S544 2257 0_Displaywriter_Common_Text_Applications_Jun83 0 Displaywriter Common Text Applications Jun83

S544-2257-0_Displaywriter_Common_Text_Applications_Jun83 S544-2257-0_Displaywriter_Common_Text_Applications_Jun83

User Manual: S544-2257-0_Displaywriter_Common_Text_Applications_Jun83

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.8M Disp'aywriter System ITextpacks 4 and 6

Common Text Applications

-- - -----------

.8M Disp'avwriter Svstem ITextpacks 4 and 6

Common Text Applications

----- - --- -= --:--:. =-==

==-= 7=

Common Text Applications / Copyright

First Edition (June 1983)
Changes may be made periodically to the information
herein.
References in this publication to IBM products,
programs, or services do not imply that IBM intends
to make these available in all countries in which IBM
operates. Any reference to an IBM program product
in this publication is not intended to state or imply
that only IBM's program product may be used. Any
functionally equivalent program may be used instead.
Publications are not stocked at the address given below.
Requests for IBM publications should be made to your
IBM representative or to the IBM branch office serving
your locality.
A form for readers' comments is provided at the back
of this publication. If the form has been removed,
comments may be addressed to IBM Corporation,
Department 95H, 11400 Burnet Road, Austin, Texas,
U.S.A. 78758. IBM may use or distribute whatever
information you supply in any way it believes
appropriate without incurring any obligation to you.

@ Copyright International Business Machines Corporation 1983

Common Text Applications / About This Book
ABOUT THIS BOOK

Purpose and Audience
This book is intended for operators who
use the IBM Displaywriter System and
have completed Starting Your Training.
Contents
In this book you will learn the steps for
formatting and text entry. You will learn
how to make finished documents look the
way you want them to look.
Related Publications
A description of related publications is
provided in the Operator Guide to
Training.
Data Security
All magnetic media are subject to physical
damage, erasure, and loss for a variety of
reasons, including operator error,
accidental occurrences, and machine
malfunction. In addition, magnetic media
are subject to theft. Therefore, an integral
part of any informational system should
be to establish and implement backup
(duplication) procedures. The customer,
not IBM, is solely responsible for
establishing and implementing all such
procedures.

Common Text Applications / Table of Contents

Unit Introduction
Lesson 1: Setting Up the Document
Format
Introduction
Segment 1: Understanding the Document
Format
Segment 2: Changing the Document Format

7
9
29

Lesson 2: Format Changes Within a
Document
Introduction
Segment 1: Making Page Format Changes
Segment 2: Making Line Format Changes
Segment 3: Making Typestyle Format
Changes
Segment 4: Revising Format Changes
Segment 5: Using the Conversion Ruler

99
113
129

Lesson 3: Text Layout
Introduction
Segment 1: Keeping Text Together
Segment 2: Justifying the Right Margin
Segment 3: Using Line Adjust
Segment 4: Creating Indented Formats
Segment 5: Creating Simple Tables
Segment 6: Revising Simple Tables
Segment 7: Using Screen Movement Keys
Segment 8: Proportional Spacing

155
157
167
177
189
205
221
233
251

55
57
81

Lesson 4: Time Savers
Introduction
Segment 1: Using Copy
Segment 2: Using Get
Segment 3: Using Insert/Replace

261
263
277
295

Lesson 5: Advanced Formatting
Introduction
Segment 1: Headers and Footers
Segment 2: Alternating Headers and Footers
Segment 3: Reformatting a Document
Segment 4: The Alternate Format
Segment 5: Format Strategies

307
309
337
357
377
391

____________________________

TNL SN44-2121 (21 October 1983) to S544-2257-0

BULLETIN!!

Extra!

NEW FUNCTIONS!

Extra!
What:

•
•
•
•
•
•

Extension of the lO-pitch
typestyles
Use of the Front Exit
Sheet-Feed Paper Handler
Extension of Combined Program
Diskette capabilities
Supplemental details on
Footnotes and Outline
Extended Dictionary
Equation Typing/ Printing.

Where:

Stored in the back of the
SPELLING/ PRINTING book.
Interested?

Go to the back of the
SPELLING/PRINTING book, and read
the segment introductions to see
if these new functions will help
you in your daily work.

____________________________

TNL SN44-2121 (2 1 October 1983) to S544-2257-0

Common Text Applications

N
REPORT

----

Common Text Applications

ow that you have completed the basic unit
(Starting Your Training), you can begin
learning and using more advanced topics.
This unit deals with formatting and text
entry: that is, how to make the finished
documents look the way you want them
to look. You may use what you learn in
this unit nearly every time you use the
Displaywriter.
Formatting on the Displaywriter is a lot
like what you do when you type a document
using a typewriter. That is, you determine
margins and tabs and decide where you
want text to start and end on a page.
To make things easy for you, the
Displaywriter already has a format set up
for you. These settings are called system
defaults.
Lesson 1 teaches you the Document
Format. This is the format used for the
major portion of the document.
Lesson 2 teaches you how to make format
changes within a document, that is, how
to handle exceptions to the document
format and change the system defaults for
portions of text within the document.

Common Text Applications

Lesson 3 deals with several special topics, such as
creating and revising tables, and making right margins
come out even. Lesson 4 shows you some shortcuts
to use in text entry. Finally, Lesson 5 shows you how
to put text at the top (headers) or bottom (footers)
of each page, and teaches you reformatting technique
and format strategies.
The training documents for this unit are on Master
diskette MASTER. If you have not already done so,
duplicate this Master diskette onto the work diskette
TRAIN. Instructions for duplicating the Master
diskette can be found in the Job Aids, Tab 7, Diskette
Tasks.

Common Text Applications

Setting Up the Document Format

Common Text Applications

Before you begin typing a document on a
typewriter, you give some thought as to
how you want the document to look. You
make decisions such as where to place
margins and tabs, where to start and end
typing, and whether to use single or double
spacing. You then make these settings and
use them throughout the major portion of
the document.
In this lesson you'll learn how to use and
set the document format, that is, the format
that will be used for the main portion of
the document.
Formatting on the Displaywriter is a lot
like what you do when you're using a
typewriter. However, the Displaywriter
already has settings for margins, tabs, line
spacing, and so on. The settings that are
already on the Displaywriter are called
defaults. You have been using them in the
work you've done already. In many
instances the defaults will be appropriate
for your work.

Setting Up the Document Format

If the defaults are not appropriate, you have the
option of changing them. Segment 1 of this lesson
teaches you the default format settings and how to
determine whether or not you must change the settings
for a given document. In Segment 2 you will learn
the procedure for making those changes.
The training documents for this lesson are on Master
diskette MASTER. If you have not already done so,
duplicate this Master diskette onto the work diskette
TRAIN. Instructions for duplicating the Master
diskette can be found in the Job Aids, Tab 7, Diskette
Tasks.

Common Text Applica tions

Understanding the Document Format

1
LINE 2.5

It's important to plan ahead before creating
a document on the Displaywriter. You
must decide what the format will look like
for the major portion of the document. Up
to now, most of the documents you have
used were created with system defaults. In
many instances, these defaults will be
appropriate for your own work. However,
you may want to change some of the
standard defaults to meet specific format
requirements for your document.
In this segment you'll learn what the
defaults are so that you can decide what
changes must be made.
Your goal for this segment is to be able
to determine which defaults should be
changed for the document to print
correctly.

Common Text Applications

1·1

Understanding the Document Format / Main Idea

MAIN IDEA
Every document you create has specific format
requirements that apply to the major portion of the
document, or the document as a whole. These formats
determine what your document will look like when
it is printed. To determine which defaults should be
changed to meet those requirements:
1. Check the document you want to create against
the defaults. The defaults are shown in the following
table.
2. Determine if the default for each format
requirement is appropriate.
3. If not, determine what the setting should be.

Common Text Applications

Understanding the Document Format / Main Idea

Format
Requirement

System
Defaults

Left Margin
Right Margin
Tab Settings
Type of Tab
Line Spacing
Line Alignment
Pitch and Typestyle

18
90
Every 5 spaces
Flush Left
Single
Left
12 pitch, typestyle
number 086
215.9 x 279.4 mm or
8.5 x 11 in.

Size of Paper or
Envelope
First Typing Line,
First Page
First Typing Line,
Following Pages
Last Typing Line
Headers
Footers

Paper Source
Lines per em/
Inch

7
60
If created, system
prints beginning
on line 3
If created, system
prints beginning
on line 63
Determined by program
diskette Volume 1
2.36/cm or 6/in.

If you have enough information, go on to the Example
or Self-Test. If you would like more information, read
the Help that follows.

Common Text Applications

1-1

Understanding the Document Format / Help

HELP
Every document you create has specific format
requirements. They determine what your document
will look like when it is printed. To determine which
defaults should be changed to meet those requirements :
1. Check the document you want to create against
the defaults.
In many instances the defaults will be appropriate.
You may only have to change one or two settings.
2. Determine if the default for each format
requirement is appropriate.
You may be printing a letter on letterhead stationery
and require the first typing line to be farther down
on the page. Or you may not like single spacing
for draft documents.
3. If a default is not appropriate, determine what the
setting should be.
In some instances you can determine the new setting
by looking at the document and using your
knowledge of formatting. You may know that you
want the left margin at 24 to leave room for making
notes. You may always create draft documents in
double spacing.
In other cases you may make a selection from the
choices the system offers. For example, you can
choose any of five types of tabs.
You have already seen "Type Your Choice" menus
and learned how to make selections. You will learn
more about accessing the appropriate menus and
choosing a setting in the next segment of this lesson.

Common Text Applications

Understanding the Document Format / Help

Below is more information on each of the format
requirements.

Create Document
1AXXXA I TRAIN I

I Practice

I Ins I

Create Document
1AXXXA I TRAIN I

I Practice

I Pg. 1

1·1

I Page End

I Ln. 7

I Kyb 1 I Pitch 12

• Left Margin
The symbol
on the scale line shows where the
left margin is set. The number 2 on the scale line
equals 20, the number 3 equals 30, and so on.
• R ight Margin
The symbol» shows where the right margin is set.

• Tab Settings
The symbols on the scale line vary depending upon
the type of tab you set. The illustration shows the
default flush left tab settings on the scale line. The
default tab settings are every five spaces starting at
23, as shown. You will learn about the other tab
symbols later.

I Ins I
Pg. 1

I Kyb 1 I Pitch 12

«. 2 ••.::: ...... 3 . ..... : . . ~. 4 "!':"!' 5 "!"!: "!' 6 "!' :"!' 7 "!':"!' 8 "!':"!' » •. !.: ..!. 10.

Flush left tab settings

Common Text Applications

I Page End

I Ln.

1·1

Understanding the Document Format / Help

• Type of Tab
You may choose any of five types of tabs.
- A Flush Left Tab aligns text at the left. The default
is a Flush Left Tab set every five spaces.
- A Center Tab automatically centers anything
typed after it.

Center tabbed

Topics:
Work Flow
Milestones
Budget
Overall Objectives
- A Decimal Tab automatically aligns numbers
around a decimal point.

Decimal tabbed

54.05
783.79
210.65
11,340.58

Common Text Applications

Understanding the Document Format / Help

- A Comma Tab automatically aligns figures around
a comma.

1-1

Comma tabbed

1,015
36 ,530
100,855
- A Flush Right Tab automatically aligns a series
of column entries at the right.

• Line Spacing
The default for line spacing is single spacing. In
addition, you can choose any of the following
settings:
- Double spacing
- Triple spacing
- Spacing every half line
- Spacing every line and a half

Common Text Applications

Flush right tabbed

Participants
Eliot Gray
Ava Schmid
LeRoy LaRue
Eu Tong

1·1

Understanding the Document Format / Help

• Line Alignment
The default is left for a ragged right margin. You
may choose lh Justify for a tighter right margin
or Justify for a justified right margin.
• Pitch and Typestyle
The default for pitch is 12-pitch (Elite). The default
for typestyle is 086, Prestige Elite. The typestyle
you choose determines the pitch.

Ragged right
margin

llXllXllllllXXXll\)(XXXXXXXXX)lXXXXX

xXXXXXXXll)(XXXIlXXXXXXXXXXltXXXXIl
X1XII.XlI.XX)(X)U\XX)()(XXIO,X )(Xlll(

XXlI.IUXX)(XXII.l0l.1I.1)(XlO(XXII.XXllXXXX

XXXXllK)lXXXIlXXXX)l)(llXX)(XXJ()()(
xxxXXXXXXXKXX)()(XXXXXX)(XXXXXXJI.lI.

Tighter right
margin
(partial
justification)
Right margin
justified

)(XXXXXX)(XXXl(XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
)(IlXX)(XXX)()(XXXXXXXXII.XXXXXX.XXXIlIl
.1XIlXXXXXXIlXXXlllXXXXllX)(XXXXX

II. XX XXXX)(XXXll)(XlllI.)()(XllKXllII.XX)()(X

XXXXXX)(XXllXXXIlXXXXXXXXXX)(XXlI.
XXXXXXlllXXXXXXXXXllllXXXXlI,XXXXXlI.

X)lXXII.XXXXXXXXXXX)()(XlI,XX)l.XXXXXXX

XXXllltIl.II.XXXXXX)(X)(XXXXXXxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxX);,XXXlI.lI.XXXXXX)!. lU(XXXXXXIl

)()(XXXXXXXXXX)(XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX)lX

)( xxx xxxxxxx x •• ~ ~~ x x v v ~ ~ v v v v y ~

• Size of Paper or Envelope
The default for paper size is 215.9 x
279.4 mm or 8.5 x 11 in.

355 .6 mm x 215.9 mm

215.9 mm x
279.4 mm

14" x 8.5"

8.5" x 11 "

215 .9mm x
355 .6 mm

279.4 mm x 215.9mm

11" x 8.5"

Different
sizes of
paper and
envelopes

8.5" x 14"

/
/

Common Text Applications

Understanding the Document Format / Help

1-1

• First Typing Line, First Page
The D isplaywriter is set to begin typing on line 7.
The default must be changed to print on certain
pages such as letterheads.
• First Typing Line, Following Pages
The default is line 7.
LETIERHEAD

LETTERHEAD

First

typing
line
= 15

..................................
, .... " ........... " ....... , .....
,"
"

.........
................ .......................................
, ..... .
............................
........ .... .............. ,,, ...
. ,., ..
.,,,,......................
, ...... , .. ........, .. ........... ... ,... ..... .
.......
,,"", ............... ,,, .............. ,,, .............. , ..... , .. .. .
....
.... .......
, .... ,., .................... ....... .
.. .....
....... " .....................
....... , ........... ,.," ...................
..............................
.............. ,....,....." .... " .... ...... ..
.......
,., .......... " .... , ........ , ......... , .... ,,, . , ... ,., ....... " .. .
., .. .....
.....,.,...... " ....
.......................
..... ............
..... .. . .. .
.....,.,,.,'"
.... , .. .. .. ..............
... ,",.,
...........
,.,.'.', ...... .. ,,, ..... ,,' .. ,., ... , ... ... " ..... ,.
... .....................
, .... ,., ...... ... .. ....... ....
..... .. ... ,.
'''"

''',

,''"

....... ,...... ,.... ,..." ,.................................................
... ,...... , ............ ,...............................
......................
......." ....... " ........................................" ... " ...... ,' ... .
" ..,., .................... , ... , ..... , .........................................
..........
, .......................................... , ...................... .

First

typing
line

,
,'",,"""","

,.,.,
"

,.,

,.,.,

....

, ., ,
,.,
"
,

,.,.,

,.,

,.,"

..., ................................... , ............, ........ ,................ .
, ......... , ....................................... , ........ , ....... ...... ..
... ,...... , ... " .............. ,.,." ............. ,...................... .. .
................................................................................

......, ,,, ... , ................................................. , ... .

...... , .. , .. ... ', ... , ..............................................
" .... ..
.....................................
, ... , .. , .................... .. ,', ....... .
........ ...................... ..........................................
..
,

,.,

"
,
.................................................
, ..........................
.................
, ........ , ... , ....... , .... , ............................... , ..
....................
, ............... , .................. ,., ...... ,., ..... ..
............................................................................
, ............................................., .. , .......,.' ........, ........ .
..............
, ......... " .................. , .................... , ...
........,......." ........
, ...... , .......... ,.... , .... , ................. , ............ .

Last

typing
line
= 60

........
,., ....., ............. , ........ , .... , .. , ... , .......... , ........ .
...............................................................................
, ... , ....... , ............. , ... ,........................... , ... , ........... .
...................................
, ....................................... .
................
, ......................................... ,., ...... , ...........
..... ,.. ,.... ' ......
, ............ " .................. , ...... ,,, ............. .
........................................
" ................ , ........ ' ... , ... .

FIRST PAGE

Common Tex t Applications

., .....................
...............,..... , ...... , ....................... . .
.............................................................................
........
...........................
... ,...... ,...,.( ...... ,..........,.... ,
.........
" . " ........................................... , .. ,. ' ........... ..
.............
......... , ..",.,..........
.. ,...............
..........................................
.
, .. , ....... " .................................... .
,

Last

typing
line
= 60
FOLLOWING PAGES

1·1

• Last Typing Line
The Displaywriter
60 on each page.

Understanding the Document Format / Help

set to stop paginating at line

xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

xxxxxxxxxx

xxxxxxx

xxxxxxxxxxx

xxx

xxxxx

xxxxxxxxxxxx

xxpxxxxxxxx

xxxxxxxxxx

xxxxxxx

xxxxxxxxxx

xxxxx

xxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxx

xxxxxxx

xxxxxxxxxxxx
xxx xxx xxx x
xxxxx
xxxxxxx

XXXXXX10(XXXX

xxxxxxxxxx

xxxxx

JOiXXXXX

xxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxx

xxxxx

xxxxxxx

xxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxx

xxxxx

xxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxx
xxx xxx xxx x

xxxxx

xxxxxxx

xxxxxxxxxxxx

xxxxxxxxxx
xxxxx
XXXXXXX

XXXXXXXXXl(XX

xxxxxxxxxx

xxxxx

Line 60 -

xxxx

xxxxxxx

t--- xxxxxxxxxxxx

xxxxx

xxxxxx

xxx x

xxxxxxxxxx
xxxxx

xxxxxxxxxxxx

xxxxxx

xxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxx

xxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxx

xxxxxxxxxxx

xxx

xxxxxxxxxx
xxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxx

xxxxxxxxxx
xxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxx

xxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxx xxxxx

xxxxxxxxxx
xxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxx

xxxxxxxxxx
xxxxx
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xxxxxxxxxx
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xxxxxxxxxx
xxxx
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xxxxxxxxxx
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xxxxxxxxxx
xxxx
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xxxxxxxxxx
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xxxxxxxxxx
xxxx
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xxxxxxxxxx
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xxxxxx

xxxxxxxxxx
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xxxxxxxxxx
xxxx
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xxxxxxxxxx
xxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxx

xxxxxxxxx x
xxxxxxxxxxx

xxxxxxxxxx
xxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxx

xxxxxxxxxx
xxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxx

xxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxx

xxxxxxxxxx
xxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxx

xxxxxxxxxx
xxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxx

xxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxx

xxxxx

xxx

xxxxx

xxx

xxxxx

xxx

xxxxx

xxx

xxxxx

xxx

xxxxx

xxx

xxxxx

xxx

xxxxx

xxx

xxxxx

last typing line = 60

.r:lI

Common Text Applications

Understanding the Document Format / Help

• Headers at the Tops of Pages
The Displaywriter enables you to create text or
numbers in the top margin of every page. If you
choose to create a header, the default is for the
header to print beginning on line 3.

SECTION 3

Headers

I
SECTI ON 3

Common Text Applications

1·1

I
I

1·1

Understanding the Document Format / Help

• Footers at the Bottoms of Pages
The Displaywriter enables you to create t ext or
numbers in the bottom margin of every page. If you
choose to create a footer, the setting prints the footer
beginning on line 63.
• Paper Source
If you turn the printer on before loading the program
diskette, the system determines the setting when you
load the Volume 1 program diskette.

Pg . 3

Footers

Pg . 2

Pg . 1

Common Text Applications

Understanding the Document Format / Help

1·1

• Lines per em / Inch
The system default is 2.36 lines per centimeter or
6 lines per inch . The other choices available are:
- 2.09 lines per cm or 5.3 lines per in.
- 3.15 lines per cm or 8 lines per in.
- 9.45 lines per cm or 24 lines per in.
- 2.0 lines per cm or 5.08 lines per in.
2.36 lines
per em
or 6 lines
per inch

3.5 lines
per em
or 8 lines
per inch
~~

•• ~~r~~e~i.~!:i

~:.::;;:. "n.d~l r d " .. 1.. "., •• "

t ••

,Ind ..",

~",·.I·

~~:~~ m:~i, ~~~.:' .:.~~;~l, :~'~: ~:~ ~!!.~:"'~ h~, .~~:!;:~: . ,~r:~.•:n: .
Thur peopl' "11 1 b • • • • dlnl d."lled "'p. 01 til_ ,onlo, ,,. c • • tU .nd
.ch.d~lu 01
0" .hov can .nend ouol",," 0' InUrn, '" 'hu '"

,h.,.

'p.r.

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Th •• .of. " . " , ... 1•• 1. ,nt.rUlod In _"on,.
.ppl1<."on.'n .... '/'.\d.

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hod. Go ...... ""
S •• lh E)"ov. r
~.'h. r un .,"
S •• v. Aleun,lo.

'.I"dl~1

'1:00-11:00

l1'OO_!:OO

11:00-1:10
I :OO-~:OO
I :OO-~:oo

Th'M~"

Common Text Applications

<_'....

!~;il~:~'~;~':~ ;,~:'il!~~~r.".d
th. 1 •• 11",, 1"1 1""1'1.

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All.h

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mg·!~!!~.,

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",' ,,,.

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• •~.... ,.,
., .... .

1·1

Understanding the Document Format / Help

Document Format Checklist

Use the checklist as a guide when you make document
formatting decisions.
How to Use the Checklist
If a setting has to be changed, simply check it on the
list. This helps you make selections in the Format
Selection menu.
In this segment, you will be working with only the
first ten items on the checklist. The tenth item is Last
Typing Line.

DOCUMENT FORMAT

o
o

o
o
o

left margin
ri ght margin
tab settings
line spaci ng
line alignment
typestyle and pitch
size of paper or
envelope
first typing line,
first page
first typing line,
following pages
last typing line
headers at tops of
pages
footers at bottoms
of pages
paper source (for
sheet feed paper handl er)
lines per cm/ inch

An example of how to determine which settings to change
follows.

Common Text Applications

Understanding the Document Format / Example

1·1

EXAMPLE
Below is a memo as it would appear if typed using
the defaults.

1
\=IRST TYPlNb

Le.FT MARbIN
AT~

L1t\.JE.
July I , 1981

_ _ _ _~)~ M r . R. L. Smith
Ex e c utiv e Towers
2003 So uth Canal Stree t
New Orleans, LA 70230

AiQO

The Business Club Finance committee is scheduled to meet on July 8
fro m 8:00 a. m. to 11:00 a.m . Thank you for agreeing to be one of our
speakers . The schedule of speakers, topics, and times is as follows:
Topics
Today ' s Dollar
Trends in Adve rti s ing
Br ai nstorming
The Role of the Executive

Time
8:00
9:00
10:00
11: 00

r=WSH
LEFT
TAB

Winslow
v. Kresselmann
w. Mc Murtrie
L . Smith

5"
SF'ACE..<;

If you have t o make a change in your schedule or topic, o r have
o ther questions, please call my sec r e tary. We are all looking forward
to hea ring yo ur t a lk .

9C."TTI~ R.
E.VERY

Sincerely,

Joseph R. Newman

Common Text Applications

"'~or----_ I

f
tab settmgs A, a;L . FWS~
line spac ingLE!=i T~AT ~O .
line alignment
typestyl e and pitch
size of paper or
---./ enve lope
l!'J first typin g line, ::z..q
first page
first typing line ,
following pages
~ last typing line 5((3
headers at tops of
pages
footers at bottoms
of pages
paper so urce (for
sheet feed paper handler)
lines per cm / inch

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

If you had any problems with the Self-Test, review the
segment and take the Self- Test again.

Common Text Applications

Changing the Document Format

Prerequisites:
You must have completed
the previous segment

2
FOR
LI tVE. FORMAT,

I'LL I-IAVE.
DOUBLE.
5PACI~ .

In the last segment you learned to identify
the format settings that meet document
requirements. On the Displaywriter,
document format is set up through a
number of format menus. The Format
Selection menu is like a table of contents
for the other format menus.
In .this segment you will learn to identify
which selection to make in the Format
Selection menu. You will also learn to
change the defaults for the document
format.
Your goal for this segment is to be able
to use the Format Selection menu to change
defaults for your document format.

Common Text Applications

1·2

Changing the Document Format / Main Idea

MAIN IDEA
The Format Selection menu is like a table of contents
for the other format menus. You will make the
following menu selections in the Format Selection
menu.
To Change:

Choose this Menu :

Left Margin
Right Margin
Tab Settings
Type of Tab
Line Spacing
Line Alignment
Pitch & Typestyle
Size of Paper or
Envelope
First Typing Line,
First Page
First Typing Line,
Following Pages
Last Typing Line
Headers

Change
Change
Change
Change
Change
Change
Change

Footers
Paper Source
Lines per Cm/Inch

Margins and
Margins and
Margins and
Margins and
Line Format
Line Format
Line Format

Tabs
Tabs
Tabs
Tabs

Change Page Format
Change Page Format
Change Page Format
Change Page Format
Change Header and
Footer
Change Header and
Footer
Change Page Format
Change Line Format

Common Text Applica tions

Changing the Document Format / Main Idea

The procedures for accessing the menus and making
changes are as follows :
Accessing the Format Selection Menu
1. Follow the steps to create or revise a document.
2. Stop when you get to the Create or Revise
Document menu.
3. Choose Change Document Fonnat.
M oving Through the Format Menus
1. In the Format Selection menu, choose the item for
the menu that contains the fonnat item you are
looking for.
2. When that menu appears, look for the format item
and setting.
3. Change the items you want to change.
4. When you are finished with the menu, press ENTER
to return to the Format Selection menu.
5. Repeat the first four steps until you locate all the
appropriate fonnat items.

Common Text Applications

1·2

Changing the Document Format/ Main Idea

Changing Settings in Your Choice Menus
A Your Choice menu is any menu that contains
defaults in a column under the heading, YOUR
CHOICE. Follow these steps to change settings:
1. Choose the item you want to change.
2. To choose the new setting:
a. Type the number for the new setting.
b. Press ENTER.
3. Press ENTER again when you are finished with
the menu.
Changing Settings in the Margins and Tabs Menu
Follow the steps given in the Margins and Tabs menu
to change settings.·

If you have enough information, go on to the
Demonstration. If you would like more detail, read the
Help that follows.

Common Text Applications

Changing the Document Format / Help

1·2

HELP
Accessing the Format Selection Menu
1. Follow the steps to create or revise a document.
2. Stop when you get to the Create or Revise
Document menu.
If you press ENTER too many times, press END
and choose Revise to access the document again.
3. Choose Change Document Format.
Choosing this item does not mean that you have
to change the format. You may make changes or
you may look through the menus and settings.

CREATE DR REVISE DOCUMENT
10 ITEM

c
d

Document Commenl
Cha nge Doc um ent Formal
Change Alternate Format
Preserve Page Numbers

YOUR
CHOICE

POSSIBLE
CHOICES

1 = Yes 2 = No

When finished with Ihis menu, press ENTER.

IType ID leller 10 choose ITEM; press ENTER: I ~

Common Text Applications

1·2

Changing the Document Format / Help

Moving Through the Format Menus
1. Scan the Format Selection menu and choose the
item for the menu that contains the format item
you're looking for.
Note: The menu that appears on your screen may
have fewer items than the one pictured here. You
may disregard the additional items.
Each of the items in the Format Selection menu
(shown on the right) is another menu. These other
menus contain all of the format items in your
Document Format Checklist. The table in the Main
Idea shows you which menu item you should choose
to change each default.

FORMAT SELECTION
ID

ITEM

Change
Change
Change
Change
Change
Change
Change

b
c •
d

f
g

Line Format
Margins and tabs
Page Format
Header and Footer
Alternating Headers and Footers
Footnote Format
Outline Level Formats

When finished with this menu , press ENTER.

I Type ID lener to choose ITEM; press ENTER:I~

Common Text Applications

Changing the Document Format I Help

2. When the menu appears, look for the format item
and setting.
There are two types of menus. All but one of the
menus look like the one below. Take a moment
to look at the menu and how it's organized.

ID column indicates
the identification
letter for each item.
This is the letter you
type on the prompt line.-/ ITEM column identifies the
specific format settings

YOUR CHOICE shows
the present setting
for each item.

POSSIBLE CHOICES shows
the available choices
for each item and the
number assigned to
ea ch. When prompted,
type the number on
I the prompt line .
LINE +RMAT

YOUR
POSSIBLE
CHOICE CHOICES
1
1 = Single 2 = Oouble 3 = Triple
4 =Hall
5 =1 and V,
line Alignment
1 = Lett
2 = Justify
3 = V, Justify
1 • 31 !10 Pitch)
Typestyle Number 36
3D ·111 12 Pitch)
154·175 Proportional)
215·230 15 Pitch)
lines/cm or in .
2
1 = 2.09/cm or 5.3/in.
2 = 2.36/cm or 6/in.
3 =3.15/cm or 3/in.
4 =9.45/cm or 24/in.
5 = 2.0/cm or 5.03/in.
Adjust Line Endings 1
1 = Yes
2 = No
Zone Width
6
1·30

IO ITEM
.
Line Spacing
b
c

e
I

When linished with this menu , press ENTER .

IType 10 letter to choose ITEM; press ENTER: I~

Common Text Applications

1·2 .

1·2

Changing the Document Format / Help

The Margins and Tabs menu is set up quite
differently from the other menus. Take a moment to
see how this menu is organized.
Paper edge symbol
Left
margin

Flush left

Right margin
symbol I

ymbOI ~ tab setting

Scale {
line

« . 2 .., .:..,. 3 ..,. : .., . 4 .. ,.:. .,. 5 .. ,~ .., . 6 ..,. : ..,. 7 ..,.: .., . 8 .. , .:..,.» ..,.:.., .10.

MARGINS AND TABS

Directions
for using
the menu

SET MARGIN: Use+-or -> key to move cursor to margin (<< or » ).
Use SPACE bar or BKSP key to move margin.
SET TAB: Use +- or -> key to move cursor 10 where you want tab.
For Flush Left Tab, press TAB For Center Tab, press CTR
For Decimal Tab, press . For Flush Right Tab, press RET
For Comma Tab, press ,
CLEAR TAB: Use +- or -> key to move cursor to tab ; press DEL
MOVE TABS: Use+-or->key to move cursor to tab .
Use SPACE bar or BKSP key to move tabs.
SET ALL TABS: Use +- or -> key to move cursor to left margin (<< ).
Type number lor spacing between tabs ; press ENTER .
CLEAR ALL TABS: Use +- or -> key to move cursor to left margin (<< );
press DEL

IWhen finished , press ENTER . I~

Common Text Applications

Changing the Document Format / Help

1·2

You can tell what the left and right margin settings
are by looking at the scale line. The symbol
indicates
the left margin. The symbol
indicates the right
margin. On the scale line, the number 2 represents a
20, the number 3 represents a 30, and so on.
You can also tell where tab stops are set and what
kind of tab stops they are.

