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Eche1on¶

Inc.

October

lf984

ZCPR3 NEWSLETTER 007

004 Generated Questions:
Answers to Newsletter
l) Both President Larry
580
Boucher
and New Business Developíríent
Manager,
jim Kurinsky, of Adaptec,
CA
408/'346-8600,
95035,
Cottonwood, Milpitas,
are happy
to send you literature
on their company's
fast controller boards and on companies
that use them 2)
Prices for hard disks were given as less than $3000 for 10 to 40 megabyte
A
We're presently
packaged
10 megabyte
units.
unit goes now for about $900.
looking for 80 megabytes for less than $3000! The up-to-$600 for quarter
megabyte
(Thanks
of RAM is for a plug-in board, not the price of loose chips!
misunderpotential
California,
high1ighting
to Robert Heckert, Fullerton,
for
standing caused by our phraseologies.)
need use no
Our position,
more than
restated, is:
very useful programs
20 or 30
and
RAM,
overlays
of
Using
of
Transient
Program
Area.
kilobytes
a fast,
chaining
permit programs of any size to run fast, very fast,
Such a
used
correctly
Winchester
program-module
is
storage.
installed,
for
philosophy means that BIOS or CP/M-system
size is not of much importance.
is some emotionalism involved in setting up ZCPR3 systems
It seemsonlythere
48K TPA. (We always assume
Our
RAM to be
with, say
full 64K-bytes.)
We
have run
need more than a 48K TPA.
experience suggests few CP/M programs
both T/Maker and WordStar in 44K and, subjectively, can see no chance in
Who wants to
operating
speed caused by reduced buffer allocation space.
conduct measurements
of time taken to scan files, run spreadsheets, etc., with
various sizes of TPA? We'll report your findings here.
Additionally, someone (you) should, in our opinion,ZCPR3 do an in-depth
Softvaret1n nature of
to PC-DOS and
article comparing the Lasting-Value
We'll supply our experience, our facts
Unix. Any takers among you writers?
to support your trade-study
writings; and surely you'll have no trouble
an
such
published.
Comparisons of this nature are hard to
getting
article
need be!
We'll help,
come by.

computeraid;
8—Bit Program: Outline processing is amind expanding
And Mind Amplification
The
Know1e¢Íge
acronym
that.
from
comes
is just
destined to mark our B-bit world:
System, a piece of software
outline
information
processing, wordprocessing, telecommunications,
retrieval, and a
The system
programming
language,
Forth-like
all-in-one.
is somewhat commandSounds
line-completion
driven.
like an ideal program for control by VFILER,
ZCPR3 could make KAMAS turn-key,
MENU, and VMENU.
from a series of chained
(up to 255), custom,
KAMAS sounds like
For $175.00
easy-to-alter menus.
push.
CP/M-80
development
something we would like to
software
is alive and
KAMAS
by Compuproduced
But
well, thank you.
no thanks to many others.
is
SW
OR
2525
224th Street, Aloha,
97006. Write, orgive them
sophic Systems,
(Adam Trent,
President) a call at telephone 503/649-3765. (Ezra Shapiro has a
four-page Preview of program
in September
issue of BYTE, starting page 123.)
(and talk) enough
about
ZCPR3, but our attitude
Some think we don't write
have
and
a super operating
a tool to be used to solve
system
is: we
it's
day
ZCPR3
prcMems.
provides the environment to integrate application
every
adaptable (throuüt VMENU,
programs that work hard, provides a user-interface
MENU and VFILER)
k"e speak
to the experience level of the console operator.
ZCPR3
and write
and
of those programs
hardware ideal for the
environment, that
provide a more-than-competitive,
solution to our problems. But
cost effective
seems our pronouncements
cause
a stirring in certain
intellectual circles,
Important

kamas

ZCPR3

Newsletter

among

those

007

who

matters, but are not following through
turn, sleep comes not,..are we tools of
a mirror
part of this syndrome;
is in
you're not a ZCPR3 user.

know the
of these
They
squirm and
and consumption?
Are we

vith beliefs.

truth

commercialism
the bathroom, but only look

Take a look at what XDIRcan do.
TIPS:
It's so powerful that most of us
can do, because we don't remember all its
never think of using things
The U trailing option enables displaying
power.
all files in all User Areas.
The
log
disk
a
to
directory
ability
files into file and then compare other
directories to that file is extremely useful and a time-saving feature for
scanning lots of disks to find differences among them. The negate option
permitting display of all but the listed files is novel in the CP/M world.
Study
of options possible and comparison table below provides information
on
The table
why
so
features.
describe
to
with
indicates
is
difficult
its
mere words
all features of directory display programs provided with ZCPR3.

Command:

Syntax:
or
Function:

XDIR
XDIR
XDIR
XDIR

Version 2.0
dir: afn ooo...
/OOO...

displays
and

Options:

a
a

on the console or
disk directory
name
scanner.
file

printer

of files to be selected
Indicate attributes
- a=A
and Non-System)
(System
Files
for All
a=N for Non-System
Files [default]
a=S for System
Files
Send Output to Disk File XDIR.DIR
Ff - Enable a File Scanner Function
f=L to Log File Names to FNAMES.DIR
f=P to Print File Names Stored in FNAMES.DIR

f=S

to
Inspect

Scan Disk and
Logged
Files

Compare
to FNAMES.DIR
(use with FL option only)

I Selection of Files
- Negate
Select
Features
Output
- O=A
to Disable Display of File Attributes

(R,

to Form Feed Printer when Display Done
to Group Files by Name and Type
Format
o=H to Display Files in Horizontal
Send Display to Printer
Send Display to Printer
with Trailing Form
Select All User Areas

o=F
O=G

PF
U

(assuming
hardcopy printout
features of DIRS (as well as
Enter:
the HELPPR program.

HELPPR

Options for
the command

HELPPR

you
any

have

other

printer)
help HLP

are obtained

entering

file)

Feed

all characteristics
can

obtained

and

using

the customary double-slash

after

name:
HELPPR

to s1ight other ZCPR3 directory display programs, let's compare them
and
using a matrix table of features
functions. Z3 DIR is the
to
RCP
DIR
CP,
assembled
is in the Resident Command Package, and
in the
intrinsic
COM
XD
and XDIR are transient
DIR,
programs.
Not
XDIR

Page

Newsletter

ZCPR3

Attribute

Size
Sort File Names
Select Sort Order
Select SYS Files
Select All Files
Negate
File Select
Display Attributes
Horiz/Vert Format
Printer Output
Program

Form

Z3 DIR
N/A

RCP

DIR
N/A
Yes

DIR
2K
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes

4K
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes

N/A
Yes
Yes

Yes
Yes

Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes

Feed

Select All
Disk Output
File Scanner

Table

Comparison

Display

Directory

Users

007

XDIR
8K
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes

Convenient printer fomatting
to an equally important program: PRINT.
(PAGE,
main
features.
extreme flexibility are
for output to console, has
and
PAGE
PRINT
can
replace
remember
intrinsic built-ins,
similar features;
TYPE and LIST.)

And
and

now

Command:

Syntax:
Function:

PRINT
PRINT

Version 2.0

Prints
offers

a
on the LST: device,
Prints a
many more options.
numbers
numbers
lines,
pages,

file,
stamp

dir: afnl,dir:afn2,...

file

output,

puts

Optíons:
E

Print
- Exact
Numbers,

(Expand
Heading)

file

Tabs,

o...

name on
Form

LIST does,
but
headirtg, pages
places date/time
output, and more.

Feed,

Line or

Page

header

of file name display on page
- (default default
is ON, so
turns off name display)
Htext - Define Heading text to appear at the top
of each page (deliin =
for example)
(user
Files
selects
Inspect
files before printing begins)
I Enable
numbering
each line
L
of
- Disable Multiple Run Flag
run is ON, then no
(if multiple each
- "Set Top of Form" message appears
and PRINT
for
file
moves from one file to another unattended) default
is
Toggle

On
Sri
T

with Multiple Run ON
Disable numbering
of each page
each
Offset from left
line n-spaces to the right
Start printing on page n
Toggle
date/tinie stamp in the header of each page (a TIME
subroutine must be assembled
into PRINT to enable stamp)

COMMANDS
GLOSSARY and ZCPR3
reference cards, presently shipped with our
We
been
software,
have
sent complementary to all Echelon customers.
care
about your well beiríg and believe these two items assist every day use of
ZCPR3 B-bit CP/M software,
both during initial learning and for promoting
These
retention.
cards at computer-side permit quick operator assist
fuller
to forgotten commands and word meanings.

Z3 Bug Report:
Two more come
and UNERASE both
not do

will

from Peter
their jobs

FINDF
of Pasadena,
California.
the files searched for are the

Lyman

Page

ZCPR3

Newsletter

007

four in the directory on
first doesn't
expand
because

track two of the floppy disk. Also from Peter,
of direct use of BIOS calls, instead of using
BDOS
So text HLP files using TAB
calls.
for indent and big spaces don't look
goocí!
TAB
Quick
too
solution is to not use
in HELP text files, but five (or
We're
1ooking
eight) spaces instead.
long-term solution.
for a satisfactory

HELP

tabs

Page 396 of BYTE,
September
1984,
Magazine Articles:
gives a little history
of ZCPR3 and points to where it's going; stated at article's end, "to be
17 September,
1984,
59,
continued."
InfoWorld,
page
starting
carries an
Bookshelftm
by
Mehr
Ampro
review
piece
about
Series 100
excellent
Allen
ZCPR3
well'
Friendlytn1.
Computers,
words
and
The
as
as kind
describing
Shell
machine
and,
Ease of Use,
received hitghest ratings in categories Setup,
most
(Please
important,
Performance.
don't miss Echelon's full page ads in Issue
#10 of User's Guide andOctoberComputer
Language magazines.)
ZCPR3
One
by
of
a
Part
Richard Conn appears
as keystone piece in
article
October Computer Language, November
the second part. An in-depth,
for
'84 issue.
independent review of ZCPR3
also appears
in the November
The Dr. Dobb's
SYSLIB3
by
on
Robert Blum appears in the
journal article
November 1984 issue.
That same issue of DDJhas an interesting write-up on
about
making
files public (9ioba1, from any directory, access of both command
and text files) using a licensed DISK7tm
and
program
for special displaying
copying of pUB1ictm files, as well as normal files.
Bridger Mitchell of
CA
Plu*Perfect
92349, 714/659-4432,
Systems, Box 1494, Idyllwiid,
has a
We
CP/M.
thoroughly developed approach
public
under
to
files
are considering
a feature
implementing
we can preserve
like public files under ZCPR3
directory password
security.

Microsoft wins over Digital Research,
we must report.
Xenix
versus AT&T:
(Unix System 3) wins over AT&T System 5. System 3 is the standard now, and
IBM has taken Unix development away from the erstwhile
monopoly,
bureaucracyAT&T.
IBM
The
PC-AT
(Advanced
competition-tough.
Technology)
infested
is
with Local Area Network (LAN) from Sytek, Mountain View, California,
is the
product big-business wants, and probably needs and deserves. (IBM has rights
to purchase 5% of Sytek, which in turn is 51% owned by General Instrument!)
IBM appears
of mainframes and minis
to not be going the time-share approach
LAN is efficient,
ESD
before.
we said this in several
ways
using Unix.
(Entry Systems Division) wins over other divisions;
Florida leads the struggle
5
AT&T should have established
System
against other parts of the IBM world.
Apple
is dead in
as the standard before
came out with computer hardware.
DOS
good
DRI
Lisa,
Irene?
market,
night
Concurrent
is
or is
this
Who needs sales to Fortune 500 companies
detected!
born, nary a movement
anyway?
A huge,
marketing staff cuts the mustard. That's our musings.
savvy
any single company
can be given such credit, caused
Digital Research,
operating system
the microprocessor to become popular with its virtual-machine
8080 cpu's.
when
But
competitive,
the
going
B-bit
got
got rough, its
just
for
New leadership
of late has done no better.
was found wanting.
leadership
They miss the
know
johnny-come-recentlies
of what they need to know.
little
We
and
again.
Blood
boat--see not the patch for the code!
sorrow, again
comes
from our pores but, as we all know, we reap what we sow; natural law
cannot be circumvented.
Another IBM move having profound industry consequences
is their endorsement
of Graphic Systems Software, Wilsonvilie, Oregon, graphics operating
MS-DOS,
Microsoft's
means
system. This move, similar to the way IBM adopted
GSX
good-bye
saw the
Sunnyvale, California,
from ORÍ!
Mindset Corporation,
wisdom
(But we wonder how
of GSS when taking it on for their super PC clone.
be
around
PC-AT
is.)
with the
priced the way
long such clones can
IBM

still-

Page

ZCPR3

Newsletter

007

located in San Jose,
Technology, our favorite terminal manufacturer,
$17
done
has
year's sales of over
so well (last
California,
milliom they are
1.8
goiríg public with an offeriñ9 of
million shares of stock at approximately
A
$8.00
Valley. coming from customer-insight,
success
Silicon
in
share.
per
And now for...
and simple hard work; westcoast good news!
courage
Wyse

Bad News:
Sadness
darkens our faces with the knowledge that Ziff-Davis is
We
are charter subscribers,
cance1ling publication of Microsystems magazine.
The magazine's
remember
the first issue produced
with a Diablo daisywheel.
demise
signals another bow-wave in the microcomputer
incÍustry--publishing
and
moving
from
Dr. Dobb's more than
East
West.
ComputerLanguage
to
power
and User's Guide, so unique in our
the gap vacated by Microsystems,
industry, continues as the journal of new computer users, and of those who
Weekly
desire an in-depth understandim of popular computer programs.
InfoWorld completes the quadrangle with timely micro-news and product reviews.
Four influential--thus
powerful--journals westcoast produced! (Let's not
both
Unix
magazines,
UnixWorld and UnixReview,
forget
are from this same
coast.)
Also, Mícrocomputíng
magazine is finished after much twisting and
BYTE more than covers whatever small void created by one less such
churning.
publication. And furthermore, BYTE, seeing the handwriting on the wall, is
Gee, that's good news!
covering CP/M-80 activity with renewed vigor.
About
two years ago we proclaimed,
while many seemed not to know what we
we were
tUkim about, "There's something sick with an industry that requires
Company
so much money
spent in advertising products.
managers funneling
stockholder (or vc) equity capital to pay for ads before products succeed,
or
much less make money--such
paths lead to Chapter Eleven." Comes time now to
We
need
more
soul exhibited.
pay for short term views,
for so
Too many clone-magazines, too
constructive
ideas from people, less copy-cats.
few impressed and inspired readers, too many ads with mind-numbing and
The
language-altering word: Íngs!
industry yields to natural karmic
retribution. (Maybe magazine subscription prices are too low, ad prices too
has been and is
high, management
decisions lack insight;
something certainly
than whole.)
far less
We
and their editors:
presently favor four magazines

fills

little

I. User's

Guide
5245
Redwood City,

94063

Computer
Language
131 Townsend
Street
San Francisco, CA 94107

Dr,
2464
Palo

POB

Dobb's
journal
Embarcadero
Way
Alto, CA 94303

BYTE
70 Main

Street
Peterborough,

03458

Please support them by making known your feelings,
your likes and dislikes,
and subscribing.
Echelon has ads in two of them now and will have in them
Our attitudes could change
business justifies.
their editorial
all,
policies ever promote other than a healthy climate in which we can learn and
in which we can grow--1earning, growing, that's what we call living! See you
down the
lines...

Echelon, Inc.
First Street
Altos, CA 94022

101

RCP/M

Los
Telephone:
BBS
Modem:

415/948-3820
408/258-8128

Page

ZCPR3

Newsletter

007

CP/M,
Trademarks:
Digital Research; Z3-Dot-Com, Alpha Systems; Bookshelf,
280,
Ampro Computers;
2i1og; Unix, AT&T Bell
Friendly,
Lisa, Apple Computer;
ZCPR3, SYSLIB3,
TERM3,
EMSG, Richard L. Conn;
DISCAT,
Laboratories;
LastingValue
Software, DISK7, Echelon; PC-DOS, IBM, Int'l Business Machines; WY-50,
Systems;
Wyseword, Wyse Technology; KAMAS, Compusophic
PUBlic, Plu*Perfect
Systems.

Newsletter 007
sion to reprint

Echelon, Inc.
101 First Street
CA
94022
Los Altos,

PermisEchelon, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
credit
given
Echelon.
granted automatically
to
source
is

is Copyright

1984

Echelonjnc.

12 November

1984

009

ZCPR3

haven't been discussed much and presently appear to be
features of ZCPR3. But that should change when we understand the
little
CD
(change
directory)
environmental flexibility attained with them.
is used
password
change
That's
security.
access
from one directory to another with
to
most
automatically
running
perfOrms is
useful, but another
important task
ST.COM
requested
on
the
entering
exists)
directory! ST (start) is an
(if
(a
commands
known
by
a short name) that is used to change
alias file
series of
from a previous environment to another, one more useful and efficient for
ST loads new SYSn.NDR
as well as new RCP and
present tasks. For example,
file
recommend
FCP files!
Then MENU
be
doing with DISCAT
auto-entered as we
may
command;
(ST
RCP, and FCP are
and
NDR,
CAT.
global alias,
is an alias
its segments
Thus
by
and
LDR.COM
the environloaded
system
are memory resident.)
we go to a
ment is tailored with those tools to perform work efficiently;
and
A
applied
p1anning
to all
different area for this reason.
little thought
tasks envisioned,
convenient work space set-up for each--that's advanced
An environment is:
coirtputing!
specifically desKned work space.
Each
named
SYSn.NDR,
(with optional password access) is
directory,
ST.COM'S.
MKDIR.
ALIAS.COM
created using
Alias ST
is used to create custom
CD
NDR'S
ST
auto-runs),
but
name
must always have the
(that's the only file
may have any name as
as the type is NDR.
all can
If you are careful,
have
to directory-exact same file name, but don't copy them from directory
one overwrites
another!
Thowh with same name their contents are different;
change,
they each produce
creating desired local environment, e.g.:
Z3

TIPS:

CD and

used

B0: wORK>cd
PW?

text:

mypass
C7: TEXT>
As distributed,
never seemed enough)

(ST

has

been

auto-loaded)

permits 14 (fourteen is an odd number,
but a dozen
directories
simultaneously in memory (though it's
easy to allocate more memory buffer space
that's desired, 18 bytes per
name).
But by running ST a different named directory
file can be loaded for
each directory entered, permitting up to 448 names per (1ogical)
drive (14
names x 32 areas).
Certainly such a limit places few bounds on most planning
activities and resultant environments!
ZCPR3
named

We've

vith

version of ZEX not requiring assembly to install on your
to those who don't own MAC and SID/ZSID is obvious.
Now installation of all ZCPR3
is identical using Z3INS.COM,
utilities
SYS.ENV (or Z3.ENV
Z3-Dot-Com),
and
ZCPR3.INS.
The program
running
object
ZCPR3
RCP/M
ZEX.OBJ.
Rename
ZEX.COM
on
as
before
with
to
is
installing
file
Z3INS.
(DDT-patching at standard location 1OAH is single-file quick way.)
More
Ted Emigh (Raleigh,
North Carolina) devprograms on the RCP/M:
ZCPR3
FINDERR.
eloped a
Warning and fatal errors from M80
tool called
and the
assembly sets ZCPR3 registers; ZEX processing,
like, react accordingly.
Other transient (application)
programs
probably can use FINDERR techniques to advantage, trappiíi9 error conditions under ZCPR3. The five files of
FINDERR(inc1uding upgradecí M80.ZEX) are on the ZCPR3 RCP/M as FINDERR.LBR.
Also LDR11 is there!
It's finally fully fixed, we really believe.
Seems
Additionally,
latest version of DU3 can be downloaded
as DU3.OBJ.
some CP/M BIOS implementations
didn't like the way the internal help text was
being processed. Hopefully new version takes care of that problem.
come

system.
Hurrah!

Advantage

ZCPR3

009

Newsletter

ZCPR3
ZCPR3

BBS

RCP/M Comments:
and
up and running,

and

David

McCord

has

been sensational
¿;etting the
board
(Isaac
dispatch.
such
Salmnan,
North
with
Hollywood, California,
213/615-6410, and his ZCPR3 RCP/M were an inspiration.)
Tim Gary's METAL message
has many bells and whistles;
system employed
truly a
desirable interface
that's easy to use.
When 1oggii: íg on
for first time, record all dialog (with your modem
Be sure to retain
program) so you can later study the transaction offline.
commands
and instructions
CP/M area.
system
And remember,
of
going
into
list entering CP/M
PHD
directories)
so you see
working
to
type
after
area,
(print
(and know)
Here's
how you go from one to
names of all available
directories.
The command
and
another--you name them!
line prompt appears: AO: COMMAND>
by
you go to another
disk/user area
typing desired directory name.
AO:COMMAND>ZCPR3:
takes you to the ZCPR3 directory
It's not too much
area.
homebase
You
TCSELECT
than
can
use
systems!
computer
to install
different
our
your terminal on the system, and then take advantage of screen-oriented
(HELP,
etc.) found there!
utilities
Dave intends (with Tim's assistance)
of BBS users'
to collect a database
Such
a
terminals, characteristics auto-activated after initial log-on.
ZCPR3 sets news standard!
feature is a first, to our knowledge, for BBS's.
?
H
Here's what you see
or
is entered while in METAL message system:

* * *

ZCPR3

HELP

BBS

* * *

"B"

"C"or"CPM"

"E"

=
=
=
=
=

"G"
"H"

"BYE"

or
or "?"

"K"
"LIST"

"O"
"Q"
"R"
"REPLY"
"RP"
"RS"

"S"

"U"
"W"

=
=
=
=

"X"
"Y" or
"#"
Control
Control

"CHAT"

=
S
K

or
or

Commands may be
command on one

the [mre)

Display system Login bulletins (important info).
To go to CP/M with extensive help shown before entering.
Enter a new message into the message data base (prompted).
Log off from the system
through Metal BBS (comments req.).
Repeat
the display of this message (9Ft help).
a
message
to you (only) in the data base.
Kill
Inquire about a user of this system (last logirí date, etc).
Show a
near this Metal BBS.
list of other systems
(by subject)
Show a quick
of current messages.
listim
Retrieve a specific message by number (repeatiñ9).
Reply to a message in the data base (fills in 'to' portion).
Read new messages"since last login,
in order with prompting.
Read any messages
prompting.
order
with
in
Show a listing of messages
with author and date info.
Change your password,
User
parameters.
or
Re-Display the system Login Welcome Message.
Select the expert mode (short prompts) of operation.
Call for the System Operator (6:00 p.m. to 10: 00 p.m.).
Show vital numbers
like high msg., caller #, etc.
Suspend
output for viewing, any key to restart scrollirm
Cease current command and return to command mode.

separated

line.

All outputs will
see

:
e

pause

prompt.

by
Example

after

a space
R;234
:
23

lines,

a semicolon
would
retrieve

type

any

key

have

message

more
234.

to continue

than
when

one

you

Entering C or CPM at the command line takes you to the RCP/M portion of
the system, where you upload and download files using Ward Christensen's
XMODEM
TERM3 has this
error checkirig and correcting transmission protocol.
protocol, plus...that's another story.

Page

ZCPR3

Newsletter

009

The quickest and simplest way to get ZCPR3 up and
New-Users-of-CP/M
Corner:
Language
guru living with you) is to
running (next to havint: a CP/M Assembly
Z3-DOT—COM;
(4)
minutes or less.
After
installation takes four
install
somewhat
become
and
new environment, the
having
instal1ing
familiar with the CP/M
CCP
command
Z3 in your
command
line
trick setup results from ptittiríg the
Then
up
comes
(Use DDT to do this.)
the machine
in
on cold-boot
buffer.
ZCPR3 and not plain vanilla CP/M.
Here's how--SYSGEN
your system disk outer tracks into memory (use of
SYSGEN
CP/M
documentation received with your computer), SAVE
is described in
40 CPM.SYS .
Then DDT CPM.SYS , display hex and ASCII code using D
copyright notice shows:
Digita1 Research
repeatedly

'till

0980
0990
09AO
0980

each D
entered.)
lines of hex and ASCII appear
58 OF 7F 00 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20
COPYRIGH
20 20 20 20 20 20 20 43 4F 50 59 52 49 47 48
T
(C) 1979,
DIGI
20 28 43 29 20 31 39 37 39 2C 20 44 49 47 49
RESEARCH
41 4C 20
TAL
etc.

for

(sixteen

-D
C3

20
54
54

.....

separated by two
important task is firÁiñ9 two "C3'"S (JMP instructions)
ahead
of the DR copyeach, followed by"7F" and"OO" in the line
characters
I1OOH
Shack,
(Some
Radio
Morrow
use location
computers, like
or
right notice.
DR
DDT
986H,
image
of
address
for
or some other address, instead of standard
command
line buffer address.) Now using DDT'S S (set) command, do this:
(your console keyboard entries are in bold)

The

-S986
S986 7F
S987
S988
S989
S98A
S98B
^C

00 2
20 5A
20 33
20 O
20
.

return retains present hex value.)
of characters in cmd, after each entry;
then the command name in hex. Z3 = 5A 33.)

(carriage
(numbers

(NULL

for

end

of command
a period to terminate
(ctrl-c to exit DDT.)

sequence,
command,

then last

You now
Next, again SAVE40 CPM.SYS and SYSGENsaved
to system tracks.
file
And
and
CPM.SYS.
have your"system"
as adisk file:
bothondiskboot tracks
have
Z3-Dot—Com
and
Now
more importantly
you
you can experience
running!
up
by this epic
the range permitted
enhanced
program and environmentally
operating system.
If you have problems putting Z3 :in your command buffer and haven't been
successful after seven (7) tries, call your nearest good-neighbor helper, or
call us and we'll do what we can to talk you through the operation.
Two versions
one for Z80 machines and
of Z3-Dot-Com are available:
The latter version
another for 8080/8085.
ideal
for CompuPro/Zenith dual
is
operating system computers.
Z3

VFILER'S
You can't execute#CMD-file menuhas a problem.
numbered)
from the ill menu, but only from the
We've located and fixed the biig (undocumented
display!
characteristic).
The code change
be distributed
within the fortnigPít.
bugs are gettirig
Program
been our goal from the
apart--that's
few and
beginning of our software design and development
Let us know
be
of
We'll
these
pesky
things.
using
the ZCPR3 BBS
you
anymore
and occasionally
The
object
to release
the
board
source.
ZCPR3
and
quickest way to transmit and receive messages and programs
from
to
Bug Report:
commands

files

find

users--we're

(user

directory-of-

fix will

fixed
a

far

little
files

tight community

the

activities.

move.

Page

ZCPR3

From

009

Newsletter

Author of

Richard

ZCPR3,

WHAT

There are

MAKES

Conn:

PROGRAM

INTO

A ZCPR3 TOOL?

programs in the public domain, and several ZCPR3
programs in terms of functionality
tools duplicate
in one way or
D, SI), DI),
the PO offers the directory display programs
another. For example,
and others,
while the ZCPR3 toolset offers the programs DIR, XI), and XDIR.
Why duplicate
the effort in the ZCPR3 toolset--why
not simply use available
public domain programs?
The programs
not consistent in their syntax or
in the public domain are ZCPR3
method
of use, by and 1arge.
tools to be consistent in a
I created the
number
of ways:
many

good

these

1.
The public domain
ZCPR3 did not know how
Named
and the command
search

directories,

instance.

tools which were not associated with
to deal with the ZCPR3 environment.
like PASCAL: , could not be referenced,
path had no meaning to them, for

2.
Some tools
A consistent
syntax was not supported.
required their arguments to be prefixed by"-", others by
"$", others by nothirig at all or a space, etc.
All of the
ZCPR3 tools prefix their arguments
a file
a
"/"
with
provided,
a
a
a file
reference
not
"/"
or
space or
is
reference is provided.
3.
The
help feature was not universally
built-in
Some programs told you how to use them
you
supported.
others did not
typed in their name with no arguments,
provide any internal documentation at all, etc.
I didnot
succeed
in making all of the ZCPR3 tools consistent in this
Many,
but not all, ZCPR3
sense, but the attempt was rr,ade.
dOcumentation
contain
which
tools
is acquired by
built-in
typing tool's name followed by two slashes, like "XI) //".
4.
The tools didn't support
lists ofI'mfiles as arguments
when
rrtade functional sense to.
really a strong
advocate of this;
I want to print five files, for
instance, I would rather issue one PRINT command with five
files named (or one AFN and then perform an inspection) and
go than issue one PRINT command
with one file name,
let
and then another PRINT command,
etc.

if
if

everyone
I encourage
to enjoy their ZCPR3 system, write tools for it, and
them
contribute
to the user community. I feel, however, that a program
is not
abides by the rules specified above as much as possible
a ZCPR3 tool unless
(rules 3 and 4 sometimes don't apply or are simply waived). SYSLIB, Z3LIB,
and VLIB all contribute
toward providing the support necessary to make the job
of tool consistency and adherence
to these rules less of a task.

Page

ZCPR3

Newsletter

009

The new DPROG
(Version 1.1) is significantly
Update Note from Rick:
2
Phase
release version, thanks to one simple change.
different from initial
programming
devices from a file using commands like: DPROG
Instead of simply
ASM to program
(function keys, user message line, etc.) to support
a terminal
the user inAssembly Language programming, the new DPROG also allows words
(defined in the indicated file) to be specified on the command line like:

Utility

DPROG

EPSON

ELONG

FONT2

capability greatly extends the utility of DPROG. In the above
example,
read in the file EPSON.DPG, process it (inc1udim the
will
which
definition of whatever words are contained in this file, such as
commands
the printer to go to elongated print and FONT2 which selects some
character
set/font numbered 2), and then pass over the words (or strings)
By writing a
specified in the command line.
your printer,
file whichcanprograms
EPSON,
OKIDATA,
TOSHIBA,
use DPROG to select
an
whether
etc,
you
is
it
printer output attributes.
Such

DPROG

ELONG

Included with the new DPROG is ahe1p file (DPROG.HLP) which documents
this new feature and several sample *.DPG files, The file P1350.DPG programs
my Toshiba P1350 printer and should serve as an example
to users on how to set
DPG
up a
file for their own printers.
Echelon ships DPROG, Version 1.1, as
DPROG.HLP and *,DPG files are
orders.

new Core,
part of ZCPR3
on

the

BBS

and
Utility,
within the

Phase

fortniüit.

program
fixes and improvements to be considered
Bells Ríngíng...tools,
must
come to Echelon
for official distribution
are configuration
first!
ZCPR3
Please do not put fixes onto
managers for all
related software.
RCP/M'S:
they confuse too many users as to their status and validity.

