EK VT320 UU 001_Installing_and_Using_The_VT320_Video_Terminal_Jun87 001 Installing And Using The Video Terminal Jun87

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User Manual: EK-VT320-UU-001_Installing_and_Using_The_VT320_Video_Terminal_Jun87

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EK-VT320-UU-001

Installing and Using

The VT320
Video Terminal

Prepared by Educational Services
of Digital Equipment Corporation

1st Edition, June 1987
Copyright © 1987 by Digital Equipment Corporation.
All Rights Reserved.
Printed in Hong Kong.
The reproduction of this material, in part or whole. is strictly prohibited. For
copy information, contact the Educational Services Department. Digital
Equipment Corporation, Maynard. Massachusetts 01753.
The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Digital
Equipment Corporation assumes no responsibility for any errors that may
appear in this document.
FCC Notice: This equipment generates and uses radio frequency energy and if
not installed and used properly, that is, in strict accordance with the
manufacturer's instructions, may cause interference to radio and television reception. It has been type tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class
B computing device in accordance with the specifications in Subpart J of part
15 of FCC Rules, which are designed to provide reasonable protection against
such interference in a residential installation. However. there is no guarantee
that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment
does cause interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to
correct the interference by one or more of the following measures.
•
•
•
•

Reorient the receiving antenna.
Relocate the computer with respect to the receiver.
Move the computer away from the receiver.
Plug the computer into a different outlet so that computer and
receiver are on different branch circuits.

If necessary, the user should consult the dealer or an experienced radiol
television technician for additional suggestions. The user may find the booklet
How to Identify and Resolve RadioII'V Interference Problems, prepared by the
Federal Communications Commission, helpful. This booklet is available from
the U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402, Stock No.
004-000-00346-4.

AT&T is a trademark of American Telephone and Telegraph Company.
The following are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation, Maynard,
Massachusetts.

mamaamo™
DEC
DECmate
DECnet
DECpage
DECsystem-l0
DECSYSTEM-20
DECserver
DEeUS

DECwriter
DIBOL
LAI2, LA36
LA50, LA75
LAI00, LA120
LA210
LQP02, LQP03
MicroVAX

MicroVMS
PDP
P/OS
Professional
Rainbow
ReGIS
RSTS
RSX

UNIBUS
VAX
VMS
VT
VT52, VT100, VT101, VT102
VT125, VT131, VT220,VT240
VT320, VT330, VT340
Work Processor

This manual was prepared using DECpage software and other in-house
documentation software.

CONTENTS

About This Manual • vii
Chapter 1 Installation • 1
Unpacking, 1
Installation, 2
Connectors, 5
Selecting the Correct Keyboard Language, 6
Selecting the Correct Baud Rate, 7

Chapter 2 A Look at the Terminal • 8
VT320 Components, 8
Terminal,9
Keyboard,9
How the VT320 Works, 9
Set-Up, 9
Emulating VT Series Terminals, 9
Character Sets, 10
Multinational Character Sets, 10
National Replacement Character Sets, 10
Summary, 11
CRT Saver Feature, 11

iii

Chapter 3 The Keyboard • 12
Main Keypad, 13
Editing Keypad, 14
Numeric Keypad, 14
Top-Row Function Keys, 15
Indicator Lights, 16
Audible Indicators, 16

Chapter 4 Set-Up • 18
Overview, 18
Entering and Leaving Set-Up, 19
Set-Up Screen Format, 19
How to Change Settings, 19
How to Save Your Settings, 20
Status Line, 20
A Guide to Set-Up Features, 21
Set-Up Directory Screen, 23
Display Set-Up Screen, 26
. General Set-Up Screen, 28
Communications Set-Up Screen, 32
Printer Set-Up Screen, 37
Keyboard Set-Up Screen, 40
Tab Set-Up Screen, 43

Chapter 5 Composing Characters • 44
What Characters Can I Use?, 44
If You Use a Multiantional Character Set, 44
If You Use a 7-Bit NRC Set, 45
Three-Stroke Sequences, 45
Using a Three-Stroke Sequence, 46
Two-Stroke Sequences, 46
Using a Two-Stroke Sequence, 46
Invalid Sequences, 47
Canceling or Restarting a Compose Sequence, 47

iv

CONTENTS

Chapter 6 Printers and Modems • 54
Printers, 54
Normal Mode: Printing Text from the Screen, 54
Auto Print Mode: Printing Text from the Host System, 54
Printer Controller Mode: Letting the Host Control the Printer, 55
Local Controller Mode: Setting Up the Printer, 55
Modems, 55

Chapter 7 Solving Problems and Getting Service • 56
Operating Problems, 56
Power-Up Self-Test, 57
Error Messages, 57
Digital Service, 58
On-Site Repair, 58
Off-Site Services, 59
How to Get Service, 59

Appendix A Specifications • 60
Appendix B Options and Documentation • 62
Options, 62
Related Documentation, 64
Ordering Information, 64

Appendix C Communication • 65
Cables, 65
XON/XOFF Flow Control, 66
Modem Connections and Disconnections, 67
Break Function, 68
Connector Signals, 68

Appendix 0 Keyboards • 72
Appendix E VT320 Control Function Summary • 81

CONTENTS

v

Glossary - 100
Index -105
Figures
2-1
2-2
3-1
3-2
3-3
3-4
4-1
C-l

VT320 Video Terminal, 8
Selecting a Character Set, 11
Keyboard, 12
Main Keypad, 13
Editing and Numeric Keypads, 14
Top-Row Function Keys and Indicator Lights, 15
Set-Up Screen Format, 19
Cables, 66

Tables
4-1
4-2
4-3
4-4
4-5
4-6
4-7
4-8
4-9
5-1
5-2
5-3
7-1
7-2
C-l
C-2

vi

Status Line Messages, 21
A Guide to Set-Up Features, 22
Set-Up Directory Features, 23
Display Set-Up Features, 26
General Set-Up Features, 28
Communications Set-Up Features, 32
Printer Set-Up Features, 37
Keyboard Set-Up Features, 40
Tab Set-Up Features, 43
Compose Sequences for Multinational Characters, 48
Compose Sequences for NRC Sets, Using Typewriter Keys, 51
Compose Sequences for NRC Sets, Using Data Processing Keys, 53
Operating Problems, 56
Screen Error Messages, 58
25-Pin RS232-C Comm Port Interface Signals, 69
6-Pin DEC-423 Comm and Printer Interface Signals, 71

CONTENTS

ABOUT THIS MANUAL

This manual provides the information you need to install, operate, and maintain
your VT320 video terminal. The manual also provides a summary of the control
functions that programmers can use when writing applications for the VT320
terminal. For more detailed programming information, you can order the VT320
Programm,er Reference Manual from Digital. See Appendix B for ordering information and a complete list of related documentation.
This manual describes the international version of the VT320 terminal, for·
Western European countries. A North American version is also available.

ORGANIZATION
This manual has seven chapters and five appendices.
•

Chapter 1, "Installation", describes how to connect your terminal to a
host computer system and select the correct baud rate.

•

Chapter 2, "A Look at the Terminal", gives you an overview of the
VT320 terminal and its features.·

•

Chapter 3, "The Keyboard", describes the function of the keyboard's
keys, bells, and indicator lights.

•

Chapter 4, "Set-Up" describes the VT320 set-up screens. You use the
set-up screens to change the settings of operating features from the
keyboard.

•

Chapter 5, "Composing Characters", describes how to select characters that do not appear as standard characters on your keyboard (for
example, accented letters).

vii

•

Chapter 6, "Printers and Modems", describes how to use a printer or
modem with the terminal.

•

Chapter 7, "Solving Problems and Getting Service", provides suggested solutions for typical operating problems and tells you where to
get more help.

•

Appendix A lists VT320 specifications.

•

Appendix B lists options, related documentation, and ordering
information.

•

Appendix C provides detailed information on communication with a
host computer system, including cables and connector signals.

•

Appendix D shows each keyboard model for the VT320 terminal.

•

Appendix E is a summary of the control functions that programmers
can use with the VT320 terminal. The appendix shows the character
sets built into the terminal.

CONVENTIONS
Warnings, cautions, and notes appear throughtout this manual. They have the
following meanings.
•

Warnings provide information to prevent personal injury.

•

Cautions provide information to prevent damage to the equipment.

•

Notes provide general operating information.

Set-up features and keyboard keys appear in bold type.
Examples:

Press the Return key.
Use the Clear Comm feature in the Set-Up Directory screen.

viii ABOUT THIS MANUAL

INSTALLATION

1

This chapter provides step-by-step instructions to install and turn on your terminal. Perform each step in order.

Unpack and check the contents of each carton.
If you have missing or damaged items, contact your sales representative and
delivery agent.

KEYBOARD
LEGEND STRIP
KEYBOARD

VIDEO TERMINAL

POWER CORD
KEYBOARD STANDOFFS

OWNER'S MANUAL

LOCAL LANGUAGE
MANUAL (IF NEEDED)
MA· 019:J.87

Place the terminal on a level surface.
If you have the optional tilt-swivel base, install it now. The base comes with

installation instructions. To order the base, see Appendix B.
1

Install the keyboard's legend strip and standoffs.
To install the legend strip, slide it under the tabs.

Connect the keyboard to the video terminal.
1.

The keyboard. cable is already connected to the keyboard and routed
to the left. If you want the cable routed to the right, remove the
cable from the short groove and press it into the long groove.

2.

Insert the other end of the cable into the connector on the right side
of the terminal.

SHORT
GROOVE

LONG
~
GROOVE

KEYBOARD (BOTTOM VI EW)
KEYBOARD CABLE

2

INSlALLAliON

--

~

/.1

~/

Match the power cord to your wall outlet.

