Modern_Data_1973_08 Modern Data 1973 08
Modern_Data_1973_08 Modern_Data_1973_08
User Manual: Modern_Data_1973_08
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It's everything you've ever wanted in a peripheral for your mini. With a price/perfonnance ratio superior to every other electrostatic printer/plotter on the market. In fact , the Gould 5000 gives you 1200 lines per minute-or 600 more than Brand V. And at a lower price. That means you get high speed for improved mini throughput efficiency. Low cost for economic justification. And, of course, high reliability backed by Gould's reputation for quality. But you also get a lot more. Resolution of 100 dots per inch. Full alphanumeric and graphic capabilities. 132 characters per line. A 64 ASCII character set. Fan fold and roll paper. 8 bit wide data path. Optional features? The Gould 5000 is loaded. 96 ASCII character set, upper and lower case. 128 ASCI I character set custom designed to your requirements. On-line mini-computer and off-line magnetic tape interfaces. What's more, Gould software is the most efficient and flexible available anywhere. It lets your mini print and plot considerably faster than competitive units. We say that the new Gould 5000 is the best buy on the market , with the best feature s of any mini-computer printer/ plotter. And our Pete H ighberg or Bill Koepf can prove it to you . Get in touch with them now at Dept. MD8 , Gould Inc., Data Systems Division , 20 O ssipee Road , Newton Upper Falls, Mass. 02164. The new Gould 5000. Twice as fast as any printer/plotter ever designed for mini-computers. DATA SYSTEMS DIVISION -} GOULD CIRCLE NO . 1 ON INQUIRY CARD Peripheral vision. From the beginning, we have preferred concentration to diversification. We don't supply everything that attaches to your computer. But the things we do supply are the best. What do we supply? Drum plotters. We're the world's leading supplier of both hardware and software. Flatbed plotters. Several years ago, we saw a need and an opportunity to expand the plotter's uses. The flatbed plotter allows a variety of materials to be substituted for paper; and it has expanded the MODERN DATA l AUGUST 1973 market for computer graphics, as well. Microfilm plotters. Here, we got bigger by getting smaller. With microfilm Our 1675 COM plotter/printer and our 2100 COM printer deliver the best price/performance in the industry. Disk memmy equipment. This was our second area of concentration. In a remarkably short time, we have become the leading independent supplier. Tape systems. We've recently begun to concentrate on tape. The result is that CIRCLE NO.3 ON INQUIRY CARD our new 1040 Tape Drive combines the features of others with our own experience. We intend to be a leader in thi~ field. The point is we have not grown by accident. Thirteen years after our beginning, we have become a leader in computer peripherals. For information on peripheral products, call your local CalComp office, or contact California Computer Products, Inc., MD-M8-73, 2411 West La Palma Avenue, Anaheim, California 92801. (714) 821-2011. " .. _. --,-I I I ....... I I I I I .:..~ • --~ PACER 100 What a Way to Growl It's EAI's digital cornerstone. Our PACER™1 00 is no ordinary computer. It's the beginning of a new growth story, a digital especially designed to work with our new parallel processors. And work it does in expandable systems that provide unequaled throughput in scientific and engineering problem solving. We put the PACER 100 at the digital corner of three different series of new PACER systems, each larger than the next: PACER 500. PACER 600. PACER 700. Then we provided options to help you grow, to let you fine-tune your system to exactly the type and scale of problems you face . Up to giant-sized. At each level, your PACER system can deliver far more scientific and engineering design-problem solutions-per day or per dollar-than any other system available. Meanwhile, your techniques and solutions will be state-of-the-art in the areas you choose: Optimization. Simulation. Control. Design. Data Reduction. Further, we have a huge library of software to help you-including a foreground/background Real-Time Operating System. And we have more than 5,000 case 2 histories of applications to prove our software expertise. As you can see, we make no ordinary claims. Now, thanks in part to our new digital, we can make one more dramatic assertion : PACER systems can offer you performance/ price ratios that run to over 100 times those of ·conventional digital systems. That's the sort of efficiency that ' s worth . writing home about or, more to the point, worth writing to us. The faster you do, the sooner we can send you more information to help you start a new growth story of your own. . f211 CIRCLE NO.4 ON INQUIRY CARD Electronic Associates, Inc. 185 Monmouth Parkway West Long Branch, New Jersey 07764 (201) 229-1100 MODERN DATA / AUGUST 1973 MODERN DATA AUGUST 1973 • VOLUME 6 • NUMBER 8 PRODUCT PROFILE 41 ....._ __ .... COMPUTER FACILITY SUPPORT EQUIPMENT & SYSTEMS Part II - Environmental, Fire Protection, & Security Systems - This concluding part of Modem Data's Profile on EDP facility support hardware consists of three articles covering equipment and systems used to protect the computer room from the hazards of heat, humidity, fire, and sabotage. The operation, applications, and manufacturers of air conditioning, fire suppression and detection, and data and access security products tailored to computer site needs are discussed, _ - -'" complementing last month's survey on power support equipment. 30 CONFERENCE REPORT NCC - WHERE THE MINI-ACTION WAS In reviewing the status of the minicomputer world as represented by the exhibitors at the recent Nee, Modem Data's editorial consultant gives his analysis of where this world is heading. 24 CORPORATE PROFILE - COMPUTER PRODU CTS , INC. 26 SOURCE DATA AUTOMATION - 34 ALL KEYPUNCHES AREN 'T ALIKE SHOW BUSINESS 36 8 11 12 14 16 18 19 20 40 52 54 55 56 EDITORIAL LETTERS TO EDITOR BOOKSTORE NEWS ROUNDUP INTERNATIONAL NEWS DC DATASCAN ORDERS AND INSTALLATIONS CORPORATE & FINANCIAL NEWS WHBW DEPT. NEW PRODUCTS NEW SOFTWARE & SERVICES NEW LITERATURE INDEX TO ADVERTISERS COMMUNICATIONS CLINIC DATACOM NEWS A SUMMARY OF RECENT DATA COMMUNICAT IONS PRODUCTS , SERVICES , AND EVENTS . 39 DATACOM Q & A HOW ARE ERRORS DETECTED? SUBSCRIPTION AND READER INQUIRY CARD ......... .... .. ..... .. ..... .... .. .. ...... .... .. ... .. ...... .. ...... ... .......... .. ..... .. ..... .. .......... OPPOSITE PAGE 56 MODERN DATA l AUGUST 1973 3 UVI Is Not the Only Telephone Company In Town That's Why We Offer Direct Line TelecoOlOlunications Service at Rates Up to 30% Below Your Present Cost United Video, Inc. (UVI), a majority-owned subsidiary of LVO Cable, Inc., is an organization based upon competitiveness, one of the new breed of specialized common carriers that is offering communications users an economical and reliable alternative to standard direct line phone service for voice and data traffic. The basis for UVI 's existence is our ability to provide you a better communications service at a lower cost, through our expertise in advanced microwave transmission technology. But as a newcomer to the common carrier industry (although we've carried television signal traffic over our facilities for some years) , we know we 'll have to prove ourselves and our service. We'll do this in several ways. The first is by offering you more attractive rates for communications services. Depending on length of contract, UVI can save you up to 30% on your present direct line phone costs for voice and data transmission between selected cities. Think about it. Up to 30% . And of course, at UVI , di rect line communication service is our total common carrier business. Your requirements ~ 4 and needs are our biggest concern - as our customer you don 't take second or third place to any other consideration . And your reliability with our network is guaranteed to be at least as good as you currently experience with your present service. Primary basis for the UVI transm ission capability is a 700-mile microwave network now being constructed between Dallas and St. Louis and also linking Oklahoma City, Tulsa , and Kansas City, which is slated for completion in late 1973. In addition we have interconnect arrangements with other common carriers that enable us to offer an integrated Coast to Coast and North to South transmission service linking most of the nation 's major metropolitan areas such as New York, Chicago, Houston, Atlanta, Los Angeles, and San Francisco. United Video is here, we're highly competitive, and we want to talk to you about your communication requirements. For a free corporate folder on UVI and precise rate data and other information, write or call collect to United Video, Inc., Attention: Marketing Departmeht, P.O. Box 2686, Tulsa, Oklahoma 74101, (918) 587-1171 . ODWD UNITED VIDEO Inc. po. Box 2686, Tulsa, Oklahoma 74101 (918) 587-1171 An LVO Cable Company CIRCLE NO.5 ON INQUIRY CARD MODERN DATA l AUGUST 1973 MODERN DATA Publisher •••••••••••••••••• S. Henry Sacks Assoc. Publisher •••••••• William A. Ga nnon Editor • •• • • ••••••••••••••• Alan R. Kaplan Assoc. Editor ••••••••••• • J ohn A. Murphy Chief Ed. Consultant •••••••• Dan M. Bowers Washingto n Ed ito r: Alan Drattell Financial News Edito r: James I. leabman Internat'l., News Editor: Bohdan O. Szuprowicz European Correspo ndent: Richard Pettersen CONSUlTING & CONTRI BUTING EDITORS Boris Beizer Ralph Bergluncl Mauritis de Regt Ken Falor L. A. Feidelman Ivan Flores Walter A. Levy Martin Nussbaum Joseph Popolo EDITORIAL PRODUCTIO N Manager . . . .. .• •. • ..... • ... . ... Stephen Martin Lynda Volpe ADVERTISING PRODUCTION MANAGER •••• • •••• • BERNARD GREENSIDE COVER ARTIST William Kwiatkowski ASS'T TO PU BLISHER Judy DeWitt Diane Burkin CIRCULATI ON DEPARTMENT Carol Grace, Mgr. Sally Haskins Pamela E. Page All correspondence regarding circulation, advertis- ing, and editorial should be addressed to the publication offices at: Modern Data 3 lockland Avenue Framingham, Mass. 01701 (617) 872-4824 Published monthly and copyrighted 1973 by Modern Data Services, Inc., 3 Lockland Ave., Framingham, Mass. 01701. The contents of this publication (in excess of 500 words) may not be reproduced in whole or in part without written permission. SUBSCRIPTI ONS: Circulated without charge by name and title to U.S.·based corporate and tech· '-1"''' i;ii;i=== ~DP nical management, systems en- Splitter enables oormeiCtl()os;, to a -single RS232 in't;lamlce; Jm,IYtlpre modems and wl1ere several polled ranrriirlal!; are located next to each other. LINE SELECTORS Manual or relay controlled switches for interconnection of RS232. interfaces. gineers, systems analysts! managers, software specialists,. - _ _ _, and other personnel who qualify under our qualification procedures. Available to others at the rate of $18.00 per year; single issues $1.75. Subscription rate for all foreign subscriptions is $25.00 per year (12 issues). POSTMASTER: Send Form 3579 to: Circulation Dept., Modern Data, 3 Lockland Ave., Framingham, Mass. 01701. Controlled circulation postage paid at Concord, N.H. SALES OFFICES Sales Mgr•••••••••••••••• Robert J. Bandini Mktg. Services Mgr••••••••• Melvin L. Hayden NEW ENGLAND Melvin L Hayde n 3 Lockland Ave. Framingham, Mass. 01701 (6m 872-4824 NEW YORK Robert J. Bandini 18 East 48th St. N.Y., N.Y. 10017 (21 2) 753-0375, (20 3) 226-3544 MIDWEST & SOUTHWEST Gerald E. Wolfe Dick Powell Dick Govatski Ma nley Ludwig The Pattis Group 4761 Touhy Ave. Lincolnwood, III. 60646 (312) 679-1100 WEST COAST David E. Pearson 711 East Walnut St. Lands Bldg. Pasadena, Cal. 91101 (213) 681 -1133 Back issues of Modern Data are available on microfilm. Contad University Microfilms, 300 North Zeeb Rd ., Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106 for ordering information. THIS ISSUE OVER 90,000 COPIES CIRCLE NO. 6 ON INQUIRY CARD MODERN DATAl AU G UST 1973 5 WE CROSSED AN WITH OUR INTELLIGENT GOT AN CoIporate 0Iftces: Ann Arbor, Michigan 48104 (313) 971-0900, District Sales OffIces: Atlanta (404) 457 -1166 · Boston (617) 890-7290 . Chicago (312) 986-1833 . Cleveland (216) 831-8625· Dallas (214) 521-6710· Detroit (313) 522-0080 · Hartford (203) 235-4125 . Houston.(713) 688-5224 . Indianapolis (317) 784-6779 . Los Angeles (213) 640-0120 . New York (212) 371-9050 . Philadelphia (609) 665-1170 . Pittsburgh (412) 922-3350 . San Francisco (415) 349-6626 . SI. Louis (314) 878-0090 . Washington (703) 525-7300. In Canada: Sycor Internaflonal Ltd .. Toronto (416) 429-0883. Service Centers In 80 clHes. 