C27 6940 2_14xx_Emulator_Feb69 2 14xx Emulator Feb69
C27-6940-2_14xx_Emulator_Feb69 C27-6940-2_14xx_Emulator_Feb69
User Manual: C27-6940-2_14xx_Emulator_Feb69
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File No. S360-35
Form C27-6940-2
Systems Reference Library
IBM System/360 Disk Operating System
1401/1440/1460 Emulator Programs
Compatibility Support/30
Compatibility Support/40
Program Number for CS/30: 360N-EU-484
I Program Number for CS/40: 360N-EU-485
This pUblication contains information on the emulation of 1401, 1440, and 1460 object programs under the
control of the Disk Operating System.
Compatibility
Support/30 and Compatibility Support/40 allow emulation
of these programs on the IBM System/360 Models 30 and
40, respectively. Compatibility Support/30 comprises
the IBM 1401/1440/1460 Emulator Program, Number 360NEU-484, and applicable Compatibility Features for the
Model 30. Compatibility Support/40 comprises the 1401/
1440/1460 Emulator Program, Number 360-EU-485, and the
applicable Compatibility Features for the Model 40.
In
addition, the 1401, 1440, and 1460 object programs can
be run on the IBM System/360 Model 25 using the
1401/1440/1460 Emulator Program
for
Compatibility
Support/30 in conjunction with applicable Compatibility
Features for the Model 25.
General information concerning machine requirements,
program generation, simulation techniques, data formats, control cards, and programming considerations is
included, as are detailed explanations of Operator
Service Functions, operating procedures, console messages, and special instructions added by the Compatibility Features for the Models 30 and 40.
The 1400 Emulator Programs under DOS allow the user
to run 1401/1440/1460 programs, with little or no
reprogramming, under the Disk Operating System in
conjunction with the Compatibility Features.
This
allows 1400 programs to be run in a stacked job
environment, mixed with System/360 jobs.
DOS
PREFAC-E
This publication provides information
concerning the 1401/1440/1460 Emulator Programs under the Disk Operating System. The
information is presented in eight sections.
The "Introduction" section contains a
general description of the capabilities of
the Emulator Programs and the levels of
programming support; a description of the
running of the Emulator Programs as background
programs
in a mUltiprogramming
environment; and the minimum configuration
required to operate the Emulator Programs
under DOS, the devices from which problem
programmers can request I/O operations for
the Emulator Programs, additional features
supported by the Emulator Programs, and the
DOS units and features that cannot be
utilized while the Emulator Programs are
operating.
grams; program restrictions and limitations
that the user must consider; information on
uni t-record,
magnetic-tape,
and
diskstorage operations; I/O error recovery,
buffering, and device independence, and
simulation of I/O devices for which there
is no hardware compatibility; and EmulatorProgram support of I/O operations for card
read punch, printer, magnetic tape, disk,
and console inquiry, as well as an explanation
of
the
differences
in printer
graphics.
The "Control Cards" section explains the
use and format of all control cards used
with the Emulator Programs.
The "program Generation" section contains information on the use of keyword
macros to generate and assemble the Emulator Programs" the macro parameter values
used to generate the Emulator Programs, and
messages
issued during Emulator-program
generation.
The ·Programming Considerations· section
describes the calling of System/360 inquiry
programs from the Core-Image Library and
their execution while under control of the
Emulator Programs. the ability to catalog
and fetch programs from the Core-Image
Library, the purpose and cataloging of
overlay sections, use of the // FETCH card,
and the procedure for fetching a program.
The "Simulation of IBM 1401/1440/1460
Facilities" section describes the layout of
the Emulator Programs in main storage; the
use of the registers by the Emulator Pro-
The "Operator Service Functions" section
describes the available functions and how
they are used, as well as discussing operator responses to system messages.
Third Edition
(February 1969)
This is a major revision of, and obsoletes, C27-6940-1
and Technical Newsletter N21-1311.
Changes to the
text, and small changes to illustrations,are indicated
by a vertical line to the left of the change; changed
or added illustrations are denoted by the symbol • to
the left of the caption.
This edition applies to Release 20 of IBM System/360
Disk Operating System and to all subsequent releases
until otherwise indicated in new editions or Technical
Newsletters. changes are continually made to the
specifications herein; before using this publication
in connection with the operation of IBM systems,
consult the latest System/360 SRL Newsletter, Form
N20-0360, for the editions that are applicable and
current.
This publication was prepared for production using an IBM comp?ter to
update the text and to control the page and line format.
Page ~mpres
sions for photo-offset printing were obtained from an IBM 1403 Printer
using a special print train.
copies of this and other IBM publications can be
branch offices.
obtained
through
IBM
A form for reader's comments appears at the back of this publication.
Address any additional comments concerning the contents of this publication to IBM corporation, Programming Publications, Department 637,
Neighborhood Road, Kingston, New York 12401
© Copyright International Business Machines corporation 1968, 1969
The wConsole Messages W section presents
detailed descriptions of the comprehensive
set of console messages issued by the
Emulator Programs and the Tape Error Recovery routine provided as an option.
The wAppendix· section is
follows:
organized
Appendix I presents a sample program for
use with Models 30 and 40. The sample
program is designed to be executed either
with a user-assembled Emulator Program, or
with an Emulator Program described in the
appendix.
as
Appendix
A presents a list of the
Emulator-Program macro keyword parameters
and a summary of their usage in tabular
form.
Appendix J presents special programming
considerations for the Model 25 users of
the 1401/1440/1460 Emulator Program (360NEU-484) under DOS.
PREREQUISITE PUBLICATIONS
Appendix B describes the six special
system/360 instructions and the System/360
Diagnose instruction provided for use with
the
1401/1440/1460
Basic Compatibility
Feature.
Appendix C describes the use of the
programmed Mode Switch subfeature and the
four special System/360 instructions provided with the subfeature.
Appendix D describes the two methods
used by the Model 40 Emulator Program for
fetching 1400 instructions, I-Fetch and
I-Fetch at A-Address, and the special Diagnose instructions provided by the 1401/
1440/1460 DOS Compatibility Feature for use
by the Model 40 Emulator Program.
Appendix E presents character-conversion
tables to illustrate the representation of
BCD graphics in simulated storage and the
buffer areas.
Appendix F provides a Model 40 address
conversion table designed to aid the user
in reading 1400 data and instructions as
they appear in a System/360 storage dump.
Appendixes G and H present the algorithm
for estimating the total storage requirement for the Emulator Programs on the
Models 30 and 40, respectively, including a
sample worksheet for computing the storage
requirements.
Readers of this publication should be
familiar with the information contained in
the following IBM System/360 Disk Operating
System (DOS) publications:
IBM System/360 Disk and Tape Operating
Systems: Concepts and Facilities,
Form C24-5030
IBM System/360 Disk operating System:
Data Management Concepts, Form
C24-3427
IBM System/360 Disk Operating System:
system control and System Service
Programs, Form C24-5036
IBM System/360 Disk Operating System:
System Generation and Maintenance,
Form C24-5033
IBM System/360 Disk Operating System:
Operating Guide, Form C24-5022
Model 30 users should be familiar with
the following publications:
IBM System/360 Model 30 Operator's
Guide, Form A24-3373
IBM-system/360 Model 30; 1401/1440/1460
compatibility Feature, Form A24-3255
Model 40 users should be
the following publications:
familiar
with
IBM System/360 Model 40 Operating Procedures, Form A22-6911
IBM System/360 Model 40 Functional
Characteristics" Form A22-6881
3
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION • • • • • • • • • •
General Description • • • • • •
Multiprogramming Considerations
Minimum Requirements
Input/Output Devices
Additional Features •
Emulator/DOS Exclusions
9
9
• 10
10
• 11
• 11
• 13
PROGRAM GENERATION • • • •
• • • •
Preparatory Procedures
• • • • • •
General Description • • •
Emulator Program Generation •
Program Generation Considerations •
• • • •
•
Description of General Parameters •
• • • • • •••.•
Description of Card Reader and Punch Parameters •
•
Description of Tape Parameters • • • •
Description of Disk parameters • • • •
Description of Printer Parameters •
• • • •
Macro Note Messages • • • • • • •
• • • •
SIMULATION OF IBM 1401/1440/1460 FACILITIES
Storage Layout • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
Register Usage • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
Programming Restrictions and Considerations
Restrictions
Considerations
• • • • • • •
Timing Information
• • • • • • •
General Comments on I/O Simulation
User-Written Simulation Routines • • • •
Simulation of I/O Devices • • •
Card Read Punch Simulation
Printer Simulation • • • •
Magnetic-Tape Simulation • • • •
Direct-Access Simulation • • • •
Console Inquiry Simulation
Differences in Printer Graphics •
.' . .
• 23
• 25
• 26
27
27
27
28
28
29
• 33
• • • • • • 33
33
• • • • 35
• 35
• 36
• 38
• • 39
• • 41
•
•
•
•
• 43
• 44
• 44
• 44
47
• 48
• 49
• 49
PROGRAMMING CONSIDERATIONS
INQUIRY • •
• • • • •
Cataloging
• • • • •
Cataloging 1400 Programs Into the core-Ima~e Library
Overlay Program Considerations • • • •
• • • •
Procedures for Cataloging 1400 Programs • • • • • •
Fetching • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
Fetching 1400 Programs From the Core-Image Library
Procedures for Fetching 1400 Programs
• • • • '.
CONSOLE MESSAGES
Operator Messages
Tape Error Recovery •
14
14
14
14
16
17
• 20
• 22
•
•
• •
•
• •
CONTROL CARDS • • • • • • •
Emulator Job Control Cards
The // 1400 Control Card
The / / TAPE Control Card • • • •
The // DVOL Control Card
The // CCTL Control Cards • •
Read Operation Control Cards
OPERATOR SERVICE FUNCTIONS
Available Functions •
General Comments
•
•
•
•
•
•
• • • • .
•
•
• •
• •
•
52
52
52
52
53
• 54
• • • • • 55
• 55
56
• • • • •
• 58
• • • • • 58
•
•
•
•
•
• 63
• • • • • 64
•
• 64
• • 75
5
APPENDIX A: EMULATOR-PROGRAM PARAMETERS • • • • • • • •
• • 77
APPENDIX B: MODEL 30 BASIC FEATURE SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS •
• • 82
APPENDIX C: MODEL 30 PROGRAMMED MODE SWITCH SUBFEATURE SPECIAL
INSTRUCTIONS
• • • • • • • • • • • • •
APPENDIX D: MODEL 40 SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS •
I-Fetch • • • • •
• • • • •
I-Fetch at A-Address
Diagnose Instructions •
• 86
• •
•
• • • •
••
• • • • •
89
89
89
89
APPENDIX E: CHARACTER CONVERSION TABLES
• • 96
APPENDIX F: MODEL 40 ADDRESS CONVERSION TABLE •
• • 98
APPENDIX G: CALCULATION OF MODEL 30 STORAGE REQUIREMENTS
.115
APPENDIX H: CALCULATION OF MODEL 40 STORAGE REQUIREMENTS
.117
APPENDIX I: SAMPLE PROGRAMS • • • • • • • •
Generating the Sample Emulator Program
Generating a User-Written Emulator Program
Cataloging the Emulator Program • • • • • •
Execution of the Sample Program • • • • • •
APPENDIX J: EMULATOR PROGRAM CONSIDERATIONS FOR MODEL 25
Minimum System Configuration
Input/Output Devices • • • •
Add1tional FeatUres Supported •
Restrictions
• • • • • • • •
Considerations
Performance •
INDEX • • • •
6
.119
• .119
.120
• .120
.120
.126
• • • • 126
• .126
• .127
.128
• .128
.128
.129
ILLUSTRATIONS
FIGURES
Figure
Figure
1.
2.
Figure
3.
Figure
4.
Figure
5.
Figure
6.
Figure 7.
Figure 8.
Figure 9.
Figure 10.
Figure 11.
Figure 12.
Figure 13.
Figure 14.
Figure 15.
Assembly of User-Tailored Emulator Program Under DOS
· 16
Cataloging of an Emulator Program Into the Relocatable
and Core-Image Libraries
. • . . ..
..
17
Typical Storage Map of Model 30 Emulator Program With
4K of 1400 Storage . .
....
. ....
· 27
Typical Storage Map of Model 40 Emulator Program with
4K of 1400 Storage
..
.
.
.
• 27
Carriage-Control Tape and // CCTL Control Card for
11-Inch Form.
..
.
...
· . 50
Carriage-Control Tape and // CCTL Control Cards for
14-Inch Form
. • ••
..•
. • . . . · . 51
1400 Catalog Run for a 1400 Program With One Overlay ·
55
Output of the 1400 Catalog Run in Figure 7 . .
..
· 56
Executing a 1400 Program From the Core-Image Library · • 57
Emulator Program Generation for 1401/1460
Sample Program
....•
. • . . . . 119
Emulator Program Generation for 1440 Sample Program
. . 120
Control Cards, 1400 Object Deck, and Data for
1401/1460 Sample Program
...•..
· .122
Control Cards, 1400 Object Deck, and Data for 1440
Sample Program
. . . .
· 123
SYSLOG Output for Sample Program
· • 124
SYSLST Output for Sample Program . . • •
• 125
TABLES
Table 1.
Table 2.
Table 3.
Table 4.
Table 5.
Table 6.
Table 7.
Table 8.
Table 9.
Table 10.
Table
Table
Table
Table
Table
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
Table 16.
Table 17.
Table 18.
Table 19.
I
Table 20.
Table 21.
Input/Output Device Correspondence.
..•.
Input/Output Feature Correspondence
•
•
Model 30 and Model 40 Emulator-Program Macros
Use of Registers by Model 30 Emulator Program
Use of Registers by Model 40 Emulator Program
Example of Field Lengths Affecting MICR Devices
Performance Ratios .
.•. • . .
• •
Unit-Record Operation Correspondence.
.
• • ..
Unassigned and Invalid Operation Codes . . • . • . • . .
Correspondence of 1407/1447 Functions With
1052 Functions..
..
•..••
•
·
Dissimilar Graphics: 1407/1447 vs. 1052
.
Translated Codes and Graphic Symbol Differences
Emulator-Program Parameters.
...
•
1400 Auxiliary Storage Bytes Defined by W2 •
·
Eight-Bit Representation of BCD Graphics in Simulated
1400 Storage for the Model 40
. • • •.
•
•
Eight-Bit Representation of BCD Graphics in Simulated
1400 Storage for the Model 30, and Buffer Areas for
Models 30 and 40
•.•
.
..
Model 30 SYSIO Storage Estimates
••
••
•
Model 40 SYSIO Storage Estimates
•.•
•
•
.
•
Differences in Input/Output Device Correspondence for
Model 25
. . . . ..
.
.
.•.••
Input/Output Feature Correspondence for Model 25
•
Example of Field Lengths Affecting MICR
Devices on Model 25
•
•
•
.•••••••
·
12
• 12
15
28
•
•
.
.
28
30
30
32
34
• 42
42
42
77
84
96
97
. 116
• 11 8
.126
• 127
.128
7
INTRODUCTION
GENERAL, DESCRIPTION
This section contains general information concerning the 1401/1440/1460 Emulator
Programs under the Disk Operating System.
Compatibility Support/30 and Compatibility
support/40 allow emulation of 1401, 1440,
and 1460 object programs on the IBM System/
360 Models 30 and 40, respectively. Compatibility Support/30 comprises the following:
• IBM 1401/1440/1460 Emulator Program for
the Model 30
• IBM 1401/1440/1460 Basic
Feature (#4456)
• IBM Programmed
(#5856)
Compatibility
fOllowing:
Compatibility
Mode Switch Subfeature
Support/40
comprises
the
• IBM 1401/1440/1460 Emulator Program for
the Model 40
• IBM 1401/1440/1460
Feature (#4460)
DOS
Compatibility
Note: When the 1401/1440/1460 DOS Compatibility
Feature
(#4460) is
installed,
operation of Model 40 Emulator Program
360C-EU-074 with the 1401/1460 Compatibility Feature (#4457) is excluded.
In addition, the 1401/1440/1460 Emulator
Program for Compatibility Support/30 can be
used to run 1401, 1440, and 1460 object
programs on the IBM System/360 Model 25 in
conjunction with the following Model 25
Compatibility features:
• 1400
Series
(#4440)
clearing) of disk packs, which is performed
by an option in the DOS Initialize Disk
Utility program.
All of the 1400 CPU
instructions are executed by the Compatibility Features, except the Move Characters
and Edit (MCE) and Move Characters and
Suppress Zeros (MCS) instructions on the
Model 40.
The Emulator Programs use the
physical
input/output
control
system
(PIOCS) capabilities of DOS to simulate the
1400 I/O instructions. In addition, when
the 1400 end-of-job halt is recognized, the
Emulator Programs call DOS Job Control to
provide transition to the next job. 1400
error conditions optionally cause a halt to
allow operator intervention or an abnormal
end of job with a 1400-style main storage
dump, followed by a release to end of job.
Compatibility
• 1401/1440/1460 DOS
ture (#A004)
Feature
Compatibility
Fea-
Discussions within this publication of the
1401/1440/1460 Emulator Program for the
Model 30 are generally applicable to the
Model 25. However, Model 25 users must be
familiar with the programming considerations described in Appendix J.
The Emulator Programs allow 1400 object
programs to be run in a DOS stacked-job
environment, mixed with System/360 jobs.
All initialization required by the Compatibility Features is handled by the Emulator
Programs except for the initialization (and
There are three main levels of support
for the Emulator Programs.
They are as
follows:
• 1400 UNIT RECORD:
Support for 1400
card programs and for reading
and
punching Binary Coded Decimal (BCD) and
binary data is provided.
• 1400 TAPE:
Support is provided for
1400 tape operations under the Emulator
Programs. This support enhances the
performance of 1400 original equipment,
and requires no reprogramming of 1400
programs written consistent with 1400
System Reference Library (SRL) manuals
published by IBM.
• 1400 DISK:
Support is provided for
1311 Disk Storage Drives and 1301 and
1405 Disk Storages.
Some 1316 Disk
Packs previously used on 1400 devices
can be used on System/360 devices.
Since the 1311 disk drives write at a
density different from that used on
2311 disk drives, data written on a
1311 cannot be read by a 2311, and vice
versa, without reformatting. Disk programming support offers full upward and
downward compatibility
between
the
Model 30 and Model 40 Emulator Programs. Information on disk compatibility is given in the Section on -Direct
Access Simulation.Note:
Input data is represented in a form
known as the 8-bit representation of BCD as
shown in Table 15. This representation is
referred to throughout this publication as
BCDIC-8, and is compatible with previous
emulation representations.
Introduction
9
MULT·IPROGRAMMING CONSI DERATIONS
In a multiprogramming environment the
Emulator Programs under DOS must be run as
background programs.
In order to efficiently utilize this feature, it may be
desirable to assign SYSRDR and SYSIPT (the
combination known as SYSIN) to a magnetictape unit or disk extent.
If SYSIN is
assigned to a magnetic tape or disk, that
device must input all of the control cards
that normally are included in the job
stream.
A standard file-to-file utility
program that recognizes a /* card as the
end of data can be used to place the job
stream on a magnetic tape or disk, where
the /* card of the job stream contains a
nonblank in card column 4.
If SYSIPT is assigned to a magnetic tape
or disk, that device must contain 80-byte
unblocked records (key length equals zero,
if on disk).
Records of greater length
cause a channel program check, and the
program is aborted due to an I/O error.
The assignment of SYSIN to a magnetic
tape or disk for the background program
also makes the card reader available to
read the control cards and data cards for a
foreground program. This has the effect of
reducing the number of statements entered
by the operator from the console typewriter.
Most 1400 unit-record output (card and
printer) can be produced through concurrent
peripheral operations by assigning the card
punch SYSPCH and/or the printer SYSLST to
either a magnetic tape or disk. The manner
in which this feature is implemented is
described in detail under "General Comments
on I/O Simulation" in the "Simulation of
IBM
1401/1440/1460 Facilities" section.
SYSPCH and SYSLST may be assigned to the
same tape unit by assigning SYSOUT to that
unit; they must be assigned, however, to
different extents when assigned to a disk
unit.
beginning of the foreground partition indicated (or end of main storage, if none).
The sum of the areas allocated to the
foreground partitions cannot exceed the
value
specified
in
the
-MPGMBLK=nn"
parameter.
MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS
The minimum requirements for the Emulator Programs under DOS are the same as for
a 24K ModLl 30, or a 32K Model 40 Disk
Operating System and the 1400 Compatibility
Features, except that 1400 disks need not
be on the multiplexor channel and 1400
tapes need not be on a single selector
channel. The Model 30 1400 I/O Compatibility Features for unit-record equipment are
not required by the Model 30 Emulator
Program.
The following are the features required
for a minimum Model 30 configuration for
the Emulator Program under DOS:
IBM System/360 Model 30 with a 2030
processing Unit containing 24,576 (24K)
bytes of main storage (the amount is
variable and depends on the features of
the Model 30 Emulator Program and DOS
that are included)
• An
• 1401/1440/1460 Basic Compatibility Feature (#4456)
• Programmed Mode Switch (#5856)
c
A storage protection check occurs during
emulator initialization if the DOS supervisor is assembled with a standard allocation
to a foreground partition(s) or the operator allocates storage to a foreground partition through the ALLeC command, unless
the Emulator program ,is assembled with a
value given to the "MPGMBLK=nn- parameter.
This is because"
for the Model 30, 1400
main storage is simUlated in the highest
main storage address (less 256 on 65K
machines) unless it is indicated that there
will be a foreground partition(s) there.
For the MOdel 40, 1400 main storage always
starts at decimal 16,384 (hexadecimal 4000)
and pennot be relocated.
The Emulator
Programs extend (with regard to addresses)
from the end of the OOS supervisor to the
10
• Decimal Arithmetic Feature (#3237)
• Storage Protection
Special
(#7520) (for multiprogramming)
Feature
• File Scan Feature (#4385) (supported in
Move-mode only, but not required)
• I/O Compatibility Features for customer-engineer diagnostics of supported
devices (recommende9, but
not
required) :
Column Binary (#1990)
1402/1403 (#4463) or 144211443
(#4464) Attachment
Console Inquiry Station (#4465)
Disk Storage Drives (#4466)
Magnetic Tapes (#4467 for multiplexor
and 14468 for selector channels)
The following are the features required
for a minimum Model 40 configuration for
the Emulator Program under DOS:
IBM System/360 Model 40 with a 2040
Processing Unit containing 32,768 (32K)
bytes of main storage
• An
• 1401/1460 Compatibility Feature (#4457)
• 1401/1440/1460 DOS compatibility
ture (#4460) (see Note 4)
Fea-
• Decimal Arithmetic Feature (#3237)
Note 3: One 2400-Series Magnetic Tape Unit
(7- or 9-track) may be substituted for this
device.
(If SYSIPT, SYSPCH., and/or SYSLST
are assigned to 7-track tape units, the
Data Conversion Feature is required).
Note 4: When the 1401/1440/1460 DOS Compatibility Feature (#4460)
is installed,
the operation of the Model 40 Emulator
Program 360C-EU-074 is excluded on the
system.
• 1311 Disk Compatability Feature (#9710)
• File Scan Feature (#4385) (supported in
Move-mode only, but not required)
INPUT/OUTPUT DEVICES
• Storage
Protection
Special
(#7520) (for multiprogramming)
1400 programs operating with emulation
under DOS can request I/O operations on the
following System/360 devices:
Feature
The configuration may range from a cardoriented System/360 Model 30 to a maximum
configuration of disk"
tape, and teleprocessing. One of the purposes of emulation under DOS is to provide complete
flexibility of external devices for the
user who needs to grow and needs system
availability to do so. In addition to the
features previously listed the following
are specific requirements for a minimum
Model 30 or Model 40 machine configuration
for the Emulator Programs:
• 1442 Card Read Punch
• 2501 card Reader
• 2520 card Read Punch
• 2540 Card Read Punch
• 1403 Printer
• 1404 Printer (for continuous-forms and
cut-card operations)
• Standard instruction set (see Note 1)
• 1443 Printer
• One I/O channel (either multiplexor
selector) (see Note 2)
or
• One card reader (1442, 2501, 2520, or
2540) (see Note 3)
• One card punch (1442,
(see Note 3)
2520,
or
2540)
• 1052 Printer-Keyboard
communications)
(for
operator
• 2311 Disk Storage Drive
• 2314 Direct Access storage Facility
• 2400-Series Magnetic Tape Units
• One printer (1403, 1404, or 1443) (see
Note 3)
• One 1052 Printer-Keyboard
Input/output device correspondence between a 1401, 1440, or 1460 system and
System/360 Model 30 or Model 40 is listed
in Table 1.
• 1051 Attachment (#7915) and 1051 Control Unit with CPU Attachment (#3130)
for the Model 30
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
• 1052 Adapter (#7920) for the Model 40
• One 2311 Disk Storage Drive or 2314
Direct Access Storage Facility for DOS
system residence
• Whatever systems configuration is required for operation of the user's Disk
Operating System
Note 1:
System/360 language translators
may require extended instruction sets.
Note 2:
System/360
telecommunications
require a multiplexor channel and at least
one selector channel.
Additional features supported
Emulator Programs under DOS are:
by
the
• Timer Feature
• Simultaneous Read-While-Write Tape Control (2404 or 2804)
• Any channel configuration up to one
multiplexor channel and two selector
channels
• Tape Switching Unit (2816)
• Universal Character Set
Introduction
11
Table
1.
Input/Output Device correspondence
r------------------------------------------T--------------------------------------------,
I 1401/1440/1460 I/O
I System/360 I/O Device
I
Device~
l------,-:----------------------------------+------------------------------------------~
I IBM 1402 or 1442 Card Read Punch or 1444 I IBM 2501 Card Reader or 1442, 2520, or
I
Card Punch
I
2540 Card Read Punch
I
I
~----------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------~
I IBM 1403, 1404, or 1443 Printer
I IBM 1403, 1404, or 1443 Printer
I
~------------------------------------------+----------~--------------------------------~~
I IBM 729, 7330, or 7335 Magnetic Tape
I IBM 2401 or 2402 Magnetic Tape Unit, or
I
Unit
I
2403, 2404, or 2415 Magnetic Tape Unit I
I
I
I
and Control
I
l------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------~
I IBM 1407 Console Inquiry Station or 1447 I IBM 1052 printer-Keyboard
I
I
Console
\
I
l-----------------------------------------+------------------------------------------~
I IBM 1301 or 1405 Disk storage or 1311
I IBM 2311 Disk Storage Drive or 2314 Direct \
I
Disk storage Drive
I
Access Storage Facility
I
~------------------------------------------~-----------------------------------------~
I ~1400 program reading on more than one reader, punChing on more than one punch, or I
printing on more than one -printer
is not supported.
IL___________________________
__________________________________________________________
JI
Table
2.
Input/Output Feature Correspondence
r------~-----------------------------------T--------------------------------------------,
I 1401/1440/1460 I/O Feature
I System/360 I/O Feature
I
~------~-----------------------------------+--------------------------------------------i
I IBM 1402 Punch Feed Read and Control
I IBM 2540 Punch Feed Read (#5890): Punch
I
Unit (#5890 and #5895)
I
Feed Read Control (#5895) on the 2821 I
I
I
I
Control Unit~
I
~------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------~
I IBM Column Binary Feature
I
I
(#1990), qn the 2821 Control Unit if
\
I
2540 card Read PUnch, or
I
I IBM Card Image Feature (#1531) if 2501
I
I
Card Reader or 2520 Card Read PUnch,
I
I
or
I
\ IBM Card Image Feature (#1532) if 1442
I
I
Card Read Punch
I
~------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------~
\ IBM 1402 51-Column Interchangeable Read I IBM 2540 51-Column Interchangeable Read
I
I
Feed (#4150) and Feed Adapter (#1013)\
Feed (#4151)2
I
~------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------~
I IBM 1403 Preferred Character Set (#5523) I IBM 1403 Universal Character Set 3 for
\
I
and Adapter (#5524)
I
Model 2 (#8641) or Model N1 (#8640)
I
I IBM 1416 Interchangeable Train Cartridge ,
with prerequisite Interchangeable
I
I
equipped with Preferred Character
I
Train Cartridge Adapter or InterI
I
Set print chain
I
changeable Train cartridge, and
I
I
I
appropriate Universal Character Set
I
Adapter for the 2821 Control Unit
I
I
I
l-----~-:---------------------------------+------------------------------------------~
I IBM Scan Disk (#6396)
I IBM File Scan (#4385) installed on the
I
I
I
2841 Storage Control Unit
I
~------------------------------------------~--------------------~-----------------------~
I ~If stacker selection of punch-feed-read cards is to be simulated, the 2540 \
I Compatibility Attachment (#8065) must be installed on the 2821 Control Unit.
\
\
\
\ 2When this feature is installed, reading speed is permanently reduced from 1000 cpm I
I to 800 cpm.
I
I IBM column Binary Feature
(#1990), or
I
I IBM Binary Transfer (#1468) and Bit Test
(#1470) Features, or
I
I IBM card Image Features (#1531 and 9035)
I
I
I
I
I
I 3With this feature, printing speed is dependent upon the number of characters in the I
I character set and unprintable characters in the print-line (see IBM 2821 Control \
JI
IL______
Unit" :-____________________________________________________________________________
Form A24-3312).
12
Input/output feature correspondence between a 1401, 1440, or 1460 system and
System/360 Model 30 or Model 40 is listed
in Table 2.
1401/1440/1460 Basic Compatibility Features
(Model 30 and Model 40)
The Emulator Program under DOS in conjunction with the 1401/1440/1460 Basic Compatibility Feature for the Model 30, and
the 1401/1440/1460 DOS compatibility Feature for the Model 40, provides support for
all 1401, 1440, and 1460 standard operations and instructions, plus the following
special features (for those items followed
by an asterisk, refer to Table 2).
ture provides support for Processing Overlap on the Model 40. processing Overlap is
not available as such on the Model 30, but
overlap is provided by the Emulator Program
for tape, disk, and 1400 unit
record
devices.
EMULATOR/DOS EXCLUSIONS
The following IBM units and features,
supported by DOS, are not supported by the
Model 30 or Model 40 Emulator Programs
under DOS:
• 1445 Printer
SPECIAL FEATURES
Advanced programming for the 1401
Bit Test
Column Binary*
Expanded Print Edit
51-Column Interchangeable Read Feed*
High-Low-Equal Compare
Multiply-Divide
Print storage
Additional Print Control
PUnch-Feed Read*
Space Suppression
Sense Switches
Scan Disk*
Direct Seek for the 1311
Track~Record for the 1311
Binary Transfer for the 1460*
Indexing and Store Address Register for
the 1460
the
In addition to the preceding features,
1401/1440/1460 DOS Compatibility Fea-
• Paper Tape Devices
• 2321 Data Cell Drive
• 1285 and 1287 Optical Readers
• 1259, 1412, and 1419 Magnetic Character
Readers
• 7770 and 7772 Audio Response Units
• Selective Tape Listing Features
for continuous paper tapes
(1403)
• Teleprocessing Devices
Note:
The 1259., 1412, and 1419 1-1agnetic
Character Readers require special consideration if utilized while the Emulator Programs under DOS are operating. See the
section on "Programming Restrictions and
Considerations· for additional details.
Introduction
13
PROGRAM GENERATION
PREPARATORY PROCEDURES
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The Emulator Program under DOS for the
Model 30 or Model 40 is distributed as a
set of macros to enable the user to specify, through the utilization of macro parameters, the exact characteristics desired in
the Emulator Program.
In general, these
parameters fall into two categories:
• Characteristics of the System/360 and
the 1400 being simulated
• Options desired by the user,
operator Service Functions
such
as
The Emulator Program under DOS may be
tailored to ful~ill all of the requirements
of an installation or may be tailored to
the
requirements of a particular job.
Although only one Emulator Program need be
generated for any installation, under certain circumstances more than one generation
is desi~able.
If the storage requirements
exceed
the available storage, separate
generations are required, each specifying
only those parameters actually needed for
that particular job or application.
The
storage
requirements can be calculated
using the information in Appendixes G and
H.
Each Emulator Program is assembled by
the user under a different name and may be
executed as required.
If the System/360 has 64K of available
storage, any option may be selected without
regard to storage requirements except for
unusually large tape I/O buffers or when
storage is to be reserved for multiprogramming. On a 32K system, a disk-only or
tape-only Emulator Program may be generated
along with most options.
The amount of
tape I/O buffer area depends on block size
and the number of tape drives to be simulated. For large tape blocks, the maximum
number of tape drives that can be simulated
may be less than six. The simulation of
tape/disk systems in 32K requires careful
analysis of storage requirements. Under
this condition, it is advisable to list the
individual requirements of various programs
and perform a "trial" generation or calculate the storage requirements.
The two
major limiting factors are based on the
size of the 1400 system to be simulated and
the size of the tape buffer area.
The Model 30 Emulator Program under DOS
is composed of 12 macros, one of which is
considered to be the mainline that selec14
tively calls the other 11 macros as needed.
The Model 40 Emulator Program under DOS is
composed of 14 macros, one of which is
considered to be the mainline that selectively calls the other 13 macros as needed.
These mainline macros are cataloged in the
user's Source Statement Library under the
names EU30 and EU40.
The Model 30 and
Model 40
Emulator-Program
macros
are
described in Table 3, which contains a list
of the Source Statement Library name, card
identification, and the function of each
macro.
Before
the Emulator Program can be
executed, the following must be considered
during DOS Supervisor generation:
• The EU parameter in the SUPVR macro
instruction must be specified as YES.
• The CPU model designation (MODEL=30 or
MODEL=40) must be specified in the
CONFG macro instruction.
• If the Emulator Program operator service functions are to be requested by
the external INTERRUPT key, the OC
parameter in the FOPT macro instruction
must be specified as YES.
• If SYSLST, SYSIPT, or SYSPCH may be
assigned to a disk extent, the SYSFIL
parameter in the FOPT macro instruction
must be specified as a 2311 or 2314.
In addition it should be noted that in a
multiprogramming environment (MPS parameter
in the SUPVR macro instruction specified as
YES), if an assembled Emulator Program is
loaded into the background partition of
smaller size than required, the Emulator
Program will be canceled due to a protection exception.
EMULATOR PROGRAM GENERATION
The Disk Operating System (DOS) contains
all the macros necessary for generating a
1401/1440/1460 Emulator Program under DOS.
These macros are cataloged in the DOS
Source Statement Library.
The assembly of the Emulator Program
under DOS tailored to meet the user's
specifications is indicated in Figure 1.
The sequence of cards is important.
The
Emulator Program under DOS is a standard
assembly language program and requires the
standard control cards in addition to those
Table
3.
Model 30 and Model 40 Emulator-Program Macros
r-----------------T-------------------T------------------------------------------------~,
I
I
Name
I
I
Card ID
(cols. 73-76)
I
I
I
I
Function
~-----------------+-------------------+-------------------------------------------------~
EU30/EU40
I
A484/A485
I Mainline; calls all other macros internally. I
I
I All user parameters are analyzed in this I
I
I macro.
I
~----------------+-------------------+-------------------------------------------------~
I
EU3ER/EU4ER
I
E484/E485
I Processes 1400 error conditions. Contains I
I
I
I the exit for user modifications for nons up- I
I
I
I ported devices.
I
~--~------------+-------------------+-------------------------------------------------i
I
EU3RD/EU4RD
I
R484/R485
I Processes 1400 Card-Read instructions.
I
~----------------+-------------------+-------------------------------------------------i
I
EU3PH/EU4PB
I
P484/P485
I Processes 1400 Card Punch and Stacker Select I
I
I
I instructions.
I
~------~----------+-------------------+-------------------------------------------------~
I
EU3PT/EU4PT
I
L484/L485
I Processes 1400 printer instructions.
I
~----------------+-------------------+-------------------------------------------------~
I
EU3MS/EU4MS
I
M484/M485
I Processes miscellaneous 1400 I/O instructions I
I
I
I (Forms control, Branch on I/O, etc.).
I
~-----------------+-------------------+-------------------------------------------------i
I
EU3TP/EU4TP
I
T484/T485
I Processes all 1400 magnetic-tape instruc- I
I
I
I
I tions.
~-------~---------+-------------------+-------------------------------------------------~
I
EU3DK/EU4DK
I
D484/D485
I Processes 1301, 1311, and 1405 disk instruc- I
I
I
I tions.
I
~----------------+-------------------+-------------------------------------------------i
I
EU3EJ/EU4EJ
I
J484/J485
I Emulator Program End-of-Job routine.
I
~----------------+-------------------+-------------------------------------------------i
I
EU30S/EU40S
I
S484/S485
I Emulator Program Operator Service routines.
I
~-----------------+-------------------+-------------------------------------------------i
I
EU3CG/EU4CG
I
G484/G485
I Emulator Program catalog-Option routine.
I
~----------------+-------------------+-------------------------------------------------i
I
EU3FT/EU4FT
I
F484/F485
I Emulator Program Fetch-Option routine.
I
~-----~----------+-------------------+-------------------------------------------------~
I
EU4IN
I
1485
I Contains the branch table entries and per- I
I
I
I forms the scan for completion of the 1400 I
I
I
I Move Characters and Edit (MCE) and Move I
I
I
I Characters and Suppress Zeros (MeS) instruc- I
I
I
I
I tions. (Model 40 EmUlator Program only.)
~----------------+-------------------+-------------------------------------------------~
I
DIAG
I
X485
I Provides a mnemonic for coding and assembly I
I
I I ease in programming the 1401/1440/1460 DOS I
(Model 40 Emulator I
I
I
I Compatibility Feature.
I
I
I
I Program only.)
I
I
I
L-____ ~---_-------~------------------~------------------------- ________________________ J
indicated. An object-module deck, howe~er,
must be punched. Therefore, the // OPTION
CATAL statement must not be used.
Following the last parameter statement
for each Emulator Program assembly, an end
statement must be included in the group of
cards as follows:
eUname EU30[EU401 parama,...
paramy,
paramz
END
ACOMP01
x
x
These cards should be followed by standard
/* and / , cards.
The output from the assembly run contains all of the cards needed to catalog
the Emulator Program on the Core-Image
Libraries (except ASSGN, DLBL. and EXTENT
cards as required to define SYSLNK, SYS001,
SYS002, and SYS003) for a DOS assembly,
linkage-editing, and cataloging. The deck
contains the assembler object module, which
must be cataloged into the
Core-Image
Library, and the proper DOS control cards.
The order in which the cards are punched is
illustrated in Figure 1.
The first 12
cards should be used to catalog the Emulator Program into the core-Image Library
(see Figure 2).
It should be noted that
// ASSGN cards are not included; they must
be provided if required b¥ the user.
Program Generation
15
/&
II JOB
EUJOBI
II OPTION LIST,DECK,XREF
II EXEC
ASSEMBLY
euname
EU3{lJ{EU4!2l) euparaml, ... X
euparamn
END
ACOMP!2l1
End Statements
1*
18.
EU Macro
DOS Job
Control Cards
DOS
SYSRES
Assemble
Tailored
EU Program
Assembly
Listing
Consists of the output of EUJOB 1:
II JOB CATALOG euname TO CORE IMAGE LIBRARY
II OPTION CATAL
PHASE euname,*
INCLUDE ,(ACOMP!2l!2l)
PHASE eunamex,ACOMP!2l!2l+nnn](for Model 30)
[ PHASE eunameX,nnn
(for Model 40)
INCLUDE ,(ACOMP{lJl)
INCLUDE
*** REPLACE WITH OBJECT DECK
EU Output
Module
1*
ENTRY EUENTRY
II EXEC LNKEDT
18.
(emulator object module)
Note:
Figure
1.
Assembly of User-Tailored Emulator Program Under DOS
PROGSAM. GENERATION CONSIDERATIONS
The Model 30 or Model 40 Emulator Program under DOS is assembled and tailored to
the user's particular needs by means of
macro
generation.
