Digital__Interchange_Format_Presentations_Jul86 Digital Interchange Format Presentations Jul86
Digital__Interchange_Format_Presentations_Jul86 Digital__Interchange_Format_Presentations_Jul86
User Manual: Digital__Interchange_Format_Presentations_Jul86
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SERIES OF TECHNICAL PRESENTATIONS RELATING TO THE
DIGITAL DOCUMENT INTERCHANGE FORMAT
BABBAGE AUDITORIUM, SPIT BROOK ROAD FACILITY
JULY 9, 10, 11
Vednesday July 9
9:30
Review of DDIF status
Review/update of agenda
10:00
Introduction to DDIF
Bob Travis
DDIF has been under development at Digital for over a
year, and forms the basis for at two current document
processing development efforts.
This introductory
presentation will describe DDIF's syntax and semantics.
11:30
lunch break
13:00
DDIF/DDIS VMS RTL-Access
-
Bill Laurune
Two utility packages will be d€ ribed. The first
package provides low level access .0 DDIS TLV-encoded
data.
The subroutines will prov Ie basic encoding
functions (such as length field cons ruction) and syntax
checking based on dynamically loaded syntax tables.
The second routine package is DDIF specific, and
provides the service of maintaining the current context
of DDIF segment attributes.
The DDIS access routine package is scheduled
submission to the VAX/VMS Run-Time Library in VS.O.
DDIF access routines are not currently scheduled for
submission,
but
will
be available
for by
applicatiobs.
14:20
coffee break
14:40
VPSPLUS/DECPAGE logical access
for
The
RTL
DEC
Bruce Taylor
The Logical Access Layer (LAL) is planned as a
functional interface to DDIF documents. It provides
primitives for data editing, hierarchical navigation,
searching and attribute resolution.
For each open
document,
the
LAL maintains a tree representing
structure and content. If the document is large, not all
of this data is represented explicitly at a given time;
but from the caller's point of view, the entire document
appears to be "in memory".
This talk will describe a high-level design for the LAL
and its internal data structures, together with two
related components: the Cache Manager, which controls
paging of the data structure; and the Physical Access
Layer, which converts between the internal format and
DDIF.
16:00
DDIS Character Sets
Tom Hastings
DDIS is the basic data syntax upon which DDIF is based.
It defines the encoding of all binary and character
items. Fundamental to any DDIF application are the text
character
sets;
DDIS defines both 8- and 16-bit
character set encodings. This session will describe the
on-going process to define these character sets, and the
pending issues surrounding them.
17:00
end of day
Thursday July 10
9:30
Status of s~andards in computer
graphics & documents
Dr. J. Schonhut
et ale
Under the auspices of an extern?' research grant,
Fraunhofer-Gesellshaft and the Tee ical University at
Darmstadt
researchers
have
en
doing
some
investigations into the application f DDIF to existing
and future graphics applications.
All of today's
sessions
are
related to various aspects of that
research, and will be presented by Dr. Jurgen Schonhut
and
some
of
his
associates
from
the
Fraunhofer-Gesellshaft.
Schonhut et ale
10:30
Compatibility of graphics
stds: PHIGS, GKS, etc.
11:30
lunch
13:00
PDe: A device independent graphics
interface to DDIF/LAL
Paul Vong
14:00
Interfaces and data formats
for transfer and communications
iq computer graphics systems
Schonhut et ale
15:00
coffee break
15:20
text models in computer graphics,
Videotex and documents
Schonhut et ale
16:00
Comparison of DDIF, SGML, ODA/ODIF
Schonhut et ale
17:00
end of day
br~a~
Friday July 11
9:30
Role of DDIF in the
Compound Document Processing Strategy
Jim Kapadia
10:30
SLIDEX: an example for
integration of text and graphics
Schonhut et ale
11:30
end of seminar
SLIDe 5
CURRENT DDIF STATUS:
"24-0CT" version used by
WPSPLUS and SARAH prototypes
"14-JAN" version now in use in
SARAH field test
Several improvements ade since
then; targetted for SUIT: ,1er release
Formal Review Process being established in SSG and DS
6
SLIDE 6
Bob Travis
July 9, 1986
Introduction to DDIF
Bob Travis
9 July 1986
7
SLIDE 7
What is DDIF?
DDIF is a storage and interchage format for
compound documents in revisable form. The
primary purpose of DDIF is to serve as a
medium of exc-hange for revisable documents
between Digital compound document
processors. But many documen ;reating
applications will simply store us~ ;~ files in
DDIF in order to greatly simplify the interchange process, and also because DDlF has
been designed to be an efficient representation for revisable compound documents.
It will be a formal DEC standard after it has
been successfully implemented and released
in at least one product.
Introduction to DDIF
Bob Travis
9 July 1986
8
SLIDE 8
What is a Compound Document?
A compound document is a unified collection
of data that may b.e edited,: formatted, or
otherwise processed as a document. A
compound document is likely to ;ontain a
number of integrated componen 3, including
proportionally spaced text in var aus renditions and styles, positioning and formatting
parameters, abstract synthetic graphics, and
scanned images. In the future, other forms of
data representation may be tightly integrated
with these dQcument components.
Introduction to DDIF
Bob Travis
9 July 1986
13
SLIDE 9
DDIF's Goals:
- Completeness
o high quality text and graphics
o structure
o suitability for supporting application
integration
- Ease of Processing
o clear syntax
o usable on small systems
- Ease of Maintenance
o self-describing syntax
o provision for upward migration and version
tracking
- Common Encoding for Interchange, Mail
Introduction to DDIF
Bob Travis
9 July 1986
14
SLIDE 9 continued
o DDIS domain
Introduction to DDIF
Bob Travis
9 July 1986
15
SLIDE 10
Key Points:
Based on DDIS
Hierarohical Structure
Generic Elements
Text, Graphics, Image, Foreign'
data
Links to external conteJ It and
attribute info
Introduction to DDIF
Bob Travis
9 July 1986
16
SLIDE 11
Review of DDIS:
TLV encoding
Formal meta-syntax for Domains
Defines basic data ele ants, and
constructors
Based on international 3tandards
(X.409, ANS-1)
Introduction to DDIF
Bob Travis
9 July 1986
17
SLIDE 12
DDIF DOCUMENT :: =
Descriptor
identifies this as 001 F, also what
version
Header
Title, author, dates, fOi S, external
files,
page layouts, print parameters, etc.
Content
Hierarchical segment structure, with
. content and attributes
Introduction to DDIF
Bob Travis
9 July 1986
18
SLIDe 13
Segment:
BeginSegment element
Contains all segment attributes
Series of content primitives and/or
nested- segments
Provides the actual co ant of the
segment
EndSegment element
No added information; just terminates the segment
-
Introduction to DDIF
Bob Travis
9 July 1986
19
SLIDE 14
Content Primitives:
Text strings - 8- and 16- bit character
sets
Directives - Line, page, block, tab,
layout _
Graphics - Multipoint, arc, spline
Image - Bi-tonal, grayscale mUltispectral
Macro-reference - Includes standard·
content, transformed
Other -
Introduction to DDIF
Bob Travis
PLP, Domain, Private
9 July 1986
20
SLIDE 15
Text:
LATIN1 STRING - the DEC-standard
multi-national set TEXT_8 - first byte of strin('1 selects 8bit set
TEXT_16 - first byte-pair st.lects 16-bit
set
Introduction to DDIF
Bob Travis
9 July 1986
21
SLIDE 16
Directives:
Hardlsoft text - integer value, selects
Page, Line, etc
Page Layout - integer valu· , selects
new page layout
Introduction to DDIF
Bob Travis
9 July 1986
22
SLIDE 17
Graphics:
Multipoint - sequence of points, draw
pattern, draw/fili/mark/reg/close flags
Arc - center, radius, eccentricity, startl
extent, rotation, draw/fill/pie/close
flags
B_Spline -- sequence of points, order,
draw/fill/close flags
Image:
- sequence of plan_es, with coding attributes, pixels
..
- rich variety of coding schemes,
component ordering
- compatible with CCITT FAX for bitonal
Introduction to DDIF
Bob Travis
9 July 1986
23
SLIDE 18
Other content:
Macro RefeTence - with transformation
PLP - included 'pictures' ir 3xisting
protocols: ANSI, GKS, tc
Domain, Private - applicati0n data, not
directly rendered·
Introduction to DDIF
Bob Travis
9 July 1986
24
SLIDE 19
Coding Example:
ARC_DEF :: = [APPLICATION 11) IMPLICIT
SEQUENCE {
Arc_Center_X [0] IMPLICIT MEASURE,
Arc_Center_ Y (1) IMPLICIT MEASURE,
Arc_Radius_ X [2) IMPLICIT MEASURE,
Arc_ Radius__ D_elta_ Y [3) IMPLICIT
MEASURE DEFAULT 0,
Arc_Start [4] IMPLICIT ANG' E DEFAULT
0,
Arc_End [5] IMPLICIT ANGL =DEFAULT
21600,
Arc_Rotation [6] IMPLICIT ANGLE
DEFAULT 0,
Arc_Flags [7] IMPLICIT INTEGER {
Dr~~_ Arc(1), Fill_Arc (2) , Pie_ Arc (4) ,
Close_ Arc(8) } DEFAULT 1 }
Introduction to DDIF
Bob Travis
9 July 1986
25
SLICE 20
Begin Segment element:
ID - for reference from other segments
User Label - for application reference
via UI
Generic Reference - for indirect
attribute specification
Local Attributes - for direct lttribute
specification
Element Definitions - supply sourc~ for
generic attrs and macros
Structure Description - supplies rules
for segment construction
Introduction to DDIF
Bob Travis
9 July 1986
26
SLIDE 21
Generic Referencing:
[Parent segment
_
Element definitions: X, Y
[ ...
[Child segment
Generic reference - X ]
... ]
]
Introduction to DDIF
Bob Travis
9 July 1986
27
SLIDE 22
Attribute Inheritance:
[Parent segment
Local attributes: text font1, colors
110, other (initial) -
[Child 1
Local attributes: font2]
[Child 2
nolocal
attribut~s]
]
Introduction to DDIF
Bob Travis
9 July 1986
28
SLIDE 23
Attributes:
Semantic Tags - indicate paragraph,
chapter, etc
Frame - clipping rectangle, relocation,
transformation
Color Map - in RGB
Text - fontJ color, margins, tabs
Character - orientation, alignment
Line - thickness, color, enc"', pattern
Fill - pattern, color
Marker - selection, color
Conversion - format of section numbers
etc.
Computed Content - numbers, crossreference, external
Page L~yout - selects page layout
Language - selects linguistic support
Image - type, orientation, etc
Introduction to DDIF
Bob Travis
9 July 1986
29
SLIDE 24
Page Layouts:
in Header
indexed from content and/or
attributes sequence of BLOCKS
each block either pred{ :ined content
or poured from content
filled in sequence
each page layout can link to
successor
Introduction to DDIF
Bob Travis
9 July 1986
30
SLIDE 1
Transformations:
- Sequence of-Transformation _Primitive
Transformation Primitives:
- translation, rotation, skew,
SCc
ing
SLIDE 25
Recently Added:
Image content and attributes
Hierarchical generic/content
definitions
Work in Progress:
Improv-ed .layout for annotation and
footnotes
Table specification, inc lding link to
data/spreadsheet
Review for use in engi. leering
drawing domain
Introduction to DDIF
Bob Travis
9 July 1986
31
~ ILL
L4 L1 (~1 iU c
I
;A c C,
S' S'
(lOL~T I lUi-
5'
CLASS
INTERFACE
(examples)
EXAMPLES
Domain Processor
Document Editor
GET
PUT
DDIF ROUTINES
Interapplication Protocol
3
GET
DDIF
PUT
DDIS ROUTINES
Encoding Stream
DDIS
(X.409)
2
GET
I
PUT
:
-'. . "
1/0 ROUTINES
Stream of Records
512 Byte, Records
Variable Length ~ecords
1
GET
PUT
RMS
Physical Storage
o
Files 11
DECnet
I
DEC DATA INTERCHANGE SYNTAX
(STREAM OF DATA ELEMENTS)
Figure Drawing Convention: Memory locations are shown with
increasing addresses running right to left & top to bottom.