~~V@

~~~

@~~
Make sure the power switch is off (0). Then plug the power
cord into the terminal and into the wall outlet.

~

~

WALL
OUTLET

7
MA·0563·87

INSTALLATION

3

Turn on your terminal.
1.

Turn the power switch on (1).

2.

Listen for a bell tone from the keyboard. Then wait about 15 seconds
for a "VT320 OK" message to appear on the screen.

NOTE: If you had problems, see "Operating Problems" in Chapter 7.

Set the brightness and contrast controls.
1.

Set the brightness and contrast to maximum.

2.

Decrease the brightness until the background (raster) just disappears.

3.

Decrease the contrast to the desired intensity.
RASTER

. MAX

MIN

( ) CONTRAST
CONTROL

-'0':' BRIGHTNESS
/ I " CONTROL

BLACK
SCREEN
MA-Ol86-87

4

INSTALLATION

Adjust the viewing angle.
Grasp the terminal and raise the rear, until the screen is at the desired viewing
angle.

TI LT MECHANISM
MA-0179-87

Connect the system cable and printer cable (If used).
25-PIN RS232
COMMUNICATION
PORT

PRINTER
PORT

SYSTEM
CABLE
MA-0282-87

You connect your system cable to one of the two communication ports on the
rear of the terminal - the 25-pin RS232 connector or the 6-pin DEC-423 connector. Check your system cable to see whether you have a 25-pin plug or a
6-pin jack.
Only one communication port is active at a time. By default, the 25-pin RS232
port is active.

INSTALLATION

5

If you use a 25-pin system cable: Simply plug the cable in. Then go on to the

next section, "Selecting the Correct Keyboard Language".
If you use a 6-pin system cable: You must set the Host Port Selection feature

in the Communications Set-Up screen to "DEC-423, Data Leads Only", as
follows.

NOTE: Chapter 4 shows each set-up screen.
1.

Press the Set-Up key to display the Set-Up Directory.

2.

Use the B key to move the cursor to "Comm". Press the Enter
key to display the Communications Set-Up screen.

3.

Use the arrow keys to move the cursor to "RS232, Data Leads
Only". Press Enter to change the setting. Each time you press Enter,
a new setting appears. Stop when t~e setting reads "DEC-423, Data
Leads Only". If you go too far, keep pressing Enter until the setting
is correct.

4.

Use the arrow keys to move the cursor to "To Directory". Press
Enter to display the Set-Up Directory again.

5.

Move the cursor to "Save". Press Enter to save your new setting.
Each time you turn on the terminal, the VT320 will use the "DEC423, Data Leads Only" setting.

6.

Press Set-Up to leave set-up.

After you connect the system cable, the terminal is ready for use with your
host system. If your terminal fails to operate, see "Operating Problems" in
Chapter 7.

SELECTING THE CORRECT KEYBOARD LANGUAGE
You must select the appropriate keyboard language from the Set-Up
Directory screen, as follows.

NOTE: Chapter 4 shows each set-up screen.

6

1.

Press the Set-Up key to display the Set-Up Directory.

2.

Use the arrow keys to move the cursor to "North American
Keyboard" .

3.

Press the Enter key to select the setting you want. Each time you
press Enter, the setting changes. There are 15 possible settings.

INSTALLATION

4.

Move the cursor to "Save". Press the Enter key to save your new
keyboard language setting. Each time you turn on the terminal, the
VT320 will use your saved settings.

5.

Press Set-Up to leave set-up.

SELECTING THE CORRECT BAUD RATE
The VT320 is initially set to a baud rate of 9600. This setting works with most
Digital systems. The baud rate setting must match the baud rate of your host
system. If you need to change the setting, use the following steps.
NOTE: Chapter 4 shows each set-up screen.
1.

Press the Set-Up key to display the Set-Up Directory.

2.

Use the B key to move the cursor to "Comm". Press the Enter
key to display the Communications Set-Up screen.

3.

Use the arrow keys to move the cursor to "Transmit = 9600". There
are 10 possible settings, from 75 to 19,200 baud. Press Enter until
the correct setting for your system appears.

4.

The receive speed is set to "Receive = Transmit". Do not change this
feature, unless your system uses different transmit and receive
speeds.

5.

Move the cursor to "To Directory". Press Enter to display the Set-Up
Directory again.

6.

Move the cursor to "Save". Press Enter to save your new baud rate
setting. Each time you turn the terminal on, the VT320 will use this
setting.

7.

Press Set-Up to leave set-up.

INSTALLATION

7

2

A LOOK AT THE TERMINAL

The VT320 is a general-purpose video display terminal that lets you interact
with software applications on a host computer system. This chapter provides a
brief overview of the VT320 terminal and how it operates.

VT320 COMPONENTS
The VT320 terminal has two main components, a monitor/terminal unit and
keyboard (Figure 2-1). The monitor/terminal unit is sinlply called the terminal
in the rest of this manual.

MA·0182·B7

Figure 2-1

8

VT320 Video Terminal

Terminal
The VT320 uses a 356 mm (14 inch) monochrome screen that can display 24
lines of text, in 80 or 132 columns. Line 25 is reserved for the terminal's
status line. You can connect the terminal to a host computer, terminal server,
or modem. You can also connect a printer directly to the terminal.

Keyboard
The keyboard has four groups of keys and four indicator lights, described in
Chapter 3. The main keypad is similar to a typewriter keyboard. The keyboard
cable connects to the right side of the terminal.
There are 15 models of the VT320 keyboard available, for different languages.
Appendix D shows the 15 keyboards.

HOW THE VT320 WORKS
You use the keyboard to interact with an application on your system. You send
data to the application by typing on the keyboard. Data sent by the application
appears as text on the screen. You can print text from the VT320, if you have
a printer connected to the terminal.
Applications use programming functions to perform many operations. The
VT320 can work with standard American National Standards Institute (ANSI)
functions.

Set-Up
The VT320 has a series of set-up screens that list the operating features of the
terminal. You can display these screens and change feature settings from the
keyboard.
For example, the VT320 has an On-LinelLocal feature. You can only set this
feature from set-up. When you use the "On-Line" setting, the VT320 can communicate with your host system.
To enter set-up, you press the Set-Up key. Chapter 4 describes set-up.

Emulating VT Series Terminals
The VT320 can also operate as a VT200 series, VT100 series, or VT52 terminal. You select the operating mode from the General Set-Up screen (Chapter
4). There are four possible settings.

A LOOK AT THE TERMINAL

9

•
•

VT300 mode, 7-bit controls
VT300 mode, 8-bit controls

•
•

VT100 mode
VT52 mode

The factory default setting is VT300 mode, 7-bit controls. This mode is fully
compatible with VT200 series terminals. Use this mode for VT200 applications.
Factory-default settings are the initial settings the terminal uses when shipped
from the factory. These settings are permanently stored in the terminal's
memory. You can use set-up to reset the VT320 to the factory-default settings
at any time.

CHARACTER SETS
The VT320 has two types of built-in character sets, for use with different types
of computer systems.
8-bit multinational sets
7-bit national replacement character sets
You 'can select from 2 multinational sets or 12 national replacement character
sets (NRCs). You use the Character Set Mode feature in the General Set-Up
screen (Chapter 4) to select the type of character set: "8-Bit Characters" for
multinational sets, or "7-Bit Characters" for NRC sets.

Multinational Character Sets
When you first use your VT320, the terminal uses the DEC Multinational character set. This set contains the characters for the English language, plus most
characters used in the Western European languages. Use this set with applications that require strict compatibility with VT200 series terminals.
You can also select the ISO Latin-l character set of the International
Standards Organization. ISO Latin-1 is the new industry-standard set. It is
similar to the DEC Multinational character set, with a few different symbols
and characters.
Both multinational sets include the standard ASCII character set of the
American Standard Code for Information Interchange.

National Replacement Character Sets
NRC sets are for 7-bit computing environments. Each NRC set is for- a particular Western European language or dialect. NRC sets are similar to the ASCII
set, but replace a few ASCII characters with characters used in that language
or dialect.
You can only use one NRC set at a time. You select the NRC set by setting
the Keyboard feature in the Set-Up Directory (Chapter 4).
10

A LOOK AT THE TERMINAL

If you set the Character Set Mode feature in the General Set-Up screen to

"7-Bit Characters", you cannot use the 8-bit multinational character sets.
However, if you set Character Set Mode to "8-Bit Characters" you can still use
an NRC set. In that case, the NRC set replaces the ASCII set.

Summary
Figure 2-2 summarizes how to select a character set by using set-up features.
Appendix E shows each character set.
SET-UP FEATURE

FEATURE SETTING

AT

CHARACTER SET MODE
(GENERAL SET-UP)
USER-PREFERRED
CHARACTER SET
(GENERAL SET-UP)

C

I

DE?\SD.

1\1\

KEYBOARD
(SET-UP DIRECTORY)

H
A
R

7-BIT

NA OTHER NA

OTHER

NA OTHER

----I ----

DEC MCS
(ASCII

ISO LATIN-l
(ASCII

+

+

DEC SUP.)

ISO SUP.)

*

A
C
T
E

NRC SET

R

+

+

DEC SUP.

ISO SUP.

NRC SET

When you select 7-bit
characters, the User
Preferred Character Set
setting has no effect.

S
E

T

NA - North American,
SUP. z Supplemental

Figure 2-2

DEC MCS

=

DEC Multinational Character Set,

Selecting a Character Set

CRT SAVER FEATURE
The VT320 has a CRT saver feature to extend the life of the terminal's screen.
The screen automatically goes blank if the terminal is inactive for 30 minutes
(no keyboard activity or input from the host system). You do not lose the data
that was displayed. To reactivate the screen, press any key.
When the CRT saver feature is on, a blinking block cursor appears at the
lower-right corner of the screen. The cursor indicates that the terminal is still
on and the CRT saver feature is activated.

A LOOK AT THE TERMINAL

11

3

THE KEYBOARD

The keyboard (Figure 3-1) has four groups of keys, four indicator lights, and
two audible indicators. There are 15 models of the keyboard available (Appendix D). This chapter shows the North American/United Kingdom keyboard. The
keys are grouped by function.
Main keypad
Editing keypad
Numeric keypad
Top-row function keys
VISUAL INDICATORS

TOP-ROW FUNCTION KEYS

I

t

'

ID~DDDnDDDDDnDDDDnBC6"nDDDDI
D[][][J[J[[J[][J~[]lDLJ(]EJ

EJLJLJLJ

DEJEJ[][J[][J[]DEJEJ[][]O"·'"
DLJ[][][]DEJEJ[][]DDDD

D~[J[]

[][][]D

D[]D[J[][JEJ[]~DD[JD

r==J1

[][]EJDm~

DD

I

MAIN KEYPAD

EDITING
KEYPAD

NUMERIC
KEYPAD
MA-0191-87

Figure 3-1

12

Keyboard

I

Compo.e
Character

MA-0449-87

Figure 3-2

Main Keypad

MAIN KEYPAD
This keypad (Figure 3-2) is similar to a standard typewriter keyboard. The main
keypad has the following special function keys.
Tab

The Tab key sends a horizontal tab, which normally moves the
cursor to the next tab stop on the line. You can use the Tab SetUp screen (Chapter 4) to select tab stops.

Ctrl

Holding down the Ctrl key and pressing another key sends a control code to the system. For example, Ctrl-Z means to hold down
Ctrl and press the Z key. A control code tells the system to perform a special function.

Lock

If you use the "Caps Lock" setting in the Keyboard Set-Up

screen (Chapter 4), pressing Lock makes the alphabetic keys send
uppercase characters. If you use the "Shift Lock" setting,
pressing Lock makes all keys send the top character on the key.
When you release Lock, all keys send their bottom character.
Shift

Holding down the Shift key and pressing another key sends the
uppercase (or top) character on the key.
In some cases, you use Shift with another key to perform a local
function. For example, Shift-Print Screen means to hold down
Shift and press the Print Screen key.

Return

The Return key sends either a carriage return or a carriage return
and line feed (selected in the General Set-Up screen, Chapter 4).

THE KEYBOARD

13

Pressing Return usually moves the cursor to the next line. Many
applications use Return to indicate the end of a command.


'

'_

0

,

,

'(l~~~r~l' :S~t-up

T~· Ne~t,Se,t-Up ,

1:o'Di~~ctOrYH , '

1:o,N~~t~e,t.:UP.

COllllllunications Set-Up

801132 Columns :

Print~r S~t~l!P

Dl~playIInt~t:pret .

TOOlrectory ,
Terminal Mode
TerIn.inal,ID

Tab Set-Up ,
On-Line/Local
Clear Display
Clear Communications
Reset Terminal
Recall Saved Settings
Save Settings
Set-Up Lallguage
Keyboard Language
FactQrY:Defaults
~xit Set.:{jp

A.uto Wrap,

j)ispIaySet:Ul'

Keybo~ra Set-Up: '

'Communications .Set~lJp

22

SET-UP

Controls

"

Smooth/Jump Scroll
Light/Dark, Screen
Cursor
Cursor Style'
Status Display

'Pril1te~

Set-Up "

'ulntLock

User:Features LoCk
Character Set'Mode
Keyp~dMQde

Cursor ~ey Mode
New Line
User-Preferred ,Set

SET-UP DIRECTORY SCREEN
This screen always appears when you enter set-up. You can select any set-up
screen from the Set-Up Directory. You can also perform such functions as
saving and recalling feature settings. Table 4-3 describes the Set-Up Directory
features. All features, except On-LinelLocal, are action fields.
set-Nreetor y

i"iii.

General

On Line

VT320 V1. 0

CLear DispLay

Set-Up EngLish
Copyright

©

Printer

Comm

CLear Comm

Keyboard

Tab

Reset TerminaL

North American Keyboard

RecalL
DefauLt

Save
Exit

1987, DigitaL Equipment Corporation - All Rights Reserved.

1, 1

Printer: None
MA·0290-87

Table 4-3

Set-Up Directory Features

Feature

Settings*

Function

Display

Display

General

General

These fields display the selected set-up
screen. For exarople,Display
selects the Display Set~Up screen.

Comm

Corom

Printer

Printer

Keyboard

Keyboard

Tab

Tab

On~LinefLocal

Selects whether or .not the VT320 can
communicat.e with the host ·system.
On-Line

Letst}le.V'l'3.Z0 ·.·comm~nicate· with the
.host system. .
. .

Local

Puts the host system on hol~. TheVT320
sends-keyboard, >~~:O;'~~ , '"

, '

,

L4jtsth~ . hosf'chihgtf ·tis~rfeatlli~$~i.·~·:::

Unlocked
Locked

~

Tab .stops
Keyboatd ··.lock

...... P~~yin~~·:~he:bo$~·:1fO~·.9b;~J:igillg·.·~.~:r'··.··:··
v"

X':i:;~o~~t:~>~:' ~'<;>'

l;~~~~~F

'

~

" \

\:~,~:<~:~:\::,',,\~~,,;,

.\

,:~~:~\~~:

SET-UP

29

••~~,~~mlP{

"1:~!b-i,l~~l
:;~vcv'~"i:>(:~cci:~,~i ~,;;,~; 'o,c,~c~;:}>~~';~'~7

;;;'1'

:~;S

A,

$';~~O<"O

:

<~~~r$}.1:;~~i~~;,~irffi~f~~!i~~~;;~¥1!~c~;~(j:f(J6~tPoi'tl~ef·.·~.~~U~ ·.user . (eatttres. ..."... . .
·.;iQ: .

'l'Jh A",_

iti()I;~~;~'8,1!i:lt$etLFea~nt~~

;~~~t~~t~t;;·.s;~r~t.()(i~.:~· •
,

,

~"<

~~~'

,

to

. ,;$elec~s ~ile~tyPe of character sets
:use;8,.bit. Inultinational. sets or 7.;bitnationaLsets.
'
,

~

~

,

NQTH.,'if-Yb; 8e~{keJf..ey{;llIlNl. featare.th:e. .,set,Up Ditectory tp "North

Ameri~~n",

you cannot select "7-BitCharacters". If YOlt set the operating
mode to'''VTlOO'',you cannot select "8-Bit Characters".
Supports theS-bit DEC Multinational
~or~S.O.La?n-l·. set.,~oth)nclude th~;" ;
'l~QitA~CJt,set.·rO\l. $elect tlle,sJ)EJcifiQ,;
8~-bit~ set with'.·the U~er"PI:eferred:f '
Charaetel"' 'Set ;feature in this screen.

use· one of. the 7,.bit
reptU1C1emjent character· sets
uu SeJeeL the NRC· set with
K@·vb(nlrj!lHfl~.aturA in the Set-Up
f

n~tiOltl.al

30

SET-UP

Table 4-5

General Set-Up Features (Cont)

Feature

Settings·

_ _ Cursor Keys

Function
Selects whether the arrow keys control
cursor movement or send application
control functions.

Normal

The arrow keys move the. cursor up,
down, left, or right (using ANSI cursor
control sequences).

Application

The arrow keys send application control
functions.

New Line

Selects whether or not the Return key
moves the cursor to a new line.
No New Line

The Return key sends a carriage· return
only.

New Line

The Return key sends a carriage return
and a line feed.

NOTE: When you set the Keypad feature to "Numeric", the New Line feature
affects the Enter key the same as it does the Return key,
User-Preferred
Character Set

*

When Character Set Mode is set to
US-Bit Characters", selects the DEC
Multinational set or ISO Latin-! set for
use. The difference between the two
sets is their supplemental character
set, called a user-preferred set.
UPSS DEC
Supplemental

Selects the DEC Multinational
character set. This set is compatible
with Digital applications.

UPSS ISO
Latin-!

Selects the International Standards
Organization .(ISO) char~cter se.t.

Default settings are in bold type.

SET-UP

31

COMMUNICATIONS SET-UP SCREEN
This screen lets you select features that affect how the VT320 communicates
with your host system. The default settings work with most of Digital's computer systems. Table 4-6 describes the Communications Set-Up features.
COMmunications Set-Up
To Next Set Up
To. Directory
XOFF at 64

8 Bits, No Parity

RS232, Data Leads Only
No Auto Answerback

VT320 V1.0
Receive=Transmit

Transmit = 9600
1 Stop Bit

No Local Echo

Disconnect, 2 s Delay

Limited Transmit

Answerback=

Not Concealed

Printer: None

1, 1

MA-0292-87

Communications Set;.Up Featur~$

Table 4-6
Feature

Settings'll

To Next Set-Up

To .Next Set~UpI)isplays the Printer' Set;,Up·'screep.•·::·.,

DiSP1ay~',the ;Set.tJPJ)irllCtO~ ,'$~~n..•
Select~ t~~.l)aq~ ~ate . tb~:ri~;20::~~~~:,.:.;

To Directory

Transmit =

~~-

t

tQ·~e~ddatato:tl1e·host;.system!

,:''15--''
110
. 1,{)O ..

,.3Q()

.',': '..

···t~~~Mxtii$f'~*IlllBIDi#.~;~~$t~:

::' Il:}Jlt~lt:thehost'·s re~~iv~ :~peed ..··: -.' <~':~:.
;. . . ~::.:~~»'~y~r~·;tlj~;:.VT:~~O·caJ:l::tJ:aQs~it . il~;::: "
:·'\:::"'Qll_~ i~~d: .;and· J:eC:eive, at-. another; ; ..

.';60p

12ijO
4800;
QftOO::~:..

;.i~.g~~ojl.;;;>:Li~r; ':"';'~H':-'"

::,

<3"

,o,

:';';~:~~:,: ':;~,'~ ,0;, :': '~
o

o

~ 0 "

~,

<~ ,~

,

_,"

,~

-<, 'if,

' _ , ' '0

f~

-:·._~~l'~~~~:~e~~~f$~8,;f~; ~~t~J~~~~~JU:tiH,:::~ :; ~;;;;;'::':lF~~!::·;. ::~ ;;;lz;s;;.·.;L:,.::,.:'~t~·;;::;;!l;i!;;,lL::si;;;·

. . ;~~ ~~~1~~t.~~~~;m·:~~~"~~j~~~L; :·;.~\~;l~':,t:.~'r}l

32

SET-UP

Table 4-6

Communications Set-Up Features (Cont)

Feature

Settings·

Receive= _ _ f Recelve=Transmlt
75
110
150
300
600
1200
2400
4800
9600
19200
XOFF _ _ f

XOFF at 64
XOFF at 128
NoXOFF

Function
Selects the baud rate the VT320
uses to receive data from the
host system.
The terminal's receive speed
must match the host's transmit
speed. However, the VT320 can
transmit at one speed and
receive at another.

Selects how many characters the
VT320 can receive before
sending ,the.hostsysteman .XOFF
sign,alto .stop "sending data.
For example, "XOFF'at 64"
means the VT320 sends XOFF to
the host wh~n the input. buffer
contains 64 characters. See
Ap~i.lQixC.
' ......
,

_ Bits,
_ Parity f

selects~he~~~~ci~r': :

, 8 Bits, .:Even Parity
8· Bits,Od(JParity .

fOl"rhatuse( '.'; . . . .

,

,,~

comm\1nic~tewith

the
h,oS,t. syste,~;~.~~e ..... ,
APJ)endi~'1J·JIl.~t~~.\~

VT320.,.Pro".~i'·:-··. ..

\: 0'\
o

~

o,,~

~ Co
",,,,

~/,'

,

~

e~"

,

<,

~"i.~"~:'~".,V"" ~~ "o,~'

,Y

'}~~~~;;':\X~:~c~:';: ;:,·.s'

SET-UP

33

Selects the :ll~rnber:of$top ,hits, (1 OJ! ,2)':'
used in the, c;haracterfQrmat~
,
Digital r~ommends using 1 stop bit for
most applicationSi

" 2 Stop Bits.
Local Echo

lIse. this. ~etting·· for baud'rates under.
300.
Selects whethet.or not. to send the characters you type directly to the screen.

No Local Echo

Sends' keyboard data to the host. The
host mayor may not send the da~a' back,
to the· screen.
Sends keyboard data to. the screen· and to
the host.
Selects·' which cable connector; you
can use on the rear of the VT320 .to connect .to the host system.
Selects,the 25-pin RS232 connector.
Use thi$ s~tting if you do not have a
modem..
Selects' the25~pin RS232 connector.
,Use this.' setting if you> have a modemre..
quiring ·EIAtnodenl· control.

~~i~<;~~.t/l~~;Pi~if>~~-423 'eprtDect<>r~

. IIset~is:~~,~tt~llgjf.XQud()· not; l1~vt1::a .
modetn~;
;'

.DE,Cr 423;

::;.Moci~rn. Qoutrol'

.,:.

.

"

.

"C"""O'9

. ,s~le~t~::~th~~~pi~:~~~t4J2~:' cO~Il~c'~r .'~" ..... '

lI's~:'thi~ii ~~~tJil,g' i~:: YQ~::ll~'V~;:~: imQq.~nK ,';,' .'