The macro parameter
values used to generate the program must be
composed by the user in a manner similar to
the way in which a define-the-file (DTF)
macro instruction is composed. continuation cards are allowed in the preparation
of these parameters, with each parameter
separated by a comma.
16
nnn= size of emulator communications
region (variable)
The symbolic parameters
follow
the
// EXEC ASSEMBLY card, as shown in Figure
1. The first of these cards must have a
program name punched in the label field
(starting in column 1) and EU30 or EU40
punched in the operation field:
euname EU30
or
euname EU40
DESCRIPTION OF GENERAL PARM4ETERS
(1&
(1*
---
CATALOG={~~S}
-
"
~-
"~
c=
~--
r--
-=
-"-
-
Output Module
EUJOB3 only
(
,
DOS
SYSRES
I ""
~
\
""'1
""rr
~-
Catalog EU in
Core-Image
Library
II JOB CATALOG euname TO CORE IMAGE LIBRARY
I I OPTION CATAL
PHASE euname,*
INCLUDE ,(ACOMP00)
PHASE eunameX,ACOMP00+nnn
INCLUDE, (ACOMP01)
INCLUDE
(emulator object module)
1*
ENTRY EUENTRY
LNKEDT
II EXEC
18
Note:
Figure
nnn=size of emulator communications
region (variable)
2.
If
this
parameter
is
included, the
generated version of the Emulator Program
under DOS is capable of producing a System/
360 object module from a 1400 object deck.
This module can be executed only under the
Emulator Program. FETCH=YES need not be
included in the same assembly. -rt the
CATALOG parameter is omitted or NO is
specified, the System/360 object module
cannot be produced from a 1400 object deck.
Cataloging of an Emulator Program Into the Relocatable and
Core-Image Libraries
EOJAADR=nnnnn
This parameter is used to specify the
contents of the 1400 A-Storage Address
Register (A-STAR) at normal
end-of-job
(EOJ) halts.
If this or the following
parameter ("EOJBADR=nnnnn") can be coded
with a standard value (for example, 00999),
the Emulator Program automatically calls in
DOS Job Control upon encountering a 1400
end-of-job halt. It is desirable for the
Emulator Program to have some method of
determining 1400 EOJ. Valid entries are in
the range of 00000 through 15999.
The
entry is compared to the contents of the
1400 A-STAR each time a 1400 halt is
trapped by the Compatibility Feature and
before the printing of the 1400 registers.
If a match occurs, the Emulator Program
automatically goes to its EOJ and issues a
DOS EOJ macro that calls DOS Job Control
for the next System/360 job that is to be
batched in the background partition.
(See
"EOJBADR=nnnnn".)
If this parameter is
omitted, the routine to test for A address
is not generated.
EOJBADR=nnnnn
The "euname" parameter provides the name
under which the object module of the user's
Emulator Program is cataloged in the CoreImage Library.
Therefore, it is the name
that appears in the // EXEC card whenever
the Emulator Program is executed. The name
may consist of one to seven characters. No
embedded blanks or special characters may
appear in the name, and the first character
must be an alphabetic character. An X is
appended by the Emulator Program to the
name to form the name of a second phase of
the Emulator Program, which is then called
by the first phase. The parameters may be
inserted in any sequence, following the
rules for the writing of macro statements
of the keyword variety.
This is the same as the preceding parameter
("EOJAADR=nnnnn"), except the value of the
B-Storage
Address Register (B-STAR) is
checked. If this parameter is omitted, the
routine to test for B address is not
generated.
If only one of these two parameters is
included, only that compare is made to
satisfy
EOJ. If
both
parameters
are
included, both compares must be equal to
satisfy
EOJ.
If neither parameter is
included, no test for EOJ is made and
message EC81I or EC82I is displayed unless
the I-STAR option (parameter "hhhhh"' in
the // 1400 control card is provided.
(See
"The // 1400 control Card" in the "Control
Cards" section for a description of this
parameter. )
Program Generation
17
ERROPNG={~~S}
If this parameter is included, the Emulator
Program interprets a 1400 operation code of
G with a wordmark as a request for a
• snapshot" dump of 1400 storage.
This
invalid op code can be patched by the user
into 1400 programs run under test mode.
Control is returned to the next sequential
instruction in the 1400 program.
If this
parameter is omitted or NO is specified, an
operation code of G with a wordmark is
treated as invalid.. If PTR1400=1404 1 this
parameter must be omitted or spec1fied as
NO.
If this param~ter
is
specified,
the
generated verS10n of the Emulator Program
is capable of executing 1400 programs that
have
been cataloged in the Core-Image
Library. 1400 programs so cataloged may be
called from the Core-Image Library and
executed only by the Emulator Program.
(1400 programs cannot be called by Job
Control.) CATALOG=YES need not be included
in the same version of the Emulator Program
that fetches.
(See ·Cataloging 1400 Programs Into the Core-Image Library· in the
"Programming Considerations" section.) The
inclusion of this parameter does not preclude the use of a generated Emulator
Program from loading a 1400 object program
from cards, or tape. If this parameter is
omitted or NO is specified, the 1400 programs are not fetched from the Core-Image
Library.
If this parameter is included with the
operand YES, the operator may call for the
Sense Switch Operator Service routine in
response to a halt message or through the
external INTERRUPT key while in Compatibility mode (Dial F must be set at CI for the
Model 30). If this parameter is omitted or
NO is specified, the routine
is
not
generated.
IOCDATE=182
195 I
BOTH
NO
The 1400 input/output control system (IOCS)
requires a date in the form "yyddd" to be
available in main storage during label
checking.
By specifying this parameter,
the Emulator Program moves the date from
the DOS communication region to the respective 1400 storage location 82-86, 195-199,
or both. The move occurs before programs
are loaded from cards or from the Core18
Image Library. Clear Storage cards must be
removed from card decks since they clear
the IOCDATE that was placed there by the
Emulator Program.
The bootstrap
card,
however, should be retained. If this parameter is omitted or NO is specified, the
date is not moved.
MPGMB LK=
{.Qn}
This parameter is used to specify the
number of 2K (2,048 bytes) blocks
of
storage to be reserved for multiprogramming
(foreground partitions).
If MPGMBLK does
not equal zero, the Model 30 Emulator
Program allocates 1400 program storage "n"
2K blocks below the highest System/360 main
storage location specified. The Model 30
Emulator Program allocates storage from the
top of memory down, and from the end of the
supervisor up, in the following manner:
(a)
Highest storage location available
from the ·SIZ360=nn- parameter, specified by 1024*SIZ360 (minus 256 if
SIZ360=64).
(b)
Highest 1400 storage location specified py the value of (a)
minus
20 48*MPGMBLK.
(c)
1400 storage location 0 specified by
the value of (b) minus 1000*SIZ1400.
Therefore, values (a), (b), and (c)
allocate storage from the top of
storage down at Model 30 EmulatorProgram generation time.
(d)
The size of the Model 30 EmulatorProgram depends on the parameters
specified and is linkage-edited immediately above the System/360 supervisor.
(e)
Tape I/O buffer areas are allocated
above the Model 30 Emulator Program
(value (d}), and the size of the area
is indicated by the "BUFSIZE=nnnnn"
parameter.
The Model 40 Emulator Program
storage in the following manner:
allocates
(a)
1400 storage location 0 is 16,384.
(b)
The amount of 1400 storage allocated
is the value of 1024*SIZ1400.
(c)
The total disk and tape buffer size
then is calculated from the BUFSIZE,
DISKDR,
and
SECTORS
parameters.
These buffers are allocated immediately above the Model 40 Emulator
Program.
(d)
The size of the Model 40 Emulator
Program depends on the parameters
specified and is linkage-edited
mediately above 1400 storage.
(e)
im-
The foreground 2 starting location is
found by determining the number of
2048-byte blocks of storage required
for the Model 40 Emulator Program.
The Emulator Program will calculate
this for the user and will automatically add any space between the end
of the Model 40 Emulator Program and
the beginning of the foreground partition to the user's tape buffer
pool. The address of the start of
the f~rst foreground partition is
indicated by a macro note.
If this parameter is
omitted,
assumed value for "nnW is zero.
the
Note:
If the Model 40 Emulator Program is
to be assembled with MPGMBLK not equal to
zero, the DOS supervisor must be assembled
with MPS=YES and S~YES. The DOS supervisor size must be less than 16,384 bytes.
OSADDR={i~S}
If this parameter is specified, the facility for converting 1400 decimal addresses to
their System/360 hexadecimal equivalents is
included in the Emulator Programs. This is
done to facilitate address-stopping in 1400
programs.
If this parameter is omitted or
NO is specified, the facility for 1400address conversion is not generated.
Note:
Address conversion for the Model 40
is also provided in tabular form in Appendix F.
OSALTER=-{~~S}
If this parameter is specified, the facility for altering the current 1400 instruction address through the console typewriter
is included in the Emulator programs. This
is done to allow the operator to perform a
1400-program branch. If this parameter is
omitted or NO is specified, the facility
for altering the 1400 instruction address
is not included.
OSDUMP={ ~~S}
If this parameter is specified, the facility for dumping 1400 storage on the simulated printer device in standard 1400 format, whenever desired by the operator, is
included in the Emulator Programs. If this
parameter is omitted or NO is specified,
the dumping facility is not included. If
this parameter is specified, the facility
for dumping 1400 simulated storage on SYSLST is provided through the operator Service Functions.
(See "Available Functions"
in the section on "Operator Service FUnctions r . ) When specified, 1400 storage is
dumped in standard 1400 format. Additionally, a System/360 main storage dump is
provided if the test-mode option in the
// 1400 control card is specified as WSW.
If the OSDUMP parameter is omitted or NO is
specified, the dumping facility is not
included. If PTR1400=1404, this parameter
must be omitted or specified as NO.
If this parameter is specified, the facility for altering 1400 storage through the
console typewriter is included in the Emulator
Programs.
If this parameter is
omitted or NO is specified, the alteration
facility is not included.
OSINQRY={1400}
YES
NO
If this parameter is specified with 1400,
the facility for simulating the setting of
the 1400 Q latch is included in the Emulator Programs. Also, support for 1400 Read
and Write Console Printer instructions is
included. If this parameter is specified
with YES, the above facilities and the
ability to execute a System/360 nativelanguage inquiry program are included in
the Emulator Programs. If this parameter
is omitted or NO is specified, none of the
above facilities are included. However, if
the 1400 program includes Read Console
Printer
instructions, message EC97I is
issued, and the operator serVice functions
may be used to obtain read-to-console messages.
(See message EC97I in the section
on "Console Messages.")
SEND={Q
}
nnnnn
If this parameter is specified, the facility for displaying 1400 storage on SYSLOG in
blocks of 100 bytes (YES) or less ("nn") is
included in the Emulator Programs. If this
parameter is omitted or NO is specified,
the display facility is not included.
If specified, this parameter will force the
assembler
to
assign
Emulator Program
storage addresses identical to those at
object time. Thus, any System/360 storage
dump of the Emulator Program can be directly related to the Emulator-Program listing.
The value to be used is the decimal value
Program Generation
19
specified in the SEND macro instruction
when the DOS supervisor was generated. The
default value is zero.
SIZ140 0= {~}
This parameter is used to specify the
storage size of the 1400 system to be
simulated. Allowable values for "nnW are
2, 4,
6, 8, 10, 12, 14, and 16. If this
parameter is omitted, the assumed value for
"nnW is 16.
Note:
1400 programs that require more
storage than has been specified for the
SIZ1400 parameter may not execute properly.
This parameter is used to specify the
storage S1ze of the user's System/360.
Allowable values for "nnn" on the Model 30
are 24, 32" and 64. Allowable values for
"nnn" on the Model 40 are 32, 64, 128, and
256.
If this parameter is omitted, the
assumed value for "nnn" is 64.
SYSI0={iPl}
~
This parameter must be specified if the
user wishes to support device independence
for 1400 unit-record devices.
"i", "p",
and "I", represent SYSIPT, SYSPCH, and
SYSLST, respectively, and each may have a
value of 0 through 3. The meanings of the
values are:
o-
Associated device may
to unit record.
be
assigned
~
1 - Associated device may alternately be
aSSigned to a unit-record device or a
magnetic-tape drive (9-track or 7track with the Data Conversion Feature for SYSLST).
2 - Associated device may alternately be
assigned to a unit-record device, a
magnetic-tape drive, a 2311, or 2314
disk drive.
3 - Associated device may alternately be
aSSigned to a unit-record device, a
2311, or 2314 disk drive.
If this parameter is omitted, the assumed
value for "ip1" is 000.
SYSROPT={~~S}
This parameter is used to specify whether
or not the user wants the Emulator Program
to change from card input on SYSRDR to tape
or disk input from SYSIPT during the execution of a 1400 program. If specified as
YES, the Emulator job control cards are
read on SYSRDR, and then, the 1400 program,
data, and read operation control cards are
read on SYSRDR until a // IP card is
encountered. The // IP control card transfers card read simUlation to SYSIPT. If
this parameter is omitted or NO is specified, all Emulator job control cards, the
1400 program, data, and read operation
control cards are read on SYSIPT Which may
be specified as either card reader, disk or
tape.
TIMER={~S}
This parameter specifies the availability
of the interval timer to log the time of
day on beginning and ending
messages.
Emulator-program use of the timer in this
manner does not prevent a foreground program from using the timer for interval
interrupts. If this parameter is omitted
or NO is specified, the timer is not used.
USRPROG={!~S}
This parameter is used to specify that the
user wishes to insert a user-written routine to handle operation codes not supported by the Emulator Program. If this
parameter is omitted or NO is specified.,
the entry to the user-written routine is
not generated.
DESCRIPTION OF CARD READER AND PUNCH
PARAMETERS
COLBINP={~~S}
This parameter is used to specify whether
or not the user wants column-binary support
for the card punch.
If COLBINP=YES is
specified, support for Punch-Column-Binary
or Card Image instructions is generated.
If COLBINP=NO is specified or if this
parameter is omitted, any such instructions
are treated as invalid op codes.
COLBINR={i~S}
Note: If "in, "P", or "I" is specified as
a 2 or 3, a 2311 or 2314 disk drive must be
specified in the SYSFIL parameter of the
FOPI' macro during OOS Supervisor generation.
20
This parameter is used to specify whether
or not the user wants column-binary support
for the card reader.
If COLBINR=YES is
specified, support for Read-Column-Binary
or Card Image instructions is generated.
If COLBINR=NO is specified or if this
parameter is omitted, any such instructions
are treated as invalid op codes.
This parameter is used to specify whether
or not the user wants 51-Column Interchangeable-Read-Feed feature support for
the 1402/2540 card reader. If COL51=YES is
specified. support for reading 51-column
cards is generated. If COL51=NO is specified or if this parameter is omitted, the
51-Column Interchangeable-Read-Feed feature
is not supported. This parameter pertains
to the 1402/2540 card reader only.
PCH1400={ 1442 }
1444
1402
to simulate 1402 or 1444 punch stacker
selection.
(1442 punch stacker selection
is supported by READRSS.) If coded as NO
or if omitted, all Punch Stacker Select
commands are treated as No-Ops., or as
unconditional branches if stacker selection
and branch.
If coded YES. the Emulator
Programs have the ability to simulate punch
stacker selection automatically for the
1444 but not automatically for the 1402. A
parameter C"d") must be inserted in the
// 1400 control card (see "The // 1400
Control Card" in the "Control Cards" section) for each 1401/1460 program in which
1402 punch stacker selection is to be
simulated.
Punch stacker selection
is
handled in this manner for 1402 simulation
because, if it is to be simulated but the
1401/1460 program does not, in fact, issue
Stacker Select instructions. all
punch
overlap is lost. Overlap is not affected
for the 1444 because the Stacker Select
instruction precedes the Punch instruction.
This parameter is used to specify the 1400
punch to be simulated. If this parameter
is omitted, it is assumed that the 1400
punch to be simulated is a 1402.
PCH360={ 1442}
2520
2540
This parameter is used to specify the
System/360 punch.
If this parameter is
omitted.~ it is assumed that the
System/360
punch is a 2540.
PFR={YES}
COM
~
This parameter is used to specify whether
or not the user wants his Emulator Program
to use the Punch-Feed-Read (PFR) feature.
If PFR=YES is specified, the Emulator Program provides support for 1402 Punch and
Punch-Peed-Read (PFR) instructions. or 1442
read, stacker select, and punch operations
utilizing the Punch-Feed-Read feature of
the 2540. When PFR=COM is specified, 1402
simulation of punch-feed-read and stacker
select operations are supported also.
If
the 2540 compatibility Attachment (#8065)
is not installed on the 2821 Control Unit,
PFR=YES should be specified. If PFR=NO is
specified or if this parameter is omitted.
any PFR instructions are treated as invalid
operation codes. If PFR is used. separate
routines for PFR and normal punChing are
generated so that the normal punch overlap
is not lost if the 1400 program does not
require any PFR instruction emulation.
This parameter specifies whether or not the
user wants his Emulator Program to be able
This parameter indicates whether or not the
user
wishes to support reader stacker
selection or all 1442 stacker selection.
If coded NO or omitted, all Reader-Stacker,
or
all
1442-Stacker
instructions are
treated
as
No-Ops
or
unconditional
branches.
If coded YES, the generated
version of the Emulator Program has the
ability to simulate 1402 reader, or 1442
reader punch stacker selection, but cannot
automatically do so.
A parameter ("c")
must be included in the 1400 control card
(see "The // 1400 Control Card" in the
"Control Cards" section) for each 1400
control card for each 1400 program in which
reader stacker selection is to be simulated. Also, a // LC control card should
be included.
(See item 7 in the section on
"considerations.") This parameter is not
recommended if the System/360 reader is a
2540
or 2520, since simulated stacker
selection reduces card read speed, and
hence reduces throughput.
RDR1400={ 1442}
1402
This parameter is used to specify the 1400
reader to be simulated. If this parameter
is omitted!, it is assumed that the 1400
reader is a 1402.
1442
RDR360=1 2501
2520
2540
I
This parameter is used to specify the
System/360 reader.
If this parameter is
omitted, it is assumed that the System/360
reader is a 2540.
Program Generation
21
SSQUANT={ONE }
MANY
BUFSIZE={nnnnn}
00000
This parameter applies only when RDR360=
2540 is specified and the user wishes to
support reader stacker selection (READRSS=
YES). 'Normally, the Emulator
Programs
handle several Stacker Sel'ect commands following a Read command.
Only the last
Stacker Select command, however, is effective.
No card movement occurs until the
next card is encounteted. This method is
inefficient for users who have only one
Stacker Select command following the Card
Read.
This parameter is used to specify the total
main storage to be set aside by the Model
30 or Model 40 Emulator Program for use as
~ape
buffers for Move-mode
operations.
This amount should not be less than the sum
of the "BLKSIZu=nnnn" values, and may not
be increased at object time.
If this
parameter is omitted, the assumed value is
zero. The area defined by this parameter
may be considered to be a pool of buffers
that is divided among the 1400 tapes on
line in a given job according to (1) the
values given in the "BLKSIZu=nnnn" parameters or (2) the revised values given by a
// TAPE control card(s) at object time.
Because
Load-mode
operations
must be
assumed to include the reading and writing
of very large (checkpoint) blocks, each
Load-mode operation has access to
the
entire area defined by nBUFSIZE=nnnnn".
The user should be aware that 16K 1400
checkpoints require a buffer size in excess
of 16,000 bytes since each wordmark in
storage generates a word separator character in addition to the character associated
with the wordmark when written out on tape.
If
the
value
ONE is specified, the
Emulator-Program routine initiptes a card
feed when it encounters the first Stacker
Select command. Subsequent Stacker Select
commands are ignored. If the value MANY is
specified, or if the parameter is omitted,
normal handling of Stacker Select commands
is generated.
This parameter is ignored if READRSS=YES is
not specified. If READRSS=YES is not specified, or if it is specified and the
SSQUANT parameter is omitted, the absence
of a 'Stacker Select command causes the
Emulator Program to wait until the next
1400 Read is encountered.
Note:
If reader stacker selection is required, maximum throughput can only occur
when a Stacker Select command follows most
or all Read Card commands and SSQUANT=ONE
is specified.
DESCRIPTION OF TAPE PARAMETERS
BLKSIzu={nnnn}
0000
This parameter is used to specify the
maximum block length plus one that is
normally read or written in Move mode on
1400 tap~ drive nu" ("u" is 1 through 6).
"nnnn" ~s the size of an area (maximum
block length plus one) of System/360 main
storage set aside for use as a tape buffer
associated with a given drive.
If this
parameter is omitted for a given drive
number. the assumed value is zero.
The value given by this parameter may be
changed at execution time through the use
of a // TAPE control card.
Normally, the
user should include as many "BLKSIZu=nnnn"
parameters as he has 1400 drives to be
simulated, although the user with abundant
main storage may wish
to
include
a
"BLKSIZu=nnnn"
for each drive that is
accessed by 1400
programs.
Load-mode
operations do not depend on "BLKSIZu=nnnn"
parameters.
(See "BUFSIZE=nnnnn".)
22
OSTAPE={~~S}
If this parameter is specified, the facility for dynamically changing and/or displaying 1400 magnetic-tape drive assignments
through the console typewriter is included
in the Emulator Programs. If this parameter is omitted or NO is specified, the
facility for changing tape-drive assignments is not included.
TAPEDR={Q}
This parameter is used to specify the
number of physical tape units that the user
has on his 1400, where "n" is a value from
1 to 6. If this parameter is omitted, the
assumed value for "n" is O.
TAPEMOD=MXEDPAR
This parameter must be included if the
user's 1400 program requires the capability
to read and/or write both BCD and binary
records (mixed-parity records) on either a
7- or 9-track tape~
This parameter may
also be specified to read or write either
even-or odd-parity records if it is desired
to process tape errors in the 1400 program.
(See parameter ny" in the // TAPE control
card.>
However, when this parameter is
specified, tape reading on an applicable
drive is not overlapped. If this parameter
is omitted, the assumed mode for 7-track
tapes is translator on and converter off,
and the density is as specified on the
DOS // ASSGN control card; for
tapes even parity is assumed.
9-track
TAPERRS= LST
LOG
LSTCHAR
LOGCHAR
NO
1400 hardware permits the reading of tape
error blocks by means of an operatorinitiated diagnostic read.
The block of
tape may then be scanned for out-of-parity
characters, and the operator has the choice
of correcting the characters and allowing
the 1400 to process the block or cf bypassing the error block. No. direct equivalent
to the diagnostic read exists in System/360
hardware, but the Emulator Program is able
to approximately simulate the feature when
a data-check condition is logged by DOS.
The meanings of the values are:
LST
The error block is printed on the
device simulating the 1400 printer in EBCDIC after the block has
been translated for unprintable
characters and
may
then
be
printed in hexadecimal~
LOG
- Same as LST, except all printing
occurs on SYSLOG. This is advisable if SYSLST is to be assigned
to a magnetic device.
LSTCHAR - An EBCDIC-only printout of the
error block on
SYSLST,
with
asterisks replacing unprintable
characters.
LOGCHAR - An EBCDIC-only printout of the
error
block
on SYSLOG, with
asterisks replacing unprintable
chara cters.
Note: If PTR360=1404 is specified, LST and
LSTCHAR facilities are not included.
After printing the error block, the operator is given the choice of allowing the
1400 to process the block or bypass the
block. If the parameter is omitted or NO
is specified, the only option available to
the operator in the event of a tape data
check is to ignore the data and bypass the
block, or to cancel the job.
No printout
of the block in error occurs.
several tape units can be assigned to the
same programmer logical unit, but only
during Emulator Program generation. The
assignments may be changed during program
execution if OSTAPE=YES is specified. The
default values for unassigned values of "un
are:
"u"
1
2
3
4
5
6
Programmer Logical Unit
SYS011
SYS012
SYS013
SYS014
SYS015
SYS016
TAPLDMD={~~S}
This parameter must be included if tape
Load-mode operations are to be simulated.
If this parameter is omitted or NO is
specified, tape Load-mode operations are
not simulated. It should be noted that
1400 IOCS opens tape operations in the Load
mode even though 1400 IOCS Move mode is
specified.
DESCRIPTION OF DISK PARAMETERS
n
DISKDR=l 130n
1405
Q
I
This parameter is used to specify the
number
and type of 1400 direct-access
storage devices (DASDs) to be simulated on
2311 or 2314.
To simulate 1311 drives
only, the acceptable values for "n" are 1
through 5, and indicate the number of 1311
drives to be simulated.
To simulate one
module of a 1301 and also "n" 1311 drives,
the correct value is "130n".
To simulate
one module of a 1301, the correct value for
"130nft is 1300.
To simulate a 1405, the
value should be 1405.
The following are
given as examples:
DISKDR=5
All five
simulated
DISKDR=1303
One 1301 module and three
1311 drives to be simulated
(Drives 0, 2, and 4)
TAPEu=SYSnnn
This parameter is used to assign a DOS
programmer logical unit (SYSOOO
SYS221)
to a 1400 tape unit, where "u" is the 1400
tape unit assignment (a number from 1 to
6).
Assignments can be made for each of
the six 1400 tape unit assignments.
The
same tape unit cannot be assigned to more
than One programmer logical unit; however,
1311 drives to be
Note: When less than five 1311 drives are
specified, the lOW-numbered 1400 drives are
assumed.
DISKDR=1300
One 1301 module to be simulated (no 1311)
DISKDR=1405
1405 only to be simulated
Program Generation
23
Note: 1405 and 1301/1311 disk
mutually exclusive.
drives
are
D130lu=SYSnnn
This parameter is used to assign DOS programmer logical units (SYSOOO - SYS221) to
a 1301 Disk Storage. The proper values for
·u" are 1 to 5 for emulation on a 2311, and
1 to 3 for emulation on a 2314.
These
assignments are required only when DISKDR=
130n is specified. When simulating a 1301
on 2311s, the default values for ·u" are:
If this parameter 1S omitted, the default
value for the parameter is 0 and indicates
that no disks are to be simulated.
DISKTYP={2314}
2311
This parameter is used to specify the type
of System/360 device that is to simulate
the 1400 disk unit.
It also applies to
SYSIPT, SYSPCH, and SYSLST when they are
assigned to disk.
If this parameter is
omitted, the assumed value is 2311.
·u"
1
2
3
4
5
1301
Sector Address
000000-039999
040000-079999
080000-119999
120000-159999
160000-199999
Programmer
Logical Unit
SYS001
SYS002
SYS003
SYS004
SYS005
DISKu=SYSnnn
This parameter is used to assign a DOS
programmer logical units (SYSOOO - SYS221)
to 1311 Disk storage Drives, or to a 1405
Disk Storage.
The proper values for "u"
are 1 to 5 for 1311 Disk Storage Drives, 1
and 2 for Model 1 1405 Disk Storages, and 1
to 4 for Model 2 1405 Disk Storages. The
meaning of each value of nun is as follows:
"un
1
1j311
Drive 0
2
Drive 2
3
Drive 4
4
Drive 6
5
Drive 8
1405
Drive 0 (first 25,000
ords for Models 1 & 2)
Drive 2 (second 25,000
ords for Models 1 & 2)
Drive 4 (third 25,000
ords for Model 2 only)
Drive 6 (fourth 25,000
ords for Model 2 only)
"un
2
3
4
5
·u·
1
2
3
1301
Sector Address
000000-079999
080000-159999
160000-199999
a
2314, the
Programmer
Logical Unit
SYS001
SYS002
SYS003
recrecrecrec-
--------
Programmer Logical Unit
SYS001
SYS002
SYS003
SYS004
SYS005
This parameter, when specified as YES,
provides the facility for verifying the
volume serial number of disk packs accessed
by the Emulator Program.
Verification is
performed for each disk pack specified on a
// DVOL control card or initiated by the
operator using the operator service functions. Volume serial number verfication is
recommended to avoid the possibility of the
1400 program accessing the wrong disk pack
in the DOS mUltiprogramming environment.
If this parameter is omitted, or NO is
specified" verification is not performed.
24
When sirr.ulating a 1301 on
default values for ·u· are:
OSDISK={~~S}
The assignments may be changed during program execution time if OSDISK=YES is specified.
The default values for unassigned
values of ·u· are as follows:
1
I
If this parameter is specified, the facility for changing 1400 disk-drive assignments
in mid-program through the console typewriter is included in the Emulator Programs. If this parameter is omitted or NO
is specified, the facility for changing
disk-drivp. assignments is not included.
SCAN={~~S}
This parameter is used to specify that 1311
Scan Disk instructions are issued in the
1400
programs.
If this parameter is
omitted or NO 'is specified, 1311 Scan Disk
instructions are not supported.
SCAN360={~~S}
If the user has the File Scan Feature, this
parameter is used in conjunction with the
SCAN=YES parameter to implement the 1400
Scan Disk Feature on System/360 directaccess storage devices. If SCAN360=NO is
specified, or if this parameter is omitted,
the Emulator Program performs the Scan Disk
function.
SECTORS={ nnn}
020
This parameter is used to determine the
disk I/O buffer size and dictates the
simulation technique to be employed. Valid
entries of ·nnn· range in value from 001
through 020 for the Model 30 Emulator
Program and 001 through 100 for the Model
40 Emulator Program. This value indicates
the maximum number of sectors that can be
read or written in one physical I/O operation.
Program requests for
disk
I/O
exceeding the number of sectors specified
in this parameter cause two or more physical I/O operations to be executed. If this
parameter is omitted, the assumed value for
WnnnR is 020, which should be used, storage
permitting. The only reason for specifying
less than 020 is to conserve main storage.
If TRACKOP=YES or OSINQRY=YES is specified,
the assumed value 020 should be specified.
This parameter is. used only with Model 40
Emulator Program~ and provides support for
Inverted Print Edit. If required, the user
specifies this parameter as EDITINV=YES.
Inverted Print Edit is primarily used in
countries outside the U.S.A., such as in
France where 1000 francs, 5 centimes is
represented as 1.000,05. The default for
this parameter is NO.
PTRASGN={SYSnnn}
SYSLST
TRACKOP={~~S}
This parameter must be specified if track
operations on 1311, 1301, or 1405 are to be
simulated. If this parameter is included,
the wSECTORS=nnn R parameter, if included,
should be given a value of 020.
If this
parameter is omitted or NO is specified,
track operations are not simulated.
VERIFY={~~S}
If this parameter is included, disk records
written by the Emulator Programs are verified.
verification is accomplished in the
standard System/360 manner (cyclic redundancy check). If this parameter is omitted
or NO is specified, the 1400 Write Disk
Check command is treated as a No-Op, except
the simulated Write Disk Check Interlock
switch LS released.
This
parameter is used to assign the
System/360 printer to a specific programmer
logical unit (SYSOOO - SYS221).
This parameter must be used if PTR360=1404 is
specified.. It also may be used when job
contro~
statements directed to SYSLST are
not desired on the printer, such as on
preprinted
forms.
PTRASGN=SYSnnn must
identify a printer and not a magnetic
device.
The default for this parameter is
SYSLST.
PTRLNG={nnn}
132
This parameter is used to specify the
length of the print line on the 1400, where
wnnnw is 100, 120, or 132 for the 1403, 120
or 144 for the 1443, or 132 for the 1404.
PTRLNG must not be greater than the number
of print positions on the System/360 printer.
Also, when PTRLNG=100 is specified,
the actual line-length 'assignment on the
System/360 device is 120 characters (padded
by blanks). If this parameter is omitted,
it is assumed that the print line is 132
characters long.
DESCRIPTION OF PRINTER PARAMETERS
PTR1400={ 1443}
1404
1403
This parameter is used to specify whether
or not the user wants to support the
carriage-control tape pointer option. If
CARRCTL=YES is specified, an image of the
printer carriage-control tape is retained
in main storage and a pointer is used to
indicate the position of the carriage. Use
of this parameter:
(1) eliminates the need
for moving the channel-9 or channel-12
punch up one line, and (2) allows complete
simulation of variable-line and preprintedform printing when SYSLST is assigned to
tape or disk. If CARRCTL=NO is specified
or if this parameter is omitted, the program uses the DOS wLINECT=nn w method to
control the printer spacing when SYSLST is
assigned to tape or disk.
This parameter is used to specify the 1400
printer to be simulated. If this parameter
is omitted, it is assumed that the 1400
printer is a 1403. 1404 should be specified only if cut-card operations are to be
simulated; if continuous forms only are
printed on the System/360" 1403 should be
specified.
If 1404 is specified, a 1404
must be installed on the System/360"
and
the OSDUMP and ERROPNG parameters must be
omitted or specified as NO.
Note: If a 1440 is being emUlated, this
parameter must be coded PTR1400=1443. This
is so that printing can occur from any
location in 1400 storage and be terminated
by a groupmark with wordmark.
Program Generation
25
OSDUMP PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
OSENTER PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
OSINQRY PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
OSTAPE PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
This parameter is used to specify the
PCH1400 AND PTR1400 PARAMETERS INCORRECTLY
System/360 printer. If this parameter is
SPECIFIED
omitted. i t is assumed that the System/360
PCH1400 PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
printer is a 1403.
PCH360 PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
PFR PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
I PROGRAM NAME INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
MACRO NOTE MESSAGES
PTRASGN PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
PTRLNG PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
PTR1400 PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
The following messages could be issued
during Model 30 or Model 40 Emulator- I PTR360 PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
PUNCHSS PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
Program system generation and are selfRDR1400 PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
explanatory:
RDR360 MUST BE 2540 IF COL51=YES
BLKSIZu PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
RDR360 PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
BUFSIZE PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
READRSS PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
BUFSIZE TOO SMALL FOR STANDARD BLOCKSIZES,
I SCAN PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
BUFSIZE ASSUMED AS SUM OF BLOCKSIZES
SCAN360 PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
CARRCTL NOT SUPPORTED IF PTR1400 IS A 1404
SECTORS PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
CARRCTL PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
SEND PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
CATALOG PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
SIZ1400 PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
COLBINP PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
SIZ360 PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
COLBINR PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
SSQUANT PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
COLSl PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
SYSIO PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
DISKDR PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
SYSROPT PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
DISKTYP PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
I TAPE PARAMETERS INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
DISKu PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
TAPEDR PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
DVOL PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
TAPEMOD PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
TAPERRS DISPLAY NOT SUPPORTED IF PTR1400 EQ
D1301u PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
EOJAADR PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
1404
EOJBADR PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
TAPERRS PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
ERROPNG PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
TAPEl PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
FETCH PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
TAPE2 PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
HALTS PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
TAPE3 PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
IOCDATE PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
TAPE4 PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
MPGMBLK PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
TAPES PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
OSADDR PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
TAPE6 PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
OSALTER PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
TAPLDMD PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
OSDISK PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
TRACKOP PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
OSDSPLY PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
TIMER PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
OSDSPLY SPECIFIED GREATER THAN 100, 100
USRPROG PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
VERIFY PARAMETER INCORRECTLY SPECIFIED
ASSUMED
PTR360={ 1443}
1404
1403
I
I
I
I
I
26
SIMULATION OF IBM 1401/1440/1460 FACILITIES
STORAGE LAYOUT
The Emulator Program under DOS for the
Model 30 is designed to reside in main
storage immediately above the Disk operating System (DOS) supervisor. The Emulator
Program
consists
of an initialization
phase and a main phase.
The initialization phase initializes the interphase communication region, and remains in main
storage only until the first Programmed
Mode Switch (PMS) supervisor call (SVC).
It then fetches the ma1n phase, which
overlays,all but the interphase communication region. The main phase is made up of
individual modules
that
simulate
the
various 1400 processes.
The System/360
tape and disk buffer area begins immediately after the main phase and may extend to
the beginning of the 1400 simulated storage
area.
Initial ization
DOS Supervisor
/
X'4000'
r-------------1400 Simulated Storage
Phase
-}-4,096 Bytes
X'4FFF'
Branch Table
MCE and MCS
Interphase Communication Region
--------------
Model 40
Emulator
Program
Main Phase
---- - - -- - - ---EU40 Buffer Area
Storage allocation for a Model 30 Emulator Program with 4K of 1400 storage is
illustrated in Figure 3. (The algorithm for
estimating the total storage requirement. Figure
for a Model 30 Emulator Program, as a function of the parameters specified at generation time, is presented in Appendix G.)
The Emulator Program under DOS for the
Model 40 is designed to reside in main
storage immediately above 1400 simulated
storage.
1400 simulated storage always
starts at hexadecimal 4000. The Emulator
Program consists of an initialization phase
and a main phase. The initialization phase
is loaded immediately above the DOS super-
I
DOS Supervisor
Initialization
Phase (overlaid)
Main Phase
Model 30
Emulator
Program
1400 Simulated Storage (4K)
3.
visor area, possibly extending into the
1400 simulated storage area. The initialization phase fetches the main phase which
copies the branch table and the interphase
communication region from the initialization phase into the storage locations above
1400 simulated storage.
The main phase,
which is made up of individual modules that
simulate the various 1400 processes, then
clears 1400 simulated storage. The System/
360 disk and -tape buffer areas begin immediately after the main phase.
Storage allocation for a Model 40 Emulator Program with 4K of 1400 storage is
illustrated in Figure 4. (The algorithm for
estimating the total storage requirement
for a Model 40 Emulator Program, as a function of the parameters specified at generation time, is presented in Appendix H.)
REGISTER USAGE
EU30 Buffer Area
Figure
Typical Storage Map of Model 40
Emulator Program With 4K of
1400 Storage
I
Interphase Communication Region
-----------------------------
4.
Typical Storage Map of Model 30
Emulator Program With 4K of
1400 Storage
The utilization of the general purpose
registers by the Model 30 Emulator Program
is illustrated in Table 4. Usage for the
Model 40 is shown in Table 5. All general
purpose registers may be used by user
routines if registers 0 through 14 are
saved and restored.
Simulation of IBM 1401/1440/1460 Facilities
27
Table
4.
Use of Registers
Emulator Program
by
Model 30
r------~-------T--------------------------,
I
I Regi ster
I
I
Use by Model 30
I
Emula tor Program
I
~------~-------+--------------------------~
I 0 and 1
I Temporary computations. I
~------~-------+--------------------------~
I 2, 3, 4,
I Base registers~
I
I
I
I 11, & 12
PROGRAMMING RESTRICTIONS AND CONSIDERATIONS
RESTRICTIONS
Before an installation utilizes
the
Model 30 or Model 40 Emulator Program under
DOS, the user must consider the following
programming restrictions:
1.
Time-dependent programs may not yield
results identical to those obtained on
a 1400 system.
2.
The Model 30 and Model 40 Emulator
Programs do not check for an effective
address greater than the main storage
capacity of the 1400 system. The Model
40 hardware always assumes a 16K 1400
main storage, except for 1400 Clear
Storage, Set Wordmark, and Clear Wordmark instructions. Therefore, for the
Model 40 Emulator and for a 16K 1400
memory simulated on a Model 30 Emulator, addresses between 0 and 15,999
are valid; addresses greater than 15,
999 cause a wraparound.
3.
Simulated 1400 locations 0000 and 0100
are not used by the Model 30 and Model
40 Emulator Programs for timing control of read and punch operations as
they are on a 1400 system. The contents of these locations are undisturbed by the Model 30 and Model 40
Emulator Programs.
4.
Programs cataloged under the Model 30
Emulator Program may not be executed
on the Model 40 Emulator Program, and
vice versa.
5.
1050
6.
The Selective Tape Listing Feature
not emulated for printers.
7.
Reassignment
of SYSIO to magnetic
devices restricts
I/O
operations.
11.
A /* card must appear in the job
stream for every 1400 program, whether
or not the program has any card input.
This is because the Emulator Programs
read ahead on the card reader, or the
device assigned to SYSIPT, before they
know if the 1400 program contains a
Read instruction.
12.
