Orange Pi Zero H2 User Manual V0.9.1
OrangePi%20Zero_H2%20User%20Manual_v0.9.1
User Manual:
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Page Count: 60
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Contents
I. Orange Pi Introduction........................................................................................................................... 1
1. What is Orange Pi Zero?...........................................................................................................1
2. What can I do with Orange Pi Zero?........................................................................................ 1
3. Whom is it for?......................................................................................................................... 1
4. Hardware specification of Orange Pi Zero............................................................................... 1
5. GPIO Specifications..................................................................................................................4
6. Specification of CSI Camera Connector...................................................................................4
II. Using Method Introduction...................................................................................................................6
1. Step 1: Prepare Accessories Needed.........................................................................................6
2. Step 2: Prepare a TF Card.........................................................................................................7
3. Step 3: Boot your Orange Pi................................................................................................... 13
4. Step 4: Turn off your Orange Pi Correctly............................................................................. 15
5. Other configuration.................................................................................................................15
6. Universal Software Configuration.......................................................................................... 18
III. Linux Kernel Source Code Compilation...........................................................................................28
1. Download Linux Source Code................................................................................................. 28
2. Compile Project Source Code..................................................................................................29
3. Update the Kernel Image File and Replace Library.................................................................31
IV. Android Kernel Source Code Compilation.......................................................................................33
1. Install JDK................................................................................................................................ 33
2. Install Platform Supported Software...................................................................................... 34
3. Download Android Source Package........................................................................................34
4. Install Compiler Tool Chain..................................................................................................... 34
5. Compile Lichee Source Code...................................................................................................35
6. Compile Command of Android Code...................................................................................... 35
V. Use Project Configuration Files..........................................................................................................38
1. sys_config.fex Introduction.....................................................................................................38
2. Examples................................................................................................................................. 38
VI. OrangePi Driver development...........................................................................................................41
1. Device Driver and Application Programming..........................................................................41
2. Compile device driver............................................................................................................. 44
3. Cross compiler Application Program...................................................................................... 46
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4. Running Driver and Application.............................................................................................. 48
VII. Using Debug tools on OrangePi...................................................................................................... 50
1. Operation Steps on Windows................................................................................................. 50
2. Operation Steps on Linux........................................................................................................54
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I. Orange Pi Introduction
1. What is Orange Pi Zero?
It’s an open-source single-board computer. It can run Android 4.4,
Ubuntu, Debian, Rasberry Pi Image. It uses the AllWinner H2 SoC, and has
256MB/512MB DDR3 SDRAM(256MB version is Standard version).
2. What can I do with Orange Pi Zero?
You can use it to build…
A computer
A wireless server
Games
Music and sounds
HD video
A speaker
Android
Scratch
......
Pretty much anything else, because Orange Pi Zero is open source
3. Whom is it for?
Orange Pi Zero is for anyone who wants to create with technology– not
just consuming. It's a simple, fun, useful tool and you can use it to take
control of the world around you.
4. Hardware specification of Orange Pi Zero
Hardware specification
CPU
H2 Quad-core Cortex-A7 H.265/HEVC 4K
GPU
Mali400MP2 GPU @600MHz, Supports OpenGL ES
2.0
Memory (SDRA
M)
256MB/512MB DDR3 (shared with GPU)(256MB is
Standard version)
Onboard Storage
TF card (Max. 32GB) / NOR flash(2MB)
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Wifi Antenne
Yes
Onboard
Network
100M/10M Ethernet RJ45 (Integrated POE power supply )
Onboard WIFI
XR819, IEEE 802.11 b/g/n
Audio Input
No, need to use an expansion board
Video Outputs
Supports external board via 13pins
Power Source
USB OTG can supply power(Integrated POE power
supply )
USB 2.0 Ports
One USB 2.0 HOST, one USB 2.0 OTG
Buttons
Power button
Low-level
peripherals
26 Pins Header, compatible with Raspberry Pi B+
13 Pins Header, with 2x USB, IR pin, AUDIO(MIC, AV)
GPIO(1x3) pin
UART,ground.
LED
Power led & Status led
Supported OS
Android Lubuntu, Debian, Rasberry Pi Image
Interface definition
Product size
45mm × 48mm
Weight
30g
Orange Pi™ is a trademark of the Shenzhen Xunlong Software CO., Limited
Interface instructions
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5. GPIO Specifications
A 26-pin GPIO interface on the Orange Pi Zero is the same as Model A
and Model B of Raspberry Pi. The picture below is GPIO pin define of
Orange Pi Zero.
OrangePi_zero(H2)
CON3-P01
VCC-3V3
CON3-P02
VCC-5V
CON3-P03
TWI0-SDA
PA12
CON3-P04
VCC-5V
CON3-P05
TWI0-SCK
PA11
CON3-P06
GND
CON3-P07
PWM1
PA6
CON3-P08
UART2_TX
PA0
CON3-P09
GND
CON3-P10
UART2_RX
PA1
CON3-P11
S-TWI-SCK
PL0
CON3-P12
PD11
PD11
CON3-P13
S-TWI-SDA
PL1
CON3-P14
GND
CON3-P15
UART2_CTS
PA3
CON3-P16
TWI1-SDA
PA19
CON3-P17
VCC3V3-EXT
CON3-P18
TWI1-SCK
PA18
CON3-P19
SPI1_MOSI
PA15
CON3-P20
GND
CON3-P21
SPI1_MISO
PA16
CON3-P22
UART2_RTS
PA2
CON3-P23
SPI1_CLK
PA14
CON3-P24
SPI1_CS
PA13
CON3-P25
GND
CON3-P26
PD14
PD14
6. Specification of CSI Camera Connector
The CSI Camera Connector is a 24-pin FPC connector which can
connect external camera module with proper signal pin mappings. The pin of
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CIS connector can be defined as follows. The connector marked with "CON
1" on the Orange Pi Zero is camera connector.
