A Artisan Q PID Setup Guide
User Manual:
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Page Count: 18
Setup&Information&for&aArtisanQ_PID.ino&(v6_7)&for&TC4-Shield&
user.h&Options&
&
Introduction&
The$aArtisanQ_PID.ino$sketch$for$the$TC4-Shield$has$many$configuration$options$
and$can$be$customized$to$suit$various$roasting$hardware$and$logging$software.$
The$parameters$and$options$within$the$user.h$file$should$be$reviewed$and$
modified$to$suit$your$preferences$and$hardware$setup.$
This$guide$assumes$you$have$a$basic$knowledge$of$the$the$Arduino$software$and$
can$load$sketches$onto$an$Arduino.$$There$are$many$resources$online$if$you$need$
to$acquire$these$skills.$
First,$load$the$aArtisanQ_PID.ino$sketch$in$the$Arduino$IDE$and$select$the$user.h$
tab.$$After$reviewing$and$editing$the$user.h$parameters$and$options,$compile$the$
sketch$and$upload$it$to$the$Arduino.$
Most$sections$in$the$user.h$files$have$multiple$options$to$choose$from.$$The$
inactive$options$are$preceded$by$a$double$backslash$//.$The$//$disables$that$line$of$
code$by$turning$it$into$a$comment.$To$change$an$option,$add$a$//$to$the$start$of$
the$current$option$and$remove$the$//$from$the$desired$option.$$
The$following$information$should$help$you$choose$the$most$appropriate$
parameters$and$options.$$
Roasting&Software&
This$section$sets$the$logging$software$being$used$if$any.$Activate$the$appropriate$
option$or$disable$all$options$to$use$the$TC4$in$stand-alone$mode.$This$option$
determines$how$the$TC4$communicates$with$and$responds$to$the$software.$$
The$aArtisanQ_PID.ino$sketch$was$initially$written$to$support$the$Artisan$Roaster$
Scope$software,$however,$the$RoastLogger$software$is$also$supported.$$This$
software$typically$connects$to$an$Arduino/TC4$via$a$USB$cable$and$allows$real-
time$logging$and$control$for$your$roaster.$
The$ANDROID$option$is$a$variation$of$the$ARTISAN$option$and$was$intended$to$
support$the$TC4$Roasting$app$available$for$Android$devices$on$the$Google$Play$
store.$This$requires$a$Bluetooth$module$connected$to$your$Arduino$serial$pins.$
Stand-alone$mode$(all$options$disabled)$allows$the$use$of$input$buttons$
connected$to$the$Arduino$input$pins$or$on$an$LCDapter$board.$In$standalone$
mode,$an$LCD$screen$connected$to$the$TC4$is$recommended.$$
Base&Configurations&
The$type$of$roaster$you$are$using$will$determine$what$option$is$chosen$in$this$
important$section.$The$main$consideration$is$the$type$of$output$required$to$
control$your$roaster$(PWM$or$phase$angle$control$etc).$$If$you$are$logging$data$
only,$this$option$is$irrelevant.$
The$Configuration$Options$and$Connection$Requirements$tables$provide$
additional$advice$and$examples$to$help$you$choose$the$correct$configuration$
option.$
Temperature&Unit&
This$option$changes$the$temperature$units$for$data$sent$to$the$logging$software$
or$displayed$on$a$connected$LCD.$$Leave$it$disabled$for$Fahrenheit$or$enabled$for$
Celsius.$
LCD&Options&
Enable$the$option$for$the$type$of$LCD$screen$you$are$using.$$If$not$using$an$LCD$
screen,$disable$all$three$types.$
• The$LCDapter$is$and$I2C$adapter$board$that$includes$support$for$four$input$
buttons$and$4$LEDs.$An$LCD$display$must$be$purchased$separately$and$
connected$to$the$LCDapter$board$
• The$LCD_I2C$option$is$for$LCD$screens$with$an$included$I2C$module$and$can$
be$found$cheaply$at$online$stores.$
• The$LCD_PARALLEL$option$is$for$an$LCD$screen$connected$directly$to$the$
Arduino$output$pins.$$This$option$is$not$recommended.$
The$sketch$supports$both$16x2$and$20x4$LCDs.$$Disable$the$LCD_4x20$option$if$
using$a$16x2$display.$$A$20x4$LCD$is$recommended$as$it$allows$the$TC4$to$display$a$
more$useful$set$of$data.$
If$using$the$LCD_I2C$option,$you$must$correctly$set$the$LCD_I2C_ADDRESS$value.$
Many$of$these$screens$use$the$0x27$address,$so$try$that$first.$
Input&Button&Options&
If$using$the$TC4$in$stand-alone$mode$(no$logging$software)$and$not$using$a$