1400 disk files written on either
stacked or unstacked packs under the
Model 30 Emulator Program are compatible with files written under the Model
40 Emulator Program, and vice versa.
In addition, files written under the
stand-alone compatibility on the Model
30 are compatible with unstacked packs
produced under the Model 30 Emulator
Program. However, only Move-mode files
written under the stand-alone emulation on the Model 40 are compatible
with unstacked packs produced under
the Model 40 Emulator Program.
If the user desires to take advantage
of the stacked pack capabilities of
the Emulator Programs under DOS, the
user can perform a 1400 disk-to-tape
operation under stand-alone emulation.
Then, perform a tape-to-disk operation
with the Emulator Programs under DOS
to
recreate the files on stacked
packs. This technique can also be
used to convert Load-mode files written under the stand-alone emulation on
the Model 40 to either stacked or
unstacked packs.
13.
A Scan Disk operation is not stopped
by cylinder overflow, but only by a
match or the sector count going to
zero.
14.
The Write Disk Check operation, a
disk-file-to-main-storage compare, is
a System/360 cyclic check of the data
on the 2311/2314.
15.
A check is not made to determine if
all records written on a specific
track are written in the same mode.
16.
17.
1400 programs that depend on wronglength-record checks or cylinder overflow may not run correctly.
These
conditions, as well as other disk
error conditions, are not passed to
the 1400 program.
If SYSLST is assigned to disk,
maximum actual data length is
the
120
characters (121 including the control
character>.
If SYSLST is assigned to
tape, the maximum actual data length
is 144 characters (145 including the
control character>. The first character of each record corresponds to the
Carriage-Control command that is the
System/360 Channel Command Word (CCW>
command byte (known as type A in the
Multiprogramming Support (MPS) utility
macro instruct·ions>. For this reason,
the magnetic-tape unit must be either
a 9-track unit, or a 7-track unit with
the Data Conversion Feature. DOS job
control writes 121-character records
with an ASA control character (known
as type D in the MPS utility macro
instructions).
See the publication
IBM System/360 Disk and Tape Operating
Systems: Utility Programs Specifications, Form C24-3465.
18.
The
higher-order
position of the
address portion of the disk control
field is assumed to be O.
Fileprotection technique~ using the highorder position of this address may not
be
effective.
(Example:
Normal
address and normal address plus xOO,
000 are treated as the same address.>
19.
1400 programs that depend on
the
absence of a feature may not be emulated properly (see "Additional Features" in the "Introduction" section).
For example, because the Emulator Program under DOS appears as a 16,000position system to the 1400 program,
programs written for use on 1400 systems with lesser storage capacity may
reqUire modification.
20.
The Emulator Program operator service
functions may be requested through the
INTERRUPT key only when OC=YES is
specified in the FOPT macro parameter
during DOS Supervisor generation.
Note: When OC=YES is specified for
use with the Emulator Program, other
programs that require the use of the
INTERRUPT key, should not be run during Emulator Program operation.
21.
On nine-track tapes, a
SUbstitute
blank character (1401/1440/1460 A-bit
only> is never converted to a blank.
22.
The DOS copy and restore disk utility
programs cannot be used for stacked
disk packs. When these operations are
required, 1400 disk-to-tape and 1400
tape-to-disk operations must be performed for each half of the stacked
pack using the Emulator Programs under
DOS.
Simulation of IBM 1401/1440/1460 Facilities
31
Table
8.
Unit-Record Operation Correspondence
-----------------------T--------T--------T--------T--------T--------T--------T---------,
I
System/360 I 2540
I 1442
I 1442
I 2501
I 2520
1 2520
1 Magnetic I
I
11400 Unit
land operation
Unit I
1
1
~---------------------
11402
I Model
I N1
I
1 Model
1 N2
I
I Model
I Model
1 Model
I Devices I
1
1
I B1,B2
I B1
I B2,B3
I SYSIO
I
1
I
1
--------~--------~--------~--------~--------~--------~---------~
1
~-----------------------T--------T--------T--------T--------T--------T--------T---------~
IReading only
I YES
I
YES
1
N/A
I YES
I YES
I N/A
I YES
1
~-----~-----------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+---------~
Ipunching only
I YES
1 YES1
I YES1
I N/A
I YES1
I YES1
I YES
1
~-----------------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+---------~
I Readinq & punching
I YES
I N02
I N/A
I N/A
1 N02
I N/A.
I YES
1
~-----~-----------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+---------~
I Puncr Feed Read
I YES3
1 NO
I N/A
1 N/A
1 NO
1 N/A
1 NO
I
~-----------------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+---------~
IReade r Stacker Select 1 YES
I YES4
I N/A
1 N/A
I YES4
1 N/A
I N/A
1
~-----------------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+---------~
Ipunch stacker Select
1 YES
1 YES4
1 N/A
I N/A
I YES4
1 YES4
1 YES
I
~-----------------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+---------~
IPFR STncker Select
I YES5
I NO
I N/A
1 N/A
1 NO
1 N/A
I NO
1
~-----------------------+--------+--------+---~----+--------+--------+--------+---------~
IRead 51-Col Cards
I YESti
I N/A
1 N/A
I N/A
I N/A
1 N/A
1 NO
1
~-----------------------~--------~--------~--------~--------~--------~-------~---------~
11442
I
~-----------------------T--------T--------T----~---T--------T--------T--------T---------~
IReading only
1 YES
1 YES
1 N/A
1 YES
1 YES
1 N/A
1 YES
1
~----------------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--~------~
Ipunching only
1 YES7
1 YESs
I YES
I N/A
1 YESs
1 YES
1 YES
1
~-----------------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+---------~
IRead data cards,
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
I then
I YES7
I YESs
I N/A
1 N/A
1 YESS
I N/A
I NO
I
Ipunch blank cards
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
~-----------------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+---------~
I N/A
IRead & Punch same card 9 1 YES10 1 YESs
I N/A
1 YESs
1 N/A
I NO
1
~-----------------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+---------~
IRead Stacker Select
I YES
1 YES
I N/A
I N/A
1 YES
1 YES
1 N/A
1
~-----------------------+--------+--------+--------+~------+--------+--------+---------~
Ipunch Stacker Select
I YES
I YES
I N/A
I N/A
I YES
1 YES
1 YES
1
~-----------------------~--------~--------~--------~--------~--------~--------~---------~
11444
I
~-----------------------T--------T--------T--------T--------T--------T--------T---------~
1Punching
1 YES
1 YES
I YES11
1 N/A
I YES
I YES11
1 YES
1
~----.---~---------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+---------~
IStacker Select
1 YES
I YES
1 N/A
I N/A
1 YES
1 YES
1 YES
1
~-----------------------~--------~--------~--------~--------~--------~--------~---------~
1 Note:
1
1
I
N/A=not applicable because of hardware limitations.
1
1The Emulator Program executes one additional feed before the first Punch
is executed.
1
I
I
command
2Permissible if punching follows all reading; i.e., data to be read followed by
blank cards. The Emulator Program executes one additional feed before the first
Punch command is executed.
3If the PFR features are installed on the 2540 (#5890) and the 2821 Control Unit
(#5895).
4Cards selected to the 1 or 4 pocket go into stacker 2; cards selected to the 2 or
8, and NR and NP cards go into stacker 1.
5If the 2540 Compatibility Attachment (#8065) is installed
Unit.
on
the
2821
Control
tilf the 51-Column Interchangeable Read Feed (#4151) is installed on the 2540.
?This applies only when punching into blank cards. 1440 Read instructions require
a blank data card in the read unit to simulate initial movement to the punch
station of a 1442. Punch and Stop and Punch and Skip instructions are not
simulated on the 2540 without the PFR feature.
SIf punching is required in the program, the I I 1400 card must indicate this by
the omission of operand "d".
9Reading and punching the same card on a 1442 (1400) allows the simulation
Punch and stop, Punch and Skip, Punch and Feed, and Read Card instructions.
of
10Permissible only if the PFR feature is installed. PFR=YES and PCH14PO=1442 must
be specified and a I I PR card must be used as the last card in the· reader to
switch reading from the reader to the punch side. card-image reading or punching
cannot be simulated in this way.
1
1
1
1
I
1
1
I
1
1
1
1
I
I
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
I
1
1
1
I
I
I
11The Emulator Program executes one additional feed before punching begins to
1
accommodate the devices with reading capability. Therefore, the first card will
I
be a_________________________________________________________________________________
blank card.
JI
IL_____
~
32
23.
24.
When executing a 1440 program that
issues a read command to eject the
last card during 1442 file closing,
one blank card must be placed after
the last data card if not reading
ahead, or two blank cards after the /*
card if reading ahead.
The Model 30 and Model 40 Emulator
programs do not provide System/360
disk or tape file label creation,
verification, or--protection.
If a
user's 1400 program does not perform
these functions, a 1400 or System/360
tape or disk file could be destroyed
without operator notification.
Disk file protection can be attained
only through 1400 programming. However, if user label checking is not used
in the 1400 program, then the following
techniques should be used to
afford volume protection.
•
•
Use the DOS Clear Disk Utility
Program to format all 1400 files
and specify an unexpired date in
the DLBL or DLAB statement. This
creates a VTOC entry for the file,
and thus, protects the file from
other System/360 programs.
Use the // DVOL control card and
specify DVOL=YES when generating
the user's Emulator Program.
By
initializing all user disk volumes
with different and unique volume
serial numbers, the DVOL facility
insures that the correct volume is
being used.
GENERAL COMMENTS ON I/O SIMULATION
In general, all I/O error recovery is
attempted in System/360 mode.
The 1400
program is not notified of I/O errors and
need not include error tests.
The exception to this situation is when mixed-parity
7-track tapes have been specified. Either
standard DOS operator intervention messages
from the physical input/output control system (PIOCS) or Emulator Program initiated
error-recovery messages are displayed when
necessary.
In effect, all I/O is double-buffered
since the Emulator Program reads and writes
from its own I/O areas in System/360 main
storage. Hence, the Emulator Program usually is a card read ahead, a punch or print
behind, a tape read ahead, and a tape write
behind. Disk read operations are not overlapped nor read ahead, but disk write and
verify operations are written behind. Data
is always passed between the I/O areas of
the Emulator and the I/O areas of the 1400.
I/O device independence is provided for
all 1400 unit-record devices. The Emulator
Program simulates requests for unit-record
I/O (card reader, card punch, and printer)
from a comparable unit-record device or
magnetic-tape or disk unit. This enables
the user to efficiently utilize the System/
360 in a multiprogramming environment for
both 1400 and System/360 programs, while
reducing the total processing time required
for most commercial 1400 applications.
USER-WRITTEN SIMULATION ROUTINES
TIMING INFORMATION
Throughput under emulation is not dictated so much by the Emulator as it is by
the 1400 program being executed. It is the
mix of CPU operations (executed by Read
Only storage), I/O operations (executed by
program support), and the amount of interference from higher-priority
partitions
that determines total throughput. Assuming
a normal distribution of the above considerations, a minimum throughput of one to
one with the original equipment can be
expected.
However, this will vary
by
application.
A comparison of processing times using a
representative sample of 1400 instructions
under the Model 30 and Model 40 Emulator
Programs with the 1401/1460 is presented in
Table 7.
The estimated processing times
are based on the assumptions that the timer
is off and that there is
no
mUltiprogramming.
It is possible for the user to include
his own System/360 routine to support I/O
devices which are not supported by the
Emulator Programs. The user-written simulation'routine can be used to process 1400
instructions that use any of the unassigned
operation codes given in Table 9. These
codes are normally considered to be invalid
by the Emulator Programs and are treated as
1400 program errors.. However, if US RPROG=
YES
is
specified at Emulator Program
generation time, control is passed to the
user-written simulation routine when the
Emulator Program encounters any of these
codes.
The user's routine should test for
those codes which are supported in his
simulation routine.
Desired codes can be
processed in any manner.
Upon completion
of the processing, control can be returned
to the Emulator Program for the Model 30 to
continue normal processing with the instruction:
BR
14
(normal return)
Simulation of IBM 1401/1440/1460 Facilities
33
or to the Emulator Program for the Model 40 • Table
to either the 1400 NSI or to I-Fetch at
A-address with the instructions:
BR
B
14
4 (14)
4 (14)
(Back to 1400 NSI)
(Back to I-Fetch at
A-address'
8 (14)
(Error--Abort job)
In the Model 30 Emulator Program
the
address of the 1400 instruction to be
executed is contained in register 6.
The
instruction is in 1400 simulated storage.
All 1400 instructions and data are represented in 1400 simulated storage as shown
in Table 16. Also, the user must use the
special compatibility feature instructions
given in Appendix B when moving
data
between 1400 simulated storage and the
user" s System/360 routine.
In the Model 40 Emulator Program, 1400
instructions are not directly accessible.
Instead, the compatibility feature, when
encountering one of the operation codes
shown in Table 9, performs the following
functions:
• Inserts a hexadecimal "operation code
number" into byte 3 of register O.
Table 9 lists the operation codes and
the corresponding operation code number
fOl: one- , tWO-"
or
seven-posi tion
instructions~
The operation code number for four- or five-position instructions is the ones complement of the
number listed in Table 9.
• Places the A address, if
bytes 0 and 1 of register 1.
•
Pla~es
any, into
the B address, if any,
bytes 2 and. 3 of register 1.
• Places the d-modifier,
byte 2 of register o.
if
into
No word mark
Plus
( Left parenthesis
< Less than
Group mark
Minus
$ Dollar sign
* Asterisk
) Right parenthesis
Semicolon
~
Delta
¢ A bit only
Word separator
,
Backward slash
~
Segment mark
bl Blank
Colon
> Greater than
v Tape mark
* Record mark
+
I
J
T
X
o Letter
o
With the except~on of the operation code
number which 1S in hexadecimal notation,
the information placed into registers 0 and
1 by the compatibility feature has the same
character representation as data in simulated 1400 storage and as shown in Table
15. When moving data between 1400 simu-
0
Zero
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
OA
OB
OC
OD
OE
OF
10
11
20
30
40
44
50
60
80
90
-------------------------~---------------
lated storage and the user's simulation
routine" the user must use the special
compatibility feature instructions given in
Appendix D.
All user-written routines must save and
restore registers 0 through 15, and the
routines must be cataloged in the Assembler
Source Statement Library.
To catalog a
program in the Assembler Source Statement
Library, the following sequence of cards
must be used:
// JOB
CATALOG
// EXEC
MAINT"
CATALS A.progname
BKEND
··.l
any, into
• Places the address of the next sequential 1400 instruction into bytes 0 and
1 of register o.
34
Operation Code
I Operation
I
I Code Number
I
I (Hexadecimal) I
~-------------------------+---------------~
*
(Error--Abort job)
or to the Emulator Program for the Model 40
with the instruction:
B
Unassigned and Invalid Operation
Codes
r-------------------------T---------------,
I Model 40
I
I
I
I
I
For all undesired codes, control should be
returned to the Emulator Program for the
Model 30 with ~he instruction:
B
9.
User-written routine
BKEND
/*
/&
To include the user-written routine in
the Emulator Program, the following sequence of cards must be used when generating the Emulator Program:
// JOB
// OPTION LIST
// EXEC
ASSEMBLY
euname
:}
END
A 1402 and/or a 1442 can be simulated on
a card-read-punch or magnetic-tape or disk
unit extent attached to the System/360
subject to the limitations of Table a.
Eighty columns will be read and punched
into or from 1400 locations 1 to 80 and 101
to 180, respectively, if a 1402 is being
simulated. Either 80 columns or the number
of columns preceding a groupmark with a
wordmark are read into or punched from the
B-Address of a 1442 instruction if that
device is being simulated.
MACRO
USRPROG
COpy progname
MEND
EU30[EU40J
Emulator Program parameters
ACOMPOl
/*
/&
The name WprognameW is the name used to
catalog the user-written routine in the
Assembler Source Statement Library.
SIMULATION OF I/O DEVICES
CARD READ PUNCH SIMULATION
Reader stacker selection is optionally
supported.
Because card read speed is
reduced when such simulation is specified,
the user is advised to employ it only when
essential.
Cards are read ahead except
when simulating reader stacker selection,
or 1442 read-punch updating.
TwO methods are used to read cards. The
method used depends on whether overlapped
operations are possible. When it is, cards
are preread into buffer areas and the
standard /* DOS data delimiter card is used
to provide a last card indication for the
preceding data card.
However, cards are
not preread by the Emulator Program during
1442 read-punch-update simulation or during
read-stacker-select simulation.
In
the
case of no prereading, the 1400 program
initiates the physical reading of the card.
To inform the Emulator Program of a pending
end-of-file condition, the // LC Emulator
control card must be placed before the last
data card in the deck. Although the // LC
card is required only when preread operations will not occur, it is suggested that
both the // LC and /* cards be used since
the // LC card is ignored during preread
operations.
When reading ahead and not
stacker
selecting, a Reader Stacker Sel~ction instruction will be treated as a No-Operation
(No-Op), and a Reader Stacker Selection and
Branch as an unconditional branch.
It
should be noted that it is possible to name
a stacker for all input cards in the
// 1400 control card.
Punch stacker selection is optionally
supported.
Unless a 1401/1460 program is
known to include stacker selection for all
or most punch instructions, punch stacker
selection should not be simulated. This is
because punch overlapping is lost if the
Emulator Program expects a stacker select
following a punch and does not get one.
If RDR1400=1442, PCH360=2540, and PFR=
YES are specified, the instructions to read
and punch the same card can be emulated if
the PFR feature is installed on the 2540
Card Read Punch. A // PR card conditions
the program to read all following cards
from the punch side.
Consequently, all
data cards should be on the punch side of
the 2540, and a blank card should be placed
in front of the first data card. Since the
data cards are not read ahead, the // LC
card should precede the last data card.
After the user end-of-job routine, DOS
controls card reading and thus reinitializes the read functions to normal. Programs
with overlays cannot be cataloged if using
this option.
1402 punch-feed-read operations may be
simulated on a 2540 with both the PunchFeed-Read feature and the 2540 Compatibility Feature (the Compatibility Feature is
required
only
when simulating stacker
selection of punch-feed-read cards).
Because standard DOS or Emulator Program
initiated operator-intervention
messages
are given in the case of card errors, 1400
Branch
on
Punch-Error
or
Read-Error
instructions are treated as No-Ops.
1400 card-Read instructions may be simulated on any card reader or magnetic-tape
or disk unit assigned to SYSIPT.
The
Emulator Program checks for the type of
device assigned to SYSIPT at execution time
and constructs proper I/O commands for that
particular device. If the unit assigned to
SYSIPT is a magnetic-tape
or disk unit,
all records must contain aO-byte unblocked
records, and disk records must be organized
either as a standard
sequential
file
(EXTENT Type 1) or as a split-cylinder
sequential file (EXTENT Type 128) with a
key length of zero and a data length of 80.
All disk records must be contained within
one extent., specified in the standard manner; however, multireel magnetic-tape files
are
supported.
The
Emulator Program
rewinds and unloads a tape unit upon encountering a tapemark.
The 51-Column Interchangeable Read Feed
feature is supported by the utilization of
a // 51 control card, which is the last
Simulation of IBM 1401/1440/1460 Facilities
35
80-column card before the first 51-column
card.
This card causes the Emulator Program to issue console message EC03D. After
the operator has mounted the device on the
2540 Card Read Punch and readied the reader, he enters START in response to message
EC03D to continue processing. The // 51
control card conditions the program to move
columns 15-65 of the card buffer area into
1400 storage.
When the 51-column feature
is being utilized, column-binary and punchfeed-read operations are excluded. Stacker
selection is limited by the device to the
Rl and R2 pockets; therefore, parameter "c"
of the // 1400 control card must not be a
2.
(See "The // 1400 Control Card" in the
"Control Cards" section.) SYSIPT must be
the 2540 card Read Punch.
The Column-Binary or Card-Image feature
utilizes a // CB control card to cause all
following cards to be read in data mode 2.
If the 1400 program has normal BCD Read
instructions, the data is translated to
data mode 1 when loaded into 1400 storage.
Unrecognized characters are replaced with
blanks.
This facility could be used for
bypassing data checks. The // CB control
card must immediately precede the first
column-binary data card. When the ColumnBinary feature is being utilized, 51-column
and PFR operations are excluded for that
run. SYSIPT must be on the card reader.
Column-Binary or Card-Image-Punch instructions do not require control cards, and are
executed in the correct mode when encountered.
These cards are punched in 1400
column binary representations and can only
be read by 1400, or simulated 1400 devices
or emulators.
~:
1400 Card-Punch instructions may
be
simulated on any card punch or magnetictape or disk unit assigned to SYSPCH within
the physical limitations of the device (see
Table 8). The Emulator Program checks for
the type of device assigned to SYSPCH at
exe.cution time and constructs proper I/O
commands for that particular device. If
SYSPCH is assigned to a magnetic-tape or
disk unit, either 80- or 81-character records are written unblocked.
If the symbolic parameter PUNCHSS=NO is
specified at assembly time or no punch
stacker selection is indicated in
the
// 1400 control card, 80-character records
are written unblocked on the magnetic unit.
If the symbolic parameter PUNCHSS=YES for
1444 or 1402 simulation, or if READRSS=YES
for 1442 simulation and the // 1400 control
card indicates that punch stacker selection
is to be simulated!, 81-character records
are written unblocked on the magnetic unit.
The first character of each 81-character
36
record corresponds to the Stacker Select
command
that is the standard extended
American Standard Association (ASA) code (V
is pocket 1., W is pocket 2) •
Since ASA
codes provide for only two possible pockets
for
stacker selection, 1402 Card-Punch
instructions directing the output to pocket
8 (read-punch pocket) contain the code v.
When SYSPCH is assigned to a magnetictape unit, multireel output files are supported as the Emulator Program writes a
single tapemark at the end of the reel,
rewinds, and unloads the unit upon detection of an end-of-reel condition. A tapemark is written at the beginning of the
next reel.
Upon termination of the 1400
program (either normally or abnormally),
the Emulator Program writes a single tapemark to indicate end of file, then backspaces one record (past the tapemark) so
that the next job in the job stream may
continue to use the unit for SYSPCH, or the
unit may be rewound and unloaded to preserve the integrity of the file.
No tape
labels are written by, nor are any tape
labels required by the Emulator Program.
The tape unit is presumed to be properly
positioned to write the first record prior
to the execution of the 1400 program. If
SYSPCH is assigned to a disk unit, 80- or
81-character records are written unblocked
within one extent. All disk records have a
key length of zero. Proper DLBL and EXTENT
cards must be submitted to DOS prior to the
assignment of SYSPCH to a disk unit; therefore, no label checking is required by the
Emulator Program. File organizations supported include standard sequential (EXTENT
Type
1)
and split-cylinder sequential
(EXTENT Type 128). If end of extent is
reached prior to the termination of the
1400 program, console message EC74I is
displayed followed by message EC83I, and
the 1400 program is abnormally terminated.
The Emulator Program does not close a disk
file assigned to SYSPCH upon termination of
a 1400 program; therefore, the operator
must issue a standard CLOSE command to
SYSPCH upon completion of the job stream.
The number of records written on each disk
track is 25 for the 2311 and 38 for the
2314.
The user should calculate his file
requirements to ensure that the assigned
extent contains sufficient space to hold
the file prior to the execution of the
program.
PRINTER SIMULATION
All printer operations are supported
except selective tape listing. This operation may be added by the user if desired.
1401 and 1460 combination I/O instructions
are supported.
As in the case of reader punches, a 1403
and/or a 1443 may be supported on either
device (or a magnetic-tape or disk unit)
attached to a System/360.
If a 1403 is to be simulated, 132
positions are printed from 1400 locations
201 to 332, unless otherwise indicated by
the PTRLNG parameter. If a 1443 is being
simulated, 120 or 144 positions or the
characters
preceding
a
groupmark are
printed from the B-Address of a 1443 instruction, whichever is specified in the
PTRLNG parameter.
To achieve maximum overlap, Branch-OnCarriage-Overflow instructions do not cause
the Emulator Program to wait for printer
device end. Therefore, the 1400 program
does not know of a channel-overflow condition until it has executed the Print command (or space command) after the command
that caused the overflow.
This requires
that the channel-12 hole be moved up one
line in the carriage tape from its 1400
position.
The
channel-overflow
latch
remains set until the 1400 program executes
a Skip command or a Branch-On-Overflow
instruction.
When the CARRCTL=YES parameter option is
specified, the Emulator Program maintains a
carriage-control-tape image area in main
storage. As printer operations are performed, a pointer in this area indicates
the position of the print line on the page.
This area is checked for overflow and
channel indications rather than interrogating the printer indicators. When the user
wishes to utilize the carriage-control-tape
image option, he uses the // CCTL control
cards at 1400-program execution time (see
"The // CCTL Control Cards n in the ncontrol
Cards" section).
The proper
carriagecontrol tape still must be placed in the
printer to provide the skip to channel
punches'.
Since all I/O error recovery is done in
System/360 mode, a 1400 branch on printer
error or branch on print~r busy is treated
as a No-Op.
1404 cut-card operations are simulated
only on a 1404.
Thus, both PTR1400 and
PTR360 must specify a 1404 and PTRASGN must
specify a programmer logical unit other
than the default value SYSLST. A billfeed-read operation, as well as any valid
combination instruction, causes 30 bytes to
be transferred to 1400 storage. During
bill-feed-read operations, the carriagecontrol-tape-image option provided by the
// CCTL card is discontinued and the billfeed-read operations are not overlapped.
If continuous forms operations are to be
simulated, parameter PTR1400 must specify a
1403, therefore, a different generation of
the Emulator Program must be used.
1400 printer instructions
(excluding
1404 bill-feed operations) may be simulated
on any printer or magnetic-tape or disk
unit assigned to SYSLST.
The Emulator
Program checks for the type of device
assigned to SYSLST at execution time and
constructs proper I/O commands for that
particular device. If SYSLST is assigned
to a magnetic-tape unit, records are written unblocked, and have a length dependent
on the line length specified in the PTRLNG
parameter.
Except when PTRLNG=100, the
record length is equal to PTRLNG + 1. When
PTRLNG=100, the record length is 121 characters. The first character of each record
corresponds to the Carriage-Control command
that is the System/360 Channel Command Word
(CCW) command byte (known as type A in the
multiprogramming
support
(MPS) utility
macro instructions). For this reason, the
magnetic-tape unit must be either a 9-track
unit or a 7-track unit with the Data
Conversion Feature. DOS Job control writes
121-character records with an ASA control
character (known as type D in the MPS
utility macro instructions).
The Emulator Program uses the type-A
forms
control character for throughput
efficiency. Since most 1400 forms-control
commands are of the form "write a line and
space" or "skip after printing," the use of
ASA codes causes two records to be written
for each 1400 command (one for the line of
print" the other for the forms movement
after printing).
Type -A control characters provide 'the
print-and-space-after
facility in one record. Multireel output
files are supported since the Emulator
Program writes a single tapemark at the end
of the reel, rewinds, and unloads the unit
upon detection of an end-of-reel condition.
A tapemark is written on the beginning of
the next reel.
Upon termination of the
1400 program (either normally or abnormally), the Emulator Program writes a single
tapemark to indicate end of file, then
backspaces one record (past the tapemark)
so that the next job in the job stream may
continue to use the unit for SYSLST, or the
unit may be rewound and unloaded to preserve the integrity of the file.
No tape
labels are written by, nor are any tape
labels required by the Emulator Program.
The tape unit is presumed to be properly
positioned to write the first record prior
to the execution of the 1400 program.
If SYSLST is assigned to a disk unit,
121-character records are written unblocked
within one extent (key length zero, data
length 121).
The first character of each
record corresponds to the Carriage-control
command, followed by the first 120 print
positions. The remaining 12 print posi-
Simulation of IBM 1401/1440/1460 Facilities
37
tions are truncated. DOS Job Control messages may be bypassed, except that all
records are 121 bytes in length; therefore,
the user must separate the records in some
other manner, such as testing the first
character of each record (forms-control
character>. Proper DLBL and EXTENT cards
must be submitted to DOS prior to the
assignment of SYSLST to a disk unit; therefore, no label checking is required by the
Emulator Program.
File organization supported includes standard sequential (EXTENT
Type 1) and
split-cylinder
sequential
(EXTENT Type 12S).
If end of extent is
reached prior to the termination of the
1400 program, console message EC731 is
displayed, and the 1400 program is abnormally terminated.
The Emulator Program
does npt close a disk file assigned to
SYSLST upon termination of the 1400 program; therefore, the operator must issue a
standard CLOSE command to SYSLST upon completion of the job stream. The number of
records written on each disk track is 19
for the 2311 and 32 for the 2314. The user
should calculate his file requirement to
ensure that the assigned extent contains
sufficient space to hold the file prior to
the execution of the 1400 program. It
should be noted that the 1400 Printer
commands, which cause immediate spacing or
skipping without writing a line, cause a
record,to be written.
If SYSLST is assigned to either tape or
disk, and the CARRCTL=YES parameter option
is not specified, the standard DOS linecount facility (initialized for each job to
the value of the "LINECT=nn" parameter of
the SET card, or to the standard value) is
used to simulate end-of-form conditions
(channel 9 or channel 12 in the carriagecontrol tape, but not both>~ As each line
is written" the count is decremented by the
number of lines spaced (e.g., a write and
space two lines after print decrements the
count by two). Since the number of lines
skipped when simulating a skip to channels
2 through 11 cannot be predicted, the count
is decremented by one. It is not desirable
to assign SYSLST to a magnetic unit when
the 1400 program prints a variable number
of lines between form skips and a preprinted form is being used.
To calculate
the value to be used in the DOS "LINECT=nn"
parameter, the number of lines written from
the channel-l punch in the carriage-control
tape to the channel-12 punch are counted,
and to this are added the number of lines
spaced betweep the two punches plus one for
each immediate skip to channels 2 through
11.
MAGNETIC-TAPE SIMULATION
All magnetic-tape operation codes for
the 1400 programs are supported. Process
3S
overlap is treated in the same manner as
described in the publication IBM System/360
Model 30 1401/1440/1460 Compatibility Feature, Form A24-3255.
7-track tapes should be specified to run
the appropriate parity with the translator
on and the converter off. Mixed even- and
odd-parity tapes can be simulated only with
a loss of read ahead capability.
The following specifications, which are
made in the DOS ASSGN card for assigning a
logical I/O unit to a physical device, are
used to specify mode settings for 7-track
and 9-track tapes. The first six entries
are valid only for 7-track tape. The last
four entries are valid only for 9-track
tape. If the mode setting is not specified
in the ASSGN card, the system assumes odd
parity at SOO bpi with the translator off
and the converter on for 7-track tapes
which can cause invalid recording of data
for emUlation.
X'CO' is the normal reset
mode for a 9-track tape unit and specifies
the maximum byte density for that device.
x'CS' is an Alternate-mode setting for
9-track dual-density tapes only. The specifications are:
Setting BPI
X'2S'
200
X'3S'
200
X, 6 S'
556
X'7S'
556
X'AS,
SOO
X'BS'
SOO
X'CO'
SOO
X'CO'
1600
X'CO'
1600
X"CS'
SOO
parity
even
odd
even
odd
even
odd
single-density 9-track
single-density 9-track
(phase-encoded)
dual-density 9-track
(phase-encoded)
dual-density 9-track
(phase-encoded)
The operations performed by the Emulator
Program are read, write, and control operations.
Therefore"
all logical IOCS fUnctions (i.e., label checking,
blocking/
deblocking, etc.) remain the responsibil~
ty of the 1400 program with one exception.
This exception is that the Emulator Program
provides error recovery if mixed parity has
not been specified for the given drive.
A
Tape Error Recovery routine is provided to
simulate an operator-initiated diagnostic
read and storage scan.
Load-mode operations are supported, but
they are not overlapped with processing or
other tape operations.
This is because
Load-mode operations must support checkpoint records" which require the combining
of all tape I/O buffers.
A 16K 1400
checkpoint, as written by SORT 7, requires
a System/360 I/O area in excess of 16,000
bytes.
Checkpoint is, therefore, not feasible on a System/360 with less than 64K.
The Emulator Program does not support
read-ahead operations if the tape being
read contains mixed even- and odd-parity
records,.
When the Emula tor Program recognizes a Read in the wrong mode, it sets the
1400 error indicator and returns to the
1400 program; thus, read-ahead operations
on tape are impractical with mixed-parity
tapes. Tape error recovery is performed by
the 1400 program and not by the Disk
Operating System. If the user wants the
1400 program to handle tape error recovery
on a particular tape drive, he should
specify mixed parity even though mixedparity records are not on the tape.
1400 tapes written or read by the Emulator Program are completely compatible with
those written under machine compatibility
or on,a 1400 system (provided 7-track tapes
are used). System/360 volume and header
labels are not supported by the Emulator
Program.
Alternate mode provides for the recording of either 6-bit binary or BCD data in
standard EBCDIC format on 9-track tape
operating in Compatibility mode. Use of
Alternate mode is desirable when processing
6-bit binary information with System/360
programs.
If specified at Emulator system generation, the Alternate tape mode of operation
sets bit 1 to 1 (see Table 16, note 1).
The input/output (external storage) EBCDIC
should not be confused with the internal
code used with the Compatibility Features.
SeVen-Track Tape Data:
Seven-track tape
data is represented exactly as it is on
1400-series
systems.
Seven-track tape
requires that the appropriate 7-Track Compatibility Feature be installed on the tape
control unit to convert BCD data to EBCDIC,
and that the 7-Track Read/Write Head be
installed on the magnetic-tape unit.
Magnetic-Tape Data Representation
DIRECT-ACCESS SIMULATION
Nine-Track
Tape
Data:
The
9-track
magnetic-tape output of 1400 compatibility
applications is similar to the 9-track tape
format used with normal System/360 operations, except that parity is represented by
bit 1 of the byte. This allows for the
processing of mixed-parity data on 9-track
tape.
With ~ parity, each 6-bit Binary
Coded Decimal (BCD) character is represented by its corresponding BCDIC-8 bit
configuration.
(See Table 16.) Bit 1 of
the BCDIC-8 character is always on (1).
With ~ parity, each 6-bit BCD character
is represented by its corresponding BCDIC-8
character representation as shown in Table
15. Bit 1 of the 8-bit BCDIC-8 byte is off
(0).
Exampl.e:
Even parity:
xlxxxxxx
Odd parity:
xOxxxxxx
where wxw may be either 1 or
o.
A tape error is recognized during evenparity operations when bit 1 is a 0 and
during odd-parity operations when bit 1 is
a 1. The 9-track, Normal-mode, odd-parity
tape format is not compatible with conventional EBCDIC System/360 tape. Its sole
purpose is to preserve character compatibility between Emulators; for example, when
card-to+tape operations are being performed
on a 1401 Emulator and the output is to be
input to a 1410 Emulator.
The Emulator Programs support up to five
1311 Disk Storage Drives or one module of
1301 Disk Storage on 2311 Disk Storage
Drives or, alternately, five 1311 drives
and/or one module of a 1301 drive on 2314
Direct Access Storage Facilities.
Alternately, a Model 1 or Model 2 1405 Disk
Storage may be simulated.
Simulation of
the 1405, however, excludes simulation of
1301/1311. The five 1311 drives may be
simulated on as few as two-and-a-half or as
many as five disk packs on 2311s. // ASSGN
cards may be used at object time to assign
each 1311 to a 2311 or a 2314, and a
parameter in the // 1400 control card specifies which half of the 2311 or which
quadrant of a 2314 is to be used for the
1311 file(s).
Hence, any 1311 can be
simulated on, either half of any installed
2311 or on any quadrant of a 2314, with the
necessary assignments made at object time.
One module of 1301 Disk Storage requires
five complete 2311 Disk Storage Drives or
two-and-a-half disk packs on 2314 modules.
These 2311 drives and 2314 modules must be
separate and distinct from any 2311 drives
and 2314 modules used to simulate 1311 Disk
Storage Drives.
The programmer logical units to be used
for 1311 and 1301 simulation are assigned
according to assembly parameter
cards.
Unless changed by the user, the following
assignments for 1301 simulation on a 1111
are assumed:
Simulation of IBM 1401/1440/1460 Facilities
39
1301 Sector Address
000000-039999
040000-079999
080000-119999
120000-159999
160000-199999
Programmer
Logical Unit
SYSOOl
SYS002
SYS003
SYS004
SYS005
Unless changed by the user, the following assignments are assumed for 1301 simulation on a 2314:
1301 Sector Address
000000-079999
080000-159999
160000-199999
Programmer
Logical Unit
SYSOOl (Module 1)
SYS002 (Module 2)
SYS003 (Module 3)
The assignment of these logical units to
physical units is accomplished with the
// ASSGN card used by DOS Job control.
Both 1311 and 1301 are simulated by
writing 100-character records without keys,
20 to the track.
(Track record uses one
2980-character record without a key.)
(See
"Disk-Pack Initialization" in this section. )
A 1405 may be simulated in lieu of 1311
or 1301. In this instance, two 2311 drives
or one module of a 2314 facility are
required for a Mode1 1 and four 2311 drives
or two modules of a 2314 facility for a
Model 2.
As with 1311 simulation, the
programmer logical units are assigned in
the macro generation. Each 2311 contains
twenty-five thousand and each 2314 module
contains fifty thousand 200-character records.
All
disk
operations are supported,
including Load mode, track record, sector
count overlay, and scan disk. Disk errors
are handled in System/360 mode, so the 1400
is never informed of disk error conditions.
Therefore, those programs that depend on
error conditions from disk in order to run
may not run correctly (e.g., cylinder overflow). Seek operations are overlapped with
subsequent processing or other I/O operations,
as are write operations.
Read
operations are not overlapped, since the
assumption is made that processing is random in most cases. Write-check operations
may be optionally accomplished by specifying VERIFY=YES at assembly time.
In
order to provide maximum overlap, this
write check is not performed when requested
by the 1400 program, but is done on a
delayed basis. If VERIFY=YES is not specified at assembly time, the 1400 program
Write-Check instruction is treated as a
No-Operation. However, when specified, the
time for performing disk write operations
may be increased by as much as 50 percent.
The 1311/1301 disk control field is updated
by a write-check operation.
I
40
Disk-Pack Initialization
Emulator/DOS 1311 and/or 1301 disk routines are designed to operate with formatted 1316 (on the 2311) and 2316 (on the
2314) disk packs. That is, each track must
be written with either 100-character or
2980-character records without keys prior
to accessing it under the Emulator Programs.
This may be done using the DOS
Initialize Disk and Clear Disk utility
programs, with or without the option for
assigning cylinder 200 as a prime data
cylinder, and specifying the appropriate
parameters for clearing or initializing
tracks or sectors. The only times that the
option for assigning cylinder 200 as a
prime data cylinder is selected is when the
user wishes to simulate:
(1) two 1311
drives on one 2311, (2) four 1311 drives on
one 2314 module, or (3) one module of the
1301 on either a 2311 or 2314.
The Emulator Program reads and writes
100-character records when the 1400 program
requests sector operations (either Move or
Load mode) and 2980-character records when
the
1400 program requests track-record
operations (either Move or Load mode).
When Load-mode operations are performed,
the 1400 program either gets or puts the
first 90 characters of the 100-character
records or the first 2682 characters of the
2980-character records.
The reason the Emulator Programs do not
read and write 90- or 2682- character
records is that such an approach makes it
impossible for the Emulator Programs to
alternately use a track for both Move- and
Load-mode operations, such as is done in
1400 disk sort programs.
The Model 30
stand-alone Compatibility Feature and the
Model 40 stand-alone Emulator Program write
compatible move-mode records on the first
half of a 1316 (i.e." cylinders 1 through
100). However, Model 40 stand-alone emulator load-mode records on the first half of
a 1316 are not compatible with the Emulator
Programs under DOS because these load-mode
records are 90 or 2682 characters
in
length.
1311 Disk Initialization:
the Emulator
Programs under DOS use cylinders 1 through
100 to simulate a 1311 on the first half of
a 2311, just as straight compatibility
does.