Orange Pi Zero-CSI
CON1-P01
NC
CON1-P02
GND
CON1-P03
TWI2-SDA
PE13
CON1-P04
VCC-CSI
CON1-P05
TWI2-SCK
PE12
CON1-P06
CSI-RESET#
PE15
CON1-P07
CSI-VSYNC
PE3
CON1-P08
CSI-STBY-EN
PE15
CON1-P09
CSI-HSYNC
PE2
CON1-P10
VDD1V8-CSI
CON1-P11
VCC-CSI
CON1-P12
CSI-D7
PE11
CON1-P13
CSI-MCLK
PE1
CON1-P14
CSI-D6
PE10
CON1-P15
GND
CON1-P16
CSI-D5
PE9
CON1-P17
CSI-PCLK
PE0
CON1-P18
CSI-D4
PE8
CON1-P19
CSI-D0
PE4
CON1-P20
CSI-D3
PE7
CON1-P21
CSI-D1
PE5
CON1-P22
CSI-D2
PE6
CON1-P23
GND
CON1-P24
AFVCC-CSI
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II. Using Method Introduction
Follow these steps, you can configure and run your Orange Pi in a very
short period of time. Boot your Orange Pi need to complete the following
steps.
1. Step 1: Prepare Accessories Needed
You need at least some accessories like the following if it is your first
time to use the Orange Pi(we would suggest you using the Expansion board
at the same time).
No.
Items
Requirements and Instructions
1
TF card
8GB min.; class 10. Branded TF cards would be
reference which are much more reliable.
2
AV video cable
A standard AV video cable can be used to
connect stimulated monitor if a HDMI monitor is
unavailable.
3
Keyboard and
mouse
Any keyboard and mouse with USB port is
applicable; Keyboard and mouse are high-power,
so a USB concentrator is required.
4
Ethernet
cable/USB
WiFi(Optional)
Network is optional, It makes more convenient to
mount and upgrade software in your Orange Pi
PC.
5
DC power adapter
5V/2V min. high qualified power adapter, OTG
can used a power supply.
6
Audio cable
(Optional)
You can select an audio cable with 3.5mm jack
to feel stereo audio.
AV video cable TF card
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DC power adapter Expansion Board
2. Step 2: Prepare a TF Card
In order to use Orange Pi normally, you must install the operating
system into TF card first.
1) Write Linux into TF Card Based on Windows Platform
a. Inserting the TF card into the computer, the capacity of the card must be
bigger than the operating system, usually requires 8GB or bigger.
b. Formatting the TF card.
iDownload tools for formatting TF card, such as TF Formatter, it
could be downloaded from:
https://www.sdcard.org/downloads/formatter_4/eula_windows/
ii Unzip the downloaded files, and run setup.exe
iii In the options settings select the "format" button for quick
formatting. "Format size adjustment" select "(ON)"
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iv Make sure the inserted TF card disk are in accordance with the
chosen disk.
v Click the "Format" button.
c. Download the operating system image file from the download page, the
page address is as following:
http://www.orangepi.org/downloadresources
d. Unzip the downloaded file (in addition to the Android system, this
method can be used to burn to write, the Android system need another
burn, the following will introduce)
e. Right click to download the file, select "Unzip file" to write image to TF
card
iDownload tools to write image,such as Win32 Diskimager, here is the
download page:
http://sourceforge.net/projects/win32diskimager/files/Archive/
ii Select the image file path that has been unzipped.
iii Click "Write" button and wait for the image to write.
iv After the image is written, click "Exit" button.
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2) Write Linux into TF card based on Linux platform?
a. Inserting the TF card into the computer, the capacity of the card must be
larger than the operating system image, usually requires 4GB or greater
capacity.
b. Formatting the TF card.
i Run fdisk –l order to make sure TF disk.
ii Run umount /dev/sdxx to uninstall all partitions of TF Card.
iii Run sudo fdisk /dev/sdxorder. Use ocommand to delete all
partitions of TF Card, and then us norder to add a new partition, finally use
wcommand to save and exit.
iv Run sudo mkfs.vfat /dev/sdx1command to format the TF card
partition set up last step to FAT32 form(according to your TF card disk to
replacex). Or you could skip this step since command in Linux will format
TF card automatic.
c. Download the OS image from download page
http://www.orangepi.org/`downloadresources
d. Unzip and right click the downloaded file, select " Unzip file"
e. Write image to TF card
iRun sudo fdisk –l order to make sure the TF card disk
ii make sure the image file hash key is the same as download page
mention(optional). It will output sha1sum [path]/[imagename],which
should be same as the image paye "SHA-1"
iii Run umount /dev/sdxx order to uninstall all partitions in TF Card
iv Run sudo dd bs=4M if=[path]/[imagename] of=/dev/sdxto write
down image file. Wait for the image to write. If it cannot work at 4M, then
replace a 1M which takes more time. You can run sudo pkill –USR1 –n –x
dd order to monitoring procedure.
