Nordic Thingy:52 Thingy Pca20020 User Guide V1.1

User Manual:

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Page Count: 53

Nordic Thingy:52
User Guide
v1.1
4433_018 v1.1 / 2017-09-27
Contents
Revision history .................................. iv
1Introduction .................................. 5
2Minimum requirements ............................ 7
3Kit content ................................... 8
3.1 Hardware content ................................ 8
3.2 Downloadable content .............................. 8
3.3 Related documentation .............................. 9
4Getting started ................................ 10
4.1 Connecting Thingy ............................... 11
4.1.1 Connecting Thingy using Bluetooth ....................... 11
4.1.2 Connecting Thingy using NFC ......................... 12
4.1.3 Troubleshooting ............................... 13
4.2 Configuring Thingy ............................... 14
4.2.1 Configurable settings .............................15
5Services .................................... 17
5.1 Environment .................................. 18
5.1.1 Live graphs ................................. 19
5.1.2 Configurable settings (iOS and Android) ..................... 19
5.2 User interface ................................. 20
5.2.1 LED .................................... 20
5.2.2 Button ................................... 21
5.3 Motion .................................... 21
5.3.1 3D Motion ................................. 22
5.3.2 Gravity vector (iOS and Android) ........................ 22
5.3.3 Configurable settings (iOS and Android) ..................... 23
5.4 Sound ..................................... 24
5.4.1 Streaming: Microphone (iOS/Android) ......................25
5.4.2 Streaming: Speaker ............................. 26
5.5 Cloud (IFTTT) .................................. 27
6Managing Thingy devices .......................... 29
6.1 iOS ...................................... 29
6.1.1 Adding a Thingy ............................... 29
6.1.2 Removing a Thingy ............................. 29
6.1.3 Connecting and disconnecting a Thingy ..................... 30
6.2 Android .................................... 31
6.2.1 Adding a Thingy ............................... 31
6.2.2 Removing a Thingy ............................. 32
6.2.3 Connecting and disconnecting a Thingy ..................... 32
6.3 Over-the-air device firmware update ........................ 32
6.3.1 Updating firmware on a connected Thingy .................... 33
6.3.2 Updating firmware on a Thingy in bootloader mode ................ 33
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7Hardware description .............................35
7.1 Block diagram ................................. 35
7.2 Hardware figures ................................ 35
7.3 MCU ..................................... 36
7.4 I/O expander .................................. 37
7.5 Pin maps ................................... 38
7.6 Motion sensors ................................. 40
7.6.1 Low-power accelerometer .......................... 40
7.6.2 Nine-axis motion sensor ........................... 41
7.7 Environment sensors .............................. 42
7.7.1 Pressure sensor ............................... 42
7.7.2 Humidity sensor ...............................42
7.7.3 Color sensor ................................ 43
7.7.4 Gas sensor ................................. 43
7.8 Sound ..................................... 44
7.8.1 Digital microphone ............................. 44
7.8.2 Amplifier and speaker ............................ 44
7.9 LEDs and button ................................ 45
7.9.1 RGB LED .................................. 45
7.9.2 Button ................................... 45
7.10 Power supply ................................. 45
7.10.1 Current measurement ............................47
7.11 Interface ................................... 48
7.11.1 N-MOS transistors ............................. 48
7.11.2 Connectors ................................ 49
Legal notices ................................... 53
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Revision history
Date Version Description
September 2017 1.1 Updated for Nordic Thingy:52 software version 2.0
• New feature: Near-field communication (NFC) capability
• Updated:
•Connecting Thingy on page 11
•Managing Thingy devices on page 29
• The LED color indicating connection changed from cyan to
green
• Restructured the document
June 2017 1.0 First release
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1Introduction
The Nordic Thingy:52™ (nRF6936) is a compact, power-optimized, multi-sensor development kit device
designed for collecting environmental data of various types. It is also an easy-to-use development
platform, designed to help you build IoT prototypes and demos, without the need to build hardware or
write firmware from scratch.
Thingy is built around the nRF52832 Bluetooth 5 SoC from Nordic Semiconductor. It connects to Bluetooth-
enabled mobile phones, laptops, tablets, Raspberry Pis and similar devices, and sends data to/from its
sensors and actuators to an app and to the cloud.
Thingy can sense movement, orientation, temperature, humidity, air pressure, light, color, and air quality.
It can also play sound via its speaker and stream sound to the host from its microphone.
The functionality of Thingy can be configured over-the-air via a Bluetooth API. That makes it possible
to create demos and prototypes without actually programming the Nordic Thingy:52 itself, and do all
development on the app or cloud solution. As new versions of the firmware are released, Thingy can be
updated over-the-air using the provided apps. Advanced users can use Thingy as a development kit by
building their own firmware and uploading it onto the board.
Key features of Nordic Thingy:52
• Highly configurable IoT sensor kit
• All sensors and Bluetooth low energy (BLE) parameters are configurable through a BLE interface.
• nRF52832 System on Chip (SoC) solution
• Configurable RGB LED and button
• Cloud connectivity
• Example apps for Android and iOS, as well as a web application that uses Web Bluetooth API.
• Environmental sensors
• Temperature
• Humidity
• Air pressure
• Air quality (CO2 and TVOC)
• Color and light intensity
• nine-axis motion sensing
• Tap detection
• Orientation
• Step counter
• Quaternions
• Euler angles
• Rotation matrix
• Gravity vector
• Compass heading
• Raw accelerometer, gyroscope, and compass data
• Sound
• Speaker for playing prestored samples, tones, or sound streamed over BLE (8 bit 8 kHz LoFi)
• Microphone streaming (ADPCM compressed 16 bit 16 kHz)
• Secure over-the-air device firmware upgrade (OTA DFU)
• Low power consumption
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Introduction
• Near field communication (NFC) support
• All software source code available and documented
The battery in this product cannot be easily replaced by users themselves. Batteries should only be
removed by qualified professionals as appropriate due to safety concerns.
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2Minimum requirements
Before starting to use Thingy, check the minimum hardware and software requirements for the web app.
