT overfill reservoir or oil may be forced out through breather cap during backhoe operation.
If the tractor system supplies the hydraulic power, service according to the tractor instruction manual.

Remove all protective coverings.
Check hydraulic hoses for deterioration and replace,
if necessary.
Lubricate all grease fittings and oil handle linkages.
Check hydraulic system for loss of fluid and, if necessary, fill to proper level.
Tighten all loose bolts, nuts and setscrews.
Inspect bucket teeth and, if necessary, sharpen or
replace them.
Operate the backhoe slowly for a short time before
placing the unit under full load.

Bleeding Backhoe Hydraulic System
If the hydraulic hoses have been disconnected from
the backhoe or tractor, all trapped air must be
removed after the hoses are connected. Start tractor
engine and operate backhoe through all movements
14

TOOTH REPLACEMENT

LUBRICATION

Bolt-On tooth points, when worn, can be replaced by
removing the hardware that connects it to the cutting
edge. Install new tooth and replace hardware if necessary. (Figure 5)

IMPORTANT: Avoid excessive greasing. Dirt collects
on exposed grease and increases wear greatly. After
greasing, wipe off excessive grease from fittings.

Roll-Pinned tooth points, when worn, can be replaced
by driving out the roll pin with a hammer and punch.
Install the new tooth using a new roll pin and hammer.
(Figure 6)

Economical and efficient operation of the backhoe is
dependent upon regular and proper lubrication of all
moving parts with a quality lubricant.

Figure 5
Bolt-On Tooth

Point
Figure 6
Roll-Pin Tooth

Nut

All parts provided with grease fittings should be lubricated with a good quality chassis lube type grease. If any
grease fittings are missing, replace them immediately.
Clean all fittings thoroughly before using grease gun.

Bolt

Lubricate all grease fittings at least twice daily, once
at the beginning of operation and again approximately halfway through the work day.
Lower stabilizers to the ground and lower boom so
bucket rests on the ground as shown in Figures 7 and
8. Refer to these illustrations for the location of all
grease fittings.

Roll-Pin

Point

IMPORTANT: Before greasing boom to swing frame
pivot (*) shown in Figures 7 and 8, raise boom and
install transport lock pin shown in Figure 1.
On Models 2165, 2175, 2185 and 2195 the following locations should be oiled with SAE30 oil:

Tightening Nuts and Bolts
Periodically, check to be sure all bolts and nuts are
tight. See torque chart, page 45 .

A. All Control Handle Linkages
B. Seat Bracket Pivot

Check all pivot pins for cotter pins, washers and
retainers; if missing, replace.
Figure 7 Lubrication Points
2165 & 2175

Figure 8 Lubrication Points
2185 & 2195

(3)

(2)

(3)
(2)

(2)

(2)
(2)
(2)

(2)
(2)

REMOVAL FROM TRACTOR - STORAGE
Figure 9
Backhoe Partially Extended

Backhoe Fully Extended

Blocking For Support

CAUTION

The backhoe is self-assisting during the installation
and removal procedures. For removal and storage,
follow these steps:

Make sure tractor PTO is disengaged and engine
shut off before disconnecting pump or hydraulic
lines.
a. On PTO pump self-contained systems, the pump
should be removed from the PTO shaft. The hydraulic
system should always remain complete. No hoses or
oil lines should be disconnected during correct
removal and storage procedure.
b. On systems that tap into the tractor for hydraulic
power, these lines can be disconnected now.
IMPORTANT: Be sure to mark the lines to prevent
mix-up during hook-up when the hoe is again
attached to the tractor.
Be sure to cap the ends of the lines to keep clean
while in storage.
8. Now slowly drive the tractor forward and away from
the backhoe. Be careful that all parts clear each other
during separation.
9. Refer to the installation instructions for the attaching kit. This will help with the removal and reattaching.
10. For long term storage, coat exposed lift, swing
and stabilizer cylinder rods with grease.
11. Lubricate all grease fittings and oil all handle linkages and seat bracket pivot.

1. Install the swing safety lock pin as shown in
Figures 1 and 3.
2. Stretch out the boom, dipper stick and bucket as
shown in Figure 9. Lower the bucket to the ground so
that it rests there solidly.
3. Raise the backhoe operator’s seat to the raised
position.
4. Place suitable blocking under the backhoe frame to
support it adequately as indicated in Figure 9.
5. Detach the backhoe from the tractor mechanically
only, not hydraulically at this point. Move the tractor a
few inches away from the backhoe.
Note: To facilitate this procedure, the backhoe can still
be hydraulically moved, raised or lowered, to release
the connection points of the carrying forces.
6. Gently lower the backhoe onto the blocking as indicated in Figure 9. Leave the stabilizers outstretched
and firmly in contact with the ground for added stability.
7. The hydraulic system can now be disconnected.
16

Figure 10

STABILIZER PADS
The backhoe is supplied with flip-over stabilizer feet
as standard equipment. They are suitable for most
backhoe work and generally are all that is ever
required. However, foot pad kits are available as
options. These kits bolt to the standard feet and
increase the versatility of the backhoe. See Figure 10.

Hydraulic Trouble Shooting

WARNING

The trouble shooting material presented in this section is offered as a guide to diagnosing probable causes and remedies for general operational problems.
Match your problem with the typical problem examples given, and note the possible cause and the proper corrective action.

Escaping hydraulic / diesel fluid under pressure
can penetrate the skin causing serious injury.
Do not use your hand to check for leaks. Use a
piece of cardboard or wood to check for leaks.

NOTE: When using the following chart, if it is decided
that an overhaul of components or pressure adjustments are necessary to correct malfunctioning, it is
recommended that your dealer make these repairs.
He is equipped to do this work.

Stop engine and relieve pressure before connecting or disconnecting lines.
If any liquid is injected into the skin, obtain medical attention immediately or gangrene may
result.

TROUBLESHOOTING PROCEDURES
Problem
Machine fails to operate
when started initially

Cause

Correction

Low oil supply in reservoir

Fill to proper level.

No oil supply to machine

Oil is not being diverted from the
prime mover hydraulic system.
Be sure that the proper controls are
actuated on the prime mover.
Check pump drive to be sure it is
engaged.
IMPORTANT: Be sure inlet and return
hoses are hooked up correctly.
Improper hook-up will result in
damage to the backhoe valve.
Relieve condition. Restriction may be
from outlet to reservoir.
Relief pressure will have to be checked
and corrections made. Backhoe
system pressure is 2400 PSI. Relief valve
may need cleaning and or overhauling or
entire cartridge must be replaced.

Pump not running
Improper hose connection

Excessive back pressure
Relief valve setting in backhoe
control valve too low or
defective

Machine loses power after
operating satisfactorily
initially

Low oil supply in
reservoir

Fill to proper level.

Loose oil line connections,
leaks in line or broken lines

Tighten all hose connections and
replace any damaged O-rings at
leaking O-ring fittings. Check and
replace any damaged hoses and lines.

Oil is bypassing cylinder piston,
scored piston, worn piston
packing, or defective piston
assembly

Replace or rebuild the cylinder; replace
damaged parts.

TROUBLESHOOTING (Continued)
Problem

Cause

Correction

Machine loses power after
operating satisfactorily
initially

Diverter valve on prime move
leaking or bypassing oil internally
through valve to reservoir

Diverter valve may need rebuilding or
replacing.

Excessive back pressure

Relieve condition. Restriction may be
from outlet to reservoir.
Relief pressure will have to be checked
and corrections made. Backhoe
system pressure is 2400 PSI. Relief
valve may need cleaning and overhauling, or entire cartridge must
be replaced.

Relief valve setting in backhoe
control valve too low or defective

Loss of power in lift or
crowd cylinder, but other
cylinders function properly

Spool not moved to full stroke

Check spool travel- should be .26”
either way, or a total of .52”.

Overload relief valve in the control
valve stuck open or malfunctioning

Clean relief carefully but do not disturb
its pressure setting as it cannot be field
calibrated, or replace cartridge.

Problems involving the control
valve

This valve is a precision device and is
not intended for any extensive field
adjustment or repair. Field replacement parts are limited to seal kits,
cartridges, valve sections and tie rods.
Replacement of these parts, the
opening of check cavities and certain
relief cavities to examine for trapped
dirt, or resetting of the main relief valve
with the use of good pressure gauge,
should be referred to qualified service
personnel.
Dirt and shreds of packing material are
the usual causes of valve malfunction.
Be sure the reservoir oil supply is kept
clean and only factory supplied
packings are used in cylinder repair.
Everything must be clean and free of
dirt during oil line removal and
replacement, and during any cylinder
work.

Loss of power in any one
cylinder, including lift
and crowd

Loose oil line connections,
leaks in line or broken lines

Restrictions in oil lines
Oil is bypassing cylinder piston,
scored piston, worn piston
packing, or defective piston
assembly
Scored piston rods and worn
guides in cylinder
Bent piston rod in cylinder

Tighten all hose connections and
replace any damaged O-rings at
leaking O-ring fittings. Check and
replace any damaged hoses and lines.
Check and replace any damaged hoses
and lines. Check for pinched hoses.
Replace or rebuild the cylinder; replace
damaged parts.