• ;i0{~aiJlt;~~II~~in;l¥ottttWe: . . "'" .:':" ..•.••. ;.. ", ,. . . . . . . . "', ',: .

H~;f;.H~~:~~~l~iW~:ttlj~~~t;~rf~·:~~:~~~,~~N~i~~W: ~~d~··i·
34

SET-UP

Table 4-6

Communications Set-Up Features (Cont)

Features

Settings *

NOTE: The next feature only works when
Control" setting above.

Function
YOlt

use the "RS232, Modem

When modem control is in effect,
selects the time delay the VT320
uses before disconnecting from the
communication line. A disconnect
occurs when the VT320 no longer
detects the received line signal detection (RLSD) signal.

Disconnect,
_Delay

Disconnect,
2 s Delay

This setting is for all countries
except the United Kingdom.

Disconnect,
60 ms Delay

This setting is used in the
United Kingdom.
Selects 8. .limited :orunlimited .terminal transmit speed.

- - - Transmit
Limited

Limits the terminal ·to sending 150
to 180 characters per second, .regardless of the baud rate 'selected
by the Transnlit feature. This rEr
duces the interrupt burdel) 011..the
operating .systeIn~ . .

Unlimited

Selects an unlimited terminal
transmit speed.

Auto Answerback Auto Answerback
No Auto Answerback

Selects whether or not 'to send the
answerbackmessag~: to .,t,hehost

system' after a
connection.

*

c()ntmunic~ti()n

line·:

Default settings are. in bold·· type ..

SET-UP

35

;Fttl:tcti~n::
,""lJ~,t~;~r«?~:·ty:~:"a~·,~A~~~r91l#k,IneS$~g$.,\
,"()f~P,ttf3,O;~enar~cte'r$~: ,,'o/h~ll'YO\l' ..·',',

:'seleFtt~is:f~tute,',:.~he;"Ta2Q",.:diSPlaJls:·
:t}l~pr~IlIpt, "En~r :'}\tls,w~rbacK 'j7.'S"on"
,thest8:tus·line.·
"
..
·rou~n~c~ncealy:ollr:;n\essa~ewith'.,th.~

Concealfeat\li"e 'in this" scret)n.

'

NOTE,··:'Fhe:VT{J2(J·~ends.this message to th~

hO!Jt systeln when' (1) you type
or (2lthe 'hostrequeststlte, message by sending an ENQ character~
Hos,t, r"equests d,o ,n,(),t affectscr,een, data 0,1' r,e, quire ,aous,erresponse.

Ctrl~Break,
;;

~ ,:

c

~

, :"

c, "

",,',

,

,

", \

s

Selects wheth.er or not theVT320~atr
displaythe·a,nswetback ,message" in',:. '
set:"up,.,:
: '

,"",': ~

'f' "

0

,~

,

,',

'

'

,

,< '

' ,; "

,,'

~

,

"

TheYTS20.{fan display. theansweJ;"l?ll~~:
mess!lgein'set-up;
TheVT~20cannot diSplaYY'0u~aIl~~~r~'
~~ck;,Ill~ssage ..'Youcannot,r~set:,t~is",',.','·:""",
f~ature to "NQt~ Con~ealed":,:except\bY:.' ,

,entednga',new answerback :messag~.

36

SET-UP

PRINTER SET-UP SCREEN
This screen lets you set up the VT320 to work with different types of printers.
Table 4-7 describes the Printer Set-Up features.
VT320 V1.0

Printer Set-Up
To Next Set

To Directory

Up

Speed=4800

Normal Print Mode

XOFF

8 Bits, No Parity

Print Full Page

Print National Only

No Printer to Host
1 Stop Bit
No Terminator

Printer: None

1, 1

MA·0291·87

Table 4-7

Printer Set-Up Features

Feature

Settings*

Function

To Next Set-Up.

To Next Set-Up

Displays the Keyboard Set-Up screen.

To Directory

To Directory

Displays the 'Set-Up Directory.

Speed=_

75
110
150
300
600
1200
2400
4800 .
9600
19200

Selects the baud rate the VT320
uses to send data to a printer.

Printer· to
Host'Comm

Selects whether or, p.ot the· printer
can send data to 'thehhst system.
Data can·onlY:m0,~e.fr6mhostt()
.prillter.

No\'Pdn"ter
to Host

,

,",','

,

Data ~ari:' move' fromho$t topl'ii:\~e,r,
and from printer to host.'
. . . . ;:<•...

Pdnterto
'Host

]Y()TE: X'O§rqpFFl1ow cOlltr%peratf!S (nd(,pendelltiy
.·and~prf.iitc{!1',\(Jnd· betuJeeQ,.theprinter and·host.
,

,

betwe~nthei~illal

-',,'

.' ~.; ::.Defaiilt~;settr~gt·~j~e:·m·l?Ol~·type.····
,~Oy ~~'

'~o ~ ,'~'~

:, : '

'~',

:0 :,", ';;

,30: ~', >',

'~~"

,:,:, : <'"

,)~, '> ~:,'" ,:,',w.~ :,,~u

' :," "'<', ~Yo \\~

':,;,

~:,o<, " "

SET-UP

37

Tatile~4-7;; .~. 'Pr~nt~f'$~t~lJp.Featu.l"es:(~Qllt)
F1ejt~j;.;;;·

Funetibll;: :

Lets you start
thekeYboafd.

pririt'full~tJQns;;from

'.;'.. ;....... : ,"

Auto Print

Prints the current line of te~t. when
the VT320 receives a line feed,form
feed, or vertical tab from the' host.

Controller

Lets the host send data directly to the
printer, without displaying the data on
the screen.
Selects whether or not to use XONI
XQFF:flowcontrol with·thepdnter~·.
See AppendixC.

XOFF

Bits,
_Padty

the printer' s.
8 Bits, No Padty
8. Bits, Even Parity
8:.Bits,Odd Parity
'1 'lJits,NO Parity ,
7 Bits, Mark Parity
7. Bits, Space Parity
',7J:lits, Even Plirity'
.. 7']~its, Odd Parity

Ij~Bit· ... . SelElC~~h~'?'uW!er~rstC1Pf?it$.••.. . ••.
.
;
';'2:':St(iP:'lllts
that:. matClf the .prmter;s:chara¢t~r;
··:·;:£0·
. ·r·m··a·. .:t·:.·.··; :::..... ;..:. : . . ;." ::; .... :.... ;'. ":":,"::
;::oC>"';,~':~:~\o~/x,:

"",;~,':':,,':

'.':~:.: :.·:;~~¥ahlt;··.$etti~~~.'~te···in·:bdld;::·tYI>~;:·
::~,~~;;:";~,,:'l:,?:o~

38

:"

SET-UP

;,,'::i:~O;~,

',~

H"~:,'~>~'~,

'~~,' [~~,~,:,::

J},

Table 4-7

Printer Set-Up Features (Cont)

Feature
Print

Settings *

Selects how much of the screen to
print when you press the Print Screen
key.

--Full Page

Prints the full screen.

Scroll Region

Prints only the scrolling region.

Printed Data Type

Print Terminator

*

Function

Lets you select the VT320 character
sets that match the Digital printer's
character sets.
National Only

Use with a printer that supports the
ASCII set (in "S-Bit" multinational
mode) or the current national set (in
"7-Bit" national mode). Examples:
LA34, LA36, and LAl20 printers.

National and
Line Drawing

Use with a printer that supports
the VT100 line drawing set and (1)
the ASCII set (in "S-Bit" multinational mode), or (2) the current national set (in "7-Bit" national mode).
Example: LAIOO.

Print All
Characters

Use with a printer that· supports the
multinational and line drawing sets.
Example: LA50.

No Terminator
Selects whether or not the VT320
Terminator = FF sends a form feed (FF) at the end of a
print operation.

Default settings are in bold type.

SET-UP

39

KEYBOARD SET-UP SCREEN
This screen lets you control the function of several keys: Lock, Break,
Compose, , and -. You can also control the keyboard's margin bell, warning bell, and keyclick.
The " __Keys" feature lets you select between standard typewriter characters
and data processing characters. This feature affects keys with characters on
the right half of their keycaps. Data processing characters allow European
model keyboards to use characters that appear as standard typewriter characters on the North American/United Kingdom keyboard.
Table 4-8 describes the Keyboard Set-Up features.
Keyboard Set-Up
To Next Set

Up

Auto Repeat
Compose
"

To Directory
Keyclick

Typewriter Keys

Margin Bell

VT320 V1.0
Caps Lock

Warning Bell

Break

 Key

Printer: None

1, 1

MA-0294-87

Table 4-8·

Keyboard Set-Up· Features

Feature

Settings*

Functi()n

To Next Set-Up

To Next.. Set-Up

Displays. the Tab Set-Up· Screen.

To Directory

To· Directory

Displays the ·Set.;Up Directory.

_-.,..-_ Keys

Sel~~tsthecharacters. seJ'lt by keys
that. have· three or more charactets: 'Oif
their keycap.

Typewriter

Selects~?e

of
Data Processing

characters on the left half:
.

the keycaps.

Selects. the .character~ on the righthalf
of. thekeycaps.

NOTE: 

TheC()1lUll1i 'k"y

Sen6riod. key' sends ' a period
when unshlfted and a > character
when'sbifted;
SelectslVhich~haracters

< > Keyt

the angle

bracket key sends.
The angle bracitetkeysen9s a< w:h~n;
"

<>Key

unshif~edaJ;ldfa;: >i::::3~~,:'~~;' ~ ~

'. ;:; ·;:t~~~~$T~fW~E~~ili~'··
;;" N.~e),. :S~nds;
. "

,:: :;:;u.