Supported operating systems
• Android
• Android 6.0 Marshmallow or later
• Mac OS
• OS X Yosemite or later
• BLE-supported MacBook
• Linux
• Kernel 3.19+
• BlueZ 5.41+
• Chrome OS
• BLE-supported hardware
Supported browsers
• Chrome
• Opera
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3Kit content
The Nordic Thingy:52 IoT Sensor Kit consists of hardware and access to software components, reference
design files, mobile applications, and documentation.
3.1 Hardware content
Nordic Thingy:52 reference design hardware comprises one item, the IoT sensor kit.
Figure 1: Nordic Thingy:52 hardware content
3.2 Downloadable content
The Nordic Thingy:52 reference design includes firmware source code, documentation, hardware
schematics, and layout files.
To obtain the firmware package, go to the Thingy product page.
Firmware package
• Application firmware for Nordic Thingy:52
• Precompiled HEX files
• Source code
• nRF5 SDK v12.1.0
• S132 SoftDevice
• Firmware documentation
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Kit content
Mobile apps
Search for Nordic Thingy in App Store or Google Play, depending on the mobile platform that you
want to use.
The web app is available through the Eddystone beacon that is advertised by the Thingy, unless you have
changed the default Eddystone beacon configuration.
For more information, see Getting started on page 10.
Hardware files
The zip file and its subdirectories contain the hardware design files for the Nordic Thingy:52 reference
design. The hardware files for the circuit board are located in the following folder in the hardware files zip
package:
\Thingy52 - Hardware files x_x_x\PCA20020-Thingy52 Board x_x_x.
In this folder, you can find the following hardware design files:
• Altium Designer files
• Schematics and PCB layout files in PDF format
• Bill of materials
• Production files:
• Drill files
• Assembly drawings
• Gerber files
• Pick-and-place files
3.3 Related documentation
In addition to the information in this document, you may need to consult other Nordic documents.
•nRF52832 Product Specification
•S132 SoftDevice Specification
•nRF52832 Errata
•nRF5 SDK
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4Getting started
Setting up Nordic Thingy:52 and controlling it through the provided mobile applications requires a few
steps. The procedure for the iOS, Android, and web applications have only slight differences.
Before you start:
• Unpack Thingy.
• Check Minimum requirements on page 7.
Compared to the mobile apps, the web app provides somewhat restricted functionality in various areas.
1. Download and install the Nordic Thingy app to control Thingy using your device.
• iOS device: Nordic Thingy iOS App in Apple App Store
• Android: Nordic Thingy Android App in Google Play
• Web app: Access the web app through the Eddystone beacon that is advertised by Thingy. Use an
app that allows for detecting nearby beacons, such as the Physical Web app, and go to the URL
that is advertised by Thingy. On Android devices, you can also use the built-in Nearby functionality.
Make sure that the link is opened by a supported browser, see Minimum requirements on page 7.
You can also access the app by opening the URL https://developer.nordicsemi.com/
thingy/52/.
After installing the app, you will find its icon on the home screen of your device.
2. Gently remove the rubber overlay to reveal the power switch. You will find it right next to the micro-
USB port.
3. Power on Thingy and make sure that it is not connected to any other mobile device.
If Thingy is already connected to another device, its LED will breathe in green color.
4. To charge the Thingy, connect it to a computer or mobile charger via the micro-USB port located on the
front side of the device, under a rubber cover.
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Getting started
Note:
The power switch must be on for the device to charge.
Thingy offers no USB connectivity. The micro-USB port is only used for charging the device.
4.1 Connecting Thingy
After installing and launching the mobile app or opening the web app, you must connect Thingy to your
mobile device. You can either connect using Bluetooth or the NFC tap-to-connect function enabled in
firmware 2.0.0 and later.
After starting the Thingy app, a welcome screen is displayed.
4.1.1 Connecting Thingy using Bluetooth
Follow the steps presented here to connect using Bluetooth scanning.
1. Add Thingy to your app.
iOS: Tap Add Thingy Android: Tap Scan Web: Tap Connect, and Pair.
Tap Proceed to grant the
Location Permission which
is required for Android 6.0
Marshmallow and later, and tap
Scan again.
The Scanner starts the discovery process and lists any Thingy that is nearby. If Thingy does not appear
in the list within a couple of seconds, check Troubleshooting on page 13.
2. Add a name for your device to replace the default (optional).
• iOS: Add a new name and tap Save.
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Getting started
If no Thingy has not been configured in the iOS app, it will fall back to the Add Thingy view.
• Android: Add a new name.
A Get Started button is displayed. Tap it to proceed to the main application. You can also go back to
any of the previous steps and make changes.
If there are no devices configured or all of them have been deleted, the app falls back to the No
Thingy configured view.
• Web: Not configurable
iOS and Android: The app opens the Environment service, which is the default view for the Thingy app as
long as one Thingy has been configured, regardless of its connection state.
For information on the configurable parameters of Thingy, see Configurable settings on page 15.
4.1.2 Connecting Thingy using NFC
NFC tap-to-connect is available starting from Thingy firmware 2.0.0. The NFC scanning view will appear
asking to touch a Thingy with NFC capability to pair.
Before you start, make sure your device has NFC capability and uses the following application versions:
• iOS: Application version 1.2.0 or later.
• Android: Application version 1.3.0 or later.
Follow the steps below to connecting Thingy using NFC.
1. Add Thingy.
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Getting started
iOS: Press Add using NFC Android Web
− −
2. Tap the top of the Thingy with the NFC sensor of the mobile device.
iOS Android Web
−
After tapping, you will see a browser view in which you can add a new Thingy.
You will be notified that a Thingy with an NFC Tag has been found.
Continue the initial configuration as instructed in Connecting Thingy using Bluetooth on page 11.
4.1.3 Troubleshooting
If you have difficulties in connecting Thingy with your mobile device, there are a few possible causes to
this.
If Thingy does not appear in the list within a couple of seconds, check the following:
No power
Use the power switch located under the black rubber cover, to the left of the USB port, to switch
power on.
Battery empty
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Getting started
Connect Thingy to a PC or charger using a micro-USB to recharge the battery. Make sure that the
power switch is on when charging.
Thingy is in sleep mode
Wake Thingy up either by pressing the Thingy button located right under the Nordic Semiconductor
logo or by shaking the device. See Low-power accelerometer on page 40.