Replace or rebuild the cylinder; replace
damaged parts.
Replace or rebuild the cylinder; replace
damaged parts.

Troubleshooting (Continued)
Problem
Loss of power in any one
cylinder, including lift
and crowd

Cause
Worn or damaged rod seals on
cylinder; external leaks

Correction
Repack cylinder. Rebuild cylinder,
replacing damaged parts as necessary.

Spool not moved to full stroke

Check spool travel - should be .26”
either way, or a total of .52”.
Clean relief carefully but do not disturb
its pressure setting as it cannot be field
calibrated, or replace cartridge.
Replace the control valve.

Overload relief valve in the control
valve stuck open or malfunctioning
Worn control valve
Loss of power in swing
cylinders, but other
cylinders functioning
properly.

Loose oil line connections,
leaks in line or broken lines

Restrictions in oil lines
Oil is bypassing cylinder piston,
scored piston, worn piston
packing, or defective piston
assembly
Scored piston rods and worn
guides in cylinder
Bent piston rod in cylinder
Worn or damaged rod seals on
cylinder; external leaks
Spool not moved to full stroke
Relief valve setting in backhoe
control valve too low or defective

Worn control valve
Maximum swing action
cannot be obtained

Bent piston rod in cylinder
Something jamming the swing
linkage

Slow operation of machine
(lack of power) all cylinders

Low oil supply in reservoir
Oil viscosity too heavy, or oil
is not at operating temperature
Insufficient pumping
Diverter valve on prime mover
leaking externally or bypassing
oil internally through valve to
reservoir
Excessive back pressure

Replace or rebuild the cylinder; replace
damaged parts.
Replace or rebuild the cylinder; replace
damaged parts.
Repack cylinder. Rebuild cylinder,
replacing damaged parts as necessary.
Check spool travel - should be .26”
either way, or a total of .52”.
Relief pressure will have to be checked
and corrections made. Backhoe
system pressure is 2400 PSI. Relief
valve may need cleaning and over
hauling, or entire cartridge must be
replaced.
Replace the control valve.
Replace or rebuild the cylinder; replace
damaged parts.
Remove interference.

Fill to proper level.
Use recommended hydraulic fluid. Run
machine until oil reaches operating
temperature.
Advance engine throttle.
Diverter valve may need rebuilding or
replacing.

Relieve condition. Restriction may be
from outlet to reservoir.

Troubleshooting (Continued)
Problem
Slow operation of machine
(lack of power) all cylinders

Cause
Relief valve setting in backhoe
control valve too low or defective

Correction
Relief pressure will have to be checked
and corrections made. Backhoe
system pressure is 2400 PSI. Relief
valve may need cleaning and overhauling, or entire cartridge must be
replaced.

Spongy or jerking action
of cylinders and/or noisy
operation

Low oil supply in reservoir

Fill to proper level.

Air in system

Bleed all circuits of air by operating
machine at maximum oil flow and
through full movements.
Use recommended hydralic fluid. Run
machine until oil reaches operating
temperature.
Check pump drive to be sure it is
engaged.

Oil viscosity too heavy, or
oil is not at operating
temperature
Pump not running
Lift, crowd or bucket
cylinders drop under load
when control spools
shifted from neutral

Damaged or worn spool
seals

Replace spool end seals.

Problems involving the control
valve

This valve is a precision device and is
not intended for any extensive field
adjustment or repair. Field replacement parts are limited to seal kits,
cartridges, valve sections and tie rods.
Replacement of these parts, the
opening of check cavities and certain
relief cavities to examine for trapped
dirt, or resetting of the main relief valve
with the use of good pressure gauge,
should be referred to qualified service
personnel.
Dirt and shreds of packing material are
the usual causes of valve malfunction.
Be sure the reservoir oil supply is kept
clean and only factory supplied
packings are used in cylinder repair.
Everything must be clean and free of
dirt during the oil line removal and
replacement, and during any cylinder
work.

Load drops or settles

Loose oil line connections,
leaks in line or broken lines

Oil is bypassing cylinder piston,
scored piston, worn piston
packing, or defective piston
assembly
Worn or damaged rod seals on
cylinder; external leaks

Tighten all hose connections and
replace any damaged O-rings at
leaking O-ring fittings. Check and
replace any damaged hoses and lines.
Replace or rebuild the cylinder; replace
damaged parts.

Repack cylinder. Rebuild cylinder,
replacing damaged parts as necessary.

Worn control valve

Replace the control valve.

Damaged or worn spool seals

Replace spool end seals.

Troubleshooting (Continued)
Problem

Cause

Correction

Leaky cylinders

Oil is bypassing cylinder piston,
scored piston, worn piston
packing, or defective piston
assembly
Scored piston rods and worn
guides in cylinder

Replace or rebuild the cylinder; replace
damaged parts.

Bent piston rod in cylinder

Replace or rebuild the cylinder; replace
damaged parts.
Repack cylinder. Rebuild cylinder,
replacing damaged parts as necessary.

Worn or damaged rod seals on
cylinder; external leaks
Leaky valve

Loose oil line connections,
leaks in line or broken lines

Tighten all hose connections and
replace any damaged O-rings at
leaking O-ring fittings. Check and
replace any damaged hoses and lines.

Excessive back pressure

Relieve condition. Restriction may be
from outlet to reservoir.
Clean valve spool. Binding is usually
caused from an over tightened plug,
mounting bolt, fitting in valve body or
tie rod bolt. If a plug or fitting in the
valve body is leaking, do not overtighten
in an effort to stop leak. This will distort
body casting and cause spools to bind.
Instead, the plug and fitting should be
removed from valve body and be
reconnected, using a new O-ring. Do
not apply excessive pressure on
mounting bolts. The rods should be
torqued to 30 ft. lbs. Never force spool.

Paint on valve spool; sticking
valve spool or scored valve
spool

Sticky valve spool

Replace or rebuild the cylinder; replace
damaged parts.

Ball in anti-cavitation check
valve is stuck or not seating
properly.

Clean anti-cavitation valve carefully,
being sure that checks move freely and
seat properly, or replace cartridge.

Paint on valve spool; sticking
valve spool or scored valve
spool

Bent spool
Foreign particles
Misalignment of control handle
linkage

Replace with new spool section.
Clean system and valve.
Check linkage for binding condition.

Troubleshooting (Continued)
Problem

Cause

Correction

Unable to push valve
spool in

Paint on valve spool; sticking
valve spool or scored valve
spool

Clean valve spool. Binding is usually
caused from an overtightened plug,
mounting bolt, fitting in valve body or
tie rod bolt. If a plug or fitting in the valve
body is leaking, do not overtighten in an
effort to stop leak. This will distort body
casting and cause spools to bind. Instead,
the plug and fitting should be removed
from valve body and be reconnected,
using a new O-ring. Do not apply
excessive pressure on mounting bolts.
The rods should be torqued to 30 ft. lbs.
Never force spool.
Remove cap. If it contains oil replace spool
seal O-rings. Check O-ring retainer to be
sure it is flat. If it has been “belled” check
for restriction from outlet to reservoir of
valve which would cause excessive back
pressure. If supply and return lines are
reversed, pressure on low pressure / return
side of valve will cause problem.
Make sure hoses are connected correctly
at bulkhead connection on backhoe.

Oil leakage past spool seal into
spool cap

Spring centered spools
do not return to neutral

Bent spool
Foreign particles
Misalignment of control handle
linkage

Replace with new spool section.
Clean system and valve.
Check linkage for binding condition.

Paint on valve spool; sticking
valve spool or scored valve
spool

Clean valve spool. Binding is usually
caused from an over tightened plug,
mounting bolt, fitting in valve body or
tie rod bolt. If a plug or fitting in the
valve body is leaking, do not overtighten
in an effort to stop leak. This will distort
body casting and cause spools to bind.
Instead, the plug and fitting should be
removed from valve body and be
reconnected, using a new O-ring. Do
not apply excessive pressure on
mounting bolts. The rods should be
torqued to 30 ft. lbs. Never force spool.
Remove cap. If it contains oil replace spool
seal O-rings. Check O-ring retainer to be
sure it is flat. If it has been “belled” check
for restriction from outlet to reservoir of
valve which would cause excessive back
pressure. If supply and return lines are
reversed, pressure on low pressure / return
side of valve will cause problem.
Make sure hoses are connected correctly
at bulkhead connection on backhoe.

Oil leakage past spool seal into
spool cap

Broken return springs
Bent spool
Foreign particles
Misalignment of control handle
linkage
22

Replace springs.
Replace with new spool section.
Clean system and valve.
Check linkage for binding condition.

Figure 11

VALVE REPAIR

Position Pin
Bushing

FLOAT ASSEMBLY
Spring
Bushing

SPOOL CONTROL KIT

7. Thoroughly clean the O-ring counterbores and the
ground surfaces of each section. Place O-ring seals,
ordered as a kit, in proper counterbores. For better
sealing, it is recommended that all O-rings used in the
counterbores be replaced with new parts.