LCDapter$board,$you$can$assign$unused$Arduino$input$pins$to$certain$tasks.$Input$
buttons$can$be$used$to:$
• Reset$the$roast$timer$/$next$profile$
• Toggle$PID$on/off$/$previous$profile$
• Switch$LCD$display$mode$
• Enter$button$
AC&Power&Options&
If$controlling$AC$powered$electric$roasters$using$Phase$Angle$Control$and$Integral$
Cycle$Control,$you$must$specify$the$mains$power$frequency$your$country/state$
uses.$$Enable$either$the$50Hz$or$60Hz$option.$
Thermocouple&Input&Options&
In$this$section$you$can$specify$the$type$of$thermocouple$being$used$for$each$of$
the$input$channels.$Most$commonly$used$thermocouples$for$coffee$roasting$are$
typeK,$however$you$can$specify$typeT$or$typeJ$depending$of$the$thermocouple$
you$are$using.$
BAUD&Rate&
If$you$are$using$roast$logging$or$control$software$you$should$review$the$baud$rate$
setting.$The$rate$specified$here$must$be$used$in$the$logging$software.$The$default$
baud$rate$of$115200$should$be$fine$in$most$cases.$
Analogue&inputs&
The$TC4$shield$has$pin$headers$for$two$analogue$inputs.$Potentiometers$can$be$
connected$to$these$headers$to$control$heater$and$blower$power.$
Activate$the$option$corresponding$to$any$analogue$inputs$you$are$using.$$If$not$
using$one$or$both$of$the$analogue$inputs,$leave$them$disabled,$otherwise$the$
inputs$will$float$causing$random$output$power$changes.$
Duty&Cycle&Adjustment&Increment&
This$setting$can$be$adjusted$to$change$the$increment$value$for$output$power$
changes$when$using$the$analogue$inputs$and$power$UP/DOWN$commands.$
Physical&input&channel&for&RoR&display&on&LCD&
The$TC4$can$display$the$Rate$of$Rise$value$for$an$input$channel$on$an$LCD$if$used.$
You$can$adjust$the$number$here$to$choose$which$channel’s$RoR$gets$displayed.&
PID&Control&Options&
This$section$allows$you$to$enable$or$disable$the$PID$control$feature$and$associated$
channels$and$parameters.$$Having$the$PID$feature$enabled$does$not$mean$it$will$
be$permanently$active.$$With$the$feature$enabled,$the$PID$can$still$be$turned$on$
and$off$as$required$using$a$serial$command$or$input$button.$
When$enabled$and$active,$the$PID$will$control$the$output$associated$with$the$
heater.$
Disable$the$PID_CONTROL$line$if$you$wan$to$permanently$disable$this$feature.$
The$PID_CHAN$setting$allows$you$to$specify$what$thermocouple$channel$is$used$
for$the$PID$input.$$For$example,$if$you$want$the$PID$to$follow$a$bean$temp$profile,$
enter$the$channel$number$corresponding$to$your$bean$temp$thermocouple.$
Adjust$the$PID$cycle$time$(CT)$if$required$however,$1$second$(1000ms)$should$be$
fine.$
The$PID$algorithm$relies$on$the$three$parameters$PRO,$INT$and$DER.$Different$
values$will$change$how$well$the$PID$can$track$a$roast$profile.$Change$these$three$
values$to$suit$your$roaster.$
There$are$two$variations$of$the$PID$algorithm$to$choose$from;$Proportional$on$
Error$or$Proportional$on$Measurement.$$Enable$the$POM$line$to$activate$the$
Proportional$on$Measurement$mode.$$You$will$have$to$adjust$the$PID$parameters$
when$changing$between$Proportional$on$Error$and$Proportional$on$
Measurement.$
In$stand-alone$mode$(no$logging$software)$the$PID$can$follow$roast$profiles$stored$
on$the$TC4s$on-board$EEPROM.$These$profiles$are$loaded$onto$the$EEPROM$using$
the$Profile_Loader.ino$sketch.$Adjust$the$NUM_PROFILES$setting$to$let$the$
aArtisanQ_PID$sketch$know$how$many$profiles$are$stored$in$the$EEPROM.&
Heater&and&Fan&Limits/Options&
This$section$of$the$settings$allows$you$to$limit$the$output$range$for$each$output.$
The$HTR_CUTOFF_FAN_VAL$setting$allows$you$to$automatically$switch$off$power$
to$your$heater$if$the$blower/fan$output$level$goes$below$this$specified$value.$$This$
is$primarily$intended$to$protect$the$electric$element$from$burning$out$in$an$air$
roaster$if$the$blower$output$gets$set$too$low.$Leave$this$set$at$zero$if$this$feature$
is$not$being$used.$
When$using$the$PID;STOP$serial$command,$the$blower/fan$output$will$