Alarm

Another ZCPR3 Utility Program:
Xpert Software (8865 Pol1and Avenue, San
CA
has
92123)
Diego,
announced that their XtraKey
is ZCPR3
utility
and
Tom
"key"
compatible--most
other
Geldner
Robert
programs are not.
Greenlee (company co-founders) have a most economical, complete CRT console,
The CP/M
2.2
we have not seen better.
printer function-key generator;
Now that's
universal package goes for $39.95.
value.
Order (Visa/Mastercard
accepted) by calling them at 6!9/268-0112 orsend checkormoney
order plus
We
$3.00
add this program
shipping (California
residents add 6% sales tax).
Software list.
to our Lastíng—Va1ue
Coincidently,
a ZCPR3 user has developed a function-key
program
running
We
as a ZCPR3 system segment I/O (input/output) Package!
presently
are
reviewing this package and probably will license its use to ZCPR3 users for a
small fee.
HELPus correct mistakes
you think we made some.
If you placed an order
forDISCAT, Phase2, etc. and think
shouldhave arrived by now, andhasn't,
let us know. These computer database systems we use for order entry and
shipping are not perfect; especially not perfect are console operators keying
characters
you think
into them--we admit that's ourbiggest problem. SCi
delivery is taking too long, write us a ñote stating your concern. (ZCPR3:
The Manual, CP/M Apple ][ and Epson
QX-lO
disk formats, and TERM3 are not
shipping
presently, so don't write of them. Presently they receive our
highest priority.)

Page

ZCPR3

Newsletter

009

Dísk Operating System (DOS) takes advantage
of extended functions of Zilog
DOS
DOS.
2RDOS
Z800
280/800
The
Replacement
2RDOS,
mates
chip!
called
new
ZCPR3's
Wheel
and
Byte
compatible
CP/M-80 software.
Dennis L. Wright, (no
but they are
to Joseph W.
code,
which"estab1ishes relationship)
author of
one who loves
and
Since
Research
has
B-bit economy
efficiency.
Digita1
apparently abandoned
and
MS-DOS
Xenix capture of
to
our world (a reaction
operating system market), Echelon has decided to
the small
(We
unnoticed
void presently
received DR'S
proposal and found
non-responsive
needs;
took us
to
Nev

with

is
relation

fully

Microsoft

it
Therefore,

existing.

with
Wriüít,
this striking

fill

recently

all

friends,

16-bit
generally

utility

Microsoft never
our
we intend
to market a full set of B-bit operating
seriously.)
system, development and support software using Echelon-sponsored ZRDOS, macroand debuggers.
relocating assembler with linker and librarian, translators,
Now we search for a competent set of programs
to replace MAC, RMAC, LINK,
M80 and L80...end one era, beginanew.
Much creativity
is coming from many
and from clever individuals;
small, humble companies
we prepare to explore and
use

this creativity.

stream we plan to machine translate all our released programs
XLATE may be
presently using Intel mnemonics
Public domain program
to Zilog.
able to effectively perform the job; we're looking into this program plus
other translators, like ITOZ (Intel to Zi1og) and ZTOI from RD Software
(Founder,
Robert Doolittle, Pacific Palisades, California).
Furthermore, RD
ZDM/ZDMZ
Software
should handle our debugger needs for Assembly Language
software development work. As you see, lots of B-bit activity...
OEM/VAR'S
may inexpensively
obtain directly from Echelon licenses to
resell complete operating and development system packages; Echelon,
your
Remember,
single source for ZCPR3 related software.
both ZCPR3 and ZRDOS are
downward
Those interested
can obtain a sample
compatible with CP/M software.
and more technical
by
agreement
details
writing us (please don't telephone,
thanks).
Down

Lower—than—expected-demand for IBM PC'S has created a grey/black market of
discounters
for the product. Suchpractices
turnbusiness-1ike blue of Big
Blue into a grubby, tattered
banner--one filled with short-term greed and lack
the market they took
of wholeness. Despite IBM'S seemingly good intentions,
control from pioneers is more than a mess, it's a quagmire!
Real
leadership would demand an immediate stop to contractually
illegal
(dumping)
by
their big dealers to unlicensed houses; but, IBM'S over
selling
production is so great they covet every potential avenue for buyers, no matter
the status or money willim to be paid. Of course, the PC-AThas a lot to do
with present low demand for the vanilla PC's and XT'S.
Contrast this market
Inc. of Mountain View,
flux with record October 1984 sales by Ampro Computers,
California.
As an aside, ínost popular mainframe IBM 4381 computer memory,
using their
We
256k-bit chips, sells for (get this) $10,000 per megabyte--that's economy?
is no
guess $9,000 is for service-after-sales, $1,000 for hardware...there
free lunch!
Long

Live

Page

B—bit

machines...

ZCPR3

Newsletter

009

is Echelon's Business? Microcomputer pioneer,Des:George Morrow, recently
Morrow
Ígns, Inc. Well, EI is
his company:
a similar question about
of ourselves and our
conscience
in the business of learning, becoming more

What
asked

We
experience rewards from study, work, play-environment (no pun intended).
From
mentally, to us, all the same.
these experiences, occasionally we try to
communicate
to all of us.
knowledge, those things found valuable, hopefully,
But recently we've come to realize that knowledge (especially its cousin,
So we do
understanding) cannot be transmitted,
but data and information can.
moving
These
level
from
that instead.
latter act as catalyst to those former,
We
dynamic
with
give
to level, a swirl of intermingling,
energy.
little
first
Reception
lo, we receive seven-fold.
concern for what is to be received--but
mental, intellectual,
material,
occurs at several levels simultaneously,
emotional...
The
national economy and our industry appear reacting to an earliercaught dose of malaria, which has become chronic, giviw us recurring bouts of
chills and fever--booms and busts--recession and inflation. Base our business
We
needs
on satisfying sound
of human nature and our business is sustained.
do
this.
try to
Send
we'd like to know them.
your thoughts concerning these matters;
Without you, our customers, we learn painfully slow!

of Letter recently received from Edgar Allen Poe:
that bad! Three square meals a day, clean linens...no
all
black birds or daily hassles from Federal IRS...
Fragment

The

grave is not
nightly yakkiñ9

Intelligence (AI) Research: directed efforts supposedly to make
Artificial
The
easier.
19-company AI grouping (Microelectronics
Computer
life
Technology
&

in Austin, Texas) is an example of what's lacking in
humanity-—a
How can we
mass of indirection,
no willfulness, no leadership!
by
discuss such a subject (AI beim one never defined,
egotism
of
except
highest order) without knowing what intelligence is, much less its bogus
aspects: the artificial!
The japanese noble-challenge
requires our
to US technology leadership
ascendiné:
descending;
as
now
appears.
degenerate
effort, not
certainly not
Easy comes by opening our consciousness, neverby masking off reality.
Remember
Who
we are biologica1
least we should.
life and we live, or atagoaH
Who set making
claims to be a Zombie?
MadisonAvenue,
life easy
those not knowing what good-life is about and seemingly trying to make sure we
don't find
for ourselves? Always leading us to mindless consumption.
Corp.

See

you

down

the

lines...

Echelon, Inc.
FirstCA Street
94022
Los Altos,
Telephone: 415/948-3820
zcpr3 bbs & rcp/m: 415/489-9005
101

CP/M,
Z3-Dot-Com,
Trademarks:
Alpha Systems;
Bookshelf,
Digital Research;
Ampro
Z80,
AT&T
ZCPR3, Sys1ib3,
Computers;
Zi1og; Unix,
Bell Laboratories;
Term3, Richard L. Conn; Discat, Lasting-Value
Software, Disk7, Echelon; pedos,
WY-50,
Wyseword,
ibm, Int'l Business Machines; MS-DOS, Xenix, Microsoft;
Wyse Technology; ZRDOS, Dennis
L. Wright; Metal, Delphi Data Systems;
Xtrakey,
RD
ITOZ/ZTOI,
ZDM/ZDMZ,
Xpert Systems;
Software.

Newsletter 009
sion to reprint

is Copyri¿;ht

automatically

1984

Echelon, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Permisgranted
source credit is given to Echelon.

Page

Echelon, Inc.

z-más
stallation

From ZRDOS
program):

1.0

come

Z TIPS:
have

up.

author,
"Several
I hope

ZRDINS
(joseph
Wright
Wright
wrote
regarding
questions
problems
and
apparent

Dennis·

the following

1985

February

105

information

semi-auto
inZRDOS
Version

will help to clarify these

questions.

16
least one system (CCS 300, 400) uses part (the last
SYSGEN
image
bytes) of the
in the
for cold boot configuration
The solution is to first
Installation
of ZRDOS overlays this area.
information.
ZRDOS
This will
the
BIOS hex file.
image
and
then
the
reinstall
sysgen
into
install
ZRDOS
48
the
image
bytes
problem
the
is stack area. The ces
of
as
last
cause no
for
the
contained
the
system
during cold boot.
system uses
there to configure
information
needed
and
longer
the
Once
cold boot occurs this information is no
will be overlaid by

"It

has

been

found that at
image
area

BDOS

ZRDOS.

'The ZRDOS
installation instructions contain an example SYSGEN image installation
Some
image
CP/M SYSGEN
based on a standard
image (ORiG 980H).
systems
use a different
when
base address.
So be sure to calculate
the
the correct offset
ZRDOS.BIN
"ZRDOS
BOOS
Non-standard
impleis the replacement
for a standard CP/M 2.2 BOOS.
be]
[and
supported.
mentations
cannot
are not
"Some public
domain
have been found to function incorrectly under
ZRDOS.
undocumented
the
internal
were using
cases reported so far
In
BOOS.
ZRDOS
documented
CP/M
Research
2.2
features of
supports only the
reported
so far are ARCHIVLCOM by Kelly Smith which requires
features. The
and
BOOS,
SDIR.COM
which modifies BOOS error vectors. ARCHIVE
a patch to
not
AC.COM
needed under ZRDOS;
fcalled COPY.COM
in the early issues] does the same job.
SDIR should be modified to use the ZRDC)S
set and reset cold boot trap functions
[joseph
updated
(Functions
Wright
50 and 52) that are provided
handle
these needs.
to
BBS
been distributed
Super Directory (SD97):
works with ZRDOS;
network]"
to
has corrected ERR£R1/2 to run under ZEX
jay Sage (Newton Centre, Massachusetts)
command-failure
conditions. He also made the single-command
error display more meanZ3SAGEJJB&
This
His updates
At
same time he worked over DU3.
are in
ingful.
(ZRDOS
ZRDOS
HLP
Z-Nodes.
and
plus
are presently on our
six
ZRDOS.)
you're
using
Incidentally, jay is becoming, along with Al
only run
Hawley,
Z-Aode.
Los Aingeles
You Boston locals try jay's system at 617/965-7259;
213/670-9465.
(Many
signintg
become
Z-Nodes.
Sysops
folks try Al's at
more
up to
are
numbers
given
the
be
Their access
relationships firm.)
as

instUliW

file.

utilities

all

utilities

it's

file
ities

full

Digital

file

utility files

util-

will

While
(2210
March

Zílog

mcrves slowly to
with advanced 2800 B-bit chip, Hitachi America
O'Toole
408/942-1500)
volume
telephone
Avenue,
San jose, CA 95131,
announces
1985 shipments
of their new HD64180 (sampled last year as piece-part W62801).
We
are investi¡gating
instruction set and other features: 512k-byte RAM control,
UART,
CTC,
DMA
dual
and
controller, plus B-bit multiply and block memory move, on
chip. Additionally, a two-way clocked hi9h speed serial port (CSI/O) provided makes
(LAN)
for interesting Local Area Networking
comdirect 40Ok-baud
(We
mHz
Z
munications
8
should
be
clock
our
presently
finish
at
port to
rate.
complete
when you read this newsletter!)
Specifications point to not one, but two super B-bitters beii: ig available to run
Z-based software!
(Thowh
these newer chips
run 8080/280
instruction sets, and even
compatible
more, neither is physically pin-for-pin
with older chips—you can't simply
unpliug one and replace
with other. Printed circuit board redesign is necessary.)
Hitachi's HIJ64180 is 80186 of eight-bit world, as Z800 is the 80286 (chip used by
IBM AT).
Tony Moroyan (Stí"ategic
Marketing
Manager, Hitachi) said, "Many would prefer
and compatibility
better performance in
His
to present software."
co1lea¿;ue,
(Microprocessor
Sarv Thakur
Manager),
Group Marketing
indicated present

its

possibilities,

eight-bit,

it,

105

Z-News

B-bit

high
come."

"We
demand by stating,
expect
this market to remain for many years to
Remember, Echelon is here now with advanced Z 0perating System (ZCPR3
combined
ZRDOS3)
ready
microprocessor
support
with
high-techriology
architecture.
to
These new high-integration
chips
are superior in níany ways to their 16/32-bit
counterparts, and can be used without sacrificing incredibly large base of existing
8080/Z80
know-how!
The Z800,
because of high clock rate
software and programming
and
around
80286.
capability
superior design, should run
This not
chip
standard
sets a
witMtmdiw,
Hitachi's
high performance
cost
designs.
"Sieve"
Here are bench marks running
under MBasic
computer
BYTE Magazine
(HE64180 clock at 6.144 mHz and one wait state; other computers,
as delivered):

circles
Intel
for
effective,

Apple

lle

IFS-80/II

IBM PC
Unannounced Computer
Apple Macintosh

—
—
—
—
—

2806 seconds
2250
"
1950
"
1322
"
1214
"

(6502)
(Z80)
(8088)
(Ht64180)
(68010)

Over twice as fast as Apple
(32-bit?), and much
nearly as fast as Macintosh
PC
HF64180
than
IBM
The
(16-bit?)!
faster
production
units are said to run at 10 mHz
50%
speed
performance
by
than
increasing,above
more
clock
leaving
to 806 seconds,
Macintosh
road
dust!
guessing,
Sieve
IBM
AT
does
in
Just
likely
in 600 or so seconds.
We
2
understand
Hitachi is offering a companion, high thru-put graphics processor:
Now
mega-pixels
second,
both
and
monochrome.
than
that's more
per
for full-color
(NEC
S-lOO and single-Hard
manufacteat your heart out)!
computer
state-of-the-art
which
board
chips?
these
of you are
with a
using one of
great new
urers,
microprocessors continue to be designed into new systems, and
We
acceleratiñ9 amounts, with
predict such systems
notice from popular press.
be around as long as they serve well so many applications—they provide unusually
Mgh overall performance
because
Language,
instead
so easy to stay with Assembly
(Somethirg
languaiges.
having
of
is never received
to move to inefficient high-level
each day and reduce
for nothing...learn a
anxiety and frustration.)
a
Conn's
standard
Richard
Usiw
Syslíb3 for
subroutine functions makes program writing
and
both
and
fast,
efficient
in-doing
in-results.
ngw so clear that IBM's selection of pseudo 16-bit Intel 8088 for their PC
We
What a waste!
has distorted normal
development
of microcomputers.
progress
also
backlash
from
deception
and
lack of editorial leadership of popular
sense a small
Who
Leader or
press.
likes to feel duped! But who takes blame for poor leadership?
(and
them)
fee1irtgs.
do
know
What
Let
you
is infinitesimal,
but
your
us
followers?
important that you do

II,

first

Eight-bit

little

will

it's

little

It's

it's infinitely

it!

Z-TtK)lstm

Some
(21)
twenty-one
highlights of Z80 ZDM/ZDMZ debuggers:
are shippiug!
One
DOT's 12.
commands versus
of these commands (B) permit string searches (in both
Others enable monitor and complete
hex and ASCII) over a specific memory block range.
overhead.
Command line prompts
patcher
operations.
debiigger,
ease operator mental
ZDM
P
The effect is
arguments.
no
(print) command is toggle expecting
output
is turned off by a subsequent
to printer as well as to console.
to send
P command.
and
be displayed as part of X (examine
Whenever P toggle is on, a 'P'
T
togg1e
command
jump
also
(J)
(trace)
display.
state)
cpu
current
or
commands.
has
only affects subsequent T or U (untrace)
without arguments.
then T command displays only conditional and unconditional CALLS, JUMPS,
been executed
The Tn form of trace
JUMPS.
RETURNS, RESTARTS, PCHL
(IX or IY) and
Whenever
actual number of instructions to be traced.
usually used where n represents
QI and QO
be displayed
the J toggle is on, a 'J'
as part of the X or T display.
permit input and output of byte value to selected I/O port while DI and EI permit
interrupt disable and enable.
(DEL) key.
Works with
by pressing
the rubout
Any ZDM command may be cancelled

trailing

all

alter

will

relative

will

Page

Z-News

105

ZDM,
extended
tool for $50.00 plus S&H.
a super-value
Intel and Ziio9 mnemonics.
Assembly Language and
understanding
superb documentation
REVAS3:
is monument to
Enough
here
disassembly
for everyone to learn someof object code to source 1istiñ9.
Major
designers.
and program
features
enough for you advanced hackers
thiiríg
from,

both

disinclude interactively assisting you analyze your software for modification,
assembling files as large as 64k-bytes, assigning real labels to subroutines,
and generation
code,
listings.
of cross reference
inserting comments to disassembled
S&H!
A tool of great prize at $90.00 plus
mnemonic and pseudo(Xitan)
these four (4) Zilog/lntel/TDL
IToz-mDI-TToI-ITUT:
compared
conversions
so easy
to hand translating
op code translators make source code
day.
A tool-value similar to ones above:
with a text or program editor—night versus
S&H.
$51.00 plus normal
Cadil1actm,
(Z-News
IND, Dynamic Screen Debrigger selling for
next hi9h1ights our
of'our
$195.00 plus S&H.
system,
Also keystone
versatile and
software development
fast Zas, with Zlink, is featured.)
items

Echelon

Shipping dates for

Zas
D¢3D

with Zlink
—

presently shipping

not

—
February
(and Z-Com2)

(all

calendar

'85):

February

— 28 February
ZCFB3:
Xunal — March
Term3 — second-quarter
ZCER3: 7Ík2!
— second-quarter
ZRDOS2

ZRDOS3

Liblrari!

third-quarter
third or fourtlrquarter

—

Emsg

—
IFM (MaintMqn)

wish

Please stay (and
such speed!

learn) with

— not
us—we

scheduled

move as

yet
fast

as a

shoe-string permits;

eag1es

Amateur Computeríst Corner: The joy of learning is enhanced when using Z-System—
everywhere
you tum is another
surprise; another useful, but until the moment, uriknown
welcomed
feature! You go for months like this, thinking each new discovery is the
last; but surprise,
seems to never stop...beat
goes on!
telephone
be
Alternate
services seem to
giving lots of us trouble when atteínpting
BBS'S.
Z-Nodes
and
Apparently
the signal level is too low to permit
other
to access
work
Under conditions where you get an
carrier detection circuits to
correctly.
immediate
connection
by
indication of
followed
lost of remote carrier, try the contelephone
ventional, high-priced long-distance
service: AT&T! No entity (search the
Cosmos,
provides
telephone
quality
service like erstwhile Ma-Bel1.
if you will)

Divestiture company earned $1.4
last fiscal year
31 December
For a
versus projected $2.1, on sales of $33
$40
much
investment
should
be
assets,
company haviríg
on
better,
but
return
could
be worse.
Present
calendar
drawn between
year should
see battle lines
them and IBM.
(AT&T'S personal
computer
is said to be twice as fast as IBM's; that
4mHz
makes
Z80 systems.)
Lo!
what
the future hold?
as quick as our S-1OO
Behold!
the future is now!

AT&T

bad!
profits not too1984),

billion

(ending

billion

fully

See you down the

billion.

will

lines...
Echelon,

Inc.
First Street
Altos, CA 94022
101

ZCPR3

,¥

BBS

Los
Telephone:
& Z-Node:

415/948-3820
415/489-9005

Page

Z-News

105

Ht62801/64180,
ZHitachi; 80186/286,
Intel; Z-System,
Term3,
Z3-Dut-Com,
Z-Com,
Zas, Zlink, IN),
Discat, Syslib3, Éiñs9,
ZDM,
ITUZ, Revas3, DMM,
Lasting-Value
Software,
Echelon
and their respective owners
and authors;
Macintosh,
Apple Computer;
IBM PC, AT, IBM Corp.;
TRS-80, Tandy Corp.;
CP/M, our,
Research;
MBasic,
Microsoft; Cadillac, General Motors.

Trademarks:
ZCPR3,
Tools,

Z80/800,

Zilog;

ZRDOS,

&ita1

sets

o u

FREE!

.
~A

Z-News

105

reprint automatically

Echelon,
101
Los

"Áeserved.

Echelon, Inc. All Rights
if source credit is given to

1985
granted

is Copyright

Inc.

F/rst Street
Altos, CA 94022

k
Z"
'

,^ P

-- -.,/

"',

"
"

\:. \

1,,4

.
P

jud Newell
Toronto RCP/M Systems
4691 Dundas
Street W
lslingtion, Ontario CANADA

Pehnission to

Echelon.

:
'

"""""

"""" = ""

"" '"""
·" " '"
.- .
· · "" ""

;%i'

"""—"
-

I
i
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®Echelon¶Inc.
February

z-ms

powerful shell under Z, has features somewhat different, and
MENU.
Significant differences between these
at times more useful, than
Z
another
shell, VFILER, indicate blending all three as most useful:
VMENU,

Z TIPS:

Feature
1. Show directory of
along with menu
2. Optionally lock user into
menu system
3. Show macro commands to
be executed
4. Use macro comnands from sirrgle
keystrokes
shown on menu
speed mule
5. Programter
(no menu shown)
6. Operate on
currently

VMENU

files

perhaps
and

two

VFILER

yes

good

fair

file

pointed to
Either page-out

1985

106

or scroll

menus
User-generated
menu syntax
checker
for quick debWiw
g. General
disk system housekeeping

best

shells. Your directory system
task for a particular directory
(alias-script containing segments and
and
environment
to exit previous

An argument
for universal use can be made for these
could
contain each, in tum, deperidiríg upon dominant
environment.
Environment
is created by ST
commands)
beiirtg loaded
automatically by CD, used

arrive at

present.

(one requiring password
access to directories and protected
could
driver; other two,
use MENU
as main user-interface
VMENU
spreadword processing,
and VFILER, used to speed genera1"computer
activities:
accounting,
programming—you
sheet,
telecommunications,
database
management,
name
Secure systems
are ideal in office (and home child-occupied) areas where many people
have access to unattended
machines.
Conn has greatly extended our library
Some Z users have not realized that Richard
functions by addiW V1ib and Z3lib to complement Syslib3. Six-disk package, with
donation
code for each subroutine, sells for only $45.00:
source
our free-will
to
27
Assembly
Package
advancements.
Item
EI
Language
new price sheet
structured
on
is
effective 28 February.
Syslib3 (Item 26) alone,
only $29.00 on 4 disks!
A

ERA,

fully

REN,

secure

etc.

system

utilities)

it.

full

still

Z-TbK)lstÍn

Featured:
Zas, Z80 macro relocating assembler
with Zlirk, Zlib, Zcon, and
does
but
Center-piece
Zref,
nearly!
of our tool collection,
Well, not
Use
Zas forms basis for structured, maintainable Assembly
Language program generation.
Sys1ib3,
and
suband
Z31ib
hundreds
proven
Vlib
for
of linkable, efficient
as source
We
combined
popular
routines.
features to make Assembly Language program writ: ing
easier. A macro expanding assembler using
Zi1og, DRI, TDL, and Microsoft
mnemonics,
and pseudo-ops
command-line
syntax,
option either Digital
creating at
HEX
HEX
Research
are converted
to executable
or Microsoft REL object code.
REL
M1oad
Load;
modular
DRI
with
are linked with
library subor with
(Link-80).
and
loaded
Echelon
Standard
L80
routines
with
Zlink, DRI Link or Microsoft
DSD
symbol
and
and
ZSID
DRI SID
IRI sorted
table is optionally produced for use by EI
debuggers.
Zas works faster than conventional assemblers,
as does zlink.

it all.

all

Intel,

files

106

Z-News

Zas comes with a librarian,
Zlib, to build and manage linkable REL libraries, and
The latter converts
extended
Intel (TOL) memonics
to Zilog. Symbol and label
referenced,
table cross
with statistics,
to source line numbers is produced by Zref.
(Zas is
Additionally, many TOL pseudo-ops are also correctly converted,
translated.
10
$95.00, complete.)
Item
on our price sheet:
We
them with Zas!
convert
to Z80 and assemble
cannow
our 8080 coded programs
O'Conne11,
Bravo!
(Being not a
Patrick
our faith in vou has been
justified!
be required because of
perfect world, we're sure minor changes to sorne prograrús
So
be
syntax
inequalities.
DSD, Dynamic Screen Debugger,
provides
features previously not seen on microVersion
we
ship works with both extended
computers,
Intel (set produced using DRI
TOL)
DSD
Z80.LIB and MAC,
and Zilog mnemonics.
environmental
essentially
uses ZCPR3
Z
descriptor for automatic program installation, as other
are installed with
Z3INS and your SYS.ENV (or Z3.ENV
using Z3-Dot-Coíri)
DSD
Software
In-Circuit-Emulator provides many expensive hardware I.C.E features
doesn't
but
require attaching any wires. Single step and breakpoint in ROM, write
RAM,
set code execute only, protect the stack from overflowing, catch
protect
instructions and watch memory locations and cpu registers, The emulator can breakpoint on arbitrary conditions or identify when a LDIR instruction is going to write
Not even hardware
I.C.E. can provide
over protected locations before
writing occurs!
such capability.
symbol
Full support provided
as generated by Zas, Mac, Rmac, M80
(Macro-80),
1anguage translators—complete symbolic, full-screen
and other popular
DSD
and Z80 computers—soon
take
runs on 8080, 8085, NSC800
editor debugging!
advantai: e of Hitachi HD64180, and when-available
Zi1og 2800, super B-bit microZcon,

all

fully
will

it!)

utilities
file.

illegal

for

files

will

full

processors.
Other

features include: online help, save memory into a file, single step
And
subroutines, string searching,
only takes 16kport I/O, viewing files.
it
memory!
(You
C-Language programmers
eat-your-hearts-out.)
of
It's Item 25 on
our current price list.
each EI software line Item retains
By the way,
its number as price lists are
updated,
when orders
are received.
acting as excellent double-check
If we need numbers for more than 99 items, heaven forbid, we'll use over-1OO number categories.
DSD

over
bytes

Richard
FLASH!
Rick speaks on

Trenton,
NJ Faire, 20-217 April!
featured as speaker at upcomiw
ZCPR3
(Z), Unix and Adm
software development system environments:
Conn

Appearing: Sol Libes produces an every-other-month magazine
called Micro/Systems journal, first issue is dated March/April 1985! Dave Hardy has
Randy Reitz has written a
joined him but continues his column with Micro Cormcopim
ZCPR3
May/june
should
issue.
and
review
(Mail M/SJ
we
see it in sol's
features
of
NJ
$18.00
1192,
07092;
orders
Mountainside,
per year, six issues;
subscription
to Box
$32.00 for two years.)
Wonder where Chris
Terry, erstwhile writer, as are above, of
magazine,
defunct
Ziff-David Microsystems
will show up next.

Nev

Computer

Magazine

Echelon documentation
is intended to be placed in 3-ring, looseWe don't
exception).
(ZCPR3:
Manual
The
already supply such holders
is
leaf, binders
binders
would
and bulk. Good quality
because of shipping weight
are so dense, postage
On
the
hand,
exceed their down-at-your-local-stationery-store
many have
other
price.
along
asked us to produce a special binder with"Z" printed on
front
with programdeal that's
and tool name page dividers—we
may do this,
we can get a wholesale
attractive to you, our customers.
best
Standard
size, 8 1/2" by 11", loose-leaf folders are most efficient,
for
(5 1/2" by 8 1/2")
IBM-standard
from.
reading,
are simply too
studyirig, learrLing
folders make access
small (a backward way to do things); and holders of these
needed
hand
procedure.
Only
two-handed
from desk-top
is
with conventional,
one
a

EI Manuals:

Abou.t

its

little

Page

Z-News

large, without-being-in-a-box,
into line: each one following
much-used
troúÜL

106

But, Oh! how the herd has gotten
loose-leaf binders.
froíu a
the other, waitiñ9 for a turn to sip nourishment

three digits;
Numbering
Z-News
System
cii9it representing
consists of
Middle
Volume number and last, the Issue.
digit is inert and used only because
So
this
is sent "squeezed" to various message systems in middle-digit-always-Q form.
O;
(We
Z-News 106 (1Q6) is Volume 1, Issue Number 6.
zero is a
started with Volume
isn't it?) Each Volume consists of nine (9) Issues, decimal
useful number sometimes,
repeated,
modulo before
except
no necesthere's never an Issue O. We
cycle is
we've
When
published
months
since
key
issues
fortnightly.
sity to
to earthly
(we
numbering
90 issues,
change
the
published
system
hexidecimal--no,
may
go
we'll
to
answer.
you now have our considered
just kidcjing). Some of you asked about numbering;

first

trailing

file

felt

it's

words." Icons special are
ancient once said, "A picture is worth a thousand
symbols,
Icons
vogue.
permit humans and compresently in
pictures, two-dimensional
hierog1ypÍís
and then cuneiform
used
long
communicate.
L,ong,
time ago, we
to
puters to
communicate
homo
sapiens.
Then
ourselves,
after
struggle, an alphabet
among
we early
50,
developed.
Now we go back to pictures, icons.
How many glyphs
can we remember;
lOó, 5,000!
Echelon
predicts Enüish words and phrases will be found best interface
We
between
humans and machines.
symbols
recognize
as powerful, but we still must
learn what each symbol stands for! Icons presently are produced using common, everyday symbols
easily associated
with common computer functions. But day draws near when
symbols have to be created—a
the number of functions gets so large, new non-everyday
whole new language
1earrling
would then be necessary—which
is something we don't think
phrases
generate
up
appropriate!
us
that
permit
quick learning, assoto
to
It's
desired.
ciation with that known, to what is momentarily
Computing
machines
using icons,
Star, Lisa, Macintosh (name of a rain coat, not a
variety of apple, providing insight to mentality of founders of a certain company) are
so easy to learn—pray
tell, but what have you learned? Such machines are fadiirig even
Touch screens, dead (sorry HP); mouse pointers (and track
now.
balls, joy sticks
digitizing pads), have a place if heavy graphics
high-resolution light
are necessary;
No
could be next big fade.
pens (painter's brush)
universal solution to user/machine
communications
is possible; each of us have our needs of the moment. Remember, we
can't even reliably talk to opposite gender (sex), how our computing machines!
Four-year
wish only command-line
completion
programmers
features; one-week inIBM PC'S; ten year,
two months,
terested users, Macintosh's;
protect your you-knowwhat big-company
IBM PC, XT and AT'S. As we see more, as we learn more, our
managers,
needs move from plateau to plateau.
There's no free lunch!"
It's only throíigh work
mindless,
(intentional doing, conscious thought—not
repetitive action) that our béiñ9
is altered to see, to know more of what's goirig on. Get kmw1ecÍge, get a friend or
we call them here on the west coast), get money (and power over
two (compadres,
but
whatever
get wisdom!
others);
is done, get understanding,
Universe
about
Appreciate, accept, our
is
are
releasing energy from matter—you
about
matter beirtg created from energy, you silly
its center (did you think it was
savage).
Ask questions--answers
Let no one push you aside!
are not too important,
asking
questions
From
become a sphere
is!
your questioning develop
your own answers;
of power—a sphere of action, not reaction!