•
•
•
•
•

A
A
A
A
A

- means a Flush Left tab.
comma means a Comma tab.
period means a Decimal tab.
1·1 means a Center tab.
=l means a Flush Right tab.

The rest of the menu provides instructions for
changing the settings. Take a moment to look at the
menu.
3. Change the items you want to change.
4. When you are finished with the menu, press ENTER
to return to the Format Selection menu.
Any time you finish with a menu or you want to
choose another one, press ENTER and the Format
Selection menu appears. If you get into the typing
area by mistake, end the document and reaccess
it by choosing Revise Document. Choose Change
Document Format to return to the Format Selection
menu.
5. Repeat the first four steps until you find all the
format items and settings you're looking for.

FORMAT SELECTION
10

f
g

ITEM
Change
Change
Change
Change
Change
Change
Change

line Format
Margins and Tabs
Page Format
Header and Footer
Alternating Headers and Footers
Footnote Format
Oulline Level Formats

When finished with this menu , press ENTER.

; Type 10 leller to choose ITEM; press ENTER: ~

Common Text Applications

1·2

Changing the Document Format / Help

Changing Settings in Your Choice Menus
1. Choose the item you want to change.
a. Type the 10 letter for the item you want.
b. Press ENTER.
The prompt "Type your choice; press ENTER"
appears.

Default

liNE FORMAT

YOUR
POSSIBLE
ID ITEM
CHOICE CHOICES
a line Spacing
1
1 = Single 2 = Oouble 3 = Triple
5 = 1 and 'Iz
4 = Half
b line Alignment
1 = left
2 = Justify
3 =V. Justify
c Typestyle Number 86
1 - 31 !10 Pitchl
80 -111 12 Pitch
154-175 Proportional)
215 -230 15 Pitch)
d lines/cm or in.
2
1 =2.09/cm or 5.3/in.
2 =2.36/cm or 6/in.
3 = 3.15/cm or 8/in.
4 =9.45/cm or 24/in.
5 =2.0/cm or 5.08/in.
e Adjusl line Endings 1
1 =Yes
2 =No
1-30
I Zone Width
6
When finished with this menu, press ENTER.

IType ID leller to choose ITEM; press ENTER: III!
2. Choose the new setting.
The possible choices are listed by number in the
right column.
a. Type the number for your choice.
b. Press ENTER.
The new setting is now highlighted in the Your
Choice column.
3. Press ENTER when you are finished with the menu.
The Format Selection menu appears.

New setting

10 ITEM

line SpaCing

Line Alignment

Typestyle Number

LINE FORMAT

YOUR
POSSIBLE
CHOICE CHOICES
2
1 = Single 2 = Double 3 = Triple
4 = Half
5 = 1 and 'Iz
1 = left
2 = Justify
3 =V. Justify
86
1 - 31 (10 PitChl
80 -111 (12 Pitch

Changing Settings in the Margins and Tabs Menu
The instructions for changing margins and tabs are
contained in the menu itself. The following are more
detailed instructions for selected steps.

Common Text Applications

Changing the Document Format/ Help

1·2

Setting Margins

Use the cursor movement keys to place the cursor at
the left or right margin symbol.

Use the space bar or BKSP to change the margin.
The space bar moves the margin symbol to the right
along the scale line. BKSP moves the margin symbol
to the left along the scale line.
The number 2 on the scale line represents the
number 20. The number 3 represents the number 30,
and so on. Therefore, to change the left margin setting
from 18 to 25 you would:
• Use the cursor movement key to place the cursor
under the left margin symbol.
• Use the space bar to move five spaces past the
number 2.

Common Text Applications

UIAED

1·2

Changing the Document Format / Help

Setting Tabs
Use the cursor movement keys to place the cursor
where you want your tab setting.
Press TAB if you want a Flush Left tab.
For the other types of tabs, press the keys identified
below.
Center tab:
Decimal tab:
Flush Right tab:
Comma tab:

press CTR
press . (period)
press RETURN
press, (comma)

Common Text Applications

Changing the Document Format / Help

1·2

Clearing All Tabs
To clear all of the tabs on the scale line, do the
following:

1. Use the cursor movement keys to place the cursor
on the left margin.
2. Press DEL.
Place cursor under
left margin symbol

« . 2 .. ~. : .. ~. 3 .. ~. : .. ~. 4 .. ~.: .. ,. 5 .. i!: .. ,. 6 .. ,. : .. , .7

Press DEl
« . 2 .... : .... 3 .... : .... 4 .. .. : .. .. 5 .. :!: .... 6 .... : .... 7

Common Text Applications

1·2

Changing the Document Format/ Help

Setting All Tabs
To set tabs an equal number of spaces apart, do the
following :
1. Place the cursor on the left margin.
2. Type the number for spacing between tabs.
For example, you could set tabs every three spaces
by typing a 3 for spacing.
3. Press ENTER.

Place cursor under
left margin symbol

«. 2..,.:..,. 3 .. ,.: ..,.4 .. !.: .. ,. 5 .. ;ro .. ,. 6 ..,.: .. ,. 7

Type 3, press ENTER

Note tabs
every 3 spaces

To practice changing the document format, go on to
the Demonstration.

Common Tex t Applications

Changing the Document Format / Demonstration

1·2

DEMONSTRATION
You are going to change the system defaults for a
memo. You will change the defaults to the settings
listed on the Document Format Checklist in the
illustration.
Choose Revise to access the following document:
Document name: Memo
Diskette name: TRAIN
Stop at the Create or Revise Document menu.
Choose Change Document Format.
The Format Selection menu appears.
If at any time during the Demonstration you get into
the typing area by mistake, press END. Choose Revise
to access the document again. Return to the Create
or Revise Document menu. Then choose Change
Document Format to get back to the Format Selection
menu.
Choose Change Margins and Tabs.
First you will change the margins. You will set the
left margin at 25 and the right margin at 85. The cursor
should already be at the left margin.
Press the space bar to move the cursor to 25 on the
scale line.