(Tracks 0 and 1 of cylinder 0 are
reserved for the volume label and VTOC and
are not used by the Emulator Programs.) In
addition, the Emulator Programs under DOS
use cylinders 101 through 200 to simulate a
1311 on the second half of a 2311. On a
2314, the Emulator Programs use cylinders 1
through 50 and heads 0 through 19 to
simulate a 1311 on the first quadrant,
cylinders 51 through 100 and heads
0
through 19 to simulate a 1311 on the second
quadrant, cylinders 101 through 150 and
heads 0 through 19 to simulate a 1311 on
the
third quadrant, and cylinders 151
through 200 and heads 0 through ,19 to
simulate a 1311 on the fourth quadrant.
Users who run their programs under 1400
emulation under DOS first must initialize
their disk packs using the DOS Initialize
Disk utility program. If the user desires
to simulate two 1311 drives on a 2311 or
four 1311 drives on a 2314, he must use the
stacked-disk option in the DOS Initialize
Disk program. Normally, the user then runs
the DOS Clear Disk utility program for
clearing and formatting unstacked packs.
For stacked packs, he uses the stacked-disk
option
in the DOS Clear Disk utility
program.~
In using the stacked-disk option in the
DOS Clear Disk utility program, the user
should specify a high expiration date of
99365 to reserve an extent in the VTOC,
thus preventing Emulator-allocated space
from being allocated to another file.
Since cylinder 200 normally is used for
alternate tracks, users desiring to simulate two 1311 drives on a 2311 (four on a
2314) or a 1301 on a 2311 or 2314 must use
the stacked-disk option in the DOS Initialize Disk utility program to initialize the
1316 or 2316 packs for use by the Emulator
Programs.
Normally, the DOS Initialize
Disk program assigns defective tracks to
alternate tracks beginning on cylinder 200
and indicates the correct number of unassigned alternate tracks in the Format 4
label.
Optionally, tracks 2 to 9
of
cylinder 0 and cylinders 201 and 202 are
assigned as alternate tracks, with cylinder
200 assigned as a prime data track. If the
entire disk pack is dedicated to emUlation
under DOS (stacked), cylinder 200 is used
as a data track. If the entire disk pack
is not dedicated (unstacked), cylinder 200
is used as an alternate track. If a pack
that formerly used cylinder 200 as a data
track is released for open-shop use, the
pack should be reformatted with the normal
option of the DOS Initialize Disk utility
program prior to release.
ize Disk utility program, using the option
for cylinder 200.
The 2311/2314 drives
should be cleared with the DOS Clear Disk
utility
program, using the option for
cylinder 200 and specifying a key length of
o and a data length of 100 for sector
operations and a key length of 0 and a data
length of 2980 for full-track operations.
1405 Disk Initialization: 1405 disk routines are designed to operate with formatted 1316 or 2316 disk packs: however,
all operations (sector and track) require
200-character records.
Load-mode operations are accomplished in the same manner
as described for the 1311. The disk packs
should be initialized normally with the DOS
Initialize Disk utility program. The user
must clear the 1316 and 2316 disk packs to
200-character records (key length of zero)
with the DOS Clear Disk utility program
from cylinder 1, head 0 to cylinder 193.,
head 9 for the 2311, and cylinder 1, head 0
to cylinder 110, head 19 for the 2314.
Cylinders 111 to 199 of the 2314 module are
available to the user, as are cylinders 194
to 199 of the 2311.
CONSOLE INQUIRY SIMULATION
AUTOCODER/COBOL assemblies can be accomplished under the Emulator programs with
generally improved timings. The AUTOCODER
system pack can be simulated on either half
of a 2311 or either quadrant of a 2314 and
should be preformatted to all 100-character
records. It can be built under the Emulator Programs from standard card input,
using
normal
1400
system
generation
procedures.
Read and Write Console Printer instructions in Move or Load mode are supported
when OSINQRY=1400 or YES. A single console
Read instruction transfers up to 50 characters including wordmarks entered from the
console and places a groupmark with a
wordmark after the last character entered.
A single console Write instruction types
200 characters or those characters preceding a groupmark with a wordmark. Wordmarks
in Load mode count as a character. Write
Console Printer instructions in Move mode
only, having a data length exceeding 200
characters, can be executed by inserting a
carrier-return line feed functional control
character (]) in the 1400 program data
field at intervals of 200 characters maximum.
Read Console Printer instructions in
Load mode can be executed.
However, a
groupmark/wordmark in 1400 storage does not
lock the Printer-Keyboard, and the operator
may continue to type data. When the Emulator Program encounters a groupmark/wordmark
in 1400 storage while transferring data,
data transfer is stopped.
In order to
determine
if
a groupmark/wordmark has
stopped data transfer, the DISPLAY operator
service function can be used. The Emulator
Program does not support the functional
control character tabulate ([). The console inquiry Q latch function is also
supported when OSINQRY=1400 or YES.
1301 Dksk Initialization: Users of a 1301
drive on the 2311/2314 should initialize
the 2311/2314 drives with the DOS Initial-
The 1052 Printer-Keyboard emUlates the
1407 or 1447 Console Inquiry Station.
The
correlation of the functions of the 1407/
Simulation of IBM 1401/1440/1460 Facilities
41
Table 10.
Correspondence of 1407/1447 Functions With 10S2 Functions
r-------------------T--------------------T----------------------------------------------,
I
1407 Function
I
1447 Function
I
10S2 Function
I
~-------------------t--------------------t----------------------------------------------1
I
REQUEST key
I
TYPE key
I
Console INTERRUPT key
I
I
I
I
wEC40D TYPE IN FUNCTION n
I
I
I
I
nINQUIRY 1400 W reply
I
I
I
I
ALTN CODING KEY AND wsn key (EOB)
I
~-------------------t--------------------t----------------------------------------------i
I
ENTER light
I
PROCEED light
I
PROCEED light
I
~-------------------t--------------------t----------------------------------------------1
I RESPOND key
I RELEASE key
I ALTN CODING key and WS" key (EOB)
I
~-------------------t--------------------t----------------------------------------------1
I CLEAR key-light I CANCEL key-light , For Read Operation:
I
,L___________________ , ____________________ , ______________________________________________
ALTN CODING key and "0" key (CANCEL)
JI
~
Table 11.
~
Dissimilar Graphics:
vs. 10S2
1407/1447
Table 12.
,r------'--------------T--------------------,
,
,
1407/1447
,corresponding
I
Character
'10S2 Character
,
I
~--------------------t--------------------i
,
I
:
I
•
I
~--------------------t--------------------1
,
v
,
n
,
~--------------------t--------------------i
I
>
I
=
I
I
D
I
:
I
I
ill-
I
?
I
,
fj.
I
,
~--------------------t--------------------1
~--------------------t--------------------~
~--------------------t--------------------i
,
n
I
<
I
~--------------------t--------------------i
,
,~--------------------t--------------------i
[
I
(
,
~--------------------t--------------------i
,
$
,
,
I
Translated Codes and Graphic
Symbol Differences
r--------T------~----------------T-------,
I
I BCD ,System/360 8-BitIEBCDIC I
Card 'GraphiclCode Sent to the 'Graphic ,
Printer
I Symbol I
I Code 'Symbol I
~--------t-------t----------------t-------i
, 12-8-S I
[
,
0100 0000
,blank I
I
t--------t-------t----------------t-------i
, 12-8-6 I
<
I
0100 0000
Iblank ,
~--------t-------t----------------t-------1
, 12-8-7
* I 0100 0000 I blank I
r--------t---,----t----------------t-------i
I
12
, & + I
0101 0000
I &
I
~
~--------t-------t----------------t-------i
, 11-8-5 I
]
I
0100 0000
I blank I
t--------t-------t----------------t-------1
I 11-8-6 I
:
I
0100 0000
I blank I
~--------t-------t----------------t-------i
, 11-8-7,
fj.
,
0100 0000
,blank I
~--------t-------t----------------t-------i
, 0-8-5 I
I
0100 0000
,blank I
~--------t-------t----------------t-------i
, 0-8-6 I
,
I
0100 0000
,blank ,
,~--------------------t--------------------i
,
,
>
,
t--------t-------t----------------t-------i
, 0-8-7,
0100 0000
,blank ,
t--------t-------t----------------t-------i
,
8-2 ,
D
I
0100 0000
,blank I
t--------------------t--------~-----------i
~--------f-------t----------------t-------i
r--------------------t--------------------i
I
?
,
g
,
t--------t-------+----------------+-------i
I
8-6 I
>
I
0100 0000
,blank ,
r--------f-------t----------------t-------i
,
8-7 I
v
I
0100 0000
I blank ,
t--------f-------f----------------t-------i
I 12-0 ,
?
,
0101 0000
I i
I
,~--------------------t--------------------i
<
,
+
,
I
]
,
)
I
~--------------------t--------------------i
I
!
,
P
,
r--------------------t--------------------i
,
b
,
space
,
r--------------------t--------------------i
,
,
w
,
r--------------------t--------------------i
, ____________________
...
, ____________________
x
,
L
~
~
42
J
ill-
,
8-5
I
:
,
I
0100 0000
I blank
I
~------t-------t----------------f-------i
11-0 ,
!
I
0110 0000
,,
I
t--------f-------t----------------f-------i
,+ ,
, ________
0-8-2, _______
...
, ________________
0100 1110
L
_______ J
~
~
~
1447 with
Table 10.
those
of the 1052 are shown in
There are certain differences between
the 1407/1447 graphics and those of the
1052.
The 1407/1447 record mark (*),
exclamation mark (!), and question mark (?)
are not produced by the 1052. Substituted
for these special characters are the lowercase alphabetics ·x·, ft p ., and ft g ., respectively. A wordmark is represented on the
1052 by an underscore (_) preceding the
character associated with the wordmark. A
word separator character is represented as
a lower-case w. The graphics of the 1052
that are dissimilar to those produced by
the 1407/1447 are listed in Table 11.
DIFFERENCES IN PRINTER GRAPHICS
System/360 EBCDIC graphic symbols for
certain card codes differ from 1400-series
system BCD graphic symbols. Some of these
character codes are translated by the Emulator Programs into codes for which the
graphic symbols correspond to 1400-series
system symbols. Table 12 shows those codes
transmitted to the printer which require
translation or have graphic symbol differences.
The Print Word Mark instruction is emulated as in the 1460 system.
A groupmark
character is printed in the wordmark line
as ft2ft: a groupmark with wordmark as ·3".
Simulation of IBM 1401/1440/1460 Facilities
43
CONT·ROL CARDS
EMULAT.OR JOB CONTROL CARDS
• // CCTL
The job control cards for 1400 programs
appearing in a job stream should be as
follows:
If the carriage-control-tape image
option is desired. See "The // CCTL
Control Cards" in this section.
• .// JOB jobname
• 1400 object deck
or
• // ASSGN
• // FETCH card
and/or
• 1400 data cards
If 1400 devices are reassigned.
• // UPSI
The User Program Switch Indicator
(UPSI) card is used to set 1400
sense switches. UPSI bits 0-6 coincide with sense switches A-G.
A 1
in
the appropriate bit position
indicates that the sense
switch
should be initially set on for this
run; a 0 indicates off.
All sense
switches are initialized off when a
// JOB card is encountered.
Sense
switch A should not normally be set
on for a run unless the user wants
the first 1400 test for last card to
be successful. The Emulator Program
sets sense switch A on when it
encounters a /* card.
• // EXEC euname
"euname" is the name given by the
user to his Emulator Program. It is
the same name as that punched into
the name field of the EU30/EU40
macro when it was generated.
• // 1400
Always required.
See "The // 1400
Control Card" in this section.
• // TAPE
If nonstandard block sizes, mixed
parity on 7-track, or 9-track compatibility is desired.
See "The
// TAPE
Control
Card"
in this
section.
• // DVOL
Verification of a given volume serial number(s) for a disk pack(s)
accessed by the Emulator Program is
desired. See "The // DVOL Control
Card" in this section.
44
• /*
Always required.
•
/&
If end of job stream.
If DOS is logging job control statements
(// OPTION LOG card before the // EXEC
card),
the Emulator control cards are
printed on SYSLOG in card-image format. It
. is possible to correct Emulator Control
card errors (on // 1400, // TAPE, // DVOL,
and // CCTL cards) by typing a correct
response on the console typewriter. If LOG
is specified, the control card in error
will be the last card printed on the
console output. Information on an invalid
control card is not accepted by the Emulator program.
(See Operator Message EC29D.)
THE // 1400 CONTROL CARD
Each 1400 program to be executed under
the Emulator Program requires, immediately
following the // EXEC card, an Emulator
control card of the following format:
/ / 1400 name, a,b, c, dr, e, f,o f2f£tfef!8' g, hhhhh
There can be only one // 1400 control
card per job. Until a valid // 1400 control card is read or the job is cancelled,
any other card read is considered a control
card error.
The card is free form in the same manner
as all other job control cards. At least
one blank must separate the "//" from the
operation code (1400) and at least one
blank must separate the operation code from
the operands. The operands are positional
and conform to the standard rules for
writing positional parameters; that is" any
or all operands may be omitted" but if one
operand is omitted and a following operand
is included, the comma following the
operand must be included.
first
drive 1,
just as if the operator
had pressed the TAPE LOAD key on a
1400~
In this case, data cards
or, if no card input, a /* card
immediately follows the // 1400
control card.
For ex.:ample:
// 1400
All operands have default values.
• C Specifies that the 1400 program is
to be loaded from cards, but is
not to be executed. Instead, the
Emulator Program punches a System/
360 object module from the 1400
program that can be cataloged by
the
user
into his Core-Image
Library. The 1400 object deck (or
overlay) must immediately follow
the // 1400 control card. Overlay
programs may not be cataloged on
the Model 40 .•
// 1400 PAYROL"b",e
Operands "a", "c", "dR, "fof2f4f6fe",
"g", and "hhhhh" have default values.
// 1400 ,a,b
The name is blank and all operands
after "b" have default values.
The meaning of the
default values are:
operands
and
their
• D Specifies that the 1400 program is
to be loaded from the Core-Image
Library and executed.
In this
case, the // FETCH card, punched
by the Emulator Program as a part
of the catalog function, must immediately follow the // 1400 control card, or // TAPE, // DVOL,
and
// CCTL
control cards if
included. Otherwise, the job is
cancelled.
name
Specifies the name of the 1400 program
to be executed. This name is used in
logging the start and end of job
messages, and is the name under which
the 1400 program is cataloged in the
Core-Image Library if cataloging is
requested. This operand may consist
of from 1 to 6 characters or may be
omitted. If used in the catalog function, it should be 6
characters.
Names less than 6 characters in length
are left-justified and filled with
blanks when they appear in the start
and end messages. If "name R is greater than 6 characters, only the first 6
bytes are used.
b
When cataloging is not being done,
this parameter is used to specify a
1400 storage dump on an abnormal job
termination.
If this parameter is
omitted or if it is other than a 1, a
1400-style main storage dump accompanies abnormal job termination. In
addition a System/360 main storage
dump is provided if the test-mode
option in the // 1400 control card is
specified as "SR. If "b" is a 1, no
dump occurs. Parameter may be coded a
1 if preprinted forms are in SYSLST or
SYSLST is assigned to a magnetic unit.
This parameter takes on special meaning when the catalog option is being
executed. By coding this parameter
with a 1, the catalog routine will
interpret this to mean that either a
non-overlaying 1400 program, or the
first (root) section of an overlaying
1400 program is being cataloged. This
will conserve library space and improve retrieval time. Subsequent sections of overlaying 1400 programs must
not specify a 1 in this parameter when
cataloging. This parameter has its
normal meaning when the 1400 program
is actually executed.
a
Specifies the 1400 load device. This
parameter may be a 1, 2, C, D, or it
may be omitted. Omitting this parameter is equivalent to making it a 1.
The meanings for the values of "a"
are:
• 1 Specifies that the 1400 program is
to be loaded from cards or the
unit assigned to SYSIPT, and immediately follows the // 1400 control card"
and / / TAPE, / / DVOL,
and // CCTL control
cards
if
included.
If the user wishes to
have the Emulator Program move the
input/output control system (IoeS)
date ("yyddd") into those positions in which 1400 logical IOCS
expects it (82-86 and 195-199), he
should remove the
two
clearstorage cards from his 1400 object
program.
The Emulator Program
clears 1400 storage to blanks.
• 2 specifies that the 1400 program is
to be loaded from the logical tape
drive corresponding to 1400 tape
c
Specifies an input card stacker option
for 1402 simulation or both the input
and output stacker options for 1442
simulation.
This parameter can be
Control Cards
45
used to specify simulation of Read
Stacker Select instructions or
to
specify a stacker for all input cards
following the // 1400 control card up
to and including the /* card. On the
Model 40, the parameter is also used
to specify a 1400 branch-on-readererror option. The proper values for
the Model 30 are 1, 2, 3, or omitted.
The proper values for the Model 40 are
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or omitted.
If
this parameter is omitted, all cards
go into stacker 1.
stacker. Using this parameter for a
program in which
Punch
Stacker
Select
commands
are not issued
results in a loss of punch overlap.
If SYSPCH is assigned to a tape or
disk device, ao- (no stacker selection) or al-character (with stacker
selection) records are written based
on this parameter.
In the latter
case, the first character is the DOS
code for stacker selection.
• When simulating a 1442 card read
punch, nd" specifies whether or not
punching
into the same card is
required when a 1442 Card Read Punch
is being simulated by a 1442 or 2520
Card Read Punch. If nd n is a 1,
read punch update is desired and
input cards are not read ahead.
If
"d" is omitted or specified as other
than a 1, input cards are read
ahead.
If nc n is coded as a 1 or 2, all input
cards are read ahead and directed to
the R2 or RP3 stackers, respectively.
This is the recommended coding, since
card-read speed is maximized and full
overlap occurs.
If ncR is coded as a 3, input cards
are not read ahead, but are stackerselected according to the 1400 program.
(READRSS=YES must be specified
when
the
Emulator
Program
is
generated.)
A // LC card must be
placed just ahead of the last data
card the 1400 program is to read. The
card, which is not passed to the 1400,
is directed to the Rl stacker. A /*
card should be included following the
last data card.
It should be noted
that a reduction in card throughput
fesults if stacker selection is simulated. This parameter, if specified
ap
3,
is ignored for a catalog
0pEEration.
I t "c n is coded as a 4,
5, 6, or 7
(applicable to the Model 40 only), the
same stacker select options are provided as when
the
parameter
is
omitted, or coded as a 1, 2, or 3,
respectively. In addition, the 1400
branch-on-reader-error option is activated.
When an invalid BCD character
is encountered by the reader, control
is returned to the 1400 program to
process the reader error, and message
EC49 is suppressed.
e
Specifies a 1400 halt option. If "eft
is a 1, operator restart is possible
after 1400 halts other than end of
job.
(See "Operator Messages" in the
nConsole Messages" section.) If "en
is other than a 1, or if it is
omitted, 1400 halts other than end of
job are considered abnormal termination and result in the termination of
the 1400 job. If OSDUMP=YES is specified at Emulator Program generation, a
1400-style main
storage
dump
is
provided.'
fof2f4 f 6 f 8
SpEcifies
either
a punch stacker
select option or a
punch
option
depending on the 1400 device to be
simulated. The meanings for the value
of nd" are:
Specifies a disk part option. The
five characters in the parameter correspond to 1311 disk drives 0, 2, 4,
6, and a, respectively. A disk part
option may be specified for each of
the five drives starting with drive o.
If less than five are specified, the
high-numbered drives are defaulted to
O. Each character of the parameter
may be coded as either a 0 or a 1 for
simulation on a 2311, and a 0, 1, 2,
or 3 for simulation on a 2314.
• When simulating a 1402, "d" specifies a punch stacker select option
for 1402 simUlation. If ad" is a 1
and PUNCHSS=YES is specified when
the Emulator Program is generated,
punch stacker selection is simulated. If "d n is other than a 1, or
if it is omitted, all punched cards
are directed to the normal punch
For simUlation on a 2311, a 0 indicates that the respective 1311 drive
is to be simulated on the first 100
cylinders of the 2311 to which this
file is assigned; that is, cylinders 1
through 100.
A 1 indicates that the
respective 1311 drive is to be simulated on cylinders 101 through 200 of
its assigned 2311 unit.
For simula-
d
46
• When simulating a 1444 card punch,
stacker selection is automatic if
PUNCHSS=YES, and parameter nd n is
ignored.
tion on a 2314, a 0 indicates that the
respective 1311 drive is to be simulated on cylinders 1-50, using heads
0-19, of the first quadrant of the
2314 to which this file is assigned.
A 1 indicates that the respective 1311
drive is to be simulated on cylinders
51-100, using heads 0-19, of
the
second quadrant of the 2314 to which
this file is assigned. A 2 indicates
that the respective 1311 drive is to
be simulated on cylinders 101-150,
using heads 0-19, of the third quadrant of the 2314 to which this file is
assigned.
A 3 indicates that the
respective 1311 drive is to be simulated on cylinders 151-200,
using
heads 0-19, of the fourth quadrant of
the 2314 to which this
file
is
assigned.
• T Specifies that the 1400 program is
to be executed in the "Test Mode"
which causes 1400 program errors
to be trapped automatically to the
Operator Services routine in the
Emulator Program.
This permits
the operator to attempt to restart
the 1400 program using the operator service functions.
A 1400
style storage dump is provided
automatically if OSDUMP=YES
is
specified at Emulator Program generation.
• S Provides all of the "Test Mode"
functions provided by "T".
Additionally, provides a System/360
main storage dump following 1400style storage dumps.
I
Examples:
01010 - 1311 disk drives 0, 4, and 8 are
to be simulated on the first 100
cylinders of their assigned 2311
units, which must be different
2311 units.
1311 disk drives 2
and 6 are to be simulated on the
second 100 cylinders of their
assigned 2311 units, which must
be different units.
01230 - 1311 disk drive 0 is to be simulated on cylinders 1-50, using
heads 0-19, of the first quadrant
of
the assigned 2314.
1311 disk
drive 2 is to be simulated on
cylinders
51-100, using heads
0-19, of the second quadrant of
the assigned 2314.
1311 disk
drive 4 is to be simulated on
cylinders 101-150, using heads
0-19, of the third quadrant of
the assigned 2314.
1311 disk
drive 6 is to be simulated on
cylinders 151-200, using heads
0-19, of the fourth quadrant of
the assigned 2314.
1311 disk
drive 8 is to be simulated on
cylinders 1-50, using heads 0-19,
of the first quadrant of the
assigned 2314, which must be a
different 2314 than the unit to
which drives 0, 2, 4, and 6 are
assigned.
Stacking of disk packs can reduce
disk throughput to the 1400 program if
sequential access organization is being
used.
~:
g
Specifies a test-mode option.
This
parameter is coded either S or T (or
TEST). The meanings for the values
are:
If "g" is coded other than an S or T, or if
is omitted, 1400 program errors result
1n an abnormal job termination.
~t
hhhhh
End-of-job instruction address
(1STAR) option. When the Emulator Program is generated, standard end-of-job
halt indications can be
specified
through the EOJAADR and EOJBADR parameters.
If the user has standard endof-job halts, the Emulator Program
will automatically transfer control to
DOS Job Control upon encountering a
halt instruction whose A and/or B
address equaled the values specified
by the EOJAADR and EOJBADR parameters.
The
"hhhhh"
parameter,
issued
at
execution time, enables the user to
supply the instruction address of the
end-of-job halt unique to the particular 1400 program.
The EOJ halt instruction address is always compared
first to the contents of the A- and/or
B-address registers (if the parameters
were specified) and then is compared
with the value supplied in this parameter. This parameter is specified as
a five-digit decimal number with leading zeros and having a maximum value
of 15999.
THE // TAPE CONTROL CARD
Standard tape I/O buffer assignments are
made when the Emulator Program is generated
through the
"BLKSIZu=nnnn"
parameters,
where "un refers to the 1400 tape unit
number. These standard buffer assignments
may be changed at execution time through
the use of the // TAPE control card.
The
general format of the // TAPE control card
is as follows:
// TAPE u 1 =nnnnn,y,u2=nnnnn,y., •••
Control Cards
47
The card is free form in the same manner as
all other job control cards. At least one
blank must separate the "//" from the
operation code (TAPE) and at least one
blank must separate the operation code from
the operand(s). The operands are positional and must be separated from each other by
a comma; the first blank encountered terminates the operands. The remainder of the
card may be used for comments.
As many
// TAPE control cards as desired may be
used: continuation cards, however, are not
allowed. The tape buffers are reset to the
stand~rd
values upon termination of each
1400 program.. The meaning of the operands
are as follows:
specified, tape errors are passed to the
1400 program for processing.
If parameter "y" is omitted,
"B"
is
assumed.
Even though the "y" parameter is
positional"
if the
"yft
parameter
is
omitted, the comma must be omitted ..
Examples:
// TAPE 3=1000,A
1400 tape drive 3 is allotted 1000
bytes of the tape buffer area., which
allow a maximum of 999 characters to
be read or written as one physical
block on 1400 tape unit 3 in the Move
mode.
In addition, 1400 tape unit 3
is assigned to a tape to be written
in mixed, odd or even parity.
u
Specifies the number (from 1 to 6) of
the 1400 tape unit to be assigned to
the I/O buffer area.
nnnnn
// TAPE 1=0,2=580
Specifies the amount of storage to be
allocated for the tape I/O buffer.
This value must exceed by at least one
byte the physical block size of all
records read or written from this unit
in the Move mode.
1400 tape drive 1 is not used in this
program, freeing the standard block
size for unit 1 for use by any other
unit.
1400 tape drive 2 is allotted
579 bytes of the tape buffer area.
y
Specifies the mode of 7- or 9-track
tape that is being used. .yft may be
either an A or B.
The meanings for
these values are:
• A For 7-track tape; either even,
odd, or mixed parity as determined
by the mode specified in the 1400
program instruction.
For 9-track tape; either even,
odd, or mixed parity as determined
by the mode specified in the 1400
program instruction.
Parity is
indicated by the setting of bit 1.
For example:
THE // OVaL CONTROL CARD
The optional // DVOL control card identifies the volume serial numbers of disk
packs for which volume serial number verification is to be performed by the Emulator
Program at initialization time.
To·use
this option, the DVOL=YES parameter must be
specified at Emulator Program generation
time.
Verification is performed between
the data specified in the control card and
the unique volume serial number in the
Standard Volume Label. The general format
of the // DVOL control card is as follows:
// DVOLyyyy DISKn=xxxxxx ••••
even parity:
odd parity:
X1XXXXXX
XOXXXXXX
where X may be either a 0 or 1.
• B For 7-track tape; the mode specified in the DOS // ASSGN card.
~F~o~r~_9~-_t~r~a~c~k~_t~a~p~e;
(Bit 1 = 1).
alternate mode
For example:
even parity:
odd parity:
X1XXXXXX
X1XXXXXX
where X may be either a 0 or 1.
"Aft may be specified only when TAPEMOD=
MXEDPAR is specified at Emulator Program
generation. When ftA" and "MXEDPAR" are
48
Where "yyyy" is the 1400 DASD device type
for which verification of volume serial
number is to be performed. ftyyyy" must be
specified as either a type 1301, 1311, or
1405.
The card is free form in the same manner
as all other job control cards.
At least
one blank must separate the "//" from the
operation code (DVOL) and at least one
blank must separate the operation code from
the operand(s).,
As many // DVOL control
cards as desired may be used; continuation
cards" however" are not allowed. The meaning of the operand is as follows:
DISKn
Specifies the 1400 disk drive on which
the disk pack is mounted. "n" is the
1400 disk drive number (0, 2, 4, 6, or
8). See the "DISKu=SYSnnn and D1301u=
SYSnnn" parameters under "Description
of Disk Parameters" in the "Program
Generation" section.
xxxxxx
specifies the volume serial
(six alphameric characters).
number
Although the use of the // DVOL control
card is optional, it is recommended that
the volume serial number verification capability be used to avoid the possibility of
the 1400 program accessing the wrong disk
pack in the DOS multiprogramming environment. Additional verification may be performed at the operator's option for 1311
direct-access storage
devices
assigned
through the DVOL OISKn and OVOL DISKn=
xxxxxx operator service functions.
(See
"Available Functions" in the Operator Service Functions section.)
The
operator
initiated option is not available for 1301
and 1405 direct-access storage
devices
because they are considered fixed devices
that are not changeable during execution of
a 1400 program.
THE .// CCTL CONTROL CARDS
The // CCTL control cards provide the
Emulator Program with the carriage-controltape
image.
The CARRCTL=YES parameter
option must be specified at
EmulatorProgram generation time to use this option.
If only one card is needed to define the
carriage-control-tape image, the // CCTL
control card should be used. If two cards
are needed, the // CCTLl and // CCTL2 control cards should be used.
A CCTLl card
must be read before a CCTL2 card is considered valid. If a CCTLl card is read,
there must be a CCTL2 card or the job will
be cancelled. The formats of the // CCTL
control cards are as follows:
r----------T------------------------------,
11 3 4
9110
801
~----------+------------------------------i
1//
CCTL
I'Lines 1-69 of the
I
carriage tape image' I
(up to 69 lines)
_____________________________
JI
I
I
IL__________ I
~
r---.------T------------------------------,
11 3 4
9110
801
~----------+-----------------------------i
1//
I
CCTLl I'Lines 1-69 of the
I
I
. carriage tape image'l
I
I
(up to 69 lines)
L-_________
______________________
JI
~------
r----------T--------------------------T---'
9110
141 8 0 1
11 3 4
~----------+------------.--------------+--..;~
1// CCTL2 1'Lines 10-132 of the
1
1
I
I
carriage tape image' 1
1
(up to 63 lines)
I __..;JI
I__________ 1__________________________
L
~
~
Note:
132 lines is the maximum form size
for the 1403 or 1443 printer.
The card is free form in the manner of
other job control cards.
At least one
blank must separate the "//" from the
operation CCTL (or CCTLn) and at least one
blank must separate the operation from the
carriage tape image. An apostrophe is used
to
delimit
the
image in each card.
Although the card is free form, it is
suggested that the apostrophe be in column
10 of the first card to simplify the
positioning of the control punches. If
this is done, adding 10 to the line number
of the control tape will determine the line
location on the card. Thus, tape line 4
would be positioned in column 14 (see
Figure 5).
Frequently, carriage-control
tapes are made with the form image repeated
several times. One image in the // CCTL
card(s) is all that the Emulator Program
requires, however, the form image may be
repeated exactly as on the carriage-control
tape. Each column in the card represents a
line on the carriage-control tape, and the
rows of the card correspond to the channels
of the tape. The punches are as follows:
Card Punch
12 11 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 8 9
Channel Punch 12 11 10 1 2 3-4 5 6 1 8 9
A maximum of two punches is allowed in each
card column; if there are two punches, one
must be a 12 or 9 punch.
At 1400-program execution time, the Emulator Program automatically initializes the
carriage-control tape on the printer to
channell.
A carriage-control tape and a // CCTL
control card for an l1-inch form to be
printed at 6 lines per inch is illustrated
in Figure 5. A carriage control tape and
// CCTL control cards for a 14-inch form to
be printed at 6 lines per inch is illustrated in Figure 6.
READ OPERATION CONTROL CARDS
Six read operation control cards are
used by the Emulator Programs to control
1400 program read operations. These cards,
when required, must be placed at appropriate positions in the 1400 program data
cards.
Control Cards
49
The read operation control cards (with
the exception of the // FETCH card) are
prepared by the user in a standard format.
All cards are punched with a // in columns
1 and 2. a blank in column 3, and the
operation code in columns 4 and 5.
The
// FETCH card is punched in the proper
format by the Emulator Program during cataloging operations. The functions of the
control cards are as follows:
• // CB - This card is required only
when performing column-binary operations. The control card must be placed
following
the
// 1400,
// TAPE,
// CCTL, and // DVOL emulator job control cards, and prior :to the first
column-binary data card.
(For more
details, see "Card Read Punch Simulation" in the section on "Simulation of
I/O -Devices.")
• // FETCH - This card is automatically
produced by the Emulator Programs during a catalog run of a 1400 program.
The card is required only when executing a cataloged 1400 program. (For more
details, see "Fetching" in the section
on "programming Considerations.")
• // LC - This card is used as a data
delimiter card, and is required by the
Emulator Program when performing either
1442 read-punch-update simulation, or
read-stacker-select simulation.
This
card is placed just prior to the last
data card in the deck. Although this
card is not required for other operations, it is suggested that both the
// LC and the conventional /* cards be
used.
(For more details, see "Card
Read Punch Simulation" in the section
on ·Simulation of I/O Devices.")
• // IP - This card is required when the
user desires to read Emulator job control cards from SYSRDR and 1400 programs
or
data from tape or disk
(SYSROPT=YES). Upon encountering the
// IP control card, reading operations
are transferred from SYSRDR to SYSIPT.
Thus, when this card is used, SYSRDR
and SYSIPT must be specified on separate programmer logical units and the
SYSIO parameter must specify SYSIPT on
either tape or disk (SYSIO 100). The
// IP control card is placed in the
card
reader following the // 1400,
// TAPE, // CCTL, and // DVOL emulator
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 000
12131415161118192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869101172131415
1111111111
l' 1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 111
22222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222
3331111333333333333313333333333333333333333333333333 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 33333333333313333333
44444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444
5 5- 5 5 5 5 5 5 51 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 55 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 15 5 5
66666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666
7 7 7 7 7 77 7 7 77 7 7 7 7 7 77 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 77 7 7 7 7 77 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 77 7 7 7 7 7 77 7 7 7 7 7 77 7 7 7 7 7 7
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 81 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 88 8 8 8 18 8 8
99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999
1 2 3 4 5 6 1 8 9 1011 1213 14 15 16 1118 19 20 11 '! 23141526112829303132 33 3435 36 31 38 39 40 41 42434445464148495051 515354555651585960616163646' 66 6168 691011 127314151611 181q 80
Figure
50
5..
Carriage-Control Tape and // CCTL Control Card for ii-Inch Form
2
000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
1 2 3 4 S 6 7 8 ,9 1
121314 IS 16 17 18191011 122324 2S 26 17 1e 19 30 31 323334353637383940414243 444S 46 47 48 49 SO SI S1 S3 S4 SS SSSI 5iS9 60 61616364 6S 66 6168 69 10 II 121374751617 78
1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111
,2 2 2 2 2.2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 21 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
3331111333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333 3 3 3 3333333333333333333333333
44444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444444
5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 51 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5' 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 I
66666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666£66666666666666666666666666666666
7 7 7 7 7 77 77 7 77 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 77 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 77 77 7 7 7 7 77 7 77 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7
8888888881888888888888888888888888888888888888888888 8 8 8 8 8 88888888888888888888881
99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91011 1113141516111819201112131415
Z[,
111819 30 3131333435363138394041424344454641484950515253 S4 5\ 56 51 58 5960 61616364 65 6667 56 69 70 7171 n
I~
157617 781980
IBM L~.ID
Figure
6.
carriage-control Tape and // CCTL Control Cards for 14-Inch Form
job
coptrol cards.
The only read
operation control card that may be
included in the same program as this
control card is the // FETCH card. The
// FETCH card may either precede or
follow the // IP card. Reading operations are returned to SYSRDR by the DOS
supervisor following 1400 end of job.
- This
card is required only
when simulating 1442 punch-feed-read
operations on a system/360 2540 Card
Read Punch.
Since cards are not preread during punch-feed-read operations,
a // LC card must also be included.
The // PR card conditions the Emulator
Program, to read all of the following
cards from the punch side of the 2540.
Thus', all data cards, including the
// LC control card and the conventional
/*
card must be on the 2540. For
proper operation a blank card must be
• / / P.R
placed in front of the first data card.
(For more details, see "Card R~ad Punch
Simulation" in the section on "S~mulation of I/O Devices.")
,
• // 51 - This card is required only
when
performing 51-column cut card
operations. The control card must be
placed just prior to the first 51column data card.
The control card
causes an operator message to be issued
requesting the operator to mount the
51-Column Interchangeable Read
Feed
Feature.
(For more details, see "Card
Read Punch Simulation" in the section
on "Simulation of I/O Devices.")
The control cards // CB, // IP, // PR., and
// 51 are mutually exclusive and combinations of these cards in the same 1400
program are not supported.
Control Cards
51
PROGRAMMING CONSIDERATIONS
INQUIRY
Standard System/360 inquiry programs can
be called from the Core-Image Library and
executed while under control of the Emulator Program if OSINQRY is specified at
Emulator system generation.
This should
not be confused with the multiprogramming
facilities of DOS, since the inquiry program is called as a background program
phase.
All 1400 program processing is
stopped while an inquiry program is being
executed.
Inquiry
programs that have
already been written in Assembly Language
require minor modifications to be linkageedited and called under the Emulator Program because certain programming considerations must be met:
• The inquiry program must be linkageedited with the generated Emulator Program. The PHASE card required for the
inquiry program is as follows:
PHASE progname,INQPROG
where INQPROG is a label defined in the
Emulator Program as an ENTRY.
The
"progname" must adhere to
standard
phase name restrictions and is the name
used by the operator when requesting an
INQUIRY.
• The program must not exceed 2,980 bytes
of storage; it may, however, contain
multiple overlay phases.
• Upon completion of the inquiry program,
when the user would normally code the
EOJ macro, control is passed tack to
the Emulator Program, and in turn back
to the 1400 program, by executing the
following instructions:
L l,=V(INQEXIT)
BR 1
• Any I/O device may be used except the
card reader and the magnetic-tape units
used by the 1400 program. Disk-storage
drives may be referenced by the inquiry
program without' interfering with the
1400 program. The user is cautioned
against altering data on disk that is
being referenced by the 1400 program
because the result of the 1400 program
may not agree with expected control
totals.
52
CATALOGING
CATALOGING 1400 PROGRAMS INTO THE
CORE-IMAGE LIBRARY
One of the major benefits of System/360
operating systems is the ability to catalog
and fetch programs from the Core-Image
Library rather than having to load each
program from the card reader.
Emulation
under DOS provides this function for the
compatibility user. Through the use of the
Emulator Program, 1400 programs may be
converted into System/360 object modules.
These object modules are then cataloged in
the Core-Image Library in the normal DOS
manner. Thereafter, the Emulator Program
is able to fetch 1400 programs as they are
needed in the job stream.
The 1400 programs may be in any form of object deck
that is loadable from the card reader.
However, only 1400 programs for the Model
30 may consist of overlays.
Briefly, the method for converting a
1400 object deck into a system/360 object
module is as follows. The 1400 program (or
overlay section) is allowed to load itself
into System/360 main storage in the normal
manner under control of the Emulator Program.
Immediately following the 1400 END
or XFR card is a /* card.
This /* card
signals to the Emulator Program that the
1400 program or overlay has been loaded.
Because the Emulator Program is a card read
ahead of the 1400, the situation at that
point is that the END or XFR card has been
passed to 1400 storage, but control has not
yet been returned to the 1400 Compatibility
Feature.
Hence, the 1400 program has been
effectively cut off just at the point at
which it was to execute the program.
The Emulator Program can therefore save
the current 1400 address registers and,
providing the 1400 storage area can be
restored to the way it now looks and the
address registers returned, 1400 processing
may be restarted at any time in the future.
1400 storage may be saved easily if it is
punched out in the form of an object
module.
The Emulator Program translates
what it finds in the 1400 storage area into
ESD, TXT, END, and ENTRY cards.
There are two methods of representing
1400 storage as an object module. The
method chosen by the user is indicated to
the Emulator Program at execution time by
use of the // 1400 control card parameters
"a" and "b R •
(Refer to the section on
// 1400 Control Card for a
these parameters.)
description
of
Method 1
Scan for 1728 Blanks: This
method should be used for 1400 programs
which do not contain overlays. This method
punches an object module from 1400 storage
as a series of non-contiguous phases.
Any
area of 1728 or more consecutive blanks is
not cataloged in
the
DOS
Core-Image
Library.