See you

down

the

lines...
Echelon,

Inc.
First Street
Altos, CA 94022
101

ZCPR3

BBS

Los
Telephone:
& Z-Node:

415/948-3820
415/489-9005

Page

Z-News

106

ZCPR3,
Z30/800,
Trade-marks:
Z-Tools,
ZRIX)S,
Zilog; HD62801/64180, Hitachi; Z-System,
Z-Com, ZJ-Dot-Com,
Discat, Syslib3, Enisg, Termj, Zas, Zlink, DSD, ZDM, ITOZ, Revas3,
Lasting-Value Sof tware, Echelon and their respective owners and authors; Star, Xerox;
Machines;
Apple Computer;
IBM PC, XT, AT, International Business
our,
Lisa, Macintosh,
Sid, Zsid,
Macro-80,
Rmac, Link, CP/M, Digital Research;
Link-80, Microsof t.

sets

y o u

FREE!

--=

~
~

Z-News

print,

Echelon,

"
--...

106

is copyright 1985 Echelan,
Inc.
wholly or partially, automatically
Inc.

4
All Ri9hts
granted

Resemed.

"·

Permission

to re-

credit is given to

source

t: ft,

Echelon,
101

q0KNC'S,\

Inc.

First Street

'°" ^"°"' '^

"°"

' -PM

t' 'jjj'¿d

jud Newell
Toronto RCP.·'M Systems
4691 Dundas
Street W
Isling'tion,
Ontario CANADA

/\
^
)

¿I

'ii g
'

igj"¢y'%: 'j7'í

>
'"

5--

j: ,"

"
k.
"
!!C f-d==:
I
'

Echelon, Inc.

March

1985

107

presently on Z-Nodes, exhibits unusually high creativity by its
by
The Alias and Zex files described
(Ivyland, Pennsylvania).
author,
Z
DOC
designed
done
System
be
using
what
into
this
can
vast power
file indicates
(neither CP/M nor MS-DOS have such power.) A little thought goes a long way
Idea here is to change to-be-run
concentrated
useful.
to come up with something
loaded.
where
and
been
Various
temporary
program
versions are created,
after it's
RCP
(Resident
Command PackWordStar
by
M9., of
an
with different default settings,
age) pokil%
addresses
and
using
Zex
different Alias files
a
specific
file. Here's how
Bruce described
his inspiration:
"If your ZCFR3 system supports the GO command and you have an RCP with the FOKE
The
command,
run-time modifications to a program.
you can easily make extensive
session
below
the
The
example
technique.
terminal
of
entire process
is a very simple
addresses
the WordStar
for
is an alias script, ZEX is used to load and exit WordStar,
now-modified
margin
and
poked
and
the
mode
the
values
right
desired
are
to
initial
WordStar
is run with an optional command tail. The regular RCP (without FUKE) is
loaded
Much more extensive
changes could be made this way, including some,
on exit.
like page lergth or different control strings for different printers, which cannot be
done from the console
You can use WINSTALL to make a modified
once inside NordStar.
DIFF
copy of WordStar,
use
or equivalent to find the poke locations and off you go—
2k-bytes
the
2kfor
alias (lk-bytes if you have CMDRUN and put it in COMMANDLBR),
bytes for WS35.ZEX--a
savings of 14k-bytes over separate versions of WordStar.
Additional aliases 'cost' only 1 to 2k-bytes
extra per WordStar version because only
ZCER3
don't
ZEX
needed.
have
one
I/O redirection, you can manipulate
file is
If you
the IOBYTE with a poke, not to mention
the ZCPR3
external Path and Wheel Byte, much
(PATH
than
WHEEL)—c1umsy
technique
faster
with utilities
for console input, but
or
be
from a menu shell in
done
fine for alias-controlled routines. Similar stuff can
BOOS
WordStar
patched,
lieu of an alias. All this assumes that
is
modified, so
or
that WordStar can find its overlays properly if you want freedom to wander around user
Z TIPS:

FOKE&GO1.DOC,

Bruce

Morgen

Have

areas.

fun—Bruce

A0: SYSTM>ALIAS
ALIAS,

Version

Morgen."

WD
1.1

Alias Name: WSD
Old Alias Comand Line:
1
—" AO:
2

LDR

; SYS3.RCP;

XX)
XÁ)AD

—>
3
—> ZEX WS35;
4 —> POKE 036B 22;
5
—> POKE 0378 DO;
6 —> $D$U:
7
—" GO $1;
8 —> AO:
9 —> LDR SYS.RCP;
10
—> $D$U:

DIRECKRY

THAT

;

(RETURN

SYSTEM
RCP

HAS
IIHE
KKE comAND
XAAD WRDSTAR & RUT (SEE WS35.ZEX, BELOW)
:SET RIGHT MARGIN
m 35 (ACTUALLY 34 DECIMAL)
:
INITIAL
KIDE m DOCUMENT
NON-DOCUNNT
:RESfIDRE
ORIGINAL DIRECTORY
:RUN
LOADED
WORDSTAR
WITH
OPTIONAL
FILENAME
X3ACK
TO SYSTR4
DIRECKRY ON UIT
RCP
Load REGULAR
:EXIT
m ORIGINAL DIRECTORY

;

Input Alias

to Abort)

—>
WSD
ZEX

alias

file

listing cancelled

used by

WSD

shown

by entering a carriage (cursor)
by using the Type command:

returm

The contents

Z-News

107

A0: SYSTEM>TYPE

W35.ZEX

)RUN

WORDSTAR

ÍMAKE

^/É

X'OOTPRINTS

)EXIT

SURE

ZEX

LEAVES

(FOR

ALIAS

NO
SAKE)

NEATNESS'
STEP

//4

WordStar
on Z-Nodes,
Either WSFIXASM or WSPAT-DM.ASM,
permit patching
for use in
directories other than in User area where WS.COM and overlay files are.
Another
idea:
set-up
alias with Ioop-ZEX (GOTO) using REG command to "print a
declaration."
text file the number of times from-command-line
Sunnyvale,
Chuck McManis,
California, has contributed a neat improvement
to
and he added extensive built-in help.
Chuck
IF.COM perinitting wildcard file matches,
also has some interesting nested alias examples to wet your appetite for setting up
and maintaining a ZCPR3
Source Code Library of squeezed files.
Alias GET and PUT uses
Get IF12.DOC and IF12.MAC
alias EXTRACT and INSERT, respectively.
for further
details.
Scarborough,
Finally, good neighbor-helper John Dunsmuir,
Ontario, has located
and fixed a known bug in VFILER32,
in the View command.
It's fixed as Version 3.3.
john is presently completing
addition of wild-card file taggirig and unsqueezing
to
Look for
you read
program,
as
to be Version 3.4. To most, these are welcomed.
it
this newsletter. (Others, namely jay Sage, Z-Node Sysop, and Bob Demron, have great1y
enhanced
VFILER in parallel with john's effort; our task of combining all these
We
improvements
into one Version 3.5 is cha11erigiríg.
may choose to have two different
paths;
more about VFILER in a fortnight.)
versions, each following independent
added to EI product
1ine—METAL!
FLASH:
Famous message handling
program
Written by
Tim Gary (Los Altos, California) Metal
provides
lots of capability with convenience,
Open and private message storage;
over 20 commands.
easy and quick access
to new
plus
messages not previously read; catalog of users by name, city and ID number;
up/down1oad
by date and user.
Metal
presently mátes with public
statistics of
BYE,
Term3.
domain
telephone
and soon with yet-to-be-shipped (vaporware)
answerer,
More details of METAL
is found on page 2 of Newsletter 009, dated 12 November 1984.

full

file

oMine (or soon to be) include some big storage
locations; but most importantly, these Sysops want to serve

disks

Z-Nodes

2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
g.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
1.3.

Page

and

high population

users:

CA
415/489-9005
Fremont,
Dave McCord
CA
213/670-9465
Los Angeles,
Al Hawley
MA
(Boston),
617/965-7259
Newton
Centre
jay Sage
409/845-8931
College
TX
Don Buzzingham
Station,
Ronnie Stone
Lisle (Chiccí9o),
IL
Palo Alto, CA
Andrew Hart
WA
206/357-7400
Tim Linehan
o1yrupia,
AK
Thomas
Anchorage,
305/677-8086
Winter
Park (Orlando),
FL
Larry Snyder
CA
714/855-0672
Rea Williams
Carson,
609/428-8864
Mike Ward
Voorhees,
NJ
WA
206/325-1325
Norm Gregory
Seattle,
MD
301/661-2175
Walt jung
Baltimore,
OH
614/864-2673
Reyno1dsbuv"g (Co1tunbus),
Rich Rodeheaver
312/649-1730
jacobson
Chicago,
Richard
IL
416/232-0442,
232-0269
Toronto,
Ontario
jud Newell
FL
305,'831-6049
Altamonte
Sprinngs,
Robert Tate
415/489-0388
john Rovner
Union City, CA

Hill -

Z-News

107

from
much excitement
holds
we find our node collection gratifying--future
We
need total of 40 Sysops
nets and nodes for us, for our continent, and our Earth.
worldwide
for an effective network, have a ways to go.
Dave McCord has been selected as Z-Node coordinator, withA1 Hawley as backup and
These
Los Angeles connection to Bob Finch, our ham radio packet network expert.
and
about
communications
about
questions
prepared
message
gentlemen
are
to answer your
systems.
ZCPR3
Core and
Z-Nodes contain
message recording subsystems,
(XMODEM)
using
protocol; plus latest Z-System
Christensen
available for transfer
and
Echelon
brg
prices, and order
promotional material,
program
fixes
selected
forms.
Some Sysops have elected to be downloaders
of our proprietary software. For
ZRDOS,
Z-Tools,
Z-Com,
Z3-Dot-Com,
buy
those
Echelon
programs
(Discat,
wisMrig to
(Down1oading
procedural
by
downloading,
Z-Node
details.
etc.)
for
contact closest
from nodes solves
our massive disk format problem.)

Certainly

Utilities files

full

list

More
"iAPX

Benchmarks:
88 versus

similar operation

Comparing
16-bit multiply and 32-bit result from Intel
Benchmark
Z80
Ziio9
Report--August 1980" with Hitachi
m®ern,
Results:
indicates
superior B-bit des@i.

8088 (5 itrHz
Z80B (6 niHz
HD64180 (6.114

O
1

wait states)
wait state)
1
mHz
- wait state)

document
HD64180

= 40.8 microseconds
"
= 302.0
37.11
"
=

used
hardware
lacks
For tests, HD64180
is slow because
on-chip multiply.
software routine to provide 16-bit multiply, but employed its internal B-bit multiply
instruction to get such quick results. The different clock rates and wait states of
8088 and HD64180 muddy final conclusions
but here we see 8about absolute
quickness,
own!
Bench
performed
by
Tom
certainly
MMim
was
Cantrell of Microtesting
bit
its
future, Fremont, California.
Z80

to
their

Colorado)
CP/M SIG Inc. (Broomfield-Denver,
for
corÁucting
workshops,
promoting
and
generally
of
are doiñ9
one Z of a job acting as catalyst to

IkmMh ard KeíthH~er of

considerable
Echelon
and ZCPR3.
those wantiw to

article

writing,

These

educators

learm

Solutims
solutions to

From our begirlning
we have tried to indicate, to point to
We could
Z
have just listed features of ZCFR3
and ZRDOS,
your problems.
System;
stream of examples to show solutions to your
no, we have produced
a continuous
problems.
from you:
thañks!
Some we have received
What other solutions have you
us!
come up with—don't be bashful or delay,
Many have asked why we buck trends, go not with IBM and K-DOS and Unix,
the
popular microcomputer
fashion. Well, we are not of mass movements, but about fragremnants!
Nonetheless
merits,
we use only whole cloth, usually in dreadfully short
supply;
most don't understand
or appreciate what we do, but how they get upset.

tell

welcome

Crusader,
label placed
expressions).
know,
You
flattering
we don't
turbulence
and
mental
eddies.
intellectual
human emotional
us!
exploration. join
See you down the

activist

have used less
on us by some few (others
but create
go with flows, with crowds;
We
maneuver
at near-virgin fringes of

lines...
Echelon,

Inc.
First Street
Altos, CA 94022
101

ZCPR3

BBS

Los
Telephone:
Z-Node Central:

415/948-3820
415/489-9005

Page

Z-News

107

ZCPR3,
ZSO/800, Zilog; Iü64180,
Trademarks:
Hitachi; 8088, Intel; Z-System, Z-Tools,
ZDM,
DSD,
ITOZ, Revas3,
Z-Com, Z3-Dot-Com,
Discat, Sysiib3, Term3, Zas, Zlink,
Software,
Metal,
Lasting-Valme
Echelon
and authors; PCand their respective owners
DOS,
Unix,
IBM Corp.; CP/M, Digita1 Research;
WordStar,
MicroPro
AT&T.
ZRDOS,

Int'l;

1985
is Copyright
wholly or partially,

107

Z-News

print,

Echelon,

Inc

sets

Echelon,

All

Inc,

automatically

101
Los

Inc.

First
Altos,

·
"

Street
CA

Ri9hts

granted

CP""

Echelon,

FREE!

y o u

u:
"

í98·q
9AÁ

94022

"°"7

j)
4

Jud

Newell
Toronto RCP/M Systems
4691 Dundas
Street W
Islingtion, Ontario CANADA

"
,.,'.'

-—

."'
"' -" ,"

, ..

to re-

credit is given to

=-~=

Permission

source

Reserved.

- -"

«W

.
S:' J

:i'¿

if,
"'
s'4'q,j
"'
ysiñ.' ',- f. :.
"
.
"
' .
·
d
',:
"' '""" "
.
3"'F^¿@: ¿ií£','&

=o Eche1on,lnc.

25 March

1985

108

Robert
Z TIPS:
Doolittle, author of ZDM/ZDMZ and ITOZ and is Z-Team Member (Pacific
Always,
Palisades,
we
California), shows way to reduce BIOS size by over 100 bytes.
environment
suggested
descriptor storage be included in your BIOS implementatiom
Bob has ri9htly pointed out
No, only a pointer to the descriptor need be implemented!
of buffer space can be changed to indicate two
that Newsletter 003, page 3,
address
data He reduced ex: istirig 14
pointers, and not include 128-byte environment
7 and
completely removed subroutine DEFHV code:
lines to only

full

listiñ9

IF
IF
LXI
LXI
MVI
CALL
MVI

Z3ENV

CALL

ZEROM

USE
H,Z3ENV
LXI
8,128+32
MVI
ZEROM
CALL
ENDIF
ENDIF

:
:
:
:
:

from:

:
:
:
:
:

Z3 command line buffer
command executed

The
by STAR7UP

first

initial

alias—followed

INITENV
D,DEFENV
H,Z3ENV
B,128

IF
LXI
MVI
CALL
LXI

:
:

É©VLDP

8,32

to:

:
:
:

SHLD

Z3ENV

H,Z3ENV
8,128+32
ZERCN

H,Z3CL
Z3ENV+24

ENDIF

pointer is stored 24 bytes hi9her than Z3ENV
after cold boot should be LDR SYS.ENV—either
by others necessary
to set up computer system

base address.
manually
or

for desired

environment.

upgraded
VFILER
into version
Update: Jay Sage and Al Dunsmuir independently
3.3; yes, two of them!
Pandora's
Box was nearly opened—thañkfully
not, thou9h we are
more than one
certain Pandora had a nice box, among other things--by
programmer
Al has volunteered
to work on a program in parallel.
to incorporate Jay's
changes
Oh!
into version 3.5.
of Al's version
we forget
to
fantastic—presently on Z-Node Central. Features added from 3.2, last version with
released
individually
source,
include wild card tag,/untag commands; unsqueeze
sending
without
to
or by group command; viewing and printiñ9 squeezed
unsqueezing;
view command last screenbug
fixed; and many suave program improvements.
when
jay's 3.3 extends screen high1ightiñ9,
changing
permits file-mask
and
when
loads.
Last item
most importantly, is nearly twice as quick
directories,
accomplished by technique of loading a shell,
only once.
nothirig else, Al must include this feature in 3.5.

Vfiler

allowiw

3.4--it's

tell

files,
files,

file

whichVfiler is,

must be "checked
Policy:
Files for erihancement or bw
out" before changes
We
be
considered
and
can
for acceptance
distribution.
allow only one person to
be working
on a program at any one time. The effort required to merge two versions of
same program
is significant,
as Al
find out in combining two 3.3's and 3.4 into
We
3.5.
do
the
work
ourselves:
too extensive
can't
for our limited resources!
A procedure
beintg
prepared
and
should
be up on Z-Node Central as you read
is
this. Simply stated: you check out
you wish to work- on; while you have
no
update
109
be kept to show which
A
one else is permitted to
are out
and ones available
updating.
consists of about seventy (70) source and
(20)
help
Obtain
procedure
support
twe.ity
'theckiW out and returning
from Z-Nodes.
check
from
Z-Node
out must occur
File
Central!

New

fiMm

will

for

it.

files.

file

List

will

files

file"

it,

Z-News

108

pKeytm

enhancer
and is shipped
You edit source
super keyboard
with source code!
and
speed
and
number
keys
assemble
maximum
and
terminal
lengths,
your cpu
of
their
Here's a
using Zas or Mac, load with Mload,
then rename object
lOP.
to filetype
good segment from which to learn lOP coding
techniques.
Twelve keys of 24-characters
ZCPR3
each are possible, cleanly
standard
lOP 1.5k-byte
memory space.
be
created
and
saved
Many such segments
may
names and auto
with different
loaded as appropriate within directory being worked;
Rick
would
Com
as
say,
12
CD
(ChaWe Directory) and ST (Start) does the trick."
(See Newsletter 009,
dated
1984.)
November
Programable
Key allows creating and saving
segments
as many sets of loadable
as
word
One
spreadsheet,
desired.
communications,
processor, another
database
PKey displays each key and
management,
programming, you name
and
conversion
change,
prompts
for easy string
without ever affecting program
string,
in TPA—an exceptional value.
AlthouÜi designed to work with ZRDOS and Z-Coin, PKey
(along with I/OR and BPrinter) works perfectly with ZRIX)S2
and Z-Com2.

for

file

fitting

file

for

it.

Z—Nodes swing!
From
over Uobe come interest in our nodes.
We
make
gophers make
possible,
delZhtful.
wait day when
accomplished
Nodes
France
grow
is
without direct cost.
communicate;
add these to

all

until

list:

19.
21.
22.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.

'Little

its

Gaffers, gripes, and
seridirg a message to
Earth's

AZ
20. Dick Driscoll
Phoenix,
Fred Townsend
San jose, CA
CA
146.745 nHz
Glendale,
Robert Finch
ham radio packet
23. Charles
Themas R. Bowerman
Anniston,
Boghosian
Ikirham,
AL
Barry L. Bowerrnan
Weaver, AL
408/253-1309
Douglas Thom
San Jose, CA
(oMine 4/12/85)
011+33"(90)-77-61-36
Robert Kühmann
St. Martin de la Brasque, France
813/831-7276
Hoffman
Charles
Tampa, FL

Stanley

London

Aurora,

fully

people

Z System
Z80 macro
assembler being used to support
programming
HEX
REL
Zas
creates
usage in
activities.
permitting
Intel
or Microsoft
(Zcon) converts
provided
place
Supporting
program
of Asm, Mac, Rmac, and Macro-80.
Intel 8080 mnemonics to Zas Ziio9 format. Another (Zlib) permits creation of binary
REL
subroutine libraries; addiírig, deletiw and replacing modules, and printing module
from a library are features.
names and public symbols
Others
(Zlink and Zref) permit COM
generation from REL modules and symbolnumbered
code
reference
lines. Either Zas or Zlink optionally
source
label cross
to
SYM
produces
DRI compatible
for use with DSD, Sid, or Zsid.
By the way, DSD (with 55 commands!) ships
in two versions along with in-context
(individual-command)
and
These versions run automatically with Z (ZCPR3
online help.
ZRDOS)
One handles extended
using Z3INS.COM.
to
TDL/Xitan) mnemonics;
the other, Zi1og. Both run with either 8080 or Z80 microUnder CP/M-80,
both require patch-file
for your terminal and use
processors.
Source provided
permits
of debugger ZDM (or DDT) to overlay main DGD object
into hex
overlaying both
editing for your terminal code and after assemWiW
Intel and Zilog versions of DSD.COM.

ZAS

all
files

ís the

its

file

files

Intel (similar

after installing

editiw
file.

file,

We seek wisdom,
not money (really?), so we
Prices reduced for three Echelon products.
DtSD
and both versions of Z-Com2,
have reduced prices for these EI software packages:
We
07, 08, and 25 (see attached
Items
List Prices, dated 15 March 1985).
wish we
(Notice
could cut more prices but expenses must be covered.
addition to list of offmessage program for Z System—bulletin board,
shelf Z-Msg—Metal
file and mail system!
and Z-Coin2 are supplied with I/O Package buffer space
Also,
Z-Com
versions
of
all
"
allocated, so PKey and other segments are ready to load.)

Page

Z-News

108

to COM file
Amateur Z-User Corner: ZDM (or DSD and DDr) makes neat emergency
used
Load your HEX
address displayed under PC NEXT
(note last
converter.
file
Then
message) using
and R.
l
exit and save number of hex pages
256 bytes)
(each
Number of pages
(x?dl) to .
two records,
to save is
NEXT
PC
address.
For example,
from
the two ri9ht4iand dZits
determined
by dropping
address
is 124F, round off right two digits and use SAVE 12H as your
if
round down one and
address
command line.
But
is 1200 (on whole page boundary),
if
11H
pages.
save only
Z-Node Central has a number of popular
pre-configured ZCPR3 installation files:
and
Heath,
iBex,
Apple,
Epson, Xerox,
ready to install for Kaypro,
Osborne,
Morrow,
have
Z-Nodes
node.
Jade.
Look for them in ARCHIVE directory of
Shortly, all
will
Z3
study
having
these files.
on one of these machines,
installing
trouble
you
are
If
ideas.
files to obtain get-<)ver-stumb1ing-b1ock

Ziff-

and Electronícs
magazine publication termination announced by owner
Computers
Now we
(they
Davis
Circulation is 600,000!
cancelled Microsystems last October).
Do
black?
Ceasirig
than
should
placed?
ask:
what
be
Z-D
on
colors exist darker
publication of one magazine in favor (to prop up sales) of another (m-named magazine
should produce a few subscriber reactions,
owned by Z-D, actually Creative Computíñ9)
regard
for any Z-D publication. We move away from such
cancelations without further
business
makers
have no feeiiñ9 for what they are aMut—leadiY
logic--such decision
and
these
owners have every right to do as they think best; we
actions. Managers
to
The planet and
a1together.
have a ri9ht to contemplate
Z-D going
out of business
need
cosmos,
in our opinion,
neither their outlook nor expertise.

list

MícYomWrter txxmt continues! Substantial 1985 gains (20% over 1984) predicted in all
best likely is portables (their sales could double over '84, especially
areas,
if flat
Sales
panel
Next is home and then office desktops.
displays get easy to read).
to
'hobbyist
and tinker, beiW neither of majorities nor mainstreams,
are down in noise.
And
Echelon caters to those
many vital niches
exist for small companies;
still,
(home,
where
shop,
wishing to learn no matter
or laboratory) they use
office,
We
work on LAN (local area networks
computers.
permitting computers to talk to one
another)
and what can be done with
AI (ai: tificial
intell.úénc·¢) usefulness
concepts,
generation)
and
computer/one
and GSS
databases,
more powerful (5th
user,
software
one
(e>cpariding
one's
but
awareness)
above
else.
You
graphics,
hobbyists
learning
is
all
and tinkers, you remanence,
come join and learn as ve learn!
Why

and
what we do! Sometimes we think with words that are unwritedownable
performance
know
But
support
notsotalkaboutable.
hi9h
we
clarity notwithstanding, you
Z80 instruction
microcomputers.
Eight-bit systems are (to us) symbols
set compatible
of neatness (simplicity) and efficiency (only if assembly language is used) and mental
(must be creative to be competitive with 16/32-bit micros).
challenge
Remember, each
and
(a
number
8
byte)
alphabet
represented
each
machine.
by
our
in
is
bits
in
letterWe
You are our light,
provide screen upon which light shines.
you fire us up to
jet speeds, passing eagle and humming bird. Those who jump on bandwagons thinking
not continuirg
there is no viable alternative: not figuriríg things out for themselves,
to learn, not becoming willful, not alive, are our li9ht too.
Capacity
Joy
for enjoyment increases
as we learn—that's why we do what we do.
comes from simplest of accomplishments:
a buffer loads,
screen fills with text, data
viewed,
Our bird—though
caged—sings!
See you down
a beginner
overcomes
a hurdle.
the lines...
Echelon,
Inc.
101
First Street
94022
Los Altos, CA
we

Telephone:
Z-Node Central:

415/948-3820
415/489-9005

Page

108

Z-News
,Ft

Z80/800,

Trademarks:

HD64180,

Zilog;

Hitachi; Z-System, Z-Tools, ZCFR3, ZRDOS, Z-Com,
Lasting-Value Software, Echelon and their respective
Microsoft; CP/M, Mac, Rmac, Sid, Zsid, Digital Research;

Zlink,

Zas,

DSD, ZDM, ITOZ,
and authors;
Macro-80
Ni9htow1
Software.

owners
Mload,

sets

FREE!

y o u

. T

«
.'l :'
..
'.'S'
',..^%í

108

Z-News

reprint,

or""

Echelon.

. .
'u'*:a%'...

,.
4 ..

"
- '4«~*. -':s
.b

'
"""

.,: -

"jU ..

P. .
' m
: "

101
Los

Ftrst
Altos,
.--%-

a"-

"
-

94022

' : ·'

·n

-·.-

,mY

.'"7

· C.
'"

'" "" ' '
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.
!
"""".". "
. -" ""
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"

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py ¶ü
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M985
'

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K·
·: =

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Inc ,
Street

Echelon,

"' " '

2~
Echelon,- in ·"Al1 Right¶s- Eeserved. pesrjÁü,NíoY
t9 partiaL1y, autom?tica"ily üáníeá' if soyrce credit 4tU@: 1o,..:"±Z"

1985

is Copyright

wholly

ñ-'""Át¿,...
",

:j "
^
·

-94

·'

"
:

.
"--, s: .-

tfi, "'e,

jud Newell
Toronto RCP/M Systems
4691 Dundas
Street W
Islingtion, Ontario CANADA

;j
·m

"' "'

·¶.

)=~Y:==--.,,,.

..
'""
'

;'q'"'"""'

~4'

. "

·
· '·rí—-·

' "
'

'.4

,,,

"
.

Folk Ml

'"":

= Eche1on,lnc.

April

1985

109

TIPS: Bruce Morgen (Jvyland, PA) makes Poke.&Go operate faster, improves his
original idea of altering an application program loaded in memory and then running
Here 'tis:
application.
Z

version for ZCPR3 systerrs that suppcrt the GET ccnmiand. GET is
economical
so if you have a
in terms of code length within ZCPR3,
makes
ZASÍ
implement
assembler
[like
I strongly reccmmend you
it
using
the
much faster and eliminates need for ZEX,
following
script {comnents right of vertical bar, : are not part of alias]:

Improved

FUKE&GO2

- pretty

3/10/85

macro
POKE&GO

ALIAS

A0: SYSTEM>ALIÉS mD
Version
1.1
WSD
Alias Name:
Old Alias Comand

ALIAS,

Line:

—>

AO:

-->

LDR

100
036B 22;
-->
—> POKE 0378 DO;
--> $D$U:
—' GO $1;

4
5
6
7
8
9
10

—>

GET

AC):

3
4
5
6
7

:SET
:

SYSTM
RCP

;

X3ACK

LOAD
EXIT

DIREC7URY
HAS

THAT

WDRDSTAR

RIGHT
X)DE
INITIAL
ORIGINAL
LOADED
TÍ)

THE

WITH

MARGIN

mmw

MjÑ

—>
—> LDR SYS.RCP;
—> $D$U:

C(»MAND

(PROGRAM

DOES

NOT

RUN)

(ACTUALLY 34 DECIMAL)

DOCUMENT

FROM

NON-DOCUMENT

Archive

Copy

file

utility!

Z—Node Network nears completion
Asia.
These apparently won't come
25.
34.
35.

utilities,

full

utilities

six

several
in United States—need
us,
so we will
automatically to

408/253-1309
(nímber
Douglas Thom
San jose, CA 95129
CA
93291
Rod L. Blackman
Visalia,
CA
408/245-1420
94086
Sunnyvale,
Norman Beeler

nodes
search

Europe and
them out!

correction!)

underobtain more knowledge,
Amateur Z User's Comer: Where to go to efficiently
We
know
and
usage—try
computer
our
library!
your public
standing of
operations
books
and
magazines
don't
but
needs,
we
there's
lots of
completely cover your
writings
recommend reading
and studying that will:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Soul of CP/M:
Using and Modifying CP/M'S Internal Features,
Mitchell Waite
CP/M Handbook, Andy johnson-Laird, Osborne/HGraw-Hill
The Programner's
Inside CP/M, Dave Cortesi of Dr. Dobb's journal
User's Guide, P.O, Box 5245, Redwood City, CA 94063, 415/364-0108
MT
The Computer journal, P.O. Box 1697, Kalispell,
59903, 406/257-9119
P.O.
97709, 503/382-5060
Micro
Cornucopia,
Box 223, Bend, OR,
NJ
Micro/Systems
07092, 201/522-9347
Journal, P.O. Box 1192, Mountainside,

seven
issues of User's Guide are great
learning CP/M, WordStar,
T/Maker
SuperCalc,
Modem7, dBASE
and other popular
B-bit programs.
issues
are sold for $6.00 each.
Exorbitant, you say; yes, but worth
take approximately two (2) years of study
and computer
operation to feel
what's
know
happening.
1000
hours
you
After
of activity you are above average in
the new and to do, way ahead of majority in these days of
capability to understand
what's
9oiñg
Wonder what a "power
computer
useí'
literacy—you know-you-know
on.
feels? Study no more than two (2) hours per day. Facts need to settle into your
bones, soul before
more is laid on, a basic homo sapient learning characteristic.