6 MODERN DATA / AUGUST 1973 ON-UNE TERMI OFF-UNE TERMINAL AND INTELLIGENT "3270!' INTRODUCING THE SYCOR 250. It's our new intelligent on-line terminal thafs lower priced than IBM's 3270*and compatible in both hardware and software. In fact you can just plug it into any IBM network and let it go to work. But unlike the 3270, our Sycor® 250 has many of the intelligent features that have made our Model 340 remote batch term inal so popular. Features that let the 250 check branch office key entry field-byfield instantly, providing clean data to the computer andsignificantly improving operator efficiency. What goes into the computergoes in clean (atupto 4800 baud) • A trademark of IB M - and you spend less time on the line. So, you can install more terminals per line, and probably end up needing fewer lines and ports. NEW DUAL TRACTOR PRINTER The 250 has some pretty impressive optional equipment too. Irs available with a badge reader, a light pen and a family of versatile printers. The printers are our new 2580 series, with 40,80 or 165 cps speeds. They feature dual tractors that handle 1wo independent continuous forms simultaneously. So now you can combine your forms printing and administrative message traffic on one printer. HOOK A SYCOR 250 INTO YOUR 3270 NETWORK See what our 250's intelligence can do for you. We think its the best in the industry. And we're the people who invented intelligent terminals in the first place. SYCOR Sycor has opportunities for experienced data processing equipment salesmen and systems engineers in major cities. MODERN DATA l AUGUST 1973 CIRCLE NO. 7 ON INQUIRY CARD 7 EDITORIAL PROGRAM TO OPTIMIZE RETURNING NORMATIVE OPINIONS Our representative democracy is a concession to the reality that not all of us can govern all of us all of the time. Some of us have other things to do, like earning enough money to contribute to political campaigns. So we elect representatives to attend to such governmental details as investigating each other. The definitive democratic desideratum, however, remains a "government of the people, by the people, and for the people. " The Supreme Court's recent decision allowing communities to define what is and isn't pornography has raised a number of problems. Not the least of these is determining who in the community should be given the power to decide what others in the community mayor may not see. Fortunately, good old American technology in the form of computers and communications promises a solution. It is now possible for CATV subscribers to register opinions or order merchandise or services by means of terminals connected between their television sets and a central computer. In one such system implemented last year in South Orange, N.J., a subscriber need only push the right buttons on his terminal to call 8 for a stock market report, a pizza, or the police. The implications of such a system for public polls boggle the brain. Centralized computer networks permit the televisionowning public to deliver a mandate on any public issue as easily as an air force general can initiate an atomic war from his bathroom. Millions of Americans with boob-tube terminals could be asked for their opinions on such issues as whether we should bomb Bermuda, wipe out hippies or hard hats (choose one), or re-allocate unnecessary public health funds to subsidize needy tobacco growers. We think the pornography issue is the place to start. Everybody could participate in deciding what's good for their neighbors. Controversial films could be previewed on home T. V.s, and anyone desirous of preventing them from being shown at the local movie house could so indicate by pressing the NO button. Data from all the terminals in a community could then be collected and processed by a program we have tentatively called «Program to Optimize Returning Normative Opinions (PORNO)." Once again technology can be put to serving the public interest! A.R.K. MODERN DATA l AUGUST 1973 • • Inlcom Here's an exciting new operating system with RPG that dramatically simplifies and speeds data processing applications CiMOS-22 is a disk-based operating system for the CIP /2200 minicomputers which consists of language processors, programming and debugging aids and services that simplify data processing applications. The capabilities of CiMOS-22 are packaged in a flexible system design so that each user can tailor the operating system to his individual needs. From either RPG or assembly language programs, the user can take advantage of the high-level data management facilities of CiMOS-22. These facilities include the ability to organize, eatalog, store, retrieve and update data files. From a system console or assembler language program the user can create and ~(? delete disk-based files. On-line editing capability u~ permits the user to build and maintain data files as well as source and object program libraries. There is much more to CiMOS-22 that you should know about. It's all detailed in our new brochure shown here ... and it's yours free. Cincinnati Milacron, Process Controls Division, Lebanon, Ohio 45036. FREE minicomputers C CINCINNATI MILACRON Machine Tools Process Controls Chemicals Plastics Plastics Processing Machinery Abrasives CIRCLE NO.8 ON INQUIRY CARD Cincinnati area (513) 494-5444 • Ch icago area (312) 439·5726 • Los Angeles area (213) 582-8361 • Detroit area (313) 557·2700 New York area (201) 687-4500 • Houston area (713) 622-4620 • San Francisco area (408) 735·0701 • Atlanta area (404) 634-6312 9 When y.ou marry yqur tele~rter to the TWX, DDD retwaks. . General [)otcLanms ·101-5 Multimodem ·tie • lM 11 • • l .. J • I • "" .'-.. •• ,• I • Ii' •. • I • of t~~Uf'ACT._C""'" / ,sentedi>y Western on's not:II-t,,>rlff .. s~edules which permit you to connect your own teletypewriters to the TWX network? Then you're going to need WUspec modems to interface between your terminals and the TWX system. One teletypewriter. both networks General DataComm's 101-5 Multimodem meets all required specifications - and then some. It works with both the TWX and the DDD networks, which means that you need only one teletypeWriter for the two communications services. Your operator simply selects the network he desires for transmission; your teletypewriter automatically receives from either communications line. The 10 a Oirect re):)lac:errlen 101 data set. .ul'I,r>nrnn,";\t<:·(1 in the GDC 101-5 are unique diagnostics - Analoop® which permits local testing of data set operation by merely flicking a switch and, optionally, Dataloop® which permits testing from a remote locar .'''','Tnr- . ~n f1 GDC 101-5\mount right on TIY 33' sand 35's, so there's no space or location problem. Delivery is quick. Prices are competitive. Our brochure gives full specifications. It's yours for the asking. The 101-5 incorporates the full set of operatin9...-f~atures needed to contr 0 I the TIY33 and TIY35 Automatic Answer, Automatic Answer-Back Control, End-ofTransmission Disconnect, Abort Timer, Loss-of-Carrier Disconnect, Send-and-Receive Clear, Sendand-Receive Break, Low-yaper and Paper-Out warnings and Form Feed Universally compatible A restraint feature is included so that your machine will be compatible with 1111~·p~~!~~9~~'~ (203) 762-0711 CIRCLE NO.9 ON INQUIRY CARD ~ , • LETTERS TO EDITOR of wire represents a one cycle delay. By my calculations, one cycle at 10 MHz equals 100 nanoseconds, and in this time an electrical signal will travel approximately 100 feet. TO THE EDITOR: TO THE EDITOR: When Watergate and Big Brother are too much with us, the human soul turns for refreshment to little things. The perspective thus gained is illuminating; attention to trivia permits us to view the world in an entirely different· light. Speaking of trivia, did you know, as 1984 draws inexorably nearer, that your magazine has a seriously compromised telephone number? I could not help but notice; the May issue carried a page promoting your Minicomputer Market Survey and bearing the defective number in bold face type. (Being loathe to use it, I am transmi tting this m~ssage to you through the mails in a plain unmarked envelope .) As to the incriminating number, I invite you to inspect it: (617) 872-4824. The last six digits, 7248-24, comprise a trio of doublets which in each case are multiples of 24, the number of hours in the day, and they correspond, respectively, to three days, two days, and one day; six days in all. Interesting but not yet fatal; there were after all Seven Days in May. But suppose you have an additional day concealed in the remaining digits? Next note that the only primes involved in this series are two and three. Twenty-four can be written as 23 x 3, 48 as 2(23 x 3). The initial number in the series of seven digits in the local number is eight, which is 23. Even the area code is tainted. It is 617; 6 being 2 x 3, and 1 and 7 adding up to 8, which again is 23. Altogether, it is the most suspicious telephone number I have ever seen. I am not at this pOint suggesting any impropriety on the part of the telephone company; conceivably they could maintain that the above material is the purest whimsy. But be careful. Numerology has spoken and its message is clear. Though your telephone be clean as new mag tape, your telephone number is definitely bugged. In MODERN DATA'S "Product Profile" on communications terminals (April, 1973), I believe there is an error in the listing of Wiltek equipment. The final column of the listing "Other Features," states that our 500 stand-alone CRT te rminal has a 50,000 character buffer and is 2260-compatible. This is in error. This equipment does, in fact , feature a 50,000 character buffer; but it is not 2260-compatible. It is 2780-compatible. Stanley Durland Director of Public Information Softech, Inc., Waltham, Mass. The local number is further tainted. The sum of the digits of the total (35) also equals 23. In any case, you certainly "have our number." - Ed. Tak Argentinis Manager, Marketing Administration and Systems Engineering Wiltek, Inc., Norwalk, Conn. TO THE EDITOR: Re. "Predicting Future Computer Developments" by Dan Bowers (MODERN DATA, May, 1973), Mr. Bowers states that at 10 MHz logic speeds, one foot George Mirabella Boca Raton, Fla. Reader Mirabella is, of course, correct, and I appreciate his pointing out the careless error so that others will not be misled. The correct figure is, of course, 1 GHz, or 1()9 Hz. - D.N.B. TO THE EDITOR: We feel that the article " Communications Terminals" by P. K. Ciolfi in your April 1973 issue was well written, precise, and very informative. It makes an excellent reference source for terminal and feature comparisons for those of us who are involved in the marketing of such products on a daily basis. J. Canary, Mgr., Data Entry Prods. The National Cash Register Co. Dayton, Ohio VIDEO FRAME FREEZE Now you can give your electronic displays stop-action and storage capabilitie.s at low cost. Introducing the Hughes Model MSC-1 video storage unit. It's a completely self·contained electronic image memory system. Specially designed for high-volume (525 li ne) applications. With a price tag to suit the discriminating buyer. It stores alphanumeric, graphic and p ictoria l data . It integrates signals (automatically enhancing low leve l images). It converts slow-scan a nd x-y information to TV for mat. . Th e MSC- 1 can make your displays more versatile, more competitive. Write for new brochu re: 2020 Oceanside Blvd., Oceanside, CA 92054. i------------------i Or call (71 4) 757-1200. i·HUGHES , ,i ~ __________________ J HUGHEial- - computer market is largely disk-oriented and Grumman bas sold to or serviced this type of market. Operations, Iomec, PSC Technology, TelefUe Com er Products, offered their peripherals compatible with, and interfaced to, the popular minis. The maj r: -computer manufacturers themselves offer full lines f f.erip}ler . Even devices which have not popularly been asSOCiated with mini-systems showed up with mini-c pute interfac s - graphic terminals from Imlac, Ontel, and Houston Injoy,sfi KS from strument, for example, and trackballs a Singer. In the peripherals area, three devices, none 0 them new, indicate the diversity of the mini-systems, heir- pplications, and the hardware they use. Two varieties of data tablets (from Connecticut neighbors, Scriptographics and Science Accessories) were shown, audio response terminals, and telephone handset card readers and portable terminals were demonstrated by Northern Electric, orthern Telecom, and Transcom. To the long-range thinker, these devices may be the first indications of a revision in input/output terminal concepts, perhaps the beginning of inexpensive, mass-use terminals requiring virtually no operator training. Keyboard-CRT terminals are now routine items, the problem now being to keep track of all of the vendors, rather than to find an adequate terminal. This year's big boom is in teletypewriters and teleprinters. Five years ago, the choice for the system designer was between Teletype's models 33 and 35 and the IBM Selectric I/O; a well-recognized need existed for terminals faster than 15 cps, and under $3000 in price. A major phenomenon in terminal equipment at this year's NCC was the presence of hoardes of teletypewriters and teleprinters, impact and non-impact, ranging up to 165 cps in speed, and in the $2500-$5000 price range, from companies such as Dil An Controls, Printer Technology, Diab~o, Interdata, Odec, Centronics, Computer Devices, Litton, and Facit. The maturity of the mini-computer system business is accompanied by its continued spectacular growth. As we know from the Theory of Bowers' Limit (See May 1973, MODERN DATA) however, exponential growth foreshadows an eventual traumatic re-orientation, and perhaps the seeds of the decline of the mini-computer industry, as we know it today, were visible at NCC, in booths bearing th ames Intel, Automatic Electronic Systems, a mron. 