Since
the
Emulator Program
initializes all of 1400 storage to blanks
prior to loading the 1400 program, this
should present no problems to the user.
This method offers:
• Conservation of space in the DOS CoreImage Library
• Fast retrieval due to the low number of
phases to be loaded
Method 2
Scan for 100 Blanks:
This
method should be used when 1400 overlay
programs are to be cataloged on the Model
30.
(1400 overlay programs on the Model 40
are restricted due to the non-contiguous
layout of simulated 1400 storage.)
This
method also punches an object module from
1400 storage as a series of non-contiguous
phases.
Any area of 100 or more consecutive blanks is not cataloged in the DOS
Core-Image Library. This approach yields a
greater number of phases than Method 1, and
the Emulator Program will abort cataloging
if the number of internal phases exceeds
27. However, this method offers the ability to catalog most 1400 overlay programs on
the Model 30.
For
both methods, scanning of 1400
storage is contiguous from the start of
1400 storage to the end.
As soon as a
character other than a blank with no wordmark is discovered, a phase is assumed to
begin, and the scan of main storage continues.
Eventually, another blank with no
wordmark is found.
At that point, the
address of the last nonblank is saved as
being the tentative phase end, and the scan
continues. If 100 (or 1728) consecutive
blanks are found, the phase is considered
to have ended at the last nonblank.
If
less than 100 (or 1728) consecutive blanks
are found, the tentative phase end address
is updated, and the phase is assumed to
include embedded blanks.
This causes no
problems for the Model 30 Emulator Program
since 1400 storage addresses run contiguously.
For the Model 40 Emulator Program,
however, all of the storage area is cleared
to 1400 blanks and, even though
1400
addresses
are noncontiguous, memory is
scanned sequentially on the assumption that
some blank areas can be eliminated.
In short, a 1400 storage load is punched
by the Emulator Program as one or more
internal phases. Each phase is considered
to be terminated by either 100 (or 1728)
consecutive blanks or the highest 1400
storage address.
The user should keep two important facts
in mind. First, that a 1400 storage load
may be either an entire program or merely
an overlay.
An Emulator-Program catalog
run is required for each overlay in a
program and is done using
Method
2.
Second, that a nonblank (such as a record
mark or blank with a wordmark) that is
preceded and followed by at least 100
blanks is cataloged as a separate phase.
This could lead to inefficient use of the
Core-Image Library and should be avoided
where possible.
The Emulator Program used to catalog a
1400 program need not be the same that
fetches it.
Nor is it necessary for 1400
storage to occupy the same absolute System/
360 addresses in the Model 30 Emulator
Program since Model 30 1400 storage is
relocatable.
Programs cataloged by the
Model 30 Emulator Program, however, cannot
be fetched and executed by the Model 40
Emulator Program, and vice versa.
OVERLAY PROGRAM CONSIDERATIONS
Normally, each 1400 program overlay section must be cataloged in a separate run of
the
Model
30 Emulator Program.
This
requires that the user know his 1400 object
decks well enough to determine where overlay transfer cards are located. The user
should have little difficulty, however,
since the overlays were planned in the
writing of the 1400 program.
In at least two instances, overlay programs occur when the user does not plan for
them. The 1400 input/output control system
(IOCS) on disk, when assembling disk IOCS
(DIOCS) entries for a program using magnetic tape, causes an overlay in order to
create a character in the program that is
not readable from a
card
(substitute
blank). Similarly, all 1400 COBOL programs
in which constants are defined in the
Working storage or Constants
sections,
include an overlay. In this instance, the
overlay is used to move the values of the
constants to the main storage positions
that they occupy during execution of the
program.
Neither of these cases reguire
separate cataloging, even though an overlay
is involved, nor does the overlay restriction apply for the Model 40. In effect,
the overlay may be ignored. The reason for
this is evident from a consideration of the
purpose of the overlay. The sole purpose
of the overlay is to arrange 1400 storage
prior to beginning execution of the program.
Therefore, if it is feasible or
Programming Considerations
53
possible to load main ~torage directly as
desired, no overlay 1S necessary. Hence,
COBOL programs in which the user has not
entered AUTOCODER in order to cause a
deliberate overlay may be considered to be
non-overlaying.
Similarly, tape or disk
AUTOCODER problems in which the user has
not specifically programmed an overlay may
also be considered non-overlaying.
The method described for
cataloging
overlay programs will work for all overlays
on the Model 30 except when:
of the Emulator Program. Therefore, clear
storage, bootstrap and loader (if AUTOCODER
on disk) cards must be supplied for overlay
sections. Overlay programs on the Model 40
should not be cataloged due to the noncontiguous
layout
of
simulated
1400
storage.
The // 1400 card must
minimum, a program name and
load device, as follows:
include, at a
a C for the
// 1400 myname,C
1.
An overlay segment attempts to selectively alter (through the use of ORG
statements) coding that existed in a
previous segment unless at least 100
bytes
of
blanks
exist
between
segments.
2.
The programming practice of initializing counters set up in a previous
overlay
through
the technique of
"loading" zeroes is employed.
3.
The index register area is overlaid by
subsequent phases.
(The Model 30 Emulator Program solves this problem during actual execution by saving and
restoring the 1400 index registers
before and after loading subsequent
segments of overlaying programs.) The
saving and restoring of 1400 index
registers by the Emulator
Program
causes
the
user problems if reinitialization of the 1400 index registers is actually desired.
Therefore, programs in the above categories
will
not execute correctly, and thus,
should not be cataloged.
In summary, programs cataloged with the
Model
30
Emulator
Program cannot be
executed with the Model 40 Emulator Program, and vice versa. In addition, since
1400 storage is cleared between catalog
runs, those multiphase 1400 programs that
require 14?0 data or instructions to be
resident 1n 1400 storage as a result of a
previous phase cause difficulty to the user
and are, therefore, restricted.
Also,
overlay
programs on the Model 40 are
restricted from cataloging due to the noncontiguous
nature
of
simulated
1400
storage,.
The remaining parameters may be included
if desired. The program name may be from 1
to 6 characters in length. It is used as
the first six characters of the phase name
under which the phases that go to make it
up are cataloged in the Core~Image Library.
If the program name is less than six
characters in length, it is padded with the
letter X.
This name must be unique for
each catalog run, even though separate runs
are required for overlay programs. Immediately following the last card of the object
deck (or an XFR card in the case of an
overlay) must be a /* card. The makeup of
a deck for a 1400 catalog run is illustrated
in
Figure 7.
SYSPCH must be
assigned to a punch unit for the 1400
catalog fUnction.
As illustrated in Figure 8, the output
of a catalog run consists of one or more
Linkage Editor job steps. If the program
or overlay is contiguous, there is only one
Linkage Editor job step. If there are at
least 100 (or 1728) consecutive blanks
embedded in the COding" there is more than
one step.
Each step consists of a PHASE
card, an INCLUDE card, an ESD card, one or
more TXT cards, an END card, an ENTRY card.,
a /* card, and a // EXEC LNKEDT card.
Following the cards making up the last step
are a /& card and // FETCH card.
The
// FETCH card is used by the Emulator
Program when the program is to be fetched
from the Core-Image. Library and executed
after the cataloging run is completed.
The.// FETCH card should be removed and
held aside.
The remaining cards may then
be preceded by standard DOS Job Control
cards and processed as normal input by the
DOS Linkage Editor. This results in the
1400 program being cataloged in the CoreImage Library.
PROCEDURES FOR CATALOGING 1400 PROGRAMS
If the 1400 program to be emulated on
the Model 30 has one or more deliberately
programmed overlays, the program must be
separated into its overlay sections. Each
section must be cataloged as a separate run
54
An error message may occur during a 1400
catalog run (see the "Console Messages"
section for the explanations and actions
required for these messages):
EC84I
TOO MANY PHASES TO CATALOG
/&
The 1400 catalog run produces punched output of
System/360 main storage (in DOS Object format)
and is used as input to a normal DOS catalog run.
Object Deck of
Overlay Section
Clear Storage,
Bootstrap, etc.
/ / 1400 prgnm2, C
EXECeuname
--~§lll
1400 Object Deck
of Overlaid Section
1400 Clear Strg.,
Bootstrap, (& Loader
if Disk Autocoder)
/ / 1400 prgnml, C
/ / EXEC euname
JOB jobname
Figure
7.
1400 catalog Run for a 1400 Program with One Overlay
FETCHING
FETCHING 1400 PROGRAMS FROM THE CORE-IMAGE
LIBRARY
The // FETCH card produced by
catalog run and used in the
provides the Emulator Program
the 1400
fetch run
with the
phase names that make up the phases in the
1400 program or overlay section.
It also
carries the 1400 I-, B-, and A-Storage
Address Registers for restarting the 1400
program, and the origin address of each
phase in the program or overlay. with this
information, the Emulator Program can do a
se~ies
of loads (using the LOAD macro
Programming Considerations
55
instruction) until all phases are in main
storage... The address registers can then be
loaded and a switch made to Compatibility
mode ..
other
parameters
may
be included as
required.
(Note: The name in the // 1400
card is used only to log the starting and
ending messages on the console or in a 1400
storage dump if one occurs. It is not used
in fetching the program.)
PROCEDURES FOR FETCHING 1400 PROGRAMS
A standard method of coding in an overlay program in which the section of code to
be overlayed reads a variable number of
data cards is to test for a comma in column
1 of each card. When the test is successful, all data cards have been read, and the
card in the read area is the first card of
the overlay. The first card of the overlay
If the 1400 program to be fetched consists of one or more overlays, two or more
// FETCH cards are required.
Otherwise,
only one // FETCH card is needed. The
sequence of cards for a fetch run is
illustrated in Figure 9. The // 1400 card
must include a D for the load device.
The
NOTE 1
Notes:
~_~,
/ / FETCH prgnm2
1. 1/ FETCH cards should be removed by the
user and saved in order to execute his 1400
job.
2. The blank separator card should be discarded.
3. The user must supply a 1/ JOB and a
/ / OPTION CATAL card in order to catalog.
TXT
NOTE 1
FETCH prgnml
ENTRY
TXT
ESD
1
INCLUDE
PHASE prgnmlOl
Figure
56
8.
Output of the 1400 Catalog Run in Figure 7
There will be more than one set of cards if the 1400
coding contains an embedded series of more than
100 consecutive blanks (optionally 1728 blanks).
The maximum number of phases per overlay section is 27. If the user is uncertain of the number
of phases punched, he should list or interpret the
output.
is always some form of bootstrap card.
This method may be simulated when 1400
programs are being fetched by including the
bootstrap card between the end of the data
cards
and the next // FETCH card, as
follows:
//
//
//
//
//
//
JOB jobname
EXEC euname
1400 prgnam.D ••••
CCTL (optional)
DVOL (optional)
FETCH •••••
(Fetch card for first
section)
data cards
last data card
bootstrap card
// FETCH •••••
(Fetch card for second
section)
It should be emphasized again that the
bootstrap card indicated in the example is
only required when an overlay recogn1zes
its "end-of-data" condition by having read
the first card of the next overlay.
A /* card should not
normally
be
included following a group of data cards
read by other then the last overlay section
of a program. This is because it has the
effect of setting the 1400 last-card latch
on. a situation that is impossible if an
overlay section of the object deck follows
the data cards.
If the 1400 reads cards while executing its first
overlay section, it must be able to recognize an
"end-of-data" condition. (See example in text for
one method of accomplishing this.)
Data Cards
(if required)
Data Cards
(if required)
/ / FETCH prgnml
/ / 1400
anynam,D
EXECeuname
/ / JOB name
Figure
9.
Executing a 1400 Program From the core-Image Library
Programming Considerations
57
OPERA~OR
SERVICE FUNCTIONS
AVAILABLE FUNCTIONS
Many of the Operator Service Functions
are optional features of the 1401/1440/1460
Emulator Programs under the Disk Operating
System (DOS) and are included in
the
generated program if specified in the symbolic parameters. During the execution of
a 1400 program under the Model 30 Emulator,
dial F on the operator's panel of the 2030
central Processing Unit (CPU) should be
positioned to CI.
This allows external
interrupts (INTERRUPT key) to be handled
while the system is in Compatibility mode
(COMP MODE light on). For the Model 40, no
special dial F considerations are necessary.
The Operator Service routine if
entered by pressing the external INTERRUPT
key only if OC=YES is specified in the FOPT
macro at DOS Supervisor generation. In
addition, the Operator Service routine is
entered through recognition of a 1400 halt
when HALTS=YES has been specified, and the
halt is not specified as either an EOJAADR,
EOJBADR,
or the EOJ I-address in the
// 1400 card. When operator services following a halt message are not specified,
the 1400 program is canceled on recognition
of any halt other than a specified end-ofjob halt.
Additionally, when the 1400
program is being executed in "Test mode"
(descr.ibed in the "Control Cards· section
under "The // 1400 Control Card") and the
Emulator Program recognizes any error condition, the Operator Service Function routine is entered automatically. Alphabetic
characters may be entered in either upper
or lower case except characters g, p, x and
w. These characters, when entered in lower
case, represent a question mark (1), exclamation mark (!), the 1407/1447 recQrd mark
(+~, and
a word separator (~), respectively.
When the operator Service Functions have
been entered, the following message is
displayed:
EC40D TYPE IN FUNCTION
The operator then types in the function
he
wants.
Five functions are always
included with the Operator Service routine
macro (EU30S/EU40S); these are: CANCEL,
END, RESET, START, and STATUS. An end-ofblock (EOB) entry (alternate coding key and
numeric 5 key) will perform the same function as the response START.
RESET is
available only when the Operator Service
routine is entered as a result of a 1400
halt.
CANCEL and END are valid responses
58
to any Emulator Program message
a reply.
requesting
The following Operator Service Functions
are available with the typed responses
below:
ADDRES~
This is included only if OSADDR=YES is
specified. The ADDRESS function converts a
decimal 1400 address into its corresponding
System/360 hexadecimal address (including
offset), and can be used to determine where
to alter main storage via the console or
where to set the dials when the SAR STOP
switch is used to address-stop 1400 programs.
The operator types in ADDRESS followed by at least one blank and a valid
1400 address in the range 1 to 15999. The
Operator Service Function responds with the
converted hexadecimal address.
For example:
(System)
EC40D TYPE IN FUNCTION
(Operator)
ADDRESS 1579
(System)
EC41I HEX ADDRESS = 47AA
ALTER
This function is included if the parameter
OSALTER=YES is specified. The ALTER fUnction causes the 1400 1-, A-, and B-Storage
Address Registers to be altered to the
address that follows the word ALTER. This
may be used to alter the
instruction
address of a 1400 program, to effect a
branch, or to place. a valid address in a
register destroyed by a 1400 process error.
At
least
one blank must precede the
address. For example:
(System)
EC40D TYPE IN FUNCTION
(Operator)
ALTER 632
(system)
EC80I 1400 STATUS: 1=00632:
A=00632:B=00632.
INSTN BLOCK=xxxxxxxx
(System)
EC40D TYPE IN FUNCTION
Since all storage address registers are
set to the same value, the alter address
should not be the address of a 1400 Store
B-Register
(SBR) instruction or to an
address where 1400 chaining is being used.
(System)
CANCEL
This response to any Emulator Program message causes the 1400 program to be terminated with an end of job. If OSDUMP=YES
was specified at Emulator Program generation, a 1400-style storage dump is provided
on SYSLST unless a no-dump option (a "1")
is specified in' parameter "b" of
the
// 1400 control card.
When a 1400-style
storage dump is provided, a System/360 main
storage dump also is provided if the testmode option in the // 1400 control card is
specified as "Sa.
DELETE
The operator wishes to discontinue volume
serial number checking on a specific 1400
drive identified as DISKn in messages EC75I
and EC76I, and allow the 1400 program to
process any 1311 disk pack mounted on that
1400 drive. In order to use the DELETE
function, the operator must first reply
DSPLYV to message EC75I. For example:
(System)
EC75I WRONG PACK, MOUNT
DISK 0 ON DR 192
(Operator)
DSPLYV
(System)
EC76I DISK
NO.=111222
(System)
EC40D TYPE IN FUNCTION
(Operator)
DELETE
o
Volume serial number checking will
be
discontinued on 1400 drive DISK 0 until
reinitiated using the DVOL DISKn=xxxxxx
operator
serv~ce
function.
The DELETE
function should· be used with caution when
performing write operations.
DISK
This function is included if the parameter
OSDISK=YES is specified.
Two
separate
functions of DISK may be requested depending on the operator responses:
(System)
EC40D TYPE IN FUNCTION
(Operator)
DISK
or
DISK n (where n=0,2,4,6, or 8)
n
n
n
n
n
The response DISK n, where n is the
drive number, displays one specific disk
assignment (DISK n) and allows the operator
to retain or change the assignment.
When
the assignment is changed" disk verification is automatically performed.
It then
displays the new assignment, if it was
changed. For example:
(System)
EC40D TYPE IN FUNCTION
(Operator)
DISK 0
(System)
EC44D DISK 0 ON SYS003~
PART 0 DR 191
134A21
ON DR 192 SERIAL
EC44I DISK o ON SYSxxx, PART
DR 190
EC44I DISK 2 ON SYSxxx, PART
DR 191
EC44I DISK 4 ON SYSxxx, PART
DR 191
EC44I DISK 6 ON SYSxxx, PART
DR 192
EC44I DISK 8 ON SYSxxx, PART
DR 192
The operator may then change the assignment or leave it as it is. If he wishes to
change the assignment, he types in the
programmer logical unit ("SYSnnn") to which
he wants the 1400 disk drive assigned,
followed by a 0 or 1 (2311) or 0, 1, 2, or
3 (2314) to indicate which half (2311) or
quadrant (2314) of the new device is to be
used for the file. For example:
(Operator)
SYS021,1
(System)
EC44I DISK 0 ON SYS021, PART 1
This operator response causes 1400 disk
drive 0 to be assigned to the second half
or quadrant of SYS021.
However, if the
operator was satisfied with the current
assignment, he could respond with START (or
EOB).
This causes the drive assignment to
remain as listed. The assignment is again
displayed if the disk drive assignment was
changed, and the system reissues message
EC40D.
The response DISK causes a display only
of message DISK n ON SYSxxx, PART n for
each drive on the system, and then message
EC40D is reissued. For example:
If verification of the volume serial
number for a disk pack accessed by the
Emulator Program is specified through utilization of a // DVOL control card (see
"The // DVOL Control Card" in the ·Control
Cards· section) or initiated through operator entry of DVOL DISKn=xxxxxx, the disk
verification (see message EC75I in the
"Console Messages" section) is included in
the DISK function. For example:
(System)
EC40D TYPE IN FUNCTION
(System)
EC40D TYPE IN FUNCTION
(Operator)
DISK
(Operator)
DISK 0
Operator Service Functions
59
(System)
EC44D DISK 0 ON SYS003, PART 0
DR 191
(Operator)
SYS022,1
(System)
EC44I DISK 0 ON SYS022, PART
DR 191
(System)
EC15I WRONG PACK, MOUNT ABCDEF
DISK 0 ON DR 191
(Operator)
DVOL DISKO=123456
taken from the // 1400 control card, is
printed along with the date on the top of
the dump.
The entire 1400 storage is
printed in bands of 100 except when the
band consists of all blanks without wordmarks.
Additionally, a System/360 main
storage dump is provided if the test-mode
option in the // 1400 control card is
specified as wSw. For example:
1
This function is included only if the
parameter OSDSPLY=YES or "OS DSPLY=nn" is
specified when' the Emulator program is
generated. The display function prints 100
or "nn" positions of 1400 storage on the
console typewriter. The address is entered
by the operator at least one space beyond
the word DISPLAY. The 1400 zoned zeros are
typed as follows:
(Operator)
DISPLAY 2347
(Operator)
DUMP
DVOL DISKn
":f" is typed as "x", "1" is typed as "g",
and "I"
is typed as apR.
(See Table 11
for additional graphic differences.)
For
example:
EC40D TYPE IN FUNCTION
EC40D TYPE IN FUNCTION
A wordmark is shown as a 1 below the
character with which it is associated. A
groupmark in 1400 storage appears as a
blank character in the upper portion of the
band, with a 2 below.
A wordmark with
groupmark appears as a blank character in
the upper portion of the band, with a 3
below.
DISPLAY
(System)
(System)
The operator wishes to initiate verification of the volume serial number of the
disk pack mounted on 1400 disk drive "n"
(0, 2, 4, 6, or 8) with the volume serial
number specified by the // DVOL control
card (see "The // DVOL Control Card" in the
"Control Cards" section) or as modified by
operator entry.
(System)
DVOL DISKn=xxxxxx
DSPLYV
The operator wishes to display the volume
serial number of the disk pack referenced
in message EC75I (see "operator Messages"
in the "Console Messages" section).
This
response is valid only if preceded by
message EC75I. For example:
(System)
EC75I WRONG PACK, MOUNT
DISK 0 ON DR 191
(System)
EC40D TYPE IN FUNCTION
(Operator)
DSPLYV
(System)
EC76I DISK
NO.=111222
134A21
I
The operator wishes to initiate verification of the volume serial number of the
disk pack just mounted, where "n" is the
1400 disk drive (0, 2, 4, 6, or 8) on which
the pack is mounted and "xxxxxx" is the
volume serial number (six alphameric characters).
"xxxxxx" supersedes the volume
serial number specified in the // DVOL
control card (see "The // DVOL Control
Card" in the "Control Cards" section) or in
the previous operator entry for that disk
drive.
.
END
0 ON DR 191 SERIAL
This response to any Emulator Program message causes the 1400 program to be terminated with an end of job. No storage
dump occurs.
DUMP
ENTER
This function is included only if the
parameter OSDUMP=YES is specified when the
Emulator. Program is generated.
The dump
function
provides
a formatted storage
printout of the 1400 program on the printer
assigned to SYSLST. The 1400 program name,
60
This function is included only if the
parameter OSENTER=YES is included when the
Emulator Program is generated.
The ENTER
function allows the operator to change the
contents of 1400 storage beginning at the
1400 address specified in the response.
Entered data or instructions replace any
groupmarks/wordrnarks which may be present
in affected 1400 storage. The first position typed is entered by the operator at
least one space beyond the word ENTER. For
example:
(System)
EC40D TYPE IN FUNCTION
(Operator)
ENTER 653
(System)
EC42D DATA
name of the System/360
executed. For example:
phase
System
Action:
User Response:
The job is canceled.
Not required.
EC71D DISK ERROR DETECTED. SECTOR ADDRESS
= dxxxxx. VALID DATA FOLLOWS:
E~planation:
This message indicates
that an error has been detected during
disk verification (optionally
specified>.
The beginning
sector
address is indicated. This is followed by one or more lines of 100
characters that represent the data
that should have been recorded on
disk.
This data may be used in a
subsequent operation to rebuild the
record affected. The 1400 program is
~ informed of the disk error.
System Action:
None.
U§er Response: The operator may type
the response START to indicate that
the record in error is to be accepted
as is and that processing is to
continue. The operator may also type
the response END or CANCEL to cause
the job to be terminated.
EC721 SYSIPT EXTENT EXHAUSTED
EJplanation:
The
extent
limit
assigned to SYSIPT (di'sk extent) has
been exhausted.
System Action:
The job is
User Response:
Not required.
The job is
canceled.
User Response:
Not required.
EC751 WRONG PACK, MOUNT xxxxxx DISK n ON DR
cuu
Explanation:
This message is displayed if the Emulator Program is
accessing the wrong disk pack, where
"xxxxxx" is the volume serial number
(EBCDIC characters) of the correct
disk pack, "n" is the 1400 disk drive
number (0; 2, 4, 6, or 8), and ·cuu"
is the hexadecimal channel and device
address of the disk drive on which
the disk pack is mounted. The volume
serial number displayed is initially
established by a // DVOL control card
or by the operator using the DVOL
DISKn=xxxxxx operator service function.
System
issued.
Action:
Message
EC40D
is
User Response:
This message indicates that the operator must either
take corrective action or terminate
the 1400 program. The operator can
use the DSPLYV operator service function to display the volume serial
number of the pack currently mounted
on this device to assist in the
evaluation of the corrective action.
However"
before further processing
can be continued, the operator must
perform one of the following corrective actions:
• Mount the correct disk pack on
the specified drive and reply
with the NEWPAC function.
• Change the disk drive configuration using the DISK n function.
canceled.
EC731 SYSLST EXTENT EXHAUSTED
E!planation:
The
extent
limit
assigned to SYSLST (disk extent) has
been exhausted.
72
System Action:
• Change the volume serial number
against which the pack is to be
verified, with the DVOL DISKn=
xxxxxx function, where ·xxxxxx·
is the volume serial number of
the proper pack.
• Discontinue volume serial number
checking for this 1400
drive
using the DELETE fUnction. This
function must be used with caution
when
performing
write
operations.
User Response:
The operator must
perform one of the following corrective actions:
• Mount the correct disk pack on
the specified drive and reply
with the NEWPAC function.
EC76I DISK n ON cuu SERIAL NO.=xxxxxx
E¥planation: This message is displayed in response to the operator's
selection of the DSPLYV operator service function following the display
of message EC75I.
wnw is the 1400
disk drive number (0, 2, 4, 6, or a),
"cuu" is the hexadecimal channel and
device address of disk drive wnw, and
"xxxxxx" is the volume serial number
(EBCDIC characters) of the disk pack.
System Action:
issued.
Message
EC40D
is
User Response:
The operator must
respond with one of the valid corrective actions described under message
EC75I.
• Abnormally
terminate
the job
using the END or CANCEL operator
service functions.
The job can
be resubmitted after correcting
the volume serial number entries
for the simulated 1301 or 1405
disk pack on the // DVOL control
c,ard.
Note: The job may be immediately
resubmitted if a non-process runout
of the card reader transport is performed before performing the END or
CANCEL fUnction.
After correcting
the // DVOL control card, resubmit
the job to the card reader beginning
with the DOS // JOB control card.
The following group of messages, prefixed by the message code EC8nx, pertains
to program messages:
EC77D SCAN ERROR DETECTED
Explanation:
A 1400 disk scan was
not successfully completed.
An end
of cylinder condition has not yet
been detected.
System Action:
None.
USer Response: If the user wishes to
retry the scan operation, he types in
the word START. If the user does not
wish to retry the operation, he may
END or CANCEL the job.
EC7aD WRONG PACK. MOUNT xxxxxx DISK n ON DR
cuu
EC78I 1301/1405 DRIVE xxx SERIAL NO.=xxxxxx
Explanation: These messages are displayed if the Emulator Program is
accessing the wrong 1301 or 1405 disk
pack, where message EC78I displays
the volume serial number of the physical pack which is being accessed.
Message 'EC78D always follows
and
identifies the volume serial number
(MOUNT xxxxxx) which was requested on
the // DVOL control card for this
drive.
DISK n indicates which part
of the 1301 or 1405 drive is being
simulated, while DR cuu indicates the
hexadecimal
channel
and
device
address of the System/360
device
being accessed.
System Action:
None
EcaOI 1400 STATUS: I=nnnnniA=nnnnniB=nnnnn.
INSTN BLOCK=xxxxxxxx
Explanation:
A 1400 halt or error
has been encountered or the operator
has requested the STATUS operator
service function. This is a display
of the 1400 storage address registers
and
eight
characters
from 1400
storage without wordmarks, beginning
with the instruction that caused the
halt or error condition.
The eight
characters normally include more than
just the instruction that caused the
halt or error, and certain 1400 special characters (such as the record
mark) are not printed. When message
EC80I is displayed after a 1400 program error, the AAR and BAR values
may be invalid because of storage
wraparound.
System Action:
Variable, depending
on program status as indicated in
associated message.
User Response:
Not required.
EC81I HALT
Explanation: A 1400 halt other than
end of job (as specified in "EOJAADR=
nnnnn" and/or "EOJBADR=nnnnn" at Emulator Program generation or as specified for an EOJ I-address in the
.// 1400 control card) has occurred
Messages EC70 -- EC81
73
and the user has not specified operator restart (a "1") in parameter "en
in the // 1400 control card.
This
message is preceded by the typing out
of message EC80I (status of 1400
registers and current instruction).
A 1400-style storage dump is provided
on SYSLST unless a no-dump option (a
"1") was specified in parameter "b"
in the // 1400 control card. If the
user has specified an "S" for the
test-mode option in the // 1400 control card, a System/360 main storage
dump is also provided.
System Action: Storage dump is provided and job is terminated unless
operating in test mode.
In test
mode, message EC40D is issued.
User Response:
EC84I TOO MANY PHASES TO CATALOG
Explanation:
The 1400 program or
overlay section being cataloged consists
of
more than 27 internal
phases.
System Action: The job is terminated.
User Response:
Not required.
EC90I INVALID OPERATION ON READER
Explanation: (1) a 1400 read instruction has been incorrectly specified;
or (2) a 1400 read instruction which
is not supported by the Emulator
Program (e.g., column binary) has
been specified.
Not required.
System Action: The job is terminated.
User Response:
Not required.
EC82I HALT
Explanation: A 1400 halt other than
end of job (see message EC81I) has
occurred, and the user has specified
operator restart (a "1") in parameter
We" of the // 1400 control card.
This message is preceded by the typing out of message EC80I.
System
Action:
displayed.
Message
EC40D
is
U2er Response: One of the operator
responses
listed under "Available
FUnctions" in the "Operator Service
FUnctions" section must be given.
EC91I INVALID OPERATION ON PUNCH
Explanation:
(1) a punch instruction
for an unsupported operation has been
specified in the 1400 program (e.g.,
punch-feed-read, Column-binary); or
(2) a Punch-Feed-Read or
ColumnBinary instruction has been specified
in the 1400 program when a magnetic
device is being used to simulate the
unit-record device.
System Action: The job is terminated.
User Response:
Not required.
EC83I 1400 PROGRAM ERROR
EC92I INVALID OPERATION ON PRINTER
Explanation:
A 1400 program error
has been detected. This message 1S
always followed by the typing out of
message EC80I (status of 1400 registers and current instruction). The
Model 40 Emulator Program additionally issues a "NO.xxx" following the
message indicating the branch table
entry number. A 1400-style storage
dump is provided on SYSLST if OSDUMP=
YES was specified at Emulator Program
generation,
and unless a no-dump
option (a "1") was specified in parameter ab A in the // 1400 control
card. If the user has specified an
·S" for the test-mode option in the
// 1400 control card, a System/360
main storage dump is also provided.
74
Explanation:
A 1404 print instruction has been specified but is not
supported by this particular Emulator
Program generation.
System Action: The job is terminated.
User Response:
Not required.
EC93I CONTROL CARD NOT SUPPORTED // yyyy
Explanation:
The Emulator Program
has encountered a control card that
is not supported.
The first four
characters of the unsupported control
card are identified by "yyyy".
System Action: The job is terminated.
System Action: The job is terminated.
User Response:
User Response:
Not required.
Not required.
EC94I NO // LC DATA DELIMITER CARD
TAPE ERROR RECOVERY
system Action:
Last card indicator
(Sense Switch A) is turned on, and
message EC40D is issued.
A Tape Error Recovery routine is provided as an option and is used in conjunction with an IGNORE response to a standard
DOS data-check message.
This routine is
available only if "TAPERRS=xxx" is specified when the Emulator Program is generated
("xxx" may be LST, LOG" LSTCHAR, or LOGCHAR
in order to define where and in what format
the display is to take place).
User Response:
The operator must
the
either enter the address of
user's end-of-job routine using the
ALTER operator service function, or
terminate the job.
The Tape Error Recovery routine provides
a simulation of the diagnostic read and
storage scan oper~tions used on 1400 systems. These operations are Simulated using
the System/360 I/O area, so changes are not
made by the operator to 1400 storage.
E~planation:
A // LC data delimiter
card is required before the last data
card.
EC95I STACKER 8/2 IGNORED
Explanation:
A 1402 stacker command
has been specified for stacker 8/2 on
either a magnetic device when punching, or a unit-record device other
than a 2540. This message is displayed only for the first 8/2 stacker
command issued.
System Action: 8/2 cards are stacked
to normal stacker.
U;?er Response:
Not required.
EC96I CARRIAGE CONTROL CARD ERROR
E~planation:
The 1400 program specified a carriage-control channel punch
which is not included in the carriage
control card.
When a data-check condition is detected
(after the DOS supervisor has tried to
reread the tape block), a standard DOS
error message is displayed by the operating
system on the console.
The only valid
responses to this DOS message are CANCEL or
IGNORE.
The IGNORE response returns control to the Emulator Program, since it is
the System/360 problem program that issued
the I/O request.
When the operator enters IGNORE, the
tape block is displayed on SYSLST or SYSLOG
by the Emulator Program. The first four
characters of each line
indicate
the
System/360 storage address of the first
byte displayed (in hexadecimal).
This
address is followed by ten 8-byte fields of
data.
Nonprintable characters are translated to an asterisk (*), except the 1400
groupmark, which is translated as a dollar
sign($) •
After printing the entire error block,
the following messages are typed on SYSLOG:
System Action: The job is terminated.
either
User Response:
Not required.
EC60I MESSAGE RESPONSES ARE B=BYPASS,
P=PROCESS
EC97I 1400 CONSOLE PRINTER NOT SUPPORTED
or
Explanation:
This message is issued
if the OSINQRY parameter is not specified as "1400" or "YES", and a 1400
Read Console Printer instruction has
been encountered.
system Action:
Message EC80I
is
issued, followed by message EC40D.
User Response:
The parame~er HB=
nnnnn" in message EC80I
1S
the
address of the first storage position
of the 1400 message area. The operator can use the DISPLAY operator
service function to display the message.
To continue processing, enter
START or EOB.
EC61I MESSAGE RESPONSES ARE B=BYPASS,
P=PROCESS, H=HEX-DISPLAY
followed by
EC62D TAPE BLOCK IN ERROR
The output of message EC60I or EC61I is
determined by the options specified at
Emulator system generation.
A response of B causes the tape block in
error to be bypassed and not given to the
1400. Processing continues with the next
block.
The 1400 is not informed that a
block has been bypassed.--Messages EC82 -- EC97
75
A response of P causes the tape block to
be passed to the 1400 as is. Control then
is returned to the 1400 program.
A response of H causes the error block
to be displayed in hexadecimal format exactly as it was read into System/360 main
storage. Parity is, of course, corrected
by the channel.
After the hexadecimal
display, the operator again has the option
of responding with a B or P.
76
APPENDIX A:
Table 13.
EMULATOR-PROGRAM PARAMETERS
Emulator-Program Parameters
r----------------------T----------------------T-----------------------------------------,
I
Parameter
I
Required By
I Remarks
I
~----------------------+----------------------+-----------------------------------------~
BLKSIzu={nnnn}
I
I indicates standard block size (plus I
0000
I
lone byte) for 1400 tape units. "un is I
I
I
I
1400 unit number (1-6). "nnnn" is one I
I
I
I
larger than the normal block length I
I
I
I
associated with the unit. Default is I
I
I
I
0000.
I
~----------------------+----------------------+-----------------------------------------~
I
BUFSIZE={nnnnn}
I
1400 magnetic tape I Indicates total storage area to be re- I
I
00000
I
I served by the Emulator Program for I
I
I
I tape buffers. Default is 0000.
I
~----------------------+----------------------+-----------------------------------------~
I
CARRCTL={YES}
I
Carriage-control
I
Indicates carriage-control tape point- I
I
NO
I
pointer option
I
er option. Default is NO.
I
~----------------------+----------------------+-----------------------------------------i
I
CATALOG={YES}
I
I Indicates 1400 programs to be cata- I
I
NO
I
I loged in the
Core-Image
Library. I
I
I
I Default is cataloging not available.
I
~----------------------+----------------------+-----------------------------------------~
I
COLBINP={YES}
I
1400 Column-Binary I Indicates that 1400 Column-Binary/ I
I
NO
I
or Card-Image Punch I Card-Image Punch instructions are to I
I
I
instructions
I be emulated. Default is NO.
I
~----------------------+----------------------+-----------------------------------------i
I
COLBINR={YES}
I
1400 Column-Binary I Indicates the 1400 Column-Binary/Card- I
I
NO
I
or Card-Image Read I Image Read instructions are to be emu- I
instructions
I
lated. Default is NO.
I
I
I
~----------------------+----------------------+-----------------------------------------~
I
COL51={YES}
I
51-column cards
I Indicates
51-Column Interchangeable I
I
NO
I
I Read Feed feature support. Default is I
I
I
I NO.
I
~------~---------------+----------------------+-----------------------------------------~
I
DVOL={YES}
I
1400 DASD
I Indicates verification of volume se- I
NO
I
I rial number of disk pack accessed by I
I
I
I
I the Emulator Program. Default is NO. I
~----------------------+----------------------f-----------------------------------------~
I
DISKDR=jn
I
1400 DASD
I "n" is number of 1311 drives to be I
I
130n
I
I
simulated. "130n" indicates one module I
I
1405
I
I of 1301 storage in addition to an" I
I
Q
I
I
1311 drives to be simulated. 1405 I
I
I
I indicates Model 1 or 2
(mutually I
I
I
I exclusive of 1301 and 1311). Default I
I
I
I is "n"=O (no disk).
I
~----------------------+----------------------f-----------------------------------------i
I
DISKTYP={2314}
I
1400 DASD
I Indicates type of System/360
disk I
I
2311
I
I unit. Default is 2311.
I
~-----p---------------+----------------------+-----------------------------------------~
I
DISKu=SYSnnn
I
1400 DASD
I
"un is 1-5 for 1311 and 1-4 for 1405. I
"nnn" is the programmer logical unit I
I
I
I
I
I
I for device "un.
Default is SYS001- I
I
I
I SYS005 for the respective values of I
I
I
I "un from 1-5.
I
~----------------------+----------------------+-----------------------------------------~
I
D1301u=SYSnnn
I
1400 DASD
I
"un is 1-5 for 1301 on a 2311 and 1-3 I
I
I
I
for 1301 on a 2314.
"nnn" is the I
programmer logical unit for device I
I
I
I
I
I
I "un.
Default is SYS001-SYS005 for I
JI
IL______________________ I ______________________ I _________________________________________
2311 and SYS001-SYS003 for 2314.
I
I
j
~
~
Appendix A:
Emulator-Program Parameters
77
Table 13.
Emulator-Program Parameters (continued)
r----------------------T----------------------T-----------------------------------------,
I
Parameter
I
Required By
I Remarks
I
~----------------------+----------------------+--------------------------------.---------~
I
I
EDITINV={YES}
NO
I
I
I
I
Indicates support of
Edit. Default is NO.
Inverted Print I
I
~----------------------+----------------------+-----------------------------------------~
I
I
I
I
EOJAADR=nnnnn
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Indicates A-address (5 digits)
of I
standard
1400
end-of-job halt. No I
default,
not
generated
if
not I
specified.
I
~---------------------_+----------------------+-----------------------------------------1
I
EOJBADR=nnnnn
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Indicates
B-address (5 digits) of I
standard 1400
end-of-job
halt. No I
default,
not
generated
if
not I
specified.
I
~----------------------+----------------------+-----------------------------------------~
I
I
I
I
I
I
ERROPNG={YES}
NO
I
I
I
Indicates 1400 storage dump when 1400 I
op code Q is detected. Default G is I
treated as invalid op code.
I
~----------------------+----------------------+-----------------------------------------~
I
I
I
FETCH={YES}
NO
I
I
I
I
I
I
Allows 1400 programs to be called from I
Core-Image Library.
Default is no I
fetch routine is ~enerated.
I
r----------------------+----------------------+-----------------------------------------~
I
I
I
HALTS={YES}
NO
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Changes sense switches on 1400 halts I
or operator service.
Default
is I
change of switches not performed.
I
~------.----------------+----------------------+-----------------------------------------~
I
I
I
IOCDATE=1 82
195
BOTH
NO
I
MPGMBLK={nn}
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Moves required date to 1400 storage I
from DOS communication region. Default I
is movement of date not performed.