First

Mai1Merge,
These back

II,

III

for

it!

It'll

Dígítal

(Pacific

continues
truth of harsh words
to demonstrate
4,
paragraph)
007,
next to last
Newsletter
page
to describe
(Yuppies
MBA's
business,
do not
and
of customers,
of
of
Unix
languages
Their
activity is dissolved, as is their
division;
neither 8 nor 16-bit CP/M activity remains.
All eggs are in GEM (Graphics Environment
We
Manager)
basket...but
Apple Computers
sue?
them to see really hard
expect
(ORÍ
times
less than six months
founder Gary Ki1da1l deserves better; Gordon
Eubanks,
author of EBasic and CBasic, would agree), unless a miracle! May their new
Concurrent
DOS-286 take off.
See you down the lines...
Echelon,
Inc.
Research
(see 15 October
their understanding
make a business.)

used

Grove,

CA)

1984

life.

will

101

First Street

94022
Los Altos, CA
415/948-3820
Telephone:
Z-Node Central: 415/489-9005

Page

202

Z-News

Trademarks:

HD64180,

Hitachi;

Z-Tools,
2-System,
zcm,
Lasting-Value
Software,
Echelon
and
CP/M, GEM,
Researck
Digital

202

Z-News

reprint,
Echelon.

is Copyright

1985

wholly or partially,

101
Los

Zas,

their respective

sets

Echelon, Inc.
automatically
:

21ink,
owners

Model

Wyse;

IJSD,

Right"s
Reserved.
Permission
iZ --murce credit is given
granted

All

"' ""'""""

/4"iT¿','

r==~—

G,;'2
"c)

r Í\Á
?.Ef:y E.

94022

Newe'!l
RCF' j\] S\'si€"'tns
"I'(ír()}]t()
k
46!1!
l'}Li[)(!: )s S1,rc"t't \'\'
(")]í1: -)|'i()
(",\,k¿
ls!il"lq'ti(')!l,
-\1)\

to
to

-="'"'
7ru7' '
"W..==,W.y
" ' "" "'"""~^,W
"
'~~,,
"" L
- ,.~ µ,M-E'
-.:'- '---- .
-

·"
,

jud

955,

ITD2, 2-Msg,
Unix,
AT&T;

2DM,
and authors;

FREE!

t. ', T
/'_ "
,»
|.a

Inc 0
Street

Fírst
Altos,

Z-Com,

ZRDOS,

Echelorg

Zi1og; WY-50/75/85,

Z80/800,

TeleVideo;

=Jc

~ """ """
—
'U.S.
A %F;rm
-·""'"

\"22
-zTí-r-

,W,.b.,'t$l¢l!!ll'?!l,q'í::J
"

Eche1on,lnc.

20May1985
203

effect is
A somewhat
three-dimensional-display
Files display!
current-file pointer moves up/down/right/1eft, because file name in upper
simultaneously changes.
corner
right
If more than 72 files are in a directory,
to next screen,
simply pressing + or ^A and - or ^F moves display up/down
(Newsletters 104 and 202 have more on VFILER operations.)
respectively.
VFILER

Z TIPS:
achieved

as
screen

3.5

VFILER, Version

BO: WORKI
ANOTHER
BASIC
LTR

.TYP
.TST

-->

.109

ANOTHER
CHECKS

IZ80 Codel
.100
.101

ABLE
LTR

.ZZZ
.DOC

CHECKS

.IXJC

AMOS
LTR

.DOC

.102

Cormand

(FTASH:

Help):

3.5

is on Z-Nodes)

VFILER sample
rows of
is up to 18
display is shortened
for space sake...actual
(Yes, Version
3.5 is on Z-Nodes.)
per screen).
four columns (72
VFILER is a ZCPR3
Shells are soft(ware) covers that provide different
shell.
interfaces from standard.
Additionally, shells perform functions and execute commands
always
knowing
how to return to their origins.
VFILER uses a set of
For example,
and disk housekeeping
single or double keystrokes
operations. Also a
to automate
macro language
permits complex series of events to occur from but a single keystroke
entered
by the user—yes,
drastically changed interface from that available at ZSH
command line!
Other
System
and HELP.
ALIAS,
important shells are MENU, VMENU,
We've not
Each provide a special interface to quicken
and ease tasks to be performed.
SH
discussed
and HELP but they soon get their turn in Z-News.
The Z command line is always
away while using VFILER (or VMENU
just a keystroke
MENU).
When
Z
and
and you are there!
Type
you return
your commands have executed,
automatically to VFILER Files display, ready to continue processing.
Next tip:
Dreas
Nielsen (Corvallis, OR) has used his imagination and created a
using aliases, Zex and Vmenu.
His concepts
demonstrate
menu driven environment
latent
GET,
GO,
REG,
SH,
SHSET
using
(makes a program
SHDEFINE, SHCTRL,
power of ZCPR3,
or
WOW!.
GOTU,
IF/ELSE/FI/XIF,
SHEXIT, SETFILE,
and ECHO.
alias into a shell), SHVAR,
VMN
Here's complete
menu used (four rows of four
per row display at top):

file

files

file

files

CO: BACKUP

VMENU,

File

No
EITEAM
MENU
Q

ADDQ
EXTRACT
MENU
QM80

-->

.DIJ
.BAK
.COM

Version

1.3

.ZEX
.COM
.VMN
.ZEX

IZ80 Codej
DOMULT
GETIT
PUT
QRUN

EXTRACT.CCM

.ZEX
.COM
.COM
.ZEX

EIASSO
.DIJ
INSERT
.COM
PUTIT
.COM
QSPECIAL.COM

Imore
Arrow keys

move

current

file pointer
FILE

Q
V
E
X
Co[FEand

Add

file

to queue

View queue
Empty
queue

Exit

(CR=Menu)

filesl

QUEUE
R
T
A
S

MANAGER

Run

Type
Assemble

in
all
files
"
"
"
"

queue

Specially process queued

files

203

Z-News

and rest of
on your current disk with VMENU.CJJM
path.
them
He
suggest
putting
out-of-the-way in
your
Q,
A
A15: ROOT
using
the
directory.
is placed in queue (tagged) for processing
E
from queue.
pointed
such
rerrtoves
current
to; pressing
VMENU
shows sixteen
at once, with """ and "-" us: ed to get more. You can
Q.COM

starts

2CPRJ

display of

utilities abw
file

MENU.VMN

file

all

files

using wi.ld card file declaration to select only those pertímeüt.
of screen is for single-stroke ínenu display; last. is comníaud line.
MENU,
(See Z-News 106 for VMENU,
and VFILER fea tuí""es corrtÉ)aris(jn.!
After queuing-up each fií.le by moving pointer and pressing n, t"i les are
"processed"
by pressin" R, T. A, or S.
If! S, you are prornpted
fox" ccmmand nanie, e.g.,
PRINT.COM
and tra tling opt-ions
(µaramete·rs).
Of cíjín"se,
you may add other processes
arid commands may be added to the VMENU comí"i: and list for yo'jí" spec' 1-al needs.
QUEUE
a¿7stractic}tíé
Bravo!
takes Z ti'ü"Y"'" to anüther level of tasklintc'rface
í"cjgn?uÉ3i
RAM
ZJ
Ly
has
imch to ponCh"r,
Concept vorks best usiiz<
or fast haM disk! The
learn f roríí ccntr.ibutioíts oÁ Ihras Nielson.
Oreas' ccmplett:
works are there.
Look for f lle QUEUE.LBR
Ills al.i.mes
on Z-Nodes;
ENV
by install ing to your system us-iítg Z3!NS arid your
may be used as-are
descriptor.
log into VMENU
Bottom two-thi

rds

Z—Node #15 ríee&
¿hicago area coinputerisw have Xjcaí
accesc to super
morí" callers!
He
Kaypro BBS and Z-Node run by Sysop Richard
Jacobson.
\lje]c(jr[!es
callers from else312!649-1 730 and behold
where,
toO!
Try i-t--dtal
treasurcs offered your modem µoc1.
36.

Richard

Mead

Pasadena,

9!105

818 /' 799-!632

Software Support: If you have ZCPR3 conf jgured for your machine and your machine is
special and not in our ARCHIVE
library of pre-configured files, please put collection
into LBR file (usirr" LU or NULU) arid upload tcí the nearest 7-Ncíde. (See Z-News 108,
We'd like others tcj beríefit froni your work!
have,)
pa"e 3, fcr what. we already
we
code we welcome,
Programs
and utilities for which
source
we supply
ínvite
don't
upgrades
expect
users
our
programs,
ixes
proprietary
to upgrade...we
to
f
or
{We
programs
for wbich we supply only ob ject code, like jjiscat, Z-Com, Zas, etc.
are
responsible
and
bugs
fashion
improving
these.)
for
fixirig
in
for
a
timely
fully We
request you notify Z-Node Central (Dave McCord, Sysop) of ycur desire to
change a Z-System
program;
only one person at a time works on each file. You "checkand
out" a file for up to a month, return it for approval,
if accepted, changes you
made become official distribution.
revisions of Core, Utilities, and
Features you would like added to upcoming
should
Tools,
be jotted down and sent to us.
We'll analyze universal desirabili-ty of
Z expands
Thus,
as we grow together in undersuggestions and act accordingly.
standing,
creating a computing
environment para11e1ing our mental, intellectual
And what other company
capacity. What other software company acts like Echelon?
handles
the quantity of program code that we do?
Automating
tasks is excitiw" and saves
Amateur Z USer's Corner:
your routine computer
MENU,
VMENU
Remember when setting up, writing CMD,
much time in the long run.
$D$U:
the
declare
using
have
along
as current directory,
to always
or
Also get a feel for difference between
your search path.
current and default drive.
Z
Notice
command line default versus
what shows on VFILER Files display, upper
Change default by logging
screen corner.
in drive, e.g., AO>B: or AO: BASE>B:.
been made clear the
ference
between
default (1om«i in) and current
never
determined; from
drive.
At operating system command line the default disk

files

files
left

It's

dif

application
PMate,

programs,
you haven't
WordStar,

It is full-screen,
WordStar.
Though
Page

current.
yet invested in an expensive
text processor/editor like Vedit,
Version
2.5, by james H. Whorton.
you may want to look into VEO,
and has nearly same editing
commands
as
fast, memory-based,
makes an efficient program
editor.
not a word processor,

Z-News

203

board,
drawing
an even more
so we can expect
on james'
VTXJ
and
documentation,
package
Complete
(terminal install,
powerful editor soon.
and
VDO25.LBR,
downloaóiing
is hi.ghly
as
object
is on Z-Nodes
MIX editor,
(Ve also like split-screen,
recommended
by Echelon.
two-files-at-a-time
TX
75081,
2116 East Arapaho,
free 1Suite 363, Richardson,
f rout MIX Soft.ware,
800-622-4070,
for $29.95 plus $5.00 shipping COStS.)
Enhancements

are

presently

files)

file

for

toll

CA
408/946-3C75J
95134,
Jose,
surµrise um Their new WY-350, 64-coIor, 15" screen
c'ontinues to íj.eHghtfuiiy
'npat
The monochromatic
tí'rm"iíza1,
att ributes of
ib!e with the 'NY-5CJ,
is 'iülly upward co:
Ly
converted
the 'it) m"e a\It-í;r!!a1.ica!
Defaults
to Qijlé of 16 d,eíault color couíbinations.
Thus, sof tware
c untií2t"
through
opc'rato"í"
with
runs
that
selection.
ontrol
palette
u
i
at
µuµula.r
Hi("jno-cf)1or terninai.s also work t: -ith the 'U3CJ! These Wyse terminals operate
'3 'E ,--ñjCj
üaud íccmplete
in ha j f second) with line CÍrawing graphics.
sc reen re-write
(¥yse has been shipping
{?e?"t-aLniy hc'w is an alternate to slow bit-mapped
Inonitc)rs.
1CL(ÑÓ
leader.)
manufacturer
termi rials ,i racmth, independent

PLASH:

Wyse

(3040

Techríoiogy

First Street,

.San

Spreadsheets, blessing and plague: In many cases, because of certain innate human
can't
be wrong,
f ee iinÉs íbased usual ly on non-unders c anding) that computers
their
1á3
(at
minds)
than
egarded
dependable
(jutµ[!t
'in
far
least
more
our
authoritative,
i
actu-a1- results should
Many seem to take results at face value,
warrant.
carirlg not
(See Z-News 201 re judgement:
how they were obtained.
of what valve results if 'we
On
dcm't understand
who set.-up the spreadsheet
template?
how results were attained!)
what principles
formed?
Where is description
was
of design criteria? What
nuíinerica!
who checked
ranges arc valid for calculations, zero to plus.ihinus infircity?
resmlts
with :"eal-wor1d,
known-to-be-correct situations?
Dcj
\Qé
waíít tí' be users of tools without eí'!joyinE t.he fruits of more understancli: 'íg, waj}t to be mechanical
'ircru's'?
'le think riot and w"e will ñcjt,
if ue are
rniadful of what's happening!

Digi

(?aciSÁc
Research
Grcjvt', CA) acts i ike drunken sailors returning froíri leave,
back on ship reírienábering
'when pockets
lap,
beers
were
across
on table.
Íc)i fancy buildings arid ríetworks
them
Their expenditures
are not stopping
rom laying
They
What has happened to them?
off hundreds of employees oí stoppin¿; revenue loss,
crusaded
without principle, worked to just make money? They cared not for the well
being
What business
cf their thousands of existing custoriers?
principle has ORÍ
MS-DOS?
They position
followed since coming out with CP/M-8b and Microsoft with
DOS-286 aminst UNIX System V?
Concurrent
Lcts-a luck!

tal

full, girls

How

thrilled to

push and pull,
see micros
Flipping and flopping,
While IBM caved-in
to distributed processing.
Yes, we love those days so splendid,
Full of unexpected and delKhtful treats,
we

When

But
We

CP/M reigned
now Z-System walks

write Z-News froru beautiful
wcmdennent...we
tread paths

See you

down

the

tall

hills of

and candid,
the streets!

Los Altos...these
knowledge—join
us!
new

hills

are

alive with

sounds

lines...
Echelon,

Inc.
First Street
Altos, CA 94022
101

Los
Telephone:
415/948-3820
Z-Node Central: 415/489-9005

Page

Z-News

203

HE64180, Hitachi; Z8Q/800,
Trademarks:
Zilog; WY-50/350, Wyse; Model 955, TeleVideo;
ZCPR3,
ZRDOS,
ZDM,
Z-System,
Z-Tools,
Z-Com, Zas, Zlink, DSD,
ITOZ, Z-Msg,
Lastiñ9Value
Echelon
and
Software,
respective owners and authors; CP/M,
MS-DOS,
Research;
Microsof Unix, AT&T.

Z-News

reprint,
Echelon.

Echelon,
101
Los

their

Digital

sets

203

is Copyright 1985 Echelon, Inc.
wholly or partially,
automatically

All Rights

granted

z
4J'

MAY

?
!

.i :

1985
Y

l
,·

·.
. t ,.

'
"

'.. l EL
i
..

., l . É ,
! ' l

l '

Permission to
credit is given to

.rí<

tPk" o:
g4

source

'9q

<,¿

94022

Reserved.

g>ÑC/

Inc .
Street

First
Altos,

FREE

y o u

, '

. :
'i
k

.y - . W, '.

A,^n,-h;"|'
?4:. X 3 ==-Á~;
--,,,-----=.".,~'
"

'r~~"~

.»)
—
"""u
-.
:>-.
a ,-": -—=~"u
"_
[fl|Í[l{l||R1|!F.tr'
M,, , ,,
,,

Eche1on,lnc.

june

1985

Z4NÍNS 204

Howard Cripe
has created
program
that
an alias support
we go again!
command
Each
is
individual
favorite editor to write aliases.
your
permits
these
processing
converts
entered
by
returns
to
later
a carriage return;
followed
ignored.
Then
feeds
the ZCPR3
command separators,
exiting
semicolons,
after
with line
using command:
produced
your editor,
is processed by Howard's ACREATE.COM
Z TIPS:

Here
using

file

ACREATE

called ALIAS,MAS
An alias COM
thus produced, ready to run. Another
ACRRATE.COM)
used to make
(should
be on default drive along
automatically
is
with
be
one-time
runnable
ALIAS.MAS
But
must
installed
to your SYS.ENV
final
alias.
DDT)
else use ZDM (or
using
Z3INS, Version
1.2 or later;
to patch environment
Z3LOC)
MAS
SHOW
(found using
base-page
address
location IDA hex (then SAVE 4
into
or
Z community
ALIAS.MAS).
Thanks tor your work, Howard;
is grateful!

file

file is

first,

file

that someone put a character/command editor into
be required for each
entire alias script wouldn't
little
we wait in
next best thing in developing ACREATE--now
You who complete
diminished pain for that internal editor.
it, please call the
MKDIR.
MKALMS,
name goes nicely with
program
to permit
Author of ZCPR3, Richard Conn, is updating SAK (strike-any-key)
^C
^C
drops
command
batch
cancel
Zex
files.
Presently
with
while within
operator to
SAK
works
than
command
Other
Zex
Zex
perfectly
in
next
now
line.
in
you to
files,
work
and
commands,
Soon
period!
perfectly,
in aliases.
straight
in menus,
Robert
Greenlee
recently developed a patch for Z-System ZEX batch program to
and Z3 should get
Those using these programs
permit running with Xtrakey and XScreen.
patch documentation from Z-Nodes (file ZEXPTCH2.IX}C), or write/call Bob at Xpert
We

suggested awhile

ago

ALIAS.COM, so re-doing the
change.
Howard
did the

it'll

San Diego, CA 92123, 619/268-0112.
Fred Lieberman (Santa
Cruz, CA) thought of a machine
BYE, the last command given as his
specific alias we pass to you. He called
MODEM
OFF
AND PRINTER;SAFTEY.
CLEANDIR;ECHO TURN
turned
computer power
CLEANDIR
That's
keeps the directory tidy for possible UN~E
message is
use;
shown to remind
to turn off hardware; SAFTEY is a Kaypro program positioning hard disk
head to safe location for physically moving computer,
intentionally or accidently.
8865 Polland
Avenue,
Systems,
and ZCPR3 user,
Kaypro

it.

off.

ecíieián
Mr. James Monaco, President
of
status: ZCFR3: TM Manual
New
York ZOETROPE,
publisher of the "book," has personally given us a delivery date—
21
June,
develop!
Echelon
has arranged
no further problems
to have the manual
dropped shipped
by publisher to each customer
in interest of quickest delivery after
Delays getting this book to our customers
has caused some
off-the-press has occurred.
know;
but
please
hang-in
book
us—the
we
with
is worth
ZRDOS2/Z-Com2
Problems
in software desigrí has lead to much delays in project.
Meeting
Presently we change specification of these packages.
orGinal specification
Z80's and 64k-byte memory spaces.
So
placed program
into "too big" category
2
Version
is being reserved
for HI: 64180'S and Z800's, schedule not yet determined.
who ordered
ZRDOS2/Z-Com2,
ZRDOS/Z-Com Plus,
For those
supply
we
similar to
ZRDOS1
and Z-Com but with
single-level re-entrance.
I/O Packages such as I/OR
and BPrinter work with Plus,
Re-entrance
results in very compact code for I/O tasks.
64k-byte
the best we can do for Z80-based
machines.
Term3
beta
Term3
should
be shipping soon,
Deep in
testing,
hopefully in a
ZCPR3
BYE
month or less!
Program is modular,
replaces
uses
(public
domain automatic
phone answering
used
by
most remote bulletin Mard systems),
program

miwcr

ill-will,

it!

for

full

will

It's

facilities fully,

Z-News

204

and mates hand-in-glove
cations needs as well.
such progrmrís,
extreme
µat i.ence
'"1)!'MO,PfB'U,

sµec

la!

j I"í

tirst.
arid

DEffCíLBR

ConiEíuR.ic:

at.í(2l!s.

Metal). Of course, it handles all your communinot previously found in any
features and possibilities
version is shipped with letter thanking everycne for their
c-dtering
final) versi-arí.
f ree upgrade to µla"nríed second (auí^ (: r)rílí"íiand
í'nen"t im"ted.
above, ccnt :í ins a Iwñ' useful Ternü
micros
in
with

Z-pís&

Haviiw

Píeíiu-'·-a beg i}lrgir€¢)

Update:
using Flitci.chi pjm]: 20 and 'Z-Svstem is ")hysica!1v
Si=]c !: ca'u± [^cTrLE}uter
Ír¿(-)Lír2t
5"
7"
üCrPPy di'"i': í_·s.
Shipments
sized
by
at
j{)
du side of 5.25" and J.5
start
Eirst week oí' August !985!
Price: Sully assembled arid tested hoard with ready-todouble density
boot cperatiíiig
systení arid other software bundled on four double-sided,
$499.00.
disks is
Price includes SuperBlOS with i92k-byte auto-RAM disk, MOVZ,
ZCPR3,
CONFIG,
FCV,
Same
SYSGEN,
and ZAS.
ZRlXlS, EDIT, ZDM,
without OS software but
$359.00;
$1%).00.
alone
An ancillary board is
with SuperBIOS is
software
is priced at
300/1200
bps
modem
plus other functions; more
a
being developed containiw
25
To
order
details in a month.
or for more details, call or write Microínint Inc.,
CT
06066,
1-800-635-3355.
(See
telephone
Terrace
Vernon,
109
Z-News
Drive,
toll-free
for further SB-180 specifications, 105 and 107 for early benchmarks.)

sB-l%

full

To assist
Milestone Achieved: Lots of folks haven't worked with Z-System menus.
Echelon
has
developed
extensive
coordinated,
chained
set of
staff
an
getting started
MENU,
VMENU,
and
using
and
VFILER.
Menu
display screens
menu scripts (text files)
IX)C
explained
lengthy
metliodology
went
file--much caring
into menu pro ject.
is
in a
Since Z is the definitive
B-bit operating system and so few seem to understand
it, we
thought
such energy.
Stated
another
worth expending
way, we know of no system that
it
as easily and as
permits production of menus and covers range of task automation
OEM'S
used
impress
Z.
(Similar menus are
potentially interested in
as
efficiently
to
using Z-System,
instead of using more expensive,
less powerful software.)
Novice computer
users may be shielded completely from learning Z-System commands;
user's
and task speed up; and consultants find organiexperienced
find convenience
zational power important.
download,
study,
then,
use;
orí Z-Nodes;
Fruits of our work are in f lle DEMO.LBR
(and
examples!
Our
what
menu offering
alias)
Let's see your menu
you think.
write us
is for a 3-drive system; if you do one for two (2) drives we would especially

seeing
appreciate
your work.
Fred Haines,
While on sub ject of menus and screens,
one of our customers,
in the
screenplay
and
using
has automated
Z-System
movie business,
management
menus.
writing
interested in movie script control, contact him at 733 North King's Road #331, Los
CA 90069,
213/658-8664,
Fred uses a
Work is called Speedball Movie Maker.
Angeles,
MD3
and
Morrow
one of his beta-tester software friends has
for computer activities
plarmed, an article about
for Writer's Guild newsletter. Z goes Hollywood!

ZCPR3
has no direct
Amateur Z User's Corner:
move conuriand, but CP and
(ZRDOS'S
E
AC
command
coping.
there
option is an
with
for
MV,
ZRIXJS,
created
simple
ñlover.)
Lacking
is
alias, call
a
to move
R;ECHO
MOVED:
MCOPY
Q;ERASE
$2.
$1=$2
$2
FILE(S)
another:
to
one directory
ERASE
MCOPY
$2
be
and
used
here,
and
may
are available
versatile transients
separated
by commas.
filenames
Syntax is similar
and with several
declared,
used
renaming,
copying
except "space" delimiter
instead of "=" sign:
is

file

trailing

MCOPY

are

effective

files

from
Because

wild-card
to normal

BO :WORK1>
mv

[DIR:

]{ ,fn2.ft2][
$2

jl"

.f t3]

required operator entry, t ] = optional; fn = filename, up to eight
characters; ft = filetype, optionally up to 3 characters; and, * = matches any set of
characters, one of two OS file-search wildcards (other is "?" which matches any single
Legend:

Page

Z-News

204

=
parameter passed after command name, $2 = second;
DU
used.
be
RETURN,
directory forms may
etc., keypress. Either DIR or
IF12)
existence
of files or
for
Conditional testing (using resident IF or transient
directories—-canceling or displaying message if not--could be added.
Microcímputer
technical jargon is no more difficult to learn than that of other
l:rc6£e3sj.orLc.
.jargon develops
as means to more eff icient-ly
e.g., medicál
or botanic-a!.
comnunicate:
greatly increasing speed and
one word may represent
a comple? e concept
used; so
language
But eve"rycme involved must understand
eace íjf humaií interactions.
trailing parameters,
let's get tc meaning of seldom defined command line tails,
K"e
already
have an ñíental
and expressions
variables and arguments,
like "pass.ing."
ZCPR3
(read Z-News 203, page one,
image of shells as used in
context
you don't).
if
command
lines
Mentally dif ferentiate between flle scripts entered with editor and
entered
Definitions by examples:
at OS prompt.
$1
ENTER,

character);

ECHO

first

DO,

THIS IS A TEST.

$f ,

$n,

St,

So,

$1,

$2,

fn.ft
fn.ft

%n,
,

is comnand tail passed to
to display on terminal. Moving
is called
one memory area to another

IS A TEST."
ECHO

program
data from
"passing ."
These are script

used

to indicate
is to be expanded,
ft
Used
passed and further processed.
in shells.
expanded (resolved) name passed
Script parameters,
fram coímnand
line to program, shell, or alias.
May be filenames
or trailing options (argíments) .
"fn.ft" is comnand tail for WordStar, file to edit.
"fn.ft e" is comiand tail for comnand PRINT. "e"
is called trailing option of comnand.

variables
- ®ether
full fn.ft, or fn or

"THIS

GA
FLASH!
Quadrant Corporation
(4355 International
404/923Blvd.,
30093,
Norcross,
6666) soon comes out of beta testing with full-up,
from
ready-to-boot
either 5.25" or
8" disk, s-lOt)
HIJ64180 B-bit
buc single board
Board
computer.
uses Hitachi super
RAM
and
and
hard disk
contains 512k-bytes of
along with floppy
computer chip,
and two serial ports.
Old timers have been waiting for
one parallel
controllers,
being ready for sale in July or early August!
this, as we have. Look for
(Further
good news:
Z800
coming but we won't say when!
Samples,
2ilog
chip is not dead;
manufacturers.)
Our
with b1eniishes,
are in hands of selected potential volume-user
and
being
support
faith in
for B-bit processors
is slowly
materially justified.

it's

Industry Brief : You
essentially an orphan.
and guess

what?

Life?

write

Fears

know what IBM did to PC jr—they
PC2
Well,
is soon (in six months,
Machine that's sold in millions is now
and speak no more of IBM (or ORÍ).

stopped
more or
to become

production

it's

and
to come out.
That's
an orphan!

less)

Stifle

We
Our Creativity:
but also we fear being
simply hate to make mistakes,
We
by our peers,
beirig mislead
misused
by others.
seen a fool, beiríg criticized
or
standing
alone
fear
with no one at our side, fear disturbing traditions or breakir€
taboos,
the security of habit patterns, losing attention and love of our
not having
work and social groups;
and most of
Yet, we
we truly fear beiríg an individual.
claim being individual is unique, blessed strength of being human!

all,

See you

down

the

lines...
Echelon,

Inc.
First Street
Altos, CA 94022
101

Los
Telephone:
z-Node Central:

415/948-3820
415/489-9005

Page

Z-News 204

Trademarks:

SB-180,
TeíeVideo;

Model

951,

ITOZ,
CP/M,

Z-Msg,

Digital

Micromint;
Z-System,

sets

reprint,
Echelon.

Z80/800,

Hitachi;
ZCPR3,

Lasting-Value
Sof tware,
Echelon
Research;
MS-IX)S, Microsoft;

Z-News

HD64180,
Z-Tools,

ZiioÉX
Z-Cont, Zas,

ZRDQS,

and

their respective

jr,

IBM; Unix,

WY-50/350.

Zlink,

owners

is Copyright 1985 Echelon, Inc.
wholly or partially,
automatically

Reserved.
source

Permission to
credit is given to

,ÍJ-'"\
'"a
/d

Inc.
First
Street
l0l
Los Altos, CA 94022

r
. ?

4
.

JUN

tí

" ;j'j'

,
.,

and authors;

AT&T.

All Rights

granted

Echelon,

ZDM,

FREE!

y o u

204

Wyse;

DSD,

ii' "

MT:

^ E' ¿ '
!'JJI_
i© j)SL -'
L
¿:]DF·q.'..':::Am--

'"'

Eche1on,lnc.