~.~
42

",

"0

",·,,·jheti1ijel;o~eji;i·~trids,,~tl;;~$e~~e,:(;(~~~'!;?l

:ES~;:·"f:,:;", :::~.;ch:arae~et;Hu::I,:~,.' :,.' ',"';;:;i~n::ni~ ;>0r"

~~~~0i~
SET-UP

TAB SET-UP SCREEN
This screen lets you set the number of tab st~ps on a line. When you press the
Tab key outside of set-up, the cursor advances to the next tab stop on the line.
Table 4-9 describes the Tab Set-Up features.
There is one tab stop field for each column on the screen. You can use a screen
display that is 80 or 132 columns wide. See the Columns feature in the Display
Set-Up screen.
You can use the arrow keys or Tab key to move the set-up cursor to any tab
stop field. Press the Enter key to place a T in a blank field or erase a T from
that field. This screen shows the default tab stop settings.
VT320 V1. 0

Tab Set-Up
To Next Set

T

Ur>

To Directory Clear All Tabs Set 8 Column Tabs
T

T

T

T

T

T

123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123

Printer: None

MA-0293-87

Table 4-9

Tab Set-Up Features
Settings

Function

To Next Set-Up

Displays the Display Set-Up
screen ..

To Directory

To Directory

Displays· the Set-Up Directory.

Clear All Tabs

Clear All Tabs

Clears all tabs·· previously .set..

.Set 8 Column Tabs

Set 8 Column Tabs

Automatically sets tabseyery .••~.
columns, starting. withcolllQl.l1 ~.

Features
To Next

Set~Up

SET-UP

43

5

COMPOSING CHARACTERS

The VT320 lets you use more characters than appear on your keyboard, by
typing compose sequences. A compose sequence is a series of two or three
keystrokes that produces a single compose character. You can use three-stroke
sequences on all VT320 keyboards. You can use two-stroke sequences on all
keyboards except the North American/United Kingdom and Norwegian/Danish
keyboards.
Two basic factors determine which compose sequences you can use.
•
•

your VT320 keyboard model
the character set the terminal is currently using

WHAT CHARACTERS CAN I USE?
You can only select characters from the character set the terminal is currently
using. You can select from 2 multinational sets (DEC Multinational and ISO
Latin-I) or 12 national replacement character sets (NRCs). By default, the
VT320 uses the DEC Multinational set. See "Character Sets" in Chapter 2.
The Character Set Mode feature in the General Set-Up screen sets the terminal
to work with 8-bit multinational sets or 7-bit NRC sets.

If You Use a Multinational Character Set
Table 5-1 lists the compose characters you can use. Some characters are only
available in one of the multinational character sets, DEC Multinational or ISO
Latin-!. You select these sets with the User-Preferred Character Set feature in
the General Set-Up screen.

44

If You Use a 7-Bit NRC Set
You select one of the NRC sets by using the __ Keyboard feature in the
Set-Up Directory. The compose characters available also depend on whether
you use typewriter or data processing keys. You select typewriter or data processing keys with the _ _ Keys feature in the Keyboard Set-Up screen.
NOTE: When you select "Data Processing Keys", keys that have three or more
characters on their keycap send the characters on the right half of the keycap.

Use Table 5-2 with the "Typewriter Keys" setting. This table lists compose characters by keyboard.
Use Table 5-3 with the "Data Processing Keys" setting.
Table 5-2 shows how to compose characters that do not appear on the given
keyboard. If you want to compose a character that is already on the keyboard,
refer to Table 5-1 for the character and the correct sequence.
When you use a 7-bit NRC set, some accent marks that appear on some
European keyboards are not available. These accent marks are 8-bit characters.

THREE-STROKE SEQUENCES
You can use three-stroke sequences on any VT320 keyboard. All three-stroke
sequences start with the Compose Character key. Tables 5-1 and 5-2 list the
three-stroke sequences.
NOTE: If the Compose Character key does not work, check the Compose feature in the Keyboard Set-Up screen (Chapter 4).
If you use a diacritical mark in a three-stroke sequence, the VT320 uses an

equivalent character. The North American/United Kingdom and Dutch keyboards do not have diacritical marks.
Diacritical Mark

Equivalent Character

Diaresis (umlaut) mark
Acute accent
Grave accent
Circumflex accent
Tilde mark
Ring mark

Double quote "
Apostrophe '
Single quote'
Circumflex character
Tilde character Asterisk * or degree 0

A

COMPOSING CHARACTERS

45

Using a Three-Stroke Sequence
You can select a three-stroke compose character as follows.
1.

Find the character you want in column 1 of Table 5-1 or 5-2.

2.

Press the Compose Character key. The Compose indicator turns
on, indicating the terminal is in compose mode.

3.

Type the two characters in column 2 for the character you want.

For example, to select an e with an acute accent, press Compose Character,
then type e and ' (apostrophe).

TWO-STROKE SEQUENCES
Two-stroke sequences are faster than three-stroke sequences, because you do
not use the Compose Character key. However, two-stroke sequences are limited
to sequences starting with the following nonspacing diacritical marks.
grave accent \
acute accent I
circumflex accent ..

tilde markdiaeresis mark (umlaut) ..
ring mark 0

NOTE: You cannot use two-stroke sequences on the North American/United
Kingdom or Dutch keyboards.
Some European keyboards have keys with both a standard character and a
diacritical mark. Make sure you select the correct character when you use these
keys in compose sequences.

Using a Two-Stroke Sequence
You can select a two-stroke compose character as follows.
1.

Find the character you want in column 1 of Table 5-1, 5-2, or 5-3.
Check column 3 to make sure you can use a two-stroke sequence
for that character.

2.

Press the key with the diacritical mark shown in column 3. The
Compose indicator comes on, indicating the terminal is in compose
mode.

3.

Type the second character shown in column 3.

For example, to select an e with a grave accent on a Danish keyboard, you
would type \ (grave accent) then e.

46

COMPOSING CHARACTERS

INVALID SEQUENCES
When you complete a valid compose sequence, the compose character appears
on the screen and the Compose indicator turns off. If you use an invalid sequence, the VT320 cancels the sequence and sounds the warning bell. (You can
turn the warning bell on or off in the Keyboard Set-Up screen, Chapter 4).

NOTE: Pressing a function key cancels a. compose sequence without sounding
the bell.

Canceling or Restarting a Compose Sequence
If you accidentally start a compose sequence by pressing the Compose
Character key or a diacritical mark key, press the >

1/4

fraction one..

14*

- (sp)

CI

¥

1 ,.

masculine
ordinal

quart~r

,0Ior

pound sign

superscript 1
2

"(sp)

..

(

£

1/2

fraction one .. half

(,

'inve,rted ? ? ?

A grave

A
.A

,A acute

"A
fA

A circumflex

"A

A

A tilde

"A

A

A umlaut

"A

A

A ring

'"

",'

',0

°A

A* or

XO or

(degree
sign)
>AE*

CO

,CcediUa

A_

'E. grave

,-,

,((;, ,.9p~o.~ngle···

:b~~ckets
~

A'

AO

CO or

"",,;::

1 21>

A

XO

.1,"f~rOirline ordinal

2 ..

superscript 3

"(sp)

cent sign

superscript ,2

( (

I ,.

¢

degre~sign

3

))

,(3)~ >:, .' '

'pi,'{sr'dr .rni~us

'AA

opening brace

(

.,·~. (2);'

(3J*c

(~P)

closing ,bracket

accent

,,';

'<

0.
E'

E acute.

'E

Eclrcumf!ex

"E

.
'.". .';<~Y:~ti;~riJ\lst·t~e:.:tll~·~tha~~~~kf~;:.~f~~~'~~~~~~'$~~~~Il~~{~:·~t~~~:()~Q~i",sh~~ri.;" '.'

,·(s~),~·~p$Ce.b~ii\

>·;,JinCludes.;aU,;tw~s;ttake:and:sbtUe';tb~eersttok~·$equ:ei'1,ces;J:: ,
~,.: <\\'W~; ,::cor~:'~: \:,:~, ~~~, "0; ':. "~~hO;~~'~,,' ~:;: o~~; , ' ~ " \ o';~\O, ,0:,\: ,,: ~'::'~',:, ",::0 0:" :.:~, ,',' ~:" :,'~,~" '~,~ ~:', ,,,,',,~~,;'~~,,~ ,'~ ,,>:,~,-:~:~},':~~<,~~ ,\~~"~: :?, ~ ~:" '<~ ~,~,'~',' ~ ~;:'::,:,,~~, '<\ '~', 'o,~ ~<,
'o'~,:, ~'O~ :'~" ,~'o,>' ':', '" ," :,,,"~, ,v~:,
I

48

COMPOSING CHARACTERS

:<;,

\

";:

,', ;:",

'. ' '

Table 5-1

Compose Sequences for Multinational Characters (Cont)

(1)

I
f

(2)
E umlaut

Etl

, grave

"E
,,,

or

(3)*

(1)

"E

a

I'

'I

, circumflex

r

'"

i'

, umlaut

N

N tilde

'" or "I
N-

"I
-N

6

o grave
o acute
o circumflex
o tilde
o umlaut

0'"

'0

0'

'0

0"
0-

"0
-0

0" or
"0

"0

6
0
6
CE
(2)

U umlaut

Uti or
"U

y

Y umlautt

Y" or

U grave

U"

a

a

a* or
aO

°a

(degree
sign)
ae *

ae

a e diphthong

<;

c cedilla

c ,
(comma)

e
e
e
e

e grave

e"

"e

e acute

'e

e circumflex

"e

e umlaut

etl

e

or

i grave
, acute

"
"

i"

"'U

U acute
U circumflex

"Y

'i
'"

i circumflex

"Y
B

(3)*

e

o E diphthongt o E"
o slash
01

U
U
0
0

a ring

"I

, acute

6

(2)

j'

i umlaut

i" or "I

"I

n

n tilde

n-

-n

0

o grave

0"

"'0

6
0

o acute

0'

'0

b circumflex

0"

"0

(;

o tilde

0-

. ":'0

0

o umlaut

0" or
"0

C9

o e dlphthongt

oe *

0

German small
sharp s

ss

a grave

a'"
at

'a
fa

0

o slash

01

U

u grave

u'"

'u

a"
a-

"

U
U

u acute

u'

'u

U' circumflex

u"

"u

0

u umlaut

utt or

a acute

a

a circumflex

a
a

a tilde
a umlaut

a" or
"a

a
-a
a

u

u

y

yumlautt

y" or

"y

"y

;.

+

Y:ou·#tu~tt~the .• ?ba~ac~r~~;~.o~.:t~~sesequenc~$.i~.~h~ order ·shown.
(Inclu~s\~~·~;tw'~&~#~~e~alld·cs '.. :, :tiji~t~nke .,sequ~n~~~. :):

This.c~;.a~ :"j~'::()~})l:~~......
acter·set.

o\l.use~~el?'F;:q:·~Mlll~in~tionar

.: .•. . .
chElr·hey(Jser~PJte·ed:·Cha'F8cter.Set :.featut.in;the·OeneralSet.. ,

tiP~~~~~~:;(B~i~~~f·~·~~;~·(.;.~~;}}·~.::r::··

J

...•••.•.....

.....;. ". . . . .::~.:\Y·'.~~>.·,'., .

COMPOSING CHARACTERS

49

Table 5-1

Compos~.sequenc«!~for ·.Multi~ational·Ohartlcters(eollt)

(3)*

(2)

(1)

(2}

(1)

(3)*

ISOCharacterSf
NBSPno break space
broken. vertical
bar

-,

logical. not

SP.sP

acute accent

II·· or!

cedilla

-

I

*

soft (syllable)
hyphen

®

registered
trademark.

RO

~

.

X

*

threequart~rs

..

,I

Y

V acute

V,

IV

y

yacute

y'

'y

P

capital Icelandic TH
thorn
small Icelandic
thorn

"

(sp)

t h

34*

-a

capital Icelandic - 0
Eth

xx

~

small Icelandic
Eth

division. sign
multiplication
sign

I

diaeresis

r

macron

,

-d

You ·must type the characters for these sequences in the order shown.
(Includes· all two-stroke and some three-stroke sequences.)
These characters are only available when you use the ISO Latin-l multinational character set. See the User-Preferred Character Set feature in the
General Set-Up screen (Chapter 4).

50

COMPOSING CHARACTERS

Table 5·2

Compose Sequences for NRC Sets, Using Typewriter Keys
(2)

(1)

British
£

(3)*

(2)

(1)

(3)*

Flemish and French/Belgian

pound sign

L- or
L=

grave accent

.. (sp)

£

pound sign

L- or
L=

apostrophe

' (sp)

grave accent

.. (sp)

Danish
French Canadian

11
@

number sign

++

apostrophe

' (sp)

commercial at

AA

grave accent

'" (sp)

Dutch

a
a
e
e

apostrophe

' (sp)

a grave

"a

a circumflex

a

a

e grave

"'e

'e

e circumflex

e
Ai

e
.. i

0

0

'u

'u

u

u

i circumflex
pound sign

L- or
L-

apostrophe

I

114

one quarter

1 4*

112

one half

1 2*

3/4

three quarters

£

(sp)

ij

i j sign

34*
.. *
I J

fI

Florin

f -*

grave accent

' (sp)

acute accent

' ,

diaeresis

""

"'a

0
U

o circumflex

Q

u circumflex

u grave

German/Austrian
(sp)

apostrophe

I

grave accent

' (sp)

Italian
apostrophe

' (sp)

Finnish

11

number. sign

++

apostrophe

I

(sp)

(sp) = space bar.

*

You must. type the characters for these sequences in the order shown.
(Includes all two-stroke and some three-stroke sequences.)
COMPOSING CHARACTERS

51

,

.

Table' 5"ZCompose$equene~$
(2)

(1)

(3)*

Norwegian
apostrophe' ,
grave accent

t,',(sP)

" (sp)

grave accent
A tilde

-A

a

o tilde
a. tilde

/'"0

6

o'tilde

§

section's;gn

(2)

nomber sign

+' +

apostrophe

t'"

e"acute

'E

e acute

' e

Swiss

(Fren~h) ,~nd

apostrophe

e

e circumflex

I circumflex

a
-0

0
U
U

Spanish

apostrophe

#

e
e
.. (sp)

pound sign

(1)

"($p)

apostrophe

£

.

(3)*

SwedIsh

Portuguese

A
0

. .

:For' NR.CSets"Qsing'fypewriter, Keys, (~()nt)

o circumflex
ugrave
u circumflex

(sp)

Swis.' (~erman)
' (Sp)
e

"i

A

e
I

0

0

.. u

"u

u

u

L-' or
L,t "

(sp)

IS

or

as

os

or

grave accent

.. (sp)

tUde

- (sp)

(sp) = space bar.

*

52

You,' must type ,'the, . characters 'for these sequences in ,the order shown.
(Includes all, two-stroke and somethree..stroke sequences.)

COMPOSING CHARACTERS

.

Table 5·3

Compose Sequences For NRC Sets, Using Data Processing Keys

(1)

(2)*
" (sp)

"

quotation
mark

#

number sign

+ +

apostrophe

t

@

commercial at

aa or AA or aA

(

opening
bracket

((

\

backslash
closing
bracket
apostrophe

{

(sp)

,<
" (sp)
t

(sp)

-

opening brace

(

I

vertical bar

'"

}

closing brace

)

tilde character

- (sp)

*

-

There are no two-stroke sequences available with· data processing keys.

COMPOSING CHARACTERS

53

6

PRINTERS AND MODEMS

PRINTERS
The VT320 has a built-in serial printer interface that supports most draft and
letter-quality printers, including the following Digital printers.
LA12
LA34
LA35
LA36

LA3S
LA50
LA75
LA1 OO/LA21 0

LA120
LQP02
LQP03

You can select from four printing modes in the Printer Set-Up screen (Chapter
4): normal, auto print, printer controller, and local controller.

Normal Mode: Printing Text from the Screen
This mode lets you print displayed text by using the Print Screen key.

Auto Print Mode: Printing Text from the Host System
In this mode, the VT320 sends the current display line to the printer when the
cursor moves to the next line after a line feed, form feed, vertical tab, or
autowrap. Auto print mode lets you print each line of text as it is received
from the host.
While selected, "Auto Print Mode" appears on the status line. You can still
perform printing functions with the Print Screen key in auto print mode.
You can also turn auto print mode on and off by pressing Ctrl-Print Screen.
When you leave auto print mode, you return to normal print mode.

54

Printer Controller Mode: Letting the Host Control the Printer
In this mode, the host system can send text directly to the printer, without
displaying the text on the terminal's screen. While selected, "Printer Controller
Mode" appears on the status line.
The Print Screen key does not work in printer controller mode.

Local Controller Mode: Setting Up the Printer
This mode lets you send information directly from the keyboard to the printer,
without displaying the information on the screen. You may find this feature
useful in setting up certain printers for operation, without involving the host
system. To select this mode, you must set two different set-up features (Chapter 4).
1.

Set the On Line/Local feature in the Set-Up Directory screen to
"Local".

2.

Set the Print Mode in the Printer Set-Up screen to "Printer
Controller Mode".

Remember to reset both features when you finish.

MODEMS
A modem lets the VT320 communicate over a telephone line with a remote
computer system. You can use a variety of modems with your VT320, such as
Digital's DF03 and DF224 modems. You can also use compatible modems,
such as the AT&T 103, 113, and 212 types. See Appendix B for information on
ordering modems.
The VT320 must be certified for connection to non-AT&T type modems used
outside of continental North America. Your local Digital Field Service office
has information on terminal certification and use of non-AT&T type modems.
You can connect one of the standard modems listed above to the VT320 as
follows.
1.

Connect the modem cable to the 25-pin RS232 connector on the
rear of the terminal.

2.

Go to the Communications Set-Up screen (Chapter 4).
a.

Set the Host Port Selection feature to "RS232, Modem