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
~----------------------+----------------------+-----------------------------------------~
I
I
I
I
I
I
Q
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Indicates number of 2K (2048) blocks
of storage reserved for foreground
programs. wnnw must be less than or
equal to 20 for the Model 30 Emulator
Program and variable by storage size
for the Model 40 Emulator Program.
Default is o.
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
~----------------------+----------------------+-----------------------------------------~
I
I
I
converts 1400 addresses to hexadec- I
imal.
Default is
conversion
not I
performed.
I
~----------------------+----------------------+-----------------------------------------~
I
OSALTER={YES}
I
I Changes 1400 address registers. De- I
I
NO
I
I
fault
is
register
change
not I
I
I
I performed.
I
r----------------------+----------------------+-----------------------------------------~
I
OSDISK={YES}
I
I Changes 1400 disk-drive assignments. I
NO
I
I Default is assignment changes
not I
I
I
I
I performed.
I
r----------------------+----------------------+-----------------------------------------~
I
OSDSPLY={YES}
I
I Displays 1400 storage. wnnw is number I
nn
I
I of bytes per display. Default is dis- I
I
I
NO
I
I
play not performed.
I
r----------------------+----------------------+-----------------------------------------~
I
OSDUMP={YES}
I
I Dumps 1400 storage onto SYSLST. De- I
NO
I ______________________ I_________________________________________
fault is dump not performed.
IL ______________________
JI
78
OSADDR={YES}
NO
I
I
I
I
I
I
~
~
Table 13.
Emulator-Program Parameters (continued)
r----------------------T----------------------T-----------------------------------------,
I
Parameter
I
Required By
I Remarks
I
~------~---------------+----------------------+-----------------------------------------~
I
OSENTER={YES}
I
I Alters 1400 storage from console. De- I
INO
I
I fault is alteration of storage not I
I
I
I performed.
I
~----------------------+----------------------+-----------------------------------------~
I
OSINQRY={1400}
I
1407/1447 Console I Performs 1400 Read and Write Console I
I
YES
I
Inquiry Station
I Printer instructions, and simulates I
I
NO
I
I the Q latch when "1400" is specified. I
I
I
I Performs the preceding and executes I
I
I
I System/360 inquiry programs when "YES" I
I
I
I is specified. Default is none of the I
I
I
I
I above functions performed.
~-----~T---------------+----------------------+-----------------------------------------~
I
I
I
Changes 1400 tape-drive assignments. I
Default is tape assignment changes not I
performed.
I
~---------------------+----------------------+-----------------------------------------~
I
PCH1400={1444}
I
Other than 1402
I Indicates type of 1400 card punch. I
I
1442
I
I
Default is 1402.
I
I
1402
I
I
I
OSTAPE={YES}
NO
I
I
I
I
I
I
~----------------------+----------------------+-----------------------------------------~
I
I
I
PCH360={1442}
2520
2540
I
I
I
Other than 2540
I
I
I
Indicates type
punch. Default
of
is
System/360
2540.
card
I
I
I
~---------------------+----------------------+-----------------------------------------1
I
I
I
PFR={YES}
I
I Indicates if the punch-feed-read fea- I
COM
I
I ture is to be implemented. Default is I
NO
I
I NO.
I
~----------------------+----------------------+-----------------------------------------~
I
PTRASGN=SYSnnn
I
1404
I 1404 cut-card operations and indicates I
I
I
I reassignment of printer from SYSLST. I
I
I
I
I Default is SYSLST.
~---------------------+----------------------+-----------------------------------------~
I
I
Indicates length of 1400 print line. I
"nnn" is 100, 120, or 132 for the I
I
1403, 120 or 144 for the 1443, or 132 I
for the 1404. Default is 132.
I
I
~----------------------+----------------------+-----------------------------------------~
I
PTR1400={1443}
I
Other than 1403
I Indicates type of 1400 printer. De- I
I
14n4
I
I fault is 1403.
I
I
1403
I
I
I
PTRLNG={nnn}
132
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
~---------------------+----------------------+-----------------------------------------~
I
I
I
PTR360={1443}
1404
1403
I
I
I
I
I
PUNCHSS={YES}
NO
I
I
Other than 1403
I
I
I
Indicates type of System/360
Default is 1403.
printer. I
I
I
Indicates 1402 punch stacker selection I
support. Default is NO.
I
I
I
~----------------------+-----------------.-----+-----------------------------------------~
~----------------------+----------------------+-----------------------------------------~
I
I
I
READRSS={YES}
NO
I
I
I
I
I
I
Indicates reader stacker selection or I
1442 reader-punch-stacker selection. I
Default is NO.
I
~----------------------+-----------------·-----t-----------------------------------------~
I
I
RDR1400={1442}
1402
I
1442
I
I
I
Indicates type of
Default is 1402.
1400
card reader. I
I
~----------------------+----------------------+-----------------------------------------~
I
I
I
I
RDR360=1 1442 1
2501
2520
2540
I
Other than 2540
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Indicates type of
System/360
reader. Default is 2540.
card I
I
I
I
~----------------------+----------------------+-----------------------------------------~
I
SCAN={YES}
I
1400 Scan Disk
I Indicates 1311 Scan Disk instructions I
I
NO
I
I in 1400 program. Default is Scan Disk I
L
JI
I ______________________ I ______________________ I _________________________________________
not performed.
~
~
Appendix A:
Emulator-Program Parameters
79
Table 13.
Emulator-Program Parameters (continued)
r----------------------T----------------------T-----------------------------------------,
I
Parameter
I
Required By
I
Remarks
I
r----------------------+----------------------t-----------------------------------------~
I
SCAN360={YES}
I
1400 Scan Disk
I
If File Scan feature is installed, I
I
NO
I
I used in conjunction with SCAN=YES to I
feature. I
I
I
I implement 1400 Scan Disk
I
I
I Default is a software simulation of I
I
I
I
I Scan Disk fUnction.
r----------------------t----------------------t-----------------------------------------~
I
SECTORs={nnn}
I
Less than 20
I Indicates number of sectors the Emula- I
I
020
I
I tor Program may read per revolution, I
I
I
I where "nnn" is 001-020 for the Model I
I
I
I 30 Emulator Program and 001-100 for I
I
I
I
the
Model
40
Emulator
Program. I
I
I
I Default is 020.
I
~----------------------t----------------------+-----------------------------------------~
I
SEND={Q}
I
I
Indicates to the assembler the decimal I
nnnnn
I
I
value of the DOS "SEND" parameter. I
I
I
I
I Used
to generate assembly listing I
I
I
I addresses identical to those at object I
I
I
I
program execution time.
I
t----------------------t----------------------+-----------------------------------------~
I
SIZ1400={nn}
I
Other than 16K
I Indicates 1400
main storage size, I
I
16
I
I
where "nnW is any even number between I
I
I
I 2 and 16. Default is 16.
I
~----------------------t----------------------+-----------------------------------------~
I
SIZ360={nnn}
I
Other than 64K
I Indicates
System/360 main
storage I
I
64
I
I size, where "nnW is 24, 32, or 64 for I
I
I
I the Model 30 Emulator Program and 32, I
I
I
I 64, 128, Or 256 for the Model 40 I
I
I
I
I Emulator Program. Default is 64.
~----------------------+-------------~--------t-----------------------------------------i
I
SSQUANT={ONE}
I
I Applies only when reader stacker se- I
MANY
I
I lection is desired.
The default is I
I
I
I
I
I
MANY.
I
~----------------------t----------------------+-----------------------------------------~
I
SYSIO={iPl}
I
Other than 000
I
Indicates assignment of 1400 unit-rec- I
I
000
I
lord devices to tape or disk, where I
I
I
I "i", is SYSIPT, "p" is SYSPCH, and "1" I
0 indicates Unit-record I
I
I
I is SYSLST.
I
I
I
device only. 1 indicates unit-record I
I
I
I or tape device, 2 indicates unit- I
I
I
I record, tape, or disk device, and 3 I
I
I
I indicates unit-record or disk device. I
I
I
I
I Default is 000.
~----------------------t----------------------+-----------------------------------------~
I
SYSROPT={YES}
I
I Indicates that job stream can
be I
I
NO
I
I transferred from card input on SYSRDR I
I
I
I to tape or disk on SYSIPT during 1400 I
Default is all I
I
I
I program execution.
I
I
I
I input from SYSIPT.
~----------------------t----------------------+-----------------------------------------i
I
TAPEDR={n}
I
1400 magnetic tape I Indicates number (1-6) of 1400 tape I
I
Q
I
I units. Default is o.
I
~----------------------+----------------------+-----------------------------------------~
I
TAPEMOD=MXEDPAR
I
I Indicates mode of 9- or 7- track tape. I
I
I
I
I Default is even parity, Normal mode.
I
I
I
~
~
I
~----------------------+----------------------+-----------------------------------------~
I
TAPERRS= LST
I
I Indicates simulation of 1400 diagnos- I
I
LOG
I
I tic tape read and storage scan. (CHAR I
LSTCHAR
I
I indicates display in character mode I
I
LOGCHAR
I
I only.) Default is simulation not per- I
I
IL______________________
NO
I ______________________ I _________________________________________
formed.
JI
80
Table 13.
Emulator-program Parameters (continued)
r-------~--------------T----------------------T-----------------------------------------,
I
Parameter
I
Required By
I Remarks
I
~--~-~~~~--------------+----------------------+-----------------------------------------~
I
TAPEu=SYSnnn
I
1400 magnetic tape I "u" is 1-6. A programmer logical unit I
I
I
I must be assigned to all six 1400 tape I
The same logical unit may be I
I
I
I units.
I
I
I assigned to more than one tape unit. I
1
1
I "nnn" is the programmer logical unit I
I
I
I for device "u".
Default is SYS011- I
1
1
I SYS016 for the respective values of I
I
I
I "u" from 1-6.
I
~------~---------------+----------------------+-----------------------------------------i
I
TAPLDMD={YES}
I
1400 magnetic tape I Indicates tape Load-mode operations. I
I
NO
I
in Load mode
I Default is Load-mode operations not I
I
I
I performed.
I
~----~~---------------+----------------------+-----------------------------------------~
I
TIMER={YES}
1
1 Indicates availability of timer on I
1
NO
1
1 System/360 and time of day to log for I
1 1400 jobs.
Default is timer
not 1
I
I
1
1
1 available.
I
~------.-----------------+---------------------+----------------------------------------·i
I
TRACKOP={YES}
I
1311, 1301, or 14051 Indicates track operations on 1311, 1
I
NO
I
track operations
I 1301,
or 1405.
Default is track I
1
I
I operations not performed.
I
~----~-r---------------+----------------------+-----------------------------------------~
1
US~ROG={YES}
I
User-written rou- I Indicates block of user code to be in- I
NO
1
tine
1 serted for non-standard Emulator Pro- I
I
Default is entry to I
I
I
I gram functions.
I
I
I
I user program not generated.
~----~-~---------------+----------------------+-----------------------------------------i
1
VERIFY={YES}
I
I Verifies disk records written. Default I
I
NO
I
I is disk verification not performed.
I
L ______ ~---------------~---------------------~---------- _______________________________ J
Appendix A:
Emulator-Program Parameters
81
APPENDIX B:
MODEL 30 BASIC FEATURE SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS
Six specialized System/360 instructions
are provided for use with the 1401/1440/
1460 Basic Compatibility Feature.
These
are:
Program Interruptions:
Privileged operation
Specification
Addressing
Timing:
19 microseconds
• Compatibility Feature Initialize Mode
(CFIM)
The six special System/360 instructions
provided with the Basic Compatibility Feature have the SI format and are similar to
the Diagnose instruction.
The operation
code for all instructions is the same (99).
The six special compatibility instructions
have the following format:
• Compatibility Feature Mode Set (CFMS)
• Compatibility Feature Store Variables
(CFSV)
• Compatibility Feature Load Variables
(CFLV)
81
• Compatibility Feature Store Constants
(CFSC)
r----r-----------------T-----T------------,
I
I
12
I
I
I
• Compatibility Feature Load Constants
(CFLC)
L-___
I 99 ~--------T--------~ B~ I
D~
I
I
I ________
W~
I ________
W2
I _____ I ____________ JI
An attempt to use these instructions
should not be made unless the Basic Compatibility Feature is installed on the system.
The System/360 Diagnose
instructions
(see the publication IBM System/360 Princip~es of Operations, Form
A22-6821) provide a means to enable and disable these
specialized instructions. Thus, operationexception protection is assured when compatibility is not being used on the system.
The Diagnose instruction as used for the
compatibility Feature has the following
format:
SI
r----T-·
. . .---------------T-----T----------,.--,
I
I B~ I
D~
I
I
I 83 I
I
I
12
~-----+------------1
I
0
I
3
C
C
I
L ____ ~-r---------------~-----~------------J
o
7 8
15 16 19 20
31
When the Diagnose instruction is used to
enable or disable the special compatibility
instructions, the displacement contains the
hexadecimal address 3CC. Bits 16-19 (B~)
must be zero. When the 12 byte of the
Diagnose instruction is 80, special 1400
compatibility instructions are allowed to
function.
When the 12 byte is 00, these
special instructions are disabled and cause
a program interruption if used. It should
be noted that the Diagnose instruction is a
privileged operation.
Condition Code:
Unpredictable
82
o
~
7 8
~
11
~
12
~
15 16 19 20
31
Bits 8-11 (W~) are used to define the
six special instructions.
Mnemonics are
not provided for these instructions in the
assembler language.
When the assembler
language is used, these instructions must
be coded as hexadecimal constants, using
the DC assembler statement.
Condition Code:
Remains unchanged
Program Interruptions:
Addressing
Compatibility Feature Initialize Mode
(CFIM)
This compatibility instruction is defined by W~ being equal to zero. Bits
12-15 (W 2 ) are interpreted as follows:
~
Interpreted As
o No initialization required
1
Initialize for 1402 card load
2
Initialize for 1401 tape load
9
Initialize for 1442 card load
This instruction loads auxiliary storage
with 512 bytes, starting at
the main (storage address specified by the
effective address (B~ + D~). If W2 = 1 or
9, positions 0001 through 0080 of compatibility storage are cleared to blanks and a
wordmark is inserted in location 0001. In
consecutiv~ly
addition, if W2 = 9, a groupmark with wordmark (GMWM) is inserted in position OOSl of
compatibility storage.
If W2 = 2,
the
fir$t tape instruction performed ignores
GMWMs in storage..
This instruction also
performs the following functions after auxiliary storage loading is completed:
• Tests the allow-I/o-traps bit (Programmed Mode switch control) in auxiliary storage.
If the bit is off, the
multiplexor channel is inhibited from
byte interleaving, all I/O interruptions are prohibited, and
external
interruptions are enabled.
1402 card load (51 column), or +
microseconds for 1442 card load.
240
compatibility Feature Mode Set (CFMS)
This
compatibility
instruction
is
defined by the contents of W1. being equal
to 1. W2 is interpreted as follows:
~
InterEreted As
0
No initialization required
1
Initialize for 1402 card load
2
Initialize for 1401 tape load
9
Initialize for 1442 card load
~:
The allow-I/O-traps bit should
always be off unless the Programmed
Mode
Switch
(PMS)
subfeature
is
installed.
• Generates a unique character (SF)
in
the main storage location that is one
less . than
that
corresponding
to
compatibility-storage
location 0000.
This character serves to detect a lowmain-storage wraparound condition when
operating in Co~patibility mode.
• Switches to 1400 Read Only Storage
(ROS) control and initiates a 1400
instruction read-out at the address
specified in the auxiliary-storage A
backup locations for the I and J registers (1400 instruction counter).
This
initial address need not be in the 1400
portion of main storage, but it may not
be in main-storage hexadecimal address
0000.
If W2
= 1 or 9, positions 0001 through
OOSO of compatibility storage are clear~d
to blanks and a wordmark is inserted in
location 0001.
In addition, if W2 = 9, a
groupmark with wordmark (GMWM) is inserted
in position OOSl of compatibility storage.
If W2 = 2, the first tape instruction
performed ignores GMWMs in storage.
This
instruction performs the same functions as
the CFIM instructioIl;, except that auxiliary
storage is not initialized and no storage
scan is performed.
In brief, the CFMS
instruction does the following
(see the
CFIM instruction for details):
• Tests the allow-I/o-traps bit.
• Allows detection of any low-order 1400mode storage wraparound conditions.
• Switches control to 1400-mode.
• Scans 1400 storage and sets all invalid
1400 characters to blank (hexadecimal
40) .The
Compatibility Feature Initialize
Mode instruction has the following Format:
51
r----T-------~--------T-----T------------,
1
I
W1.
I
W2
I
I 99 ~-------~--------~
I
I
0 I 0 , 1, 2 , 9 I
B1.
I
I
I
D1.
I
I
I
L__ ~_~~~------~--~-----~-----~------------J
o 1 8
11 12
15 16 19 20
Therefore,j the CFMS instruction is used
when auxiliary storage has been previously
initialized and no changes are required to
begin another Emulator Program.
The CFMS
instruction also may be used to return
system control to the 1400 ROS after a
system interruption when the PMS subfeature
is used.
In this latter case, W2 would be
equal to o.
The Compatibility Feature
Mode
instruction has the following format:
Set
31
SI
Condition Code:
Unchanged
r---~--------T--------T-----T-----------~'
I
I
I
I
I
D1.
I
1L____ I ________
0
I ____
0.,1,2,91
___ _____ I ____________ JI
Program Interruption:
Addressing
I
o
Timing:
65 + (4 x 512) + (6 times number
1400
characters)
microseconds
microseconds for tape load, or +
microseconds for 1402 card load
column) ,
or + 240 microseconds
of
+ 3
23S
(SO
for
W1.
I
W2
I
99~--------+-----:---~
~
~
1 S
11 12
~
~
B1.
~
15 16 19 20
31
Condition Code:
Unchanged
Program Interruption:
Addressing
Appendix B: Model 30 Basic Feature Special Instructions
83
Timing:
63 microseconds
Although no specification checking is
performed, a 256-byte boundary in main
storage must not be crossed during instruction execution.
Compat·i-bili ty Feature Store Variables
(CFSV)
Compatibility Feature Load Variables (CFLV)
This instruction can be used to alter
any of the 64 bytes of 1400 auxiliary
storage. It transfers four bytes from main
storage,
beginning
with the effective
address specified by B~ and D~, to four
contiguous 1400 auxiliary-storage locations
specified by W2 (see Table 14). For this
instruction, W1 contains a
hexadecimal
value of 3.
This Compatibility-mode instruction is
defined by w~ being equal to a hexadecimal
value of 2.
The CFLV instruction loads
main storage, beginning with the effective
address specified by B1 and D1 , from the
four contiguous bytes of 1400 auxiliary
storage specified by W2 • The specifications of W2 for this instruction are shown
in Table 14.
Most variables contained in 1400 auxiliary storage, such as 1400 instruction
address, tape densities, and unit address
assignments, can be changed with
this
instruction.
The Compatibility Feature Load Variables
instruction has the following format:
The Compatibility Feature store Variables instruction has the following format:
1
I
1
1
1
1
1 99 ~~~------+--------~ B~ 1
D1
1
1L ____ 1________
3 1_______ 1_____ 1____________ J1
o 7 8
1
1
W1 1
W2
1
1
1
1 99 ~--------+--------~ B~ 1
D1
1
1L____ 1________
2 1________ 1_____.J.1____________ J1
~
o
SI
r--~~-~------T--------T-----T------------'
W~
W2
~
SI
r----T--------T--------T-----y------------,
~
~
11 12
7 8
~
11 12
~
15 16 19 20
31
Condition Code:
Unchanged
~
15 16 19 20
31
Program Interruption:
Addressing
Condition Code:
Unchanged
Timing:
44 microseconds
Program Interruption:
Addressing
A main-storage 256-byte boundary must
not be crossed during execution of this
instruction.
Timing:
44 microseconds
Table 14.
1400 Auxiliary
Defined by W2
Compatibility Feature Store Constants
(CFSC)
Storage
Bytes
r----~---------T------------T-------------,
1
1 W2 for 14001 W2 for 1400 1
I
1 Auxiliary 1 Auxiliary
1
1 Bytes Defined 1 Storage A I Storage B
1
~--~-~~--------+------------+-------------~
I
80 through 831 0000 (0)
1000 (8)
1
84 through 871 0001 (1)
1001 (9)
1
88 through 8BI 0010 (2)
1010 (A)
1
8C through 8FI 0011 (3)
1011 (B)
1
90 through 931 0100 (4)
1100 (C)
1
94 through 971 0101 (5)
1101 (D)
1
98 through 9BI 0110 (6)
1110
1
9C through
9FI.J.____________
0111 (7)
L _____
._...... _______
84
~
This instruction transfers the contents
of main storage locations beginning with
the effective address specified by B1 and
D1 to the 16 contiguous 1400 auxiliarystorage locations specified by W1 and W2 W~ is used to define the instruction
function and must contain the hexadecimal value
9 or D. If W1 contains a 9, W2 refers to a
starting address in 1400 auxiliary storage
A. If W1 contains a D, W2 refers to a
starting address in 1400 auxiliary storage
B. W2 provides the high-order hexadecimal
digit of the starting address in 1400
auxiliary storage.. The low-order hexadecimal digit of the starting address is always
zero. If W2 contains the value 7, the
starting. address in 1400 auxiliary storage
is 70, and the locations 70 through 7F are
loaded with the information starting at the
main storage location defined by B1 and D1 •
(E)
1111 (F)
_____________
J
The Compatibility Feature Store Conhas
the
following
stants instruction
format:
SI
r----T-.".-----~--------T-----T------------,
I
I
W1
I
W2
I
I
I
I 99 ~-~------+--------~ B1 I
01
I
IL____ I 9 ______
or D I ________ I _____ I ____________ JI
~_~
o
7 8
~
11 12
~
~
15 16 19 20
31
Condition Code:
Unchanged
B.
W2 provides the high-order hexadecimal
digit of the starting address in 1400
auxiliary storage. The low-order hexadecimal digit of the starting address is always
zero.
If W2
contains the value 7, the
starting address in 1400 auxiliary storage
is 70, and the locations 70 through 7F are
loaded with the information starting at the
main storage location defined by Bj. and 0 1 •
The Compatibility Feature Load Constants
instruction has the following format:
Program Interruption:
Addressing
SI
r----T--------T--------T-----T------------,
Timing:
106 microseconds
Compatibility Feature Load Constants
This instruction loads the main storage
locations beginning with the
effective
address specified by B1 and D1 from the 16
contiguous bytes of 1400 auxiliary storage
specified by W1 and W2 •
w2 is used to
define the instruction function and must
contain the hexadecimal value 8 or c.
If
Wj. contains an 8, data is fetched from 1400
auxiliary storage A.
If W1 contains a C,
data is fetched from 1400 auxiliary storage
I
I
W1
I
W2
I
I
I
I 99 ~--------+--------i B1 I
01
I
IL____ I ________
8 or C I ________ I _____ I ____________ JI
~
o 7 8
~
11 12
~
~
15 16 19 20
31
Condition Code:
Unchanged
Program Interruption:
Addressing
Timing:
106 microseconds
Appendix B: Model 30 Basic Feature Special Instructions
85
APPENDIX C:
MODEL 30 PROGRAMMED MODE SWITCH SUBFEATURE SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS
The Programmed Mode Switch (PMS) subfeature allows 2030 programs and Model 30
Emulator Programs to reside in storage
coincidentally and to be executed 1n an
interleaved manner by providing the capability to switch the processor between
compatibility mode and 2030 mode under
control of the 2030 program.
Special System/360 instructions are provided to control and facilitate commun1cation between the 2030 program and the 1400
programs.
These
special
System/360
instructions are enabled and disabled as in
the Basic Compatibility Feature by way of
the
System/360
Diagnose
instruction.
Mnenomics are not included in the assembler
language.
If the system is not equipped with the
PMS subfeature, the Model 30 1400 Emulator
Program under DOS cannot be used.
The PMS subfeature includes the following instructions, which facilitate
the
transfer of data between 2030-program data
areas:
• Compatibility Feature Move To
bility (CFMT)
Compati-
• Compatibility Feature Move From Compatibility (CFMF)
• Compatibility
bility (CFLT)
Feature Load To Compati-
• Compatibility Feature Load From Compatibility (CFLF)
The four special System/360 instructions
have the RR format, which is illustrated as
follows:
not moved; wordmarks in
field remain undisturbed.
the
destination
The move to compatibility is similar to
a tape-move operation in the ,1400, except
that information is moved from the 2030
storage area to the area reserved for the
1400 portion of the program. The binary
address specified by general register R2 is
the source address in the 2030 storage
area.
The binary address specified by
general register R1 is the destination
address in the 1400 main-storage area. The
low-order 16 bits of the general register
specified by R1 + 1 is the count and is
decremented for each byte transferred from
the 2030 main-storage area.
The two addresses are incremented by 1
and the count is decremented by 1 in the
specified general purpose register after
each byte is moved.
The count is checked for zero before
each byte transfer. If it is zero, the
operation is terminated and a groupmark
(GM) is inserted in the destination field.
The operation is also terminated on detection of a groupmark with wordmark (GMWM) in
the destination field, in which case no
character is moved.
The
destination
address
is always
updated to 1 beyond the GMWM or GM address
at the end of the move. The effective 1400
B-Storage Address Register is set to this
address.
The Compatibility Feature Move to Compatibility instruction has the following
format:
RR
RR
.---·----T--------T------,
Op
Code
I
I
L _____
o
I
I
I
I
7 8
11 12
I
I
R1
R2
--i--------i------J
15
The general register specified by
contains
the destination address.
source address is specified by R2 •
r-------T--------T------,
I
OE
I
R1
I
R2
I
L _______ i ________ L ______ J
o
7 8
11 12
15
Condition Code:
count
00 - Operation terminated by
zero
01 - Operation terminated by a GMWM in
1400 storage
Compatibility Feature Move to Compatibility
(CFMT)
Program Interruptions:
Addressing
Program
This instruction moves data from the
source
address
(2030 storage) to the
destination address
(compatibility storage).
wordmarks in the source field are
Timing:
65 + (5 times number of characters
transferred) microseconds.
Add
3
86
microseconds for each wordmark in the
destination field.
Compatibility Feature Move From
Compat-ibility (CFMF)
This instruction
CFMT
instruction,
exceptions:
is identical to the
with
the following
• The movement of data is reversed.
• GMWM detection is done
field.
on
the
source
• When a GMWM terminates the instruction,
the source address is incremented to 1
beyond the GMWM address,
and
the
destination address remains unchanged.
The effective 1400 B-Storage Address
Register
is
set to this
(source)
address.
• No groupmark is
destination field
count.
inserted
in
the
on termination by
+ 1 is a count of the number of bytes to
be handled in the source field.
R~
Wordmarks in the source field are not
moved.
Wordmarks in the destination field
are cleared.
When
a
word
separator
character is detected in the source field,
however, the count is decremented by 1, the
source address is incremented by 1, no
character transfer takes place, and a wordmark is inserted with the first character
following in the source field that is not
also a word separator.
Termination on GMWM detection or count
and setting of the condition register is
identical to that of the CFMT instruction.
The effective
1400
B-Storage
Address
Register is set to the final destination
address.
The compatibility Feature Load to Compatibility instruction has the following
:ormat:
RR
The Compatibility Feature Move From Compatibility instruction has the following
format:
r-------T--------T------,
IL _______
OC
I ______
R~
I ______
Ra JI
~~
o
7 8
~
11 12
15
RR
r-----·--T--------T------,
I OF
I
R~
I R2 I
Condition Code:
00 - Operation terminated by
count
zero
01 - Operation terminated by a GMWM in
1400 storage
L___~~-~-------~------J
o
7 8
11 12
15
Condition Code:
00 - Operation
terminated by count
zero
01 - Operation terminated by a GMWM in
1400 storage
Program Interruptions:
Addressing
Program
Timing:
65
Program Interruptions:
Addressing
Program
+
(4
times number of characters
microseconds.
Add
2
microseconds for each wordmark in the
source field.
~ransferred)
Timing:
62 + (5 times number of characters
transferred)
microseconds.
Add 3
microseconds for each wordmark in the
destination field.
Compatibility Feature Load to Compatibility
(CFLT)·
This instruction moves data from the
source address
(2030 storage)
to
the
destination address
(co~patibility
storage).
This function is similar ~o a tape-load
operation
from
2030'
storage to 1400
storage~
The binary address specified by
general register R2 is the source address,
and the binary address specified by general
register R~ is the destination address.
The low-order 16 bits in general register
Appendix C:
Compatibility Feature Load From
Compatibility (CFLF)
This instruction
CFLT
instruction,
exceptions:
is identical to the
with
the following
• The movement of data is
storage to 2030 storage,.
1400
from
• Wordmarks in the source field cause a
word separator character to be inserted
in the destination field.
The destination address is incremented by 1"
the
count is decremented by 1, and the
source address remains unchanged.
• GMWM detection is done
field.
on
the
source
Model 30 PMS Subfeature Special Instructions
87
• When a GMWM terminates the operation,
the source address is incremented to 1
beyond the GMWM, and the destination
address remains unchanged. The effective 1400 B-Storage Address Register is
set to this source address.
Condition Code:
00 - Operation terminated
zero
01 - Operation terminated
1400 storage
• No groupmark is inserted on termination
by count.
Program Interruptions:
Addressing
Program
The Compatibility Feature Load From Compatibility instruction has the following
format:
RR
r----~--T--------r------l
IL__ on
I ________
R~
I ______
R2 JI
~_~_~
o
88
7 8
~
11 12
15
by
count
by GMWM in
Timing:
61 + (5 times number of characters
transferred)
microseconds.
Add 4
microseconds for each wordmark in the
and add 10 microdestination field,
the
seconds for each wordmark in
source field.
APPENDIX D:
This appendix contains a brief description of the functions performed by a group
of machine instructions that are intended
for use by the Model 40 Emulator Program
and are available for modifying the Model
40 Emulator Program for specific applications. To use these instructions properly,
it is necessary that the user be thoroughly
familiar with the internal operation and
logic of the Model 40 Emulator Program.
The 1401/1440/1460 DOS
Compatibility
Feature executes 1400 instructions and performs other functions, such as updating the
simulated 1400 registers.
If the 1400
instruction to be emulated is not a Move
Character and Edit (MCE), a Move Character
and Suppress Zeros (MCS), an instruction
related to input/output, a Halt, or any of
the Branch an I/O Indicator instructions,
the 1401/1440/1460 DOS Compatibility Feature executes the instruction without using
the Emulator Program. After execution of
an instruction, the 1401/1440/1460 DOS Compatibility Feature obtains (fetches) the
next 1400 instruction.
There are
two
methods of fetching the 1400 instructions:
fetch the next sequential instruction (1Fetch) and fetch the instruction located at
the address of the A operand (I-Fetch at
A-Address).
MODEL 40 SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS
executed by the 1401/1440/1460 DOS Compatibility Feature alone or requires a
branch to 'the Emulator Program
I-FETCH AT A-ADDRESS
I-Fetch at the A-address performs the
same operations as I-Fetch, except that the
address in the A-Address Register (AAR) is
used, instead of the address in the IAR, to
obtain the address of the next instruction.
After the instruction is fetched,
the
address of the next instruction is stored
in the simulated IAR. This is the process
used for executing 1400 Branch instructions.
DIAGNOSE INSTRUCTIONS
The 1401/1440/1460 DOS
Compatibility
Feature provides special Diagnose instructions for use by the Emulator Program in
executing
1400 instructions, converting
addresses, providing character translation,
inserting groupmarks and tapemarks, and
returning control to the 1401/1440/1460 DOS
Compatibility Feature. These instructions
include the following:
I-FETCH
I-Fetch
ations:
performs
the
following
oper-
• Multiway Branch
• Scatter/Gather
• Clear Entire 1400 Storage to Blanks
• Gets the contents of the simulated
Instruction Address Register (IAR)
• Converts the address in the IAR to the
effective address in simulated storage
that contains the instruction to be
interpreted
• Clear 1400 Locations 0-80 to Blanks
• Address Modify
• Scatter/Gather Binary Data
• Return to 1401:
I-Fetch
• Return to 1401:
I-Fetch at A-Address
• Fetches the instruction
• Updates and restores the simulated IAR
• Performs any indexing required for the
instruction
• Converts the effective 1400
of
the operands obtained
System/360
addresses
in
storage
addresses
to their
simUlated
• Examines the operation code to determine whether the instruction can be
• Scan for Groupmark
1400 Storage
with
Wordmark
in
• Edit Analyze
• Edit Get, Put
The Diagnose instructions communicate
with the 1401/1440/1460 DOS Compatibility
Feature through the general purpose registers (GPRS).
Appendix D: Model 40 special Instructions
89
The Diagnose instructions have the
lowing format:
code
• Byte 1 - operation
83)
fol-
(hexadecimal
• Byte 2 - control byte (variable)
• Bytes 3 and 4 - absolute Read-OnlyStor,age address of the link to the
1401/1440/1460 DOS Compatibility Feature (hexadecimal 0741)
A description of each Diagnose instruction follows.
Multiway Branch
Bytes 0 and 1
GPR 9
Bytes 2 and 3
,r-------------T------------------,
I Search Table
I Address
I Search Argument
I Address
I
I
~---~-----------+------------------~
IL_______ _______ I __________________
Base Address
JI
~
~
Search [Table Address: This is the binary
address of the beginning of a table (high
order)
consisting of a series of 2-byte
entries, each situated on a halfword boundary. Byte 1 of each entry is the tableargument to be compared to the search
argument. Byte 2 is a binary relative
address that is added to the base address
when an equal compare occurs. The sum of
the relative address and the base address
is loaded into the current program status
word (PSW) as a new instruction counter
(IC).
Sear.ch Argument Address:
This is
the
binary address of the search argument in
Emulator-Program storage.
Base Address:
This address forms
the
address
of
the
next Emulator-Program
instruction when combined with the relative
address found in the table.
90
The hexadecimal representation of this
instruction is 83100741. Since simulated
1400 storage is not contiguous, and 1400
internal BCD is not represented the same as
in the System/360 buffers, this instruction
is necessary to move data between EmulatorProgram storage and the simulated 1400
storage. This instruction also translates
between BCDIC-8 and the simulated 1400
internal code in which instructions and
data are represented in simulated 1400
storage (see Table 15).
scatter performs the following:
The hexadecimal representation of this
instruction is 83000741. This instruction
causes a branch to a subroutine after
determining the branch address by a tablelookup operation. A specified character is
compared to the entries in a table in
Emulator-Program
storage;
the
program
branches to the address formed by combining
the table function with a specified base
address when an equal compare is recognized.
After each unequal compare
of
search and table arguments, the table argument is tested for zero.
A zero table
argument signals the end of the table; the
current search argument is ignored and
program execution continues at the next
sequential instruction after the Diagnose.
To execute this Diagnose instruction, GPRs
8 and 9 must be initialized as follows:
GPR 8
Scatter/Gather
• Moves
characters
from
contiguous
Emulator-Program storage to noncontiguous 1400 storage
• Translates these characters from BCDlC8 to simulated 1400 internal code
• Sets a condition code at termination of
Scatter operation to indicate results
of the operation
• Returns to the
instruction if
are found
next Emulator-Program
no invalid characters
• If an invalid character is detected"
a
"+" character (XOOOOOOO) is inserted in
1400 storage for that character, operation continues to termination and exits
to branch table entry 31.
Gather performs the following functions:
• Moves
characters from noncontiguous
1400 storage locations to contiguous
locations in Emulator-Program storage
• Translates these characters from simulated 1400 internal code to BCDIC-8
• Sets a condition code at termination of
Gather operation to indicate results of
the operation
• Returns to the next instruction of
Emulator-Program
the
Data is represented in buffer areas in
BCDIC-8, as shown in Table 16.
When th~s
data is scattered to 1400 storage, it
remaps into the representation as shown in
Table 15.
When i t is gathered, into the
buffer from 1400 storage, it remaps into
BCDlC-8 again.
To execute this Diagnose instruction.,
GPRs 8 and 9 must be initiali2ed
as
follows:
Bytes 1, 2, and 3
Byte 0
r--------------T--------------------,
I
00
I System/360 Address I
GPR 8
IL______________ I ____________________ JI
~
Byte 0
Byte 1
Bytes 2 and 3
r---------~-------T----------------,
GPR 9 I control I count
I Byte
I
I 1400 Address
I
I
I
L~--------~--------~----------------J
Svstem/360 Address: This is the System/360
buffer address from where data is to be
taken (scattered) or to where data is to be
placed (gathered).
Control ,Byte:
This byte determines the
manner of the scatter or gather and the
status of the 1400 B-Address
Register
(BAR), in GPR1 or GPR9. Bits 1, 2, 3, 5,
and 6 are always zero. If bit 4 contains a
1, the BAR contains the updated
1400
address used in the scatter or gather
operation. GPR 8 (System/360 address) is
updated as used.
If bit 4 is 0, the BAR
remains unchanged, and GPR 9 contains the
updated 1400 address used in the scatter or
gather operation.
Bits 0 and 7 have the
following meanings:
Bits
o
7
o
o
Gather characters in Load mode.
The characters from simulated 1400
internal code with word- marks are
translated to BCDIC-8 with wordmarks.
1
scatter characters in Move mode.
The characters are translated from
BCDIC-8 to simulated 1400 internal
code.
Bit 0 of the 1400 storage
locations remains unchanged. This
has the effect of leaving wordmark
bits unchanged in 1400 storage
while moving new characters into
these locations.
o
Operation
1
o
Gather characters in Move mode.
simulated 1400 internal code characters with wordmarks are translated to BCDIC-8 without wordmarks.
1
1
Scatter characters in Load mode.
BCDIC-8 characters with wordmarks
are translated to simulated 1400
internal code.
cOunt: This field specifies the number of
characters
to be moved minus 1.
For
example., a count field containing hexadecimal OA causes 11 characters to be moved.
The scatter/gather operation is restricted
to 256 characters per operation. The count
field is unchanged by this operation.
1400 Address:
This is the address, in
"hddd" form, of the lowest 1400 address of
the data field, where "h" is a hexadecimal
digit and ad" is a decimal digit.
Condition Codes:
codes are set at
Scatter operation:
The following condition
the termination of a
00 - The operation has been terminated
because an internal count, derived
from the count byte in GPR9, has
been decremented to zero. The 1400
address points to the last character
scattered plus 1.
01 - The operation has been terminated
because a groupmark wordmark (GMWM)
has
been found in 1400 storage
before the internal count has been
decremented
to
zero.
The 1400
address points to the GMWM plus 1.
GPR8 points to the last System/360
character that was scattered plus 1.
The following condition codes are set for a
Gather operation:
00 - The operation has been terminated
because an internal count" derived
from the count byte in, GPR9, has
been decremented to zero. The 1400
address points to the last character
gathered plus 1.
01 - The operation has been terminated
because a GMWM has been found in
1400 storage before the internal
count was decremented to zero. The
GMWM has not been gathered to the
Emulator Program storage. The 1400
address pointer to the GMWM plus 1.
GPR8 points to the last character
gathered to the System/.360 storage
plus 1, i.e •• where the GMWM would
be if it had been moved.