Thingy connected to another mobile device
By default, the LED will breathe in green color to indicate that it is already connected to another
device.
4.2 Configuring Thingy
The Configuration service allows you to customize several settings on Thingy.
iOS:
•
iOS: The Configuration button is located to the right of the application's navigation bar.
• To modify a specific configuration, tap the cell you would like to change and modify the contents.
You will see appropriate configuration types and value ranges, as well as have your input
validated when you change a value. The new configuration is automatically saved.
Android:
• Basic tab: Configure the basic Thingy settings.
• Advanced tab: Configure the interval settings of the Thingy notification updates for Environment
and Motion sensors. To modify a specific configuration, tap the cell you would like to change and
modify the contents.You will see appropriate configuration types and value ranges, as well as have
your input validated when you change a value. The new configuration is automatically saved.
Web
Configuration view:
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Getting started
4.2.1 Configurable settings
Thingy has a number of settings that can be customized to suit your needs.
Parameter Description
Name The name used when advertising the Thingy device.
IOS and Android:
The name is limited to 10 bytes of alphanumeric values and emojis.
Alphanumeric values correspond to 1 byte, while most emojis account for
2 bytes.
Advertising parameters
• Advertising interval The frequency of Thingy advertising.
• Advertising time-out The duration of Thingy advertising for a connection request before timing
out.
Connection parameters
• Minimum connection
interval
The minimum interval in milliseconds at which the mobile device asks for
data from Thingy.
• Maximum connection
interval
The maximum interval in milliseconds at which the mobile device asks for
data from Thingy.
• Slave latency The number of events between the mobile device asking Thingy for data
and Thingy actually sending the data. This allows Thingy to stay in low-
power mode for a longer time when it has no new data for the mobile
device.
• Supervision time-out A time-out in seconds from the last data exchange before considering
the Thingy link lost. If you expect that Thingy will often go in and out of
range, it is better to have a short time-out to detect it quickly.
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Getting started
Parameter Description
Eddystone Beacon URL URL in the Eddystone URI format.
Thingy is equipped to act as an Eddystone URL beacon. During a nearby
scan, the Thingy may pop up as a notification with the default nordicsemi
URL. However, the URL can be changed in this configuration.
iOS: Requires and Eddystone beacon app.
Android: According to the Eddystone URL beacon specification, the URL
cannot be longer than 20 bytes. To configure a URL longer than 20 bytes,
tap Shorten URL and you will be provided with a shortened version of it.
Cloud Token (IFTTT key) iOS and Android: A token for any cloud service.
Web: Paste the IFTTT key in this field to integrate your Thingy with the
IFTTT web service.
Sensor intervals The interval of Thingy notification updates for sensors.
Advanced configuration: In order to modify a specific configuration, tap
the cell you would like to change and modify the contents. Here you will
see appropriate configuration types and value ranges, as well as have
your input validated when you change a value. The new configuration is
automatically saved.
Table 1: Configurable settings
Viewable parameter (iOS, Android and Web)
You can also view the current firmware version that is running on Thingy.
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5Services
Once you sync Thingy to the app, a set of services become available. You can access all of them from the
main menu of the app.
The services listed here and marked with an "X" are available in the Thingy app. They do not reflect the
exact service names or number on the device.
Service iOS Android Web
Environment X X X
User interface (UI) X X X
Motion X X X
Sound X X X
Cloud (IFTTT) X X X
Configuration X X X
Battery X X −
Table 2: Thingy services
iOS Android Web
A battery indicator will appear beside connected peripherals in the main menu with Thingy firmware that
supports the battery service. The following application versions are required:
• iOS: Application v1.2.0 and later
• Android: Application v1.3.0 and later
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Services
• Web: Not available
5.1 Environment
The Environment service provides you with a set of environmental data, such as temperature, air humidity,
air pressure, and light intensity.
iOS and Android: When the app is first launched, it displays the Thingy Environment with all features
enabled and notifying.
iOS Android Web
The Environment features available are the following:
• Temperature
• Pressure
• Humidity
• Air quality:
• CO2
• Total volatile organic compounds (TVOC)
• Light/color intensity
iOS and Android:
•Tap the Info button for clarification on what each symbol stands for.
•Tap the More options button to enable or disable the available features.
After you have customized a feature's setting, it is saved and will display the next time you launch the app.
Then you can see the most current data for all enabled features in the Environment service.
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Services
iOS Android Web
5.1.1 Live graphs
Live graphs are available for the temperature and pressure features for iOS, Android and Web, and they
represent the current and historical temperature measurements. For iOS and Android, live graphs are also
available for humidity features. Once enabled, data will start populating the graphs in realtime.
Here are some tips when interacting with a live graph.
iOS and Android:
• Graphs automatically scroll to the latest value. (iOS: With Show latest button disabled)
• Tap any part of the graph to see the timestamp and exact value of the entry.
• You can scroll through the graph manually, as with any other scrollable view.
iOS only:
• Tap and hold the graph to stop scrolling. The Show latest button will now be enabled.
• To resume autoscrolling, tap Show latest.
• To clear a graph, tap Clear. This will empty all data and will reenable autoscrolling.
5.1.2 Configurable settings (iOS and Android)
In the configuration menu, you can customize several aspects of the Environment service.
Tap the Configuration button to the right of the application's navigation bar to open configuration
settings.
• Temperature sampling interval (ms)
• Pressure sampling interval (ms)
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Services
• Humidity sampling interval (ms)
• Light/Color intensity sampling interval (ms)
• Air quality sampling interval - This setting uses predefined values of 1, 10, or 60 seconds only.
• iOS only: Temperature Unit - Celsius or Fahrenheit.
iOS Android
To change a setting, tap the feature that you would like to change and type in the new value.
Tap Set (iOS)/Confirm (Android) to save the changes.
Tap Cancel to ignore your changes.
5.2 User interface
The User interface (UI) service allows you to interact with the LED and button on Thingy.
5.2.1 LED
Here you can change the properties of the Thingy LED. Use the selections at the top to control the mode
of the LED. Only one mode can be active at a time.
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Services
iOS Android Web
• Off mode: The LED is turned off completely and Thingy will remain in Off mode while disconnected.
There is no configuration for this mode.