I july

1985

206
Z TIPS:
erase
ZRIX)S,

Many have asked to have AC, archive
automatically
copy program of Z-System,
author
Wright,
Dennis
already
of
Well,
destination
directory.
exists on
have
add
parameter
with"A"
feature:
this
'N'
traiHntg
to
says to simply

file

AC C:

=B:*.* IAN

automatically copies all changed files to C from B disk, without prompts.
application program with Zrunniw a commercial
If troubles are experienced memory,
Ask him to please upgrade
the
System because of insufficient
publisher.
write
TPA
Area)
Ask that he
(Transient
48k-byte
work
Program
systems.
his program to
in
organize
the program to use available TPA, using disk-to-RAM
swap buffers, or modular
overlays. When OKita1 Research (Pacific Grove, CA) produced MP/M, which allocated
design
48k-byte
TPA, standard
applications
B-bit software design practice became:
We
do,
48k.
good
then,
idea
promote
efficient
requiring only
think it was
to
still
work,
few
appliances
code writing for our computing
machines;
learning!
for
we use
We
are doiw our best to convince
jim Whorton to make full-screen editor VDO a
ZCPR3
as
one that keys terminal video requirements
to the system environment
utility,
Z3
crossed.
do.
Keep
your fingers
other
utilities
GOTO,
(operates
1.2, has been updated
from a ZEX line) to assure multiple
Version
ZCPR3
by
commands are cance11ed,
Update
on sanie line.
creator, Richard Conn, now
if
on Z-Nodes.
Also don't forget to get Rick's SAK, Version 2.1, that cancels ZEX
processing
these two utilities:
with a ^C. Here's how he describes
;
;

;
;
;
;

GOTO is a program designed
to be run under ZEX which permits
branching within a ZEX file.
accepts only one argument, a label,
defined within the ZEX file as a special comment
of the form:
;=1abel anytext
The syntax
of GOTO is:

GOTO

label

GOTO

always

0
I

;
;
;

;

executes;
be executed
SAK

;
;

;
;
;
0
r

The

;

;
;
;
;

SAK

(Strike Any Key) is used for the following purposes:
I) to wait for user interaction before continuing
and to allow the user to abort a Multiple
Command
Line
command
the

user's attention by ringing the
bell at his console
3) cancel
ZEX command
file in execution (2.1 - rlc)
SAK command
line is:
SAK
/0... or SAK /0... text or SAK text
is invoked with following options:
NOT Allow User to Cancel MCL
a
-- Ring Bell
B
-to

Pnnnn

;
;

if it

;

aborts the rest of a multiple command line when
did not do this, commands following the GOTO would
before the GOTO is performed (control returned to ZEX).

---

seconds and continue
nnnn
response by that time
Allow User to Cancel ZEX
Pause

206

Z-News

In original

assemble/link

Please

;

possible
SAK

ZEX'S

by using

M80.ZEX

statement:

Type

built-in

$^C

line:

Error(s) Exist - ^?

capability.

prompt

lp6z

SAK

file there's

ZAS.ZEX)

(or in

Errors, cancel

now can be replaced

Line

link

with

(^C)?

link automatically commences if a ^C is not entered by operator within
any keypresq
starts link operation immediately, without waiting for
default pause limit. Change to 20 second pauge and add repeating bell alert if you
aren't attentive
to console screen/keyboard after starting ZEX process; /BP20Z
provides
prompt
difficult-to-ignore
if assembly errors occur.

Advantage
here,
6
seconds.
But

TIPS:
Setting up comnand lines
have
programs
to point to a
the name Current
processing.
Normally,
SETFILE or in SH.VAR,
i.e., system files.
A neat
User.)
command
line useful for
or

ability

ECHO Use Pointer
IF INPUT
VDO $pf
ELSE
UDO "Filename

first
file

causes pointer
comes directly from
Sysop Dave McCord.

prompts
prompt
($pf,
Z-Node

VFILER

(And don't

editing

CMD

confuse
might

files

VMENU

these
be:

with

Current

Disk

File (Y, T, , or CR=yes)?

to Edit?

FI
which automatically
Responding
to

and

files is fun. Both
file, called Pointer File (PF), for further
File is reserved
for files established by
for

for file name to edit if pointer file is not to be used.
with Y (yes), T (true), space bar, or carriage return,
%f
Tip
for VFILER CMD) to be used by (passed to) editor.
Z
Wally
Ottersbach,
from
user,
Central: was a Ínessage to

Echelon proprietary software help support
download
DSD,
Z3-Ikt-Com,
them
Z-Com,
computer
disk forniats. Contact
for Z-Tools,
(pay)
(by
check,
Sysop
money order,
Discat, ZRDOS, Z-Msg, etc. After you
method)
and download,
he sends your
payment
credit card number, or other agreed-to
and what you received
and place
name, address,
to EI; we mail printed documentation
convenient,
closed
loop;
everybody
wins!
Z-News
mailing
simple,
you on
The Z-Team downloaders:
Z-Node
diverse

Corner:

Nodes

licensed

satisfy

It's

list.

CA
213/670-9465
2. Al Hawley
Los Angeles,
MA
617/965-7259
3. jay Sage
Newton Centre,
206/357-6757
7. Tim Linehan
O1ytnpia, WA
714/855-0672
10. Rea Williams
El Toro, CA
OH
614/864-2673
14. Rich Rodeheaver
Reynohisburg,
312/649-1730
Richard
jacobson
Chicatgo,
!5.
IL
16. jud Newell
416/232-0442
Is1ington, Ontario, CANADA
305/831-6049
17. Robert Tate
Springs,
Altamonte
FL
408/262-5150
19. Fred Townsend
San jose, CA
305/295-0844
Orlando,
29. Ed Unrien
FL

CA,
408/245-1420),
Z-Node 35 (Sunnyvale,
Announcements:
is an
I) Norm Beeler,
Add
Z-Node
you're
unsuccessful
Norm to others we
Central.
contacting
alternative
upload
recommended
more "go-fors"
as well as download;
in Z-News 205. But please,
work
These
provide
alternates
only
we have
for more users.
more up-to-date

files

Page

Z-News

sufficient
Another

moving
Welcome to:

volunteers timely

noder

signs

up.
38.

Robert

software

Paddock

from

Central to other

- Frañklin,

nodes.

206

Wow!

16323

Z-System Going Public: ZRIX)S is gettiñ9 modified to be controlled by a Z utility to
with
Fully compatible
permit (optionally) public files to be created and recognized.
Systems)
(P1u*Perfect
Software)
and Bridger Mitchell
Andy johnson-Laird (Control-C
Z
approach,
soon permits any directory to access a command file that uses overlays in
another
Without
that use overlays like
directory.
individual patchiñ9, programs
WordStar, dBASE, T/Maker, Mu1tiP1an, and The Word Plus, would be placed in, say,
A15: ROOT
directory, with text and data files in other directories, e.g., BO to Bl5.
More as features mature.
SETDRU
(and WS-FIX or
But until Z has public file capability
we make do using
WSPAT-DM).
Awhile
Rubenstein
wrote
this filter program permittirig an
ago Michael
overlays
application program to find its associated
in other than current/default
the job done for WordStar,
The Word Plus,
gets
directory.
Perfect Writer, and
It
(We
SETDRU
008,
there
and then
mentioned
other applications.
in
Newsletter
first
SETIRU13.LBR is presently on Z-Nodes and other remote access systems.
called USERJ
SB180 Song:
The Micromint SBC continues
must-get
as top-of-list,
item, for dyed-inwool B-bitters.
SCSI hard-disk expansion
interface, autostart aliases for RAM disk
make
so flexible.
File-load and auto-archive aliases individually generated for
wordprocessing,
database
spreadsheet,
communications
management,
activities make for
(what you
processing.
Z-System
custom menus
unbelievably quick and convenient
Order
want to do) together.
yours
now for early delivery (1St week of Augusst) by
800/635^3355;
phone number is good also
calling Micromint
for requesting
literature and complete pricing information on SB180.
assembled
and tested SBC with ready to boot software for
Build one (buy
$418.00; add case with power supplies, about $220.00; three
half-height floppies—both
5.25" and 8"--and one fast 8"
5.25"
$1000.00
hard
disk,
or
or so; connectors and
cables, $100.00; and Wyse WY-350 color terminal) as your second computer, and
WY-350 retails for
quickly becomes your prime because of bri9ht, shining performance!
Some
$1195.00;
ouch! multi-hue costs money.
and use WY-50
not worth
may feel
Of course,
these are
for $695.00.
prices and few pay that these days. Also,
lots of readily available used equipment (flea-market purchases) greatly reduce final
(We noticed WY-lOO terminals
$195.00
costs of any such project.
from WW
Components,
1771 Junction Avenue, San jose, CA 95112, 408/295-7171.)
ready-to—run,
remote
Micromint plans to produce a stand-alone,
system
access
Modem
using SB180 and a modem board they presently finish designirig.
board uses new
MOSART
Xecoín (374 Turquoise
St.,
module to handle
Milpitas, CA 95035, 408/943-0313)
telephone/computer
Term3 and Z-Msg
be bundled
interface functions. Z-System,
More in next newsletter.
with package.
We
trust Dave Thompson (Micro Cornucopia Magazine) and Art Carlson (The Computer
Journal)
publish articles that assist learning to build (and use) Hitachi HD64180based computers—the
future is now!

tie

toll-free
fully

retail

it's

for

will

California
pleasure
We
(you
wine!

Proverb:
Get your
you tickle yourself you can laugh whenever you wish.
from other than yourself, sometimes
you have to wait before
laughter comes!
and I) work (and write) where palm trees meet pines,
where water tastes like
Miracles every day. See you down the lines...

Echelon,

Inc.
First Street
Altos, CA 94022
101

Los
Telephone:
Z-Node Central:

415/948-3820
415/489-9005

Page

Z-News

206

Trademarks:
Technology;

HD63484/64180,
Hitachi; Z80/800, Zilog; WY-50 /350, Wyse
Z-Tools,
Z-Com, Zas, Zlink, ZDM,
ITOZ, Z-Msg, DSD,
Term3,
Lasting-Value Software, Echelon and
respective owners and authors;
8088/86/186,
Xecom.
Intel; 9580/81, Advanced Micro Devices; MOSART,
SB180,
Z-System,

Micromint;
ZCPR3,

ZRDOS,

their

FREE!

Z-News

reprint,
'

Echelon.

All'Rights

206

is Copyright 1985 Echelon, Inc.
wholly or partially,
automatically

granted

Reserved.

source
"

,
0

Permission to
credit is given to
'7f.

',4
, .m::,

;V"

t
.t, '

(

d
:

Echelon. Inc.
101 Eti-rst
Street
Los Altos , CA 94022

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Echelon,lnc.
29

july

1985

208
placed
directory area of Zin ZRDOS (or ECHELON)
ZRDOS
Dennis Wri9ht, changed
author,
works with ZRDOS
Plus only).
exits on destination. Now simply
archive copy program by eliminating prompt
be
changed
copied from source to
automatically
using option la causes
to
but
1.0 did the same
Usinng Ian with Version
copy
destination directory.
Now
(Dennis
be.
should
what
remained
is creator
unverified.
program seems exactly
of our three I/O Packages, Items 40, 41, and 42 on Echelon Price List.)
By the way, AC makes dandy
MOVE, as opposed
to COPY, program using the
iríg e option.
Command ac b:
/e copies
to B: directory from
AC
and
Using
completed!
has
coping
then
from
erases
fn.ft
current,
current after
having
moving
ALIAS, ZRDOS
simple and
one
owners can create a mv function for
Z TIPS:
Nodes (AC

AC,

Version

1.1,

has been
and ZRDOS

if file

files

thiw

file

fn.ft

=fmft

trail:

file

files,

remember syntax.
Richard
author
has finished writing a tutorial
Com,
on I/O Packages.
of ZCPR3,
how
modify
document
shows
BIOS
input/output refor efficient
your
Fifty-page
to
and design
receive
lOP concepts
detail treatments. We publish as
direction.
is Item 84 on price
loose-leaf and offer for $9.95 plus shippiw and
On
IO/PLBR)
(as
placed
the other hand,
on our
tutorial is so important we
I/O.
but only
nodes for downloading—take
want
you
to learn things
busy Richard
Magazine
Mícro Cornucopia has commissioned
to write an in-depth
ZCFR3
and
piece
scheduled
Z-System,
article on
to appear in OCt/Nov issue, No. 26.
in our struggle,
we have been frustrated
Certainly,
to explain
our
what Z is
about.
satisfactorily
Everythiw we speak and write seems to generate
than answers.
Of course,
this, and we
more questions
your interest is shown by
C
much
Micro
Nonetheless,
Richard
expends
article hopiñ9
energy on
rejoice!
currently
fewer
increased
understanding,
questions.
fosters
easy

criteria

it,

¢d1iw,

all

list.

file

inability
all

ZCFR3: The Manual

certainly

ship...another

answers

Term3

many
and

fortnight

Richard's
book
manual is shipping, slowly.
Term3
unanswered
about to
questions.
be...documentation
taking longer than planned.

Statw: Yes,
pent-up, so-far

should

Softvare Musings: Zilog Z80 instruction
set is so powerful that it's a shame,
code writing started and has gone on for
historically,
Intel 8080 common-denominator
Now
HD64180
chip availability,
we start
so long.
high-integration microprocessor
with
NSC800) hardware
(and
8080
advantage
Z80
and take
of
National
to forget
full
architecture, especially since Zas relocating macro assembler
is perfected (and is
$69.00).
(CompruPro)
and
day
they
chose
Viasyn
Intel 8085 (similar
only
Zenith
curse
S-1OO
8080)
NSC800,
bus computers.
Z80
instead of
as co-processor,
in their
to
or
computer)
The RISC (reduced
concept,
instruction set
fostered by Prof. David
(CAL)
students
and gettirg
Patterson
and his University of California
Berkeley
at
We
by
here
EI.
coverage
trade press, means little to us
use existing hardware
at
and
increase
Others
computer
power to simplify software
play their games
through-put.
to break hardware market strangle-holds created by Intel, IBM, et al; we won't!
Long live instructions
DJNZ, INC, DNC,
INI, INIR, EX, EXX, ADD, ADC, LDIR, SET,
RES,
SBC,
SUB,
LO.
JR, and extremely
And HIX34180'S MLT, IND, OUTO,
OTIMR,
versatile
TST should
value
code
compact,
prove of great
for
fast
production. Instructions LD
(HL),C
C,(HL)
LI)
byte
code.
Load (copy) the contents
require only one
of
as object
or
HL
C
(addressed)
by
memory pointed to
register-pair
into
register, all in one byte!
Many useful one-byte
instructions exist; two and three-byte ones usually complete our
On
needs for fast-code writing.
Seldom do we use four-byte op-codes.
average,
two6mHz
byte op-codes
Ht64180
are required for typical programs,
(or 8mHz Z80)
giving
Compare with through-put
through-put of one MIPS (million instructions per second)!
(and with hardware/software COSts) of 16/32-bit Intel processors!

Z-News

208

Now

that

HD64180 double-precision
we have your
attention,
consider:
multiply bench mark reported
in Z-News 107, pg 3, was obtained using short (54-byte)
assembly language
subroutine.
Listing comes from a yet-to-be-released
Hitachi
application note.
Interesting code works the way we multiply with pencil and paper:
;

full

16-bit unsigned multiply with 32-bit result subroutine

MULTX:
MLTXO:

MEM1:
MEM2:
RESULT:

LD
LD
LD
MLT
LD
LD
LD
LD
LD
MLT
ADD
LD
LD
MLT
ADD
LD
LD
LD
RL
LD
MLT
ADD
LD
RET

DE,(MEM1)
BC,(MEM2)
H,C

;16-bit unsigned arguments previously
stored at locations 'meml' and 'mern2'
;use lower order byte of
; of both words for 1st mult
;

l,e
HL

;l6-bit
;

(RESULT),HL
L,EI
H,O

in 'result'

A,B
B,D

;save

BC
HL,BC

;diagonal

B,A
C,E

;restore value

BC
HL,BC
(RESULT+1),HL

;diagonal

L,H

;ready

H,O
FI

E,A
DE
HL,DE
(RESULT+2),HL

stored

location

multiply
multiply

;interim product stored
to shift second line
; left then add to first
;rotate left through carry
;origina1 b-reg value into e-reg
;multiply

;final 32-bit

product

;uninitialized

area

;return to caller
2
2
4

DS
DS
DS

product

;32-bit product

available
starts here

(low-byte

first)

Twelve bytes are removed
application program places data in BC and DE register
before
subroutine
(call to MLTXO,
eliminate MEM1 and 2 references).
entry to
Execution
time: 37.1 usec (microseconds)
with 6.144 mHz clock (0.!63 usec period), 42
op—code/operand
fetches, 3 clock cycles per fetch, 110 machine cycles and 185 states.
took 302 usec (8 times
longer
than HF64180) to double-precision
Recall, 280 processor
multiply, 1acking MLT instruction.
Ready your order for SB180; call The Micromint
Incidentally,
at 800/635-3355.
BBS
stand-alone
package (see Z-News 206 and 207), tisiw SB180 and COMM180
(with MOSART
and SCSI hard disk interface), has been given name of TurñKey
Board System,
7KBBS.
And glory-be,
there's been no price increase!
Full disclosure in upcoming
communications
issue of BYTE magazine.

pairs

Bulletin

Using

Universal assemble-link-load is major Zas quality, as well as convenience
a few general
an already-written
rules to follow when assembling
l) convert ASM, MAC, and LIB files that use Intel 8080 mnemonics to
source
listirtg:
Zi1og with supplied Zcon converter and translator.
2) Make sure,
by scanning
source
code with your editor, pseudo—ops don't
start in column one but in operation/operand
columns, usually column 2 through 32. Column one is reserved for labels, except
Normally,
pseudo-ops
leadiw line comments may occupy this columm
start in column 9,

ZAS:
and speed.

Page

Here's

Z-N~

208

the first tab stop. 3) Comments start with a";" (semicolon) and not with "*"
(Unexpectedly,
Patrick
(asterisk); neither ASM nor M80 permit other than semicolom
made
Zas,
Zcon
O'Connell, author of
convert leading *'s to ;'s.
present version of
should
be fixed before
Thank you, Patrick!)
Errors fjagged by Zcon during conversion
assembling
Zas.
with
.
Investigate errors produced during assembly, then fix. First error usually
causes many subsequent
errors, so fix first then see what remains to be done, if any
Always
next
thing.
fix
first error of previous assembly.
assembly.
For
changes
form make for error-free
Typically,
in source statement
$-MACRO
$"MACRO
and
should
be
changed
.SAIL
example,
pseudo-ops
and
like
to
listing
M80'S .8080 and .Z80 statements
should
be "commented
.LALL (or JXALL), respectively;
out" (see Z-News 106, pg I, and 205, pg 3). Of course, all new programs should be
guide.
written using Zas User's Manual as absolute
If ZAS doesn't perform as the
manual indicates,
Update Form" explaining trouble and return to
out EI "Software
improveEchelom
these fill-in-the-blank
forms should be used for program
Moreover,
We value
product.
advice!
EI
ment suggestions,
your
for any

fill

Z User's Corner:
Above Zas discussions
suggests
a quick-and-dirty alias to
COM
assemble
(using
Zcon) and link/load to executable
converted-to-Zilog
ERA
ZAS $1;SAK
$1.bak;ERA $l.com;
lbp6
cancel (^C)?:
ZLINK
$d:$1,a:VLIB/,a:Z3LIB/,a:SYSLIB/;ERA
No
harm comes to
being linked
routines from invoked libraries are not needed.
Fast Zlínk is inte11igent enough to work quickly under such conditions.

Amateur

files.

files
Errors,

file

$1.rel

Z-Node
Rea Williams, Z-Node 10, installed a 2400 bps modem and now uses Z714/855-0672.
Msg; try him by calling
Also,
Rea ordered
a Micromint SB180 single
board computer
and plans to quickly have
node
after arrival in August.
up as his
Tfiough
End
His BBS--Lands
a ZCPR3 enthusiast.
not a Z-Node, Norm Feder
RCP/M—is
300/1200
Sidney,
604/656-9115
Columbia,
Canada; dialing
gets his
in
British
bps modem. Give our Great Northwestern
neiQbor a call for a change of pace!
Oh, Happy Day!
Z-Node
Central up with 2400 bps communication capability,
US
today.
David McCord,
Robotics
Sysop, obtained
starting
Courier modem to reduce
telephone
Oh, Happy Day!
your online time, your monthly

Actívíty:

bill!

Silicon Valley (and other hi-tech
chills and fever (see Newsletters

regions)
Ups and downs, peaks and valleys,
007, pg 5, and 009, pg 7).
Many Silicon
Valley
companies
(principally their management) appear suffering from lack of discipline,
knowledge,
and understanding.
Such suffering usually is caused by greed (we, human
beings,
aided
are yet perfected),
substantially by short-sighted mental conditioning,
lack of significant education
(indoctrinatión, yes). Who knows where we've come from,
where we're goirig?
Lack: Íng knowledge,
we take what comes.
Technology is no substitute
learning; yet, we seek push-bottom, instant
and
response
gratification!
Life is to be lived—physical, mental, emotional
life—
and from
and
living, hkher levels of
come, feelings of satisfaction
obtained.
Those
who
acquire
caused
regard
pain
fulfillment
without
for
power
to
Sleep
and anguish!
others in the process produce exactly what they sow:
not only at night for these
occurs
power-at-any-price holders but during the day.
the
day
consciously
and locomotion
during
directed thoughts
are needed;
anxious,
subconscious
then.
Wake-up
America,
Sun
energy shouldn't control
is hi9h in
sky!
Breakfast, brunch on lush strawberries and white Zinfandel—enter realms of
enchantment
See you down the lines...
naturally!
Echelon,
Inc.

Brief:

for

mdewt±iw

hostility

Still, it's

101

First Street

94022
Los Altos, CA
415/948-3820
Telephone:
Z-Node Central: 415/489-9005

Page

Z-News

208

Trademarks:

SB180,

COMM180,

H%3484/64180,

Micromint;

ÍIKBBS,

Hitachi;

Z80/800,

Zilog;

8080/85/88/86/186,
Intel; 9580/81, Advanced Micro Devices; WY-50/350, Wyse Technology;
ZCPR3,
ZDM,
REYAS,
DSD,
ZRDOS,
Z-Msg,
Term3,
Z-Tools,
Z-Com, Zas, Z1ink,
Z-System,
and
Software,
Echelon
and
MOSART,
Lasting-Value
respective owners
authors;
XE1201/03,
Xecom; NSC800, National.

their

S e

FREE!

Z-News

reprint,
Echelon.

208

is Copyright

1985

wholly or partially,

Echelon, Inc.
automatically

All Rights

granted

Reserved.

Permission to
credit is given to

source

..
k<'
· :"'

,
, " ' ~ÁMÉ

SkNC/S1.
Echelon, Inc.
101 F: i-rst
Street
Los Altos, CA 94022

/,>
,,\'. '
K

FEA
-H'L
'""'-

\ ! r" S
' ' '--"
-

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l'
.
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'1"(,l['('}|)1()

"í1í"i-i

t\LNAYj

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R(.'|" ')tl :";.\·X1¿-'ili';
4(1!U
\\'
l'L¡!í(l: jK !'i1_l'[.'E'"'i
Oíí1 C: ',":.',!':.\
l.6li||};'ít)l'j,

.'!Í1J

i
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,.
·

|,-\7

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~===~
"""", USÁ""

"'""'"
""

,:"!

qA: Z;u'

= Eche1on,lnc.

Z-Nl5S
REVAS4

IXMble
$90.00!

Al
radio packet to

Hawley,

gets
REVÉIS

August

1985

209

HIJ64180 code disassembly
capability—price stays at
AS.semlber)
and Sysop for Z-Node #2 and ham
author

Hitachi
(REVerse

1and1ine
finished Hitachi version.
network coordinator,
REVAS3
Send
Registered
owners
may upgrade
for $20.00 plus shipping and
Echelon
master
your
diskette.
planned
is shipping—one
year in development,
to take only four (4)
ZCPR3.
months.
Program takes advantage
environment
created
by
Has what you would
of
from
Term3
communications
package
much
expect
represents
full-feature
new
more.
plus
and modularity.
thinking aHut configurability,
ease-of-ee, performance,

just

M1iw.

III

flexibility,

Z TIPS:

VFILER36,

VMENUI5,

Al Dunsmuir
preliminarily.
(Scarborough, Ontario) did
again; we thowht previous versions were great but
latest brings a fine tune to assembly language programming.
Forty-four code eñhance2) reduced
the
increased
speed
and
quickness,
ments were introduced to
trio for: I)
3)
and
increased
About
the
updates,
screen
rewrites,
overall flexibility.
Al said, "A
VMENU
VMENU,
made
speed
and
the
loading
and
and
both
large effort was
up
of VFILER
to
MENU
now are a lot smarter (search for menu
file along path, no extraneous
returns/checks of Command line status). VMENU now knows about the Command echo f1ag,
and System menus."
Read *.INF within respective .LBR
files for specific details, on
Z community
Z-Nodes now.
owes Al much gratitude for his extraordinary attention to
He
next
detail, his continuing concern to establish ZCPR3 utilities best.
tackles
and

MENU38

ZEX, making
Dennis

trio is

released

(and proper)
Z-System
an improved
itWright,
Z-Team Member and author

program!
of ZRDQS, has upgraded Ted Emigh's
FINDERR
ZAS
He
ZEX
handle
assembler
also
created
to
a
to go with
errors.
ZEX
The way Dennis wrote
batch
works without a glitch.
Find ZASLINKZEX
and new FINDERR.MAC—it's
1.4—on Z-Node Central and other nodes.
Version
Jay Sage checked
ALIAS
update,
his screen-oriented version
out
VALÍAS, and Richard
Conn works on MKALIAS.
Therefore,
we soon should have two super
make-alias
programs
with internal editors—good
times continue to

it.

nifty

file,
for

file

calling

roll!

Rememorandum:
Many computerists remain that haven't
Conn's ZCPR3:
purchased
Richard
The Manual.
What's
the matter with you estimated
60,000 Z-System
users?
Bound,
351
7.5"
9.25"
by
manual
$19.95,
pages,
typeset,
size,
sells for only
plus $4.00
Shipping
from stock!
You need not another
for shippiñ9 and handling costs.
source
for facts, information, knowledge?
Satisfied? Please, think again!
And there's ZCPR3 and lOPs selling for $9.95, plus shipping and handling,
or get
the tutorial
(from
Z-Nodes as IOP.LBR) for download
phone-time
as a series of
cost. Fifty-page (50) loose-leaf document, written by Richard Com, explains ZCFR3
shows how to modify
input/output redirection philosophy,
your BIOS to include I/OP
and how to use DEV, DEVICE, and RECORD
segments,
Z-System
commands.

still

files

Comment
Line: We are encouraged by volume of mail we receive, indicating interest in
high-performance
One
and perhaps,
commitment.
problem:
B-bit products,
we don't have
the staff to individually
respond to most of your questions.
Your efforts
Every letter is carefully read and
are appreciated;
we thank you.
we react with what is
received
appropriate.
you haven't
a reply, don't
think
we didn't receive and read your letter.
Consider:
takes,
20 minutes
on average,
of someone's time to draft a response; that time is worth, with our present corporate
overhead,
about $60.00 per hour.
Thus each response
deeply
costs
us $20.00,
cutting
into
so dearly needed to continue our developments.
(MicroPro,
producer
telephone
help at $90.00 for
of WordStar, offers personalized
hour,
prepaid!
$2.50 per minute!)
After that
Information costs money...

felt

profits, profits

it's

first

209

Z-News

may be severe but printed material
should be read seven (7) times before
concluding
Seven times
lack of understanding.
is sufficient to obtain meat!
a
law; from such reading
technique,
from
echelon
you move
(level) to echelon, increasing

insight

It's

naturally.

C.O.ELE.
Z-Node
Richard
Rodeheaver,
Z-Node #14 Sysop, advises
to use password RAVEN when 1oggirig
Ohio,
Richard's
onto his Reynoldsburg,
number
system.
is
614/864-2678.
Another
Richard,
but in El Paso, TX, has a new node modem
Petersen,
915/821-3638.
number:
YMODEM
New 1,024k-byte block transfer
and KMD programs
and 2400 bps modems
One k-byte blocks
exhibit increased through-put, reduced stay-time on Z-Nodes.
by about 30% with 2400 bps modems,
instead of 128-byte increase transfer through-put
by 9% with 1200 bps.
by error rate of transmission
Actual results are determined
(US
Robotics
must make their 2400 modem less error prone or they
be
circuit.
black-balled. The Hayes 1200 is poor enough, we can't live with further reductions in
quality. You OEMS listening?)
Echelon recommends temporarily using KMD (renamed to XMODEM,
by
as suggested
author,
Z-Nodes,
such
Term3
replaces
both.
Hoff) along with BYE5 on
until
time
While
Jud Newell,
Z-Node #16,
(Toronto),
on subject of performance,
Islington
has
Echelon
and programs
Ontario, CANADA,
online. Both freely distributed
ones (non-commercial use) and proprietary
items are handled. Jud
a popular
software downloader (see Z-News 206),and has special modem number
his node:
416/231-9202.
here's a place to download
from!
you need our products,

Activity:

will

Irv

its

all

files

is
for

Ái'Y<úw'" Z USer's Corner:
Zas is distributed so assembly
produces
a
SYSLIB,
can be used
linking with subroutine
REL
(Change defaults by running
Of course,
"install" program.)
'lh"
using
ZLINK and default code origin of lOó hem
Add trai1iW
ZASH,
COM
togg1e output
An alias, we call
to HEIL
to create
MLOAD
Ron Fowler's
program is:

for

libraries, like

file,

one that
Z3LIB,
and VLIB.
become COM
to command line to
from HEX using
REL

files

$1 h: SAK lbp6
Errors, cancel load ("C)?;era $1.bak;
$1.com;mload
$1;echo;echo
created?;
era
erase hex
ZAS

file

input;era $1.hex;else;fi

in case you wanted HEX file retained for
test of HEX file erasure,
later use. Command line is ZASH . File type (ft) is assumed as .Z80 and must
Such would be passed along with name.
not be entered
as part of file name (fn).
"era
$1.bak" would expand to "era fn.ft.bak" and that's not wanted!
Zilog mnemonics are easy—much easier than Intel--to learn, remember, and use.
MOV,
XCHG,
Best example,
LI) operation replaces
MVI, PCHL,
and
five (5) Intel ones:
beyond
8080
SPHL.
LD
You
Additionally,
handles operations
capability.
Intel's
and memory operand (data to be worked on) notation.
quickly learn register, immediate,
Source of data to right of operand comma, destination to left; memory data in parerrthesis but immediate and register,
not. So think not
difficult to learn
(no
mnemonics,
paths
and
Zilog/Hitachi
pun intended)
think
to efficiency, performance,
Note

conditional

speed.

Ikm't forget that one of the best ways to learn assembly language programming
is
And, we know of no
disassemble
working
programs,
ones you have source code for!
to
REVAS4
handles
than REYAS.
Furthermore,
new, destined-to-changebetter disassembler
HD64180
microcomputer-world,
this were a perfect world,
Hitachi
instructions.
you
Intel's 8086/80286 would have been upward compatible
with 8080/Z80 microprocessor;
REVAS
and
Unique
manual
know
not,
over 80 pages) guides you
and promotes
throough
phases of disassembly
quick code learning.
disk space, David McCord (Z-Node Central Sysop) has
For those with
This allows you to group .COM
"A good solution is the Z3 CMDRUN
advice.

(If

it's
all

Page 2

isn't!)

limited

(it's

facility.