'li:ven as the integrated circuit destroyed on~ming market for cUi ~UfUIl companies transistorized digital modules, to find a1\.- I- -ex:: « c.. u ex:: ...J P P P lation method can be varied, depending upon the type of errors expected: random, burst, or some combination. Although many systems use some .form of CRC, IBM standardized specific CRC calculations for 6- and 8-bit characters. IBM 's CRCs are transmitted as part of the Binary Synchronous line procedure in transparent mode and are 12 and 16 bits in length . A CRC is less susceptible to error bursts and also more efficient than a combined parity check and LRC. However, the cost to implement a CRC is greater. The CRC can be increased in size to provide more redundancy and, therefore, to increase the probability of detecting an error. If increased enough, a CRC can be used to correct as well as detect errors and therefore becomes a forward error correcting code. This method is used only when block retransmission is not adequate, since it may reduce the real data transmission rate by as much as 50%. The cost is conSiderably more than the simpler CRC calculation. Other forms of error detection have been developed, including the simple scheme of counting all the 1 bits in a P P8 b2 b3 * * * bn BITS Fig . 2 - e1 e2 * * * en CRC BITS Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC). block and transmitting this binary sum with the block. Another uses an LRC which checks the first bit of the first character, the second bit of the second character, and so on, to the eighth bit of the eighth character (for an 8-bit character) and continues with the first bit of the ninth character until the end of the block . Of all the methods available, the character parity and LRC are the most common. The CRC is increasing in use as ... its implementation cost is reduced. CHARACTER PARITY BITS Fig. 1 - Character Parity and Longitudinal Record Check (LR C). MODER N DATA / AUGUST 1 973 Gary Audin is a di rector of system projects for Informatics Inc ., River Edge, N.J ., and is a regular contr ibutor to this co lumn . 39 Wbat ~atb 1iabbage Wrougbt A TEST FOR SYSTEMS ANALYSTS INSTRUCTIONS: Read each question carefully. Answer all questions. Time limit: 4 hours. Begin immediately. SOCIOLOGY: Estimate the sociological problems tchich might accompany the end of the world. Construct an experiment to test your theory. HISTORY: Describe the history of the papacy from its origins to the present day, concentrating especially, but not exclusively, on its social, political, economic, religious, and philosophical impact on Europe, Asia, America, and Africa. Be brief, concise, and specific. ENGINEERING: The disassembled parts of a highpowered rifle have been placed on your desk. You will also find an instmcUon manual, printed in Swahili. In 10 minutes a hungry Bengal tiger will be admitted to the room. Take whatever action you feel appropriate. Be prepared to justify your decision. MEDICINE: You have been provided with a razor blade, a piece of gauze, and a bottle of Scotch. Remove your appendix. Do not suture until your work has been inspected. You have fifteen minutes. PUBLIC SPEAKING: 2500 riot-crazed aborigines are storming the classroom. Calm them. You may tlSe any ancient language except Latin 01' Greek. BIOLOGY: Create Life, Estimate the differences in subsequent human culture if this form of life had developed 500 million years earlier, with special attention to its probable effect on the English parliamentary system. Prove your thesis. MUSIC: Write a piano concerto. Orchestrate and perform it with flute and drum. You will find a piano under your seat. PSYCHOLOGY: Based on your knowledge of their works, evaluate the emotional stability, degree of adjustment, and repressed frustrations of each of the following: Alexander of Aphrod'isias, Rameses II, Gregory of Nicia, Hammurabi. Support your evaluation with quotations from each man's w ork, making appropriate references. It is not necessary to translate. ECONOMICS: Develop a realistic plan for refinancing the national debt. Trace the possible effects of your plan in the follOWing areas: Cubism, the Donatist controversy, the wave theory of light. Outline a method for preventing these effects. Criticize this method from all possible points of view. Point out the deficiencies in your point of view, as demonstrated in your answer to the last question. POLITICAL SCIENCE: There is a red t elephone on the desk beside you. Start W orld War III. Report at length on its socia-political effects if any. EPISTEMOLOGY: Take a position for or against truth. Prove the validity of your stand. PHYSICS: Explain the nature of matter. Include in your answer an evaluation of the impact of the development of mathematics on science. PHILOSOPHY: Sketch the development of human thought, estimate its significance. Compare with the develop1nent of any other kind of thought. GENERAL KNOWLEDGE: Describe in detail. Be objective and specific. Various versions of this "examination" have b ee n sub:nitted to MODERN DATA since. 1971 by at least a half-dozen WHBW enthusiasts. It has appeared in Contact, a publication of United Computing Systems, Inc., and in the Kansas City DPMA Newsl ette r. 40 MODERN DATA / AUGUST 1973 • COMPUTER FACILITY SUPPORT EQUIPMENT AND SYSTEMS Part 2 Environmental Control Fire Protection & Security Systems This concluding part of Modern Data's Profile on EDP facility support hardware consists of three articles covering equipment and systems Iused to protect the c.omputer room from the , hazards of heat, humidity, fire, and sabotage. The operation, applications, and manufacturers of air conditioning, fire suppression and detection, and data and access security products " tailored to computer site needs are discussed, complementing last month's survey on power support equipment. John A. Murphy • Associate Editor, MODERN DATA • The control and maintenance of computer facilities at precise levels of temperature and humidity are prime prerequisites for trouble-free operation. Although the many spec sheets issued by EDP equipment manufacturers claim that hardware may function at temperatures ranging from 50' to 95' F and a relative humidity (RH) of 20% to 90%, actual computer room Site-requirements for the major mainframes are much more stringent. A computer "comfort index" of 72' F ± 2' and an RH level of 50% ± 5% is the norm. Deviations above or below these critical values are bound to cause malfunctions in system operations. ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS Afflictions which plague many computer installations with inadequate or improperly-designed environmental conditioning systems involve the following: Poor Temperature Control & Air Distribution - Most computer equipment is 'cooled internally by air drawn in from floor-level vents. Cooling air is forc ed past heat producing circuitry or components, heated, and then discharged upwards towards the ceiling. Improper distribution or delivery of cooling air to the computer intake vent, or an overall lack of cooling system capacity, results in higher operating t emperatures and increased component failure. High Relative Humidity Levels - Moisture-laden air with an RH in excess of 80% corrodes electrical contacts, causing equipment malfunction or total failure. High humidity levels can also effect the operation of paper-handling EDP devices (card/ paper tape readers and punches, OCR readers, printers). Paper expands in excessive RH environments, resulting in an increased incidence of card jams, forms misfeeds, etc. Low Relative Humidity Levels - Static electricity associa ted with low RH levels effects the operation of magnetic tape or disk, and paper-handling peripherals. Static discharge disrupts read-write operations for tapes and disks, and the presence of static charges on paper surfaces brings on jams or misfeeds due to paper sticking. 42 ENVIRONMENTAL SOLUTIONS The first step in solving an existing environmental problem - or in designing a support system for a new EDP facility - is to iso lat e the com put er room from ex t e rnal heat / humidity sources and sinks. Site Selection and Preparation - The preferred location for a computer room is in an interior building area free of windows and adjacent to conditioned office or factory space. Where an external site location is mandatory (exposure to an outside building wall or to adjacent unconditioned areas), windows should be partitioned-over or thermopane glass installed. Doors that access outdoor or unconditioned areas should be gasketed. Double-door configurations should also be considered where traffic in and out of the computer room is high. The computer room site should be insulated and vaporproofed. Vapor-proofing is a must, even for sites adjacent to conditioned areas. Building or office air conditioning opera tes at RH ranges of 20% to 30%; maintaining a computer room at 50% RH with an inadequate vapor barrier is almost impossible - even with an over-capacity computer air conditioning unit. Fresh air input (makeup air) for ventilation of computer facilities should be filtered to remove dust particles. For large installations - those requiring over 200 CFM of ventilation or over 7000 square feet in area - or smaller facilities fed from an unconditioned area, a separate makeup air system is required. This system filters, heats / cools, and controls the humidity of ventilation air to rough tolerances, not necessarily equal to those required by the computer room. Packaged Computer Air/Environmental Conditioners Simple comfort air conditioning units or systems built for human consumers cannot meet the critical conditioning requirements of computer equipment. Besides differences in relative humidity levels (20% to 30% RH for humans versus 45% to 55% for computers), other variations in conditioning are encountered. A typical office, 1000 square feet in area, requires from 2.5 to 6.5 tons of conditioning; an equal size computer room needs from 10 to 20 tons. Likewise, cool air circulation for this same office area is at rates of 1000 to 2500 CFM; the computer facility would require from 4000 MODERN DATA l AUGUST 1973 PRODUCT PROFILE (on't O\ TABLE 1 COOLiNG LOAD CALCULATION GUIDE* Unit / Component to 10,000 CFM. Most computer facilities also experience periodic changes in equipment placement, brought about by system expansion or site relocation. The air conditioning system must, therefore, be flexible enough to allow for such rearrangements of processing equipment with a minimum expenditure of time, labor, and money. Packaged air/environmental air conditioning systems have been designed to meet the varied needs of computer operations. These packaged systems come complete with internal cooling, heating, and humidification modules, and sensitive, fast response controls to maintain temperature and RH within critical computer limits. They are configured with high efficiency air filters and fan assemblies which ensure the flow of clean conditioned air in the computer room. Packaged units are mobile. They can be moved within an existing site or to a new location. They are also very flexible when employed with raised floor computer installations. Using the raised floor area as a plenum, packaged conditioners can deliver