automatically$be$set$to$the$value$specified$here$under$the$FAN_AUTO_COOL$
setting.$
Command&Echo&
Enabling$this$option$will$result$in$all$serial$commands$received$from$the$roasting$
software$to$be$displayed$on$the$LCD$for$a$short$time.$$Useful$for$debugging.$
Temperature&Reading&Filters&
Filtering$is$applied$to$the$raw$temperature$readings$and$the$amount$of$filtering$is$
specified$in$this$section.$The$default$values$should$be$fine$but$can$be$increased$or$
decreased$depending$on$how$noisy$the$raw$temperature$readings$are.$The$same$
applies$to$the$filtering$of$the$RoR$values.$
Thermocouple&inputs&
This$option$is$to$specify$how$many$physical$channels$exist$on$your$TC4.$$You$
should$not$need$to$adjust$this.$
Calibration&Values&
Thermocouple$calibration$data$can$be$stored$on$the$TC4$EEPROM.$The$default$
vales$here$will$be$used$if$no$data$is$in$the$EEPROM.$Adjusting$these$is$optional$but$
they$may$help$you$get$more$accurate$temperature$readings.$
Time&Base&for&slow&PWM&on&OT1,&OT2&
When$using$the$CONFIG_PWM$mode,$the$default$output$frequency$for$the$OT1$
and$OT2$outputs$is$1Hz.$For$example,$at$50%$power,$the$output$will$be$on$for$half$
a$second$and$then$off$for$half$a$second$and$so$on.$You$can$change$the$frequency$
between$1/4$Hz$and$8Hz$by$activating$the$desired$line.$Frequencies$faster$than$
8Hz$may$not$work$properly$without$other$code$changes.$
Debugging&Options&
No$change$required$from$default.$
Output&Pin&Setup&
The$settings$in$this$section$should$not$need$changing.$$They$map$the$TC4$output$
ports$to$the$Arduino$pins.$
Set&up¶meters&for&the&base&configurations&
The$settings$in$this$section$should$not$need$changing.$$These$are$set$up$depending$
on$the$configuration$options$specified$earlier.$
Phase&Angle&Control&Options&
The$settings$in$this$section$should$not$need$changing$unless$using$the$outputs$in$a$
different$manner$than$usual.$
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20>?5@A)BC AC#Mains
Slow#PWM OT1
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Zero#Voltage
Turn-on#type
DC
PWM IO3
MOSFET
MOSFET#Driver
No N/A
-#Slow#PWM#on#OT1#-#Default#1Hz#but#adjustable#
between#1/4Hz#to#8Hz#in#user.h#(up#to#3.9kHz#
with#other#code#changes)
-#Fast#PWM#on#IO3#-#Default#3.9kHz#but#adjustable#
between#30.64Hz#and#62.5kHz
-#Also#allows#slow#PWM#output#on#OT2#(same#
frequency#as#OT1)
20>?5@A)D2E AC#Mains
ICC#/#Burst OT1
SSR
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Turn-on#type
AC#Mains
PAC OT2
SSR
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Turn-on#type
Yes IO2
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20>?5@A)D2F AC#Mains
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+5V
+5V
GND
GND
SDA
SCL
SDA
SCL
ZC
GND
GND
ZC
OT2
OT1
IO2
IO3
I2C
ANLG1
ANLG2
POT 1 - Optional
POT 2 - Optional
I2C LCD - Optional
TC4 Shield + Arduino Uno
Mains
Power
TC1
TC2
TC3
TC4
Zero Voltage
Turn-on SSR
Instantaneous
Turn-on SSR
Zero Cross Detector
CONFIG_PAC2 Mode
Connection Example
+5V
+5V
+5V
+5V
GND
GND
SDA
SCL
SDA
SCL
ZC
GND
GND
ZC
OT2
OT1
IO2
IO3
I2C
ANLG1
ANLG2
POT 1 - Optional
POT 2 - Optional
I2C LCD - Optional
TC4 Shield + Arduino Uno
Mains
Power
TC1
TC2
TC3
TC4
Zero Cross Detector
CONFIG_PAC3 Mode
Connection Example
Zero Voltage
Turn-on SSR
Instantaneous
Turn-on SSR
+5V
+5V
+5V
+5V
GND
GND
SDA
SCL
SDA
SCL
GND
ZC
OT2
OT1
IO2
IO3
I2C
ANLG1
ANLG2
POT 1 - Optional
POT 2 - Optional
I2C LCD - Optional
TC4 Shield + Arduino Uno
Mains
Power
TC1
TC2
TC3
TC4
Zero Cross Detector
CONFIG_PAC2_IO3HTR Mode
Connection Example
ZC
GND
Proportional Gas Valve
and Driver
GND
+5V
Instantaneous
Turn-on SSR
+5V
+5V
+5V
GND
GND
SDA
SCL
SDA
SCL
OT2
OT1
IO2
IO3
I2C
ANLG1
ANLG2
POT 1 - Optional
POT 2 - Optional
I2C LCD - Optional
TC4 Shield + Arduino Uno
TC1
TC2
TC3
TC4
CONFIG_PWM Mode
Connection Example
GND
+5V
+5V
Logic Level MOSFET
Motor Driver Circuit
Motor
Power
Zero Voltage
Turn-on SSR
Serial'Commands'for'aArtisanQ_PID'
!