Control".

b.

Set the transmit and receive speeds to match your modem's.

PRINTERS AND MODEMS

55

7

SOLVING PROBLEMS
AND GETTING SERVICE

OPERATING PROBLEMS
Table 7-1 lists some possible operating problems and suggested solutions. If
you have a problem with your terminal, check this list before calling for service. If you need service, see "Digital Service" in this chapter.
Table 7-1

Operating Problems

Problem

Suggested Solution

The·terminal··doesnQt
turn on when you set the

.. :M:ake.· sure ·tne'powercord isphiggtld.bi..
Check thepower:outlet by ,plugging in;~;\,
.lamp toseeititlights~

power·switch·tol~
,

l;

"

Afterth~.:'c':vT320 OK'"

message apPears .on the
screert~there i~"no ',teppnse
from: the:host:whert"you .try
t9> 'l<~,. in..
.
,,~'

,

"

"

,,'

,

···'rb.~·]~ri~~I:· . ~#~~.~9t'·,.~d~~~
~"

,";;'H',

~,:"

':"

~'(W'

"',~"

,.

~

'"'

~

,

'"

Make sure your system· cabh~a~thEtr~~~/ .
the terminal' is conne~ted·· securely.·' .
Make sure: the port· thaty611r

syste~cable"

. '.. i$.~onnected,' to·.is'active.l:~h~ck .·the'}Iost
, :.:,...• :.Per~,Sele~tJoJlfe~t~r~ iIlthe·;\...'.' ...... :,'c'
.. ' , :C()mIn.U:rtieations:·Set~lJp;~ct~en(.Cha.ptef\4)~:'\,~
"~'

'"

"',0

""'o'>',,~

,,;

:

"'"~,'",,

"""',,,,~~,,,,,;

Table 7-1
Problem

Operating Problems (Cont)
Suggested Solution

Text on the screen does not
scroll. The Hold Screen
indicator is on.
The keyboard seems to
be locked (the Wait indicator
may be on), and the VT320
cannot display new text from
the host.
.

Press the Hold Screen key to resume
scrolling.
Clear the terminal by using the
Clear Comm feature in the Set-Up
Directory (Chapter 4).

The screen is blank, but
the terminal is on. The
power is okay.

The CRT saver feature may be on
(Chapter 2). Check the lower right of the
screen for the blinking CRT saver cursor. If
the CRT saver feature is on, press any key
to reactivate the screen.
Make sure the brightness and contrast controls are correctly adjusted.

The bell tone doe~ not
sound when you turn the
VT320 on. All keyboard
indicator lights are off.

Make sure the keyboard is connected
to the terminal.

POWER-UP SELF-TEST
Every time your turn the terminal on, the VT320 automatically runs a powerup self-test. This test checks the operating status of many internal parts in the
terminal. During the test, the keyboard indicators turn on and off, and the bell
tone sounds. If the test is successful, a "VT320 OK" message appears on the
screen.

Error Messages
If the VT320 fails the power-up self-test, the terminal may display one of the
error messages in Table 7-2. Only qualified service personnel should try to cor-

rect these problems. You should note any error message that appears and call
for service (page 59).
The keyboard indicator lights may flash in different patterns during the test.
These patterns are codes that provide service personnel with further information about the terminal's operating condition.

SOLVING PROBLEMS AND GETTING SERVICE

57

Tilble 7..2'"

·Ser~en.: Error:,Messages,

Error Mes$age

,",Problem

VT320 NVRError ~1

Non~ol:atilememory (set-llI>stoiagefis
,Rot operating. Call Digital Fi~ld SerYic~.

VT320RS232 Port Data
Error .. ,2

The 25-pii'i EIAhost connector 1s'
notworkin:g~" Call Digital Field ·Service.

VT320 RS232 ,Port Controls
Error - 3

The 25~piri EIA. hostcoI1ne~t()ris.
not working. Call Digital Field Service~

VT320 Keyboard Error - 4

1.

Make "sure 'your keyboard" is plugged
in. If it is,

2.

Turn the VT320 off and on. If the
problem continues,

3.

Try another keyboard if you have
one. If the newkeyboardworks,r~
place the old keyboard.

4~

If the new keyboard does not.wQrk,
call Digital, Field, Service.

VT320 DEC-423 Port Error - 5

The 6-pin host. conn~ctor is' not w()rking.
Call Digital Field ·Service•.

VT320 Printer Port Error- 6

TheS..pin printer connector ,is not work..
ing. Call Digital, Field Service.

DIGITAL SERVICE
Digital provides a wide range of maintenance programs which cover small
systems and terminals. These include on-site, carry-in, and mail-in repair services. You can use these programs to select the plan that best meets your service needs.

On-Site Repair
Digital offers fast, low-cost, quality maintenance performed at your site by
Digital-trained Service Specialists. There are several on-site services available.
DECservice
DECservice provides preferred on-site service. with a guaranteed response time
when equipment is located within a specified distance of the service facility.
DECservice guarantees a continuous repair effort until service is restored. You
may choose the hours of coverage, up to 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.

58

SOLVING PROBLEMS AND GETTING SERVICE

Basic
Basic offers priority response during regular business hours, Monday through
Friday.
Site Servicenter
If you have a least 50 terminals and can provide workspace at your site, Digital
will provide an on-site technician for a predetermined, periodic time interval.
The terminals may include a variety of models (for example, VT200s and
VT300s.)
Per Call
This noncontractual offering provides on-site repair based on time and materials. Per call service is available during regular business hours, Monday
through Friday.
DECall
DECall is similar to per call service, but has an annual retainer fee. DECall
gives you on-site service at a fixed fee per repair call.

Off-Site Services
Carry-In Servicenters
Digital Servicenters are located in major cities around the world. They offer
convenient, cost-effective repair service with a 48 hour turnaround time. Both
contract and per call coverage is offered.
DECmailer
This is a mail-in service for module and subassembly repairs. DECmailer provides five day turnaround.

HOW TO GET SERVICE
Digital has a central service center in your area to help you keep your system
running at peak efficiency. To find out more about Digital's hardware and software service offerings
In the United States
Call 1-800-554-3333 during regular business hours.
Outside the Uuited States
Contact your local Digital Field Service Office.

SOLVING PROBLEMS AND GETTING SERVICE

59

A

SPECIFICATIONS

This appendix lists the specifications for the VT320 video terminal.

Site Planning
Terminal
Height
Width
Depth
Weight
Adjustable tilt

25.27 em (9.87 in)
31.36 em (12.25 in)
31.49 em (12.3 in)
6.6 kg (14.5 lbs)
+5 to -15 degrees

Keyboard
Height
Width
Depth
Weight

5.1 em (2 in)
53.3 enl (21 in)
17.1 em (6.75 in)
2 kg (4.5 lbs)

Environment

Temperature
Relative humidity
Maximum wet bulb
Minimum dew point
Maximum altitude

60

Operating

Storage

10° to 40° C
(50° to 104° F)
10% to 90%
28 0 C (82 0 F)
2 0 C (36 0 F)
2.4 km (8000 ft)

-40 0 to 66° C
-400 to 1510 F)
0% to 95%

9.1 km (30,000 ft)

Electrical
Line voltage (U.S.)

100 to 120 Vac nominal
88 to 132 Vrms operating range
single-phase. 3-wire

Line voltage (Europe)

220 to 240 Vac nominal
176 to 264 Vrms operating range
single phase. 3-wire

Line frequency

50 to 60 Hz

Input power

50 W maximum

Power cord

Detachable, 3-conductor, grounded

Power cord receptacle

EIA specified CEE22-6A

Display
CRT

35.6 cm (14 in) monochrome screen

Format

24 lines of 80 or 132 characters
Status line on 25th line

Video attributes

Reverse video. underline, bold, and blinking
- selected individually or in any
combination
Double width/height lines

Cursor styles

Blinking block or blinking underline

APPENDIX A: SPECIFICATIONS

61

B

OPTIONS AND DOCUMENTATION

You can order the following options and manuals from Digital for the VT320.
See the end of this appendix for ordering information.

OPTIONS
Tilt-Swivel Base
Part Number

Description

VT3XX-CA

Lets the user adjust the direction and viewing angle of
the terminal.

Modems
Part Number

Description

DF02-AA

Direct-connect, AT&T 103J equivalent, 300 baud, fullduplex modem with EIA RS232-C interface

DF03-AA

Direct-connect, AT&T 103Jl212A equivalent, 300/1200
baud, full-duplex modem with EIA RS232-C interface

DF224-AA

Direct-connect, AT&T 103J/212A equivalent, 2400
baud, full-duplex modem with EIA RS232-C interface.

62

Cables
Part Number

Length

Connector

Printer Cables and Adapter (VT320 to printer)
BCI6E-I0
BC16E-25
H8751A adapter

10 ft (3 m)
25 ft (7.6m)

6-pin
6-pin
6-pin
6-pin

10 ft (3 m)
25 ft (7.6 m)

25-pin F RS232 to
25-pin M RS232

10 ft (3 m)
25 ft (7.6 m)
50 ft (15.2 m)

25-pin F RS232 to
25-pin F RS232

10 ft (3 m)
25 ft (7.6 m)

6-pin M DEC-423 to
6-pin M DEC-423

6 ft (1.8 m)

Telephone jack

M DEC-423 to
M DEC-423
F DEC-423 to
F DEC-423

Extension Cables
BC22E-10
BC22E-25
Null Modem Cables
17-00313-01
17-00313-02
17-00313-03
Communication Cables
BCI6E-I0
BC16E-25
Keyboard Cable
17-00294-00
AC Power Cables
17-00199-12

Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Holland,
Norway, Portugual, Sweden

17-00198-07

Australia, New Zealand

17-00606-02

Canada, Japan, Mexico, USA

17-00310-05

Denmark

17-00209-08

Ireland, United Kingdom

17-00364-08

Italy

17-00210-05

Switzerland

APPENDIX B: OPTIONS AND DOCUMENTATION

63

RELATED DOCUMENTATION
You can order the following VT320 documents from Digital.
VT320 Programmer Reference Manual
EK-VT320-RM
Provide information on character processing, character codes, and control functions available for VT320 applications.
EK-VT320-PS
VT320 Pocket Service Guide
Provides qualified service personnel with information to troubleshoot and repair
the VT320.
VT320 Video Terminal IPB
EK-VT320-IP
Provides a detailed parts breakdown of the terminal's field replaceable units.
Does not provide part numbers for printed circuit board components.
VT320 Family Field Maintenance Print Set
MP-02509-01
Provides a complete set of VT320 electrical and mechanical schematic
diagrams.

ORDERING INFORMATION
You can order options, supplies, and documentation by phone or by mail.

Continental USA and Puerto Rico
Call 800-258-1710 or mail to:
Digital Equipment Corporation
P.O. Box CS2008
Nashua, NH 03061

New Hampshire, Alaska, Hawaii
Call 1-603-884-6660.

Outside the USA and Puerto Rico
Mail to:
Digital Equipment Corporation
Attn: Accessories and Supplies Business Manager
c/o Local Subsidiary or Digital-Approved Distributor

64

APPENDIX B: OPTIONS AND DOCUMENTATION

COMMUNICATION

C

This appendix provides information on how the VT320 conlmunicates with a
host computer, printer, or modem. The appendix shows the cables you can use
for different system configurations. It describes how XON and XOFF characters help control data flow. The last section describes the signals carried by the
connectors on the rear of the terminal.
The terminal operates on full-duplex asynchronous lines only, with 10 possible
transmit and receive speeds. You can use split transmit and receive speeds, but
you must use the same speeds as your host system and printer.
To match your host system's speed, use the Communications Set-Up screen.
To match your printer's speed, use the Printer Set-Up screen. See Chapter 4.
For more information on communication, see the VT320 Programmer Reference
Manual.

CABLES
You can connect the VT320 directly to a local host system with a cable. You
can also connect the terminal indirectly to a remote host system, using (1) a
terminal server, or (2) a modem or acoustic coupler connected to publicswitched or dedicated telephone lines. See "Modems" in Chapter 6.
You can connect the VT320 to a local, asynchronous, serial printer by using a
null modem cable.
Figure C-1 shows the DEC-423 and RS232 cables you can use to connect the
VT320 to a host system or printer. To order cables, see Appendix B.

65

6·PIN
PRINTER PORT

H8571·A
ADAPTER
BC16·E CABLE

6·PIN
COMM PORT

~

H8571·C

B_C1_~_E_CA_B_LE

____________

__________

~AO~~~~_

6·PIN
COMM PORT

,----BC16·E CABLE

t--__
B_C2_2._EC_A_B_LE__--f M F

I

HOST

L ____ _
6·PIN
COMM PORT

r---BC16·E CABLE

NULL
MODEM CABLE

t----------f F M I
17·00313·01
17·00313·02
17·00313·03

RS23225·PIN
COMM PORT

HOST

L ____ _

H8571·A

ff=k[iR_BC_16.ECABLE

-------lL~~~~

KEYBOARD PORT

KEYBOARD CAB LE BCC01

Figure C-1

LK201 KEYBOARD

Cables

XON/XOFF FLOW CONTROL
The VT320 stores incoming characters in a character input buffer. The buffer
can hold 254 characters. The terminal processes characters from the buffer on
a first-in/first-out basis.
When the input buffer fills to 64 or 128 characters, the terminal sends an
XOFF character to stop the host system from sending more characters. The
default setting is 64. You can select from three settings - 64, 128, or no
XOFF - using the Communications Set-Up screen.

66

APPENDIX C: COMMUNICATION

NOTE: If you select "No XOFF" in set-up, th.e terminal does not send an
XOFF character to the host system, when the input buffer fills. Selecting "No
XOFF" also disables the Hold Screen key. With XOFF disabled, there is no
way to ensure that data will not be lost.
If the host system fails to respond to the XOFF character, the terminal sends

a second XOFF character when the input buffer fills to 220 characters. The
terminal sends a third XOFF character when the buffer is full.
When the input buffer falls below 32 characters, the terminal sends an XON
character to tell the host system to start sending characters again.
If you enable XON/XOFF, the terminal recognizes received XON and XOFF

characters. When the terminal receives XOFF, it stops sending data (except
XON/XOFF characters). If the keyboard data buffer overflows, the keyboard
locks and the Wait indicator turns on. The terminal resumes transmission
when it receives an XON.

MODEM CONNECTIONS AND DISCONNECTIONS
When the VT320 makes a connection to the host system via a modem, the
terminal performs the following operations to ensure it is ready to send and
receive.
•
•
•
•
•

Unlocks the keyboard (if it was locked).
Clears any transmisson in progress.
Clears the keyboard buffer and all message buffers.
Clears the input buffer.
Clears XOFF sent and XOFF received.

Any of the following conditions will disconnect the connection to the host
system.
•
•
•

•
•

•

You type Shift-Break.
You use the Recall or Default features in the Set-Up Directory.
You change the host port you are using from the RS232 port to
the DEC423 port, or from the DEC423 port to the RS232 port.
See the Host Port Selection feature in the Communications SetUp screen (Chapter 4).
The terminal loses the data set ready (DSR) signal.
The terminal loses the receive line signal detect (RLSD) signal for
the period of time you selected in set-up. See the Disconnect, _
Delay feature in the Communications Set-Up screen.
The terminal receives a self-test command from the host system.

APPENDIX C: COMMUNICATION

67

The usual way to disconnect communications is to type Shift-Break. The host
system's response to the disconnect signal depends on the system and the
software.

BREAK FUNCTION
A break condition is the occurrence of a continuous space on a communication
line for greater than one character time. If you are using a modem, this condition causes the modem to disconnect the terminal from the host system.
The Break key has three functions. You can enable or disable the Break key in
the Keyboard Set-Up screen.
If enabled, pressing Break sends a break signal to the host. If disabled,
you can still send a break signal to the host by typing Shift-Break.

Pressing Shift-Break disconnects communications when you use a
modem.
Pressing Ctrl-Break sends the answerback message (Communication SetUp) to the host.

CONNECTOR SIGNALS
The VT320 has two host system (comm) connectors and one printer connector
on the rear of the terminal. Table C-l describes the interface signals for the