Common Text Applications

DOCUMENT FORMAT

~ left margin 2.5
~ . right margi n95

;:::;(
~

oel.ETE DEFAL)LT

tab settmg STA~ ,SETFl..l.l'":*\
~~~ 0 line spacin~PTTABAT 2-B
o line alignment
typestyle and pitch
size of paper or
envelope
first typing line , LINE t+
first page
first typing line ,
following pages
last typing line
o headers at tops of
pages
footers at bottoms
of pages
paper source (for
sheet feed paper handler)
lines per cm/ inch

o
o

o
o
o
o
o

1·2

Changing the Document Format / Demonstration

Press -+ to move the cursor to the right margin.
The right margin is currently set at 90.
Press BKSP to move the margin to 85 on the scale
line.
The margins are now set at 25 and 85. Now you will
change the tabs.
Place the cursor at the left margin.
Press DEL.
All the tab symbols under the scale line disappear.
This shows that all preset tabs have been cleared.
Use the cursor movement keys to move the cursor to
28.
Press TAB to set the tab.
A line appears under the scale line to show where
the tab is set and what kind of tab it is.
Press ENTER to return to the Format Selection menu.

Common Text Applications

Changing the Document Format / Demonstration

Choose Change Line Format.
The Line Format menu appears. Take a moment to
look at the choices on this menu.
Type the ID letter for Line Spacing and press ENTER.
The prompt "Type YOUR CHOICE; press ENTER"
appears.
Type 2 to choose Double Spacing and press ENTER.
The 2 appears highlighted in the Your Choice column.
Press ENTER to return to the Format Selection menu.
Choose Change Page Format.
The Page Format menu appears. Take a moment to
look at the choices on this menu.
Type the ID letter for First Typing Line, First Page,
and press ENTER.
The prompt "Type YOUR CHOICE; press ENTER"
appears.
Type 4 and press ENTER.
This changes the first typing line from line 7 to line
4.

Common Text Applications

1·2

Changing the Document Format / Demonstration

Press ENTER three times to get to the typing area.
Press END.
Paginate the document.
This ensures that all format changes are effective.
Print the document.
Notice the difference between the way this copy of
the document looks and the way it would have looked
if printed using the defaults. These differences are the
result of the changes you made in the document format.

Common Text Applications

Changing the Document Format / Demonstration

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check fo r 52"> .00 1 0 ('ov('r

1I,'n' .'1r~· fh~· won! rrOt'l'''''ln~ ... lld.,,, vnll fl'qul'"tt·d.
,\ ("Ih'ck for
$,",,1111 I" ,ilV ..', P'""( l' ....01 n~ ,Illd dup 1 i( ,I( Inn m.lv h., "l'nl d i n'e l Iv to
'1 ... 111,-n \,'il 1 I ... , 1' 1 , .... !ch·nt "I {"ort'pl'" l'nllml!,-.I.
---

<;('11 1

pfoc('''~ing

1·2

ft'qUt:~I('d.

and oupllc"l ion m.I\' b{·

to ,'1 s. rlll'll I.'ilils. I'ft!sid.·nl

Cnnct!pt ..

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tltI •. ln~·"", Irlll(" .• lj"n """-11"1'.

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th.lt

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t he p r t!sen t at Ion. give me

[ 11<1\,(' numbered l ilt! .,! I des.

(an ret"r to the s!ideo; b\' number .

[Ian Kurn!<.

S;lie<: Ili re (' t nr

Typed using defaults

Go on to the Self-Test.

Common Text Applications

Typed using new document format settings

Common Text Applications

Changing the Document Format/ Self-Test

1·2

SELF·TEST
For this Self-Test you are going to change system
format defaults on a document.
Choose Revise to access the following document:
Document name: Hayes Letter
Diskette name: TRAIN
Make the format changes indicated on the
Document Format Checklist in the illustration.
Paginate and print the document.

DOCUMENT FORM AT

~ left

r7f
l'LI

o
o

o
I!f
o
o
o

o
o

Go on to the Feedback.

Common Text Applications

margin 1.5

o right margin g O
.

[)EL£T'E

ca=AULI

tab settm gs-rAeF.l,'SET' ~~
line spacingLEFTTA8AT 30
line alignment ..JI)'STIFV M"
.
MAR6.lN
typestyle and pitch
size of paper or
envelope
first typing line , LiNE.l.D
first page
first typing line,
fo llowi ng pages
last typing line
headers at tops of
pages
footers at bottoms
of pages
paper source (for
sheet feed paper handler)
lines per cm / inch

1·2

Changing the Document Format / Feedback

FEEDBACK
Your printed document should be formatted like the
one in the illustration.

~lr.

Michae 1 Hayes
6909 La kevicl.' Drive
Linden Hill s , HN 554\0
We ...·e re
talk ,

"Th er e

plcotsed
Have

Be cn

receive
Some

you r

Chang('s

rcqllc!';t

fo r

Mad e ,"

."lnd

hoJppy to confirm thi s progr am .... ith yo u.
The DAn:
I s August
12 ,
198 2 .
The TI ME i ~
7:00 P.M. s harp.
The I'I.AC~: i s t h e o ld Fireside
!louse l oca l c u at
I(JQ Limcskin Pik e in l.inden
Hill s .

If you need ;my further
ou r office be f o r e August S .

Mr ~ .

inf o r mal i on . ple.lsc c.111

Maude Rya n

Educat iona I Coo r d in.1to r

Common Text Applications

Changing the Document Format / Feedback

If your document does not begin on the same line,
check your setting for First Typing Line, First Page,
in the Page Format menu.
If your margins are different, check your margin
settings in the Margins and Tabs menu.
If your tab is different, check your tab settings in
the Margins and Tabs menu.
If your right margin is not even, check the Line
Alignment setting in the Line Format menu.

Common Text Applications

1·2

Format Changes Within a Document

Common Text Applications

As you already know, the Displaywriter
sets up your formats for you even before
you start typing. These built-in formats are
called " defaults." They save you a lot of
time, because most of your documents may
look like the "default" format. There are
times, however, when you won't want to
use the built-in defaults.
Then you'll have to change the format
of your document.
There are different ways to change
formats. The way you choose depends on
how much of your document needs a
different format.
You already learned in Lesson I of this
unit how to make the first kind of format
change. You learned that when you want
to change the format of a large part (or
all) of your document, you use the Format
Selection menus before you go to the typing
area.

Format Changes Within a Document

In this lesson you'll learn how to use the CHG FMT
key when you want to change the format of a smaller
part of your document -- maybe just a page, a
paragraph, or even a word. You make format changes
to smaller parts of your document after you go to
the typing area.
In Segment 1 you'll learn how to make format
changes to a whole page or more of text.
In Segment 2 you'll learn how to make format
changes to a line or more of text.
In Segment 3 you'll learn how to make format
changes to typestyle for a word or more of text.
In Segment 4 you'll learn how to revise format
changes that have already been made.
In Segment 5 you'll learn how to use the conversion
ruler that came with your Displaywriter to help you
with your formatting.
The training documents for this lesson are found
on MASTER. If you have not already done so,
duplicate MASTER onto TRAIN.

Common Text Applications

Making Page Format Changes

Prerequisites:
You must have completed
all previous segments in
this unit. If you have a
sheet-feed paper handler,
you must have completed
Printing, Lesson 1,
Segment 3

You can change the format of a part of
your document to be different from the
format you established in the document
format. In this segment you will learn how
to change the format for a page or more
of your document.
After you have made a change to a page
or more of your document, you may want
to return to the format established in the
document format.
You can return to your original format
by making a single menu selection. The
system has a record of the document format
settings, and returns to all or some of them
whenever you choose. There is an item or
items called Return to Starting Choices in
the Format Selection menus.
Your goal for this segment is to be able
to make page format changes and return
to your starting choices correctly.

Common Text Applications

2·1

Making Page Format Changes / Main Idea

MAIN IDEA
A page format change allows you to change the format
of a page or more of text to be different from the
format established in the document format.
Follow these steps to make page format changes:
1. Place your cursor at the upper left corner of the
page where the format change begins.
2. Press CHG FMT.
3. Choose the item or items in this Format Selection
menu to go to the appropriate formatting items.
Change the settings.
4. Return to the typing area and type the text that
is in the new format.
When you have completed typing the text with the
changed format, you may want to return to the format
established in the document format.
To return to starting choices:
1. Place your cursor at the upper left corner of the
page where the format change begins.
2. Press CHG FMT.
3. Choose the item to return the desired setting or
settings to starting choices.

If you have enough information, go on to the
Demonstration. If you would like more detail about
page format changes, read the Help that follows.

Common Text Applications

Making Page Format Changes / Help

2·1

HELP
To make a page format change, your cursor must be
exactly at the beginning of the page. It must be on
the left margin of the first typing line. You can check
your position by reading the line number on the status
line.
When you make a page format change, you may
change one or more of these format items that will
affect an entire page:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•

First Typing Line
Last Typing Line
Paper/Envelope Size
Printing Paper Source
Header and Footer
Alternating Headers and Footers
Begin Using Document Format
Begin Using Alternate Format

8112" x 11"

For example, you may want to change paper size
to accommodate a wide table. To change paper size
you must make a page format change, since paper
size affects the entire page.
You may also change other format items that need
not always affect an entire page, but will do so in this
case. These format items are:
•
•
•
•
•
•

Margins and Tabs
Line Spacing
Line Alignment
Adjust Line Endings
Zone Width
Typestyle

11" x 8W'

8W'

Page 1
Page 2

Page 3

Common Text Applications

X 11"

2·1

Making Page Format Changes / Help

For example, if you make a page format change
from single spacing to double spacing, the entire page
will be double-spaced. If you only want one paragraph
within a page to be double-spaced, you do not make
a page format change. You will learn how to make
this kind of change in the next segment.

Single spaced

PAGE FORMAT CHANGE

rn:
Double spaced
[E:

Single spaced

NOT A PAG E FORMAT CHANGE

Single spaced {

Double spaced {

Single spaced {

Common Text Applications

Making Page Format Changes / Help

Page Format Changes

Cursor position

Follow these steps to make page format changes:

I Your cursor must be in

1. Place your cursor at the upper left corner of the
page where the format change begins.
You may need to press PAGE END to
automatically place your cursor at the upper left
comer of the next page. This is the correct position
to access the appropriate Format Selection menu.
If your cursor is not exactly at the beginning of
the new page -- if, for example, your cursor is one
character in from the margin or one line down from
the top of the page -- you will not access the
appropriate Format Selection menu.
2. Press CHG FMT.
The CHG FMT key is located below DEL.
The Format Selection menu appears that contains
the items you can change at the beginning of a page.

the upper left corner of the
screen

FORMAT SELECTION
ID

ITEM

a
b
c
d
e

Change
Change
Change
Change
Change

f
g
h

Return All Formats to Starting Choice
Return line Formal, Margins and Tabs to Starting Choice
Return Typestyle to Starting Choice

line Formal
Margins and Tabs
Page Format
Header and Footer
Alternating Headers and Footers

Begin Using Oocument Format
Begin Using Alternate Format

When finished with this menu , press ENTER .

IType to letter 10 choose ITEM; press ENTER: I~

Common Text Applications

2·1

Making Page Format Changes / Help

3. Choose the item or items in this Format Selection
menu to go to the appropriate formatting items.
Change the settings.
If you press ENTER too many times in the Format
Selection menu, you may return to the typing area
before you have finished with all of your changes.
If this happens you can delete the Format Change
code and create a new one.
For more information on Format Selection menu
organization, refer to the Reference Book, Menu
Sequences, or Job Aids, Tab 3, Formatting .
4. Return to the typing area and type the page or
pages that are in the new format.
A Format Change code ( IE ) is placed in the text.
This marks the beginning of the format change. The
new page format stays in effect until you change
it.
To return to starting choices:
1. Place your cursor at the upper left corner of the
page where the format change begins.
Just as with making a page format change, you may
need to press PAGE END to automatically place
your cursor at the upper left corner of the next
page. Then you can get the menu for page format
changes.
2. Press CHG FMT.
The Format Selection menu appears that contains
the items you can change at the beginning of a page.

Common Text Applications

Making Page Format Changes / Help

3. Choose the item to return the desired settings to
starting choices.
Returning to starting choices means going back to
the document format. You can choose to return
all or some of the settings to the original format.
A Format Return code ( III ) is placed in the text
where you choose to return formats to starting
choices.
Return All Formats to Starting Choices returns all
format items to their document settings.
Return Line Format, Margins and Tabs to Starting
Choice returns the document to its document format
for these items only. (Remember that line format
includes typestyle.) Changes made in the Page
Format menu and changes to headers and footers
remain in effect.
Return Typestyle to Starting Choice returns only
the typestyle to its original setting.

2·1

FORMAT SELECTION
10

ITEM

c
d

Change
Change
Change
Change
Change

g
h

line Format
Margins and Tabs
Page Format
Header and Footer
Alternating Headers and Footers

Return All Fo rmats to Starting Choice
Retu rn li ne Format, Margi ns and Tabs to Starting Choice
Return Type style to Starti ng Choice
Begin Using Document Format
Begin Using Alternate Format

When finished with this menu, press ENTER.

IType 10 letter to choose ITEM; press ENTER:

To practice making page format changes, go on to the
Demonstration.

Common Text Applications

2·1

Making Page Format Changes / Demonstration

DEMONSTRATION
Illustrated on the right is a three-page document. The
second page has been turned horizontally. You will
make a page format change in the following document
to accommodate this turned page.

8W' x 11"

11 " x 8W'
8W' x 11"

Page 1
Page 2

Page 3

Common Text Applications

Making Page Format Changes / Demonstration

Choose Revise to access the following document and
go to the typing area:
Document name: Writing Skills
Diskette name: TRAIN

FIRST PAGE
\"'rllin,. Skill" lI.e" ..·.lrdl !',,!Wf

BccominJ::
lilt of
p.iper

Compare what is on your screen with the illustrated
copy on this page.

2·1

Vl'f\!

YOU

ell',lr IoIflt ... r dl)l'sn'l

hard \.1bor .

c;oou

writin~

r .,poken ""ofds .tnd thought s.

beginner must know holo:

tIl

just happen;

invn!vi'" quill' .1

Invol\,(' lu.:;t placinlol on

d,Jesn ' t
Tn he a

SUl:C,'SS

structurt.' lele.l!> or tlwughts.

.1101.lfe til the b.,lsics rl'qllircd lor gool! wrillng .

I u I wr i

t ..

r. anv

You mll"{ alsI1 be

Rcm('mbcf that good

writllll: Is a skill lhat must bl' dcv ... lopcd most carefulh' .

For this Demonstration, set Display Codes to Yes so
that you can see the Format Change codes you create.
Remember, when you display the codes, headings and
text may appear different on the screen than when
printed. Be sure to check your exact position on the
scale line.
The text of page 1 has already been typed to save
you time. Imagine that you have just finished typing
the page that appears on the screen. Step-by -step
directions follow.

Tlw (irst step in pr('paring al1\ .!rti<:lc Of lither tvpc 01 ""ritinR

Involves ca r eful planning.
goal!> .Irt!

ttl

h~'

YOu must fir"l choose ..; hlch objectives or

>Ittaincd in this report .

.~ddition ,

you must l.lhor to

define th ... vt'rv scope Idthin .... hich vou .... Ish to present vour idea!> .

Too

oltt!n , .... riters select gond ubjectives . but do n('lt lhli l the scope of the
.... rltlng and u!;uallv end up w ith a lI\)'rhld o f ide:l!; t hat a r e no t needed o r
rOllnected to anv major gtHlls •
.\Iter vou lI a v,",

t;~le1: ted

process of carrlul r e se olrcll .

vO}lfr ob ject iv,",s , vou mus t
The 1....lSt amount 01

the article 1.1111 depe n d upon the project

itst!lr.

then begin the

r esea r ch needed for
While vou are d('llng

that re-.;earch , vou should begin early to organize vour thoughts about
th ... matcri;!1

th,~t

YOU h'lvl' gathered.

You must selec t the best method 0 1

presenting the material In the final COPy wh.ich .... ill bes t meet the needs
of readers .

,\ complete O\1t I inc .... i II be ('If cont inuous help IJhen

Iden t ifyin g the I'rinle points and keeping. them ill the proper ordpr.
good ou t I i ne force!> you to stnlcture your th i nk i ng e a rlv In th e total
process of IJ riting Your OIJ n rePOrt .
from an outline . you ..., ill be able to structure the actual report
tha t the ide a s develop naturod ly .

Refer t o the follo .... ing cha rt

ro·yjpIJ the r elatiunship bet .... een the outline and the first draft:

.....

I Start here

Common Text Applications

2·1

Making Page Format Changes / Demonstration

Place your cursor under the Page End code ( ... ).
Press PAGE END.
This creates a second page and places the cursor at
the beginning of the page. You will now make a page
format change to accommodate a turned page as page
2.
Press CHG FMT.
The Format Selection menu appears that contains the
items you can change at the beginning of a page.
Choose Change Line Format.
The Line Format menu appears.
Set Adjust Line Endings to No and press ENTER
again.
The Format Selection menu appears.
Choose Change Margins and Tabs.
The Margins and Tabs menu appears.
Clear all tabs by moving the cursor to the left margin
and pressing DEL.
Set the left margin at 40.
Use the space bar to move the left margin (
position 40.

« ) to

Common Text Applications

Making Page Format Changes / Demonstration

Set the right margin at 114.
Use the cursor movement keys to move to the right
margin (
then use the space bar to move to position
114.

» ),

Set a flush left tab at 70.
Use the cursor movement keys to move to position
70 and press TAB.
Press ENTER.
The Format Selection menu appears.
Choose Change Page Format.
The Page Format menu appears.
Set Last Typing Line at 45.
Set PaperIEnvelope Size = 4.
Set Paper Source
handler.

2 if you have a sheet-feed paper

Press ENTER enough times to get to the typing area.

Common Text Applications

2·1

Making Page Format Changes / Demonstration

Type the second page as shown in the illustrated copy.
Press RETURN three times after the heading and
twice after the other lines.
Press PAGE END.
This creates page 3 of the document. Your cursor
should be in the upper left corner of the page.
Press CHG FMT.
Choose the item to Return All Formats to Starting
Choices.

Common Text Applications

Making Page Format Changes / Demonstration

SECOND PAGE

[I The Flow of \,i ritin g

Objective

Outline

Structure

First Draft

Thoughts into Paragraphs

\-I ri te Quickly

Include All Outline Points

Don 't Attempt Revision

Little Concern fo r Grammar or Spelli ng

Writing Thoughts in Logical Order

Common Text Applications

2·1

Making Page Format Changes / Demonstration

Type the text that appears on page 3 of the document.
Paginate and print the document.
If you are using a sheet-feed paper handler, paper
should be sideways in the bottom tray before printing
the document.
If you are inserting paper manually when you print,
be sure to turn the paper sideways for page 2.
THIRD PAGE

When you ha ve c omp le t e d the in i tia l copy , you mu s t n ow b egi n the

process o f r evi sion .

At this t i me , you s hould conce nt ra t e on de t a il s

s u ch as co rr ec t s pel ling a nd g rammar.
nee de d t o de l e t e a l l mis t akes.

Rev ise tha t copy as many t i mes as

Pr oofread t he fi na l co py wi th mu ch care .

An Exercise follows. In this Exercise you have another
opportunity to practice making page format changes.

Common Text Applications

Making Page Format Changes / Exercise

2·1

EXERCISE
In this Exercise you will make a page format change
to create an envelope.
First, choose Revise to access the following
document and go to the typing area:
Document name: Randall Letter
Diskette name: TRAIN

,._ ••. l.ft'.".

J' ,

::~.!: .: , ~~;!!.:='" '''c.
lu.".... .... on'"

,t.".". 'Of u~ lu4 , .... ,,"v, _ .r ....... c ~ .. , u h . _ .. 'n " .10""
,,, . ... ,'.' -Ioa .~ • .o ..' t . nO, .w.... ,e ".'''1 010 _no,h...
" _ _<_·_'''I,IOIH' .

>" ....... '''''
,_p.... 1M ..
ho,," '"

0 1 ... "" " 'nl , ..... "" •.
" ., •• , " ...... . - ,."" ..

'n , .... . , ,, ,nc.uU ,h•• ,

u ._

I ,U" ' ... Uft hfft .ltlt " u i.
l.ach( • • • _"

<," ............ ,,", .......
p.(HIuH '.U,

.....

I 'h'''' ,..... I•••••

,,,., .. ,, ,,,, ... ,1 •• 1• •

It .. "

","f r!

~ .l....

\11.«
".

J. _ .I

a.,"". II. J • .

~. !: .:, 5::!!:.:1t
.......... ....

Common Text Applications

Oll·~

•. 1.0< .

2·1

Making Page Format Changes / Exercise

Imagine that you have just finished typing this letter
and are about to type the envelope. Follow these steps
to make the necessary page format change:
Place your cursor at the end of the letter.
Create a second page by pressing PAGE END.
Make a page format change that sets up this format:
•
•
•
•

First Typing Line at 14
Last Typing Line at 20
Paper or Envelope Size = 7
Printing Paper Source to Manual (for sheet-feed
paper handlers)
• Left Margin at 48

Oc t ober 22 , 1982

Mr . J ame s R. R.1ndall , Jr .
Kandall (. S tallings . Inc .
8904 Sleck Avenue
Bos t on .

~,,\

022 99

De.lf J im:

Thanks fo r the le.ld )'OU g.lve me at our re c ent ~,licl> mt.. c( ing .
like ,I firf't-r at c gll\' and is not .lversc t o taking o n ,1llother
time-c onsuming projec t.

.lo hn s eems

\.' i t h the (WC' o f us loIo rking lngctlwf , I think \.c c an tUfn this lit t Ie
ccmpan\' irlln iI grc;ll r('venue-prnduC'ing accoun t . Mos t manuf;u:turcrs ar('
l ooking for wa ys t o incrcase their pr codu c (lvlt y ;lnd [ think vour latina
inventi o n ..,i ! I help.

Sincerely .

Brett Il ,lr ring t p n

Sales Ilircc t o r

Return to the typing area.
The Format Change code ( Ir ) appears in the text
at the left margin. This marks the beginning of the
format change.

Start here

Common Tex t Applications

Making Page Format Changes / Exercise

Return the cursor forward one space. Type the
following address for the Randall Letter:

Mr. James R. Randall, Jr.
Randall & Stallings, Inc.
8904 Steck A venue
Boston, MA 02299
End the document.
Paginate, then print the document.

Go on to the Self- Test to practice making page format
changes on your own.

Common Text Applications

2·1

2-1

Making Page Format Changes / Self-Test

SELF-TEST
In this Self-Test you will make a page format change
to a document. This Self-Test is similar to the
Demonstration, in that the second page of a three-page
document is turned sideways. You will make a page
format change to accommodate the turned page.
First, choose Revise to access the following
document and go to the typing area:
Document name: Safety Report
Diskette name: TRAIN

8%" x 11"

11" x 8%"

8W' x 11"

Page 1
Page 2

Page 3

Common Text Applications

Making Page format Changes/ Self-Test

The first page of the document has been typed to
save you time. Make the necessary format changes and
type the second and third pages, as illustrated.

2·1

FIRST PAGE
Rec o mmendations for Madison S tr eet Cr ossin g

Th i s report contains the basic da l a ga t he r ed and ana l yzed t o make
re commend,niun s regarding the Madison Street c r ossing.

The

rec ommend.ni nn made by this committee s trongly supports the rebuildin g
of

thl'

c rossing as soon as poss1ble.

The purpose 01

this committee was to s t udy possible alterna t ives t o

the traffic problem as i t now exists at the Madison Street crossing . and
m.lke re commendat ions for a street improvement which loIo "Jld serve the
ce ntral part of the city , provide access to the dO lom tolo'll area and t o
major industry , I ink U.S. High way 72 with the east/ west streN sys t em
across the river, and eliminate the serious problem with the Eastern
I(a[] ro.1d tr.1ffic .
The obJective of the recommendation is t o relieve traffic
conges tion that affects the business and industrial portions of the
city , while als o prOViding for !'Oare and more efficient tra v el.

~:xis tillg

Co nditi on!; .

Top~,gr:lphy

and the location of commer c ial

business hilS primaril y determined the dl.1racter and location of the
stre.:ot network in the immt!diate 'Ire3 .
ce rtain areas , several
river.

Because of t he s t eep grad e s i n

industries are located on the pla t eau of the

As a result , access roa ds have tended t o be loca t ed in v alleys,

where lesser slopes are available.

Such l oc ati o ns , however ,

lim i t the

con tinuit y IoIhi ch results in many jogs and offse ts in the street system.

In addition to peak hour capacities , conges t ion is ca u sed by fou r
... )(i", lin& cond iti ons .

Start here

Common Text Applications

2·1

Making Page Format Changes / Self-Test

The settings for the second page are as follows:
• Last Typing Line at 45
• Paper or Envelope Size = 4
• Change Printing Paper Source if you are using a
sheet-feed paper handler.
• Single Spacing
• Adjust Line Endings = No
• Left Margin at 32
• Right Margin at 120
• Clear All Tabs
• Flush Left Tab at 70

Common Text Applications

Making Page Format Changes / Self-Test

SECOND PAGE

Co nd i ti on s Ca u s in g Co nge s ti on

Ca u se

Resul t

Ra il r oa d Cr oss i ng

Hea vy ve hi c u la r traffic
Di s ru p t ion t o t raff i c f l ow

Sharp Tur ns

Gene r al slowdown of traffic
Tnt e rru ption of t r affic flow

St eep Gr ades

No r mal t r affic cannot pass slow - moving traffic

I nt e r sec ti on s No t Li ni ng Up

Mo t o r is t s tr aveling east assume right - of - way
Mo t o r is t s cross over d i viding line

Common Text Applications

2·1

Making Page Format Changes / Self-Test

On the third page you must return to starting
choices.
THIRD PAGE

Reconnnendation
This committee recommends that the intersection be rebuilt.

will be necessary to complete quite a large amount of dirt removal.
North of the intersection would be blocked off and a turn-around area
would be constructed for traffic t o park, turn a round and go back up the
hill.

Common Text Applications

Making Page Format Changes / Se/f-Test

End, paginate, and print your document.
If you are using a sheet-feed paper handler, paper
should be loaded sideways in the bottom tray before
printing the document.
If you are inserting paper manually in the printer,
be sure to turn page 2 sideways.

Go on to the Feedback.

Common Text Applications

2·1

Making Page Format Changes / Feedback

FEEDBACK
If you had any problems with the Self-Test, check the
following :

D Was your cursor in the correct position when you
pressed CHG FMT?
It should have been in the upper left corner of the
screen to make the page format change for page
2.

D Was your cursor in the correct position when you
returned to the document format?
It should have been in the upper left corner of the
screen to return to the document format for the
first paragraph of page 3.
D Did you choose the correct item to return to your
desired starting choices?
When you returned to document format at the
beginning of page 3, you should have chosen the
item to return all formats to starting choices.

Common Text Applications

Making I.ine Format Changes

Prerequisites:
You must have completed
all previous segments in
this unit

In Segment I of this lesson you learned
that you can change the format of a page
so that it is different from the document
format you established.
You can also change the format for a
line or more of text so that it is different
from the document or page format you
have established. As with changing a page
format, you can return to the original
document format after you have finished
with your line format change.
Your goal for this segment is to be able
to make format changes to a line or more
of text and return to your starting choices.

Common Text Applications

2·2

Making L.ine Format Changes / Main Idea

MAIN IDEA
A line format change allows you to change the format
of a line or more of text that needs to be different
from the format established in the document format.
Follow these steps to make line format changes:
1. Place your cursor at the left margin on the line
where you want the change to begin.
2. Press CHG FMT.
3. Choose the item or items in this Format Selection
menu to go to the appropriate formatting item.
Change the settings.
4. Return to the typing area and type the line or lines
that will be in the new format.
When you have completed typing the text with the
changed format, you may want to return to the format
established in the document format.
To return to starting choices:
1. Place your cursor at the left margin on the line
where the original document format will begin
agam.
2. Press CHG FMT.
3. Choose the item to return the desired setting or
settings to starting choices.

If you have enough information about making line
format changes, go on to the Demonstration. If you
would like more detail, read the Help that follows.

Common Text Applications

Making Line Format Changes / Help

2·2

HELP
Line Format Changes

When you want to change the format of a line, a
paragraph, or more of text, you can make a line format
change.
You may change one or more of the following items
to change an entire line of text:
• Margins
•
•
•
•
•
•

Tabs
Line Spacing
Line Alignment
Lines per cm or in.
Adjust Line Endings
Zone Width

You may also change the items for Typestyle and
Pitch. This need not always affect an entire line of
text, but will do so in this case.
To make changes to lines of text the cursor must
be at the beginning of a line, that is, at the left margin.
Illustrated here is an example of a line format change
to margins and line spacing. This change is made at
the left margin in the middle of a page.

Common Text Applications

LI NE FORMAT CHANGE
Change :
• Margins
• line spac ing

2·2

Making Line Format Changes / Help

As long as the cursor is at the left margin you can
make a line format change at the beginning of any
line on a page. Illustrated here is an example of a
line format change to margins, tabs, and line spacing.
This change is made at the left margin at the first
line of the page. This is a line format change because
only line format items are changed here.

LINE FORMAT CHANGE
Change:
• Margins
• Tabs
• Line spacing

[E: _ _

1Il:---

If you also wanted to change Paper/Envelope Size
for the example above, you would not make a line
format change. You must make a page format change,
as you learned in the previous segment.

.@! A LINE FORMAT CHANGE
Change:
• Margins
• Tabs
• Line spacing
• Paper/
envelope size

[E:_

Common Text Applications

Making Line Format Changes / Help

If the cursor is not at the left margin when you
press CHG FMT, you will only be able to change
typestyle and pitch. Illustrated here is an example of
a change to line spacing and typestyle. This change
is made at the left margin at the beginning of a line.

2·2

LINE FORMAT CHANGE
Change:
• line spacing
• Typestyle

~xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

IB: _ _ _ _ __

Next is illustrated a change that is not made at
the left margin. Only typestyle can be changed here.
This is not a line format change. You can learn about
this kind of format change in the next segment.

NOT A LINE FORMAT CHANGE
Change :
• Typestyle

_~XXXXXXIB:_

Common Text Applications

2·2

Making I.ine Format Changes / Help

Follow these steps to make line format changes:
1. Place your cursor at the left margin on the line
where you want the change to begin.
Remember, your cursor must always be at the left
margin to make changes to a line of text. You can
be on the first line of a page or at the beginning
of any line within a page.
2. Press CHG FMT.
The Format Selection menu appears that contains
the items you can change at the beginning of a line.
3. Choose the item or items in this Format Selection
menu to go to the appropriate formatting item.
Change the settings.
You can change:
•
•
•
•
•

Line Spacing
Line Alignment
Lines per cm or in.
Typestyle and Pitch
Margins and Tabs

For more information on Format Selection menu
organization refer to the Reference Book, Menu
Sequences, or Job Aids, Tab 3, Formatting.

FORMAT SELECTION
10

ITEM
Change line Formal
Change Margins and Tabs

Return line Format, Margins and Tabs
to Starting Choice
Return Typestyle to Starting Choice

When finished with this menu, press ENTER.

IType 10 leHer to choose ITEM; press ENTER: I~

Common Text Applications

Making Line Format Changes / Help

4. Return to the typing area and type the line or lines
that are in the new format.
Again, a 1£ marks the beginning of this format
change. The new line format remains in effect until
you change it. It continues on to the next page or
pages.
To return to starting choices:
1. Place your cursor at the left margin on the line
where the original format will begin again.
This allows you to get to the menu for making
changes to a line of text.
2. Press CHG FMT.
The Format Selection menu appears that contains
the items you can change at the beginning of a line.
3. Choose the item to return desired settings to starting
choices.
You can return line format, margins and tabs, or
just typestyle to the document format settings.
A III: marks the end of this format change in the
typing area.

FORMAT SELECTION
10

ITEM

Change Line Formal
Change Margins and Tabs

Return line Format, Margins and Tabs
to Starting Choice
Return Typestyle to Starting Choice

When finished wilh this menu, press ENTER.

IType ID leller 10 choose ITEM; press ENTER: I~

To practice making line format changes, go on to the
Demonstration.

Common Text Applications

2·2

Making Line Format Changes / Demonstration

DEMONSTRATION
In this Demonstration you will make a line format
change to several lines so that a small table can be
single-spaced.

FLOOD H,\ZMW ,\HEAS

The purpose of this r .... poft

Is to furni sh in form.Hion on the flood

h';Z.lrd are,lS adjnining Manchc:> l er and P'lfker Cr .... ek., ill Lincoln County.

Choose Revise to access the following document and
go to the typing area:
Document name: Flood Hazard Areas
Diskette name: TRAIN
Compare what is on your screen with the illustrated
copy. Part of the document has already been typed
to save you time. Imagine that you have just finished
typing the portion of the document that appears on
the screen. Step-by-step directions follow.

The s tudy

.1(".1.

considered encompasses about 170

~qU;I~miICS

of drainage

.If''',1 ,IIlU 1'J . 6 r.dle.o: of stream ch annel .

cnla!

:..Aa ta that ,>"ill ,lid in

Aside from st'(ving as a tool for

the SOl ul ion 0

report can b .... helpful in locat ing
and dc:.igning varinus hridr,r''' '

roads , est.lhllshing

~' rileri;1

f or

fluodpronfing , and in some inslan<.: c s , dt' t crmining \... hcr~· st ru c lur ;l!
pr"t~·t"t iv~'

works should be considered .

The c f ........ k ch.1nn("ls ;Ire

liI),I(\ pl.lin vltri .. s .

~~nerall\'

unimproved.

Vegetation in th e

Pert i!lent Jrainage areas Io'itliin th ... study area ;Ire

sholo'n hclolo':

...

1.oca t i on
Above ~! anchcstcr Cr ... ck
Cen t ral !\usiness ,\r(>,1
,'bove Pa rk e r Creek
Northern Lounty I. ine
Tilt· reJHlrt

St r('am

~!i

les

2.6---

Drninage ,'re.1

l .8
6.2

26 . 4

7.8

10. 2

)) . 9

8. 2

includes Informa l Jnn nn the nJture ilnd e)( t ent of

pr,)babl ... lu[ure floods in I {ncoln County .

The rel,ort docs not con tain

"p('cific plans or r ecommendations for the solution of flood problems , as
these arc properly the r esponsib i lity of the IO C.1\ government .

Ilowever ,

the tnbl.-, provides guid a nce o n v,1rious flood plni n man,lgement
consid~'rati(lTls

which should be considereet in a realistic flood damage

reduct ion program .

Start here

~
~

Common Text Applications

Making I.ine Format Changes / Demonstration

Follow these steps to make the necessary changes and
type the table:
Place your cursor under the Page End code ( ... ).
This is where the table begins.
Press CHG FMT.
A Format Selection menu appears which allows you
to access those format items that can be changed for
lines of text.
Choose Change Line Format.
The Line Format menu appears.
Set Line Spacing to Single.
Set Adjust Line Endings to No.
Press ENTER to return to the Format Selection menu.
Choose Change Margins and Tabs.
Clear all tabs.
Be sure the cursor is at the left margin and press DEL.
Set flush left tabs at 23, 50, and 74.
Use the cursor movement keys to move to positions
23, 50, and 74. Press TAB to set each flush left tab.

Common Text Applications

2·2

Making Line Format Changes / Demonstration

Return to the typing area and type the table.

Location
Above Manchester Cree k
Central Business Area
Above Parker Creek
Northern County Line

Stream Miles
2. 6
3. 8
6.2
7.8

Drainage Ar ea
33 . 9
26.4
8.2
16.2

Common Text Applications

Making Line Format Changes / Demonstration

Now follow the steps below to return to starting
choices:

Press RETURN twice.
This puts your cursor at the left margin on the line
where the document format begins again.
Press CHG FMT.
Select Return Line Format, Margins and Tabs to
Starting Choice.

Common Text Applications

2·2

Making L.ine Format Changes / Demonstration

Type the rest of the document.
You are back to document format. As you continue
typing, notice that the line number on the status line
shows that you are back to double spacing.

The r eport includes information on the nature and ex t ent of
probable future floods in Lincoln Coun t y .

The report does not con t ain

specific plans or recommenda t ions fo r the solu t io n of fl oo d probl ems , as
these are properly the responsibility of the l ocal governmen t.

Howeve r,

the table provides guidance on various flood plain management
considera t ions which should be considered in a realis ti c flood damage
reduction program .

End, paginate, and print your document. Compare it
with the illustrated copy.

An Exercise follows. In this Exercise you have another
opportunity to practice making line format changes.

Common Text Applications

Making Line Format Changes / Exercise

2·2

EXERCISE
In this Exercise you will make a line format change
to a document. You will be adding to page 3 of the
document named Writing Skills which you used in
the previous segment's Demonstration.
First, choose Revise to access the following
document and go to the typing area:
Document name: Writing Skills
Diskette name: TRAIN

Start here

Go to page 3 of the document.
Compare what is on your screen with the illustrated
copy on this page. You have already typed part of
the document in the previous segment. Imagine that
you have just finished typing the page that appears
on the screen. You will type the text that is highlighted.

I-'hen vall have completed the initial copy . you mus t no ... negin thl'
oee,," ,,' revision .

this time , vou should concentrate on details

eh as correct I'petling and grammar .
> .. ded

t il

delete all mistakes .

Revi!;e th;}l copy as many time'" as

Prooiread the final cop'" wIth much ca r e .

"'hile proo f readIng . check for:

Spell ing
f.rammar
Punctual ion
Syntax
Tvpo~ r aphical

~:r r ors

If VOU 101 1('I \,' these steps . Your final product .... ill b ... successful .
'ust remember that [he important thing is being ca r eful and o r ganized
Iolhen

Common Text Applications

~'ou

need t n .

2·2

Making Line Format Changes / Exercise

Follow these steps:
Place your cursor under the Page End code ( ... ).
Type the sentence illustrated and press RETURN
twice.

While proofreading , check for:

Make a line format change to change the line spacing
to single spacing and delete all tabs and set a flush
left tab at 48.
Type the indented material at tab position 48 and press
RETURN three times.

Spelling
Grammar
Punctuation
Syntax
Typographical Error s

Common Text Applications

Making Line Format Changes / Exercise

Return line format, margins, and tabs to starting
choices, and type the rest of the document.

If yo u f o llow th ese s t e ps , yo ur f inal pr odu c t wi l l be s uccessf ul .
J u s t r emember tha t t he imp o r tan t t hing is b e ing ca r e ful a nd o r ga nized
wh e n you nee d t o .

End, paginate, and print the document.
You may want to set Print From Page to 3 so that
only page 3 prints. If you print all of the document,
remember to load the paper sideways for page 2.
Compare page 3 of your document with the illustration.
If your document looks different from the illustrated
page, check the following:

o
o

Did you tab to position 48?
Did you carrier return three times after the indented
text?
Did you start your return to starting choice at the
left margin?
Did you turn the second page sideways to print?

Go on to the Self-Test to practice making line format
changes on your own.

Common Text Applications

2·2

Making I.ine Format Changes / Self-Test

SELF-TEST
In this Self-Test you will make a line format change
to a document. You will be adding to page 3 of the
document named Safety Report, which you used in
the previous segment's Self-Test.
First, choose Revise to access the following
document and go to the typing area:
Document name: Safety Report
Diskette name: TRAIN
You prepared the first two pages of the document
in the previous segment. You will make the necessary
format changes and type the rest of the third page,
which is illustrated.
On the third page you must change the line spacing
to single spacing for the indented text. Type the
indented text at 38 and then return to the document
format.
End, paginate, and print your document, and
compare it with the illustrated copy. You may only
want to print page 3 of your document. If you print
all of the document, remember to load the paper
sideways for page 2.

Go on to the Feedback.

Common Text Applications

Making 1,ine Format Changes / Self-Test

2·2

Re co mmend a ti o n
Thi s co mmitt ee r eco mme n ds th a t th e int e r sec ti o n b e reb uilt.

will b e n ec e ssa r y t o co mpl e t e quit e a l a r ge a moun t of di rt r e moval .
Nor t h o f the inter sec ti o n wo u l d b e bl oc k e d off a n d a turn - a r o und a r ea
wo u l d b e con s tru c t e d fo r tr affic t o pa rk, tur n a r ound a nd g o b ac k up th e

hill.

Start here --II -- --

_+_ ...

Finan c ing re co mmend a ti o n s a r e as f ollows :
Cos t Es tima t e i s $1. 1 mill io n
Federal and State mone y i s a vailable
Railr oa d wi ll coo pera t e t o pr ovide mo n ey

Ju s t ifi c ation
During th e pas t s i x mo nth s t he r e ha ve bee n 25 ac c ident s r ec orded at
th e int e r s e c tio n.

Common Text Applications

2·2

Making L.ine Format Changes / Feedback

FEEDBACK
If you had any problems with the Self-Test, check the
following:

D Was your cursor in the correct position when you
pressed CHG FMT?
It should have been at the left margin on the line
where the single-spaced words begin to make the
line format change on page 3.
D Was your cursor in the correct position when you
returned to the document format?
It should have been at the left margin on the line
where the double-spaced text begins again to return
to the document format after the line format change.
D Did you choose the correct item to return to your
desired starting choices?
When you returned to document format, you should
have chosen the item to return line format, margins,
and tabs to starting choices.
D Did you load the paper sideways for page 2?

Common Text Applications

Making Tvpestvle Format Changes

Prerequisites:
You must have completed
all previous segments in
this unit

This is an optional segment. Making
typestyle changes may not be one of your
requirements. If it is not, then skip this
segment.
Your Displaywriter allows you to change
the typestyle in a document as you create
or revise it. You can change the typestyle
of a single letter, a phrase within a sentence,
an entire sentence, or an entire paragraph.
You can then return to your original
typestyle. You can change typestyles as
often as you wish in a document.
Your goal for this segment is to be able
to make typestyle changes within your
document, then return to the original
typestyle.

Common Text Applications

2·3

Making Typestyle Format Changes / Main Idea

MAIN IDEA
A typestyle change allows you to change the typestyle
of part of your text from the one established in the
document format. You may change typestyle at any
point in your document.
Typestyle Format Changes
Follow these steps to make typestyle format changes
and return to starting choices:
1. Place your cursor at the first position where the
new typestyle is to begin.
2. Press CHG FMT.
3. Change to the typestyle you want.
4. Return to the typing area and type the word or
words that will be in a different typestyle.
To return to starting typestyle:
1. Place your cursor at the position where the original
typestyle is to begin again.
2. Press CHG FMT.
3. Choose Return Typestyle to Starting Choice.

If you have enough information about making typestyle
changes, go on to the Demonstration. If you would like
more detail, read the Help that follows.

Common Text Applications

Making Typestyle Format Changes / Help

2·3

HELP
Typestyle Format Changes
Follow these steps to make typestyle changes and
return to starting choices:
1. Place your cursor at the first space where the new
typestyle is to begin.
2. Press CHG FMT.
The Format Selection menu for typestyle changes
appears. This is the only change you can make
within a line.
3. Change to the typestyle you want.
Choose the item to change typestyle.

FORMAT SELECTION
ID ITEM

YOUR
CHOICE

POSSIBLE
CHOICES

Typestyle Number

1 ·31 110 Pitchl
80 ·111 12 Pitch
154·175 Proportional)
215·230 15 Pitch)
Choose from available choices
without changing pitch.

Return Typestyle to
Starting Choice

When finished with Ihis menu , press ENTER.

IType 10 letter to choose ITEM; press ENTER: I~

Common Text Applications

2·3

Making Typestyle Format Changes / Help

Check the printwheel or printer element you plan
to use for the correct typestyle number. On a
printwheel, this is the number at the top. For printer
elements, refer to Appendix A, IBM 5215 Printer
Element Descriptions, in the Printer Guide for
typestyle ID numbers. Type the typestyle ID
number.
4. Return to the typing area and type the word or
words that will be in a different typestyle.
The new typestyle is in effect until you change it.
It may continue for several lines or pages until you
want to change to another typestyle.
To return to starting typestyle:
1. Place your cursor at the position where the original
typestyle begins again.
2. Press CnG FMT.
3. Choose Return Typestyle to Starting Choice.

APPENDIX A.
ELEMENT
Typestyle
Name
( Pica 72
Pica 72
Pica 72
Prestige Elite 72
Prestige Elite 72
Prestige Elite 72
Prestige Elite 72

IBM 5215 PRINTER
DESCRIPTIONS
Typestyle
Pitch Part No. ID No.
10
142
020 )
10
027
020
10
017
020
12
143
086
12
033
086
12
012
086
12
049
086

To practice making typestyle changes, go on to the
Demonstration.

Common Text Applications

Making Typestyle Format Changes / Demonstration

DEMONSTRATION
In this Demonstration you will practice changing the
typestyle of a word or more of text.
Look at the document illustrated. Notice that in the
three highlighted areas, the typestyle is different from
that of the rest of the document. You will create this
document, changing from the default typestyle to a
different typestyle for the highlighted areas.

~ reen Va ll ey Ho meowners ' Assoc i ationrEf~ ill hold i t s nex t meeting on
The ;G
Thursday, November 17, at 7:00 p.m.

All interes t ed homeowners are

encouraged to attend .

The schedule of event s fo r t he
[E

~e cembe r

is as follows:

De cembe r 2

Meet i ng

December 4

Thea ter Pa rty

December 9

Meeting

Decembe r 11

Chri stmas Party

De cember 16

Meeting

De cembe r 31

New Yea r 's Pa r ty

U[ Rememb e r, th e re wi l l

Common Text Applications

m~n tn

b 2f no ~ee t ing

on Decemb e r 23 or December 30 .

2·3

Making Typestyle Format Changes / Demonstration

Create the following document:
Document name: Christmas Letter
Diskette name: TRAIN
Note that your document is to be double-spaced.
Go to the typing area.
Type The and space once.

The Green Valley Homeowners ' Association will ho ld its next Meetin g on
Thursday, November 17, a t 7 :00 p.m.

All interested homeowners are

encouraged to attend.

The sc hedule of events for the month of De cember is as follows:

Common Text Applications

Making Typestyle Format Changes / Demonstration

Press CHG FMT.
The Format Selection menu for typestyle changes
appears.
Since you pressed the CHG FMT key while the cursor
was within a line, the only item you can change is
the typestyle.
Choose the item for Typestyle Number.
Type your new typestyle number and press ENTER.
If you have a 5215 Selectric Element printer, and you
don't know the correct number to type, refer to
Appendix A of the Printer Guide . It will tell you how
to find the correct number to type. You can use any
typestyle available to you.
Press ENTER again to go to the typing area.
Type Green Valley Homeowners' Association
You will not see the new typestyle on the screen. You
will only see it when you print the document.
Space once.
Press CHG FMT.
Choose the item for Return Typestyle to Starting
Choice.
Continue typing the document (through the word
follows:).

Common Text Applications

2·3

Making Tvpestvle Format Changes / Demonstration

Press RETURN.
This moves the cursor to the left margin. You are
ready to type the first date (December 2).
Press CHG FMT.
A Format Selection menu appears.
If you press CHG FMT when the cursor is at the
beginning of a line, the Format Selection menu offers
you more items that can be changed. Recall that when
you pressed CHG FMT the first time, the cursor was
within a line, and the only item you could change
was the typestyle. If the cursor was located at the top
left of the typing area and you pressed CHG FMT,
the Format Selection menu you would see would
contain even more items that can be changed.

Choose the item for Change Line Format.
The Line Format menu appears.
Choose the item for Typestyle Number.
Type your other typestyle number and press ENTER.

Common Text Applications

Making Tvpestv'e Format Changes / Demonstration

Use the same alternate typestyle number throughout
this Demonstration. You could, if you wished, create
a document containing many different typestyles, the
number being limited only by the type and number
of printer elements or printwheels you have.
Press ENTER enough times to return to the typing
area.
Type the list of dates and events, as illustrated.

Common Text Applications

December 2

Meeting

December 4

Theater Party

December 9

Meeting

December 11

Christmas Party

December 16

Meeting

December 31

New Year's Party

2·3

Making Typestyle Format Changes / Demonstration

After you have typed the last word (Party ) opposite
the last date (December 31), press RETURN.
Press CHG FMT.
The Format Selection menu appears.
Choose the item for Return Typestyle to Starting
Choice.
Continue typing the document.

Rememb e r, t he r e will be

mee tin g on Decembe r 23 or Decemb e r 30 .

Common Text Applications

Making Tvpestv'e Format Changes / Demonstration

Type until you have typed the word be
Space once.
Press CHG FMT.
The Format Selection menu appears.
Choose the item for Typestyle Number.
Type your other typestyle number and press ENTER.
Press ENTER.
Type the word no and underline it.
Space once.
Press CHG FMT.
The Format Selection menu appears.
Choose the item for Return Typestyle to Starting
Choice.
Type the rest of the document.
Press END.
Paginate your document.

Common Text Applications

2·3

Making Typestyle Format Changes / Demonstration

Print a copy of your document.
The Displaywriter gives you a message to change the
printer element or printwheel as the document is
printing.
Compare the printed copy with the illustration at the
beginning of this Demonstration.
The two documents may not be identical because you
may not have used the same alternate typestyle as
illustrated in the example.

Go on to the Self- Test.

Common Tex t Applications

Making Typestyle Format Changes / Se/f- Test

SELF-TEST
The following Self-Test will help you determine if you
have mastered this segment on changing typestyles.
Create the document you see illustrated.
Document name: Vacation Notice
Diskette name: TRAIN
Type the document, changing typestyles as shown
in the highlighted areas, just as you did in the
Demonstration. Print one copy of your finished
document.

The fOllowing( announcementJ must be communi ca t ed t o all empl oyees :
Thank you f or your many contributi ons during thl"S"C"rUc ia ;
l -p-e r- :i-od-",
in the schedu l e . Please enjoy an extra one - half day of va cati on thi s
Fr i day .

NOTE :

J . Michael
Per sonnel Manager

Go on to the Feedback.

Common Text Applications

2-3

2·3

Making Typestyle Format Changes / Feedback

FEEDBACK

Compare your finished document with the illustration
on the previous page. Remember that they may not
be identical because you may not have used the same
typestyle as in the illustration.
Did you:

o
o

Change the typestyle of only the correct words?
Return to your original typestyle as directed?

Common Text Applications

Revising Format Changes

Prerequisites:
You must have completed
all previous segments in
this unit

You know that a great deal of revision can
occur between the rough draft of a
document and the final version. How can
your Displaywriter's capabilities make
revising formats in a document easier?
In Lesson 1 of this unit you learned that
you can revise document formats by
changing settings in the Format Selection
menus before going to the typing area. In
previous segments of this lesson you
learned how to make a number of format
changes within a document after going to
the typing area.
In this segment you'll learn how to revise
the formats you set up within the
document. You'll revise a format within
a document by altering the format changes.
The Format Change codes ( [E ) and
Format Return codes ( m: ) will act as
guides. In Lesson 5 of this unit you will
learn how to reformat at the document level
and within the document.
Your goal for this segment is to be able
to make the necessary format changes to
revise a document.

Common Tex t Applications

2·4

Revising Format Changes / Main Idea

MAIN IDEA
To revise an existing format change:
1. Place your cursor under the Format Change code
( IE ) and press ENTER.
2. Change settings in the menus to alter the change.
3. Paginate.

If you have enough information about revising formats,
go on to the Demonstration. If you would like more
detail, read the Help that follows.

Common Text Applications

Revising Format Changes / Help

HELP
To revise an existing format change:
1. Place your cursor under the Format Change code
( IE ) and press ENTER.
You can set Display Codes to Yes and cursor to
the Format Change code, or use the Find function
to locate the code. When the cursor is under the
Format Change code, you can identify the type of
change (page format change, line format change,
line format return, typestyle return, and so on) by
viewing the status line on your screen . When you
press ENTER, the menu that corresponds with the
type of format change appears on the screen.
Unlike the Format Change ( IE ), you cannot revise
a Format Return ( rn: ).
2. Change settings in the menus to alter the change.
Change the setting in the menu exactly as you did
when you first created the format change.
3. Paginate.
Once you have paginated, your document will
include the format change revision.

Common Text Applications

2·4

Revising format Changes / Help

Note: Sometimes a format change that was made for
the entire page will be shown as a line format change,
rather than a page format change. This happens when
you place your cursor at the very beginning of the
page to make a page format change, but only make
changes in the Line Format menu or the Margins and
Tabs menu, or both. This can be a problem if you
want to alter this change later, and change settings
in other menus. When you place your cursor on the
!L and press ENTER, you get the Format Selection
menu that only enables you to make changes to line
format or margins and tabs. If this happens, delete
the existing change and add a new format change.
Remember, you delete Format Change codes as you
would any other codes.

To practice revising format changes, go on to the
Demonstration. If you have enough information about
revising format changes and you don't want to view
the Demonstration, go on to the Self- Test.

Common Text Applications

Revising Format Changes / Demonstration

2·4

DEMONSTRATION
In this Demonstration you will revise format changes.
You will change line spacing on a double-spaced table
to single spacing and change the first typing line to
20. You will also move the right and left margins in
five spaces for a quote located on page 3 of the
document.
Choose Revise to access the following document and
go to the typing area:
Document name: Financial Statements
D iskette name: TRAIN
Find the first Format Change code.
Press FIND. When the prompt "Find what?" appears,
press the CHG FMT key and ENTER. The cursor
should go to the ,F ormat Change code at the top of
page 2. Notice the status line. It should read Page
Format Change .
Press ENTER.
The format selection menu for changing page formats
appears.

Common Text Applications

FIRST PAGE

-SECONO PAGE

---

Change:
• Li ne spac ing
• Fi rst typing line

Change:
• Margins

THIRD
PAGE

2·4

Revising Format Changes / Demonstration

Choose the item to Change Line Format.
The Line Format menu appears.
Change Line Spacing from double to siilgle.
Press ENTER.
You return to the Format Selection menu.
Choose the item to Change Page Format.
The Page Format menu appears.
Change the item for First Typing Line, First Page
from 7 to 20.
Press ENTER.
You return to the Format Selection menu.

Common Text Applica tions

Revising Format Changes / Demonstration

Press ENTER.
You return to the table. Your cursor is still under
the Format Change code. You have now finished
revising the format of this table.
Find the next Format Change code.
Press FIND and ENTER.
Your cursor moves to the Page Format Return code.
You do not change anything at this code.
Find the next Format Change code.
Press FIND and ENTER.
The cursor should be under the Format Change code
at the beginning of the quotation on page 3.
Press ENTER.
The Format Selection menu for Line Format Changes
appears.

Common Text Applications

2·4

Revising Format Changes / Demonstration

Choose the item to Change Margins and Tabs.
The Margins and Tabs menu appears.
Set your new margins.
Change your left margin from 18 to 23 by pressing
the space bar until the cursor is on 23 . Use the cursor
movement keys to move the cursor to the right margin .
Use the BKSP key to move the right margin from
90 to 85 .
Press ENTER.
You return to the Format Selection menu.
Press ENTER.
You return to the typing area of your document.

Common Text Applications

Revising Format Changes / Demonstration

2·4

End your document.
Paginate and print the document.
Compare your document with the one illustrated.

FIRST PAGE

,,1"'11

i!llll. (.1

,11,'1'10"1',\

III

t·(\,I",'1I1

'-"I'n r.I'I.·

,j'

,1:olp.lrt"','I1 .... 111<1 1".111, .. th.11

1""'11 :",

Ih.,

Common Text Applications

lJ:!11: i l ,lnt

h.1I1 ~ l''''

.1"

Ir'(1 p.1 ",

Ir'-1 I·

,m!

t I dr ... "11 I h,· ... 1 .It ... mo'nl .. ,,11"u \ 11 til'

t.., .111,'11"1" '.I i \1

,Jr.,

.. t.1(0· "I the

follow,,;

lulv I'

Fehn!.1fV

:-lar ch l
"prj 1
~1 (l~Tll

Mav

S Ant'A!

June
J:Jnu.lrv

511 . 7(ln
q , IHl(1

Fehruarv
'\;'lfch

1 ! , "nn
H, oon

April
'1 ;l\'

11 ,(Jon

lune

!.on ,non

Jill\'

10 , OO()
1'l , 411P

1\\I~\1<; t

Sep temher

12 ,4 00
7 , nOn

(ktobe r

Srwemher

l'1 , nOO

Decemher

10 , 000

TOTAl.S

l{H""nO

Compare your result with the sample in the Feedback
section.

Common Tex t Applications

rn:

;>:(Wemhef .:7
necemh~'r

2·4

Revising Format Changes / Feedback

FEEDBACK

Compare your printed document with the one shown.
If your document does not look like this one:

o
o

Did you paginate the document before printing it?
Did you remember to change the formats by placing
your cursor on the appropriate code, pressing
ENTER, and changing the items III menus as
necessary?

FIRST PAGE

TOY DEPARTMENT

Fo II 0 .... 1ng i s the Toy Depa rtment I 5 rep ort f or th is yea r.
s peak for themselves.

We have had a good year .

The f tgures

The key r easo n s for our

success aTe listed before the table , \oIhll e our genera l plans fo r next
year folio .... the table.

Some of the factors whi ch have contributed to this successf ul reco rd
are:

The s pecial sa les we held o ver Ju ly 4th, ta bo r Day .

Thanskgtv ing and Chri s tmas .

The exten sion of ou r s t o re closing h o ur

t o 11:00 p.m. for the Christmas season .

])

The availability of

reliable part-time help during special sales .

Common Tex t Applications

Revising Format Changes / Feedback

2·4

THIRD PAGE
Next year the r e are plan s t o have s pe c ial sales ea ch month.
rellahle pa rt-time help is available.

The

'..'Ith Inflation conti nuing.

parents are eager to take advan tage o f special sales at

time of the

year .
!'lease note th e sales dates as follow!;:

January]
februa r y 4
Mar ch)

Apr! I 11
May 14
lun{' 10

SECOND PAGE

MONTII

J anuar y
Februa r y
Mar ch
Apri I

S ACTLJAl

Oe'Cl! ml'>f>f

S I1, 700
9 , 000
1) . 900
8 , 000
)1 , 000
40 ,000
10 , 000
8 , 400
\2 , 400
7 , 000
25 , 000
)0 , 000

TOTAI.S

206 , 400

H, y

J une
July
August

Se ptemb er
Oc t obe r
November

Common Text Applications

July \7
August 5
September 'j
October 21
November 27
December 10

Using the Conversion Ruler

Prerequisites:
You must have completed
Lesson 1 of this unit

JILL

tvE.ED my
CCtVVE.R'SION
I?ULE:.R Tb
CREATE TJ.IESE..
F=oRrYlATS

When you're typing documents on a
typewriter, you can look up and see exactly
where text will be placed. Before you start
typing, you can spot a margin that will
be too wide or a name that will be a line
too low on a preprinted form.
Your Displaywriter is different. The
screen does not always show the document
exactly as it will print. Therefore, you must
know the exact settings to place text
accurately on the page. The conversion
ruler that came with your Displaywriter
can help you.
If you have used a conversion ruler
before, you may just have to skim this
segment. If you have never used a
conversion ruler, you may want to read
this segment when you have time for
uninterrupted study.
Your goal for this segment is to be able
to use the con version ruler to determine
format and exact placement of text. You
should have your conversion ruler on hand
for this segment.

Common Text Applications

2·5

Using the Conversion Ruler / Main Idea

MAIN IDEA
There are eight scales on the conversion ruler.
Vertical Scales
•
•
•
•

Proportional/V ertical Spacing (6)
Vertical Spacing (8)
Vertical Spacing (24)
Centimeter/Millimeter Scale

Horizontal Scales
•
•
•
•

Elite (12)
Pica (10)
Character Spacing (15)
Character Spacing (13 .3)

Using the Conversion Ruler
Follow these steps to use the conversion ruler:
1. Choose a scale.
2. Line up the conversion ruler.
3. Read the measurement.

If you have enough information about using the
conversion ruler, go on to the Demonstration. If you
would like more detail, read the Help that follows.

Common Text Applications

Using the Conversion Ruler / Help

2·5

HELP
There are eight scales on the conversion ruler.
Vertical Scales

Proportional/Vertical Spacing (6)
Function. The (6) indicates six lines of print per inch
(2.36/cm). This is the default for lines per inch!cm
on your Displaywriter. All documents will print at
six lines per inch, unless you change the setting.

31
12

264

216

288

300

33
13

312

324