3) Use PhoenixCard tool to write Android image into TF card
It is impossible for Android image to be written into TF card by using
dd command under Linux or using Win32 Diskimager under Windows. Here
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PhoenixCard tool is applicable for Android image writing.
a. Download the Android OS image and PhoenixCard tool.
Download PhoenixCard from here:
https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B_VynIqhAcB7NTg2UkRDdHRWX2s/
edit?usp=sharing
Download Android OS image from here:
http://www.orangepi.org/downloadresources/
b. Format the TF card
c. Please make sure the inserted TF card is in accordance with the chosen
TF card, click "restore" button for TF card formatting.
d. Click "OK" button after successfully formatted the TF card to normal.
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e. Burn the Android OS image into your TF card. Please pay attention to
the following with red marks.
f. Click "Burn" button for writing to TF card and wait for it finish
g. Click "Exit" button after burn Android image to TF card successfully.
4) Write Armbian Image into TF Card
a. Insert TF card into computer, please note that the TF card capacity must
bigger than the operating system image, usually need to be 8GB or
bigger.
b. Download the OS image file from the download page:
http://www.armbian.com/download/
c. Write the image into TF card.
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Orange Pi Zero runs on Debian system
Orange Pi Zero runs on Ubuntu system
2) Details of Booting Steps
a. Insert the TF card with written image in to the TF card slot.
b. You could use HDMI cable to connect your Orange Pi to HDMI TV
or monitor.
You could also use AV interface and audio interface to connect output
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video and audio to analog TV or display.
c. There is 13pin on board which you could connect to expansion board.
For expansion board, 2USB ports, mic and IR receiver are available.
d. It is the network module on board, which you can access Orange Pi
to the wired network.
e. You could connect to a power adapter on mic USB OTG with a
power adapter up to or bigger than 5V/2A. Avoid using smaller
power GSM mobile phone charger, it is not able to output 2A even if
it marked "5V/2A ".
The Orange Pi will boot in a few minutes If the above steps are
successful. There will be graphical interface in he monitor. It may take a
long time to start the first time, please wait patiently. The next time will boot
very fast.
4. Step 4: Turn off your Orange Pi Correctly
-You can use the shutdown button on the interface to safety close the
Orange Pi.
-You can also close the system by entering commands in the shell:
sudo halt
or
sudo shutdown –h
It will be safety to turn off the Orange Pi. If directly use the power
button to shut down the system may damage the file system on TF Card.
After the system is closed, the power can be cut off by more than 5 seconds’
press.
5. Other configuration
1) Connect to the wired network
-Method 1:
a. Enter the following in the command line:
$ ifconfig
To check whether there is (wlan*)
b. If no, load the corresponding module according to the wlan model
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$ insmod xradio_wlan.ko
For example: For xr819 is xradio_wlan.ko
c. Enter command ifconfig, you should see wlan0(hypothesis it is wlan0)
d. Configure wired network, first you need to know ssid and psk(account
and password), enter corresponding wlan*, ssid, psk
$ sudo nano /etc/network/interfaces (add the following contents)
auto wlan0
iface wlan0 inet dhcp
wpa-ssid xxxx
wpa-psk xxxx
e. Reboot the computer and the wired network will work.
$ sudo reboot
-Method 2:
a. Build wifi hotspot configuration file of wpa_supplication.conf for on
/etc/network/ directory and add the following:
network={
ssid="wifi hot spot name"
psk="wifi hot spot password"
priority=1
}
b. Connect wifi, here is the command:
ifconfig wlan0 up
sudo wpa_supplicant -i wlan0 -c /etc/network/wpa_supplication.conf &
dhcpcd wlan0 &
c. Test the condition of wifi connection
Use iwconfig command, you will find the related information of wlan0, use ping
command to test.
2) Login via vnc and ssh
If there is no condition for connecting HDMI, you could enter the system via
vnc or ssh remote login.
-Login via serial port and install ssh
apt-get install ssh
-Modify ssh configuration file /etc/ssh/sshd_config
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-Check the IP with ifconfig, login via ssh of root user
3) HDMI or 3.5mm Sound Output(3.5mm sound output would
require using an expansion board)
a. The sound was default to output via HDMI on image, it could check and
change via alsamixer.
ls /etc/asound.conf
card indicates card number, device indicates device number.
aplay -l it could check the system to load the sound card number and
details
cat /proc/asound/cards it also could check the sound card and details
It could be used after use alsamixer to change the sound card.
alsactl store -f /var/lib/alsa/asound.state used for saving modified
parameters
b. It needs to modify configuration on file system for output on 3.5mm of
/etc/asound.conf, modify card1 into card0, or use amixer to modify. The
default one is configured, or you could use player on graphical interface
to switch via sound channel selection.