Replace Center Section Assemblies:
Note: For the purpose of these instructions we will consider
the section containing the MAIN RELIEF VALVE as the left
side of the valve.

1. Remove control valve from the backhoe.

8. Replace the sections on tie rods with the O-ring
counterbores facing the right end of the valve. Be
careful replacing the sections so that the section Orings are not moved from the counterbores.

2. Thoroughly clean the exterior of the valve before
beginning disassembly procedures.
3. Since the valve will be assembled in the same
order, each section should be marked numerically so
that they can be reassembled in the same sequence.

9. When all sections are assembled on the tie rods,
tighten the tie rod nuts equally to 30 ft. lbs. torque, NO
MORE - NO LESS, or spools may bind and stick.

4. Mount the valve vertically in a vise to facilitate disassembly and assembly.

Replacing Spool Seals:

5. Remove the 3 tie rod nuts from the right end section, using a thin-wall socket.

Note: For the purpose of these instructions we will consider the control handle side of the valve as the TOP, and the
opposite side as the BOTTOM.

6. Valve sections can now be removed by sliding the
sections along the tie rods.
23

1. Remove control valve from the backhoe.

B. Float Kit Only:

2. Thoroughly clean the exterior of the valve before
beginning disassembly procedures.

All parts inside cap are lubricated with synthetic
base grease grade NLGI2. Install new o-ring seal
over valve spool and insert seal in counterbore.
Replace backup washer, control bushing, control
spring, control bushing and positioner pin, being
careful to orient items per Figure 11.

3. At the BOTTOM of the valve remove screws, cap
and spool control kit. Keep parts in order of disassembly. See figure 11 for parts involved in the makeup of the spool control kit.
IMPORTANT: DO NOT remove the spool from the
valve. The seals can be replaced externally.
Prevent spools from rotating or moving by inserting a rod through the hole in the spool and using
the rod as a handle. DO NOT hold the spool with a
wrench. This will destroy the finish.

7. At the BOTTOM of the valve replace cap and
screws, reversing the order in which they were disassembled in step 3. Torque screws to 5 ft. lbs.

4. At the BOTTOM of the valve, remove the backup
ring and spool o-ring seal.

9. At the TOP of the valve remove screws, flange,
dust cover, backup ring and spool o-ring seal.

5. Thoroughly clean counterbores.

10. Thoroughly clean counterbore.

8. At the top of valve remove all parts connected to
the spool (handles, linkage, etc.)

6. Install new seals:

11. Lightly oil new o-ring seal. Slide o-ring seal over
valve spool and insert seal in counterbore. Replace
backup ring, dust cover, flange and screws. Torque
screws to 5 ft. lbs.

A. Spool Control Kit Only:
All parts inside cap are lubricated with synthetic base
grease NLGI1. Slide o-ring seal over valve spool and
insert seal in counterbore. Replace backup washer
and spool control kit.

12. Reattach all parts connected to the spool (handle, linkage, etc.).

ASSEMBLY
Basic components for all models can be identified in Figure 12. Refer to Page 43 for photographs of unit on shipping pallet.

General:

Assembly(2185 & 2195) - Figure 12

The backhoe has been partially disassembled and
strapped to a skid for shipping purposes. Initial installation on the tractor will require a hoist or other device
capable of safely lifting the entire backhoe from the skid.
After the initial installation is complete, the backhoe can
serve as its own erecting hoist, by lowering stabilizers
and bucket to the ground. Additional lifting devices will
not be required for normal removal and reattaching.

IMPORTANT: Tighten all hardware to torque
requirements specified in torque chart on page 45.
1. Remove the stabilizer assemblies and any miscellaneous
items which have been fastened to the skid and arrange
conveniently.
CAUTION
DO NOT cut any strapping that
fastens the backhoe mainframe
and swing frame to the skid
base at this time

Figure 12

2. Support boom (A) and dipperstick (B) with hoist
attached at (C) and remove boom transport lock pin.
Lower boom and extend dipperstick until end of dipperstick is approximately 16” above the ground.
Move control handles to “BOOM DOWN” position and
“CROWD OUT” position as required to aid movement.

CAUTION
Be sure hoist being used is suitable, has sufficient capacity and
is in the proper position. Do not
allow anyone under a backhoe
member supported by hoist.

E
D
I

G
H

3. Remove parts bag containing bucket pins from
backhoe. Attach bucket (D) to dipperstick (B) using
one pin, 3/8” bolt, and locknut.

6. Attach stabilizer cylinders (H) to stabilizers (F)
using pins and hardware from parts bag.
7. Using caution to prevent tipping, raise mainframe
(G) with hoist to a height of approximately 17” and
remove skid. Block mainframe (G) and swing frame (J)
securely.

4. Attach bucket link (E) to bucket, using same hardware as listed for step #3.
5. Reposition hoist on backhoe to prevent tipping and
raise mainframe (G) slightly. Remove all remaining
strapping and attach stabilizers (F) to mainframe (G)
using pins and hardware from parts bag.

8. Follow the Attaching Kit Assembly Instructions to
mount the backhoe to the tractor. Check the installation carefully and make sure that all members are correctly installed and securely fastened.
CAUTION

Assembly: (2165 & 2175) - Figure 12
(See “General” note, page 24)

Be sure hoist being used is suitable, has sufficient capacity, and is in the proper position. Do
not allow anyone under a backhoe member supported by hoist.

IMPORTANT: Tighten all hardware to torque
requirements specified in torque chart on page 45.

3. Remove parts bag containing bucket pins from
backhoe. Attach bucket (D) to dipperstick (B) using
one pin, 3/8” bolt, and locknut.

CAUTION
DO NOT cut any strapping that fastens the backhoe mainframe and swing frame to the skid at
this time.

4. Attach bucket link (E) to bucket, using same hardware as listed for step #3.

1. Remove the stabilizer assemblies and any miscellaneous items which have been fastened to skid and
arrange conveniently. Be sure hoses to stabilizer cylinders are routed above the cylinder-to-mainframe pivot pin
connection.

5. Reposition hoist on backhoe to prevent tipping and
raise mainframe (G) slightly. Remove all remaining
strapping and crate base. Using caution to prevent
tipping, raise mainframe (G) to approximately 13” and
block mainframe and swing frame (J) securely.

2. Support boom (A) and dipperstick (B) with hoist
attached at (C) and remove boom transport lock pin.
Lower boom and extend dipperstick until end of dipperstick is approximately 16” above the ground. Move
control handles to “BOOM DOWN” position and
“CROWD OUT” position as required to aid movement.

6. Attach stabilizers (F) to mainframe (G) using pins
and hardware from parts bag.
7. Attach stabilizer cylinders (H) to stabilizers (F)
using pins and hardware from parts bag.
8. Follow the Attaching Kit Assembly Instructions to
mount the backhoe to the tractor. Check the installation carefully and make sure that all members are cor-

MOUNTING KITS AND OPTIONAL KITS ASSEMBLY
3- POINT HITCH LINKAGE (For 2165 & 2175)
General Description
same regardless of tractor model and the instructions
for attaching the kit to the backhoe are included
below. See Figure 13 for general appearance.

Mounting and hydraulic kits do not include hoses to
connect the backhoe to the tractor hydraulic system.
Additional hydraulic components, hoses, and/or kits
will be required to complete the hook-up to the tractor
hydraulic system. Refer to the “Hydraulic Hook-up”
section for further information. PTO pump kits are
available as options.

2. To an agricultural tractor using a subframe kit
specifically offered for the tractor model and backhoe
being mounted: The subframe kit instructions differ
with each tractor/backhoe combination and come
included with the individual subframe kit.

Mounting Backhoe to Tractor or Skid
Steer loaders

3. To a skid steer loader using a skid steer adaptor kit
offered for the skid steer model and backhoe series
being mounted. The skid steer adapter kit instructions
differ with each skid steer model/backhoe combination and come included with the individual skid steer
adapter kit.

The Bush Hog backhoe can be mounted to the power
source using three different attaching kits.
1. To an agricultural tractor’s 3-point hitch linkage
using the 3-point hitch kit. The 3-point hitch kit is the
25

IMPORTANT: Tractor lower links must be kept
free of lifting forces at all times after installation
of the attaching kit by keeping tractor quadrant
lever in the lowered position.

3-Point Hitch Linkage 2165 & 2175
The backhoe is mounted on the tractor lower link
arms and an adjustable upper link is supplied to
replace the tractor upper link. A set of stabilizer arms
is included. They bolt from the adjustable upper link
to the backhoe mainframe, locking the hoe rigidly in
one position.

NOTE: If the 3-Point Kit is to be used with a PTO
Pump Kit, the Reservoir Tank and its fittings should
be installed before proceeding with the 3-Point Kit
installation.

Figure 13 Ag Tractor using 3-point hitch

using 3/4 x 4-1/2” bolt (15), flat washers (9), lockwasher (10) and nut (11). Use hoist to raise or lower
backhoe slightly until a hole in the upper bar aligns
with a hole in the upper braces. See Figure 14.