Notes:!
1. Terminate!all!command!strings!with!newline,!i.e.!/n!
2. Delimiters!between!parameters!may!be!comma,!space,!semicolon,!or!
equals!sign!
3. First!five!characters!(max)!of!command!name!are!significant!
4. A!command!may!have!up!to!5!parameters,!including!the!keyword!
!
CHAN,ijkl'
where!i,j,k,l!=!a!decimal!value!0!to!4!representing!a!physical!port!
Establishes!the!active!logical!channels!(chan1,!chan2,!chan3,!chan4)!and!maps!
them!to!physical!ports!(TC1,!TC2,!TC3,!TC4).!
The!Artisan!Roaster!Scope!software!expects!environment!temp!(ET)!on!logical!
chan1,!and!bean!temp!(BT)!on!logical!chan2.!
A!value!of!zero!for!the!physical!port!inactivates!the!channel.!
CHAN,ijkl!examples:!
chan,1200/n!!TC1!->!chan1,!TC2!->!chan2,!chan3!and!chan4!inactive!
chan,3210/n!!TC3!->!chan1,!TC2!->!chan2,!TC1!->!chan3,!chan4!inactive!
Response!from!TC4!device!is!"#!Active!channels!set!to!ijkl"!
!
FILT,lev1,lev2,lev3,lev4'
Sets!new!digital!filtering!level!(0-100!percent)!on!logical!channels!1,!2,!3,!and!4.!
lev1!=!new!filtering!level!for!logical!channel!1!(etc)!
!
PID,T,ppp,iii,ddd''and''PID,T_POM,ppp,iii,ddd'
Sets!new!PID!parameters!("T"!is!for!"tuning"):!
ppp!=!proportional!coefficient!Kp!
iii!=!integral!coefficient!Ki!
ddd!=!derivative!coefficient!Kd!
T!=!Proportional!on!Error!PID!mode!
T_POM!=!Proportional!on!Measurement!PID!mode!
!
PID,LIMIT,min,max!
Sets!PID!output!limits!
min!=!lower!limit!(0-100!and!<!max)!
max!=!upper!limit!(0-100!and!>!min)!!
!
PID,SV,vvv'
Establishes!new!PID!setpoint!(vvv!=!set!value,!or!SV)!
!
PID,ON'and'PID,OFF'
Turns!the!PID!on!or!off.!!PID!always!operates!on!OT1!(or!IO3!in!
CONFIG_PAC2_IO3HTR!mode).!
!
PID,CT,mmmm'
Sets!new!PID!cycle!time,!in!ms,!to!mmmm.!Default!value!is!1000!(1!second).!
!
PID,CHAN,i'
Sets!the!input!for!the!PID!controller.!
i!=!a!decimal!value!1!to!4!representing!a!physical!port!(TC1,!TC2,!TC3,!TC4).!
Example:!
CHAN,2100/n!
PID,CHAN,2/n!
This!results!in!the!thermocouple!connected!to!physical!port!TC2!being!used!by!
the!PID.!And!in!this!example,!TC2!was!mapped!to!logical!channel!chan1,!which!
corresponds!to!ET!when!using!Artisan!Roasting!Scope!
!
PID,START'
Resets!TC4!timer!and!activates!the!PID.!
Can!be!used!when!starting!a!roast.!Response!from!TC4!device!is!"#!PID!Roast!
Start"!
!