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c. How to use mic sound recording
arecord -d 5 -f cd -t wav 123.wav
After recording, use the following to play
aplay 123.wav
6. Universal Software Configuration
1) Default Account Changing
The default log in account is orangepi. In order to secure, it is
recommended to modify the default orangepi accounts to your own
account, for example Zhangsan. Steps are as follows:
a. Use root account to login Orange Pi(please note that do not login with
the account of orangepi)
b. $ usermod -l zhangsan orangepi Change orangepi account into
Zhangsan
c. $ groupmod -n zhangsan orangepi Change group
d. $ mv /home/ornagepi /home/zhangsan Change directory of original
orangepi
e. $ usermod -d /home/orangepi orangepi Set this directory to orangepi
user's home directory
f. $ cat /etc/passwd It should be shown as below:
After the modification of the above iterms, it can be used the new
account Zhangsan to land.
2) U Disk Automatic Mounted Configuration
a. sudo apt-get install usbmount
b. sudo vim /etc/udev/rules.d/automount.rules
ACTION=="add",KERNEL=="sdb*", RUN+="/usr/bin/pmount --sync
--umask 000 %k"
ACTION=="remove", KERNEL=="sdb*", RUN+="/usr/bin/pumount %k"
ACTION=="add",KERNEL=="sdc*", RUN+="/usr/bin/pmount --sync
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--umask 000 %k"
ACTION=="remove", KERNEL=="sdc*", RUN+="/usr/bin/pumount %k"
c. udevadm control –reload-rules
It could refer to this:
http://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/134797/how-to-automatically-mou
nt-an-usb-device-on-plugin-time-on-an-already-running-sy
3) System Source Configuration
Take Ubuntu as an example:
a. Open the source file
$ sudo vi /etc/apt/sources.list
b. Edit source file
Replace the source file with your favorite source. Take an
example of Ubuntu 16.04 on Zhonkeda source:
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ xenial main
multiverse restricted universe
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ xenial-backports
main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ xenial-proposed
main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ xenial-security main
multiverse restricted universe
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ xenial-updates main
multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ xenial main
multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ xenial-backports
main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ xenial-proposed
main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ xenial-security
main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ xenial-updates
main multiverse restricted universe
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Note: xenial is the version of the code name in this source, if the other
version of Ubuntu needs to replace the corresponding version code which
can be found on the internet.
4) Remote desktop installation
There are a lot of software, such as VNG, XRDP, X2GO, etc. For X2GO,
it has more functions, and desktop color restore is very good which does not
need too much configuration. And XRDP is much more safety than VNC.
a. $sudo apt-get install tightvncserver Install VNC
b. vncpassw Set the password: do not execute this command but
executing vncserver directly. It will prompt you to enter the password
twice, when prompted whether can be read only to select the N.
c. Open one or more of desktops by vncserver or
vncserver:1(vncserver:2)… you can also transfer more parameters
through the full command as below:
vncserver :1 -geometry 1024x768 -depth 16 -pixelformat rgb565
(Note: If it prompted you that cannot find the file or other error when
installing, please run sudo apt-get update to update the software source and
try installing again.)
5) NAS and DLAN Configuration
a. NAS：
There are many files could be reference from Internet, for example:
http://www.geekfan.net/5003/, it detailed descriptions on the operation and
the mounted of U disk is very useful.
b. DLNA:
Mainly through the minidlna software to achieve the sharing of media
resources within the LAN, such as sharing video, music, etc.. The
installation steps are as follows:
i sudo apt-get minidlna
ii Execute the following command to modify the configuration file:
sudo nano /etc/minidlna.conf
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Note: you can also use other text editor to modify.
iii Add the following:
media_dir=A,/nas, path: /DLNA/Music
media_dir=V,/nas, path: /DLNA/Video
media_dir=P,/nas, path: DLNA/Picture
db_dir=/nas, path: /DLNA/log
db_dir=/nas, path: /DLNA/db
ctrl +o and enter, ctrl +x to save and exit.
iv Established above folders respectively, noted that path consistency
and assigned to read and write permissions. In order for convenient, it could
be Chmod 755, such as sudo Chmod 755 /nas path /DLNA/Music
v Re-start minidlna to take effect the configuration: /etc/init.d/minidlna
restart.
Transmit the corresponding file on the computer to the corresponding folder
through samba.
Note: It is recommended to download MoliPlayer on the mobile device. The
effect is good and no blue light pressure on both Android and IOS.
6) Thunder remote download
a. Go to the Thunder routing forum to download the required installation
package first. The link for stable version:
http://luyou.xunlei.com/thread-12545-1-1.html.
Download Xware1.0.31_cubieboard zip file.