25-pin host system connector. Table C-2 describes the signals for the 6-pin host
connector and 6-pin printer connector. The following figure shows the pin numbers for the 6-pin connectors.

~_1

4~_5

___2___3___

68

APPENDIX C: COMMUNICATION

6_fJ

__

Table C-l

25-Pin RS232-C Comm Port Interface Signals

Pin

Signal

Mnemonic

EIA/CCITTIDIN Description

2

Transmitted
data

TXD

BNI03/Dl

From VT320
Sends serial characters. Held
in mark state when characters
are not being sent.

In modem control modes,
sends data only when RTS,
CTS, DSR, and DTR signals
are on.
3

Received
data

RXD

BB/I04/D2

To VT320
Receives serial characters. In
modem control modes, ignores
characters if RLSD signal. is
off.

4

Request
to send

RTS

CAl105/S2

From VT320
When on, places the modem
in transmit mode.

I

5

Clear
to send

CTS

CB/I06/M2

To VT320
When on, tells the VT320
that the modem is ready to
send.

6

Data
$et
ready

DSR

CC/I071Ml

To VT820
When on, tellstheVT320
that the modem is in data
mode and is ready to exchange RTS, CTS, and RLSD
signals.

7

Signal.
ground

SOND

AB/I02/E2

Serves a$common ground
reference .potentialfor all connectorsignals,exceptprotectiveground.

APPENDIX C: COMMUNICATION

69

'Ta})t,;;Cil'; ;:.·r·.~~~~i~, • I1.$~~2,1~r~fl"m~~:u~~; 1~~~l"(a~~:~i~~"~:~G~hi)~i

•. ;'; ".;.;"';.

Pin.·;.~igtta1···M.'.~i~ :"EIA1~cri~~m:mi/De$~~i~~i~iil';>:

8

CF/I09fM5:'!

..

"!.;;

4'0'.:

~;:

;:l;;~

'I'Ot;'I':320:·t:~. .....:;.~:.' '>;.
'~enJ:on;:t~U$ tl}e~VT~20;·· .

thatthtfsignal :r~~eive49Jl: '. ,
..th~ .comrpllll:i~tioJlI~Jl~;:is:'.··. i:
'.'~()()(i '. eIl.o~gli· to' :~ll~~re •
correctdEunOdul~ti9n.. of reo.
:ceived'data.
"
·'Yhan . off,'. • indic~tesno .•. signal.
received~ or . . sign~l.·is.unsuit..
able for demodulation.

12

. Speed
indicator

SPDI

CII112/M4

To VT320

From 1IT3~O

20

to

Wllen oD,enables'amodtun
control·· the ·termill~rs· .
~Fansinit .lind receiVEr speeds.:
.•Sets .thes~eds·.~rl~~O .;bitS
~r .second, .regardless of setup· selection.
.
. . . . .•. :. . . . :

-When on, tellst~ejtiq#em
that the terminal is .ready
send· or receive.
Ji'rolt~1IT:a20>,

23

.:

to

Whenon,tellsthe)n9~eIP
tha,t: the ,receiv;es~ ,: ~e~ected.
in set-up is greatertha~~OO
bits~r se~9np.
.

70

APPENDIX C: COMMUNICATION

Table C-2

6-Pin DEC-423 Comm and Printer Interface Signals

Pin

Signal

Mnemonic

Description

1

Data
terminal
ready

DTR

From VT320
When on, tells the modem or printer
that the VT320 is ready to send or receive.

2

Transmitted
data

TXD+

From VT320
Sends serial characters. Held in the ptark
state (-) when characters are not being sent.

In modem control modes, sends data only
when DSR and DTR signals are on.
3

Transmit
signal
ground

TDX-

Provides the common ground reference
potential for transmitted signals
TXD+ and DTR.

4

Receive
signal
ground

RXD-

Provides the commond ground reference
potential for received signals
RXD+ and DSR.

5

Received
data

RXD+

To VT320
Receives serial characters.

6

Data
set
ready

DSR

To VT320
For the comm line: When on, tells the
VT320 that the modem is in the data mode
and is ready to communicate..

For the printer Hne:~eives·DTR on this
line. If DSR is present
power-up, the
printer controls print operations.IfDSR is
not present· at power-up, the terminal
checks for ·DSR. before each print operation.

at

STANDARDS
The VT320 operates in accordance with the following national and
communication standards.

internationa~

EIA Standard RS232C
CCITT V.24
CCITT V.26 (V.lO)
CCITT X.20 (V.2l)

APPENDIX C: COMMUNICATION

71

D

KEYBOARDS

This appendix shows each model of the VT320 keyboard. The North American/
United Kingdom keyboard is available in two versions, standard and word processing. The standard version appears in Chapter 4. The key positions on both
versions are the same. However, the word processing version has different
labels on some keys, for word processing functions.

72

Keyboard

Page

North American/United Kingdom WPS ..
Belgium (Flemish) .
Canada (French). .
Denmark . . . . . .
Finland . . . . .
France/Belgium .
Germany/Austria
Holland
Italy . . . .
Norway .. .
Portugal ..
Spain . . . .
Sweden .. .
Switzerland (French) ..
Switzerland (German) . .

73

74
74
75
75

76
76
77

77
78
78
79
79
80
80

Print

Screen

Set·Up Locel

Commend

Break

InterruptI

Halt

Resume

Cancel

~~:n

Exit

AI1Ch..-/Lock

IESCI

~·.;":~:'fP ..1I ~::-WL;::/Sent
(8SI

ILFJ

In_"

0 ...11 •• ,

Lock

Compose

Wait

F17

FIB

F19

F20

»
"0
"0

m

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C

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c

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m
-<
OJ

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»
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c

(J)

......

W

MA-0535-87

North American/United Kingdom (word processing version)

74

APPENDIX D: KEYBOARDS

APPENDIX D: KEYBOARDS

75

76

APPENDIX D: KEYBOARDS

APPENDIX D: KEYBOARDS

77

78

APPENDIX D: KEYBOARDS

APPENDIX D: KEYBOARDS

79

80

APPENDIX D: KEYBOARDS

VT320 PROGRAMMING SUMMARY

E

This appendix is a summary of the control functions and commands described
in the VT320 Programmer Reference Manual. If you are a programmer, you can
use this appendix as a quick-reference tool to program the VT320.
The appendix is divided into sections that correspond to the chapters of the
programmer reference manual. For example, to find out more about

2 CHARACTER ENCODING
you would go to Chapter 2 of the programmer reference manual.
Page

Section
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

10
11
12
A

Character Encoding . . . . . . . .
Keyboard Codes.. . . . . .
Emulating VT Series Terminals.
U sing Character Sets .
..
Screen Display Commands
..
Visual Character and Line Attributes .
Editing..
. . . .....
Controlling the Cursor. . . . . . .
Keyboard and Printing Commands . .
Reports . . . . . . . . . . .
Resetting and Testing. .
VT52 Mode Control Codes ..

82
87

89
89
93
93

....

94
94
95
96
98
99

81

Character Sets and Codes
Computer systems store characters as a series of
bits, usually 7 bits or 8 bits long. A bit is a
binary digit. The VT320 can work with 7-bit or 8-bit
systems. The VT320 provides the following character sets.

A code table is a convenient way of showing all the characte
in a character set with their codes. Characters appear in ro"
and columns. One way of finding a character in a character
set is by its column/row position. For example, in the ASCII
character set the character H is at 4/8 (column 4, row 8).

ASCII
DEC Supplemental Graphic
ISO Latin-l supplemental graphic
DEC Special Graphic
12 national replacement character sets (NRCs)

Each character in a row uses the same binary code for its fo
least significant bits. This value appears at the left or right c
each row. Each character in a column uses the same binary
code for its three (or four) most signicant bits. This value
appears at the top of each column.

An 8-bit system can use any of these character sets. A 7-bit
system can use any set except the supplemental graphic sets.
Each character set has two types of characters, graphic characters and control characters. Graphic characters are the characters you can display on the screen. Control characters make
the terminal perform a special functio~"Control
Functions" in this appendix.

Next to each character appears the octal, decimal, and hexidecimal code for the character. Different ·programmers may
prefer using octal, decimal, or hexidecimal values for
different purposes.

DEC Multinational Character Set
Right Half - DEC Supplemental Graphic Set

Left Half - ASOI Set

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tfth1e shows the characters in each NRC set that
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Ict.r
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15

APPENDIX E: VT320 PROGRAMMING SUMMARY

83

Display Controls Font
You CRn hAve the tt'rminRl di!\play the character!\ in your
control functions, nUher than performing the functions. This
is useful for debugging programs. To display control characters, you u!\e the Controls feature in the Display Set-Up
screen (Chapter 4).

Display Controls Font (Right Half)

Display Controls Font (Left Half) .

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APPENDIX E: VT320 PROGRAMMING SUMMARY

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,1 Functions
mmers use control functions to make the VT320 perform
e of special actions, from the simple (moving the cursor)
complex (emulating another terminal). The way you
ontrol functions in an application depends on two
: your computing system and the programming language
e.
are two types of control functions, single-character and
le-character. Single-character functions, called control
ters, pectorm simpler functions. There are two groups of
I characters, CO and Cl. CO characters appear in
IS 0 and 1 of the code tables. Cl characters appear in
IS 8 and 9. Cl characters are not available in 7-bit
s. The next section lists the function of each control

co (7-Bit) Control Characters Recognized
Name

Mnemonic

Function

Null

NUL
ENQ
BEL

Sends the answerback message.

Enquiry
Bell

Backspace BS

Ignored.
Sounds the bell tone if the bell is
enabled in set-up.
Moves the cursor one character
position to the left. If the cursor
is at the left margin, no action
occurs.

ter.

Horizontal
tab

m

,I functions can perform more complex functions. There
:ee types of multiple-character control functions: escape
Ices, control sequences, and device control strings. Each
egins with a certain control character.

Moves the cursor to the next tab stop.
If there are no more tab stops, the
cursor moves to the right margin. HT
does not cause text to auto wrap.

Line teed

LF

Causes a line feed or a new line
operation, depending on the setting
of line feedlnew line mode.

Vertical
tab

vr

Treated as LF.

e Sequences
:ape sequence begins with the CO character ESC, folby one 01' more graphic characters from the ASCII set.
SC character tells the system that the graphic charare part of a control function, not characters to
played. For example,

'6
escape sequence that changes the current line of text to
~-width characters. Escape sequences use only 7-bit
;ters, and can be used in 7-bit 01' 8-bit systems.
01 Sequences
trol sequence begins with the Cl character CSI, followed
e 01' more ASCII graphic characters. You can also express
s two 7-bit characters, ESC [. So you can express control
!lces as escape sequences. For example, the following two
!lces peliorm the same function -- they change the disl'om 80 to 132 columns per line.

3h

Form feed

FF

Treated as LF.

Carriage
return

CR

Moves the cursor to the left margin
on the current line.

Shift out
(Locking
shift 1)

SO (LSI)

Maps the Gl character set into GL.
You designate GI by using a select
character set (SCS) sequence. See
the VT320 Programmer Reterence
Manual, Chapter 5.

Shift in
(Locking
shift 0)

SI

Maps the GO character set into GL.
You designate GO by using a select
character set (SCS) sequence. See
the VT320 Programmer Reference
Manual, Chapter 5.

Device
control 1
(XON)

DC!

Also known as XON. If XON/XOFF
flow control is enabled in set-up,
DCI clears DC3 (XOFF). This
action causes the VT320
to continue sending characters .

.? 3h
ever possible use CSI instead of ESC [ to introduce a
)1 sequence. You can only use CSI in 8-bit systems.
e Control Strings
'ice control string begins with the CI character DCS,
red by one or more ASCII graphic characters, a data
" and the CI character ST (string terminator). For an
pie of a device control string, see "Down-Line-Loading
t Character Set" in this appendix.
-bit systems, you can express DCS as ESC P. You can
ss ST as ESC I.

APPENDIX E: VT320 PROGRAMMING SUMMARY

85

co (7-Bit) Control Characters Recognized (Cont)
Device
control 3
(XOFF)

DC3

Cancel

CAN

Substitute

SUB

ESC

Escape

DEL

Delete

Also known as XOFF. If XON/XOFF
tlow control is enabled in set-up,
DC3 causes the VT320 to stop
sending characters. The terminal
cannot resume sending characters
until it receives a DCI control
character.

Cl (8-Bit) Control Characters Recognized (Cont)
Single
shift 3

Device
Immediately cancels an escape
control
sequence or control sequence in
string
progress. The VT320 does not display
Control
any error characters.
sequence
Immediately cancels an escape
introducer
sequence or control sequence in
String
progress. The VT320 displays a
terminator
reverse question mark ~ lor an
error character.
Operating
Introduces an escape sequence.
system
ESC also cancels any escape
command
sequence or control sequence
Privacy
in progress.
message
Ignored when received. DEL is not
lIsed as a fill character. Digital does Application
program
not recommend using DEL as a fill
command
character. Use NUL instead.
>I<

Cl (8-Bit) Control Characters Recognized
Name

Mnemonic

Function

Index

IND

Moves the cursor down one line in
the same column. If the cursor is
at the bottom margin, data on the
screen scrolls up.

Next line

NEL

Horizontal HTS
tab set
Reverse
index

RI

Single
shift 2

882

86

Moves the cursor to the first
position on the next line. If the
cursor is at the bottom margin,
data on the screen scrolls up.
Sets a horizontal tah stop at
the column where the cursor is.
Moves the cursor up one line in
the same column. If the cursor is
at the top margin, data on the
screen scrolls down.
Temporarily maps the G2 character
set into GL, tor the next graphic
character. You designate the G2 set
by using a select character set (SCS)
sequence. See the VT320 Programmer
Reference Manual, Chapter 5.

SS3

Temporarily maps the G3 chara
set into GL, for the next graphic
character. You designate the G3
by using a select character set (1
sequence. See the VT320 Progr8
Reference Manual, Chapter 5.

DCS

Introduces a device control steinl

CSI

Introduces a control sequence.

ST

Ends a control string. You use S
in combination with DCS, APC,
PM, or SOS control strings.

OSC

Introduces an operating system
command.*

PM

Introduces a privacy message str

APe

Introduces an application progra
command.*

The VT320 ignores all following characters, until it recl
an ST control character. ESC, CAN, and SUB no long~
cancel device control strings.

8-Bit Control Characters and Their 7-Bit Equivalents
Name
Index
Next line
Horizontal tab set
Reverse index
Single shift 2
Single shift 3
Device control string
Control sequence
introducer
String terminator
Operating system
command
Privacy message
Application program

APPENDIX E: VT320 PROGRAMMING SUMMARY

8-Bit
Character

7-Bit
Sequence

IND
NEL
HTS
SS2
SS3
DCS
CSI

ESCD
ESCE
ESCH
ESCM
ESC N
ESC 0
ESCP
ESC [

ST
OSC

ESC \
ESC ]

PM
APe

ESC"
ESC

RI

YBOARD CODES
i

Codes Sent by Numeric Keypad Keys

Sent by Editing Keys

ANSI Mode·

Code Sent

l Here
Ive
t

Screen
Screen

Ii

Vf300 Mode

vnoo. vrS2 Modes

CSI 1

The editing keys do not
send codes in these two
modes.

CSI
CSI
CSI
CSI
CSI

2
3
4

5
6

Key

Numeric

Application

Numeric

Application

0

0
1
2
3
4
5

6
7
8
9

6
7
8
9

SSJ p
SSJq
SSJ r
SSJ 5
SSJ t
SSJ u
SSJ v
SSJ w
SSJ x
SSJ Y
SSJ m
SSJ It
SSJ n
SSJ M

0

1
2
3
4
5

ESC ']
ESC ']
ESC ?
I!SC ?
ESC ']
ESC ?
ESC ']
ESC ']
ESC ']
ESC ?
ESC ?
ESC ?
ESC ?
ESC ']

Sent by Arrow Keys
Cursor Key Mode Setting (DECCKM)

Enter

ANSI Mode

PF1
PF2
PF3
PF4

Cursor

Application

CSIA

SSJA

Cursor or Application

SSJB

883 P
SSJ Q
883 R
SS3S

2
3
4

5
6
7
8
9

P

q
r
5

t
u

v
w

x
Y

m

It:f

n
CRor
M
CR LF S
ESC P
ESC P
ESCQ
ESCQ
ESCR
ESC R
ESCS
ESC S :f

ESC A

*
CSIB

(minus)
(comma)
(period)
CRor
CR LF S
SSJP
SSJQ
883 R