Z-News

209

will not be forced to dedicate storage
entry]
for each file, because library files
[either an
block or directory
LRUNZ3
To
member
much
more efficiently.
set this up, get the
file in the
store
files
CMDRUN.COM
LRUNZ3.COM
and
place
the
here.
UTILITY:
Rename
on A15: .
fi1e'to
directory
and place in
Then, create a library file of the COM files you want named COMMAND.LBR
COMMAND.LBR
by just
A15: .
You should
now be able to invoke
any of the COM files in
tlíotigh
(e.g.,
SHOW)
the
prompt,
system
were not
just as
entering it's name
at
it
.LBR
the
ARCHIVE:
Again,
directory for some more
see
really actually inside a
file.
info on the CMDRUN function of ZCPR3." Please don't install (load) any of the four Z3
along file search path—there's
a logical search
you have CMDRUN.COM
error handlers
if
conflict!
files into

library
allocation
a

(.LBR)

file,

where

you

"The timehascome."
the Walrussaid,
7bspeakofmanythings.
Ofshoesandshipsandsealingwar,
Ofcabbagesandkings."

,2)

G
U

m= .

- "

\
_

r\ r.

regarding
Questions
domain status of ZCFR3
Fúblic Drmaín Status of Echelon Software:
and other EI products
103
discussed
coming
again.
our position and
are
in
Newsletter
Z3NOTE.MSG
has
changed.
Z-Nodes
gives
nothing
also
details of our status.
file on
We
companies
are aware that several mail-order, for-profit,
are offering packaged
ZCPR3
don't
these
companies
have
software for sale. If
a license from EI they are
probably
unintentionally selling our software illegally. We hope they apply and get
Echelon's
You can help!
know that Echelon would welcome
Let such companies
team.
on
ZCPR3
them
(and ZRDOS)
arrangement
signing
up with a license
software.
to sell

Questíon AntythÍng Not Understood: Computer literacy, for many, appears to stifle
Though increased
thinking, certainly a step backwards, not wanted.
quantity of paperwork always results,
quality is something else. It's good to do some tliirígs
What we don't use, we
occasionally by hand, add a column of numbers now and them
lose!
And a brain is a terrible
such
Z-News 109, pg 3,
put
category.
thing to
into
and 203, also pg 3, let us have
the
teeth--question results, even those produced
it inspreadsheet
We
by computing
machines.
Understand
model's
way-of-thinking.
say again
(thou9h,
don't
South
Pole
times,
we
feel
we plant daisies in
ice):
at
simply be an
end-user,
be
be
best-of-class!
elitist,
Subconscious
Business Management
Character:
action, if fundamentals
of Life are
leads
human
Kckiw (never learned),
fear (non-receptivity to thirigs new), bogus
to
milt (self-blame), lack of self-determination (simple re-action), and social detachment (avoiding emotional pain).
American big-business produces
few individuals
We
elevated
produces
few who expend Cosmic Conscious
far-sighted-ness,
to
energy.
than
into
thinking
more
trap
profits
important
quality of life (if
next-quarter
fall
any) our grand
experience.
Long live principles
children (when grown-up)
of
will
Sílent Spr: ing author, Rachael Carson, and Stanford University Prof. Frederick Terman!
This Earth is substance more erÁuring (holy) than all bio1oUcal life--homo
sapiens
are but a small aspect of this life.
Until each human becomes a sphere, this
HONOR!
planet is our MO= and FATHF* the only commandment:
If we honor, all
falls/rises
into place; else, face survival uncertainty,
(endif).

See you

down

the

lines...
Echelon,
101

Inc.

First Street

94022
Los Altos, CA
Telephone:
415/948-3820
Z-Node Central: 415/489-9005

Page

Z-News

209

SB180,
Trademarks:
8080/85/88/86/186,

COMM180,

Intel;

HIJ63484/64180,
Hitachi; Z80/800, Zilog;
WY-50/350,
Micro Devices;
Wyse Technology;
REYAS,
DSD,
Term3,
Zas, Zlink, ZDM,
Z-Msg,
respective owners and authors; MOSART,

Micromint;

TKBBS,

9580/81,

Advanced

ZCPR3,
ZRIXJS,
Z-Tools,
Z-System,
Z-Com,
Lasting-Value
Software,
Echelon and
XE1201/03,
Xecom; NSC800, National.

their

S e

FREE!
+

is Copyright 1985 Echelon, Inc..
automatically
wholly or partially,

209

Z-News

reprint,
Echelon.

Echelon,
101

Inc

All Rights

granted

Permission to
credit is given to

Reserved.
source

i-rst Street
Los Altos, ca 94022

%
"" , ,~T \

usa

-<._)2!

mj ,,., IIIYIIIfllW|,.t,,
'?\

jud Newell
Canada
Remote
Systems
4691 Dundas
Street W
Isíington, Ont CANADA

M9A

1A7

Eche1on,lnc.

1985

26 August
301

Whorton
(Wichita, KS), VDO editor author, comes an alias to create
HJKE&GO
technique
Using
2.5a,
Version
having
different defaults.
flavors of
PA), two or more versions of editor are availsuggested
by Bruce Morgen (Warminster,
pokes.
able with sin¿le copy on disk!
See Z-News 107 and 109 for WordStar
Alias,
VON,
Command elements
of alias:
call
in sample command line: VIN [fMt].

Z TIPS:

jim

From

VDO,

1
2
3
4

—>
—>
—>
—>

POKE

1A5C

FOKE
GO

into memory from declared
Set help level, O1=expert, ó2=regu1ar,
bet insert toggle, O0=OFF, 80=ON
:
VDO
with any supplied argíments
Load

100 AO:VDO.COM
1817 03;

GET

VDO.COM

DO;

drive
03movice

Z3.ENV,
Jim finishes a version of
Descriptor (SYS.ENV,
that uses ZCER3 Environment
ZC.ENV)
and
Hope he includes recognition of DU
for terminal and system definition.
Coding
and DIR directory reference
forms,
of system environment.
as well as knowledge
We
welcome his
makes these additions easy.
with VLIB, Z3LIB, and SYSLIB subroutines
fast, memory-oriented
editor @s a proper Z-System
Jay Sage's
VALÍAS
bottle-neck!
big hit--breaks alias-creation/modification
the
commands
jay's program permits changing,
retypirg
addim,
individual
without
or
whole alias.
And
screen oriented with
in-context help so easy to use.
Z-80
Rumor has
that Bruce Morgen
tightening the code using ZAS and
mnemonics.
Conn's MKALIAS takes a different
Meanwhile,
Richard
but just as
path.
Can't wait to release
More about
both alias
matures.
as
During
the same period, Richard
has produced a virtual cornucopia
of new Z-System
LHELP
and updates.
Look for just-out lrun,
using
programs
library
CRC,
automatic
techniques,
updates
and
Also
XI),
DIFF,
unsqueeze
new
more.
a
to
set of
and VLIB.
Find
SYSLIB, Z3LIB,
routines, LULIB, is being added to REL library
foursome
source code on some Z-Nodes!
Simultaneously,
he finished new SYSLIB, Version
3.3, offering many additional
MO), quick
(Columbia,
from cNtomer Don ljelwood
routines. Stimulated by suggestions
Richard
developed
eighteen
(18) computed-GO'ID
he
and CASE
While
routines.
at
added a Unix-style
(ARGV)
and
New
several
arithmetic
routines.
IF
parser
SYSLIB grows in
routines in Version 3.2 and 3.3 greatly assisted in writing Term3.
checked-out)!
has "libraries"
strength, more to come (Richard
On
subject of libraries, Martin Murray (Austin, TX), author of NULU super library
ZCPR3
manager,
is said to be making his program a
utility—hurray!
VERROR
Be sure to\get
and
Pomerleau's
Paul
Has
new
handler.
commands on the spot.
WordStar-like editor to alter unexecutable
Similar to ERROR23,
but for those with different
taste.
So
Z-System!
support
many new
worthwhile to read what Richard
Conn had to say about creating
"I encourage everyone to enjoy their ZCFR3
and
system,
Read his
write tools for
contribute them to the user community."
12 November
1984
4.
commentary
009,
in
Newsletter
pg
VDO

utility.

it's

built-in,

full

fruitful
utilities!

utilities

ldir,

trio

it,

string

still

file

full

try

utilities

it,

Z-Node

utilities,

built-in

It's

full

Activity:

Three new nodes started operation during fortnight.
Chicago suburb
#5,
Ron
@-megabytes
Stone,
Node
has
(Lisle)
online. Such capacity shares
with Node #15, Richard jacobson, in greater Windy City arem Contact Ron
(and Z-Msg) by dialing 312/420-1722.
Richard's
312/649-1730.
number remains
Z-Node #28 Sysop,
London,
Stanley
informs us he
up and running inAurora
CO.
(Denver),
His mile-lÜgh number is 303/680-9825.
Welcome!
Marvin
Eyre,
Z-Node #37 Sysop,
is up...p1ans to expand soon to hard
Robards,
502/521-7011.
node
KV,
disk operatiom Call his
at
You asked for
You now have it—a compiled
Zof current Z-Nodes
NODESjST)!
sysop name, city, state, zip code, and telephone
number
be kept upSysop,

call-traffic

it!

list

will

(file

Z-News 301

(remote

to-date.

As RAS
Z-Node
a
leaving message

and descriptive than BBS expresaccess system,
more accurate
chames
is a
we'll update in timely fashiom You help by
occur,
you see inaccuracies in
Also don't forget, especially
you use Tandy machines, Jon Schneider
El
(The Pass Sysop) to handle
Paso,
Jon joins Richard
Peterson
in southwest
His number is 915/592-4976;
Richard's,
915/821-3638.
Texas area.
SiOn;

RAS)

Notice

DISCAT Owners:

return your
enhancement,

original disk,
simply a fix.

Amateur Z User's Comer:
least on-surface, from their

=""""'"'=

found and
we update

iI-'""
'

", .y eé1"\
{ \)

""""""'"""'

it's

CATSCAN.

not

an upgrade

you

or
at

fication, to learn little from potential
proclaimed:
Let
perpetual experience.
it be accomplishpersonal
rom
ication
comes
gratif
f
rnent thmWh work—work
that changes, adds to
your Being.
Frustration over-come gracefully
develops extended
character, a character

,.
l

/ C'

bug

grati-

F71(

fixed output-to-printer
free! This we owe you;

expect much more than received,
comers to computers
increase,
Most want instant productivity
systerrs.

L,'"""
,, G

traffic

New

- f: '"~ +: >¢"'Rw...~.,

,m"^,
~"4":
á "j

file.

tender

as a Lotus,

tough

as a stone.

Happi-

is path followed, not destination to
: ' ,'
' )
:
arrive
at!
It comes f rom each achievement
|É
/ L
béiñ9
perceived
as hkher (greater, of more
,
i" ' —----—
\\>Á$
So, when
im?ortance)
any previous.
than
" m
4
m '
don't
go
as
thíngs
planned,
\1
computer acts
)
»
_7LL
i,
agaYist
your intentions,
relax—study again
b"
L
,/
,"'
ó
available material--try again. From such
),
¢l,j,
— i
/"S" j'
_
efforts we learn what we don't know, what we
,
¥
,
'
how computer
works,
how we
i
are,
in! Z~-7;"
,¥
/ 1 '
fit
ft ,
'I,
System
destined
be
golden
.'T' ,
boys
users
-'
are
to
)
.Z>
y=.
': '.'
and
marvelous
decade.
p"
of this
girls
:"\ ""-_ _ ^
'k
"
'
We
,
)
>.
wait
for early Spring (of Life), when
l
'
bloom
and robins sing!
flowers
m—
{
,
i
Now,
A
disk drives and their number.
I ÜI
C., +
because
system
not
easy to use
one-disk
0\
is
of
,6/
(El
making backups.
There are singleiculty
diff
"
..
.
dríve copy programs that make operat1ons
as
~
l
convenient
_j
as possible, but still process
is
A
time consuming and distracting.
two-drive
1'¿
has been standard
—
system
with most desktop
N"G\ r "':y"" =S:
" :JES
"
'
'" "
swapping
Here,
h
computers.
"
disk
is greatly
"' K : :'
reduced,
but still much removing of system
The
"Within, we find our Eagle!"
disk (boot disk) with data disks occurs.
ideal minimum for maximum ease of use is
Drive
A contains system
application programs;
three (3)!
utilities and often-used
data disk with Drive C used for automatic
Drive B backup.
Drive B holds working
and physical)
More than three drives (logical
simply are needed as storage
increase,
requirements
otherwise making number of files per directory too large (Z
We
personally prefer less than 100
supports 32 directories
per 1ogica1 drive).
72
DU
reference).
VFILER handles
DIR
up to
entries per user area (directory,
files
or
display; more than 144 on a directory slows down operations having to
per screen
switch throuigh three or more screens to cover all files.
Notice the situation represented by menus of MENU.LBR (128k-byte file on ZAC
Nodes).
of ZRDOS archives certain files after they chance without operator
Of course,
Drives
A and B are normally 1ogica1s
of sin¿le physical hard
concern.
C,
disk; and
high-capacity (greater than 36Ok-byte) floppy.

: "'

t ^

oí

"·-

\JA

Page

tt,j\
+

—

>>"

_-·

ness

Z-News

301

aspects
in understanding
helpers.
free to contact one of our good—neighhr
of
Riese volunteers are listed in file Z-HELPR8.BBS on Z-Nodes.
All are ready to assist
and
Z3
Apple
Steven
is an
pushing you over some hurdle.
expert. His number is
McDonald,
him
(and
Thom
Doug
both Apple experts, at
802/658-4793. Try
or Kevin
and other good-neighbor
helpers
408/253-1306 and new 408/462-3731, respectively)
before
They
and
us!
'want
too.
your calls
calling
letters,
From

ZCFR3

VT):

Steven Hirsch (Bmlimton,
should
and Z-System
feel

those

needing

help

We
request
Softvare Btig Reporting:
that our"Software Update Form" be used for all
We
suggestions
simply cannot
reporting plus
relative to products
or services.
The
comprehend
form suggests the
from verbal inputs your requests.
efficiently
Please!
information we need to act on your problems and enhancement suggestions.

bug

More
Time: ZCPR3 and ZRDOS programs (Z-System) are not public domaim..copyWhile
by
Richard
Com and Dennis
we welcome
righted
Wright, assigned to Echelom
ZRDOS),
ZCPR3
enhancing
(we
users
we are final authority as to acceptaprograms
changes.
I) from Z-Node Central (either from
of
Procedure
updating:
direct chat with David McCord or with posted message) obtain permission
to work on
2) then obtain latest version of program
(ZCFR3)
froin
of Z-Node
area
3)
agreed
updated
and
upon period of
Central,
finally,
version within
return your
extension
time, or determine
is possible. So much extra work has been caused by
out
some few who have used other than latest versions, or didn't check
enough to
Only one version may be active at once!
ideas
your
are sigriificant
way.)
Echelon
Understand,
then
proceed
supports
separate
warrant
program
name,
that
OEM's
VAR'S
business)
these programs
and
be
and
which
must
cannot
(without
with
we
in
So
absolute
be
maintain
control.
One

bility

for

fix

file,

official

(If

file

first.

it!

From

Page One of
complex phenomena,

of
Manual: "In the development
of our understanding
the
powerful tool available to the human intellect is
between
certain
abstraction.
Abstraction arises from a recognition of similarities
and
the
the
objects, situations, or processes in
decision to concentrate
real world,
and to ignore
on these similarities,
for the time being the differences."
%
commands, both resident and utility, manual has
Iri addition to explaining over
MENU
chapters
covering
and VMENU,
HELP,
individual
online
Shells, VFILER, and m.
Usiríg ZEX is make clear as well as how to use the four
Also packed
error handlers.
how
and
personal
now!
Z3..€et
with details on
use
your
copy
to inqtal1
Still only
We
$19.95, plus shipping and handling.
offer a 25% discount to those buying 5-49, 33%
for 50-249, and 40% over 249. Shippiñ9 from stock!
Call 415/948-3820
to order with
UPS-COD.
Visa or Mastercard,
or for
ZCPR3:

The

most

Paradox?
ning is
thoughts

Farsightedness
and 1iviñ9 in the-now
go together, is not paradoxical. Plana now (present)
functiom Using what's available presently (created by past
and doirigs)
produces
future environment.
Detroit auto-industry started with
fuel-efficient
four-cylinder engines to power their cars, moved to V-8's, and now has
Are you
returned to four's. Are you going along with crowds and popular movements?
learnirg, becoming what you could be? Are you creating your efficient environment
in
spite of contrary trends?
(Tried California white Zinfandel?) When
resourceconserving El-bit systems
using assembly language
coding gain popularity?
IT'S UP m YOU!
Turbo-four or V-8, the same job gets done; but, one is substantially
more efficient,
less brutish, more sapient. Homo sapiens, become thrice sapient! See
you down the lines...

will

Echelon,
101

Inc.

First Street

94022
Los Altos, CA
415/948-3820
Telephone:
Z-Node Central: 415/489-9005

Page

Z-News 301

SB180,
Trademarks:
8080/85/88/86/186,
Z-System,

ZCPR3,

COMM180,

Intel;

HIK3484/64180,
Hitachi; Z80/800, Zi1og;
WY-50/350,
Micro Devices;
Wyse Techno1ogy;

Micromint;

ÍIKBBS,

9580/81,

Advanced

Z-Tools,
Z-Com,
Software,
Echelon
and
Lasting-Value
XE1201 /03, Xecom; NSC800, National.
ZRDOS,

their

Zas,

Zlink,
respective

REVAS,

ZDM,

Z-Msg,

and

owners

DSD,

authors;

Term3,
MOSART,

áÉ<
Z

Z-News

reprint,
Echelon.

..t.

you FREE,

301

All Rights

,J,3

-" Y - '

/;j

Echelon,

Inc.
l0l First Street
Los Altos, CA 94022

..:

'i'

source

" fm
Á|.t..:

¿:
': " '
'" Y i

Permission to
credit is given to

Reserved.

granted

""
-

-,.j ,n

>Á

t !

qií

j'hJ

jiíd

'íí

r''S,.,.~, .3,..

K:c'\\'t"|}

Systt-'i'm
q(ia Rernoie
vc
j¢Í9l f..)}ir|(]as Strt"t't
·'íl"A
lsli71gt,(-)]'í,
can

(""'¿)l):

l)lÚ

?ii19i\

1á7

jnj'í

~ , él
i-. '

i bi

.
i"" ÍJ q j:
:
L
,'
'
L,. '
·

"mD

· 'L-: :,A'4"" "~m¿: "
""
} -.lisa"
.,}_
wá)±"

Echelon, Inc.

z-ms

l'D3

Sftrl.('rn|)pr

302

understood
and probably
Z TIPS:
An obscure
feature oí ZCPR3 is th,-ü (}l itgrj¡"É.
CMD
and SHSET
commands.
converted
Any prograni
is
into a shell by usín¿·; Ñ!st"r (Ill
Command (verb)
used
is
to permit application programs to know how tO !"t·'tÉÉt 't 1(1 t!'tr mselves
(in addition to beirig user interfaces, accepting
inputs, and ém"t Ut iu': ('{")j"!,-mands).
For example,
SHSET WS makes WordStar
into a shell and théíú">". ii') w: iy r :
CMD
'-'i .ap;t',
walk."
(-ííj
Suddenly,
get out of!
short of cold booting your machine!
lends a hand, and allows you to have your way with computer.
Use SHSET WS;(MI)-'c: :.' .iú
CMD
command or alias,
then on existing WordStar,
Ty'ping
at ilti-·- µm.n(
runs.
low changeu to occur
exits shell (with ERROR message set, permitting directional
and see possibilities
Try them, experiment,
more commands are on line).
for iÍnµrQviIjE:
your environment.
VALÍAS is out!
Get
reníarkabje job of
from our nodes...jay Sage did
making
H-is
aliases under Z-System easier to create and modify with this
TESTERR
program,
an alternate to FINDERR,
is another for us who use ZAS arid the like.
too presently is on many Z-Nodes.
Along the way, Richard
Conn has finished (at least for now) our library support
tools. New era begins--they run only on Z80/NSC800/HD64180 computers using ZCPR3 (){
LGET
LHELP
HLP/HQP
from within library
Z-System!
processes
extracts
LLF
and LX executes
Tools,
specified COM
in libraries.
LUZ3.LBEL
TY.)
(Dallas,
Richard
and Martin Murray
work
on most Z-Nodes,
are in
Z3
together to make NULU a
tool!
What makes a ZCPR3
(tool) is described clearly on pages of 229 and 230 of
the ZCPR3
Manual.
Routines
in Z3LIB reduce task essentially to a few subroutine
(dRAsÉ
(WordStar
MicroPro
3.0 and 3..3), Sorc"im/IUS
Let's get Ashton-Tate
calls!
(SuperCalc
T/Maker
(T/Maker
and Microsoft (Multiplan) to enhance their 8ZCPR3 tOO! status!
Would you buy them as upgrades
to youi
programs to
We would!
Enough said?
presently owned versions?

little

it.

it,

truly

utility.

files;

bit

files
files

files,
lists all files,
file
full
utility

II),

full

III),

II),

Article describing SB180 and Z-System in September BYTE Magazine hit the spot!
possible, especially Mr. Steve
to all who contributed to make commentary
Ciarcia of "Circuit Cellar." (Eight-bit lives--move over 16-bitters and make space
for us!) But wait, there's much more to come; watch remainiw f row-now-to-end-of-year
issues
of not only BYTE but many other magazines and newspapers.
WOW!

Thanks

Get Letters: _ From William A. Dunn, SpriIlgfie1d, OR, "I am pleased
with the software but was
rustrated with your documentation.
I am looking forward to the manual
which
(Manual
"Keeµ
order.)
I ordered last week."
was shipped
same day we received
GREAT
the
work!"
commands Alan,
Cathy,
and Cynthia
Leonia,
And Vií"gi1
Foust,
up
NJ.
Cooper, Carpintería, CA writes, "Gracious
Al Hawley responded
to iny message by phoniríg
."
observes:
this evening...
Larry Geller, Tokyo, JAPAN,
"I noticed that each issue
of Z-News is costing you about one dollar to mail...enciosed
find check for $24.00 to
help cover those mailings... ." Thanks,
Larry, wish more people understood
as you!
Nc),
Paul Naitoh,
San Diego, CA, asks, "Do I need a hard disk to en joy Z3?"
Paul ,
know
two drives, each with 360k-bytes
as you now
needed!
Lot: ',
rnore
are
capacity,
or
4
,Cd_i
Kaypro
of
folks are enthusiastic users; magaz ine,/new,spaµer columnists
tors Bruce
PA)
Morgen (Warminster,
and Ted S"ilve1 ra (Santa Cruz, CA) are two such!

New Policy:
You who receive
hardcopy
version of Z-News and also download
f ror,í a 7.Node may notice that download
version is available only after you have received mailed
CA)
Thanks to Rea Williams (El Toro,
edition.
for instructing us about fairrlf!sgt:
those
who pay for Z-News should
receive
Those who obtain it- oríly froní ZNodes, essentially
Phasing
for cost of phone call, get
later.
set: Z-News mde
is behind mailers by up to a fortnight (two weeks]!

file

it first!
it

Z-News 302

Card:

Report

All

books

and

copies

Terrii3 ordered
have been shipped.
These two
have
had
you
an order with us for more than
drop
Our records are not
three
please
us a note.
perfect, neither are we. Write us
you should have received
an order and haven't.
we
Again
thank
you for being
patient--the ordeal is over for us, and for you.
we
Never again
get ourselves
into such a helpless position of not being able to
what
responsible
syndrome).
control
we were
for creating (Frankenstein/monster
items

were back-ordered
for so long...if
weeks,
and haven't received

it,
if

will

We repeat
Éúmteur Z User's Corner:
Lewis Carroll
qj" -_
(Rev. Charles
Lutw"idge Dodgson,
1832-1898)
"
frag' ,
.l
AHce
WóMerland
merit,
and
TMuü9h
rom Ms
<,
ín
J-the IÁK)kiug Glass series, because
reprel l '
.;':'1·
sents so closely what we do:
many d1scus_
"
,(,
-7
,
from
s:ion levels, abruptly shifting
para7 .
.
The tune
has come," the Walrus said,
CÍ
""
grapÍi to paragraph;
but w1th1n each, con_
"""
'To speak of many things.
These shifts
sistency is maintained.
;) m" /"Á "" "
"
"
and sealing
Of shoes and ships
wax,
always produce movement leadíng to
"- -F 7,í/ _ "kings."
cabbages
and
:
Of
z - "l
creatíon of mental sp: u"a1--never
l
i,
k_
línear, never to be understood
as ups
m,
and downs,
higPter
or lower, as
but
climbing or descendirg
a ladder,
l
soaring
multi—
vast
rather like
over
dimensional (more than four)
You are center of attention
and producer
tory—observing, feeling, and doing.
of
motion! Please don't forget what and who you (and we) could be. Act (not react)

terri-

while re-acting (feeling)!
We
wish mad hatter (hacker) would convince his editor to send us samples of
We
(subscription to) their slick Canadian magazine (Computek).
may want to place
an
ad, among other things.
Magazine
contains a wonderful
B-bit
-'"
column written by one who cares,
feels. Our kind of folk!
,

yñí

Welcome to mid-state Z-Node //34!
Sysop Rod
CA,
needs
You
Visalia,
callers.
central Californ- A
,
209/739-8303.
""
¿\
íans let hin know what you tlnnk of Z-System;
R.
Here's
chance
Mark
'
a
to see
coinmumty Aves:
,
'
//33,
Evans,
Node
having
understanding
how
potential
is
trouble
.,,
,
He
to get his system up as a RAS.
wants to learn; who wishes
'
®Cj
you can offer assistance,
to help?
contact him at 1720
N
,,,/
TX
76904.
Utah,
Angelo,
San
Please!
l:l?
'lj
'!
' li.,(l";l!j
·'·"
j )'
While at
200 Oklahoma
, / l,
C
we might look into Thomas
' F7
·.
t
,,qj
'
Áf_t. ,
Street, Anchorage, AK 99504; Richard Driscoll, 400 North 30th
and Robert
Paddock,
Street, Phoenix, AZ 85008, 602/267-0504;
__.
Box 167A, RD //1, Summit Drive, Franklin, PA 16323, 814/432_
3647.
These nodes may need assistance
^a7"Á>==EEI
getting up.
Bob
Finch,
Node #21, our ham radio packet
network
expert,
"And now . . ."
should
have a dial-in
then,
line soon;
you Los Angeles
him by radio for transfers.
His call is
area hams can cont.act
600 KHZ; IN N5CXB,
band f requency
N5CXB-!,
Bob
on 2-meter
of 146.745 MHz OUT/DQWN
Other metropolitan area hams, who presently operate
Finch.
packet
networks,
wanting
to tie landlines to radios using Z-Node concept should contact us, or Z-Node #2, Al
One
213/649-3575.
day, when satellite
Hawley,
voice:
repeaters
are available,
be
through
Z-Nodes!
Earth
tied together
Wanting
more
jay Sage installed a 2400 bps modem...try his Boston-suburb
617/965-7259.
Remember, Jay's a
Z-Node //3 for Z-System
information and to get
downloader
EI
of
proprietary programs.
_

),Í),, )1¡'

Z-Node
Blackman,

"\")

hrr"
,
-vI
:,¿,/

:Á'±"
·,,, 'um
l

Actívity:

íf

it,

Á====í>

Hill,

until

will

full

Page

all

traffic,

files:

Z-News

302

(in Z-News 209, pg 2, first line) that
simultaneously giviw full explanation
material
why,
has
been
big stumblirig block for many. So we deliver details to remove those
of
(mental)
remember,
read through
explanation (and everything else) seven times:
blocks;
1 and 2.
Use your finger to help
Skim material twice, quite rapidly.
Readirigs
and
ideas,
and phrases,
words
and
paragraphs.
Key
words,
lines,
your eyes play over
framework
the
take
gain
begin
from.
You
thought-flow,
concepts
a
of
a feeling
to
making next step more powerful.
much more slowly and carefully.
Read material now from beginning,
Readirrng 3.
and
deep
Use dictionary
Pause to re-read and ponder
thoughts.
new ideas
for unwords.
familiar
4 and 5.
but not quite so rapidly as
Readings
Skim over material twice again,
deeper.
This is a more leisurely
key
Let
concepts
two
even
sink
in
times.
first
skim.
Pause at any word looked up in dictionary and make sure you know both basic
and
meaning of word,
its meaning in present context. Sometimes the thought expressed
by a particular
word or phrase
is so new that it's difficult to grasp at once, even
help!
IXj
not
worry
dictionary
with
at this point. Future readings add clarity.
Now
6.
again with extreme
Readiw
Now, read material from beginning
is
care.
deeply.
Try
impress
the time to really pause,
ponder,
obtain
digest,
to
to
to
to
essential, inner feeling of messages, even thoiugh you may not understand them fully or
Try at this point to read material aloud!
grasp completely at this stage.
Readiríg
7.
skim.
Somewhere between
slow
your leisurely skim and your
a
It's
#3.
bathe
reading,
enjoy,
yourself in new insights and
careful
is
time
to
to
first
It
comes (in next octave)!
viewpoints opening up to you...new understanding
There you have it—we do our best to explain.
Never think that learning someBut keep
thirig new, really new, comes quickly or easily. GREAT EFFORT IS INVOLVED!
reading
understand—what
even if you think you don't
comes later (down the lines)
explains what came before, following natural back-and-fill (smoothinú concept.

again:
U!
read
everyone

Foot

put

Suggesting
mouth!
seven (7) times, without

into

follows? Bottom of page 5, Newsletter 007, 15 October
1984,
people
we addressed
clone-magazines, copy-cats,
with less-than—constructive
ideas.
Our present
observation is: too many editors put out cookie-cutter editions
of their publication. The mold is supplied by advertisers, and journal after journal
As we scan 30 to 40 publications a month we notice a thread,
use it!
one of indoctriSo
few magazines
have the staff to even edit a news
nation rather than education.
release
much less investigate news and write their own reports.
If the release Oh!wasn't
how
styled by producer for individual magazine format, it simply isn't run...sad!
We
sad!
leading
wonder what is free in what they generally do...free1y
A free press?
or freely following'?
Clearly our trade journals show little leadership; so many seem detached,
unemotional, have little PURPOSE of their own (other than make money as prime goal).
We
They use pre-formed
mold to produce
their offerings.
are the losers for it, but
who
allow situation to exist.
it's us
(but not
Most magazines
all) follow standard Madison Avenue criterion for ad
Consequently,
space cost, keyed to numbers of paid subscribers.
subscription prices
main
coming
from advertisers!
Any wonder
are low—this results in
source of revenues
who controls magazine contents?
Roses don't grow on stalks of clover. When
corn seed
peach
don't
up!
is planted,
come
trees
Is this observation faulty?
Time to take a
stroll, feel cool breeze coming in from the Pacific. Listen to
swaying
palms and pines in coast town of Pescadero,
and there sip some white Zinfandel
Duarte's
Mrs.
and
bar.
the lines...
down
See
you
at
restaurant
Echelon,
Inc.
101
First Street
94022
Los Altos, CA

Leadership!