PID,STOP'
Turns!off!the!PID!and!heater.!Sets!fan!to!auto!cool!setting!as!defined!in!user.h.!
Can!be!used!at!end!of!roast.!Response!from!TC4!device!is!"#!PID!Roast!Stop"!
!
PID,Px'
Sets!the!roast!profile!being!used!by!the!PID!to!val.!
x!=!0!used!when!receiving!set!variable!values!with!the!PID,SV!command.!
Default!condition.!
x!>!0!to!access!corresponding!roast!profile!stored!on!TC4!EEPROM!
Response!from!TC4!device!is!"#!Profile!'val'!selected"!
!
DCFAN,duty'
where!duty!=!0!to!100!(percent!output)!
Changes!the!PWM!duty!cycle!on!FAN_PORT!to!duty.!By!default,!FAN_PORT!is!
DI03!on!Arduino!(same!as!IO3!port).!
Limits!the!increase!in!duty!to!25!points!per!second!to!address!fan!inrush!
current!on!Hottop!(and!possibly!other)!roasters.!
No!response!from!TC4!device.!
!
UNITS,u!
where!u!=!C!or!F.!
Sets!active!temperature!scale.!No!response!from!TC4!device.!
!
READ'
Requests!current!temperature!readings!on!all!active!channels.!!
Response!from!TC4!device!depends!on!the!roaster!software!being!used.!!For!
Artisan!Roaster!Scope,!this!will!be!the!ambient!temperature!followed!by!a!
comma!separated!list!of!temperatures!in!current!active!units!in!logical!channel!
order,!then!followed!by!the!heater,!fan!and!PID!set!value:!
Eg:!ambient,chan1,chan2,heater,fan,SV!
!
OT1,duty'
where!duty!=!0!to!100!(percent!output)!
Changes!the!output!duty!cycle!on!OT1!to!duty.!
No!response!from!TC4!device.!
!
OT1,up'and'OT1,down'
Adjusts!OT1!duty!cycle!up!or!down!by!DUTY_STEP!increment!as!defined!in!
user.h.!
No!response!from!TC4!device.!
!
OT2,duty'
where!duty!=!0!to!100!(percent!output)!
Changes!the!output!duty!cycle!on!OT2!to!duty.!
No!response!from!TC4!device.!
!
OT2,up'and'OT2,down'
Adjusts!OT2!duty!cycle!up/down!by!DUTY_STEP!increment!as!defined!in!user.h.!
No!response!from!TC4!device.!
!
IO3,duty'(not!available!in!CONFIG_PAC3!mode)!
where!duty!=!0!to!100!(percent!output)!
Changes!the!PWM!duty!cycle!on!IO3!to!duty.!
Unlike!the!DCFAN!command,!the!duty!cycle!is!increased!immediately.!Sudden!
increases!in!fan!speed!is!known!to!cause!problems!on!some!hottop!roasters,!so!
users!are!advised!to!use!the!dcfan!command!instead.!
No!response!from!TC4!device.!
!
IO3,up'and'IO3,down!(not!available!in!CONFIG_PAC3!mode)!
Adjusts!IO3!duty!cycle!up!or!down!by!DUTY_STEP!increment!as!defined!in!
user.h.!
No!response!from!TC4!device.!
DWRITE,pin,val!
where!pin!=!Arduino!pin!number!(D0!to!D13!or!A0!to!A5)!
val!=!HIGH!or!LOW!
Puts!port!associated!with!pin!number!in!output!mode!and!sets!it!HIGH!or!LOW.!
No!response!from!the!TC4!device.!
!
AWRITE,pin,level'
where!pin!=!Arduino!pin!number!(D0!to!D13)!
val!=!0!to!255!
Puts!port!associated!with!pin!number!in!output!mode!and!sets!output!level!0!to!
255!(i.e.!duty!cycle!0!to!100%).!
No!response!from!the!TC4!device.!
!
Reset'
Resets!TC4!timer!
Response!from!TC4!device!is!"#!Reset"!
!
LOAD!(available!in!Roastlogger!mode)!
Resets!TC4!timer!
No!response!from!the!TC4!device.!
!
POWER=duty!(available!in!Roastlogger!mode)!
where!duty!=!0!to!100!(percent!output)!
Changes!the!heater!duty!cycle!on!OT1!or!IO3!to!duty.!
No!response!from!TC4!device.!
FAN=duty!(available!in!Roastlogger!mode)!
where!duty!=!0!to!100!(percent!output)!
Changes!the!duty!cycle!on!OT2!or!IO3!to!duty.!
No!response!from!TC4!device.!
!
!