ASSEMBLY (Refer to Figures 14 & 15)
IMPORTANT: Tighten all hardware to the torque
requirements specified in the torque chart.
WARNING

6. Attach RH lower link weldment (1) and LH lower
link weldment (2) to backhoe mainframe using 7/8” x
2-1/2” bolt (16), flat washers (17), lockwasher (18),
and nut (19). See Figure 15.

To prevent bodily injury, do not operate backhoe
unless Link Weldments (Figure 15 - Items 1 & 2)
are properly installed and adjusted. Failure to do
so may result in backhoe being thrust upward,
crushing operator against cab or ROPS.

7. Align RH and LH link weldment (1, 2) with a hole in
the upper bar/brace assembly, as close to the tractor
as possible. Use 3/4 x 6” bolt (20), flat washers (9),
lockwasher (10), and nut (11). See Figure 15. You may
need to return to Step 6 and reajust the bolt connection
upward or downward .

1. Use hoist to raise the backhoe mainframe so that
the boom pivot pin is aproximately 13” off the
ground.
2. Back tractor close to the backhoe. Connect tractor
lower link arms to lower link mounts at position “C”,
Figure 14, using two L-pins (3), two cotter pins (4), and
two wire form cotter pins (5) as shown in Figure 15.

8. Remove backhoe from the tractor.
9. Install connector bar (21) to RH and LH lower link
weldments (1, 2) using 1/2 x 1-1/2” bolt (22), lockwasher (23), and nut (24). See Figure 15.

NOTE: If tractor has a Category II hitch, install two
bushings (6) in lower link arms as shown in Figure 15.

10. Tighten all hardware at this time. Check your installation very carefully to be sure all members are correctly installed and securely fastened.

3. Attach upper braces (7), Figure 15, to backhoe with
3/4 x 7-1/2” bolt (8), flat washers (9), lockwasher (10)
and nut (11). Do not tighten hardware at this time.

11. If using optional PTO Pump Kit, proceed to that
section prior to mounting the backhoe onto the tractor.

4. Install bushing (12) or bushing (13) that most closely matches the diameter of the tractor upper link pin in
the hole of the upper bar (14), as shown in Figure 15.
No bushing is necessary for Category II tractors.

12. Connect hoses from the backhoe control valve to
the tractor hydraulic system as described in “Hydraulic
Hook-Up” section, prior to mounting the backhoe onto
the tractor.

5. Secure upper bar (14) between upper braces (7)
Figure 14

Tractor Upper
Link Weldment

Upper Brace
Upper Bar

Backhoe
Mainframe
C
Boom Pivot Pin

Link Weldment
27

Tractor Lower Link

Figure 15
(2165 &2175)

22
11

21
11 10 9

12
13

11
10
9

9
7

15
2

19
9

18
8

17
16

6
3

2185/2195

3-POINT HITCH LINKAGE
3-Point Hitch Linkage

IMPORTANT- Tractor lower links must be kept
free of lifting forces at all times after installation
of the attaching kit by keeping tractor quadrant
lever in the lowered position.

The backhoe is mounted on the tractor lower link
arms and an adjustable upper link is supplied to
replace the tractor upper link. A set of stabilizer arms
are included. They bolt from the adjustable upper
link to the backhoe mainframe, locking the hoe rigidly in one position.

NOTE: If the 3-Point Kit is to be used with a PTO
Pump Kit, the Reservoir Tank and it’s fittings should
be installed before proceeding with the 3-Point Kit
installation.
28

Figure 16
(2185 & 2195)

1
11
10
9

22
21

11 10 9
7 14

12
13

11 10
9

9
7

20
15
2

19
18

17
6

ASSEMBLY

16
3

4
5. Secure upper bar (14) between upper braces (7)
using 3/4 x 4-1/2” bolt (15), flat washers (9), lockwasher (10) and nut (11). Use hoist to raise or lower
backhoe slightly until a hole in the upper bar aligns
with a hole in the upper braces. See Figure 16.

IMPORTANT: Tighten all hardware to the torque
requirements specified in the torque chart on page 45.
WARNING
To prevent bodily injury, do not operate backhoe
unless Link Weldments ( Figure 16 - Items 1 & 2)
are properly installed and adjusted. Failure to do
so may result in backhoe being thrust upward,
crushing operator against cab or ROPS.

6. Attach RH lower link weldment (1) and LH lower
link weldment (2) to backhoe mainframe using 7/8” x
2-1/2” bolt (16), flat washers (17), lockwasher (18),
and nut (19). See Figure 16.
7. Align RH and LH link weldment (1, 2) with a hole in
the upper bar/brace assembly, as close to the tractor
as possible. Use 3/4 x 6” bolt (20), flat washers (9),
lockwasher (10), and nut (11). See Figure 16. You may
need to return to Step 6 and readjust the bolt connection upward or downward .

1. Use hoist to raise the backhoe mainframe so that
the boom pivot pin is approximately 17” off the
ground.
2. Back tractor close to the backhoe. Connect tractor
lower link arms to lower link mounts at position “C”,
Figure 17, using two L-pins (3), two cotter pins (4), and
two wire form cotter pins (5) as shown in Figure 16.

8. Remove backhoe from the tractor.
9. Install connector bar (21) to RH and LH lower link
weldments (1, 2) using 1/2 x 1-1/2” bolt (22), lockwasher (23), and nut (24). See Figure 16.

NOTE: If tractor has a Category II hitch, install two
bushings (6) in lower link arms as shown in Figure 16.

10. Tighten all hardware at this time. Check your installation very carefully to be sure all members are correctly installed and securely fastened.

3. Attach upper braces (7), Figure 16, to backhoe with
3/4 x 7-1/2” bolt (8), flat washers (9), lockwasher (10)
and nut (11). Do not tighten hardware at this time.

11. If using optional PTO Pump Kit, proceed to that
section prior to mounting the backhoe onto the tractor.

4. Install bushing (12) or bushing (13) that most
closely matches the diameter of the tractor upper link
pin in the hole of the upper bar (14), as shown in
Figure 16. No bushing is necessary for Category II
tractors.

12. Connect hoses from the backhoe control valve to
the tractor hydraulic system as described in “Hydraulic
Hook-Up” section, prior to mounting the backhoe onto
the tractor.
29

Figure 17
Upper Bar

Tractor Upper
Link Bracket

Upper Brace

Link Weldment

Tractor Lower Link
C

Backhoe Mainframe

PTO PUMP KITS (Optional)
General Description

Elbow may have to be rotated slightly to allow fill
tube to be installed so that its open end is located
just behind foot platform to right of operator’s seat
tower. Install breather cap with dipstick (18) onto fill
tube.

The PTO Pump Kits consist of those parts required
to power the backhoe from the tractor’s PTO shaft.
They include the PTO pump (6 or 8 gpm) and
adapter, reservoir, filtration system, hydraulic hoses,
and fittings. In addition, they include a torque plate
that straddles the tractor’s draw bar and keeps the
pump from turning with the PTO shaft.

3. If filter element (35) is not already attached to filter
base, apply a thin layer of hydraulic fluid to the rubber seal on the filter element and then screw it onto
the filter base. Hand tighten the element until it just
seats on the filter base, then tighten an additional
3/4 of a turn. Use this same procedure when replacing filter element.

NOTE - The speed of backhoe operations increases
as PTO speed increases.
ASSEMBLY

NOTE - Change filter element every time oil is
changed.

IMPORTANT - When installing fittings, always
use a paste-type thread sealant on perrmanent
connections such as NPT (pipe) threads. DO
NOT use Teflon tape as thread sealant. DO NOT
use thread sealant on union ends of adapters.
DO NOT over-tighten fittings - they can split or
expand causing hydraulic fluid leakage.

4. Assemble 90° adapter fitting (27) to inlet port of filter base and orient so that free end of fitting will
point towards backhoe and angled slightly downward from horizontal. Assemble small 90° beaded
tube fitting (26) to outlet port of filter base and orient
so that free end of fitting will point towards backhoe
and angled about 30° upward from horizontal.
Connect filter assembly (15) to left rear corner of
backhoe foot platform using 1/4” x 3/4” bolts (1), flat
washers (4), and lock washers (6) - flow direction
arrow on filter base should point toward rear of backhoe. DO NOT over-tighten bolts as this will strip the
threads on filter base.

Please refer to Figure 18 as a guide for assembly of
the PTO Pump Kits.
1. Assemble reservoir (16) to backhoe using 3/8” x
1” bolts (2), flat washers (5), lock washers (7), and
hex nuts (10).
2. Assemble 1” street elbow (34) to fill port on top of
reservoir, orienting elbow so that it faces right rear of
backhoe. Connect fill tube (17) to street elbow.

5. Assemble on 90° JIC adapter fitting (28) to
“Out/Return” port of bulkhead connection and an
30

identical fitting to “In/Pressure” port of bulkhead connection. Orient fittings so that free ends of fittings
point horizontally toward center of backhoe.

requires 7 gallons of fluid. Fill reservoir with recommended fluid to correct level, referring to Service
Section in Backhoe Operator’s Manual. DO NOT
overfill reservoir or oil may be forced out through
breather cap during backhoe operation.