If this data were to be transmitted over a communication
line, the order of transmission is low-address bit/byte
first.
+------+
I TYPE i : A
+------+
+------------+
I LENGTH (L1) i : B
+------------+
+--------+
I VALUE
: C
+--------+-
Data Element 1
+----------+
I
TYPE I : C+Ll
+----------+
+------------+
I LENGTH (L2) i : D
+------------+
+-------+
i VALUE ! : E
+-------+
Data
TYPB Field
El~ment
length (1
4 bytes)
LENGTH Field - variable length (1
5 bytes)
VALUE Field
v~E'-iable
- va·riable length (0
2**32-1 bytes for pr1m1tive & counted
constructor,
unlimited
FIGURE
-8-
2
1
for uncounted
constructor)
l-BYTE TYPE FIELD
76543
2 1 0
+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
I
i
I:
A
+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
\ ___1
I
\ ____________1
I
I
v
IO Code
I
I
v
I
Form
v
Class
TYPE <7:6>
Class Bits
00 = Universal
01 = Applicatior wide
10 = Con text-sp, if ic
11 = Private (Cl tomer/OEM)
Form Bit
- TYPE <5>
o = Primitive
1 = Constructor
IO Code
Bits:~
TYPE <4:0>
00000 •• 11110
=
IO Code
11111 = IO Code is encoded in
one or more extension
bytes
FIGURE 2a
-
-
-
--=~-~~
()
EXTENSION OF TYPE FIELD
1. 1 Byte:
m
s
s
b
b
1
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
leiclfj
: ; ,
I :
I
IO Code range
o •• 30
A
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
\_1 I \ _______1
I i IO Code
I Form
I bit
Class
bits
2. 2 Byte:
765 432 1 0
IO Code range
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
31 •• 127
lelelfllllllllill :
A
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
m
1
s
s
b
b
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
I 0 I I I I I I I I : A+l
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
I \ ___________1
I
IO Code
ExtensiQn
bit
The IO Code shall be encoded in the fewest possible bytes.
FIGURE
-10-
2b
EXTENSION OF TYPE FIELD (continued)
3. 3 Byte:
7 6 5 432 1 0
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
! c I c f i 1 ! 1 11 I 1 11 I : A
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
m
1
s
s
128
IO Code range
2**14-1
j
b
b
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
ill I I I I I I I : A+1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
101 I I I I I I I : A+2
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
4. 4 Byte:
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
Iclclf!lllll!lll!
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
m
1
s
s
b
b
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
11/ I I I I I I I
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
III I I I I I I I
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
·
IO Code (Note: bit 7 of
extension bytes is not
included in IO Code)
IO Code range
2**14
2**21-1
A
· A+l
· A+2
..
ID Code (Note: bit 7 of
extension bytes is not
included in ID Code)
+-+-+.~+-+-+-+-+-+
101 I~ I I I I I I : A+3
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
The ID Code shall be encoded in the fewest possible bytes.
FIGURE
-I 1-
2c
LENGTH FIELD
1
s
m
s
b
1. Short form:
(1 Byte)
b
765 4 3 210
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
: O!
I iii I I : A
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
\_---------_/
Length
s
1
s
b
b
m
2. Long form:
(n+1 Bytes)
-
7 6 -S 4-3 2 1
°
I I
III
I
I I I I
0
n
I I I I I I I I I
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
..
: A
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
\_---------_/
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
° ..
Length range
128
2**32-1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
I
Length range
127
<
n
< 5
· A+1
Length
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
I I I I I I I I I
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
..
3. Indefinite form:
(1'Bytel
· A+n
--
°
7 6 5 4 3 2 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
1;01010101010101 : A
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
May (but need not be) used for constructors.
Shall not be used for primitives.
FIGURE
-12-
3
CONSTRUCTORS
(Example : assume Type & Length fields are 1 byte long)
1. Uncounted Constructor
+-----+---+
I I nde fiT I : A
+-----+---+
+------------+--+--+
: B
I
VI
ILljTll
+------------+--+--+
+------------+--+--+
: B+Ll+2
I
V2
IL21T21
+------------+--+--+
+------------+--+--+
I
Vm
ILmlTml
+------------+--+--+
+--+--+
-
100 I 00
I
: B+Ll+ •• +Lm+2m
+--+--+
/
end-of-constructor element
2. Counted Constructor
+-----+---+
LIT I : A
+-----+---+
+------------+--+--+
: B
I
Vl
ILllTll
+------------+--+--+
+---~-------+--+--+
: B+Ll+2
I
V2
IL21T21
+------------+--+--+
+------------+--+--+
i
Vn
I Lnl Tnl
: B+Ll+ •• +Ln+2n
+--------~---+--+--+
where L = Ll+L1+ ••• +Ln+2n
FIGURE
-13-
4
UNIVERSAL ID CODES
(BUILT-IN TYPES)
+---------+-----------------------+
I
I
I
I ID Code I Data Type
I
,
+---------+-----------------------+
0
I End_of_Constructor
,
+---------+-----------------------+
I
1
,Boolean
, ,
+---------+-----------------------+
I
2
,Integer
I
+---------+-----------------------+
I
3
I Bit_String
,
+---------+-----------------------+
I
4
I Octet_String.
I
• I
- +--------..;+~---~------------------+
I
5
I Null
I
+~--------+-----------------------+
I
6
IF_Float
,
I STANDARDIZATION
I
+---------+---------------------+I
I
7
I G_Float
+---------+-----------------------+I
I
8
I D_Float
+---------+-----------------------+
I
9
I H_Float
I
+---------+-----------------------+
I 10-15 I RBSBRVBD FOR FUTURB
I
I
+---------+-----------------------+
I
16
I Sequence
I
+---------+-----------------------+
I
17
I Set
I
.~.-
+---------+~----------------------+
•
Although not a data type, the End_of_Constructor
data element consumes an ID code
FIGURE
-23-
5
DDIS ACCESS ROUTINES
1. Sponsered by Display Systems Software
2. Used in GPU (Sarah) file 1/0 system
3. Suitable for RTL usage
A.
B.
C.
D.
Shareable Code
1/0 independent
Syntax Independent
Written in Bliss-32
4. Advantages of RTL support (VMS 5 •.0) .
A. Allows customers to read & write DDIS
B. Reduces size of applications
c. Provides ext~nsive error checking
D. Extended t~sting
s.
Issues:
How do. we supply syntax to customer?
DDIS must be very stable
-1-
DDIS FEA TURES
1. Any constructor may be counted or indefinite
2. Full support of SET
3. Support of all DDIS syntax, including ANY
4. Strict syntax enforcement
5. Default Values are TBD
RESTRICTIONi
1. Tag Length: 4 Bytes or Less
2. Maximum value length: 2* *32 • 1 bytes
3. -Max. Stream Length: currently 2* *32 - 1 bytes
} -2-
· CONTEXT BLOCK MANAGEMENT
DDIS$ALLOCATE CONTEXT
1.
2.
3.
4.
Allocates context block, its buffers & stacks
Initializes internal queue headers
Associates Parse Tables
Parameters: Context block return
Get memory routine address
Free memory routine address
110 routine address
Condition handler address (established)
Parse table addresses ...
DDIS$DEALLOCATE CONTEXT
o.
Parameters: Context block address
1. Deallocates context block & substructures
2. Application· should check parse state
-3-
DDIS Read Routines
1. DDIS$GET TAG
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
Parameters: context block address
Skips value if pending
Tag is read into context block
Tag is located in the parse table (or error)
Length is decoded and placed in context block
Returns end of counted constructor as EOC tag
2. DDIS$GET VALUE
A.
B.
C.
D.
Parameters: context block [, buffe ~,
Uses context block buffer by de ult
Built-in buffer may be reallocate '
Error if no value is available (e.g. EOC)
3. DDIS$SKIP TO EOC
A. Parameters: context block
B. Proceeds to- end of current constructor
C. No parse table checking - can skip private data &c
-4-
WRITE ROUTINES
1. DDIS$PUT TLV
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
Parameters: context block [,tag] [,length] [,value]
Tag is checked against syntax
Length is encoded
Value is written (integers are compressed)
Constructor is counted if length is passed
Counted constructors must end on a tag
2. DDIS$PUT EOC A. Parameters: context block, count
B. Writes a number of EOCs to the stream
C. A convenience routine, NVI
2. DDIS$GET INTLEN
A. Parameters: Maximum length, address
B. Returns le"~th of compressed integer
-5-
....
--~~
-
PARSING ABSTRACT SYNTAX
1. SEQUENCE
A. Listed tags must be in designated order
B. Tags must be present unless OPTIONAL
C. No other tags can be present
2. SET
A. Listed tags may be in any order
B. But no tag m-ay be repeated
C. Tags must be present unless OPTIONAL
3'. CHOICE
A. Only one may be selected
B. May be nested in SET or SEQUENCE
C. Forms a constructor if tagged
4. DO IS routine~s parse TlV stream
~se.
a dynamically loaded parse table
B. Maintains unique context in table (supports dispatch)
C. Discourages creation of invalid files, structures
D. Catches logic errors (during execution)
A.
-6-- :-:.
-.r----q:w·~.,~~
PARSE TABLES
1. Tree structure reflects syntax
2 .. Contains implicit types
3. Each tag has an unique entry
4. Flags for OPTIONAL, CHOICE, etc
5. Common definition, common nodes
6. Tree structure is PIC - & shareable
.MACRO TAG tag
.LONG
tag
.ENDM TAG
.MACRO DESCENDANTS location
.WORD
location
.ENDM DESCENDANTS
.MACRO TYPE type
.BYTEtype
.ENDM TYPE
.MACRO FLAGS flags
.BYTE flags
.ENDM FLAGS
-7~
--~~--~------
-
-~~---
-
-
-~----------~-----~~-~-~-
-
--
~----,-------
~
-
----
-
----------------------
--
PART OF DDIF TABLE
DDIF DOIS TABLE::
LABEL1 : TAG
DESCENDANTS
TYPE
FLAGS
END OF CONSTRUCTOR
LABEL2
DDIFSC DDIF
; 0
LABEL2-LABEL 1
ddisSc_sequence
0
; 1
DDIFSC DOCUMENT DESCRIPT
TAG
DESCENDANTS LABEL30-LABEL2
. ddisSc_sequence
TYPE
FLAGS
0
LABEL3 :
TAG
- - DESCENDANTS
TYPE
FLAGS
DDIFSC DOCUMENT PROFILE
LABEL35-LABEL3
ddisSc_sequence
0
LABEL4 :
TAG
DESCENDANTS
TYPE
FLAGS
DIFSC DOCUMENT HEADER
Lr'\8ELS3-'-ABEL4
ddisSc_sequelice
0
LABELS:
TAG
. DESCENDANTS
TYPE
FLAGS
END OF CONSTRUCTOR
-S-
DDIFSC DOCUMENT CONTENT
LABEL103S-LABELS
ddisSc_sequence
0
; 6
DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT
What's needed:
A. BNF Compiler, table builder
B. Symbols for DOIS tags: EOC, INTEGER, etc
C. Symbols for application tags: DDIF, etc
D. File Analyzer, Dump Facility
E. Run-time Debugging Tools
-
What we have so -far:
A. PTU: Prototype BNF Com )iler, table builder
B. SDL file of Symbols for .JOIS tags
C. PTU creates Symbols for application tags
D. TAN: File Analyzer, Dump Facility
E. DOIS module with audit trail
F... and the debugger works with this stuff
may need a complete compiler ...