Scatter/Gather
~oad
Mode Tape
The hexadecimal representation of this
instruction is 83100741. Since simulated
1400 storage is not
contiguous"
this
instruction
is necessary to move data
between Emulator-program storage and simulated 1400 storage, translating the data
between BCDIC-8 and the simulated 1400
internal code in which instructions and
data are represented in simulated 1400
storage (see Table 15). The instruction
also performs a conversion between word
separators and wordmarks.
scatter
following:
Load
Mode
Tape
performs
the
• Moves
characters
from
contiguous
Emulator-Program storage to noncontiguous 1400 storage
Appendix D: Model 40 Special Instructions
91
• Translates these characters from BCDIC8 to simulated 1400 internal code
• converts word separators to wordmarks
(only the first of a series of word
separators is utilized)
• Tests for invalid characters, setting a
condition code of 10 upon detection and
inserting a "+" character (XOOOOOOO) in
1400 storage for that character
• Returns to the next instruction of the
Emulator Program
Gather Load
following:
Mode
Tape
performs
the
• Moves
characters from noncontiguous
1400 storage to contiguous EmulatorProgram storage
• Translates these characters from simulated 1400 internal code to BCDIC-8
and GPR 9 (1400 address). Bits 0, 1, 2, 5,
and 6 are always zero. If bit 3 contains a
1, Scatter/Gather Load Mode Tape is indicated.
If bit 4 contains a 1, the BAR
contains the updated 1400 address used in
the scatter or gather operation. GPR 8
(System/360 address) is updated as used.
If bit 4 contains a 0, the BAR remains
unchanged, and GPR 9 contains the updated
1400 address used in the scatter or gather
9peration. If bit 7 contains a 0, the
operation is a gather; if bit 7 contains a
1, the operation is a scatter.
Count: This field specifies the number of
characters
to be moved minus 1.
For
example, a count field containing hexadecimal OA causes 11 characters to be moved.
The scatter/gather operation is restricted
to 256 characters per operation. The count
field is unchanged by this operation.
1400 Address:
This is the address, in
"hddd" form, of the lowest 1400 address of
the data field.
• converts wordmarks to word separators
• Returns to the next instruction of
Emulator Program
the
To execute this Diagnose instruction,
GPRs 8 and 9 must be initialized
as
follows:
Byte 0
Bytes 1, 2"
and 3
r-~--------T-------------------------1
GPR 81 Split
ISystem/360 Address
I
I Operation
________ I _________________________ JI
L_~
~
Byte 0
Byte 1
Bytes 2 and 3
r-~------T--------T------------------'
GPR 91 ControllCount
11400 Address
I
1 Byte
___ __ I ________ I __________________ JI
L~
~
~
~
Split - Operation: This byte (byte 0 of GPR
8) is used to indicate a split operation,
where
the
last
character
read from
Emulato~Program storage was a word separator. If bit 4 of byte 0 of GPR 8 is not a
zero
when
Scatter Load Mode Tape is
entered, a wordmark is placed at the first
character in simulated 1400 storage. This
byte of GPR 8 must be initialized at 0, and
hardware will automatically set this byte
for split operation.
Svsteml360 Address: This is the System/360
buffer. address from where data is to be
taken (scattered) or to where data is to be
placed (gathered).
control Byte: This byte determines whether
the operation is a scatter or a gather, the
scatter/gather is a load-mode tape operation, and the status of the B-Address
Register (BAR), GPR 8 (System/360 address),
92
Condition Codes: The following condition
codes are set at the termination of a
Scatter operation:
00 - The operation has been terminated
because an internal count, derived
from the count byte in GPR9, has
been decremented to zero. The 1400
address points to the last character
scattered plus 1.
01 - The operation has been terminated
because a groupmark wordmark (GMWM)
has been found in 1400
storage
before the internal count was decremented to ~ero.
The 1400 address
points to the GMWM plus 1.
GPR8
points
to
the
last System/360
character that was scattered plus 1.
10 - An invalid 1400 character has been
detected during the scatter and the
internal count has been decremented
to zero.
The 1400 address in GPR1
or GPR9 points to the last character
scattered plus 1.
11 - An invalid 1400 character has been
detected during the scatter and the
scatter has been terminated by a
GMWM in 1400 storage before the
internal count was decremented to
zero.
The 1400 address in GPR1 or
GPR9 points to the GMWM plus 1.
GPR8 points to the last System/360
character scattered plus 1.
Clear Entire 1400 Storage to Blanks
The hexadecimal representation of this
instruction is 83300741~
This Diagnose
instruction uses the 1401/1440/1460 DOS
Compatibility Feature to clear the entire
simulated 1400 storage to blanks.
No
register initialization is necessary.
Clear 1#00 Locations 0-80 to Blanks
The ,hexadecimal representation of this
instruction is 83400141.
This Diagnose
instruction uses the 1401/1440/1460 DOS
Compatibility Feature to clear the simulated 1400 card read area to blanks. No
register initialization is necessary.
data between Emulator-program storage and
1400 storage locations 401, SOl, 402, S02,
etc. Translation between BCDIC-8 and simulated 1400 internal code representation is
accomplished during the transfer.
After
the operation, control is returned to the
1401/1440/1460 DOS compatibility Feature
through branch table entry 16 for Scatter
or entry S for Gather. In order for this
instruction to be executed, GPR 8 must be
initialized as follows:
Byte 0
Bytes 1,
2~
and 3
r-------T---------------------------,
Address.Modify
IL_______i I __________________________
System/360 Address
I
~J
The hexadecimal representation of this
instruction is 839x0741, where "x" (bits
12-1S) is set to one of eight possible
configu~ations for specific address modification. This Diagnose instruction uses the
1401/1440/1460 DOS Compatibility Features
to increment or decrement by one or under
count a 1401-type address in the form
"hddd" or a six-digit decimal address in
the form "dddddd" in GPR 9 where "h" is a
hexadecimal digit and "d" is a decimal
digit. In order for this instruction to be
executed, GPR 9 must be initialized as
follows:
Bytes 2 and 3
Bytes 0 and 1
GPR 9
.r-----------------T---------------,
I
I
I
hddd
L-________________ ________________
J
~
Svstem/360 Address:
This is the binary
address of the lowest location of the
binary data in Emulator-Program storage,.
After completion of the operation, this
address will have been incremented by 160.
Return to 1400:
I-Fetch
The hexadecimal representation of this
instruction is 83D00741.
This Diagnose
instruction returns control from the Emulator Program to the 1401/1440/1460 DOS Compatibility Feature. The Compatibility Feature then performs an I-Fetch for the next
1400 instruction. No register initialization is necessary.
Return to 1400:
I-Fetch at A-Address
or
The hexadecimal representation
Bytes 0 and 1.
GPR 9
Bytes 2 and 3
r-----------------T----------------,
I
dd
I
dddd
I
L _________________ i ________________ J
The count, if required, is in binary
form in bytes 2 and 3 of GPR 8 and should
be on~ less than the number desired to be
incremented or decremented.
The possible configurations for
12-15, with the resulting
format
address modification, are:
bits
and
Bits
1.£:12
0000
0001
0010
0011
1000
1001
1010
1011
Format
hddd
hddd
dddddd
dddddd
hddd
hddd
dddddd
dddddd
Modification
Increment by one
Increment under count
Increment by one
Increment under count
Decrement by one
Decrement under count
Decrement by one
Decrement under count
instruction
is
83E00741..
This
of
this
Diagnose
instruction executes a 1400 branch
by
returning control from the Emulator Program
to the 1401/1440/1460 DOS compatibility
Feature. The compatibility Feature then
performs an I-Fetch at the address in the
AAR for the next 1400 instruction.
No
register initialization is necessary.
Scan for Groupmark with WOldmark in 1400
Storage
The hexadecimal representation of this
instruction is 83600141.
This Diagnose
instruction uses 1401/1440/1460 DOS Compatibility Feature to scan for a groupmark
with wordmark under count.
The scan is
from left to right.
In order for this
instruction to be executed, GPRs 8 and 9
must be initialized as follows:
Bytes 0 and 1
Bytes 2 and 3
r---------------T-------------------,
I
Count
I
GPR 8 I
~------~.---:;...----+------------------.;~
Scatter/Gather Binary Data
GPR 9 IL_______________ i I __________________
1400 Address
I
The hexadecimal representation of this
instruction is 83A00741 for Scatter and
83B00741
for
Gather.
This
Diagnose
instruction transfers 160 bytes of binary
Count:
This field specifi~s., in binary
form, the number of positions. to be scanned
minus 1.
This binary value should not
~J
Appendix D: Model 40 Special Instructions
93
exceed the decimal value of 16,000. A
starting count of hexadecimal FFFF results
in an error. After the operation is completed, the residual count in GPR 8 is the
original count minus the number of positions scanned. The scan is stopped when
the count is reduced from hexadecimal 0000
to hexadecimal FFFF, unless the groupmark
with wordmark is found earlier. The condition code is set as follows:
00
Specifies the groupmark with wordmark
was found at the count.
01
Specifies the groupmark with wordmark
was found before the count.
10
Specifies the size
(16K) was exceeded.
11
Specifies the groupmark with wordmark
was not found.
of 1400 storage
1400 Address:
This is the address, in
"hddd" format,
of the first 1400 location
to be scanned.
After the operation is
completed, GPR 9 contains an address one
greater than the last position scanned,
whether or not the scan was stopped by an
end-'of -count or
groupmark-wi th-wordmarkfound condition.
Examples: Assuming a starting 1400 address
of 0401 in bytes 2 and 3 of GPR 9, and a
starting count of hexadecimal 0009 in bytes
2 and 3 of GPR 8, the following results are
produced after the operation is completed:
GMWM Addr.
0410
0409
Not in field
Residual
count
FFFF
0000
FFFF
Residual Addr.
in GPR 9
0411
0410
0411
cc
00
01
11
If the control byte has no wordmark,
then its bit 0 is set to a 1; and the
resulting character is used as the loworder byte of a table address. The second
byte of this address is taken from byte 0
of GPR 7. The remaining high-order positions of the table address are taken from
the high-order positions of the current
instruction
counter
(IC).
The table
address is used to fetch a character from
System/360 storage. This character is used
as the low-order byte of a branch address.
The second byte of the branch address is
taken from byte 0 of the current IC. The
high-order positions of the branch address
are set to a O.
This address is then
inserted into the IC of the current PSW,
which effects a branch.
If the control character has a wordmark,
then bit 0 remains a 1, and a branch
address is formed in the same manner as
described
in
the
previous paragraph.
However, instead of a branch to
this
address being executed, the branch address
is placed in bytes 0 and 1 of GPR 7.
The
current IC is then used to fetch the next
instruction.
Edit Get, Put
The hexadecima1 representation of this
instruction is 832x0741, where Ox" (bits
12-15) is set to one of four possible
configurations for four specific operations.
In all four operations, a character
is fetched from 1400 storage and put in
byte 3 of a GPR.
If the character has a
wordmark, the condition code is set to 1;
otherwise, the condition code is set to O.
The possible configurations for bits 12-15
are:
1011
Specifies GET A, MOD AAR -1. In
this operation, the 1400-character
address is in the current 1400 AAR.
After the character is fetched, the
AAR is decremented by one. The
character is placed in byte 3 of
GPR 4.
0111
Specifies GET B, NO MODIFY.
In
this operation, the 1400-character
address is in the current 1400 BAR.
The BAR is unchanged after the
operation. The character is placed
in byte 3 of GPR 7.
1110
specifies PUT B, MOD BAR -1, GET
NEXT B.
In this operation, the
character in byte 3 of GPR 7 is
transferred to 1400 storage (to the
address specified by the BAR). The
BAR is then decremented by one (and
replaces
the current BAR); the
character at the resulting address
is fetched to byte 3 to GPR 7. The
condition code is set to 0 if the
Assuming a starting 1400 address of
15,996 in bytes 2 and 3 of GPR 9,
and the
same starting count of hexadecimal 0009 in
bytes 2 and 3 of GPR 8, the following
results are produced:
GMWI1 Addr.
Not in field
Residual
count
000
Residual Addr.
in GPR 9
0000
CC
10
Edit Analyze
The hexadecimal representation of this
instruction is 83700741.
This Diagnose
instruction uses the 1401 character in byte
3 of GPR 7 as an action control. This byte
of data is called the -control byte- in the
following text.
The Edit Analyze instruction has two
courses of action, depending on whether or
not the control byte has a wordmark.
94
fetched character has no wordmark;
otherwise, it is set to 1.
1100
Specifies PUT B, MOD BAR +1, GET
NEXT B. This operation is identical to PUT B, MOD BAR -1, GET NEXT
B, except that the BAR is incremented (instead of decremented) by
one.
Appendix D: Model 40 Special Instructions
95
APPENDIX E:
Table 15.
CHARACTER CONVERSION TABLES
Eight-Bit Representation of BCD Graphics in Simulated 1400 Storage for the
Model 40
r---------------------------------------T---------------------------------------,
WITHOUT WORDMARK
I
WITH WORD MARK
I
I
~---------------------------------------+---------------------------------------~
4567 10123
t
I
I
r-~-l~~~~~~~~I~~~~~~~I~~O~I~~~~I~~~~~~~!~~~~I~~~I~~~I~~~~I~~~~I~~~~~~~~I~~~~l
I 0000 I +
I - I is I bl I ? I ! I:j: I 0 I + I - 1 is 1 bl I ? I ! I:j: I 0 I
~-----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----~
10001 I
1
I
I
I A I J I / 1 1 I
I
I
I
I A I J 1 / I 1 I
~-----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----~
10 0 10
I
1
I
I
I K
I B
I S
I 2
I
I
1
I
I B
I K
I S
I 2
I
96
~
~
~
~
~
~
*
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
*
~
~
~-----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----~
I 0011 I
I
I
I
1 C I LIT I 3
I
I
I
I
I C I LIT I 3 I
~-----f----+---_+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----~
10 100 I
I
I
I
I DIM
I U
I 4
I
I
I
I
I DIM
I U
I 4
I
~-----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----~
10101 I
I
I
I
I E I N I V I 5 I
I
I
I
I E I N I V I 5 I
~----~+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----~
10110 I
I
I
I
1 FlO I w 1 6
I
I
I
I
I FlO 1 W I 6 I
~-----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----~
I 0111 I
I
I
I
I G I P I X I 7 I
I
I
I
I G I P I X I 7 I
~----~+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----~
11000 I
I
1
I
1 H I Q
I Y I 8 I
1
I
I
I H 1 Q I Y I 8 I
~-----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----~
11001 I
I
I
I
I I I R 1 z I 9 I
I
1
1
I I
I R 1 z I 9
I
~-----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----~
11010 I
I
I
1
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
~----.-+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+---~
11011 I ·
I $
I, I # I
I
I
I
I· I $ I, I # I
I
I
I
I
~-----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----~
11100 I n I * I % I @ I
I
I
I
I n
I *
I % I @ I
I
I
I
I
~-----f----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----~
11101 I [ I ]
I.... I : I
I
I
I
I [
I]
I.... I : I
I
I
I
I
~----~f---_+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----~
11110 I < I i
I·"
I > I
I
I
I
I < I; I" I > I
I
I
I
I
~----~f----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+_---+----+----+----+----+----+----+----~
11111
II
I ____
illI ____
v I ____ I ____ I ____ I____ I ____ I ____
II I ____
illI ____
v I ____ I ____ I ___ I ____ JI
L ____ I ____ I ____
Table 16.
Eight-Bit Representation of BCD Graphics in Simulated 1400 Storage for the
Model 30, and Buffer Areas for Models 30 and 40
r-------------------T-------------------T-------------------T-------------------,
I
WITH WORDMARK1..
I
WITHOUT WORDMARK 2 1
WITH WORDMARK1..
I
WI'l'HOUT WORDMARK 2 1
~-------------------+-------------------+-------------------+-------------------~
4567 1 012 3
•
I
I
I
I
!
tooooTooo~Too~oToo~~to~ooTo~o~To~~oTo~~~t~oooT~oo~T~o~oT~o~~t~~ooT~~o~T~~~oT~1111
r-----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----t----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----~
10000 I bi I +
I - I
I bi I + 1 - I
I? I ! I
I 0 I? I ! 1
I 0 I
~-----+----+----+----t----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----t----~
10001 1
I
I / I
I
I
1 /
I
I A 1 J I
I 1 I A 1 J I
1 1
I
~-----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----~
10010 I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I B 1 K I S I 2 I B 1 K I S I 2 I
I------+----+----+----t----+----+----+----+·----+----+----+----+----+----+----+---·-t----~
10011 I
1
I
I
I
I
I
I
I C I L I T I 3 I C I L ,T I 3 I
~-----+----+----+----+----t----+----t----t----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----t----~
10100 I
I
I
1
1
I
I
I
I DIM
I U I 4
I DIM 1 U I 4 I
~-----+----+----+----t----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----t----~
10101 I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I E I N I V I 5 I E I N I V I 5 I
~-----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----t----~
10110 I
I
I
I
1
I
I
I
I FlO I W I 6 I FlO I W I 6 I
~-----+----+----+----t----t----t----+----t----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----t----~
I 0111 I
I
I
I
1
I
1
I
I G I P I X I 7 I G I P I X I 7 I
~-----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----t----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----~
11000 I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I H I Q 1 y I 8 I H I Q I Y I 8 I
~-----+----t----+----+----+----t----t----t----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----~
11001 I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I I I R I Z I 9 I I I R I Z I 9 I
~-----+----+----+----+----+----+----t----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----t----~
11010 I
1
I
I D I
I
I
I D I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
1------+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----t----~
11011 I ·
I $ I, I # I· I $ I, I # I
1
I
1
I
I
I
I
I
~----+----t----+----+----+---+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----t----~
11100 I n
I * I % I @ I n I * I % I @ I
I
I
1
I
I
I
I
I
1------+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----~
11101 I [
I ] I,.. I : I [ I ] I,.. I : I
I
1
I
I
I
I
I
I
1------+----+----+----+---+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----~
11110 I < I ;
1"\ I > I < I ; 1"\ I > I
I
I
1
I
1
I
I
I
~-----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----t----~
11111 1* 1 t;..
1 -tfI- 1 v I * I t;.. I -tfI1 v
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
*
~----~----~----~----~----~----~----~----~----i----~----~
I
I
1..
2
*
____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____
~
~
~
~
~
R€presentation for odd-parity, 9-track tapes.
Representation for even-parity, 9-track tapes.
~
I
I
L____ ~---- __ --------------------------------------------______________________________ J
Appendix E: Character Conversion Tables
97
APPENDIX F:
MODEL 40 ADDRESS CONVERSION TABLE
An ar.ea of Model 40 Emulator-program
main storage from hexadecimal 4000 to 7FFFF
is reserved for simulated 1400 storage.
This area of 16,384 bytes provides 16
thousand 1400 character positions.
Because
of
addressing
differences
between the 1400 and System/360, consecutive 1400 addresses do not necessarily
to
consecutive
Systern/360
correspond
addresses. For example, data in 1400 locations 096, 097, and 098 are actually stored
98
in
System/360 bytes 0421E, 0421F, and
04618, respectively. The following address
conversion table will aid the user in
reading 1400 data and instructions as they
appear in a System/360 storage dump.
The
1400 addresses in decimal and their equivalent System/360 addresses in hexadecimal
are shown in the
table.
Only
even
addresses are shown: the equivalent System/
360 address of odd 1400 addresses is always
one greater than the previous even address.
I
1401 5/360
:J:o
'tj
'tj
I'D
::s
a.
I-J.
~
"Ij
00
3:
0
a.
1401 5/360
1401 5/360
1401 5/360
1401 5/360
1401 5/360
1401 5/360
1401 5/360
1401 5/360
1401 5/360
00
20
40
60
80
04000
04020
04040
04060
04208
02
22
42
62
82
04002
04022
04042
04062
0420A
04
24
44
64
84
04004
04024
04044
04064
0420C
06
26
46
66'
86
04006
04026
04046
04066
042ElE
08
28
48
68
88
04008
04028
04048
04068
04608
10
30
50
70
90
04010
04030
04050
04070
04218
12
32
52
72
92
04012
04032
04052
04072
042lA
14
34
54
74
94
04014
04034
04054
04074
0421C
16
36
56
76
96
04016
04036
04056
04076
0421E
18
38
58
78
98
04018
04038
04058
04078
04618
100
120
140
160
180
04100
04120
04140
04160
04308
102
122
142
162
182
04102
04122
04142
04162
0430A
104
124
144
164
184
04104
04124
04144
04164
0430C
106
126
146
166
186
04108
04126
04146
04166
0430E
108
128
148
168
188
04108
04128
04148
04168
04708
110
130
150
170
190
04110
04130
04150
04170
04318
112
132
152
172
192
04112
04132
04152
04172
0431A
114
134
154
174
194
04114
04134
04154
04174
0431C
116
136
156
176
196
04116
04136
04156
04176
0431E
118
138
158
178
198
04118
04138
04158
04178
04718
200
220
240
260
280
04200
04220
04240
04260
04228
202 04202
222 04222
;~42 04242
262 04262
282 0422A
204
224
244
264
284
04204
04224
04244
04264
0422C
206
226
246
266
286
04206
04226
04246
04266
0422E
208
228
248
268
288
0400A
0402A
0404A
0406A
04628
210
230
250
270
290
04210
04230
04250
04270
04238
212
232
252
272
292
04212
04232
04252
04272
0423A
214
234
254
274
294
04214
04234
04254
04274
0423C
216
236
256
276
296
04216
04236
04256
04276
0423E
218
238
258
278
298
040lA
0403A
0405A
0407A
04638
300
320
340
360
380
04300
04320
04340
04360
04328
302
322
342
362
382
04302
04322
04342
04362
0432A
304
324
344
364
384
04304
04324
04344
04364
0432C
306
326
346
366
386
04306
04326
04346
04366
0432E
308
328
348
368
388
0410A
0412A
0414A
0416A
04728
310
330
350
370
390
04310
04330
04350
04370
04338
312
332
352
372
392
04312
04332
04352
04372
0433A
314
334
354
374
394
043-14
04334
04354
04374
0433C
316
336
356
376
396
04316
04336
04356
04376
0433E
318
338
358
378
398
0411A
0413A
0415A
0417A
04738
400
420
440
460
480
04400
04420
04440
04460
04248
402
422
442
462
482
04402
04422
04442
04462
0424A
404
424
444
464
484
04404
04424
04444
04464
0424C
406
426
446
466
486
04406
04426
04446
04466
0424E
408
428
448
468
488
0400C
0402C
0404C
0406C
04648
410
430
450
470
490
04410
04430
04450
04470
04258
412
432
452
472
492
04412
04432
04452
04472
0425A
414
434
454
474
494
04414
04434
04454
04474
0425C
416
436
456
476
496
04416
04436
04456
04476
0425E
418
438
458
478
49.8
0401C
0403C
0405C
0407C
04658
500
520
540
560
580
04500
04520
04540
04560
04348
502
522
542
562
582
04502
04522
04542
04562
0434A
504
524
544
564
584
04504
04524
04544
04564
0434C
306
526
546
566
586
04506
04526
04546
04566
0434E
508
528
548
568
588
0410C
0412C
0414C
0416C
04748
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1416
1436
1456
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044B6
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1418
1438
1458
1478
1498
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0400C
040FC
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1500
1520
1540
1560
1580
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04sEO
043C8
1502
1522
1542
1562
1582
04582
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045C2
045E2
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1504
1524
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1564
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1506
1526
1546
1566
1586
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1508
1528
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1588
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1510
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1538
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1600
1620
1640
1660
1680
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1666
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1710
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1714
1734
1754
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04704
047F4
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1716
1736
1756
1776
1796
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047B6
04706
047F6
043FE
1718
1738
1758
1778
1798
0419E
041BE
0410E
041FE
047F8
1800
1820
1840
1860
1880
04488
044A8
044C8
044E8
0468C
1802
1822
1842
1862
1882
0448A
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1804
1824
1844
1864
1884
0448C
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1806
1826
1846
1866
1886
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046EC
1808
1828
1848
1868
1888
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0468E
1810
1830
1850
1870
1890
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044B8
04408
044F8
0469C
1812
1832
1852
1872
1892
0449A
044BA
0440A
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1814
1834
1854
1874
1894
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0440C
044FC
0460C
1816
1836
1856
1876
1896
0449E
044BE
0440E
044FE
046FC
1818
1838
1858
1878
1898
0469A
046BA
0460A
046FA
0469E
1900
1920
1940
1960
1980
04588
045A8
045C8
045E8
0478C
1902
1922
1942
1962
1982
0458A
045AA
045CA
045EA
Q47AC
1904
1924
1944
1964
1984
0458C
045AC
045CC
045EC
047CC
1906
1926
1946
1966
1986
0458E
045AE
045CE
045EE
047EC
1908
1928
1948
1968
1988
0478A
047AA
047CA
047EA
0478E
1910
1930
1950
1970
1990
04598
045B8
04508
045F8
0479C
1912
1932
1952
1972
1992
0459A
045BA
0450A
045FA
047BC
1914
1934
1954
1974
1994
0459C
045BC
0450C
045FC
0470C
1916
1936
1956
1976
1996
0459E
045BE
0450E
045FE
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1918
1938
1958
1978
1998
0479A
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0470A
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0479E
0
044E~
1401 S/360
1401 S/360
1401 S/360
1401 S/360
1401 S/360
1401 S/360
1401 S/360
1401 S/360
1401 S/360
1401 S/360
2000
2020
2040
2060
2080
04800
04820
04840
04860
04A08
2002
2022
2042
2062
2082
04802
04822
04842
04862
04AOA
2004
2024
2044
2064
2084
04804
04824
04844
04864
04AOC
2006
2026
2046
2066
2086
04806
04826
04846
04866
04~OE
2008
2028
2048
2068
2088
04808
04828
04848
04868
04E08
2010
2030
2050
2070
2090
04810
04830
04850
04870
04A 18
2012
2032
2052
2072
2092
04812
04832
04852
04872
04A1A
2014
2034
2054
2074
2094
04814
04834
04854
04874
04A1C
2016
2036
2056
2076
2096
04816
04836
04856
04876
04A1E
2018
2038
2058
2078
2098
04818
04838
04858
04878
04E18
2100
2120
2140
2160
2180
04900
04920
04940
04960
04B08
2102
2122
2142
2162
2182
04902
04922
04942
04962
04BOA
2104
2124
2144
2164
2184
04904
04924
04944
04964
04BOC
2106
2126
2146
2166
2186
04906
04926
04946
04966
04BOE
2108
2128
2148
2168
2188
04908
04928
04948
04968
04F08
2110
2130
2150
2170
2190
04910
04930
04950
04970
04B18
2112
2132
2152
2172
2192
04912
04932
04952
04972
04B1A
2114
2134
2154
2174
2194
04914
04934
04954
04974
04B1C
2116
2136
2156
2176
2196
04916
04936
04956
04976
04B1E
2118
2138
2158
2178
2198
04918
04938
04958
04978
04F18
2200
2220
2240
2260
2280
04AOO
04A20
04A40
04A60
04A28
2202
2222
2242
2262
2282
04A02
04A22
04A42
04A62
04A2A
2204
2224
2244
2264
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04A04
04A24
04A44
04A64
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2206
2226
2246
2266
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04A06
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2208
2228
2248
2268
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0482A
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2250
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04A50
04A70
04A38
2212
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2252
2272
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04A12
04A32
04A52
04A72
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2214
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2254
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04A14
04A34
04A54
04A74
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2216
2236
2256
2276
2296
04A 16
04A36
04A56
04A76
04A3E
2218
2238
2258
2278
2298
0481A
0483A
0485A
0487A
04E38
2300
2320
2340
2360
2380
04BOO
04B20
04B40
04B60
04B28
2302
2322
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04B62
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2304
2324
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04B04
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2306
2326
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2366
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04B06
04B26
04B46
04B66
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2328
2348
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2310
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04B30
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04B12
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04B14
04B34
04B54
04B74
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2316
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2356
2376
2396
04B16
04B36
04B56
04B76
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2318
2338
2358
2378
2398
0491A
0493A
0495A
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04F38
2400
2420
2440
2460
2480
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04C20
04C40
04C60
04A48
2402
2422
2442
2462
2482
04C02
04C22
04C42
04C62
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2404
2424
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2464
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04C04
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04A4C
2406
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04C06
2410
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2470
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04C10
04C30
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2412
2432
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2472
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04A5A
2414
2434
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2474
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11410
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12020
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12816
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12900
12920
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12902
12922
12942
12962
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12904
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0774e
12906
12926
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12966
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0756E
0776C
12908
12928
12948
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0772A
0774A
0776A
0770E
12910
12930
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12970
12990
07518
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07558
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12912
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12916
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0755E
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12918
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12958
12978
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13000
13020
13040
13060
13080
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13008
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13100
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13110
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13150
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13112
13132
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13172
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071B2
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13114
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0739C
13116
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13176
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13118
13138
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13200
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13260
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13202
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13208
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13210
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13214
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072B4
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13216
13236
13256
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072B6
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13218
13238
13258
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0709A
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076B8
13300
13320
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13360
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13302
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13364
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079C4
079E4
07B8C
15106
15126
15146
15166
15186
07986
079A6
079C6
079E6
07B8E
15108
15128
15148
15168
15188
07988
079A8
079C8
079E8
07F88
15110
15130
15150
15170
15190
07990
079BO
07900
079FO
07B98
15112
15132
15152
15172
15192
07992
079B2
07902
079F2
07B9A
15114
15134
15154
15174
15194
07994
079B4
07904
079F4
07B9C
15116
15136
15156
15176
15196
07996
079B6
07906
079F6
07B9E
15118
15138
15156
15178
15198
07998
079B8
07908
079F8
07F98
15200
15220
15240
15260
15280
07A80
07AAO
07ACO
07AEO
07AA8
15202
15222
15242
15262
15282
07A82
07AA2
07AC2
07AE2
07AAA
15204
15224
15244
15264
15284
07A84
07AA4
07AC4
07AE4
07AAC
15206
15226
15246
15266
15286
07A86
07AA6
07AC6
07AE6
07AAE
15208
15228
15248
15268
15288
0788A
078AA
078CA
078EA
07EA8
15210
15230
15250
15270
15290
07A90
07ABO
07ADO
07AFO
07AB8
15212
15232
15252
15272
15292
07A92
07AB2
07A02
07AF2
07ABA
15214
15234
15254
15274
15294
07A94
07AB4
07A04
07AF4
07ABC
15216
15236
15256
15276
15296
07A96
07AB6
07A06
07AF6
07ABE
15218
15238
15258
15278
15298
0789A
078BA
0780A
078FA
07EB8
15300
15320
15340
15360
15380
07B80
07BAO
07BCO
07BEO
07BA8
15302
15322
15342
15362
15382
07B82
07BA2
07BC2
07BE2
o7 BAA
15304
15324
15344
15364
15384
07B84
07BA4
07BC4
07BE4
07BAC
15306
15326
15346
15366
15386
07B85
07BA6
07BC6
07BE6
07BAE
15308
15328
15348
15368
15388
0798A
079AA
079CA
079EA
07FA8
15310
15330
15350
15370
15390
07B90
07BBO
07BOO
07BFO
07BB8
15312
15332
15352
15372
15392
07B92
07BB2
07B02
07BF2
07BBA
15314
15334
15354
15374
15394
07B94
07BB4
07B04
07BF4
07BBC
15316
15336
15356
15376
15396
07B96
07BB6
07B06
07BF6
07BBE
15318
15338
15358
15378
15398
0799A
079BA
0790A
079FA
07FB8
15400
15420
15440
15460
15480
07C80
07CAO
07CCO
07CEO
07AC8
15402
15422
15442
15462
15482
07C82
07CA2
07CC2
07CE2
07ACA
15404
15424
15444
15464
15484
07C84
07CA4
07CC4
07CE4
07ACC
15406
15426
15446
15466
15486
07C86
07CA6
07CC6
07CE6
07ACE
15408
15428
15448
15468
15488
0788C
078AC
078CC
078EC
07EC8
15410
15430
15450
15470
15490
07C90
07CBO
07COO
07CFO
07A08
15412
15432
15452
15472
15492
07C92
07CB2
07C02
07CF2
07AOA
15414
15434
15454
15474
15494
07C94
07CB4
07C04
07CF4
07AOC
15416
15436
15456
15476
15496
07C96
07CB6
07C06
07CF6
07ADE
15418
15438
15458
15478
15498
0789C
078BC
0780C
078FC
07E08
15500
15520
15540
15560
15580
07080
070AO
070CO
07DEO
07BC8
15502
15522
15542
15562
15582
07082
070A2
070C2
070E2
07BCA
15504
15524
15544
15564
15584
07084
070A4
070C4
070E4
07BCC
15506
15526
15546
15566
15586
07086
070A6
070C6
07DE6
07BCE
15508
15528
15548
15568
15588
0798C
079AC
079CC
079EC
07FC8
15510
15530
15550
15570
15590
07090
070BO
07000
070FO
07B08
15512
15532
15552
15572
15592
07092
070B2
07002
070F2
07BOA
15514
15534
15554
15574
15594
07094
070B4
07004
070F4
07BOC
15516
15536
15556
15576
15596
07096
070B6
07DD6
070F6
07BOE
15518
15538
15558
15578
15598
0799C
079BC
0790C
079FC
07FD8
15600
15620
15640
15660
15680
07E80
07EAO
07ECO
07EEO
07AE8
15602
15622
15642
15662
15682
07E82
07EA2
07EC2
07EE2
07AEA
15604
15624
15644
15664
15684
07E84
07EA4
07EC4
07EE4
07AEC
15606
15626
15646
15666
15686
07E86
07EA6
07EC6
07EE6
07AEE
15608
15628
15648
15668
15688
0788E
078AE
078CE
078EE
07EE8
15610
15630
15650
15670
15690
07E90
07EBO
07EOO
07EFO
07AF8
15612
15632
15652
15672
15692
07E92
07EB2
07E02
07EF2
07AFA
15614
15634
15654
15674
15694
07E94
07EB4
07E04
07EF4
07AFC
15616
15636
15656
15676
15696
07E96
07EB6
07E06
07EF6
07AFE
15618
15638
15658
15678
15698
0789E
078BE
078DE
078FE
07EF8
15700
15720
15740
15760
15780
07F80
07FAO
07FCO
07FEO
07BE8
15702
15722
15742
15762
15782
07F82
07FA2
07FC2
07FE2
07BEA
15704
15724
15744
15764
15784
07F84
07FA4
07FC4
07FE4
07BEC
15706
15726
15746
15766
15786
07F86
07FA6
07FC6
07FE6
07BEE
15708
15728
15748
15768
15788
0798E
079AE
079CE
079EE
07FE8
15710
15730
15750
15770
15790
07F90
07FBO
07FOO
07FFO
07BF8
15712
15732
15752
15772
15792
07F92
07FB2
07F02
07FF2
07BFA
15714
15734
15754
15774
15794
07F94
07FB4
07FD4
07FF4
07BFC
15716
15736
15756
15776
15796
07F96
07FB6
07FD6
07FF6
07BFE
15718
15738
15758
15778
15798
0799E
079BE
0790E
079FE
07FF8
15800
15820
15840
15860
15880
07C88
07CA8
07CC8
07CE8
07E8C
15802
15822
15842
15862
15882
07C8A
07CAA
07CCA
07CEA
07EAC
15804
15824
15844
15864
15884
07C8C
07CAC
07CCC
07CEC
07ECC
15806
15826
15846
15866
15886
07C8E
07CAE
07CCE
07CEE
07EEC
15808
15828
15848
15868
15888
07E8A
07EAA
07ECA
07EEA
07E8E
15810
15830
15850
15870
15890
07C98
07CB8
07C08
07CF8
07E9C
15812
15832
15852
15872
15892
07C9A
07CBA
07COA
07CFA
07EBC
15814
15834
15854
15874
15894
07C9C
07CBC
07COC
07CFC
07EOC
15816
15836
15856
15876
15896
07C9E
07CBE
07COE
07CFE
07EFC
15818
15838
15858
15878
15898
07E9A
07EBA
07EOA
07EFA
07E9E
15900
15920
15940
15960
15980
07088
070A8
070C8
070E8
07F8C
15902
15922
15942
15962
15982
0708A
07DAA
070CA
070EA
07FAC
15904
15924
15944
15964
15984
0708C
070AC
070CC
070EC
07FCC
15906
15926
15946
15966
15986
0708E
070AE
07DCE
070EE
07FEC
15908
15928
15948
15968
15988
07F8A
07FAA
07FCA
07FEA
07F8E
15910
15930
15950
15970
15990
07098
070B8
07008
07DF8
07F9C
15912
15932
15952
15972
15992
0709A
070BA
070DA
070FA
07FBC
15914
15934
15954
15974
15994
0709C
070BC
0700C
07DFC
07FOC
15916
15936
15956
15976
15996
0709E
07DBE
070DE
07DFE
07FFC
15918
15938
15958
15978
15998
07F9A
07FBA
07FOA
07FFA
07F9E
APPENDIX G:
The total storage requirement of the
Model 30 is the sum of the following:
1.
Size of the user's DOS/360 supervisor
2.
size of the
simulated
3.
Amount of storage reserved for multiprogramming (value assigned to the
symbolic parameter MPGMBLK times 2048)
4.
storage
reserved
for
Amount
of
I/O
buffers
(value
magnetic-tape
assigned to the symbolic parameter
BUFSIZE)
5.
Size of the generated Emulator Program
1400
system
to
be
Requirements
(1) through (4)
can be
easily
determined.
The
size of the
generated Emulator Program,
requirement
(5),
can be estimated by using the list of
storage estimates in this appendix.
The storage estimates for parameters
listed more than once should be included
for each statement that is true.
Parameters that do not appear in the list do not
generate additional coding or have been
included in the fixed overhead figure.
Due
to the vast number of possible ways to
generate the Emulator Program, and since
certain parameters share routines or constants with other parameters, the values
obtained from the list should be used only
as a guide. A -trial- generation is the
only method of determining the exact amount
of storage required.
The following list
contains the estimates of bytes required
for the Emulator-Program generation:
Parameter
Fixed Overhead
CATALOG=YES
FETCH=YES
EOJAADR
EOJBADR
HALTS=.YES
TIMER=YES
SYSIO=ipl (use Table 17)
3550
770
305
20
20
310
150
Example:
If 1402 is to be simulated on a
2540 directly for card read and punch and
the 1403 output to disk is to be simulated
by assigning SYSLST to a 2311 extent, then
SYSIO=003. or a storage requirement of 330
bytes as shown in Table 17.
DISKDR=n
(n:t'O)
DISKDR=130n
1650
1650
CALCULATION OF MODEL 30 STORAGE REQUIREMENTS
DISKDR=1405
DVOL=YES
(for 1311 support)
DVOL=YES
(for 1405 or 1301 support)
SCAN=YES and SCAN360=NO
SCAN=YES and SCAN360=YES
TRACKOP=YES (not 1405)
TRACKOP=YES (1405)
VERIFY=YES
(not 1405)
VERIFY=YES
(1405)
SECTORS=n
620
1045
805
610
860
280
390
325
280
124n
TAPEDR=n (n*O)
TAPEMOD=MXEDPAR
TAPLDMD=YES
TAPERRS=LOG
TAPERRS=LST
TAPERRS=LOGCHAR
TAP ERRS=LSTCHAR
TAPEDR*O and/or DISKDR*O
1155
1185
240
920
910
695
685
350
RDR1400=1402
READRSS=YES
COLBINR=YES
RDR1400=1442
READRSS=YES
COLBINR=YES
550
200
1230
450
100
1530
PCH1400=1402 and
PUNCHSS=YES
COLBINP=YES
PCH140G=1402 and
PUNcHSS=YES
COLBINP=YES
PCH1400=1442 and
PUNCHSS=YES
COLBINP=YES
PCH1400=1442 and
PUNCHSS=YES
COLBINP=YES
PCH1400=1444 and
PUNCHSS=YES
COLBINP=YES
PCH1400=1444 and
PUNCHSS=YES
COLBINP=YES
PCH360=2540
PCH360=2520 or 1442
PCH360=2540
PCH360=2520 or 1442
PCH360=2540
PCH360=2520 or 1442
PTR1400=1403
PTR1400=1404
PTR1400=1443
CARRCTL=YES
PFR=YES or COM
COL51=YES
OSDUMP=YES and ERROPNG=NO
OSDUMP=YES and ERROPNG=YES
ERROPNG=YES and OSDUMP=NO
OSDISK=YES
OSTAPE=YES
OSDISK=YES and/or OSTAPE=YES
OSADDR=YES
OSALTER=YES
OSDSPLY=YES or nn
Appendix G: Calculation of Model 30 Storage Requirements
640
100
840
500
100
740
660
100
480
490
50
400
490
50
480
350
50
380
580
1100
450
550
270
100
810
840
860
780
660
100
80
50
75
115
Table 17.