cool air dir~ctly to floor-level equipment intake vents via strategically placed and adjustable floor grill panels. New equipment arrangements can be easily accommodated by simply moving grill panels. Packaged computer room conditioners come in capacities that allow the dedication of individual units to the separate components of an EDP system. This modularity provides a means of eliminating temperature and humidity "hot" spots that may exist in a large computer room, espeCially sites supplied by ceiling cool air ducts. Operating (electric power) costs will be reduced since only those conditioners servicing an active or heat-producing room area are providing cooling; other units will be on idle status. Modularity also provides for cooling system redundancy. A computer facility requiring 20-tons of conditioning may be supported by three 1O-ton units; continuous op eration IS ensured even if one of the conditioners is out of service . Finally, the availability of packaged systems rated at capacities lower than 10tons allows the economical conditioning of minicomputerbased or small computer systems; cooling power can be configured to the needs of the small system user. COOLING LOADS Table 1 presents the cooling load factors to be considered when calculating the needs of a computer facility. When the computer room is located in an interior area surrounded by conditioned space, only those factors relating to lighting, personnel, makeup air ventilation and computer equipment need be considered. Depending on the type of packaged conditioning system employed (air-, w ater-, glycol- or chilled water-cooled) and system operational levels, one ton of air conditioning capacity equals from 11,000 to 14,000 BTU / hr. Literature available from the manufacturers of packaged air conditioning systems - listed ·in Table 2 -provides more complete details on conditioner capacities and their application in the computer room. MODERN DATA l AUGUST 1973 Exterior Wall Areas excluding windows Thermopane Window Areas clear glass-no protection Thermopane Window Areas glass with shades, blinds, tint Roof Areas with ceil ing underneath Interior Wall Areas exposed to unconditioned areas Ceiling Areas exposed to unconditioned areas Floor Areas exposed to unconditioned areas Lighting Personnel Fresh Air Ventilation @ 1 5CPM per person Computer & Peripheral Equip Growth & Safety Factor Total Cooling Load lII!inimum Sensible Cooling BTU per Hour Load 5 to 11 BTU / hr per square foot dependent on exposure to sun 27 to 77 BTU I hr per square foot dependent on exposure to sun 21 to 51 BTU I hr per square foot dependent on exposure to sun 4 to 7 BTU I hr per square foot dependent on insulation in roof 8 to 1 4 BTU I hr per square foot dependent on partition material 4 BTU I hr per square foot 5 to 9 BTU I hr per square foot dependent on office / factory environment 3.4 BTU I hr per watt 500 BTU I hr per person 340 to 825 BTU / hr per person dependent on conditioning of incoming air 3 .4 BTU / hr per watt 30 % of Total BTU / hr calculated 130% of Total BTU / hr calculated 85 % of Total Cooling Load 'condensed from information provided by Blazer Corp . TABLE 2 COMPUTER ROOM ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONERS For detailed information on package d air/environmental conditioning systems designed specifically for computer faCilities, and on the design and application of such systems, consult the following listing and circle the appropriate number on the Reader ' Inquiry Card. AC Manufacturing Co ., Cherry Hill , N .J ..... .... ... . ....... (5/8 i 11 / 16/ 20-ton units) Airflow Co ., Gaithersburg , Md .. .. ... .. .............. .. .... .. ... (517V2 / 1 0 / 15/20-ton units) Blazer Corp ., East Rutherford , N.J . .. .................... ..... (3% / 4 / 5 / 617 / 8 / 10 / 15 / 20-ton units) Contempo Engineering Co ., Los Angeles, CaL .. .. ........ (5I7V2 / 10 / 15 / 20-ton units) NL Floating Floors, Inc., Toledo, Ohio ......... ..... ......... (3 / 517% / 10 /1 5 / 20-ton units) Liebert Corp ., Columbus , Ohio .... .. ................ ........... (3 / 5 / 6/8 / 10 / 15/20-ton units) Liskey Aluminum , Inc., Baltimore, Md. .. ....... ... ......... (3 / 517 V211 0 / 1 5 / 20-toh units) Pomona Air, Inc., Pomona , Cal. ....... ....... .... .. ........... (5 / 8 / 11 / 1 6 / 21-ton units) Weber Technical Products , Grand Rapids, Mich ......... (5 / 7% / 10/15/ 20-ton units) Westinghouse / Industrial AC Div ., Staunton, Va ......... (7 V2 / 10/ 1 5-ton units) 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 43 INTRODUCTION Since the end of World War II, and particularly during the last decade, the need for advanced, sophisticated fire protection techniques has accelerated rapidly. One thousand square feet of to day's automated industrjal or data processing equipment can have dollar values equivalent to one hundred thousand square feet of yesterday's belt and pulley plants. Electronic systems, presently the heart of data processing and telecommunications operations, are rapidly assuming a major role in commercial, manufacturing, and warehousing functions. Data Processing managers and plant security personnel are constantly faced with the problem of preserving these vital and vulnerable links in their operations. Many manufacturers and utilities have even invested in a complete standby capacity which include contractual agreements to use outside computer facilities and the complete duplication of tapes and other source media for storage at remote sites. Such contingency plans may be essential; but if a disaster should occur, these plans could be costly in affecting a return to normal operation. Although the frequency of incidence is low, insurance underwriters recognize fire as the greatest single cause of a maximum foreseeable loss. Electronic equipment can be replaced and stored data can be duplicated in time, but business interruption caused by a fire could be the beginning of the end for a small company. Even larger firms could ex- perience severe losses from manufacturing downtime; lost customer goodwill; additional expenses incurred in renting or securing facilities - usually on an overtime basis. PROTECTION OF HIGH VALUE DENSITY AREAS A drastic change in the traditional guidelines for the design of fire protection systems is necessary. Characterized as High Value Density, electronic equipment can be worth considerably more than the room or building that houses them. An effective means of minimizing equipment loss and, of even greater importance, eliminating downtime must be provided. Fire protection systems must be capable of: ~ in the sprinkler head releases the water when high temperature (160°-lBO°F) melts a fusible link. But before a ceiling temperature of 160°F is reached, a fire could be well advanced and cause considerable damage. In addition, if the fire occurs within equipment, water can not readily find its way into the cabinet. Although water will not generally cause permanent damage to electronic equipment, a thorough drying must be accomplished before repowering. Conductive sediments in some local water supplies can also cause problems by inducing additional short circuit paths. Water will extinguish or contain the fire, but the time required for " clean-up" should be seriously considered by data processing managers when evaluating possible fire protection systems. Total Hooding systems using a gas as the extinguishing agent are ideal for electronic equipment and stored media. The gas rapidly disperses into all areas of the protected environment. There is no residual damage and no permanent damage to the equipment from gaseous extinguishing agents. Unless there has been fire damage to the equipment, immediate start-up is possible. Until recently only carbon dioxide (C0 2) was available as a gaseous extinguishing agent. But the disadvantage of CO 2 was its danger to personnel. In the concentrations required to extinguish a fire, CO 2 can suffocate a person. A delay in agent discharge is, therefore, required to permit the safe evacuation of personnel from the area. This delay in extinguishment can cause additional fire damage to equipment and facilities. Detecting a fire at its incipient stage; ~ Providing early warning or alarm to enable personnel to attempt hand extinguishment; ~ Automatic (or manual) releasing of extinguishing agent when hand extinguishment fails or when the protected areas are unattended; ~ Utilizing an extinguishing agent that provides rapid ex tinguishment of the fire, that will not damage electronic equipment, and that is safe for people; ~ Providing additional functions, such as signaling the local fire department, shutting down equipment, closing fire dampers - all on an automatic basis. In the past, sprinkler systems have provided the main line of defense. Local building and fire codes and insurance companies have dictated that these systems be used for extinguishing building materials and paper products fires. A valve 44 Joseph P. Gillis holds the position of Systems Engineering Ma.na.ger, Protection Systems Viv., at Fenwal Inc., Ashland, Mass. He joined Fenwal in 1957 as project engineer responsible for the design and testing of protection system components, and later was responsible for the operation of Fenwal's Fire/Explosion Research Facility. Mr. Gillis received a BS in Physics from Boston College, and is a member of American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) and the Combustion Institute. MODERN DATA l AUGUST 1973 PRODUCT PROFILE Joseph P. Gillis • Systems Engineering Mgr., FENWAL INC. ~~ , 1I ' ,,,,, ~ . ~ '~ \ \ . ~ Protection HIGH RATE DISCHARGE EXTINGUISHER DETECT·A·FIRE AI C WIRING & SHUTDOWN CIRCUITRY ISOLATED FROM ALL FIELD RUNS CONTROL POWER UNIT BATTERY STANDBY POWER UNIT Fig. 1 - Typical Halon Fire Suppression System extinguishing agent storage container positioned under raised flooring, and spherical-type container mounted above ceiling panels of a computer room. Other gas agent fire protection systems employ nozzle and piping networks supplied from a central bank of containers to discharge C02 or Halogen in the computer room . MODERN DATA l AUGUST 1973 ~/ 45 Fig. 3 - Fire & Smoke Detectors: Detectors strategically positioned around the computer room or in processor equipment are tied into a central alarm and extinguisher control system. Preset to detect critical levels of heat smoke or combustion products, or open flames, the detectors provide a pre-alarm for low-level fires or heat conditions, or activate extinguisher systems when serious fire conditions are present. Just three years ago, in May, 1970, the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) issued a new standard (12A) officially recognizing Halon 1301 as an extinguishing agent, setting forth recommendations for its application. Since then both Factory Mutual and Underwriter Laboratories have tested and approved fire suppression equipment designed specifically for use with Halon 1301. Here was a gaseous ex- ETO~ COMPUTER ERRORS CAUSED BY VOLTAGE PROBLEMS II tinguishing agent that was ideal for High Value Density areas. Unlike CO 2 , Halon 1301 does not extinguish a fire by oxygen displacement; it produces a chemical "chain-breaking" react-ion on the combustion process itself. It is a colorless, odorless, electrically non-conductive gas that is safe for people. A summary of the properties of Halon 1301 clearly illustrates its advantages over other extinguishing agents. ,. Most effective agent known - concentrations of 5% or less by volume will control or extinguish fires involving all common combustibles; Non-toxic - can be discharged into areas occupied by personnel; Electrically non-conductive - electronic equipment can function normally during and after extinguishment; Non-damaging to electronic equipment; No residue/no clean-up downtime. Despite the fact that Halon 1301 is more costly than water and CO 2 , it provides the means for total damage control to High Value Density areas. Fire damage, water damage, clean-up, and numerous other factors are additive. An automatic fire suppression system using Halon 1301 can provide protection against property damage, business interruption, additional operating expense and, least recoverable, lost customers . POWERGUARD Leases for only $76.85/010. ...CALL LINDA Collect! (305) 563-8885 AUTOMATIC HALON 1301 FIRE SUPPRESSION SYSTEMS Data Processing errors are often caused by power line voltage fluctuations. PowerGuard continuously monitors any out-of-tolerance conditions down to 0.1 millisecond duration ... 