SS3S

1

ANSI mode applies to VT300 and VT100 modes. VT52
mode is not compatible with ANSI standards.

ESC B
The last character in the sequence is a lowercase L.

CSIC

SSJC

ESC C

:f You cannot use these sequences on a VT52 terminal.

CSID

SSJD

ESC D

S Keypad numeric mode. Enter sends the same codes as Return.
You can use Hoe teed/new line mode (LNM) to change the
code sent by Return. When LNM is reset, pressing Return
sends one control character (CR). When LNM is set,
pressing Return sends two control characters (CR, LF).

SI mode applies to VT300 and VT100 modes.
52 mode is not compatible with ANSI mode.

APPENDIX E: VT320 PROGRAMMING SUMMARY

87

Codes Sent by the Top-Row Function Keys
Code Sent

-------------------------------------Name on
Legend Strip

Key
Number

Hold Screen
Print Screen
Set-Up
F4
Break
F6
F7
F8
F9
FlO
FII (ESC)
FI2 (BS)
FI3 (LF)
F14
Help
Do
FI7
F18
Fl9
F20

(FI)*
(F2)*
(F3)*
(F4)'"
(F5)'"
F6
F7
F8
F9
FlO
FIt
Fl2
F13
Fl4
F15
Fl6
FI7
FIS
F19
F20

*

VT100.
Vf300 Modes VTS2 Modes

CSIl
CSII
CSII
CSl2
CSl2
CSl2
CSl2
CSl2
CSl2
CSl2
CSt 2
CSI3
CSt 3
CSt 3
CSI3

7 •

8 •
9 -

o -

-

1
3 -

4 S 6 8 -

9 -

.

1
2 •
3 -

4 -

These keys do not send codes. They

Keys Used to Send 7-Bit Control Codes
Control
Character
Mnemonic

NUL
SOH
STX
ETX
EOT
ENQ
ACK
BEL
BS
HT
LF
VT
ESC
FF
BS
CR
LF
SO
SI
OLE
DCI
DC2
DC3
DC4
NAK
are local function keys, SYN
ETB
CAN
EM
SUB
ESC
FS

as

RS
US
DEL

*

Code
Table
Position
0/00
0/01
0/02
0/03
0/04
0/05
0/06
0/07
O/OS
0/09
0/10
0/1 I
0/12
0/13
0/14
0/15
1100
1/01
1/02
1/03
1/04
1/05
1106
1/07
1108
1/09
1110
1/11
1112
1113
1114
1115
7/15

Key Pressed With
etrl (AD Modes)

Dedicated
Function K

2 or space bar
A
B
C
0

E
F

a
H
I
J
K
L
M
N

F12 (BS)*
Tab
F13 (LF)'"
Return

0
P
Qf
R

S f
T
U
V
W

X
Y
Z

3
4
5
6
7
8

or [
or /
or J
or
or ?

F11 (ESC)*

Delete

7-bit control codes sent in VT100 and VT52 modes only
7-bit control codes sent only when XON/XOFF support
is otI

88

APPENDIX E: VT320 PROGRAMMING SUMMARY

ULATING

vr SERIES TERMINAlS

S USING CHARACTER SETS

ing an Operating Level. (OECSCL)
~:

Selecting a Character

1.
2.

Select VT300 mode to run all VT200 applications.

Level. Selected

nce

Designate the set as GO. G1, G2, OJ' G3.
Map the designated set into the in-use table.

Designating Character Sets (SCS Sequences)

Levell

Intermediate

Level 2 or 3

----3·p
3;O·p
3;2·p
2·p
2;O·p
2;2"p
3 ; 1 " P
2; 1 "p

VT300
VT300
VT300
VT300
VT300
VT300

mode,
mode,
mode,
mode,
mode,
mode,
vnoo mode,
VT300 mode,

To Select
8-hit controls
8-bit controls
8-bit controls
8-bit controls
8-bit controls
8-hit controls
7-bit controls (0)
7-bit controls

Use

Use

ASCII

B

DEC Supplemental
Graphic

~S

ISO Latin-l

A

Gl

G2
G3

•

supplemental
User-preferred
supplemental

<

DEC Special
Graphic

0

+

: default.
96-Character Sets

nal Replacement Character Set Mode
NRCM)
lit: Multinational

il1a1)

To Select

GO

Select 7-bit C1 controls.
Select 8-bit Cl controls.

Sequence

Function

CSI7 4 2 h

The terminal uses 7-bit
characters ii'om an NRC set.

CSI? 4 2 1*

The terminal uses 7-bit
and 8-bit characters from
the DEC Multinational or
ISO Latin-l set.

mal)

Final

Final

94-Character Sets

ng CI Controls to the Host
;p F
iP G

Intermediate

ESC

VT100 mode

Gl

NRC Sets*
----

G2

British

A

G3

Dutch

4

Finnish t

S or C

French

R

French Canadian

Q

German

K

Italian

Y

Norwegian/Danish t • or E or 6
Portuguese

~6

Spanish

Z

Swedish t

7 or H

Swiss

*

Only one NRC set is availahle at a time. You must
select national mode to use NRC sets. See
"National Replacement Character Set Mode" in
Section 4.
Digital recommends using the tirst code shown.

APPENDIX E: VT320 PROGRAMMING SUMMARY

89

Mapping Character

Set.~

Converting Binary Code to an ASCn Character

With Locking Shifts
Locking Shift

Code

Function

LSO (locking shift 0)
LSI (locking shift 1)

SI
SO

Map GO into GL. (0)
Map Gl into GL.

NOTE: The following locking shift functions are available only
in VT300 mode.
ESCESC n
ESC }
ESC 0
ESC I

LSIR (locking shift 1, right)
LS2 (locking shift 2)
LS2R (locking shift 2, right)
LSJ (locking shift 3)
LSJR (locking shift 3, right)

Map
Map
Map
Map
Map

G1
G2
G2
G3
G3

into
into
into
into
into

GR.
GL.
GR.
GL.
GR.

Binary
Value

Hex

Value

Hex Value
Character
+ 3F Offset Equivalent

000000
000001
000010
000011
000100

00
01
02
03
04

3F
40
41
42
43

05

44
45

000101
000110
000111
001000
001001

06

?
@

A
B
C

o
E

07
08

46

09

48

001010
001011
001100
Maps G2 into GL for 001101
the next character.
001110

A
B
C

49

E

4A
4B
4C
40

Maps G3 into GL for 001111
the next character.
010000
010001
Assign User-Preferred Supplemental Set (OECAUPSS)
010010
010011
Default: DEC Supplemental Graphic

F

4E

10
11
12
13

4F

o

50
51
52

Q

With Single Shifts
SS2 (single shift 2)

ESCN

SS3 (single shift 3)

ESC 0

Sequence

Function

DCS 0 ! u %

~

ST Assigns the DEC Supplemental
Graphic set as the preferred
supplemental set.

u A ST

DCS I

Assigns the ISO Latin-] supplemental set as the preterred
supplemental set.

SOFr CHARACTER SETS
You can Oii!Y load soft character sets in VT300 mode.
Guidelines for Designing Soft Characters
Character Dimension

80-Column Font

Cell width
CeU height

15 pixels
12

Body width
Body height

12
7

132-Column Font
9 pixels
12
7
7

Ascender height
Descender height

3

3

2

2

Spacing before character
Spacing after character

2
1

90

0

47

F
G
H
I
J
K
L

M
N
p

R

010100
010101
010110
010111
0] 1000

14
15
16
17
18

53
54
55

011001
011010
011011
011100
011101

19
lA
IB
lC

58
59
5A
5B
5C

011110
011111
100000
100001
100010

IE
IF
20
21
22

50
5E
5F
61

a

100011
100100
100101
100110
100]11

23
24
25

62
63

b
c

26
27

64
65
66

d
e
f

101000
101001
101010
101011
101100

28

67

29

68

g
h

2A
2B
2C

69

101101
]01110
101111
110000
110001

20

6C

2E

60

2F

6E

30
31

6F
70

APPENDIX E: VT320 PROGRAMMING SUMMARY

10

56
57

S
T
U
V
W

x
y
Z

[

\

60

6A

j

6B

k

m
n
o

p

erting Binary Code to an ASCII Character (Cont)

DECOLD Parameter Characters (Cont)

y

Hex
Value

HClt Value
+ 3F Offset

Character
Equivalent

Paramcter Name

Description

Pe
0

71
72
73
74
75

q

Selects which characters 10 erase from
the ORCS bufier before loading the
new tont.

10
11
0

32
33
34
35
36

1
10
11
0
.1

37
38
39
3A
3B

76
77
78
79
7A

v
w
x
Y
z

10

3C
30
3E
3F

7B
7C
70
7E

{

1

n

0
.1

Erase
control

o = erase

all characters in the ORCS
bufi:er with this number, width,
and rendition.
=erase only characters in locations
being reloaded.
2 =erase all renditions of the soft
character set (normal. bold,
80-column, 132-column).

1I

Pcmw

I

)

Character Selects the maximum character cell
matrix
width.
width
VT300 modes

o=

I-Une-Loading a Soft Character Set (OECOLD)

s prn

1

2
3
4
5
6

; Pen ; Pc ; Pcmw ; Pw ; Pt ; Pcmh ; Pess ; {

:s Sxbpl ; Sxbp2 ; ... ; Sxbpn ST
)LD

15 pixels wide lOr 80 columns,
9 pixels wide for 132 columns. (D)
= illegal.
= 5 X 10 pixel cell I VT220
= 6 X 10 pixel cell I compatible
= 7 X 10 pixel cell I
= 5 pixels wide.
= 6 pixels wide.

Parameter Characters

Deter Name
Font
number

Description

15 = 15 pixels wide.

Selects the ORCS font buffer to load.

If you omit a Pcmw value, the
terminal uses the default character
width. Any Pcmw value over 15 is
illegal.

The VT320 has one ORCS font butfer.
Pfn has two valid values, 0 and 1.
Both values refer to the same ORCS
bufi:er.
Starting
character

Selects where to load the first
character in the ORCS font huffer.
The location corresponds to a
location in the ASCII code table
(Section 2).
Pcn is affected by the character set
size. (See Pcss below.) In a
94-character set, a Pcn value of 0
or 1 means that the first soft character is loaded into position 211 of
the character table. In a 96-character
set, a Pcn value of 0 means the first
character is loaded into position 2/0
of the character table. The greatest
Pcn value is 95 (position 7115).

Use Pcmw values 2 through 4 with
VT220 compatible software. Remember
that VT220 tonts appear difterent
on the VT320. Fonts designed
specificaUy tor the VT320 should
use values 5 through 15.
Pw

Font
Width

Selects the number of columns per
line (tont set size).

o=

80 columns. (0)
1 = 80 columns.
2 = 132 columns.

(D) = default.

APPENDIX E: VT320 PROGRAMMING SUMMARY

91

DECDLD Parameter Characters (Cont)
Parameter Name

Description

PI

Defines the font as a text font or
full-cell font.

Text or
full-cell

o=

text. (D)
1 = text.
2 = full cell.
FuJI-cell fonts can individually
address all pixels in a cell.
Text fonts cannot individually
address all pixels. If you specify
a text cell, the terminal automatically
performs spacing and centering of
the characters.

Character Selects the maximum character cell
matrix
height.
height
o or omitted = 12 pixels high. (D)
1 = 1 pixel high.
2 = 2 pixels high.
3 = 3 pixels high.

Pcmh

DECDI.D Parameter Characters (Cont)
Dscs defines the character set name. You use this name

in the select character set (SCS) escape sequence. You
use the following format for the Dscs name

I IF
where
I I are zero to two intermediate characters, from the
range 2/0 to 2/15 in the ASCII character set.

F is a tinal character in the range 3/0 to 7/14.
Sxbpl ; Sxbp2 ; ... ; Sxbpn are the sixel bit patterns tor
individual characters, separated by semicolons (3/11).
Your character set can have 1 to 94 patterns or 1 to 96
patterns, depending on the setting of the character set
size parameter (Pcss). Each sixel bit pattern is in the
following format.

S ... S/S... S
where
the first S ...S represents the upper columns of
sixels of the soft character.

12 = 12 pixels high.
Pcmh values over 12 are iUegal. If
the value of Pcmw is 2, 3, or 4,
Pcmh is ignored.
Character Defines the character set as a 94- or
set size
96-character graphic set.

Pcss

o=

94-character set. (D)
1 = 96-character set.

I (2/5) advances the sixel pattern to the lower
columns of the soft character.

the second S ...S represents the lower columns of
the soft character.
Valid DECDI.D Parameter Combinations
Pcmw

The value of Pcss changes the meaning of the Pcn
(starting character) parameter abov~.
Pcss Examples
If Pcss = 0 (94-character set)

Pcmh

Pw

o to 12
o to 12

0, 1
0,1

o to 12
o to 12

2
2

80-Column Fonts

o to 12
o to 15

0, 1
2

The terminal ignores any attempt to load characters
into the 2/0 or 7/15 table positions.

132-Column Fonts

Pen

Specifies

o to 7
o to 9

column 2/row 1

Oearing a Soft Character Set

column 7/row 14

YOli can clear a soft character set that you loaded
into the terminal by using the following DECDLD
control string.

94

If Pcss = 1 (96-character set)
Pen

Specifies

o

column 2/row 0

95

column 7/row 15

(D) = default.

92

PI

0, 1
2

DCS 1;1;2 { sp @ ST
Any of the tollowing actions also clear the soft character
Performing the power-up self-test.
Selecting the Recall or Reset features in the Set-Up
Directory.
Using a reset to initial state (RIS) or ESC c
sequence.

APPENDIX E: VT320 PROGRAMMING SUMMARY

Sl

REEN DISPLAY COMMANDS

7 VISUAL CHARACTER AND UNE A1TRIBUTES

lay Control Functions
Character and Line Attribute Sequences

e

Mnemonic

Sequence
Set: CSl12 h
Local echo ofl".

Ireceive mode SRM

Reset: CSI 12 1*
Local echo on. (D)

m mode

Set: CSI '1 S h
Light background.

DECSCNM

Reset: CSI '1 S 1*
Dark. background. (D)
~ing

mode

t active
s display

Set: CSI ? 4 b
Smooth scroll. (D)

DECSCLM

DECSASD
~

:t status
lype ~

Mnemonic

Sequence

Select graphic
rendition

SGR

CSI PS •.• PS m
Ps = character attribute
value(s). (See list below.)

Single-width,
single-height line

DECSWL

ESC'S

Double-width,
single-height line

DECDWL

ESC' 6

Double-width,
double-height line

DECDHL

ESC' 3 (top halJ)
ESC , 4 (bottom halt)

Reset: CSI '1 4 1*
Jump scroll.

Visual Character Attribute Values

CSI Ps $ J
Ps = 0, main display.
Ps = 1, status line.

Ps

CSI Ps $Ps = 0, none.
Ps = 1, indicator.
Ps = 2, host-writable.

DECSSDT

Name

Attribute

VT300 and VT100 Modes

o
1

4
S
7

All attributes off
Bold
Underline
Blinking
Reverse video

lal Sequences

VT300 Mode Only
Sequence

e

Mnemonic

mn mode

DECCOLM Set: CSI '1 3 h
132 columns.

22

24
2S

27

Reset: CSI '! 3 1*
80 columns. (0)
Dp and
1m margins

DECSTBM

CSI Pt ; Pb r
Pt = top line.
Pb = bottom line.

in mode

DECOM

Set: CSI '1 6 h
Move within margins.

Bold off
Underline off
Blinking ofl"
Reverse video off

Reset: CSI '! 6 1*
Move outside margins. (D)

= default.
e last character in the sequence is a lowercase L.
ailable in VT300 mode only.

APPENDIX E: VT320 PROGRAMMING SUMMARY

93

8··EDITING

Selectively Erasing Text
Select
character
attribute'"

DECSCA

lnsening and Deleting Text

CSI Ps • q
Ps = 0 or 2, erasable
Ps = 1, not erasable

Selective
erase
in display*

DECSED

CSI '1 PsJ
Ps = 0, cursor to end. (D)
Ps = 1, beginning to curso
Ps = 2, complete display.

Selective
erase
in line*

DECSEL

CSI?PsK
Ps = 0, cursor to end. (D)
Ps = 1, beginning to curso
Ps = 2, complete line.

Mnemonic

Name

Insert/replace IRM
mode

Sequence
Set: CSl4 h
Insert characters.
Reset: CSI 4 1*
Replace characters.

Delete line

DL

CSI Pn M
Pn lines.

Insert line

IL

CSI Po L
Pn lines.

Delete
character

DCH

CSI Po P
Pn characters.

Insert
character I

ICH

CSI Pn @
Pn characters.

Name

Mnemonic

Sequence

Erase
in display

ED

CSI Ps J
Ps = 0, cursor to end. (D)
Ps = 1, beginning to cursor.
Ps = 2, complete display.

Erase in line

EL

CSI Ps K
Ps = 0, cursor to enc!; (D)
Ps = 1, beginning to cursor.
Ps = 2, complete line.

Erasing Text

Erase
character*

(D) = default.

*

Available in VT300 mode only.

9 CONTROLLING THE CURSOR
Enabling the Cursor

ECH

CSI Po X
Pn characters.

(D) = default.
'" The last charactel' in the sequence is a lowercase L.
Available in VT300 mode only.

Name

Mnemonic

Sequence

Text cursor
enable lilode

DECTCEM

Set: CSI '1 2S b
Visible cursor. (D)
Reset: CSI '1 2S 1*
Invisible cursor.

>I:

The last character in the sequence is a lowercase L.

Moving the Cursor·
Cursor
position

CUP

CSIPI;PcH
Line PI, column Pc.

Horizontal
and vertical
position

HVP

CSI PI ; Pc f
Line PI, column Pc.

Cursor
forward

CUF

CSI Po C
Pn columns right.

Cursor
backward

CUB

CSI Pn D
Pn columns left.

Cursor up

CUU

CSI Po A
Pn lines up.

Cursor down

CUD

CSI Po B
Pn lines down.

(D) = default.

*

94

In these sequences, the default value for Pn, PI,
and Pc is 1.

APPENDIX E: VT320 PROGRAMMING SUMMARY

YBOARD AND PRINTING COMMANDS

The key selector number (Kyo) indicates which key you are
defining.

mI Control Sequences
Mnemonic

Sequence

Set

Reset

ard
mode

KAM

CSl2 b
Locked.

CS121*
Unlocked. (D)

~edl

LNM

CSI 20 b
New line.

CSI 20 1*
Line feed. (D)

DECARM

CSI ? 8 b
CSl ? 8 1*
Repeat. (D) No repeat.

rle mode
~peat

Key

Value

Key

Value

Key

Value

F6
F7
F8
F9
FlO

17
18
19
20

Fll
F12
F13
F14
Help

23
24
25
26
28

Do
F17
FI8
F19
F20

29
31
32
33
34

21

The string parameters (Stn) are the key definitions, encoded
as pairs of hex codes.

3/0 through 3/9 (0 through 9)
4/1 through 4/6 (A through F)
6/1 through 6/6 (8 through t)

rap

DECAWM

CSI ? 7 b
Autowrap.

: keys

DECCKM

CSI ? I h
CSI ? 1 1*
Application. Cursor. (D)

Printing Control Sequences

d
ationl
'ic modes

DECKPAM
DECKPNM

ESC =
ESC >
Application. Numeric. (D)

Name

Mnemonic

Sequence

Printer extent mode

DECPEX

lard
mode

DECKBUM

Set: CSI ? 19 h
Screen.

CSI ? 68 b
Data
processing.

CSI ? 7 1*
No autowrap. (D)

CSI? 68 1*
Typewriter. (D)

Reset: CSI ? 19 1*
Scrolling region. (D)
Print form teed mode

Imming UDKs

DECPFF

•ble Keys

Reset: CSI ? 18 1*
No form feed. (D)
Help
F17 through F20

'ough F14