~~~~~~ ~ ~$g~~~~~~~~~~;@

252

Common Text Applications

28
11

Vertical
336 Spacing
( 24 )

2·5

Using the Conversion Ruler / Help

Applications. Use this scale to determine the first and
last typing line and the placement of headers and
footers when you' re creating a document.

-- ,
= =-::

,..i::

i:: _"

III

11 .

First typing - + - -- r - _ . , . .
line 17

..•

,...
1::~
.."

" 1

.. <

H 6

1 ~8

16 1 16.

166 168

180

11 1 1/. 116 " 8

181 l EI<

Spacing
11331

Common Text Applications

Using the Conversion Ruler / Help

2·5

Using the Conversion Ruler

To use the conversion ruler:
1. Choose a scale.
Select the appropriate horizontal or vertical scale
on the conversion ruler.
2. Line up the conversion ruler.
Always measure from the edge of the paper.
Place the top line at the edge of the paper when
you measure vertically.

line up
conversion
ruler with
paper edge
0

910
11
1213

6- ~

N '"

line up conversion ruler
with paper edge

Common Text Applications

1
2
34

Place the first line at the edge of the paper when
you measure horizontally.

2·5

Using the Conversion Ruler / Help

3. Read the measurement.
Vertical Scales :
The larger numbers on the centimeter/millimeter
scale indicate centimeters. The smaller numbers
indicate millimeters.

On the vertical spacing scales, each line
measurement is divided in half.

I Centimeters

I Millimeters

'12

~ -4

1
2
34
5

", -

t
0

'"'"

W
en

en
0

...,
IV

6 -- ~

7
8
910
11
1213
14
15 16
17
18 19
20
21 -

'"
W
l>

:1
..r--

...,
W

Common Text Applications

Using the Conversion Ruler / Help

Horizontal Scales :
The pica and elite scales are marked off to show
character spaces. The larger numbers line up with
the inch scale and show the number of characters
per inch.

2·5

12-pitch

o
o

The scale for character spacing of 15 per inch has
numbers at every inch. You'll have to count the
spaces in between.

o
o

To learn more about using the conversion ruler, go on
to the example.

Common Text Applications

2·5

Using the Conversion Ruler / Example

EXAMPLE
An operator used the conversion ruler to measure the
memo form on the next page. The operator determined
the settings that are noted on the memo form.
Proportional/Vertical Spacing (6) was used to
determine the vertical placement of text. The operator
used this scale to decide which lines to type on. The
operator wanted the words to line up with the printed
words at the top of the memo. (First typing line =
9.) The operator wanted the text to begin two lines
below the printed line. (Start typing text on line 15.)
Elite (12) was used to determine the horizontal
placement of text. The operator used this scale to
determine the margins and tabs.

Common Text Applications

Using the Conversion Ruler / Example

PAPER EDbE
L
L
L
LLL

EEE
EE
E
EEE

2·5

TTTTT
T
T
T

EEE
EE
E
EEE

RRRR
R R
RRR
R R

H
H
H
H
HHHHH
H
H

EEE
EE

DDD

D D
D D

A A

EEE

DDD

TAB SETTI NbS AT 10, 12, 15
TO:

FROM:
SUBJECT:
DATE:

FIRST L./~E q

L.EFT MARbl~

~TART TYPUJ6
T'E)cr" ON IS

Common Tex t Applications

R\6HT MARbrN 79

2·5

Using the Conversion Ruler / Example

The second example is optional. If you do not use
your Displaywriter to fill out preprinted forms, you
should skip this Example and go on to the Self-Test.
In the second example an operator used the
conversion ruler to determine the settings that are
noted on the form on the next page.
Vertical Spacing (8) was used to determine vertical
placement of text. The operator used this scale for
more accurate measurement.
Elite (12) was used to determine horizontal
placement of text in blanks and boxes. This scale was
used because the operator was filling out the form with
Elite, 12-pitch type. The scale for Pica (10) would have
been used if the operator planned to fill out the form
with a typestyle of that pitch.
Note: Notice that some of the vertical settings are
given in measurements of one half. To place text exactly
on forms, it is often necessary to space up or down
one-half line. Your Displaywriter has two special keys
you can use to do this. You can learn how to use
these keys in Special Text Applications, Lesson 5,
Segment 1.

To use the conversion ruler on your own, go on to the
Self-Test.

Common Text Applica tions

Using the Conversion Ruler / Example

2·5

~PERt

~ ~E:

Supply Department
4562 Pine Street
San Diego, CA 92116
ORDER BOOKLETS & CERTIF ICATES FROM YOUR SERVICE OFFICE
NS means Not Stocked. Please check through your Service Office

> FOLD
~

FOlO<

Complete boxes below
Policy N o

Requestor 's Name

16 7

Telephone N o .

Today's Dale

! 2 : iDale Needed al Dest,nal,on

5"3

C, ly and Slale 01 your Un,on mulua l Semee Oll,ee

I~
Speci al Instructions

1-0
~ Please be sure to gIve uS the form nu mber usually loca ted

the lower left corner for all Items and the title -

If you don 't see

a number please send a sample ,

'l5

Form _

600-80

z,qYl. 2
3tY2. 3
~'f

T itle or Descrlpllon

Union mutual Client Forms Requisition

Jl.3

Common Text Applications

Order

Wanted

Unll

SUPPL v USE ONL V
Status·

Quantity
.Issued

73
FOlO<

.3%~ 6

*'Y2.

Quantity

2·5

Using the Conversion Ruler / Se/f-Test

SELF-TEST 1
In this Self-Test you will measure a document with
your conversion ruler to determine the correct settings.
Please write your answers on a separate sheet of
paper.
Measure to determine what the horizontal and
vertical settings should be in Elite (12) and Vertical
Spacing (6) for the following:
• A left margin that lines up under the print at the
top
• A right margin of 1~ inches
• A name two spaces after TO:
• A name two spaces after FROM:
• A word two spaces after SUBJECT:
• A date two lines above the word TO

Common Text Applications

Using the Conversion Ru'er / Se/f-Test

xx xx xxxx xx xx xxxxx
x x x xx
xxx x x
x x xxx x x x xxxxx

TO:
FROM:
SUBJECT :

For some feedback on how you did, go on to the next
page.

Common Text Applications

2·5

Common Text Applications

Using the Conversion Ruler / Feedback

FEEDBACK 1
Your settings should be as follows :
Horizontal (measured with the scale for Eli te (12) :

o
o
o
o
o

Left margin at 11.
Right margin at 66.
The name after TO: should begin at space 16.
The name after FROM: should begin at space 18.
The word after SUBJECT: should begin at space
21.

Vertical (measured with the scale for Proportional!
Vertical (6)):

o
o

The
The
The
The

date should be on line 9.
name after TO: should be on line 11 .
name after FROM: should be on line 13 .
word after SUBJECT: should be on line 15.

Go on to the next page if you use the Displaywriter
for preprinted forms. If you don't use the Displaywriler
for preprinted forms, and you had trouble with this SelfTest, review the segment and try the Self-Test again.

Common Text Applications

2·5

Using the Conversion Ruler / Self-Test

SELF-TEST 2
Take this Self-Test only if you use the Displaywriter
for preprinted forms. In this Self-Test you will measure
a form with your conversion ruler to determine the
correct settings.
Please write your answers on a separate sheet of
paper or erase them when you have finished this SelfTest and checked your answers.
Measure the form on the opposite page to determine
what the settings should be for Elite (12) and Vertical
Spacing (6).

For some feedback on how you did, go on to the next
page.

Common Text Appiicatiom;

NEW EMPLOYEE DATA SHEET

NAME

--L~A~S~T~--------------~F~I=R=S=T--------------------7M~I=D=D~L=E-----------

ADDRESS

~S=T=R=E=ET~------------------=
C=I=TY
~/S~T~A~T~E~--------~Z~I~P~C=O=D=E--------

SOCIAL SECURITY

HOME PHONE

------------------------------

DATE OF BIRTH

--------------------MARITAL

STATUS
NUMBER OF CHILDREN ------------

NAME OF SPOUSE
IN CASE OF EMERGENCY NOTIFY:
RELATIONSHIP

--------------------------

PHONE II

*************************************************************************
(for Personnel use only)

EMPLOYMENT DATE
JOB TITLE

-----------------------

-----------------------------

Common Text Applications

STARTING SALARY
DIVISION

-----------------

------------------------

2·5

Using the Conversion Ruler / Feedback

FEEDBACK 2
The settings for the form could be as noted on the
opposite page. Your measurements could vary slightly.

If you had trouble, review the segment and try the SelfTests again.

Common Text Applications

NEW EMPLOYEE DATA SHEET

LINE...

~VMBE.RS

C[ NAME

34-

--------------------~~~--------------------~==-=-----------

LAST

12 ADDRESS

FIRST

Ilf

MIDDLE

4-1

------------------------~~~~~~--------~=-~-=--------

STREET

HOME PHONE

DATE OF BIRTH

CITY/STATE

17
----------------------------

2-2. NAME

SOCIAL SECURITY

2-0
MARITAL
------------------

OF SPOUSE

2-1
-----------------------

ZIP CODE

STATUS

---------------

56
----------------------

NUMBER OF CHILDREN

------------

~ IN CASE OF EMERGENCY NOTIFY: ~~

-----------------------------------------

'J.2

RELATIONSHIP

2.0
------------------------

PHONE /I

SJl.
-----------------------

*************************************************************************
(for Personnel use only)

EMPLOYMENT DATE

36 JOB TITLE

2-2----------------------

16
---------------------------

Common Text Applications

STARTING SALARY
DIVISION

5'5'

b2----------------

---~-----------------

Text I.avout

Common Text Applications

In Lessons 1 and 2 of this unit you learned
how to make major formatting changes to
your documents. In this lesson you will
learn techniques that will give your
documents a more polished look.
In Segment 1 you will learn how to keep
important text together when you
automatically paginate. Segment 2 explains
ways to evenly align, or justify, your right
margin. Segment 3 teaches you how to use
the LINE ADJ key to hyphenate words
at the right margin. Segment 4 tells you
how to create indented formats. In
Segments 5 and 6 you will learn how to
create and revise simple tables. Segment
7 teaches you how to move around within
a document using the screen movement
keys. Segment 8 shows you how to prepare
a document to print with a proportional
spacing prin tw heel.
You might want to postpone training on
Segment 7 until later, since you have
already learned other ways to move around
in your documents. Segment 7 provides you
with some new techniques.

Text Layout

The training documents for this lesson are on the
Master diskette (MASTER). If you have not already
done so, duplicate this Master diskette onto the work
diskette TRAIN. Instructions for duplicating the
Master diskette can be found in the Job Aids, Tab 7,
Diskette Tasks.

Common Text Applications

Keeping Text Together

HOlD

CAN

I mAK E StJRE
TH/?~BLE STAYS
T06ETHER O~
O~E

pA6E?

n
Common Text Applications

In a document with two or more pages,
there may be sections of text that should
be kept together on one page for easy
reading. For example, you would not split
a table or separate the first lines of text
from a section heading.
To ensure that text is not split by
pagination, you can use Begin Keep and
End Keep codes.

Your goal for this segment is to be able
to use Begin Keep and End Keep codes
to mark a section of text that should be
kept together on one page. You will also
learn to delete Begin Keep and End Keep
codes as necessary.

3·1

Keeping Text Together / Main Idea

MAIN IDEA
To keep text together on a page, type Begin Keep and
End Keep codes as follows:
1. Place the cursor on the first character or code of
the text to be kept together.
2. Press INSTR.
3. Choose Begin Keep.
4. Place the cursor one space past the last character
or code of the text to be kept together.
5. Press INSTR.
6. Choose End Keep.
Delete Begin Keep and End Keep codes as you
would delete any codes.

If you wish to learn more about using Begin Keep and
End Keep codes, go on to the Help that follows. If you
have enough information, go on to the Demonstration.

Common Text Applications

Keeping Text Together / Help

3-1

HELP
Use Keep codes to mark text that should not be split
by a page break.
Adding Begin Keep and End Keep Codes
1. Place the cursor on the first character or code of
the text to be kept together.
Remember to include any formattilJ.g codes, such
as tabs, that are part of the text.

Cll~IPi\ I{,\T I \'F. RAI.ANCE SHEF.T
Ilccemhcr 3 1, I ';I8~ and December 3 I, 1981

198 2

1981

1982

1981

Current Asse t s

28 , 000
0
136 , 000
8 , 000
380 , 000
11 , 600

5178 ,000
160 , 000
128 , 000
3 , 000
368 , 000
12 , 000

2 . 64
0 . 00
12 . 83
0.76
35 . 86
l. 09

18.4 3
16. 56
13 . 25
0 . 31
38 .10
I. 24

563 , 600

849 , 000

53.18

87 . 89

396 , 200
100 , 000

77 , 000
40 , 000

37 . 38
9.44

7 . 97
4 .1 4

$1 , 0'>9 , 800

5900 , 000

Cas h
5
Marketable Sec uriti es
Acco unt s Receivable (net)
No t es Receivable
Inven t o ri es
Pr ep,,;d F:xpenses
To t a l Cur r en t Assets
Pro per t y , Pl a n t , and
Equipme nt (n e t)
I ntang ibles
TOTAl. ASSF.TS

Place cursor
under first
code to
be kept
together

Common Text Applications

-.\
Curren t Liab iliti es :
Accounts Payable
No t es Payable

100.00 100 .00

LIABII. ITIES AND OWNER ' S EQUITY

100 , 000

$ 120 , 000
20 , 000

9.51
0 . 00

12 . 42
2 . 07

3·1

Keeping Text Together / Help

2. Press INSTR to display the Instructions menu.

3. Choose Begin Keep.
This identifies the beginning of the text to be kept
together.
The typing area returns to the screen.
4. Place the cursor one space past the last character
of text to be kept together.
Remember to include any punctuation or formatting
codes, such as Carrier Return codes, that are part
of the text.

a
b

I
g

I
m
n

INSTRUCTIONS
ITEM
Begin Keep
End Keep
Include
Math
Add . Sublract. Multiply. Divide
File Report Instruclions
Multi-column File lisling
Summary Math
Total. Average . Highest. lowest. Counl
Conditional Text: Field or Variable Empty
Condilional Text: Field or Variable Nol E"mply
End 01 Condilional Texi
Skip to line
Begin Spelling Check
End Spelling Check
language For Spelling Check
Footnote

: Type 10 letter to choose ITEM; press ENTER: : ~

5. Press INSTR to display the Instructions menu.

.,fait

....

...W

f:lt~iii'"

Common Text Applications

Keeping Text Together / Help

6. Choose End Keep.
This identifies the end of the text to be kept together.
The typing area returns to the screen.
Note: If the text between the Begin and End Keep
codes is too long to fit on a single page, it will be
split regardless of the Keep codes.
A Required Page End code causes a page break during
pagination, even if it is in the text between Begin and
End Keep codes.
Begin and End Keep codes are ignored if you set Adjust
Page Endings to No in the Paginate Document menu.

b
d

e
1
9

m
n

3·1

INSTRUCTIONS
ITEM
Begin Keep
End Keep
Include
Math
Add , Subtract, Multiply, Divide
File Report Instructions
Multi·column File Listing
Summary Math
Total, Average , Highest, Lowest, Count
Conditional Text: Field or Variable Empty
Conditional Text: Field or Variable Not E"mpty
End 01 Conditional Text
Skip to Line
Begin Spelling Check
End Spelling Check
Language For Spelling Check
Footnote

IType 10 lener to choose ITEM; press ENTER: II!
Deleting Begin Keep and End Keep Codes
D elete Begin Keep and End Keep codes as you would
delete any codes. To find the code, you can use the
Find function, the cursor movement keys, or you can
set Display Codes to Yes to help you see the codes.

To use Begin Keep and End Keep codes, go on to the
Demonstration.

Common Text Applica tions

I I

Begin Keep code

End Keep code

I I

3·1

Keeping Text Together / Demonstration

DEMONSTRATION
In this Demonstration you will revise a document so
the tables are not split during pagination. You will
place a Begin Keep code before the first table and an
End Keep code after the second table.
Choose Revise to access the following document:
Document name: Keep Codes
Diskette name: TRAIN
Go to the typing area. Move your cursor to the end
ofthe Keep Codes document. Notice that the document
is 118 lines long. Since this is more than can fit on
one page, when paginated it becomes a two-page
document. The page break occurs within the first table,
as illustrated.
This is an unacceptable place for the page to break.
To prevent this, add Begin and End Keep codes.
To add Begin and End Keep codes:

Th. Ch.OlU
•••

.,.t ~ d

I ra. on

)ur ...... ~~h

I'tr( ",l~~u,

1Ir> ..

,or' ~

.. t

...". hrlp'''\ II .hr •

In,.,IO .. . ... , .....,. t h 0 ••

:::ua:L:~T:~\:J : 1::. I~P:::.::;.::: ::::,~'I:::~:'::.::::::":.::" '

f OlU'AJl,\.UVF. UI.A.~n 5"H'
Ilo-c uob". 11, IQ8 1 .nc! o< . .. ooIJu 11 .

Cu ... " ' " " , "
Cuk
S
i'I.I,b ...bl. S. c ... I,Lu
...< .....n •• k.c.rublr (n.,1
~o, .. h •• tub',

In •• nIQ.lu
hrp~ld

to t~1

r.p.n .. ~

IQ~I

18, 000

SI78. 000

1 .~~

0
11b,OOO

I~O . OOQ

1.'8,000

11 . 00
I ~. 8 1

8,000
180,000

lb~:g:

~'=I
bOO

18, 101
I n. ' 0
11. 1 ~

1~:~: 1::;~
---.!....: Oq ~

C......". Au .. "

Pl o p."y,'l.M,«n"
[qul_nlln •• }

Place the cursor on the Format Change code ( IE: )
at the beginning of the first line of the first table,
COMPARATIVE BALANCE SHEET.

1.••• 1

' ",ron' \ •••• 1" , . .

"''''~d~''

Press INSTR.
The Instructions menu appears.

f.QUIT'!

hub l.

......... · . F.qul"
(\"8Indlln.n .... nt
~~'.'n~~

f.~rntnll

Choose Begin Keep in the Instructions menu.
The typing area returns to the screen.
" . .. ~ " " .h. 11".ncl~1 ........ n • • •• ~ al ~" ~~lplul In ,"'.'~' • • , n_ .h~

l 'd~III"u ,

<", .. n'

,."' ~ ,"~hll$h .. a n ' . pu, •• "'

,.I.,I " Mhlp

bU"H" .ho bU $ ln~ U ' . ,." .... d.b • • nd I n .bllUY . 0 paY . M ~.bl.

Tko

Common Text Applications

Keeping Text Together / Demonstration

Place the cursor on the line following the last line in
the second table, LIABILITIES AND OWNER'S
EQUITY.
Your cursor will be on a Required Carrier Return code.
Press INSTR.
The Instructions menu appears.
Choose End Keep.
The typing area returns to the screen.
At this point in the Demonstration you will delete
the Begin Keep and End Keep codes around the section
beginning with Ratios and Other Analyses as directed
below. These codes have been placed here for this
purpose. Remember that you delete these codes as you
would delete any codes.
To delete codes:
Place the cursor under the Begin Keep code in front
of Ratios and Other Analyses.
Delete the Begin Keep code.
Place the cursor under the End Keep code on the line
following the last line of the section.
Delete the End Keep code.

Common Text Applications

3·1

Keeping Text Together / Demonstration

Paginate and print the document.
Your document should look like the illustration.

~.... ,"

,".on. , .• \ " .• I.-arno_

l'I,·h .• b! ..

.!,.h·... ·n •• I",

,h. I I " ,
,I>. V.l"

~ .•• ~

"ndh.t.

h.· .. n .... ~ •.•

d'.~'~'~

!I' hI" ""~ '. ,. ,,, l.
M,,,,,,"~ ~
~ ("."

~",ufl' l u

••

Invrftl<> . I..
r,.p~ Id I ....

,,11K) po·".'n. "nd

.·,t.. ,

,'"~,

,,',-

~lv .• hl.·

1',tl

I.'. ',.'
I,OT
0.1\
C.M

..... ,11,.,

~ •. "."". th,-,~

,.,_ II "~'r.'.""'.

l'['I~

In ... n. b"~I'"-'''' ' ~ .. " ..... "'.

I"~._nt'''v.

!l,~.,.

1.,,,1,,.-,,,· • . ,I"

I •. :.

I.UI

o..m~,'.

IO] . ~OO

To practice using Begin Keep and End Keep codes on
your own, go on to the Self- Test.

Common Text Applications

Keeping Text Together / Self-Test

3-1

SELF-TEST
Choose Revise to access the following document:
Document name: Toy Department
Diskette name: TRAIN
In this Self-Test you will revise the document so
the table will not be split during pagination.
Go to the typing area and add Begin Keep and End
Keep codes so the table will appear on one page. After

you have completed adding the codes, delete the Begin
Keep and End Keep codes that surround the last
paragraph of this document.
Paginate the document automatically and print a
copy. Compare your document with the one on the
next page.

TOY DEPARTMENT

a ,lo oo

August

Following is the Toy Department's report for this year.
speak for themselves.

We have had a good year.

The figures

September

The key reas ons for our

12,loOO
7 ,000

Octob er

success a r e listed before che table, while our general plans for next

November

25 ,000

year fo11o\J the table.

December

]0 , 000

Some of the factors which have contributed to thls successful record

TOTALS

206 ,loOO

The special sales we held over July 4th, Labor Day,

Thanskglving and Christmas .

The extension of ou r store clos ing hour

to 11:00 p.m. for the Christmas season.

The availability of

reliable part - time h e lp during special sales .

Next year there are plans to have special sales each month .

parents are eager to LaKe advantage of special sa les at
ye ar .

HONTH

Jan uary

February
Mar ch

April

S ACTUAL

S 11.700
9 , 000
I) , 900

8 , 000

May

]1 , 000

June

40 , 000

July

10,000

Go on to the Feedback on the next page.

Common Text Applications

The

reliable part-time help is available ..... ith inflation con tinuing,
~

time of the

3·1

Keeping Text Together / Feedback

FEEDBACK
Your document should look like the illustration. If it
doesn't, use SCREEN FORMAT to display the
document codes on your screen.
A Begin Keep code should appear before the
MONTH heading. An End Keep code should follow

the last line after the number 206,400 in the last
column. No Begin Keep and End Keep codes should
surround the last paragraph of the document.

TOY DEPARTMENT

Following is the Toy Department's report for this year.

spea k for th e1!lselves.

We have had a good year .

The figures

March

year follow the table.

ration ' 5
Board of Directors to all""'" errployccs of
Precision Steel t o share in the CCJlpany ' 5

grOw'th . Each year lJ1 which PreciSlOn St eel
earns s ufficient proflts , a share of these
profits is contributt.>d to the Trust
csLablisllto'd under the Plan. This noncy 15
then invested under the directlon of the

Adv isory Crnmittee . The invested f unds arc
admi.nisteH~'d by AppalachIan Nationa.l Bank of
Pittsburg h solely for the benefit of
E!TPloyecs .

There 15 no way U1 ....t nch noney

contributed by PrecIsion Steel can be
returned t o the Ccrrp.::.ny .

Set Line Alignment to l/z Justify.

Common Tex t Applications

Justifving the Right Margin / Demonstration

Go to the typing area.
You will not see the justification on your screen.
Justification occurs during printing.
End and print the document.
Your printed document should look like the illustrated
document. Notice that half justification produces a less
ragged right margin than left alignment. Notice also
the variable spacing between words.
To justify the right margin:
Choose Revise to access the same document.
Before you get to the typing area, set Line Alignment
to Justify in the Line Format menu.
Go to the typing area.
Notice that the document does not appear justified
on the screen.

Common Text Applications

1'00F'IT SHARING PLAN

The Prof l t Sharlng Plan and Trust was
establlshcd by Preclslon Steel Corporauon ' s
Doard of Duectors to allo.l arployees of
PrCC1Slon Steel to share in the Ccrrp:lny ' s
qrcwth . Each year lJl .,.tu ch PreclSlon Steel
eams sufficlent prohts , a share of these
prof ltS 15 contn.buted to the Trust
establlshed Wlder the Plan. Ttu s!TOney 15
then tnvested urder the duection of the
AdvlSOry Camutt.ee.
TIle l1'Ivest.ed funds are
adrru.nlsten."'CI by Appalachlan Natlonal Bank of
Plttsburgh solely for the bencht of
mp!oyecs. '!'here 15 no way lJl ...tach rroney
t:onuiliuLed by Preclslon Steel can 00
rctlll"Tled to the Caq:-any.

3·2

Justilving the Right Margin / Demonstration

End and print the document.
Your printed document should look like the illustrated
document, with a perfectly even right margin and
variable spacing between words.
PROFIT SIIl\R.l NG Pll'IN

The Profit Sharwg Plan and Trust was
CSt:.abllShcd by Preclsion Steel Coq:oration ' s
Board of Directors to a 1100,.,0 uq)loyccs of
PreclsIon Steel to share in the Ca rpany ' s
growth.
Eitch year 1n whlCh PI"CC1SlOn stccl

earns sufficient pl'ofllS , a share of these
profi t s
15
contributed
to
Ule
Trust
cstabllshccl under the Plan . This rroney 15
then

lnvested

under

the

dlrectIOn

tile

I\dvisory Ccmn.i ttee . The I_nvestcd funds are
administered by i\ppalachicl.n National Bc.nk of
Pittsburgh
solely
for
the
benefit of
errp l oyces . 1'hcre I S no way in which [tOney
contn.butcd by
Preclsion Steel can be
returned to the Carpany .

To try justifying the right margin on your own, go on
to the Self- Test.

Common Text Applications

Justifying the Right Margin / Se/f-Test

SELF-TEST
For this Self-Test you will access the following
document and use the different methods of justification.
You will justify partially, then fully.
• Print the following document:
Document name: Invention
Diskette name: TRAIN
• Access the same document and half justify the right
margm.
• Print the document again. This time you will have
a partially justified margin.
• Access the same document and justify the right
margin fully.
• Print the document.

Go on to the Feedback on the next page.

Common Text Applications

3·2

Justifying the Right Margin / Feedback

FEEDBACK
Compare your documents with those illustrated here.
D The first document you printed should look like
the first one illustrated on the right. It should have
a ragged right margin and even spacing between
words.
D Your half-justified document should look like the
one illustrated in the middle. The right margin
should be even tighter, with variable spacing
between words. If your document looks different,
did you set Line Alignment to lh Justify?
D Your justified document should look like the one
illustrated on the far right. The right margin should
be perfectly even, and the variable spacing between
words should be greater. If your document looks
different, you may not have set Line Alignment to
Justify.