50unding a. warning when one occurs, and permanently recording the amplitude and duration. Simply plug PowerGuard into the same power outlet as your data processing system. It's that easy! Join the hundreds of EDP facilities presently protecting their data integrity with PowerGuard! DATA ~ESEARCH CORPORATION 2601 E. OAKLAND PARK BLVD., FORT LAUDERDALE , FLA. 33306 Fenwal has deSigned and installed nearly two thousand Automatic Halon 1301 Fire SuppreSSion Systems. Approximately two-thirds of these systems are protecting High Value Density electronic equipment areas. Establishing a sound protection systems design philosphy for each application is mandatory. Optimum detection of an alarm condition is key to the entire follow-on fire suppression sequence. An analysis of each particular hazard must be made. Considerations include the recognition of a potentially serious fire at the precise moment it reaches the danger stage, and the signaling of a pre-alarm for the existence CIRCLE NO. 23 ON INQUIRY CARD 46 MODERN DATA / AUGUST 1973 T he resu Its of MODE RN D ATA 's an nual su rvey of the minicomp uter market are now ava ilable in a special resea rch report. . . . . . . ,... ~. . c:::.. . "---:--I.. ... _ ._. . , _~ . - ;~;·ii:TiJ Survey replies from 5,000 participants representing 3,200 m inicomp uter buyer/user organizations are tabulated and analyzed in this unique report. The respondents reported plans to order a total of 23,000 minicomputers plus an assortment of 41,000 miniperipherals this year. I ncluded among the 45 pages of charts and tables are... - ., -- - . -'::~':'.-:-~""J NEW.. + Share-of· market figures for the major minicomputer suppliers + Current installation f igures by model number + Project ion of sa les for the top su ppliers for 197 3 + list of supp liers being considered for sole source procurements and the number of ma inframes to be purchased + Distr ibution of min icomputers by industry secto r, app lication, OEM/end user m ix, and geograph ic location IN THIS YEAR 's REPORT - - - A SPECIAL SECTION ON MINIPERIPHERALS The survey participants indicated the types, quantities, and vendors being considered for their 1973 peripheral product needs. Forecasts of 1973 orders alo ng with share-of-market percentages for the major peripheral manufacturers are presented for the following products: + + + + + Cassette/cartridge tape transports CRT data term inals A dd-o n m ain mem or ies Lin e printers Di sk drives T elepri nters Order your personal copy of this important report today. It offe rs invaluabl e in sights fo r mar keti ng m anagers, invest o rs, periph eral sup p liers, and compo nent vend o rs. Price per copy is inc lud ing U.S. postage. $J.£d' $ 60 r---------- ---- -- ------ , - he industry ex p erienced a 74% increase in wo rld w ide mi nico m pute r l st aliat io ns in 1972, and t he survey p roject ions show another 7 5% lcrease coming th is yea r. Thi s annual su rve y eff ort represe nts t he m ost MODE RN DATA 3 LOC K LAND AVE FRAMINGHAM , MASS. 01701 c;omprehen sive assess m ent o f th e m ush roo ming min ico mputer mark et. Please enter my o rder f or copies o f t he 197 3 MINI COMPUTER MARKET SURVEY at $ )2(1 per copy incl uding U.S. p ostage. $ 60 MODERN DATA 3 Lockland Ave. Framingham, Mass. 01701 (617) 872-4824 o Paym ent o Bill me Co m pa ny _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ ___ Street City ___ _ __ __ _ __ State _ _ _ __ 1-- _ _ MOD ERN DATA l AUGUST 1 97 3 enclosed Purchase Ord er Number _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ __ __ N am e _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ __ _ __ ___ Z ip _ _ _ _ __ 47 PREVENTING SMOKE AT PHILIP MORRIS Three million dollars worth of computers and peripheral equipment at the Philip Morris Central EDP and Business Data Center in suburban Richmond , Va ., now is protected from fire by a total flooding system charged with nearly a half-ton of duPont ' s Halon 1301 extinguishant . Representing one of the most sophisticated fire detection and suppression systems developed for the data processing industry, the Philip Morris unit was designed and installed by Acoustics , Inc., of Charlotte, N .C., with equipment and engineering services provided by Fenwal. Acoustics , Inc ., a broad-based firm offering safety partitioning , air conditioning , noise control , and fire protection system installation services, was awarded the contract for the new system. The system uses ionization detectors for pre-alarm smoke detection and thermal detectors to activate and discharge the Halon 1301 extinguishant. Both operate through a visual annunciator panel which not only pinpoints the location of the fire but transmits an alarm signal automatically to off-plant guard services . CO 2 , which could also be used in a total flooding system , can be discharged safely only after all personnel have evacuated the area because the concentration required does not leave enough oxygen for human survival. And a water system or dry powder was of questionable value because of the possibility that more damage to delicate electronic equipment might resu lt than by the fire itself. The double detection systems is important from an economic standpoint . It prevents discharge of t he relatively expensive, but highly effective , Halon 1 301 in a situation where the fire is so small it can be controlled with a hand extinguisher, or where the temperature rise might be due to some cause other than a fire . The thermal detector is a rate-compensated type which activates the Halon discharge system only if temperatures exceed 140°F. Temperature increases that might occur if the air conditioning system became inoperative on a hot day will not trip the extingu ishant system. The computer center, which operates 24-hours a day, five days a week, handles daily business transactions which Philip Morris officials estimate result in annual operating revenues in excess of $ 1-billion . It went into operation in 1964, but until last fall the computer room was protected from fire only by manually-operated CO 2 extinguishers and a light beam system which , when interrupted, triggered an audible alarm and transmitted a signal to an ADT office in Richmond . ADT then called a Richmond city fire station about three miles away - a fiv e- to six-minute run to the computer center. An important factor in the choice of the Halon system was that it required only a 5 % concentration to extinguish fire , allowing plenty of oxygen for human survival. This meant extra protection for both equipment and the employees in the area since the agent could be discharged immediately upon detection of a serious fire. Acoustics Inc . designed the Halon 1301 system around Fenwal equipment, with 25 detection points in the sixroom computer complex . The computer room itself, a 72by-40-foot room conta ining ' an IBM 360 / 20 , a 360 / 40 , and a 360 / 50 , is monitored at 16 different points and protected by six 98-pound spherical Halon containers above the ceiling and two 33-pound floor-mounted spheres serving under-the-floor nozzles . Three sensors monitor the data processing room , which is protected by two 84-pound spheres of extinguishant . The tape library is monitored by two sensors with a single 87-pound sphere . Two sensors and a 33-pound sphere protect the engineering room . The transformer room and staff office are protected by one 41pound sphere with one sensor in each room . All 25 positions are shown visually on a scale layout annunciator panel so that the location of a tripped sensor can be pinpointed immedi at ely. Wh en a sensor is activated it also trips an extremely loud " high-low tone " warning horn . The Halon 1301 extinguishing system grew out of a need to install a raised floor in the computer room to eliminate the hazard created by densely- packed cables in trenches under the floor and to provide better access to the complex wiring and circuitry serving the electronic equipment. This resulted in a complete review of hazard protection for the entire computer operations area . Since computer operations cou ld not be discontinued to permit normal installation of the raised floor and Halon 1301 extinguishing system , Acoustics did most of their work on weekends when the Operations Center was closed , constructing a new floor 6 V2 inches above the original one, and reinstalling the computers . Lift-up floor pan els allowed the installation of detector circuits, extinguishant lines and discharge nozzles , and reroute computer circuits. The entire system was installed, tested , and operative with no loss of computer time or break in operations . of a lesser fire or overheat condit ion t o allow on-sit e person- • Pre-Alarm combustion products (ionization detectors) . nel to t ake corrective action. Once detection has been ac- • Extinguishing agent release by rate-compensated thermal detectors or cross -zoned product of combus tion detectors . Discharge time to be 5 seconds (10 seconds max) . complished, the commi tm ent of the system to high-speed agent r elease becomes important. Extensive tes ting by F enwal, E.I. duPont (mfrs. of H al on 1301) and others h as shown that agent effectiveness is increased and the degree of decomposition decreased as dischar ge tim e i s reduced. Evidence of this was confirmed when the NFP A standard w as amended in May, 1971 to improve discharge time t o 10 sec- • Agent concentration of 5 % by volume based on total flooding . This concentration includes main room, sub -floor, and volume above false ceiling if this is plenum or part of recirculate'd air. charge time. • Provide ancilliary functions, such as local and l or re mote fire alarms; programmed proces s shutdown; close fire dampers, etc. The following approach i s typical when designing a fire protection system for electronic equipment areas . Automatic fire suppression systems are designed t o t ake full advantage of the excellent fire extinguishing capabiliti es onds. Originally the st andard allowed 30 seconds for dis- 48 MODERN DATA l AUGUST 1973 PRODUCT PROFILE Tables 1 and 2 present listings of the manufacturers of fire protection or detection products . I nformative literature on the need , operation, and application of fire prevention systems may be obtained by referencing these tables and using the Reader Inquiry Card . In addition , the following special reports, case studies, and publications on computer room fire protection systems are available from in su rance or industry associations. Protection Of Electronic Computer/ Data Processing Equipment - NFPA No. 75; Carbon Dioxide Extinguishing Agent Systems - NFPA No. 12, and Halogenated Extinguish ing Agent Systems - NFPA No . 12A, all available from the National Fire Protection Association, 60 Batterymarch Street, Boston, Mass. 02110. Recommended Good Practice For The Protection Of Electronic Data Processing And ComputerControlled Industrial Processes, available from the Factory Insurance Association, Hartford, Chicago, and San Francisco. Halon 1301 Computer Fire Test Program, available from E.1. du Ponti Freon Products Division, Wilmington, Del. 19898 Extinguishment Of Fires In Electronic Computer Rooms with Halon 1301, available from Underwriters Laboratories, Northbrook, Illinois. TABLE 1 FIRE SUPPRESSION/PROTECTION SYSTEMS For additional information on the operation or application of gas-extinguisher fire protection systems, ref erence the following listing and circle the appropriate number on the Reader Inquiry Card. The Ansul Co ., Marinette , Wisc . .. .... .. ..... .... ... ................... .... ..... . ... (C02 & Ha lon systems) Chemtro n Corp ., Ch icago, III. .... .. .... ........... ... ..... ..... .. .... ... .. ......... .. (C02 & Halon systems) Fenwal Inc . / Protection Systems Div. , Ashland , Mass.. .. .. .. .... ...... .... . (Halon systems) Walter Kidde & Co ., Beltville , N.J ........... .. .. ...... ............................. (C02 & Halon systems) Norris Industries , Newark, N.J .... .. .......... ....................................... (Halon systems) Safety First Products Corp. , Elmsford , N.Y...................... .. ... .. .. ....... (Halon systems) Star Sprinkler / Noxfire Div ., Phil adelphia, Pa .. .... .... .. .. .. ...... .. .......... . (Halon sprinkler units) 111 112 113 114 115 116 TABLE 2 SMOKE/FIRE DETECTION & ALARM PRODUCTS The EDPer interested in only a passive, first-line-of-defense-solution to fire protection via detection systems, or in employing a more sensitive alarm system with an existing suppression system, can obtain details on smoke/fire detection products by utilizing the following listing and the Reader Inquiry Card. Note that the manufacturers of fire suppression/protection systems cited in Table 1 also configure complete detection/alarm controls with their own equipment. Alarm Products Int ., Inc ., Long Island City, N.Y..... ....... .. ................ (smoke detectors) Alpha-Larm / Hochiki America, Hawaiian Gardens, Cal. .......... ........... (smoke / fire detectors & alarm systems) Benedict Electronics, Inc ., Schenectady, N. Y.. ............ ........ ............. (gas/ smoke / fire detectors & alarm systems) BRK Electronics , Inc ., Aurora , III .. .. .. ........ ...... .. .... ...... .. .. ........ .... .. .. (gas / smoke / fire detectors & alarm systems) Detectron Security Systems, Inc ., Sag Harbor, N.Y. ........................ (smoke / fire alarm systems) Monaco Enterprises , Inc. , Spokane , Wash ...................................... (smoke / fire alarm systems) Mosler Safe Co. , Hamilton , Oh io ...... .... ........ .. .... .. ........ .... ............ . (smoke / fire a larm systems) Pyrotronics, Cedar Knolls , N.J. .. .. .. .. .... .. .................... .. .. ................ (computer room gas / smoke / fire detection systems) of Halon 1301. Highly effective detection devices are combined with specially-designed components for high-speed agent discharge. Individual agent storage containers are located in, or adjacent to, the area to be protected. Little or no piping is required and system reliability is higher. Rapid discharge is assured, hence the fastest possible extinguishment. This minimizes fire damage and insures minimal buildup of decomposition products. Flexibility is an additional benefit that can be derived from Halon systems that employ a modular approach. If future plans require a change in location of the electronic equipment, protection system components can be easily removed and relocated. If the protected area is to be enlarged, detection devices and agent storage containers are simply added to the existing protection system. Likewise, MODERN DATA / AUGUST 1973 110 117 118 1 19 120 121 122 123 1 24 small systems or minicomputer facilities may also be accommodated by a modular system. SUMMARY Both the technology and the tools for the design of an effective system truly to minimize fire loss in electronic equipment are available. As with anything innovative, there is an uphill struggle to achieve general acceptance. A major obstacle has been the inherent inertia of the fire protection industry itself. Acceptance of concept and use of Halon 1301 is accelerating as field experience is gained. The future promises significant strides in meeting the requirements of the data proceSSing · manager and of plant security personnel. - Total Damage Control for High Density Areas. £ 49 PRODUCT PROFILE (urily John A. Murphy • The broadest interpretation of total security for a computer facility encompasses both the control of access to data contained in the processor, and the protection of the computer physical plant from environmental, act of God, or human induced hazards. This concluding section of MD's Product Profile on Computer Facility Support Equipment and Systems covers hardware or equipment used to limit access to data and the computer room. DATA SECURITY Present software controls for data security employ simple routines to check user or terminal ID codes, or more complex user-classification or data protect multilevel access tables to limit access to programs and data files . Since all security routines and tables reside in the operating system, the OS itself must be secure from unauthorized access. The security of most - if not all - mainframe-m anufacturer-su pplied OS systems can be compromised by a determined and knowledgeable systems programmer. A number of mainframe producers and users are, therefore, studying hardware/software means to optimize data security. Hardware devices for data security applications are available. They take the form of cryptographic encoders/decoders that are attached to 110 50 ports or data transmission terminals. The key to the operation of these "Bondish" devices is their ability to "scramble" data before transmission or storage, and to "unscramble" it after reception or retrieval. Cypher code combinations and random sequence generation lengths are so great that the probability of breaking the encoded message is almost nil. Such devices ensure the integrity of data transmitted or stored, but do not, by themselves, prohibit unauthorized access to, and the inadvertent or intentional destruction of, stored files. PHYSICAL PLANT SECURITY Topics previously discussed (Power Support Systems in last month's issue, and Environmental Control and Fire Protection Systems in other sections of this Profile) relate to the overall security of a computer physical plant site. The remainder of this article will therefore touch upon equipment used to control access to the computer room and other factors to be considered for total computer security. Access to a computer room can be controlled by a variety of methods. The Simplest to implement involves the installation of special combinationor card-activated locks on computer room doors. If - or when - an individual is discharged, combinations are Associate Editor, MODERN DATA either changed, the individual's card retrieved, or new cards issued to prevent future entry by a. disgruntled exemployee. Next in sophistication - and cost are keypad-combination, and card or keypad-card access control devices with internal memory and logic capabilities. These devices assign a unique ID code/combination to each employee . Some may also employ ID procedures based on the hand contour, fingerprint, or voice characteristics of the individual. An ex-employee's code or card can, therefore, be voided without the need to issue 'new combinations or cards to remaining personnel. Finally, centrally controlled, multiple entry point systems are available for large EDP facility or total building/ office access security. These sys- MODERN DATA l AUGUST 1973 TABLE 1 SECURITY PRODUCTS For details on security hardwm'e, equipment, or systems used to control access to compute1' data or facilities, use the following listing and the Reader Inquiry Card. Data Cypher Encoders / Decoders Com / Tech Systems, Inc., Richmond Hill , N .y .. .. .. .... .................. ... Crypto Industries , San Diego , Cal. ...... .. ...... .. ...... .. ........... . .. ... .. Datotek , Inc ., Dallas , Texas.. .... ... .. . .. ..... .... . .. .. ... ...... ...... .... ... ... .... Grou nd / Data Corp. , Ft. Lauderdale , Fla .............. . . ..... ..... .. .. .. .. ... ITT / Data Equ ipment & Systems Div ., East Rutherford , N .J.. .......... .. 125 126 127 128 129 Access Control Devices & Systems American Multiplex Systems, Inc., A naheim, Cal. ................. ...... .... . (access control & alarm systems) C & S Security Devices, Inc. , Olathe , Kansas .. ... ..... ......... ... .. ... .. .. ... (keypad combination lock) Cardk ey Systems, Chatsworth , Cal. .. .... ... . (acce ss control systems) Data lock Electronics Corp ., Sacramento , Cal. .. ... ....... ....... .... .. ... ...... (keypad combination lock) Damon / Sentraco n, W estwood , M ass. .... ........................ . ..... ........ . (access control & alarm systems) . ..... ...... . .. . .. ..... ... .. ... ... .... .... .. . Detex Corp ., Chicago , III . .... (access contro l & alarm systems) Diebold , Inc. , Canton , Ohio ... .. .. ... .. .. .. .. . (access co ntrol & alarm systems) . .. Eaton / Security Products & Systems, Cl eveland , Ohio ........ ..... . (acces s co ntrol & alarm syste m s) General Binding Corp ., Northbrook, III. . ... ...... ... .. ....... ............ ...... .. (access control & alarm systems) Hol obeam , Inc ., Paramus, N .J ............ . ........ ............. . ...... .. ... . .. .... . (access control systems) Identimation , Northvale , N .J ...... ...... ........................ ..... ... ..... ...... (hand-contour I D access contro l systems) KMS Security Systems, Roseville, Mich ........................ ... .... ...... . (fingerprint ID access control systems) Lockn etics / Sichertron Corp ., Bri stol , Conn ........ .. .... ......... .... ........... (access control systems) Mosler Safe Co ., Hami lton , Ohio .... ..... .. .... ... ....... ...... ................... (access control system) Notifier Corp ., Lincoln , Neb .. ... .... ...... ... ........................... . (access control & alarm systems) Panasonic , New York, N .Y .......... ... ..... ...... .... .... ........ .. . . (card-keypad ID terminals) Preso-Matic Lock Co ., Lyons, II I. ..... (keypad combinat ion lock) Rusco El ectron ic Systems , Pa sa dena , Cal. . ... .. ... . ... .. . .. .... ..... ... .. ... ... (a ccess control & alarm systems) Sargent & Greenl eaf , Inc ., Rochester, N .Y . ... ..... .................. . (keypad combination lock) Sescoa, Scottsdale , Ari z . ................... .. .... ...... .. ..... ... . .. ... . (access contro l & alarm systems) Sim pl ex Security System s, Collinsville, Ct . (pushbutton combinati on lock) Threshold Technolog y, Inc ., Cinnaminson , N .J ...... .. .. ... .... .. . (voice recogn ition I D access control sy stem) Union Security System s Co rp. , Pl attsburg, N .Y . ......... .. .. .. ... ... ...... . .. (pushbutton combination lock) 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 terns provide multi-leveL "need-to-access" codi ng in addition to unique personnel codes, and can also monitor and log "time-in/tiroe-out" attendance. Other features that may be conligured into such security systems include TVmonitored area and entry surveilance, intmder, and fire alarm capabilities. OTHER SECURITY ASPECTS Other factors should be considered when securing a computer facility. The computer room should be located in an interior building area (also recommended for environmental control) as free as possible from "fish-bowl" type window partitioning. If windows are needed for corporate image cosmetics (yes Virginia, we have a computer!), they should be shatterproof, even for interior site locations. In locales subject to floods, the computer facility should be located in upper floors or in buildings that are at above-flood stage levels. Tape, disk, or source card decks should be stored in fire proof safes or vaults that are completely closed when not attended. ... 139 140 141 142 143 144 ACCESS CONTROL SYSTEMS .SURVEY 145 146 147 148 149 Just completed thorough survey of all available equipment including how-it-works and how to choose the right system for your application. 150 151 152 Survey includes .._ ...... ._._._ ................. . pushbutton . . . microfilm card. . . hand geometry fingerprint Fire Proof Safes & Vaults Bal ly Case & Cooler, Inc ., Bally, Pa. ......... ............ .... .. ............ .... .... Diebold , Inc ., Canton , Ohio ..... ... .. ... ... ..... ... .......... ... .. .. ........ .......... Mosler Safe Co ., Hamilton , Ohio ....... ........ .. ... ..... ........ ..... ....... . .... Schwab Safe Co ., Lafayette, Ind ................... . ... .. ....... .... ... .. ....... .. .. Sperry Rand / Victor Systems, Blue Bell , Pa . ... ........ .... ... .. ...... ..... .... Wright Line , Worcester , M ass ...... ... ........ ..... .. ... ......... ... MOD ERN DATA / AUGUST 197 3 153 154 155 156 157 158 For more information on how to obtain your copy of this informative survey, see ad on page 15. 