6. Take one end of 28” hydraulic hose (23) and route
under foot platform, through hole at top of left hand
backhoe side plate, and connect to 90° adapter fitting (27) at inlet of filter base. Connect free end of
hose to 90° JIC adapter fitting (28) on “Out/Return”
port of bulkhead connection.

16. Mount backhoe to tractor at this time following
procedure in Attaching Kit Manual.
17. Slide complete PTO pump assembly onto tractor
PTO shaft until PTO adapter (13) locks into groove
on PTO shaft. Make sure kinks do not develop in any
hydraulic lines. Suction hose (19) can be shortened
to help prevent kinks. Adjust orientation of 90°
adapter fittings (25, 29) on PTO pump (12) as
required to remove kinks or sharp bends in hoses.

7. Assemble small 90° beaded tube fitting (26) to inlet
port at left rear of hydraulic reservoir and connect 24”
return hose (21) from this fitting to 90° beaded tube
fitting (26) on filter base. Secure hose to fittings at
either end using two small hose clamps (32).
8. Assemble torque plate (33) to PTO pump (12)
using 1/2” x 1-1/2” bolts (3), lock washers (8), and
hex nuts (11). Torque plate may need to be re-oriented later to accommodate different tracator configurations.

CAUTION
DO NOT REMOVE TRACTOR PTO GUARD
18. Torque plate (33) may be adjusted (flipped frontto-back or bottom-to-top) on pump for proper fit-up to
tractor drawbar or 3-Point Hitch Kit, if necessary.
Optimum position is to mount plate pointing down
and over drawbar with offset in torque plate facing
towards tractor. (Refer to Figure 18)

9. Align key slot in PTO adapter (13) with Woodruff
key on PTO pump shaft and slide PTO adapter onto
pump shaft allowing 1/8” clearance between adapater and pump face. Secure PTO adapter to pump
shaft with two 5/16” x 3/4” set screws (14). Place
5/16” hex nuts (9) on set screws and tighten nuts to
prevent set screws from loosening.

An alternate position for torque plate is to mount it
pointing upward straddling upper bar of 3-Point Hitch
Kit. Regardless of which mounting position is used
with torque plate, PTO pump must be restrained from
rotating.

10. Assemble large 90° beaded tube fitting (24) to
outlet port at right rear of hydraulic reservoir and orient free end of fitting horizontally pointing toward left
side of backhoe.

IMPORTANT- When mounting backhoe with 3Point Hitch Kit, do not let hydraulic lines become
entangled in any part of Hitch Kit during installation. Ensure that both pressure and suction
hoses are free from kinks or twists to reduce
back pressure and to prevent excessive heat
build-up.

11. Assemble large 0-ring boss adapater (30) to “IN”
port on PTO pump, tightening fitting until it completely
bottoms-out on pump. Connect 90° beaded tube fitting (25) to 0-ring adapter. Beaded tube fitting may
need to be reoriented later for proper hose routing.

19. Start tractor engine and engage tractor PTO.
Cycle backhoe through all of its functions several
times to remove air from cylinders and hydraulic lines
until all functions operate smoothly. After cycling all
backhoe functions, check oil level with backhoe
extended to full reach and bucket rolled-back and
resting on ground. If oil level on dipstick is below
“ADD” line, add oil to bring oil level up to “FULL” line.
DO NOT overfill reservoir or oil may be forced out
through breather cap during backhoe operation.

12. Connect 30” suction hose (19) between 90°
beaded tube fittings (24, 25) on hydraulic reservoir
and PTO pump and secure hose to fittings at either
end with large hose clamps (20).
13. Assemble small 0-ring boss adapter (31) to
“OUT” port on PTO pump tightening fitting until it
completely bottoms-out on pump. Connect 90° JIC
adapter (29) to 0-ring adapter. JIC adapter may need
to be reoriented later for proper hose routing.

HYDRAULIC HOOK-UP TO TRACTOR

14. Connect 36” hydraulic hose (22) between 90° JIC
adapters (29, 28) on PTO pump and “In/Pressure”
port on bulkhead connection.

If the optional PTO Pump Kit is to be used, refer to
the instructions for that kit for proper assembly.

IMPORTANT - If hoses are hooked-up incorrectly,
serious damage to the backhoe will result.

There are four basic methods of hooking up the
backhoe to the hydraulic system of a tractor. The correct method for the particular tractor will depend on
the remote couplers available, whether a loader

15. NOTE: Initial filling of backhoe reservoir
31

1, 6, 4

Figure 18
15
35
26
Torque Plate Shown In “Up”
Position Around 3-Point Hitch Link 32
18

17
21

34
2
5

7
10
32
26

31
Torque Plate In
“Down” Position

5 7

29
3
20

14
9
12
9
13

valve or other accessory valve is connected to the
tractor system, and whether the tractor has an opencenter system (constant pumping of oil to control
valve and back to reservoir) or a closed-center system (no flow of oil until there is a demand at one
hydraulic cylinder). The four hook-up methods are
described below.
IMPORTANT: Follow instructions carefully when
connecting backhoe to tractor hydraulic system.
The decal shown at right is located on the front left
hand side of the control console.

When a loader valve or other accessory valve must
be connected to the tractor hydraulic system in addition to the backhoe control valve, a Power Beyond
Kit is required. This kit converts the backhoe valve so
that pressurized hydraulic oil can be directed to
another open-center valve for a loader or other
accessory. This allows the backhoe valve and the
other valve to be connected to the tractor hydraulic
system simultaneously, without the inconvenience of
using a flow diverting valve.

NOTE: Do not connect hoses from the backhoe
control valve to the tractor hydraulic system until initial assembly of mounting kit is complete.
1. OPEN-CENTER SYSTEM WITH LOADER VALVE
OR OTHER ACCESSORY VALVE CONNECTED TO
THE TRACTOR HYDRAULIC SYSTEM
32

Since the Power Beyond Kit is used with open-center tractor hydraulic systems, oil constantly flows
from the pump, through the backhoe valve and the
loader valve or other accessory valve, and then to
the reservoir. See further in this manual for instructions on proper assembly.

IMPORTANT: Never connect the return hose to a
tractor remote coupler which can be pressurized.
Accidental pressurization can cause serious
damage to backhoe valve.
4. OPEN-CENTER SYSTEM WITH RETURN OIL
REQUIRED FOR LUBRICATION - Figure 20

2. CLOSED CENTER SYSTEM: (2165)

On some tractors, the return oil cannot be routed
directly to the reservoir because it is required for the
lubrication of other functions. Check this characteristic with your dealer. The pressure hose (A) must be
connected from the pressure port at the backhoe
bulkhead connection to the pressure port of the tractor’s remote couplers or directly to the tractor valve.
The return hose (B) must be connected from the
tank (return) port at the backhoe bulkhead connection to a surge relief valve as shown in Figure 20.

Because a closed-center system requires no flow of
oil through the backhoe control valve when the
levers are in a neutral position, the 2165 backhoe
must not be connected to a closed-center tractor
hydraulic system. A PTO pump kit is required if
the backhoe is to be mounted to a tractor with a
closed-center hydraulic system.
IMPORTANT: Do not connect a 2165 backhoe
control valve to a closed-center tractor hydraulic
system, or serious damage to backhoe valve or
tractor hydraulic system may result.

NOTE: The surge relief valve is not supplied with the
backhoe or mounting kit and must be ordered separately to complete this type hydraulic hook-up.

3. OPEN-CENTER SYSTEM WITH RETURN OIL
NOT REQUIRED FOR LUBRICATION - Figure 19

Complete the hydraulic hook-up by connecting the
surge relief valve to the return port of tractor remote
couplers or directly to the tractor valve, and by connecting a hose from TANK port of the surge relief
valve to the tractor reservoir as shown in Figure 20.
The surge relief valve is used to protect the backhoe
valve from damage caused by accidental pressurization or high back pressure build-up. If this happens,
oil will be vented from the TANK port of the surge
relief valve to the tractor reservoir to prevent loss of
vented oil.

The pressure hose (A) should be connected from the
pressure port at the backhoe bulkhead connection to
the pressure port of the tractor remote couplers or
directly to the tractor valve. The return hose (B)
should be connected from the tank (return) port at
the backhoe bulkhead connection directly to a port
on the reservoir, as shown in Figure 19.

Figure 19

Backhoe Valve
Backhoe Bulkhead
Connectors

To Tractor Reservoir

B
A

Tractor
Coupler Tip

Tank
Hoses Supplied
By Customer

To Pressure Port
Of Oil Supply

Pressure
Figure 20

To Tractor Reservoir

To Return Port
Of Oil Supply

Backhoe Valve
B
Backhoe Bulkhead
Connectors
A

Tractor
Coupler Tips

Tank
Hoses Supplied
By Customer
Pressure
33

To Pressure Port
Of Oil Supply

occurs. As the system pressure is approaching maximum, the pump is also beginning to stroke back for less
and less fluid delivery. At maximum pressure, the pump
is completely destroked and there is no delivery.