- ..
- - -
~-
--
-9~.....
"
~----~~-----------------
-
-------~~~~~
PARSE TABLE UTILITY
1.
2.
3.
3.
4.
PTU compiles BNF into Macro-32 declarations
Human readable output, for development (.mar)
Tables can be linked to application (.obj)
Or tables can be loaded dynamically (.exe)
PTU provides symbol declarations {require files
-10-
TLV ANAL YZER (TAN)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Dumps a DDIS file in MACRO-32
Output can be re-assembled, linked
Displays tags by name (PTU-generated)
Parse tables can be loaded
DDIF Parse table is built in
; This TAN X3.7 output was generated on 27-MAR-1986 08:11:04
; from the file DDIF$:[EXAMPLES1SIMPLE_PARAGRAPHS.DDIF;4
; 306 symbols rea_d from DDIF$:[PRGSRC]DDIF_ENTRY_SYMBOLS.
;Based on built-in parse table for DOIF
.PSECT ddis,rd,nowrt,byte,shr
...
co: .BYTE
"B00111111
.BYTE "B10000000
.BYTE "B00000001
.BYTE 1(80
C1:.BYTE
.BYTE
PO: .BYTE
.. BYTE
"B00110000
1(80
"810000000
1(00
Entry - 0 (DDIF$C_DDIF)
Continued tag
Continued tag
Indefinite Length
=
Entry
2 (DDIF$C_DOCUMENT_DES
I ndefi n ite Length
Entry = 18 (DDIF$C_MAJOR_VERSIO
; Length
; Value (INTEGER) = virtual zero
-11-
SLIDE 1
Logical Access Layer
Introduction
•
•
purpose of LAL
related components
KODDIF
Physical Access Layer (PAL)
Cache Manager
Logical Access Layer
•
•
•
internal data -structure
general purpose operations
application specific operations
Physical Access Layer
•
•
•
relevant KODDIF features
action routines
conversion between internal data structure and
DDIF constructs
Cache Manager
•
•
•
writing from internal data structure
pruning the " " "
reading into " " "
Current de.sign vs.· Gold prototype
Conclusions
presented by Bruce Taylor
MIS ZK02-1/N20
E-Net MAGIC: :TAYLO-
LAL
9-Ju/y-1986
SLIDE 1
Internal data structure
A tree for each open DDIF document
Interior nodes (complex objects)
•
•
•
correspond to DDIF segments
have attributes, children
format is application inde~ ndent
Leaf nodes (primitive objects)
•
•
•
LAL
correspond to DDIF content elements
or low-level segments
may encode rendition information
formats are application specific
9-July-1986
SLIDE 2
General purpose operations
Object naming
Attribute resolution
Data editing
Search for attributes
Navigation
Secondary index creation
Document level operations
LAL
9-July-1986
2
SLIDE 3
Object naming scheme
Object variables: used by an application to
access objects
Similar to pointers
•
repositioned quring navigation
Unlike pointers
•
•
retain connection with objE ~ts no
longer in-memory
don't allow direct manipulation of "data
structure
Managed by LAL functions:
•
•
LAL
create~object_variable
destroy_ object_variable
9-Ju/y-1986
3
SLIDE 4
Attribute resolution
Terms:
•
•
•
specific attributes
effective attributes
attribute resolution
Computing effective attributes
•
•
•
•
specific attributes
generic references
defaults
inheritance
Problem: relative attributes
•
•
LAL
relative m'argins
transfoJrnations
9-July-1986
4
SLIDE 5
General purpose data editing
Create complex object
Delete complex Qbject
Cut, paste
Other operations, concerning
•
•
•
•
LAL
segment id's
external references
data type boundaries
access rights to objects
9-July-1986
5
SLIDE 6
Navigation
Three kinds of navigation:
•
•
•
tree navigation
navigation by unique segment id
navigation-by- secondary index
Secondary index:
•
•
•
•
LAL
stores page breaks, line b :aks, etc.
a set of pointers into the sLored
document
created, managed by application
LAL provides two services:
make_primary_key
position_using_primary_key
9-Ju/y-1986
6
SLIDE 7
Application specific operations
General categories:
•
•
•
•
•
LAL
create primitive object with content
search for primitive canter
get copy of primitive conte t
modify primitive content
specialized operations on structure and
content
9-July-1986
7
SLIDE 8
Application specific operations:
examples
Text Editor
•
•
apply_rendition_change
split, merge
Graphics Editors
•
transform 2d _ object
Attribute Editor
•
specify_attributes
Untyped operations
LAL
9-July-1986
8
SLIDE 9
KODDIF
Two major components:
Access method
•
•
•
document-Jevel services
positioning of "streams" at
content elements
reading, insertion, update, leletion at a
stream
KODDIS with DDIF parse table
•
•
LAL
input is driven by DDIF syntax
output is controlled by PAL
9-J uly-1986
9
SLlDE1~
KODDIS
Encodes, decodes DDIS TLV's (primitives and
constructors)
Uses two tables:
•
•
parse table
action table
Tables are generated for an application by
Koala DDIS Utility (KDU)
Input: KODDIS checks syntax, in' )kes appropriate action routine when an element. is .
recognized
Output: KODDIS generates DDIS strings,
while checking syntax. Provides calls to
•
•
•
start a constructor
end a constructor
output a primitive value
SLIDE 10
Physical Access Layer
Input (" action") routines convert DDIFcontent
elements to tree nodes
•
•
invoked by KODDIS
correspond to DDIF constructors or
_
primitives
allocate- a-tree nod-e
assign a value to a fiel0
link completed node int tree
structure
Output routines convert tree nodes to DOIF
•
•
LAL
call each other
at lowest level, call KODDIS
begin a constructor
outp:ut a primitive element
end a constructor
9-July-1986
10
SLIDE 11
Cache Manager
Writing from internal data structure
•
occurs before document is closed or
checkpointed
• may occur before internal d.s. is
pruned ._
• objects are written out using PAL
• : only changed o'bjects are --itten out
Pruning internal data structure
•
•
•
LAL
occurs when the d.s. is getting too
large
,.
least recently used tree nodes are written out, deallocated from tree
some i.nJormation is saved to facilitate
later retrieval
9-J uly-1986
11
SLIDE 12
Reading into internal data
•
•
•
LAL
s~ructure
occurs
when existing document is opened
after roll-back to a previoe document
state
when an application tries t ' access an
object not in-memory
9-J uly-1986
12
SLIDE 13 .
Current design vs. Gold
prototype
In the protoype, "LAL" corresponded to
Physical Access Layer
•
•
each DDIF content element was read
into a temporary d.s ..
LAL extracted useful information and
added to editor's d.s.
"Document Manager" correspon 3d to LAL
c
•
•
•
LAL
provided a view of a section of th"e
stored document
document manager, editor shared this
data structure
editor {lad to distinguish between "in
memory", "on disk" data and compute
effective attributes
9-J uly-1986
13
SLIDE 14
Current design
• avoids an extra conversion
• encapsulates application-~ndependent
functions
attribute handling
common data editing oper .Ions
• eliminates" in memory", "on ( sk"
distinction
• provides a cleaner interface to document
LAL
9-July-1986
14
\5
SHELL
Editin1
Conponents
TEXT
GRAPHICS
ETC.
LOGICAL ACCESS LAtE
CACHE
MAt~AGER
P Hr
s I~ CAL Ace E S S L ArE R
KOOOIF
-----
~
\V
q-.l.,., - erG.
-r:
~o ~"'.:, J
CHARACTER SET CODES FOR 8-BIT' TEXT
+___'_'_'.'.1+ __
'.'
__
'.'_'_'_'_.____
_'_'_'_'_'''_'~'
'~J
I
Character Set
I Code
I+ ____i.ooiooooI._'+
",.,
I
!
I
'
!_.._____._. ,;._____
'
_______
1
,
1
I
'
,
!
I
I
'd
'
!
!
!
!..
I
I RBSBRVBD
1
1 DBC MCS (has only 1 character)
J
1
+I ___!~'
3
_ _ _' .
I
----+
1
__ __
Latin-2
+__ 2__ I _____
' _'__ __ (Bastern
____ __'____ Burope)
'~d+
___ +
1
0
~
~_~
~
~
~
'_'~!
'~'_'
~'_'~!
r~~_~
__
1
~~+
J+_
___ (Southern
·________
·_._d____'____________~ ___ +1
I Latin-3
Burope)
___
I
4
I Latin-4 (Northern Burope)
+-------+~~---------------~----~--------------+
5
I Greek
+
d
'
'+-- '--------------------~~------~------+
1
...I ___... +
,
6
+_______
+'Cyrilli'c_
I
Ow
I
' _ __ _ _ _
' _ _ _ ~_~. . . . . . . . . . ._ _ _ _ _ . . . . . ._ _ _ _ . . . . . .
+ _ 7 _..... I Hebrew
. t ._ _-....;____
I
+~
I
8
!
,
.__
'curl
...... '_
'_...
...:__________.... _ _ _
+I
Arabic
+---~~--+
1
9
+----+_ '
1
10
i _ _' _
I Technical character set
'+------,----. . . . . . . . . . . . .__.__._----_...__.__.__. .'. ,;. "';"--'--- ._-_...-....-.....--_---+I
I Publishing
character set
.
d
'+~d
'
,
' __ '
!
d.-d
.....
_
!'
' _ . - . . . . -_ _ _
11
I Output
Rendering character
set
+_________
+__
'
szI
______
-....
!
I
,
!
1
'~
'__
~
_______
'_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
+1
+
1 12
1 Special Graphics (Line Drawing) char set 1
+____' '+
' '.J
t.... '-' __.......-1...1_ _ ...._ _-....;+
113-127 1 RBSBRVBDPOR FOTURB STANDARDIZATIOR
I'
!
•
,
I
!
!
,
I
,
!
'I!!
.;~'
1128-2541 Reserved for use by DBC customers/OEMs
255
1 RESERVBD FOR FUTURE BXTBNSIONS
.... _
FIGURE
-29-
6
!
I
'~ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
I'
+
SUMMARY OF DDIS CHARACTER SETS
A.2
. A-a
ISO LATIN-1 CHARACTER SET USED IN· LATINI STRING
A-~
TEXTS STRING - ADDITIONAL 8-BIT CHARACTER SETS •
o Reserved
A.3.1
1 DDISe -DEC Mul t inat ional (DEC MCS) • • • • . • . • •
A-21
. . • A-29
A.3.2
2 DDIS ISO Latin-2 Character Set .(Eastern Europe)
A.3.3
3 DDIS ISO Latin-3 Character Set (Southern Europe) • • . A-33
A.3.4
4 DDIS ISO Latin-4 Character Set (Northern Europe) • • • A-37
A.3.5
5 DDIS ISO Greek Character Set • • ••
• • • • • • • A-41
••••.