Who

leads

and who

Telephone:
Z-Node Central:

415/948-3820
415/489-9005

Page

Z-News 302

Trademarks:
NSC800,

SB180,

COMMISO,

National;

Z-Tools,
Value Software,
Xecom.
ZRDOS,

HD63484,'64180,

Microrríint;

TKBBS,

Hitachi;

8080/85,
Intel; WY-50/ /85 350, Wyse Technology;
RF.VAS,
TERM
Z-Corn, Zas, Zlirik, ZDM,
Z-Msg, DSD,
Echelon
and their respective owners and authors;
75

Z80 /800,

Zilog;

ZCPR3,
Z-System,
Term3, LastingMOSART,
XEl201/03,

III,

sets

FREE!

Z-News

reprint,
Echelon.

Echelon,
101
Los

302

All Rights

granted

Reserved.

credit

source

W'"JS-

SK"Rj

Inc.

First Street
Altos, CA 940??" "

{

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M -IÍ
T" ,,,,, IIIfÉ[l!l'¶||I¶IíI
.

@9
4 November

1985

306
We
are asked to recommend high
We
under
development
Z-System.
reply,
and VLIB),
these are best used:
Z3LIB,

Forbid.

Heaven
program
SYSLIB3,

level

(HUS)

languages

you

must

use

for application
(instead of

an HLL

Language Compilers
Software,
Inc.
MA
02238
P.O. Box 2368, CaÍnbridge,
617/576-3828

Execution
Fastest
Good Code Density
C
Non-Unix

Software
Toolworks
#1118
15233 Ventura
Blvd.
91403, 818/986-4885
Sherman Oaks, CA

Best Code Density
Good Speed
C
Non4jnix

Manx Software
P.O. Box 55,
201/530-7997

Unix

BIE

C/80

Aztec

Turbo

Shrewsbury,

Pascal
Borland
International
4585 Scotts Valley Drive
Scotts Valley, CA 95066
800/255-8008
to order
800/556-2283
for nearest

Pascal

07701

Fair
Fair

c coI!fu)atibi1ity
Speed
Code Density

Compiler

Overall Value
Interactive Structured

Hi9h

dealer

Program Development
Neither Fast nor Dense Code
New
Pascal Standard

million ways (literally) to configure and assemble ZCPR3!
implementation (which we use here at EI) contains only SAVE, GO, GET,
CP
(command processor)
commands;
as intrinsic
other resident (in-memory)
TYPE,
REN,
FOKE,
ECHO,
C(o)P(y),·
P(eek),
LIST,
IF, ELSE, FI (endif) are
m,
Normally,
DIR is a transient, i.e., from disk.
in dynamically loadable RCPS and FCPS.
CCP
CP
(console
command processor,
but resident
for short) occupies fixed 2k-bytes;
packages,
each of 2k-bytes,
when functional requirements
demand difcan be loaded
(MU3
ferent commands, e.g., DEBUGRCP
for debugging programs versus more
as segment)
from RCP loaded for public callers.
A sysop's RCP is different
common SYS.RCP.

Z TIPS.
Standard
and JUMP
commands

There's

over

ZCPR3

Cabbages

Kings.

being in barn, November is season of thaiiksgiving in
to reflect on things for which we are grateful. Our life
with continuous
health is one; but mainly we focus on you, especially you who are
learning while supporting what we do. By name, Marvin Eyre, Dennis Wri9ht, Dave
McCord,
Kathy
Stough,
Robert
Patrick O'Connell,
Doolittle, Al Hawley, Jay Sage, Al

USA

culture.

and
We

wish
good

Harvest

here

IMnsmuir,
Charles
McMannis,
Robert Peddicord,
Richard
Mead, and Bruce Aschenbrenner.
And Dreas Nielsen, Bruce Morgen,
Ted
Paul Pomer1eau,
Tim Linehan,
Robert
Tate,
Rea Williams, Nug Thom, Norman Beeler,
Norm Gregory,
Marilyn Bailey,
Richard
Jacobson,
Terry Smythe, Ed Unrein, Charles Hoffman, Michael Ward, jud Newell,
Arrnon Tippitt,
and finally,
Richard
Conm
More could be added, but these few we consciously
believe have made possible what
Those others get
we do.
thanks
nonetheless,
those
workers who do in silence
our
without notice. We know they need not their names listed here. But without them, our
We
species
would
have long ago perished.
applaud
but certainly
our continued,
un-

Silveira,

certain,

Some

more...we

survival!
few

WONDER

where

work from natural

drive, courage (?), enthusiasm,
forces...forces flowing through

our

WONDER
comes from.
no
you, from Eternity...
Time of E.B. White's
classic

forces beyond TIME and space, beyond Mother Earth, Father
Charlotte's Web...forces of LAW, law which cannot be broken but which regulates
because of your energy.
All,..we were v'ague and general,
now vivid and particular

Z-News 306

Ye Get

world.
Forest,

" ...fdisk format} standardization is indeed much
no details
on formats were giverí... " declares

Letters.
However,

Sorry Mark, we are working
on a standards
Z-News 207 wanted to let everyone
as soon as finished.
Hardware
manufacturers
disk formats we feel are best.
should use existing formats, the ones that are best for
PA,
Dale Updegrove
"I
rom Phoenixville,
writes
latest Z-News before the two weeks are up...Echelon
V&

business...is interested in supplyirig
Thañks!
Dale,
profit."
we needed that.
regard Z-System
as we do; profits come
pg 7, to know an aspect
of our business).

needed for B-bit
Mark Sihlanick,
document
now, to be published
know we were fostering a few
designing
new B-bit computers
speed and capacity.
find myself looking for your

like a club than a
[in making] more

more
more support rather than
short-term task is
our major
from aspirations, attitude (see

getting you to
newsletter 009,

Bob's
Z-Node
A warm welcome
to new Z-Node #44 and Sysop Robert Gear.
He
Phoenix,
and is a
AZ, number is 602/279-2762
for us in Arizona.
is int.erested in ham radio packet
networks,
as are other noders Bob Finch and John D'Ausilio.
Bob's '%ktur's" node serves
medical
Also,
information.
as central for despending
Ed
Unrein
His RAS in beautiful central Florida is
wants more non-local callers.

Activity.

a wonderland
telecommunicate

first

itself:

(one-day,

305/295-0844.
teleport I).

you

can't travel

there,

you

still

can

Loggiríg into a directory may be done two ways.
l) Ikfault
Amateur Z User's Comer.
and 2) current log-in occurs
when
command
rom
log-in occurs when performed
line,
f
performed
command
line,
default
programs;
on
rom
within
application
returning
to
f
disk/user area is returned
to, shows. Current can be made de·
"'Z= :+ -3
"" : C''j'"";'"¿¿
.
.
fault by declaration, e.g., in VFILER CMD scripts, command
g\,
"±±?í-?:
' 'i'j'
f'
clause "%d%u: ;" makes current directory the default.
While
"
," ;=
"
'
within VFILER, default is shown when "Z" letter-command is
Y.
,\. .:"
given
and command line prompt
shows at lower
- .-left of screen.
J"' '
!
always shows at upper
from Files or builtCurrent
either
==
left,
'·
, ,: "—!.
Help screens.
Of course,
'.
: \"= _
current and default szmultaneously
ín
"_-?"
"
" "
:
may be same directory.
"
}
When dealing
application
with other than Z-System
d; '
(most don't)
determine
'i
".:,
programs,
uses
application
current
.if Then, write your macro command linesor
?iÁ
l"j
E
only default directories.
:"' '
,¿,r
_
accordingly .
'l
, _ 3,
'"
Notice,
·b
in Z-News 305, bottom of pg 1, selective use of
X
J. "%d" and "%u" and actual dr: i-ve
"
',."
:q
d1sk/user
current
letter ("a"
."
'.ij(
"
J . m ,""
was
move
rom
therein)
designation
required
directory
reely
to f
f
"7s
JJAS'
WordStar
and
The WORD
from
VFILER,
have
to
i tt
directory
within
to
3/_,
When using with such application
^Plus function correctly.
advanced features of Z-SysYm
programs,
are absolutely required
"
"
and
resource-ut111zat1on
Uulx
automatíon
for
ef f1c1ency.
full
- --and
do
have
these
PC4X)S
not
features.
". . .and my current
Technically, for you budding hackers, default directory is
became default ."
contained
Page O,
as two nibbles at location 04 of Z-System
DO
FF
ZRDOS
hex.
Current
to
memory space
is stored locally within
buffer area.
Our shells with their powerful user interface have made concept
of current versus
Principle under vanilla CP/M was little developed, not much
default important.
thotight
not
of. Remember what user areas were like before SWEEP—they were simfy
m,
SWEEP,
MENU,
used!
DISK7 started the ball rM1im for
FRIENDLY
and
filer, vfiler,
VMENU.
We
Unix!
now have better flexibility than PC-DOS
or
hom.e.)
Recap:
default (some call
directory is the one shown by operating
system prompt.
Application programs and utilities may move f rom default by internal
command (log-in to new directory,
called current) but default is not changed, unless
by
changed at command line prompt,
declaration in a macro command.
or

,)"jiÍ

"
Ujj")@74f'

Page

Z-Systm
Frequently

details

used commands are
and remaining
these

MMA

306

gives
usage

full
and

facility

HELP
Online
here.
immediate
command line,
appropriate) by typiñ9

described
commands.
At

briefly

Z-News

//,
(if information is
Archive
Copy copies
location to another with verification
files from one Only
changed files need be copied.
option, while setting file archive attribute.
(V)ALIAS
used
The (V)ALIAS
an
Alias file and to display its
to create
utility is
expanded and resolved
An
syntax

help

is available

contents.
(with paraAlias is essentially a text script,
passing)
when the Alias program
meter
is run. Very complex command Lines, complete
with Flow Control (IF), can be included within an Alias.
ARIJNZ
used to execute
Extended
command processor
aliases within ALIAS,CMD files.
CD
CD
ORé
simultaneously running
from
directory
permits going
to another,
(ST.COM)
CD
environmental
to establish the desired conditions in a directory.
password
may require
to move to new directory.
CLEANDIR Removes ck-allocated references
in the disk directory track area,
to
in ascending or descending alpha order and packs the names
sorts the existing
together. Used often nearly guarantees
successful UNERASE.
(MIREN
Default name for extended command processor used, e.g., to execute COM
from COMMAND.LBR
Once entered
text typed at keyboard is ignored by operating system.
Useful
to output text to printer while not having the computer attempt to act on
"COMMENT"' prompt
(LANS).
provided.
Special
and in local area networks
disp1aying
Compare two
byte-for-byte match and difference.
match, differences, in both hex and ASCII,
eases comparison.
screen dísplay, showing
known
consoles
and
two
one of four printers
Selects one of
to system, and
line and page length, and whether form-feeds are available. Used by PAGE and PRINT.
Check on specified
Runs a Cyclic Redundancy
optionally creating a
Useful
of the values.
are identical.
to make sure
Sorted
DIR
default or declared
directory
with sizes (lengths) and disk
used
and
remaining
displayed
console
space
are
name or
with this command, by
on
type.
Displays directory name,
one, and PUBLIC
in directories.
IFA
Display
attributes:
read-only, read-write, archive, wheel byte writeprotected, etc. Wild card
declaration permitted.

file

files

file.

files

all

it,

Split-

files

crsu

=
file

files

Four

files

file

files

MJ3

files,

file
file
Disk Utility provides
command

full

screen-oriented

direct disk editor features.

screens
of
information are internally available by typing "?".
ECIK)
Text entered
at the command line is typed to screen without the operating
Useful
system acting on
to display messages from Aliases and between commands of
a multiple command line.
The ELSE command is FCP-resident
and toggles the Flow State.
the current
ELSE
IF condition is TRUE,
FALSE, and vice-versa.
toggles
to
ERA
The ERA
from disks.
is used to remove (de-allocate)
is
resident in either the RCP segment or in the ZCPR3 CCP module.
RMSE
The ERASE
is the transient counterpart of ERA.
is more powerful
than ERA,
containing many more options and features.
Five
dynamically installed by entering their command name.
error handlers
VERRDR
and ERROR2
from
command in
are screen
oriented; recovery
a non-executable
multiple command lines is handled gracefully and quickly.
The current
error handler is diseíigaged with this command.
FI is an FCP-resident
command which
FI
terminates the current IF. FI is the
same as ENDIF in concept
(there is no ENDIF command in Z-System).
FINDF
Searches
and disks in system.
for declared
user areas
in
Wild
card (? and *) and multiple
names permitted.
GUIU
used in flow-controlled
loops.
Unconditional branch in ZEX
The HELP command provides oMine documentation.
Typing HELP ZCPR3 or
ZRDOSI
covering
aspects
brings a menu of commands to peruse,
of Z-System
operation. mKjs: and ZCFR3: The
are used for further informatiom
IF is an FCP-resident
command which
IF
tests a condition and sets the Flow
the Flow Control State
Control State to True or False.
is False, only FCP-resident
commands are executed
with
other commands skipped.
LX
Run executable
from within library of files.
Other
library support
LGET, LHELP, and LLF.

it.

utility
utility

files

file

files

all

files;

m~1

utilíties:

all
files

all

Page

Z-News

306

MCOPY

copies
to and from
from an RC.P also copies
are menu subsyst erns under

files

directoríes.

provides
an easy way to
and opt' ionai1y
renames fil-es.')
ZCPR3.
MNU
These
and VMN menus are created
with
HELP
L"ile
your editor following rules detailed in
systení.
Narned
di recttíries are created
with MKDIR. Any Disk or User Area can be
given an up-to-eight-characteí
An access password
name.
is opt.: iona1ly perníitted with
each named directory.
MJ3
Memory
provides
Useful
to obdirect local íueruory (RAM) editing.
immediate
changes
selected
tcj
serve
areas of memory.
NOTE
but without special prorrípt arid active for only one line.
Similar ttj COMMENT,
Text typed is not acted upon by computer.
PAGE
The PAGE command sends text
to CRT console
for operator viewscreen
ing.
More than one
may be viewed sequentially, skipped,
with screen wordwrap
line length exceeds screen wídth.
PATH
search path.
Allows display and dynamic change of command-file
FRÍNT
The PRINT command provides
page printing of t.ext
on the printer.
CPSEL
and numbering,
Page heading
and sequential
selects the printer characteristics.
printing, with wordwrap, are available.
FRUIECT
singulax iy or in wildFiles are declared Read-Only, System, or Read-Write,
card
groups,
with PROTECT.
FUBLIC
accessible frorn any directory.
to declare directories global,
END
The PWD coínrnand Prints the names of available Working Di rectories.
QUIW
Entering QUIET reduces text output from certain crucial
programs,
CD,
LDR,
REG.
LX, PATH,
REN
Renaming
is performed
with resident REN or with the more powerful
back—up
(V)MFMJ

files.

(CP

~IR

Utilíty

file

files

full

files

file

Utility

files

utility

transient

RENAME

files

Strike Any Key is interactive glue, used in command lines to suspend execution for a specified time or cancel next operat ion, alert uperator with console
bell, cancel, or if operator not available, proceed af ter delay.
SFA
Set file attributes:
read-write, read-only,
archive, wheel byte writeWild card file declaration permitted.
protected, etc.
SETFILE
Allows declaring up to four system file names to be used with shell progVMENU,
SAK,
ALIAS, etc. SHOW indícates system
rams, MENU,
files active.
SH
?
Model shell program
ready-to-use; internal commands are:
for help, SHCMT
SHECHO
for comment entry,
for message text echo, and SHEXIT for exitiñ9 the shell.
SHCIRL
Shell Control permits getting out of a shell, i.e., popping the stack.
a menu of options to permit recalling the status of the ZCPR3
SU ronment.SHOW printsaddress
envi
Buffer
locations, command line length, system cpu speed, maximum
drive and user areas permitted, all on 11 screens of information. SLK)W E installs
Show as an error handler.
Makes any program
into a shell; useful to control application program usage.
=Er
The UNERASE
UNmsE
command permits recovering
Recovery
accidentally erased files.
must be made before
starting any further disk drive activities.
VFILER
VFTM
is Z-System screen-oriented file manipulation utility. Permits
pointing to files in directory and perform: Íng operations on them compute lengths,
view, print, copy, delete, unsqueeze,
for group (mass)
or tag (wild cards allowed)
processing.
Ten macro commands f rom custom CMD menu, new CMD per directory possible.
File scanning utility permits forward and reverse text viewing with
controlled scrolling rate, string searches,
quick goto bottom and top of file movements,
etc. Fully screen oriented with built-in in-context command help.
WHEEL
permits chmUm the system from secure to unsecure. If secure,
and certain utilities may not
passwords
are needed to access established directories
be used: ALIAS, MKI)IR, PUBLIC, etc.
The preset
password
is SYSTEM.
The XDIR command is most powerful of three supplied file directory listing
XDIR
and
(transients).
programs
Optionally shows all files in ail directories (normal
public), vertically or horizontally sorted by file name or type, to console, printer,
for directory comparior file. Negate wild-card search and directory-to-file-buffer
sons are unique
features.
XIP
Exit (terminate) all pending conditionals (IFs) in f low command testing.
Useful
in ZEX GOTO loops.
batch procesExtended command processor
ZEX
for versatile multi-command/program
and message displays.
sing; interactive, user-prompts
SAK

#4/#####//4/

Page 4

Z-News

306

We
who will be first to use Wyse WY-350 color
Separated From Duck:
With a
upgrade
WordStar
into a multi-hued word processor.
terminal to
little
used
could
be
the
color
area,
program
buffer
to indicate
software modifications to
I) original
Different shades could represent
status of text entries and changes.
5) underlined,
shadowed,
4)
added,
2)
3)
moved
newly
Hided
inserted
text,
text,
or
or
from or written to another
6) font style changed,
7) text copied
file. We can think
of many other enhancements that would be valuable to console operators using PropStar
WordStar
(see Z-News 304) to post-process
files into a laser marking machine.
How do we overcome,
justify cost of color terminal?
Straight-line drawing ability of modern ASCII terminals, monochrome or multicolor, permits sharp, graceful menw to be formed—we simply haven't taken advantage
monitors.
of graphics, yet. And saály, vast crowds these days go only for bit-mapped

Quack
ASCII

WONDERwhy!

MOSART
BYTE
.receiver,
asynchronous,
(modem synchronous,
November
transgoing.
TurnKey Bulletin
telecommunications
idea
where
gives
is
mitter) article
of
an
Board System of Micromint, Inc., (see Z-News 207, top pg 5) uses this hybrid module,
Read TKBBS
and includes Z-Msg, Terín3, and Z-System
description
to do software chores.
374
Turquoise
St.,
December
Inc.,
BYT&
Xecom,
Miipitas, CA 95035,
Call or write
in
MOSART
408/943-0313)
module.
and
for prices
literature describing

MOSART.

board using Hitachi HIJ64180 high-integration
chip announced by Magnum
MO
(perhaps
65078,
314/377-4419.
Unusual
#2,
223,
Route
Box
Stover,
Digital, Inc.,
CPU
Onunique)
slave
board may be either master
system.
in multi-user/processor
or
CMOS
RAM,
co-board
extends
board are two serial ports, 64k to 256k-bytes
but
of static
I/O port drop—out timer for fail-safe operation, bus controller for
to 2 megabytes,
multi-processing, and many more features. Priced at $469.00 with support software;
call Mr. Dion Vaugh, MDI President, for additional details.
FLASH.

S-lOO

one-megabit
(5) Japanese
sampling
companies
are currently
Oki
The
and
NEC,
Mitsubishi.
sixth,
Toshiba,
Fujitsu,
starts next month. Toshiba has licensed Siemens (Regensburg, West Germany) to produce
(Remember,
here
Many British people say, "We
their design.
you read
not change our
Japanese
industry." We say to these, 'Your
style to compete with
be
maintained
adapt
World is
style can only
you
to your changing environment.
and
then
when
effectively smaller
more accessible now
you were philosophically
ically.' Number One." What do USAians say? Let's hear from matter releasing energy,
from s—u--b-s-t-a-n—c—e
moving towards
e-s—s-e-n—c-e!
By the Way, third force of triad active in Cosmos, in case you
woNDm
is
represented
by instability.
This force is like a wedge applied at a tangent,
never
orthogonally, near an object's base. Such directed energy permits, causes local and
Cosmic change (see logo/eagle discussion in Z-News 303, pg 5.)
Anyone care to label
been called by many names!
this particular force?
Historically,
Now
we taste Zinfandel wine and hear zydeco music,
that marvelous
mixture of
French,
Cajun,
Creole,
Real people-music,
Celtic, and African rhythms.
this zydeco!
Bí"owht
long
1953,
by
Chenier
(king of the
our
attention
ago, we believe in
to
Clifton
music),
but made popular
by Ida Guillory (Queen Ida).
Chris
Strachwitz, of Berkeley
radio station KPFA fame and founder of Arhoolie Records of El Cerrito, CA, 415/5257471, records
and produces
zydeco pressings
and tapes for sale.
our bon-teínpsroulet music, along with music of Polish rebel Frederic Chopin.
Zinfandel is native
See you down the lines...
Californim
Echelon,
Inc.

Industry

DRAMS;

life

Brief.
Hitachi,

life

Five

Electric,

first.)

it
if

will

(polit-

still

it's

It's

101

First Street

94022
Los Altos, CA
415/948-3820
Telephone:
Z-Node Central: 415/489-9005

Page

Z-News 306

Trademarks:
SBl80, COMM180,
NSC800, National; Friend1y,

TKBBS,

HD63484/64180,

Micromint;

ZCPR3,

Z-System,
ZDM,
REYAS,
DSD,
TERM
Z-Msg,
Term3,
Lasting-Value
CP/M, Digital Research;
respective owners and authors;
Xecom; PropStar,
Civil Computing; WordStar, MicroPro.
Ampro;

Z-Tools,
Sof tware,
Unix,
AT&T;

III,

280/800,

Hitachi;

Zilog;

Z-Com, Zas, Zlirik,
Echelon
and their
MOSART,
XEl201/03,

ZREOS,

the

TEACHER!
*

Z-News

reprint,
Echelon.

Echelon,

306

All Rights

Inc.
101 First
Street
Los Altos, CA 94022

granted

,/íjj"j',I,)

.',,

,,,,

,,
,

· '

'"M

,,,

:-R5j
· ·.

,1
-^.
-'

Reserved.
source

credit

Permission to
is given to

r"""TU
t
i
'

.·

ÍJÍ,.
'"

'"' '"'
; : · '
-

?1'.'F

7"' ?"'

l%ÉV,
.-- 'i5!i
"
i""
'
"

,.- _'=
-m
Z>.·',!
···· ,,,,,_ ii: I1!Ili'¶'|É.?'|:

®
Z TIPS.

November

1985

307
PUBLIC

ZRDOS

Plus,

the

only DOS, Version
useful utilities;

list),

(Item

12
we
on EI price
DUMP
and MOVE are two.
is a
Trailirrng
hex and ASCII.
options

1.2

currently offer, comes with many
screen
oriented file display program showing both in
permit line addresses relative to lOó hex, sending display to printer, pause after
declared
number of sectors are shown.
continues
the display for next set
Any keypress
DUMP
/p2m
which
of sectors. Ideal for us is
displays two sectors (a screen
fn.ft
DUMP
showing
the
addresses
lOOh.
starting at
is a modern utility in line with
full)
COMP,
Z-System
tools, in vain of
our file comparator.
rest of
MOVE,
Z-System
Dennis
Wright, as were DUMP,
written by ZRDOS author,
utility
and others, is handy even thowh PUBLIC directories are available.
VTYPE, COMP,
Files
MOVE
permits
are moved from area to area on the same drive, and moved quickly!
wildcard filename declarations and also directory DU and DIR forms.
ZRDOS
Plus comes with above four
utilities plus VTYPE, the absolute best file
we've
(see
207,
middle
Z-News
scanner
seen
in Z-News 305;
of pg I); PUBLIC described
VIEW, earlier file scanner;
and DFA and SFA, display and set
file attributes, covering
wheel-byte
write-protect, read-only, etc.
all available bits, archive,
VCED
Two screen-oriented command-line
(video
editors are currently available.
command
1.1,
by
Paul
Pomerleau
editor), Version
(Chicago, IL), permits
written
and recalling comiipands lines, both present
and previous.
Uses
editiw, executing,
subset
WordStar
commands
and
TALIAS),
of
(like
plus many more, to move
cursor
from command to command, undo erased commands, recall previous
command, etc. Screen
DUS,
and
Z-System
knows
about
paths,
and
and ENV files. A
DIRS
oriented
a
utility, it
VCED
Key"
WAIT,
Any
neat
toggles "Strike
support program,
prompt to hold screen
before
display,
desired,
as
returning to
m.©« ©- U ;^ ED+ m
echtor.
r"a-'"«E2"T,
—"="m=
--0+"""""f · ^"""
|"?-T±.-=
Paul has also f inished his version
"""
. q
"
"
m. EZ ' "
·
.
·-.
"""
"
"" " "
3í.
=ALIAS,
Z_fe¿, ""
"
of
called BALIAS, to join other
"[T"g
µ= ' " "_ : - Sij ±.
e ~
:
. ".
—
_
..-" —
"
"um
and editors (VALÍAS and
"7±
,fC" '\
alias generators
#
"
"
,^--" S" '
>'"é - 'mk
_
TALIAS)
the
-=·"e
^m
in
stable.
F.
:
.
""'
—- · Y'
·
"
"" I")
"
"Z?" _
"
'" " " ' '
7(A\
fISH (command
'
line History S.H,e11),
"
1.1
,
comes
Vers1on
,
f rom Míchael
"
T"
. %
: »."&
r
,
.
Rubenstei.n,
TX, and carries
Galveston,
"=
'~\ ,,
\"
command-tine
"'I
·
editiW to elegant heights.
'"
VCED
t'
"X
Similar to
but with a different
^t
¥
,
.·""
<>d
'
pf;t
DesignecÍ
"
-}
flavor.
'h
to be used primarily
w,
.
m
' '
'i ·"
"
"
RAM
'/^ """ '' ''
' with
hard
disks and written
'
·)
or fast
"
'l'
"
C Language,
HSH,
'
'
ín
is Bk-bytes long.
,
,/
'
,
.'
Comes with Z-System
HLP
·y4
,,-—=g' :
, i
file; it's one
?)j
On
Z-Nodes,
everywhere.
.:'
' '
nice
tool!
'
)
:
'
""" >;' ) !'>
",/ :
"" ""
p
Wilson Bent (Fair Haven, NJ) has
i '
PO ' k .
<
"
made
->=
""
an interesting contribution with his
:
,
,
^ .
&
"
,
'm>{rI:
"'}3(y3'!,.«
LDGK
_
""
named -directory
""
·,^",,
).
By using
program.
¿"
büí'
" '"r:
0 t
,,
leading
dash in a
the
directory
file name
becomes that name.
". . .never be without your tools."
Try it—you may find
LDSK
to your liking, especially if you're
loppy-based.
Compare
described
MKDIR
below...many
with
f
ways to de-scale
fish!
Our cup overf lows,
cornucopia!
Thanks,
all, for your programming activities.

DUMP

j í>

Get
PUBLIC

Letters.

Yes,

we erred

Z-News

304;

running
is
useful even
use
for numerous different terminals than to
re-install using MicroPro INSTALL. Thanks to
for pointirig this out.
'Your
Newsletters and the BYTE articles on the HD64180 rekindle my interest in
expanding
my knowledge
of Assembly, ZCPR3,
etc.--even thotigh
this is likely to be
ZRDOS.

It's quicker to

WSPATCH

still

all

Z-News

307

little

Edward W, King,
use to ine,"
Ithaca, NY, writes of his stimulation
Ed, any knowledge
from ZCFR3
be
Knowledge
acquired
put into practice.
can
long
making
Such
work
always
way to
activities goes a
one feel fu1fi11ed.
pays coim
CA,
CP/M and am trying to resist MSam
From james Couts, Sunnyvale,
running
DOS."
What's
There's so much to be learned,
you get past surface
to resist?
Usirig
and studyirg Z-System
opens
barrier, front capabilities of B-bit machines.
learning portals wide.

practical

and doubt.

One
year old, Z-Node #1
Central had
birthday (10 October)!
h: Ígh-performmce
McCord, has enlivened
computing.
His substantial
B-bit
produces
when
darkness.
keep
Dave,
your beacon on.
leadership
light
there is near
thank each sysop for extraordinary
Z-Nodes carry tremend~
loads—we
behalf—what
efforts on Z-System community's
Individually each
a constructive team!
receive
(7)
Coming
of us
fold.
as we give, occasionally receiving seven
year Mids
much opportunity for hard-working
teams!

first

Z—Node
Sysop, David

Actívity.

All

traffic

used to create and modify named directories.
Z User's Corner.
MKDIR
(pages 65, 244, 299) is somewhat
doing
Thou9h ZCPR3: The Manual
vague about
this,
MKDIR'S complete
and
make
using
and
prompts
menus
easy
fast. After typing
MKDIR at command line, enter ? (or I) at tool command prompt to obtain main menu:

Amateur

built-in

MKDIR
MKDIR

Comnand
Comnands

(? for Help)?
are --

Change
Directory (Add/Renarne/Delete
IP - Initialize Directory
Print Directory
- Read
R
- StatusDirectory
of MKDIR Environment
- Write Directory
File
X
Program
Exit
- (?
Cotmand
for Help)? i
C

Entries)

MKDIR

First thing to do, if modifying an existing NOR file, is read file into auto-allocated
and then display contents, R followed by P command.
After
buffer space provided
We
choose
The default
NAMES.NDR.
R,
name of NOR to edit or create.
entering
is
NOR
sample
and
updating
SYSAIR.
this file
distribute a
file with name of
if it's
If
located in A15: ROOT directory,
then enter A15: SYS.NDR as requested name at R
commandprompt.