Hydraulic Hook-Up (2175, 2185, 2195)
For Tractors With Closed-Center Hydraulic Systems
(Figure 21)
There are two basic types of hydraulic systems, opencenter and closed-center. The open-center system constantly pumps oil through the hydraulic cylinder operating valves and returns the oil to the reservoir. The
closed-center system does not pump oil until there is a
demand for oil from one of the hydraulic cylinders.
In this case, CLOSED-CENTER means that when the
operating valves which control the hydraulic cylinders
are in the neutral position, there is no flow of oil through
the valves. As long as the engine and pump are running, a constant stand-by oil pressure of approximately
2000 PSI or more is maintained in the system. Pressure
oil is available instantaneously to go to work when any
one of the operating valves is opened.

Therefore, when working various backhoe functions at
or near maximum ability, a closed center system will
give the operator the impression that the backhoe is
sluggish and somewhat unresponsive. Learning to ease
up slightly at the first indication of slow down will permit
the backhoe to perform at continuing maximum speed
and efficiency.

Hook-Up Diagram
To Tractor
Reservoir

Figure 21
Remove port “C” plug and install
closed center plug inside port.
Re-install Port “C” plug

Surge Relief Valve

Backhoe Valve

Because there must be no flow through the backhoe
control valve when the levers are in neutral position, the
backhoe must be converted for closed-center operation.

Main Relief Backhoe Bulkhead
Valve
Connectors

Hook-Up Requirements

Tractor
Coupler Tips

Tank

The hook-up of the BH750, BH850, & BH950 Backhoes
to the closed-center system requires more than connecting it to the remote couplers. The required devices
are:

Pressure

1. A flow restrictor in the pressure line to keep the speed
of the backhoe operation within safe and acceptable limits.

Hoses Supplied
By Customer

For John Deere Tractors use reservoir plug. Remove
plug, drill with 37/64 drill, and tap 3/8 NPT pipe. Screw
adapter into plug, locking with Locktite to assure
assembly will remain together during connecting
and disconnecting procedures. Obtain another plug
from your dealer to use when backhoe is removed.

2. A main relief valve in the backhoe control valve with a
pressure setting that is always higher than the tractor
system pressure.
3. A closed-center plug in the backhoe control valve to
make it a non-circulating or a demand type system.

For other tractor makes, use filler plug, drain plug,
or any other port that goes directly into the hydraulic
reservoir. Do not rely only on the remote coupler
return.
Figure 22

4. A low pressure surge relief valve in the return line
to keep the tractor back pressure surges from damaging the backhoe control valve seals or tractor system. A surplus flow line from the relief valve carries only
the excess surge oil directly back to the tractor hydraulic
reservoir so that it bypasses all other tractor functions.

JOHN DEERE - DIAL APPROXIMATELY
AS SHOWN

Backhoe Operation
For the most part, a backhoe will function about the
same whether it is powered by an open-center or
closed-center hydraulic system. However, there are
some differences which the operator should be aware of
when utilizing a closed-center hydraulic system.
As a backhoe function (lifting, actuating the bucket to fill
it, etc.) becomes increasingly difficult and the hydraulic
system pressure is rising closer to its maximum setting,
there will be a noticeable slow down before stoppage

Typical plug for surplus relief flow line. Check carefully that it enters the reservoir before using. Note
that the location varies with different tractor makes
and models. A John Deere Tractor is shown.
34

POWER BEYOND KITS
FOR TRACTORS WITH OPEN-CENTER HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS
When connecting the Great Bend backhoe valve to a
Great Bend front end loader valve, the input pressure
line from the tractor will be connected to the loader
valve first. The power beyond pressure line will be
connected to the input pressure port of the backhoe
valve. In order to properly plumb the system, the
loader valve will require converting to a power beyond
valve. Refer to the Operator’s Manual received with
the loader for the proper assembly of the power
beyond valve.

General Description
A power beyond application is required to convert a
hydraulic valve so that pressurized oil can be directed
to another “open center” valve. This allows the backhoe valve and a loader valve, or other accessory, to
be connected to the tractor hydraulic system simultaneously, without the inconvenience of using a flow
diverting valve.
Since the power beyond application is only required
on “open center” hydraulic systems, oil will be constantly flowing from the pump through the backhoe
and loader or other accessory valve, and then back to
the reservoir. “Open center” refers to this constant
flow through the open center of the valves.

There have been several different valves used on the
Great Bend loader in past years. The fittings required
to convert the Great Bend loader valve to a power
beyond application are included in the loader valve
kit. If the fittings (or plugs) cannot be located, they can
be obtained from Great Bend Service Parts. Before
attempting to order the plug you must first determine
the manufacturer of the loader valve assembled to
your loader. This can be determined from the identification plate located on the valve.

The assembly instructions cover two conditions that
require a power beyond kit to be ordered from Great
Bend. The first procedure shows the recommended
method of connecting a Great Bend loader with a
Great Bend valve to a Great Bend backhoe. The second procedure shows the recommended method for
connecting a Great Bend backhoe and a competitive
loader or a non Great Bend valve. The second is also
used to operate the backhoe and loader off the backhoe PTO pump kit option. In the first procedure, the
power beyond plug is included with the loader valve
when the valve is ordered. The second procedure
requires the power beyond kit for the backhoe valve
be ordered from Great Bend as a separate item.

1. Install the power beyond plug received with the
loader valve into valve cavity as shown in Figure 23
(Page 36). Make sure O-rings on sleeve are positioned properly and are not pinched or damaged.

The hoses and fittings required in either procedure to
connect the two valves together are not supplied. The
proper fittings and hose lengths required must be
determined for each specific application. The parts
must be supplied by the customer.

2. Install a pressure line (supplied by customer)
between the tractor pressure “out” port and the pressure inlet port of the loader valve.

Tractor Preparation

3. Install a pressure line (supplied by customer) between
the power beyond fitting of the loader valve and the pressure inlet port on the backhoe bulkhead connection as
shown in Figure 23.

Stop tractor, lower all attachments to the ground, and
relieve pressure in all hydraulic lines by moving all
control handles back and forth or side to side several
times.

4. Complete assembly of “return” hoses as shown in
Figure 23. Connect tee fitting to return outlet port on the
backhoe bulkhead connector as shown. Connect return
hose from rerturn outlet port of the loader valve to the
branch port of the tee fitting. Hoses and tee supplied by
customer. Connect a second return hose from the tee fitting directly to a port on the tractor reservoir as shown in
Figure 23.

Note: The terms RIGHT and LEFT for all adapter
parts are determined from the position of the operator
when seated in the operating position on the backhoe.

FIRST PROCEDURE
ASSEMBLY OF A BUSH HOG BACKHOE
TO A GREAT BEND LOADER VALVE
IMPORTANT: Improper hydraulic hook-up can
cause serious damage to backhoe control valve or
other hydraulic components. Refer to the Great
Bend loader Operator’s Manual during this procedure.
35

GREAT BEND BACKHOE & GREAT BEND LOADER VALVE
Figure 23
NOTE: Large loader valve (Walvoil)
shown. Small loader valve porting is
different. Refer to loader operator’s
manual for different valves.

Outlet
Inlet
Great Bend Loader Valve

Open Center
Plug

From Tractor
Pressure
Outlet Port

To Tractor
Reservoir Port

Power Beyond Plug
(Supplied With Valve)

Backhoe Bulkhead Connection
(Located on inside of mainframe
side plate at left rear of hoe)

Backhoe Valve
Return Line
Pressure To
Backhoe Valve

IMPORTANT: Never connect the return hose to a tractor remote
coupler which can be pressurized. Accidental pressurization can
cause serious damage to backhoe valve.

sure port of the loader valve. The power beyond kit
for the backhoe being assembled must be ordered as
a separate item from Great Bend.

SECOND PROCEDURE
ASSEMBLY OF A GREAT BEND BACKHOE
TO A NON GREAT BEND LOADER VALVE OR - GREAT BEND BACKHOE TO LOADER
VALVE USING PTO PUMP KIT OPTION

Assembly
1. Remove the front cover that encloses the backhoe valve within the control console.

Assembly of a Great Bend backhoe to a non-Great
Bend loader valve, OR a Great Bend Backhoe to a
loader valve using the PTO Pump Kit option.

2. Carefully clean the top and front sides of the
backhoe valve and remove the large “Port C”
plug located on the front of the right hand end
section of the valve.

IMPORTANT:
● Improper hydraulic hook-up can cause serious damage to the backhoe control valve,
loader valve, tractor valve, and other
hydraulic components.

3. Install power beyond / closed center plug inside
of port. Make sure power beyond / closed center
plug is tightly engaged.
4. Install 90° male adapter into “C” port with open
end of adapter (JIC side) oriented so that it points
down and towards the right side of the backhoe.