• Constant mode: The LED stays on, but once disconnected the mode turns off. For iOS and Android,
there are red, green, and blue value sliders that allow you to change the color of the LED.
• Breathe mode: The LED fades in and out at a given interval, but turns off after Thingy is disconnected.
For iOS and Android, you can choose from one of the preset colors, adjust the light intensity, and
increase or decrease the breathe delay.
• One-shot mode: The LED fades in then out once, then remains off indefinitely. For iOS and Android,
you can select the color of the LED and adjust the light intensity in the settings. This mode does not
persist while disconnected.
5.2.2 Button
In the Button section, you can see the current state of the Thingy button.
• Unknown: Displayed when the view is initially loaded and the app has no information about the
button's state. (iOS and Android)
• Pressed: Displayed when you press and hold the button.
• Released: Displayed when you release the button.
5.3 Motion
The Motion service contains the pedometer, tap sensor, accelerometer, and other motion-related sensor
data received from Thingy. Here you can see information related to 3D motion, motion characteristics, and
the gravity vector.
The Motion features come from all motion-related sensors.
• Step counter/Pedometer: A standard pedometer that shows step count and duration.
• Tap sensor: A sensor that counts the taps and their direction axis on Thingy.
• Heading: A compass showing the heading angles.
• Orientation: Displays the orientation of Thingy (portrait, landscape, etc.)
iOS and Android:
Tap the Info button to display what the icons represent.
Tap the Action button on the Motion section to enable or disable different characteristics by selecting
or deselecting a feature.
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Services
5.3.1 3D Motion
3D Motion simulates the current rotation attitude of Thingy on a 3D model in the app. Rotating Thingy on
any of the axes will immediately be reflected onto the simulation.
iOS Android Web
For iOS and Android, follow these steps to interact with this feature:
1. Tap the More options (iOS)/Action (Android) icon in the 3D section.
2. Toggle the 3D switch. The model immediately starts simulating Thingy.
The iOS and Android simulations use quaternions, and the Web simulation uses Euler angles to rotate
the model at a given configured interval. To make the animation smooth, the simulation interpolates
between the current and target positions with a duration of the update interval. This makes the animation
as smooth as possible.
5.3.2 Gravity vector (iOS and Android)
The Gravity vector section displays the effect of gravity on each axis in units of m/s2.
To use this feature, tap the Action/More options icon and use the toggle to enable it. The live graph will
start displaying data. You can move Thingy around to see how gravity affects it.
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Services
iOS Android
You can interact with the graph in the following way:
• The graph will autoscroll when you first open it.
• Tap a point on the graph to view its value.
• Tap and hold to stop the graph from autoscrolling. You can now manually scroll the graph back and
forth.
For iOS, the following also applies:
• When there are new values available, the Show latest button will be enabled.
• Tap the button to scroll the graph to the last entry. This will also reenable autoscrolling.
• Tap Clear to clear all entry points and reenable autoscrolling.
5.3.3 Configurable settings (iOS and Android)
The Configuration button is located to the right of the application's navigation bar. In the
Configuration view, you can customize several aspects of the Motion service.
The configurable settings are:
• Pedometer interval (ms)
• Processing unit frequency/Motion interval (Hz)
• Temperature compensation interval (ms): Used for internal calibration of the sensor.
• Compass compensation interval (ms): Used for internal calibration of the sensor.
• Wake On Motion: When enabled, Thingy will wake up from low-power mode when moved.
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Services
iOS: Settings Android: Configuration
To change a setting:
1. Tap the value you would like to change.
2. Type the new value into the field.
3. Tap Set/Confirm to save the new value.
4. Tap Cancel to ignore your changes.
iOS Android
5.4 Sound
The Sound service lets you control Thingy's microphone (iOS and Android) and speaker.
The Thingy Sound service is based on two building blocks, the speaker and the microphone, which can
work in specific modes.
Speaker modes:
• 8-bit PCM (streaming)
• Frequency and duration (piano keyboard)
• Sample (sample sound effects)
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Services
If a sound sample or keyboard input is detected while any of these modes are running, the current mode
will quit and the new mode will start. The speaker can only function in one mode at a time.
Microphone mode (iOS and Android):
• ADPCM mode (only supported mode within the app)
5.4.1 Streaming: Microphone (iOS/Android)
Stream microphone (iOS)/Microphone (Android) allows controlling the streaming process from Thingy to
the mobile device and vice versa.
iOS Android
5.4.1.1 Streaming from mobile to Thingy
Follow these steps to stream sound from the microphone on a mobile device to the Thingy speaker. This
method applies to both iOS and Android.
1. Tap the microphone icon on the left.
If the microphone permission is not granted yet, you will receive a permission request.
If the permission was declined, the mobile device might not ask again, leaving this feature useless.
a) Optional: To manually grant the permission, go to the app settings, and toggle the permissions for
the Thingy app in the privacy menu.
The microphone icon will turn red and the visualization will display the current audio being
streamed.
2. To stop streaming, tap the microphone button again.
The button will turn black and the graph will stop updating.
5.4.1.2 Streaming from Thingy to mobile
Follow these steps to stream sound from the Thingy's microphone to a mobile device's speaker. This
method applies to both iOS and Android.
Streaming from the Thingy to the mobile device requires no special permissions.
1. Tap the Thingy icon on the right.
The Thingy icon will turn red, and the visualizer will display the sound wave coming from Thingy. You
should hear audio playing through the mobile device's speakers.
2. To stop streaming, tap the Thingy icon.
The icon will turn black and the graph will stop updating.
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Services
5.4.1.3 Streaming from Thingy to mobile (iOS alternative)
For iOS, this is an alternative method for streaming sound from the Thingy's microphone to the mobile
device's speaker.
Streaming from the Thingy to the mobile device requires no special permissions.
1. Navigate to the Sound view and open it.
This type of streaming will only work when the Sound view is open.
2. Press the Thingy button located on the side of the casing (not the one in the app).
3. To stop streaming, press the Thingy button again.
5.4.2 Streaming: Speaker
There are three audio streaming modes.