A.3.6
6 DDIS ISO Cyrillic Character Set
A-44
A.3.7
7 DDIS DEC Hebrew Character Set • • • • • . • • • • • • A-47
A.3.8
8 DDIS ISO Arabic Character Set.
• • • . . • • • • A-51
A.3.9
9 DDIS DEC Technical Character Set
• • • • • • • • A-55
A.3.10 10 DDIS DEC Publishing Character Set • • • . • •
A-58
A.3.11 11 DDIS DEC Output Rendering Character Set •• • • • • • A-62
A.3.12 12 DDIS DEC Special Graphics (VT100 Line Drawing)
Character Set • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
A-67
A.3
A.4
A.4.3
A.4.4
.....
TEXT16 STRING - 16-BIT CHARACTER SETS
o Reserved
1 DDIS JIS Japanese Character Set • • • • • • •
2 DDIS GB Chinese Character Set • • • • • • • •
....
A-70
A-72
A-93
SUMMARY OF DDIS CHARACTER SETS
ISO LATIN-I· CHARACTER SET USED· IN LATINl STRING' • • • • • A-8
ISO 8859/1 Latin Alphabet Nr 1 --approved 1986
TEXTS STRING - ADDITIONAL 8-BIT CHARACTER SETS • • . • . A-21
A.3
.0 Reserved
1 DDIS DEC Multinational (bEC MCS) • . . . . • . . . . • A-21
A.3.1
DEC Std 169 DEC Multinational - approved May 1982
2 DDIS ISO Latin-2 Character Set (Eastern Europe) . • • A-29
A.3.2
ISO 8859/2 Latin Alphabet Nr 2 - approved 1986
3 DDIS ISO Latin-3 Character Set (Southern Europe) . • • A-33
A.3.3
ISO dp 8859/3 Latin Alphabet Nr 3 - draft
4 DDIS ISO Latin-4 Character Set (Northern Europe) • • • A-37
A.3.4
ISO dp 8859/4 Latin Alphabet Nr 4 - draft
5
DDIS
ISO Greek Character Set • • • .
• • • • • • • A-41
A.3.5
ISO dp 6937/7 - draft
6 DDIS ISO Cyrillic Character Set . . • .
A-44
A.3.6
ISO DIS 6937/8 - draft
7 DDIS DEC Hebrew Character Set
A-47
A.3.7
Based on Hebrew 7-bit set
8 DDIS ISO Arabic Character Set •• .
A-51
A.3.8
ASMO Latin/Arabic 8-bit standard
9 DDIS DEC Technical Character Set
• • • • • • • • • • A-55
A.3.9
DEC Technical Character Set spec (not ISO draft)
.A.3.10 10 DDIS.DEC Publishing Character Set • • ••
• . • • A-58
'.DEC .'Publ i'shing "Character .Set spec (not .ISO. draft)
:. A. 3 ~11 ,'11' .:DDIS·DEC .·.OutPJlt : Rendering ... Character .Set • • • • . • • A-62
. DEC .·spec.(nb ISO·.draftin 'progress yet)
A.3~12 12
DDIS'DEC Special Graphics (VT100 Line Drawing)
Character Set • • • • • • • • .
• • • • • • • . • • A-67
DEC VT100
A.2
A~4
A.4.3
A.4.4
TEXT16 STRING - 16-BIT CHARACTER 51 S • • • • • • • • •
o Reserved
1 DDIS JIS Japanese Character Set • • •
JIS 6226-1983 (not 1978)
2 DDIS GB Chinese Character Set
GB 2312-1980
....
A-70
A-72
A-93
+t" Jl...
~ (~e.) . .'t'
-tar ,
o
I•• ..,....
["to
V4'~ 4L
J [!J
~
('~ SI.i-h,...
GJ CJ
L.~1
( . J CD 1I1 I.n.l
G~.. ~
.(. 7 [IJ
wtl.1
Cl [fl @ (f]GJ[! (fi lSJ lil
e-.c"
o.~
~
r.
c~.#_~..
\)1),1
0. wtt..rs
~
tA~.~A
..
d,.,.c,,~
e)re~":
\,.h...~
T.n-rtG
\'rr~c-
0"".,
S..1-.
-POI) s.+ waS
s.ft.... "..,d
o.. ,~...cI.
.;.
-Mil.
Q.
c:L.("~1J 4"4-
k. s ."h .. 1.. (+
~'.\' ..
~'Vt.e.'.~.
••• ....,
L.,~.
' . . J.
I..d
:.
""','v,
d,~.
t.~. "'r.c~,.
..
~o • • ~O, G,.I.u~ S
..fb .' .. _...., \
... ~Cbc..t~.
~..-. 1,)0:.
c..~l'"
"al04..
s ... ,,:,w,..1
i..bAIa.,..
,.". clerl--c&'el .
DEC STO 169
@)
Page 14
29-May-82
Table'," .1. DEC Multinational Character Set
....... ...•
f
.)
\,
be
a
b,
0
be
0
0
~
aaaa 0
aaa 1 1
1 1 1
a
1
0
Q
1
as
1
A
Q
2
STX OC2
3
ETX OC3
4
5
EOT OC4
6
ACK SYN
ENQ NAK
11
13
1S
ETB
EM
~
,
a
P
Des ~
q
PU1
i
"
A
.±
A
£
3
,
)
1
b
INO CCH
NEL
MW
~
SSA SPA
-
~
N
....
0
A
0"
a
"0
A
0
-
a
0
-
tR
AS
0
ce
0
•
c;
0
~
Y
•
'"a
0
It
M ]
.N A
n
-.. -
x
l
a
A
§
.
,
0
W ESA er"
HT5
....
a
"A
7 G W 9
8 H X h
9 I y ;
, <
- -
1
1
1
1
0
0
STS
R
1
1
3 C S C S
S 4 0 T d t
r. 5 E U e u
& 6 -F V f v
2 8
so RS
US
1
1
06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15
#
+
GS
a
0
0
2
VT ESC
CR
0
0
, , ,
a, 0,
a 0 , ,
0
a ,
c
*
FS
a
1
1
PU2
SUB
FF
1
1
1
r
II
CAN (
ASCII
Control
Set
-
I
0
1
.
SOH DCl
a 14
, 1 1 1
1
1
p
, , a 0 12
1
1.
,, ,
0
@
,
a
0
a
a
7 BEL
, 0 a a 8 as
, 0 0
9 HT
, a 1 0 10 LF
1 1
0
0
NUL OLE SP
0 1 1 1
1 0 1 1
a
,
[0
a
00 01 02 03 04
be b:J b% b,
aa1 0
aa1 1
a10 0
a1 a 1
a11 a
a
0
0
I
I
~.
DEC Supplemental
Graphic
Set
DEC Multi national Character Set
Notes
Empty positions are reserved for future standardization.
..
I::JUI u,~ Oif6a/l
.
A"..J. 6J
Itt,:, I ~ t C. •
CODE
fit 1~"4~4+
ISo· L...... -'
0.
0
a
0
O'
a
a
a
~
10
0
0
1
1
Q
10
1
1
1
a
0
1
Q
Q
C
1
1
1
1
Q
1
a1 a 2 a3 a 4 a 5 06
o 0 0 0 aa f~~t~t ~~~m~~I: SP a @ p
o 0 0 1 a1 ~~mtf ~f~I~Ii
1 A Q a
b.b.b.b.
00
o a 1 a 0 2 ~~~it~r ~j~~~~~~~f It
o 0 1 1 a3 :::::::::::::,,::::::::::::
::::::~::::::
.....•...... \:::::;:::
.•.......... #
,
o
f\lr i.
eeS1/1.
r~Q
~o
~
~,
TABLE
1
1
a
0
Q
1
0
.cr
1
a
1
1
1
a
Q
a
1
1
a
0
~j~Imm /~!!~~~!)) NBSP
q m~~f~m ~~l~ft~; i
2 8 R b r ~mm~~% iIi}!! ¢
3 e s c s ...;.~ ;.· ~ ·.: :.; ~.· .; .~'. : .; ~. ':. ':. ~.':~. ".: '.~ £
p
A
•
1 0
mmtm
jfI
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••. ••
:.:.:.:
.• .••
8.
6
F
V
f
~l~mt!~~ ~%~~~I'
7
G
W
9
:~::{\ (
:::::::}:
8
}:::;:::::
:::::::::::::
.
H X h
a
,
,
1
,
,
1
a
v ~}f~~:~)~
w ~m~m~!:· }m~ §
x .:.~ '.~.~. :. :.. :.'.; ~.: ' .·.·.:.:.~:.:.~.i.~:.:.~.j I.
a
~
0
± A Nan
2
A 0
3
A-
0 4 mt~I! mtr~ $ 4 .D. T d t- lI~f ~~mm~!~~ = ' A
1 a 5 ~!~\~t~~~~ ~~!tf~ x 5 E U e u ~~~~~~fm rtf ~ J.l a
a6
a 1 1 1 a7
1 0 0 0 a8
o1
,
,
07 0'8 09 1 a 11 1 2 1 3 1 4 1 5
1 0 0
o1
1
,
a
0' a.
-
6 a
0
0'
.
a
a
§
e
0
a!
0
f
~
•
~ ~.)(: 9 :~~.
e' 0 e ¢
t
.
e u,
,
e u
e•• u
A
A
,u
., .y
,P
, y
,
••
,
A
••
••
11
ISO 6937 2· 1983 (E I
Table 3 - Primary and supplementary sets of graphic characters for text communication Icodlng wne,. reoreseni~C ~\ 0',
combinatIons 2:' 1 to 7.' 14 and 10.' 1 to 15:'14 of an 8-blt code!
00 0 0
00
:0 0 ,
TM
~
tJ'
-
•
See
4.34
S.
4,3.4
,
i
a
!O
0
10
(r~~:: : :
* :
J
Z j
,•
K
[
k
<
L
\
l
-
M J m
>
N
,
z
?
.,.ft-
"
»
S,..c,,,,•
IJ ..
IJ
I.
L..
L"
t
See
See
4.34
4.34
o
r.
0
See
CE ce
See
Q
r3
p
p
43.4
-
n
. o
"
s~
',34·'
4.3.4
~
/~
-rJa' LA,'~i
0.( 1>~t_E"~ __ ~ •• ~ ____. , r ...-~_.~o~
______
N.e.--~,+C___. ,__ c,,_~_~_- _____ . _._ .._
_. . _. _. _____ ._
--.. ------.
-.~-_._- . T.f-.'-'
..- -. - -
______C~1.A_-..,-S3~ ,_~~
:t;:.(.~t'.t ___ ._______.
____ Y'p.. A
" ___ ~ _S4~~_r.__=_
•._ _ _ _ __
___________4~~~c·_,~_.~__________________________
----\-\a,,~-I= •• , - - - - - - - - - - -
-_ _-_.
..
'---
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - _ . _ _..
- - - - - -
- - - - - _ . _ - - - - _..__. _ -
_.-
-. --
-
---
-------_.--,-----
-
- - - - - - _ ... -_.._--
. -.
----- ----
-
---
.
. . -----.- C)SL ---.- _ - - -...... -----.-----,-- .- -- --------.---..---.--------.
- - . - - - - 1 - - - - - - - - _ .. _--- - - - - - . - - • _ _ _ _ _ _1 _ _
--------
:-.7.:0,-
_ _ _ _ _ . - - . - - - - - 1 - - ~(.tI.-.
--.-------
---t.~~ ......._______~~~;;;;;;;.I;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;~-.-.....II,--:-:--_--_-
Status of
Graphics and Document
Standards
J. Schonhut
FhG-AGO
Disclaimer:
The i n for mat ion g i v (.~ H fJ e 5 not rep res e n tan y
official position of ISO nor of its computer
graphics working 'group ISO TC97/SC21/WG2.