● The pressure supply line from the PTO pump
must be connected to the pressure inlet port
on the backhoe bulkhead connection whether
using a Great Bend loader valve or a nonGreat Bend loader valve. Never connect the
pressure supply line from the PTO pump to
the loader valve pressure inlet port because
excessive pressure will build up resulting in
damage to the PTO pump.

5. Connect hydraulic hose (supplied by customer) to
90° male adapter. The hydraulic hose should
have the same pressure rating as the original
pressure hose to the loader or other accessory
valve.
6. Connect the other end of the hydraulic hose to the
pressure port of the loader or accessory valve
using fittings (supplied by customer) as required.
Refer to Figure 24.

The following instructions are to be used to connect
the backhoe valve in line with a loader valve that is
not a Great Bend loader valve. When connecting the
Great Bend backhoe valve to a loader valve other
than one obtained from Great Bend, the input pressure line from the tractor will be connected to the
pressure port on the backhoe bulkhead connection
first. In order to properly plumb the system, the backhoe valve will require converting to a power beyond
valve. The power beyond pressure line from the
backhoe valve will be connected to the input presTo Tractor Reservoir
Port or Backhoe
Return Filter Inlet

Figure 24

7. Complete assembly of the backhoe “pressure”
and “return” hydraulic hoses and a tee fitting (all supplied by customer) as shown.
8. Complete assembly of the loader or accessory
valve “return” hydraulic hose (supplied by customer) to the tee fitting as shown.
Loader Or
Accessory Valve

Remove port “C” plug and
install closed center plug
inside port.

Inlet

Outlet
Return From
Loader Valve

Backhoe Valve
Return From
Backhoe Valve

Pressure To
Loader Valve

Pressure To
Backhoe Valve
Pressure

Backhoe Bulkhead
Connector

From Tractor Pressure
“Out” Port Or Outlet Port
Of PTO Pump

FLOW DIVIDER KIT (Optional)

Backhoe Mounted to Tractor

General Description

1. Assemble three 90° male adapters (10) to flow
divider valve as shown in Figure 25.

The Flow Divider Kit consists of those parts required
to power the backhoe from tractors or skid steer
loaders that have hydraulic flow rates above 12 gallons per minute (gpm). It includes the flow divider
valve, hydraulic hoses to connect the valve to the
backhoe, and adapter fittings. This kit does not
include the hoses required to connect the flow
divider valve to the tractor or skid steer loader.
These hoses may be obtained from your local dealership and must have 7/8” - 14 JIC (37°flare) female
threads to connect to the flow divider valve.

2. Assemble flow divider valve (5) to backhoe mount valve to inside face of right hand side plate
using 5/16” x 2-1/2” bolts (1) and lock nuts (3).
Orient valve so that wording on valve can be read
after valve is mounted to backhoe.
3. Assemble JIC swivel run tee (9) to proper port on
flow divider valve according to instructions that
follow.
Tractors with an auxiliary hydraulic flow of 15
gpm or less

NOTE - Tighten all hardware to the torque requirements specified in the torque chart.

Connect JIC swivel run tee (9) to 90° male adapter
(10) on “K3” port on valve as shown in Figure 26.

Assembly
IMPORTANT - If hoses are hooked-up incorrectly,
serious damage to the backhoe valve will result.
DO NOT use thread sealant on union ends of
adapters. DO NOT over-tighten fittings - they can
split or expand causing hydraulic fluid leakage.

Figure 26
FOR TRACTOR HYDRAULIC
FLOW OF 15 GPM OR LESS

Figure 25
FLOW DIVIDER
VALVE TO
BACKHOE MOUNTING

10
Pressure Line
From Tractor

K3
8

3
10

Return Line
To Tractor

1
5
10

7
11

To Backhoe Bulkhead
“Return” Connection
To Backhoe Bulkhead
“Pressure” Connection

7
38

Tractors with an auxiliary hydraulic flow greater
than 15 gpm

Testing Backhoe Hydraulic Hook-Up
1. Start tractor engine.

Connect JIC swivel run tee (9) to 90° male adapter (10)
on “K2” port on valve as shown in Figure 27.

2. Set parking brake and engage tractor remote
hydraulics so that oil flows to backhoe. NOTE!
Consult tractor Operator’s Manual for proper
operation.

IMPORTANT - The location of the JIC swivel run tee
will ensure that proper flow is provided to the backhoe for smooth operation. The flow into the valve
from the tractor is divided between the two outlet
ports “K2” and “K3”. The hydraulic flow is split so
that 60% is flowing from the “K2” port and 40% is
flowing from the “K3” port.

3. Exit tractor and sit in backhoe operator’s seat.
4. To remove air from backhoe hydraulic system,
slowly cycle all backhoe functions (stabilizers,
boom, dipperstick, bucket, and swing) several
times. Be sure to cycle stabilizers first and then
lower both stabilizer arms into operating position
before cycling other backhoe functions.

4. Assemble 90° JIC adapter (8) to branch port of
swivel run tee fitting (9).
5. Assemble 45° JIC adapters (7) to both
“In/Pressure” and “Out/Return” ports on the backhoe bulkhead connection.

5. Exit backhoe, disengage tractor remote
hydraulics, stop engine, and check tractor
hydraulic fluid level.

6. Connect 24” hydraulic hose (11) between 45° JIC
adapter (7) on backhoe “In/Pressure” bulkhead
connection and single 90° male adapter (10) located under flow divider valve.

Backhoe Mounted to Skid Steer Loader
1. Assemble 90° male adapter (10) to inlet port at
bottom of flow divider valve as shown in Figure 28.

7. Connect 24” hydraulic hose (11) between 45° JIC
adapter (7) on backhoe “Out/Return” bulkhead connection and JIC swivel run tee (9) on flow divider
valve.

2. Assemble flow divider valve (5) to Great Bend
skid steer adapter using 5/16” x 2-1/2” bolts (1) and
lock nuts (3), 5/8” x 1” bolts (2), 5/8” lockwashers (4)
and valve mount plate (12). Orient valve so that
wording on valve can be read after valve is mounted
to skid steer adapter.

8. Assemble quick coupler (supplied by customer) to
pressure line hydraulic hose (supplied by customer)
and connect free end of hose to 90° male adapter
(10) at top of flow divider valve.

3. Assemble remainder of fittings to flow divider
valve according to instructions that follow.

9. Assemble quick coupler (supplied by customer) to
return line hydraulic hose (supplied by customer)
and connect free end of hose to 90° JIC adapter (8)
on flow divider valve.

10
Pressure Line
From Tractor

10. Carefully route pressure and return line hydraulic
hoses to tractor remote hydraulic connections.
Remove dust caps from tractor remote hydraulic
connections and connect hoses to the appropriate port on tractor.

K3
8
Return Line
To Tractor

Figure 27

FOR TRACTOR HYDRAULIC
FLOW GREATER THAN 15 GPM

7
11
To Backhoe Bulkhead
“Pressure” Connection
To Backhoe Bulkhead
“Return” Connection

7
39

Skid Steers with an auxiliary hydraulic flow of 15
gpm or less - Figure 29

nection and JIC swivel run tee (9) on flow divider
valve.

Assemble straight male adapter (6) to “K3” port on
valve as shown in Figure 29. Assemble JIC swivel
run tee (9) to straight male adapter (6). Assemble
90° male adapter (10) to “K2” port on valve.

8. Assemble quick coupler (supplied by customer) to
pressure line hydraulic hose (supplied by customer)
and connect free end of hose to 90° male adapter
(10) at bottom of flow divider valve.

Skid Steers with an auxiliary hydraulic flow
greater than 15 gpm - Figure 30

9. Assemble quick coupler (supplied by customer) to
return line hydraulic hose (supplied by customer)
and connect free end of hose to 90° JIC adapter (8)
on flow divider valve.

Assemble straight male adapter (6) to “K2” port on
valve as shown in Figure 30. Assemble JIC swivel
run tee (9) to straight adapter (6). Assemble 90°
male adapter (10) to “K3” port on valve.

10. Carefully route pressure and return line hydraulic
hoses to tractor hydraulic connections. Remove dust
caps from tractor hydraulic connections and connect
hoses to the appropriate port on tractor.

IMPORTANT - The location of the JIC swivel run
tee will ensure that proper flow is provided to the
backhoe for smooth operation. The flow into the
valve from the skid steer is divided between the
two outlet ports “K2” and “K3”. The hydraulic
flow is split so that 60% is flowing from the “K2”
port and 40% is flowing from the “K3” port.

Testing Backhoe Hydraulic Hook-Up
1. Start skid steer loader engine.
2. Set parking brake and engage auxiliary boom
hydraulics so that oil flows to backhoe. NOTE!
Consult skid steer Operator’s Manual for proper
operation.

4. Assemble 90° JIC adapter (8) to through port of
swivel run tee fitting (9).

3. Exit skid steer and sit in backhoe operator’s seat.

5. Assemble 45° JIC adapters (7) to both
“In/Pressure” and “Out/Return” ports on the backhoe
bulkhead connection.

4. To remove air from backhoe hydraulic system,
slowly cycle all backhoe functions (stabilizers, boom,
dipperstick, bucket, and swing) several times. Be
sure to cycle stabilizers first and then lower both stabilizer arms into operating position before cycling
other backhoe functions.