Ameri c a in 18 90 .
It w.1 S c ensu s time , and if
the go vernment pe o ple were edgy , who could blame
them ? Aft e r all , It had ta ke n s even l o ng ye a r s t o
cnmfl le[j> fhe

1880 count.

No .... . mov i ng more deeply

Into the st'cond ce ntury. Ameri ca wa n t (>d it profile
of its ma keup , literacy , health . and emp l oymen t
qu i c kly and .1 cc uralt: ly .
So , the Cen sus Board had d o ne someth in g ve r v
American.
It s et up a contest t o sc(> .... h o could
devjse th e bes t

wa y

t o count people.

Herman

llo l1eri t h . a young s tati s ti c ian f r om Buffal o . !'Ie ....
Yo rk, wo n it hand s do wn . He devised a mach i ne
that could be s et in action by punched c ard s . The
('nlire 1890 cou nt . whi ch tall ied a po pulation th.H
had gro lo'n by 2S percent 5 I nce the 1880 coun t t il ,., 3
milli o n , ....35 completed i n ha lf the time .

Common Text Applications

Justifying the Right Margin / Feedback

.'merle-a in 1890 .
I t o.I1'IS ce nsus time , and if
the government people \oIefE' edgy, who couid blame
them? After all . il had taken stoven long veal''; to
CO!'lVic lt' the IRAO coun t.
l"OIol, moviOA mOft' deeply
into the second (en ttify. America t,Ja nlt'd a profi Ie
of Its makeup , literacy , health . and emplovment
quickl ... and accu r ately.
So . t he Censu s Rna rd had d o ne 'iomet h j og VI.' rv
Amt!ri can .
It se t lip 11 cOll te,,! t o <;ee wh o co uld
devi<;(' li1(' h'-""I way t o coun t people.
Herman
Hollerith. it voung " 11I11";ll ci1l0 from Buffalo. Ne ....
York, 101 00 It hands dovn.
He devised a m.lehlne
that could be se t in action bv punched ca rd s . The
entlr., 1890 coun t, ...,hi c h tallied a populati on tlun
had grown hv 2'; p£>r cen l since the IRRO count t o Ii)
million , W;I'; ('omplctcd tn h,11f th e lime .

Common Text Applications

America in 1890.
It wa s census time, and if
the government people .... ere edgy , .... ho could blame
Ihem' After all , it had taken seven long years to
complE'te the 1880 count.
Now, moving mor(' deeply
into the second cen turv , Ameri c a ....anted a profile
of its makeup , lltera cv . health, and employment
qulcklv and accur,Helv.
So , the CenS\ls Board had done some thing very
Amerl ran .
It "E't up a contest to see .... ho could
devise tht> best ,-,a v to coun t people.
Herman
HollE'rith , a voung statistician from Buffalo . Ne ....
York. ,-,o n it h.lnds dololTl.
He d('vlsed a ma ch in('
that cnuld he se t In action by pun ch('d c ards.
The
entire 1890 coun t ..... hich tallied a population that
had gro .... n bv 2') pe r ce nt since the 1880 cou nt to 6)
mi 11 ton ..... as completed In h.ll f tIl{' t tme .

3·2

Using Line Adjust

Prerequisites:
You must have completed
Lesson 1 of this unit

3
I'LL USE..

LINE. ADJUS>T TO
TIGHTE N ~E. RI 6 HT
MARGIN OF THESE.
RE.v/SE.D

PARAGRAPHS .

You can hyphenate words to tighten the
right margin of a document. If you wish
to hyphenate words within an entire
document, you use the hyphenation
capability which is part of the Spell Check
function. To learn how to use this function,
you must complete Spelling, Lesson 1.
If you want to hyphenate words within
a very short document or for a portion of
a document, you can adjust line endings
using the LINE AD] key.
Your goal for this segment is to be able
to adjust line endings by hyphenating
words using the LINE AD] key.

Common Text Applications

3·3

Using 1.ine Adjust / Main Idea

MAIN IDEA
Adjusting line endings using the LINE ADJ key allows
you to tighten the right margin by hyphenating.
To adjust line endings, be sure that Adjust Line
Endings is set to Yes in the Line Format menu. Follow
these steps:
1. Place the cursor at the beginning of the first line
to be adjusted.
2. Press LINE ADJ.
3. Respond to the prompt "Hyphenate where?" by
doing one of the following:
• Press ENTER to move the word to the next line.
• Place the cursor one space past the last character
in the word and press ENTER to keep the word
on the same line.
• Place the cursor one character position past
where the hyphen should fall and press ENTER
to hyphenate a word.
4. Repeat Steps I through 3 for each line to be
adjusted.

If you have enough information about adjusting line
endings using the LINE ADJ key, go on to the
Demonstration. If you would like more detail, read the
Help that follows.

Common Text Applications

Using line Adjust / Help

3·3

HELP
Use the LINE AD] key when you want to tighten
the right margin by hyphenating words.
Before you use the LINE AD] key, make sure that
Adjust Line Endings is set to Yes in the Line Format
menu.
Follow these steps:
1. Place the cursor at the beginning of the first line
to be adjusted.
2. Press LINE ADJ.
LINE AD] is located at the upper right of the
keyboard.

Common Text Applications

•

3·3

Using L.ine Adjust / Help

3. When "Hyphenate where?" appears on the screen,
indicate whether or not to hyphenate a word that
exceeds the right margin.
• Press ENTER to move the word to the next line.
• Place the cursor one space past the last character
in the word and press ENTER to keep the word
on the same line.
• Place the cursor one character position past
where the hyphen should fall and press ENTER
to hyphenate a word.
4. Repeat Steps 1 through 3 for each line to be
adjusted.
Hold LINE AD] down to adjust a block of line
endings.
You can also reset the zone width in the Line Format
menu for a tighter right margin during Line Adjust.

of microscopic circuits
Hyphenate where?

LINE FORMAT
POSSIBLE
YOUR
ID ITEM
CHOICE CHOICES
1 =Single 2 =Oouble 3 =Triple
a Line Spacing
1
4 =Half
5= 1 and V,
1 = LeH
2 = Justify
b Line Alignment
3 = '12 Juslify
c Typestyle Number 86
1 • 31 !10 PilChl
80 ·111 12 Pitch
154·175 Proportional)
215·230 15 Pitch)
1 =2.09/em or 5.3/in.
d Lines/em or in.
2
2 = 2.36/em or 6/in.
3 = 3.15/em or 8/in.
4 =9.45/em or 24/in.
5 =2.0/em or 5.08/in .
e Adjust Line Endings 1
1 =Yes
2 =No
1· 30
f Zone Width
6
When finished with this menu . press ENTER .

IType 10 letter to choose ITEM; press ENTER: II!

Common Text Applications

Using line Adjust / Help

To reduce the number of hyphenated words, increase
the zone width. (The margin will be less even.)

The zone width determines the number of characters
from the right margin to where the system ends the
line. If the system cannot end the line automatically
because of a long word that falls within the zone, it
prompts you for a hyphenation decision.
For a tighter right margin, decrease the zone width
setting. (More words will be hyphenated.)

Note: The LINE AD] key can also be used before
you print your document justified or half justified.
Using LINE AD] in the typing area tightens your
right margin. This decreases the space between words
when the document is justified or half justified.
Zone width

Zone width

. ,.

\ d.· .. Ic- .. l.·.

1',(,-r { 1.,-.
III
r r, .11: " I "
,~ 'II '
rk.,
.1
1"11',I,-r rh<\ -n,
,upi<·d ,111 'Ill i r, r· 'F .
111,·

.,1'".

t ~.

...

I1ll'~r.ltt,d

l I

.tn.!

1l"'11

'''"

,I,n

1.11 ~('

1 i"...

ft t

1111

j ~I
.

I"',-~

'Il

.,,'

pr .. d\l(~'
t

1',h'~

<".111

tLI·lllt

11,,'

th~'

,,,mplIl.-r {,.d,l\· •. 111
"".lme

, "'1'1 \",10'1

(h.,t

I' " r"pm.

rll~·

11'

111 r

'11'\ Iwn 1

'ri

. 1"1:.1"'
l

3-3

th,·

·IIl'PUIlI

.'1" c'

.'.

"""1'.

1I11.·~I.lto,d

,'I
II.· ...

• I 1'( IItt....

'110'1

.... ,,\.,

uri.',!

.In

" ...

~'I1-

1.1' ,..·1
'.""

111

p.u-k 11".II .... lnd .. ,oj rli,r,'s,",'P'< ,'1,I "i 1 j, "n I'wm.'r\' ,hip -.1".,1!~'I 111.l!' I I in\' pO'11< i I el.I ",·r .

,·II,t .. "11

,-r,t'-!'r .
i r.1I11
ht", 'm,' -'!"l.111,·r , t ho II
1\'111 Iv tn pr".·'· ...... i,,! <'rm.'! j,'ll ~r" ....·""
I 1,·1' 1'"1 r("\lit,. • •.1h\lI.Hill~
.... pe .·J ..... , ) .... ' r i ... , · . ,\nd ,I .... ,I,·n·.it \
mtl -'\h·o·d Ilh·n·.' ... · • ,"mp"!o"
." .. \ ..
f!" ,J" ....·I1.
11,,· 1"'-'111 I : m;lr1\' ! 1m, · ....
-\...

h",

I r, lilt

}:f,'\.I' •

.,(11

lj,ut,lt
,j"

itl~

d.'I1 ... !1\"

'~.

rr .• "",.

11'1111\'

r.d 1,-r . tl"lr

·,.'.11 I\!

'·pn·d·

.111,1

lfnli t .

!1 ....

'p,.,oj

r I ,' .

1111r\',I<.,,' ,

n..:

·I t

! r.l' t I'll

•... t .

To practice adjusting line endings using LINE ADJ,
go on to the Demonstration.

Common Text Applications

\11.1

n.'

1.1 .... 1 '·r P I' ''''''''''' I Ill'

(""mpH ! L'l r""'I" ,\:,\ .1" ...·11 .
fl' e
f.'''ul t : r,lIl\ llnl'· ... 1,' .. I,'r
I" '. " ...... I

"itll ...

1I11-'rT"'.ltil'!1

till' "",.1
Ih ..•

. J(

I r.I('\1
Coffee or tea
L..I~E..
Roll and Butter
Napkin (pap er )

Common Text Applications

DATE: 1981
FOOD COST
PER SERVING
. 05

.04

Seafood Dinner

Move

CO(,UM~

II\) 10

c:.pACES

dY REPl-ACE

1. 05

1 : 15

.06
. 03
.06
.05
.03
.02

.08
. 02
.06
.10

. 06
.0 5

WITH · 10

3·6

Revising Simple Tables / Demonstration

You will:
• Move the 1982 FOOD COST PER SERVING
column ten spaces to the left.
• Change the second entry (.06) in the 1982 FOOD
COST PER SERVING column to .10.
• Delete all of the entries in the sixth line (Dessert).
Choose Revise to access the following document:
Document name: Food
Diskette name: TRAIN
First, you will move the 1982 FOOD COST PER
SERVING column.
Place the cursor under the Format Change code.
You can see the Format Change code by setting Display
Codes to Yes.
Press ENTER.
The Format Selection menu appears.
Select Change Margins and Tabs.
The Margins and Tabs menu appears.
Cursor to the decimal tab at 82.

Common Text Applications

Revising Simple Tables / Demonstration

Backspace ten spaces to 72.
The decimal tab moves back ten spaces.
Return to the typing area.
The 1982 FOOD COST PER SERVING column
should have moved ten spaces to the left. (The decimal
point for all the numbers should be aligned on 72.)
Now change the second entry under the 1982 FOOD
COST PER SERVING column (.06) to .10.
Cursor to the 0 in the entry.
Delete 06 and type 10
Do not delete the decimal or the Required Carrier
Return code, since you are only replacing the entry.
Finally, you will delete the line beginning with Dessert.
Place the cursor in the left margin of the line that
begins with Dessert.
Delete the entire line.
Be sure to delete the Required Carrier Return code.

Common Text Applications

3·6

Revising Simple Tables / Demonstration

You may want to print a copy of the document and
compare it with the one below.

MENU ITEM LOG
MENU ITEM:
INGREDIENTS
TYPE AND AMOUNT
PER SERVING
Soup (4 oz . )
Appetizer (l oz . )
Fish (8 oz . )
Potato (scoop)
Vegetable (scoop)
Coffee or te a
Roll a nd Butter
Napki n (paper)

Seafood Dinner

DATE: 1981
FOOD COST
PER SERVING

DAT E: 1982
FOOD COST
PER SERVING

.05
. 04
1. 05
.0 6
.03
.05
. 03
. 02

. 05
.1 0
1. 15
. 08
. 02
. 10
.06
.05

To practice revising simple tables on you r own, go on
to the Self- Test.

Common Text Applications

Revising Simple Tables / Self-Test

3-6

SELF-TEST
In this Self-Test you will make the revisions indicated
on the table below.
Access the following document:
Document name: Players
Diskette name: TRAIN
Make the following revisions:

• Change the third entry in the Height column
(6-7) to 6-10.
• Delete the entire seventh line (beginning with Jesse
Kode).
• Move the Class column to the left five spaces.
You may want to print a copy of your document and
compare it with the one on the next page.

MID- EASTERN CONFERENCE
BASKETBALL ALL- STAR TEAM

~ MO'JE. SSPPCES
TO THE L5Fr

1981-1982

School
David Cannon

Washington

Mike Frazier

Lincoln

Ed Schultz

6-2

SHDUui-

BE.

b-IO

Class
Sen~or

Senior
Senior

Gary Rake

Kennedy

6- 0

J unior

Ramon Hernandez

Lincoln

6-5

Junior
Senior

Ralph Bowie

West

6- 2

Jesse Kode

Washin ton

6-0

Jl'mes Bryers

West

5-10

Go on to the Feedback on the next page.

Common Text Applications

West

Height

3·6

Revising Simple Tables / Feedback

FEEDBACK
Your document should look like this:

MID - EASTE RN CONFERENCE
BASKETBALL ALL- STAR TEAM
1981 - 198 2

Player

Schoo l

David Cannon
Mike Frazier
Ed Schul t z

He ight

Class

Washing t on

6- 2

Seni or

Linco ln

5- 11

Senior

6-1 0

Senior

Wes t

Ga ry Rake

Kennedy

6-0

Junior

Ramon Herna nd ez

Lincoln

6- 5

J un ior

Ralp h Bowie

Wes t

6- 2

Senior

J ames Bryers

Wes t

5- 10

Juni or

Common Tex t Applications

Revising Simple Tables / Feedback

If your copy looks different, check to be sure that
you did the following :

o
o

Did you delete the Required Carrier Return code
that ends the " unwanted" line?
Did you leave the Tab code following 6-7 in place
when you revised the entry?
Did you backspace five spaces to move the Class
column to the left?

If you had trouble, review the segment and try the SelfTest again.

Common Text Applications

3·6

Using Screen Movement Kevs

-,
,-

,
,
,
==,
,

----------~~~------------,

-,
,==,==
-:
,
\. . _________
---J,
~,~

Common Text Applications

If you are typing or revising a long or wide
table, you can't see it all at once. Using
the cursor movement keys to get to a
portion of the table takes many keystrokes.
You can move the length or width of a
screen with one keystroke using the screen
movement keys. These keys make it easier
to get to the portion of the table you want
to see.
You can also move a particular line or
character to the edge of the screen by
moving the cursor to that line or character
and then using the screen movement keys.

Your goal for this segment is to be able
to use the screen movement keys to view
specific portions of a document.

3·7

Using Screen Movement Kevs / Main Idea

MAIN IDEA
The screen movement keys allow you to quickly move
to areas that are off the screen. You can use the screen
movement keys in two ways. You can place a particular
line or a particular character at the edge of the screen,
or you can move the length or width of the screen.
Partial Screen Movement
To place a particular line at the top of the screen:
1. Place the cursor at the line.
2. Press SCREEN DOWN.
To place a particular line at the bottom of the screen:
1. Place the cursor at the line.
2. Press SCREEN UP.
To place a particular character at the left edge of
the screen:
1. Place the cursor under the character.
2. Press SCREEN RIGHT.
To place a particular character at the right edge
of the screen:
1. Place the cursor under the character.
2. Press SCREEN LEFT.

Common Tex t Applications

Using Screen Movement Kevs / Main Idea

Screen Movement
• To move the length of the screen up or down, press
SCREEN UP or SCREEN DOWN.
• To move the width of the screen to the right or
left, press SCREEN RIGHT or SCREEN LEFT.

If you have enough information about using the screen
movement keys, go on to the Demonstration. If you
would like more detail, read the Help that follows.

Common Text Applications

3·7

Using Screen Movement Kevs / Help

HELP
Think of the screen as a window through which you
view your document, as illustrated on the right. When
you use the screen movement keys, you are moving
the viewing window up or down, or to the right or
left.
Note: The screen movement keys are not engraved
keys on your keyboard. They are on your keyboard
template.

Common Text Applications

Using Screen Movement Kevs/ Help

Partial Screen Movement
To place a particular line at the top of the screen:

1. Place the cursor at the line.

11-

If you move cursor here and .. .

Press Screen DOWN

2. Press SCREEN DOWN.
The screen moves down and the indicated line
moves to the top of the screen.
You cannot move beyond the end of your document,
but you can move the last line of your document
to the top of the screen.

Common Text Applications

3·7

Using Screen Movement Kevs / Help

To place a particular line at the bottom of the screen:

If you move cursor here and . ..

Press Screen UP

1. Place the cursor at the line.

.,
1
1

-_- 1---1
-I
-I
-1-1-J- ' - -.....=.-~- =-=--~

2. Press SCREEN UP.
The screen moves up and the indicated line moves
to the bottom of the screen.
You can never move the screen past the top of the
document, so you cannot move the first lines of
the document all the way to the bottom of the
screen.

.',

.,~~.

.'
.
I'

Common Text Applications

Using Screen Movement Kevs / Help

To place a particular character at the left edge of
the screen:

3·7

If you move cursor here and . . .

Press Screen RIGHT

1. Place the cursor under the character.

I
~

11-

----t

11-

I
1

' -. -- ---'s...:
-- ./~' -z' -

2. Press SCREEN RIGHT.
The screen moves right and the indicated character
moves to the left edge of the screen.
You can move the characters at the end of a line
to the left edge of the screen.

...

SCIIIU:toI

Common Text Applications

3·7

Using Screen Movement Keys / Help

To place a particular character at the right edge
of the screen:

1. Place the cursor under the character.

If you move cursor here and . . .
Press Screen LEFT

----------~I

--I
~-I'
~
I
-

'--

I11-

-,
........J.

........

_----

"<::::::

__ I
---_/

::;;> / '

2. Press SCREEN LEFT.
The screen moves left and the indicated character
moves to the right edge of the screen.
You cannot move the screen past the left margin
of the document.

Common Tex t Applications

Using Screen Movement Kevs / Hel

Screen Movement
To move the length of the screen up or down, press
SCREEN UP or SCREEN DOWN. If the cursor is
at the first or last line on the screen, you move the
length of the screen up or down. One line from the
~revious screen appears. The cursor appears at that
hne. If the cursor is on a line within the screen that
line moves to the edge of the screen as described.

3·7

To move the width of the screen right or left, press
SCREEN RIGHT or SCREEN LEFf. If the cursor
is at the first or last character in any line on the screen,
you move the width of the screen right or left. Several
characters from the previous screen appear. The cursor
appears at the edge of the screen.

SCREEN RIGHT

SCREEN DOWN

"..-----------.....,
1

\
I

(

------~I-----

_\ . . . _~ __=_ _ = ___=_./ 1 _

)

---1

I
-

I
I
\
......

To use the screen movement keys, go on to the
Demonstration.

Common Text Applications

I
I-

11-

-'- -- - -'5;:-_--:2"
-

3·7

Using Screen Movement Keys / Demonstration

DEMONSTRATION
Note: If you have a Full-Page Display (66 lines), you
do not have to complete the Demonstration, Exercise,
or Self-Test. The Full-Page Display is large enough
to view the documents without using the screen
movement keys.
Now you have a chance to practice what you learned
in this segment. You want to see the amount of assets
for the month of December from the year 1979 back
to the year 1975 in the document illustrated.

Common Text Applications

Using Screen Movement Kers / Demonstration

3·7

FINANCE
Most businesses will have at le ast two basic financial statements prepared at the
end of the annual accounting period -- a statement of income and a balance sheet.
There may also be o ther statements containing important information. These might
include a rec onciliat ion of retained earnings in the business, a statement of source
and application funds, and listings of such items as inventories, a ccounts receivable,
and accounts payable. However, the statement of income and the balance shee t are basic
financial statements. Any business can reas onabl y be expected t o have these two
available.
If they have not been prepared, i t may be necessary to co nstruct approximate
s tatements -- particularly statements of income -- based on the best info rmation available. If they are available but were not prepared in accordance with generally
accepted accounting principles, they wil l prob ably have t o be adjusted.
SamEle ComEarative Balance Sheet
1981

1980

1979

1978

1977

1976

1975

$189,000

$173 , 000

$168,000

$159,000

$140,000

$130,000

$120,000

February

162 , 000

155,000

144,000

138,000

120,000

110,000

100,000

Ma r ch

165,000

158 ,000

147,000

141,000

123,000

113 , 000

103,000

April

166,000

159,000

14 8,000

142,000

124,000

114,000

104,000

May

168,000

161,000

150,000

144,000

126,000

116,000

106,000

J une

169,000

162,000

151,000

145,000

127,000

117,000

107,000

J uly

189,000

182,000

161,000

155,000

137,000

127,000

117,000

August

200,000

190,000

181,000

165,000

148,000

147 ,000

128,000

September

250,000

195,000

191,000

185,000

154,000

153,000

138,000

Oc t obe r

255,000

205 , 000

200,000

195,000

164,000

16 3 ,000

148,000

Nov ember

260 ,000

210,000

205,000

100 , 000

169,000

168,000

153,000

December

261,000

211 ,000

206 , 000

101,000

170,000

169,000

155,000

ASSETS
Janua ry

Common Text Applications

3·7

Using Screen Movement Kevs / Demonstration

Choose Revise to access the following document:
Document name: Finance
Diskette name: TRAIN
Place your cursor under the first character in the April
1979 column.
Your cursor should be under the 1 in 148,000.
Press SCREEN RIGHT.
The screen movement keys are unmarked, so you may
have to check your keyboard template.
The April 1979 column now appears at the left edge
of the screen. Your cursor stays on the 1 in 148,000.
Your screen includes January through April, 1979
through 1975.

Common Text Applications

Using Screen Movement Kevs / Demonstration

Press SCREEN DOWN.
Your cursor stays on the 1 in 148,000. The April 1979
entry is now at the top left corner of your screen.
You can now see the assets for the month of December
from 1979 to 1975.
Now you want to check the assets from January to
April 1981.

Press SCREEN UP.
Your cursor stops under 148, 000 .
Press SCREEN LEFf.
The left side of your document becomes the left side
of your display. You can check the assets from January
to April 1981.

For more practice using the screen movement keys, go
on to the next page.

Common Text Applications

3·7

Using Screen Movement Kevs / Exercise

EXERCISE
Now practice what you just did in the Demonstration.
In the same document, Finance, you want to see the
amount of assets from May to December 1980, and
from January to May 1975.

Common Text Applications

Using Screen Movement Kevs / Exercise

3·7

FINANCE
Most businesses will have at least two basic financial statements prepared at the
end of the annual accounting period - - a statement of income and a balance sheet.
There may also be o ther statements containing important information. These might
include a reconciliation of retained earnings in the business, a statement of so urce
and application funds, and listings of such items as invent ories, accounts receivable,
and accounts payable. However, the statement of income and the balance sheet are basic
financial statements. Any business can reasonabl y be expected t o have these two
available.
If they have not been prepared, it ma y be necessary to construct appr oximate
statements -- particularly statements of income -- based on the best informa ti on available. If they are available but were not prepared in accordance with generally
accepted accounting principles, they will probably have t o be adjusted.
SamEle ComEarative Balance Sheet
ASSETS

1981

1980

1979

1978

1977

1976

19 75

$189,000

$173,000

$168,000

$159 ,000

$140,000

$130,000

$120,000

February

162,000

155,000

144,000

138 ,000

120,000

110,000

100,000

March

165,000

158,000

147,000

141,000

123,000

113,000

103,000

April

166,000

159,000

148,000

142,000

124,000

114,000

104,000

May

168,000

161,000

150,000

144,000

126,000

116,000

106,000

June

169,000

162,000

151,000

145,000

127 ,000

117,000

107,000

July

189,000

182,000

161,000

155,000

137,000

127,000

117,000

August

200,000

190,000

181,000

165,000

148,000

147,000

128,000

September

250,000

195,000

191,000

185,000

154,000

153,000

138,000

October

255,000

205,000

200,000

195,000

164,000

163,000

148,000

November

260,000

210,000

205,000

100,000

169,000

168,000

153,000

December

261,000

211,000

206,000

101,000

170,000

169,000

155,000

January

Common Text Applications

3-7

Using Screen Movement Kevs / Exercise

Place your cursor under the M in May in the ASSETS
column.
Press SCREEN DOWN.
The May to December assets appear.
Press SCREEN UP.
The January to May 1975 assets appear.
Move the cursor and continue to practice using the
screen movement keys.
End the document when you feel comfortable getting
around using the screen movement keys.

To practice using the screen movement keys on your
own, go on to the Self- Test.

Common Text Applications

Using Screen Movement Kevs / Self-Test

3-7

SELF-TEST
In this Self-Test, use the screen movement keys to move
around within a document.
Access the following document:
Document name: Investments
Diskette name: TRAIN
• Display all the companies in both the Ameranian
Hester and Arvella Industries columns.
• Display all the companies in the Abbotle
Laboratories, AF A Protectional, and Ameranian
Hester columns.
RECORD IS NO GUARANTEE
Important as co ntinu o us profits may seem , a corpo ration' s past record is no guarantee of its
future. Management s t yle changes, p e rsonnel turns ove r, industries d ecli ne or become outmoded,
governmen t s change fiscal policy and consumers are fickle . Well - run companies improve their products
a nd services co ntinuou sly , develop new products, update eq uipmen t a nd buildings and so maintain t he
t op positio n s in th eir industries.
If you decid e to pur chase stock in a co mp a ny with a long hi s t ory of of pr of it a bi l it y , be su r e t o
check it s re ce nt record of growth. You ma y find th at yo ur f utur e in come may be s tead y , but not likely
to i n c r ease a gr ea t deal in the future. Fo r example , Cayo r Co rp o rati on , a diversified manufacturer of
specialty fashion accessories, has paid something t o its s tockh ol der s for 35 yea rs, but its earni ng s
have faltered so that its st ock price has fallen from a 1976 high of 45 to a 1982 low of 6 , and most
recently , about 12 - not exactly a rewarding inves tment.
The foll owing lists co mpanies which yo u ma y cons ider investing in due t o longevity of
profi t ability. Always be sure, howeve r, t o inves tigate th e fu tur e prospects of profitability b efo r e
investing.
Abbotle Laboratories
Baker Interregional
Calif . Porterhouse Center
Th e Dart Board, Inc.
Federal Contr ab and Co .
Gammett Co .
Idaho Power Corp.

AFA Protectional
Bangladesh Electric
Chubblet Co rp.
Dixicali, Inc.
Flashen Scien tifi c
General Protection
Monarch Chemical

Go on to the Feedback on the next page.

Common Text Applications

Ameranian Hester
Berner Co .
Ceco llar Co rp.
Discount Gar bage Corp.
Foxtrotter Co .
Gillcr es t Co .
Int~rnational Fieldmaster

Arvella Industri es
Borger- Wilsonex
Cin c innati Belt e rs
Dowla nd Chemi-trace
F ri e nd s hip Min erals
Gray La ke Drug S tor es
Joyf ul Manufacturing

3·7

Using Screen Movement Kevs/ Feedback

FEEDBACK

Were you able to:

Display all the companies in both the Ameranian
Hester and Arvella Industries columns?
If not, did you remember to place your cursor at
the first character in Ameranian and press SCREEN
RIGHT and then SCREEN DOWN?
Display all the companies in the Abbotle
Laboratories, AF A Protectional, and Ameranian
Hester columns?
If not, did you remember to press SCREEN LEFT?

If you had trouble, review the segment and try the Self• Test again.

Common Text Applications

Proportiona' Spacing

Prerequisites:
You must have completed
Lesson 1 and Lesson 2,
Segments 3 and 5 of this
unit

In proportional spacing, each character has

a different unit value, depending on the
width of the character. But text is displayed
on the screen in 12-pitch. Therefore, if you
are using a proportional space printwheel,
the text does not always print the way it
displays on the screen. For instance,
columns may appear to be perfectly aligned
on your screen, but when you print them
using a proportional space printwheel, you
may find that some of the columns are no
longer aligned.
In this segment you will learn to adjust
text and realign columns printed using a
proportional space printwheel.
Your goal for this segment is to be able
to print using a proportional space
printwheel. If you do not use a proportional
space printwheel, skip this segment.

Common Text Applications

3·8

Proportional Spacing / Main Idea

MAIN IDEA
When you print using a proportional space printwheel,
the text may not print the way it appears on your
screen.
With Auto Carrier Return on, the system calculates
the unit value of each character and carrier returns
automatically.
If you type with Auto Carrier Return off, you must
press RETURN. The system calculates the unit value
of each character and beeps when you approach the
printed right margin.
Columns

The system does not automatically reset the tabs for
proportional space printing. To adjust columns created
using either tabs or Column Layout, follow these steps:
1. Print a copy of the columns.

2. Measure the printed columns with the conversion
ruler.
3. Adjust tab settings accordingly.

If you have enough information about printing with a
proportional space printwheel, go on to the
Demonstration. If you would like more detail, read the
Help that follows.

Common Text Applications

Proportional Spacing / Help

HELP
Each PSM (proportional space) character has a unit
value that varies from three to seven units. The screen,
however, continues to display in 12-pitch characters,
which do not vary in width .
Note: Refer to the R eferenc e Book, Charts section,
Proportional Spacing Values, if you want to know the
exact value of each character.
The system calculates the unit value of each
character when determining line endings with Auto
Carrier Return either on or off. The lines may look
long or short on the screen, but the printed page will
be accurate.
Columns
The system does not automatically reset tabs for
proportional space printing. You must type a rough
draft and adjust the columns, if necessary.
If you are setting tabs manually, delete all preset
tabs. Estimate the width of the column and set tabs
accordingly.
If you are using Column Layout, type example
entries as usual.
Follow these steps:
1. Print a copy of the columns.

Because proportional space characters vary in
width, columns may print wider or narrower than
they appear on the screen.
Note: This will not affect tables consisting only of
columns of numbers in Column Layout. All
numbers have the same unit value as the a's used
for the example entries.

Common Text Applications

3·8

Proportional Spacing / Help

2. Measure the printed columns with the conversion
ruler.
Measure the printed text using the 12-pitch scale.
Count how many 12-pitch characters are required
to match the width of the printed columns.
3. Adjust tab settings accordingly.
Set new tab stops at the positions on the scale line
indicated by t"~ conversion ruler.

Exa mpl es o f print ed co lumn s t h a t co ntain a ll wid e and a ll n a rr ow
c h ar ac ter s .