51 NEW PRODUCTS TTY·COMPATIBLE CRT TERMINAL TELEPRINTER PROJECTOR The 2510T Teleprinter Projector allows the projection of hard copy printer output onto screens of up to 18' X 18' in area. The terminal accessory is compatible with a variety of teleprinters, including the IBM 2741, TTY 33, and Datel 30, and can be used as a communications aid in briefing sessions, conferences, seminars or lectures, and MIS or stock quotation environments. The 2510T causes teleprinter 110 copy to be printed directly onto mylar film which is automatically advanced over a transparency lense for screen projection. I.P. Sharp Assoc., Ogdensburg, N. Y. DeSigned for both end users and OEMs who desire CRT display capabilities for Teletype operations, the Hazeltine 1000 Video Display Terminal provides a 960 character screen, full alphanumeric keyboard, and 9600 bps communications at a Single-unit price of $1,790. The unit also offers half-/full-duplex transmission , parity generation and checking, and RS-232-C interfacing. Options include upper Ilower case display, answerback, 202C interfacing, and an auxiliary RS-232 interface for printer, cassette, or other peripherals. Hazeltine Corp., Greenlawn, N. Y. Circle No. 273 on Inquiry Card Circle No. 281 on Inquiry Card PDp·8 DRUM STORAGE The Data Store 6000 is a complete 3M-type magnetic tape cartridge storage system that plugs directly into the minicomputer data bus. The system provides up to 2.8Mbytes of storage per tape with a transfer rate of 6K to 24Kbytes per second. Other features include a 90 ips block search speed, fixed or variable block lengths, random block data access, and programmed data transfer on an 8-bit, 12-bit, or 16bit word basis. End-user price of a Single-drive system with controller, interface, power supply, cables, and software is $3,600; a 4-drive system is priced at $7,250. Minicomputer R esources, Inc., Tampa, Fla. DeSigned for use with DEC PDP-8 /e, and -81M minicomputers, the Datum Model 5100 is a self-contained, modular, word-addressable head-pertrack drum storage system that comes complete with drive, controller, and all interconnecting hardware. The 5'100 provides from 262K to 1.05M words of storage, accessible in an average time of 16.9 millisec. Data transfers may vary in length from one to 4056 words; contiguous transfers spiraling across data tracks are handled automatically. The drum system is a direct replacement for DEC's RF08/RS08 disk and controller, and operates via a threecycle data-break facility that is built into the 5100 controller. Basic 262K modules mount within PDP-8/e and -8/F enclosures with no need for mechanical modifications. Model 5100 controllers can handle up to four 262K modules, expansion drums, and power supplies being supplied in a separate chassis. Base price for the Model 5100 Drum Storage System is $6,750. Datum, Inc., Anaheim, Cal. Circle No. 292 on Inquiry Card Circle No. 294 on Inquiry Card INTELLIGENT DISPLAY TERMINAL Incorporating a built-in MOS microprocessor, the Omron Model 8025 CRT display terminal uses a data bus organization to directly address up to 16K of ROM andlor RAM memory. The basic 8025 terminal features a 15-inch diagonal, 1920-character CRT, acoustic feedback, ASCII keyboard, protected fields, and a RS-232-C interface. The terminal can operate in either half- or full-duplex at switch-selectable speeds up to 9600 baud. Options include special function keys, custom keyboard arrangements, foreign character sets, a 4function math program, and interfaces for cassette, printer, card reader, and other peripherals. Base price for the Model 8025 is $2,350. Omron Systems, Inc., Sunnyvale, Cal. -8/F, MINICOMPUTER TAPE STORAGE 52 Circle No. 286 on Inquiry Card MEDIUM-SCALE COMPUTER Expanding their family of 24-bit computers, Datacraft has introduced the Slash 4, a 750 nanosecond processor for scientific and real-time applications. A basic configuration with 24 Kbytes of memory, parity, hardware multiply-diVide-square root, four external priority interrupts, five registers, an 8-bit 110 channel, and basic software is priced at $19,000. A hardware Hoating pOint processor, offering double precision Hoating point arithmetic (39-bit mantissa plus 8-bit exponent), is available as an option. A typical Slash 4 system with a 74 Kbyte CPU, hardware Hoating point, 11 Mbyte disk, 200 LPM printer, card reader, TTY, and supporting software goes for under $85,000. Datacraft, Ft. Lauderdale, Fla. Circle No. 275 on Inquiry Card MODERN DATA / AUGUST 1973 MINICOMPUTER FLOPPY DISK STORAGE The FDF 100 flexible (Boppy) disk file and controller is compatible with PDP-B, PDP-ll, and Nova series minicomputers. Offering per disk capacities of 262 Kbytes, the system may be expanded in one drive (disk) increments to 1.05 Mbytes on a daisy-chain basis. Data transfer is 250 Kbps on a DMA or 110 port interlace. The system comes with driver and diagnostics software, interlace for a particular mini, controller and formatter, and is compatible with mini-maker supplied DOS software. Databus Corp., Westbury, N.Y. Circle No. 319 on Inquiry Card TELEPRINTER TERMINAL The Series 200 teleprinter operates at speeds up to 240 cps, using an electrostatic 7 x 9 matrix print mechanism. Printing format proVides up to 80 characters per line from a 96character set. The 200 can be configured in RO or key input models, and plug-in modularity allows easy terminal enhancement or maintenance. Standard features include paper-out signal and alarm, adjustable margin, print density control, and push button paper advance. Switch-selectable data rates start at 75 baud. Scope Data Inc. , Orlando, Fla. Circle No. 310 on Inquiry Card SOFTWARE PACKAGES AND PACKAGED COMPUTER SERVICES MARKET FORECAST Thi s new Frost & $ullivan report states the software package and packaged computer service market, $770 million in 1972, will hit $1.5 billi on in 1975 and pass $2 billion in 1982. The two market areas are now the fastest growing segments of the com puter industry. "FLEXIBLE" DISK DRIVE The Series FX 300 "Flexible" disk drive is designed to provide the same features of larger, flying-head type disk cartridge drives with the storage capacities and prices of cassettes or contact floppy disks. The Model 30, basic drive in the FX 300 line, is available with 64-track, 32, 16, or 8 sectors per track formats, and can store up to 2.2 Mbits. Drive characteristics include an average latency time of B.3 millisec, an average move time of 300 millisec, and a transfer rate of 2.54 Mbits/sec. Storage media consists of a completely enclosed, flexible mylar disk cartridge. A two-drive (disk) configuration, the Model 40, and a TTL/DTL-compatible mini-controller, the FAD, are also available. Pricing for the FX 300 series in OEM quantities is $600 for the basic drive with servo and read / write electronics, and $7.00 per cartridge. Dynastor, Inc., Boulder, Colo. The report includes market trends and forecasts through 1982 for eighteen software packages and eight packaged services. Two thousand users and suppliers of software packages were surveyed re ga rding the future use of software packages. Price $395. Send your check, or we will bill you. For free descript ive literature plus a detailed table of contents contact: =- FROST & SULLIVAN, INC. Ie:::: 106 Fulton Street iiiiiiiiiiiI New York, N. Y. 10038 (212) 233-1080 Circle No. 291 on Inquiry Card MODERN DATA l AUGUST 197 3 53 NEW SOFTWARE AND SERVICES CIP 12200 MINICOMPUTER OS SINGLE-USER PDP-ll OS CiMOS 22 is a disk-b ased, interactive operating system designed for CIP 12200 minicomputer users. By means of the Job Control Language, a user may create, delete, modify and catalog files, and load, execute, or cancel programs. Files may consist of source programs, data, or libraries of relocatable object programs. Processors supplied with this initial release of CiMOS 22 include a relocatable assembler, a linkage editor which permits overlay structures, a text editor for creating or modifying source files, a library maintenance processor, and a system generator. CiMOS 22 110 control is designed to support sequential and random files on disk plus sequential files on TTY s, line printers, card readers, and paper tape. Utilities include disk initialization and directory maintenance, file copy and file list. Cincinnati Milacron, Lebanon, Ohio. DEC has announced the development of a low-cost, single-user operating system for their PDP-ll minicomputer. Called RT -11, the real-time system has library functions that enable data and programs to be stored and retrieved from tape. System programs include: Edit, a text editor; Macro-ll, an upward-compatible PDP-11 assembler; ODT, an on-line debugger; PIP, a peripheral interchange program; Link, a linker and overlay builder; and, optionally, Basic/ RT-ll, a Basic compiler extension. The RT-ll monitor performs synchronous or asynchronous, deviceindependent 110. The resident portion of the monitor includes the system device handler, console terminal handler, and system tables, and requires only 1.25K of memory . The system can mask the unique characteristics of a particular 110 device, so that programs may use a single, coded routine to drive any supported peripheral. RT-ll is designed around a contiguous file structure that admits fast throughput and easy directory manipulation. Mass storage device layout is standardized, consistent with the system's capability for device-independent 110. RT-11 operating system is available through license for $750. Digital Equipment Corp., Maynard, Mass. Circle No. 346 on Inquiry Card 3270 NETWORK DESIGN Berglund Associates have announced a design system for communications networks based on IBM's 3270 display system or independent-supplied equivalents. Termed as Planet70, the system includes a discrete event simulator; a multipoint, polled network synthesizer; and various auxiliary programs such as a response time distribution curve plotter. Simulator logic is based on standard 3270 line discipline, and is useful in specifying display and printer requirements, modems, and line loading. Simulation results are used with the synthesizer to obtain network layouts and comparative coste performance values for the various approaches to system design and response performance. Since the programs operate from usergenerated traffic profiles, they can also be used for assessing new application requirements. This same feature enables prediction of cost savings where an intelligent 3270 equivalent can be used to reduce line transaction rates. Supplied for access via a nationwide timeshare service, the- system allows for interactive design between the analyst and the programs. Installation fee is $2,500, including user training and a post-installation consulting allowance. Berglund Associates, Inc., Moorestown, New Jersey. Circle No. 348 on Inquiry Card 54 Circle No. 350 on Inquiry Card PLOTTING PROGRAM SERVICE A National Drafting Library Network for high-power graphics programs , available to digital plotter users on a timesharing baSis, has been introduced by Adrec, in cooperation with Xynetics. Adrec offers a broad range of programs for civil engineering, circuit design, scientific, and management data graphics. The programs are stored on an IBM 370/155 computer and can be accessed over phone lines by using a Xynetics Remote Job Entry (RJE) drafting system. The RJE system allows users to load program cards at their installations and to use the full power of the large timeshared IBM 370 to process the program data and produce output directly on the user's Xynetics plotter. The Adrec library provides RJE users with a full range of graphics software for a simple usage fee. At present, the library includes civil engineering programs to draw topographic maps, 3D views, exposures, sections, slopes, watershed, and cut-and-fill analysis. Programs are available - using standard COGO output and simple commands - to produce finished drawings for entire projects including streets, rights of way, utility lines, subdivision maps, and perspectives for environmental impact analysis. Othe r programs produce isometric schematics of piping layouts , convert rou gh sketches to finished drawings of circuits diagrams, and provide the capability to do most any kind of graphing of scientific and management data. Xynetics Inc., Canoga Park, Cal. Circle No. 342 on Inquiry Card PDP-112780 EMULATOR The OR! 2780 emulator interfaces with standard DEC DOS, providing complete compatibility with DOS deviceindependent file structures, and can be implemented on PDP-llIlO through PDP-11/45 minicomputers. All standard 2780 functions are available, including multiple record transmission; horizontal tab; EBCDIC character set; transparent or non-transparent modes; automatic blank suppression on input; 80, 120, 132, or 144 character print lines; and card punching. The emulator also eliminates the heed for DEC cyclic-redundancy-check hardware. A dynamic line stabilization routine which adjusts a line settling and transmission algorithm for noisy, transient line conditions is also included. Oregon R esearch Institute, Eugene, Ore. Circle No. 349 on Inquiry Card AED SYSTEM FOR UNIVAC 1108 SofTech has introduced a Univac 1108 version of AED, a systems programming language. AED consists of a compiler, various libraries, and support programs, and facilitates modular programming for the construction of large software systems. The system is especially applicable to situations where design evolution or enhancements are anticipated, or where the programs must be portable from one computer make to another. AED is also used as a development language for minicomputer program development on a large CPU and cross-compiled for use on the target mini. Univac 11013 AED may be purchased for $15,000 . SofTec.h, Waltham, Mass. Circle