After
disk/user

entering P
areas,
enter

MKDIR

and
C

seeing
to alter.

what you
And press

already have as names associated with
? (or l) for this screen:

Change
Mode
You may issue the
DU: dirname
DU:
'(RETURN)'
X
?

Directory Entry

following comnands at this pñnt:
<--- Create/Rename DIR Entry
<--- Delete DIR Entry
<--- Print Directory
<--- Exit lleave Change Model
<--- Print this Help
R
for Help)? I

A6: PRIVATE,
A, user area 6, with name of "private" by entering:
prompt asks for optional password,
up to 8 characters, to access directory.
NOR
LD&CCN) several
and load (using
from here...create
You take
(and confidence)
named directories.
using
After, you are ready to
to gaiii experience
read pages 23 and 24 of Z3 Manual).
used by CD (please,
Are you
write ST alias
ready?
Can you sense this long-expected
moment,
never-to-be-repeated opportunity?

Establish disk

Next,

files

Pcige

trial

files

Z-News

Z-SYSTEM

GOOD-NEIGHBOR

Kolod

Mark

60025

Glenview
3l2/291-Í586IL
Brian Leyton

Morrow

Killion - Street
North Hollywood,

joe

Wí"ight

all

711
San

91607

818/766-3307

Vogler
Lane
Creekside
S
Colorado
303/576-34k0rings,

McDona1d
Apple
P.O,
Box 28162
CA
95159
San Jose

joe

112

408/37IÁ037
Doug
l4Cl5
San

Koss

- Place
Chatsworth
CA
95128
jose,
408/297-5583

12613

Kevin

Neal
3440

ROSTER

LomitaCA Blvd.
90505
Torrance
213/326Á770

POB

(GNH)

HELPER

App1e/CompuPro/Ampro
Thom
Graywood
Drive
jose, CA 95129

408/253-1306

82C)-II
Xerox
Isaac Salzman
5667 Corteen Place
CA
91706
HO11 wood,
No.
818./76l-4874

Chuck Livingston
412 Tierra Rejada

80906

Vector Graphics
- Road

Simi Valley, CA 93065
805/522-7322 or 584-3484
Steve
KaÉ!1in - Osborne/CCS
11711 Mo
at Avenue
Tampa
FL 33617
813/9g5-5611
(home),

Francis Riesz

john

Thomas A. F1emer
Morrow
1730 Medallion Loop N.W.
WA
98502
Olym
206Á66-9787

- all

12702

3228

Trenton,

C. Smith
Kaypro
Nashua Road
Pepperell, MA 01463

Street,

CP/M

AK 99508

Anchorage
907/274-8Ó44

- all

Wilcox - CompuPro
8th Street
Lewisburg, PA 17837
717/523-0777 before 8pm EST

Jay P. Sage
1435 Centre Street
Newton
Centre, MA 02159

Ed Unrein
Kaypro
6373-8
Forest CAty
Orlando, FL 32810

Richard Denicola
475 Vista Del Norte
CA

D.
South

617/965-3552

Road

Ampro

APO,

Kaiserlautern,

CANADA

416/669-49734
802

24 Gaevle

Int+46

"26"

Anyone wishing
name, address,

Phillippe

- all

Billotte - Northstar

P.
47 Rue Abou Dabi
Quartier Oasis

58 A

SWEDEN

128353

to assist
expertise,

GERMANY

Robert Kuhmann - all
Le Pavilion,
Belle Etoile
Martin de la Brasque
St. FRANCE
par
84760
011/33
90-77-61-36

Scarbourough, Ontario

Roland
Eriksson
Arbetshusgatan

S. Casteel
Ord.
C. Box 4364
NY, 09059
(from USA)

06373-4188

4P2

John

611th

Dunsmuir
CompuPro
30 Dentón
Ave,
Apt 807

MIL

91789

Walnut
714/66Ó-1800

305/299-4283

Rick Swenton - H89/90
19 Allen Street
CT
06010
Bristol,
203/589-7297

Arthur Welsh - Osborne
801 Airport
Hts. #387

Alan
60

Apt.

la,

617/433-6383

Steven Hirsch - Apple
124 Intervale
Ave.
VT 05401
Burlington
802/658-4743

Broad
NJ 08610

(work)

100

South

S-lOO

813/974-2081

Sanborn
Campos Drive
Houston, TX 77065

Charles

307

Casablanca,
new
and

ZCPR3/ZRDOS

telephone

users and
number.

MOROCCO

potential

users

please

send us your

Page

Z-News

307

*
*
*

Full
*

ASCII
*

Character

Set
*

*
*
*

——
O

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

9
10

li
12
13
14
15

16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31

Legend:
Notes:

OOh NUL
Olh SOH
02h STX
03h ETX
04h EOT
05h ENQ
06h ACK
07h BEL
08h BS
09h HT
OAh LE
OBh VT
OCh FF
ODh CR
OEh SO
OFh

lOh
11h
12h
13h
14h
15h
16h
17h
18h
19h

lAh
1Bh

lCh
1Dh
1Eh
1Fh

"A
^B
^C

"D
^E
^F
^G
"H

^J
"K

^L
^M
^N
"O

DIJE ^P
DCl ^Q
DC2 ^R
DC3 ^S
DC4 ^T
NAK ^U
SYN ^V
ETB "W
CAN ^X
EM

SUB
ESC
FS
GS
RS

^[
^\
^]
"^

32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47

20h
21h
22h
23h
24h
25h
26h
27h
28h
29h
2Ah
2Bh
2Ch
2Dh
2Eh
2Fh

SP
!
"
#
$

48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63

30h
31h
32h
33h
34h
35h
36h
37h
38h
39h
3Ah
3Bh
3Ch
3Dh
3Eh
3Fh

'
(
)

*
+
,

/
.

1
2
3

4
5
6
7
8
9
:

;
<
=
>

80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95

40h

4lh

A
B

42h
43h
44h
45h
46h
47h
48h
49h
4Ah
4Bh
4Ch
4Dh
4Eh
4Fh
50h
51h
52h
53h
54h
55h
56h
57h
58h
59h
5Ah
5Bh
5Ch
5Dh
5Eh
5Fh

C
D
E

F
G
H

J
k
L
Pi
N

96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110

Ill

112
113
114
115

Q
R
S

T
U

V
W
X

Y
Z
[

\
}

116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127

60h

6lh

a
b

62h
63h
64h
65h
66h
67h
68h
69h
6Ah
6Bh
6Ch
6Dh
6Eh
6Fh

c
d
e

g
h

i
j
k
l

n
o

70h
71h
72h
73h
74h
75h
76h
77h
78h
79h
7Ah
7Bh

p
q

r
s

tu
v
w
x

y
z
{

7ch

7Dh
7Eh
7Fh

}

"
DEL

^ = CTRL
h = Hexadecimal;
(Control Key), except 94 = caret and
30 = .
To obtain codes O to 31, console
Control Key is pressed while
simultaneously pressing Letter Key, e.g., is ^G, the

bell character.
2. Control Key subtracts

Page 4

64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79

decimal

64 (4Oh)

from

Letter

Key pressed.

Z-News

307

(We
don't do what we think we must, but what we must;
that written is
Ramblings.
not.)
than
that
less important
You've
read and heard of robots (maybe seen or even used one), drones, and
would be surprise to find we were actually one of
cyborgs
(cybernetic organisms).
It
what
what
makes
these.
But think,
us
we are?
It's not flesh and blood, bone and
Sure,
these are aspects of what we are, but there's more.
skin, or overall form.
What constitutes the Whole?
Ponder mass of data and information we presently have access to.
If you live in
than you could read in a
a large city, your local public library has more books
hundred
lifetimes. One of these days soon, all this printed matter could bedatain
But neither
perhaps be readable
memories,
computer
with your personal computer.
knowledge
and underyou have means to interpret into
nor facts count for much unless
We
adds
"desktop
quantity to
publishiW" mostly
predict
standirig, get to the whole.
does
depth
and breadth,
does
for
for
quality,
printed-text equation,
little and as a species, take a longer view of little
existence
substance.
Unless we, individually
You know Beirig,
exactly the previous.
we simply march in-place; each octave overlays
living, and learning rests squarely with you and me. Manikins we be not!
Is not the same alphabet used to form words, sentences that praise as well as
damn?
The octave-oriented musical
scale provides
for production of sound-combinations
good there's a countering evil—yin,
For every
to make us both rejoice and weep.
yang;
substantial universal stability in Cosmos.
Third Force, neither female nor
male, we think of...for every student there already
From knowledge,
exists a teacher.
let's rise to next level of understandin&
You,
local
think quality not quantity...each
action, each thought has profound
and Cosmic consequences.
Waste not a moment with thoughts
of greed or hurtfulness.
We
humans are
Let's get on with our
still quite coarse, with muchbut tobe beon refined.
mutual
the Way to deep living,
task of learning! Be not paralyzed,
a norm
of all Life; this alone wears well.
We
We
top to pen these ramblintgs.
camp currently on a mountain
live at home,
though
like a traveler on the road...find many things that each day teach us. Fools
there are that think their El Dorado is anywhere but where they live. But who keeps
book on such
folly. We're here searching for that seemingly lost, to cÍíange our mood,
to taste of water turned into wine from stone...

light and darkness, strength and weakness; heaven and hell, truth and falseness,
and
real
unreal; from the crown of thorns and the bed of roses, from the depths of
and
the heKhts of sublime
agony
joy; from hate (both positive and negative), destiand
and
love,
tution, despair,
destruction
faith, hope, and construction: we offer a
We
document
give
cannot
we want you to owil
to you (though we wish we could); you
Thus
charge
(see Z-News
must have worked
represents
for
we
money, money which
305,
5)
and
energy).
The
document,
of pg
your past time
effort (labor,
a pearl of
great prize, is economy-priced
at exactly $100.00. But we return half your money
after reading
seven (7) times as detailed in Z-News 302, top three-fifths
of pg 3,
Make no judgments,
not worth amount paid.
read
you feel
as detailed in 302.
simply
Think!
read seven times
and not judge.
can you do these two things:
so, order
Lesson Learnirg to receive
something
we trust you absorb and retain.
is not for everyone—only
for those who are dissatisfied with present ways
of looking at, seeing thint:
those who are anxious to learn new Ways, to
do
discard unsatisfactory.
Please,
not order WONDER unless you expect the unexpected...think
before
thrice
ordering. See you down the lines...

From

it.

all

if,

s--is for

Echelon,

Inc.

101

First Street
Altos, CA 94022

Los
Telephone:
Z-Node Central:

415/948-3820
415/489-9005

Page

Z-News 307

SB180,

Trademarks:

COMM180,

TKBBS,

Micromint;

H%3484/64l80,

Hitachi;

280/800,

2ilog;

NSC800, National; WY-50/75/85/350,
Z-Tools,
Z-System,
Wyse Technology;
REVAS,
Term3, TERM
Z-Com, Zas, Zlink, ZDM,
Z-Msg, DSD,
Lasting-Value sof tware,
CP/M, Digita1 Research;
Echelon
and their respective owners and authors;
Unix,
AT&T;
MOSART,
XE1201/03,
Xecom; PropStar,
Civil Computing; WordStar, MicroPro.
ZCPR3,

ZRDOS,

III,

FREE

Z-News

reprint,
Echelon.

307

is Copyright

1985

wholly or partially,

through

Echelon, Inc.
automatically

Z !

All Rights

granted

Echelon,

Inc.
First Street
Lqs Altos, ca 94022
101

Newell
Systems
Remote
Canada
Street W
4691 Dimdas
Ont CANADA
Isñngton,

Permission to
credit is given to

Reserved.

source

jud

M9A

1A7

z-ms

December

1985

308

doesby Intelligent
Computer Designs,
S-lOO board,
DRAM,
tape,
floppy, and
single Hard computer with 512k-bytes
Garden
9252
Grove
and more.
hard disk controller,
Write ICD at
local area network,
CA
92644,
Blvd.,
Garden Grove,
to request literature.
or call 714/638-3622,
headquarters
Magnum Digital,
at 3211 S. Providence
Inc., opens new marketing
MO
65203.
Road, Suite #302, Columbia,
for information on their SCall 314/449-7199
IDO
Mr. Marc
uíaster/slave computer (PRD-180), disk controllers, and memory boards.
and dash literature
Manager,
Strid, Marketing
is ready to answer questions
to yow
MDI'S and ICD'S products
multiprocessing, multiopen new era for S-l® bus,
tasking, and multi-user technology.
Bruce Morgen,
erstwhile computer editor for Electronic Products magazine and
present
User's Guide Advanced User columnist, places newsletter yoke around neck...his
NAOG
(North American One-Eighty Group) signals bend in road...eight-bit computing
systems
shall never die! Those of bigger/more-is-better mentality cannot not stop
us...deep-living alone wares well. (No-think leads to vegetable-like sleep, p1ight of
Whoopee!
some popular magazine
editors with neither focus nor long-sightedness.)
To order:
write
Subscription to NAOG newsletter costs $15.00 per year, 12 issues.
NAOG,
P.O.
PA
18974,
215/443-9031.
must
Box 2781, Warminster,
you
a
call
or
Others,
especially PC-DOS
own Hitachi HD64180 B-bit computer,
either S-lOO or SBC.
wouldn't find NÉdjG interesting unless they are thirikiW of upgradiííg...
users,
HD64180 Computer

it-all.

It's

Nmm
a complete

XL-M180

It's

Z3
environment
using
ZCPR3 Game.
The
game available, to our knowledge,
(doesn't
8372
offered by Tiger Computing,
run under CP/M) is called THEUÁ), is being
Morris Road, Hilliard, OH 43026.
interactive, between one player and computer or
between
two players, with goal of acquiring more blocks of space (pieces) than
provided. You gain as opponent
opponent. Three levels-of-play
are selectively
who-is-ahead
Program makes use
loses—lots of dramatic
reversals as game progresses.
and
of screen
positioning,
B-bit
Very
computer speed.
cursor
!
impressive
Demonstration
THULDEMLBEL
of game playing against
is on Z-Nodes in
Simply
download,
using
Z3INS, and enjoy some of what can be-as Z3
then,
for fun, order your
playable copy.
Presently supplied only on 8" SSSD
THELLD
costs a mere $10.00 plus $3.00 shipping and handling
disk,
rom TC

full

first

It's

half-intensity,
install

Z TIPS.

utility
fully

itself

file

Creating
long macro (multiple) command-line
a complex,
alias is quick and
Z-System has such tools.
load
tools
are
available.
(or
correct
First,
if followed by HSH (or VCED), then
ERROR23)
Next, keyrun BALIAS (or VALÍAS) under HSH.
Execute
the alias from
in your long set of commands, editing as you observe typos.
commands.
within HSH;
notifies of unexecutab1e
Alter command text on-the-fly
from
modify
within
noting changes that work.
Last, re-execute,
until each
Wow!
command, entire alias, runs as intended.
Of course,
same technique
may be used
We
to develop ZEX batch command files, or ARUNZ ALIAS.CMD files.
cMlleWe PC-DOS and
Unix users to compete in such interactive automation
feats.
Command error handling,
full-screen multiple command-line
editiñ9 with present
and previous
command recalling (up to the last lOó commands executed!),
full-screen
creation of aliases consisting of alias nesting, multiple commands with extensive
variable passing, imlMim current directory.
Again, Wow! Yet, many magazine
editors claim, fugue-like, there is nothing new to report from B-bit microcomputing
WONDER
world—we
why they think such non-sense.
Our Z-Node network
is estimated to be handling over 35,000 callers per month. We
words
out about what we are doing,
get
notwithstanding a popular press inclined to
Day soon comes when high-performance
ignore our community.
B-bit systems are publicly
proclaimed
speed, and efficiency.
for usefulness,
easy

Z-News 308

Get

machine
Newsletters 006 and 301 discussed
resources
required to
few of you seem to think we think Z cannot be used on systems
Z-System.
support
smaller than a pair of 360k-byte
floppy drives. Not true! More power to those who
but
two 191k-byte
arrange
resources
their
drives and still get their work done.
to use
We
Bravo!
provided
by big RAM and fast hard disk
are fully aware of performance
drives; but these devices are not necessary to gain substantial increased-productivity
benef
Many ways to open oysters...we
salute diversity of
its f rom using Z-System.
thought,
which always
leads to improved
technique.
You know we stand against trooping
(see
Zeffirelli in 304). Daniel Brogan, a professional writer, tells how he uses
19lk-byte drives, in file Z-ON-A-2.TXT on Z-Nodes everywhere.

Letters.

Some

Z-Node
Welcome
to Z-Node #45 and
sysop, Richard "Ken" Reid,
TXJ
modem
He
Dick's Altos computer
Houston,
number is 713/937-8886.
Z-System
USA,
need in the great southwestern
reducing
load on our El Paso nodes.
section of
#41'S modem number
Z-node
301/254-6277.
sysop, Larry Mansfield, in
end
Maryland,
john D'Ausilio in Bladensburg
Baltimore, handles
one
of
while
at
handles
State
other end, 301/779-7986.
is covered!

Activity.

its

traffic

fills

Its

Z User's Corner.
Amateur
object code and source (ASCII) code are different according
Ob
to
purpose .
B-bits of a byte, needed to control
ject code uses the
computer's
(ASCII 7—
processing
Assembler
mnemonics
registers.
unit
' !""
(language
(OYQ
bit) are converted
translated) to machine operation code
"
l
for register manipulation, getting the work done.
c) g"
A word processor
or editor program usually produces ASCII 7-bit
:
(MSB,
code, except
for programs like WordStar that uses the 8th
.>.>'
most signif icant bit) for sof t-hyphen,
"
etc., indicatiom
A
runnable
from lines of
program
is one that's been converted
tT"
'
(statements)
produced
by you and your editor to ob ject code by
text
·
t' ')
'ty,
an assembler
or compiler.
""
"
i'
MENU,
VMENU,
ARUNZ,
and VFILER process
Programs
text lies for
"
g
VMN,
MNU,
""
and CMD
task automation.
You create
cümputer
with
5 and 7
?\
ZCPR3: The Manual
describes
the
Chapters
!4
your
editor.
of
.,
\ ±yO '
'
' ,
elements
to learn menu and command
.!'
creatiom
necessary
The Manual has an excellent Appendix
with a glossary of word
.
r l
meanings.
Learning
4
your understartding.
rom this glossary increases
of
7
Word meaning is important-—it's the only way w-e have to communicate
-"
L·
Á'
,.%"
Clarity
with }'oil Word clarity leads to phrase and idea clarity.
th ,.
'
For without abstraction
we
leads
abstraction.
unable
., .,
to
to
'.
are
'; k
.., .,,, Jh t 'f"'
.
complex
understand
thiirígs and communicate
tlioughts.
'" ||lí\\mÁ||!l|ll)|\lll: )iil|l||!!llll|L
shows important
Now to the SHOW
addresses and
,1,,
86
The
Manual
níuch of what
describes
Page
' ', ' "
of
"' 'l'i'i "
status of your system.
l ""i)")
SHOW.
need
know
The base
tcj
you
about
l
l
i
.L
'I
(RCP,
oF
packages
segment
·
addresses
,,
.
,
.
)
,'
PCP,
ENV,
<'
and
j,i
NIN,
'
etc.)
buffers are dis'
,ÑZ,'O
1 l
' "
"É
Ccínp1ete1y
'
driven,
menu
played.
,'
ii\i jÍ!\

full

j'ú

bit

f
files

f lle

" '"b

utility...it

screens tell of message status (error,
named
ZEX, etc.), shell stack condition,
_
i
i directories,
memory
paths, full-screen
system
content
"Í,'i
names, CRT
reporting,
"
file
jib
'l
Everythirig
and printer data
'
you wish to
jj
-"l .X
'
ZCPR3
mAj?g,1 \' ., rkj/^lEc
'ÉL"
running
know
about
system
your
is
,
SHOWS
A
teacher
"Pray,
menus.
available from one of
let our
your Majesty,
SHOW
good
ruríniñ9
is a
indicacorrectly
quickly appear as we need him."
tion, in addition to providing so much
Don't foirget, SHOW can
information, that your entire Z-System is installed correctly.
be installed as an error handler, useful during system debugging.
'

""'

'""~

.!mEÉb

'//

all

'"'""""""-

Petge

'!\

" "
E

Z-News

308

greatly expanded by author, Tim Gary, but keeps compact
size (only 26k-bytes).
Newsletter 009 has our last words about Z-Msg. Version 1.3la
handles
and does more; for example:
clocks
all popularZCPR3real-time
ONLY
o A special
addition allows the sysop of a ZCPR3 system an extremely
flexible method of running other programs from Z-Msg command mode. Any number of
commands, including parameters,
may be used for various user-type access setups.
o An advanced user edit command facility has been added with these features:
(sysop)
Operator
to quickly
. "Sweep/Oisk7-like" operation allows System
step throuugh the users file, and edit, delete, or restore users.
seek to specified user number, and search for user name.
. Direct
(times
Mass purge operation to delete users by selected criteria
user
.
has called, date last 1ogged on, and user status).
and restoring users that have been deleted, as long as a
. Displaying
users "slot" in the users file.
new user hasn't taken the previous
and
o From within Z-Msg
with sysop-status, Control-P Cp) toggles operator's
printer on and off.
^E
by using
o A temporary
simulation of half-duplex operation may be performed
echos
the
echoing
(Control-E) to toggle
of characters.
Normally, message system
echo charactercharacters back as they are typed; this control turns off automatic
method
to avoid most of the delay
istic. Feature offers long distance callers a
caused by time taken for characters to be sent and returned
to their terminal.
command now automatically
o The A.P,p1y
sets subject of message to something
resembling
"*** New User Application ***",
ZRGGMessage

HaMlirg

Prugram

before
the user logs out from the message system.
o Z-Msg may execute
a program
T3ANSWER
(Term3's
and lOP or
Normally
telephone
answer program
control is passed to
BYE)
which disconnects
modem,
and
for next call.
prepares
to
o When editiñ9 a line of text while entering a message,
you may specify rest-ofFor example:
line as deleted in replacement
a "IE' to new text.
text by appendirg
5
"Mary
lamb";
had a
line
line is edited with search string
text is
and replacement
"tñ9 e1ephant#", resulting
line becomes "Mary had a big

elephant".

string

little

"little"

ability

files,

o Greater
exists because message
to upload text, like WordStar
(zeros)
8)
from
typed text in more
byte
system now strips
(character)
high-bit (bit
of
places
than in previous
received
Also,
any linefeed character
versions.
is translated
into a space character. Thus upload: ing a message with embedded Carriage Return/Linefeed characters, in that order, need not have the
character in each blank line
be a space.
the sysop may set a separate
o
a clock is installed,
timeout value for each
Value
determines
type.
user
time duration a user stays on system, before beirig autoZ-Msg
command
The following object-code
prompt.
logged-off, at
routines are supplied
and installed from a Z-Msg menu:
MEC-5832.CLK
5832 homebrew clock
MEC-LG2.CLK
Kaypro 2 and Legacy clock
MEC-BBII.CLK
Big Board
MEC-KPRO.CLK
Kaypro 2 and ProClock
MEC-CW.CLK
CompuTime/QT clock
MEC-QX1O.CLK
Epson QXlO
MEC-KP4.CLK
Kaypro 4 clock
MEC-XERO.CLK
Xerox 820-11 clock
MEC-LGIO.CLK
Kaypro 10 and Legacy clock
MEC-SSI.CLK
CompuPro System Support
I clock
MEC-KCT.CLK
Kenmore Computer Technologies
clock
Additional routines are possible using MECLKHIRASM
supplied,
with BYE 3/5

first

clock insert files,

file

Z-Msg has become so significant
in our software stable we cancelled EMSG developZ-Msg takes us through
the 1980's to Earth satellite
relay packet networks.
Z-Msg,
with BO-page loose-leaf, is offered for $99.95, plus $4.00 shippiw and
Manual alone
handiiñ9. Source code is an additional $100.00.
is $20.00, refundable
ordered
program
later.
ment.

Page

Z-News 308

of DRUGS

Use

Learn, know
abuse
bares
harmlessness
pattern
another
How

Drug
physiological results from taking hallueinogenie and nareotie drugs.
Any who want to argue
about
bitter fruits.
the so-called beauty or
awake
and start thinking.
must
If drugs control you now, the habit
be so powerful you will need outside
assistanee
to break
it, to find
to get through the day.

may
way

Hallueinogenie

Work in the Brain
accurate representation of facts disclosed
through microPhotos
photography within a living human brain.
were taken during brain-cell proeess
of transferring a sensory message from one brain cell to another. Cells are directly
related in chain from input to senses to final action, thought, or decision made as a
result of that input.
Diagrams

below

Drugs

are

Diagram
I
signal
In normal transfer of sensory
from cell to cell, after an initial electthe brain cells do not actually touch;
transmission
is aeeomplished
by
rical impulse,
tiny, tiny grains of protein, called "transmitter granules",
which cross tiny gap
between
the two nerve cell endings.
If, for instance,
this particular signal is part
of a shade of green (hundreds or even thousands of cells would be involved in ascercross gap between
taining el tree's shades of leaf color), the granules
correct nerve
endings
and transmit that speeific, eorrect shade of green
for which they were bioiogieally, genetieañy program med (through heritage).
Diagram
II
Under
influence of hallucinogenic or "mind-manifesting" drugs, these transmitter
granules
are physically disrupted, broken
up into hundreds
or thousands of bits and
They
pieces.
then seatter all over the brain, indiseriminately hitting unrelated
brain cells. Semation of green may be mixed with some red. Bits may hit a cell end
transferring impulses
of "up" or "down" or danger, joy, pain, guilt, anger, and may
hit possible subeonseious
fantasies of murder, great powers, suieide, and so on.

what seems to the drug-user as a "high" is really an all-time low, in terms of
And that can lead
to incorrect
correct, reality-oriented, significant information.
decisions
and aetions—and
and irrational
thoughts,
non-action
feeiings, judgments,
when action is indicated.
This
FEELING
is the danger
AND
of drug-abuse:
REACTING TO NON-REALITY!
people
Love and relationships cannot
grow and mature between/among
inñueneed by
and
juana,
coeaine,
LSD,
PCP,
Drugs,
drugs.
a cause
heroin.
for
Alcohol, marl
marital divorces, and broken friendships. Think
battering among family members,
straight. Rise up! and become what you are capable of becoming.

Precise transmission

Indiscriminate

II,

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transmission : to an
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to
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.
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Z-News

308

Z-News reprints (all back issues
are available) are $1.00 each,
Nevsletter
Policy.
mailed
$8.00 for any 12, and $12.00 for any individual
24 issues,
as a lot, postage
22 to 26 issues
$24.00,
year's
from
remains
a
for
included in price.
subscription
at
been
thus
have
mailed
far, imludiw 308. Zwritten
Thirty-five
every
fortnight.
We
who receive
Z-News from
those
News 106 explains issue numbering
system.
encourage
RASs
expired—
has
(and EI customers
who know their 6-months
initial auto-subscription
103,
$35.00
donation
suggested
pg 3,
in Newsletter
consider user-support, free-ware
impact.
has
hardcopy
Item 83 on our Price List) to subscribe
versiom Publication
to
and sketches,
several font styles, headers and footers,
Multi—color papers, graphics
shadow and %1d characters, and word/phrase
uriderlining make study and 7-times reading
don't
hardcopy
Echelon
miss
much
receive
You
version of Z-News.
easy.
if you
CMOS
exact-replacement
produces
Toshiba
for NMOS Z80 chip. DisIndustry Bríef.
compared
60
4
but
megaHertz
milliwatts
clock rate,
sipates
to over-a-watt for
at
doors closed.
Z80
conventional Z80. Mostek, Z80 supplier owned by United Technology,
would
have
and
Mostek
documentation
and
customer
support
never
without
its superior
become so popular; but now it's gone.
companies
Can western
compete with Oriental?
Such industry
japan's industry (attention to detail) fast overtakes USA'S.
go!
Reason we buy
forces Iktroit to improve their offerings—Oetroit has some ways to
wouldn't
how
Japanese
buy ours,
imports is same reason they
fair and easy
m matter

the

marketing

channels.

(Still

Ignore

scape-goats,

increase

value.

top, positioned among plants and animals,
coinhabitants of Earth.) Creatures of habit, appetite, consumption, re-action, we
continue to be; business as usual, as we lose our economy, our mental and moral
advantages.
Take a longer
view, or become a second class culture or perhaps worse,
abdomens
Our
extinct.
enormous
betray us-—tell of our true worship. Or are we
addicted to generating
internal endorphins?
There's
ranging
from an overdose
of
an infinite number of levels of druñkenness,
beauty
(Yes,
overdose
beauty
causes us to linger,
of alcohol or heroin.
is a
to an
We
major
stuIrlb1iw block to learning, to becoming.)
are without much fancy or imagination—we
lust for satisfaction, fulfillment
without working for it.
Listen, there is no second-party salvation; it's up to you to make of what's
There is no heaven but uhat's in
available, to tum substance
into finer essence.
mind.
Heaven
place;
dimension
added to your uríderstandiw (see
not
your
is
a
it's a
end of Z-News 304).
The shell game is over—life starts and stops with you and me.
You may have heard
said "plagiarism is basic to culture, any culture." We
it
each use to advantage
But, we must pay for such use by creating things
thirigs past.
Such
of equal value others can use.
accounting adds to Life instead of death,
promotes
echoes
througtíout
Cosmos), not destruction.
local Construction (that
What constitutes the Whole (question
asked in 307, pg 5)?
How can
Integrity.
Even tender
any one be weak, false who dares to be at all?
plants force their way up
through
hard soil, and crevices of highway
asphalt; surely, a human being, no material
substance
What a wedge, a force, Third Force,
can resist.
is an earnest Soperson! Can
he be resisted?
The heavens are as deep as our aspirations are hi9h.
fúgh as a
tree aspires to grow, so high it finds an environment
to nurture, to nourish it. Is
there one who dares not see clearly beyond, though only a hair's breadth beyond where
he currently stands?
Z-System users,
dare!

Ramb1ings.

camped on mountain

ti
See you

down

the

do re

lines...

Echelon,
101

Inc.

First Street

94022
Los Altos, CA
415/948-3820
Telephone:
Z-Node Central: 415/489-9005

Page

Z-News 308

Trademarks:

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Computing;
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Civil

SBl80,

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ilog;

"
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-- .-.

ith

Z-

tware,
AT&T;

~gb·Z !

i
.

Z-News

reprint,
Echelon.

1985 Echelon, Inc.
is Copyx"ight
wholly or partially,
automatically

308

All Rights

granted

Reserved.

Permission to
credit is given to

source

Echelon,

Inc.
First Street
Los Altos, ca 94022
101

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