Note: If you want to try the latest version, you can download the latest test
version: http://luyou.xunlei.com/thread-15167-1-1.htm.
b. Enter the directory after uploaded the unzip file to OrangePi. It is
recommended to rename the file to xunlei
c. Installation method of version 1.0.31:
i $ cd /xxx/xunlei The xxx is the directory of installation xunlei file
ii $ chmod 755 portal
iii $ ./portal
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iv You will get an activation code after booting like the following:
v Copy this activation code to http://yuancheng.xunlei.com (Which
required to log in with account of Thunder). Then click the tab on the top
right corner to add, fill in the activation code to complete the binding
according to the following figure.
vi Setting start up
$ sudo nano /etc/rc.loacl
add the following contents before exit 0
cd /xx/xunlei
./portal &
ctrl +o and enter, ctrl +x to save and exit.
d. Installation of version 3.0.32.253:
i$ cd /xxx/xunlei The xxx is the directory of installation file of
xunlei
ii $ sudo nano thunder_mounts.cfg Modify the download path
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iii chmod +x etm_monitor
iv Run ./etm_monitor, there will be an activation code page like
version 1.0.32. And then binding on the Thunder remote page (above steps 4,
5). There might be one or two errors while running, ignore it (selection type
of shell and generation of INI file).
v Setting start up
sudo nano /etc/rc.loacl add the following contents before exit 0
cd /xx/xunlei
./etm_monitor &
ctrl +o and enter, ctrl +x to save and exit.
It could be remote downloading on computer, mobile phone or tablet by
login yuancheng.xunlei.com
7) Modify the size of ext4 file system
After made the written image into SD card for booting, enter into rootfs
partition’s expansion of file system. It could enhance the performance of SD
card to avoid limited storage cause problem.
-Method 1
Extend rootfs file partition of TF card on PC:
Select the specified disk, right click and select the corresponding disk, select
"change size" and adjust it into your desired size, click "re-size", close the
dialog box and click "apply all operations", select the application to
complete the expansion operation
-Method 2
Enter into the system and extend via shell
Before partition
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Enter into system and expend via resize_rootfs.sh
Enter resize_rootfs.sh on command line, the system will expending
automatically,
Reboot the system and use df -lh to check whether expending is successful
a. Expand file system
i Boot to Linux, umount /dev/sdb1 and /dev/sdb2, if it prompts disk
busy, then use fuser to clean the using disk(we will recommend using
another Linux booting disk to lead the system).
ii Use fdisk /dev/sdb to adjust the partition size, after into it, enter p,
and keep in mind about the initial position of needed extending size
partition.
iii Enter d to delete the partition need to change the size(my file system
is /dev/sdb2, which is the 2 partition ).
iv Enter n to build a new partition, make sure the initial position is the
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same as you deleted, and enter the number as you desire.
v Enter w to save the partition data.
vi Use the following command to check the file system(make sure it is
a right file system)
e2fsck -f /dev/sdb2
vii Adjust the partition size
resize2fs /dev/sdb2
viii It could mount a disk partition, you could check whether it has
changed.
b. Shrink file system
i Boot to Linux, umount /dev/sdb1 and /dev/sdb2, if it prompts disk
busy, then use fuser to clean the using disk(we will recommend using
another Linux booting disk to lead the system).
ii Use the following command to check the file system(make sure it is
a right file system)
e2fsck -f /dev/sdb2
iii Modify the size of file system(Use resize2fs)
resize2fs /dev/sdb2 900M
The "s"after the number represents specifying the size of file system via
the sectors(every sector calculated by 512 bite). You could also specify it
into K(KB), M(MB), G(GB), etc.
iv Use fdisk /dev/sdb to adjust the partition size, after into it, enter p,
and keep in mind about the initial position of needed extending size partition.
You need to first delete the partition then build a new one because the fdisk
could not modify the size dynamic(you need to calculate the size, it have to
enough to contain the file system adjusted in last step).
v Enter d to delete the partition need to change the size(my file system
is /dev/sdb2, which is the 2 partition ).
vi Enter n to build a new partition, make sure the initial position is the
same as you deleted, and enter the number as you desire. Besides, if it is
boot-able partition you want to change, note that need to keep the bootable
mark in case cannot boot.
The above illustration is using fdisk and resize2fs to modify partition and
file system, you could also use gparted. Gparted has graphical interface and
it could help you to re-size file system at the same time of re-sizing partition.
Goarted is much easier to use and reduce the change to make mistake. For
now our official Lubuntu and Raspbian could not use it.
8) eth0 and wlan0 static mac address setting
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a. If the system do not use systemd, you could modify rc.local directory
and add the following:
$ vim /etc/rc.local
MAC=00:e0:4c:a1:2b:d4
ifconfig wlan0 down
ifconfig wlan0 hw ether $MAC
ifconfig wlan0 up
dhclient &
After rebooting, you could use ifconfig to check whether mac address has
changed.
b. If the system used systemd, you also need to add the following besides
the above steps:
$ cd /etc/systemd/system/
$ vim change_mac_address.service (You could name the server, format
just like the following)
[unit]
Description=Change OrangePi Wifi mac address
[Service]
ExecStart=/etc/rc.local
RemainAfterExit=yes
[Install]
sWantedBy=multi-user.target
$ systemctl enable change_mac_address.service
Modify mac address of eth0 is same as modifying wlan0’s, just need to
replace wlan0 into eth0.
9) Orange Pi Android root
There is defaulted with root permission on Android pre-installed, but
lacking authorization management software. The following is how to add
authorization management software.