70
480
360
2980
2980-100n
(where n=no. of
sectors and is less. than 30)
OSINQRY#NO and/or OSENTER=YES
280
OSINQRY#NO and/or OSDSPLY#NO
250
OSDSPLY#NO and/or OSENTER=YES
70
OSENTER=YES and/or OSALTER=YES and/or
OSADDR=YES and/or OSDSPLY=YES
165
OSDUMP=YES and/or OSDSPLY=YES and/or
OSALTER=YES and/or OSENTER=YES and/or
OSADDR=YES and/or OSTAPE=YES and/or
OSINQRY=YES and/or OSISK=YES
295
Model 30 SYSIO Storage Estimates
OSENTER=YES
OSINQRY=YES
OSINQRY=1400
OSINQRY=YES and DISKDR=O
OSINQRY=YES and DISKDR#O
r-------T-------T-------T-------T---------,
lip
I 1 = 0 I 1 = 1 I 1 = 2 I
1 = 3 I
b-------+-------+-------+-------+---------~
I
00
I
0
I
260
I
490
I
330
I
~-------+-------+-------+-------+---------~
I
01
I
260
I
520
I
750
I
600
I
b-------+-------+-------+-------+---------~
I
02
I
550
I
800
I 1030
I
880
I
~-------+-------+-------+-------+---------~
I
03
I
400
I
660
I
890
I
730
I
b-------+-------+-------+-------+---------i
I 10
I 140 I 400 I 630 I
470
I
~-------+-------+-------+-------+---------i
I
11
I
400
I
660
I
890
I
740
I
~-------+-------+-------+-------+---------i
I
12
I
690
I
940
I 1170
I
1020
I
~-------+-------+_------+-------+---------i
I
13
I
550
I
800
I 1030
I
880
I
~-------+-------+_------+-------+---------i
I
20
I
21
I
300
I
530
I
520
I
780
I
720
I
600
I
890
I
Sample Worksheet for
Storage Requirements
computing
~-------+-------+_------+-------+---------i
1.
DOS supervisor size
t-------+-------+_------+-------+---------~
2.
size of 1400 system being
simulated (1000 bytes per
I
22
I
840
t 1090
I 1010
I 1330
I
1170
I
I
~-------+-------+-------+-------+---------~
I
23
I
700
I
950
I 1180
I
1030
K)
I
b-------+-------+_------+-----+---------i
30
I
180 I 440 I 670 I
520
I
3.
Size of foreground area
(MPGBLK*2048)
4.
Tape I/O area
BUFSIZE value)
5.
Emulator-Program size
I
~-------+-------+-------+-------+---------i
I
31
I
450
I
700
I
930
I
780
I
~-------+-------+-------+-------+---------i
I
32
I
730
I
580
_____
I
990
I
840
__
I 1210
I
1060
I
~-------+-------+_------+-------+---------i
I
33
L-______
116
~
~
I _______
1090 I _________
920
JI
----~
~
(same
Total main storage required
as
Model
30
APPENDIX H:
CALCULATION OF MODEL 40 STORAGE REQUIREMENTS
The total storage requirement of the
Model 40 is the sum of the following:
2360
DISKDR=n
(n*O)
2360
DISKDR=130n
1045
OISKDR=1405
1100
DVOL=YES
(for 1311 support)
860
DVOL=YES
(for 1405 or 1301 support)
685
SCAN=YES and SCAN360=NO
1200
SCAN=YES and SCAN360=YES
350+(2980-100n)
TRACKOP=YES (not 1405)
(where n=sectors)
1360
TRACKOP=YES (1405)
(not 1405)
455
VERI FY=YES
(1405)
455
VERIFY=YES
148n
SECTORS=n
1.
The constant 16,384 (beginning of 1400
memory)
2.
Size of the
simulated
3.
Amount of storage reserved for magnetic tape and disk I/O buffers (value of
symbolic parameter BUFSIZE)
4.
Amount of storage reserved for multiprogramming (value assigned to the
symbolic parameter ~PGMBLK times 2048)
5.
1400
system
to
be
Size of the generated Emulator Program
Requirements (1) through (4) can easily
be determined. The size of the generated
Emulator Program, requirement (5), can be
estimat!d by uS1ng the list of storage
estimates in this appendix.
The storage estimates for parameters
listed more than once in the list should be
included for each statement that is true.
Parameters that do not appear in the list
do not generate additional coding or have
been included in the fixed overhead figure.
Due to the vast number of possible ways to
generate the Emulator Program, and since
certain parameters may share routines or
constants with other parameters, the values
obtained from the tables should be used
only as a guide. A "trial" generation is
the only method of determining the exact
amount of storage required. The following
list contains the estimates
of
bytes
required for the Emulator-Program generation:
Parameter
I Fixed
OVerhead
CATALOG=YES
FETCH=YES
EOJAADR=nnnnn
EOJBADR=nnnnn
HALTS=YES
TlMER=YES
SYSIO=ipl (use Table 18)
6850
790
200
20
20
600
150
Example: If 1402 is to be Simulated on a
2540 directly for card read and punch and
the 1403 output to disk is to be simulated
by assigning SYSLST to a 2311 extent, then
SYSIO=003, or a storage requirement of 330
bytes as shown in Table 18.
TAP EDR= n
(n*O)
TAPEMOD=MXEDPAR
TAPLDMD=YES
TAPERRS=LOG
TAPERRS=LST
TAPERRS=LOGCHAR
TAPERRS=LSTCHAR
TAPEDR*O and/or DISKDR*O
1830
920
250
940
990
700
725
350
RDR1400=1402
READRSS=YES
COLBINR=YES
RDR1400=1442
READRSS=YES
COLBINR=YES
680
200
1160
630
100
1440
PCH1400=1402 and
PUNCHSS=YES
COLBINP=YES
PCH1400=1402 and
PUNCHSS=YES
COLBINP=YES
PCH1400=1442 and
PUNCHSS=YES
COLBINP=YES
PCH1400=1442 and
PUNCHSS=YES
COLBINP=YES
PCH1400=1444 and
PUNCHSS=YES
COLBINP=YES
PCH1400=1444 and
PUNCHSS=YES
COLBINP=YES
PCH360=2540
PCH360=2520 or 1442
PCH360=2540
PCH360=2520 or 1442
PCH360=2540
PCH360=2520 or 1442
700
100
730
630
130
630
780
130
550
600
50
450
630
70
550
480
50
420
PTR1400=1403
PTR1400=1443
PTR1400=1404
CARRCTL=YES
PFR=YES or COM
COL 51=YES
580
480
1200
550
270
100
OSDUMP=YES and ERROPNG=NO
OSOUMP=YES and ERROPNG=YES
ERROPNG=YES and OSDUMP=NO
OSDISK=YES
OSTAPE=YES
OSDISK=YES and/or OSTAPE=YES
1120
1150
1170
770
665
100
Appendix H: Calculation Of Model 40 storage Requirements
117
Table 18.
Model 40 SYSIO Storage Estimates
lip I 1 = 0 I 1 = 1 I 1 = 2 I 1 = 3 I
~-------+-------+-------+-------+---------~
I 00
I
0 I 260 I 490 I
330
I
~-------+-------+-------+-------+---------i
I 01
I 260 I 520 I 750 I
600
I
~-------+-------+-------+-------+---------~
I 02
I 550 I 800 I 1030 I
880
I
~-------+-------+-------+-------+---------i
I 03
I 400 I 660 I 890 I
730
I
~-------+-------+-------+-------+---------~
I 10
I 140 I 400 I 630 I
470
I
~-------+-------+-------+-------+---------i
I 11
I 400 I 660 I 890 I
740
I
~------+-------+-------+-------+---------~
I 12
I 690 I 940 I 1170 I 1020
I
~-------+-------+-------+-------+---------~
I 13
I 550 I 800 I 1030 I
880
I
~-------+-------+-------+-------+---------i
I 20
I 300 I 520 I 720 I
600
I
~-------+-------+-------+-------+---------~
I 21
I 530 I 780 I 1010 I
890
I
~-------+-------+-------+-------+---------~
I 22
I 840 11090 11330 I 1170
I
~-------+-------+-------+-------+---------~
I 23
I 700 I 950 I 1180 I 1030
I
~------+-------+-------+-------+---------~
I 30
I 180 I 440 I 670 I
520
I
~-------+-------+-------+-------+---------~
I 31
I 450 I 700 I 930 I
780
I
~-------+-------+-------+-------+---------i
I 32
I 730 I 990 I 1210 I 1060
I
~-------+-------+-------+-------+---------~
I _______
33
I _______
580 iI-______
840 I _______
1090 I _________
920
L
JI
~
118
~
~
645
OSADDR=YES
OSALTER=YES
OSDSPLY=YES or nn
OSENTER=YES
OSINQRY=YES
OSINQRY=1400
OSINQRY=YES and DISKDR=O
OSINQRY=YES and DISKDR~O
r-------T-------T-------T-------T---------,
~~
125
935
815
2980
2980-100n
(where n = no. of
sectors and is less than 30)
OSENTER=YES and/or OSINQRY~NO
505
OSENTER=YES and/or OSALTER=YES and/or
515
OSADDR=YES and/or OSDSPLY=YES
sample Worksheet for
Storage Requirements
computing
1.
Use the constant 16,384
for the beginning of 1400
memory
2.
Size of 1400 system being
simulated (1024 bytes per
K)
3.
Tape I/O area
BUFSIZE) value
(same as
4.
Size of foreground
(MPGMBLK*2048)
5.
Emulator-program size
area
Total main storage required
Model 40
APPENDIX I:
Two sample programs are provided with
the 1401/1440/1460 Emulator Program for the
Models 30 and 40. One sample program is
used with an Emulator Program generated for
either a 1401 or a 1460 program. The other
sample program is used with an Emulator
Program generated for a 1440 program.
The
name used to catalog the sample programs in
the Source Statement Library is EU3SPRGM
for the Model 30, and EU4SPRGM for the
Model 40.
The sample programs are designed to:
• Read data from the card reader.
• Print the data on the printer.
• Punch the
punch.
• Read the
reader.
data into cards on the card
punched
cards
on
the
card
• Print the data from the punched cards
on the printer.
If the System/360 configuration includes a
tape unit, the sample program also reads
and writes on tape.
The sample programs consist of 1400
object programs and the source statements
as w~ll as the necessary DOS and Emulator
Program
control
cards
for execution.
Execution may be accomplished either with a
user-generated Emulator Program that has
been cataloged in the Core-Image Library,
or with the Emulator Program generated and
cataloged as described in this appendix.
The sample programs require a minimum system configuration of at least one 2311 disk
drive (the system residence volume), a card
reader/punch,
a
printer,
and a 1052
Printer-Keyboard. Optionally, the configuration may include a tape unit. The minimum
storage capacity required for the
sample program, using the Emulator Program
generated as described in this section, is
24K for the Model 30, and 32K for the Model
40.
GENERATING THE SAMPLE EMULATOR PROGRAM
The input required to generate
the
sample Emulator Program for use with either
the 1401 or 1460 sample program is shown in
Figure 10.
In card 004, the user must
specify EU30 for the Model 30, or EU40 for
the Model 40. All underscored parameters
in control cards 004 through 008 must be
tailored to the user's System/360 configuration. Table 8 can be used to select
model numbers for the punch, printer and
reader in control cards 004 and 005.
Control cards 006, 007, and 008 should be
omitted if the system configuration does
not include a tape drive. If the configuration includes a tape drive, "SYSnnn" in
control cards 007 and 008 must specify
valid DOS assigned
programmer
logical
units.
If other than standard assignments
are desired, a // ASSGN control card must
be provided for TAPE1. See paragraph on
"Execution of Sample Program."
The input required to generate
the
sample Emulator Program for use with the
1440 sample program is shown in Figure 11.
In card 004, the user must specify EU30 for
the Model 30, or EU40 for the Model 40.
All underscored parameters in control cards
004 through 008 must be tailored to the
user's System/360 configuration. Table 8
can be used to select model numbers for the
punch, printer, and reader in control cards
004 and 005. Control cards 006, 007, and
008 should be omitted if the system configuration does not include a tape drive. If
the configuration includes a tape drive,
"SYSnnn" in control cards 007, and 008 must
specify valid DOS assigned programmer logical units. If other than standard assign-
// JOB
EUJOBl
// OPTION LIST,DECK,XREF
// EXEC ASSEMBLY
EUSAMPL [EU301 PCH1400=1402,PCH360=nnnn,PTR1400=1403,PTR360=nnnn,
EU40J RDR1400=1402,RDR360=nnnn,SIZ1400=4,OSINQRY=1400,
BLKSIZ1=0081,BUFSIZE=0081,HALTS=YES,
TAPEDR=1,TAPE1=SYSnnn,TAPE2=SYSnnn,TAPE3=SYSnnn,
TAPE4=SYSnnn" TAPE5=SYSnnn, TAPE6=SYSnnn
END ACOMPOl
/*
/&
• Figure 10.
SAMPLE PROGRAMS
X
001
002
003
004
X
OOS
X
006
007
008
009
010
011
X
Emulator Program Generation for 1401/1460 Sample Program
Appendix I:
Sample Programs
119
// JOB
EUJOB2
// OPTION LIST,DECK,XREF
// EXEC ASSEMBLY
EUSAMP [EU3~ PCH1400=1442,PCH360=nnnn,PTR1400=1443,PTR360=nnnn,
EU4~ RDR1400=1442,RDR360=nnnn,SIZ1400=4,OSINQRY=1400,
BLKSIZ1=0081,BUFSIZE=0081,HALTS=YES,
TAPEDR=1,TAPE1=SYSnnn,TAPE2=SYSnnn,TAPE3=SYSnnn,
TAPE4=SYSnnn,TAPE5=SYSnnn,TAPE6=SYSnnn
END ACOMPOl
X
X
X
X
/*
/&
• Figure 11.
001
002
003
004
005
006
007
008
009
010
011
Emulator Program Generation for 1440 Sample Program
ments are desired, a // ASSGN control card
must be provided for TAPE1. See paragraph
on "Execution of the Sample Program."
where "euname" is the name of the generated
Emulator Program (i.e., EUSAMPL or EUSAMP),
and "nnn" is the size of the emulator
communications region (variable).
GENERATING A USER-WRITTEN EMULATOR PROGRAM
EXECUTION OF THE SAMPLE PROGRAM
If the sample programs are
to
be
executed with user-written Emulator Programs, several parameters must be included
in the users' Emulator program generation.
Far the 1401/1460 sample program, the parameters SIZ1400=4 (or larger) and OSINQRY=
1400 or YES must be included. For the 1440
sample program, the parameters SIZ1400=4
(or larger), PCH1400=1442, RDR1400=1442,
PTR1400=1443, and OSINQRY=1400 or YES must
be included. Optionally, if tape support
is desired, the necessary tape simulation
parameters must be included.
CATALOGING THE EMULATOR PROGRAM
The output of
the
Emulator-Program
generation 1S a punched card deck which
includes the necessary DOS control cards
and System/360 emulator object module to
catalog the Emulator Program in the CoreImage Library. The emulator object module~
which is punched out following the /& ~
control card, must be repositioned within
the card deck. The proper position for the
object module is marked by a punched card
"***REPLACE WITH OBJECT MODULE***".
Be
sure to remove this card when repositioning
the object deck.
The arrangement of the
cards for the catalog run is as follows:
// JOB CATALOG euname TO CORE IMAGE LIBRARY
// OPTION CATAL
PHASE euname,*
INCLUDE , (ACOMPOO)
PHASE eunameX,ACOMPOO+nnn (for Model 30)
or
PHASE eunameX,nnn (for Model 40)
INCLUDE , (ACOMP01)
INCLUDE
(Place emulator object module here)
/*
ENTRY EUENTRY
// EXEC LNKEDT
/&
120
Because the Emulator Program is executed
using a 1400 object deck, it is necessary
to retrieve the sample 1400 object programs
and the DOS and Emulator Program control
cards contained in the source statement
library. Both an object deck and a source
statement deck are punched out for both
sample programs. Only that object deck for
which the Emulator Program was generated
should be retained (either the 1401/1460
object program or the 1440 object program).
The following control cards are required to
punch out and display the sample programs.
// JOB PUNCH AND DISPLAY SAMPLE PROGRAMS
// EXEC SSERV
DSPCH Z.EU3SPRGM (for Model 30)
or
DSPCH Z.EU4SPRGM (for Model 40)
/*
/&
After obtaining the punch card output of
the sample programs, select the object deck
and control cards to be used with the
generated EmUlator Program..
The correct
card deck for the 1401/1460 sample program
is shown in Figure 12, while the correct
card deck for the 1440 sample program is
shown in Figure 13.
The DOS control cards provided with the
sample program are for use with either the
sample Emulator Program or with a userprepared Emulator Program. If the sample
program is for use with the sample Emulator
Program, perform the following operations.
• Discard the // ASSGN
configuration does not
if standard tape drive
made during DOS system
standard tape drive
not made, complete the
follows:
card if system
include tape, or
assignments were
generation.
If
assignments were
// ASSGN card as
// ASSGN SYSnnn,X'cuu'
where "nnn" is the programmer logical
unit assigned to the TAPE1=SYSnnn parameter during Emulator Program generation, and "cuu" is the device address
of the tape drive.
• Discard the // UPSI card.
• Key punch the name of the sample Emulator Program, (EUSAMPL for the 1401/1460
program and EUSAMP for the 1440 program) in the operand field of the
// EXEC card.
If the sample program is for use with a
user-prepared Emulator rrogram, perform the
following operations:
• Discard the // ASSGN card if the system
configuration does not include tape, or
if standard tape drive assignments were
made during DOS generation.
If standard tape drive assignments were not
made, complete the // ASSGN card as
follows:
// ASSGN SYSnnn,X'cuu'
where "nnn" is the programmer logical
unit assigned to the TAPE1=SYSnnn parameter during Emulator Program generation, and "cuu" is the device address
of the tape drive.
• Discard the // UPSI card if the system
configuration does not include tape, or
if the user's Emulator Program includes
the parameter HALTS=YES •
• Key punch the user's Emulator Program
name in the operand field of
the
/ / EXEC card.
Complete the preparations for executing the
sample program by placing a /* card at the
end of the sample program data cards.
Do
not include a /& card since the /* card
only indicates the end of a data file and
not the end of job. The sample program
provides a /& card for end of job.
During execution, the operator must perform several operator service functions. A
copy of SYSLOG, which includes operator
responses to the operator service functions, is shown in Figure 14.
A copy' of
the output data printed on SYSLST is shown
in Figure 15.
Appendix I:
Sample Programs
121
*
*
0001
0002
// JOB SAMPLE PROGRAM FOR THE EMULATOR PROGRAM
1401/1460
0003
// ASSGN SYSNNN,X'CUU'
SPECIFY 1400 TAPE 1 IF SYSTEM HAS TAPE
0004
// UPSI 01
0005
// EXEC
INSERT NAME OF EMULATOR PROGRAM
0006
// 1400 S1401.1,1",1~,T,00730
0007
,008015,022026,030034,041,045,053L0721001026
/0991,001/00111610 1
0008
L096116,105106,110110B101/199,027A099029<027B001100 B026
0009
,008015,022029,036040L071131,1041081001/080,001V00600611M217159,004174M BOOT0010
L070162,116117,124131,136140,1471481001M218M003S224005AV108005KM007220 LOAD0011
L069192,156170,174181,189001,0010011001M219000<000A223159B193219 B124
LOAD0012
L071224,197205,212216, 218219, 221224B100S219B174220 M124170B15607< 0011 LOAD0013
33353 /332 / / ,001101 B680 M%T0913W M%T0996W .001001 B483B B437A 1 MO 000410014
3865580280-2~C/08/04 B378U M080W80 ,408 A/114IO <408 A/13/04 B378-MW80 001510015
44154180 4-,438 A/11440 <438 A/13/06 C/04/06 B437/ B598 U%U1R B540A 1 M002610016
49555080280 2 M080813 M%U1734W B526L-B488 U%U1B U%U1E B502 U%U1M U%U1R 003910017
55054 M%U1734R B572L B593K B58I U%U18 B550 M813180 4 8550 U%U1U M/1418 004910018
604550 M180179-M/16102 4 M/18102 4 M/14180-M180179-4-M%TO-22W .002002 B006010019
65951680 1 M080280 2 B709A B662 H708 F1 /280 M912307-FT 2 /307 / BOOO-F007110020
71024K /280 M/02224 2 .999999 B723 - - - - - 008610021
81401_1
~
- 009210022
81564 SAMPLE PROGRAM FOR THE 1401/1440/1460 EMULATOR PROGRAM UNDER DO 009310023
879648
IF SYSTEM HAS A TAPE MOUNT SCR 009410024
94363ATCH ON TAPE UNIT 1, TURN ON SSW B-AND RESPOND START I IF NO TAPE 009610025
0663~ RESPOND START_I_PLACE CARDS THAT WERE PUNCHED IN READER AND RES 009810026
6950POND START_I_SAMPLE PROGRAM COMPLETE_00_00_20_080_01 __/*_/&
010010027
00608 /333080
011110028
001 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789 1401/1440/1460 SAMPLE PROGRAM
0029
002 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789 1401/1440/1460 SAMPLE PROGRAM
0030
003 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789 1401/1440/1460 SAMPLE PROGRAM
0031
004 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789 1401/1440/1460 SAMPLE PROGRAM
0032
005 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789 1401/1440/1460 SAMPLE PROGRAM
0033
006 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789 1401/1440/1460 SAMPLE PROGRAM
0034
007 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789 1401/1440/1460 SAMPLE PROGRAM
0035
008 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789 1401/1440/1460 SAMPLE PROGRAM
0036
009 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789 1401/1440/1460 SAMPLE PROGRAM
0037
010 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789 1401/1440/1460 SAMPLE PROGRAM
0038
011 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789 1401/1440/1460 SAMPLE PROGRAM
0039
012 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789 1401/1440/1460 SAMPLE PROGRAM
0040
013 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789 1401/1440/1460 SAMPLE PROGRAM
0041
014 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789 1401/1440/1460 SAMPLE PROGRAM
0042
015 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789 1401/1440/1460 SAMPLE PROGRAM
0043
016 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789 1401/1440/1460 SAMPLE PROGRAM
0044
017 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789 1401/1440/1460 SAMPLE PROGRAM
0045
018 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789 1401/1440/1460 SAMPLE PROGRAM
0046
019 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789 1401/1440/1460 SAMPLE PROGRAM
0047
020 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789 1401/1440/1460 SAMPLE PROGRAM
0048
*
0049
*
0050
*
USER MUST SUPPLY /* CARD
0051
Figure 12.
122
Control Cards,
1~00
Object Deck, and Data for 1401/1460 Sample Program
*
0052
*
0053
// JOB 1440 SAMPLE PROGRAM FOR THE EMULATOR PROGRAM
0054
// ASSGN SYSNNN.X·CUU·
SPECIFY 1400 TAPE 1 IF SYSTEM HAS TAPE
0055
// UPSI 01
0056
// EXEC
INSERT NAME OF EMULATOR PROGRAM
0057
// 1400 S1440.1,l,,1.1.,T,01222
0058
,008015.022029,036058L070086.043087,050075,083054S058B0751M%Gl001RBOOl BOOT0061
<054050<058043L071231.231040B075
B131S226B181227 M131177B16307< 0011 LOAD0062
L072195,188181,177170.200204,212219B075M007227M226000<000A230166B200226 LOAD0063
L071162,155154,147143,139138"223225B075, 004181MM225MOO 3S231005AV100005K-LOAD0064
L070130,124120,112108.226226,228228Bl08V0060061/073M%G1001R,001M224166 LOAD0065
41301_1
000410066
00609 ,333 Bl08
000610067
49401:1
000610068
00609 ~414 Bl08
000810069
57501:1
000810070
00609 ,495 Bl08
000810071
72101:1
001110072
72256 B/41 M%TOT24W M%TOU08W .001001 B892B B827A M%G1333R M412680 M%Yl 001210073
77855601W Cv12V08 B754U M412W80 ,798-AV15800 <798 AV17V08-B754 B/72 M% 002010074
83356G1414G MW80493 M%G1414G ,840 AV15842 <840 AvI7Vl0 CV08Vl0-B839/ B 003110075
88957 40 U%U1R B963A M%G1333R M412680 M%yI601W-M412574-M%U1495W B949L B004110076
94655897-U%U1B-U%U1E-B925 U%UIM U%U1R-B/72 M%G1414G M%U1495R B 07L B 3 005010077
01555K B 16 UiU1B B985 M574493-M%G1414G B985 U%U1R-B/72 MV19415 M%G14 006010078
565614G B/72 MV21415 M%G1414G B/72 M%G1414G M%TOU56W .002002 B/41 M%G 007010079
/12551333R M412680 M%Y1601W B/94A B/09 H/71 Pl MT23691 FT M%Y1601W-/69 007910080
/67551 BOOOH/93 MV22493 M493492 BOOO PK /680 MU55624 M%yI601W .999999 008910081
S2263 eS15 ~ SAMPLE PROGRAM FOR THE 1401/1440/1460 EMULATOR PROGRAM UN 009910082
S8564DER DOS
IF SYSTEM HAS A TAPE, MOU 010210083
T4962NT SCRATCH ON TAPE_ UNIT 1., TURN ON SSW-B AND RESPOND START_I_IF 010410084
Ul162NO TAPE RESPOND START 1 SAMPLE PROGRAM COMPLETE PLACE CARDS JUST 010610085
U7350PCHED IN READER AND RESPOND START_I_00_00_20_080_01_/*_/&_
010810086
00605 B722
011910087
001 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789 1401/1440/1460 SAMPLE PROGRAM
0088
002 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789 1401/1440/1460 SAMPLE PROGRAM
0089
003 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789 1401/1440/1460 SAMPLE PROGRAM
0090
004 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789 1401/1440/1460 SAMPLE PROGRAM
0091
005 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789 1401/1440/1460 SAMPLE PROGRAM
0092
006 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789 1401/1440/1460 SAMPLE PROGRAM
0093
007 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789 1401/1440/1460 SAMPLE PROGRAM
0094
008 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789 1401/1440/1460 SAMPLE PROGRAM
0095
009 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789 1401/1440/1460 SAMPLE PROGRAM
0096
010 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789 1401/1440/1460 SAMPLE PROGRAM
0097
011 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789 1401/1440/1460 SAMPLE PROGRAM
0098
012 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789 1401/1440/1460 SAMPLE PROGRAM
0099
013 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789 1401/1440/1460 SAMPLE PROGRAM
0100
014 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789 1401/1440/1460 SAMPLE PROGRAM
0101
015 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789 1401/1440/1460 SAMPLE PROGRAM
0102
016 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789 1401/1440/1460 SAMPLE PROGRAM
0103
017 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789 1401/14~0/1460 SAMPLE PROGRAM
0104
018 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789 1401/1440/1460 SAMPLE PROGRAM
0105
019 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789 1401/1440/1460 SAMPLE PROGRAM
0106
020 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPORSTUVWXYZ0123456789 1401/1440/1460 SAMPLE PROGRAM
0107
*
0108
*
USER MUST SUPPLY /* CARD
0109
Figure 13.
Control Cards, 1400 Object Deck, and Data for 1440 Sample Program
Appendix I:
Sample Programs
123
BG II JOB EUJOBI
BG II OPTION LIST,DECK,XREF
BG II EXEC ASSEMBLY
BG EOJ EUJOBI
(a)
Generating the Emulator Program
BG II JOB CATALOG EUSAMPL TO CORE IMAGE LIBRARY
BF II OPTION CATAL
BG
PHASE EUSAMPL,~
BG
INCLUDE ,(ACOMPOO)
BG
PHASE EUSAMPLX,ACOMPOO+456
BG
INCLUDE ,(ACOMPOl)
BG
INCLUDE
BG
ENTRY EUENTRY
BG II EXEC LNKEDT
BG EOJ CATALOG
(b)
Cataloging the Emulator Program
BG II JOB PUNCH AND DISPLAY SAMPLE PROGRAMS
BG II EXEC SSERV
BG EOJ PUNCH
(c)
Retrieving the Sample Program
BG II JOB SAMPLE PROGRAM FOR THE EMULATOR PROGRAM
1401/1460
BG II EXEC EUSAMPL
BG II 1400 Sl40l,I,1",1"T,00730
BG EC30I BEGIN S1401
BG IF SYSTEM HAS A TAPE MOUNT SCRATCH ON TAPE UNIT 1, TURN ON SSW B
AND RESPOND START
BG IF NO TAPE, RESPOND START
BG EC80I 1400 STATUS:
1=00373; A=OOOOI; B=OOOOI INSTN BLOCK=.00100IB
BG EC821 HALT
BG EC40D TYPE IN FUNCTION
BG switch
BG EC461 S-SW ON =
BG EC45D TYPE S-SW
BG b
BG EC461 S-SW ON = B
BG EC40D TYPE IN FUNCTION
BG start
BG PLACE CARDS THAT WERE PUNCHED IN READER AND RESPOND START
BG EC80I 1400 STATUS:
1=00658; A=00002; B=00002 INSTN BLOCK=.002002B
BG EC82I HALT
BG EC40D TYPE IN FUNCTION
BG start
BG EC31I EOJ
S1401
BG EOJ SAMPLE
(d)
Figure 14.
124
Executing the Sample Program
SYSLOG Output for Sample Program
SAMPLE PROGRAM FOR THE 1401/1440/1460 EMULATOR PROGRAM UNDER DOs
001
002
003
004
005
006
007
008
0.09
010
011
012
013
014
015
016
017
018
019
020
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVwXYZ0123456789
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVwXYZ0123456789
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789
1401/1440/1460
1401/1440/1460
1401/1440/1460
1401/1440/1460
1401/1440/1460
1401/1440/1460
1401/1440/1460
1401/1440/1460
1401/1440/1460
1401/1440/1460
1401/1440/1460
1401/1440/1460
1401/1440/1460
1401/1440/1460
1401/1440/1460
1401/1440/1460
1401/1440/1460
1401/1440/1460
140.1/1440/1460
1401/1440/1460
SAMPLE
SAMPLE
SAMPLE
SAMPLE
SAMPLE
SAMPLE
SAMPLE
SAMPLE
SAMPLE
SAMPLE
SAMPLE
SAl-'lPLE
SAMPLE
SAlVlPLE
SAMPLE
SAMPLE
SAMPLE
SAlViPLE
SAMPLE
SAMPLE
PROGRAM
PROGRAM
PROGRAM
PROGRAM
PROGRAM
PROGRAM
PROGRAIvl
PROGRAM
PROGRAM
PROGRAM
PROGRAM
PROGRAtvl
PROGRAM
PROGRAM
PROGRAtvl
PROGRAM
PROGRAM
PROGRAM
PROGRAM
PROGRAM
SAMPLE PROGRAM FOR THE 1401/1440/1460 EIvlULATOR PROGRAM UNDER DOS
ooi
002
003
004
005
006
007
008
009
010
011
012
013
014
015
016
017
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019
020
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789
1401/1440/1460
1401/1440/1460
1401/1440/1460
1401/1440/1460
1401/1440/1460
1401/1440/1460
1401/1440/1460
1401/1440/1460
1401/1440/1460
1401/1440/1460
1401/1440/1460
1401/1440/1460
1401/1440/1460
1401/1440/1460
1401/1440/1460
1401/1440/1460
1401/1440/1460
1401/1440/1460
1401/1440/1460
1401/1440/1460
$ Af-'lPLE PROGRAM
SAMPLE
SAlwlPLE
SAMPLE
SAt'lPLE
SAMPLE
SAMPLE
SAMPLE
SAIvlPLE
SAt-'lPLE
SAt'lPLE
SAt'iPLE
SAIvlPL£
SAMPLE
SAl'lPLE
SAMPLE
SAMPLE
SAt-'lPLL
SAMPLE
SAMPLE
PROGRAM
PROGRAM
PROGRAM
PROGRAM
PROGRAM
PROGRAM
PROGRAM
PROGRAM
PROGRAM
PROGRAM
PROGRAM
PROGRAM
PROGRAM
PROGRAiYl
PROGRAM
PROGRAM
PRUGRAM
PROGRAM
PROGRAM
SAMPLE PROGRAM COMPLETE
Figure 15.
SYSLST Output for Sample Program
Appendix I:
Sample Programs
125
APPENDI4 J:
EMULATOR PROGRAM CONSIDERATIONS FOR MODEL 25
This appendix describes the programming
restrictions and considerations applicable
to Model 25 users utilizing the 1401/1440/
1460 Emulator Program for Compatibility
Support/30 to execute 1401, 1440, or 1460
object programs under control of the Disk
Operating System (DOS).
Unless otherwise
noted
in
this
appendix,
discussions
throughout this publication of the 1401/
1440/1460 Emulator Program for the Model 30
apply to the Model 25.
MIN~MpM
system
configuration
is
• Whatever
required for operation of the user's
Disk Operating System.
Note:
One 2400-Series Magnetic Tape Unit
(7- or 9-track) may be substituted for this
device.
(If SYSIPT, SYSPCH, and/or SYSLST
are assigned to 7-track tape units, the
Data Conversion Feature is required.)
SYSTEM CONFIGURATION
INPUT/OUTPUT DEVICES
The following features are required for
a minimum Model 25 configuration for the
1401/1440/1460 Emulator Program under DOS:
• System/360 Model 25 with a 2025 Processing Unit containing at least 24,576
(24K) bytes of program storage.
The Emulator Program under DOS can request
I/O operations on the following
System/360 devices:
• 1442 Card Read Punch
• 1400
Series
Compatibility
Feature
(#4440) and 1401/1440/1460 DOS Compatibility Feature (#A004).
• 2501 Card Reader
• Storage Protection Feature (#7520)
Multiprogramming.
• 2540 Card Read Punch
for
• 2520 Card Read Punch
• 1403 Printer
• One card reader (1442, 2520, or 2540)
(see Note)
• One card punch (1443,
(see Note)
2520,
or
• 1404 Printer (for continuous-forms
cut-card operations)
2540)
• 1443 Printer
• One printer (1403, 1404, or 1443) (see
Note)
• 1052 Printer Keyboard
communications)
• One 1052 Printer-Keyboard
• 2311 Model 1 Disk Storage Drive
• Integrated 2311 Attachment (#4598) for
attaching up to four 2311 Model 1 Disk
Storage Drives,... includes File Scan
capability.
• 2401 or 2415 Magnetic Tape Units
• One 2311 Model 1 Disk Storage Drive for
DOS System Residence •
• Table 19.
or
(for
operator
The input/output
device
correspondence
between a 1401, 1440, or 1460, and a
System/360 Model 25 is as shown in Table 1
with the differences shown in Table 19.
Differences in Input/Output Device Correspondence for Model 25
r------------------------------------------T--------------------------------------------,
I
1401/1440/1460 I/O Device
I
System/360 I/O Device
I
~--------------------------~--------------+--------------------------------------------~
I IBM 729, 7330, or 7335 Magnetic Tape
I Unit
I IBM 2401 Magnetic Tape Unit, or 2415
I Magnetic Tape Unit and Control
I
I
~------------------------------------------+------------------~-----------------------~1
I IBM 1311 Disk storage Drive or 1405
I IBM 2311 Model 1 Disk Storage Drive
I
I Model 1 Disk storage*
I
I
~------------------------------------------~--------------------------------------------~
I *IBM 1301 Disk storages, and 1405 Model 2 Disk storages are not supported
I
L____ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -_____________________________ J
126
• Table 20.
Input/Output Feature Correspondence for Model 25
r------------------------------------------T--------------------------------------------,
I
1401/1440/1460 I/O Feature
I
Model 25 I/O Feature
I
~------------------------------------------f--------------------------------------------~
I IBM Punch Feed Read (#5890): and Punch
I
I Feed Read Control (#5895) on Integrated
I
I 2540 Attachment (#4595) on the 2025, or
I
I
I on the 2821 Control Unit
~-------------------------------------------f--------------------------------------------~
I IBM Column Binary FeatUre (#1990), or
I Standard for 2540 on Integrated 2540
I
I
I Attachment (#4595)
I
I IBM Binary Transfer Feature (#1468), or I On Multiplexor Channel (#5248) or Selector I
I IBM card Image Features (#1531 and
I Channel (#6960):
I
I #9035)
I
IBM Column Binary Feature (#1990 on the I
2821 Control Unit if 2540, or
I
I
I
IBM Card Image Feature (#1531) if 2501
I
I
I
or 2520, or
I
I
I
IBM Card Image Feature (#1532) if 1442
I
I
I
~--------.----------------------------------+--------------------------------------------~
I IBM 1402 51-Column Interchangeable Read I IBM 2540 51-Column Interchangeable Read
I
I Feed (#4150) and Feed Adapter (#1013)
I Feed (#4151)*
I
~------~-----------------------------------+--------------------------------------------~
IBM 1403 Preferred Character Set (#5523) I IBM 1403 Multiple Character Set Feature**
and Adapter (#5524)
. (#5110) on Model 2, Model 25 Adapter
IBM 1416 Interchangeable Train Cartridge
(#9725), and Interchangeable Chain
equipped with Preferred Character Set
cartridge Adapter (#4740) when attached
Print Chain
via Integrated 1403 Attachment (#4590)
with Multiple Character Set Adapter
(#5100) on the 2025: or
IBM 1403 Universal Character Set** for
Model 2 (#8641) or Model N1 (#8640) with
prerequisite Interchangeable Train
Cartridge Adapter or Interchangeable
Train Cartridge, and appropriate
Universal Character Set Adapter for the
2821 Control Unit
~------~-----------------------------------+--------------------------------------------.~
I IBM Scan Disk (#6396)
I Standard for 2311 on Integrated 2311
I
I
I Attachment (#4595)
I
I IBM 1402 Punch Feed Read and Control
I Unit (#5890 and #5895)
I
I
~------..,..-----------------------------------.l.------------
________________________________
.~
I *When this feature is installed, reading speed is permanently reduced from 1000 cpm I
I
to 800 cpm.
I
I
I
I **With this feature, printing speed is dependent upon the number of characters in the I
I ____character
set and whether unprintable characters are included in the print line.
L
________________________________________________________________________________
JI
~_~
ADDITIQNAL FEATURES SUPPORTED
Additional System/360 features supported
Prog~am under DOS are:
by the Emulator
• Timer Feature
• Either Multiple~or Channel (#5248), or
Selector Channel (#6960). The two are
mutually exclusive.
• Tape Switching Unit (2816)
• Universal Character Set
• Multiple Character Set
The
input/output feature correspondence
between a 1401, 1440, or 1460 system and a
System/360 Model 25 is given in Table 20.
Appendix J:
The Model 30 Emulator Program under DOS
when run on the Model 25 provides support
for all 1401, 1440, and 1460 standard
operations and instructions, plus the following special features (for those items
followed by an asterisk, refer to the
Input/Output Feature Correspondence List):
Advanced Programming for the 1401
Bit Test
Column Binary*
Expanded Print Edit
51-Column Interchangeable Read Feed*
High-Low-Equal Compare
Multiply-Divide
Print Storage
Additional Print Control
Punch Feed Read
Space Suppression
Sense Switches
Emulator Program Considerations for Model 25
127
Scan Disk*
• Table 21. Example of Field Lengths AffectDirect Seek for the 1311
ing MICR Devices OR Model 25
Track Record for the 1311
r-----------------------T-----------------,
Binary Transfer for the 1460*
I
I
Delay
I
Indexing and Store Address Register for
~-----------------------+--------T--------~
the 1460
I
1400 Instructions
I
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