The author is chairing that working group;
nevertheless this,is purely the personal
opinion and understanding of the author.
OvervIew and IntroductIon
2.
Standards MakIng BodIes
3.
Status of Standards Documents
4.
GraphIcs Standards
4.1 GraphIcal Kernel System
4.2 GraphIcal Kernel System ,:/on to Three DImensIons
4.3 GKS Language BIndIngs
4.4 Programmers HI erarchl·ca I In terac t Ive Graph I cs Standard (PHIGS)
4.5 Computer GraphIcs MetafIle
4.6 Computer GraphIcs Interface
4.7 Conformance TestIng of Computer Graphics Standards
4.8 Formal Specification of Computer GraphIcs Standards
4.9 Wlndow/Term/nal Management Standards
4.10 Graphics In Documents
4.11 Graphical Data Syntax / VIdeotex lECMA/CEPT'J
5.
Towards a Reference Model for Computer Graphics Standards
1.
1. Overview and Introduction
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2. Standards Making BodJes
Bodies
Involved
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GI"aphlc·3 Stal'ldaJ·c/s
ISO - InterIlatlol'Jal 5'tal'ldaI·dIzatfol1 Or[?alli3dtll'Jl1
ISO TC'97/SC21/WG2 ConlpL.,~
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CSA (Canada)
for I n f 0 I· mat 1 011 P 1" [) C" e 3 3 I 1]~'
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3.
Status of Standards Documents
Refs.
to
standal~ds
status
of dOCUfllel'lt
status
shows
l~el a
oftel1
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Il11portallt
t Ive
~
.:
1 I ty of
clocuDiel'1 t
ISO technIcal work ~'tructured in 3 levels
- TC (T e c h I1 i c a I C (J nifll I t t e e )
- SC (Sub-Committee)
- WG [Wo r k I 11 g Gr· 0 up }
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e.g.
TC 9 7 I n f a 1'-111 a t Ion Pro c e s s I 1'1 &1
TC97/SC21 Opel1 Sys telrJ3 (sl]or t: 5C21)
TC97/SC21/WC;'2 C OITJP ute 1~ G 1'- ap 11 I C s (sJJ a 1· t:
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GraphIcs Standards
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£xtensIon of two dImensIonal GKS to three dImensIons
upward compatIble to GKS
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one level of segmentatIon
Status: DIS 8805
4.3 GKS Language Bindings.
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three parts data encodIngs
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possible, however not easy, use of CGM as a GKSM
for 1 eve 1 0 GKS,
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Status: DIS 8632/1-4
4.6 Computer GraphIcs Interface
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Standards
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4.9 TermInal/WIndow Management Standard
Fast expandIng fIeld: use of bIt mapped dIsplays
overlappIng wIndow systems
Progress monItored by WG2
PossIbIlIty of standard WIndow Management
InvestIgated by ANSC X3H3
OSI context:
vIrtual termInals
vIrtual graphIcs ,termInals
termInal Dlanagement , Issues
across all vIrtual terminals
CombInatIon: wIndow and termInal Management
4.10 GraphIcs In Documents
GraphIcs In Documents: growIng Importance
ISO TC97/SC18
WG2 experts participatIn~
Proposals for IntegratIng graphIcs In
oDA/oDIF
SGML
by WG2
Status of Document Standards:
ODA/ODIF
DIS 8613/1-6 (Integratfo~ Into
CCITT T.73 expected)
SGML
DIS 8879
4.11 Graphical Data Syntax/Videotex (£CMA/C£PTJ
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Towards a Reference Model for
Computer Graphics Standards
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AGD
Compatibility
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Graphics Standards
J. Schonhut
:
I
II
. 11111
FhG
AGD
Compatibility Problems
- GKS vs. PHIGS
- GKS vs. CGM
Compatib~
(jty Problems
o
PHI-GKS
may be seen as:
1. a shell on top of PHIGS
2. a superset of GKS-3D anc PHIGS
3. the current work item 'PhiGS
(wi th some changes)
GKS-3D extension with hierarchy
and editing
4. a
P~T -GKC::
Summary
PHI-GKS
-
level structure
workstation control
state diagram
transformation 'pipeline
hierarchical data structL es
attribute model
primitives outside segments
archiving
deferral mede
state lists and description
tables
-
Summary
PHI-GKS
Level Structure
- levels as in GKS (output, input)
- dimensionality (20/30)
- additional o~tputlevels for
hierarchy and editing
PHI-GKS
State Diagram
The state list is described by triple
[WS-S, SEG-S, ARC-S J
with the following state values:
- workstation state
( PHI -GKS_OPEN, WSOP, WSAC)
- segment state
(SEG_CL, SEG_OP)'
- archive state
( ARC_CL , '~-ARC_OP )
FhG
AGD
PHI-GKS
Workstation Control
- workstation independent segment
structure vs. structure store
- WISS always active
- assoc i ate, inser t, cop y
- archival
W
5
ation Control
FhG
AGD
PHI -GKS _
Transformatjon Pjpeljne
- workstation dependent transformations
- viewing transformation
- workstation transformation
- workstation _independ&nt transformatjon
- modelling transformation
~ global
- local
- normalization transformation- normalization clip
- segment. transformation
.
--
-
.--~
~'-_ I"""\_A_~
-
=-
.. __• _ _--'_~_
--'~~
-
,.
-~-'--
PHI-GKS
Hierarchy & Editing
- segments vs. structures
- different data types
- one data type
- segment attributes
- segment header
- structure elements
- 20/30 - structure elements
- hierarchy of segments
- execute-~--segment
_
- existence of (dummy) segments
- editing
PHI-GKS
Attribute Model
- individual/bundled &ASFs
- explicit: set modal attr. functions
- generation vs. traversal time binding
- new attr. value: 'to be inherited' (tbj)
- PHI-GKS state list - edit state list
- at segment creation: St ,. segment header
from PHI-GKS state list
- binding:
outsi de segmen ts: use PHI -GKS _
state list values
segment-~ open: use edi t state 1ist
at segment creation:
values of Edit State List and
. PHI-GKS State List identical
- Traversal state List
-
PHI-GKS
- primitives outside segments
- metafile / archiving
- deferral/update states
- deferral mode
- implicit regeneration
- state lists
- PHI-GKS State List
- Workstation State List
- Edit State List, in addition
- Traversal State List (internal)
- description tables
Miscel1anegus
PHIGKS
PHIGS
structured
2
~GKS/GK'S-3D
1
o
flat
a
b
c
PHI-GKS/PHIGS
3
2
a
b
c
AROP
AROP+STROP
1
1
. .C>----_..Q
-----I--~
I
--~--o
I
______ . .6---~--..Q
----~,-
C>--~--C":>
""
' } o - - - - - - { SGOP
""
~T
STROP
0-----0
AROP
ARCL
--I
Cl..
a:
......
a:
......
U
CJ')
o
CJ')
(pHIGS)
(GKS-3D)
((Jevice)
[Device)
(Device j
NSAC
SGOP
STROP
,,
-
---
,,
,,
-'
- post ItSAC
'exec SSOP
, exec IlSAC
prim. outside
structure/segment
WI (S) SS
.- -
- ----- ---
•
------
-----
Viewing
Vier /lap. +clip
o
-~-o
indep.
- - - - - -tiS
- - ..
--tiS dep
FhG
AGe
o
o
D structure
__
o_~.
__
segm-nt
..L •.• ___ _
I
I
~
_ _ _ _ ___ .L.... .•
_I
Attr. -header
Seg. -Attr.
1
Root
......
Body
_
Execute
< set polyline index (" to be inherited") >
create segment (a)
polyline
set polyline index
0
polyline
set polyline index (" to be inherited")
polyline
close segment
create segment (b)
set polyline index-0
execute (a)
<1.>
set polyline index0
. execute (a)
close segment
<2. ;
post (b)
~
--",
--_._--_.
<2.>
<1.>
A~I
CD
CD
CD
CD
CD
CD
._1_~'
.'--___ ---L ___
r-'\ _
L
L..! __ _
_
function
"I
"
Edit
state list
PHI-GKS
state list
open
(create)
copied from
PHI-GKS state list
set attribute
set values
re-open
set from
segment header
+ scan to edit
position
(set values)
hG-AGO
I
.
,
set values
Attribute Setting
FhG
AGD
PHI-GKS
Workstatjon Control
- workstation independent segment
structure vs. structure store
- WISS always active
-
- associate, insert, copy
. - archi val
Wnrkqt~~inn
rnntrn7
I
I
I,
,I
I
jroblems1between GKS and CGM
FhG
AGO
1,1
I
'
L---------:~~---~--------------------------~:~----~-------------------
iii
I
I[EXT
- point
- string
TEXT
il
- point
- append flag
- string
I
IELL ARRA Y
I
!
-
- corner paints
nx, ny
-
colour array
CELL ARRAY -
corner points
nx, ny
local colour precision
'colour array
III
I
rEr PATTERN REPRESc"NTA TION
'I
WS identi fier
- pattern index
- nx, ny
- co.lour array
'\1
I
!
PA TTERN I ABLE
-
pattern index
nx, ny
local colour precision
colour array
Problems between"GKS and CGM
.4..,MMP,P.#A4U4L .\..,gm",&..4441 ..."
."' .". #3444.1#
M,,~#_*. ,jl#...?.4), .. " . .4.M.:
JA.,.;.M...u.,g.,.1J,4t ';".4444#'•.4'(,..&; ..4.;:;;:,.;.,1, ., ..1.11 ,_, .. ;;.c;a:¥44. . . . . . . . .:;u;:;:;;;;: __ . wm:;_4iiPq:aau;.
a••am .M';.:;,;AU:;~424L;;AM4 #
.4US",UeUUiijj,*.MGMFMMiSlI.4S:hU ,¥t
;.;;
uni;;
Mia;
;
P4M
1Jrob 1ems' be tween GKS and CGM
AGO
CGM
GKS
:"JET TEXT FONT AND PRECISION
I
FhG
-
TEXT FONT INDEX
TEXT PRECISION
"JET FILL AREA INTERIOR STYLE
HATCH INDEX
PATTERN INDEX
'"JET ASPECT SOURCE FLAGS
- 13 flags .
ASPECT SOURCE FLAGS
- 'n (ASF type; ASF value)
systematic use
of a GOP
identi fier
GOP
Problems
-
-
..
no GDP identifier for
standardized GOPs
bet~een'
GKS and CGM
---------------------'"""------------'
PDC
Picture Description Call Interface
- A device independent graphics interface to DDIF/LAL
PaulH. Wong
10th July, 1986
mOmODmD.
.
·soft ware
PRESENTER
PAULH. WONG
PIXEL::PWONG
GROUP
Document Processing Systems I Graphics
FORMER PROJECTS
VAX DECgraph I VAX DEC
CURRENT PROJECTS
PDC I CHARTER I XPRESv in WPSpius V3.0 (GOLD)
ide
(1) AGENDA
(2) WHY PDC?
(3) WHY TREE STRUCTURE?
(4) ORIGINAL PDC ARCHITECTURE
(5) CURRENT PDC/LAL ARCHITECTURE
(6) KEY FUNCTIONS OF PDC
(7) PDC FRONT END TO THE LAL
(8) PDC PRIMITIVES
(9) EXPERIENCE FROM THE GOLD PROTOTYPE
(10) QUESTIONS?
XPRESS and CHARTER
Needed a device- and operating environmentindependent graphics interface for the VAX
and the PC (Rainbow at that time).