You need to have UsbModeSwitch.apk and UPDATE-SuperSU-v2.46.zip,
install kingroot and make sure OTG on Orange Pi could connect to PC.
a. Open adb debug mode
Use U disk or card reader to install UsbModeSwitch.apk into Orange Pi
OS and open it, tick "enable usb device mode" and use debug cable to
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connect OTG port and PC (make sure it is micro usb-cable in case other
cables could not be recognized). Normally PC would search and install adb
driver software automatically. If PC failed to install, you could install PC
version’s Peasecod to install the driver software.
b. After connected Orange PI and PC, open command mode of PC, enter
related command of adb(you need to install adb debug command, which
Peasecod has adb command ). Here is the command:
adb remount
adb shell
windows(win+r) command line enter into command mode, then enter into
kingroot directory and execute the following steps:
adb shell
root@rabbit-p1:/ # mkdir /tmp
root@rabbit-p1:/ # cd /system/bin
root@rabbit-p1:/ # mount -o remount, rw /system
root@rabbit-p1:/system/bin # ln -s busybox-smp unzip
Logout adb shell Mode
root@rabbit-p1:/exit (Or Ctrl + C)
Unzip UPDATE-SuperSU-v2.46.zip
You will obtain META-INF/com/google/android/update-binary and put it
into specific catalog.
adb push /path/UPDATE-SuperSU-v2.46.zip /data/local/tmp path is file’s
path
adb push /path/ update-binary /data/local/tmp
adb shell
root@rabbit-p1:/ #cd /data/local/tmp
root@rabbit-p1:/ #sh update-binary 0 1
/data/local/tmp/UPDATE-SuperSU-v2.46.zip
......
......
After executed scripts, enter reboot command and reboot it, you could
use the device authorization management software normally.
After rebooted, there might be no super administrator icon, you need to
delete the desk configuration file and reboot the board.
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III. Linux Kernel Source Code Compilation
In order to support the rapid development of the project, we are writing
this sections for project configuration options to the binary file. When the
system is running, it can get the information of the system running by
reading the binary file, which can greatly simplify the time of project
development.
This manual describes how to use the binary file to speed up the
development of the project.
Hardware: Orange Pi development board*1, Card reader*1, TF card*1,
power supply*1
Note: In the following sections, *indicates wild-cards, you need to fill
in the actual values according to their file storage path.
1. Download Linux Source Code
You could download the source code from the official website:
http://www.orangepi.org/downloadresources/
Subsection and compress the file, then unzip it after finish downloaded:
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buildroot: Project compilation script
brandy: gcc-linaro, boot and uboot source code and open source cross
compiler tool
linux-3.4: Kernel source code
tools: Tools of project compilation
build.sh: compilation script
2. Compile Project Source Code
You need to compile the entire project while it is your first time to use
the source code. You can use the following commands in the /lichee
directory to complete the project:
-Enter into content of lichee, command
$ ll -a
Check if there is an executable permission on build.sh, if not, modify the
permissions
$ chmod 755 build.sh
-If there is .buildconfig after commanded ll –a, delete it
$ rm –rf .buildconfig
-Use the following command to compile the entire project
$ ./build.sh config
At this point the system will prompt the choice of the chip, for OrangePi,
select sun8iw7p1
At this point, the system will be prompted the choice of the board, for
the OrangePi, select dragonboard，dolphin and dolphin-p2
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3. Update the Kernel Image File and Replace Library
-After compilation is finished, the following files will be generated in the
directory：
libs：lichee/out/sun8iw7p1/android/common/lib/modules/3.4.39
Download image from official website：
http://www.orangepi.org/downloadresources/
-Write the image：
$ sudo dd bs=4M if=*.img of=/dev/sdb
-Pull out the card reader, and then insert it again.
Copy the kernel image file generated by the compiler to the first partition
(boot partition)
Copy the lib library which generated after compilation to the second
partition (rootfs partition)
We would suggest using compilation system on github of official
website.
build.sh Execute script into the graphical interface of compilation
extenal Inside are patch and some configuration kernel file
output File generated
script Script compiled
toolchain Cross compiler location
uboot uboot source code
Execute./build.sh enter into graphical interface and select Zero
Enter password of root
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IV. Android Kernel Source Code Compilation
Hardware: Orange Pi development board*1, Card reader*1, TF card*1,
power supply*1
Software
Linux host computer, which hard disk space at least 50G (to meet a fully
compiled need)
Linux host computer needs:
Version 2.7.3 of Python;
Version 3.81-3.82 of GNU Make;
Version 1.7 or higher version of Git.
1. Install JDK
The following will illustrate jdk1.6 installation, it would be same for jdk1.7
installation.
-Download and install JDK, you will obtain jdk-6u31-linux-x64.bin
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-Modify the permission of jdk-6u31-linux-x64.bin, which has no prior
permission
-$./jdk-6u31-linux-x64.bin
It will generate a folder:
-Input at terminal
Note that JAVA_HOME is the name of the current directory, you need to fill in
according to your own storage directory.