H ea ding

H ea din g

iii i

Headin g

MAMM

MAMM
iii

Hea din g

iiii

MAMM

iiii

Thi s loo k s co rr ect o n th e di sp lay.
U se th e 12-pitc h sca le o n th e co n ve r s ion rul e r t o meas ure wh at th e
indi v idu a l ta b s s hould be.

To print using a proportional space printwheel, go on
to the Demonstration.

Common Text Applications

Proportional Spacing / Demonstration

DEMONSTRATION
In this Demonstration you will print copies of two
documents with columns that appear properly aligned
on the screen, but are not properly aligned when
printed using a proportional space printwheel. You
will revise one document so that it prints correctly.
Insert a proportional space printwheel in your printer.
See the Printer Guide for directions on changing
printwheels.
Choose Revise to access the following document:
Document name: Team
Diskette name: TRAIN
Stop at the Create or Revise Document menu.
Choose Change Document Format.
In the Line Format menu, change the Typestyle
Number to match the proportional space printwheel
you are using.
Go to the typing area.
All of the columns appear aligned. Notice that the
columns were typed using the default tab settings.
Paginate and print the document.
The printed columns are way out of alignment. A
major reason for this is the default tab settings.

Common Text Applications

3·8

Proportiona' Spacing / Demonstration

Choose Revise to access the following document:
Document name: Team 2
Diskette name: TRAIN
Stop at the Create or Revise Document menu.
Choose Change Document Format.
In the Line Format menu, change the Typestyle
Number to match the proportional space printwheel
you are using.
Go to the typing area.
All of the columns appear aligned and well spaced.
Notice that in this case the default tab settings have
been deleted.
Paginate and print the document.
The columns are too close in several lines. Those tabs
were set for elite spacing. When you measure the
printed copy with the conversion ruler, you find that
the longest entry in the NAME column is 17 elite
spaces instead of 13. The longest entry in the SCHOOL
column is 16 elite spaces instead of 12.

Common Text Applications

Proportional Spacing / Demonstration

Choose Revise to access the following document:
Document name: Team 2
Diskette name: TRAIN
Stop at the Create or Revise Document menu.
Choose Change Document Format.
Choose Change Margins and Tabs.
Delete all tabs and reset to 40, 61, and 74.
Paginate and print the document.
The columns now print aligned and well spaced.

There is no Self- Test for this segment.

Common Text Applications

3·8

Time Savers

Common Text Applications

The Displaywriter has a number of
functions that can help you complete your
work more quickly. These functions
include Copy, Get, and Insert/Replace.
At times, you may use only one timesaving function to complete a document.
Other times, you may find that several time
savers can be used in the same document.
The time-saving functions you use depend
on the type of work you're doing.
Segment 1 of this lesson teaches you the
use of the Copy function. In Segment 2
you will learn to use the Get function.
Segment 3 teaches you how to use Insert/
Replace.
The training documents for this lesson
are on the Master diskette (MASTER). If
you have not already done so, duplicate
this Master diskette onto the work diskette
TRAIN. Instructions for duplicating the
Master diskette can be found in the
Job Aids, Tab 7, Diskette Tasks.

Using CoPV

Prerequisites:
You must have completed
Printing, Lesson 1,
Segment 3, If you have a
sheet-feed paper handler

Have you ever found yourself retyping the
same section of text? Perhaps you had to
type the inside address in a letter, then
repeat the same address for the envelope.
Or maybe you had to type a numerical table
more than once in a long report.
By using the Copy function, you can
duplicate blocks of text without retyping
anything.
Your goal for this segment is to be able
to copy a block of text within a document.

Common Text Applications

4·1

Using Copy / Main Idea

MAIN IDEA
To copy a block of text within a document, follow
these steps:
1. Place the cursor under the first character or code
to be copied.
2. Press COPY.
3. Place the cursor under the last character or code
to be copied, then press ENTER.
4. Move the cursor to the place where the text is to
be inserted, then press ENTER.

If you have enough information about using Copy, go
on to the Demonstration. If you would like more detail,
read the Help that follows.

Common Text Applications

Using Copy / Help

HELP
Use the Copy function to copy a block of text to another
place in the same document.
Remember that the Displaywriter copies exactly
what you tell it to copy. The text is not deleted from
its original location.
Follow these steps:
1. Place the cursor under the first character or code
to be copied.
2. Press COPY.
The prompt "Copy what?" appears.
3. Place the cursor under the last character or code
to be copied, then press ENTER.
Remember to include any punctuation, spaces, or
carrier returns you want as part of the text.
The text to be copied is highlighted.
The prompt "To where?" appears.
4. Move the cursor to the place where you want the
text inserted, then press ENTER.
You can copy the highlighted text forward or
backward in a document.
When you press ENTER, the highlighted text is
copied to the new location.
After the text has been copied, the cursor appears
under the first character of the copied text in the
new location. The original text remains in place.

To copy a block of text within a document, go on to
the Demonstration.

Common Text Applications

4·1

Using Copy / Demonstration

DEMONSTRATION 1
In this Demonstration you will use Copy to duplicate
a line of text for use again in the same document.
The document shown on the right is a sample of the
Jones Memo. All the information you will need to type
this document appears on the following pages. Do not
type from this sample.

10 :
t IWH:

Ho h SmLlil
" am JorH' l'>

1l,\TF:

Ju l y 1:' , 19K }

I .... I Ld

n net' ,

,'1lI1 1 ' 1 J ..,a v

" Copy in K It'X I

1:; IH.ttILIlK t o KP I ki·\,. ,t! up db " ,,!,"

il :IRilin.

Choose Revise to access the following document:
Document name: Jones Memo
Diskette name: TRAIN

Common Text Applications

Using CoPV / Demonstration

4·1

Go to the typing area.
To copy the sentence in quotation marks, follow these
steps:
Place the cursor under the quotation mark before the
word Copying.
Press COPY.
"Copy what?" appears.
Place the cursor under the quotation mark following
the word about.
The text is highlighted as you move the cursor. The
highlighting shows what text will be copied.
Press ENTER.
"To where?" appears.
Place the cursor under the first Required Carrier
Return code after the word again.

Common Text Applications

TO: Bob Smith
FROM: Sam Jones
DATE: July 12, 1982
I said it once. ~Copying
And I'll say it again

4·1

Using Copy / Demonstration

Press ENTER.
The highlighted text is inserted in the new location.
The cursor appears under the first character of the
copied text. The original sentence remains where it
was.
Print your document. It should look like the one
illustrated.

TO :
FROM :
DATE :

Bob Smith
Sam Jones
Jul y 12, 1982

I said i t once .

" Copying t e xt i s no thin g t o get keyed up ab out ."

And I ' ll say i t aga i n .

" Copying text i s no thing t o get keyed up a bout."

Sam

If you are ready to practice copying a block of text
within a document on your own, go on to the Self- Test.
If you would like more practice first, go on to the next
Demonstration that follows.

Common Text Applications

Using CoPv / Demonstration

4·1

DEMONSTRATION 2
In the following Demonstration, use Copy to copy
Format Change codes along with tables or indented
text. For more information on Format Change codes,
refer to Lesson 2 of this unit.
Choose Revise to access the following document:
Document name: Lease
Diskette name: TRAIN
Notice that the property description is to be repeated.
You will copy the indented property description,
including the Format Change code, and place it in
the second paragraph. The document shown on the
right is a sample of the Lease document. All the
information you will need to type this document
appears on the following pages. Do not type from this
sample.

Common Text Applications

111\ ..

l~·" .. ~· . 1J,!.r~, .. ",.. nT

.,-nl,ll n .. ,Ill

n.'I' .... ".lf\'

ll'A,11 . I rr.lnJ,!.('II'(-'n l 'i IlIr

k [,ilk Iii. , 1.,'1 • I . ,'I I h~· .. ubd I v 1"1<'" . !' I ".'S,lllt
\',11 I.,\, , ml'.1'

14M2

Central

~'r

LIn coln

Ke vin Murph ...

For Feedback, go on to the next page.

Eas t

1980

Tirnflth\" lar.lpbell

ludd [.1 rpent

Larr\' Horn

1979

4·1

Using CoPV / Feedback

FEEDBACK 1
The headings should appear positioned over the three
columns on both pages. If your document differs from
the one shown, check the following :

Did you copy the Required Carrier Return code
( ~ ) in the column after the heading line, line

In response to the "To where?" prompt, did you
place the cursor at the left margin of the line
beginning with Lin on page 2?

Did you copy the Tab code ( ~ ) in the left margin
of the column headings line, line 13?
Did you copy the Tab codes between each column
and the Required Carrier Return at the end of line
13?

15?

Correct your document now before proceeding to
the next Self-Test.

Year

School

I.In Canadian

1978

Cent ra l

Robin Kltgall in

1918

'.le s t

H.1fsh.11 1 Tay l o r

1979

Was hin gton

CENTER C I TY
BASKETBALL HALl. OF FAl"n :

P l ay e r

Yea r

Mike f razi e r

1968

Lincoln

J. R. Coppersmi t h

1979

~:ast

Phi I Ilarbert

1969

West

Carey MePher s(ln

1980

Ce ntral

Larr y Horn

1969

Lincoln

Judd Ca rpenter

1980

Cen tral

Ri c k Lindsey

1970

Ke nn edy

Timothy Ca mpbell

1981

Kennedy

Kevin Hurph y

1970

Jeffe r son

Kim R.l rnes

1981

South

Lyle Peters on

\9 71

South

Paul Ki rk p1111 .,. .. ~'ms

ti me-cons uming project .

Correct your document now before continuing with
the next segment.

\,.'illl the (1.1 0 " f u" ,",orkin.: l ug ,·tll ... r , I t hink \,I e call turn t his llttl,'
enmp.tny in t
lo"kil1~ fUI

grl'.11

W ,I\'~

t (l

rcvl'nUc-llfodlll; i ng 'I(· coun I .
~IU!> 1 1:I.II1U I ae I U fl' rs .l fl'
their productivity and I tldnk V(lllf la te s t

Inc r c;lsl'

invent ion wi II Iwljl .

Sinc ... r clv ,

Ilfe l!

lI.l rr ln~tun

Sales ni rectnr

Mr. J ame s H. Handilli • .Jr .
Ran dall & St ill I ings , Inc .
8904 S l ec k ,'venue
lIos t o n, Mt\ 02299

If you had trouble, review the segment and try this SelfTest again.

Common Text Applications

Using Get

Suppose you have just been asked to
prepare the quarterly report for your
company. You recall that several portions
of the report are standard from quarter to
quarter.
With the Displaywriter, you can bring
those standard portions into your current
report using the Get function.
Your goal for this segment is to be able
to use Get to copy material from one
document to another.

Common Text Applications

4·2

Using Get / Main Idea

MAIN IDEA
To get a document, follow these steps:
1. Place the cursor at the location where the document
is to appear.
2. Press GET.
3. Choose the items in the Get menu to name the
document and diskette you want the system to get.
4. Determine if you want to get the entire document
or specific pages in the document.
a. If you want the entire document, go on to Step
5.
b. If you want specific pages, choose the item in
the menu to specify the page or pages you want
the system to get.
5. Press ENTER.
The pages being copied take on the format of the
document you are creating or revising, unless those
pages contain format changes. (To learn more about
format changes, see Lesson 2 of this unit.) Also, Page
End codes are deleted from the pages being copied.

If you have enough information about using Get, go
on to the Demonstration. If you would like more detail,
read the Help that follows.

Common Text Applications

Using Get / Help

4·2

HELP
How to Use Get
To get a document, follow these steps:
1. Place the cursor at the location where the document
is to appear.
2. Press GET.
The Get menu appears.
3. In the Get menu, name the document and diskette
you want the system to get.
If you have a single diskette unit, you can get a
document only from the diskette that is loaded.
If you have a dual diskette unit, you can get the
document from another diskette, if it is loaded.
4. Determine if you want to get the entire document
or specific pages in the document.
a. If you want the entire document, go on to Step
5. If you press ENTER without typing a page
number, the system gets the entire document.
b. If you want specific pages, choose the item in
the menu to specify the page or pages you want
the system to get.
If you want to get more than one page of a
document, type each page number separated by
a space. Up to 10 page numbers may be typed.

Common Text Applications

GET

ITEM

YOUR
CHOICE

POSSIBLE
CHOICES

1 = Yes 2 = No

Oocumenl Name
Oiskelle Name
System Page Number (s)
Insert Included Text

If no pages are specified , the entire document will be included .
To specify multiple pages, separate page numbers with spaces.
When finished with this menu , press ENTER .

, Type 10 leller to choose ITEM; press ENTER:J ~

4·2

Using Get / Help

5. Press ENTER.
The system inserts the document (or pages of the
document) at the location you chose and places the
cursor under the first character of the inserted
document.
The pages also remain in the original location.
Formatting and Get
The pages being copied take on the format of the
document you are creating or revising unless the pages
contain Format Change codes. If necessary, add
Format Change codes to the copied text.
Page End codes are deleted from the pages being
copied unless followed by a Format Change code on
the next page. So multiple pages are inserted as one
page and must be repaginated.
Notes
• You can get from only one document at a time using
the Get menu. To get from additional documents,
access the Get menu each time.
• Get is often used to create letters and documents
made up of stored text. For more information, see
Creating Documents from Stored Text Using Get.
• Special format changes that you use often can be
stored, and then accessed using Get.

To practice using Get, go on to the Demonstration.

Common Text Applications

Using Get / Demonstration

4-2

DEMONSTRATION 1

In this Demonstration, you will prepare a new
document using standard information stored in a
separate document named Interviews. To prepare the
new document, type the new information, then get the
standard information. The illustration is a sample of
the standard information. Do not type from this
sample. The new information you will type appears
on the following pages.

vour c a mpu.;; .
n'quircm~'Il(" ar~' 1\11' imnt'diatt.' gr,1du r e s .
Ilolo/('ver , your
qualllil,Hlon" drl mn.."
Imprt',,';JVt' ,
...... hq p
that \'OU 101 111 l:Onulct us
,", hilt' ,-,c ,Ire on campI!'" nl'Kt " ... mc __ r r.

(lu r CUfh'nt

.:ag.111l

pu r tw"t .... b,lit·..
r .....11'd to st.'t'inj;\ voff' ag

PILI"'" dlC ... pt

look

Al.m !J"ugh ... rtv , H.. lr\',l!(t.'r
I'l'r~('nn ... l

Common Text Applications

l.:uUt l l\U(>d

UCj: eJ'

in ... tlur .,ludl(' .. .

\..I e

4·2

Using Get / Demonstration

Create the following document:
Document name: Anderson Letter
Diskette name: TRAIN
Go to the Typing area.
Type carrier returns until the cursor is on line 12,
then type the information that appears below.

October 10, 1982

Mr . Robert K. Anderson
11376 Henne p in Avenue
Minneapolis , MN 55210
Dear Mr . Anderson:

Common Text Applica tions

Using Get / Demonstration

Be sure to type two carrier returns after the colon.
Press GET.
The Get menu appears.
Choose the item in the Get menu to name the document.
Type Interviews, then press ENTER.
Choose the item in the Get menu to name the diskette,
type TRAIN, and press ENTER, if necessary.
The diskette name may already appear.

Common Text Applications

4·2

Using Get / Demonstration

Because you will use the entire document, you are
finished with the menu.

Press ENTER.
The standard portion of the document appears on the
screen.
Print the document and compare it with the one
illustrated.

If you are ready to practice using Get on your own,
go on to the Self- Test. If you would like more practice
first, go on to the next Demonstration that follows.

Common Text Applica tions

Using Get / Demonstration

4·2

October 10 , 1982

Mr . Robert K. Anderson
11376 Hennepin Avenue
Minneapolis, MN 55210
Dear Mr . Anderson:
Thank you for participating in the interviews during our recent visit to
your campus .
Our current requirements are for immediate graduates . However , your
qualifications are most impressive. We hope that you will contact us
again while we are on campus next semester .
Please accept our best wishes for con tinued success in your s tu dies .
look forward t o seeing yo u again soon .
Si n ce re ly ,

Alan Dougherty, Manager
Personnel

Common Text Applications

4·2

Using Get / Demonstration

DEMONSTRATION 2
In this Demonstration you will use Get to obtain special
pages from a document named Credit Correspondence.
Standard paragraphs that you use frequently can be
stored in a special document called a paragraph library.
In a paragraph library each paragraph is stored as a
separate page. This allows you to retrieve a single
paragraph by telling the system to get a specific page.
For more information on paragraph libraries, see
Creating Documents from Stored Text Using Get,
Lesson 2.

Common Text Applications

Using Get / Demonstration

Create the following document:
Document name: Winslow Letter
Diskette name: TRAIN
Go to the typing area.
Type carrier returns until the cursor is on line 20,
then type the information that appears on the right.
Be sure to type two carrier returns after the colon.

Common Text Applications

Novembe r 18 , 1982
Mi chael Wi ns l ow
2527 Wes t Ave nu e
Vi s t a , CA 93501
Dea r Mr . Wins l ow:

4·2

Using Get / Demonstration

Now you will select the paragraphs from the paragraph
library to be used in your letter. See the reference copy
illustrated. For this D emonstration you will get
paragraphs 2, 7, and 10.

S1~EDA6

~E I

( Thank you for your recent correspondence regarding your cred it card
account .

SOTO~Af,;(T hank
~

you for yo ur recent tel e phone call conce rning yo ur credit card
acco u nt .

ST~DAS n h ank you for your application for a credit card.

P.46e. ~

STOflI5C>M; ( we have received yo u r application for a credit card .
PIII6.11
STOflEDA&(we are processing your application now , and yo u should receive your
PA6E S"
credit ca rd within three weeks .
If you have not received it by then,
please con t act your bank account representa t ive .
STOR~A&(: roceSSing of yo ur application has been delayed be cause addi t i o nal
~b

=Ef

information is necessary . Please fill o u t the attached form , and return
i t t o me as soon as possible so that we can provide you with your own
c r ed i t card .

16 (The limit se t on your credit will be $ 1 ,000 .

SToae:DAS
(The limit set on your credit will be $500.00 .
p~~e
~DAS ( we are enclosing a comple t e statement of account which indicates all
~q
transac t ions which have occurred since your last billing date.
Very t r u ly your s ,

( Adeline Ga r rity
Credit Manager

~
~

Common Tex t Applications

Using Get / Demonstration

Press GET.
The Get menu appears.
Choose the item in the Get menu to name the document.
Type Credit Correspondence and press ENTER.
Choose the item in the Get menu to name the diskette,
type TRAIN and press ENTER, if necessary.
The diskette name may already appear.
Because you want to get only specific pages, choose
the item in the Get menu to specify System Page
Numbers.
The prompt "Type YOUR CHOICE; press ENTER"
appears.
Type 2 7 10 and press ENTER.
Be sure to space once between each page number and
use the numeral 1 and not the letter I when you type
the number 10.
Press ENTER again.

Common Text Applications

4·2

Using Get / Demonstration

The standard paragraphs are now included in your
new document, Winslow Letter.
Print the letter and compare it with the one illustrated.

November 18, 1982
Michael Win slow
252 7 Wes t Avenue
Vista , CA 93501
Dear Mr . Winslow :
Thank yo u for yo ur recent t ele ph one ca ll co nce r n ing yo u r credit ca rd
account.
The l imit set on yo ur c redit will be $1 , 000 .
Very truly yours,

Adeline Ga rrit y
Cr edit Ma nager

To practice using Get on your own, go on to the SelfTest.

Common Text Applications

Using Get / Self-Test

SELF-TEST
In this Self-Test you are to create Section One of the
ABC Corporation proposal. Section One is made up
of an original introductory paragraph you must type
and the standard company description illustrated
below.

The ABC Corp oration is o rg anized t o conduct bu s ine s s thr ough out the
world . We are organized int o the following areas:

Re a l Es t a te:
This area manages the s electi on and ac qul s ltl0n o f si te s , the
de s ign and c onstructi on o f building s , and t he pur c has e o r l e a s e o f
fac i lities fo r all opera ti ons througho
he world . Members of
this s t aff are highly t raine d and ~ ali
t o a ss ess real esta t e
projec t s in the Uni t ed Sta t es , 5 W 1
environmental programs a d p o~iae f~e

h"dq"""" 10"~~;£

Ma rketing:

,..

This area is r esp onsible for the marketing of our wide range of
pro du c ts in t he United Sta t es and its territories . An internal
fu nc ti on of this a re a is t o provi de main t enance a nd related
services f o r cust omers .

Development a nd Manufactu r ing:
This a re a has world-wide development a nd U.S . manufacturing
r es ponsibi lit y for th e te c hn o logy requir eme nt s of a ll p r oduct s .

Common Text Applications

4·2

Using Get / Self-Test

4-2

Create the following document:
Document name: ABC Proposal
Diskette name: TRAIN
Now, type the information below.

SECTION ONE:

THE ABC CORPORATION OVERVIEW

3> REr/~

I n r es ponse to yo ur Request For Proposals , dated September la ,
1982 , pl ease con s i der t he following pro posal .
CORPORATE S'fRUCTURE

RET $

Common Text Applications

Using Get / Se/f-Test

Get the standard information, which is the following
document:
Document name: Company Description
Diskette name: TRAIN
Print your document and compare it with the one
illustrated.
SECTION ONE:

THE ABC CORPORATION OVERVIEW

In res ponse t o you r Req u est For Proposals , dated Sep t e mber 10,

1982 , p lease co nsid e r th e following proposal.
CORPORATE STRUCTURE
The ABC Corpora ti on is organized to conduct business thr oug h out the
world. We are organized in t o the follo wi ng areas:

Real Es t a t e :
This area manages the selection a n d acquisition of sites, the
design and construction of buildings, and the purchase o r lease of
faci litie s for a ll operations througho ut the world . Member s of
thi s s t aff are highly train ed a nd qu al ifi ed t o assess real es t ate
pr ojec ts in th e Un it ed S t a tes, as well as o ur worldwide
environmental pr o gr ams and provide fac ilit y services to se lected
headquarters locations.

Marke ting:
This area is re s ponsible fo r th e marketing of o ur wide range of
prod u cts in th e Unit ed S tates a nd it s territ o ri es .
An internal
f un c tion of th is area is to pr ovi d e maintenance a nd related
services fo r cus t omers.

Developmen t and Manufacturing:
This a r ea has wo rld - wide development and U. S . manufacturing
resp ons ibilit y for th e t ec hnolo g y requir eme nt s of all pr oduc t s .

For Feedback, go on to the next page.

Common Text Applications

4·2

FEEDBACK
If your document is different from the one on the
preceding page, check the following :

o
o

Did you place the cursor at the left margin before
you pressed GET?
Did you get Company Description from your
training diskette?

Make any corrections before continuing with the
next segment.

If you had trouble, review the segment and try the SelfTest again.

Common Text Applications

Using 'nsertl Replace

You normally type with the Insert mode
on. Insert causes existing text to move
automatically to the right as you insert new
text between words. You do not type over
text.
You may want to correct text by typing
over errors. For example, you may find it
faster to type over transposed characters
than to delete and retype them.
You must change the typing mode from
Insert to Replace to type over text. In the
Replace mode, characters are erased as you
type, and new text replaces the existing
text.
Your goal for this segment is to be able
to use Replace to type over existing text.

Common Text Applications

4·3

Using 'nsertl Replace I Main Idea

MAIN IDEA
To use Replace, follow these steps:
1. Place the cursor under the first character to be
replaced.
2. Press INSERT/REPLACE to turn the Replace
mode on.
3. Type the new text.
4. Press INSERT/REPLACE to turn the Insert mode
back on when you have finished replacing
characters.

If you have enough information about using Replace
to type over existing text, go on to the Demonstration.
If you would like more detail, read the Help thatfollows.

Common Text Applications

Using 'nsert/ Replace / Help

4·3

HELP
Turn Replace on when you want to type over existing
text. Replace enables you to make character-forcharacter substitutions. When you type a character,
you replace the character that currently appears in
that position.
To use Replace, follow these steps:
1. Place the cursor under the first character to be
replaced.
2. Press INSERT!REPLACE.
This turns Insert off and turns Replace on.
Check to be sure Rep/ appears on the first status
line.

Repl l

« . 2..,.: .. ,. 3 ..,.: .. ,.4 .. ,.: .., .5 ..,"!: •• , . 6 .. , .:..,. 7 ..,.: ..,.8 ..,.: .. ,. » .. ,.:.., . 10.

Common Text Applications

4·3

Using 'nsertl Replace I Help

3. Type the new text.
Be careful not to type over any characters that
should remain in the text. Pay particular attention
to punctuation, spaces, and codes you might
accidentally replace.
4. Press INSERT/REPLACE after you have finished
replacing characters.
This turns Replace off and turns Insert on.
Check to be sure Ins appears on the first status
line.

1 Ins

«. 2 .. ,.: ..,. 3 .. , .: .., . 4 ..,.: .. !. 5 .. !~ .. !. 6 .. !.: .. !. 7 .. !.: .. !. 8 ..,.: .. !.» .. ,.:..!. 10.

To use Rep/ace to type over existing text, go on to the
Demonstration.

Common Text App/ieations

Using 'nsertl Replace I Demonstration

DEMONSTRATION
In this Demonstration you will use Replace and Insert
to make revisions.

Choose Revise to access the following document:
Document name: Perloff Memo
Diskette name: TRAIN
Go to the typing area.

Common Text Applications

4·3

Using Insert/ Replace / Demonstration

Look at the illustration of Perloff Memo to see the
changes you will make.

TO:

FROM:
RE :

NBEA Co nv en ti on Participants
Larry Pe rl off
__
(gord pr ocess in g materials ~

CAPS

The following wo rd processing hando ut s were pr es ent ed at t he NBEA
C~o nven ti o n on J une 2 ~
~une

ADD : and

lnt>

tJL>ME

~
.
B.
C.
D.

2-3 .

Di r. t a ti on/Transc ripti on Sys t ems
Char ac t eris ti cs of Ma g Med ia Ty pewrit e rs
Wo rd Pr ocessing Associat i on a nd Use r Group s
The Ef fect of Wo r d Pr ocessing Sys t ems on the Business
Ed u ca tio n Curr icu lum.

The fi lm th a t wa s shown is e ntit le d , "Napoleo n Dictation t o Now "
a nd may be rent ed or pur chased from Cr ea t ive Gr a phi cs , 443 1 No rth '
Ave nu e , Alb uqu er qu e , NM 87 11 8 . The film rents fo r $44 a wee k. The
purch ase pri ce is $215.
Also e n c l osed is a bu si ness- r e p ly card th a t yo u can fi ll out in
o ,i'lj r t o ob tain in fo rma ti on regarding th e dict a tion casse tt e player a nd
t apes that ca n be used fo r deve l opi ng machine transcription s ki lls.
If yo u have any qu es ti ons about the material, dr op me a lin e or
give me a call a t 2 13/644 - 7201 .

Common Text Applications

Using Insert/ Replace /,Demonstration

To replace all the lowercase letters in word processing
materials with uppercase letters, follow these steps:
Place the cursor under the w in word.
Press INSERT/REPLACE to turn the Replace mode
on.
To be sure the Replace mode is on, look for Replan
the first status line.
Type WORD PROCESSING MATERIALS
Press INSERT/REPLACE to turn the Replace mode
off.
To insert text with the Insert mode on, follow these
steps:
Place the cursor under the colon following June 22
and type and June 23

Common Text Applications

4·3

Using 'nsertl Replace I Demonstration

To replace the letters with numerals, follow these steps:
Place the cursor under A.
Press INSERT/REPLACE.
This turns the Replace mode on.
Type 1
Move the cursor under B and type 2
Replace C and D with the appropriate numerals in
the same way.
Since the last revision is a replacement, do not turn
the Replace mode off.
The last revision is to correct a typing error. The word
odrer in the third paragraph should be order. To
correct the transposed letters, follow these steps:
Place the cursor under the d.
Type rd
Press INSERT/REPLACE.
This turns the Insert mode back on.

To practice using Rep/ace to type over existing text on
your own, go on to the Self- Test.

Common Text Applications

Using Insert/ Replace / Self-Test

4-3

SELF-TEST
Choose Revise to access the following document and
go to the typing area:
Document name: Andreas Memo
Diskette name: TRAIN
Revise the memo as indicated below using Replace.
Print a copy and compare it with the memo on the
next page.

r---------------------------------------------------------------------------------l

TO:
FROM:

All Employees
Marge Andreas
Personnel Administrator

SUBJECT:

CHMJbE

Discount

purchasin~

I t is possible for s t aff members to pu f\j ase many items at reduced
prices just by mentioning that you are employed by
cision Steel .
Included with this memo is a list of s uppl iers we have contracted and
who are willing to sell to our staff a t wholesale or discounted prices.
All you need to do is to present your Precision Steel I.D. card when
making a pur ~ se .

TO
NUMERALS

'iV
A.

C.
D.
E

Par ti cipating Dealers
B & D Furniture Company
Bancroft Pain t Supply
Bellows Electric,
LOWER,
Charles Appliances
Cus t om Hardware Company

For Feedback, go on to the next page.