5.4.2.1 8-bit PCM streaming
Thingy is capable of streaming 8-bit PCM audio from the mobile device to its speaker. Select one of the
example audio files to stream it to Thingy.
iOS Android Web
iOS:
This feature only works properly on iPhone 7 and iPhone 7+ devices with iOS 10 and later, because
they support the Data Length Extension (DLE) feature. Older devices do not have this feature and
audio streaming will not work properly (lots of chipping and skipping), because they are not fast
enough to keep Thingy streaming fully buffered.
Android:
Older or low-end devices running Android version earlier than Lollipop may encounter interruptions
with audio streaming because of lower MTU sizes. If you notice interruptions during audio streaming,
try lowering the maximum connection interval in the Thingy app configuration. However, this might
not solve the problem, due to hardware limitations. A mobile device can only stream to one Thingy
at a given time due to bandwidth limitations.
5.4.2.2 Frequency mode
This mode simulates a piano keyboard that plays at different frequencies. Only one note can be played at a
time.
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Services
iOS Android Web
To play a note, tap the respective piano key or tone button.
iOS: Record and Play
Record and Play buttons are available to store user input and replay these commands on Thingy. No actual
audio is recorded in that process, just key strokes and durations.
To record input for later playback, press the Record button, play some notes, and press Stop to store the
keystrokes.
Whenever there is recorded data, the Play button will appear next to the Record button.
To start playing back the recorded keystrokes, press Play. Playback will stop automatically, or when you
press Stop.
iOS: Volume control
Use the volume slider to control the loudness of the sound on Thingy. This slider only affects the notes
played on the piano keyboard and not any other sound feature on the device.
5.4.2.3 Sound samples
Thingy comes bundled with short sample sound effects that are stored in its firmware. Note that this is not
actually streaming, as the audio files are on the device already.
• iOS: In the Sample sound view, tap any of the samples. The sound will be immediately played.
• Android: Tap buttons 1−9 to directly play the sound samples stored in Thingy.
•Web: In the Play samples view, tap the icons to directly play the sound samples stored in Thingy.
Only one sample can be played at a time. Playing any other sample will stop the current sample.
5.5 Cloud (IFTTT)
The Cloud service lets you control the integration of the Thingy app with the IFTTT (If This Then That) web
service.
Before you can start using this service, you must register with IFTTT:
•iOS and Android: tap the Info icon in the upper right corner of the Cloud service view.
• Go to the IFTTT website.
4433_018 v1.1 27
Services
You must obtain the Maker Webhooks Token (iOS/web)/Cloud Token (Android) that is necessary for IFTTT
integration. Paste this token in the following location:
• iOS: Cloud Token
•Android: Add/Edit IFTTT token available under the Action icon)
• Web: Configuration view
Once you have the key, you can use the Thingy button as an event that will be used for triggering IFTTT
conditional statements.
iOS Android Web
Events (iOS)/Feature Control (Android)
Use the sliders to enable or disable the events that will be used for triggering IFTTT conditional
statements. The available events are Temperature, Pressure, and Button state.
Configuration (iOS)
Paste the Cloud Token in this field.
Feature(s) Info
If a particular type of event from the Events/Feature Control section is enabled, you can see its status
here. You can also check the interval at which temperature and pressure are measured.
Data Statistics
The two fields in this section show the amount of data uploaded to and downloaded from the cloud, in Kb
(iOS)/B (Android).
4433_018 v1.1 28
6Managing Thingy devices
You can add, remove, connect, or disconnect Thingy devices, and update their firmware using the mobile
app.
The iOS and Android mobile applications support connections to multiple Thingy devices, meaning you can
have more than one Thingy configured in the app.
6.1 iOS
You can add, remove, connect and disconnect a Thingy.
6.1.1 Adding a Thingy
You can add a Thingy in the main application menu.
You can either add a Thingy using Bluetooth scanning or the NFC tap-to-connect function enabled in
firmware 2.0.0 and later. The steps below show the Bluetooth scanning method. For the NFC method, see
Connecting Thingy using NFC on page 12.
1. Open the main application menu from the top left side of the screen.
2. Tap Add new Thingy
The Scanner view appears and automatically starts scanning.
3. Once the Thingy device is discovered, select it from the menu and follow the wizard.
The procedure is the same as during the first launch. See Connecting Thingy on page 11.
6.1.2 Removing a Thingy
You can remove a Thingy in the main application menu.
1. Open the main application menu from the top left side of the screen.
4433_018 v1.1 29
Managing Thingy devices
2. Swipe left on the Thingy that you want to remove.
A Forget button appears.
3. Tap the Forget button.
Thingy will be removed. If the device was connected, it will be disconnected first.
6.1.3 Connecting and disconnecting a Thingy
The Thingy app supports configuring and storing more than one Thingy. Only one Thingy can be active at a
time.
• To connect a disconnected Thingy, tap it in the main menu.
The device will connect and its icon turns blue, indicating it is connected.
• To disconnect a Thingy, tap a connected Thingy in the main menu.
The device will disconnect and its icon turns grey, indicating that it is not connected.
4433_018 v1.1 30
Managing Thingy devices
• If one Thingy is connected, and the user selects another peripheral as the active one, the currently
connected peripheral will be marked as inactive, but it will remain connected.
6.2 Android
You can use add, remove, connect and disconnect a Thingy.
6.2.1 Adding a Thingy
You can either add a Thingy using Bluetooth or the NFC tap-to-connect function enabled in firmware 2.0.0
and later.
The steps below show the Bluetooth method. For the NFC method, see Connecting Thingy using NFC on
page 12.
1. Open the main application menu from the top left of the screen.
2. To switch to the menu section that allows for device management, tap the arrow next to the Thingy
name.
3. Tap Add Thingy.
4. To scan for a nearby Thingy, tap Scan in the Initial Configuration.
Once you have discovered the one you want, you can connect to it, add a name, and share the
location. The procedure is the same as during the first launch. See Connecting Thingy on page 11. You
can tap X any time to cancel the process.
4433_018 v1.1 31
Managing Thingy devices
Once you have added a Thingy to your app, the main menu will contain a new device. The currently
selected Thingy is always shown at the top of the list.
6.2.2 Removing a Thingy
You can remove a Thingy in the main application menu.
1. In any of the service views, tap the trash icon located on the toolbar.
2. Tap OK when prompted to confirm your selection.
6.2.3 Connecting and disconnecting a Thingy
Only one Thingy can be active at a time. The connectivity state of the currently selected Thingy can be
determined by the Connect/Disconnect button in the top toolbar. A connected device will feature a
Disconnect button, while a disconnected Thingy will have a Connect option.