$ export JAVA_HOME=*/jdk1.6.0_31
$ export PATH=$PATH:/$JAVA_HOME/bin
$ export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib
$ export JRE_HOME=$JAVA_HOME/jre
-Command line input Jav and press tab to see whether it can auto
completion (Java), which indicates it can successfully installed
2. Install Platform Supported Software
$ sudo apt-get install git gnupg flex bison gperf build-essential \
zip curl libc6-dev libncurses5-dev:i386 x11proto-core-dev \
libx11-dev:i386 libreadline6-dev:i386 libgl1-mesa-glx:i386 \
libgl1-mesa-dev g++-multilib mingw32 tofrodos \
python-markdown libxml2-utils xsltproc zlib1g-dev:i386
$ sudo ln -s /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/mesa/libGL.so.1
/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libGL.so
3. Download Android Source Package
Download website: http://www.orangepi.org/downloadresources/
Then you will obtain the following directories:
4. Install Compiler Tool Chain
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The compiler tool chain has been integrated in Android SDK. Tool chain
is on: lichee/brandy/gcc-linaro/ of Android SDK(already exist)
5. Compile Lichee Source Code
There are Android and Lichee after unzipped the package, enter the
directory of Lichee:
$ cd lichee
$ ./build.sh lunch
Select sun8iw7p1
Print information of successful compilation
6. Compile Command of Android Code
Input the command:
$ cd android
$ source ./build/envsetup.sh
$ lunch dolphin_fvd_p1-eng # Select the scheme number
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V. Use Project Configuration Files
1. sys_config.fex Introduction
Configure hardware: sys_config.fe
The sys_config.fex is a binary configuration file that used by the SOC
kernel driver or LiveSuit for a particular target board, including how to set
up a variety of peripherals, ports, and I/O which based on the target version.
For OrangePi, the location of the project configuration document is：
lichee/tools/pack/chips/sun8iw7p1/configs/dolphin-p1/sys_config.fex
Copy the file to the directory of /lichee, use command:
$ cd ./lichee
$ cp ./tools/pack/chips/sun8iw7p1/configs/dolphin-p1/sys_config.fex ./
You could personalized configuration of sys_config.fex according to
sysconfig1.fex_manul_linux_BSP_v0.4.pdf.
Direcotory of sysconfig1.fex_manul_linux_BSP_v0.4.pdf is
/lichee/buildroot/docs.
2. Examples
1) Modify the output mode into tv
-tv-out out, the output type of tv0 is invalid, you need to set the output
type of tv1 into pal.
Modify defaulted enable display output configuration into tv
[tv0]
used = 1
tv_dac_used = 1
dac_src0 = 0
dac_type0= 0
interface= 1
[tvout_para]
tvout_used= 1
tvout_channel_num= 1
[disp]
disp_init_enable= 1
disp_mode= 1
screen0_output_type= 2
screen0_output_mode= 11
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screen1_output_type= 2
screen1_output_mode= 11
dev0_output_type = 4
dev0_output_mode = 4
dev0_screen_id = 0
dev0_do_hpd = 1
dev1_output_type = 2
dev1_output_mode = 11
Modify sys_confi and replace it when it generated OrangePiH5.dtb. If
would be faster if use compilation system on githug. About compilation you
could refer to the charter of Linux Compilation.
2) Loading tv.ko module automatically after booted
Enter /lib/ directory, enter command:
depmod -a
Add one more line on /etc/modules
tv
It would be tv out after booted
-Capacitance touch panel (capacitor tp)
Configuration Item
Configuration Meaning
ctp_used=xx
Whether turn on capacitance touch panel, if so
set the value as 1, and vice verso 0.
ctp_name =xx
Indicates the control scheme used in the
specified scheme, for now there are: "ft5x_ts"
or "Goodix-TS".
ctp_twi_id=xx
Used for selecting i2c adapter, there are 0 and
2.
ctp_twi_addr =xx
Indicates the device address of i2c, it is related
to the specific hardware.
ctp_screen_max_x＝xx
Maximum coordinates of the X axis of the
touch panel
ctp_screen_max_y=xx
Maximum coordinates of the Y axis o the touch
panel
ctp_revert_x_flag=xx
Whether needed to flip the X coordinates, if so
then set 1, and vice verso 0.
ctp_revert_y_flag=xx
Whether needed to flip the Y coordinates, if so
then set 1, and vice verso 0.
ctp_int_port=xx
GPIO configuration of the interrupt signal of
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capacitive touch panel
ctp_wakeup=xx
GPIO configuration of the wake-up signal of
capacitive touch panel
ctp_io_port=xx
Capacitive screen IO signal, currently share
with interrupt signal common pin
Configuration samples:
ctp_used = 1
ctp_name = "ft5x_ts"
ctp_twi_id = 2
ctp_twi_addr = 0x70
ctp_screen_max_x = 800
ctp_screen_max_y = 480
ctp_revert_x_flag = 0
ctp_revert_y_flag = 0
ctp_int_port = port:PH21<6><default>
ctp_wakeup = port:PB13<1><default><default><1>
ctp_io_port = port:PH21<0><default>
Note: If you want to support the new capacitive touch IC, you need to
combine the configuration of the BSP A10 layer, which should be based on
the original capacitive touch IC code, to make the appropriate changes.
Specifically, 1) ctp_twi_id should be consistent with the hardware
connection in sys_config; 2) In the drive part of the code: the use of twi from
the device name + address should be consistent with the ctp_name and
ctp_twi_addr in sys_config configuration. At the same time, the other sub
configuration in sysconfig should also be properly configured, these
configurations should be corresponding processing in the program.
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VI. OrangePi Driver development
In order to help developers become more familiar with OrangePi, this
manual describes how to use simple device driver modules and applications
on the development board.