Wanted to produce the same output file
format for interchange purposes.
Wanted a hierarchical data
picture description:
~ructure
for
- to have full tree structures. DECslide's
linked list structure
- to use the tree structure for inheritance
and generic references.
o BOLLOW
II
FILLED
"BOLLOW"
\
"FILLED"
TYPICAL PDC TREE
,
0"
hollow
attrib
filled
attrih
APPLICATION
. XPRESS, CHARTER
I
Hierarchy
HPDC
Tree Manipulation
I
Device
Independence
IPDC
Th . Layer +
GK / Basingstoke
I
LPDC
ReGIS / SIXEL
APPLICATION
I
V
I
Output
poe
I
LAL
I
PAL
I
KOOOIF
PostScript
Agents_
-
,
MS-Windows
,
\
,
\
\
\
\
\
\
\
\
\
\
\
\
, ,
\
\
\
GKS
\
\
\
\
.
?
\
\
\
\
\
-.
" ix-window?
-
\
\
\1
u:r.:S?
I
KEY FUNCTIONS
Inquire / Manipulate Primitives
Inquire / Manipulate Attributes
Traverse the LAL tree, passing data and attribute
information to output agents
Issue MS-Windows calls
Issue PostScript calls
FRONT END TO LAL
PDC currently provides a front end to LAL to:
- Walk (traverse) a sub-tree
- Copy a sub-tree
- Delete a sub-tree
--Move a sub-tree
VOLATILE STATUS
These functions form a log
illayer so we can develop code
independent of the LAL scr dule. This layer might vanish.
If that happens, the applicz. In will make calls directly
to the LAL.
USAGE OF PRIMITIVES
PDC deals with Graphics Primitives in
in 4 ways:
-
LIST OF PRIMITIVES
It processes them and puts them onto the LAL tree
It edits them on the LAL tree
It displays them in MS-Windows
It translates them jnto PostScript code
-ARC
- CIRCLE
- ELLIPSE
- PIE
- ELLIPTICAL ARC
- ELLIPTICAL-PIE
- MULTIPOINT
- SPLINE
IMPORT SARAH GRAPHICS We successfully read in the Sarah "Helicopter"
DDIF file with over 1000 line segments and
were able to display it in PostScript and edit
it with XPRESS.
Here are the steps we took:
- The Sarah prototype generated a OOIF file
- File format was translated to KOOOIF format
- POC used KOOOIF to read the file into a POC tree.
Note that the imported image was not exactly the
same as the original Sarah one because the poe
prototype chose to ignore certain attributes in the
DOIF file due to schedule constraints.
WRITING PORTABLE CODE All the POO, XPRESS and HARTER code was
written in e in a portable m lner. The prototype
ran on the VAX and the Ra .. jbow with no
major difficulties.
FILE SIZES
-.-
We did some file size polling for the prototype.
Here's a comparison of relative file sizes:
~ OECsiide file
- 100%
- POC flat file
- <500/0
- ASCII DDIF file
- >300%
- Binary ODIFfile
- <500/0
•
Interfaces and Data Formats
for Transfer and Communication
-
in Computer Graphics Systems
J. Encarnacao
J.
Schonhut
Graphjsche und Geometrje-Normen
. fur Graphjsche
S~
Jteme
und jhre Anwendungen
I
~I_. _.__
-
,
..
,.-
.
-
.,.-
Text Models
J. Schonhut
~---.:--
.
--
· Text Models in Documents and Graphics
3
basic Models:
- Text &Graphics side by side
Ugraphicsu text & Utext Utext
- everything Text:
Mosaic~Graphics
only
- everything Graphics:
shaul d simp] i fy si tua t ion.
BUT
DDIF GKS
Attributes
CEPT
----------------------------------------~-----------
Backgroud (color)
Color
Font
Rendition
-Tab Stops
Wrap Format
Quad Format
Line Spacing
Position (hor iz. /vert.
Precision
Path
Left Margin
Right- Margin
Indent
Top Margin
Bottom MarginVertical Alignment·.~ . Horizontal Alignment
Up Vector
Spacing
Expansion
* abs/rel)
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*if
*
*
*
*
if
* if
* *
* *
1£*
* *
Attributes
(continued)
DDIF GKS CEPT
----------------------------------------------------
Under-line
Size (normal, double height,
double width, double)
Flash
if
if
if
. Conceal
Invert
Marked (for further action)
Protected
"-- C'
-
~"
J~
~
if.
if
if
if
Textprocessing:
string --) break into resp. catenate
multiple lines, hyphenation, blocks
a.
-----)
----lD
processable
b.
2D
Graphics:
string --) exact po ~tioning of
strings, no modificL :ion
c.
2D
c.
d.
or even
3D
-----)
-------
proces~a·ble
therg is
NO simple way of mapping b. to c. in
general case except if breaking it
down to single characters.
Current~y
I
~'-~
A
'"'
r-. __
J__ ._
"""_ .• 1
AA_
-1_
,
__
2D
CAD
Appllcation
CAD Appl. Layer
Pre8enta.tton
Graphic8
Application
P.G.A. layer
. . . ------+-------- Appl. layer Interface
Product Data - - langulge Binding
_- - ~----------¥-Grlphics Syete.
language Binding Interface
-- -- --
Functional Interface
Multi Morkstation Interface
I I
--'
\
Morketation Interface
\
-----_ .... ----
\ Dacu.ent Interface
Docul8nt Picture Interface
Meta,ile Interface
RelOte Morketatlon
FhG-AGD
Functional and Data Interfaces
Presentation Graphics Layer on Top
of GKS
Interface GKS - Presentation Graphics
Package
- primitives
- data structures
- cluster/levels
Interface to the ·Environment
- operating system
. - language binding
- interface to data h.andling util.it-ies
- interface to methods handling utilities·
Operator In~erface
- passive/interactive
- dialog
- interaction techniques
GKS jn a Network Envjronment
WSI of GKS opens possibility of using
GKS in a network environment
GKS oriented communication protocol is
based .on services supplied by the
T.70 transport protocol
OFN
J_.-___~_ _ ~_ _
L
.. ,
_
,
I
~_ _
Product Definition Data
-
STEP
PDES
SET
MAP Manufacturing Automation
Pro~ocol (General Motors)
- EDIF Electronic Design
Interchange -Format
GraphJcs in Documents
Two Standards:
- Standard General Markup Language SGML
- Office Document Architecture/Office
Document Interchange Format GOA/DOIF
- logical and layout st~ucture
- processible and image· form
- integrate graphics in fOI of
graphics metafiles
- compound documents
u
J --~-
-_____ _L _
IGES
IGES includes three entity types:
- geometry (point, line, circle ... )
- dimensioning/annotation (label ... )
- structure (drawing, fan t and view
relationships)
IGES history -- NBS standard
. - ANSI standard (immature
~
age)
VOAFS
Geometric entities:
- point
- point set
- point vector set
- composite curve (include
parametric splines)
- parametric spl-ine
_ __
-
C:J~,
-
~
C
~__~LC_O__
-
~~=---
---:=----'----
_
sur~face
Videotex
- alpha-mosaic character graphics
- scanned image facsimile mode graphics
- geometrically encoded graphics
subset of GOS as Videotex Standard
Geometric Encoding
outpu~
NAPLPS
. - not efficient encoding
- poor functionality
IGES
IGES fi 1e contains:
- Prolog Section
- Global Section
- Directory Entry Section
- Parameter Data Section
- Terminator Section
IGES file concept is stron,
to the "transfer of drawin~
n_-l-_
'y
5 II
directed
CGM
-
descriptor elements
control elements
picture descriptor elements
graphical elements
attribute elements
escape elements
external elements
. used as GKS Level 0 Metafi
3
Device & Wkst Interfaces
Workstation Interface (WSI)
Separation of
- GK5 Kernel
- GKS Workstation
CGI (ISO)
ECMA GOS
- GKS functionality
- adaption of the output subset .. bY·,CEPT
(
.L\_ .
I
...!
_
_
~
_
1.1'" _
J,...
'T_~.~ .~.~
-
-=
-"\ .1'""L1""'\'~--=-
- -
-
.
Functional Standards
-
GKS (ISO 7942)
GKS-3D
PHIGS
PHI-GKS
-
Migration-Issue
- from GKS to GKS-3D
- from GKS-3D to PHI-GKS
- from GKS-3D to PHIGS
FhG
-
AGe
Graphics Metafiles
Ideally: formats for star ing
transmitting pictures device
application independent
GKSM
GKSM contains:
- file/picture header
- end item
- control items
- output primitive items
- attribute items
- non graph i ca 1 items (user items)
GKSM: input & output workstation
Data Interfaces
-
GK~
PHIG~
PHI-GKS & Language Bindings
CEPT Videotex (GOS subset)
CGI (VOl)
CGM (VDM)
US Videotex Interface NAPLPS
IGES, VDAFS, SET, STEP
SGML &ODA/OBIF
Presentation Graphics (b,- 'ed on GKS)
GKS Impact
- VLSI support _of GKS implementations
- GKS-based applications for LANs and
WANs.
Computer Graphics Standards
Milestones
1974
1975
1976
GSPC by ACM SIGGRAPH
DIN
SEILLAC I (Methodology in
Computer Graphics)
~-- -
-----,~. -==
---~-=
~
---
r"\'
_
_
-1 _
~----!~
_ __
Graphics System
- Operator (User)
- Graphics Support System (Services)
- Other User Interface Support
System (Ser vices)
- App~ication Functions
- Generic Action Routines
- Data Base -
Graphics System
- Application
- Control
- Heuristics
- Model
- Model Metafiles (Design Data)
- Model Data-- Manageme"nt
- Graphics
- Graphics Viewing
- Request Processing
- Graphics Metafiles
~
".--.
- User (Operator 0 f the" Computer-Ai ded
Envjronment based on a Graphics Support)
_T _
.L _ _ -J •• _
4-.':
~_~~.
Comparison
of
-
DDIF, SGML and GOA/GOfF
J. Schonhut
:-------- --------Fh-G=-A-GO ------------------:
~
-~.
____________________________________________ J
~--------------------------------------------,
~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA~I
I
~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA~
~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAI
I
~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
The·~--House
of Ni colaus
aBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBa
~BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBa·
..
I
I
aBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBa
~BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBa
I I
aBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBa
BBBBBB
:', ument_Descr iptor
, .ajar_version
inor_version
',: p]ication_id
roductJlame
,
:11
o (?)
11 (?)
2**15 (not registered)
"51 i deX"
,I
~umentYrofile
il'Tit1e
!~uthor
!Version
IOate
:I')r:(l t ("'
lr .,
n
I
J
"DDIF Example"
"FhG-AGD Daun/Puchtler/Schoenhut
"0. 00 "
"22-May-1986 09: 23: 23. 00"
fontfile (?)
1/
'I
i
1
DDIF Example
page 1
r;umentJleader
Dage_Layout_Defs
Page_DescJVame "Testpage"
Blocks
Block_Desc
Lower_Left
944,944 (2cm,2cm)
Upper _Right
472,9440 (lcm, 20cm)
Block_Content
Begin_Segment
Segment_Id
"Fhg Logo"
TEXTB_Content
"FhG-AGD"
End_Segment
BlockJJesc
Iii
Lower_Left
(29cm,2cm)
13700,944
,II
Upper _Right
1416, 9440 . (3cm, .20cm)
ii
I
,G-AGO
. ., ,
page
2
o
'I
ument_Content
egin_Segment
Local_A t tributes
Segment~indings
I
Registered_Tag
,14
(Paragraph_tag)
lfEXTB_Content "AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA~AA . .. AA II
Ii
I
~egin_Segment.