Common Text Applications

~S taff

~~~

rc.

CASE.

4·3

Using 'nsertl Replace I Feedback

FEEDBACK
Your memo should look like this:

TO :
FROM:

All Employees
Marge Andreas
Personnel Adminis t rator

SUBJECT:

STAFF DI SCOUNT PURCHAS I NG

It is possible fo r s t aff memb e r s t o pur chase ma ny i t ems a t re du ce d
pr i ces ju s t by menti on ing th at you are employed by Prec i s i on Ste e l .
I nclud ed wi th thi s memo i s a lis t of s up plie r s we have co ntrac t ed a nd
wh o are wi lling t o sel l t o our s t af f a t wholesa l e o r disco unt e d pr ices .
Al l you nee d t o do i s to pr esen t yo ur Precision St eel I . D. card wh en
ma kin g a pu rc hase .
Pa rt ic ipa ti ng Dea l e r s
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

B & D Furnitur e Compa ny
Ba nc r of t Pa in t Suppl y
Bel l ows Elec tr ic , Inc .
Cha rl es Appl iances
Cus t om Har dwa r e Company

If your memo is different from the one illustrated,
ask yourself the following questions:

o
o

Did you turn the Replace mode on when you revised
the memo?
Did you remember to turn the Replace mode off
when you finished revising the memo?

If you had trouble, review the segment and try the SelfTest again.

Common Text Applications

Advanced Formatting

I CAN
?A\JE..

-rnESE.
FORmATS
It) l)<;,E.

.A6AIN.

Common Text Applica tions

In the previous lessons in this unit you
learned how to prepare the text of your
documents to look the way you want. In
this lesson you will learn advanced
formatting techniques, such as adding
information to the top or bottom of your
document, reformatting a document, and
using an alternate format within your
document. You will also learn how to plan
and save the formats you use so that
formatting is easier.
In Segment 1 you will learn how to add
headers and footers to the top and bottom
of the pages of your document. In
Segment 2 you will learn how to create
headers and footers that alternate from
even to odd pages of your document .
Segment 3 teaches you how to revise the
format of a document that contains format
changes. You'll see how revising one format
affects the others. Segment 4 explains the
use of the alternate format. In Segment 5
you will learn how to plan and save the
formats you use for your work. This means
that you don't have to re-create the formats
each time you use them.

Advanced Formatting

The information on headers and footers will
probably be immediately useful to you, but you may
find it easier to understand the advanced formatting
techniques presented in this lesson after you have been
using your Displaywriter on your own work
applications. These applications will help you
understand what formatting techniques you will
require to do your work.
The training documents for this lesson are on the
Master diskette (MASTER). If you have not already
done so, duplicate this Master diskette onto the work
diskette TRAIN. Instructions for duplicating the
Master diskette can be found in the Job Aids, Tab
7, Diskette Tasks.

Common Text Applications

Headers and Footers

Prerequisites:
You must have completed
Lesson 1 and Lesson 2,
Segment 1, of this unit

DRAFT

A header is a small amount of text (usually
just a few words) that appears at the top
of every page throughout a document. A
footer consists of similar material that
appears at the bottom of every page. If you
wish, you can also instruct the
Displaywriter to print the page numbers
of the document as part of either the header
or the footer.
You type the header and footer
information in a special typing area that
you can only reach through a Format
Selection menu. Once they have been
entered in this special typing area, headers
and footers can automatically be printed
on every page of your document.
Your goal for this segment is to be able
to create and revise a header and a footer,
one of which includes a page number.

Common Text Applications

5·1

Headers and Footers / Main Idea

MAIN IDEA
Setting Up Headers and Footers
Headers and footers are typed in a special typing area
you can only reach through a Format Selection menu.
To set up headers and footers for a document, follow
these steps:
1. Go to the Create or Revise Document menu and
choose Change Document Format.
2. Choose Change Header and Footer.
3. Choose Create or Revise Header.
4. Type the header information and press ENTER.
5. Choose Create or Revise Footer. Type the footer
information and press ENTER.
6. Make changes as needed to the following settings
in the Header and Footer menu:
• First Header Line
• Print Header On
• First Footer Line
• Print Footer On
7. Go to the regular typing area and type the
document.
8. Paginate the document.

Common Text Applications

Headers and Footers / Main Idea

Printing Page Numbers

To print page numbers in the header or footer, follow
these steps when creating the document:
1. Go to the special typing area of the header or footer.
2. Tab or space to the location where you want the
page number to appear.
3. Press INSTR.
4. Choose System Page Number or Page Number in
the menu that appears.
• Choose System Page Number if you want to print
the number that corresponds to the page number
on your diskette. This is the number that appears
on the status line.
• Choose Page Number if you want to assign a
number other than the system page number.
5. Return to the regular typing area and type the
document.
6. Paginate the document before printing it.

Common Text Applications

5·1

Headers and Footers / Main Idea

Revising Headers and Footers

To revise headers and footers, follow these steps:
1. Go to the special typing area by choosing Create
or Revise Header (or Footer) in the Header and

Footer menu.
2. Revise the text of the header or footer as you would

any text.
3. Return to the regular typing area.
4. Paginate the document.
You can also change your headers and footers in
the middle of a document by making a page format
change at the beginning of the page where the change
is to occur. Then choose Change Header and Footer
in the Format Selection menu that appears.

If you have enough information, go on to the
Demonstration. If you would like more detail about
headers and footers, read the Help that follows.

Common Text Applications

Headers and Footers / Help

5·1

HELP
Setting Up Headers and Footers
CREATE DR REVISE DOCUMENT

Headers and footers are typed in a special typing area
you can only reach through a Format Selection menu.
If you want the same header and/or footer to appear
throughout a document, you can type it once, setting
it up as part of the document format.
To set up headers and footers for a document, follow
these steps:
1. Go to the Create or Revise Document menu and
choose Change Document Format.
Headers and footers are normally set up through
Change Document Format or Change Alternate
Format in the Create or Revise Document menu.
For more information about alternate formats, refer
to Common Text Applications, Lesson 5, Segment
4.
The Format Selection menu appears.
2. Choose Change H eader and Footer.
The Header and Footer menu appears.
3. Choose Create or Revise H eader.
A special typing area appears.

10 ITEM
Oocumenl Comment
Change Oocumenl Form al
Change Alternale Formal
Preserve Page Numbers

YOUR
CHOICE

POSSIBLE
CHOICES

1 = Yes 2 = No

When fi nished wilh Ihis menu, press ENTER.
: Type 10 letter to choose ITEM ; press ENTER: I ~

FORMAT SELECTION
10

ITEM

Change
Change
Change
Change
Change
Change
Change

Line Formal
Margins and Tabs
Page Format
Header and Fooler
Alternaling Headers and Footers
Footnote Format
Outline Level Formats

When linished with this menu , press ENTER.

I Type 10 letter to choose ITEM; press ENTER:I~

Common Text Applications

5·1

Headers and footers / Help

4. Type the header information in the special typing
area and press ENTER.
When you are creating or revising the text of a
document in the regular typing area, you will not
see a header or footer on the screen. You must go
to the header or footer typing area to see, create,
or revise the header or footer.
Within the special header (or footer) typing area,
the following rules apply:
• Line spacing is automatically set to single spacing.
• Margins and tabs for the headers and footers are
the same as those established in the document
format or alternate format, whichever is in effect.
This means that if you change the margins and
tabs settings in a format change, margins and
tabs settings for the header (or footer) typing area
will not change to match the new settings.

Common Text Applications

Headers and Footers / Help

For example, if you have a document like the
one illustrated, you must set paper/ envelope size
to 11 x 8lh in. for the third page of the document.
You must also change margins and tabs for the
text. These same margins and tabs must be set

5 ·1

up in the header and footer typing area for the
header and footer to print correctly. This cannot
be done using a page format change. Instead, you
must set up the alternate format for this page
to print correctly.

DRAFT

DRAFT
DRA FT

DRAFT

2
1

Common Text Applications

5·1

Headers and Footers / Help

• Line endings for headers and footers will not be
adjusted automatically. You must therefore end
each line with a carrier return. When you get
close to the right margin, the system beeps. At
that point, press RETURN. Do not press
RETURN after the last line of the header or
footer.
• No more than 256 characters may be typed in
the header or footer typing area.
5. Choose Create or Revise Footer and type the footer
information and press ENTER.
Creating a footer is done in exactly the same way
as creating a header. The footer information is typed
in a special typing area of its own, which you can
reach by choosing Create or Revise Footer in the
Header and Footer menu.

Common Text Applications

Headers and Footers / Help

6. Make changes as needed to the following settings.
Changes to these items should be made after
creating the header or footer. This allows you to
check for possible conflicts.
• First Header Line. The standard setting is line
3.
• Print Header On. Do you want your header to
print on all pages or do you want it to start on
the second page?
If you want to begin printing headers and footers
on page 2, choose Print Header (or Footer) On
All But First Page in the Header and Footer
menu.
Note: All format settings that relate to headers
and footers, including last typing line for text
and first footer line, must be compatible with the
document format settings in the Create or Revise
Document menu. If the settings are not
compatible, the system informs you that you have
a "conflict between choices."
• First Footer Line. What line do you want your
footer to begin printing on? The standard setting
is line 63.
• Print Footer On. Do you want your footer to
print on all pages or do you want it to start on
the second page?

5·1

HEADER AND FOOTER
YOUR
CHOICE

10 ITEM

c
d

Creale or Revise Header
First Header Line
Print Header On
Create or Revise Footer
First Footer Line
Print Footer On

POSSIBLE
CHOICES
1 · 999
1 = All Pages
2 = All But First Page

63
1

2· 999
1 = All Pages
2 = All But First Page

When fini shed with this menu , press ENTER.

IType 10 leUer to choose ITEM ; press ENTER: I~

HEADER AND FOOTER
10 ITEM

Create or Revise Header
First Header Li ne
Print Header On

d
e
f

Create or Revise Footer
First Footer Line
Print Footer On

YOUR
CHOICE

POSSIBLE
CHOICES
1- 999
1 = All Pages
2 = All But First Page

63
2

2-999
1 = All Pages
2 = All But First Page

When finished with this menu, press ENTER.

[TYPe ID leUer to choose ITEM; press ENTER: ~

Common Text Applications

5·1

Headers and Footers / Help

7. Go to the document typing area and type the
document.
This step is necessary to make sure that the header
and footer information has been properly stored for
that document.
8. Paginate the document.
Setting or Changing Headers and Footers Within a
Document
Sometimes you may want to set a header or footer
to start printing on page 3 or later in your document.
You may also want to change a header or footer within
your document. In this case you use the CHG FMT
key rather than the document format.
To do this, you must perform the following steps:
• Go to the regular typing area and type your
document.
• When you have typed and paginated the document,
go to the beginning of the page where you want
your header or footer to begin printing.
• Press CHG FMT.

Common Text Applications

Headers and Footers / Help

• Choose Change Header and Footer in the Format
Selection menu.
• Go to the special typing area for headers (or footers),
and enter your header or footer information.
• Press ENTER enough times to return to the typing
area.
• Paginate your document before printing.

5·1

FORMAT SELECTION

ITEM
Change
Change
Change
Change
Change

line Formal
Margins and Tabs
Page Format
Header and Footer
Allernating Headers and Footers

Return All Formats to Starting Choice
Return line Format, Margins and Tabs to Starting Choice
Return Typestyle to Starting Choice
Begin Using Document Format
Begin Using Allernate Format

When finished with this menu , press ENTER .
: Type 10 letter to ChOOse ITEM; press ENTIA] ~

Common Text Applications

5·1

Headers and footers / Help

Printing Page Numbers
Page numbers are also typed in the special header or
footer typing area. You reach this typing area through
the Format Selection menu.
To print page numbers in the header or footer, follow
these steps:
1. Go to the special typing area of the header or footer.
If you are page numbering sequentially throughout
a document, you get to this typing area by choosing
Change Document Format in the Create or Revise
Document menu.
2. Tab or space to the location where you want the
page number to appear.
3. Press INSTR.
To have page numbers printed in a header or footer,
press INSTR at the location in the special typing
area where you want the number to appear.

Common Text Applications

Headers and Footers / Help

4. Choose Page Number or System Page Number in
the menu that appears.
There are two types of page numbers:
• System Page Number.
A system page number is assigned by the system
as you create the document or during automatic
pagination. This is the page number that always
appears on the status line when you are in the
regular typing area of a document.
System page numbers are used when the
document begins on page 1 and continues without
interruption to the end of the document. If you
use system page numbers, you should paginate
the document before you print it. The pagination
process removes any inconsistencies in the page
numbers that might have occurred when the
document was created or revised.

Common Text Applications

5·1

INSTRUCTIONS
10 ITEM
a System Page Number
b Page Number

YOUR
CHOICE

POSSIBLE
CHOICES

o= Use Current Page
Number
1· 9999 = Reset Page
Number

When finished with this menu , press ENTER .

I Type 10 letter to choose ITEM; press ENTER: I ~

5·1

Headers and Footers / Help

• Page Number.
A page number is assigned by the operator. It
can begin with any number between 1 and 9999.
Page numbers assigned by the operator are useful
in the following situations:
Your document is a continuation of a previous
document, and the first page must begin with the
next available number. (For example, your
previous document contains 35 pages, and you
want this document to begin on page 36.) In this
case, you go to the special header or footer typing
area from the Create or Revise Document menu,
tab or space to the location where you want your
page number to appear, press INSTR, choose
Page Number, and type the number you want
your document to begin with.
Your document has two or more sections, and you
want each section to begin with page number 1.
In this case, you go to the beginning of the page
where that section of the document begins, press
CHG FMT, go to the special typing area of the
header or footer where your page number
instruction appears, delete the existing page
number instruction symbol, press INSTR, and
choose Page Number = 1.
5. Return to the regular typing area.

Common Text Applications

Headers and Footers / Help

Revising Headers and Footers
To revise headers or footers, follow these steps:
1. Go to the special header or footer typing areas.
If you want to revise a header or footer in the
document (or alternate) format, you must go to the
Create or Revise Document menu. On the other
hand, if you want to revise a header or footer that
you inserted within a document using CHG FMT,
you must find the Format Change code ( Ir ), press
ENTER, and then choose Create or Revise Header
and Footer in the menu that appears.
2. Revise the text of the header or footer as desired.
You can delete or change the text as you would
with any text revisions.
3. Return to the regular typing area.
This ensures that the header/footer information has
been properly stored by the system.
4. Paginate the document.

To create and revise a header and footer, go on to the
Demonstration.

Common Text Applications

5·1

Headers and Footers / Demonstration

DEMONSTRATION
Creating Headers and Footers
In this part of the Demonstration, you will create the
headers and footers for an existing document. (The
headers and footers will remain the same throughout
the document.) The text of the document has already
been typed.

JEFFERSON

DRAFT
Jt:FFFHSON

Some two cen turlt·,.; aft",. 1110: Founding Fat hers

schoi,lrS :l nd univcrsi l\' presse s ,

i n tbi s

.1S('

h.lrd put til .. dlt •• IHI publ ish th .. ir pfoliiF,i0US

Choose Revise to access the following document:
Document name: Jefferson
Diskette name: TRAIN
Follow the steps below to create the headers and footers
like the ones illustrated.

\';11(' , repons The Nc'. " Yor k Times , h;,s
Renj.lmin Franklin ,I t

wil h.1t

Choose Change Header and Footer in the Format
Selection menu.
Choose Create or Revise Header.
Create the header as follows :
Type JEFFERSON beginning at the left margin.

their

Il'l l ~'rs

dr\' ,

t il

inlo r m,lt ion . ;1 1"02 sti li

t·tlrr~·sp(l!l(t~·rH." ~·.

b~'cn

turnillg ,'u t

th~' PdP~'r:-

the (.1((' 01 .'nc volum£,.l ve;H lor .'1 \'(,;IrS--

]Cdst ]0 more volum;:>" still

t ('

come .

H. l rv st i ll
BefittinF,

the " father of his cou ntry . " he turn ed o ut the 11lrgest body of
cor resp ondence of any of his com patri ots . c(>mprising some 100 . 000 \(('ms .

Of course , scholarly wo rk , wit h i t s train of c itat i OllS and
cross-re ferences .

i s n('c e ss.1rily slo.....

And budget cutbacks by the

Administrat ion are expec te d t o impede t hese p r oj e c ts st i II

fu rt her.

But

at P r inceton Univer s it y , Thomas Jefferson -- Presiden t, educator ,
political philosopher , architect , gentleman iarme r and himself a fount
o f useful

inven ti ons -- i s getting he l p fr om the comput er .

In a 10.... er floor office at the Firestone Library . Cha rle s T .
Cullen , wh o got his Ph . D. a t

the University o f Virgin i a , ....,hich Jef ferson

founded and whose colonnaded campus he designed , presides as the present
edi t o r of the Jef fers o n Papers .

A ta ll. poised , aristocratic man , he

mi ght have s tepped ou t of tha t most clv i 1 ized of centurie s in ....·hich his
subj ect

lived .

It seems in congruous, therefore , when he s trides t o a

4/5/83

Common Text Applications

Headers and Footers / Demonstration

Press TAB until the cursor is in position 73 on the
scale line.
Type DRAFT
Press ENTER to return to the Header and Footer
menu.
Choose Create or Revise Footer.
Create the footer as follows:
Press TAB and the space bar until the cursor is in
the center position on the scale line.
Press INSTR.
Choose System Page Number.
This tells the system to print sequential page numbers
throughout the document.
You will see the code

Press TAB until the cursor is in position 73 on the
scale line.
Type 4/ 5/83

Common Text Applications

5·1

Headers and Footers / Demonstration

Press ENTER to return to the Header and Footer
menu.
Check for conflicts in the Header and Footer menu
and the Page Format menu.
Conflicts can occur in two places: between the first
header line and the first typing line of text and between
the last typing line of text and the first footer line.
In this Demonstration, the:
First header line = 3
First typing line = 7
Last typing line = 60
First footer line = 63
There are no conflicts.
Go to the regular typing area.

JEFFERSON

".J ~,,"., '1'

I .. " .

,"p

.., ","
p,'

Paginate and print your document and compare it with
the one on the right.

DRAFT

JEFFERSON

., ' " . "

t" , •.• I

'Ior

\" " '~""

~,~

,.,-, " .
r'"

t ••

, . .. 'r·

'r"'·' . ", I
,

DRAFT

,~ •. ,.,

'" II"

, . " ......

.-._ ..t,,,
., .

""~."","

,,>t, , ....""

- "" n , .. ,,,''' •

.• , .

~.W.'

.,,' to.

"'l,"'-' .'-·!"""

t .. ~",

••

t·"

,,'

" .. to e,' 1 ,~t."'

In ..

! .. " I .

4 /5/83

4/5/83

Common Text Applications

Headers and Footers / Demonstration

Revising Headers and Footers
To prepare the final version you will delete DRAFT
from the header.
Choose Revise to access the following document:
Document name: Jefferson
Diskette name: TRAIN
Choose Change Document Format in the Create or
Revise Document menu.
Choose Change Header and Footer in the Format
Selection menu.
Choose Create or Revise Header.
Move the cursor under the D in DRAFT.
Delete DRAFT.
Press ENTER until you return to the regular typing
area.
Paginate and print your document.

Common Text Applications

5·1

Headers and Footers / Demonstration

Compare your document with the one illustrated.

J EFF ERSON
s into a cha i r under a Jefferson port r aIt by

JEFFER SON

Some

t ... o

is finger s ove r the keyboard of a comput er

mOTe than a pa SSi ng acquaintance .... ith

c enturies after the Founding Fathers penned their letters

with quills that had t o be sha rpened and ink that loIa s slo.... to dry ,

post a s edi t o r o f the Jo hn Marshall Papers a t

scholars and univer si ty pres s e s , in thi s age o f information, a r e s till

encour .1 ged by a friend .... h o taught computer

hard put to edit and publish their prodigious corres pondenc e .

needed programing help . he app l ied ... "".1 ....
K'l"V"~ , .• ,.,".1 "'d..... 11 .~~pl~ "'" .., ••• ~u, h
"",.Id .'I... ,,,... ,

ft.

""'.... ,.'1'.", .... '.

R.,., .. " •. •• ,h '01'1"".,,," .t,. , •• d" ,"'''' .. ,.'''''.,. n .... " u •• " h...
""" .• 10•.,p~I".n' . • ,' "1'1, ••" •• _" .... 1'1' .." ...... ".".'d
'_",.n .• ' R.m',

.opl.'n~

" ... , .. ,,' ,r.dll •• qu, ..... nr., b.'n,. <4,4. " 'll

',~.q~: ;::::1~, ,~'7.::::,:.';~ 7~; ~ L:,; n: n~~~..!: :,I,~ :,~ :.~: ,:::~: '..... b"
,.,"'"., '.nl, .... It . . . . . u ,.. ..

.. ....... " ... - ......... , .. ," h. H'~~."·w

"'l'''''''' ," , .... 1 R'n' .. , II l""'"'''' po._n,
• ~.I"M ,,," .... ~f
'~",·,,_I

~,n'

Lon. "".,,,. . . . . . , u •• "I

",II "'u"

11.<,.,

,.d."n

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I . " I, J . . "rI~ ' ... " .... 1 J'n'
I·" pu ••" ' . ' ' ' ' ,dYM", ... ,on. ,II
.' , ..,.. , • • , · ...I1."ld." v"'· .... ~., •. ~~~ .~pl.<. " o" . .. ~, .. ~ub.lt' .. ~ b.

I . .: <:":::l:,; ~!!!! n~ ::~!~ d:::

::~: ~ ':~, :~:,,', ;'7~! ,,~~~"':~:: ~ .~ ,~:; ~~ ~:
•• M '"

,.h·n' "

",."."

Go on to the next page for feedback.

Common Text Applications

".~

'.f. 01 .,_
'~'<."I'" ' .... ", 'h,~.
~ ... """"n no·"", '0 ,h. ",h ••

_"_,1 I '~ ... 'n 'n .. ",,,.
", ...·.• 1',·' ,1..,11 ~. , .. ,,,· w.·~ ,.. ,

_.",

.·~,h

d~':"

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,,, • • n In" .. 1

:, ~·.:7~~::~.:~:,:~~:·::~:,,;~ I....' ~"

d,vo

p."" ,,'

'hr

5·1

Headers and Footers / Feedback

FEEDBACK 1
If your document appears different from the one on
the previous page, check the following:

o
o
o

o
o

You should have created the header and footers
as part of the document format.
The cursor should have been positioned in the footer
using the TAB key and the space bar, not with
the cursor movement keys.
After positioning the cursor, you should have
pressed INSTR.
You should have chosen System Page Number in
the Instructions menu.
Did you compare the settings in the Header and
Footer menu with the other format settings to avoid
conflicts?

A second Self-Test follows. This Self-Test will give
you practice in revising a header.

Common Text Applications

Headers and Footers / Self-Test

5·1

SELF-TEST 2
To prepare the final version of the Credit Card
Program, the word DRAFT will be deleted from the
header.

CREDIT CARD PROGRAM
.".«

T~ . . .. ' . . . . M 010.'1 ,~ ... ,~ ,n
. ~~ .".rut . . . .".11 b. . . ".".4

• Revise the header by deleting DRAFT.
• Paginate and print your document and compare it
with the one illustrated.

"'nlM

1", on

."",.1 .... 01 U.
. 0' "''

10 ....«uoh . 'H •• 01

.~ 'u

CREDIT CARD PROGRAM

"'.n"' .....

,,,n.\ .. n'

N.. ,
~
,,,,II •• , ~lt., . . ,
p',,'" t. ,h. I ,.4" .old
on4 '0 ...... In "btu. n. ~ •• 41, 14 .. , ",,~ ...·nl " , .... t" .... , ' .
p. <>w, •• d 'ho, .1\ . " . .. ,,,,,,, .... ,,.1 •• I"I,n,hIP' ,,,,o,d,nl ' h

~'o.,..

tI,.

"""., .h,P ond ...... ,.1 ,, • • ,, ,.'.0 .n.11 b.' " 'II,
•• n~.

HI,n", .. ., -.,

' . t .gaol

,.,n. \

I.~ '

.n., I

.up~'"

~.n~ " "h urn .ppl.,.,.,," on.
"no. ... un tn •• ppl'UnI

~.,

.. p<>" ,.quo-"

I ,,,ld '''' ",n.l
bY I ... , 1.ld

..dL! 'n''' ..... ' ",n n• .,p., ,.n.,

CREDIT CARD PROGRAM

~I,n
~n <".,_r •.

t,_ ...".
~

Ir~

•.

:!! ::':~!d~~n:::~~ ..~~~;; I:: ' ~:;: I::. ::=~~d ~:~ I:':: l .~~.

"'Ih~' ... '~ 'IQnal

B.,, _ ..... 11

.ppl "., '''"

.. Uh ,n. ~ppll'."'.

~ll

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,~qu~.'

'~."~Id .'~I ,,,,,~I

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.ppl I,.nc ...... 1 b • • pp."".d h

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II .... 1. ,.4" ,.qu, ..... ", •.
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b. ",,, .. d. H""..... .o n••
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~

..,' ~Iv

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'h~

' .. ~r" .. <14.,

,<>d .. on,'

,. ~t In"

... " ,,,,nt, ... ,11

Common Text Applications

., .Ior

"~, .. ,:'"

,."d~

I, • • ",

",··,.,,,n.n,,·d" •

,,· .. oLn ,,,.. ""'P""Y ,,'

~ ...

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o. loouo •• hln l ..... 0 1.
~""Qft

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~ .. .1 0 ,..

for ",,'poou 01 ,cI.n. II 'utl on • • 11

5·2

Alternating Headers and Footers / Help

1. Choose Change Document Format in the Create
or Revise Document menu.
You will usually create alternating headers and
footers in the document format.
2. Choose Change Alternating Headers and Footers
in the Format Selection menu.
The Alternating Headers and Footers menu
appears. It is similar to the regular Header and
Footer menu you used in the previous segment,
except that you have two headers and two footers
to deal with.
3. Make the following selections in the Alternating
Headers and Footers menu, as needed:
• Create or Revise Odd Pages Header
• Create or Revise Even Pages Header
• Create or Revise Odd Pages Footer
• Create or Revise Even Pages Footer
The point here is to create each of your headers
or footers, or both, in the special typing area where
it belongs. The order in which you create them is
not significant.

AlTERNATING HEADERS AND FOOTERS
ID ITEM

c
d
e
f

g
h

YOUR POSSIBLE
CHOICE CHOICES

Create or Revise Odd Pages Header
Create or Revise Even Pages Header
First Header line
3
Print Headers On
1
Create or Revise Odd Pages Footer
Create or Revise Even Pages Footer
First Footer line
Print Footers On

63
1

1-999
1 = All Pages
2 = All But First Page

2-999

1 =All Pages
2 =All But First Page

When finished with this menu, press ENTER.

IType 10 letter to choose ITEM; press Eili!!J ~

Common Text Applications

Alternating Headers and Footers / Help

4. Type the header or footer in each of the four typing
areas provided, as necessary.
Within each of the special typing areas, the same
rules apply as when you type regular headers and
footers:
• Auto Carrier Return is set to Off and Adjust
Line Endings is set to No.
• Lines are single-spaced.
• Margins and tabs for the headers and footers are
those currently in effect for the document.
• You may type up to 256 characters in the header
or footer typing areas.
• To print page numbers, use INSTR.
After you have created all headers and footers , press
ENTER to return to the Alternating Headers and
Footers menu.
5. After creating all of your headers and footers, make
the necessary changes in:
• First Header Line
• Print Headers On
• First Footer Line
• Print Footers On

Common Tex t Applications

. 5·2

5·2

Alternating Headers and Footers / Help

Do this in the same way as you did regular headers
and footers.
Be sure to check the settings for the first and last
typing lines to avoid conflicts in settings.
6. Go to the regular document typing area to make
sure that your instructions have been entered into
the system.
Printing Page Numbers Using System Page Numbers
The procedure for printing alternating page numbers
using system page numbers is similar to the procedure
for printing page numbers you learned in the last
segment.
You must, however, type entries in both odd pages
and even pages typing areas if you want page numbers
to appear on all pages.
The Print Headers/Footers On item in the
Alternating Headers and Footers menu determines
which page the header/footer should begin printing
on.

ALTERNATING HEADERS AND FOOTERS
ID ITEM

YOUR POSSIBLE
CHOICE CHOICES

b
1· 999
1 = All Page s
2 = All But First Page

Create or Revise Odd Pages Footer
Create or Revise Even Pagl l ]ooter
First Footer line
Print Footers On

63
1

2· 999
1 All Pages
2 = All But First Page

When finished with this menu, press ENTER.

IType 10 leUer to choose ITEM; press ENTER: I ~

Common Text Applications

Alternating Headers and Footers / Help

Printing Page Numbers of Your Choice
If you choose to print page numbers other than the
system page numbers, type the number that you want
to print first using the Page Number item in the
Instruction menu. Type the same number in both the
odd pages header/footer typing area and the even pages
header/footer typing area.
The number that you choose for Page Number
determines whether the odd or even header or footer
will be used first. If you type an odd number, the odd
page header/footer will be used first. If you type an
even number, the even page header/footer will be used
first.

Common Text Applications

5·2

Alternating Headers and Footers / Help

Examples of Printing Page Numbers

Odd
Header

If you want page numbers beginning with the page
number 2 to print on all pages, choose the following:
Even Header: Page Number 2 in the Instructions
menu
Odd Header: Page Number 2 in the Instructions
menu
Even Header: Print on All Pages in the Alternating
Headers and Footers menu
Odd Header: Print on All Pages in the Alternating
Headers and Footers menu

~
Eyen
Hea der

I
~

Common Text Applications

Alternating Headers and Footers / Help

If you want all but the first page of a document
to have a page number, starting with page number I,
choose the following:
Even Header: Page Number 1 in the Instructions
menu
Odd Header: Page Number 1 in the Instructions
menu

Even Header: Print on All but First Page in the
Alternating Headers and Footers menu
Odd Header: Print on All but First Page in the
Alternating Headers and Footers menu

Odd
Page
Header

Even

Page
I Header

TABLE
OF

CONTENTS

I
Common Text Applications

5 -2

5·2

Alternating Headers and Footers / Help

To revise or delete alternating headers or footers,
go to the appropriate header or footer typing area,
then revise or delete as you would any text.
Alternating headers and footers can be tailored to
meet your document needs in the same way as headers
and footers. This can be done using the Alternate
Format function or the Change Format function, or
both.
You can, of course, create as many sets of alternating
headers and footers as you wish, but remember that
all the format settings must be compatible. If you must
use more than three sets of alternating headers and
footers, you should create more than one document
for your material.

Go on to the Demonstration.

Common Text Applica tions

Alternating Headers and Footers / Demonstration

5·2

DEMONSTRATION
In this Demonstration you will add alternating headers
and footers to a document that will be a bound
manuscript. Historical Papers has a title page and a
Table of Contents. The text begins on page 3. The
headers and footers will begin on page 2, the Table
of Contents page. The headers and footers will appear
as illustrated.
When the pages are set facing each other, the odd
page on the right and the even page on the left, the
document will look like a bound book.

Jeffe r son

, - - - - - - " - - - - - - - - - - - ,_

16 .., .. .

' 0""', o.. r1 u

Common Text Applications

\/hllo

HI STORICAL PAPERS

5·2

Alternating Headers and Footers / Demonstration

Choose Revise to access the following document,
stopping at the Create or Revise Document menu:
Document name: Historical Papers
Diskette name: TRAIN
Choose Change Document Format in the Create or
Revise Document menu.
Choose Change Alternating Headers and Footers in
the Format Selection menu.
Choose Create or Revise Even Pages Header.
Type the even page header, HISTORICAL PAPERS,
starting at the left margin.
Press ENTER to return to the Alternating Headers
and Footers menu.
Choose Create or Revise Odd Pages Header.
Tab to position 73 on your scale line and type Jefferson
Press ENTER to return to the Alternating Headers
and Footers menu.

Common Text Applications

Alternating Headers and Footers / Demonstration

Choose Create or Revise Odd Pages Footer.
Go to position 88 on the scale line.
Press INSTR and choose System Page Number.
Press ENTER to return to the Alternating Headers
and Footers menu.
Choose Create or Revise Even Pages Footer.
Press INSTR at the left margin. Choose System Page
Number.
Press ENTER to return to the Alternating Headers
and Footers menu.
Choose Print Headers On and set Your Choice to All
But First Page.
Choose Print Footers On and set Your Choice to All
But First Page.
Press ENTER enough times to go to the regular typing
area.

Common Text Applications

5·2

Alternating Headers and Footers / Demonstration

End the document, then paginate it. Print your
document and compare it with the document
illustrated.

Jeffe r son

HI STORICAL PA PE RS

Y ~l~ .

'~P"'"

fl,,'

,.~

!.!.. ;~ .

~"S ~ ••• "

' ,,,nLnK out . h

p~r~r.

Common Text Applications

Alternating Headers and Footers / Demonstration

5·2

HI STORICAL PAPERS
In 'h. I.lb u. y 01

Co n~ . .. .

ond .h. UnL Ye r.\I. 0 1 Vlr.tn l •.

c_pu •• " n , h . l l b u U , Cull "n."nd • • dt,,,d,n • • ' • • •

nlco<,,,,,"

Jeff erso n
\l lIh ,h. help 01,10 • • ' ''1'1 • ••• h. Prlnce.on Un ,vu .1 the advlC" O! C . Ca r son Con r ad ,
t!xccutive director of the President ' s Council on Phy~ical Fitne ss , "' ho
says , "Our resear ch sho.... s that .... hether yOu run three miles . jog three
miles , run and .... alk three miles or just .... a1k three mile s doesn ' t ma ke
any difference as long as you do it at a pace of under IS minutes per
mile . "
Walking is ea!>v . Anvone can do it.
If you .... alk. fast enou gh , at a
vigo r ous and regulated pace, you can still achieve the kind of