6. Connect 24” hydraulic hose (11) between 45° JIC
adapter (7) on backhoe “In/Pressure” bulkhead connection and single 90° male adapter (10) located on
top of flow divider valve.

5. Exit backhoe, disengage auxiliary boom
hydraulics, stop engine, and check skid steer
hydraulic fluid level.

7. Connect 24” hydraulic hose (11) between 45° JIC
adapter (7) on backhoe “Out/Return” bulkhead con-

Figure 28
FLOW DIVIDER VALVE TO SKID
STEER ADAPTER MOUNTING

6
10

3
5

12
4
1

2
10
40

Figure 29
FOR SKID STEER HYDRAULIC
FLOW OF 15 GPM OR LESS

Return Line
To Skid Steer

10
6

K2
7

5
To Backhoe Bulkhead
“Return” Connection

To Backhoe Bulkhead
“Pressure” Connection

Pressure Line
From Skid Steer

8
Figure 30
FOR SKID STEER HYDRAULIC
FLOW GREATER THAN 15 GPM

Return Line
To Skid Steer

6
10
K2
K3

5
To Backhoe Bulkhead
“Return” Connection

Pressure Line
From Skid Steer

To Backhoe Bulkhead
“Pressure” Connection

7
41

BACKHOES - DIMENSIONS AND SPECIFICATIONS

SERIES

2165

2175

2185

2195

Maximum Digging Depth

7’0”

8’0”

9’0”

10’0”

A. Digging Depth (two foot flat bottom)

6’6”

7’6”

8’6”

9’6”

B. Swing Arc

180°

C. Loading Height (bucket at 60°)

4’4”

5’4”

6’8”

7’6”

D. Reach from Center Line of Swing Pivot

9’4”

10’

11’1”

12’4”

E. Transport Height (maximum)

5’6”

6’7”

6’11”

8’0”

F. Bucket Rotation

180°

G. Loading Reach (bucket at 60°)

4’6”

3’9”

4’1”

4’7”

H. Transport Overhang

3’8”

3’9”

4’5”

4’9”

I. Undercut

2’6”

2’9”

3’

3’0”

J. Stabilizer Spread, down position

7’2”

8’9”

K. Stabilizer Spread, up position

3’7”

4’7”

Bucket Cylinder Digging Force

2970 lbs.

3380 lbs.

4023 lbs.

4668 lbs.

Dipperstick Cylinder Digging Force`

1480 lbs.

2240 lbs.

2445 lbs.

3261 lbs.

6 GPM

6 to 8 GPM

2400 psi.

18 - 35 HP

25 - 50 HP

35 - 100 HP

55 - 100HP

Hydraulic Volume Requirements
Hydraulic Pressure Requirements
Recommended Tractor HP Requirements

Specifications May Vary Depending on Tractor Model and are Subject to Change Without Notification. Tractors Must Be Equipped
with ROPS and Seat belt That Will Provide Better Safety.

REPOSITION STABILIZER CYLINDERS BEFORE
REMOVING BACKHOE FROM SHIPPING PALLET
Cylinder ports must be pointing upward and hoses routed above the cylinder to mainframe pivot pin connection.

Palletized backhoe as shipped from factory. Remove stabilizers and fasteners
from pallet. Position stabilizer between
mounting lugs and pin into place. Cut
plastic ties from rod ends of hydraulic
cylinders, swing down and pull rod end
out to align with stabilizer mounting lugs.
Pin into place with provided fasteners.
Stabilizers and
Fasteners

Hydraulic Cylinder

Stabilizer
Hydraulic Cylinder Rod
43

SAFETY DECALS
The safety of the operator was a prime consideration in the design of the backhoe. Proper shielding, convenient controls, simple adjustments and other safety features have been built into this implement. The following
decals are located on the backhoe. Keep decals clean and replace them immediately if they are missing.
Contact your dealer or Great Bend for replacements.

50100238
50102293

50102292

50033364

50102294

50102292

50102523

50033476
44

50033477

TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS
Proper toque for American fasteners used on Great Bend equipment.
Recommended Torque in Foot Pounds (Newton Meters).*

AMERICAN
Bolt Head Markings

SAE Grade 2
(No Dashes)

SAE Grade 5
(3 Dashes)

”
lt
Bo ter “B
e
m
Dia

Wrench
Size “A”

SAE Grade 8
(6 Dashes)

METRIC

Wrench
Size “A”

WRENCH
SIZE (IN.) “A”

BOLT DIAMETER
(IN.) “B” AND
THREAD SIZE

SAE
GRADE 2

SAE
GRADE 5

SAE
GRADE 8

7/16

1/4 - 2O UNC

6 (7)

8 (11)

12 (16)

7/16

1/4 - 28 UNF

6 (8)

10 (13)

14 (18)

1/2

5/16 - 18 UNC

11 (15)

17 (23)

25 (33)

1/2

5/16 - 24 UNF

13 (17)

19 (26)

27 (37)

9/16

3/8 - 16 UNC

20 (27)

31 (42)

44 (60)

9/16

3/8 - 24 UNF

23 (31)

35 (47)

49 (66)

5/8

7/16 - 14 UNC

32 (43)

49 (66)

70 (95)

5/8

7/16 - 20 UNF

36 (49)

55 (75)

78 (106)

3/4

1/2 - 13 UNC

49 (66)

76 (103)

106 (144)

3/4

1/2 - 20 UNF

55 (75)

85 (115)

120 (163)

7/8

9/16 - 12 UNC

70 (95)

109 (148)

153 (207)

7/8

9/16 - 18 UNF

79 (107)

122 (165)

172 (233)

15/16

5/8 - 11 UNC

97 (131)

150 (203)

212 (287)

15/16

5/8 - 18 UNF

110 (149)

170 (230)

240 (325)

1-1/8

3/4 - 10 UNC

144 (195)

266 (360)

376 (509)

1-1/8

3/4 - 16 UNF

192 (260)

297 (402)

420 (569)

1-5/16

7/8 - 9 UNC

166 (225)

430 (583)

606 (821)

1-5/16

7/8 - 14 UNF

184 (249)

474 (642)

668 (905)

1-1/2

1 - 8 UNC

250 (339)

644 (873)

909 (1232)

1-1/2

1 - 12 UNF

274 (371)

705 (955)

995 (1348)

1-1/2

1 - 14 UNF

280 (379)

721 (977)

1019 (1381)

1-11/16

1-1/8 - 7 UNC

354 (480)

795 (1077)

1288(1745)

1-11/16

1-1/8 - 12 UNF

397 (538)

890 (1206)

1444 (1957)

1-7/8

1-1/4 - 7 UNC

500 (678)

1120 (1518)

1817 (2462)

1-7/8

1-1/4 - 12 UNF

553 (749)

1241 (1682)

2013 (2728)

2-1/16

1-3/8 - 6 UNC

655 (887)

1470 (1992)

2382 (3228)

2-1/16

1-3/8 - 12 UNF

746 (1011)

1672 (2266)

2712 (3675)

2-1/4

1-1/2 - 6 UNC

870 (1179)

1950 (2642)

3161 (4283)

2-1/4

1-1/2 - 12 UNF

979 (1327)

2194 (2973)

3557 (4820)

”
lt
Bo ter “B
e
m
Dia

8.8

Numbers appearing on bolt heads
indicate ASTM class.

*Use 75% of the specified torque value for plated
fasteners. Use 85% of the specified torque
values for lubricated fasteners.

Proper torque for metric fasteners used on Great Bend equipment.
Recommended torque in foot pounds (newton Meters).*
WRENCH
SIZE
(mm) “A”

BOLT
DIA.
(mm) “B”

ASTM
4.6

1.8 (2.4)

5.1 (6.9)

6.5 (8.8)

3 (4)

8.7 (12)

11.1 (15)
27 (37)

ASTM
8.8

ASTM
9.8

ASTM
10.9

7.3 (10)

21.1 (29)

14.5 (20)

42 (57)

53 (72)

25 (34)

74 (100)

73 (99)

93 (126)

40 (54)

118 (160)

116 (157)

148 (201)

62 (84)

167 (226)

181 (245)

230 (312)

122 (165)

325 (440)

449 (608)

443 (600)

611 (828)

211 (286)
418 (566)

563 (763)

778 (1054)

821 (1112)

1138 (1542)

1119 (1516)

1547 (2096)

BUSH HOG, L.L.C.

P.O. Box 1039 • Selma, AL 36702-1039
(334) 874-2700

Source Exif Data:

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Modify Date                     : 2007:09:25 08:51:24-05:00
Metadata Date                   : 2007:09:25 08:51:24-05:00
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Page Count                      : 48
Author                          : HAROLD WELLS

EXIF Metadata provided by EXIF.tools

GB Backhoe Cover !! Bush 0

2165 5f6b01e9-24b8-4105-b676-499699830a70

2165 to the manual 5f6b01e9-24b8-4105-b676-499699830a70

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