Hardware: Orange Pi development board*1, Card reader*1, TF card*1,
power supply*1
1. Device Driver and Application Programming
1) Application Program (app.c)
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Modify Makefile on currently file, shown as following:
There is Kconfig on the same sibling folders with Makefile. Each
Kconfig respectively describes the the source directory file related kernel
configuration menu. In the kernel configuration making menuconfig, it read
from the Kconfig config menu and the user configuration saved to the config.
In the kernel compile, the main Makefile by calling this.Config could know
the user's configuration of the kernel.
Kconfig is corresponding to the kernel configuration menu. Add a new
driver to the kernel source code, you can modify the Kconfig to increase the
configuration menu for your drive, so you can choose whether the
menuconfig driver was compiled or not.
Back to the source code directory:
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$ ./build.sh
After compiled the kernel, there will be an orangepi_misc.ko file
generated on the directory of lichee/linux-3.4/output/lib/modules/3.4.39
There is a .ko module which generated after compiled of
OrangePi_misc.c on */lichee/linux-3.4/output/lib/modules/3.4.39/
Insert U disk (please note the SD card should have been written image) if
the SD card system is mounted to the directory / dev / SDB, SD card will
have two sub mount points, respectively are / dev / sdb1 and /dev/sdb2. Two
partition of SD card will automatically mount to the PC /media/ directory,
the first partition is the boot partition and the second partition is the rootfs
partition.
Copy the OrangePi_misc.ko file to /media/*/lib/modules/3.4.39.
$ cp OrangePi_misc.ko /media/*/lib/modules/3.4.39
3. Cross compiler Application Program
Here will take arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc as an example. Check whether
there is the cross compiler, if not, then download and install it.
$ arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -v
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While compiling the application, you will fill that you need the cross
compiler arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc, download and install it.
Unzip the downloaded file and enter the the directory
Check the information after entering bin directory
pwd hows the path and export it into the whole project
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$ ll /etc/environment shows that the file can only read, need to modify
permissions
$ chmod 755 /etc/environment
Modify permission
Add the path to the whole environment variable
Compile the application with cross compiler
$ arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc app.c –o aq
There will be an ap application generated in the directory, copy it to the
development board file system(on the rootfs directory of
/home/orangepi/)
$ cp aq /media/*/home/orangepi/
4. Running Driver and Application
Removed the SD card and inserted it into the development board and
power on.
You need to switch to root users and load module driver module to
the development board first.
$ insmod /lib/modules/orangepi.ko
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$ lsmod To check whether it is loaded
$ ll /dev/orangepimisc( Miscellaneous equipment automatically generated
device files, the specific look at the driver code)
Executive application (note the use of the application, the specific check
at the code)
$ ./aq /dev/orangepimisc
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VII. Using Debug tools on OrangePi
Hardware: Orange Pi development board*1, Card reader*1, TF card*1,
power supply*1
TTL to USB cable
1. Operation Steps on Windows
In order to get more debugging information in the project development
process of using OrangePi, OrangePi default support for serial information
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debugging. For developers, you can simply get the serial port debugging
information with the materials mentioned above. The host computer using
different serial debugging tools are similar, basically can reference with the
following manual for deployment. There are a lot of debugging tools for
Windows platform, the most commonly used tool is putty. This section takes
putty as an example to explain the deployment.
1) Install USB driver on Windows
-Download and unzip the latest version of driver
PL2303_Prolific_DriverInstaller_v130.zip
-Choose application installation as Administrator
-Wait for completing installation
2) Install putty on Windows
-Download putty installation package
-Unzip and install
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-Open program after installed, as shown below
3) Connecting method
Use the TTL to the serial port cable, one end connected to OrangePi,
the other end connected to PC
4) Equipment information acquisition
-Start menu select control panel
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5) Putty Configuration
Serial port should set to the corresponding port number (COM5), the
speed should set to 115200
6) Serial Debug Port
Power on and boot OrangePi, the serial port will automatic print
debug log
2. Operation Steps on Linux
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There are Minicom and Kermit serial debugging tools for Linux, this
section will take Kermit as an example to have an illustrate.
1) Install Kermit
-Install the Kermit by execute command:
$ sudo apt-get install ckermit
-Configurate Kermit
$ sudo vi /etc/kermit/kermrc
-Add lines：
set line /dev/ttyUSB1
set speed 115200
set carrier-watch off
set handshake none
set flow-control none
robust
set file type bin
set file name lit
set rec pack 1000
set send pack 1000
set window 5
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2) Connecting method
Use the TTL to the serial port cable, one end connected to OrangePi, the
other end connected to PC
3) Equipment information acquisitio
Input command in the PC terminal to check the device number of
TTL to the serial cable
$ ls /dev/
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-It can be seen from the figure that TTL to the serial port cable is
identified as ttyUSB0, configure the /ect/kermit/kermitc file, update the
serial port information.
$ sudo vi /etc/kermit/kermitc
-Set the value of setline into /dev/ttyUSB0
4) Start debug
-Input command in the host computer terminal, enter the Kermit mode:
$ sudo kermit –c
-P
ower on and boot OrangePi, the serial port will automatic print debug log