\1
I
Local~ ttr ibutes
.
'.
!I"
Segment~indings
Registered_Tag
21
Frame~ttributes
Frame_Height
Frame_Width.
3780 (Bcm)
3780 (Bcm)
, I
I
1:"1
~G-AGO
,I,
OOIF Example
page 3
FrameYosition
Frame_XYosjtion
X_Rel
2
(frame_x_center)
Frame_Y~osition
, I
Y_Rel
0
(FrameJ'_centered)
Top_Space
472 (1cm)
Quadrant
1
(Origin lower left) OPTIONAL
Frame_Transform
(coordinates in range of)
Sx 378
(O to 10 scaled to full frame)
Sy 378
Color _Map .
o (backgrour rI h ~~)
0
0
1
1
(foreground whi tel
1
1
1
o (pure r,eri for house)
0
1
1
Line_attributes
Line_Color
2
1 .
'lG-AGO
DDIF Exarr01 e
page 4
o
II,
':<~ul t ipoin t
Points
3, 2, 7,6, 5, 8, 3, 6, 7, 2, 3, 2, 3, 6, 7, 6, 7, 2
1fnd_Segmen t
1:1
1~:1eg in_Segmen t
,!
LocaJ_Attributes
Segment_Bindings
Reg is t ered_Tag
Frame_Attributes
472 (1cm)
Frame_Height
3780 (Bcm)
Frame_Width
FrameYosition
Frame_XYosition
X_Re1
2
Frame_YYosi tion
.
Y_Rel
0
(Frame.Y_centered)
Top_Space
472 (lcm)
Bottom_Space 944 (2cm)
,i,1
(':1----,.------------------------~
'IG-AGO
OOIF Example
page 5
1'1
II
~XTB_Content
"Ttle .House of Nicolaus
II
,:ld_Segmen t
~XTB_Content
"BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB .... 8"
1d_Segment
I
I
.
i
1,1
"J-AGD
DDIF Exarr Oe
page 6
. LEMENT P
(#RCDATA)
. LEMENT
GRAPHIC - 0 ((CGM / CGMREF), SUBTITLE?)
REGUIRED
SIlEX .' NUMBER
REQUIRED
SIlEY
NUMBER .
I:
POSX
(FLOAT / FIXED)
FLOAT
FLOAT
(FLOAT I FIXED)
POSY
XO
NAME
UNKNOWN
YO
NAME
UNKNOWN
Xl
NAME
UNKNOWN
.
Yl
NAME
UNKNOWN
. (CENTER / LEFT / RT0"TI
XALIGN
CENTER
YALIGN
(CENTER / TOP / BOTTOM)
CENTER
SCMODE
(UNIFORM / NONUNJF)
UNIFORM
ORIENT
( 0 / 90 I 180 / ~70 )
0
"1"
PleNUM
NUMBER
FRAME
(FRAME / NOFRAME)
NOFRAME
>
:1
i
1;1
'I
II
. ,
,
SGML Element Definitions
am
. r ,$$,#A42";:;&420 : t
theA
;,
;i il444
Z4Mmi"AM4*.EZ4:::ssq . $ g,.A . "gg.P,U¥4!, "Ll . "." .4.4#1 ,.,,,. , ..
>
page 1.
LE-MENT CGM
CODING
CEMENT BANNER
TEXT
LEMENT CGMREF
(CLEAR
- 0
(#CDATA)
CHAR)
NULL
I
· (ICDA TA)
- 0
",' .NONE
>
>
;
FILE
CONREF
CODING
(CLEAR I CHAR)
(IRCDATA)
LEMENT SUBTITLE - 0
S-AG[
CLEAR
I
I
REGUIRED
CLEAR
SGML Element DE Qnitions
>
>
page 2
·,
.
nner text= "FhG-AGD ">
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA ... A
aphic sizex="80" sizey="80" >
m>
I
MF "NICOLAUS";
SION 1;
MLIST "ORAWINGPLUS";
TYPE REAL
PIC OFF, 1, "BILO 1";
PICBOOY;
OR TABLE 1, (1, 0, 0);
.'_ INE COLOR 1;
SGML Markup Example
:G-AGO
"MPIt$IO$
,a;
A )),'$I)P
Ai
Ii 4,
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COMPOUND. DOCUMENT SYSTEMS
JULY 1986
Jim Kapadia
Wqr-kstation & Terminal SW Arch.
',381·2326
. ZK02-3/Q08
ELUDOM::KAPADIA
~BmBDmD
1
· COMPOUND DOCUMENTS?
~BmBDmD
·2·
Kapadia 7/86
COMPOUND DOCUMENTS
USER'S VIEW OF COMPOUND DOCUMENT SYSTEM:
• COMPOSITE DOCUMENT PROCESSING FuNcTION
. TEXT, LINE GRAPHICS ...
. IMAGES
• OPTIONAL FUNCTIONS LIKE:
.GRAPHING & CHARTING
. SPREAD SHEETS
. FORMS
.DATA BASE QUERRY
. IN ESSENCE, AN INTEGRATED SET OF FUNCTIONS (applications)
• OPERATING ON MULTI·MODE DATA (text, graphics, .. )
• PERFORMING IN A UNIFIED MANNER
• APPEARING TO BE ONE SYSTEM TO THE USER
~D~DDmD
-3·
Kapadia 7i86
WHAT IS A COMPOUND DOCUMENT?
• ORGANIZED COLLECTION OF DATA
· TEXT, GRAPHICS, IlVIAGES, ...
· PLUS OTHER STRUCTURED DATA LIKE
· CHARTS, GRAPHS, TABLES ...
• FOR THE PURPOSE OF PRESENTATION TO USER
• CAPABLE OF BEING EFFICIENTLY PROCESSED
•
•
PROCe. SSOI\
-
-~
Go tY\ PO U Nl>
'Doc,", ME NT
-~
Dt\,A
....
....
P~E..SENTA·TION
~D~DDmD
·4·
Kapadia j/86
OPERATIONS ON COMPOUND DOCUMENTS
• RENDER . DISPLAY, PRINT,
...
• REVISE, EDIT, MODIFY, PROCESS,
• EXCHANGE, INTERCHANGE,
• TRANSMIT, RECIEVE,
lVl~A.IL,
...
...
COpy
• RETRIEVE & ACCESS
· ....
~DmDDmD
·5·
___ ~padia 7i 86
DEFINITIONS
-.,
r
REv, SA 8 ~ e:
FORM
-
t=O~ MA.TIN&-
r-,
,......
r
N A l.
r=~ R f\1
PROCe.SS.
~
• REVISABLE FORlVl:
CD REPRESENTATION LENDING TO EFFICIENT
MODIFICATION, REVISION, AND PROCESSING
ABSTRACT
RELATIONSHIPS
NECESSARY
MODIFICATIONS ARE PRESERVED
FOR
• FINAL FORM:
CD REPRESENTATION READY FOR ENDERING ON A
DISPLAY DEVICE (VIDEO, PRIN1·ER, .. ) FOR THE
HUMAN'• FORMATTING:
PROCESS BY WHICH COMPOUND DOCUMENT DATA
IN A REVISABLE FORM IS TRANSFORMED INTO
FINAL FORM SUITABLE FOR RENDERING FOR USER
• DATA INTERCHANGE FORMAT:
REPRESENTATION OF DATA IN A FORM THAT LENDS
ITSELF TO INTERCHANGE BETWEEN TWO PARTIES
FOR THE PURPOSE OF INTERCHANGE AT A GIVEN
LEVEL OF EXPECTATION
~DmDDmD
-6·
Kapadia 7;86
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SYSTEM
• TRANSPARENT DATA INTERCHANGE BETWEEN FUNCTIONS
• UNIFIED & COHERENT USER INTERFACE TO THE SYSTEM
• SMOOTH USER TRANSITION BETWEEN FUNCTIONS
• SEAMLESS FUNCTIONALITY OF SYSTEl\'{
• ABIILITY TO ADD FUNCTIONS
ABOVE IMPLIES:
AN OPEN ENDED
COMPOUND DOCUMENT SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
~DmDDmD
·7·
___ .________---.Kaoadia 7;86
SCENARIO TODAY
PRODUCTS LIKE ALLIS, SYMPHONY... . TIP OF ICEBERG
· INFORMATION SHARING AMONG VARIOUS PEOPLE
· MULTIPLE FUNCTIONS CORRESPONDING TO NEEDS
· PRESENTATION OF MULTIMODE DATA TO USERS
Kapadia 7'86
LIKELY FUTURE ,SCENARIO , '
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COMPOUND DOCUMENT SYSTEM
ARCHITECTURE
SOFTWARE/
HARD\VARE
FUNCTIONAL
COMPONENT
• Document Processing
• Creator S\V
Editors· \VYSI\VYG, Batch ... ; Text, Gra'phics!
• Spread Sheet Processors
• Forms Processors
• Chart Processors
• Formatting
• Print
Formatte~·-;
• Display Forma ers
• Printing
• Printers . Laser, Impact, ..
• Display
• Video . WSs, pes, Terminals
• Display System SW
. Graphics Subsystem
. Drivers
PLP Translators
~B~BDmD
·10·
Kapadia 7;86
COMPOUND DOCUMENT SYSTEM
ARCHITECTURE
FUNCTIONAL
COMPONENT
SOFTWAREI
HARDWARE
• Data Interchange
• Intra-DEC: DDIF/DDIS Format
Intra-vendor: IBl.\tI, "Vang, ..
ODIF, DCA, .. Gateways
• Document Distribution
• Networking Services
• Mail Services
• Intra-Cluster Sp"vices
• Document File Storage
• DDIF/DDIS Fj " Storage & Access Services
• DDIF/DDIS File Access
• DDIF/DDIS File Storage
• User Document Retrieval • Document Access & Retrieval System
_~_
. File Cabinets, ..
. File Folders, ...
• System- (OS) Support
• OS Utilities
. Copy, Mail, Type, Print, ....