No. 353 on Inquiry Card MODERN DATAl AUGUST 1973 NEW LITERATURE O EM MINICOMPUTERS CRT TERMINALS Interested in an under $1,000 mInlcomputer? A new brochure from Computer Automation chronicles the story of their Naked Mini/LSI, a full-scale 16-biter priced at $990 in OEM quantities of 200. In addition to the evolutionary history of the Naked Mini/LSI, the brochure covers in detail the performance and hardware features of the p rocessor and its companion fullyclothed brother, the Alpha/LSI, including descriptions of supporting Real-Time Executive, Operating System, Conversational Assembler, and Basic compiler software. Computer Automation, Inc., Irvine, Cal. A short form catalog is available on Ann Arbor's 15 standard Series 200 CRT display controllers, free-standing keyboards, and video monitors. Controllers described include parallel and serial RO types in character addressable, cursor addressable, and burst load configurations; and cursor addressable serial KSR types. Ann Arbor Terminals, Ann Arbor, Mich. Circle No. 370 on Inquiry Card Circle No. 394 on Inquiry Card SCIENTIFIC/MEDICAL PROGRAMMING GUIDE WE SUPPLY MORE THAN DATA WE SUPPLY INFORMATION Each of our reports has been designed not just to present facts but to offer a methodology of how to use these facts to im plement an efficient and economical data processing system. We haven't covered all the significant problem areas yet but we are getting there! • Data Entry Data Entry Today Optical Readers Today A self-learning text describes the use of FIXED HEAD DISK STORAGE Complete specifications are available on the Fastrack 3 family of high capacity, high speed head-per-track disk memories. Designed for real-time, virtual memory or other fast access, short swap time applications, Fastrack 3's are available with capacities of 15.4, 23, 46, or 92.2 Mbits, access times of 8.4 or 5 millisec, and data transfer rates of 7.2 or 12 MHz, bit-serial. Pacific Micronetics, Inc., San Diego, Cal. Circle No. 374 on Inquiry Card SYSTEMS PROGRAMMING A guide to the applications of systems software to high performance computer operations, relating the needs of EDPers in the design of operating systems, compilers, real-time systems, and data management systems, is available from CSC. Other subjects covered include m i nico m puter software and hardwa re/ software evaluation. Computer Sciences Corp., Los Angeles, Cal. Nutran, a Fortran-like conversational language for scientific and medical data acquisition and analysis. Nutran is applicable to any commercial or industrial problem requiring a minicomputer and a simple language for performing computations and large volume data 110. Available 01} a letterhead request basis from: Nuclear Data Inc. , P.O.B. 451, Palatine, Ill. 60067. SOLID STATE MEMORY AMS has released a data sheet on their line of Basic Storage Unit (BSU) semiconductor PC card memory modules. The BSUs come in 1 Kword increments up to. 4K, and in word sizes of up to 18-bits, with 300 nanosec access and 350 nanosec cycle times. Advanced Memory Systems, Sunnyvale, Cal. Circle No. 383 on Inquiry Card MINICOMP UTER PRINTER/PLOTTER Solutions to problems in the world of real-time processing are outlined in a bulletin on SEL's 85/ 86 32-bit systems. Systems Engineering Labs, Ft. Lauderdale, Fla. An answer to minicomputer users' needs for print/ plot capabilities is discussed in a new release from Gould D a ta Systems. The Gould 5000, an electrostatic printer/ plotter that features such characteristics as a 1200 LPM print rate, a 132-character line, an d a pl o tt ing r eso luti on of 100 dots / inch vertically and horizontally, is reviewed in a product folder. Also covered are printing and plotting software packages for minicomputer application. Gould Data Systems, Newton, Mass. Circle No. 372 on Inquiry Card Circle No. 371 on Inquiry Card Circle No. 398 on Inquiry Card REAL·TIME PROCESSING MOD ERN DATA l AUG U ST 1973 • EDP Evaluation EDP Facility Evaluator • EDP Planning Forecast 80: Data Processing • EDP Current Awareness Monthly EDP In-Depth Reports • Time Sharing Time Sharing Directory Time Sharing Packages Management Information Systems and Banking and Finance • Da ta Processing Seminars Training We haven't enough space to describe each publication. Drop us a note or circle the appropriate num ber on the inquiry card and we will send you our brochure in return mail with a copy of The Computer Family Tree, an illustrated growth of computer systems, as our gift for your inquiry. You can't lose ! Managem ent Information Corp. 140 Barclay Center Cherry Hill, New Jersey 08034 609-4 28-1020 Circle No . ~On Inqu iry Card 55 NEW LITERATURE CONSULTING & MANAGEMENT SERVICES Brandon Applied Systems has issued a series of one-page summaries outlining their EDP consulting and management services. Brandon's capabilities include program conversion, system conversion, and system updating; the evaluation or planning data processing systems; formulation of standards for system development, programming, operations, and documentation; resource management and planning; and ' training and educational consulting. Brandon Applied Systems, Inc., New Yark, N. Y. Circle No. 378 on Inquiry Card GRAPHICS SYSTEM SYSTEM 3 MEMORY Digitizer, graphic display, plotter, processor and software products configured into DSI's Sketch-Prep Automated Graphics Information System are discussed and illustrated in a new brochure. Dimensional Systems, Inc., Lexington, Mass. A data sheet covers the Mod 10 + , replacement! expansion main memory for IBM System 3 model 10 mainframes. The Mod 10 + is available in expansions of 8K to 48K, and is fully compatible with IBM hardware/software. Fabri-Tek Inc., Minneapolis, Minn. Circle No. 368 on Inquiry Card Circle No. 382 on Inquiry Card INDEX TO ADVERTISERS AIRFLOW CO . ... ...... .. .... .. ... ........ ... .... ... ...... .. ... ................... ..... ... ....... ..... ... 36 AVTEL CORP. AN AIRTRONICS SUBSIDIARY ................................................ .... .... .. .... 19 BERGLUND ASSOCIATES. INC .................................................................. 14 DAA USER'S GUIDE The guide for terminal users describes the technical requirements and ordering procedures for specifiying proper Data Access Arrangements. W estern Union Data Services, Mahwah, N.J. Circle No. 381 on Inquiry Card CALIFORNIA COMPUTER PRODUCTS. INC ......... ........................................ 1 CINCINNATI MILACRON PROCESS CONTROLS DIV ..... .. ...... .. .. .. .. .. ........... .. .. ..... ..... ...... ..... .......... . 9 DATA RESEARCH CORP ............... ................ .... .... ....... ...... .......... .. ............ 46 DIGITAL EQUIPMENT CORP ............. .... .............................................. 28. 29 ELECTRONIC ASSOCIATES. INC ... ........................... ..... .......... ... ............... .. 2 FROST & SULLIVAN. INC ..... ........... ....... ..... ........ .. .... .. .. ..... ..... .................. 53 WORD PROCESSING SYSTEM A series of brochures are available detailing the characteristics and applications of Documate, a minicomputerbased text input, formatting, edit, and word processing system. Index Systems/Documate, Cambridge, Mass. ' Circle No. 379 on Inquiry Card GTE INFORMATION SYSTEMS ........................................................... 22. 23 GENERAL DATACOMM INDUSTRIES. INC . ...................... ..... .... ................ 10 GOULD INC. DATA SYSTEMS DIV ............ .............................. .......................... Cover 2 HAZELTINE CORP . ..... ........ ..... .... ..... ...... .. ...... ..... ..... ......................... Cover 4 HUGHES AIRCRAFT CO. INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS DIV .......... .. .......................... ......................... 11 INTERNATIONAL DATA SCIENCES. INC . .Tab card between Cover & Page 1 DATA COMMUNICATIONS PRODUCTS A short form catalog covers the salient features of Syntech's line of Bell-compatible modems, higher speed modems, TDM multiplexers, and error rate test sets. Syntech Corp., Rockville, Md. Circle No. 391 on Inquiry Card MANAGEMENT INFORMATION CORP . ... .... ................. ............................. 55 MODERN DATA ...................... .... ......................... ...... 12. 13. 15. 32. 35. 47 NIXDORF COMPUTER. INC ......................................................... .............. 33 PERTEC CORP. PERIPHERAL EQUIPMENT DIV ... ............................................. ..... Cover 3 SPECTRON CORP .... ............. ................... ..... ......... ... ........ ...... .. ........ ......... .. 5 SUMMIT INTERNATIONAL CORP ................ ....... ........... .. ............... ... ....... 27 SYCOR INC ........................ .............. .. ... .. ................... ........ .................... . 6. 7 CRT DISPLAY TERMINAL A condensed spec sheet on the Vistar/ GT interactive display terminal is available. The Vistar/GT offers an 80character by 24-line screen, RS-232-C and current loop interfaces, and eleven switch-selectable data rates of from 75 to 18,000 bps. Infoton Incorporated, Burlington, Mass. TEKTRONIX INFORMATION DISPLAY DIV .................... ........... ..... .... ...................... .. 25 TELE-DYNAMICS DIV. OF AMBAC .......... .... .. ....... ... ....... ......... .. ....................... .. ....... ....... 21 UNITED VIDEO INC .... ... .. ... ......... ... ... ............. ............. ... .... ........................ .4 WRIGHT LINE ........... .. ...... ....... ................... .......... ....... ............ ................. 17 Circle No. 386 on Inquiry Card 56 . MODERN DATA! AUGUST 1973 Pertee's out to beat the devil at his own game. For starters we've developed the most technologically advanced and complete disk drives on the market. They 're available and deliverable now at Pertec . Diablo 's incensed. And for good reasons . Because Pertec 's D3000 disk drives are available in top and front loading versions, plug-compatible , and identical in interface and size (8314" x 26"). Both offer 35 msec access time, margin testing, a choice of electronic or mechanical sectoring, an optional fixed platter. And a built-in power supply-all within the drive and identical in both configurations. And you get the same assistance in design , development and maintenance of your system with our disk drives as you do with our tape drives ... Factory training for your service people . Backup by a service and support network spanning 30 U S. cities and 20 foreign countries. All at surprisingly low prices. Pertec is serious about satisfying your disk drive requirements, and we're proving it. Find out more. Call us collect in the area nearest you Boston (617) 890 -6230 ; Chicago (312) 696-2460 ; Los Angeles (213) 996-1333; London (Reading) 582-115. Or write us at 9600 Ironda le Avenue , Chatsworth, California 91311 . The best val ues in computer peripherals come fro m PEJJIEC Already the world 's largest independent manufacturer of tape transports. CIRCLE NO . 21 ON INQUIRY CARD , nsta ations int e • . a onel What better testimony to the superior performance, reliability, and recognized value of the ~ Hazeltine 2000' computer terminal. Haze ltin e has won acceptance as the Lea der in teletypew rit er- co mpatib le vid eo d isp lay termin als bec au se Hazeltine de li ve rs a good dea l more th an equipm ent alon e. Haze ltine provides a wo rld w ide sa les and se rvice organization , tech nica l ass istance throu gh a cus tomer suppo rt staff of Appl icati ons En gi nee rs, a pro duct ion ca pab ility to meet th e needs of th e larg est c ustomers, and a ch o ice of flexibl e fin anc ial ar rang eme nts. When you consider the Terminal - consider the Company! Hazeltine Corporati on Compu le r Perip he ra l - q u ,p m enl Gree nl awn N Y I 17 4 0 (5 16 ) 5 4 !) 8800 EA ST N EW YOR K (2 12) 586 1970 r I BOS TO N ( 6 17) 588 8700 EDISON N J (2 0 1) 8285678 PITTSBURGH ( 412 ) 3 43 444 9 MID WEST MINN EA POLIS (6 12) 85 4 6555 PHI LADELPHIA (215) 676 43 48 WAS H IN GTON 0 C ( 703 ) 979 5S00 CHIC A GO (3 17]9861414 CLEVELAN D (2 16) 752 1030 DETROIT ( 313 ) 355 3510 SOUTH D A LLA S (2 14 ) 233 7776 AlL AN TA ( 40 4 ) 257 20 45 GREE NSBORO N C (919 ) 2725 444 ORLAN DO ( 305) 4 231201 WES T SAN FR AN C ISCO ( 41 5)398 0686 HOUSTON (7 13) 7831760 DE NVER (303 ) 7706330 LOS A NG ELES (2 13 ) 553 1811 i) SE ATTLE ( 706 ] 24 20505 CIRCLE NO . 22 ON INQUIRY CARD Marketing and Service Organization provides customer assistance and technical support in principal cities throughout the world . /
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