• To connect a Thingy device, select it from the main menu and tap Connect in the top toolbar.
The device will connect and its icon turns blue, indicating it is connected.
• To disconnect a Thingy device, select it from the main menu and tap Disconnect in the top toolbar.
The device will disconnect and its icon turns grey, indicating that it is not connected.
• If one Thingy is connected, and the user selects another Thingy as the active one, the currently
connected device will be marked as inactive, but it will remain connected.
6.3 Over-the-air device firmware update
The mobile apps provide support for over-the-air device firmware updates (OTA-DFU). These allow for
seamless updates to the Thingy firmware application through the Thingy mobile application.
When there is a new feature or a bug fix in the Thingy firmware, you can use the mobile application to
connect to Thingy and replace the current firmware with the latest firmware application.
In this view, you can see the name of the firmware package file, as well as its type, size, and version
number. In addition, the currently connected device name is also displayed in the view.
4433_018 v1.1 32
Managing Thingy devices
Important: Currently, the iOS app contains a bundled firmware package with every release that is
hardcoded within the app.
6.3.1 Updating firmware on a connected Thingy
This scenario is a default use case.
To update firmware on a connected Thingy, follow the steps below.
1. Connect to Thingy.
2. Navigate to the Firmware Update menu.
3. To start the DFU process:
• iOS: Tap Start in the top right corner of the navigation bar.
• Android: Tap the blue DFU icon in the bottom right corner of the screen to start the DFU process
The status of the DFU is highlighted on the tick marks at the bottom of the screen, and the progress bar
is updated with the average DFU speed.
iOS Android
In this mode, the application tries to reconnect to Thingy once the DFU process is completed. However,
if this fails, you can always go back to any of the main views and from there you can connect to Thingy
as usual. For iOS, see Connecting and disconnecting a Thingy on page 30 and for Android, see
Connecting and disconnecting a Thingy on page 32.
Important: (Android) Currently, this DFU procedure uploads a firmware package that is bundled
and hardcoded within the mobile application. For future firmware updates, you will be notified
of new available firmware through the app. This will allow you to download the latest firmware
and flash Thingy with it. Selecting custom firmware is not supported but is planned as a future
update.
During the DFU update, you can pause and resume the DFU update from the point when it was stopped.
6.3.2 Updating firmware on a Thingy in bootloader mode
This scenario is not a default use case.
To update firmware on a Thingy that is in bootloader mode, follow the steps below.
1. To put Thingy into bootloader mode, power it off and then on while holding the button on top of
Thingy
4433_018 v1.1 33
Managing Thingy devices
The device starts advertising with the new name "ThingyDFU". The MAC address is always incremented
by 1 when a Thingy device is in bootloader mode.
2. To enter the Scanner view if Thingy is in bootloader mode and not connected yet:
• iOS: Tap Target.
• Android: Tap the blue DFU icon.
All Thingy devices that are in bootloader mode are displayed in the list. Their default name is
"ThingyDfu".
3. Select the device on which you want to run DFU. The process is initiated in the same manner as in the
default method.
Important: When Thingy is in bootloader mode, it is impossible to connect to it using the Connect
button in the main menu of the app.
During the DFU update, you can pause and resume the DFU update from the point when it was stopped.
4433_018 v1.1 34
7Hardware description
This chapter focuses on the hardware components of Nordic Thingy:52 with detailed descriptions of the
various hardware blocks that are present on the device.
The sensors available in Thingy are not calibrated in production. Nordic Semiconductor does not specify
the accuracy of measurements. Users who want to reuse parts of this design to create measurement
devices should conform to documentation of the specific sensors.
7.1 Block diagram
The following block diagram represents interactions between hardware components on Thingy.
Accelerometer
USB
Battery
Button
NFC Antenna
Matching network
Antenna
Osc
32.768 kHz
Osc
16 MHz
Debug in
nRF52832
Regulator
Battery charger
Power switch
Power switch
I/O expanderLEDs
Analog switch
USB detect
Presure sensor
Humidity sensor
Color sensor
Gas sensor Microphone
Transistors
Analog switch
Analog switch
Current
measurement
Motion sensorSpeaker
Amplifier Analog switchAnalog switch
Connectors
Battery monitoring
Figure 2: Thingy hardware block diagram
7.2 Hardware figures
The hardware figures show various elements on both sides of the Thingy PCB.
4433_018 v1.1 35
Hardware description
Figure 3: Thingy PCB, top
Figure 4: Thingy PCB, bottom
7.3 MCU
The nRF52832 SoC functions as the brain of Thingy. It is a powerful, highly flexible, ultra-low power SoC
that incorporates a Bluetooth low energy radio and a 32-bit ARM® Cortex®-M4F CPU.
For more information on the SoC, see nRF52832 Product Specification.
4433_018 v1.1 36
Hardware description
Figure 5: MCU schematic
7.4 I/O expander
Because of the high hardware complexity of Thingy, the design requires additional GPIOs beyond the 32
GPIOs of the nRF52832 SoC.
To increase the number of GPIOs, a 16-channel, ultra-low power I/O expander is connected to the I2C bus.
The I2C slave address for the I/O expander is 0x3E. Most of the GPIOs on the expander are used internally
on Thingy, but some of the GPIOs are made available on a connector for the user to connect additional
hardware. The I/O expander has an integrated LED driver that supports intensity control, blink control, and
breathing control.
4433_018 v1.1 37
Hardware description
Figure 6: I/O expander schematics
7.5 Pin maps
The pin assignments for the nRF52832 SoC and for the I/O expander are listed in tables.