~D~DDmD
-11-
Kapadia 7:86
••
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DOCUMENT PROCESSING/PRINTING (BATCH)
A LA RUNOFF, DOCUMENT
~Te~- r. tI AN &cE
FOll\'\AT
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INTERCHANGE BETWEEN
UNLIKE DEVICES · VIDEO & PRINTERS
NerwaRt<
(~A'~ OR WflN)
OR
c: (,...\lSt TE~
COMP
bOe
D()G
1:"\
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~DmDDmD
_ _ _ ·1~
Kapadia 7/86
APPLICATION VIEW OF DATA
Application
I
DDIF Access
Routines
Compound Data Format
DDIF
DDI S
Acce
Rou..t.'Y\ es
Self Defined Data Encoding
DDIS
Data Storage Format
FILES·II
1
RMS(VMS)
Physical Data
~D~DDmD
·16·
Kapadia 7/86
USER'S VIEW OF COMPOUND DATA
User
I
Presentation Level Protocol
Final Form
Device
i
Final Form
Revisable Form
Standar( Data Interchange Format
Raw Data from Domains
Data Capture
I
~BmBDmD
·17·
Kapadia 7/86
EXAMPLE· COMPOUND DOCUMENT DOMAINS
WYSIWYG editor
ala SARAH
DOCUMENT
Text, Graphics, Images
CHART/GRAPH
GRAPHER/CHARTER
ala DECgraph
TABLES
SPREADSHEETS
ala DECcalac
FORM
FORMS PACAKGE
ala VAXforms
t
-USER INTERFACE
~DmDDmD
·18·
Kapadia ii86
ISSUES
• ARCHITECTURE
• PRODUCT STRATEGY
• PRODUCT PLAN
~DmDD~D
·19·
Kapadia 7'86
ARCHITECTURE
• NEED AN OPEN SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
• A MUST FOR THE LONG
~fERM
• FOUNDATION BLOCKS IN OR BEING PUT IN PLACE
• OPEN ARCHITECTURE . DEC'S EDGE OVER COMPETETION
• DIAF . ARCHITECTURE REVIEW PROCESS NEEDED
• RESOURCES . NEED PARTICIPATION & HELP
~1~IDmD
·20·
Kapadia 7,86
STATUS
• FORMING DIAF . MEMO/CHARTER OUT
• DATA INTERCHANGE ARCHITECTURE FORUl\1
. OVERALL REVIEW GROUP
. OVERVIEW, ARCHITECTURE & STRATEGY DEVELOP:\IENT 'GR
• OVERVIEW & TAXONOMY IN WORKS
• SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE OVERVIEW
~DmDDmD
·21·
T'{
WORKS
Kapadia i,'86·
PRODUCT STRATEGY
• WORKING ON A SSG PROPOSAL
• DEC PRODUCTS:
· SARAH *
· wPs va *
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
DECGRAPH
DECSLIDE
VAXFORMS *
DECPAGE
RUNOFF
DSRR *
DOCUMENT *
TEAM DATA/RALLY
FMS
ALL·IN·!
MAIL (which one?)
~DmDDmD
·22·
Kapadia 7i86
PRODUCT STRATEGY
ISSUES
GOOD NEWS:
· SEVERAL FUNCTIONS AVAILABLE . POTENTIAL'S THERE!
BAD NEWS:
·
·
·
·
·
EACH PRODUCT UNTO ITSELF
LIMITED OR NO DATA INTERCHANGE BETWEEN FUNCTIONS
DIFFERENT USER INTERFACES
ROUGH SEAMS SHOWING BETWEEN FUNCTIONS
FUNCTIONALITY MA_TCHING WITH USER EXPECTATIONS
· WHO IS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE
sysr
~DmDDmD
·23·
:M PRODUCT?
Kapadia 7;'86
• j)/)JF/b1)JS
-
M/ljtllt
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•
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y()VA
J)~JN ~
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IN
sys TeMS
SlideX:
A Graphics Interpreter
in Practical:Use
Dr . Juergen Schoenhut
. June
86.
Schoe
produced
t ·
51 i deX:
An Example for Integration
-
-
of Text- and Graphics.
J. Schonhut
SlideX - ERLGRAPH - GKSMINT
Design - Principles
Portability of the System
FORTRAN
Machine Independence
(trade off with Efficiency)
Modular Structure
Use of Standards (GKS)
Building Blocks
Machine Independenc-e 0f Output"
Device Independence of Output
via GKSH
User Interface
Simple
more complex for complex Applications
June 86, Schoe
produced b
SlideX - structure
Layer Model with SlideX, ERLGRAPH and GKS
SlideX, ERLGRAPH Application Program
Erlangen Graphics System
GKS fORTRAN Language Bindg.
Graphical Kernel
operatinlg
Other Ressources
June 86. Schae
~ystem
Systm
Graphics Devices-:.
produced
L/
GKSMINT - Metafile Interpreter
Menue Control
Device Adaptation of Pictures
SlideX - ERL GRAPH ,
Tool Kit System for Picture Construction
Calls with few Parameters
Many simple Calls
Default Settings
All Defaults-can be changed
, Primitives of GKS available
Line, Marker, Text, Fill AreL
Cell Array
Attributes of GKS available
Color, Line Width, Line Type, Fill Style
Clipping
User defined Rectangles
Drawjng Sheet
Blanking
Convex Polygons (--> Fill Area)
June 86. Schoe
oroduced Lj
Coordinate Systems
SlideX - ERLGRAPH
User Coordinates
UC 2D
(em, hard clip limits)
Problem Coordinates PC 2D
(Units defined according to Problem,
Position in UC 2D arbitrar~
Clipping possible)
User Coordinates
UC 3D
(Unit of the _Us~r Volume.
Format Filling -Projection by
Viewing Transformation)
.Pr.oblem Coordinates PC 3D
(Units defined according to 1-, 1oble~
Position in UC 3D arbitrart
Page Concept in SlideX additional
Page - all 4 Coord. Systems
.~--+ Line Positioning
Picture - all 4 Coord. Systems
within Rectangle within Page
June 86. Schae
produced
L/
B-,.,,,,,
2
1
1.0
.s
o.
-2D
1
o ~--~------~------*-~~
-1
1
-1
.s
ERLGRAPH Features
Sli·deX
SlideX
ERLGRAPH
ED Base Software
Oralting Sheet Administration
Definition, EXcluded Areas
Lines
+ Attributes
Text
+ Attributes
Symbols
+ Attributes
Fill Areas + Attributes
Typwr iter Mode
Geometric Figures
High Level ED 'Software
only froll Arrays
Problem Coordinate Systems
cartesian, Polar,
Linear, Logaritllllic
Axes
Curves
Contour Lines
Cell Arrays
{
SlideX Extensions
Business Graphics
StruktograllS
Syntax OiagrallS
3D Software
-or: -
only from Arrays
June 86.
Schae
l_
Projections
Problem Coordinates
Axes
Area Ne ts (Hidden Lines)
3D Contour Lines (- ._)
produced
t~'
SlideX. state Diagram
macro definition,
all commands
not generating
graphics output
PAGE
structogram
typeJrlr'iter
STRUCTBEG
END
5 TRUC TEND
a.ll commands
except END,
open picture.
typeJrlri te mode
BLOCKPIC. . ENDPIC
FREEPIC PAGE
END
all commands
except typewriter mode,
ENDPIC, PAGE and END
SlideX -
Typewriter Mode
PAGESIlE, width, hight
PAGNR,n
SETCOa coding
PAGE (, name)
COMMENT, text
SETAH, n - SETAO, n
NOPAGNR - ONPAGNR
LIST
NOLIST
END
LMARGIN, Ii
_
~_RMARGIN, re
ADJUST (, min fill, maxfill) 'NOADJUST
IN, n
DU~
TOP - SETTOP, dis t
SETLIN£, dist
SETTHL hight
DOUBLE - HALF
TYPE10 (, lines)
ASCII
BOTI ~M - SETBDTTOM, dist
NEGLF - SETLF, f ac
SETDST, fac -LARGER - SMALLER
TYPE12 (, lines)
CURSIV
DIN
NDCURSIV
SETPEN, index
BLACK RED GREEN BLUE
BACKGROUND, index
YELLOW MAGENTA
June ·86. Schae
produced JY
CYA~/
SlideX - Graphics Output
Picture Kindow
BLOCKPIC, breite, hoehe
FREEPIG, xlu, ylu, width, hight
ENDPIC
NOFRAME
ONFRAME
ERLGRAPH Commands
except Drawing· Sheet Definition / FORTRAN Functions
Figures (solid filled, hatched, hollow)
BOXf,'
xlu, ylu, xsize, ysize, rad,
bound, fill
NGONf,
n, xmirj, ymid, rad, strt,
bound, fill
CIRCLEf, xmirJ, ymid, rarJ,
bOlJnd, fill
ARCf,
xmid, ymid, rad, strt, ar
bound, fill
ELLIPSEf, xmirJ, ymid, a, b, axa,
bound, fill
ELLARCf, xmid, ymid, a, b. strt, ar~1 axa, _bound, fill
Connections ans Labels
-.
ARROW, aimx, aimy
ARRONa dx, dy .
BRACES, xl, il, x2, y2, aimx, aimy
BOOMERANG, xl, Yl, aimx, aimy (, arrow)
BOOMERANG2, xl, yl, x2, y2, aimx, aimy (, arrow)
BOOMRADIUS, rad
TEXTCENTER, string
TXTEXT, string
June 86. Schoe
oroduced Ly
Example for SlideX - Graphics
Hithin a Blockpic a Rectangle and a filled
Rectangle wi th "rounded Corners" is drawn.
#bo~
L
3, 4
#sethch, 0.2, 135
#boxf, 4, 3, 5, 4, 0.5, 1, 1
2,
June 86, Schoe
produced LY
SlideX . -
Variables
DEFINE, name
DEFINE, name, diml
DEFINE, name, diml, dim2
PURGE, name
- SET, name, expr
SET, name (i 1 (, i2)}, expr
APPENa name, liste
EVICT, name, retain
COPY, from, to, start, end, step
CA TENA TE, name, string1 (, str ing2)
DUMP, expr
DISPLA Y, string
SlideX - Functions
INT (X) DIV (Xl, -X2).
ABS (X) SORT (X)
EXP (X) LN (X)
ATAN (X) COS (X)·
NO T(A) AND (A 1, A2)
CHAR (I) [CHAR (e)
MOD (Xl,~ X2) RND (X)
SGN (X)
MAX (Xl, X2) 'fIN (Xl, X2)
LOG (X)
SIN (X)
DR (A 1, A2)
HIGH(O}
XO(O)
XACT(O}
PAGE (0).
JtIDE(O)
XSfZE(O)
YAC.T(O)
PEN (0)
LINE (0).
YO (O) .
XTACT(O)
THI (0)
XEXT(O)
YEXT(O)
June 86. Schoe
produ.ced
LMAR (0) RMAR (O)
YSIZE(O)
YTACT(O)
CWI (O)
LF (0)
t;
SlideX' :. . Business Graphics
Bar Charts
BarChart, title, xlu, ylu, xsize,. ysize
BarEnd
Bar, value
Bars, array, len
LegendIte~~~ string1 .. 8
Labeld (xy) Ax, n, ticks
(xy) Label, str ing1 . . . 10
MonthXA~minmontn maxmonth
Integer (xy) Ax, min, max, ticks
Linear (xy) Ax, min,- max
Log (xy) Ax, min, max
BarVerti
BarRow
8arEvict
BarCoord
BarIndex (, index'.)
June 86, Schae
BarH[ Iz
BarCo_Jmn
CmCoord
produced t '
SlideX - Struktograms
~z_
-
------------------~--------~
~lternative
left
right
lIhile Loop
Repeat Loop
-.
..
Case Selection
,.
IBreak
June 86,' Schoe
producedb}
SlideX - Business Graphics
General Commands
BusiReset
BusiTitle, topflag
.FillSolid
ColorIndex, index
HatchIndex, index
FillHatch
Co1orMax, number
Pie Char·ts
PieChart, total, title
Piece, value, string-Explode, offset
MinExplode, offset
PieCenter, x, Y
PieAngl~ degrees
Pi eceLabe 1, index
June 86. Schoe
PieEnd
NoExr
~7de
PieRadius,
r-~'
PieTextEll, a, b
produced t
I
SlideX - Macros
Macro Definition, Invocation
MAC, macname
END",
ENTRY, macname
RETURN
DELMAC, macname
macname, (par list)
CALL, macname (, par list)
Control Structures
IF,
conditio~ command
IFNOT,
condition, command
Block-IF,
concjition THEN cmds (ELSE cmds) ENDIF
Block-IFNOT, condition THEN cmd, (ELSE tmds) ENDIF
FOR, varname, start, end, step
mds ENDFOR
REPEAT cmds UNTIL, condition
NHILE, condition cmds ENDNHILE
CASE, caseinc!.ex, labellist
60TD, name
LABEL, name
Source Exif Data:
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