cardiorespi rat ory tllness that doctors consider important in preventin g
heart disease.
Running. on the other hand. especially If you are a beginner . can
lead to all kinds 01 back . body and knee injuries.

5·3

Reformatting a Document / Exercise

Page 3
Walking -- who needs it?
Cou l d be we all do. I.'hether ....e're driving to the co r ner for the
paper O f plunked dolom in front of TV, [00 !llany Ameri cans are finding
that their get up and go has got up and gone . They ' ve become , in a
wo r d. sedenta r y .
Says Jea n Mayer in A Diet for Living. "A lthough Ameri c ans genera lly
have been getting fatter and fatter ove r the last 70 yea r s , the
surprising fac t is t hat people today actually eat le ss food and get
fe wer calo ries than they did in 1900 . The only possible exp ];watl on
must be inactivity . "
Racquet sports had
Exe r c ise trends can be as faddish as diets.
their vogue . Now run n ing and jogging are "in" but. interesti ngl y , more
people sta rt running tha n keep running.
( Ma ybe they run out of stea m. )
Walking, on t he o th e r hand, is as natural as breathing.
Ever,body does
it.
Il ousewlve s ave rag e six miles a day Just \.ta lking around the house.
And office \.torkers \.talk t\.to and half miles on their daily rounds .
Doc t o r s advise walking )0 minutes con tinuousl y to maintain a
reasonable level of cardiores pirat o r y fitness.
Even t ually increasing
your \.talk t o an hour a day - - cove r ing three and a half to four miles -is even better .
Walking ma y la c k the cac het of tennis , but t\.tO out of the thr ee
Ameri ca ns \.tho exercise at all do so by \.tal king. That means some 4 6
million o f us \.talk regularly to get -- o r keep -- in shape.

Page 2

No s weat, relatively s peaking
Walking may la c k glaroour. No Boston marathons . No c at c hy s logan s on T- s hirt s .
walking is:
I.
Safe and natural. You ca n -- and should -- begin s l owly and
inc r ease yo ur tempo and distance however mu ch you de s ire .
2.
Therapeutic .
It c illn s trengthen your heart and lungs , redu(:e
stre ss , e liroinate heada Che s and lower backaches and improve
sleep. Oh, yes, and help you lose weigh t, too .
).
E(:on omical. You don't need fancy sports clothes, s pecial
equipment o r a c lub membership. The only essentials are
comf ortable shoes and l oos e-£ it t ing cloth lng.
4.
Noncompetitive, unskilled and totally individualistic. You
set y our OW'O pace. Of course, the faster you walk , the more
c alorie s you bu rn . A brisk walk burns up )00 ca l ories. A
Wake Forest Unive r sity s tud y f o und that walking four mile s an
hour burns as many calories as jogging at the same pa ce.
S.
Conve nient. You can do it on your lun c h hour , at home , in
airports -- just about anywhere. And walkers, unlike runners ,
don't have to warm up . cool doW'O , s hower and c hange.

But

Common Text Applications

Reformatting a Document / Exercise

If your document doesn't match the one illustrated,
did you remember to:
D Change the document format in the Create or
Revise Document menu?
D Press FIND, CHG FMT, and ENTER to locate
the Page Format Change code on page 2, and then
change Line Spacing to Single?
D Press FIND and ENTER to locate the Line Format
Change code on page 2 and change Line Spacing
to Single?

To practice reformatting a document on your own, go
on to the Self Test that follows.

Common Text Applications

5·3

Reformatting a Document / Se/f-Test

SELF-TEST
In this Self-Test you will reformat the illustrated
document. Change the line format to single spacing
for the entire document. Paginate and print the
document.
Choose Revise to access the following document:
Document name: Making of a Reader
Diskette name: TRAIN

Common Tex t Applications

Reformatting a Document / Self-Test

Page 1

5·3

Page 2
THE MAKING OF A REAI)f.R

Parent's Guide t o Child r en's Read!n . believes that early conver s at i on
Is cnldaJ to la t er reading s kill s:
"Manv children. a r e already on the road

In a great man y college s t oday . nearly 50 percent of every f reshman
c la ss require some f o rm o f remedial Engli s h .

n·adlng failure when the y enter first grade .

What went wrong f o r t he se

tea c..hing method I s used , it will be Impossible for

Educators and professional evaiu<.Itors say tha t the r oot of the
problem is reading :
nor a s mu c h .

some ch i Idrcn to ca t ch up.

child r en afe nOt reading as \Jell as the\' used to,

Dec I in i ng S . A. T . sco re s po i n 1 t o reduced

in one s impl f' wnrn:

not get before the>' ca me t o school . "
[)r.

"nde r exposure.

This gloomy ne .... s makes pa r en t s eager t o reve r se the trend , t C' rai se
child ren

1011\0 .... ill

Begin earlY.

be readers.

Among the toys. sav educa t ors . should be sever,.. 1

The goal is t wofold :

t o make book s a pleasurable part

of I if e from the beginning , and t o have early voc abulary g r o w from

A fe w minutes a t a time.

sp read over the ea rl y months . parents can

teach dozens of loIo rd s from playpen books t o babie s . IoI ho are , litera!l \' ,
born mimics .

By the time

ch ild is 1 t o 2 years old , he can be reading

hb books -- saying the 1oI0 rd s o ut loud t o a s tuffed bea r.

He 101'1 II have

Keep talking .

One - 1Jord sounds are a baby ' s language .

cook ie is enough of a conve rsa t ion

summon up a cookie .

Fo r him.
Of ten he 1Jil l

o rder tar more coo kie s than he wants , j u s t because he loves t he sound of
voice and the voice in reply .

Nan cy Larri c k , autho r of

For Feedback, go on to the next page.

Common Text Applications

Speech therapis t s

often need to see ho .... wo rd s are fo rmed by watching the

moveme nts 01 a paren t' s longue and lip!> .
Most important
discussions .

all , gro .... ing chi ld re n are proud to be included in

They aren 't tuss), about topics eIther : the ir need fo r

conve rsati on is t oo g r etH .
As soon a s a child will si t s till and l ook at pictures

(usually around 11 t o 18 months), parents !>hould begin r eading aloud.
At first . reading sessions should be on 1\' a fe .... minutes . say preschool
teachers .

fe1J lines of text per page are plent\" until t he child is !.

to t. years old and demands more s t o r y .
I f the s t o rie S are really good , then everyone ha s

go tten the idea -- books are fun.

Oloffi

babie~

Read aloud .

books .

his

t..-.r ri ck urges parents t o talk freq\lently with their child r e n

and t o co rre c t their p r nnu n c i ati on when necessary .
add that

Let us count the .. avs.

The road to r eading begins in childhood -- in the

playpen . to be exact .
playpen books.

But ho .... ?

Th ev rn..1y rema in read I ng

cripples al l through school because of I.·hat they did

language sk ill s .

but an English professor at Dartmou t h believes that the problem can be
su mmed up

mliller what the t en c her docs . no m.1tte r what

st\ldents?

good story deserves a good delivery .
d ramati cs .

fun.

,\lso . a

Reading aloud c all s for a fel.·

Librarians polled by Dr. Larrick say that children prefer a

so ft voice , a sligh t ly mvs t eri ous tone . as though [here .... e re a sec ret t o
impart .

5·3

Reformatting a Document / Feedback

FEEDBACK
Your document should look like the illustrated
document. If it doesn't, did you remember to:

o
o

Change to single spacing before you entered the
typing area?
Press FIND, CRG FMT, then ENTER to find the
Line Format Change code on page 2 of the
document?

THE MAKING OF A READER

In a great many colle g es coday , nearly SO percent o f eve r y freshman
c lass require some form of r emedial Eng ! ish . Ilhat .... ent wr ong fo r these
s tudents ?
Educators and professi o nal evalu.Hors 5."1)' that the roo t of the
problem is reading:
children 3ft' not reading a s well as they used to ,
no r as lIIuch . Dec I1n ing S . A. T . scores po I nr t o r educed language sk ills .
but an Eng\ ish professor at Dartmou th belleves that the problem can be
summe d up in one s impl e \lo r d: und e rexposure .
Thi s gl oomy ne1.l's makes parents eager t o reverse the trend . to rai se
c hildren who will be readers.
But how? Le t us count the loIays.
Begin ea rl y . The road to reading begins in childhood -- in the
playpen, to be exact. Among the toys, s a y ed u cato r s . shou l d be several
playpen b09k.s. Th e goal is tlolo f old:
to make boo ks a pleasu rable part
of life f r o m the beginning, and t o have early vocabulary gro \J from
book s .
A few minutes at a time , spread ove r the ea r ly months , parents can
teach dozens of \Jo rd s from playpen boo k s to babies , who are , li tera ll y ,
born mimi cs .
By the time a child I s 1 t o 2 yea r s o ld , he c an be r eading
his books -- s aying the wo rd s o ut l o ud t o a s tuffed bear . He wi ll have
gotten the idea - - books are fun.
Keep ta I king . One - wo rd sound s a re a baby ' s language .
For him ,
coo kie I s enough of a co nver s ati o n t o s ummo n up a coo k ie . Of ten he will
o rder far more coo k ies than he want s , just because he l o v es the sound of
his o wn voice and the voice in r e pl y . Nan cy Larrick , author of A
Parent ' s Guide t o Children ' s Reading, be l ieves that early convers ation
is c ruci,d to later reading s kil ls:
"Hany child r en are al r eady on the road t o
reading failure whe n the y enter first grade . No
matter \J hat the teacher does . no matt e r \Jhat
t e a ch ing metho d is used , it \Ji ll be im pnssible for
some children t o c at ch up. They rna)' remain reading
crippl e s all throu gh sc hoo l because of what the y did
not ge t bef o re they ca me to school ."
Dr. Larr i c k urges parent s t o talk frequently with their child ren
and to co rre c t their pronun c iati on when nece ssa r y . Speech therapi sts
add that babies often need t o see ho w \Jo rd s are formed by wat ching the
movements of a parent' s tongue a nd I ips .
Most important of all , growing children are proud to be included in
discussions . They aren't fussy about topi cs ei ther ; their need for
conversat i o n is t oo great .
Read aloud . As soon a s a child will sit stil l and look at pictures
(usually around 12 t o 18 months ), p.1fents s ho uld begin reading aloud.
At firs t, r eadi ng sessions should be only a fe w minutes . say presch ool
teachers . A fe w lines of text pe r page a re plenty until the c hild i s 2
t o 4 years old a nd demands more story .
If the stories are really good , then everyone has fun . Also , a
good s t o ry deserves a goo d de 11 ve ry.
Read ing a loud ca lis f or a f ew
dramati cs.
Librarians polled by Dr. Larri c k say that ch ildren prefer a
sof t voice , a slightly mysterious tone, as though there we r e a secret to
impart.

If you had trouble, review the segment and try the SelfTest again.

Common Text Applications

The Alternate Format

Prerequisites:
You must have completed
Lesson 1 of this unit

You have already learned how to change
the document format settings to meet your
requirements. You have also learned how
to change the format within a document.
Sometimes you will want to use a second
format frequently within a document.
For example: a table may be repeated
several times, you may need to change
paper size, or you may need to set up a
format for an envelope.
The Displaywriter allows you to create
and store an alternate format in addition
to the document format. Then, each time
you need this second format, you can access
it by a simple instruction.
Your goal for this segment is to be able
to create a document using a document
format and an alternate format.

Common Text Applications

5·4

The Alternate Format / Main Idea

MAIN IDEA
An alternate format may be created and used when
you have a second format that appears frequently in
a document.
The alternate format must be used for a full page.
If the second format you need is not required for a
full page, you must make a format change within the
document by using the CHG FMT key.
There are two different procedures involved in
creating a document using a document format and an
alternate format. The first is setting up the alternate
format for your document. The second is using the
alternate format in the body of the document.
To set up an alternate format, use the following
procedure:
1. Choose Change Alternate Format in the Create or
Revise Document menu.
2. Change the appropriate format settings in the
Format Selection menu.
Once you are in the typing area of the document,
you can use your alternate format settings by following
this procedure:
1. Press PAGE END if your cursor is not already
at the beginning of a page.
2. Press CHG FMT.
3. Choose Begin Using Alternate Format in the
Format Selection menu.
4. Type the text that uses the alternate format.

Common Text Applications

The Alternate Format / Main Idea

To return to the document format :
1. Press PAGE END if your cursor is not already
at the beginning of a page.
2. Press CHG FMT.
3. Choose Begin Using Document Format in the
Format Selection menu.
4. Type the text that uses the document format.

If you have enough information about the alternate
format, go on to the Demonstration. If you need more
detail, go on to the Help that follows.

Common Text Applications

5-4

5·4

The Alternate Format / Help

HELP
The alternate format is used when you have a second
format that appears frequently within a document.
Using an alternate format is similar to making a format
change in that you are using a format that is an
exception to the document format. For example, you
may have a document with wide tables that requires
a change from 8 ~ x 11 in. paper to 11 x 8 ~ in. paper.
Or, you may be sending out letters with envelopes.
Using an alternate format differs from making a
format change, however, in that the alternate format
must be used for a full page of the document. If you
need to change format settings within a page, you must
do so by making a format change, rather than by using
the alternate format.
The alternate format also differs from making a
format change in that the alternate format is set up
at the beginning of the document, while you are still
in the Create or Revise Document menu.
If you have two document formats that you use
often in your work, you might want to personalize
the alternate format on your program diskette. Then,
every time you create a document, you will have the
personalized alternate format already available to you
if you need it. For more information on personalizing
your program diskette, see Diskettes, Lesson 3,
Segment 1.

Use alternate format for:

Letters and envelopes

1
r-r-r-r-r-r-r-r-3

2
1

Statistical tables

Common Text Applications

The Alternate Format / Help

5·4

To set up an alternate format, use the following
procedure:
1. Choose Change Alternate Format in the Create or
Revise Document menu.
You set up the alternate format in the same way
that you set up the document format. First, you
must go to the Create or Revise Document menu.
Then, choose Change Alternate Format.
2. Change the appropriate format settings in the
Format Selection menu.
Move through the menus. These menus are the same
as the menus you use in setting up the document
format. Make the appropriate changes in the
document format settings.

CREATE OR REVISE DOCUMENT
10 ITEM

YOUR
CHOICE

POSSIBLE
CHOICES

a
b
c
\I

1 =Yes 2 =No

Document Comment
Change Document Format
C~ange Alternate Format
P'-e~efVe Pige Num ers

When finished with this menu, press ENTER.
: Type 10 leller to choose ITEM; press ENTER: : ~

Common Text Applications

5·4

The Alternate Format / Help

Once you are in the typing area of the document,
you can use your alternate format settings by following
this procedure:
1. Press PAGE END if your cursor is not already
at the beginning of a page.
Before you can use the alternate format, you must
move the cursor to the beginning of a page, either
by creating a new page at that point in the
document, or by going to the beginning of the first
typing line of a page that already exists in the
document. You can type as many pages as you want
after each format change.
2. Press CHG FMT.
When you press CRG FMT, a Format Selection
menu appears. Notice that this menu is different
from the Format Selection menu you reach through
the Create or Revise Document menu. This menu
has some additional choices in it. The last two
choices are the ones you use to select your alternate
format (or your original format) when you need
it.
3. Choose Begin Using Alternate Format in the
Format Selection menu.
Choosing Begin Using Alternate Format tells the
system that you plan to use the alternate format.
As soon as you make your selection, the system
automatically returns to the typing area.
4. Type the text that uses the alternate format.

FORMAT SELECTION
10

ITEM

Change
Change
Change
Change
Change

e
f

Line Format
Margins and Tabs
Page Format
Header and Footer
Alternating Headers anq Footers

Return All Formats to Starling Choice
Return Line Format, Marpins and Tabs to Starling Choice
Return Typestyle to Starlmg Choice

When finished with this menu, press ENTER.

IType 10 leiter to choose ITEM; pre~ IJ

Common Text Applications

The Alternate Format / Help

5·4

To return to the document format:
1. Press PAGE END if your cursor is not already
at the beginning of a page.
2. P ress CHG FMT.
The Format Selection menu appears.
3. Choose Begin Using Document Format in the
Format Selection menu.
This tells the system you plan to use the document
format. As soon as you make your selection, the
system automaticall y returns to the typing area.
4. Type the text that uses the document format.

FORMAT SELECTION
10

ITEM
Change
Change
Change
Change
Change

Line Format
Margins and Tabs
Page Format
Header and Footer
Alternating Headers and Footers

Return All Formats to Starting Choice
Return Line Format, Marpins and Tabs to Starting Choice
Return Typestyle to Startmg Choice
Begin Usi ng Docu ment Format
Begin Using Alternate Format

When finished with this menu, press ENTER.

I Type

Common Text Applications

10 leller to choose ITEM; press ENTER: i ~

5·4

The Alternate Format / Help

You can switch back and forth between the two
formats as often as you want. If your last page is in
the alternate format, it is not necessary to switch back
to the document format before ending the document.
If you select Begin Using Document Format or
Begin Using Alternate Format by mistake, and you
have already started typing in the typing area, you
can delete the Start Document Format code ( II )
or the Start Alternate Format code ( II ) as you would
delete any code.
Note: If you decide to change your alternate format
settings after you have entered your Start Alternate
Format code ( II ), you must be sure to paginate before
printing. Otherwise, the system may not incorporate
your changes to the alternate format on all following
pages.
For further information on when to use alternate
format, see Segment 5 of this lesson.

To use the alternate format, go on to the Demonstration.

Common Text Applications

The Alternate Format / Demonstration

DEMONSTRATION
In this Demonstration you will use an alternate format
to create a business envelope in a document. (This
document already contains the business letter that will
be mailed in the envelope.)
You will make the following selections in the
appropriate menus:
• Left Margin at 48
• First Typing Line at 13
• Last Typing Line at 20
• Paper or Envelope Size = 241.3 x
104. 8 mm (9.5 x 4.13 in.)
Choose Revise to access the following document:
Document name: Smith Letter
Diskette name: TRAIN
Choose Change Alternate Format in the Create or
Revise Document menu before going to the regular
typing area.
The Format Selection menu appears.
Choose Change Margins and Tabs.
The Margins and Tabs menu appears.
Place your cursor at the left margin and use the space
bar to move the margin to 48.

Common Text Applications

5·4

The Alternate Format / Demonstration

Press ENTER.
The Format Selection menu appears.
Choose Change Page Format.
The Page Format menu appears.
Set First Typing Line at 13.
Set Last Typing Line at 20.
Set Paper or Envelope Size at 241.3 x 104. 8 mm
(9.5 x 4.13 in.).
If you are using a 5218 or 5228 Printwheel Printer

with a sheet-feed paper handler, change the Printing
Paper Source to Manual Feed.
Press ENTER.
The Format Selection menu appears.
Go to the typing area.
The Smith Letter appears on the screen. Imagine that
you have just finished typing it.
Move your cursor to the Page End code at the end
of the letter.

Common Text Applications

The Alternate Format / Demonstration

Press PAGE END.
You are now at the beginning of the first typing line
on page 2. This "page" will be given the alternate
format, so you can use it to print your business
envelope.
Press CHG FMT.
The Format Selection menu appears.
Choose Begin Using Alternate Format.
When you press ENTER, the system automatically
returns to the typing area.
Now type the following address:
Mr. R. L. Smith
Executive Towers
2003 South Canal Street
New Orleans, LA 70230
End the document.
Print the letter and envelope.
If you have a 5218 or 5228 Printwheel Printer with
a sheet-feed paper handler, refer to Printing, Lesson 1,
Segment 3, to manually load the envelope.

To use the alternate format on your own, go on to the
Self-Test.

Common Text Applications

5·4

~
~

Common Text Applications

The Alternate Format / Self-Test

SELF-TEST
In this Self-Test you will set up an alternate format
in an envelope format.
Choose Revise to access the following document:
Document name: Harrison Letter
Diskette name: TRAIN
• Before going to the typing area, set up the following
alternate format:
Left Margin at 48
First Typing Line at 13
Last Typing Line at 20
Paper or Envelope Size = 241.3 x
104. 8 mm (9.5 x 4.13 in.)
Printing Paper Source = Manual
• Go to the typing area. The following address should
be placed on page 2 of the document in an envelope
format:
Candice Harrison
6755 Bay View Avenue
San Diego, CA 92118
• Print the document and the corresponding envelope.
If you have a 5218 or 5228 Printwheel Printer with
a sheet-feed paper handler, refer to Printing, Lesson
1, Segment 3, to manually load the envelope.

Go on to the Feedback.

Common Text Applications

5-4

5·4

The Alternate Format / Feedback

FEEDBACK

If you had any problems with the Self-Test, ask yourself
these questions:

o
o

Was the cursor in the upper left corner of page 2
when you pressed CHG FMT?
Did you remember to choose Begin Using Alternate
Format in the Format Selection menu before typing
page 2?
Did you accidentally change the document format
instead of the alternate format?

If you had trouble, review the segment and try the SelfTest again.

Common Tex t Applications

Prerequisites:
You must have completed
Diskettes, Lesson 2,
Segment 1, and Lesson 3,
Segment 1; Advanced
Time Savers, Lesson 1,
Segments 2 and 3; Lesson
2, Segments 3 through 5,
and Lesson 4, Segments 1
and 2, of this unit; and the
previous segment in this
lesson

Format Strategies

You have learned how to change the format
settings for a document using Document
Format, Alternate Format, and CHG
FMT. Up to now, you have been changing
these settings one at a time, as needed. In
this segment you will learn how to plan
your formatting strategy so that you can
change all of the settings at once, as often
as you need to.
The Format Strategy Planning Guide
that follows is designed to help you select
the fastest and easiest method of planning
your format strategy for a particular type
of work. After you review this guide, read
the Help for this segment, where these
strategies are explained in detail.
Your goal for this segment is to be able
to plan the appropriate format strategy for
the types of work you will be doing.

Common Text Applications

5·5

Format Strategies / Main Idea

MAIN IDEA
A group of format settings is called a format setup.
The Displaywriter allows you to store, recall, and even
duplicate format setups, once you have created them.
There are four principal ways of storing format
setups for future use:
• In the document or alternate format settings on a
program diskette .
• In the document or alternate format settings of an
otherwise empty document, known as a format
document.
• In the pages of a format library document as a
Format Change code.
• In stored keystrokes using the Keystroke Store
(Textpack 6) function.
When planning your format strategy for a particular
kind of format setup, ask yourself the following
questions:

o
o
o

Will I be using this setup over a long time period?
Will I have to access this setup continuously,
occasionally, or only momentarily as I do this type
of work?
Will I be changing the format setup for:
• an entire document?
• several pages of a document?
• one page or less within a document?
How many different format setups will I be using
within the same document?

The particular format strategy you choose will
depend on your answers to these questions.

Common Text Applications

Format Strategies / Main Idea

USAGE
Long Term

FORMAT STRATEGY PLANNING GUIDE
AMOUNT OF TEXT
AFFECTED

Continuous

Whole document or several
pages
One page or less

Lo ng Term

Occas ional

METHOD

• Program di skette(s) with
perso nali zed settin gs fo r
document and alternate
form ats
• Form at library, containing a
di fferent Format Change
code on each page

Whole doc ument or several
pages
One page or less

• Format doc ument
• Format library , containi ng a
diffe rent Format Change
code on each page

Short Term

Continuous

Whole document or several
pages
One page or less

• Form at document
• Keystroke Store (Tcxtpac k 6)
• Format library, containing a
different Format Change
code on each page

Short Term

Occas ional

Two or more doc uments
Within a single document

• Keystroke Store (Textpac k 6)
• Format Change Codes
duplicated using COpy

Short Term

Momentary

Two or more documents
Within a sing le document

• Keystroke Save
• Format Change codes
duplicated using COpy

To learn more about fo rmatting strategies, go on to
the next page.

Common Text Applications

5·5

5-5

Format Strategies / Help

HELP
Format Setups

You can store, recall, and even duplicate format setups
for use in the future.
For example, you might be asked to prepare a
monthly report that is double-spaced, right-hand
justified, and has system page numbers centered on
the first footer line. This group of settings (plus the
appropriate margins, tabs, and page format choices)
is called a format setup. Once you have stored this
setup, you can use it again and again, every time you
need to prepare a monthly report.
Storing Format Setups
• Document or alternate format settings on a program

diskette.
In Diskettes, Lesson 3, Segment 1, you learned how

to change (or "personalize") the format settings on
your program diskette so that each document you
create with that diskette will already contain two
of your own "personal" format setups (one for the
document format and another for the alternate
format) .
If you want to create more than two setups for use
across different documents, create as many program
diskettes as you need, each containing specific
document and alternate format setups.

Common Text Applications

Format Strategies / Help

• Document or alternate format settings of a format
document.
A format document is a document that contains only
format settings and nothing in the regular typing
area.
Each time the format document is duplicated, all
the formatting information is put in each duplicate
copy. The original format document is used for
duplicating. The copies are used as working
documents.
When naming your original format documents, you
should indicate, either in the document name or in
the comment, that the document is a format
document only. This document should never be used
as a working document.
• Format Change codes in a format library.
A format library is a document containing nothing
but Format Change codes, with each code located
on a separate page. Within the code itself, the various
format settings have been adjusted to the
requirements of that particular setup.
To create a format library, create a document using
any format, go to the regular typing area, and press
CRG FMT at the beginning of the first page. A
Format Selection menu appears. Next, create your
setup, choosing the appropriate settings in the
Format Selection menu. When you are finished, press
ENTER to return to the typing area. Press PAGE
END to go to a new page. At the beginning of page
2, you can create another format setup using CRG
FMT.

Common Text Applications

5·5

Format Strategies / Help

You can continue this process to create any number
of new format setups, adding as many pages as you
wish to your format library.
When you want to retrieve a format setup from a
format library, place your cursor at the location
where you want the setup to appear, and use GET
to retrieve the specific page of the appropriate format
library. The system then gets the page - which,
in this case, contains only the Format Change code,
with all the instructions for that setup in it.
• Keystrokes using Keystroke Store (Textpack 6).
This form of storing setups is useful when you want
to alter some of the settings of a format setup that
is already in place.
For example, you may have two versions of
a monthly report to prepare. One version
contains confidential information, the other is
prepared for general distribution. The word
* * * CONFIDENTIAL * * * must appear in the
headers of the confidential version. You can use
Keystroke Store to store the steps required to
go into the document format of each report, go
to the special header typing area, insert the word
* * * CONFIDENTIAL * * *, and return to the
typing area.

Common Text Applications

Format Strategies / Help

Planning Your Format Strategy
Ask yourself the following questions:
D Will I be using this setup over a long time period?
Will I have to access this setup continuously,
occasionally, or only momentarily?
If you will be using a setup continuously, over a
long time period, you should store it on your
program diskette. Then, each time you create a new
document using that particular program diskette,
your format setups will be correct.
If you need several different setups for several
different types of documents, create additional
program diskettes, each containing a different pair
of format setups (one for the document format and
one for the alternate format).
If you will be using a setup only occasionally, but
over a long time period, you should create a format
document which you can then duplicate as needed.
If you will be using a format setup continuously,
but over a short time period, you should use either
a format document, a set of instructions in
Keystroke Store, or a format library.

Common Text Applications

5·5

Format Strategies / Help

If you will be using a setup only occasionally, and
only for a short time period, you should either store
it in Keystroke Store (Textpack 6) or, if you will
need it only for a few minutes, in Keystroke Save.
Finally, if the setup will be used only within the
document you are currently working on, you can
copy the Format Change code using COPY, and
place it in additional locations within that
document.
D Will I be changing the format setup for:
• An entire document or several pages of a
Document?
If you will be changing the format setups for
an entire document , or for several pages of a
document, you should place the setups in the
document or alternate format.

• One Page or Less Within a Document?
If you will be changing the format setups for a
single page, you should use either the alternate
format or a Format Change code at the very
beginning of that page.
It is always preferable to use document format
and alternate format. However, if you have more
than two format changes for the document, you
must use CHG FMT for some of them.

Common Tex t Applications

Format Strategies / Help

If you will be changing the format setups for
less than one page, you should use a Format
Change code at the beginning of the line or word
where the change occurs.
In general, it is better to use a format library if
you expect to be using this setup over a long
time period. If you will only be using it for a
few days or hours, however, it is usually better
to store the instructions in Keystroke Store
(Textpack 6).

D How many different format setups will I be using
within the same document?
If you will be using only two format setups within
a document, they should be stored in the document
and alternate format settings. If you will be using
three or more format setups, however, the additional
setups must be stored as Format Change codes

( IE: ).
These recommended strategies for storing and
recalling format setups are not hard-and-fast rules.
They are guidelines designed to help you find the fastest
and easiest way to create, store, and use format setups
in particular applications. Almost any of these methods
can be used for any formatting application. The point,
however, is that some methods are better for some
purposes, while others are better for other purposes.

Common Text Applications

5·5

Format Strategies / Example

EXAMPLE
Planning your formatting strategies will be
considerably easier if you keep a record of the format
setups you create for future use.
Each time you store a format, whether by
personalizing a diskette, storing an empty format
document, or storing a format library, you should
record all pertinent information. You should record
the document and diskette name so that you can easily
locate the format. You should also record each of the
settings stored in that format.
The Format Strategy Planner that follows shows
how one operator recorded stored formats. This
operator types letters on letterhead stationery every
day, so she has personalized a program diskette with
the settings for letterhead paper stored as the document
format. She has stored the settings for the envelope
as the alternate format on the same program diskette.
She will use the program diskette in her daily work
whenever she types letters. She records the changed
settings and notes which settings remain the same.
This operator also types a monthly report that
contains wide tables that go on 11 x 8~ in. paper.
She has stored the settings for this in a document
format library (document name: Fmt). The settings
for 11 x 8 ~ in. paper are stored on page 1 of this
document. Again, she records the changed settings and
notes which settings remain the same as the system
defaults.

Common Text Applications

Format Strategies / Example

5·5

FO RMAT STRATEGY PLANN ER

Document
Forma t
C heck list

STRATEGY

Defaults
Document :
Di skette:~f'Sonahro1
FtoqrorY) P I~

Documen+left margin

right margin

tab settings

every 5 spaces

line spacing

si ngle

justification

typestyle no. and pitch

first line,
followi ng pages

last line
size of paper
(or envelope)
headers

60
(216 x 280 mm)
81//' x II"
line 3

footers

line 63

paper source

top tray

lines per in .l cm .

6/ 2.54

control of line
endings

Adjust =
Yes

There is no Demonstration or Self- Test for this segment.

Common Text Applications

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S : :i,i feChnical Newsletter

This Newsletter No.
Date
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SN44-2121
21 October 1983
S544-2257-0

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