I/O Label Description
P0.00 XL1 Low frequency crystal
P0.01 XL2 Low frequency crystal
P0.02 ANA/DIG0 Analog/Digital GPIO externally
available
P0.03 ANA/DIG1 Analog/Digital GPIO externally
available
P0.04 ANA/DIG2 Analog/Digital GPIO externally
available
P0.05 SX_OSCIO I/O expander oscillator input line
P0.06 MPU_INT Motion sensor interrupt line
4433_018 v1.1 38
Hardware description
I/O Label Description
P0.07 SDA I2C data line
P0.08 SCL I2C clock line
P0.09 NFC1 Near field communication
antenna
P0.10 NFC2 Near field communication
antenna
P0.11 BUTTON Button input
P0.12 LIS_INT1 Low power accelerometer
interrupt line
P0.13 USB_DETECT USB detect signal
P0.14 SDA_EXT External and low power
accelerometer I2C data line
P0.15 SCL_EXT External and low power
accelerometer I2C clock line
P0.16 SX_RESET I/O expander reset line
P0.17 BAT_CHG_STAT Battery charge status
P0.18 MOS_1 Gate of N-MOS transistor
externally available
P0.19 MOS_2 Gate of N-MOS transistor
externally available
P0.20 MOS_3 Gate of N-MOS transistor
externally available
P0.21 MOS_4 Gate of N-MOS transistor
externally available
P0.22 CCS_INT Gas sensor interrupt line
P0.23 LPS_INT Pressure sensor interrupt line
P0.24 HTS_INT Humidity sensor interrupt line
P0.25 MIC_DOUT Microphone PDM data
P0.26 MIC_CLK Microphone PDM clock
P0.27 SPEAKER Speaker PWM signal
P0.28 BATTERY Battery monitoring input
P0.29 SPK_PWR_CTRL Speaker amplifier power control
P0.30 VDD_PWD_CTRL Power control for sensors, I/O
expander, and LEDs
P0.31 BH_INT Color sensor interrupt line
Table 3: nRF52832 pin map
4433_018 v1.1 39
Hardware description
I/O Label Description
SXIO0 IOEXT0 Digital GPIO externally available
SXIO1 IOEXT1 Digital GPIO externally available
SXIO2 IOEXT2 Digital GPIO externally available
SXIO3 IOEXT3 Digital GPIO externally available
SXIO4 BAT_MON_EN Battery monitoring enable
SXIO5 LIGHTWELL_G Green color of the lightwell LEDs
SXIO6 LIGHTWELL_B Blue color of the lightwell LEDs
SXIO7 LIGHTWELL_R Red color of the lightwell LEDs
SXIO8 MPU_PWR_CTRL Motion sensor power control
SXIO9 MIC_PWR_CTRL Microphone power control
SXIO10 CCS_PWR_CTRL Gas sensor power control
SXIO11 CCS_RESET Gas sensor reset line
SXIO12 CCS_WAKE Gas sensor wake line
SXIO13 SENSE_LED_R Red color of the color sensor
support LED
SXIO14 SENSE_LED_G Green color of the color sensor
support LED
SXIO15 SENSE_LED_B Blue color of the color sensor
support LED
Table 4: I/O expander pin map
7.6 Motion sensors
Thingy includes a low-power accelerometer and a nine-axis motion sensor.
7.6.1 Low-power accelerometer
When Thingy is in low-power sleep mode, any user interaction will be detected by the accelerometer,
which will then wake up the device.
The accelerometer has an I2C interface and it can detect motion on three axes. It is connected directly
to the voltage regulator output so it is powered regardless of the VDD power control, see Power supply
on page 45 for more information. For this reason, the I2C interface is separated from the rest of the
sensors of the board, and the accelerometer is connected to the same I2C bus that is available externally. If
external I2C units are connected, they must not use the I2C address used for the low-power accelerometer
(0x19).
4433_018 v1.1 40
Hardware description
Figure 7: Low-power accelerometer schematic
By default, the INT1 line of the accelerometer is connected to nRF52832. If you want to use the INT2 line
instead, cut the short on SB9 and solder SB10.
Cut SB9
Short SB10
Figure 8: Low-power accelerometer interrupt line selection
7.6.2 Nine-axis motion sensor
For advanced motion tracking features, Thingy uses a three-axis gyro, three-axis accelerometer, and three-
axis magnetometer integrated device (U3).
The motion sensor is interfaced through the I2C bus (0x68). To reduce power consumption when the
motion sensor is not in use, the power supply and signal lines are connected through an analog switch
(U4). This enables the device to be completely cut off from the rest of the circuit when not in use. When
the motion sensor is not in use, the GPIO used for the interrupt signal can be accessed on test point TP1.
4433_018 v1.1 41
Hardware description
Figure 9: Motion sensor schematic
7.7 Environment sensors
To monitor its surroundings, Thingy contains several sensors for detecting different environmental
properties.
7.7.1 Pressure sensor
The pressure sensor (U6) onboard Thingy is capable of measuring 260 to 1260 hPa absolute pressure with
24-bit data output.
The sensor has built-in temperature compensation, and as a secondary function, it provides 16-bit
temperature data output. The pressure sensor is interfaced through I2C (slave address 0x5C).
Figure 10: Pressure sensor schematic
7.7.2 Humidity sensor
For measuring humidity, Thingy has a combined humidity and temperature sensor onboard (U7).
It has a 0 to 100% relative humidity range and provides 16-bit humidity and temperature data output. The
humidity sensor accesses the MCU through I2C (slave address 0x5F).
4433_018 v1.1 42
Hardware description
Figure 11: Humidity sensor schematic
7.7.3 Color sensor
The color sensor (U8) onboard Thingy senses red, green, and blue light with a 0.005 – 40k lx dynamic
range.
The sensor faces towards the blue transparent bottom case with light pipes guiding the light towards
the sensor. To measure the color on a surface, the color sensor is accompanied with an RGB LED that can
illuminate the surface enabling the color sensor to read the color of the reflected light. The color sensor is
accessed through I2C (slave address 0x38).
Figure 12: Color sensor schematic
7.7.4 Gas sensor
The gas sensor (U9) monitors indoor air quality and can detect a wide range of Volatile Organic
Compounds (VOCs).
It provides a TVOC value or equivalent CO2 (eCO2) as output over the I2C bus (slave address 0x5A). To
improve current consumption when the gas sensor is not used, the power, I2C lines, and the interrupt
line are routed through an analog switch (U10). When the gas sensor is not in use, the GPIO used for the
interrupt signal can be accessed on test point TP2.
Figure 13: Gas sensor schematic
4433_018 v1.1 43
Hardware description
7.8 Sound
A digital microphone and a speaker make up the two hardware blocks that are responsible for sound on
Thingy.