JDK Device Control String Format
CS Pc ; PI

Set: CSI ? 18 b
Form teed .

I Ky1/Stl; ... Kyn/Stn

ST

Auto print mode

MC

On: CSI ? 5 i
Off: CSI ? 4 i

Printer controller mode

MC

On: CSI 5 i
Otl': CSI 4 i

Print screen

MC

CSI i or CSI 0 i

the clear parameter.

Print cursor line

MC

CSl11 i

lone =Clear aU keys before loading new values (D)
=Clear one key at a time, before loading a
new value.

(D) = default.

~he

'" The last character in the sequence is a lowercase L.

lock parameter.

lone =Lock the keys.
= Do not lock the keys (D).

;t1; ... KynlStn are the key defInition strings.
= default.

le last character in the sequence is a lowercase L.

APPENDIX E: VT320 PROGRAMMING SUMMARY

95

Sequences for Vf320 Reports (Cont)

11··REP9lTS

Name

Mnemonic Sequence

Sequences for Vf320 Reports
Printer Status
Mnemonic Sequence

Name

Primary Device Attributes
Primary DA
request
(Host to VT320)

DA

CSI c or CSI 0 c

Primary DA
response
(VT320 to host)

DA

CSt ?
Psc
61
62,63

Request
(Host to VT320)

DSR

CSI? 15 n

Report
(VT320 to host)

DSR

CSI? 13 n
No printer.
CSI 110 n
Printer ready.

Psc; PsI; ... Psn c
= operating level.
= level 1 (VT100 mode).
= level 3 (VT300 mode).

PsI ... Psn = extensions.
= 132 columns.
1
= printer port.
2
= selective erase.
6
7
= soft character set.
= user-defined keys.
8
= NRC sets.
9

CSI 111 n
Printer not ready.
UDK Status (VfJOO Mode Only)
Request
(Host to VT320)

DSR

CSI12Sn

Report
(VT320 to host)

DSR

CSt?20n
UDKs unlocked.
CSt 121 n
UDKs locked.

See Table 1 in this
section.

Keyboard Dialect
Secondary Device Attributes
Secondary
DA request
(Host to VT320)

DA

Secondary
DA response
(VT320 to host)

DA

CSI > c or CSt

> 0c

Request
(Host to VT320)

DSR

CSI 126 n

Report
(VT320 to host)

DSR

CSI 127; Pd n
Pd
= keyboard dialect.
= North American.
1
= British.
2
= Flemish.
3
= French Canadian.
4
5
= Danish.
= Finnish.
6
= German.
7
8
= Dutch.
= Italian.
9
10
= Swiss (French).
11
= Swiss (German).
= Swedish.
12
13
= Norwegian.
= French/Belgian.
14
= Spanish.
15
= Portuguese.
16

CSI > Pp; Pv; Po c
Pp
= identification code.
= VT320 terminal.
24
Pv

= firmware version.

Po

= hardware options.
= no options.

o
Device Status Reports
Vf320 Operating Status
Request
(Host to VT320)

DSR

CSI 5 n

Report
(VT320 to host)

DSR

CSIO n
No malfunction.

Terminal State Reports (VfJOO Mode Only)
CSI 3 n
Malfunction.

Request
(Host to VT320)

DECRQTSR CSI Ps $ u
Ps
= report requested
o
= ignored.
1
= terminal state n

Terminal state
report
(VT320 to host)

DECTSR

DCS 1 $ s D .. D
< checksuD;ls 1 and 2> :
0 ... 0 = report data.

Restore
terminal state

DECRSTS

DCS Ps $ P O ... D ST
Ps
= data string torm
o
= error.
1
= terminal state n

Cursor Position Report
Request
(Host to VT320)

DSR

CSI6n

Report
(VT320 to host)

CPR

CSI PI; Pc R
PI
= line number.
Pc
= column number.

96

APPENDIX E: VT320 PROGRAMMING SUMMARY

0 ... 0 = restored data.

I:eS

Sequences for vr320 Reports (Coot)

for Vf320 Reports (Coot)
Mnemonic

Sequence

Control Function Settings (Vf300 Mode OoIy)

alion Slate Reports (Vf300 Mode Only)
t

:) VT320)

DECRQPSR CSI Ps S w
Ps
= report requested.
o
=error.
I
=cursor information
report.
2
= tab stop report.
DECCIR

ilion

Mnemonic Sequence

Name

Request
(Host to VT320)

OECRQSS DCS S q D ... O ST
D ... D = intermediate and/or
tinal characters of
function. (Table 4)

Report
(VT320 to host)

DECRPSS

DCS 1 S u D ... D ST
D .. D =data string. See text
for description.

D ... D = intermediate and/or
final characters of
function. (Table 4)

) to host)
'p report
) to host)

DECTABSR DCS 2 S u O ... D ST
D ... O =tab stops.
DECRSPS

:ation

* The last character in the sequence is a lowercase L.

DCS Ps S t D ... O ST
Ps
=data string format.
o
= error.
I
=cursor information
report.
2
=tab stop report.
D ... D =data string.

DECRQM

CSI Pa S p
=ANSI mode.
Pa
(Table 2)
CSI'1PdSp
=DEC private mode.
Pd
(Table 3)

I)

mode
to host)

OECRPM

CSI Pa; Ps S y
Pa =ANSI mode.
(Table 2)

SM

RM

DECSC

ESC 7

Restore cursor
state

DECRC

ESC 8

Request
(Host to VT320)

DECRQUPSS CSI & u

Report
(VT320 to host)

DECAUPSS

DCSO!u~SST

DEC Supplemental Graphic
DCSI!uAST
ISO Latin-l supplemental

Terminal

VT100
VTIOt
VTI02
VT220

CSI Pa; ... Pa b
Pa =ANSI mode(s).
(Table 2)
CSI '1 Pd; ..• Pd h
Pd = DEC private mode(s).
(Table 3)

mode

Save cursor
state

Table 1 Alias Primary DA Responses From the

Ps = mode state.
0 = unknown mode.
I
= set.
2 = reset.
3 = permanently set.
4
= permanently reset.
)de

Saving and Restoring the Cursor Slate

User-Preferred Supplemental Set (Vf300 Mode)

Settings (Vf3OO Mode Only)

it mode
to VT320)

DCS Ps S r 0 ... 0 ST
Ps =0. valid request.
Ps = 1, invalid request.

*

DA
DA
DA
DA

Identification
Sequence

ESC I '1 1; 2 c
ESC [ '1 I; 0 c
ESC['16c
ESC I '162; 1; 2;
6; 7; 8; 9; 11;
14 c

Vf32~

Meaning

VTl 00
VTI01
VTI02
VT220

terminal
terminal
terminal
terminal

To change these alias responses, you must use the General
Set-Up screen. See Chapter 4 of Installing and Using the
VT320 Video Terminal.

CSI Pa; ... Pa 1*
Pa =ANSI mode(s).
(Table 2)
CSI '1 Pd; ... Pd 1*
Pd =DEC private mode(s).
(Table 3)

APPENDIX E: VT320 PROGRAMMING SUMMARY

97

Table 2 ANSI Modes for DECRQM, DECRPM,
SM, and RM
Mode

Mnemonic Pa

Keyboard action
Control representation
Insert/replace
Horizontal editing
Send/receive
Line teed/new line

KAM
CRM'"
IRM
HEM t
SRM
LNM

2
3
4
10
12
20

... The host cannot change the setting of CRM. You can only
change CRM from set-up. If CRM is set, the terminal
ignores DECRQM and most other control functions.

12.0 RESETnNG ANDTBSTING
Resetting and Testing Sequences
Mnemonic

Sequence

Soft terminal reset'"

DECSTR

CSI! P

Hard terminal reset

RIS

ESCc
Not recommen<

Tabulation clear

TBC

CSI 0 g
Clear tab at
position.

Name

Resetting the Terminal

The HEM control function is permanently reset.
Table 3 DEC Private Modes for DECRQM, DECRPM,
SM, and RM

CUI

CSI 3 g
Clear all tabs.
Testing the Terminal

Mode

Mnemonic

Pd

Invoke confidence test

DECTST

CSI4; Ps; Ps;
Power-up self-u

Cursor keys
ANSI
Column
ScroUing
Screen
Origin
Autowrap
Autorepeat
Print form feed
Printer extent
Text cursor enable
National replacement
character set
Numeric keypad
Keyboard usage

DECCKM
DECANM
DECCOLM
DECSCLM
DECSCNM
DECOM
DECAWM
DECARM
DECPFF
DECPEX
DECTCEM
DECNRCM

1
2
3
4
.5
6
7
8
18
19
25
42

Screen alignment pattern

DECALN

ESC' 8

DECNKM
DECKBUM

66
68

Table 4 Control Functions for DBCRQSS Requests
Control Function

Mnemonic

Select active status display
Set character attribute
Set conformance level
Set status line type
Set top and bottom margins
Select graphic rendition

DECSASD
DECSCA
DECSCL
DECSSDT
DECSTBM
SGR

98

Intermediate and
Final Character(s)

$}
• q
• P

$r
m

'"

Available in VT300 mode only.

Soft Terminal Reset (DECSTR) States
State After DEC

Mode

Mnemonic

Text cursor enable

DECTCEM Cursor enabled.

Insert/replace

IRM

Replace.

Origin

DECOM

Absolute (cursor
at upper-left of s

Autowrap

DECAWM

No autowrap.

National replacement
character set

DECNRCM Multinational set
Unlocked.

Keyboard action

KAM

Numeric keypad

DECKPNM Numeric charactl
Normal (arrow k

Cursor keys

DECCKM

Set top and bottom
margins

DECSTBM Top margin = 1
Bottom margin =

All character sets

GO, Gl, G2, VT320 default se
G3, GL, GR

Select graphic rendition

SGR

Normal rendition

Selective erase
attribute

DECSCA

Normal (erasable
DECSEL and
DECSED).

Save cursor state

DECSC

Home position w
VT320 defaults.

Assign user-preferred
supplemental set

DECAUPSS Set selected in se

Select active display

DECSASD

APPENDIX E: VT320 PROGRAMMING SUMMARY

Main display (fir
lines).

Jf a Hard Terminal Reset (RIS)

A vrS2 MODE CONTROL CODES

:s all features listed on set-up screens to their saved
tings.

Entering vrS2 Mode

uses a communication line disconnect.
~ars

CSI?

user-defined keys.

~ars

the soft character set.

~ars

the screen.

vrS2 Escape Sequences

ts the select graphic rendition (SGR) function
normal.
ts the selective erase attribute (DECSCA) to
Isable.
lects the default character sets (ASCII in GL,
d DEC Supplemental Graphic in GR).
Confidence Test (DECTS11 - Power-Up Self-Test

ndicates a particular test to run.
Test to Run
All tests (1, 2, 3, 6)
Power-up self-test
RS232 port data loopback test
Printer port loop back test
RS232 port control line loopback test
DEC-423 port loopback test
Repeat other tests in the string.

.*

ESC <

turns the cursor to the upper-left corner of the
een.

4;Ps; ... Psy

2

Exiting vrS2 Mode

Sequence

Action

ESC A
ESC B
ESC C
ESC 0
ESC F
ESC G
ESC H
ESC I
ESC J
ESC K
ESC Y Pn
ESC Z
ESC 1 Z
ESC =
ESC >
ESC <
ESC
ESC
ESCW
ESC X
ESC]
ESC V

Cursor up.
Cu rsor down.
Cursor right.
Cursor left.
Enter graphics mode.
Exit graphics mode.
CursOl' to home position,
Reverse line teed.
Erase ii'om cllrsor to end of screen.
Erase from cursor to end of line.
Move cursor to column Pn.
Identify. (host to terminal)
Report. (terminal to host)
Enter alternate keypad mode.
Exit alternate keypad mode.
Exit VT52 mode. (Enter VT100 mode.)
Enter autoprint mode.
Exit autoprint mode.
Enter pl'inter controller mode.
Exit printer controller mode.
Print screen.
Print the line with the cursor.

A

'" The last character in the sequence is a lowercase L.
Mignment Pattern (DECALN)

:1

8

1 2/3 3/8

APPENDIX E: VT320 PROGRAMMING SUMMARY

99

GLOSSARY

Action fields
Features in set-up that make the VT320 perform an immediate action.
Application software
A program that performs a specific function for a particular class of computer
users. Examples: spreadsheets and word processing programs.
ASCII
American Standard Code for Information Interchange
ANSII
American National Standards Institute
Auto print nlode
A method of printing information directly from the host system. The VT320
sends a display line to the printer after a carriage return or form feed
character.
CCITT
Comite Consultatif International de Telegraphique et Telephonique
(International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee). A standards
committee for the communication industry in Europe.
Character set
A group of graphic characters and control characters stored as a unit in the
terminal. Graphic characters are characters you can display on the screen.
Control characters perform special functions.

100

GLOSSARY

Compose character
A character produced when you press two or three keys in a certain sequence.
You can use compose sequences to produce characters that do not appear as
standard keys on your keyboard.
Cursor
An indicator that highlights the active position on the screen. The VT320 uses
different cursor characters for (1) text, (2) set-up, and (3) the CRT saver feature.
Data processing keys
Keys that have three or four characters on the top of their keycap. The characters on the right half of the keycap are data processing characters. To use data
processing characters, you must set the _ _ Keys feature in the Keyboard
Set-Up screen to "Data Processing Keys".
DEC Multinational character set
The default character set for the VT320. The DEC Multinational set is one of
two 8-bit sets built into the VT320. The other set is ISO Latin-I. Both 8-bit
sets include the standard ASCII character set and a supplemental set. For 7-bit
environments, see NRC sets.
Diacritical marks
Marks or symbols that indicate a change in the standard pronunciation of a
letter. Examples of diacritics are acute accent ('), grave accent ('), and tilde n.
On the VT320, you can use diacritical marks (if available on your keyboard) to
start two-stroke compose sequences.
Factory default
A standard setting for one of the terminal's operating features, set at the factory. The VT320 uses factory-default settings, unless you select a new setting.
For example, many set-up features have default settings.
Full-duplex modem
A modem that can handle simultaneous, two-way communications.
'Host system
The computer system you connect to the VT320.
ISO
International Standards Organization. ISO Latin-! is one of the two 8-bit multinational character sets built into the VT320. The other set is the DEC
Multinational set. For 7-bit environments, see NRC sets.

GLOSSARY

101

Modem
Modulator - demodulator. A device that converts data from a computer or terminal into signals that can be sent over a telephone line.
Monochrome monitor
A video screen that displays images in shades of one color.
National replacement character (NRC) sets
Built-in VT320 character sets for European languages. NRC sets are for use in
7-bit environments. Each set has 94 characters. NRC sets are similar to the
ASCII set, except for a few characters:
Nonvolatile memory
Random access memory (RAM) that does not lose its contents when you turn
the terminal off. The VT320 uses this memory to store the saved settings of
set-up features.
Pixel
Picture elements. The smallest displayable unit on a video screen. To display a
character, the terminal turns on a series of pixels.
Port
Another term for connector. All the VT320 connectors are on the rear of the
terminal.
Saved settings
The stored settings for set-up features. The VT320 uses these settings when
you turn the terminal on. Initially, the saved settings are the factory-default
settings. You can change the settings in set-up.
Scrolling
Moving information on the screen upward or downward to display more data.
Scrolling region
The area on the screen where you can scroll information. The default scrolling
region is the complete screen. Some applications may only use part of the
screen.
Set-up
A set of display screens on the VT320 that list the settings of the terminal's
operating features. You can use the keyboard to change settings.
Status line
A display line that provides information about the terminal's current operating
state. The status line appears on line 25 at the bottom of the screen. Usually,

102

GLOSSARY

the status line appears only when you display set-up screens. You can select
when to display the status line, using the Status Line feature in the Display
Set-Up screen.
Terminal server
An intelligent device that can connect a number of asynchronous devices (terminals and printers) to a host system. For example, Digital's DECserver 200
can link eight VT320 terminals to a system in a local area network (LAN),
using a high-speed Ethernet cable.
User-defined keys (UDKs)
Any of the 15 keys (F6 through F20) on the top row of the keyboard for which
a programmer has defined special functions. UDKs can store frequently used
text and commands.
Visual character attribute
A quality of a display character that highlights the character, such as bolding
and underlining.

GLOSSARY

103

Index

" and .. Keys feature, 42
< > Key feature, 42
, .. Key feature, 42
6-pin DEC-423 connector, 68
6-pin DEC-423 signals, 71
25-pin RS232-C signals, 69 to 70
7-bit and 8-bit character formats, 33
7-bit and 8-bit character sets, 10
selecting, 10, 30
7-bit ASCII character set, 10
-A-

Angle bracket key function, 42
ANSI, 9,31
Answerback message
Answerback= message feature, 36
Auto Answerback feature, 35
Concealed feature, 36
sending a message with CtrlBreak, 16, 36, 68
Application keypad. See Keypad
feature
Application software
effect on terminal, 8, 9, 14, 15
arrow keys, 31
Arrow keys, 14, 31, 43
ASCII character set, 10, 40, 82

replaced by NRC set, 10
AT&T modems, 55, 62
Audible indicators, 16 to 17
Auto Answerback feature, 35
Auto print mode, 15
Auto Repeat feature, 29, 41
Auto Wrap feature, 26 to 27
-B-

Backarrow Key feature, 42
Background display. See Text,
Screen feature
Backspace (BS) character
using the 
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