7.8.1 Digital microphone
For audio input, Thingy is equipped with a digital output PDM microphone (U11).
The microphone's power and signal lines are routed through an analog switch (U12) to save power when
the microphone is not in use. When the microphone is switched off, the GPIOs used for the PDM signal
are available on two test points (TP3 and TP4). This allows the user to connect other hardware if the
microphone is not in use.
Figure 14: Digital microphone schematic
7.8.2 Amplifier and speaker
For audio output, Thingy has a miniature speaker that is driven from a simple H-bridge amplifier with a
PWM input.
A couple of zener diodes minimize the time where both the P-channel and the N-channel MOSFET are
turned on at the same time. Power supply for the amplifier comes directly from the battery to maximize
the power to the speaker. The power supply is routed through a switch to avoid leakage currents when the
speaker is not in use.
Figure 15: Amplifier and speaker schematic
4433_018 v1.1 44
Hardware description
7.9 LEDs and button
Thingy user interface consists of RGB LEDs and a button.
7.9.1 RGB LED
Thingy is equipped with three RGB LEDs.
Two of the LEDs are used to light up the light well and are controlled by the same signals using transistors
as switches. The third LED is located near the color sensor and is used as auxiliary light for color
measurements.
Figure 16: LED schematic
7.9.2 Button
The button located on the top of Thingy is for user input.
Figure 17: Button schematic
7.10 Power supply
The main power source is a rechargeable lithium polymer (Li-Po) battery. The battery has a nominal
capacity of 1440 mAh and it can be recharged through USB.
Thingy has a power switch that physically disconnects the battery and the USB power from the rest of the
circuits. This switch must be on in order for Thingy to work and to charge the battery. A voltage divider
circuit is connected to the USB power so the MCU can detect when a USB cable is connected.
4433_018 v1.1 45
Hardware description
Figure 18: Schematics for USB and battery connectors, and the power switch
A battery charger circuit is present on Thingy in order to charge the battery. The max charge current is set
to 0.5 C. Battery charge status output is connected to the MCU. While the charger has a thermistor input,
the battery used in Thingy has no internal thermistor. Therefore, there is a thermistor on the main circuit
board to monitor the temperature in the casing.
Figure 19: Battery charger schematic
To provide the circuits with a stable voltage, a DC/DC buck regulator with an output of 3.3 V is used.
Figure 20: Voltage regulator schematic
To save power during sleep mode, an analog switch is used to turn off the VDD power net. The low-power
accelerometer and nRF52832 are powered directly from VREG and will always be powered to wake up
Thingy.
4433_018 v1.1 46
Hardware description
Figure 21: VDD power switch schematic
To monitor the battery voltage, a voltage divider circuit is connected to the battery. nRF52832 will use the
ADC to read out the voltage level. To avoid unnecessary current drain, the voltage divider is turned off
with a transistor when not in use.
Figure 22: Battery monitoring schematic
7.10.1 Current measurement
It is possible to measure the current flowing to nRF52832 by cutting the short on SB2 and placing an
ampere meter between the positive terminal and P1 and positive terminal and P2.
4433_018 v1.1 47
Hardware description
Figure 23: Measuring current to the nRF52832
Figure 24: Current measurement connectors schematic
7.11 Interface
To enable the user to connect external hardware, Thingy is equipped with a set of connector footprints
and transistors to drive higher currents.
7.11.1 N-MOS transistors
For more flexibility, Thingy is equipped with four N-MOS transistors that can be used to drive small DC
motors or LEDs. The drain and source of the transistors are available on external connectors and the gate
is connected directly to the nRF52832.
4433_018 v1.1 48
Hardware description
Figure 25: Schematics for the N-MOS transistors
7.11.2 Connectors
Extra GPIOs can be found on connector P4. In addition to P4, some of the GPIOs are available on
connectors P5-P8.
For more information, see Connector pinouts on page 51.
These connectors are compatible with the Grove system from Seeedstudio. P5 and P7 are connected to
the same I2C bus as the low-power accelerometer, and only I2C devices should be connected to these
connectors. P6 has two analog/digital I/Os, and P8 has one.
Figure 26: Thingy external connectors
4433_018 v1.1 49
Hardware description
Figure 27: Interface connectors
4433_018 v1.1 50
Hardware description
7.11.2.1 Connector pinouts
Pin Signal Description
1 SCL_EXT External I2C clock
2 SDA_EXT External I2C data
3 ANA/DIG0 GPIO of the nRF52832
4 ANA/DIG1 GPIO of the nRF52832
5 ANA/DIG2 GPIO of the nRF52832
6 GND Ground
7 IOEXT0 GPIO of the I/O expander
8 IOEXT1 GPIO of the I/O expander
9 IOEXT2 GPIO of the I/O expander
10 IOEXT3 GPIO of the I/O expander
11 MOS_1_D Drain of n-channel MOSFET 1
12 MOS_1_S Source of n-channel MOSFET 1
13 MOS_2_D Drain of n-channel MOSFET 2
14 MOS_2_S Source of n-channel MOSFET 2
15 MOS_3_D Drain of n-channel MOSFET 3
16 MOS_3_S Source of n-channel MOSFET 3
17 MOS_4_D Drain of n-channel MOSFET 4
18 MOS_4_S Source of n-channel MOSFET 4
19 VDD Power supply, controlled by the
VDD power switch
20 GND Ground
Table 5: Pinout of connector P4
Pin Signal Description
1 SCL_EXT External I2C clock
2 SDA_EXT External I2C data
3 VREG Power supply, no power control
4 GND Ground
Table 6: Pinout of connectors P5 and P7
4433_018 v1.1 51
Hardware description
Pin Signal Description
1 ANA/DIG0 GPIO of the nRF52832
2 ANA/DIG1 GPIO of the nRF52832
3 VDD Power supply, controlled by the
VDD power switch
4 GND Ground
Table 7: Pinout of connector P6
Pin Signal Description
1 ANA/DIG2 GPIO of the nRF52832
2 N/A No connection
3 VDD Power supply, controlled by the
VDD power switch
4 GND Ground
Table 8: Pinout of connector P8
4433_018 v1.1 52
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4433_018 v1.1 53

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